Wikipedia hawiki https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babban_shafi MediaWiki 1.46.0-wmf.26 first-letter Midiya Musamman Tattaunawa User Tattaunawar user Wikipedia Tattaunawar Wikipedia Fayil Tattaunawar fayil MediaWiki Tattaunawar MediaWiki Samfuri Tattaunawar samfuri Taimako Tattaunawar taimako Rukuni Tattaunawar rukuni TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 2345 829740 824800 2026-05-04T22:18:23Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829740 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}{{Infobox language|name=Afrihili|nativename=''Ɛl-Afrihili''|creator=K. A. Kumi Attobrah|created=1970|setting=intended for use throughout [[Africa]]|fam1=[[constructed language]]|fam2=[[international auxiliary language|international auxiliary]]|fam3=[[zonal auxiliary language|zonal]]|posteriori=[[a posteriori language]], derived primarily from [[Swahili language|Swahili]] and [[Akan language|Akan]]|iso2=afh|iso3=afh|linglist=afh|glotto=afri1275|notice=IPA}} Afrihili ( Ni Afrihili Oluga 'harshen Afrihili') harshe ne da masanin tarihi na Ghana KA Kumi Attobrah (Kumi Atɔbra) ya tsara a shekarar 1970 don amfani da shi a matsayin harshen da aka fi amfani da shi a duk faɗin Afirka . Sunan harshen haɗin Afirka ne da Swahili . Marubucin, ɗan asalin Akrokerri (Akrokɛri) a Ghana, ya fara tunanin wannan ra'ayi a shekarar 1967 yayin da yake kan tafiya ta teku daga Dover zuwa Calais . Manufarsa ita ce "zai haɓaka haɗin kai da fahimta tsakanin al'ummomin nahiyar, rage farashin bugawa saboda fassara da haɓaka ciniki". An yi nufin ya zama mai sauƙi ga 'yan Afirka su koya. == Harsunan Tushe == Afrihili ya zana [[Phonology|tsarin sauti]], [[Morphology|tsarin halitta]] da kuma tsarin jumla daga [[Harsunan Afrika|harsunan Afirka]] daban-daban, musamman [[Harshen Swahili|Swahili]] da [[Yaren Akan|Akan]] (harshen Attobrah). Kamus ɗin ya ƙunshi harsunan Afirka daban-daban, da kuma kalmomi daga wasu majiyoyi da yawa "sun yi kama da na Afirka har ba sa kama da na ƙasashen waje", kodayake babu takamaiman ma'anar da marubucin ya nuna. Duk da haka, ma'anar tana da Turanci sosai, tare da kalmomi da yawa na maganganun Turanci, wataƙila saboda tasirin Ingilishi mai ƙarfi akan Swahili da Akan da aka rubuta. Misali, ''mu'' yana 'in', ''to'' shine 'to', kuma ''muto'' yana 'into'; haka nan, ''kupitia'' yana 'ta hanyar' (kamar yadda yake a cikin 'ta hanyar wannan magani'), ''paasa'' yana 'fita' (kamar yadda yake a cikin fita waje), kuma ''kupitia-paasa'' shine 'a ko'ina' - aƙalla a cikin sigar asali ta 1970 ta harshen. == Rubutu da kuma furtawa == Harshen yana amfani da haruffan Latin tare da ƙarin haruffan wasali guda biyu, {{Angle bracket|Ɛ ɛ}} da {{Angle bracket|Ɔ ɔ}}, waɗanda ke da ƙimar su a cikin harsunan Ghana da IPA, [ ɛ ] da [ ɔ ] . Ana rubuta sunayen ƙasashen waje ta hanyar sauti maimakon a cikin rubutun asali, don haka misali 'Hastings' ana rubuta shi ''Hestins'' . Akwai digraph guda biyu, {{Angle bracket|ch}} da {{Angle bracket|sh}}, waɗanda ke da ƙimar Turanci da Swahili, [ tʃ ] da [ ʃ ] . ''J'' da ''y'' kuma suna da ƙimar Turanci da Swahili, [ d͡ʒ ] da [ j ] . ''Ng'' ba digraph ba ne, amma ana furta shi kamar yadda yake a ''yatsan'' Turanci, {{IPA|[ŋɡ]}} . Wasula ''a ɛ ei ɔ ou ne'' . Haruffan wasala biyu suna bayyana a matsayin jerin abubuwa, ba dogayen wasala ba. Baƙaƙen suna ''pt ch k, bdjg, mn ny, fs sh h, vz, lryw'' . Babu sautin murya . Damuwa tana kan wasali na ƙarshe na biyu. Alamun motsin rai suna zuwa a farkon sashe, wanda ke ƙarewa da waƙafi ko lokaci kamar yadda aka saba; alamun tambaya suna zuwa a ƙarshe. == Nahawu == [[Nahawu|Nahawun]] ya yi kama da na Swahili, amma kuma akwai 'alwatika na wasali', wanda shine babban abin da ke haifar da canjin Afrihili: wani / \ ue ɛ / \ ɔ __ o __ i Ana aiwatar da ayyuka da yawa na nahawu ta hanyar musayar wasali tare da kishiyar shugabanci a kan alwatika: ''a'' don ''o'', ''u'' don ''i'', ''e'' don ''ɔ'', da kuma akasin haka. Misali, ana iya mayar da fi'ili zuwa siffa ta hanyar canza wasalin ƙarshe ta wannan hanyar: daga ''pinu'' 'don tantancewa' sai siffa ''pini'' 'ƙayyade' ta zo. ''Ɗa'' ba ya shiga cikin waɗannan musanya, amma ana amfani da shi a wasu yanayi (a ƙasa). Duk sunaye, da kuma kawai sunaye da sifofi da ke canza sunaye, suna farawa da wasali. A cikin mufuradi wannan zai bambanta da wasali na ƙarshe na kalmar; jam'in yana samuwa ta hanyar sanya shi iri ɗaya da wasali na ƙarshe. Misali, 'yaro' ''omulenzi'' ya zama 'ya'ya maza' ''imulenzi'' ; haka nan, {{Lang|afh|oluga}} shine 'harshe' da kuma 'harsuna' ''na aluga'' . === Sunaye === Ana samo sunaye daga fi'ili ko siffa ta hanyar sanya gabanin kishiyar wasalin ƙarshe, bisa ga alwatika da ke sama. Don haka, daga ''pinu'' 'don ƙayyade' akwai sunan {{Lang|afh|ipinu}} 'ƙaddara'. Idan duk wasulan da ke cikin fi'ili ko siffa iri ɗaya ne, kamar a cikin ''mono'' 'to disgrace' da kuma ''kana'' 'one', to ana amfani da wasali mai tsaka tsaki ''ɛ-'' : ''ɛmono'' 'a disgrace', ''wato'' 'haɗin kai'. Sunaye na fi'ili ( gerunds ) an samar da su ne daga infinitive a cikin ''-de'', don haka koyaushe suna farawa da ''ɔ-'' : ''soma'' 'karatu', ''somade'' 'karanta', ''koyarwarmu ita ce baba'' 'karatu yana da kyau'. ( ''Kwatanta'' 'girbi' da kuma {{Lang|afh|ukarati}} 'girbi', daga ''karati'' 'zuwa girbi'.) A akasin haka, sunaye suna sauke wasalin farko don samar da fi'ili, kuma tare da canjin da ya dace a wasalin ƙarshe, siffa. Don haka, daga ''etogo'' 'gida' yana zuwa ''togo'' (ko ''togode'' ) 'zuwa gida', kuma daga ''umeme'' 'lantarki' yana zuwa ''memɔ'' 'lantarki'. === Ƙungiyoyi === Ana samar da ɓangarori da ''mɛ-'', wanda aka ƙara samowa a matsayin sunaye ko siffa (gerunds): ''mɛpini'' 'determinative', ''ɛmɛwako'' 'direba' ( ''wako'' zuwa tuƙi). Ana ƙirƙirar jimlolin fi'ili da prefixes na lokaci mai tsawo, tare da rubuta sunayen ma'abota batun tare da fi'ili. (Ba a amfani da karin magana na batun idan akwai batun suna.) Duk da haka, ana rubuta abubuwa daban bayan fi'ili: Daga ''jira'' 'don jira', '''''mi''' ngijira '''lε''''' 'I ( ''mi-'' ) da na jira shi ( ''lɛ'' )'. === Karin sunaye === Karin magana sun haɗa ''da mi'' 'Ni', ''nɛ'' 'ni da kai', ''nɛu'' 'mu da kai', ''nu'' 'mu' (ba kai ba), ''wu'' 'kai (kai)' ''ku'' 'kai (ye)', ''le'' 'he', ''ta'' 'she', ''yo'' 'it', ''fu'' 'they'. === Karin sunaye masu mallaka === Don mallaka, ana sanya karin magana a kan suna, suna barin wasalin su: ''l'arafi'' 'harafinsa', ''w'agoji'' 'kuɗinka'. === Karin bayani na lokaci === Karin bayani na lokaci-lokaci sun haɗa da ''li-'' (baya), ''ta-'' (nan gaba), ''lii-'' (nan gaba na yau da kullun), ''taa-'' ( ''nan'' gaba na yau da kullun), ''yɛɛ-'' (nan gaba na yau da kullun), ''re-'' (nan gaba na yau da kullun), ri- (nan gaba na yau da kullun), ''ngi-'' (sharaɗi, zai), ''nge-'' (subjunctive, may), da kuma cikakke a ''lo-'' . Ba a yiwa alama mai sauƙi ba. ''U-'' yana samar da jimloli masu dangantaka (wanda, wanda). Don haka, daga ''du'eat'' ', ''lɛdu'' 'ya ci', ''nɛtadu'' 'you & I will eat', ''fulidu'' 'sun ci', ''miyɛɛdu ɛn zinga'' 'na ci da safe (kamar yadda al'ada)', {{Lang|afh|miliidu ɛn zinga}} 'Zan ci/na ci da safe', ''miredu'' 'Ina cin abinci', ''nuridu'' 'mun kasance muna cin abinci (lokacin da)', ''kama kungiwa, kungidu'' 'idan kun zo, za ku ci', ''ni omuntu lodu'' 'mutumin ya ci'. === Karin magana na nuna alama === 'Wannan' da 'wancan' su ne ''ki'' da ''ka'', waɗanda aka yi amfani da ƙarin bayani ''-nga'', wanda ke ba wa ''kinga'' 'waɗannan' da ''kanga'' 'waɗanda'. Suna iya faruwa kafin suna, ko kuma daga baya ta hanyar kwafi harafin ƙarshe: : ''Ki omulenzi, omulenzi kinzi'' 'this boy' : ''Ka omukama, omukama kama'' 'that king' : ''Imukazi kangazi'' 'waɗanda 'yan matan' Wasu ma'auni cikakke ne, kamar ''-wi'' inchoative (don samun ko zama): ''sana'' ' sha', ''sanawi'' 'bugu'; ''furaha'' 'happy', ''furahawi'' 'be happy'. Duk da haka, yawancin suna da wasalin echo, daidai da wasalin ƙarshe na tushen, kamar yadda yake cikin ''-bw-'' (m): ''bona'' 'gani', {{Lang|afh|bonabwa}} 'a gani'; ko ''-t-'' '-iya': ''bonata'' 'bayyana', ''dutu'' 'mai iya ci'. 'Na' ( bangare ?) ko dai kari ne ''-n'' ko barbashi ''pe'', tare da sabanin tsarin kalma. ''Nun kisi'' ko ''kisi pe nu'' 'wasu daga cikinmu', ''imulenzin kisi'' ko ''kisi pen imulenzi'' 'wasu daga cikin samarin' (tabbatacciyar labarin ''ni'' anan an rage kuma an rage shi zuwa ''pe'', bada ''alkalami'' ). Idan siffa ko lamba ta biyo bayan suna, tana ɗaukar wasalin farko na sunan a matsayin yarjejeniyar nahawu, da kuma ƙarin bayani ''-n'' : : {{Lang|afh|oluga ozurin na opapan}} 'a pleasant and good language' : {{Lang|afh|kana oluga, oluga okanan}} 'one language' == Samfurin jimloli == : ''Zuri lu'' – Barka da rana ( ''alu'' 'a day') : ''Zuri zinga'' - Barka da safiya : ''Zuri masa'' - Barka da rana : ''Zuri dani'' - Barka da yamma : ''Zuri bali'' - Barka da dare : ''Jo koni'' - Je nan da nan : ''! Afuraho'' - Barka da warhaka! : {{Lang|afh|Sama papa obeka al dude}} – Nemi wuri mai kyau don cin abinci : ''Idan'' na karɓi wasiƙarsa kafin in fita, da na jira shi. : {{Lang|afh|Kwaku na Akua mai atapiro atajirin wɛna liwa yide fu kusa. Ni atapiro atajirin mai imulezi ibarin wɛna yɛ f'amotsoala. Ni amotsoala yɛ arenobo kika Kwaku na Akua baitu fu duka yɛ ukuetu upapam tare.}} : {{Lang|afh|Ku atapiro mai afu okisiwa so nehi nesa bɛ, na ni imao no inta tabonadi you. Fumai arafi f'amotsoala tɔ okisiwa.}} == Rubutu == An saka rubutun da ke ƙasa, daga wata wasiƙar labarai ta 1971, a gefen hagu. Kalmomin da suka ɓace suna cikin baka. {| !Afrikili ! Turanci ! masu sheƙi |- | ''Wanene ke cikinta?'' | Me za ka yi? | ''da'' - yi |- | {{Lang|afh|Koda ni amɛgenda ɛn arabiyado, kɛna rigenda to Afrilikrom, rifunda kɛna lɛriwako harakalo ma, ni ɛmɛwako lidinga wakode harakalo.}} | Duk da cewa fasinjojin da ke cikin wata babbar mota, wacce ke tafiya zuwa Afrilikrom, suna korafin cewa yana tuki da sauri, direban ya ci gaba da tuki da sauri. | ''ni'' – da; ''genda'' – don tafiya; ''ɛn'' – a cikin; ''arabiyado'' – babbar mota/mota; ''wancan'' – wancan, wanda; ''zuwa'' – zuwa; ''funda'' – don yin korafi; ''wako'' – don tuƙi; ''haraka'' – sauri; ''ma'' – sosai? ma; ''dinga'' – don ci gaba | |- | [?] {{Lang|afh|rɛ lɛlundi ni ɛndɛmo mu, pɛna ni [arab]iyado luduri muto umuti ni uzo te.}} | Ya kusa isa garin, sai babbar motar ta ci karo da wata bishiya da ke gefen hanya. | ''lundi'' ? – isa; ''ɛndɛmo'' – a town; ''mu'' - in; ''umuti'' - itace; ''uzo'' – hanya; ''ku'' - gefe |- | [?] {{Lang|afh|amɛganda (earlier amɛgenda) bi lipewa apira na bi lifua. [Ni ɛ]mɛwako lipirabwa ko.}} | Wasu daga cikin fasinjojin sun samu raunuka, wasu kuma sun mutu. Direban bai ji rauni ba. | ''bi'' - wasu, wasu ko wasu; ''pira'' - don rauni/rauni; ''fua'' - don mutuwa; ''ko'' - ba |- | [?] {{Lang|afh|uma rendeke tɛ adoncho tɛ ɛtaya, lɛliwa [na ?] eri ni arabiyado te na likukua, {{thinspace|!|W'agoji}} [kam]a wufuaseko. {{thinspace|!|W'agoji}} kama wufuaseko.}} | Maimakon ya kira motar asibiti don neman taimako, sai ya zo ya tsaya kusa da babbar motar ya yi ihu, "Kuɗinka, idan ba ka mutu ba! Kuɗinka idan ba ka mutu ba!" | ''tɛ'' – don; ''adoncho'' – motar asibiti; ''taya'' – don taimakawa; ''wa'' – don zuwa; ''kukua'' – don ihu; ''agoji'' – kuɗi; ''kama'' – idan; ''-se'' (ba a san ko su waye ba) |- | ''[Ka]na pe fu, ɛn reti yo lijika l'oliso na'' [?] ''nya lɛlifuase.'' | Da jin haka, ɗaya daga cikin fasinjojin ya rufe idanunsa ya yi kamar ya mutu. | ''kana'' - ɗaya; ''ti'' - ji; ''yo'' - shi; ''jika'' - rufewa; ''oliso'' - idanu; |- | {{Lang|afh|Dɛna wungida wuriyɛ ka omuntu}} [?] | Me za ka yi idan kai ne wannan mutumin? | ''ya'' - zama; ''omuntu'' - mutum |} == Bayanan kula == {{Reflist}} == Nassoshi == * KA Kumi Attobrah (1970, 1973) ''Ni Afrihili Oluga.'' ''Harshen Nahiyar Afirka'' * William S. Annis (2014) [https://fiatlingua.org/2014/04/ "Afrihili: Harsunan Afirka Masu Alaƙa"], ''Fiat Lingua'', Afrilu 2014 == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * Wasikar labarai ta Afrihili (sigar 1971) a gidan yanar gizon Roger Blench. [https://www.rogerblench.info/Language/Africa/General/Afrihili%20brochure.pdf] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250716002534/http://www.rogerblench.info/Language/Africa/General/Afrihili%20brochure.pdf |date=2025-07-16 }} ( [https://web.archive.org/web/20081011044605/http://www.rogerblench.info/Language%20data/Africa/General/Afrihili%20brochure.pdf an adana] ) * Takaitaccen bayani game da tsarin magana da na asali, [http://lingweenie.org/conlang/afrihili/ Afrihili Notes] . ( [https://web.archive.org/web/20130816052945/http://lingweenie.org/conlang/afrihili/ an adana] ) {{Constructed languages}}{{Authority control}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] t09g2w7j3zsy5kfafurl9xo9s1ezvw3 0 3976 829763 763411 2026-05-04T23:46:03Z Abdullahi umar kankia 39416 #wiki4agile 829763 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Gadar SkyTrail''' ta mamaye Kogin South Saskatchewan a Outlook, Saskatchewan, Kanada. An gina ta ne da farko ta hanyar Jirgin Ƙasa na Pacific na Kanada a faɗin faɗin hanyar ambaliyar kogin kuma tana da tsawon zango takwas. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Smith |first=C.D. |year=1984 |title=Scour control at Outlook Bridge-A case study |journal=Can. J. Civ. Eng. |publisher=NRC Research Press |volume=11 |issue=4 |pages=709–716 |doi=10.1139/l84-091}}</ref> Ta yi aiki a matsayin gadar jirgin ƙasa daga 23 ga Oktoba, 1912, har zuwa 16 ga Maris, 1987. A shekarar 2003 an mayar da ita gadar masu tafiya a ƙasa kuma yanzu ita ce gadar masu tafiya a ƙasa mafi tsayi a Kanada. <ref>{{Cite web |title=SkyTrail – Canada's Longest Pedestrian Bridge<!-- Bot generated title --> |url=http://www.town.outlook.sk.ca/skytrail/skytrail-2.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110628142721/http://town.outlook.sk.ca/skytrail/skytrail-2.html |archive-date=2011-06-28 |access-date=2009-03-02}}</ref> Gadar wani ɓangare ne na Hanyar Trans-Canada . Saboda matsalolin tsarin gine-gine, an rufe gadar tun ƙarshen 2013. == Asalin == Gadar SkyTrail ta samo asali ne tun daga shekarar 1887, lokacin da aka bude ta a hukumance a matsayin [[Saint-Laurent Railway Bridge|gadar jirgin kasa ta Saint-Laurent]] da ke Montreal, Quebec. An cire ginin gadar a shekarar 1911 domin samar da sabuwar gada mai layuka biyu da ke daidai da tsohuwar gadar hanya daya. Daga nan aka kai sassan gadar zuwa Outlook aka yi amfani da su wajen gina sabuwar gadar jirgin kasa ta Outlook, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Smith |first=C.D. |year=1984 |title=Scour control at Outlook Bridge-A case study |journal=Can. J. Civ. Eng. |publisher=NRC Research Press |volume=11 |issue=4 |pages=709–716 |doi=10.1139/l84-091}}</ref> wadda aka bude a hukumance a ranar 23 ga Oktoba, 1912. == Tsarin Gada == SkyTrail tana da ƙirar gada mai ban sha'awa da aka sani da truss mai wutsiya - kuma SkyTrail tana da trusses mai tsayi da aka sani a Kanada da Arewacin Amurka. Da kansu, trusses na Whipple suna da matuƙar wahalar samu a Kanada, amma SkyTrail tana da truss mai wutsiya mai wutsiya maimakon truss mai wutsiya mai wutsiya wanda ya fi yawa, wanda hakan ya ba gadar ƙarin wahala. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Smith |first=C.D. |year=1984 |title=Scour control at Outlook Bridge-A case study |journal=Can. J. Civ. Eng. |publisher=NRC Research Press |volume=11 |issue=4 |pages=709–716 |doi=10.1139/l84-091}}</ref><gallery> Fayil:PanoramaSkytrail.JPG|alt=A panorama view of the Skytrail| Zane-zanen Skytrail a kan taswirar panoramic Fayil:SkytrailBridge.jpg|alt=View from below the bridge| Duba daga ƙasan gadar Fayil:Skytrail-bridge-buckling-2025.jpg|alt=Buckling truss members near eastern end, 2025| Membobin truss na Buckling kusa da ƙarshen gabas, 2025 Fayil:1885_St_Lawrence_bridge_CPR.jpg|alt=The original bridge in Montreal, c. 1885| Gadar asali a Montreal, {{Circa}} 1885 </gallery>✈️ Farkon jirgin sama Asalin jirgin sama ya samo tushe ne daga ƙoƙarin ɗan Adam na tashi kamar tsuntsaye. A ranar 17 Disamba 1903, ‘yan’uwa biyu Orville Wright da Wilbur Wright sun yi nasarar ƙirƙirar jirgin sama na farko mai injin da ya tashi a Kitty Hawk. Wannan ne ya zama farkon jirgin sama na zamani (modern airplane). 🚀 Cigaban jirgin sama Bayan wannan nasara, jirgin sama ya fara inganta sosai: A shekarun 1920–1930: an fara amfani da shi wajen ɗaukar fasinjoji. Lokacin World War I da World War II, an ƙara inganta jiragen yaƙi. Bayan yaƙe-yaƙe: aka ƙirƙiri manyan jiragen kasuwanci na zamani. Yanzu manyan kamfanoni kamar Boeing da Airbus suna ƙera jirage masu ci gaba sosai. ✨ Amfanin jirgin sama 1. Sufuri (Transport) Jirgin sama yana taimakawa mutane su yi tafiya cikin sauri daga ƙasa zuwa wata ƙasa. Tafiya da zai ɗauki kwanaki a mota ko jirgin ruwa, jirgi na iya yi cikin sa’o’i. 2. Kasuwanci Ana amfani da shi wajen ɗaukar kaya da kasuwanci tsakanin ƙasashe. Yana taimakawa tattalin arziki ya bunƙasa. 3. Tsaro da Soja Ana amfani da jiragen yaƙi wajen kare ƙasa. Haka kuma ana amfani da su wajen bincike da leƙen asiri. 4. Ceto da Lafiya Jiragen sama na musamman suna taimakawa wajen: kai marasa lafiya gaggawa (air ambulance) taimako a lokacin bala’i 5. Yawon buɗe ido Jirgin sama ya sa yawon buɗe ido ya zama mai sauƙi tsakanin ƙasashe. 📌 Kammalawa Jirgin sama ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan ƙirƙire-ƙirƙire na ɗan Adam. Tun daga ƙaramar na’urar da Wright brothers suka yi, zuwa manyan jirage na zamani, ya canza yadda duniya ke hulɗa da juna. == Manazarta == jhznanwspx6cbzjzmeqfn3g2qi3ukgz 0 5524 829764 689140 2026-05-04T23:50:20Z Abdullahi umar kankia 39416 #wiki4agile 829764 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:A visit to the White House.jpg|thumb|white house, Amerika]] [[File:White-House.jpg|thumb|duroyin ɗin white house]] [[File:Organization of American States General Assembly.jpg|thumb|babban taron da shugaban Amurka da ya gabata ([[George W. Bush]]) ya shirya a shekara ta 2005]] [[Fayil:City Lights of the United States 2012.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Flag of the United States (DoS ECA Color Standard).svg|thumb]] [[Fayil:National Park Service 9-11 Statue of Liberty and WTC fire.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Confederate 100 Dollars.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Map of the American continent.svg|thumb]] [[Fayil:US Capitol Dome High Res Jan 2006.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Dean Franklin - 06.04.03 Mount Rushmore Monument (by-sa).jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:American bison in Yellowstone National Park.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Constitution of the United States, page 1.jpg|thumb]] '''Amurka''' ko '''Amurika''' ko '''Amirka''' [[Nahiya]] ce. Amurka ta kasu kashi biyu. Akwai Amurka ta Arewa (North America) da kuma Amurka ta Kudu wato (''South Americ''a). kuma amurka tanacikin kasashe masu karfin fada aji a duniya,a fiyeda kowata [[nahiya]] a fadin [[Duniya mai sanyi|duniya]]. [[Fayil:America blank map.png|thumb|amurca]] == Hotuna == [[Fayil:Map of the American continent.svg|thumb|america]] [[Fayil:America noviter delineata.jpg|thumb|Amuruka]] [[Fayil:South america tr.jpg|thumb|amuruka]] [[Fayil:North and South America, 1659 southeast.jpg|thumb|amurka]] [[Fayil:North and South America, 1659 northwest.jpg|thumb|amurka]] [[Fayil:North and South America, c.1590.jpg|thumb|Amurka]] [[Fayil:Indian Cultures of North and South America - NM Prague 20.JPG|thumb|amurka]] [[Fayil:Nord America.png|thumb|Nord]] [[Fayil:World maps - America -- Smart-Servier.png|thumb|amurka]] [[Fayil:Shipwreck of the SS American Star on the shore of Fuerteventura.jpg|thumb|Amurka]] [[Fayil:South America - Blue Marble orthographic.jpg|thumb|amurka]] [[Fayil:North america terrain 2003 map.jpg|thumb|amurka]] [[Fayil:North America satellite orthographic.jpg|thumb|amurka]] {{Stub}}Tarihin kafuwar United States of America 🇺🇸 🌍 Asalin farko (kafin Turawa) Kafin zuwan Turawa, yankin Amurka ya kasance cike da kabilun asali (Native Americans) waɗanda suka zauna a wurin tsawon dubban shekaru. Sun kasance da al’adu da tsarin rayuwa daban-daban. 🚢 Zuwa Turawa A shekarar 1492, Christopher Columbus ya isa nahiyar Amurka (duk da bai isa yankin USA kai tsaye ba). Daga baya Turawa daga ƙasashe kamar England, Spain da Faransa suka fara kafa mazauna a yankin. 🏘️ Mulkin mallaka (Colonies) Zuwa ƙarni na 17, Ingila ta kafa ƙasashe 13 (Thirteen Colonies) a gabashin Amurka. Waɗannan yankuna suna ƙarƙashin ikon sarautar Ingila. ⚔️ Yaƙin ‘Yancin Kai A shekarun 1770s, rikici ya tashi tsakanin mazauna yankin da Ingila saboda haraji da rashin ‘yanci. Wannan ya kai ga American Revolutionary War. 📜 Sanarwar ‘Yancin Kai A ranar 4 ga Yuli, 1776, aka fitar da Declaration of Independence. Jagorori kamar Thomas Jefferson sun rubuta takardar. Wannan ya nuna cewa yankunan sun balle daga Ingila. 🏛️ Kafuwar ƙasa Bayan nasara a yaƙi, an kafa sabuwar ƙasa mai suna United States of America. A shekarar 1787, aka rubuta kundin tsarin mulki (Constitution). A 1789, George Washington ya zama shugaban ƙasa na farko. 🌎 Faɗaɗa ƙasa Daga baya Amurka ta faɗaɗa ta hanyar saye da yaƙe-yaƙe. Ta zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan ƙasashe a duniya. 📌 Kammalawa Kafuwar Amurka ta samo asali ne daga mulkin mallaka na Ingila, zuwa yaƙin neman ‘yanci, sannan ta zama ƙasa mai cikakken iko. Yanzu tana daga cikin ƙasashe mafi ƙarfi a duniya.[[Fayil:Sgt. Samuel Smith, African American soldier in Union uniform with wife and two daughters.jpg|thumb|Amurka]] == Manazarta == 36 U.S.C. § 302 "The Great Seal of the United States" (PDF). U.S. Department of State, Bureau of Public Affairs. (2003)Retrieved February (12)(2020) [[Category:Amurka]] 42dzdq3oqxrhrbxzwrg1tp64a3rphyu 3 6214 829760 828769 2026-05-04T23:40:23Z ~2026-27105-69 44578 /* Dangote */ sabon sashe 829760 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa == Hi, Welcome on the Hausa Wikipedia. Sorry that this message is in English - we are very few editors here and most of us speak only basic/survival Hausa... so I'm very glad to see that someone who speaks fluently has just arrived. Wishing you a good time contributing to this project (please spread the news around you, since it needs more Hausa speakers!), --[[User:DonCamillo|DonCamillo]] ([[User talk:DonCamillo|talk]]) 14:30, 12 Agusta 2017 (UTC) :Nagode [[User:DonCamillo|DonCamillo]], Zanyi kokari in jawo mutane don mu inganta [[w:ha:|Hausa Wikipedia]]. :Thank you [[user:DonCamillo|DonCamillo]], I will try to draw more people to help develop this [[w:ha:|Hausa Wikipedia]]. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 17:47, 10 Satumba 2017 (UTC) ::Congratulations on your recent edits! I just wanted to ask if you had received my email from last week (there is a project in order to promote Wikipedia among Hausa speakers that I would like to talk you about), and if not, at which email address I could reach out to you. Thanks a lot, --[[User:DonCamillo|DonCamillo]] ([[User talk:DonCamillo|talk]]) 14:03, 3 Oktoba 2017 (UTC) :::Thanks Don. I have received it, and I will reply you there –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 21:23, 3 Oktoba 2017 (UTC) ::::I replied. [[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 12:48, 6 Oktoba 2017 (UTC) :Hello, iam jalamcy2023 by name iam also a participant of Wikipedia, I used to edits in wikis, so iam try to filled the data support form but it refuse to open for me I don't no what's wrong, and I need the data because I don't have money to buy, please I need your help, so that I should continue my work in Wikipedia, I really enjoyed working with you. Thanks [[User:Jalamcy2023|Jalamcy2023]] ([[User talk:Jalamcy2023|talk]]) 14:28, 12 Satumba 2023 (UTC) == Help == I am Hausa by tribe,and I am interested to start editing and creating some page need ur help don Camilo and ammar,sorry nt gud in speaking English. [[User:Slmdbr|Slmdbr]] ([[User talk:Slmdbr|talk]]) 15:20, 21 Oktoba 2017 (UTC) ==Translation of three sentences== Dear Ammarpad, I hope this finds you well. [[User:Doc James|Doc James]] posted this request on my talk page, but sadly my Hausa is too weak to translate it correctly. Maybe you will be able to help him? Thanks a lot, kind regards, --[[User:DonCamillo|DonCamillo]] ([[User talk:DonCamillo|talk]]) 12:29, 8 Faburairu 2018 (UTC) We are working on an offline distribution system for Wikipedia in Nigeria. Am needing help with the translation of the three sentences '''[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Internet-in-a-Box/Nigeria#Hausa here]'''. Wondering if you can help. Thanks [[User:Doc James|Doc James]] ([[User talk:Doc James|talk]]) 11:48, 8 Faburairu 2018 (UTC) *@Doc James and DonCamillo. I have translated it. I will also send someone to translate the Igbo, if no one did. Thank you all. [[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 00:01, 15 Faburairu 2018 (UTC) :Thanks a lot! :) --[[User:DonCamillo|DonCamillo]] ([[User talk:DonCamillo|talk]]) 11:10, 5 Maris 2018 (UTC) == Facebook page == Dear Ammar, Just to mention that I have just created a Facebook page regarding the Hausa Wikipedia, in order to get more interest from Hausa-speaking people: you're welcome if you want to like it or share it with your friends: [https://www.facebook.com/HausaWikipedia/ Hausa Wikipedia] Thanks a lot, Kind regards, --[[User:DonCamillo|DonCamillo]] ([[User talk:DonCamillo|talk]]) 11:10, 5 Maris 2018 (UTC) :Thanks a lot. I have seen it, will share too. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 14:48, 8 Maris 2018 (UTC) == Neman Admin == Barka dai Mr.Ammarpad, Ina da matukar sha'awa sosai na taimaka a wannan shafin na hausa Wikipedia. Ni Bahaushe ne kuma ina gane Turanci, na fassara makaloli da dama daga Turanci Zuwa Hausa sabo da haka ne nake nema wannan shafin ya bani Admin domin karin tallafawa sosai. Nagode [[Abubakar A Gwanki]] :[[User:Abubakar A Gwanki]] Naji dadin kasancewar ka bahaushe anan. Kasan babu Hausawa da yawa da zamu gina shi. Amma akwai shirye-shiryen da akeyi na farfado da it's. A wane gari kake zaune? –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 21:27, 11 Mayu 2018 (UTC) ::Mr.Ammarpad ina zaune ne a kauyen [[Gwanki]] na karamar hukumar [[Bagwai]] a jihar [[Kano]] Najeriya. [[User:Abubakar A Gwanki|Abubakar A Gwanki]]. :::OK, da kwai shirin taro na musamman da ake fatan yi a Kano domin fadada wannan Wikipedia da kuma sawa dalibai suyi rubuta a nan, zan nemeka in sha Allah. Kuma idan ka gama rubuta bayani a shafin tattaunawa (kamar nan da muke magana) kawai ka rubuta (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>) guda hudu, banda bracket din, to zaka ga sunan ka, da kwanan wata, ya fito da kanshi. Kamar yadda zaka ga nawa a kasa. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 14:05, 12 Mayu 2018 (UTC) == [[AuwalAzare]] == This page can be deleted (again), apparently. [[User:PlyrStar93|PlyrStar93]] ([[User talk:PlyrStar93|talk]]) 04:16, 16 Mayu 2018 (UTC) :[[User:PlyrStar93|PlyStar93]]. Thanks. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 04:47, 16 Mayu 2018 (UTC) == Auwal Azare == Barla dai malam Ammarpad, Wanda ya kirkiri wannan makalar ta '''Auwal Azare''' ya tubtubeni game da yadda za'ayi unblocking nashi. Idan da yadda za'ayi to a taimaka. Nagode AAgwanki 16:16, 19 Mayu 2018 (UTC) :@[[User:Abubakar A Gwanki|Gwanki]] Bani na yi blocking din shi ba. Daga can babban shafin [[Special:CentralAuth/Auwall|Meta da Wikifidiya ta Truranci]] akayi blocking din shi. Sannn '''ka daina kirkirar article akan shi''', ci gaba da yin hakan za iya ja yayi blocking dinka. Wikipedia ba wurin talla bane, kuma ba kowa ake rubuta ma tarihi ba sai sannanun mutane na hakika irin yan siyasa da makamantansu. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 13:30, 21 Mayu 2018 (UTC) == help == Please how to add reference and make template on Hausa articles. It's hard to me. [[User:Abubakar A Gwanki|AAGWANKI]] ([[User talk:Abubakar A Gwanki|talk]]) 07:39, 22 Mayu 2018 (UTC) :@[[User:Abubakar A Gwanki]]: Yanzu babu template din anan sai an dauko su daga Wikipedia ta turanci. Amma idan kana son ka fiddo reference kawai kasa '''<nowiki><ref> .......</ref> </nowiki>''' a karshen bayanin zaka ga reference din ya fito a kasa kamar haka (<ref>misali</ref>). Inda ka ga nasa dash (....) sai ka sa link din bayanin wato kamar BBC Hausa. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 13:54, 25 Mayu 2018 (UTC) == Databox == Hi Ammar, Well done on the translation of technical messages, I had started this a long time ago but you are way better than me at this! By the way, I have started to translate Wikidata properties into Hausa. This can be useful because since recently there is a new tool called Databox: it allows, with very simple code, to have an infobox with a lot of useful information on many articles: I have created [[Napoleon]] to give an example. As you can see all the properties are not translated yet into Hausa. It can enable us to create thousands of stubs here on the Hausa Wikipedia (or just add an infobox to the existing articles). I have put some on [[User:DonCamillo|my userpage]], you can translate them here if you want, or translate them directly on Wikidata if you are familiar with the "labels" system. Have a great day! Best regards, --[[User:DonCamillo|DonCamillo]] ([[User talk:DonCamillo|talk]]) 06:11, 9 Yuni 2018 (UTC) :You're welcome {{@|DonCamillo}}, I will look into them and do the appropriate thing. By the way, I am working on new, more intuitive [[Wikipedia:Sabon babban shafi|main page here]], you can have a look and tweak as deem fit. You'll find some templates like [[Template:Articles needed|this]] and [[Template:Invite|this]] are transcluded, so they can be edited independent of main page. Thanks. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 19:12, 9 Yuni 2018 (UTC) == Reason for deletion of the article Abubakar A Gwanki == I have created many articles here in Hausa language Wikipedia, I didn't see anyone deleted but only one article of "Abubakar A Gwanki" why is being deleted? Nasan Dai dukkan makalolin da na kirkira shima kamar sauran ne amma kuma sai shi kadai ne naga ka goge shi. __ [[User:Abubakar A Gwanki|AAGWANKI]] ([[User talk:Abubakar A Gwanki|talk]]) 17:14, 11 Yuni 2018 (UTC) :{{@|Abubakar A Gwanki}} Ina so in tabbatar ma abun da kake yi a Hausa Wikipedia kana kokari, kuma ina fatan ka ida fahimtar ta baki daya. Na dauki number wayarka zan neme ka mu tattauna abubuwa da dama. Amma ka daina kirkirar mukala akanka ko wani abokinka. Mukalar insakulofidiya ana rubuta ta ne kawai akan mutane fitatattu na gaskiya. Shiya sa kaga aka goge [[:en:Abubakar A Gwanki|abunda ka rubuta a Wikipedia ta turanci]]. Na gode. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 17:38, 11 Yuni 2018 (UTC) == Translation request == Hello! May I ask you for a translation of the phrase '''Automatic refresh''' into {{#language:ha}}? Thanks [[User:-XQV-|-XQV-]] ([[User talk:-XQV-|talk]]) 18:23, 20 ga Yuni, 2018 (UTC) :Will do that on translatewiki –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 18:05, 26 ga Yuni, 2018 (UTC) ::It is not a MediaWiki message; just my own request. [[User:-XQV-|-XQV-]] ([[User talk:-XQV-|talk]]) 19:43, 27 ga Yuni, 2018 (UTC) == Neman taimako Daga Abdulmalik mansur sharif == Assalamu alaikum Ammarpad, Sunana abdulmalik mansur sharif a garin kano nake ni dalibi ne maison bincike, karance-karance da kuma rubutu musamman sanin tarihi dan Allah inaso a bani dama kuma asakani a hanya nayi wasu rubutun ta yadda zan anfanar da al'ummar hausawa, nadanyi wani Karin bayani akan tarihi Michael Jackson zaku iya dubawa Ku gani Dan Allah. Ina data zaku taimakeni. :Sannu da zuwa {{@|Ameer Maleek}} na duba gyaran da kayi kuma nayi farin ciki. A halin yanzu da kwai hausawa yan kadan a shafin, ina fatan zaka ci gaba da ziyartar shi lokaci lokaci. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 17:56, 7 ga Yuli, 2018 (UTC) == Godiya == Na gode in Allah ya yarda zanci gaba da bada gudun mowa Dari bisa dari kuma Dan idan kuna da wata kungiya inaso nazama member saboda na kara kwarewa Na kuma samu Karin ilimi da kuma hanyar da zan inganta rubuce rubuce Na. Na gode :{{@|Ameer Maleek}} OK, ka ban numbarka ta waya, zan neme ka. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 17:46, 13 ga Yuli, 2018 (UTC) aslm wai wannan malamin yana ina azaune Lamba: 08160956607 Gari: kano Nigeria == [[Kira]] == Hi Ammarpad, sorry for writing in English. An IP has blanked the page above, do you think it was correct? If it was we can delete it. Regards [[User:DARIO SEVERI|DARIO SEVERI]] ([[User talk:DARIO SEVERI|talk]]) 05:58, 15 ga Augusta, 2018 (UTC) :Hi {{@|DARIO SEVERI}} I have restored it and will develop it very soon. It is useful stub about [[:en:Blacsmith|Blacksmithing]]. Thank you. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 06:39, 15 ga Augusta, 2018 (UTC) == David oyedepo == Wanene crista == WAM 2018 == Salam Ammarpad, Bansan ko zaka shiga cikin wannan gasar ba, amma idan kanada sha'awa zaka iya shiga, ka duba Karin bayani anan [[Wikipedia:Watan Yan'Asiya]]. Nagode. [[User:The Living love|The Living love]] ([[User talk:The Living love|talk]]) 21:24, 8 Nuwamba, 2018 (UTC) == Hausa Wikimedians User Group == Hello! [[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] I would like to let you know that I have started our Hausa editors community user group [[meta:Hausa Wikimedians User Group|Hausa Wikimedians User Group]] in order to have a connected and collaborative working environment, that would serve as a primary place for co-ordinating of activities that would support us all in our editing and order related endeavors to improve and make quality contents of the Wikimedia projects. [[User:The Living love|The Living love]] ([[User talk:The Living love|talk]]) 12:39, 13 ga Janairu, 2019 (UTC) :Thanks {{@|The Living love}}, I will take a look. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 14:26, 13 ga Janairu, 2019 (UTC) Hello {{@|Ammarpad}}, I'm sorry for contacting you here lately but I've sent you a message through WhatsApp earlier. I've spoken with {{@|DonCamillo}} regarding the application for recognition of our UG Hausa Wikimedians as I earlier told you about, and he's given 100% support for it. I hope to hear from you after seeing my messages. Thanks [[User:The Living love|The Living love]] ([[User talk:The Living love|talk]]) 14:32, 8 ga Faburairu, 2019 (UTC) :Hello [[user:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]], as I told you, the [[meta:Hausa Wikimedians User Group|Hausa Wikimedians User Group]] is already on recognition process with the affiliation Committee of the '''WMF''', but the changes you've made just recently has changed everything in the application form we sent, and this has affected the mission which is very crucial. Please let us adhere to the previous name and design of the group. I would also start a discussion on the home page of the project on how we can select boards and audit committee for the group. As founding members I, you and [[user:DonCamillo|DonCamillo]]'s email were all sent to the AffCom committee and I hope they would certainly contact you. If permitted I can undo all the changes or you do it yourself, and if otherwise please let me know. Thanks -[[User:The Living love|The Living love]] ([[User talk:The Living love|talk]]) 02:55, 13 ga Maris, 2019 (UTC) ::Zanyi reply ta WhatsApp. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 18:35, 14 ga Maris, 2019 (UTC) :Slm [[user:Ammarpad|Ammar]] na maka magana ta whatsapp da email, dangane da message din da AffCom suka dawo dashi. Yanzu bansan me zaka ce ba.[[User:The Living love|The Living love]] ([[User talk:The Living love|talk]]) 14:28, 7 ga Yuli, 2019 (UTC) ::Nayi reply. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 10:49, 8 ga Yuli, 2019 (UTC) == Moustapha == Hakananna sai nayi nazari == I-mel == Sannu! Na turo maka sakon I-mel. Na gode. [[User:Engr Muhammad Khamis|Engr Muhammad Khamis]] ([[User talk:Engr Muhammad Khamis|talk]]) 09:11, 10 ga Faburairu, 2019 (UTC) narda == Gyara == Barka da rana! Ina son Na ankarar da admins wata matsala da na gano ta a wannan shafin. Matsalar kuwa itace mu masu amfani da wayoyi wajen editing wannan shafin baya bude mana a Babban Shafi (desktop version), Idan da mai yiwuwa to a gyara. - [[User:Abubakar A Gwanki|Abubakar A Gwanki]] ([[User talk:Abubakar A Gwanki|talk]]) 11:56, 4 ga Maris, 2019 (UTC) :{{@|Abubakar A Gwanki}} OK, ina ganin wannan haka site din yake ne. Yanzu kaga nima ina kan wayar hannu ne, in kana son komawa desktop version, saidai ka latsa "Babban shafi" da kanka, zaka ga wurin a can kasan kowane shafi. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 12:08, 4 ga Maris, 2019 (UTC) == gidanhaki == Gidanhaki dai shiya ce mai din bin tarifi ta kafune tun da zuwan shehu uthaman bin fodiyo allah shi yarda dashi izuwa kawo yanzu sai dai karin suna datakeyi a sassa daban daban da fannin muhammad sani gidanhaki Slm ammarpad dan allah inaso na kirkiri shafuka na hausa Assalam == Kwankwaso,s wife == Kwankwaso,s wife == Various requests == Hello, Could you please: *Replace the [[MediaWiki:Common.css|Hausa wiki css]] with the [[:en:MediaWiki:Common.css|english wiki css]]. It fixes, amongst others, the position of the infoboxes. *Delete these two pages: [[Template:Wikibase]], [[Module:Wikibase]]. *Edit these localization pages (Just modify the values on the right hand side): **[[Template:Infobox biography/localize]]. **[[Template:Infobox biography/sport/basketball/localize]]. **[[Template:Infobox biography/sport/football/localize]]. **[[Template:Infobox biography/sport/tennis/localize]]. Thanks. [[User:Sami At Ferḥat|Sami At Ferḥat]] ([[User talk:Sami At Ferḥat|talk]]) 18:23, 15 Mayu 2019 (UTC) == Alijos A Shehu == Sunan DUNiYA == Ibrahim kabiru gagarawa == Ina Neman yadda zan bude account na Wikipedia :{{@| 197.210.47.39}} Ka shiga [[Special:CreateAccount]]. Ko kuma ka tura man sunanka da email ta email dina <code>ammar@wikimedia.org.ng</code>. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 17:04, 13 ga Yuni, 2019 (UTC) == Muhamadu == Salm YA AKEBUDE EMAIL == yusuf == Ibrahim == sa idu musa == riji yan gwamgwam jido dawakin kudu kano == sa idu musa rijiya gwamgwam jido dawakin kudu IP == Yayi daidai kobaiyiba awayar mindakai == 88465702 == Kaka ari == layisantara == lawal ninazauna awurare dabandaba naungowa natashi dagabayan garin daura sunwajan gari shadam bu == Aslm barkan'mu da warhaka ina mana patan alkhairi baki daya yan uwana musilmai == Ina godiya ga allah daya bamu damar yadda damu kasance atare da juna == babani == 112202 == Translation == I want to know if I can translate a Wikipedia article from 'English Wikipedia' to 'Hausa Wikipedia'. If yes, I want to know more about it. Thanks. == ibraheem Adamu gumel jigawa state == barkanku DA fatan kuna lafeeya I want be among members of this organization wannni yafara shugaban kasa a nejire == Neman taimako == Barkanku da aiki, ni sunana ABDULMALIK MANSUR ina zaune a garin kano nayi rijista da wannan shafi ne domin nima na bada gudunmowa. Dan Allah ina bukatar shawarwarinku da kuma taimakon ku na gode. Godiya [[User:Maliky|Maliky]] ([[User talk:Maliky|talk]]) 17:25, 13 ga Augusta, 2020 (UTC) :Yawwa {{@|Maliky}} Barka da zuwa, kamar dame dame kake bukatar ka sani? –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 22:31, 16 ga Augusta, 2020 (UTC) Kamar yadda ake yin table da kuma saka hoto. [[User:Maliky|Maliky]] ([[User talk:Maliky|talk]]) 11:41, 14 Satumba 2020 (UTC) == Muhammad Huwaidahu sufi == Facebook Wkslm lafiya kalau == 0852 == Aa == Aliyu iliyasu dangada == Nima inaso nabada gudummawa sosai Dan kara bunkasa yaren hausa innasamu damar hakan dukda ba sosai nake fashintar turanciba amma ina ganeshi misali wasu kalmomi da zamuso agyagygyara kuma muna munna da akasamar da wannan shafin muna jinjina maka matuka very good, [[Special:Contributions/105.112.25.48|105.112.25.48]] 10:00, 7 Oktoba 2020 (UTC) :Yawwa yayi kyau, kuma muna maraba daku. Zaka iya shiga group dinmu na WhatsApp domin ci gaba da tattaunawa da kuma sanin shirye shiryen mu. Kuma ya kamata ka [[Special:CreateAccount|kirkiri sabon account]] don ka samu username na dindindin. Kana iya sake tambaya na idan kana neman karin bayani. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 10:09, 7 Oktoba 2020 (UTC) == ismail == Labaran duniya == Abdullahi dahiru odo ogun == Barkan muda warhaka! :Yawwa. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 11:58, 31 ga Janairu, 2021 (UTC) == na kirkira mukala == Ya zan sanya reference ::Ka duba shafinka na tattaunawa na anyi maka bayanin hakan. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 14:08, 16 ga Faburairu, 2021 (UTC) == From == Ghy == J k musa yaro == Son annabi shine so har abada shine son da mutum zai rika ya amfanar dashi duniya da lahira Allah kasa mudace allah kasamu cekinyan tatu bayin ka Asslm dan Allah ina da tambaya idan kana kusa == mansir isah == unguwar.magaji. kakngi.giwa.area.Kaduna.state Crawle == aminuidris0808811 == aminuiris == Auwal dalladi kargi == An haifi auwal a ranar 01/06/2000 == Databox == Asslm. Ammar ya ake sanya databox. Na yi translation na [[Jami'ar Jos]] amman daga baya naga '''Uncle bash''' ya saka databox. [[User:BnHamid|BnHamid]] ([[User talk:BnHamid|talk]]) 08:38, 11 Nuwamba, 2022 (UTC) :@[[User:BnHamid|BnHamid]], Za ka rubuta <nowiki>{{databox}}</nowiki> ne a farkon article din. Har da brackets (braces) din. Daga nan zaka ga information din ya fito. A wani article din kuma ba zaka gani ba, amma duk daya ne. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 12:04, 11 Nuwamba, 2022 (UTC) ::@[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]], na saka ma [[Jami'ar Jihar Kaduna]] yayi. [[User:BnHamid|BnHamid]] ([[User talk:BnHamid|talk]]) 16:34, 11 Nuwamba, 2022 (UTC) ==Neman shawara== Masha Allah Gaskiya naji dadi sosai kasancewar ansamu mai kula da page na Wikipedia da Hausa hakan ba qaramin cigaba ne ba ace Yaren Hausa yasamu irin wannan daukaka ta hanyar Mr.Ammarpad. Mr. Ammarpad ina jinjina a gareka,Allah yaqara daukaka,yayimaka jagora adukan lamurranka. A qarshe ina neman shawarar ka akan yadda za,ayi nabudawa garina Salame Wikipedia,Kasancewar Salame tsohon garine mai dinbin tarihi a daular Usmaniyya Wanda shine mahaifar Sheik Abdulqadir bn Mustafa alturud Salame. Daga Kabiru Aliyu Salame,Gwadabawa local government,Sokoto state,Nigeria. [[User:Kabir salame|Kabir salame]] ([[User talk:Kabir salame|talk]]) 18:54, 11 Nuwamba, 2022 (UTC) :Barka da zuwa Malam Kabir, muna farin ciki da zuwanka. :Ka duba tutorial din mu: [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]] akwai bayani sosae akan yadda zaka yi gyara da ƙirƙira sabbin muƙaloli a Wikipedia. :Akwai kuma bayani na musamman a wannan shafin shima: [[Wikipedia:Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 17:46, 14 Nuwamba, 2022 (UTC) <u>ja layi</u> COMMUNIYT SYSTERM ALL THE USE VALU TRY [[Special:Contributions/197.210.70.246|197.210.70.246]] 23:09, 7 Disamba 2022 (UTC) == Jami u lawal == Allah yajikan zulaihatu == Databox == Barka da safe, Ammar, Ina fata kana lafiya. Congratulations on the work you are doing to add "databox" to articles where it was missing! I have been doing that manually for a long time but you have very clearly found a faster way to do it. :) Could you tell me which tool you are using? Nagode sosai, –[[User:DonCamillo|DonCamillo]] ([[User talk:DonCamillo|talk]]) 07:00, 22 ga Faburairu, 2023 (UTC) :Barka da yau {{@|DonCamillo|p=}} and sannu da ƙoƙari. Yes yana da wahala manually and can be quite slow. Ina amfani ne da custom PHP code ta hanyar [https://ha.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=help&modules=edit module na editing], ba tool bane dake a kan wiki ba. Nagode. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 21:00, 22 ga Faburairu, 2023 (UTC) == Saifillahi Abdullahi mlf == Kaura ne katsina SANI ABAKAR S D P SOKOTO WAMAKKO LG RUGGAR MONDE AR == Abia == Anyinasarar kama dantaaddaa'ngelzarma'jihar yobe karamunhukumar fune == ILIYASU UMAR KANYA BABBA JIGAWA == ILIYASU UMAR KANYA BABBA JIGAWA == FUNAKAA == FUNAKAA agaskiya inada tambaya to kamar ita wannan kasar ta jamhoriyar nijar wane laifine muhammadu bazoum yake dashi har sukan yimasa juyi mulki == Gaisuwa == Na gode kwarai,muna alfahari daku wurin nuna kulawa akan mu, Godiya nake [[User:El-Abdallaah|El-Abdallaah]] ([[User talk:El-Abdallaah|talk]]) 07:59, 31 ga Augusta, 2023 (UTC) :Nagode, @[[User:El-Abdallaah|El-Abdallaah]]. Barka da ƙoƙari. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 22:53, 1 Satumba 2023 (UTC) == Usman abubakar == Ita rayuwa wace abace da Allah madau kakin sarki yatsa ramana ita == ci kekken sunan saiyadina abubakar == Ci kekken sunan saiyadina abubakar [[Special:Contributions/105.112.235.123|105.112.235.123]] 15:56, 9 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC) == maganin daji == maganin daji [[Special:Contributions/2C0F:ECF0:661:3B00:784B:D816:34A7:3ED6|2C0F:ECF0:661:3B00:784B:D816:34A7:3ED6]] 20:01, 19 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC) == Ali musa == An haife shi Chida ga watan Oktoba 1986 cikin@ gari gidan kube @ dake jahar maradi [[Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism]] [[Special:Contributions/41.254.48.53|41.254.48.53]] 21:45, 24 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC) == Rigar kusa == "Rigar kusa" kauye ne dake karamar hukumar musawa katsina state. Rigar kusa kauye ne mai dauke dauke da yawa matasa da kuma dattawa masana sunce rigar kusa tsohon gari ne. Rigarkusa kauyika da dama yahada da yar kiya,sabongida slow,bambama da sauransu. Tana wutar nantarki da asibiti da makaranta primary da nasury. == Ghana Boy 055 == Chapiou @ [[Special:Contributions/154.160.9.24|154.160.9.24]] 12:09, 21 ga Maris, 2024 (UTC) == ALIYO == BORNO == Namespaces == Hi! You [https://ha.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia%3A%C6%98ofan_al%27umma&diff=213527&oldid=181184 emptied] the page "Wikipedia:Ƙofan al'umma" some time ago. There was a section I added there with a question about namespace names. It can be seen here in an old revision: [https://ha.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:%C6%98ofan_al%27umma&oldid=181178#Namespaces You know the Hausa language, and you are also very experienced with MediaWiki. Can you please check the table and tell me whether the proposed names are good? Thanks! [[User:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[User talk:Amire80|talk]]) 18:30, 11 ga Afirilu, 2024 (UTC) :I made a new section about this here: [[Wikipedia:Kofan al'umma#Namespace name translations]]. [[User:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[User talk:Amire80|talk]]) 20:01, 12 ga Afirilu, 2024 (UTC) == Shehu gibirima == Shehu gibirima [[Musamman:Contributions/102.91.4.40|102.91.4.40]] 19:03, 24 ga Yuni, 2024 (UTC) == Salisu garba == Assalamu alaikum inason tan baya kozan shiwaka tana da sinada rin ciwon tayi pot == Shin taya gobarar greenhouse katsina ta faru == Shin taya gobarar greenhouse katsina ta faru [[Musamman:Contributions/105.112.117.72|105.112.117.72]] 13:47, 28 ga Augusta, 2024 (UTC) == ABDULRAHMAN HARUNA == KADUNA == Bbca == A == HAUSA RIGAR SILKE == DUK WANI ABU DA YA SHAFI INGANTA HARSHEN HAUSA DA HAƁAKATA [[User:ƊANDOGO BUNGUƊU|ƊANDOGO BUNGUƊU]] ([[User talk:ƊANDOGO BUNGUƊU|talk]]) 15:05, 2 ga Maris, 2025 (UTC) == shaaibu == JIGAWA == SHEHU USMANU == GADA BUNGUDU ZAMFARA NIGERIA == AmmarBot for Swahili Wikipedia == Hello brother, I hope you are doing great after the series of sessions at Wikimania. I also hope you've returned safely to your home country. I was just asking about the bot issue which I shared with you back in Nairobi. Any progress so far? [[User:Muddyb|Muddyb]] ([[User talk:Muddyb|talk]]) 12:36, 15 ga Augusta, 2025 (UTC) :Hello @[[User:Muddyb|Muddyb]], I am fine. I hope you reached home safely too. :I have set up the code now, I just need the translated text. Please share the welcome text. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 17:22, 16 ga Augusta, 2025 (UTC) ::Hello back @[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]]. I have replied to the email. [[User:Muddyb|Muddyb]] ([[User talk:Muddyb|talk]]) 17:46, 17 ga Augusta, 2025 (UTC) == 7 == uyt [[Musamman:Contributions/&#126;2025-29458-90|&#126;2025-29458-90]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&#126;2025-29458-90|talk]]) 17:51, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Taba nono na mace == Lawan abdulhamid == Lawan abdulhamid kano MIYzansa == Nakasa yin rijista == Nakasa yin rajista miyasane == SLM == SLM == Isma.il.abdul.yar.runfa == 08142754552 Aslm da farko sunana Abdul'aziz Anas ni ina yankin malumfashi ne '''mazaunin yakinkin karamar hukumar malumfashi garin YABA taken wanna rubutu da nakeyi shine ina da burin naga na wallafar da wani littafi Wanda na rubuta na da mashi suna rayuwar mu a yau .Wannan shine taken Wannan rubutu''' [[Musamman:Contributions/&#126;2026-11554-74|&#126;2026-11554-74]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&#126;2026-11554-74|talk]]) 13:02, 21 ga Faburairu, 2026 (UTC) == Suleman yakubu yargaba alhaji == suleman yakubu yargaba alhaji [[Musamman:Contributions/&#126;2026-11940-32|&#126;2026-11940-32]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&#126;2026-11940-32|talk]]) 22:34, 22 ga Faburairu, 2026 (UTC) == Dodik == imomaliyev [[Musamman:Contributions/&#126;2026-12770-62|&#126;2026-12770-62]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&#126;2026-12770-62|talk]]) 13:18, 26 ga Faburairu, 2026 (UTC) == Fulani daneji == danejawa [[Musamman:Contributions/&#126;2026-12974-74|&#126;2026-12974-74]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&#126;2026-12974-74|talk]]) 22:35, 27 ga Faburairu, 2026 (UTC) == Tarihin fulani daneji == danejawa [[Musamman:Contributions/&#126;2026-12974-74|&#126;2026-12974-74]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&#126;2026-12974-74|talk]]) 22:36, 27 ga Faburairu, 2026 (UTC) == NURA FADA MUHAMMED == assalama alaikum waramatullah ta alawabar katuhum dafar kodai sunana NURA FADA MUHAMMED MUBI kemikagai suwaga shugabannin kasarmu najeriya dakuma sauran gomnonin jahohin dake afadin najeriya tareda rokon allah subahanahu wata alamadaukakin yabawa shugaban kasar nigeria nisan kona da yawan nasarar wajenganin anshimma wannan zaben dayatinkaromu nashekara ta 2027 alfarman annabi tareda rokonku dan allah dan annabin allah idon allah yasa wanan sakon taje indanake keutata zato taje todan allah kuyikokarin nemoni a number tawa don da sauran bayanin ne al,umar najeriya 07025450283, inajiranku == inason zuwa gambiya == neman aure zasu bani [[Musamman:Contributions/&#126;2026-13669-78|&#126;2026-13669-78]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&#126;2026-13669-78|talk]]) 02:28, 3 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC) == Nazifi == yes [[Musamman:Contributions/&#126;2026-13801-80|&#126;2026-13801-80]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&#126;2026-13801-80|talk]]) 16:48, 3 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC) == Usmanisah01234@gmail.com == Usmanu [[Musamman:Contributions/&#126;2026-14055-73|&#126;2026-14055-73]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&#126;2026-14055-73|talk]]) 20:11, 4 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC) == AISHA ABDULLAHI == assalama alaikum mutanen wikipedia hausa == Abdul Aziz == Ssdf [[Musamman:Contributions/&#126;2026-14413-94|&#126;2026-14413-94]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&#126;2026-14413-94|talk]]) 07:21, 6 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC) == YAHAYA MUSA == 6/3/2026 Ni atemakeni bandasanaa == Isah Abubakar == kaduna steste nigeria inaneman temaku kudi [[Musamman:Contributions/&#126;2026-14783-76|&#126;2026-14783-76]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&#126;2026-14783-76|talk]]) 05:47, 8 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC) == Help == Please help me improve [[Gaza genocide|this]] article I recently created; my Hausa language skills are poor. Also, please add [[:en:Gaza_genocide|this]] article to the Hausa Wikipedia as it is important. Thank you. [[User:جودت|جودت]] ([[User talk:جودت|talk]]) 15:48, 8 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC) == Tsakanin sani jingir da Bala lau waye shugaban izalah == Tsakanin sani jingir da Bala lau waye shugaban izalah [[Musamman:Contributions/&#126;2026-14911-34|&#126;2026-14911-34]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&#126;2026-14911-34|talk]]) 18:45, 8 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC) == INASONASHIGA == WALLAHI == Alkasim == alkasim [[Musamman:Contributions/&#126;2026-15496-73|&#126;2026-15496-73]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&#126;2026-15496-73|talk]]) 13:39, 11 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC) == Alkasim == alkasim [[Musamman:Contributions/&#126;2026-15496-73|&#126;2026-15496-73]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&#126;2026-15496-73|talk]]) 13:40, 11 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC) Jahan dosso partama nawa ne Garett [[Musamman:Contributions/&#126;2026-15494-30|&#126;2026-15494-30]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&#126;2026-15494-30|talk]]) 23:24, 11 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC) == Auwalu mansur gaya == A garin gaya na bada tallafin Ramadan a Kofar gidan Sarkin garin Wanda ya hada da shinkafa da wake da ruwan Leda da lemon fata == Block review == Hi! Could I ask for your review of the block on [[Musamman:Contributions/Adamu ab|Adamu ab]] placed by a global sysop roughly a year ago? If you do not think their contributions necessitate it, I'd recommend removing the block. The short version on my end is that [[Special:CentralAuth/Adamu ab|Adamu ab]] created a new account, [[Special:CentralAuth/Adamu mc|Adamu mc]], after their account was blocked and subsequently locked. I identified this yesterday and globally blocked the new account. However, reviewing their edits, I don't think they're actually connected to AhmedMustafaaaa. If their contributions to this wiki do not warrant a block, removing their previous account's block would be useful. Thanks for your time, and let me know if I should send this request elsewhere. Best, [[User:Vermont|Vermont]] ([[User talk:Vermont|talk]]) 18:40, 16 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC) :Hi @[[User:Vermont|Vermont]], I am not very familiar with this user, but from looking at the accounts involved, I agree they are the least likely to be AhmedMustafaaaa. Although [[User:Adamu ab|Adamu ab]] appears to be independently blocked on Wikidata and MediaWiki.org for unrelated reasons, their actions here on this wiki are quite acceptable and do not warrant a block. :I am fine with removing the block from the older account. However, it is worth noting that they created Adamu_ab about a month before the first account was blocked. They then immediately switched to the second account on the day the first was blocked. They need to stick to a single account and appeal blocks from there. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 10:33, 18 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC) ::@[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]]: Indeed - part of a global unblock for them would be a commitment to using a single account, and the old account will likely remain locked. Thanks for looking into this. [[User:Vermont|Vermont]] ([[User talk:Vermont|talk]]) 14:49, 18 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC) == Jimi boi gk == Washer boi == (Ibrahim bako) == Bissimillahi rahamani rahim == Zanshuga == masha Allah [[Musamman:Contributions/&#126;2026-17709-67|&#126;2026-17709-67]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&#126;2026-17709-67|talk]]) 20:02, 21 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC) @[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] [[Musamman:Contributions/&#126;2026-17806-26|&#126;2026-17806-26]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&#126;2026-17806-26|talk]]) 22:04, 21 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC) == I need to edit == yusuf bin shaik [[Musamman:Contributions/&#126;2026-18422-17|&#126;2026-18422-17]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&#126;2026-18422-17|talk]]) 01:37, 25 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC) == Dari daya == Litafi dari daya == Gali == Gufanar da mal. Nasir el rufa'i a gabar kotu == ALI ISA JC NAWA == CHAM == Sai anjima == sai anjima [[Musamman:Contributions/&#126;2026-19045-00|&#126;2026-19045-00]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&#126;2026-19045-00|talk]]) 11:00, 27 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC) == xxwxx == pap pu wwxx [[Musamman:Contributions/&#126;2026-19636-09|&#126;2026-19636-09]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&#126;2026-19636-09|talk]]) 18:16, 29 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC) == Masaudu == Ina son koyon NAHAWU [[Musamman:Contributions/&#126;2026-20180-81|&#126;2026-20180-81]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&#126;2026-20180-81|talk]]) 10:05, 1 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) == Ina bukatar taimakonku == Ina bukatar taimakonku [[Musamman:Contributions/&#126;2026-20156-98|&#126;2026-20156-98]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&#126;2026-20156-98|talk]]) 12:50, 1 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) == Menene amfanin na'a na'a. == Menene amfanin na'a na'a. [[Musamman:Contributions/&#126;2026-20503-90|&#126;2026-20503-90]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&#126;2026-20503-90|talk]]) 01:46, 3 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) == Learning physics topics == Explain why ph [[Musamman:Contributions/&#126;2026-20678-19|&#126;2026-20678-19]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&#126;2026-20678-19|talk]]) 08:30, 4 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) == ١٢٣٤٥ == روحاني [[Musamman:Contributions/&#126;2026-20875-04|&#126;2026-20875-04]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&#126;2026-20875-04|talk]]) 15:56, 4 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) == Chrome == روحاني [[Musamman:Contributions/&#126;2026-20860-61|&#126;2026-20860-61]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&#126;2026-20860-61|talk]]) 16:09, 4 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) == Inason shiga kasara == yanada sauki kokuma yabinyake Kuma yakudian kasar suke [[Musamman:Contributions/&#126;2026-21619-45|&#126;2026-21619-45]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&#126;2026-21619-45|talk]]) 15:43, 7 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) == Fty == Fg [[Musamman:Contributions/&#126;2026-21613-47|&#126;2026-21613-47]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&#126;2026-21613-47|talk]]) 04:11, 8 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) == Alikirashi45 == alikirashi [[Musamman:Contributions/&#126;2026-21759-98|&#126;2026-21759-98]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&#126;2026-21759-98|talk]]) 11:05, 8 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) == Alikirashi45 == alikirashi [[Musamman:Contributions/&#126;2026-21759-98|&#126;2026-21759-98]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&#126;2026-21759-98|talk]]) 11:06, 8 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) == Jibril auwal hamza == Inaso Na goge asusuna Na access bank Nada Wani asusuna Yaya zanyi domin Yin hakan == Usseni. Ibbirashim == 08133144879 [[Musamman:Contributions/&#126;2026-23155-49|&#126;2026-23155-49]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&#126;2026-23155-49|talk]]) 14:59, 14 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) == Correction == The image of the statue, is not of Tullio Moneta but that of his Uncle/Great uncle, Ernesto Theodore Moneta. Tullio lived in Johannesburg, South Africa, not Durban. Mike Hoare lived in the Durban area. Wikipedia is a popular site as a source of credible information. Please be certain of facts before posting information on people. Thank you. [[Musamman:Contributions/&#126;2026-23654-39|&#126;2026-23654-39]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&#126;2026-23654-39|talk]]) 17:00, 16 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) == Ahmad Rufai == Ahmad Rufai [[Musamman:Contributions/&#126;2026-23571-21|&#126;2026-23571-21]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&#126;2026-23571-21|talk]]) 23:36, 16 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) == Sutura == Sutura [[User:Ahamad roufaï|Ahamad roufaï]] ([[User talk:Ahamad roufaï|talk]]) 23:44, 16 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) == Wai dan Allah Da gaskene Akwai duniya Asama kamar wannan duniyar tamu == Wai dan Allah Da gaskene Akwai duniya Asama kamar wannan duniyar tamu [[Musamman:Contributions/&#126;2026-24499-81|&#126;2026-24499-81]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&#126;2026-24499-81|talk]]) 09:23, 22 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) == Misali kasa ko bishyu haka == Wai dan Allah Da gaskene Akwai duniya Asama kamar wannan duniyar tamu [[Musamman:Contributions/&#126;2026-24499-81|&#126;2026-24499-81]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&#126;2026-24499-81|talk]]) 09:24, 22 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) == Alhamdu lillah == masha Allah [[Musamman:Contributions/&#126;2026-24815-45|&#126;2026-24815-45]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&#126;2026-24815-45|talk]]) 16:13, 22 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) == Itaciyyar zamani == shin tayaya Zan Iya gabatar Da darasi Mai Anfani a wannan gida Dan cigaban Al,umma GABA daya . Zan so in Samu damar Hakan in sha Allah. [[Musamman:Contributions/&#126;2026-25442-87|&#126;2026-25442-87]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&#126;2026-25442-87|talk]]) 13:35, 26 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) == You may be an eligible candidate for the U4C election == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Greetings, The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] seeks candidates for the 2026 election. The U4C is the global committee responsible for overseeing enforcement of the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]]. Elections are held annually, if elected a committee member serves for two years. This year the U4C requires candidates to hold administrator rights on at least one wiki, which is why you are being contacted as you appear to hold this right. There are other requirements, such as candidates must be at least 18 years old and may not be employed by the Wikimedia Foundation or other related chapters and affiliates. You can find more information in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026#Call_for_Candidates|call for candidates on Meta-wiki]]. Additionally, the committee's working language is English; some ability to communicate in English is required. The election opens on 18 May, if you are eligible and interested you have until 10 May to submit your candidacy. There will week between for candidates to answer questions from the community. Voting takes place privately in [[m:Special:MyLanguage/SecurePoll|SecurePoll]], successful candidates must receive at least 60% support. More information is available on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|the 2026 Elections page]], including timelines and other candidacy information. If you read over the material and consider yourself qualified, please consider submitting your name to run for the committee. If you think someone else in your community might be interested and qualified, please encourage them to run. In partnership with the U4C -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 18:33, 28 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Keegan_(WMF)/test&oldid=30471754 --> == Inaso temako == Please please please temako [[Musamman:Contributions/&#126;2026-26771-95|&#126;2026-26771-95]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&#126;2026-26771-95|talk]]) 09:09, 2 Mayu 2026 (UTC) == Abdullahi rabiu == <big>barka da warhaka akwai bonos da akabani to Amma yakifita me matsalan ne</big> [[Musamman:Contributions/&#126;2026-26723-12|&#126;2026-26723-12]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&#126;2026-26723-12|talk]]) 09:53, 2 Mayu 2026 (UTC) == Imrana bello kirfi == allah ya zaunarmana da kasarmu najeria lafiya [[Musamman:Contributions/&#126;2026-26509-38|&#126;2026-26509-38]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&#126;2026-26509-38|talk]]) 13:49, 2 Mayu 2026 (UTC) == Imrana bello kirfi == allah ya zaunarmana da kasarmu najeria lafiya [[Musamman:Contributions/&#126;2026-26509-38|&#126;2026-26509-38]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&#126;2026-26509-38|talk]]) 13:52, 2 Mayu 2026 (UTC) == Dangote == Dangote [[Musamman:Contributions/&#126;2026-27105-69|&#126;2026-27105-69]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&#126;2026-27105-69|talk]]) 23:40, 4 Mayu 2026 (UTC) dfa166iimacp2cqgwd9bk004q312sum 0 6882 829761 583629 2026-05-04T23:41:21Z Abdullahi umar kankia 39416 #wiki4agile 829761 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}{{stbu}} [[File:London Skyline (125508655).jpeg|thumb|london skyline ]] '''Landan''' ko '''London:''' [lafazi :/lonedane/] shi ne babban, birnin ƙasar [[Birtaniya]] ne. A cikin birnin Landan akwai mutane {{formatnum:9787426}} a kidayar shekara ta 2011. An kuma gina birnin Landan a farkon ƙarni na ɗaya bayan haifuwan annabi Issa. [[Sadiq Khan]], shi ne shugaban London, daga zabensa a shekara ta 2016.<ref name="Mills2">{{Cite book |last=Mills |first=AD |title=Dictionary of London Place Names |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |year=2010 |page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=UWKcAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA152 152] |quote=Of course until relatively recent times the name London referred only to the City of London with even ''Westminster'' remaining a separate entity. But when the County of London was created in 1888, the name often came to be rather loosely used for this much larger area, which was also sometimes referred to as ''Greater London'' from about this date. However, in 1965 '''Greater London''' was newly defined as a much enlarged area.}}</ref> Asalin Kafuwa (Zamanin Romawa) An kafa London kusan shekara ta 43 AD lokacin da sojojin Roman Empire suka mamaye Biritaniya. Sun kira birnin Londinium, kuma ya zama cibiyar kasuwanci mai muhimmanci. Zamanin Tsakiyar Zamani (Medieval Era) Bayan rugujewar Romawa, London ya ci gaba da bunƙasa. Ya zama cibiyar siyasa da kasuwanci a ƙasar Ingila. Sarakuna suna mulki daga wannan birni, kuma ya zama cibiyar addini da gwamnati. Babban Gobara ta London A shekara ta 1666, an samu Great Fire of London. Gobarar ta lalata yawancin gine-ginen birnin, amma daga baya aka sake gina shi cikin tsari mai kyau. Zamanin Juyin Masana’antu A ƙarni na 18 zuwa na 19, London ya zama cibiyar juyin masana’antu. Ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan biranen duniya wajen kasuwanci, banki, da sufuri. Lokacin Yaƙin Duniya A lokacin World War II, London ya sha hare-haren bama-bamai daga Jamus (wanda ake kira Blitz). Duk da haka, mutanen London sun tsaya tsayin daka. London na Zamani A yau, London na ɗaya daga cikin manyan biranen duniya. Yana da muhimmanci a fannoni kamar: Kasuwanci da banki Ilimi da bincike Al’adu da yawon buɗe ido Muhimman Wurare a London Big Ben Buckingham Palace Tower Bridge British Museum Kammalawa London birni ne mai tsohon tarihi da ya haɗa tsohon zamani da na zamani. Daga ƙaramar cibiyar Romawa, ya zama ɗaya daga cikin mafi tasiri a duniya. ==Hotuna:== <gallery> File:London Montage L.jpg File:London-parliament2.jpg|Palace of Westminster File:Tower of London viewed from the River Thames.jpg|Tower of London File:Tower Bridge Open (6086268699).jpg|Tower Bridge File:Buckingham Palace, London - April 2009.jpg|Buckingham Palace File:St Paul's Cathedral, London, England - Jan 2010.jpg|St. Paul's Cathedral File:Westminster Abbey west front.jpg|Westminster Abbey File:British Museum from NE 2 (cropped).JPG|British Museum File:Victoria & Albert Museum Entrance, London, UK - Diliff.jpg|Victoria and Albert Museum File:Natural History Gallery.JPG|Natural History Museum File:Trafalgar Square, London 2 - Jun 2009.jpg|Trafalgar Square File:Galería Nacional, Londres, Inglaterra, 2014-08-07, DD 035.JPG|National Gallery File:PiccadillyCircusInTwilight.jpg|Piccadilly Circus File:UK Londen 20040713 18891.JPG|River Thames File:Leicester Square Odeon.jpg|Leicester Square File:London-Eye-2009.JPG|London Eye File:London MMB »007 River Thames and Canary Wharf.jpg|Canary Wharf File:The Shard from the Sky Garden 2015.jpg|The Shard File:Glowing Harrods (6576280087).jpg|Harrods File:Royal Naval College Greenwich view from the Thames.jpg|Greenwich File:Camden Lock Market Hall.jpg|Camden Town File:O2 Arena.jpg{{!}}[[:Category:The O2|The O2 File:Lancaster Gate tube.jpg|London Underground File:London United LT149 on Route 10, Oxford Street.jpg File:KOCIS Korea London Olympics TeamKorea 10 (7683501584).jpg </gallery> == Manazarta == {{DEFAULTSORT:Landan}} [[Category:Biranen Birtaniya]] qxyo5nlvw1hktl1r2ynsl9ijqksti12 0 7011 829757 758105 2026-05-04T23:34:53Z Abdullahi umar kankia 39416 #wiki4agile 829757 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Dr Adekunle Olayinka with President Bola Ahmed Tinubu GCFR as presidential-elect.jpg|thumb|Dr Adekunle olayinka with president bola Ahmed tinubu]] [[File:Asiwaju Bola Ahmed Tinubu (5980497975).jpg|thumb|Asiwaju bola Ahmed tinubu ]] [[Fayil:Foreign Secretary James Cleverly visits Nigeria - 53089034336.jpg|thumb|Bola Tinubu Da '''Foreign Secretary James Cleverly''']] [[Fayil:Asiwaju Bola Ahmed Tinubu (5980497975) (Cropped).png|thumb]] [[Fayil:Bola Tinubu portrait.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Bola Ahmed Tinubu HRM Oba Saheed Ademola Oba Elegushi.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Asiwaju Bola Ahmed Tinubu and Chi Onwurah MP (5981056622).jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Bola Ahmed Tinubu HRM Oba Saheed Ademola Oba Elegushi.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Osinbajo-Tinubu.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Secretary Antony J. Blinken meets with Nigerian President Bola Tinubu in Abuja, Nigeria, January 23, 2024 - 1.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:ECOWAS members.svg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Bola Ahmed Tinubu Science Complex, Faculty of Science, Lagos State University.jpg|thumb|'''Bola Ahmed Tinubu Science Complex, Faculty of Science, Lagos State University.jpg''']] [[Fayil:Asiwaju Bola Ahmed Tinubu (5980497975).jpg|thumb|shugaban kasa]] '''Bola Ahmed Adekunle Tinubu''' ya kasance kwararren ɗan siyasar [[Najeriya]], kuma shugaban ƙasar Najeriya tun daga ranar 29 ga watan mayun shekara ta 2023.<ref> https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bola_Tinubu</ref> An haife shi a ranar 29 ga watan Maris a shekara ta alif dubu ɗaya da Ɗari Tara da hamsin da biyu (1952) Miladiyya. Ya yi aiki a matsayin Gwamnan [[jihar Legas]] daga shekarata alif dubu ɗaya da Ɗari Tara da casa'in da Tara (1999) zuwa shekara ta dubu biyu da bakwai (2007), haka yayi Sanata mai wakiltar Legas ta yamma na wani gajeren lokaci a jamhuriyya ta uku (''Third republic'').<ref> https://punchng.com/tinubu-returns-today-may-present-ministerial-list-after-sallah/ </ref> Bola Ahmed Tinubu shahararran ɗan siyasa ne a Najeriya wanda ke da sarautar Asiwaju a kasar Yarabawa, kuma Jagaban a Borgu ta [[Jihar Neja]], ya shahara a fagen siyasa da mulki a Najeriya baki daya. Ana kallon Asiwaju a matsayin wanda ya dade yana jan zarensa tun daga dawowar Najeriya kan mulkin demokuradiyya ta alif dubu daya da dari Tara da casa'in da Tara (1999), Tinubu ya kasance a matsayin uba a fagen siyasa sakamakon karfin fada a ji da yake da shi a siyasar kasar ta Yarbawa da ma Najeriya baki daya. Haka kuma ya kafa mutane da dama a Najeriya inda ya yi musu hanya suka samu mukamai a tarayya da jihohi. [[User:Ihayatu|Ihayatu]] ( [[User talk:Ihayatu|talk]]) 21:37, a ranar 30 ga watan Mayu shekarata 2023 (UTC)) <ref>{{cite web |last1=Ewepu |first1=Gabriel |title=CSOs calls on EFCC to investigate Tinubu over alleged money conveyed in bullion vans |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2019/10/csos-calls-on-efcc-to-investigate-tinubu-over-alleged-money-conveyed-in-bullion-vans/ |website=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]] |date=25 October 2019 |access-date=22 February 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Olu |first1=Tayo |title=Petition Details Alleged Corrupt Activities Of Tinubu Since 1999 |url=https://thewhistler.ng/petition-details-alleged-corrupt-activities-of-tinubu-since-1999/ |website=The Whistler |date=29 July 2020 |access-date=22 February 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Kperogi |first1=Farooq |author-link=Farooq Kperogi |title=Clarity On Tinubu's Age And Post-Secondary Education |url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/clarity-on-tinubus-age-and-post-secondary-education/ |website=[[Nigerian Tribune]] |date=29 January 2022 |access-date=22 February 2022}}</ref> ==Tarihin Rayuwar Tinubu== An haife shi a Jihar [[Legas]], cikin iyalin Tinubu da suka yi fice a jihar ta legas a ranar 29 ga watan Maris shekarar alif dubu ɗaya da ɗari Tara da hamsin da biyu(1952). Ya halarci makarantar firamare ta St. John's da ke Aroloya da makarantar Children's Home a Ibadan, da ke kudu maso yammacin [[Najeriya]]. Daga nan sai ya wuce Kwalejin Richard Daley a Birnin Chicago da ke ƙasar [[Amurka]], bayan samun gurbin yin karatu a Kwalejin. Daga baya ya zarce zuwa Jami'ar jihar [[Chicago]], a Illinois inda ya kammala ya kuma fito da Digiri a Harkokin [[Kasuwanci]]. Tinubu ya kuma samu kyautar dalibi da yafi kwazo a Jami'ar da kuma shaidar karramawa a ɓangaren Akanta da Hada-Hadar kudi. Da zuwansa [[Amurka]] a shekarar 1975, da taimakon mahaifiyarsa, matashin mai hazaka, da kuma ke da himmar ganin ya cimma burinsa. Ya shiga yin ayyuka da za su kawo masa kudi kamar wanke tukwane a gidajen sayar da abinci da aikin gadi da kuma tuka motar-haya domin taimaka masa a bangaren karatunsa. Baiwar da yake da ita ce ta sa ya shiga jerin dalibai masu hazaka na Kwalejin Richard Daley da kuma ta kai har ya kammala karatu a Jami'ar jihar [[Chicago]] a shekarar alif 1979, inda ya fito da digiri a bangaren Kasuwanci. A shekararsa ta farko a Jami'ar [[Chicago]], an karrama shi da mukamin malami mai taimakawa (tutor), domin taimakon wasu 'yan uwansa dalibai da ke wadannan ajuzuwa. Yan uwansa dalibai da dama sun yaba taimakonsa a bangaren karatunsu wanda har ta kai su ga samun sakamako mai kyau. A tsawon shekaru da ya yi a jami'a, Tinubu ya kasance dalibi mafi hazaka wanda ya yi ta samun kyautar dalibi mai gwazo da kuma shaidar karatu a bangaren Akanta da hada-hadar kuɗi, inda kuma ya kare digirinsa da sakamako mai daraja ta sama. A matsayinsa na mai hankoron abubuwa masu kyau da za su zo, Bola ya tsaya tare da yin nasara a takarar shugaban ɗaliban nazarin Akanta da Hada-hadar kuɗi na jami'ar jihar [[Chicago]] a shekarar sa ta karshe.<ref>{{cite web |title=2023: Controversy Trails Tinubu's INEC Filings |url=https://dailytrust.com/2023-controversy-trails-tinubus-inec-filings |website=[[Daily Trust]] |date=26 June 2022 |access-date=26 June 2022 |archive-date=26 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220626053445/https://dailytrust.com/2023-controversy-trails-tinubus-inec-filings |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Essien |first1=Hillary |title=I didn't attend primary, secondary schools; my university certificates stolen by unknown soldiers, Tinubu tells INEC |url=https://gazettengr.com/just-in-i-didnt-attend-primary-secondary-schools-my-university-certificates-stolen-by-unknown-soldiers-tinubu-tells-inec/ |website=[[Peoples Gazette]] |date=24 June 2022 |access-date=1 July 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Abidoye |first1=Bisi |title=PT State of the Race: Tinubu's "lost" certificates and Wike's message to Atiku |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/539248-pt-state-of-the-race-tinubus-lost-certificates-and-wikes-message-to-atiku.html |website=[[Premium Times]] |access-date=1 July 2022}}</ref> ==Iyali== Asiwaju Bola Tinubu yana da mata ɗaya mai suna Oluremi Tinubu, wadda sanata ce mai wakiltar [[Jihar Legas]] ta tsakiya. Ta kasance mai fafutikar kare Hakkin jama'a da kuma mai ilimi da ake mutuntawa. Tana kuma gudanar da ayyukan jinkai wanda aka karrama da lambar girmamawa ta kasa ta Officer of the Order of the Niger (OON). Suna da 'ya'ya da kuma jikoki. [[File:Asiwaju Bola Ahmed Tinubu (5980497975).jpg|thumb|Shugaba Bola Ahmed Tinubu.]] ==Aiki da kasuwanci== Kafin kammala karatunsa na digiri, Bola Tinubu ya samu aiki da kamfanin harkar akantanci na Arthur Anderson. Daga bisani kamfanin Deloitte Haskins (wanda ake kira da deloitte Haskins and Touche a yanzu) suka ɗauki hayarsa, bayan nan kuma sai ya yi aiki da GTE Service Corporation, wani babban kamfanin sadarwa a ƙasar [[Amurka]]. A kamfanin ''Deloitte Haskins and sells'', matashi kuma kwararre Bola ya fadada kwarewarsa ta hanyar shiga ayyukan dubawa da gudanarwa na ''General Motors'' da yin aiki a Babban Bankin Kasa na ''[[Chicago]]'' da kamfanin ''Procter and Gamble'' da ''International Harvester'' da ''General Electric'' da sauran kamfanoni. Bayan ganin kwarewarsa, kamfanin ''Deloitte sal'' ya dauki hayar Bola a matsayin jagoran mambobi da ke sa ido a kamfanin.<ref name="Bloomberg News Graft">{{cite news |last1=Clowes |first1=William |title=Graft Allegations Dog Nigeria's Main Presidential Hopefuls |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-06-22/presidential-hopefuls-in-nigeria-can-t-shake-graft-allegations |website=[[Bloomberg News]] |date=22 June 2022 |access-date=23 June 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Hundeyin |first1=David |title=Bola Ahmed Tinubu: From Drug Lord To Presidential Candidate |url=https://westafricaweekly.substack.com/p/bola-ahmed-tinubu-from-drug-lord |website=West Africa Weekly |date=13 July 2022 |access-date=13 July 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Weiss |first1=Michael |title=Nigerian Pres' Svengali Tied to Heroin |url=https://www.thedailybeast.com/nigerian-pres-svengali-tied-to-heroin |website=[[The Daily Beast]] |date=27 April 2015 |access-date=13 July 2022}}</ref> ===Dawowarsa Najeriya=== Bayan dawowarsa Najeriya da kuma samun gogewa a ɓangaren hada-hadar kuɗi, Tinubu ya fara aiki da Kamfanin Mai na Mobil a matsayin babban mai bincike wanda ta kai har ya zama ma'ajin kamfanin. A matsayinsa na mutumin da ba ya manta mafararsa da kuma alakarsa da al'umma, Asiwaju Bola Ahmed Tinubu ya kasance mutumin da ya dauki hidimtiwa al'umma da muhimmanci. Ko da a Mobil, ya jagoranci hada-hada daban-daban na tara-kudi domin tallafa wa shirye-shiryen ci-gaban al'umma a [[Jihar Legas]]. Ya kuma jagoranci kungiyar Primrose, wata kungiyar siyasa da ke hankoron kawo canji a siyasar Jihar [[Lagos]]. Haka nan, Bola Tinubu ya yanke shawarar shiga aikin hidimar al'umma gadan-gadan ta hanyar ajiye babban matsayi da yake da shi a kamfanin Mobil. ==Fara Harkokin Siyasa== [[File:Asiwaju Bola Ahmed Tinubu and Chi Onwurah MP (5981056622).jpg|right|thumb|Tinubu a shekarar 2011]] Shigarsa ta farko fagen siyasa, ya fara ne da shiga sahu wajen kafa jam'iyyar SDP da shi. A shekarar 1992, aka zaɓe shi a matsayin Sanata da ke wakiltar Yammacin [[Jihar Legas]]. A [[Majalisar Dattijai ta Najeriya|Majalisar Dattijai]], ya samu nasarar zama shugaban kwamitin da ke kula da bankuna, kuɗi da kasafi na Majalisar Dattawa wanda babban kwamiti ne na Majalisar Dattawan [[Najeriya]]. Bayan soke zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na ran 12 ga watan Yunin, 1993 da Gwamnatin Mulkin Soja Ta [[Ibrahim Babangida|IBB]] tayi da kuma kara wa'adin mulkin soja, Asiwaju Bola Ahmed Tinubu ya Shiga sahun gaba cikin wadanda suka kafa kungiyar masu rajin kare dimokradiyya da aka fi sani da NADECO. [[File:Bola Ahmed Tinubu HRM Oba Saheed Ademola Oba Elegushi.jpg |right| thumb| Tinubu tare da Sarki Oba Saheed Ademola da Sarki Elegushi a Shekarar 2017.]] Sun tunkari gwamnatin mulkin soji na wancan lokaci wajen ganin an dawo da tsarin dimokuradiyya a [[Najeriya]]. Bola Tinubu ya sha barazana ga rayuwarsa da musgunawa wanda har ta kai ga kamawa tare da tsare shi wanda hakan ya sa ya gudu ya bar kasar. Duk da haka bai karaya ba a gwagwarmayarsu ta neman tsarin dimokradiyya inda ya zama shugaban kungiyar ta NADECO da ke gudun hijira, inda ya ci gaba da hankoron ganin mulkin dimokradiyya da tsarin shugabanci a [[Najeriya]]. Neman da kungiyar NADECO ke yi daga baya ta sami yin nasara. Yayin da mulkin soja yazo karshe, Bola Tinubu ya dawo [[Najeriya]] a shekarar 1998, domin shiga sahun gaba na kawo cigaba da fahimtar juna. Tinubu ya shiga sahun mutane da suka kafa jam'iyar siyasa mai son ci gaba ta ''Alliance for Democracy'' ('''AD'''), inda ya samu nasarar zamantowa mai yi wa jam'iyyar takarar kujerar gwamna a [[jihar Legas]]. ==Zama Gwamnan Legas== Bayan samun nasarar zama gwamnan [[Jihar Legas]] a zabukan 1999, Tinubu ya jagoranci jihar har na tsawon shekara 8. Bayan shigar sa ofis a watan Mayun 1999, Bola Tinubu ya jawo hazikan mutane a cikin gwamnatinsa, wanda tare suka tsara kyakkyawan shiri na shugabancin [[Jihar Lagos|Jihar lagos.]] Ajanda 10 da gwamnatinsa ta mayar da hankali a kai sun kunshi ɓangaren ilimi da lafiya da samar da ayyukan yi da rage talauci, da samar da wutar lantarki da ruwan sha da tsarin zirga-zirga mai kyau da kula da muhalli da doka-da-oda da samar da abinci da kuma farfado da ɓangaren aikin gwamnati. [[File:One-Day Governor of Lagos State, 2007.jpg|thumb|Bola Ahmed Tinubu a matsayin Gwamnan Lagos a shekarar 2007]] Gwamnatin Tinubu, ta inganta tare da gyara tsarin mulki ta hanyar kirkiro da sabbin ma'aikatu irinsu ma'aikatar gidaje da ma'aikatar wasanni da ci gaban matasa da kuma ta harkokin mata da rage talauci. A tsawon mulkinsa, Asiwaju Tinubu ya kawo hazikai da kuma kwararru a cikin gwamnatinsa a matsayin kwamishinoni da kuma masu ba shi shawara a bangarori da suka kware. Ta hanyar tsare-tsare da aiwatarwa, gwamnatin Asiwaju Tinubu ta kara kasafin kudin [[Jihar Legas]] daga naira biliyan 14.200 a shekarar 1999 zuwa Naira biliyan 240.866 a shekarar 2007 domin Jihar ta samar da karin ababen more rayuwa ga al'ummarta. Gwamnatin Tinubu ta ci gaba da kiyaye rabon kasafin kudi na shekara da akalla kashi 60-40 bisa dari a kan kudin da ake kashewa na manyan ayyuka don tabbatar da an samar da ababen more rayuwa ga al'umma. Asiwaju Tinubu, ta hanyar kirkire-kirkire da sabbin tsare-tsare ya cire Jihar Lagos daga samun kudaden shiga na shekara-shekara na Naira biliyan 14.64 a shekarar 1999 zuwa Naira biliyan 60.31 a shekarar 2006. Ya zuwa watan Maris din 2007, jihar ta samu kudin haraji a wata da ya kai naira biliyan 8.2. Wannan gagarumin kokari da gwamnatinsa ta samu a jihar [[Lagos]] ya biyo bayan bijiro da tsare-tsare da kuma aiwatar wa kamar kirkiro da tsarin bankin laturoni da tsarin sa ido a kudaden da ake tarawa da kaddamar da tsarin a na'ura mai kwakwalwa. Sannan akwai tsarin biyan haraji na laturoni da sake tsara gudanar da ma'aikatar kula da kudaden haraji na jihar da sake fasalta tsarin karbar kuɗin haraji da samar da bayanan masu biyan haraji. [[Jihar Legas]] karkashin jagorancin Bola Ahmed Tinubu ta zama abin koyi a bangaren tafiyar da aikin gwamnati da kirkire-kirkire da harkokin kudi. A watan Satumban, 2002, [[Legas]] ta kasance jiha ta farko a [[Najeriya]] da ta tara kudaden shiga masu yawa don bunkasa ababen more rayuwa. Jihar ta samu kudade ta hanyar karbo takardun lamuni domin aiwatar da ayyukan ci gaba kamar gyara hanyoyi da gina rukunin gidajen milenia da gina harkokin samar da ruwa da gyara kotuna da samar da wuraren zubar da shara da gina azuzuwa da sauran su. Jajircewar Tinubu da taimakon baiwar sa ta siyasa, Bola Tinubu ya hangi barazanar magudin zabe a 2003 daga Jam'iyyar PDP mai Mulki, inda abokansa a yankin kudu-maso-yamma suka saduda da kin yin kamfe na sake zabarsu, amma Tinubu ya bijiro da wani yakin neman zabe mai ma'ana kan irin nasarori da ya samu. Sauran gwamnonin Jam'iyar AD a jihohin [[Ondo]] da [[Osun]] da [[Ekiti]] da [[Ogun]] da kuma [[Oyo]] dukkansu sun gamu da cikas wajen sake zabarsu a shekarar 2003, a inda jam'iyyar PDP ta samu nasara. Bola Tinubu ya kasance mutum daya tilo da ya samu nasara a karkashin jam'iyar AD. Da irin nasarorin da ya samu a shugabancin [[Jihar Lagos]], ya samu nasarar kalubalantar gwamnatin tarayya ta fuskar siyasa da kuma shari'a. Saboda jajircewarsa a wannan lokaci, Bola Tinubu ya kasance mutum daya tilo da ya tsaya tsayin daka wajen hana [[Najeriya]] zama kasa mai tsarin jam'iyya daya.Ya kasance gwamnan jam'iyyar AD daya tilo a cikin jihohi 36 na [[Najeriya]]. Duk da haka, bai karaya ba, inda ya shiga sahun gaba wajen karfafa 'yan siyasa da ke son ci gaba. A 2007, 'yan siyasar da ke son ci gaba a kudu-maso-yammacin [[Najeriya]] suka dawo da martabarsu. Don sake zama babban dan siyasa na bangaren adawa, Bola Tinubu ya taka rawa wajen kirkiro da sabuwar jam'iyar ci gaba mai suna Action Congress (AC), wadda daga baya ta koma Action Congress of Najeriya (ACN). Jajircewar Tinubu ce ta kare [[Jihar Legas]] daga mamayar Jam'iyyar PDP, sai dai tsarin da ya bullo da shi ya taimaka masa wajen sake farfado da akidar siyasa wanda daga baya ya dawo da ci gaban shugabanci a fadin kudu maso yamma da kuma [[Jihar Edo]]. Idan za a rubuta tarihin wannan lokaci, Tinubu zai kasance a matsayin mutumin da ya tsaya tsayin daka wajen kawo tsarin siyasar ci gaba a yankin kudu-maso-yamma da kuma [[Najeriya]]. Za a san shi a matsayin mutumin da ya jajirce wajen hana jam'iyar PDP cimma burinta na gudanar da tsarin jam'iyya daya a kusa. Wadanda suke da ra'ayin mulkin dimokuradiyya a [[Najeriya]], tilas ne su jinjina gudummawar da Asiwaju Tinubu ya bayar. == Kafa jam'iyyar APC== A zaɓen 2015, Asiwaju ya zama babban mai goyon bayan hadewar jam'iyyarsa da wasu jam'iyyun adawa biyu Jam'iyyar CPC da kuma Jam'iyar ANPP domin kawo ƙarshen mulkin [[Peoples Democratic Party|Jam'iyar PDP]]. Jam'iyyun guda uku sun haɗe daga baya inda suka samar da jam'iyar All Progressive Congress (APC). Duba da rawa da ya taka wajen kafa jam'iyyar, an bai wa Tinubu mukamin jagoran jam'iyyar na kasa. A nan ma, ya sadaukar da burinsa na siyasa, domin karfafa jam'iyyar da ba ta fifiko a kasa baki daya. A shekarar 2015, jam'iyyar ta APC ta samu nasarar lashe zaben shugaban kasa na shekarar 2015, wanda karon farko da jam'iyyar adawa ta kada shugaba mai mulki a [[Najeriya]]. Tinubu ya taimaka wa Jam'iyyar ta APC wajen samun nasara. ==Takarar shugabancin Najeriya a jam'iyyar APC== A Ranar 22 Ga Watan Yuni Na Shekarar 2022, Bola Tinubu Yayi Sa'ar samun Tikitin takarar a Jam’iyyarsa Ta APC Bola Ahmed Tinubu ya samu nasarar ce da kuri'u dubu 1271 da masu zaɓe sama da dubu 2300 suka kwashe dare suna kadawa. Tsohon gwamnan Rivers [[Rotimi Amaechi]] ya zo na biyu da kuri'u 316, sai Mataimakin shugaban [[Najeriya]] [[Yemi Osinbajo]] a matsayi na uku da kuri'u 235 sai kuma shugaban Majalisar Dattawan [[Najeriya]] Ahmed Lawan da ya samu kuri'u 152. 'Yan takara 14 da suka fafata a zaɓen sun haɗa da Mista Chukwuemeka Nwajuba, Fasto Tunde Bakare, Mista Ahmed Rufa’i, Sanata Rochas Okorocha, Mista Jack Rich, Gwamna Ben Ayade, Gwamna David Umuahi, Asiwaju Bola Tinubu, Sen. Ahmed Yarima, Dr Ahmed Lawal, mataimakinsa. -Shugaban kasa Yemi Osinbajo, Mista Rotimi Amaechi, Gwamna Yahaya Bello da Mista Ogbonnaya Onu. ==Lashe Zaben Shekarar 2023== A ranar 1 ga Watan Maris 2023, Shugaban hukumar INEC, Farfesa Mahmood Yakubu ya sanar da tsohon gwamnan [[jihar Legas]], Bola Tinubu a matsayin wanda ya lashe zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na 2023, da kuri'a miliyan 8,794,726. [[File:Dr. Adekunle Olayinka with President Bola Ahmed Tinubu GCFR as presidential-elect.jpg|thumb|Shugaba Tinubu Tare da Dr. Adekunle Olayinka bayan cin Nasarar Zaben Shugaban Kasa na 2023.]] Tsohon matainmakin shugaban [[Najeriya]], [[Atiku Abubakar]] ne ke biye masa da kuri'u miliyan 6,984,520. Sai kuma ɗan takarar jam'iyyar Labour, Peter Obi wanda ya samu kuri'a miliyan 6,101,533. Tsohon gwamnan [[jihar Kano]], Sanata [[Rabi'u Musa Kwankwaso]] ne ya zo na huɗu da kuri'u miliyan 1,496,687. Amma Sai Dai Jam'iyyun adawa na PDP da LP sun ce ba za su karbi sakamakon ba bisa zargin tafka magudi a mazabu da dama, inda kuma suka ce za su garzaya kotu. An Rantsar da Ahmed Bola Tinubu a Ranar Litinin Ashirin da tare ga watan Mayu a Shekara ta Dubu biyu da a Shirin da Ukku. Bola Ahmed Tinubu ɗaya ne daga cikin manyan ‘yan siyasar Najeriya. Ga takaitaccen tarihinsa: Haihuwa da Asali An haife shi ranar 29 ga Maris, 1952 a Lagos. Ya fito daga jihar Lagos State. Karatu Ya yi karatu a Amurka, inda ya halarci Chicago State University. Ya kammala karatun Accounting (lissafi). Farkon Aiki Ya yi aiki a manyan kamfanoni kamar Mobil (ExxonMobil), inda ya samu kwarewa a fannin kuɗi. Shiga Siyasa Ya fara siyasa a matsayin Sanata mai wakiltar Lagos West a shekarar 1992. Bayan juyin mulki na soja, ya shiga fafutukar dawo da dimokuraɗiyya a ƙungiyar NADECO. Gwamnan Lagos Ya zama Gwamnan Lagos State daga 1999 zuwa 2007. A lokacin mulkinsa, ya kawo sauye-sauye a: Haraji da kudaden shiga Harkar sufuri Tsarin mulkin birni Shugaban Ƙasa A zaɓen 2023, ya tsaya takara a jam’iyyar All Progressives Congress. Ya lashe zaɓe, kuma aka rantsar da shi a matsayin Shugaban Ƙasa na Najeriya ranar 29 ga Mayu, 2023. Abubuwan Da Aka San Shi Da Su Ana kallonsa a matsayin jagora mai tasiri a siyasar Najeriya. Yana da tasiri sosai musamman a yankin kudu maso yamma ==Manazarta<ref>https://aminiya.ng/ba-zan-yi-murabus-a-siyasa-ba-sai-bayan-na-yi-mulkin-najeriya/</ref>== {{Reflist}} [[category:Rayayyun Mutane]] [[category:Haifaffun 1952]] [[category:Gwamnonin Jihar Legas]] [[Category:Maza]] [[Category:Mutanan Nigeria]] [[Category:Yan siyasa]] skdh0xmatiw5gp1m45m9h6bjeflb51b 0 7095 829816 739757 2026-05-05T04:34:13Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829816 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Sultan Bello mosque 05.jpg|thumb|Masallacin [[Masallacin Sarkin Musulmi Bello|Sultan Bello]] dake Kaduna inda Malam Abubakar Gumi ya yi limanci tare da gabatar da wa'azinsa.]] [[File:Abubakar Mahmoud Gumi.jpg|thumb|Malam Abubakar Gumi]] '''Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi''' (an haife shi a shekara 1962 –zuwa shekarar 1992)<ref name="HunwickO'Fahey1994">{{cite book|author1=John O. Hunwick|author2=Rex Séan O'Fahey|title=Arabic Literature of Africa: The writings of central Sudanic Africa Vol.2. Volume 13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nKXOThUEpcC&pg=PA551dq=Abubakar+Gumi+1922|year=1994|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-10494-1|page=551}}</ref> malamin Addinin Musulunci ne ɗan Najeriya kuma alkalin alƙalai na yankin [[Arewacin Najeriya]], matsayin da ya sanya shi zama cibiyar tafsirin tsarin shari’a a yankin. Ya kasance na kusa da [[Ahmadu Bello]], Firimiyan Arewa a shekarun alif 1950 zuwa 1960 kuma ya zama Grand Khadi a shekarata 1967, Kafin a soke wannan mukamin daga baya. Gumi ya fito a matsayin shugaba mai faɗa a ji a lokacin mulkin mallaka, inda yake ganin tsarin mulkin kai tsaye ya raunana ƙarfin addini na sarakuna da kuma karfafa Turawan Yamma. Tun daga shekarun alif 1960 ne ake samun rigingimu tsakanin jama’a tsakaninsa da shugabannin ‘yan’uwantakar Sufaye, waɗanda daga baya ya yi muhawara a shirye-shiryen talabijin a shekarun alif 1970 zuwa shekarata alif 1980. A wannan lokacin ya ci gaba da maida hankalinsa wajen gudanar da tarukan juma'a a cikin babban masallacin Kaduna ([[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]). Ya yi amfani da zaman wajen Farfado da sukar da ya ke yi wa hukumomi bisa ga ra'ayinsa na koma baya ga tsarin tushen ko kuma bukatar rungumar aikin tsafta na Musulunci. Ya kuma yi suka da kakkausar murya kan shigar sufanci. Yana da ’ya’ya da yawa, daga ciki akwai [[Ahmad Gumi|Dr. Ahmad Abubakar Gumi]] wanda ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin malamin babban masallacin Kaduna (Sultan Bello), Dakta Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] Zariya. kuma tsohon hafsan soji ne, ya bar aikin soja, ya yi tattaki zuwa jami'ar umm al-Qura da ke [[Makkah]], ƙasar [[Saudiyya]] inda ya yi karatun digirin digirgir (PhD). Gumi mabiyin mazhabar [[malikiyya]] ne, wannan ya samo asali ne ta hanyar rubuce-rubucensa da suka haɗa da tafsirin alkur'ani (Raddul azhaan ila ma'anil kur'an). da sauran littafai kamar (hullu nizam ala nuzuul isa) da (Al-Aqidatus As-Saheehah bi muwafaqati ash- Shari'ah) da sauransu == Karatu == Ya yi karatu da rubuce-rubuce a kan addinin [[musulunci]] sosai, ya fassara [[Qur'an|Qur'ani]] zuwa [[Hausa|harshen Hausa]], kuma shi ne mutum na farko daya rubuta tarjama wato fassarar ɗai-ɗaikun ayoyin dake Alkur'ani.<ref>John N. Paden, Muslim Civic Cultures and Conflict Resolution: the challenge of democratic federalism in Nigeria, Brookings Institution Press, 2005. p 60. ISBN 0-8157-6817-6</ref> Hakan ne ya sa ya samu nasarar samun kyautar Sarki Faisal(King Faisal Award), daga ƙasar saudiya. Malamin dai ya kasance babban aboki kuma mai ba wa Firimiya [[Ahmadu Bello]] sardaunan Sakkwato shawara. Shi ne mahaifin Dakta Shaykh [[Ahmad Gumi]]. == Shahara == Gumi ya shahara tun lokacin mulkin mallakar Turawa a matsayin mai faɗa a ji, yana sukar salon Mulkin [[Turawa]], cewa ya karya lagon sarakunan Musulmi kuma hakan yana Ƙara karfafa al'adun Turai a ƙasashen musulunci. A farkon shekara ta 1960 an samu barkewar rikici tsakanin sa da malaman sufaye wanda daga baya rikicin ya koma muhawara a gidajen rediyo da talabijin a shekarun 1970 zuwa shekara ta 1980.<ref>The Independent: "Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi" by Karl Maier 16 September 1992</ref> Ya riƙa amfani da ranakun Juma'a a matsayin lokutan yada akidunsa a babban masallacin Juma'a na [[Kaduna]] mai suna [[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]. == Dangi == Abubakar Gumi ba a san takamaiman yawan yayansa ba, amma mafi shahara a cikinsu shi ne Dr. [[Ahmad Gumi]] Wanda shi ne ya gaji Mahaifinsa a matsayin mai gabatar da wa'azi a masallacin na Sultan Bello dake Kaduna. Dr Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke [[Zariya]]. Kuma tsohon jami'in sojin Nijeriya ne, ya bar aikin soja inda ya tafi zuwa ƙasar Saudiyya domin karanta ilimin fikihu, a jami'ar [[Ummul Quraa]] da ke birnin [[Makkah|Makka]] inda ya samu shaidar digirin digir-gir.<ref>John Owen Hunwick. Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan, Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. ISBN 0-8101-1037-7</ref> [[File:Nigerian Public Domain 105.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Abubakar Gumi a shekarar 1970.]] == Tarihi == === Rayuwar farko da ilimi === An haifi Gumi a kauyen Gummi (yanzu karamar hukuma ce a jihar Zamfara ) a ranar Juma'ar karshe na watan Ramadan shekara ta 1344, ga iyalan Mahmud, malamin addinin Musulunci kuma Alkali (alkali) na Gummi. Iliminsa ya fara ne a bangon danginsa lokacin yana dalibin koyarwar addinin musulunci na mahaifinsa. Daga nan ya wuce makarantar da ke karkashin kulawar wani Malami mai suna Musa da ke Ambursa a lardin Sakkwato . A nan aka gabatar da shi ilimin Fiqhu da karanta littafai da waqoqin yabo ga Annabi. Makarantar boko ta farko da ya yi ita ce makarantar firamare ta Dogondaji, yayin da a makarantar firamare ya hadu da Sarkin Musulmi na 18 a nan gaba, Ibrahim Dasuki, kuma ya yi fice a harkokin addini. An nada shi Hakimin Salla (shugaban sallah) kuma an dora masa alhakin ciyar da dalibai ayyukan addini. A cikin shekara guda aka mayar da shi Makarantar Midil ta Sakkwato, inda Ahmadu Bello yake koyarwa. A nan ne ya saba da Shehu Shagari, da Waziri Muhammadu Junaidu, da Yahaya Gusau; na baya-bayan nan shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam, wata fitacciyar kungiyar Musulmi ta Najeriya . Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na secondary ya tafi [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] inda ya karanta fannin shari'a sannan ya samu horon Qadi . Ya fara aiki a matsayin magatakarda ga Qadi Attahiru amma ba da jimawa ba ya rasa nasaba da takamaiman aikinsa. Ya ba da darussa na sirri kan Musulunci da [[tafsiri]] a matsayin kubuta daga bacin ransa. Ya rasa mahaifinsa a shekara ta 1937 a lokacin da yake makarantar sakandare. Ya yi aure bayan shekara 3 da Maryama a shekarar 1941 yana dan shekara 19. <ref name="IndependentObit">{{Cite web |date=1992-09-15 |title=Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sheikh-abubakar-mahmud-gumi-1551628.html |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> === Farkon aiki === A shekarar 1947 Abubakar Gumi ya bar aikin sakatare na Qadi Attahiru ya tafi koyarwa a makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta Kano, wadda ya taba halarta a baya. A lokacin da yake Kano, ya hadu da Sheik Sa'id Hayatu, dan shugaban Mahdiyya na karni na 19, Hayatu ibn Sa'id, kuma wani mutum da ake ganin yana daya daga cikin fitattun wadanda mulkin mallaka ya rutsa da su. Shi ne shugaban kungiyar Mahdiyya, kuma ya dawo daga zaman tilas a kasar Kamaru . Abubakar ya shaku da koyarwar harkar Mahdiyya, a takaice ya zama mabiyi; Daga baya ya auri diyar Hayatu, Maryam. Duk da haka, ta rasu bayan ta haifi ɗa namiji. Dan Abubakar Gumi na farko ba Ahmad Abubakar ba ne, Dr Hamza Abubakar likita ne da ke aiki a yanzu haka a birnin Riyadh na kasar Saudiyya, sai kuma Manjo Janar Abdulkadir Abubakar (rtd) da kuma yaya mata biyu – daya ya auri marigayi Mai shari’a Muhammadu Bello, tsohon alkalin alkalai na tarayya, dayan kuma ta auri Sheik Sunusi Gumbi, sanannen malamin addinin musulunci kuma dalibin Abubakar Gumi. A 1949 Gumi ya sami aikin koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru, Sakkwato. Makarantar tana da wani shahararren malami mai suna [[Aminu Kano]], wanda shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar malamai ta Arewa kuma mai kula da wasu ‘yan [[Makarantar Islamiyya|makarantun musulmi]] . Aminu da Gumi sun yi cudanya tare da raba ra’ayoyi kan tasirin al’ummar gargajiya da addinin Musulunci, da kuma halin ko in kula ko goyon bayan da ‘yan’uwan Sufaye suke ba wa halin da ake ciki na [[Bida|Bidi’a]] . Ya bar Maru ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar koyon Larabci da ke Kano. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya zama malami na tsawon shekaru biyu a makarantar. Ya kuma halarci makarantar ilimi a Sudan. <ref name="Hunwick">John Owen Hunwick. ''Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan'', Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. {{ISBN|0-8101-1037-7}}</ref> A 1957 ya zama mai fassara ga gwamnatin Arewacin Najeriya kan al'amuran [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] . == Rikici == Abubakar Gumi yana da ra'ayi game da tsarin mulki da na addini na jami'an masarautu a Arewacin Najeriya. Rikicin akidarsa na farko da hukumomi shine a Maru. Rikici ya shafi aikin Tayamum . Babban Limamin Masallacin Maru ya kasance yana yin wanka da yashi (Tayammum) gabanin Sallah yayin da Gumi ya yi nuni da cewa Tayammu ana amfani da ita ne kawai idan ba a samu ruwa ba, kuma ana samun ruwa sosai a Maru . Gumi ya ci gaba da kalubalantar wannan al’ada, inda ya nemi dalibai da kada su fito don yin Sallah har sai Imam ya fasa yin Taimiyya. Sai dai Gumi wanda a baya ya rubuta kakkausar murya kan Sarkin Musulmi, yanzu ya samu Sarkin Musulmi yana sha’awar kokensa da babban limamin Maru. An kafa kwamitin bincike kan lamarin tare da goyon bayan Sarkin Musulmi. Sai dai da yake Gumi ya fi sanin aqidar Musulunci, haka nan kuma basirarsa ta gardama, sai hukumar ta yanke hukunci a kan Gumi. [1] Bayan samun nasara kadan a kan Sarkin Musulmi, Gumi ya yi amfani da hankalin da ya samu ta hanyar rubuta wata kasida mai mahimmanci a kan batun Musulmi, musamman Sarkin Musulmi, ya karbi mukaman Ingila . A lokacin, sannu a hankali ya fara ƙalubalantar imani da halaye na ayyuka a tsakanin al'ummar musulmi. [ abubuwan da ake bukata ] Wani harin da Gumi ya kai shi ne kungiyar [[Ahmadiyya]] karkashin jagorancin [[Jibril Martin]] . Yunkurin ya kasance manufa mai sauƙi ga Gumi, saboda wasu ra'ayoyin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar sun yi hannun riga da ainihin akidar Musulunci, kamar yadda wanda ya kafa ya sanya kansa a matsayin annabci . Daga baya Gumi ya fara fargabar wannan harkar ne sakamakon kwarewar tsarin kungiya na wanda ya assasa Najeriya, a hankali kungiyar ta shiga cikin hukumar alhazai ta yammacin Najeriya, sannan ta kafa makarantun almajirai a Kudu sannan kuma ya tashi zuwa arewa wajen yada manufofin Ahmadiyya. Gumi ya dauki wannan kalubale cikin sauki sannan aka dakile manufar kungiyar ta arewa. == Bayyanarshi a Kafafen yaɗa labarai == Sheik Gumi ya yi hajjin sa na farko zuwa Makka a shekarar 1955 kuma Ahmadu Bello ne ya hada shi da shi. Yayin da yake Makka ya yi tafsirin ayyukan addinin Musulunci tare da Bello da Sarki Sa'ud. Ya kuma sadu da dimbin al'ummar al'ummar musulmi ko kuma al'ummar musulmi a kasar Saudiyya, wadanda da yawa daga baya suka zama masu kyautata masa bayan rasuwar Ahmadu Bello a shekarar 1966. Da ya dawo Najeriya ya fara koyarwa a Makarantar Koyon Larabci da ke Kano da kuma wasu Makarantun Musulmi da kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam (JNI) ta kafa wacce ke kusa da birnin Kaduna. Babban bangare na koyarwarsa ya mayar da hankali kan bambance-bambancen al'ada da addini, da yadda za a fahimta da kuma rungumar asalin Musulunci. Ya kuma rubuta tafsirin kur'ani wanda akasari a kan sunna, ya kuma fassara kur'ani daga Larabci zuwa Hausa . Wannan tsari ya kai ga yada Littafi Mai Tsarki ga dimbin jama’ar Arewacin Najeriya, kuma ra’ayoyinsa da sakonsa kan muhimman koyarwar Musulunci sun fara samun dimbin masu sauraro. [1] Sai dai adawar da ya yi da manyan 'yan uwantakar Sufaye kamar Tijjaniyya da Qadiriyya ta jawo masa suka a kai a kai, kuma wasu daga cikin musulmi suka rika kai masa hari kan tafsirinsa; ya kan amsa da cewa su ci gaba da yin tafsirin nasu, idan ba sa son nasa. [1] A shekarun 1970 ya zama mai yawan fitowa a shirye-shiryen talabijin, musamman a lokutan bukukuwan Musulunci. "Lokacin da muka je wurin jifan shaiɗan (Jamra) sa'ilin aikin Hajji, sai mutanenmu suka riƙa yin wasu abubuwa marasa ma'ana. "Wasu suka riƙa nemo manyan duwatsu, wasu kuma suka riƙa cire takalmansu suna jifan jamrah, suna zage-zage da furta munanan kalamai, da sunan jifan shaiɗan." Wannan na daga cikin abubuwan da suka sanya Sheikh Abubakar Gumi ya yi yunƙuri a hukumance na sake faɗakar da mabiya addinin Musulunci a Najeriya yadda ake yin addini, bayan sanar da Firimiyan arewa na farko Ahmadu Bello, kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗaliban marigayin, Sheikh Yusuf Sambo Rigachikun ya tabbatar wa BBC. Wannan yunƙuri ya haifar da kafa wasu ƙungiyoyi guda biyu waɗanda suka jagoranci tafiyar da lamurran addinin Musulunci a Najeriya - Jama'atu Nasril Islam, sai kuma daga baya Jama'atu Izalatil Bidi'a wa Iqamatussunnah - lamarin da ya yi tasiri kan miliyoyin mabiya addinin a Najeriya. Shekara 33 bayan rasuwarsa, miliyoyin Musulmai a Najeriya na ci gaba da bin koyarwarsa, sannan ƙungiyoyin da ya jagoranci kafawa ne a gaba-gaba wajen yaɗawa da kuma tafiyar da al'amuran Musulunci a ƙasar. Baya ga Shehu Usman Danfodiyo, wanda ya yi jihadin sake ɗabbaƙa addinin Musulunci a ƙasar Hausa a farkon shekarun 1800, ana ganin cewa babu wani malami da koyarsa ta Musulunci ta yi tasiri a Najeriya kamar Abubakar Gumi. Wasu masana addini ma na ganin tasirin da Gumi ya yi "ta fi" ta Usman Danfodio, kasancewar a lokacinsa akwai hanyoyin sadarwa irin su talabijin da rediyo da hanyar wallafa litattafai da jaridu, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen yaɗa ayyukansa a ƙasar Hausa da maƙwafta. <ref>Bbc</ref> == Kawo sauyi == Tun kafin yunƙurin samar da ƙungiyoyin sake ilimantar da Musulman Najeriya kan ibada, Abubakar Gumi ya kasance mutum mai neman kawo sauyi, lamarin da ya sa ya yi ƙaurin suna tsakanin malamai da sarakuna har ma da turawan mulkin mallaka. A cikin littafinsa na Manufata, Gumi ya tuno yadda ya ƙalubalanci malaman addinin Musulunci waɗanda suke yin addini "yadda suka ga dama". Gumi ya ce "Sufanci ya zamo jiki a tsakanin al'umma ta yadda babu wanda ya damu ya binciki ko ya yi daidai da koyawar al-Ƙur'ani da hadisan annabi Muhammad". Irin wannan yunƙuri nasa ya fara jan hankali ne a lokacin da yake koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru a shekarar 1949. A lokacin ya fahimci yadda malaman addini da kuma sauran al'umma ke cakuɗa ibada da al'adu ko wasu abubuwa na daban. Limamin Juma'a na Maru a wancan lokaci ya kasance yana yin taimama domin yin sallah a maimakon alwala da ruwa, duk kuwa da wadatuwar ruwan da kuma rashin wata hujja ta yin taimamar. Bayan yunƙurin da ya yi na faɗakar da limamin game da 'haramcin' hakan, amma abin ya ci tura, Gumi ya hana ɗalibansa halartar sallar Juma'a a babban masallacin Maru, inda ya riƙa jan su sallah a cikin makaranta. A matsayin martani, sarkin Maru ya rubuta takardar ƙorafi kan Abubakar Gumi zuwa ga fadar sarkin Musulmi da kuma hukumomi turawan mulkin mallaka. Sai dai a ƙarshe Abubakar Gumi ne ya yi nasara ta hanyar gabatar da hujjoji masu ƙarfi da suka tabbatar da koyarwarsa. A game da turawan mulkin mallaka, Gumi ya ce "Idan na tuna ɓarnar da mulkin mallakar Birtaniya ya yi a ƙasarmu, nakan riƙa mamakin yadda mutanenmu suka kwashe tsawon shekaru ba tare da sun fahimci hakan ba. "Hatta a tsakanin masu iliminmu, ƙalilan ne suke tsayawa su fahimci yadda mulkin mallaka ya illa ga tunaninmu".<ref>bbc</ref> == Littafin da ya yamutsa hazo == Littafin da Abubakar Gumi ya rubuta a shekara ta 1972 mai taken 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha bi-Muwafaqat al-Shar'i' ya haifar da zazzafar muhawara tsakanin Musulman arewacin Najeriya sanadiyyar kakkausar sukar da littafin ya yi kan wasu ayyuka na masu bin akidar sufanci. A wannan lokaci kusan ɗaukacin Musulman Najeriya na bin tsari ne na ɗariƙa, wadda ta samo asali daga koyarwa irin ta sufanci. Da farko Abubakar Gumi ya ce ya rubuta littafin ne domin amfanin masu ilimi, kasancewar koyarwar littafin zai yi tsaurin fahimta ga mabiya, waɗanda iliminsu bai yi nisa ba. Sai dai a lokacin da ya tafi Saudiyya, sai Mallam Isma'ila Idris ya ɗauki littafin ya yi wa'azi da shi a birnin Kaduna, wani abu da ya haifar da ruɗani, abin da ya kai ga dole sai da ya ajiye aikinsa na gwamnati a matsayin malami. Bayan ajiye aiki, Mallam Idris ya shiga aikin soja, inda ya yi aiki a garuruwa da dama na Najeriya, kafin mayar da shi garin Jos, kuma duk inda ya je ya riƙa koyar da karatu ta hanyar amfani da littafin Sheikh Gumi na 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha'. Wannan ne ya haifar da ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar Izalatil Bidi'a wa iƙamatussunnah a birnin Jos. Da'awar Gumi na kira ga Musulmi su yi aiki da karantarwar al-Ƙur'ani da kuma Hadisan Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) kawai, wani abu da ake ganin ya kawo gagarumin sauyi a yadda ake tafiyar da ibada a Najeriya da wasu ƙasashen da ke maƙwaftaka a lokacin.<ref>bbc</ref> == Wane ne Abubakar Gumi? == An haifi Abubakar Mahmud Gumi ne ranar Juma'a 7 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1924, wadda ita ce Juma'a ta ƙarshe ta watan Ramadan na shekara ta 1344 bayan hijira, kamar yadda malamin ya bayyana a cikin litattafinsa. Shahararren malamin addinin Musulunci ne kuma masanin shari'a, wanda ya kai har matsayin Alkalin Alkalai (Grand kadi) na arewacin Najeriya. Ya fara samun ilimi ne a wajen mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi. Sunan mahaifinsa Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, wanda ake kiransa da Na-Gumi, saboda zaman da ya yi a garin Gumi bayan zama a wurare daban-daban na ƙasar Hausa, kamar Katsina, Borno da Dutse. Mahaifin Abubakar Gumi ya kasance babban malamin addinin Musulunci da shari'a, kuma ɗaya daga cikin malamai da aka fi girmamawa a yankin Sokoto da Zamfara da kuma Kebbi a zamaninsa. Kakan mahaifin Abubakar Gumi shi ne Sheikh Aliyu Barou el-Badawi, wanda ya fito daga ƙabilar Larabawa ta Bedouin, waɗanda aka sani da kiwo a yankin Larabawa da arewacin nahiyar Afirka. Babu cikakken bayani kan yadda ya isa yankin Sokoto, amma dai ana ganin zuwan sa ba ya rasa nasaba da ziyarar da Larabawa suka riƙa yi zuwa ƙasar Hausa bayan ƙarni na 15, lokacin da Musulunci ya samu karɓuwa a ƙasar Hausa. Sunan mahaifiyar Abubakar Gumi Hafsatu, ɗiyar Malam Adamu, wadda mahaifinsa ya aura lokacin da yake koyarwa a Jega.<ref>bbc</ref> == Karatu == Abubakar Gumi ya fara karatunsa ne a hannun mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, inda ya haddace al-Ƙur'ani sannan kuma ya yi karatun litattafai da dama. Bayan nan a shekara ta 1933 ya shiga makarantar boko ta Dogon Daji Elementary School, inda daga baya aka mayar da shi makarantar Middle da ke Sokoto a shekara ta 1936. Daga nan ne ya tafi makarantar ilimin shari'a ta Kano. Sannan a shekara ta 1952 ya zurfafa karatu a makarantar koyar da Larabci ta Kano. Daga nan ne kuma ya yi karatun babbar difloma a cibiyar ilimi ta Bakht al-Rida da ke Sudan daga shekarar 1955 zuwa 1956. A shekarar 1987, Gumi ya lashe kyautar Sarki Faisal kan hidima ga addinin Muslunci. Daga cikin abubuwan da suka sa ya cancanci lambar girmamawar su ne wa'azi da kuma koyar da addinin Musulunci, taimakawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam da fassara alƙur'ani zuwa harshen Hausa da kuma rubuta litattafai na addinin Musulunci.<ref>bbc</ref> == Ayyukan ilimi == Abubakar Gumi ya yi gagarumar hidima ta hanyar rubuce-rubuce da kuma fassarar litattafai na addini.<ref>Bbc</ref> Litattafan da ya rubuta waɗanda suka fi yin fice sun haɗa da:<ref>Bbc</ref> * Tafsirin Al-ƙur'ani na '''Rad al-Azhan ila Ma'ani al-Qur`an''' * Al-Aqidah al-Sahiha bi Muwafaqat al-Shari'a * Kitab al-Nasihaila Amir MantiqatKatsina * Manufata / Where I Stand * Hal al-Niza` fi Mas´alatNuzul Isa alaih al-Salatwa al-Salam * Musulunchi da Abinda ke Rushe Shi * Zad al-Haj * Kitab Maratib al-Islam * Kitab Manasik al-hajwa al-Umra '''Fassara:''' * Fassarar ma'anonin al-Ƙur'ani mai girma * Fassarar Hadisai Arba'in (al-Nawawi) * Fassarar littafin Nur al-Bab * Fassarar littafin Hidayat al-Tullab fiAhamMasail al-Din == Rasuwa == Sheikh Abubakar Mahmoud Gumi ya rasu ne a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1992, a birnin Landan na ƙasar Birtaniya. A lokacin da ya rasu, al'umma sun girgiza kasancerwar sa mutumin da ya samu karɓuwa a tsakanin shugabanni da masu sarauta da kuma sauran al'umma. Gumi ya kasance malami, alƙali kuma tsani tsakanin shugabanni da talakawa. Baya ga batun addini, Sheikh Gumi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ɓangaren mulki da kuma ayyukan gwamnati. Ya kasance mai kusanci sosai ga masu mulki, sannan ya riƙa ƙarfafa wa al'ummar arewacin Najeriya, musamman Musulmai gwiwa wajen shiga ayyukan gwamnati da karatun zamani. Tsarin koyarwarsa ya sha bamban, inda ake yaba masa wajen haƙuri tare da ƙoƙarin ganin al'umma sun fahimci abin da yake koyarwa.<ref>bbc</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gumi, Abubakar Mahmud}} k70vf5vvpcfkp5nmhqkv6u5n0yx10x9 829817 829816 2026-05-05T04:34:37Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829817 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Sultan Bello mosque 05.jpg|thumb|Masallacin [[Masallacin Sarkin Musulmi Bello|Sultan Bello]] dake Kaduna inda Malam Abubakar Gumi ya yi limanci tare da gabatar da wa'azinsa.]] [[File:Abubakar Mahmoud Gummi.jpg|thumb|Malam Abubakar Gumi]] '''Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi''' (an haife shi a shekara 1962 –zuwa shekarar 1992)<ref name="HunwickO'Fahey1994">{{cite book|author1=John O. Hunwick|author2=Rex Séan O'Fahey|title=Arabic Literature of Africa: The writings of central Sudanic Africa Vol.2. Volume 13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nKXOThUEpcC&pg=PA551dq=Abubakar+Gumi+1922|year=1994|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-10494-1|page=551}}</ref> malamin Addinin Musulunci ne ɗan Najeriya kuma alkalin alƙalai na yankin [[Arewacin Najeriya]], matsayin da ya sanya shi zama cibiyar tafsirin tsarin shari’a a yankin. Ya kasance na kusa da [[Ahmadu Bello]], Firimiyan Arewa a shekarun alif 1950 zuwa 1960 kuma ya zama Grand Khadi a shekarata 1967, Kafin a soke wannan mukamin daga baya. Gumi ya fito a matsayin shugaba mai faɗa a ji a lokacin mulkin mallaka, inda yake ganin tsarin mulkin kai tsaye ya raunana ƙarfin addini na sarakuna da kuma karfafa Turawan Yamma. Tun daga shekarun alif 1960 ne ake samun rigingimu tsakanin jama’a tsakaninsa da shugabannin ‘yan’uwantakar Sufaye, waɗanda daga baya ya yi muhawara a shirye-shiryen talabijin a shekarun alif 1970 zuwa shekarata alif 1980. A wannan lokacin ya ci gaba da maida hankalinsa wajen gudanar da tarukan juma'a a cikin babban masallacin Kaduna ([[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]). Ya yi amfani da zaman wajen Farfado da sukar da ya ke yi wa hukumomi bisa ga ra'ayinsa na koma baya ga tsarin tushen ko kuma bukatar rungumar aikin tsafta na Musulunci. Ya kuma yi suka da kakkausar murya kan shigar sufanci. Yana da ’ya’ya da yawa, daga ciki akwai [[Ahmad Gumi|Dr. Ahmad Abubakar Gumi]] wanda ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin malamin babban masallacin Kaduna (Sultan Bello), Dakta Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] Zariya. kuma tsohon hafsan soji ne, ya bar aikin soja, ya yi tattaki zuwa jami'ar umm al-Qura da ke [[Makkah]], ƙasar [[Saudiyya]] inda ya yi karatun digirin digirgir (PhD). Gumi mabiyin mazhabar [[malikiyya]] ne, wannan ya samo asali ne ta hanyar rubuce-rubucensa da suka haɗa da tafsirin alkur'ani (Raddul azhaan ila ma'anil kur'an). da sauran littafai kamar (hullu nizam ala nuzuul isa) da (Al-Aqidatus As-Saheehah bi muwafaqati ash- Shari'ah) da sauransu == Karatu == Ya yi karatu da rubuce-rubuce a kan addinin [[musulunci]] sosai, ya fassara [[Qur'an|Qur'ani]] zuwa [[Hausa|harshen Hausa]], kuma shi ne mutum na farko daya rubuta tarjama wato fassarar ɗai-ɗaikun ayoyin dake Alkur'ani.<ref>John N. Paden, Muslim Civic Cultures and Conflict Resolution: the challenge of democratic federalism in Nigeria, Brookings Institution Press, 2005. p 60. ISBN 0-8157-6817-6</ref> Hakan ne ya sa ya samu nasarar samun kyautar Sarki Faisal(King Faisal Award), daga ƙasar saudiya. Malamin dai ya kasance babban aboki kuma mai ba wa Firimiya [[Ahmadu Bello]] sardaunan Sakkwato shawara. Shi ne mahaifin Dakta Shaykh [[Ahmad Gumi]]. == Shahara == Gumi ya shahara tun lokacin mulkin mallakar Turawa a matsayin mai faɗa a ji, yana sukar salon Mulkin [[Turawa]], cewa ya karya lagon sarakunan Musulmi kuma hakan yana Ƙara karfafa al'adun Turai a ƙasashen musulunci. A farkon shekara ta 1960 an samu barkewar rikici tsakanin sa da malaman sufaye wanda daga baya rikicin ya koma muhawara a gidajen rediyo da talabijin a shekarun 1970 zuwa shekara ta 1980.<ref>The Independent: "Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi" by Karl Maier 16 September 1992</ref> Ya riƙa amfani da ranakun Juma'a a matsayin lokutan yada akidunsa a babban masallacin Juma'a na [[Kaduna]] mai suna [[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]. == Dangi == Abubakar Gumi ba a san takamaiman yawan yayansa ba, amma mafi shahara a cikinsu shi ne Dr. [[Ahmad Gumi]] Wanda shi ne ya gaji Mahaifinsa a matsayin mai gabatar da wa'azi a masallacin na Sultan Bello dake Kaduna. Dr Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke [[Zariya]]. Kuma tsohon jami'in sojin Nijeriya ne, ya bar aikin soja inda ya tafi zuwa ƙasar Saudiyya domin karanta ilimin fikihu, a jami'ar [[Ummul Quraa]] da ke birnin [[Makkah|Makka]] inda ya samu shaidar digirin digir-gir.<ref>John Owen Hunwick. Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan, Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. ISBN 0-8101-1037-7</ref> [[File:Nigerian Public Domain 105.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Abubakar Gumi a shekarar 1970.]] == Tarihi == === Rayuwar farko da ilimi === An haifi Gumi a kauyen Gummi (yanzu karamar hukuma ce a jihar Zamfara ) a ranar Juma'ar karshe na watan Ramadan shekara ta 1344, ga iyalan Mahmud, malamin addinin Musulunci kuma Alkali (alkali) na Gummi. Iliminsa ya fara ne a bangon danginsa lokacin yana dalibin koyarwar addinin musulunci na mahaifinsa. Daga nan ya wuce makarantar da ke karkashin kulawar wani Malami mai suna Musa da ke Ambursa a lardin Sakkwato . A nan aka gabatar da shi ilimin Fiqhu da karanta littafai da waqoqin yabo ga Annabi. Makarantar boko ta farko da ya yi ita ce makarantar firamare ta Dogondaji, yayin da a makarantar firamare ya hadu da Sarkin Musulmi na 18 a nan gaba, Ibrahim Dasuki, kuma ya yi fice a harkokin addini. An nada shi Hakimin Salla (shugaban sallah) kuma an dora masa alhakin ciyar da dalibai ayyukan addini. A cikin shekara guda aka mayar da shi Makarantar Midil ta Sakkwato, inda Ahmadu Bello yake koyarwa. A nan ne ya saba da Shehu Shagari, da Waziri Muhammadu Junaidu, da Yahaya Gusau; na baya-bayan nan shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam, wata fitacciyar kungiyar Musulmi ta Najeriya . Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na secondary ya tafi [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] inda ya karanta fannin shari'a sannan ya samu horon Qadi . Ya fara aiki a matsayin magatakarda ga Qadi Attahiru amma ba da jimawa ba ya rasa nasaba da takamaiman aikinsa. Ya ba da darussa na sirri kan Musulunci da [[tafsiri]] a matsayin kubuta daga bacin ransa. Ya rasa mahaifinsa a shekara ta 1937 a lokacin da yake makarantar sakandare. Ya yi aure bayan shekara 3 da Maryama a shekarar 1941 yana dan shekara 19. <ref name="IndependentObit">{{Cite web |date=1992-09-15 |title=Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sheikh-abubakar-mahmud-gumi-1551628.html |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> === Farkon aiki === A shekarar 1947 Abubakar Gumi ya bar aikin sakatare na Qadi Attahiru ya tafi koyarwa a makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta Kano, wadda ya taba halarta a baya. A lokacin da yake Kano, ya hadu da Sheik Sa'id Hayatu, dan shugaban Mahdiyya na karni na 19, Hayatu ibn Sa'id, kuma wani mutum da ake ganin yana daya daga cikin fitattun wadanda mulkin mallaka ya rutsa da su. Shi ne shugaban kungiyar Mahdiyya, kuma ya dawo daga zaman tilas a kasar Kamaru . Abubakar ya shaku da koyarwar harkar Mahdiyya, a takaice ya zama mabiyi; Daga baya ya auri diyar Hayatu, Maryam. Duk da haka, ta rasu bayan ta haifi ɗa namiji. Dan Abubakar Gumi na farko ba Ahmad Abubakar ba ne, Dr Hamza Abubakar likita ne da ke aiki a yanzu haka a birnin Riyadh na kasar Saudiyya, sai kuma Manjo Janar Abdulkadir Abubakar (rtd) da kuma yaya mata biyu – daya ya auri marigayi Mai shari’a Muhammadu Bello, tsohon alkalin alkalai na tarayya, dayan kuma ta auri Sheik Sunusi Gumbi, sanannen malamin addinin musulunci kuma dalibin Abubakar Gumi. A 1949 Gumi ya sami aikin koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru, Sakkwato. Makarantar tana da wani shahararren malami mai suna [[Aminu Kano]], wanda shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar malamai ta Arewa kuma mai kula da wasu ‘yan [[Makarantar Islamiyya|makarantun musulmi]] . Aminu da Gumi sun yi cudanya tare da raba ra’ayoyi kan tasirin al’ummar gargajiya da addinin Musulunci, da kuma halin ko in kula ko goyon bayan da ‘yan’uwan Sufaye suke ba wa halin da ake ciki na [[Bida|Bidi’a]] . Ya bar Maru ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar koyon Larabci da ke Kano. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya zama malami na tsawon shekaru biyu a makarantar. Ya kuma halarci makarantar ilimi a Sudan. <ref name="Hunwick">John Owen Hunwick. ''Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan'', Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. {{ISBN|0-8101-1037-7}}</ref> A 1957 ya zama mai fassara ga gwamnatin Arewacin Najeriya kan al'amuran [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] . == Rikici == Abubakar Gumi yana da ra'ayi game da tsarin mulki da na addini na jami'an masarautu a Arewacin Najeriya. Rikicin akidarsa na farko da hukumomi shine a Maru. Rikici ya shafi aikin Tayamum . Babban Limamin Masallacin Maru ya kasance yana yin wanka da yashi (Tayammum) gabanin Sallah yayin da Gumi ya yi nuni da cewa Tayammu ana amfani da ita ne kawai idan ba a samu ruwa ba, kuma ana samun ruwa sosai a Maru . Gumi ya ci gaba da kalubalantar wannan al’ada, inda ya nemi dalibai da kada su fito don yin Sallah har sai Imam ya fasa yin Taimiyya. Sai dai Gumi wanda a baya ya rubuta kakkausar murya kan Sarkin Musulmi, yanzu ya samu Sarkin Musulmi yana sha’awar kokensa da babban limamin Maru. An kafa kwamitin bincike kan lamarin tare da goyon bayan Sarkin Musulmi. Sai dai da yake Gumi ya fi sanin aqidar Musulunci, haka nan kuma basirarsa ta gardama, sai hukumar ta yanke hukunci a kan Gumi. [1] Bayan samun nasara kadan a kan Sarkin Musulmi, Gumi ya yi amfani da hankalin da ya samu ta hanyar rubuta wata kasida mai mahimmanci a kan batun Musulmi, musamman Sarkin Musulmi, ya karbi mukaman Ingila . A lokacin, sannu a hankali ya fara ƙalubalantar imani da halaye na ayyuka a tsakanin al'ummar musulmi. [ abubuwan da ake bukata ] Wani harin da Gumi ya kai shi ne kungiyar [[Ahmadiyya]] karkashin jagorancin [[Jibril Martin]] . Yunkurin ya kasance manufa mai sauƙi ga Gumi, saboda wasu ra'ayoyin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar sun yi hannun riga da ainihin akidar Musulunci, kamar yadda wanda ya kafa ya sanya kansa a matsayin annabci . Daga baya Gumi ya fara fargabar wannan harkar ne sakamakon kwarewar tsarin kungiya na wanda ya assasa Najeriya, a hankali kungiyar ta shiga cikin hukumar alhazai ta yammacin Najeriya, sannan ta kafa makarantun almajirai a Kudu sannan kuma ya tashi zuwa arewa wajen yada manufofin Ahmadiyya. Gumi ya dauki wannan kalubale cikin sauki sannan aka dakile manufar kungiyar ta arewa. == Bayyanarshi a Kafafen yaɗa labarai == Sheik Gumi ya yi hajjin sa na farko zuwa Makka a shekarar 1955 kuma Ahmadu Bello ne ya hada shi da shi. Yayin da yake Makka ya yi tafsirin ayyukan addinin Musulunci tare da Bello da Sarki Sa'ud. Ya kuma sadu da dimbin al'ummar al'ummar musulmi ko kuma al'ummar musulmi a kasar Saudiyya, wadanda da yawa daga baya suka zama masu kyautata masa bayan rasuwar Ahmadu Bello a shekarar 1966. Da ya dawo Najeriya ya fara koyarwa a Makarantar Koyon Larabci da ke Kano da kuma wasu Makarantun Musulmi da kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam (JNI) ta kafa wacce ke kusa da birnin Kaduna. Babban bangare na koyarwarsa ya mayar da hankali kan bambance-bambancen al'ada da addini, da yadda za a fahimta da kuma rungumar asalin Musulunci. Ya kuma rubuta tafsirin kur'ani wanda akasari a kan sunna, ya kuma fassara kur'ani daga Larabci zuwa Hausa . Wannan tsari ya kai ga yada Littafi Mai Tsarki ga dimbin jama’ar Arewacin Najeriya, kuma ra’ayoyinsa da sakonsa kan muhimman koyarwar Musulunci sun fara samun dimbin masu sauraro. [1] Sai dai adawar da ya yi da manyan 'yan uwantakar Sufaye kamar Tijjaniyya da Qadiriyya ta jawo masa suka a kai a kai, kuma wasu daga cikin musulmi suka rika kai masa hari kan tafsirinsa; ya kan amsa da cewa su ci gaba da yin tafsirin nasu, idan ba sa son nasa. [1] A shekarun 1970 ya zama mai yawan fitowa a shirye-shiryen talabijin, musamman a lokutan bukukuwan Musulunci. "Lokacin da muka je wurin jifan shaiɗan (Jamra) sa'ilin aikin Hajji, sai mutanenmu suka riƙa yin wasu abubuwa marasa ma'ana. "Wasu suka riƙa nemo manyan duwatsu, wasu kuma suka riƙa cire takalmansu suna jifan jamrah, suna zage-zage da furta munanan kalamai, da sunan jifan shaiɗan." Wannan na daga cikin abubuwan da suka sanya Sheikh Abubakar Gumi ya yi yunƙuri a hukumance na sake faɗakar da mabiya addinin Musulunci a Najeriya yadda ake yin addini, bayan sanar da Firimiyan arewa na farko Ahmadu Bello, kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗaliban marigayin, Sheikh Yusuf Sambo Rigachikun ya tabbatar wa BBC. Wannan yunƙuri ya haifar da kafa wasu ƙungiyoyi guda biyu waɗanda suka jagoranci tafiyar da lamurran addinin Musulunci a Najeriya - Jama'atu Nasril Islam, sai kuma daga baya Jama'atu Izalatil Bidi'a wa Iqamatussunnah - lamarin da ya yi tasiri kan miliyoyin mabiya addinin a Najeriya. Shekara 33 bayan rasuwarsa, miliyoyin Musulmai a Najeriya na ci gaba da bin koyarwarsa, sannan ƙungiyoyin da ya jagoranci kafawa ne a gaba-gaba wajen yaɗawa da kuma tafiyar da al'amuran Musulunci a ƙasar. Baya ga Shehu Usman Danfodiyo, wanda ya yi jihadin sake ɗabbaƙa addinin Musulunci a ƙasar Hausa a farkon shekarun 1800, ana ganin cewa babu wani malami da koyarsa ta Musulunci ta yi tasiri a Najeriya kamar Abubakar Gumi. Wasu masana addini ma na ganin tasirin da Gumi ya yi "ta fi" ta Usman Danfodio, kasancewar a lokacinsa akwai hanyoyin sadarwa irin su talabijin da rediyo da hanyar wallafa litattafai da jaridu, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen yaɗa ayyukansa a ƙasar Hausa da maƙwafta. <ref>Bbc</ref> == Kawo sauyi == Tun kafin yunƙurin samar da ƙungiyoyin sake ilimantar da Musulman Najeriya kan ibada, Abubakar Gumi ya kasance mutum mai neman kawo sauyi, lamarin da ya sa ya yi ƙaurin suna tsakanin malamai da sarakuna har ma da turawan mulkin mallaka. A cikin littafinsa na Manufata, Gumi ya tuno yadda ya ƙalubalanci malaman addinin Musulunci waɗanda suke yin addini "yadda suka ga dama". Gumi ya ce "Sufanci ya zamo jiki a tsakanin al'umma ta yadda babu wanda ya damu ya binciki ko ya yi daidai da koyawar al-Ƙur'ani da hadisan annabi Muhammad". Irin wannan yunƙuri nasa ya fara jan hankali ne a lokacin da yake koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru a shekarar 1949. A lokacin ya fahimci yadda malaman addini da kuma sauran al'umma ke cakuɗa ibada da al'adu ko wasu abubuwa na daban. Limamin Juma'a na Maru a wancan lokaci ya kasance yana yin taimama domin yin sallah a maimakon alwala da ruwa, duk kuwa da wadatuwar ruwan da kuma rashin wata hujja ta yin taimamar. Bayan yunƙurin da ya yi na faɗakar da limamin game da 'haramcin' hakan, amma abin ya ci tura, Gumi ya hana ɗalibansa halartar sallar Juma'a a babban masallacin Maru, inda ya riƙa jan su sallah a cikin makaranta. A matsayin martani, sarkin Maru ya rubuta takardar ƙorafi kan Abubakar Gumi zuwa ga fadar sarkin Musulmi da kuma hukumomi turawan mulkin mallaka. Sai dai a ƙarshe Abubakar Gumi ne ya yi nasara ta hanyar gabatar da hujjoji masu ƙarfi da suka tabbatar da koyarwarsa. A game da turawan mulkin mallaka, Gumi ya ce "Idan na tuna ɓarnar da mulkin mallakar Birtaniya ya yi a ƙasarmu, nakan riƙa mamakin yadda mutanenmu suka kwashe tsawon shekaru ba tare da sun fahimci hakan ba. "Hatta a tsakanin masu iliminmu, ƙalilan ne suke tsayawa su fahimci yadda mulkin mallaka ya illa ga tunaninmu".<ref>bbc</ref> == Littafin da ya yamutsa hazo == Littafin da Abubakar Gumi ya rubuta a shekara ta 1972 mai taken 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha bi-Muwafaqat al-Shar'i' ya haifar da zazzafar muhawara tsakanin Musulman arewacin Najeriya sanadiyyar kakkausar sukar da littafin ya yi kan wasu ayyuka na masu bin akidar sufanci. A wannan lokaci kusan ɗaukacin Musulman Najeriya na bin tsari ne na ɗariƙa, wadda ta samo asali daga koyarwa irin ta sufanci. Da farko Abubakar Gumi ya ce ya rubuta littafin ne domin amfanin masu ilimi, kasancewar koyarwar littafin zai yi tsaurin fahimta ga mabiya, waɗanda iliminsu bai yi nisa ba. Sai dai a lokacin da ya tafi Saudiyya, sai Mallam Isma'ila Idris ya ɗauki littafin ya yi wa'azi da shi a birnin Kaduna, wani abu da ya haifar da ruɗani, abin da ya kai ga dole sai da ya ajiye aikinsa na gwamnati a matsayin malami. Bayan ajiye aiki, Mallam Idris ya shiga aikin soja, inda ya yi aiki a garuruwa da dama na Najeriya, kafin mayar da shi garin Jos, kuma duk inda ya je ya riƙa koyar da karatu ta hanyar amfani da littafin Sheikh Gumi na 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha'. Wannan ne ya haifar da ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar Izalatil Bidi'a wa iƙamatussunnah a birnin Jos. Da'awar Gumi na kira ga Musulmi su yi aiki da karantarwar al-Ƙur'ani da kuma Hadisan Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) kawai, wani abu da ake ganin ya kawo gagarumin sauyi a yadda ake tafiyar da ibada a Najeriya da wasu ƙasashen da ke maƙwaftaka a lokacin.<ref>bbc</ref> == Wane ne Abubakar Gumi? == An haifi Abubakar Mahmud Gumi ne ranar Juma'a 7 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1924, wadda ita ce Juma'a ta ƙarshe ta watan Ramadan na shekara ta 1344 bayan hijira, kamar yadda malamin ya bayyana a cikin litattafinsa. Shahararren malamin addinin Musulunci ne kuma masanin shari'a, wanda ya kai har matsayin Alkalin Alkalai (Grand kadi) na arewacin Najeriya. Ya fara samun ilimi ne a wajen mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi. Sunan mahaifinsa Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, wanda ake kiransa da Na-Gumi, saboda zaman da ya yi a garin Gumi bayan zama a wurare daban-daban na ƙasar Hausa, kamar Katsina, Borno da Dutse. Mahaifin Abubakar Gumi ya kasance babban malamin addinin Musulunci da shari'a, kuma ɗaya daga cikin malamai da aka fi girmamawa a yankin Sokoto da Zamfara da kuma Kebbi a zamaninsa. Kakan mahaifin Abubakar Gumi shi ne Sheikh Aliyu Barou el-Badawi, wanda ya fito daga ƙabilar Larabawa ta Bedouin, waɗanda aka sani da kiwo a yankin Larabawa da arewacin nahiyar Afirka. Babu cikakken bayani kan yadda ya isa yankin Sokoto, amma dai ana ganin zuwan sa ba ya rasa nasaba da ziyarar da Larabawa suka riƙa yi zuwa ƙasar Hausa bayan ƙarni na 15, lokacin da Musulunci ya samu karɓuwa a ƙasar Hausa. Sunan mahaifiyar Abubakar Gumi Hafsatu, ɗiyar Malam Adamu, wadda mahaifinsa ya aura lokacin da yake koyarwa a Jega.<ref>bbc</ref> == Karatu == Abubakar Gumi ya fara karatunsa ne a hannun mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, inda ya haddace al-Ƙur'ani sannan kuma ya yi karatun litattafai da dama. Bayan nan a shekara ta 1933 ya shiga makarantar boko ta Dogon Daji Elementary School, inda daga baya aka mayar da shi makarantar Middle da ke Sokoto a shekara ta 1936. Daga nan ne ya tafi makarantar ilimin shari'a ta Kano. Sannan a shekara ta 1952 ya zurfafa karatu a makarantar koyar da Larabci ta Kano. Daga nan ne kuma ya yi karatun babbar difloma a cibiyar ilimi ta Bakht al-Rida da ke Sudan daga shekarar 1955 zuwa 1956. A shekarar 1987, Gumi ya lashe kyautar Sarki Faisal kan hidima ga addinin Muslunci. Daga cikin abubuwan da suka sa ya cancanci lambar girmamawar su ne wa'azi da kuma koyar da addinin Musulunci, taimakawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam da fassara alƙur'ani zuwa harshen Hausa da kuma rubuta litattafai na addinin Musulunci.<ref>bbc</ref> == Ayyukan ilimi == Abubakar Gumi ya yi gagarumar hidima ta hanyar rubuce-rubuce da kuma fassarar litattafai na addini.<ref>Bbc</ref> Litattafan da ya rubuta waɗanda suka fi yin fice sun haɗa da:<ref>Bbc</ref> * Tafsirin Al-ƙur'ani na '''Rad al-Azhan ila Ma'ani al-Qur`an''' * Al-Aqidah al-Sahiha bi Muwafaqat al-Shari'a * Kitab al-Nasihaila Amir MantiqatKatsina * Manufata / Where I Stand * Hal al-Niza` fi Mas´alatNuzul Isa alaih al-Salatwa al-Salam * Musulunchi da Abinda ke Rushe Shi * Zad al-Haj * Kitab Maratib al-Islam * Kitab Manasik al-hajwa al-Umra '''Fassara:''' * Fassarar ma'anonin al-Ƙur'ani mai girma * Fassarar Hadisai Arba'in (al-Nawawi) * Fassarar littafin Nur al-Bab * Fassarar littafin Hidayat al-Tullab fiAhamMasail al-Din == Rasuwa == Sheikh Abubakar Mahmoud Gumi ya rasu ne a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1992, a birnin Landan na ƙasar Birtaniya. A lokacin da ya rasu, al'umma sun girgiza kasancerwar sa mutumin da ya samu karɓuwa a tsakanin shugabanni da masu sarauta da kuma sauran al'umma. Gumi ya kasance malami, alƙali kuma tsani tsakanin shugabanni da talakawa. Baya ga batun addini, Sheikh Gumi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ɓangaren mulki da kuma ayyukan gwamnati. Ya kasance mai kusanci sosai ga masu mulki, sannan ya riƙa ƙarfafa wa al'ummar arewacin Najeriya, musamman Musulmai gwiwa wajen shiga ayyukan gwamnati da karatun zamani. Tsarin koyarwarsa ya sha bamban, inda ake yaba masa wajen haƙuri tare da ƙoƙarin ganin al'umma sun fahimci abin da yake koyarwa.<ref>bbc</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gumi, Abubakar Mahmud}} r56vn0q9r63jaooqezlr2yp4xysmqad 829818 829817 2026-05-05T04:35:04Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829818 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Sultan Bello mosque 05.jpg|thumb|Masallacin [[Masallacin Sarkin Musulmi Bello|Sultan Bello]] dake Kaduna inda Malam Abubakar Gummi ya yi limanci tare da gabatar da wa'azinsa.]] [[File:Abubakar Mahmoud Gummi.jpg|thumb|Malam Abubakar Gumi]] '''Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi''' (an haife shi a shekara 1962 –zuwa shekarar 1992)<ref name="HunwickO'Fahey1994">{{cite book|author1=John O. Hunwick|author2=Rex Séan O'Fahey|title=Arabic Literature of Africa: The writings of central Sudanic Africa Vol.2. Volume 13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nKXOThUEpcC&pg=PA551dq=Abubakar+Gumi+1922|year=1994|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-10494-1|page=551}}</ref> malamin Addinin Musulunci ne ɗan Najeriya kuma alkalin alƙalai na yankin [[Arewacin Najeriya]], matsayin da ya sanya shi zama cibiyar tafsirin tsarin shari’a a yankin. Ya kasance na kusa da [[Ahmadu Bello]], Firimiyan Arewa a shekarun alif 1950 zuwa 1960 kuma ya zama Grand Khadi a shekarata 1967, Kafin a soke wannan mukamin daga baya. Gumi ya fito a matsayin shugaba mai faɗa a ji a lokacin mulkin mallaka, inda yake ganin tsarin mulkin kai tsaye ya raunana ƙarfin addini na sarakuna da kuma karfafa Turawan Yamma. Tun daga shekarun alif 1960 ne ake samun rigingimu tsakanin jama’a tsakaninsa da shugabannin ‘yan’uwantakar Sufaye, waɗanda daga baya ya yi muhawara a shirye-shiryen talabijin a shekarun alif 1970 zuwa shekarata alif 1980. A wannan lokacin ya ci gaba da maida hankalinsa wajen gudanar da tarukan juma'a a cikin babban masallacin Kaduna ([[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]). Ya yi amfani da zaman wajen Farfado da sukar da ya ke yi wa hukumomi bisa ga ra'ayinsa na koma baya ga tsarin tushen ko kuma bukatar rungumar aikin tsafta na Musulunci. Ya kuma yi suka da kakkausar murya kan shigar sufanci. Yana da ’ya’ya da yawa, daga ciki akwai [[Ahmad Gumi|Dr. Ahmad Abubakar Gumi]] wanda ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin malamin babban masallacin Kaduna (Sultan Bello), Dakta Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] Zariya. kuma tsohon hafsan soji ne, ya bar aikin soja, ya yi tattaki zuwa jami'ar umm al-Qura da ke [[Makkah]], ƙasar [[Saudiyya]] inda ya yi karatun digirin digirgir (PhD). Gumi mabiyin mazhabar [[malikiyya]] ne, wannan ya samo asali ne ta hanyar rubuce-rubucensa da suka haɗa da tafsirin alkur'ani (Raddul azhaan ila ma'anil kur'an). da sauran littafai kamar (hullu nizam ala nuzuul isa) da (Al-Aqidatus As-Saheehah bi muwafaqati ash- Shari'ah) da sauransu == Karatu == Ya yi karatu da rubuce-rubuce a kan addinin [[musulunci]] sosai, ya fassara [[Qur'an|Qur'ani]] zuwa [[Hausa|harshen Hausa]], kuma shi ne mutum na farko daya rubuta tarjama wato fassarar ɗai-ɗaikun ayoyin dake Alkur'ani.<ref>John N. Paden, Muslim Civic Cultures and Conflict Resolution: the challenge of democratic federalism in Nigeria, Brookings Institution Press, 2005. p 60. ISBN 0-8157-6817-6</ref> Hakan ne ya sa ya samu nasarar samun kyautar Sarki Faisal(King Faisal Award), daga ƙasar saudiya. Malamin dai ya kasance babban aboki kuma mai ba wa Firimiya [[Ahmadu Bello]] sardaunan Sakkwato shawara. Shi ne mahaifin Dakta Shaykh [[Ahmad Gumi]]. == Shahara == Gumi ya shahara tun lokacin mulkin mallakar Turawa a matsayin mai faɗa a ji, yana sukar salon Mulkin [[Turawa]], cewa ya karya lagon sarakunan Musulmi kuma hakan yana Ƙara karfafa al'adun Turai a ƙasashen musulunci. A farkon shekara ta 1960 an samu barkewar rikici tsakanin sa da malaman sufaye wanda daga baya rikicin ya koma muhawara a gidajen rediyo da talabijin a shekarun 1970 zuwa shekara ta 1980.<ref>The Independent: "Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi" by Karl Maier 16 September 1992</ref> Ya riƙa amfani da ranakun Juma'a a matsayin lokutan yada akidunsa a babban masallacin Juma'a na [[Kaduna]] mai suna [[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]. == Dangi == Abubakar Gumi ba a san takamaiman yawan yayansa ba, amma mafi shahara a cikinsu shi ne Dr. [[Ahmad Gumi]] Wanda shi ne ya gaji Mahaifinsa a matsayin mai gabatar da wa'azi a masallacin na Sultan Bello dake Kaduna. Dr Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke [[Zariya]]. Kuma tsohon jami'in sojin Nijeriya ne, ya bar aikin soja inda ya tafi zuwa ƙasar Saudiyya domin karanta ilimin fikihu, a jami'ar [[Ummul Quraa]] da ke birnin [[Makkah|Makka]] inda ya samu shaidar digirin digir-gir.<ref>John Owen Hunwick. Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan, Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. ISBN 0-8101-1037-7</ref> [[File:Nigerian Public Domain 105.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Abubakar Gumi a shekarar 1970.]] == Tarihi == === Rayuwar farko da ilimi === An haifi Gumi a kauyen Gummi (yanzu karamar hukuma ce a jihar Zamfara ) a ranar Juma'ar karshe na watan Ramadan shekara ta 1344, ga iyalan Mahmud, malamin addinin Musulunci kuma Alkali (alkali) na Gummi. Iliminsa ya fara ne a bangon danginsa lokacin yana dalibin koyarwar addinin musulunci na mahaifinsa. Daga nan ya wuce makarantar da ke karkashin kulawar wani Malami mai suna Musa da ke Ambursa a lardin Sakkwato . A nan aka gabatar da shi ilimin Fiqhu da karanta littafai da waqoqin yabo ga Annabi. Makarantar boko ta farko da ya yi ita ce makarantar firamare ta Dogondaji, yayin da a makarantar firamare ya hadu da Sarkin Musulmi na 18 a nan gaba, Ibrahim Dasuki, kuma ya yi fice a harkokin addini. An nada shi Hakimin Salla (shugaban sallah) kuma an dora masa alhakin ciyar da dalibai ayyukan addini. A cikin shekara guda aka mayar da shi Makarantar Midil ta Sakkwato, inda Ahmadu Bello yake koyarwa. A nan ne ya saba da Shehu Shagari, da Waziri Muhammadu Junaidu, da Yahaya Gusau; na baya-bayan nan shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam, wata fitacciyar kungiyar Musulmi ta Najeriya . Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na secondary ya tafi [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] inda ya karanta fannin shari'a sannan ya samu horon Qadi . Ya fara aiki a matsayin magatakarda ga Qadi Attahiru amma ba da jimawa ba ya rasa nasaba da takamaiman aikinsa. Ya ba da darussa na sirri kan Musulunci da [[tafsiri]] a matsayin kubuta daga bacin ransa. Ya rasa mahaifinsa a shekara ta 1937 a lokacin da yake makarantar sakandare. Ya yi aure bayan shekara 3 da Maryama a shekarar 1941 yana dan shekara 19. <ref name="IndependentObit">{{Cite web |date=1992-09-15 |title=Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sheikh-abubakar-mahmud-gumi-1551628.html |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> === Farkon aiki === A shekarar 1947 Abubakar Gumi ya bar aikin sakatare na Qadi Attahiru ya tafi koyarwa a makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta Kano, wadda ya taba halarta a baya. A lokacin da yake Kano, ya hadu da Sheik Sa'id Hayatu, dan shugaban Mahdiyya na karni na 19, Hayatu ibn Sa'id, kuma wani mutum da ake ganin yana daya daga cikin fitattun wadanda mulkin mallaka ya rutsa da su. Shi ne shugaban kungiyar Mahdiyya, kuma ya dawo daga zaman tilas a kasar Kamaru . Abubakar ya shaku da koyarwar harkar Mahdiyya, a takaice ya zama mabiyi; Daga baya ya auri diyar Hayatu, Maryam. Duk da haka, ta rasu bayan ta haifi ɗa namiji. Dan Abubakar Gumi na farko ba Ahmad Abubakar ba ne, Dr Hamza Abubakar likita ne da ke aiki a yanzu haka a birnin Riyadh na kasar Saudiyya, sai kuma Manjo Janar Abdulkadir Abubakar (rtd) da kuma yaya mata biyu – daya ya auri marigayi Mai shari’a Muhammadu Bello, tsohon alkalin alkalai na tarayya, dayan kuma ta auri Sheik Sunusi Gumbi, sanannen malamin addinin musulunci kuma dalibin Abubakar Gumi. A 1949 Gumi ya sami aikin koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru, Sakkwato. Makarantar tana da wani shahararren malami mai suna [[Aminu Kano]], wanda shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar malamai ta Arewa kuma mai kula da wasu ‘yan [[Makarantar Islamiyya|makarantun musulmi]] . Aminu da Gumi sun yi cudanya tare da raba ra’ayoyi kan tasirin al’ummar gargajiya da addinin Musulunci, da kuma halin ko in kula ko goyon bayan da ‘yan’uwan Sufaye suke ba wa halin da ake ciki na [[Bida|Bidi’a]] . Ya bar Maru ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar koyon Larabci da ke Kano. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya zama malami na tsawon shekaru biyu a makarantar. Ya kuma halarci makarantar ilimi a Sudan. <ref name="Hunwick">John Owen Hunwick. ''Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan'', Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. {{ISBN|0-8101-1037-7}}</ref> A 1957 ya zama mai fassara ga gwamnatin Arewacin Najeriya kan al'amuran [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] . == Rikici == Abubakar Gumi yana da ra'ayi game da tsarin mulki da na addini na jami'an masarautu a Arewacin Najeriya. Rikicin akidarsa na farko da hukumomi shine a Maru. Rikici ya shafi aikin Tayamum . Babban Limamin Masallacin Maru ya kasance yana yin wanka da yashi (Tayammum) gabanin Sallah yayin da Gumi ya yi nuni da cewa Tayammu ana amfani da ita ne kawai idan ba a samu ruwa ba, kuma ana samun ruwa sosai a Maru . Gumi ya ci gaba da kalubalantar wannan al’ada, inda ya nemi dalibai da kada su fito don yin Sallah har sai Imam ya fasa yin Taimiyya. Sai dai Gumi wanda a baya ya rubuta kakkausar murya kan Sarkin Musulmi, yanzu ya samu Sarkin Musulmi yana sha’awar kokensa da babban limamin Maru. An kafa kwamitin bincike kan lamarin tare da goyon bayan Sarkin Musulmi. Sai dai da yake Gumi ya fi sanin aqidar Musulunci, haka nan kuma basirarsa ta gardama, sai hukumar ta yanke hukunci a kan Gumi. [1] Bayan samun nasara kadan a kan Sarkin Musulmi, Gumi ya yi amfani da hankalin da ya samu ta hanyar rubuta wata kasida mai mahimmanci a kan batun Musulmi, musamman Sarkin Musulmi, ya karbi mukaman Ingila . A lokacin, sannu a hankali ya fara ƙalubalantar imani da halaye na ayyuka a tsakanin al'ummar musulmi. [ abubuwan da ake bukata ] Wani harin da Gumi ya kai shi ne kungiyar [[Ahmadiyya]] karkashin jagorancin [[Jibril Martin]] . Yunkurin ya kasance manufa mai sauƙi ga Gumi, saboda wasu ra'ayoyin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar sun yi hannun riga da ainihin akidar Musulunci, kamar yadda wanda ya kafa ya sanya kansa a matsayin annabci . Daga baya Gumi ya fara fargabar wannan harkar ne sakamakon kwarewar tsarin kungiya na wanda ya assasa Najeriya, a hankali kungiyar ta shiga cikin hukumar alhazai ta yammacin Najeriya, sannan ta kafa makarantun almajirai a Kudu sannan kuma ya tashi zuwa arewa wajen yada manufofin Ahmadiyya. Gumi ya dauki wannan kalubale cikin sauki sannan aka dakile manufar kungiyar ta arewa. == Bayyanarshi a Kafafen yaɗa labarai == Sheik Gumi ya yi hajjin sa na farko zuwa Makka a shekarar 1955 kuma Ahmadu Bello ne ya hada shi da shi. Yayin da yake Makka ya yi tafsirin ayyukan addinin Musulunci tare da Bello da Sarki Sa'ud. Ya kuma sadu da dimbin al'ummar al'ummar musulmi ko kuma al'ummar musulmi a kasar Saudiyya, wadanda da yawa daga baya suka zama masu kyautata masa bayan rasuwar Ahmadu Bello a shekarar 1966. Da ya dawo Najeriya ya fara koyarwa a Makarantar Koyon Larabci da ke Kano da kuma wasu Makarantun Musulmi da kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam (JNI) ta kafa wacce ke kusa da birnin Kaduna. Babban bangare na koyarwarsa ya mayar da hankali kan bambance-bambancen al'ada da addini, da yadda za a fahimta da kuma rungumar asalin Musulunci. Ya kuma rubuta tafsirin kur'ani wanda akasari a kan sunna, ya kuma fassara kur'ani daga Larabci zuwa Hausa . Wannan tsari ya kai ga yada Littafi Mai Tsarki ga dimbin jama’ar Arewacin Najeriya, kuma ra’ayoyinsa da sakonsa kan muhimman koyarwar Musulunci sun fara samun dimbin masu sauraro. [1] Sai dai adawar da ya yi da manyan 'yan uwantakar Sufaye kamar Tijjaniyya da Qadiriyya ta jawo masa suka a kai a kai, kuma wasu daga cikin musulmi suka rika kai masa hari kan tafsirinsa; ya kan amsa da cewa su ci gaba da yin tafsirin nasu, idan ba sa son nasa. [1] A shekarun 1970 ya zama mai yawan fitowa a shirye-shiryen talabijin, musamman a lokutan bukukuwan Musulunci. "Lokacin da muka je wurin jifan shaiɗan (Jamra) sa'ilin aikin Hajji, sai mutanenmu suka riƙa yin wasu abubuwa marasa ma'ana. "Wasu suka riƙa nemo manyan duwatsu, wasu kuma suka riƙa cire takalmansu suna jifan jamrah, suna zage-zage da furta munanan kalamai, da sunan jifan shaiɗan." Wannan na daga cikin abubuwan da suka sanya Sheikh Abubakar Gumi ya yi yunƙuri a hukumance na sake faɗakar da mabiya addinin Musulunci a Najeriya yadda ake yin addini, bayan sanar da Firimiyan arewa na farko Ahmadu Bello, kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗaliban marigayin, Sheikh Yusuf Sambo Rigachikun ya tabbatar wa BBC. Wannan yunƙuri ya haifar da kafa wasu ƙungiyoyi guda biyu waɗanda suka jagoranci tafiyar da lamurran addinin Musulunci a Najeriya - Jama'atu Nasril Islam, sai kuma daga baya Jama'atu Izalatil Bidi'a wa Iqamatussunnah - lamarin da ya yi tasiri kan miliyoyin mabiya addinin a Najeriya. Shekara 33 bayan rasuwarsa, miliyoyin Musulmai a Najeriya na ci gaba da bin koyarwarsa, sannan ƙungiyoyin da ya jagoranci kafawa ne a gaba-gaba wajen yaɗawa da kuma tafiyar da al'amuran Musulunci a ƙasar. Baya ga Shehu Usman Danfodiyo, wanda ya yi jihadin sake ɗabbaƙa addinin Musulunci a ƙasar Hausa a farkon shekarun 1800, ana ganin cewa babu wani malami da koyarsa ta Musulunci ta yi tasiri a Najeriya kamar Abubakar Gumi. Wasu masana addini ma na ganin tasirin da Gumi ya yi "ta fi" ta Usman Danfodio, kasancewar a lokacinsa akwai hanyoyin sadarwa irin su talabijin da rediyo da hanyar wallafa litattafai da jaridu, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen yaɗa ayyukansa a ƙasar Hausa da maƙwafta. <ref>Bbc</ref> == Kawo sauyi == Tun kafin yunƙurin samar da ƙungiyoyin sake ilimantar da Musulman Najeriya kan ibada, Abubakar Gumi ya kasance mutum mai neman kawo sauyi, lamarin da ya sa ya yi ƙaurin suna tsakanin malamai da sarakuna har ma da turawan mulkin mallaka. A cikin littafinsa na Manufata, Gumi ya tuno yadda ya ƙalubalanci malaman addinin Musulunci waɗanda suke yin addini "yadda suka ga dama". Gumi ya ce "Sufanci ya zamo jiki a tsakanin al'umma ta yadda babu wanda ya damu ya binciki ko ya yi daidai da koyawar al-Ƙur'ani da hadisan annabi Muhammad". Irin wannan yunƙuri nasa ya fara jan hankali ne a lokacin da yake koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru a shekarar 1949. A lokacin ya fahimci yadda malaman addini da kuma sauran al'umma ke cakuɗa ibada da al'adu ko wasu abubuwa na daban. Limamin Juma'a na Maru a wancan lokaci ya kasance yana yin taimama domin yin sallah a maimakon alwala da ruwa, duk kuwa da wadatuwar ruwan da kuma rashin wata hujja ta yin taimamar. Bayan yunƙurin da ya yi na faɗakar da limamin game da 'haramcin' hakan, amma abin ya ci tura, Gumi ya hana ɗalibansa halartar sallar Juma'a a babban masallacin Maru, inda ya riƙa jan su sallah a cikin makaranta. A matsayin martani, sarkin Maru ya rubuta takardar ƙorafi kan Abubakar Gumi zuwa ga fadar sarkin Musulmi da kuma hukumomi turawan mulkin mallaka. Sai dai a ƙarshe Abubakar Gumi ne ya yi nasara ta hanyar gabatar da hujjoji masu ƙarfi da suka tabbatar da koyarwarsa. A game da turawan mulkin mallaka, Gumi ya ce "Idan na tuna ɓarnar da mulkin mallakar Birtaniya ya yi a ƙasarmu, nakan riƙa mamakin yadda mutanenmu suka kwashe tsawon shekaru ba tare da sun fahimci hakan ba. "Hatta a tsakanin masu iliminmu, ƙalilan ne suke tsayawa su fahimci yadda mulkin mallaka ya illa ga tunaninmu".<ref>bbc</ref> == Littafin da ya yamutsa hazo == Littafin da Abubakar Gumi ya rubuta a shekara ta 1972 mai taken 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha bi-Muwafaqat al-Shar'i' ya haifar da zazzafar muhawara tsakanin Musulman arewacin Najeriya sanadiyyar kakkausar sukar da littafin ya yi kan wasu ayyuka na masu bin akidar sufanci. A wannan lokaci kusan ɗaukacin Musulman Najeriya na bin tsari ne na ɗariƙa, wadda ta samo asali daga koyarwa irin ta sufanci. Da farko Abubakar Gumi ya ce ya rubuta littafin ne domin amfanin masu ilimi, kasancewar koyarwar littafin zai yi tsaurin fahimta ga mabiya, waɗanda iliminsu bai yi nisa ba. Sai dai a lokacin da ya tafi Saudiyya, sai Mallam Isma'ila Idris ya ɗauki littafin ya yi wa'azi da shi a birnin Kaduna, wani abu da ya haifar da ruɗani, abin da ya kai ga dole sai da ya ajiye aikinsa na gwamnati a matsayin malami. Bayan ajiye aiki, Mallam Idris ya shiga aikin soja, inda ya yi aiki a garuruwa da dama na Najeriya, kafin mayar da shi garin Jos, kuma duk inda ya je ya riƙa koyar da karatu ta hanyar amfani da littafin Sheikh Gumi na 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha'. Wannan ne ya haifar da ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar Izalatil Bidi'a wa iƙamatussunnah a birnin Jos. Da'awar Gumi na kira ga Musulmi su yi aiki da karantarwar al-Ƙur'ani da kuma Hadisan Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) kawai, wani abu da ake ganin ya kawo gagarumin sauyi a yadda ake tafiyar da ibada a Najeriya da wasu ƙasashen da ke maƙwaftaka a lokacin.<ref>bbc</ref> == Wane ne Abubakar Gumi? == An haifi Abubakar Mahmud Gumi ne ranar Juma'a 7 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1924, wadda ita ce Juma'a ta ƙarshe ta watan Ramadan na shekara ta 1344 bayan hijira, kamar yadda malamin ya bayyana a cikin litattafinsa. Shahararren malamin addinin Musulunci ne kuma masanin shari'a, wanda ya kai har matsayin Alkalin Alkalai (Grand kadi) na arewacin Najeriya. Ya fara samun ilimi ne a wajen mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi. Sunan mahaifinsa Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, wanda ake kiransa da Na-Gumi, saboda zaman da ya yi a garin Gumi bayan zama a wurare daban-daban na ƙasar Hausa, kamar Katsina, Borno da Dutse. Mahaifin Abubakar Gumi ya kasance babban malamin addinin Musulunci da shari'a, kuma ɗaya daga cikin malamai da aka fi girmamawa a yankin Sokoto da Zamfara da kuma Kebbi a zamaninsa. Kakan mahaifin Abubakar Gumi shi ne Sheikh Aliyu Barou el-Badawi, wanda ya fito daga ƙabilar Larabawa ta Bedouin, waɗanda aka sani da kiwo a yankin Larabawa da arewacin nahiyar Afirka. Babu cikakken bayani kan yadda ya isa yankin Sokoto, amma dai ana ganin zuwan sa ba ya rasa nasaba da ziyarar da Larabawa suka riƙa yi zuwa ƙasar Hausa bayan ƙarni na 15, lokacin da Musulunci ya samu karɓuwa a ƙasar Hausa. Sunan mahaifiyar Abubakar Gumi Hafsatu, ɗiyar Malam Adamu, wadda mahaifinsa ya aura lokacin da yake koyarwa a Jega.<ref>bbc</ref> == Karatu == Abubakar Gumi ya fara karatunsa ne a hannun mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, inda ya haddace al-Ƙur'ani sannan kuma ya yi karatun litattafai da dama. Bayan nan a shekara ta 1933 ya shiga makarantar boko ta Dogon Daji Elementary School, inda daga baya aka mayar da shi makarantar Middle da ke Sokoto a shekara ta 1936. Daga nan ne ya tafi makarantar ilimin shari'a ta Kano. Sannan a shekara ta 1952 ya zurfafa karatu a makarantar koyar da Larabci ta Kano. Daga nan ne kuma ya yi karatun babbar difloma a cibiyar ilimi ta Bakht al-Rida da ke Sudan daga shekarar 1955 zuwa 1956. A shekarar 1987, Gumi ya lashe kyautar Sarki Faisal kan hidima ga addinin Muslunci. Daga cikin abubuwan da suka sa ya cancanci lambar girmamawar su ne wa'azi da kuma koyar da addinin Musulunci, taimakawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam da fassara alƙur'ani zuwa harshen Hausa da kuma rubuta litattafai na addinin Musulunci.<ref>bbc</ref> == Ayyukan ilimi == Abubakar Gumi ya yi gagarumar hidima ta hanyar rubuce-rubuce da kuma fassarar litattafai na addini.<ref>Bbc</ref> Litattafan da ya rubuta waɗanda suka fi yin fice sun haɗa da:<ref>Bbc</ref> * Tafsirin Al-ƙur'ani na '''Rad al-Azhan ila Ma'ani al-Qur`an''' * Al-Aqidah al-Sahiha bi Muwafaqat al-Shari'a * Kitab al-Nasihaila Amir MantiqatKatsina * Manufata / Where I Stand * Hal al-Niza` fi Mas´alatNuzul Isa alaih al-Salatwa al-Salam * Musulunchi da Abinda ke Rushe Shi * Zad al-Haj * Kitab Maratib al-Islam * Kitab Manasik al-hajwa al-Umra '''Fassara:''' * Fassarar ma'anonin al-Ƙur'ani mai girma * Fassarar Hadisai Arba'in (al-Nawawi) * Fassarar littafin Nur al-Bab * Fassarar littafin Hidayat al-Tullab fiAhamMasail al-Din == Rasuwa == Sheikh Abubakar Mahmoud Gumi ya rasu ne a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1992, a birnin Landan na ƙasar Birtaniya. A lokacin da ya rasu, al'umma sun girgiza kasancerwar sa mutumin da ya samu karɓuwa a tsakanin shugabanni da masu sarauta da kuma sauran al'umma. Gumi ya kasance malami, alƙali kuma tsani tsakanin shugabanni da talakawa. Baya ga batun addini, Sheikh Gumi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ɓangaren mulki da kuma ayyukan gwamnati. Ya kasance mai kusanci sosai ga masu mulki, sannan ya riƙa ƙarfafa wa al'ummar arewacin Najeriya, musamman Musulmai gwiwa wajen shiga ayyukan gwamnati da karatun zamani. Tsarin koyarwarsa ya sha bamban, inda ake yaba masa wajen haƙuri tare da ƙoƙarin ganin al'umma sun fahimci abin da yake koyarwa.<ref>bbc</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gumi, Abubakar Mahmud}} c31stz04iz8vs3y0ydbdn6zmr5ecz0w 829819 829818 2026-05-05T04:35:33Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829819 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Sultan Bello Mosque 05.jpg|thumb|Masallacin [[Masallacin Sarkin Musulmi Bello|Sultan Bello]] dake Kaduna inda Malam Abubakar Gummi ya yi limanci tare da gabatar da wa'azinsa.]] [[File:Abubakar Mahmoud Gummi.jpg|thumb|Malam Abubakar Gumi]] '''Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi''' (an haife shi a shekara 1962 –zuwa shekarar 1992)<ref name="HunwickO'Fahey1994">{{cite book|author1=John O. Hunwick|author2=Rex Séan O'Fahey|title=Arabic Literature of Africa: The writings of central Sudanic Africa Vol.2. Volume 13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nKXOThUEpcC&pg=PA551dq=Abubakar+Gumi+1922|year=1994|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-10494-1|page=551}}</ref> malamin Addinin Musulunci ne ɗan Najeriya kuma alkalin alƙalai na yankin [[Arewacin Najeriya]], matsayin da ya sanya shi zama cibiyar tafsirin tsarin shari’a a yankin. Ya kasance na kusa da [[Ahmadu Bello]], Firimiyan Arewa a shekarun alif 1950 zuwa 1960 kuma ya zama Grand Khadi a shekarata 1967, Kafin a soke wannan mukamin daga baya. Gumi ya fito a matsayin shugaba mai faɗa a ji a lokacin mulkin mallaka, inda yake ganin tsarin mulkin kai tsaye ya raunana ƙarfin addini na sarakuna da kuma karfafa Turawan Yamma. Tun daga shekarun alif 1960 ne ake samun rigingimu tsakanin jama’a tsakaninsa da shugabannin ‘yan’uwantakar Sufaye, waɗanda daga baya ya yi muhawara a shirye-shiryen talabijin a shekarun alif 1970 zuwa shekarata alif 1980. A wannan lokacin ya ci gaba da maida hankalinsa wajen gudanar da tarukan juma'a a cikin babban masallacin Kaduna ([[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]). Ya yi amfani da zaman wajen Farfado da sukar da ya ke yi wa hukumomi bisa ga ra'ayinsa na koma baya ga tsarin tushen ko kuma bukatar rungumar aikin tsafta na Musulunci. Ya kuma yi suka da kakkausar murya kan shigar sufanci. Yana da ’ya’ya da yawa, daga ciki akwai [[Ahmad Gumi|Dr. Ahmad Abubakar Gumi]] wanda ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin malamin babban masallacin Kaduna (Sultan Bello), Dakta Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] Zariya. kuma tsohon hafsan soji ne, ya bar aikin soja, ya yi tattaki zuwa jami'ar umm al-Qura da ke [[Makkah]], ƙasar [[Saudiyya]] inda ya yi karatun digirin digirgir (PhD). Gumi mabiyin mazhabar [[malikiyya]] ne, wannan ya samo asali ne ta hanyar rubuce-rubucensa da suka haɗa da tafsirin alkur'ani (Raddul azhaan ila ma'anil kur'an). da sauran littafai kamar (hullu nizam ala nuzuul isa) da (Al-Aqidatus As-Saheehah bi muwafaqati ash- Shari'ah) da sauransu == Karatu == Ya yi karatu da rubuce-rubuce a kan addinin [[musulunci]] sosai, ya fassara [[Qur'an|Qur'ani]] zuwa [[Hausa|harshen Hausa]], kuma shi ne mutum na farko daya rubuta tarjama wato fassarar ɗai-ɗaikun ayoyin dake Alkur'ani.<ref>John N. Paden, Muslim Civic Cultures and Conflict Resolution: the challenge of democratic federalism in Nigeria, Brookings Institution Press, 2005. p 60. ISBN 0-8157-6817-6</ref> Hakan ne ya sa ya samu nasarar samun kyautar Sarki Faisal(King Faisal Award), daga ƙasar saudiya. Malamin dai ya kasance babban aboki kuma mai ba wa Firimiya [[Ahmadu Bello]] sardaunan Sakkwato shawara. Shi ne mahaifin Dakta Shaykh [[Ahmad Gumi]]. == Shahara == Gumi ya shahara tun lokacin mulkin mallakar Turawa a matsayin mai faɗa a ji, yana sukar salon Mulkin [[Turawa]], cewa ya karya lagon sarakunan Musulmi kuma hakan yana Ƙara karfafa al'adun Turai a ƙasashen musulunci. A farkon shekara ta 1960 an samu barkewar rikici tsakanin sa da malaman sufaye wanda daga baya rikicin ya koma muhawara a gidajen rediyo da talabijin a shekarun 1970 zuwa shekara ta 1980.<ref>The Independent: "Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi" by Karl Maier 16 September 1992</ref> Ya riƙa amfani da ranakun Juma'a a matsayin lokutan yada akidunsa a babban masallacin Juma'a na [[Kaduna]] mai suna [[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]. == Dangi == Abubakar Gumi ba a san takamaiman yawan yayansa ba, amma mafi shahara a cikinsu shi ne Dr. [[Ahmad Gumi]] Wanda shi ne ya gaji Mahaifinsa a matsayin mai gabatar da wa'azi a masallacin na Sultan Bello dake Kaduna. Dr Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke [[Zariya]]. Kuma tsohon jami'in sojin Nijeriya ne, ya bar aikin soja inda ya tafi zuwa ƙasar Saudiyya domin karanta ilimin fikihu, a jami'ar [[Ummul Quraa]] da ke birnin [[Makkah|Makka]] inda ya samu shaidar digirin digir-gir.<ref>John Owen Hunwick. Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan, Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. ISBN 0-8101-1037-7</ref> [[File:Nigerian Public Domain 105.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Abubakar Gumi a shekarar 1970.]] == Tarihi == === Rayuwar farko da ilimi === An haifi Gumi a kauyen Gummi (yanzu karamar hukuma ce a jihar Zamfara ) a ranar Juma'ar karshe na watan Ramadan shekara ta 1344, ga iyalan Mahmud, malamin addinin Musulunci kuma Alkali (alkali) na Gummi. Iliminsa ya fara ne a bangon danginsa lokacin yana dalibin koyarwar addinin musulunci na mahaifinsa. Daga nan ya wuce makarantar da ke karkashin kulawar wani Malami mai suna Musa da ke Ambursa a lardin Sakkwato . A nan aka gabatar da shi ilimin Fiqhu da karanta littafai da waqoqin yabo ga Annabi. Makarantar boko ta farko da ya yi ita ce makarantar firamare ta Dogondaji, yayin da a makarantar firamare ya hadu da Sarkin Musulmi na 18 a nan gaba, Ibrahim Dasuki, kuma ya yi fice a harkokin addini. An nada shi Hakimin Salla (shugaban sallah) kuma an dora masa alhakin ciyar da dalibai ayyukan addini. A cikin shekara guda aka mayar da shi Makarantar Midil ta Sakkwato, inda Ahmadu Bello yake koyarwa. A nan ne ya saba da Shehu Shagari, da Waziri Muhammadu Junaidu, da Yahaya Gusau; na baya-bayan nan shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam, wata fitacciyar kungiyar Musulmi ta Najeriya . Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na secondary ya tafi [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] inda ya karanta fannin shari'a sannan ya samu horon Qadi . Ya fara aiki a matsayin magatakarda ga Qadi Attahiru amma ba da jimawa ba ya rasa nasaba da takamaiman aikinsa. Ya ba da darussa na sirri kan Musulunci da [[tafsiri]] a matsayin kubuta daga bacin ransa. Ya rasa mahaifinsa a shekara ta 1937 a lokacin da yake makarantar sakandare. Ya yi aure bayan shekara 3 da Maryama a shekarar 1941 yana dan shekara 19. <ref name="IndependentObit">{{Cite web |date=1992-09-15 |title=Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sheikh-abubakar-mahmud-gumi-1551628.html |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> === Farkon aiki === A shekarar 1947 Abubakar Gumi ya bar aikin sakatare na Qadi Attahiru ya tafi koyarwa a makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta Kano, wadda ya taba halarta a baya. A lokacin da yake Kano, ya hadu da Sheik Sa'id Hayatu, dan shugaban Mahdiyya na karni na 19, Hayatu ibn Sa'id, kuma wani mutum da ake ganin yana daya daga cikin fitattun wadanda mulkin mallaka ya rutsa da su. Shi ne shugaban kungiyar Mahdiyya, kuma ya dawo daga zaman tilas a kasar Kamaru . Abubakar ya shaku da koyarwar harkar Mahdiyya, a takaice ya zama mabiyi; Daga baya ya auri diyar Hayatu, Maryam. Duk da haka, ta rasu bayan ta haifi ɗa namiji. Dan Abubakar Gumi na farko ba Ahmad Abubakar ba ne, Dr Hamza Abubakar likita ne da ke aiki a yanzu haka a birnin Riyadh na kasar Saudiyya, sai kuma Manjo Janar Abdulkadir Abubakar (rtd) da kuma yaya mata biyu – daya ya auri marigayi Mai shari’a Muhammadu Bello, tsohon alkalin alkalai na tarayya, dayan kuma ta auri Sheik Sunusi Gumbi, sanannen malamin addinin musulunci kuma dalibin Abubakar Gumi. A 1949 Gumi ya sami aikin koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru, Sakkwato. Makarantar tana da wani shahararren malami mai suna [[Aminu Kano]], wanda shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar malamai ta Arewa kuma mai kula da wasu ‘yan [[Makarantar Islamiyya|makarantun musulmi]] . Aminu da Gumi sun yi cudanya tare da raba ra’ayoyi kan tasirin al’ummar gargajiya da addinin Musulunci, da kuma halin ko in kula ko goyon bayan da ‘yan’uwan Sufaye suke ba wa halin da ake ciki na [[Bida|Bidi’a]] . Ya bar Maru ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar koyon Larabci da ke Kano. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya zama malami na tsawon shekaru biyu a makarantar. Ya kuma halarci makarantar ilimi a Sudan. <ref name="Hunwick">John Owen Hunwick. ''Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan'', Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. {{ISBN|0-8101-1037-7}}</ref> A 1957 ya zama mai fassara ga gwamnatin Arewacin Najeriya kan al'amuran [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] . == Rikici == Abubakar Gumi yana da ra'ayi game da tsarin mulki da na addini na jami'an masarautu a Arewacin Najeriya. Rikicin akidarsa na farko da hukumomi shine a Maru. Rikici ya shafi aikin Tayamum . Babban Limamin Masallacin Maru ya kasance yana yin wanka da yashi (Tayammum) gabanin Sallah yayin da Gumi ya yi nuni da cewa Tayammu ana amfani da ita ne kawai idan ba a samu ruwa ba, kuma ana samun ruwa sosai a Maru . Gumi ya ci gaba da kalubalantar wannan al’ada, inda ya nemi dalibai da kada su fito don yin Sallah har sai Imam ya fasa yin Taimiyya. Sai dai Gumi wanda a baya ya rubuta kakkausar murya kan Sarkin Musulmi, yanzu ya samu Sarkin Musulmi yana sha’awar kokensa da babban limamin Maru. An kafa kwamitin bincike kan lamarin tare da goyon bayan Sarkin Musulmi. Sai dai da yake Gumi ya fi sanin aqidar Musulunci, haka nan kuma basirarsa ta gardama, sai hukumar ta yanke hukunci a kan Gumi. [1] Bayan samun nasara kadan a kan Sarkin Musulmi, Gumi ya yi amfani da hankalin da ya samu ta hanyar rubuta wata kasida mai mahimmanci a kan batun Musulmi, musamman Sarkin Musulmi, ya karbi mukaman Ingila . A lokacin, sannu a hankali ya fara ƙalubalantar imani da halaye na ayyuka a tsakanin al'ummar musulmi. [ abubuwan da ake bukata ] Wani harin da Gumi ya kai shi ne kungiyar [[Ahmadiyya]] karkashin jagorancin [[Jibril Martin]] . Yunkurin ya kasance manufa mai sauƙi ga Gumi, saboda wasu ra'ayoyin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar sun yi hannun riga da ainihin akidar Musulunci, kamar yadda wanda ya kafa ya sanya kansa a matsayin annabci . Daga baya Gumi ya fara fargabar wannan harkar ne sakamakon kwarewar tsarin kungiya na wanda ya assasa Najeriya, a hankali kungiyar ta shiga cikin hukumar alhazai ta yammacin Najeriya, sannan ta kafa makarantun almajirai a Kudu sannan kuma ya tashi zuwa arewa wajen yada manufofin Ahmadiyya. Gumi ya dauki wannan kalubale cikin sauki sannan aka dakile manufar kungiyar ta arewa. == Bayyanarshi a Kafafen yaɗa labarai == Sheik Gumi ya yi hajjin sa na farko zuwa Makka a shekarar 1955 kuma Ahmadu Bello ne ya hada shi da shi. Yayin da yake Makka ya yi tafsirin ayyukan addinin Musulunci tare da Bello da Sarki Sa'ud. Ya kuma sadu da dimbin al'ummar al'ummar musulmi ko kuma al'ummar musulmi a kasar Saudiyya, wadanda da yawa daga baya suka zama masu kyautata masa bayan rasuwar Ahmadu Bello a shekarar 1966. Da ya dawo Najeriya ya fara koyarwa a Makarantar Koyon Larabci da ke Kano da kuma wasu Makarantun Musulmi da kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam (JNI) ta kafa wacce ke kusa da birnin Kaduna. Babban bangare na koyarwarsa ya mayar da hankali kan bambance-bambancen al'ada da addini, da yadda za a fahimta da kuma rungumar asalin Musulunci. Ya kuma rubuta tafsirin kur'ani wanda akasari a kan sunna, ya kuma fassara kur'ani daga Larabci zuwa Hausa . Wannan tsari ya kai ga yada Littafi Mai Tsarki ga dimbin jama’ar Arewacin Najeriya, kuma ra’ayoyinsa da sakonsa kan muhimman koyarwar Musulunci sun fara samun dimbin masu sauraro. [1] Sai dai adawar da ya yi da manyan 'yan uwantakar Sufaye kamar Tijjaniyya da Qadiriyya ta jawo masa suka a kai a kai, kuma wasu daga cikin musulmi suka rika kai masa hari kan tafsirinsa; ya kan amsa da cewa su ci gaba da yin tafsirin nasu, idan ba sa son nasa. [1] A shekarun 1970 ya zama mai yawan fitowa a shirye-shiryen talabijin, musamman a lokutan bukukuwan Musulunci. "Lokacin da muka je wurin jifan shaiɗan (Jamra) sa'ilin aikin Hajji, sai mutanenmu suka riƙa yin wasu abubuwa marasa ma'ana. "Wasu suka riƙa nemo manyan duwatsu, wasu kuma suka riƙa cire takalmansu suna jifan jamrah, suna zage-zage da furta munanan kalamai, da sunan jifan shaiɗan." Wannan na daga cikin abubuwan da suka sanya Sheikh Abubakar Gumi ya yi yunƙuri a hukumance na sake faɗakar da mabiya addinin Musulunci a Najeriya yadda ake yin addini, bayan sanar da Firimiyan arewa na farko Ahmadu Bello, kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗaliban marigayin, Sheikh Yusuf Sambo Rigachikun ya tabbatar wa BBC. Wannan yunƙuri ya haifar da kafa wasu ƙungiyoyi guda biyu waɗanda suka jagoranci tafiyar da lamurran addinin Musulunci a Najeriya - Jama'atu Nasril Islam, sai kuma daga baya Jama'atu Izalatil Bidi'a wa Iqamatussunnah - lamarin da ya yi tasiri kan miliyoyin mabiya addinin a Najeriya. Shekara 33 bayan rasuwarsa, miliyoyin Musulmai a Najeriya na ci gaba da bin koyarwarsa, sannan ƙungiyoyin da ya jagoranci kafawa ne a gaba-gaba wajen yaɗawa da kuma tafiyar da al'amuran Musulunci a ƙasar. Baya ga Shehu Usman Danfodiyo, wanda ya yi jihadin sake ɗabbaƙa addinin Musulunci a ƙasar Hausa a farkon shekarun 1800, ana ganin cewa babu wani malami da koyarsa ta Musulunci ta yi tasiri a Najeriya kamar Abubakar Gumi. Wasu masana addini ma na ganin tasirin da Gumi ya yi "ta fi" ta Usman Danfodio, kasancewar a lokacinsa akwai hanyoyin sadarwa irin su talabijin da rediyo da hanyar wallafa litattafai da jaridu, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen yaɗa ayyukansa a ƙasar Hausa da maƙwafta. <ref>Bbc</ref> == Kawo sauyi == Tun kafin yunƙurin samar da ƙungiyoyin sake ilimantar da Musulman Najeriya kan ibada, Abubakar Gumi ya kasance mutum mai neman kawo sauyi, lamarin da ya sa ya yi ƙaurin suna tsakanin malamai da sarakuna har ma da turawan mulkin mallaka. A cikin littafinsa na Manufata, Gumi ya tuno yadda ya ƙalubalanci malaman addinin Musulunci waɗanda suke yin addini "yadda suka ga dama". Gumi ya ce "Sufanci ya zamo jiki a tsakanin al'umma ta yadda babu wanda ya damu ya binciki ko ya yi daidai da koyawar al-Ƙur'ani da hadisan annabi Muhammad". Irin wannan yunƙuri nasa ya fara jan hankali ne a lokacin da yake koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru a shekarar 1949. A lokacin ya fahimci yadda malaman addini da kuma sauran al'umma ke cakuɗa ibada da al'adu ko wasu abubuwa na daban. Limamin Juma'a na Maru a wancan lokaci ya kasance yana yin taimama domin yin sallah a maimakon alwala da ruwa, duk kuwa da wadatuwar ruwan da kuma rashin wata hujja ta yin taimamar. Bayan yunƙurin da ya yi na faɗakar da limamin game da 'haramcin' hakan, amma abin ya ci tura, Gumi ya hana ɗalibansa halartar sallar Juma'a a babban masallacin Maru, inda ya riƙa jan su sallah a cikin makaranta. A matsayin martani, sarkin Maru ya rubuta takardar ƙorafi kan Abubakar Gumi zuwa ga fadar sarkin Musulmi da kuma hukumomi turawan mulkin mallaka. Sai dai a ƙarshe Abubakar Gumi ne ya yi nasara ta hanyar gabatar da hujjoji masu ƙarfi da suka tabbatar da koyarwarsa. A game da turawan mulkin mallaka, Gumi ya ce "Idan na tuna ɓarnar da mulkin mallakar Birtaniya ya yi a ƙasarmu, nakan riƙa mamakin yadda mutanenmu suka kwashe tsawon shekaru ba tare da sun fahimci hakan ba. "Hatta a tsakanin masu iliminmu, ƙalilan ne suke tsayawa su fahimci yadda mulkin mallaka ya illa ga tunaninmu".<ref>bbc</ref> == Littafin da ya yamutsa hazo == Littafin da Abubakar Gumi ya rubuta a shekara ta 1972 mai taken 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha bi-Muwafaqat al-Shar'i' ya haifar da zazzafar muhawara tsakanin Musulman arewacin Najeriya sanadiyyar kakkausar sukar da littafin ya yi kan wasu ayyuka na masu bin akidar sufanci. A wannan lokaci kusan ɗaukacin Musulman Najeriya na bin tsari ne na ɗariƙa, wadda ta samo asali daga koyarwa irin ta sufanci. Da farko Abubakar Gumi ya ce ya rubuta littafin ne domin amfanin masu ilimi, kasancewar koyarwar littafin zai yi tsaurin fahimta ga mabiya, waɗanda iliminsu bai yi nisa ba. Sai dai a lokacin da ya tafi Saudiyya, sai Mallam Isma'ila Idris ya ɗauki littafin ya yi wa'azi da shi a birnin Kaduna, wani abu da ya haifar da ruɗani, abin da ya kai ga dole sai da ya ajiye aikinsa na gwamnati a matsayin malami. Bayan ajiye aiki, Mallam Idris ya shiga aikin soja, inda ya yi aiki a garuruwa da dama na Najeriya, kafin mayar da shi garin Jos, kuma duk inda ya je ya riƙa koyar da karatu ta hanyar amfani da littafin Sheikh Gumi na 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha'. Wannan ne ya haifar da ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar Izalatil Bidi'a wa iƙamatussunnah a birnin Jos. Da'awar Gumi na kira ga Musulmi su yi aiki da karantarwar al-Ƙur'ani da kuma Hadisan Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) kawai, wani abu da ake ganin ya kawo gagarumin sauyi a yadda ake tafiyar da ibada a Najeriya da wasu ƙasashen da ke maƙwaftaka a lokacin.<ref>bbc</ref> == Wane ne Abubakar Gumi? == An haifi Abubakar Mahmud Gumi ne ranar Juma'a 7 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1924, wadda ita ce Juma'a ta ƙarshe ta watan Ramadan na shekara ta 1344 bayan hijira, kamar yadda malamin ya bayyana a cikin litattafinsa. Shahararren malamin addinin Musulunci ne kuma masanin shari'a, wanda ya kai har matsayin Alkalin Alkalai (Grand kadi) na arewacin Najeriya. Ya fara samun ilimi ne a wajen mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi. Sunan mahaifinsa Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, wanda ake kiransa da Na-Gumi, saboda zaman da ya yi a garin Gumi bayan zama a wurare daban-daban na ƙasar Hausa, kamar Katsina, Borno da Dutse. Mahaifin Abubakar Gumi ya kasance babban malamin addinin Musulunci da shari'a, kuma ɗaya daga cikin malamai da aka fi girmamawa a yankin Sokoto da Zamfara da kuma Kebbi a zamaninsa. Kakan mahaifin Abubakar Gumi shi ne Sheikh Aliyu Barou el-Badawi, wanda ya fito daga ƙabilar Larabawa ta Bedouin, waɗanda aka sani da kiwo a yankin Larabawa da arewacin nahiyar Afirka. Babu cikakken bayani kan yadda ya isa yankin Sokoto, amma dai ana ganin zuwan sa ba ya rasa nasaba da ziyarar da Larabawa suka riƙa yi zuwa ƙasar Hausa bayan ƙarni na 15, lokacin da Musulunci ya samu karɓuwa a ƙasar Hausa. Sunan mahaifiyar Abubakar Gumi Hafsatu, ɗiyar Malam Adamu, wadda mahaifinsa ya aura lokacin da yake koyarwa a Jega.<ref>bbc</ref> == Karatu == Abubakar Gumi ya fara karatunsa ne a hannun mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, inda ya haddace al-Ƙur'ani sannan kuma ya yi karatun litattafai da dama. Bayan nan a shekara ta 1933 ya shiga makarantar boko ta Dogon Daji Elementary School, inda daga baya aka mayar da shi makarantar Middle da ke Sokoto a shekara ta 1936. Daga nan ne ya tafi makarantar ilimin shari'a ta Kano. Sannan a shekara ta 1952 ya zurfafa karatu a makarantar koyar da Larabci ta Kano. Daga nan ne kuma ya yi karatun babbar difloma a cibiyar ilimi ta Bakht al-Rida da ke Sudan daga shekarar 1955 zuwa 1956. A shekarar 1987, Gumi ya lashe kyautar Sarki Faisal kan hidima ga addinin Muslunci. Daga cikin abubuwan da suka sa ya cancanci lambar girmamawar su ne wa'azi da kuma koyar da addinin Musulunci, taimakawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam da fassara alƙur'ani zuwa harshen Hausa da kuma rubuta litattafai na addinin Musulunci.<ref>bbc</ref> == Ayyukan ilimi == Abubakar Gumi ya yi gagarumar hidima ta hanyar rubuce-rubuce da kuma fassarar litattafai na addini.<ref>Bbc</ref> Litattafan da ya rubuta waɗanda suka fi yin fice sun haɗa da:<ref>Bbc</ref> * Tafsirin Al-ƙur'ani na '''Rad al-Azhan ila Ma'ani al-Qur`an''' * Al-Aqidah al-Sahiha bi Muwafaqat al-Shari'a * Kitab al-Nasihaila Amir MantiqatKatsina * Manufata / Where I Stand * Hal al-Niza` fi Mas´alatNuzul Isa alaih al-Salatwa al-Salam * Musulunchi da Abinda ke Rushe Shi * Zad al-Haj * Kitab Maratib al-Islam * Kitab Manasik al-hajwa al-Umra '''Fassara:''' * Fassarar ma'anonin al-Ƙur'ani mai girma * Fassarar Hadisai Arba'in (al-Nawawi) * Fassarar littafin Nur al-Bab * Fassarar littafin Hidayat al-Tullab fiAhamMasail al-Din == Rasuwa == Sheikh Abubakar Mahmoud Gumi ya rasu ne a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1992, a birnin Landan na ƙasar Birtaniya. A lokacin da ya rasu, al'umma sun girgiza kasancerwar sa mutumin da ya samu karɓuwa a tsakanin shugabanni da masu sarauta da kuma sauran al'umma. Gumi ya kasance malami, alƙali kuma tsani tsakanin shugabanni da talakawa. Baya ga batun addini, Sheikh Gumi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ɓangaren mulki da kuma ayyukan gwamnati. Ya kasance mai kusanci sosai ga masu mulki, sannan ya riƙa ƙarfafa wa al'ummar arewacin Najeriya, musamman Musulmai gwiwa wajen shiga ayyukan gwamnati da karatun zamani. Tsarin koyarwarsa ya sha bamban, inda ake yaba masa wajen haƙuri tare da ƙoƙarin ganin al'umma sun fahimci abin da yake koyarwa.<ref>bbc</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gumi, Abubakar Mahmud}} o63fpfnw58qhmcfofck1zee3j1gudo6 829820 829819 2026-05-05T04:36:28Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829820 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Sultan Bello Mosque 05.jpg|thumb|Masallacin [[Masallacin Sarkin Musulmi Bello|Sultan Bello]] dake Kaduna inda Malam Abubakar Gummi ya yi limanci tare da gabatar da wa'azinsa.]] [[File:Abubakar Mahmoud Gummi.jpg|thumb|Malam Abubakar Gummi]] '''Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi''' (an haife shi a shekara 1962 –zuwa shekarar 1992)<ref name="HunwickO'Fahey1994">{{cite book|author1=John O. Hunwick|author2=Rex Séan O'Fahey|title=Arabic Literature of Africa: The writings of central Sudanic Africa Vol.2. Volume 13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nKXOThUEpcC&pg=PA551dq=Abubakar+Gumi+1922|year=1994|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-10494-1|page=551}}</ref> malamin Addinin Musulunci ne ɗan Najeriya kuma alkalin alƙalai na yankin [[Arewacin Najeriya]], matsayin da ya sanya shi zama cibiyar tafsirin tsarin shari’a a yankin. Ya kasance na kusa da [[Ahmadu Bello]], Firimiyan Arewa a shekarun alif 1950 zuwa 1960 kuma ya zama Grand Khadi a shekarata 1967, Kafin a soke wannan mukamin daga baya. Gumi ya fito a matsayin shugaba mai faɗa a ji a lokacin mulkin mallaka, inda yake ganin tsarin mulkin kai tsaye ya raunana ƙarfin addini na sarakuna da kuma karfafa Turawan Yamma. Tun daga shekarun alif 1960 ne ake samun rigingimu tsakanin jama’a tsakaninsa da shugabannin ‘yan’uwantakar Sufaye, waɗanda daga baya ya yi muhawara a shirye-shiryen talabijin a shekarun alif 1970 zuwa shekarata alif 1980. A wannan lokacin ya ci gaba da maida hankalinsa wajen gudanar da tarukan juma'a a cikin babban masallacin Kaduna ([[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]). Ya yi amfani da zaman wajen Farfado da sukar da ya ke yi wa hukumomi bisa ga ra'ayinsa na koma baya ga tsarin tushen ko kuma bukatar rungumar aikin tsafta na Musulunci. Ya kuma yi suka da kakkausar murya kan shigar sufanci. Yana da ’ya’ya da yawa, daga ciki akwai [[Ahmad Gumi|Dr. Ahmad Abubakar Gumi]] wanda ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin malamin babban masallacin Kaduna (Sultan Bello), Dakta Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] Zariya. kuma tsohon hafsan soji ne, ya bar aikin soja, ya yi tattaki zuwa jami'ar umm al-Qura da ke [[Makkah]], ƙasar [[Saudiyya]] inda ya yi karatun digirin digirgir (PhD). Gumi mabiyin mazhabar [[malikiyya]] ne, wannan ya samo asali ne ta hanyar rubuce-rubucensa da suka haɗa da tafsirin alkur'ani (Raddul azhaan ila ma'anil kur'an). da sauran littafai kamar (hullu nizam ala nuzuul isa) da (Al-Aqidatus As-Saheehah bi muwafaqati ash- Shari'ah) da sauransu == Karatu == Ya yi karatu da rubuce-rubuce a kan addinin [[musulunci]] sosai, ya fassara [[Qur'an|Qur'ani]] zuwa [[Hausa|harshen Hausa]], kuma shi ne mutum na farko daya rubuta tarjama wato fassarar ɗai-ɗaikun ayoyin dake Alkur'ani.<ref>John N. Paden, Muslim Civic Cultures and Conflict Resolution: the challenge of democratic federalism in Nigeria, Brookings Institution Press, 2005. p 60. ISBN 0-8157-6817-6</ref> Hakan ne ya sa ya samu nasarar samun kyautar Sarki Faisal(King Faisal Award), daga ƙasar saudiya. Malamin dai ya kasance babban aboki kuma mai ba wa Firimiya [[Ahmadu Bello]] sardaunan Sakkwato shawara. Shi ne mahaifin Dakta Shaykh [[Ahmad Gumi]]. == Shahara == Gumi ya shahara tun lokacin mulkin mallakar Turawa a matsayin mai faɗa a ji, yana sukar salon Mulkin [[Turawa]], cewa ya karya lagon sarakunan Musulmi kuma hakan yana Ƙara karfafa al'adun Turai a ƙasashen musulunci. A farkon shekara ta 1960 an samu barkewar rikici tsakanin sa da malaman sufaye wanda daga baya rikicin ya koma muhawara a gidajen rediyo da talabijin a shekarun 1970 zuwa shekara ta 1980.<ref>The Independent: "Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi" by Karl Maier 16 September 1992</ref> Ya riƙa amfani da ranakun Juma'a a matsayin lokutan yada akidunsa a babban masallacin Juma'a na [[Kaduna]] mai suna [[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]. == Dangi == Abubakar Gumi ba a san takamaiman yawan yayansa ba, amma mafi shahara a cikinsu shi ne Dr. [[Ahmad Gumi]] Wanda shi ne ya gaji Mahaifinsa a matsayin mai gabatar da wa'azi a masallacin na Sultan Bello dake Kaduna. Dr Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke [[Zariya]]. Kuma tsohon jami'in sojin Nijeriya ne, ya bar aikin soja inda ya tafi zuwa ƙasar Saudiyya domin karanta ilimin fikihu, a jami'ar [[Ummul Quraa]] da ke birnin [[Makkah|Makka]] inda ya samu shaidar digirin digir-gir.<ref>John Owen Hunwick. Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan, Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. ISBN 0-8101-1037-7</ref> [[File:Nigerian Public Domain 105.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Abubakar Gumi a shekarar 1970.]] == Tarihi == === Rayuwar farko da ilimi === An haifi Gumi a kauyen Gummi (yanzu karamar hukuma ce a jihar Zamfara ) a ranar Juma'ar karshe na watan Ramadan shekara ta 1344, ga iyalan Mahmud, malamin addinin Musulunci kuma Alkali (alkali) na Gummi. Iliminsa ya fara ne a bangon danginsa lokacin yana dalibin koyarwar addinin musulunci na mahaifinsa. Daga nan ya wuce makarantar da ke karkashin kulawar wani Malami mai suna Musa da ke Ambursa a lardin Sakkwato . A nan aka gabatar da shi ilimin Fiqhu da karanta littafai da waqoqin yabo ga Annabi. Makarantar boko ta farko da ya yi ita ce makarantar firamare ta Dogondaji, yayin da a makarantar firamare ya hadu da Sarkin Musulmi na 18 a nan gaba, Ibrahim Dasuki, kuma ya yi fice a harkokin addini. An nada shi Hakimin Salla (shugaban sallah) kuma an dora masa alhakin ciyar da dalibai ayyukan addini. A cikin shekara guda aka mayar da shi Makarantar Midil ta Sakkwato, inda Ahmadu Bello yake koyarwa. A nan ne ya saba da Shehu Shagari, da Waziri Muhammadu Junaidu, da Yahaya Gusau; na baya-bayan nan shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam, wata fitacciyar kungiyar Musulmi ta Najeriya . Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na secondary ya tafi [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] inda ya karanta fannin shari'a sannan ya samu horon Qadi . Ya fara aiki a matsayin magatakarda ga Qadi Attahiru amma ba da jimawa ba ya rasa nasaba da takamaiman aikinsa. Ya ba da darussa na sirri kan Musulunci da [[tafsiri]] a matsayin kubuta daga bacin ransa. Ya rasa mahaifinsa a shekara ta 1937 a lokacin da yake makarantar sakandare. Ya yi aure bayan shekara 3 da Maryama a shekarar 1941 yana dan shekara 19. <ref name="IndependentObit">{{Cite web |date=1992-09-15 |title=Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sheikh-abubakar-mahmud-gumi-1551628.html |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> === Farkon aiki === A shekarar 1947 Abubakar Gumi ya bar aikin sakatare na Qadi Attahiru ya tafi koyarwa a makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta Kano, wadda ya taba halarta a baya. A lokacin da yake Kano, ya hadu da Sheik Sa'id Hayatu, dan shugaban Mahdiyya na karni na 19, Hayatu ibn Sa'id, kuma wani mutum da ake ganin yana daya daga cikin fitattun wadanda mulkin mallaka ya rutsa da su. Shi ne shugaban kungiyar Mahdiyya, kuma ya dawo daga zaman tilas a kasar Kamaru . Abubakar ya shaku da koyarwar harkar Mahdiyya, a takaice ya zama mabiyi; Daga baya ya auri diyar Hayatu, Maryam. Duk da haka, ta rasu bayan ta haifi ɗa namiji. Dan Abubakar Gumi na farko ba Ahmad Abubakar ba ne, Dr Hamza Abubakar likita ne da ke aiki a yanzu haka a birnin Riyadh na kasar Saudiyya, sai kuma Manjo Janar Abdulkadir Abubakar (rtd) da kuma yaya mata biyu – daya ya auri marigayi Mai shari’a Muhammadu Bello, tsohon alkalin alkalai na tarayya, dayan kuma ta auri Sheik Sunusi Gumbi, sanannen malamin addinin musulunci kuma dalibin Abubakar Gumi. A 1949 Gumi ya sami aikin koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru, Sakkwato. Makarantar tana da wani shahararren malami mai suna [[Aminu Kano]], wanda shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar malamai ta Arewa kuma mai kula da wasu ‘yan [[Makarantar Islamiyya|makarantun musulmi]] . Aminu da Gumi sun yi cudanya tare da raba ra’ayoyi kan tasirin al’ummar gargajiya da addinin Musulunci, da kuma halin ko in kula ko goyon bayan da ‘yan’uwan Sufaye suke ba wa halin da ake ciki na [[Bida|Bidi’a]] . Ya bar Maru ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar koyon Larabci da ke Kano. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya zama malami na tsawon shekaru biyu a makarantar. Ya kuma halarci makarantar ilimi a Sudan. <ref name="Hunwick">John Owen Hunwick. ''Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan'', Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. {{ISBN|0-8101-1037-7}}</ref> A 1957 ya zama mai fassara ga gwamnatin Arewacin Najeriya kan al'amuran [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] . == Rikici == Abubakar Gumi yana da ra'ayi game da tsarin mulki da na addini na jami'an masarautu a Arewacin Najeriya. Rikicin akidarsa na farko da hukumomi shine a Maru. Rikici ya shafi aikin Tayamum . Babban Limamin Masallacin Maru ya kasance yana yin wanka da yashi (Tayammum) gabanin Sallah yayin da Gumi ya yi nuni da cewa Tayammu ana amfani da ita ne kawai idan ba a samu ruwa ba, kuma ana samun ruwa sosai a Maru . Gumi ya ci gaba da kalubalantar wannan al’ada, inda ya nemi dalibai da kada su fito don yin Sallah har sai Imam ya fasa yin Taimiyya. Sai dai Gumi wanda a baya ya rubuta kakkausar murya kan Sarkin Musulmi, yanzu ya samu Sarkin Musulmi yana sha’awar kokensa da babban limamin Maru. An kafa kwamitin bincike kan lamarin tare da goyon bayan Sarkin Musulmi. Sai dai da yake Gumi ya fi sanin aqidar Musulunci, haka nan kuma basirarsa ta gardama, sai hukumar ta yanke hukunci a kan Gumi. [1] Bayan samun nasara kadan a kan Sarkin Musulmi, Gumi ya yi amfani da hankalin da ya samu ta hanyar rubuta wata kasida mai mahimmanci a kan batun Musulmi, musamman Sarkin Musulmi, ya karbi mukaman Ingila . A lokacin, sannu a hankali ya fara ƙalubalantar imani da halaye na ayyuka a tsakanin al'ummar musulmi. [ abubuwan da ake bukata ] Wani harin da Gumi ya kai shi ne kungiyar [[Ahmadiyya]] karkashin jagorancin [[Jibril Martin]] . Yunkurin ya kasance manufa mai sauƙi ga Gumi, saboda wasu ra'ayoyin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar sun yi hannun riga da ainihin akidar Musulunci, kamar yadda wanda ya kafa ya sanya kansa a matsayin annabci . Daga baya Gumi ya fara fargabar wannan harkar ne sakamakon kwarewar tsarin kungiya na wanda ya assasa Najeriya, a hankali kungiyar ta shiga cikin hukumar alhazai ta yammacin Najeriya, sannan ta kafa makarantun almajirai a Kudu sannan kuma ya tashi zuwa arewa wajen yada manufofin Ahmadiyya. Gumi ya dauki wannan kalubale cikin sauki sannan aka dakile manufar kungiyar ta arewa. == Bayyanarshi a Kafafen yaɗa labarai == Sheik Gumi ya yi hajjin sa na farko zuwa Makka a shekarar 1955 kuma Ahmadu Bello ne ya hada shi da shi. Yayin da yake Makka ya yi tafsirin ayyukan addinin Musulunci tare da Bello da Sarki Sa'ud. Ya kuma sadu da dimbin al'ummar al'ummar musulmi ko kuma al'ummar musulmi a kasar Saudiyya, wadanda da yawa daga baya suka zama masu kyautata masa bayan rasuwar Ahmadu Bello a shekarar 1966. Da ya dawo Najeriya ya fara koyarwa a Makarantar Koyon Larabci da ke Kano da kuma wasu Makarantun Musulmi da kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam (JNI) ta kafa wacce ke kusa da birnin Kaduna. Babban bangare na koyarwarsa ya mayar da hankali kan bambance-bambancen al'ada da addini, da yadda za a fahimta da kuma rungumar asalin Musulunci. Ya kuma rubuta tafsirin kur'ani wanda akasari a kan sunna, ya kuma fassara kur'ani daga Larabci zuwa Hausa . Wannan tsari ya kai ga yada Littafi Mai Tsarki ga dimbin jama’ar Arewacin Najeriya, kuma ra’ayoyinsa da sakonsa kan muhimman koyarwar Musulunci sun fara samun dimbin masu sauraro. [1] Sai dai adawar da ya yi da manyan 'yan uwantakar Sufaye kamar Tijjaniyya da Qadiriyya ta jawo masa suka a kai a kai, kuma wasu daga cikin musulmi suka rika kai masa hari kan tafsirinsa; ya kan amsa da cewa su ci gaba da yin tafsirin nasu, idan ba sa son nasa. [1] A shekarun 1970 ya zama mai yawan fitowa a shirye-shiryen talabijin, musamman a lokutan bukukuwan Musulunci. "Lokacin da muka je wurin jifan shaiɗan (Jamra) sa'ilin aikin Hajji, sai mutanenmu suka riƙa yin wasu abubuwa marasa ma'ana. "Wasu suka riƙa nemo manyan duwatsu, wasu kuma suka riƙa cire takalmansu suna jifan jamrah, suna zage-zage da furta munanan kalamai, da sunan jifan shaiɗan." Wannan na daga cikin abubuwan da suka sanya Sheikh Abubakar Gumi ya yi yunƙuri a hukumance na sake faɗakar da mabiya addinin Musulunci a Najeriya yadda ake yin addini, bayan sanar da Firimiyan arewa na farko Ahmadu Bello, kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗaliban marigayin, Sheikh Yusuf Sambo Rigachikun ya tabbatar wa BBC. Wannan yunƙuri ya haifar da kafa wasu ƙungiyoyi guda biyu waɗanda suka jagoranci tafiyar da lamurran addinin Musulunci a Najeriya - Jama'atu Nasril Islam, sai kuma daga baya Jama'atu Izalatil Bidi'a wa Iqamatussunnah - lamarin da ya yi tasiri kan miliyoyin mabiya addinin a Najeriya. Shekara 33 bayan rasuwarsa, miliyoyin Musulmai a Najeriya na ci gaba da bin koyarwarsa, sannan ƙungiyoyin da ya jagoranci kafawa ne a gaba-gaba wajen yaɗawa da kuma tafiyar da al'amuran Musulunci a ƙasar. Baya ga Shehu Usman Danfodiyo, wanda ya yi jihadin sake ɗabbaƙa addinin Musulunci a ƙasar Hausa a farkon shekarun 1800, ana ganin cewa babu wani malami da koyarsa ta Musulunci ta yi tasiri a Najeriya kamar Abubakar Gumi. Wasu masana addini ma na ganin tasirin da Gumi ya yi "ta fi" ta Usman Danfodio, kasancewar a lokacinsa akwai hanyoyin sadarwa irin su talabijin da rediyo da hanyar wallafa litattafai da jaridu, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen yaɗa ayyukansa a ƙasar Hausa da maƙwafta. <ref>Bbc</ref> == Kawo sauyi == Tun kafin yunƙurin samar da ƙungiyoyin sake ilimantar da Musulman Najeriya kan ibada, Abubakar Gumi ya kasance mutum mai neman kawo sauyi, lamarin da ya sa ya yi ƙaurin suna tsakanin malamai da sarakuna har ma da turawan mulkin mallaka. A cikin littafinsa na Manufata, Gumi ya tuno yadda ya ƙalubalanci malaman addinin Musulunci waɗanda suke yin addini "yadda suka ga dama". Gumi ya ce "Sufanci ya zamo jiki a tsakanin al'umma ta yadda babu wanda ya damu ya binciki ko ya yi daidai da koyawar al-Ƙur'ani da hadisan annabi Muhammad". Irin wannan yunƙuri nasa ya fara jan hankali ne a lokacin da yake koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru a shekarar 1949. A lokacin ya fahimci yadda malaman addini da kuma sauran al'umma ke cakuɗa ibada da al'adu ko wasu abubuwa na daban. Limamin Juma'a na Maru a wancan lokaci ya kasance yana yin taimama domin yin sallah a maimakon alwala da ruwa, duk kuwa da wadatuwar ruwan da kuma rashin wata hujja ta yin taimamar. Bayan yunƙurin da ya yi na faɗakar da limamin game da 'haramcin' hakan, amma abin ya ci tura, Gumi ya hana ɗalibansa halartar sallar Juma'a a babban masallacin Maru, inda ya riƙa jan su sallah a cikin makaranta. A matsayin martani, sarkin Maru ya rubuta takardar ƙorafi kan Abubakar Gumi zuwa ga fadar sarkin Musulmi da kuma hukumomi turawan mulkin mallaka. Sai dai a ƙarshe Abubakar Gumi ne ya yi nasara ta hanyar gabatar da hujjoji masu ƙarfi da suka tabbatar da koyarwarsa. A game da turawan mulkin mallaka, Gumi ya ce "Idan na tuna ɓarnar da mulkin mallakar Birtaniya ya yi a ƙasarmu, nakan riƙa mamakin yadda mutanenmu suka kwashe tsawon shekaru ba tare da sun fahimci hakan ba. "Hatta a tsakanin masu iliminmu, ƙalilan ne suke tsayawa su fahimci yadda mulkin mallaka ya illa ga tunaninmu".<ref>bbc</ref> == Littafin da ya yamutsa hazo == Littafin da Abubakar Gumi ya rubuta a shekara ta 1972 mai taken 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha bi-Muwafaqat al-Shar'i' ya haifar da zazzafar muhawara tsakanin Musulman arewacin Najeriya sanadiyyar kakkausar sukar da littafin ya yi kan wasu ayyuka na masu bin akidar sufanci. A wannan lokaci kusan ɗaukacin Musulman Najeriya na bin tsari ne na ɗariƙa, wadda ta samo asali daga koyarwa irin ta sufanci. Da farko Abubakar Gumi ya ce ya rubuta littafin ne domin amfanin masu ilimi, kasancewar koyarwar littafin zai yi tsaurin fahimta ga mabiya, waɗanda iliminsu bai yi nisa ba. Sai dai a lokacin da ya tafi Saudiyya, sai Mallam Isma'ila Idris ya ɗauki littafin ya yi wa'azi da shi a birnin Kaduna, wani abu da ya haifar da ruɗani, abin da ya kai ga dole sai da ya ajiye aikinsa na gwamnati a matsayin malami. Bayan ajiye aiki, Mallam Idris ya shiga aikin soja, inda ya yi aiki a garuruwa da dama na Najeriya, kafin mayar da shi garin Jos, kuma duk inda ya je ya riƙa koyar da karatu ta hanyar amfani da littafin Sheikh Gumi na 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha'. Wannan ne ya haifar da ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar Izalatil Bidi'a wa iƙamatussunnah a birnin Jos. Da'awar Gumi na kira ga Musulmi su yi aiki da karantarwar al-Ƙur'ani da kuma Hadisan Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) kawai, wani abu da ake ganin ya kawo gagarumin sauyi a yadda ake tafiyar da ibada a Najeriya da wasu ƙasashen da ke maƙwaftaka a lokacin.<ref>bbc</ref> == Wane ne Abubakar Gumi? == An haifi Abubakar Mahmud Gumi ne ranar Juma'a 7 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1924, wadda ita ce Juma'a ta ƙarshe ta watan Ramadan na shekara ta 1344 bayan hijira, kamar yadda malamin ya bayyana a cikin litattafinsa. Shahararren malamin addinin Musulunci ne kuma masanin shari'a, wanda ya kai har matsayin Alkalin Alkalai (Grand kadi) na arewacin Najeriya. Ya fara samun ilimi ne a wajen mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi. Sunan mahaifinsa Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, wanda ake kiransa da Na-Gumi, saboda zaman da ya yi a garin Gumi bayan zama a wurare daban-daban na ƙasar Hausa, kamar Katsina, Borno da Dutse. Mahaifin Abubakar Gumi ya kasance babban malamin addinin Musulunci da shari'a, kuma ɗaya daga cikin malamai da aka fi girmamawa a yankin Sokoto da Zamfara da kuma Kebbi a zamaninsa. Kakan mahaifin Abubakar Gumi shi ne Sheikh Aliyu Barou el-Badawi, wanda ya fito daga ƙabilar Larabawa ta Bedouin, waɗanda aka sani da kiwo a yankin Larabawa da arewacin nahiyar Afirka. Babu cikakken bayani kan yadda ya isa yankin Sokoto, amma dai ana ganin zuwan sa ba ya rasa nasaba da ziyarar da Larabawa suka riƙa yi zuwa ƙasar Hausa bayan ƙarni na 15, lokacin da Musulunci ya samu karɓuwa a ƙasar Hausa. Sunan mahaifiyar Abubakar Gumi Hafsatu, ɗiyar Malam Adamu, wadda mahaifinsa ya aura lokacin da yake koyarwa a Jega.<ref>bbc</ref> == Karatu == Abubakar Gumi ya fara karatunsa ne a hannun mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, inda ya haddace al-Ƙur'ani sannan kuma ya yi karatun litattafai da dama. Bayan nan a shekara ta 1933 ya shiga makarantar boko ta Dogon Daji Elementary School, inda daga baya aka mayar da shi makarantar Middle da ke Sokoto a shekara ta 1936. Daga nan ne ya tafi makarantar ilimin shari'a ta Kano. Sannan a shekara ta 1952 ya zurfafa karatu a makarantar koyar da Larabci ta Kano. Daga nan ne kuma ya yi karatun babbar difloma a cibiyar ilimi ta Bakht al-Rida da ke Sudan daga shekarar 1955 zuwa 1956. A shekarar 1987, Gumi ya lashe kyautar Sarki Faisal kan hidima ga addinin Muslunci. Daga cikin abubuwan da suka sa ya cancanci lambar girmamawar su ne wa'azi da kuma koyar da addinin Musulunci, taimakawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam da fassara alƙur'ani zuwa harshen Hausa da kuma rubuta litattafai na addinin Musulunci.<ref>bbc</ref> == Ayyukan ilimi == Abubakar Gumi ya yi gagarumar hidima ta hanyar rubuce-rubuce da kuma fassarar litattafai na addini.<ref>Bbc</ref> Litattafan da ya rubuta waɗanda suka fi yin fice sun haɗa da:<ref>Bbc</ref> * Tafsirin Al-ƙur'ani na '''Rad al-Azhan ila Ma'ani al-Qur`an''' * Al-Aqidah al-Sahiha bi Muwafaqat al-Shari'a * Kitab al-Nasihaila Amir MantiqatKatsina * Manufata / Where I Stand * Hal al-Niza` fi Mas´alatNuzul Isa alaih al-Salatwa al-Salam * Musulunchi da Abinda ke Rushe Shi * Zad al-Haj * Kitab Maratib al-Islam * Kitab Manasik al-hajwa al-Umra '''Fassara:''' * Fassarar ma'anonin al-Ƙur'ani mai girma * Fassarar Hadisai Arba'in (al-Nawawi) * Fassarar littafin Nur al-Bab * Fassarar littafin Hidayat al-Tullab fiAhamMasail al-Din == Rasuwa == Sheikh Abubakar Mahmoud Gumi ya rasu ne a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1992, a birnin Landan na ƙasar Birtaniya. A lokacin da ya rasu, al'umma sun girgiza kasancerwar sa mutumin da ya samu karɓuwa a tsakanin shugabanni da masu sarauta da kuma sauran al'umma. Gumi ya kasance malami, alƙali kuma tsani tsakanin shugabanni da talakawa. Baya ga batun addini, Sheikh Gumi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ɓangaren mulki da kuma ayyukan gwamnati. Ya kasance mai kusanci sosai ga masu mulki, sannan ya riƙa ƙarfafa wa al'ummar arewacin Najeriya, musamman Musulmai gwiwa wajen shiga ayyukan gwamnati da karatun zamani. Tsarin koyarwarsa ya sha bamban, inda ake yaba masa wajen haƙuri tare da ƙoƙarin ganin al'umma sun fahimci abin da yake koyarwa.<ref>bbc</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gumi, Abubakar Mahmud}} 1bc8rgypiulz33mccdguhl22w3v51l4 829821 829820 2026-05-05T04:36:56Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829821 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Sultan Bello Mosque 05.jpg|thumb|Masallacin [[Masallacin Sarkin Musulmi Bello|Sultan Bello]] dake Kaduna inda Malam Abubakar Gummi ya yi limanci tare da gabatar da wa'azinsa.]] [[File:Abubakar Mahmoud Gummi.jpg|thumb|Malam Abubakar Gummi]] '''Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi''' (an haife shi a shekara 1962 –zuwa shekarar 1992)<ref name="HunwickO'Fahey1994">{{cite book|author1=John O. Hunwick|author2=Rex Séan O'Fahey|title=Arabic Literature of Africa: The writings of central Sudanic Africa Vol.2. Volume 13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nKXOThUEpcC&pg=PA551dq=Abubakar+Gumi+1922|year=1994|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-10494-1|page=551}}</ref> malamin Addinin Musulunci ne ɗan Najeriya kuma alkalin alƙalai na yankin [[Arewacin Najeriya]], matsayin da ya sanya shi zama cibiyar tafsirin tsarin shari’a a yankin. Ya kasance na kusa da [[Ahmadu Bello]], Firimiyan Arewa a shekarun alif 1950 zuwa 1960 kuma ya zama Grand Khadi a shekarata 1967, Kafin a soke wannan mukamin daga baya. Gumi ya fito a matsayin shugaba mai faɗa a ji a lokacin mulkin mallaka, inda yake ganin tsarin mulkin kai tsaye ya raunana ƙarfin addini na sarakuna da kuma karfafa Turawan Yamma. Tun daga shekarun alif 1960 ne ake samun rigingimu tsakanin jama’a tsakaninsa da shugabannin ‘yan’uwantakar Sufaye, waɗanda daga baya ya yi muhawara a shirye-shiryen talabijin a shekarun alif 1970 zuwa shekarata alif 1980. A wannan lokacin ya ci gaba da maida hankalinsa wajen gudanar da tarukan juma'a a cikin babban masallacin Kaduna ([[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]). Ya yi amfani da zaman wajen Farfado da sukar da ya ke yi wa hukumomi bisa ga ra'ayinsa na koma baya ga tsarin tushen ko kuma bukatar rungumar aikin tsafta na Musulunci. Ya kuma yi suka da kakkausar murya kan shigar sufanci. Yana da ’ya’ya da yawa, daga ciki akwai [[Ahmad Gumi|Dr. Ahmad Abubakar Gumi]] wanda ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin malamin babban masallacin Kaduna (Sultan Bello), Dakta Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] Zariya. kuma tsohon hafsan soji ne, ya bar aikin soja, ya yi tattaki zuwa jami'ar umm al-Qura da ke [[Makkah]], ƙasar [[Saudiyya]] inda ya yi karatun digirin digirgir (PhD). Gumi mabiyin mazhabar [[malikiyya]] ne, wannan ya samo asali ne ta hanyar rubuce-rubucensa da suka haɗa da tafsirin alkur'ani (Raddul azhaan ila ma'anil kur'an). da sauran littafai kamar (hullu nizam ala nuzuul isa) da (Al-Aqidatus As-Saheehah bi muwafaqati ash- Shari'ah) da sauransu == Karatu == Ya yi karatu da rubuce-rubuce a kan addinin [[musulunci]] sosai, ya fassara [[Qur'an|Qur'ani]] zuwa [[Hausa|harshen Hausa]], kuma shi ne mutum na farko daya rubuta tarjama wato fassarar ɗai-ɗaikun ayoyin dake Alkur'ani.<ref>John N. Paden, Muslim Civic Cultures and Conflict Resolution: the challenge of democratic federalism in Nigeria, Brookings Institution Press, 2005. p 60. ISBN 0-8157-6817-6</ref> Hakan ne ya sa ya samu nasarar samun kyautar Sarki Faisal(King Faisal Award), daga ƙasar saudiya. Malamin dai ya kasance babban aboki kuma mai ba wa Firimiya [[Ahmadu Bello]] sardaunan Sakkwato shawara. Shi ne mahaifin Dakta Shaykh [[Ahmad Gumi]]. == Shahara == Gumi ya shahara tun lokacin mulkin mallakar Turawa a matsayin mai faɗa a ji, yana sukar salon Mulkin [[Turawa]], cewa ya karya lagon sarakunan Musulmi kuma hakan yana Ƙara karfafa al'adun Turai a ƙasashen musulunci. A farkon shekara ta 1960 an samu barkewar rikici tsakanin sa da malaman sufaye wanda daga baya rikicin ya koma muhawara a gidajen rediyo da talabijin a shekarun 1970 zuwa shekara ta 1980.<ref>The Independent: "Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi" by Karl Maier 16 September 1992</ref> Ya riƙa amfani da ranakun Juma'a a matsayin lokutan yada akidunsa a babban masallacin Juma'a na [[Kaduna]] mai suna [[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]. == Dangi == Abubakar Gumi ba a san takamaiman yawan yayansa ba, amma mafi shahara a cikinsu shi ne Dr. [[Ahmad Gumi]] Wanda shi ne ya gaji Mahaifinsa a matsayin mai gabatar da wa'azi a masallacin na Sultan Bello dake Kaduna. Dr Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke [[Zariya]]. Kuma tsohon jami'in sojin Nijeriya ne, ya bar aikin soja inda ya tafi zuwa ƙasar Saudiyya domin karanta ilimin fikihu, a jami'ar [[Ummul Quraa]] da ke birnin [[Makkah|Makka]] inda ya samu shaidar digirin digir-gir.<ref>John Owen Hunwick. Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan, Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. ISBN 0-8101-1037-7</ref> [[File:Nigerian Public Domain 105.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Abubakar Gumi a shekarar 1970.]] == Tarihi == === Rayuwar farko da ilimi === An haifi Gumi a kauyen Gummi (yanzu karamar hukuma ce a jihar Zamfara ) a ranar Juma'ar karshe na watan Ramadan shekara ta 1344, ga iyalan Mahmud, malamin addinin Musulunci kuma Alkali (alkali) na Gummi. Iliminsa ya fara ne a bangon danginsa lokacin yana dalibin koyarwar addinin musulunci na mahaifinsa. Daga nan ya wuce makarantar da ke karkashin kulawar wani Malami mai suna Musa da ke Ambursa a lardin Sakkwato . A nan aka gabatar da shi ilimin Fiqhu da karanta littafai da waqoqin yabo ga Annabi. Makarantar boko ta farko da ya yi ita ce makarantar firamare ta Dogondaji, yayin da a makarantar firamare ya hadu da Sarkin Musulmi na 18 a nan gaba, Ibrahim Dasuki, kuma ya yi fice a harkokin addini. An nada shi Hakimin Salla (shugaban sallah) kuma an dora masa alhakin ciyar da dalibai ayyukan addini. A cikin shekara guda aka mayar da shi Makarantar Midil ta Sakkwato, inda Ahmadu Bello yake koyarwa. A nan ne ya saba da Shehu Shagari, da Waziri Muhammadu Junaidu, da Yahaya Gusau; na baya-bayan nan shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam, wata fitacciyar kungiyar Musulmi ta Najeriya . Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na secondary ya tafi [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] inda ya karanta fannin shari'a sannan ya samu horon Qadi . Ya fara aiki a matsayin magatakarda ga Qadi Attahiru amma ba da jimawa ba ya rasa nasaba da takamaiman aikinsa. Ya ba da darussa na sirri kan Musulunci da [[tafsiri]] a matsayin kubuta daga bacin ransa. Ya rasa mahaifinsa a shekara ta 1937 a lokacin da yake makarantar sakandare. Ya yi aure bayan shekara 3 da Maryama a shekarar 1941 yana dan shekara 19. <ref name="IndependentObit">{{Cite web |date=1992-09-15 |title=Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sheikh-abubakar-mahmud-gumi-1551628.html |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> === Farkon aiki === A shekarar 1947 Abubakar Gumi ya bar aikin sakatare na Qadi Attahiru ya tafi koyarwa a makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta Kano, wadda ya taba halarta a baya. A lokacin da yake Kano, ya hadu da Sheik Sa'id Hayatu, dan shugaban Mahdiyya na karni na 19, Hayatu ibn Sa'id, kuma wani mutum da ake ganin yana daya daga cikin fitattun wadanda mulkin mallaka ya rutsa da su. Shi ne shugaban kungiyar Mahdiyya, kuma ya dawo daga zaman tilas a kasar Kamaru . Abubakar ya shaku da koyarwar harkar Mahdiyya, a takaice ya zama mabiyi; Daga baya ya auri diyar Hayatu, Maryam. Duk da haka, ta rasu bayan ta haifi ɗa namiji. Dan Abubakar Gumi na farko ba Ahmad Abubakar ba ne, Dr Hamza Abubakar likita ne da ke aiki a yanzu haka a birnin Riyadh na kasar Saudiyya, sai kuma Manjo Janar Abdulkadir Abubakar (rtd) da kuma yaya mata biyu – daya ya auri marigayi Mai shari’a Muhammadu Bello, tsohon alkalin alkalai na tarayya, dayan kuma ta auri Sheik Sunusi Gumbi, sanannen malamin addinin musulunci kuma dalibin Abubakar Gumi. A 1949 Gumi ya sami aikin koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru, Sakkwato. Makarantar tana da wani shahararren malami mai suna [[Aminu Kano]], wanda shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar malamai ta Arewa kuma mai kula da wasu ‘yan [[Makarantar Islamiyya|makarantun musulmi]] . Aminu da Gumi sun yi cudanya tare da raba ra’ayoyi kan tasirin al’ummar gargajiya da addinin Musulunci, da kuma halin ko in kula ko goyon bayan da ‘yan’uwan Sufaye suke ba wa halin da ake ciki na [[Bida|Bidi’a]] . Ya bar Maru ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar koyon Larabci da ke Kano. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya zama malami na tsawon shekaru biyu a makarantar. Ya kuma halarci makarantar ilimi a Sudan. <ref name="Hunwick">John Owen Hunwick. ''Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan'', Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. {{ISBN|0-8101-1037-7}}</ref> A 1957 ya zama mai fassara ga gwamnatin Arewacin Najeriya kan al'amuran [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] . == Rikici == Abubakar Gumi yana da ra'ayi game da tsarin mulki da na addini na jami'an masarautu a Arewacin Najeriya. Rikicin akidarsa na farko da hukumomi shine a Maru. Rikici ya shafi aikin Tayamum . Babban Limamin Masallacin Maru ya kasance yana yin wanka da yashi (Tayammum) gabanin Sallah yayin da Gumi ya yi nuni da cewa Tayammu ana amfani da ita ne kawai idan ba a samu ruwa ba, kuma ana samun ruwa sosai a Maru . Gumi ya ci gaba da kalubalantar wannan al’ada, inda ya nemi dalibai da kada su fito don yin Sallah har sai Imam ya fasa yin Taimiyya. Sai dai Gumi wanda a baya ya rubuta kakkausar murya kan Sarkin Musulmi, yanzu ya samu Sarkin Musulmi yana sha’awar kokensa da babban limamin Maru. An kafa kwamitin bincike kan lamarin tare da goyon bayan Sarkin Musulmi. Sai dai da yake Gumi ya fi sanin aqidar Musulunci, haka nan kuma basirarsa ta gardama, sai hukumar ta yanke hukunci a kan Gumi. [1] Bayan samun nasara kadan a kan Sarkin Musulmi, Gumi ya yi amfani da hankalin da ya samu ta hanyar rubuta wata kasida mai mahimmanci a kan batun Musulmi, musamman Sarkin Musulmi, ya karbi mukaman Ingila . A lokacin, sannu a hankali ya fara ƙalubalantar imani da halaye na ayyuka a tsakanin al'ummar musulmi. [ abubuwan da ake bukata ] Wani harin da Gumi ya kai shi ne kungiyar [[Ahmadiyya]] karkashin jagorancin [[Jibril Martin]] . Yunkurin ya kasance manufa mai sauƙi ga Gumi, saboda wasu ra'ayoyin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar sun yi hannun riga da ainihin akidar Musulunci, kamar yadda wanda ya kafa ya sanya kansa a matsayin annabci . Daga baya Gumi ya fara fargabar wannan harkar ne sakamakon kwarewar tsarin kungiya na wanda ya assasa Najeriya, a hankali kungiyar ta shiga cikin hukumar alhazai ta yammacin Najeriya, sannan ta kafa makarantun almajirai a Kudu sannan kuma ya tashi zuwa arewa wajen yada manufofin Ahmadiyya. Gumi ya dauki wannan kalubale cikin sauki sannan aka dakile manufar kungiyar ta arewa. == Bayyanarshi a Kafafen yaɗa labarai == Sheik Gumi ya yi hajjin sa na farko zuwa Makka a shekarar 1955 kuma Ahmadu Bello ne ya hada shi da shi. Yayin da yake Makka ya yi tafsirin ayyukan addinin Musulunci tare da Bello da Sarki Sa'ud. Ya kuma sadu da dimbin al'ummar al'ummar musulmi ko kuma al'ummar musulmi a kasar Saudiyya, wadanda da yawa daga baya suka zama masu kyautata masa bayan rasuwar Ahmadu Bello a shekarar 1966. Da ya dawo Najeriya ya fara koyarwa a Makarantar Koyon Larabci da ke Kano da kuma wasu Makarantun Musulmi da kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam (JNI) ta kafa wacce ke kusa da birnin Kaduna. Babban bangare na koyarwarsa ya mayar da hankali kan bambance-bambancen al'ada da addini, da yadda za a fahimta da kuma rungumar asalin Musulunci. Ya kuma rubuta tafsirin kur'ani wanda akasari a kan sunna, ya kuma fassara kur'ani daga Larabci zuwa Hausa . Wannan tsari ya kai ga yada Littafi Mai Tsarki ga dimbin jama’ar Arewacin Najeriya, kuma ra’ayoyinsa da sakonsa kan muhimman koyarwar Musulunci sun fara samun dimbin masu sauraro. [1] Sai dai adawar da ya yi da manyan 'yan uwantakar Sufaye kamar Tijjaniyya da Qadiriyya ta jawo masa suka a kai a kai, kuma wasu daga cikin musulmi suka rika kai masa hari kan tafsirinsa; ya kan amsa da cewa su ci gaba da yin tafsirin nasu, idan ba sa son nasa. [1] A shekarun 1970 ya zama mai yawan fitowa a shirye-shiryen talabijin, musamman a lokutan bukukuwan Musulunci. "Lokacin da muka je wurin jifan shaiɗan (Jamra) sa'ilin aikin Hajji, sai mutanenmu suka riƙa yin wasu abubuwa marasa ma'ana. "Wasu suka riƙa nemo manyan duwatsu, wasu kuma suka riƙa cire takalmansu suna jifan jamrah, suna zage-zage da furta munanan kalamai, da sunan jifan shaiɗan." Wannan na daga cikin abubuwan da suka sanya Sheikh Abubakar Gumi ya yi yunƙuri a hukumance na sake faɗakar da mabiya addinin Musulunci a Najeriya yadda ake yin addini, bayan sanar da Firimiyan arewa na farko Ahmadu Bello, kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗaliban marigayin, Sheikh Yusuf Sambo Rigachikun ya tabbatar wa BBC. Wannan yunƙuri ya haifar da kafa wasu ƙungiyoyi guda biyu waɗanda suka jagoranci tafiyar da lamurran addinin Musulunci a Najeriya - Jama'atu Nasril Islam, sai kuma daga baya Jama'atu Izalatil Bidi'a wa Iqamatussunnah - lamarin da ya yi tasiri kan miliyoyin mabiya addinin a Najeriya. Shekara 33 bayan rasuwarsa, miliyoyin Musulmai a Najeriya na ci gaba da bin koyarwarsa, sannan ƙungiyoyin da ya jagoranci kafawa ne a gaba-gaba wajen yaɗawa da kuma tafiyar da al'amuran Musulunci a ƙasar. Baya ga Shehu Usman Danfodiyo, wanda ya yi jihadin sake ɗabbaƙa addinin Musulunci a ƙasar Hausa a farkon shekarun 1800, ana ganin cewa babu wani malami da koyarsa ta Musulunci ta yi tasiri a Najeriya kamar Abubakar Gumi. Wasu masana addini ma na ganin tasirin da Gumi ya yi "ta fi" ta Usman Danfodio, kasancewar a lokacinsa akwai hanyoyin sadarwa irin su talabijin da rediyo da hanyar wallafa litattafai da jaridu, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen yaɗa ayyukansa a ƙasar Hausa da maƙwafta. <ref>Bbc</ref> == Kawo sauyi == Tun kafin yunƙurin samar da ƙungiyoyin sake ilimantar da Musulman Najeriya kan ibada, Abubakar Gumi ya kasance mutum mai neman kawo sauyi, lamarin da ya sa ya yi ƙaurin suna tsakanin malamai da sarakuna har ma da turawan mulkin mallaka. A cikin littafinsa na Manufata, Gumi ya tuno yadda ya ƙalubalanci malaman addinin Musulunci waɗanda suke yin addini "yadda suka ga dama". Gumi ya ce "Sufanci ya zamo jiki a tsakanin al'umma ta yadda babu wanda ya damu ya binciki ko ya yi daidai da koyawar al-Ƙur'ani da hadisan annabi Muhammad". Irin wannan yunƙuri nasa ya fara jan hankali ne a lokacin da yake koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru a shekarar 1949. A lokacin ya fahimci yadda malaman addini da kuma sauran al'umma ke cakuɗa ibada da al'adu ko wasu abubuwa na daban. Limamin Juma'a na Maru a wancan lokaci ya kasance yana yin taimama domin yin sallah a maimakon alwala da ruwa, duk kuwa da wadatuwar ruwan da kuma rashin wata hujja ta yin taimamar. Bayan yunƙurin da ya yi na faɗakar da limamin game da 'haramcin' hakan, amma abin ya ci tura, Gumi ya hana ɗalibansa halartar sallar Juma'a a babban masallacin Maru, inda ya riƙa jan su sallah a cikin makaranta. A matsayin martani, sarkin Maru ya rubuta takardar ƙorafi kan Abubakar Gumi zuwa ga fadar sarkin Musulmi da kuma hukumomi turawan mulkin mallaka. Sai dai a ƙarshe Abubakar Gumi ne ya yi nasara ta hanyar gabatar da hujjoji masu ƙarfi da suka tabbatar da koyarwarsa. A game da turawan mulkin mallaka, Gumi ya ce "Idan na tuna ɓarnar da mulkin mallakar Birtaniya ya yi a ƙasarmu, nakan riƙa mamakin yadda mutanenmu suka kwashe tsawon shekaru ba tare da sun fahimci hakan ba. "Hatta a tsakanin masu iliminmu, ƙalilan ne suke tsayawa su fahimci yadda mulkin mallaka ya illa ga tunaninmu".<ref>bbc</ref> == Littafin da ya yamutsa hazo == Littafin da Abubakar Gumi ya rubuta a shekara ta 1972 mai taken 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha bi-Muwafaqat al-Shar'i' ya haifar da zazzafar muhawara tsakanin Musulman arewacin Najeriya sanadiyyar kakkausar sukar da littafin ya yi kan wasu ayyuka na masu bin akidar sufanci. A wannan lokaci kusan ɗaukacin Musulman Najeriya na bin tsari ne na ɗariƙa, wadda ta samo asali daga koyarwa irin ta sufanci. Da farko Abubakar Gumi ya ce ya rubuta littafin ne domin amfanin masu ilimi, kasancewar koyarwar littafin zai yi tsaurin fahimta ga mabiya, waɗanda iliminsu bai yi nisa ba. Sai dai a lokacin da ya tafi Saudiyya, sai Mallam Isma'ila Idris ya ɗauki littafin ya yi wa'azi da shi a birnin Kaduna, wani abu da ya haifar da ruɗani, abin da ya kai ga dole sai da ya ajiye aikinsa na gwamnati a matsayin malami. Bayan ajiye aiki, Mallam Idris ya shiga aikin soja, inda ya yi aiki a garuruwa da dama na Najeriya, kafin mayar da shi garin Jos, kuma duk inda ya je ya riƙa koyar da karatu ta hanyar amfani da littafin Sheikh Gumi na 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha'. Wannan ne ya haifar da ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar Izalatil Bidi'a wa iƙamatussunnah a birnin Jos. Da'awar Gumi na kira ga Musulmi su yi aiki da karantarwar al-Ƙur'ani da kuma Hadisan Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) kawai, wani abu da ake ganin ya kawo gagarumin sauyi a yadda ake tafiyar da ibada a Najeriya da wasu ƙasashen da ke maƙwaftaka a lokacin.<ref>bbc</ref> == Wane ne Abubakar Gumi? == An haifi Abubakar Mahmud Gumi ne ranar Juma'a 7 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1924, wadda ita ce Juma'a ta ƙarshe ta watan Ramadan na shekara ta 1344 bayan hijira, kamar yadda malamin ya bayyana a cikin litattafinsa. Shahararren malamin addinin Musulunci ne kuma masanin shari'a, wanda ya kai har matsayin Alkalin Alkalai (Grand kadi) na arewacin Najeriya. Ya fara samun ilimi ne a wajen mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi. Sunan mahaifinsa Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, wanda ake kiransa da Na-Gumi, saboda zaman da ya yi a garin Gumi bayan zama a wurare daban-daban na ƙasar Hausa, kamar Katsina, Borno da Dutse. Mahaifin Abubakar Gumi ya kasance babban malamin addinin Musulunci da shari'a, kuma ɗaya daga cikin malamai da aka fi girmamawa a yankin Sokoto da Zamfara da kuma Kebbi a zamaninsa. Kakan mahaifin Abubakar Gumi shi ne Sheikh Aliyu Barou el-Badawi, wanda ya fito daga ƙabilar Larabawa ta Bedouin, waɗanda aka sani da kiwo a yankin Larabawa da arewacin nahiyar Afirka. Babu cikakken bayani kan yadda ya isa yankin Sokoto, amma dai ana ganin zuwan sa ba ya rasa nasaba da ziyarar da Larabawa suka riƙa yi zuwa ƙasar Hausa bayan ƙarni na 15, lokacin da Musulunci ya samu karɓuwa a ƙasar Hausa. Sunan mahaifiyar Abubakar Gumi Hafsatu, ɗiyar Malam Adamu, wadda mahaifinsa ya aura lokacin da yake koyarwa a Jega.<ref>bbc</ref> == Karatu == Abubakar Gumi ya fara karatunsa ne a hannun mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, inda ya haddace al-Ƙur'ani sannan kuma ya yi karatun litattafai da dama. Bayan nan a shekara ta 1933 ya shiga makarantar boko ta Dogon Daji Elementary School, inda daga baya aka mayar da shi makarantar Middle da ke Sokoto a shekara ta 1936. Daga nan ne ya tafi makarantar ilimin shari'a ta Kano. Sannan a shekara ta 1952 ya zurfafa karatu a makarantar koyar da Larabci ta Kano. Daga nan ne kuma ya yi karatun babbar difloma a cibiyar ilimi ta Bakht al-Rida da ke Sudan daga shekarar 1955 zuwa 1956. A shekarar 1987, Gumi ya lashe kyautar Sarki Faisal kan hidima ga addinin Muslunci. Daga cikin abubuwan da suka sa ya cancanci lambar girmamawar su ne wa'azi da kuma koyar da addinin Musulunci, taimakawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam da fassara alƙur'ani zuwa harshen Hausa da kuma rubuta litattafai na addinin Musulunci.<ref>bbc</ref> == Ayyukan ilimi == Abubakar Gumi ya yi gagarumar hidima ta hanyar rubuce-rubuce da kuma fassarar litattafai na addini.<ref>Bbc</ref> Litattafan da ya rubuta waɗanda suka fi yin fice sun haɗa da:<ref>Bbc</ref> * Tafsirin Al-ƙur'ani na '''Rad al-Azhan ila Ma'ani al-Qur`an''' * Al-Aqidah al-Sahiha bi Muwafaqat al-Shari'a * Kitab al-Nasihaila Amir MantiqatKatsina * Manufata / Where I Stand * Hal al-Niza` fi Mas´alatNuzul Isa alaih al-Salatwa al-Salam * Musulunchi da Abinda ke Rushe Shi * Zad al-Haj * Kitab Maratib al-Islam * Kitab Manasik al-hajwa al-Umra '''Fassara:''' * Fassarar ma'anonin al-Ƙur'ani mai girma * Fassarar Hadisai Arba'in (al-Nawawi) * Fassarar littafin Nur al-Bab * Fassarar littafin Hidayat al-Tullab fiAhamMasail al-Din == Rasuwa == Sheikh Abubakar Mahmoud Gumi ya rasu ne a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1992, a birnin Landan na ƙasar Birtaniya. A lokacin da ya rasu, al'umma sun girgiza kasancerwar sa mutumin da ya samu karɓuwa a tsakanin shugabanni da masu sarauta da kuma sauran al'umma. Gumi ya kasance malami, alƙali kuma tsani tsakanin shugabanni da talakawa. Baya ga batun addini, Sheikh Gumi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ɓangaren mulki da kuma ayyukan gwamnati. Ya kasance mai kusanci sosai ga masu mulki, sannan ya riƙa ƙarfafa wa al'ummar arewacin Najeriya, musamman Musulmai gwiwa wajen shiga ayyukan gwamnati da karatun zamani. Tsarin koyarwarsa ya sha bamban, inda ake yaba masa wajen haƙuri tare da ƙoƙarin ganin al'umma sun fahimci abin da yake koyarwa.<ref>bbc</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gumi, Abubakar Mahmud}} 0qf9f2eo3eiadd7z9bn1lqzxl0af5ql 829822 829821 2026-05-05T04:38:29Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829822 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Sultan Bello Mosque 05.jpg|thumb|Masallacin [[Masallacin Sarkin Musulmi Bello|Sultan Bello]] dake Kaduna inda Malam Abubakar Gummi ya yi limanci tare da gabatar da wa'azinsa.]] [[File:Abubakar Mahmoud Gummi.jpg|thumb|Malam Abubakar Gummi]] '''Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi''' (an haife shi a shekara 1962 –zuwa shekarar 1992)<ref name="HunwickO'Fahey1994">{{cite book|author1=John O. Hunwick|author2=Rex Séan O'Fahey|title=Arabic Literature of Africa: The writings of central Sudanic Africa Vol.2. Volume 13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nKXOThUEpcC&pg=PA551dq=Abubakar+Gumi+1922|year=1994|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-10494-1|page=551}}</ref> malamin Addinin Musulunci ne ɗan Najeriya kuma alƙalin alƙalai na yankin [[Arewacin Najeriya]], matsayin da ya sanya shi zama cibiyar tafsirin tsarin shari’a a yankin. Ya kasance na kusa da [[Ahmadu Bello]], Firimiyan Arewa a shekarun alif 1950 zuwa 1960 kuma ya zama Grand Khadi a shekarata 1967, Kafin a soke wannan mukamin daga baya. Gumi ya fito a matsayin shugaba mai faɗa a ji a lokacin mulkin mallaka, inda yake ganin tsarin mulkin kai tsaye ya raunana ƙarfin addini na sarakuna da kuma karfafa Turawan Yamma. Tun daga shekarun alif 1960 ne ake samun rigingimu tsakanin jama’a tsakaninsa da shugabannin ‘yan’uwantakar Sufaye, waɗanda daga baya ya yi muhawara a shirye-shiryen talabijin a shekarun alif 1970 zuwa shekarata alif 1980. A wannan lokacin ya ci gaba da maida hankalinsa wajen gudanar da tarukan juma'a a cikin babban masallacin Kaduna ([[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]). Ya yi amfani da zaman wajen Farfado da sukar da ya ke yi wa hukumomi bisa ga ra'ayinsa na koma baya ga tsarin tushen ko kuma bukatar rungumar aikin tsafta na Musulunci. Ya kuma yi suka da kakkausar murya kan shigar sufanci. Yana da ’ya’ya da yawa, daga ciki akwai [[Ahmad Gumi|Dr. Ahmad Abubakar Gumi]] wanda ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin malamin babban masallacin Kaduna (Sultan Bello), Dakta Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] Zariya. kuma tsohon hafsan soji ne, ya bar aikin soja, ya yi tattaki zuwa jami'ar umm al-Qura da ke [[Makkah]], ƙasar [[Saudiyya]] inda ya yi karatun digirin digirgir (PhD). Gumi mabiyin mazhabar [[malikiyya]] ne, wannan ya samo asali ne ta hanyar rubuce-rubucensa da suka haɗa da tafsirin alkur'ani (Raddul azhaan ila ma'anil kur'an). da sauran littafai kamar (hullu nizam ala nuzuul isa) da (Al-Aqidatus As-Saheehah bi muwafaqati ash- Shari'ah) da sauransu == Karatu == Ya yi karatu da rubuce-rubuce a kan addinin [[musulunci]] sosai, ya fassara [[Qur'an|Qur'ani]] zuwa [[Hausa|harshen Hausa]], kuma shi ne mutum na farko daya rubuta tarjama wato fassarar ɗai-ɗaikun ayoyin dake Alkur'ani.<ref>John N. Paden, Muslim Civic Cultures and Conflict Resolution: the challenge of democratic federalism in Nigeria, Brookings Institution Press, 2005. p 60. ISBN 0-8157-6817-6</ref> Hakan ne ya sa ya samu nasarar samun kyautar Sarki Faisal(King Faisal Award), daga ƙasar saudiya. Malamin dai ya kasance babban aboki kuma mai ba wa Firimiya [[Ahmadu Bello]] sardaunan Sakkwato shawara. Shi ne mahaifin Dakta Shaykh [[Ahmad Gumi]]. == Shahara == Gumi ya shahara tun lokacin mulkin mallakar Turawa a matsayin mai faɗa a ji, yana sukar salon Mulkin [[Turawa]], cewa ya karya lagon sarakunan Musulmi kuma hakan yana Ƙara karfafa al'adun Turai a ƙasashen musulunci. A farkon shekara ta 1960 an samu barkewar rikici tsakanin sa da malaman sufaye wanda daga baya rikicin ya koma muhawara a gidajen rediyo da talabijin a shekarun 1970 zuwa shekara ta 1980.<ref>The Independent: "Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi" by Karl Maier 16 September 1992</ref> Ya riƙa amfani da ranakun Juma'a a matsayin lokutan yada akidunsa a babban masallacin Juma'a na [[Kaduna]] mai suna [[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]. == Dangi == Abubakar Gumi ba a san takamaiman yawan yayansa ba, amma mafi shahara a cikinsu shi ne Dr. [[Ahmad Gumi]] Wanda shi ne ya gaji Mahaifinsa a matsayin mai gabatar da wa'azi a masallacin na Sultan Bello dake Kaduna. Dr Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke [[Zariya]]. Kuma tsohon jami'in sojin Nijeriya ne, ya bar aikin soja inda ya tafi zuwa ƙasar Saudiyya domin karanta ilimin fikihu, a jami'ar [[Ummul Quraa]] da ke birnin [[Makkah|Makka]] inda ya samu shaidar digirin digir-gir.<ref>John Owen Hunwick. Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan, Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. ISBN 0-8101-1037-7</ref> [[File:Nigerian Public Domain 105.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Abubakar Gumi a shekarar 1970.]] == Tarihi == === Rayuwar farko da ilimi === An haifi Gumi a kauyen Gummi (yanzu karamar hukuma ce a jihar Zamfara ) a ranar Juma'ar karshe na watan Ramadan shekara ta 1344, ga iyalan Mahmud, malamin addinin Musulunci kuma Alkali (alkali) na Gummi. Iliminsa ya fara ne a bangon danginsa lokacin yana dalibin koyarwar addinin musulunci na mahaifinsa. Daga nan ya wuce makarantar da ke karkashin kulawar wani Malami mai suna Musa da ke Ambursa a lardin Sakkwato . A nan aka gabatar da shi ilimin Fiqhu da karanta littafai da waqoqin yabo ga Annabi. Makarantar boko ta farko da ya yi ita ce makarantar firamare ta Dogondaji, yayin da a makarantar firamare ya hadu da Sarkin Musulmi na 18 a nan gaba, Ibrahim Dasuki, kuma ya yi fice a harkokin addini. An nada shi Hakimin Salla (shugaban sallah) kuma an dora masa alhakin ciyar da dalibai ayyukan addini. A cikin shekara guda aka mayar da shi Makarantar Midil ta Sakkwato, inda Ahmadu Bello yake koyarwa. A nan ne ya saba da Shehu Shagari, da Waziri Muhammadu Junaidu, da Yahaya Gusau; na baya-bayan nan shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam, wata fitacciyar kungiyar Musulmi ta Najeriya . Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na secondary ya tafi [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] inda ya karanta fannin shari'a sannan ya samu horon Qadi . Ya fara aiki a matsayin magatakarda ga Qadi Attahiru amma ba da jimawa ba ya rasa nasaba da takamaiman aikinsa. Ya ba da darussa na sirri kan Musulunci da [[tafsiri]] a matsayin kubuta daga bacin ransa. Ya rasa mahaifinsa a shekara ta 1937 a lokacin da yake makarantar sakandare. Ya yi aure bayan shekara 3 da Maryama a shekarar 1941 yana dan shekara 19. <ref name="IndependentObit">{{Cite web |date=1992-09-15 |title=Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sheikh-abubakar-mahmud-gumi-1551628.html |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> === Farkon aiki === A shekarar 1947 Abubakar Gumi ya bar aikin sakatare na Qadi Attahiru ya tafi koyarwa a makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta Kano, wadda ya taba halarta a baya. A lokacin da yake Kano, ya hadu da Sheik Sa'id Hayatu, dan shugaban Mahdiyya na karni na 19, Hayatu ibn Sa'id, kuma wani mutum da ake ganin yana daya daga cikin fitattun wadanda mulkin mallaka ya rutsa da su. Shi ne shugaban kungiyar Mahdiyya, kuma ya dawo daga zaman tilas a kasar Kamaru . Abubakar ya shaku da koyarwar harkar Mahdiyya, a takaice ya zama mabiyi; Daga baya ya auri diyar Hayatu, Maryam. Duk da haka, ta rasu bayan ta haifi ɗa namiji. Dan Abubakar Gumi na farko ba Ahmad Abubakar ba ne, Dr Hamza Abubakar likita ne da ke aiki a yanzu haka a birnin Riyadh na kasar Saudiyya, sai kuma Manjo Janar Abdulkadir Abubakar (rtd) da kuma yaya mata biyu – daya ya auri marigayi Mai shari’a Muhammadu Bello, tsohon alkalin alkalai na tarayya, dayan kuma ta auri Sheik Sunusi Gumbi, sanannen malamin addinin musulunci kuma dalibin Abubakar Gumi. A 1949 Gumi ya sami aikin koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru, Sakkwato. Makarantar tana da wani shahararren malami mai suna [[Aminu Kano]], wanda shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar malamai ta Arewa kuma mai kula da wasu ‘yan [[Makarantar Islamiyya|makarantun musulmi]] . Aminu da Gumi sun yi cudanya tare da raba ra’ayoyi kan tasirin al’ummar gargajiya da addinin Musulunci, da kuma halin ko in kula ko goyon bayan da ‘yan’uwan Sufaye suke ba wa halin da ake ciki na [[Bida|Bidi’a]] . Ya bar Maru ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar koyon Larabci da ke Kano. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya zama malami na tsawon shekaru biyu a makarantar. Ya kuma halarci makarantar ilimi a Sudan. <ref name="Hunwick">John Owen Hunwick. ''Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan'', Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. {{ISBN|0-8101-1037-7}}</ref> A 1957 ya zama mai fassara ga gwamnatin Arewacin Najeriya kan al'amuran [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] . == Rikici == Abubakar Gumi yana da ra'ayi game da tsarin mulki da na addini na jami'an masarautu a Arewacin Najeriya. Rikicin akidarsa na farko da hukumomi shine a Maru. Rikici ya shafi aikin Tayamum . Babban Limamin Masallacin Maru ya kasance yana yin wanka da yashi (Tayammum) gabanin Sallah yayin da Gumi ya yi nuni da cewa Tayammu ana amfani da ita ne kawai idan ba a samu ruwa ba, kuma ana samun ruwa sosai a Maru . Gumi ya ci gaba da kalubalantar wannan al’ada, inda ya nemi dalibai da kada su fito don yin Sallah har sai Imam ya fasa yin Taimiyya. Sai dai Gumi wanda a baya ya rubuta kakkausar murya kan Sarkin Musulmi, yanzu ya samu Sarkin Musulmi yana sha’awar kokensa da babban limamin Maru. An kafa kwamitin bincike kan lamarin tare da goyon bayan Sarkin Musulmi. Sai dai da yake Gumi ya fi sanin aqidar Musulunci, haka nan kuma basirarsa ta gardama, sai hukumar ta yanke hukunci a kan Gumi. [1] Bayan samun nasara kadan a kan Sarkin Musulmi, Gumi ya yi amfani da hankalin da ya samu ta hanyar rubuta wata kasida mai mahimmanci a kan batun Musulmi, musamman Sarkin Musulmi, ya karbi mukaman Ingila . A lokacin, sannu a hankali ya fara ƙalubalantar imani da halaye na ayyuka a tsakanin al'ummar musulmi. [ abubuwan da ake bukata ] Wani harin da Gumi ya kai shi ne kungiyar [[Ahmadiyya]] karkashin jagorancin [[Jibril Martin]] . Yunkurin ya kasance manufa mai sauƙi ga Gumi, saboda wasu ra'ayoyin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar sun yi hannun riga da ainihin akidar Musulunci, kamar yadda wanda ya kafa ya sanya kansa a matsayin annabci . Daga baya Gumi ya fara fargabar wannan harkar ne sakamakon kwarewar tsarin kungiya na wanda ya assasa Najeriya, a hankali kungiyar ta shiga cikin hukumar alhazai ta yammacin Najeriya, sannan ta kafa makarantun almajirai a Kudu sannan kuma ya tashi zuwa arewa wajen yada manufofin Ahmadiyya. Gumi ya dauki wannan kalubale cikin sauki sannan aka dakile manufar kungiyar ta arewa. == Bayyanarshi a Kafafen yaɗa labarai == Sheik Gumi ya yi hajjin sa na farko zuwa Makka a shekarar 1955 kuma Ahmadu Bello ne ya hada shi da shi. Yayin da yake Makka ya yi tafsirin ayyukan addinin Musulunci tare da Bello da Sarki Sa'ud. Ya kuma sadu da dimbin al'ummar al'ummar musulmi ko kuma al'ummar musulmi a kasar Saudiyya, wadanda da yawa daga baya suka zama masu kyautata masa bayan rasuwar Ahmadu Bello a shekarar 1966. Da ya dawo Najeriya ya fara koyarwa a Makarantar Koyon Larabci da ke Kano da kuma wasu Makarantun Musulmi da kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam (JNI) ta kafa wacce ke kusa da birnin Kaduna. Babban bangare na koyarwarsa ya mayar da hankali kan bambance-bambancen al'ada da addini, da yadda za a fahimta da kuma rungumar asalin Musulunci. Ya kuma rubuta tafsirin kur'ani wanda akasari a kan sunna, ya kuma fassara kur'ani daga Larabci zuwa Hausa . Wannan tsari ya kai ga yada Littafi Mai Tsarki ga dimbin jama’ar Arewacin Najeriya, kuma ra’ayoyinsa da sakonsa kan muhimman koyarwar Musulunci sun fara samun dimbin masu sauraro. [1] Sai dai adawar da ya yi da manyan 'yan uwantakar Sufaye kamar Tijjaniyya da Qadiriyya ta jawo masa suka a kai a kai, kuma wasu daga cikin musulmi suka rika kai masa hari kan tafsirinsa; ya kan amsa da cewa su ci gaba da yin tafsirin nasu, idan ba sa son nasa. [1] A shekarun 1970 ya zama mai yawan fitowa a shirye-shiryen talabijin, musamman a lokutan bukukuwan Musulunci. "Lokacin da muka je wurin jifan shaiɗan (Jamra) sa'ilin aikin Hajji, sai mutanenmu suka riƙa yin wasu abubuwa marasa ma'ana. "Wasu suka riƙa nemo manyan duwatsu, wasu kuma suka riƙa cire takalmansu suna jifan jamrah, suna zage-zage da furta munanan kalamai, da sunan jifan shaiɗan." Wannan na daga cikin abubuwan da suka sanya Sheikh Abubakar Gumi ya yi yunƙuri a hukumance na sake faɗakar da mabiya addinin Musulunci a Najeriya yadda ake yin addini, bayan sanar da Firimiyan arewa na farko Ahmadu Bello, kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗaliban marigayin, Sheikh Yusuf Sambo Rigachikun ya tabbatar wa BBC. Wannan yunƙuri ya haifar da kafa wasu ƙungiyoyi guda biyu waɗanda suka jagoranci tafiyar da lamurran addinin Musulunci a Najeriya - Jama'atu Nasril Islam, sai kuma daga baya Jama'atu Izalatil Bidi'a wa Iqamatussunnah - lamarin da ya yi tasiri kan miliyoyin mabiya addinin a Najeriya. Shekara 33 bayan rasuwarsa, miliyoyin Musulmai a Najeriya na ci gaba da bin koyarwarsa, sannan ƙungiyoyin da ya jagoranci kafawa ne a gaba-gaba wajen yaɗawa da kuma tafiyar da al'amuran Musulunci a ƙasar. Baya ga Shehu Usman Danfodiyo, wanda ya yi jihadin sake ɗabbaƙa addinin Musulunci a ƙasar Hausa a farkon shekarun 1800, ana ganin cewa babu wani malami da koyarsa ta Musulunci ta yi tasiri a Najeriya kamar Abubakar Gumi. Wasu masana addini ma na ganin tasirin da Gumi ya yi "ta fi" ta Usman Danfodio, kasancewar a lokacinsa akwai hanyoyin sadarwa irin su talabijin da rediyo da hanyar wallafa litattafai da jaridu, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen yaɗa ayyukansa a ƙasar Hausa da maƙwafta. <ref>Bbc</ref> == Kawo sauyi == Tun kafin yunƙurin samar da ƙungiyoyin sake ilimantar da Musulman Najeriya kan ibada, Abubakar Gumi ya kasance mutum mai neman kawo sauyi, lamarin da ya sa ya yi ƙaurin suna tsakanin malamai da sarakuna har ma da turawan mulkin mallaka. A cikin littafinsa na Manufata, Gumi ya tuno yadda ya ƙalubalanci malaman addinin Musulunci waɗanda suke yin addini "yadda suka ga dama". Gumi ya ce "Sufanci ya zamo jiki a tsakanin al'umma ta yadda babu wanda ya damu ya binciki ko ya yi daidai da koyawar al-Ƙur'ani da hadisan annabi Muhammad". Irin wannan yunƙuri nasa ya fara jan hankali ne a lokacin da yake koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru a shekarar 1949. A lokacin ya fahimci yadda malaman addini da kuma sauran al'umma ke cakuɗa ibada da al'adu ko wasu abubuwa na daban. Limamin Juma'a na Maru a wancan lokaci ya kasance yana yin taimama domin yin sallah a maimakon alwala da ruwa, duk kuwa da wadatuwar ruwan da kuma rashin wata hujja ta yin taimamar. Bayan yunƙurin da ya yi na faɗakar da limamin game da 'haramcin' hakan, amma abin ya ci tura, Gumi ya hana ɗalibansa halartar sallar Juma'a a babban masallacin Maru, inda ya riƙa jan su sallah a cikin makaranta. A matsayin martani, sarkin Maru ya rubuta takardar ƙorafi kan Abubakar Gumi zuwa ga fadar sarkin Musulmi da kuma hukumomi turawan mulkin mallaka. Sai dai a ƙarshe Abubakar Gumi ne ya yi nasara ta hanyar gabatar da hujjoji masu ƙarfi da suka tabbatar da koyarwarsa. A game da turawan mulkin mallaka, Gumi ya ce "Idan na tuna ɓarnar da mulkin mallakar Birtaniya ya yi a ƙasarmu, nakan riƙa mamakin yadda mutanenmu suka kwashe tsawon shekaru ba tare da sun fahimci hakan ba. "Hatta a tsakanin masu iliminmu, ƙalilan ne suke tsayawa su fahimci yadda mulkin mallaka ya illa ga tunaninmu".<ref>bbc</ref> == Littafin da ya yamutsa hazo == Littafin da Abubakar Gumi ya rubuta a shekara ta 1972 mai taken 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha bi-Muwafaqat al-Shar'i' ya haifar da zazzafar muhawara tsakanin Musulman arewacin Najeriya sanadiyyar kakkausar sukar da littafin ya yi kan wasu ayyuka na masu bin akidar sufanci. A wannan lokaci kusan ɗaukacin Musulman Najeriya na bin tsari ne na ɗariƙa, wadda ta samo asali daga koyarwa irin ta sufanci. Da farko Abubakar Gumi ya ce ya rubuta littafin ne domin amfanin masu ilimi, kasancewar koyarwar littafin zai yi tsaurin fahimta ga mabiya, waɗanda iliminsu bai yi nisa ba. Sai dai a lokacin da ya tafi Saudiyya, sai Mallam Isma'ila Idris ya ɗauki littafin ya yi wa'azi da shi a birnin Kaduna, wani abu da ya haifar da ruɗani, abin da ya kai ga dole sai da ya ajiye aikinsa na gwamnati a matsayin malami. Bayan ajiye aiki, Mallam Idris ya shiga aikin soja, inda ya yi aiki a garuruwa da dama na Najeriya, kafin mayar da shi garin Jos, kuma duk inda ya je ya riƙa koyar da karatu ta hanyar amfani da littafin Sheikh Gumi na 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha'. Wannan ne ya haifar da ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar Izalatil Bidi'a wa iƙamatussunnah a birnin Jos. Da'awar Gumi na kira ga Musulmi su yi aiki da karantarwar al-Ƙur'ani da kuma Hadisan Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) kawai, wani abu da ake ganin ya kawo gagarumin sauyi a yadda ake tafiyar da ibada a Najeriya da wasu ƙasashen da ke maƙwaftaka a lokacin.<ref>bbc</ref> == Wane ne Abubakar Gumi? == An haifi Abubakar Mahmud Gumi ne ranar Juma'a 7 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1924, wadda ita ce Juma'a ta ƙarshe ta watan Ramadan na shekara ta 1344 bayan hijira, kamar yadda malamin ya bayyana a cikin litattafinsa. Shahararren malamin addinin Musulunci ne kuma masanin shari'a, wanda ya kai har matsayin Alkalin Alkalai (Grand kadi) na arewacin Najeriya. Ya fara samun ilimi ne a wajen mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi. Sunan mahaifinsa Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, wanda ake kiransa da Na-Gumi, saboda zaman da ya yi a garin Gumi bayan zama a wurare daban-daban na ƙasar Hausa, kamar Katsina, Borno da Dutse. Mahaifin Abubakar Gumi ya kasance babban malamin addinin Musulunci da shari'a, kuma ɗaya daga cikin malamai da aka fi girmamawa a yankin Sokoto da Zamfara da kuma Kebbi a zamaninsa. Kakan mahaifin Abubakar Gumi shi ne Sheikh Aliyu Barou el-Badawi, wanda ya fito daga ƙabilar Larabawa ta Bedouin, waɗanda aka sani da kiwo a yankin Larabawa da arewacin nahiyar Afirka. Babu cikakken bayani kan yadda ya isa yankin Sokoto, amma dai ana ganin zuwan sa ba ya rasa nasaba da ziyarar da Larabawa suka riƙa yi zuwa ƙasar Hausa bayan ƙarni na 15, lokacin da Musulunci ya samu karɓuwa a ƙasar Hausa. Sunan mahaifiyar Abubakar Gumi Hafsatu, ɗiyar Malam Adamu, wadda mahaifinsa ya aura lokacin da yake koyarwa a Jega.<ref>bbc</ref> == Karatu == Abubakar Gumi ya fara karatunsa ne a hannun mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, inda ya haddace al-Ƙur'ani sannan kuma ya yi karatun litattafai da dama. Bayan nan a shekara ta 1933 ya shiga makarantar boko ta Dogon Daji Elementary School, inda daga baya aka mayar da shi makarantar Middle da ke Sokoto a shekara ta 1936. Daga nan ne ya tafi makarantar ilimin shari'a ta Kano. Sannan a shekara ta 1952 ya zurfafa karatu a makarantar koyar da Larabci ta Kano. Daga nan ne kuma ya yi karatun babbar difloma a cibiyar ilimi ta Bakht al-Rida da ke Sudan daga shekarar 1955 zuwa 1956. A shekarar 1987, Gumi ya lashe kyautar Sarki Faisal kan hidima ga addinin Muslunci. Daga cikin abubuwan da suka sa ya cancanci lambar girmamawar su ne wa'azi da kuma koyar da addinin Musulunci, taimakawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam da fassara alƙur'ani zuwa harshen Hausa da kuma rubuta litattafai na addinin Musulunci.<ref>bbc</ref> == Ayyukan ilimi == Abubakar Gumi ya yi gagarumar hidima ta hanyar rubuce-rubuce da kuma fassarar litattafai na addini.<ref>Bbc</ref> Litattafan da ya rubuta waɗanda suka fi yin fice sun haɗa da:<ref>Bbc</ref> * Tafsirin Al-ƙur'ani na '''Rad al-Azhan ila Ma'ani al-Qur`an''' * Al-Aqidah al-Sahiha bi Muwafaqat al-Shari'a * Kitab al-Nasihaila Amir MantiqatKatsina * Manufata / Where I Stand * Hal al-Niza` fi Mas´alatNuzul Isa alaih al-Salatwa al-Salam * Musulunchi da Abinda ke Rushe Shi * Zad al-Haj * Kitab Maratib al-Islam * Kitab Manasik al-hajwa al-Umra '''Fassara:''' * Fassarar ma'anonin al-Ƙur'ani mai girma * Fassarar Hadisai Arba'in (al-Nawawi) * Fassarar littafin Nur al-Bab * Fassarar littafin Hidayat al-Tullab fiAhamMasail al-Din == Rasuwa == Sheikh Abubakar Mahmoud Gumi ya rasu ne a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1992, a birnin Landan na ƙasar Birtaniya. A lokacin da ya rasu, al'umma sun girgiza kasancerwar sa mutumin da ya samu karɓuwa a tsakanin shugabanni da masu sarauta da kuma sauran al'umma. Gumi ya kasance malami, alƙali kuma tsani tsakanin shugabanni da talakawa. Baya ga batun addini, Sheikh Gumi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ɓangaren mulki da kuma ayyukan gwamnati. Ya kasance mai kusanci sosai ga masu mulki, sannan ya riƙa ƙarfafa wa al'ummar arewacin Najeriya, musamman Musulmai gwiwa wajen shiga ayyukan gwamnati da karatun zamani. Tsarin koyarwarsa ya sha bamban, inda ake yaba masa wajen haƙuri tare da ƙoƙarin ganin al'umma sun fahimci abin da yake koyarwa.<ref>bbc</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gumi, Abubakar Mahmud}} td43g5vn24lodoehfmuzvcqktkk5uwu 829823 829822 2026-05-05T04:39:52Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829823 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Sultan Bello Mosque 05.jpg|thumb|Masallacin [[Masallacin Sarkin Musulmi Bello|Sultan Bello]] dake Kaduna inda Malam Abubakar Gummi ya yi limanci tare da gabatar da wa'azinsa.]] [[File:Abubakar Mahmoud Gummi.jpg|thumb|Malam Abubakar Gummi]] '''Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi''' (an haife shi a shekara 1962 –zuwa shekarar 1992)<ref name="HunwickO'Fahey1994">{{cite book|author1=John O. Hunwick|author2=Rex Séan O'Fahey|title=Arabic Literature of Africa: The writings of central Sudanic Africa Vol.2. Volume 13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nKXOThUEpcC&pg=PA551dq=Abubakar+Gumi+1922|year=1994|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-10494-1|page=551}}</ref> malamin Addinin Musulunci ne ɗan Najeriya kuma alƙalin alƙalai na yankin [[Arewacin Najeriya]], matsayin da ya sanya shi ya zama cibiyar tafsirin tsarin shari’a a yankin. Ya kasance na kusa da [[Ahmadu Bello]], Firimiyan Arewa a shekarun alif 1950 zuwa 1960 kuma ya zama Grand Khadi a shekarata 1967, Kafin a soke wannan mukamin daga baya. Gummi ya fito a matsayin shugaba mai faɗa a ji a lokacin mulkin mallaka, inda yake ganin tsarin mulkin kai tsaye ya raunana ƙarfin addini na sarakuna da kuma karfafa Turawan Yamma. Tun daga shekarun alif 1960 ne ake samun rigingimu tsakanin jama’a tsakaninsa da shugabannin ‘yan’uwantakar Sufaye, waɗanda daga baya ya yi muhawara a shirye-shiryen talabijin a shekarun alif 1970 zuwa shekarata alif 1980. A wannan lokacin ya ci gaba da maida hankalinsa wajen gudanar da tarukan juma'a a cikin babban masallacin Kaduna ([[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]). Ya yi amfani da zaman wajen Farfado da sukar da ya ke yi wa hukumomi bisa ga ra'ayinsa na koma baya ga tsarin tushen ko kuma bukatar rungumar aikin tsafta na Musulunci. Ya kuma yi suka da kakkausar murya kan shigar sufanci. Yana da ’ya’ya da yawa, daga ciki akwai [[Ahmad Gumi|Dr. Ahmad Abubakar Gumi]] wanda ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin malamin babban masallacin Kaduna (Sultan Bello), Dakta Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] Zariya. kuma tsohon hafsan soji ne, ya bar aikin soja, ya yi tattaki zuwa jami'ar umm al-Qura da ke [[Makkah]], ƙasar [[Saudiyya]] inda ya yi karatun digirin digirgir (PhD). Gumi mabiyin mazhabar [[malikiyya]] ne, wannan ya samo asali ne ta hanyar rubuce-rubucensa da suka haɗa da tafsirin alkur'ani (Raddul azhaan ila ma'anil kur'an). da sauran littafai kamar (hullu nizam ala nuzuul isa) da (Al-Aqidatus As-Saheehah bi muwafaqati ash- Shari'ah) da sauransu == Karatu == Ya yi karatu da rubuce-rubuce a kan addinin [[musulunci]] sosai, ya fassara [[Qur'an|Qur'ani]] zuwa [[Hausa|harshen Hausa]], kuma shi ne mutum na farko daya rubuta tarjama wato fassarar ɗai-ɗaikun ayoyin dake Alkur'ani.<ref>John N. Paden, Muslim Civic Cultures and Conflict Resolution: the challenge of democratic federalism in Nigeria, Brookings Institution Press, 2005. p 60. ISBN 0-8157-6817-6</ref> Hakan ne ya sa ya samu nasarar samun kyautar Sarki Faisal(King Faisal Award), daga ƙasar saudiya. Malamin dai ya kasance babban aboki kuma mai ba wa Firimiya [[Ahmadu Bello]] sardaunan Sakkwato shawara. Shi ne mahaifin Dakta Shaykh [[Ahmad Gumi]]. == Shahara == Gumi ya shahara tun lokacin mulkin mallakar Turawa a matsayin mai faɗa a ji, yana sukar salon Mulkin [[Turawa]], cewa ya karya lagon sarakunan Musulmi kuma hakan yana Ƙara karfafa al'adun Turai a ƙasashen musulunci. A farkon shekara ta 1960 an samu barkewar rikici tsakanin sa da malaman sufaye wanda daga baya rikicin ya koma muhawara a gidajen rediyo da talabijin a shekarun 1970 zuwa shekara ta 1980.<ref>The Independent: "Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi" by Karl Maier 16 September 1992</ref> Ya riƙa amfani da ranakun Juma'a a matsayin lokutan yada akidunsa a babban masallacin Juma'a na [[Kaduna]] mai suna [[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]. == Dangi == Abubakar Gumi ba a san takamaiman yawan yayansa ba, amma mafi shahara a cikinsu shi ne Dr. [[Ahmad Gumi]] Wanda shi ne ya gaji Mahaifinsa a matsayin mai gabatar da wa'azi a masallacin na Sultan Bello dake Kaduna. Dr Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke [[Zariya]]. Kuma tsohon jami'in sojin Nijeriya ne, ya bar aikin soja inda ya tafi zuwa ƙasar Saudiyya domin karanta ilimin fikihu, a jami'ar [[Ummul Quraa]] da ke birnin [[Makkah|Makka]] inda ya samu shaidar digirin digir-gir.<ref>John Owen Hunwick. Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan, Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. ISBN 0-8101-1037-7</ref> [[File:Nigerian Public Domain 105.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Abubakar Gumi a shekarar 1970.]] == Tarihi == === Rayuwar farko da ilimi === An haifi Gumi a kauyen Gummi (yanzu karamar hukuma ce a jihar Zamfara ) a ranar Juma'ar karshe na watan Ramadan shekara ta 1344, ga iyalan Mahmud, malamin addinin Musulunci kuma Alkali (alkali) na Gummi. Iliminsa ya fara ne a bangon danginsa lokacin yana dalibin koyarwar addinin musulunci na mahaifinsa. Daga nan ya wuce makarantar da ke karkashin kulawar wani Malami mai suna Musa da ke Ambursa a lardin Sakkwato . A nan aka gabatar da shi ilimin Fiqhu da karanta littafai da waqoqin yabo ga Annabi. Makarantar boko ta farko da ya yi ita ce makarantar firamare ta Dogondaji, yayin da a makarantar firamare ya hadu da Sarkin Musulmi na 18 a nan gaba, Ibrahim Dasuki, kuma ya yi fice a harkokin addini. An nada shi Hakimin Salla (shugaban sallah) kuma an dora masa alhakin ciyar da dalibai ayyukan addini. A cikin shekara guda aka mayar da shi Makarantar Midil ta Sakkwato, inda Ahmadu Bello yake koyarwa. A nan ne ya saba da Shehu Shagari, da Waziri Muhammadu Junaidu, da Yahaya Gusau; na baya-bayan nan shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam, wata fitacciyar kungiyar Musulmi ta Najeriya . Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na secondary ya tafi [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] inda ya karanta fannin shari'a sannan ya samu horon Qadi . Ya fara aiki a matsayin magatakarda ga Qadi Attahiru amma ba da jimawa ba ya rasa nasaba da takamaiman aikinsa. Ya ba da darussa na sirri kan Musulunci da [[tafsiri]] a matsayin kubuta daga bacin ransa. Ya rasa mahaifinsa a shekara ta 1937 a lokacin da yake makarantar sakandare. Ya yi aure bayan shekara 3 da Maryama a shekarar 1941 yana dan shekara 19. <ref name="IndependentObit">{{Cite web |date=1992-09-15 |title=Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sheikh-abubakar-mahmud-gumi-1551628.html |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> === Farkon aiki === A shekarar 1947 Abubakar Gumi ya bar aikin sakatare na Qadi Attahiru ya tafi koyarwa a makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta Kano, wadda ya taba halarta a baya. A lokacin da yake Kano, ya hadu da Sheik Sa'id Hayatu, dan shugaban Mahdiyya na karni na 19, Hayatu ibn Sa'id, kuma wani mutum da ake ganin yana daya daga cikin fitattun wadanda mulkin mallaka ya rutsa da su. Shi ne shugaban kungiyar Mahdiyya, kuma ya dawo daga zaman tilas a kasar Kamaru . Abubakar ya shaku da koyarwar harkar Mahdiyya, a takaice ya zama mabiyi; Daga baya ya auri diyar Hayatu, Maryam. Duk da haka, ta rasu bayan ta haifi ɗa namiji. Dan Abubakar Gumi na farko ba Ahmad Abubakar ba ne, Dr Hamza Abubakar likita ne da ke aiki a yanzu haka a birnin Riyadh na kasar Saudiyya, sai kuma Manjo Janar Abdulkadir Abubakar (rtd) da kuma yaya mata biyu – daya ya auri marigayi Mai shari’a Muhammadu Bello, tsohon alkalin alkalai na tarayya, dayan kuma ta auri Sheik Sunusi Gumbi, sanannen malamin addinin musulunci kuma dalibin Abubakar Gumi. A 1949 Gumi ya sami aikin koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru, Sakkwato. Makarantar tana da wani shahararren malami mai suna [[Aminu Kano]], wanda shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar malamai ta Arewa kuma mai kula da wasu ‘yan [[Makarantar Islamiyya|makarantun musulmi]] . Aminu da Gumi sun yi cudanya tare da raba ra’ayoyi kan tasirin al’ummar gargajiya da addinin Musulunci, da kuma halin ko in kula ko goyon bayan da ‘yan’uwan Sufaye suke ba wa halin da ake ciki na [[Bida|Bidi’a]] . Ya bar Maru ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar koyon Larabci da ke Kano. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya zama malami na tsawon shekaru biyu a makarantar. Ya kuma halarci makarantar ilimi a Sudan. <ref name="Hunwick">John Owen Hunwick. ''Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan'', Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. {{ISBN|0-8101-1037-7}}</ref> A 1957 ya zama mai fassara ga gwamnatin Arewacin Najeriya kan al'amuran [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] . == Rikici == Abubakar Gumi yana da ra'ayi game da tsarin mulki da na addini na jami'an masarautu a Arewacin Najeriya. Rikicin akidarsa na farko da hukumomi shine a Maru. Rikici ya shafi aikin Tayamum . Babban Limamin Masallacin Maru ya kasance yana yin wanka da yashi (Tayammum) gabanin Sallah yayin da Gumi ya yi nuni da cewa Tayammu ana amfani da ita ne kawai idan ba a samu ruwa ba, kuma ana samun ruwa sosai a Maru . Gumi ya ci gaba da kalubalantar wannan al’ada, inda ya nemi dalibai da kada su fito don yin Sallah har sai Imam ya fasa yin Taimiyya. Sai dai Gumi wanda a baya ya rubuta kakkausar murya kan Sarkin Musulmi, yanzu ya samu Sarkin Musulmi yana sha’awar kokensa da babban limamin Maru. An kafa kwamitin bincike kan lamarin tare da goyon bayan Sarkin Musulmi. Sai dai da yake Gumi ya fi sanin aqidar Musulunci, haka nan kuma basirarsa ta gardama, sai hukumar ta yanke hukunci a kan Gumi. [1] Bayan samun nasara kadan a kan Sarkin Musulmi, Gumi ya yi amfani da hankalin da ya samu ta hanyar rubuta wata kasida mai mahimmanci a kan batun Musulmi, musamman Sarkin Musulmi, ya karbi mukaman Ingila . A lokacin, sannu a hankali ya fara ƙalubalantar imani da halaye na ayyuka a tsakanin al'ummar musulmi. [ abubuwan da ake bukata ] Wani harin da Gumi ya kai shi ne kungiyar [[Ahmadiyya]] karkashin jagorancin [[Jibril Martin]] . Yunkurin ya kasance manufa mai sauƙi ga Gumi, saboda wasu ra'ayoyin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar sun yi hannun riga da ainihin akidar Musulunci, kamar yadda wanda ya kafa ya sanya kansa a matsayin annabci . Daga baya Gumi ya fara fargabar wannan harkar ne sakamakon kwarewar tsarin kungiya na wanda ya assasa Najeriya, a hankali kungiyar ta shiga cikin hukumar alhazai ta yammacin Najeriya, sannan ta kafa makarantun almajirai a Kudu sannan kuma ya tashi zuwa arewa wajen yada manufofin Ahmadiyya. Gumi ya dauki wannan kalubale cikin sauki sannan aka dakile manufar kungiyar ta arewa. == Bayyanarshi a Kafafen yaɗa labarai == Sheik Gumi ya yi hajjin sa na farko zuwa Makka a shekarar 1955 kuma Ahmadu Bello ne ya hada shi da shi. Yayin da yake Makka ya yi tafsirin ayyukan addinin Musulunci tare da Bello da Sarki Sa'ud. Ya kuma sadu da dimbin al'ummar al'ummar musulmi ko kuma al'ummar musulmi a kasar Saudiyya, wadanda da yawa daga baya suka zama masu kyautata masa bayan rasuwar Ahmadu Bello a shekarar 1966. Da ya dawo Najeriya ya fara koyarwa a Makarantar Koyon Larabci da ke Kano da kuma wasu Makarantun Musulmi da kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam (JNI) ta kafa wacce ke kusa da birnin Kaduna. Babban bangare na koyarwarsa ya mayar da hankali kan bambance-bambancen al'ada da addini, da yadda za a fahimta da kuma rungumar asalin Musulunci. Ya kuma rubuta tafsirin kur'ani wanda akasari a kan sunna, ya kuma fassara kur'ani daga Larabci zuwa Hausa . Wannan tsari ya kai ga yada Littafi Mai Tsarki ga dimbin jama’ar Arewacin Najeriya, kuma ra’ayoyinsa da sakonsa kan muhimman koyarwar Musulunci sun fara samun dimbin masu sauraro. [1] Sai dai adawar da ya yi da manyan 'yan uwantakar Sufaye kamar Tijjaniyya da Qadiriyya ta jawo masa suka a kai a kai, kuma wasu daga cikin musulmi suka rika kai masa hari kan tafsirinsa; ya kan amsa da cewa su ci gaba da yin tafsirin nasu, idan ba sa son nasa. [1] A shekarun 1970 ya zama mai yawan fitowa a shirye-shiryen talabijin, musamman a lokutan bukukuwan Musulunci. "Lokacin da muka je wurin jifan shaiɗan (Jamra) sa'ilin aikin Hajji, sai mutanenmu suka riƙa yin wasu abubuwa marasa ma'ana. "Wasu suka riƙa nemo manyan duwatsu, wasu kuma suka riƙa cire takalmansu suna jifan jamrah, suna zage-zage da furta munanan kalamai, da sunan jifan shaiɗan." Wannan na daga cikin abubuwan da suka sanya Sheikh Abubakar Gumi ya yi yunƙuri a hukumance na sake faɗakar da mabiya addinin Musulunci a Najeriya yadda ake yin addini, bayan sanar da Firimiyan arewa na farko Ahmadu Bello, kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗaliban marigayin, Sheikh Yusuf Sambo Rigachikun ya tabbatar wa BBC. Wannan yunƙuri ya haifar da kafa wasu ƙungiyoyi guda biyu waɗanda suka jagoranci tafiyar da lamurran addinin Musulunci a Najeriya - Jama'atu Nasril Islam, sai kuma daga baya Jama'atu Izalatil Bidi'a wa Iqamatussunnah - lamarin da ya yi tasiri kan miliyoyin mabiya addinin a Najeriya. Shekara 33 bayan rasuwarsa, miliyoyin Musulmai a Najeriya na ci gaba da bin koyarwarsa, sannan ƙungiyoyin da ya jagoranci kafawa ne a gaba-gaba wajen yaɗawa da kuma tafiyar da al'amuran Musulunci a ƙasar. Baya ga Shehu Usman Danfodiyo, wanda ya yi jihadin sake ɗabbaƙa addinin Musulunci a ƙasar Hausa a farkon shekarun 1800, ana ganin cewa babu wani malami da koyarsa ta Musulunci ta yi tasiri a Najeriya kamar Abubakar Gumi. Wasu masana addini ma na ganin tasirin da Gumi ya yi "ta fi" ta Usman Danfodio, kasancewar a lokacinsa akwai hanyoyin sadarwa irin su talabijin da rediyo da hanyar wallafa litattafai da jaridu, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen yaɗa ayyukansa a ƙasar Hausa da maƙwafta. <ref>Bbc</ref> == Kawo sauyi == Tun kafin yunƙurin samar da ƙungiyoyin sake ilimantar da Musulman Najeriya kan ibada, Abubakar Gumi ya kasance mutum mai neman kawo sauyi, lamarin da ya sa ya yi ƙaurin suna tsakanin malamai da sarakuna har ma da turawan mulkin mallaka. A cikin littafinsa na Manufata, Gumi ya tuno yadda ya ƙalubalanci malaman addinin Musulunci waɗanda suke yin addini "yadda suka ga dama". Gumi ya ce "Sufanci ya zamo jiki a tsakanin al'umma ta yadda babu wanda ya damu ya binciki ko ya yi daidai da koyawar al-Ƙur'ani da hadisan annabi Muhammad". Irin wannan yunƙuri nasa ya fara jan hankali ne a lokacin da yake koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru a shekarar 1949. A lokacin ya fahimci yadda malaman addini da kuma sauran al'umma ke cakuɗa ibada da al'adu ko wasu abubuwa na daban. Limamin Juma'a na Maru a wancan lokaci ya kasance yana yin taimama domin yin sallah a maimakon alwala da ruwa, duk kuwa da wadatuwar ruwan da kuma rashin wata hujja ta yin taimamar. Bayan yunƙurin da ya yi na faɗakar da limamin game da 'haramcin' hakan, amma abin ya ci tura, Gumi ya hana ɗalibansa halartar sallar Juma'a a babban masallacin Maru, inda ya riƙa jan su sallah a cikin makaranta. A matsayin martani, sarkin Maru ya rubuta takardar ƙorafi kan Abubakar Gumi zuwa ga fadar sarkin Musulmi da kuma hukumomi turawan mulkin mallaka. Sai dai a ƙarshe Abubakar Gumi ne ya yi nasara ta hanyar gabatar da hujjoji masu ƙarfi da suka tabbatar da koyarwarsa. A game da turawan mulkin mallaka, Gumi ya ce "Idan na tuna ɓarnar da mulkin mallakar Birtaniya ya yi a ƙasarmu, nakan riƙa mamakin yadda mutanenmu suka kwashe tsawon shekaru ba tare da sun fahimci hakan ba. "Hatta a tsakanin masu iliminmu, ƙalilan ne suke tsayawa su fahimci yadda mulkin mallaka ya illa ga tunaninmu".<ref>bbc</ref> == Littafin da ya yamutsa hazo == Littafin da Abubakar Gumi ya rubuta a shekara ta 1972 mai taken 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha bi-Muwafaqat al-Shar'i' ya haifar da zazzafar muhawara tsakanin Musulman arewacin Najeriya sanadiyyar kakkausar sukar da littafin ya yi kan wasu ayyuka na masu bin akidar sufanci. A wannan lokaci kusan ɗaukacin Musulman Najeriya na bin tsari ne na ɗariƙa, wadda ta samo asali daga koyarwa irin ta sufanci. Da farko Abubakar Gumi ya ce ya rubuta littafin ne domin amfanin masu ilimi, kasancewar koyarwar littafin zai yi tsaurin fahimta ga mabiya, waɗanda iliminsu bai yi nisa ba. Sai dai a lokacin da ya tafi Saudiyya, sai Mallam Isma'ila Idris ya ɗauki littafin ya yi wa'azi da shi a birnin Kaduna, wani abu da ya haifar da ruɗani, abin da ya kai ga dole sai da ya ajiye aikinsa na gwamnati a matsayin malami. Bayan ajiye aiki, Mallam Idris ya shiga aikin soja, inda ya yi aiki a garuruwa da dama na Najeriya, kafin mayar da shi garin Jos, kuma duk inda ya je ya riƙa koyar da karatu ta hanyar amfani da littafin Sheikh Gumi na 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha'. Wannan ne ya haifar da ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar Izalatil Bidi'a wa iƙamatussunnah a birnin Jos. Da'awar Gumi na kira ga Musulmi su yi aiki da karantarwar al-Ƙur'ani da kuma Hadisan Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) kawai, wani abu da ake ganin ya kawo gagarumin sauyi a yadda ake tafiyar da ibada a Najeriya da wasu ƙasashen da ke maƙwaftaka a lokacin.<ref>bbc</ref> == Wane ne Abubakar Gumi? == An haifi Abubakar Mahmud Gumi ne ranar Juma'a 7 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1924, wadda ita ce Juma'a ta ƙarshe ta watan Ramadan na shekara ta 1344 bayan hijira, kamar yadda malamin ya bayyana a cikin litattafinsa. Shahararren malamin addinin Musulunci ne kuma masanin shari'a, wanda ya kai har matsayin Alkalin Alkalai (Grand kadi) na arewacin Najeriya. Ya fara samun ilimi ne a wajen mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi. Sunan mahaifinsa Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, wanda ake kiransa da Na-Gumi, saboda zaman da ya yi a garin Gumi bayan zama a wurare daban-daban na ƙasar Hausa, kamar Katsina, Borno da Dutse. Mahaifin Abubakar Gumi ya kasance babban malamin addinin Musulunci da shari'a, kuma ɗaya daga cikin malamai da aka fi girmamawa a yankin Sokoto da Zamfara da kuma Kebbi a zamaninsa. Kakan mahaifin Abubakar Gumi shi ne Sheikh Aliyu Barou el-Badawi, wanda ya fito daga ƙabilar Larabawa ta Bedouin, waɗanda aka sani da kiwo a yankin Larabawa da arewacin nahiyar Afirka. Babu cikakken bayani kan yadda ya isa yankin Sokoto, amma dai ana ganin zuwan sa ba ya rasa nasaba da ziyarar da Larabawa suka riƙa yi zuwa ƙasar Hausa bayan ƙarni na 15, lokacin da Musulunci ya samu karɓuwa a ƙasar Hausa. Sunan mahaifiyar Abubakar Gumi Hafsatu, ɗiyar Malam Adamu, wadda mahaifinsa ya aura lokacin da yake koyarwa a Jega.<ref>bbc</ref> == Karatu == Abubakar Gumi ya fara karatunsa ne a hannun mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, inda ya haddace al-Ƙur'ani sannan kuma ya yi karatun litattafai da dama. Bayan nan a shekara ta 1933 ya shiga makarantar boko ta Dogon Daji Elementary School, inda daga baya aka mayar da shi makarantar Middle da ke Sokoto a shekara ta 1936. Daga nan ne ya tafi makarantar ilimin shari'a ta Kano. Sannan a shekara ta 1952 ya zurfafa karatu a makarantar koyar da Larabci ta Kano. Daga nan ne kuma ya yi karatun babbar difloma a cibiyar ilimi ta Bakht al-Rida da ke Sudan daga shekarar 1955 zuwa 1956. A shekarar 1987, Gumi ya lashe kyautar Sarki Faisal kan hidima ga addinin Muslunci. Daga cikin abubuwan da suka sa ya cancanci lambar girmamawar su ne wa'azi da kuma koyar da addinin Musulunci, taimakawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam da fassara alƙur'ani zuwa harshen Hausa da kuma rubuta litattafai na addinin Musulunci.<ref>bbc</ref> == Ayyukan ilimi == Abubakar Gumi ya yi gagarumar hidima ta hanyar rubuce-rubuce da kuma fassarar litattafai na addini.<ref>Bbc</ref> Litattafan da ya rubuta waɗanda suka fi yin fice sun haɗa da:<ref>Bbc</ref> * Tafsirin Al-ƙur'ani na '''Rad al-Azhan ila Ma'ani al-Qur`an''' * Al-Aqidah al-Sahiha bi Muwafaqat al-Shari'a * Kitab al-Nasihaila Amir MantiqatKatsina * Manufata / Where I Stand * Hal al-Niza` fi Mas´alatNuzul Isa alaih al-Salatwa al-Salam * Musulunchi da Abinda ke Rushe Shi * Zad al-Haj * Kitab Maratib al-Islam * Kitab Manasik al-hajwa al-Umra '''Fassara:''' * Fassarar ma'anonin al-Ƙur'ani mai girma * Fassarar Hadisai Arba'in (al-Nawawi) * Fassarar littafin Nur al-Bab * Fassarar littafin Hidayat al-Tullab fiAhamMasail al-Din == Rasuwa == Sheikh Abubakar Mahmoud Gumi ya rasu ne a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1992, a birnin Landan na ƙasar Birtaniya. A lokacin da ya rasu, al'umma sun girgiza kasancerwar sa mutumin da ya samu karɓuwa a tsakanin shugabanni da masu sarauta da kuma sauran al'umma. Gumi ya kasance malami, alƙali kuma tsani tsakanin shugabanni da talakawa. Baya ga batun addini, Sheikh Gumi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ɓangaren mulki da kuma ayyukan gwamnati. Ya kasance mai kusanci sosai ga masu mulki, sannan ya riƙa ƙarfafa wa al'ummar arewacin Najeriya, musamman Musulmai gwiwa wajen shiga ayyukan gwamnati da karatun zamani. Tsarin koyarwarsa ya sha bamban, inda ake yaba masa wajen haƙuri tare da ƙoƙarin ganin al'umma sun fahimci abin da yake koyarwa.<ref>bbc</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gumi, Abubakar Mahmud}} 6v2x5t9quj1jm3bccu79kx6hxkqelml 829824 829823 2026-05-05T04:40:40Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829824 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Sultan Bello Mosque 05.jpg|thumb|Masallacin [[Masallacin Sarkin Musulmi Bello|Sultan Bello]] dake Kaduna inda Malam Abubakar Gummi ya yi limanci tare da gabatar da wa'azinsa.]] [[File:Abubakar Mahmoud Gummi.jpg|thumb|Malam Abubakar Gummi]] '''Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi''' (an haife shi a shekara 1962 –zuwa shekarar 1992)<ref name="HunwickO'Fahey1994">{{cite book|author1=John O. Hunwick|author2=Rex Séan O'Fahey|title=Arabic Literature of Africa: The writings of central Sudanic Africa Vol.2. Volume 13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nKXOThUEpcC&pg=PA551dq=Abubakar+Gummi+1922|year=1994|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-10494-1|page=551}}</ref> malamin Addinin Musulunci ne ɗan Najeriya kuma alƙalin alƙalai na yankin [[Arewacin Najeriya]], matsayin da ya sanya shi ya zama cibiyar tafsirin tsarin shari’a a yankin. Ya kasance na kusa da [[Ahmadu Bello]], Firimiyan Arewa a shekarun alif 1950 zuwa 1960 kuma ya zama Grand Khadi a shekarata 1967, Kafin a soke wannan mukamin daga baya. Gummi ya fito a matsayin shugaba mai faɗa a ji a lokacin mulkin mallaka, inda yake ganin tsarin mulkin kai tsaye ya raunana ƙarfin addini na sarakuna da kuma karfafa Turawan Yamma. Tun daga shekarun alif 1960 ne ake samun rigingimu tsakanin jama’a tsakaninsa da shugabannin ‘yan’uwantakar Sufaye, waɗanda daga baya ya yi muhawara a shirye-shiryen talabijin a shekarun alif 1970 zuwa shekarata alif 1980. A wannan lokacin ya ci gaba da maida hankalinsa wajen gudanar da tarukan juma'a a cikin babban masallacin Kaduna ([[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]). Ya yi amfani da zaman wajen Farfado da sukar da ya ke yi wa hukumomi bisa ga ra'ayinsa na koma baya ga tsarin tushen ko kuma bukatar rungumar aikin tsafta na Musulunci. Ya kuma yi suka da kakkausar murya kan shigar sufanci. Yana da ’ya’ya da yawa, daga ciki akwai [[Ahmad Gumi|Dr. Ahmad Abubakar Gumi]] wanda ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin malamin babban masallacin Kaduna (Sultan Bello), Dakta Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] Zariya. kuma tsohon hafsan soji ne, ya bar aikin soja, ya yi tattaki zuwa jami'ar umm al-Qura da ke [[Makkah]], ƙasar [[Saudiyya]] inda ya yi karatun digirin digirgir (PhD). Gumi mabiyin mazhabar [[malikiyya]] ne, wannan ya samo asali ne ta hanyar rubuce-rubucensa da suka haɗa da tafsirin alkur'ani (Raddul azhaan ila ma'anil kur'an). da sauran littafai kamar (hullu nizam ala nuzuul isa) da (Al-Aqidatus As-Saheehah bi muwafaqati ash- Shari'ah) da sauransu == Karatu == Ya yi karatu da rubuce-rubuce a kan addinin [[musulunci]] sosai, ya fassara [[Qur'an|Qur'ani]] zuwa [[Hausa|harshen Hausa]], kuma shi ne mutum na farko daya rubuta tarjama wato fassarar ɗai-ɗaikun ayoyin dake Alkur'ani.<ref>John N. Paden, Muslim Civic Cultures and Conflict Resolution: the challenge of democratic federalism in Nigeria, Brookings Institution Press, 2005. p 60. ISBN 0-8157-6817-6</ref> Hakan ne ya sa ya samu nasarar samun kyautar Sarki Faisal(King Faisal Award), daga ƙasar saudiya. Malamin dai ya kasance babban aboki kuma mai ba wa Firimiya [[Ahmadu Bello]] sardaunan Sakkwato shawara. Shi ne mahaifin Dakta Shaykh [[Ahmad Gumi]]. == Shahara == Gumi ya shahara tun lokacin mulkin mallakar Turawa a matsayin mai faɗa a ji, yana sukar salon Mulkin [[Turawa]], cewa ya karya lagon sarakunan Musulmi kuma hakan yana Ƙara karfafa al'adun Turai a ƙasashen musulunci. A farkon shekara ta 1960 an samu barkewar rikici tsakanin sa da malaman sufaye wanda daga baya rikicin ya koma muhawara a gidajen rediyo da talabijin a shekarun 1970 zuwa shekara ta 1980.<ref>The Independent: "Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi" by Karl Maier 16 September 1992</ref> Ya riƙa amfani da ranakun Juma'a a matsayin lokutan yada akidunsa a babban masallacin Juma'a na [[Kaduna]] mai suna [[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]. == Dangi == Abubakar Gumi ba a san takamaiman yawan yayansa ba, amma mafi shahara a cikinsu shi ne Dr. [[Ahmad Gumi]] Wanda shi ne ya gaji Mahaifinsa a matsayin mai gabatar da wa'azi a masallacin na Sultan Bello dake Kaduna. Dr Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke [[Zariya]]. Kuma tsohon jami'in sojin Nijeriya ne, ya bar aikin soja inda ya tafi zuwa ƙasar Saudiyya domin karanta ilimin fikihu, a jami'ar [[Ummul Quraa]] da ke birnin [[Makkah|Makka]] inda ya samu shaidar digirin digir-gir.<ref>John Owen Hunwick. Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan, Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. ISBN 0-8101-1037-7</ref> [[File:Nigerian Public Domain 105.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Abubakar Gumi a shekarar 1970.]] == Tarihi == === Rayuwar farko da ilimi === An haifi Gumi a kauyen Gummi (yanzu karamar hukuma ce a jihar Zamfara ) a ranar Juma'ar karshe na watan Ramadan shekara ta 1344, ga iyalan Mahmud, malamin addinin Musulunci kuma Alkali (alkali) na Gummi. Iliminsa ya fara ne a bangon danginsa lokacin yana dalibin koyarwar addinin musulunci na mahaifinsa. Daga nan ya wuce makarantar da ke karkashin kulawar wani Malami mai suna Musa da ke Ambursa a lardin Sakkwato . A nan aka gabatar da shi ilimin Fiqhu da karanta littafai da waqoqin yabo ga Annabi. Makarantar boko ta farko da ya yi ita ce makarantar firamare ta Dogondaji, yayin da a makarantar firamare ya hadu da Sarkin Musulmi na 18 a nan gaba, Ibrahim Dasuki, kuma ya yi fice a harkokin addini. An nada shi Hakimin Salla (shugaban sallah) kuma an dora masa alhakin ciyar da dalibai ayyukan addini. A cikin shekara guda aka mayar da shi Makarantar Midil ta Sakkwato, inda Ahmadu Bello yake koyarwa. A nan ne ya saba da Shehu Shagari, da Waziri Muhammadu Junaidu, da Yahaya Gusau; na baya-bayan nan shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam, wata fitacciyar kungiyar Musulmi ta Najeriya . Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na secondary ya tafi [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] inda ya karanta fannin shari'a sannan ya samu horon Qadi . Ya fara aiki a matsayin magatakarda ga Qadi Attahiru amma ba da jimawa ba ya rasa nasaba da takamaiman aikinsa. Ya ba da darussa na sirri kan Musulunci da [[tafsiri]] a matsayin kubuta daga bacin ransa. Ya rasa mahaifinsa a shekara ta 1937 a lokacin da yake makarantar sakandare. Ya yi aure bayan shekara 3 da Maryama a shekarar 1941 yana dan shekara 19. <ref name="IndependentObit">{{Cite web |date=1992-09-15 |title=Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sheikh-abubakar-mahmud-gumi-1551628.html |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> === Farkon aiki === A shekarar 1947 Abubakar Gumi ya bar aikin sakatare na Qadi Attahiru ya tafi koyarwa a makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta Kano, wadda ya taba halarta a baya. A lokacin da yake Kano, ya hadu da Sheik Sa'id Hayatu, dan shugaban Mahdiyya na karni na 19, Hayatu ibn Sa'id, kuma wani mutum da ake ganin yana daya daga cikin fitattun wadanda mulkin mallaka ya rutsa da su. Shi ne shugaban kungiyar Mahdiyya, kuma ya dawo daga zaman tilas a kasar Kamaru . Abubakar ya shaku da koyarwar harkar Mahdiyya, a takaice ya zama mabiyi; Daga baya ya auri diyar Hayatu, Maryam. Duk da haka, ta rasu bayan ta haifi ɗa namiji. Dan Abubakar Gumi na farko ba Ahmad Abubakar ba ne, Dr Hamza Abubakar likita ne da ke aiki a yanzu haka a birnin Riyadh na kasar Saudiyya, sai kuma Manjo Janar Abdulkadir Abubakar (rtd) da kuma yaya mata biyu – daya ya auri marigayi Mai shari’a Muhammadu Bello, tsohon alkalin alkalai na tarayya, dayan kuma ta auri Sheik Sunusi Gumbi, sanannen malamin addinin musulunci kuma dalibin Abubakar Gumi. A 1949 Gumi ya sami aikin koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru, Sakkwato. Makarantar tana da wani shahararren malami mai suna [[Aminu Kano]], wanda shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar malamai ta Arewa kuma mai kula da wasu ‘yan [[Makarantar Islamiyya|makarantun musulmi]] . Aminu da Gumi sun yi cudanya tare da raba ra’ayoyi kan tasirin al’ummar gargajiya da addinin Musulunci, da kuma halin ko in kula ko goyon bayan da ‘yan’uwan Sufaye suke ba wa halin da ake ciki na [[Bida|Bidi’a]] . Ya bar Maru ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar koyon Larabci da ke Kano. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya zama malami na tsawon shekaru biyu a makarantar. Ya kuma halarci makarantar ilimi a Sudan. <ref name="Hunwick">John Owen Hunwick. ''Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan'', Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. {{ISBN|0-8101-1037-7}}</ref> A 1957 ya zama mai fassara ga gwamnatin Arewacin Najeriya kan al'amuran [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] . == Rikici == Abubakar Gumi yana da ra'ayi game da tsarin mulki da na addini na jami'an masarautu a Arewacin Najeriya. Rikicin akidarsa na farko da hukumomi shine a Maru. Rikici ya shafi aikin Tayamum . Babban Limamin Masallacin Maru ya kasance yana yin wanka da yashi (Tayammum) gabanin Sallah yayin da Gumi ya yi nuni da cewa Tayammu ana amfani da ita ne kawai idan ba a samu ruwa ba, kuma ana samun ruwa sosai a Maru . Gumi ya ci gaba da kalubalantar wannan al’ada, inda ya nemi dalibai da kada su fito don yin Sallah har sai Imam ya fasa yin Taimiyya. Sai dai Gumi wanda a baya ya rubuta kakkausar murya kan Sarkin Musulmi, yanzu ya samu Sarkin Musulmi yana sha’awar kokensa da babban limamin Maru. An kafa kwamitin bincike kan lamarin tare da goyon bayan Sarkin Musulmi. Sai dai da yake Gumi ya fi sanin aqidar Musulunci, haka nan kuma basirarsa ta gardama, sai hukumar ta yanke hukunci a kan Gumi. [1] Bayan samun nasara kadan a kan Sarkin Musulmi, Gumi ya yi amfani da hankalin da ya samu ta hanyar rubuta wata kasida mai mahimmanci a kan batun Musulmi, musamman Sarkin Musulmi, ya karbi mukaman Ingila . A lokacin, sannu a hankali ya fara ƙalubalantar imani da halaye na ayyuka a tsakanin al'ummar musulmi. [ abubuwan da ake bukata ] Wani harin da Gumi ya kai shi ne kungiyar [[Ahmadiyya]] karkashin jagorancin [[Jibril Martin]] . Yunkurin ya kasance manufa mai sauƙi ga Gumi, saboda wasu ra'ayoyin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar sun yi hannun riga da ainihin akidar Musulunci, kamar yadda wanda ya kafa ya sanya kansa a matsayin annabci . Daga baya Gumi ya fara fargabar wannan harkar ne sakamakon kwarewar tsarin kungiya na wanda ya assasa Najeriya, a hankali kungiyar ta shiga cikin hukumar alhazai ta yammacin Najeriya, sannan ta kafa makarantun almajirai a Kudu sannan kuma ya tashi zuwa arewa wajen yada manufofin Ahmadiyya. Gumi ya dauki wannan kalubale cikin sauki sannan aka dakile manufar kungiyar ta arewa. == Bayyanarshi a Kafafen yaɗa labarai == Sheik Gumi ya yi hajjin sa na farko zuwa Makka a shekarar 1955 kuma Ahmadu Bello ne ya hada shi da shi. Yayin da yake Makka ya yi tafsirin ayyukan addinin Musulunci tare da Bello da Sarki Sa'ud. Ya kuma sadu da dimbin al'ummar al'ummar musulmi ko kuma al'ummar musulmi a kasar Saudiyya, wadanda da yawa daga baya suka zama masu kyautata masa bayan rasuwar Ahmadu Bello a shekarar 1966. Da ya dawo Najeriya ya fara koyarwa a Makarantar Koyon Larabci da ke Kano da kuma wasu Makarantun Musulmi da kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam (JNI) ta kafa wacce ke kusa da birnin Kaduna. Babban bangare na koyarwarsa ya mayar da hankali kan bambance-bambancen al'ada da addini, da yadda za a fahimta da kuma rungumar asalin Musulunci. Ya kuma rubuta tafsirin kur'ani wanda akasari a kan sunna, ya kuma fassara kur'ani daga Larabci zuwa Hausa . Wannan tsari ya kai ga yada Littafi Mai Tsarki ga dimbin jama’ar Arewacin Najeriya, kuma ra’ayoyinsa da sakonsa kan muhimman koyarwar Musulunci sun fara samun dimbin masu sauraro. [1] Sai dai adawar da ya yi da manyan 'yan uwantakar Sufaye kamar Tijjaniyya da Qadiriyya ta jawo masa suka a kai a kai, kuma wasu daga cikin musulmi suka rika kai masa hari kan tafsirinsa; ya kan amsa da cewa su ci gaba da yin tafsirin nasu, idan ba sa son nasa. [1] A shekarun 1970 ya zama mai yawan fitowa a shirye-shiryen talabijin, musamman a lokutan bukukuwan Musulunci. "Lokacin da muka je wurin jifan shaiɗan (Jamra) sa'ilin aikin Hajji, sai mutanenmu suka riƙa yin wasu abubuwa marasa ma'ana. "Wasu suka riƙa nemo manyan duwatsu, wasu kuma suka riƙa cire takalmansu suna jifan jamrah, suna zage-zage da furta munanan kalamai, da sunan jifan shaiɗan." Wannan na daga cikin abubuwan da suka sanya Sheikh Abubakar Gumi ya yi yunƙuri a hukumance na sake faɗakar da mabiya addinin Musulunci a Najeriya yadda ake yin addini, bayan sanar da Firimiyan arewa na farko Ahmadu Bello, kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗaliban marigayin, Sheikh Yusuf Sambo Rigachikun ya tabbatar wa BBC. Wannan yunƙuri ya haifar da kafa wasu ƙungiyoyi guda biyu waɗanda suka jagoranci tafiyar da lamurran addinin Musulunci a Najeriya - Jama'atu Nasril Islam, sai kuma daga baya Jama'atu Izalatil Bidi'a wa Iqamatussunnah - lamarin da ya yi tasiri kan miliyoyin mabiya addinin a Najeriya. Shekara 33 bayan rasuwarsa, miliyoyin Musulmai a Najeriya na ci gaba da bin koyarwarsa, sannan ƙungiyoyin da ya jagoranci kafawa ne a gaba-gaba wajen yaɗawa da kuma tafiyar da al'amuran Musulunci a ƙasar. Baya ga Shehu Usman Danfodiyo, wanda ya yi jihadin sake ɗabbaƙa addinin Musulunci a ƙasar Hausa a farkon shekarun 1800, ana ganin cewa babu wani malami da koyarsa ta Musulunci ta yi tasiri a Najeriya kamar Abubakar Gumi. Wasu masana addini ma na ganin tasirin da Gumi ya yi "ta fi" ta Usman Danfodio, kasancewar a lokacinsa akwai hanyoyin sadarwa irin su talabijin da rediyo da hanyar wallafa litattafai da jaridu, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen yaɗa ayyukansa a ƙasar Hausa da maƙwafta. <ref>Bbc</ref> == Kawo sauyi == Tun kafin yunƙurin samar da ƙungiyoyin sake ilimantar da Musulman Najeriya kan ibada, Abubakar Gumi ya kasance mutum mai neman kawo sauyi, lamarin da ya sa ya yi ƙaurin suna tsakanin malamai da sarakuna har ma da turawan mulkin mallaka. A cikin littafinsa na Manufata, Gumi ya tuno yadda ya ƙalubalanci malaman addinin Musulunci waɗanda suke yin addini "yadda suka ga dama". Gumi ya ce "Sufanci ya zamo jiki a tsakanin al'umma ta yadda babu wanda ya damu ya binciki ko ya yi daidai da koyawar al-Ƙur'ani da hadisan annabi Muhammad". Irin wannan yunƙuri nasa ya fara jan hankali ne a lokacin da yake koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru a shekarar 1949. A lokacin ya fahimci yadda malaman addini da kuma sauran al'umma ke cakuɗa ibada da al'adu ko wasu abubuwa na daban. Limamin Juma'a na Maru a wancan lokaci ya kasance yana yin taimama domin yin sallah a maimakon alwala da ruwa, duk kuwa da wadatuwar ruwan da kuma rashin wata hujja ta yin taimamar. Bayan yunƙurin da ya yi na faɗakar da limamin game da 'haramcin' hakan, amma abin ya ci tura, Gumi ya hana ɗalibansa halartar sallar Juma'a a babban masallacin Maru, inda ya riƙa jan su sallah a cikin makaranta. A matsayin martani, sarkin Maru ya rubuta takardar ƙorafi kan Abubakar Gumi zuwa ga fadar sarkin Musulmi da kuma hukumomi turawan mulkin mallaka. Sai dai a ƙarshe Abubakar Gumi ne ya yi nasara ta hanyar gabatar da hujjoji masu ƙarfi da suka tabbatar da koyarwarsa. A game da turawan mulkin mallaka, Gumi ya ce "Idan na tuna ɓarnar da mulkin mallakar Birtaniya ya yi a ƙasarmu, nakan riƙa mamakin yadda mutanenmu suka kwashe tsawon shekaru ba tare da sun fahimci hakan ba. "Hatta a tsakanin masu iliminmu, ƙalilan ne suke tsayawa su fahimci yadda mulkin mallaka ya illa ga tunaninmu".<ref>bbc</ref> == Littafin da ya yamutsa hazo == Littafin da Abubakar Gumi ya rubuta a shekara ta 1972 mai taken 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha bi-Muwafaqat al-Shar'i' ya haifar da zazzafar muhawara tsakanin Musulman arewacin Najeriya sanadiyyar kakkausar sukar da littafin ya yi kan wasu ayyuka na masu bin akidar sufanci. A wannan lokaci kusan ɗaukacin Musulman Najeriya na bin tsari ne na ɗariƙa, wadda ta samo asali daga koyarwa irin ta sufanci. Da farko Abubakar Gumi ya ce ya rubuta littafin ne domin amfanin masu ilimi, kasancewar koyarwar littafin zai yi tsaurin fahimta ga mabiya, waɗanda iliminsu bai yi nisa ba. Sai dai a lokacin da ya tafi Saudiyya, sai Mallam Isma'ila Idris ya ɗauki littafin ya yi wa'azi da shi a birnin Kaduna, wani abu da ya haifar da ruɗani, abin da ya kai ga dole sai da ya ajiye aikinsa na gwamnati a matsayin malami. Bayan ajiye aiki, Mallam Idris ya shiga aikin soja, inda ya yi aiki a garuruwa da dama na Najeriya, kafin mayar da shi garin Jos, kuma duk inda ya je ya riƙa koyar da karatu ta hanyar amfani da littafin Sheikh Gumi na 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha'. Wannan ne ya haifar da ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar Izalatil Bidi'a wa iƙamatussunnah a birnin Jos. Da'awar Gumi na kira ga Musulmi su yi aiki da karantarwar al-Ƙur'ani da kuma Hadisan Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) kawai, wani abu da ake ganin ya kawo gagarumin sauyi a yadda ake tafiyar da ibada a Najeriya da wasu ƙasashen da ke maƙwaftaka a lokacin.<ref>bbc</ref> == Wane ne Abubakar Gumi? == An haifi Abubakar Mahmud Gumi ne ranar Juma'a 7 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1924, wadda ita ce Juma'a ta ƙarshe ta watan Ramadan na shekara ta 1344 bayan hijira, kamar yadda malamin ya bayyana a cikin litattafinsa. Shahararren malamin addinin Musulunci ne kuma masanin shari'a, wanda ya kai har matsayin Alkalin Alkalai (Grand kadi) na arewacin Najeriya. Ya fara samun ilimi ne a wajen mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi. Sunan mahaifinsa Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, wanda ake kiransa da Na-Gumi, saboda zaman da ya yi a garin Gumi bayan zama a wurare daban-daban na ƙasar Hausa, kamar Katsina, Borno da Dutse. Mahaifin Abubakar Gumi ya kasance babban malamin addinin Musulunci da shari'a, kuma ɗaya daga cikin malamai da aka fi girmamawa a yankin Sokoto da Zamfara da kuma Kebbi a zamaninsa. Kakan mahaifin Abubakar Gumi shi ne Sheikh Aliyu Barou el-Badawi, wanda ya fito daga ƙabilar Larabawa ta Bedouin, waɗanda aka sani da kiwo a yankin Larabawa da arewacin nahiyar Afirka. Babu cikakken bayani kan yadda ya isa yankin Sokoto, amma dai ana ganin zuwan sa ba ya rasa nasaba da ziyarar da Larabawa suka riƙa yi zuwa ƙasar Hausa bayan ƙarni na 15, lokacin da Musulunci ya samu karɓuwa a ƙasar Hausa. Sunan mahaifiyar Abubakar Gumi Hafsatu, ɗiyar Malam Adamu, wadda mahaifinsa ya aura lokacin da yake koyarwa a Jega.<ref>bbc</ref> == Karatu == Abubakar Gumi ya fara karatunsa ne a hannun mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, inda ya haddace al-Ƙur'ani sannan kuma ya yi karatun litattafai da dama. Bayan nan a shekara ta 1933 ya shiga makarantar boko ta Dogon Daji Elementary School, inda daga baya aka mayar da shi makarantar Middle da ke Sokoto a shekara ta 1936. Daga nan ne ya tafi makarantar ilimin shari'a ta Kano. Sannan a shekara ta 1952 ya zurfafa karatu a makarantar koyar da Larabci ta Kano. Daga nan ne kuma ya yi karatun babbar difloma a cibiyar ilimi ta Bakht al-Rida da ke Sudan daga shekarar 1955 zuwa 1956. A shekarar 1987, Gumi ya lashe kyautar Sarki Faisal kan hidima ga addinin Muslunci. Daga cikin abubuwan da suka sa ya cancanci lambar girmamawar su ne wa'azi da kuma koyar da addinin Musulunci, taimakawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam da fassara alƙur'ani zuwa harshen Hausa da kuma rubuta litattafai na addinin Musulunci.<ref>bbc</ref> == Ayyukan ilimi == Abubakar Gumi ya yi gagarumar hidima ta hanyar rubuce-rubuce da kuma fassarar litattafai na addini.<ref>Bbc</ref> Litattafan da ya rubuta waɗanda suka fi yin fice sun haɗa da:<ref>Bbc</ref> * Tafsirin Al-ƙur'ani na '''Rad al-Azhan ila Ma'ani al-Qur`an''' * Al-Aqidah al-Sahiha bi Muwafaqat al-Shari'a * Kitab al-Nasihaila Amir MantiqatKatsina * Manufata / Where I Stand * Hal al-Niza` fi Mas´alatNuzul Isa alaih al-Salatwa al-Salam * Musulunchi da Abinda ke Rushe Shi * Zad al-Haj * Kitab Maratib al-Islam * Kitab Manasik al-hajwa al-Umra '''Fassara:''' * Fassarar ma'anonin al-Ƙur'ani mai girma * Fassarar Hadisai Arba'in (al-Nawawi) * Fassarar littafin Nur al-Bab * Fassarar littafin Hidayat al-Tullab fiAhamMasail al-Din == Rasuwa == Sheikh Abubakar Mahmoud Gumi ya rasu ne a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1992, a birnin Landan na ƙasar Birtaniya. A lokacin da ya rasu, al'umma sun girgiza kasancerwar sa mutumin da ya samu karɓuwa a tsakanin shugabanni da masu sarauta da kuma sauran al'umma. Gumi ya kasance malami, alƙali kuma tsani tsakanin shugabanni da talakawa. Baya ga batun addini, Sheikh Gumi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ɓangaren mulki da kuma ayyukan gwamnati. Ya kasance mai kusanci sosai ga masu mulki, sannan ya riƙa ƙarfafa wa al'ummar arewacin Najeriya, musamman Musulmai gwiwa wajen shiga ayyukan gwamnati da karatun zamani. Tsarin koyarwarsa ya sha bamban, inda ake yaba masa wajen haƙuri tare da ƙoƙarin ganin al'umma sun fahimci abin da yake koyarwa.<ref>bbc</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gumi, Abubakar Mahmud}} kwfkyhtjzal64t4bwstd0yyg98hp1ab 829825 829824 2026-05-05T04:41:26Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829825 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Sultan Bello Mosque 05.jpg|thumb|Masallacin [[Masallacin Sarkin Musulmi Bello|Sultan Bello]] dake Kaduna inda Malam Abubakar Gummi ya yi limanci tare da gabatar da wa'azinsa.]] [[File:Abubakar Mahmoud Gummi.jpg|thumb|Malam Abubakar Gummi]] '''Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi''' (an haife shi a shekara 1962 –zuwa shekarar 1992)<ref name="HunwickO'Fahey1994">{{cite book|author1=John O. Hunwick|author2=Rex Séan O'Fahey|title=Arabic Literature of Africa: The writings of central Sudanic Africa Vol.2. Volume 13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nKXOThUEpcC&pg=PA551dq=Abubakar+Gummi+1922|year=1994|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-10494-1|page=551}}</ref> malamin Addinin Musulunci ne ɗan Najeriya kuma alƙalin alƙalai na yankin [[Arewacin Najeriya]], matsayin da ya sanya shi ya zama cibiyar tafsirin tsarin shari’a a yankin. Ya kasance na kusa da [[Ahmadu Bello]], Firimiyan Arewa a shekarun alif 1950 zuwa 1960 kuma ya zama Grand Khadi a shekarata 1967, Kafin a soke wannan mukamin daga baya. Gummi ya fito a matsayin shugaba mai faɗa a ji a lokacin mulkin mallaka, inda yake ganin tsarin mulkin kai tsaye ya raunana ƙarfin addini na sarakuna da kuma ƙarfafa Turawan Yamma. Tun daga shekarun alif 1960 ne ake samun rigingimu tsakanin jama’a tsakaninsa da shugabannin ‘yan’uwantakar Sufaye, waɗanda daga baya ya yi muhawara a shirye-shiryen talabijin a shekarun alif 1970 zuwa shekarata alif 1980. A wannan lokacin ya ci gaba da maida hankalinsa wajen gudanar da tarukan juma'a a cikin babban masallacin Kaduna ([[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]). Ya yi amfani da zaman wajen Farfado da sukar da ya ke yi wa hukumomi bisa ga ra'ayinsa na koma baya ga tsarin tushen ko kuma bukatar rungumar aikin tsafta na Musulunci. Ya kuma yi suka da kakkausar murya kan shigar sufanci. Yana da ’ya’ya da yawa, daga ciki akwai [[Ahmad Gumi|Dr. Ahmad Abubakar Gumi]] wanda ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin malamin babban masallacin Kaduna (Sultan Bello), Dakta Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] Zariya. kuma tsohon hafsan soji ne, ya bar aikin soja, ya yi tattaki zuwa jami'ar umm al-Qura da ke [[Makkah]], ƙasar [[Saudiyya]] inda ya yi karatun digirin digirgir (PhD). Gumi mabiyin mazhabar [[malikiyya]] ne, wannan ya samo asali ne ta hanyar rubuce-rubucensa da suka haɗa da tafsirin alkur'ani (Raddul azhaan ila ma'anil kur'an). da sauran littafai kamar (hullu nizam ala nuzuul isa) da (Al-Aqidatus As-Saheehah bi muwafaqati ash- Shari'ah) da sauransu == Karatu == Ya yi karatu da rubuce-rubuce a kan addinin [[musulunci]] sosai, ya fassara [[Qur'an|Qur'ani]] zuwa [[Hausa|harshen Hausa]], kuma shi ne mutum na farko daya rubuta tarjama wato fassarar ɗai-ɗaikun ayoyin dake Alkur'ani.<ref>John N. Paden, Muslim Civic Cultures and Conflict Resolution: the challenge of democratic federalism in Nigeria, Brookings Institution Press, 2005. p 60. ISBN 0-8157-6817-6</ref> Hakan ne ya sa ya samu nasarar samun kyautar Sarki Faisal(King Faisal Award), daga ƙasar saudiya. Malamin dai ya kasance babban aboki kuma mai ba wa Firimiya [[Ahmadu Bello]] sardaunan Sakkwato shawara. Shi ne mahaifin Dakta Shaykh [[Ahmad Gumi]]. == Shahara == Gumi ya shahara tun lokacin mulkin mallakar Turawa a matsayin mai faɗa a ji, yana sukar salon Mulkin [[Turawa]], cewa ya karya lagon sarakunan Musulmi kuma hakan yana Ƙara karfafa al'adun Turai a ƙasashen musulunci. A farkon shekara ta 1960 an samu barkewar rikici tsakanin sa da malaman sufaye wanda daga baya rikicin ya koma muhawara a gidajen rediyo da talabijin a shekarun 1970 zuwa shekara ta 1980.<ref>The Independent: "Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi" by Karl Maier 16 September 1992</ref> Ya riƙa amfani da ranakun Juma'a a matsayin lokutan yada akidunsa a babban masallacin Juma'a na [[Kaduna]] mai suna [[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]. == Dangi == Abubakar Gumi ba a san takamaiman yawan yayansa ba, amma mafi shahara a cikinsu shi ne Dr. [[Ahmad Gumi]] Wanda shi ne ya gaji Mahaifinsa a matsayin mai gabatar da wa'azi a masallacin na Sultan Bello dake Kaduna. Dr Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke [[Zariya]]. Kuma tsohon jami'in sojin Nijeriya ne, ya bar aikin soja inda ya tafi zuwa ƙasar Saudiyya domin karanta ilimin fikihu, a jami'ar [[Ummul Quraa]] da ke birnin [[Makkah|Makka]] inda ya samu shaidar digirin digir-gir.<ref>John Owen Hunwick. Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan, Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. ISBN 0-8101-1037-7</ref> [[File:Nigerian Public Domain 105.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Abubakar Gumi a shekarar 1970.]] == Tarihi == === Rayuwar farko da ilimi === An haifi Gumi a kauyen Gummi (yanzu karamar hukuma ce a jihar Zamfara ) a ranar Juma'ar karshe na watan Ramadan shekara ta 1344, ga iyalan Mahmud, malamin addinin Musulunci kuma Alkali (alkali) na Gummi. Iliminsa ya fara ne a bangon danginsa lokacin yana dalibin koyarwar addinin musulunci na mahaifinsa. Daga nan ya wuce makarantar da ke karkashin kulawar wani Malami mai suna Musa da ke Ambursa a lardin Sakkwato . A nan aka gabatar da shi ilimin Fiqhu da karanta littafai da waqoqin yabo ga Annabi. Makarantar boko ta farko da ya yi ita ce makarantar firamare ta Dogondaji, yayin da a makarantar firamare ya hadu da Sarkin Musulmi na 18 a nan gaba, Ibrahim Dasuki, kuma ya yi fice a harkokin addini. An nada shi Hakimin Salla (shugaban sallah) kuma an dora masa alhakin ciyar da dalibai ayyukan addini. A cikin shekara guda aka mayar da shi Makarantar Midil ta Sakkwato, inda Ahmadu Bello yake koyarwa. A nan ne ya saba da Shehu Shagari, da Waziri Muhammadu Junaidu, da Yahaya Gusau; na baya-bayan nan shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam, wata fitacciyar kungiyar Musulmi ta Najeriya . Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na secondary ya tafi [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] inda ya karanta fannin shari'a sannan ya samu horon Qadi . Ya fara aiki a matsayin magatakarda ga Qadi Attahiru amma ba da jimawa ba ya rasa nasaba da takamaiman aikinsa. Ya ba da darussa na sirri kan Musulunci da [[tafsiri]] a matsayin kubuta daga bacin ransa. Ya rasa mahaifinsa a shekara ta 1937 a lokacin da yake makarantar sakandare. Ya yi aure bayan shekara 3 da Maryama a shekarar 1941 yana dan shekara 19. <ref name="IndependentObit">{{Cite web |date=1992-09-15 |title=Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sheikh-abubakar-mahmud-gumi-1551628.html |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> === Farkon aiki === A shekarar 1947 Abubakar Gumi ya bar aikin sakatare na Qadi Attahiru ya tafi koyarwa a makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta Kano, wadda ya taba halarta a baya. A lokacin da yake Kano, ya hadu da Sheik Sa'id Hayatu, dan shugaban Mahdiyya na karni na 19, Hayatu ibn Sa'id, kuma wani mutum da ake ganin yana daya daga cikin fitattun wadanda mulkin mallaka ya rutsa da su. Shi ne shugaban kungiyar Mahdiyya, kuma ya dawo daga zaman tilas a kasar Kamaru . Abubakar ya shaku da koyarwar harkar Mahdiyya, a takaice ya zama mabiyi; Daga baya ya auri diyar Hayatu, Maryam. Duk da haka, ta rasu bayan ta haifi ɗa namiji. Dan Abubakar Gumi na farko ba Ahmad Abubakar ba ne, Dr Hamza Abubakar likita ne da ke aiki a yanzu haka a birnin Riyadh na kasar Saudiyya, sai kuma Manjo Janar Abdulkadir Abubakar (rtd) da kuma yaya mata biyu – daya ya auri marigayi Mai shari’a Muhammadu Bello, tsohon alkalin alkalai na tarayya, dayan kuma ta auri Sheik Sunusi Gumbi, sanannen malamin addinin musulunci kuma dalibin Abubakar Gumi. A 1949 Gumi ya sami aikin koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru, Sakkwato. Makarantar tana da wani shahararren malami mai suna [[Aminu Kano]], wanda shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar malamai ta Arewa kuma mai kula da wasu ‘yan [[Makarantar Islamiyya|makarantun musulmi]] . Aminu da Gumi sun yi cudanya tare da raba ra’ayoyi kan tasirin al’ummar gargajiya da addinin Musulunci, da kuma halin ko in kula ko goyon bayan da ‘yan’uwan Sufaye suke ba wa halin da ake ciki na [[Bida|Bidi’a]] . Ya bar Maru ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar koyon Larabci da ke Kano. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya zama malami na tsawon shekaru biyu a makarantar. Ya kuma halarci makarantar ilimi a Sudan. <ref name="Hunwick">John Owen Hunwick. ''Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan'', Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. {{ISBN|0-8101-1037-7}}</ref> A 1957 ya zama mai fassara ga gwamnatin Arewacin Najeriya kan al'amuran [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] . == Rikici == Abubakar Gumi yana da ra'ayi game da tsarin mulki da na addini na jami'an masarautu a Arewacin Najeriya. Rikicin akidarsa na farko da hukumomi shine a Maru. Rikici ya shafi aikin Tayamum . Babban Limamin Masallacin Maru ya kasance yana yin wanka da yashi (Tayammum) gabanin Sallah yayin da Gumi ya yi nuni da cewa Tayammu ana amfani da ita ne kawai idan ba a samu ruwa ba, kuma ana samun ruwa sosai a Maru . Gumi ya ci gaba da kalubalantar wannan al’ada, inda ya nemi dalibai da kada su fito don yin Sallah har sai Imam ya fasa yin Taimiyya. Sai dai Gumi wanda a baya ya rubuta kakkausar murya kan Sarkin Musulmi, yanzu ya samu Sarkin Musulmi yana sha’awar kokensa da babban limamin Maru. An kafa kwamitin bincike kan lamarin tare da goyon bayan Sarkin Musulmi. Sai dai da yake Gumi ya fi sanin aqidar Musulunci, haka nan kuma basirarsa ta gardama, sai hukumar ta yanke hukunci a kan Gumi. [1] Bayan samun nasara kadan a kan Sarkin Musulmi, Gumi ya yi amfani da hankalin da ya samu ta hanyar rubuta wata kasida mai mahimmanci a kan batun Musulmi, musamman Sarkin Musulmi, ya karbi mukaman Ingila . A lokacin, sannu a hankali ya fara ƙalubalantar imani da halaye na ayyuka a tsakanin al'ummar musulmi. [ abubuwan da ake bukata ] Wani harin da Gumi ya kai shi ne kungiyar [[Ahmadiyya]] karkashin jagorancin [[Jibril Martin]] . Yunkurin ya kasance manufa mai sauƙi ga Gumi, saboda wasu ra'ayoyin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar sun yi hannun riga da ainihin akidar Musulunci, kamar yadda wanda ya kafa ya sanya kansa a matsayin annabci . Daga baya Gumi ya fara fargabar wannan harkar ne sakamakon kwarewar tsarin kungiya na wanda ya assasa Najeriya, a hankali kungiyar ta shiga cikin hukumar alhazai ta yammacin Najeriya, sannan ta kafa makarantun almajirai a Kudu sannan kuma ya tashi zuwa arewa wajen yada manufofin Ahmadiyya. Gumi ya dauki wannan kalubale cikin sauki sannan aka dakile manufar kungiyar ta arewa. == Bayyanarshi a Kafafen yaɗa labarai == Sheik Gumi ya yi hajjin sa na farko zuwa Makka a shekarar 1955 kuma Ahmadu Bello ne ya hada shi da shi. Yayin da yake Makka ya yi tafsirin ayyukan addinin Musulunci tare da Bello da Sarki Sa'ud. Ya kuma sadu da dimbin al'ummar al'ummar musulmi ko kuma al'ummar musulmi a kasar Saudiyya, wadanda da yawa daga baya suka zama masu kyautata masa bayan rasuwar Ahmadu Bello a shekarar 1966. Da ya dawo Najeriya ya fara koyarwa a Makarantar Koyon Larabci da ke Kano da kuma wasu Makarantun Musulmi da kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam (JNI) ta kafa wacce ke kusa da birnin Kaduna. Babban bangare na koyarwarsa ya mayar da hankali kan bambance-bambancen al'ada da addini, da yadda za a fahimta da kuma rungumar asalin Musulunci. Ya kuma rubuta tafsirin kur'ani wanda akasari a kan sunna, ya kuma fassara kur'ani daga Larabci zuwa Hausa . Wannan tsari ya kai ga yada Littafi Mai Tsarki ga dimbin jama’ar Arewacin Najeriya, kuma ra’ayoyinsa da sakonsa kan muhimman koyarwar Musulunci sun fara samun dimbin masu sauraro. [1] Sai dai adawar da ya yi da manyan 'yan uwantakar Sufaye kamar Tijjaniyya da Qadiriyya ta jawo masa suka a kai a kai, kuma wasu daga cikin musulmi suka rika kai masa hari kan tafsirinsa; ya kan amsa da cewa su ci gaba da yin tafsirin nasu, idan ba sa son nasa. [1] A shekarun 1970 ya zama mai yawan fitowa a shirye-shiryen talabijin, musamman a lokutan bukukuwan Musulunci. "Lokacin da muka je wurin jifan shaiɗan (Jamra) sa'ilin aikin Hajji, sai mutanenmu suka riƙa yin wasu abubuwa marasa ma'ana. "Wasu suka riƙa nemo manyan duwatsu, wasu kuma suka riƙa cire takalmansu suna jifan jamrah, suna zage-zage da furta munanan kalamai, da sunan jifan shaiɗan." Wannan na daga cikin abubuwan da suka sanya Sheikh Abubakar Gumi ya yi yunƙuri a hukumance na sake faɗakar da mabiya addinin Musulunci a Najeriya yadda ake yin addini, bayan sanar da Firimiyan arewa na farko Ahmadu Bello, kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗaliban marigayin, Sheikh Yusuf Sambo Rigachikun ya tabbatar wa BBC. Wannan yunƙuri ya haifar da kafa wasu ƙungiyoyi guda biyu waɗanda suka jagoranci tafiyar da lamurran addinin Musulunci a Najeriya - Jama'atu Nasril Islam, sai kuma daga baya Jama'atu Izalatil Bidi'a wa Iqamatussunnah - lamarin da ya yi tasiri kan miliyoyin mabiya addinin a Najeriya. Shekara 33 bayan rasuwarsa, miliyoyin Musulmai a Najeriya na ci gaba da bin koyarwarsa, sannan ƙungiyoyin da ya jagoranci kafawa ne a gaba-gaba wajen yaɗawa da kuma tafiyar da al'amuran Musulunci a ƙasar. Baya ga Shehu Usman Danfodiyo, wanda ya yi jihadin sake ɗabbaƙa addinin Musulunci a ƙasar Hausa a farkon shekarun 1800, ana ganin cewa babu wani malami da koyarsa ta Musulunci ta yi tasiri a Najeriya kamar Abubakar Gumi. Wasu masana addini ma na ganin tasirin da Gumi ya yi "ta fi" ta Usman Danfodio, kasancewar a lokacinsa akwai hanyoyin sadarwa irin su talabijin da rediyo da hanyar wallafa litattafai da jaridu, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen yaɗa ayyukansa a ƙasar Hausa da maƙwafta. <ref>Bbc</ref> == Kawo sauyi == Tun kafin yunƙurin samar da ƙungiyoyin sake ilimantar da Musulman Najeriya kan ibada, Abubakar Gumi ya kasance mutum mai neman kawo sauyi, lamarin da ya sa ya yi ƙaurin suna tsakanin malamai da sarakuna har ma da turawan mulkin mallaka. A cikin littafinsa na Manufata, Gumi ya tuno yadda ya ƙalubalanci malaman addinin Musulunci waɗanda suke yin addini "yadda suka ga dama". Gumi ya ce "Sufanci ya zamo jiki a tsakanin al'umma ta yadda babu wanda ya damu ya binciki ko ya yi daidai da koyawar al-Ƙur'ani da hadisan annabi Muhammad". Irin wannan yunƙuri nasa ya fara jan hankali ne a lokacin da yake koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru a shekarar 1949. A lokacin ya fahimci yadda malaman addini da kuma sauran al'umma ke cakuɗa ibada da al'adu ko wasu abubuwa na daban. Limamin Juma'a na Maru a wancan lokaci ya kasance yana yin taimama domin yin sallah a maimakon alwala da ruwa, duk kuwa da wadatuwar ruwan da kuma rashin wata hujja ta yin taimamar. Bayan yunƙurin da ya yi na faɗakar da limamin game da 'haramcin' hakan, amma abin ya ci tura, Gumi ya hana ɗalibansa halartar sallar Juma'a a babban masallacin Maru, inda ya riƙa jan su sallah a cikin makaranta. A matsayin martani, sarkin Maru ya rubuta takardar ƙorafi kan Abubakar Gumi zuwa ga fadar sarkin Musulmi da kuma hukumomi turawan mulkin mallaka. Sai dai a ƙarshe Abubakar Gumi ne ya yi nasara ta hanyar gabatar da hujjoji masu ƙarfi da suka tabbatar da koyarwarsa. A game da turawan mulkin mallaka, Gumi ya ce "Idan na tuna ɓarnar da mulkin mallakar Birtaniya ya yi a ƙasarmu, nakan riƙa mamakin yadda mutanenmu suka kwashe tsawon shekaru ba tare da sun fahimci hakan ba. "Hatta a tsakanin masu iliminmu, ƙalilan ne suke tsayawa su fahimci yadda mulkin mallaka ya illa ga tunaninmu".<ref>bbc</ref> == Littafin da ya yamutsa hazo == Littafin da Abubakar Gumi ya rubuta a shekara ta 1972 mai taken 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha bi-Muwafaqat al-Shar'i' ya haifar da zazzafar muhawara tsakanin Musulman arewacin Najeriya sanadiyyar kakkausar sukar da littafin ya yi kan wasu ayyuka na masu bin akidar sufanci. A wannan lokaci kusan ɗaukacin Musulman Najeriya na bin tsari ne na ɗariƙa, wadda ta samo asali daga koyarwa irin ta sufanci. Da farko Abubakar Gumi ya ce ya rubuta littafin ne domin amfanin masu ilimi, kasancewar koyarwar littafin zai yi tsaurin fahimta ga mabiya, waɗanda iliminsu bai yi nisa ba. Sai dai a lokacin da ya tafi Saudiyya, sai Mallam Isma'ila Idris ya ɗauki littafin ya yi wa'azi da shi a birnin Kaduna, wani abu da ya haifar da ruɗani, abin da ya kai ga dole sai da ya ajiye aikinsa na gwamnati a matsayin malami. Bayan ajiye aiki, Mallam Idris ya shiga aikin soja, inda ya yi aiki a garuruwa da dama na Najeriya, kafin mayar da shi garin Jos, kuma duk inda ya je ya riƙa koyar da karatu ta hanyar amfani da littafin Sheikh Gumi na 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha'. Wannan ne ya haifar da ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar Izalatil Bidi'a wa iƙamatussunnah a birnin Jos. Da'awar Gumi na kira ga Musulmi su yi aiki da karantarwar al-Ƙur'ani da kuma Hadisan Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) kawai, wani abu da ake ganin ya kawo gagarumin sauyi a yadda ake tafiyar da ibada a Najeriya da wasu ƙasashen da ke maƙwaftaka a lokacin.<ref>bbc</ref> == Wane ne Abubakar Gumi? == An haifi Abubakar Mahmud Gumi ne ranar Juma'a 7 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1924, wadda ita ce Juma'a ta ƙarshe ta watan Ramadan na shekara ta 1344 bayan hijira, kamar yadda malamin ya bayyana a cikin litattafinsa. Shahararren malamin addinin Musulunci ne kuma masanin shari'a, wanda ya kai har matsayin Alkalin Alkalai (Grand kadi) na arewacin Najeriya. Ya fara samun ilimi ne a wajen mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi. Sunan mahaifinsa Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, wanda ake kiransa da Na-Gumi, saboda zaman da ya yi a garin Gumi bayan zama a wurare daban-daban na ƙasar Hausa, kamar Katsina, Borno da Dutse. Mahaifin Abubakar Gumi ya kasance babban malamin addinin Musulunci da shari'a, kuma ɗaya daga cikin malamai da aka fi girmamawa a yankin Sokoto da Zamfara da kuma Kebbi a zamaninsa. Kakan mahaifin Abubakar Gumi shi ne Sheikh Aliyu Barou el-Badawi, wanda ya fito daga ƙabilar Larabawa ta Bedouin, waɗanda aka sani da kiwo a yankin Larabawa da arewacin nahiyar Afirka. Babu cikakken bayani kan yadda ya isa yankin Sokoto, amma dai ana ganin zuwan sa ba ya rasa nasaba da ziyarar da Larabawa suka riƙa yi zuwa ƙasar Hausa bayan ƙarni na 15, lokacin da Musulunci ya samu karɓuwa a ƙasar Hausa. Sunan mahaifiyar Abubakar Gumi Hafsatu, ɗiyar Malam Adamu, wadda mahaifinsa ya aura lokacin da yake koyarwa a Jega.<ref>bbc</ref> == Karatu == Abubakar Gumi ya fara karatunsa ne a hannun mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, inda ya haddace al-Ƙur'ani sannan kuma ya yi karatun litattafai da dama. Bayan nan a shekara ta 1933 ya shiga makarantar boko ta Dogon Daji Elementary School, inda daga baya aka mayar da shi makarantar Middle da ke Sokoto a shekara ta 1936. Daga nan ne ya tafi makarantar ilimin shari'a ta Kano. Sannan a shekara ta 1952 ya zurfafa karatu a makarantar koyar da Larabci ta Kano. Daga nan ne kuma ya yi karatun babbar difloma a cibiyar ilimi ta Bakht al-Rida da ke Sudan daga shekarar 1955 zuwa 1956. A shekarar 1987, Gumi ya lashe kyautar Sarki Faisal kan hidima ga addinin Muslunci. Daga cikin abubuwan da suka sa ya cancanci lambar girmamawar su ne wa'azi da kuma koyar da addinin Musulunci, taimakawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam da fassara alƙur'ani zuwa harshen Hausa da kuma rubuta litattafai na addinin Musulunci.<ref>bbc</ref> == Ayyukan ilimi == Abubakar Gumi ya yi gagarumar hidima ta hanyar rubuce-rubuce da kuma fassarar litattafai na addini.<ref>Bbc</ref> Litattafan da ya rubuta waɗanda suka fi yin fice sun haɗa da:<ref>Bbc</ref> * Tafsirin Al-ƙur'ani na '''Rad al-Azhan ila Ma'ani al-Qur`an''' * Al-Aqidah al-Sahiha bi Muwafaqat al-Shari'a * Kitab al-Nasihaila Amir MantiqatKatsina * Manufata / Where I Stand * Hal al-Niza` fi Mas´alatNuzul Isa alaih al-Salatwa al-Salam * Musulunchi da Abinda ke Rushe Shi * Zad al-Haj * Kitab Maratib al-Islam * Kitab Manasik al-hajwa al-Umra '''Fassara:''' * Fassarar ma'anonin al-Ƙur'ani mai girma * Fassarar Hadisai Arba'in (al-Nawawi) * Fassarar littafin Nur al-Bab * Fassarar littafin Hidayat al-Tullab fiAhamMasail al-Din == Rasuwa == Sheikh Abubakar Mahmoud Gumi ya rasu ne a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1992, a birnin Landan na ƙasar Birtaniya. A lokacin da ya rasu, al'umma sun girgiza kasancerwar sa mutumin da ya samu karɓuwa a tsakanin shugabanni da masu sarauta da kuma sauran al'umma. Gumi ya kasance malami, alƙali kuma tsani tsakanin shugabanni da talakawa. Baya ga batun addini, Sheikh Gumi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ɓangaren mulki da kuma ayyukan gwamnati. Ya kasance mai kusanci sosai ga masu mulki, sannan ya riƙa ƙarfafa wa al'ummar arewacin Najeriya, musamman Musulmai gwiwa wajen shiga ayyukan gwamnati da karatun zamani. Tsarin koyarwarsa ya sha bamban, inda ake yaba masa wajen haƙuri tare da ƙoƙarin ganin al'umma sun fahimci abin da yake koyarwa.<ref>bbc</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gumi, Abubakar Mahmud}} 2afraalscch1v1k6wikv803nh25470a 829826 829825 2026-05-05T04:41:50Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829826 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Sultan Bello Mosque 05.jpg|thumb|Masallacin [[Masallacin Sarkin Musulmi Bello|Sultan Bello]] dake Kaduna inda Malam Abubakar Gummi ya yi limanci tare da gabatar da wa'azinsa.]] [[File:Abubakar Mahmoud Gummi.jpg|thumb|Malam Abubakar Gummi]] '''Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi''' (an haife shi a shekara 1962 –zuwa shekarar 1992)<ref name="HunwickO'Fahey1994">{{cite book|author1=John O. Hunwick|author2=Rex Séan O'Fahey|title=Arabic Literature of Africa: The writings of central Sudanic Africa Vol.2. Volume 13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nKXOThUEpcC&pg=PA551dq=Abubakar+Gummi+1922|year=1994|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-10494-1|page=551}}</ref> malamin Addinin Musulunci ne ɗan Najeriya kuma alƙalin alƙalai na yankin [[Arewacin Najeriya]], matsayin da ya sanya shi ya zama cibiyar tafsirin tsarin shari’a a yankin. Ya kasance na kusa da [[Ahmadu Bello]], Firimiyan Arewa a shekarun alif 1950 zuwa 1960 kuma ya zama Grand Khadi a shekara ta 1967, Kafin a soke wannan mukamin daga baya. Gummi ya fito a matsayin shugaba mai faɗa a ji a lokacin mulkin mallaka, inda yake ganin tsarin mulkin kai tsaye ya raunana ƙarfin addini na sarakuna da kuma ƙarfafa Turawan Yamma. Tun daga shekarun alif 1960 ne ake samun rigingimu tsakanin jama’a tsakaninsa da shugabannin ‘yan’uwantakar Sufaye, waɗanda daga baya ya yi muhawara a shirye-shiryen talabijin a shekarun alif 1970 zuwa shekarata alif 1980. A wannan lokacin ya ci gaba da maida hankalinsa wajen gudanar da tarukan juma'a a cikin babban masallacin Kaduna ([[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]). Ya yi amfani da zaman wajen Farfado da sukar da ya ke yi wa hukumomi bisa ga ra'ayinsa na koma baya ga tsarin tushen ko kuma bukatar rungumar aikin tsafta na Musulunci. Ya kuma yi suka da kakkausar murya kan shigar sufanci. Yana da ’ya’ya da yawa, daga ciki akwai [[Ahmad Gumi|Dr. Ahmad Abubakar Gumi]] wanda ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin malamin babban masallacin Kaduna (Sultan Bello), Dakta Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] Zariya. kuma tsohon hafsan soji ne, ya bar aikin soja, ya yi tattaki zuwa jami'ar umm al-Qura da ke [[Makkah]], ƙasar [[Saudiyya]] inda ya yi karatun digirin digirgir (PhD). Gumi mabiyin mazhabar [[malikiyya]] ne, wannan ya samo asali ne ta hanyar rubuce-rubucensa da suka haɗa da tafsirin alkur'ani (Raddul azhaan ila ma'anil kur'an). da sauran littafai kamar (hullu nizam ala nuzuul isa) da (Al-Aqidatus As-Saheehah bi muwafaqati ash- Shari'ah) da sauransu == Karatu == Ya yi karatu da rubuce-rubuce a kan addinin [[musulunci]] sosai, ya fassara [[Qur'an|Qur'ani]] zuwa [[Hausa|harshen Hausa]], kuma shi ne mutum na farko daya rubuta tarjama wato fassarar ɗai-ɗaikun ayoyin dake Alkur'ani.<ref>John N. Paden, Muslim Civic Cultures and Conflict Resolution: the challenge of democratic federalism in Nigeria, Brookings Institution Press, 2005. p 60. ISBN 0-8157-6817-6</ref> Hakan ne ya sa ya samu nasarar samun kyautar Sarki Faisal(King Faisal Award), daga ƙasar saudiya. Malamin dai ya kasance babban aboki kuma mai ba wa Firimiya [[Ahmadu Bello]] sardaunan Sakkwato shawara. Shi ne mahaifin Dakta Shaykh [[Ahmad Gumi]]. == Shahara == Gumi ya shahara tun lokacin mulkin mallakar Turawa a matsayin mai faɗa a ji, yana sukar salon Mulkin [[Turawa]], cewa ya karya lagon sarakunan Musulmi kuma hakan yana Ƙara karfafa al'adun Turai a ƙasashen musulunci. A farkon shekara ta 1960 an samu barkewar rikici tsakanin sa da malaman sufaye wanda daga baya rikicin ya koma muhawara a gidajen rediyo da talabijin a shekarun 1970 zuwa shekara ta 1980.<ref>The Independent: "Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi" by Karl Maier 16 September 1992</ref> Ya riƙa amfani da ranakun Juma'a a matsayin lokutan yada akidunsa a babban masallacin Juma'a na [[Kaduna]] mai suna [[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]. == Dangi == Abubakar Gumi ba a san takamaiman yawan yayansa ba, amma mafi shahara a cikinsu shi ne Dr. [[Ahmad Gumi]] Wanda shi ne ya gaji Mahaifinsa a matsayin mai gabatar da wa'azi a masallacin na Sultan Bello dake Kaduna. Dr Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke [[Zariya]]. Kuma tsohon jami'in sojin Nijeriya ne, ya bar aikin soja inda ya tafi zuwa ƙasar Saudiyya domin karanta ilimin fikihu, a jami'ar [[Ummul Quraa]] da ke birnin [[Makkah|Makka]] inda ya samu shaidar digirin digir-gir.<ref>John Owen Hunwick. Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan, Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. ISBN 0-8101-1037-7</ref> [[File:Nigerian Public Domain 105.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Abubakar Gumi a shekarar 1970.]] == Tarihi == === Rayuwar farko da ilimi === An haifi Gumi a kauyen Gummi (yanzu karamar hukuma ce a jihar Zamfara ) a ranar Juma'ar karshe na watan Ramadan shekara ta 1344, ga iyalan Mahmud, malamin addinin Musulunci kuma Alkali (alkali) na Gummi. Iliminsa ya fara ne a bangon danginsa lokacin yana dalibin koyarwar addinin musulunci na mahaifinsa. Daga nan ya wuce makarantar da ke karkashin kulawar wani Malami mai suna Musa da ke Ambursa a lardin Sakkwato . A nan aka gabatar da shi ilimin Fiqhu da karanta littafai da waqoqin yabo ga Annabi. Makarantar boko ta farko da ya yi ita ce makarantar firamare ta Dogondaji, yayin da a makarantar firamare ya hadu da Sarkin Musulmi na 18 a nan gaba, Ibrahim Dasuki, kuma ya yi fice a harkokin addini. An nada shi Hakimin Salla (shugaban sallah) kuma an dora masa alhakin ciyar da dalibai ayyukan addini. A cikin shekara guda aka mayar da shi Makarantar Midil ta Sakkwato, inda Ahmadu Bello yake koyarwa. A nan ne ya saba da Shehu Shagari, da Waziri Muhammadu Junaidu, da Yahaya Gusau; na baya-bayan nan shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam, wata fitacciyar kungiyar Musulmi ta Najeriya . Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na secondary ya tafi [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] inda ya karanta fannin shari'a sannan ya samu horon Qadi . Ya fara aiki a matsayin magatakarda ga Qadi Attahiru amma ba da jimawa ba ya rasa nasaba da takamaiman aikinsa. Ya ba da darussa na sirri kan Musulunci da [[tafsiri]] a matsayin kubuta daga bacin ransa. Ya rasa mahaifinsa a shekara ta 1937 a lokacin da yake makarantar sakandare. Ya yi aure bayan shekara 3 da Maryama a shekarar 1941 yana dan shekara 19. <ref name="IndependentObit">{{Cite web |date=1992-09-15 |title=Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sheikh-abubakar-mahmud-gumi-1551628.html |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> === Farkon aiki === A shekarar 1947 Abubakar Gumi ya bar aikin sakatare na Qadi Attahiru ya tafi koyarwa a makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta Kano, wadda ya taba halarta a baya. A lokacin da yake Kano, ya hadu da Sheik Sa'id Hayatu, dan shugaban Mahdiyya na karni na 19, Hayatu ibn Sa'id, kuma wani mutum da ake ganin yana daya daga cikin fitattun wadanda mulkin mallaka ya rutsa da su. Shi ne shugaban kungiyar Mahdiyya, kuma ya dawo daga zaman tilas a kasar Kamaru . Abubakar ya shaku da koyarwar harkar Mahdiyya, a takaice ya zama mabiyi; Daga baya ya auri diyar Hayatu, Maryam. Duk da haka, ta rasu bayan ta haifi ɗa namiji. Dan Abubakar Gumi na farko ba Ahmad Abubakar ba ne, Dr Hamza Abubakar likita ne da ke aiki a yanzu haka a birnin Riyadh na kasar Saudiyya, sai kuma Manjo Janar Abdulkadir Abubakar (rtd) da kuma yaya mata biyu – daya ya auri marigayi Mai shari’a Muhammadu Bello, tsohon alkalin alkalai na tarayya, dayan kuma ta auri Sheik Sunusi Gumbi, sanannen malamin addinin musulunci kuma dalibin Abubakar Gumi. A 1949 Gumi ya sami aikin koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru, Sakkwato. Makarantar tana da wani shahararren malami mai suna [[Aminu Kano]], wanda shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar malamai ta Arewa kuma mai kula da wasu ‘yan [[Makarantar Islamiyya|makarantun musulmi]] . Aminu da Gumi sun yi cudanya tare da raba ra’ayoyi kan tasirin al’ummar gargajiya da addinin Musulunci, da kuma halin ko in kula ko goyon bayan da ‘yan’uwan Sufaye suke ba wa halin da ake ciki na [[Bida|Bidi’a]] . Ya bar Maru ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar koyon Larabci da ke Kano. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya zama malami na tsawon shekaru biyu a makarantar. Ya kuma halarci makarantar ilimi a Sudan. <ref name="Hunwick">John Owen Hunwick. ''Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan'', Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. {{ISBN|0-8101-1037-7}}</ref> A 1957 ya zama mai fassara ga gwamnatin Arewacin Najeriya kan al'amuran [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] . == Rikici == Abubakar Gumi yana da ra'ayi game da tsarin mulki da na addini na jami'an masarautu a Arewacin Najeriya. Rikicin akidarsa na farko da hukumomi shine a Maru. Rikici ya shafi aikin Tayamum . Babban Limamin Masallacin Maru ya kasance yana yin wanka da yashi (Tayammum) gabanin Sallah yayin da Gumi ya yi nuni da cewa Tayammu ana amfani da ita ne kawai idan ba a samu ruwa ba, kuma ana samun ruwa sosai a Maru . Gumi ya ci gaba da kalubalantar wannan al’ada, inda ya nemi dalibai da kada su fito don yin Sallah har sai Imam ya fasa yin Taimiyya. Sai dai Gumi wanda a baya ya rubuta kakkausar murya kan Sarkin Musulmi, yanzu ya samu Sarkin Musulmi yana sha’awar kokensa da babban limamin Maru. An kafa kwamitin bincike kan lamarin tare da goyon bayan Sarkin Musulmi. Sai dai da yake Gumi ya fi sanin aqidar Musulunci, haka nan kuma basirarsa ta gardama, sai hukumar ta yanke hukunci a kan Gumi. [1] Bayan samun nasara kadan a kan Sarkin Musulmi, Gumi ya yi amfani da hankalin da ya samu ta hanyar rubuta wata kasida mai mahimmanci a kan batun Musulmi, musamman Sarkin Musulmi, ya karbi mukaman Ingila . A lokacin, sannu a hankali ya fara ƙalubalantar imani da halaye na ayyuka a tsakanin al'ummar musulmi. [ abubuwan da ake bukata ] Wani harin da Gumi ya kai shi ne kungiyar [[Ahmadiyya]] karkashin jagorancin [[Jibril Martin]] . Yunkurin ya kasance manufa mai sauƙi ga Gumi, saboda wasu ra'ayoyin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar sun yi hannun riga da ainihin akidar Musulunci, kamar yadda wanda ya kafa ya sanya kansa a matsayin annabci . Daga baya Gumi ya fara fargabar wannan harkar ne sakamakon kwarewar tsarin kungiya na wanda ya assasa Najeriya, a hankali kungiyar ta shiga cikin hukumar alhazai ta yammacin Najeriya, sannan ta kafa makarantun almajirai a Kudu sannan kuma ya tashi zuwa arewa wajen yada manufofin Ahmadiyya. Gumi ya dauki wannan kalubale cikin sauki sannan aka dakile manufar kungiyar ta arewa. == Bayyanarshi a Kafafen yaɗa labarai == Sheik Gumi ya yi hajjin sa na farko zuwa Makka a shekarar 1955 kuma Ahmadu Bello ne ya hada shi da shi. Yayin da yake Makka ya yi tafsirin ayyukan addinin Musulunci tare da Bello da Sarki Sa'ud. Ya kuma sadu da dimbin al'ummar al'ummar musulmi ko kuma al'ummar musulmi a kasar Saudiyya, wadanda da yawa daga baya suka zama masu kyautata masa bayan rasuwar Ahmadu Bello a shekarar 1966. Da ya dawo Najeriya ya fara koyarwa a Makarantar Koyon Larabci da ke Kano da kuma wasu Makarantun Musulmi da kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam (JNI) ta kafa wacce ke kusa da birnin Kaduna. Babban bangare na koyarwarsa ya mayar da hankali kan bambance-bambancen al'ada da addini, da yadda za a fahimta da kuma rungumar asalin Musulunci. Ya kuma rubuta tafsirin kur'ani wanda akasari a kan sunna, ya kuma fassara kur'ani daga Larabci zuwa Hausa . Wannan tsari ya kai ga yada Littafi Mai Tsarki ga dimbin jama’ar Arewacin Najeriya, kuma ra’ayoyinsa da sakonsa kan muhimman koyarwar Musulunci sun fara samun dimbin masu sauraro. [1] Sai dai adawar da ya yi da manyan 'yan uwantakar Sufaye kamar Tijjaniyya da Qadiriyya ta jawo masa suka a kai a kai, kuma wasu daga cikin musulmi suka rika kai masa hari kan tafsirinsa; ya kan amsa da cewa su ci gaba da yin tafsirin nasu, idan ba sa son nasa. [1] A shekarun 1970 ya zama mai yawan fitowa a shirye-shiryen talabijin, musamman a lokutan bukukuwan Musulunci. "Lokacin da muka je wurin jifan shaiɗan (Jamra) sa'ilin aikin Hajji, sai mutanenmu suka riƙa yin wasu abubuwa marasa ma'ana. "Wasu suka riƙa nemo manyan duwatsu, wasu kuma suka riƙa cire takalmansu suna jifan jamrah, suna zage-zage da furta munanan kalamai, da sunan jifan shaiɗan." Wannan na daga cikin abubuwan da suka sanya Sheikh Abubakar Gumi ya yi yunƙuri a hukumance na sake faɗakar da mabiya addinin Musulunci a Najeriya yadda ake yin addini, bayan sanar da Firimiyan arewa na farko Ahmadu Bello, kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗaliban marigayin, Sheikh Yusuf Sambo Rigachikun ya tabbatar wa BBC. Wannan yunƙuri ya haifar da kafa wasu ƙungiyoyi guda biyu waɗanda suka jagoranci tafiyar da lamurran addinin Musulunci a Najeriya - Jama'atu Nasril Islam, sai kuma daga baya Jama'atu Izalatil Bidi'a wa Iqamatussunnah - lamarin da ya yi tasiri kan miliyoyin mabiya addinin a Najeriya. Shekara 33 bayan rasuwarsa, miliyoyin Musulmai a Najeriya na ci gaba da bin koyarwarsa, sannan ƙungiyoyin da ya jagoranci kafawa ne a gaba-gaba wajen yaɗawa da kuma tafiyar da al'amuran Musulunci a ƙasar. Baya ga Shehu Usman Danfodiyo, wanda ya yi jihadin sake ɗabbaƙa addinin Musulunci a ƙasar Hausa a farkon shekarun 1800, ana ganin cewa babu wani malami da koyarsa ta Musulunci ta yi tasiri a Najeriya kamar Abubakar Gumi. Wasu masana addini ma na ganin tasirin da Gumi ya yi "ta fi" ta Usman Danfodio, kasancewar a lokacinsa akwai hanyoyin sadarwa irin su talabijin da rediyo da hanyar wallafa litattafai da jaridu, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen yaɗa ayyukansa a ƙasar Hausa da maƙwafta. <ref>Bbc</ref> == Kawo sauyi == Tun kafin yunƙurin samar da ƙungiyoyin sake ilimantar da Musulman Najeriya kan ibada, Abubakar Gumi ya kasance mutum mai neman kawo sauyi, lamarin da ya sa ya yi ƙaurin suna tsakanin malamai da sarakuna har ma da turawan mulkin mallaka. A cikin littafinsa na Manufata, Gumi ya tuno yadda ya ƙalubalanci malaman addinin Musulunci waɗanda suke yin addini "yadda suka ga dama". Gumi ya ce "Sufanci ya zamo jiki a tsakanin al'umma ta yadda babu wanda ya damu ya binciki ko ya yi daidai da koyawar al-Ƙur'ani da hadisan annabi Muhammad". Irin wannan yunƙuri nasa ya fara jan hankali ne a lokacin da yake koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru a shekarar 1949. A lokacin ya fahimci yadda malaman addini da kuma sauran al'umma ke cakuɗa ibada da al'adu ko wasu abubuwa na daban. Limamin Juma'a na Maru a wancan lokaci ya kasance yana yin taimama domin yin sallah a maimakon alwala da ruwa, duk kuwa da wadatuwar ruwan da kuma rashin wata hujja ta yin taimamar. Bayan yunƙurin da ya yi na faɗakar da limamin game da 'haramcin' hakan, amma abin ya ci tura, Gumi ya hana ɗalibansa halartar sallar Juma'a a babban masallacin Maru, inda ya riƙa jan su sallah a cikin makaranta. A matsayin martani, sarkin Maru ya rubuta takardar ƙorafi kan Abubakar Gumi zuwa ga fadar sarkin Musulmi da kuma hukumomi turawan mulkin mallaka. Sai dai a ƙarshe Abubakar Gumi ne ya yi nasara ta hanyar gabatar da hujjoji masu ƙarfi da suka tabbatar da koyarwarsa. A game da turawan mulkin mallaka, Gumi ya ce "Idan na tuna ɓarnar da mulkin mallakar Birtaniya ya yi a ƙasarmu, nakan riƙa mamakin yadda mutanenmu suka kwashe tsawon shekaru ba tare da sun fahimci hakan ba. "Hatta a tsakanin masu iliminmu, ƙalilan ne suke tsayawa su fahimci yadda mulkin mallaka ya illa ga tunaninmu".<ref>bbc</ref> == Littafin da ya yamutsa hazo == Littafin da Abubakar Gumi ya rubuta a shekara ta 1972 mai taken 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha bi-Muwafaqat al-Shar'i' ya haifar da zazzafar muhawara tsakanin Musulman arewacin Najeriya sanadiyyar kakkausar sukar da littafin ya yi kan wasu ayyuka na masu bin akidar sufanci. A wannan lokaci kusan ɗaukacin Musulman Najeriya na bin tsari ne na ɗariƙa, wadda ta samo asali daga koyarwa irin ta sufanci. Da farko Abubakar Gumi ya ce ya rubuta littafin ne domin amfanin masu ilimi, kasancewar koyarwar littafin zai yi tsaurin fahimta ga mabiya, waɗanda iliminsu bai yi nisa ba. Sai dai a lokacin da ya tafi Saudiyya, sai Mallam Isma'ila Idris ya ɗauki littafin ya yi wa'azi da shi a birnin Kaduna, wani abu da ya haifar da ruɗani, abin da ya kai ga dole sai da ya ajiye aikinsa na gwamnati a matsayin malami. Bayan ajiye aiki, Mallam Idris ya shiga aikin soja, inda ya yi aiki a garuruwa da dama na Najeriya, kafin mayar da shi garin Jos, kuma duk inda ya je ya riƙa koyar da karatu ta hanyar amfani da littafin Sheikh Gumi na 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha'. Wannan ne ya haifar da ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar Izalatil Bidi'a wa iƙamatussunnah a birnin Jos. Da'awar Gumi na kira ga Musulmi su yi aiki da karantarwar al-Ƙur'ani da kuma Hadisan Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) kawai, wani abu da ake ganin ya kawo gagarumin sauyi a yadda ake tafiyar da ibada a Najeriya da wasu ƙasashen da ke maƙwaftaka a lokacin.<ref>bbc</ref> == Wane ne Abubakar Gumi? == An haifi Abubakar Mahmud Gumi ne ranar Juma'a 7 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1924, wadda ita ce Juma'a ta ƙarshe ta watan Ramadan na shekara ta 1344 bayan hijira, kamar yadda malamin ya bayyana a cikin litattafinsa. Shahararren malamin addinin Musulunci ne kuma masanin shari'a, wanda ya kai har matsayin Alkalin Alkalai (Grand kadi) na arewacin Najeriya. Ya fara samun ilimi ne a wajen mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi. Sunan mahaifinsa Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, wanda ake kiransa da Na-Gumi, saboda zaman da ya yi a garin Gumi bayan zama a wurare daban-daban na ƙasar Hausa, kamar Katsina, Borno da Dutse. Mahaifin Abubakar Gumi ya kasance babban malamin addinin Musulunci da shari'a, kuma ɗaya daga cikin malamai da aka fi girmamawa a yankin Sokoto da Zamfara da kuma Kebbi a zamaninsa. Kakan mahaifin Abubakar Gumi shi ne Sheikh Aliyu Barou el-Badawi, wanda ya fito daga ƙabilar Larabawa ta Bedouin, waɗanda aka sani da kiwo a yankin Larabawa da arewacin nahiyar Afirka. Babu cikakken bayani kan yadda ya isa yankin Sokoto, amma dai ana ganin zuwan sa ba ya rasa nasaba da ziyarar da Larabawa suka riƙa yi zuwa ƙasar Hausa bayan ƙarni na 15, lokacin da Musulunci ya samu karɓuwa a ƙasar Hausa. Sunan mahaifiyar Abubakar Gumi Hafsatu, ɗiyar Malam Adamu, wadda mahaifinsa ya aura lokacin da yake koyarwa a Jega.<ref>bbc</ref> == Karatu == Abubakar Gumi ya fara karatunsa ne a hannun mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, inda ya haddace al-Ƙur'ani sannan kuma ya yi karatun litattafai da dama. Bayan nan a shekara ta 1933 ya shiga makarantar boko ta Dogon Daji Elementary School, inda daga baya aka mayar da shi makarantar Middle da ke Sokoto a shekara ta 1936. Daga nan ne ya tafi makarantar ilimin shari'a ta Kano. Sannan a shekara ta 1952 ya zurfafa karatu a makarantar koyar da Larabci ta Kano. Daga nan ne kuma ya yi karatun babbar difloma a cibiyar ilimi ta Bakht al-Rida da ke Sudan daga shekarar 1955 zuwa 1956. A shekarar 1987, Gumi ya lashe kyautar Sarki Faisal kan hidima ga addinin Muslunci. Daga cikin abubuwan da suka sa ya cancanci lambar girmamawar su ne wa'azi da kuma koyar da addinin Musulunci, taimakawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam da fassara alƙur'ani zuwa harshen Hausa da kuma rubuta litattafai na addinin Musulunci.<ref>bbc</ref> == Ayyukan ilimi == Abubakar Gumi ya yi gagarumar hidima ta hanyar rubuce-rubuce da kuma fassarar litattafai na addini.<ref>Bbc</ref> Litattafan da ya rubuta waɗanda suka fi yin fice sun haɗa da:<ref>Bbc</ref> * Tafsirin Al-ƙur'ani na '''Rad al-Azhan ila Ma'ani al-Qur`an''' * Al-Aqidah al-Sahiha bi Muwafaqat al-Shari'a * Kitab al-Nasihaila Amir MantiqatKatsina * Manufata / Where I Stand * Hal al-Niza` fi Mas´alatNuzul Isa alaih al-Salatwa al-Salam * Musulunchi da Abinda ke Rushe Shi * Zad al-Haj * Kitab Maratib al-Islam * Kitab Manasik al-hajwa al-Umra '''Fassara:''' * Fassarar ma'anonin al-Ƙur'ani mai girma * Fassarar Hadisai Arba'in (al-Nawawi) * Fassarar littafin Nur al-Bab * Fassarar littafin Hidayat al-Tullab fiAhamMasail al-Din == Rasuwa == Sheikh Abubakar Mahmoud Gumi ya rasu ne a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1992, a birnin Landan na ƙasar Birtaniya. A lokacin da ya rasu, al'umma sun girgiza kasancerwar sa mutumin da ya samu karɓuwa a tsakanin shugabanni da masu sarauta da kuma sauran al'umma. Gumi ya kasance malami, alƙali kuma tsani tsakanin shugabanni da talakawa. Baya ga batun addini, Sheikh Gumi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ɓangaren mulki da kuma ayyukan gwamnati. Ya kasance mai kusanci sosai ga masu mulki, sannan ya riƙa ƙarfafa wa al'ummar arewacin Najeriya, musamman Musulmai gwiwa wajen shiga ayyukan gwamnati da karatun zamani. Tsarin koyarwarsa ya sha bamban, inda ake yaba masa wajen haƙuri tare da ƙoƙarin ganin al'umma sun fahimci abin da yake koyarwa.<ref>bbc</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gumi, Abubakar Mahmud}} oflhdrlfi0a0ci1yhd82kfdme50ys8p 829827 829826 2026-05-05T04:42:42Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829827 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Sultan Bello Mosque 05.jpg|thumb|Masallacin [[Masallacin Sarkin Musulmi Bello|Sultan Bello]] dake Kaduna inda Malam Abubakar Gummi ya yi limanci tare da gabatar da wa'azinsa.]] [[File:Abubakar Mahmoud Gummi.jpg|thumb|Malam Abubakar Gummi]] '''Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi''' (an haife shi a shekara 1962 –zuwa shekarar 1992)<ref name="HunwickO'Fahey1994">{{cite book|author1=John O. Hunwick|author2=Rex Séan O'Fahey|title=Arabic Literature of Africa: The writings of central Sudanic Africa Vol.2. Volume 13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nKXOThUEpcC&pg=PA551dq=Abubakar+Gummi+1922|year=1994|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-10494-1|page=551}}</ref> malamin Addinin Musulunci ne ɗan Najeriya kuma alƙalin alƙalai na yankin [[Arewacin Najeriya]], matsayin da ya sanya shi ya zama cibiyar tafsirin tsarin shari’a a yankin. Ya kasance na kusa da [[Ahmadu Bello]], Firimiyan Arewa a shekarun alif 1950 zuwa 1960 kuma ya zama Grand Khadi a shekara ta 1967, Kafin a soke wannan mukamin daga baya. Gummi ya fito a matsayin shugaba mai faɗa a ji a lokacin mulkin mallaka, inda yake ganin tsarin mulkin kai tsaye ya raunana ƙarfin addini na sarakuna da kuma ƙarfafa Turawan Yamma. Tun daga shekarun alif 1960 ne ake samun rigingimu tsakanin jama’a tsakaninsa da shugabannin ‘yan’uwantakar Sufaye, waɗanda daga baya ya yi muhawara a shirye-shiryen talabijin a shekarun alif 1970 zuwa shekara ta alif 1980. A wannan lokacin ya ci gaba da maida hankalinsa wajen gudanar da tarukan juma'a a cikin babban masallacin Kaduna ([[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]). Ya yi amfani da zaman wajen Farfado da sukar da ya ke yi wa hukumomi bisa ga ra'ayinsa na koma baya ga tsarin tushen ko kuma bukatar rungumar aikin tsafta na Musulunci. Ya kuma yi suka da kakkausar murya kan shigar sufanci. Yana da ’ya’ya da yawa, daga ciki akwai [[Ahmad Gumi|Dr. Ahmad Abubakar Gumi]] wanda ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin malamin babban masallacin Kaduna (Sultan Bello), Dakta Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] Zariya. kuma tsohon hafsan soji ne, ya bar aikin soja, ya yi tattaki zuwa jami'ar umm al-Qura da ke [[Makkah]], ƙasar [[Saudiyya]] inda ya yi karatun digirin digirgir (PhD). Gumi mabiyin mazhabar [[malikiyya]] ne, wannan ya samo asali ne ta hanyar rubuce-rubucensa da suka haɗa da tafsirin alkur'ani (Raddul azhaan ila ma'anil kur'an). da sauran littafai kamar (hullu nizam ala nuzuul isa) da (Al-Aqidatus As-Saheehah bi muwafaqati ash- Shari'ah) da sauransu == Karatu == Ya yi karatu da rubuce-rubuce a kan addinin [[musulunci]] sosai, ya fassara [[Qur'an|Qur'ani]] zuwa [[Hausa|harshen Hausa]], kuma shi ne mutum na farko daya rubuta tarjama wato fassarar ɗai-ɗaikun ayoyin dake Alkur'ani.<ref>John N. Paden, Muslim Civic Cultures and Conflict Resolution: the challenge of democratic federalism in Nigeria, Brookings Institution Press, 2005. p 60. ISBN 0-8157-6817-6</ref> Hakan ne ya sa ya samu nasarar samun kyautar Sarki Faisal(King Faisal Award), daga ƙasar saudiya. Malamin dai ya kasance babban aboki kuma mai ba wa Firimiya [[Ahmadu Bello]] sardaunan Sakkwato shawara. Shi ne mahaifin Dakta Shaykh [[Ahmad Gumi]]. == Shahara == Gumi ya shahara tun lokacin mulkin mallakar Turawa a matsayin mai faɗa a ji, yana sukar salon Mulkin [[Turawa]], cewa ya karya lagon sarakunan Musulmi kuma hakan yana Ƙara karfafa al'adun Turai a ƙasashen musulunci. A farkon shekara ta 1960 an samu barkewar rikici tsakanin sa da malaman sufaye wanda daga baya rikicin ya koma muhawara a gidajen rediyo da talabijin a shekarun 1970 zuwa shekara ta 1980.<ref>The Independent: "Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi" by Karl Maier 16 September 1992</ref> Ya riƙa amfani da ranakun Juma'a a matsayin lokutan yada akidunsa a babban masallacin Juma'a na [[Kaduna]] mai suna [[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]. == Dangi == Abubakar Gumi ba a san takamaiman yawan yayansa ba, amma mafi shahara a cikinsu shi ne Dr. [[Ahmad Gumi]] Wanda shi ne ya gaji Mahaifinsa a matsayin mai gabatar da wa'azi a masallacin na Sultan Bello dake Kaduna. Dr Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke [[Zariya]]. Kuma tsohon jami'in sojin Nijeriya ne, ya bar aikin soja inda ya tafi zuwa ƙasar Saudiyya domin karanta ilimin fikihu, a jami'ar [[Ummul Quraa]] da ke birnin [[Makkah|Makka]] inda ya samu shaidar digirin digir-gir.<ref>John Owen Hunwick. Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan, Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. ISBN 0-8101-1037-7</ref> [[File:Nigerian Public Domain 105.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Abubakar Gumi a shekarar 1970.]] == Tarihi == === Rayuwar farko da ilimi === An haifi Gumi a kauyen Gummi (yanzu karamar hukuma ce a jihar Zamfara ) a ranar Juma'ar karshe na watan Ramadan shekara ta 1344, ga iyalan Mahmud, malamin addinin Musulunci kuma Alkali (alkali) na Gummi. Iliminsa ya fara ne a bangon danginsa lokacin yana dalibin koyarwar addinin musulunci na mahaifinsa. Daga nan ya wuce makarantar da ke karkashin kulawar wani Malami mai suna Musa da ke Ambursa a lardin Sakkwato . A nan aka gabatar da shi ilimin Fiqhu da karanta littafai da waqoqin yabo ga Annabi. Makarantar boko ta farko da ya yi ita ce makarantar firamare ta Dogondaji, yayin da a makarantar firamare ya hadu da Sarkin Musulmi na 18 a nan gaba, Ibrahim Dasuki, kuma ya yi fice a harkokin addini. An nada shi Hakimin Salla (shugaban sallah) kuma an dora masa alhakin ciyar da dalibai ayyukan addini. A cikin shekara guda aka mayar da shi Makarantar Midil ta Sakkwato, inda Ahmadu Bello yake koyarwa. A nan ne ya saba da Shehu Shagari, da Waziri Muhammadu Junaidu, da Yahaya Gusau; na baya-bayan nan shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam, wata fitacciyar kungiyar Musulmi ta Najeriya . Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na secondary ya tafi [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] inda ya karanta fannin shari'a sannan ya samu horon Qadi . Ya fara aiki a matsayin magatakarda ga Qadi Attahiru amma ba da jimawa ba ya rasa nasaba da takamaiman aikinsa. Ya ba da darussa na sirri kan Musulunci da [[tafsiri]] a matsayin kubuta daga bacin ransa. Ya rasa mahaifinsa a shekara ta 1937 a lokacin da yake makarantar sakandare. Ya yi aure bayan shekara 3 da Maryama a shekarar 1941 yana dan shekara 19. <ref name="IndependentObit">{{Cite web |date=1992-09-15 |title=Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sheikh-abubakar-mahmud-gumi-1551628.html |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> === Farkon aiki === A shekarar 1947 Abubakar Gumi ya bar aikin sakatare na Qadi Attahiru ya tafi koyarwa a makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta Kano, wadda ya taba halarta a baya. A lokacin da yake Kano, ya hadu da Sheik Sa'id Hayatu, dan shugaban Mahdiyya na karni na 19, Hayatu ibn Sa'id, kuma wani mutum da ake ganin yana daya daga cikin fitattun wadanda mulkin mallaka ya rutsa da su. Shi ne shugaban kungiyar Mahdiyya, kuma ya dawo daga zaman tilas a kasar Kamaru . Abubakar ya shaku da koyarwar harkar Mahdiyya, a takaice ya zama mabiyi; Daga baya ya auri diyar Hayatu, Maryam. Duk da haka, ta rasu bayan ta haifi ɗa namiji. Dan Abubakar Gumi na farko ba Ahmad Abubakar ba ne, Dr Hamza Abubakar likita ne da ke aiki a yanzu haka a birnin Riyadh na kasar Saudiyya, sai kuma Manjo Janar Abdulkadir Abubakar (rtd) da kuma yaya mata biyu – daya ya auri marigayi Mai shari’a Muhammadu Bello, tsohon alkalin alkalai na tarayya, dayan kuma ta auri Sheik Sunusi Gumbi, sanannen malamin addinin musulunci kuma dalibin Abubakar Gumi. A 1949 Gumi ya sami aikin koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru, Sakkwato. Makarantar tana da wani shahararren malami mai suna [[Aminu Kano]], wanda shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar malamai ta Arewa kuma mai kula da wasu ‘yan [[Makarantar Islamiyya|makarantun musulmi]] . Aminu da Gumi sun yi cudanya tare da raba ra’ayoyi kan tasirin al’ummar gargajiya da addinin Musulunci, da kuma halin ko in kula ko goyon bayan da ‘yan’uwan Sufaye suke ba wa halin da ake ciki na [[Bida|Bidi’a]] . Ya bar Maru ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar koyon Larabci da ke Kano. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya zama malami na tsawon shekaru biyu a makarantar. Ya kuma halarci makarantar ilimi a Sudan. <ref name="Hunwick">John Owen Hunwick. ''Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan'', Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. {{ISBN|0-8101-1037-7}}</ref> A 1957 ya zama mai fassara ga gwamnatin Arewacin Najeriya kan al'amuran [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] . == Rikici == Abubakar Gumi yana da ra'ayi game da tsarin mulki da na addini na jami'an masarautu a Arewacin Najeriya. Rikicin akidarsa na farko da hukumomi shine a Maru. Rikici ya shafi aikin Tayamum . Babban Limamin Masallacin Maru ya kasance yana yin wanka da yashi (Tayammum) gabanin Sallah yayin da Gumi ya yi nuni da cewa Tayammu ana amfani da ita ne kawai idan ba a samu ruwa ba, kuma ana samun ruwa sosai a Maru . Gumi ya ci gaba da kalubalantar wannan al’ada, inda ya nemi dalibai da kada su fito don yin Sallah har sai Imam ya fasa yin Taimiyya. Sai dai Gumi wanda a baya ya rubuta kakkausar murya kan Sarkin Musulmi, yanzu ya samu Sarkin Musulmi yana sha’awar kokensa da babban limamin Maru. An kafa kwamitin bincike kan lamarin tare da goyon bayan Sarkin Musulmi. Sai dai da yake Gumi ya fi sanin aqidar Musulunci, haka nan kuma basirarsa ta gardama, sai hukumar ta yanke hukunci a kan Gumi. [1] Bayan samun nasara kadan a kan Sarkin Musulmi, Gumi ya yi amfani da hankalin da ya samu ta hanyar rubuta wata kasida mai mahimmanci a kan batun Musulmi, musamman Sarkin Musulmi, ya karbi mukaman Ingila . A lokacin, sannu a hankali ya fara ƙalubalantar imani da halaye na ayyuka a tsakanin al'ummar musulmi. [ abubuwan da ake bukata ] Wani harin da Gumi ya kai shi ne kungiyar [[Ahmadiyya]] karkashin jagorancin [[Jibril Martin]] . Yunkurin ya kasance manufa mai sauƙi ga Gumi, saboda wasu ra'ayoyin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar sun yi hannun riga da ainihin akidar Musulunci, kamar yadda wanda ya kafa ya sanya kansa a matsayin annabci . Daga baya Gumi ya fara fargabar wannan harkar ne sakamakon kwarewar tsarin kungiya na wanda ya assasa Najeriya, a hankali kungiyar ta shiga cikin hukumar alhazai ta yammacin Najeriya, sannan ta kafa makarantun almajirai a Kudu sannan kuma ya tashi zuwa arewa wajen yada manufofin Ahmadiyya. Gumi ya dauki wannan kalubale cikin sauki sannan aka dakile manufar kungiyar ta arewa. == Bayyanarshi a Kafafen yaɗa labarai == Sheik Gumi ya yi hajjin sa na farko zuwa Makka a shekarar 1955 kuma Ahmadu Bello ne ya hada shi da shi. Yayin da yake Makka ya yi tafsirin ayyukan addinin Musulunci tare da Bello da Sarki Sa'ud. Ya kuma sadu da dimbin al'ummar al'ummar musulmi ko kuma al'ummar musulmi a kasar Saudiyya, wadanda da yawa daga baya suka zama masu kyautata masa bayan rasuwar Ahmadu Bello a shekarar 1966. Da ya dawo Najeriya ya fara koyarwa a Makarantar Koyon Larabci da ke Kano da kuma wasu Makarantun Musulmi da kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam (JNI) ta kafa wacce ke kusa da birnin Kaduna. Babban bangare na koyarwarsa ya mayar da hankali kan bambance-bambancen al'ada da addini, da yadda za a fahimta da kuma rungumar asalin Musulunci. Ya kuma rubuta tafsirin kur'ani wanda akasari a kan sunna, ya kuma fassara kur'ani daga Larabci zuwa Hausa . Wannan tsari ya kai ga yada Littafi Mai Tsarki ga dimbin jama’ar Arewacin Najeriya, kuma ra’ayoyinsa da sakonsa kan muhimman koyarwar Musulunci sun fara samun dimbin masu sauraro. [1] Sai dai adawar da ya yi da manyan 'yan uwantakar Sufaye kamar Tijjaniyya da Qadiriyya ta jawo masa suka a kai a kai, kuma wasu daga cikin musulmi suka rika kai masa hari kan tafsirinsa; ya kan amsa da cewa su ci gaba da yin tafsirin nasu, idan ba sa son nasa. [1] A shekarun 1970 ya zama mai yawan fitowa a shirye-shiryen talabijin, musamman a lokutan bukukuwan Musulunci. "Lokacin da muka je wurin jifan shaiɗan (Jamra) sa'ilin aikin Hajji, sai mutanenmu suka riƙa yin wasu abubuwa marasa ma'ana. "Wasu suka riƙa nemo manyan duwatsu, wasu kuma suka riƙa cire takalmansu suna jifan jamrah, suna zage-zage da furta munanan kalamai, da sunan jifan shaiɗan." Wannan na daga cikin abubuwan da suka sanya Sheikh Abubakar Gumi ya yi yunƙuri a hukumance na sake faɗakar da mabiya addinin Musulunci a Najeriya yadda ake yin addini, bayan sanar da Firimiyan arewa na farko Ahmadu Bello, kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗaliban marigayin, Sheikh Yusuf Sambo Rigachikun ya tabbatar wa BBC. Wannan yunƙuri ya haifar da kafa wasu ƙungiyoyi guda biyu waɗanda suka jagoranci tafiyar da lamurran addinin Musulunci a Najeriya - Jama'atu Nasril Islam, sai kuma daga baya Jama'atu Izalatil Bidi'a wa Iqamatussunnah - lamarin da ya yi tasiri kan miliyoyin mabiya addinin a Najeriya. Shekara 33 bayan rasuwarsa, miliyoyin Musulmai a Najeriya na ci gaba da bin koyarwarsa, sannan ƙungiyoyin da ya jagoranci kafawa ne a gaba-gaba wajen yaɗawa da kuma tafiyar da al'amuran Musulunci a ƙasar. Baya ga Shehu Usman Danfodiyo, wanda ya yi jihadin sake ɗabbaƙa addinin Musulunci a ƙasar Hausa a farkon shekarun 1800, ana ganin cewa babu wani malami da koyarsa ta Musulunci ta yi tasiri a Najeriya kamar Abubakar Gumi. Wasu masana addini ma na ganin tasirin da Gumi ya yi "ta fi" ta Usman Danfodio, kasancewar a lokacinsa akwai hanyoyin sadarwa irin su talabijin da rediyo da hanyar wallafa litattafai da jaridu, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen yaɗa ayyukansa a ƙasar Hausa da maƙwafta. <ref>Bbc</ref> == Kawo sauyi == Tun kafin yunƙurin samar da ƙungiyoyin sake ilimantar da Musulman Najeriya kan ibada, Abubakar Gumi ya kasance mutum mai neman kawo sauyi, lamarin da ya sa ya yi ƙaurin suna tsakanin malamai da sarakuna har ma da turawan mulkin mallaka. A cikin littafinsa na Manufata, Gumi ya tuno yadda ya ƙalubalanci malaman addinin Musulunci waɗanda suke yin addini "yadda suka ga dama". Gumi ya ce "Sufanci ya zamo jiki a tsakanin al'umma ta yadda babu wanda ya damu ya binciki ko ya yi daidai da koyawar al-Ƙur'ani da hadisan annabi Muhammad". Irin wannan yunƙuri nasa ya fara jan hankali ne a lokacin da yake koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru a shekarar 1949. A lokacin ya fahimci yadda malaman addini da kuma sauran al'umma ke cakuɗa ibada da al'adu ko wasu abubuwa na daban. Limamin Juma'a na Maru a wancan lokaci ya kasance yana yin taimama domin yin sallah a maimakon alwala da ruwa, duk kuwa da wadatuwar ruwan da kuma rashin wata hujja ta yin taimamar. Bayan yunƙurin da ya yi na faɗakar da limamin game da 'haramcin' hakan, amma abin ya ci tura, Gumi ya hana ɗalibansa halartar sallar Juma'a a babban masallacin Maru, inda ya riƙa jan su sallah a cikin makaranta. A matsayin martani, sarkin Maru ya rubuta takardar ƙorafi kan Abubakar Gumi zuwa ga fadar sarkin Musulmi da kuma hukumomi turawan mulkin mallaka. Sai dai a ƙarshe Abubakar Gumi ne ya yi nasara ta hanyar gabatar da hujjoji masu ƙarfi da suka tabbatar da koyarwarsa. A game da turawan mulkin mallaka, Gumi ya ce "Idan na tuna ɓarnar da mulkin mallakar Birtaniya ya yi a ƙasarmu, nakan riƙa mamakin yadda mutanenmu suka kwashe tsawon shekaru ba tare da sun fahimci hakan ba. "Hatta a tsakanin masu iliminmu, ƙalilan ne suke tsayawa su fahimci yadda mulkin mallaka ya illa ga tunaninmu".<ref>bbc</ref> == Littafin da ya yamutsa hazo == Littafin da Abubakar Gumi ya rubuta a shekara ta 1972 mai taken 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha bi-Muwafaqat al-Shar'i' ya haifar da zazzafar muhawara tsakanin Musulman arewacin Najeriya sanadiyyar kakkausar sukar da littafin ya yi kan wasu ayyuka na masu bin akidar sufanci. A wannan lokaci kusan ɗaukacin Musulman Najeriya na bin tsari ne na ɗariƙa, wadda ta samo asali daga koyarwa irin ta sufanci. Da farko Abubakar Gumi ya ce ya rubuta littafin ne domin amfanin masu ilimi, kasancewar koyarwar littafin zai yi tsaurin fahimta ga mabiya, waɗanda iliminsu bai yi nisa ba. Sai dai a lokacin da ya tafi Saudiyya, sai Mallam Isma'ila Idris ya ɗauki littafin ya yi wa'azi da shi a birnin Kaduna, wani abu da ya haifar da ruɗani, abin da ya kai ga dole sai da ya ajiye aikinsa na gwamnati a matsayin malami. Bayan ajiye aiki, Mallam Idris ya shiga aikin soja, inda ya yi aiki a garuruwa da dama na Najeriya, kafin mayar da shi garin Jos, kuma duk inda ya je ya riƙa koyar da karatu ta hanyar amfani da littafin Sheikh Gumi na 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha'. Wannan ne ya haifar da ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar Izalatil Bidi'a wa iƙamatussunnah a birnin Jos. Da'awar Gumi na kira ga Musulmi su yi aiki da karantarwar al-Ƙur'ani da kuma Hadisan Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) kawai, wani abu da ake ganin ya kawo gagarumin sauyi a yadda ake tafiyar da ibada a Najeriya da wasu ƙasashen da ke maƙwaftaka a lokacin.<ref>bbc</ref> == Wane ne Abubakar Gumi? == An haifi Abubakar Mahmud Gumi ne ranar Juma'a 7 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1924, wadda ita ce Juma'a ta ƙarshe ta watan Ramadan na shekara ta 1344 bayan hijira, kamar yadda malamin ya bayyana a cikin litattafinsa. Shahararren malamin addinin Musulunci ne kuma masanin shari'a, wanda ya kai har matsayin Alkalin Alkalai (Grand kadi) na arewacin Najeriya. Ya fara samun ilimi ne a wajen mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi. Sunan mahaifinsa Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, wanda ake kiransa da Na-Gumi, saboda zaman da ya yi a garin Gumi bayan zama a wurare daban-daban na ƙasar Hausa, kamar Katsina, Borno da Dutse. Mahaifin Abubakar Gumi ya kasance babban malamin addinin Musulunci da shari'a, kuma ɗaya daga cikin malamai da aka fi girmamawa a yankin Sokoto da Zamfara da kuma Kebbi a zamaninsa. Kakan mahaifin Abubakar Gumi shi ne Sheikh Aliyu Barou el-Badawi, wanda ya fito daga ƙabilar Larabawa ta Bedouin, waɗanda aka sani da kiwo a yankin Larabawa da arewacin nahiyar Afirka. Babu cikakken bayani kan yadda ya isa yankin Sokoto, amma dai ana ganin zuwan sa ba ya rasa nasaba da ziyarar da Larabawa suka riƙa yi zuwa ƙasar Hausa bayan ƙarni na 15, lokacin da Musulunci ya samu karɓuwa a ƙasar Hausa. Sunan mahaifiyar Abubakar Gumi Hafsatu, ɗiyar Malam Adamu, wadda mahaifinsa ya aura lokacin da yake koyarwa a Jega.<ref>bbc</ref> == Karatu == Abubakar Gumi ya fara karatunsa ne a hannun mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, inda ya haddace al-Ƙur'ani sannan kuma ya yi karatun litattafai da dama. Bayan nan a shekara ta 1933 ya shiga makarantar boko ta Dogon Daji Elementary School, inda daga baya aka mayar da shi makarantar Middle da ke Sokoto a shekara ta 1936. Daga nan ne ya tafi makarantar ilimin shari'a ta Kano. Sannan a shekara ta 1952 ya zurfafa karatu a makarantar koyar da Larabci ta Kano. Daga nan ne kuma ya yi karatun babbar difloma a cibiyar ilimi ta Bakht al-Rida da ke Sudan daga shekarar 1955 zuwa 1956. A shekarar 1987, Gumi ya lashe kyautar Sarki Faisal kan hidima ga addinin Muslunci. Daga cikin abubuwan da suka sa ya cancanci lambar girmamawar su ne wa'azi da kuma koyar da addinin Musulunci, taimakawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam da fassara alƙur'ani zuwa harshen Hausa da kuma rubuta litattafai na addinin Musulunci.<ref>bbc</ref> == Ayyukan ilimi == Abubakar Gumi ya yi gagarumar hidima ta hanyar rubuce-rubuce da kuma fassarar litattafai na addini.<ref>Bbc</ref> Litattafan da ya rubuta waɗanda suka fi yin fice sun haɗa da:<ref>Bbc</ref> * Tafsirin Al-ƙur'ani na '''Rad al-Azhan ila Ma'ani al-Qur`an''' * Al-Aqidah al-Sahiha bi Muwafaqat al-Shari'a * Kitab al-Nasihaila Amir MantiqatKatsina * Manufata / Where I Stand * Hal al-Niza` fi Mas´alatNuzul Isa alaih al-Salatwa al-Salam * Musulunchi da Abinda ke Rushe Shi * Zad al-Haj * Kitab Maratib al-Islam * Kitab Manasik al-hajwa al-Umra '''Fassara:''' * Fassarar ma'anonin al-Ƙur'ani mai girma * Fassarar Hadisai Arba'in (al-Nawawi) * Fassarar littafin Nur al-Bab * Fassarar littafin Hidayat al-Tullab fiAhamMasail al-Din == Rasuwa == Sheikh Abubakar Mahmoud Gumi ya rasu ne a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1992, a birnin Landan na ƙasar Birtaniya. A lokacin da ya rasu, al'umma sun girgiza kasancerwar sa mutumin da ya samu karɓuwa a tsakanin shugabanni da masu sarauta da kuma sauran al'umma. Gumi ya kasance malami, alƙali kuma tsani tsakanin shugabanni da talakawa. Baya ga batun addini, Sheikh Gumi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ɓangaren mulki da kuma ayyukan gwamnati. Ya kasance mai kusanci sosai ga masu mulki, sannan ya riƙa ƙarfafa wa al'ummar arewacin Najeriya, musamman Musulmai gwiwa wajen shiga ayyukan gwamnati da karatun zamani. Tsarin koyarwarsa ya sha bamban, inda ake yaba masa wajen haƙuri tare da ƙoƙarin ganin al'umma sun fahimci abin da yake koyarwa.<ref>bbc</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gumi, Abubakar Mahmud}} nulg6noq8dl2ekm5rgajw1fzblw50j9 829828 829827 2026-05-05T04:43:36Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829828 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Sultan Bello Mosque 05.jpg|thumb|Masallacin [[Masallacin Sarkin Musulmi Bello|Sultan Bello]] dake Kaduna inda Malam Abubakar Gummi ya yi limanci tare da gabatar da wa'azinsa.]] [[File:Abubakar Mahmoud Gummi.jpg|thumb|Malam Abubakar Gummi]] '''Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi''' (an haife shi a shekara 1962 –zuwa shekarar 1992)<ref name="HunwickO'Fahey1994">{{cite book|author1=John O. Hunwick|author2=Rex Séan O'Fahey|title=Arabic Literature of Africa: The writings of central Sudanic Africa Vol.2. Volume 13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nKXOThUEpcC&pg=PA551dq=Abubakar+Gummi+1922|year=1994|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-10494-1|page=551}}</ref> malamin Addinin Musulunci ne ɗan Najeriya kuma alƙalin alƙalai na yankin [[Arewacin Najeriya]], matsayin da ya sanya shi ya zama cibiyar tafsirin tsarin shari’a a yankin. Ya kasance na kusa da [[Ahmadu Bello]], Firimiyan Arewa a shekarun alif 1950 zuwa 1960 kuma ya zama Grand Khadi a shekara ta 1967, Kafin a soke wannan mukamin daga baya. Gummi ya fito a matsayin shugaba mai faɗa a ji a lokacin mulkin mallaka, inda yake ganin tsarin mulkin kai tsaye ya raunana ƙarfin addini na sarakuna da kuma ƙarfafa Turawan Yamma. Tun daga shekarun alif 1960 ne ake samun rigingimu tsakanin jama’a tsakaninsa da shugabannin ‘yan’uwantakar Sufaye, waɗanda daga baya ya yi muhawara a shirye-shiryen talabijin a shekarun alif 1970 zuwa shekara ta alif 1980. A wannan lokacin ya ci gaba da maida hankalinsa wajen gudanar da tarukan juma'a a cikin babban masallacin Kaduna ([[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]). Ya yi amfani da zaman wajen Farfado da sukar da ya ke yi wa hukumomi bisa ga ra'ayinsa na koma baya ga tsarin tushen ko kuma buƙatar rungumar aikin tsafta na Musulunci. Ya kuma yi suka da kakkausar murya kan shigar sufanci. Yana da ’ya’ya da yawa, daga ciki akwai [[Ahmad Gumi|Dr. Ahmad Abubakar Gumi]] wanda ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin malamin babban masallacin Kaduna (Sultan Bello), Dakta Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] Zariya. kuma tsohon hafsan soji ne, ya bar aikin soja, ya yi tattaki zuwa jami'ar umm al-Qura da ke [[Makkah]], ƙasar [[Saudiyya]] inda ya yi karatun digirin digirgir (PhD). Gumi mabiyin mazhabar [[malikiyya]] ne, wannan ya samo asali ne ta hanyar rubuce-rubucensa da suka haɗa da tafsirin alkur'ani (Raddul azhaan ila ma'anil kur'an). da sauran littafai kamar (hullu nizam ala nuzuul isa) da (Al-Aqidatus As-Saheehah bi muwafaqati ash- Shari'ah) da sauransu == Karatu == Ya yi karatu da rubuce-rubuce a kan addinin [[musulunci]] sosai, ya fassara [[Qur'an|Qur'ani]] zuwa [[Hausa|harshen Hausa]], kuma shi ne mutum na farko daya rubuta tarjama wato fassarar ɗai-ɗaikun ayoyin dake Alkur'ani.<ref>John N. Paden, Muslim Civic Cultures and Conflict Resolution: the challenge of democratic federalism in Nigeria, Brookings Institution Press, 2005. p 60. ISBN 0-8157-6817-6</ref> Hakan ne ya sa ya samu nasarar samun kyautar Sarki Faisal(King Faisal Award), daga ƙasar saudiya. Malamin dai ya kasance babban aboki kuma mai ba wa Firimiya [[Ahmadu Bello]] sardaunan Sakkwato shawara. Shi ne mahaifin Dakta Shaykh [[Ahmad Gumi]]. == Shahara == Gumi ya shahara tun lokacin mulkin mallakar Turawa a matsayin mai faɗa a ji, yana sukar salon Mulkin [[Turawa]], cewa ya karya lagon sarakunan Musulmi kuma hakan yana Ƙara karfafa al'adun Turai a ƙasashen musulunci. A farkon shekara ta 1960 an samu barkewar rikici tsakanin sa da malaman sufaye wanda daga baya rikicin ya koma muhawara a gidajen rediyo da talabijin a shekarun 1970 zuwa shekara ta 1980.<ref>The Independent: "Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi" by Karl Maier 16 September 1992</ref> Ya riƙa amfani da ranakun Juma'a a matsayin lokutan yada akidunsa a babban masallacin Juma'a na [[Kaduna]] mai suna [[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]. == Dangi == Abubakar Gumi ba a san takamaiman yawan yayansa ba, amma mafi shahara a cikinsu shi ne Dr. [[Ahmad Gumi]] Wanda shi ne ya gaji Mahaifinsa a matsayin mai gabatar da wa'azi a masallacin na Sultan Bello dake Kaduna. Dr Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke [[Zariya]]. Kuma tsohon jami'in sojin Nijeriya ne, ya bar aikin soja inda ya tafi zuwa ƙasar Saudiyya domin karanta ilimin fikihu, a jami'ar [[Ummul Quraa]] da ke birnin [[Makkah|Makka]] inda ya samu shaidar digirin digir-gir.<ref>John Owen Hunwick. Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan, Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. ISBN 0-8101-1037-7</ref> [[File:Nigerian Public Domain 105.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Abubakar Gumi a shekarar 1970.]] == Tarihi == === Rayuwar farko da ilimi === An haifi Gumi a kauyen Gummi (yanzu karamar hukuma ce a jihar Zamfara ) a ranar Juma'ar karshe na watan Ramadan shekara ta 1344, ga iyalan Mahmud, malamin addinin Musulunci kuma Alkali (alkali) na Gummi. Iliminsa ya fara ne a bangon danginsa lokacin yana dalibin koyarwar addinin musulunci na mahaifinsa. Daga nan ya wuce makarantar da ke karkashin kulawar wani Malami mai suna Musa da ke Ambursa a lardin Sakkwato . A nan aka gabatar da shi ilimin Fiqhu da karanta littafai da waqoqin yabo ga Annabi. Makarantar boko ta farko da ya yi ita ce makarantar firamare ta Dogondaji, yayin da a makarantar firamare ya hadu da Sarkin Musulmi na 18 a nan gaba, Ibrahim Dasuki, kuma ya yi fice a harkokin addini. An nada shi Hakimin Salla (shugaban sallah) kuma an dora masa alhakin ciyar da dalibai ayyukan addini. A cikin shekara guda aka mayar da shi Makarantar Midil ta Sakkwato, inda Ahmadu Bello yake koyarwa. A nan ne ya saba da Shehu Shagari, da Waziri Muhammadu Junaidu, da Yahaya Gusau; na baya-bayan nan shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam, wata fitacciyar kungiyar Musulmi ta Najeriya . Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na secondary ya tafi [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] inda ya karanta fannin shari'a sannan ya samu horon Qadi . Ya fara aiki a matsayin magatakarda ga Qadi Attahiru amma ba da jimawa ba ya rasa nasaba da takamaiman aikinsa. Ya ba da darussa na sirri kan Musulunci da [[tafsiri]] a matsayin kubuta daga bacin ransa. Ya rasa mahaifinsa a shekara ta 1937 a lokacin da yake makarantar sakandare. Ya yi aure bayan shekara 3 da Maryama a shekarar 1941 yana dan shekara 19. <ref name="IndependentObit">{{Cite web |date=1992-09-15 |title=Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sheikh-abubakar-mahmud-gumi-1551628.html |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> === Farkon aiki === A shekarar 1947 Abubakar Gumi ya bar aikin sakatare na Qadi Attahiru ya tafi koyarwa a makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta Kano, wadda ya taba halarta a baya. A lokacin da yake Kano, ya hadu da Sheik Sa'id Hayatu, dan shugaban Mahdiyya na karni na 19, Hayatu ibn Sa'id, kuma wani mutum da ake ganin yana daya daga cikin fitattun wadanda mulkin mallaka ya rutsa da su. Shi ne shugaban kungiyar Mahdiyya, kuma ya dawo daga zaman tilas a kasar Kamaru . Abubakar ya shaku da koyarwar harkar Mahdiyya, a takaice ya zama mabiyi; Daga baya ya auri diyar Hayatu, Maryam. Duk da haka, ta rasu bayan ta haifi ɗa namiji. Dan Abubakar Gumi na farko ba Ahmad Abubakar ba ne, Dr Hamza Abubakar likita ne da ke aiki a yanzu haka a birnin Riyadh na kasar Saudiyya, sai kuma Manjo Janar Abdulkadir Abubakar (rtd) da kuma yaya mata biyu – daya ya auri marigayi Mai shari’a Muhammadu Bello, tsohon alkalin alkalai na tarayya, dayan kuma ta auri Sheik Sunusi Gumbi, sanannen malamin addinin musulunci kuma dalibin Abubakar Gumi. A 1949 Gumi ya sami aikin koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru, Sakkwato. Makarantar tana da wani shahararren malami mai suna [[Aminu Kano]], wanda shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar malamai ta Arewa kuma mai kula da wasu ‘yan [[Makarantar Islamiyya|makarantun musulmi]] . Aminu da Gumi sun yi cudanya tare da raba ra’ayoyi kan tasirin al’ummar gargajiya da addinin Musulunci, da kuma halin ko in kula ko goyon bayan da ‘yan’uwan Sufaye suke ba wa halin da ake ciki na [[Bida|Bidi’a]] . Ya bar Maru ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar koyon Larabci da ke Kano. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya zama malami na tsawon shekaru biyu a makarantar. Ya kuma halarci makarantar ilimi a Sudan. <ref name="Hunwick">John Owen Hunwick. ''Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan'', Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. {{ISBN|0-8101-1037-7}}</ref> A 1957 ya zama mai fassara ga gwamnatin Arewacin Najeriya kan al'amuran [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] . == Rikici == Abubakar Gumi yana da ra'ayi game da tsarin mulki da na addini na jami'an masarautu a Arewacin Najeriya. Rikicin akidarsa na farko da hukumomi shine a Maru. Rikici ya shafi aikin Tayamum . Babban Limamin Masallacin Maru ya kasance yana yin wanka da yashi (Tayammum) gabanin Sallah yayin da Gumi ya yi nuni da cewa Tayammu ana amfani da ita ne kawai idan ba a samu ruwa ba, kuma ana samun ruwa sosai a Maru . Gumi ya ci gaba da kalubalantar wannan al’ada, inda ya nemi dalibai da kada su fito don yin Sallah har sai Imam ya fasa yin Taimiyya. Sai dai Gumi wanda a baya ya rubuta kakkausar murya kan Sarkin Musulmi, yanzu ya samu Sarkin Musulmi yana sha’awar kokensa da babban limamin Maru. An kafa kwamitin bincike kan lamarin tare da goyon bayan Sarkin Musulmi. Sai dai da yake Gumi ya fi sanin aqidar Musulunci, haka nan kuma basirarsa ta gardama, sai hukumar ta yanke hukunci a kan Gumi. [1] Bayan samun nasara kadan a kan Sarkin Musulmi, Gumi ya yi amfani da hankalin da ya samu ta hanyar rubuta wata kasida mai mahimmanci a kan batun Musulmi, musamman Sarkin Musulmi, ya karbi mukaman Ingila . A lokacin, sannu a hankali ya fara ƙalubalantar imani da halaye na ayyuka a tsakanin al'ummar musulmi. [ abubuwan da ake bukata ] Wani harin da Gumi ya kai shi ne kungiyar [[Ahmadiyya]] karkashin jagorancin [[Jibril Martin]] . Yunkurin ya kasance manufa mai sauƙi ga Gumi, saboda wasu ra'ayoyin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar sun yi hannun riga da ainihin akidar Musulunci, kamar yadda wanda ya kafa ya sanya kansa a matsayin annabci . Daga baya Gumi ya fara fargabar wannan harkar ne sakamakon kwarewar tsarin kungiya na wanda ya assasa Najeriya, a hankali kungiyar ta shiga cikin hukumar alhazai ta yammacin Najeriya, sannan ta kafa makarantun almajirai a Kudu sannan kuma ya tashi zuwa arewa wajen yada manufofin Ahmadiyya. Gumi ya dauki wannan kalubale cikin sauki sannan aka dakile manufar kungiyar ta arewa. == Bayyanarshi a Kafafen yaɗa labarai == Sheik Gumi ya yi hajjin sa na farko zuwa Makka a shekarar 1955 kuma Ahmadu Bello ne ya hada shi da shi. Yayin da yake Makka ya yi tafsirin ayyukan addinin Musulunci tare da Bello da Sarki Sa'ud. Ya kuma sadu da dimbin al'ummar al'ummar musulmi ko kuma al'ummar musulmi a kasar Saudiyya, wadanda da yawa daga baya suka zama masu kyautata masa bayan rasuwar Ahmadu Bello a shekarar 1966. Da ya dawo Najeriya ya fara koyarwa a Makarantar Koyon Larabci da ke Kano da kuma wasu Makarantun Musulmi da kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam (JNI) ta kafa wacce ke kusa da birnin Kaduna. Babban bangare na koyarwarsa ya mayar da hankali kan bambance-bambancen al'ada da addini, da yadda za a fahimta da kuma rungumar asalin Musulunci. Ya kuma rubuta tafsirin kur'ani wanda akasari a kan sunna, ya kuma fassara kur'ani daga Larabci zuwa Hausa . Wannan tsari ya kai ga yada Littafi Mai Tsarki ga dimbin jama’ar Arewacin Najeriya, kuma ra’ayoyinsa da sakonsa kan muhimman koyarwar Musulunci sun fara samun dimbin masu sauraro. [1] Sai dai adawar da ya yi da manyan 'yan uwantakar Sufaye kamar Tijjaniyya da Qadiriyya ta jawo masa suka a kai a kai, kuma wasu daga cikin musulmi suka rika kai masa hari kan tafsirinsa; ya kan amsa da cewa su ci gaba da yin tafsirin nasu, idan ba sa son nasa. [1] A shekarun 1970 ya zama mai yawan fitowa a shirye-shiryen talabijin, musamman a lokutan bukukuwan Musulunci. "Lokacin da muka je wurin jifan shaiɗan (Jamra) sa'ilin aikin Hajji, sai mutanenmu suka riƙa yin wasu abubuwa marasa ma'ana. "Wasu suka riƙa nemo manyan duwatsu, wasu kuma suka riƙa cire takalmansu suna jifan jamrah, suna zage-zage da furta munanan kalamai, da sunan jifan shaiɗan." Wannan na daga cikin abubuwan da suka sanya Sheikh Abubakar Gumi ya yi yunƙuri a hukumance na sake faɗakar da mabiya addinin Musulunci a Najeriya yadda ake yin addini, bayan sanar da Firimiyan arewa na farko Ahmadu Bello, kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗaliban marigayin, Sheikh Yusuf Sambo Rigachikun ya tabbatar wa BBC. Wannan yunƙuri ya haifar da kafa wasu ƙungiyoyi guda biyu waɗanda suka jagoranci tafiyar da lamurran addinin Musulunci a Najeriya - Jama'atu Nasril Islam, sai kuma daga baya Jama'atu Izalatil Bidi'a wa Iqamatussunnah - lamarin da ya yi tasiri kan miliyoyin mabiya addinin a Najeriya. Shekara 33 bayan rasuwarsa, miliyoyin Musulmai a Najeriya na ci gaba da bin koyarwarsa, sannan ƙungiyoyin da ya jagoranci kafawa ne a gaba-gaba wajen yaɗawa da kuma tafiyar da al'amuran Musulunci a ƙasar. Baya ga Shehu Usman Danfodiyo, wanda ya yi jihadin sake ɗabbaƙa addinin Musulunci a ƙasar Hausa a farkon shekarun 1800, ana ganin cewa babu wani malami da koyarsa ta Musulunci ta yi tasiri a Najeriya kamar Abubakar Gumi. Wasu masana addini ma na ganin tasirin da Gumi ya yi "ta fi" ta Usman Danfodio, kasancewar a lokacinsa akwai hanyoyin sadarwa irin su talabijin da rediyo da hanyar wallafa litattafai da jaridu, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen yaɗa ayyukansa a ƙasar Hausa da maƙwafta. <ref>Bbc</ref> == Kawo sauyi == Tun kafin yunƙurin samar da ƙungiyoyin sake ilimantar da Musulman Najeriya kan ibada, Abubakar Gumi ya kasance mutum mai neman kawo sauyi, lamarin da ya sa ya yi ƙaurin suna tsakanin malamai da sarakuna har ma da turawan mulkin mallaka. A cikin littafinsa na Manufata, Gumi ya tuno yadda ya ƙalubalanci malaman addinin Musulunci waɗanda suke yin addini "yadda suka ga dama". Gumi ya ce "Sufanci ya zamo jiki a tsakanin al'umma ta yadda babu wanda ya damu ya binciki ko ya yi daidai da koyawar al-Ƙur'ani da hadisan annabi Muhammad". Irin wannan yunƙuri nasa ya fara jan hankali ne a lokacin da yake koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru a shekarar 1949. A lokacin ya fahimci yadda malaman addini da kuma sauran al'umma ke cakuɗa ibada da al'adu ko wasu abubuwa na daban. Limamin Juma'a na Maru a wancan lokaci ya kasance yana yin taimama domin yin sallah a maimakon alwala da ruwa, duk kuwa da wadatuwar ruwan da kuma rashin wata hujja ta yin taimamar. Bayan yunƙurin da ya yi na faɗakar da limamin game da 'haramcin' hakan, amma abin ya ci tura, Gumi ya hana ɗalibansa halartar sallar Juma'a a babban masallacin Maru, inda ya riƙa jan su sallah a cikin makaranta. A matsayin martani, sarkin Maru ya rubuta takardar ƙorafi kan Abubakar Gumi zuwa ga fadar sarkin Musulmi da kuma hukumomi turawan mulkin mallaka. Sai dai a ƙarshe Abubakar Gumi ne ya yi nasara ta hanyar gabatar da hujjoji masu ƙarfi da suka tabbatar da koyarwarsa. A game da turawan mulkin mallaka, Gumi ya ce "Idan na tuna ɓarnar da mulkin mallakar Birtaniya ya yi a ƙasarmu, nakan riƙa mamakin yadda mutanenmu suka kwashe tsawon shekaru ba tare da sun fahimci hakan ba. "Hatta a tsakanin masu iliminmu, ƙalilan ne suke tsayawa su fahimci yadda mulkin mallaka ya illa ga tunaninmu".<ref>bbc</ref> == Littafin da ya yamutsa hazo == Littafin da Abubakar Gumi ya rubuta a shekara ta 1972 mai taken 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha bi-Muwafaqat al-Shar'i' ya haifar da zazzafar muhawara tsakanin Musulman arewacin Najeriya sanadiyyar kakkausar sukar da littafin ya yi kan wasu ayyuka na masu bin akidar sufanci. A wannan lokaci kusan ɗaukacin Musulman Najeriya na bin tsari ne na ɗariƙa, wadda ta samo asali daga koyarwa irin ta sufanci. Da farko Abubakar Gumi ya ce ya rubuta littafin ne domin amfanin masu ilimi, kasancewar koyarwar littafin zai yi tsaurin fahimta ga mabiya, waɗanda iliminsu bai yi nisa ba. Sai dai a lokacin da ya tafi Saudiyya, sai Mallam Isma'ila Idris ya ɗauki littafin ya yi wa'azi da shi a birnin Kaduna, wani abu da ya haifar da ruɗani, abin da ya kai ga dole sai da ya ajiye aikinsa na gwamnati a matsayin malami. Bayan ajiye aiki, Mallam Idris ya shiga aikin soja, inda ya yi aiki a garuruwa da dama na Najeriya, kafin mayar da shi garin Jos, kuma duk inda ya je ya riƙa koyar da karatu ta hanyar amfani da littafin Sheikh Gumi na 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha'. Wannan ne ya haifar da ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar Izalatil Bidi'a wa iƙamatussunnah a birnin Jos. Da'awar Gumi na kira ga Musulmi su yi aiki da karantarwar al-Ƙur'ani da kuma Hadisan Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) kawai, wani abu da ake ganin ya kawo gagarumin sauyi a yadda ake tafiyar da ibada a Najeriya da wasu ƙasashen da ke maƙwaftaka a lokacin.<ref>bbc</ref> == Wane ne Abubakar Gumi? == An haifi Abubakar Mahmud Gumi ne ranar Juma'a 7 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1924, wadda ita ce Juma'a ta ƙarshe ta watan Ramadan na shekara ta 1344 bayan hijira, kamar yadda malamin ya bayyana a cikin litattafinsa. Shahararren malamin addinin Musulunci ne kuma masanin shari'a, wanda ya kai har matsayin Alkalin Alkalai (Grand kadi) na arewacin Najeriya. Ya fara samun ilimi ne a wajen mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi. Sunan mahaifinsa Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, wanda ake kiransa da Na-Gumi, saboda zaman da ya yi a garin Gumi bayan zama a wurare daban-daban na ƙasar Hausa, kamar Katsina, Borno da Dutse. Mahaifin Abubakar Gumi ya kasance babban malamin addinin Musulunci da shari'a, kuma ɗaya daga cikin malamai da aka fi girmamawa a yankin Sokoto da Zamfara da kuma Kebbi a zamaninsa. Kakan mahaifin Abubakar Gumi shi ne Sheikh Aliyu Barou el-Badawi, wanda ya fito daga ƙabilar Larabawa ta Bedouin, waɗanda aka sani da kiwo a yankin Larabawa da arewacin nahiyar Afirka. Babu cikakken bayani kan yadda ya isa yankin Sokoto, amma dai ana ganin zuwan sa ba ya rasa nasaba da ziyarar da Larabawa suka riƙa yi zuwa ƙasar Hausa bayan ƙarni na 15, lokacin da Musulunci ya samu karɓuwa a ƙasar Hausa. Sunan mahaifiyar Abubakar Gumi Hafsatu, ɗiyar Malam Adamu, wadda mahaifinsa ya aura lokacin da yake koyarwa a Jega.<ref>bbc</ref> == Karatu == Abubakar Gumi ya fara karatunsa ne a hannun mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, inda ya haddace al-Ƙur'ani sannan kuma ya yi karatun litattafai da dama. Bayan nan a shekara ta 1933 ya shiga makarantar boko ta Dogon Daji Elementary School, inda daga baya aka mayar da shi makarantar Middle da ke Sokoto a shekara ta 1936. Daga nan ne ya tafi makarantar ilimin shari'a ta Kano. Sannan a shekara ta 1952 ya zurfafa karatu a makarantar koyar da Larabci ta Kano. Daga nan ne kuma ya yi karatun babbar difloma a cibiyar ilimi ta Bakht al-Rida da ke Sudan daga shekarar 1955 zuwa 1956. A shekarar 1987, Gumi ya lashe kyautar Sarki Faisal kan hidima ga addinin Muslunci. Daga cikin abubuwan da suka sa ya cancanci lambar girmamawar su ne wa'azi da kuma koyar da addinin Musulunci, taimakawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam da fassara alƙur'ani zuwa harshen Hausa da kuma rubuta litattafai na addinin Musulunci.<ref>bbc</ref> == Ayyukan ilimi == Abubakar Gumi ya yi gagarumar hidima ta hanyar rubuce-rubuce da kuma fassarar litattafai na addini.<ref>Bbc</ref> Litattafan da ya rubuta waɗanda suka fi yin fice sun haɗa da:<ref>Bbc</ref> * Tafsirin Al-ƙur'ani na '''Rad al-Azhan ila Ma'ani al-Qur`an''' * Al-Aqidah al-Sahiha bi Muwafaqat al-Shari'a * Kitab al-Nasihaila Amir MantiqatKatsina * Manufata / Where I Stand * Hal al-Niza` fi Mas´alatNuzul Isa alaih al-Salatwa al-Salam * Musulunchi da Abinda ke Rushe Shi * Zad al-Haj * Kitab Maratib al-Islam * Kitab Manasik al-hajwa al-Umra '''Fassara:''' * Fassarar ma'anonin al-Ƙur'ani mai girma * Fassarar Hadisai Arba'in (al-Nawawi) * Fassarar littafin Nur al-Bab * Fassarar littafin Hidayat al-Tullab fiAhamMasail al-Din == Rasuwa == Sheikh Abubakar Mahmoud Gumi ya rasu ne a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1992, a birnin Landan na ƙasar Birtaniya. A lokacin da ya rasu, al'umma sun girgiza kasancerwar sa mutumin da ya samu karɓuwa a tsakanin shugabanni da masu sarauta da kuma sauran al'umma. Gumi ya kasance malami, alƙali kuma tsani tsakanin shugabanni da talakawa. Baya ga batun addini, Sheikh Gumi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ɓangaren mulki da kuma ayyukan gwamnati. Ya kasance mai kusanci sosai ga masu mulki, sannan ya riƙa ƙarfafa wa al'ummar arewacin Najeriya, musamman Musulmai gwiwa wajen shiga ayyukan gwamnati da karatun zamani. Tsarin koyarwarsa ya sha bamban, inda ake yaba masa wajen haƙuri tare da ƙoƙarin ganin al'umma sun fahimci abin da yake koyarwa.<ref>bbc</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gumi, Abubakar Mahmud}} 0nms7mtvtylehwh3ckhnhb1r2nbcgir 829829 829828 2026-05-05T04:44:43Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829829 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Sultan Bello Mosque 05.jpg|thumb|Masallacin [[Masallacin Sarkin Musulmi Bello|Sultan Bello]] dake Kaduna inda Malam Abubakar Gummi ya yi limanci tare da gabatar da wa'azinsa.]] [[File:Abubakar Mahmoud Gummi.jpg|thumb|Malam Abubakar Gummi]] '''Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi''' (an haife shi a shekara 1962 –zuwa shekarar 1992)<ref name="HunwickO'Fahey1994">{{cite book|author1=John O. Hunwick|author2=Rex Séan O'Fahey|title=Arabic Literature of Africa: The writings of central Sudanic Africa Vol.2. Volume 13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nKXOThUEpcC&pg=PA551dq=Abubakar+Gummi+1922|year=1994|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-10494-1|page=551}}</ref> malamin Addinin Musulunci ne ɗan Najeriya kuma alƙalin alƙalai na yankin [[Arewacin Najeriya]], matsayin da ya sanya shi ya zama cibiyar tafsirin tsarin shari’a a yankin. Ya kasance na kusa da [[Ahmadu Bello]], Firimiyan Arewa a shekarun alif 1950 zuwa 1960 kuma ya zama Grand Khadi a shekara ta 1967, Kafin a soke wannan mukamin daga baya. Gummi ya fito a matsayin shugaba mai faɗa a ji a lokacin mulkin mallaka, inda yake ganin tsarin mulkin kai tsaye ya raunana ƙarfin addini na sarakuna da kuma ƙarfafa Turawan Yamma. Tun daga shekarun alif 1960 ne ake samun rigingimu tsakanin jama’a tsakaninsa da shugabannin ‘yan’uwantakar Sufaye, waɗanda daga baya ya yi muhawara a shirye-shiryen talabijin a shekarun alif 1970 zuwa shekara ta alif 1980. A wannan lokacin ya ci gaba da maida hankalinsa wajen gudanar da tarukan juma'a a cikin babban masallacin Kaduna ([[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]). Ya yi amfani da zaman wajen Farfado da sukar da ya ke yi wa hukumomi bisa ga ra'ayinsa na koma baya ga tsarin tushen ko kuma buƙatar rungumar aikin tsafta na Musulunci. Ya kuma yi suka da kakkausar murya kan shigar sufanci. Yana da ’ya’ya da yawa, daga ciki akwai [[Ahmad Gumi|Dr. Ahmad Abubakar Gummi]] wanda ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin malamin babban masallacin Kaduna (Sultan Bello), Dakta Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] Zariya. kuma tsohon hafsan soji ne, ya bar aikin soja, ya yi tattaki zuwa jami'ar umm al-Qura da ke [[Makkah]], ƙasar [[Saudiyya]] inda ya yi karatun digirin digirgir (PhD). Gumi mabiyin mazhabar [[malikiyya]] ne, wannan ya samo asali ne ta hanyar rubuce-rubucensa da suka haɗa da tafsirin alkur'ani (Raddul azhaan ila ma'anil kur'an). da sauran littafai kamar (hullu nizam ala nuzuul isa) da (Al-Aqidatus As-Saheehah bi muwafaqati ash- Shari'ah) da sauransu == Karatu == Ya yi karatu da rubuce-rubuce a kan addinin [[musulunci]] sosai, ya fassara [[Qur'an|Qur'ani]] zuwa [[Hausa|harshen Hausa]], kuma shi ne mutum na farko daya rubuta tarjama wato fassarar ɗai-ɗaikun ayoyin dake Alkur'ani.<ref>John N. Paden, Muslim Civic Cultures and Conflict Resolution: the challenge of democratic federalism in Nigeria, Brookings Institution Press, 2005. p 60. ISBN 0-8157-6817-6</ref> Hakan ne ya sa ya samu nasarar samun kyautar Sarki Faisal(King Faisal Award), daga ƙasar saudiya. Malamin dai ya kasance babban aboki kuma mai ba wa Firimiya [[Ahmadu Bello]] sardaunan Sakkwato shawara. Shi ne mahaifin Dakta Shaykh [[Ahmad Gumi]]. == Shahara == Gumi ya shahara tun lokacin mulkin mallakar Turawa a matsayin mai faɗa a ji, yana sukar salon Mulkin [[Turawa]], cewa ya karya lagon sarakunan Musulmi kuma hakan yana Ƙara karfafa al'adun Turai a ƙasashen musulunci. A farkon shekara ta 1960 an samu barkewar rikici tsakanin sa da malaman sufaye wanda daga baya rikicin ya koma muhawara a gidajen rediyo da talabijin a shekarun 1970 zuwa shekara ta 1980.<ref>The Independent: "Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi" by Karl Maier 16 September 1992</ref> Ya riƙa amfani da ranakun Juma'a a matsayin lokutan yada akidunsa a babban masallacin Juma'a na [[Kaduna]] mai suna [[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]. == Dangi == Abubakar Gumi ba a san takamaiman yawan yayansa ba, amma mafi shahara a cikinsu shi ne Dr. [[Ahmad Gumi]] Wanda shi ne ya gaji Mahaifinsa a matsayin mai gabatar da wa'azi a masallacin na Sultan Bello dake Kaduna. Dr Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke [[Zariya]]. Kuma tsohon jami'in sojin Nijeriya ne, ya bar aikin soja inda ya tafi zuwa ƙasar Saudiyya domin karanta ilimin fikihu, a jami'ar [[Ummul Quraa]] da ke birnin [[Makkah|Makka]] inda ya samu shaidar digirin digir-gir.<ref>John Owen Hunwick. Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan, Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. ISBN 0-8101-1037-7</ref> [[File:Nigerian Public Domain 105.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Abubakar Gumi a shekarar 1970.]] == Tarihi == === Rayuwar farko da ilimi === An haifi Gumi a kauyen Gummi (yanzu karamar hukuma ce a jihar Zamfara ) a ranar Juma'ar karshe na watan Ramadan shekara ta 1344, ga iyalan Mahmud, malamin addinin Musulunci kuma Alkali (alkali) na Gummi. Iliminsa ya fara ne a bangon danginsa lokacin yana dalibin koyarwar addinin musulunci na mahaifinsa. Daga nan ya wuce makarantar da ke karkashin kulawar wani Malami mai suna Musa da ke Ambursa a lardin Sakkwato . A nan aka gabatar da shi ilimin Fiqhu da karanta littafai da waqoqin yabo ga Annabi. Makarantar boko ta farko da ya yi ita ce makarantar firamare ta Dogondaji, yayin da a makarantar firamare ya hadu da Sarkin Musulmi na 18 a nan gaba, Ibrahim Dasuki, kuma ya yi fice a harkokin addini. An nada shi Hakimin Salla (shugaban sallah) kuma an dora masa alhakin ciyar da dalibai ayyukan addini. A cikin shekara guda aka mayar da shi Makarantar Midil ta Sakkwato, inda Ahmadu Bello yake koyarwa. A nan ne ya saba da Shehu Shagari, da Waziri Muhammadu Junaidu, da Yahaya Gusau; na baya-bayan nan shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam, wata fitacciyar kungiyar Musulmi ta Najeriya . Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na secondary ya tafi [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] inda ya karanta fannin shari'a sannan ya samu horon Qadi . Ya fara aiki a matsayin magatakarda ga Qadi Attahiru amma ba da jimawa ba ya rasa nasaba da takamaiman aikinsa. Ya ba da darussa na sirri kan Musulunci da [[tafsiri]] a matsayin kubuta daga bacin ransa. Ya rasa mahaifinsa a shekara ta 1937 a lokacin da yake makarantar sakandare. Ya yi aure bayan shekara 3 da Maryama a shekarar 1941 yana dan shekara 19. <ref name="IndependentObit">{{Cite web |date=1992-09-15 |title=Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sheikh-abubakar-mahmud-gumi-1551628.html |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> === Farkon aiki === A shekarar 1947 Abubakar Gumi ya bar aikin sakatare na Qadi Attahiru ya tafi koyarwa a makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta Kano, wadda ya taba halarta a baya. A lokacin da yake Kano, ya hadu da Sheik Sa'id Hayatu, dan shugaban Mahdiyya na karni na 19, Hayatu ibn Sa'id, kuma wani mutum da ake ganin yana daya daga cikin fitattun wadanda mulkin mallaka ya rutsa da su. Shi ne shugaban kungiyar Mahdiyya, kuma ya dawo daga zaman tilas a kasar Kamaru . Abubakar ya shaku da koyarwar harkar Mahdiyya, a takaice ya zama mabiyi; Daga baya ya auri diyar Hayatu, Maryam. Duk da haka, ta rasu bayan ta haifi ɗa namiji. Dan Abubakar Gumi na farko ba Ahmad Abubakar ba ne, Dr Hamza Abubakar likita ne da ke aiki a yanzu haka a birnin Riyadh na kasar Saudiyya, sai kuma Manjo Janar Abdulkadir Abubakar (rtd) da kuma yaya mata biyu – daya ya auri marigayi Mai shari’a Muhammadu Bello, tsohon alkalin alkalai na tarayya, dayan kuma ta auri Sheik Sunusi Gumbi, sanannen malamin addinin musulunci kuma dalibin Abubakar Gumi. A 1949 Gumi ya sami aikin koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru, Sakkwato. Makarantar tana da wani shahararren malami mai suna [[Aminu Kano]], wanda shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar malamai ta Arewa kuma mai kula da wasu ‘yan [[Makarantar Islamiyya|makarantun musulmi]] . Aminu da Gumi sun yi cudanya tare da raba ra’ayoyi kan tasirin al’ummar gargajiya da addinin Musulunci, da kuma halin ko in kula ko goyon bayan da ‘yan’uwan Sufaye suke ba wa halin da ake ciki na [[Bida|Bidi’a]] . Ya bar Maru ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar koyon Larabci da ke Kano. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya zama malami na tsawon shekaru biyu a makarantar. Ya kuma halarci makarantar ilimi a Sudan. <ref name="Hunwick">John Owen Hunwick. ''Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan'', Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. {{ISBN|0-8101-1037-7}}</ref> A 1957 ya zama mai fassara ga gwamnatin Arewacin Najeriya kan al'amuran [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] . == Rikici == Abubakar Gumi yana da ra'ayi game da tsarin mulki da na addini na jami'an masarautu a Arewacin Najeriya. Rikicin akidarsa na farko da hukumomi shine a Maru. Rikici ya shafi aikin Tayamum . Babban Limamin Masallacin Maru ya kasance yana yin wanka da yashi (Tayammum) gabanin Sallah yayin da Gumi ya yi nuni da cewa Tayammu ana amfani da ita ne kawai idan ba a samu ruwa ba, kuma ana samun ruwa sosai a Maru . Gumi ya ci gaba da kalubalantar wannan al’ada, inda ya nemi dalibai da kada su fito don yin Sallah har sai Imam ya fasa yin Taimiyya. Sai dai Gumi wanda a baya ya rubuta kakkausar murya kan Sarkin Musulmi, yanzu ya samu Sarkin Musulmi yana sha’awar kokensa da babban limamin Maru. An kafa kwamitin bincike kan lamarin tare da goyon bayan Sarkin Musulmi. Sai dai da yake Gumi ya fi sanin aqidar Musulunci, haka nan kuma basirarsa ta gardama, sai hukumar ta yanke hukunci a kan Gumi. [1] Bayan samun nasara kadan a kan Sarkin Musulmi, Gumi ya yi amfani da hankalin da ya samu ta hanyar rubuta wata kasida mai mahimmanci a kan batun Musulmi, musamman Sarkin Musulmi, ya karbi mukaman Ingila . A lokacin, sannu a hankali ya fara ƙalubalantar imani da halaye na ayyuka a tsakanin al'ummar musulmi. [ abubuwan da ake bukata ] Wani harin da Gumi ya kai shi ne kungiyar [[Ahmadiyya]] karkashin jagorancin [[Jibril Martin]] . Yunkurin ya kasance manufa mai sauƙi ga Gumi, saboda wasu ra'ayoyin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar sun yi hannun riga da ainihin akidar Musulunci, kamar yadda wanda ya kafa ya sanya kansa a matsayin annabci . Daga baya Gumi ya fara fargabar wannan harkar ne sakamakon kwarewar tsarin kungiya na wanda ya assasa Najeriya, a hankali kungiyar ta shiga cikin hukumar alhazai ta yammacin Najeriya, sannan ta kafa makarantun almajirai a Kudu sannan kuma ya tashi zuwa arewa wajen yada manufofin Ahmadiyya. Gumi ya dauki wannan kalubale cikin sauki sannan aka dakile manufar kungiyar ta arewa. == Bayyanarshi a Kafafen yaɗa labarai == Sheik Gumi ya yi hajjin sa na farko zuwa Makka a shekarar 1955 kuma Ahmadu Bello ne ya hada shi da shi. Yayin da yake Makka ya yi tafsirin ayyukan addinin Musulunci tare da Bello da Sarki Sa'ud. Ya kuma sadu da dimbin al'ummar al'ummar musulmi ko kuma al'ummar musulmi a kasar Saudiyya, wadanda da yawa daga baya suka zama masu kyautata masa bayan rasuwar Ahmadu Bello a shekarar 1966. Da ya dawo Najeriya ya fara koyarwa a Makarantar Koyon Larabci da ke Kano da kuma wasu Makarantun Musulmi da kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam (JNI) ta kafa wacce ke kusa da birnin Kaduna. Babban bangare na koyarwarsa ya mayar da hankali kan bambance-bambancen al'ada da addini, da yadda za a fahimta da kuma rungumar asalin Musulunci. Ya kuma rubuta tafsirin kur'ani wanda akasari a kan sunna, ya kuma fassara kur'ani daga Larabci zuwa Hausa . Wannan tsari ya kai ga yada Littafi Mai Tsarki ga dimbin jama’ar Arewacin Najeriya, kuma ra’ayoyinsa da sakonsa kan muhimman koyarwar Musulunci sun fara samun dimbin masu sauraro. [1] Sai dai adawar da ya yi da manyan 'yan uwantakar Sufaye kamar Tijjaniyya da Qadiriyya ta jawo masa suka a kai a kai, kuma wasu daga cikin musulmi suka rika kai masa hari kan tafsirinsa; ya kan amsa da cewa su ci gaba da yin tafsirin nasu, idan ba sa son nasa. [1] A shekarun 1970 ya zama mai yawan fitowa a shirye-shiryen talabijin, musamman a lokutan bukukuwan Musulunci. "Lokacin da muka je wurin jifan shaiɗan (Jamra) sa'ilin aikin Hajji, sai mutanenmu suka riƙa yin wasu abubuwa marasa ma'ana. "Wasu suka riƙa nemo manyan duwatsu, wasu kuma suka riƙa cire takalmansu suna jifan jamrah, suna zage-zage da furta munanan kalamai, da sunan jifan shaiɗan." Wannan na daga cikin abubuwan da suka sanya Sheikh Abubakar Gumi ya yi yunƙuri a hukumance na sake faɗakar da mabiya addinin Musulunci a Najeriya yadda ake yin addini, bayan sanar da Firimiyan arewa na farko Ahmadu Bello, kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗaliban marigayin, Sheikh Yusuf Sambo Rigachikun ya tabbatar wa BBC. Wannan yunƙuri ya haifar da kafa wasu ƙungiyoyi guda biyu waɗanda suka jagoranci tafiyar da lamurran addinin Musulunci a Najeriya - Jama'atu Nasril Islam, sai kuma daga baya Jama'atu Izalatil Bidi'a wa Iqamatussunnah - lamarin da ya yi tasiri kan miliyoyin mabiya addinin a Najeriya. Shekara 33 bayan rasuwarsa, miliyoyin Musulmai a Najeriya na ci gaba da bin koyarwarsa, sannan ƙungiyoyin da ya jagoranci kafawa ne a gaba-gaba wajen yaɗawa da kuma tafiyar da al'amuran Musulunci a ƙasar. Baya ga Shehu Usman Danfodiyo, wanda ya yi jihadin sake ɗabbaƙa addinin Musulunci a ƙasar Hausa a farkon shekarun 1800, ana ganin cewa babu wani malami da koyarsa ta Musulunci ta yi tasiri a Najeriya kamar Abubakar Gumi. Wasu masana addini ma na ganin tasirin da Gumi ya yi "ta fi" ta Usman Danfodio, kasancewar a lokacinsa akwai hanyoyin sadarwa irin su talabijin da rediyo da hanyar wallafa litattafai da jaridu, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen yaɗa ayyukansa a ƙasar Hausa da maƙwafta. <ref>Bbc</ref> == Kawo sauyi == Tun kafin yunƙurin samar da ƙungiyoyin sake ilimantar da Musulman Najeriya kan ibada, Abubakar Gumi ya kasance mutum mai neman kawo sauyi, lamarin da ya sa ya yi ƙaurin suna tsakanin malamai da sarakuna har ma da turawan mulkin mallaka. A cikin littafinsa na Manufata, Gumi ya tuno yadda ya ƙalubalanci malaman addinin Musulunci waɗanda suke yin addini "yadda suka ga dama". Gumi ya ce "Sufanci ya zamo jiki a tsakanin al'umma ta yadda babu wanda ya damu ya binciki ko ya yi daidai da koyawar al-Ƙur'ani da hadisan annabi Muhammad". Irin wannan yunƙuri nasa ya fara jan hankali ne a lokacin da yake koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru a shekarar 1949. A lokacin ya fahimci yadda malaman addini da kuma sauran al'umma ke cakuɗa ibada da al'adu ko wasu abubuwa na daban. Limamin Juma'a na Maru a wancan lokaci ya kasance yana yin taimama domin yin sallah a maimakon alwala da ruwa, duk kuwa da wadatuwar ruwan da kuma rashin wata hujja ta yin taimamar. Bayan yunƙurin da ya yi na faɗakar da limamin game da 'haramcin' hakan, amma abin ya ci tura, Gumi ya hana ɗalibansa halartar sallar Juma'a a babban masallacin Maru, inda ya riƙa jan su sallah a cikin makaranta. A matsayin martani, sarkin Maru ya rubuta takardar ƙorafi kan Abubakar Gumi zuwa ga fadar sarkin Musulmi da kuma hukumomi turawan mulkin mallaka. Sai dai a ƙarshe Abubakar Gumi ne ya yi nasara ta hanyar gabatar da hujjoji masu ƙarfi da suka tabbatar da koyarwarsa. A game da turawan mulkin mallaka, Gumi ya ce "Idan na tuna ɓarnar da mulkin mallakar Birtaniya ya yi a ƙasarmu, nakan riƙa mamakin yadda mutanenmu suka kwashe tsawon shekaru ba tare da sun fahimci hakan ba. "Hatta a tsakanin masu iliminmu, ƙalilan ne suke tsayawa su fahimci yadda mulkin mallaka ya illa ga tunaninmu".<ref>bbc</ref> == Littafin da ya yamutsa hazo == Littafin da Abubakar Gumi ya rubuta a shekara ta 1972 mai taken 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha bi-Muwafaqat al-Shar'i' ya haifar da zazzafar muhawara tsakanin Musulman arewacin Najeriya sanadiyyar kakkausar sukar da littafin ya yi kan wasu ayyuka na masu bin akidar sufanci. A wannan lokaci kusan ɗaukacin Musulman Najeriya na bin tsari ne na ɗariƙa, wadda ta samo asali daga koyarwa irin ta sufanci. Da farko Abubakar Gumi ya ce ya rubuta littafin ne domin amfanin masu ilimi, kasancewar koyarwar littafin zai yi tsaurin fahimta ga mabiya, waɗanda iliminsu bai yi nisa ba. Sai dai a lokacin da ya tafi Saudiyya, sai Mallam Isma'ila Idris ya ɗauki littafin ya yi wa'azi da shi a birnin Kaduna, wani abu da ya haifar da ruɗani, abin da ya kai ga dole sai da ya ajiye aikinsa na gwamnati a matsayin malami. Bayan ajiye aiki, Mallam Idris ya shiga aikin soja, inda ya yi aiki a garuruwa da dama na Najeriya, kafin mayar da shi garin Jos, kuma duk inda ya je ya riƙa koyar da karatu ta hanyar amfani da littafin Sheikh Gumi na 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha'. Wannan ne ya haifar da ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar Izalatil Bidi'a wa iƙamatussunnah a birnin Jos. Da'awar Gumi na kira ga Musulmi su yi aiki da karantarwar al-Ƙur'ani da kuma Hadisan Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) kawai, wani abu da ake ganin ya kawo gagarumin sauyi a yadda ake tafiyar da ibada a Najeriya da wasu ƙasashen da ke maƙwaftaka a lokacin.<ref>bbc</ref> == Wane ne Abubakar Gumi? == An haifi Abubakar Mahmud Gumi ne ranar Juma'a 7 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1924, wadda ita ce Juma'a ta ƙarshe ta watan Ramadan na shekara ta 1344 bayan hijira, kamar yadda malamin ya bayyana a cikin litattafinsa. Shahararren malamin addinin Musulunci ne kuma masanin shari'a, wanda ya kai har matsayin Alkalin Alkalai (Grand kadi) na arewacin Najeriya. Ya fara samun ilimi ne a wajen mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi. Sunan mahaifinsa Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, wanda ake kiransa da Na-Gumi, saboda zaman da ya yi a garin Gumi bayan zama a wurare daban-daban na ƙasar Hausa, kamar Katsina, Borno da Dutse. Mahaifin Abubakar Gumi ya kasance babban malamin addinin Musulunci da shari'a, kuma ɗaya daga cikin malamai da aka fi girmamawa a yankin Sokoto da Zamfara da kuma Kebbi a zamaninsa. Kakan mahaifin Abubakar Gumi shi ne Sheikh Aliyu Barou el-Badawi, wanda ya fito daga ƙabilar Larabawa ta Bedouin, waɗanda aka sani da kiwo a yankin Larabawa da arewacin nahiyar Afirka. Babu cikakken bayani kan yadda ya isa yankin Sokoto, amma dai ana ganin zuwan sa ba ya rasa nasaba da ziyarar da Larabawa suka riƙa yi zuwa ƙasar Hausa bayan ƙarni na 15, lokacin da Musulunci ya samu karɓuwa a ƙasar Hausa. Sunan mahaifiyar Abubakar Gumi Hafsatu, ɗiyar Malam Adamu, wadda mahaifinsa ya aura lokacin da yake koyarwa a Jega.<ref>bbc</ref> == Karatu == Abubakar Gumi ya fara karatunsa ne a hannun mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, inda ya haddace al-Ƙur'ani sannan kuma ya yi karatun litattafai da dama. Bayan nan a shekara ta 1933 ya shiga makarantar boko ta Dogon Daji Elementary School, inda daga baya aka mayar da shi makarantar Middle da ke Sokoto a shekara ta 1936. Daga nan ne ya tafi makarantar ilimin shari'a ta Kano. Sannan a shekara ta 1952 ya zurfafa karatu a makarantar koyar da Larabci ta Kano. Daga nan ne kuma ya yi karatun babbar difloma a cibiyar ilimi ta Bakht al-Rida da ke Sudan daga shekarar 1955 zuwa 1956. A shekarar 1987, Gumi ya lashe kyautar Sarki Faisal kan hidima ga addinin Muslunci. Daga cikin abubuwan da suka sa ya cancanci lambar girmamawar su ne wa'azi da kuma koyar da addinin Musulunci, taimakawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam da fassara alƙur'ani zuwa harshen Hausa da kuma rubuta litattafai na addinin Musulunci.<ref>bbc</ref> == Ayyukan ilimi == Abubakar Gumi ya yi gagarumar hidima ta hanyar rubuce-rubuce da kuma fassarar litattafai na addini.<ref>Bbc</ref> Litattafan da ya rubuta waɗanda suka fi yin fice sun haɗa da:<ref>Bbc</ref> * Tafsirin Al-ƙur'ani na '''Rad al-Azhan ila Ma'ani al-Qur`an''' * Al-Aqidah al-Sahiha bi Muwafaqat al-Shari'a * Kitab al-Nasihaila Amir MantiqatKatsina * Manufata / Where I Stand * Hal al-Niza` fi Mas´alatNuzul Isa alaih al-Salatwa al-Salam * Musulunchi da Abinda ke Rushe Shi * Zad al-Haj * Kitab Maratib al-Islam * Kitab Manasik al-hajwa al-Umra '''Fassara:''' * Fassarar ma'anonin al-Ƙur'ani mai girma * Fassarar Hadisai Arba'in (al-Nawawi) * Fassarar littafin Nur al-Bab * Fassarar littafin Hidayat al-Tullab fiAhamMasail al-Din == Rasuwa == Sheikh Abubakar Mahmoud Gumi ya rasu ne a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1992, a birnin Landan na ƙasar Birtaniya. A lokacin da ya rasu, al'umma sun girgiza kasancerwar sa mutumin da ya samu karɓuwa a tsakanin shugabanni da masu sarauta da kuma sauran al'umma. Gumi ya kasance malami, alƙali kuma tsani tsakanin shugabanni da talakawa. Baya ga batun addini, Sheikh Gumi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ɓangaren mulki da kuma ayyukan gwamnati. Ya kasance mai kusanci sosai ga masu mulki, sannan ya riƙa ƙarfafa wa al'ummar arewacin Najeriya, musamman Musulmai gwiwa wajen shiga ayyukan gwamnati da karatun zamani. Tsarin koyarwarsa ya sha bamban, inda ake yaba masa wajen haƙuri tare da ƙoƙarin ganin al'umma sun fahimci abin da yake koyarwa.<ref>bbc</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gumi, Abubakar Mahmud}} 6kibxrtd2ce0859j1a9r9qrh7ui9212 829830 829829 2026-05-05T04:45:49Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829830 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Sultan Bello Mosque 05.jpg|thumb|Masallacin [[Masallacin Sarkin Musulmi Bello|Sultan Bello]] dake Kaduna inda Malam Abubakar Gummi ya yi limanci tare da gabatar da wa'azinsa.]] [[File:Abubakar Mahmoud Gummi.jpg|thumb|Malam Abubakar Gummi]] '''Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi''' (an haife shi a shekara 1962 –zuwa shekarar 1992)<ref name="HunwickO'Fahey1994">{{cite book|author1=John O. Hunwick|author2=Rex Séan O'Fahey|title=Arabic Literature of Africa: The writings of central Sudanic Africa Vol.2. Volume 13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nKXOThUEpcC&pg=PA551dq=Abubakar+Gummi+1922|year=1994|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-10494-1|page=551}}</ref> malamin Addinin Musulunci ne ɗan Najeriya kuma alƙalin alƙalai na yankin [[Arewacin Najeriya]], matsayin da ya sanya shi ya zama cibiyar tafsirin tsarin shari’a a yankin. Ya kasance na kusa da [[Ahmadu Bello]], Firimiyan Arewa a shekarun alif 1950 zuwa 1960 kuma ya zama Grand Khadi a shekara ta 1967, Kafin a soke wannan mukamin daga baya. Gummi ya fito a matsayin shugaba mai faɗa a ji a lokacin mulkin mallaka, inda yake ganin tsarin mulkin kai tsaye ya raunana ƙarfin addini na sarakuna da kuma ƙarfafa Turawan Yamma. Tun daga shekarun alif 1960 ne ake samun rigingimu tsakanin jama’a tsakaninsa da shugabannin ‘yan’uwantakar Sufaye, waɗanda daga baya ya yi muhawara a shirye-shiryen talabijin a shekarun alif 1970 zuwa shekara ta alif 1980. A wannan lokacin ya ci gaba da maida hankalinsa wajen gudanar da tarukan juma'a a cikin babban masallacin Kaduna ([[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]). Ya yi amfani da zaman wajen Farfaɗo da sukar da ya ke yi wa hukumomi bisa ga ra'ayinsa na koma baya ga tsarin tushen ko kuma buƙatar rungumar aikin tsafta na Musulunci. Ya kuma yi suka da kakkausar murya kan shigar sufanci. Yana da ’ya’ya da yawa, daga ciki akwai [[Ahmad Gumi|Dr. Ahmad Abubakar Gummi]] wanda ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin malamin babban masallacin Kaduna (Sultan Bello), Dakta Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] Zariya. kuma tsohon hafsan soji ne, ya bar aikin soja, ya yi tattaki zuwa jami'ar umm al-Qura da ke [[Makkah]], ƙasar [[Saudiyya]] inda ya yi karatun digirin digirgir (PhD). Gumi mabiyin mazhabar [[malikiyya]] ne, wannan ya samo asali ne ta hanyar rubuce-rubucensa da suka haɗa da tafsirin alkur'ani (Raddul azhaan ila ma'anil kur'an). da sauran littafai kamar (hullu nizam ala nuzuul isa) da (Al-Aqidatus As-Saheehah bi muwafaqati ash- Shari'ah) da sauransu == Karatu == Ya yi karatu da rubuce-rubuce a kan addinin [[musulunci]] sosai, ya fassara [[Qur'an|Qur'ani]] zuwa [[Hausa|harshen Hausa]], kuma shi ne mutum na farko daya rubuta tarjama wato fassarar ɗai-ɗaikun ayoyin dake Alkur'ani.<ref>John N. Paden, Muslim Civic Cultures and Conflict Resolution: the challenge of democratic federalism in Nigeria, Brookings Institution Press, 2005. p 60. ISBN 0-8157-6817-6</ref> Hakan ne ya sa ya samu nasarar samun kyautar Sarki Faisal(King Faisal Award), daga ƙasar saudiya. Malamin dai ya kasance babban aboki kuma mai ba wa Firimiya [[Ahmadu Bello]] sardaunan Sakkwato shawara. Shi ne mahaifin Dakta Shaykh [[Ahmad Gumi]]. == Shahara == Gumi ya shahara tun lokacin mulkin mallakar Turawa a matsayin mai faɗa a ji, yana sukar salon Mulkin [[Turawa]], cewa ya karya lagon sarakunan Musulmi kuma hakan yana Ƙara karfafa al'adun Turai a ƙasashen musulunci. A farkon shekara ta 1960 an samu barkewar rikici tsakanin sa da malaman sufaye wanda daga baya rikicin ya koma muhawara a gidajen rediyo da talabijin a shekarun 1970 zuwa shekara ta 1980.<ref>The Independent: "Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi" by Karl Maier 16 September 1992</ref> Ya riƙa amfani da ranakun Juma'a a matsayin lokutan yada akidunsa a babban masallacin Juma'a na [[Kaduna]] mai suna [[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]. == Dangi == Abubakar Gumi ba a san takamaiman yawan yayansa ba, amma mafi shahara a cikinsu shi ne Dr. [[Ahmad Gumi]] Wanda shi ne ya gaji Mahaifinsa a matsayin mai gabatar da wa'azi a masallacin na Sultan Bello dake Kaduna. Dr Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke [[Zariya]]. Kuma tsohon jami'in sojin Nijeriya ne, ya bar aikin soja inda ya tafi zuwa ƙasar Saudiyya domin karanta ilimin fikihu, a jami'ar [[Ummul Quraa]] da ke birnin [[Makkah|Makka]] inda ya samu shaidar digirin digir-gir.<ref>John Owen Hunwick. Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan, Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. ISBN 0-8101-1037-7</ref> [[File:Nigerian Public Domain 105.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Abubakar Gumi a shekarar 1970.]] == Tarihi == === Rayuwar farko da ilimi === An haifi Gumi a kauyen Gummi (yanzu karamar hukuma ce a jihar Zamfara ) a ranar Juma'ar karshe na watan Ramadan shekara ta 1344, ga iyalan Mahmud, malamin addinin Musulunci kuma Alkali (alkali) na Gummi. Iliminsa ya fara ne a bangon danginsa lokacin yana dalibin koyarwar addinin musulunci na mahaifinsa. Daga nan ya wuce makarantar da ke karkashin kulawar wani Malami mai suna Musa da ke Ambursa a lardin Sakkwato . A nan aka gabatar da shi ilimin Fiqhu da karanta littafai da waqoqin yabo ga Annabi. Makarantar boko ta farko da ya yi ita ce makarantar firamare ta Dogondaji, yayin da a makarantar firamare ya hadu da Sarkin Musulmi na 18 a nan gaba, Ibrahim Dasuki, kuma ya yi fice a harkokin addini. An nada shi Hakimin Salla (shugaban sallah) kuma an dora masa alhakin ciyar da dalibai ayyukan addini. A cikin shekara guda aka mayar da shi Makarantar Midil ta Sakkwato, inda Ahmadu Bello yake koyarwa. A nan ne ya saba da Shehu Shagari, da Waziri Muhammadu Junaidu, da Yahaya Gusau; na baya-bayan nan shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam, wata fitacciyar kungiyar Musulmi ta Najeriya . Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na secondary ya tafi [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] inda ya karanta fannin shari'a sannan ya samu horon Qadi . Ya fara aiki a matsayin magatakarda ga Qadi Attahiru amma ba da jimawa ba ya rasa nasaba da takamaiman aikinsa. Ya ba da darussa na sirri kan Musulunci da [[tafsiri]] a matsayin kubuta daga bacin ransa. Ya rasa mahaifinsa a shekara ta 1937 a lokacin da yake makarantar sakandare. Ya yi aure bayan shekara 3 da Maryama a shekarar 1941 yana dan shekara 19. <ref name="IndependentObit">{{Cite web |date=1992-09-15 |title=Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sheikh-abubakar-mahmud-gumi-1551628.html |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> === Farkon aiki === A shekarar 1947 Abubakar Gumi ya bar aikin sakatare na Qadi Attahiru ya tafi koyarwa a makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta Kano, wadda ya taba halarta a baya. A lokacin da yake Kano, ya hadu da Sheik Sa'id Hayatu, dan shugaban Mahdiyya na karni na 19, Hayatu ibn Sa'id, kuma wani mutum da ake ganin yana daya daga cikin fitattun wadanda mulkin mallaka ya rutsa da su. Shi ne shugaban kungiyar Mahdiyya, kuma ya dawo daga zaman tilas a kasar Kamaru . Abubakar ya shaku da koyarwar harkar Mahdiyya, a takaice ya zama mabiyi; Daga baya ya auri diyar Hayatu, Maryam. Duk da haka, ta rasu bayan ta haifi ɗa namiji. Dan Abubakar Gumi na farko ba Ahmad Abubakar ba ne, Dr Hamza Abubakar likita ne da ke aiki a yanzu haka a birnin Riyadh na kasar Saudiyya, sai kuma Manjo Janar Abdulkadir Abubakar (rtd) da kuma yaya mata biyu – daya ya auri marigayi Mai shari’a Muhammadu Bello, tsohon alkalin alkalai na tarayya, dayan kuma ta auri Sheik Sunusi Gumbi, sanannen malamin addinin musulunci kuma dalibin Abubakar Gumi. A 1949 Gumi ya sami aikin koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru, Sakkwato. Makarantar tana da wani shahararren malami mai suna [[Aminu Kano]], wanda shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar malamai ta Arewa kuma mai kula da wasu ‘yan [[Makarantar Islamiyya|makarantun musulmi]] . Aminu da Gumi sun yi cudanya tare da raba ra’ayoyi kan tasirin al’ummar gargajiya da addinin Musulunci, da kuma halin ko in kula ko goyon bayan da ‘yan’uwan Sufaye suke ba wa halin da ake ciki na [[Bida|Bidi’a]] . Ya bar Maru ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar koyon Larabci da ke Kano. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya zama malami na tsawon shekaru biyu a makarantar. Ya kuma halarci makarantar ilimi a Sudan. <ref name="Hunwick">John Owen Hunwick. ''Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan'', Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. {{ISBN|0-8101-1037-7}}</ref> A 1957 ya zama mai fassara ga gwamnatin Arewacin Najeriya kan al'amuran [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] . == Rikici == Abubakar Gumi yana da ra'ayi game da tsarin mulki da na addini na jami'an masarautu a Arewacin Najeriya. Rikicin akidarsa na farko da hukumomi shine a Maru. Rikici ya shafi aikin Tayamum . Babban Limamin Masallacin Maru ya kasance yana yin wanka da yashi (Tayammum) gabanin Sallah yayin da Gumi ya yi nuni da cewa Tayammu ana amfani da ita ne kawai idan ba a samu ruwa ba, kuma ana samun ruwa sosai a Maru . Gumi ya ci gaba da kalubalantar wannan al’ada, inda ya nemi dalibai da kada su fito don yin Sallah har sai Imam ya fasa yin Taimiyya. Sai dai Gumi wanda a baya ya rubuta kakkausar murya kan Sarkin Musulmi, yanzu ya samu Sarkin Musulmi yana sha’awar kokensa da babban limamin Maru. An kafa kwamitin bincike kan lamarin tare da goyon bayan Sarkin Musulmi. Sai dai da yake Gumi ya fi sanin aqidar Musulunci, haka nan kuma basirarsa ta gardama, sai hukumar ta yanke hukunci a kan Gumi. [1] Bayan samun nasara kadan a kan Sarkin Musulmi, Gumi ya yi amfani da hankalin da ya samu ta hanyar rubuta wata kasida mai mahimmanci a kan batun Musulmi, musamman Sarkin Musulmi, ya karbi mukaman Ingila . A lokacin, sannu a hankali ya fara ƙalubalantar imani da halaye na ayyuka a tsakanin al'ummar musulmi. [ abubuwan da ake bukata ] Wani harin da Gumi ya kai shi ne kungiyar [[Ahmadiyya]] karkashin jagorancin [[Jibril Martin]] . Yunkurin ya kasance manufa mai sauƙi ga Gumi, saboda wasu ra'ayoyin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar sun yi hannun riga da ainihin akidar Musulunci, kamar yadda wanda ya kafa ya sanya kansa a matsayin annabci . Daga baya Gumi ya fara fargabar wannan harkar ne sakamakon kwarewar tsarin kungiya na wanda ya assasa Najeriya, a hankali kungiyar ta shiga cikin hukumar alhazai ta yammacin Najeriya, sannan ta kafa makarantun almajirai a Kudu sannan kuma ya tashi zuwa arewa wajen yada manufofin Ahmadiyya. Gumi ya dauki wannan kalubale cikin sauki sannan aka dakile manufar kungiyar ta arewa. == Bayyanarshi a Kafafen yaɗa labarai == Sheik Gumi ya yi hajjin sa na farko zuwa Makka a shekarar 1955 kuma Ahmadu Bello ne ya hada shi da shi. Yayin da yake Makka ya yi tafsirin ayyukan addinin Musulunci tare da Bello da Sarki Sa'ud. Ya kuma sadu da dimbin al'ummar al'ummar musulmi ko kuma al'ummar musulmi a kasar Saudiyya, wadanda da yawa daga baya suka zama masu kyautata masa bayan rasuwar Ahmadu Bello a shekarar 1966. Da ya dawo Najeriya ya fara koyarwa a Makarantar Koyon Larabci da ke Kano da kuma wasu Makarantun Musulmi da kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam (JNI) ta kafa wacce ke kusa da birnin Kaduna. Babban bangare na koyarwarsa ya mayar da hankali kan bambance-bambancen al'ada da addini, da yadda za a fahimta da kuma rungumar asalin Musulunci. Ya kuma rubuta tafsirin kur'ani wanda akasari a kan sunna, ya kuma fassara kur'ani daga Larabci zuwa Hausa . Wannan tsari ya kai ga yada Littafi Mai Tsarki ga dimbin jama’ar Arewacin Najeriya, kuma ra’ayoyinsa da sakonsa kan muhimman koyarwar Musulunci sun fara samun dimbin masu sauraro. [1] Sai dai adawar da ya yi da manyan 'yan uwantakar Sufaye kamar Tijjaniyya da Qadiriyya ta jawo masa suka a kai a kai, kuma wasu daga cikin musulmi suka rika kai masa hari kan tafsirinsa; ya kan amsa da cewa su ci gaba da yin tafsirin nasu, idan ba sa son nasa. [1] A shekarun 1970 ya zama mai yawan fitowa a shirye-shiryen talabijin, musamman a lokutan bukukuwan Musulunci. "Lokacin da muka je wurin jifan shaiɗan (Jamra) sa'ilin aikin Hajji, sai mutanenmu suka riƙa yin wasu abubuwa marasa ma'ana. "Wasu suka riƙa nemo manyan duwatsu, wasu kuma suka riƙa cire takalmansu suna jifan jamrah, suna zage-zage da furta munanan kalamai, da sunan jifan shaiɗan." Wannan na daga cikin abubuwan da suka sanya Sheikh Abubakar Gumi ya yi yunƙuri a hukumance na sake faɗakar da mabiya addinin Musulunci a Najeriya yadda ake yin addini, bayan sanar da Firimiyan arewa na farko Ahmadu Bello, kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗaliban marigayin, Sheikh Yusuf Sambo Rigachikun ya tabbatar wa BBC. Wannan yunƙuri ya haifar da kafa wasu ƙungiyoyi guda biyu waɗanda suka jagoranci tafiyar da lamurran addinin Musulunci a Najeriya - Jama'atu Nasril Islam, sai kuma daga baya Jama'atu Izalatil Bidi'a wa Iqamatussunnah - lamarin da ya yi tasiri kan miliyoyin mabiya addinin a Najeriya. Shekara 33 bayan rasuwarsa, miliyoyin Musulmai a Najeriya na ci gaba da bin koyarwarsa, sannan ƙungiyoyin da ya jagoranci kafawa ne a gaba-gaba wajen yaɗawa da kuma tafiyar da al'amuran Musulunci a ƙasar. Baya ga Shehu Usman Danfodiyo, wanda ya yi jihadin sake ɗabbaƙa addinin Musulunci a ƙasar Hausa a farkon shekarun 1800, ana ganin cewa babu wani malami da koyarsa ta Musulunci ta yi tasiri a Najeriya kamar Abubakar Gumi. Wasu masana addini ma na ganin tasirin da Gumi ya yi "ta fi" ta Usman Danfodio, kasancewar a lokacinsa akwai hanyoyin sadarwa irin su talabijin da rediyo da hanyar wallafa litattafai da jaridu, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen yaɗa ayyukansa a ƙasar Hausa da maƙwafta. <ref>Bbc</ref> == Kawo sauyi == Tun kafin yunƙurin samar da ƙungiyoyin sake ilimantar da Musulman Najeriya kan ibada, Abubakar Gumi ya kasance mutum mai neman kawo sauyi, lamarin da ya sa ya yi ƙaurin suna tsakanin malamai da sarakuna har ma da turawan mulkin mallaka. A cikin littafinsa na Manufata, Gumi ya tuno yadda ya ƙalubalanci malaman addinin Musulunci waɗanda suke yin addini "yadda suka ga dama". Gumi ya ce "Sufanci ya zamo jiki a tsakanin al'umma ta yadda babu wanda ya damu ya binciki ko ya yi daidai da koyawar al-Ƙur'ani da hadisan annabi Muhammad". Irin wannan yunƙuri nasa ya fara jan hankali ne a lokacin da yake koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru a shekarar 1949. A lokacin ya fahimci yadda malaman addini da kuma sauran al'umma ke cakuɗa ibada da al'adu ko wasu abubuwa na daban. Limamin Juma'a na Maru a wancan lokaci ya kasance yana yin taimama domin yin sallah a maimakon alwala da ruwa, duk kuwa da wadatuwar ruwan da kuma rashin wata hujja ta yin taimamar. Bayan yunƙurin da ya yi na faɗakar da limamin game da 'haramcin' hakan, amma abin ya ci tura, Gumi ya hana ɗalibansa halartar sallar Juma'a a babban masallacin Maru, inda ya riƙa jan su sallah a cikin makaranta. A matsayin martani, sarkin Maru ya rubuta takardar ƙorafi kan Abubakar Gumi zuwa ga fadar sarkin Musulmi da kuma hukumomi turawan mulkin mallaka. Sai dai a ƙarshe Abubakar Gumi ne ya yi nasara ta hanyar gabatar da hujjoji masu ƙarfi da suka tabbatar da koyarwarsa. A game da turawan mulkin mallaka, Gumi ya ce "Idan na tuna ɓarnar da mulkin mallakar Birtaniya ya yi a ƙasarmu, nakan riƙa mamakin yadda mutanenmu suka kwashe tsawon shekaru ba tare da sun fahimci hakan ba. "Hatta a tsakanin masu iliminmu, ƙalilan ne suke tsayawa su fahimci yadda mulkin mallaka ya illa ga tunaninmu".<ref>bbc</ref> == Littafin da ya yamutsa hazo == Littafin da Abubakar Gumi ya rubuta a shekara ta 1972 mai taken 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha bi-Muwafaqat al-Shar'i' ya haifar da zazzafar muhawara tsakanin Musulman arewacin Najeriya sanadiyyar kakkausar sukar da littafin ya yi kan wasu ayyuka na masu bin akidar sufanci. A wannan lokaci kusan ɗaukacin Musulman Najeriya na bin tsari ne na ɗariƙa, wadda ta samo asali daga koyarwa irin ta sufanci. Da farko Abubakar Gumi ya ce ya rubuta littafin ne domin amfanin masu ilimi, kasancewar koyarwar littafin zai yi tsaurin fahimta ga mabiya, waɗanda iliminsu bai yi nisa ba. Sai dai a lokacin da ya tafi Saudiyya, sai Mallam Isma'ila Idris ya ɗauki littafin ya yi wa'azi da shi a birnin Kaduna, wani abu da ya haifar da ruɗani, abin da ya kai ga dole sai da ya ajiye aikinsa na gwamnati a matsayin malami. Bayan ajiye aiki, Mallam Idris ya shiga aikin soja, inda ya yi aiki a garuruwa da dama na Najeriya, kafin mayar da shi garin Jos, kuma duk inda ya je ya riƙa koyar da karatu ta hanyar amfani da littafin Sheikh Gumi na 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha'. Wannan ne ya haifar da ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar Izalatil Bidi'a wa iƙamatussunnah a birnin Jos. Da'awar Gumi na kira ga Musulmi su yi aiki da karantarwar al-Ƙur'ani da kuma Hadisan Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) kawai, wani abu da ake ganin ya kawo gagarumin sauyi a yadda ake tafiyar da ibada a Najeriya da wasu ƙasashen da ke maƙwaftaka a lokacin.<ref>bbc</ref> == Wane ne Abubakar Gumi? == An haifi Abubakar Mahmud Gumi ne ranar Juma'a 7 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1924, wadda ita ce Juma'a ta ƙarshe ta watan Ramadan na shekara ta 1344 bayan hijira, kamar yadda malamin ya bayyana a cikin litattafinsa. Shahararren malamin addinin Musulunci ne kuma masanin shari'a, wanda ya kai har matsayin Alkalin Alkalai (Grand kadi) na arewacin Najeriya. Ya fara samun ilimi ne a wajen mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi. Sunan mahaifinsa Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, wanda ake kiransa da Na-Gumi, saboda zaman da ya yi a garin Gumi bayan zama a wurare daban-daban na ƙasar Hausa, kamar Katsina, Borno da Dutse. Mahaifin Abubakar Gumi ya kasance babban malamin addinin Musulunci da shari'a, kuma ɗaya daga cikin malamai da aka fi girmamawa a yankin Sokoto da Zamfara da kuma Kebbi a zamaninsa. Kakan mahaifin Abubakar Gumi shi ne Sheikh Aliyu Barou el-Badawi, wanda ya fito daga ƙabilar Larabawa ta Bedouin, waɗanda aka sani da kiwo a yankin Larabawa da arewacin nahiyar Afirka. Babu cikakken bayani kan yadda ya isa yankin Sokoto, amma dai ana ganin zuwan sa ba ya rasa nasaba da ziyarar da Larabawa suka riƙa yi zuwa ƙasar Hausa bayan ƙarni na 15, lokacin da Musulunci ya samu karɓuwa a ƙasar Hausa. Sunan mahaifiyar Abubakar Gumi Hafsatu, ɗiyar Malam Adamu, wadda mahaifinsa ya aura lokacin da yake koyarwa a Jega.<ref>bbc</ref> == Karatu == Abubakar Gumi ya fara karatunsa ne a hannun mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, inda ya haddace al-Ƙur'ani sannan kuma ya yi karatun litattafai da dama. Bayan nan a shekara ta 1933 ya shiga makarantar boko ta Dogon Daji Elementary School, inda daga baya aka mayar da shi makarantar Middle da ke Sokoto a shekara ta 1936. Daga nan ne ya tafi makarantar ilimin shari'a ta Kano. Sannan a shekara ta 1952 ya zurfafa karatu a makarantar koyar da Larabci ta Kano. Daga nan ne kuma ya yi karatun babbar difloma a cibiyar ilimi ta Bakht al-Rida da ke Sudan daga shekarar 1955 zuwa 1956. A shekarar 1987, Gumi ya lashe kyautar Sarki Faisal kan hidima ga addinin Muslunci. Daga cikin abubuwan da suka sa ya cancanci lambar girmamawar su ne wa'azi da kuma koyar da addinin Musulunci, taimakawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam da fassara alƙur'ani zuwa harshen Hausa da kuma rubuta litattafai na addinin Musulunci.<ref>bbc</ref> == Ayyukan ilimi == Abubakar Gumi ya yi gagarumar hidima ta hanyar rubuce-rubuce da kuma fassarar litattafai na addini.<ref>Bbc</ref> Litattafan da ya rubuta waɗanda suka fi yin fice sun haɗa da:<ref>Bbc</ref> * Tafsirin Al-ƙur'ani na '''Rad al-Azhan ila Ma'ani al-Qur`an''' * Al-Aqidah al-Sahiha bi Muwafaqat al-Shari'a * Kitab al-Nasihaila Amir MantiqatKatsina * Manufata / Where I Stand * Hal al-Niza` fi Mas´alatNuzul Isa alaih al-Salatwa al-Salam * Musulunchi da Abinda ke Rushe Shi * Zad al-Haj * Kitab Maratib al-Islam * Kitab Manasik al-hajwa al-Umra '''Fassara:''' * Fassarar ma'anonin al-Ƙur'ani mai girma * Fassarar Hadisai Arba'in (al-Nawawi) * Fassarar littafin Nur al-Bab * Fassarar littafin Hidayat al-Tullab fiAhamMasail al-Din == Rasuwa == Sheikh Abubakar Mahmoud Gumi ya rasu ne a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1992, a birnin Landan na ƙasar Birtaniya. A lokacin da ya rasu, al'umma sun girgiza kasancerwar sa mutumin da ya samu karɓuwa a tsakanin shugabanni da masu sarauta da kuma sauran al'umma. Gumi ya kasance malami, alƙali kuma tsani tsakanin shugabanni da talakawa. Baya ga batun addini, Sheikh Gumi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ɓangaren mulki da kuma ayyukan gwamnati. Ya kasance mai kusanci sosai ga masu mulki, sannan ya riƙa ƙarfafa wa al'ummar arewacin Najeriya, musamman Musulmai gwiwa wajen shiga ayyukan gwamnati da karatun zamani. Tsarin koyarwarsa ya sha bamban, inda ake yaba masa wajen haƙuri tare da ƙoƙarin ganin al'umma sun fahimci abin da yake koyarwa.<ref>bbc</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gumi, Abubakar Mahmud}} 8c5qf777q5cut815m6pvoks7ziijw6a 829831 829830 2026-05-05T04:47:12Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829831 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Sultan Bello Mosque 05.jpg|thumb|Masallacin [[Masallacin Sarkin Musulmi Bello|Sultan Bello]] dake Kaduna inda Malam Abubakar Gummi ya yi limanci tare da gabatar da wa'azinsa.]] [[File:Abubakar Mahmoud Gummi.jpg|thumb|Malam Abubakar Gummi]] '''Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi''' (an haife shi a shekara 1962 –zuwa shekarar 1992)<ref name="HunwickO'Fahey1994">{{cite book|author1=John O. Hunwick|author2=Rex Séan O'Fahey|title=Arabic Literature of Africa: The writings of central Sudanic Africa Vol.2. Volume 13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nKXOThUEpcC&pg=PA551dq=Abubakar+Gummi+1922|year=1994|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-10494-1|page=551}}</ref> malamin Addinin Musulunci ne ɗan Najeriya kuma alƙalin alƙalai na yankin [[Arewacin Najeriya]], matsayin da ya sanya shi ya zama cibiyar tafsirin tsarin shari’a a yankin. Ya kasance na kusa da [[Ahmadu Bello]], Firimiyan Arewa a shekarun alif 1950 zuwa 1960 kuma ya zama Grand Khadi a shekara ta 1967, Kafin a soke wannan mukamin daga baya. Gummi ya fito a matsayin shugaba mai faɗa a ji a lokacin mulkin mallaka, inda yake ganin tsarin mulkin kai tsaye ya raunana ƙarfin addini na sarakuna da kuma ƙarfafa Turawan Yamma. Tun daga shekarun alif 1960 ne ake samun rigingimu tsakanin jama’a tsakaninsa da shugabannin ‘yan’uwantakar Sufaye, waɗanda daga baya ya yi muhawara a shirye-shiryen talabijin a shekarun alif 1970 zuwa shekara ta alif 1980. A wannan lokacin ya ci gaba da maida hankalinsa wajen gudanar da tarukan juma'a a cikin babban masallacin Kaduna ([[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]). Ya yi amfani da zaman wajen Farfaɗo da sukar da ya ke yi wa hukumomi bisa ga ra'ayinsa na koma baya ga tsarin tushen ko kuma buƙatar rungumar aikin tsafta na Musulunci. Ya kuma yi suka da kakkausar murya kan shigar sufanci. Yana da ’ya’ya da yawa, daga ciki akwai [[Ahmad Gumi|Dr. Ahmad Abubakar Gummi]] wanda ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin malamin babban masallacin Kaduna (Sultan Bello), Dakta Ahmad Gummi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] Zariya. kuma tsohon hafsan soji ne, ya bar aikin soja, ya yi tattaki zuwa jami'ar umm al-Qura da ke [[Makkah]], ƙasar [[Saudiyya]] inda ya yi karatun digirin digirgir (PhD). Gumi mabiyin mazhabar [[malikiyya]] ne, wannan ya samo asali ne ta hanyar rubuce-rubucensa da suka haɗa da tafsirin alkur'ani (Raddul azhaan ila ma'anil kur'an). da sauran littafai kamar (hullu nizam ala nuzuul isa) da (Al-Aqidatus As-Saheehah bi muwafaqati ash- Shari'ah) da sauransu == Karatu == Ya yi karatu da rubuce-rubuce a kan addinin [[musulunci]] sosai, ya fassara [[Qur'an|Qur'ani]] zuwa [[Hausa|harshen Hausa]], kuma shi ne mutum na farko daya rubuta tarjama wato fassarar ɗai-ɗaikun ayoyin dake Alkur'ani.<ref>John N. Paden, Muslim Civic Cultures and Conflict Resolution: the challenge of democratic federalism in Nigeria, Brookings Institution Press, 2005. p 60. ISBN 0-8157-6817-6</ref> Hakan ne ya sa ya samu nasarar samun kyautar Sarki Faisal(King Faisal Award), daga ƙasar saudiya. Malamin dai ya kasance babban aboki kuma mai ba wa Firimiya [[Ahmadu Bello]] sardaunan Sakkwato shawara. Shi ne mahaifin Dakta Shaykh [[Ahmad Gumi]]. == Shahara == Gumi ya shahara tun lokacin mulkin mallakar Turawa a matsayin mai faɗa a ji, yana sukar salon Mulkin [[Turawa]], cewa ya karya lagon sarakunan Musulmi kuma hakan yana Ƙara karfafa al'adun Turai a ƙasashen musulunci. A farkon shekara ta 1960 an samu barkewar rikici tsakanin sa da malaman sufaye wanda daga baya rikicin ya koma muhawara a gidajen rediyo da talabijin a shekarun 1970 zuwa shekara ta 1980.<ref>The Independent: "Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi" by Karl Maier 16 September 1992</ref> Ya riƙa amfani da ranakun Juma'a a matsayin lokutan yada akidunsa a babban masallacin Juma'a na [[Kaduna]] mai suna [[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]. == Dangi == Abubakar Gumi ba a san takamaiman yawan yayansa ba, amma mafi shahara a cikinsu shi ne Dr. [[Ahmad Gumi]] Wanda shi ne ya gaji Mahaifinsa a matsayin mai gabatar da wa'azi a masallacin na Sultan Bello dake Kaduna. Dr Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke [[Zariya]]. Kuma tsohon jami'in sojin Nijeriya ne, ya bar aikin soja inda ya tafi zuwa ƙasar Saudiyya domin karanta ilimin fikihu, a jami'ar [[Ummul Quraa]] da ke birnin [[Makkah|Makka]] inda ya samu shaidar digirin digir-gir.<ref>John Owen Hunwick. Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan, Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. ISBN 0-8101-1037-7</ref> [[File:Nigerian Public Domain 105.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Abubakar Gumi a shekarar 1970.]] == Tarihi == === Rayuwar farko da ilimi === An haifi Gumi a kauyen Gummi (yanzu karamar hukuma ce a jihar Zamfara ) a ranar Juma'ar karshe na watan Ramadan shekara ta 1344, ga iyalan Mahmud, malamin addinin Musulunci kuma Alkali (alkali) na Gummi. Iliminsa ya fara ne a bangon danginsa lokacin yana dalibin koyarwar addinin musulunci na mahaifinsa. Daga nan ya wuce makarantar da ke karkashin kulawar wani Malami mai suna Musa da ke Ambursa a lardin Sakkwato . A nan aka gabatar da shi ilimin Fiqhu da karanta littafai da waqoqin yabo ga Annabi. Makarantar boko ta farko da ya yi ita ce makarantar firamare ta Dogondaji, yayin da a makarantar firamare ya hadu da Sarkin Musulmi na 18 a nan gaba, Ibrahim Dasuki, kuma ya yi fice a harkokin addini. An nada shi Hakimin Salla (shugaban sallah) kuma an dora masa alhakin ciyar da dalibai ayyukan addini. A cikin shekara guda aka mayar da shi Makarantar Midil ta Sakkwato, inda Ahmadu Bello yake koyarwa. A nan ne ya saba da Shehu Shagari, da Waziri Muhammadu Junaidu, da Yahaya Gusau; na baya-bayan nan shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam, wata fitacciyar kungiyar Musulmi ta Najeriya . Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na secondary ya tafi [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] inda ya karanta fannin shari'a sannan ya samu horon Qadi . Ya fara aiki a matsayin magatakarda ga Qadi Attahiru amma ba da jimawa ba ya rasa nasaba da takamaiman aikinsa. Ya ba da darussa na sirri kan Musulunci da [[tafsiri]] a matsayin kubuta daga bacin ransa. Ya rasa mahaifinsa a shekara ta 1937 a lokacin da yake makarantar sakandare. Ya yi aure bayan shekara 3 da Maryama a shekarar 1941 yana dan shekara 19. <ref name="IndependentObit">{{Cite web |date=1992-09-15 |title=Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sheikh-abubakar-mahmud-gumi-1551628.html |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> === Farkon aiki === A shekarar 1947 Abubakar Gumi ya bar aikin sakatare na Qadi Attahiru ya tafi koyarwa a makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta Kano, wadda ya taba halarta a baya. A lokacin da yake Kano, ya hadu da Sheik Sa'id Hayatu, dan shugaban Mahdiyya na karni na 19, Hayatu ibn Sa'id, kuma wani mutum da ake ganin yana daya daga cikin fitattun wadanda mulkin mallaka ya rutsa da su. Shi ne shugaban kungiyar Mahdiyya, kuma ya dawo daga zaman tilas a kasar Kamaru . Abubakar ya shaku da koyarwar harkar Mahdiyya, a takaice ya zama mabiyi; Daga baya ya auri diyar Hayatu, Maryam. Duk da haka, ta rasu bayan ta haifi ɗa namiji. Dan Abubakar Gumi na farko ba Ahmad Abubakar ba ne, Dr Hamza Abubakar likita ne da ke aiki a yanzu haka a birnin Riyadh na kasar Saudiyya, sai kuma Manjo Janar Abdulkadir Abubakar (rtd) da kuma yaya mata biyu – daya ya auri marigayi Mai shari’a Muhammadu Bello, tsohon alkalin alkalai na tarayya, dayan kuma ta auri Sheik Sunusi Gumbi, sanannen malamin addinin musulunci kuma dalibin Abubakar Gumi. A 1949 Gumi ya sami aikin koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru, Sakkwato. Makarantar tana da wani shahararren malami mai suna [[Aminu Kano]], wanda shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar malamai ta Arewa kuma mai kula da wasu ‘yan [[Makarantar Islamiyya|makarantun musulmi]] . Aminu da Gumi sun yi cudanya tare da raba ra’ayoyi kan tasirin al’ummar gargajiya da addinin Musulunci, da kuma halin ko in kula ko goyon bayan da ‘yan’uwan Sufaye suke ba wa halin da ake ciki na [[Bida|Bidi’a]] . Ya bar Maru ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar koyon Larabci da ke Kano. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya zama malami na tsawon shekaru biyu a makarantar. Ya kuma halarci makarantar ilimi a Sudan. <ref name="Hunwick">John Owen Hunwick. ''Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan'', Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. {{ISBN|0-8101-1037-7}}</ref> A 1957 ya zama mai fassara ga gwamnatin Arewacin Najeriya kan al'amuran [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] . == Rikici == Abubakar Gumi yana da ra'ayi game da tsarin mulki da na addini na jami'an masarautu a Arewacin Najeriya. Rikicin akidarsa na farko da hukumomi shine a Maru. Rikici ya shafi aikin Tayamum . Babban Limamin Masallacin Maru ya kasance yana yin wanka da yashi (Tayammum) gabanin Sallah yayin da Gumi ya yi nuni da cewa Tayammu ana amfani da ita ne kawai idan ba a samu ruwa ba, kuma ana samun ruwa sosai a Maru . Gumi ya ci gaba da kalubalantar wannan al’ada, inda ya nemi dalibai da kada su fito don yin Sallah har sai Imam ya fasa yin Taimiyya. Sai dai Gumi wanda a baya ya rubuta kakkausar murya kan Sarkin Musulmi, yanzu ya samu Sarkin Musulmi yana sha’awar kokensa da babban limamin Maru. An kafa kwamitin bincike kan lamarin tare da goyon bayan Sarkin Musulmi. Sai dai da yake Gumi ya fi sanin aqidar Musulunci, haka nan kuma basirarsa ta gardama, sai hukumar ta yanke hukunci a kan Gumi. [1] Bayan samun nasara kadan a kan Sarkin Musulmi, Gumi ya yi amfani da hankalin da ya samu ta hanyar rubuta wata kasida mai mahimmanci a kan batun Musulmi, musamman Sarkin Musulmi, ya karbi mukaman Ingila . A lokacin, sannu a hankali ya fara ƙalubalantar imani da halaye na ayyuka a tsakanin al'ummar musulmi. [ abubuwan da ake bukata ] Wani harin da Gumi ya kai shi ne kungiyar [[Ahmadiyya]] karkashin jagorancin [[Jibril Martin]] . Yunkurin ya kasance manufa mai sauƙi ga Gumi, saboda wasu ra'ayoyin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar sun yi hannun riga da ainihin akidar Musulunci, kamar yadda wanda ya kafa ya sanya kansa a matsayin annabci . Daga baya Gumi ya fara fargabar wannan harkar ne sakamakon kwarewar tsarin kungiya na wanda ya assasa Najeriya, a hankali kungiyar ta shiga cikin hukumar alhazai ta yammacin Najeriya, sannan ta kafa makarantun almajirai a Kudu sannan kuma ya tashi zuwa arewa wajen yada manufofin Ahmadiyya. Gumi ya dauki wannan kalubale cikin sauki sannan aka dakile manufar kungiyar ta arewa. == Bayyanarshi a Kafafen yaɗa labarai == Sheik Gumi ya yi hajjin sa na farko zuwa Makka a shekarar 1955 kuma Ahmadu Bello ne ya hada shi da shi. Yayin da yake Makka ya yi tafsirin ayyukan addinin Musulunci tare da Bello da Sarki Sa'ud. Ya kuma sadu da dimbin al'ummar al'ummar musulmi ko kuma al'ummar musulmi a kasar Saudiyya, wadanda da yawa daga baya suka zama masu kyautata masa bayan rasuwar Ahmadu Bello a shekarar 1966. Da ya dawo Najeriya ya fara koyarwa a Makarantar Koyon Larabci da ke Kano da kuma wasu Makarantun Musulmi da kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam (JNI) ta kafa wacce ke kusa da birnin Kaduna. Babban bangare na koyarwarsa ya mayar da hankali kan bambance-bambancen al'ada da addini, da yadda za a fahimta da kuma rungumar asalin Musulunci. Ya kuma rubuta tafsirin kur'ani wanda akasari a kan sunna, ya kuma fassara kur'ani daga Larabci zuwa Hausa . Wannan tsari ya kai ga yada Littafi Mai Tsarki ga dimbin jama’ar Arewacin Najeriya, kuma ra’ayoyinsa da sakonsa kan muhimman koyarwar Musulunci sun fara samun dimbin masu sauraro. [1] Sai dai adawar da ya yi da manyan 'yan uwantakar Sufaye kamar Tijjaniyya da Qadiriyya ta jawo masa suka a kai a kai, kuma wasu daga cikin musulmi suka rika kai masa hari kan tafsirinsa; ya kan amsa da cewa su ci gaba da yin tafsirin nasu, idan ba sa son nasa. [1] A shekarun 1970 ya zama mai yawan fitowa a shirye-shiryen talabijin, musamman a lokutan bukukuwan Musulunci. "Lokacin da muka je wurin jifan shaiɗan (Jamra) sa'ilin aikin Hajji, sai mutanenmu suka riƙa yin wasu abubuwa marasa ma'ana. "Wasu suka riƙa nemo manyan duwatsu, wasu kuma suka riƙa cire takalmansu suna jifan jamrah, suna zage-zage da furta munanan kalamai, da sunan jifan shaiɗan." Wannan na daga cikin abubuwan da suka sanya Sheikh Abubakar Gumi ya yi yunƙuri a hukumance na sake faɗakar da mabiya addinin Musulunci a Najeriya yadda ake yin addini, bayan sanar da Firimiyan arewa na farko Ahmadu Bello, kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗaliban marigayin, Sheikh Yusuf Sambo Rigachikun ya tabbatar wa BBC. Wannan yunƙuri ya haifar da kafa wasu ƙungiyoyi guda biyu waɗanda suka jagoranci tafiyar da lamurran addinin Musulunci a Najeriya - Jama'atu Nasril Islam, sai kuma daga baya Jama'atu Izalatil Bidi'a wa Iqamatussunnah - lamarin da ya yi tasiri kan miliyoyin mabiya addinin a Najeriya. Shekara 33 bayan rasuwarsa, miliyoyin Musulmai a Najeriya na ci gaba da bin koyarwarsa, sannan ƙungiyoyin da ya jagoranci kafawa ne a gaba-gaba wajen yaɗawa da kuma tafiyar da al'amuran Musulunci a ƙasar. Baya ga Shehu Usman Danfodiyo, wanda ya yi jihadin sake ɗabbaƙa addinin Musulunci a ƙasar Hausa a farkon shekarun 1800, ana ganin cewa babu wani malami da koyarsa ta Musulunci ta yi tasiri a Najeriya kamar Abubakar Gumi. Wasu masana addini ma na ganin tasirin da Gumi ya yi "ta fi" ta Usman Danfodio, kasancewar a lokacinsa akwai hanyoyin sadarwa irin su talabijin da rediyo da hanyar wallafa litattafai da jaridu, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen yaɗa ayyukansa a ƙasar Hausa da maƙwafta. <ref>Bbc</ref> == Kawo sauyi == Tun kafin yunƙurin samar da ƙungiyoyin sake ilimantar da Musulman Najeriya kan ibada, Abubakar Gumi ya kasance mutum mai neman kawo sauyi, lamarin da ya sa ya yi ƙaurin suna tsakanin malamai da sarakuna har ma da turawan mulkin mallaka. A cikin littafinsa na Manufata, Gumi ya tuno yadda ya ƙalubalanci malaman addinin Musulunci waɗanda suke yin addini "yadda suka ga dama". Gumi ya ce "Sufanci ya zamo jiki a tsakanin al'umma ta yadda babu wanda ya damu ya binciki ko ya yi daidai da koyawar al-Ƙur'ani da hadisan annabi Muhammad". Irin wannan yunƙuri nasa ya fara jan hankali ne a lokacin da yake koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru a shekarar 1949. A lokacin ya fahimci yadda malaman addini da kuma sauran al'umma ke cakuɗa ibada da al'adu ko wasu abubuwa na daban. Limamin Juma'a na Maru a wancan lokaci ya kasance yana yin taimama domin yin sallah a maimakon alwala da ruwa, duk kuwa da wadatuwar ruwan da kuma rashin wata hujja ta yin taimamar. Bayan yunƙurin da ya yi na faɗakar da limamin game da 'haramcin' hakan, amma abin ya ci tura, Gumi ya hana ɗalibansa halartar sallar Juma'a a babban masallacin Maru, inda ya riƙa jan su sallah a cikin makaranta. A matsayin martani, sarkin Maru ya rubuta takardar ƙorafi kan Abubakar Gumi zuwa ga fadar sarkin Musulmi da kuma hukumomi turawan mulkin mallaka. Sai dai a ƙarshe Abubakar Gumi ne ya yi nasara ta hanyar gabatar da hujjoji masu ƙarfi da suka tabbatar da koyarwarsa. A game da turawan mulkin mallaka, Gumi ya ce "Idan na tuna ɓarnar da mulkin mallakar Birtaniya ya yi a ƙasarmu, nakan riƙa mamakin yadda mutanenmu suka kwashe tsawon shekaru ba tare da sun fahimci hakan ba. "Hatta a tsakanin masu iliminmu, ƙalilan ne suke tsayawa su fahimci yadda mulkin mallaka ya illa ga tunaninmu".<ref>bbc</ref> == Littafin da ya yamutsa hazo == Littafin da Abubakar Gumi ya rubuta a shekara ta 1972 mai taken 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha bi-Muwafaqat al-Shar'i' ya haifar da zazzafar muhawara tsakanin Musulman arewacin Najeriya sanadiyyar kakkausar sukar da littafin ya yi kan wasu ayyuka na masu bin akidar sufanci. A wannan lokaci kusan ɗaukacin Musulman Najeriya na bin tsari ne na ɗariƙa, wadda ta samo asali daga koyarwa irin ta sufanci. Da farko Abubakar Gumi ya ce ya rubuta littafin ne domin amfanin masu ilimi, kasancewar koyarwar littafin zai yi tsaurin fahimta ga mabiya, waɗanda iliminsu bai yi nisa ba. Sai dai a lokacin da ya tafi Saudiyya, sai Mallam Isma'ila Idris ya ɗauki littafin ya yi wa'azi da shi a birnin Kaduna, wani abu da ya haifar da ruɗani, abin da ya kai ga dole sai da ya ajiye aikinsa na gwamnati a matsayin malami. Bayan ajiye aiki, Mallam Idris ya shiga aikin soja, inda ya yi aiki a garuruwa da dama na Najeriya, kafin mayar da shi garin Jos, kuma duk inda ya je ya riƙa koyar da karatu ta hanyar amfani da littafin Sheikh Gumi na 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha'. Wannan ne ya haifar da ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar Izalatil Bidi'a wa iƙamatussunnah a birnin Jos. Da'awar Gumi na kira ga Musulmi su yi aiki da karantarwar al-Ƙur'ani da kuma Hadisan Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) kawai, wani abu da ake ganin ya kawo gagarumin sauyi a yadda ake tafiyar da ibada a Najeriya da wasu ƙasashen da ke maƙwaftaka a lokacin.<ref>bbc</ref> == Wane ne Abubakar Gumi? == An haifi Abubakar Mahmud Gumi ne ranar Juma'a 7 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1924, wadda ita ce Juma'a ta ƙarshe ta watan Ramadan na shekara ta 1344 bayan hijira, kamar yadda malamin ya bayyana a cikin litattafinsa. Shahararren malamin addinin Musulunci ne kuma masanin shari'a, wanda ya kai har matsayin Alkalin Alkalai (Grand kadi) na arewacin Najeriya. Ya fara samun ilimi ne a wajen mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi. Sunan mahaifinsa Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, wanda ake kiransa da Na-Gumi, saboda zaman da ya yi a garin Gumi bayan zama a wurare daban-daban na ƙasar Hausa, kamar Katsina, Borno da Dutse. Mahaifin Abubakar Gumi ya kasance babban malamin addinin Musulunci da shari'a, kuma ɗaya daga cikin malamai da aka fi girmamawa a yankin Sokoto da Zamfara da kuma Kebbi a zamaninsa. Kakan mahaifin Abubakar Gumi shi ne Sheikh Aliyu Barou el-Badawi, wanda ya fito daga ƙabilar Larabawa ta Bedouin, waɗanda aka sani da kiwo a yankin Larabawa da arewacin nahiyar Afirka. Babu cikakken bayani kan yadda ya isa yankin Sokoto, amma dai ana ganin zuwan sa ba ya rasa nasaba da ziyarar da Larabawa suka riƙa yi zuwa ƙasar Hausa bayan ƙarni na 15, lokacin da Musulunci ya samu karɓuwa a ƙasar Hausa. Sunan mahaifiyar Abubakar Gumi Hafsatu, ɗiyar Malam Adamu, wadda mahaifinsa ya aura lokacin da yake koyarwa a Jega.<ref>bbc</ref> == Karatu == Abubakar Gumi ya fara karatunsa ne a hannun mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, inda ya haddace al-Ƙur'ani sannan kuma ya yi karatun litattafai da dama. Bayan nan a shekara ta 1933 ya shiga makarantar boko ta Dogon Daji Elementary School, inda daga baya aka mayar da shi makarantar Middle da ke Sokoto a shekara ta 1936. Daga nan ne ya tafi makarantar ilimin shari'a ta Kano. Sannan a shekara ta 1952 ya zurfafa karatu a makarantar koyar da Larabci ta Kano. Daga nan ne kuma ya yi karatun babbar difloma a cibiyar ilimi ta Bakht al-Rida da ke Sudan daga shekarar 1955 zuwa 1956. A shekarar 1987, Gumi ya lashe kyautar Sarki Faisal kan hidima ga addinin Muslunci. Daga cikin abubuwan da suka sa ya cancanci lambar girmamawar su ne wa'azi da kuma koyar da addinin Musulunci, taimakawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam da fassara alƙur'ani zuwa harshen Hausa da kuma rubuta litattafai na addinin Musulunci.<ref>bbc</ref> == Ayyukan ilimi == Abubakar Gumi ya yi gagarumar hidima ta hanyar rubuce-rubuce da kuma fassarar litattafai na addini.<ref>Bbc</ref> Litattafan da ya rubuta waɗanda suka fi yin fice sun haɗa da:<ref>Bbc</ref> * Tafsirin Al-ƙur'ani na '''Rad al-Azhan ila Ma'ani al-Qur`an''' * Al-Aqidah al-Sahiha bi Muwafaqat al-Shari'a * Kitab al-Nasihaila Amir MantiqatKatsina * Manufata / Where I Stand * Hal al-Niza` fi Mas´alatNuzul Isa alaih al-Salatwa al-Salam * Musulunchi da Abinda ke Rushe Shi * Zad al-Haj * Kitab Maratib al-Islam * Kitab Manasik al-hajwa al-Umra '''Fassara:''' * Fassarar ma'anonin al-Ƙur'ani mai girma * Fassarar Hadisai Arba'in (al-Nawawi) * Fassarar littafin Nur al-Bab * Fassarar littafin Hidayat al-Tullab fiAhamMasail al-Din == Rasuwa == Sheikh Abubakar Mahmoud Gumi ya rasu ne a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1992, a birnin Landan na ƙasar Birtaniya. A lokacin da ya rasu, al'umma sun girgiza kasancerwar sa mutumin da ya samu karɓuwa a tsakanin shugabanni da masu sarauta da kuma sauran al'umma. Gumi ya kasance malami, alƙali kuma tsani tsakanin shugabanni da talakawa. Baya ga batun addini, Sheikh Gumi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ɓangaren mulki da kuma ayyukan gwamnati. Ya kasance mai kusanci sosai ga masu mulki, sannan ya riƙa ƙarfafa wa al'ummar arewacin Najeriya, musamman Musulmai gwiwa wajen shiga ayyukan gwamnati da karatun zamani. Tsarin koyarwarsa ya sha bamban, inda ake yaba masa wajen haƙuri tare da ƙoƙarin ganin al'umma sun fahimci abin da yake koyarwa.<ref>bbc</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gumi, Abubakar Mahmud}} oi5clrmlvrb4olz9vsgpityudz7bq2a 829833 829831 2026-05-05T04:48:02Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829833 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Sultan Bello Mosque 05.jpg|thumb|Masallacin [[Masallacin Sarkin Musulmi Bello|Sultan Bello]] dake Kaduna inda Malam Abubakar Gummi ya yi limanci tare da gabatar da wa'azinsa.]] [[File:Abubakar Mahmoud Gummi.jpg|thumb|Malam Abubakar Gummi]] '''Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi''' (an haife shi a shekara 1962 –zuwa shekarar 1992)<ref name="HunwickO'Fahey1994">{{cite book|author1=John O. Hunwick|author2=Rex Séan O'Fahey|title=Arabic Literature of Africa: The writings of central Sudanic Africa Vol.2. Volume 13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nKXOThUEpcC&pg=PA551dq=Abubakar+Gummi+1922|year=1994|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-10494-1|page=551}}</ref> malamin Addinin Musulunci ne ɗan Najeriya kuma alƙalin alƙalai na yankin [[Arewacin Najeriya]], matsayin da ya sanya shi ya zama cibiyar tafsirin tsarin shari’a a yankin. Ya kasance na kusa da [[Ahmadu Bello]], Firimiyan Arewa a shekarun alif 1950 zuwa 1960 kuma ya zama Grand Khadi a shekara ta 1967, Kafin a soke wannan mukamin daga baya. Gummi ya fito a matsayin shugaba mai faɗa a ji a lokacin mulkin mallaka, inda yake ganin tsarin mulkin kai tsaye ya raunana ƙarfin addini na sarakuna da kuma ƙarfafa Turawan Yamma. Tun daga shekarun alif 1960 ne ake samun rigingimu tsakanin jama’a tsakaninsa da shugabannin ‘yan’uwantakar Sufaye, waɗanda daga baya ya yi muhawara a shirye-shiryen talabijin a shekarun alif 1970 zuwa shekara ta alif 1980. A wannan lokacin ya ci gaba da maida hankalinsa wajen gudanar da tarukan juma'a a cikin babban masallacin Kaduna ([[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]). Ya yi amfani da zaman wajen Farfaɗo da sukar da ya ke yi wa hukumomi bisa ga ra'ayinsa na koma baya ga tsarin tushen ko kuma buƙatar rungumar aikin tsafta na Musulunci. Ya kuma yi suka da kakkausar murya kan shigar sufanci. Yana da ’ya’ya da yawa, daga ciki akwai [[Ahmad Gumi|Dr. Ahmad Abubakar Gummi]] wanda ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin malamin babban masallacin Kaduna (Sultan Bello), Dakta Ahmad Gummi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] Zariya. kuma tsohon hafsan soji ne, ya bar aikin soja, ya yi tattaki zuwa jami'ar umm al-Qura da ke [[Makkah]], ƙasar [[Saudiyya]] inda ya yi karatun digirin digirgir (PhD). Gumi mabiyin mazhabar [[malikiyya]] ne, wannan ya samo asali ne ta hanyar rubuce-rubucensa da suka haɗa da tafsirin alkur'ani (Raddul azhaan ila ma'anil Ƙur'an). da sauran littafai kamar (hullu nizam ala nuzuul isa) da (Al-Aqidatus As-Saheehah bi muwafaqati ash- Shari'ah) da sauransu == Karatu == Ya yi karatu da rubuce-rubuce a kan addinin [[musulunci]] sosai, ya fassara [[Qur'an|Qur'ani]] zuwa [[Hausa|harshen Hausa]], kuma shi ne mutum na farko daya rubuta tarjama wato fassarar ɗai-ɗaikun ayoyin dake Alkur'ani.<ref>John N. Paden, Muslim Civic Cultures and Conflict Resolution: the challenge of democratic federalism in Nigeria, Brookings Institution Press, 2005. p 60. ISBN 0-8157-6817-6</ref> Hakan ne ya sa ya samu nasarar samun kyautar Sarki Faisal(King Faisal Award), daga ƙasar saudiya. Malamin dai ya kasance babban aboki kuma mai ba wa Firimiya [[Ahmadu Bello]] sardaunan Sakkwato shawara. Shi ne mahaifin Dakta Shaykh [[Ahmad Gumi]]. == Shahara == Gumi ya shahara tun lokacin mulkin mallakar Turawa a matsayin mai faɗa a ji, yana sukar salon Mulkin [[Turawa]], cewa ya karya lagon sarakunan Musulmi kuma hakan yana Ƙara karfafa al'adun Turai a ƙasashen musulunci. A farkon shekara ta 1960 an samu barkewar rikici tsakanin sa da malaman sufaye wanda daga baya rikicin ya koma muhawara a gidajen rediyo da talabijin a shekarun 1970 zuwa shekara ta 1980.<ref>The Independent: "Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi" by Karl Maier 16 September 1992</ref> Ya riƙa amfani da ranakun Juma'a a matsayin lokutan yada akidunsa a babban masallacin Juma'a na [[Kaduna]] mai suna [[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]. == Dangi == Abubakar Gumi ba a san takamaiman yawan yayansa ba, amma mafi shahara a cikinsu shi ne Dr. [[Ahmad Gumi]] Wanda shi ne ya gaji Mahaifinsa a matsayin mai gabatar da wa'azi a masallacin na Sultan Bello dake Kaduna. Dr Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke [[Zariya]]. Kuma tsohon jami'in sojin Nijeriya ne, ya bar aikin soja inda ya tafi zuwa ƙasar Saudiyya domin karanta ilimin fikihu, a jami'ar [[Ummul Quraa]] da ke birnin [[Makkah|Makka]] inda ya samu shaidar digirin digir-gir.<ref>John Owen Hunwick. Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan, Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. ISBN 0-8101-1037-7</ref> [[File:Nigerian Public Domain 105.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Abubakar Gumi a shekarar 1970.]] == Tarihi == === Rayuwar farko da ilimi === An haifi Gumi a kauyen Gummi (yanzu karamar hukuma ce a jihar Zamfara ) a ranar Juma'ar karshe na watan Ramadan shekara ta 1344, ga iyalan Mahmud, malamin addinin Musulunci kuma Alkali (alkali) na Gummi. Iliminsa ya fara ne a bangon danginsa lokacin yana dalibin koyarwar addinin musulunci na mahaifinsa. Daga nan ya wuce makarantar da ke karkashin kulawar wani Malami mai suna Musa da ke Ambursa a lardin Sakkwato . A nan aka gabatar da shi ilimin Fiqhu da karanta littafai da waqoqin yabo ga Annabi. Makarantar boko ta farko da ya yi ita ce makarantar firamare ta Dogondaji, yayin da a makarantar firamare ya hadu da Sarkin Musulmi na 18 a nan gaba, Ibrahim Dasuki, kuma ya yi fice a harkokin addini. An nada shi Hakimin Salla (shugaban sallah) kuma an dora masa alhakin ciyar da dalibai ayyukan addini. A cikin shekara guda aka mayar da shi Makarantar Midil ta Sakkwato, inda Ahmadu Bello yake koyarwa. A nan ne ya saba da Shehu Shagari, da Waziri Muhammadu Junaidu, da Yahaya Gusau; na baya-bayan nan shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam, wata fitacciyar kungiyar Musulmi ta Najeriya . Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na secondary ya tafi [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] inda ya karanta fannin shari'a sannan ya samu horon Qadi . Ya fara aiki a matsayin magatakarda ga Qadi Attahiru amma ba da jimawa ba ya rasa nasaba da takamaiman aikinsa. Ya ba da darussa na sirri kan Musulunci da [[tafsiri]] a matsayin kubuta daga bacin ransa. Ya rasa mahaifinsa a shekara ta 1937 a lokacin da yake makarantar sakandare. Ya yi aure bayan shekara 3 da Maryama a shekarar 1941 yana dan shekara 19. <ref name="IndependentObit">{{Cite web |date=1992-09-15 |title=Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sheikh-abubakar-mahmud-gumi-1551628.html |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> === Farkon aiki === A shekarar 1947 Abubakar Gumi ya bar aikin sakatare na Qadi Attahiru ya tafi koyarwa a makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta Kano, wadda ya taba halarta a baya. A lokacin da yake Kano, ya hadu da Sheik Sa'id Hayatu, dan shugaban Mahdiyya na karni na 19, Hayatu ibn Sa'id, kuma wani mutum da ake ganin yana daya daga cikin fitattun wadanda mulkin mallaka ya rutsa da su. Shi ne shugaban kungiyar Mahdiyya, kuma ya dawo daga zaman tilas a kasar Kamaru . Abubakar ya shaku da koyarwar harkar Mahdiyya, a takaice ya zama mabiyi; Daga baya ya auri diyar Hayatu, Maryam. Duk da haka, ta rasu bayan ta haifi ɗa namiji. Dan Abubakar Gumi na farko ba Ahmad Abubakar ba ne, Dr Hamza Abubakar likita ne da ke aiki a yanzu haka a birnin Riyadh na kasar Saudiyya, sai kuma Manjo Janar Abdulkadir Abubakar (rtd) da kuma yaya mata biyu – daya ya auri marigayi Mai shari’a Muhammadu Bello, tsohon alkalin alkalai na tarayya, dayan kuma ta auri Sheik Sunusi Gumbi, sanannen malamin addinin musulunci kuma dalibin Abubakar Gumi. A 1949 Gumi ya sami aikin koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru, Sakkwato. Makarantar tana da wani shahararren malami mai suna [[Aminu Kano]], wanda shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar malamai ta Arewa kuma mai kula da wasu ‘yan [[Makarantar Islamiyya|makarantun musulmi]] . Aminu da Gumi sun yi cudanya tare da raba ra’ayoyi kan tasirin al’ummar gargajiya da addinin Musulunci, da kuma halin ko in kula ko goyon bayan da ‘yan’uwan Sufaye suke ba wa halin da ake ciki na [[Bida|Bidi’a]] . Ya bar Maru ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar koyon Larabci da ke Kano. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya zama malami na tsawon shekaru biyu a makarantar. Ya kuma halarci makarantar ilimi a Sudan. <ref name="Hunwick">John Owen Hunwick. ''Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan'', Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. {{ISBN|0-8101-1037-7}}</ref> A 1957 ya zama mai fassara ga gwamnatin Arewacin Najeriya kan al'amuran [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] . == Rikici == Abubakar Gumi yana da ra'ayi game da tsarin mulki da na addini na jami'an masarautu a Arewacin Najeriya. Rikicin akidarsa na farko da hukumomi shine a Maru. Rikici ya shafi aikin Tayamum . Babban Limamin Masallacin Maru ya kasance yana yin wanka da yashi (Tayammum) gabanin Sallah yayin da Gumi ya yi nuni da cewa Tayammu ana amfani da ita ne kawai idan ba a samu ruwa ba, kuma ana samun ruwa sosai a Maru . Gumi ya ci gaba da kalubalantar wannan al’ada, inda ya nemi dalibai da kada su fito don yin Sallah har sai Imam ya fasa yin Taimiyya. Sai dai Gumi wanda a baya ya rubuta kakkausar murya kan Sarkin Musulmi, yanzu ya samu Sarkin Musulmi yana sha’awar kokensa da babban limamin Maru. An kafa kwamitin bincike kan lamarin tare da goyon bayan Sarkin Musulmi. Sai dai da yake Gumi ya fi sanin aqidar Musulunci, haka nan kuma basirarsa ta gardama, sai hukumar ta yanke hukunci a kan Gumi. [1] Bayan samun nasara kadan a kan Sarkin Musulmi, Gumi ya yi amfani da hankalin da ya samu ta hanyar rubuta wata kasida mai mahimmanci a kan batun Musulmi, musamman Sarkin Musulmi, ya karbi mukaman Ingila . A lokacin, sannu a hankali ya fara ƙalubalantar imani da halaye na ayyuka a tsakanin al'ummar musulmi. [ abubuwan da ake bukata ] Wani harin da Gumi ya kai shi ne kungiyar [[Ahmadiyya]] karkashin jagorancin [[Jibril Martin]] . Yunkurin ya kasance manufa mai sauƙi ga Gumi, saboda wasu ra'ayoyin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar sun yi hannun riga da ainihin akidar Musulunci, kamar yadda wanda ya kafa ya sanya kansa a matsayin annabci . Daga baya Gumi ya fara fargabar wannan harkar ne sakamakon kwarewar tsarin kungiya na wanda ya assasa Najeriya, a hankali kungiyar ta shiga cikin hukumar alhazai ta yammacin Najeriya, sannan ta kafa makarantun almajirai a Kudu sannan kuma ya tashi zuwa arewa wajen yada manufofin Ahmadiyya. Gumi ya dauki wannan kalubale cikin sauki sannan aka dakile manufar kungiyar ta arewa. == Bayyanarshi a Kafafen yaɗa labarai == Sheik Gumi ya yi hajjin sa na farko zuwa Makka a shekarar 1955 kuma Ahmadu Bello ne ya hada shi da shi. Yayin da yake Makka ya yi tafsirin ayyukan addinin Musulunci tare da Bello da Sarki Sa'ud. Ya kuma sadu da dimbin al'ummar al'ummar musulmi ko kuma al'ummar musulmi a kasar Saudiyya, wadanda da yawa daga baya suka zama masu kyautata masa bayan rasuwar Ahmadu Bello a shekarar 1966. Da ya dawo Najeriya ya fara koyarwa a Makarantar Koyon Larabci da ke Kano da kuma wasu Makarantun Musulmi da kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam (JNI) ta kafa wacce ke kusa da birnin Kaduna. Babban bangare na koyarwarsa ya mayar da hankali kan bambance-bambancen al'ada da addini, da yadda za a fahimta da kuma rungumar asalin Musulunci. Ya kuma rubuta tafsirin kur'ani wanda akasari a kan sunna, ya kuma fassara kur'ani daga Larabci zuwa Hausa . Wannan tsari ya kai ga yada Littafi Mai Tsarki ga dimbin jama’ar Arewacin Najeriya, kuma ra’ayoyinsa da sakonsa kan muhimman koyarwar Musulunci sun fara samun dimbin masu sauraro. [1] Sai dai adawar da ya yi da manyan 'yan uwantakar Sufaye kamar Tijjaniyya da Qadiriyya ta jawo masa suka a kai a kai, kuma wasu daga cikin musulmi suka rika kai masa hari kan tafsirinsa; ya kan amsa da cewa su ci gaba da yin tafsirin nasu, idan ba sa son nasa. [1] A shekarun 1970 ya zama mai yawan fitowa a shirye-shiryen talabijin, musamman a lokutan bukukuwan Musulunci. "Lokacin da muka je wurin jifan shaiɗan (Jamra) sa'ilin aikin Hajji, sai mutanenmu suka riƙa yin wasu abubuwa marasa ma'ana. "Wasu suka riƙa nemo manyan duwatsu, wasu kuma suka riƙa cire takalmansu suna jifan jamrah, suna zage-zage da furta munanan kalamai, da sunan jifan shaiɗan." Wannan na daga cikin abubuwan da suka sanya Sheikh Abubakar Gumi ya yi yunƙuri a hukumance na sake faɗakar da mabiya addinin Musulunci a Najeriya yadda ake yin addini, bayan sanar da Firimiyan arewa na farko Ahmadu Bello, kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗaliban marigayin, Sheikh Yusuf Sambo Rigachikun ya tabbatar wa BBC. Wannan yunƙuri ya haifar da kafa wasu ƙungiyoyi guda biyu waɗanda suka jagoranci tafiyar da lamurran addinin Musulunci a Najeriya - Jama'atu Nasril Islam, sai kuma daga baya Jama'atu Izalatil Bidi'a wa Iqamatussunnah - lamarin da ya yi tasiri kan miliyoyin mabiya addinin a Najeriya. Shekara 33 bayan rasuwarsa, miliyoyin Musulmai a Najeriya na ci gaba da bin koyarwarsa, sannan ƙungiyoyin da ya jagoranci kafawa ne a gaba-gaba wajen yaɗawa da kuma tafiyar da al'amuran Musulunci a ƙasar. Baya ga Shehu Usman Danfodiyo, wanda ya yi jihadin sake ɗabbaƙa addinin Musulunci a ƙasar Hausa a farkon shekarun 1800, ana ganin cewa babu wani malami da koyarsa ta Musulunci ta yi tasiri a Najeriya kamar Abubakar Gumi. Wasu masana addini ma na ganin tasirin da Gumi ya yi "ta fi" ta Usman Danfodio, kasancewar a lokacinsa akwai hanyoyin sadarwa irin su talabijin da rediyo da hanyar wallafa litattafai da jaridu, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen yaɗa ayyukansa a ƙasar Hausa da maƙwafta. <ref>Bbc</ref> == Kawo sauyi == Tun kafin yunƙurin samar da ƙungiyoyin sake ilimantar da Musulman Najeriya kan ibada, Abubakar Gumi ya kasance mutum mai neman kawo sauyi, lamarin da ya sa ya yi ƙaurin suna tsakanin malamai da sarakuna har ma da turawan mulkin mallaka. A cikin littafinsa na Manufata, Gumi ya tuno yadda ya ƙalubalanci malaman addinin Musulunci waɗanda suke yin addini "yadda suka ga dama". Gumi ya ce "Sufanci ya zamo jiki a tsakanin al'umma ta yadda babu wanda ya damu ya binciki ko ya yi daidai da koyawar al-Ƙur'ani da hadisan annabi Muhammad". Irin wannan yunƙuri nasa ya fara jan hankali ne a lokacin da yake koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru a shekarar 1949. A lokacin ya fahimci yadda malaman addini da kuma sauran al'umma ke cakuɗa ibada da al'adu ko wasu abubuwa na daban. Limamin Juma'a na Maru a wancan lokaci ya kasance yana yin taimama domin yin sallah a maimakon alwala da ruwa, duk kuwa da wadatuwar ruwan da kuma rashin wata hujja ta yin taimamar. Bayan yunƙurin da ya yi na faɗakar da limamin game da 'haramcin' hakan, amma abin ya ci tura, Gumi ya hana ɗalibansa halartar sallar Juma'a a babban masallacin Maru, inda ya riƙa jan su sallah a cikin makaranta. A matsayin martani, sarkin Maru ya rubuta takardar ƙorafi kan Abubakar Gumi zuwa ga fadar sarkin Musulmi da kuma hukumomi turawan mulkin mallaka. Sai dai a ƙarshe Abubakar Gumi ne ya yi nasara ta hanyar gabatar da hujjoji masu ƙarfi da suka tabbatar da koyarwarsa. A game da turawan mulkin mallaka, Gumi ya ce "Idan na tuna ɓarnar da mulkin mallakar Birtaniya ya yi a ƙasarmu, nakan riƙa mamakin yadda mutanenmu suka kwashe tsawon shekaru ba tare da sun fahimci hakan ba. "Hatta a tsakanin masu iliminmu, ƙalilan ne suke tsayawa su fahimci yadda mulkin mallaka ya illa ga tunaninmu".<ref>bbc</ref> == Littafin da ya yamutsa hazo == Littafin da Abubakar Gumi ya rubuta a shekara ta 1972 mai taken 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha bi-Muwafaqat al-Shar'i' ya haifar da zazzafar muhawara tsakanin Musulman arewacin Najeriya sanadiyyar kakkausar sukar da littafin ya yi kan wasu ayyuka na masu bin akidar sufanci. A wannan lokaci kusan ɗaukacin Musulman Najeriya na bin tsari ne na ɗariƙa, wadda ta samo asali daga koyarwa irin ta sufanci. Da farko Abubakar Gumi ya ce ya rubuta littafin ne domin amfanin masu ilimi, kasancewar koyarwar littafin zai yi tsaurin fahimta ga mabiya, waɗanda iliminsu bai yi nisa ba. Sai dai a lokacin da ya tafi Saudiyya, sai Mallam Isma'ila Idris ya ɗauki littafin ya yi wa'azi da shi a birnin Kaduna, wani abu da ya haifar da ruɗani, abin da ya kai ga dole sai da ya ajiye aikinsa na gwamnati a matsayin malami. Bayan ajiye aiki, Mallam Idris ya shiga aikin soja, inda ya yi aiki a garuruwa da dama na Najeriya, kafin mayar da shi garin Jos, kuma duk inda ya je ya riƙa koyar da karatu ta hanyar amfani da littafin Sheikh Gumi na 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha'. Wannan ne ya haifar da ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar Izalatil Bidi'a wa iƙamatussunnah a birnin Jos. Da'awar Gumi na kira ga Musulmi su yi aiki da karantarwar al-Ƙur'ani da kuma Hadisan Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) kawai, wani abu da ake ganin ya kawo gagarumin sauyi a yadda ake tafiyar da ibada a Najeriya da wasu ƙasashen da ke maƙwaftaka a lokacin.<ref>bbc</ref> == Wane ne Abubakar Gumi? == An haifi Abubakar Mahmud Gumi ne ranar Juma'a 7 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1924, wadda ita ce Juma'a ta ƙarshe ta watan Ramadan na shekara ta 1344 bayan hijira, kamar yadda malamin ya bayyana a cikin litattafinsa. Shahararren malamin addinin Musulunci ne kuma masanin shari'a, wanda ya kai har matsayin Alkalin Alkalai (Grand kadi) na arewacin Najeriya. Ya fara samun ilimi ne a wajen mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi. Sunan mahaifinsa Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, wanda ake kiransa da Na-Gumi, saboda zaman da ya yi a garin Gumi bayan zama a wurare daban-daban na ƙasar Hausa, kamar Katsina, Borno da Dutse. Mahaifin Abubakar Gumi ya kasance babban malamin addinin Musulunci da shari'a, kuma ɗaya daga cikin malamai da aka fi girmamawa a yankin Sokoto da Zamfara da kuma Kebbi a zamaninsa. Kakan mahaifin Abubakar Gumi shi ne Sheikh Aliyu Barou el-Badawi, wanda ya fito daga ƙabilar Larabawa ta Bedouin, waɗanda aka sani da kiwo a yankin Larabawa da arewacin nahiyar Afirka. Babu cikakken bayani kan yadda ya isa yankin Sokoto, amma dai ana ganin zuwan sa ba ya rasa nasaba da ziyarar da Larabawa suka riƙa yi zuwa ƙasar Hausa bayan ƙarni na 15, lokacin da Musulunci ya samu karɓuwa a ƙasar Hausa. Sunan mahaifiyar Abubakar Gumi Hafsatu, ɗiyar Malam Adamu, wadda mahaifinsa ya aura lokacin da yake koyarwa a Jega.<ref>bbc</ref> == Karatu == Abubakar Gumi ya fara karatunsa ne a hannun mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, inda ya haddace al-Ƙur'ani sannan kuma ya yi karatun litattafai da dama. Bayan nan a shekara ta 1933 ya shiga makarantar boko ta Dogon Daji Elementary School, inda daga baya aka mayar da shi makarantar Middle da ke Sokoto a shekara ta 1936. Daga nan ne ya tafi makarantar ilimin shari'a ta Kano. Sannan a shekara ta 1952 ya zurfafa karatu a makarantar koyar da Larabci ta Kano. Daga nan ne kuma ya yi karatun babbar difloma a cibiyar ilimi ta Bakht al-Rida da ke Sudan daga shekarar 1955 zuwa 1956. A shekarar 1987, Gumi ya lashe kyautar Sarki Faisal kan hidima ga addinin Muslunci. Daga cikin abubuwan da suka sa ya cancanci lambar girmamawar su ne wa'azi da kuma koyar da addinin Musulunci, taimakawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam da fassara alƙur'ani zuwa harshen Hausa da kuma rubuta litattafai na addinin Musulunci.<ref>bbc</ref> == Ayyukan ilimi == Abubakar Gumi ya yi gagarumar hidima ta hanyar rubuce-rubuce da kuma fassarar litattafai na addini.<ref>Bbc</ref> Litattafan da ya rubuta waɗanda suka fi yin fice sun haɗa da:<ref>Bbc</ref> * Tafsirin Al-ƙur'ani na '''Rad al-Azhan ila Ma'ani al-Qur`an''' * Al-Aqidah al-Sahiha bi Muwafaqat al-Shari'a * Kitab al-Nasihaila Amir MantiqatKatsina * Manufata / Where I Stand * Hal al-Niza` fi Mas´alatNuzul Isa alaih al-Salatwa al-Salam * Musulunchi da Abinda ke Rushe Shi * Zad al-Haj * Kitab Maratib al-Islam * Kitab Manasik al-hajwa al-Umra '''Fassara:''' * Fassarar ma'anonin al-Ƙur'ani mai girma * Fassarar Hadisai Arba'in (al-Nawawi) * Fassarar littafin Nur al-Bab * Fassarar littafin Hidayat al-Tullab fiAhamMasail al-Din == Rasuwa == Sheikh Abubakar Mahmoud Gumi ya rasu ne a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1992, a birnin Landan na ƙasar Birtaniya. A lokacin da ya rasu, al'umma sun girgiza kasancerwar sa mutumin da ya samu karɓuwa a tsakanin shugabanni da masu sarauta da kuma sauran al'umma. Gumi ya kasance malami, alƙali kuma tsani tsakanin shugabanni da talakawa. Baya ga batun addini, Sheikh Gumi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ɓangaren mulki da kuma ayyukan gwamnati. Ya kasance mai kusanci sosai ga masu mulki, sannan ya riƙa ƙarfafa wa al'ummar arewacin Najeriya, musamman Musulmai gwiwa wajen shiga ayyukan gwamnati da karatun zamani. Tsarin koyarwarsa ya sha bamban, inda ake yaba masa wajen haƙuri tare da ƙoƙarin ganin al'umma sun fahimci abin da yake koyarwa.<ref>bbc</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gumi, Abubakar Mahmud}} pjgs8wg4vm7vewjwgndxvzmaave3jkm 829837 829833 2026-05-05T04:49:04Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829837 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Sultan Bello Mosque 05.jpg|thumb|Masallacin [[Masallacin Sarkin Musulmi Bello|Sultan Bello]] dake Kaduna inda Malam Abubakar Gummi ya yi limanci tare da gabatar da wa'azinsa.]] [[File:Abubakar Mahmoud Gummi.jpg|thumb|Malam Abubakar Gummi]] '''Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi''' (an haife shi a shekara 1962 –zuwa shekarar 1992)<ref name="HunwickO'Fahey1994">{{cite book|author1=John O. Hunwick|author2=Rex Séan O'Fahey|title=Arabic Literature of Africa: The writings of central Sudanic Africa Vol.2. Volume 13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nKXOThUEpcC&pg=PA551dq=Abubakar+Gummi+1922|year=1994|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-10494-1|page=551}}</ref> malamin Addinin Musulunci ne ɗan Najeriya kuma alƙalin alƙalai na yankin [[Arewacin Najeriya]], matsayin da ya sanya shi ya zama cibiyar tafsirin tsarin shari’a a yankin. Ya kasance na kusa da [[Ahmadu Bello]], Firimiyan Arewa a shekarun alif 1950 zuwa 1960 kuma ya zama Grand Khadi a shekara ta 1967, Kafin a soke wannan mukamin daga baya. Gummi ya fito a matsayin shugaba mai faɗa a ji a lokacin mulkin mallaka, inda yake ganin tsarin mulkin kai tsaye ya raunana ƙarfin addini na sarakuna da kuma ƙarfafa Turawan Yamma. Tun daga shekarun alif 1960 ne ake samun rigingimu tsakanin jama’a tsakaninsa da shugabannin ‘yan’uwantakar Sufaye, waɗanda daga baya ya yi muhawara a shirye-shiryen talabijin a shekarun alif 1970 zuwa shekara ta alif 1980. A wannan lokacin ya ci gaba da maida hankalinsa wajen gudanar da tarukan juma'a a cikin babban masallacin Kaduna ([[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]). Ya yi amfani da zaman wajen Farfaɗo da sukar da ya ke yi wa hukumomi bisa ga ra'ayinsa na koma baya ga tsarin tushen ko kuma buƙatar rungumar aikin tsafta na Musulunci. Ya kuma yi suka da kakkausar murya kan shigar sufanci. Yana da ’ya’ya da yawa, daga ciki akwai [[Ahmad Gumi|Dr. Ahmad Abubakar Gummi]] wanda ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin malamin babban masallacin Kaduna (Sultan Bello), Dakta Ahmad Gummi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] Zariya. kuma tsohon hafsan soji ne, ya bar aikin soja, ya yi tattaki zuwa jami'ar umm al-Qura da ke [[Makkah]], ƙasar [[Saudiyya]] inda ya yi karatun digirin digirgir (PhD). Gumi mabiyin mazhabar [[malikiyya]] ne, wannan ya samo asali ne ta hanyar rubuce-rubucen sa da suka haɗa da tafsirin alkur'ani (Raddul azhaan ila ma'anil Ƙur'an). da sauran littafai kamar (hullu nizam ala nuzuul isa) da (Al-Aqidatus As-Saheehah bi muwafaqati ash- Shari'ah) da sauransu == Karatu == Ya yi karatu da rubuce-rubuce a kan addinin [[musulunci]] sosai, ya fassara [[Qur'an|Qur'ani]] zuwa [[Hausa|harshen Hausa]], kuma shi ne mutum na farko daya rubuta tarjama wato fassarar ɗai-ɗaikun ayoyin dake Alkur'ani.<ref>John N. Paden, Muslim Civic Cultures and Conflict Resolution: the challenge of democratic federalism in Nigeria, Brookings Institution Press, 2005. p 60. ISBN 0-8157-6817-6</ref> Hakan ne ya sa ya samu nasarar samun kyautar Sarki Faisal(King Faisal Award), daga ƙasar saudiya. Malamin dai ya kasance babban aboki kuma mai ba wa Firimiya [[Ahmadu Bello]] sardaunan Sakkwato shawara. Shi ne mahaifin Dakta Shaykh [[Ahmad Gumi]]. == Shahara == Gumi ya shahara tun lokacin mulkin mallakar Turawa a matsayin mai faɗa a ji, yana sukar salon Mulkin [[Turawa]], cewa ya karya lagon sarakunan Musulmi kuma hakan yana Ƙara karfafa al'adun Turai a ƙasashen musulunci. A farkon shekara ta 1960 an samu barkewar rikici tsakanin sa da malaman sufaye wanda daga baya rikicin ya koma muhawara a gidajen rediyo da talabijin a shekarun 1970 zuwa shekara ta 1980.<ref>The Independent: "Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi" by Karl Maier 16 September 1992</ref> Ya riƙa amfani da ranakun Juma'a a matsayin lokutan yada akidunsa a babban masallacin Juma'a na [[Kaduna]] mai suna [[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]. == Dangi == Abubakar Gumi ba a san takamaiman yawan yayansa ba, amma mafi shahara a cikinsu shi ne Dr. [[Ahmad Gumi]] Wanda shi ne ya gaji Mahaifinsa a matsayin mai gabatar da wa'azi a masallacin na Sultan Bello dake Kaduna. Dr Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke [[Zariya]]. Kuma tsohon jami'in sojin Nijeriya ne, ya bar aikin soja inda ya tafi zuwa ƙasar Saudiyya domin karanta ilimin fikihu, a jami'ar [[Ummul Quraa]] da ke birnin [[Makkah|Makka]] inda ya samu shaidar digirin digir-gir.<ref>John Owen Hunwick. Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan, Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. ISBN 0-8101-1037-7</ref> [[File:Nigerian Public Domain 105.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Abubakar Gumi a shekarar 1970.]] == Tarihi == === Rayuwar farko da ilimi === An haifi Gumi a kauyen Gummi (yanzu karamar hukuma ce a jihar Zamfara ) a ranar Juma'ar karshe na watan Ramadan shekara ta 1344, ga iyalan Mahmud, malamin addinin Musulunci kuma Alkali (alkali) na Gummi. Iliminsa ya fara ne a bangon danginsa lokacin yana dalibin koyarwar addinin musulunci na mahaifinsa. Daga nan ya wuce makarantar da ke karkashin kulawar wani Malami mai suna Musa da ke Ambursa a lardin Sakkwato . A nan aka gabatar da shi ilimin Fiqhu da karanta littafai da waqoqin yabo ga Annabi. Makarantar boko ta farko da ya yi ita ce makarantar firamare ta Dogondaji, yayin da a makarantar firamare ya hadu da Sarkin Musulmi na 18 a nan gaba, Ibrahim Dasuki, kuma ya yi fice a harkokin addini. An nada shi Hakimin Salla (shugaban sallah) kuma an dora masa alhakin ciyar da dalibai ayyukan addini. A cikin shekara guda aka mayar da shi Makarantar Midil ta Sakkwato, inda Ahmadu Bello yake koyarwa. A nan ne ya saba da Shehu Shagari, da Waziri Muhammadu Junaidu, da Yahaya Gusau; na baya-bayan nan shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam, wata fitacciyar kungiyar Musulmi ta Najeriya . Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na secondary ya tafi [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] inda ya karanta fannin shari'a sannan ya samu horon Qadi . Ya fara aiki a matsayin magatakarda ga Qadi Attahiru amma ba da jimawa ba ya rasa nasaba da takamaiman aikinsa. Ya ba da darussa na sirri kan Musulunci da [[tafsiri]] a matsayin kubuta daga bacin ransa. Ya rasa mahaifinsa a shekara ta 1937 a lokacin da yake makarantar sakandare. Ya yi aure bayan shekara 3 da Maryama a shekarar 1941 yana dan shekara 19. <ref name="IndependentObit">{{Cite web |date=1992-09-15 |title=Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sheikh-abubakar-mahmud-gumi-1551628.html |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> === Farkon aiki === A shekarar 1947 Abubakar Gumi ya bar aikin sakatare na Qadi Attahiru ya tafi koyarwa a makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta Kano, wadda ya taba halarta a baya. A lokacin da yake Kano, ya hadu da Sheik Sa'id Hayatu, dan shugaban Mahdiyya na karni na 19, Hayatu ibn Sa'id, kuma wani mutum da ake ganin yana daya daga cikin fitattun wadanda mulkin mallaka ya rutsa da su. Shi ne shugaban kungiyar Mahdiyya, kuma ya dawo daga zaman tilas a kasar Kamaru . Abubakar ya shaku da koyarwar harkar Mahdiyya, a takaice ya zama mabiyi; Daga baya ya auri diyar Hayatu, Maryam. Duk da haka, ta rasu bayan ta haifi ɗa namiji. Dan Abubakar Gumi na farko ba Ahmad Abubakar ba ne, Dr Hamza Abubakar likita ne da ke aiki a yanzu haka a birnin Riyadh na kasar Saudiyya, sai kuma Manjo Janar Abdulkadir Abubakar (rtd) da kuma yaya mata biyu – daya ya auri marigayi Mai shari’a Muhammadu Bello, tsohon alkalin alkalai na tarayya, dayan kuma ta auri Sheik Sunusi Gumbi, sanannen malamin addinin musulunci kuma dalibin Abubakar Gumi. A 1949 Gumi ya sami aikin koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru, Sakkwato. Makarantar tana da wani shahararren malami mai suna [[Aminu Kano]], wanda shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar malamai ta Arewa kuma mai kula da wasu ‘yan [[Makarantar Islamiyya|makarantun musulmi]] . Aminu da Gumi sun yi cudanya tare da raba ra’ayoyi kan tasirin al’ummar gargajiya da addinin Musulunci, da kuma halin ko in kula ko goyon bayan da ‘yan’uwan Sufaye suke ba wa halin da ake ciki na [[Bida|Bidi’a]] . Ya bar Maru ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar koyon Larabci da ke Kano. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya zama malami na tsawon shekaru biyu a makarantar. Ya kuma halarci makarantar ilimi a Sudan. <ref name="Hunwick">John Owen Hunwick. ''Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan'', Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. {{ISBN|0-8101-1037-7}}</ref> A 1957 ya zama mai fassara ga gwamnatin Arewacin Najeriya kan al'amuran [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] . == Rikici == Abubakar Gumi yana da ra'ayi game da tsarin mulki da na addini na jami'an masarautu a Arewacin Najeriya. Rikicin akidarsa na farko da hukumomi shine a Maru. Rikici ya shafi aikin Tayamum . Babban Limamin Masallacin Maru ya kasance yana yin wanka da yashi (Tayammum) gabanin Sallah yayin da Gumi ya yi nuni da cewa Tayammu ana amfani da ita ne kawai idan ba a samu ruwa ba, kuma ana samun ruwa sosai a Maru . Gumi ya ci gaba da kalubalantar wannan al’ada, inda ya nemi dalibai da kada su fito don yin Sallah har sai Imam ya fasa yin Taimiyya. Sai dai Gumi wanda a baya ya rubuta kakkausar murya kan Sarkin Musulmi, yanzu ya samu Sarkin Musulmi yana sha’awar kokensa da babban limamin Maru. An kafa kwamitin bincike kan lamarin tare da goyon bayan Sarkin Musulmi. Sai dai da yake Gumi ya fi sanin aqidar Musulunci, haka nan kuma basirarsa ta gardama, sai hukumar ta yanke hukunci a kan Gumi. [1] Bayan samun nasara kadan a kan Sarkin Musulmi, Gumi ya yi amfani da hankalin da ya samu ta hanyar rubuta wata kasida mai mahimmanci a kan batun Musulmi, musamman Sarkin Musulmi, ya karbi mukaman Ingila . A lokacin, sannu a hankali ya fara ƙalubalantar imani da halaye na ayyuka a tsakanin al'ummar musulmi. [ abubuwan da ake bukata ] Wani harin da Gumi ya kai shi ne kungiyar [[Ahmadiyya]] karkashin jagorancin [[Jibril Martin]] . Yunkurin ya kasance manufa mai sauƙi ga Gumi, saboda wasu ra'ayoyin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar sun yi hannun riga da ainihin akidar Musulunci, kamar yadda wanda ya kafa ya sanya kansa a matsayin annabci . Daga baya Gumi ya fara fargabar wannan harkar ne sakamakon kwarewar tsarin kungiya na wanda ya assasa Najeriya, a hankali kungiyar ta shiga cikin hukumar alhazai ta yammacin Najeriya, sannan ta kafa makarantun almajirai a Kudu sannan kuma ya tashi zuwa arewa wajen yada manufofin Ahmadiyya. Gumi ya dauki wannan kalubale cikin sauki sannan aka dakile manufar kungiyar ta arewa. == Bayyanarshi a Kafafen yaɗa labarai == Sheik Gumi ya yi hajjin sa na farko zuwa Makka a shekarar 1955 kuma Ahmadu Bello ne ya hada shi da shi. Yayin da yake Makka ya yi tafsirin ayyukan addinin Musulunci tare da Bello da Sarki Sa'ud. Ya kuma sadu da dimbin al'ummar al'ummar musulmi ko kuma al'ummar musulmi a kasar Saudiyya, wadanda da yawa daga baya suka zama masu kyautata masa bayan rasuwar Ahmadu Bello a shekarar 1966. Da ya dawo Najeriya ya fara koyarwa a Makarantar Koyon Larabci da ke Kano da kuma wasu Makarantun Musulmi da kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam (JNI) ta kafa wacce ke kusa da birnin Kaduna. Babban bangare na koyarwarsa ya mayar da hankali kan bambance-bambancen al'ada da addini, da yadda za a fahimta da kuma rungumar asalin Musulunci. Ya kuma rubuta tafsirin kur'ani wanda akasari a kan sunna, ya kuma fassara kur'ani daga Larabci zuwa Hausa . Wannan tsari ya kai ga yada Littafi Mai Tsarki ga dimbin jama’ar Arewacin Najeriya, kuma ra’ayoyinsa da sakonsa kan muhimman koyarwar Musulunci sun fara samun dimbin masu sauraro. [1] Sai dai adawar da ya yi da manyan 'yan uwantakar Sufaye kamar Tijjaniyya da Qadiriyya ta jawo masa suka a kai a kai, kuma wasu daga cikin musulmi suka rika kai masa hari kan tafsirinsa; ya kan amsa da cewa su ci gaba da yin tafsirin nasu, idan ba sa son nasa. [1] A shekarun 1970 ya zama mai yawan fitowa a shirye-shiryen talabijin, musamman a lokutan bukukuwan Musulunci. "Lokacin da muka je wurin jifan shaiɗan (Jamra) sa'ilin aikin Hajji, sai mutanenmu suka riƙa yin wasu abubuwa marasa ma'ana. "Wasu suka riƙa nemo manyan duwatsu, wasu kuma suka riƙa cire takalmansu suna jifan jamrah, suna zage-zage da furta munanan kalamai, da sunan jifan shaiɗan." Wannan na daga cikin abubuwan da suka sanya Sheikh Abubakar Gumi ya yi yunƙuri a hukumance na sake faɗakar da mabiya addinin Musulunci a Najeriya yadda ake yin addini, bayan sanar da Firimiyan arewa na farko Ahmadu Bello, kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗaliban marigayin, Sheikh Yusuf Sambo Rigachikun ya tabbatar wa BBC. Wannan yunƙuri ya haifar da kafa wasu ƙungiyoyi guda biyu waɗanda suka jagoranci tafiyar da lamurran addinin Musulunci a Najeriya - Jama'atu Nasril Islam, sai kuma daga baya Jama'atu Izalatil Bidi'a wa Iqamatussunnah - lamarin da ya yi tasiri kan miliyoyin mabiya addinin a Najeriya. Shekara 33 bayan rasuwarsa, miliyoyin Musulmai a Najeriya na ci gaba da bin koyarwarsa, sannan ƙungiyoyin da ya jagoranci kafawa ne a gaba-gaba wajen yaɗawa da kuma tafiyar da al'amuran Musulunci a ƙasar. Baya ga Shehu Usman Danfodiyo, wanda ya yi jihadin sake ɗabbaƙa addinin Musulunci a ƙasar Hausa a farkon shekarun 1800, ana ganin cewa babu wani malami da koyarsa ta Musulunci ta yi tasiri a Najeriya kamar Abubakar Gumi. Wasu masana addini ma na ganin tasirin da Gumi ya yi "ta fi" ta Usman Danfodio, kasancewar a lokacinsa akwai hanyoyin sadarwa irin su talabijin da rediyo da hanyar wallafa litattafai da jaridu, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen yaɗa ayyukansa a ƙasar Hausa da maƙwafta. <ref>Bbc</ref> == Kawo sauyi == Tun kafin yunƙurin samar da ƙungiyoyin sake ilimantar da Musulman Najeriya kan ibada, Abubakar Gumi ya kasance mutum mai neman kawo sauyi, lamarin da ya sa ya yi ƙaurin suna tsakanin malamai da sarakuna har ma da turawan mulkin mallaka. A cikin littafinsa na Manufata, Gumi ya tuno yadda ya ƙalubalanci malaman addinin Musulunci waɗanda suke yin addini "yadda suka ga dama". Gumi ya ce "Sufanci ya zamo jiki a tsakanin al'umma ta yadda babu wanda ya damu ya binciki ko ya yi daidai da koyawar al-Ƙur'ani da hadisan annabi Muhammad". Irin wannan yunƙuri nasa ya fara jan hankali ne a lokacin da yake koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru a shekarar 1949. A lokacin ya fahimci yadda malaman addini da kuma sauran al'umma ke cakuɗa ibada da al'adu ko wasu abubuwa na daban. Limamin Juma'a na Maru a wancan lokaci ya kasance yana yin taimama domin yin sallah a maimakon alwala da ruwa, duk kuwa da wadatuwar ruwan da kuma rashin wata hujja ta yin taimamar. Bayan yunƙurin da ya yi na faɗakar da limamin game da 'haramcin' hakan, amma abin ya ci tura, Gumi ya hana ɗalibansa halartar sallar Juma'a a babban masallacin Maru, inda ya riƙa jan su sallah a cikin makaranta. A matsayin martani, sarkin Maru ya rubuta takardar ƙorafi kan Abubakar Gumi zuwa ga fadar sarkin Musulmi da kuma hukumomi turawan mulkin mallaka. Sai dai a ƙarshe Abubakar Gumi ne ya yi nasara ta hanyar gabatar da hujjoji masu ƙarfi da suka tabbatar da koyarwarsa. A game da turawan mulkin mallaka, Gumi ya ce "Idan na tuna ɓarnar da mulkin mallakar Birtaniya ya yi a ƙasarmu, nakan riƙa mamakin yadda mutanenmu suka kwashe tsawon shekaru ba tare da sun fahimci hakan ba. "Hatta a tsakanin masu iliminmu, ƙalilan ne suke tsayawa su fahimci yadda mulkin mallaka ya illa ga tunaninmu".<ref>bbc</ref> == Littafin da ya yamutsa hazo == Littafin da Abubakar Gumi ya rubuta a shekara ta 1972 mai taken 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha bi-Muwafaqat al-Shar'i' ya haifar da zazzafar muhawara tsakanin Musulman arewacin Najeriya sanadiyyar kakkausar sukar da littafin ya yi kan wasu ayyuka na masu bin akidar sufanci. A wannan lokaci kusan ɗaukacin Musulman Najeriya na bin tsari ne na ɗariƙa, wadda ta samo asali daga koyarwa irin ta sufanci. Da farko Abubakar Gumi ya ce ya rubuta littafin ne domin amfanin masu ilimi, kasancewar koyarwar littafin zai yi tsaurin fahimta ga mabiya, waɗanda iliminsu bai yi nisa ba. Sai dai a lokacin da ya tafi Saudiyya, sai Mallam Isma'ila Idris ya ɗauki littafin ya yi wa'azi da shi a birnin Kaduna, wani abu da ya haifar da ruɗani, abin da ya kai ga dole sai da ya ajiye aikinsa na gwamnati a matsayin malami. Bayan ajiye aiki, Mallam Idris ya shiga aikin soja, inda ya yi aiki a garuruwa da dama na Najeriya, kafin mayar da shi garin Jos, kuma duk inda ya je ya riƙa koyar da karatu ta hanyar amfani da littafin Sheikh Gumi na 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha'. Wannan ne ya haifar da ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar Izalatil Bidi'a wa iƙamatussunnah a birnin Jos. Da'awar Gumi na kira ga Musulmi su yi aiki da karantarwar al-Ƙur'ani da kuma Hadisan Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) kawai, wani abu da ake ganin ya kawo gagarumin sauyi a yadda ake tafiyar da ibada a Najeriya da wasu ƙasashen da ke maƙwaftaka a lokacin.<ref>bbc</ref> == Wane ne Abubakar Gumi? == An haifi Abubakar Mahmud Gumi ne ranar Juma'a 7 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1924, wadda ita ce Juma'a ta ƙarshe ta watan Ramadan na shekara ta 1344 bayan hijira, kamar yadda malamin ya bayyana a cikin litattafinsa. Shahararren malamin addinin Musulunci ne kuma masanin shari'a, wanda ya kai har matsayin Alkalin Alkalai (Grand kadi) na arewacin Najeriya. Ya fara samun ilimi ne a wajen mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi. Sunan mahaifinsa Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, wanda ake kiransa da Na-Gumi, saboda zaman da ya yi a garin Gumi bayan zama a wurare daban-daban na ƙasar Hausa, kamar Katsina, Borno da Dutse. Mahaifin Abubakar Gumi ya kasance babban malamin addinin Musulunci da shari'a, kuma ɗaya daga cikin malamai da aka fi girmamawa a yankin Sokoto da Zamfara da kuma Kebbi a zamaninsa. Kakan mahaifin Abubakar Gumi shi ne Sheikh Aliyu Barou el-Badawi, wanda ya fito daga ƙabilar Larabawa ta Bedouin, waɗanda aka sani da kiwo a yankin Larabawa da arewacin nahiyar Afirka. Babu cikakken bayani kan yadda ya isa yankin Sokoto, amma dai ana ganin zuwan sa ba ya rasa nasaba da ziyarar da Larabawa suka riƙa yi zuwa ƙasar Hausa bayan ƙarni na 15, lokacin da Musulunci ya samu karɓuwa a ƙasar Hausa. Sunan mahaifiyar Abubakar Gumi Hafsatu, ɗiyar Malam Adamu, wadda mahaifinsa ya aura lokacin da yake koyarwa a Jega.<ref>bbc</ref> == Karatu == Abubakar Gumi ya fara karatunsa ne a hannun mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, inda ya haddace al-Ƙur'ani sannan kuma ya yi karatun litattafai da dama. Bayan nan a shekara ta 1933 ya shiga makarantar boko ta Dogon Daji Elementary School, inda daga baya aka mayar da shi makarantar Middle da ke Sokoto a shekara ta 1936. Daga nan ne ya tafi makarantar ilimin shari'a ta Kano. Sannan a shekara ta 1952 ya zurfafa karatu a makarantar koyar da Larabci ta Kano. Daga nan ne kuma ya yi karatun babbar difloma a cibiyar ilimi ta Bakht al-Rida da ke Sudan daga shekarar 1955 zuwa 1956. A shekarar 1987, Gumi ya lashe kyautar Sarki Faisal kan hidima ga addinin Muslunci. Daga cikin abubuwan da suka sa ya cancanci lambar girmamawar su ne wa'azi da kuma koyar da addinin Musulunci, taimakawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam da fassara alƙur'ani zuwa harshen Hausa da kuma rubuta litattafai na addinin Musulunci.<ref>bbc</ref> == Ayyukan ilimi == Abubakar Gumi ya yi gagarumar hidima ta hanyar rubuce-rubuce da kuma fassarar litattafai na addini.<ref>Bbc</ref> Litattafan da ya rubuta waɗanda suka fi yin fice sun haɗa da:<ref>Bbc</ref> * Tafsirin Al-ƙur'ani na '''Rad al-Azhan ila Ma'ani al-Qur`an''' * Al-Aqidah al-Sahiha bi Muwafaqat al-Shari'a * Kitab al-Nasihaila Amir MantiqatKatsina * Manufata / Where I Stand * Hal al-Niza` fi Mas´alatNuzul Isa alaih al-Salatwa al-Salam * Musulunchi da Abinda ke Rushe Shi * Zad al-Haj * Kitab Maratib al-Islam * Kitab Manasik al-hajwa al-Umra '''Fassara:''' * Fassarar ma'anonin al-Ƙur'ani mai girma * Fassarar Hadisai Arba'in (al-Nawawi) * Fassarar littafin Nur al-Bab * Fassarar littafin Hidayat al-Tullab fiAhamMasail al-Din == Rasuwa == Sheikh Abubakar Mahmoud Gumi ya rasu ne a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1992, a birnin Landan na ƙasar Birtaniya. A lokacin da ya rasu, al'umma sun girgiza kasancerwar sa mutumin da ya samu karɓuwa a tsakanin shugabanni da masu sarauta da kuma sauran al'umma. Gumi ya kasance malami, alƙali kuma tsani tsakanin shugabanni da talakawa. Baya ga batun addini, Sheikh Gumi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ɓangaren mulki da kuma ayyukan gwamnati. Ya kasance mai kusanci sosai ga masu mulki, sannan ya riƙa ƙarfafa wa al'ummar arewacin Najeriya, musamman Musulmai gwiwa wajen shiga ayyukan gwamnati da karatun zamani. Tsarin koyarwarsa ya sha bamban, inda ake yaba masa wajen haƙuri tare da ƙoƙarin ganin al'umma sun fahimci abin da yake koyarwa.<ref>bbc</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gumi, Abubakar Mahmud}} 2iqkt1uyv4fqi07hpxk1gsyb71kmbo1 829838 829837 2026-05-05T04:49:55Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829838 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Sultan Bello Mosque 05.jpg|thumb|Masallacin [[Masallacin Sarkin Musulmi Bello|Sultan Bello]] dake Kaduna inda Malam Abubakar Gummi ya yi limanci tare da gabatar da wa'azinsa.]] [[File:Abubakar Mahmoud Gummi.jpg|thumb|Malam Abubakar Gummi]] '''Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi''' (an haife shi a shekara 1962 –zuwa shekarar 1992)<ref name="HunwickO'Fahey1994">{{cite book|author1=John O. Hunwick|author2=Rex Séan O'Fahey|title=Arabic Literature of Africa: The writings of central Sudanic Africa Vol.2. Volume 13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nKXOThUEpcC&pg=PA551dq=Abubakar+Gummi+1922|year=1994|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-10494-1|page=551}}</ref> malamin Addinin Musulunci ne ɗan Najeriya kuma alƙalin alƙalai na yankin [[Arewacin Najeriya]], matsayin da ya sanya shi ya zama cibiyar tafsirin tsarin shari’a a yankin. Ya kasance na kusa da [[Ahmadu Bello]], Firimiyan Arewa a shekarun alif 1950 zuwa 1960 kuma ya zama Grand Khadi a shekara ta 1967, Kafin a soke wannan mukamin daga baya. Gummi ya fito a matsayin shugaba mai faɗa a ji a lokacin mulkin mallaka, inda yake ganin tsarin mulkin kai tsaye ya raunana ƙarfin addini na sarakuna da kuma ƙarfafa Turawan Yamma. Tun daga shekarun alif 1960 ne ake samun rigingimu tsakanin jama’a tsakaninsa da shugabannin ‘yan’uwantakar Sufaye, waɗanda daga baya ya yi muhawara a shirye-shiryen talabijin a shekarun alif 1970 zuwa shekara ta alif 1980. A wannan lokacin ya ci gaba da maida hankalinsa wajen gudanar da tarukan juma'a a cikin babban masallacin Kaduna ([[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]). Ya yi amfani da zaman wajen Farfaɗo da sukar da ya ke yi wa hukumomi bisa ga ra'ayinsa na koma baya ga tsarin tushen ko kuma buƙatar rungumar aikin tsafta na Musulunci. Ya kuma yi suka da kakkausar murya kan shigar sufanci. Yana da ’ya’ya da yawa, daga ciki akwai [[Ahmad Gumi|Dr. Ahmad Abubakar Gummi]] wanda ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin malamin babban masallacin Kaduna (Sultan Bello), Dakta Ahmad Gummi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] Zariya. kuma tsohon hafsan soji ne, ya bar aikin soja, ya yi tattaki zuwa jami'ar umm al-Qura da ke [[Makkah]], ƙasar [[Saudiyya]] inda ya yi karatun digirin digirgir (PhD). Gummi mabiyin mazhabar [[malikiyya]] ne, wannan ya samo asali ne ta hanyar rubuce-rubucen sa da suka haɗa da tafsirin alkur'ani (Raddul azhaan ila ma'anil Ƙur'an). da sauran littafai kamar (hullu nizam ala nuzuul isa) da (Al-Aqidatus As-Saheehah bi muwafaqati ash- Shari'ah) da sauransu == Karatu == Ya yi karatu da rubuce-rubuce a kan addinin [[musulunci]] sosai, ya fassara [[Qur'an|Qur'ani]] zuwa [[Hausa|harshen Hausa]], kuma shi ne mutum na farko daya rubuta tarjama wato fassarar ɗai-ɗaikun ayoyin dake Alkur'ani.<ref>John N. Paden, Muslim Civic Cultures and Conflict Resolution: the challenge of democratic federalism in Nigeria, Brookings Institution Press, 2005. p 60. ISBN 0-8157-6817-6</ref> Hakan ne ya sa ya samu nasarar samun kyautar Sarki Faisal(King Faisal Award), daga ƙasar saudiya. Malamin dai ya kasance babban aboki kuma mai ba wa Firimiya [[Ahmadu Bello]] sardaunan Sakkwato shawara. Shi ne mahaifin Dakta Shaykh [[Ahmad Gumi]]. == Shahara == Gumi ya shahara tun lokacin mulkin mallakar Turawa a matsayin mai faɗa a ji, yana sukar salon Mulkin [[Turawa]], cewa ya karya lagon sarakunan Musulmi kuma hakan yana Ƙara karfafa al'adun Turai a ƙasashen musulunci. A farkon shekara ta 1960 an samu barkewar rikici tsakanin sa da malaman sufaye wanda daga baya rikicin ya koma muhawara a gidajen rediyo da talabijin a shekarun 1970 zuwa shekara ta 1980.<ref>The Independent: "Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi" by Karl Maier 16 September 1992</ref> Ya riƙa amfani da ranakun Juma'a a matsayin lokutan yada akidunsa a babban masallacin Juma'a na [[Kaduna]] mai suna [[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]. == Dangi == Abubakar Gumi ba a san takamaiman yawan yayansa ba, amma mafi shahara a cikinsu shi ne Dr. [[Ahmad Gumi]] Wanda shi ne ya gaji Mahaifinsa a matsayin mai gabatar da wa'azi a masallacin na Sultan Bello dake Kaduna. Dr Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke [[Zariya]]. Kuma tsohon jami'in sojin Nijeriya ne, ya bar aikin soja inda ya tafi zuwa ƙasar Saudiyya domin karanta ilimin fikihu, a jami'ar [[Ummul Quraa]] da ke birnin [[Makkah|Makka]] inda ya samu shaidar digirin digir-gir.<ref>John Owen Hunwick. Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan, Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. ISBN 0-8101-1037-7</ref> [[File:Nigerian Public Domain 105.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Abubakar Gumi a shekarar 1970.]] == Tarihi == === Rayuwar farko da ilimi === An haifi Gumi a kauyen Gummi (yanzu karamar hukuma ce a jihar Zamfara ) a ranar Juma'ar karshe na watan Ramadan shekara ta 1344, ga iyalan Mahmud, malamin addinin Musulunci kuma Alkali (alkali) na Gummi. Iliminsa ya fara ne a bangon danginsa lokacin yana dalibin koyarwar addinin musulunci na mahaifinsa. Daga nan ya wuce makarantar da ke karkashin kulawar wani Malami mai suna Musa da ke Ambursa a lardin Sakkwato . A nan aka gabatar da shi ilimin Fiqhu da karanta littafai da waqoqin yabo ga Annabi. Makarantar boko ta farko da ya yi ita ce makarantar firamare ta Dogondaji, yayin da a makarantar firamare ya hadu da Sarkin Musulmi na 18 a nan gaba, Ibrahim Dasuki, kuma ya yi fice a harkokin addini. An nada shi Hakimin Salla (shugaban sallah) kuma an dora masa alhakin ciyar da dalibai ayyukan addini. A cikin shekara guda aka mayar da shi Makarantar Midil ta Sakkwato, inda Ahmadu Bello yake koyarwa. A nan ne ya saba da Shehu Shagari, da Waziri Muhammadu Junaidu, da Yahaya Gusau; na baya-bayan nan shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam, wata fitacciyar kungiyar Musulmi ta Najeriya . Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na secondary ya tafi [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] inda ya karanta fannin shari'a sannan ya samu horon Qadi . Ya fara aiki a matsayin magatakarda ga Qadi Attahiru amma ba da jimawa ba ya rasa nasaba da takamaiman aikinsa. Ya ba da darussa na sirri kan Musulunci da [[tafsiri]] a matsayin kubuta daga bacin ransa. Ya rasa mahaifinsa a shekara ta 1937 a lokacin da yake makarantar sakandare. Ya yi aure bayan shekara 3 da Maryama a shekarar 1941 yana dan shekara 19. <ref name="IndependentObit">{{Cite web |date=1992-09-15 |title=Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sheikh-abubakar-mahmud-gumi-1551628.html |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> === Farkon aiki === A shekarar 1947 Abubakar Gumi ya bar aikin sakatare na Qadi Attahiru ya tafi koyarwa a makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta Kano, wadda ya taba halarta a baya. A lokacin da yake Kano, ya hadu da Sheik Sa'id Hayatu, dan shugaban Mahdiyya na karni na 19, Hayatu ibn Sa'id, kuma wani mutum da ake ganin yana daya daga cikin fitattun wadanda mulkin mallaka ya rutsa da su. Shi ne shugaban kungiyar Mahdiyya, kuma ya dawo daga zaman tilas a kasar Kamaru . Abubakar ya shaku da koyarwar harkar Mahdiyya, a takaice ya zama mabiyi; Daga baya ya auri diyar Hayatu, Maryam. Duk da haka, ta rasu bayan ta haifi ɗa namiji. Dan Abubakar Gumi na farko ba Ahmad Abubakar ba ne, Dr Hamza Abubakar likita ne da ke aiki a yanzu haka a birnin Riyadh na kasar Saudiyya, sai kuma Manjo Janar Abdulkadir Abubakar (rtd) da kuma yaya mata biyu – daya ya auri marigayi Mai shari’a Muhammadu Bello, tsohon alkalin alkalai na tarayya, dayan kuma ta auri Sheik Sunusi Gumbi, sanannen malamin addinin musulunci kuma dalibin Abubakar Gumi. A 1949 Gumi ya sami aikin koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru, Sakkwato. Makarantar tana da wani shahararren malami mai suna [[Aminu Kano]], wanda shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar malamai ta Arewa kuma mai kula da wasu ‘yan [[Makarantar Islamiyya|makarantun musulmi]] . Aminu da Gumi sun yi cudanya tare da raba ra’ayoyi kan tasirin al’ummar gargajiya da addinin Musulunci, da kuma halin ko in kula ko goyon bayan da ‘yan’uwan Sufaye suke ba wa halin da ake ciki na [[Bida|Bidi’a]] . Ya bar Maru ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar koyon Larabci da ke Kano. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya zama malami na tsawon shekaru biyu a makarantar. Ya kuma halarci makarantar ilimi a Sudan. <ref name="Hunwick">John Owen Hunwick. ''Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan'', Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. {{ISBN|0-8101-1037-7}}</ref> A 1957 ya zama mai fassara ga gwamnatin Arewacin Najeriya kan al'amuran [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] . == Rikici == Abubakar Gumi yana da ra'ayi game da tsarin mulki da na addini na jami'an masarautu a Arewacin Najeriya. Rikicin akidarsa na farko da hukumomi shine a Maru. Rikici ya shafi aikin Tayamum . Babban Limamin Masallacin Maru ya kasance yana yin wanka da yashi (Tayammum) gabanin Sallah yayin da Gumi ya yi nuni da cewa Tayammu ana amfani da ita ne kawai idan ba a samu ruwa ba, kuma ana samun ruwa sosai a Maru . Gumi ya ci gaba da kalubalantar wannan al’ada, inda ya nemi dalibai da kada su fito don yin Sallah har sai Imam ya fasa yin Taimiyya. Sai dai Gumi wanda a baya ya rubuta kakkausar murya kan Sarkin Musulmi, yanzu ya samu Sarkin Musulmi yana sha’awar kokensa da babban limamin Maru. An kafa kwamitin bincike kan lamarin tare da goyon bayan Sarkin Musulmi. Sai dai da yake Gumi ya fi sanin aqidar Musulunci, haka nan kuma basirarsa ta gardama, sai hukumar ta yanke hukunci a kan Gumi. [1] Bayan samun nasara kadan a kan Sarkin Musulmi, Gumi ya yi amfani da hankalin da ya samu ta hanyar rubuta wata kasida mai mahimmanci a kan batun Musulmi, musamman Sarkin Musulmi, ya karbi mukaman Ingila . A lokacin, sannu a hankali ya fara ƙalubalantar imani da halaye na ayyuka a tsakanin al'ummar musulmi. [ abubuwan da ake bukata ] Wani harin da Gumi ya kai shi ne kungiyar [[Ahmadiyya]] karkashin jagorancin [[Jibril Martin]] . Yunkurin ya kasance manufa mai sauƙi ga Gumi, saboda wasu ra'ayoyin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar sun yi hannun riga da ainihin akidar Musulunci, kamar yadda wanda ya kafa ya sanya kansa a matsayin annabci . Daga baya Gumi ya fara fargabar wannan harkar ne sakamakon kwarewar tsarin kungiya na wanda ya assasa Najeriya, a hankali kungiyar ta shiga cikin hukumar alhazai ta yammacin Najeriya, sannan ta kafa makarantun almajirai a Kudu sannan kuma ya tashi zuwa arewa wajen yada manufofin Ahmadiyya. Gumi ya dauki wannan kalubale cikin sauki sannan aka dakile manufar kungiyar ta arewa. == Bayyanarshi a Kafafen yaɗa labarai == Sheik Gumi ya yi hajjin sa na farko zuwa Makka a shekarar 1955 kuma Ahmadu Bello ne ya hada shi da shi. Yayin da yake Makka ya yi tafsirin ayyukan addinin Musulunci tare da Bello da Sarki Sa'ud. Ya kuma sadu da dimbin al'ummar al'ummar musulmi ko kuma al'ummar musulmi a kasar Saudiyya, wadanda da yawa daga baya suka zama masu kyautata masa bayan rasuwar Ahmadu Bello a shekarar 1966. Da ya dawo Najeriya ya fara koyarwa a Makarantar Koyon Larabci da ke Kano da kuma wasu Makarantun Musulmi da kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam (JNI) ta kafa wacce ke kusa da birnin Kaduna. Babban bangare na koyarwarsa ya mayar da hankali kan bambance-bambancen al'ada da addini, da yadda za a fahimta da kuma rungumar asalin Musulunci. Ya kuma rubuta tafsirin kur'ani wanda akasari a kan sunna, ya kuma fassara kur'ani daga Larabci zuwa Hausa . Wannan tsari ya kai ga yada Littafi Mai Tsarki ga dimbin jama’ar Arewacin Najeriya, kuma ra’ayoyinsa da sakonsa kan muhimman koyarwar Musulunci sun fara samun dimbin masu sauraro. [1] Sai dai adawar da ya yi da manyan 'yan uwantakar Sufaye kamar Tijjaniyya da Qadiriyya ta jawo masa suka a kai a kai, kuma wasu daga cikin musulmi suka rika kai masa hari kan tafsirinsa; ya kan amsa da cewa su ci gaba da yin tafsirin nasu, idan ba sa son nasa. [1] A shekarun 1970 ya zama mai yawan fitowa a shirye-shiryen talabijin, musamman a lokutan bukukuwan Musulunci. "Lokacin da muka je wurin jifan shaiɗan (Jamra) sa'ilin aikin Hajji, sai mutanenmu suka riƙa yin wasu abubuwa marasa ma'ana. "Wasu suka riƙa nemo manyan duwatsu, wasu kuma suka riƙa cire takalmansu suna jifan jamrah, suna zage-zage da furta munanan kalamai, da sunan jifan shaiɗan." Wannan na daga cikin abubuwan da suka sanya Sheikh Abubakar Gumi ya yi yunƙuri a hukumance na sake faɗakar da mabiya addinin Musulunci a Najeriya yadda ake yin addini, bayan sanar da Firimiyan arewa na farko Ahmadu Bello, kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗaliban marigayin, Sheikh Yusuf Sambo Rigachikun ya tabbatar wa BBC. Wannan yunƙuri ya haifar da kafa wasu ƙungiyoyi guda biyu waɗanda suka jagoranci tafiyar da lamurran addinin Musulunci a Najeriya - Jama'atu Nasril Islam, sai kuma daga baya Jama'atu Izalatil Bidi'a wa Iqamatussunnah - lamarin da ya yi tasiri kan miliyoyin mabiya addinin a Najeriya. Shekara 33 bayan rasuwarsa, miliyoyin Musulmai a Najeriya na ci gaba da bin koyarwarsa, sannan ƙungiyoyin da ya jagoranci kafawa ne a gaba-gaba wajen yaɗawa da kuma tafiyar da al'amuran Musulunci a ƙasar. Baya ga Shehu Usman Danfodiyo, wanda ya yi jihadin sake ɗabbaƙa addinin Musulunci a ƙasar Hausa a farkon shekarun 1800, ana ganin cewa babu wani malami da koyarsa ta Musulunci ta yi tasiri a Najeriya kamar Abubakar Gumi. Wasu masana addini ma na ganin tasirin da Gumi ya yi "ta fi" ta Usman Danfodio, kasancewar a lokacinsa akwai hanyoyin sadarwa irin su talabijin da rediyo da hanyar wallafa litattafai da jaridu, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen yaɗa ayyukansa a ƙasar Hausa da maƙwafta. <ref>Bbc</ref> == Kawo sauyi == Tun kafin yunƙurin samar da ƙungiyoyin sake ilimantar da Musulman Najeriya kan ibada, Abubakar Gumi ya kasance mutum mai neman kawo sauyi, lamarin da ya sa ya yi ƙaurin suna tsakanin malamai da sarakuna har ma da turawan mulkin mallaka. A cikin littafinsa na Manufata, Gumi ya tuno yadda ya ƙalubalanci malaman addinin Musulunci waɗanda suke yin addini "yadda suka ga dama". Gumi ya ce "Sufanci ya zamo jiki a tsakanin al'umma ta yadda babu wanda ya damu ya binciki ko ya yi daidai da koyawar al-Ƙur'ani da hadisan annabi Muhammad". Irin wannan yunƙuri nasa ya fara jan hankali ne a lokacin da yake koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru a shekarar 1949. A lokacin ya fahimci yadda malaman addini da kuma sauran al'umma ke cakuɗa ibada da al'adu ko wasu abubuwa na daban. Limamin Juma'a na Maru a wancan lokaci ya kasance yana yin taimama domin yin sallah a maimakon alwala da ruwa, duk kuwa da wadatuwar ruwan da kuma rashin wata hujja ta yin taimamar. Bayan yunƙurin da ya yi na faɗakar da limamin game da 'haramcin' hakan, amma abin ya ci tura, Gumi ya hana ɗalibansa halartar sallar Juma'a a babban masallacin Maru, inda ya riƙa jan su sallah a cikin makaranta. A matsayin martani, sarkin Maru ya rubuta takardar ƙorafi kan Abubakar Gumi zuwa ga fadar sarkin Musulmi da kuma hukumomi turawan mulkin mallaka. Sai dai a ƙarshe Abubakar Gumi ne ya yi nasara ta hanyar gabatar da hujjoji masu ƙarfi da suka tabbatar da koyarwarsa. A game da turawan mulkin mallaka, Gumi ya ce "Idan na tuna ɓarnar da mulkin mallakar Birtaniya ya yi a ƙasarmu, nakan riƙa mamakin yadda mutanenmu suka kwashe tsawon shekaru ba tare da sun fahimci hakan ba. "Hatta a tsakanin masu iliminmu, ƙalilan ne suke tsayawa su fahimci yadda mulkin mallaka ya illa ga tunaninmu".<ref>bbc</ref> == Littafin da ya yamutsa hazo == Littafin da Abubakar Gumi ya rubuta a shekara ta 1972 mai taken 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha bi-Muwafaqat al-Shar'i' ya haifar da zazzafar muhawara tsakanin Musulman arewacin Najeriya sanadiyyar kakkausar sukar da littafin ya yi kan wasu ayyuka na masu bin akidar sufanci. A wannan lokaci kusan ɗaukacin Musulman Najeriya na bin tsari ne na ɗariƙa, wadda ta samo asali daga koyarwa irin ta sufanci. Da farko Abubakar Gumi ya ce ya rubuta littafin ne domin amfanin masu ilimi, kasancewar koyarwar littafin zai yi tsaurin fahimta ga mabiya, waɗanda iliminsu bai yi nisa ba. Sai dai a lokacin da ya tafi Saudiyya, sai Mallam Isma'ila Idris ya ɗauki littafin ya yi wa'azi da shi a birnin Kaduna, wani abu da ya haifar da ruɗani, abin da ya kai ga dole sai da ya ajiye aikinsa na gwamnati a matsayin malami. Bayan ajiye aiki, Mallam Idris ya shiga aikin soja, inda ya yi aiki a garuruwa da dama na Najeriya, kafin mayar da shi garin Jos, kuma duk inda ya je ya riƙa koyar da karatu ta hanyar amfani da littafin Sheikh Gumi na 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha'. Wannan ne ya haifar da ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar Izalatil Bidi'a wa iƙamatussunnah a birnin Jos. Da'awar Gumi na kira ga Musulmi su yi aiki da karantarwar al-Ƙur'ani da kuma Hadisan Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) kawai, wani abu da ake ganin ya kawo gagarumin sauyi a yadda ake tafiyar da ibada a Najeriya da wasu ƙasashen da ke maƙwaftaka a lokacin.<ref>bbc</ref> == Wane ne Abubakar Gumi? == An haifi Abubakar Mahmud Gumi ne ranar Juma'a 7 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1924, wadda ita ce Juma'a ta ƙarshe ta watan Ramadan na shekara ta 1344 bayan hijira, kamar yadda malamin ya bayyana a cikin litattafinsa. Shahararren malamin addinin Musulunci ne kuma masanin shari'a, wanda ya kai har matsayin Alkalin Alkalai (Grand kadi) na arewacin Najeriya. Ya fara samun ilimi ne a wajen mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi. Sunan mahaifinsa Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, wanda ake kiransa da Na-Gumi, saboda zaman da ya yi a garin Gumi bayan zama a wurare daban-daban na ƙasar Hausa, kamar Katsina, Borno da Dutse. Mahaifin Abubakar Gumi ya kasance babban malamin addinin Musulunci da shari'a, kuma ɗaya daga cikin malamai da aka fi girmamawa a yankin Sokoto da Zamfara da kuma Kebbi a zamaninsa. Kakan mahaifin Abubakar Gumi shi ne Sheikh Aliyu Barou el-Badawi, wanda ya fito daga ƙabilar Larabawa ta Bedouin, waɗanda aka sani da kiwo a yankin Larabawa da arewacin nahiyar Afirka. Babu cikakken bayani kan yadda ya isa yankin Sokoto, amma dai ana ganin zuwan sa ba ya rasa nasaba da ziyarar da Larabawa suka riƙa yi zuwa ƙasar Hausa bayan ƙarni na 15, lokacin da Musulunci ya samu karɓuwa a ƙasar Hausa. Sunan mahaifiyar Abubakar Gumi Hafsatu, ɗiyar Malam Adamu, wadda mahaifinsa ya aura lokacin da yake koyarwa a Jega.<ref>bbc</ref> == Karatu == Abubakar Gumi ya fara karatunsa ne a hannun mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, inda ya haddace al-Ƙur'ani sannan kuma ya yi karatun litattafai da dama. Bayan nan a shekara ta 1933 ya shiga makarantar boko ta Dogon Daji Elementary School, inda daga baya aka mayar da shi makarantar Middle da ke Sokoto a shekara ta 1936. Daga nan ne ya tafi makarantar ilimin shari'a ta Kano. Sannan a shekara ta 1952 ya zurfafa karatu a makarantar koyar da Larabci ta Kano. Daga nan ne kuma ya yi karatun babbar difloma a cibiyar ilimi ta Bakht al-Rida da ke Sudan daga shekarar 1955 zuwa 1956. A shekarar 1987, Gumi ya lashe kyautar Sarki Faisal kan hidima ga addinin Muslunci. Daga cikin abubuwan da suka sa ya cancanci lambar girmamawar su ne wa'azi da kuma koyar da addinin Musulunci, taimakawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam da fassara alƙur'ani zuwa harshen Hausa da kuma rubuta litattafai na addinin Musulunci.<ref>bbc</ref> == Ayyukan ilimi == Abubakar Gumi ya yi gagarumar hidima ta hanyar rubuce-rubuce da kuma fassarar litattafai na addini.<ref>Bbc</ref> Litattafan da ya rubuta waɗanda suka fi yin fice sun haɗa da:<ref>Bbc</ref> * Tafsirin Al-ƙur'ani na '''Rad al-Azhan ila Ma'ani al-Qur`an''' * Al-Aqidah al-Sahiha bi Muwafaqat al-Shari'a * Kitab al-Nasihaila Amir MantiqatKatsina * Manufata / Where I Stand * Hal al-Niza` fi Mas´alatNuzul Isa alaih al-Salatwa al-Salam * Musulunchi da Abinda ke Rushe Shi * Zad al-Haj * Kitab Maratib al-Islam * Kitab Manasik al-hajwa al-Umra '''Fassara:''' * Fassarar ma'anonin al-Ƙur'ani mai girma * Fassarar Hadisai Arba'in (al-Nawawi) * Fassarar littafin Nur al-Bab * Fassarar littafin Hidayat al-Tullab fiAhamMasail al-Din == Rasuwa == Sheikh Abubakar Mahmoud Gumi ya rasu ne a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1992, a birnin Landan na ƙasar Birtaniya. A lokacin da ya rasu, al'umma sun girgiza kasancerwar sa mutumin da ya samu karɓuwa a tsakanin shugabanni da masu sarauta da kuma sauran al'umma. Gumi ya kasance malami, alƙali kuma tsani tsakanin shugabanni da talakawa. Baya ga batun addini, Sheikh Gumi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ɓangaren mulki da kuma ayyukan gwamnati. Ya kasance mai kusanci sosai ga masu mulki, sannan ya riƙa ƙarfafa wa al'ummar arewacin Najeriya, musamman Musulmai gwiwa wajen shiga ayyukan gwamnati da karatun zamani. Tsarin koyarwarsa ya sha bamban, inda ake yaba masa wajen haƙuri tare da ƙoƙarin ganin al'umma sun fahimci abin da yake koyarwa.<ref>bbc</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gumi, Abubakar Mahmud}} 2y4qfb97pbllqjg6dqjrqxlni4gytpm 829840 829838 2026-05-05T04:50:25Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829840 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Sultan Bello Mosque 05.jpg|thumb|Masallacin [[Masallacin Sarkin Musulmi Bello|Sultan Bello]] dake Kaduna inda Malam Abubakar Gummi ya yi limanci tare da gabatar da wa'azinsa.]] [[File:Abubakar Mahmoud Gummi.jpg|thumb|Malam Abubakar Gummi]] '''Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi''' (an haife shi a shekara 1962 –zuwa shekarar 1992)<ref name="HunwickO'Fahey1994">{{cite book|author1=John O. Hunwick|author2=Rex Séan O'Fahey|title=Arabic Literature of Africa: The writings of central Sudanic Africa Vol.2. Volume 13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nKXOThUEpcC&pg=PA551dq=Abubakar+Gummi+1922|year=1994|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-10494-1|page=551}}</ref> malamin Addinin Musulunci ne ɗan Najeriya kuma alƙalin alƙalai na yankin [[Arewacin Najeriya]], matsayin da ya sanya shi ya zama cibiyar tafsirin tsarin shari’a a yankin. Ya kasance na kusa da [[Ahmadu Bello]], Firimiyan Arewa a shekarun alif 1950 zuwa 1960 kuma ya zama Grand Khadi a shekara ta 1967, Kafin a soke wannan mukamin daga baya. Gummi ya fito a matsayin shugaba mai faɗa a ji a lokacin mulkin mallaka, inda yake ganin tsarin mulkin kai tsaye ya raunana ƙarfin addini na sarakuna da kuma ƙarfafa Turawan Yamma. Tun daga shekarun alif 1960 ne ake samun rigingimu tsakanin jama’a tsakaninsa da shugabannin ‘yan’uwantakar Sufaye, waɗanda daga baya ya yi muhawara a shirye-shiryen talabijin a shekarun alif 1970 zuwa shekara ta alif 1980. A wannan lokacin ya ci gaba da maida hankalinsa wajen gudanar da tarukan juma'a a cikin babban masallacin Kaduna ([[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]). Ya yi amfani da zaman wajen Farfaɗo da sukar da ya ke yi wa hukumomi bisa ga ra'ayinsa na koma baya ga tsarin tushen ko kuma buƙatar rungumar aikin tsafta na Musulunci. Ya kuma yi suka da kakkausar murya kan shigar sufanci. Yana da ’ya’ya da yawa, daga ciki akwai [[Ahmad Gummi|Dr. Ahmad Abubakar Gummi]] wanda ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin malamin babban masallacin Kaduna (Sultan Bello), Dakta Ahmad Gummi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] Zariya. kuma tsohon hafsan soji ne, ya bar aikin soja, ya yi tattaki zuwa jami'ar umm al-Qura da ke [[Makkah]], ƙasar [[Saudiyya]] inda ya yi karatun digirin digirgir (PhD). Gummi mabiyin mazhabar [[malikiyya]] ne, wannan ya samo asali ne ta hanyar rubuce-rubucen sa da suka haɗa da tafsirin alkur'ani (Raddul azhaan ila ma'anil Ƙur'an). da sauran littafai kamar (hullu nizam ala nuzuul isa) da (Al-Aqidatus As-Saheehah bi muwafaqati ash- Shari'ah) da sauransu == Karatu == Ya yi karatu da rubuce-rubuce a kan addinin [[musulunci]] sosai, ya fassara [[Qur'an|Qur'ani]] zuwa [[Hausa|harshen Hausa]], kuma shi ne mutum na farko daya rubuta tarjama wato fassarar ɗai-ɗaikun ayoyin dake Alkur'ani.<ref>John N. Paden, Muslim Civic Cultures and Conflict Resolution: the challenge of democratic federalism in Nigeria, Brookings Institution Press, 2005. p 60. ISBN 0-8157-6817-6</ref> Hakan ne ya sa ya samu nasarar samun kyautar Sarki Faisal(King Faisal Award), daga ƙasar saudiya. Malamin dai ya kasance babban aboki kuma mai ba wa Firimiya [[Ahmadu Bello]] sardaunan Sakkwato shawara. Shi ne mahaifin Dakta Shaykh [[Ahmad Gumi]]. == Shahara == Gumi ya shahara tun lokacin mulkin mallakar Turawa a matsayin mai faɗa a ji, yana sukar salon Mulkin [[Turawa]], cewa ya karya lagon sarakunan Musulmi kuma hakan yana Ƙara karfafa al'adun Turai a ƙasashen musulunci. A farkon shekara ta 1960 an samu barkewar rikici tsakanin sa da malaman sufaye wanda daga baya rikicin ya koma muhawara a gidajen rediyo da talabijin a shekarun 1970 zuwa shekara ta 1980.<ref>The Independent: "Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi" by Karl Maier 16 September 1992</ref> Ya riƙa amfani da ranakun Juma'a a matsayin lokutan yada akidunsa a babban masallacin Juma'a na [[Kaduna]] mai suna [[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]. == Dangi == Abubakar Gumi ba a san takamaiman yawan yayansa ba, amma mafi shahara a cikinsu shi ne Dr. [[Ahmad Gumi]] Wanda shi ne ya gaji Mahaifinsa a matsayin mai gabatar da wa'azi a masallacin na Sultan Bello dake Kaduna. Dr Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke [[Zariya]]. Kuma tsohon jami'in sojin Nijeriya ne, ya bar aikin soja inda ya tafi zuwa ƙasar Saudiyya domin karanta ilimin fikihu, a jami'ar [[Ummul Quraa]] da ke birnin [[Makkah|Makka]] inda ya samu shaidar digirin digir-gir.<ref>John Owen Hunwick. Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan, Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. ISBN 0-8101-1037-7</ref> [[File:Nigerian Public Domain 105.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Abubakar Gumi a shekarar 1970.]] == Tarihi == === Rayuwar farko da ilimi === An haifi Gumi a kauyen Gummi (yanzu karamar hukuma ce a jihar Zamfara ) a ranar Juma'ar karshe na watan Ramadan shekara ta 1344, ga iyalan Mahmud, malamin addinin Musulunci kuma Alkali (alkali) na Gummi. Iliminsa ya fara ne a bangon danginsa lokacin yana dalibin koyarwar addinin musulunci na mahaifinsa. Daga nan ya wuce makarantar da ke karkashin kulawar wani Malami mai suna Musa da ke Ambursa a lardin Sakkwato . A nan aka gabatar da shi ilimin Fiqhu da karanta littafai da waqoqin yabo ga Annabi. Makarantar boko ta farko da ya yi ita ce makarantar firamare ta Dogondaji, yayin da a makarantar firamare ya hadu da Sarkin Musulmi na 18 a nan gaba, Ibrahim Dasuki, kuma ya yi fice a harkokin addini. An nada shi Hakimin Salla (shugaban sallah) kuma an dora masa alhakin ciyar da dalibai ayyukan addini. A cikin shekara guda aka mayar da shi Makarantar Midil ta Sakkwato, inda Ahmadu Bello yake koyarwa. A nan ne ya saba da Shehu Shagari, da Waziri Muhammadu Junaidu, da Yahaya Gusau; na baya-bayan nan shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam, wata fitacciyar kungiyar Musulmi ta Najeriya . Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na secondary ya tafi [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] inda ya karanta fannin shari'a sannan ya samu horon Qadi . Ya fara aiki a matsayin magatakarda ga Qadi Attahiru amma ba da jimawa ba ya rasa nasaba da takamaiman aikinsa. Ya ba da darussa na sirri kan Musulunci da [[tafsiri]] a matsayin kubuta daga bacin ransa. Ya rasa mahaifinsa a shekara ta 1937 a lokacin da yake makarantar sakandare. Ya yi aure bayan shekara 3 da Maryama a shekarar 1941 yana dan shekara 19. <ref name="IndependentObit">{{Cite web |date=1992-09-15 |title=Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sheikh-abubakar-mahmud-gumi-1551628.html |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> === Farkon aiki === A shekarar 1947 Abubakar Gumi ya bar aikin sakatare na Qadi Attahiru ya tafi koyarwa a makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta Kano, wadda ya taba halarta a baya. A lokacin da yake Kano, ya hadu da Sheik Sa'id Hayatu, dan shugaban Mahdiyya na karni na 19, Hayatu ibn Sa'id, kuma wani mutum da ake ganin yana daya daga cikin fitattun wadanda mulkin mallaka ya rutsa da su. Shi ne shugaban kungiyar Mahdiyya, kuma ya dawo daga zaman tilas a kasar Kamaru . Abubakar ya shaku da koyarwar harkar Mahdiyya, a takaice ya zama mabiyi; Daga baya ya auri diyar Hayatu, Maryam. Duk da haka, ta rasu bayan ta haifi ɗa namiji. Dan Abubakar Gumi na farko ba Ahmad Abubakar ba ne, Dr Hamza Abubakar likita ne da ke aiki a yanzu haka a birnin Riyadh na kasar Saudiyya, sai kuma Manjo Janar Abdulkadir Abubakar (rtd) da kuma yaya mata biyu – daya ya auri marigayi Mai shari’a Muhammadu Bello, tsohon alkalin alkalai na tarayya, dayan kuma ta auri Sheik Sunusi Gumbi, sanannen malamin addinin musulunci kuma dalibin Abubakar Gumi. A 1949 Gumi ya sami aikin koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru, Sakkwato. Makarantar tana da wani shahararren malami mai suna [[Aminu Kano]], wanda shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar malamai ta Arewa kuma mai kula da wasu ‘yan [[Makarantar Islamiyya|makarantun musulmi]] . Aminu da Gumi sun yi cudanya tare da raba ra’ayoyi kan tasirin al’ummar gargajiya da addinin Musulunci, da kuma halin ko in kula ko goyon bayan da ‘yan’uwan Sufaye suke ba wa halin da ake ciki na [[Bida|Bidi’a]] . Ya bar Maru ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar koyon Larabci da ke Kano. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya zama malami na tsawon shekaru biyu a makarantar. Ya kuma halarci makarantar ilimi a Sudan. <ref name="Hunwick">John Owen Hunwick. ''Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan'', Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. {{ISBN|0-8101-1037-7}}</ref> A 1957 ya zama mai fassara ga gwamnatin Arewacin Najeriya kan al'amuran [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] . == Rikici == Abubakar Gumi yana da ra'ayi game da tsarin mulki da na addini na jami'an masarautu a Arewacin Najeriya. Rikicin akidarsa na farko da hukumomi shine a Maru. Rikici ya shafi aikin Tayamum . Babban Limamin Masallacin Maru ya kasance yana yin wanka da yashi (Tayammum) gabanin Sallah yayin da Gumi ya yi nuni da cewa Tayammu ana amfani da ita ne kawai idan ba a samu ruwa ba, kuma ana samun ruwa sosai a Maru . Gumi ya ci gaba da kalubalantar wannan al’ada, inda ya nemi dalibai da kada su fito don yin Sallah har sai Imam ya fasa yin Taimiyya. Sai dai Gumi wanda a baya ya rubuta kakkausar murya kan Sarkin Musulmi, yanzu ya samu Sarkin Musulmi yana sha’awar kokensa da babban limamin Maru. An kafa kwamitin bincike kan lamarin tare da goyon bayan Sarkin Musulmi. Sai dai da yake Gumi ya fi sanin aqidar Musulunci, haka nan kuma basirarsa ta gardama, sai hukumar ta yanke hukunci a kan Gumi. [1] Bayan samun nasara kadan a kan Sarkin Musulmi, Gumi ya yi amfani da hankalin da ya samu ta hanyar rubuta wata kasida mai mahimmanci a kan batun Musulmi, musamman Sarkin Musulmi, ya karbi mukaman Ingila . A lokacin, sannu a hankali ya fara ƙalubalantar imani da halaye na ayyuka a tsakanin al'ummar musulmi. [ abubuwan da ake bukata ] Wani harin da Gumi ya kai shi ne kungiyar [[Ahmadiyya]] karkashin jagorancin [[Jibril Martin]] . Yunkurin ya kasance manufa mai sauƙi ga Gumi, saboda wasu ra'ayoyin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar sun yi hannun riga da ainihin akidar Musulunci, kamar yadda wanda ya kafa ya sanya kansa a matsayin annabci . Daga baya Gumi ya fara fargabar wannan harkar ne sakamakon kwarewar tsarin kungiya na wanda ya assasa Najeriya, a hankali kungiyar ta shiga cikin hukumar alhazai ta yammacin Najeriya, sannan ta kafa makarantun almajirai a Kudu sannan kuma ya tashi zuwa arewa wajen yada manufofin Ahmadiyya. Gumi ya dauki wannan kalubale cikin sauki sannan aka dakile manufar kungiyar ta arewa. == Bayyanarshi a Kafafen yaɗa labarai == Sheik Gumi ya yi hajjin sa na farko zuwa Makka a shekarar 1955 kuma Ahmadu Bello ne ya hada shi da shi. Yayin da yake Makka ya yi tafsirin ayyukan addinin Musulunci tare da Bello da Sarki Sa'ud. Ya kuma sadu da dimbin al'ummar al'ummar musulmi ko kuma al'ummar musulmi a kasar Saudiyya, wadanda da yawa daga baya suka zama masu kyautata masa bayan rasuwar Ahmadu Bello a shekarar 1966. Da ya dawo Najeriya ya fara koyarwa a Makarantar Koyon Larabci da ke Kano da kuma wasu Makarantun Musulmi da kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam (JNI) ta kafa wacce ke kusa da birnin Kaduna. Babban bangare na koyarwarsa ya mayar da hankali kan bambance-bambancen al'ada da addini, da yadda za a fahimta da kuma rungumar asalin Musulunci. Ya kuma rubuta tafsirin kur'ani wanda akasari a kan sunna, ya kuma fassara kur'ani daga Larabci zuwa Hausa . Wannan tsari ya kai ga yada Littafi Mai Tsarki ga dimbin jama’ar Arewacin Najeriya, kuma ra’ayoyinsa da sakonsa kan muhimman koyarwar Musulunci sun fara samun dimbin masu sauraro. [1] Sai dai adawar da ya yi da manyan 'yan uwantakar Sufaye kamar Tijjaniyya da Qadiriyya ta jawo masa suka a kai a kai, kuma wasu daga cikin musulmi suka rika kai masa hari kan tafsirinsa; ya kan amsa da cewa su ci gaba da yin tafsirin nasu, idan ba sa son nasa. [1] A shekarun 1970 ya zama mai yawan fitowa a shirye-shiryen talabijin, musamman a lokutan bukukuwan Musulunci. "Lokacin da muka je wurin jifan shaiɗan (Jamra) sa'ilin aikin Hajji, sai mutanenmu suka riƙa yin wasu abubuwa marasa ma'ana. "Wasu suka riƙa nemo manyan duwatsu, wasu kuma suka riƙa cire takalmansu suna jifan jamrah, suna zage-zage da furta munanan kalamai, da sunan jifan shaiɗan." Wannan na daga cikin abubuwan da suka sanya Sheikh Abubakar Gumi ya yi yunƙuri a hukumance na sake faɗakar da mabiya addinin Musulunci a Najeriya yadda ake yin addini, bayan sanar da Firimiyan arewa na farko Ahmadu Bello, kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗaliban marigayin, Sheikh Yusuf Sambo Rigachikun ya tabbatar wa BBC. Wannan yunƙuri ya haifar da kafa wasu ƙungiyoyi guda biyu waɗanda suka jagoranci tafiyar da lamurran addinin Musulunci a Najeriya - Jama'atu Nasril Islam, sai kuma daga baya Jama'atu Izalatil Bidi'a wa Iqamatussunnah - lamarin da ya yi tasiri kan miliyoyin mabiya addinin a Najeriya. Shekara 33 bayan rasuwarsa, miliyoyin Musulmai a Najeriya na ci gaba da bin koyarwarsa, sannan ƙungiyoyin da ya jagoranci kafawa ne a gaba-gaba wajen yaɗawa da kuma tafiyar da al'amuran Musulunci a ƙasar. Baya ga Shehu Usman Danfodiyo, wanda ya yi jihadin sake ɗabbaƙa addinin Musulunci a ƙasar Hausa a farkon shekarun 1800, ana ganin cewa babu wani malami da koyarsa ta Musulunci ta yi tasiri a Najeriya kamar Abubakar Gumi. Wasu masana addini ma na ganin tasirin da Gumi ya yi "ta fi" ta Usman Danfodio, kasancewar a lokacinsa akwai hanyoyin sadarwa irin su talabijin da rediyo da hanyar wallafa litattafai da jaridu, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen yaɗa ayyukansa a ƙasar Hausa da maƙwafta. <ref>Bbc</ref> == Kawo sauyi == Tun kafin yunƙurin samar da ƙungiyoyin sake ilimantar da Musulman Najeriya kan ibada, Abubakar Gumi ya kasance mutum mai neman kawo sauyi, lamarin da ya sa ya yi ƙaurin suna tsakanin malamai da sarakuna har ma da turawan mulkin mallaka. A cikin littafinsa na Manufata, Gumi ya tuno yadda ya ƙalubalanci malaman addinin Musulunci waɗanda suke yin addini "yadda suka ga dama". Gumi ya ce "Sufanci ya zamo jiki a tsakanin al'umma ta yadda babu wanda ya damu ya binciki ko ya yi daidai da koyawar al-Ƙur'ani da hadisan annabi Muhammad". Irin wannan yunƙuri nasa ya fara jan hankali ne a lokacin da yake koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru a shekarar 1949. A lokacin ya fahimci yadda malaman addini da kuma sauran al'umma ke cakuɗa ibada da al'adu ko wasu abubuwa na daban. Limamin Juma'a na Maru a wancan lokaci ya kasance yana yin taimama domin yin sallah a maimakon alwala da ruwa, duk kuwa da wadatuwar ruwan da kuma rashin wata hujja ta yin taimamar. Bayan yunƙurin da ya yi na faɗakar da limamin game da 'haramcin' hakan, amma abin ya ci tura, Gumi ya hana ɗalibansa halartar sallar Juma'a a babban masallacin Maru, inda ya riƙa jan su sallah a cikin makaranta. A matsayin martani, sarkin Maru ya rubuta takardar ƙorafi kan Abubakar Gumi zuwa ga fadar sarkin Musulmi da kuma hukumomi turawan mulkin mallaka. Sai dai a ƙarshe Abubakar Gumi ne ya yi nasara ta hanyar gabatar da hujjoji masu ƙarfi da suka tabbatar da koyarwarsa. A game da turawan mulkin mallaka, Gumi ya ce "Idan na tuna ɓarnar da mulkin mallakar Birtaniya ya yi a ƙasarmu, nakan riƙa mamakin yadda mutanenmu suka kwashe tsawon shekaru ba tare da sun fahimci hakan ba. "Hatta a tsakanin masu iliminmu, ƙalilan ne suke tsayawa su fahimci yadda mulkin mallaka ya illa ga tunaninmu".<ref>bbc</ref> == Littafin da ya yamutsa hazo == Littafin da Abubakar Gumi ya rubuta a shekara ta 1972 mai taken 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha bi-Muwafaqat al-Shar'i' ya haifar da zazzafar muhawara tsakanin Musulman arewacin Najeriya sanadiyyar kakkausar sukar da littafin ya yi kan wasu ayyuka na masu bin akidar sufanci. A wannan lokaci kusan ɗaukacin Musulman Najeriya na bin tsari ne na ɗariƙa, wadda ta samo asali daga koyarwa irin ta sufanci. Da farko Abubakar Gumi ya ce ya rubuta littafin ne domin amfanin masu ilimi, kasancewar koyarwar littafin zai yi tsaurin fahimta ga mabiya, waɗanda iliminsu bai yi nisa ba. Sai dai a lokacin da ya tafi Saudiyya, sai Mallam Isma'ila Idris ya ɗauki littafin ya yi wa'azi da shi a birnin Kaduna, wani abu da ya haifar da ruɗani, abin da ya kai ga dole sai da ya ajiye aikinsa na gwamnati a matsayin malami. Bayan ajiye aiki, Mallam Idris ya shiga aikin soja, inda ya yi aiki a garuruwa da dama na Najeriya, kafin mayar da shi garin Jos, kuma duk inda ya je ya riƙa koyar da karatu ta hanyar amfani da littafin Sheikh Gumi na 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha'. Wannan ne ya haifar da ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar Izalatil Bidi'a wa iƙamatussunnah a birnin Jos. Da'awar Gumi na kira ga Musulmi su yi aiki da karantarwar al-Ƙur'ani da kuma Hadisan Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) kawai, wani abu da ake ganin ya kawo gagarumin sauyi a yadda ake tafiyar da ibada a Najeriya da wasu ƙasashen da ke maƙwaftaka a lokacin.<ref>bbc</ref> == Wane ne Abubakar Gumi? == An haifi Abubakar Mahmud Gumi ne ranar Juma'a 7 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1924, wadda ita ce Juma'a ta ƙarshe ta watan Ramadan na shekara ta 1344 bayan hijira, kamar yadda malamin ya bayyana a cikin litattafinsa. Shahararren malamin addinin Musulunci ne kuma masanin shari'a, wanda ya kai har matsayin Alkalin Alkalai (Grand kadi) na arewacin Najeriya. Ya fara samun ilimi ne a wajen mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi. Sunan mahaifinsa Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, wanda ake kiransa da Na-Gumi, saboda zaman da ya yi a garin Gumi bayan zama a wurare daban-daban na ƙasar Hausa, kamar Katsina, Borno da Dutse. Mahaifin Abubakar Gumi ya kasance babban malamin addinin Musulunci da shari'a, kuma ɗaya daga cikin malamai da aka fi girmamawa a yankin Sokoto da Zamfara da kuma Kebbi a zamaninsa. Kakan mahaifin Abubakar Gumi shi ne Sheikh Aliyu Barou el-Badawi, wanda ya fito daga ƙabilar Larabawa ta Bedouin, waɗanda aka sani da kiwo a yankin Larabawa da arewacin nahiyar Afirka. Babu cikakken bayani kan yadda ya isa yankin Sokoto, amma dai ana ganin zuwan sa ba ya rasa nasaba da ziyarar da Larabawa suka riƙa yi zuwa ƙasar Hausa bayan ƙarni na 15, lokacin da Musulunci ya samu karɓuwa a ƙasar Hausa. Sunan mahaifiyar Abubakar Gumi Hafsatu, ɗiyar Malam Adamu, wadda mahaifinsa ya aura lokacin da yake koyarwa a Jega.<ref>bbc</ref> == Karatu == Abubakar Gumi ya fara karatunsa ne a hannun mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, inda ya haddace al-Ƙur'ani sannan kuma ya yi karatun litattafai da dama. Bayan nan a shekara ta 1933 ya shiga makarantar boko ta Dogon Daji Elementary School, inda daga baya aka mayar da shi makarantar Middle da ke Sokoto a shekara ta 1936. Daga nan ne ya tafi makarantar ilimin shari'a ta Kano. Sannan a shekara ta 1952 ya zurfafa karatu a makarantar koyar da Larabci ta Kano. Daga nan ne kuma ya yi karatun babbar difloma a cibiyar ilimi ta Bakht al-Rida da ke Sudan daga shekarar 1955 zuwa 1956. A shekarar 1987, Gumi ya lashe kyautar Sarki Faisal kan hidima ga addinin Muslunci. Daga cikin abubuwan da suka sa ya cancanci lambar girmamawar su ne wa'azi da kuma koyar da addinin Musulunci, taimakawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam da fassara alƙur'ani zuwa harshen Hausa da kuma rubuta litattafai na addinin Musulunci.<ref>bbc</ref> == Ayyukan ilimi == Abubakar Gumi ya yi gagarumar hidima ta hanyar rubuce-rubuce da kuma fassarar litattafai na addini.<ref>Bbc</ref> Litattafan da ya rubuta waɗanda suka fi yin fice sun haɗa da:<ref>Bbc</ref> * Tafsirin Al-ƙur'ani na '''Rad al-Azhan ila Ma'ani al-Qur`an''' * Al-Aqidah al-Sahiha bi Muwafaqat al-Shari'a * Kitab al-Nasihaila Amir MantiqatKatsina * Manufata / Where I Stand * Hal al-Niza` fi Mas´alatNuzul Isa alaih al-Salatwa al-Salam * Musulunchi da Abinda ke Rushe Shi * Zad al-Haj * Kitab Maratib al-Islam * Kitab Manasik al-hajwa al-Umra '''Fassara:''' * Fassarar ma'anonin al-Ƙur'ani mai girma * Fassarar Hadisai Arba'in (al-Nawawi) * Fassarar littafin Nur al-Bab * Fassarar littafin Hidayat al-Tullab fiAhamMasail al-Din == Rasuwa == Sheikh Abubakar Mahmoud Gumi ya rasu ne a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1992, a birnin Landan na ƙasar Birtaniya. A lokacin da ya rasu, al'umma sun girgiza kasancerwar sa mutumin da ya samu karɓuwa a tsakanin shugabanni da masu sarauta da kuma sauran al'umma. Gumi ya kasance malami, alƙali kuma tsani tsakanin shugabanni da talakawa. Baya ga batun addini, Sheikh Gumi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ɓangaren mulki da kuma ayyukan gwamnati. Ya kasance mai kusanci sosai ga masu mulki, sannan ya riƙa ƙarfafa wa al'ummar arewacin Najeriya, musamman Musulmai gwiwa wajen shiga ayyukan gwamnati da karatun zamani. Tsarin koyarwarsa ya sha bamban, inda ake yaba masa wajen haƙuri tare da ƙoƙarin ganin al'umma sun fahimci abin da yake koyarwa.<ref>bbc</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gumi, Abubakar Mahmud}} lh27jwoack4u0yzkgmqquk4ws3wpxsx 829841 829840 2026-05-05T04:51:13Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829841 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Sultan Bello Mosque 05.jpg|thumb|Masallacin [[Masallacin Sarkin Musulmi Bello|Sultan Bello]] dake Kaduna inda Malam Abubakar Gummi ya yi limanci tare da gabatar da wa'azinsa.]] [[File:Abubakar Mahmoud Gummi.jpg|thumb|Malam Abubakar Gummi]] '''Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi''' (an haife shi a shekara 1962 –zuwa shekarar 1992)<ref name="HunwickO'Fahey1994">{{cite book|author1=John O. Hunwick|author2=Rex Séan O'Fahey|title=Arabic Literature of Africa: The writings of central Sudanic Africa Vol.2. Volume 13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nKXOThUEpcC&pg=PA551dq=Abubakar+Gummi+1922|year=1994|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-10494-1|page=551}}</ref> malamin Addinin Musulunci ne ɗan Najeriya kuma alƙalin alƙalai na yankin [[Arewacin Najeriya]], matsayin da ya sanya shi ya zama cibiyar tafsirin tsarin shari’a a yankin. Ya kasance na kusa da [[Ahmadu Bello]], Firimiyan Arewa a shekarun alif 1950 zuwa 1960 kuma ya zama Grand Khadi a shekara ta 1967, Kafin a soke wannan mukamin daga baya. Gummi ya fito a matsayin shugaba mai faɗa a ji a lokacin mulkin mallaka, inda yake ganin tsarin mulkin kai tsaye ya raunana ƙarfin addini na sarakuna da kuma ƙarfafa Turawan Yamma. Tun daga shekarun alif 1960 ne ake samun rigingimu tsakanin jama’a tsakaninsa da shugabannin ‘yan’uwantakar Sufaye, waɗanda daga baya ya yi muhawara a shirye-shiryen talabijin a shekarun alif 1970 zuwa shekara ta alif 1980. A wannan lokacin ya ci gaba da maida hankalinsa wajen gudanar da tarukan juma'a a cikin babban masallacin Kaduna ([[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]). Ya yi amfani da zaman wajen Farfaɗo da sukar da ya ke yi wa hukumomi bisa ga ra'ayinsa na koma baya ga tsarin tushen ko kuma buƙatar rungumar aikin tsafta na Musulunci. Ya kuma yi suka da kakkausar murya kan shigar sufanci. Yana da ’ya’ya da yawa, daga ciki akwai [[Ahmad Gummi|Dr. Ahmad Abubakar Gummi]] wanda ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin malamin babban masallacin Kaduna (Sultan Bello), Dakta Ahmad Gummi ƙwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] Zariya. kuma tsohon hafsan soji ne, ya bar aikin soja, ya yi tattaki zuwa jami'ar umm al-Qura da ke [[Makkah]], ƙasar [[Saudiyya]] inda ya yi karatun digirin digirgir (PhD). Gummi mabiyin mazhabar [[malikiyya]] ne, wannan ya samo asali ne ta hanyar rubuce-rubucen sa da suka haɗa da tafsirin alkur'ani (Raddul azhaan ila ma'anil Ƙur'an). da sauran littafai kamar (hullu nizam ala nuzuul isa) da (Al-Aqidatus As-Saheehah bi muwafaqati ash- Shari'ah) da sauransu == Karatu == Ya yi karatu da rubuce-rubuce a kan addinin [[musulunci]] sosai, ya fassara [[Qur'an|Qur'ani]] zuwa [[Hausa|harshen Hausa]], kuma shi ne mutum na farko daya rubuta tarjama wato fassarar ɗai-ɗaikun ayoyin dake Alkur'ani.<ref>John N. Paden, Muslim Civic Cultures and Conflict Resolution: the challenge of democratic federalism in Nigeria, Brookings Institution Press, 2005. p 60. ISBN 0-8157-6817-6</ref> Hakan ne ya sa ya samu nasarar samun kyautar Sarki Faisal(King Faisal Award), daga ƙasar saudiya. Malamin dai ya kasance babban aboki kuma mai ba wa Firimiya [[Ahmadu Bello]] sardaunan Sakkwato shawara. Shi ne mahaifin Dakta Shaykh [[Ahmad Gumi]]. == Shahara == Gumi ya shahara tun lokacin mulkin mallakar Turawa a matsayin mai faɗa a ji, yana sukar salon Mulkin [[Turawa]], cewa ya karya lagon sarakunan Musulmi kuma hakan yana Ƙara karfafa al'adun Turai a ƙasashen musulunci. A farkon shekara ta 1960 an samu barkewar rikici tsakanin sa da malaman sufaye wanda daga baya rikicin ya koma muhawara a gidajen rediyo da talabijin a shekarun 1970 zuwa shekara ta 1980.<ref>The Independent: "Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi" by Karl Maier 16 September 1992</ref> Ya riƙa amfani da ranakun Juma'a a matsayin lokutan yada akidunsa a babban masallacin Juma'a na [[Kaduna]] mai suna [[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]. == Dangi == Abubakar Gumi ba a san takamaiman yawan yayansa ba, amma mafi shahara a cikinsu shi ne Dr. [[Ahmad Gumi]] Wanda shi ne ya gaji Mahaifinsa a matsayin mai gabatar da wa'azi a masallacin na Sultan Bello dake Kaduna. Dr Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke [[Zariya]]. Kuma tsohon jami'in sojin Nijeriya ne, ya bar aikin soja inda ya tafi zuwa ƙasar Saudiyya domin karanta ilimin fikihu, a jami'ar [[Ummul Quraa]] da ke birnin [[Makkah|Makka]] inda ya samu shaidar digirin digir-gir.<ref>John Owen Hunwick. Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan, Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. ISBN 0-8101-1037-7</ref> [[File:Nigerian Public Domain 105.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Abubakar Gumi a shekarar 1970.]] == Tarihi == === Rayuwar farko da ilimi === An haifi Gumi a kauyen Gummi (yanzu karamar hukuma ce a jihar Zamfara ) a ranar Juma'ar karshe na watan Ramadan shekara ta 1344, ga iyalan Mahmud, malamin addinin Musulunci kuma Alkali (alkali) na Gummi. Iliminsa ya fara ne a bangon danginsa lokacin yana dalibin koyarwar addinin musulunci na mahaifinsa. Daga nan ya wuce makarantar da ke karkashin kulawar wani Malami mai suna Musa da ke Ambursa a lardin Sakkwato . A nan aka gabatar da shi ilimin Fiqhu da karanta littafai da waqoqin yabo ga Annabi. Makarantar boko ta farko da ya yi ita ce makarantar firamare ta Dogondaji, yayin da a makarantar firamare ya hadu da Sarkin Musulmi na 18 a nan gaba, Ibrahim Dasuki, kuma ya yi fice a harkokin addini. An nada shi Hakimin Salla (shugaban sallah) kuma an dora masa alhakin ciyar da dalibai ayyukan addini. A cikin shekara guda aka mayar da shi Makarantar Midil ta Sakkwato, inda Ahmadu Bello yake koyarwa. A nan ne ya saba da Shehu Shagari, da Waziri Muhammadu Junaidu, da Yahaya Gusau; na baya-bayan nan shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam, wata fitacciyar kungiyar Musulmi ta Najeriya . Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na secondary ya tafi [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] inda ya karanta fannin shari'a sannan ya samu horon Qadi . Ya fara aiki a matsayin magatakarda ga Qadi Attahiru amma ba da jimawa ba ya rasa nasaba da takamaiman aikinsa. Ya ba da darussa na sirri kan Musulunci da [[tafsiri]] a matsayin kubuta daga bacin ransa. Ya rasa mahaifinsa a shekara ta 1937 a lokacin da yake makarantar sakandare. Ya yi aure bayan shekara 3 da Maryama a shekarar 1941 yana dan shekara 19. <ref name="IndependentObit">{{Cite web |date=1992-09-15 |title=Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sheikh-abubakar-mahmud-gumi-1551628.html |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> === Farkon aiki === A shekarar 1947 Abubakar Gumi ya bar aikin sakatare na Qadi Attahiru ya tafi koyarwa a makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta Kano, wadda ya taba halarta a baya. A lokacin da yake Kano, ya hadu da Sheik Sa'id Hayatu, dan shugaban Mahdiyya na karni na 19, Hayatu ibn Sa'id, kuma wani mutum da ake ganin yana daya daga cikin fitattun wadanda mulkin mallaka ya rutsa da su. Shi ne shugaban kungiyar Mahdiyya, kuma ya dawo daga zaman tilas a kasar Kamaru . Abubakar ya shaku da koyarwar harkar Mahdiyya, a takaice ya zama mabiyi; Daga baya ya auri diyar Hayatu, Maryam. Duk da haka, ta rasu bayan ta haifi ɗa namiji. Dan Abubakar Gumi na farko ba Ahmad Abubakar ba ne, Dr Hamza Abubakar likita ne da ke aiki a yanzu haka a birnin Riyadh na kasar Saudiyya, sai kuma Manjo Janar Abdulkadir Abubakar (rtd) da kuma yaya mata biyu – daya ya auri marigayi Mai shari’a Muhammadu Bello, tsohon alkalin alkalai na tarayya, dayan kuma ta auri Sheik Sunusi Gumbi, sanannen malamin addinin musulunci kuma dalibin Abubakar Gumi. A 1949 Gumi ya sami aikin koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru, Sakkwato. Makarantar tana da wani shahararren malami mai suna [[Aminu Kano]], wanda shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar malamai ta Arewa kuma mai kula da wasu ‘yan [[Makarantar Islamiyya|makarantun musulmi]] . Aminu da Gumi sun yi cudanya tare da raba ra’ayoyi kan tasirin al’ummar gargajiya da addinin Musulunci, da kuma halin ko in kula ko goyon bayan da ‘yan’uwan Sufaye suke ba wa halin da ake ciki na [[Bida|Bidi’a]] . Ya bar Maru ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar koyon Larabci da ke Kano. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya zama malami na tsawon shekaru biyu a makarantar. Ya kuma halarci makarantar ilimi a Sudan. <ref name="Hunwick">John Owen Hunwick. ''Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan'', Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. {{ISBN|0-8101-1037-7}}</ref> A 1957 ya zama mai fassara ga gwamnatin Arewacin Najeriya kan al'amuran [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] . == Rikici == Abubakar Gumi yana da ra'ayi game da tsarin mulki da na addini na jami'an masarautu a Arewacin Najeriya. Rikicin akidarsa na farko da hukumomi shine a Maru. Rikici ya shafi aikin Tayamum . Babban Limamin Masallacin Maru ya kasance yana yin wanka da yashi (Tayammum) gabanin Sallah yayin da Gumi ya yi nuni da cewa Tayammu ana amfani da ita ne kawai idan ba a samu ruwa ba, kuma ana samun ruwa sosai a Maru . Gumi ya ci gaba da kalubalantar wannan al’ada, inda ya nemi dalibai da kada su fito don yin Sallah har sai Imam ya fasa yin Taimiyya. Sai dai Gumi wanda a baya ya rubuta kakkausar murya kan Sarkin Musulmi, yanzu ya samu Sarkin Musulmi yana sha’awar kokensa da babban limamin Maru. An kafa kwamitin bincike kan lamarin tare da goyon bayan Sarkin Musulmi. Sai dai da yake Gumi ya fi sanin aqidar Musulunci, haka nan kuma basirarsa ta gardama, sai hukumar ta yanke hukunci a kan Gumi. [1] Bayan samun nasara kadan a kan Sarkin Musulmi, Gumi ya yi amfani da hankalin da ya samu ta hanyar rubuta wata kasida mai mahimmanci a kan batun Musulmi, musamman Sarkin Musulmi, ya karbi mukaman Ingila . A lokacin, sannu a hankali ya fara ƙalubalantar imani da halaye na ayyuka a tsakanin al'ummar musulmi. [ abubuwan da ake bukata ] Wani harin da Gumi ya kai shi ne kungiyar [[Ahmadiyya]] karkashin jagorancin [[Jibril Martin]] . Yunkurin ya kasance manufa mai sauƙi ga Gumi, saboda wasu ra'ayoyin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar sun yi hannun riga da ainihin akidar Musulunci, kamar yadda wanda ya kafa ya sanya kansa a matsayin annabci . Daga baya Gumi ya fara fargabar wannan harkar ne sakamakon kwarewar tsarin kungiya na wanda ya assasa Najeriya, a hankali kungiyar ta shiga cikin hukumar alhazai ta yammacin Najeriya, sannan ta kafa makarantun almajirai a Kudu sannan kuma ya tashi zuwa arewa wajen yada manufofin Ahmadiyya. Gumi ya dauki wannan kalubale cikin sauki sannan aka dakile manufar kungiyar ta arewa. == Bayyanarshi a Kafafen yaɗa labarai == Sheik Gumi ya yi hajjin sa na farko zuwa Makka a shekarar 1955 kuma Ahmadu Bello ne ya hada shi da shi. Yayin da yake Makka ya yi tafsirin ayyukan addinin Musulunci tare da Bello da Sarki Sa'ud. Ya kuma sadu da dimbin al'ummar al'ummar musulmi ko kuma al'ummar musulmi a kasar Saudiyya, wadanda da yawa daga baya suka zama masu kyautata masa bayan rasuwar Ahmadu Bello a shekarar 1966. Da ya dawo Najeriya ya fara koyarwa a Makarantar Koyon Larabci da ke Kano da kuma wasu Makarantun Musulmi da kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam (JNI) ta kafa wacce ke kusa da birnin Kaduna. Babban bangare na koyarwarsa ya mayar da hankali kan bambance-bambancen al'ada da addini, da yadda za a fahimta da kuma rungumar asalin Musulunci. Ya kuma rubuta tafsirin kur'ani wanda akasari a kan sunna, ya kuma fassara kur'ani daga Larabci zuwa Hausa . Wannan tsari ya kai ga yada Littafi Mai Tsarki ga dimbin jama’ar Arewacin Najeriya, kuma ra’ayoyinsa da sakonsa kan muhimman koyarwar Musulunci sun fara samun dimbin masu sauraro. [1] Sai dai adawar da ya yi da manyan 'yan uwantakar Sufaye kamar Tijjaniyya da Qadiriyya ta jawo masa suka a kai a kai, kuma wasu daga cikin musulmi suka rika kai masa hari kan tafsirinsa; ya kan amsa da cewa su ci gaba da yin tafsirin nasu, idan ba sa son nasa. [1] A shekarun 1970 ya zama mai yawan fitowa a shirye-shiryen talabijin, musamman a lokutan bukukuwan Musulunci. "Lokacin da muka je wurin jifan shaiɗan (Jamra) sa'ilin aikin Hajji, sai mutanenmu suka riƙa yin wasu abubuwa marasa ma'ana. "Wasu suka riƙa nemo manyan duwatsu, wasu kuma suka riƙa cire takalmansu suna jifan jamrah, suna zage-zage da furta munanan kalamai, da sunan jifan shaiɗan." Wannan na daga cikin abubuwan da suka sanya Sheikh Abubakar Gumi ya yi yunƙuri a hukumance na sake faɗakar da mabiya addinin Musulunci a Najeriya yadda ake yin addini, bayan sanar da Firimiyan arewa na farko Ahmadu Bello, kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗaliban marigayin, Sheikh Yusuf Sambo Rigachikun ya tabbatar wa BBC. Wannan yunƙuri ya haifar da kafa wasu ƙungiyoyi guda biyu waɗanda suka jagoranci tafiyar da lamurran addinin Musulunci a Najeriya - Jama'atu Nasril Islam, sai kuma daga baya Jama'atu Izalatil Bidi'a wa Iqamatussunnah - lamarin da ya yi tasiri kan miliyoyin mabiya addinin a Najeriya. Shekara 33 bayan rasuwarsa, miliyoyin Musulmai a Najeriya na ci gaba da bin koyarwarsa, sannan ƙungiyoyin da ya jagoranci kafawa ne a gaba-gaba wajen yaɗawa da kuma tafiyar da al'amuran Musulunci a ƙasar. Baya ga Shehu Usman Danfodiyo, wanda ya yi jihadin sake ɗabbaƙa addinin Musulunci a ƙasar Hausa a farkon shekarun 1800, ana ganin cewa babu wani malami da koyarsa ta Musulunci ta yi tasiri a Najeriya kamar Abubakar Gumi. Wasu masana addini ma na ganin tasirin da Gumi ya yi "ta fi" ta Usman Danfodio, kasancewar a lokacinsa akwai hanyoyin sadarwa irin su talabijin da rediyo da hanyar wallafa litattafai da jaridu, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen yaɗa ayyukansa a ƙasar Hausa da maƙwafta. <ref>Bbc</ref> == Kawo sauyi == Tun kafin yunƙurin samar da ƙungiyoyin sake ilimantar da Musulman Najeriya kan ibada, Abubakar Gumi ya kasance mutum mai neman kawo sauyi, lamarin da ya sa ya yi ƙaurin suna tsakanin malamai da sarakuna har ma da turawan mulkin mallaka. A cikin littafinsa na Manufata, Gumi ya tuno yadda ya ƙalubalanci malaman addinin Musulunci waɗanda suke yin addini "yadda suka ga dama". Gumi ya ce "Sufanci ya zamo jiki a tsakanin al'umma ta yadda babu wanda ya damu ya binciki ko ya yi daidai da koyawar al-Ƙur'ani da hadisan annabi Muhammad". Irin wannan yunƙuri nasa ya fara jan hankali ne a lokacin da yake koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru a shekarar 1949. A lokacin ya fahimci yadda malaman addini da kuma sauran al'umma ke cakuɗa ibada da al'adu ko wasu abubuwa na daban. Limamin Juma'a na Maru a wancan lokaci ya kasance yana yin taimama domin yin sallah a maimakon alwala da ruwa, duk kuwa da wadatuwar ruwan da kuma rashin wata hujja ta yin taimamar. Bayan yunƙurin da ya yi na faɗakar da limamin game da 'haramcin' hakan, amma abin ya ci tura, Gumi ya hana ɗalibansa halartar sallar Juma'a a babban masallacin Maru, inda ya riƙa jan su sallah a cikin makaranta. A matsayin martani, sarkin Maru ya rubuta takardar ƙorafi kan Abubakar Gumi zuwa ga fadar sarkin Musulmi da kuma hukumomi turawan mulkin mallaka. Sai dai a ƙarshe Abubakar Gumi ne ya yi nasara ta hanyar gabatar da hujjoji masu ƙarfi da suka tabbatar da koyarwarsa. A game da turawan mulkin mallaka, Gumi ya ce "Idan na tuna ɓarnar da mulkin mallakar Birtaniya ya yi a ƙasarmu, nakan riƙa mamakin yadda mutanenmu suka kwashe tsawon shekaru ba tare da sun fahimci hakan ba. "Hatta a tsakanin masu iliminmu, ƙalilan ne suke tsayawa su fahimci yadda mulkin mallaka ya illa ga tunaninmu".<ref>bbc</ref> == Littafin da ya yamutsa hazo == Littafin da Abubakar Gumi ya rubuta a shekara ta 1972 mai taken 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha bi-Muwafaqat al-Shar'i' ya haifar da zazzafar muhawara tsakanin Musulman arewacin Najeriya sanadiyyar kakkausar sukar da littafin ya yi kan wasu ayyuka na masu bin akidar sufanci. A wannan lokaci kusan ɗaukacin Musulman Najeriya na bin tsari ne na ɗariƙa, wadda ta samo asali daga koyarwa irin ta sufanci. Da farko Abubakar Gumi ya ce ya rubuta littafin ne domin amfanin masu ilimi, kasancewar koyarwar littafin zai yi tsaurin fahimta ga mabiya, waɗanda iliminsu bai yi nisa ba. Sai dai a lokacin da ya tafi Saudiyya, sai Mallam Isma'ila Idris ya ɗauki littafin ya yi wa'azi da shi a birnin Kaduna, wani abu da ya haifar da ruɗani, abin da ya kai ga dole sai da ya ajiye aikinsa na gwamnati a matsayin malami. Bayan ajiye aiki, Mallam Idris ya shiga aikin soja, inda ya yi aiki a garuruwa da dama na Najeriya, kafin mayar da shi garin Jos, kuma duk inda ya je ya riƙa koyar da karatu ta hanyar amfani da littafin Sheikh Gumi na 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha'. Wannan ne ya haifar da ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar Izalatil Bidi'a wa iƙamatussunnah a birnin Jos. Da'awar Gumi na kira ga Musulmi su yi aiki da karantarwar al-Ƙur'ani da kuma Hadisan Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) kawai, wani abu da ake ganin ya kawo gagarumin sauyi a yadda ake tafiyar da ibada a Najeriya da wasu ƙasashen da ke maƙwaftaka a lokacin.<ref>bbc</ref> == Wane ne Abubakar Gumi? == An haifi Abubakar Mahmud Gumi ne ranar Juma'a 7 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1924, wadda ita ce Juma'a ta ƙarshe ta watan Ramadan na shekara ta 1344 bayan hijira, kamar yadda malamin ya bayyana a cikin litattafinsa. Shahararren malamin addinin Musulunci ne kuma masanin shari'a, wanda ya kai har matsayin Alkalin Alkalai (Grand kadi) na arewacin Najeriya. Ya fara samun ilimi ne a wajen mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi. Sunan mahaifinsa Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, wanda ake kiransa da Na-Gumi, saboda zaman da ya yi a garin Gumi bayan zama a wurare daban-daban na ƙasar Hausa, kamar Katsina, Borno da Dutse. Mahaifin Abubakar Gumi ya kasance babban malamin addinin Musulunci da shari'a, kuma ɗaya daga cikin malamai da aka fi girmamawa a yankin Sokoto da Zamfara da kuma Kebbi a zamaninsa. Kakan mahaifin Abubakar Gumi shi ne Sheikh Aliyu Barou el-Badawi, wanda ya fito daga ƙabilar Larabawa ta Bedouin, waɗanda aka sani da kiwo a yankin Larabawa da arewacin nahiyar Afirka. Babu cikakken bayani kan yadda ya isa yankin Sokoto, amma dai ana ganin zuwan sa ba ya rasa nasaba da ziyarar da Larabawa suka riƙa yi zuwa ƙasar Hausa bayan ƙarni na 15, lokacin da Musulunci ya samu karɓuwa a ƙasar Hausa. Sunan mahaifiyar Abubakar Gumi Hafsatu, ɗiyar Malam Adamu, wadda mahaifinsa ya aura lokacin da yake koyarwa a Jega.<ref>bbc</ref> == Karatu == Abubakar Gumi ya fara karatunsa ne a hannun mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, inda ya haddace al-Ƙur'ani sannan kuma ya yi karatun litattafai da dama. Bayan nan a shekara ta 1933 ya shiga makarantar boko ta Dogon Daji Elementary School, inda daga baya aka mayar da shi makarantar Middle da ke Sokoto a shekara ta 1936. Daga nan ne ya tafi makarantar ilimin shari'a ta Kano. Sannan a shekara ta 1952 ya zurfafa karatu a makarantar koyar da Larabci ta Kano. Daga nan ne kuma ya yi karatun babbar difloma a cibiyar ilimi ta Bakht al-Rida da ke Sudan daga shekarar 1955 zuwa 1956. A shekarar 1987, Gumi ya lashe kyautar Sarki Faisal kan hidima ga addinin Muslunci. Daga cikin abubuwan da suka sa ya cancanci lambar girmamawar su ne wa'azi da kuma koyar da addinin Musulunci, taimakawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam da fassara alƙur'ani zuwa harshen Hausa da kuma rubuta litattafai na addinin Musulunci.<ref>bbc</ref> == Ayyukan ilimi == Abubakar Gumi ya yi gagarumar hidima ta hanyar rubuce-rubuce da kuma fassarar litattafai na addini.<ref>Bbc</ref> Litattafan da ya rubuta waɗanda suka fi yin fice sun haɗa da:<ref>Bbc</ref> * Tafsirin Al-ƙur'ani na '''Rad al-Azhan ila Ma'ani al-Qur`an''' * Al-Aqidah al-Sahiha bi Muwafaqat al-Shari'a * Kitab al-Nasihaila Amir MantiqatKatsina * Manufata / Where I Stand * Hal al-Niza` fi Mas´alatNuzul Isa alaih al-Salatwa al-Salam * Musulunchi da Abinda ke Rushe Shi * Zad al-Haj * Kitab Maratib al-Islam * Kitab Manasik al-hajwa al-Umra '''Fassara:''' * Fassarar ma'anonin al-Ƙur'ani mai girma * Fassarar Hadisai Arba'in (al-Nawawi) * Fassarar littafin Nur al-Bab * Fassarar littafin Hidayat al-Tullab fiAhamMasail al-Din == Rasuwa == Sheikh Abubakar Mahmoud Gumi ya rasu ne a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1992, a birnin Landan na ƙasar Birtaniya. A lokacin da ya rasu, al'umma sun girgiza kasancerwar sa mutumin da ya samu karɓuwa a tsakanin shugabanni da masu sarauta da kuma sauran al'umma. Gumi ya kasance malami, alƙali kuma tsani tsakanin shugabanni da talakawa. Baya ga batun addini, Sheikh Gumi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ɓangaren mulki da kuma ayyukan gwamnati. Ya kasance mai kusanci sosai ga masu mulki, sannan ya riƙa ƙarfafa wa al'ummar arewacin Najeriya, musamman Musulmai gwiwa wajen shiga ayyukan gwamnati da karatun zamani. Tsarin koyarwarsa ya sha bamban, inda ake yaba masa wajen haƙuri tare da ƙoƙarin ganin al'umma sun fahimci abin da yake koyarwa.<ref>bbc</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gumi, Abubakar Mahmud}} h84twm8qb0lksi8jw5zi9afvx07ij27 829844 829841 2026-05-05T04:51:59Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829844 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Sultan Bello Mosque 05.jpg|thumb|Masallacin [[Masallacin Sarkin Musulmi Bello|Sultan Bello]] dake Kaduna inda Malam Abubakar Gummi ya yi limanci tare da gabatar da wa'azinsa.]] [[File:Abubakar Mahmoud Gummi.jpg|thumb|Malam Abubakar Gummi]] '''Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi''' (an haife shi a shekara 1962 –zuwa shekarar 1992)<ref name="HunwickO'Fahey1994">{{cite book|author1=John O. Hunwick|author2=Rex Séan O'Fahey|title=Arabic Literature of Africa: The writings of central Sudanic Africa Vol.2. Volume 13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nKXOThUEpcC&pg=PA551dq=Abubakar+Gummi+1922|year=1994|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-10494-1|page=551}}</ref> malamin Addinin Musulunci ne ɗan Najeriya kuma alƙalin alƙalai na yankin [[Arewacin Najeriya]], matsayin da ya sanya shi ya zama cibiyar tafsirin tsarin shari’a a yankin. Ya kasance na kusa da [[Ahmadu Bello]], Firimiyan Arewa a shekarun alif 1950 zuwa 1960 kuma ya zama Grand Khadi a shekara ta 1967, Kafin a soke wannan mukamin daga baya. Gummi ya fito a matsayin shugaba mai faɗa a ji a lokacin mulkin mallaka, inda yake ganin tsarin mulkin kai tsaye ya raunana ƙarfin addini na sarakuna da kuma ƙarfafa Turawan Yamma. Tun daga shekarun alif 1960 ne ake samun rigingimu tsakanin jama’a tsakaninsa da shugabannin ‘yan’uwantakar Sufaye, waɗanda daga baya ya yi muhawara a shirye-shiryen talabijin a shekarun alif 1970 zuwa shekara ta alif 1980. A wannan lokacin ya ci gaba da maida hankalinsa wajen gudanar da tarukan juma'a a cikin babban masallacin Kaduna ([[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]). Ya yi amfani da zaman wajen Farfaɗo da sukar da ya ke yi wa hukumomi bisa ga ra'ayinsa na koma baya ga tsarin tushen ko kuma buƙatar rungumar aikin tsafta na Musulunci. Ya kuma yi suka da kakkausar murya kan shigar sufanci. Yana da ’ya’ya da yawa, daga ciki akwai [[Ahmad Gummi|Dr. Ahmad Abubakar Gummi]] wanda ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin malamin babban masallacin Kaduna (Sultan Bello), Dakta Ahmad Gummi ƙwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] Zariya. kuma tsohon hafsan soji ne, ya bar aikin soja, ya yi tattaki zuwa jami'ar umm al-Qura da ke [[Makkah]], ƙasar [[Saudiyya]] inda ya yi karatun digirin digirgir (PhD). Gummi mabiyin mazhabar [[malikiyya]] ne, wannan ya samo asali ne ta hanyar rubuce-rubucen sa da suka haɗa da tafsirin alƙur'ani (Raddul azhaan ila ma'anil Ƙur'an). da sauran littafai kamar (hullu nizam ala nuzuul isa) da (Al-Aqidatus As-Saheehah bi muwafaqati ash- Shari'ah) da sauransu == Karatu == Ya yi karatu da rubuce-rubuce a kan addinin [[musulunci]] sosai, ya fassara [[Qur'an|Qur'ani]] zuwa [[Hausa|harshen Hausa]], kuma shi ne mutum na farko daya rubuta tarjama wato fassarar ɗai-ɗaikun ayoyin dake Alkur'ani.<ref>John N. Paden, Muslim Civic Cultures and Conflict Resolution: the challenge of democratic federalism in Nigeria, Brookings Institution Press, 2005. p 60. ISBN 0-8157-6817-6</ref> Hakan ne ya sa ya samu nasarar samun kyautar Sarki Faisal(King Faisal Award), daga ƙasar saudiya. Malamin dai ya kasance babban aboki kuma mai ba wa Firimiya [[Ahmadu Bello]] sardaunan Sakkwato shawara. Shi ne mahaifin Dakta Shaykh [[Ahmad Gumi]]. == Shahara == Gumi ya shahara tun lokacin mulkin mallakar Turawa a matsayin mai faɗa a ji, yana sukar salon Mulkin [[Turawa]], cewa ya karya lagon sarakunan Musulmi kuma hakan yana Ƙara karfafa al'adun Turai a ƙasashen musulunci. A farkon shekara ta 1960 an samu barkewar rikici tsakanin sa da malaman sufaye wanda daga baya rikicin ya koma muhawara a gidajen rediyo da talabijin a shekarun 1970 zuwa shekara ta 1980.<ref>The Independent: "Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi" by Karl Maier 16 September 1992</ref> Ya riƙa amfani da ranakun Juma'a a matsayin lokutan yada akidunsa a babban masallacin Juma'a na [[Kaduna]] mai suna [[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]. == Dangi == Abubakar Gumi ba a san takamaiman yawan yayansa ba, amma mafi shahara a cikinsu shi ne Dr. [[Ahmad Gumi]] Wanda shi ne ya gaji Mahaifinsa a matsayin mai gabatar da wa'azi a masallacin na Sultan Bello dake Kaduna. Dr Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke [[Zariya]]. Kuma tsohon jami'in sojin Nijeriya ne, ya bar aikin soja inda ya tafi zuwa ƙasar Saudiyya domin karanta ilimin fikihu, a jami'ar [[Ummul Quraa]] da ke birnin [[Makkah|Makka]] inda ya samu shaidar digirin digir-gir.<ref>John Owen Hunwick. Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan, Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. ISBN 0-8101-1037-7</ref> [[File:Nigerian Public Domain 105.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Abubakar Gumi a shekarar 1970.]] == Tarihi == === Rayuwar farko da ilimi === An haifi Gumi a kauyen Gummi (yanzu karamar hukuma ce a jihar Zamfara ) a ranar Juma'ar karshe na watan Ramadan shekara ta 1344, ga iyalan Mahmud, malamin addinin Musulunci kuma Alkali (alkali) na Gummi. Iliminsa ya fara ne a bangon danginsa lokacin yana dalibin koyarwar addinin musulunci na mahaifinsa. Daga nan ya wuce makarantar da ke karkashin kulawar wani Malami mai suna Musa da ke Ambursa a lardin Sakkwato . A nan aka gabatar da shi ilimin Fiqhu da karanta littafai da waqoqin yabo ga Annabi. Makarantar boko ta farko da ya yi ita ce makarantar firamare ta Dogondaji, yayin da a makarantar firamare ya hadu da Sarkin Musulmi na 18 a nan gaba, Ibrahim Dasuki, kuma ya yi fice a harkokin addini. An nada shi Hakimin Salla (shugaban sallah) kuma an dora masa alhakin ciyar da dalibai ayyukan addini. A cikin shekara guda aka mayar da shi Makarantar Midil ta Sakkwato, inda Ahmadu Bello yake koyarwa. A nan ne ya saba da Shehu Shagari, da Waziri Muhammadu Junaidu, da Yahaya Gusau; na baya-bayan nan shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam, wata fitacciyar kungiyar Musulmi ta Najeriya . Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na secondary ya tafi [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] inda ya karanta fannin shari'a sannan ya samu horon Qadi . Ya fara aiki a matsayin magatakarda ga Qadi Attahiru amma ba da jimawa ba ya rasa nasaba da takamaiman aikinsa. Ya ba da darussa na sirri kan Musulunci da [[tafsiri]] a matsayin kubuta daga bacin ransa. Ya rasa mahaifinsa a shekara ta 1937 a lokacin da yake makarantar sakandare. Ya yi aure bayan shekara 3 da Maryama a shekarar 1941 yana dan shekara 19. <ref name="IndependentObit">{{Cite web |date=1992-09-15 |title=Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sheikh-abubakar-mahmud-gumi-1551628.html |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> === Farkon aiki === A shekarar 1947 Abubakar Gumi ya bar aikin sakatare na Qadi Attahiru ya tafi koyarwa a makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta Kano, wadda ya taba halarta a baya. A lokacin da yake Kano, ya hadu da Sheik Sa'id Hayatu, dan shugaban Mahdiyya na karni na 19, Hayatu ibn Sa'id, kuma wani mutum da ake ganin yana daya daga cikin fitattun wadanda mulkin mallaka ya rutsa da su. Shi ne shugaban kungiyar Mahdiyya, kuma ya dawo daga zaman tilas a kasar Kamaru . Abubakar ya shaku da koyarwar harkar Mahdiyya, a takaice ya zama mabiyi; Daga baya ya auri diyar Hayatu, Maryam. Duk da haka, ta rasu bayan ta haifi ɗa namiji. Dan Abubakar Gumi na farko ba Ahmad Abubakar ba ne, Dr Hamza Abubakar likita ne da ke aiki a yanzu haka a birnin Riyadh na kasar Saudiyya, sai kuma Manjo Janar Abdulkadir Abubakar (rtd) da kuma yaya mata biyu – daya ya auri marigayi Mai shari’a Muhammadu Bello, tsohon alkalin alkalai na tarayya, dayan kuma ta auri Sheik Sunusi Gumbi, sanannen malamin addinin musulunci kuma dalibin Abubakar Gumi. A 1949 Gumi ya sami aikin koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru, Sakkwato. Makarantar tana da wani shahararren malami mai suna [[Aminu Kano]], wanda shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar malamai ta Arewa kuma mai kula da wasu ‘yan [[Makarantar Islamiyya|makarantun musulmi]] . Aminu da Gumi sun yi cudanya tare da raba ra’ayoyi kan tasirin al’ummar gargajiya da addinin Musulunci, da kuma halin ko in kula ko goyon bayan da ‘yan’uwan Sufaye suke ba wa halin da ake ciki na [[Bida|Bidi’a]] . Ya bar Maru ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar koyon Larabci da ke Kano. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya zama malami na tsawon shekaru biyu a makarantar. Ya kuma halarci makarantar ilimi a Sudan. <ref name="Hunwick">John Owen Hunwick. ''Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan'', Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. {{ISBN|0-8101-1037-7}}</ref> A 1957 ya zama mai fassara ga gwamnatin Arewacin Najeriya kan al'amuran [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] . == Rikici == Abubakar Gumi yana da ra'ayi game da tsarin mulki da na addini na jami'an masarautu a Arewacin Najeriya. Rikicin akidarsa na farko da hukumomi shine a Maru. Rikici ya shafi aikin Tayamum . Babban Limamin Masallacin Maru ya kasance yana yin wanka da yashi (Tayammum) gabanin Sallah yayin da Gumi ya yi nuni da cewa Tayammu ana amfani da ita ne kawai idan ba a samu ruwa ba, kuma ana samun ruwa sosai a Maru . Gumi ya ci gaba da kalubalantar wannan al’ada, inda ya nemi dalibai da kada su fito don yin Sallah har sai Imam ya fasa yin Taimiyya. Sai dai Gumi wanda a baya ya rubuta kakkausar murya kan Sarkin Musulmi, yanzu ya samu Sarkin Musulmi yana sha’awar kokensa da babban limamin Maru. An kafa kwamitin bincike kan lamarin tare da goyon bayan Sarkin Musulmi. Sai dai da yake Gumi ya fi sanin aqidar Musulunci, haka nan kuma basirarsa ta gardama, sai hukumar ta yanke hukunci a kan Gumi. [1] Bayan samun nasara kadan a kan Sarkin Musulmi, Gumi ya yi amfani da hankalin da ya samu ta hanyar rubuta wata kasida mai mahimmanci a kan batun Musulmi, musamman Sarkin Musulmi, ya karbi mukaman Ingila . A lokacin, sannu a hankali ya fara ƙalubalantar imani da halaye na ayyuka a tsakanin al'ummar musulmi. [ abubuwan da ake bukata ] Wani harin da Gumi ya kai shi ne kungiyar [[Ahmadiyya]] karkashin jagorancin [[Jibril Martin]] . Yunkurin ya kasance manufa mai sauƙi ga Gumi, saboda wasu ra'ayoyin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar sun yi hannun riga da ainihin akidar Musulunci, kamar yadda wanda ya kafa ya sanya kansa a matsayin annabci . Daga baya Gumi ya fara fargabar wannan harkar ne sakamakon kwarewar tsarin kungiya na wanda ya assasa Najeriya, a hankali kungiyar ta shiga cikin hukumar alhazai ta yammacin Najeriya, sannan ta kafa makarantun almajirai a Kudu sannan kuma ya tashi zuwa arewa wajen yada manufofin Ahmadiyya. Gumi ya dauki wannan kalubale cikin sauki sannan aka dakile manufar kungiyar ta arewa. == Bayyanarshi a Kafafen yaɗa labarai == Sheik Gumi ya yi hajjin sa na farko zuwa Makka a shekarar 1955 kuma Ahmadu Bello ne ya hada shi da shi. Yayin da yake Makka ya yi tafsirin ayyukan addinin Musulunci tare da Bello da Sarki Sa'ud. Ya kuma sadu da dimbin al'ummar al'ummar musulmi ko kuma al'ummar musulmi a kasar Saudiyya, wadanda da yawa daga baya suka zama masu kyautata masa bayan rasuwar Ahmadu Bello a shekarar 1966. Da ya dawo Najeriya ya fara koyarwa a Makarantar Koyon Larabci da ke Kano da kuma wasu Makarantun Musulmi da kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam (JNI) ta kafa wacce ke kusa da birnin Kaduna. Babban bangare na koyarwarsa ya mayar da hankali kan bambance-bambancen al'ada da addini, da yadda za a fahimta da kuma rungumar asalin Musulunci. Ya kuma rubuta tafsirin kur'ani wanda akasari a kan sunna, ya kuma fassara kur'ani daga Larabci zuwa Hausa . Wannan tsari ya kai ga yada Littafi Mai Tsarki ga dimbin jama’ar Arewacin Najeriya, kuma ra’ayoyinsa da sakonsa kan muhimman koyarwar Musulunci sun fara samun dimbin masu sauraro. [1] Sai dai adawar da ya yi da manyan 'yan uwantakar Sufaye kamar Tijjaniyya da Qadiriyya ta jawo masa suka a kai a kai, kuma wasu daga cikin musulmi suka rika kai masa hari kan tafsirinsa; ya kan amsa da cewa su ci gaba da yin tafsirin nasu, idan ba sa son nasa. [1] A shekarun 1970 ya zama mai yawan fitowa a shirye-shiryen talabijin, musamman a lokutan bukukuwan Musulunci. "Lokacin da muka je wurin jifan shaiɗan (Jamra) sa'ilin aikin Hajji, sai mutanenmu suka riƙa yin wasu abubuwa marasa ma'ana. "Wasu suka riƙa nemo manyan duwatsu, wasu kuma suka riƙa cire takalmansu suna jifan jamrah, suna zage-zage da furta munanan kalamai, da sunan jifan shaiɗan." Wannan na daga cikin abubuwan da suka sanya Sheikh Abubakar Gumi ya yi yunƙuri a hukumance na sake faɗakar da mabiya addinin Musulunci a Najeriya yadda ake yin addini, bayan sanar da Firimiyan arewa na farko Ahmadu Bello, kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗaliban marigayin, Sheikh Yusuf Sambo Rigachikun ya tabbatar wa BBC. Wannan yunƙuri ya haifar da kafa wasu ƙungiyoyi guda biyu waɗanda suka jagoranci tafiyar da lamurran addinin Musulunci a Najeriya - Jama'atu Nasril Islam, sai kuma daga baya Jama'atu Izalatil Bidi'a wa Iqamatussunnah - lamarin da ya yi tasiri kan miliyoyin mabiya addinin a Najeriya. Shekara 33 bayan rasuwarsa, miliyoyin Musulmai a Najeriya na ci gaba da bin koyarwarsa, sannan ƙungiyoyin da ya jagoranci kafawa ne a gaba-gaba wajen yaɗawa da kuma tafiyar da al'amuran Musulunci a ƙasar. Baya ga Shehu Usman Danfodiyo, wanda ya yi jihadin sake ɗabbaƙa addinin Musulunci a ƙasar Hausa a farkon shekarun 1800, ana ganin cewa babu wani malami da koyarsa ta Musulunci ta yi tasiri a Najeriya kamar Abubakar Gumi. Wasu masana addini ma na ganin tasirin da Gumi ya yi "ta fi" ta Usman Danfodio, kasancewar a lokacinsa akwai hanyoyin sadarwa irin su talabijin da rediyo da hanyar wallafa litattafai da jaridu, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen yaɗa ayyukansa a ƙasar Hausa da maƙwafta. <ref>Bbc</ref> == Kawo sauyi == Tun kafin yunƙurin samar da ƙungiyoyin sake ilimantar da Musulman Najeriya kan ibada, Abubakar Gumi ya kasance mutum mai neman kawo sauyi, lamarin da ya sa ya yi ƙaurin suna tsakanin malamai da sarakuna har ma da turawan mulkin mallaka. A cikin littafinsa na Manufata, Gumi ya tuno yadda ya ƙalubalanci malaman addinin Musulunci waɗanda suke yin addini "yadda suka ga dama". Gumi ya ce "Sufanci ya zamo jiki a tsakanin al'umma ta yadda babu wanda ya damu ya binciki ko ya yi daidai da koyawar al-Ƙur'ani da hadisan annabi Muhammad". Irin wannan yunƙuri nasa ya fara jan hankali ne a lokacin da yake koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru a shekarar 1949. A lokacin ya fahimci yadda malaman addini da kuma sauran al'umma ke cakuɗa ibada da al'adu ko wasu abubuwa na daban. Limamin Juma'a na Maru a wancan lokaci ya kasance yana yin taimama domin yin sallah a maimakon alwala da ruwa, duk kuwa da wadatuwar ruwan da kuma rashin wata hujja ta yin taimamar. Bayan yunƙurin da ya yi na faɗakar da limamin game da 'haramcin' hakan, amma abin ya ci tura, Gumi ya hana ɗalibansa halartar sallar Juma'a a babban masallacin Maru, inda ya riƙa jan su sallah a cikin makaranta. A matsayin martani, sarkin Maru ya rubuta takardar ƙorafi kan Abubakar Gumi zuwa ga fadar sarkin Musulmi da kuma hukumomi turawan mulkin mallaka. Sai dai a ƙarshe Abubakar Gumi ne ya yi nasara ta hanyar gabatar da hujjoji masu ƙarfi da suka tabbatar da koyarwarsa. A game da turawan mulkin mallaka, Gumi ya ce "Idan na tuna ɓarnar da mulkin mallakar Birtaniya ya yi a ƙasarmu, nakan riƙa mamakin yadda mutanenmu suka kwashe tsawon shekaru ba tare da sun fahimci hakan ba. "Hatta a tsakanin masu iliminmu, ƙalilan ne suke tsayawa su fahimci yadda mulkin mallaka ya illa ga tunaninmu".<ref>bbc</ref> == Littafin da ya yamutsa hazo == Littafin da Abubakar Gumi ya rubuta a shekara ta 1972 mai taken 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha bi-Muwafaqat al-Shar'i' ya haifar da zazzafar muhawara tsakanin Musulman arewacin Najeriya sanadiyyar kakkausar sukar da littafin ya yi kan wasu ayyuka na masu bin akidar sufanci. A wannan lokaci kusan ɗaukacin Musulman Najeriya na bin tsari ne na ɗariƙa, wadda ta samo asali daga koyarwa irin ta sufanci. Da farko Abubakar Gumi ya ce ya rubuta littafin ne domin amfanin masu ilimi, kasancewar koyarwar littafin zai yi tsaurin fahimta ga mabiya, waɗanda iliminsu bai yi nisa ba. Sai dai a lokacin da ya tafi Saudiyya, sai Mallam Isma'ila Idris ya ɗauki littafin ya yi wa'azi da shi a birnin Kaduna, wani abu da ya haifar da ruɗani, abin da ya kai ga dole sai da ya ajiye aikinsa na gwamnati a matsayin malami. Bayan ajiye aiki, Mallam Idris ya shiga aikin soja, inda ya yi aiki a garuruwa da dama na Najeriya, kafin mayar da shi garin Jos, kuma duk inda ya je ya riƙa koyar da karatu ta hanyar amfani da littafin Sheikh Gumi na 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha'. Wannan ne ya haifar da ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar Izalatil Bidi'a wa iƙamatussunnah a birnin Jos. Da'awar Gumi na kira ga Musulmi su yi aiki da karantarwar al-Ƙur'ani da kuma Hadisan Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) kawai, wani abu da ake ganin ya kawo gagarumin sauyi a yadda ake tafiyar da ibada a Najeriya da wasu ƙasashen da ke maƙwaftaka a lokacin.<ref>bbc</ref> == Wane ne Abubakar Gumi? == An haifi Abubakar Mahmud Gumi ne ranar Juma'a 7 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1924, wadda ita ce Juma'a ta ƙarshe ta watan Ramadan na shekara ta 1344 bayan hijira, kamar yadda malamin ya bayyana a cikin litattafinsa. Shahararren malamin addinin Musulunci ne kuma masanin shari'a, wanda ya kai har matsayin Alkalin Alkalai (Grand kadi) na arewacin Najeriya. Ya fara samun ilimi ne a wajen mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi. Sunan mahaifinsa Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, wanda ake kiransa da Na-Gumi, saboda zaman da ya yi a garin Gumi bayan zama a wurare daban-daban na ƙasar Hausa, kamar Katsina, Borno da Dutse. Mahaifin Abubakar Gumi ya kasance babban malamin addinin Musulunci da shari'a, kuma ɗaya daga cikin malamai da aka fi girmamawa a yankin Sokoto da Zamfara da kuma Kebbi a zamaninsa. Kakan mahaifin Abubakar Gumi shi ne Sheikh Aliyu Barou el-Badawi, wanda ya fito daga ƙabilar Larabawa ta Bedouin, waɗanda aka sani da kiwo a yankin Larabawa da arewacin nahiyar Afirka. Babu cikakken bayani kan yadda ya isa yankin Sokoto, amma dai ana ganin zuwan sa ba ya rasa nasaba da ziyarar da Larabawa suka riƙa yi zuwa ƙasar Hausa bayan ƙarni na 15, lokacin da Musulunci ya samu karɓuwa a ƙasar Hausa. Sunan mahaifiyar Abubakar Gumi Hafsatu, ɗiyar Malam Adamu, wadda mahaifinsa ya aura lokacin da yake koyarwa a Jega.<ref>bbc</ref> == Karatu == Abubakar Gumi ya fara karatunsa ne a hannun mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, inda ya haddace al-Ƙur'ani sannan kuma ya yi karatun litattafai da dama. Bayan nan a shekara ta 1933 ya shiga makarantar boko ta Dogon Daji Elementary School, inda daga baya aka mayar da shi makarantar Middle da ke Sokoto a shekara ta 1936. Daga nan ne ya tafi makarantar ilimin shari'a ta Kano. Sannan a shekara ta 1952 ya zurfafa karatu a makarantar koyar da Larabci ta Kano. Daga nan ne kuma ya yi karatun babbar difloma a cibiyar ilimi ta Bakht al-Rida da ke Sudan daga shekarar 1955 zuwa 1956. A shekarar 1987, Gumi ya lashe kyautar Sarki Faisal kan hidima ga addinin Muslunci. Daga cikin abubuwan da suka sa ya cancanci lambar girmamawar su ne wa'azi da kuma koyar da addinin Musulunci, taimakawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam da fassara alƙur'ani zuwa harshen Hausa da kuma rubuta litattafai na addinin Musulunci.<ref>bbc</ref> == Ayyukan ilimi == Abubakar Gumi ya yi gagarumar hidima ta hanyar rubuce-rubuce da kuma fassarar litattafai na addini.<ref>Bbc</ref> Litattafan da ya rubuta waɗanda suka fi yin fice sun haɗa da:<ref>Bbc</ref> * Tafsirin Al-ƙur'ani na '''Rad al-Azhan ila Ma'ani al-Qur`an''' * Al-Aqidah al-Sahiha bi Muwafaqat al-Shari'a * Kitab al-Nasihaila Amir MantiqatKatsina * Manufata / Where I Stand * Hal al-Niza` fi Mas´alatNuzul Isa alaih al-Salatwa al-Salam * Musulunchi da Abinda ke Rushe Shi * Zad al-Haj * Kitab Maratib al-Islam * Kitab Manasik al-hajwa al-Umra '''Fassara:''' * Fassarar ma'anonin al-Ƙur'ani mai girma * Fassarar Hadisai Arba'in (al-Nawawi) * Fassarar littafin Nur al-Bab * Fassarar littafin Hidayat al-Tullab fiAhamMasail al-Din == Rasuwa == Sheikh Abubakar Mahmoud Gumi ya rasu ne a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1992, a birnin Landan na ƙasar Birtaniya. A lokacin da ya rasu, al'umma sun girgiza kasancerwar sa mutumin da ya samu karɓuwa a tsakanin shugabanni da masu sarauta da kuma sauran al'umma. Gumi ya kasance malami, alƙali kuma tsani tsakanin shugabanni da talakawa. Baya ga batun addini, Sheikh Gumi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ɓangaren mulki da kuma ayyukan gwamnati. Ya kasance mai kusanci sosai ga masu mulki, sannan ya riƙa ƙarfafa wa al'ummar arewacin Najeriya, musamman Musulmai gwiwa wajen shiga ayyukan gwamnati da karatun zamani. Tsarin koyarwarsa ya sha bamban, inda ake yaba masa wajen haƙuri tare da ƙoƙarin ganin al'umma sun fahimci abin da yake koyarwa.<ref>bbc</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gumi, Abubakar Mahmud}} d34spcc5kmkv1ri0ewgddrquaxyajq9 829846 829844 2026-05-05T04:53:03Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829846 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Sultan Bello Mosque 05.jpg|thumb|Masallacin [[Masallacin Sarkin Musulmi Bello|Sultan Bello]] dake Kaduna inda Malam Abubakar Gummi ya yi limanci tare da gabatar da wa'azinsa.]] [[File:Abubakar Mahmoud Gummi.jpg|thumb|Malam Abubakar Gummi]] '''Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi''' (an haife shi a shekara 1962 –zuwa shekarar 1992)<ref name="HunwickO'Fahey1994">{{cite book|author1=John O. Hunwick|author2=Rex Séan O'Fahey|title=Arabic Literature of Africa: The writings of central Sudanic Africa Vol.2. Volume 13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nKXOThUEpcC&pg=PA551dq=Abubakar+Gummi+1922|year=1994|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-10494-1|page=551}}</ref> malamin Addinin Musulunci ne ɗan Najeriya kuma alƙalin alƙalai na yankin [[Arewacin Najeriya]], matsayin da ya sanya shi ya zama cibiyar tafsirin tsarin shari’a a yankin. Ya kasance na kusa da [[Ahmadu Bello]], Firimiyan Arewa a shekarun alif 1950 zuwa 1960 kuma ya zama Grand Khadi a shekara ta 1967, Kafin a soke wannan mukamin daga baya. Gummi ya fito a matsayin shugaba mai faɗa a ji a lokacin mulkin mallaka, inda yake ganin tsarin mulkin kai tsaye ya raunana ƙarfin addini na sarakuna da kuma ƙarfafa Turawan Yamma. Tun daga shekarun alif 1960 ne ake samun rigingimu tsakanin jama’a tsakaninsa da shugabannin ‘yan’uwantakar Sufaye, waɗanda daga baya ya yi muhawara a shirye-shiryen talabijin a shekarun alif 1970 zuwa shekara ta alif 1980. A wannan lokacin ya ci gaba da maida hankalinsa wajen gudanar da tarukan juma'a a cikin babban masallacin Kaduna ([[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]). Ya yi amfani da zaman wajen Farfaɗo da sukar da ya ke yi wa hukumomi bisa ga ra'ayinsa na koma baya ga tsarin tushen ko kuma buƙatar rungumar aikin tsafta na Musulunci. Ya kuma yi suka da kakkausar murya kan shigar sufanci. Yana da ’ya’ya da yawa, daga ciki akwai [[Ahmad Gummi|Dr. Ahmad Abubakar Gummi]] wanda ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin malamin babban masallacin Kaduna (Sultan Bello), Dakta Ahmad Gummi ƙwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] Zariya. kuma tsohon hafsan soji ne, ya bar aikin soja, ya yi tattaki zuwa jami'ar umm al-Qura da ke [[Makkah]], ƙasar [[Saudiyya]] inda ya yi karatun digirin digirgir (PhD). Gummi mabiyin mazhabar [[malikiyya]] ne, wannan ya samo asali ne ta hanyar rubuce-rubucen sa da suka haɗa da tafsirin alƙur'ani (Raddul azhaan ila ma'anil Ƙur'an). da sauran littafai kamar (hullu nizam ala nuzuul isa) da (Al-Aqidatus As-Saheehah bi muwafaqati ash- Shari'ah) da sauransu == Karatu == Ya yi karatu da rubuce-rubuce a kan addinin [[musulunci]] sosai, ya fassara [[Qur'an|Qur'ani]] zuwa [[Hausa|harshen Hausa]], kuma shi ne mutum na farko da ya rubuta tarjama wato fassarar ɗai-ɗaikun ayoyin dake Alkur'ani.<ref>John N. Paden, Muslim Civic Cultures and Conflict Resolution: the challenge of democratic federalism in Nigeria, Brookings Institution Press, 2005. p 60. ISBN 0-8157-6817-6</ref> Hakan ne ya sa ya samu nasarar samun kyautar Sarki Faisal(King Faisal Award), daga ƙasar saudiya. Malamin dai ya kasance babban aboki kuma mai ba wa Firimiya [[Ahmadu Bello]] sardaunan Sakkwato shawara. Shi ne mahaifin Dakta Shaykh [[Ahmad Gumi]]. == Shahara == Gumi ya shahara tun lokacin mulkin mallakar Turawa a matsayin mai faɗa a ji, yana sukar salon Mulkin [[Turawa]], cewa ya karya lagon sarakunan Musulmi kuma hakan yana Ƙara karfafa al'adun Turai a ƙasashen musulunci. A farkon shekara ta 1960 an samu barkewar rikici tsakanin sa da malaman sufaye wanda daga baya rikicin ya koma muhawara a gidajen rediyo da talabijin a shekarun 1970 zuwa shekara ta 1980.<ref>The Independent: "Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi" by Karl Maier 16 September 1992</ref> Ya riƙa amfani da ranakun Juma'a a matsayin lokutan yada akidunsa a babban masallacin Juma'a na [[Kaduna]] mai suna [[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]. == Dangi == Abubakar Gumi ba a san takamaiman yawan yayansa ba, amma mafi shahara a cikinsu shi ne Dr. [[Ahmad Gumi]] Wanda shi ne ya gaji Mahaifinsa a matsayin mai gabatar da wa'azi a masallacin na Sultan Bello dake Kaduna. Dr Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke [[Zariya]]. Kuma tsohon jami'in sojin Nijeriya ne, ya bar aikin soja inda ya tafi zuwa ƙasar Saudiyya domin karanta ilimin fikihu, a jami'ar [[Ummul Quraa]] da ke birnin [[Makkah|Makka]] inda ya samu shaidar digirin digir-gir.<ref>John Owen Hunwick. Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan, Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. ISBN 0-8101-1037-7</ref> [[File:Nigerian Public Domain 105.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Abubakar Gumi a shekarar 1970.]] == Tarihi == === Rayuwar farko da ilimi === An haifi Gumi a kauyen Gummi (yanzu karamar hukuma ce a jihar Zamfara ) a ranar Juma'ar karshe na watan Ramadan shekara ta 1344, ga iyalan Mahmud, malamin addinin Musulunci kuma Alkali (alkali) na Gummi. Iliminsa ya fara ne a bangon danginsa lokacin yana dalibin koyarwar addinin musulunci na mahaifinsa. Daga nan ya wuce makarantar da ke karkashin kulawar wani Malami mai suna Musa da ke Ambursa a lardin Sakkwato . A nan aka gabatar da shi ilimin Fiqhu da karanta littafai da waqoqin yabo ga Annabi. Makarantar boko ta farko da ya yi ita ce makarantar firamare ta Dogondaji, yayin da a makarantar firamare ya hadu da Sarkin Musulmi na 18 a nan gaba, Ibrahim Dasuki, kuma ya yi fice a harkokin addini. An nada shi Hakimin Salla (shugaban sallah) kuma an dora masa alhakin ciyar da dalibai ayyukan addini. A cikin shekara guda aka mayar da shi Makarantar Midil ta Sakkwato, inda Ahmadu Bello yake koyarwa. A nan ne ya saba da Shehu Shagari, da Waziri Muhammadu Junaidu, da Yahaya Gusau; na baya-bayan nan shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam, wata fitacciyar kungiyar Musulmi ta Najeriya . Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na secondary ya tafi [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] inda ya karanta fannin shari'a sannan ya samu horon Qadi . Ya fara aiki a matsayin magatakarda ga Qadi Attahiru amma ba da jimawa ba ya rasa nasaba da takamaiman aikinsa. Ya ba da darussa na sirri kan Musulunci da [[tafsiri]] a matsayin kubuta daga bacin ransa. Ya rasa mahaifinsa a shekara ta 1937 a lokacin da yake makarantar sakandare. Ya yi aure bayan shekara 3 da Maryama a shekarar 1941 yana dan shekara 19. <ref name="IndependentObit">{{Cite web |date=1992-09-15 |title=Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sheikh-abubakar-mahmud-gumi-1551628.html |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> === Farkon aiki === A shekarar 1947 Abubakar Gumi ya bar aikin sakatare na Qadi Attahiru ya tafi koyarwa a makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta Kano, wadda ya taba halarta a baya. A lokacin da yake Kano, ya hadu da Sheik Sa'id Hayatu, dan shugaban Mahdiyya na karni na 19, Hayatu ibn Sa'id, kuma wani mutum da ake ganin yana daya daga cikin fitattun wadanda mulkin mallaka ya rutsa da su. Shi ne shugaban kungiyar Mahdiyya, kuma ya dawo daga zaman tilas a kasar Kamaru . Abubakar ya shaku da koyarwar harkar Mahdiyya, a takaice ya zama mabiyi; Daga baya ya auri diyar Hayatu, Maryam. Duk da haka, ta rasu bayan ta haifi ɗa namiji. Dan Abubakar Gumi na farko ba Ahmad Abubakar ba ne, Dr Hamza Abubakar likita ne da ke aiki a yanzu haka a birnin Riyadh na kasar Saudiyya, sai kuma Manjo Janar Abdulkadir Abubakar (rtd) da kuma yaya mata biyu – daya ya auri marigayi Mai shari’a Muhammadu Bello, tsohon alkalin alkalai na tarayya, dayan kuma ta auri Sheik Sunusi Gumbi, sanannen malamin addinin musulunci kuma dalibin Abubakar Gumi. A 1949 Gumi ya sami aikin koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru, Sakkwato. Makarantar tana da wani shahararren malami mai suna [[Aminu Kano]], wanda shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar malamai ta Arewa kuma mai kula da wasu ‘yan [[Makarantar Islamiyya|makarantun musulmi]] . Aminu da Gumi sun yi cudanya tare da raba ra’ayoyi kan tasirin al’ummar gargajiya da addinin Musulunci, da kuma halin ko in kula ko goyon bayan da ‘yan’uwan Sufaye suke ba wa halin da ake ciki na [[Bida|Bidi’a]] . Ya bar Maru ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar koyon Larabci da ke Kano. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya zama malami na tsawon shekaru biyu a makarantar. Ya kuma halarci makarantar ilimi a Sudan. <ref name="Hunwick">John Owen Hunwick. ''Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan'', Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. {{ISBN|0-8101-1037-7}}</ref> A 1957 ya zama mai fassara ga gwamnatin Arewacin Najeriya kan al'amuran [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] . == Rikici == Abubakar Gumi yana da ra'ayi game da tsarin mulki da na addini na jami'an masarautu a Arewacin Najeriya. Rikicin akidarsa na farko da hukumomi shine a Maru. Rikici ya shafi aikin Tayamum . Babban Limamin Masallacin Maru ya kasance yana yin wanka da yashi (Tayammum) gabanin Sallah yayin da Gumi ya yi nuni da cewa Tayammu ana amfani da ita ne kawai idan ba a samu ruwa ba, kuma ana samun ruwa sosai a Maru . Gumi ya ci gaba da kalubalantar wannan al’ada, inda ya nemi dalibai da kada su fito don yin Sallah har sai Imam ya fasa yin Taimiyya. Sai dai Gumi wanda a baya ya rubuta kakkausar murya kan Sarkin Musulmi, yanzu ya samu Sarkin Musulmi yana sha’awar kokensa da babban limamin Maru. An kafa kwamitin bincike kan lamarin tare da goyon bayan Sarkin Musulmi. Sai dai da yake Gumi ya fi sanin aqidar Musulunci, haka nan kuma basirarsa ta gardama, sai hukumar ta yanke hukunci a kan Gumi. [1] Bayan samun nasara kadan a kan Sarkin Musulmi, Gumi ya yi amfani da hankalin da ya samu ta hanyar rubuta wata kasida mai mahimmanci a kan batun Musulmi, musamman Sarkin Musulmi, ya karbi mukaman Ingila . A lokacin, sannu a hankali ya fara ƙalubalantar imani da halaye na ayyuka a tsakanin al'ummar musulmi. [ abubuwan da ake bukata ] Wani harin da Gumi ya kai shi ne kungiyar [[Ahmadiyya]] karkashin jagorancin [[Jibril Martin]] . Yunkurin ya kasance manufa mai sauƙi ga Gumi, saboda wasu ra'ayoyin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar sun yi hannun riga da ainihin akidar Musulunci, kamar yadda wanda ya kafa ya sanya kansa a matsayin annabci . Daga baya Gumi ya fara fargabar wannan harkar ne sakamakon kwarewar tsarin kungiya na wanda ya assasa Najeriya, a hankali kungiyar ta shiga cikin hukumar alhazai ta yammacin Najeriya, sannan ta kafa makarantun almajirai a Kudu sannan kuma ya tashi zuwa arewa wajen yada manufofin Ahmadiyya. Gumi ya dauki wannan kalubale cikin sauki sannan aka dakile manufar kungiyar ta arewa. == Bayyanarshi a Kafafen yaɗa labarai == Sheik Gumi ya yi hajjin sa na farko zuwa Makka a shekarar 1955 kuma Ahmadu Bello ne ya hada shi da shi. Yayin da yake Makka ya yi tafsirin ayyukan addinin Musulunci tare da Bello da Sarki Sa'ud. Ya kuma sadu da dimbin al'ummar al'ummar musulmi ko kuma al'ummar musulmi a kasar Saudiyya, wadanda da yawa daga baya suka zama masu kyautata masa bayan rasuwar Ahmadu Bello a shekarar 1966. Da ya dawo Najeriya ya fara koyarwa a Makarantar Koyon Larabci da ke Kano da kuma wasu Makarantun Musulmi da kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam (JNI) ta kafa wacce ke kusa da birnin Kaduna. Babban bangare na koyarwarsa ya mayar da hankali kan bambance-bambancen al'ada da addini, da yadda za a fahimta da kuma rungumar asalin Musulunci. Ya kuma rubuta tafsirin kur'ani wanda akasari a kan sunna, ya kuma fassara kur'ani daga Larabci zuwa Hausa . Wannan tsari ya kai ga yada Littafi Mai Tsarki ga dimbin jama’ar Arewacin Najeriya, kuma ra’ayoyinsa da sakonsa kan muhimman koyarwar Musulunci sun fara samun dimbin masu sauraro. [1] Sai dai adawar da ya yi da manyan 'yan uwantakar Sufaye kamar Tijjaniyya da Qadiriyya ta jawo masa suka a kai a kai, kuma wasu daga cikin musulmi suka rika kai masa hari kan tafsirinsa; ya kan amsa da cewa su ci gaba da yin tafsirin nasu, idan ba sa son nasa. [1] A shekarun 1970 ya zama mai yawan fitowa a shirye-shiryen talabijin, musamman a lokutan bukukuwan Musulunci. "Lokacin da muka je wurin jifan shaiɗan (Jamra) sa'ilin aikin Hajji, sai mutanenmu suka riƙa yin wasu abubuwa marasa ma'ana. "Wasu suka riƙa nemo manyan duwatsu, wasu kuma suka riƙa cire takalmansu suna jifan jamrah, suna zage-zage da furta munanan kalamai, da sunan jifan shaiɗan." Wannan na daga cikin abubuwan da suka sanya Sheikh Abubakar Gumi ya yi yunƙuri a hukumance na sake faɗakar da mabiya addinin Musulunci a Najeriya yadda ake yin addini, bayan sanar da Firimiyan arewa na farko Ahmadu Bello, kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗaliban marigayin, Sheikh Yusuf Sambo Rigachikun ya tabbatar wa BBC. Wannan yunƙuri ya haifar da kafa wasu ƙungiyoyi guda biyu waɗanda suka jagoranci tafiyar da lamurran addinin Musulunci a Najeriya - Jama'atu Nasril Islam, sai kuma daga baya Jama'atu Izalatil Bidi'a wa Iqamatussunnah - lamarin da ya yi tasiri kan miliyoyin mabiya addinin a Najeriya. Shekara 33 bayan rasuwarsa, miliyoyin Musulmai a Najeriya na ci gaba da bin koyarwarsa, sannan ƙungiyoyin da ya jagoranci kafawa ne a gaba-gaba wajen yaɗawa da kuma tafiyar da al'amuran Musulunci a ƙasar. Baya ga Shehu Usman Danfodiyo, wanda ya yi jihadin sake ɗabbaƙa addinin Musulunci a ƙasar Hausa a farkon shekarun 1800, ana ganin cewa babu wani malami da koyarsa ta Musulunci ta yi tasiri a Najeriya kamar Abubakar Gumi. Wasu masana addini ma na ganin tasirin da Gumi ya yi "ta fi" ta Usman Danfodio, kasancewar a lokacinsa akwai hanyoyin sadarwa irin su talabijin da rediyo da hanyar wallafa litattafai da jaridu, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen yaɗa ayyukansa a ƙasar Hausa da maƙwafta. <ref>Bbc</ref> == Kawo sauyi == Tun kafin yunƙurin samar da ƙungiyoyin sake ilimantar da Musulman Najeriya kan ibada, Abubakar Gumi ya kasance mutum mai neman kawo sauyi, lamarin da ya sa ya yi ƙaurin suna tsakanin malamai da sarakuna har ma da turawan mulkin mallaka. A cikin littafinsa na Manufata, Gumi ya tuno yadda ya ƙalubalanci malaman addinin Musulunci waɗanda suke yin addini "yadda suka ga dama". Gumi ya ce "Sufanci ya zamo jiki a tsakanin al'umma ta yadda babu wanda ya damu ya binciki ko ya yi daidai da koyawar al-Ƙur'ani da hadisan annabi Muhammad". Irin wannan yunƙuri nasa ya fara jan hankali ne a lokacin da yake koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru a shekarar 1949. A lokacin ya fahimci yadda malaman addini da kuma sauran al'umma ke cakuɗa ibada da al'adu ko wasu abubuwa na daban. Limamin Juma'a na Maru a wancan lokaci ya kasance yana yin taimama domin yin sallah a maimakon alwala da ruwa, duk kuwa da wadatuwar ruwan da kuma rashin wata hujja ta yin taimamar. Bayan yunƙurin da ya yi na faɗakar da limamin game da 'haramcin' hakan, amma abin ya ci tura, Gumi ya hana ɗalibansa halartar sallar Juma'a a babban masallacin Maru, inda ya riƙa jan su sallah a cikin makaranta. A matsayin martani, sarkin Maru ya rubuta takardar ƙorafi kan Abubakar Gumi zuwa ga fadar sarkin Musulmi da kuma hukumomi turawan mulkin mallaka. Sai dai a ƙarshe Abubakar Gumi ne ya yi nasara ta hanyar gabatar da hujjoji masu ƙarfi da suka tabbatar da koyarwarsa. A game da turawan mulkin mallaka, Gumi ya ce "Idan na tuna ɓarnar da mulkin mallakar Birtaniya ya yi a ƙasarmu, nakan riƙa mamakin yadda mutanenmu suka kwashe tsawon shekaru ba tare da sun fahimci hakan ba. "Hatta a tsakanin masu iliminmu, ƙalilan ne suke tsayawa su fahimci yadda mulkin mallaka ya illa ga tunaninmu".<ref>bbc</ref> == Littafin da ya yamutsa hazo == Littafin da Abubakar Gumi ya rubuta a shekara ta 1972 mai taken 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha bi-Muwafaqat al-Shar'i' ya haifar da zazzafar muhawara tsakanin Musulman arewacin Najeriya sanadiyyar kakkausar sukar da littafin ya yi kan wasu ayyuka na masu bin akidar sufanci. A wannan lokaci kusan ɗaukacin Musulman Najeriya na bin tsari ne na ɗariƙa, wadda ta samo asali daga koyarwa irin ta sufanci. Da farko Abubakar Gumi ya ce ya rubuta littafin ne domin amfanin masu ilimi, kasancewar koyarwar littafin zai yi tsaurin fahimta ga mabiya, waɗanda iliminsu bai yi nisa ba. Sai dai a lokacin da ya tafi Saudiyya, sai Mallam Isma'ila Idris ya ɗauki littafin ya yi wa'azi da shi a birnin Kaduna, wani abu da ya haifar da ruɗani, abin da ya kai ga dole sai da ya ajiye aikinsa na gwamnati a matsayin malami. Bayan ajiye aiki, Mallam Idris ya shiga aikin soja, inda ya yi aiki a garuruwa da dama na Najeriya, kafin mayar da shi garin Jos, kuma duk inda ya je ya riƙa koyar da karatu ta hanyar amfani da littafin Sheikh Gumi na 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha'. Wannan ne ya haifar da ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar Izalatil Bidi'a wa iƙamatussunnah a birnin Jos. Da'awar Gumi na kira ga Musulmi su yi aiki da karantarwar al-Ƙur'ani da kuma Hadisan Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) kawai, wani abu da ake ganin ya kawo gagarumin sauyi a yadda ake tafiyar da ibada a Najeriya da wasu ƙasashen da ke maƙwaftaka a lokacin.<ref>bbc</ref> == Wane ne Abubakar Gumi? == An haifi Abubakar Mahmud Gumi ne ranar Juma'a 7 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1924, wadda ita ce Juma'a ta ƙarshe ta watan Ramadan na shekara ta 1344 bayan hijira, kamar yadda malamin ya bayyana a cikin litattafinsa. Shahararren malamin addinin Musulunci ne kuma masanin shari'a, wanda ya kai har matsayin Alkalin Alkalai (Grand kadi) na arewacin Najeriya. Ya fara samun ilimi ne a wajen mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi. Sunan mahaifinsa Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, wanda ake kiransa da Na-Gumi, saboda zaman da ya yi a garin Gumi bayan zama a wurare daban-daban na ƙasar Hausa, kamar Katsina, Borno da Dutse. Mahaifin Abubakar Gumi ya kasance babban malamin addinin Musulunci da shari'a, kuma ɗaya daga cikin malamai da aka fi girmamawa a yankin Sokoto da Zamfara da kuma Kebbi a zamaninsa. Kakan mahaifin Abubakar Gumi shi ne Sheikh Aliyu Barou el-Badawi, wanda ya fito daga ƙabilar Larabawa ta Bedouin, waɗanda aka sani da kiwo a yankin Larabawa da arewacin nahiyar Afirka. Babu cikakken bayani kan yadda ya isa yankin Sokoto, amma dai ana ganin zuwan sa ba ya rasa nasaba da ziyarar da Larabawa suka riƙa yi zuwa ƙasar Hausa bayan ƙarni na 15, lokacin da Musulunci ya samu karɓuwa a ƙasar Hausa. Sunan mahaifiyar Abubakar Gumi Hafsatu, ɗiyar Malam Adamu, wadda mahaifinsa ya aura lokacin da yake koyarwa a Jega.<ref>bbc</ref> == Karatu == Abubakar Gumi ya fara karatunsa ne a hannun mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, inda ya haddace al-Ƙur'ani sannan kuma ya yi karatun litattafai da dama. Bayan nan a shekara ta 1933 ya shiga makarantar boko ta Dogon Daji Elementary School, inda daga baya aka mayar da shi makarantar Middle da ke Sokoto a shekara ta 1936. Daga nan ne ya tafi makarantar ilimin shari'a ta Kano. Sannan a shekara ta 1952 ya zurfafa karatu a makarantar koyar da Larabci ta Kano. Daga nan ne kuma ya yi karatun babbar difloma a cibiyar ilimi ta Bakht al-Rida da ke Sudan daga shekarar 1955 zuwa 1956. A shekarar 1987, Gumi ya lashe kyautar Sarki Faisal kan hidima ga addinin Muslunci. Daga cikin abubuwan da suka sa ya cancanci lambar girmamawar su ne wa'azi da kuma koyar da addinin Musulunci, taimakawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam da fassara alƙur'ani zuwa harshen Hausa da kuma rubuta litattafai na addinin Musulunci.<ref>bbc</ref> == Ayyukan ilimi == Abubakar Gumi ya yi gagarumar hidima ta hanyar rubuce-rubuce da kuma fassarar litattafai na addini.<ref>Bbc</ref> Litattafan da ya rubuta waɗanda suka fi yin fice sun haɗa da:<ref>Bbc</ref> * Tafsirin Al-ƙur'ani na '''Rad al-Azhan ila Ma'ani al-Qur`an''' * Al-Aqidah al-Sahiha bi Muwafaqat al-Shari'a * Kitab al-Nasihaila Amir MantiqatKatsina * Manufata / Where I Stand * Hal al-Niza` fi Mas´alatNuzul Isa alaih al-Salatwa al-Salam * Musulunchi da Abinda ke Rushe Shi * Zad al-Haj * Kitab Maratib al-Islam * Kitab Manasik al-hajwa al-Umra '''Fassara:''' * Fassarar ma'anonin al-Ƙur'ani mai girma * Fassarar Hadisai Arba'in (al-Nawawi) * Fassarar littafin Nur al-Bab * Fassarar littafin Hidayat al-Tullab fiAhamMasail al-Din == Rasuwa == Sheikh Abubakar Mahmoud Gumi ya rasu ne a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1992, a birnin Landan na ƙasar Birtaniya. A lokacin da ya rasu, al'umma sun girgiza kasancerwar sa mutumin da ya samu karɓuwa a tsakanin shugabanni da masu sarauta da kuma sauran al'umma. Gumi ya kasance malami, alƙali kuma tsani tsakanin shugabanni da talakawa. Baya ga batun addini, Sheikh Gumi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ɓangaren mulki da kuma ayyukan gwamnati. Ya kasance mai kusanci sosai ga masu mulki, sannan ya riƙa ƙarfafa wa al'ummar arewacin Najeriya, musamman Musulmai gwiwa wajen shiga ayyukan gwamnati da karatun zamani. Tsarin koyarwarsa ya sha bamban, inda ake yaba masa wajen haƙuri tare da ƙoƙarin ganin al'umma sun fahimci abin da yake koyarwa.<ref>bbc</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gumi, Abubakar Mahmud}} etwdry0btp9fq01cbym026mbdc2d92j 829848 829846 2026-05-05T04:54:12Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829848 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Sultan Bello Mosque 05.jpg|thumb|Masallacin [[Masallacin Sarkin Musulmi Bello|Sultan Bello]] dake Kaduna inda Malam Abubakar Gummi ya yi limanci tare da gabatar da wa'azinsa.]] [[File:Abubakar Mahmoud Gummi.jpg|thumb|Malam Abubakar Gummi]] '''Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi''' (an haife shi a shekara 1962 –zuwa shekarar 1992)<ref name="HunwickO'Fahey1994">{{cite book|author1=John O. Hunwick|author2=Rex Séan O'Fahey|title=Arabic Literature of Africa: The writings of central Sudanic Africa Vol.2. Volume 13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nKXOThUEpcC&pg=PA551dq=Abubakar+Gummi+1922|year=1994|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-10494-1|page=551}}</ref> malamin Addinin Musulunci ne ɗan Najeriya kuma alƙalin alƙalai na yankin [[Arewacin Najeriya]], matsayin da ya sanya shi ya zama cibiyar tafsirin tsarin shari’a a yankin. Ya kasance na kusa da [[Ahmadu Bello]], Firimiyan Arewa a shekarun alif 1950 zuwa 1960 kuma ya zama Grand Khadi a shekara ta 1967, Kafin a soke wannan mukamin daga baya. Gummi ya fito a matsayin shugaba mai faɗa a ji a lokacin mulkin mallaka, inda yake ganin tsarin mulkin kai tsaye ya raunana ƙarfin addini na sarakuna da kuma ƙarfafa Turawan Yamma. Tun daga shekarun alif 1960 ne ake samun rigingimu tsakanin jama’a tsakaninsa da shugabannin ‘yan’uwantakar Sufaye, waɗanda daga baya ya yi muhawara a shirye-shiryen talabijin a shekarun alif 1970 zuwa shekara ta alif 1980. A wannan lokacin ya ci gaba da maida hankalinsa wajen gudanar da tarukan juma'a a cikin babban masallacin Kaduna ([[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]). Ya yi amfani da zaman wajen Farfaɗo da sukar da ya ke yi wa hukumomi bisa ga ra'ayinsa na koma baya ga tsarin tushen ko kuma buƙatar rungumar aikin tsafta na Musulunci. Ya kuma yi suka da kakkausar murya kan shigar sufanci. Yana da ’ya’ya da yawa, daga ciki akwai [[Ahmad Gummi|Dr. Ahmad Abubakar Gummi]] wanda ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin malamin babban masallacin Kaduna (Sultan Bello), Dakta Ahmad Gummi ƙwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] Zariya. kuma tsohon hafsan soji ne, ya bar aikin soja, ya yi tattaki zuwa jami'ar umm al-Qura da ke [[Makkah]], ƙasar [[Saudiyya]] inda ya yi karatun digirin digirgir (PhD). Gummi mabiyin mazhabar [[malikiyya]] ne, wannan ya samo asali ne ta hanyar rubuce-rubucen sa da suka haɗa da tafsirin alƙur'ani (Raddul azhaan ila ma'anil Ƙur'an). da sauran littafai kamar (hullu nizam ala nuzuul isa) da (Al-Aqidatus As-Saheehah bi muwafaqati ash- Shari'ah) da sauransu == Karatu == Ya yi karatu da rubuce-rubuce a kan addinin [[musulunci]] sosai, ya fassara [[Qur'an|Qur'ani]] zuwa [[Hausa|harshen Hausa]], kuma shi ne mutum na farko da ya rubuta tarjama wato fassarar ɗai-ɗaikun ayoyin dake Alkur'ani.<ref>John N. Paden, Muslim Civic Cultures and Conflict Resolution: the challenge of democratic federalism in Nigeria, Brookings Institution Press, 2005. p 60. ISBN 0-8157-6817-6</ref> Hakan ne ya sa ya samu nasarar samun kyautar Sarki Faisal(King Faisal Award), daga ƙasar saudiya. Malamin dai ya kasance babban aboki kuma mai ba wa Firimiya [[Ahmadu Bello]] Sardaunan Sakkwato shawara. Shi ne mahaifin Dakta Shaykh [[Ahmad Gumi]]. == Shahara == Gumi ya shahara tun lokacin mulkin mallakar Turawa a matsayin mai faɗa a ji, yana sukar salon Mulkin [[Turawa]], cewa ya karya lagon sarakunan Musulmi kuma hakan yana Ƙara karfafa al'adun Turai a ƙasashen musulunci. A farkon shekara ta 1960 an samu barkewar rikici tsakanin sa da malaman sufaye wanda daga baya rikicin ya koma muhawara a gidajen rediyo da talabijin a shekarun 1970 zuwa shekara ta 1980.<ref>The Independent: "Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi" by Karl Maier 16 September 1992</ref> Ya riƙa amfani da ranakun Juma'a a matsayin lokutan yada akidunsa a babban masallacin Juma'a na [[Kaduna]] mai suna [[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]. == Dangi == Abubakar Gumi ba a san takamaiman yawan yayansa ba, amma mafi shahara a cikinsu shi ne Dr. [[Ahmad Gumi]] Wanda shi ne ya gaji Mahaifinsa a matsayin mai gabatar da wa'azi a masallacin na Sultan Bello dake Kaduna. Dr Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke [[Zariya]]. Kuma tsohon jami'in sojin Nijeriya ne, ya bar aikin soja inda ya tafi zuwa ƙasar Saudiyya domin karanta ilimin fikihu, a jami'ar [[Ummul Quraa]] da ke birnin [[Makkah|Makka]] inda ya samu shaidar digirin digir-gir.<ref>John Owen Hunwick. Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan, Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. ISBN 0-8101-1037-7</ref> [[File:Nigerian Public Domain 105.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Abubakar Gumi a shekarar 1970.]] == Tarihi == === Rayuwar farko da ilimi === An haifi Gumi a kauyen Gummi (yanzu karamar hukuma ce a jihar Zamfara ) a ranar Juma'ar karshe na watan Ramadan shekara ta 1344, ga iyalan Mahmud, malamin addinin Musulunci kuma Alkali (alkali) na Gummi. Iliminsa ya fara ne a bangon danginsa lokacin yana dalibin koyarwar addinin musulunci na mahaifinsa. Daga nan ya wuce makarantar da ke karkashin kulawar wani Malami mai suna Musa da ke Ambursa a lardin Sakkwato . A nan aka gabatar da shi ilimin Fiqhu da karanta littafai da waqoqin yabo ga Annabi. Makarantar boko ta farko da ya yi ita ce makarantar firamare ta Dogondaji, yayin da a makarantar firamare ya hadu da Sarkin Musulmi na 18 a nan gaba, Ibrahim Dasuki, kuma ya yi fice a harkokin addini. An nada shi Hakimin Salla (shugaban sallah) kuma an dora masa alhakin ciyar da dalibai ayyukan addini. A cikin shekara guda aka mayar da shi Makarantar Midil ta Sakkwato, inda Ahmadu Bello yake koyarwa. A nan ne ya saba da Shehu Shagari, da Waziri Muhammadu Junaidu, da Yahaya Gusau; na baya-bayan nan shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam, wata fitacciyar kungiyar Musulmi ta Najeriya . Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na secondary ya tafi [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] inda ya karanta fannin shari'a sannan ya samu horon Qadi . Ya fara aiki a matsayin magatakarda ga Qadi Attahiru amma ba da jimawa ba ya rasa nasaba da takamaiman aikinsa. Ya ba da darussa na sirri kan Musulunci da [[tafsiri]] a matsayin kubuta daga bacin ransa. Ya rasa mahaifinsa a shekara ta 1937 a lokacin da yake makarantar sakandare. Ya yi aure bayan shekara 3 da Maryama a shekarar 1941 yana dan shekara 19. <ref name="IndependentObit">{{Cite web |date=1992-09-15 |title=Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sheikh-abubakar-mahmud-gumi-1551628.html |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> === Farkon aiki === A shekarar 1947 Abubakar Gumi ya bar aikin sakatare na Qadi Attahiru ya tafi koyarwa a makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta Kano, wadda ya taba halarta a baya. A lokacin da yake Kano, ya hadu da Sheik Sa'id Hayatu, dan shugaban Mahdiyya na karni na 19, Hayatu ibn Sa'id, kuma wani mutum da ake ganin yana daya daga cikin fitattun wadanda mulkin mallaka ya rutsa da su. Shi ne shugaban kungiyar Mahdiyya, kuma ya dawo daga zaman tilas a kasar Kamaru . Abubakar ya shaku da koyarwar harkar Mahdiyya, a takaice ya zama mabiyi; Daga baya ya auri diyar Hayatu, Maryam. Duk da haka, ta rasu bayan ta haifi ɗa namiji. Dan Abubakar Gumi na farko ba Ahmad Abubakar ba ne, Dr Hamza Abubakar likita ne da ke aiki a yanzu haka a birnin Riyadh na kasar Saudiyya, sai kuma Manjo Janar Abdulkadir Abubakar (rtd) da kuma yaya mata biyu – daya ya auri marigayi Mai shari’a Muhammadu Bello, tsohon alkalin alkalai na tarayya, dayan kuma ta auri Sheik Sunusi Gumbi, sanannen malamin addinin musulunci kuma dalibin Abubakar Gumi. A 1949 Gumi ya sami aikin koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru, Sakkwato. Makarantar tana da wani shahararren malami mai suna [[Aminu Kano]], wanda shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar malamai ta Arewa kuma mai kula da wasu ‘yan [[Makarantar Islamiyya|makarantun musulmi]] . Aminu da Gumi sun yi cudanya tare da raba ra’ayoyi kan tasirin al’ummar gargajiya da addinin Musulunci, da kuma halin ko in kula ko goyon bayan da ‘yan’uwan Sufaye suke ba wa halin da ake ciki na [[Bida|Bidi’a]] . Ya bar Maru ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar koyon Larabci da ke Kano. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya zama malami na tsawon shekaru biyu a makarantar. Ya kuma halarci makarantar ilimi a Sudan. <ref name="Hunwick">John Owen Hunwick. ''Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan'', Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. {{ISBN|0-8101-1037-7}}</ref> A 1957 ya zama mai fassara ga gwamnatin Arewacin Najeriya kan al'amuran [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] . == Rikici == Abubakar Gumi yana da ra'ayi game da tsarin mulki da na addini na jami'an masarautu a Arewacin Najeriya. Rikicin akidarsa na farko da hukumomi shine a Maru. Rikici ya shafi aikin Tayamum . Babban Limamin Masallacin Maru ya kasance yana yin wanka da yashi (Tayammum) gabanin Sallah yayin da Gumi ya yi nuni da cewa Tayammu ana amfani da ita ne kawai idan ba a samu ruwa ba, kuma ana samun ruwa sosai a Maru . Gumi ya ci gaba da kalubalantar wannan al’ada, inda ya nemi dalibai da kada su fito don yin Sallah har sai Imam ya fasa yin Taimiyya. Sai dai Gumi wanda a baya ya rubuta kakkausar murya kan Sarkin Musulmi, yanzu ya samu Sarkin Musulmi yana sha’awar kokensa da babban limamin Maru. An kafa kwamitin bincike kan lamarin tare da goyon bayan Sarkin Musulmi. Sai dai da yake Gumi ya fi sanin aqidar Musulunci, haka nan kuma basirarsa ta gardama, sai hukumar ta yanke hukunci a kan Gumi. [1] Bayan samun nasara kadan a kan Sarkin Musulmi, Gumi ya yi amfani da hankalin da ya samu ta hanyar rubuta wata kasida mai mahimmanci a kan batun Musulmi, musamman Sarkin Musulmi, ya karbi mukaman Ingila . A lokacin, sannu a hankali ya fara ƙalubalantar imani da halaye na ayyuka a tsakanin al'ummar musulmi. [ abubuwan da ake bukata ] Wani harin da Gumi ya kai shi ne kungiyar [[Ahmadiyya]] karkashin jagorancin [[Jibril Martin]] . Yunkurin ya kasance manufa mai sauƙi ga Gumi, saboda wasu ra'ayoyin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar sun yi hannun riga da ainihin akidar Musulunci, kamar yadda wanda ya kafa ya sanya kansa a matsayin annabci . Daga baya Gumi ya fara fargabar wannan harkar ne sakamakon kwarewar tsarin kungiya na wanda ya assasa Najeriya, a hankali kungiyar ta shiga cikin hukumar alhazai ta yammacin Najeriya, sannan ta kafa makarantun almajirai a Kudu sannan kuma ya tashi zuwa arewa wajen yada manufofin Ahmadiyya. Gumi ya dauki wannan kalubale cikin sauki sannan aka dakile manufar kungiyar ta arewa. == Bayyanarshi a Kafafen yaɗa labarai == Sheik Gumi ya yi hajjin sa na farko zuwa Makka a shekarar 1955 kuma Ahmadu Bello ne ya hada shi da shi. Yayin da yake Makka ya yi tafsirin ayyukan addinin Musulunci tare da Bello da Sarki Sa'ud. Ya kuma sadu da dimbin al'ummar al'ummar musulmi ko kuma al'ummar musulmi a kasar Saudiyya, wadanda da yawa daga baya suka zama masu kyautata masa bayan rasuwar Ahmadu Bello a shekarar 1966. Da ya dawo Najeriya ya fara koyarwa a Makarantar Koyon Larabci da ke Kano da kuma wasu Makarantun Musulmi da kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam (JNI) ta kafa wacce ke kusa da birnin Kaduna. Babban bangare na koyarwarsa ya mayar da hankali kan bambance-bambancen al'ada da addini, da yadda za a fahimta da kuma rungumar asalin Musulunci. Ya kuma rubuta tafsirin kur'ani wanda akasari a kan sunna, ya kuma fassara kur'ani daga Larabci zuwa Hausa . Wannan tsari ya kai ga yada Littafi Mai Tsarki ga dimbin jama’ar Arewacin Najeriya, kuma ra’ayoyinsa da sakonsa kan muhimman koyarwar Musulunci sun fara samun dimbin masu sauraro. [1] Sai dai adawar da ya yi da manyan 'yan uwantakar Sufaye kamar Tijjaniyya da Qadiriyya ta jawo masa suka a kai a kai, kuma wasu daga cikin musulmi suka rika kai masa hari kan tafsirinsa; ya kan amsa da cewa su ci gaba da yin tafsirin nasu, idan ba sa son nasa. [1] A shekarun 1970 ya zama mai yawan fitowa a shirye-shiryen talabijin, musamman a lokutan bukukuwan Musulunci. "Lokacin da muka je wurin jifan shaiɗan (Jamra) sa'ilin aikin Hajji, sai mutanenmu suka riƙa yin wasu abubuwa marasa ma'ana. "Wasu suka riƙa nemo manyan duwatsu, wasu kuma suka riƙa cire takalmansu suna jifan jamrah, suna zage-zage da furta munanan kalamai, da sunan jifan shaiɗan." Wannan na daga cikin abubuwan da suka sanya Sheikh Abubakar Gumi ya yi yunƙuri a hukumance na sake faɗakar da mabiya addinin Musulunci a Najeriya yadda ake yin addini, bayan sanar da Firimiyan arewa na farko Ahmadu Bello, kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗaliban marigayin, Sheikh Yusuf Sambo Rigachikun ya tabbatar wa BBC. Wannan yunƙuri ya haifar da kafa wasu ƙungiyoyi guda biyu waɗanda suka jagoranci tafiyar da lamurran addinin Musulunci a Najeriya - Jama'atu Nasril Islam, sai kuma daga baya Jama'atu Izalatil Bidi'a wa Iqamatussunnah - lamarin da ya yi tasiri kan miliyoyin mabiya addinin a Najeriya. Shekara 33 bayan rasuwarsa, miliyoyin Musulmai a Najeriya na ci gaba da bin koyarwarsa, sannan ƙungiyoyin da ya jagoranci kafawa ne a gaba-gaba wajen yaɗawa da kuma tafiyar da al'amuran Musulunci a ƙasar. Baya ga Shehu Usman Danfodiyo, wanda ya yi jihadin sake ɗabbaƙa addinin Musulunci a ƙasar Hausa a farkon shekarun 1800, ana ganin cewa babu wani malami da koyarsa ta Musulunci ta yi tasiri a Najeriya kamar Abubakar Gumi. Wasu masana addini ma na ganin tasirin da Gumi ya yi "ta fi" ta Usman Danfodio, kasancewar a lokacinsa akwai hanyoyin sadarwa irin su talabijin da rediyo da hanyar wallafa litattafai da jaridu, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen yaɗa ayyukansa a ƙasar Hausa da maƙwafta. <ref>Bbc</ref> == Kawo sauyi == Tun kafin yunƙurin samar da ƙungiyoyin sake ilimantar da Musulman Najeriya kan ibada, Abubakar Gumi ya kasance mutum mai neman kawo sauyi, lamarin da ya sa ya yi ƙaurin suna tsakanin malamai da sarakuna har ma da turawan mulkin mallaka. A cikin littafinsa na Manufata, Gumi ya tuno yadda ya ƙalubalanci malaman addinin Musulunci waɗanda suke yin addini "yadda suka ga dama". Gumi ya ce "Sufanci ya zamo jiki a tsakanin al'umma ta yadda babu wanda ya damu ya binciki ko ya yi daidai da koyawar al-Ƙur'ani da hadisan annabi Muhammad". Irin wannan yunƙuri nasa ya fara jan hankali ne a lokacin da yake koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru a shekarar 1949. A lokacin ya fahimci yadda malaman addini da kuma sauran al'umma ke cakuɗa ibada da al'adu ko wasu abubuwa na daban. Limamin Juma'a na Maru a wancan lokaci ya kasance yana yin taimama domin yin sallah a maimakon alwala da ruwa, duk kuwa da wadatuwar ruwan da kuma rashin wata hujja ta yin taimamar. Bayan yunƙurin da ya yi na faɗakar da limamin game da 'haramcin' hakan, amma abin ya ci tura, Gumi ya hana ɗalibansa halartar sallar Juma'a a babban masallacin Maru, inda ya riƙa jan su sallah a cikin makaranta. A matsayin martani, sarkin Maru ya rubuta takardar ƙorafi kan Abubakar Gumi zuwa ga fadar sarkin Musulmi da kuma hukumomi turawan mulkin mallaka. Sai dai a ƙarshe Abubakar Gumi ne ya yi nasara ta hanyar gabatar da hujjoji masu ƙarfi da suka tabbatar da koyarwarsa. A game da turawan mulkin mallaka, Gumi ya ce "Idan na tuna ɓarnar da mulkin mallakar Birtaniya ya yi a ƙasarmu, nakan riƙa mamakin yadda mutanenmu suka kwashe tsawon shekaru ba tare da sun fahimci hakan ba. "Hatta a tsakanin masu iliminmu, ƙalilan ne suke tsayawa su fahimci yadda mulkin mallaka ya illa ga tunaninmu".<ref>bbc</ref> == Littafin da ya yamutsa hazo == Littafin da Abubakar Gumi ya rubuta a shekara ta 1972 mai taken 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha bi-Muwafaqat al-Shar'i' ya haifar da zazzafar muhawara tsakanin Musulman arewacin Najeriya sanadiyyar kakkausar sukar da littafin ya yi kan wasu ayyuka na masu bin akidar sufanci. A wannan lokaci kusan ɗaukacin Musulman Najeriya na bin tsari ne na ɗariƙa, wadda ta samo asali daga koyarwa irin ta sufanci. Da farko Abubakar Gumi ya ce ya rubuta littafin ne domin amfanin masu ilimi, kasancewar koyarwar littafin zai yi tsaurin fahimta ga mabiya, waɗanda iliminsu bai yi nisa ba. Sai dai a lokacin da ya tafi Saudiyya, sai Mallam Isma'ila Idris ya ɗauki littafin ya yi wa'azi da shi a birnin Kaduna, wani abu da ya haifar da ruɗani, abin da ya kai ga dole sai da ya ajiye aikinsa na gwamnati a matsayin malami. Bayan ajiye aiki, Mallam Idris ya shiga aikin soja, inda ya yi aiki a garuruwa da dama na Najeriya, kafin mayar da shi garin Jos, kuma duk inda ya je ya riƙa koyar da karatu ta hanyar amfani da littafin Sheikh Gumi na 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha'. Wannan ne ya haifar da ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar Izalatil Bidi'a wa iƙamatussunnah a birnin Jos. Da'awar Gumi na kira ga Musulmi su yi aiki da karantarwar al-Ƙur'ani da kuma Hadisan Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) kawai, wani abu da ake ganin ya kawo gagarumin sauyi a yadda ake tafiyar da ibada a Najeriya da wasu ƙasashen da ke maƙwaftaka a lokacin.<ref>bbc</ref> == Wane ne Abubakar Gumi? == An haifi Abubakar Mahmud Gumi ne ranar Juma'a 7 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1924, wadda ita ce Juma'a ta ƙarshe ta watan Ramadan na shekara ta 1344 bayan hijira, kamar yadda malamin ya bayyana a cikin litattafinsa. Shahararren malamin addinin Musulunci ne kuma masanin shari'a, wanda ya kai har matsayin Alkalin Alkalai (Grand kadi) na arewacin Najeriya. Ya fara samun ilimi ne a wajen mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi. Sunan mahaifinsa Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, wanda ake kiransa da Na-Gumi, saboda zaman da ya yi a garin Gumi bayan zama a wurare daban-daban na ƙasar Hausa, kamar Katsina, Borno da Dutse. Mahaifin Abubakar Gumi ya kasance babban malamin addinin Musulunci da shari'a, kuma ɗaya daga cikin malamai da aka fi girmamawa a yankin Sokoto da Zamfara da kuma Kebbi a zamaninsa. Kakan mahaifin Abubakar Gumi shi ne Sheikh Aliyu Barou el-Badawi, wanda ya fito daga ƙabilar Larabawa ta Bedouin, waɗanda aka sani da kiwo a yankin Larabawa da arewacin nahiyar Afirka. Babu cikakken bayani kan yadda ya isa yankin Sokoto, amma dai ana ganin zuwan sa ba ya rasa nasaba da ziyarar da Larabawa suka riƙa yi zuwa ƙasar Hausa bayan ƙarni na 15, lokacin da Musulunci ya samu karɓuwa a ƙasar Hausa. Sunan mahaifiyar Abubakar Gumi Hafsatu, ɗiyar Malam Adamu, wadda mahaifinsa ya aura lokacin da yake koyarwa a Jega.<ref>bbc</ref> == Karatu == Abubakar Gumi ya fara karatunsa ne a hannun mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, inda ya haddace al-Ƙur'ani sannan kuma ya yi karatun litattafai da dama. Bayan nan a shekara ta 1933 ya shiga makarantar boko ta Dogon Daji Elementary School, inda daga baya aka mayar da shi makarantar Middle da ke Sokoto a shekara ta 1936. Daga nan ne ya tafi makarantar ilimin shari'a ta Kano. Sannan a shekara ta 1952 ya zurfafa karatu a makarantar koyar da Larabci ta Kano. Daga nan ne kuma ya yi karatun babbar difloma a cibiyar ilimi ta Bakht al-Rida da ke Sudan daga shekarar 1955 zuwa 1956. A shekarar 1987, Gumi ya lashe kyautar Sarki Faisal kan hidima ga addinin Muslunci. Daga cikin abubuwan da suka sa ya cancanci lambar girmamawar su ne wa'azi da kuma koyar da addinin Musulunci, taimakawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam da fassara alƙur'ani zuwa harshen Hausa da kuma rubuta litattafai na addinin Musulunci.<ref>bbc</ref> == Ayyukan ilimi == Abubakar Gumi ya yi gagarumar hidima ta hanyar rubuce-rubuce da kuma fassarar litattafai na addini.<ref>Bbc</ref> Litattafan da ya rubuta waɗanda suka fi yin fice sun haɗa da:<ref>Bbc</ref> * Tafsirin Al-ƙur'ani na '''Rad al-Azhan ila Ma'ani al-Qur`an''' * Al-Aqidah al-Sahiha bi Muwafaqat al-Shari'a * Kitab al-Nasihaila Amir MantiqatKatsina * Manufata / Where I Stand * Hal al-Niza` fi Mas´alatNuzul Isa alaih al-Salatwa al-Salam * Musulunchi da Abinda ke Rushe Shi * Zad al-Haj * Kitab Maratib al-Islam * Kitab Manasik al-hajwa al-Umra '''Fassara:''' * Fassarar ma'anonin al-Ƙur'ani mai girma * Fassarar Hadisai Arba'in (al-Nawawi) * Fassarar littafin Nur al-Bab * Fassarar littafin Hidayat al-Tullab fiAhamMasail al-Din == Rasuwa == Sheikh Abubakar Mahmoud Gumi ya rasu ne a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1992, a birnin Landan na ƙasar Birtaniya. A lokacin da ya rasu, al'umma sun girgiza kasancerwar sa mutumin da ya samu karɓuwa a tsakanin shugabanni da masu sarauta da kuma sauran al'umma. Gumi ya kasance malami, alƙali kuma tsani tsakanin shugabanni da talakawa. Baya ga batun addini, Sheikh Gumi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ɓangaren mulki da kuma ayyukan gwamnati. Ya kasance mai kusanci sosai ga masu mulki, sannan ya riƙa ƙarfafa wa al'ummar arewacin Najeriya, musamman Musulmai gwiwa wajen shiga ayyukan gwamnati da karatun zamani. Tsarin koyarwarsa ya sha bamban, inda ake yaba masa wajen haƙuri tare da ƙoƙarin ganin al'umma sun fahimci abin da yake koyarwa.<ref>bbc</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gumi, Abubakar Mahmud}} ilt5nx71j5mbi8po4z7wit1hl2ubt9f 829849 829848 2026-05-05T04:54:52Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829849 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Sultan Bello Mosque 05.jpg|thumb|Masallacin [[Masallacin Sarkin Musulmi Bello|Sultan Bello]] dake Kaduna inda Malam Abubakar Gummi ya yi limanci tare da gabatar da wa'azinsa.]] [[File:Abubakar Mahmoud Gummi.jpg|thumb|Malam Abubakar Gummi]] '''Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi''' (an haife shi a shekara 1962 –zuwa shekarar 1992)<ref name="HunwickO'Fahey1994">{{cite book|author1=John O. Hunwick|author2=Rex Séan O'Fahey|title=Arabic Literature of Africa: The writings of central Sudanic Africa Vol.2. Volume 13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nKXOThUEpcC&pg=PA551dq=Abubakar+Gummi+1922|year=1994|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-10494-1|page=551}}</ref> malamin Addinin Musulunci ne ɗan Najeriya kuma alƙalin alƙalai na yankin [[Arewacin Najeriya]], matsayin da ya sanya shi ya zama cibiyar tafsirin tsarin shari’a a yankin. Ya kasance na kusa da [[Ahmadu Bello]], Firimiyan Arewa a shekarun alif 1950 zuwa 1960 kuma ya zama Grand Khadi a shekara ta 1967, Kafin a soke wannan mukamin daga baya. Gummi ya fito a matsayin shugaba mai faɗa a ji a lokacin mulkin mallaka, inda yake ganin tsarin mulkin kai tsaye ya raunana ƙarfin addini na sarakuna da kuma ƙarfafa Turawan Yamma. Tun daga shekarun alif 1960 ne ake samun rigingimu tsakanin jama’a tsakaninsa da shugabannin ‘yan’uwantakar Sufaye, waɗanda daga baya ya yi muhawara a shirye-shiryen talabijin a shekarun alif 1970 zuwa shekara ta alif 1980. A wannan lokacin ya ci gaba da maida hankalinsa wajen gudanar da tarukan juma'a a cikin babban masallacin Kaduna ([[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]). Ya yi amfani da zaman wajen Farfaɗo da sukar da ya ke yi wa hukumomi bisa ga ra'ayinsa na koma baya ga tsarin tushen ko kuma buƙatar rungumar aikin tsafta na Musulunci. Ya kuma yi suka da kakkausar murya kan shigar sufanci. Yana da ’ya’ya da yawa, daga ciki akwai [[Ahmad Gummi|Dr. Ahmad Abubakar Gummi]] wanda ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin malamin babban masallacin Kaduna (Sultan Bello), Dakta Ahmad Gummi ƙwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] Zariya. kuma tsohon hafsan soji ne, ya bar aikin soja, ya yi tattaki zuwa jami'ar umm al-Qura da ke [[Makkah]], ƙasar [[Saudiyya]] inda ya yi karatun digirin digirgir (PhD). Gummi mabiyin mazhabar [[malikiyya]] ne, wannan ya samo asali ne ta hanyar rubuce-rubucen sa da suka haɗa da tafsirin alƙur'ani (Raddul azhaan ila ma'anil Ƙur'an). da sauran littafai kamar (hullu nizam ala nuzuul isa) da (Al-Aqidatus As-Saheehah bi muwafaqati ash- Shari'ah) da sauransu == Karatu == Ya yi karatu da rubuce-rubuce a kan addinin [[musulunci]] sosai, ya fassara [[Qur'an|Qur'ani]] zuwa [[Hausa|harshen Hausa]], kuma shi ne mutum na farko da ya rubuta tarjama wato fassarar ɗai-ɗaikun ayoyin dake Alkur'ani.<ref>John N. Paden, Muslim Civic Cultures and Conflict Resolution: the challenge of democratic federalism in Nigeria, Brookings Institution Press, 2005. p 60. ISBN 0-8157-6817-6</ref> Hakan ne ya sa ya samu nasarar samun kyautar Sarki Faisal(King Faisal Award), daga ƙasar saudiya. Malamin dai ya kasance babban aboki kuma mai ba wa Firimiya [[Ahmadu Bello]] Sardaunan Sakkwato shawara. Shi ne mahaifin Dakta Shaikh [[Ahmad Gumi]]. == Shahara == Gumi ya shahara tun lokacin mulkin mallakar Turawa a matsayin mai faɗa a ji, yana sukar salon Mulkin [[Turawa]], cewa ya karya lagon sarakunan Musulmi kuma hakan yana Ƙara karfafa al'adun Turai a ƙasashen musulunci. A farkon shekara ta 1960 an samu barkewar rikici tsakanin sa da malaman sufaye wanda daga baya rikicin ya koma muhawara a gidajen rediyo da talabijin a shekarun 1970 zuwa shekara ta 1980.<ref>The Independent: "Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi" by Karl Maier 16 September 1992</ref> Ya riƙa amfani da ranakun Juma'a a matsayin lokutan yada akidunsa a babban masallacin Juma'a na [[Kaduna]] mai suna [[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]. == Dangi == Abubakar Gumi ba a san takamaiman yawan yayansa ba, amma mafi shahara a cikinsu shi ne Dr. [[Ahmad Gumi]] Wanda shi ne ya gaji Mahaifinsa a matsayin mai gabatar da wa'azi a masallacin na Sultan Bello dake Kaduna. Dr Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke [[Zariya]]. Kuma tsohon jami'in sojin Nijeriya ne, ya bar aikin soja inda ya tafi zuwa ƙasar Saudiyya domin karanta ilimin fikihu, a jami'ar [[Ummul Quraa]] da ke birnin [[Makkah|Makka]] inda ya samu shaidar digirin digir-gir.<ref>John Owen Hunwick. Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan, Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. ISBN 0-8101-1037-7</ref> [[File:Nigerian Public Domain 105.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Abubakar Gumi a shekarar 1970.]] == Tarihi == === Rayuwar farko da ilimi === An haifi Gumi a kauyen Gummi (yanzu karamar hukuma ce a jihar Zamfara ) a ranar Juma'ar karshe na watan Ramadan shekara ta 1344, ga iyalan Mahmud, malamin addinin Musulunci kuma Alkali (alkali) na Gummi. Iliminsa ya fara ne a bangon danginsa lokacin yana dalibin koyarwar addinin musulunci na mahaifinsa. Daga nan ya wuce makarantar da ke karkashin kulawar wani Malami mai suna Musa da ke Ambursa a lardin Sakkwato . A nan aka gabatar da shi ilimin Fiqhu da karanta littafai da waqoqin yabo ga Annabi. Makarantar boko ta farko da ya yi ita ce makarantar firamare ta Dogondaji, yayin da a makarantar firamare ya hadu da Sarkin Musulmi na 18 a nan gaba, Ibrahim Dasuki, kuma ya yi fice a harkokin addini. An nada shi Hakimin Salla (shugaban sallah) kuma an dora masa alhakin ciyar da dalibai ayyukan addini. A cikin shekara guda aka mayar da shi Makarantar Midil ta Sakkwato, inda Ahmadu Bello yake koyarwa. A nan ne ya saba da Shehu Shagari, da Waziri Muhammadu Junaidu, da Yahaya Gusau; na baya-bayan nan shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam, wata fitacciyar kungiyar Musulmi ta Najeriya . Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na secondary ya tafi [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] inda ya karanta fannin shari'a sannan ya samu horon Qadi . Ya fara aiki a matsayin magatakarda ga Qadi Attahiru amma ba da jimawa ba ya rasa nasaba da takamaiman aikinsa. Ya ba da darussa na sirri kan Musulunci da [[tafsiri]] a matsayin kubuta daga bacin ransa. Ya rasa mahaifinsa a shekara ta 1937 a lokacin da yake makarantar sakandare. Ya yi aure bayan shekara 3 da Maryama a shekarar 1941 yana dan shekara 19. <ref name="IndependentObit">{{Cite web |date=1992-09-15 |title=Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sheikh-abubakar-mahmud-gumi-1551628.html |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> === Farkon aiki === A shekarar 1947 Abubakar Gumi ya bar aikin sakatare na Qadi Attahiru ya tafi koyarwa a makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta Kano, wadda ya taba halarta a baya. A lokacin da yake Kano, ya hadu da Sheik Sa'id Hayatu, dan shugaban Mahdiyya na karni na 19, Hayatu ibn Sa'id, kuma wani mutum da ake ganin yana daya daga cikin fitattun wadanda mulkin mallaka ya rutsa da su. Shi ne shugaban kungiyar Mahdiyya, kuma ya dawo daga zaman tilas a kasar Kamaru . Abubakar ya shaku da koyarwar harkar Mahdiyya, a takaice ya zama mabiyi; Daga baya ya auri diyar Hayatu, Maryam. Duk da haka, ta rasu bayan ta haifi ɗa namiji. Dan Abubakar Gumi na farko ba Ahmad Abubakar ba ne, Dr Hamza Abubakar likita ne da ke aiki a yanzu haka a birnin Riyadh na kasar Saudiyya, sai kuma Manjo Janar Abdulkadir Abubakar (rtd) da kuma yaya mata biyu – daya ya auri marigayi Mai shari’a Muhammadu Bello, tsohon alkalin alkalai na tarayya, dayan kuma ta auri Sheik Sunusi Gumbi, sanannen malamin addinin musulunci kuma dalibin Abubakar Gumi. A 1949 Gumi ya sami aikin koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru, Sakkwato. Makarantar tana da wani shahararren malami mai suna [[Aminu Kano]], wanda shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar malamai ta Arewa kuma mai kula da wasu ‘yan [[Makarantar Islamiyya|makarantun musulmi]] . Aminu da Gumi sun yi cudanya tare da raba ra’ayoyi kan tasirin al’ummar gargajiya da addinin Musulunci, da kuma halin ko in kula ko goyon bayan da ‘yan’uwan Sufaye suke ba wa halin da ake ciki na [[Bida|Bidi’a]] . Ya bar Maru ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar koyon Larabci da ke Kano. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya zama malami na tsawon shekaru biyu a makarantar. Ya kuma halarci makarantar ilimi a Sudan. <ref name="Hunwick">John Owen Hunwick. ''Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan'', Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. {{ISBN|0-8101-1037-7}}</ref> A 1957 ya zama mai fassara ga gwamnatin Arewacin Najeriya kan al'amuran [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] . == Rikici == Abubakar Gumi yana da ra'ayi game da tsarin mulki da na addini na jami'an masarautu a Arewacin Najeriya. Rikicin akidarsa na farko da hukumomi shine a Maru. Rikici ya shafi aikin Tayamum . Babban Limamin Masallacin Maru ya kasance yana yin wanka da yashi (Tayammum) gabanin Sallah yayin da Gumi ya yi nuni da cewa Tayammu ana amfani da ita ne kawai idan ba a samu ruwa ba, kuma ana samun ruwa sosai a Maru . Gumi ya ci gaba da kalubalantar wannan al’ada, inda ya nemi dalibai da kada su fito don yin Sallah har sai Imam ya fasa yin Taimiyya. Sai dai Gumi wanda a baya ya rubuta kakkausar murya kan Sarkin Musulmi, yanzu ya samu Sarkin Musulmi yana sha’awar kokensa da babban limamin Maru. An kafa kwamitin bincike kan lamarin tare da goyon bayan Sarkin Musulmi. Sai dai da yake Gumi ya fi sanin aqidar Musulunci, haka nan kuma basirarsa ta gardama, sai hukumar ta yanke hukunci a kan Gumi. [1] Bayan samun nasara kadan a kan Sarkin Musulmi, Gumi ya yi amfani da hankalin da ya samu ta hanyar rubuta wata kasida mai mahimmanci a kan batun Musulmi, musamman Sarkin Musulmi, ya karbi mukaman Ingila . A lokacin, sannu a hankali ya fara ƙalubalantar imani da halaye na ayyuka a tsakanin al'ummar musulmi. [ abubuwan da ake bukata ] Wani harin da Gumi ya kai shi ne kungiyar [[Ahmadiyya]] karkashin jagorancin [[Jibril Martin]] . Yunkurin ya kasance manufa mai sauƙi ga Gumi, saboda wasu ra'ayoyin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar sun yi hannun riga da ainihin akidar Musulunci, kamar yadda wanda ya kafa ya sanya kansa a matsayin annabci . Daga baya Gumi ya fara fargabar wannan harkar ne sakamakon kwarewar tsarin kungiya na wanda ya assasa Najeriya, a hankali kungiyar ta shiga cikin hukumar alhazai ta yammacin Najeriya, sannan ta kafa makarantun almajirai a Kudu sannan kuma ya tashi zuwa arewa wajen yada manufofin Ahmadiyya. Gumi ya dauki wannan kalubale cikin sauki sannan aka dakile manufar kungiyar ta arewa. == Bayyanarshi a Kafafen yaɗa labarai == Sheik Gumi ya yi hajjin sa na farko zuwa Makka a shekarar 1955 kuma Ahmadu Bello ne ya hada shi da shi. Yayin da yake Makka ya yi tafsirin ayyukan addinin Musulunci tare da Bello da Sarki Sa'ud. Ya kuma sadu da dimbin al'ummar al'ummar musulmi ko kuma al'ummar musulmi a kasar Saudiyya, wadanda da yawa daga baya suka zama masu kyautata masa bayan rasuwar Ahmadu Bello a shekarar 1966. Da ya dawo Najeriya ya fara koyarwa a Makarantar Koyon Larabci da ke Kano da kuma wasu Makarantun Musulmi da kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam (JNI) ta kafa wacce ke kusa da birnin Kaduna. Babban bangare na koyarwarsa ya mayar da hankali kan bambance-bambancen al'ada da addini, da yadda za a fahimta da kuma rungumar asalin Musulunci. Ya kuma rubuta tafsirin kur'ani wanda akasari a kan sunna, ya kuma fassara kur'ani daga Larabci zuwa Hausa . Wannan tsari ya kai ga yada Littafi Mai Tsarki ga dimbin jama’ar Arewacin Najeriya, kuma ra’ayoyinsa da sakonsa kan muhimman koyarwar Musulunci sun fara samun dimbin masu sauraro. [1] Sai dai adawar da ya yi da manyan 'yan uwantakar Sufaye kamar Tijjaniyya da Qadiriyya ta jawo masa suka a kai a kai, kuma wasu daga cikin musulmi suka rika kai masa hari kan tafsirinsa; ya kan amsa da cewa su ci gaba da yin tafsirin nasu, idan ba sa son nasa. [1] A shekarun 1970 ya zama mai yawan fitowa a shirye-shiryen talabijin, musamman a lokutan bukukuwan Musulunci. "Lokacin da muka je wurin jifan shaiɗan (Jamra) sa'ilin aikin Hajji, sai mutanenmu suka riƙa yin wasu abubuwa marasa ma'ana. "Wasu suka riƙa nemo manyan duwatsu, wasu kuma suka riƙa cire takalmansu suna jifan jamrah, suna zage-zage da furta munanan kalamai, da sunan jifan shaiɗan." Wannan na daga cikin abubuwan da suka sanya Sheikh Abubakar Gumi ya yi yunƙuri a hukumance na sake faɗakar da mabiya addinin Musulunci a Najeriya yadda ake yin addini, bayan sanar da Firimiyan arewa na farko Ahmadu Bello, kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗaliban marigayin, Sheikh Yusuf Sambo Rigachikun ya tabbatar wa BBC. Wannan yunƙuri ya haifar da kafa wasu ƙungiyoyi guda biyu waɗanda suka jagoranci tafiyar da lamurran addinin Musulunci a Najeriya - Jama'atu Nasril Islam, sai kuma daga baya Jama'atu Izalatil Bidi'a wa Iqamatussunnah - lamarin da ya yi tasiri kan miliyoyin mabiya addinin a Najeriya. Shekara 33 bayan rasuwarsa, miliyoyin Musulmai a Najeriya na ci gaba da bin koyarwarsa, sannan ƙungiyoyin da ya jagoranci kafawa ne a gaba-gaba wajen yaɗawa da kuma tafiyar da al'amuran Musulunci a ƙasar. Baya ga Shehu Usman Danfodiyo, wanda ya yi jihadin sake ɗabbaƙa addinin Musulunci a ƙasar Hausa a farkon shekarun 1800, ana ganin cewa babu wani malami da koyarsa ta Musulunci ta yi tasiri a Najeriya kamar Abubakar Gumi. Wasu masana addini ma na ganin tasirin da Gumi ya yi "ta fi" ta Usman Danfodio, kasancewar a lokacinsa akwai hanyoyin sadarwa irin su talabijin da rediyo da hanyar wallafa litattafai da jaridu, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen yaɗa ayyukansa a ƙasar Hausa da maƙwafta. <ref>Bbc</ref> == Kawo sauyi == Tun kafin yunƙurin samar da ƙungiyoyin sake ilimantar da Musulman Najeriya kan ibada, Abubakar Gumi ya kasance mutum mai neman kawo sauyi, lamarin da ya sa ya yi ƙaurin suna tsakanin malamai da sarakuna har ma da turawan mulkin mallaka. A cikin littafinsa na Manufata, Gumi ya tuno yadda ya ƙalubalanci malaman addinin Musulunci waɗanda suke yin addini "yadda suka ga dama". Gumi ya ce "Sufanci ya zamo jiki a tsakanin al'umma ta yadda babu wanda ya damu ya binciki ko ya yi daidai da koyawar al-Ƙur'ani da hadisan annabi Muhammad". Irin wannan yunƙuri nasa ya fara jan hankali ne a lokacin da yake koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru a shekarar 1949. A lokacin ya fahimci yadda malaman addini da kuma sauran al'umma ke cakuɗa ibada da al'adu ko wasu abubuwa na daban. Limamin Juma'a na Maru a wancan lokaci ya kasance yana yin taimama domin yin sallah a maimakon alwala da ruwa, duk kuwa da wadatuwar ruwan da kuma rashin wata hujja ta yin taimamar. Bayan yunƙurin da ya yi na faɗakar da limamin game da 'haramcin' hakan, amma abin ya ci tura, Gumi ya hana ɗalibansa halartar sallar Juma'a a babban masallacin Maru, inda ya riƙa jan su sallah a cikin makaranta. A matsayin martani, sarkin Maru ya rubuta takardar ƙorafi kan Abubakar Gumi zuwa ga fadar sarkin Musulmi da kuma hukumomi turawan mulkin mallaka. Sai dai a ƙarshe Abubakar Gumi ne ya yi nasara ta hanyar gabatar da hujjoji masu ƙarfi da suka tabbatar da koyarwarsa. A game da turawan mulkin mallaka, Gumi ya ce "Idan na tuna ɓarnar da mulkin mallakar Birtaniya ya yi a ƙasarmu, nakan riƙa mamakin yadda mutanenmu suka kwashe tsawon shekaru ba tare da sun fahimci hakan ba. "Hatta a tsakanin masu iliminmu, ƙalilan ne suke tsayawa su fahimci yadda mulkin mallaka ya illa ga tunaninmu".<ref>bbc</ref> == Littafin da ya yamutsa hazo == Littafin da Abubakar Gumi ya rubuta a shekara ta 1972 mai taken 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha bi-Muwafaqat al-Shar'i' ya haifar da zazzafar muhawara tsakanin Musulman arewacin Najeriya sanadiyyar kakkausar sukar da littafin ya yi kan wasu ayyuka na masu bin akidar sufanci. A wannan lokaci kusan ɗaukacin Musulman Najeriya na bin tsari ne na ɗariƙa, wadda ta samo asali daga koyarwa irin ta sufanci. Da farko Abubakar Gumi ya ce ya rubuta littafin ne domin amfanin masu ilimi, kasancewar koyarwar littafin zai yi tsaurin fahimta ga mabiya, waɗanda iliminsu bai yi nisa ba. Sai dai a lokacin da ya tafi Saudiyya, sai Mallam Isma'ila Idris ya ɗauki littafin ya yi wa'azi da shi a birnin Kaduna, wani abu da ya haifar da ruɗani, abin da ya kai ga dole sai da ya ajiye aikinsa na gwamnati a matsayin malami. Bayan ajiye aiki, Mallam Idris ya shiga aikin soja, inda ya yi aiki a garuruwa da dama na Najeriya, kafin mayar da shi garin Jos, kuma duk inda ya je ya riƙa koyar da karatu ta hanyar amfani da littafin Sheikh Gumi na 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha'. Wannan ne ya haifar da ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar Izalatil Bidi'a wa iƙamatussunnah a birnin Jos. Da'awar Gumi na kira ga Musulmi su yi aiki da karantarwar al-Ƙur'ani da kuma Hadisan Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) kawai, wani abu da ake ganin ya kawo gagarumin sauyi a yadda ake tafiyar da ibada a Najeriya da wasu ƙasashen da ke maƙwaftaka a lokacin.<ref>bbc</ref> == Wane ne Abubakar Gumi? == An haifi Abubakar Mahmud Gumi ne ranar Juma'a 7 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1924, wadda ita ce Juma'a ta ƙarshe ta watan Ramadan na shekara ta 1344 bayan hijira, kamar yadda malamin ya bayyana a cikin litattafinsa. Shahararren malamin addinin Musulunci ne kuma masanin shari'a, wanda ya kai har matsayin Alkalin Alkalai (Grand kadi) na arewacin Najeriya. Ya fara samun ilimi ne a wajen mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi. Sunan mahaifinsa Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, wanda ake kiransa da Na-Gumi, saboda zaman da ya yi a garin Gumi bayan zama a wurare daban-daban na ƙasar Hausa, kamar Katsina, Borno da Dutse. Mahaifin Abubakar Gumi ya kasance babban malamin addinin Musulunci da shari'a, kuma ɗaya daga cikin malamai da aka fi girmamawa a yankin Sokoto da Zamfara da kuma Kebbi a zamaninsa. Kakan mahaifin Abubakar Gumi shi ne Sheikh Aliyu Barou el-Badawi, wanda ya fito daga ƙabilar Larabawa ta Bedouin, waɗanda aka sani da kiwo a yankin Larabawa da arewacin nahiyar Afirka. Babu cikakken bayani kan yadda ya isa yankin Sokoto, amma dai ana ganin zuwan sa ba ya rasa nasaba da ziyarar da Larabawa suka riƙa yi zuwa ƙasar Hausa bayan ƙarni na 15, lokacin da Musulunci ya samu karɓuwa a ƙasar Hausa. Sunan mahaifiyar Abubakar Gumi Hafsatu, ɗiyar Malam Adamu, wadda mahaifinsa ya aura lokacin da yake koyarwa a Jega.<ref>bbc</ref> == Karatu == Abubakar Gumi ya fara karatunsa ne a hannun mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, inda ya haddace al-Ƙur'ani sannan kuma ya yi karatun litattafai da dama. Bayan nan a shekara ta 1933 ya shiga makarantar boko ta Dogon Daji Elementary School, inda daga baya aka mayar da shi makarantar Middle da ke Sokoto a shekara ta 1936. Daga nan ne ya tafi makarantar ilimin shari'a ta Kano. Sannan a shekara ta 1952 ya zurfafa karatu a makarantar koyar da Larabci ta Kano. Daga nan ne kuma ya yi karatun babbar difloma a cibiyar ilimi ta Bakht al-Rida da ke Sudan daga shekarar 1955 zuwa 1956. A shekarar 1987, Gumi ya lashe kyautar Sarki Faisal kan hidima ga addinin Muslunci. Daga cikin abubuwan da suka sa ya cancanci lambar girmamawar su ne wa'azi da kuma koyar da addinin Musulunci, taimakawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam da fassara alƙur'ani zuwa harshen Hausa da kuma rubuta litattafai na addinin Musulunci.<ref>bbc</ref> == Ayyukan ilimi == Abubakar Gumi ya yi gagarumar hidima ta hanyar rubuce-rubuce da kuma fassarar litattafai na addini.<ref>Bbc</ref> Litattafan da ya rubuta waɗanda suka fi yin fice sun haɗa da:<ref>Bbc</ref> * Tafsirin Al-ƙur'ani na '''Rad al-Azhan ila Ma'ani al-Qur`an''' * Al-Aqidah al-Sahiha bi Muwafaqat al-Shari'a * Kitab al-Nasihaila Amir MantiqatKatsina * Manufata / Where I Stand * Hal al-Niza` fi Mas´alatNuzul Isa alaih al-Salatwa al-Salam * Musulunchi da Abinda ke Rushe Shi * Zad al-Haj * Kitab Maratib al-Islam * Kitab Manasik al-hajwa al-Umra '''Fassara:''' * Fassarar ma'anonin al-Ƙur'ani mai girma * Fassarar Hadisai Arba'in (al-Nawawi) * Fassarar littafin Nur al-Bab * Fassarar littafin Hidayat al-Tullab fiAhamMasail al-Din == Rasuwa == Sheikh Abubakar Mahmoud Gumi ya rasu ne a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1992, a birnin Landan na ƙasar Birtaniya. A lokacin da ya rasu, al'umma sun girgiza kasancerwar sa mutumin da ya samu karɓuwa a tsakanin shugabanni da masu sarauta da kuma sauran al'umma. Gumi ya kasance malami, alƙali kuma tsani tsakanin shugabanni da talakawa. Baya ga batun addini, Sheikh Gumi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ɓangaren mulki da kuma ayyukan gwamnati. Ya kasance mai kusanci sosai ga masu mulki, sannan ya riƙa ƙarfafa wa al'ummar arewacin Najeriya, musamman Musulmai gwiwa wajen shiga ayyukan gwamnati da karatun zamani. Tsarin koyarwarsa ya sha bamban, inda ake yaba masa wajen haƙuri tare da ƙoƙarin ganin al'umma sun fahimci abin da yake koyarwa.<ref>bbc</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gumi, Abubakar Mahmud}} r1e2obni1nu1dgjdfshvkce29n1ze19 829852 829849 2026-05-05T04:57:32Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829852 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Sultan Bello Mosque 05.jpg|thumb|Masallacin [[Masallacin Sarkin Musulmi Bello|Sultan Bello]] dake Kaduna inda Malam Abubakar Gummi ya yi limanci tare da gabatar da wa'azinsa.]] [[File:Abubakar Mahmoud Gummi.jpg|thumb|Malam Abubakar Gummi]] '''Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi''' (an haife shi a shekara 1962 –zuwa shekarar 1992)<ref name="HunwickO'Fahey1994">{{cite book|author1=John O. Hunwick|author2=Rex Séan O'Fahey|title=Arabic Literature of Africa: The writings of central Sudanic Africa Vol.2. Volume 13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nKXOThUEpcC&pg=PA551dq=Abubakar+Gummi+1922|year=1994|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-10494-1|page=551}}</ref> malamin Addinin Musulunci ne ɗan Najeriya kuma alƙalin alƙalai na yankin [[Arewacin Najeriya]], matsayin da ya sanya shi ya zama cibiyar tafsirin tsarin shari’a a yankin. Ya kasance na kusa da [[Ahmadu Bello]], Firimiyan Arewa a shekarun alif 1950 zuwa 1960 kuma ya zama Grand Khadi a shekara ta 1967, Kafin a soke wannan mukamin daga baya. Gummi ya fito a matsayin shugaba mai faɗa a ji a lokacin mulkin mallaka, inda yake ganin tsarin mulkin kai tsaye ya raunana ƙarfin addini na sarakuna da kuma ƙarfafa Turawan Yamma. Tun daga shekarun alif 1960 ne ake samun rigingimu tsakanin jama’a tsakaninsa da shugabannin ‘yan’uwantakar Sufaye, waɗanda daga baya ya yi muhawara a shirye-shiryen talabijin a shekarun alif 1970 zuwa shekara ta alif 1980. A wannan lokacin ya ci gaba da maida hankalinsa wajen gudanar da tarukan juma'a a cikin babban masallacin Kaduna ([[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]). Ya yi amfani da zaman wajen Farfaɗo da sukar da ya ke yi wa hukumomi bisa ga ra'ayinsa na koma baya ga tsarin tushen ko kuma buƙatar rungumar aikin tsafta na Musulunci. Ya kuma yi suka da kakkausar murya kan shigar sufanci. Yana da ’ya’ya da yawa, daga ciki akwai [[Ahmad Gummi|Dr. Ahmad Abubakar Gummi]] wanda ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin malamin babban masallacin Kaduna (Sultan Bello), Dakta Ahmad Gummi ƙwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] Zariya. kuma tsohon hafsan soji ne, ya bar aikin soja, ya yi tattaki zuwa jami'ar umm al-Qura da ke [[Makkah]], ƙasar [[Saudiyya]] inda ya yi karatun digirin digirgir (PhD). Gummi mabiyin mazhabar [[malikiyya]] ne, wannan ya samo asali ne ta hanyar rubuce-rubucen sa da suka haɗa da tafsirin alƙur'ani (Raddul azhaan ila ma'anil Ƙur'an). da sauran littafai kamar (hullu nizam ala nuzuul isa) da (Al-Aqidatus As-Saheehah bi muwafaqati ash- Shari'ah) da sauransu == Karatu == Ya yi karatu da rubuce-rubuce a kan addinin [[musulunci]] sosai, ya fassara [[Qur'an|Qur'ani]] zuwa [[Hausa|harshen Hausa]], kuma shi ne mutum na farko da ya rubuta tarjama wato fassarar ɗai-ɗaikun ayoyin dake Alkur'ani.<ref>John N. Paden, Muslim Civic Cultures and Conflict Resolution: the challenge of democratic federalism in Nigeria, Brookings Institution Press, 2005. p 60. ISBN 0-8157-6817-6</ref> Hakan ne ya sa ya samu nasarar samun kyautar Sarki Faisal(King Faisal Award), daga ƙasar saudiya. Malamin dai ya kasance babban aboki kuma mai ba wa Firimiya [[Ahmadu Bello]] Sardaunan Sakkwato shawara. Shi ne mahaifin Dakta Shaikh [[Ahmad Gumi]]. == Shahara == Gummi ya shahara tun lokacin mulkin mallakar Turawa a matsayin mai faɗa a ji, yana sukar salon Mulkin [[Turawa]], cewa ya karya lagon sarakunan Musulmi kuma hakan yana Ƙara karfafa al'adun Turai a ƙasashen musulunci. A farkon shekara ta 1960 an samu barkewar rikici tsakanin sa da malaman sufaye wanda daga baya rikicin ya koma muhawara a gidajen rediyo da talabijin a shekarun 1970 zuwa shekara ta 1980.<ref>The Independent: "Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi" by Karl Maier 16 September 1992</ref> Ya riƙa amfani da ranakun Juma'a a matsayin lokutan yada akidunsa a babban masallacin Juma'a na [[Kaduna]] mai suna [[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]. == Dangi == Abubakar Gumi ba a san takamaiman yawan yayansa ba, amma mafi shahara a cikinsu shi ne Dr. [[Ahmad Gumi]] Wanda shi ne ya gaji Mahaifinsa a matsayin mai gabatar da wa'azi a masallacin na Sultan Bello dake Kaduna. Dr Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke [[Zariya]]. Kuma tsohon jami'in sojin Nijeriya ne, ya bar aikin soja inda ya tafi zuwa ƙasar Saudiyya domin karanta ilimin fikihu, a jami'ar [[Ummul Quraa]] da ke birnin [[Makkah|Makka]] inda ya samu shaidar digirin digir-gir.<ref>John Owen Hunwick. Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan, Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. ISBN 0-8101-1037-7</ref> [[File:Nigerian Public Domain 105.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Abubakar Gumi a shekarar 1970.]] == Tarihi == === Rayuwar farko da ilimi === An haifi Gumi a kauyen Gummi (yanzu karamar hukuma ce a jihar Zamfara ) a ranar Juma'ar karshe na watan Ramadan shekara ta 1344, ga iyalan Mahmud, malamin addinin Musulunci kuma Alkali (alkali) na Gummi. Iliminsa ya fara ne a bangon danginsa lokacin yana dalibin koyarwar addinin musulunci na mahaifinsa. Daga nan ya wuce makarantar da ke karkashin kulawar wani Malami mai suna Musa da ke Ambursa a lardin Sakkwato . A nan aka gabatar da shi ilimin Fiqhu da karanta littafai da waqoqin yabo ga Annabi. Makarantar boko ta farko da ya yi ita ce makarantar firamare ta Dogondaji, yayin da a makarantar firamare ya hadu da Sarkin Musulmi na 18 a nan gaba, Ibrahim Dasuki, kuma ya yi fice a harkokin addini. An nada shi Hakimin Salla (shugaban sallah) kuma an dora masa alhakin ciyar da dalibai ayyukan addini. A cikin shekara guda aka mayar da shi Makarantar Midil ta Sakkwato, inda Ahmadu Bello yake koyarwa. A nan ne ya saba da Shehu Shagari, da Waziri Muhammadu Junaidu, da Yahaya Gusau; na baya-bayan nan shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam, wata fitacciyar kungiyar Musulmi ta Najeriya . Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na secondary ya tafi [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] inda ya karanta fannin shari'a sannan ya samu horon Qadi . Ya fara aiki a matsayin magatakarda ga Qadi Attahiru amma ba da jimawa ba ya rasa nasaba da takamaiman aikinsa. Ya ba da darussa na sirri kan Musulunci da [[tafsiri]] a matsayin kubuta daga bacin ransa. Ya rasa mahaifinsa a shekara ta 1937 a lokacin da yake makarantar sakandare. Ya yi aure bayan shekara 3 da Maryama a shekarar 1941 yana dan shekara 19. <ref name="IndependentObit">{{Cite web |date=1992-09-15 |title=Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sheikh-abubakar-mahmud-gumi-1551628.html |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> === Farkon aiki === A shekarar 1947 Abubakar Gumi ya bar aikin sakatare na Qadi Attahiru ya tafi koyarwa a makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta Kano, wadda ya taba halarta a baya. A lokacin da yake Kano, ya hadu da Sheik Sa'id Hayatu, dan shugaban Mahdiyya na karni na 19, Hayatu ibn Sa'id, kuma wani mutum da ake ganin yana daya daga cikin fitattun wadanda mulkin mallaka ya rutsa da su. Shi ne shugaban kungiyar Mahdiyya, kuma ya dawo daga zaman tilas a kasar Kamaru . Abubakar ya shaku da koyarwar harkar Mahdiyya, a takaice ya zama mabiyi; Daga baya ya auri diyar Hayatu, Maryam. Duk da haka, ta rasu bayan ta haifi ɗa namiji. Dan Abubakar Gumi na farko ba Ahmad Abubakar ba ne, Dr Hamza Abubakar likita ne da ke aiki a yanzu haka a birnin Riyadh na kasar Saudiyya, sai kuma Manjo Janar Abdulkadir Abubakar (rtd) da kuma yaya mata biyu – daya ya auri marigayi Mai shari’a Muhammadu Bello, tsohon alkalin alkalai na tarayya, dayan kuma ta auri Sheik Sunusi Gumbi, sanannen malamin addinin musulunci kuma dalibin Abubakar Gumi. A 1949 Gumi ya sami aikin koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru, Sakkwato. Makarantar tana da wani shahararren malami mai suna [[Aminu Kano]], wanda shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar malamai ta Arewa kuma mai kula da wasu ‘yan [[Makarantar Islamiyya|makarantun musulmi]] . Aminu da Gumi sun yi cudanya tare da raba ra’ayoyi kan tasirin al’ummar gargajiya da addinin Musulunci, da kuma halin ko in kula ko goyon bayan da ‘yan’uwan Sufaye suke ba wa halin da ake ciki na [[Bida|Bidi’a]] . Ya bar Maru ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar koyon Larabci da ke Kano. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya zama malami na tsawon shekaru biyu a makarantar. Ya kuma halarci makarantar ilimi a Sudan. <ref name="Hunwick">John Owen Hunwick. ''Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan'', Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. {{ISBN|0-8101-1037-7}}</ref> A 1957 ya zama mai fassara ga gwamnatin Arewacin Najeriya kan al'amuran [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] . == Rikici == Abubakar Gumi yana da ra'ayi game da tsarin mulki da na addini na jami'an masarautu a Arewacin Najeriya. Rikicin akidarsa na farko da hukumomi shine a Maru. Rikici ya shafi aikin Tayamum . Babban Limamin Masallacin Maru ya kasance yana yin wanka da yashi (Tayammum) gabanin Sallah yayin da Gumi ya yi nuni da cewa Tayammu ana amfani da ita ne kawai idan ba a samu ruwa ba, kuma ana samun ruwa sosai a Maru . Gumi ya ci gaba da kalubalantar wannan al’ada, inda ya nemi dalibai da kada su fito don yin Sallah har sai Imam ya fasa yin Taimiyya. Sai dai Gumi wanda a baya ya rubuta kakkausar murya kan Sarkin Musulmi, yanzu ya samu Sarkin Musulmi yana sha’awar kokensa da babban limamin Maru. An kafa kwamitin bincike kan lamarin tare da goyon bayan Sarkin Musulmi. Sai dai da yake Gumi ya fi sanin aqidar Musulunci, haka nan kuma basirarsa ta gardama, sai hukumar ta yanke hukunci a kan Gumi. [1] Bayan samun nasara kadan a kan Sarkin Musulmi, Gumi ya yi amfani da hankalin da ya samu ta hanyar rubuta wata kasida mai mahimmanci a kan batun Musulmi, musamman Sarkin Musulmi, ya karbi mukaman Ingila . A lokacin, sannu a hankali ya fara ƙalubalantar imani da halaye na ayyuka a tsakanin al'ummar musulmi. [ abubuwan da ake bukata ] Wani harin da Gumi ya kai shi ne kungiyar [[Ahmadiyya]] karkashin jagorancin [[Jibril Martin]] . Yunkurin ya kasance manufa mai sauƙi ga Gumi, saboda wasu ra'ayoyin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar sun yi hannun riga da ainihin akidar Musulunci, kamar yadda wanda ya kafa ya sanya kansa a matsayin annabci . Daga baya Gumi ya fara fargabar wannan harkar ne sakamakon kwarewar tsarin kungiya na wanda ya assasa Najeriya, a hankali kungiyar ta shiga cikin hukumar alhazai ta yammacin Najeriya, sannan ta kafa makarantun almajirai a Kudu sannan kuma ya tashi zuwa arewa wajen yada manufofin Ahmadiyya. Gumi ya dauki wannan kalubale cikin sauki sannan aka dakile manufar kungiyar ta arewa. == Bayyanarshi a Kafafen yaɗa labarai == Sheik Gumi ya yi hajjin sa na farko zuwa Makka a shekarar 1955 kuma Ahmadu Bello ne ya hada shi da shi. Yayin da yake Makka ya yi tafsirin ayyukan addinin Musulunci tare da Bello da Sarki Sa'ud. Ya kuma sadu da dimbin al'ummar al'ummar musulmi ko kuma al'ummar musulmi a kasar Saudiyya, wadanda da yawa daga baya suka zama masu kyautata masa bayan rasuwar Ahmadu Bello a shekarar 1966. Da ya dawo Najeriya ya fara koyarwa a Makarantar Koyon Larabci da ke Kano da kuma wasu Makarantun Musulmi da kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam (JNI) ta kafa wacce ke kusa da birnin Kaduna. Babban bangare na koyarwarsa ya mayar da hankali kan bambance-bambancen al'ada da addini, da yadda za a fahimta da kuma rungumar asalin Musulunci. Ya kuma rubuta tafsirin kur'ani wanda akasari a kan sunna, ya kuma fassara kur'ani daga Larabci zuwa Hausa . Wannan tsari ya kai ga yada Littafi Mai Tsarki ga dimbin jama’ar Arewacin Najeriya, kuma ra’ayoyinsa da sakonsa kan muhimman koyarwar Musulunci sun fara samun dimbin masu sauraro. [1] Sai dai adawar da ya yi da manyan 'yan uwantakar Sufaye kamar Tijjaniyya da Qadiriyya ta jawo masa suka a kai a kai, kuma wasu daga cikin musulmi suka rika kai masa hari kan tafsirinsa; ya kan amsa da cewa su ci gaba da yin tafsirin nasu, idan ba sa son nasa. [1] A shekarun 1970 ya zama mai yawan fitowa a shirye-shiryen talabijin, musamman a lokutan bukukuwan Musulunci. "Lokacin da muka je wurin jifan shaiɗan (Jamra) sa'ilin aikin Hajji, sai mutanenmu suka riƙa yin wasu abubuwa marasa ma'ana. "Wasu suka riƙa nemo manyan duwatsu, wasu kuma suka riƙa cire takalmansu suna jifan jamrah, suna zage-zage da furta munanan kalamai, da sunan jifan shaiɗan." Wannan na daga cikin abubuwan da suka sanya Sheikh Abubakar Gumi ya yi yunƙuri a hukumance na sake faɗakar da mabiya addinin Musulunci a Najeriya yadda ake yin addini, bayan sanar da Firimiyan arewa na farko Ahmadu Bello, kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗaliban marigayin, Sheikh Yusuf Sambo Rigachikun ya tabbatar wa BBC. Wannan yunƙuri ya haifar da kafa wasu ƙungiyoyi guda biyu waɗanda suka jagoranci tafiyar da lamurran addinin Musulunci a Najeriya - Jama'atu Nasril Islam, sai kuma daga baya Jama'atu Izalatil Bidi'a wa Iqamatussunnah - lamarin da ya yi tasiri kan miliyoyin mabiya addinin a Najeriya. Shekara 33 bayan rasuwarsa, miliyoyin Musulmai a Najeriya na ci gaba da bin koyarwarsa, sannan ƙungiyoyin da ya jagoranci kafawa ne a gaba-gaba wajen yaɗawa da kuma tafiyar da al'amuran Musulunci a ƙasar. Baya ga Shehu Usman Danfodiyo, wanda ya yi jihadin sake ɗabbaƙa addinin Musulunci a ƙasar Hausa a farkon shekarun 1800, ana ganin cewa babu wani malami da koyarsa ta Musulunci ta yi tasiri a Najeriya kamar Abubakar Gumi. Wasu masana addini ma na ganin tasirin da Gumi ya yi "ta fi" ta Usman Danfodio, kasancewar a lokacinsa akwai hanyoyin sadarwa irin su talabijin da rediyo da hanyar wallafa litattafai da jaridu, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen yaɗa ayyukansa a ƙasar Hausa da maƙwafta. <ref>Bbc</ref> == Kawo sauyi == Tun kafin yunƙurin samar da ƙungiyoyin sake ilimantar da Musulman Najeriya kan ibada, Abubakar Gumi ya kasance mutum mai neman kawo sauyi, lamarin da ya sa ya yi ƙaurin suna tsakanin malamai da sarakuna har ma da turawan mulkin mallaka. A cikin littafinsa na Manufata, Gumi ya tuno yadda ya ƙalubalanci malaman addinin Musulunci waɗanda suke yin addini "yadda suka ga dama". Gumi ya ce "Sufanci ya zamo jiki a tsakanin al'umma ta yadda babu wanda ya damu ya binciki ko ya yi daidai da koyawar al-Ƙur'ani da hadisan annabi Muhammad". Irin wannan yunƙuri nasa ya fara jan hankali ne a lokacin da yake koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru a shekarar 1949. A lokacin ya fahimci yadda malaman addini da kuma sauran al'umma ke cakuɗa ibada da al'adu ko wasu abubuwa na daban. Limamin Juma'a na Maru a wancan lokaci ya kasance yana yin taimama domin yin sallah a maimakon alwala da ruwa, duk kuwa da wadatuwar ruwan da kuma rashin wata hujja ta yin taimamar. Bayan yunƙurin da ya yi na faɗakar da limamin game da 'haramcin' hakan, amma abin ya ci tura, Gumi ya hana ɗalibansa halartar sallar Juma'a a babban masallacin Maru, inda ya riƙa jan su sallah a cikin makaranta. A matsayin martani, sarkin Maru ya rubuta takardar ƙorafi kan Abubakar Gumi zuwa ga fadar sarkin Musulmi da kuma hukumomi turawan mulkin mallaka. Sai dai a ƙarshe Abubakar Gumi ne ya yi nasara ta hanyar gabatar da hujjoji masu ƙarfi da suka tabbatar da koyarwarsa. A game da turawan mulkin mallaka, Gumi ya ce "Idan na tuna ɓarnar da mulkin mallakar Birtaniya ya yi a ƙasarmu, nakan riƙa mamakin yadda mutanenmu suka kwashe tsawon shekaru ba tare da sun fahimci hakan ba. "Hatta a tsakanin masu iliminmu, ƙalilan ne suke tsayawa su fahimci yadda mulkin mallaka ya illa ga tunaninmu".<ref>bbc</ref> == Littafin da ya yamutsa hazo == Littafin da Abubakar Gumi ya rubuta a shekara ta 1972 mai taken 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha bi-Muwafaqat al-Shar'i' ya haifar da zazzafar muhawara tsakanin Musulman arewacin Najeriya sanadiyyar kakkausar sukar da littafin ya yi kan wasu ayyuka na masu bin akidar sufanci. A wannan lokaci kusan ɗaukacin Musulman Najeriya na bin tsari ne na ɗariƙa, wadda ta samo asali daga koyarwa irin ta sufanci. Da farko Abubakar Gumi ya ce ya rubuta littafin ne domin amfanin masu ilimi, kasancewar koyarwar littafin zai yi tsaurin fahimta ga mabiya, waɗanda iliminsu bai yi nisa ba. Sai dai a lokacin da ya tafi Saudiyya, sai Mallam Isma'ila Idris ya ɗauki littafin ya yi wa'azi da shi a birnin Kaduna, wani abu da ya haifar da ruɗani, abin da ya kai ga dole sai da ya ajiye aikinsa na gwamnati a matsayin malami. Bayan ajiye aiki, Mallam Idris ya shiga aikin soja, inda ya yi aiki a garuruwa da dama na Najeriya, kafin mayar da shi garin Jos, kuma duk inda ya je ya riƙa koyar da karatu ta hanyar amfani da littafin Sheikh Gumi na 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha'. Wannan ne ya haifar da ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar Izalatil Bidi'a wa iƙamatussunnah a birnin Jos. Da'awar Gumi na kira ga Musulmi su yi aiki da karantarwar al-Ƙur'ani da kuma Hadisan Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) kawai, wani abu da ake ganin ya kawo gagarumin sauyi a yadda ake tafiyar da ibada a Najeriya da wasu ƙasashen da ke maƙwaftaka a lokacin.<ref>bbc</ref> == Wane ne Abubakar Gumi? == An haifi Abubakar Mahmud Gumi ne ranar Juma'a 7 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1924, wadda ita ce Juma'a ta ƙarshe ta watan Ramadan na shekara ta 1344 bayan hijira, kamar yadda malamin ya bayyana a cikin litattafinsa. Shahararren malamin addinin Musulunci ne kuma masanin shari'a, wanda ya kai har matsayin Alkalin Alkalai (Grand kadi) na arewacin Najeriya. Ya fara samun ilimi ne a wajen mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi. Sunan mahaifinsa Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, wanda ake kiransa da Na-Gumi, saboda zaman da ya yi a garin Gumi bayan zama a wurare daban-daban na ƙasar Hausa, kamar Katsina, Borno da Dutse. Mahaifin Abubakar Gumi ya kasance babban malamin addinin Musulunci da shari'a, kuma ɗaya daga cikin malamai da aka fi girmamawa a yankin Sokoto da Zamfara da kuma Kebbi a zamaninsa. Kakan mahaifin Abubakar Gumi shi ne Sheikh Aliyu Barou el-Badawi, wanda ya fito daga ƙabilar Larabawa ta Bedouin, waɗanda aka sani da kiwo a yankin Larabawa da arewacin nahiyar Afirka. Babu cikakken bayani kan yadda ya isa yankin Sokoto, amma dai ana ganin zuwan sa ba ya rasa nasaba da ziyarar da Larabawa suka riƙa yi zuwa ƙasar Hausa bayan ƙarni na 15, lokacin da Musulunci ya samu karɓuwa a ƙasar Hausa. Sunan mahaifiyar Abubakar Gumi Hafsatu, ɗiyar Malam Adamu, wadda mahaifinsa ya aura lokacin da yake koyarwa a Jega.<ref>bbc</ref> == Karatu == Abubakar Gumi ya fara karatunsa ne a hannun mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, inda ya haddace al-Ƙur'ani sannan kuma ya yi karatun litattafai da dama. Bayan nan a shekara ta 1933 ya shiga makarantar boko ta Dogon Daji Elementary School, inda daga baya aka mayar da shi makarantar Middle da ke Sokoto a shekara ta 1936. Daga nan ne ya tafi makarantar ilimin shari'a ta Kano. Sannan a shekara ta 1952 ya zurfafa karatu a makarantar koyar da Larabci ta Kano. Daga nan ne kuma ya yi karatun babbar difloma a cibiyar ilimi ta Bakht al-Rida da ke Sudan daga shekarar 1955 zuwa 1956. A shekarar 1987, Gumi ya lashe kyautar Sarki Faisal kan hidima ga addinin Muslunci. Daga cikin abubuwan da suka sa ya cancanci lambar girmamawar su ne wa'azi da kuma koyar da addinin Musulunci, taimakawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam da fassara alƙur'ani zuwa harshen Hausa da kuma rubuta litattafai na addinin Musulunci.<ref>bbc</ref> == Ayyukan ilimi == Abubakar Gumi ya yi gagarumar hidima ta hanyar rubuce-rubuce da kuma fassarar litattafai na addini.<ref>Bbc</ref> Litattafan da ya rubuta waɗanda suka fi yin fice sun haɗa da:<ref>Bbc</ref> * Tafsirin Al-ƙur'ani na '''Rad al-Azhan ila Ma'ani al-Qur`an''' * Al-Aqidah al-Sahiha bi Muwafaqat al-Shari'a * Kitab al-Nasihaila Amir MantiqatKatsina * Manufata / Where I Stand * Hal al-Niza` fi Mas´alatNuzul Isa alaih al-Salatwa al-Salam * Musulunchi da Abinda ke Rushe Shi * Zad al-Haj * Kitab Maratib al-Islam * Kitab Manasik al-hajwa al-Umra '''Fassara:''' * Fassarar ma'anonin al-Ƙur'ani mai girma * Fassarar Hadisai Arba'in (al-Nawawi) * Fassarar littafin Nur al-Bab * Fassarar littafin Hidayat al-Tullab fiAhamMasail al-Din == Rasuwa == Sheikh Abubakar Mahmoud Gumi ya rasu ne a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1992, a birnin Landan na ƙasar Birtaniya. A lokacin da ya rasu, al'umma sun girgiza kasancerwar sa mutumin da ya samu karɓuwa a tsakanin shugabanni da masu sarauta da kuma sauran al'umma. Gumi ya kasance malami, alƙali kuma tsani tsakanin shugabanni da talakawa. Baya ga batun addini, Sheikh Gumi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ɓangaren mulki da kuma ayyukan gwamnati. Ya kasance mai kusanci sosai ga masu mulki, sannan ya riƙa ƙarfafa wa al'ummar arewacin Najeriya, musamman Musulmai gwiwa wajen shiga ayyukan gwamnati da karatun zamani. Tsarin koyarwarsa ya sha bamban, inda ake yaba masa wajen haƙuri tare da ƙoƙarin ganin al'umma sun fahimci abin da yake koyarwa.<ref>bbc</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gumi, Abubakar Mahmud}} 9xj1xm40cl6ltf22q0jg19kz2jaktcv 829855 829852 2026-05-05T04:58:09Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829855 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Sultan Bello Mosque 05.jpg|thumb|Masallacin [[Masallacin Sarkin Musulmi Bello|Sultan Bello]] dake Kaduna inda Malam Abubakar Gummi ya yi limanci tare da gabatar da wa'azinsa.]] [[File:Abubakar Mahmoud Gummi.jpg|thumb|Malam Abubakar Gummi]] '''Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi''' (an haife shi a shekara 1962 –zuwa shekarar 1992)<ref name="HunwickO'Fahey1994">{{cite book|author1=John O. Hunwick|author2=Rex Séan O'Fahey|title=Arabic Literature of Africa: The writings of central Sudanic Africa Vol.2. Volume 13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nKXOThUEpcC&pg=PA551dq=Abubakar+Gummi+1922|year=1994|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-10494-1|page=551}}</ref> malamin Addinin Musulunci ne ɗan Najeriya kuma alƙalin alƙalai na yankin [[Arewacin Najeriya]], matsayin da ya sanya shi ya zama cibiyar tafsirin tsarin shari’a a yankin. Ya kasance na kusa da [[Ahmadu Bello]], Firimiyan Arewa a shekarun alif 1950 zuwa 1960 kuma ya zama Grand Khadi a shekara ta 1967, Kafin a soke wannan mukamin daga baya. Gummi ya fito a matsayin shugaba mai faɗa a ji a lokacin mulkin mallaka, inda yake ganin tsarin mulkin kai tsaye ya raunana ƙarfin addini na sarakuna da kuma ƙarfafa Turawan Yamma. Tun daga shekarun alif 1960 ne ake samun rigingimu tsakanin jama’a tsakaninsa da shugabannin ‘yan’uwantakar Sufaye, waɗanda daga baya ya yi muhawara a shirye-shiryen talabijin a shekarun alif 1970 zuwa shekara ta alif 1980. A wannan lokacin ya ci gaba da maida hankalinsa wajen gudanar da tarukan juma'a a cikin babban masallacin Kaduna ([[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]). Ya yi amfani da zaman wajen Farfaɗo da sukar da ya ke yi wa hukumomi bisa ga ra'ayinsa na koma baya ga tsarin tushen ko kuma buƙatar rungumar aikin tsafta na Musulunci. Ya kuma yi suka da kakkausar murya kan shigar sufanci. Yana da ’ya’ya da yawa, daga ciki akwai [[Ahmad Gummi|Dr. Ahmad Abubakar Gummi]] wanda ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin malamin babban masallacin Kaduna (Sultan Bello), Dakta Ahmad Gummi ƙwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] Zariya. kuma tsohon hafsan soji ne, ya bar aikin soja, ya yi tattaki zuwa jami'ar umm al-Qura da ke [[Makkah]], ƙasar [[Saudiyya]] inda ya yi karatun digirin digirgir (PhD). Gummi mabiyin mazhabar [[malikiyya]] ne, wannan ya samo asali ne ta hanyar rubuce-rubucen sa da suka haɗa da tafsirin alƙur'ani (Raddul azhaan ila ma'anil Ƙur'an). da sauran littafai kamar (hullu nizam ala nuzuul isa) da (Al-Aqidatus As-Saheehah bi muwafaqati ash- Shari'ah) da sauransu == Karatu == Ya yi karatu da rubuce-rubuce a kan addinin [[musulunci]] sosai, ya fassara [[Qur'an|Qur'ani]] zuwa [[Hausa|harshen Hausa]], kuma shi ne mutum na farko da ya rubuta tarjama wato fassarar ɗai-ɗaikun ayoyin dake Alkur'ani.<ref>John N. Paden, Muslim Civic Cultures and Conflict Resolution: the challenge of democratic federalism in Nigeria, Brookings Institution Press, 2005. p 60. ISBN 0-8157-6817-6</ref> Hakan ne ya sa ya samu nasarar samun kyautar Sarki Faisal(King Faisal Award), daga ƙasar saudiya. Malamin dai ya kasance babban aboki kuma mai ba wa Firimiya [[Ahmadu Bello]] Sardaunan Sakkwato shawara. Shi ne mahaifin Dakta Shaikh [[Ahmad Gumi]]. == Shahara == Gummi ya shahara tun lokacin mulkin mallakar Turawa a matsayin mai faɗa a ji, yana sukar salon Mulkin [[Turawa]], cewa ya karya lagon sarakunan Musulmi kuma hakan yana Ƙara karfafa al'adun Turai a ƙasashen musulunci. A farkon shekara ta 1960 an samu ɓarkewar rikici tsakanin sa da malaman sufaye wanda daga baya rikicin ya koma muhawara a gidajen rediyo da talabijin a shekarun 1970 zuwa shekara ta 1980.<ref>The Independent: "Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi" by Karl Maier 16 September 1992</ref> Ya riƙa amfani da ranakun Juma'a a matsayin lokutan yada akidunsa a babban masallacin Juma'a na [[Kaduna]] mai suna [[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]. == Dangi == Abubakar Gumi ba a san takamaiman yawan yayansa ba, amma mafi shahara a cikinsu shi ne Dr. [[Ahmad Gumi]] Wanda shi ne ya gaji Mahaifinsa a matsayin mai gabatar da wa'azi a masallacin na Sultan Bello dake Kaduna. Dr Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke [[Zariya]]. Kuma tsohon jami'in sojin Nijeriya ne, ya bar aikin soja inda ya tafi zuwa ƙasar Saudiyya domin karanta ilimin fikihu, a jami'ar [[Ummul Quraa]] da ke birnin [[Makkah|Makka]] inda ya samu shaidar digirin digir-gir.<ref>John Owen Hunwick. Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan, Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. ISBN 0-8101-1037-7</ref> [[File:Nigerian Public Domain 105.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Abubakar Gumi a shekarar 1970.]] == Tarihi == === Rayuwar farko da ilimi === An haifi Gumi a kauyen Gummi (yanzu karamar hukuma ce a jihar Zamfara ) a ranar Juma'ar karshe na watan Ramadan shekara ta 1344, ga iyalan Mahmud, malamin addinin Musulunci kuma Alkali (alkali) na Gummi. Iliminsa ya fara ne a bangon danginsa lokacin yana dalibin koyarwar addinin musulunci na mahaifinsa. Daga nan ya wuce makarantar da ke karkashin kulawar wani Malami mai suna Musa da ke Ambursa a lardin Sakkwato . A nan aka gabatar da shi ilimin Fiqhu da karanta littafai da waqoqin yabo ga Annabi. Makarantar boko ta farko da ya yi ita ce makarantar firamare ta Dogondaji, yayin da a makarantar firamare ya hadu da Sarkin Musulmi na 18 a nan gaba, Ibrahim Dasuki, kuma ya yi fice a harkokin addini. An nada shi Hakimin Salla (shugaban sallah) kuma an dora masa alhakin ciyar da dalibai ayyukan addini. A cikin shekara guda aka mayar da shi Makarantar Midil ta Sakkwato, inda Ahmadu Bello yake koyarwa. A nan ne ya saba da Shehu Shagari, da Waziri Muhammadu Junaidu, da Yahaya Gusau; na baya-bayan nan shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam, wata fitacciyar kungiyar Musulmi ta Najeriya . Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na secondary ya tafi [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] inda ya karanta fannin shari'a sannan ya samu horon Qadi . Ya fara aiki a matsayin magatakarda ga Qadi Attahiru amma ba da jimawa ba ya rasa nasaba da takamaiman aikinsa. Ya ba da darussa na sirri kan Musulunci da [[tafsiri]] a matsayin kubuta daga bacin ransa. Ya rasa mahaifinsa a shekara ta 1937 a lokacin da yake makarantar sakandare. Ya yi aure bayan shekara 3 da Maryama a shekarar 1941 yana dan shekara 19. <ref name="IndependentObit">{{Cite web |date=1992-09-15 |title=Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sheikh-abubakar-mahmud-gumi-1551628.html |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> === Farkon aiki === A shekarar 1947 Abubakar Gumi ya bar aikin sakatare na Qadi Attahiru ya tafi koyarwa a makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta Kano, wadda ya taba halarta a baya. A lokacin da yake Kano, ya hadu da Sheik Sa'id Hayatu, dan shugaban Mahdiyya na karni na 19, Hayatu ibn Sa'id, kuma wani mutum da ake ganin yana daya daga cikin fitattun wadanda mulkin mallaka ya rutsa da su. Shi ne shugaban kungiyar Mahdiyya, kuma ya dawo daga zaman tilas a kasar Kamaru . Abubakar ya shaku da koyarwar harkar Mahdiyya, a takaice ya zama mabiyi; Daga baya ya auri diyar Hayatu, Maryam. Duk da haka, ta rasu bayan ta haifi ɗa namiji. Dan Abubakar Gumi na farko ba Ahmad Abubakar ba ne, Dr Hamza Abubakar likita ne da ke aiki a yanzu haka a birnin Riyadh na kasar Saudiyya, sai kuma Manjo Janar Abdulkadir Abubakar (rtd) da kuma yaya mata biyu – daya ya auri marigayi Mai shari’a Muhammadu Bello, tsohon alkalin alkalai na tarayya, dayan kuma ta auri Sheik Sunusi Gumbi, sanannen malamin addinin musulunci kuma dalibin Abubakar Gumi. A 1949 Gumi ya sami aikin koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru, Sakkwato. Makarantar tana da wani shahararren malami mai suna [[Aminu Kano]], wanda shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar malamai ta Arewa kuma mai kula da wasu ‘yan [[Makarantar Islamiyya|makarantun musulmi]] . Aminu da Gumi sun yi cudanya tare da raba ra’ayoyi kan tasirin al’ummar gargajiya da addinin Musulunci, da kuma halin ko in kula ko goyon bayan da ‘yan’uwan Sufaye suke ba wa halin da ake ciki na [[Bida|Bidi’a]] . Ya bar Maru ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar koyon Larabci da ke Kano. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya zama malami na tsawon shekaru biyu a makarantar. Ya kuma halarci makarantar ilimi a Sudan. <ref name="Hunwick">John Owen Hunwick. ''Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan'', Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. {{ISBN|0-8101-1037-7}}</ref> A 1957 ya zama mai fassara ga gwamnatin Arewacin Najeriya kan al'amuran [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] . == Rikici == Abubakar Gumi yana da ra'ayi game da tsarin mulki da na addini na jami'an masarautu a Arewacin Najeriya. Rikicin akidarsa na farko da hukumomi shine a Maru. Rikici ya shafi aikin Tayamum . Babban Limamin Masallacin Maru ya kasance yana yin wanka da yashi (Tayammum) gabanin Sallah yayin da Gumi ya yi nuni da cewa Tayammu ana amfani da ita ne kawai idan ba a samu ruwa ba, kuma ana samun ruwa sosai a Maru . Gumi ya ci gaba da kalubalantar wannan al’ada, inda ya nemi dalibai da kada su fito don yin Sallah har sai Imam ya fasa yin Taimiyya. Sai dai Gumi wanda a baya ya rubuta kakkausar murya kan Sarkin Musulmi, yanzu ya samu Sarkin Musulmi yana sha’awar kokensa da babban limamin Maru. An kafa kwamitin bincike kan lamarin tare da goyon bayan Sarkin Musulmi. Sai dai da yake Gumi ya fi sanin aqidar Musulunci, haka nan kuma basirarsa ta gardama, sai hukumar ta yanke hukunci a kan Gumi. [1] Bayan samun nasara kadan a kan Sarkin Musulmi, Gumi ya yi amfani da hankalin da ya samu ta hanyar rubuta wata kasida mai mahimmanci a kan batun Musulmi, musamman Sarkin Musulmi, ya karbi mukaman Ingila . A lokacin, sannu a hankali ya fara ƙalubalantar imani da halaye na ayyuka a tsakanin al'ummar musulmi. [ abubuwan da ake bukata ] Wani harin da Gumi ya kai shi ne kungiyar [[Ahmadiyya]] karkashin jagorancin [[Jibril Martin]] . Yunkurin ya kasance manufa mai sauƙi ga Gumi, saboda wasu ra'ayoyin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar sun yi hannun riga da ainihin akidar Musulunci, kamar yadda wanda ya kafa ya sanya kansa a matsayin annabci . Daga baya Gumi ya fara fargabar wannan harkar ne sakamakon kwarewar tsarin kungiya na wanda ya assasa Najeriya, a hankali kungiyar ta shiga cikin hukumar alhazai ta yammacin Najeriya, sannan ta kafa makarantun almajirai a Kudu sannan kuma ya tashi zuwa arewa wajen yada manufofin Ahmadiyya. Gumi ya dauki wannan kalubale cikin sauki sannan aka dakile manufar kungiyar ta arewa. == Bayyanarshi a Kafafen yaɗa labarai == Sheik Gumi ya yi hajjin sa na farko zuwa Makka a shekarar 1955 kuma Ahmadu Bello ne ya hada shi da shi. Yayin da yake Makka ya yi tafsirin ayyukan addinin Musulunci tare da Bello da Sarki Sa'ud. Ya kuma sadu da dimbin al'ummar al'ummar musulmi ko kuma al'ummar musulmi a kasar Saudiyya, wadanda da yawa daga baya suka zama masu kyautata masa bayan rasuwar Ahmadu Bello a shekarar 1966. Da ya dawo Najeriya ya fara koyarwa a Makarantar Koyon Larabci da ke Kano da kuma wasu Makarantun Musulmi da kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam (JNI) ta kafa wacce ke kusa da birnin Kaduna. Babban bangare na koyarwarsa ya mayar da hankali kan bambance-bambancen al'ada da addini, da yadda za a fahimta da kuma rungumar asalin Musulunci. Ya kuma rubuta tafsirin kur'ani wanda akasari a kan sunna, ya kuma fassara kur'ani daga Larabci zuwa Hausa . Wannan tsari ya kai ga yada Littafi Mai Tsarki ga dimbin jama’ar Arewacin Najeriya, kuma ra’ayoyinsa da sakonsa kan muhimman koyarwar Musulunci sun fara samun dimbin masu sauraro. [1] Sai dai adawar da ya yi da manyan 'yan uwantakar Sufaye kamar Tijjaniyya da Qadiriyya ta jawo masa suka a kai a kai, kuma wasu daga cikin musulmi suka rika kai masa hari kan tafsirinsa; ya kan amsa da cewa su ci gaba da yin tafsirin nasu, idan ba sa son nasa. [1] A shekarun 1970 ya zama mai yawan fitowa a shirye-shiryen talabijin, musamman a lokutan bukukuwan Musulunci. "Lokacin da muka je wurin jifan shaiɗan (Jamra) sa'ilin aikin Hajji, sai mutanenmu suka riƙa yin wasu abubuwa marasa ma'ana. "Wasu suka riƙa nemo manyan duwatsu, wasu kuma suka riƙa cire takalmansu suna jifan jamrah, suna zage-zage da furta munanan kalamai, da sunan jifan shaiɗan." Wannan na daga cikin abubuwan da suka sanya Sheikh Abubakar Gumi ya yi yunƙuri a hukumance na sake faɗakar da mabiya addinin Musulunci a Najeriya yadda ake yin addini, bayan sanar da Firimiyan arewa na farko Ahmadu Bello, kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗaliban marigayin, Sheikh Yusuf Sambo Rigachikun ya tabbatar wa BBC. Wannan yunƙuri ya haifar da kafa wasu ƙungiyoyi guda biyu waɗanda suka jagoranci tafiyar da lamurran addinin Musulunci a Najeriya - Jama'atu Nasril Islam, sai kuma daga baya Jama'atu Izalatil Bidi'a wa Iqamatussunnah - lamarin da ya yi tasiri kan miliyoyin mabiya addinin a Najeriya. Shekara 33 bayan rasuwarsa, miliyoyin Musulmai a Najeriya na ci gaba da bin koyarwarsa, sannan ƙungiyoyin da ya jagoranci kafawa ne a gaba-gaba wajen yaɗawa da kuma tafiyar da al'amuran Musulunci a ƙasar. Baya ga Shehu Usman Danfodiyo, wanda ya yi jihadin sake ɗabbaƙa addinin Musulunci a ƙasar Hausa a farkon shekarun 1800, ana ganin cewa babu wani malami da koyarsa ta Musulunci ta yi tasiri a Najeriya kamar Abubakar Gumi. Wasu masana addini ma na ganin tasirin da Gumi ya yi "ta fi" ta Usman Danfodio, kasancewar a lokacinsa akwai hanyoyin sadarwa irin su talabijin da rediyo da hanyar wallafa litattafai da jaridu, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen yaɗa ayyukansa a ƙasar Hausa da maƙwafta. <ref>Bbc</ref> == Kawo sauyi == Tun kafin yunƙurin samar da ƙungiyoyin sake ilimantar da Musulman Najeriya kan ibada, Abubakar Gumi ya kasance mutum mai neman kawo sauyi, lamarin da ya sa ya yi ƙaurin suna tsakanin malamai da sarakuna har ma da turawan mulkin mallaka. A cikin littafinsa na Manufata, Gumi ya tuno yadda ya ƙalubalanci malaman addinin Musulunci waɗanda suke yin addini "yadda suka ga dama". Gumi ya ce "Sufanci ya zamo jiki a tsakanin al'umma ta yadda babu wanda ya damu ya binciki ko ya yi daidai da koyawar al-Ƙur'ani da hadisan annabi Muhammad". Irin wannan yunƙuri nasa ya fara jan hankali ne a lokacin da yake koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru a shekarar 1949. A lokacin ya fahimci yadda malaman addini da kuma sauran al'umma ke cakuɗa ibada da al'adu ko wasu abubuwa na daban. Limamin Juma'a na Maru a wancan lokaci ya kasance yana yin taimama domin yin sallah a maimakon alwala da ruwa, duk kuwa da wadatuwar ruwan da kuma rashin wata hujja ta yin taimamar. Bayan yunƙurin da ya yi na faɗakar da limamin game da 'haramcin' hakan, amma abin ya ci tura, Gumi ya hana ɗalibansa halartar sallar Juma'a a babban masallacin Maru, inda ya riƙa jan su sallah a cikin makaranta. A matsayin martani, sarkin Maru ya rubuta takardar ƙorafi kan Abubakar Gumi zuwa ga fadar sarkin Musulmi da kuma hukumomi turawan mulkin mallaka. Sai dai a ƙarshe Abubakar Gumi ne ya yi nasara ta hanyar gabatar da hujjoji masu ƙarfi da suka tabbatar da koyarwarsa. A game da turawan mulkin mallaka, Gumi ya ce "Idan na tuna ɓarnar da mulkin mallakar Birtaniya ya yi a ƙasarmu, nakan riƙa mamakin yadda mutanenmu suka kwashe tsawon shekaru ba tare da sun fahimci hakan ba. "Hatta a tsakanin masu iliminmu, ƙalilan ne suke tsayawa su fahimci yadda mulkin mallaka ya illa ga tunaninmu".<ref>bbc</ref> == Littafin da ya yamutsa hazo == Littafin da Abubakar Gumi ya rubuta a shekara ta 1972 mai taken 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha bi-Muwafaqat al-Shar'i' ya haifar da zazzafar muhawara tsakanin Musulman arewacin Najeriya sanadiyyar kakkausar sukar da littafin ya yi kan wasu ayyuka na masu bin akidar sufanci. A wannan lokaci kusan ɗaukacin Musulman Najeriya na bin tsari ne na ɗariƙa, wadda ta samo asali daga koyarwa irin ta sufanci. Da farko Abubakar Gumi ya ce ya rubuta littafin ne domin amfanin masu ilimi, kasancewar koyarwar littafin zai yi tsaurin fahimta ga mabiya, waɗanda iliminsu bai yi nisa ba. Sai dai a lokacin da ya tafi Saudiyya, sai Mallam Isma'ila Idris ya ɗauki littafin ya yi wa'azi da shi a birnin Kaduna, wani abu da ya haifar da ruɗani, abin da ya kai ga dole sai da ya ajiye aikinsa na gwamnati a matsayin malami. Bayan ajiye aiki, Mallam Idris ya shiga aikin soja, inda ya yi aiki a garuruwa da dama na Najeriya, kafin mayar da shi garin Jos, kuma duk inda ya je ya riƙa koyar da karatu ta hanyar amfani da littafin Sheikh Gumi na 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha'. Wannan ne ya haifar da ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar Izalatil Bidi'a wa iƙamatussunnah a birnin Jos. Da'awar Gumi na kira ga Musulmi su yi aiki da karantarwar al-Ƙur'ani da kuma Hadisan Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) kawai, wani abu da ake ganin ya kawo gagarumin sauyi a yadda ake tafiyar da ibada a Najeriya da wasu ƙasashen da ke maƙwaftaka a lokacin.<ref>bbc</ref> == Wane ne Abubakar Gumi? == An haifi Abubakar Mahmud Gumi ne ranar Juma'a 7 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1924, wadda ita ce Juma'a ta ƙarshe ta watan Ramadan na shekara ta 1344 bayan hijira, kamar yadda malamin ya bayyana a cikin litattafinsa. Shahararren malamin addinin Musulunci ne kuma masanin shari'a, wanda ya kai har matsayin Alkalin Alkalai (Grand kadi) na arewacin Najeriya. Ya fara samun ilimi ne a wajen mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi. Sunan mahaifinsa Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, wanda ake kiransa da Na-Gumi, saboda zaman da ya yi a garin Gumi bayan zama a wurare daban-daban na ƙasar Hausa, kamar Katsina, Borno da Dutse. Mahaifin Abubakar Gumi ya kasance babban malamin addinin Musulunci da shari'a, kuma ɗaya daga cikin malamai da aka fi girmamawa a yankin Sokoto da Zamfara da kuma Kebbi a zamaninsa. Kakan mahaifin Abubakar Gumi shi ne Sheikh Aliyu Barou el-Badawi, wanda ya fito daga ƙabilar Larabawa ta Bedouin, waɗanda aka sani da kiwo a yankin Larabawa da arewacin nahiyar Afirka. Babu cikakken bayani kan yadda ya isa yankin Sokoto, amma dai ana ganin zuwan sa ba ya rasa nasaba da ziyarar da Larabawa suka riƙa yi zuwa ƙasar Hausa bayan ƙarni na 15, lokacin da Musulunci ya samu karɓuwa a ƙasar Hausa. Sunan mahaifiyar Abubakar Gumi Hafsatu, ɗiyar Malam Adamu, wadda mahaifinsa ya aura lokacin da yake koyarwa a Jega.<ref>bbc</ref> == Karatu == Abubakar Gumi ya fara karatunsa ne a hannun mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, inda ya haddace al-Ƙur'ani sannan kuma ya yi karatun litattafai da dama. Bayan nan a shekara ta 1933 ya shiga makarantar boko ta Dogon Daji Elementary School, inda daga baya aka mayar da shi makarantar Middle da ke Sokoto a shekara ta 1936. Daga nan ne ya tafi makarantar ilimin shari'a ta Kano. Sannan a shekara ta 1952 ya zurfafa karatu a makarantar koyar da Larabci ta Kano. Daga nan ne kuma ya yi karatun babbar difloma a cibiyar ilimi ta Bakht al-Rida da ke Sudan daga shekarar 1955 zuwa 1956. A shekarar 1987, Gumi ya lashe kyautar Sarki Faisal kan hidima ga addinin Muslunci. Daga cikin abubuwan da suka sa ya cancanci lambar girmamawar su ne wa'azi da kuma koyar da addinin Musulunci, taimakawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam da fassara alƙur'ani zuwa harshen Hausa da kuma rubuta litattafai na addinin Musulunci.<ref>bbc</ref> == Ayyukan ilimi == Abubakar Gumi ya yi gagarumar hidima ta hanyar rubuce-rubuce da kuma fassarar litattafai na addini.<ref>Bbc</ref> Litattafan da ya rubuta waɗanda suka fi yin fice sun haɗa da:<ref>Bbc</ref> * Tafsirin Al-ƙur'ani na '''Rad al-Azhan ila Ma'ani al-Qur`an''' * Al-Aqidah al-Sahiha bi Muwafaqat al-Shari'a * Kitab al-Nasihaila Amir MantiqatKatsina * Manufata / Where I Stand * Hal al-Niza` fi Mas´alatNuzul Isa alaih al-Salatwa al-Salam * Musulunchi da Abinda ke Rushe Shi * Zad al-Haj * Kitab Maratib al-Islam * Kitab Manasik al-hajwa al-Umra '''Fassara:''' * Fassarar ma'anonin al-Ƙur'ani mai girma * Fassarar Hadisai Arba'in (al-Nawawi) * Fassarar littafin Nur al-Bab * Fassarar littafin Hidayat al-Tullab fiAhamMasail al-Din == Rasuwa == Sheikh Abubakar Mahmoud Gumi ya rasu ne a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1992, a birnin Landan na ƙasar Birtaniya. A lokacin da ya rasu, al'umma sun girgiza kasancerwar sa mutumin da ya samu karɓuwa a tsakanin shugabanni da masu sarauta da kuma sauran al'umma. Gumi ya kasance malami, alƙali kuma tsani tsakanin shugabanni da talakawa. Baya ga batun addini, Sheikh Gumi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ɓangaren mulki da kuma ayyukan gwamnati. Ya kasance mai kusanci sosai ga masu mulki, sannan ya riƙa ƙarfafa wa al'ummar arewacin Najeriya, musamman Musulmai gwiwa wajen shiga ayyukan gwamnati da karatun zamani. Tsarin koyarwarsa ya sha bamban, inda ake yaba masa wajen haƙuri tare da ƙoƙarin ganin al'umma sun fahimci abin da yake koyarwa.<ref>bbc</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gumi, Abubakar Mahmud}} 3zrx5rydz6b7lj2by2byxx8hou9ecu9 829858 829855 2026-05-05T04:59:27Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829858 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Sultan Bello Mosque 05.jpg|thumb|Masallacin [[Masallacin Sarkin Musulmi Bello|Sultan Bello]] dake Kaduna inda Malam Abubakar Gummi ya yi limanci tare da gabatar da wa'azinsa.]] [[File:Abubakar Mahmoud Gummi.jpg|thumb|Malam Abubakar Gummi]] '''Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi''' (an haife shi a shekara 1962 –zuwa shekarar 1992)<ref name="HunwickO'Fahey1994">{{cite book|author1=John O. Hunwick|author2=Rex Séan O'Fahey|title=Arabic Literature of Africa: The writings of central Sudanic Africa Vol.2. Volume 13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nKXOThUEpcC&pg=PA551dq=Abubakar+Gummi+1922|year=1994|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-10494-1|page=551}}</ref> malamin Addinin Musulunci ne ɗan Najeriya kuma alƙalin alƙalai na yankin [[Arewacin Najeriya]], matsayin da ya sanya shi ya zama cibiyar tafsirin tsarin shari’a a yankin. Ya kasance na kusa da [[Ahmadu Bello]], Firimiyan Arewa a shekarun alif 1950 zuwa 1960 kuma ya zama Grand Khadi a shekara ta 1967, Kafin a soke wannan mukamin daga baya. Gummi ya fito a matsayin shugaba mai faɗa a ji a lokacin mulkin mallaka, inda yake ganin tsarin mulkin kai tsaye ya raunana ƙarfin addini na sarakuna da kuma ƙarfafa Turawan Yamma. Tun daga shekarun alif 1960 ne ake samun rigingimu tsakanin jama’a tsakaninsa da shugabannin ‘yan’uwantakar Sufaye, waɗanda daga baya ya yi muhawara a shirye-shiryen talabijin a shekarun alif 1970 zuwa shekara ta alif 1980. A wannan lokacin ya ci gaba da maida hankalinsa wajen gudanar da tarukan juma'a a cikin babban masallacin Kaduna ([[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]). Ya yi amfani da zaman wajen Farfaɗo da sukar da ya ke yi wa hukumomi bisa ga ra'ayinsa na koma baya ga tsarin tushen ko kuma buƙatar rungumar aikin tsafta na Musulunci. Ya kuma yi suka da kakkausar murya kan shigar sufanci. Yana da ’ya’ya da yawa, daga ciki akwai [[Ahmad Gummi|Dr. Ahmad Abubakar Gummi]] wanda ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin malamin babban masallacin Kaduna (Sultan Bello), Dakta Ahmad Gummi ƙwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] Zariya. kuma tsohon hafsan soji ne, ya bar aikin soja, ya yi tattaki zuwa jami'ar umm al-Qura da ke [[Makkah]], ƙasar [[Saudiyya]] inda ya yi karatun digirin digirgir (PhD). Gummi mabiyin mazhabar [[malikiyya]] ne, wannan ya samo asali ne ta hanyar rubuce-rubucen sa da suka haɗa da tafsirin alƙur'ani (Raddul azhaan ila ma'anil Ƙur'an). da sauran littafai kamar (hullu nizam ala nuzuul isa) da (Al-Aqidatus As-Saheehah bi muwafaqati ash- Shari'ah) da sauransu == Karatu == Ya yi karatu da rubuce-rubuce a kan addinin [[musulunci]] sosai, ya fassara [[Qur'an|Qur'ani]] zuwa [[Hausa|harshen Hausa]], kuma shi ne mutum na farko da ya rubuta tarjama wato fassarar ɗai-ɗaikun ayoyin dake Alkur'ani.<ref>John N. Paden, Muslim Civic Cultures and Conflict Resolution: the challenge of democratic federalism in Nigeria, Brookings Institution Press, 2005. p 60. ISBN 0-8157-6817-6</ref> Hakan ne ya sa ya samu nasarar samun kyautar Sarki Faisal(King Faisal Award), daga ƙasar saudiya. Malamin dai ya kasance babban aboki kuma mai ba wa Firimiya [[Ahmadu Bello]] Sardaunan Sakkwato shawara. Shi ne mahaifin Dakta Shaikh [[Ahmad Gumi]]. == Shahara == Gummi ya shahara tun lokacin mulkin mallakar Turawa a matsayin mai faɗa a ji, yana sukar salon Mulkin [[Turawa]], cewa ya karya lagon sarakunan Musulmi kuma hakan yana Ƙara karfafa al'adun Turai a ƙasashen musulunci. A farkon shekara ta 1960 an samu ɓarkewar rikici tsakanin sa da malaman sufaye wanda daga baya rikicin ya koma muhawara a gidajen rediyo da talabijin a shekarun 1970 zuwa shekara ta 1980.<ref>The Independent: "Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi" by Karl Maier 16 September 1992</ref> Ya riƙa amfani da ranakun Juma'a a matsayin lokutan yada akidunsa a babban masallacin Juma'a na [[Kaduna]] mai suna [[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]. == Dangi == Abubakar Gumi ba a san takamaiman yawan yayansa ba, amma mafi shahara a cikinsu shi ne Dr. [[Ahmad Gumi]] Wanda shi ne ya gaji Mahaifinsa a matsayin mai gabatar da wa'azi a masallacin na Sultan Bello dake Kaduna. Dr Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke [[Zariya]]. Kuma tsohon jami'in sojin Nijeriya ne, ya bar aikin soja inda ya tafi zuwa ƙasar Saudiyya domin karanta ilimin fikihu, a jami'ar [[Ummul Quraa]] da ke birnin [[Makkah|Makka]] inda ya samu shaidar digirin digir-gir.<ref>John Owen Hunwick. Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan, Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. ISBN 0-8101-1037-7</ref> [[File:Nigerian Public Domain 105.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Abubakar Gumi a shekarar 1970.]] == Tarihi == === Rayuwar farko da ilimi === An haifi Gumi a kauyen Gummi (yanzu karamar hukuma ce a jihar Zamfara ) a ranar Juma'ar karshe na watan Ramadan shekara ta 1344, ga iyalan Mahmud, malamin addinin Musulunci kuma Alkali (alkali) na Gummi. Iliminsa ya fara ne a bangon danginsa lokacin yana dalibin koyarwar addinin musulunci na mahaifinsa. Daga nan ya wuce makarantar da ke karkashin kulawar wani Malami mai suna Musa da ke Ambursa a lardin Sakkwato . A nan aka gabatar da shi ilimin Fiqhu da karanta littafai da waqoqin yabo ga Annabi. Makarantar boko ta farko da ya yi ita ce makarantar firamare ta Dogondaji, yayin da a makarantar firamare ya hadu da Sarkin Musulmi na 18 a nan gaba, Ibrahim Dasuki, kuma ya yi fice a harkokin addini. An nada shi Hakimin Salla (shugaban sallah) kuma an dora masa alhakin ciyar da dalibai ayyukan addini. A cikin shekara guda aka mayar da shi Makarantar Midil ta Sakkwato, inda Ahmadu Bello yake koyarwa. A nan ne ya saba da Shehu Shagari, da Waziri Muhammadu Junaidu, da Yahaya Gusau; na baya-bayan nan shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam, wata fitacciyar kungiyar Musulmi ta Najeriya . Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na secondary ya tafi [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] inda ya karanta fannin shari'a sannan ya samu horon Qadi . Ya fara aiki a matsayin magatakarda ga Qadi Attahiru amma ba da jimawa ba ya rasa nasaba da takamaiman aikinsa. Ya ba da darussa na sirri kan Musulunci da [[tafsiri]] a matsayin kubuta daga bacin ransa. Ya rasa mahaifinsa a shekara ta 1937 a lokacin da yake makarantar sakandare. Ya yi aure bayan shekara 3 da Maryama a shekarar 1941 yana dan shekara 19. <ref name="IndependentObit">{{Cite web |date=1992-09-15 |title=Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sheikh-abubakar-mahmud-gumi-1551628.html |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> === Farkon aiki === A shekarar 1947 Abubakar Gumi ya bar aikin sakatare na Qadi Attahiru ya tafi koyarwa a makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta Kano, wadda ya taba halarta a baya. A lokacin da yake Kano, ya hadu da Sheik Sa'id Hayatu, dan shugaban Mahdiyya na karni na 19, Hayatu ibn Sa'id, kuma wani mutum da ake ganin yana daya daga cikin fitattun wadanda mulkin mallaka ya rutsa da su. Shi ne shugaban kungiyar Mahdiyya, kuma ya dawo daga zaman tilas a kasar Kamaru . Abubakar ya shaku da koyarwar harkar Mahdiyya, a takaice ya zama mabiyi; Daga baya ya auri diyar Hayatu, Maryam. Duk da haka, ta rasu bayan ta haifi ɗa namiji. Dan Abubakar Gumi na farko ba Ahmad Abubakar ba ne, Dr Hamza Abubakar likita ne da ke aiki a yanzu haka a birnin Riyadh na kasar Saudiyya, sai kuma Manjo Janar Abdulkadir Abubakar (rtd) da kuma yaya mata biyu – daya ya auri marigayi Mai shari’a Muhammadu Bello, tsohon alkalin alkalai na tarayya, dayan kuma ta auri Sheik Sunusi Gumbi, sanannen malamin addinin musulunci kuma dalibin Abubakar Gumi. A 1949 Gumi ya sami aikin koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru, Sakkwato. Makarantar tana da wani shahararren malami mai suna [[Aminu Kano]], wanda shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar malamai ta Arewa kuma mai kula da wasu ‘yan [[Makarantar Islamiyya|makarantun musulmi]] . Aminu da Gumi sun yi cudanya tare da raba ra’ayoyi kan tasirin al’ummar gargajiya da addinin Musulunci, da kuma halin ko in kula ko goyon bayan da ‘yan’uwan Sufaye suke ba wa halin da ake ciki na [[Bida|Bidi’a]] . Ya bar Maru ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar koyon Larabci da ke Kano. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya zama malami na tsawon shekaru biyu a makarantar. Ya kuma halarci makarantar ilimi a Sudan. <ref name="Hunwick">John Owen Hunwick. ''Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan'', Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. {{ISBN|0-8101-1037-7}}</ref> A 1957 ya zama mai fassara ga gwamnatin Arewacin Najeriya kan al'amuran [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] . == Rikici == Abubakar Gumi yana da ra'ayi game da tsarin mulki da na addini na jami'an masarautu a Arewacin Najeriya. Rikicin akidarsa na farko da hukumomi shine a Maru. Rikici ya shafi aikin Tayamum . Babban Limamin Masallacin Maru ya kasance yana yin wanka da yashi (Tayammum) gabanin Sallah yayin da Gumi ya yi nuni da cewa Tayammu ana amfani da ita ne kawai idan ba a samu ruwa ba, kuma ana samun ruwa sosai a Maru . Gumi ya ci gaba da kalubalantar wannan al’ada, inda ya nemi dalibai da kada su fito don yin Sallah har sai Imam ya fasa yin Taimiyya. Sai dai Gumi wanda a baya ya rubuta kakkausar murya kan Sarkin Musulmi, yanzu ya samu Sarkin Musulmi yana sha’awar kokensa da babban limamin Maru. An kafa kwamitin bincike kan lamarin tare da goyon bayan Sarkin Musulmi. Sai dai da yake Gumi ya fi sanin aqidar Musulunci, haka nan kuma basirarsa ta gardama, sai hukumar ta yanke hukunci a kan Gumi. [1] Bayan samun nasara kadan a kan Sarkin Musulmi, Gumi ya yi amfani da hankalin da ya samu ta hanyar rubuta wata kasida mai mahimmanci a kan batun Musulmi, musamman Sarkin Musulmi, ya karbi mukaman Ingila . A lokacin, sannu a hankali ya fara ƙalubalantar imani da halaye na ayyuka a tsakanin al'ummar musulmi. [ abubuwan da ake bukata ] Wani harin da Gumi ya kai shi ne kungiyar [[Ahmadiyya]] karkashin jagorancin [[Jibril Martin]] . Yunkurin ya kasance manufa mai sauƙi ga Gumi, saboda wasu ra'ayoyin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar sun yi hannun riga da ainihin akidar Musulunci, kamar yadda wanda ya kafa ya sanya kansa a matsayin annabci . Daga baya Gumi ya fara fargabar wannan harkar ne sakamakon kwarewar tsarin kungiya na wanda ya assasa Najeriya, a hankali kungiyar ta shiga cikin hukumar alhazai ta yammacin Najeriya, sannan ta kafa makarantun almajirai a Kudu sannan kuma ya tashi zuwa arewa wajen yada manufofin Ahmadiyya. Gumi ya dauki wannan kalubale cikin sauki sannan aka dakile manufar kungiyar ta arewa. == Bayyanarshi a Kafafen yaɗa labarai == Sheik Gumi ya yi hajjin sa na farko zuwa Makka a shekarar 1955 kuma Ahmadu Bello ne ya hada shi da shi. Yayin da yake Makka ya yi tafsirin ayyukan addinin Musulunci tare da Bello da Sarki Sa'ud. Ya kuma sadu da dimbin al'ummar al'ummar musulmi ko kuma al'ummar musulmi a kasar Saudiyya, wadanda da yawa daga baya suka zama masu kyautata masa bayan rasuwar Ahmadu Bello a shekarar 1966. Da ya dawo Najeriya ya fara koyarwa a Makarantar Koyon Larabci da ke Kano da kuma wasu Makarantun Musulmi da kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam (JNI) ta kafa wacce ke kusa da birnin Kaduna. Babban bangare na koyarwarsa ya mayar da hankali kan bambance-bambancen al'ada da addini, da yadda za a fahimta da kuma rungumar asalin Musulunci. Ya kuma rubuta tafsirin kur'ani wanda akasari a kan sunna, ya kuma fassara kur'ani daga Larabci zuwa Hausa . Wannan tsari ya kai ga yada Littafi Mai Tsarki ga dimbin jama’ar Arewacin Najeriya, kuma ra’ayoyinsa da sakonsa kan muhimman koyarwar Musulunci sun fara samun dimbin masu sauraro. [1] Sai dai adawar da ya yi da manyan 'yan uwantakar Sufaye kamar Tijjaniyya da Qadiriyya ta jawo masa suka a kai a kai, kuma wasu daga cikin musulmi suka rika kai masa hari kan tafsirinsa; ya kan amsa da cewa su ci gaba da yin tafsirin nasu, idan ba sa son nasa. [1] A shekarun 1970 ya zama mai yawan fitowa a shirye-shiryen talabijin, musamman a lokutan bukukuwan Musulunci. "Lokacin da muka je wurin jifan shaiɗan (Jamra) sa'ilin aikin Hajji, sai mutanenmu suka riƙa yin wasu abubuwa marasa ma'ana. "Wasu suka riƙa nemo manyan duwatsu, wasu kuma suka riƙa cire takalmansu suna jifan jamrah, suna zage-zage da furta munanan kalamai, da sunan jifan shaiɗan." Wannan na daga cikin abubuwan da suka sanya Sheikh Abubakar Gumi ya yi yunƙuri a hukumance na sake faɗakar da mabiya addinin Musulunci a Najeriya yadda ake yin addini, bayan sanar da Firimiyan arewa na farko Ahmadu Bello, kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗaliban marigayin, Sheikh Yusuf Sambo Rigachikun ya tabbatar wa BBC. Wannan yunƙuri ya haifar da kafa wasu ƙungiyoyi guda biyu waɗanda suka jagoranci tafiyar da lamurran addinin Musulunci a Najeriya - Jama'atu Nasril Islam, sai kuma daga baya Jama'atu Izalatil Bidi'a wa Iqamatussunnah - lamarin da ya yi tasiri kan miliyoyin mabiya addinin a Najeriya. Shekara 33 bayan rasuwarsa, miliyoyin Musulmai a Najeriya na ci gaba da bin koyarwarsa, sannan ƙungiyoyin da ya jagoranci kafawa ne a gaba-gaba wajen yaɗawa da kuma tafiyar da al'amuran Musulunci a ƙasar. Baya ga Shehu Usman Danfodiyo, wanda ya yi jihadin sake ɗabbaƙa addinin Musulunci a ƙasar Hausa a farkon shekarun 1800, ana ganin cewa babu wani malami da koyarsa ta Musulunci ta yi tasiri a Najeriya kamar Abubakar Gumi. Wasu masana addini ma na ganin tasirin da Gumi ya yi "ta fi" ta Usman Danfodio, kasancewar a lokacinsa akwai hanyoyin sadarwa irin su talabijin da rediyo da hanyar wallafa litattafai da jaridu, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen yaɗa ayyukansa a ƙasar Hausa da maƙwafta. <ref>Bbc</ref> == Kawo sauyi == Tun kafin yunƙurin samar da ƙungiyoyin sake ilimantar da Musulman Najeriya kan ibada, Abubakar Gumi ya kasance mutum mai neman kawo sauyi, lamarin da ya sa ya yi ƙaurin suna tsakanin malamai da sarakuna har ma da turawan mulkin mallaka. A cikin littafinsa na Manufata, Gumi ya tuno yadda ya ƙalubalanci malaman addinin Musulunci waɗanda suke yin addini "yadda suka ga dama". Gumi ya ce "Sufanci ya zamo jiki a tsakanin al'umma ta yadda babu wanda ya damu ya binciki ko ya yi daidai da koyawar al-Ƙur'ani da hadisan annabi Muhammad". Irin wannan yunƙuri nasa ya fara jan hankali ne a lokacin da yake koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru a shekarar 1949. A lokacin ya fahimci yadda malaman addini da kuma sauran al'umma ke cakuɗa ibada da al'adu ko wasu abubuwa na daban. Limamin Juma'a na Maru a wancan lokaci ya kasance yana yin taimama domin yin sallah a maimakon alwala da ruwa, duk kuwa da wadatuwar ruwan da kuma rashin wata hujja ta yin taimamar. Bayan yunƙurin da ya yi na faɗakar da limamin game da 'haramcin' hakan, amma abin ya ci tura, Gumi ya hana ɗalibansa halartar sallar Juma'a a babban masallacin Maru, inda ya riƙa jan su sallah a cikin makaranta. A matsayin martani, sarkin Maru ya rubuta takardar ƙorafi kan Abubakar Gumi zuwa ga fadar sarkin Musulmi da kuma hukumomi turawan mulkin mallaka. Sai dai a ƙarshe Abubakar Gumi ne ya yi nasara ta hanyar gabatar da hujjoji masu ƙarfi da suka tabbatar da koyarwarsa. A game da turawan mulkin mallaka, Gumi ya ce "Idan na tuna ɓarnar da mulkin mallakar Birtaniya ya yi a ƙasarmu, nakan riƙa mamakin yadda mutanenmu suka kwashe tsawon shekaru ba tare da sun fahimci hakan ba. "Hatta a tsakanin masu iliminmu, ƙalilan ne suke tsayawa su fahimci yadda mulkin mallaka ya illa ga tunaninmu".<ref>bbc</ref> == Littafin da ya yamutsa hazo == Littafin da Abubakar Gumi ya rubuta a shekara ta 1972 mai taken 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha bi-Muwafaqat al-Shar'i' ya haifar da zazzafar muhawara tsakanin Musulman arewacin Najeriya sanadiyyar kakkausar sukar da littafin ya yi kan wasu ayyuka na masu bin akidar sufanci. A wannan lokaci kusan ɗaukacin Musulman Najeriya na bin tsari ne na ɗariƙa, wadda ta samo asali daga koyarwa irin ta sufanci. Da farko Abubakar Gumi ya ce ya rubuta littafin ne domin amfanin masu ilimi, kasancewar koyarwar littafin zai yi tsaurin fahimta ga mabiya, waɗanda iliminsu bai yi nisa ba. Sai dai a lokacin da ya tafi Saudiyya, sai Mallam Isma'ila Idris ya ɗauki littafin ya yi wa'azi da shi a birnin Kaduna, wani abu da ya haifar da ruɗani, abin da ya kai ga dole sai da ya ajiye aikinsa na gwamnati a matsayin malami. Bayan ajiye aiki, Mallam Idris ya shiga aikin soja, inda ya yi aiki a garuruwa da dama na Najeriya, kafin mayar da shi garin Jos, kuma duk inda ya je ya riƙa koyar da karatu ta hanyar amfani da littafin Sheikh Gumi na 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha'. Wannan ne ya haifar da ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar Izalatil Bidi'a wa iƙamatussunnah a birnin Jos. Da'awar Gumi na kira ga Musulmi su yi aiki da karantarwar al-Ƙur'ani da kuma Hadisan Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) kawai, wani abu da ake ganin ya kawo gagarumin sauyi a yadda ake tafiyar da ibada a Najeriya da wasu ƙasashen da ke maƙwaftaka a lokacin.<ref>bbc</ref> == Wane ne Abubakar Gumi? == An haifi Abubakar Mahmud Gumi ne ranar Juma'a 7 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1924, wadda ita ce Juma'a ta ƙarshe ta watan Ramadan na shekara ta 1344 bayan hijira, kamar yadda malamin ya bayyana a cikin litattafinsa. Shahararren malamin addinin Musulunci ne kuma masanin shari'a, wanda ya kai har matsayin Alkalin Alkalai (Grand kadi) na arewacin Najeriya. Ya fara samun ilimi ne a wajen mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi. Sunan mahaifinsa Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, wanda ake kiransa da Na-Gumi, saboda zaman da ya yi a garin Gumi bayan zama a wurare daban-daban na ƙasar Hausa, kamar Katsina, Borno da Dutse. Mahaifin Abubakar Gumi ya kasance babban malamin addinin Musulunci da shari'a, kuma ɗaya daga cikin malamai da aka fi girmamawa a yankin Sokoto da Zamfara da kuma Kebbi a zamaninsa. Kakan mahaifin Abubakar Gumi shi ne Sheikh Aliyu Barou el-Badawi, wanda ya fito daga ƙabilar Larabawa ta Bedouin, waɗanda aka sani da kiwo a yankin Larabawa da arewacin nahiyar Afirka. Babu cikakken bayani kan yadda ya isa yankin Sokoto, amma dai ana ganin zuwan sa ba ya rasa nasaba da ziyarar da Larabawa suka riƙa yi zuwa ƙasar Hausa bayan ƙarni na 15, lokacin da Musulunci ya samu karɓuwa a ƙasar Hausa. Sunan mahaifiyar Abubakar Gumi Hafsatu, ɗiyar Malam Adamu, wadda mahaifinsa ya aura lokacin da yake koyarwa a Jega.<ref>bbc</ref> == Karatu == Abubakar Gumi ya fara karatunsa ne a hannun mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, inda ya haddace al-Ƙur'ani sannan kuma ya yi karatun litattafai da dama. Bayan nan a shekara ta 1933 ya shiga makarantar boko ta Dogon Daji Elementary School, inda daga baya aka mayar da shi makarantar Middle da ke Sokoto a shekara ta 1936. Daga nan ne ya tafi makarantar ilimin shari'a ta Kano. Sannan a shekara ta 1952 ya zurfafa karatu a makarantar koyar da Larabci ta Kano. Daga nan ne kuma ya yi karatun babbar difloma a cibiyar ilimi ta Bakht al-Rida da ke Sudan daga shekarar 1955 zuwa 1956. A shekarar 1987, Gumi ya lashe kyautar Sarki Faisal kan hidima ga addinin Muslunci. Daga cikin abubuwan da suka sa ya cancanci lambar girmamawar su ne wa'azi da kuma koyar da addinin Musulunci, taimakawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam da fassara alƙur'ani zuwa harshen Hausa da kuma rubuta litattafai na addinin Musulunci.<ref>bbc</ref> == Ayyukan ilimi == Abubakar Gumi ya yi gagarumar hidima ta hanyar rubuce-rubuce da kuma fassarar litattafai na addini.<ref>Bbc</ref> Litattafan da ya rubuta waɗanda suka fi yin fice sun haɗa da:<ref>Bbc</ref> * Tafsirin Al-ƙur'ani na '''Rad al-Azhan ila Ma'ani al-Qur`an''' * Al-Aqidah al-Sahiha bi Muwafaqat al-Shari'a * Kitab al-Nasihaila Amir MantiqatKatsina * Manufata / Where I Stand * Hal al-Niza` fi Mas´alatNuzul Isa alaih al-Salatwa al-Salam * Musulunchi da Abinda ke Rushe Shi * Zad al-Haj * Kitab Maratib al-Islam * Kitab Manasik al-hajwa al-Umra '''Fassara:''' * Fassarar ma'anonin al-Ƙur'ani mai girma * Fassarar Hadisai Arba'in (al-Nawawi) * Fassarar littafin Nur al-Bab * Fassarar littafin Hidayat al-Tullab fiAhamMasail al-Din == Rasuwa == Sheikh Abubakar Mahmoud Gumi ya rasu ne a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1992, a birnin Landan na ƙasar Birtaniya. A lokacin da ya rasu, al'umma sun girgiza kasancerwar sa mutumin da ya samu karɓuwa a tsakanin shugabanni da masu sarauta da kuma sauran al'umma. Gumi ya kasance malami, alƙali kuma tsani tsakanin shugabanni da talakawa. Baya ga batun addini, Sheikh Gumi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ɓangaren mulki da kuma ayyukan gwamnati. Ya kasance mai kusanci sosai ga masu mulki, sannan ya riƙa ƙarfafa wa al'ummar arewacin Najeriya, musamman Musulmai gwiwa wajen shiga ayyukan gwamnati da karatun zamani. Tsarin koyarwarsa ya sha bamban, inda ake yaba masa wajen haƙuri tare da ƙoƙarin ganin al'umma sun fahimci abin da yake koyarwa.<ref>bbc</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gumi, Abubakar Mahmud}} ny8snzh969lp0damx6n420cndqza2i8 829860 829858 2026-05-05T04:59:53Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829860 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Sultan Bello Mosque 05.jpg|thumb|Masallacin [[Masallacin Sarkin Musulmi Bello|Sultan Bello]] dake Kaduna inda Malam Abubakar Gummi ya yi limanci tare da gabatar da wa'azinsa.]] [[File:Abubakar Mahmoud Gummi.jpg|thumb|Malam Abubakar Gummi]] '''Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi''' (an haife shi a shekara 1962 –zuwa shekarar 1992)<ref name="HunwickO'Fahey1994">{{cite book|author1=John O. Hunwick|author2=Rex Séan O'Fahey|title=Arabic Literature of Africa: The writings of central Sudanic Africa Vol.2. Volume 13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nKXOThUEpcC&pg=PA551dq=Abubakar+Gummi+1922|year=1994|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-10494-1|page=551}}</ref> malamin Addinin Musulunci ne ɗan Najeriya kuma alƙalin alƙalai na yankin [[Arewacin Najeriya]], matsayin da ya sanya shi ya zama cibiyar tafsirin tsarin shari’a a yankin. Ya kasance na kusa da [[Ahmadu Bello]], Firimiyan Arewa a shekarun alif 1950 zuwa 1960 kuma ya zama Grand Khadi a shekara ta 1967, Kafin a soke wannan mukamin daga baya. Gummi ya fito a matsayin shugaba mai faɗa a ji a lokacin mulkin mallaka, inda yake ganin tsarin mulkin kai tsaye ya raunana ƙarfin addini na sarakuna da kuma ƙarfafa Turawan Yamma. Tun daga shekarun alif 1960 ne ake samun rigingimu tsakanin jama’a tsakaninsa da shugabannin ‘yan’uwantakar Sufaye, waɗanda daga baya ya yi muhawara a shirye-shiryen talabijin a shekarun alif 1970 zuwa shekara ta alif 1980. A wannan lokacin ya ci gaba da maida hankalinsa wajen gudanar da tarukan juma'a a cikin babban masallacin Kaduna ([[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]). Ya yi amfani da zaman wajen Farfaɗo da sukar da ya ke yi wa hukumomi bisa ga ra'ayinsa na koma baya ga tsarin tushen ko kuma buƙatar rungumar aikin tsafta na Musulunci. Ya kuma yi suka da kakkausar murya kan shigar sufanci. Yana da ’ya’ya da yawa, daga ciki akwai [[Ahmad Gummi|Dr. Ahmad Abubakar Gummi]] wanda ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin malamin babban masallacin Kaduna (Sultan Bello), Dakta Ahmad Gummi ƙwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] Zariya. kuma tsohon hafsan soji ne, ya bar aikin soja, ya yi tattaki zuwa jami'ar umm al-Qura da ke [[Makkah]], ƙasar [[Saudiyya]] inda ya yi karatun digirin digirgir (PhD). Gummi mabiyin mazhabar [[malikiyya]] ne, wannan ya samo asali ne ta hanyar rubuce-rubucen sa da suka haɗa da tafsirin alƙur'ani (Raddul azhaan ila ma'anil Ƙur'an). da sauran littafai kamar (hullu nizam ala nuzuul isa) da (Al-Aqidatus As-Saheehah bi muwafaqati ash- Shari'ah) da sauransu == Karatu == Ya yi karatu da rubuce-rubuce a kan addinin [[musulunci]] sosai, ya fassara [[Qur'an|Qur'ani]] zuwa [[Hausa|harshen Hausa]], kuma shi ne mutum na farko da ya rubuta tarjama wato fassarar ɗai-ɗaikun ayoyin dake Alkur'ani.<ref>John N. Paden, Muslim Civic Cultures and Conflict Resolution: the challenge of democratic federalism in Nigeria, Brookings Institution Press, 2005. p 60. ISBN 0-8157-6817-6</ref> Hakan ne ya sa ya samu nasarar samun kyautar Sarki Faisal(King Faisal Award), daga ƙasar saudiya. Malamin dai ya kasance babban aboki kuma mai ba wa Firimiya [[Ahmadu Bello]] Sardaunan Sakkwato shawara. Shi ne mahaifin Dakta Shaikh [[Ahmad Gumi]]. == Shahara == Gummi ya shahara tun lokacin mulkin mallakar Turawa a matsayin mai faɗa a ji, yana sukar salon Mulkin [[Turawa]], cewa ya karya lagon sarakunan Musulmi kuma hakan yana Ƙara karfafa al'adun Turai a ƙasashen musulunci. A farkon shekara ta 1960 an samu ɓarkewar rikici tsakanin sa da malaman sufaye wanda daga baya rikicin ya koma muhawara a gidajen rediyo da talabijin a shekarun 1970 zuwa shekara ta 1980.<ref>The Independent: "Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi" by Karl Maier 16 September 1992</ref> Ya riƙa amfani da ranakun Juma'a a matsayin lokutan yaɗa akidunsa a babban masallacin Juma'a na [[Kaduna]] mai suna [[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]. == Dangi == Abubakar Gumi ba a san takamaiman yawan yayansa ba, amma mafi shahara a cikinsu shi ne Dr. [[Ahmad Gumi]] Wanda shi ne ya gaji Mahaifinsa a matsayin mai gabatar da wa'azi a masallacin na Sultan Bello dake Kaduna. Dr Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke [[Zariya]]. Kuma tsohon jami'in sojin Nijeriya ne, ya bar aikin soja inda ya tafi zuwa ƙasar Saudiyya domin karanta ilimin fikihu, a jami'ar [[Ummul Quraa]] da ke birnin [[Makkah|Makka]] inda ya samu shaidar digirin digir-gir.<ref>John Owen Hunwick. Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan, Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. ISBN 0-8101-1037-7</ref> [[File:Nigerian Public Domain 105.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Abubakar Gumi a shekarar 1970.]] == Tarihi == === Rayuwar farko da ilimi === An haifi Gumi a kauyen Gummi (yanzu karamar hukuma ce a jihar Zamfara ) a ranar Juma'ar karshe na watan Ramadan shekara ta 1344, ga iyalan Mahmud, malamin addinin Musulunci kuma Alkali (alkali) na Gummi. Iliminsa ya fara ne a bangon danginsa lokacin yana dalibin koyarwar addinin musulunci na mahaifinsa. Daga nan ya wuce makarantar da ke karkashin kulawar wani Malami mai suna Musa da ke Ambursa a lardin Sakkwato . A nan aka gabatar da shi ilimin Fiqhu da karanta littafai da waqoqin yabo ga Annabi. Makarantar boko ta farko da ya yi ita ce makarantar firamare ta Dogondaji, yayin da a makarantar firamare ya hadu da Sarkin Musulmi na 18 a nan gaba, Ibrahim Dasuki, kuma ya yi fice a harkokin addini. An nada shi Hakimin Salla (shugaban sallah) kuma an dora masa alhakin ciyar da dalibai ayyukan addini. A cikin shekara guda aka mayar da shi Makarantar Midil ta Sakkwato, inda Ahmadu Bello yake koyarwa. A nan ne ya saba da Shehu Shagari, da Waziri Muhammadu Junaidu, da Yahaya Gusau; na baya-bayan nan shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam, wata fitacciyar kungiyar Musulmi ta Najeriya . Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na secondary ya tafi [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] inda ya karanta fannin shari'a sannan ya samu horon Qadi . Ya fara aiki a matsayin magatakarda ga Qadi Attahiru amma ba da jimawa ba ya rasa nasaba da takamaiman aikinsa. Ya ba da darussa na sirri kan Musulunci da [[tafsiri]] a matsayin kubuta daga bacin ransa. Ya rasa mahaifinsa a shekara ta 1937 a lokacin da yake makarantar sakandare. Ya yi aure bayan shekara 3 da Maryama a shekarar 1941 yana dan shekara 19. <ref name="IndependentObit">{{Cite web |date=1992-09-15 |title=Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sheikh-abubakar-mahmud-gumi-1551628.html |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> === Farkon aiki === A shekarar 1947 Abubakar Gumi ya bar aikin sakatare na Qadi Attahiru ya tafi koyarwa a makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta Kano, wadda ya taba halarta a baya. A lokacin da yake Kano, ya hadu da Sheik Sa'id Hayatu, dan shugaban Mahdiyya na karni na 19, Hayatu ibn Sa'id, kuma wani mutum da ake ganin yana daya daga cikin fitattun wadanda mulkin mallaka ya rutsa da su. Shi ne shugaban kungiyar Mahdiyya, kuma ya dawo daga zaman tilas a kasar Kamaru . Abubakar ya shaku da koyarwar harkar Mahdiyya, a takaice ya zama mabiyi; Daga baya ya auri diyar Hayatu, Maryam. Duk da haka, ta rasu bayan ta haifi ɗa namiji. Dan Abubakar Gumi na farko ba Ahmad Abubakar ba ne, Dr Hamza Abubakar likita ne da ke aiki a yanzu haka a birnin Riyadh na kasar Saudiyya, sai kuma Manjo Janar Abdulkadir Abubakar (rtd) da kuma yaya mata biyu – daya ya auri marigayi Mai shari’a Muhammadu Bello, tsohon alkalin alkalai na tarayya, dayan kuma ta auri Sheik Sunusi Gumbi, sanannen malamin addinin musulunci kuma dalibin Abubakar Gumi. A 1949 Gumi ya sami aikin koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru, Sakkwato. Makarantar tana da wani shahararren malami mai suna [[Aminu Kano]], wanda shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar malamai ta Arewa kuma mai kula da wasu ‘yan [[Makarantar Islamiyya|makarantun musulmi]] . Aminu da Gumi sun yi cudanya tare da raba ra’ayoyi kan tasirin al’ummar gargajiya da addinin Musulunci, da kuma halin ko in kula ko goyon bayan da ‘yan’uwan Sufaye suke ba wa halin da ake ciki na [[Bida|Bidi’a]] . Ya bar Maru ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar koyon Larabci da ke Kano. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya zama malami na tsawon shekaru biyu a makarantar. Ya kuma halarci makarantar ilimi a Sudan. <ref name="Hunwick">John Owen Hunwick. ''Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan'', Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. {{ISBN|0-8101-1037-7}}</ref> A 1957 ya zama mai fassara ga gwamnatin Arewacin Najeriya kan al'amuran [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] . == Rikici == Abubakar Gumi yana da ra'ayi game da tsarin mulki da na addini na jami'an masarautu a Arewacin Najeriya. Rikicin akidarsa na farko da hukumomi shine a Maru. Rikici ya shafi aikin Tayamum . Babban Limamin Masallacin Maru ya kasance yana yin wanka da yashi (Tayammum) gabanin Sallah yayin da Gumi ya yi nuni da cewa Tayammu ana amfani da ita ne kawai idan ba a samu ruwa ba, kuma ana samun ruwa sosai a Maru . Gumi ya ci gaba da kalubalantar wannan al’ada, inda ya nemi dalibai da kada su fito don yin Sallah har sai Imam ya fasa yin Taimiyya. Sai dai Gumi wanda a baya ya rubuta kakkausar murya kan Sarkin Musulmi, yanzu ya samu Sarkin Musulmi yana sha’awar kokensa da babban limamin Maru. An kafa kwamitin bincike kan lamarin tare da goyon bayan Sarkin Musulmi. Sai dai da yake Gumi ya fi sanin aqidar Musulunci, haka nan kuma basirarsa ta gardama, sai hukumar ta yanke hukunci a kan Gumi. [1] Bayan samun nasara kadan a kan Sarkin Musulmi, Gumi ya yi amfani da hankalin da ya samu ta hanyar rubuta wata kasida mai mahimmanci a kan batun Musulmi, musamman Sarkin Musulmi, ya karbi mukaman Ingila . A lokacin, sannu a hankali ya fara ƙalubalantar imani da halaye na ayyuka a tsakanin al'ummar musulmi. [ abubuwan da ake bukata ] Wani harin da Gumi ya kai shi ne kungiyar [[Ahmadiyya]] karkashin jagorancin [[Jibril Martin]] . Yunkurin ya kasance manufa mai sauƙi ga Gumi, saboda wasu ra'ayoyin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar sun yi hannun riga da ainihin akidar Musulunci, kamar yadda wanda ya kafa ya sanya kansa a matsayin annabci . Daga baya Gumi ya fara fargabar wannan harkar ne sakamakon kwarewar tsarin kungiya na wanda ya assasa Najeriya, a hankali kungiyar ta shiga cikin hukumar alhazai ta yammacin Najeriya, sannan ta kafa makarantun almajirai a Kudu sannan kuma ya tashi zuwa arewa wajen yada manufofin Ahmadiyya. Gumi ya dauki wannan kalubale cikin sauki sannan aka dakile manufar kungiyar ta arewa. == Bayyanarshi a Kafafen yaɗa labarai == Sheik Gumi ya yi hajjin sa na farko zuwa Makka a shekarar 1955 kuma Ahmadu Bello ne ya hada shi da shi. Yayin da yake Makka ya yi tafsirin ayyukan addinin Musulunci tare da Bello da Sarki Sa'ud. Ya kuma sadu da dimbin al'ummar al'ummar musulmi ko kuma al'ummar musulmi a kasar Saudiyya, wadanda da yawa daga baya suka zama masu kyautata masa bayan rasuwar Ahmadu Bello a shekarar 1966. Da ya dawo Najeriya ya fara koyarwa a Makarantar Koyon Larabci da ke Kano da kuma wasu Makarantun Musulmi da kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam (JNI) ta kafa wacce ke kusa da birnin Kaduna. Babban bangare na koyarwarsa ya mayar da hankali kan bambance-bambancen al'ada da addini, da yadda za a fahimta da kuma rungumar asalin Musulunci. Ya kuma rubuta tafsirin kur'ani wanda akasari a kan sunna, ya kuma fassara kur'ani daga Larabci zuwa Hausa . Wannan tsari ya kai ga yada Littafi Mai Tsarki ga dimbin jama’ar Arewacin Najeriya, kuma ra’ayoyinsa da sakonsa kan muhimman koyarwar Musulunci sun fara samun dimbin masu sauraro. [1] Sai dai adawar da ya yi da manyan 'yan uwantakar Sufaye kamar Tijjaniyya da Qadiriyya ta jawo masa suka a kai a kai, kuma wasu daga cikin musulmi suka rika kai masa hari kan tafsirinsa; ya kan amsa da cewa su ci gaba da yin tafsirin nasu, idan ba sa son nasa. [1] A shekarun 1970 ya zama mai yawan fitowa a shirye-shiryen talabijin, musamman a lokutan bukukuwan Musulunci. "Lokacin da muka je wurin jifan shaiɗan (Jamra) sa'ilin aikin Hajji, sai mutanenmu suka riƙa yin wasu abubuwa marasa ma'ana. "Wasu suka riƙa nemo manyan duwatsu, wasu kuma suka riƙa cire takalmansu suna jifan jamrah, suna zage-zage da furta munanan kalamai, da sunan jifan shaiɗan." Wannan na daga cikin abubuwan da suka sanya Sheikh Abubakar Gumi ya yi yunƙuri a hukumance na sake faɗakar da mabiya addinin Musulunci a Najeriya yadda ake yin addini, bayan sanar da Firimiyan arewa na farko Ahmadu Bello, kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗaliban marigayin, Sheikh Yusuf Sambo Rigachikun ya tabbatar wa BBC. Wannan yunƙuri ya haifar da kafa wasu ƙungiyoyi guda biyu waɗanda suka jagoranci tafiyar da lamurran addinin Musulunci a Najeriya - Jama'atu Nasril Islam, sai kuma daga baya Jama'atu Izalatil Bidi'a wa Iqamatussunnah - lamarin da ya yi tasiri kan miliyoyin mabiya addinin a Najeriya. Shekara 33 bayan rasuwarsa, miliyoyin Musulmai a Najeriya na ci gaba da bin koyarwarsa, sannan ƙungiyoyin da ya jagoranci kafawa ne a gaba-gaba wajen yaɗawa da kuma tafiyar da al'amuran Musulunci a ƙasar. Baya ga Shehu Usman Danfodiyo, wanda ya yi jihadin sake ɗabbaƙa addinin Musulunci a ƙasar Hausa a farkon shekarun 1800, ana ganin cewa babu wani malami da koyarsa ta Musulunci ta yi tasiri a Najeriya kamar Abubakar Gumi. Wasu masana addini ma na ganin tasirin da Gumi ya yi "ta fi" ta Usman Danfodio, kasancewar a lokacinsa akwai hanyoyin sadarwa irin su talabijin da rediyo da hanyar wallafa litattafai da jaridu, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen yaɗa ayyukansa a ƙasar Hausa da maƙwafta. <ref>Bbc</ref> == Kawo sauyi == Tun kafin yunƙurin samar da ƙungiyoyin sake ilimantar da Musulman Najeriya kan ibada, Abubakar Gumi ya kasance mutum mai neman kawo sauyi, lamarin da ya sa ya yi ƙaurin suna tsakanin malamai da sarakuna har ma da turawan mulkin mallaka. A cikin littafinsa na Manufata, Gumi ya tuno yadda ya ƙalubalanci malaman addinin Musulunci waɗanda suke yin addini "yadda suka ga dama". Gumi ya ce "Sufanci ya zamo jiki a tsakanin al'umma ta yadda babu wanda ya damu ya binciki ko ya yi daidai da koyawar al-Ƙur'ani da hadisan annabi Muhammad". Irin wannan yunƙuri nasa ya fara jan hankali ne a lokacin da yake koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru a shekarar 1949. A lokacin ya fahimci yadda malaman addini da kuma sauran al'umma ke cakuɗa ibada da al'adu ko wasu abubuwa na daban. Limamin Juma'a na Maru a wancan lokaci ya kasance yana yin taimama domin yin sallah a maimakon alwala da ruwa, duk kuwa da wadatuwar ruwan da kuma rashin wata hujja ta yin taimamar. Bayan yunƙurin da ya yi na faɗakar da limamin game da 'haramcin' hakan, amma abin ya ci tura, Gumi ya hana ɗalibansa halartar sallar Juma'a a babban masallacin Maru, inda ya riƙa jan su sallah a cikin makaranta. A matsayin martani, sarkin Maru ya rubuta takardar ƙorafi kan Abubakar Gumi zuwa ga fadar sarkin Musulmi da kuma hukumomi turawan mulkin mallaka. Sai dai a ƙarshe Abubakar Gumi ne ya yi nasara ta hanyar gabatar da hujjoji masu ƙarfi da suka tabbatar da koyarwarsa. A game da turawan mulkin mallaka, Gumi ya ce "Idan na tuna ɓarnar da mulkin mallakar Birtaniya ya yi a ƙasarmu, nakan riƙa mamakin yadda mutanenmu suka kwashe tsawon shekaru ba tare da sun fahimci hakan ba. "Hatta a tsakanin masu iliminmu, ƙalilan ne suke tsayawa su fahimci yadda mulkin mallaka ya illa ga tunaninmu".<ref>bbc</ref> == Littafin da ya yamutsa hazo == Littafin da Abubakar Gumi ya rubuta a shekara ta 1972 mai taken 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha bi-Muwafaqat al-Shar'i' ya haifar da zazzafar muhawara tsakanin Musulman arewacin Najeriya sanadiyyar kakkausar sukar da littafin ya yi kan wasu ayyuka na masu bin akidar sufanci. A wannan lokaci kusan ɗaukacin Musulman Najeriya na bin tsari ne na ɗariƙa, wadda ta samo asali daga koyarwa irin ta sufanci. Da farko Abubakar Gumi ya ce ya rubuta littafin ne domin amfanin masu ilimi, kasancewar koyarwar littafin zai yi tsaurin fahimta ga mabiya, waɗanda iliminsu bai yi nisa ba. Sai dai a lokacin da ya tafi Saudiyya, sai Mallam Isma'ila Idris ya ɗauki littafin ya yi wa'azi da shi a birnin Kaduna, wani abu da ya haifar da ruɗani, abin da ya kai ga dole sai da ya ajiye aikinsa na gwamnati a matsayin malami. Bayan ajiye aiki, Mallam Idris ya shiga aikin soja, inda ya yi aiki a garuruwa da dama na Najeriya, kafin mayar da shi garin Jos, kuma duk inda ya je ya riƙa koyar da karatu ta hanyar amfani da littafin Sheikh Gumi na 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha'. Wannan ne ya haifar da ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar Izalatil Bidi'a wa iƙamatussunnah a birnin Jos. Da'awar Gumi na kira ga Musulmi su yi aiki da karantarwar al-Ƙur'ani da kuma Hadisan Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) kawai, wani abu da ake ganin ya kawo gagarumin sauyi a yadda ake tafiyar da ibada a Najeriya da wasu ƙasashen da ke maƙwaftaka a lokacin.<ref>bbc</ref> == Wane ne Abubakar Gumi? == An haifi Abubakar Mahmud Gumi ne ranar Juma'a 7 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1924, wadda ita ce Juma'a ta ƙarshe ta watan Ramadan na shekara ta 1344 bayan hijira, kamar yadda malamin ya bayyana a cikin litattafinsa. Shahararren malamin addinin Musulunci ne kuma masanin shari'a, wanda ya kai har matsayin Alkalin Alkalai (Grand kadi) na arewacin Najeriya. Ya fara samun ilimi ne a wajen mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi. Sunan mahaifinsa Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, wanda ake kiransa da Na-Gumi, saboda zaman da ya yi a garin Gumi bayan zama a wurare daban-daban na ƙasar Hausa, kamar Katsina, Borno da Dutse. Mahaifin Abubakar Gumi ya kasance babban malamin addinin Musulunci da shari'a, kuma ɗaya daga cikin malamai da aka fi girmamawa a yankin Sokoto da Zamfara da kuma Kebbi a zamaninsa. Kakan mahaifin Abubakar Gumi shi ne Sheikh Aliyu Barou el-Badawi, wanda ya fito daga ƙabilar Larabawa ta Bedouin, waɗanda aka sani da kiwo a yankin Larabawa da arewacin nahiyar Afirka. Babu cikakken bayani kan yadda ya isa yankin Sokoto, amma dai ana ganin zuwan sa ba ya rasa nasaba da ziyarar da Larabawa suka riƙa yi zuwa ƙasar Hausa bayan ƙarni na 15, lokacin da Musulunci ya samu karɓuwa a ƙasar Hausa. Sunan mahaifiyar Abubakar Gumi Hafsatu, ɗiyar Malam Adamu, wadda mahaifinsa ya aura lokacin da yake koyarwa a Jega.<ref>bbc</ref> == Karatu == Abubakar Gumi ya fara karatunsa ne a hannun mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, inda ya haddace al-Ƙur'ani sannan kuma ya yi karatun litattafai da dama. Bayan nan a shekara ta 1933 ya shiga makarantar boko ta Dogon Daji Elementary School, inda daga baya aka mayar da shi makarantar Middle da ke Sokoto a shekara ta 1936. Daga nan ne ya tafi makarantar ilimin shari'a ta Kano. Sannan a shekara ta 1952 ya zurfafa karatu a makarantar koyar da Larabci ta Kano. Daga nan ne kuma ya yi karatun babbar difloma a cibiyar ilimi ta Bakht al-Rida da ke Sudan daga shekarar 1955 zuwa 1956. A shekarar 1987, Gumi ya lashe kyautar Sarki Faisal kan hidima ga addinin Muslunci. Daga cikin abubuwan da suka sa ya cancanci lambar girmamawar su ne wa'azi da kuma koyar da addinin Musulunci, taimakawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam da fassara alƙur'ani zuwa harshen Hausa da kuma rubuta litattafai na addinin Musulunci.<ref>bbc</ref> == Ayyukan ilimi == Abubakar Gumi ya yi gagarumar hidima ta hanyar rubuce-rubuce da kuma fassarar litattafai na addini.<ref>Bbc</ref> Litattafan da ya rubuta waɗanda suka fi yin fice sun haɗa da:<ref>Bbc</ref> * Tafsirin Al-ƙur'ani na '''Rad al-Azhan ila Ma'ani al-Qur`an''' * Al-Aqidah al-Sahiha bi Muwafaqat al-Shari'a * Kitab al-Nasihaila Amir MantiqatKatsina * Manufata / Where I Stand * Hal al-Niza` fi Mas´alatNuzul Isa alaih al-Salatwa al-Salam * Musulunchi da Abinda ke Rushe Shi * Zad al-Haj * Kitab Maratib al-Islam * Kitab Manasik al-hajwa al-Umra '''Fassara:''' * Fassarar ma'anonin al-Ƙur'ani mai girma * Fassarar Hadisai Arba'in (al-Nawawi) * Fassarar littafin Nur al-Bab * Fassarar littafin Hidayat al-Tullab fiAhamMasail al-Din == Rasuwa == Sheikh Abubakar Mahmoud Gumi ya rasu ne a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1992, a birnin Landan na ƙasar Birtaniya. A lokacin da ya rasu, al'umma sun girgiza kasancerwar sa mutumin da ya samu karɓuwa a tsakanin shugabanni da masu sarauta da kuma sauran al'umma. Gumi ya kasance malami, alƙali kuma tsani tsakanin shugabanni da talakawa. Baya ga batun addini, Sheikh Gumi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ɓangaren mulki da kuma ayyukan gwamnati. Ya kasance mai kusanci sosai ga masu mulki, sannan ya riƙa ƙarfafa wa al'ummar arewacin Najeriya, musamman Musulmai gwiwa wajen shiga ayyukan gwamnati da karatun zamani. Tsarin koyarwarsa ya sha bamban, inda ake yaba masa wajen haƙuri tare da ƙoƙarin ganin al'umma sun fahimci abin da yake koyarwa.<ref>bbc</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gumi, Abubakar Mahmud}} 9liz7wm0p3a2ad24ni3eic8lkn6ym9j 829862 829860 2026-05-05T05:00:37Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829862 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Sultan Bello Mosque 05.jpg|thumb|Masallacin [[Masallacin Sarkin Musulmi Bello|Sultan Bello]] dake Kaduna inda Malam Abubakar Gummi ya yi limanci tare da gabatar da wa'azinsa.]] [[File:Abubakar Mahmoud Gummi.jpg|thumb|Malam Abubakar Gummi]] '''Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi''' (an haife shi a shekara 1962 –zuwa shekarar 1992)<ref name="HunwickO'Fahey1994">{{cite book|author1=John O. Hunwick|author2=Rex Séan O'Fahey|title=Arabic Literature of Africa: The writings of central Sudanic Africa Vol.2. Volume 13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nKXOThUEpcC&pg=PA551dq=Abubakar+Gummi+1922|year=1994|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-10494-1|page=551}}</ref> malamin Addinin Musulunci ne ɗan Najeriya kuma alƙalin alƙalai na yankin [[Arewacin Najeriya]], matsayin da ya sanya shi ya zama cibiyar tafsirin tsarin shari’a a yankin. Ya kasance na kusa da [[Ahmadu Bello]], Firimiyan Arewa a shekarun alif 1950 zuwa 1960 kuma ya zama Grand Khadi a shekara ta 1967, Kafin a soke wannan mukamin daga baya. Gummi ya fito a matsayin shugaba mai faɗa a ji a lokacin mulkin mallaka, inda yake ganin tsarin mulkin kai tsaye ya raunana ƙarfin addini na sarakuna da kuma ƙarfafa Turawan Yamma. Tun daga shekarun alif 1960 ne ake samun rigingimu tsakanin jama’a tsakaninsa da shugabannin ‘yan’uwantakar Sufaye, waɗanda daga baya ya yi muhawara a shirye-shiryen talabijin a shekarun alif 1970 zuwa shekara ta alif 1980. A wannan lokacin ya ci gaba da maida hankalinsa wajen gudanar da tarukan juma'a a cikin babban masallacin Kaduna ([[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]). Ya yi amfani da zaman wajen Farfaɗo da sukar da ya ke yi wa hukumomi bisa ga ra'ayinsa na koma baya ga tsarin tushen ko kuma buƙatar rungumar aikin tsafta na Musulunci. Ya kuma yi suka da kakkausar murya kan shigar sufanci. Yana da ’ya’ya da yawa, daga ciki akwai [[Ahmad Gummi|Dr. Ahmad Abubakar Gummi]] wanda ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin malamin babban masallacin Kaduna (Sultan Bello), Dakta Ahmad Gummi ƙwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] Zariya. kuma tsohon hafsan soji ne, ya bar aikin soja, ya yi tattaki zuwa jami'ar umm al-Qura da ke [[Makkah]], ƙasar [[Saudiyya]] inda ya yi karatun digirin digirgir (PhD). Gummi mabiyin mazhabar [[malikiyya]] ne, wannan ya samo asali ne ta hanyar rubuce-rubucen sa da suka haɗa da tafsirin alƙur'ani (Raddul azhaan ila ma'anil Ƙur'an). da sauran littafai kamar (hullu nizam ala nuzuul isa) da (Al-Aqidatus As-Saheehah bi muwafaqati ash- Shari'ah) da sauransu == Karatu == Ya yi karatu da rubuce-rubuce a kan addinin [[musulunci]] sosai, ya fassara [[Qur'an|Qur'ani]] zuwa [[Hausa|harshen Hausa]], kuma shi ne mutum na farko da ya rubuta tarjama wato fassarar ɗai-ɗaikun ayoyin dake Alkur'ani.<ref>John N. Paden, Muslim Civic Cultures and Conflict Resolution: the challenge of democratic federalism in Nigeria, Brookings Institution Press, 2005. p 60. ISBN 0-8157-6817-6</ref> Hakan ne ya sa ya samu nasarar samun kyautar Sarki Faisal(King Faisal Award), daga ƙasar saudiya. Malamin dai ya kasance babban aboki kuma mai ba wa Firimiya [[Ahmadu Bello]] Sardaunan Sakkwato shawara. Shi ne mahaifin Dakta Shaikh [[Ahmad Gumi]]. == Shahara == Gummi ya shahara tun lokacin mulkin mallakar Turawa a matsayin mai faɗa a ji, yana sukar salon Mulkin [[Turawa]], cewa ya karya lagon sarakunan Musulmi kuma hakan yana Ƙara karfafa al'adun Turai a ƙasashen musulunci. A farkon shekara ta 1960 an samu ɓarkewar rikici tsakanin sa da malaman sufaye wanda daga baya rikicin ya koma muhawara a gidajen rediyo da talabijin a shekarun 1970 zuwa shekara ta 1980.<ref>The Independent: "Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi" by Karl Maier 16 September 1992</ref> Ya riƙa amfani da ranakun Juma'a a matsayin lokutan yaɗa aƙidunsa a babban masallacin Juma'a na [[Kaduna]] mai suna [[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]. == Dangi == Abubakar Gumi ba a san takamaiman yawan yayansa ba, amma mafi shahara a cikinsu shi ne Dr. [[Ahmad Gumi]] Wanda shi ne ya gaji Mahaifinsa a matsayin mai gabatar da wa'azi a masallacin na Sultan Bello dake Kaduna. Dr Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke [[Zariya]]. Kuma tsohon jami'in sojin Nijeriya ne, ya bar aikin soja inda ya tafi zuwa ƙasar Saudiyya domin karanta ilimin fikihu, a jami'ar [[Ummul Quraa]] da ke birnin [[Makkah|Makka]] inda ya samu shaidar digirin digir-gir.<ref>John Owen Hunwick. Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan, Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. ISBN 0-8101-1037-7</ref> [[File:Nigerian Public Domain 105.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Abubakar Gumi a shekarar 1970.]] == Tarihi == === Rayuwar farko da ilimi === An haifi Gumi a kauyen Gummi (yanzu karamar hukuma ce a jihar Zamfara ) a ranar Juma'ar karshe na watan Ramadan shekara ta 1344, ga iyalan Mahmud, malamin addinin Musulunci kuma Alkali (alkali) na Gummi. Iliminsa ya fara ne a bangon danginsa lokacin yana dalibin koyarwar addinin musulunci na mahaifinsa. Daga nan ya wuce makarantar da ke karkashin kulawar wani Malami mai suna Musa da ke Ambursa a lardin Sakkwato . A nan aka gabatar da shi ilimin Fiqhu da karanta littafai da waqoqin yabo ga Annabi. Makarantar boko ta farko da ya yi ita ce makarantar firamare ta Dogondaji, yayin da a makarantar firamare ya hadu da Sarkin Musulmi na 18 a nan gaba, Ibrahim Dasuki, kuma ya yi fice a harkokin addini. An nada shi Hakimin Salla (shugaban sallah) kuma an dora masa alhakin ciyar da dalibai ayyukan addini. A cikin shekara guda aka mayar da shi Makarantar Midil ta Sakkwato, inda Ahmadu Bello yake koyarwa. A nan ne ya saba da Shehu Shagari, da Waziri Muhammadu Junaidu, da Yahaya Gusau; na baya-bayan nan shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam, wata fitacciyar kungiyar Musulmi ta Najeriya . Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na secondary ya tafi [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] inda ya karanta fannin shari'a sannan ya samu horon Qadi . Ya fara aiki a matsayin magatakarda ga Qadi Attahiru amma ba da jimawa ba ya rasa nasaba da takamaiman aikinsa. Ya ba da darussa na sirri kan Musulunci da [[tafsiri]] a matsayin kubuta daga bacin ransa. Ya rasa mahaifinsa a shekara ta 1937 a lokacin da yake makarantar sakandare. Ya yi aure bayan shekara 3 da Maryama a shekarar 1941 yana dan shekara 19. <ref name="IndependentObit">{{Cite web |date=1992-09-15 |title=Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sheikh-abubakar-mahmud-gumi-1551628.html |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> === Farkon aiki === A shekarar 1947 Abubakar Gumi ya bar aikin sakatare na Qadi Attahiru ya tafi koyarwa a makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta Kano, wadda ya taba halarta a baya. A lokacin da yake Kano, ya hadu da Sheik Sa'id Hayatu, dan shugaban Mahdiyya na karni na 19, Hayatu ibn Sa'id, kuma wani mutum da ake ganin yana daya daga cikin fitattun wadanda mulkin mallaka ya rutsa da su. Shi ne shugaban kungiyar Mahdiyya, kuma ya dawo daga zaman tilas a kasar Kamaru . Abubakar ya shaku da koyarwar harkar Mahdiyya, a takaice ya zama mabiyi; Daga baya ya auri diyar Hayatu, Maryam. Duk da haka, ta rasu bayan ta haifi ɗa namiji. Dan Abubakar Gumi na farko ba Ahmad Abubakar ba ne, Dr Hamza Abubakar likita ne da ke aiki a yanzu haka a birnin Riyadh na kasar Saudiyya, sai kuma Manjo Janar Abdulkadir Abubakar (rtd) da kuma yaya mata biyu – daya ya auri marigayi Mai shari’a Muhammadu Bello, tsohon alkalin alkalai na tarayya, dayan kuma ta auri Sheik Sunusi Gumbi, sanannen malamin addinin musulunci kuma dalibin Abubakar Gumi. A 1949 Gumi ya sami aikin koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru, Sakkwato. Makarantar tana da wani shahararren malami mai suna [[Aminu Kano]], wanda shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar malamai ta Arewa kuma mai kula da wasu ‘yan [[Makarantar Islamiyya|makarantun musulmi]] . Aminu da Gumi sun yi cudanya tare da raba ra’ayoyi kan tasirin al’ummar gargajiya da addinin Musulunci, da kuma halin ko in kula ko goyon bayan da ‘yan’uwan Sufaye suke ba wa halin da ake ciki na [[Bida|Bidi’a]] . Ya bar Maru ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar koyon Larabci da ke Kano. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya zama malami na tsawon shekaru biyu a makarantar. Ya kuma halarci makarantar ilimi a Sudan. <ref name="Hunwick">John Owen Hunwick. ''Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan'', Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. {{ISBN|0-8101-1037-7}}</ref> A 1957 ya zama mai fassara ga gwamnatin Arewacin Najeriya kan al'amuran [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] . == Rikici == Abubakar Gumi yana da ra'ayi game da tsarin mulki da na addini na jami'an masarautu a Arewacin Najeriya. Rikicin akidarsa na farko da hukumomi shine a Maru. Rikici ya shafi aikin Tayamum . Babban Limamin Masallacin Maru ya kasance yana yin wanka da yashi (Tayammum) gabanin Sallah yayin da Gumi ya yi nuni da cewa Tayammu ana amfani da ita ne kawai idan ba a samu ruwa ba, kuma ana samun ruwa sosai a Maru . Gumi ya ci gaba da kalubalantar wannan al’ada, inda ya nemi dalibai da kada su fito don yin Sallah har sai Imam ya fasa yin Taimiyya. Sai dai Gumi wanda a baya ya rubuta kakkausar murya kan Sarkin Musulmi, yanzu ya samu Sarkin Musulmi yana sha’awar kokensa da babban limamin Maru. An kafa kwamitin bincike kan lamarin tare da goyon bayan Sarkin Musulmi. Sai dai da yake Gumi ya fi sanin aqidar Musulunci, haka nan kuma basirarsa ta gardama, sai hukumar ta yanke hukunci a kan Gumi. [1] Bayan samun nasara kadan a kan Sarkin Musulmi, Gumi ya yi amfani da hankalin da ya samu ta hanyar rubuta wata kasida mai mahimmanci a kan batun Musulmi, musamman Sarkin Musulmi, ya karbi mukaman Ingila . A lokacin, sannu a hankali ya fara ƙalubalantar imani da halaye na ayyuka a tsakanin al'ummar musulmi. [ abubuwan da ake bukata ] Wani harin da Gumi ya kai shi ne kungiyar [[Ahmadiyya]] karkashin jagorancin [[Jibril Martin]] . Yunkurin ya kasance manufa mai sauƙi ga Gumi, saboda wasu ra'ayoyin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar sun yi hannun riga da ainihin akidar Musulunci, kamar yadda wanda ya kafa ya sanya kansa a matsayin annabci . Daga baya Gumi ya fara fargabar wannan harkar ne sakamakon kwarewar tsarin kungiya na wanda ya assasa Najeriya, a hankali kungiyar ta shiga cikin hukumar alhazai ta yammacin Najeriya, sannan ta kafa makarantun almajirai a Kudu sannan kuma ya tashi zuwa arewa wajen yada manufofin Ahmadiyya. Gumi ya dauki wannan kalubale cikin sauki sannan aka dakile manufar kungiyar ta arewa. == Bayyanarshi a Kafafen yaɗa labarai == Sheik Gumi ya yi hajjin sa na farko zuwa Makka a shekarar 1955 kuma Ahmadu Bello ne ya hada shi da shi. Yayin da yake Makka ya yi tafsirin ayyukan addinin Musulunci tare da Bello da Sarki Sa'ud. Ya kuma sadu da dimbin al'ummar al'ummar musulmi ko kuma al'ummar musulmi a kasar Saudiyya, wadanda da yawa daga baya suka zama masu kyautata masa bayan rasuwar Ahmadu Bello a shekarar 1966. Da ya dawo Najeriya ya fara koyarwa a Makarantar Koyon Larabci da ke Kano da kuma wasu Makarantun Musulmi da kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam (JNI) ta kafa wacce ke kusa da birnin Kaduna. Babban bangare na koyarwarsa ya mayar da hankali kan bambance-bambancen al'ada da addini, da yadda za a fahimta da kuma rungumar asalin Musulunci. Ya kuma rubuta tafsirin kur'ani wanda akasari a kan sunna, ya kuma fassara kur'ani daga Larabci zuwa Hausa . Wannan tsari ya kai ga yada Littafi Mai Tsarki ga dimbin jama’ar Arewacin Najeriya, kuma ra’ayoyinsa da sakonsa kan muhimman koyarwar Musulunci sun fara samun dimbin masu sauraro. [1] Sai dai adawar da ya yi da manyan 'yan uwantakar Sufaye kamar Tijjaniyya da Qadiriyya ta jawo masa suka a kai a kai, kuma wasu daga cikin musulmi suka rika kai masa hari kan tafsirinsa; ya kan amsa da cewa su ci gaba da yin tafsirin nasu, idan ba sa son nasa. [1] A shekarun 1970 ya zama mai yawan fitowa a shirye-shiryen talabijin, musamman a lokutan bukukuwan Musulunci. "Lokacin da muka je wurin jifan shaiɗan (Jamra) sa'ilin aikin Hajji, sai mutanenmu suka riƙa yin wasu abubuwa marasa ma'ana. "Wasu suka riƙa nemo manyan duwatsu, wasu kuma suka riƙa cire takalmansu suna jifan jamrah, suna zage-zage da furta munanan kalamai, da sunan jifan shaiɗan." Wannan na daga cikin abubuwan da suka sanya Sheikh Abubakar Gumi ya yi yunƙuri a hukumance na sake faɗakar da mabiya addinin Musulunci a Najeriya yadda ake yin addini, bayan sanar da Firimiyan arewa na farko Ahmadu Bello, kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗaliban marigayin, Sheikh Yusuf Sambo Rigachikun ya tabbatar wa BBC. Wannan yunƙuri ya haifar da kafa wasu ƙungiyoyi guda biyu waɗanda suka jagoranci tafiyar da lamurran addinin Musulunci a Najeriya - Jama'atu Nasril Islam, sai kuma daga baya Jama'atu Izalatil Bidi'a wa Iqamatussunnah - lamarin da ya yi tasiri kan miliyoyin mabiya addinin a Najeriya. Shekara 33 bayan rasuwarsa, miliyoyin Musulmai a Najeriya na ci gaba da bin koyarwarsa, sannan ƙungiyoyin da ya jagoranci kafawa ne a gaba-gaba wajen yaɗawa da kuma tafiyar da al'amuran Musulunci a ƙasar. Baya ga Shehu Usman Danfodiyo, wanda ya yi jihadin sake ɗabbaƙa addinin Musulunci a ƙasar Hausa a farkon shekarun 1800, ana ganin cewa babu wani malami da koyarsa ta Musulunci ta yi tasiri a Najeriya kamar Abubakar Gumi. Wasu masana addini ma na ganin tasirin da Gumi ya yi "ta fi" ta Usman Danfodio, kasancewar a lokacinsa akwai hanyoyin sadarwa irin su talabijin da rediyo da hanyar wallafa litattafai da jaridu, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen yaɗa ayyukansa a ƙasar Hausa da maƙwafta. <ref>Bbc</ref> == Kawo sauyi == Tun kafin yunƙurin samar da ƙungiyoyin sake ilimantar da Musulman Najeriya kan ibada, Abubakar Gumi ya kasance mutum mai neman kawo sauyi, lamarin da ya sa ya yi ƙaurin suna tsakanin malamai da sarakuna har ma da turawan mulkin mallaka. A cikin littafinsa na Manufata, Gumi ya tuno yadda ya ƙalubalanci malaman addinin Musulunci waɗanda suke yin addini "yadda suka ga dama". Gumi ya ce "Sufanci ya zamo jiki a tsakanin al'umma ta yadda babu wanda ya damu ya binciki ko ya yi daidai da koyawar al-Ƙur'ani da hadisan annabi Muhammad". Irin wannan yunƙuri nasa ya fara jan hankali ne a lokacin da yake koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru a shekarar 1949. A lokacin ya fahimci yadda malaman addini da kuma sauran al'umma ke cakuɗa ibada da al'adu ko wasu abubuwa na daban. Limamin Juma'a na Maru a wancan lokaci ya kasance yana yin taimama domin yin sallah a maimakon alwala da ruwa, duk kuwa da wadatuwar ruwan da kuma rashin wata hujja ta yin taimamar. Bayan yunƙurin da ya yi na faɗakar da limamin game da 'haramcin' hakan, amma abin ya ci tura, Gumi ya hana ɗalibansa halartar sallar Juma'a a babban masallacin Maru, inda ya riƙa jan su sallah a cikin makaranta. A matsayin martani, sarkin Maru ya rubuta takardar ƙorafi kan Abubakar Gumi zuwa ga fadar sarkin Musulmi da kuma hukumomi turawan mulkin mallaka. Sai dai a ƙarshe Abubakar Gumi ne ya yi nasara ta hanyar gabatar da hujjoji masu ƙarfi da suka tabbatar da koyarwarsa. A game da turawan mulkin mallaka, Gumi ya ce "Idan na tuna ɓarnar da mulkin mallakar Birtaniya ya yi a ƙasarmu, nakan riƙa mamakin yadda mutanenmu suka kwashe tsawon shekaru ba tare da sun fahimci hakan ba. "Hatta a tsakanin masu iliminmu, ƙalilan ne suke tsayawa su fahimci yadda mulkin mallaka ya illa ga tunaninmu".<ref>bbc</ref> == Littafin da ya yamutsa hazo == Littafin da Abubakar Gumi ya rubuta a shekara ta 1972 mai taken 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha bi-Muwafaqat al-Shar'i' ya haifar da zazzafar muhawara tsakanin Musulman arewacin Najeriya sanadiyyar kakkausar sukar da littafin ya yi kan wasu ayyuka na masu bin akidar sufanci. A wannan lokaci kusan ɗaukacin Musulman Najeriya na bin tsari ne na ɗariƙa, wadda ta samo asali daga koyarwa irin ta sufanci. Da farko Abubakar Gumi ya ce ya rubuta littafin ne domin amfanin masu ilimi, kasancewar koyarwar littafin zai yi tsaurin fahimta ga mabiya, waɗanda iliminsu bai yi nisa ba. Sai dai a lokacin da ya tafi Saudiyya, sai Mallam Isma'ila Idris ya ɗauki littafin ya yi wa'azi da shi a birnin Kaduna, wani abu da ya haifar da ruɗani, abin da ya kai ga dole sai da ya ajiye aikinsa na gwamnati a matsayin malami. Bayan ajiye aiki, Mallam Idris ya shiga aikin soja, inda ya yi aiki a garuruwa da dama na Najeriya, kafin mayar da shi garin Jos, kuma duk inda ya je ya riƙa koyar da karatu ta hanyar amfani da littafin Sheikh Gumi na 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha'. Wannan ne ya haifar da ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar Izalatil Bidi'a wa iƙamatussunnah a birnin Jos. Da'awar Gumi na kira ga Musulmi su yi aiki da karantarwar al-Ƙur'ani da kuma Hadisan Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) kawai, wani abu da ake ganin ya kawo gagarumin sauyi a yadda ake tafiyar da ibada a Najeriya da wasu ƙasashen da ke maƙwaftaka a lokacin.<ref>bbc</ref> == Wane ne Abubakar Gumi? == An haifi Abubakar Mahmud Gumi ne ranar Juma'a 7 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1924, wadda ita ce Juma'a ta ƙarshe ta watan Ramadan na shekara ta 1344 bayan hijira, kamar yadda malamin ya bayyana a cikin litattafinsa. Shahararren malamin addinin Musulunci ne kuma masanin shari'a, wanda ya kai har matsayin Alkalin Alkalai (Grand kadi) na arewacin Najeriya. Ya fara samun ilimi ne a wajen mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi. Sunan mahaifinsa Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, wanda ake kiransa da Na-Gumi, saboda zaman da ya yi a garin Gumi bayan zama a wurare daban-daban na ƙasar Hausa, kamar Katsina, Borno da Dutse. Mahaifin Abubakar Gumi ya kasance babban malamin addinin Musulunci da shari'a, kuma ɗaya daga cikin malamai da aka fi girmamawa a yankin Sokoto da Zamfara da kuma Kebbi a zamaninsa. Kakan mahaifin Abubakar Gumi shi ne Sheikh Aliyu Barou el-Badawi, wanda ya fito daga ƙabilar Larabawa ta Bedouin, waɗanda aka sani da kiwo a yankin Larabawa da arewacin nahiyar Afirka. Babu cikakken bayani kan yadda ya isa yankin Sokoto, amma dai ana ganin zuwan sa ba ya rasa nasaba da ziyarar da Larabawa suka riƙa yi zuwa ƙasar Hausa bayan ƙarni na 15, lokacin da Musulunci ya samu karɓuwa a ƙasar Hausa. Sunan mahaifiyar Abubakar Gumi Hafsatu, ɗiyar Malam Adamu, wadda mahaifinsa ya aura lokacin da yake koyarwa a Jega.<ref>bbc</ref> == Karatu == Abubakar Gumi ya fara karatunsa ne a hannun mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, inda ya haddace al-Ƙur'ani sannan kuma ya yi karatun litattafai da dama. Bayan nan a shekara ta 1933 ya shiga makarantar boko ta Dogon Daji Elementary School, inda daga baya aka mayar da shi makarantar Middle da ke Sokoto a shekara ta 1936. Daga nan ne ya tafi makarantar ilimin shari'a ta Kano. Sannan a shekara ta 1952 ya zurfafa karatu a makarantar koyar da Larabci ta Kano. Daga nan ne kuma ya yi karatun babbar difloma a cibiyar ilimi ta Bakht al-Rida da ke Sudan daga shekarar 1955 zuwa 1956. A shekarar 1987, Gumi ya lashe kyautar Sarki Faisal kan hidima ga addinin Muslunci. Daga cikin abubuwan da suka sa ya cancanci lambar girmamawar su ne wa'azi da kuma koyar da addinin Musulunci, taimakawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam da fassara alƙur'ani zuwa harshen Hausa da kuma rubuta litattafai na addinin Musulunci.<ref>bbc</ref> == Ayyukan ilimi == Abubakar Gumi ya yi gagarumar hidima ta hanyar rubuce-rubuce da kuma fassarar litattafai na addini.<ref>Bbc</ref> Litattafan da ya rubuta waɗanda suka fi yin fice sun haɗa da:<ref>Bbc</ref> * Tafsirin Al-ƙur'ani na '''Rad al-Azhan ila Ma'ani al-Qur`an''' * Al-Aqidah al-Sahiha bi Muwafaqat al-Shari'a * Kitab al-Nasihaila Amir MantiqatKatsina * Manufata / Where I Stand * Hal al-Niza` fi Mas´alatNuzul Isa alaih al-Salatwa al-Salam * Musulunchi da Abinda ke Rushe Shi * Zad al-Haj * Kitab Maratib al-Islam * Kitab Manasik al-hajwa al-Umra '''Fassara:''' * Fassarar ma'anonin al-Ƙur'ani mai girma * Fassarar Hadisai Arba'in (al-Nawawi) * Fassarar littafin Nur al-Bab * Fassarar littafin Hidayat al-Tullab fiAhamMasail al-Din == Rasuwa == Sheikh Abubakar Mahmoud Gumi ya rasu ne a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1992, a birnin Landan na ƙasar Birtaniya. A lokacin da ya rasu, al'umma sun girgiza kasancerwar sa mutumin da ya samu karɓuwa a tsakanin shugabanni da masu sarauta da kuma sauran al'umma. Gumi ya kasance malami, alƙali kuma tsani tsakanin shugabanni da talakawa. Baya ga batun addini, Sheikh Gumi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ɓangaren mulki da kuma ayyukan gwamnati. Ya kasance mai kusanci sosai ga masu mulki, sannan ya riƙa ƙarfafa wa al'ummar arewacin Najeriya, musamman Musulmai gwiwa wajen shiga ayyukan gwamnati da karatun zamani. Tsarin koyarwarsa ya sha bamban, inda ake yaba masa wajen haƙuri tare da ƙoƙarin ganin al'umma sun fahimci abin da yake koyarwa.<ref>bbc</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gumi, Abubakar Mahmud}} dexuing98vi0fbmbhynptb11fswjboc 829864 829862 2026-05-05T05:01:18Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829864 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Sultan Bello Mosque 05.jpg|thumb|Masallacin [[Masallacin Sarkin Musulmi Bello|Sultan Bello]] dake Kaduna inda Malam Abubakar Gummi ya yi limanci tare da gabatar da wa'azinsa.]] [[File:Abubakar Mahmoud Gummi.jpg|thumb|Malam Abubakar Gummi]] '''Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi''' (an haife shi a shekara 1962 –zuwa shekarar 1992)<ref name="HunwickO'Fahey1994">{{cite book|author1=John O. Hunwick|author2=Rex Séan O'Fahey|title=Arabic Literature of Africa: The writings of central Sudanic Africa Vol.2. Volume 13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nKXOThUEpcC&pg=PA551dq=Abubakar+Gummi+1922|year=1994|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-10494-1|page=551}}</ref> malamin Addinin Musulunci ne ɗan Najeriya kuma alƙalin alƙalai na yankin [[Arewacin Najeriya]], matsayin da ya sanya shi ya zama cibiyar tafsirin tsarin shari’a a yankin. Ya kasance na kusa da [[Ahmadu Bello]], Firimiyan Arewa a shekarun alif 1950 zuwa 1960 kuma ya zama Grand Khadi a shekara ta 1967, Kafin a soke wannan mukamin daga baya. Gummi ya fito a matsayin shugaba mai faɗa a ji a lokacin mulkin mallaka, inda yake ganin tsarin mulkin kai tsaye ya raunana ƙarfin addini na sarakuna da kuma ƙarfafa Turawan Yamma. Tun daga shekarun alif 1960 ne ake samun rigingimu tsakanin jama’a tsakaninsa da shugabannin ‘yan’uwantakar Sufaye, waɗanda daga baya ya yi muhawara a shirye-shiryen talabijin a shekarun alif 1970 zuwa shekara ta alif 1980. A wannan lokacin ya ci gaba da maida hankalinsa wajen gudanar da tarukan juma'a a cikin babban masallacin Kaduna ([[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]). Ya yi amfani da zaman wajen Farfaɗo da sukar da ya ke yi wa hukumomi bisa ga ra'ayinsa na koma baya ga tsarin tushen ko kuma buƙatar rungumar aikin tsafta na Musulunci. Ya kuma yi suka da kakkausar murya kan shigar sufanci. Yana da ’ya’ya da yawa, daga ciki akwai [[Ahmad Gummi|Dr. Ahmad Abubakar Gummi]] wanda ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin malamin babban masallacin Kaduna (Sultan Bello), Dakta Ahmad Gummi ƙwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] Zariya. kuma tsohon hafsan soji ne, ya bar aikin soja, ya yi tattaki zuwa jami'ar umm al-Qura da ke [[Makkah]], ƙasar [[Saudiyya]] inda ya yi karatun digirin digirgir (PhD). Gummi mabiyin mazhabar [[malikiyya]] ne, wannan ya samo asali ne ta hanyar rubuce-rubucen sa da suka haɗa da tafsirin alƙur'ani (Raddul azhaan ila ma'anil Ƙur'an). da sauran littafai kamar (hullu nizam ala nuzuul isa) da (Al-Aqidatus As-Saheehah bi muwafaqati ash- Shari'ah) da sauransu == Karatu == Ya yi karatu da rubuce-rubuce a kan addinin [[musulunci]] sosai, ya fassara [[Qur'an|Qur'ani]] zuwa [[Hausa|harshen Hausa]], kuma shi ne mutum na farko da ya rubuta tarjama wato fassarar ɗai-ɗaikun ayoyin dake Alkur'ani.<ref>John N. Paden, Muslim Civic Cultures and Conflict Resolution: the challenge of democratic federalism in Nigeria, Brookings Institution Press, 2005. p 60. ISBN 0-8157-6817-6</ref> Hakan ne ya sa ya samu nasarar samun kyautar Sarki Faisal(King Faisal Award), daga ƙasar saudiya. Malamin dai ya kasance babban aboki kuma mai ba wa Firimiya [[Ahmadu Bello]] Sardaunan Sakkwato shawara. Shi ne mahaifin Dakta Shaikh [[Ahmad Gumi]]. == Shahara == Gummi ya shahara tun lokacin mulkin mallakar Turawa a matsayin mai faɗa a ji, yana sukar salon Mulkin [[Turawa]], cewa ya karya lagon sarakunan Musulmi kuma hakan yana Ƙara karfafa al'adun Turai a ƙasashen musulunci. A farkon shekara ta 1960 an samu ɓarkewar rikici tsakanin sa da malaman sufaye wanda daga baya rikicin ya koma muhawara a gidajen rediyo da talabijin a shekarun 1970 zuwa shekara ta 1980.<ref>The Independent: "Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi" by Karl Maier 16 September 1992</ref> Ya riƙa amfani da ranakun Juma'a a matsayin lokutan yaɗa aƙidunsa a babban masallacin Juma'a na [[Kaduna]] mai suna [[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]. == Dangi == Abubakar Gummi ba a san takamaiman yawan yayansa ba, amma mafi shahara a cikinsu shi ne Dr. [[Ahmad Gumi]] Wanda shi ne ya gaji Mahaifinsa a matsayin mai gabatar da wa'azi a masallacin na Sultan Bello dake Kaduna. Dr Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke [[Zariya]]. Kuma tsohon jami'in sojin Nijeriya ne, ya bar aikin soja inda ya tafi zuwa ƙasar Saudiyya domin karanta ilimin fikihu, a jami'ar [[Ummul Quraa]] da ke birnin [[Makkah|Makka]] inda ya samu shaidar digirin digir-gir.<ref>John Owen Hunwick. Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan, Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. ISBN 0-8101-1037-7</ref> [[File:Nigerian Public Domain 105.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Abubakar Gumi a shekarar 1970.]] == Tarihi == === Rayuwar farko da ilimi === An haifi Gumi a kauyen Gummi (yanzu karamar hukuma ce a jihar Zamfara ) a ranar Juma'ar karshe na watan Ramadan shekara ta 1344, ga iyalan Mahmud, malamin addinin Musulunci kuma Alkali (alkali) na Gummi. Iliminsa ya fara ne a bangon danginsa lokacin yana dalibin koyarwar addinin musulunci na mahaifinsa. Daga nan ya wuce makarantar da ke karkashin kulawar wani Malami mai suna Musa da ke Ambursa a lardin Sakkwato . A nan aka gabatar da shi ilimin Fiqhu da karanta littafai da waqoqin yabo ga Annabi. Makarantar boko ta farko da ya yi ita ce makarantar firamare ta Dogondaji, yayin da a makarantar firamare ya hadu da Sarkin Musulmi na 18 a nan gaba, Ibrahim Dasuki, kuma ya yi fice a harkokin addini. An nada shi Hakimin Salla (shugaban sallah) kuma an dora masa alhakin ciyar da dalibai ayyukan addini. A cikin shekara guda aka mayar da shi Makarantar Midil ta Sakkwato, inda Ahmadu Bello yake koyarwa. A nan ne ya saba da Shehu Shagari, da Waziri Muhammadu Junaidu, da Yahaya Gusau; na baya-bayan nan shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam, wata fitacciyar kungiyar Musulmi ta Najeriya . Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na secondary ya tafi [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] inda ya karanta fannin shari'a sannan ya samu horon Qadi . Ya fara aiki a matsayin magatakarda ga Qadi Attahiru amma ba da jimawa ba ya rasa nasaba da takamaiman aikinsa. Ya ba da darussa na sirri kan Musulunci da [[tafsiri]] a matsayin kubuta daga bacin ransa. Ya rasa mahaifinsa a shekara ta 1937 a lokacin da yake makarantar sakandare. Ya yi aure bayan shekara 3 da Maryama a shekarar 1941 yana dan shekara 19. <ref name="IndependentObit">{{Cite web |date=1992-09-15 |title=Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sheikh-abubakar-mahmud-gumi-1551628.html |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> === Farkon aiki === A shekarar 1947 Abubakar Gumi ya bar aikin sakatare na Qadi Attahiru ya tafi koyarwa a makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta Kano, wadda ya taba halarta a baya. A lokacin da yake Kano, ya hadu da Sheik Sa'id Hayatu, dan shugaban Mahdiyya na karni na 19, Hayatu ibn Sa'id, kuma wani mutum da ake ganin yana daya daga cikin fitattun wadanda mulkin mallaka ya rutsa da su. Shi ne shugaban kungiyar Mahdiyya, kuma ya dawo daga zaman tilas a kasar Kamaru . Abubakar ya shaku da koyarwar harkar Mahdiyya, a takaice ya zama mabiyi; Daga baya ya auri diyar Hayatu, Maryam. Duk da haka, ta rasu bayan ta haifi ɗa namiji. Dan Abubakar Gumi na farko ba Ahmad Abubakar ba ne, Dr Hamza Abubakar likita ne da ke aiki a yanzu haka a birnin Riyadh na kasar Saudiyya, sai kuma Manjo Janar Abdulkadir Abubakar (rtd) da kuma yaya mata biyu – daya ya auri marigayi Mai shari’a Muhammadu Bello, tsohon alkalin alkalai na tarayya, dayan kuma ta auri Sheik Sunusi Gumbi, sanannen malamin addinin musulunci kuma dalibin Abubakar Gumi. A 1949 Gumi ya sami aikin koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru, Sakkwato. Makarantar tana da wani shahararren malami mai suna [[Aminu Kano]], wanda shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar malamai ta Arewa kuma mai kula da wasu ‘yan [[Makarantar Islamiyya|makarantun musulmi]] . Aminu da Gumi sun yi cudanya tare da raba ra’ayoyi kan tasirin al’ummar gargajiya da addinin Musulunci, da kuma halin ko in kula ko goyon bayan da ‘yan’uwan Sufaye suke ba wa halin da ake ciki na [[Bida|Bidi’a]] . Ya bar Maru ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar koyon Larabci da ke Kano. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya zama malami na tsawon shekaru biyu a makarantar. Ya kuma halarci makarantar ilimi a Sudan. <ref name="Hunwick">John Owen Hunwick. ''Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan'', Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. {{ISBN|0-8101-1037-7}}</ref> A 1957 ya zama mai fassara ga gwamnatin Arewacin Najeriya kan al'amuran [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] . == Rikici == Abubakar Gumi yana da ra'ayi game da tsarin mulki da na addini na jami'an masarautu a Arewacin Najeriya. Rikicin akidarsa na farko da hukumomi shine a Maru. Rikici ya shafi aikin Tayamum . Babban Limamin Masallacin Maru ya kasance yana yin wanka da yashi (Tayammum) gabanin Sallah yayin da Gumi ya yi nuni da cewa Tayammu ana amfani da ita ne kawai idan ba a samu ruwa ba, kuma ana samun ruwa sosai a Maru . Gumi ya ci gaba da kalubalantar wannan al’ada, inda ya nemi dalibai da kada su fito don yin Sallah har sai Imam ya fasa yin Taimiyya. Sai dai Gumi wanda a baya ya rubuta kakkausar murya kan Sarkin Musulmi, yanzu ya samu Sarkin Musulmi yana sha’awar kokensa da babban limamin Maru. An kafa kwamitin bincike kan lamarin tare da goyon bayan Sarkin Musulmi. Sai dai da yake Gumi ya fi sanin aqidar Musulunci, haka nan kuma basirarsa ta gardama, sai hukumar ta yanke hukunci a kan Gumi. [1] Bayan samun nasara kadan a kan Sarkin Musulmi, Gumi ya yi amfani da hankalin da ya samu ta hanyar rubuta wata kasida mai mahimmanci a kan batun Musulmi, musamman Sarkin Musulmi, ya karbi mukaman Ingila . A lokacin, sannu a hankali ya fara ƙalubalantar imani da halaye na ayyuka a tsakanin al'ummar musulmi. [ abubuwan da ake bukata ] Wani harin da Gumi ya kai shi ne kungiyar [[Ahmadiyya]] karkashin jagorancin [[Jibril Martin]] . Yunkurin ya kasance manufa mai sauƙi ga Gumi, saboda wasu ra'ayoyin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar sun yi hannun riga da ainihin akidar Musulunci, kamar yadda wanda ya kafa ya sanya kansa a matsayin annabci . Daga baya Gumi ya fara fargabar wannan harkar ne sakamakon kwarewar tsarin kungiya na wanda ya assasa Najeriya, a hankali kungiyar ta shiga cikin hukumar alhazai ta yammacin Najeriya, sannan ta kafa makarantun almajirai a Kudu sannan kuma ya tashi zuwa arewa wajen yada manufofin Ahmadiyya. Gumi ya dauki wannan kalubale cikin sauki sannan aka dakile manufar kungiyar ta arewa. == Bayyanarshi a Kafafen yaɗa labarai == Sheik Gumi ya yi hajjin sa na farko zuwa Makka a shekarar 1955 kuma Ahmadu Bello ne ya hada shi da shi. Yayin da yake Makka ya yi tafsirin ayyukan addinin Musulunci tare da Bello da Sarki Sa'ud. Ya kuma sadu da dimbin al'ummar al'ummar musulmi ko kuma al'ummar musulmi a kasar Saudiyya, wadanda da yawa daga baya suka zama masu kyautata masa bayan rasuwar Ahmadu Bello a shekarar 1966. Da ya dawo Najeriya ya fara koyarwa a Makarantar Koyon Larabci da ke Kano da kuma wasu Makarantun Musulmi da kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam (JNI) ta kafa wacce ke kusa da birnin Kaduna. Babban bangare na koyarwarsa ya mayar da hankali kan bambance-bambancen al'ada da addini, da yadda za a fahimta da kuma rungumar asalin Musulunci. Ya kuma rubuta tafsirin kur'ani wanda akasari a kan sunna, ya kuma fassara kur'ani daga Larabci zuwa Hausa . Wannan tsari ya kai ga yada Littafi Mai Tsarki ga dimbin jama’ar Arewacin Najeriya, kuma ra’ayoyinsa da sakonsa kan muhimman koyarwar Musulunci sun fara samun dimbin masu sauraro. [1] Sai dai adawar da ya yi da manyan 'yan uwantakar Sufaye kamar Tijjaniyya da Qadiriyya ta jawo masa suka a kai a kai, kuma wasu daga cikin musulmi suka rika kai masa hari kan tafsirinsa; ya kan amsa da cewa su ci gaba da yin tafsirin nasu, idan ba sa son nasa. [1] A shekarun 1970 ya zama mai yawan fitowa a shirye-shiryen talabijin, musamman a lokutan bukukuwan Musulunci. "Lokacin da muka je wurin jifan shaiɗan (Jamra) sa'ilin aikin Hajji, sai mutanenmu suka riƙa yin wasu abubuwa marasa ma'ana. "Wasu suka riƙa nemo manyan duwatsu, wasu kuma suka riƙa cire takalmansu suna jifan jamrah, suna zage-zage da furta munanan kalamai, da sunan jifan shaiɗan." Wannan na daga cikin abubuwan da suka sanya Sheikh Abubakar Gumi ya yi yunƙuri a hukumance na sake faɗakar da mabiya addinin Musulunci a Najeriya yadda ake yin addini, bayan sanar da Firimiyan arewa na farko Ahmadu Bello, kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗaliban marigayin, Sheikh Yusuf Sambo Rigachikun ya tabbatar wa BBC. Wannan yunƙuri ya haifar da kafa wasu ƙungiyoyi guda biyu waɗanda suka jagoranci tafiyar da lamurran addinin Musulunci a Najeriya - Jama'atu Nasril Islam, sai kuma daga baya Jama'atu Izalatil Bidi'a wa Iqamatussunnah - lamarin da ya yi tasiri kan miliyoyin mabiya addinin a Najeriya. Shekara 33 bayan rasuwarsa, miliyoyin Musulmai a Najeriya na ci gaba da bin koyarwarsa, sannan ƙungiyoyin da ya jagoranci kafawa ne a gaba-gaba wajen yaɗawa da kuma tafiyar da al'amuran Musulunci a ƙasar. Baya ga Shehu Usman Danfodiyo, wanda ya yi jihadin sake ɗabbaƙa addinin Musulunci a ƙasar Hausa a farkon shekarun 1800, ana ganin cewa babu wani malami da koyarsa ta Musulunci ta yi tasiri a Najeriya kamar Abubakar Gumi. Wasu masana addini ma na ganin tasirin da Gumi ya yi "ta fi" ta Usman Danfodio, kasancewar a lokacinsa akwai hanyoyin sadarwa irin su talabijin da rediyo da hanyar wallafa litattafai da jaridu, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen yaɗa ayyukansa a ƙasar Hausa da maƙwafta. <ref>Bbc</ref> == Kawo sauyi == Tun kafin yunƙurin samar da ƙungiyoyin sake ilimantar da Musulman Najeriya kan ibada, Abubakar Gumi ya kasance mutum mai neman kawo sauyi, lamarin da ya sa ya yi ƙaurin suna tsakanin malamai da sarakuna har ma da turawan mulkin mallaka. A cikin littafinsa na Manufata, Gumi ya tuno yadda ya ƙalubalanci malaman addinin Musulunci waɗanda suke yin addini "yadda suka ga dama". Gumi ya ce "Sufanci ya zamo jiki a tsakanin al'umma ta yadda babu wanda ya damu ya binciki ko ya yi daidai da koyawar al-Ƙur'ani da hadisan annabi Muhammad". Irin wannan yunƙuri nasa ya fara jan hankali ne a lokacin da yake koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru a shekarar 1949. A lokacin ya fahimci yadda malaman addini da kuma sauran al'umma ke cakuɗa ibada da al'adu ko wasu abubuwa na daban. Limamin Juma'a na Maru a wancan lokaci ya kasance yana yin taimama domin yin sallah a maimakon alwala da ruwa, duk kuwa da wadatuwar ruwan da kuma rashin wata hujja ta yin taimamar. Bayan yunƙurin da ya yi na faɗakar da limamin game da 'haramcin' hakan, amma abin ya ci tura, Gumi ya hana ɗalibansa halartar sallar Juma'a a babban masallacin Maru, inda ya riƙa jan su sallah a cikin makaranta. A matsayin martani, sarkin Maru ya rubuta takardar ƙorafi kan Abubakar Gumi zuwa ga fadar sarkin Musulmi da kuma hukumomi turawan mulkin mallaka. Sai dai a ƙarshe Abubakar Gumi ne ya yi nasara ta hanyar gabatar da hujjoji masu ƙarfi da suka tabbatar da koyarwarsa. A game da turawan mulkin mallaka, Gumi ya ce "Idan na tuna ɓarnar da mulkin mallakar Birtaniya ya yi a ƙasarmu, nakan riƙa mamakin yadda mutanenmu suka kwashe tsawon shekaru ba tare da sun fahimci hakan ba. "Hatta a tsakanin masu iliminmu, ƙalilan ne suke tsayawa su fahimci yadda mulkin mallaka ya illa ga tunaninmu".<ref>bbc</ref> == Littafin da ya yamutsa hazo == Littafin da Abubakar Gumi ya rubuta a shekara ta 1972 mai taken 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha bi-Muwafaqat al-Shar'i' ya haifar da zazzafar muhawara tsakanin Musulman arewacin Najeriya sanadiyyar kakkausar sukar da littafin ya yi kan wasu ayyuka na masu bin akidar sufanci. A wannan lokaci kusan ɗaukacin Musulman Najeriya na bin tsari ne na ɗariƙa, wadda ta samo asali daga koyarwa irin ta sufanci. Da farko Abubakar Gumi ya ce ya rubuta littafin ne domin amfanin masu ilimi, kasancewar koyarwar littafin zai yi tsaurin fahimta ga mabiya, waɗanda iliminsu bai yi nisa ba. Sai dai a lokacin da ya tafi Saudiyya, sai Mallam Isma'ila Idris ya ɗauki littafin ya yi wa'azi da shi a birnin Kaduna, wani abu da ya haifar da ruɗani, abin da ya kai ga dole sai da ya ajiye aikinsa na gwamnati a matsayin malami. Bayan ajiye aiki, Mallam Idris ya shiga aikin soja, inda ya yi aiki a garuruwa da dama na Najeriya, kafin mayar da shi garin Jos, kuma duk inda ya je ya riƙa koyar da karatu ta hanyar amfani da littafin Sheikh Gumi na 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha'. Wannan ne ya haifar da ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar Izalatil Bidi'a wa iƙamatussunnah a birnin Jos. Da'awar Gumi na kira ga Musulmi su yi aiki da karantarwar al-Ƙur'ani da kuma Hadisan Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) kawai, wani abu da ake ganin ya kawo gagarumin sauyi a yadda ake tafiyar da ibada a Najeriya da wasu ƙasashen da ke maƙwaftaka a lokacin.<ref>bbc</ref> == Wane ne Abubakar Gumi? == An haifi Abubakar Mahmud Gumi ne ranar Juma'a 7 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1924, wadda ita ce Juma'a ta ƙarshe ta watan Ramadan na shekara ta 1344 bayan hijira, kamar yadda malamin ya bayyana a cikin litattafinsa. Shahararren malamin addinin Musulunci ne kuma masanin shari'a, wanda ya kai har matsayin Alkalin Alkalai (Grand kadi) na arewacin Najeriya. Ya fara samun ilimi ne a wajen mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi. Sunan mahaifinsa Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, wanda ake kiransa da Na-Gumi, saboda zaman da ya yi a garin Gumi bayan zama a wurare daban-daban na ƙasar Hausa, kamar Katsina, Borno da Dutse. Mahaifin Abubakar Gumi ya kasance babban malamin addinin Musulunci da shari'a, kuma ɗaya daga cikin malamai da aka fi girmamawa a yankin Sokoto da Zamfara da kuma Kebbi a zamaninsa. Kakan mahaifin Abubakar Gumi shi ne Sheikh Aliyu Barou el-Badawi, wanda ya fito daga ƙabilar Larabawa ta Bedouin, waɗanda aka sani da kiwo a yankin Larabawa da arewacin nahiyar Afirka. Babu cikakken bayani kan yadda ya isa yankin Sokoto, amma dai ana ganin zuwan sa ba ya rasa nasaba da ziyarar da Larabawa suka riƙa yi zuwa ƙasar Hausa bayan ƙarni na 15, lokacin da Musulunci ya samu karɓuwa a ƙasar Hausa. Sunan mahaifiyar Abubakar Gumi Hafsatu, ɗiyar Malam Adamu, wadda mahaifinsa ya aura lokacin da yake koyarwa a Jega.<ref>bbc</ref> == Karatu == Abubakar Gumi ya fara karatunsa ne a hannun mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, inda ya haddace al-Ƙur'ani sannan kuma ya yi karatun litattafai da dama. Bayan nan a shekara ta 1933 ya shiga makarantar boko ta Dogon Daji Elementary School, inda daga baya aka mayar da shi makarantar Middle da ke Sokoto a shekara ta 1936. Daga nan ne ya tafi makarantar ilimin shari'a ta Kano. Sannan a shekara ta 1952 ya zurfafa karatu a makarantar koyar da Larabci ta Kano. Daga nan ne kuma ya yi karatun babbar difloma a cibiyar ilimi ta Bakht al-Rida da ke Sudan daga shekarar 1955 zuwa 1956. A shekarar 1987, Gumi ya lashe kyautar Sarki Faisal kan hidima ga addinin Muslunci. Daga cikin abubuwan da suka sa ya cancanci lambar girmamawar su ne wa'azi da kuma koyar da addinin Musulunci, taimakawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam da fassara alƙur'ani zuwa harshen Hausa da kuma rubuta litattafai na addinin Musulunci.<ref>bbc</ref> == Ayyukan ilimi == Abubakar Gumi ya yi gagarumar hidima ta hanyar rubuce-rubuce da kuma fassarar litattafai na addini.<ref>Bbc</ref> Litattafan da ya rubuta waɗanda suka fi yin fice sun haɗa da:<ref>Bbc</ref> * Tafsirin Al-ƙur'ani na '''Rad al-Azhan ila Ma'ani al-Qur`an''' * Al-Aqidah al-Sahiha bi Muwafaqat al-Shari'a * Kitab al-Nasihaila Amir MantiqatKatsina * Manufata / Where I Stand * Hal al-Niza` fi Mas´alatNuzul Isa alaih al-Salatwa al-Salam * Musulunchi da Abinda ke Rushe Shi * Zad al-Haj * Kitab Maratib al-Islam * Kitab Manasik al-hajwa al-Umra '''Fassara:''' * Fassarar ma'anonin al-Ƙur'ani mai girma * Fassarar Hadisai Arba'in (al-Nawawi) * Fassarar littafin Nur al-Bab * Fassarar littafin Hidayat al-Tullab fiAhamMasail al-Din == Rasuwa == Sheikh Abubakar Mahmoud Gumi ya rasu ne a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1992, a birnin Landan na ƙasar Birtaniya. A lokacin da ya rasu, al'umma sun girgiza kasancerwar sa mutumin da ya samu karɓuwa a tsakanin shugabanni da masu sarauta da kuma sauran al'umma. Gumi ya kasance malami, alƙali kuma tsani tsakanin shugabanni da talakawa. Baya ga batun addini, Sheikh Gumi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ɓangaren mulki da kuma ayyukan gwamnati. Ya kasance mai kusanci sosai ga masu mulki, sannan ya riƙa ƙarfafa wa al'ummar arewacin Najeriya, musamman Musulmai gwiwa wajen shiga ayyukan gwamnati da karatun zamani. Tsarin koyarwarsa ya sha bamban, inda ake yaba masa wajen haƙuri tare da ƙoƙarin ganin al'umma sun fahimci abin da yake koyarwa.<ref>bbc</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gumi, Abubakar Mahmud}} rqjnap0kovbijvre77nko4priyhpc0j 829868 829864 2026-05-05T05:02:14Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829868 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Sultan Bello Mosque 05.jpg|thumb|Masallacin [[Masallacin Sarkin Musulmi Bello|Sultan Bello]] dake Kaduna inda Malam Abubakar Gummi ya yi limanci tare da gabatar da wa'azinsa.]] [[File:Abubakar Mahmoud Gummi.jpg|thumb|Malam Abubakar Gummi]] '''Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi''' (an haife shi a shekara 1962 –zuwa shekarar 1992)<ref name="HunwickO'Fahey1994">{{cite book|author1=John O. Hunwick|author2=Rex Séan O'Fahey|title=Arabic Literature of Africa: The writings of central Sudanic Africa Vol.2. Volume 13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nKXOThUEpcC&pg=PA551dq=Abubakar+Gummi+1922|year=1994|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-10494-1|page=551}}</ref> malamin Addinin Musulunci ne ɗan Najeriya kuma alƙalin alƙalai na yankin [[Arewacin Najeriya]], matsayin da ya sanya shi ya zama cibiyar tafsirin tsarin shari’a a yankin. Ya kasance na kusa da [[Ahmadu Bello]], Firimiyan Arewa a shekarun alif 1950 zuwa 1960 kuma ya zama Grand Khadi a shekara ta 1967, Kafin a soke wannan mukamin daga baya. Gummi ya fito a matsayin shugaba mai faɗa a ji a lokacin mulkin mallaka, inda yake ganin tsarin mulkin kai tsaye ya raunana ƙarfin addini na sarakuna da kuma ƙarfafa Turawan Yamma. Tun daga shekarun alif 1960 ne ake samun rigingimu tsakanin jama’a tsakaninsa da shugabannin ‘yan’uwantakar Sufaye, waɗanda daga baya ya yi muhawara a shirye-shiryen talabijin a shekarun alif 1970 zuwa shekara ta alif 1980. A wannan lokacin ya ci gaba da maida hankalinsa wajen gudanar da tarukan juma'a a cikin babban masallacin Kaduna ([[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]). Ya yi amfani da zaman wajen Farfaɗo da sukar da ya ke yi wa hukumomi bisa ga ra'ayinsa na koma baya ga tsarin tushen ko kuma buƙatar rungumar aikin tsafta na Musulunci. Ya kuma yi suka da kakkausar murya kan shigar sufanci. Yana da ’ya’ya da yawa, daga ciki akwai [[Ahmad Gummi|Dr. Ahmad Abubakar Gummi]] wanda ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin malamin babban masallacin Kaduna (Sultan Bello), Dakta Ahmad Gummi ƙwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] Zariya. kuma tsohon hafsan soji ne, ya bar aikin soja, ya yi tattaki zuwa jami'ar umm al-Qura da ke [[Makkah]], ƙasar [[Saudiyya]] inda ya yi karatun digirin digirgir (PhD). Gummi mabiyin mazhabar [[malikiyya]] ne, wannan ya samo asali ne ta hanyar rubuce-rubucen sa da suka haɗa da tafsirin alƙur'ani (Raddul azhaan ila ma'anil Ƙur'an). da sauran littafai kamar (hullu nizam ala nuzuul isa) da (Al-Aqidatus As-Saheehah bi muwafaqati ash- Shari'ah) da sauransu == Karatu == Ya yi karatu da rubuce-rubuce a kan addinin [[musulunci]] sosai, ya fassara [[Qur'an|Qur'ani]] zuwa [[Hausa|harshen Hausa]], kuma shi ne mutum na farko da ya rubuta tarjama wato fassarar ɗai-ɗaikun ayoyin dake Alkur'ani.<ref>John N. Paden, Muslim Civic Cultures and Conflict Resolution: the challenge of democratic federalism in Nigeria, Brookings Institution Press, 2005. p 60. ISBN 0-8157-6817-6</ref> Hakan ne ya sa ya samu nasarar samun kyautar Sarki Faisal(King Faisal Award), daga ƙasar saudiya. Malamin dai ya kasance babban aboki kuma mai ba wa Firimiya [[Ahmadu Bello]] Sardaunan Sakkwato shawara. Shi ne mahaifin Dakta Shaikh [[Ahmad Gumi]]. == Shahara == Gummi ya shahara tun lokacin mulkin mallakar Turawa a matsayin mai faɗa a ji, yana sukar salon Mulkin [[Turawa]], cewa ya karya lagon sarakunan Musulmi kuma hakan yana Ƙara karfafa al'adun Turai a ƙasashen musulunci. A farkon shekara ta 1960 an samu ɓarkewar rikici tsakanin sa da malaman sufaye wanda daga baya rikicin ya koma muhawara a gidajen rediyo da talabijin a shekarun 1970 zuwa shekara ta 1980.<ref>The Independent: "Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi" by Karl Maier 16 September 1992</ref> Ya riƙa amfani da ranakun Juma'a a matsayin lokutan yaɗa aƙidunsa a babban masallacin Juma'a na [[Kaduna]] mai suna [[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]. == Dangi == Abubakar Gummi ba a san takamaiman yawan yayansa ba, amma mafi shahara a cikinsu shi ne Dr. [[Ahmad Abubakar Gummi]] Wanda shi ne ya gaji Mahaifinsa a matsayin mai gabatar da wa'azi a masallacin na Sultan Bello dake Kaduna. Dr Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke [[Zariya]]. Kuma tsohon jami'in sojin Nijeriya ne, ya bar aikin soja inda ya tafi zuwa ƙasar Saudiyya domin karanta ilimin fikihu, a jami'ar [[Ummul Quraa]] da ke birnin [[Makkah|Makka]] inda ya samu shaidar digirin digir-gir.<ref>John Owen Hunwick. Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan, Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. ISBN 0-8101-1037-7</ref> [[File:Nigerian Public Domain 105.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Abubakar Gumi a shekarar 1970.]] == Tarihi == === Rayuwar farko da ilimi === An haifi Gumi a kauyen Gummi (yanzu karamar hukuma ce a jihar Zamfara ) a ranar Juma'ar karshe na watan Ramadan shekara ta 1344, ga iyalan Mahmud, malamin addinin Musulunci kuma Alkali (alkali) na Gummi. Iliminsa ya fara ne a bangon danginsa lokacin yana dalibin koyarwar addinin musulunci na mahaifinsa. Daga nan ya wuce makarantar da ke karkashin kulawar wani Malami mai suna Musa da ke Ambursa a lardin Sakkwato . A nan aka gabatar da shi ilimin Fiqhu da karanta littafai da waqoqin yabo ga Annabi. Makarantar boko ta farko da ya yi ita ce makarantar firamare ta Dogondaji, yayin da a makarantar firamare ya hadu da Sarkin Musulmi na 18 a nan gaba, Ibrahim Dasuki, kuma ya yi fice a harkokin addini. An nada shi Hakimin Salla (shugaban sallah) kuma an dora masa alhakin ciyar da dalibai ayyukan addini. A cikin shekara guda aka mayar da shi Makarantar Midil ta Sakkwato, inda Ahmadu Bello yake koyarwa. A nan ne ya saba da Shehu Shagari, da Waziri Muhammadu Junaidu, da Yahaya Gusau; na baya-bayan nan shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam, wata fitacciyar kungiyar Musulmi ta Najeriya . Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na secondary ya tafi [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] inda ya karanta fannin shari'a sannan ya samu horon Qadi . Ya fara aiki a matsayin magatakarda ga Qadi Attahiru amma ba da jimawa ba ya rasa nasaba da takamaiman aikinsa. Ya ba da darussa na sirri kan Musulunci da [[tafsiri]] a matsayin kubuta daga bacin ransa. Ya rasa mahaifinsa a shekara ta 1937 a lokacin da yake makarantar sakandare. Ya yi aure bayan shekara 3 da Maryama a shekarar 1941 yana dan shekara 19. <ref name="IndependentObit">{{Cite web |date=1992-09-15 |title=Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sheikh-abubakar-mahmud-gumi-1551628.html |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> === Farkon aiki === A shekarar 1947 Abubakar Gumi ya bar aikin sakatare na Qadi Attahiru ya tafi koyarwa a makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta Kano, wadda ya taba halarta a baya. A lokacin da yake Kano, ya hadu da Sheik Sa'id Hayatu, dan shugaban Mahdiyya na karni na 19, Hayatu ibn Sa'id, kuma wani mutum da ake ganin yana daya daga cikin fitattun wadanda mulkin mallaka ya rutsa da su. Shi ne shugaban kungiyar Mahdiyya, kuma ya dawo daga zaman tilas a kasar Kamaru . Abubakar ya shaku da koyarwar harkar Mahdiyya, a takaice ya zama mabiyi; Daga baya ya auri diyar Hayatu, Maryam. Duk da haka, ta rasu bayan ta haifi ɗa namiji. Dan Abubakar Gumi na farko ba Ahmad Abubakar ba ne, Dr Hamza Abubakar likita ne da ke aiki a yanzu haka a birnin Riyadh na kasar Saudiyya, sai kuma Manjo Janar Abdulkadir Abubakar (rtd) da kuma yaya mata biyu – daya ya auri marigayi Mai shari’a Muhammadu Bello, tsohon alkalin alkalai na tarayya, dayan kuma ta auri Sheik Sunusi Gumbi, sanannen malamin addinin musulunci kuma dalibin Abubakar Gumi. A 1949 Gumi ya sami aikin koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru, Sakkwato. Makarantar tana da wani shahararren malami mai suna [[Aminu Kano]], wanda shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar malamai ta Arewa kuma mai kula da wasu ‘yan [[Makarantar Islamiyya|makarantun musulmi]] . Aminu da Gumi sun yi cudanya tare da raba ra’ayoyi kan tasirin al’ummar gargajiya da addinin Musulunci, da kuma halin ko in kula ko goyon bayan da ‘yan’uwan Sufaye suke ba wa halin da ake ciki na [[Bida|Bidi’a]] . Ya bar Maru ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar koyon Larabci da ke Kano. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya zama malami na tsawon shekaru biyu a makarantar. Ya kuma halarci makarantar ilimi a Sudan. <ref name="Hunwick">John Owen Hunwick. ''Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan'', Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. {{ISBN|0-8101-1037-7}}</ref> A 1957 ya zama mai fassara ga gwamnatin Arewacin Najeriya kan al'amuran [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] . == Rikici == Abubakar Gumi yana da ra'ayi game da tsarin mulki da na addini na jami'an masarautu a Arewacin Najeriya. Rikicin akidarsa na farko da hukumomi shine a Maru. Rikici ya shafi aikin Tayamum . Babban Limamin Masallacin Maru ya kasance yana yin wanka da yashi (Tayammum) gabanin Sallah yayin da Gumi ya yi nuni da cewa Tayammu ana amfani da ita ne kawai idan ba a samu ruwa ba, kuma ana samun ruwa sosai a Maru . Gumi ya ci gaba da kalubalantar wannan al’ada, inda ya nemi dalibai da kada su fito don yin Sallah har sai Imam ya fasa yin Taimiyya. Sai dai Gumi wanda a baya ya rubuta kakkausar murya kan Sarkin Musulmi, yanzu ya samu Sarkin Musulmi yana sha’awar kokensa da babban limamin Maru. An kafa kwamitin bincike kan lamarin tare da goyon bayan Sarkin Musulmi. Sai dai da yake Gumi ya fi sanin aqidar Musulunci, haka nan kuma basirarsa ta gardama, sai hukumar ta yanke hukunci a kan Gumi. [1] Bayan samun nasara kadan a kan Sarkin Musulmi, Gumi ya yi amfani da hankalin da ya samu ta hanyar rubuta wata kasida mai mahimmanci a kan batun Musulmi, musamman Sarkin Musulmi, ya karbi mukaman Ingila . A lokacin, sannu a hankali ya fara ƙalubalantar imani da halaye na ayyuka a tsakanin al'ummar musulmi. [ abubuwan da ake bukata ] Wani harin da Gumi ya kai shi ne kungiyar [[Ahmadiyya]] karkashin jagorancin [[Jibril Martin]] . Yunkurin ya kasance manufa mai sauƙi ga Gumi, saboda wasu ra'ayoyin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar sun yi hannun riga da ainihin akidar Musulunci, kamar yadda wanda ya kafa ya sanya kansa a matsayin annabci . Daga baya Gumi ya fara fargabar wannan harkar ne sakamakon kwarewar tsarin kungiya na wanda ya assasa Najeriya, a hankali kungiyar ta shiga cikin hukumar alhazai ta yammacin Najeriya, sannan ta kafa makarantun almajirai a Kudu sannan kuma ya tashi zuwa arewa wajen yada manufofin Ahmadiyya. Gumi ya dauki wannan kalubale cikin sauki sannan aka dakile manufar kungiyar ta arewa. == Bayyanarshi a Kafafen yaɗa labarai == Sheik Gumi ya yi hajjin sa na farko zuwa Makka a shekarar 1955 kuma Ahmadu Bello ne ya hada shi da shi. Yayin da yake Makka ya yi tafsirin ayyukan addinin Musulunci tare da Bello da Sarki Sa'ud. Ya kuma sadu da dimbin al'ummar al'ummar musulmi ko kuma al'ummar musulmi a kasar Saudiyya, wadanda da yawa daga baya suka zama masu kyautata masa bayan rasuwar Ahmadu Bello a shekarar 1966. Da ya dawo Najeriya ya fara koyarwa a Makarantar Koyon Larabci da ke Kano da kuma wasu Makarantun Musulmi da kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam (JNI) ta kafa wacce ke kusa da birnin Kaduna. Babban bangare na koyarwarsa ya mayar da hankali kan bambance-bambancen al'ada da addini, da yadda za a fahimta da kuma rungumar asalin Musulunci. Ya kuma rubuta tafsirin kur'ani wanda akasari a kan sunna, ya kuma fassara kur'ani daga Larabci zuwa Hausa . Wannan tsari ya kai ga yada Littafi Mai Tsarki ga dimbin jama’ar Arewacin Najeriya, kuma ra’ayoyinsa da sakonsa kan muhimman koyarwar Musulunci sun fara samun dimbin masu sauraro. [1] Sai dai adawar da ya yi da manyan 'yan uwantakar Sufaye kamar Tijjaniyya da Qadiriyya ta jawo masa suka a kai a kai, kuma wasu daga cikin musulmi suka rika kai masa hari kan tafsirinsa; ya kan amsa da cewa su ci gaba da yin tafsirin nasu, idan ba sa son nasa. [1] A shekarun 1970 ya zama mai yawan fitowa a shirye-shiryen talabijin, musamman a lokutan bukukuwan Musulunci. "Lokacin da muka je wurin jifan shaiɗan (Jamra) sa'ilin aikin Hajji, sai mutanenmu suka riƙa yin wasu abubuwa marasa ma'ana. "Wasu suka riƙa nemo manyan duwatsu, wasu kuma suka riƙa cire takalmansu suna jifan jamrah, suna zage-zage da furta munanan kalamai, da sunan jifan shaiɗan." Wannan na daga cikin abubuwan da suka sanya Sheikh Abubakar Gumi ya yi yunƙuri a hukumance na sake faɗakar da mabiya addinin Musulunci a Najeriya yadda ake yin addini, bayan sanar da Firimiyan arewa na farko Ahmadu Bello, kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗaliban marigayin, Sheikh Yusuf Sambo Rigachikun ya tabbatar wa BBC. Wannan yunƙuri ya haifar da kafa wasu ƙungiyoyi guda biyu waɗanda suka jagoranci tafiyar da lamurran addinin Musulunci a Najeriya - Jama'atu Nasril Islam, sai kuma daga baya Jama'atu Izalatil Bidi'a wa Iqamatussunnah - lamarin da ya yi tasiri kan miliyoyin mabiya addinin a Najeriya. Shekara 33 bayan rasuwarsa, miliyoyin Musulmai a Najeriya na ci gaba da bin koyarwarsa, sannan ƙungiyoyin da ya jagoranci kafawa ne a gaba-gaba wajen yaɗawa da kuma tafiyar da al'amuran Musulunci a ƙasar. Baya ga Shehu Usman Danfodiyo, wanda ya yi jihadin sake ɗabbaƙa addinin Musulunci a ƙasar Hausa a farkon shekarun 1800, ana ganin cewa babu wani malami da koyarsa ta Musulunci ta yi tasiri a Najeriya kamar Abubakar Gumi. Wasu masana addini ma na ganin tasirin da Gumi ya yi "ta fi" ta Usman Danfodio, kasancewar a lokacinsa akwai hanyoyin sadarwa irin su talabijin da rediyo da hanyar wallafa litattafai da jaridu, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen yaɗa ayyukansa a ƙasar Hausa da maƙwafta. <ref>Bbc</ref> == Kawo sauyi == Tun kafin yunƙurin samar da ƙungiyoyin sake ilimantar da Musulman Najeriya kan ibada, Abubakar Gumi ya kasance mutum mai neman kawo sauyi, lamarin da ya sa ya yi ƙaurin suna tsakanin malamai da sarakuna har ma da turawan mulkin mallaka. A cikin littafinsa na Manufata, Gumi ya tuno yadda ya ƙalubalanci malaman addinin Musulunci waɗanda suke yin addini "yadda suka ga dama". Gumi ya ce "Sufanci ya zamo jiki a tsakanin al'umma ta yadda babu wanda ya damu ya binciki ko ya yi daidai da koyawar al-Ƙur'ani da hadisan annabi Muhammad". Irin wannan yunƙuri nasa ya fara jan hankali ne a lokacin da yake koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru a shekarar 1949. A lokacin ya fahimci yadda malaman addini da kuma sauran al'umma ke cakuɗa ibada da al'adu ko wasu abubuwa na daban. Limamin Juma'a na Maru a wancan lokaci ya kasance yana yin taimama domin yin sallah a maimakon alwala da ruwa, duk kuwa da wadatuwar ruwan da kuma rashin wata hujja ta yin taimamar. Bayan yunƙurin da ya yi na faɗakar da limamin game da 'haramcin' hakan, amma abin ya ci tura, Gumi ya hana ɗalibansa halartar sallar Juma'a a babban masallacin Maru, inda ya riƙa jan su sallah a cikin makaranta. A matsayin martani, sarkin Maru ya rubuta takardar ƙorafi kan Abubakar Gumi zuwa ga fadar sarkin Musulmi da kuma hukumomi turawan mulkin mallaka. Sai dai a ƙarshe Abubakar Gumi ne ya yi nasara ta hanyar gabatar da hujjoji masu ƙarfi da suka tabbatar da koyarwarsa. A game da turawan mulkin mallaka, Gumi ya ce "Idan na tuna ɓarnar da mulkin mallakar Birtaniya ya yi a ƙasarmu, nakan riƙa mamakin yadda mutanenmu suka kwashe tsawon shekaru ba tare da sun fahimci hakan ba. "Hatta a tsakanin masu iliminmu, ƙalilan ne suke tsayawa su fahimci yadda mulkin mallaka ya illa ga tunaninmu".<ref>bbc</ref> == Littafin da ya yamutsa hazo == Littafin da Abubakar Gumi ya rubuta a shekara ta 1972 mai taken 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha bi-Muwafaqat al-Shar'i' ya haifar da zazzafar muhawara tsakanin Musulman arewacin Najeriya sanadiyyar kakkausar sukar da littafin ya yi kan wasu ayyuka na masu bin akidar sufanci. A wannan lokaci kusan ɗaukacin Musulman Najeriya na bin tsari ne na ɗariƙa, wadda ta samo asali daga koyarwa irin ta sufanci. Da farko Abubakar Gumi ya ce ya rubuta littafin ne domin amfanin masu ilimi, kasancewar koyarwar littafin zai yi tsaurin fahimta ga mabiya, waɗanda iliminsu bai yi nisa ba. Sai dai a lokacin da ya tafi Saudiyya, sai Mallam Isma'ila Idris ya ɗauki littafin ya yi wa'azi da shi a birnin Kaduna, wani abu da ya haifar da ruɗani, abin da ya kai ga dole sai da ya ajiye aikinsa na gwamnati a matsayin malami. Bayan ajiye aiki, Mallam Idris ya shiga aikin soja, inda ya yi aiki a garuruwa da dama na Najeriya, kafin mayar da shi garin Jos, kuma duk inda ya je ya riƙa koyar da karatu ta hanyar amfani da littafin Sheikh Gumi na 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha'. Wannan ne ya haifar da ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar Izalatil Bidi'a wa iƙamatussunnah a birnin Jos. Da'awar Gumi na kira ga Musulmi su yi aiki da karantarwar al-Ƙur'ani da kuma Hadisan Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) kawai, wani abu da ake ganin ya kawo gagarumin sauyi a yadda ake tafiyar da ibada a Najeriya da wasu ƙasashen da ke maƙwaftaka a lokacin.<ref>bbc</ref> == Wane ne Abubakar Gumi? == An haifi Abubakar Mahmud Gumi ne ranar Juma'a 7 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1924, wadda ita ce Juma'a ta ƙarshe ta watan Ramadan na shekara ta 1344 bayan hijira, kamar yadda malamin ya bayyana a cikin litattafinsa. Shahararren malamin addinin Musulunci ne kuma masanin shari'a, wanda ya kai har matsayin Alkalin Alkalai (Grand kadi) na arewacin Najeriya. Ya fara samun ilimi ne a wajen mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi. Sunan mahaifinsa Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, wanda ake kiransa da Na-Gumi, saboda zaman da ya yi a garin Gumi bayan zama a wurare daban-daban na ƙasar Hausa, kamar Katsina, Borno da Dutse. Mahaifin Abubakar Gumi ya kasance babban malamin addinin Musulunci da shari'a, kuma ɗaya daga cikin malamai da aka fi girmamawa a yankin Sokoto da Zamfara da kuma Kebbi a zamaninsa. Kakan mahaifin Abubakar Gumi shi ne Sheikh Aliyu Barou el-Badawi, wanda ya fito daga ƙabilar Larabawa ta Bedouin, waɗanda aka sani da kiwo a yankin Larabawa da arewacin nahiyar Afirka. Babu cikakken bayani kan yadda ya isa yankin Sokoto, amma dai ana ganin zuwan sa ba ya rasa nasaba da ziyarar da Larabawa suka riƙa yi zuwa ƙasar Hausa bayan ƙarni na 15, lokacin da Musulunci ya samu karɓuwa a ƙasar Hausa. Sunan mahaifiyar Abubakar Gumi Hafsatu, ɗiyar Malam Adamu, wadda mahaifinsa ya aura lokacin da yake koyarwa a Jega.<ref>bbc</ref> == Karatu == Abubakar Gumi ya fara karatunsa ne a hannun mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, inda ya haddace al-Ƙur'ani sannan kuma ya yi karatun litattafai da dama. Bayan nan a shekara ta 1933 ya shiga makarantar boko ta Dogon Daji Elementary School, inda daga baya aka mayar da shi makarantar Middle da ke Sokoto a shekara ta 1936. Daga nan ne ya tafi makarantar ilimin shari'a ta Kano. Sannan a shekara ta 1952 ya zurfafa karatu a makarantar koyar da Larabci ta Kano. Daga nan ne kuma ya yi karatun babbar difloma a cibiyar ilimi ta Bakht al-Rida da ke Sudan daga shekarar 1955 zuwa 1956. A shekarar 1987, Gumi ya lashe kyautar Sarki Faisal kan hidima ga addinin Muslunci. Daga cikin abubuwan da suka sa ya cancanci lambar girmamawar su ne wa'azi da kuma koyar da addinin Musulunci, taimakawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam da fassara alƙur'ani zuwa harshen Hausa da kuma rubuta litattafai na addinin Musulunci.<ref>bbc</ref> == Ayyukan ilimi == Abubakar Gumi ya yi gagarumar hidima ta hanyar rubuce-rubuce da kuma fassarar litattafai na addini.<ref>Bbc</ref> Litattafan da ya rubuta waɗanda suka fi yin fice sun haɗa da:<ref>Bbc</ref> * Tafsirin Al-ƙur'ani na '''Rad al-Azhan ila Ma'ani al-Qur`an''' * Al-Aqidah al-Sahiha bi Muwafaqat al-Shari'a * Kitab al-Nasihaila Amir MantiqatKatsina * Manufata / Where I Stand * Hal al-Niza` fi Mas´alatNuzul Isa alaih al-Salatwa al-Salam * Musulunchi da Abinda ke Rushe Shi * Zad al-Haj * Kitab Maratib al-Islam * Kitab Manasik al-hajwa al-Umra '''Fassara:''' * Fassarar ma'anonin al-Ƙur'ani mai girma * Fassarar Hadisai Arba'in (al-Nawawi) * Fassarar littafin Nur al-Bab * Fassarar littafin Hidayat al-Tullab fiAhamMasail al-Din == Rasuwa == Sheikh Abubakar Mahmoud Gumi ya rasu ne a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1992, a birnin Landan na ƙasar Birtaniya. A lokacin da ya rasu, al'umma sun girgiza kasancerwar sa mutumin da ya samu karɓuwa a tsakanin shugabanni da masu sarauta da kuma sauran al'umma. Gumi ya kasance malami, alƙali kuma tsani tsakanin shugabanni da talakawa. Baya ga batun addini, Sheikh Gumi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ɓangaren mulki da kuma ayyukan gwamnati. Ya kasance mai kusanci sosai ga masu mulki, sannan ya riƙa ƙarfafa wa al'ummar arewacin Najeriya, musamman Musulmai gwiwa wajen shiga ayyukan gwamnati da karatun zamani. Tsarin koyarwarsa ya sha bamban, inda ake yaba masa wajen haƙuri tare da ƙoƙarin ganin al'umma sun fahimci abin da yake koyarwa.<ref>bbc</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gumi, Abubakar Mahmud}} 9zrxt2hs60zixoikmuir7ao4cisjne5 829871 829868 2026-05-05T05:03:05Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829871 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Sultan Bello Mosque 05.jpg|thumb|Masallacin [[Masallacin Sarkin Musulmi Bello|Sultan Bello]] dake Kaduna inda Malam Abubakar Gummi ya yi limanci tare da gabatar da wa'azinsa.]] [[File:Abubakar Mahmoud Gummi.jpg|thumb|Malam Abubakar Gummi]] '''Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi''' (an haife shi a shekara 1962 –zuwa shekarar 1992)<ref name="HunwickO'Fahey1994">{{cite book|author1=John O. Hunwick|author2=Rex Séan O'Fahey|title=Arabic Literature of Africa: The writings of central Sudanic Africa Vol.2. Volume 13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nKXOThUEpcC&pg=PA551dq=Abubakar+Gummi+1922|year=1994|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-10494-1|page=551}}</ref> malamin Addinin Musulunci ne ɗan Najeriya kuma alƙalin alƙalai na yankin [[Arewacin Najeriya]], matsayin da ya sanya shi ya zama cibiyar tafsirin tsarin shari’a a yankin. Ya kasance na kusa da [[Ahmadu Bello]], Firimiyan Arewa a shekarun alif 1950 zuwa 1960 kuma ya zama Grand Khadi a shekara ta 1967, Kafin a soke wannan mukamin daga baya. Gummi ya fito a matsayin shugaba mai faɗa a ji a lokacin mulkin mallaka, inda yake ganin tsarin mulkin kai tsaye ya raunana ƙarfin addini na sarakuna da kuma ƙarfafa Turawan Yamma. Tun daga shekarun alif 1960 ne ake samun rigingimu tsakanin jama’a tsakaninsa da shugabannin ‘yan’uwantakar Sufaye, waɗanda daga baya ya yi muhawara a shirye-shiryen talabijin a shekarun alif 1970 zuwa shekara ta alif 1980. A wannan lokacin ya ci gaba da maida hankalinsa wajen gudanar da tarukan juma'a a cikin babban masallacin Kaduna ([[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]). Ya yi amfani da zaman wajen Farfaɗo da sukar da ya ke yi wa hukumomi bisa ga ra'ayinsa na koma baya ga tsarin tushen ko kuma buƙatar rungumar aikin tsafta na Musulunci. Ya kuma yi suka da kakkausar murya kan shigar sufanci. Yana da ’ya’ya da yawa, daga ciki akwai [[Ahmad Gummi|Dr. Ahmad Abubakar Gummi]] wanda ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin malamin babban masallacin Kaduna (Sultan Bello), Dakta Ahmad Gummi ƙwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] Zariya. kuma tsohon hafsan soji ne, ya bar aikin soja, ya yi tattaki zuwa jami'ar umm al-Qura da ke [[Makkah]], ƙasar [[Saudiyya]] inda ya yi karatun digirin digirgir (PhD). Gummi mabiyin mazhabar [[malikiyya]] ne, wannan ya samo asali ne ta hanyar rubuce-rubucen sa da suka haɗa da tafsirin alƙur'ani (Raddul azhaan ila ma'anil Ƙur'an). da sauran littafai kamar (hullu nizam ala nuzuul isa) da (Al-Aqidatus As-Saheehah bi muwafaqati ash- Shari'ah) da sauransu == Karatu == Ya yi karatu da rubuce-rubuce a kan addinin [[musulunci]] sosai, ya fassara [[Qur'an|Qur'ani]] zuwa [[Hausa|harshen Hausa]], kuma shi ne mutum na farko da ya rubuta tarjama wato fassarar ɗai-ɗaikun ayoyin dake Alkur'ani.<ref>John N. Paden, Muslim Civic Cultures and Conflict Resolution: the challenge of democratic federalism in Nigeria, Brookings Institution Press, 2005. p 60. ISBN 0-8157-6817-6</ref> Hakan ne ya sa ya samu nasarar samun kyautar Sarki Faisal(King Faisal Award), daga ƙasar saudiya. Malamin dai ya kasance babban aboki kuma mai ba wa Firimiya [[Ahmadu Bello]] Sardaunan Sakkwato shawara. Shi ne mahaifin Dakta Shaikh [[Ahmad Gumi]]. == Shahara == Gummi ya shahara tun lokacin mulkin mallakar Turawa a matsayin mai faɗa a ji, yana sukar salon Mulkin [[Turawa]], cewa ya karya lagon sarakunan Musulmi kuma hakan yana Ƙara karfafa al'adun Turai a ƙasashen musulunci. A farkon shekara ta 1960 an samu ɓarkewar rikici tsakanin sa da malaman sufaye wanda daga baya rikicin ya koma muhawara a gidajen rediyo da talabijin a shekarun 1970 zuwa shekara ta 1980.<ref>The Independent: "Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi" by Karl Maier 16 September 1992</ref> Ya riƙa amfani da ranakun Juma'a a matsayin lokutan yaɗa aƙidunsa a babban masallacin Juma'a na [[Kaduna]] mai suna [[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]. == Dangi == Abubakar Gummi ba a san takamaiman yawan yayansa ba, amma mafi shahara a cikinsu shi ne Dr. [[Ahmad Abubakar Gummi]] Wanda shi ne ya gaji Mahaifinsa a matsayin mai gabatar da wa'azi a masallacin na Sultan Bello dake Kaduna. Dr Ahmad Gumi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke [[Zariya]]. Kuma tsohon jami'in sojin Nijeriya ne, ya bar aikin soja inda ya tafi zuwa ƙasar Saudiyya domin karanta ilimin fiƙihu, a jami'ar [[Ummul Quraa]] da ke birnin [[Makkah|Makka]] inda ya samu shaidar digirin digir-gir.<ref>John Owen Hunwick. Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan, Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. ISBN 0-8101-1037-7</ref> [[File:Nigerian Public Domain 105.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Abubakar Gumi a shekarar 1970.]] == Tarihi == === Rayuwar farko da ilimi === An haifi Gumi a kauyen Gummi (yanzu karamar hukuma ce a jihar Zamfara ) a ranar Juma'ar karshe na watan Ramadan shekara ta 1344, ga iyalan Mahmud, malamin addinin Musulunci kuma Alkali (alkali) na Gummi. Iliminsa ya fara ne a bangon danginsa lokacin yana dalibin koyarwar addinin musulunci na mahaifinsa. Daga nan ya wuce makarantar da ke karkashin kulawar wani Malami mai suna Musa da ke Ambursa a lardin Sakkwato . A nan aka gabatar da shi ilimin Fiqhu da karanta littafai da waqoqin yabo ga Annabi. Makarantar boko ta farko da ya yi ita ce makarantar firamare ta Dogondaji, yayin da a makarantar firamare ya hadu da Sarkin Musulmi na 18 a nan gaba, Ibrahim Dasuki, kuma ya yi fice a harkokin addini. An nada shi Hakimin Salla (shugaban sallah) kuma an dora masa alhakin ciyar da dalibai ayyukan addini. A cikin shekara guda aka mayar da shi Makarantar Midil ta Sakkwato, inda Ahmadu Bello yake koyarwa. A nan ne ya saba da Shehu Shagari, da Waziri Muhammadu Junaidu, da Yahaya Gusau; na baya-bayan nan shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam, wata fitacciyar kungiyar Musulmi ta Najeriya . Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na secondary ya tafi [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] inda ya karanta fannin shari'a sannan ya samu horon Qadi . Ya fara aiki a matsayin magatakarda ga Qadi Attahiru amma ba da jimawa ba ya rasa nasaba da takamaiman aikinsa. Ya ba da darussa na sirri kan Musulunci da [[tafsiri]] a matsayin kubuta daga bacin ransa. Ya rasa mahaifinsa a shekara ta 1937 a lokacin da yake makarantar sakandare. Ya yi aure bayan shekara 3 da Maryama a shekarar 1941 yana dan shekara 19. <ref name="IndependentObit">{{Cite web |date=1992-09-15 |title=Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sheikh-abubakar-mahmud-gumi-1551628.html |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> === Farkon aiki === A shekarar 1947 Abubakar Gumi ya bar aikin sakatare na Qadi Attahiru ya tafi koyarwa a makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta Kano, wadda ya taba halarta a baya. A lokacin da yake Kano, ya hadu da Sheik Sa'id Hayatu, dan shugaban Mahdiyya na karni na 19, Hayatu ibn Sa'id, kuma wani mutum da ake ganin yana daya daga cikin fitattun wadanda mulkin mallaka ya rutsa da su. Shi ne shugaban kungiyar Mahdiyya, kuma ya dawo daga zaman tilas a kasar Kamaru . Abubakar ya shaku da koyarwar harkar Mahdiyya, a takaice ya zama mabiyi; Daga baya ya auri diyar Hayatu, Maryam. Duk da haka, ta rasu bayan ta haifi ɗa namiji. Dan Abubakar Gumi na farko ba Ahmad Abubakar ba ne, Dr Hamza Abubakar likita ne da ke aiki a yanzu haka a birnin Riyadh na kasar Saudiyya, sai kuma Manjo Janar Abdulkadir Abubakar (rtd) da kuma yaya mata biyu – daya ya auri marigayi Mai shari’a Muhammadu Bello, tsohon alkalin alkalai na tarayya, dayan kuma ta auri Sheik Sunusi Gumbi, sanannen malamin addinin musulunci kuma dalibin Abubakar Gumi. A 1949 Gumi ya sami aikin koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru, Sakkwato. Makarantar tana da wani shahararren malami mai suna [[Aminu Kano]], wanda shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar malamai ta Arewa kuma mai kula da wasu ‘yan [[Makarantar Islamiyya|makarantun musulmi]] . Aminu da Gumi sun yi cudanya tare da raba ra’ayoyi kan tasirin al’ummar gargajiya da addinin Musulunci, da kuma halin ko in kula ko goyon bayan da ‘yan’uwan Sufaye suke ba wa halin da ake ciki na [[Bida|Bidi’a]] . Ya bar Maru ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar koyon Larabci da ke Kano. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya zama malami na tsawon shekaru biyu a makarantar. Ya kuma halarci makarantar ilimi a Sudan. <ref name="Hunwick">John Owen Hunwick. ''Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan'', Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. {{ISBN|0-8101-1037-7}}</ref> A 1957 ya zama mai fassara ga gwamnatin Arewacin Najeriya kan al'amuran [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] . == Rikici == Abubakar Gumi yana da ra'ayi game da tsarin mulki da na addini na jami'an masarautu a Arewacin Najeriya. Rikicin akidarsa na farko da hukumomi shine a Maru. Rikici ya shafi aikin Tayamum . Babban Limamin Masallacin Maru ya kasance yana yin wanka da yashi (Tayammum) gabanin Sallah yayin da Gumi ya yi nuni da cewa Tayammu ana amfani da ita ne kawai idan ba a samu ruwa ba, kuma ana samun ruwa sosai a Maru . Gumi ya ci gaba da kalubalantar wannan al’ada, inda ya nemi dalibai da kada su fito don yin Sallah har sai Imam ya fasa yin Taimiyya. Sai dai Gumi wanda a baya ya rubuta kakkausar murya kan Sarkin Musulmi, yanzu ya samu Sarkin Musulmi yana sha’awar kokensa da babban limamin Maru. An kafa kwamitin bincike kan lamarin tare da goyon bayan Sarkin Musulmi. Sai dai da yake Gumi ya fi sanin aqidar Musulunci, haka nan kuma basirarsa ta gardama, sai hukumar ta yanke hukunci a kan Gumi. [1] Bayan samun nasara kadan a kan Sarkin Musulmi, Gumi ya yi amfani da hankalin da ya samu ta hanyar rubuta wata kasida mai mahimmanci a kan batun Musulmi, musamman Sarkin Musulmi, ya karbi mukaman Ingila . A lokacin, sannu a hankali ya fara ƙalubalantar imani da halaye na ayyuka a tsakanin al'ummar musulmi. [ abubuwan da ake bukata ] Wani harin da Gumi ya kai shi ne kungiyar [[Ahmadiyya]] karkashin jagorancin [[Jibril Martin]] . Yunkurin ya kasance manufa mai sauƙi ga Gumi, saboda wasu ra'ayoyin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar sun yi hannun riga da ainihin akidar Musulunci, kamar yadda wanda ya kafa ya sanya kansa a matsayin annabci . Daga baya Gumi ya fara fargabar wannan harkar ne sakamakon kwarewar tsarin kungiya na wanda ya assasa Najeriya, a hankali kungiyar ta shiga cikin hukumar alhazai ta yammacin Najeriya, sannan ta kafa makarantun almajirai a Kudu sannan kuma ya tashi zuwa arewa wajen yada manufofin Ahmadiyya. Gumi ya dauki wannan kalubale cikin sauki sannan aka dakile manufar kungiyar ta arewa. == Bayyanarshi a Kafafen yaɗa labarai == Sheik Gumi ya yi hajjin sa na farko zuwa Makka a shekarar 1955 kuma Ahmadu Bello ne ya hada shi da shi. Yayin da yake Makka ya yi tafsirin ayyukan addinin Musulunci tare da Bello da Sarki Sa'ud. Ya kuma sadu da dimbin al'ummar al'ummar musulmi ko kuma al'ummar musulmi a kasar Saudiyya, wadanda da yawa daga baya suka zama masu kyautata masa bayan rasuwar Ahmadu Bello a shekarar 1966. Da ya dawo Najeriya ya fara koyarwa a Makarantar Koyon Larabci da ke Kano da kuma wasu Makarantun Musulmi da kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam (JNI) ta kafa wacce ke kusa da birnin Kaduna. Babban bangare na koyarwarsa ya mayar da hankali kan bambance-bambancen al'ada da addini, da yadda za a fahimta da kuma rungumar asalin Musulunci. Ya kuma rubuta tafsirin kur'ani wanda akasari a kan sunna, ya kuma fassara kur'ani daga Larabci zuwa Hausa . Wannan tsari ya kai ga yada Littafi Mai Tsarki ga dimbin jama’ar Arewacin Najeriya, kuma ra’ayoyinsa da sakonsa kan muhimman koyarwar Musulunci sun fara samun dimbin masu sauraro. [1] Sai dai adawar da ya yi da manyan 'yan uwantakar Sufaye kamar Tijjaniyya da Qadiriyya ta jawo masa suka a kai a kai, kuma wasu daga cikin musulmi suka rika kai masa hari kan tafsirinsa; ya kan amsa da cewa su ci gaba da yin tafsirin nasu, idan ba sa son nasa. [1] A shekarun 1970 ya zama mai yawan fitowa a shirye-shiryen talabijin, musamman a lokutan bukukuwan Musulunci. "Lokacin da muka je wurin jifan shaiɗan (Jamra) sa'ilin aikin Hajji, sai mutanenmu suka riƙa yin wasu abubuwa marasa ma'ana. "Wasu suka riƙa nemo manyan duwatsu, wasu kuma suka riƙa cire takalmansu suna jifan jamrah, suna zage-zage da furta munanan kalamai, da sunan jifan shaiɗan." Wannan na daga cikin abubuwan da suka sanya Sheikh Abubakar Gumi ya yi yunƙuri a hukumance na sake faɗakar da mabiya addinin Musulunci a Najeriya yadda ake yin addini, bayan sanar da Firimiyan arewa na farko Ahmadu Bello, kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗaliban marigayin, Sheikh Yusuf Sambo Rigachikun ya tabbatar wa BBC. Wannan yunƙuri ya haifar da kafa wasu ƙungiyoyi guda biyu waɗanda suka jagoranci tafiyar da lamurran addinin Musulunci a Najeriya - Jama'atu Nasril Islam, sai kuma daga baya Jama'atu Izalatil Bidi'a wa Iqamatussunnah - lamarin da ya yi tasiri kan miliyoyin mabiya addinin a Najeriya. Shekara 33 bayan rasuwarsa, miliyoyin Musulmai a Najeriya na ci gaba da bin koyarwarsa, sannan ƙungiyoyin da ya jagoranci kafawa ne a gaba-gaba wajen yaɗawa da kuma tafiyar da al'amuran Musulunci a ƙasar. Baya ga Shehu Usman Danfodiyo, wanda ya yi jihadin sake ɗabbaƙa addinin Musulunci a ƙasar Hausa a farkon shekarun 1800, ana ganin cewa babu wani malami da koyarsa ta Musulunci ta yi tasiri a Najeriya kamar Abubakar Gumi. Wasu masana addini ma na ganin tasirin da Gumi ya yi "ta fi" ta Usman Danfodio, kasancewar a lokacinsa akwai hanyoyin sadarwa irin su talabijin da rediyo da hanyar wallafa litattafai da jaridu, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen yaɗa ayyukansa a ƙasar Hausa da maƙwafta. <ref>Bbc</ref> == Kawo sauyi == Tun kafin yunƙurin samar da ƙungiyoyin sake ilimantar da Musulman Najeriya kan ibada, Abubakar Gumi ya kasance mutum mai neman kawo sauyi, lamarin da ya sa ya yi ƙaurin suna tsakanin malamai da sarakuna har ma da turawan mulkin mallaka. A cikin littafinsa na Manufata, Gumi ya tuno yadda ya ƙalubalanci malaman addinin Musulunci waɗanda suke yin addini "yadda suka ga dama". Gumi ya ce "Sufanci ya zamo jiki a tsakanin al'umma ta yadda babu wanda ya damu ya binciki ko ya yi daidai da koyawar al-Ƙur'ani da hadisan annabi Muhammad". Irin wannan yunƙuri nasa ya fara jan hankali ne a lokacin da yake koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru a shekarar 1949. A lokacin ya fahimci yadda malaman addini da kuma sauran al'umma ke cakuɗa ibada da al'adu ko wasu abubuwa na daban. Limamin Juma'a na Maru a wancan lokaci ya kasance yana yin taimama domin yin sallah a maimakon alwala da ruwa, duk kuwa da wadatuwar ruwan da kuma rashin wata hujja ta yin taimamar. Bayan yunƙurin da ya yi na faɗakar da limamin game da 'haramcin' hakan, amma abin ya ci tura, Gumi ya hana ɗalibansa halartar sallar Juma'a a babban masallacin Maru, inda ya riƙa jan su sallah a cikin makaranta. A matsayin martani, sarkin Maru ya rubuta takardar ƙorafi kan Abubakar Gumi zuwa ga fadar sarkin Musulmi da kuma hukumomi turawan mulkin mallaka. Sai dai a ƙarshe Abubakar Gumi ne ya yi nasara ta hanyar gabatar da hujjoji masu ƙarfi da suka tabbatar da koyarwarsa. A game da turawan mulkin mallaka, Gumi ya ce "Idan na tuna ɓarnar da mulkin mallakar Birtaniya ya yi a ƙasarmu, nakan riƙa mamakin yadda mutanenmu suka kwashe tsawon shekaru ba tare da sun fahimci hakan ba. "Hatta a tsakanin masu iliminmu, ƙalilan ne suke tsayawa su fahimci yadda mulkin mallaka ya illa ga tunaninmu".<ref>bbc</ref> == Littafin da ya yamutsa hazo == Littafin da Abubakar Gumi ya rubuta a shekara ta 1972 mai taken 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha bi-Muwafaqat al-Shar'i' ya haifar da zazzafar muhawara tsakanin Musulman arewacin Najeriya sanadiyyar kakkausar sukar da littafin ya yi kan wasu ayyuka na masu bin akidar sufanci. A wannan lokaci kusan ɗaukacin Musulman Najeriya na bin tsari ne na ɗariƙa, wadda ta samo asali daga koyarwa irin ta sufanci. Da farko Abubakar Gumi ya ce ya rubuta littafin ne domin amfanin masu ilimi, kasancewar koyarwar littafin zai yi tsaurin fahimta ga mabiya, waɗanda iliminsu bai yi nisa ba. Sai dai a lokacin da ya tafi Saudiyya, sai Mallam Isma'ila Idris ya ɗauki littafin ya yi wa'azi da shi a birnin Kaduna, wani abu da ya haifar da ruɗani, abin da ya kai ga dole sai da ya ajiye aikinsa na gwamnati a matsayin malami. Bayan ajiye aiki, Mallam Idris ya shiga aikin soja, inda ya yi aiki a garuruwa da dama na Najeriya, kafin mayar da shi garin Jos, kuma duk inda ya je ya riƙa koyar da karatu ta hanyar amfani da littafin Sheikh Gumi na 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha'. Wannan ne ya haifar da ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar Izalatil Bidi'a wa iƙamatussunnah a birnin Jos. Da'awar Gumi na kira ga Musulmi su yi aiki da karantarwar al-Ƙur'ani da kuma Hadisan Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) kawai, wani abu da ake ganin ya kawo gagarumin sauyi a yadda ake tafiyar da ibada a Najeriya da wasu ƙasashen da ke maƙwaftaka a lokacin.<ref>bbc</ref> == Wane ne Abubakar Gumi? == An haifi Abubakar Mahmud Gumi ne ranar Juma'a 7 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1924, wadda ita ce Juma'a ta ƙarshe ta watan Ramadan na shekara ta 1344 bayan hijira, kamar yadda malamin ya bayyana a cikin litattafinsa. Shahararren malamin addinin Musulunci ne kuma masanin shari'a, wanda ya kai har matsayin Alkalin Alkalai (Grand kadi) na arewacin Najeriya. Ya fara samun ilimi ne a wajen mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi. Sunan mahaifinsa Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, wanda ake kiransa da Na-Gumi, saboda zaman da ya yi a garin Gumi bayan zama a wurare daban-daban na ƙasar Hausa, kamar Katsina, Borno da Dutse. Mahaifin Abubakar Gumi ya kasance babban malamin addinin Musulunci da shari'a, kuma ɗaya daga cikin malamai da aka fi girmamawa a yankin Sokoto da Zamfara da kuma Kebbi a zamaninsa. Kakan mahaifin Abubakar Gumi shi ne Sheikh Aliyu Barou el-Badawi, wanda ya fito daga ƙabilar Larabawa ta Bedouin, waɗanda aka sani da kiwo a yankin Larabawa da arewacin nahiyar Afirka. Babu cikakken bayani kan yadda ya isa yankin Sokoto, amma dai ana ganin zuwan sa ba ya rasa nasaba da ziyarar da Larabawa suka riƙa yi zuwa ƙasar Hausa bayan ƙarni na 15, lokacin da Musulunci ya samu karɓuwa a ƙasar Hausa. Sunan mahaifiyar Abubakar Gumi Hafsatu, ɗiyar Malam Adamu, wadda mahaifinsa ya aura lokacin da yake koyarwa a Jega.<ref>bbc</ref> == Karatu == Abubakar Gumi ya fara karatunsa ne a hannun mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, inda ya haddace al-Ƙur'ani sannan kuma ya yi karatun litattafai da dama. Bayan nan a shekara ta 1933 ya shiga makarantar boko ta Dogon Daji Elementary School, inda daga baya aka mayar da shi makarantar Middle da ke Sokoto a shekara ta 1936. Daga nan ne ya tafi makarantar ilimin shari'a ta Kano. Sannan a shekara ta 1952 ya zurfafa karatu a makarantar koyar da Larabci ta Kano. Daga nan ne kuma ya yi karatun babbar difloma a cibiyar ilimi ta Bakht al-Rida da ke Sudan daga shekarar 1955 zuwa 1956. A shekarar 1987, Gumi ya lashe kyautar Sarki Faisal kan hidima ga addinin Muslunci. Daga cikin abubuwan da suka sa ya cancanci lambar girmamawar su ne wa'azi da kuma koyar da addinin Musulunci, taimakawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam da fassara alƙur'ani zuwa harshen Hausa da kuma rubuta litattafai na addinin Musulunci.<ref>bbc</ref> == Ayyukan ilimi == Abubakar Gumi ya yi gagarumar hidima ta hanyar rubuce-rubuce da kuma fassarar litattafai na addini.<ref>Bbc</ref> Litattafan da ya rubuta waɗanda suka fi yin fice sun haɗa da:<ref>Bbc</ref> * Tafsirin Al-ƙur'ani na '''Rad al-Azhan ila Ma'ani al-Qur`an''' * Al-Aqidah al-Sahiha bi Muwafaqat al-Shari'a * Kitab al-Nasihaila Amir MantiqatKatsina * Manufata / Where I Stand * Hal al-Niza` fi Mas´alatNuzul Isa alaih al-Salatwa al-Salam * Musulunchi da Abinda ke Rushe Shi * Zad al-Haj * Kitab Maratib al-Islam * Kitab Manasik al-hajwa al-Umra '''Fassara:''' * Fassarar ma'anonin al-Ƙur'ani mai girma * Fassarar Hadisai Arba'in (al-Nawawi) * Fassarar littafin Nur al-Bab * Fassarar littafin Hidayat al-Tullab fiAhamMasail al-Din == Rasuwa == Sheikh Abubakar Mahmoud Gumi ya rasu ne a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1992, a birnin Landan na ƙasar Birtaniya. A lokacin da ya rasu, al'umma sun girgiza kasancerwar sa mutumin da ya samu karɓuwa a tsakanin shugabanni da masu sarauta da kuma sauran al'umma. Gumi ya kasance malami, alƙali kuma tsani tsakanin shugabanni da talakawa. Baya ga batun addini, Sheikh Gumi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ɓangaren mulki da kuma ayyukan gwamnati. Ya kasance mai kusanci sosai ga masu mulki, sannan ya riƙa ƙarfafa wa al'ummar arewacin Najeriya, musamman Musulmai gwiwa wajen shiga ayyukan gwamnati da karatun zamani. Tsarin koyarwarsa ya sha bamban, inda ake yaba masa wajen haƙuri tare da ƙoƙarin ganin al'umma sun fahimci abin da yake koyarwa.<ref>bbc</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gumi, Abubakar Mahmud}} gsn30uwbgmmydtgw5s8i3hhi6r73fve 829872 829871 2026-05-05T05:03:50Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829872 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Sultan Bello Mosque 05.jpg|thumb|Masallacin [[Masallacin Sarkin Musulmi Bello|Sultan Bello]] dake Kaduna inda Malam Abubakar Gummi ya yi limanci tare da gabatar da wa'azinsa.]] [[File:Abubakar Mahmoud Gummi.jpg|thumb|Malam Abubakar Gummi]] '''Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi''' (an haife shi a shekara 1962 –zuwa shekarar 1992)<ref name="HunwickO'Fahey1994">{{cite book|author1=John O. Hunwick|author2=Rex Séan O'Fahey|title=Arabic Literature of Africa: The writings of central Sudanic Africa Vol.2. Volume 13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nKXOThUEpcC&pg=PA551dq=Abubakar+Gummi+1922|year=1994|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-10494-1|page=551}}</ref> malamin Addinin Musulunci ne ɗan Najeriya kuma alƙalin alƙalai na yankin [[Arewacin Najeriya]], matsayin da ya sanya shi ya zama cibiyar tafsirin tsarin shari’a a yankin. Ya kasance na kusa da [[Ahmadu Bello]], Firimiyan Arewa a shekarun alif 1950 zuwa 1960 kuma ya zama Grand Khadi a shekara ta 1967, Kafin a soke wannan mukamin daga baya. Gummi ya fito a matsayin shugaba mai faɗa a ji a lokacin mulkin mallaka, inda yake ganin tsarin mulkin kai tsaye ya raunana ƙarfin addini na sarakuna da kuma ƙarfafa Turawan Yamma. Tun daga shekarun alif 1960 ne ake samun rigingimu tsakanin jama’a tsakaninsa da shugabannin ‘yan’uwantakar Sufaye, waɗanda daga baya ya yi muhawara a shirye-shiryen talabijin a shekarun alif 1970 zuwa shekara ta alif 1980. A wannan lokacin ya ci gaba da maida hankalinsa wajen gudanar da tarukan juma'a a cikin babban masallacin Kaduna ([[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]). Ya yi amfani da zaman wajen Farfaɗo da sukar da ya ke yi wa hukumomi bisa ga ra'ayinsa na koma baya ga tsarin tushen ko kuma buƙatar rungumar aikin tsafta na Musulunci. Ya kuma yi suka da kakkausar murya kan shigar sufanci. Yana da ’ya’ya da yawa, daga ciki akwai [[Ahmad Gummi|Dr. Ahmad Abubakar Gummi]] wanda ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin malamin babban masallacin Kaduna (Sultan Bello), Dakta Ahmad Gummi ƙwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] Zariya. kuma tsohon hafsan soji ne, ya bar aikin soja, ya yi tattaki zuwa jami'ar umm al-Qura da ke [[Makkah]], ƙasar [[Saudiyya]] inda ya yi karatun digirin digirgir (PhD). Gummi mabiyin mazhabar [[malikiyya]] ne, wannan ya samo asali ne ta hanyar rubuce-rubucen sa da suka haɗa da tafsirin alƙur'ani (Raddul azhaan ila ma'anil Ƙur'an). da sauran littafai kamar (hullu nizam ala nuzuul isa) da (Al-Aqidatus As-Saheehah bi muwafaqati ash- Shari'ah) da sauransu == Karatu == Ya yi karatu da rubuce-rubuce a kan addinin [[musulunci]] sosai, ya fassara [[Qur'an|Qur'ani]] zuwa [[Hausa|harshen Hausa]], kuma shi ne mutum na farko da ya rubuta tarjama wato fassarar ɗai-ɗaikun ayoyin dake Alkur'ani.<ref>John N. Paden, Muslim Civic Cultures and Conflict Resolution: the challenge of democratic federalism in Nigeria, Brookings Institution Press, 2005. p 60. ISBN 0-8157-6817-6</ref> Hakan ne ya sa ya samu nasarar samun kyautar Sarki Faisal(King Faisal Award), daga ƙasar saudiya. Malamin dai ya kasance babban aboki kuma mai ba wa Firimiya [[Ahmadu Bello]] Sardaunan Sakkwato shawara. Shi ne mahaifin Dakta Shaikh [[Ahmad Gumi]]. == Shahara == Gummi ya shahara tun lokacin mulkin mallakar Turawa a matsayin mai faɗa a ji, yana sukar salon Mulkin [[Turawa]], cewa ya karya lagon sarakunan Musulmi kuma hakan yana Ƙara karfafa al'adun Turai a ƙasashen musulunci. A farkon shekara ta 1960 an samu ɓarkewar rikici tsakanin sa da malaman sufaye wanda daga baya rikicin ya koma muhawara a gidajen rediyo da talabijin a shekarun 1970 zuwa shekara ta 1980.<ref>The Independent: "Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi" by Karl Maier 16 September 1992</ref> Ya riƙa amfani da ranakun Juma'a a matsayin lokutan yaɗa aƙidunsa a babban masallacin Juma'a na [[Kaduna]] mai suna [[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]. == Dangi == Abubakar Gummi ba a san takamaiman yawan yayansa ba, amma mafi shahara a cikinsu shi ne Dr. [[Ahmad Abubakar Gummi]] Wanda shi ne ya gaji Mahaifinsa a matsayin mai gabatar da wa'azi a masallacin na Sultan Bello dake Kaduna. Dr Ahmad Gummi kwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke [[Zariya]]. Kuma tsohon jami'in sojin Nijeriya ne, ya bar aikin soja inda ya tafi zuwa ƙasar Saudiyya domin karanta ilimin fiƙihu, a jami'ar [[Ummul Quraa]] da ke birnin [[Makkah|Makka]] inda ya samu shaidar digirin digir-gir.<ref>John Owen Hunwick. Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan, Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. ISBN 0-8101-1037-7</ref> [[File:Nigerian Public Domain 105.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Abubakar Gumi a shekarar 1970.]] == Tarihi == === Rayuwar farko da ilimi === An haifi Gumi a kauyen Gummi (yanzu karamar hukuma ce a jihar Zamfara ) a ranar Juma'ar karshe na watan Ramadan shekara ta 1344, ga iyalan Mahmud, malamin addinin Musulunci kuma Alkali (alkali) na Gummi. Iliminsa ya fara ne a bangon danginsa lokacin yana dalibin koyarwar addinin musulunci na mahaifinsa. Daga nan ya wuce makarantar da ke karkashin kulawar wani Malami mai suna Musa da ke Ambursa a lardin Sakkwato . A nan aka gabatar da shi ilimin Fiqhu da karanta littafai da waqoqin yabo ga Annabi. Makarantar boko ta farko da ya yi ita ce makarantar firamare ta Dogondaji, yayin da a makarantar firamare ya hadu da Sarkin Musulmi na 18 a nan gaba, Ibrahim Dasuki, kuma ya yi fice a harkokin addini. An nada shi Hakimin Salla (shugaban sallah) kuma an dora masa alhakin ciyar da dalibai ayyukan addini. A cikin shekara guda aka mayar da shi Makarantar Midil ta Sakkwato, inda Ahmadu Bello yake koyarwa. A nan ne ya saba da Shehu Shagari, da Waziri Muhammadu Junaidu, da Yahaya Gusau; na baya-bayan nan shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam, wata fitacciyar kungiyar Musulmi ta Najeriya . Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na secondary ya tafi [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] inda ya karanta fannin shari'a sannan ya samu horon Qadi . Ya fara aiki a matsayin magatakarda ga Qadi Attahiru amma ba da jimawa ba ya rasa nasaba da takamaiman aikinsa. Ya ba da darussa na sirri kan Musulunci da [[tafsiri]] a matsayin kubuta daga bacin ransa. Ya rasa mahaifinsa a shekara ta 1937 a lokacin da yake makarantar sakandare. Ya yi aure bayan shekara 3 da Maryama a shekarar 1941 yana dan shekara 19. <ref name="IndependentObit">{{Cite web |date=1992-09-15 |title=Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sheikh-abubakar-mahmud-gumi-1551628.html |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> === Farkon aiki === A shekarar 1947 Abubakar Gumi ya bar aikin sakatare na Qadi Attahiru ya tafi koyarwa a makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta Kano, wadda ya taba halarta a baya. A lokacin da yake Kano, ya hadu da Sheik Sa'id Hayatu, dan shugaban Mahdiyya na karni na 19, Hayatu ibn Sa'id, kuma wani mutum da ake ganin yana daya daga cikin fitattun wadanda mulkin mallaka ya rutsa da su. Shi ne shugaban kungiyar Mahdiyya, kuma ya dawo daga zaman tilas a kasar Kamaru . Abubakar ya shaku da koyarwar harkar Mahdiyya, a takaice ya zama mabiyi; Daga baya ya auri diyar Hayatu, Maryam. Duk da haka, ta rasu bayan ta haifi ɗa namiji. Dan Abubakar Gumi na farko ba Ahmad Abubakar ba ne, Dr Hamza Abubakar likita ne da ke aiki a yanzu haka a birnin Riyadh na kasar Saudiyya, sai kuma Manjo Janar Abdulkadir Abubakar (rtd) da kuma yaya mata biyu – daya ya auri marigayi Mai shari’a Muhammadu Bello, tsohon alkalin alkalai na tarayya, dayan kuma ta auri Sheik Sunusi Gumbi, sanannen malamin addinin musulunci kuma dalibin Abubakar Gumi. A 1949 Gumi ya sami aikin koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru, Sakkwato. Makarantar tana da wani shahararren malami mai suna [[Aminu Kano]], wanda shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar malamai ta Arewa kuma mai kula da wasu ‘yan [[Makarantar Islamiyya|makarantun musulmi]] . Aminu da Gumi sun yi cudanya tare da raba ra’ayoyi kan tasirin al’ummar gargajiya da addinin Musulunci, da kuma halin ko in kula ko goyon bayan da ‘yan’uwan Sufaye suke ba wa halin da ake ciki na [[Bida|Bidi’a]] . Ya bar Maru ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar koyon Larabci da ke Kano. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya zama malami na tsawon shekaru biyu a makarantar. Ya kuma halarci makarantar ilimi a Sudan. <ref name="Hunwick">John Owen Hunwick. ''Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan'', Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. {{ISBN|0-8101-1037-7}}</ref> A 1957 ya zama mai fassara ga gwamnatin Arewacin Najeriya kan al'amuran [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] . == Rikici == Abubakar Gumi yana da ra'ayi game da tsarin mulki da na addini na jami'an masarautu a Arewacin Najeriya. Rikicin akidarsa na farko da hukumomi shine a Maru. Rikici ya shafi aikin Tayamum . Babban Limamin Masallacin Maru ya kasance yana yin wanka da yashi (Tayammum) gabanin Sallah yayin da Gumi ya yi nuni da cewa Tayammu ana amfani da ita ne kawai idan ba a samu ruwa ba, kuma ana samun ruwa sosai a Maru . Gumi ya ci gaba da kalubalantar wannan al’ada, inda ya nemi dalibai da kada su fito don yin Sallah har sai Imam ya fasa yin Taimiyya. Sai dai Gumi wanda a baya ya rubuta kakkausar murya kan Sarkin Musulmi, yanzu ya samu Sarkin Musulmi yana sha’awar kokensa da babban limamin Maru. An kafa kwamitin bincike kan lamarin tare da goyon bayan Sarkin Musulmi. Sai dai da yake Gumi ya fi sanin aqidar Musulunci, haka nan kuma basirarsa ta gardama, sai hukumar ta yanke hukunci a kan Gumi. [1] Bayan samun nasara kadan a kan Sarkin Musulmi, Gumi ya yi amfani da hankalin da ya samu ta hanyar rubuta wata kasida mai mahimmanci a kan batun Musulmi, musamman Sarkin Musulmi, ya karbi mukaman Ingila . A lokacin, sannu a hankali ya fara ƙalubalantar imani da halaye na ayyuka a tsakanin al'ummar musulmi. [ abubuwan da ake bukata ] Wani harin da Gumi ya kai shi ne kungiyar [[Ahmadiyya]] karkashin jagorancin [[Jibril Martin]] . Yunkurin ya kasance manufa mai sauƙi ga Gumi, saboda wasu ra'ayoyin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar sun yi hannun riga da ainihin akidar Musulunci, kamar yadda wanda ya kafa ya sanya kansa a matsayin annabci . Daga baya Gumi ya fara fargabar wannan harkar ne sakamakon kwarewar tsarin kungiya na wanda ya assasa Najeriya, a hankali kungiyar ta shiga cikin hukumar alhazai ta yammacin Najeriya, sannan ta kafa makarantun almajirai a Kudu sannan kuma ya tashi zuwa arewa wajen yada manufofin Ahmadiyya. Gumi ya dauki wannan kalubale cikin sauki sannan aka dakile manufar kungiyar ta arewa. == Bayyanarshi a Kafafen yaɗa labarai == Sheik Gumi ya yi hajjin sa na farko zuwa Makka a shekarar 1955 kuma Ahmadu Bello ne ya hada shi da shi. Yayin da yake Makka ya yi tafsirin ayyukan addinin Musulunci tare da Bello da Sarki Sa'ud. Ya kuma sadu da dimbin al'ummar al'ummar musulmi ko kuma al'ummar musulmi a kasar Saudiyya, wadanda da yawa daga baya suka zama masu kyautata masa bayan rasuwar Ahmadu Bello a shekarar 1966. Da ya dawo Najeriya ya fara koyarwa a Makarantar Koyon Larabci da ke Kano da kuma wasu Makarantun Musulmi da kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam (JNI) ta kafa wacce ke kusa da birnin Kaduna. Babban bangare na koyarwarsa ya mayar da hankali kan bambance-bambancen al'ada da addini, da yadda za a fahimta da kuma rungumar asalin Musulunci. Ya kuma rubuta tafsirin kur'ani wanda akasari a kan sunna, ya kuma fassara kur'ani daga Larabci zuwa Hausa . Wannan tsari ya kai ga yada Littafi Mai Tsarki ga dimbin jama’ar Arewacin Najeriya, kuma ra’ayoyinsa da sakonsa kan muhimman koyarwar Musulunci sun fara samun dimbin masu sauraro. [1] Sai dai adawar da ya yi da manyan 'yan uwantakar Sufaye kamar Tijjaniyya da Qadiriyya ta jawo masa suka a kai a kai, kuma wasu daga cikin musulmi suka rika kai masa hari kan tafsirinsa; ya kan amsa da cewa su ci gaba da yin tafsirin nasu, idan ba sa son nasa. [1] A shekarun 1970 ya zama mai yawan fitowa a shirye-shiryen talabijin, musamman a lokutan bukukuwan Musulunci. "Lokacin da muka je wurin jifan shaiɗan (Jamra) sa'ilin aikin Hajji, sai mutanenmu suka riƙa yin wasu abubuwa marasa ma'ana. "Wasu suka riƙa nemo manyan duwatsu, wasu kuma suka riƙa cire takalmansu suna jifan jamrah, suna zage-zage da furta munanan kalamai, da sunan jifan shaiɗan." Wannan na daga cikin abubuwan da suka sanya Sheikh Abubakar Gumi ya yi yunƙuri a hukumance na sake faɗakar da mabiya addinin Musulunci a Najeriya yadda ake yin addini, bayan sanar da Firimiyan arewa na farko Ahmadu Bello, kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗaliban marigayin, Sheikh Yusuf Sambo Rigachikun ya tabbatar wa BBC. Wannan yunƙuri ya haifar da kafa wasu ƙungiyoyi guda biyu waɗanda suka jagoranci tafiyar da lamurran addinin Musulunci a Najeriya - Jama'atu Nasril Islam, sai kuma daga baya Jama'atu Izalatil Bidi'a wa Iqamatussunnah - lamarin da ya yi tasiri kan miliyoyin mabiya addinin a Najeriya. Shekara 33 bayan rasuwarsa, miliyoyin Musulmai a Najeriya na ci gaba da bin koyarwarsa, sannan ƙungiyoyin da ya jagoranci kafawa ne a gaba-gaba wajen yaɗawa da kuma tafiyar da al'amuran Musulunci a ƙasar. Baya ga Shehu Usman Danfodiyo, wanda ya yi jihadin sake ɗabbaƙa addinin Musulunci a ƙasar Hausa a farkon shekarun 1800, ana ganin cewa babu wani malami da koyarsa ta Musulunci ta yi tasiri a Najeriya kamar Abubakar Gumi. Wasu masana addini ma na ganin tasirin da Gumi ya yi "ta fi" ta Usman Danfodio, kasancewar a lokacinsa akwai hanyoyin sadarwa irin su talabijin da rediyo da hanyar wallafa litattafai da jaridu, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen yaɗa ayyukansa a ƙasar Hausa da maƙwafta. <ref>Bbc</ref> == Kawo sauyi == Tun kafin yunƙurin samar da ƙungiyoyin sake ilimantar da Musulman Najeriya kan ibada, Abubakar Gumi ya kasance mutum mai neman kawo sauyi, lamarin da ya sa ya yi ƙaurin suna tsakanin malamai da sarakuna har ma da turawan mulkin mallaka. A cikin littafinsa na Manufata, Gumi ya tuno yadda ya ƙalubalanci malaman addinin Musulunci waɗanda suke yin addini "yadda suka ga dama". Gumi ya ce "Sufanci ya zamo jiki a tsakanin al'umma ta yadda babu wanda ya damu ya binciki ko ya yi daidai da koyawar al-Ƙur'ani da hadisan annabi Muhammad". Irin wannan yunƙuri nasa ya fara jan hankali ne a lokacin da yake koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru a shekarar 1949. A lokacin ya fahimci yadda malaman addini da kuma sauran al'umma ke cakuɗa ibada da al'adu ko wasu abubuwa na daban. Limamin Juma'a na Maru a wancan lokaci ya kasance yana yin taimama domin yin sallah a maimakon alwala da ruwa, duk kuwa da wadatuwar ruwan da kuma rashin wata hujja ta yin taimamar. Bayan yunƙurin da ya yi na faɗakar da limamin game da 'haramcin' hakan, amma abin ya ci tura, Gumi ya hana ɗalibansa halartar sallar Juma'a a babban masallacin Maru, inda ya riƙa jan su sallah a cikin makaranta. A matsayin martani, sarkin Maru ya rubuta takardar ƙorafi kan Abubakar Gumi zuwa ga fadar sarkin Musulmi da kuma hukumomi turawan mulkin mallaka. Sai dai a ƙarshe Abubakar Gumi ne ya yi nasara ta hanyar gabatar da hujjoji masu ƙarfi da suka tabbatar da koyarwarsa. A game da turawan mulkin mallaka, Gumi ya ce "Idan na tuna ɓarnar da mulkin mallakar Birtaniya ya yi a ƙasarmu, nakan riƙa mamakin yadda mutanenmu suka kwashe tsawon shekaru ba tare da sun fahimci hakan ba. "Hatta a tsakanin masu iliminmu, ƙalilan ne suke tsayawa su fahimci yadda mulkin mallaka ya illa ga tunaninmu".<ref>bbc</ref> == Littafin da ya yamutsa hazo == Littafin da Abubakar Gumi ya rubuta a shekara ta 1972 mai taken 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha bi-Muwafaqat al-Shar'i' ya haifar da zazzafar muhawara tsakanin Musulman arewacin Najeriya sanadiyyar kakkausar sukar da littafin ya yi kan wasu ayyuka na masu bin akidar sufanci. A wannan lokaci kusan ɗaukacin Musulman Najeriya na bin tsari ne na ɗariƙa, wadda ta samo asali daga koyarwa irin ta sufanci. Da farko Abubakar Gumi ya ce ya rubuta littafin ne domin amfanin masu ilimi, kasancewar koyarwar littafin zai yi tsaurin fahimta ga mabiya, waɗanda iliminsu bai yi nisa ba. Sai dai a lokacin da ya tafi Saudiyya, sai Mallam Isma'ila Idris ya ɗauki littafin ya yi wa'azi da shi a birnin Kaduna, wani abu da ya haifar da ruɗani, abin da ya kai ga dole sai da ya ajiye aikinsa na gwamnati a matsayin malami. Bayan ajiye aiki, Mallam Idris ya shiga aikin soja, inda ya yi aiki a garuruwa da dama na Najeriya, kafin mayar da shi garin Jos, kuma duk inda ya je ya riƙa koyar da karatu ta hanyar amfani da littafin Sheikh Gumi na 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha'. Wannan ne ya haifar da ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar Izalatil Bidi'a wa iƙamatussunnah a birnin Jos. Da'awar Gumi na kira ga Musulmi su yi aiki da karantarwar al-Ƙur'ani da kuma Hadisan Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) kawai, wani abu da ake ganin ya kawo gagarumin sauyi a yadda ake tafiyar da ibada a Najeriya da wasu ƙasashen da ke maƙwaftaka a lokacin.<ref>bbc</ref> == Wane ne Abubakar Gumi? == An haifi Abubakar Mahmud Gumi ne ranar Juma'a 7 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1924, wadda ita ce Juma'a ta ƙarshe ta watan Ramadan na shekara ta 1344 bayan hijira, kamar yadda malamin ya bayyana a cikin litattafinsa. Shahararren malamin addinin Musulunci ne kuma masanin shari'a, wanda ya kai har matsayin Alkalin Alkalai (Grand kadi) na arewacin Najeriya. Ya fara samun ilimi ne a wajen mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi. Sunan mahaifinsa Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, wanda ake kiransa da Na-Gumi, saboda zaman da ya yi a garin Gumi bayan zama a wurare daban-daban na ƙasar Hausa, kamar Katsina, Borno da Dutse. Mahaifin Abubakar Gumi ya kasance babban malamin addinin Musulunci da shari'a, kuma ɗaya daga cikin malamai da aka fi girmamawa a yankin Sokoto da Zamfara da kuma Kebbi a zamaninsa. Kakan mahaifin Abubakar Gumi shi ne Sheikh Aliyu Barou el-Badawi, wanda ya fito daga ƙabilar Larabawa ta Bedouin, waɗanda aka sani da kiwo a yankin Larabawa da arewacin nahiyar Afirka. Babu cikakken bayani kan yadda ya isa yankin Sokoto, amma dai ana ganin zuwan sa ba ya rasa nasaba da ziyarar da Larabawa suka riƙa yi zuwa ƙasar Hausa bayan ƙarni na 15, lokacin da Musulunci ya samu karɓuwa a ƙasar Hausa. Sunan mahaifiyar Abubakar Gumi Hafsatu, ɗiyar Malam Adamu, wadda mahaifinsa ya aura lokacin da yake koyarwa a Jega.<ref>bbc</ref> == Karatu == Abubakar Gumi ya fara karatunsa ne a hannun mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, inda ya haddace al-Ƙur'ani sannan kuma ya yi karatun litattafai da dama. Bayan nan a shekara ta 1933 ya shiga makarantar boko ta Dogon Daji Elementary School, inda daga baya aka mayar da shi makarantar Middle da ke Sokoto a shekara ta 1936. Daga nan ne ya tafi makarantar ilimin shari'a ta Kano. Sannan a shekara ta 1952 ya zurfafa karatu a makarantar koyar da Larabci ta Kano. Daga nan ne kuma ya yi karatun babbar difloma a cibiyar ilimi ta Bakht al-Rida da ke Sudan daga shekarar 1955 zuwa 1956. A shekarar 1987, Gumi ya lashe kyautar Sarki Faisal kan hidima ga addinin Muslunci. Daga cikin abubuwan da suka sa ya cancanci lambar girmamawar su ne wa'azi da kuma koyar da addinin Musulunci, taimakawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam da fassara alƙur'ani zuwa harshen Hausa da kuma rubuta litattafai na addinin Musulunci.<ref>bbc</ref> == Ayyukan ilimi == Abubakar Gumi ya yi gagarumar hidima ta hanyar rubuce-rubuce da kuma fassarar litattafai na addini.<ref>Bbc</ref> Litattafan da ya rubuta waɗanda suka fi yin fice sun haɗa da:<ref>Bbc</ref> * Tafsirin Al-ƙur'ani na '''Rad al-Azhan ila Ma'ani al-Qur`an''' * Al-Aqidah al-Sahiha bi Muwafaqat al-Shari'a * Kitab al-Nasihaila Amir MantiqatKatsina * Manufata / Where I Stand * Hal al-Niza` fi Mas´alatNuzul Isa alaih al-Salatwa al-Salam * Musulunchi da Abinda ke Rushe Shi * Zad al-Haj * Kitab Maratib al-Islam * Kitab Manasik al-hajwa al-Umra '''Fassara:''' * Fassarar ma'anonin al-Ƙur'ani mai girma * Fassarar Hadisai Arba'in (al-Nawawi) * Fassarar littafin Nur al-Bab * Fassarar littafin Hidayat al-Tullab fiAhamMasail al-Din == Rasuwa == Sheikh Abubakar Mahmoud Gumi ya rasu ne a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1992, a birnin Landan na ƙasar Birtaniya. A lokacin da ya rasu, al'umma sun girgiza kasancerwar sa mutumin da ya samu karɓuwa a tsakanin shugabanni da masu sarauta da kuma sauran al'umma. Gumi ya kasance malami, alƙali kuma tsani tsakanin shugabanni da talakawa. Baya ga batun addini, Sheikh Gumi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ɓangaren mulki da kuma ayyukan gwamnati. Ya kasance mai kusanci sosai ga masu mulki, sannan ya riƙa ƙarfafa wa al'ummar arewacin Najeriya, musamman Musulmai gwiwa wajen shiga ayyukan gwamnati da karatun zamani. Tsarin koyarwarsa ya sha bamban, inda ake yaba masa wajen haƙuri tare da ƙoƙarin ganin al'umma sun fahimci abin da yake koyarwa.<ref>bbc</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gumi, Abubakar Mahmud}} 2tsvrn7fjrix2x04gk17duzchto9es4 829874 829872 2026-05-05T05:04:29Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829874 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Sultan Bello Mosque 05.jpg|thumb|Masallacin [[Masallacin Sarkin Musulmi Bello|Sultan Bello]] dake Kaduna inda Malam Abubakar Gummi ya yi limanci tare da gabatar da wa'azinsa.]] [[File:Abubakar Mahmoud Gummi.jpg|thumb|Malam Abubakar Gummi]] '''Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi''' (an haife shi a shekara 1962 –zuwa shekarar 1992)<ref name="HunwickO'Fahey1994">{{cite book|author1=John O. Hunwick|author2=Rex Séan O'Fahey|title=Arabic Literature of Africa: The writings of central Sudanic Africa Vol.2. Volume 13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nKXOThUEpcC&pg=PA551dq=Abubakar+Gummi+1922|year=1994|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-10494-1|page=551}}</ref> malamin Addinin Musulunci ne ɗan Najeriya kuma alƙalin alƙalai na yankin [[Arewacin Najeriya]], matsayin da ya sanya shi ya zama cibiyar tafsirin tsarin shari’a a yankin. Ya kasance na kusa da [[Ahmadu Bello]], Firimiyan Arewa a shekarun alif 1950 zuwa 1960 kuma ya zama Grand Khadi a shekara ta 1967, Kafin a soke wannan mukamin daga baya. Gummi ya fito a matsayin shugaba mai faɗa a ji a lokacin mulkin mallaka, inda yake ganin tsarin mulkin kai tsaye ya raunana ƙarfin addini na sarakuna da kuma ƙarfafa Turawan Yamma. Tun daga shekarun alif 1960 ne ake samun rigingimu tsakanin jama’a tsakaninsa da shugabannin ‘yan’uwantakar Sufaye, waɗanda daga baya ya yi muhawara a shirye-shiryen talabijin a shekarun alif 1970 zuwa shekara ta alif 1980. A wannan lokacin ya ci gaba da maida hankalinsa wajen gudanar da tarukan juma'a a cikin babban masallacin Kaduna ([[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]). Ya yi amfani da zaman wajen Farfaɗo da sukar da ya ke yi wa hukumomi bisa ga ra'ayinsa na koma baya ga tsarin tushen ko kuma buƙatar rungumar aikin tsafta na Musulunci. Ya kuma yi suka da kakkausar murya kan shigar sufanci. Yana da ’ya’ya da yawa, daga ciki akwai [[Ahmad Gummi|Dr. Ahmad Abubakar Gummi]] wanda ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin malamin babban masallacin Kaduna (Sultan Bello), Dakta Ahmad Gummi ƙwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] Zariya. kuma tsohon hafsan soji ne, ya bar aikin soja, ya yi tattaki zuwa jami'ar umm al-Qura da ke [[Makkah]], ƙasar [[Saudiyya]] inda ya yi karatun digirin digirgir (PhD). Gummi mabiyin mazhabar [[malikiyya]] ne, wannan ya samo asali ne ta hanyar rubuce-rubucen sa da suka haɗa da tafsirin alƙur'ani (Raddul azhaan ila ma'anil Ƙur'an). da sauran littafai kamar (hullu nizam ala nuzuul isa) da (Al-Aqidatus As-Saheehah bi muwafaqati ash- Shari'ah) da sauransu == Karatu == Ya yi karatu da rubuce-rubuce a kan addinin [[musulunci]] sosai, ya fassara [[Qur'an|Qur'ani]] zuwa [[Hausa|harshen Hausa]], kuma shi ne mutum na farko da ya rubuta tarjama wato fassarar ɗai-ɗaikun ayoyin dake Alkur'ani.<ref>John N. Paden, Muslim Civic Cultures and Conflict Resolution: the challenge of democratic federalism in Nigeria, Brookings Institution Press, 2005. p 60. ISBN 0-8157-6817-6</ref> Hakan ne ya sa ya samu nasarar samun kyautar Sarki Faisal(King Faisal Award), daga ƙasar saudiya. Malamin dai ya kasance babban aboki kuma mai ba wa Firimiya [[Ahmadu Bello]] Sardaunan Sakkwato shawara. Shi ne mahaifin Dakta Shaikh [[Ahmad Gumi]]. == Shahara == Gummi ya shahara tun lokacin mulkin mallakar Turawa a matsayin mai faɗa a ji, yana sukar salon Mulkin [[Turawa]], cewa ya karya lagon sarakunan Musulmi kuma hakan yana Ƙara karfafa al'adun Turai a ƙasashen musulunci. A farkon shekara ta 1960 an samu ɓarkewar rikici tsakanin sa da malaman sufaye wanda daga baya rikicin ya koma muhawara a gidajen rediyo da talabijin a shekarun 1970 zuwa shekara ta 1980.<ref>The Independent: "Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi" by Karl Maier 16 September 1992</ref> Ya riƙa amfani da ranakun Juma'a a matsayin lokutan yaɗa aƙidunsa a babban masallacin Juma'a na [[Kaduna]] mai suna [[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]. == Dangi == Abubakar Gummi ba a san takamaiman yawan yayansa ba, amma mafi shahara a cikinsu shi ne Dr. [[Ahmad Abubakar Gummi]] Wanda shi ne ya gaji Mahaifinsa a matsayin mai gabatar da wa'azi a masallacin na Sultan Bello dake Kaduna. Dr Ahmad Gummi ƙwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke [[Zariya]]. Kuma tsohon jami'in sojin Nijeriya ne, ya bar aikin soja inda ya tafi zuwa ƙasar Saudiyya domin karanta ilimin fiƙihu, a jami'ar [[Ummul Quraa]] da ke birnin [[Makkah|Makka]] inda ya samu shaidar digirin digir-gir.<ref>John Owen Hunwick. Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan, Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. ISBN 0-8101-1037-7</ref> [[File:Nigerian Public Domain 105.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Abubakar Gumi a shekarar 1970.]] == Tarihi == === Rayuwar farko da ilimi === An haifi Gumi a kauyen Gummi (yanzu karamar hukuma ce a jihar Zamfara ) a ranar Juma'ar karshe na watan Ramadan shekara ta 1344, ga iyalan Mahmud, malamin addinin Musulunci kuma Alkali (alkali) na Gummi. Iliminsa ya fara ne a bangon danginsa lokacin yana dalibin koyarwar addinin musulunci na mahaifinsa. Daga nan ya wuce makarantar da ke karkashin kulawar wani Malami mai suna Musa da ke Ambursa a lardin Sakkwato . A nan aka gabatar da shi ilimin Fiqhu da karanta littafai da waqoqin yabo ga Annabi. Makarantar boko ta farko da ya yi ita ce makarantar firamare ta Dogondaji, yayin da a makarantar firamare ya hadu da Sarkin Musulmi na 18 a nan gaba, Ibrahim Dasuki, kuma ya yi fice a harkokin addini. An nada shi Hakimin Salla (shugaban sallah) kuma an dora masa alhakin ciyar da dalibai ayyukan addini. A cikin shekara guda aka mayar da shi Makarantar Midil ta Sakkwato, inda Ahmadu Bello yake koyarwa. A nan ne ya saba da Shehu Shagari, da Waziri Muhammadu Junaidu, da Yahaya Gusau; na baya-bayan nan shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam, wata fitacciyar kungiyar Musulmi ta Najeriya . Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na secondary ya tafi [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] inda ya karanta fannin shari'a sannan ya samu horon Qadi . Ya fara aiki a matsayin magatakarda ga Qadi Attahiru amma ba da jimawa ba ya rasa nasaba da takamaiman aikinsa. Ya ba da darussa na sirri kan Musulunci da [[tafsiri]] a matsayin kubuta daga bacin ransa. Ya rasa mahaifinsa a shekara ta 1937 a lokacin da yake makarantar sakandare. Ya yi aure bayan shekara 3 da Maryama a shekarar 1941 yana dan shekara 19. <ref name="IndependentObit">{{Cite web |date=1992-09-15 |title=Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sheikh-abubakar-mahmud-gumi-1551628.html |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> === Farkon aiki === A shekarar 1947 Abubakar Gumi ya bar aikin sakatare na Qadi Attahiru ya tafi koyarwa a makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta Kano, wadda ya taba halarta a baya. A lokacin da yake Kano, ya hadu da Sheik Sa'id Hayatu, dan shugaban Mahdiyya na karni na 19, Hayatu ibn Sa'id, kuma wani mutum da ake ganin yana daya daga cikin fitattun wadanda mulkin mallaka ya rutsa da su. Shi ne shugaban kungiyar Mahdiyya, kuma ya dawo daga zaman tilas a kasar Kamaru . Abubakar ya shaku da koyarwar harkar Mahdiyya, a takaice ya zama mabiyi; Daga baya ya auri diyar Hayatu, Maryam. Duk da haka, ta rasu bayan ta haifi ɗa namiji. Dan Abubakar Gumi na farko ba Ahmad Abubakar ba ne, Dr Hamza Abubakar likita ne da ke aiki a yanzu haka a birnin Riyadh na kasar Saudiyya, sai kuma Manjo Janar Abdulkadir Abubakar (rtd) da kuma yaya mata biyu – daya ya auri marigayi Mai shari’a Muhammadu Bello, tsohon alkalin alkalai na tarayya, dayan kuma ta auri Sheik Sunusi Gumbi, sanannen malamin addinin musulunci kuma dalibin Abubakar Gumi. A 1949 Gumi ya sami aikin koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru, Sakkwato. Makarantar tana da wani shahararren malami mai suna [[Aminu Kano]], wanda shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar malamai ta Arewa kuma mai kula da wasu ‘yan [[Makarantar Islamiyya|makarantun musulmi]] . Aminu da Gumi sun yi cudanya tare da raba ra’ayoyi kan tasirin al’ummar gargajiya da addinin Musulunci, da kuma halin ko in kula ko goyon bayan da ‘yan’uwan Sufaye suke ba wa halin da ake ciki na [[Bida|Bidi’a]] . Ya bar Maru ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar koyon Larabci da ke Kano. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya zama malami na tsawon shekaru biyu a makarantar. Ya kuma halarci makarantar ilimi a Sudan. <ref name="Hunwick">John Owen Hunwick. ''Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan'', Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. {{ISBN|0-8101-1037-7}}</ref> A 1957 ya zama mai fassara ga gwamnatin Arewacin Najeriya kan al'amuran [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] . == Rikici == Abubakar Gumi yana da ra'ayi game da tsarin mulki da na addini na jami'an masarautu a Arewacin Najeriya. Rikicin akidarsa na farko da hukumomi shine a Maru. Rikici ya shafi aikin Tayamum . Babban Limamin Masallacin Maru ya kasance yana yin wanka da yashi (Tayammum) gabanin Sallah yayin da Gumi ya yi nuni da cewa Tayammu ana amfani da ita ne kawai idan ba a samu ruwa ba, kuma ana samun ruwa sosai a Maru . Gumi ya ci gaba da kalubalantar wannan al’ada, inda ya nemi dalibai da kada su fito don yin Sallah har sai Imam ya fasa yin Taimiyya. Sai dai Gumi wanda a baya ya rubuta kakkausar murya kan Sarkin Musulmi, yanzu ya samu Sarkin Musulmi yana sha’awar kokensa da babban limamin Maru. An kafa kwamitin bincike kan lamarin tare da goyon bayan Sarkin Musulmi. Sai dai da yake Gumi ya fi sanin aqidar Musulunci, haka nan kuma basirarsa ta gardama, sai hukumar ta yanke hukunci a kan Gumi. [1] Bayan samun nasara kadan a kan Sarkin Musulmi, Gumi ya yi amfani da hankalin da ya samu ta hanyar rubuta wata kasida mai mahimmanci a kan batun Musulmi, musamman Sarkin Musulmi, ya karbi mukaman Ingila . A lokacin, sannu a hankali ya fara ƙalubalantar imani da halaye na ayyuka a tsakanin al'ummar musulmi. [ abubuwan da ake bukata ] Wani harin da Gumi ya kai shi ne kungiyar [[Ahmadiyya]] karkashin jagorancin [[Jibril Martin]] . Yunkurin ya kasance manufa mai sauƙi ga Gumi, saboda wasu ra'ayoyin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar sun yi hannun riga da ainihin akidar Musulunci, kamar yadda wanda ya kafa ya sanya kansa a matsayin annabci . Daga baya Gumi ya fara fargabar wannan harkar ne sakamakon kwarewar tsarin kungiya na wanda ya assasa Najeriya, a hankali kungiyar ta shiga cikin hukumar alhazai ta yammacin Najeriya, sannan ta kafa makarantun almajirai a Kudu sannan kuma ya tashi zuwa arewa wajen yada manufofin Ahmadiyya. Gumi ya dauki wannan kalubale cikin sauki sannan aka dakile manufar kungiyar ta arewa. == Bayyanarshi a Kafafen yaɗa labarai == Sheik Gumi ya yi hajjin sa na farko zuwa Makka a shekarar 1955 kuma Ahmadu Bello ne ya hada shi da shi. Yayin da yake Makka ya yi tafsirin ayyukan addinin Musulunci tare da Bello da Sarki Sa'ud. Ya kuma sadu da dimbin al'ummar al'ummar musulmi ko kuma al'ummar musulmi a kasar Saudiyya, wadanda da yawa daga baya suka zama masu kyautata masa bayan rasuwar Ahmadu Bello a shekarar 1966. Da ya dawo Najeriya ya fara koyarwa a Makarantar Koyon Larabci da ke Kano da kuma wasu Makarantun Musulmi da kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam (JNI) ta kafa wacce ke kusa da birnin Kaduna. Babban bangare na koyarwarsa ya mayar da hankali kan bambance-bambancen al'ada da addini, da yadda za a fahimta da kuma rungumar asalin Musulunci. Ya kuma rubuta tafsirin kur'ani wanda akasari a kan sunna, ya kuma fassara kur'ani daga Larabci zuwa Hausa . Wannan tsari ya kai ga yada Littafi Mai Tsarki ga dimbin jama’ar Arewacin Najeriya, kuma ra’ayoyinsa da sakonsa kan muhimman koyarwar Musulunci sun fara samun dimbin masu sauraro. [1] Sai dai adawar da ya yi da manyan 'yan uwantakar Sufaye kamar Tijjaniyya da Qadiriyya ta jawo masa suka a kai a kai, kuma wasu daga cikin musulmi suka rika kai masa hari kan tafsirinsa; ya kan amsa da cewa su ci gaba da yin tafsirin nasu, idan ba sa son nasa. [1] A shekarun 1970 ya zama mai yawan fitowa a shirye-shiryen talabijin, musamman a lokutan bukukuwan Musulunci. "Lokacin da muka je wurin jifan shaiɗan (Jamra) sa'ilin aikin Hajji, sai mutanenmu suka riƙa yin wasu abubuwa marasa ma'ana. "Wasu suka riƙa nemo manyan duwatsu, wasu kuma suka riƙa cire takalmansu suna jifan jamrah, suna zage-zage da furta munanan kalamai, da sunan jifan shaiɗan." Wannan na daga cikin abubuwan da suka sanya Sheikh Abubakar Gumi ya yi yunƙuri a hukumance na sake faɗakar da mabiya addinin Musulunci a Najeriya yadda ake yin addini, bayan sanar da Firimiyan arewa na farko Ahmadu Bello, kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗaliban marigayin, Sheikh Yusuf Sambo Rigachikun ya tabbatar wa BBC. Wannan yunƙuri ya haifar da kafa wasu ƙungiyoyi guda biyu waɗanda suka jagoranci tafiyar da lamurran addinin Musulunci a Najeriya - Jama'atu Nasril Islam, sai kuma daga baya Jama'atu Izalatil Bidi'a wa Iqamatussunnah - lamarin da ya yi tasiri kan miliyoyin mabiya addinin a Najeriya. Shekara 33 bayan rasuwarsa, miliyoyin Musulmai a Najeriya na ci gaba da bin koyarwarsa, sannan ƙungiyoyin da ya jagoranci kafawa ne a gaba-gaba wajen yaɗawa da kuma tafiyar da al'amuran Musulunci a ƙasar. Baya ga Shehu Usman Danfodiyo, wanda ya yi jihadin sake ɗabbaƙa addinin Musulunci a ƙasar Hausa a farkon shekarun 1800, ana ganin cewa babu wani malami da koyarsa ta Musulunci ta yi tasiri a Najeriya kamar Abubakar Gumi. Wasu masana addini ma na ganin tasirin da Gumi ya yi "ta fi" ta Usman Danfodio, kasancewar a lokacinsa akwai hanyoyin sadarwa irin su talabijin da rediyo da hanyar wallafa litattafai da jaridu, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen yaɗa ayyukansa a ƙasar Hausa da maƙwafta. <ref>Bbc</ref> == Kawo sauyi == Tun kafin yunƙurin samar da ƙungiyoyin sake ilimantar da Musulman Najeriya kan ibada, Abubakar Gumi ya kasance mutum mai neman kawo sauyi, lamarin da ya sa ya yi ƙaurin suna tsakanin malamai da sarakuna har ma da turawan mulkin mallaka. A cikin littafinsa na Manufata, Gumi ya tuno yadda ya ƙalubalanci malaman addinin Musulunci waɗanda suke yin addini "yadda suka ga dama". Gumi ya ce "Sufanci ya zamo jiki a tsakanin al'umma ta yadda babu wanda ya damu ya binciki ko ya yi daidai da koyawar al-Ƙur'ani da hadisan annabi Muhammad". Irin wannan yunƙuri nasa ya fara jan hankali ne a lokacin da yake koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru a shekarar 1949. A lokacin ya fahimci yadda malaman addini da kuma sauran al'umma ke cakuɗa ibada da al'adu ko wasu abubuwa na daban. Limamin Juma'a na Maru a wancan lokaci ya kasance yana yin taimama domin yin sallah a maimakon alwala da ruwa, duk kuwa da wadatuwar ruwan da kuma rashin wata hujja ta yin taimamar. Bayan yunƙurin da ya yi na faɗakar da limamin game da 'haramcin' hakan, amma abin ya ci tura, Gumi ya hana ɗalibansa halartar sallar Juma'a a babban masallacin Maru, inda ya riƙa jan su sallah a cikin makaranta. A matsayin martani, sarkin Maru ya rubuta takardar ƙorafi kan Abubakar Gumi zuwa ga fadar sarkin Musulmi da kuma hukumomi turawan mulkin mallaka. Sai dai a ƙarshe Abubakar Gumi ne ya yi nasara ta hanyar gabatar da hujjoji masu ƙarfi da suka tabbatar da koyarwarsa. A game da turawan mulkin mallaka, Gumi ya ce "Idan na tuna ɓarnar da mulkin mallakar Birtaniya ya yi a ƙasarmu, nakan riƙa mamakin yadda mutanenmu suka kwashe tsawon shekaru ba tare da sun fahimci hakan ba. "Hatta a tsakanin masu iliminmu, ƙalilan ne suke tsayawa su fahimci yadda mulkin mallaka ya illa ga tunaninmu".<ref>bbc</ref> == Littafin da ya yamutsa hazo == Littafin da Abubakar Gumi ya rubuta a shekara ta 1972 mai taken 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha bi-Muwafaqat al-Shar'i' ya haifar da zazzafar muhawara tsakanin Musulman arewacin Najeriya sanadiyyar kakkausar sukar da littafin ya yi kan wasu ayyuka na masu bin akidar sufanci. A wannan lokaci kusan ɗaukacin Musulman Najeriya na bin tsari ne na ɗariƙa, wadda ta samo asali daga koyarwa irin ta sufanci. Da farko Abubakar Gumi ya ce ya rubuta littafin ne domin amfanin masu ilimi, kasancewar koyarwar littafin zai yi tsaurin fahimta ga mabiya, waɗanda iliminsu bai yi nisa ba. Sai dai a lokacin da ya tafi Saudiyya, sai Mallam Isma'ila Idris ya ɗauki littafin ya yi wa'azi da shi a birnin Kaduna, wani abu da ya haifar da ruɗani, abin da ya kai ga dole sai da ya ajiye aikinsa na gwamnati a matsayin malami. Bayan ajiye aiki, Mallam Idris ya shiga aikin soja, inda ya yi aiki a garuruwa da dama na Najeriya, kafin mayar da shi garin Jos, kuma duk inda ya je ya riƙa koyar da karatu ta hanyar amfani da littafin Sheikh Gumi na 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha'. Wannan ne ya haifar da ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar Izalatil Bidi'a wa iƙamatussunnah a birnin Jos. Da'awar Gumi na kira ga Musulmi su yi aiki da karantarwar al-Ƙur'ani da kuma Hadisan Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) kawai, wani abu da ake ganin ya kawo gagarumin sauyi a yadda ake tafiyar da ibada a Najeriya da wasu ƙasashen da ke maƙwaftaka a lokacin.<ref>bbc</ref> == Wane ne Abubakar Gumi? == An haifi Abubakar Mahmud Gumi ne ranar Juma'a 7 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1924, wadda ita ce Juma'a ta ƙarshe ta watan Ramadan na shekara ta 1344 bayan hijira, kamar yadda malamin ya bayyana a cikin litattafinsa. Shahararren malamin addinin Musulunci ne kuma masanin shari'a, wanda ya kai har matsayin Alkalin Alkalai (Grand kadi) na arewacin Najeriya. Ya fara samun ilimi ne a wajen mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi. Sunan mahaifinsa Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, wanda ake kiransa da Na-Gumi, saboda zaman da ya yi a garin Gumi bayan zama a wurare daban-daban na ƙasar Hausa, kamar Katsina, Borno da Dutse. Mahaifin Abubakar Gumi ya kasance babban malamin addinin Musulunci da shari'a, kuma ɗaya daga cikin malamai da aka fi girmamawa a yankin Sokoto da Zamfara da kuma Kebbi a zamaninsa. Kakan mahaifin Abubakar Gumi shi ne Sheikh Aliyu Barou el-Badawi, wanda ya fito daga ƙabilar Larabawa ta Bedouin, waɗanda aka sani da kiwo a yankin Larabawa da arewacin nahiyar Afirka. Babu cikakken bayani kan yadda ya isa yankin Sokoto, amma dai ana ganin zuwan sa ba ya rasa nasaba da ziyarar da Larabawa suka riƙa yi zuwa ƙasar Hausa bayan ƙarni na 15, lokacin da Musulunci ya samu karɓuwa a ƙasar Hausa. Sunan mahaifiyar Abubakar Gumi Hafsatu, ɗiyar Malam Adamu, wadda mahaifinsa ya aura lokacin da yake koyarwa a Jega.<ref>bbc</ref> == Karatu == Abubakar Gumi ya fara karatunsa ne a hannun mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, inda ya haddace al-Ƙur'ani sannan kuma ya yi karatun litattafai da dama. Bayan nan a shekara ta 1933 ya shiga makarantar boko ta Dogon Daji Elementary School, inda daga baya aka mayar da shi makarantar Middle da ke Sokoto a shekara ta 1936. Daga nan ne ya tafi makarantar ilimin shari'a ta Kano. Sannan a shekara ta 1952 ya zurfafa karatu a makarantar koyar da Larabci ta Kano. Daga nan ne kuma ya yi karatun babbar difloma a cibiyar ilimi ta Bakht al-Rida da ke Sudan daga shekarar 1955 zuwa 1956. A shekarar 1987, Gumi ya lashe kyautar Sarki Faisal kan hidima ga addinin Muslunci. Daga cikin abubuwan da suka sa ya cancanci lambar girmamawar su ne wa'azi da kuma koyar da addinin Musulunci, taimakawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam da fassara alƙur'ani zuwa harshen Hausa da kuma rubuta litattafai na addinin Musulunci.<ref>bbc</ref> == Ayyukan ilimi == Abubakar Gumi ya yi gagarumar hidima ta hanyar rubuce-rubuce da kuma fassarar litattafai na addini.<ref>Bbc</ref> Litattafan da ya rubuta waɗanda suka fi yin fice sun haɗa da:<ref>Bbc</ref> * Tafsirin Al-ƙur'ani na '''Rad al-Azhan ila Ma'ani al-Qur`an''' * Al-Aqidah al-Sahiha bi Muwafaqat al-Shari'a * Kitab al-Nasihaila Amir MantiqatKatsina * Manufata / Where I Stand * Hal al-Niza` fi Mas´alatNuzul Isa alaih al-Salatwa al-Salam * Musulunchi da Abinda ke Rushe Shi * Zad al-Haj * Kitab Maratib al-Islam * Kitab Manasik al-hajwa al-Umra '''Fassara:''' * Fassarar ma'anonin al-Ƙur'ani mai girma * Fassarar Hadisai Arba'in (al-Nawawi) * Fassarar littafin Nur al-Bab * Fassarar littafin Hidayat al-Tullab fiAhamMasail al-Din == Rasuwa == Sheikh Abubakar Mahmoud Gumi ya rasu ne a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1992, a birnin Landan na ƙasar Birtaniya. A lokacin da ya rasu, al'umma sun girgiza kasancerwar sa mutumin da ya samu karɓuwa a tsakanin shugabanni da masu sarauta da kuma sauran al'umma. Gumi ya kasance malami, alƙali kuma tsani tsakanin shugabanni da talakawa. Baya ga batun addini, Sheikh Gumi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ɓangaren mulki da kuma ayyukan gwamnati. Ya kasance mai kusanci sosai ga masu mulki, sannan ya riƙa ƙarfafa wa al'ummar arewacin Najeriya, musamman Musulmai gwiwa wajen shiga ayyukan gwamnati da karatun zamani. Tsarin koyarwarsa ya sha bamban, inda ake yaba masa wajen haƙuri tare da ƙoƙarin ganin al'umma sun fahimci abin da yake koyarwa.<ref>bbc</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gumi, Abubakar Mahmud}} n8kt9n3r8nkbfy0ywgxnvewchxw75i3 829876 829874 2026-05-05T05:05:01Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829876 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Sultan Bello Mosque 05.jpg|thumb|Masallacin [[Masallacin Sarkin Musulmi Bello|Sultan Bello]] dake Kaduna inda Malam Abubakar Gummi ya yi limanci tare da gabatar da wa'azinsa.]] [[File:Abubakar Mahmoud Gummi.jpg|thumb|Malam Abubakar Gummi]] '''Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi''' (an haife shi a shekara 1962 –zuwa shekarar 1992)<ref name="HunwickO'Fahey1994">{{cite book|author1=John O. Hunwick|author2=Rex Séan O'Fahey|title=Arabic Literature of Africa: The writings of central Sudanic Africa Vol.2. Volume 13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nKXOThUEpcC&pg=PA551dq=Abubakar+Gummi+1922|year=1994|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-10494-1|page=551}}</ref> malamin Addinin Musulunci ne ɗan Najeriya kuma alƙalin alƙalai na yankin [[Arewacin Najeriya]], matsayin da ya sanya shi ya zama cibiyar tafsirin tsarin shari’a a yankin. Ya kasance na kusa da [[Ahmadu Bello]], Firimiyan Arewa a shekarun alif 1950 zuwa 1960 kuma ya zama Grand Khadi a shekara ta 1967, Kafin a soke wannan mukamin daga baya. Gummi ya fito a matsayin shugaba mai faɗa a ji a lokacin mulkin mallaka, inda yake ganin tsarin mulkin kai tsaye ya raunana ƙarfin addini na sarakuna da kuma ƙarfafa Turawan Yamma. Tun daga shekarun alif 1960 ne ake samun rigingimu tsakanin jama’a tsakaninsa da shugabannin ‘yan’uwantakar Sufaye, waɗanda daga baya ya yi muhawara a shirye-shiryen talabijin a shekarun alif 1970 zuwa shekara ta alif 1980. A wannan lokacin ya ci gaba da maida hankalinsa wajen gudanar da tarukan juma'a a cikin babban masallacin Kaduna ([[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]). Ya yi amfani da zaman wajen Farfaɗo da sukar da ya ke yi wa hukumomi bisa ga ra'ayinsa na koma baya ga tsarin tushen ko kuma buƙatar rungumar aikin tsafta na Musulunci. Ya kuma yi suka da kakkausar murya kan shigar sufanci. Yana da ’ya’ya da yawa, daga ciki akwai [[Ahmad Gummi|Dr. Ahmad Abubakar Gummi]] wanda ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin malamin babban masallacin Kaduna (Sultan Bello), Dakta Ahmad Gummi ƙwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] Zariya. kuma tsohon hafsan soji ne, ya bar aikin soja, ya yi tattaki zuwa jami'ar umm al-Qura da ke [[Makkah]], ƙasar [[Saudiyya]] inda ya yi karatun digirin digirgir (PhD). Gummi mabiyin mazhabar [[malikiyya]] ne, wannan ya samo asali ne ta hanyar rubuce-rubucen sa da suka haɗa da tafsirin alƙur'ani (Raddul azhaan ila ma'anil Ƙur'an). da sauran littafai kamar (hullu nizam ala nuzuul isa) da (Al-Aqidatus As-Saheehah bi muwafaqati ash- Shari'ah) da sauransu == Karatu == Ya yi karatu da rubuce-rubuce a kan addinin [[musulunci]] sosai, ya fassara [[Qur'an|Qur'ani]] zuwa [[Hausa|harshen Hausa]], kuma shi ne mutum na farko da ya rubuta tarjama wato fassarar ɗai-ɗaikun ayoyin dake Alkur'ani.<ref>John N. Paden, Muslim Civic Cultures and Conflict Resolution: the challenge of democratic federalism in Nigeria, Brookings Institution Press, 2005. p 60. ISBN 0-8157-6817-6</ref> Hakan ne ya sa ya samu nasarar samun kyautar Sarki Faisal(King Faisal Award), daga ƙasar saudiya. Malamin dai ya kasance babban aboki kuma mai ba wa Firimiya [[Ahmadu Bello]] Sardaunan Sakkwato shawara. Shi ne mahaifin Dakta Shaikh [[Ahmad Gumi]]. == Shahara == Gummi ya shahara tun lokacin mulkin mallakar Turawa a matsayin mai faɗa a ji, yana sukar salon Mulkin [[Turawa]], cewa ya karya lagon sarakunan Musulmi kuma hakan yana Ƙara karfafa al'adun Turai a ƙasashen musulunci. A farkon shekara ta 1960 an samu ɓarkewar rikici tsakanin sa da malaman sufaye wanda daga baya rikicin ya koma muhawara a gidajen rediyo da talabijin a shekarun 1970 zuwa shekara ta 1980.<ref>The Independent: "Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi" by Karl Maier 16 September 1992</ref> Ya riƙa amfani da ranakun Juma'a a matsayin lokutan yaɗa aƙidunsa a babban Masallacin Juma'a na [[Kaduna]] mai suna [[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]. == Dangi == Abubakar Gummi ba a san takamaiman yawan yayansa ba, amma mafi shahara a cikinsu shi ne Dr. [[Ahmad Abubakar Gummi]] Wanda shi ne ya gaji Mahaifinsa a matsayin mai gabatar da wa'azi a masallacin na Sultan Bello dake Kaduna. Dr Ahmad Gummi ƙwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke [[Zariya]]. Kuma tsohon jami'in sojin Nijeriya ne, ya bar aikin soja inda ya tafi zuwa ƙasar Saudiyya domin karanta ilimin fiƙihu, a jami'ar [[Ummul Quraa]] da ke birnin [[Makkah|Makka]] inda ya samu shaidar digirin digir-gir.<ref>John Owen Hunwick. Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan, Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. ISBN 0-8101-1037-7</ref> [[File:Nigerian Public Domain 105.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Abubakar Gumi a shekarar 1970.]] == Tarihi == === Rayuwar farko da ilimi === An haifi Gumi a kauyen Gummi (yanzu karamar hukuma ce a jihar Zamfara ) a ranar Juma'ar karshe na watan Ramadan shekara ta 1344, ga iyalan Mahmud, malamin addinin Musulunci kuma Alkali (alkali) na Gummi. Iliminsa ya fara ne a bangon danginsa lokacin yana dalibin koyarwar addinin musulunci na mahaifinsa. Daga nan ya wuce makarantar da ke karkashin kulawar wani Malami mai suna Musa da ke Ambursa a lardin Sakkwato . A nan aka gabatar da shi ilimin Fiqhu da karanta littafai da waqoqin yabo ga Annabi. Makarantar boko ta farko da ya yi ita ce makarantar firamare ta Dogondaji, yayin da a makarantar firamare ya hadu da Sarkin Musulmi na 18 a nan gaba, Ibrahim Dasuki, kuma ya yi fice a harkokin addini. An nada shi Hakimin Salla (shugaban sallah) kuma an dora masa alhakin ciyar da dalibai ayyukan addini. A cikin shekara guda aka mayar da shi Makarantar Midil ta Sakkwato, inda Ahmadu Bello yake koyarwa. A nan ne ya saba da Shehu Shagari, da Waziri Muhammadu Junaidu, da Yahaya Gusau; na baya-bayan nan shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam, wata fitacciyar kungiyar Musulmi ta Najeriya . Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na secondary ya tafi [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] inda ya karanta fannin shari'a sannan ya samu horon Qadi . Ya fara aiki a matsayin magatakarda ga Qadi Attahiru amma ba da jimawa ba ya rasa nasaba da takamaiman aikinsa. Ya ba da darussa na sirri kan Musulunci da [[tafsiri]] a matsayin kubuta daga bacin ransa. Ya rasa mahaifinsa a shekara ta 1937 a lokacin da yake makarantar sakandare. Ya yi aure bayan shekara 3 da Maryama a shekarar 1941 yana dan shekara 19. <ref name="IndependentObit">{{Cite web |date=1992-09-15 |title=Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sheikh-abubakar-mahmud-gumi-1551628.html |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> === Farkon aiki === A shekarar 1947 Abubakar Gumi ya bar aikin sakatare na Qadi Attahiru ya tafi koyarwa a makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta Kano, wadda ya taba halarta a baya. A lokacin da yake Kano, ya hadu da Sheik Sa'id Hayatu, dan shugaban Mahdiyya na karni na 19, Hayatu ibn Sa'id, kuma wani mutum da ake ganin yana daya daga cikin fitattun wadanda mulkin mallaka ya rutsa da su. Shi ne shugaban kungiyar Mahdiyya, kuma ya dawo daga zaman tilas a kasar Kamaru . Abubakar ya shaku da koyarwar harkar Mahdiyya, a takaice ya zama mabiyi; Daga baya ya auri diyar Hayatu, Maryam. Duk da haka, ta rasu bayan ta haifi ɗa namiji. Dan Abubakar Gumi na farko ba Ahmad Abubakar ba ne, Dr Hamza Abubakar likita ne da ke aiki a yanzu haka a birnin Riyadh na kasar Saudiyya, sai kuma Manjo Janar Abdulkadir Abubakar (rtd) da kuma yaya mata biyu – daya ya auri marigayi Mai shari’a Muhammadu Bello, tsohon alkalin alkalai na tarayya, dayan kuma ta auri Sheik Sunusi Gumbi, sanannen malamin addinin musulunci kuma dalibin Abubakar Gumi. A 1949 Gumi ya sami aikin koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru, Sakkwato. Makarantar tana da wani shahararren malami mai suna [[Aminu Kano]], wanda shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar malamai ta Arewa kuma mai kula da wasu ‘yan [[Makarantar Islamiyya|makarantun musulmi]] . Aminu da Gumi sun yi cudanya tare da raba ra’ayoyi kan tasirin al’ummar gargajiya da addinin Musulunci, da kuma halin ko in kula ko goyon bayan da ‘yan’uwan Sufaye suke ba wa halin da ake ciki na [[Bida|Bidi’a]] . Ya bar Maru ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar koyon Larabci da ke Kano. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya zama malami na tsawon shekaru biyu a makarantar. Ya kuma halarci makarantar ilimi a Sudan. <ref name="Hunwick">John Owen Hunwick. ''Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan'', Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. {{ISBN|0-8101-1037-7}}</ref> A 1957 ya zama mai fassara ga gwamnatin Arewacin Najeriya kan al'amuran [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] . == Rikici == Abubakar Gumi yana da ra'ayi game da tsarin mulki da na addini na jami'an masarautu a Arewacin Najeriya. Rikicin akidarsa na farko da hukumomi shine a Maru. Rikici ya shafi aikin Tayamum . Babban Limamin Masallacin Maru ya kasance yana yin wanka da yashi (Tayammum) gabanin Sallah yayin da Gumi ya yi nuni da cewa Tayammu ana amfani da ita ne kawai idan ba a samu ruwa ba, kuma ana samun ruwa sosai a Maru . Gumi ya ci gaba da kalubalantar wannan al’ada, inda ya nemi dalibai da kada su fito don yin Sallah har sai Imam ya fasa yin Taimiyya. Sai dai Gumi wanda a baya ya rubuta kakkausar murya kan Sarkin Musulmi, yanzu ya samu Sarkin Musulmi yana sha’awar kokensa da babban limamin Maru. An kafa kwamitin bincike kan lamarin tare da goyon bayan Sarkin Musulmi. Sai dai da yake Gumi ya fi sanin aqidar Musulunci, haka nan kuma basirarsa ta gardama, sai hukumar ta yanke hukunci a kan Gumi. [1] Bayan samun nasara kadan a kan Sarkin Musulmi, Gumi ya yi amfani da hankalin da ya samu ta hanyar rubuta wata kasida mai mahimmanci a kan batun Musulmi, musamman Sarkin Musulmi, ya karbi mukaman Ingila . A lokacin, sannu a hankali ya fara ƙalubalantar imani da halaye na ayyuka a tsakanin al'ummar musulmi. [ abubuwan da ake bukata ] Wani harin da Gumi ya kai shi ne kungiyar [[Ahmadiyya]] karkashin jagorancin [[Jibril Martin]] . Yunkurin ya kasance manufa mai sauƙi ga Gumi, saboda wasu ra'ayoyin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar sun yi hannun riga da ainihin akidar Musulunci, kamar yadda wanda ya kafa ya sanya kansa a matsayin annabci . Daga baya Gumi ya fara fargabar wannan harkar ne sakamakon kwarewar tsarin kungiya na wanda ya assasa Najeriya, a hankali kungiyar ta shiga cikin hukumar alhazai ta yammacin Najeriya, sannan ta kafa makarantun almajirai a Kudu sannan kuma ya tashi zuwa arewa wajen yada manufofin Ahmadiyya. Gumi ya dauki wannan kalubale cikin sauki sannan aka dakile manufar kungiyar ta arewa. == Bayyanarshi a Kafafen yaɗa labarai == Sheik Gumi ya yi hajjin sa na farko zuwa Makka a shekarar 1955 kuma Ahmadu Bello ne ya hada shi da shi. Yayin da yake Makka ya yi tafsirin ayyukan addinin Musulunci tare da Bello da Sarki Sa'ud. Ya kuma sadu da dimbin al'ummar al'ummar musulmi ko kuma al'ummar musulmi a kasar Saudiyya, wadanda da yawa daga baya suka zama masu kyautata masa bayan rasuwar Ahmadu Bello a shekarar 1966. Da ya dawo Najeriya ya fara koyarwa a Makarantar Koyon Larabci da ke Kano da kuma wasu Makarantun Musulmi da kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam (JNI) ta kafa wacce ke kusa da birnin Kaduna. Babban bangare na koyarwarsa ya mayar da hankali kan bambance-bambancen al'ada da addini, da yadda za a fahimta da kuma rungumar asalin Musulunci. Ya kuma rubuta tafsirin kur'ani wanda akasari a kan sunna, ya kuma fassara kur'ani daga Larabci zuwa Hausa . Wannan tsari ya kai ga yada Littafi Mai Tsarki ga dimbin jama’ar Arewacin Najeriya, kuma ra’ayoyinsa da sakonsa kan muhimman koyarwar Musulunci sun fara samun dimbin masu sauraro. [1] Sai dai adawar da ya yi da manyan 'yan uwantakar Sufaye kamar Tijjaniyya da Qadiriyya ta jawo masa suka a kai a kai, kuma wasu daga cikin musulmi suka rika kai masa hari kan tafsirinsa; ya kan amsa da cewa su ci gaba da yin tafsirin nasu, idan ba sa son nasa. [1] A shekarun 1970 ya zama mai yawan fitowa a shirye-shiryen talabijin, musamman a lokutan bukukuwan Musulunci. "Lokacin da muka je wurin jifan shaiɗan (Jamra) sa'ilin aikin Hajji, sai mutanenmu suka riƙa yin wasu abubuwa marasa ma'ana. "Wasu suka riƙa nemo manyan duwatsu, wasu kuma suka riƙa cire takalmansu suna jifan jamrah, suna zage-zage da furta munanan kalamai, da sunan jifan shaiɗan." Wannan na daga cikin abubuwan da suka sanya Sheikh Abubakar Gumi ya yi yunƙuri a hukumance na sake faɗakar da mabiya addinin Musulunci a Najeriya yadda ake yin addini, bayan sanar da Firimiyan arewa na farko Ahmadu Bello, kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗaliban marigayin, Sheikh Yusuf Sambo Rigachikun ya tabbatar wa BBC. Wannan yunƙuri ya haifar da kafa wasu ƙungiyoyi guda biyu waɗanda suka jagoranci tafiyar da lamurran addinin Musulunci a Najeriya - Jama'atu Nasril Islam, sai kuma daga baya Jama'atu Izalatil Bidi'a wa Iqamatussunnah - lamarin da ya yi tasiri kan miliyoyin mabiya addinin a Najeriya. Shekara 33 bayan rasuwarsa, miliyoyin Musulmai a Najeriya na ci gaba da bin koyarwarsa, sannan ƙungiyoyin da ya jagoranci kafawa ne a gaba-gaba wajen yaɗawa da kuma tafiyar da al'amuran Musulunci a ƙasar. Baya ga Shehu Usman Danfodiyo, wanda ya yi jihadin sake ɗabbaƙa addinin Musulunci a ƙasar Hausa a farkon shekarun 1800, ana ganin cewa babu wani malami da koyarsa ta Musulunci ta yi tasiri a Najeriya kamar Abubakar Gumi. Wasu masana addini ma na ganin tasirin da Gumi ya yi "ta fi" ta Usman Danfodio, kasancewar a lokacinsa akwai hanyoyin sadarwa irin su talabijin da rediyo da hanyar wallafa litattafai da jaridu, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen yaɗa ayyukansa a ƙasar Hausa da maƙwafta. <ref>Bbc</ref> == Kawo sauyi == Tun kafin yunƙurin samar da ƙungiyoyin sake ilimantar da Musulman Najeriya kan ibada, Abubakar Gumi ya kasance mutum mai neman kawo sauyi, lamarin da ya sa ya yi ƙaurin suna tsakanin malamai da sarakuna har ma da turawan mulkin mallaka. A cikin littafinsa na Manufata, Gumi ya tuno yadda ya ƙalubalanci malaman addinin Musulunci waɗanda suke yin addini "yadda suka ga dama". Gumi ya ce "Sufanci ya zamo jiki a tsakanin al'umma ta yadda babu wanda ya damu ya binciki ko ya yi daidai da koyawar al-Ƙur'ani da hadisan annabi Muhammad". Irin wannan yunƙuri nasa ya fara jan hankali ne a lokacin da yake koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru a shekarar 1949. A lokacin ya fahimci yadda malaman addini da kuma sauran al'umma ke cakuɗa ibada da al'adu ko wasu abubuwa na daban. Limamin Juma'a na Maru a wancan lokaci ya kasance yana yin taimama domin yin sallah a maimakon alwala da ruwa, duk kuwa da wadatuwar ruwan da kuma rashin wata hujja ta yin taimamar. Bayan yunƙurin da ya yi na faɗakar da limamin game da 'haramcin' hakan, amma abin ya ci tura, Gumi ya hana ɗalibansa halartar sallar Juma'a a babban masallacin Maru, inda ya riƙa jan su sallah a cikin makaranta. A matsayin martani, sarkin Maru ya rubuta takardar ƙorafi kan Abubakar Gumi zuwa ga fadar sarkin Musulmi da kuma hukumomi turawan mulkin mallaka. Sai dai a ƙarshe Abubakar Gumi ne ya yi nasara ta hanyar gabatar da hujjoji masu ƙarfi da suka tabbatar da koyarwarsa. A game da turawan mulkin mallaka, Gumi ya ce "Idan na tuna ɓarnar da mulkin mallakar Birtaniya ya yi a ƙasarmu, nakan riƙa mamakin yadda mutanenmu suka kwashe tsawon shekaru ba tare da sun fahimci hakan ba. "Hatta a tsakanin masu iliminmu, ƙalilan ne suke tsayawa su fahimci yadda mulkin mallaka ya illa ga tunaninmu".<ref>bbc</ref> == Littafin da ya yamutsa hazo == Littafin da Abubakar Gumi ya rubuta a shekara ta 1972 mai taken 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha bi-Muwafaqat al-Shar'i' ya haifar da zazzafar muhawara tsakanin Musulman arewacin Najeriya sanadiyyar kakkausar sukar da littafin ya yi kan wasu ayyuka na masu bin akidar sufanci. A wannan lokaci kusan ɗaukacin Musulman Najeriya na bin tsari ne na ɗariƙa, wadda ta samo asali daga koyarwa irin ta sufanci. Da farko Abubakar Gumi ya ce ya rubuta littafin ne domin amfanin masu ilimi, kasancewar koyarwar littafin zai yi tsaurin fahimta ga mabiya, waɗanda iliminsu bai yi nisa ba. Sai dai a lokacin da ya tafi Saudiyya, sai Mallam Isma'ila Idris ya ɗauki littafin ya yi wa'azi da shi a birnin Kaduna, wani abu da ya haifar da ruɗani, abin da ya kai ga dole sai da ya ajiye aikinsa na gwamnati a matsayin malami. Bayan ajiye aiki, Mallam Idris ya shiga aikin soja, inda ya yi aiki a garuruwa da dama na Najeriya, kafin mayar da shi garin Jos, kuma duk inda ya je ya riƙa koyar da karatu ta hanyar amfani da littafin Sheikh Gumi na 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha'. Wannan ne ya haifar da ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar Izalatil Bidi'a wa iƙamatussunnah a birnin Jos. Da'awar Gumi na kira ga Musulmi su yi aiki da karantarwar al-Ƙur'ani da kuma Hadisan Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) kawai, wani abu da ake ganin ya kawo gagarumin sauyi a yadda ake tafiyar da ibada a Najeriya da wasu ƙasashen da ke maƙwaftaka a lokacin.<ref>bbc</ref> == Wane ne Abubakar Gumi? == An haifi Abubakar Mahmud Gumi ne ranar Juma'a 7 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1924, wadda ita ce Juma'a ta ƙarshe ta watan Ramadan na shekara ta 1344 bayan hijira, kamar yadda malamin ya bayyana a cikin litattafinsa. Shahararren malamin addinin Musulunci ne kuma masanin shari'a, wanda ya kai har matsayin Alkalin Alkalai (Grand kadi) na arewacin Najeriya. Ya fara samun ilimi ne a wajen mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi. Sunan mahaifinsa Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, wanda ake kiransa da Na-Gumi, saboda zaman da ya yi a garin Gumi bayan zama a wurare daban-daban na ƙasar Hausa, kamar Katsina, Borno da Dutse. Mahaifin Abubakar Gumi ya kasance babban malamin addinin Musulunci da shari'a, kuma ɗaya daga cikin malamai da aka fi girmamawa a yankin Sokoto da Zamfara da kuma Kebbi a zamaninsa. Kakan mahaifin Abubakar Gumi shi ne Sheikh Aliyu Barou el-Badawi, wanda ya fito daga ƙabilar Larabawa ta Bedouin, waɗanda aka sani da kiwo a yankin Larabawa da arewacin nahiyar Afirka. Babu cikakken bayani kan yadda ya isa yankin Sokoto, amma dai ana ganin zuwan sa ba ya rasa nasaba da ziyarar da Larabawa suka riƙa yi zuwa ƙasar Hausa bayan ƙarni na 15, lokacin da Musulunci ya samu karɓuwa a ƙasar Hausa. Sunan mahaifiyar Abubakar Gumi Hafsatu, ɗiyar Malam Adamu, wadda mahaifinsa ya aura lokacin da yake koyarwa a Jega.<ref>bbc</ref> == Karatu == Abubakar Gumi ya fara karatunsa ne a hannun mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, inda ya haddace al-Ƙur'ani sannan kuma ya yi karatun litattafai da dama. Bayan nan a shekara ta 1933 ya shiga makarantar boko ta Dogon Daji Elementary School, inda daga baya aka mayar da shi makarantar Middle da ke Sokoto a shekara ta 1936. Daga nan ne ya tafi makarantar ilimin shari'a ta Kano. Sannan a shekara ta 1952 ya zurfafa karatu a makarantar koyar da Larabci ta Kano. Daga nan ne kuma ya yi karatun babbar difloma a cibiyar ilimi ta Bakht al-Rida da ke Sudan daga shekarar 1955 zuwa 1956. A shekarar 1987, Gumi ya lashe kyautar Sarki Faisal kan hidima ga addinin Muslunci. Daga cikin abubuwan da suka sa ya cancanci lambar girmamawar su ne wa'azi da kuma koyar da addinin Musulunci, taimakawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam da fassara alƙur'ani zuwa harshen Hausa da kuma rubuta litattafai na addinin Musulunci.<ref>bbc</ref> == Ayyukan ilimi == Abubakar Gumi ya yi gagarumar hidima ta hanyar rubuce-rubuce da kuma fassarar litattafai na addini.<ref>Bbc</ref> Litattafan da ya rubuta waɗanda suka fi yin fice sun haɗa da:<ref>Bbc</ref> * Tafsirin Al-ƙur'ani na '''Rad al-Azhan ila Ma'ani al-Qur`an''' * Al-Aqidah al-Sahiha bi Muwafaqat al-Shari'a * Kitab al-Nasihaila Amir MantiqatKatsina * Manufata / Where I Stand * Hal al-Niza` fi Mas´alatNuzul Isa alaih al-Salatwa al-Salam * Musulunchi da Abinda ke Rushe Shi * Zad al-Haj * Kitab Maratib al-Islam * Kitab Manasik al-hajwa al-Umra '''Fassara:''' * Fassarar ma'anonin al-Ƙur'ani mai girma * Fassarar Hadisai Arba'in (al-Nawawi) * Fassarar littafin Nur al-Bab * Fassarar littafin Hidayat al-Tullab fiAhamMasail al-Din == Rasuwa == Sheikh Abubakar Mahmoud Gumi ya rasu ne a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1992, a birnin Landan na ƙasar Birtaniya. A lokacin da ya rasu, al'umma sun girgiza kasancerwar sa mutumin da ya samu karɓuwa a tsakanin shugabanni da masu sarauta da kuma sauran al'umma. Gumi ya kasance malami, alƙali kuma tsani tsakanin shugabanni da talakawa. Baya ga batun addini, Sheikh Gumi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ɓangaren mulki da kuma ayyukan gwamnati. Ya kasance mai kusanci sosai ga masu mulki, sannan ya riƙa ƙarfafa wa al'ummar arewacin Najeriya, musamman Musulmai gwiwa wajen shiga ayyukan gwamnati da karatun zamani. Tsarin koyarwarsa ya sha bamban, inda ake yaba masa wajen haƙuri tare da ƙoƙarin ganin al'umma sun fahimci abin da yake koyarwa.<ref>bbc</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gumi, Abubakar Mahmud}} tnkawgkz3pzw1mjj0g7sxp2ynp6cbit 829880 829876 2026-05-05T05:06:48Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829880 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Sultan Bello Mosque 05.jpg|thumb|Masallacin [[Masallacin Sarkin Musulmi Bello|Sultan Bello]] dake Kaduna inda Malam Abubakar Gummi ya yi limanci tare da gabatar da wa'azinsa.]] [[File:Abubakar Mahmoud Gummi.jpg|thumb|Malam Abubakar Gummi]] '''Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi''' (an haife shi a shekara 1962 –zuwa shekarar 1992)<ref name="HunwickO'Fahey1994">{{cite book|author1=John O. Hunwick|author2=Rex Séan O'Fahey|title=Arabic Literature of Africa: The writings of central Sudanic Africa Vol.2. Volume 13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nKXOThUEpcC&pg=PA551dq=Abubakar+Gummi+1922|year=1994|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-10494-1|page=551}}</ref> malamin Addinin Musulunci ne ɗan Najeriya kuma alƙalin alƙalai na yankin [[Arewacin Najeriya]], matsayin da ya sanya shi ya zama cibiyar tafsirin tsarin shari’a a yankin. Ya kasance na kusa da [[Ahmadu Bello]], Firimiyan Arewa a shekarun alif 1950 zuwa 1960 kuma ya zama Grand Khadi a shekara ta 1967, Kafin a soke wannan mukamin daga baya. Gummi ya fito a matsayin shugaba mai faɗa a ji a lokacin mulkin mallaka, inda yake ganin tsarin mulkin kai tsaye ya raunana ƙarfin addini na sarakuna da kuma ƙarfafa Turawan Yamma. Tun daga shekarun alif 1960 ne ake samun rigingimu tsakanin jama’a tsakaninsa da shugabannin ‘yan’uwantakar Sufaye, waɗanda daga baya ya yi muhawara a shirye-shiryen talabijin a shekarun alif 1970 zuwa shekara ta alif 1980. A wannan lokacin ya ci gaba da maida hankalinsa wajen gudanar da tarukan juma'a a cikin babban masallacin Kaduna ([[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]). Ya yi amfani da zaman wajen Farfaɗo da sukar da ya ke yi wa hukumomi bisa ga ra'ayinsa na koma baya ga tsarin tushen ko kuma buƙatar rungumar aikin tsafta na Musulunci. Ya kuma yi suka da kakkausar murya kan shigar sufanci. Yana da ’ya’ya da yawa, daga ciki akwai [[Ahmad Gummi|Dr. Ahmad Abubakar Gummi]] wanda ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin malamin babban masallacin Kaduna (Sultan Bello), Dakta Ahmad Gummi ƙwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] Zariya. kuma tsohon hafsan soji ne, ya bar aikin soja, ya yi tattaki zuwa jami'ar umm al-Qura da ke [[Makkah]], ƙasar [[Saudiyya]] inda ya yi karatun digirin digirgir (PhD). Gummi mabiyin mazhabar [[malikiyya]] ne, wannan ya samo asali ne ta hanyar rubuce-rubucen sa da suka haɗa da tafsirin alƙur'ani (Raddul azhaan ila ma'anil Ƙur'an). da sauran littafai kamar (hullu nizam ala nuzuul isa) da (Al-Aqidatus As-Saheehah bi muwafaqati ash- Shari'ah) da sauransu == Karatu == Ya yi karatu da rubuce-rubuce a kan addinin [[musulunci]] sosai, ya fassara [[Qur'an|Qur'ani]] zuwa [[Hausa|harshen Hausa]], kuma shi ne mutum na farko da ya rubuta tarjama wato fassarar ɗai-ɗaikun ayoyin dake Alkur'ani.<ref>John N. Paden, Muslim Civic Cultures and Conflict Resolution: the challenge of democratic federalism in Nigeria, Brookings Institution Press, 2005. p 60. ISBN 0-8157-6817-6</ref> Hakan ne ya sa ya samu nasarar samun kyautar Sarki Faisal(King Faisal Award), daga ƙasar saudiya. Malamin dai ya kasance babban aboki kuma mai ba wa Firimiya [[Ahmadu Bello]] Sardaunan Sakkwato shawara. Shi ne mahaifin Dakta Shaikh [[Ahmad Gumi]]. == Shahara == Gummi ya shahara tun lokacin mulkin mallakar Turawa a matsayin mai faɗa a ji, yana sukar salon Mulkin [[Turawa]], cewa ya karya lagon sarakunan Musulmi kuma hakan yana Ƙara karfafa al'adun Turai a ƙasashen musulunci. A farkon shekara ta 1960 an samu ɓarkewar rikici tsakanin sa da malaman sufaye wanda daga baya rikicin ya koma muhawara a gidajen rediyo da talabijin a shekarun 1970 zuwa shekara ta 1980.<ref>The Independent: "Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi" by Karl Maier 16 September 1992</ref> Ya riƙa amfani da ranakun Juma'a a matsayin lokutan yaɗa aƙidunsa a babban Masallacin Juma'a na [[Kaduna]] mai suna [[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]. == Dangi == Abubakar Gummi ba a san takamaiman yawan yayansa ba, amma mafi shahara a cikinsu shi ne Dr. [[Ahmad Abubakar Gummi]] Wanda shi ne ya gaji Mahaifinsa a matsayin mai gabatar da wa'azi a masallacin na Sultan Bello dake Kaduna. Dr Ahmad Gummi ƙwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke [[Zariya]]. Kuma tsohon jami'in sojin Nijeriya ne, ya bar aikin soja inda ya tafi zuwa ƙasar Saudiyya domin karanta ilimin fiƙihu, a jami'ar [[Ummul Quraa]] da ke birnin [[Makkah|Makka]] inda ya samu shaidar digirin digir-gir.<ref>John Owen Hunwick. Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan, Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. ISBN 0-8101-1037-7</ref> [[File:Nigerian Public Domain 105.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Abubakar Gumi a shekarar 1970.]] == Tarihi == === Rayuwar farko da ilimi === An haifi Gummi a kauyen Gummi (yanzu karamar hukuma ce a jihar Zamfara ) a ranar Juma'ar karshe na watan Ramadan shekara ta 1344, ga iyalan Mahmud, malamin addinin Musulunci kuma Alkali (alkali) na Gummi. Iliminsa ya fara ne a bangon danginsa lokacin yana dalibin koyarwar addinin musulunci na mahaifinsa. Daga nan ya wuce makarantar da ke karkashin kulawar wani Malami mai suna Musa da ke Ambursa a lardin Sakkwato . A nan aka gabatar da shi ilimin Fiqhu da karanta littafai da waqoqin yabo ga Annabi. Makarantar boko ta farko da ya yi ita ce makarantar firamare ta Dogondaji, yayin da a makarantar firamare ya hadu da Sarkin Musulmi na 18 a nan gaba, Ibrahim Dasuki, kuma ya yi fice a harkokin addini. An nada shi Hakimin Salla (shugaban sallah) kuma an dora masa alhakin ciyar da dalibai ayyukan addini. A cikin shekara guda aka mayar da shi Makarantar Midil ta Sakkwato, inda Ahmadu Bello yake koyarwa. A nan ne ya saba da Shehu Shagari, da Waziri Muhammadu Junaidu, da Yahaya Gusau; na baya-bayan nan shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam, wata fitacciyar kungiyar Musulmi ta Najeriya . Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na secondary ya tafi [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] inda ya karanta fannin shari'a sannan ya samu horon Qadi . Ya fara aiki a matsayin magatakarda ga Qadi Attahiru amma ba da jimawa ba ya rasa nasaba da takamaiman aikinsa. Ya ba da darussa na sirri kan Musulunci da [[tafsiri]] a matsayin kubuta daga bacin ransa. Ya rasa mahaifinsa a shekara ta 1937 a lokacin da yake makarantar sakandare. Ya yi aure bayan shekara 3 da Maryama a shekarar 1941 yana dan shekara 19. <ref name="IndependentObit">{{Cite web |date=1992-09-15 |title=Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sheikh-abubakar-mahmud-gumi-1551628.html |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> === Farkon aiki === A shekarar 1947 Abubakar Gumi ya bar aikin sakatare na Qadi Attahiru ya tafi koyarwa a makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta Kano, wadda ya taba halarta a baya. A lokacin da yake Kano, ya hadu da Sheik Sa'id Hayatu, dan shugaban Mahdiyya na karni na 19, Hayatu ibn Sa'id, kuma wani mutum da ake ganin yana daya daga cikin fitattun wadanda mulkin mallaka ya rutsa da su. Shi ne shugaban kungiyar Mahdiyya, kuma ya dawo daga zaman tilas a kasar Kamaru . Abubakar ya shaku da koyarwar harkar Mahdiyya, a takaice ya zama mabiyi; Daga baya ya auri diyar Hayatu, Maryam. Duk da haka, ta rasu bayan ta haifi ɗa namiji. Dan Abubakar Gumi na farko ba Ahmad Abubakar ba ne, Dr Hamza Abubakar likita ne da ke aiki a yanzu haka a birnin Riyadh na kasar Saudiyya, sai kuma Manjo Janar Abdulkadir Abubakar (rtd) da kuma yaya mata biyu – daya ya auri marigayi Mai shari’a Muhammadu Bello, tsohon alkalin alkalai na tarayya, dayan kuma ta auri Sheik Sunusi Gumbi, sanannen malamin addinin musulunci kuma dalibin Abubakar Gumi. A 1949 Gumi ya sami aikin koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru, Sakkwato. Makarantar tana da wani shahararren malami mai suna [[Aminu Kano]], wanda shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar malamai ta Arewa kuma mai kula da wasu ‘yan [[Makarantar Islamiyya|makarantun musulmi]] . Aminu da Gumi sun yi cudanya tare da raba ra’ayoyi kan tasirin al’ummar gargajiya da addinin Musulunci, da kuma halin ko in kula ko goyon bayan da ‘yan’uwan Sufaye suke ba wa halin da ake ciki na [[Bida|Bidi’a]] . Ya bar Maru ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar koyon Larabci da ke Kano. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya zama malami na tsawon shekaru biyu a makarantar. Ya kuma halarci makarantar ilimi a Sudan. <ref name="Hunwick">John Owen Hunwick. ''Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan'', Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. {{ISBN|0-8101-1037-7}}</ref> A 1957 ya zama mai fassara ga gwamnatin Arewacin Najeriya kan al'amuran [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] . == Rikici == Abubakar Gumi yana da ra'ayi game da tsarin mulki da na addini na jami'an masarautu a Arewacin Najeriya. Rikicin akidarsa na farko da hukumomi shine a Maru. Rikici ya shafi aikin Tayamum . Babban Limamin Masallacin Maru ya kasance yana yin wanka da yashi (Tayammum) gabanin Sallah yayin da Gumi ya yi nuni da cewa Tayammu ana amfani da ita ne kawai idan ba a samu ruwa ba, kuma ana samun ruwa sosai a Maru . Gumi ya ci gaba da kalubalantar wannan al’ada, inda ya nemi dalibai da kada su fito don yin Sallah har sai Imam ya fasa yin Taimiyya. Sai dai Gumi wanda a baya ya rubuta kakkausar murya kan Sarkin Musulmi, yanzu ya samu Sarkin Musulmi yana sha’awar kokensa da babban limamin Maru. An kafa kwamitin bincike kan lamarin tare da goyon bayan Sarkin Musulmi. Sai dai da yake Gumi ya fi sanin aqidar Musulunci, haka nan kuma basirarsa ta gardama, sai hukumar ta yanke hukunci a kan Gumi. [1] Bayan samun nasara kadan a kan Sarkin Musulmi, Gumi ya yi amfani da hankalin da ya samu ta hanyar rubuta wata kasida mai mahimmanci a kan batun Musulmi, musamman Sarkin Musulmi, ya karbi mukaman Ingila . A lokacin, sannu a hankali ya fara ƙalubalantar imani da halaye na ayyuka a tsakanin al'ummar musulmi. [ abubuwan da ake bukata ] Wani harin da Gumi ya kai shi ne kungiyar [[Ahmadiyya]] karkashin jagorancin [[Jibril Martin]] . Yunkurin ya kasance manufa mai sauƙi ga Gumi, saboda wasu ra'ayoyin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar sun yi hannun riga da ainihin akidar Musulunci, kamar yadda wanda ya kafa ya sanya kansa a matsayin annabci . Daga baya Gumi ya fara fargabar wannan harkar ne sakamakon kwarewar tsarin kungiya na wanda ya assasa Najeriya, a hankali kungiyar ta shiga cikin hukumar alhazai ta yammacin Najeriya, sannan ta kafa makarantun almajirai a Kudu sannan kuma ya tashi zuwa arewa wajen yada manufofin Ahmadiyya. Gumi ya dauki wannan kalubale cikin sauki sannan aka dakile manufar kungiyar ta arewa. == Bayyanarshi a Kafafen yaɗa labarai == Sheik Gumi ya yi hajjin sa na farko zuwa Makka a shekarar 1955 kuma Ahmadu Bello ne ya hada shi da shi. Yayin da yake Makka ya yi tafsirin ayyukan addinin Musulunci tare da Bello da Sarki Sa'ud. Ya kuma sadu da dimbin al'ummar al'ummar musulmi ko kuma al'ummar musulmi a kasar Saudiyya, wadanda da yawa daga baya suka zama masu kyautata masa bayan rasuwar Ahmadu Bello a shekarar 1966. Da ya dawo Najeriya ya fara koyarwa a Makarantar Koyon Larabci da ke Kano da kuma wasu Makarantun Musulmi da kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam (JNI) ta kafa wacce ke kusa da birnin Kaduna. Babban bangare na koyarwarsa ya mayar da hankali kan bambance-bambancen al'ada da addini, da yadda za a fahimta da kuma rungumar asalin Musulunci. Ya kuma rubuta tafsirin kur'ani wanda akasari a kan sunna, ya kuma fassara kur'ani daga Larabci zuwa Hausa . Wannan tsari ya kai ga yada Littafi Mai Tsarki ga dimbin jama’ar Arewacin Najeriya, kuma ra’ayoyinsa da sakonsa kan muhimman koyarwar Musulunci sun fara samun dimbin masu sauraro. [1] Sai dai adawar da ya yi da manyan 'yan uwantakar Sufaye kamar Tijjaniyya da Qadiriyya ta jawo masa suka a kai a kai, kuma wasu daga cikin musulmi suka rika kai masa hari kan tafsirinsa; ya kan amsa da cewa su ci gaba da yin tafsirin nasu, idan ba sa son nasa. [1] A shekarun 1970 ya zama mai yawan fitowa a shirye-shiryen talabijin, musamman a lokutan bukukuwan Musulunci. "Lokacin da muka je wurin jifan shaiɗan (Jamra) sa'ilin aikin Hajji, sai mutanenmu suka riƙa yin wasu abubuwa marasa ma'ana. "Wasu suka riƙa nemo manyan duwatsu, wasu kuma suka riƙa cire takalmansu suna jifan jamrah, suna zage-zage da furta munanan kalamai, da sunan jifan shaiɗan." Wannan na daga cikin abubuwan da suka sanya Sheikh Abubakar Gumi ya yi yunƙuri a hukumance na sake faɗakar da mabiya addinin Musulunci a Najeriya yadda ake yin addini, bayan sanar da Firimiyan arewa na farko Ahmadu Bello, kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗaliban marigayin, Sheikh Yusuf Sambo Rigachikun ya tabbatar wa BBC. Wannan yunƙuri ya haifar da kafa wasu ƙungiyoyi guda biyu waɗanda suka jagoranci tafiyar da lamurran addinin Musulunci a Najeriya - Jama'atu Nasril Islam, sai kuma daga baya Jama'atu Izalatil Bidi'a wa Iqamatussunnah - lamarin da ya yi tasiri kan miliyoyin mabiya addinin a Najeriya. Shekara 33 bayan rasuwarsa, miliyoyin Musulmai a Najeriya na ci gaba da bin koyarwarsa, sannan ƙungiyoyin da ya jagoranci kafawa ne a gaba-gaba wajen yaɗawa da kuma tafiyar da al'amuran Musulunci a ƙasar. Baya ga Shehu Usman Danfodiyo, wanda ya yi jihadin sake ɗabbaƙa addinin Musulunci a ƙasar Hausa a farkon shekarun 1800, ana ganin cewa babu wani malami da koyarsa ta Musulunci ta yi tasiri a Najeriya kamar Abubakar Gumi. Wasu masana addini ma na ganin tasirin da Gumi ya yi "ta fi" ta Usman Danfodio, kasancewar a lokacinsa akwai hanyoyin sadarwa irin su talabijin da rediyo da hanyar wallafa litattafai da jaridu, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen yaɗa ayyukansa a ƙasar Hausa da maƙwafta. <ref>Bbc</ref> == Kawo sauyi == Tun kafin yunƙurin samar da ƙungiyoyin sake ilimantar da Musulman Najeriya kan ibada, Abubakar Gumi ya kasance mutum mai neman kawo sauyi, lamarin da ya sa ya yi ƙaurin suna tsakanin malamai da sarakuna har ma da turawan mulkin mallaka. A cikin littafinsa na Manufata, Gumi ya tuno yadda ya ƙalubalanci malaman addinin Musulunci waɗanda suke yin addini "yadda suka ga dama". Gumi ya ce "Sufanci ya zamo jiki a tsakanin al'umma ta yadda babu wanda ya damu ya binciki ko ya yi daidai da koyawar al-Ƙur'ani da hadisan annabi Muhammad". Irin wannan yunƙuri nasa ya fara jan hankali ne a lokacin da yake koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru a shekarar 1949. A lokacin ya fahimci yadda malaman addini da kuma sauran al'umma ke cakuɗa ibada da al'adu ko wasu abubuwa na daban. Limamin Juma'a na Maru a wancan lokaci ya kasance yana yin taimama domin yin sallah a maimakon alwala da ruwa, duk kuwa da wadatuwar ruwan da kuma rashin wata hujja ta yin taimamar. Bayan yunƙurin da ya yi na faɗakar da limamin game da 'haramcin' hakan, amma abin ya ci tura, Gumi ya hana ɗalibansa halartar sallar Juma'a a babban masallacin Maru, inda ya riƙa jan su sallah a cikin makaranta. A matsayin martani, sarkin Maru ya rubuta takardar ƙorafi kan Abubakar Gumi zuwa ga fadar sarkin Musulmi da kuma hukumomi turawan mulkin mallaka. Sai dai a ƙarshe Abubakar Gumi ne ya yi nasara ta hanyar gabatar da hujjoji masu ƙarfi da suka tabbatar da koyarwarsa. A game da turawan mulkin mallaka, Gumi ya ce "Idan na tuna ɓarnar da mulkin mallakar Birtaniya ya yi a ƙasarmu, nakan riƙa mamakin yadda mutanenmu suka kwashe tsawon shekaru ba tare da sun fahimci hakan ba. "Hatta a tsakanin masu iliminmu, ƙalilan ne suke tsayawa su fahimci yadda mulkin mallaka ya illa ga tunaninmu".<ref>bbc</ref> == Littafin da ya yamutsa hazo == Littafin da Abubakar Gumi ya rubuta a shekara ta 1972 mai taken 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha bi-Muwafaqat al-Shar'i' ya haifar da zazzafar muhawara tsakanin Musulman arewacin Najeriya sanadiyyar kakkausar sukar da littafin ya yi kan wasu ayyuka na masu bin akidar sufanci. A wannan lokaci kusan ɗaukacin Musulman Najeriya na bin tsari ne na ɗariƙa, wadda ta samo asali daga koyarwa irin ta sufanci. Da farko Abubakar Gumi ya ce ya rubuta littafin ne domin amfanin masu ilimi, kasancewar koyarwar littafin zai yi tsaurin fahimta ga mabiya, waɗanda iliminsu bai yi nisa ba. Sai dai a lokacin da ya tafi Saudiyya, sai Mallam Isma'ila Idris ya ɗauki littafin ya yi wa'azi da shi a birnin Kaduna, wani abu da ya haifar da ruɗani, abin da ya kai ga dole sai da ya ajiye aikinsa na gwamnati a matsayin malami. Bayan ajiye aiki, Mallam Idris ya shiga aikin soja, inda ya yi aiki a garuruwa da dama na Najeriya, kafin mayar da shi garin Jos, kuma duk inda ya je ya riƙa koyar da karatu ta hanyar amfani da littafin Sheikh Gumi na 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha'. Wannan ne ya haifar da ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar Izalatil Bidi'a wa iƙamatussunnah a birnin Jos. Da'awar Gumi na kira ga Musulmi su yi aiki da karantarwar al-Ƙur'ani da kuma Hadisan Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) kawai, wani abu da ake ganin ya kawo gagarumin sauyi a yadda ake tafiyar da ibada a Najeriya da wasu ƙasashen da ke maƙwaftaka a lokacin.<ref>bbc</ref> == Wane ne Abubakar Gumi? == An haifi Abubakar Mahmud Gumi ne ranar Juma'a 7 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1924, wadda ita ce Juma'a ta ƙarshe ta watan Ramadan na shekara ta 1344 bayan hijira, kamar yadda malamin ya bayyana a cikin litattafinsa. Shahararren malamin addinin Musulunci ne kuma masanin shari'a, wanda ya kai har matsayin Alkalin Alkalai (Grand kadi) na arewacin Najeriya. Ya fara samun ilimi ne a wajen mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi. Sunan mahaifinsa Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, wanda ake kiransa da Na-Gumi, saboda zaman da ya yi a garin Gumi bayan zama a wurare daban-daban na ƙasar Hausa, kamar Katsina, Borno da Dutse. Mahaifin Abubakar Gumi ya kasance babban malamin addinin Musulunci da shari'a, kuma ɗaya daga cikin malamai da aka fi girmamawa a yankin Sokoto da Zamfara da kuma Kebbi a zamaninsa. Kakan mahaifin Abubakar Gumi shi ne Sheikh Aliyu Barou el-Badawi, wanda ya fito daga ƙabilar Larabawa ta Bedouin, waɗanda aka sani da kiwo a yankin Larabawa da arewacin nahiyar Afirka. Babu cikakken bayani kan yadda ya isa yankin Sokoto, amma dai ana ganin zuwan sa ba ya rasa nasaba da ziyarar da Larabawa suka riƙa yi zuwa ƙasar Hausa bayan ƙarni na 15, lokacin da Musulunci ya samu karɓuwa a ƙasar Hausa. Sunan mahaifiyar Abubakar Gumi Hafsatu, ɗiyar Malam Adamu, wadda mahaifinsa ya aura lokacin da yake koyarwa a Jega.<ref>bbc</ref> == Karatu == Abubakar Gumi ya fara karatunsa ne a hannun mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, inda ya haddace al-Ƙur'ani sannan kuma ya yi karatun litattafai da dama. Bayan nan a shekara ta 1933 ya shiga makarantar boko ta Dogon Daji Elementary School, inda daga baya aka mayar da shi makarantar Middle da ke Sokoto a shekara ta 1936. Daga nan ne ya tafi makarantar ilimin shari'a ta Kano. Sannan a shekara ta 1952 ya zurfafa karatu a makarantar koyar da Larabci ta Kano. Daga nan ne kuma ya yi karatun babbar difloma a cibiyar ilimi ta Bakht al-Rida da ke Sudan daga shekarar 1955 zuwa 1956. A shekarar 1987, Gumi ya lashe kyautar Sarki Faisal kan hidima ga addinin Muslunci. Daga cikin abubuwan da suka sa ya cancanci lambar girmamawar su ne wa'azi da kuma koyar da addinin Musulunci, taimakawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam da fassara alƙur'ani zuwa harshen Hausa da kuma rubuta litattafai na addinin Musulunci.<ref>bbc</ref> == Ayyukan ilimi == Abubakar Gumi ya yi gagarumar hidima ta hanyar rubuce-rubuce da kuma fassarar litattafai na addini.<ref>Bbc</ref> Litattafan da ya rubuta waɗanda suka fi yin fice sun haɗa da:<ref>Bbc</ref> * Tafsirin Al-ƙur'ani na '''Rad al-Azhan ila Ma'ani al-Qur`an''' * Al-Aqidah al-Sahiha bi Muwafaqat al-Shari'a * Kitab al-Nasihaila Amir MantiqatKatsina * Manufata / Where I Stand * Hal al-Niza` fi Mas´alatNuzul Isa alaih al-Salatwa al-Salam * Musulunchi da Abinda ke Rushe Shi * Zad al-Haj * Kitab Maratib al-Islam * Kitab Manasik al-hajwa al-Umra '''Fassara:''' * Fassarar ma'anonin al-Ƙur'ani mai girma * Fassarar Hadisai Arba'in (al-Nawawi) * Fassarar littafin Nur al-Bab * Fassarar littafin Hidayat al-Tullab fiAhamMasail al-Din == Rasuwa == Sheikh Abubakar Mahmoud Gumi ya rasu ne a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1992, a birnin Landan na ƙasar Birtaniya. A lokacin da ya rasu, al'umma sun girgiza kasancerwar sa mutumin da ya samu karɓuwa a tsakanin shugabanni da masu sarauta da kuma sauran al'umma. Gumi ya kasance malami, alƙali kuma tsani tsakanin shugabanni da talakawa. Baya ga batun addini, Sheikh Gumi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ɓangaren mulki da kuma ayyukan gwamnati. Ya kasance mai kusanci sosai ga masu mulki, sannan ya riƙa ƙarfafa wa al'ummar arewacin Najeriya, musamman Musulmai gwiwa wajen shiga ayyukan gwamnati da karatun zamani. Tsarin koyarwarsa ya sha bamban, inda ake yaba masa wajen haƙuri tare da ƙoƙarin ganin al'umma sun fahimci abin da yake koyarwa.<ref>bbc</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gumi, Abubakar Mahmud}} g5ml0p5vu5b244rotd5v8g1jr59502m 829881 829880 2026-05-05T05:07:29Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829881 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Sultan Bello Mosque 05.jpg|thumb|Masallacin [[Masallacin Sarkin Musulmi Bello|Sultan Bello]] dake Kaduna inda Malam Abubakar Gummi ya yi limanci tare da gabatar da wa'azinsa.]] [[File:Abubakar Mahmoud Gummi.jpg|thumb|Malam Abubakar Gummi]] '''Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi''' (an haife shi a shekara 1962 –zuwa shekarar 1992)<ref name="HunwickO'Fahey1994">{{cite book|author1=John O. Hunwick|author2=Rex Séan O'Fahey|title=Arabic Literature of Africa: The writings of central Sudanic Africa Vol.2. Volume 13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nKXOThUEpcC&pg=PA551dq=Abubakar+Gummi+1922|year=1994|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-10494-1|page=551}}</ref> malamin Addinin Musulunci ne ɗan Najeriya kuma alƙalin alƙalai na yankin [[Arewacin Najeriya]], matsayin da ya sanya shi ya zama cibiyar tafsirin tsarin shari’a a yankin. Ya kasance na kusa da [[Ahmadu Bello]], Firimiyan Arewa a shekarun alif 1950 zuwa 1960 kuma ya zama Grand Khadi a shekara ta 1967, Kafin a soke wannan mukamin daga baya. Gummi ya fito a matsayin shugaba mai faɗa a ji a lokacin mulkin mallaka, inda yake ganin tsarin mulkin kai tsaye ya raunana ƙarfin addini na sarakuna da kuma ƙarfafa Turawan Yamma. Tun daga shekarun alif 1960 ne ake samun rigingimu tsakanin jama’a tsakaninsa da shugabannin ‘yan’uwantakar Sufaye, waɗanda daga baya ya yi muhawara a shirye-shiryen talabijin a shekarun alif 1970 zuwa shekara ta alif 1980. A wannan lokacin ya ci gaba da maida hankalinsa wajen gudanar da tarukan juma'a a cikin babban masallacin Kaduna ([[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]). Ya yi amfani da zaman wajen Farfaɗo da sukar da ya ke yi wa hukumomi bisa ga ra'ayinsa na koma baya ga tsarin tushen ko kuma buƙatar rungumar aikin tsafta na Musulunci. Ya kuma yi suka da kakkausar murya kan shigar sufanci. Yana da ’ya’ya da yawa, daga ciki akwai [[Ahmad Gummi|Dr. Ahmad Abubakar Gummi]] wanda ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin malamin babban masallacin Kaduna (Sultan Bello), Dakta Ahmad Gummi ƙwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] Zariya. kuma tsohon hafsan soji ne, ya bar aikin soja, ya yi tattaki zuwa jami'ar umm al-Qura da ke [[Makkah]], ƙasar [[Saudiyya]] inda ya yi karatun digirin digirgir (PhD). Gummi mabiyin mazhabar [[malikiyya]] ne, wannan ya samo asali ne ta hanyar rubuce-rubucen sa da suka haɗa da tafsirin alƙur'ani (Raddul azhaan ila ma'anil Ƙur'an). da sauran littafai kamar (hullu nizam ala nuzuul isa) da (Al-Aqidatus As-Saheehah bi muwafaqati ash- Shari'ah) da sauransu == Karatu == Ya yi karatu da rubuce-rubuce a kan addinin [[musulunci]] sosai, ya fassara [[Qur'an|Qur'ani]] zuwa [[Hausa|harshen Hausa]], kuma shi ne mutum na farko da ya rubuta tarjama wato fassarar ɗai-ɗaikun ayoyin dake Alkur'ani.<ref>John N. Paden, Muslim Civic Cultures and Conflict Resolution: the challenge of democratic federalism in Nigeria, Brookings Institution Press, 2005. p 60. ISBN 0-8157-6817-6</ref> Hakan ne ya sa ya samu nasarar samun kyautar Sarki Faisal(King Faisal Award), daga ƙasar saudiya. Malamin dai ya kasance babban aboki kuma mai ba wa Firimiya [[Ahmadu Bello]] Sardaunan Sakkwato shawara. Shi ne mahaifin Dakta Shaikh [[Ahmad Gumi]]. == Shahara == Gummi ya shahara tun lokacin mulkin mallakar Turawa a matsayin mai faɗa a ji, yana sukar salon Mulkin [[Turawa]], cewa ya karya lagon sarakunan Musulmi kuma hakan yana Ƙara karfafa al'adun Turai a ƙasashen musulunci. A farkon shekara ta 1960 an samu ɓarkewar rikici tsakanin sa da malaman sufaye wanda daga baya rikicin ya koma muhawara a gidajen rediyo da talabijin a shekarun 1970 zuwa shekara ta 1980.<ref>The Independent: "Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi" by Karl Maier 16 September 1992</ref> Ya riƙa amfani da ranakun Juma'a a matsayin lokutan yaɗa aƙidunsa a babban Masallacin Juma'a na [[Kaduna]] mai suna [[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]. == Dangi == Abubakar Gummi ba a san takamaiman yawan yayansa ba, amma mafi shahara a cikinsu shi ne Dr. [[Ahmad Abubakar Gummi]] Wanda shi ne ya gaji Mahaifinsa a matsayin mai gabatar da wa'azi a masallacin na Sultan Bello dake Kaduna. Dr Ahmad Gummi ƙwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke [[Zariya]]. Kuma tsohon jami'in sojin Nijeriya ne, ya bar aikin soja inda ya tafi zuwa ƙasar Saudiyya domin karanta ilimin fiƙihu, a jami'ar [[Ummul Quraa]] da ke birnin [[Makkah|Makka]] inda ya samu shaidar digirin digir-gir.<ref>John Owen Hunwick. Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan, Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. ISBN 0-8101-1037-7</ref> [[File:Nigerian Public Domain 105.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Abubakar Gumi a shekarar 1970.]] == Tarihi == === Rayuwar farko da ilimi === An haifi Sheikh Gummi a kauyen Gummi (yanzu karamar hukuma ce a jihar Zamfara ) a ranar Juma'ar karshe na watan Ramadan shekara ta 1344, ga iyalan Mahmud, malamin addinin Musulunci kuma Alkali (alkali) na Gummi. Iliminsa ya fara ne a bangon danginsa lokacin yana dalibin koyarwar addinin musulunci na mahaifinsa. Daga nan ya wuce makarantar da ke karkashin kulawar wani Malami mai suna Musa da ke Ambursa a lardin Sakkwato . A nan aka gabatar da shi ilimin Fiqhu da karanta littafai da waqoqin yabo ga Annabi. Makarantar boko ta farko da ya yi ita ce makarantar firamare ta Dogondaji, yayin da a makarantar firamare ya hadu da Sarkin Musulmi na 18 a nan gaba, Ibrahim Dasuki, kuma ya yi fice a harkokin addini. An nada shi Hakimin Salla (shugaban sallah) kuma an dora masa alhakin ciyar da dalibai ayyukan addini. A cikin shekara guda aka mayar da shi Makarantar Midil ta Sakkwato, inda Ahmadu Bello yake koyarwa. A nan ne ya saba da Shehu Shagari, da Waziri Muhammadu Junaidu, da Yahaya Gusau; na baya-bayan nan shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam, wata fitacciyar kungiyar Musulmi ta Najeriya . Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na secondary ya tafi [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] inda ya karanta fannin shari'a sannan ya samu horon Qadi . Ya fara aiki a matsayin magatakarda ga Qadi Attahiru amma ba da jimawa ba ya rasa nasaba da takamaiman aikinsa. Ya ba da darussa na sirri kan Musulunci da [[tafsiri]] a matsayin kubuta daga bacin ransa. Ya rasa mahaifinsa a shekara ta 1937 a lokacin da yake makarantar sakandare. Ya yi aure bayan shekara 3 da Maryama a shekarar 1941 yana dan shekara 19. <ref name="IndependentObit">{{Cite web |date=1992-09-15 |title=Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sheikh-abubakar-mahmud-gumi-1551628.html |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> === Farkon aiki === A shekarar 1947 Abubakar Gumi ya bar aikin sakatare na Qadi Attahiru ya tafi koyarwa a makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta Kano, wadda ya taba halarta a baya. A lokacin da yake Kano, ya hadu da Sheik Sa'id Hayatu, dan shugaban Mahdiyya na karni na 19, Hayatu ibn Sa'id, kuma wani mutum da ake ganin yana daya daga cikin fitattun wadanda mulkin mallaka ya rutsa da su. Shi ne shugaban kungiyar Mahdiyya, kuma ya dawo daga zaman tilas a kasar Kamaru . Abubakar ya shaku da koyarwar harkar Mahdiyya, a takaice ya zama mabiyi; Daga baya ya auri diyar Hayatu, Maryam. Duk da haka, ta rasu bayan ta haifi ɗa namiji. Dan Abubakar Gumi na farko ba Ahmad Abubakar ba ne, Dr Hamza Abubakar likita ne da ke aiki a yanzu haka a birnin Riyadh na kasar Saudiyya, sai kuma Manjo Janar Abdulkadir Abubakar (rtd) da kuma yaya mata biyu – daya ya auri marigayi Mai shari’a Muhammadu Bello, tsohon alkalin alkalai na tarayya, dayan kuma ta auri Sheik Sunusi Gumbi, sanannen malamin addinin musulunci kuma dalibin Abubakar Gumi. A 1949 Gumi ya sami aikin koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru, Sakkwato. Makarantar tana da wani shahararren malami mai suna [[Aminu Kano]], wanda shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar malamai ta Arewa kuma mai kula da wasu ‘yan [[Makarantar Islamiyya|makarantun musulmi]] . Aminu da Gumi sun yi cudanya tare da raba ra’ayoyi kan tasirin al’ummar gargajiya da addinin Musulunci, da kuma halin ko in kula ko goyon bayan da ‘yan’uwan Sufaye suke ba wa halin da ake ciki na [[Bida|Bidi’a]] . Ya bar Maru ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar koyon Larabci da ke Kano. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya zama malami na tsawon shekaru biyu a makarantar. Ya kuma halarci makarantar ilimi a Sudan. <ref name="Hunwick">John Owen Hunwick. ''Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan'', Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. {{ISBN|0-8101-1037-7}}</ref> A 1957 ya zama mai fassara ga gwamnatin Arewacin Najeriya kan al'amuran [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] . == Rikici == Abubakar Gumi yana da ra'ayi game da tsarin mulki da na addini na jami'an masarautu a Arewacin Najeriya. Rikicin akidarsa na farko da hukumomi shine a Maru. Rikici ya shafi aikin Tayamum . Babban Limamin Masallacin Maru ya kasance yana yin wanka da yashi (Tayammum) gabanin Sallah yayin da Gumi ya yi nuni da cewa Tayammu ana amfani da ita ne kawai idan ba a samu ruwa ba, kuma ana samun ruwa sosai a Maru . Gumi ya ci gaba da kalubalantar wannan al’ada, inda ya nemi dalibai da kada su fito don yin Sallah har sai Imam ya fasa yin Taimiyya. Sai dai Gumi wanda a baya ya rubuta kakkausar murya kan Sarkin Musulmi, yanzu ya samu Sarkin Musulmi yana sha’awar kokensa da babban limamin Maru. An kafa kwamitin bincike kan lamarin tare da goyon bayan Sarkin Musulmi. Sai dai da yake Gumi ya fi sanin aqidar Musulunci, haka nan kuma basirarsa ta gardama, sai hukumar ta yanke hukunci a kan Gumi. [1] Bayan samun nasara kadan a kan Sarkin Musulmi, Gumi ya yi amfani da hankalin da ya samu ta hanyar rubuta wata kasida mai mahimmanci a kan batun Musulmi, musamman Sarkin Musulmi, ya karbi mukaman Ingila . A lokacin, sannu a hankali ya fara ƙalubalantar imani da halaye na ayyuka a tsakanin al'ummar musulmi. [ abubuwan da ake bukata ] Wani harin da Gumi ya kai shi ne kungiyar [[Ahmadiyya]] karkashin jagorancin [[Jibril Martin]] . Yunkurin ya kasance manufa mai sauƙi ga Gumi, saboda wasu ra'ayoyin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar sun yi hannun riga da ainihin akidar Musulunci, kamar yadda wanda ya kafa ya sanya kansa a matsayin annabci . Daga baya Gumi ya fara fargabar wannan harkar ne sakamakon kwarewar tsarin kungiya na wanda ya assasa Najeriya, a hankali kungiyar ta shiga cikin hukumar alhazai ta yammacin Najeriya, sannan ta kafa makarantun almajirai a Kudu sannan kuma ya tashi zuwa arewa wajen yada manufofin Ahmadiyya. Gumi ya dauki wannan kalubale cikin sauki sannan aka dakile manufar kungiyar ta arewa. == Bayyanarshi a Kafafen yaɗa labarai == Sheik Gumi ya yi hajjin sa na farko zuwa Makka a shekarar 1955 kuma Ahmadu Bello ne ya hada shi da shi. Yayin da yake Makka ya yi tafsirin ayyukan addinin Musulunci tare da Bello da Sarki Sa'ud. Ya kuma sadu da dimbin al'ummar al'ummar musulmi ko kuma al'ummar musulmi a kasar Saudiyya, wadanda da yawa daga baya suka zama masu kyautata masa bayan rasuwar Ahmadu Bello a shekarar 1966. Da ya dawo Najeriya ya fara koyarwa a Makarantar Koyon Larabci da ke Kano da kuma wasu Makarantun Musulmi da kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam (JNI) ta kafa wacce ke kusa da birnin Kaduna. Babban bangare na koyarwarsa ya mayar da hankali kan bambance-bambancen al'ada da addini, da yadda za a fahimta da kuma rungumar asalin Musulunci. Ya kuma rubuta tafsirin kur'ani wanda akasari a kan sunna, ya kuma fassara kur'ani daga Larabci zuwa Hausa . Wannan tsari ya kai ga yada Littafi Mai Tsarki ga dimbin jama’ar Arewacin Najeriya, kuma ra’ayoyinsa da sakonsa kan muhimman koyarwar Musulunci sun fara samun dimbin masu sauraro. [1] Sai dai adawar da ya yi da manyan 'yan uwantakar Sufaye kamar Tijjaniyya da Qadiriyya ta jawo masa suka a kai a kai, kuma wasu daga cikin musulmi suka rika kai masa hari kan tafsirinsa; ya kan amsa da cewa su ci gaba da yin tafsirin nasu, idan ba sa son nasa. [1] A shekarun 1970 ya zama mai yawan fitowa a shirye-shiryen talabijin, musamman a lokutan bukukuwan Musulunci. "Lokacin da muka je wurin jifan shaiɗan (Jamra) sa'ilin aikin Hajji, sai mutanenmu suka riƙa yin wasu abubuwa marasa ma'ana. "Wasu suka riƙa nemo manyan duwatsu, wasu kuma suka riƙa cire takalmansu suna jifan jamrah, suna zage-zage da furta munanan kalamai, da sunan jifan shaiɗan." Wannan na daga cikin abubuwan da suka sanya Sheikh Abubakar Gumi ya yi yunƙuri a hukumance na sake faɗakar da mabiya addinin Musulunci a Najeriya yadda ake yin addini, bayan sanar da Firimiyan arewa na farko Ahmadu Bello, kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗaliban marigayin, Sheikh Yusuf Sambo Rigachikun ya tabbatar wa BBC. Wannan yunƙuri ya haifar da kafa wasu ƙungiyoyi guda biyu waɗanda suka jagoranci tafiyar da lamurran addinin Musulunci a Najeriya - Jama'atu Nasril Islam, sai kuma daga baya Jama'atu Izalatil Bidi'a wa Iqamatussunnah - lamarin da ya yi tasiri kan miliyoyin mabiya addinin a Najeriya. Shekara 33 bayan rasuwarsa, miliyoyin Musulmai a Najeriya na ci gaba da bin koyarwarsa, sannan ƙungiyoyin da ya jagoranci kafawa ne a gaba-gaba wajen yaɗawa da kuma tafiyar da al'amuran Musulunci a ƙasar. Baya ga Shehu Usman Danfodiyo, wanda ya yi jihadin sake ɗabbaƙa addinin Musulunci a ƙasar Hausa a farkon shekarun 1800, ana ganin cewa babu wani malami da koyarsa ta Musulunci ta yi tasiri a Najeriya kamar Abubakar Gumi. Wasu masana addini ma na ganin tasirin da Gumi ya yi "ta fi" ta Usman Danfodio, kasancewar a lokacinsa akwai hanyoyin sadarwa irin su talabijin da rediyo da hanyar wallafa litattafai da jaridu, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen yaɗa ayyukansa a ƙasar Hausa da maƙwafta. <ref>Bbc</ref> == Kawo sauyi == Tun kafin yunƙurin samar da ƙungiyoyin sake ilimantar da Musulman Najeriya kan ibada, Abubakar Gumi ya kasance mutum mai neman kawo sauyi, lamarin da ya sa ya yi ƙaurin suna tsakanin malamai da sarakuna har ma da turawan mulkin mallaka. A cikin littafinsa na Manufata, Gumi ya tuno yadda ya ƙalubalanci malaman addinin Musulunci waɗanda suke yin addini "yadda suka ga dama". Gumi ya ce "Sufanci ya zamo jiki a tsakanin al'umma ta yadda babu wanda ya damu ya binciki ko ya yi daidai da koyawar al-Ƙur'ani da hadisan annabi Muhammad". Irin wannan yunƙuri nasa ya fara jan hankali ne a lokacin da yake koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru a shekarar 1949. A lokacin ya fahimci yadda malaman addini da kuma sauran al'umma ke cakuɗa ibada da al'adu ko wasu abubuwa na daban. Limamin Juma'a na Maru a wancan lokaci ya kasance yana yin taimama domin yin sallah a maimakon alwala da ruwa, duk kuwa da wadatuwar ruwan da kuma rashin wata hujja ta yin taimamar. Bayan yunƙurin da ya yi na faɗakar da limamin game da 'haramcin' hakan, amma abin ya ci tura, Gumi ya hana ɗalibansa halartar sallar Juma'a a babban masallacin Maru, inda ya riƙa jan su sallah a cikin makaranta. A matsayin martani, sarkin Maru ya rubuta takardar ƙorafi kan Abubakar Gumi zuwa ga fadar sarkin Musulmi da kuma hukumomi turawan mulkin mallaka. Sai dai a ƙarshe Abubakar Gumi ne ya yi nasara ta hanyar gabatar da hujjoji masu ƙarfi da suka tabbatar da koyarwarsa. A game da turawan mulkin mallaka, Gumi ya ce "Idan na tuna ɓarnar da mulkin mallakar Birtaniya ya yi a ƙasarmu, nakan riƙa mamakin yadda mutanenmu suka kwashe tsawon shekaru ba tare da sun fahimci hakan ba. "Hatta a tsakanin masu iliminmu, ƙalilan ne suke tsayawa su fahimci yadda mulkin mallaka ya illa ga tunaninmu".<ref>bbc</ref> == Littafin da ya yamutsa hazo == Littafin da Abubakar Gumi ya rubuta a shekara ta 1972 mai taken 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha bi-Muwafaqat al-Shar'i' ya haifar da zazzafar muhawara tsakanin Musulman arewacin Najeriya sanadiyyar kakkausar sukar da littafin ya yi kan wasu ayyuka na masu bin akidar sufanci. A wannan lokaci kusan ɗaukacin Musulman Najeriya na bin tsari ne na ɗariƙa, wadda ta samo asali daga koyarwa irin ta sufanci. Da farko Abubakar Gumi ya ce ya rubuta littafin ne domin amfanin masu ilimi, kasancewar koyarwar littafin zai yi tsaurin fahimta ga mabiya, waɗanda iliminsu bai yi nisa ba. Sai dai a lokacin da ya tafi Saudiyya, sai Mallam Isma'ila Idris ya ɗauki littafin ya yi wa'azi da shi a birnin Kaduna, wani abu da ya haifar da ruɗani, abin da ya kai ga dole sai da ya ajiye aikinsa na gwamnati a matsayin malami. Bayan ajiye aiki, Mallam Idris ya shiga aikin soja, inda ya yi aiki a garuruwa da dama na Najeriya, kafin mayar da shi garin Jos, kuma duk inda ya je ya riƙa koyar da karatu ta hanyar amfani da littafin Sheikh Gumi na 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha'. Wannan ne ya haifar da ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar Izalatil Bidi'a wa iƙamatussunnah a birnin Jos. Da'awar Gumi na kira ga Musulmi su yi aiki da karantarwar al-Ƙur'ani da kuma Hadisan Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) kawai, wani abu da ake ganin ya kawo gagarumin sauyi a yadda ake tafiyar da ibada a Najeriya da wasu ƙasashen da ke maƙwaftaka a lokacin.<ref>bbc</ref> == Wane ne Abubakar Gumi? == An haifi Abubakar Mahmud Gumi ne ranar Juma'a 7 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1924, wadda ita ce Juma'a ta ƙarshe ta watan Ramadan na shekara ta 1344 bayan hijira, kamar yadda malamin ya bayyana a cikin litattafinsa. Shahararren malamin addinin Musulunci ne kuma masanin shari'a, wanda ya kai har matsayin Alkalin Alkalai (Grand kadi) na arewacin Najeriya. Ya fara samun ilimi ne a wajen mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi. Sunan mahaifinsa Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, wanda ake kiransa da Na-Gumi, saboda zaman da ya yi a garin Gumi bayan zama a wurare daban-daban na ƙasar Hausa, kamar Katsina, Borno da Dutse. Mahaifin Abubakar Gumi ya kasance babban malamin addinin Musulunci da shari'a, kuma ɗaya daga cikin malamai da aka fi girmamawa a yankin Sokoto da Zamfara da kuma Kebbi a zamaninsa. Kakan mahaifin Abubakar Gumi shi ne Sheikh Aliyu Barou el-Badawi, wanda ya fito daga ƙabilar Larabawa ta Bedouin, waɗanda aka sani da kiwo a yankin Larabawa da arewacin nahiyar Afirka. Babu cikakken bayani kan yadda ya isa yankin Sokoto, amma dai ana ganin zuwan sa ba ya rasa nasaba da ziyarar da Larabawa suka riƙa yi zuwa ƙasar Hausa bayan ƙarni na 15, lokacin da Musulunci ya samu karɓuwa a ƙasar Hausa. Sunan mahaifiyar Abubakar Gumi Hafsatu, ɗiyar Malam Adamu, wadda mahaifinsa ya aura lokacin da yake koyarwa a Jega.<ref>bbc</ref> == Karatu == Abubakar Gumi ya fara karatunsa ne a hannun mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, inda ya haddace al-Ƙur'ani sannan kuma ya yi karatun litattafai da dama. Bayan nan a shekara ta 1933 ya shiga makarantar boko ta Dogon Daji Elementary School, inda daga baya aka mayar da shi makarantar Middle da ke Sokoto a shekara ta 1936. Daga nan ne ya tafi makarantar ilimin shari'a ta Kano. Sannan a shekara ta 1952 ya zurfafa karatu a makarantar koyar da Larabci ta Kano. Daga nan ne kuma ya yi karatun babbar difloma a cibiyar ilimi ta Bakht al-Rida da ke Sudan daga shekarar 1955 zuwa 1956. A shekarar 1987, Gumi ya lashe kyautar Sarki Faisal kan hidima ga addinin Muslunci. Daga cikin abubuwan da suka sa ya cancanci lambar girmamawar su ne wa'azi da kuma koyar da addinin Musulunci, taimakawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam da fassara alƙur'ani zuwa harshen Hausa da kuma rubuta litattafai na addinin Musulunci.<ref>bbc</ref> == Ayyukan ilimi == Abubakar Gumi ya yi gagarumar hidima ta hanyar rubuce-rubuce da kuma fassarar litattafai na addini.<ref>Bbc</ref> Litattafan da ya rubuta waɗanda suka fi yin fice sun haɗa da:<ref>Bbc</ref> * Tafsirin Al-ƙur'ani na '''Rad al-Azhan ila Ma'ani al-Qur`an''' * Al-Aqidah al-Sahiha bi Muwafaqat al-Shari'a * Kitab al-Nasihaila Amir MantiqatKatsina * Manufata / Where I Stand * Hal al-Niza` fi Mas´alatNuzul Isa alaih al-Salatwa al-Salam * Musulunchi da Abinda ke Rushe Shi * Zad al-Haj * Kitab Maratib al-Islam * Kitab Manasik al-hajwa al-Umra '''Fassara:''' * Fassarar ma'anonin al-Ƙur'ani mai girma * Fassarar Hadisai Arba'in (al-Nawawi) * Fassarar littafin Nur al-Bab * Fassarar littafin Hidayat al-Tullab fiAhamMasail al-Din == Rasuwa == Sheikh Abubakar Mahmoud Gumi ya rasu ne a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1992, a birnin Landan na ƙasar Birtaniya. A lokacin da ya rasu, al'umma sun girgiza kasancerwar sa mutumin da ya samu karɓuwa a tsakanin shugabanni da masu sarauta da kuma sauran al'umma. Gumi ya kasance malami, alƙali kuma tsani tsakanin shugabanni da talakawa. Baya ga batun addini, Sheikh Gumi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ɓangaren mulki da kuma ayyukan gwamnati. Ya kasance mai kusanci sosai ga masu mulki, sannan ya riƙa ƙarfafa wa al'ummar arewacin Najeriya, musamman Musulmai gwiwa wajen shiga ayyukan gwamnati da karatun zamani. Tsarin koyarwarsa ya sha bamban, inda ake yaba masa wajen haƙuri tare da ƙoƙarin ganin al'umma sun fahimci abin da yake koyarwa.<ref>bbc</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gumi, Abubakar Mahmud}} 2772613ghxdqet31shso63yycvg6o1b 829884 829881 2026-05-05T05:08:04Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829884 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Sultan Bello Mosque 05.jpg|thumb|Masallacin [[Masallacin Sarkin Musulmi Bello|Sultan Bello]] dake Kaduna inda Malam Abubakar Gummi ya yi limanci tare da gabatar da wa'azinsa.]] [[File:Abubakar Mahmoud Gummi.jpg|thumb|Malam Abubakar Gummi]] '''Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi''' (an haife shi a shekara 1962 –zuwa shekarar 1992)<ref name="HunwickO'Fahey1994">{{cite book|author1=John O. Hunwick|author2=Rex Séan O'Fahey|title=Arabic Literature of Africa: The writings of central Sudanic Africa Vol.2. Volume 13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nKXOThUEpcC&pg=PA551dq=Abubakar+Gummi+1922|year=1994|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-10494-1|page=551}}</ref> malamin Addinin Musulunci ne ɗan Najeriya kuma alƙalin alƙalai na yankin [[Arewacin Najeriya]], matsayin da ya sanya shi ya zama cibiyar tafsirin tsarin shari’a a yankin. Ya kasance na kusa da [[Ahmadu Bello]], Firimiyan Arewa a shekarun alif 1950 zuwa 1960 kuma ya zama Grand Khadi a shekara ta 1967, Kafin a soke wannan mukamin daga baya. Gummi ya fito a matsayin shugaba mai faɗa a ji a lokacin mulkin mallaka, inda yake ganin tsarin mulkin kai tsaye ya raunana ƙarfin addini na sarakuna da kuma ƙarfafa Turawan Yamma. Tun daga shekarun alif 1960 ne ake samun rigingimu tsakanin jama’a tsakaninsa da shugabannin ‘yan’uwantakar Sufaye, waɗanda daga baya ya yi muhawara a shirye-shiryen talabijin a shekarun alif 1970 zuwa shekara ta alif 1980. A wannan lokacin ya ci gaba da maida hankalinsa wajen gudanar da tarukan juma'a a cikin babban masallacin Kaduna ([[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]). Ya yi amfani da zaman wajen Farfaɗo da sukar da ya ke yi wa hukumomi bisa ga ra'ayinsa na koma baya ga tsarin tushen ko kuma buƙatar rungumar aikin tsafta na Musulunci. Ya kuma yi suka da kakkausar murya kan shigar sufanci. Yana da ’ya’ya da yawa, daga ciki akwai [[Ahmad Gummi|Dr. Ahmad Abubakar Gummi]] wanda ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin malamin babban masallacin Kaduna (Sultan Bello), Dakta Ahmad Gummi ƙwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] Zariya. kuma tsohon hafsan soji ne, ya bar aikin soja, ya yi tattaki zuwa jami'ar umm al-Qura da ke [[Makkah]], ƙasar [[Saudiyya]] inda ya yi karatun digirin digirgir (PhD). Gummi mabiyin mazhabar [[malikiyya]] ne, wannan ya samo asali ne ta hanyar rubuce-rubucen sa da suka haɗa da tafsirin alƙur'ani (Raddul azhaan ila ma'anil Ƙur'an). da sauran littafai kamar (hullu nizam ala nuzuul isa) da (Al-Aqidatus As-Saheehah bi muwafaqati ash- Shari'ah) da sauransu == Karatu == Ya yi karatu da rubuce-rubuce a kan addinin [[musulunci]] sosai, ya fassara [[Qur'an|Qur'ani]] zuwa [[Hausa|harshen Hausa]], kuma shi ne mutum na farko da ya rubuta tarjama wato fassarar ɗai-ɗaikun ayoyin dake Alkur'ani.<ref>John N. Paden, Muslim Civic Cultures and Conflict Resolution: the challenge of democratic federalism in Nigeria, Brookings Institution Press, 2005. p 60. ISBN 0-8157-6817-6</ref> Hakan ne ya sa ya samu nasarar samun kyautar Sarki Faisal(King Faisal Award), daga ƙasar saudiya. Malamin dai ya kasance babban aboki kuma mai ba wa Firimiya [[Ahmadu Bello]] Sardaunan Sakkwato shawara. Shi ne mahaifin Dakta Shaikh [[Ahmad Gumi]]. == Shahara == Gummi ya shahara tun lokacin mulkin mallakar Turawa a matsayin mai faɗa a ji, yana sukar salon Mulkin [[Turawa]], cewa ya karya lagon sarakunan Musulmi kuma hakan yana Ƙara karfafa al'adun Turai a ƙasashen musulunci. A farkon shekara ta 1960 an samu ɓarkewar rikici tsakanin sa da malaman sufaye wanda daga baya rikicin ya koma muhawara a gidajen rediyo da talabijin a shekarun 1970 zuwa shekara ta 1980.<ref>The Independent: "Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi" by Karl Maier 16 September 1992</ref> Ya riƙa amfani da ranakun Juma'a a matsayin lokutan yaɗa aƙidunsa a babban Masallacin Juma'a na [[Kaduna]] mai suna [[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]. == Dangi == Abubakar Gummi ba a san takamaiman yawan yayansa ba, amma mafi shahara a cikinsu shi ne Dr. [[Ahmad Abubakar Gummi]] Wanda shi ne ya gaji Mahaifinsa a matsayin mai gabatar da wa'azi a masallacin na Sultan Bello dake Kaduna. Dr Ahmad Gummi ƙwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke [[Zariya]]. Kuma tsohon jami'in sojin Nijeriya ne, ya bar aikin soja inda ya tafi zuwa ƙasar Saudiyya domin karanta ilimin fiƙihu, a jami'ar [[Ummul Quraa]] da ke birnin [[Makkah|Makka]] inda ya samu shaidar digirin digir-gir.<ref>John Owen Hunwick. Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan, Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. ISBN 0-8101-1037-7</ref> [[File:Nigerian Public Domain 105.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Abubakar Gumi a shekarar 1970.]] == Tarihi == === Rayuwar farko da ilimi === An haifi Sheikh Gummi a garin Gummi (yanzu karamar hukuma ce a jihar Zamfara ) a ranar Juma'ar karshe na watan Ramadan shekara ta 1344, ga iyalan Mahmud, malamin addinin Musulunci kuma Alkali (alkali) na Gummi. Iliminsa ya fara ne a bangon danginsa lokacin yana dalibin koyarwar addinin musulunci na mahaifinsa. Daga nan ya wuce makarantar da ke karkashin kulawar wani Malami mai suna Musa da ke Ambursa a lardin Sakkwato . A nan aka gabatar da shi ilimin Fiqhu da karanta littafai da waqoqin yabo ga Annabi. Makarantar boko ta farko da ya yi ita ce makarantar firamare ta Dogondaji, yayin da a makarantar firamare ya hadu da Sarkin Musulmi na 18 a nan gaba, Ibrahim Dasuki, kuma ya yi fice a harkokin addini. An nada shi Hakimin Salla (shugaban sallah) kuma an dora masa alhakin ciyar da dalibai ayyukan addini. A cikin shekara guda aka mayar da shi Makarantar Midil ta Sakkwato, inda Ahmadu Bello yake koyarwa. A nan ne ya saba da Shehu Shagari, da Waziri Muhammadu Junaidu, da Yahaya Gusau; na baya-bayan nan shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam, wata fitacciyar kungiyar Musulmi ta Najeriya . Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na secondary ya tafi [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] inda ya karanta fannin shari'a sannan ya samu horon Qadi . Ya fara aiki a matsayin magatakarda ga Qadi Attahiru amma ba da jimawa ba ya rasa nasaba da takamaiman aikinsa. Ya ba da darussa na sirri kan Musulunci da [[tafsiri]] a matsayin kubuta daga bacin ransa. Ya rasa mahaifinsa a shekara ta 1937 a lokacin da yake makarantar sakandare. Ya yi aure bayan shekara 3 da Maryama a shekarar 1941 yana dan shekara 19. <ref name="IndependentObit">{{Cite web |date=1992-09-15 |title=Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sheikh-abubakar-mahmud-gumi-1551628.html |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> === Farkon aiki === A shekarar 1947 Abubakar Gumi ya bar aikin sakatare na Qadi Attahiru ya tafi koyarwa a makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta Kano, wadda ya taba halarta a baya. A lokacin da yake Kano, ya hadu da Sheik Sa'id Hayatu, dan shugaban Mahdiyya na karni na 19, Hayatu ibn Sa'id, kuma wani mutum da ake ganin yana daya daga cikin fitattun wadanda mulkin mallaka ya rutsa da su. Shi ne shugaban kungiyar Mahdiyya, kuma ya dawo daga zaman tilas a kasar Kamaru . Abubakar ya shaku da koyarwar harkar Mahdiyya, a takaice ya zama mabiyi; Daga baya ya auri diyar Hayatu, Maryam. Duk da haka, ta rasu bayan ta haifi ɗa namiji. Dan Abubakar Gumi na farko ba Ahmad Abubakar ba ne, Dr Hamza Abubakar likita ne da ke aiki a yanzu haka a birnin Riyadh na kasar Saudiyya, sai kuma Manjo Janar Abdulkadir Abubakar (rtd) da kuma yaya mata biyu – daya ya auri marigayi Mai shari’a Muhammadu Bello, tsohon alkalin alkalai na tarayya, dayan kuma ta auri Sheik Sunusi Gumbi, sanannen malamin addinin musulunci kuma dalibin Abubakar Gumi. A 1949 Gumi ya sami aikin koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru, Sakkwato. Makarantar tana da wani shahararren malami mai suna [[Aminu Kano]], wanda shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar malamai ta Arewa kuma mai kula da wasu ‘yan [[Makarantar Islamiyya|makarantun musulmi]] . Aminu da Gumi sun yi cudanya tare da raba ra’ayoyi kan tasirin al’ummar gargajiya da addinin Musulunci, da kuma halin ko in kula ko goyon bayan da ‘yan’uwan Sufaye suke ba wa halin da ake ciki na [[Bida|Bidi’a]] . Ya bar Maru ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar koyon Larabci da ke Kano. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya zama malami na tsawon shekaru biyu a makarantar. Ya kuma halarci makarantar ilimi a Sudan. <ref name="Hunwick">John Owen Hunwick. ''Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan'', Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. {{ISBN|0-8101-1037-7}}</ref> A 1957 ya zama mai fassara ga gwamnatin Arewacin Najeriya kan al'amuran [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] . == Rikici == Abubakar Gumi yana da ra'ayi game da tsarin mulki da na addini na jami'an masarautu a Arewacin Najeriya. Rikicin akidarsa na farko da hukumomi shine a Maru. Rikici ya shafi aikin Tayamum . Babban Limamin Masallacin Maru ya kasance yana yin wanka da yashi (Tayammum) gabanin Sallah yayin da Gumi ya yi nuni da cewa Tayammu ana amfani da ita ne kawai idan ba a samu ruwa ba, kuma ana samun ruwa sosai a Maru . Gumi ya ci gaba da kalubalantar wannan al’ada, inda ya nemi dalibai da kada su fito don yin Sallah har sai Imam ya fasa yin Taimiyya. Sai dai Gumi wanda a baya ya rubuta kakkausar murya kan Sarkin Musulmi, yanzu ya samu Sarkin Musulmi yana sha’awar kokensa da babban limamin Maru. An kafa kwamitin bincike kan lamarin tare da goyon bayan Sarkin Musulmi. Sai dai da yake Gumi ya fi sanin aqidar Musulunci, haka nan kuma basirarsa ta gardama, sai hukumar ta yanke hukunci a kan Gumi. [1] Bayan samun nasara kadan a kan Sarkin Musulmi, Gumi ya yi amfani da hankalin da ya samu ta hanyar rubuta wata kasida mai mahimmanci a kan batun Musulmi, musamman Sarkin Musulmi, ya karbi mukaman Ingila . A lokacin, sannu a hankali ya fara ƙalubalantar imani da halaye na ayyuka a tsakanin al'ummar musulmi. [ abubuwan da ake bukata ] Wani harin da Gumi ya kai shi ne kungiyar [[Ahmadiyya]] karkashin jagorancin [[Jibril Martin]] . Yunkurin ya kasance manufa mai sauƙi ga Gumi, saboda wasu ra'ayoyin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar sun yi hannun riga da ainihin akidar Musulunci, kamar yadda wanda ya kafa ya sanya kansa a matsayin annabci . Daga baya Gumi ya fara fargabar wannan harkar ne sakamakon kwarewar tsarin kungiya na wanda ya assasa Najeriya, a hankali kungiyar ta shiga cikin hukumar alhazai ta yammacin Najeriya, sannan ta kafa makarantun almajirai a Kudu sannan kuma ya tashi zuwa arewa wajen yada manufofin Ahmadiyya. Gumi ya dauki wannan kalubale cikin sauki sannan aka dakile manufar kungiyar ta arewa. == Bayyanarshi a Kafafen yaɗa labarai == Sheik Gumi ya yi hajjin sa na farko zuwa Makka a shekarar 1955 kuma Ahmadu Bello ne ya hada shi da shi. Yayin da yake Makka ya yi tafsirin ayyukan addinin Musulunci tare da Bello da Sarki Sa'ud. Ya kuma sadu da dimbin al'ummar al'ummar musulmi ko kuma al'ummar musulmi a kasar Saudiyya, wadanda da yawa daga baya suka zama masu kyautata masa bayan rasuwar Ahmadu Bello a shekarar 1966. Da ya dawo Najeriya ya fara koyarwa a Makarantar Koyon Larabci da ke Kano da kuma wasu Makarantun Musulmi da kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam (JNI) ta kafa wacce ke kusa da birnin Kaduna. Babban bangare na koyarwarsa ya mayar da hankali kan bambance-bambancen al'ada da addini, da yadda za a fahimta da kuma rungumar asalin Musulunci. Ya kuma rubuta tafsirin kur'ani wanda akasari a kan sunna, ya kuma fassara kur'ani daga Larabci zuwa Hausa . Wannan tsari ya kai ga yada Littafi Mai Tsarki ga dimbin jama’ar Arewacin Najeriya, kuma ra’ayoyinsa da sakonsa kan muhimman koyarwar Musulunci sun fara samun dimbin masu sauraro. [1] Sai dai adawar da ya yi da manyan 'yan uwantakar Sufaye kamar Tijjaniyya da Qadiriyya ta jawo masa suka a kai a kai, kuma wasu daga cikin musulmi suka rika kai masa hari kan tafsirinsa; ya kan amsa da cewa su ci gaba da yin tafsirin nasu, idan ba sa son nasa. [1] A shekarun 1970 ya zama mai yawan fitowa a shirye-shiryen talabijin, musamman a lokutan bukukuwan Musulunci. "Lokacin da muka je wurin jifan shaiɗan (Jamra) sa'ilin aikin Hajji, sai mutanenmu suka riƙa yin wasu abubuwa marasa ma'ana. "Wasu suka riƙa nemo manyan duwatsu, wasu kuma suka riƙa cire takalmansu suna jifan jamrah, suna zage-zage da furta munanan kalamai, da sunan jifan shaiɗan." Wannan na daga cikin abubuwan da suka sanya Sheikh Abubakar Gumi ya yi yunƙuri a hukumance na sake faɗakar da mabiya addinin Musulunci a Najeriya yadda ake yin addini, bayan sanar da Firimiyan arewa na farko Ahmadu Bello, kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗaliban marigayin, Sheikh Yusuf Sambo Rigachikun ya tabbatar wa BBC. Wannan yunƙuri ya haifar da kafa wasu ƙungiyoyi guda biyu waɗanda suka jagoranci tafiyar da lamurran addinin Musulunci a Najeriya - Jama'atu Nasril Islam, sai kuma daga baya Jama'atu Izalatil Bidi'a wa Iqamatussunnah - lamarin da ya yi tasiri kan miliyoyin mabiya addinin a Najeriya. Shekara 33 bayan rasuwarsa, miliyoyin Musulmai a Najeriya na ci gaba da bin koyarwarsa, sannan ƙungiyoyin da ya jagoranci kafawa ne a gaba-gaba wajen yaɗawa da kuma tafiyar da al'amuran Musulunci a ƙasar. Baya ga Shehu Usman Danfodiyo, wanda ya yi jihadin sake ɗabbaƙa addinin Musulunci a ƙasar Hausa a farkon shekarun 1800, ana ganin cewa babu wani malami da koyarsa ta Musulunci ta yi tasiri a Najeriya kamar Abubakar Gumi. Wasu masana addini ma na ganin tasirin da Gumi ya yi "ta fi" ta Usman Danfodio, kasancewar a lokacinsa akwai hanyoyin sadarwa irin su talabijin da rediyo da hanyar wallafa litattafai da jaridu, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen yaɗa ayyukansa a ƙasar Hausa da maƙwafta. <ref>Bbc</ref> == Kawo sauyi == Tun kafin yunƙurin samar da ƙungiyoyin sake ilimantar da Musulman Najeriya kan ibada, Abubakar Gumi ya kasance mutum mai neman kawo sauyi, lamarin da ya sa ya yi ƙaurin suna tsakanin malamai da sarakuna har ma da turawan mulkin mallaka. A cikin littafinsa na Manufata, Gumi ya tuno yadda ya ƙalubalanci malaman addinin Musulunci waɗanda suke yin addini "yadda suka ga dama". Gumi ya ce "Sufanci ya zamo jiki a tsakanin al'umma ta yadda babu wanda ya damu ya binciki ko ya yi daidai da koyawar al-Ƙur'ani da hadisan annabi Muhammad". Irin wannan yunƙuri nasa ya fara jan hankali ne a lokacin da yake koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru a shekarar 1949. A lokacin ya fahimci yadda malaman addini da kuma sauran al'umma ke cakuɗa ibada da al'adu ko wasu abubuwa na daban. Limamin Juma'a na Maru a wancan lokaci ya kasance yana yin taimama domin yin sallah a maimakon alwala da ruwa, duk kuwa da wadatuwar ruwan da kuma rashin wata hujja ta yin taimamar. Bayan yunƙurin da ya yi na faɗakar da limamin game da 'haramcin' hakan, amma abin ya ci tura, Gumi ya hana ɗalibansa halartar sallar Juma'a a babban masallacin Maru, inda ya riƙa jan su sallah a cikin makaranta. A matsayin martani, sarkin Maru ya rubuta takardar ƙorafi kan Abubakar Gumi zuwa ga fadar sarkin Musulmi da kuma hukumomi turawan mulkin mallaka. Sai dai a ƙarshe Abubakar Gumi ne ya yi nasara ta hanyar gabatar da hujjoji masu ƙarfi da suka tabbatar da koyarwarsa. A game da turawan mulkin mallaka, Gumi ya ce "Idan na tuna ɓarnar da mulkin mallakar Birtaniya ya yi a ƙasarmu, nakan riƙa mamakin yadda mutanenmu suka kwashe tsawon shekaru ba tare da sun fahimci hakan ba. "Hatta a tsakanin masu iliminmu, ƙalilan ne suke tsayawa su fahimci yadda mulkin mallaka ya illa ga tunaninmu".<ref>bbc</ref> == Littafin da ya yamutsa hazo == Littafin da Abubakar Gumi ya rubuta a shekara ta 1972 mai taken 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha bi-Muwafaqat al-Shar'i' ya haifar da zazzafar muhawara tsakanin Musulman arewacin Najeriya sanadiyyar kakkausar sukar da littafin ya yi kan wasu ayyuka na masu bin akidar sufanci. A wannan lokaci kusan ɗaukacin Musulman Najeriya na bin tsari ne na ɗariƙa, wadda ta samo asali daga koyarwa irin ta sufanci. Da farko Abubakar Gumi ya ce ya rubuta littafin ne domin amfanin masu ilimi, kasancewar koyarwar littafin zai yi tsaurin fahimta ga mabiya, waɗanda iliminsu bai yi nisa ba. Sai dai a lokacin da ya tafi Saudiyya, sai Mallam Isma'ila Idris ya ɗauki littafin ya yi wa'azi da shi a birnin Kaduna, wani abu da ya haifar da ruɗani, abin da ya kai ga dole sai da ya ajiye aikinsa na gwamnati a matsayin malami. Bayan ajiye aiki, Mallam Idris ya shiga aikin soja, inda ya yi aiki a garuruwa da dama na Najeriya, kafin mayar da shi garin Jos, kuma duk inda ya je ya riƙa koyar da karatu ta hanyar amfani da littafin Sheikh Gumi na 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha'. Wannan ne ya haifar da ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar Izalatil Bidi'a wa iƙamatussunnah a birnin Jos. Da'awar Gumi na kira ga Musulmi su yi aiki da karantarwar al-Ƙur'ani da kuma Hadisan Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) kawai, wani abu da ake ganin ya kawo gagarumin sauyi a yadda ake tafiyar da ibada a Najeriya da wasu ƙasashen da ke maƙwaftaka a lokacin.<ref>bbc</ref> == Wane ne Abubakar Gumi? == An haifi Abubakar Mahmud Gumi ne ranar Juma'a 7 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1924, wadda ita ce Juma'a ta ƙarshe ta watan Ramadan na shekara ta 1344 bayan hijira, kamar yadda malamin ya bayyana a cikin litattafinsa. Shahararren malamin addinin Musulunci ne kuma masanin shari'a, wanda ya kai har matsayin Alkalin Alkalai (Grand kadi) na arewacin Najeriya. Ya fara samun ilimi ne a wajen mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi. Sunan mahaifinsa Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, wanda ake kiransa da Na-Gumi, saboda zaman da ya yi a garin Gumi bayan zama a wurare daban-daban na ƙasar Hausa, kamar Katsina, Borno da Dutse. Mahaifin Abubakar Gumi ya kasance babban malamin addinin Musulunci da shari'a, kuma ɗaya daga cikin malamai da aka fi girmamawa a yankin Sokoto da Zamfara da kuma Kebbi a zamaninsa. Kakan mahaifin Abubakar Gumi shi ne Sheikh Aliyu Barou el-Badawi, wanda ya fito daga ƙabilar Larabawa ta Bedouin, waɗanda aka sani da kiwo a yankin Larabawa da arewacin nahiyar Afirka. Babu cikakken bayani kan yadda ya isa yankin Sokoto, amma dai ana ganin zuwan sa ba ya rasa nasaba da ziyarar da Larabawa suka riƙa yi zuwa ƙasar Hausa bayan ƙarni na 15, lokacin da Musulunci ya samu karɓuwa a ƙasar Hausa. Sunan mahaifiyar Abubakar Gumi Hafsatu, ɗiyar Malam Adamu, wadda mahaifinsa ya aura lokacin da yake koyarwa a Jega.<ref>bbc</ref> == Karatu == Abubakar Gumi ya fara karatunsa ne a hannun mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, inda ya haddace al-Ƙur'ani sannan kuma ya yi karatun litattafai da dama. Bayan nan a shekara ta 1933 ya shiga makarantar boko ta Dogon Daji Elementary School, inda daga baya aka mayar da shi makarantar Middle da ke Sokoto a shekara ta 1936. Daga nan ne ya tafi makarantar ilimin shari'a ta Kano. Sannan a shekara ta 1952 ya zurfafa karatu a makarantar koyar da Larabci ta Kano. Daga nan ne kuma ya yi karatun babbar difloma a cibiyar ilimi ta Bakht al-Rida da ke Sudan daga shekarar 1955 zuwa 1956. A shekarar 1987, Gumi ya lashe kyautar Sarki Faisal kan hidima ga addinin Muslunci. Daga cikin abubuwan da suka sa ya cancanci lambar girmamawar su ne wa'azi da kuma koyar da addinin Musulunci, taimakawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam da fassara alƙur'ani zuwa harshen Hausa da kuma rubuta litattafai na addinin Musulunci.<ref>bbc</ref> == Ayyukan ilimi == Abubakar Gumi ya yi gagarumar hidima ta hanyar rubuce-rubuce da kuma fassarar litattafai na addini.<ref>Bbc</ref> Litattafan da ya rubuta waɗanda suka fi yin fice sun haɗa da:<ref>Bbc</ref> * Tafsirin Al-ƙur'ani na '''Rad al-Azhan ila Ma'ani al-Qur`an''' * Al-Aqidah al-Sahiha bi Muwafaqat al-Shari'a * Kitab al-Nasihaila Amir MantiqatKatsina * Manufata / Where I Stand * Hal al-Niza` fi Mas´alatNuzul Isa alaih al-Salatwa al-Salam * Musulunchi da Abinda ke Rushe Shi * Zad al-Haj * Kitab Maratib al-Islam * Kitab Manasik al-hajwa al-Umra '''Fassara:''' * Fassarar ma'anonin al-Ƙur'ani mai girma * Fassarar Hadisai Arba'in (al-Nawawi) * Fassarar littafin Nur al-Bab * Fassarar littafin Hidayat al-Tullab fiAhamMasail al-Din == Rasuwa == Sheikh Abubakar Mahmoud Gumi ya rasu ne a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1992, a birnin Landan na ƙasar Birtaniya. A lokacin da ya rasu, al'umma sun girgiza kasancerwar sa mutumin da ya samu karɓuwa a tsakanin shugabanni da masu sarauta da kuma sauran al'umma. Gumi ya kasance malami, alƙali kuma tsani tsakanin shugabanni da talakawa. Baya ga batun addini, Sheikh Gumi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ɓangaren mulki da kuma ayyukan gwamnati. Ya kasance mai kusanci sosai ga masu mulki, sannan ya riƙa ƙarfafa wa al'ummar arewacin Najeriya, musamman Musulmai gwiwa wajen shiga ayyukan gwamnati da karatun zamani. Tsarin koyarwarsa ya sha bamban, inda ake yaba masa wajen haƙuri tare da ƙoƙarin ganin al'umma sun fahimci abin da yake koyarwa.<ref>bbc</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gumi, Abubakar Mahmud}} ifnt56zua7jp3t09iee28givdjwwyvo 829886 829884 2026-05-05T05:08:38Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829886 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Sultan Bello Mosque 05.jpg|thumb|Masallacin [[Masallacin Sarkin Musulmi Bello|Sultan Bello]] dake Kaduna inda Malam Abubakar Gummi ya yi limanci tare da gabatar da wa'azinsa.]] [[File:Abubakar Mahmoud Gummi.jpg|thumb|Malam Abubakar Gummi]] '''Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi''' (an haife shi a shekara 1962 –zuwa shekarar 1992)<ref name="HunwickO'Fahey1994">{{cite book|author1=John O. Hunwick|author2=Rex Séan O'Fahey|title=Arabic Literature of Africa: The writings of central Sudanic Africa Vol.2. Volume 13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nKXOThUEpcC&pg=PA551dq=Abubakar+Gummi+1922|year=1994|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-10494-1|page=551}}</ref> malamin Addinin Musulunci ne ɗan Najeriya kuma alƙalin alƙalai na yankin [[Arewacin Najeriya]], matsayin da ya sanya shi ya zama cibiyar tafsirin tsarin shari’a a yankin. Ya kasance na kusa da [[Ahmadu Bello]], Firimiyan Arewa a shekarun alif 1950 zuwa 1960 kuma ya zama Grand Khadi a shekara ta 1967, Kafin a soke wannan mukamin daga baya. Gummi ya fito a matsayin shugaba mai faɗa a ji a lokacin mulkin mallaka, inda yake ganin tsarin mulkin kai tsaye ya raunana ƙarfin addini na sarakuna da kuma ƙarfafa Turawan Yamma. Tun daga shekarun alif 1960 ne ake samun rigingimu tsakanin jama’a tsakaninsa da shugabannin ‘yan’uwantakar Sufaye, waɗanda daga baya ya yi muhawara a shirye-shiryen talabijin a shekarun alif 1970 zuwa shekara ta alif 1980. A wannan lokacin ya ci gaba da maida hankalinsa wajen gudanar da tarukan juma'a a cikin babban masallacin Kaduna ([[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]). Ya yi amfani da zaman wajen Farfaɗo da sukar da ya ke yi wa hukumomi bisa ga ra'ayinsa na koma baya ga tsarin tushen ko kuma buƙatar rungumar aikin tsafta na Musulunci. Ya kuma yi suka da kakkausar murya kan shigar sufanci. Yana da ’ya’ya da yawa, daga ciki akwai [[Ahmad Gummi|Dr. Ahmad Abubakar Gummi]] wanda ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin malamin babban masallacin Kaduna (Sultan Bello), Dakta Ahmad Gummi ƙwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] Zariya. kuma tsohon hafsan soji ne, ya bar aikin soja, ya yi tattaki zuwa jami'ar umm al-Qura da ke [[Makkah]], ƙasar [[Saudiyya]] inda ya yi karatun digirin digirgir (PhD). Gummi mabiyin mazhabar [[malikiyya]] ne, wannan ya samo asali ne ta hanyar rubuce-rubucen sa da suka haɗa da tafsirin alƙur'ani (Raddul azhaan ila ma'anil Ƙur'an). da sauran littafai kamar (hullu nizam ala nuzuul isa) da (Al-Aqidatus As-Saheehah bi muwafaqati ash- Shari'ah) da sauransu == Karatu == Ya yi karatu da rubuce-rubuce a kan addinin [[musulunci]] sosai, ya fassara [[Qur'an|Qur'ani]] zuwa [[Hausa|harshen Hausa]], kuma shi ne mutum na farko da ya rubuta tarjama wato fassarar ɗai-ɗaikun ayoyin dake Alkur'ani.<ref>John N. Paden, Muslim Civic Cultures and Conflict Resolution: the challenge of democratic federalism in Nigeria, Brookings Institution Press, 2005. p 60. ISBN 0-8157-6817-6</ref> Hakan ne ya sa ya samu nasarar samun kyautar Sarki Faisal(King Faisal Award), daga ƙasar saudiya. Malamin dai ya kasance babban aboki kuma mai ba wa Firimiya [[Ahmadu Bello]] Sardaunan Sakkwato shawara. Shi ne mahaifin Dakta Shaikh [[Ahmad Gumi]]. == Shahara == Gummi ya shahara tun lokacin mulkin mallakar Turawa a matsayin mai faɗa a ji, yana sukar salon Mulkin [[Turawa]], cewa ya karya lagon sarakunan Musulmi kuma hakan yana Ƙara karfafa al'adun Turai a ƙasashen musulunci. A farkon shekara ta 1960 an samu ɓarkewar rikici tsakanin sa da malaman sufaye wanda daga baya rikicin ya koma muhawara a gidajen rediyo da talabijin a shekarun 1970 zuwa shekara ta 1980.<ref>The Independent: "Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi" by Karl Maier 16 September 1992</ref> Ya riƙa amfani da ranakun Juma'a a matsayin lokutan yaɗa aƙidunsa a babban Masallacin Juma'a na [[Kaduna]] mai suna [[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]. == Dangi == Abubakar Gummi ba a san takamaiman yawan yayansa ba, amma mafi shahara a cikinsu shi ne Dr. [[Ahmad Abubakar Gummi]] Wanda shi ne ya gaji Mahaifinsa a matsayin mai gabatar da wa'azi a masallacin na Sultan Bello dake Kaduna. Dr Ahmad Gummi ƙwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke [[Zariya]]. Kuma tsohon jami'in sojin Nijeriya ne, ya bar aikin soja inda ya tafi zuwa ƙasar Saudiyya domin karanta ilimin fiƙihu, a jami'ar [[Ummul Quraa]] da ke birnin [[Makkah|Makka]] inda ya samu shaidar digirin digir-gir.<ref>John Owen Hunwick. Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan, Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. ISBN 0-8101-1037-7</ref> [[File:Nigerian Public Domain 105.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Abubakar Gumi a shekarar 1970.]] == Tarihi == === Rayuwar farko da ilimi === An haifi Sheikh Gummi a garin Gummi (yanzu ƙaramar hukuma ce a jihar Zamfara ) a ranar Juma'ar karshe na watan Ramadan shekara ta 1344, ga iyalan Mahmud, malamin addinin Musulunci kuma Alkali (alkali) na Gummi. Iliminsa ya fara ne a bangon danginsa lokacin yana dalibin koyarwar addinin musulunci na mahaifinsa. Daga nan ya wuce makarantar da ke karkashin kulawar wani Malami mai suna Musa da ke Ambursa a lardin Sakkwato . A nan aka gabatar da shi ilimin Fiqhu da karanta littafai da waqoqin yabo ga Annabi. Makarantar boko ta farko da ya yi ita ce makarantar firamare ta Dogondaji, yayin da a makarantar firamare ya hadu da Sarkin Musulmi na 18 a nan gaba, Ibrahim Dasuki, kuma ya yi fice a harkokin addini. An nada shi Hakimin Salla (shugaban sallah) kuma an dora masa alhakin ciyar da dalibai ayyukan addini. A cikin shekara guda aka mayar da shi Makarantar Midil ta Sakkwato, inda Ahmadu Bello yake koyarwa. A nan ne ya saba da Shehu Shagari, da Waziri Muhammadu Junaidu, da Yahaya Gusau; na baya-bayan nan shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam, wata fitacciyar kungiyar Musulmi ta Najeriya . Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na secondary ya tafi [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] inda ya karanta fannin shari'a sannan ya samu horon Qadi . Ya fara aiki a matsayin magatakarda ga Qadi Attahiru amma ba da jimawa ba ya rasa nasaba da takamaiman aikinsa. Ya ba da darussa na sirri kan Musulunci da [[tafsiri]] a matsayin kubuta daga bacin ransa. Ya rasa mahaifinsa a shekara ta 1937 a lokacin da yake makarantar sakandare. Ya yi aure bayan shekara 3 da Maryama a shekarar 1941 yana dan shekara 19. <ref name="IndependentObit">{{Cite web |date=1992-09-15 |title=Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sheikh-abubakar-mahmud-gumi-1551628.html |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> === Farkon aiki === A shekarar 1947 Abubakar Gumi ya bar aikin sakatare na Qadi Attahiru ya tafi koyarwa a makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta Kano, wadda ya taba halarta a baya. A lokacin da yake Kano, ya hadu da Sheik Sa'id Hayatu, dan shugaban Mahdiyya na karni na 19, Hayatu ibn Sa'id, kuma wani mutum da ake ganin yana daya daga cikin fitattun wadanda mulkin mallaka ya rutsa da su. Shi ne shugaban kungiyar Mahdiyya, kuma ya dawo daga zaman tilas a kasar Kamaru . Abubakar ya shaku da koyarwar harkar Mahdiyya, a takaice ya zama mabiyi; Daga baya ya auri diyar Hayatu, Maryam. Duk da haka, ta rasu bayan ta haifi ɗa namiji. Dan Abubakar Gumi na farko ba Ahmad Abubakar ba ne, Dr Hamza Abubakar likita ne da ke aiki a yanzu haka a birnin Riyadh na kasar Saudiyya, sai kuma Manjo Janar Abdulkadir Abubakar (rtd) da kuma yaya mata biyu – daya ya auri marigayi Mai shari’a Muhammadu Bello, tsohon alkalin alkalai na tarayya, dayan kuma ta auri Sheik Sunusi Gumbi, sanannen malamin addinin musulunci kuma dalibin Abubakar Gumi. A 1949 Gumi ya sami aikin koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru, Sakkwato. Makarantar tana da wani shahararren malami mai suna [[Aminu Kano]], wanda shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar malamai ta Arewa kuma mai kula da wasu ‘yan [[Makarantar Islamiyya|makarantun musulmi]] . Aminu da Gumi sun yi cudanya tare da raba ra’ayoyi kan tasirin al’ummar gargajiya da addinin Musulunci, da kuma halin ko in kula ko goyon bayan da ‘yan’uwan Sufaye suke ba wa halin da ake ciki na [[Bida|Bidi’a]] . Ya bar Maru ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar koyon Larabci da ke Kano. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya zama malami na tsawon shekaru biyu a makarantar. Ya kuma halarci makarantar ilimi a Sudan. <ref name="Hunwick">John Owen Hunwick. ''Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan'', Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. {{ISBN|0-8101-1037-7}}</ref> A 1957 ya zama mai fassara ga gwamnatin Arewacin Najeriya kan al'amuran [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] . == Rikici == Abubakar Gumi yana da ra'ayi game da tsarin mulki da na addini na jami'an masarautu a Arewacin Najeriya. Rikicin akidarsa na farko da hukumomi shine a Maru. Rikici ya shafi aikin Tayamum . Babban Limamin Masallacin Maru ya kasance yana yin wanka da yashi (Tayammum) gabanin Sallah yayin da Gumi ya yi nuni da cewa Tayammu ana amfani da ita ne kawai idan ba a samu ruwa ba, kuma ana samun ruwa sosai a Maru . Gumi ya ci gaba da kalubalantar wannan al’ada, inda ya nemi dalibai da kada su fito don yin Sallah har sai Imam ya fasa yin Taimiyya. Sai dai Gumi wanda a baya ya rubuta kakkausar murya kan Sarkin Musulmi, yanzu ya samu Sarkin Musulmi yana sha’awar kokensa da babban limamin Maru. An kafa kwamitin bincike kan lamarin tare da goyon bayan Sarkin Musulmi. Sai dai da yake Gumi ya fi sanin aqidar Musulunci, haka nan kuma basirarsa ta gardama, sai hukumar ta yanke hukunci a kan Gumi. [1] Bayan samun nasara kadan a kan Sarkin Musulmi, Gumi ya yi amfani da hankalin da ya samu ta hanyar rubuta wata kasida mai mahimmanci a kan batun Musulmi, musamman Sarkin Musulmi, ya karbi mukaman Ingila . A lokacin, sannu a hankali ya fara ƙalubalantar imani da halaye na ayyuka a tsakanin al'ummar musulmi. [ abubuwan da ake bukata ] Wani harin da Gumi ya kai shi ne kungiyar [[Ahmadiyya]] karkashin jagorancin [[Jibril Martin]] . Yunkurin ya kasance manufa mai sauƙi ga Gumi, saboda wasu ra'ayoyin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar sun yi hannun riga da ainihin akidar Musulunci, kamar yadda wanda ya kafa ya sanya kansa a matsayin annabci . Daga baya Gumi ya fara fargabar wannan harkar ne sakamakon kwarewar tsarin kungiya na wanda ya assasa Najeriya, a hankali kungiyar ta shiga cikin hukumar alhazai ta yammacin Najeriya, sannan ta kafa makarantun almajirai a Kudu sannan kuma ya tashi zuwa arewa wajen yada manufofin Ahmadiyya. Gumi ya dauki wannan kalubale cikin sauki sannan aka dakile manufar kungiyar ta arewa. == Bayyanarshi a Kafafen yaɗa labarai == Sheik Gumi ya yi hajjin sa na farko zuwa Makka a shekarar 1955 kuma Ahmadu Bello ne ya hada shi da shi. Yayin da yake Makka ya yi tafsirin ayyukan addinin Musulunci tare da Bello da Sarki Sa'ud. Ya kuma sadu da dimbin al'ummar al'ummar musulmi ko kuma al'ummar musulmi a kasar Saudiyya, wadanda da yawa daga baya suka zama masu kyautata masa bayan rasuwar Ahmadu Bello a shekarar 1966. Da ya dawo Najeriya ya fara koyarwa a Makarantar Koyon Larabci da ke Kano da kuma wasu Makarantun Musulmi da kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam (JNI) ta kafa wacce ke kusa da birnin Kaduna. Babban bangare na koyarwarsa ya mayar da hankali kan bambance-bambancen al'ada da addini, da yadda za a fahimta da kuma rungumar asalin Musulunci. Ya kuma rubuta tafsirin kur'ani wanda akasari a kan sunna, ya kuma fassara kur'ani daga Larabci zuwa Hausa . Wannan tsari ya kai ga yada Littafi Mai Tsarki ga dimbin jama’ar Arewacin Najeriya, kuma ra’ayoyinsa da sakonsa kan muhimman koyarwar Musulunci sun fara samun dimbin masu sauraro. [1] Sai dai adawar da ya yi da manyan 'yan uwantakar Sufaye kamar Tijjaniyya da Qadiriyya ta jawo masa suka a kai a kai, kuma wasu daga cikin musulmi suka rika kai masa hari kan tafsirinsa; ya kan amsa da cewa su ci gaba da yin tafsirin nasu, idan ba sa son nasa. [1] A shekarun 1970 ya zama mai yawan fitowa a shirye-shiryen talabijin, musamman a lokutan bukukuwan Musulunci. "Lokacin da muka je wurin jifan shaiɗan (Jamra) sa'ilin aikin Hajji, sai mutanenmu suka riƙa yin wasu abubuwa marasa ma'ana. "Wasu suka riƙa nemo manyan duwatsu, wasu kuma suka riƙa cire takalmansu suna jifan jamrah, suna zage-zage da furta munanan kalamai, da sunan jifan shaiɗan." Wannan na daga cikin abubuwan da suka sanya Sheikh Abubakar Gumi ya yi yunƙuri a hukumance na sake faɗakar da mabiya addinin Musulunci a Najeriya yadda ake yin addini, bayan sanar da Firimiyan arewa na farko Ahmadu Bello, kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗaliban marigayin, Sheikh Yusuf Sambo Rigachikun ya tabbatar wa BBC. Wannan yunƙuri ya haifar da kafa wasu ƙungiyoyi guda biyu waɗanda suka jagoranci tafiyar da lamurran addinin Musulunci a Najeriya - Jama'atu Nasril Islam, sai kuma daga baya Jama'atu Izalatil Bidi'a wa Iqamatussunnah - lamarin da ya yi tasiri kan miliyoyin mabiya addinin a Najeriya. Shekara 33 bayan rasuwarsa, miliyoyin Musulmai a Najeriya na ci gaba da bin koyarwarsa, sannan ƙungiyoyin da ya jagoranci kafawa ne a gaba-gaba wajen yaɗawa da kuma tafiyar da al'amuran Musulunci a ƙasar. Baya ga Shehu Usman Danfodiyo, wanda ya yi jihadin sake ɗabbaƙa addinin Musulunci a ƙasar Hausa a farkon shekarun 1800, ana ganin cewa babu wani malami da koyarsa ta Musulunci ta yi tasiri a Najeriya kamar Abubakar Gumi. Wasu masana addini ma na ganin tasirin da Gumi ya yi "ta fi" ta Usman Danfodio, kasancewar a lokacinsa akwai hanyoyin sadarwa irin su talabijin da rediyo da hanyar wallafa litattafai da jaridu, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen yaɗa ayyukansa a ƙasar Hausa da maƙwafta. <ref>Bbc</ref> == Kawo sauyi == Tun kafin yunƙurin samar da ƙungiyoyin sake ilimantar da Musulman Najeriya kan ibada, Abubakar Gumi ya kasance mutum mai neman kawo sauyi, lamarin da ya sa ya yi ƙaurin suna tsakanin malamai da sarakuna har ma da turawan mulkin mallaka. A cikin littafinsa na Manufata, Gumi ya tuno yadda ya ƙalubalanci malaman addinin Musulunci waɗanda suke yin addini "yadda suka ga dama". Gumi ya ce "Sufanci ya zamo jiki a tsakanin al'umma ta yadda babu wanda ya damu ya binciki ko ya yi daidai da koyawar al-Ƙur'ani da hadisan annabi Muhammad". Irin wannan yunƙuri nasa ya fara jan hankali ne a lokacin da yake koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru a shekarar 1949. A lokacin ya fahimci yadda malaman addini da kuma sauran al'umma ke cakuɗa ibada da al'adu ko wasu abubuwa na daban. Limamin Juma'a na Maru a wancan lokaci ya kasance yana yin taimama domin yin sallah a maimakon alwala da ruwa, duk kuwa da wadatuwar ruwan da kuma rashin wata hujja ta yin taimamar. Bayan yunƙurin da ya yi na faɗakar da limamin game da 'haramcin' hakan, amma abin ya ci tura, Gumi ya hana ɗalibansa halartar sallar Juma'a a babban masallacin Maru, inda ya riƙa jan su sallah a cikin makaranta. A matsayin martani, sarkin Maru ya rubuta takardar ƙorafi kan Abubakar Gumi zuwa ga fadar sarkin Musulmi da kuma hukumomi turawan mulkin mallaka. Sai dai a ƙarshe Abubakar Gumi ne ya yi nasara ta hanyar gabatar da hujjoji masu ƙarfi da suka tabbatar da koyarwarsa. A game da turawan mulkin mallaka, Gumi ya ce "Idan na tuna ɓarnar da mulkin mallakar Birtaniya ya yi a ƙasarmu, nakan riƙa mamakin yadda mutanenmu suka kwashe tsawon shekaru ba tare da sun fahimci hakan ba. "Hatta a tsakanin masu iliminmu, ƙalilan ne suke tsayawa su fahimci yadda mulkin mallaka ya illa ga tunaninmu".<ref>bbc</ref> == Littafin da ya yamutsa hazo == Littafin da Abubakar Gumi ya rubuta a shekara ta 1972 mai taken 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha bi-Muwafaqat al-Shar'i' ya haifar da zazzafar muhawara tsakanin Musulman arewacin Najeriya sanadiyyar kakkausar sukar da littafin ya yi kan wasu ayyuka na masu bin akidar sufanci. A wannan lokaci kusan ɗaukacin Musulman Najeriya na bin tsari ne na ɗariƙa, wadda ta samo asali daga koyarwa irin ta sufanci. Da farko Abubakar Gumi ya ce ya rubuta littafin ne domin amfanin masu ilimi, kasancewar koyarwar littafin zai yi tsaurin fahimta ga mabiya, waɗanda iliminsu bai yi nisa ba. Sai dai a lokacin da ya tafi Saudiyya, sai Mallam Isma'ila Idris ya ɗauki littafin ya yi wa'azi da shi a birnin Kaduna, wani abu da ya haifar da ruɗani, abin da ya kai ga dole sai da ya ajiye aikinsa na gwamnati a matsayin malami. Bayan ajiye aiki, Mallam Idris ya shiga aikin soja, inda ya yi aiki a garuruwa da dama na Najeriya, kafin mayar da shi garin Jos, kuma duk inda ya je ya riƙa koyar da karatu ta hanyar amfani da littafin Sheikh Gumi na 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha'. Wannan ne ya haifar da ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar Izalatil Bidi'a wa iƙamatussunnah a birnin Jos. Da'awar Gumi na kira ga Musulmi su yi aiki da karantarwar al-Ƙur'ani da kuma Hadisan Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) kawai, wani abu da ake ganin ya kawo gagarumin sauyi a yadda ake tafiyar da ibada a Najeriya da wasu ƙasashen da ke maƙwaftaka a lokacin.<ref>bbc</ref> == Wane ne Abubakar Gumi? == An haifi Abubakar Mahmud Gumi ne ranar Juma'a 7 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1924, wadda ita ce Juma'a ta ƙarshe ta watan Ramadan na shekara ta 1344 bayan hijira, kamar yadda malamin ya bayyana a cikin litattafinsa. Shahararren malamin addinin Musulunci ne kuma masanin shari'a, wanda ya kai har matsayin Alkalin Alkalai (Grand kadi) na arewacin Najeriya. Ya fara samun ilimi ne a wajen mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi. Sunan mahaifinsa Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, wanda ake kiransa da Na-Gumi, saboda zaman da ya yi a garin Gumi bayan zama a wurare daban-daban na ƙasar Hausa, kamar Katsina, Borno da Dutse. Mahaifin Abubakar Gumi ya kasance babban malamin addinin Musulunci da shari'a, kuma ɗaya daga cikin malamai da aka fi girmamawa a yankin Sokoto da Zamfara da kuma Kebbi a zamaninsa. Kakan mahaifin Abubakar Gumi shi ne Sheikh Aliyu Barou el-Badawi, wanda ya fito daga ƙabilar Larabawa ta Bedouin, waɗanda aka sani da kiwo a yankin Larabawa da arewacin nahiyar Afirka. Babu cikakken bayani kan yadda ya isa yankin Sokoto, amma dai ana ganin zuwan sa ba ya rasa nasaba da ziyarar da Larabawa suka riƙa yi zuwa ƙasar Hausa bayan ƙarni na 15, lokacin da Musulunci ya samu karɓuwa a ƙasar Hausa. Sunan mahaifiyar Abubakar Gumi Hafsatu, ɗiyar Malam Adamu, wadda mahaifinsa ya aura lokacin da yake koyarwa a Jega.<ref>bbc</ref> == Karatu == Abubakar Gumi ya fara karatunsa ne a hannun mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, inda ya haddace al-Ƙur'ani sannan kuma ya yi karatun litattafai da dama. Bayan nan a shekara ta 1933 ya shiga makarantar boko ta Dogon Daji Elementary School, inda daga baya aka mayar da shi makarantar Middle da ke Sokoto a shekara ta 1936. Daga nan ne ya tafi makarantar ilimin shari'a ta Kano. Sannan a shekara ta 1952 ya zurfafa karatu a makarantar koyar da Larabci ta Kano. Daga nan ne kuma ya yi karatun babbar difloma a cibiyar ilimi ta Bakht al-Rida da ke Sudan daga shekarar 1955 zuwa 1956. A shekarar 1987, Gumi ya lashe kyautar Sarki Faisal kan hidima ga addinin Muslunci. Daga cikin abubuwan da suka sa ya cancanci lambar girmamawar su ne wa'azi da kuma koyar da addinin Musulunci, taimakawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam da fassara alƙur'ani zuwa harshen Hausa da kuma rubuta litattafai na addinin Musulunci.<ref>bbc</ref> == Ayyukan ilimi == Abubakar Gumi ya yi gagarumar hidima ta hanyar rubuce-rubuce da kuma fassarar litattafai na addini.<ref>Bbc</ref> Litattafan da ya rubuta waɗanda suka fi yin fice sun haɗa da:<ref>Bbc</ref> * Tafsirin Al-ƙur'ani na '''Rad al-Azhan ila Ma'ani al-Qur`an''' * Al-Aqidah al-Sahiha bi Muwafaqat al-Shari'a * Kitab al-Nasihaila Amir MantiqatKatsina * Manufata / Where I Stand * Hal al-Niza` fi Mas´alatNuzul Isa alaih al-Salatwa al-Salam * Musulunchi da Abinda ke Rushe Shi * Zad al-Haj * Kitab Maratib al-Islam * Kitab Manasik al-hajwa al-Umra '''Fassara:''' * Fassarar ma'anonin al-Ƙur'ani mai girma * Fassarar Hadisai Arba'in (al-Nawawi) * Fassarar littafin Nur al-Bab * Fassarar littafin Hidayat al-Tullab fiAhamMasail al-Din == Rasuwa == Sheikh Abubakar Mahmoud Gumi ya rasu ne a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1992, a birnin Landan na ƙasar Birtaniya. A lokacin da ya rasu, al'umma sun girgiza kasancerwar sa mutumin da ya samu karɓuwa a tsakanin shugabanni da masu sarauta da kuma sauran al'umma. Gumi ya kasance malami, alƙali kuma tsani tsakanin shugabanni da talakawa. Baya ga batun addini, Sheikh Gumi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ɓangaren mulki da kuma ayyukan gwamnati. Ya kasance mai kusanci sosai ga masu mulki, sannan ya riƙa ƙarfafa wa al'ummar arewacin Najeriya, musamman Musulmai gwiwa wajen shiga ayyukan gwamnati da karatun zamani. Tsarin koyarwarsa ya sha bamban, inda ake yaba masa wajen haƙuri tare da ƙoƙarin ganin al'umma sun fahimci abin da yake koyarwa.<ref>bbc</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gumi, Abubakar Mahmud}} e8n9caety510xh4xiatfcwj8ui98zwg 829887 829886 2026-05-05T05:09:30Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829887 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Sultan Bello Mosque 05.jpg|thumb|Masallacin [[Masallacin Sarkin Musulmi Bello|Sultan Bello]] dake Kaduna inda Malam Abubakar Gummi ya yi limanci tare da gabatar da wa'azinsa.]] [[File:Abubakar Mahmoud Gummi.jpg|thumb|Malam Abubakar Gummi]] '''Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi''' (an haife shi a shekara 1962 –zuwa shekarar 1992)<ref name="HunwickO'Fahey1994">{{cite book|author1=John O. Hunwick|author2=Rex Séan O'Fahey|title=Arabic Literature of Africa: The writings of central Sudanic Africa Vol.2. Volume 13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nKXOThUEpcC&pg=PA551dq=Abubakar+Gummi+1922|year=1994|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-10494-1|page=551}}</ref> malamin Addinin Musulunci ne ɗan Najeriya kuma alƙalin alƙalai na yankin [[Arewacin Najeriya]], matsayin da ya sanya shi ya zama cibiyar tafsirin tsarin shari’a a yankin. Ya kasance na kusa da [[Ahmadu Bello]], Firimiyan Arewa a shekarun alif 1950 zuwa 1960 kuma ya zama Grand Khadi a shekara ta 1967, Kafin a soke wannan mukamin daga baya. Gummi ya fito a matsayin shugaba mai faɗa a ji a lokacin mulkin mallaka, inda yake ganin tsarin mulkin kai tsaye ya raunana ƙarfin addini na sarakuna da kuma ƙarfafa Turawan Yamma. Tun daga shekarun alif 1960 ne ake samun rigingimu tsakanin jama’a tsakaninsa da shugabannin ‘yan’uwantakar Sufaye, waɗanda daga baya ya yi muhawara a shirye-shiryen talabijin a shekarun alif 1970 zuwa shekara ta alif 1980. A wannan lokacin ya ci gaba da maida hankalinsa wajen gudanar da tarukan juma'a a cikin babban masallacin Kaduna ([[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]). Ya yi amfani da zaman wajen Farfaɗo da sukar da ya ke yi wa hukumomi bisa ga ra'ayinsa na koma baya ga tsarin tushen ko kuma buƙatar rungumar aikin tsafta na Musulunci. Ya kuma yi suka da kakkausar murya kan shigar sufanci. Yana da ’ya’ya da yawa, daga ciki akwai [[Ahmad Gummi|Dr. Ahmad Abubakar Gummi]] wanda ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin malamin babban masallacin Kaduna (Sultan Bello), Dakta Ahmad Gummi ƙwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] Zariya. kuma tsohon hafsan soji ne, ya bar aikin soja, ya yi tattaki zuwa jami'ar umm al-Qura da ke [[Makkah]], ƙasar [[Saudiyya]] inda ya yi karatun digirin digirgir (PhD). Gummi mabiyin mazhabar [[malikiyya]] ne, wannan ya samo asali ne ta hanyar rubuce-rubucen sa da suka haɗa da tafsirin alƙur'ani (Raddul azhaan ila ma'anil Ƙur'an). da sauran littafai kamar (hullu nizam ala nuzuul isa) da (Al-Aqidatus As-Saheehah bi muwafaqati ash- Shari'ah) da sauransu == Karatu == Ya yi karatu da rubuce-rubuce a kan addinin [[musulunci]] sosai, ya fassara [[Qur'an|Qur'ani]] zuwa [[Hausa|harshen Hausa]], kuma shi ne mutum na farko da ya rubuta tarjama wato fassarar ɗai-ɗaikun ayoyin dake Alkur'ani.<ref>John N. Paden, Muslim Civic Cultures and Conflict Resolution: the challenge of democratic federalism in Nigeria, Brookings Institution Press, 2005. p 60. ISBN 0-8157-6817-6</ref> Hakan ne ya sa ya samu nasarar samun kyautar Sarki Faisal(King Faisal Award), daga ƙasar saudiya. Malamin dai ya kasance babban aboki kuma mai ba wa Firimiya [[Ahmadu Bello]] Sardaunan Sakkwato shawara. Shi ne mahaifin Dakta Shaikh [[Ahmad Gumi]]. == Shahara == Gummi ya shahara tun lokacin mulkin mallakar Turawa a matsayin mai faɗa a ji, yana sukar salon Mulkin [[Turawa]], cewa ya karya lagon sarakunan Musulmi kuma hakan yana Ƙara karfafa al'adun Turai a ƙasashen musulunci. A farkon shekara ta 1960 an samu ɓarkewar rikici tsakanin sa da malaman sufaye wanda daga baya rikicin ya koma muhawara a gidajen rediyo da talabijin a shekarun 1970 zuwa shekara ta 1980.<ref>The Independent: "Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi" by Karl Maier 16 September 1992</ref> Ya riƙa amfani da ranakun Juma'a a matsayin lokutan yaɗa aƙidunsa a babban Masallacin Juma'a na [[Kaduna]] mai suna [[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]. == Dangi == Abubakar Gummi ba a san takamaiman yawan yayansa ba, amma mafi shahara a cikinsu shi ne Dr. [[Ahmad Abubakar Gummi]] Wanda shi ne ya gaji Mahaifinsa a matsayin mai gabatar da wa'azi a masallacin na Sultan Bello dake Kaduna. Dr Ahmad Gummi ƙwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke [[Zariya]]. Kuma tsohon jami'in sojin Nijeriya ne, ya bar aikin soja inda ya tafi zuwa ƙasar Saudiyya domin karanta ilimin fiƙihu, a jami'ar [[Ummul Quraa]] da ke birnin [[Makkah|Makka]] inda ya samu shaidar digirin digir-gir.<ref>John Owen Hunwick. Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan, Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. ISBN 0-8101-1037-7</ref> [[File:Nigerian Public Domain 105.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Abubakar Gumi a shekarar 1970.]] == Tarihi == === Rayuwar farko da ilimi === An haifi Sheikh Gummi a garin Gummi (yanzu ƙaramar hukuma ce a jihar Zamfara ) a ranar Juma'ar karshe na watan Ramadan shekara ta 1344, ga iyalan Mahmud, malamin addinin Musulunci kuma Alkali (alkali) na Gummi. Iliminsa ya fara ne a bangon danginsa lokacin yana dalibin koyarwar addinin musulunci na mahaifinsa. Daga nan ya wuce makarantar da ke ƙarƙashin kulawar wani Malami mai suna Musa da ke Ambursa a lardin Sakkwato . A nan aka gabatar da shi ilimin Fiqhu da karanta littafai da waqoqin yabo ga Annabi. Makarantar boko ta farko da ya yi ita ce makarantar firamare ta Dogondaji, yayin da a makarantar firamare ya hadu da Sarkin Musulmi na 18 a nan gaba, Ibrahim Dasuki, kuma ya yi fice a harkokin addini. An nada shi Hakimin Salla (shugaban sallah) kuma an dora masa alhakin ciyar da dalibai ayyukan addini. A cikin shekara guda aka mayar da shi Makarantar Midil ta Sakkwato, inda Ahmadu Bello yake koyarwa. A nan ne ya saba da Shehu Shagari, da Waziri Muhammadu Junaidu, da Yahaya Gusau; na baya-bayan nan shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam, wata fitacciyar kungiyar Musulmi ta Najeriya . Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na secondary ya tafi [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] inda ya karanta fannin shari'a sannan ya samu horon Qadi . Ya fara aiki a matsayin magatakarda ga Qadi Attahiru amma ba da jimawa ba ya rasa nasaba da takamaiman aikinsa. Ya ba da darussa na sirri kan Musulunci da [[tafsiri]] a matsayin kubuta daga bacin ransa. Ya rasa mahaifinsa a shekara ta 1937 a lokacin da yake makarantar sakandare. Ya yi aure bayan shekara 3 da Maryama a shekarar 1941 yana dan shekara 19. <ref name="IndependentObit">{{Cite web |date=1992-09-15 |title=Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sheikh-abubakar-mahmud-gumi-1551628.html |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> === Farkon aiki === A shekarar 1947 Abubakar Gumi ya bar aikin sakatare na Qadi Attahiru ya tafi koyarwa a makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta Kano, wadda ya taba halarta a baya. A lokacin da yake Kano, ya hadu da Sheik Sa'id Hayatu, dan shugaban Mahdiyya na karni na 19, Hayatu ibn Sa'id, kuma wani mutum da ake ganin yana daya daga cikin fitattun wadanda mulkin mallaka ya rutsa da su. Shi ne shugaban kungiyar Mahdiyya, kuma ya dawo daga zaman tilas a kasar Kamaru . Abubakar ya shaku da koyarwar harkar Mahdiyya, a takaice ya zama mabiyi; Daga baya ya auri diyar Hayatu, Maryam. Duk da haka, ta rasu bayan ta haifi ɗa namiji. Dan Abubakar Gumi na farko ba Ahmad Abubakar ba ne, Dr Hamza Abubakar likita ne da ke aiki a yanzu haka a birnin Riyadh na kasar Saudiyya, sai kuma Manjo Janar Abdulkadir Abubakar (rtd) da kuma yaya mata biyu – daya ya auri marigayi Mai shari’a Muhammadu Bello, tsohon alkalin alkalai na tarayya, dayan kuma ta auri Sheik Sunusi Gumbi, sanannen malamin addinin musulunci kuma dalibin Abubakar Gumi. A 1949 Gumi ya sami aikin koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru, Sakkwato. Makarantar tana da wani shahararren malami mai suna [[Aminu Kano]], wanda shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar malamai ta Arewa kuma mai kula da wasu ‘yan [[Makarantar Islamiyya|makarantun musulmi]] . Aminu da Gumi sun yi cudanya tare da raba ra’ayoyi kan tasirin al’ummar gargajiya da addinin Musulunci, da kuma halin ko in kula ko goyon bayan da ‘yan’uwan Sufaye suke ba wa halin da ake ciki na [[Bida|Bidi’a]] . Ya bar Maru ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar koyon Larabci da ke Kano. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya zama malami na tsawon shekaru biyu a makarantar. Ya kuma halarci makarantar ilimi a Sudan. <ref name="Hunwick">John Owen Hunwick. ''Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan'', Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. {{ISBN|0-8101-1037-7}}</ref> A 1957 ya zama mai fassara ga gwamnatin Arewacin Najeriya kan al'amuran [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] . == Rikici == Abubakar Gumi yana da ra'ayi game da tsarin mulki da na addini na jami'an masarautu a Arewacin Najeriya. Rikicin akidarsa na farko da hukumomi shine a Maru. Rikici ya shafi aikin Tayamum . Babban Limamin Masallacin Maru ya kasance yana yin wanka da yashi (Tayammum) gabanin Sallah yayin da Gumi ya yi nuni da cewa Tayammu ana amfani da ita ne kawai idan ba a samu ruwa ba, kuma ana samun ruwa sosai a Maru . Gumi ya ci gaba da kalubalantar wannan al’ada, inda ya nemi dalibai da kada su fito don yin Sallah har sai Imam ya fasa yin Taimiyya. Sai dai Gumi wanda a baya ya rubuta kakkausar murya kan Sarkin Musulmi, yanzu ya samu Sarkin Musulmi yana sha’awar kokensa da babban limamin Maru. An kafa kwamitin bincike kan lamarin tare da goyon bayan Sarkin Musulmi. Sai dai da yake Gumi ya fi sanin aqidar Musulunci, haka nan kuma basirarsa ta gardama, sai hukumar ta yanke hukunci a kan Gumi. [1] Bayan samun nasara kadan a kan Sarkin Musulmi, Gumi ya yi amfani da hankalin da ya samu ta hanyar rubuta wata kasida mai mahimmanci a kan batun Musulmi, musamman Sarkin Musulmi, ya karbi mukaman Ingila . A lokacin, sannu a hankali ya fara ƙalubalantar imani da halaye na ayyuka a tsakanin al'ummar musulmi. [ abubuwan da ake bukata ] Wani harin da Gumi ya kai shi ne kungiyar [[Ahmadiyya]] karkashin jagorancin [[Jibril Martin]] . Yunkurin ya kasance manufa mai sauƙi ga Gumi, saboda wasu ra'ayoyin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar sun yi hannun riga da ainihin akidar Musulunci, kamar yadda wanda ya kafa ya sanya kansa a matsayin annabci . Daga baya Gumi ya fara fargabar wannan harkar ne sakamakon kwarewar tsarin kungiya na wanda ya assasa Najeriya, a hankali kungiyar ta shiga cikin hukumar alhazai ta yammacin Najeriya, sannan ta kafa makarantun almajirai a Kudu sannan kuma ya tashi zuwa arewa wajen yada manufofin Ahmadiyya. Gumi ya dauki wannan kalubale cikin sauki sannan aka dakile manufar kungiyar ta arewa. == Bayyanarshi a Kafafen yaɗa labarai == Sheik Gumi ya yi hajjin sa na farko zuwa Makka a shekarar 1955 kuma Ahmadu Bello ne ya hada shi da shi. Yayin da yake Makka ya yi tafsirin ayyukan addinin Musulunci tare da Bello da Sarki Sa'ud. Ya kuma sadu da dimbin al'ummar al'ummar musulmi ko kuma al'ummar musulmi a kasar Saudiyya, wadanda da yawa daga baya suka zama masu kyautata masa bayan rasuwar Ahmadu Bello a shekarar 1966. Da ya dawo Najeriya ya fara koyarwa a Makarantar Koyon Larabci da ke Kano da kuma wasu Makarantun Musulmi da kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam (JNI) ta kafa wacce ke kusa da birnin Kaduna. Babban bangare na koyarwarsa ya mayar da hankali kan bambance-bambancen al'ada da addini, da yadda za a fahimta da kuma rungumar asalin Musulunci. Ya kuma rubuta tafsirin kur'ani wanda akasari a kan sunna, ya kuma fassara kur'ani daga Larabci zuwa Hausa . Wannan tsari ya kai ga yada Littafi Mai Tsarki ga dimbin jama’ar Arewacin Najeriya, kuma ra’ayoyinsa da sakonsa kan muhimman koyarwar Musulunci sun fara samun dimbin masu sauraro. [1] Sai dai adawar da ya yi da manyan 'yan uwantakar Sufaye kamar Tijjaniyya da Qadiriyya ta jawo masa suka a kai a kai, kuma wasu daga cikin musulmi suka rika kai masa hari kan tafsirinsa; ya kan amsa da cewa su ci gaba da yin tafsirin nasu, idan ba sa son nasa. [1] A shekarun 1970 ya zama mai yawan fitowa a shirye-shiryen talabijin, musamman a lokutan bukukuwan Musulunci. "Lokacin da muka je wurin jifan shaiɗan (Jamra) sa'ilin aikin Hajji, sai mutanenmu suka riƙa yin wasu abubuwa marasa ma'ana. "Wasu suka riƙa nemo manyan duwatsu, wasu kuma suka riƙa cire takalmansu suna jifan jamrah, suna zage-zage da furta munanan kalamai, da sunan jifan shaiɗan." Wannan na daga cikin abubuwan da suka sanya Sheikh Abubakar Gumi ya yi yunƙuri a hukumance na sake faɗakar da mabiya addinin Musulunci a Najeriya yadda ake yin addini, bayan sanar da Firimiyan arewa na farko Ahmadu Bello, kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗaliban marigayin, Sheikh Yusuf Sambo Rigachikun ya tabbatar wa BBC. Wannan yunƙuri ya haifar da kafa wasu ƙungiyoyi guda biyu waɗanda suka jagoranci tafiyar da lamurran addinin Musulunci a Najeriya - Jama'atu Nasril Islam, sai kuma daga baya Jama'atu Izalatil Bidi'a wa Iqamatussunnah - lamarin da ya yi tasiri kan miliyoyin mabiya addinin a Najeriya. Shekara 33 bayan rasuwarsa, miliyoyin Musulmai a Najeriya na ci gaba da bin koyarwarsa, sannan ƙungiyoyin da ya jagoranci kafawa ne a gaba-gaba wajen yaɗawa da kuma tafiyar da al'amuran Musulunci a ƙasar. Baya ga Shehu Usman Danfodiyo, wanda ya yi jihadin sake ɗabbaƙa addinin Musulunci a ƙasar Hausa a farkon shekarun 1800, ana ganin cewa babu wani malami da koyarsa ta Musulunci ta yi tasiri a Najeriya kamar Abubakar Gumi. Wasu masana addini ma na ganin tasirin da Gumi ya yi "ta fi" ta Usman Danfodio, kasancewar a lokacinsa akwai hanyoyin sadarwa irin su talabijin da rediyo da hanyar wallafa litattafai da jaridu, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen yaɗa ayyukansa a ƙasar Hausa da maƙwafta. <ref>Bbc</ref> == Kawo sauyi == Tun kafin yunƙurin samar da ƙungiyoyin sake ilimantar da Musulman Najeriya kan ibada, Abubakar Gumi ya kasance mutum mai neman kawo sauyi, lamarin da ya sa ya yi ƙaurin suna tsakanin malamai da sarakuna har ma da turawan mulkin mallaka. A cikin littafinsa na Manufata, Gumi ya tuno yadda ya ƙalubalanci malaman addinin Musulunci waɗanda suke yin addini "yadda suka ga dama". Gumi ya ce "Sufanci ya zamo jiki a tsakanin al'umma ta yadda babu wanda ya damu ya binciki ko ya yi daidai da koyawar al-Ƙur'ani da hadisan annabi Muhammad". Irin wannan yunƙuri nasa ya fara jan hankali ne a lokacin da yake koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru a shekarar 1949. A lokacin ya fahimci yadda malaman addini da kuma sauran al'umma ke cakuɗa ibada da al'adu ko wasu abubuwa na daban. Limamin Juma'a na Maru a wancan lokaci ya kasance yana yin taimama domin yin sallah a maimakon alwala da ruwa, duk kuwa da wadatuwar ruwan da kuma rashin wata hujja ta yin taimamar. Bayan yunƙurin da ya yi na faɗakar da limamin game da 'haramcin' hakan, amma abin ya ci tura, Gumi ya hana ɗalibansa halartar sallar Juma'a a babban masallacin Maru, inda ya riƙa jan su sallah a cikin makaranta. A matsayin martani, sarkin Maru ya rubuta takardar ƙorafi kan Abubakar Gumi zuwa ga fadar sarkin Musulmi da kuma hukumomi turawan mulkin mallaka. Sai dai a ƙarshe Abubakar Gumi ne ya yi nasara ta hanyar gabatar da hujjoji masu ƙarfi da suka tabbatar da koyarwarsa. A game da turawan mulkin mallaka, Gumi ya ce "Idan na tuna ɓarnar da mulkin mallakar Birtaniya ya yi a ƙasarmu, nakan riƙa mamakin yadda mutanenmu suka kwashe tsawon shekaru ba tare da sun fahimci hakan ba. "Hatta a tsakanin masu iliminmu, ƙalilan ne suke tsayawa su fahimci yadda mulkin mallaka ya illa ga tunaninmu".<ref>bbc</ref> == Littafin da ya yamutsa hazo == Littafin da Abubakar Gumi ya rubuta a shekara ta 1972 mai taken 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha bi-Muwafaqat al-Shar'i' ya haifar da zazzafar muhawara tsakanin Musulman arewacin Najeriya sanadiyyar kakkausar sukar da littafin ya yi kan wasu ayyuka na masu bin akidar sufanci. A wannan lokaci kusan ɗaukacin Musulman Najeriya na bin tsari ne na ɗariƙa, wadda ta samo asali daga koyarwa irin ta sufanci. Da farko Abubakar Gumi ya ce ya rubuta littafin ne domin amfanin masu ilimi, kasancewar koyarwar littafin zai yi tsaurin fahimta ga mabiya, waɗanda iliminsu bai yi nisa ba. Sai dai a lokacin da ya tafi Saudiyya, sai Mallam Isma'ila Idris ya ɗauki littafin ya yi wa'azi da shi a birnin Kaduna, wani abu da ya haifar da ruɗani, abin da ya kai ga dole sai da ya ajiye aikinsa na gwamnati a matsayin malami. Bayan ajiye aiki, Mallam Idris ya shiga aikin soja, inda ya yi aiki a garuruwa da dama na Najeriya, kafin mayar da shi garin Jos, kuma duk inda ya je ya riƙa koyar da karatu ta hanyar amfani da littafin Sheikh Gumi na 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha'. Wannan ne ya haifar da ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar Izalatil Bidi'a wa iƙamatussunnah a birnin Jos. Da'awar Gumi na kira ga Musulmi su yi aiki da karantarwar al-Ƙur'ani da kuma Hadisan Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) kawai, wani abu da ake ganin ya kawo gagarumin sauyi a yadda ake tafiyar da ibada a Najeriya da wasu ƙasashen da ke maƙwaftaka a lokacin.<ref>bbc</ref> == Wane ne Abubakar Gumi? == An haifi Abubakar Mahmud Gumi ne ranar Juma'a 7 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1924, wadda ita ce Juma'a ta ƙarshe ta watan Ramadan na shekara ta 1344 bayan hijira, kamar yadda malamin ya bayyana a cikin litattafinsa. Shahararren malamin addinin Musulunci ne kuma masanin shari'a, wanda ya kai har matsayin Alkalin Alkalai (Grand kadi) na arewacin Najeriya. Ya fara samun ilimi ne a wajen mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi. Sunan mahaifinsa Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, wanda ake kiransa da Na-Gumi, saboda zaman da ya yi a garin Gumi bayan zama a wurare daban-daban na ƙasar Hausa, kamar Katsina, Borno da Dutse. Mahaifin Abubakar Gumi ya kasance babban malamin addinin Musulunci da shari'a, kuma ɗaya daga cikin malamai da aka fi girmamawa a yankin Sokoto da Zamfara da kuma Kebbi a zamaninsa. Kakan mahaifin Abubakar Gumi shi ne Sheikh Aliyu Barou el-Badawi, wanda ya fito daga ƙabilar Larabawa ta Bedouin, waɗanda aka sani da kiwo a yankin Larabawa da arewacin nahiyar Afirka. Babu cikakken bayani kan yadda ya isa yankin Sokoto, amma dai ana ganin zuwan sa ba ya rasa nasaba da ziyarar da Larabawa suka riƙa yi zuwa ƙasar Hausa bayan ƙarni na 15, lokacin da Musulunci ya samu karɓuwa a ƙasar Hausa. Sunan mahaifiyar Abubakar Gumi Hafsatu, ɗiyar Malam Adamu, wadda mahaifinsa ya aura lokacin da yake koyarwa a Jega.<ref>bbc</ref> == Karatu == Abubakar Gumi ya fara karatunsa ne a hannun mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, inda ya haddace al-Ƙur'ani sannan kuma ya yi karatun litattafai da dama. Bayan nan a shekara ta 1933 ya shiga makarantar boko ta Dogon Daji Elementary School, inda daga baya aka mayar da shi makarantar Middle da ke Sokoto a shekara ta 1936. Daga nan ne ya tafi makarantar ilimin shari'a ta Kano. Sannan a shekara ta 1952 ya zurfafa karatu a makarantar koyar da Larabci ta Kano. Daga nan ne kuma ya yi karatun babbar difloma a cibiyar ilimi ta Bakht al-Rida da ke Sudan daga shekarar 1955 zuwa 1956. A shekarar 1987, Gumi ya lashe kyautar Sarki Faisal kan hidima ga addinin Muslunci. Daga cikin abubuwan da suka sa ya cancanci lambar girmamawar su ne wa'azi da kuma koyar da addinin Musulunci, taimakawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam da fassara alƙur'ani zuwa harshen Hausa da kuma rubuta litattafai na addinin Musulunci.<ref>bbc</ref> == Ayyukan ilimi == Abubakar Gumi ya yi gagarumar hidima ta hanyar rubuce-rubuce da kuma fassarar litattafai na addini.<ref>Bbc</ref> Litattafan da ya rubuta waɗanda suka fi yin fice sun haɗa da:<ref>Bbc</ref> * Tafsirin Al-ƙur'ani na '''Rad al-Azhan ila Ma'ani al-Qur`an''' * Al-Aqidah al-Sahiha bi Muwafaqat al-Shari'a * Kitab al-Nasihaila Amir MantiqatKatsina * Manufata / Where I Stand * Hal al-Niza` fi Mas´alatNuzul Isa alaih al-Salatwa al-Salam * Musulunchi da Abinda ke Rushe Shi * Zad al-Haj * Kitab Maratib al-Islam * Kitab Manasik al-hajwa al-Umra '''Fassara:''' * Fassarar ma'anonin al-Ƙur'ani mai girma * Fassarar Hadisai Arba'in (al-Nawawi) * Fassarar littafin Nur al-Bab * Fassarar littafin Hidayat al-Tullab fiAhamMasail al-Din == Rasuwa == Sheikh Abubakar Mahmoud Gumi ya rasu ne a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1992, a birnin Landan na ƙasar Birtaniya. A lokacin da ya rasu, al'umma sun girgiza kasancerwar sa mutumin da ya samu karɓuwa a tsakanin shugabanni da masu sarauta da kuma sauran al'umma. Gumi ya kasance malami, alƙali kuma tsani tsakanin shugabanni da talakawa. Baya ga batun addini, Sheikh Gumi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ɓangaren mulki da kuma ayyukan gwamnati. Ya kasance mai kusanci sosai ga masu mulki, sannan ya riƙa ƙarfafa wa al'ummar arewacin Najeriya, musamman Musulmai gwiwa wajen shiga ayyukan gwamnati da karatun zamani. Tsarin koyarwarsa ya sha bamban, inda ake yaba masa wajen haƙuri tare da ƙoƙarin ganin al'umma sun fahimci abin da yake koyarwa.<ref>bbc</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gumi, Abubakar Mahmud}} roh6c0udf1br2pj6p5r8v1a3vqsd5gp 829890 829887 2026-05-05T05:10:30Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829890 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Sultan Bello Mosque 05.jpg|thumb|Masallacin [[Masallacin Sarkin Musulmi Bello|Sultan Bello]] dake Kaduna inda Malam Abubakar Gummi ya yi limanci tare da gabatar da wa'azinsa.]] [[File:Abubakar Mahmoud Gummi.jpg|thumb|Malam Abubakar Gummi]] '''Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi''' (an haife shi a shekara 1962 –zuwa shekarar 1992)<ref name="HunwickO'Fahey1994">{{cite book|author1=John O. Hunwick|author2=Rex Séan O'Fahey|title=Arabic Literature of Africa: The writings of central Sudanic Africa Vol.2. Volume 13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nKXOThUEpcC&pg=PA551dq=Abubakar+Gummi+1922|year=1994|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-10494-1|page=551}}</ref> malamin Addinin Musulunci ne ɗan Najeriya kuma alƙalin alƙalai na yankin [[Arewacin Najeriya]], matsayin da ya sanya shi ya zama cibiyar tafsirin tsarin shari’a a yankin. Ya kasance na kusa da [[Ahmadu Bello]], Firimiyan Arewa a shekarun alif 1950 zuwa 1960 kuma ya zama Grand Khadi a shekara ta 1967, Kafin a soke wannan mukamin daga baya. Gummi ya fito a matsayin shugaba mai faɗa a ji a lokacin mulkin mallaka, inda yake ganin tsarin mulkin kai tsaye ya raunana ƙarfin addini na sarakuna da kuma ƙarfafa Turawan Yamma. Tun daga shekarun alif 1960 ne ake samun rigingimu tsakanin jama’a tsakaninsa da shugabannin ‘yan’uwantakar Sufaye, waɗanda daga baya ya yi muhawara a shirye-shiryen talabijin a shekarun alif 1970 zuwa shekara ta alif 1980. A wannan lokacin ya ci gaba da maida hankalinsa wajen gudanar da tarukan juma'a a cikin babban masallacin Kaduna ([[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]). Ya yi amfani da zaman wajen Farfaɗo da sukar da ya ke yi wa hukumomi bisa ga ra'ayinsa na koma baya ga tsarin tushen ko kuma buƙatar rungumar aikin tsafta na Musulunci. Ya kuma yi suka da kakkausar murya kan shigar sufanci. Yana da ’ya’ya da yawa, daga ciki akwai [[Ahmad Gummi|Dr. Ahmad Abubakar Gummi]] wanda ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin malamin babban masallacin Kaduna (Sultan Bello), Dakta Ahmad Gummi ƙwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] Zariya. kuma tsohon hafsan soji ne, ya bar aikin soja, ya yi tattaki zuwa jami'ar umm al-Qura da ke [[Makkah]], ƙasar [[Saudiyya]] inda ya yi karatun digirin digirgir (PhD). Gummi mabiyin mazhabar [[malikiyya]] ne, wannan ya samo asali ne ta hanyar rubuce-rubucen sa da suka haɗa da tafsirin alƙur'ani (Raddul azhaan ila ma'anil Ƙur'an). da sauran littafai kamar (hullu nizam ala nuzuul isa) da (Al-Aqidatus As-Saheehah bi muwafaqati ash- Shari'ah) da sauransu == Karatu == Ya yi karatu da rubuce-rubuce a kan addinin [[musulunci]] sosai, ya fassara [[Qur'an|Qur'ani]] zuwa [[Hausa|harshen Hausa]], kuma shi ne mutum na farko da ya rubuta tarjama wato fassarar ɗai-ɗaikun ayoyin dake Alkur'ani.<ref>John N. Paden, Muslim Civic Cultures and Conflict Resolution: the challenge of democratic federalism in Nigeria, Brookings Institution Press, 2005. p 60. ISBN 0-8157-6817-6</ref> Hakan ne ya sa ya samu nasarar samun kyautar Sarki Faisal(King Faisal Award), daga ƙasar saudiya. Malamin dai ya kasance babban aboki kuma mai ba wa Firimiya [[Ahmadu Bello]] Sardaunan Sakkwato shawara. Shi ne mahaifin Dakta Shaikh [[Ahmad Gumi]]. == Shahara == Gummi ya shahara tun lokacin mulkin mallakar Turawa a matsayin mai faɗa a ji, yana sukar salon Mulkin [[Turawa]], cewa ya karya lagon sarakunan Musulmi kuma hakan yana Ƙara karfafa al'adun Turai a ƙasashen musulunci. A farkon shekara ta 1960 an samu ɓarkewar rikici tsakanin sa da malaman sufaye wanda daga baya rikicin ya koma muhawara a gidajen rediyo da talabijin a shekarun 1970 zuwa shekara ta 1980.<ref>The Independent: "Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi" by Karl Maier 16 September 1992</ref> Ya riƙa amfani da ranakun Juma'a a matsayin lokutan yaɗa aƙidunsa a babban Masallacin Juma'a na [[Kaduna]] mai suna [[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]. == Dangi == Abubakar Gummi ba a san takamaiman yawan yayansa ba, amma mafi shahara a cikinsu shi ne Dr. [[Ahmad Abubakar Gummi]] Wanda shi ne ya gaji Mahaifinsa a matsayin mai gabatar da wa'azi a masallacin na Sultan Bello dake Kaduna. Dr Ahmad Gummi ƙwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke [[Zariya]]. Kuma tsohon jami'in sojin Nijeriya ne, ya bar aikin soja inda ya tafi zuwa ƙasar Saudiyya domin karanta ilimin fiƙihu, a jami'ar [[Ummul Quraa]] da ke birnin [[Makkah|Makka]] inda ya samu shaidar digirin digir-gir.<ref>John Owen Hunwick. Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan, Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. ISBN 0-8101-1037-7</ref> [[File:Nigerian Public Domain 105.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Abubakar Gumi a shekarar 1970.]] == Tarihi == === Rayuwar farko da ilimi === An haifi Sheikh Gummi a garin Gummi (yanzu ƙaramar hukuma ce a jihar Zamfara ) a ranar Juma'ar karshe na watan Ramadan shekara ta 1344, ga iyalan Mahmud, malamin addinin Musulunci kuma Alkali (alkali) na Gummi. Iliminsa ya fara ne a bangon danginsa lokacin yana ɗalibin koyarwar addinin musulunci na mahaifinsa. Daga nan ya wuce makarantar da ke ƙarƙashin kulawar wani Malami mai suna Musa da ke Ambursa a lardin Sakkwato . A nan aka gabatar da shi ilimin Fiqhu da karanta littafai da waqoqin yabo ga Annabi. Makarantar boko ta farko da ya yi ita ce makarantar firamare ta Dogondaji, yayin da a makarantar firamare ya hadu da Sarkin Musulmi na 18 a nan gaba, Ibrahim Dasuki, kuma ya yi fice a harkokin addini. An nada shi Hakimin Salla (shugaban sallah) kuma an dora masa alhakin ciyar da dalibai ayyukan addini. A cikin shekara guda aka mayar da shi Makarantar Midil ta Sakkwato, inda Ahmadu Bello yake koyarwa. A nan ne ya saba da Shehu Shagari, da Waziri Muhammadu Junaidu, da Yahaya Gusau; na baya-bayan nan shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam, wata fitacciyar kungiyar Musulmi ta Najeriya . Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na secondary ya tafi [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] inda ya karanta fannin shari'a sannan ya samu horon Qadi . Ya fara aiki a matsayin magatakarda ga Qadi Attahiru amma ba da jimawa ba ya rasa nasaba da takamaiman aikinsa. Ya ba da darussa na sirri kan Musulunci da [[tafsiri]] a matsayin kubuta daga bacin ransa. Ya rasa mahaifinsa a shekara ta 1937 a lokacin da yake makarantar sakandare. Ya yi aure bayan shekara 3 da Maryama a shekarar 1941 yana dan shekara 19. <ref name="IndependentObit">{{Cite web |date=1992-09-15 |title=Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sheikh-abubakar-mahmud-gumi-1551628.html |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> === Farkon aiki === A shekarar 1947 Abubakar Gumi ya bar aikin sakatare na Qadi Attahiru ya tafi koyarwa a makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta Kano, wadda ya taba halarta a baya. A lokacin da yake Kano, ya hadu da Sheik Sa'id Hayatu, dan shugaban Mahdiyya na karni na 19, Hayatu ibn Sa'id, kuma wani mutum da ake ganin yana daya daga cikin fitattun wadanda mulkin mallaka ya rutsa da su. Shi ne shugaban kungiyar Mahdiyya, kuma ya dawo daga zaman tilas a kasar Kamaru . Abubakar ya shaku da koyarwar harkar Mahdiyya, a takaice ya zama mabiyi; Daga baya ya auri diyar Hayatu, Maryam. Duk da haka, ta rasu bayan ta haifi ɗa namiji. Dan Abubakar Gumi na farko ba Ahmad Abubakar ba ne, Dr Hamza Abubakar likita ne da ke aiki a yanzu haka a birnin Riyadh na kasar Saudiyya, sai kuma Manjo Janar Abdulkadir Abubakar (rtd) da kuma yaya mata biyu – daya ya auri marigayi Mai shari’a Muhammadu Bello, tsohon alkalin alkalai na tarayya, dayan kuma ta auri Sheik Sunusi Gumbi, sanannen malamin addinin musulunci kuma dalibin Abubakar Gumi. A 1949 Gumi ya sami aikin koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru, Sakkwato. Makarantar tana da wani shahararren malami mai suna [[Aminu Kano]], wanda shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar malamai ta Arewa kuma mai kula da wasu ‘yan [[Makarantar Islamiyya|makarantun musulmi]] . Aminu da Gumi sun yi cudanya tare da raba ra’ayoyi kan tasirin al’ummar gargajiya da addinin Musulunci, da kuma halin ko in kula ko goyon bayan da ‘yan’uwan Sufaye suke ba wa halin da ake ciki na [[Bida|Bidi’a]] . Ya bar Maru ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar koyon Larabci da ke Kano. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya zama malami na tsawon shekaru biyu a makarantar. Ya kuma halarci makarantar ilimi a Sudan. <ref name="Hunwick">John Owen Hunwick. ''Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan'', Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. {{ISBN|0-8101-1037-7}}</ref> A 1957 ya zama mai fassara ga gwamnatin Arewacin Najeriya kan al'amuran [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] . == Rikici == Abubakar Gumi yana da ra'ayi game da tsarin mulki da na addini na jami'an masarautu a Arewacin Najeriya. Rikicin akidarsa na farko da hukumomi shine a Maru. Rikici ya shafi aikin Tayamum . Babban Limamin Masallacin Maru ya kasance yana yin wanka da yashi (Tayammum) gabanin Sallah yayin da Gumi ya yi nuni da cewa Tayammu ana amfani da ita ne kawai idan ba a samu ruwa ba, kuma ana samun ruwa sosai a Maru . Gumi ya ci gaba da kalubalantar wannan al’ada, inda ya nemi dalibai da kada su fito don yin Sallah har sai Imam ya fasa yin Taimiyya. Sai dai Gumi wanda a baya ya rubuta kakkausar murya kan Sarkin Musulmi, yanzu ya samu Sarkin Musulmi yana sha’awar kokensa da babban limamin Maru. An kafa kwamitin bincike kan lamarin tare da goyon bayan Sarkin Musulmi. Sai dai da yake Gumi ya fi sanin aqidar Musulunci, haka nan kuma basirarsa ta gardama, sai hukumar ta yanke hukunci a kan Gumi. [1] Bayan samun nasara kadan a kan Sarkin Musulmi, Gumi ya yi amfani da hankalin da ya samu ta hanyar rubuta wata kasida mai mahimmanci a kan batun Musulmi, musamman Sarkin Musulmi, ya karbi mukaman Ingila . A lokacin, sannu a hankali ya fara ƙalubalantar imani da halaye na ayyuka a tsakanin al'ummar musulmi. [ abubuwan da ake bukata ] Wani harin da Gumi ya kai shi ne kungiyar [[Ahmadiyya]] karkashin jagorancin [[Jibril Martin]] . Yunkurin ya kasance manufa mai sauƙi ga Gumi, saboda wasu ra'ayoyin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar sun yi hannun riga da ainihin akidar Musulunci, kamar yadda wanda ya kafa ya sanya kansa a matsayin annabci . Daga baya Gumi ya fara fargabar wannan harkar ne sakamakon kwarewar tsarin kungiya na wanda ya assasa Najeriya, a hankali kungiyar ta shiga cikin hukumar alhazai ta yammacin Najeriya, sannan ta kafa makarantun almajirai a Kudu sannan kuma ya tashi zuwa arewa wajen yada manufofin Ahmadiyya. Gumi ya dauki wannan kalubale cikin sauki sannan aka dakile manufar kungiyar ta arewa. == Bayyanarshi a Kafafen yaɗa labarai == Sheik Gumi ya yi hajjin sa na farko zuwa Makka a shekarar 1955 kuma Ahmadu Bello ne ya hada shi da shi. Yayin da yake Makka ya yi tafsirin ayyukan addinin Musulunci tare da Bello da Sarki Sa'ud. Ya kuma sadu da dimbin al'ummar al'ummar musulmi ko kuma al'ummar musulmi a kasar Saudiyya, wadanda da yawa daga baya suka zama masu kyautata masa bayan rasuwar Ahmadu Bello a shekarar 1966. Da ya dawo Najeriya ya fara koyarwa a Makarantar Koyon Larabci da ke Kano da kuma wasu Makarantun Musulmi da kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam (JNI) ta kafa wacce ke kusa da birnin Kaduna. Babban bangare na koyarwarsa ya mayar da hankali kan bambance-bambancen al'ada da addini, da yadda za a fahimta da kuma rungumar asalin Musulunci. Ya kuma rubuta tafsirin kur'ani wanda akasari a kan sunna, ya kuma fassara kur'ani daga Larabci zuwa Hausa . Wannan tsari ya kai ga yada Littafi Mai Tsarki ga dimbin jama’ar Arewacin Najeriya, kuma ra’ayoyinsa da sakonsa kan muhimman koyarwar Musulunci sun fara samun dimbin masu sauraro. [1] Sai dai adawar da ya yi da manyan 'yan uwantakar Sufaye kamar Tijjaniyya da Qadiriyya ta jawo masa suka a kai a kai, kuma wasu daga cikin musulmi suka rika kai masa hari kan tafsirinsa; ya kan amsa da cewa su ci gaba da yin tafsirin nasu, idan ba sa son nasa. [1] A shekarun 1970 ya zama mai yawan fitowa a shirye-shiryen talabijin, musamman a lokutan bukukuwan Musulunci. "Lokacin da muka je wurin jifan shaiɗan (Jamra) sa'ilin aikin Hajji, sai mutanenmu suka riƙa yin wasu abubuwa marasa ma'ana. "Wasu suka riƙa nemo manyan duwatsu, wasu kuma suka riƙa cire takalmansu suna jifan jamrah, suna zage-zage da furta munanan kalamai, da sunan jifan shaiɗan." Wannan na daga cikin abubuwan da suka sanya Sheikh Abubakar Gumi ya yi yunƙuri a hukumance na sake faɗakar da mabiya addinin Musulunci a Najeriya yadda ake yin addini, bayan sanar da Firimiyan arewa na farko Ahmadu Bello, kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗaliban marigayin, Sheikh Yusuf Sambo Rigachikun ya tabbatar wa BBC. Wannan yunƙuri ya haifar da kafa wasu ƙungiyoyi guda biyu waɗanda suka jagoranci tafiyar da lamurran addinin Musulunci a Najeriya - Jama'atu Nasril Islam, sai kuma daga baya Jama'atu Izalatil Bidi'a wa Iqamatussunnah - lamarin da ya yi tasiri kan miliyoyin mabiya addinin a Najeriya. Shekara 33 bayan rasuwarsa, miliyoyin Musulmai a Najeriya na ci gaba da bin koyarwarsa, sannan ƙungiyoyin da ya jagoranci kafawa ne a gaba-gaba wajen yaɗawa da kuma tafiyar da al'amuran Musulunci a ƙasar. Baya ga Shehu Usman Danfodiyo, wanda ya yi jihadin sake ɗabbaƙa addinin Musulunci a ƙasar Hausa a farkon shekarun 1800, ana ganin cewa babu wani malami da koyarsa ta Musulunci ta yi tasiri a Najeriya kamar Abubakar Gumi. Wasu masana addini ma na ganin tasirin da Gumi ya yi "ta fi" ta Usman Danfodio, kasancewar a lokacinsa akwai hanyoyin sadarwa irin su talabijin da rediyo da hanyar wallafa litattafai da jaridu, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen yaɗa ayyukansa a ƙasar Hausa da maƙwafta. <ref>Bbc</ref> == Kawo sauyi == Tun kafin yunƙurin samar da ƙungiyoyin sake ilimantar da Musulman Najeriya kan ibada, Abubakar Gumi ya kasance mutum mai neman kawo sauyi, lamarin da ya sa ya yi ƙaurin suna tsakanin malamai da sarakuna har ma da turawan mulkin mallaka. A cikin littafinsa na Manufata, Gumi ya tuno yadda ya ƙalubalanci malaman addinin Musulunci waɗanda suke yin addini "yadda suka ga dama". Gumi ya ce "Sufanci ya zamo jiki a tsakanin al'umma ta yadda babu wanda ya damu ya binciki ko ya yi daidai da koyawar al-Ƙur'ani da hadisan annabi Muhammad". Irin wannan yunƙuri nasa ya fara jan hankali ne a lokacin da yake koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru a shekarar 1949. A lokacin ya fahimci yadda malaman addini da kuma sauran al'umma ke cakuɗa ibada da al'adu ko wasu abubuwa na daban. Limamin Juma'a na Maru a wancan lokaci ya kasance yana yin taimama domin yin sallah a maimakon alwala da ruwa, duk kuwa da wadatuwar ruwan da kuma rashin wata hujja ta yin taimamar. Bayan yunƙurin da ya yi na faɗakar da limamin game da 'haramcin' hakan, amma abin ya ci tura, Gumi ya hana ɗalibansa halartar sallar Juma'a a babban masallacin Maru, inda ya riƙa jan su sallah a cikin makaranta. A matsayin martani, sarkin Maru ya rubuta takardar ƙorafi kan Abubakar Gumi zuwa ga fadar sarkin Musulmi da kuma hukumomi turawan mulkin mallaka. Sai dai a ƙarshe Abubakar Gumi ne ya yi nasara ta hanyar gabatar da hujjoji masu ƙarfi da suka tabbatar da koyarwarsa. A game da turawan mulkin mallaka, Gumi ya ce "Idan na tuna ɓarnar da mulkin mallakar Birtaniya ya yi a ƙasarmu, nakan riƙa mamakin yadda mutanenmu suka kwashe tsawon shekaru ba tare da sun fahimci hakan ba. "Hatta a tsakanin masu iliminmu, ƙalilan ne suke tsayawa su fahimci yadda mulkin mallaka ya illa ga tunaninmu".<ref>bbc</ref> == Littafin da ya yamutsa hazo == Littafin da Abubakar Gumi ya rubuta a shekara ta 1972 mai taken 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha bi-Muwafaqat al-Shar'i' ya haifar da zazzafar muhawara tsakanin Musulman arewacin Najeriya sanadiyyar kakkausar sukar da littafin ya yi kan wasu ayyuka na masu bin akidar sufanci. A wannan lokaci kusan ɗaukacin Musulman Najeriya na bin tsari ne na ɗariƙa, wadda ta samo asali daga koyarwa irin ta sufanci. Da farko Abubakar Gumi ya ce ya rubuta littafin ne domin amfanin masu ilimi, kasancewar koyarwar littafin zai yi tsaurin fahimta ga mabiya, waɗanda iliminsu bai yi nisa ba. Sai dai a lokacin da ya tafi Saudiyya, sai Mallam Isma'ila Idris ya ɗauki littafin ya yi wa'azi da shi a birnin Kaduna, wani abu da ya haifar da ruɗani, abin da ya kai ga dole sai da ya ajiye aikinsa na gwamnati a matsayin malami. Bayan ajiye aiki, Mallam Idris ya shiga aikin soja, inda ya yi aiki a garuruwa da dama na Najeriya, kafin mayar da shi garin Jos, kuma duk inda ya je ya riƙa koyar da karatu ta hanyar amfani da littafin Sheikh Gumi na 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha'. Wannan ne ya haifar da ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar Izalatil Bidi'a wa iƙamatussunnah a birnin Jos. Da'awar Gumi na kira ga Musulmi su yi aiki da karantarwar al-Ƙur'ani da kuma Hadisan Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) kawai, wani abu da ake ganin ya kawo gagarumin sauyi a yadda ake tafiyar da ibada a Najeriya da wasu ƙasashen da ke maƙwaftaka a lokacin.<ref>bbc</ref> == Wane ne Abubakar Gumi? == An haifi Abubakar Mahmud Gumi ne ranar Juma'a 7 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1924, wadda ita ce Juma'a ta ƙarshe ta watan Ramadan na shekara ta 1344 bayan hijira, kamar yadda malamin ya bayyana a cikin litattafinsa. Shahararren malamin addinin Musulunci ne kuma masanin shari'a, wanda ya kai har matsayin Alkalin Alkalai (Grand kadi) na arewacin Najeriya. Ya fara samun ilimi ne a wajen mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi. Sunan mahaifinsa Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, wanda ake kiransa da Na-Gumi, saboda zaman da ya yi a garin Gumi bayan zama a wurare daban-daban na ƙasar Hausa, kamar Katsina, Borno da Dutse. Mahaifin Abubakar Gumi ya kasance babban malamin addinin Musulunci da shari'a, kuma ɗaya daga cikin malamai da aka fi girmamawa a yankin Sokoto da Zamfara da kuma Kebbi a zamaninsa. Kakan mahaifin Abubakar Gumi shi ne Sheikh Aliyu Barou el-Badawi, wanda ya fito daga ƙabilar Larabawa ta Bedouin, waɗanda aka sani da kiwo a yankin Larabawa da arewacin nahiyar Afirka. Babu cikakken bayani kan yadda ya isa yankin Sokoto, amma dai ana ganin zuwan sa ba ya rasa nasaba da ziyarar da Larabawa suka riƙa yi zuwa ƙasar Hausa bayan ƙarni na 15, lokacin da Musulunci ya samu karɓuwa a ƙasar Hausa. Sunan mahaifiyar Abubakar Gumi Hafsatu, ɗiyar Malam Adamu, wadda mahaifinsa ya aura lokacin da yake koyarwa a Jega.<ref>bbc</ref> == Karatu == Abubakar Gumi ya fara karatunsa ne a hannun mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, inda ya haddace al-Ƙur'ani sannan kuma ya yi karatun litattafai da dama. Bayan nan a shekara ta 1933 ya shiga makarantar boko ta Dogon Daji Elementary School, inda daga baya aka mayar da shi makarantar Middle da ke Sokoto a shekara ta 1936. Daga nan ne ya tafi makarantar ilimin shari'a ta Kano. Sannan a shekara ta 1952 ya zurfafa karatu a makarantar koyar da Larabci ta Kano. Daga nan ne kuma ya yi karatun babbar difloma a cibiyar ilimi ta Bakht al-Rida da ke Sudan daga shekarar 1955 zuwa 1956. A shekarar 1987, Gumi ya lashe kyautar Sarki Faisal kan hidima ga addinin Muslunci. Daga cikin abubuwan da suka sa ya cancanci lambar girmamawar su ne wa'azi da kuma koyar da addinin Musulunci, taimakawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam da fassara alƙur'ani zuwa harshen Hausa da kuma rubuta litattafai na addinin Musulunci.<ref>bbc</ref> == Ayyukan ilimi == Abubakar Gumi ya yi gagarumar hidima ta hanyar rubuce-rubuce da kuma fassarar litattafai na addini.<ref>Bbc</ref> Litattafan da ya rubuta waɗanda suka fi yin fice sun haɗa da:<ref>Bbc</ref> * Tafsirin Al-ƙur'ani na '''Rad al-Azhan ila Ma'ani al-Qur`an''' * Al-Aqidah al-Sahiha bi Muwafaqat al-Shari'a * Kitab al-Nasihaila Amir MantiqatKatsina * Manufata / Where I Stand * Hal al-Niza` fi Mas´alatNuzul Isa alaih al-Salatwa al-Salam * Musulunchi da Abinda ke Rushe Shi * Zad al-Haj * Kitab Maratib al-Islam * Kitab Manasik al-hajwa al-Umra '''Fassara:''' * Fassarar ma'anonin al-Ƙur'ani mai girma * Fassarar Hadisai Arba'in (al-Nawawi) * Fassarar littafin Nur al-Bab * Fassarar littafin Hidayat al-Tullab fiAhamMasail al-Din == Rasuwa == Sheikh Abubakar Mahmoud Gumi ya rasu ne a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1992, a birnin Landan na ƙasar Birtaniya. A lokacin da ya rasu, al'umma sun girgiza kasancerwar sa mutumin da ya samu karɓuwa a tsakanin shugabanni da masu sarauta da kuma sauran al'umma. Gumi ya kasance malami, alƙali kuma tsani tsakanin shugabanni da talakawa. Baya ga batun addini, Sheikh Gumi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ɓangaren mulki da kuma ayyukan gwamnati. Ya kasance mai kusanci sosai ga masu mulki, sannan ya riƙa ƙarfafa wa al'ummar arewacin Najeriya, musamman Musulmai gwiwa wajen shiga ayyukan gwamnati da karatun zamani. Tsarin koyarwarsa ya sha bamban, inda ake yaba masa wajen haƙuri tare da ƙoƙarin ganin al'umma sun fahimci abin da yake koyarwa.<ref>bbc</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gumi, Abubakar Mahmud}} pj37loc0ryst86wmm8f0m0skak6gu5c 829893 829890 2026-05-05T05:11:42Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829893 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Sultan Bello Mosque 05.jpg|thumb|Masallacin [[Masallacin Sarkin Musulmi Bello|Sultan Bello]] dake Kaduna inda Malam Abubakar Gummi ya yi limanci tare da gabatar da wa'azinsa.]] [[File:Abubakar Mahmoud Gummi.jpg|thumb|Malam Abubakar Gummi]] '''Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi''' (an haife shi a shekara 1962 –zuwa shekarar 1992)<ref name="HunwickO'Fahey1994">{{cite book|author1=John O. Hunwick|author2=Rex Séan O'Fahey|title=Arabic Literature of Africa: The writings of central Sudanic Africa Vol.2. Volume 13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nKXOThUEpcC&pg=PA551dq=Abubakar+Gummi+1922|year=1994|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-10494-1|page=551}}</ref> malamin Addinin Musulunci ne ɗan Najeriya kuma alƙalin alƙalai na yankin [[Arewacin Najeriya]], matsayin da ya sanya shi ya zama cibiyar tafsirin tsarin shari’a a yankin. Ya kasance na kusa da [[Ahmadu Bello]], Firimiyan Arewa a shekarun alif 1950 zuwa 1960 kuma ya zama Grand Khadi a shekara ta 1967, Kafin a soke wannan mukamin daga baya. Gummi ya fito a matsayin shugaba mai faɗa a ji a lokacin mulkin mallaka, inda yake ganin tsarin mulkin kai tsaye ya raunana ƙarfin addini na sarakuna da kuma ƙarfafa Turawan Yamma. Tun daga shekarun alif 1960 ne ake samun rigingimu tsakanin jama’a tsakaninsa da shugabannin ‘yan’uwantakar Sufaye, waɗanda daga baya ya yi muhawara a shirye-shiryen talabijin a shekarun alif 1970 zuwa shekara ta alif 1980. A wannan lokacin ya ci gaba da maida hankalinsa wajen gudanar da tarukan juma'a a cikin babban masallacin Kaduna ([[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]). Ya yi amfani da zaman wajen Farfaɗo da sukar da ya ke yi wa hukumomi bisa ga ra'ayinsa na koma baya ga tsarin tushen ko kuma buƙatar rungumar aikin tsafta na Musulunci. Ya kuma yi suka da kakkausar murya kan shigar sufanci. Yana da ’ya’ya da yawa, daga ciki akwai [[Ahmad Gummi|Dr. Ahmad Abubakar Gummi]] wanda ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin malamin babban masallacin Kaduna (Sultan Bello), Dakta Ahmad Gummi ƙwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] Zariya. kuma tsohon hafsan soji ne, ya bar aikin soja, ya yi tattaki zuwa jami'ar umm al-Qura da ke [[Makkah]], ƙasar [[Saudiyya]] inda ya yi karatun digirin digirgir (PhD). Gummi mabiyin mazhabar [[malikiyya]] ne, wannan ya samo asali ne ta hanyar rubuce-rubucen sa da suka haɗa da tafsirin alƙur'ani (Raddul azhaan ila ma'anil Ƙur'an). da sauran littafai kamar (hullu nizam ala nuzuul isa) da (Al-Aqidatus As-Saheehah bi muwafaqati ash- Shari'ah) da sauransu == Karatu == Ya yi karatu da rubuce-rubuce a kan addinin [[musulunci]] sosai, ya fassara [[Qur'an|Qur'ani]] zuwa [[Hausa|harshen Hausa]], kuma shi ne mutum na farko da ya rubuta tarjama wato fassarar ɗai-ɗaikun ayoyin dake Alkur'ani.<ref>John N. Paden, Muslim Civic Cultures and Conflict Resolution: the challenge of democratic federalism in Nigeria, Brookings Institution Press, 2005. p 60. ISBN 0-8157-6817-6</ref> Hakan ne ya sa ya samu nasarar samun kyautar Sarki Faisal(King Faisal Award), daga ƙasar saudiya. Malamin dai ya kasance babban aboki kuma mai ba wa Firimiya [[Ahmadu Bello]] Sardaunan Sakkwato shawara. Shi ne mahaifin Dakta Shaikh [[Ahmad Gumi]]. == Shahara == Gummi ya shahara tun lokacin mulkin mallakar Turawa a matsayin mai faɗa a ji, yana sukar salon Mulkin [[Turawa]], cewa ya karya lagon sarakunan Musulmi kuma hakan yana Ƙara karfafa al'adun Turai a ƙasashen musulunci. A farkon shekara ta 1960 an samu ɓarkewar rikici tsakanin sa da malaman sufaye wanda daga baya rikicin ya koma muhawara a gidajen rediyo da talabijin a shekarun 1970 zuwa shekara ta 1980.<ref>The Independent: "Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi" by Karl Maier 16 September 1992</ref> Ya riƙa amfani da ranakun Juma'a a matsayin lokutan yaɗa aƙidunsa a babban Masallacin Juma'a na [[Kaduna]] mai suna [[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]. == Dangi == Abubakar Gummi ba a san takamaiman yawan yayansa ba, amma mafi shahara a cikinsu shi ne Dr. [[Ahmad Abubakar Gummi]] Wanda shi ne ya gaji Mahaifinsa a matsayin mai gabatar da wa'azi a masallacin na Sultan Bello dake Kaduna. Dr Ahmad Gummi ƙwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke [[Zariya]]. Kuma tsohon jami'in sojin Nijeriya ne, ya bar aikin soja inda ya tafi zuwa ƙasar Saudiyya domin karanta ilimin fiƙihu, a jami'ar [[Ummul Quraa]] da ke birnin [[Makkah|Makka]] inda ya samu shaidar digirin digir-gir.<ref>John Owen Hunwick. Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan, Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. ISBN 0-8101-1037-7</ref> [[File:Nigerian Public Domain 105.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Abubakar Gumi a shekarar 1970.]] == Tarihi == === Rayuwar farko da ilimi === An haifi Sheikh Gummi a garin Gummi (yanzu ƙaramar hukuma ce a jihar Zamfara ) a ranar Juma'ar karshe na watan Ramadan shekara ta 1344, ga iyalan Mahmud, malamin addinin Musulunci kuma Alkali (alkali) na Gummi. Iliminsa ya fara ne a bangon danginsa lokacin yana ɗalibin koyarwar addinin musulunci na mahaifinsa. Daga nan ya wuce makarantar da ke ƙarƙashin kulawar wani Malami mai suna Musa da ke Ambursa a lardin Sakkwato . A nan aka gabatar da shi ilimin Fiqhu da karanta littafai da waƙoƙin yabo ga Annabi. Makarantar boko ta farko da ya yi ita ce makarantar firamare ta Dogondaji, yayin da a makarantar firamare ya hadu da Sarkin Musulmi na 18 a nan gaba, Ibrahim Dasuki, kuma ya yi fice a harkokin addini. An nada shi Hakimin Salla (shugaban sallah) kuma an dora masa alhakin ciyar da dalibai ayyukan addini. A cikin shekara guda aka mayar da shi Makarantar Midil ta Sakkwato, inda Ahmadu Bello yake koyarwa. A nan ne ya saba da Shehu Shagari, da Waziri Muhammadu Junaidu, da Yahaya Gusau; na baya-bayan nan shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam, wata fitacciyar kungiyar Musulmi ta Najeriya . Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na secondary ya tafi [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] inda ya karanta fannin shari'a sannan ya samu horon Qadi . Ya fara aiki a matsayin magatakarda ga Qadi Attahiru amma ba da jimawa ba ya rasa nasaba da takamaiman aikinsa. Ya ba da darussa na sirri kan Musulunci da [[tafsiri]] a matsayin kubuta daga bacin ransa. Ya rasa mahaifinsa a shekara ta 1937 a lokacin da yake makarantar sakandare. Ya yi aure bayan shekara 3 da Maryama a shekarar 1941 yana dan shekara 19. <ref name="IndependentObit">{{Cite web |date=1992-09-15 |title=Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sheikh-abubakar-mahmud-gumi-1551628.html |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> === Farkon aiki === A shekarar 1947 Abubakar Gumi ya bar aikin sakatare na Qadi Attahiru ya tafi koyarwa a makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta Kano, wadda ya taba halarta a baya. A lokacin da yake Kano, ya hadu da Sheik Sa'id Hayatu, dan shugaban Mahdiyya na karni na 19, Hayatu ibn Sa'id, kuma wani mutum da ake ganin yana daya daga cikin fitattun wadanda mulkin mallaka ya rutsa da su. Shi ne shugaban kungiyar Mahdiyya, kuma ya dawo daga zaman tilas a kasar Kamaru . Abubakar ya shaku da koyarwar harkar Mahdiyya, a takaice ya zama mabiyi; Daga baya ya auri diyar Hayatu, Maryam. Duk da haka, ta rasu bayan ta haifi ɗa namiji. Dan Abubakar Gumi na farko ba Ahmad Abubakar ba ne, Dr Hamza Abubakar likita ne da ke aiki a yanzu haka a birnin Riyadh na kasar Saudiyya, sai kuma Manjo Janar Abdulkadir Abubakar (rtd) da kuma yaya mata biyu – daya ya auri marigayi Mai shari’a Muhammadu Bello, tsohon alkalin alkalai na tarayya, dayan kuma ta auri Sheik Sunusi Gumbi, sanannen malamin addinin musulunci kuma dalibin Abubakar Gumi. A 1949 Gumi ya sami aikin koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru, Sakkwato. Makarantar tana da wani shahararren malami mai suna [[Aminu Kano]], wanda shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar malamai ta Arewa kuma mai kula da wasu ‘yan [[Makarantar Islamiyya|makarantun musulmi]] . Aminu da Gumi sun yi cudanya tare da raba ra’ayoyi kan tasirin al’ummar gargajiya da addinin Musulunci, da kuma halin ko in kula ko goyon bayan da ‘yan’uwan Sufaye suke ba wa halin da ake ciki na [[Bida|Bidi’a]] . Ya bar Maru ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar koyon Larabci da ke Kano. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya zama malami na tsawon shekaru biyu a makarantar. Ya kuma halarci makarantar ilimi a Sudan. <ref name="Hunwick">John Owen Hunwick. ''Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan'', Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. {{ISBN|0-8101-1037-7}}</ref> A 1957 ya zama mai fassara ga gwamnatin Arewacin Najeriya kan al'amuran [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] . == Rikici == Abubakar Gumi yana da ra'ayi game da tsarin mulki da na addini na jami'an masarautu a Arewacin Najeriya. Rikicin akidarsa na farko da hukumomi shine a Maru. Rikici ya shafi aikin Tayamum . Babban Limamin Masallacin Maru ya kasance yana yin wanka da yashi (Tayammum) gabanin Sallah yayin da Gumi ya yi nuni da cewa Tayammu ana amfani da ita ne kawai idan ba a samu ruwa ba, kuma ana samun ruwa sosai a Maru . Gumi ya ci gaba da kalubalantar wannan al’ada, inda ya nemi dalibai da kada su fito don yin Sallah har sai Imam ya fasa yin Taimiyya. Sai dai Gumi wanda a baya ya rubuta kakkausar murya kan Sarkin Musulmi, yanzu ya samu Sarkin Musulmi yana sha’awar kokensa da babban limamin Maru. An kafa kwamitin bincike kan lamarin tare da goyon bayan Sarkin Musulmi. Sai dai da yake Gumi ya fi sanin aqidar Musulunci, haka nan kuma basirarsa ta gardama, sai hukumar ta yanke hukunci a kan Gumi. [1] Bayan samun nasara kadan a kan Sarkin Musulmi, Gumi ya yi amfani da hankalin da ya samu ta hanyar rubuta wata kasida mai mahimmanci a kan batun Musulmi, musamman Sarkin Musulmi, ya karbi mukaman Ingila . A lokacin, sannu a hankali ya fara ƙalubalantar imani da halaye na ayyuka a tsakanin al'ummar musulmi. [ abubuwan da ake bukata ] Wani harin da Gumi ya kai shi ne kungiyar [[Ahmadiyya]] karkashin jagorancin [[Jibril Martin]] . Yunkurin ya kasance manufa mai sauƙi ga Gumi, saboda wasu ra'ayoyin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar sun yi hannun riga da ainihin akidar Musulunci, kamar yadda wanda ya kafa ya sanya kansa a matsayin annabci . Daga baya Gumi ya fara fargabar wannan harkar ne sakamakon kwarewar tsarin kungiya na wanda ya assasa Najeriya, a hankali kungiyar ta shiga cikin hukumar alhazai ta yammacin Najeriya, sannan ta kafa makarantun almajirai a Kudu sannan kuma ya tashi zuwa arewa wajen yada manufofin Ahmadiyya. Gumi ya dauki wannan kalubale cikin sauki sannan aka dakile manufar kungiyar ta arewa. == Bayyanarshi a Kafafen yaɗa labarai == Sheik Gumi ya yi hajjin sa na farko zuwa Makka a shekarar 1955 kuma Ahmadu Bello ne ya hada shi da shi. Yayin da yake Makka ya yi tafsirin ayyukan addinin Musulunci tare da Bello da Sarki Sa'ud. Ya kuma sadu da dimbin al'ummar al'ummar musulmi ko kuma al'ummar musulmi a kasar Saudiyya, wadanda da yawa daga baya suka zama masu kyautata masa bayan rasuwar Ahmadu Bello a shekarar 1966. Da ya dawo Najeriya ya fara koyarwa a Makarantar Koyon Larabci da ke Kano da kuma wasu Makarantun Musulmi da kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam (JNI) ta kafa wacce ke kusa da birnin Kaduna. Babban bangare na koyarwarsa ya mayar da hankali kan bambance-bambancen al'ada da addini, da yadda za a fahimta da kuma rungumar asalin Musulunci. Ya kuma rubuta tafsirin kur'ani wanda akasari a kan sunna, ya kuma fassara kur'ani daga Larabci zuwa Hausa . Wannan tsari ya kai ga yada Littafi Mai Tsarki ga dimbin jama’ar Arewacin Najeriya, kuma ra’ayoyinsa da sakonsa kan muhimman koyarwar Musulunci sun fara samun dimbin masu sauraro. [1] Sai dai adawar da ya yi da manyan 'yan uwantakar Sufaye kamar Tijjaniyya da Qadiriyya ta jawo masa suka a kai a kai, kuma wasu daga cikin musulmi suka rika kai masa hari kan tafsirinsa; ya kan amsa da cewa su ci gaba da yin tafsirin nasu, idan ba sa son nasa. [1] A shekarun 1970 ya zama mai yawan fitowa a shirye-shiryen talabijin, musamman a lokutan bukukuwan Musulunci. "Lokacin da muka je wurin jifan shaiɗan (Jamra) sa'ilin aikin Hajji, sai mutanenmu suka riƙa yin wasu abubuwa marasa ma'ana. "Wasu suka riƙa nemo manyan duwatsu, wasu kuma suka riƙa cire takalmansu suna jifan jamrah, suna zage-zage da furta munanan kalamai, da sunan jifan shaiɗan." Wannan na daga cikin abubuwan da suka sanya Sheikh Abubakar Gumi ya yi yunƙuri a hukumance na sake faɗakar da mabiya addinin Musulunci a Najeriya yadda ake yin addini, bayan sanar da Firimiyan arewa na farko Ahmadu Bello, kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗaliban marigayin, Sheikh Yusuf Sambo Rigachikun ya tabbatar wa BBC. Wannan yunƙuri ya haifar da kafa wasu ƙungiyoyi guda biyu waɗanda suka jagoranci tafiyar da lamurran addinin Musulunci a Najeriya - Jama'atu Nasril Islam, sai kuma daga baya Jama'atu Izalatil Bidi'a wa Iqamatussunnah - lamarin da ya yi tasiri kan miliyoyin mabiya addinin a Najeriya. Shekara 33 bayan rasuwarsa, miliyoyin Musulmai a Najeriya na ci gaba da bin koyarwarsa, sannan ƙungiyoyin da ya jagoranci kafawa ne a gaba-gaba wajen yaɗawa da kuma tafiyar da al'amuran Musulunci a ƙasar. Baya ga Shehu Usman Danfodiyo, wanda ya yi jihadin sake ɗabbaƙa addinin Musulunci a ƙasar Hausa a farkon shekarun 1800, ana ganin cewa babu wani malami da koyarsa ta Musulunci ta yi tasiri a Najeriya kamar Abubakar Gumi. Wasu masana addini ma na ganin tasirin da Gumi ya yi "ta fi" ta Usman Danfodio, kasancewar a lokacinsa akwai hanyoyin sadarwa irin su talabijin da rediyo da hanyar wallafa litattafai da jaridu, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen yaɗa ayyukansa a ƙasar Hausa da maƙwafta. <ref>Bbc</ref> == Kawo sauyi == Tun kafin yunƙurin samar da ƙungiyoyin sake ilimantar da Musulman Najeriya kan ibada, Abubakar Gumi ya kasance mutum mai neman kawo sauyi, lamarin da ya sa ya yi ƙaurin suna tsakanin malamai da sarakuna har ma da turawan mulkin mallaka. A cikin littafinsa na Manufata, Gumi ya tuno yadda ya ƙalubalanci malaman addinin Musulunci waɗanda suke yin addini "yadda suka ga dama". Gumi ya ce "Sufanci ya zamo jiki a tsakanin al'umma ta yadda babu wanda ya damu ya binciki ko ya yi daidai da koyawar al-Ƙur'ani da hadisan annabi Muhammad". Irin wannan yunƙuri nasa ya fara jan hankali ne a lokacin da yake koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru a shekarar 1949. A lokacin ya fahimci yadda malaman addini da kuma sauran al'umma ke cakuɗa ibada da al'adu ko wasu abubuwa na daban. Limamin Juma'a na Maru a wancan lokaci ya kasance yana yin taimama domin yin sallah a maimakon alwala da ruwa, duk kuwa da wadatuwar ruwan da kuma rashin wata hujja ta yin taimamar. Bayan yunƙurin da ya yi na faɗakar da limamin game da 'haramcin' hakan, amma abin ya ci tura, Gumi ya hana ɗalibansa halartar sallar Juma'a a babban masallacin Maru, inda ya riƙa jan su sallah a cikin makaranta. A matsayin martani, sarkin Maru ya rubuta takardar ƙorafi kan Abubakar Gumi zuwa ga fadar sarkin Musulmi da kuma hukumomi turawan mulkin mallaka. Sai dai a ƙarshe Abubakar Gumi ne ya yi nasara ta hanyar gabatar da hujjoji masu ƙarfi da suka tabbatar da koyarwarsa. A game da turawan mulkin mallaka, Gumi ya ce "Idan na tuna ɓarnar da mulkin mallakar Birtaniya ya yi a ƙasarmu, nakan riƙa mamakin yadda mutanenmu suka kwashe tsawon shekaru ba tare da sun fahimci hakan ba. "Hatta a tsakanin masu iliminmu, ƙalilan ne suke tsayawa su fahimci yadda mulkin mallaka ya illa ga tunaninmu".<ref>bbc</ref> == Littafin da ya yamutsa hazo == Littafin da Abubakar Gumi ya rubuta a shekara ta 1972 mai taken 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha bi-Muwafaqat al-Shar'i' ya haifar da zazzafar muhawara tsakanin Musulman arewacin Najeriya sanadiyyar kakkausar sukar da littafin ya yi kan wasu ayyuka na masu bin akidar sufanci. A wannan lokaci kusan ɗaukacin Musulman Najeriya na bin tsari ne na ɗariƙa, wadda ta samo asali daga koyarwa irin ta sufanci. Da farko Abubakar Gumi ya ce ya rubuta littafin ne domin amfanin masu ilimi, kasancewar koyarwar littafin zai yi tsaurin fahimta ga mabiya, waɗanda iliminsu bai yi nisa ba. Sai dai a lokacin da ya tafi Saudiyya, sai Mallam Isma'ila Idris ya ɗauki littafin ya yi wa'azi da shi a birnin Kaduna, wani abu da ya haifar da ruɗani, abin da ya kai ga dole sai da ya ajiye aikinsa na gwamnati a matsayin malami. Bayan ajiye aiki, Mallam Idris ya shiga aikin soja, inda ya yi aiki a garuruwa da dama na Najeriya, kafin mayar da shi garin Jos, kuma duk inda ya je ya riƙa koyar da karatu ta hanyar amfani da littafin Sheikh Gumi na 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha'. Wannan ne ya haifar da ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar Izalatil Bidi'a wa iƙamatussunnah a birnin Jos. Da'awar Gumi na kira ga Musulmi su yi aiki da karantarwar al-Ƙur'ani da kuma Hadisan Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) kawai, wani abu da ake ganin ya kawo gagarumin sauyi a yadda ake tafiyar da ibada a Najeriya da wasu ƙasashen da ke maƙwaftaka a lokacin.<ref>bbc</ref> == Wane ne Abubakar Gumi? == An haifi Abubakar Mahmud Gumi ne ranar Juma'a 7 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1924, wadda ita ce Juma'a ta ƙarshe ta watan Ramadan na shekara ta 1344 bayan hijira, kamar yadda malamin ya bayyana a cikin litattafinsa. Shahararren malamin addinin Musulunci ne kuma masanin shari'a, wanda ya kai har matsayin Alkalin Alkalai (Grand kadi) na arewacin Najeriya. Ya fara samun ilimi ne a wajen mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi. Sunan mahaifinsa Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, wanda ake kiransa da Na-Gumi, saboda zaman da ya yi a garin Gumi bayan zama a wurare daban-daban na ƙasar Hausa, kamar Katsina, Borno da Dutse. Mahaifin Abubakar Gumi ya kasance babban malamin addinin Musulunci da shari'a, kuma ɗaya daga cikin malamai da aka fi girmamawa a yankin Sokoto da Zamfara da kuma Kebbi a zamaninsa. Kakan mahaifin Abubakar Gumi shi ne Sheikh Aliyu Barou el-Badawi, wanda ya fito daga ƙabilar Larabawa ta Bedouin, waɗanda aka sani da kiwo a yankin Larabawa da arewacin nahiyar Afirka. Babu cikakken bayani kan yadda ya isa yankin Sokoto, amma dai ana ganin zuwan sa ba ya rasa nasaba da ziyarar da Larabawa suka riƙa yi zuwa ƙasar Hausa bayan ƙarni na 15, lokacin da Musulunci ya samu karɓuwa a ƙasar Hausa. Sunan mahaifiyar Abubakar Gumi Hafsatu, ɗiyar Malam Adamu, wadda mahaifinsa ya aura lokacin da yake koyarwa a Jega.<ref>bbc</ref> == Karatu == Abubakar Gumi ya fara karatunsa ne a hannun mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, inda ya haddace al-Ƙur'ani sannan kuma ya yi karatun litattafai da dama. Bayan nan a shekara ta 1933 ya shiga makarantar boko ta Dogon Daji Elementary School, inda daga baya aka mayar da shi makarantar Middle da ke Sokoto a shekara ta 1936. Daga nan ne ya tafi makarantar ilimin shari'a ta Kano. Sannan a shekara ta 1952 ya zurfafa karatu a makarantar koyar da Larabci ta Kano. Daga nan ne kuma ya yi karatun babbar difloma a cibiyar ilimi ta Bakht al-Rida da ke Sudan daga shekarar 1955 zuwa 1956. A shekarar 1987, Gumi ya lashe kyautar Sarki Faisal kan hidima ga addinin Muslunci. Daga cikin abubuwan da suka sa ya cancanci lambar girmamawar su ne wa'azi da kuma koyar da addinin Musulunci, taimakawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam da fassara alƙur'ani zuwa harshen Hausa da kuma rubuta litattafai na addinin Musulunci.<ref>bbc</ref> == Ayyukan ilimi == Abubakar Gumi ya yi gagarumar hidima ta hanyar rubuce-rubuce da kuma fassarar litattafai na addini.<ref>Bbc</ref> Litattafan da ya rubuta waɗanda suka fi yin fice sun haɗa da:<ref>Bbc</ref> * Tafsirin Al-ƙur'ani na '''Rad al-Azhan ila Ma'ani al-Qur`an''' * Al-Aqidah al-Sahiha bi Muwafaqat al-Shari'a * Kitab al-Nasihaila Amir MantiqatKatsina * Manufata / Where I Stand * Hal al-Niza` fi Mas´alatNuzul Isa alaih al-Salatwa al-Salam * Musulunchi da Abinda ke Rushe Shi * Zad al-Haj * Kitab Maratib al-Islam * Kitab Manasik al-hajwa al-Umra '''Fassara:''' * Fassarar ma'anonin al-Ƙur'ani mai girma * Fassarar Hadisai Arba'in (al-Nawawi) * Fassarar littafin Nur al-Bab * Fassarar littafin Hidayat al-Tullab fiAhamMasail al-Din == Rasuwa == Sheikh Abubakar Mahmoud Gumi ya rasu ne a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1992, a birnin Landan na ƙasar Birtaniya. A lokacin da ya rasu, al'umma sun girgiza kasancerwar sa mutumin da ya samu karɓuwa a tsakanin shugabanni da masu sarauta da kuma sauran al'umma. Gumi ya kasance malami, alƙali kuma tsani tsakanin shugabanni da talakawa. Baya ga batun addini, Sheikh Gumi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ɓangaren mulki da kuma ayyukan gwamnati. Ya kasance mai kusanci sosai ga masu mulki, sannan ya riƙa ƙarfafa wa al'ummar arewacin Najeriya, musamman Musulmai gwiwa wajen shiga ayyukan gwamnati da karatun zamani. Tsarin koyarwarsa ya sha bamban, inda ake yaba masa wajen haƙuri tare da ƙoƙarin ganin al'umma sun fahimci abin da yake koyarwa.<ref>bbc</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gumi, Abubakar Mahmud}} bo1a96vb195nqbj6w5dlfa7spow719h 829895 829893 2026-05-05T05:16:01Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829895 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Sultan Bello Mosque 05.jpg|thumb|Masallacin [[Masallacin Sarkin Musulmi Bello|Sultan Bello]] dake Kaduna inda Malam Abubakar Gummi ya yi limanci tare da gabatar da wa'azinsa.]] [[File:Abubakar Mahmoud Gummi.jpg|thumb|Malam Abubakar Gummi]] '''Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi''' (an haife shi a shekara 1962 –zuwa shekarar 1992)<ref name="HunwickO'Fahey1994">{{cite book|author1=John O. Hunwick|author2=Rex Séan O'Fahey|title=Arabic Literature of Africa: The writings of central Sudanic Africa Vol.2. Volume 13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nKXOThUEpcC&pg=PA551dq=Abubakar+Gummi+1922|year=1994|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-10494-1|page=551}}</ref> malamin Addinin Musulunci ne ɗan Najeriya kuma alƙalin alƙalai na yankin [[Arewacin Najeriya]], matsayin da ya sanya shi ya zama cibiyar tafsirin tsarin shari’a a yankin. Ya kasance na kusa da [[Ahmadu Bello]], Firimiyan Arewa a shekarun alif 1950 zuwa 1960 kuma ya zama Grand Khadi a shekara ta 1967, Kafin a soke wannan mukamin daga baya. Gummi ya fito a matsayin shugaba mai faɗa a ji a lokacin mulkin mallaka, inda yake ganin tsarin mulkin kai tsaye ya raunana ƙarfin addini na sarakuna da kuma ƙarfafa Turawan Yamma. Tun daga shekarun alif 1960 ne ake samun rigingimu tsakanin jama’a tsakaninsa da shugabannin ‘yan’uwantakar Sufaye, waɗanda daga baya ya yi muhawara a shirye-shiryen talabijin a shekarun alif 1970 zuwa shekara ta alif 1980. A wannan lokacin ya ci gaba da maida hankalinsa wajen gudanar da tarukan juma'a a cikin babban masallacin Kaduna ([[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]). Ya yi amfani da zaman wajen Farfaɗo da sukar da ya ke yi wa hukumomi bisa ga ra'ayinsa na koma baya ga tsarin tushen ko kuma buƙatar rungumar aikin tsafta na Musulunci. Ya kuma yi suka da kakkausar murya kan shigar sufanci. Yana da ’ya’ya da yawa, daga ciki akwai [[Ahmad Gummi|Dr. Ahmad Abubakar Gummi]] wanda ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin malamin babban masallacin Kaduna (Sultan Bello), Dakta Ahmad Gummi ƙwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] Zariya. kuma tsohon hafsan soji ne, ya bar aikin soja, ya yi tattaki zuwa jami'ar umm al-Qura da ke [[Makkah]], ƙasar [[Saudiyya]] inda ya yi karatun digirin digirgir (PhD). Gummi mabiyin mazhabar [[malikiyya]] ne, wannan ya samo asali ne ta hanyar rubuce-rubucen sa da suka haɗa da tafsirin alƙur'ani (Raddul azhaan ila ma'anil Ƙur'an). da sauran littafai kamar (hullu nizam ala nuzuul isa) da (Al-Aqidatus As-Saheehah bi muwafaqati ash- Shari'ah) da sauransu == Karatu == Ya yi karatu da rubuce-rubuce a kan addinin [[musulunci]] sosai, ya fassara [[Qur'an|Qur'ani]] zuwa [[Hausa|harshen Hausa]], kuma shi ne mutum na farko da ya rubuta tarjama wato fassarar ɗai-ɗaikun ayoyin dake Alkur'ani.<ref>John N. Paden, Muslim Civic Cultures and Conflict Resolution: the challenge of democratic federalism in Nigeria, Brookings Institution Press, 2005. p 60. ISBN 0-8157-6817-6</ref> Hakan ne ya sa ya samu nasarar samun kyautar Sarki Faisal(King Faisal Award), daga ƙasar saudiya. Malamin dai ya kasance babban aboki kuma mai ba wa Firimiya [[Ahmadu Bello]] Sardaunan Sakkwato shawara. Shi ne mahaifin Dakta Shaikh [[Ahmad Gumi]]. == Shahara == Gummi ya shahara tun lokacin mulkin mallakar Turawa a matsayin mai faɗa a ji, yana sukar salon Mulkin [[Turawa]], cewa ya karya lagon sarakunan Musulmi kuma hakan yana Ƙara karfafa al'adun Turai a ƙasashen musulunci. A farkon shekara ta 1960 an samu ɓarkewar rikici tsakanin sa da malaman sufaye wanda daga baya rikicin ya koma muhawara a gidajen rediyo da talabijin a shekarun 1970 zuwa shekara ta 1980.<ref>The Independent: "Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gummi" by Karl Maier 16 September 1992</ref> Ya riƙa amfani da ranakun Juma'a a matsayin lokutan yaɗa aƙidunsa a babban Masallacin Juma'a na [[Kaduna]] mai suna [[Masallacin Sultan Bello]]. == Dangi == Abubakar Gummi ba a san takamaiman yawan yayansa ba, amma mafi shahara a cikinsu shi ne Dr. [[Ahmad Abubakar Gummi]] Wanda shi ne ya gaji Mahaifinsa a matsayin mai gabatar da wa'azi a masallacin na Sultan Bello dake Kaduna. Dr Ahmad Gummi ƙwararren likita ne daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke [[Zariya]]. Kuma tsohon jami'in sojin Nijeriya ne, ya bar aikin soja inda ya tafi zuwa ƙasar Saudiyya domin karanta ilimin fiƙihu, a jami'ar [[Ummul Quraa]] da ke birnin [[Makkah|Makka]] inda ya samu shaidar digirin digir-gir.<ref>John Owen Hunwick. Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan, Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. ISBN 0-8101-1037-7</ref> [[File:Nigerian Public Domain 105.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Abubakar Gumi a shekarar 1970.]] == Tarihi == === Rayuwar farko da ilimi === An haifi Sheikh Gummi a garin Gummi (yanzu ƙaramar hukuma ce a jihar Zamfara ) a ranar Juma'ar karshe na watan Ramadan shekara ta 1344, ga iyalan Mahmud, malamin addinin Musulunci kuma Alkali (alkali) na Gummi. Iliminsa ya fara ne a bangon danginsa lokacin yana ɗalibin koyarwar addinin musulunci na mahaifinsa. Daga nan ya wuce makarantar da ke ƙarƙashin kulawar wani Malami mai suna Musa da ke Ambursa a lardin Sakkwato . A nan aka gabatar da shi ilimin Fiqhu da karanta littafai da waƙoƙin yabo ga Annabi. Makarantar boko ta farko da ya yi ita ce makarantar firamare ta Dogondaji, yayin da a makarantar firamare ya haɗu da Sarkin Musulmi na 18 a nan gaba, Ibrahim Dasuki, kuma ya yi fice a harkokin addini. An nada shi Hakimin Salla (shugaban sallah) kuma an dora masa alhakin ciyar da dalibai ayyukan addini. A cikin shekara guda aka mayar da shi Makarantar Midil ta Sakkwato, inda Ahmadu Bello yake koyarwa. A nan ne ya saba da Shehu Shagari, da Waziri Muhammadu Junaidu, da Yahaya Gusau; na baya-bayan nan shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam, wata fitacciyar kungiyar Musulmi ta Najeriya . Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na secondary ya tafi [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] inda ya karanta fannin shari'a sannan ya samu horon Qadi . Ya fara aiki a matsayin magatakarda ga Qadi Attahiru amma ba da jimawa ba ya rasa nasaba da takamaiman aikinsa. Ya ba da darussa na sirri kan Musulunci da [[tafsiri]] a matsayin kubuta daga bacin ransa. Ya rasa mahaifinsa a shekara ta 1937 a lokacin da yake makarantar sakandare. Ya yi aure bayan shekara 3 da Maryama a shekarar 1941 yana dan shekara 19. <ref name="IndependentObit">{{Cite web |date=1992-09-15 |title=Obituary: Sheikh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sheikh-abubakar-mahmud-gumi-1551628.html |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> === Farkon aiki === A shekarar 1947 Abubakar Gumi ya bar aikin sakatare na Qadi Attahiru ya tafi koyarwa a makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta Kano, wadda ya taba halarta a baya. A lokacin da yake Kano, ya hadu da Sheik Sa'id Hayatu, dan shugaban Mahdiyya na karni na 19, Hayatu ibn Sa'id, kuma wani mutum da ake ganin yana daya daga cikin fitattun wadanda mulkin mallaka ya rutsa da su. Shi ne shugaban kungiyar Mahdiyya, kuma ya dawo daga zaman tilas a kasar Kamaru . Abubakar ya shaku da koyarwar harkar Mahdiyya, a takaice ya zama mabiyi; Daga baya ya auri diyar Hayatu, Maryam. Duk da haka, ta rasu bayan ta haifi ɗa namiji. Dan Abubakar Gumi na farko ba Ahmad Abubakar ba ne, Dr Hamza Abubakar likita ne da ke aiki a yanzu haka a birnin Riyadh na kasar Saudiyya, sai kuma Manjo Janar Abdulkadir Abubakar (rtd) da kuma yaya mata biyu – daya ya auri marigayi Mai shari’a Muhammadu Bello, tsohon alkalin alkalai na tarayya, dayan kuma ta auri Sheik Sunusi Gumbi, sanannen malamin addinin musulunci kuma dalibin Abubakar Gumi. A 1949 Gumi ya sami aikin koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru, Sakkwato. Makarantar tana da wani shahararren malami mai suna [[Aminu Kano]], wanda shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar malamai ta Arewa kuma mai kula da wasu ‘yan [[Makarantar Islamiyya|makarantun musulmi]] . Aminu da Gumi sun yi cudanya tare da raba ra’ayoyi kan tasirin al’ummar gargajiya da addinin Musulunci, da kuma halin ko in kula ko goyon bayan da ‘yan’uwan Sufaye suke ba wa halin da ake ciki na [[Bida|Bidi’a]] . Ya bar Maru ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar koyon Larabci da ke Kano. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya zama malami na tsawon shekaru biyu a makarantar. Ya kuma halarci makarantar ilimi a Sudan. <ref name="Hunwick">John Owen Hunwick. ''Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan'', Northwestern University Press, 1992. p 551. {{ISBN|0-8101-1037-7}}</ref> A 1957 ya zama mai fassara ga gwamnatin Arewacin Najeriya kan al'amuran [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] . == Rikici == Abubakar Gumi yana da ra'ayi game da tsarin mulki da na addini na jami'an masarautu a Arewacin Najeriya. Rikicin akidarsa na farko da hukumomi shine a Maru. Rikici ya shafi aikin Tayamum . Babban Limamin Masallacin Maru ya kasance yana yin wanka da yashi (Tayammum) gabanin Sallah yayin da Gumi ya yi nuni da cewa Tayammu ana amfani da ita ne kawai idan ba a samu ruwa ba, kuma ana samun ruwa sosai a Maru . Gumi ya ci gaba da kalubalantar wannan al’ada, inda ya nemi dalibai da kada su fito don yin Sallah har sai Imam ya fasa yin Taimiyya. Sai dai Gumi wanda a baya ya rubuta kakkausar murya kan Sarkin Musulmi, yanzu ya samu Sarkin Musulmi yana sha’awar kokensa da babban limamin Maru. An kafa kwamitin bincike kan lamarin tare da goyon bayan Sarkin Musulmi. Sai dai da yake Gumi ya fi sanin aqidar Musulunci, haka nan kuma basirarsa ta gardama, sai hukumar ta yanke hukunci a kan Gumi. [1] Bayan samun nasara kadan a kan Sarkin Musulmi, Gumi ya yi amfani da hankalin da ya samu ta hanyar rubuta wata kasida mai mahimmanci a kan batun Musulmi, musamman Sarkin Musulmi, ya karbi mukaman Ingila . A lokacin, sannu a hankali ya fara ƙalubalantar imani da halaye na ayyuka a tsakanin al'ummar musulmi. [ abubuwan da ake bukata ] Wani harin da Gumi ya kai shi ne kungiyar [[Ahmadiyya]] karkashin jagorancin [[Jibril Martin]] . Yunkurin ya kasance manufa mai sauƙi ga Gumi, saboda wasu ra'ayoyin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar sun yi hannun riga da ainihin akidar Musulunci, kamar yadda wanda ya kafa ya sanya kansa a matsayin annabci . Daga baya Gumi ya fara fargabar wannan harkar ne sakamakon kwarewar tsarin kungiya na wanda ya assasa Najeriya, a hankali kungiyar ta shiga cikin hukumar alhazai ta yammacin Najeriya, sannan ta kafa makarantun almajirai a Kudu sannan kuma ya tashi zuwa arewa wajen yada manufofin Ahmadiyya. Gumi ya dauki wannan kalubale cikin sauki sannan aka dakile manufar kungiyar ta arewa. == Bayyanarshi a Kafafen yaɗa labarai == Sheik Gumi ya yi hajjin sa na farko zuwa Makka a shekarar 1955 kuma Ahmadu Bello ne ya hada shi da shi. Yayin da yake Makka ya yi tafsirin ayyukan addinin Musulunci tare da Bello da Sarki Sa'ud. Ya kuma sadu da dimbin al'ummar al'ummar musulmi ko kuma al'ummar musulmi a kasar Saudiyya, wadanda da yawa daga baya suka zama masu kyautata masa bayan rasuwar Ahmadu Bello a shekarar 1966. Da ya dawo Najeriya ya fara koyarwa a Makarantar Koyon Larabci da ke Kano da kuma wasu Makarantun Musulmi da kungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam (JNI) ta kafa wacce ke kusa da birnin Kaduna. Babban bangare na koyarwarsa ya mayar da hankali kan bambance-bambancen al'ada da addini, da yadda za a fahimta da kuma rungumar asalin Musulunci. Ya kuma rubuta tafsirin kur'ani wanda akasari a kan sunna, ya kuma fassara kur'ani daga Larabci zuwa Hausa . Wannan tsari ya kai ga yada Littafi Mai Tsarki ga dimbin jama’ar Arewacin Najeriya, kuma ra’ayoyinsa da sakonsa kan muhimman koyarwar Musulunci sun fara samun dimbin masu sauraro. [1] Sai dai adawar da ya yi da manyan 'yan uwantakar Sufaye kamar Tijjaniyya da Qadiriyya ta jawo masa suka a kai a kai, kuma wasu daga cikin musulmi suka rika kai masa hari kan tafsirinsa; ya kan amsa da cewa su ci gaba da yin tafsirin nasu, idan ba sa son nasa. [1] A shekarun 1970 ya zama mai yawan fitowa a shirye-shiryen talabijin, musamman a lokutan bukukuwan Musulunci. "Lokacin da muka je wurin jifan shaiɗan (Jamra) sa'ilin aikin Hajji, sai mutanenmu suka riƙa yin wasu abubuwa marasa ma'ana. "Wasu suka riƙa nemo manyan duwatsu, wasu kuma suka riƙa cire takalmansu suna jifan jamrah, suna zage-zage da furta munanan kalamai, da sunan jifan shaiɗan." Wannan na daga cikin abubuwan da suka sanya Sheikh Abubakar Gumi ya yi yunƙuri a hukumance na sake faɗakar da mabiya addinin Musulunci a Najeriya yadda ake yin addini, bayan sanar da Firimiyan arewa na farko Ahmadu Bello, kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗaliban marigayin, Sheikh Yusuf Sambo Rigachikun ya tabbatar wa BBC. Wannan yunƙuri ya haifar da kafa wasu ƙungiyoyi guda biyu waɗanda suka jagoranci tafiyar da lamurran addinin Musulunci a Najeriya - Jama'atu Nasril Islam, sai kuma daga baya Jama'atu Izalatil Bidi'a wa Iqamatussunnah - lamarin da ya yi tasiri kan miliyoyin mabiya addinin a Najeriya. Shekara 33 bayan rasuwarsa, miliyoyin Musulmai a Najeriya na ci gaba da bin koyarwarsa, sannan ƙungiyoyin da ya jagoranci kafawa ne a gaba-gaba wajen yaɗawa da kuma tafiyar da al'amuran Musulunci a ƙasar. Baya ga Shehu Usman Danfodiyo, wanda ya yi jihadin sake ɗabbaƙa addinin Musulunci a ƙasar Hausa a farkon shekarun 1800, ana ganin cewa babu wani malami da koyarsa ta Musulunci ta yi tasiri a Najeriya kamar Abubakar Gumi. Wasu masana addini ma na ganin tasirin da Gumi ya yi "ta fi" ta Usman Danfodio, kasancewar a lokacinsa akwai hanyoyin sadarwa irin su talabijin da rediyo da hanyar wallafa litattafai da jaridu, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen yaɗa ayyukansa a ƙasar Hausa da maƙwafta. <ref>Bbc</ref> == Kawo sauyi == Tun kafin yunƙurin samar da ƙungiyoyin sake ilimantar da Musulman Najeriya kan ibada, Abubakar Gumi ya kasance mutum mai neman kawo sauyi, lamarin da ya sa ya yi ƙaurin suna tsakanin malamai da sarakuna har ma da turawan mulkin mallaka. A cikin littafinsa na Manufata, Gumi ya tuno yadda ya ƙalubalanci malaman addinin Musulunci waɗanda suke yin addini "yadda suka ga dama". Gumi ya ce "Sufanci ya zamo jiki a tsakanin al'umma ta yadda babu wanda ya damu ya binciki ko ya yi daidai da koyawar al-Ƙur'ani da hadisan annabi Muhammad". Irin wannan yunƙuri nasa ya fara jan hankali ne a lokacin da yake koyarwa a wata makaranta da ke Maru a shekarar 1949. A lokacin ya fahimci yadda malaman addini da kuma sauran al'umma ke cakuɗa ibada da al'adu ko wasu abubuwa na daban. Limamin Juma'a na Maru a wancan lokaci ya kasance yana yin taimama domin yin sallah a maimakon alwala da ruwa, duk kuwa da wadatuwar ruwan da kuma rashin wata hujja ta yin taimamar. Bayan yunƙurin da ya yi na faɗakar da limamin game da 'haramcin' hakan, amma abin ya ci tura, Gumi ya hana ɗalibansa halartar sallar Juma'a a babban masallacin Maru, inda ya riƙa jan su sallah a cikin makaranta. A matsayin martani, sarkin Maru ya rubuta takardar ƙorafi kan Abubakar Gumi zuwa ga fadar sarkin Musulmi da kuma hukumomi turawan mulkin mallaka. Sai dai a ƙarshe Abubakar Gumi ne ya yi nasara ta hanyar gabatar da hujjoji masu ƙarfi da suka tabbatar da koyarwarsa. A game da turawan mulkin mallaka, Gumi ya ce "Idan na tuna ɓarnar da mulkin mallakar Birtaniya ya yi a ƙasarmu, nakan riƙa mamakin yadda mutanenmu suka kwashe tsawon shekaru ba tare da sun fahimci hakan ba. "Hatta a tsakanin masu iliminmu, ƙalilan ne suke tsayawa su fahimci yadda mulkin mallaka ya illa ga tunaninmu".<ref>bbc</ref> == Littafin da ya yamutsa hazo == Littafin da Abubakar Gumi ya rubuta a shekara ta 1972 mai taken 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha bi-Muwafaqat al-Shar'i' ya haifar da zazzafar muhawara tsakanin Musulman arewacin Najeriya sanadiyyar kakkausar sukar da littafin ya yi kan wasu ayyuka na masu bin akidar sufanci. A wannan lokaci kusan ɗaukacin Musulman Najeriya na bin tsari ne na ɗariƙa, wadda ta samo asali daga koyarwa irin ta sufanci. Da farko Abubakar Gumi ya ce ya rubuta littafin ne domin amfanin masu ilimi, kasancewar koyarwar littafin zai yi tsaurin fahimta ga mabiya, waɗanda iliminsu bai yi nisa ba. Sai dai a lokacin da ya tafi Saudiyya, sai Mallam Isma'ila Idris ya ɗauki littafin ya yi wa'azi da shi a birnin Kaduna, wani abu da ya haifar da ruɗani, abin da ya kai ga dole sai da ya ajiye aikinsa na gwamnati a matsayin malami. Bayan ajiye aiki, Mallam Idris ya shiga aikin soja, inda ya yi aiki a garuruwa da dama na Najeriya, kafin mayar da shi garin Jos, kuma duk inda ya je ya riƙa koyar da karatu ta hanyar amfani da littafin Sheikh Gumi na 'Al-Aqida al-Sahiha'. Wannan ne ya haifar da ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar Izalatil Bidi'a wa iƙamatussunnah a birnin Jos. Da'awar Gumi na kira ga Musulmi su yi aiki da karantarwar al-Ƙur'ani da kuma Hadisan Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) kawai, wani abu da ake ganin ya kawo gagarumin sauyi a yadda ake tafiyar da ibada a Najeriya da wasu ƙasashen da ke maƙwaftaka a lokacin.<ref>bbc</ref> == Wane ne Abubakar Gumi? == An haifi Abubakar Mahmud Gumi ne ranar Juma'a 7 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1924, wadda ita ce Juma'a ta ƙarshe ta watan Ramadan na shekara ta 1344 bayan hijira, kamar yadda malamin ya bayyana a cikin litattafinsa. Shahararren malamin addinin Musulunci ne kuma masanin shari'a, wanda ya kai har matsayin Alkalin Alkalai (Grand kadi) na arewacin Najeriya. Ya fara samun ilimi ne a wajen mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi. Sunan mahaifinsa Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, wanda ake kiransa da Na-Gumi, saboda zaman da ya yi a garin Gumi bayan zama a wurare daban-daban na ƙasar Hausa, kamar Katsina, Borno da Dutse. Mahaifin Abubakar Gumi ya kasance babban malamin addinin Musulunci da shari'a, kuma ɗaya daga cikin malamai da aka fi girmamawa a yankin Sokoto da Zamfara da kuma Kebbi a zamaninsa. Kakan mahaifin Abubakar Gumi shi ne Sheikh Aliyu Barou el-Badawi, wanda ya fito daga ƙabilar Larabawa ta Bedouin, waɗanda aka sani da kiwo a yankin Larabawa da arewacin nahiyar Afirka. Babu cikakken bayani kan yadda ya isa yankin Sokoto, amma dai ana ganin zuwan sa ba ya rasa nasaba da ziyarar da Larabawa suka riƙa yi zuwa ƙasar Hausa bayan ƙarni na 15, lokacin da Musulunci ya samu karɓuwa a ƙasar Hausa. Sunan mahaifiyar Abubakar Gumi Hafsatu, ɗiyar Malam Adamu, wadda mahaifinsa ya aura lokacin da yake koyarwa a Jega.<ref>bbc</ref> == Karatu == Abubakar Gumi ya fara karatunsa ne a hannun mahaifinsa, Malam Mahmoud Na-Gumi, inda ya haddace al-Ƙur'ani sannan kuma ya yi karatun litattafai da dama. Bayan nan a shekara ta 1933 ya shiga makarantar boko ta Dogon Daji Elementary School, inda daga baya aka mayar da shi makarantar Middle da ke Sokoto a shekara ta 1936. Daga nan ne ya tafi makarantar ilimin shari'a ta Kano. Sannan a shekara ta 1952 ya zurfafa karatu a makarantar koyar da Larabci ta Kano. Daga nan ne kuma ya yi karatun babbar difloma a cibiyar ilimi ta Bakht al-Rida da ke Sudan daga shekarar 1955 zuwa 1956. A shekarar 1987, Gumi ya lashe kyautar Sarki Faisal kan hidima ga addinin Muslunci. Daga cikin abubuwan da suka sa ya cancanci lambar girmamawar su ne wa'azi da kuma koyar da addinin Musulunci, taimakawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Jama'atu Nasril Islam da fassara alƙur'ani zuwa harshen Hausa da kuma rubuta litattafai na addinin Musulunci.<ref>bbc</ref> == Ayyukan ilimi == Abubakar Gumi ya yi gagarumar hidima ta hanyar rubuce-rubuce da kuma fassarar litattafai na addini.<ref>Bbc</ref> Litattafan da ya rubuta waɗanda suka fi yin fice sun haɗa da:<ref>Bbc</ref> * Tafsirin Al-ƙur'ani na '''Rad al-Azhan ila Ma'ani al-Qur`an''' * Al-Aqidah al-Sahiha bi Muwafaqat al-Shari'a * Kitab al-Nasihaila Amir MantiqatKatsina * Manufata / Where I Stand * Hal al-Niza` fi Mas´alatNuzul Isa alaih al-Salatwa al-Salam * Musulunchi da Abinda ke Rushe Shi * Zad al-Haj * Kitab Maratib al-Islam * Kitab Manasik al-hajwa al-Umra '''Fassara:''' * Fassarar ma'anonin al-Ƙur'ani mai girma * Fassarar Hadisai Arba'in (al-Nawawi) * Fassarar littafin Nur al-Bab * Fassarar littafin Hidayat al-Tullab fiAhamMasail al-Din == Rasuwa == Sheikh Abubakar Mahmoud Gumi ya rasu ne a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1992, a birnin Landan na ƙasar Birtaniya. A lokacin da ya rasu, al'umma sun girgiza kasancerwar sa mutumin da ya samu karɓuwa a tsakanin shugabanni da masu sarauta da kuma sauran al'umma. Gumi ya kasance malami, alƙali kuma tsani tsakanin shugabanni da talakawa. Baya ga batun addini, Sheikh Gumi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ɓangaren mulki da kuma ayyukan gwamnati. Ya kasance mai kusanci sosai ga masu mulki, sannan ya riƙa ƙarfafa wa al'ummar arewacin Najeriya, musamman Musulmai gwiwa wajen shiga ayyukan gwamnati da karatun zamani. Tsarin koyarwarsa ya sha bamban, inda ake yaba masa wajen haƙuri tare da ƙoƙarin ganin al'umma sun fahimci abin da yake koyarwa.<ref>bbc</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gumi, Abubakar Mahmud}} m67fvrdgd9ywk08fu4wzpyohd99skrm 0 8774 829759 736881 2026-05-04T23:37:44Z Abdullahi umar kankia 39416 #wiki4agile 829759 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Hon. Aminu Bello Masari (Speaker, House of Representative 2003 - 2007).jpg|thumb|'''Hon. Aminu Bello Masari''']] '''Aminu Bello Masari''' {{Audio|Ha-Aminu Bello Masari.ogg|Aminu Bello Masari}} (an haife shi ranar 29 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta alif dubu ɗaya da ɗari tara da hamsin (1950)).<ref>"Katsina decries call for Gov Masari's resignation". ''The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News''. 22 August 2021. Retrieved 22 February 2022.</ref><ref>"Masari commends NYSC for promoting youth development and empowerment - The Nation Newspaper". ''thenationonlineng.net''. Retrieved 3 March 2022.</ref> == Nasarori == Ya zama gwamnan jihar Katsina sakamakon samun nasara a zaɓen shekarar 2015, haka zalika kuma ya sake lashe zaɓen 2019 a ƙarƙashin jam'iyyar [[All Progressives Congress|APC]] mai mulki. Ya riƙe muƙamin Kwamishinan ayyuka da muhalli da kuma sufuri na Jihar Katsina a tsakanin shekarar 1991 zuwa 1993 a lokacin mulkin Soja . Gabanin zaman sa gwamna ya riƙe muƙamin kakakin [[Majalisar wakilai ta tarayya|Majalisar wakilai ta kasa]]. Shine gwanman jihar katsina har zuwa yau a ƙarƙashin jam'iyyar APC. [[File:Ogd.jpg|thumb|Zargin sheman da samana da fadi da wasu kudade]] [[File:Aminu Bello Masari.jpg|thumb|Gwamna Aminu Bello Masari]] Bayan da aka rantsar dashi a matsayin gwamna ba da daɗewa ba, sai Gwamna Masari ya bayyana cewa tsohon gwamnan da ya gabata watau Barista Ibrahim Shehu Shema ya ci kuɗaɗen da suka kai kimanin miliyan ɗari huɗu. Wannan turka-turka da wasu caje-caje da ke da nasaba da kuɗi su ka sa hukumar [[Economic and Financial Crimes Commission]] watau E.F.C.C ta gurfanar da Gwamna Shema a gaban kotu kan cajin almundahanar kuɗaɗen da suka kai kimanin biliyan goma sha ɗaya (N11 billion). <ref>{{cite web|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201805310560.html|title=Court Adjourns EFCC's Case Against Shema|website=AllAfrica|author=Francis Sardauna|date=31 May 2018|accessdate=23 January 2020}}</ref> Hakazalika gwamnatin Masari ta kori zababbun shugabannin ƙananan hukumomi 34 da aka zaɓa a lokacin gwamnatin PDP. A nata ɓangaren jam'iyyar PDP ta reshen jihar Katsina, ta shigar da ƙarar gwamnatin jihar kan tunɓuke zaɓaɓɓun shugabannin ƙananan hukumomin.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/regional/nwest/282509-lg-transition-committees-katsina-pdp-drags-masari-to-supreme-court.html|title=LG transition committees: Katsina PDP drags Masari to Supreme Court|website=Premium Times|author=Agency Report|date=September 4, 2018|accessdate=23 January 2020}}</ref> [[Fayil:Engr yusuff Hussaini and His Excellency Aminu Bello Masari.jpg|thumb|Aminu Bello Masari]] <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.voahausa.com/a/hotunan-ziyarar-gwaman-jihar-katsina-aminu-bello-masari-a-muryar-amurka/4200133.html|title=Hotunan Ziyarar Gwamnan Jihar Katsina Aminu Bello Masari A Muryar Amurka|website=VOA|accessdate=23 Sat, 2019}}</ref>. On Saturday night was the day Masari to hand over to re-elect Governor,Governor Masari on his farewell talk thank the Katsina entire resident for giving him all the support during his eight year as Governor of the State, the ex-governor also asked for forgiveness for wrong he does during his year in office. '''Masana harkar tsaro a Najeriya na ci gaba da tofa albarkacin bakinsu dangane da kalaman da Gwamnan jihar Katsina, Aminu Bello Masari, ya yi na bukatar al'ummar jihar da ke fama da matsalar tsaro su nemi makamai domin kare kansu.''' Gwamnan jihar Katsina, Aminu Bello Masari ne ya umarci al'ummar jihar da ke fama da matsalar tsaro da su nemi makamai domin kare kansu. Ya bayyana haka ne a wata sanarwa da mataimakinsa na musamman kan harkokin watsa labarai, Abdu Labaran Malumfashi, ya fitar inda gwamnan ya ce tsaro ba aikin gwamnati ba ne kawai - dole ne jama'a su yi hoɓɓasa. Gwamna Aminu Bello Masari ya yi wadannan kalaman ne yayin jajanta wa al'ummar da suka rasa 'yan uwansu a garin Jibia sakamakon take su da wata motar jami'an hana fasa kauri ta yi. Sai dai masana harkar tsaro irin su Manjo Lawal Galma mai ritaya, wani masanin tsaro a Najeriya na ganin hakan gazawa ce. A hirarsa da BBC Hausa ya ce, "duk lokacin da ka ji manya na kiraye-kirayen cewa mutane su ɗauki makamai su kare kansu to gazawa ce. "Idan ka ce a ɗauki makamai to waɗanne irin makamaki kake nufi. Dole idan za ka kare kanka dole makaminka ya fi na masu kawo maka hari ƙarfi." Ya ce sauƙin abin ma idan gwamnatin ce za ta samar da makaman. Kamar misali bai wa ƴan sa kai taimako na irin makaman da za su fatattaki maharan. == Farkon Rayuwa == An haifi Aminu Bello Masari an haifeshi a ranar 29 ga watan Mayu, shekarar alif dubu ɗaya da ɗari tara da hamsin (1950).<ref>https://www.africa-confidential.com/profile/id/4131/Aminu_Masari</ref>. == Siyasa == Aminu Bello Masari yayi matsayin speaker a majalisar dokoki ta ƙasa sannan shine gwamnan jihar Katsina tun 2015.<ref>https://www.africa-confidential.com/profile/id/4131/Aminu_Masari</ref> Aminu Bello Masari ɗaya ne daga cikin fitattun ‘yan siyasar Najeriya, wanda ya rike mukamai masu muhimmanci kamar Kakakin Majalisar Wakilai da kuma Gwamnan Jihar Katsina. Ga cikakken tarihinsa: Haihuwa da Asali An haife shi ranar 29 ga Mayu, 1950 a garin Kafur. Ya fito daga jihar Katsina State, arewacin Najeriya. Karatu da Ilimi Ya fara karatunsa na firamare da sakandare a Katsina. Daga baya ya shiga kwalejin ilimi inda ya samu takardar shaidar koyarwa (Teacher Training). Bai yi karatun jami’a mai zurfi kamar wasu ba, amma ya samu ilimi da gogewa ta hanyar aiki da siyasa. Farkon Rayuwa da Aiki Ya fara aiki a matsayin malami. Daga baya ya shiga harkar kasuwanci da gudanarwa kafin ya shiga siyasa sosai. Shiga Siyasa Ya shiga siyasa a farkon shekarun 1990. A lokacin Jamhuriya ta Uku, ya kasance ɗan majalisa. Kakakin Majalisar Wakilai A shekarar 2003, an zaɓe shi a matsayin ɗan majalisar wakilai. Daga nan aka zaɓe shi ya zama Kakakin Majalisar Wakilai ta Najeriya (Speaker) daga 2003 zuwa 2007. A lokacin mulkinsa, ya taka rawa wajen kafa dokoki da tabbatar da zaman lafiyar majalisa. Gwamnan Jihar Katsina Ya zama Gwamnan Jihar Katsina a ƙarƙashin jam’iyyar All Progressives Congress daga 2015 zuwa 2023. Ya mai da hankali kan: Tsaro (musamman matsalar ‘yan bindiga) Ilimi da kiwon lafiya Raya ababen more rayuwa Bayan Gwamnati Bayan kammala wa’adinsa a 2023, ya ci gaba da kasancewa mai tasiri a siyasar Najeriya. Yana daga cikin manyan jiga-jigan jam’iyyar APC. Rayuwar Iyali Masari mutum ne mai iyali, kuma yana daga cikin manyan dattawan siyasa a arewa. Abubuwan Da Aka San Shi Da Su Ana ganinsa a matsayin mai sauƙin kai da dattako. Yana da kwarewa a harkokin majalisa da shugabanci. Idan kana so, zan iya ƙara maka bayani kan nasarorinsa, suka da kalubalen da ya fuskanta a mulkinsa ko kuma kwatanta shi da wasu gwamnoni. == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{Stub}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Masari, Aminu Bello}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Gwamnonin jihar Katsina]] [[Category:Hausawa]] [[Category:Sojojin Najeriya]] [[Category: Gwamnonin Najeriya]] [[Category:'Yan Katsina]] [[Category:'Yan Najeriya Musulmai]] [[Category:Musulmai]] {{Template:Gwamnonin Jihar Katsina}} [[Category:Mutane daga jihar katsina]] [[Category:Yan siyasa]] [[Category:Maza]] 8q3gv0ypn50ds5myb3v4urha4rl6iu3 0 9121 829784 798237 2026-05-05T02:30:59Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829784 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Saturn's rings in visible light and radio.jpg|thumb|Saturn's ]] '''Shani''' ( Sanskrit </link> , IAST ), ko '''Shanaishchara''' ( Sanskrit </link> , IAST ), shine allahntakar duniya Saturn a addinin Hindu, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Planet Saturn (Shani) in Astrology |url=https://www.rudraksha-center.com/pages/planet-saturn-shani |access-date=2021-01-14 |website=www.rudraksha-center.com}}</ref> kuma yana daya daga cikin abubuwa tara na sama ( Navagraha ) a cikin ilimin taurarin Hindu . Shani kuma wani allahntakar Hindu namiji ne a cikin Puranas, wanda hoton hotonsa ya kunshi siffa mai launin duhu mai dauke da takobi ko danda (sanda) kuma yana zaune a kan bako ko wasu lokuta akan hankaka . <ref name="Dalal2010p373" /> Shi ne allahn [[Karma|''karma'']] '','' adalci, da azaba, kuma yana ba da sakamako dangane da tunani, magana, da ayyukan mutum. Shani shine mai kula da tsawon rai, kunci, bakin ciki, tsufa, tarbiyya, takurawa, alhaki, jinkiri, buri, jagoranci, mulki, tawali'u, mutunci, hikimar da aka haifa ta hanyar kwarewa. Hakanan yana nuna ruhin ruhi, tuba, horo, da aiki na hankali. Yana da alaka da masu hadin gwiwa guda biyu: Neela, wanda ke nuna gemstone sapphire, da Manda, gimbiya gandharva . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Why Was Shani Dev Cursed By His Wife? |url=https://in.style.yahoo.com/why-shani-dev-cursed-wife-074832628.html |access-date=2021-01-14 |website=in.style.yahoo.com |language=en-IN |archive-date=2023-03-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230308160957/https://in.search.yahoo.com/?fr2=inr |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Duniya == ''Shani'' a matsayin duniya ya bayyana a cikin litattafan ilmin taurari na Hindu daban-daban a cikin [[Sanskrit]], irin su ''Aryabhatiya'' na karni na 5 na [[Aryabhata|Aryabhatta]], ''Romaka'' na karni na 6 na Latadeva da ''Pancha Siddhantika'' na Varahamihira, karni na 7 na ''Khandakhadyaka'' na Brahmagurysyavrd na ''Brahmagurysyavard'' Lalla. <ref name="Burgess1989vii">{{Cite book|edition=P}}</ref> Wadannan matani suna gabatar da Shani a matsayin daya daga cikin taurari kuma suna kimanta halayen motsin duniyar. <ref name="Burgess1989vii" /> Wasu nassosi irin su Surya Siddhanta (wanda aka rubuta a wani lokaci tsakanin karni na 5 zuwa na 10) suna gabatar da surori a kan taurari daban-daban a matsayin ilimin Allah da ke da alaka da alloli. <ref name="Burgess1989vii" /> Rubutun wadannan matani sun kasance cikin sassa daban-daban, suna nuna cewa an bude ayoyin kuma an sake bitar su cikin lokaci. Sigarorin sun yi rashin jituwa a ma'auninsu na juyin juya halin Shani, apogee, keken keke, nodal longitudes, karkata orbital, da sauran sigogi. <ref>{{Cite book|edition=P}}</ref> Misali, duka ''Khandakhadyaka'' da ''Surya Siddhanta'' na Varaha sun bayyana cewa Shani ya kammala juyin juya hali 146,564 a kan kansa a duk shekara 4,320,000 na duniya, Epicycle of Apsis a matsayin digiri 60, kuma yana da apogee (aphelia) na digiri 240 a 499 CE; yayin da wani rubutun ''Soorya Siddhantha'' ya sake fasalin juyin juya halin zuwa 146,568, apogee zuwa digiri 236 da dakika 37 da Epicycle zuwa kusan digiri 49. <ref>{{Cite book|edition=P}}</ref> Malaman Hindu na 1st-millennium-CE sun kididdige lokacin da aka dauka don juyin juya hali na kowane duniya ciki har da Shani, daga nazarin ilimin taurari, tare da sakamako daban-daban: <ref name="Burgess198926">{{Cite book|edition=P}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="margin:auto; background:none;" |+Rubutun Sanskrit: Kwanaki nawa ne ake ɗauka don Shani (Saturn) ya kammala kewayarsa? | width="200" | Source | width="340" | Kiyasin lokacin juyin juya halin gefe <ref name="Burgess198926"/> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Williams |first=Matt |date=2017-04-17 |title=The Orbit of Saturn. How Long is a Year on Saturn? |url=https://www.universetoday.com/44172/how-long-does-it-take-saturn-to-orbit-the-sun/ |access-date=2021-01-14 |website=Universe Today |language=en-US}}</ref> |- style="text-align: center;" | style="background: #ffad66;" width="200" | Surya Siddanta | width="340" | Kwanaki 10,765, awanni 18, mintuna 33, dakika 13.6 |- style="text-align: center;" | style="background: #ffad66;" width="200" | Siddanta Shiromani | width="340" | Kwanaki 10,765, awanni 19, mintuna 33, dakika 56.5 |- style="text-align: center;" | width="200" | Ptolemy | width="340" | Kwanaki 10,758, awanni 17, mintuna 48, dakika 14.9 |- style="text-align: center;" | width="200" | Kididdigar karni na 20 | width="340" | Kwanaki 10,759, awanni 5, mintuna 16, dakika 32.2 |} == Hoton hoto == [[Fayil:Shani_Deva.jpg|thumb| Shani by Raja Ravi Varma]] [[Fayil:Shani_Deva_roadside_shrine_between_Dharamsala_and_Chandigarh._2010.jpg|thumb| Shani wayside shrine tsakanin Dharamsala da Chandigarh, 2010]] An nuna Shani sanye da riguna masu launin shudi ko bakar fata, mai launin duhu kuma yana hawan ungulu ko kuma a kan karusar karfe da dawakai takwas suka zana. Yana rike da baka, da kibiya, da gatari da ma'auni. Ana wakilta shi bisa babban hankaka ko ungulu da ke bin sa duk inda ya je. Wasu rubuce-rubucen Hindu kuma sun nuna shi yana hawan wasu dabbobi kamar doki, maciji ko bauna, yayin da rubutun addinin Buddha daga Arewa maso Gabashin Indiya da Nepal ke wakiltar sa a kan kunkuru. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gail |first=Adalbert |date=1980 |title=Planets and Pseudoplanets in Indian Literature and Art with Special Reference to Nepal |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/29756562 |journal=East and West |volume=30 |issue=1/4 |pages=145 |issn=0012-8376 |jstor=29756562}}</ref> An yi imanin Shani ya zama jiki na [[Krishna]], bisa ikon Brahma Vaivarta Purana inda Krishna ya ce shi "Shani a cikin taurari". Ana kuma kiransa ''Saneeswar,'' ma'ana "Ubangijin Saturn", kuma an sanya shi aikin ba da 'ya'yan itacen ayyukan mutum, don haka ya zama mafi tsoron alloli na taurarin Hindu. Shi ne mafi yawan rashin fahimta a cikin Hindu Pantheon kamar yadda aka ce yana haifar da hargitsi a rayuwar mutum, kuma an san ya fi sauki idan ana bauta. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Shani Dev – Know Everything About him |url=https://www.mantraquest.com/shani-dev.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414040941/https://www.mantraquest.com/shani-dev.html |archive-date=14 April 2021 |access-date=2021-03-09 |website=MantraQuest.com}}</ref> Shani shine tushen sunan ranar Asabar a yawancin sauran yarukan Indiya. A cikin [[Harshen Hindu|Hindi]] na zamani, [[Odia]], [[Talgu|Telugu]], Bengali, [[Marati|Marathi]], [[Urdu]], [[Kannada]] da [[Gujarati]], ana kiran Asabar ''Shanivaar'' ; Tamil : ''Sani kizhamai'' ; [[Malayalam]] : ''Shaniyazhcha'' ; Thai : ''Wạn s̄eār̒'' (วันเสาร์). == Kalanda == ''Shani'' shine tushen ''Shanivara'' - daya daga cikin kwanaki bakwai da ke yin mako guda a kalandar Hindu. Wannan rana ta yi daidai da Asabar - bayan Saturn - a cikin taron Greco-Roman don sanya sunayen kwanakin mako. Ana daukar ''Shani'' a matsayin mafi girman duniya na mazan jiya wanda ke kawo hani da musibu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Benefic And Malefic Planets For Each Ascendant |url=http://shrivinayakaastrology.com/Planets/beneficandmaleficplanets.html |access-date=2021-01-14 |website=shrivinayakaastrology.com}}</ref> Shani wani bangare ne na Navagraha a cikin tsarin zodiac na Hindu. Ana la'akari da shi malefic, yana da alaka da asceticism na ruhaniya, tuba, horo da aiki na hankali. Matsayi da mahimmancin Navagraha ya habaka tsawon lokaci tare da tasiri daban-daban. Kayyadaddun jikin taurari da muhimmancin su na taurari ya faru ne a farkon lokacin Vedic kuma an rubuta shi a cikin Vedas . Aikin farko na falaki da aka rubuta a Indiya shine Vedanga Jyotisha wanda aka fara harhada shi a karni na 14 KZ. Yana yiwuwa ya dogara ne akan ayyuka daga wayewar Indus Valley da kuma tasirin kasashen waje daban-daban. Navagraha ya habaka daga farkon ayyukan astrology na tsawon lokaci. An ambaci Saturn da taurari daban-daban a cikin Atharvaveda a kusan 1000 KZ. An ci gaba da Navagraha ta karin taimako daga [[Yammacin Asiya]], gami da tasirin Zoroastrian da Hellenistic . Yavanajataka, ko 'Kimiyyar Yavanas ', Indo-Girkanci ne ya rubuta mai suna " Yavanesvara " ("Ubangijin Helenawa") a karkashin mulkin Sarkin Kshatrapa na Yamma Rudrakarman I. Yavanajataka da aka rubuta a cikin 120 AZ galibi ana danganta shi da daidaita ilimin taurarin Indiya. Navagraha zai kara habaka kuma ya kare a zamanin Shaka tare da mutanen Saka ko Scythian. Bugu da kari, gudunmawar mutanen Saka za su zama tushen kalandar kasa ta Indiya, wanda kuma ake kira Kalanda Saka. Kalandar Hindu kalandar Lunisolar ce wacce ke yin rikodin zagayowar wata da na rana. Kamar Navagraha, an habaka shi tare da gudummawar gudummawar ayyuka daban-daban. Planet ''Shani'' yana mulki akan duka alamun zodiac, Capricorn da Aquarius, biyu daga cikin taurari goma sha biyu a cikin tsarin zodiac na taurarin Hindu. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Backlund |first=Roya |date=4 November 2020 |title=Every Zodiac Sign Has A Ruling Planet & This Is Yours |url=https://www.elitedaily.com/p/every-zodiac-sign-has-a-ruling-planet-this-is-yours-9049398 |access-date=2021-01-14 |website=Elite Daily |language=en}}</ref> Idan ''Shani'' ya yi sarauta akan alamar zodiac, an ce dole ne mutum ya sanya zobe tare da dutse da aka yi da Blue Sapphire . == Allahntaka == ''Shani'' abin bautãwa ne a cikin matani na zamanin da, wanda ake ganin ba shi da kyau kuma ana jin tsoron isar da bala'i da asara ga wadanda suka cancanci hakan. Hakanan yana da ikon bayar da falala da albarka ga masu cancanta, gwargwadon karmarsu. A cikin wallafe-wallafen Hindu na tsakiya, ana kiransa da dan Surya da Chhaya, ko kuma a cikin 'yan asusun a matsayin dan Balarama da Revati . Madadin sunayensa sun hada da '''Ara '','' Kona''' da '''Kroda''' . <ref name="Dalal2010p373" /> A cewar wasu matani na Hindu, "pipal" ko itacen baure shine wurin zama na Shani (yayin da wasu rubutun ke danganta itace daya da Vasudeva). An kuma yi imani da cewa shi ne babban malami mai ba da ladan ayyuka na qwarai da azabtar da wanda ya bi tafarkin mugu, Adharma da cin amana. Shanidev babban mai bautar Ubangiji Shiva . <ref>https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/religion/festivals/shani-jayanti-2024-date-time-and-all-you-need-to-know/articleshow/110722240.cms</ref> [[Fayil:Bennanje_Sri_Shaneeswara_23_feet_Statue_Udupi.JPG|thumb|240x240px| Hoton Shani a [[Bannanje]], Udupi, [[Karnataka]]]] A cikin 2013, an kafa wani mutum-mutumi na Ubangiji ''Shani'' mai tsayi kafa 20 a Yerdanur a cikin mandal na Sangareddy, gundumar Medak, [[Telangana]], kusan 40.&nbsp;kilomita daga birnin Hyderabad. An zana shi daga monolith kuma nauyinsa ya kai ton tara.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=April 2022}}</link><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2022)">abubuwan da ake bukata</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> == Tafsirin Mantra == An kwatanta mantra na Shani a nan cikin Sanskrit da Ingilishi: <ref>{{Cite web |title=Gāyatri Mantras of Several Gods - Hindupedia, the Hindu Encyclopedia |url=http://www.hindupedia.com/en/G%C4%81yatri_Mantras_of_Several_Gods#.C5.9Aani.C5.9Bwara_G.C4.81yatri |access-date=2021-02-15 |website=www.hindupedia.com}}</ref> Sanskrit: ॐ काकध्वजाय विद्महे खड्ग हस्तार ''Fassara: "Om kākadhvajāya vidmahe khaḍgahastāya dhīmahi tanno mandaḥ pracodayāt.'' ''<nowiki>''</nowiki>'' Fassara: Om, Bari in yi tunani a kan wanda ya yi cara a tutarsa, Ya, wanda ke da takobi a hannunsa, Ka ba ni hankali mafi girma, kuma Saneeswara ya haskaka min hankali. Sanskrit: ॐ नीलांजन समाभासं रविपुत्रं यमाग्रजम् छाया ''Fassara: "Om nīlāñjana samābhāsaṁ raviputraṁ yamāgrajam chāyā mārtāṇḍa saṁbhūtaṁ tvāṁ namāmi śanīśvaram"'' Fassara: Ya Ubangiji, Kai kamar Sapphire mai shudi kake kuma kana sha'awar shudin sapphire, kai dan Ubangiji Suriya ne, kuma Dan'uwan Ubangiji Yama . Kai ne dan Ubangiji Surya da Goddess Chhaya, na sunkuyar da kai Ubangijin Planet Saturn . == Ranar sadaukarwa == A ranar Asabar ne ake ganin ya kamata mutum ya bauta wa Ubangiji Shani don ya nisantar da kansa daga sharri da kuma rage wahalhalun rayuwa kamar yadda yake sa albarka ga wadanda suka sadaukar da kansu da son rai ga talakawa ba tare da neman komai ba. <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 February 2016 |title=Shani Puja {{!}} Blessings of Shani Dev {{!}} Shani Dev Pooja Vidhi |url=https://www.pavitrajyotish.com/shani-puja/ |access-date=2021-02-10 |website=www.pavitrajyotish.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 May 2020 |title=Here's how you can worship Lord Shani to keep your karma in check |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/spiritual/article/here-s-how-you-can-worship-lord-shani-to-keep-your-karma-in-check/589244 |access-date=2021-02-10 |website=www.timesnownews.com |language=en}}</ref> [[Fayil:Shani_dev_statue_at_Naksaal_Bhagwati_Temple.jpg|thumb|230x230px| Hoton Shani a Naksaal Bhagwati Temple]] Shani puja yawanci ana yinsa ne don kiyaye mutum daga illolin Ubangiji Shani. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Method of worship of Lord Shani - Onlinepuja.com |url=https://onlinepuja.com/blog/method-worship-lord-shani |access-date=2021-02-10 |website=onlinepuja.com}}</ref> == Shani temples a fadin Indiya ==   {{See also|List of Natchathara temples|List of Hindu temples}} [[Fayil:Shingnapur.jpg|thumb| Vigraha na Shani Dev a Shingnapur Shani Temple]] [[Fayil:A_Shani_temple_in_Jammu.jpg|thumb|180x180px| Shigar haikalin Shani a Jammu]] Ana samun temples na Shani a cikin mafi yawan yankuna na Indiya, kamar [[Maharashtra]], [[Madhya Pradesh]], [[Haryana]], [[Puducherry (yanki)|Puducherry/Pondicherry]], [[Tamil Nadu]], [[Karnataka]], [[Bengal ta Yamma|West Bengal]] da [[Andhra Pradesh]] . Shani Shingnapur Dham musamman sanannen wuri ne mai tsarki mai alaka da Shani. Shani Shinganapur ko Shingnapur kauye ne a jihar Maharashtra ta Indiya. Ana zaune a Nevasa taluka a gundumar Ahmednagar, kauyen sanannen sanannen haikalinsa na Shani. Shingnapur yana da shekaru 35&nbsp;km daga Ahmednagar . Fiye da haikalin Shani sune zane-zane masu alaka da allahntaka, wadanda ake samu a cikin kowane nau'in haikalin al'adu daban-daban a cikin addinin Hindu, galibi suna da alaka da Shaivism . Shaharar yin addu'a ga Shani, musamman a ranar Asabar, ya karu sannu a hankali tsawon shekaru. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 February 2016 |title=10 Most Important Shrines and Temples Of God Shanidev |url=http://www.walkthroughindia.com/hindu-temple/10-most-important-shrines-and-temples-of-god-shanidev/ |access-date=2021-03-18 |language=en-US |archive-date=2021-03-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301004628/http://www.walkthroughindia.com/hindu-temple/10-most-important-shrines-and-temples-of-god-shanidev/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Duba kuma == * Rigvedic alloli ** Nakshatra ** Jerin temples na Natchhara ** Aditi ** Surya Namaskar * Kakabhushundi * Jerin gumakan Hindu * Jerin temples na Hindu * Jerin wuraren aikin hajji == Bayanan kula == {{Reflist}} == Kara karantawa == * {{Cite journal |last=Pingree |first=David |author-link=David Pingree |year=1973 |title=The Mesopotamian Origin of Early Indian Mathematical Astronomy |journal=Journal for the History of Astronomy |publisher=SAGE |volume=4 |issue=1 |pages=1–12 |bibcode=1973JHA.....4....1P |doi=10.1177/002182867300400102 |s2cid=125228353}} *   *   == Hanyoyin hadi na waje == {{Commonscat}} * [http://adsbit.harvard.edu//full/1999JRASC..93..122F/0000123.000.html Sunayen Astronomical na Ranakun Mako]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, M Falk (1999) * [http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/onlineex/apac/other/019wdz000001063u00047000.html The God Shani ko Planet Saturn] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180918061159/http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/onlineex/apac/other/019wdz000001063u00047000.html |date=2018-09-18 }} Archived </link> , Iconongraphy a kan wani shafi a Madurai Meenakshi Temple, Library na Biritaniya * Shani Chalisa [https://lyricsbean.com/shani-chalisa-lyrics-pdf/ A cikin Hindi Tare da Fayil din PDF na Turanci] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210425050135/https://lyricsbean.com/shani-chalisa-lyrics-pdf/ |date=2021-04-25 }} Archived </link> * [https://dharmiik.com/shani-mantra-in-hindi/ Shani Mantra] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230823072617/https://dharmiik.com/shani-mantra-in-hindi/ |date=2023-08-23 }} {{Navagraha}}{{Hindu astrology}}{{HinduMythology}}{{Authority control}} [[Rukuni:Hoto]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 40fp92ld8si3sgssojqyi4jmldkn1g2 0 13441 829614 355209 2026-05-04T14:33:31Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829614 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ruqayyah Ahmed Rufa'i''' (An haife ta a shekara ta 1958) an naɗa ta a matsayin Ministar Ilimi ta [[Nijeriya|Najeriya]] a ranar 6 ga Afrilun 2010, lokacin da mukaddashin shugaban kasa [[Goodluck Jonathan|Goodluck Jonathan ya]] sanar da sabuwar majalisar ministocinsa.<ref name=tday0407>{{cite web |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201004080526.html |title=Ministers - the Profiles (ii) |date=8 April 2010 |work=ThisDay |accessdate=2010-04-14}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Wahab |first1=Bayo |title=5 women who have made their marks in education |url=https://www.pulse.ng/communities/student/international-womens-day-5-women-who-have-made-their-marks-in-education/rsw5836 |website=Pulse NG |access-date=2020-04-04 |archive-date=2022-07-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220701120441/https://www.pulse.ng/communities/student/international-womens-day-5-women-who-have-made-their-marks-in-education/rsw5836 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Farkon rayuwa da ilimi== Ruqayyah an haife ta ne a garin [[Ringim]] a [[Jigawa|jihar Jigawa]], Ta sami digirin digirgir ne a fannin tarihi daga jami'ar [[Jami'ar Bayero|Bayero]], [[Kano#Tarihin Kano|Kano]] a 1981, MA ce a tarihi daga wannan jami'a a 1987 da PhD a Ilimi daga Jami'ar West Virginia, Amurka, a 1991 . Ta kasance Kwamishiniyar Lafiya a karkashin mulkin soja na Janar [[Sani Abacha]] tsakanin 1993 zuwa 1996. An bunkasa ta a matsayin farfesa a 2003, kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin Kwamishiniyar Ilimi, Kimiyya da Fasaha a [[Jigawa|jihar Jigawa]] . Ta ce a koyaushe tana jin kunyar idan ta fuskanci kalubale na karancin rajistar ‘ya mace a Jihar Jigawa,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.peoplesdaily-online.com/index.php/news/education/55-education/7483-im-ashamed-jigawa-cant-enroll-enough-girls-in-schools-says-commissioner |work=Peoples's Daily |title=I’m ashamed, Jigawa can’t enroll enough girls in schools, says commissioner |author=Ahmed Abubakar |accessdate=2010-04-13 |archive-date=2016-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304192741/http://www.peoplesdaily-online.com/index.php/news/education/55-education/7483-im-ashamed-jigawa-cant-enroll-enough-girls-in-schools-says-commissioner |url-status=dead }}</ref> kuma da wahala ta bayyana dalilin da ya sa jihar ba za ta iya samun karin girlsan mata a makarantun ba.Ta dakatar da amfani da wayoyin hannu a makarantun sakandare saboda tasirin rikicewar su.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.peoplesdaily-online.com/index.php/component/content/article/16-national-news/5089-jigawa-restricts-students-on-use-of-gsm-phones- |title=Jigawa restricts students on use of GSM phones |work=Peoples's Daily |author=Ahmed Abubakar |accessdate=2010-04-13 |archive-date=2016-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304191108/http://www.peoplesdaily-online.com/index.php/component/content/article/16-national-news/5089-jigawa-restricts-students-on-use-of-gsm-phones- |url-status=dead }}</ref>. == Barin Ofishin Minista == A cikin matsalar siyasa na cikin jam’iyya mai mulki ta People Democratic Party (PDP) inda gwamnoni bakwai, wadanda suka hada da [[Sule Lamido]] na jihar Jigawa,da kuma dattijai da mambobin majalisar wakilai suka rabu zuwa sabuwar PDP,shugaban kasa Goodluck Ebele Jonathan ya sauke minista 9 na mukamansu. . Farfesa Ruqayyat na ɗaya daga cikin ministocin da abin ya shafa.<ref>Jonathan sacks 9 ministers http://www.africanspotlight.com/2013/09/11/jonathan-sacks-9-ministers/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202051327/http://africanspotlight.com/2013/09/11/jonathan-sacks-9-ministers/ |date=2017-02-02 }}</ref>. == Bibliography == *{{cite book |publisher=Triumph Publishing |author=Ruqayyah Ahmed Rufa'i |year=1995 |title=Gidan Rumfa: The Kano palace |ISBN=978-188-036-8}} * Ruqayyah Ahmed Rufa'i (1995). Gidan Rumfa: Fadar sarkin Kano . Bugawa Na Bugawa. ISBN   <bdi> Ruqayyah Ahmed Rufa'i (1995). </bdi> Ruqayyah Ahmed Rufa'i (1995). == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} e8md82wlxslwzvex4qv5591anzh31uy 0 14663 829612 422557 2026-05-04T14:19:36Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829612 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:2009 police truck Lagos Nigeria 4185115952.jpg|thumb|tankar ƴan sandar Najeriya]] [[File:2014 12 05 Nigeria FPU Medal Ceremony-16 (15764573250).jpg|thumb|ƴan sandan Najeriya a wani taro]] [[File:2016 01 06 Nigerian Police Contingent-7 (24211786875).jpg|thumb|ƴan sandan Najeriya ]] [[File:2014 01 06 Nigeria Formed Police Unit Police Replacement and Rotation 24 (11798525496).jpg|thumb|Rundunar ƴan sandan Najeriya tayi shirin ko ta kwana]] [[File:2015 04 27 AU UN Police Commissioners -11 (17090967577).jpg|thumb|ƴan sandan Najeriya da haɗin gwiwa ƴan sandan wasu ƙasashe]] [[File:2014 01 06 Nigeria Formed Police Unit Police Replacement and Rotation 14 (11798245774).jpg|thumb|ƴan sandan Najeriya nakan atisaye]] [[File:2014 01 06 Nigeria Formed Police Unit Police Replacement and Rotation 25 (11797754495).jpg|thumb|ƴan sandan Najeriya kan aiki]] [[File:Queen Elizabeth awarded Olufunwa a CPM (Colonial Police Medal) for meritorious service..JPG|thumb|sarauniyar engila ta ba wani ɗan sandan Najeriya lambar girma]] [[File:2014 01 06 Nigeria Formed Police Unit Police Replacement and Rotation 12 (11798584036).jpg|thumb|ƴan sandan Najeriya mata]] [[File:2012 10 27 AMISOM FOOT PATROL B (8134877172).jpg|thumb|ƴan sandan Najeriya]] '''Rundunar Ƴan Sandan Nijeriya''' Ita ce babbar hukumar da ke jagorantar jami’an tsaro a Nijeriya tare da kimanin ma’aikata kusan 371,800. A yanzu haka akwai shirye-shiryen ƙara rundunar zuwa 650,000, tare da ƙara sabbin mayaka 280,000 zuwa 370,000 na yanzu. NPF kungiya ce mai girman gaske wacce ta kunshi daukacin jihohi 36 wadanda aka hada su zuwa shiyyoyi 12 da gabobin gudanarwa 7. IGP Alkali Usman Baba ne ke jagorantar hukumar a halin yanzu.[https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/tori-56658976]. An bude police academy a wudil dake jahar kano nijeriya don Inganta tsaro a Nijeriya kaba daya. == Tarihin Rundunar Ƴan Sandan Najeriya == An kafa rundunar ƴan sanda ta Najeriya a shekarar 1820.   A cikin shekarar 1879, aka kafa wata kungiya mai dauke da makamai 1,200. A shekarar 1896 an kafa 'yan sanda na Legas. An kafa makamancin wannan rundunar, mai suna Niger Coast Constabulary, wanda aka kafa a [[Kalaba|Kalabar]] a shekarar 1894 a karkashin sabon sanarwar da aka bayar na kare yankin na tekun Niger . A arewa, Kamfanin Royal Niger Company ya kafa Royal Niger Company Constabulary a cikin shekarar 1888 tare da hedkwata a Lokoja. Lokacin da aka ayyana masu kare Arewacin da Kudancin Najeriya a farkon shekarun 1900, wani ɓangare na Royal Niger Company Constabulary ya zama ƴan sandan Arewacin Najeriya, kuma wani ɓangare na ƙungiyar Neja ta Kudu ta zama ƴan sandan Kudancin Najeriya. A lokacin mulkin mallaka, yawancin 'yan sanda suna da alaƙa da ƙananan hukumomi (ƙananan hukumomi). A cikin shekarun 1960, a karkashin Jamhuriya ta Farko, waɗannan rundunonin an fara sanya su a yanki sannan kuma suka zama ƙasashe. NPF ta yi aikin 'yan sanda na al'ada kuma tana da alhakin tsaron cikin gida gaba ɗaya; don tallafawa gidan yarin, shige da fice, da kuma ayyukan kwastan; da kuma yin aikin soja a ciki ko wajen Najeriya kamar yadda aka umurta. An sanar da shirye-shirye a tsakiyar shekarar 1980 don fadada rundunar zuwa 200,000. Zuwa shekara ta 1983, bisa ga kasafin kuɗin tarayya, karfin NPF ya kusan 152,000, amma wasu kafofin sun kiyasta tsakanin 20,000 zuwa 80,000. Ba da rahoto, akwai fiye da ofisoshin 'yan sanda 1,300 a duk faɗin ƙasar. Jami'an 'yan sanda galibi ba su da makamai amma ana ba su makamai lokacin da ake buƙata don takamaiman manufa ko yanayi. Sau da yawa ana tura su ko'ina cikin ƙasar, amma a cikin shekarar 1989 shugaban ƙasa a lokacin Babangida ya ba da sanarwar cewa za a tura manyan jami’ai zuwa yan kunansu don sauƙaƙa dangantakar ‘yan sanda da jama’ar gari. == Hukunci == Tsarin mulkin shekarar 1999 ya ayyana ‘Yan Sandan Nijeriya (NP) a matsayin‘ yan sanda na kasa na Najeriya tare da cikakken iko a duk fadin kasar. Akwai kuma tanadin kundin tsarin mulki, duk da haka, don kafa rassan NPF daban "wadanda suka zama wani bangare na rundunar sojan Tarayya ko kuma kariya daga tashar jiragen ruwa, hanyoyin ruwa, hanyoyin jirgin kasa da filayen jiragen sama." Suchaya daga cikin irin wannan reshen, 'Yan sanda na Tsaro na Tsaro, an ba da rahoto ta hanyoyi daban-daban don samun ƙarfi a cikin shekarar 1990 daga tsakanin 1,500 zuwa 12,000. == Gudanarwa == Rundunar Ƴan Sandan Nijeriya tana kula da tsarin gudanarwa na sassa uku, na shiyya da na jihohi. '''Sassa''' {| class="wikitable" !TitleRanks ! Albashin Watanni ! Hakkin Albashin Shekara |- | Daukar Yan Sanda | N9,019.42 | N108,233 | Ma'aikatar Kudi da Gudanarwa | Kudi da Gudanarwa | Janar mulki da Kudi |- | Matsayi na Policean sanda Matsayi na 03 | N43,293.83 | N519,525.60 | Sashen Ayyuka | Ayyuka | Rigakafin laifi, Umurnin Jama'a, Tsaron Jama'a |- | Constan sanda na Matsayi na Levelan sanda 10 | N51,113.59 | N613,363.08 | Ma'aikatar kayan aiki da wadata | Kayan aiki da wadata | Ayyuka da Gudanar da Policeasar 'Yan Sanda |- | Kofur na 'yan sanda akan Mataki na Mataki na 04 (1) | N44,715.53 | N536,586.36 | Sashin binciken Laifuka | Sashin binciken manyan laifuka (FORCID) | Bincike |- | Kofur na 'yan sanda akan Mataki na Mataki na 04 (10) | N51,113.59 | N613,363.08 | Ma'aikatar Horarwa da Raya Kasa | Horarwa | Albarkatun mutane |- | Sajan dan sanda akan Mataki Na 05 (1) | N48,540.88 | N582,490.56 | Ma'aikatar Bincike da Tsare-tsare | Shiryawa, Bincike da Ci Gabanta | Isticsididdiga da Bayanai |- | Sajan dan sanda akan Mataki na Mataki na 05 (10) | N55,973.84 | N671,686.08 | Ma'aikatar Fasahar Sadarwa | Bayani da fasahar sadarwa | Gudanar da sadarwa |} Rundunar Ƴan Sandan Nijeriya tana ƙarƙashin babban aiki da kulawa na Sufeto Janar (IGP) wanda shugaban ƙasa ya nada kuma ke da alhakin kiyaye doka da oda. Mataimakin Sufeto Janar (DIG) ne ya tallafa masa a hedkwata a Legas kuma a kowace jiha daga kwamishinonin ’yan sanda. Tsarin mulki na shekarar 1979 ya tanadar wa Hukumar Kula da 'Yan Sanda wacce ke da alhakin manufofin NPF, tsarawa, gudanarwa, da harkokin kudi (ban da fansho). A watan Fabrairun shekarar 1989, [[Ibrahim Babangida|Babangida ya]] soke Hukumar Kula da Ayyukan Ƴan Sanda kuma ya kafa Hukumar Ƴan sandan Nijeriya a madadin ta, karkashin ikon shugaban kasa kai tsaye. Sabon majalisar ya shugabanci shugaban; shugaban hafsan hafsoshin soja, ministan harkokin cikin gida, da babban sifeton ‘yan sanda mambobi ne. A wani bangare na sake tsarin gwamnati a watan Satumbar shekarar 1990, Alhajji Sumaila Gwarzo, tsohon daraktan SSS, ya zama sabon mukamin karamin minista, harkokin ‘yan sanda. A ƙarshen shekarar 1986, an sake tsara NPF a duk faɗin ƙasar zuwa cikin yankuna yanki bakwai, waɗanda ke maye gurbin tsarin kwamanda daidai da kowane [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jihohin Najeriya]] . Kowace kwamanda tana karkashin wani kwamishina ne na ‘yan sanda kuma an kara raba ta zuwa lardunan‘ yan sanda da rarrabuwa a karkashin jami’an gida. Hedikwatar NPF, wacce kuma ta kasance kwamandan yanki, tana kulawa tare da daidaita sauran umarnin yankin. Daga baya wadannan Area Dokokin aka harhada a karkashin Zone Dokokin kamar haka: Zone 1, cibiyarsa [[Kano#Tarihin Kano|Kano]], tare da Kano, [[Katsina (jiha)|Kastina]], da kuma [[Jigawa]] Dokokin Zone 2, wanda cibiyarsa [[Lagos (jiha)|ke Legas]], tare da [[Lagos (jiha)|Lagos]], kuma [[Ogun]] umurtar Zone 3, cibiyarsa [[Yola]], tare da [[Adamawa]], da [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]] Dokokin Sake fasalin NPF na shekarar 1986 ya kasance sakamakon fitowar jama'a cikin rikici tsakanin 'yan sanda da sojoji. An dakatar da wani Sufeto na wani lokaci saboda gurnani cewa sojoji sun kwace ayyukan ‘yan sanda kuma sun sa‘ yan sanda ba su biyan albashi, sannan an yi fada tsakanin ‘yan sanda da jami’an soja kan ikon sintiri a kan iyaka. Babban hafsan hafsoshin sojojin ya sanar da sake tsarin NPF cikin sabbin kwamandojin yankuna bakwai da kuma shugabanni biyar (binciken laifuka, dabaru, kayayyaki, horo, da ayyuka) a karkashin mataimakin sufeto janar. Kimanin 'yan sanda 2,000 da manyan jami'an' yan sanda 400 ne aka kora daga tsakiyar shekarar 1987, suka bar manyan jami'an 'yan sanda cikin jin haushi. A tsakiyar shekarar 1989 an sake sanar da sake shirya kungiyar ta NPF bayan da AFRC ta amince da rahoton Rear Admiral Murtala Nyako. A cikin shekarar 1989 NPF kuma ta kirkiro Interungiyar Tattalin Arziki a cikin kowace jiha, ban da rukunin 'yan sanda masu motsi, musamman don sa ido kan al'amuran siyasa da kwantar da tarzoma yayin miƙa mulki zuwa mulkin farar hula. Kowane rukuni na tsakanin 'yan sanda 160 zuwa 400 an ba da umarnin ne ta hannun mataimakin mai kula da kulawa kuma an tanadar da motoci, kayan sadarwa, makamai, da kayan sarrafa jama'a, gami da garkuwar sanduna, sanduna, da hayaki mai sa hawaye. Ofishin Bincike da Leken Asiri na Tarayya (FIIB) ya kamata a kafa a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin Directorate na Leken Asiri da Bincike; an kafa shugabanni uku don aiki, gudanarwa, da kuma kayan aiki, kowannensu yana karkashin jagorancin mataimakin sufeto janar. [[File:Nigerian_female_police.jpg|thumb|Wata ‘yar sanda a lokacin bikin Eyo]] An rarraba Daraktan Ayyuka zuwa gida huɗu a ƙarƙashin mataimakin darakta — ayyuka, horo, sadarwa, da ƴan Sandan tafi da gidan ka . Daraktan Gudanarwa ya kasance ne daga sashin gudanarwa wanda ke karkashin jagorancin mataimakin sufeto janar (AIG), da na kasafin kudi da na ma'aikata karkashin kwamishinoni. Daraktan Lissafi yana da raka'a huɗu-siyayya, bitar / jigilar kayayyaki, samarwa, da aiki / kulawa-a ƙarƙashin AIGs. An riƙe tsare-tsaren shiyya. Koyaya, an ba AIGs izinin canja jami'ai har zuwa matsayin babban Sufeta, da kafa rukunin kwamitocin, da tura dakunan tafi-da-gidanka, da kuma inganta jami'ai tsakanin mukamin sajan da sufeto. Manyan Directorates guda uku da ke sama an sake musu suna zuwa sassan === Sashin binciken Laifuka === D Sashen Sashen Binciken Laifuka (CID) shi ne mafi girman sashin binciken manyan laifuka na 'yan sandan Nijeriya NPF. Sashin yana karkashin jagorancin Mataimakin Sufeto-Janar (DIG). Ayyukanta na farko sun haɗa da bincike da gurfanar da manyan laifuka masu rikitarwa a ciki da wajen ƙasar. Sashen kuma yana tsara binciken aikata laifuka a duk cikin NPF. CID din ya kasu kashi-kashi, tare da akasarin su Kwamishinonin ‘yan sanda (CPs) ke jagoranta. Sassan sune: * i Gudanarwa * ii. Sashin Yaki da Yaudara * iii. Babban rajista na Laifuka (CCR) * iv. Adungiyar Anti-fashi da -asa ta Musamman (SARS). Kungiyar matsa lamba End SARS ta soki ayyukanta. * v. X-tawagar * vi. Janar Bincike * vii. Ungiyar Musamman na Musamman (SFU) * viii. Sashin doka * ix. Laboratory Science Labour * x. Interpol Liaison * xi. Kisan kai * xii. Sashin Yaki da Mutane * xiii. Ofishin Leken Asirin (FIB) * cikawa. DCI Kaduna Annex * xv. Ungiyar Ta'addancin Ta'addanci (CTU) === Ƴan Sandan tafi da gidan ka === [[File:Mobile_Policeman.jpg|thumb|Ɗan Sandan tafi da gidan ka]] [[File:A_shed.jpg|thumb|Kan shatale-tale inda ƴan sanda suke tsayawa domin bayar da hannu.]] An kafa rundunar 'yan sanda tafi da gidan ka a matsayin yajin aiki ko kuma Anti-tarzoma a karkashin kulawar Sufeto-Janar na' yan sanda don magance rikice-rikicen jama'a. An keɓance shi don karɓar ayyukan babban rikici inda sassan 'yan sanda na al'ada ba za su iya jurewa ba. A yanzu haka akwai Dokokin MOPOL 12, MOPOLs 1 zuwa 12, suna kula da 'yan sanda 52' yan sanda wadanda suka yadu tsakanin Manyan [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jihohi]] 36 da Babban Birnin Tarayya (FCT). == Kulawar 'Yan Sandan Najeriya == Manyan Hukumomin Gwamnati guda uku suna kulawa da kulawa da kulawar Ƴan Sandan Najeriya; ƴan sanda Service Commission, Najeriya' yan sanda Council da kuma ma'aikatar ciki. * '''Hukumar Kula da Yan Sanda (PSC)''' '''PSC''' ita ce ƙungiyar sa ido ta farar hula akan ƴan sanda. Tana da alhakin nadin, ci gaba, da ladabtar da dukkan jami'an ƴan sanda ban da Sufeto Janar na ƴan sanda. Ta hada hannu, aiki tare da aiki tare da duk masu ruwa da tsaki, watau majalisar 'yan sanda tare da [[Shugaban Nijeriya|Shugaban Najeriya]] a matsayin Shugaba, da dukkan gwamnonin Jihohin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Tarayyar Najeriya]], Ministan Cikin Gida da Sufeto-Janar na' yan sanda a matsayin mambobi don juyawa 'yan sanda a kusa da kuma ba ta damar fuskantar ƙalubalen ƙarni na 21. * '''Majalisar ƴan sanda ta Najeriya (NPC)''' * '''Ma'aikatar Cikin Gida''' == Matsayi a cikin Ƴan sandan Najeriya (cikin tsarin ƙasa) == * Sufeto Janar * Mataimakin Sufeto-Janar na ’yan sanda * Mataimakin Sufeto-Janar na ‘yan sanda * Kwamishinan 'yan sanda * Mataimakin Kwamishinan ‘yan sanda * Mataimakin Kwamishinan ‘yan sanda * Babban Sufeton ‘yan sanda * Sufeto Janar na ƴan sanda * Mataimakin Sufeto Janar na 'yan sanda * Mataimakin Sufeto Janar na ‘yan sanda * Sifeto 'yan sanda * Sajan Manjo * Sajan * Kofur * Lance Kofur * Mai tsaro == Kuɗaɗe == Kasafin kudin NPF tsakanin shekarar 1984 shekara ta 1988 ya kasance a cikin N360 miliyan zuwa N380 miliyan, kuma a shekarar 1988 ya karu zuwa N521 miliyan. Babban sanannen shine babban jarin kashe kudi na N206 miliyan a shekarar 1986 da N260.3 miliyan a 1988, wanda ya wakilci 3.5 da kashi 2.5 na jimlar kashe babban kuɗin tarayya a waɗannan shekarun. Anyi amfani da wadannan karin ne domin mallakar sabbin kayan aikin sadarwa, sufuri, da makamai domin yaki da karuwar aikata laifuka, kamar su motocin British British Leyland DAF Comet da aka kawo a shekara ta 1990 Duk da wadannan sayayya, wani binciken NPF a karshen shekara ta 1990 ya kammala cewa kasafin kudin rundunar dole ne ya ninka zuwa biyan bukatunta. == Tsarin albashi == Biyo bayan karin albashin na shekara ta 2010, gwamnatin tarayya karkashin jagorancin Goodluck Jonathan ta fadada kunshin albashi da alawus din ga rundunar sojoji, sojoji masu kama-karya, ‘yan sanda da kungiyoyin leken asiri, wadanda ba a cika biyansu irin wannan albashin a baya ba. Tsawaita karin jumbo ga sauran ma'aikatan gwamnati sabanin manyan ma'aikatan gwamnati, ya harzuka dukkan kudin albashin zuwa N267. Biliyan 4 a shekara ta 2010. Dangane da wannan tsarin albashin da ke ƙasa akwai cikakkun bayanai na albashi a kowane matsayi ko darajar jami'an 'yan sanda na Najeriya. Gwamnatin Tarayyar Najeriya a karkashin jagorancin Shugaba M. Buhari a ranar 26 ga Nuwamba Nuwamba 2018 ta amince da sabon tsarin albashi <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://www.nigerianinfopedia.com/nigerian-police-salary-structure-much-nigerian-police-officer-paid/ |access-date=2020-09-29 |archive-date=2018-08-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180815164411/https://www.nigerianinfopedia.com/nigerian-police-salary-structure-much-nigerian-police-officer-paid/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>https://awajis.com/blog/nigerian-police-salary/</ref> <ref>https://nigerianfinder.com/nigeria-police-salary-scale-structure/</ref>, sai dai har yanzu ba a bayyana bayanan ba saboda haka ba a saka shi ko sabunta shi teburin da ke ƙasa. {| class="wikitable" !S/NO !Ranks !Monthly Salary !Annual Salary |- |1 |Police Recruit |N9,019.42 |N108,233 |- |2a |Police Constable Grade Level 03 |N43,293.83 |N519,525.60 |- |b |Police Constable Grade Level 10 |N51,113.59 |N613,363.08 |- |3a |Police Corporal on Grade Level 04 (1) |N44,715.53 |N536,586.36 |- |b |Police Corporal on Grade Level 04 (10) |N51,113.59 |N613,363.08 |- |4a |Police Sergeant on Grade Level 05 (1) |N48,540.88 |N582,490.56 |- |b |Police Sergeant on Grade Level 05 (10) |N55,973.84 |N671,686.08 |- |5a |Sergeant Major on Grade Level 06 (1) |N55,144.81 |N661,737.72 |- |b |Sergeant Major on Grade Level 06 (10) |N62,204.88 |N746,458.56 |- |6a |Cadet Inspector on Grade Level 07 (1) |N73,231.51 |N878,778.12 |- |b |Cadet Inspector on Grade Level 07 (10) |N87,135.70 |N1,045,628.40 |- |7a |Assistant Superintendent of Police on Grade Level 08 (1) |N127,604.68 |N1,531,256.16 |- |b |Assistant Superintendent of Police on Grade Level 08 (10) |N144,152.07 |N1,729,824.84 |- |8a |Assistant Superintendent of Police on Grade Level 09 (1) |N136,616.06 |N1,639,392.72 |- |b |Assistant Superintendent of Police on Grade Level 09 (10) |N156,318.39 |N1,875,820.68 |- |9a |Deputy Superintendent of Police on Grade Level 10 (1) |N148,733.29 |N1,784,799.48 |- |b |Deputy Superintendent of Police on Grade Level 10 (10) |N170,399.69 |N2,044,796.28 |- |10a |Superintendent of Police on Level 11 (1) |N161,478.29 |N1,937,739.49 |- |b |Superintendent of Police on Grade Level 11 (10) |N187,616 |N2,251,400.28 |- |11a |Chief Superintendent of Police on Grade Level 12 (1) |N172,089.06 |N2,065,068.72 |- |b |Chief Superintendent of Police on Grade Level 12 (08) |N199,723.96 |N2,396,687.52 |- |12a |Assistant Commissioner of Police on Grade Level 13 (1) |N183,185.73 |N2,198,228.76 |- |b |Assistant Commissioner of Police on Grade Level 13 (10) |N212,938.96 |N2,555,257.92 |- |13a |Deputy Commissioner of Police on Grade Level 14 (1) |N242,715.65 |N2,912,587.80 |- |b |Deputy Commissioner of Police on Grade Level 14 (07) |N278,852.79 |N3,346,233.48 |- |14a |Commissioner of Police on Grade Level 15 (1) |N266,777.79 |N3,201,333.48 |- |b |Commissioner for Police on Grade Level 15 (06) |N302,970.47 |N3,635,645.64 |- |15 |Assistant Inspector General of Police |N499,751.87 |N5,997,022.44 |- |16 |Deputy Inspector General of Police |N546,572.73 |N6,558,872.76 |- |17 |Inspector General of Police |N711,498 |N8,537,976 |} == Batutuwa == Kodayake ana ɗauka ɗaukakar aiki ne mai ban sha'awa, amma NPF ta fuskanci matsaloli masu yawa game da daukar ma'aikata, horo, rashin iya aiki, da rashin da'a, kuma ba ta da ƙwarewa a fannoni na musamman. Cin hanci da rashawa da rashin gaskiya sun yadu, suna haifar da ƙaramar amincewa da jama'a, rashin ba da rahoton laifuka, da sha'awar neman taimakon kai da kai. 'Yan sanda sun fi kwarewa a ayyukan tsaro da motsa jiki fiye da ayyukan sabis na al'umma ko rigakafin aikata laifuka, ganowa, da bincike. A lokacin mulkin tsohon shugaban kasa [[Olusegun Obasanjo]], an yi kokarin fadada NPF ta hanyar rage shekarun daukar ma’aikata daga goma sha tara zuwa goma sha bakwai da kuma yin rajistar sojoji, amma abin ya faskara. A tsakiyar shekara ta 1980 Ministan ‘yan sanda na tarayya na wancan lokacin ya yarda cewa‘ yan sanda sun kwato kaso 14 cikin 100 na dala miliyan 900 na kadarorin da aka ruwaito sun sace a cikin watanni shida da suka gabata, kuma kashi 20 cikin 100 ne kawai daga cikin mutane 103,000 da aka kama aka same su da laifi, a rikodin aiki game da irin wanda aka ruwaito a cikin shekarar 1960s. Amfani da tashin hankali da ya wuce kima wajen kawar da rikice-rikicen ɗalibai ya haifar da AFRC a watan Yunin shekara ta 1986 don umartar 'yan sanda da yin amfani da harsasai na roba kawai a cikin tarzomar ɗalibai. Rahotannin hadin gwiwar 'yan sanda da masu aikata laifuka sun zama gama gari, kamar yadda kuma roko a hukumance ga jami'an' yan sanda su canza halayensu game da jama'a, su kasance masu gaskiya da gaskiya, kuma su guji ayyukan cin hanci da rashawa. A kokarin rage cin hanci da rashawa da kuma saukaka masu gano wadanda suka aikata laifin, an hana jami’an ‘yan sanda bugun daga kai-komo da wuraren binciken ababen hawa dauke da fiye da N5 a kan mutumin nasu. A watan Satumbar 2005, Najeriya ta janye jami'an 'yan sanda 120 da ke aiki a ofishin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na Congo saboda zargin da ake musu na aikata lalata. Ana zargin NPF da bin wata manufa ta "Wuta don Wuta" inda yawancin wadanda aka kama suka mutu a hannun ‘yan sanda ko kuma“ a harbe su yayin da suke kokarin tserewa ” Shekaru da yawa na 'yan sanda da cin hanci da rashawa na gwamnati da ci gaba da gazawar horar da jami'an' yan sanda yadda ya kamata ya haifar da wani yanayi inda kisan gilla ya zama karbabben hanyar mu'amala da mutanen da 'yan sanda suka yi imanin masu laifi ne. Wanda aka kashe kwanan nan shi ne Yusuf Mohamed, shugaban kungiyar [[Boko Haram]] a Najeriya, yana raye lokacin da sojoji suka kama shi. HTun kafin tashin hankalin da ya dabaibaye rikicin Boko Haram a arewacin Najeriya, an yi tambayoyi kan yadda jami'an tsaron ke tafiyar da al'amuransu. A yanzu haka gwamnati na kokarin yiwa ‘yan sanda garambawul. Sun samar da farar Takarda mai dauke da shawarwari guda 79 domin inganta rundunar ‘yan sanda, wanda ya kamata majalisar kasa tayi la’akari da shi ya kuma zama Dokar garambawul ga‘ yan sanda. Babban sake fasali kamar: Ana biyan jami'an 'yan sanda kadan kamar $ 40 (£ 26) a wata, wannan ya kamata ya tashi zuwa $ 100 ga' yan sanda na 'yan sanda, A yi ma'amala da kimanin jami'ai 10,000 tare da bayanan aikata laifuka da aka yi hayar su tsakanin shekarar 2001 da shekara ta 2004, Kafa tsarin abin dogaro Jama'a su koka game da 'yan sanda, wadanda suka fi kowa daukar aiki ya kamata su sami wani matakin cancanta kafin a yi la’akari da su, ya kamata a gudanar da aikace-aikacen a bayyane, ‘yan sanda bai kamata su sayi na su ba,‘ yan sanda na cikin matukar bukatar wani aiki sadarwar sadarwar zamani, kuma yakamata a baiwa betteran sanda ingantattun kayan bincike da horo don amfani da su An sanya Thean sandan Najeriya a matsayin cibiyar da ake kallo a matsayin mafi rashawa a Najeriya, bisa ga binciken da aka yi a [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] . A watan Fabrairun shekarar 2019, an bayar da rahoton cewa, jami'an 'yan sandan Nijeriya, na yawan samun karin ku] a] en, ta hanyar kar ~ ar mazauna garin. <ref>https://qz.com/africa/1543811/nigerias-corrupt-police-prompt-a-startup-for-on-call-lawyers/</ref> A ranar 30 ga watan Yulin shekara 2019, an cafke wasu Jami’an ‘Yan Sandan Nijeriya uku daga Jihar Anambra bisa zargin su da karban mutane uku daga cikin su. <ref>https://www.premiumtimesng.com/regional/ssouth-east/343998-three-police-officers-arrested-for-extortion.html</ref> A ranar 10 ga watan Nuwamba, shekara ta 2019, Rundunar ‘Yan Sandan Najeriya ta fitar da sanarwa inda ta bayyana cewa an kama jami’in’ Yan Sintiri na Safer Highways Onuh Makedomu bayan an yi fim dinsa yana karbar cin hanci daga wani mai mota a Legas. <ref>https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/top-news/361954-nigerian-police-arrest-officer-filmed-collecting-bribe.html</ref> A ranar 9 ga watan Maris, shekara ta 2020, an cafke wasu jami’an ‘yan sandan Nijeriya biyu daga Legas, Mataimakin Sufeto Janar na’ yan sanda (ASP) Adebayo Ojo da Sajan Adeleke Mojisola dukkan su a kan zargin karbar wata mata. <ref>https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/04/police-asp-sergeant-arrested-for-extortion/</ref> A ranar 11 ga watan Afrilu, shekarar 2020 an sake kama wani jami’in ‘Yan Sandan Nijeriya daga Legas, Sufeto Taloju Martins, bayan an kama shi a kyamara yana yi wa wani mai mota nasiha. <ref>https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/top-news/387378-lockdown-police-officer-caught-on-camera-extorting-n40000-from-motorist.html</ref> <ref>https://www.channelstv.com/2020/04/12/police-inspector-arrested-for-extortion-in-lagos/</ref> A ranar 3 ga watan Yuni, shekarar 2020, rundunar ‘yan sanda ta jihar Adamawa ta sanar da cewa an cafke wani jami’inta da laifin kisan wani mai babur da ya ki ba shi cin hanci. <ref>https://allafrica.com/stories/202006030573.html</ref> A watan Oktoba shekarar 2018, an cafke wasu ‘yan sanda Boipatong su takwas saboda azabtarwa sannan suka kashe wani dan Najeriya a watan Oktoba na shekarar 2017. <ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5t2a5rGByuQ</ref> A ranar 2 ga watan Agusta shekarar 2019, wasu jami'ai biyu na rundunar 'yan sanda ta Anti-Cultism Squad, Insp. Ogunyemi Olalekan da Sgt. Godwin Orji, an cafke shi tare da tuhumar sa da laifin kisan wani mutum a yayin wani samame a Legas. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.africanews.com/2019/04/02/nigeria-policemen-arrested-for-murder-after-stoppolicekilling-protest// |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2020-09-29 |archive-date=2020-07-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200727211802/https://www.africanews.com/2019/04/02/nigeria-policemen-arrested-for-murder-after-stoppolicekilling-protest// |url-status=dead }}</ref> A ranar 21 ga watan Agustan shekarar 2019, an cafke wasu jami'ai hudu na sanannen rundunar 'yan sanda ta musamman da ke yaki da fashi da makami (SARS) tare da tuhumar aikata kisan kai bayan an kama su a yayin shirya fim sannan kuma suka harbe wasu mutum biyu da ake zargi barayin waya da rana tsaka. <ref name="sarsmurder">https://punchng.com/breaking-police-arrest-officers-who-killed-suspected-igando-phone-thieves/</ref> An harbe mutanen biyu da ake zargi barayin waya ne bayan an kama su. A ranar 5 ga watan Janairun shekarar 2020, an kame wasu jami’an ‘yan sandan Nijeriya uku bayan sun lakada wa fasinjan fasinja duka, wanda shi ma ya zama Alkalin Kotun Kolin Najeriya, Obasi, bayan ya ki bude wayar tasa. <ref>https://www.channelstv.com/2020/01/05/police-arrest-three-officers-for-assaulting-man-in-enugu/</ref> A ranar 3 ga watan Afrilu, shekarar 2020, an cafke wani jami’in ‘yan sanda na Najeriya saboda cin zarafin wani ma’aikacin tashar jirgin ruwa. <ref>https://www.adomonline.com/coronavirus-lockdown-nigerian-police-officer-arrested-for-assaulting-civilian/</ref> A ranar 18 ga watan Afrilu, shekarar 2020, Rundunar ‘Yan Sandan Najeriya ta ce an kame jami’anta biyu bayan an kama su a fim suna dukan wata mata a kasuwar Odo Ori da ke [[Iwo (Nijeriya)|Iwo, Osun]] . <ref>https://www.legit.ng/1322289-lockdown-police-arrest-officers-caught-beating-woman-osun-state.html</ref> A ranar 28 ga watan Afrilu, shekarar 2020, an bayar da rahoton cewa, Rundunar ’Yan sandan Jihar Ribas ta’ Yan Sandan Najeriya ta gurfanar da tsohon Sajan Bitrus Osaiah a kotu saboda harbe matar abokin aikinta, Lavender Elekwachi, har lahira, a yayin wani samame da ta kai kan cinikin tituna da wuraren shakatawa na motoci ba bisa doka ba a makon da ya gabata. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://theportcitynews.com/2020/04/28/breaking-rivers-police-arraign-sergeant-bitrus-osaiah-in-court-for-killing-female-colleague/ |access-date=2020-09-29 |archive-date=2020-07-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200727213750/https://theportcitynews.com/2020/04/28/breaking-rivers-police-arraign-sergeant-bitrus-osaiah-in-court-for-killing-female-colleague/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> A ranar da ta gabata ne aka kori Osaiah a matsayin dan sanda saboda kashe Elekwachi, wanda shi ma ya rike mukamin Sajan. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2020/04/27/police-dismiss-seargent-who-shot-female-colleague-dead-in-rivers/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2020-09-29 |archive-date=2020-04-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200429203220/https://www.thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2020/04/27/police-dismiss-seargent-who-shot-female-colleague-dead-in-rivers/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> An ruwaito cewa da gaske Osaiah ya kame kisan. <ref>https://www.operanewsapp.com/ng/en/main/police-arrests-sergeant-bitrus-osaiah-for-killing-colleague-in-rivers-state?news_id=f3894f4e5fb23ee743bd774b62a5395f&news_entry_id=17cf5e37200424en_ng&open_type=transcoded&request_id=DETAIL_EXPLORE_8926a2e6-88bc-4832-82df-4070c5933c7b&from=news</ref> A ranar 21 ga watan Mayu, shekarar 2020, Yahaha Adeshina, Babban Jami’in ’Yan sanda na Sashen Hausa na Ilemba, an kame shi saboda taimaka wa Kehinde Elijah da Ezeh Joseph a kisan da aka yi wa sajan Onalaja Onajide a ranar 10 ga watan,Mayu, shejarar 2020. <ref name="violentarmy">https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/top-news/393982-police-dpo-arrested-over-sergeants-murder.html</ref> An bukaci Adeshina da sauran masu harbin saboda "laifukan ta'addanci." A ranar 30 ga watan Mayu, shekarar 2020, an cafke wasu ’yan sanda biyu na Legas da harbe wata yarinya’ yar shekara 16 har lahira. <ref>https://www.premiumtimesng.com/regional/ssouth-west/395179-police-arrest-two-officers-for-shooting-teenager-in-lagos.html</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ghgossip.com/nigeria-police-officer-who-allegedly-killed-16-year-old-girl-arrested/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2020-09-29 |archive-date=2020-10-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201017051555/https://www.ghgossip.com/nigeria-police-officer-who-allegedly-killed-16-year-old-girl-arrested/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> === Ƙididdigar 2008 === * 4% ragu a cikin rahoton aikata laifi * 36.8% raguwa akan laifuka akan Ayyukan Local * 18.8% raguwa a kan laifuka akan fularfin Doka * 3.6% raguwa a kan laifuka akan dukiya * An sace motoci 2,433, an dawo da 1,646 * 37% ragu a cikin Laifukan zirga-zirga * An dawo da Naira 66,522,000 (Kudin Nijeriya) * Manyan Jami'an 'Yan Sanda: 20,613 * Masu bincike: 28,175 * Matsayi da fayil: 263,425 ''Kwatancen nazarin Laifuka na shekarar 2008 da shekara ta 2009 ''' Bayanai da ke ƙasa suna nuna ƙididdigar aikata laifuka game da laifuffukan da aka yi wa Mutane, laifuka a kan Kadarorin ƙasa, laifukan da ke kan Authorityan doka da kuma laifukan da ke kan Ayyukan Localasa, na shekarar 2009 a duk Dokokin Jihohi {| |Laifi akan mutanen 2008 - 35,109 | 2009– 38,955 (aseara); Laifi akan Kadarori 2008– 47,626 | 2009-64, 286 (aseara) |- | Laifuka akan Hukuma 2008 - 5,938 | 2009– 7,878 (aseara); Laifi akan Ayyukan Gida na 2008 - 90,156 | 2009– 1,378 (Ragewa) |} Wani gidan yanar sadarwar mu'amala, kungiyar 'yan sanda ta' yan sanda ta Najeriya ta samar da rahoton aikata laifi da kuma yadda ake gudanar da ayyukan 'yan sanda cikin sauki ga jama'ar Najeriya ta hanyar kayan aiki daban-daban. Mujallar D + Z, wacce ta maida hankali kan ci gaba, rahotanni sun nuna cewa Freedom Radio, shiri ne da ake gabatarwa shekara uku na radiyo, shi ma yana taimakawa wajen dakile cin hanci da rashawa a jihohin Kano, Dutse, da Jigawa ta hanyar baiwa ‘yan kasa damar tofa albarkacin bakinsu da gogewarsu. Hakanan tana da wakili daga policean sanda a can don magance waɗannan ƙorafe-ƙorafe da magana game da sabbin ayyuka da ayyukan yau da kullun na policean sanda. Kodayake yawan cin hanci da rashawa da rahotannin take hakkin bil adama sun ragu, wannan alama ce mai kyau domin tana nuna cewa shirin yana da tasiri. == Horarwa == Mataimakin sufeto janar da aka nada a matsayin kwamanda ne ya jagoranci horon 'yan sanda daga hedkwatar. An horar da masu daukar aiki a '''kwalejojin ‘yan sanda da ke [[Kogin Oji|Oji River]], [[Maiduguri]], [[Kaduna (birni)|Kaduna]], da [[Ikeja]]''', wadanda su ma suka ba da horo ga sauran jami’an tsaro, kamar jami’an shige da fice na dauke da makamai. Kwalejin ‘yan sanda da ke Ikeja ta horar da mataimakan daraktocin mataimaka da masu kula da kananan yara. Har ila yau, akwai makarantun horo na cikin-aiki, ciki har da Makarantar Horar da Forcean sanda ta Waya da ke Guzuo, kudu maso yammacin Abuja, makarantar horas da 'yan ta'adda (CTU), Nonwa Tai, Jihar Ribas, Kwalejin' yan sanda masu bincike a Enugu, da Horon Sabis na Karnuka 'Yan Sanda Cibiyar, da Cibiyar Horar da Dutsen. A watan Agusta 1989, [[Ibrahim Babangida|Tsohon shugaban kasa, Janar Ibrahim Babangida]] (RTD) ya aza harsashin ginin makarantar horar da ‘yan sanda ta Najeriya (NPA) a jihar Kano. NPA ya kasance yana da alaƙa da [[Jami'ar Bayero]] har sai an sami wadatattun kayan more rayuwa don gudanar da ayyukan kansu. Ya kamata a tsara izinin shiga ta hanyar cancanta, ta tsarin kidaya, da kuma halin tarayya. Kwamandan ya kasance aƙalla AIG kuma an taimaka masa tare da mai kula da shirin ilimi.  NPA wacce aka tsara bayan [[Jami'ar Tsaron Nijeriya|kwalejin tsaron Najeriya]] a Kaduna, NPA zata gabatar da wani shiri na shekaru biyar na ilimi da kuma digiri na kwararru don sabbin masu kwaleji da kuma kwas na tsawon watanni goma sha takwas ga daliban da suka kammala kwaleji da ke burin aikin dan sanda. Babangida ya kuma bayyana shirye-shiryen samun taimakon fasaha daga Burtaniya don kafa wani babban shiri na tsarawa da horarwa don zamanantar da inganta horon ‘yan sanda. == Rikicin addini a Najeriya na 2009 == Rikicin addini ya haifar da mutuwar a kalla 150 cikin kwanaki biyu bayan jerin hare-hare a ranar 26 ga Yulin 2009 a wasu biranen [[Nijeriya|Najeriya]] . [[Bauchi (birni)|Bauchi]] a [[Bauchi (jiha)|jihar Bauchi]], [[Maiduguri]] a [[Borno|jihar Borno]], [[Potiskum]] a [[Yobe|jihar Yobe]] da [[Wudil]] duk an kai musu hari. Shaidu yanzu sunce sama da mutane 250 sun mutu. Najeriya ta ce galibin wadanda suka mutu ‘yan bindiga ne. An fara yakin ne a ranar 26 ga watan Yuli lokacin da [[Boko Haram|kungiyar Boko Haram]], kungiyar masu kaifin kishin Islama, ta kai hari kan ofishin ‘yan sanda domin daukar fansar kame shugabanninsu. 'Yan sanda sun mayar da martani tare da ramuwar gayya kuma dokar hana yawo ta fadi a yankin. Hare-haren sun bazu kuma washegari akwai gawarwaki a ofisoshin ‘yan sanda, mutane suna ta tserewa daga gidajensu wasu kuma ana jan wasu daga motocinsu don a harbe su yayin da‘ yan sanda suka kone kurmus. Daga nan ne sojojin Najeriya suka kewaye gidan Mohammed Yusuf da ke Maiduguri a ranar 28 ga watan Yuli bayan mabiyansa sun killace ciki. Wannan shi ne rikici mafi muni na addini da kasar ta fuskanta tun a watan Nuwamba na shekarar 2008. An ba da shawarar cewa siyasa, ba addini ba, ce ta haifar da rikicin. == Alamar take haƙƙin dan adam == Akwai rahotanni game da cin hanci da rashawa da kuma take hakkin bil adama da ‘Yan Sandan Najeriya suka yi. Publishedayan rahoto mafi lahani an buga shi a ranar 17 ga Agusta 2010 ta Rightsungiyar Kare Hakkin Bil'adama (HRW). Wani rahoton na Amnesty International USA ya zargi NPF da cin zarafin [[Ɗan jarida|‘Yan Jarida]], korar su da karfi, da sauran take hakkin dan adam. A ranar 12 ga Mayu 2020, jaridar This Day ta kawo rahoto a kan mummunan cin zarafi da take hakkin bil adama da Rundunar ‘Yan Sandan Najeriya ta yi yayin kulle-kullen annobar COVID-19. Rahoton jaridar ya zargi rundunar 'yan sanda ta Najeriya da aikata karin kashe-kashe ba tare da izini ba da sauran take hakkin dan adam a lokacin tsawaita kulle-kullen a kasar, tana mai bayyana cewa wannan ya samar da kashi 59.6 cikin 100 na yawan laifukan. == Duba kuma == * [[Laifi a Najeriya]] * [[Man fetur a Najeriya]] * [[Rikici a yankin Neja Delta]] * [[Motsi don Rayuwar Mutanen Ogoni]] * [[Hukumar SARS]] '''Dokokin Najeriya:''' * 'Yan Sandan Waya Na Najeriya * Kungiyar Tsaro ta Kasa (NSO) * Hukumar Tsaron Jiha (SSS) * Hukumar Leken Asiri ta Kasa (NIA) * Hukumar hana sha da fataucin miyagun kwayoyi ta kasa == Manazarta == {{Reflist|2}}54. ^ " [https://legitloaded.com/moment-ned-nwoko-humilated-delta-monarch-requested-police-to-dig-up-his-palace/ Lokacin da Sarkin Ned Nwoko Humilated, ya Nemi 'Yan Sanda Su tono Fadar sa]{{Dead link|date=September 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} ". legitloaded.com. 15 Agusta 2020. An dawo da 30 Yuli 2020. == Sauran kafofin == == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * [https://www.npf.gov.ng/ Tashar Tashar 'Yan Sandan Najeriya] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191203100839/https://www.npf.gov.ng/ |date=2019-12-03 }} * [http://www.npfdpk.gov.ng Ma'aikatar Kula da Zaman Lafiya] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20091010143704/http://www.africaaction.org/docs98/nig9803.aff.htm Jaridar Afirka ta E-Policy Journal] * [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/1322017.stm Rahoton BBC: ''<nowiki/>'Yan sanda masu farin ciki a Najeriya''] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] e4g2dd8fzgeq322jy16hqhwzglz2tos 0 15027 829767 817962 2026-05-05T00:40:39Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829767 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Sefi_Atta_2021.jpg|200px|right|thumbnail|Sefi Atta]] '''Sefi Atta''' (an haife ta ne a watan Janairun shekarar 1964) ita ce ta lashe kyauta marubuciya ce Ba'amurken Najeriyar, ƴar wasan kwaikwayo kuma marubuciyan allo.<ref>[http://www.abc.net.au/tv/qanda/txt/s3570412.htm Sefi Atta – Short bio] – Q&A (panellist) – Australian Broadcasting Corporation, 27 August 2012. Retrieved 2 September 2012.</ref> An fassara littattafanta zuwa yarurruka da yawa, rediyon [[BBC Hausa|BBC]] ya watsa su, kuma an buga wasannin kwaikwayo a ƙasashen duniya. Kyautar da ta samu sun haɗa da na 2006 ''Wole Soyinka Prize for Literature in Africa'' da kuma 2009 Noma ''Award for Publishing in Africa''.<ref>[https://myriadeditions.com/creator/sefi-atta/ "Sefi Atta"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806234111/https://myriadeditions.com/creator/sefi-atta/ |date=2020-08-06 }}, [[Myriad Editions]].</ref><ref>Janine, [http://jacana.bookslive.co.za/blog/2014/08/22/new-acclaimed-noma-award-winner-sefi-attas-latest-novel-a-bit-of-difference/ "New: Acclaimed NOMA Award Winner Sefi Atta’s Latest Novel, A Bit of Difference"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150823113220/http://jacana.bookslive.co.za/blog/2014/08/22/new-acclaimed-noma-award-winner-sefi-attas-latest-novel-a-bit-of-difference/ |date=2015-08-23 }}, ''Times Books LIVE'', 22 August 2014.</ref> == Tarihin rayuwa == An haifi Sefi Atta a [[Legas|Legas,]] [[Nijeriya|Najeriya]], a cikin Janairu 1964, ga dangin 'ya'ya biyar. Mahaifinta Abdul-Aziz Atta shi ne Sakataren Gwamnatin Tarayya kuma Shugaban Ma’aikatan Gwamnati har zuwa rasuwarsa a 1972, kuma mahaifiyarta Iyabo Atta ce ta yi rainon ta. Ta halarci Queen's College, [[Legas]], da Makarantar Millfield a [[Ingila]]. A shekarar 1985, ta kammala karatun ta na digiri na farko a jami’ar B.A. digiri daga Jami'ar Birmingham. Ta cancanci a matsayin akawun haya a Ingila da kuma CPA a Amurka, inda ta yi ƙaura a 1994.<ref name="Encyclopedia">[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/atta-sefi-1964 "Atta, Sefi 1964–"], Encyclopedia.com.</ref> Ta sami MFA daga Jami'ar Antioch a 2001.<ref name="Encyclopedia2">[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/atta-sefi-1964 "Atta, Sefi 1964–"], Encyclopedia.com.</ref> Tana auren Gboyega Ransome-Kuti, wani likita, kuma dan Olikoye Ransome-Kuti, kuma suna da diya guda, Temi.<ref name="Encyclopedia3">[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/atta-sefi-1964 "Atta, Sefi 1964–"], Encyclopedia.com.</ref> Kamfanin samar da kayan abinci na Atta da ke Legas Atta Girl na tallafawa ''Care to Read'', shirin da ta kirkiro don samun kudade ga halastattun kungiyoyin agaji ta hanyar karatun karatu. [[Fayil:Sefi Atta 2021.jpg|thumb|Sefi Atta]] A yanzu tana raba lokacinta tsakanin Najeriya, Ingila da Amurka. == Rubutawa == Atta ta kammala karatun shirye-shiryen kirkirar rubutu a Jami'ar Antioch a Los Angeles. Gajerun labaran ta sun bayyana a cikin mujallolin adabi kamar ''The Los Angeles Review'', ''Mississippi Review'' da ''World Literature Today''. Labarinta a kan Lagos da Najeriya sun bayyana a cikin wallafe-wallafe kamar su ''Time'' and ''Libération''. An fassara littattafanta zuwa yare da yawa. Littafinta na farko, ''Everything Good Will Come'', ya lashe ''Wole Soyinka Prize for Literature in Africa.'' '''Labari''' * 2005: ''Everything Good Will Come'', Interlink Books, * 2010: ''Swallow'', Interlink Books, * 2013: ''A Bit of Difference'', Interlink Books, * 2019: ''The Bead Collector'', Interlink Books, Takaitattun labarai * 2010: ''News from Home'', Interlink Books, Littattafan yara * 2018: ''Drama Queen'', Mango Books, Nigeria, Kunna tarin * 2019: ''Sefi Atta; Selected Plays'', Interlink Books, '''Wasannin farko''' * 2005: ''The Engagement'', MUSON Centre, Legas * 2011: ''The Cost of Living'', Lagos Heritage Festival * 2011: ''Hagel auf Zamfara'', Theatre Krefeld, Jamus * 2012: ''The Naming Ceremony'', New World Nigeria, Theatre Royal Stratford East, London * 2012: ''An Ordinary Legacy'', The MUSON Festival, MUSON Centre, Legas * 2014: ''Last Stand'', Terra Kulture, Legas * 2018: ''Renovation'', The Jos Festival of Theatre * 2019: ''The Death Road'', The Jos Festival of Theatre Wasan radiyo * 2002: ''The Engagement'', BBC Radio * 2004: ''Makinwa's Miracle'', BBC Radio * 2007: ''A Free Day'', BBC Radio '''Nunin allo''' * 2009: ''Leaving on Your Mind'', wasan kusa da na karshe ga American Zoetrope Screenplay Competition * 2019: ''Valid'', karshe ga WeScreenPlay Diverse Voices Lab * 2019: ''Valid'', karshe ga American Zoetrope Screenplay Competition == Zaɓaɓɓun kyaututtuka da yabo == * 2002: Macmillan Writers Prize For Africa, jerin sunayen<ref>{{Cite web|title=50 Books By African Women That Everyone Should Read|url=https://whatsonafrica.org/50-books-by-african-women-that-everyone-should-read/|last=Fatunla|first=Dele Meiji|date=2014-06-30|website=Whats On Africa|language=en-GB|access-date=2020-05-26}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> * 2002: BBC African Performance, Kyauta ta 2<ref>{{Cite web|title=Previous Judges|url=http://caineprize.com/previous-judges|website=The Caine Prize for African Writing|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-26}}</ref> * 2002: Zoetrope Short Fiction Contest, Kyauta ta 3<ref>{{Cite web|title=Atta, Sefi - Peter Hammer Verlag|url=https://www.peter-hammer-verlag.de/autoren-details/sefi_atta/|website=www.peter-hammer-verlag.de|access-date=2020-05-26|archive-date=2020-08-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200807033822/https://www.peter-hammer-verlag.de/autoren-details/sefi_atta/|url-status=dead}}</ref> * 2003: Red Hen Press Short Story Award, Kyauta ta 1 * 2003: ''Glimmer Train''′s Very Short Fiction Award, na karshe<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sefi Atta makes children’s literature debut|url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/sefi-atta-makes-childrens-literature-debut/|date=2018-10-12|website=The Sun Nigeria|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-26}}</ref> * 2004: [[BBC Hausa|BBC]] African Performance, Kyauta ta 2 * 2005: PEN International David TK Wong Prize, Kyauta ta 1<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sefi Atta|url=https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/133292.Sefi_Atta|website=www.goodreads.com|access-date=2020-05-26}}</ref> * 2006: Caine Prize for African Writing, jerin sunayen<ref>{{Cite web|title=Two Nigerians shortlisted for 2019 Caine Prize - Premium Times Nigeria|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/artsbooks/331046-two-nigerians-shortlisted-for-2019-caine-prize.html|last=Augoye|first=Jayne|date=2019-05-22|language=en-GB|access-date=2020-05-26}}</ref> * 2006: Wole Soyinka Prize for Literature in Africa<ref>{{Cite web|title=Authors|url=https://www.africanwriter.com/authors/|website=AfricanWriter.com|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-26|archive-date=2020-05-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200515101315/https://www.africanwriter.com/authors/|url-status=dead}}</ref> * 2009: Noma Award for Publishing in Africa<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sefi Atta, Author Info, Published Books, Bio, Photo, Video, and More|url=https://aalbc.com/authors/author.php?author_name=Sefi+Atta|website=AALBC.com, the African American Literature Book Club|language=en|access-date=2020-05-26}}</ref> '''Marubuci Ziyarci''' * 2006: Jami'ar Kudancin Mississippi * 2008: Jami'ar Arewa maso Yamma * 2010: Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon Atta ta kasance a cikin juri na 2010 ''Neustadt International Prize for Literature,''<ref>[http://www.ou.edu/worldlit/2009-Neustadt-jury-nominees.pdf Jury & candidates for 2010 Neustadt Prize] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090524020323/http://www.ou.edu/worldlit/2009-Neustadt-jury-nominees.pdf |date=2009-05-24 }}, announced March 2009.</ref> kuma alkali ne na 2019 ''Caine Prize for African Writing''. Nazari mai mahimmanci game da ayyukanta, ''Writing Contemporary Nigeria: How Sefi Atta Illustates African Culture and Tradition,'' editan Farfesa Walter P. Collins, III, wanda Cambria Press ta buga a 2015. == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * [http://www.sefiatta.com/ Sefi Atta's website] == Nassoshi == {{DEFAULTSORT:Atta, Sefi}} tr97o3oljerqmqs37i2b5jtxo2viq89 0 15041 830124 658155 2026-05-05T11:28:58Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 830124 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Stella Oduah Ogiemwonyi''' (née '''Oduah'''; an haife ta a ranar 5 ga watan Janairu shekarar 1962), ƴar majalisar dattijan [[Nijeriya|Najeriya]] ce kuma tsohuwar Ministar Jirgin Sama. An tabbatar da ita ga muƙamin minista kuma an rantsar da ita a ranar 2 ga Yulin shekarar 2011<ref>{{cite web|url=http://premiumtimesng.com/news/155031-breaking-jonathan-drops-corrupt-aviation-minister-stella-oduah-3-others.html|title=Jonathan drops corrupt Aviation Minister, Stella Oduah, 3 others|publisher=|date=|accessdate=2014-02-12}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nigeriadailynews.com/latest-additions/23242-president-swears-in-14-ministers-returnees-retain-former-portfolios.html|title=President Swears In 14 Ministers, Returnees Retain Former Portfolios|publisher=Nigeriadailynews.com|date=|accessdate=2013-08-30|archive-date=2013-09-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130925032739/http://www.nigeriadailynews.com/latest-additions/23242-president-swears-in-14-ministers-returnees-retain-former-portfolios.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theinfostride.com/forum/index.php?topic=18694.0|title=Senate President David Mark Read The List of Nigeria's Ministerial Nominees|publisher=The InfoStride|date=|accessdate=2013-08-30}}</ref> kuma an tura ta zuwa Ma’aikatar Sufurin Jiragen Sama a ranar 4 ga watan Yulin shekarar 2011.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thisdayonline.com/|title=Latest Nigerian News from Thisday newspaper|publisher=Thisdayonline.com|date=|accessdate=2013-08-30|archive-date=2009-12-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091208004525/http://www.thisdayonline.com/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sunnewsonline.com/webpages/news/national/2011/july/04/national-04-07-2011-003.html|access-date=January 7, 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110809004008/http://www.sunnewsonline.com/webpages/news/national/2011/july/04/national-04-07-2011-003.html|title=Jonathan’s cabinet|archive-date=August 9, 2011}}</ref><ref>https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/oduah-princess-stella-adaeze/</ref> Duk da haka an sauke ta daga aikin ta na Ministan Jirgin Sama a ranar 12 ga watan Fabrairu shekarar 2014. Ta kuma kasance mai gwagwarmaya a yaƙin neman zaɓen tsohon Shugaban ƙasa [[Goodluck Jonathan]], inda ta yi aiki a matsayin Daraktan Gudanarwa da Kuɗi. A shekarar 2013, tana daya daga cikin wakilan da shugaban ƙasar ya zaɓa domin halartar bikin naɗin Paparoma Francis tare da [[David Mark]], shugaban majalisar dattijai da Viola Onwuliri, Ministan harkokin waje.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.informationng.com/2013/03/pope-inauguration-david-mark-to-lead-fg-delegation-to-vatican-city.html|title=Pope Inauguration: David Mark To Lead FG Delegation To Vatican City &#124; INFORMATION NIGERIA|publisher=Informationng.com|date=|accessdate=10 February 2016}}</ref> A ranar 23 ga watan Fabrairun shekarar 2017, Jaridar Punch ta ba da rahoton asusunta na kamfanoni huɗu da aka daskarar kan zargin cin bashin $16,412,819.06 da N100,493,225.59 da babban kotun tarayya da ke jihar Legas. Kamfanonin guda huɗun sune ''Sea Petroleum and Gas Company Limited'', ''Sea Shipping Agency Limited'', ''Rotary Engineering Services Limited'', da ''Tour Afrique Company Limited'' masu asusun banki 21. Ta shiga cikin rikice-rikice da yawa wanda ya samo asali ne daga sayan motoci na BMW wanda ba shi da harsashi ba tare da bin tsarin doka ba<ref>{{cite web|url=http://saharareporters.com/2013/10/15/how-aviation-minister-stella-oduah-forced-cash-strapped-aviation-agency-spend-16-million|title=How Aviation Minister Stella Oduah Forced Cash-Strapped Aviation Agency To Spend $1.6 Million On Two BMW Armored Cars For Her|date=15 October 2013|website=Sahara Reporters|accessdate=9 July 2017}}</ref> da kuma zargin da ake yi wa Stella Oduah-Ogiemwonyi da cewa karya ta yi game da yadda ta samu digiri na MBA daga Kwalejin St Paul. Koyaya, shafin yanar gizo na News, ''SaharaReporters'', a ranar 6 ga watan Janairun shekarar 2014 ya ambaci hukumomi a Kwalejin St. Paul, inda Misis Oduah ta ce ta yi karatun digiri da digiri na biyu, kamar yadda suke cewa ba su ba ta lambar ta MBA ba a kowane lokaci kasancewar jami'ar ba ta ma da makarantar kammala karatun digiri ko na digiri.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://saharareporters.com/2014/01/07/aviation-minister-stella-oduah-scrambles-cover-certificate-forgery-scandal-premium-times|title=Aviation Minister, Stella Oduah Scrambles To Cover Up Certificate Forgery Scandal-PREMIUM TIMES|date=7 January 2014|website=Sahara Reporters|accessdate=9 July 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/152958-aviation-minister-stella-oduah-in-fresh-fake-doctorate-degree-scandal.html#sthash.UmwrJ6XR.dpbs|title=Aviation Minister, Stella Oduah in fresh fake doctorate degree scandal - Premium Times Nigeria|date=8 January 2014|publisher=|accessdate=9 July 2017}}</ref> == Ayyukan majalisar dattijai == A shekarar 2015, an zaɓe ta a [[Majalisar Dattijai ta Najeriya|Majalisar Dattawan Najeriya]] don ta wakilci gundumar sanata ta Anambra ta Arewa.<ref>{{Cite web|last=TheScoop|date=2015-03-30|title=She's back, she's back: Princess 'BMW' Stella Oduah wins Anambra North senate seat|url=https://thescoopng.com/2015/03/30/shes-back-shes-back-princess-bmw-stella-oduah-wins-anambra-north-senate-seat/|access-date=2020-06-10|website=The ScoopNG|language=en-US|archive-date=2020-06-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200610072013/https://thescoopng.com/2015/03/30/shes-back-shes-back-princess-bmw-stella-oduah-wins-anambra-north-senate-seat/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Olowolagba|first=Fikayo|date=2019-02-25|title=Nigeria election result: PDP's Stella Oduah wins Anambra North senatorial seat|url=https://dailypost.ng/2019/02/25/nigeria-election-result-pdps-stella-oduah-wins-anambra-north-senatorial-seat/|access-date=2020-06-10|website=Daily Post Nigeria|language=en-US}}</ref> Tana daga cikin mata bakwai da aka zaba na takwas. Sauran sun kasance [[Rose Okoji Oko]], [[Uche Ekwunife]], [[Fatimat Raji Rasaki]], [[Oluremi Tinubu]], [[Abiodun Olujimi]] and [[Binta Garba]].<ref name="sixof100">[https://www.naij.com/448960-the-6-female-senators-in-8th-national-assembly-photos.html The 6 female senators in 8th National Assembly], Naij,com, Retrieved 15 February 2016</ref> An sake zaɓar Oduah a karo na biyu a Majalisar Dattawa a shekarar 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-02-25|title=Stella Oduah wins Anambra North Senatorial Election|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/315923-stella-oduah-wins-anambra-north-senatorial-election.html|access-date=2020-06-10|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Newsbulletin|date=2019-02-25|title=2019 elections: Senator Stella Oduah wins Anambra North, promises to sustain her quality representation|url=https://newsbulletinng.com/2019-elections-senator-stella-oduah-wins-anambra-north-promises-to-sustain-her-quality-representation/|access-date=2020-06-10|website=News Bulletinng|language=en-US}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Bango == An haifi Oduah ga Igwe D.O. Oduah na Akili-Ozizor, [[Ogbaru]] L.G.A. a jihar Anambra a ranar 5 ga watan Janairun shekarar 1962.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://koko.ng/senator-stella-oduah-submits-as-she-abandons-claims-of-having-degrees-and-nysc-certificate/|title=koko.ng|website=www.koko.ng|accessdate=9 July 2017|archive-date=11 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220711140955/https://koko.ng/senator-stella-oduah-submits-as-she-abandons-claims-of-having-degrees-and-nysc-certificate/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Oduah-Ogiemwonyi ta karbi digirinta na farko da na Digiri na biyu (a bangaren Akawu da Gudanar da Kasuwanci) a [[Amurka]]. ta dawo gida Najeriya a shekarar 1983 sannan ta shiga kamfanin man fetur na Najeriya.<ref name="neighbours4goodluck1">[https://koko.ng/new-year-stella-oduah-preaches-shared-equitable-prosperity-for-the-growth-of-seastern-states/]{{Dead link|date=October 2024|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> A shekarar 1992, ta bar kamfanin NNPC ta kafa kamfanin ''Sea Petroleum & Gas Company Limited (SPG)'', mai cinikin mai na kayan man fetur a Najeriya.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.seapetrol.com/staffmgt.html|title=Account Suspended|publisher=Seapetrol.com|date=|accessdate=2013-08-30}}</ref> Ta auri tsohon Ministan Ayyuka, Engr. Chris Ogiemwonyi kuma yana da yara. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Yan siyasar Najeriya]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1962]] 4utry772qhftb8z0rsncip6of1llgzo 0 16069 829613 817798 2026-05-04T14:20:15Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 5 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829613 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Nigerian Army headquarters building.jpg|thumb|hedkwatar Rundunar sojin Najeriya]] [[File:US Navy 100308-N-7948C-091 U. S. Navy Capt. Cindy Thebaud, second from right, commander of Africa Partnership Station (APS) West, tours the Nigerian Naval Dock Yard with Nigerian navy Capt. Dan Agundi.jpg|thumb|sojojin ruwan Najeriya tareda takwarorinsu na waje]] [[File:NAF 102 - One of the War Planes used during the Biafran War in Nigeria.jpg|thumb|jirgin saman yaƙin sojojin lanjeriya]] [[File:Sam Ethman Airforce Base, Lagos.jpg|thumb|wani barikin sojan saaman Najeriya a legas]] [[File:IMG-20150724-WA0018.jpg|thumb|sojojin Najeriya suna tirenin]] [[File:21st Chief of Army Staff (Nigerian Army).jpg|thumb|Marigayi Tsohon shugaban rundunar sojojin Najeriya Leu Gen Ibrahim Attahiru]] [[File:2 and 3 Divs Nigerian Army - Camp Zairo, 207.png|thumb|sojojin Najeriya na shirin zuwa fagen daga]] [[File:Nigerian Army - Sambisa Forest, 2017.png|thumb|bataliyan sojojin Najeriya a wani camp a sambisa]] [[File:Badge of the Nigerian Navy.svg|thumb|logon sojojin ruwa Najeriya]] [[Fayil:2022 Army DSSC graduation.jpg|thumb|Rundunonin Sojin Najeriya]] Sojojin '''Najeriya''' su ne sojojin tarayyar kasar [[Nijeriya|Najeriya]] . Asalinta ya ta'allaka ne da gundumar [[:en:Royal_West_African_Frontier_Force|Royal West African Frontier Force]] wacce ta zama Najeriya lokacin da aka ba da 'yanci a shekara ta 1960. A shekarar 1956 da kasar [[:en:Nigeria_Regiment|Nigeria Regiment]] na [[:en:Royal_West_African_Frontier_Force|Royal West African Frontier Force]] (RWAFF) aka sake masa suna da kasar Nigerian Military Forces, RWAFF, kuma a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1958 da mulkin mallakan gwamnatin Nijeriya ya hau kan daga Birtaniya [[:en:War_Office|War Office]] iko da Nigerian Military Forces tasa mu. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query2/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+ng0140)|title=Library of Congress Country Studies, Nigeria|author=|date=|website=loc.gov|accessdate=4 April 2018}}</ref> Tun daga lokacin da aka kirkiro sojojin Najeriya suka yi [[:en:Civil_war|civil war]] – da [[:en:Nigerian_Civil_War|conflict with Biafra]] a shekarar 1967 - shekarar 1970 - kuma sun tura sojojin kiyaye zaman lafiya kasashen waje tare da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kuma a matsayin kashin bayan Kungiyar [[:en:Economic_Community_of_West_African_States|Economic Community of West African States]] ([https://www.ecowas.int/ ECOWAS]) Cease-fire Kungiya ta [[:en:Economic_Community_of_West_African_States_Monitoring_Group|Monitoring Group]] (ECOMOG) a [[Laberiya]] da [[Saliyo]] . Hakanan ta ƙwace mulki sau biyu a gida ( 1966 &amp;amp; 1983 ).  Bayan yakin basasa, an fadada yawan sojoji, kusan 250,000 a shekarar 1977, sun cinye yawancin albarkatun Najeriya a karkashin mulkin soja domin samun koma baya. hakan ya fadada a cikin soja a lokacin yakin basasa hakan na kunshene da data kasance soja ya riƙe Nijeriya. jama'a dauki kansu a tsarin mulki soja . A yayin hakan, ya taka rawar gani wajen karfafa matsayin soja na farko-tsakanin-daidai a tsakanin al'ummar Najeriya, da kuma raguwar tasirin soja. [[Olusegun Obasanjo]], wanda a shekarar 1999 ya zama Shugaban kasa, ya nuna bacin ransa a jawabinsa na farko a waccan shekarar: '. . . An Rasa Kwarewar ma sana ... zuciyata tana jini don ganin lalacewa cikin kwarewar sojoji. ' <ref>Obasanjo, quoted in Herbert M. Howe, Ambiguous Order: Military Forces in African States, Lynne Rienner, Boulder/London, 2001, p.54. Obasanjo has also been accused of misuse of his personal position for profit.</ref> Cibiyoyin horarwa a kasar Najeriya sun hada da shahararren jami'in da ya shiga [[Jami'ar Tsaron Nijeriya|makarantar horar]] da sojoji ta [[Kaduna (birni)|Najeriya da ke Kaduna]], da Kwamandan Sojoji da Kwalejin Ma'aikata, Jaji, da Kwalejin Yaƙin Kasa da [[Abuja|ke garin Abuja]] . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ndc.gov.ng/college/History.htm|title=Archived copy|access-date=2009-10-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110215203327/https://www.ndc.gov.ng/college/History.htm|archive-date=2011-02-15|url-status=dead}}</ref> Contractan kwangilar soja na Amurka dan kwangilar Sojan Sama da Kayan Kasuwanci ya kasance daga kusan 1999-2000 ya ba da shawara kan alaƙar soja da soja ga sojojin. <ref>http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/dec/11/0097.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220525041943/http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/dec/11/0097.html|date=2022-05-25}}, accessed October 2009 and Peter Singer, 'Corporate Warriors,' [[Cornell University Press]], Ithaca and London, 2003, p.131-2. {{ISBN|0-8014-4114-5}}</ref> == Tsayayyar doka == Matsayin rundunar sojojin ƙasa ya kafu a cikin Tsarin Mulkin ta. Kare mutuncin yanki ta da sauran manyan bukatun kasa shine babban jigon a wannan matsayin. Sashe na 217-220 na Kundin Tsarin Mulkin kasar Nijeriya na shekarar 1999 ya yi jawabi ga Sojojin kasar Najeriya: * (1) Za a sami rundunonin sojan Tarayya wadanda za su kunshi sojojan kasa, da sojan ruwa, da sojan sama, da sauran bangarorin rundunonin sojojin tarayyar kamar yadda dokar kasa ta kafa wato [[:en:National_Assembly_(Nigeria)|National Assembly]] . * (2) Tarayya za ta kasance, a karkashin Dokar Majalisar Dokoki ta Kasa da aka sanya a madadin hakan, ta wadata da kuma kula da dakaru kamar yadda ake ganin ya wadatar kuma ya yi tasiri saboda - * (a) kare Najeriya daga ta'addancin waje; * (b) kiyaye mutuncin yankinta da kiyaye iyakokinta daga keta doka a kan kasa, da teku, ko ta sama; * (c) Dakushe tawaya da kuma yin aiki da taimakon hukumomin farar hula don dawo da tsari yayin da Shugaban kasa ya kira shi yin hakan amma bisa wasu sharudda kamar yadda Dokar Majalisar Dokoki ta tanadar. * (d) Aikata wasu ayyukan wadanda dokar kasa ta gindaya. * (3) kungiyar sojoji da sauran rukunin rundunonin soja na Tarayyar za su nuna halin tarayyar Najeriya. == Sojojin kasa == Sojojin Najeriya (NA) reshen ƙasa ne na Sojojin Najeriya kuma mafi girma a cikin sojojin. Manyan tsare-tsare sun hada da Runduna ta 1, Runduna ta biyu, Runduna ta 3 masu sulke, runduna ta 81, rukuni na 82, da kuma sabbin masu kafa 8, 7 da 6, Raba. == Sojojin Ruwa == Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Najeriya (NN) reshen teku ne na Sojojin Najeriya. Tsarin rundunar sojojin ruwan Najeriya a yau ya kunshi Hedikwatar Sojan Ruwa a Abuja, kwamandoji uku masu aiki tare da hedkwatarsu a jihar [[Lagos (jiha)|Lagos]], [[Kalaba|Calabar]], da [[Bayelsa]] . Hedikwatar kwamandan horarwa suna cikin Lagos, babban birnin kasuwancin Najeriya, amma tare da wuraren horo sun bazu a duk fadin Najeriya. Akwai sansanonin aiki guda biyar, sansanonin aiki biyar na gaba (tare da wasu biyu nan ba da dadewa ba), da mashigai biyu da ke Lagos da [[Port Harcourt|Fatakwal]] da jiragen ruwa biyu da ke Legas da Calabar. == Sojan Sama == [[File:Roundel_of_Nigeria.svg|right|thumb|150x150px| Zagayen sojojin saman Najeriya]] An kafa rundunar Sojan Sama ta Najeriya a watan Janairun 1964 tare da taimakon taimakon fasaha daga Yammacin Jamus . Sojojin sama sun fara rayuwa ne a matsayin masu jigilar kayayyaki tare da horarwa ta sama kasashen Canada, Habasha da Pakistan . Sojojin sama ba su sami damar fada ba har sai da Tarayyar Soviet ta gabatar da wasu jirage masu lamba MiG-17 a 1966. A cikin 2007 Sojan Sama suna da ƙarfin 10,000. suna da jirgin shawagi da jigila, mai bada horo, mai saukar ungulu, da jirgin yaƙi. shekarar 2020, yawan ma'aikatan Sojan Sama ya karu zuwa 18,000. Sojojin saman suna daukar Nauyin Air Force Military School, Jos, Nigeria, da Cibiyar Fasaha ta Sojan Sama wato. Air Force Institute of Technology. Har ila yau, Nijeriya ta bi manufofin da jirgin yaƙi. shekarar 2020, yawan ma'aikatan Sojan Sama ya karu zuwa 18,000. <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7VNAzQEACAAJ&q=IISS+2020|title=The Military Balance 2020|date=14 February 2020|publisher=Routledge, Chapman & Hall, Incorporated|pages=494|isbn=9780367466398|language=en}}</ref> Sojojin saman suna daukar Nauyin [[:en:Air_Force_Military_School,_Jos,_Nigeria|Air Force Military School, Jos, Nigeria]], da Cibiyar Fasaha ta Sojan Sama wato. [[:en:Air_Force_Institute_of_Technology|Air Force Institute of Technology]]. Har ila yau, Nijeriya ta bi manufofin bunƙasa horo a cikin gida da ƙwarewan samar da sojojin. Nijeriya ci gaba da tsaurara manufofin tana faɗaɗa hanyoyin ciga ban sojoji daga ƙasashe daban-daban. == Sauran abubuwa == Akwai Rundunar Hadin Gwiwa a yankin Neja Delta da aka ayyana "Maido da" Wannan tawaga ce ta hadin gwiwa wacce ta kunshi Sojoji, Sojojin ruwa, da Sojan Sama don yakar ta'addanci a yankin Neja Delta. <ref>{{cite web|url=https://nigerianewsworld.com/news/jtf-operations-increased-oil-production-output-to-2-million-barrel-per-day/|title=JTF operations increased oil production output to 2 million barrel per day|publisher=Nigerianewsworld|accessdate=14 September 2020}}{{Dead link|date=September 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> JTF HQ yana a [[Yenagoa]] . == Sojojin Najeriya a kasashen waje == A watan Disambar 1983, sabon mulkin Manjo Janar [[Muhammadu Buhari|Muhammadu Buhari ya]] ba da sanarwar cewa Nijeriya ba za ta iya sake daukar nauyin wani mai fafutukar adawa da mulkin mallaka a Afirka ba. Membobin kungiyar [[:en:English-speaking_world|Anglophone]] [[:en:ECOWAS|ECOWAS]]<nowiki/>ta kafa [[:en:Ecomog|ECOMOG]], wanda Sojojin Najeriya suka mamaye a 1990 don tsoma baki a [[:en:First_Liberian_Civil_War|civil war in Liberia]]. Sojojin kasar sun nuna karfin su na tattarawa, girke su, da kuma tallafawa dakaru masu girman brigedi domin tallafawa ayyukan wanzar da zaman lafiya a [[Laberiya]] . A baya an aika da kananan sojoji a kan tura [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|UN]] da ECOWAS a tsohuwar [[:en:Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia|Yugoslavia]], da [[Gine-Bisau|Guinea-Bissau]], da [[Saliyo|Saliyo.]]<ref name=":02">{{Cite web|url=https://peacekeeping.un.org/mission/past/unprof_b.htm|title=Former Yugoslavia: UNPROFOR|last=|first=|date=31 August 1996|website=Department of Public Information, United Nations|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.un.org/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=S/1999/294|title=United Nations Official Document|website=www.un.org|access-date=2020-03-05}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/5-previous-west-african-military-interventions-111050770.html|title=The 5 previous West African military interventions|website=www.yahoo.com|language=en-US|access-date=2020-03-05|archive-date=2020-11-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128212144/https://www.yahoo.com/news/5-previous-west-african-military-interventions-111050770.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Wannan koyarwar gami da katsalandan din sojan Afirka da Najeriya wani lokaci ana kiranta [[:en:Pax_Nigeriana|Pax Nigeriana]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Adebajo, Adekeye.|title=Liberia's Civil War : Nigeria, ECOMOG, and Regional Security in West Africa.|date=2007|publisher=Lynne Rienner Publishers|isbn=978-1-62637-112-5|oclc=1027486570}}</ref> Wannan bayanan manufofin bai hana Najeriya tsaya waba a karkashin Janaral [[Ibrahim Babangida]] a 1990 da [[Sani Abacha]] a 1997 daga tura sojojin kiyaye zaman lafiya na ECOMOG karkashin inuwar ECOWAS zuwa Laberiya kuma daga baya Saliyo lokacin da yakin basasa ya barke a wadannan kasashen. Shugaba [[Olusegun Obasanjo]] a watan Agustan na shekara ta 2003 ya sake tura sojojin Najeriya cikin Laberiya, bisa roƙon [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]], da su ba da lokaci na wucin gadi har sai Ofishin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a Laberiya wato [[:en:United_Nations_Mission_in_Liberia|United Nations Mission in Liberia]] (UNMIL) ya iso. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://unmil.unmissions.org/military-0|title=Military|date=2015-09-02|website=UNMIL|language=en|access-date=2020-03-05|archive-date=2020-08-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200825223204/https://unmil.unmissions.org/military-0|url-status=dead}}</ref> Daga baya [[:en:Charles_G._Taylor|Charles Taylor]] ya samu sauka daga mulki kuma akai raki yarsa zuwa Najeriya. A watan Oktoba 2004, sojojin Najeriya suka sake turawa zuwa [[:en:Darfur|Darfur]], wadda take Sudan don jagorantar rundunar Tarayyar Afirka don dakatar da kisan kare dangin Darfur. <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Ebegbulem|first=Joseph C|date=2011-07-01|title=Nigeria and conflict resolution in Africa: The Darfur experience|journal=Civilizar|volume=11|issue=21|pages=69|doi=10.22518/16578953.34|issn=1657-8953|doi-access=free}}</ref> Nijeriya ta ba da gudummawar sojoji / ‘yan sanda sama da 20,000 ga wasu ayyukan Majalisar Dinkin Duniya tun 1960. Rundunar [[Rundunar ƴan Sandan Najeriya|'yan sanda ta Najeriya]] da sojoji sun shiga cikin: * [[:en:UNIPOM|UNIPOM]] - [[Indiya]] da [[Pakistan]], 1965 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://peacekeeping.un.org/mission/past/unipomfacts.html|title=UNITED NATIONS INDIA-PAKISTAN OBSERVATION MISSION (UNIPOM) - Facts and Figures|website=peacekeeping.un.org|access-date=2020-03-05}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> * [[:en:UNIFIL|UNIFIL]] - [[Lebanon]], 1978 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://unifil.unmissions.org/unifil-troop-contributing-countries|title=UNIFIL Troop-Contributing Countries|date=2016-03-14|website=UNIFIL|language=en|access-date=2020-03-05}}</ref> * [[:en:UNIIMOG|UNIIMOG]] - [[Iran]] da [[Iraƙi|Iraki]], 1988 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://peacekeeping.un.org/mission/past/uniimogbackgr.html|title=UNITED NATIONS IRAN-IRAQ MILITARY OBSERVER GROUP (UNIIMOG) - Background (Full text)|website=peacekeeping.un.org|access-date=2020-03-05|archive-date=2023-07-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719000159/https://peacekeeping.un.org/mission/past/uniimogbackgr.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> * [[:en:United_Nations_Protection_Force|UNPROFOR]] - Tsohuwar [[:en:Yugoslavia|Yugoslavia]], 1998 <ref name=":03">{{Cite web|url=https://peacekeeping.un.org/mission/past/unprof_b.htm|title=Former Yugoslavia: UNPROFOR|last=|first=|date=31 August 1996|website=Department of Public Information, United Nations|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> * [[:en:United_Nations_Mission_of_Support_to_East_Timor|UNMISET]] - [[Timor-Leste|East Timor]], 1999 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://peacekeeping.un.org/mission/past/unmiset/facts.html|title=UNMISET: United Nations Mission of Support in East Timor - Facts and Figures|website=peacekeeping.un.org|access-date=2020-03-05|archive-date=2021-05-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210525003627/https://peacekeeping.un.org/mission/past/unmiset/facts.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> * [[:en:MONUC|MONUC]] - [[Jamhuriyar dimokuradiyya Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]], 2004 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://peacekeeping.un.org/mission/past/monuc/facts.shtml|title=MONUC Facts and Figures - United Nations Organization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo|website=peacekeeping.un.org|access-date=2020-03-05}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Jami'an Nijeriya sun yi aiki a matsayin Manyan hafsoshin tsaro a wasu kasashen, inda Birgediya Janar [[:en:Maxwell_Khobe|Maxwell Khobe]] ya yi aiki a matsayin Shugaban Hafsun Sojojin Saliyo a 1998 - 1999, <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://peacekeeping.un.org/mission/past/monuc/facts.shtml|title=MONUC Facts and Figures - United Nations Organization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo|website=peacekeeping.un.org|access-date=2020-03-05}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> da kuma jami'an Nijeriya da ke aiki a matsayin Babban Jami'an Kwamandan Sojojin Liberia daga aƙalla 2007. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090225210058/http://www.dhmlnigeria.com/LIST%20OF%20MILITARY%20HEALTH%20CARE%20FACILITIES%20UNDER%20DHML.pdf Jerin Cibiyoyin Kula da Kiwan Lafiya A Underarƙashin DHML] - don wurare naúrar * [http://www.dawodu.com/omoigui49.htm Matsayi Na soja Na Rundunar] Sojojin [http://www.dawodu.com/omoigui49.htm Najeriya] Matsayi Na Sojojin Najeriya == Kara karantawa == * Idang, Gordon J. "Siyasar Manufofin Kasashen Waje na Najeriya: Tabbatarwa da Sake Yarjejeniyar Tsaron Anglo da Najeriya." Nazarin Afirka 13, a'a. 2 (1970): 227-251. * Robin Luckham, Sojojin Najeriya; nazarin zamantakewar al'umma na iko & tawaye 1960-67, Cambridge [Eng. ] Jami'ar Press, 1971. * NJ Miners, 'The Nigerian Army 1956-66,' Methuen and Co. Ltd, London, 1971 * Jimi Peters, 'Sojojin Najeriya da Jiha,' 1997,  * kungiyar Ilimin Sojojin Nijeriya da Makaranta, [https://openlibrary.org/books/OL1474957M/History_of_the_Nigerian_Army_1863-1992 Tarihin Sojojin Nijeriya 1863–1992], Abuja, 1992 == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == [http://defenceinfo.mil.ng/profile-of-the-chief-of-defence-staff/ Ma’aikatan Tsaron Najeriya] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526111037/https://defenceinfo.mil.ng/profile-of-the-chief-of-defence-staff/ |date=2022-05-26 }} [https://army.mil.ng/ Sojojin Najeriya] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201204041558/https://army.mil.ng/ |date=2020-12-04 }} [http://www.navy.mil.ng/ Sojojin Ruwan Najeriya] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220119092410/https://www.navy.mil.ng/ |date=2022-01-19 }} [https://airforce.mil.ng/ Sojojin Sama na Najeriya]{{Dead link|date=June 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} [[Category:Sojojin najeriya]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] tfxdsk8xq6kij1f2b4mr93686wi8zv6 0 16108 830023 787684 2026-05-05T09:35:30Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 830023 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Sola Sobowale (cropped).png|thumb|Sola Sobowale]] '''Sola Sobowale''', (an haife ta a 26 ga watan Disamba,shekara ta 1963) 'yar fim ce ta Nijeriya, marubuciyar a fim, darekta kuma furodusa. Tana da babban hutu a shekara ta 2001, a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na shahararren wasan kwaikwayo na talabijin a Najeriya Super Labari : ''Oh Uba, Oh Daughter.''<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20150121172150/https://punchng.com/entertainment/the-fashionista/ive-lovely-legs-but-i-cant-wear-skimpy-dresses-sola-sobowale/</ref> == Ayyuka == Kafin harbi cikin taurari, Sobowale ya taka rawa a ''The Village Headmaster'', ''Mirror in the Sun'', da kuma a fim din [[Yarbawa]], ''Asewo To Re Mecca'' . Ta shiga wasan kwaikwayo ne ta hanyar rawa da yawa a fina-finan da Awada Kerikeri Group ta samar karkashin jagorancin Adebayo Salami . A cikin shekarun da suka gabata, ta yi rubuce-rubuce, ta yi rubutu tare, ta ba da umarni da kuma shirya finafinai da yawa na Nijeriya. Ta rubuta, ta shirya kuma ta ba da umarni, ''Abin Oko Somida'', wani fim ne na Nijeriya a shekara ta 2010 wanda ke dauke da tauraron mai suna Adebayo Salami . Ta fito a fim ''mai suna 'Dangerous Twins''', fim din [[Najeriya]] na 2004 wanda Tade Ogidan ta shirya, Niji Akanni ya rubuta kuma ya ba da umarni . Ta kuma fito a cikin ''Family on Fire'' wanda Tade Ogidan ta shirya kuma ta ba da umarni . == Rayuwar mutum == Sobowale ya yi aure kuma yana da yara huɗu. An zaɓi ta ne don ta zama jakadiya ta alama ga zangon Wellbeing na katifa na kamfanin Mouka . == Lambobin yabo == a shekarar 2019, ta samu lambar yabo ta African Movie Academy Awards (AMAA) don fitacciyar jarumar da ta taka rawar gani a rawar da ta taka a fim din Najeriyar na shekarar 2018: ''King of Boys'' ==Kyaututtuka da zaɓe== {| class="wikitable" !Year !Award !Category !Work !Result !Ref |- |2019 |[[Africa Movie Academy Awards|African Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)]] |''Best Actress'' in a Leading Role |''[[King of Boys]]'' |{{nom}} |<ref>{{cite news |last=Husseini |first=Shaibu |date=2 November 2019 |title=And the winner is…fiery actress, Sola Sobowale, of Nollywood |newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]] |url=https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/and-the-winner-is-fiery-actress-sola-sobowale-of-nollywood/}}</ref> |- |2023 |[[2023 Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards|Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards]] |Best Supporting Actress |''Anikulapo'' |{{Nom}} |<ref name="Daily Trust 2023">{{cite web | title=‘Anikulapo’ earns 16 nominations at 2023 AMVCA | website=Daily Trust | date=2023-04-22 | url=https://dailytrust.com/anikulapo-earns-16-nominations-at-2023-amvca/ | access-date=2023-06-01 | archive-date=2023-06-01 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230601171815/https://dailytrust.com/anikulapo-earns-16-nominations-at-2023-amvca/ | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Full List: Here are all our AMVCA 9 Nominees |url=https://dstv-fe-africamagic-prod.s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/africamagic/en-ng/show/amvca/season/9/news/full-list-here-are-all-our-amvca-9-nominees/news |access-date=2023-04-23 |website=AMVCA - Full List: Here are all our AMVCA 9 Nominees |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=September 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> |} == Filmography da aka zaba == ===Dan wasan kwaikwayo=== *''Asewo To Re Mecca'' (1992) *''[[Diamond Ring (1998 film)|Diamond Ring]]'' (1998)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tayo |first=Ayomide O. |date=25 July 2018 |title=30 unforgettable Nollywood home videos you should watch |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/classics-30-unforgettable-nollywood-home-videos-you-should-watch/l554mlf |access-date=28 July 2022 |website=Pulse Nigeria |language=en |archive-date=23 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221023222521/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/classics-30-unforgettable-nollywood-home-videos-you-should-watch/l554mlf |url-status=dead }}</ref> *''[[Super Story]]: Oh Father, Oh Daughter'' (2001). *''[[Outkast (film)|Outkast]]'' (2001). *''Ayomida'' (2003) as Executive Director *''Ayomida 2'' (2003) *''[[Dangerous Twins]]'' (2004) *''Disoriented Generation'' (2009) as Ishmael's Aunty *''Ohun Oko Somida'' (2010) *''[[Family on Fire]]'' (2011) *''[[The Wedding Party (Nigerian film)|The Wedding Party]]'' (2016) as Tinuade coker *''[[Hustle (Nigerian TV series)|Hustle]]'' (2016-2018) as Mama Sekinat *''[[Christmas Is Coming (film)|Christmas Is Coming]]'' (2017) as Mrs. Atta *''[[The Wedding Party 2]]'' (2017) as Tinuade Coker *''[[King of Boys]]'' (2018) as Eniola Salami *[[Crazy People (2018 film)|Crazy People]] (2018) as Mrs. Gomez *[[The Men's Club (Nigerian Webseries)|''The Men's Club'']] (2018 - 2020) *''Wives on Strike: The Revolution'' (2019) as Iya'loja *''[[Gold Statue]]'' (2019) as Mrs. Esho *''[[Shadow Parties]]'' (2020) as Amoke *''In Case of Incasity'' (2021) as Alhaja *''[[King of Boys: The Return of the King]]'' (2021) as Eniola Salami *''[[Battle on Buka Street]] (2022) as Asake'' *''[[Aníkúlápó]]'' (2022) *Shanty Town (2023) *Ada Omo Daddy (2023) as Mrs Ireti Balogun *''[[Postcards - Netflix series]] ''(2024) *Double Dekoi (2023) as Madam Shaggy<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sola Sobowale {{!}} Actress, Writer, Producer |url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1417032/ |access-date=2024-06-17 |website=IMDb |language=en-US}}</ref> === Mai tsarawa === *''Ayomida'' (2003) *''Ayomida 2'' (2003) *''Ohun Oko Somida'' (2010) ===Sanannen aiki=== *[[Diamond Ring (1998 film)|Diamond Ring]] *[[Dangerous Twins]] *[[The Wedding Party (2016 film)|The Wedding Party]] *[[The Wedding Party 2]] *[[Christmas Is Coming (film)|Christmas is Coming]] *Hustle *[[King of Boys]] *[[Gold Statue]] *[[King of Boys: The Return of the King|King of Boys 2: Return of the King]] == Duba kuma == * Jerin furodusoshin fim na Najeriya * Jerin mutanen Yarbawa == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Mata]] [[Category:Ƴan Najeriya]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] iovcicbwavab3rm9dodbj7gekjqieno 0 16263 830033 818088 2026-05-05T09:37:41Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 830033 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Solange Yijika fitacciyar 'yar''' fim ce ta [[Kamaru]] <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://mobile.camerounweb.com/CameroonHomePage/entertainment/Top-Cameroonian-actress-Solange-Yijika-is-back-Photos-354613 |title=Top Cameroonian actress, Solange Yijika, is back (Photos) |publisher=CamerounWeb |date=January 22, 2016 |access-date=December 1, 2020 |archive-date=October 19, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201019141108/https://mobile.camerounweb.com/CameroonHomePage/entertainment/Top-Cameroonian-actress-Solange-Yijika-is-back-Photos-354613 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.tiptopstars.com/mtdv/component/content/article/191-solange-yijika-a-step-forward.html |title=Solange Yijika: A Step Forward |last=Kanjo |first=Ernest |date=September 19, 2009 |publisher=Tip Top Stars}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://mobile.camerounweb.com/CameroonHomePage/entertainment/Meet-5-most-talented-young-Cameroonian-actresses-344962 |title=Meet 5 most talented young Cameroonian actresses |date=November 20, 2015 |publisher=CamerounWeb |access-date=December 1, 2020 |archive-date=October 19, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201019144924/https://mobile.camerounweb.com/CameroonHomePage/entertainment/Meet-5-most-talented-young-Cameroonian-actresses-344962 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.tvovermind.com/casting-behold-dreamers-movie/ |title=Casting a "Behold the Dreamers" Movie |last=Aiden |first=Mason |publisher=TVOM}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.dc-comm.com/cameroonian-movie-industry-brenda-shey-the-mother-hen/ |title=INDUSTRY; BRENDA SHEY, THE "MOTHER HEN" |last=Musoro |first=Darlene |date=June 29, 2015 |publisher=DC Communications |access-date=December 1, 2020 |archive-date=November 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211121213001/http://www.dc-comm.com/cameroonian-movie-industry-brenda-shey-the-mother-hen/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> also much present in the Nigerian theatre<ref name=So/> and [[film producer]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://10times.com/atlanta-film-festival/visitors |title=Atlanta Film Festival}}</ref> ma ta kasance a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Nijeriya da furodusan fim , kuma ta kasance mai fafutuka ga mata da yara hakkoki.<ref name=Fr>{{Cite web |url=https://lefilmcamerounais.com/2016/04/26/5actwn-solange-yijika-actrice/ |title=#5ACTWN : SOLANGE YIJIKA – ACTRICE |date=April 26, 2016 |website=Le Film Camerounais }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Ita ce 'yar wasan da aka fi sani a cikin [[Afirka ta Tsakiya (yanki)|yankin Afirka ta Tsakiya]] kuma babbar jigo a bikin Fim na Kasa da Kasa na Kamaru (CAMIFF).<ref name=Ach/> == Rayuwa da ilimi == Yijika ta fito ce daga Arewa maso Yammacin Kamaru. Ta kammala karatu a [[Jami'ar Yaoundé II]], Soa, Kamaru.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://ocamer.org/north-west-elite-call-for-resumption-of-schools/ |title=North West Elite Call For Resumption Of Schools |date=April 20, 2020 |publisher=Ocamer |access-date=December 1, 2020 |archive-date=November 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126033852/https://ocamer.org/north-west-elite-call-for-resumption-of-schools/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ayyuka == Yijika ta kasance muhimmiyar fuska a masana'antar Fina-Finan [[Kamaru]] tun farkon bayyanar ta kusan shekara ta 2005. A cikin kamfe guda biyu na yaki da zazzabin cizon sauro a Kamaru wanda Global Fund for the fight against Malaria, Tuberculosis and Aids ''(Global ta tallafawa don yaki da zazzabin cizon sauro, tarin fuka da cutar kanjamau),'' an yi amfani da ita a matsayin ta na mai kwalliya a cikin fastocin. Ta kuma kasance mai fafutukar tabbatar da adalci ga mata da yara a duniya. Ta kasance jakadiya ce a karo na 1 na Bikin Fina-Finan Duniya na Duniya (CAMIFF) a shekarar 2016.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nollywoodreinvented.com/2013/05/blood-or-wine.html |title=Blood or Wine |date=May 5, 2013 |publisher=Nollywood REinvented}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.tiptopstars.com/mtdv/entertainment/903-movies/457-actress-in-new-movie.html |title=Most desired Cameroonian actress in new movie |last=Kanjo |first=Ernest |date=February 15, 2012 |publisher=Tip Top Stars}}</ref> Yijika ta kasance a cikin masana'antar fina-finai ta Kamaru a yawancin shirye-shirye da yawansu suka kai 20 kuma tana mai karɓar yabo da yawa ne da suka haɗa da AMAA da NAFCA.<ref name=Long/> Ta yi fice a cikin " ''Gwajegwaje na Sha'awa'' " TV Series na 2006, wanda aka nuna a CRTV, inda ta taka rawar "Diana". Daga baya ta kasance a cikin 2008 a cikin " ''Mark of the Absolute'' ", fim ɗin da Asaba Ferdinand ya shirya kuma ya shirya. Na gaba shi ne " ''Land of Shadows'' " na 2009, fim ɗin da Agbor Gilbert Ebot ya shirya kuma Zack Orji da Neba Lawrence suka shirya. Fim din ya kuma fito da Jim Iyke . A waccan shekarar, ita ma ta sake fitowa a fim din " ''Great Pain'' " wanda Neba Lawrence ya bayar da umarni, sannan daga baya, har yanzu a wannan shekarar ta fito a cikin " ''Royal Destiny'' ", wani fim din Kamaru wanda ya hada da Emeka Ike da [[Tonto Dikeh]], 'yan wasan Nollywood biyu. . Ita, a shekarar 2012 da aka fito a cikin " ''Masifa ta Masarauta'' ", fim din da Neba Lawrence ya bayar da umarni, wanda furodusan fim din Amurka mai suna Mairo Sanda da kuma [[Afirka ta Kudu]] mai suna Fred Keyanti suka shirya tare - wadanda suka yaba da kwarewar 'yar wasan.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://cameroonpostline.com/anglophonecelebsshineat/ |title=Anglophone Celebs Shine at |last=Nkeih |first=Precious Meshi |publisher=Cameroon Postpone |date=May 8, 2012 |access-date=December 1, 2020 |archive-date=October 26, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201026081123/https://cameroonpostline.com/anglophonecelebsshineat/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=Fr/><ref name=Long/> Har yanzu a shekarar 2012, an saka ta a fim din Nollywood, " ''Jini ko Wine'' ", wanda Henry Neba Awantoh da Jim Iyke suka shirya kuma Neba Lawrence ya ba da umarnin, wanda [[Ruth Kadiri|Ruth Kadiri ta rubuta]] . A cikin 2013, ta kasance yar takarar don SONNAH Awards. Ta fito a fim din, " ''Decoded'' ", wanda [[Brenda Elung|Brenda Elung ta shirya]] - ita ma 'yar fim ce kuma Akim Macaulay da Enah Johnscott suka ba da umarni a 2013, inda ta yi aiki tare da' yan wasan [[Ghana]] da Kamaru kamar Van Vicker, Jeffery Epule da Desmond Wyte. Ta kasance daya daga cikin masu jagoranci a tattaunawar a 2016 na bikin ba da lambar yabo ta Afirka, wanda aka gudanar a ranar 8 ga Yuli a Cibiyar Taro ta Duniya, [[Abuja]], [[Nijeriya|Najeriya]] tare da [[Richard Mofe-Damijo|Richard Mofe Damijo]], dan wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya kuma dan siyasa. A fim din 2017, " ''Bayyanar da Jaruntaka don Warkarwa'' ", wanda Musing Derick Tening ya bayar da umarni kuma Tessy Eseme ta shirya, ta yi rawar " ''Jazmine Juma'' ". An fara fim din a Landan. An gabatar da ita ce don samun lambar yabo a karo na 2 na lambar yabo ta CAMIFF , wanda aka gudanar tsakanin Afrilu 24-29, 2017 a Buea, [[Kamaru]] tare da wasu 'yan wasan Camerwood da Nollywood suma an tsayar. Ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin masu ɗaukar nauyin CAMIFF 2018 tare da Nollywood Ramsey Nouah.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://cameroonpostline.com/anglophonecelebsshineat/ |title=Anglophone Celebs Shine at |last=Nkeih |first=Precious Meshi |publisher=Cameroon Postpone |date=May 8, 2012 |access-date=December 1, 2020 |archive-date=October 26, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201026081123/https://cameroonpostline.com/anglophonecelebsshineat/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=Fr/><ref name=Long/> == Fina-finai == {| class="wikitable" ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" |Shekara ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Fim ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Matsayi ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Bayanan kula ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Ref. |- | 2017 | ''Bayyana ƙarfin hali don warkarwa'' | | | |- | 2017 - | ''Samba'' | | Jerin talabijan | |- | 2013 | ''An dasa shi'' | | | |- | rowspan="2" | 2012 | ''Jini ko Giya'' | | | |- | ''Masifa da Masarauta'' | | | |- | rowspan="3" | 2009 | ''Destaddara ta Sarauta'' | | | |- | ''Babban zafi'' | | | |- | ''Kasar Inuwa'' | | | |- | 2008 | ''Alamar Cikakke'' | | | |- | 2006 - | ''Gwajin Sha'awa'' | Diana | jerin talabijan | |} == Kyautuka == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Taron ! Kyauta ! Mai karɓa ! Sakamakon |- | 2017 | CAMIFF | ||{{nominated}} |- | 2013 | Kyaututtukan SONNAH | ||{{nominated}} |} == Duba kuma == * Jerin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo na Kamaru == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [https://m.imdb.com/name/nm9053132/bio Tarihin Solange Yijika] akan [[IMDb]] * Yijika Solange * Solange Yijika Official * [https://www.bebeakinboade.com/2013/10/meet-top-cameroonian-actress-solange.html Haɗu da Fitacciyar 'Yar Wasan Kamaru, Solange Yijika] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201027140819/https://www.bebeakinboade.com/2013/10/meet-top-cameroonian-actress-solange.html |date=2020-10-27 }} a kan Mashahurin Buzz [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] nkzj3g7xxhwvvkyat0r9pycdsv1ihl1 0 16366 829653 610388 2026-05-04T20:45:06Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829653 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sana Mouziane''' (an haife ta ne a shekara ta 1980) 'yar wasan fim din [[Morocco]] ce kuma mawaƙiya.<ref name=chicadresse>{{cite web |title=Le mariage de Sana Mouziane & Alan Dearsley |url=https://www.chicadresse.ma/focus-sur-un-mariage/sana-mouziane-alan-dearsley/ |website=Chicadresse |accessdate=10 November 2020 |language=French |date=26 March 2018 |archive-date=28 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028170512/https://www.chicadresse.ma/focus-sur-un-mariage/sana-mouziane-alan-dearsley/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Tarihin rayuwarta == Mouziane an haife ta ne a [[Kasabalanka|Casablanca]] . Lokacin da iyayenta suka sake aure, sai ta koma [[Marrakesh]] . Mouziane ta koma [[Landan|London]] tana da shekara tara. Ta ɗauki darussan kiɗa kuma ta yanke shawarar shiga ƙungiyar mawaƙa don shiga cikin gasa. Tana 'yar shekara 17, Mouziane ta gabatar da waƙarta ta farko a bainar jama'a a bikin Duniya na Darlington. Ta bayyana cewa rayuwarta a Ingila ta ba ta daidaito tsakanin al'adun Yammacin Turai da ilimin Gabas wanda ya ba ta damar gudanar da rayuwarta har zuwa wani lokaci.<ref name="bladi">{{cite news |title=Sanaa Mouziane : Une étoile montante |url=https://www.bladi.net/sanaa-mouziane-cinema.html |accessdate=11 November 2020 |work=Bladi.net |date=27 October 2007 |language=French}}</ref> Mouziane ta fitar da wakarta ta farko "Inta Lhoub" a shekarar 2004. Mouziane ta fara fitowa a fim ne a shekarar 2005, a cikin shirin ''Mata na Bincike na 'Yanci'' wanda daraktan Masar Ines Al Dégheidi ya jagoranta. Fim din ya yi mu'amala da matan da ke zaune a cikin hijira kuma ya zama mai nasara a kasashen Larabawa, inda ya sami lambobin yabo da yawa a bukukuwan fina-finai. Shekarar da ta biyo baya, ta bayyana a cikin ''Ashra Haramy'' . A cikin 2007, Mouziane ta nuna wata mace da ke cikin dangantaka mai girma tare da dan uwan mijinta a ''cikin gonar Samira''.<ref name="jadraoui">{{cite news |last1=Jadraoui |first1=Siham |title=Sanaa Mouziane: «Je me retrouve dans les rôles «audacieux» |url=https://aujourdhui.ma/culture/cinema/sanaa-mouziane-je-me-retrouve-dans-les-roles-audacieux |accessdate=10 November 2020 |work=Aujourdhui Le Maroc |date=25 September 2016 |language=French}}</ref> Ta lashe kyautar yar wasa mafi kyau a wannan rawar a bikin Panafrican na Fim da Talabijin na [[Ouagadougou]] a shekarar 2009. A cikin 2012, Mouziane ta buga Zahra, matar sheikh, a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na tarihi ''L'enfant cheikh'' wanda Hamid Bennani ya jagoranta. Ta kira shi sabon kwarewa, tana aiki a kan fim ɗin da aka saita yayin mulkin mallakar Faransa. Ta yi wasa da Marta, wacce ta gano [[Isa|Yesu]] wanda ta tashi daga matattu, a cikin abubuwan kara kuzari na 2013 na ''Baibul'' . A cikin 2017, Mouziane ta fito a cikin ''La Nuit Ardente'', wanda Bennani ya ba da umarni. Ta ce tana son yin rawar gani.<ref name="linternaute">{{cite web |title=Sana Mouziane «comme nouvelle maman, j’ai beaucoup appris en ligne» |url=http://linternaute.press.ma/sana-mouziane-comme-nouvelle-maman-jai-beaucoup-appris-en-ligne/ |accessdate=10 November 2020 |work=L'internaute |language=French }}{{Dead link|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> [[Fayil:Sana Mouziane, ZOOM7 TV - Apr 28, 2015.jpg|thumb|Sana Mouziane]] Mouziane ta auri injiniya dan Biritaniya Alan Dearsley a ranar 14 ga Fabrairu 2013. A cewarta, soyayya ce ta farko, kasancewar tana da sha'awar al'adun ta. Ma'auratan sun ɗauki hutun amarci a cikin [[Maldives]] . Ta haifi ɗa namiji, Kenzi, a cikin 2014 kuma ta huta daga yin wasan kwaikwayo.<ref>{{cite web |last1=wa Micheni |first1=Mwenda |title=East Africa's Absence felt at Fespaco |url=http://www.africine.org/critique/africine/8490 |website=Africine |accessdate=10 November 2020 |date=29 March 2009 |archive-date=27 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241127113400/http://www.africine.org/critique/africine/8490 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Farag |first1=Khaled |title=Sana Mouziane honeymoons in the Maldives |url=https://www.arabstoday.net/en/103/sana-mouziane-honeymoons-in-the-maldives |accessdate=10 November 2020 |work=Arabs Today |date=25 March 2013}}</ref> == Fina-finai == * 2005: ''Mata a Neman 'Yanci'' * 2006: ''Ashra Haramy'' * 2007: ''Lambun Samira'' * 2008: ''Yanke Sako'' * 2010: ''Ficewar Alkahira'' * 2012: ''L'enfant cheikh'' * 2013: ''Littafi Mai-Tsarki'' (jerin TV) * 2014: ''L'anniversaire'' * 2014: ''Dan Allah'' * 2017: ''La Nuit Ardente'' == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [[imdbname:1981652|Sana Mouziane]] a [[IMDb|Database na Fim ɗin Intanet]] [[category:Rayayyun Mutane]] [[category:Haifaffun 1980]] awb29259ibwng9kseg2sk40h1yalzz8 0 17652 829639 730197 2026-05-04T18:57:07Z ~2026-27086-06 44571 /* Sauran yanar gizo */ 829639 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:View over Girne from Kyrenia Castle - Girne (Kyrenia) - Turkish Republic of North Cyprus (28526175532).jpg|200px|right|thumbnail|File:View over Girne from Kyrenia Castle - Girne (Kyrenia) - Turkish Republic of North Cyprus]] [[File:Coat of arms of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.svg|200px|right|thumbnail|File:Coat of arms of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus]] [[File:Fountain of Lysos, Cyprus 02.jpg|thumb]] [[File:Amphitheatre Bay in Akamas Peninsula, Cyprus 04.jpg|thumb|bakin teku]] '''Arewacin Cyprus''' ( Turkish ), a hukumance '''Jamhuriyar Turkiyya ta Arewacin Cyprus''' ( '''TRNC''' ; Turkish , ''KKTC'' ), yanki ne ''na zahiri'' a arewacin rabin tsibirin Cyprus. Mutane dubu ɗari uku suna rayuwa a cikin 3,335&nbsp;km² [[Turkiyya]] ce kaɗai ƙasar da ta amince da yankin a matsayin jamhuriya mai cin gashin kanta duk da takunkumin ƙasa da ƙasa da ake sakawa. An ci Cyprus da yaƙi kuma ta zama wani ɓangare na [[Daular Usmaniyya]] daga shekarar 1570-1914. Turkawa da yawa sun zama baƙi . Yayin da Daular Ottoman ta goyi bayan daular Birtaniyya a [[Yaƙin Duniya na I|yaƙin duniya na daya]], Turawan Burtaniya suka mamaye Cyprus. A cikin 1923, ta Yarjejeniyar Lausanne Turkiyya ta ba da tsibirin ga Masarautar Burtaniya wanda a cikin 1925 ya mai da shi ya zama masarautar mallaka . Birtaniyyawan sun mallake shi daga 1878 har zuwa 1960. A cikin 1974, don mayar da martani ga wani rikici da ke ƙaruwa da Girka, sojojin Turkiyya sun mamaye Cyprus. Yawancin baƙi daga asalin Turkiyya sun fito daga Turkiyya zuwa arewacin tsibirin. Wannan matakin ya jawo Allah wadai daga kasashen duniya kuma Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ba ta amince da Arewacin Cyprus ba. Tun daga shekarar 1974, Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta kafa layin tsagaita wuta tsakanin Tsibirin Cyprus na Turkiya da Girkawan Cyprus. An kafa <nowiki>'' Jamhuriyar Turkiyya ta Arewacin Cyprus ''</nowiki> a cikin 1983 kuma Rauf Denktash ya zama shugaban ƙasa na farko. An gudanar da shawarwari game da hadadden tsibiri sau da yawa ba tare da nasara ba. [[File:University of Cyprus in Nicosia capital of the Republic of Cyprus 2.jpg|left|thumb|154x154px|jami ar Cyprus]] [[File:Boats near Paphos, Cyprus 1626p.jpg|center|thumb|136x136px|bakin ruwan Cyprus]] [[File:Apostle Andreas Orthodox Church, Polis, Cyprus 02.jpg|thumb|chochi a Cyprus]] Arewacin Cyprus, duk da matsayin da take da shi na kasashen duniya, ya yi fice a tsakanin sauran yankunan "daskararrun rikice-rikice" kamar yadda yake da kyakkyawan tsarin mulki na dimokiradiyya tare da manyan matakan 'yanci na siyasa da kuma shiga tsakani a harkar siyasa. == Sauran yanar gizo == * [http://www.zypern.cc/ Zypern Times] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111028004049/http://www.zypern.cc/ |date=2011-10-28 }} * [http://www.zypern.cc/nordzypern/ Nordzypern Almanac] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120127155931/http://www.zypern.cc/nordzypern/ |date=2012-01-27 }} * [http://www.north-cyprus-information-map.com/ Arewa Cyprus Information Map] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070617205743/http://www.north-cyprus-information-map.com/ |date=2007-06-17 }} Archived - Littafin adireshi da tushen bayanai ga Arewacin Cyprus. Bayanin kamfanin ciki har da taswirar wuri. Tambayoyi na musamman da takamaiman wuraren zama da masu yawon bude ido * [http://www.trncinfo.com Gwamnatin TRNC] * [https://kktc.app/haberler Kıbrıs Haber] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Turkiyya]] [[Category:Turai]] [[Category:Ƙasashen Turai]] sb7y7m7kze6idpw8liq1s4ljqit87iz 829640 829639 2026-05-04T18:57:24Z Quinlan83 13504 Reverted edit by [[Special:Contributions/~2026-27086-06|~2026-27086-06]] ([[User talk:~2026-27086-06|talk]]) to last revision by [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] 730197 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:View over Girne from Kyrenia Castle - Girne (Kyrenia) - Turkish Republic of North Cyprus (28526175532).jpg|200px|right|thumbnail|File:View over Girne from Kyrenia Castle - Girne (Kyrenia) - Turkish Republic of North Cyprus]] [[File:Coat of arms of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.svg|200px|right|thumbnail|File:Coat of arms of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus]] [[File:Fountain of Lysos, Cyprus 02.jpg|thumb]] [[File:Amphitheatre Bay in Akamas Peninsula, Cyprus 04.jpg|thumb|bakin teku]] '''Arewacin Cyprus''' ( Turkish ), a hukumance '''Jamhuriyar Turkiyya ta Arewacin Cyprus''' ( '''TRNC''' ; Turkish , ''KKTC'' ), yanki ne ''na zahiri'' a arewacin rabin tsibirin Cyprus. Mutane dubu ɗari uku suna rayuwa a cikin 3,335&nbsp;km² [[Turkiyya]] ce kaɗai ƙasar da ta amince da yankin a matsayin jamhuriya mai cin gashin kanta duk da takunkumin ƙasa da ƙasa da ake sakawa. An ci Cyprus da yaƙi kuma ta zama wani ɓangare na [[Daular Usmaniyya]] daga shekarar 1570-1914. Turkawa da yawa sun zama baƙi . Yayin da Daular Ottoman ta goyi bayan daular Birtaniyya a [[Yaƙin Duniya na I|yaƙin duniya na daya]], Turawan Burtaniya suka mamaye Cyprus. A cikin 1923, ta Yarjejeniyar Lausanne Turkiyya ta ba da tsibirin ga Masarautar Burtaniya wanda a cikin 1925 ya mai da shi ya zama masarautar mallaka . Birtaniyyawan sun mallake shi daga 1878 har zuwa 1960. A cikin 1974, don mayar da martani ga wani rikici da ke ƙaruwa da Girka, sojojin Turkiyya sun mamaye Cyprus. Yawancin baƙi daga asalin Turkiyya sun fito daga Turkiyya zuwa arewacin tsibirin. Wannan matakin ya jawo Allah wadai daga kasashen duniya kuma Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ba ta amince da Arewacin Cyprus ba. Tun daga shekarar 1974, Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta kafa layin tsagaita wuta tsakanin Tsibirin Cyprus na Turkiya da Girkawan Cyprus. An kafa <nowiki>'' Jamhuriyar Turkiyya ta Arewacin Cyprus ''</nowiki> a cikin 1983 kuma Rauf Denktash ya zama shugaban ƙasa na farko. An gudanar da shawarwari game da hadadden tsibiri sau da yawa ba tare da nasara ba. [[File:University of Cyprus in Nicosia capital of the Republic of Cyprus 2.jpg|left|thumb|154x154px|jami ar Cyprus]] [[File:Boats near Paphos, Cyprus 1626p.jpg|center|thumb|136x136px|bakin ruwan Cyprus]] [[File:Apostle Andreas Orthodox Church, Polis, Cyprus 02.jpg|thumb|chochi a Cyprus]] Arewacin Cyprus, duk da matsayin da take da shi na kasashen duniya, ya yi fice a tsakanin sauran yankunan "daskararrun rikice-rikice" kamar yadda yake da kyakkyawan tsarin mulki na dimokiradiyya tare da manyan matakan 'yanci na siyasa da kuma shiga tsakani a harkar siyasa. == Sauran yanar gizo == * [http://www.zypern.cc/ Zypern Times] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111028004049/http://www.zypern.cc/ |date=2011-10-28 }} * [http://www.zypern.cc/nordzypern/ Nordzypern Almanac] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120127155931/http://www.zypern.cc/nordzypern/ |date=2012-01-27 }} * [http://www.north-cyprus-information-map.com/ Arewa Cyprus Information Map] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070617205743/http://www.north-cyprus-information-map.com/ |date=2007-06-17 }} Archived - Littafin adireshi da tushen bayanai ga Arewacin Cyprus. Bayanin kamfanin ciki har da taswirar wuri. Tambayoyi na musamman da takamaiman wuraren zama da masu yawon bude ido * [http://www.trncinfo.com Gwamnatin TRNC] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Turkiyya]] [[Category:Turai]] [[Category:Ƙasashen Turai]] 81u4zlz4pw8ltnowcokexvus9wey56z 0 18333 829800 617775 2026-05-05T03:36:30Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829800 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Sheikh Abubakr Ahmad (cropped).jpg|thumb|hoton sheik abubakar]] [[Fayil:Grand Mufti Sheikh Abubakr Portrait(cropped).jpg|thumb|Sheikh Abubakr Ahmad]] '''Sheikh Abubakr Ahmad''' An haifeshi ranar 22 ga watan Maris, shekarar 1939; wanda aka fi sani da '''Kāntapuraṃ Ě.pi.''' ko '''Abūbakkar Musliyār''') Babban Mufti ne na ƙasar Indiya.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.khaleejtimes.com/nation/abu-dhabi/education-is-key-to-peace-says-indias-grand-mufti|title=Education is key to peace, says India's Grand Mufti|last=Kumar|first=Ashwani|website=Khaleej Times|language=en|access-date=2020-02-12}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://english.mathrubhumi.com/news/kerala/kanthapuram-elected-as-new-grand-mufti-religion-1.3599882|title=Kanthapuram elected as new Grand Mufti|website=Mathrubhumi|language=en|access-date=2020-02-12|archive-date=2019-02-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190225103254/https://english.mathrubhumi.com/news/kerala/kanthapuram-elected-as-new-grand-mufti-religion-1.3599882|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kozhikode/kanthapuram-selected-grand-mufti-of-india/articleshow/68175547.cms|title=Kanthapuram selected Grand Mufti of India {{!}} Kozhikode News - Times of India|last=Feb 27|first=tnn {{!}}|last2=2019|website=The Times of India|language=en|access-date=2020-02-12|last3=Ist|first3=04:54}}</ref> Shine Shugaban Ƙungiyar musulunci ta Indiya,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/women-need-not-participate-caa-protests-men-aboobacker-musliyar-stokes-row-116996|website=www.thenewsminute.com|access-date=2020-02-12}}</ref> Wanda ya kafa kuma Shugaban Jamia Markaz<ref>{{cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/kerala/the-boys-from-kashmir-how-a-kerala-institute-offers-peace-and-hope-to-children-from-the-valley-5897891/|title=The boys from Kashmir: How a Kerala institute offers peace, and hope, to children from the Valley|date=2019-09-03|website=The Indian Express|language=en-US|access-date=2020-02-12}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.arabnews.com/world/news/677846|title=Scholars call for embracing message of Islam for peace|date=2014-12-22|website=Arab News|language=en|access-date=2020-02-12}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://muslimmirror.com/eng/musliyars-from-gods-own-country-turn-lawyers/|title=Musliyars from God’s own country turn lawyers|last=MuslimMirror|date=2019-11-01|website=Muslim Mirror|language=en-US|access-date=2020-02-12}}</ref> da kuma Babban Sakatare na Dukkan Jami’ar Sunni [[Jamiyyathul Ulama]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://twocircles.net/2015may19/1432051005.html|title=All India Sunni Jamiyyathul Ulama opposes Centre’s move to categorise OBCs in three groups – TwoCircles.net|last=TwoCircles.net|language=en-US|access-date=2020-02-12|archive-date=2020-02-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200212203301/http://twocircles.net/2015may19/1432051005.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ra'ayoyin addini da zamantakewa == [[Fayil:Sheikh Aboobacker Ahmed.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Abubakr Ahmad]] A watan Agustan shekara ta 2014, ya yi Allah wadai da tsattsauran ra'ayin addinin Islama yana mai cewa "Ƙungiyoyin masu tayar da kayar baya kamar ƙungiyar IS (IS) na ƙoƙarin bata sunan wani addini da ke da'awar zaman lafiya da haƙuri da juna."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.arabnews.com/world/news/622616|title=Ruthless activities of ISIS 'against Islamic principles'|work=arabnews.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/kanthapuram-calls-is-enemy-of-islam/article6949883.ece|title=Kanthapuram calls IS enemy of Islam|author=Staff Reporter|work=The Hindu}}</ref> [[Fayil:Sheikh Abubakr Ahmed.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Abubakr Ahmad]] A watan Nuwambar shekara ta 2015, yayi tsokaci game da dai-daiton jinsi yana mai cewa mata ba zasu taɓa zama dai-dai da maza ba.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/1000565/women-only-fit-to-deliver-children-indian-muslim-leader/|title=Women only fit to deliver children: Indian Muslim leader|date=2015-11-29|website=The Express Tribune|language=en-US|access-date=2016-05-22}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india/kerala-muslim-leader-calls-gender-equality-un-islamic/story-tnhDTltppsRiMD407TbzZM.html|title=Kerala Muslim leader calls gender equality ‘un-Islamic’|date=2015-11-29|website=[[Hindustan Times]]|access-date=2016-05-23}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[category:Rayayyun Mutane]] [[category:Haifaffun 1939]] ag7827xhgadb6zd61z2jteuo79dem0v 4 21908 829709 829439 2026-05-04T21:26:14Z AmmarBot 13973 Sabunta shafin sabbin editoci 829709 wikitext text/x-wiki Wannan shafin ya na ƙunshe da sabbin editocin da sukayi rajista a Hausa Wikipedia. Robot yana sabunta wannan shafin duk bayan wasu sa'o'i. Kada ku gyara wannan shafin, duk chanjin da akayi, robot zaya yi overwriting din shi a lokacin sabunta shafin. {| class="wikitable sortable" !Numba !Edita !Gudummuwa !Lokacin rajista |- |1 |[[User:Abdulwaheed free|Abdulwaheed free]] |[[Special:Contributions/Abdulwaheed free|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 3 ga Mayu 2026 |- |2 |[[User:Zhaoyigao|Zhaoyigao]] |[[Special:Contributions/Zhaoyigao|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 3 ga Mayu 2026 |- |3 |[[User:Amgero|Amgero]] |[[Special:Contributions/Amgero|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 3 ga Mayu 2026 |- |4 |[[User:Carpinchopedia|Carpinchopedia]] |[[Special:Contributions/Carpinchopedia|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 3 ga Mayu 2026 |- |5 |[[User:SnazzySnazzles|SnazzySnazzles]] |[[Special:Contributions/SnazzySnazzles|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 3 ga Mayu 2026 |- |6 |[[User:Rndmnss|Rndmnss]] |[[Special:Contributions/Rndmnss|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 3 ga Mayu 2026 |- |7 |[[User:261026CQ|261026CQ]] |[[Special:Contributions/261026CQ|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 3 ga Mayu 2026 |- |8 |[[User:Saadatu maje|Saadatu maje]] |[[Special:Contributions/Saadatu maje|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 3 ga Mayu 2026 |- |9 |[[User:Freetrashbox|Freetrashbox]] |[[Special:Contributions/Freetrashbox|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 3 ga Mayu 2026 |- |10 |[[User:Gvelf|Gvelf]] |[[Special:Contributions/Gvelf|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 3 ga Mayu 2026 |- |11 |[[User:Razakar24|Razakar24]] |[[Special:Contributions/Razakar24|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 3 ga Mayu 2026 |- |12 |[[User:Yasirubk|Yasirubk]] |[[Special:Contributions/Yasirubk|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 3 ga Mayu 2026 |- |13 |[[User:Golgbachev|Golgbachev]] |[[Special:Contributions/Golgbachev|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 3 ga Mayu 2026 |- |14 |[[User:Aysharthss|Aysharthss]] |[[Special:Contributions/Aysharthss|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 3 ga Mayu 2026 |- |15 |[[User:Animaǂ|Animaǂ]] |[[Special:Contributions/Animaǂ|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 3 ga Mayu 2026 |- |16 |[[User:Bishaldev100|Bishaldev100]] |[[Special:Contributions/Bishaldev100|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 3 ga Mayu 2026 |- |17 |[[User:Chrisnnadi555|Chrisnnadi555]] |[[Special:Contributions/Chrisnnadi555|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 3 ga Mayu 2026 |- |18 |[[User:Gedmfc|Gedmfc]] |[[Special:Contributions/Gedmfc|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 3 ga Mayu 2026 |- |19 |[[User:T. 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''[http://www.rogerblench.info/Ethnoscience/Diseases/Boze%20medical%20terminology.pdf Boze medical terminology and diseases]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}''. Cambridge: Kay Williamson Educational Foundation.</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== <references/> [[Category:Kiwon lafiya]] [[Category: Cututtuka]] m3wulpovqw582bk4slhj9lkz88kwj4n 0 23169 829647 310546 2026-05-04T19:25:46Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829647 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Women's 400m podium at Doha 2019.jpg|thumb|yayin Nasara]] '''Salwa Eid Naser''' (née Ebelechukwu Agbapuonwu). An haife ta a ranar 23 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta 1998. A halin yanzu an dakatar da haifaffiyar 'yar asalin kasar Bahrain 'yar tseren tsere na tsere kuma ta kware a tseren mita 400. Ita ce zakarar duniya ta shekarar 2019 tare da mafi kyau na dakika 48.14, ta zama mafi ƙanƙanta-kuma mace ta farko da ta fara cin nasarar gasar a Gasar Duniya. Lokacin tana matsayi na uku a jerin kowane lokaci, a bayan Marita Koch (47.60; 1985) da Jarmila Kratochvílová (47.99; 1983). A mita 400, 'yar shekara 19 kawai, ita ce ta lashe kyautar azurfa ta duniya ta shekarar 2017. Ta kuma yi nasara, a matsayinta na memba na kungiyar Bahrain da ke hade da jinsi mita 4x400, a matsayin lambar tagulla ta Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta shekarar 2019. == Farkon Rayuwa == An haifi Salwa Eid Naser Ebelechukwu Antoinette Agbapuonwu a ranar 23 ga Mayu 1998 a Onitsha, Anambra, ga mahaifiya ‘yar Nijeriya kuma mahaifin Bahraini da aka haifa. Mahaifiyarta ta yi tsere a tseren tseren mita 100 da 200 a makaranta kuma da sauri ta gano ikon tsere. Tana da shekara 11, a gasar tsere ta farko da ta yi a makaranta ta yi nasara a mita 100, sannan daga baya 400 m. Malamarta ta dage kan cewa zata samar da mai tsaran mita 400 don haka ta fara mai da hankali kan nesa. Kafin Naser ya kasance 14, dangin sun koma Bahrain. A shekarar 2014, ta sauya sheka zuwa Bahrain, ta musulunta, ta kuma canza sunanta. Lokacin da aka tambaye ta a shekara ta 2017 game da matsayinta, ta ce, "shekaru uku da suka gabata sun kasance babban canji a gare ni" kuma ba ta son yin tsokaci game da alakarta da Tarayyar Wasannin Wasannin Tsere na Najeriya. A shekarar 2019, ta ce ta yi farin ciki cewa mutane a Najeriya na murnar cin nasarar ta.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://stillmed.olympic.org/media/Document%20Library/OlympicOrg/News/2020/06/Medal%20reallocations_%20IOC%20EB_2.pdf |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2021-07-27 |archive-date=2020-06-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200611044535/https://stillmed.olympic.org/media/Document%20Library/OlympicOrg/News/2020/06/Medal%20reallocations_%20IOC%20EB_2.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Rayuwa da Nasarori == Eid Naser ta kasance tseren mita 400 na shekarar 2014 na Matasan Wasannin Olympic da kuma zakaran Matasan Duniya na shekarar 2015, kafin daukar lambar farko ta farko (zinare) mai shekaru 17 a wasannin Duniya na Soja na shekarar 2015. Ita ce wacce ta lashe lambobin yabo da yawa na Wasannin Asiya, Gasar Asiya, da sauran manyan sojoji ko gasa-yanki, duka daban-daban da kuma kan wasannin. Sau biyu 400 m zakaran gasar zakarun Diamond. A ranar 30 ga watan Yuni, shekara ta 2021, aka sanar cewa an hana Salwa Eid Naser har zuwa watan Fabrairun shekarar 2023, saboda gazawa uku. Ba a gwada ta ba saboda doping sau 19 tsakanin 12 ga watan Afrilu da 24 Nuwamba, Shekara ta 2019 (babu bayanan da za a samu a bainar jama'a game da gwajin gasar da ta gabata kafin / bayan).  An fara dakatar da ita na wucin gadi a watan Yunin shekarar 2020 sannan kotun ladabtarwa ta AIU ta wanke ta a watan Oktoba. CAS ta daukaka kara daga WA (da WADA ).  Daya daga cikin mambobin kwamitin uku ya nuna rashin amincewa da shawarar.<ref>https://www.olympicchannel.com/en/stories/features/detail/400m-world-champion-salwa-eid-naser-transformation/</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun Mutane]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1998]] eb9in0ldahch3x9n9e6t7o33ld9kr95 0 24416 829779 505790 2026-05-05T02:09:10Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829779 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Shamarpa_teaching,_from_his_website.jpg|thumb|265x265px| Koyarwar Shamarpa ta 14]] [[Fayil:Shamarpa 1.jpg|thumb|shamarpa]] '''Shamarpa''' ( Tibetan, yana nufin “Mutum (ma’ana mai Rike da) Jan Kambi)”<ref name="bodhipath">{{cite web |last=Karmapa International Buddhist Institute's translation team. |title=A Brief History of the Karmapa-Shamarpa Lineages |url=http://www.bodhipath-west.org/lineage2.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080509133749/http://www.bodhipath-west.org/lineage2.htm |archive-date=May 9, 2008 |access-date=2008-05-23}}</ref> kuma an san shi da ''Shamar Rinpoche'', ko kuma wanda aka fi sani '''Künzig Shamar Rinpoche''', shine na biyu a matsayi a cikin mutanen [[Tulku|Tulkus]]. Yana daya daga cikin mafi daukaka daga dangin [[Karma Kagyu]] na makarantar [[Tibetan Buddhism]] kuma ana daukan shi a matsayin ruhin [[Amitābha]]. Shamarpa, Drakpa Senggé na farko (Wylie: ''grags pa seng+ge'', 1283–1349),<ref>{{cite web |title=grags pa seng+ge |url=http://www.tbrc.org/#!rid=P70 |access-date=29 May 2015 |website=Tibetan Buddhist Resource Center |publisher=Tibetan Buddhist Resource Center}}</ref> ya samu lakabin sa "Shamarpa" da jan kambin, iri daya da bakin kambi na mutanen Karmapa daga[[3rd Karmapa, Rangjung Dorje|Karmapa, Rangjung Dorje ta uku]], wanda ya assasa dangi na biyu na wanda ake sake halitta na addinin Tibetan na Buddisanci.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shamar Rinpoche dies suddenly at age 62 - Lion's Roar |url=https://www.lionsroar.com/shamar-rinpoche-dies-suddenly-at-age-62/ |access-date=2021-08-28 |archive-date=2021-08-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210828221201/https://www.lionsroar.com/shamar-rinpoche-dies-suddenly-at-age-62/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Gaphel |first=Tenzin |date=June 12, 2014 |title=Shamar Rinpoche passes away in Germany |url=https://tibetexpress.net/426/shamar-rinpoche-passes-away-in-germany/ |access-date= |website=The Tibet Express |publisher= |quote=}}</ref> [[Karmapa]] shine na farko. Ana kiran Shamarpa da “Jan Hulan Karmapa” musamman a rubuce-rubucen Kagyu na farko.<ref>Yeshe Dronma: The Kunzig Shamarpas of Tibet 1992, P. 19.</ref><ref>Shabkar Tsogdruk Rangdrol. "The Life of Shabkar: Autobiography of a Tibetan Yogin". Translated by Matthew Ricard. Shambala Publication, 2001, p. 91, footnote 18</ref> == Dangin Shamarpa == Shamarpa da ake daukan su a matsayin cikakkun sake halitta an lissafo su a cikin "''The Garland of Moon Water Crystal''" daga Situpa Chökyi Jungne da Belo Tsewang Künkhyab na takwas.<ref>{{cite web |archive-date=2008-05-17 |last        =Khenpo Chodrag Tenpel |title      =A brief account of the successive Shamarpa reincarnations |url        =http://www.vienna-dharma-projects.org/English/VDF/Portraits/shamarpahistory.htm |access-date  =2008-05-23 |url-status    =dead |archive-url  =https://web.archive.org/web/20080517141141/http://www.vienna-dharma-projects.org/English/VDF/Portraits/shamarpahistory.htm}}</ref> [[File:Sharmapa_Lama,_Chodag_Yeshe_Palzang,_the_4th_Shamar_Rinpoche_(1453-1554)_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|thumb| Chodag Yeshe Palzang, Shamar Rinpoche na 4, zanen ƙarni na 16 daga Gidan Tarihin Rubin]] [[File:Sixth_Shamar_Mipam_Chokyi_Wangchug_(1584-1630)_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|thumb| Mipam Chokyi Wangchug, (1584-1630) Shamar Rinpoche na 6, zanen ƙarni na 16 daga Gidan Tarihin Rubin na Rubin]] # Khedrup Drakpa Senge a shekara ta (1284 zuwa shekara ta 1349) shine babban almajirin Karmapa na uku . # Shamar Khachö Wangpo a shekara ta (1350 zuwa shekara ta 1405) Karmapa na 4 ya gane shi. # Shamar Chöpal Yeshe shekara ta (1406 zuwa shekara ta 1452). Chöpal Yeshe ya shahara saboda ya gina gidajen ibada da cibiyoyi da dama. Ya kuma sami damar kawar da aikin hadayar dabbobi a yankunan Tibet inda wannan al'ada ta ci gaba. # Karmapa na bakwai 7 ya gane Shamar Chokyi Drakpa Yeshe Pal Zangpo a shekara ta (1453 zuwa shekara ta 1526), wanda ya zama Lama. Shahararren sufi na Tibet Ga Mamo Tashi Rabten ne ya kafa shi. Ya kuma kafa ƙananan gidajen ibada da yawa. A lokacin tafiyarsa a wajen Tibet, Chökyi Tragpa ya gina gidajen ibada da dama, a tsakanin wasu akwai gidajen ibada guda huɗu a [[Bhutan]] kuma shine farkon Shamar ya sake dawowa ya ziyarci [[Nepal]] inda ya gina ƙaramin gidan sufi a Swayambhunath, ɗayan wurare mafi alfarma na ƙasar. Bayan ya dawo [https://web.archive.org/web/20030209221710/http://www.bodhipath-west.org/ ƙasarsa], ya zama sarkin Tibet na tsawon shekaru goma sha biyu kuma ya yi mulkin ƙasar bisa tsananin bin ƙa'idodin Buddha. # Shamar Köncho Yenlak a shekara ta (1526 zuwa shekara ta 1583) ta Karmapa ta takwas 8 . Ya kuma gane kuma ya zama Lama na Karmapa na tara 9 . # Shamar Mipan Chökyi Wangchuk a shekara ta (1584 zuwa shekara ta 1629) an gane da 9th Karmapa wanda ya zama babban Lama. cf https://www.tbrc.org/#!rid=P1432 # Shamar Yeshe Nyinpo a shekara ta (1631 zuwa shekara ta 1694) Karmapa ta goma 10 ta gane shi, kuma ya zama almajirin Karmapa. # An haifi Palchen Chökyi Döndrup a shekara ta(1695 zuwa shekara ta 1732) a Yilmo, [[Nepal]] kuma an kai shi Tibet yana ɗan shekara bakwai 7. Ya kuma karɓi koyarwa da umarni daga Karmapa na sha daya 11 kafin mutuwarsa. Shamarpa bi da bi, an gane shi kuma ya naɗa Karmapa na sha biyu 12 a matsayin Karmapa na sha biyu12 kuma ya zama Tushen-guru. <ref name="shamar-reinc" /> # Könchog Geway Jungnay shekara ta (1733 zuwa shekara ta 1741) an haife shi a Paro a [[Bhutan]] , kuma Karmapa na 13 ya gano shi, amma ya rayu har zuwa shekaru tara{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=June 2014}} # Mipam Chödrup Gyamtso shekara ta (1742 zuwa shekara ta 1793) shine ɗan uwan ɗan Panchen Lama na shidda 6, Lobsang Palden Yeshe shekara ta (1738 zuwa shekara ta 1780). Tai Situ Rinpoche takwas ne suka koyar da shi, sannan kuma ya gane Tai Situ Rinpoche na tara. Shamar Tulku ya shafe shekaru da yawa yana rayar da Dharma a Tibet. Musamman, Shamar Tulku yayi yunƙurin kawo koyarwar Kagyu zuwa tsakiyar Tibet, wanda ya kasance tangarɗar manyan ƙungiyoyin siyasa na Gelugpa a lokacin, tare da taimakon ɗan'uwansa Panchen Lama na shidda 6 na zuriyar Gelugpa. Bayan aiwatar da wannan aikin Shamarpa ya tafi aikin hajji zuwa Nepal. A cewar wasu kafofin, wata muhawara a kan da'awar wa stepbrother ta kaya gado ya kai ga wani makamai rikici a cikin abin da Shamarpa maƙarƙashiya tare da Nepalese Gurkha sojoji a shekara ta 1788. <ref>Norbu, Thubten Jigme and Turnbull, Colin. 1968. ''Tibet: Its History, Religion and People''. Reprint: Penguin Books, 1987, p. 272.</ref> A cewar wasu majiyoyi, yayin da Shamarpa ke aikin hajji zuwa Nepal, fada ya barke tsakanin Gurkhas na Nepale da Tibet. Shamarpa yayi yunƙurin yin zaman lafiya da shiga tsakani a rikicin. A cikin Tibet mashahurin ministan Gelugpa Tagtsag Tenpai Gonpo ya ga damar cire wata barazanar siyasa da ake ganin ta mallaki dukiya. Ya yada jita -jita cewa Shamarpa ne ke iza wutar fada kuma ya kwace gidan sufi na Yang Chen daga Shamarpa. An tuba da sufaye zuwa makarantar Gelug. Daga baya gwamnati ta ba da umarni cewa duk gidajen ibada na Shamarpa dole ne su koma makarantar Gelug. <ref name="Black-Hat-Lama-10th-Shamarpa" /> <ref name="RR-10th-Shamarpa" /> Wannan, da sauran jayayya tsakanin makarantun Gelug da Kagyu sun kai ga gudun hijira daga Tibet na Shamarpa da dokar Tibet da gwamnatin Tibet ta hana a ci gaba da zama cikin Shamarpa <ref name="shamar-reinc" /> Wannan haramcin ya ci gaba da kasancewa har sai bayan Dalai Lama ya rasa iko a Tibet yayin shekara ta 1950, kodayake daga baya an bayyana cewa Karmapa ya gane sake yin Shamarpa a asirce a lokacin shiga tsakanin. <ref>Douglas Nik, White Meryl : Karmapa, the Black Hat Lama of Tibet. London, Luzac & Company Ltd., 1976. P. 151.,</ref> # Ba a sani ba, ana tsammanin gwamnatin Tibet ta tilasta ta buya. # Tugsay Jamyang shekara ta (1895 zuwa shekara ta 1947 ) ɗan Karmapa na 15 ne . Koyaya, an yi rikodin cewa ya koyar kuma yayi addinin Buddha a matsayin ɗan adam. # Tinlay Kunchap a shekara ta (1948zuwa shekara ta 1950), jariri ne wanda ya tsira kaɗan kaɗan fiye da shekara guda # Mipham Chokyi Lodro shekara ta (1952 zuwa shekara ta 2014) an haife shi a Derge, Tibet kuma yana ɗan shekara huɗu Karmapa na 16 ya gane shi. Ya mutu a ranar 11 ga watan Yuni shekara ta 2014 a Jamus. == Bayar da lakabin Shamar == Bayan mutuwar Shamarpa na tara 9, an gano yara daban -daban guda biyu a matsayin wadanda za su iya zama 'yan takarar zama reincarnation: daya shine Mipam Chödrup Gyamtso, dan uwan dan Panchen Lama na 6; ɗayan kuma shine Könchok Garwang Gyatso (དཀོན་ མཆོག་ གར་ དབང་ རྒྱ་ མཚོ) na dangin Namseling (རྣམ་ སྲས་ གླིང). An warware rigimar da yawa: An jawo sunan Mipam Chödrup Gyamtso kuma an nada shi sarautar a matsayin Shamarpa ta goma 10. An kira Könchok Garwang Gyatso a matsayin Shamar Trisur ko "tsohon Shamarpa"; a cewar wasu asusun, "ya yi murabus" bayan cacar, yana nuna cewa da farko an naɗa shi sarauta. A kowane hali, Shamar Trisur ya zauna a gidan danginsa a Namseling Manor, kusa da Samye Monastery, kuma ya zama lama. Bayan mutuwarsa a shekara ta 1792, an gano reincarnation, yana kafa zuriyar da aka sani da suna Namling Shamar. Lamling Shamar na baya -bayan nan shi ne na biyar, wanda Karmapa sha biyar 15 shekara ta (1871 zuwa shekara ta 1922) ta gano shi kuma ya rayu har zuwa a shekara ta 1982. == Rigima == A cikin shekara ta 1792 gwamnatin Tibet ta zargi Shamarpa ta goma 10 da ingiza yaki tsakanin Tibet da Nepal . An fitar da shi daga jihar Tibet kuma an sanya haramcin sa a cikin abubuwan da zai zo nan gaba daga amincewa da shi a hukumance. <ref>[https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9D0CE6DB133FF930A35751C0A9669C8B63&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=all "The New York Times"] Retrieved on December 24, 2008.</ref> Wani masanin ilimin Tibeto na zamani ya tabbatar da cewa wannan fassarar tarihin ba daidai ba ne kuma ya nuna cewa Shamarpa ce ta shiga tsakani a wannan rikici. Sharhin Gyalwa Karmapa na goma sha shida akan wannan lokacin shine: “Girmama yana ƙara ƙanƙanta. Akwai tsangwamar siyasa da yawa. Baƙi ya zama fari. Hakikanin ya zama na gaskiya. A wancan lokacin ba abu ne mai yiyuwa ba a san wani ko sanin Shamarpa. An boye komai. Abubuwan da ke cikin jiki sun bayyana, amma ba a bayyana su ba. ” <ref>Douglas Nik, White Meryl : Karmapa, the Black Hat Lama of Tibet. London, Luzac & Company Ltd., 1976, P. 151.</ref> A shekarar 1963, bayan bukatar Karmapa ta sha shidda 16, gwamnatin Tibet da ke gudun hijira ta dage haramcin. <ref>[http://www.bodhipath.org/karmapa_shamarpa/ "The Karmapa and Shamarpa Lineages"]{{Dead link|date=December 2017}} Retrieved on December 22, 2008.</ref> An nada Shamar Rinpoche na 14 a sarauta, kuma bayan kammala karatunsa a shekara ta 1979 ya fara aikin koyarwa mai yawa. <ref>https://www.diamondway-buddhism.org/buddhist-teachers/shamar-rinpoche/</ref> Wani sabani ya fara ne a shekara ta 1992, yayin neman da karrama Gyalwa Karmapa na goma sha bakwai 17. An sami rarrabuwa tsakanin Karma Kagyu sangha kan zaɓen 'yan takarar Karmapa guda biyu. Rikicin Karmapa yana da ban sha'awa kuma yana da sarkakiya, kuma yana da asali a cikin tarihin Tibet na ƙiyayya, kuma yana da alaƙa da siyasar China da Indiya ma. 'Yan takarar Karmapa Ogyen Trinley Dorje da Thaye Dorje sun hadu da juna, kuma sun ba da sanarwar hadin gwiwa da ke kira da hadin kai, da fatan samun Shamar Rinpoche na sha biyar 15 tare. == 14 Shamarpa == Shamarpa ta sha hudu 14 ita ce Mipham Chokyi Lodro, an haife shi a Derge, Tibet a shekara ta 1952. Yana ɗan shekara huɗu ya bayyana asalinsa a matsayin Shamarpa ta hanyar gane tsoffin sufaye daga gidan sufi na Yangpochen, wurin kakannin Shamarpas. Kawunsa, Karmapa na 16, ya gane shi a matsayin reincarnation na Shamarpa na baya. A cikin she KARA shekara ta 1964 Shamar Rinpoche na sha hudu 14 ya hau gadon sarauta a cikin gidan sufi na Rumtek na Karmapa. A wannan lokacin Karmapa ya rubuta waka: : Mafi ɗaukaka, ubangijin ƙasashen dusar ƙanƙara shine Avalokiteśvara. : Haɗuwa da asalinsa shine Karmapa mai ɗaukaka. : Ba za a iya raba shi daga asirinsa guda uku ba, kamar yadda ubangiji uku suke, : Shine bayyanarsa, babban emanation; babbar rana, : Wanda nake saka hannun jari yanzu shine mai mulkin tsarin jinsi. : Da ikon warwatsa furanni masu kyawun kyawawan halaye : Haɗe da kalmomin gaskiya na gaskiyar ṛiṣhi : Bari ya yi nasara kuma har abada ya kasance mai ikon yin oda. <ref>Karma Trinlay Rinpoche: The 14th Shamarpa Mipham Chokyi Lodro In Loving Memory, pg. 6</ref> Shamar Rinpoche ya karɓi duk tsarin koyarwar Kagyu daga Karmapa na sha bakwai 16. Ya kasance kusa da Karmapa na sha shidda 16 har zuwa mutuwarsa a shekara ta 1981. Shamar Rinpoche yana sha'awar batun addinin Buddha da dimokuradiyya . Littafinsa "Samar da Dimokuraɗiyya Mai Fassara" ya shimfida wani tsari na kafa tsarin mulkin demokraɗiyya na gaskiya wanda ke inganta walwala da wadata. Ya kuma kafa “Gidauniyar Tausayi Ta Ƙarshe” tare da dalilin inganta jin daɗin ɗan adam na dabbobin da aka kiwon don cin nama da sauran samfura. == Duba kuma == * Drikungpa * Karmapa == Nassoshi == == Hanyoyin waje == * [http://www.shamarpa.org Shamarpa Official shafin yanar gizo] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090412104326/http://www.shamarpa.org/ |date=2009-04-12 }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160109090605/http://www.karmatrinlay.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/KTRs-tribute-to-Shamarpa.pdf Mai ba da tarihin rayuwar Shamar Rinpoche na 14 ta Karma Trinlay Rinpoche] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] q7bynl1wph93nylq0xxknii2h3r9leh 0 26798 829939 502559 2026-05-05T08:05:20Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829939 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:2016-08-13_Sona_Jobarteh_016.jpg |thumb|Mawakiya ƴar kasar ]] [[File:GambiaFilm.png |thumb|Tambarin fim ɗin kasar]] [[Fayil:ECDM 20220818 FL TheGambia.pdf|thumb|gambiya]] [[Fayil:Shops in Gambia 20051111-124753 (4118079697).jpg|thumb|Gambiya]] '''Sinima a Gambiya:''' Ta kasu daban-daban. Akwai fina-finan Gambiya da yawa waɗanda ba za a manta da su ba kamar: Roots (1977 miniseries, Beyond: An African Surf Documentary, Gambia: Take Me to learn My Root, Hand of Fate (fim), Jaha's Promise, Jangi Jollof . Akwai Shirye-shiryen Fina-Finai da yawa da Fina-finan da aka yi a [[Gambiya]] kamar: The Mirror Boy, Gambia, The Smiling Coast. Akwai da yawa Gambiya film gudanarwa kamar: Mariama Khan, Prince Bubacarr Aminata Sankanu . Akwai jaruman fina-finan Gambiya da yawa kamar: [[Rosaline Meurer]] . Akwai masu shirya fina-finan Gambiya da yawa kamar su: Yarima Bubacarr Aminu<nowiki>'''</nowiki>yaSinima a Gambiya Sankanu. Ba za mu iya mantawa da su biyun ba: Ibrahim Ceesay, Cinekambiya International Film Festival . == Fina-finan Gambia == === Bayan: Takardun Surf na Afirka === "Beyond - KundinSurf na Afirka" ya biyo bayan mazauna yankin gabar tekun Maroko, Yammacin Sahara, Mauritaniya, Senegal da Gambia zuwa cikin gidajensu, suna ziyartar wuraren hawan igiyar ruwa na gida tare da duba rayuwarsu ta hawan igiyar ruwa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Beyond - An African Surf Documentary|url=https://www.reelhouse.org/nomadearth/beyondsurfmovie|access-date=2021-11-03|website=www.reelhouse.org|language=en|archive-date=2021-11-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211103212425/https://www.reelhouse.org/nomadearth/beyondsurfmovie|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{Citation|last=Video|first=XTreme|title=Watch Beyond, an African Surf Documentary Online {{!}} Vimeo On Demand|date=2018-04-24|url=https://vimeo.com/ondemand/beyondafricansurf|access-date=2021-11-03}}</ref> <ref>{{Citation|title=Beyond: An African Surf Documentary (2017) - IMDb|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt7583464/plotsummary|access-date=2021-11-03}}</ref> Yana kai mu ga bakin tekun Morocco, Mauritaniya, Senegal da Gambia. Wannan shirin ya ƙunshi tarihi, al'adu da salon rayuwar mazauna da kuma matafiya na Turai a gabar tekun Afirka.<ref>{{Cite web|title=BEYOND - an African Surf Documentary|url=https://surfersmag.de/articles/beyond-an-african-surf-documentary.html|access-date=2021-11-03|website=Surfers Mag|language=en-US}}</ref> Duk da manyan bambance-bambance, akwai babbar hanyar haɗin kai ɗaya - Surfing.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Beyond – An African Surf Documentary|url=https://www.austrianfilms.com/film/the_old_the_young__the_sea_beyond|access-date=2021-11-03|website=www.austrianfilms.com|language=de}}</ref> Ƙungiyar tana ɗaukar kyawawan shimfidar wurare, cikakkun raƙuman ruwa da mutanen da suke saduwa da su.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Beyond - An African Surf Documentary|url=https://filminstitut.at/en/movies/beyond-an-african-surf-documentary|access-date=2021-11-03|website=Österreichisches Filminstitut|language=en}}</ref> === Gambiya: Ka ɗauke ni in Koyi Tushena<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-08-15|title=TAKE ME TO GAMBIA|url=https://mobiusmedia.co.uk/take-me-to-gambia/|access-date=2021-11-03|website=Mobius Media|language=en-GB|archive-date=2021-11-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211105191423/https://mobiusmedia.co.uk/take-me-to-gambia/|url-status=dead}}</ref> === Kai Ni Don Koyi Tushena ya ɗauke mu tafiya zuwa Gambiya da al'adu da rayuwar da waɗannan mutane ke rayuwa.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-06-15|title=Film Review: Bud Sugar's Documentary - Gambia: Take Me To Learn My Roots|url=https://celebmix.com/film-review-bud-sugars-documentary-gambia-take-me-to-learn-my-roots/|access-date=2021-11-03|website=CelebMix|language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref>{{Citation|title=Gambia: Take Me To Learn My Roots (Film)|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lARRJgjEkyw|language=en|access-date=2021-11-03}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|last=Bax|first=Bacary|title=Gambia: Take Me To Learn My Roots|date=2019-05-16|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt10462632/|type=Documentary|publisher=Vibe Tribe|access-date=2021-11-03}}</ref> Wannan fim ne game da abokai da aka rasa kuma aka samu abokai. Mahaifiyar uwa mara aure manufa don koya wa 'ya'yanta mazan jiya game da tushensu na Yammacin Afirka. Labari da ya shafe shekaru 30 ana yinsa, wanda ya wuce tsararraki 3, mil 4,000 daga gida, kuma wata waƙa ta musamman ta dawo da rayuwa.<ref>{{Citation|last=Bax|first=Bacary|title=Gambia: Take Me To Learn My Roots|date=2019-05-16|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt10462632/|type=Documentary|publisher=Vibe Tribe|access-date=2021-11-03}}</ref> === Hand of Fate (fim)<ref>{{Citation|title=The Making of "The Hand of Fate"|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3mb3GPac-Tc|language=en|access-date=2021-11-02}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=The Hand of Fate Teaser Scene|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cKcRf70PcWk|language=en|access-date=2021-11-02}}</ref> === "The Hand of Fate" wanda aka zaɓe shi a matsayin "Mafi kyawun Fim na Ƴan Asalin" a Nollywood da African Film Critics' Awards (African Oscars) da aka gudanar a Washington DC a ranar 14 ga Satumba, 2013, wanda kuma aka nuna shi a Habasha a matsayin wani ɓangare na Afirka. Bikin cika shekaru 50 na ƙungiyar.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ibrahim Ceesay is Gambian ‘Personality of the Year’ - The Point|url=https://thepoint.gm/africa/gambia/article/ibrahim-ceesay-is-gambian-personality-of-the-year|access-date=2021-11-02|website=thepoint.gm|language=en-US}}</ref> A halin yanzu, an zaɓi Daraktan fim na “The Hand of Fate” Ibrahim Ceesay a matsayin Mafi Darakta da John Charles Njie, wanda aka zaɓa a matsayin Mafi kyawun Jarumi, don Kyautar Nollywood da Afirka. “Hannun Ƙaddara ya binciko jigon auren wuri da munanan illolinsa ga ci gaban ‘yan mata. Yana haifar da tambayoyi a ƙoƙarin nemo wasu amsoshi ga wannan lamari na al'ada. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Gambian actress nominated for an African Oscar Award - The Point|url=https://thepoint.gm/africa/gambia/article/gambian-actress-nominated-for-an-african-oscar-award|access-date=2021-11-02|website=thepoint.gm|language=en-US}}</ref> === Jaha's Promise === Jaha's Promise fim ne mai ban sha'awa wanda ke biye da Jaha - wani ɗan gwagwarmaya mai ban mamaki wanda, yana da shekaru 26, an gane shi a cikin 2016 a matsayin ɗayan "Mutane 100 Mafi Tasirin Mujallar Time" - yayin da take balaguro a duk faɗin duniya tana aiki a matsayin wakili mai ƙarfi na canji.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Jaha's Promise|url=https://www.jayu.ca/jahas-promise|access-date=2021-11-02|website=JAYU|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-11-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211102170035/https://www.jayu.ca/jahas-promise|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Jaha's Promise {{!}} Human Rights Watch Film Festival|url=https://ff.hrw.org/film/jahas-promise|access-date=2021-11-02|website=ff.hrw.org}}</ref> da kuma game da samun ƙarfin hali don tunkarar mahaifinta, ƴan siyasa da al'ummar da ke kewaye da ita. Fim mai ƙarfi game da mace mai ƙarfi. Cike da danyen wasan kwaikwayo na rikice-rikice na sirri, iyali, addini da siyasa, "Alkawarin Jaha" labari ne na ban mamaki na canjin mutum da zamantakewa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Jaha's Promise|url=https://www.filmplatform.net/product/jahas-promise/|access-date=2021-11-02|website=FILM PLATFORM - Educational Rights and Screening Licenses|language=en-US|archive-date=2020-08-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806072844/https://www.filmplatform.net/product/jahas-promise/|url-status=dead}}</ref> === Jangi Jollof === Labarin ya nuna irin rayuwar wani matashi ɗan ƙasar Gambia, inda ya ba da labarin irin gwagwarmayar da ya yi na samun ilimin jami'a.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-07-04|title=Sabally launches first movie Jangi Jollof|url=https://standard.gm/sabally-launches-first-movie-jangi-jollof/|access-date=2021-11-03|website=The Standard Newspaper Gambia}}</ref> "Jangi Jollof" ya ba da tarihin rayuwar Momodou Sabally, wanda yana ɗaya daga cikin daliban da suka fara karatun jami'a a Gambia.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Gambia's First Biopic Grabs Honours At Special Movie Awards – The Fatu Network|url=https://fatunetwork.net/the-gambias-first-biopic-grabs-honours-at-special-movie-awards/|access-date=2021-11-03|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-11-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211105192407/https://fatunetwork.net/the-gambias-first-biopic-grabs-honours-at-special-movie-awards/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Mutane da yawa sun yaba da shi a matsayin babban tushen zaburarwa ga dubban matasa 'yan Gambiya da ke buƙatar amincewa da kai da yunƙurin zama a gida Fim ɗin na iya zama babban tushen ƙarfafawa da jagora ga matasa.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-07-04|title=Sabally launches first movie Jangi Jollof|url=https://standard.gm/sabally-launches-first-movie-jangi-jollof/|access-date=2021-11-03|website=The Standard Newspaper Gambia}}</ref> tare da waƙoƙin sauti waɗanda ke haskaka kyau da zurfin abubuwan al'adun Gambia.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-07-04|title=Sabally launches first movie Jangi Jollof|url=https://standard.gm/sabally-launches-first-movie-jangi-jollof/|access-date=2021-11-03|website=The Standard Newspaper Gambia}}</ref> Manyan 'yan wasan su sun yi jerin gwano don lambar yabo ta musamman na Movie Awards (SMA) 2018 a daren da aka gudanar a Tekun Djembe.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Gambia's First Biopic Grabs Honours At Special Movie Awards – The Fatu Network|url=https://fatunetwork.net/the-gambias-first-biopic-grabs-honours-at-special-movie-awards/|access-date=2021-11-03|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-11-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211105192407/https://fatunetwork.net/the-gambias-first-biopic-grabs-honours-at-special-movie-awards/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Monica Davies ta lashe lambar yabo ta Mafi kyawun Jarumin Mata saboda rawar da ta taka a Jangi Jollof, yayin da kyautar mafi kyawun wasan kwaikwayo ta tafi ga marubucin littafin "Jangi Jollof" wanda ya zaburar da rubutun da ya zama fim din suna daya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Gambia's First Biopic Grabs Honours At Special Movie Awards – The Fatu Network|url=https://fatunetwork.net/the-gambias-first-biopic-grabs-honours-at-special-movie-awards/|access-date=2021-11-03|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-11-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211105192407/https://fatunetwork.net/the-gambias-first-biopic-grabs-honours-at-special-movie-awards/|url-status=dead}}</ref> === Welcome to the Smiling Cost: Rayuwa a Ghetto na Gambiya === Welcome to the Smiling Cost wani shiri ne mai tsayin daka wanda ke ba da cikakken haske game da rayuwar yau da kullun na matasa goma sha biyar waɗanda ke fafutukar samun abin dogaro da kai a ƙarshen masana'antar yawon buɗe ido ta Gambiya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Welcome to the Smiling Coast (2016)|url=https://www.caribbeancreativity.nl/welcome-to-the-smiling-coast/|access-date=2021-11-04|website=Caribbean Creativity|language=en-US}}</ref> Ko da yake ita ce ƙasa mafi ƙanƙanta a yankin Afirka, Gambiya ta zama wurin yawon buɗe ido saboda yanayin dumin da take da shi, da yawan namun daji da kuma kusancin arha.<ref>{{Cite web|title=New Documentary Film on Tourism, Development and Migration in the Gambia {{!}} H-AfrLitCine {{!}} H-Net|url=https://networks.h-net.org/node/15766/discussions/155738/new-documentary-film-tourism-development-and-migration-gambia|access-date=2021-11-04|website=networks.h-net.org}}</ref> == Fina-finan da aka shirya a Gambia == === Gambia, The Smiling Cost === === The Mirror Boy === * The Mirror Boy tafiya ce mai ban mamaki a cikin Afirka, ana gani ta idanun wani yaro ɗan shekara 12, Tijan. Bayan fadan titin London, inda wani yaro dan unguwar ya ji rauni, mahaifiyar Tijan ta yanke shawarar mayar da shi tushensu, zuwa Gambia. A lokacin da suka isa birnin Banjul, Tijan ya ci karo da wani abin mamaki, wani yaro ya yi masa murmushi ta madubi ya bace. Ganin wannan yaron a wata kasuwa mai cunkoson jama’a a washegari ya sa Tijan ya samu kansa a bace. Yayin da mahaifiyar Tijjan cikin firgici ke ta faman neman danta, Tijan ya bar shi shi kadai a tare da wani saurayin madubi mai ban mamaki, da alama a gare shi kawai. Bayan wani biki na ruhaniya mai rauni, The Mirror Boy ya ɗauki Tijan a kan tafiya mai ban mamaki, amma ba duka ba ne abin da ake gani. === Roots (1977 miniseries)<ref>{{Cite book|last=Hasan|first=Asma Gull|url=https://books.google.com.eg/books?id=ncTEcoynNr0C&pg=PA14&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=American Muslims: The New Generation Second Edition|date=2002-06-12|publisher=A&C Black|isbn=978-0-8264-1416-8|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Schenectady Gazette - Google News Archive Search|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=MgwhAAAAIBAJ&dq=roots%20the%20next%20generations%20ratings&pg=1194,7147519|access-date=2021-11-04|website=news.google.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Ottawa Citizen - Google News Archive Search|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=t0MzAAAAIBAJ&dq=cost%20abc%20$6%20million%20and%20ran%2012%20hours&pg=5309,265933|access-date=2021-11-04|website=news.google.com}}</ref> === Ba wanda yake son ganin Roots. Wannan shine hukuncin da cibiyar sadarwa ta ABC ta Amurka ta yanke a shekarar 1977. Sun biya dala miliyan 6.6 (wanda ba a taɓa jin labarinsa ba a lokacin) don samar da masana'anta bisa ga mafi kyawun mai siyar da Alex Haley wanda ya ba da labarin tafiyar kakanninsa na Afirka daga ƙasarsu ta asali, ta jiragen bayi, zuwa gonakin Amurka.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Bernstein|first=Jonathan|date=2016-05-31|title=Roots, episode 1, review: 'Brit actor Malachi Kirby is exceptional in this powerful remake'|language=en-GB|work=The Telegraph|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/tv/2016/05/31/roots-episode-1-review-brit-actor-malachi-kirby-is-astonishing-i/|access-date=2021-11-04|issn=0307-1235}}</ref> "Wasan kwaikwayo, bisa littafin Alex Haley, ya samo asali da yawa na dangin bawa, wanda ya fara da Kunta Kinte, wani matashi na Afirka ta Yamma wanda 'yan kasuwa bayi suka sace kuma aka aika zuwa Amurka.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Fields|first=Curt|date=2007-10-05|title=30 Years Later, 'Roots' Remains a Stirring Story|language=en-US|url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/10/04/AR2007100400834.html|access-date=2021-11-04|issn=0190-8286}}</ref> == Fina-finan da aka yi a Gambia == === Gambia, Smiling Cost === === The Mirror Boy === == Daraktocin fina-finan Gambiya == === Mariama Khan === Mariama Khan, ƴar Gambia ce mai tushen Senegal, 'yar fim ce, mai fafutukar al'adu, malami kuma farfesa, a halin yanzu tana koyar da Tarihin Afirka da wayewar Afirka a Kwalejin Lehman da ke New York. Binciken da ta mayar da hankali a yanzu ya haɗa da dangantakar Gambia da Senegal, al'adu, zirga-zirgar kan iyaka da kasuwanci da ƙungiyoyin addini a Senegambia. Ita ce ta kafa Documentary Film Initiative-The Gambia da Makane Kane Center for Creative Arts ayyukan, wanda a halin yanzu a tsare. Ta yi magana game da abubuwan da ta samu game da hoto mai motsi, al'adun sinima a Gambiya, da kuma matsayinta na mai fafutukar al'adu da ƙwararru. Ms Khan matashiya ce ƴar ƙasar Gambia wacce ta yi aiki a ofishin mata kuma a matsayin Sakatare Janar na Ofishin Shugaban Gambia kafin ta koma Amurka. === Yarima Bubacarr Aminata Sankanu === Fitaccen masanin fina-finan ƙasar Gambia, mai shirya fina-finai kuma 'yar jarida, Yarima Bubacarr Aminata Sankanu, ya kafa tarihi a ranar Litinin, 5 ga Satumba 2016 ta zama mutum na farko ɗan ƙasar Gambia da aka zaba ta hanyar dimokradiyya a matsayin dan takara a zaben Jamus na 2017. == Ƴan fim na Gambia == Fitacciyar jarumar fina-finan Nollywood kuma ƴar agaji Rosaline Meurer ta samu lambar yabo ta musamman kan tallafin jakada ga uwa da yara a taron La Mode Green October da aka gudanar jiya a Oriental Hotel, Legas. Rosaline Meurer 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Najeriya, abin koyi kuma mai ba da taimako an haife ta a Gambia inda ta yi karatunta na farko. Ta kuma yi difloma a fannin sarrafa kasuwanci kuma ta yi karatun Hoto. == Masu shirya fina-finan Gambiya == Yarima Bubacarr Aminata Sankanu == Ibrahim Cesay == Ibrahim ɗan zaman lafiya ne kuma mai shirya fina-finai da ya samu lambar yabo wanda ya samu karramawa bisa gudunmawar da ya bayar na tsawon shekaru 12 a fagen fafutukar samar da zaman lafiya da gina kasa. A halin yanzu yana aiki a matsayin Babban Daraktan Kafa na Ƙungiyar Ƙwararru (AYAS). wanda kuma mai fafutukar tabbatar da adalci a zamantakewa. == Cinekambiya Bikin Nuna Fina-finai na ƙasa da ƙasa == CineKambiya International Film Festival (CIFF) biki ne na shekara-shekara musamman don fina-finai da aka yi a cikin harsunan asali waɗanda ba koyaushe ake la'akari da su ta manyan bukukuwa a Turai da Arewacin Amurka ba.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-12-28|title=About - Cinkekambiya International Film Festival (CIFF)|url=http://www.cinekambiyainternationalfilmfestival.org/about.html|access-date=2021-11-02|website=web.archive.org|archive-date=2017-12-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171228160913/http://www.cinekambiyainternationalfilmfestival.org/about.html|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref> Gambia, ba ta da tsarin horar da fina-finai na yau da kullun. Bikin zai jawo hankalin jama'a don tallan fim amma don haɓaka samar da gida mai ɗorewa, Don ƙirƙirar kasuwa don fina-finai na Gambia tare da manufofin farko na amfani da wasan kwaikwayo da fasahar gani da sauti azaman kayan aikin ci gaban al'umma mai dorewa a cikin The Gambia, Afirka da kuma kasashen waje. == Nassoshi == {{reflist|2}} {{Sinima a Afrika}} [[Category:Sinima a Afrika]] [[Category:Gambiya]] 9hge019dmu20wvsp3vqmep98w13mnwd 0 26904 829940 608455 2026-05-05T08:11:28Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829940 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Mohamed_ben_attia_2015.jpg |thumb| Mohamed ben attia]] [[File:Tunisianfilm.png |thumb| Taswirar fim din kasar ]] Sinima a Tunisiya na nufin masana'antar finafinai ta '''[[Tunisiya|Tunisia]]''' ta fara ne a cikin Shekarar 1896, lokacin da 'yan'uwan Lumière suka fara nuna fina-finai masu rai a titunan [[Tunis]].<ref name=screens_uis>{{cite web|title=Table 8: Cinema Infrastructure – Capacity|url=http://stats.uis.unesco.org/unesco/TableViewer/tableView.aspx?ReportId=5542|publisher=UNESCO Institute for Statistics|access-date=November 5, 2013|archive-date=December 24, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181224225516/http://data.uis.unesco.org/?ReportId=5542|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=screens_uis/><ref name=distributors_uis>{{cite web|title=Table 6: Share of Top 3 distributors (Excel)|url=http://stats.uis.unesco.org/unesco/ReportFolders/reportFolders.aspx|publisher=UNESCO Institute for Statistics|access-date=November 5, 2013|archive-date=December 24, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181224225508/http://data.uis.unesco.org/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=prod_avg_uis>{{cite web|title=Average national film production|url=http://www.uis.unesco.org/culture/Documents/average-film-production-2009.xls|publisher=UNESCO Institute for Statistics|access-date=November 5, 2013|archive-date=October 23, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131023181712/http://www.uis.unesco.org/culture/Documents/average-film-production-2009.xls|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=adm_gross_uis>{{cite web|title=Table 11: Exhibition – Admissions & Gross Box Office (GBO)|url=http://stats.uis.unesco.org/unesco/TableViewer/tableView.aspx?ReportId=5538|publisher=UNESCO Institute for Statistics|access-date=November 5, 2013|archive-date=December 24, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181224225511/http://data.uis.unesco.org/?ReportId=5538|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Tarihi == A cikin 1919, an yi fim ɗin farko mai tsayin fasali a Arewacin Afirka: ''Les Cinq gentlemen maudits'' ( ''The Five La'ananne Gentlemen'' ) a Tunisiya. A cikin 1924, Samama-Chikli ya ba da umarnin wani fim mai matsakaicin tsayi mai suna ''Ain Al-Ghazal'' ( ''Yarinyar daga Carthage'' ) don haka ya sa ya zama ɗaya daga cikin masu shirya fina-finai na farko a Arewacin Afirka.<ref name="cff">{{Cite web|url=http://www.jccarthage.org/eng/cinema_tunisien.php|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081028003651/http://www.jccarthage.org/eng/cinema_tunisien.php|url-status=dead|title=History of Tunisian Cinema|archivedate=October 28, 2008}}</ref> A cikin 1966, fim ɗin farko na Tunisiya (minti 95) ''Al-Fajr'' ( ''The Dawn'' ) Omar Khlifi ne ya ba da umarni kuma ya shirya shi; an haska shi akan fim ɗin 35 mm .<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://africine.org/|title=Africiné - le leader mondial du cinéma africain et diaspora|website=Africiné|access-date=2021-11-09|archive-date=2021-03-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210309182853/http://www.africine.org/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Tunisiya kuma ta karbi bakuncin bikin fina-finai na Carthage wanda ke gudana tun 1966. Bikin dai ya ba da fifiko ga fina-finai daga kasashen Larabawa da na Afirka. Shi ne bikin fina-finai mafi daɗewa a nahiyar Afirka.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/Sections/Awards/Carthage_Film_Festival/|title=Carthage Film Festival Page on IMDB|access-date=June 29, 2018|archive-date=December 27, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091227031932/http://www.imdb.com/Sections/Awards/Carthage_Film_Festival/|url-status=dead}}</ref> A cikin 1927, kamfanin farko na rarraba fina-finai na Tunisiya, Tunis-Film, ya fara ayyukansa. Bayan samun ƴancin kai, Société Anonyme Tunisienne de Production et d'Expansion Cinématographique (SATPEC) ne ke shirya fina-finai na musamman waɗanda ke sarrafa fina-finai da shirya fina-finai a ƙasar a lokacin. Duk da haka, a cikin shekarun 1980s, kamfanoni masu zaman kansu da kamfanoni masu zaman kansu sun fito kuma suna so su mayar da Tunisiya Hollywood Hollywood. Furodusa Tarak Ben Ammar, ɗan wasila Bourguiba, ya yi nasarar jawo wasu manyan kamfanoni masu samarwa don yin harbi a cikin ɗakin studio ɗinsa a Monastir . An yi fim ɗin manyan fina-finai na ƙasashen waje a Tunisia ciki har da Roman Polanski 's ''Pirates'' da Franco Zeffirelli 's ''Jesus of Nazareth''. Bayan da ya ziyarci Tunisiya George Lucas ya yaudare shi ta hanyar kyawawan dabi'u da tsoffin gine-gine na wasu garuruwan Kudancin Tunisiya inda ya yanke shawarar yin fina-finai masu mahimmanci na ''Star Wars'', da kuma ''Indiana Jones.'' Haka kuma, Anthony Minghella ya yi fim ɗin wanda ya lashe lambar yabo ta Academy ''The Patient'' a cikin yankin kudu maso yamma na ƙasar. Shirye-shiryen cikin gida ba su da yawa: ƴan fina-finan da aka yi tun 1967 sun yi ƙoƙari su nuna sabon yanayin zamantakewa, ci gaba, bincike na ainihi, da girgizar zamani. Wasu daga cikinsu sun sami nasarar dangi a wajen Tunisiya, kamar ''La Goulette'' ( ''Halq El-Wadi'' 1996) wanda Ferid Boughedir ya jagoranta wanda ya nuna yanayin rayuwar al'umma a cikin ƙaramin yanki na La Goulette a lokacin da Musulmai, Yahudawa da Kirista suka zauna tare. cikin haƙuri da zaman lafiya. ''Halfaouine: Yaron Filaye'' ( ''Asfour Stah'' 1990), kuma na Boughedir, mai yiyuwa ne babban nasara a tarihin sinimar Tunisiya. Fim ɗin ya nuna rayuwar ɗan yaro daga yankin Halfaouine na Tunis a cikin shekarun 60s, akan neman fahimtar alaƙa, duniyar mata, da yadda ake zama namiji. A wani fim din da ya gabata mai suna Man of Toka ( ''Rih Essed'' 1986) Boughedir ya sake nuna al'ummar Tunisiya ba tare da tsoro ko son rai ba, wanda ya shafi karuwanci, ilimin yara, da alakar addinai tsakanin Musulmin Tunisiya da Yahudawan Tunisiya. A cikin fim din 1991 ''Bezness'', ya yi magana game da yawon shakatawa na jima'i da ke tasowa a cikin kasar. ''Jakadun'' (As-Soufraa 1975) wanda Naceur Ktari ya jagoranta sun bayyana rayuwar baƙi Maghrebins a Faransa da kuma gwagwarmayarsu da wariyar launin fata. Fim din ya lashe lambar yabo ta Golden Tanit don mafi kyawun hoto a lokacin bikin fina-finai na Carthage a cikin 1976, kyautar juri na musamman daga Locarno International Film Festival a cikin wannan shekarar kuma an rarraba shi a cikin nau'in ''Un Certain Regard'' a lokacin 1978 Cannes Film Festival . Ƴar wasan Tunisiya ta farko ita ce Haydée Chikly, wacce ta fito a cikin gajeren fim, ''Zohra'' a 1922. Fim ɗin farko da mace ta shirya shine ''Fatma 75'' (1975) ta Selma Baccar . Fina-finan da suka biyo baya kamar su Néjia Ben Mabrouk 's ''Sama'' (1988) da Moufida Tlatli 's ''The Silences of Palace'' (1994). A cikin 2007, an shirya fina-finai da yawa kuma sun ɗaukar hankalin jama'a, irin su ''Making Of,'' wanda Nouri Bouzid ya ba da umarni da ''VHS Kahloucha na'' Nejib Belkadi. A cikin 2013, Abdellatif Keshishi shine darektan Tunisia na farko da ya lashe kyautar Palme D'Or. A fim ɗinsa mai suna ''Blue Is the Dumest Color'' ya raba kyautar da jaruman fina-finansa guda biyu. A ranar 21 ga Maris, 2018, ƙasar ta buɗe birnin al'adu na farko, wani aiki irinsa a [[Afirka]] da ƙasashen Larabawa, dake tsakiyar birnin [[Tunis]] . Rukunin ya ƙunshi gidajen wasan kwaikwayo da yawa, gidajen sinima, allo, wuraren zane-zane da tarihin tarihi, dakunan baje koli, gidan kayan gargajiya na zamani da na zamani, cibiyar littattafai ta ƙasa da cibiyar saka hannun jari na al'adu. An buɗe Cineplex na farko a [[Tunisiya]] a cikin kantin Tunis City [[Tunis|a Tunis]] a cikin Disamba 2018, ya ƙunshi fuska 8 kuma Les Cinémas Gaumont Pathé ne ke sarrafa shi. Les Cinémas Gaumont Pathé an saita wasu nau'i-nau'i guda biyu don buɗewa a cikin shekaru masu zuwa, wanda ke dauke da allon 8 a sabon mall na birnin Azur a Banlieu Sud na Tunis da kuma ɗayan 6 fuska a Sousse . Sarkar otal La cigale ta sanar a cikin 2017, cewa tana gina otal tare da kantin sayar da kayayyaki da mahara na fuska 10 a Gammarth, Banlieue Nord na [[Tunis]] kuma an saita shi don buɗewa a cikin 2020. Tun daga Nuwamba 2019, akwai allo 41 a duk faɗin [[Tunisiya]] . === Zaɓen naɗin na kyauta ta Academy Award === Tunisiya ta ƙaddamar da fina-finai don lambar yabo ta Academy don Mafi kyawun Fim ɗin Harshen Waje ba bisa ƙa'ida ba tun 1995. Cibiyar Nazarin Hotunan Hoto da Kimiyya ta Amurka ce ke ba da lambar yabo a kowace shekara ga hoton fim mai tsayi da aka samar a wajen Amurka wanda ke kunshe da tattaunawar da ba ta Ingilishi ba.<ref name="Rules">{{cite web|title=Special Rules for the Best Foreign Language Film Award |publisher=[[Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences]] |url=http://www.oscars.org/80academyawards/rules/rule14.html |access-date=September 6, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080820102724/http://www.oscars.org/80academyawards/rules/rule14.html |archive-date=August 20, 2008 }}</ref> Tun daga shekarar 2021, an gabatar da fina-finan Tunisiya guda bakwai don lambar yabo ta Academy don Mafi kyawun Fim na Duniya. An zabi mutumin da ya sayar da fatarsa a matsayin lambar yabo ta Academy Award for Best International Feature Film kuma shine fim na farko na Tunisia da aka zaba don kyautar Oscar.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/amp/news/romania-first-oscar-nomination-collective-tunisia-man-who-sold-his-skin|title=Romania Earns First Oscar Nomination for 'Collective,' Tunisia for 'The Man Who Sold His Skin'|date=March 15, 2021|website=www.hollywoodreporter.com}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} == Ƙara karantawa == * Robert Lang, ''Sabon Cinema na Tunisiya: Alamomin Resistance'', Jami'ar Columbia Press, 2014,  * Florence Martin, "Cinema da Jiha a Tunisiya" a cikin: Josef Gugler (ed. ) ''Fim a Gabas ta Tsakiya da Arewacin Afirka: Rarraba Ƙirƙira'', Jami'ar Texas Press da Jami'ar Amirka a Alkahira Press, 2011,  , , shafi 271-283 {{Sinima a Afrika}} [[Category:Sinima a Afrika]] [[Category:Tunisiya]] 15c49oq9ruc8qc6s7zl6t8tqmz5hmzp 829941 829940 2026-05-05T08:11:30Z KiranBOT 35988 cire bin AMP daga URLs ([[:m:User:KiranBOT/AMP|cikakkun bayanai]]) ([[User talk:Usernamekiran|rahoton kuskure]]) v2.2.9s 829941 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Mohamed_ben_attia_2015.jpg |thumb| Mohamed ben attia]] [[File:Tunisianfilm.png |thumb| Taswirar fim din kasar ]] Sinima a Tunisiya na nufin masana'antar finafinai ta '''[[Tunisiya|Tunisia]]''' ta fara ne a cikin Shekarar 1896, lokacin da 'yan'uwan Lumière suka fara nuna fina-finai masu rai a titunan [[Tunis]].<ref name=screens_uis>{{cite web|title=Table 8: Cinema Infrastructure – Capacity|url=http://stats.uis.unesco.org/unesco/TableViewer/tableView.aspx?ReportId=5542|publisher=UNESCO Institute for Statistics|access-date=November 5, 2013|archive-date=December 24, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181224225516/http://data.uis.unesco.org/?ReportId=5542|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=screens_uis/><ref name=distributors_uis>{{cite web|title=Table 6: Share of Top 3 distributors (Excel)|url=http://stats.uis.unesco.org/unesco/ReportFolders/reportFolders.aspx|publisher=UNESCO Institute for Statistics|access-date=November 5, 2013|archive-date=December 24, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181224225508/http://data.uis.unesco.org/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=prod_avg_uis>{{cite web|title=Average national film production|url=http://www.uis.unesco.org/culture/Documents/average-film-production-2009.xls|publisher=UNESCO Institute for Statistics|access-date=November 5, 2013|archive-date=October 23, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131023181712/http://www.uis.unesco.org/culture/Documents/average-film-production-2009.xls|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=adm_gross_uis>{{cite web|title=Table 11: Exhibition – Admissions & Gross Box Office (GBO)|url=http://stats.uis.unesco.org/unesco/TableViewer/tableView.aspx?ReportId=5538|publisher=UNESCO Institute for Statistics|access-date=November 5, 2013|archive-date=December 24, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181224225511/http://data.uis.unesco.org/?ReportId=5538|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Tarihi == A cikin 1919, an yi fim ɗin farko mai tsayin fasali a Arewacin Afirka: ''Les Cinq gentlemen maudits'' ( ''The Five La'ananne Gentlemen'' ) a Tunisiya. A cikin 1924, Samama-Chikli ya ba da umarnin wani fim mai matsakaicin tsayi mai suna ''Ain Al-Ghazal'' ( ''Yarinyar daga Carthage'' ) don haka ya sa ya zama ɗaya daga cikin masu shirya fina-finai na farko a Arewacin Afirka.<ref name="cff">{{Cite web|url=http://www.jccarthage.org/eng/cinema_tunisien.php|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081028003651/http://www.jccarthage.org/eng/cinema_tunisien.php|url-status=dead|title=History of Tunisian Cinema|archivedate=October 28, 2008}}</ref> A cikin 1966, fim ɗin farko na Tunisiya (minti 95) ''Al-Fajr'' ( ''The Dawn'' ) Omar Khlifi ne ya ba da umarni kuma ya shirya shi; an haska shi akan fim ɗin 35 mm .<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://africine.org/|title=Africiné - le leader mondial du cinéma africain et diaspora|website=Africiné|access-date=2021-11-09|archive-date=2021-03-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210309182853/http://www.africine.org/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Tunisiya kuma ta karbi bakuncin bikin fina-finai na Carthage wanda ke gudana tun 1966. Bikin dai ya ba da fifiko ga fina-finai daga kasashen Larabawa da na Afirka. Shi ne bikin fina-finai mafi daɗewa a nahiyar Afirka.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/Sections/Awards/Carthage_Film_Festival/|title=Carthage Film Festival Page on IMDB|access-date=June 29, 2018|archive-date=December 27, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091227031932/http://www.imdb.com/Sections/Awards/Carthage_Film_Festival/|url-status=dead}}</ref> A cikin 1927, kamfanin farko na rarraba fina-finai na Tunisiya, Tunis-Film, ya fara ayyukansa. Bayan samun ƴancin kai, Société Anonyme Tunisienne de Production et d'Expansion Cinématographique (SATPEC) ne ke shirya fina-finai na musamman waɗanda ke sarrafa fina-finai da shirya fina-finai a ƙasar a lokacin. Duk da haka, a cikin shekarun 1980s, kamfanoni masu zaman kansu da kamfanoni masu zaman kansu sun fito kuma suna so su mayar da Tunisiya Hollywood Hollywood. Furodusa Tarak Ben Ammar, ɗan wasila Bourguiba, ya yi nasarar jawo wasu manyan kamfanoni masu samarwa don yin harbi a cikin ɗakin studio ɗinsa a Monastir . An yi fim ɗin manyan fina-finai na ƙasashen waje a Tunisia ciki har da Roman Polanski 's ''Pirates'' da Franco Zeffirelli 's ''Jesus of Nazareth''. Bayan da ya ziyarci Tunisiya George Lucas ya yaudare shi ta hanyar kyawawan dabi'u da tsoffin gine-gine na wasu garuruwan Kudancin Tunisiya inda ya yanke shawarar yin fina-finai masu mahimmanci na ''Star Wars'', da kuma ''Indiana Jones.'' Haka kuma, Anthony Minghella ya yi fim ɗin wanda ya lashe lambar yabo ta Academy ''The Patient'' a cikin yankin kudu maso yamma na ƙasar. Shirye-shiryen cikin gida ba su da yawa: ƴan fina-finan da aka yi tun 1967 sun yi ƙoƙari su nuna sabon yanayin zamantakewa, ci gaba, bincike na ainihi, da girgizar zamani. Wasu daga cikinsu sun sami nasarar dangi a wajen Tunisiya, kamar ''La Goulette'' ( ''Halq El-Wadi'' 1996) wanda Ferid Boughedir ya jagoranta wanda ya nuna yanayin rayuwar al'umma a cikin ƙaramin yanki na La Goulette a lokacin da Musulmai, Yahudawa da Kirista suka zauna tare. cikin haƙuri da zaman lafiya. ''Halfaouine: Yaron Filaye'' ( ''Asfour Stah'' 1990), kuma na Boughedir, mai yiyuwa ne babban nasara a tarihin sinimar Tunisiya. Fim ɗin ya nuna rayuwar ɗan yaro daga yankin Halfaouine na Tunis a cikin shekarun 60s, akan neman fahimtar alaƙa, duniyar mata, da yadda ake zama namiji. A wani fim din da ya gabata mai suna Man of Toka ( ''Rih Essed'' 1986) Boughedir ya sake nuna al'ummar Tunisiya ba tare da tsoro ko son rai ba, wanda ya shafi karuwanci, ilimin yara, da alakar addinai tsakanin Musulmin Tunisiya da Yahudawan Tunisiya. A cikin fim din 1991 ''Bezness'', ya yi magana game da yawon shakatawa na jima'i da ke tasowa a cikin kasar. ''Jakadun'' (As-Soufraa 1975) wanda Naceur Ktari ya jagoranta sun bayyana rayuwar baƙi Maghrebins a Faransa da kuma gwagwarmayarsu da wariyar launin fata. Fim din ya lashe lambar yabo ta Golden Tanit don mafi kyawun hoto a lokacin bikin fina-finai na Carthage a cikin 1976, kyautar juri na musamman daga Locarno International Film Festival a cikin wannan shekarar kuma an rarraba shi a cikin nau'in ''Un Certain Regard'' a lokacin 1978 Cannes Film Festival . Ƴar wasan Tunisiya ta farko ita ce Haydée Chikly, wacce ta fito a cikin gajeren fim, ''Zohra'' a 1922. Fim ɗin farko da mace ta shirya shine ''Fatma 75'' (1975) ta Selma Baccar . Fina-finan da suka biyo baya kamar su Néjia Ben Mabrouk 's ''Sama'' (1988) da Moufida Tlatli 's ''The Silences of Palace'' (1994). A cikin 2007, an shirya fina-finai da yawa kuma sun ɗaukar hankalin jama'a, irin su ''Making Of,'' wanda Nouri Bouzid ya ba da umarni da ''VHS Kahloucha na'' Nejib Belkadi. A cikin 2013, Abdellatif Keshishi shine darektan Tunisia na farko da ya lashe kyautar Palme D'Or. A fim ɗinsa mai suna ''Blue Is the Dumest Color'' ya raba kyautar da jaruman fina-finansa guda biyu. A ranar 21 ga Maris, 2018, ƙasar ta buɗe birnin al'adu na farko, wani aiki irinsa a [[Afirka]] da ƙasashen Larabawa, dake tsakiyar birnin [[Tunis]] . Rukunin ya ƙunshi gidajen wasan kwaikwayo da yawa, gidajen sinima, allo, wuraren zane-zane da tarihin tarihi, dakunan baje koli, gidan kayan gargajiya na zamani da na zamani, cibiyar littattafai ta ƙasa da cibiyar saka hannun jari na al'adu. An buɗe Cineplex na farko a [[Tunisiya]] a cikin kantin Tunis City [[Tunis|a Tunis]] a cikin Disamba 2018, ya ƙunshi fuska 8 kuma Les Cinémas Gaumont Pathé ne ke sarrafa shi. Les Cinémas Gaumont Pathé an saita wasu nau'i-nau'i guda biyu don buɗewa a cikin shekaru masu zuwa, wanda ke dauke da allon 8 a sabon mall na birnin Azur a Banlieu Sud na Tunis da kuma ɗayan 6 fuska a Sousse . Sarkar otal La cigale ta sanar a cikin 2017, cewa tana gina otal tare da kantin sayar da kayayyaki da mahara na fuska 10 a Gammarth, Banlieue Nord na [[Tunis]] kuma an saita shi don buɗewa a cikin 2020. Tun daga Nuwamba 2019, akwai allo 41 a duk faɗin [[Tunisiya]] . === Zaɓen naɗin na kyauta ta Academy Award === Tunisiya ta ƙaddamar da fina-finai don lambar yabo ta Academy don Mafi kyawun Fim ɗin Harshen Waje ba bisa ƙa'ida ba tun 1995. Cibiyar Nazarin Hotunan Hoto da Kimiyya ta Amurka ce ke ba da lambar yabo a kowace shekara ga hoton fim mai tsayi da aka samar a wajen Amurka wanda ke kunshe da tattaunawar da ba ta Ingilishi ba.<ref name="Rules">{{cite web|title=Special Rules for the Best Foreign Language Film Award |publisher=[[Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences]] |url=http://www.oscars.org/80academyawards/rules/rule14.html |access-date=September 6, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080820102724/http://www.oscars.org/80academyawards/rules/rule14.html |archive-date=August 20, 2008 }}</ref> Tun daga shekarar 2021, an gabatar da fina-finan Tunisiya guda bakwai don lambar yabo ta Academy don Mafi kyawun Fim na Duniya. An zabi mutumin da ya sayar da fatarsa a matsayin lambar yabo ta Academy Award for Best International Feature Film kuma shine fim na farko na Tunisia da aka zaba don kyautar Oscar.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/romania-first-oscar-nomination-collective-tunisia-man-who-sold-his-skin-4148403|title=Romania Earns First Oscar Nomination for 'Collective,' Tunisia for 'The Man Who Sold His Skin'|date=March 15, 2021|website=www.hollywoodreporter.com}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} == Ƙara karantawa == * Robert Lang, ''Sabon Cinema na Tunisiya: Alamomin Resistance'', Jami'ar Columbia Press, 2014,  * Florence Martin, "Cinema da Jiha a Tunisiya" a cikin: Josef Gugler (ed. ) ''Fim a Gabas ta Tsakiya da Arewacin Afirka: Rarraba Ƙirƙira'', Jami'ar Texas Press da Jami'ar Amirka a Alkahira Press, 2011,  , , shafi 271-283 {{Sinima a Afrika}} [[Category:Sinima a Afrika]] [[Category:Tunisiya]] sh24yi4lacyc2al2gprszow38shlxwt 0 26917 829992 504195 2026-05-05T09:23:39Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829992 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg|thumb|Tutar Saudi Arabia ]] [[Fayil:Saudi Arabian Soldier 1944.jpg|thumb|sojan saudi arebiya]] [[Fayil:Saudi soldiers, Mecca, 1979.JPG|thumb|sojojin makka]] '''Royal Saudi Land Forces''' ( {{Lang-ar|القُوَّاتُ البَرِّيَّةُ المَلَكِيَّة السُّعُودِيَّة}} ''Al-Quwwat al-Bariyah al-Malakiyah as-Sa'udiyah'' ) reshe ne na sojojin yaƙin ƙasa na Saudiyya. Yana daga cikin Ma'aikatar Tsaro ta (Saudiyya), wanda daya 1 ne daga cikin sassa biyu 2 na soja na gwamnatin Saudiyya, tare da ma'aikatar tsaro na kasar.<ref name="global security">{{cite web |url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/gulf/rslf. |title=Royal Saudi Land Forces |website=www.globalsecurity.org |access-date=2006-12-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151029195526/http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/gulf/rslf.htm |archive-date=2015-10-29 |url-status=live}}</ref> == Tarihi == [[File:DF-ST-92-08022-C.jpg|thumb| Rukunin M-113 APCs da sauran motocin soja na Royal Land Forces na Royal Saudi Land Forces suna tafiya tare da tashar da aka share daga nakiyoyi yayin Operation Desert Storm., [[Kuwaiti (ƙasa)|Kuwait]] - 1 Maris 1991.]] [[File:AuF1_and_AMX-10P_(Royal_Saudi_Land_Force).JPEG|right|thumb| Brigade na 20 na rundunar sojojin Saudiyya ta kasa sun nuna wani jirgi {{Convert|155|mm|0}} GCT bindiga mai sarrafa kansa, hagu, da motocin yaƙi na AMX-10P]] Sojojin Saudiyya na zamani sun samo asali ne daga kasar Saudiyya, wacce ta faro tun a shekarar alif 1744, kuma ana daukarta a matsayin shekarar da aka kafa sojojin Saudiyya. Tun daga shekarar 1901 an sake kafa runduna ta ƙasa a matsayin wani reshe na daban na sojojin ƙasar tare da [[Saudi Arebiya|kafa kasar Saudiyya ta zamani]]. kuma ana daukarta a matsayin mafi dadewa a bangaren sojojin Saudiyya. Tilasta shiga aikin soja ya wanzu har zuwa lokacin da yakin Kansila ya kare. A tarihance, an kirkiri MoW ne domin hada kan sojojin kasa a karkashin ikon soja daya. Wow ya wanzu har zuwa shekarar 1933, lokacin da aka sake masa suna "Agency of Defence" a karkashin gwamnatin Ministan Kudi a matsayin wakili. A shekara ta 1944, an haɓaka Hukumar (MoD) kuma an shigar da ita cikin Sashin Bincike na Sojojin Saudiyya. Sauran abubuwan da suka haifar da fadada sojojin Saudiyya sun hada da rikicin Larabawa da Isra'ila a shekara ta 1948, faduwar [[Shah]] [[Mohammad Reza Pahlavi]] a [[Juyin Juya Halin Musulunci|juyin juya halin Iran]] a shekara ta 1979 da kuma fargabar yiwuwar ayyukan abokan gaba, da kuma yakin Gulf a cikin shekara ta 1990. A shekara ta 2000, gwamnatin Saudiyya ta kashe biliyoyin daloli don fadada sojojin Saudiyya ciki har da sojoji.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=March 2008}} A halin yanzu ministan tsaro ne Prince [[Mohammad bin Salman]], wanda aka naɗa a ranar 23 watan Janairun shekara ta 2015.<ref name="The Arabia of Ibn Saud">{{cite book | title= The Arabia of Ibn Saud | first= Roy | last= Lebkicher | url= https://books.google.com/books?id=4hgsAAAAMAAJ | publisher= R.F. Moore Company | year=1952}}</ref><ref name="The World Factbook">{{cite web |title=Middle East: Saudi Arabia |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/saudi-arabia/ |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |location=Langley, Virginia |date=17 October 2018 |access-date=21 October 2018 |archive-date=19 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210319180722/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/saudi-arabia |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2016-04-21/the-2-trillion-project-to-get-saudi-arabia-s-economy-off-oil|title=The $2 Trillion Project to Get Saudi Arabia's Economy Off Oil|access-date=2017-06-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161015201640/http://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2016-04-21/the-2-trillion-project-to-get-saudi-arabia-s-economy-off-oil|archive-date=2016-10-15|url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:RSLF_Tank.JPG|right|thumb| Ana canja wurin tanki na Saudiyya M60A3]] === Yaƙe-yaƙe sun haɗa da === [[File:Saudi_Sikorsky_S-70_Desert_Storm.jpg|right|thumb| Sojojin Saudiyya UH-60 mai saukar ungulu Blackhawk yayin Operation Shield Garkuwan .]] * Yaƙe-yaƙe na Najed (1744-1788) * Yaƙin Mamluk (1790-1811) * Yakin Ottoman-Saudi (1811-18) * Yaƙin basasar Saudiyya (1865-1875) * Yakin Ottoman II (1870-1871) * Yakin Arwa (1883) * Yaƙin Mulayda (1891) * Yakin Riyad III * Yaƙin Dilam (1903) * Yaƙin Saudi–Rashidi (1903–07) * Yakin Hadiya (1910) * [[Conquest of al-Hasa|Yakin al-Kut (1913)]] * [[Battle of Jarrab|Yaƙin Jarrab]] (1915) * Yaƙin Kinzaan (1915) * Yaƙin Saudi-Hashemite (1918-1919) * Yaƙin Kuwait-Saudi (1919–20) * Yaƙin Hail (1921) * Yaƙin Saudi-Transjordan (1922) * Yaƙin Hejaz II (1924-25) * Tawayen Ikhwan (1927–30) * Yaƙin Mutawakkili (1934) * 1948 Yakin Larabawa da Isra'ila fiye da sojojin Saudiyya 3,000 ne suka shiga yaki da [[Isra'ila]] .{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=August 2012}} * 1967 RSLF ta tura sojoji sama da 20,000 a Jordan.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=January 2019}} * 1969 Al-Wadiah War . Dakarun Yaman ta Kudu sun mamaye garin Al-Wadiah na Saudiyya, amma daga baya sojojin Saudiyya suka fatattake su.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=j0AhBQAAQBAJ&q=al-wadiah+war+1969&pg=PT320 |title=King Faisal: Personality, Faith and Times - Alexei Vassiliev - Google Książki |isbn=9780863567612 |last1=Vassiliev |first1=Alexei |date=March 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Halliday |first=Fred|title=Revolution and Foreign Policy: The Case of South Yemen, 1967-1987 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z5DToPmhXrIC |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=9780521891646 |page=160 |year=2002}}</ref> * 1973 lokacin yakin Yom Kippur, Saudi Arabia ta kai bataliyar Panhard AML-90s masu sulke da sojoji 3,000 jirgin sama zuwa Syria kwanaki hudu bayan rikicin. Dakarun na Saudiyya sun shiga cikin wasu kananan fadace-fadace da IDF tsakanin ranakun 16-19 ga watan Oktoba, akasari a cikin hadin gwiwa da Brigade 40 na Armored na Jordan. * 1979 Kamuwar Masallacin Harami . Sojojin Saudiyya da SANG tare da kwamandojin Pakistan da Faransa sun kwato masallacin daga hannun 'yan ta'adda. * Yaƙin Gulf (1990-91) Tare da sojojin ƙawance, sojojin Saudiyya da SANG sun taka rawa sosai a yakin Khafji da ' yantar da Kuwait . * 2007–10 Rikicin Houthi . 'Yan Houthi na Yaman sun kai hari a kudancin Saudiyya inda sojojin Saudiyya suka fatattake su. * 2015 Saudiyya karkashin jagorancin Saudiyya a Yemen bisa bukatar shugaban kasar Yemen na fatattakar 'yan tawayen Houthi da ke kawance da hambararren Ali Abdullah Saleh, a matsayin wani bangare na yakin basasar Yemen (2015-present). == Tsarin == [[File:Saudi_Arabian_Humvee.jpg|right|thumb| Wani dan Saudiyya ( HMMWV ) dauke da bindigar QCB a kan hanyarsa ta zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa na [[Mogadishu]] a [[Somaliya]]]] [[File:USMC-120517-M-KU932-016.jpg|right|thumb| Sojojin ruwa na Amurka suna horar da sojojin Saudiyya]] Ƙarfi yaƙin na Sojojin Saudiyya ya ƙunshi Birged 4 Masu sulke, Mechanized 5, Infantry 2 (Rundunar Tsaro 1, Sojoji na Musamman 1). Sojojin kasar Saudiyya sun jibge Brigadi na 12 masu sulke da kuma na 6 Mechanized Brigade a garin Sarki Faisal da ke yankin Tabuka. Ta kai Brigade na 4 Armored Brigade, da kuma na 11 Mechanized Brigade a garin Sarki Abdul Aziz na Soja a yankin Khamis Mushat. Ta tura Brigade na 20 Mechanized Brigade da 8th Mechanized Brigade a garin King Khalid dake kusa da Hafr al Batin. Rundunar Mechanized Brigade ta 10 tana aiki ne a Sharawrah da ke kusa da kan iyaka da Yaman kuma mai tazarar kilomita 150 daga Zamak.<ref name="Royal Saudi Land Forces">{{cite web|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/gulf/rslf.htm|title=Royal Saudi Land Forces|first=John|last=Pike|website=www.globalsecurity.org|access-date=2006-12-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151029195526/http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/gulf/rslf.htm|archive-date=2015-10-29|url-status=live}}</ref> Duk da ƙarin raka'a da yawa da haɓaka motsi da aka samu a cikin shekara ta 1970 da shekara ta 1980, haɗin gwiwar ma'aikatan sojojin ya ƙaru kaɗan kawai tun lokacin da aka ƙaddamar da babban gini a ƙarshen shekara ta 1960s. Sojojin sun kasance marasa ƙarfi na tsawon lokaci, a yanayin wasu rukunin da aka kiyasta kashi 30 zuwa 50 cikin ɗari. Waɗannan ƙarancin sun ta'azzara ta hanyar sassaucin manufofin da ke ba da izinin rashin zuwa da kuma babbar matsala ta riƙe ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun jami'ai (NCOs). Ci gaba da kasancewar wani jami'in tsaron kasa na daban ya kuma takaita yawan wadanda za'a dauka aikin soja. * 4th (King Khaled) Brigade masu sulke * 6th (Sarki Fah'd) Brigade masu sulke * 7th (Prince Sultan) Brigade sulke * 8th (Sarki Fah'd) Brigade masu sulke * 10 (Sarki Faisal) Brigadi masu sulke * Na 12 (Khalid bn al-Walid) Brigadi masu sulke Rundunar sojojin Saudiyya da aka saba tana da kamfanin leken asiri masu sulke, da bataliyoyin tanka guda uku da tankokin yaki 35 kowacce, bataliyar sojan kanikanci mai dauke da AIFVs/APC, da kuma bataliyar bindigogi masu sarrafa kanta guda 18. Har ila yau, yana da kamfanin jirgin sama na soja, kamfanin injiniya, bataliyar kayan aiki, filin bita, da kamfanin likitanci. '''Mechanized''' * 11th Mechanized Brigade * 12th Mechanized Brigade * 13th Mechanized Brigade * 14th Mechanized Brigade * 20th Mechanized Brigade Rundunar sojan Saudiyya da aka saba tanada na’urar leken asiri, bataliyar tanka daya mai tankokin yaƙi guda 40, bataliyoyin sojan kanikanci uku tare da AIFVs/APC, da kuma bataliyar bindigu mai sarrafa kanta guda 18. Har ila yau, yana da kamfanin jirgin sama na soja, kamfanin injiniya, bataliyar kayan aiki, filin bita, da kamfanin likitanci. Tana da harba makamai masu linzami guda 24 da kuma sassan turmi guda huɗu tare da jimillar {{Convert|81|mm|0}} turmi. '''Sojojin sama''' * 16th (Sarki Saudat) Brigade na Ingantattun Motoci * 17th (Abu Bakr Assiddeeq) Brigade na Ingantattun Motoci * 18th (Sarki Abdullah) Brigade na Ingantattun Motoci * Na 19 (Umar bn Al-Khattab) Brigade na sojojin kasa mai haske Kowace rundunonin sojoji ta ƙunshi bataliyoyin mota guda uku, bataliyar bindigu, da bataliyar tallafi. Bai kamata brigads na soji su rude da brigade na National Guard na Saudiyya ba .{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=November 2020}} '''Sassan Jirgin Sama da Jami'an Tsaro na Musamman''' * Rundunar Sojojin Sama ta 1 ** Bataliya ta 4 ta Airborne ** Bataliya ta 5 ta Airborne * 64th Special Forces Brigade ** Bataliya ta musamman ta 85 An tura Brigade na Airborne a kusa da Tabuk. Rundunar Sojan Sama tana da bataliyoyin parachute guda biyu da na Sojoji na musamman guda uku. Saudiyya na ƙara faɗaɗa Dakarunta na Musamman da kuma inganta kayan aiki da horas da su don taimakawa wajen tunkarar barazanar ta'addanci. An mai da rundunonin soji na musamman zuwa runfunan yaki masu zaman kansu don taimakawa wajen tunkarar ‘yan ta’adda, kuma su kai rahoto ga Yarima Sultan.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=November 2020}} '''Bataliyoyin Makamai''' * bataliyoyin bindigu biyar ** FA ta 14 (Towed, 155) Battalion ** FA ta 15 ( MLRS ) bataliya ** Bataliya ta 18 Makami mai linzami ( MLRS). '''Jirgin sama''' * Rukunin Jirgin Sama na 1 * Rukunin Jiragen Sama na 2 * Rukunin Jiragen Sama na 3 * Rukunin Jiragen Sama na 4 Rukunin Tsaron Sarauta daban ya ƙunshi bataliyoyin sojoji masu haske huɗu.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=November 2020}} [[File:Saudi_Army.png|center|thumb|800x800px| Tsarin Sojojin Saudi Arabiya (danna don ƙara girma).]] == Matsayi == === Ma'aikacin RSLF === == Kayan aiki == == Duba kuma == * Sojojin Saudiyya * Royal Saudi Navy * Royal Saudi Air Force == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Sojoji]] [[Category:Sojojin Iran]] [[Category:Sojojin Saudiyya]] [[Category:Tsaro]] [[Category:Saudiyya]] 7un3p3c3per4nmlem3yqss1jfuoxz1c 0 27223 829943 685692 2026-05-05T08:13:34Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829943 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Sinovac Biotech headquarters (20221017114251).jpg|thumb|sinovac biotech]] [[Fayil:Sinovac Biotech logo.svg|thumb|sinovac biotech]] [[Fayil:AVBWU125 KMB 1 16-07-2022.jpg|thumb|sinovac]] '''Sinovac Biotech Ltd. girma''' ( Chinese, Nasdaq ) wani kamfani ne na likitancin halittu na ƙasar Sin wanda ke mai da hankali kan bincike, haɓakawa, ƙira, da kuma tallata rigakafin da ke ba da kariya ga [[Cututtukan kirji|cututtukan]] [[Ɗan Adam|ɗan adam]] . Kamfanin yana zaune ne a gundumar Haidian, Beijing a kasar Sin.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sinovac.com/|title=Home (English)|publisher=Sinovac|access-date=2021-03-06|quote=Add: No. 39 Shangdi Xi Road, Haidian District, Beijing, P.R.C. 100085}}</ref> An jera kamfanin akan. NASDAQ amma musayar ta dakatar da cinikin Sinovac a watan Fabrairun 2019 saboda yakin wakili.<ref name=":02">{{Cite news|last=Dou|first=Eva|date=December 4, 2020|title=As China nears a coronavirus vaccine, bribery cloud hangs over drugmaker Sinovac|language=en-US|work=[[The Washington Post]]|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/coronavirus-vaccine-china-bribery-sinovac/2020/12/04/7c09ae68-28c6-11eb-9c21-3cc501d0981f_story.html|url-status=live|access-date=2020-12-06|archive-url=https://archive.today/20201204153957/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/coronavirus-vaccine-china-bribery-sinovac/2020/12/04/7c09ae68-28c6-11eb-9c21-3cc501d0981f_story.html|archive-date=December 4, 2020|issn=0190-8286}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Levine|first=Matt|date=May 22, 2020|title=A Vaccine With a Poison Pill|work=[[Bloomberg News]]|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/newsletters/2020-05-22/money-stuff-a-vaccine-with-a-poison-pill|url-status=live|access-date=December 6, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200621042937/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/newsletters/2020-05-22/money-stuff-a-vaccine-with-a-poison-pill|archive-date=June 21, 2020}}</ref> Kamfanin ya fuskanci binciken cin hanci a China.<ref name=":02" /> == Magungunan rigakafi == [[Fayil:Sinovac COVID-19 vaccine (2021).jpg|thumb|Sinovac Biotech]] Maganin sayar da Sinovac sun haɗa da CoronaVac ( [[Rigakafin Covid-19|alurar rigakafin COVID-19]] ), Inlive ( alurar rigakafin Enterovirus 71 ), Anflu ( alurar rigakafin mura ), Healive (alurar rigakafin [[Cutar hanta A|hanta A]] ), maganin varicella da rigakafin mumps .<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sinovac.com/product/product.php?class2=162&lang=en|access-date=1 September 2021|website=sinovac.com|title=Vaccines|archive-date=26 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210926184314/http://www.sinovac.com/product/product.php?class2=162&lang=en|url-status=dead}}</ref> === Ci gaban rigakafin COVID-19 === CoronaVac kwayar cuta ce da ba a kunna ta ba ta COVID-19 wacce Sinovac ta kirkira.<ref>{{cite news|author=Nidhi Parekh|url=https://fancycomma.com/2020/07/22/coronavac-inactivated-covid19-vaccine/|title=CoronaVac: A COVID-19 Vaccine Made From Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Virus|date=22 July 2020|access-date=25 July 2020}}</ref> Ya kasance a cikin gwajin asibiti na Phase III [[Brazil|a Brazil]],<ref>{{Cite web|date=21 July 2020|title=New coronavirus vaccine trials start in Brazil|url=https://apnews.com/article/f946b044e0b507616aca201375e46571|access-date=2020-10-07|website=AP News}}</ref> [[Chile]],<ref>{{Cite news|date=4 August 2020|title=Chile initiates clinical study for COVID-19 vaccine|work=Chile Reports|url=https://chilereports.cl/en/news/2020/08/04/chile-initiates-clinical-study-for-covid-19-vaccine|access-date=2020-10-07|archive-date=2020-10-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011190302/https://chilereports.cl/en/news/2020/08/04/chile-initiates-clinical-study-for-covid-19-vaccine|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Indonesiya|Indonesia]],<ref>{{Cite news|date=30 August 2020|title=248 volunteers have received Sinovac vaccine injections in Bandung|work=Antara News|url=https://en.antaranews.com/news/155398/248-volunteers-have-received-sinovac-vaccine-injections-in-bandung|access-date=2020-10-07}}</ref> [[Filipin|Philippines]],<ref>{{Cite news|date=30 August 2020|title=248 volunteers have received Sinovac vaccine injections in Bandung|work=Antara News|url=https://en.antaranews.com/news/155398/248-volunteers-have-received-sinovac-vaccine-injections-in-bandung|access-date=2020-10-07}}</ref> da [[Turkiyya]] .<ref>{{Cite news|date=1 September 2020|title=Turkey begins phase three trials of Chinese Covid-19 vaccine|work=TRT World News|url=https://www.trtworld.com/turkey/turkey-begins-phase-three-trials-of-chinese-covid-19-vaccine-39806|access-date=2020-10-07}}{{Dead link|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Ya dogara da fasahar gargajiya irin ta BBIBP-CorV da BBV152, in ba haka ba an san su da allurar rigakafin cutar COVID-19 da ba a kunna ba a cikin gwaji na Mataki na III.<ref>{{Cite news|last1=Zimmer|first1=Carl|last2=Corum|first2=Jonathan|last3=Wee|first3=Sui-Lee|title=Coronavirus Vaccine Tracker|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/science/coronavirus-vaccine-tracker.html|access-date=2021-02-12|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> CoronaVac baya buƙatar daskarewa, kuma duka alluran rigakafi da kayan da za a ƙirƙira sabbin allurai ana iya jigilar su kuma a sanya su cikin firiji a 2-8&nbsp;°C (36-46&nbsp;°F), yanayin yanayin da ake kiyaye rigakafin mura.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2020-11-01|title=CoronaVac: Doses will come from China on nine flights and can...|url=https://alkhaleejtoday.co/international/5246732/CoronaVac-Doses-will-come-from-China-on-nine-flights-and-can.html|access-date=2021-02-12|website=AlKhaleej Today|language=ar|archive-date=2020-12-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201216072629/https://alkhaleejtoday.co/international/5246732/CoronaVac-Doses-will-come-from-China-on-nine-flights-and-can.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Fayil:HK SYP 西環 Sai Ying Pun 德輔道西 Des Voeux Road West August 2021 SS2 003.jpg|thumb|Sinovac Biotech]] Wani bincike na haƙiƙa na miliyoyin mutanen Chilean goma da suka karɓi CoronaVac ya gano yana da tasiri 66% akan alamun COVID-19, 88% akan asibiti, 90% akan shigar da ICU, da 86% akan mace-mace.<ref name="NEJMoa21077152">{{cite journal|display-authors=6|vauthors=Jara A, Undurraga EA, González C, Paredes F, Fontecilla T, Jara G, Pizarro A, Acevedo J, Leo K, Leon F, Sans C, Leighton P, Suárez P, García-Escorza H, Araos R|date=July 2021|title=Effectiveness of an Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine in Chile|journal=The New England Journal of Medicine|volume=385|issue=10|pages=875–884|doi=10.1056/NEJMoa2107715|pmid=34233097|pmc=8279092|doi-access=free|s2cid=235766915}}</ref> A Brazil, bayan kashi 75% na yawan jama'a a Serrana, São Paulo ya karɓi CoronaVac, sakamakon farko ya nuna mutuwar mutane da kashi 95%, asibitoci da kashi 86%, da alamun alamun cutar da kashi 80%.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-06-01|title=Sinovac vaccine restores a Brazilian city to near normal|url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/health/coronavirus/sinovac-vaccine-restores-a-brazilian-city-to-near-normal-1.5451755|url-status=dead|access-date=2021-06-02|website=CTV News|vauthors=Savarese M|archive-date=2021-06-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210603063043/https://www.ctvnews.ca/health/coronavirus/sinovac-vaccine-restores-a-brazilian-city-to-near-normal-1.5451755}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2021-05-31|title=Brazil's Experiment to Vaccinate Town With Chinese CoronaVac Reduced Covid-19 Deaths by 95%|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/brazils-experiment-to-vaccinate-town-with-chinese-coronavac-reduced-covid-19-deaths-by-95-11622479864|access-date=2021-06-02|issn=0099-9660|vauthors=Pearson S}}</ref> A Indonesiya, bayanan duniya na gaske daga ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya 128,290 sun nuna kariyar kashi 94% daga kamuwa da cutar ta hanyar allurar, inda ta doke sakamakon gwajin asibiti.<ref name=":2722">{{cite news|date=12 May 2021|title=China Sinovac Shot Seen Highly Effective in Real World Study|website=[[MSN]]|url=https://www.msn.com/en-us/money/other/chinas-sinovac-shot-found-highly-effective-in-real-world-study/ar-BB1gCGwD|access-date=12 May 2021}}</ref> Sakamako na uku daga Turkiyya da aka buga a cikin ''The Lancet'' ya nuna ingancin 84% bisa ga mahalarta 10,218 a cikin gwaji.<ref name="S0140-6736(21)01429-X2">{{cite journal|display-authors=6|vauthors=Tanriover MD, Doğanay HL, Akova M, Güner HR, Azap A, Akhan S, Köse Ş, Erdinç FŞ, Akalın EH, Tabak ÖF, Pullukçu H, Batum Ö, Yavuz SS, Turhan Ö, Yıldırmak MT, Köksal İ, Taşova Y, Korten V, Yılmaz G, Çelen MK, Altın S, Çelik İ, Bayındır Y, Karaoğlan İ, Yılmaz A, Özkul A, Gür H, Unal S, Kayaaslan B, Hasanoğlu İ, Dalkıran A, Aydos Ö, Çınar G, Akdemir-Kalkan İ, İnkaya AÇ, Aydin M, Çakir H, Yıldız J, Kocabıyık Ö, Arslan S, Nallı B, Demir Ö, Singil S, Ataman-Hatipoğlu Ç, Tuncer-Ertem G, Kınıklı S, Önal U, Mete B, Dalgan G, Taşbakan M, Yamazhan T, Kömürcüoğlu B, Yalnız E, Benli A, Keskin-Sarıtaş Ç, Ertosun MG, Özkan Ö, Emre S, Arıca S, Kuşçu F, Candevir A, Ertürk-Şengel B, Ayvaz F, Aksoy F, Mermutluoğlu Ç, Demir Y, Günlüoğlu G, Tural-Önür S, Kılıç-Toker A, Eren E, Otlu B, Mete AÖ, Koçak K, Ateş H, Koca-Kalkan İ, Aksu K|date=8 July 2021|title=Efficacy and safety of an inactivated whole-virion SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (CoronaVac): interim results of a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial in Turkey|journal=The Lancet|language=English|volume=398|issue=10296|pages=213–222|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01429-X|issn=0140-6736|pmc=8266301|pmid=34246358|doi-access=free|s2cid=235770533}}</ref><ref name="who-evidence2">{{cite AV media|url=https://cdn.who.int/media/docs/default-source/immunization/sage/2021/april/5_sage29apr2021_critical-evidence_sinovac.pdf|title=Evidence Assessment: Sinovac/CoronaVac COVID-19 vaccine|date=29 April 2021|type=Presentation|publisher=World Health Organization|access-date=10 July 2021|format=PDF}}</ref> Sakamakon mataki na III daga Brazil a baya ya nuna ingancin kashi 50.7% wajen hana kamuwa da cututtuka da kuma kashi 83.7% yana da tasiri wajen hana cututtuka masu laushi da ke buƙatar magani. Ingancin kamuwa da cututtukan alamomi ya karu zuwa 62.3% tare da tazara na kwanaki 21 ko fiye tsakanin allurai.<ref name=":102">{{cite news|date=2021-04-11|title=Estudo clínico que comprova maior eficácia da Coronavac é enviado para Lancet|language=Portuguese|trans-title=Clinical study proving greater efficacy of Coronavac is submitted to The Lancet|work=CNN Brasil|location=São Paulo|url=https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/saude/2021/04/11/estudo-clinico-que-comprova-maior-eficacia-da-coronavac-e-enviado-para-lancet|access-date=2021-04-12|vauthors=Costa A}}</ref> [[Fayil:MMDA Chairman Gets Sinovac Jab 03.jpg|thumb|Allurar Sinovac Biotech]] Ana amfani da CoronaVac a cikin kamfen ɗin rigakafi a ƙasashe daban-daban na Asiya, <ref name="apne_Indo2">{{cite web|last1=TARIGAN|first1=EDNA|last2=MILKO|first2=VICTORIA|date=13 January 2021|title=Indonesia starts mass COVID vaccinations over vast territory|url=https://apnews.com/article/asia-pacific-indonesia-coronavirus-pandemic-joko-widodo-3ff30c85dc6943e2a06db470a9d04931|access-date=15 January 2021|website=[[Associated Press]]}}</ref><ref name=":1522">{{cite news|title=Thailand Kicks Off Covid-19 Vaccine Program With Sinovac Shots|language=en|work=Bloomberg.com|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-02-28/thailand-kicks-off-covid-19-vaccine-program-with-sinovac-shots|access-date=28 February 2021}}</ref><ref name=":92">{{cite web|date=6 February 2021|title=China approves Sinovac vaccines for general public use|url=https://www.scmp.com/news/china/science/article/3120855/covid-19-china-approves-sinovac-vaccine-general-public-use|access-date=6 February 2021|website=South China Morning Post|language=en}}</ref> Kudancin Amurka,<ref name=":222">{{cite web|last=Rochabrun|first=Marcelo|title=Brazil health ministry says plans to order 30 million more Coronavac doses {{!}} The Chronicle Herald|url=http://www.thechronicleherald.ca/news/world/brazil-health-ministry-says-plans-to-order-30-million-more-coronavac-doses-554373/|url-status=live|access-date=26 February 2021|website=www.thechronicleherald.ca|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":112">{{cite news|last=Miranda|first=Natalia A. Ramos|date=28 January 2021|title=Chile receives two million-dose first delivery of Sinovac COVID-19 vaccine|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-chile-sinovac-idUSKBN29X282|access-date=30 January 2021}}</ref><ref name=":1622">{{cite web|title=BNamericas - Uruguay prepares to launch COVID-19 vaccinat...|url=https://www.bnamericas.com/en/news/uruguay-prepares-to-launch-covid-19-vaccination-scheme-as-china-jabs-arrive|access-date=1 March 2021|website=BNamericas.com}}</ref> Arewacin Amurka,<ref name=":1822">{{cite web|date=2021-03-15|title=Venustiano Carranza next up for Covid vaccination in Mexico City|url=https://mexiconewsdaily.com/news/coronavirus/venustiano-carranza-next-up-for-covid-vaccination-in-mexico-city/|access-date=2021-03-16|website=Mexico News Daily}}</ref><ref name=":1722">{{cite web|last=|first=|title=Anticovid vaccines run out as Dominican Republic awaits arrival of more doses|url=https://dominicantoday.com/dr/covid-19/2021/03/08/anticovid-vaccines-run-out-as-dominican-republic-awaits-arrival-of-more-doses/|url-status=live|access-date=2021-03-10|website=Dominican Today|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":2022">{{cite web|title=Llegan a El Salvador un millón de dosis de la vacuna china CoronaVac contra el covid-19 de la farmacéutica Sinovac|url=https://www.laprensagrafica.com/elsalvador/Llegan-a-El-Salvador-un-millon-de-dosis-de-la-vacuna-china-contra-el-covid-19-de-la-farmaceutica-Sinovac-20210328-0004.html|access-date=2021-03-28|website=Noticias de El Salvador - La Prensa Gráfica {{!}} Informate con la verdad|language=es-ES|archive-date=2021-04-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421183905/https://www.laprensagrafica.com/elsalvador/Llegan-a-El-Salvador-un-millon-de-dosis-de-la-vacuna-china-contra-el-covid-19-de-la-farmaceutica-Sinovac-20210328-0004.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> da Turai.<ref name=":122">{{cite web|title=Turkey aims to vaccinate 60 percent of population: Minister – Turkey News|url=https://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/turkey-targets-to-vaccinate-60-of-population-health-minister-162317|access-date=12 February 2021|website=Hürriyet Daily News|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":242">{{Cite web|title=Vaccination with CoronaVac launched in Ukraine on April 13 – Health minister|url=https://www.unian.info/society/covid-19-vaccination-with-coronavac-launched-in-ukraine-on-april-13-health-minister-11386060.html|access-date=2021-04-15|website=www.unian.info|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":2122">{{cite web|last=Semini|first=Llazar|title=Albania starts mass COVID vaccinations before tourist season|url=https://abcnews.go.com/Business/wireStory/albania-starts-mass-covid-vaccinations-tourist-season-76733128|url-status=live|access-date=2021-03-28|website=ABC News|language=en}}</ref> Ya zuwa Afrilu 2021, Sinovac yana da ikon samar da allurai biliyan biyu a shekara<ref name=":132">{{cite news|last=Liu|first=Roxanne|date=2021-04-02|title=China Sinovac says it reached two billion doses annual capacity for COVID-19 vaccine|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-vaccine-sinovac-idUSKBN2BP07G|url-status=live|access-date=2021-04-02}}</ref> kuma ya ba da jimillar allurai miliyan 600.<ref name=":2622">{{cite news|last=Nebehay|first=Stephanie|date=2021-06-01|title=WHO approves Sinovac COVID vaccine, the second Chinese-made dose listed|work=Reuters|location=Geneva|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-who-sinovac/who-approves-sinovac-covid-vaccine-the-second-chinese-made-dose-listed-idUSKCN2DD3V5|access-date=2021-06-01}}</ref> A halin yanzu ana kera shi a wurare da yawa a China,<ref name=":132" /> Brazil,<ref name=":142">{{Cite news|date=10 December 2020|title=Chinese vaccine draws demand across Latin America, say Brazilian officials|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-brazil-idUSKBN28K1IK|url-status=live|access-date=10 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201210170303/https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-brazil-idUSKBN28K1IK|archive-date=10 December 2020|vauthors=Mano A, Simões}}</ref> da Masar.<ref name=":232">{{cite web|date=2021-04-08|title=Egypt to produce up to 80 million Sinovac vaccine doses annually|url=https://arab.news/c44bc|access-date=2021-04-08|website=Arab News|language=en}}</ref> A ranar 1 ga Yuni 2021, [[Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya]] (WHO) ta tabbatar da rigakafin don amfani da gaggawa.<ref name=":263">{{cite news|date=2021-06-01|title=WHO approves Sinovac COVID vaccine, the second Chinese-made dose listed|work=Reuters|location=Geneva|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-who-sinovac/who-approves-sinovac-covid-vaccine-the-second-chinese-made-dose-listed-idUSKCN2DD3V5|access-date=2021-06-01|vauthors=Nebehay S}}</ref><ref name="WHO recommendation2">{{cite web|date=1 May 2021|title=WHO recommendation Sinovac COVID-19 vaccine (Vero Cell [Inactivated]) – CoronaVac|url=https://extranet.who.int/pqweb/vaccines/who-recommendation-sinovac-covid-19-vaccine-vero-cell-inactivated-coronavac|access-date=1 June 2021|website=[[World Health Organization]] (WHO)|archive-date=2 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602213345/https://extranet.who.int/pqweb/vaccines/who-recommendation-sinovac-covid-19-vaccine-vero-cell-inactivated-coronavac|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="WHO PR 202106012">{{cite press release|title=WHO validates Sinovac COVID-19 vaccine for emergency use and issues interim policy recommendations|website=[[World Health Organization]] (WHO)|url=https://www.who.int/news/item/01-06-2021-who-validates-sinovac-covid-19-vaccine-for-emergency-use-and-issues-interim-policy-recommendations|access-date=1 June 2021}}</ref> Sinovac ya rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyoyin sayayya na allurai miliyan 380 daga COVAX .<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-07-12|title=Chinese drugmakers agree to supply more than half a billion vaccines to COVAX|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/gavi-signs-covid-19-vaccine-supply-deals-with-sinovac-sinopharm-covax-2021-07-12/|access-date=2021-07-13|website=Reuters}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * CanSino Biologics * Sinopharm == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{Official|url=http://www.sinovac.com/index.php?lang=en}} == Manazarta == * * [[Category:Covid-19]] ryd9jqrlna78iiqhuhdlk9w9b314884 0 28009 829815 798281 2026-05-05T04:32:32Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829815 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Medieval Mud-Skyscrapers of Shibam, Hadramawt Valley (2286363119).jpg|thumb|shibam ]] [[Fayil:Shibam.jpg|thumb|Shibam Hadramawt]] '''Shibam Hadramawt''' (Larabci: شِبَام حَضْرَمَوْت, romanized: ''Shibām Ḥaḍramawt'')<ref name="Al-Bayan 2012">{{cite news|work=[[Al Bayan (newspaper)|Al-Bayan]]|script-title=ar:مدينة شبام حضرموت "شيكاغو الصحراء"|language=ar|url=https://www.albayan.ae/editors-choice/asfar/2012-07-30-1.1698590|date=30 July 2012|access-date=22 March 2018}}</ref><ref name="Mawdoo3 2017">{{cite news|work=Mawdoo3.com|script-title=ar:بلدة شبام حضرموت|language=ar|url=http://mawdoo3.com/بلدة_شبام_حضرموت|date=6 April 2017|access-date=22 March 2018}}</ref> birni ne, da ke a ƙasar Yemen. Tana kuma da mazauna kusan 7,000, ita ce wurin zama na Gundumar Shibam<ref name="Statoids2010">{{cite web|url=http://www.statoids.com/yye.html|title=Districts of Yemen|publisher=Statoids|access-date=21 October 2010}}</ref> a cikin Hakimin Hadramaut. An santa da gine-gine masu tsayi da aka yi da tubalin laka, ana kiranta da "Chicago of the Desert" (شِيْكَاغو ٱلصَّحْرَاء),<ref name="Al-Bayan 2012" /> ko kuma "Manhattan na Hamada" (مَانْهَاتَن ٱلصَّحْرَاء).<ref name="W2013Shibam">{{cite news|publisher=[[Weather.com]]|title=The Ancient City of Shibam: The Manhattan of the Desert|url=https://weather.com/news/news/shibam-hadhramaut-manhattan-desert-yemen-20131028|date=9 November 2013|access-date=22 March 2018}}</ref> == Tarihi == Rubutun farko da aka sani game da birnin ya kasance tun daga karni na 3 AD.<ref name="Shibam Online">{{cite web|title=Wadi Hadramowt and walled city of Shabam|url=http://www.shibamonline.net/eng/wadi13.php|access-date=3 January 2010|website=ShibamOnline.net|archive-date=3 July 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100703021649/http://www.shibamonline.net/eng/wadi13.php|url-status=dead}}</ref> Shi ne babban birnin Masarautar Hadramawt. A ƙarni na 20, ya kasance daya daga cikin manyan garuruwa uku na masarautar Qu'aiti, sauran su ne Al-Mukalla da Ash-Shihr.<ref name="Laughlin2008">{{cite book|last=McLaughlin|first=Daniel|title=Yemen|publisher=[[Bradt Travel Guides]]|chapter=10: Southeast Yemen|pages=191–198|isbn=978-1-8416-2212-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eQvhZaEVzjcC&q=shihr|year=2008}}</ref> An kuma jera birnin tare da jerin abubuwan tarihi na UNESCO,<ref>[https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/192 Old Walled City of Shibam], [[UNESCO]], [[World Heritage List]]</ref> a cikin 1982.<ref name="theconversation.com">[http://theconversation.com/bricks-and-mortar-fire-yemens-cultural-heritage-is-in-the-crosshairs-48484 Bricks and mortar fire: Yemen’s cultural heritage is in the crosshairs].17 December 2015.</ref> A cikin shekarar 2008, guguwa mai zafi ta mamaye Shibam.<ref>Gulnaz Khan, [https://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/destinations/asia/yemen/shibam-mud-skyscraper-yemen/ This Ancient Mud Skyscraper City is the 'Manhattan of the Desert']. [[National Geographic]].</ref> A lokacin yakin basasar kasar Yemen, birnin ya samu 'yar barna<ref>[https://www.alaraby.co.uk/english/indepth/2018/3/26/yemen-suffers-cultural-vandalism-during-its-war Yemen suffers cultural vandalism during its war].</ref><ref>[https://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/destinations/asia/yemen/shibam-mud-skyscraper-yemen/ This Ancient Mud Skyscraper City is the 'Manhattan of the Desert']. [[National Geographic]].</ref> bayan da 'yan tawaye suka tayar da wata mota makare da bama-bamai.<ref>Maggie Michael, [https://phys.org/news/2018-11-ancient-yemeni-archaeological-sites.html Report details damage to ancient Yemeni archaeological sites 15 November 2018.]</ref> An kuma kai harin bam a yankin. A cikin 2015, UNESCO ta lissafa birnin a matsayin "al'adun gargajiyar da ke cikin haɗari".<ref name="theconversation.com" /> == Labarin ƙasa == Garin yana tsakiyar yammacin yankin Hadhramaut Governorate, a cikin hamadar Ramlat al-Sab'atayn. Babban hanyarta ta haɗa birnin Sana'a da sauran garuruwan yammacin Yemen da yankunan gabashi mai nisa. Garuruwan mafi kusa sune Seiyun, wurin zama na filin jirgin sama, da Tarim, duka a gabas. Wata hanyar, wacce ta taso daga kauyen Alajlanya, a yamma, ta hade Shibam zuwa Mukalla, babban birnin jihar dake gabacin tekun kasar [[India|Indiya.]] === Yanayi === Shibam yana da yanayin hamada mai zafi (Köppen: BWh). A matsakaicin zafin jiki na 28.0 Celsius (digiri 82.4 Fahrenheit), Yuni shine watan mafi zafi na shekara. Janairu shine watan mafi sanyi, tare da matsakaicin yanayin zafi 18.6 °C (65.5 °F). {{Weather box||precipitation colour=green|Feb low C=14.6|Mar low C=16.9|Apr low C=19.2|May low C=21.7|Jun low C=22.7|Jul low C=22.6|Aug low C=22.1|Sep low C=21.3|Oct low C=17.6|Nov low C=14.9|Dec low C=14.3|Jan precipitation mm=8|year mean C=|Feb precipitation mm=5|Mar precipitation mm=17|Apr precipitation mm=10|May precipitation mm=3|Jun precipitation mm=0|Jul precipitation mm=3|Aug precipitation mm=4|Sep precipitation mm=1|Oct precipitation mm=0|Nov precipitation mm=5|Dec precipitation mm=8|Jan low C=13.3|Dec mean C=19.8|width=auto|Sep high C=30.8|location=Shibam|metric first=Yes|single line=Yes|Jan high C=24.0|Feb high C=25.3|Mar high C=27.4|Apr high C=29.5|May high C=31.8|Jun high C=33.4|Jul high C=32.5|Aug high C=31.8|Oct high C=29.0|Nov mean C=20.8|Nov high C=26.7|Dec high C=25.3|Jan mean C=18.6|Feb mean C=19.9|Mar mean C=22.1|Apr mean C=24.3|May mean C=26.7|Jun mean C=28.0|Jul mean C=27.5|Aug mean C=26.9|Sep mean C=26.0|Oct mean C=23.3|source 1=Climate-Data.org<ref>{{cite web |url=https://en.climate-data.org/asia/yemen/hadhramaut/shibam-30013/ |title=Climate: Shibam |access-date=22 May 2020}}</ref>}} == Gine-gine == === Bayanin === Shibam, wanda kuma a yanzu ya zama wurin Tarihin Duniya na UNESCO, an san shi da keɓaɓɓen gine-ginensa. Gidajen Shibam duk an yi su ne da tubalin laka, kuma kusan 500 daga cikinsu ginshiƙi ne, masu tsayin benaye 5 zuwa 11,<ref>{{cite journal|title=Land without shade|first=Hans|last=Helfritz|journal=Journal of the Royal Central Asian Society|volume=24|issue=2|date=April 1937|pages=201–16|doi=10.1080/03068373708730789}}</ref> kowanne bene yana da ɗaki ɗaya ko biyu.<ref name="Jerome">{{cite journal|title=The Architecture of Mud: Construction and Repair Technology in the Hadhramaut Region of Yemen|last1=Jerome|first1=Pamela|last2=Chiari|first2=Giacomo|last3=Borelli|first3=Caterina|journal=[[APT Bulletin]]|volume=30|issue=2–3|year=1999|pages=39–48 [44]|doi=10.2307/1504639|jstor=1504639}}</ref> Anyi amfani da wannan salon gine-gine don kare mazauna daga hare-haren Bedouin.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=71HzDwAAQBAJ&dq=architectural+style+protect+bedouin+%22shibam%22&pg=PT81|title=Routledge Handbook of Tourism Cities|first1=Alastair M.|last1=Morrison|first2=J. Andres|last2=Coca-Stefaniak|date=27 August 2020|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9780429534805|via=Google Books}}</ref> Yayin da Shibam ya kasance yana wanzuwa na kimanin shekaru 1,700, yawancin gidajen garin sun samo asali ne daga karni na 16. Da yawa, ko da yake, an sake gina su sau da yawa a cikin ’yan ƙarnuka da suka shige. Shibam galibi ana kiransa "birni mafi tsufa a duniya".<ref name="Shibam Online" /> Yana ɗaya daga cikin tsofaffi kuma mafi kyawun misalan tsara birane bisa ka'idar gini a tsaye.<ref name="UNESCO">[https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/192 Old Walled City of Shibam], UNESCO World Heritage Centre</ref> Birnin yana da wasu manyan gine-ginen laka mafi tsayi a duniya, tare da wasu daga cikinsu sama da 30 m (ƙafa 98) tsayi,<ref>{{cite journal|title=The Hadhramaut|first=J. G. T.|last=Shipman|journal=[[Asian Affairs]]|volume=15|issue=2|date=June 1984|pages=154–162|doi=10.1080/03068378408730145}}</ref> don haka kasancewar manyan gine-gine na farko. Domin kare gine-gine daga ruwan sama da zazzagewa, dole ne a kiyaye ganuwar akai-akai ta hanyar amfani da sabbin laka. An kewaye birnin da katangar katanga,<ref name="UNESCO" /> wanda aka ba shi suna "Birnin Shibam mai katanga". === Barazana === Gine-ginen bulo na laka ana kuma yawan fuskantar barazanar iska, ruwan sama, da zazzagewar zafi, kuma suna buƙatar kulawa akai-akai domin kiyaye tsarinsu. Ambaliyar ruwa da aka yi a birnin ta yi katutu a shekarar 2008, sakamakon guguwa mai zafi da aka yi a birnin.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://cbs13.com/national/Death.Toll.Mounts.2.848789.html|title=Death Toll Mounts In Tropical Storm|date=26 October 2008|website=CBS13.com|access-date=26 October 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090322174111/http://cbs13.com/national/Death.Toll.Mounts.2.848789.html|archive-date=22 March 2009}}</ref> Ruwan ya lalata harsashin ginin gine-gine da dama a birnin, wanda a karshe ya kai ga rugujewa.<ref>{{cite news|publisher=ITN Source|title=Historic Town of Shibam Hadramout Escapes Flooding Largely Unscathed|url=http://www.itnsource.com/shotlist//RTV/2008/11/03/RTV3319008/?s=floods|date=3 November 2008|access-date=13 December 2021|archive-date=19 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719190027/http://www.itnsource.com/shotlist//RTV/2008/11/03/RTV3319008/?s=floods|url-status=dead}}</ref> Har ila yau, ita ce harin da Al Qaeda ta kai a shekarar 2009.<ref>{{cite news|publisher=[[CNN]]|title=Al Qaeda blamed for Yemen attack|url=http://www.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/meast/03/16/yemen.bombing.alqaeda/index.html|date=16 March 2009|access-date=26 April 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|work=[[Yemen Post]]|title=Al-Qaeda in Yemen:Political, Social and Security Dimensions|url=http://yemenpost.net/Detail123456789.aspx?ID=3&SubID=542&MainCat=5|date=12 April 2009|access-date=26 April 2009|archive-date=24 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724140254/http://yemenpost.net/Detail123456789.aspx?ID=3&SubID=542&MainCat=5|url-status=dead}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2015, an saka Shibam cikin jerin wuraren tarihi na duniya da ke cikin haɗari lokacin da wani mummunan yakin basasa ya barke a Yemen. Gine-ginen tarihi sun lalace sosai yayin tashin bama-bamai a birnin Sana'a, kuma har yanzu suna cikin kasadar tashe-tashen hankula.<ref name="UNESCO WHC 2015">{{cite web|work=[[UNESCO World Heritage Centre]]|title=List of World Heritage in Danger: The 54 properties which the World Heritage Committee has decided to include on the List of World Heritage in danger in accordance with Article 11 (4) of the Convention|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/danger/|year=2015|access-date=30 April 2017}}</ref><ref name="UNESCO WHC 2015 B">{{cite web|last=Bokova|first=Irina|title=UNESCO Director-General calls on all parties to protect Yemen's cultural heritage|publisher=[[UNESCO World Heritage Centre]]|quote=In addition to causing terrible human suffering, these attacks are destroying Yemen’s unique cultural heritage, which is the repository of people’s identity, history and memory and an exceptional testimony to the achievements of the Islamic Civilization.|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/news/1278/|date=12 May 2015|access-date=30 April 2017}}</ref> === Hotuna === <gallery mode="packed" heights="200"> File:Shibam door.JPG|Ƙofar birni File:Shibam2.JPG|Duban wasu "skyscrapers" File:Shibam Yemen Interior.jpg|Gine-gine biyu akan titi a cikin garin File:15 Šibam (10).jpg|Duban titi File:15 Šibam (14).jpg|Tsarin gine-gine File:Old Walled City of Shibam-109044.jpg|Gine-ginen Shibam tare da baranda File:Old Walled City of Shibam-109041.jpg|Duban Tsohon Gano na Shibam File:Jemen Shibam-SJ 004 wp.jpg|Duban Shibam </gallery> == Manazarta == 5ewjak8t6c0k5pk6n0r07vagnzeln6a 0 29636 829942 691497 2026-05-05T08:12:24Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829942 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Cinema na Ukrain a zamanin samun 'yancin''' kai yana da alaƙa da durkushewar masana'antar fim a cikin shekara ta 1990s da ƙoƙarin sake gina ta a cikin shekarun 2000s da 2010s tun bayan ayyana 'yancin kai na Ukraine bayan ƙuri'ar raba gardama ta 'yancin kai na 1991. Duk da cewa masana'antar fina-finai ta tsakiya tana raguwa, ɗakunan fina -finai masu zaman kansu, kamfanonin rarrabawa da kuma hanyar sadarwar silima suna haɓaka. A cikin 2010s, adadin gajeren fina-finai a Ukraine yana girma da sauri saboda haɓaka fasahar dijital da rage farashin samarwa. Ko da yake masana’antar fina-finai ta yi asara a wancan lokacin, fina-finan Ukraine da dama sun yi nasara a bukukuwan fina-finai na duniya. == Manufofin jihar na Ukraine a fagen shirye-shiryen sinima == [[File:ВП_Юрий_Ильенко.jpg|thumb| Yuri Ilyenko]] A ranar 5 ga watan Agusta, shekara ta 1988, Verkhovna Rada na Ukrainian SSR ya rushe kwamitin Jiha don shirye-shiryen sinima, wanda ya bar Ukraine ba tare da wata hukuma mai alhakin ci gaban cinema ba. Bayan da Ukraine ta sami 'yancin kai, Yuriy Illyenko yayi ƙoƙari ya maido da irin wannan tsarin ta hanyar ƙirƙirar Asusun Jiha na Cinematography na Ukrainian a watan Agusta shekara ta 1991, wanda ya yi aiki har zuwa Mayu shekara ta 1993. Derzhkino ya ci gaba da ayyukansa ne kawai a cikin shekara ta 2005 bayan umarnin majalisar ministocin Ukraine na 22 ga Nuwamba shekara ta 2005. Hanna Chmil ta zama shugaban farko na sabon Derzhkino . An amince da tsarin manufofin jihar na Ukraine a kan batun sinima a ranar 13 ga Janairu shekara ta 1998, lokacin da Verkhovna Rada na Ukraine ya karbi Dokar Ukraine "A Cinematography". A cikin Maris 2017, sabuwar Dokar Ukraine "A kan goyon bayan jihar don cinematography a Ukraine" da aka karɓa, bisa ga abin da Ukrainian takardun shaida, ilimi, mai rai, yara, auteur da na farko fina-finai na iya neman cikakken jihar kudade na samarwa. == Tarihi na sinimar Ukrain a lokacin samun 'yancin kai == === Siniman Ukrain a 1990s === [[File:KiraMuratova_OdFest.jpg|thumb| Kira Muratova]] A cikin shekara ta 1990s, saboda rushewar Tarayyar Soviet da [[Tattalin arzikin duniya|rikicin tattalin arziki]], Ukrainian cinema ya fara raguwa. Yawan ’yan kallo a sinima ya ragu daga miliyan 552 a shekara ta 1990 zuwa 5.miliyan - a 1999. A lokaci guda kuma, masu sauraron tashoshin TV suna karuwa a hankali. Adadin masu zanga-zangar ya ragu daga 27 a 1990 zuwa 8 a 1999. Yawan fina-finan da aka yi a Ukraine a kowace shekara ya ragu daga 45 a 1992 zuwa 4 a 2000. Daga cikin fina-finai 136 da aka yi a Ukraine a cikin 1990s, 82 an yi su cikin [[Rashanci]] . A cikin 1990s, an yi ƙoƙarin sayar da sinimar Ukrainian. Ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci ne suka ba da izini da daukar nauyin shirya fina-finai. Wannan al'amari ya shafi abubuwan da ke cikin fina-finai kuma ya sa su zama mafi kyawun hali. Wasan kwaikwayo na laifuka, kasada da fina-finan batsa sun samu karbuwa. Manyan daraktoci na 1990s sun hada da Radomyr Vasylevsky, Mykola Zasieiev-Rudenko, Anatoliy Ivanov, Hryhoriy Kokhan, Oleksandr Muratov, Borys Nebiieridze, Alexander Polynnikov, da Dmytro Tomashpolskyi. Kira Muratova ya samar da kusan fina-finai biyar a cikin 1990s. A farkon shekarun 1990s, TV jerin aka rayayye yin fim don Ukrainian talabijin. ''{{Interlanguage link|Роксолана_(телесеріал)|uk|lt=Roksolana}}'' (Ukrainian: « ''Роксолана»'' ), wanda Borys Nebiieridze ya jagoranta, ''{{Interlanguage link|Острів_любові_(телесеріал)|uk|lt=Love Island}}'' (Ukrainian: « ''Острів любові»'', tr.: ''Ostriv Liubovi'' ), wanda Oleh Biyma ya jagoranta na daga cikin shahararrun mutane. === Sinimar Ukrain a 2000s === [[File:Богдан_Ступка._1941—2012.jpg|thumb| Bohdan Stupka]] A farkon shekarun 2000, fim ɗin ''[[With Fire and Sword (film)|With Fire and Sword]]'' (Yaren mutanen Poland : «''Ogniem i mieczem»'' ) na darektan Poland Jerzy Hoffman, wanda ɗan wasan Ukraine Bohdan Stupka ya taka rawar Hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky, ya kasance babbar nasara. Bohdan Stupka ya zama babban hetman na Ukrainian allo - ya kuma yi rawar a cikin tarihi jerin ''Black Council'' ( Ukrainian: «''Чорна рада»'' ) by Mykola Zasieiev-Rudenko (2000) da Yurii Illienko's fim ''A addu'a ga Hetman Mazepa'' (Ukrainian: «''Молитва за гетьмана Мазепу»'' (2001). Jigogi na tarihi kuma sun zama jagora a cikin aikin darekta Oles Yanchuk. A cikin 1990s da farkon tsakiyar shekarun 2000s, ya yi irin fina-finai kamar ''Famine-33'' (Ukrainian: «''Голод-33»'' ) (1991) game da mummunan makoma na dangin Ukrainian a lokacin Holodomor, ''Kisa.'' ''Kisan kaka a Munich'' ( ''Ukrainian: «Атентат –Осіннє вбивство у Мюнхені»'' ) (1995), ''The Undefeated'' (Ukrainian: «''Нескорений»'' ) (2000) da kuma ''The Company na'' Hroini (2000 '')'' (2004). Sun kasance yunƙuri ne don isar da ga mai kallo wani imani na sirri game da abin da ya faru da kuma yaƙin Sojojin Tawayen Ukraine daga idanun wani kwararren darekta, suna gabatar da labarin akida bisa ga hanyoyin Soviet. Tun daga shekara ta 2004, an yi fina-finai da yawa game da juyin juya halin Orange . An rufe wannan lokacin a cikin fina-finai da yawa, musamman: ''The Orange Sky'' (Ukrainian: « ''Помаранчеве небо»'' ) (2006, wanda Oleksandr Kyryenko ya jagoranta), ''Stop Revolution/Prorvemos!'' (Ukrainian: «''Прорвемось!»'' ) (2006, directed by Ivan Kravchyshyn), ''Orangelove'' (Ukrainian: «''Оранжлав»)'' (2006, ta Alan Badoev ). Daga cikin fina-finan da ke da mafi yawan kasafin kuɗi na farkon shekarun 2000s shine ''Sappho ('' Ukrainian '': Сафо)'' ($ 1.95 miliyan). === Sinimar Ukrain a 2010s === Cigaba wajen samar da fina-finai ya sama karuwa a hankali a Ukraine ya kasance a cikin 2010s. Saboda ci gaban fasaha, rage farashin da kuma masu sauraro da ake bukata na kayayyakin fina-finai na gida (musamman bayan juyin juya halin mutunci ), yawan fina-finai yana karuwa sosai. [https://naglyad.org/uk/2018/01/02/divis-ukrayinske-yak-vitchiznyane-kino-otrimalo-nove-zhittya/] [https://report.if.ua/rozvagy/u-2017-roci-ukrayinski-filmy-pobyly-rekordy-za-kasovymy-zboramy-perelik-najkrashchyh/] Wani sabon ƙarni na masu yin fina-finai sun zo fim ɗin Ukrainian. Ayyukan gama kai na masu gudanarwa na Ukraine suna bayyana: ''Assholes.'' ''Arabesques'' (Ukrainian: «''Мудаки.'' ''Арабески»'' ), ''Ukraine, Barka da zuwa!'' (Ukrainian: «''Україно, ban kwana»'' ), ''Babila'13 ('' Ukrainian: «''Вавилон'13»'' ). Bikin fina-finai na Ukrain, musamman " Molodist ", Odessa International Film Festival, Docudays UA, Wiz-Art, "Open Night", da "86" sun zama mahalarta masu mahimmanci a cikin tsarin cinematographic. Watsa fina-finai na Ukrainian yana samun karuwar nasara. Mafi nasara fina-finai a cikin Ukrainian cinemas ne ''Haramtacciyar daular / Viy'' (Ukrainian: «''Вій»'' ) (akwatin ofishin a Ukraine $ 4.9 miliyan), ''Love a cikin Big City 3'' (Ukrainian: «''Кохання у великому місті 3»'' ) ($ 3.1 miliyan). ), ''8 Mafi kyawun'' Kwanan Wata (Ukrainian: «''8 кращих побачень»'' ) ($ 3.1 miliyan). Wani muhimmin al'amari dangane da ayyukan sinima na Ukrainian shine sabuwar Dokar "A kan Tallafin Jiha don harkokin sinima" [https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1977-19#Text] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211106141834/https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1977-19#Text |date=2021-11-06 }} [https://detector.media/rinok/article/124458/2017-03-24-zakon-pro-kino-ie-revolyutsiynym-navit-u-noviy-redaktsii-opytuvannya/] da aka karɓa a cikin Maris 2017, bisa ga abin da takardun shaida na Ukrainian, ilimi, mai rai, yara, mawallafi da fina-finai na farko na iya amfani da su. don cikakken tallafin jihar don samarwa. === Yawan fina-finan Ukrain da aka saki === Kididdigar fina-finan Ukrain masu tsawo da aka saki (zanuka masu motsi) sun hada da [https://www.cutinsight.com/ua/rekord-v-2016-godu-vyshlo-30-ukrainskih-kinopremer/] [https://zaxid.net/kinoarifmetika_de_i_yak_chasto_ukrayintsi_divlyatsya_kino_n1472077] [https://www.radiosvoboda.org/a/news-ukrainski-filmy-prokat-rekord/29716093.html] [https://mbr.com.ua/uk/news/analytics/1409-boks-ofis-ukrayini-u-2019-roci-novii-rekord-kasovih-zboriv] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210508080227/https://mbr.com.ua/uk/news/analytics/1409-boks-ofis-ukrayini-u-2019-roci-novii-rekord-kasovih-zboriv |date=2021-05-08 }} : * 2006&nbsp;- 4 * 2007&nbsp;- 5 * 2008&nbsp;- 5 * 2009&nbsp;- 2 * 2010&nbsp;- 0 * 2011&nbsp;- 1 * 2012&nbsp;- 6 * 2013&nbsp;- 12 * 2014&nbsp;- 16 * 2015&nbsp;- 24 * 2016&nbsp;- 30 * 2017&nbsp;- 34 * 2018&nbsp;- 35 * 2019-33 == Nasarar sinimar Ukrain a bukukuwan fina-finai na duniya == [[File:Las_Meninas_Poster.jpg|thumb| Hoton Las Meninas]] [[File:OIFF_2014-07-11_133222.jpg|thumb| Sergei Loznitsa a Odessa International Film Festival 2014]] A cikin shekara ta 2001 Taras Tomenko ya lashe kyautar sashen Panorama na bikin Fim na [[51st Berlin International Film Festival|Berlin Film Festival]]. A cikin shekara ta 2003 a Babban Gasa na Berlinale guda ɗaya (bikin fina-finai na Berlin), ɗan gajeren fim ɗin ''Tram No.9'' (Ukrainian: « ''Йшов трамвай 9»'' ) na Ukrainian animator Stepan Koval an ba shi kyautar Silver Bear . A cikin 2005 fim din ''Wayfarers'' (na Ukrain: « ''Подорожн'' і») ta matashin darektan Ukrainian Ihor Strembitsky ya karbi Palme d'Or na Cannes Film Festival . A cikin shekara ta 2008, Ihor Podolchak ya fara halartar bikin fina-finai na duniya na Rotterdam tare da fim ɗin ''Las Meninas'' . Daga baya, fim din ya shiga cikin bukukuwan fina-finai na duniya 27, shirye-shiryen gasa 10 da zaɓi na hukuma. A cikin 2013 an fitar da fim dinsa mai cikakken tsayi na biyu ''Delirium'' . Dukansu fina-finan Podolchak ana ɗaukar su a matsayin misalan zane-zane a cikin sinimar Ukraine ta masu suka. [https://forbes.ua/ua/lifestyle/1375422-rejting-forbes-10-najviznachnishih-kinorezhiseriv-ukrayini/1375431#cut] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729045217/http://forbes.ua/ua/lifestyle/1375422-rejting-forbes-10-najviznachnishih-kinorezhiseriv-ukrayini/1375431#cut |date=2014-07-29 }} A cikin 2011 Maryna Vroda ta sami Palme d'Or a bikin Cannes Film Festival don gajeren fim ɗin ''Cross-Country Run'' (Ukrainian: « ''Кросс»'' ). A cikin 2009 ɗan gajeren fim na biyu na Myroslav Slaboshpytskyi, ''Diagnosis'' (Ukrainian: « ''Діагноз»'' ), an zaɓe shi don bikin Fim na Berlin . A cikin Fabrairu 2010, Slaboshpytskyi sabon ɗan gajeren aiki ''Deafness'' (Ukrainian: « ''Глухота»'' ) ya shiga cikin shirin gasa na Berlinale (Berlin Film Festival). A cikin 2012, fim ɗin Myroslav Slaboshpytskyi na 23-minute film ''Nuclear Waste'' (Ukrainian: «''Ядерні відходи»'') wanda aka dauka a matsayin wani ɓangare na ''Ukraine, Barka da zuwa!'' aikin (Ukrainian: « ''Україно, ban kwana'' !»), ya lashe damisa Azurfa a cikin damisa na gaba shirin gasar a Locarno International Film Festival . A cikin shekara ta 2014, fim ɗin fasalin Myroslav Slaboshpytskyi ''The Tribe'' (Ukrainian: « ''Pлем'я»'' ) ya shiga gasar Cannes Film Festival Critics' Week kuma ya sami lambobin yabo guda uku a lokaci ɗaya - Kyautar Gidauniyar Gan, Kyautar Ganowa da Grand Prix. A cikin shekara ta 2017 a cikin shirin Generation 14plus layi daya sashe na Berlinale fim din ''School No. 3'' (Ukrainian: « ''Школа №3»'' ) directed by Georg Geno da Lisa Smith lashe Grand Prix. Kuma darektan Slovak Peter Bebiak ya sami lambar yabo ga mafi kyawun Daraktan fim ɗin Ukrainian-Slovak ''Borde'' r (Ukrainian: « ''Межа»'' ) a Karlovy Vary Film Festival . A cikin 2018 Serhiy Loznytsia 's ''Donbas'' (Ukrainian: « ''Донбасс»'' ) ya lashe lambar yabo don mafi kyawun aikin gudanarwa a cikin shirin na musamman na Cannes Film Festival. A cikin 2019, Fim ɗin Antonio Lukich ''My Tunani Shiru ne'' (Ukrainian: « ''Мої думки тих'' і») ya lashe Kyautar Jury na Musamman a Bikin Fim na 54th Karlovy Vary International. [http://dergkino.gov.ua/ua/news/show/2074/moyi_dumki_tihi_golosno_prozvuchali_u_karlovih_varah.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200318135136/http://dergkino.gov.ua/ua/news/show/2074/moyi_dumki_tihi_golosno_prozvuchali_u_karlovih_varah.html |date=2020-03-18 }} A cikin shekara ta 2020 cikakken cikakken shirin shirin ''Duniya Yana Shuɗi a matsayin Orange'' (Ukrainian: « ''Земля блакитна, ніби апельсин»'' ) wanda Iryna Tsilyk ya jagoranta ya sami lambar yabo ga mafi kyawun darakta a bikin Fim na Sundance . [https://moviegram.com.ua/winners-sundance-2020/] == Fina-Finan kasar Ukrain a lokacin samun 'yancin kai == === Fina-finai masu isasshen-tsawo na shekarun 1990s-2010s === {| class="wikitable" !Name !Director !Year !Name of the Film Studio |- ! colspan="4" |1991 |- |Afghan Афганець |Volodymyr Mazur |1991 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Kotra Balt Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка, Котра Балт |- |The Bay of Death Bukhta smerti Бухта смерті |Hryhoriy Kokhan, Tymofiy Levchuk |1991 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Skif SPA (Scientific Production Assosiation) ([[Rasha|Russia]]) Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка, НВО «Скиф» (Росія) |- |Rear Window Vikno navproty Вікно навпроти |Eduard Dmytriyev |1991 |Ukrtelefilm Укртелефільм |- |Le siècle des lumières (The age of enlightenment) Vik prosvity Вік просвіти |Humberto Solás |1991 |Yalta-Film Instituto Cubano del Arte e Industrias Cinematográficos (ICAIC) Société Française de Production (SFP) Ялта-фільм, ІКАІК (Куба), СФП (Франція) |- |Loyal Ruslan, A Story of a Guard Dog Вірний Руслан (Історія вартового собаки) Virnyi Ruslan, Istoriya vartovoho sobaky |Volodymyr Khmelnytskyi |1991 |Fest Zemlya CPA(Creative Production Association) Ukrainian Cultural Foundation Swea Sov ([[Sweden]]) ВТО «Фест-Земля», Український фонд культури, СВЕА-СОВ (Швеція) |- |Resurrection Воскресіння мертвих, Voskresinnya mertvykh |Dmytro Bohdanov |1991 |Kyivnaukfilm |- |Famine – 33 Holod – 33 Голод — 33 |Oles Yanchuk |1991 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Fest Zemlya CPA Lisbank Zakarpatskyi Commercial Bank Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка, Закарпатський комерційний банк «Лісбанк», ВТО «Фест-Земля» |- |Lord's fish Hospodnya ryba Господня риба |Viacheslav Kolehaiev |1991 |Odessa Film Studio Odisey CPA Одеська кіностудія художніх фільмів, ВТО «Одіссей» |- |Sin Hrikh Гріх |Oleh Biima |1991 |Ukrtelefilm |- |Deserter Dezertir Дезертир |Vadym Kostromenko |1991 |Odessa Film Studio Odisey CPA Одеська кіностудія художніх фільмів, ВТО «Одіссей» |- |Joker Джокер |Yurii Kuzmenko Yurii Pustovyi |1991 |Odessa Film Studio Flora Academy of Sciences of the USSR of Tsedisi «Флора» (Одеса), «Ника» ЦЕДИСИ АН СССР |- |Road to Paradise Doroha v Paradiz Дорога в Парадіз |Yurii Belyanskyi |1991 |Odessa Film Studio Primodesa-Film CPA Одеська кіновідеостудія, «Прімодеса-фільм» |- |Psychic Екстрасенс Ekstrasens |Gennadi Glagolev |1991 |Odessa Film Studio Primodesa-Film CPA Одеська кіновідеостудія, «Прімодеса-фільм» |- |Woman for all Жінка для всіх Zhinka dlya vsikh |Anatoliy Mateshko |1991 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Pіramіda-Menatep CPA ([[Rasha|Russia]]) Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка, ВТО «Пирамида-Менатеп» (Росія) |- |Who belongs in prison Za kym vyaznytsia plache За ким в'язниця плаче |Heorhiy Kevorkov |1991 |Odessa Film Studio Arcadia CPA Одеська кіновідеостудія нового типу, ВТО «Аркадія» |- |In the time of Guyhan Bey За часів Гайхан-бея Za chasiv Huykhan-beya |Yuriy Suyarko |1991 |Ukrtelefilm |- |From the life of Ostap Vyshnia Iz zhuttya Ostapa Vyshni Із житія Остапа Вишні |Yaroslav Lanchak |1991 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Soyuztelefilm CPA (Russia) Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка, ТВО «Союзтелефільм» (Росія) (телефільм) |- |And to Hell with Us! I chort z namy І чорт з нами |Oleksandr Pavlovskyi |1991 |Odessa Film Studio Sovkhalizh Joint Venture Одеська кіновідеостудія, СП «Совхаліж» |- |Captain Crocus and the mystery of the little conspirators Kapitan Krokus I Tayemnytsya malen’kykh zmovnykiv Капітан Крокус і Таємниця маленьких змовників |Volodymyr Onyshchenko |1991 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Slavutych Film Studio All-Union Centre for Cinema and TV for Children and Youth Всесоюзний центр кіно і телебачення для дітей та юнацтва, «Славутич», Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка |- |Carpathian Gold Karpats’ke zoloto Карпатське золото |Viktor Zhyvolub |1991 |Volia-XX Film Studio ''(''Kyiv) «Воля-ХХ» (Київ) |- |Kitenka Kytsen’ka Киценька |Viktor Vasylenko |1991 |Ukrtelefilm Lybid CPA Укртелефільм, ВТО «Либідь» |- |Cossacks are coming Kozaky idut’ Козаки йдуть |Serhiy Omelchuk |1991 |Ros National Cultural Production Centre Kyiv Scientific and Production Association Tsukroburiaky All-Ukrainian Union Svema Національно-культурний виробничий центр «Рось», Київське НВО «Цукробуряки», Шосткінське ВО «Свема» |- |Blood for Blood Krov za krov Кров за кров |Yurіy Kolcheiev |1991 |Odesa CPA Mosfilm ВТО «Одеса», «Мосфільм» |- |Cruise, or the divorce trip Kruyiz, abo Podorozh rozluchennya Круїз, або подорож розлучення |Oksana Bairak |1991 |NEP-Film (Kyiv) «НЕП-фільм» (Київ) |- |Courier to the east Kuryer na ckhid Кур'єр на схід |Oleksandr Basaty Murat Dzhusoity Олександр Басати, Мурат Джусойти |1991 |FB-33 Film Studio «ФБ-33» (Одеса) |- |Love. A deadly game… Lyubov. Smertel’na hra Любов. Смертельна гра... |Serhіy Ashkenazі Сергій Ашкеназі |1991 |Odessa Film Studio Одеська кіновідеостудія нового типу |- |A man in a green kimono Lyudyna v zelenomu kimono Людина в зеленому кімоно |Tamerlan Karhaiev Borys Kantemyrov Тамерлан Каргаєв, Борис Кантемиров |1991 |Odessa Film Studio Skif-Ippon Sports Cooperative Одеська кіновідеостудія, Спортивний кооператив «Скіф-Іппон» |- |Honeymoon Medovyi misiats Медовий місяць |Serhii Ivanov Сергій Іванов |1991 |Panorama International Youth Arts Club (Kyiv) Інтернаціональний молодіжний клуб мистецтв «Панорама» (Київ) |- |Sweetheart you are mine Malen’kyi ty miy Миленький ти мій.. |Tymur Zoloiev Тимур Золоєв |1991 |''ASK'' Branch of the Joint Venture ''i''n Kyiv Філіал СП «АСК» в місті Києві, МП «Бізнес-АСК» (Київ) |- |Myna Mazaylo Мина Мазайло |Serhii Proskurnya Сергій Проскурня |1991 |Ukrtelefilm Укртелефільм |- |Sea wolf Morskyi vovk Морський вовк |Іhor Apasyan Ігор Апасян |1991 |Odisey CPA ВТО «Одіссей» |- |My neighbor Moya susidka Моя сусідка |Klym Chymidov Клим Чимідов |1991 |Odessa Film Studio Одеська кіностудія художніх фільмів |- |The bells did not play for us when we were dying Nam dzvony ne hraly koly my vmyraly Нам дзвони не грали, коли ми вмирали |Mykola Fediuk Микола Федюк |1991 |Halychyna Film Studio Галичина-фільм |- |People's Malachi Narodnyi Malakhiy Народний Малахій |Rostyslav Synko Ростислав Синько |1991 |Ukrtelefilm Укртелефільм |- |Unidentified person Nevstanovlena osoba Невстановлена особа |Nataliya Zbandut Наталія Збандут |1991 |Odessa Film Studio Одеська кіновідеостудія |- |Niagara Niahara Ніагара |Oleksandr Vizyr Олександр Візир |1991 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка |- |Nude in a hat Oholena v kapelyusi Оголена в капелюсі |Alexandr Polynnikov Алєксандр Полинніков |1991 |Aura Film Studio (Odesa) Студія «Аура» (Одеса) |- |Captain Blood: His Odyssey Odisseya kapitana Blada Одіссея капітана Блада |Andriy Prachenko Андрій Праченко |1991 |Yalta-Film Société Française de Production (SFP) Ялта-фільм, СФП (Франція), Кіностудія імені Горького (Росія) |- |Personal weapons Osobysta zbroya Особиста зброя |Anatoliy Bukovskyi Анатолій Буковський |1991 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Soyuztelefilm CPA Gorky Film Studio (Russia) Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка, Союзтелефільм (Росія) |- |The last bunker Ostanniy bunker Останній бункер |Vadym Illienko Вадим Іллєнко |1991 |Fest Zemlya CPA (Kyiv) ВТО «Фест-Земля» (Київ) |- |Guardian Okhoronets Охоронець |Anatoliy Ivanov Анатолій Іванов |1991 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Pіramіda-Menatep CPA(Russia) Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка, ВТО «Пирамида-Менатеп» (Росія) |- |Pavlo Polubotok Павло Полуботок |Vіktor Rabochek В. Рабочек |1991 |Ukrtelefilm Укртелефільм |- |Exiled Pamyatai/Izhoi Пам'ятай / Ізгой |Volodymyr Saveliev Володимир Савельєв |1992 |Fest Zemlya CPA Filmkunst CCC (Germany) ВТО «Фест-Земля», «ССС-Фільмкунст» (Німеччина) |- |Gentlemen artists Panove artysty Панове артисти |Vasyl Panin Василь Панін |1991 |Yalta-Film Americus Enterprise Ялта-фільм, Амерікус Ентерпрайзіс (США) |- |Birthday gift Podarunok na imemyny Подарунок на іменини |Leonid Osyka Леонід Осика |1991 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка |- |Poltergeist-90 Polterheist – 90 Полтергейст-90 |Vladyslav Semernin Borys Zahriazhskyi Владислав Сємєрнін, Борис Загряжський |1991 |Odesa CPA Strannik LLC (Odesa) ТО «Одеса», «Странник» (Одеса) |- |Postscriptum Postskryptum Постскриптум |Valentyn Voiko Валентин Войко |1991 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка |- |A kiss from afar Potsilunok zdalya Поцілунок здаля |A. Karpynov А. Карпинов |1991 |''XXI vik'' Film Studio «Кіностудія XXI» |- |Waking up in Shanghai Prokynutysya u Shankhai Прокинутися у Шанхаї |Mykola Siedniev Микола Сєднєв |1991 |Flora Film Studio Debyut Creative Association (CA) (Odesa) «Флора», ТО «Дебют» (Одеса), ЮЗО ЦЕДІСІ АН СРСР |- |Breakthrough Proryv Прорив |Yevhen Sherstobytov Євген Шерстобитов |1991 |Kinematohrafist Film Studio (Kyiv) «Кінематографіст» (Київ) |- |Desert Pustelya Пустеля |Mykhaylo Kats Михайло Кац |1991 |Odisey CA Dyahilev-Tsentr International Charitable Foundation Soyuztelefilm CPA ТО «Одіссей» (Одеса), «Дягилев-Центр» (Росія), «Держтелефильм СРСР» |- |Seven Days with a Russian Beauty Sim dniv z rosiys’koyu krasuneyu Сім днів з російською красунею |Yurіi Volodarskyi Heorhіy Delіiev Юрій Володарський, Георгій Делієв |1991 |Golden Duke Audience Center (Odesa) Глядацький центр «Золотий Дюк» (Одеса) |- |Sniper Snayper Снайпер |Andrіi Benkendorf Бенкендорф Андрій Олександрович |1991 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Skif SPA (Russia) Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка, НВО «Скиф» (Росія) |- |Tango of death Tanho smerti Танго смерті |Oleksandr Muratov Олександр Муратов |1991 |Ros National Cultural Production Centre Національно-культурний виробничий центр «Рось» |- |Hold on, Cossack! Trymaysya kozache! Тримайся, козаче! |Vіktor Semanіv Віктор Семанів |1991 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка |- |Murder in Sunshine-Menor Vbyvstvo v Sanshayn-Menor Вбивство в Саншайн-Менор |Boris Nebіierіdze Борис Небієрідзе |1991 |Yalta-Film Kinkom Film Studio (Russia) Ялта-фільм, «Кинком» (Росія) |- |Kill the Jackal Ubyty shakala Убити «Шакала» |Hrihorіy Kokhan Григорій Кохан |1991 |Kyiv- ASK Film Studio Кіностудія «Київ — АСК» |- |Attention, Witches! Uvaha, vid’my! Увага, відьми! |Oleksandr Amelіn Олександр Амелін |1991 |Odessa Film Studio Odissey CPA Одеська кіностудія художніх фільмів, ВТО «Одіссей» |- |Fandango for a monkey Fandanho dlia mavpochky Фанданго для мавпочки |Oleksandr Burko Олександр Бурко |1991 |Odesa CPA ВТО «Одеса» |- |The Clearing Feofaniya, yaka malyuye smert’ Феофанія, яка малює смерть |Vladimir Alienikov Владімір Алєніков |1991 |Odessa Film Studio Babylon Productions Kodak Films «Вавилон», «Кодак-філмз» (США), Одеська кіностудія художніх фільмів |- |The price of the head Tsina holovy Ціна голови |Mykola Ilyinskyi Микола Ільїнський |1991 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Skif SPA (Russia) Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка, НВО «Скиф» (Росія) |- |Werewolf hour Chas perevertnya Час перевертня |Ihor Shevchenko Ігор Шевченко |1991 |TIRS Film Production Company (Odesa) Кінофірма «ТІРС» (Одеса) |- |A miracle in the land of oblivion Chudo v krayu zabuttya Чудо в краю забуття |Natalya Motuzko Наталя Мотузко |1991 |Odesa Film Studio Одеська кіновідеостудія |- |Damn Drunkard Chortiv pyanytsya Чортів п'яниця |Yuriy Manusov Юрій Манусов |1991 |Hraal CPA ВТО «Грааль» |- ! colspan="4" |1992 |- |American boy Ameryken boy Америкен бой |Borys Kvashniov Борис Квашньов |1992 |Ukrtelefilm Lybid CPA Univeks Limited Liability Company Укртелефільм, ВТО «Либідь», «Унівекс» |- |Bolero, or Provincial Melodrama Bolero, abo provintsiyna melodrama Болеро, або провінційна мелодрама |Mykhaylo Bezchasnov Михайло Безчастнов |1992 |Dzerkalo Company (Odesa) Фірма «Дзеркало» (Одеса) |- |Abduction of Europe Vykradennya Yevropy Викрадення Європи |Murat Dzhusoyti (Dzhusoyev) Мурат Джусоєв |1992 |Odesa CA (Odesa) ТО «Одеса» (Одеса) |- |Cherry nights Vyshnevi nochi Вишневі ночі |Arkadiy Mykulskyi Аркадій Микульський |1992 |Ros National Cultural Production Centre Національно-культурний виробничий центр «Рось» |- |The higher truth of the bomber Alexei /Night of the Sinner Byshcha istyna bombista Oleksiya/Nich hrishnykiv Вища істина бомбіста Олексія / Ніч грішників |Dmytro Kostromenko Дмитро Костроменко |1992 |Odisey CPA(Odesa) ВТО «Одісей» (Одеса) |- |Wedding with death Vinchannya zi smertyu Вінчання зі смертю |Mykola Mashchenko Микола Мащенко |1992 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка, Студія «ХХI вік» |- |That Part of Heaven… V tiy tsaryni nebes… В тій царині небес... |Ihor Chernytskyi Ігор Черницький |1992 |Slavuta Film Production Company (Kyiv), with the participation of the Volgograd Tractor Plant Кінофірма «Славута» (Київ), за участі Волгоградського тракторного заводу |- |In the mist V tumani В тумані |Serhii Linkov Сергій Лінков |1992 |Odessa Film Studio Одеська кіностудія художніх фільмів |- |The voice of the grass Holos travy Голос трави |Natalya Motuzko Наталя Мотузко |1992 |Odessa Film Studio Одеська кіностудія художніх фільмів |- |Lord, forgive us sinners! Hospody, prosty nas hrishnykh! Господи, прости нас грішних! |Artur Voitetskyi Артур Войтецький |1992 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка |- |The game is serious Гра всерйоз |Anatoliy Ivanov Анатолій Іванов |1992 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Iren World Trade Center (Russia) Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка, ВТЦ «Ирен» (Росія) |- |Black Moon Degree Hradus chornoho misyatsya Градус чорного Місяця |Natalia Kirakozova Наталія Кіракозова |1992 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Debyut CA (Odesa) Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка, ТО «Дебют» |- |Storm Over Russia Hroza nad Russyu Гроза над Руссю |Oleksii Saltykov Олексій Салтиков |1992 |Hlasnist-5 Producer's Cooperative (Kharkiv) Виробничий кооператив «Гласність-5» (Харків) |- |Daphnis and Chloe Dafnis I Khloya Дафніс і Хлоя |Yuriy Kuz’menko Юрій Кузьменко |1992 |Odesa Branch of Strannik LLC Одеське відділення ТОВ «Странник» |- |Child by November Dytyna do lystopadu Дитина до листопаду |Oleksandr Pavlovskyi Олександр Павловський |1992 |Odessa Film Studio Arcadia CPA Одеська кіностудія художніх фільмів, ВТО «Аркадія» |- |For the home Dlya domashnyoho ohnyshcha/Dlya simeynoho ohnyshcha Для домашнього огнища / Для сімейного огнища |Borys Savchenko Борис Савченко |1992 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка |- |The road is nowhere Doroha nikudy Дорога нікуди |Oleksandr Muratov Олександр Муратов |1992 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка |- |Squadron Eskadron Ескадрон |Juliusz Machulski Юліуш Махульський |1992 |Arkadiia CPA (Odesa) Zebra Film Studio (Poland) ВТО «Аркадія» (Одеса), студія «Зебра» (Польща) |- |Horror Zhakh Жах |Yurіi Suyarko Юрій Суярко |1992 |Ukrtelefilm Укртелефільм |- |For Natusia's sake Zarady Natusya Заради Натуся |Yurіi Suyarko Юрій Суярко |1992 |Ukrtelefilm Укртелефільм |- |A sinister fate Zlovisna dolya Зловісна доля |Yurіi Suyarko Юрій Суярко |1992 |Ukrtelefilm Укртелефільм |- |Ivan and the Mare Ivan ta kobyla Іван та кобила |Volodymyr Fesenko Володимир Фесенко |1992 |Ros National Cultural Production Centre Національно-культурний виробничий центр «Рось» |- |The Ideal Couple Idealna para Ідеальна пара |Aleksandr Polynnikov Алєксандр Полинніков |1992 |Aura Studio (Odesa) MIKO Company (Saint-Petersburg) Студія «Аура» (Одеса), фірма «МИКО» (Санкт-Петербург) |- |Kyiev applicants Kyivski prokhachi Київські прохачі |Rostyslav Synko Ростислав Синько |1992 |Ukrtelefilm Укртелефільм |- |Oxygen Starvation Kysnevyi holod Кисневий голод |Andrіi Donchyk Андрій Дончик |1992 |Kobza International Corporation (Canada) Kobza Joint Venture (Ukraine, Canada) Peremoha Fish Farm Кобза Інтернейшнл Корпорейшн (Канада), СП «Кобза» (Україна, Канада), рибоколгосп «Перемога» |- |The Lame Shall Enter First Kulhavi uviidyt pershi Кульгаві увійдуть перші |Mykhaylo Kats Михайло Кац |1992 |Eksperyment Film Studio (Odesa) Кіностудія «Експеримент» (Одеса) |- |Bench "Ruby and ..." Lavka "Rubinchyk i…” Лавка «Рубінчик і...» |Yuriy Sadomskyi Юрій Садомський |1992 |Odesa CPA ВТО «Одеса» |- |Man K. Liudyna K. Людина К. |Serhii Rakhmanin Сергій Рахманін (кінорежисер) |1992 |Odesa CPA under the aegis of the Nord-Bank ВТО «Одеса» під егідою «Норд-банку» |- |Human happiness Lyudske shchastia Людське щастя |Serhii Dudka Сергій Дудка |1992 |Ukrtelefilm Укртелефільм |- |A melodrama with attempted murder Melodrama iz zamakhom na vbyvstvo Мелодрама із замахом на вбивство |Mykola Maletskyi Микола Малецький |1992 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Ekran Studio Promin Kyiv Commercial Centre Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка, ТО «Экран», Київський комерційний центр «Промінь» |- |Dead without burial or Hunting for rats Mertvi bez pokhovannya, abo polyuvannya na patsyukiv Мертві без поховання, або полювання на пацюків |Ihor Apasian Ігор Апасян |1992 |TOR Film Studio TIRS Film Production Company (Odesa) Кіностудія «ТОР» фірми «ТІРС» (Одеса) |- |Sitter Naturnyk Натурник |Victor Vasylenko Віктор Василенко |1992 |Ukrtelefilm Укртелефільм |- |Don't Fly Away, Earthling! Ne vidlitay, zemlyanyn! Не відлітай, землянин |Dmytro Kostromenko Дмитро Костроменко |1992 |Soyuztelefilm CPA Odisey CPA ВТО «Одісей» (Одеса), «Союзтелефильм» (Росія) |- |You’re such a witch Nu ty i vidma… Ну ти й відьма... |Eduard Dmytriiev Едуард Дмитрієв |1992 |Ukrtelefilm Укртелефільм |- |Vow Obitnytsya Обітниця |Vasyl Illiashenko Василь Ілляшенко |1992 |Dovzhenko Film Studio XXI vik Film Studio Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка, Кіностудія «XXI вік» |- |Web Павутиння |Oleksandr Amelіn Олександр Амелін |1992 |Odisey CPA ВТО «Одісей» (Одеса) |- |Air pirates Povitriani piraty Повітряні пірати |Dmytro Kostromenko Дмитро Костроменко |1992 |Odesa CPA Duma LLC with participation of Odesa Film Studio and Odesa Shipyard No.1 ВТО «Одеса» (Одеса), «Дума», за участі Одеського судноремонтного заводу № 1 та Одеського кіновідеопрокату |- |Fashionable Po-modnomu По-модньому |Yurіi Nekrasov Юрій Некрасов |1992 |Ukrtelefilm |- |Shot in the coffin Postril v truni Постріл в труні |Mykola Zasieiev-Rudenko Микола Засєєв-Руденко |1992 |Dovzhenko Film Studio XXI vik Film Studio Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка, Кіностудія «XXI вік» |- |Ask, and you shall receive Prosit, I bude vam/ Hospody, pochui molytvy moii Просіть, і буде вам / Господи, почуй молитву мою |Natalia Bondarchuk |1992 |Odissey Production Company Vyvaton Company Soyuztelefilm CPA |- |Birds from an invisible island Ptakhy nevydymoho ostrova Птахи невидимого острова |Ye. Zakharevych, I. Korniichuk |1992 |Ukrtelefilm |- |Season of the naked heart Sezon oholenoho sertsia Сезон оголеного серця |Oleksandr Burko Олександр Бурко |1992 |Odesa CPA ВТО «Одеса» (Одеса) |- |Hearts of three Sertsya tryokh Серця трьох |Volodymyr Popkov Володимир Попков |1992 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Yalta-film Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка, Ялтинська кіностудія |- |Rural adventures Sil's’ki buval’shchyny Сільські бувальщини |Yurii Nekrasov Юрій Некрасов |1992 |Ukrtelefilm Укртелефільм |- |Seven to forty Sim sorok Сім сорок |Oleksandr Yeremieiev Олександр Єремєєв |1992 |TOR Film Studio TIRS Film Production Company (Odesa) Кіностудія «ТОР», «ТІРС» (Одеса) |- |In the beginning was the word Spochatku bulo slovo Спочатку було слово |Yurii Solomin Юрій Соломін |1992 |Odessa Film Studio Hraal CPA (Odesa) Russian National Bank Torras Joint-stock Company Одеська кіностудія художніх фільмів, ВТО «Грааль» (Одеса), Російського Національного банку, АО «Торрас» |- |The Secret of the Villa Tayemnytsya villy Таємниця вілли |Yurii Zharykov Юрій Жариков |1992 |21st Century Studio Студія «ХХI вік» |- |Hungarian Medea Uhors’ka Medeya Угорська Медея |Volodymyr Zinchenko В. Зінченко |1992 |Ukrtelefilm Укртелефільм |- |Fatal diamonds Fatal’ni diamanty Фатальні діаманти |Boris Nebіierіdze Борис Небієрідзе |1992 |Ukrtelefilm Lybid CPA Укртелефільм, ВТО «Либідь» |- |I Want Your Husband Khochu vashoho cholovika Хочу вашого чоловіка |Serhіi Nykonenko Сергій Никоненко |1992 |Odessa Film Studio Arcadiia CPA Одеська кіностудія художніх фільмів, ВТО «Аркадія» |- |Dandelion Blossom Tsvitinnya kul’baby Цвітіння кульбаби |Oleksandr Іhnatusha Олександр Ігнатуша |1992 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка |- |Chas Iks X-hour Час Ікс |Oleksandr Burtsev Олександр Бурцев |1992 |Odessa Film Studio Одеська кіностудія художніх фільмів |- |Chench Ченч |Roman Hai Роман Гай |1992 |Aspark Film (Odesa) «Аспарк-фільм» (Одеса) |- |Four sheets of plywood Chotyry lysty fanery Чотири листи фанери |Saido Kurbanov Сайдо Курбанов |1992 |Ukrainian Film and Video Company (Kyiv) Українська кіно-відео фірма (Київ) |- |The Sentimental Policeman Chutlyvyi militsioner Чутливий міліціонер |Kira Muratova Кіра Муратова |1992 |Primodesa-Film Production Company (Odesa) ParaMedia (Moscow) «Прімодеса-фільм» (Одеса), «Парамедиа» (Москва) |- |That we were attacked by money Shchob nan as napaly hroshi Щоб на нас напали гроші |Іhor Kozlov-Petrovskyi Ігор Козлов-Петровський |1992 |Iuh-Firm Studio (Odesa) Студія «Юг-фільм» (Одеса) |} {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="4" |1993 |- |Brave Guys Bravi khloptsi Браві хлопці |Mykola Zasieiev-Rudenko Микола Засєєв-Руденко |1993 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Impex Group LCC Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка, «Імпекс група» Лімітед Компані Корпорейшн |- |Hunt for the Cossack Gold Vpered, za skarbamy hetmana Вперед, за скарбами гетьмана! |Vadym Castelli Вадим Кастеллі |1993 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Fest Zemlya CPA Omnisphere Ukraine Investments (USA) Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка, «Фест-Земля», Омнісфера Юкрейн Інвестментс (США) |- |Kleinods of Hetman Hetmanski kleinody Гетьманські клейноди |Leonid Osyka Леонід Осика |1993 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка |- |Sinner in the Mask Hrishnytsia v mastsi Грішниця в масці |Svitlana Ilinska Світлана Ільїнська |1993 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка |- |Wild Love Dyka liubov Дика любов |Villen Novak Віллен Новак |1993 |Odessa Film Studio Одеська кіностудія художніх фільмів |- |Spirits of Hell Dukhy pekla Духи пекла |Yurіi Muzyka Юрій Музика |1993 |Kaskader Film «Каскадер-фільм» |- |Jews, Cheers! Yevrei, budmo! Євреї будьмо! |Viktor Vasylenko Віктор Василенко |1992 |Ukrtelefilm Zoloti Vorota Studio Partner SE Укртелефільм, Студія «Золоті ворота», МП «Партнер» |- |Champs Elysees Yelyseiski polia Єлисейські поля |Oleksii Levchenko Олексій Левченко |1993 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Ch Studio Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка, Студія «Ч» |- |The Smell of Autumn Zapakh oseni Запах осені |Victor Nozdriukhin-Zabolotnyi Віктор Ноздрюхін-Заболотний |1993 |EDF Film Company Кінофірма «ЕДФ» |- |Hostages of Fear Zaruchnyky strakhu Заручники страху |Oleksandr Vizyr Олександр Візир |1993 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Ch Studio, supported by Lisbank Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка, Студія «Ч», підтримка «Лісбанку» |- |The Capture Zakhoplennia Захоплення |Kira Muratova Кіра Муратова |1993 |Odessa Film Studio (Ukraine) Nikola-Film Radio and TV Broadcasting (RTB) (Russia) Одеська кіновідеостудія (Україна), РТВ «Нікола-фільм» (Росія) |- |Marshmallow in Chocolate Zefir v shokoladi Зефір в шоколаді |Oleksandr Pavlovskyi Олександр Павловський |1993 |AVA CPA (Odesa) ВТО «АВА» (Одеса) |- |Conspiracy of Skurlatai Zmova Skurlataiv Змова скурлатаїв |Volodymyr Pozdniakov Володимир Поздняков |1993 |Flora (Odesa) «Флора» (Одеса) |- |Golden Chicken Zolote kurcha Золоте курча |Volodymyr Krainiev Володимир Крайнєв |1993 |Slavuta Film Company (Kyiv) Кінофірма «Славута» (Київ) |- |The Gold of the Party Zoloto partii Золото партії |Anatolii Ivanov Анатолій Іванов |1993 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Impex Group LCC Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка, «Імпекс група» Лімітед Компані Корпорейшн |- |Other Inshyi Інший / Другий |Serhii Rakhmanin Сергій Рахманін |1993 |Kona-Prim CPA Nord-Bank (Odesa) ВТО «Кона-прим». «Норд-Банк» (Одеса) |- |Kaidash's Family Kaidasheva simia Кайдашева сім'я |Volodymyr Horodko Володимир Городько |1993 |Kozak Consortium Консорціум «Козак» |- |To Whom Up, to Whom Down Komu vhoru, komu vnyz Кому вгору, кому вниз |Stanislav Klymenko Станіслав Клименко |1993 |Ros NCPS Національно-культурний виробничий центр «Рось» |- |La Cumparsita Cumparsita Кумпарсіта |Alieksandr Polynnikov Алєксандр Полинніков |1993 |Aura Studio (Odesa) MIKO Firm (St. Petersburg) Студія «Аура» (Одеса), фірма «МИКО» (Санкт-Петербург) |- |Lenin in the Ring of Fire Lenin u vohnennomu kiltsi Ленін у вогненному кільці |Nikolai Litus Микола Літус |1993 |Istyna Artistic and Creative Association of Writers and Cinematographers Художньо-творче об'єднання письменників і кінематографістів «Істина» |- |A Night of Questions Nich pytan Ніч питань |Tetiana Mahar Тетяна Магар |1993 |Convet Company Фірма «Конвет» |- |Paid in Advance... Oplacheno zavchasno… Оплачено завчасно... |Oksana Bairak Оксана Байрак |1993 |NEP-Film LTD Film Production Company Кінокомпанія «НЕП-фільм ЛТД» |- |Fuzhou Ochikuiuchy vantazh na reidi Fuzhou Bilia pahody/ Fuzhou Очікуючи вантаж на рейді Фучжоу біля пагоди / Фучжоу |Mykhailo Illienko Михайло Іллєнко |1993 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка |- |In a Straight Line Po priamii По прямій |Serhii Chliiants Сергій Чліянц |1993 |Odyseus CPA (Odesa) ВТО «Одісей» (Одеса) |- |Passion for Angelica Prystrasti za Anzhelikoiu Пристрасті за Анжелікою |Alieksandr Polynnikov Алєксандр Полинніков |1992 |Aura Studio (Odesa) MIKO Firm (St. Petersburg) Студія «Аура» (Одеса), фірма «МИКО» (Санкт-Петербург) |- |About Mad Love, Sniper and Cosmonaut Pro shalene kohannia, snaipera i kosmonavta Про шалене кохання, снайпера і космонавта |Dmytro Tomashpolskyi Дмитро Томашпольський |1992 |Alliance-Concern JSC Arii Studio (Kyiv) АТ «Альянс-Концерн», Студія «Арій» (Київ) |- |Summertime Sammertaim Саммертайм |Serhii Stasenko Сергій Стасенко |1993 |Odyseus CPA (Odesa) ВТО «Одісей» (Одеса) |- |The Secret Echelon Secretnyi eshelon Секретний ешелон |Yaroslav Lupii Ярослав Лупій |1993 |Blahovest Film and Video Studio, commissioned by the State Cinematography Fund of Ukraine, with the participation of Apol, with the assistance of Odessa Film Factory Кіновідеостудія «Благовест», на замовлення Державного фонду кінематографії України, за участі підприємства «Аполь», при сприянні кінокомбінату «Одеса-фільм» |- |Hearts of Three – 2 Sertsia trokh – 2 Серця трьох – 2 |Volodymyr Popkov Володимир Попков |1992 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Yalta Film Studio Guild of Film Artists of Ukraine Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка, Ялтинська кіностудія, Гільдія художників кіно України |- |A Method of Murder Sposib vbyvstva Спосіб вбивства |Oleh Hoida Олег Гойда |1993 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Ch Studio Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка, Студія «Ч» |- |Istanbul Transit Stambulskyi tranzyt Стамбульський транзит |Hryhorii Kokhan Григорій Кохан |1993 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Ch Studio Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка, Студія «Ч» |- |Outsider/ Giraffe Storonnii/ Zhyrafa Сторонній / Жирафа |Volodymyr Klimov Володимир Клімов |1993 |Mustang «Мустанг» |- |Cockroach Races Tarhaniachi perehony Тарганячі перегони |Roman Hai Роман Гай |1993 |Prometheus Military Patriotic Association (MPA) of soldiers-internationalists (Odesa) ВПО «Прометей» воїнів-інтернаціоналістів (Одеса) |- |In Search of a Millionaire U poshykakh milionerky У пошуках мільйонерки |Volodymyr Artemenko Володимир Артеменко |1993 |Ukrainian Newsreel Kyiv Theater of Satire «Укркінохроніка», Київський театр сатири |- |The Formula of Ecstasy Formula ekstazu Формула екстазу |Ihor Kozlov-Petrovskyi Ігор Козлов-Петровський |1993 |Yuh-Film Studio (Odesa) Студія «Юг-фільм» (Одеса) |- |Men's Company Cholovicha kompaniia Чоловіча компанія |Andrii Rostotskyi Андрій Ростоцький |1993 |Tonis TV Company (Kyiv) MB Intercom Телекомпанія «Тоніс» (Київ), ПКП «Інтерком» |- |I Love Ya liubliu Я люблю |Oleksandr Chernykh Олександр Черних |1993 |Alina Firm Ekran CA Ostankino TVRC (Russia) Фірма «Аліна», ТО «Экран», ТРК «Останкино» (Росія) |- |On My Own Ya sama Я сама |Ihor Maksymchuk Ігор Максимчук |1993 |Odyseus CPA Dohma (Odesa) ВТО «Одісей», «Догма» (Одеса) |- ! colspan="4" |1994 |- |Afghan-2 Afhanets-2 Афганець-2 |Volodymyr Mazyr Володимир Мазур |1994 |Ukrainian Union of Veterans of Afghanistan Chervona Ruta SE Aval Bank Українська спілка ветеранів Афганістану, МП «Червона Рута», Банк «Аваль» |- |A Cheerful Trip Veselenka poizdka Веселенька поїздка |Borys Nebiieridze Борис Небієрідзе |1994 |CCG Yalta Film RDFTO (Russia) ТОНАП, «Ялта-фильм», РОСТО (Росія) |- |A Ransom Vykup Викуп |Volodymyr Balkashynov Володимир Балкашинов |1994 |Tana-TV Company Nord-Bank Primodesa-Film Телекомпанія «Тана-ТВ», «Норд-Банк», «Прімодеса-фільм» |- |A Prison Viaznytsia В'язниця |Oksana Abdulaieva Оксана Абдулаєва |1994 |Panorama Studio Студія «Панорама» |- |Down with Shame! Het sorom! Геть сором! |Oleksandr Muratov Олександр Муратов |1994 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка |- |A Few Love Stories Dekilka liubivnykh istorii Декілька любовних історій |Andrii Benkendorf Бенкендорф Андрій Олександрович |1994 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Seelex Firm Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка, фірма «Seelex» |- |A Road to the Sich Doroha na Sich Дорога на Січ |Serhii Omelchuk Сергій Омельчук |1994 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Strouks SE Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка, МП «Строукс» |- |A Cruel Fantasy Zhorstoka fantaziia Жорстока фантазія |Olena Demianenko Олена Дем'яненко |1994 |Liga-D (Ukraine), with the participation of Kinorama ([[Lithuania]]) Ліга-Д (Україна), за участі фірми «Кінорама» (Литва) |- |Mephistopheles Notes Zapysky kyrpatoho Mefistofelia Записки кирпатого Мефістофеля |Yurii Liashenko Юрій Ляшенко |1994 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка |- |The Pirate Empire Imperiia pirativ Імперія піратів |Hryhor Hardushian Григор Гардушян |1994 |Yalta Film Studio East-West Russian-British CA Golden Duke Audience Center Кіностудія «Ялта-фильм», Російсько-Британська творча Асоціація «Іст-Вест», Глядацький центр «Золотий дюк» |- |The Man from the Team "Alpha" Liudyna z komandy "Alfa” Людина з команди «Альфа» |Nebiieridze Borys Небієрідзе Борис Костянтинович |1994 |Ukrtelefilm Lybid CPA Укртелефільм, ВТО «Либідь» |- |Monsieur Robin Msie Robina Мсьє Робіна |Oleksandr Burko Олександр Бурко |1994 |Beseder (Odesa) «Беседер» (Одеса) |- |Born of God/Born from Above Narodzheni vid boha/ Narodzheni vyshche Народжені від бога / Народжені вище |Mykola Kosheliev Микола Кошелєв |1994 |Odessa Film Studio Одеська кіновідеостудія |- |The Parable Prytcha Притча |Vasyl Illiashenko Василь Ілляшенко |1994 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка |- |The Fifth Corner Piatyi kut П'ятий кут |Ihor Kozlov-Petrovskyi, Oleksandr Moriev Ігор Козлов-Петровський, Олександр Морєв |1994 |Yuh-Film Studio (Odesa) Фірма «Юг-фільм» (Одеса) |- |Josephine the Singer and the Mouse People Spivachka Zhozefina I Myshachyi Narod Співачка Жозефіна й Мишачий Народ |Serhii Masloboishchykov Сергій Маслобойщиков |1994 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Innoww-Film (Germany) Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка, «Інновв-фільм» (Німеччина) |- |The Hunters and the Hunted Tyhrolovy Тигролови |Rostyslav Synko Ростислав Синько |1994 |Ukrtelefilm Укртелефільм |- |Tryn-bryn Тринь-бринь |Radomyr Vasylevskyi Радомир Василевський |1994 |Odessa Film Studio Одеська кіновідеостудія |- |A Man of Easy Virtue Cholovik lehkoi povedinky Чоловік легкої поведінки |Alieksandr Polynnikov Алєксандр Полинніков |1994 |Odesa cpa MIKO Firm (St. Petersburg) ВТО «Одеса», фірма «МИКО» (Санкт-Петербург) |- |Shamara Shamara Шамара |Nataliia Andriichenko Наталія Андрійченко |1994 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка |- ! colspan="4" |1995 |- |Assassination. An Autumn Murder in Munich Atentant – Osinnie vbyvstvo u Miunkheni Атентат — Осіннє вбивство у Мюнхені |Oles Yanchuk Олесь Янчук |1995 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Oles-Film Studio Ukrainian Congressional Committee of America Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка, Студія «Олесь-фільм», Український Конгресовий комітет Америки |- |We Will Live Budemo zhyty Будемо жити |Dmytro Tomashpolskyi Дмитро Томашпольський |1995 |Dity Meliesa Film Company (Kyiv) Кінокомпанія «Діти Мельєса» (Київ) |- |Gelli and Nok Helli i Nok Геллі і Нок |Vadym Illienko Вадим Іллєнко |1995 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Yalta Film Studio Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка, кіностудія «Ялта-фильм» |- |Gemini Man Dviinyk Двійник |Oleksii Maistrenko, Artur Hural Олексій Майстренко, Артур Гураль |1995 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Triuk Maister Film Company Triuk Film Company Maister CA Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка, кінокомпанія «Трюк майстер», кінокомпанія «Трюк», ТО «Майстер» |- |Jesus, the Son of the Living God Isus, syn Boha zhyvoho Ісус, син Бога живого |Fedir Stryhun Федір Стригун |1995 |Halychyna-film Галичина-фільм |- |It Is Better to Be Beautiful and Rich Krashche buty vrodlyvoiu I bahatoiu Краще бути вродливою і багатою |Felix Bayon, Valentyna Kobliuk Фелікс Байон, Валентина Коблюк |1995 |Ukrtelefilm Manfred Film ([[Jamus|Germany]]) Dialogue Film ([[Hungariya|Hungary]]) DOM Studio ([[Poland]]) Polish Television Укртелефільм, «Манфред-фільм» (Німеччина), «Діалог-фільм» (Угорщина), студія «ДОМ» (Польща), Польське телебачення |- |The Muscovite-Wizard Moskal-charivnyk Москаль-чарівник |Mykola Zasieiev-Rudenko Микола Засєєв-Руденко |1995 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка |- |A Raid Наліт |Ihor Shevchenko Ігор Шевченко |1995 |Orion Film Company, Odesa CPA Кінокомпанія «Оріон», ВТО «Одеса» |- |Beware! Red Mercury Oberezhno! Chervona rtut Обережно! Червона ртуть |Anatolii Ivanov Анатолій Іванов |1995 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка |- |The "J" Object Об'єкт «Джей» |Volodymyr Onyshchenko Володимир Онищенко |1995 |Ukrtelefilm Tana-TV Company (Ukraine) Carmen (Russia) Укртелефільм, Тана-ТВ (Україна), «Кармен» (Росія) |- |Score on the Gravestone Partytura na mohylnomu kameni Партитура на могильному камені |Yaroslav Lupii Ярослав Лупій |1995 |Odessa Film Studio Blahovist Film Studio with the assistance of Horn RRC Одеська кіновідеостудія, Кіновідеостудія «Благовіст», за сприяння НРЦ «Горн» |- |A Train to Brooklyn Poizd do Bruklina Поїзд до Брукліна |Valerii Fedosov Валерій Федосов |1995 |Odessa Film Studio Budushcheie Film Firm (Odessa) Lingcom (Russia) Одеська кіновідеостудія, Кінофірма «Будущее» (Одеса), «Лингком» (Росія) |- |A Raid Nalit Наліт |Volodymyr Balkashynov Володимир Балкашинов |1995 |Panorama Studio with the participation of the Luhansk Regional Directorate of Aval JSPPB Студія «Панорама», за участі Луганської облдирекції АППБ «Аваль» |- |Executed Dawns Stracheni svitanky Страчені світанки |Hryhorii Kokhan Григорій Кохан |1995 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка |- ! colspan="4" |1996 |- |Without Dog Сollar Bez nashyinyka Без нашийника |Radomyr Vasylevskyi Радомир Василевський |1995 |Odessa Film Studio Одеська кіностудія художніх фільмів |- |Woodcocks Valdshnepy Вальдшнепи |Oleksndr Muratov Олександр Муратов |1996 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка |- |Kaidash's Family. The Second Film Kaidasheva simia. Film druhyi Кайдашева сім'я. Фільм другий |Volodymyr Horodko Володимир Городько |1996 |Berehynia Independent Film Community «Берегиня», Незалежна Кіногромада |- |Operation Contract / Diversion under Contract Operatsiia Kontrakt/ Dyversiia za kontraktom Операція «Контракт» / Диверсія за контрактом |Tamara Boiko Тамара Бойко |1996 |Ukrtelefilm Укртелефільм |- |Judenkreis, or Eternal Wheel Judenkreis, abo Vichne koleso Judenkreis, або Вічне колесо |Vasyl Dombrovskyi Василь Домбровський |1996 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка |- ! colspan="4" |1997 |- |The Princess on Beans Pryntsesa na bobah Принцеса на бобах |Villen Novak Віллен Новак |1997 |Odessa Film Studio of Feature Films Shans Studio (Russia), with the participation of TV Center (Russia) Одеська кіностудія художніх фільмів, студія «Шанс» (Росія), за участі компанії ТВ-Центр (Росія) |- |A Friend of the Deceased Pryiatel nebizhchyka Приятель небіжчика |Viacheslav Kryshtofovych В'ячеслав Криштофович |1997 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка |- |The Holy Family Sviate simeistvo Святе сімейство |Mykhailo Bielikov Михайло Бєліков |1997 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка |- |The Seventh Route Сьомий маршрут |Mykhailo Illienko Михайло Іллєнко |1997 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка |- |Three Stories Try istorii Три історії |Kira Muratova Кіра Муратова |1997 |Odessa Film Studio of Feature Films (Ukraine) NTV-Profit (Russia) Одеська кіностудія художніх фільмів (Україна), НТВ-Профіт (Росія) |- |The Continent of Love Hippiniada abo materyk kohannia Хіппініада або материк кохання |Andrii Benckendorf Андрій Бенкендорф |1997 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка |- ! colspan="4" |1998 |- |Two Moons, Three Suns Dva misiatsi, try sontsia Два місяці, три сонця |Roman Balaian Роман Балаян |1998 |Illusion Films (Kiev) «Ілюзіон фільмз» (Київ) |- |Two Julia Dvi Yulii Дві Юлії |Olena Demianenko Олена Дем'яненко |1998 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка |- |The Dead-end Tupyk/ Hluhyi kut Тупик / Глухий кут |Hryhorii Kokhan Григорій Кохан |1998 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Maister-Video Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка, «Майстер-Відео» |- |The Gravity of the Sun (Dandelion Wine) Tiazhinnia sontsia (Vyno z kulbabok) Тяжіння сонця (Вино з кульбабок) |Ihor Apasian Ігор Апасян |1998 |Odissei Stusio Hamaiun Studio ARSTRBC "Russia" Ostankino (Russia) Студія «Одіссей», студія «Гамаюн», ВДТРК «Росія», «Останкино» (Росія) |- ! colspan="4" |1999 |- |Ave Maria Ave Mariia Аве Марія |Liudmyla Yefymenko Людмила Єфименко |1999 |Dovzhenko Film Studio The Ministry of Culture of Ukraine Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка, Міністерство культури і мистецтв України |- |The Poet and the Kniazhna Poet i kniazhna Поет і княжна |Stanislav Klymenko Станіслав Клименко |1999 |Dzherelo RPA Zelenyi Pes Production Agency, with the assistance of Inter TV НПО «Джерело», Продюсерська агенція «Зелений пес», за сприяння телекомпанії «Інтер» |- |Hello Everyone! Usim pryvit! Усім привіт! |Dmytro Tomashpolskyi Дмитро Томашпольський |1999 |Gagarin Media Dovzhenko Kyiv Film Studio of Feature Films TVRC Kyiv «Гагарін Медіа», Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка, ТРК «Київ» |- |A Blacksmith Searches for Happiness Yak koval shxhastia shukav Як коваль щастя шукав |Radomyr Vasylevskyi Радомир Василевський |1999 |Odessa Film Studio of Feature Films Одеська кіностудія художніх фільмів |- ! colspan="4" |2000 |- |Paradise Lost Vtrachenyi rai Втрачений рай |Valerii Rozhko Валерій Рожко |2000 |Dovzhenko Kyiv Film Studio of Feature Films Darzini (Dnepropetrovsk) Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка, «Дарзіні» (Дніпропетровськ) |- |Life is Like a Circus Zhyttia yak zyrk Життя як цирк |Yevhen Shyshkin Євген Шишкін |2000 |Sheerar trading Co (Ukraine, USA) «Sheerar trading Co» (Україна, США) |- |Car Washers Myinyky avtomobiliv Мийники автомобілів |Volodymyr Tykhyi Володимир Тихий |2000 |Dovzhenko Kyiv Film Studio of Feature Films Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка |- |The Undefeated Neskorenyi Нескорений |Oles Yanchuk Олесь Янчук |2000 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Ukrainian Congressional Committee of America Oles-Film Ivano-Frankivsk Regional Council Halychyna Trading House Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка, Український Конгресовий комітет Америки, «Олесь-фільм», обласна рада Івана-Франківська, Торговий Дім «Галичина» |- | colspan="4" |2001 |- |Minor People Druhoriadni liudy Другорядні люди |Kira Muratova Кіра Муратова |2001 |Odessa Film Studio of Feature Films Одеська кіностудія художніх фільмів |- |On the Field of Blood Na poli krovi На полі крові |Yaroslav Lupii Ярослав Лупій |2001 |Odessa Film Studio of Feature Films Одеська кіностудія художніх фільмів |- | colspan="4" |2002 |- |A Prayer for Hetman Mazepa Молитва за гетьмана Мазепу |Yurii Illienko Юрій Іллєнко |2002 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка |- |The Noise of the Wind Шум вітру |Serhii Masloboishchykov Сергій Маслобойщиков |2002 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка |- |Embroiderer at Dusk Vyshyvalnytsia v sytinkakh Вишивальниця в сутінках |Mykola Sedniev Микола Седнєв |2002 |Odessa Film Studio of Feature Films Одеська кіностудія художніх фільмів |- |Chekhov's Motives Chekhovski motyvy Чеховські мотиви |Kira Muratova Кіра Муратова |2002 |Odessa Film Studio of Feature Films (Ukraine) / Nikola-Film (Russia) Одеська кіностудія художніх фільмів (Україна)/ Никола-фильм (Росія) |- |Atlantis Atlantyda Атлантида |Oleksandr Pavlovskyi Олександр Павловський |2002 |Odessa Film Studio of Feature Films (Ukraine) / Film-Pro (Russia) Одеська кіностудія художніх фільмів (Україна)/ Фільм-Про (Росія) |- | colspan="4" |2003 |- |Mamai Mamai Мамай |Oles Sanin Олесь Санін |2003 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Zemlia CA Western European Institute, Fresco Film Studio Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка, Творче об'єднання Земля, Західно-Європейський інститут, Кіностудія Фрески |- | colspan="4" |2004 |- |The Three Musketeers Try mushketery Три мушкетери |Tina Barkalay Тіна Баркалай |2004 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка |- | colspan="4" |2005 |- |The Brotherhood Bratstvo Братство |Stanislav Klymenko Станіслав Клименко |2005 |Dovzhenko Film Studio AUS Prosvita Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка, ВТ Просвіта |- |Second hand Second khend Секонд хенд |Yaroslav Lupii Ярослав Лупій |2005 |Odessa Film Studio of Feature Films Одеська кіностудія художніх фільмів |- | colspan="4" |2006 |- |The Murder in Winter Yalta Vbyvstvo u zumovii Yalti Вбивство у зимовій Ялті |Oleksandr Muratov Олександр Муратов |2006 |Dovzhenko Kyiv Film Studio of Feature Films named Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка |- |The Two and the War Dvoie i viina Двоє і війна |Vitalii Vorobiov, Yevhen Zvezdakov Віталій Воробйов, Євген Звездаков |2006 |Odessa Film Studio of Feature Films Одеська кіностудія художніх фільмів |- |The Effect of Presence Ефект присутності |Leonid Pavlovskyi Леонід Павловський |2006 |Odesa Film Studio of Feature Films Одеська кіностудія художніх фільмів |- | colspan="4" |2007 |- |A Cossack beyond the Danube Zaporozhets za Dunaiem Запорожець за Дунаєм |Mykola Zasieiev-Rudenko Микола Засєєв-Руденко |2007 |Dovzhenko Kyiv Film Studio of Feature Films Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка |- |Korolev Korolov Корольов |Yurii Kara Юрій Кара |2007 |Dovzhenko Kyiv Film Studio of Feature Films (Ukraine), Master (Russia) Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка (Україна), Мастер (Росія) |} {| class="wikitable" | colspan="7" |2008 |- | | Bogdan Khmelnytsky Zynovy | Mykola Mashchenko Микола Мащенко | 2008 | Dovzhenko Film Studio (Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка) | | |- | colspan="2" |Uwar Allah karkashin taga (Confession) Bogorodytsia pіd vіknom (Spovіd) Богородиця під вікном (Сповідь) | Vasyl Iliyashenko Василь Ілляшенко | 2008 | Dovzhenko Film Studio (Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка) | | |- | colspan="2" |Doka Zakon Zakon | Vitaliy Potrukh ne adam wata Віталій Потрух | 2008 | Dovzhenko Film Studio (Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка) | | |- | colspan="2" |Dovzhenko ya fara, ko Sashko-mai kawo sauyi Dovzhenko pochunaietsia, abo Sashko-mai gyara Довженко починається, або Сашко-реформатор | Vasyl Dombrovskyi Василь Домбровський | 2008 | Dovzhenko Film Studio (Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка) | | |- | colspan="2" |Metropolitan Andrey Vladyka Andrei Владика Андрей | Oles Yanchuk Олесь Янчук | 2008 | Dovzhenko Film Studio (Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка) | | |- | colspan="2" | A gefen kogi Bìliya mai kyau Біля річки | Eva Neiman Єва Нейман | 2007 | Odessa Film Studio (Одеська кіностудія художніх фільмів | | |- | colspan="2" | Vorozheya Ворожея | Igor Shevchenko Ігор Шевченко | 2008 | Odessa Film Studio (Ƙarar Ƙarfafawa) | | |- | colspan="2" | Zoben Turquoise Kіlechko z bіriuzoiu Кілечко з бірюзою | Oleksandr Itihilov Олександр Ітигілов | 2008 | Odessa Film Studio (Ƙarar Ƙarfafawa) | | |- | colspan="2" | Murmushin Allah Posmіshka boga Посмішка бога | Volodymyr Alenikov Володимир Алєніко | 2008 | Odessa Film Studio (Ƙarar Ƙarfafawa) | | |- | colspan="2" | Sappers Sapery Kaperi | Borys Shcherbakov, Vasilyy Shcherbakov, Victor Kustov Борис Щербаков, Василий Щербаков, Виктор Кустов | 2008 | Odessa Film Studio (Ƙarar Ƙarfafawa) | | |- | colspan="2" | Harba nan da nan Strіliay nehaino Стріляй негайно | Villen Novak Віллен Новак | 2008 | Odessa Film Studio (Ƙarar Ƙarfafawa) | | |- | colspan="2" | Las Menina Las Menina | Igor Podolchak Ігор Подольчак | 2008 | Fina-finan MF | | |- | | | | | | | |} {| class="wikitable" | colspan="4" |2009 | colspan="3" | |- | Ranar da aka ci nasara Den peremozhenykh День переможених | Valerii Yamburskyi Валерій Ямбурський | 2009 | colspan="2" | Dovzhenko Film Studio Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка | | |- | Allah Ya hukunta su. . . Khai Boh rozsudyt yikh… Хай Бог розсудить їх. . . | Yevhen Khvorostianko Євген Хворостянко | 2009 | colspan="2" | Dovzhenko Film Studio Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка | | |- | Wata Rana Zan Farka Odnoho razu ya prokynus Одного разу я прокинусь | Maryna Kondratieva Марина Кондрат'єва | 2009 | colspan="2" | Dovzhenko Film Studio Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка | | |- | | | | | | | |} {| class="wikitable" | colspan="6" |2010 |- | colspan="6" |2011 |- |Bes Por No (Бес Пор No) |Oleksandr Shapiro Олександр Шапіро |2011 | | | |- | colspan="6" |2012 |- |Gaidamak Haidamaka (Гайдамака) |Roman Sinchuk Роман Синчук |2012 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка | | |- |Gamer (Гамер) |Oleg Sentsov Олег Сєнцов |2012 |Krai Kіnema LLC, Derzhkіno ТОВ «Край Кінема», Держкіно | | |- |Mum, I love a pilot ''Mamo, ya lotchyka lyublyu'' (Мамо, я льотчика люблю) |Oleksandr Ihnatusha Олександр Ігнатуша |2012 |Dovzhenko Film Studio Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка | | |- |Not a big thing ''Zvychaina sprava'' (Звичайна справа) |Valentyn Vasianovych Валентин Васянович |2012 | | | |- |HeWhoCameThroughFire ToiHtoProyshovKrіzVogon (ТойХтоПройшовКрізьВогонь) |Mykhailo Ilienko Михайло Іллєнко |2012 | | | |- |Ukraine. Starting point (Ukraine.Tochka vіdlіku) (Україна. Точка відліку) |Serhiy Bukovskyi Сергій Буковський |2012 | | | |- |Backstreet Champion (Chempіony z pіdvorіttia) (Чемпіони з підворіття) |Akhtem Seitablaiev Ахтем Сейтаблаєв |2012 | | | |- |Delirium (Delirium) |Ihor Podolchak Ігор Подольчак |2012 |MF Films | | |- | colspan="6" |2013 |- |Brothers. The last confession (Braty.Ostannia spovіd) (Брати. Остання сповідь) |Victoria Trofimenko Вікторія Трофіменко |2015 |Pronto Film Derzhkіno (Pronto Film, Держкіно) | | |- |Eternal returning Vіchne povernennia (Вічне повернення) |Kira Muratova Кіра Муратова |2013 | | | |- |Ivan Syla (Іван Сила) |Victor Andriienko Віктор Андрієнко |2013 |Іnsaitmedіa LLC Derzhkіno («Інсайтмедіа», Держкіно) | | |- |Kredens (Креденс) |Valentyn Vasyanovych Валентин Васянович |2013 |Garmata Fіlm Production, Derzhkіno (ТОВ «Гармата фільм продакшн», Держкіно) | | |- |Pawnshop Lombard (Ломбард) |Lubomyr Levytskyi Любомир Левицький |2013 |Kіnofabryka LLC Derzhkіno (ТОВ «Кінофабрика», Держкіно) | | |- |Luka (Diamond Cross, Prelate-Surgeon) Luka (Dіamantovyi hrest, Sviatytel-hіrurg) (Лука (Діамантовий хрест, Святитель-хірург)) |Сергій Маслобойщиков, О. Пархоменко Serhii Masloboishchikov, O. Parkhomenko |2013 |Patrіot-Fіlm LLC, Derzhkіno (ТОВ «Патріот-Фільм», Держкіно) | | |- |I don't want to die (Ne hochu pomyraty) (Не хочу помирати) |Alice Pavlovska Аліса Павловська |2013 | | | |- |Paradjanov (Параджанов) |Serge Avedikian, Olena Fetisova Серж Аведікян, Олена Фетісова |2013 |Іnterfіlm PE Derzhkіno (ПП «Інтерфільм», Держкіно) | | |- |Blind Date (Pobachennia naoslіp) (Побачення наосліп) |Levan Koguashvili Леван Когуашвілі |2013 | | | |- |Synevir (Синевир) |Oleksandr Alioshechkin, Viacheslav Alioshechkin Олександр Альошечкін, В'ячеслав Альошечкін |2013 |InQ Production Studio | | |- |Such beautiful people (Takі krasyvі liudy) (Такі красиві люди) |Dmytro Moiseiev Дмитро Мойсеєв |2013 |Dovzhenko Film Studio (Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка, Держкіно) | | |- |Do you love me? (Ty mene kohayesh) (Ти мене кохаєш?) |Dmytro Moiseiev, Julia Kurbatova Дмитро Мойсеєв, Юлія Курбатова |2013 | | | |- | colspan="6" |2014 |- |F63.9 The disease of love F63.9 Hvoroba kokhannia) (F63.9 Хвороба кохання) |Dmytro Tomashpolskyi, Olena Demyanenko Дмитро Томашпольський, Олена Дем'яненко |2014 |Gagarіn Medіa, Simposiom, Partner, Derzhkіno «Гагарін Медіа», Simposiom, «Партнер», Держкіно | | |- |Apart (Апарт) |Oleksandr Shapiro Олександр Шапіро |2014 | | | |- |Babai (Бабай) |Maryna Medvid Марина Медвідь |2014 | | | |- |The Green Jacket (Zelena kofta) (Зелена кофта) |Volodymyr Tykhyi Володимир Тихий |2014 |Arthaus Trafіk, Derzhkіno «Артхаус Трафік», Держкіно | | |- |Kyiv cake (Kyivskyi tort) (Київський торт) |Oleksii Shaparev Олексій Шапарев |2014 |Ukrainian Film Distribution | | |- |Love me (Liuby mene) (Люби мене) |Марія Ер Горбач, Мехмет Бахадир Ер Mariia Er Horbach, Mehmet Bahadyr Er |2014 |Protim Video Production, Tatofіlm LLC, Derzhkіno Protim Video Production, ТОВ «Татофільм», Держкіно | | |- |My Mermaid, My Lorelei (Moia rusalka, moia Loreliai) (Моя русалка, моя Лореляй) |Nana Dzordzadze Нана Джорджадзе |2014 |The Ministry of Culture of Russian Federation Hronograf, Vіctorіa, Fisrt Creative Association (Міністерство культури Російської Федерації, «Хронограф», «Вікторія», Перше творче об'єднання) | | |- |Tribe (Plemia) (Плем'я) |Myroslav Slaboshpytskyi Мирослав Слабошпицький |2014 |Arthaus Trafіk, Derzhkіno («Артхаус Трафік», Держкіно) | | |- |The Guide (Povodyr) (Поводир) |Oles Sanin Олесь Санін |2014 |Pronto Film, Derzhkіno (Pronto Film, Держкіно) | | |- |Flying golden fly (Polіt zolotoyi mushky) (Політ золотої мушки) |Ivan Kravchyshyn Іван Кравчишин |2014 |Trembіta-kіno, Derzhkіno («Трембіта-кіно», Держкіно) | | |- |Lonely by Contract (Samotnіi za kontraktom) (Самотній за контрактом) |Yevhen Matviienko Євген Матвієнко |2014 |Film.UA, Novyi kanal (Film.UA, «Новий канал») | | |- |Trubach (Трубач) |Anatolii Mateshko Анатолій Матешко |2014 |UkrKіno, Derzhkіno ("УкрКіно», Держкіно) | | |- |It's me (Tce ya) (Це я) |Anna Akulevych Анна Акулевич |2014 |Contakt Film Studio, President Fіlm Ukraine, Derzhkіno (Contakt Film Studio, «Президент фільм Україна», Держкіно) | | |- | colspan="6" |2015 |- |Z Jock Z Dzhok (Z Джок) |Alexii Zalevskyi Олексій Залевський |2015 | | | |- |Hetman (Гетьман) |Valerii Yamburskyi Валерій Ямбурський |2015 | | | |- |Bug Zhuchok (Жучок) |Alla Pasikova, Andrii Rzhanov Алла Пасікова, Андрій Ржанов |2015 | | | |- |The Lost City (Zahublene mіsto) (Загублене місто) |Vitalii Potrukh Віталій Потрух |2015 |Dovzhenko Film Studio (Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка,Держкіно") | | |- |Battle for Sevastopol (Nezlamna) (Незламна) |Serhii Mokrytskyi Сергій Мокрицький |2015 |Kіnorob, Novye liudi, Derzhkіno («Кінороб», «Новые люди», Держкіно) | | |- |Under Electric Clouds (Pіd elektrychnymy hmaramy) (Під електричними хмарами) |Oleksii Herman Jr Олексій Герман мол. |2015 |Metra Fіlmz, Lіnked Fіlmz, Derzhkіno (Метра Фільмз, Лінкед Філмз,Держкіно) | | |- |Song of songs (Pіsnia pіsen) (Пісня пісень) |Eva Neiman Єва Нейман |2015 |1+1 Production | | |- |Captum (Polon) (Полон) |Anatolii Mateshko Анатолій Матешко |2015 |Oleksandr Itygilov & Anton Sladkevych productions | | |- |Beyond (Po toi bіk) (По той бік) |Oleksandr Lytvynenko Олександр Литвиненко |2015 |S13 Lytvynenko Films | | |- |The Deadly Alive (Smertelno zhyvyi) (Смертельно живий) |Maksim Stetskov Максим Стецков |2015 | | | |- |Now I will love you (Teper ya budu liubyty tebe) (Тепер я буду любити тебе) |Roman Shirman Роман Ширман |2015 |Іnterfіlm, Artizm Ltd, Derzhkіno «Інтерфільм», Artizm Ltd, Держкіно | | |- |Magical stories. The elixir of Kindness (Charіvnі іstorіi. Elіksyr dobroty) (Чарівні історії. Еліксир доброти) |Liliia Soldatenko Лілія Солдатенко |2015 |Carrot Cake Studio | | |- | colspan="6" |2016 |- |#Futureinthepast |Oleksandr Shapiro Олександр Шапіро |2016 | | | |- |SelfieParty |Liubomyr Levytskiu Любомир Левицький |2016 |Vitamin Film Studio, Solar Media | | |- |Blue Dress (Blakytna suknia) (Блакитна сукня) |Ihor Minaiev Ігор Мінаєв |2016 |Trempel Fіlmz («Тремпель Фільмз») | | |- |Bremen Bandits Bremenskі rozbyshaky (Бременські розбишаки) |Oleksii Lukianchikov, Sviatoslav Ushakov Олексій Лук'янчіков, Святослав Ушаков |2016 |(Star Medіa Dystrybiushn, Central Partnership) «Стар Медіа Дистрибьюшн», «Централ Партнершип» | | |- |Eight (Visim) (Вісім) |Oleksandr Shapiro Олександр Шапіро |2016 | | | |- |The Nest of the Turtledove (Hnіzdo gorlytcі) (Гніздо горлиці) |Taras Tkachenko Тарас Ткаченко |2016 |InsightMedіa, 4Rooms, Derzhkіno («ІнсайтМедіа», 4Rooms, Держкіно) | | |- |Alive (Zhyva) (Жива) |Taras Khymych Тарас Химич |2016 |Invert Pictures | | |- |Competitor (Konkursant) (Конкурсант. Смертоносне шоу) |Oleksandr Bieliak Олександр Бєляк |2016 |Vait films | | |- |The Dragon Spell (Mykyta Kozhumiaka) (Микита Кожум'яка) |Manuk Depoian Манук Депоян |2016 |Panama Grand Prix, Derzhkіno | | |- |Valentine's night (Nіch sviatogo Valentyna) (Ніч святого Валентина) |Volodymyr Lert Володимир Лерт |2016 |Panoptykum, Tauras Films Ukraine («Паноптикум», «Tauras Films Ukraine») | | |- |My grandmother is Fanny Kaplan (Moia babusia Fanі Kaplan) (Моя бабуся Фані Каплан) |Olena Demianenko Олена Дем'яненко |2016 |Gagarіn Medіa, Derzhkіno («Гагарін Медіа», Держкіно) | | |- |Autumn memories (Osіnnі spogady) (Осінні спогади) |Ali Fahr Mousavi Алі Фахр Мусаві |2016 |Wilhelm Creative Center | | |- |Servant of the People 2 Sluga narodu 2 (Слуга народу 2) |Oleksii Kyriushchenko Олексій Кирющенко |2016 |Kvartal-95 Studio («Студія Квартал-95») | | |- |Chungul (Чунгул) |Oleksandr Alioshechkin, Viacheslav Alioshechkin Олександр Альошечкін, В'ячеслав Альошечкін |2016 |Neo Planet | | |- |I'm with you (Ya z toboIu) (Я з тобою) |Oleh Turanskyi Олег Туранський |2016 |Sister's production | | |- |If only (Yakby zh to) (Якби ж то) |Oleh Turanskyi Олег Туранський |2016 |Star Media | | |- | colspan="6" |2017 |- |Infoholik (Інфоголік) |Valentyn Shpakov, Vladyslav Klymchuk Валентин Шпаков, Владислав Климчук |2017 |NLO TV, Mamahohotala,Idea Production («НЛО TV», «Мамахохотала», «Idea Production») | | |- |DZIDZIO Contrabass (DZIDZIO Контрабас) |Oleh Borshchevskyi Олег Борщевський |2017 |Solar Media Entertainment | | |- |Izi (італ. Easy – Un viaggio facile facile Izi (Ізі) |Andrea Maniani Андреа Маньяні |2017 |Fresh Production, Держкіно (Derzhkіno), Bartleby Film, Pilgrim Film (Італія) | | |- |The Gateway Brama (Брама) |Volodymyr Tykhyi Володимир Тихий |2017 |Dyrektorіia Kіno, Derzhkіno («Директорія Кіно», Держкіно) | | |- |Frost Іnіi (Іній) |Sharunas Bartas Шарунас Бартас |2017 |«Інсайт Медіа»( Іnsight Medіa), Tatofilm, Studija Kinema, КіnоЕlektron, Donten & Lacroix Films, Держкіно(Derzhkіno) | | |- |The Tale of Money Kazka pro groshі (Казка про гроші) |Olesya Morgunets Олеся Моргунець |2018 |Dovzhenko Film Studio (Національна кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка) | | |- |Kazka staroho melnyka (Казка старого мельника) |Oleksandr Ityhilov Олександр Ітигілов |2017 |Euromedia Company LLC, Derzhkіno (ТОВ «Євромедія Компані», Держкіно) | | |- |Cyborgs (Кіборги) |Akhtem Seitablaiev Ахтем Сеїтаблаєв |2017 |Іdas Fіlm, Derzhkіno («Ідас філм», Держкіно) | | |- |Čiara Mezha (Межа) |Peter Bebiak Петер Беб'як |2017 |ТОВ «Гарнет Інтернешнл Медіа Груп»" (Garnet Іnternational Medіa Group LLC) (Україна), Держкіно,( Derzhkіno) Wandal RTVS HomeMedia (Словаччина) | | |- |Peace to Your Home! Myr vashomy domy! Мир вашому дому! |Volodymyr Lert Володимир Лерт |2017 |Lert Karnovskyi LLC, Derzhkіnо ТОВ «Лєрт Карновський», Держкіно(Derzhkіno) | | |- |Thinkers Myslytely (Мислителі) |Vincent Mettel Вінсент Меттель |2017 |Guild of Independent Cinema of Ukraine Гільдія незалежного кіно України (ГНКУ) | | |- |The Traitor Zradnyk Зрадник |Mark Hammond Марк Гаммонд |2017 |«Інсайт-Медіа» (Іnsight Medіa), Prim-Plan Studio, Temple Film, Держкіно(Derzhkіno) | | |- |The Fight Rules Pravylo boiu Правило бою |Oleksii Shapariev Олексій Шапарєв |2017 |Good Morning Film, Garnet International Media Group | | |- |The Strayed Pryputnі Припутні |Arkadii Nepytaliuk Аркадій Непиталюк |2017 |Star Media, Держкіно(Derzhkіno) | | |- |The Fifth Therapy 5 terapiya П'ята терапія |Alice Pavlovska Аліса Павловська |2017 |Trumen production «Трумен продакшн» | | |- |Black level Rіven chornogo Рівень чорного |Valentyn Vasianovych Валентин Васянович |2017 |Garmata Film | | |- |Funny Thing Rzhaka Ржака |Dmytro Tomashpolskyi Дмитро Томашпольський |2017 |Gagarіn Medіa, Derzhkіno «Гагарін Медіа», Держкіно | | |- |Ugly Sіchen— berezen Січень — березень |Yurii Rechynskyi Юрій Речинський |2017 |«Пронто Фільм» (Україна), , Держкіно,( Pronto Fіlm (Ukraine), , Derzhkіno)Novotny & Novotny Filmproduktion, Ulrich Zeidl Filmproduktion (Австрія) | | |- |The Stronghold Storozhova zastava Сторожова застава |Yurii Kovaliov Юрій Ковальов |2017 |Kіnorob Studio, Film.ua Group, Derzhkіno Студія «Кінороб», Film.ua Group, Держкіно | | |- |Falling Strіmgolov Стрімголов |Maryna Stepanska Марина Степанська |2017 |Insight-Medіa,Tatofіlm, Derzhkіno «Інсайт-Медіа», «Татофільм», Держкіно | | |- |Taras. Return Taras. Povernennia (Тарас. Повернення) |Oleksandr Denysenko Олександр Денисенко |2017 |Insight-Medіa Derzhkіno ТОВ «ІнсайтМедіа», Держкіно | | |- |A Lesson of Magic Urok magiy (Урок Магії) |Lilia Soldatenko Лілія Солдатенко |2017 |Carrot Cake Studio | | |- |Time of Chrysanthemum Chas khryzantem (Час хризантем) |Dmytro Moiseiev Дмитро Мойсеєв |2017 |Yizhak-Fіlm «Їжак-фільм» | | |- |Red (Chervonyi) (Червоний) |Zaza Buadze Заза Буадзе |2017 |Іnsight-Medіa, Odesa Film Studio, Derzhkіno, ARTBOX «Інсайт-Медіа», Одеська кіностудія, Держкіно, АRTBOX (Литва) | | |- |Stranger's Prayers Chuzha molytva (Чужа молитва) |Akhtem Seitablaiev Ахтем Сеїтаблаєв |2017 |Іdas fіl, Derzhkіno «Ідас фільм», Держкіно | | |- | colspan="6" |2018 |- |Deserted country 20/20 Bezliudna kraina 20/20 Безлюдна країна |Kornii Hrytsiuk Корній Грицюк |2018 | | | |- |''DZIDZIO First Time'' DZIDZIO Pershii raz DZIDZIO Перший раз |Mykhailo Khoma, Taras Dron Михайло Хома, Тарас Дронь |2018 |Dzidziofilm | | |- |Ecce Homo |Ganka Tertiak Ганка Тертяк |2018 |Gankafilm | | |- |Bobot Бобот |Maksim Ksiondz Максим Ксьонда |2018 |«М.Д.С. ЛТД», Держкіно Derzhkіno | | |- |The Stolen Princess Vykradena pryntcesa: Ruslan і Liudmyla Викрадена принцеса: Руслан і Людмила |Oleh Malamuzh Олег Маламуж |2018 |Animagrad, Держкіно Derzhkіno | | |- |''German: Vulkan'' Вулкан |Roman Bondarchuk Роман Бондарчук |2018 |Tatofіlm, Derzhkіno «Татофільм», Держкіно | | |- |The hero of my time Герой мого часу |Antonina Noiabrova Антоніна Ноябрьова |2018 |Держкіно Derzhkіno | | |- |Iceland: Kona fer í stríð Woman at war Hіrska zhіnka: na vіinі Гірська жінка: на війні |Benedict Erlingsson Бенедикт Ерлінґссон |2018 |Solar Media Entertainment, Держкіно, (Derzhkіno)Slot Machine, Gulldrengurinn (Ісландія) | | |- |December's Tale, or St. Mykolai's Adventures Hrudneva kazka, abo Prygody of S. Mykolay Груднева казка, або Пригоди С. Миколая |Semen Horov Семен Горов |2018 |Big Hand Films, Держкіно Derzhkіno | | |- |Wild Field Dyke pole Дике поле |Yaroslav Lodyhin Ярослав Лодигін |2018 |Limelite, Film Brut | | |- |Donbas Донбас |Serhii Loznytsia Сергій Лозниця |2018 |Arthouse Traffi, Держкіно,( Derzhkіno) Ma.ja.de. Fiction, JBA Production, Granite Film, Wild at Art , Digital Cube | | |- |Polish: Eter Efіr Ефір |Krzysztof Zanussi Кшиштоф Зануссі |2019 |Іnterfіlm, Derzhkіno «Інтерфільм», Держкіно Derzhkіno | | |- |King Daniel Korol Danylo Король Данило |Taras Khymych Тарас Химич |2018 |INVERT Pictures | | |- |When trees fall Koly padaiut dereva Коли падають дерева |Marysia Nikitiuk Марися Нікітюк |2018 | Message Film, Fokus In, Solar Media Entertainment, Держкіно (Derzhkіno) | | |- |Legend of the Carpathians Legenda Karpat Легенда Карпат |Serhii Skobun Сергій Скобун |2018 |Magnat Media Imprinting Emotions Coffeepost | | |- |''The Hill of Hell'' Lysa gora Лиса гора |Roman Perfilev Роман Перфільєв |2018 |Mediacont | | |- |Odesa Changeling Odeskii pіdkydko Одеський підкидько |Heorhiy Deliev Георгій Делієв |2018 | | | |- |Call Sign ''Banderas'' Pozyvnii Banderas Позивний Бандерас |Zaza Buadze Заза Буадзе |2018 |Try-ya-da Production, Derzhkіno «Три-я-да Продакшн», Держкіно | | |- |Murder porn Porno z vbyvstvom Порно з вбивством |Damir Yenaliev Дамір Єналієв |2018 |Rain Poncho Film | | |- |Swingers Свінгери |Andrejs Ekis Андрейс Екіс |2018 |F Films | | |- |Sex and nothing special Секс і нічого особистого |Olha Riashyna Ольга Ряшина |2018 |Star Media «Стар медіа» | | |- |Crazy wedding Скажене весілля |Vlad Dykyi Влад Дикий |2018 |Film.u», «Прототип продакшн» (Prototype Production), Держкіно (Derzhkіno) | | |- |C-note Sotka Сотка |Oleksandr Bielyak Олександр Бєляк |2018 |VAIT FILMS | | |- |Simon Petliura's secret diary Таємний щоденник Симона Петлюри |Oles Yanchuk Олесь Янчук |2018 |Dovzhenko Film Studio, Derzhkino Київська кіностудія художніх фільмів ім. О. П. Довженка, Держкіно | | |- |Terra Тера |Nikon Romanchenk Нікон Романченко |2018 |Viatel LLC, Derzhkino ТОВ «Віател», Держкіно | | |- |Black Cossack Чорний козак |Vladyslav Chabaniuk Владислав Чабанюк |2018 |Malva Studio, Toloka Lehedzyne NGO Студія «Мальва», ГО «Толока Легедзине». | | |- |Noble tramps Шляхетні волоцюги |Oleksandr Berezan Олександр Березань |2018 |Ganza Film | | |- |I, you, he, she Я, ти, він, вона |Volodymyr Zelenskii, David Dodson Володимир Зеленський, Девід Додсон |2018 |Kvartal-95 Studio, Derzhkino «Студія Квартал-95», Держкіно | | |- | colspan="6" |2019 |- |Morshyn's 11 11 дітей з Моршина |Arkadii Nepytaliuk Аркадій Непиталюк |2019 |Solar Media Entertainment | | |- |Atlantis Atlantyda Атлантида |Valentyn Vasianovych Валентин Васянович |2019 |Studio Garmata Film, Derzhkino «Студія Гармата фільм», Держкіно | | |- |Ksenia Guzul Hutsulka Ksenia Гуцулка Ксеня |Olena Demianenko Олена Дем'яненко |2019 |Gagarin Media «Гагарін Медіа» | | |- |Homeward Dodomu Додому |Nariman Aliev Наріман Алієв |2019 | | | |- |The Raid EKS Екс |Serhii Lysenko Сергій Лисенко |2019 |Держкіно Derzhkino | | |- |Forbidden Zaboronenyi Заборонений |Roman Brovko Роман Бровко |2019 |UM-GROUP | | |- |The Rising Hawk Zakhar Berkut Захар Беркут |Akhtem Seitablaiev Ахтем Сеітаблаєв |2019 |Kinorob, Cinema Day «Кінороб», «Cinema Day» | | |- |A Meeting of Classmates Zustrich odnoklasnykiv Зустріч однокласників |Valentyn Shpakov, Alya Buhtiiarova Валентин Шпаков, Аля Бухтіярова |2019 | | | |- |Kruty:1918 Крути 1918 |Oleksii Shaparev Олексій Шапарев |2019 |Good Morning Films | | |- |Morena Морена |Serhii Alioshechkin Сергій Альошечкін |2019 |«Ganzafilm Production», Держкіно(Derzhkino) | | |- |My Thoughts Are Silent Moi dumky tykhi Мої думки тихі |Antonio Lukic Антоніо Лукіч |2019 |Toy Cinema, Держкіно (Derzhkino) | | |- |Поліна і таємниця кіностудії Polina and the mystery of a film studio |Olias Barco Оліас Барко |2019 |Kinorob, Derzhkino «Кінороб», Держкіно | | |- |Producer Продюсер |Serge Vane Сергій Вейн |2019 |Firework Sound | | |- |The Painted Bird Pofarbovane Ptashenia Пофарбоване пташеня |Václav Marhoul Вацлав Маргоул |2019 |Держкіно(Derzhkino) | | |- |Swingers 2 Svinhery 2 Свінгери 2 |Andrejs Ekis Андрейс Екіс |2019 |F Films | | |- |Squat32 Сквот32 |Oleksandr Lidahovskyi Олександр Лідаговський |2019 |Garnet International Media Group, Держкіно (Derzhkino) | | |- |Parthenon Stásis Стасіс |Mantas Kvedaravicius Мантас Кведаравічюс |2019 |ESSE Production House, Studio Uljana Kim (Литва), Rouge International (Франція), Держкіно(Derzhkino) | | |- |Eastman Skhidniak Східняк |Andrii Ivaniuk Андрій Іванюк |2019 | | | |- |Only a Miracle Tilky dyvo Тільки Диво |Olena Karetnyk Олена Каретник |2019 |Kazka Production («Казка Продакшн»), Держкіно (Derzhkino) | | |- |Toloka Толока |Mykhailo Illienko Михайло Ілєєнко |2019 |Держкіно Derzhkino | | |- |Present Continuum Tut i Teper Тут і тепер |Oleksandr Shapiro Олександр Шапіро |2019 | | | |- |Chola the Bear Ursus Урсус |Otar Shamatava Отар Шаматава |2019 |Fresh Production Group, Media Group Ukraine, TRK Ukraina (Ukraine), Studio О ([[Georgia]]), Geopoly ([[Bulgeriya|Bulgaria]]), Aktis Film Production ([[Jamus|Germany]]), Georgian National Film Center, German Film Fund MDM (Mitteldeutsche Medienfrderung GmbH), Bulgarian National Film Centre, Derzhkino «Fresh Production Group», «Медіа Група Україна», телеканал «Україна» (Україна), Studio О (Грузія), Geopoly (Болгарія), Aktis Film Production (Німеччина), Національний кіноцентр Грузії, Німецький кінофонду MDM (Mitteldeutsche Medienfrderung GmbH), Болгарський національний центр кіно, Держкіно | | |- |Foxter & Max Фокстер і Макс |Anatolii Mateshko Анатолій Матешко |2019 |Pronto Film | | |- |Mr Jones Tsina Pravdy (Gareth Jones) Ціна правди (Гарет Джонс) |Agnieszka Holland Агнешка Голланд |2019 |«Кінороб»(Kinorob), Film.ua Group, Film Production, Crab Apple Film | | |- |U312 Cherkasy U311 Черкаси |Tymur Yashchenko Тимур Ященко |2019 | | | |} == Duba kuma == * [[Sinimar kasar Ukraine|Cinema na Ukraine]] * [[Daukakin-Hotuna dake karkashin Gudanarwar Siniman Ukrain|Duk-Ukrainian Photo Cinema Administration]] == Tushen labari == * Госейко Любомир, «Історія українського кінематографа. 1896—1995», К.: KINO-КОЛО, 2005.  . * «Нариси історії кіномистецтва України», Редкол .: В.Сидоренко та ін., Інститут проблем сучасного мистецтва Академія мистецтв України, Інтертехнологія, 2006. * Брюховецька Лариса, «Приховані фільми. Українське кіно 1990–х», К.: АртЕк, 2003. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/966-505-043-5|966-505-043-5]] . * Фільми України 1992-1996. Каталог. / К., 1996-112 с. * Фільми України 1997-2000. Каталог / К.&nbsp;- 2000-214 shekara. * Фільми України. 2001-2004. Каталог / К.&nbsp;- 2005-282 shekara. * Фільми України. 2005-2008. Каталог / К.&nbsp;- 2009-284 shekara. * Фільми України. 2009-2012. Каталог / К.&nbsp;- Національна спілка кінематографістів України, 2013-100 с. * Fina-finan Ukrainian 2008-09. Щорічний каталог кінопродукції / Ukrainian Cinema Foundation * Jagoran Fim na Ukrainian. 2011-2012. Berlinale, 2012. Каталог * Українські фільми 2012-2013. Каталог / Hukumar Fim ta Jihar Ukraine * Documentary Films 2013-2015. Каталог * Українські фільми 2015/2016 * Jagoran Fina-Finan Duniya. 2009. Bugu na 45. London & New York: Wallflower Press 2009,  * Jagoran Fina-Finan Duniya. 2010. Bugu na 46. London & New York: Wallflower Press, 2010,  * {{Interlanguage link|Pethő Ágnes|hu|lt=Pethő, Ágnes}} . ''Cinema of Sensations'' . Newcastle a kan Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Press, 2015, , == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Tarihin sinimar kasar Ukraine]] [[Category:Fina-fina 2020 a Ukraine]] [[Category:Fina-fina 2010 a Ukraine]] [[Category:Fina-fina 1990 a Ukraine]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] bjrwp8feyiminmuegqd3b0mghwotk4o 0 29769 830110 642304 2026-05-05T11:02:02Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 830110 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {{hujja}} '''Stanislav Tsalyk''' ( dan kasar Ukraine; an haife shi a ranar 23 ga Yuli, Shekara ta 1962) marubuci ɗan ƙasar Yukren ne, mawallafi, ƙwararren tarihin gida, kuma marubucin tarihin BBC. Ya kasance memba na National Filmmakers Union of Ukraine (screenwriter) tun 1997 kuma memba ne na Ƙungiyar 'Yan Jaridu ta Turai tun 2013. Shi ne wanda ya lashe lambar yabo ta [[Kiev|Kyiv]] City Ivan Mykolaichuk (Fim Arts, 2016). Memba ne na Ukrainian Film Academy tun shekara ta 2017. Ya rubuta litattafai da yawa kuma ya buga labaran 1,000+ da kasidu na tarihin gaske ba a manyan kafofin watsa labaru na kasar Ukraine. Labarunsa sun bayyana abubuwan da ba a sani ba na tarihin mutanen Ukraine da Kyiv da kuma rayuwar shahararrun mutanen tarihin garuruwan.<ref>"The (Post)socialist city. Let's talk!" (PDF). Retrieved May 18, 2014.</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == Stanislav Tsalyk ɗan ƙasar Kyivan ne. Ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare No. 48 (1969-1977) da Technical High School No. 178 (1977-1979) kuma yana riƙe da digiri na jami'a guda biyu: ɗaya a cikin Cybernetics Economic daga Ukrainian Agricultural Academy (1985) da ɗayan daga Cibiyar Cinematography na Gerasimov. (Rubutun rubutu, prof. Valentin Chernykh, marubucin allo na "Moscow Bai Gaskanta da Hawaye" - Kyautar Kwalejin don Mafi kyawun Fim ɗin Harshen Waje, 1980). == Aikin adabi == Stanislav Tsalyk ya ƙware a rubuce-rubucen na almara. Babban inda yafi ƙwarewa shine tarihin Kyiv, tarihin 'yan tsiraru da kuma shafukan da ba a sani ba na tarihin Ukrainian . Yana bincika rayuwar yau da kullun a lokuta daban-daban na tarihi maimakon rikice-rikice na siyasa ko na soja kuma yana aiki da gaske tare da abubuwan da aka buga da na magana, takaddun da aka adana, jaridu, da hotuna. Ya haɓaka salon adabinsa na musamman - ya gano shafuka masu ban sha'awa ko waɗanda ba a san su ba na baya, bincika abubuwan da ba a yi karatu ba, yana ba da takamaiman tarihin lokaci, da gabatar da kwatankwacin kwatsam da abubuwan da suka faru. Cike da abubuwa masu ban sha'awa iri-iri da cikakkun bayanai masu ban mamaki, wallafe-wallafensa labarai ne masu ban sha'awa na binciken da aka gina akan ka'idodin abubuwan ban mamaki. == Wallafe-wallafe da littattafai == An buga Stanislav Tsalyk tun Mayu 1992. Dangane da aikinsa na ƙwararrun marubucin tarihi kuma ɗan jarida, ya rubuta ginshiƙan tarihi a yawancin bugu da kafofin watsa labarai na kan layi. Yau shi marubucin tarihi ne na BBC ( http://www.bbc.com/ukrainian ). Littattafansa suna cikin Turanci, Ukrainian, Yaren mutanen [[Poland]], da Rashanci. Ana samun labarai da yawa akan layi. Jagoransa na tarihi "Евпатория: Прогулки по Малому Иерусалиму" ( ''Yevpatoria: Walks in Little Jerusalem'', a Rashanci) (2007) an sake buga shi sau da yawa kuma ya zama mai sayarwa a Crimea . An buga sabon littafin da aka sabunta a cikin 2012. An gabatar da gabatarwar a Kyiv a ranar 4 ga Satumba, 2012 a Baboon Coffee House. Littafin "Таємниці письменницьких шухляд. Детективна історія української літератури" ( ''Asirin Mawallafin Mawallafi: Labari na Ganewa na Rubutun Ukrainian'', a cikin Ukrainian) (2010, 2011, 2011, co-writer) ya zama mafi ban sha'awa a cikin wallafe-wallafen 2 na kowa da kowa a cikin wallafe-wallafen 2. 2011. An gabatar da littafin a ranar 4 ga watan Nuwamba, 2010 a gidan kayan tarihi na adabi na Ukrainian. Littafin "Киев: конспект 70-х" ( ''Kyiv: Summary na 1970s'', a cikin Rashanci) (2012) ya kasance littafin da aka fara bugawa don mayar da hankali ga rayuwar yau da kullum na mutanen Kyiv da mazauna a cikin Soviet 1970s. Littafin ya buga jerin zaɓaɓɓun kuma ya sami lambar yabo ta Littafin Shekarar a 14th Ukrainian National Rating (2012). An gabatar da gabatarwa a ranar 31 ga Maris, 2012 a Ukrainian House . ''Bidiyon gabatarwa'' : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8lLBtXP6DxA . Littafin "Інший Київ" ( ''Kyiv daban-daban'', a cikin Ukrainian / Turanci) (2012, co-writer) madadin jagora ne ga rayuwar yau babban birnin Ukraine - birnin Kyiv. An buga littafin a cikin harsuna biyu (Ukrainian/Ingilishi). Stanislav Tsalyk ya rubuta babi mai suna "Місто багатьох барв" ( ''Birnin Launuka da yawa'' ) a matsayin balaguron tafiya mai jagora game da tarihin al'ummomin ƙabilun Kyiv. An gabatar da jagorar a ranar 21 ga Mayu, 2012 a Baboon Coffee House. Littafin "Veni, Vidi, Scripsi: Де, як і чому працюють українці" ( ''Veni, Vidi, Scripsi: Inda, Ta yaya kuma Me yasa mutanen Ukraine suke Aiki'', a cikin rubutun wani dan Ukraine, 2014, marubucin marubuci) zaɓi ne na manyan litattafai goma. rahotannin rubuce-rubucen da marubutan Ukrainian suka rubuta kuma Sammovydets All-Ukrainian Literary Reportage Competition. Rahoton Stanislav Tsalyk "Геракл відпочивав давно. Хроніки довоєнного відпочинку" ( ''Herakles Ya Huta da Dadewa A baya: Tarihi na Pre-War Summer Holidays'', a cikin Ukrainian) game da Crimea da mutanenta jim kadan kafin hadewar Rasha. Gabatarwarsa ya faru a watan Satumba na 2014 a taron Littattafai na Duniya na 21st, Lviv. Littafin "Наш Крим: неросійські історії українського півострова " ( Crimean ''mu: Labaran Ba-Rasha na Ukrainian Peninsula'', a cikin Ukrainian 2016, marubucin tarihin tarihin Crimean) shine marubucin tarihin tarihin Ukraine. Littafin ya kunshi lokaci daga kafa Crimean Khanate zuwa 'yancin kai na Ukraine a 1991. Stanislav Tsalyk gudummawar uku articles: "Решилися Мы взять под державу Нашу полуостров Крымский" ''(Mun yanke shawarar kai Crimean Larabawa karkashin Our State,'' in Ukrainian) "Росії заборонили мати флот на Чорному морі" ''(Rasha ya haramta a yi da jiragen ruwa a kan Black Sea'', a cikin Ukrainian), "Дерев'яний паркан відділяв чоловічий пляж від жіночого" ( ''A Wooden Fence Rarraba Tekun Maza daga Mata Daya'', a cikin Ukrainian). ''Gabatarwa na bidiyo'' : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WrmFFqG3qP4 A cikin 2019, ya fassara abubuwan tunawa da sanannen masanin Lviv Wawrzyniec Dayczak "Początek II wojny światowej i okupacji sowieckiej we Lwowie" ( ''Farkon Yaƙin Duniya na II da Aikin Soviet a Lviv'' ) daga Yaren mutanen Poland. Babban Ofishin Jakadancin Poland a Lviv da Cibiyar Yaren mutanen Poland a Kyiv ne suka dauki nauyin wannan aikin kuma an gabatar da shi a ranar 22 ga Satumba, 2019 a Taron Littattafai na Duniya na Lviv karo na 26. Littafin "Історія Криму першої половини ХХ ст. Нариси" ( ''History of Crimea in the First Half of the 20th Century.'' ''Sketches'', a cikin Ukraine, 2020, marubucin haɗin gwiwa) taimakon koyo ne ga ɗaliban aji 10 da ke halartar makarantun sakandare a Ukraine. An buga shi tare da tallafin kuɗi na USAID. Littafinsa na baya-bayan nan "Тільки у Львові: Тонько, Щепко і всі-всі-всі" ( ''Only in Lviv: Tonko, Szczepko and all the Others'', in Ukrainian, 2020, e-book, co-writer) na Majalisar Lviv City Council da Mai da hankali kan Shirin Al'adu. == Rubutun Shirye-shirye == Stanislav Tsalyk ya rubuta fina-finai 30+ da rubutun wasannin TV kuma ya tuntubi ayyukan TV da yawa a matsayin gwani a tarihin Kyiv. A tsakanin 1994-1995, ya yi aiki a matsayin marubucin rubutu kuma mai gabatar da talabijin don "Фильмоскоп" ( ''A Filmstrip Projector'' ), wani wasan kwaikwayo na TV game da fina-finai a tashar UT-3. A cikin 1994, ya kasance marubucin fim mai cikakken tsayi mai suna "Judenkreis, або Вічне колесо" (85', wanda Vasyl Dombrovsky ya jagoranta, Dovzhenko Film Studio, 1997). ''Hanyar zuwa fim din'' : http://megogo.net/ru/view/17945-yudenkrays-ili-vechnoe-koleso.html A cikin 2013, ya kasance marubucin rubutun fim mai cikakken tsawon fim ɗin "Hollywood akan Dnieper. Mafarki daga Atlantis" (89', Oleg Chorny ya jagoranta, Film Directory, 2013). Firimiya nuni ya faru a Yuli 2014 a Odessa International Film Festival. Bita na fim a ''The Hollywood Reporter'' : http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/hollywood-dnieper-dreams-atlantis-gollivud-724142 ''Trailer'' : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xOL7ddJyaFI ''Wikipedia'' : [[:uk:Голівуд_над_Дніпром._Сни_з_Атлантиди|https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Голівуд_над_Дніпром.]] [[:uk:Голівуд_над_Дніпром._Сни_з_Атлантиди|_Сни_з_Атлантиди]] (Ukrainian) A cikin 2015, ya shiga cikin "Golos: Muryoyin mutanen Ukraine", wani fim mai cikakken tsayi (70', wanda Dolya Gavanski ya jagoranta, Thea Films, 2015, UK) ta hanyar ba da gudummawar kayan tarihin fim ɗin. ''Gidan yanar gizon fim'' : http://golosthemovie.com {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220307222547/http://www.golosthemovie.com/ |date=2022-03-07 }} ''Tallace-tallacen fim'' : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A4ynV5kmDSU A cikin 2016, ya rubuta labari cikakke na shirin “From Babi Yar to Freedom” (89', wanda Oleg Chorny ya jagoranta, Pronto Film, 2017). Wannan shi ne fim na farko game da wuyar rayuwar Anatoliy Kuznetsov (1929-1979), marubuci wanda ya gudu daga [[Tarayyar Sobiyet|Tarayyar Soviet]] zuwa Birtaniya don buga littafinsa "Babi Yar: A Document in the form of Novel" a cikin cikakkiyar sigar da ba a tantance ba. . Fim din ya ƙunshi ɗan marubuci Alexei Kuznetsov. A cikin 2020, ya rubuta labari na cikakken fim “To See the Sky” (a ci gaba, wanda Oleg Chorny ya jagoranta, Pronto Film). == Sara == Ya kasance yana sha'awar labarai da suka gabata na birane da garuruwa, Stanislav Tsalyk ya yi balaguro da yawa a Ukraine da sauran ƙasashe. Ya fi son Kyiv kuma yana jagorantar tafiye-tafiyensa na asali na tarihi don gano shafukan da ba a san su ba da kuma mutanen da ke zaune a cikin birni. Yana tattara kayan tarihi na tarihin Kyiv na ƙarni na 20 waɗanda yake amfani da su sosai a matsayin misalai ga littattafansa da littattafansa. == Kyaututtuka == * Kyauta mafi kyawun Rubutun Fim na Shekara ta Ma'aikatar Al'adu ta Ukraine (1994) * Wanda ya lashe Gasar Jarida ta 1st Ukrainian "Mass Media don Haƙuri na Kabilanci da Haɗin Kan Jama'a" (2005) * ''Kyiv: Takaitattun shekarun 1970'' sun sami lambar yabo ta Littafin Kyauta a 14th All-Ukrainian Rating (2012) * Takaddun shaida na Ganewa daga Samovydets ( ''Mashaidin Ido) Gasar'' Rahoto na Adabi na Biyu (2013) * Kyiv City Ivan Mykolaichuk lambar yabo (Fim Arts, 2016) * Wanda ya ci Lviv 2020: Mai da hankali kan Gasar Fasaha ta Al'adu (2020). == Littattafai == * 100 великих украинцев. – Москва: Вече, Киев: Орфей, 2002 (соавтор) / ''Manyan Ukrainian 100'' . - Moscow: Veche, Kyiv, Orphey, 2002 (marubuci) * 100 найвідоміших українців. – К.: Автограф, Орфей, 2005 (соавтор) / ''100 Mafi-san Ukrainians'' . - Kyiv, Autograph, Orphey, 2005 (marubuci) * Куля в Максима Рильского: Невідоме з життя літературніх класиків. – К.: Перше Вересня, 2005 (співавтор) / ''Harsashi zuwa Maksym Rylsky: Shafukan da ba a sani ba a cikin Rayuwar Littattafan Adabi'' . - Kyiv, Pershe Veresnia, 2005 (marubuci) * Kyiv. Jagoran Tafiya. - Kyiv, Uniwell Production, 2005 * Евпатория: Прогулки по Малому Иерусалиму. – Симферополь: Оригинал-М, 2007 / ''Yevpatoria: Tafiya a karamar Urushalima'' . - Simferopol', Asalin-M, 2007 * Таємниці письменницьких шухляд. Детективна ''історія'' української літератури – К.: Наш час, 2010, 2011 (співавтор) * Киев: конспект 70-х. – К.: ВАРТО, 2012 / ''Kyiv: Takaitacciyar shekarun 1970'' . - Kyiv, VERTO, 2012 ''Ƙarin bayani game da littafin'' : https://web.archive.org/web/20120418134801/http://zn.ua/SOCIETY/zhivaya_istoriya_kieva,___ili_pronzitelnyy_konspekt_1970-h-100067.html http://www.kommersant.ua/doc/1918698http://2000.net.ua/weekend/gorod-sobytija/khronograf/79795{{Dead link|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * Kyiv daban-daban. Madadin Jagora zuwa Kyiv. - Kyiv, CCA, 2012 (marubuci) ''Akwai e-version na littafin a cikin tsarin pdf a'' : http://arttemenos.files.wordpress.com/2012/05/anna_lisyuk-inshy_kiiv.pdf{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * Евпатория: Прогулки по Малому Иерусалиму. Новое издание. – Симферополь: Бизнес-Информ, 2012 (издание ''расширенное'' и переработанное) ''Sabuntawa'' . - Simferopol', Bayanin Kasuwanci, 2012 (faɗaɗɗen bugu da sake dubawa) * Veni, Vidi, Scripsi: Де, як і чому працюють українці. - К.: Темпора, 2014 (співавтор) / ''Veni, Vidi, Scripsi: Inda, Ta yaya kuma Me yasa Ukrainians ke aiki'' . – Kyiv, Tempora Publishing House, 2014 (marubuci) * Наш Крим: неросійські історії українського півострова. - К.: К.І.С., 2016 (співавтор) / Crimean ''mu: Labarun da ba na Rasha ba na Yukren Peninsula'' . - Kyiv, KIS, 2016 (marubuci) * Історія Криму першої половини ХХ ст. Нариси. - К.: Академія української преси, 2020 (співавтор) / ''Tarihin Crimea a farkon rabin na 20th Century.'' ''Zane-zane'' . - Kyiv, AUP, 2020 (marubuci) * Тільки у Львові: Тонько, Щепко і всі-всі-всі. - К.: К.І.С., 2020 (співавтор) / ''Kawai a Lviv: Tonko, Szczepko da duk Sauransu'' . - Kyiv, KIS, 2020 (marubuci) == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hira da aiki == * [http://risu.org.ua/article_print.php?id=43909&name=religious_region&_lang=ua& Stanislav Tsalyk yayi magana game da tsoron Kyiv, almara da asirai] {{In lang|uk}} * [http://www.umoloda.kiev.ua/number/189/171/6628/ Stanislav Tsalyk: "Baron Munchausen da Grigoriy Skovoroda sun hadu a filin Kontraktova"] {{In lang|uk}} * [http://www.tolerancja.pl/?wielokulturowosc-z-perspektywy-kijowa,336 Stanislav Tsalyk yayi magana game da al'adu da yawa na Kyiv // tolerancja.pl] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101201060452/http://tolerancja.pl/?wielokulturowosc-z-perspektywy-kijowa,336 |date=2010-12-01 }} ( '''Yaren mutanen Poland''' ) * [https://archive.today/20130419154004/http://bgorod.in.ua/news/ctas-tsalik-kakoy-landshaft-takie-lyudi.html Stanislav Tsalyk: "Halin mutane yana da siffar da wuri"] {{In lang|ru}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140518085411/http://nashkiev.ua/zhurnal/lyudi-v-gorode/stanislav-calik.html Stanislav Tsalyk a cikin aikin "Mutane a cikin birni" // НашКиев.ua] {{In lang|ru}} * [http://www.day.kiev.ua/303156 Stanislav Tsalyk: "Ɗauki Tarihi ta hannun Hannunsa"] {{In lang|uk}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304193926/http://www.artukraine.com/old/newyear/ukrtoast.htm SABUWAR SHEKARU: YADDA YAN Ukrainian suka YI GASKIYA ZUWA SABBIN FARUWA A SABON SHEKARA] (Turanci) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160305162017/http://hoi.com.ua/archives/20 Stanislav Tsalyk yayi magana game da Stanislaw Lem] (Turanci) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20170202061435/http://www.germanworldonline.com/%3FVYyukSLc Stanislav Tsalyk yayi magana game da Leopold von Sacher-Masoch] (Turanci) * [http://polonews.in.ua/aktualnosci/gospodarka/polski-investitsiji-u-kijivske-metro-troeshchina-stae-blizhche.html Zuba jari na Yaren mutanen Poland a cikin metro na Kiev: Troeschina yana gabatowa] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304205127/http://polonews.in.ua/aktualnosci/gospodarka/polski-investitsiji-u-kijivske-metro-troeshchina-stae-blizhche.html |date=2016-03-04 }} (Yaren mutanen Poland, Ukrainian) * [http://risu.org.ua/ua/relig_tourism/religious_region/46409/ Little Urushalima a yammacin gabar tekun Crimea] {{In lang|uk}} * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8lLBtXP6DxA Bidiyo game da gabatarwar littafin ''Kyiv: taƙaitaccen 70th'' - hira da marubuci] {{In lang|ru}} * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=otYRh8rcgjs Wani ɓangare na video lacca "Kyiv a lokacin lokacin UkrSSR Shugabannin Shelest da Shcherbitsky: Official da kuma Unofficial Sides of Capital ta Life", Ye Book Store, Yuni 7, 2012. TVi Channel] {{In lang|uk}} * [http://litakcent.com/2014/02/03/stanislav-calyk-fiksacija-stala-mojim-postijnym-zhanrom-v-ostanni-roky Stanislav Tsalyk: "Rikodin gaskiya ya zama nau'in da na fi so"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220305225258/http://litakcent.com/2014/02/03/stanislav-calyk-fiksacija-stala-mojim-postijnym-zhanrom-v-ostanni-roky/ |date=2022-03-05 }} {{In lang|uk}} * [http://uisgda.com/ru/novosti/1074-stanislav-tsalik-u-konflikta-na-donbasse-otsutstvuet-istoriya Stanislav Tsalyk: "Rikicin Donbass ba shi da tarihi"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151225051300/http://uisgda.com/ru/novosti/1074-stanislav-tsalik-u-konflikta-na-donbasse-otsutstvuet-istoriya/ |date=2015-12-25 }} {{In lang|ru}} * [http://www.chasopys.ua/events/event-1403.html Wani jami'in binciken tarihi tare da Stanislav Tsalyk. Fitattun Kyivans da Asirin su: Novel Anatoliy Kuznetsov "Babi Yar"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202010259/http://www.chasopys.ua/events/event-1403.html |date=2017-02-02 }} {{In lang|uk}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Marubuta daga Kyiv]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1962]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] nr07ewunbq6ptegyndmnyn8zuk2505r 0 29879 829901 495213 2026-05-05T05:24:55Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829901 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Шейко Володимир.jpg|thumb|Daya daga cikinn masu shirin]] Mawakan '''Rediyon Symphony na''' ƙasar Ukraine ( Ukrainian ; a baya NRCU Symphony Orchestra, Симфонічний оркестр НРКУ) ita ce ƙungiyar makaɗa ta watsa shirye-shiryen Rediyon Ukrainian tun shekarar 1929.<ref>"Заслужений академічний симфонічний оркестр Українського радіо | Українське радіо". ''www.nrcu.gov.ua''. Retrieved 2019-05-01.</ref> Yanzu ƙungiyar mawaƙa wani ɓangare ne na gidan rediyon jama'a na ƙasa UA:PBC . Tushen maimaitawa da babban wurin wasan kwaikwayo na ƙungiyar makaɗa shine Gidan Rikodi na Rediyon Ukrainian, wanda ke Kyiv. == Tarihi == Sabuwar ƙungiyar da aka ƙirƙira na mawaƙa gidan rediyon ''Ukraine'' a wancan lokacin, wanda aka fara yi a bainar jama'a ranar 5 ga Oktoban shekarata 1929, wanda ya biyo bayan yabo mai mahimmanci kuma har yau ana ɗaukar muhimmin lokaci na tarihin al'adun Ukraine. An gayyaci mafi kyawun mawaƙa na tsohon babban birnin Ukraine Kharkiv don shiga ƙungiyar makaɗa da Yakiv Rozenshteyn . Mawakan mawaƙa 45 sun kasance wani ɓangare na gidan wasan kwaikwayo na rediyo. Zagayen zagayowar nasa na farko mai nuna ayyukan Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky ya fara ne jim kaɗan bayan buɗe 14 ga Oktoba tare da kade-kaɗe na 5 da ɗakin kaɗe-kaɗe na 3. Saboda sauye-sauyen siyasa da sauye-sauyen ƙwararru ƙungiyar makaɗa daga ƙarshe ta ƙaura zuwa sabon babban birnin [[Kiev|Ukraine Kiev]] kuma ta ƙara adadin zuwa mawaƙa 60. Ba da da ewa ba da zama gwamnati tilo da ke goyon bayan ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta musamman ga kaɗe-kaɗe na kaɗe-kaɗe, ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta ci gaba da watsa shirye-shirye, kide-kide na jama'a da yin rikodi na Ukraine da alamun kiɗan na duniya. Musamman faifan bidiyo da aka yi rikodin ya tabbatar da samun nasara ta kasuwanci sosai yayin da ake ɗaukar kide-kide da kide-kide na al'adun gargajiya na ƙasa kuma an ƙara su zuwa kuɗin Gidan Rediyon Ukrainian. Nasarorin Orchestras a kiyaye m al'adar Ukraine musamman da kuma Gabashin Turai a general, samar da fiye da 10.000 rikodi na makada ayyukan da aka hadu da samun lambar yabo na girmamawa Collective da kuma ba ilimi matsayi na musamman isa yabo a cikin ci gaban da m art a cikin. Ukraine.<ref>"Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2013-10-08. Retrieved 2013-10-10.</ref> A tsawon shekaru da kungiyar mawaƙan ta hada kai da mashahuran madugu irin su Mykola Kolessa, Natan Rakhlin, Theodore Kuchar, Aram Gharabekian da sauransu da dama – haka kuma sun zagaya a duk fadin Turai da Asiya ciki har da [[Jamus]], [[Italiya]], [[Faransa]], [[Ispaniya|Spain]], [[Poland]], [[Koriya ta Kudu]] . [[Iran]] da [[Aljeriya]].<ref>Ukraine National Radio Symphony Orchestra- Bio, Albums, Pictures – Naxos Classical Music".</ref><ref>"Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2013-10-07. Retrieved 2013-10-10.</ref> == Tsoffin jagorori == * Yakiv Rozenshteyn * Herman Adler * Mykhailo Kanershteyn * Petro Polyakov * Kostyantyn Simeonov * Vadym Gnesh * Volodymyr Sirenko * Viacheslav Blinov * Volodymyr Sheiko (tun 2005) == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.nrcu.gov.ua/en/symphony_orchestra Shafin] ''gidan rediyon Ukrainian Symphony Orchestra'' akan gidan rediyon Ukrainian * [http://vladimirsheiko.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=76&Itemid=66&lang=en Mawaƙan layi-layi] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220220084104/http://vladimirsheiko.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=76&Itemid=66&lang=en |date=2022-02-20 }} == Manazarta == <references /> {{Authority control}} [[Category:Mawaƙan Kasar Ukraine]] [[Category:Ƙungiyoyin mawaƙan ƙasa Ukraine]] s7oe9w22bw3703cwn9wegl8s3fscl0m 0 31941 829635 666860 2026-05-04T18:37:12Z Adamu Sani Muhammad 20906 829635 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Dutse Emirates Place 04.jpg|thumb|Masarautar dutse]] '''Dutse Emirate''' is a tarihi Emirate Council in [[Jigawa|Jigawa State]], [[Najeriya|Nigeria]]. Ya samo asali ne daga tatsuniyoyi na farkon mafarauta kuma sarakuna da abubuwan da suka faru daban-daban sun yi tasiri a kansu. Tarihin Masarautar ya hada alaqa da [[Jerin Sarakunan Kano|Sarkin Kano]], lokacin hawan [[fulani]], da daidaitawa ga canje-canjen zamanin mulkin mallaka.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2019-11-25 |title=Takaitaccen tarihin Masarautar Dutse |url=https://aminiya.ng/takaitaccen-tarihin-masarautar-dutse/ |access-date=2023-10-14 |website=Aminiya |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Dutse - Jigawa State Government |url=https://jigawastate.gov.ng/dutse.php |access-date=2023-10-14 |website=jigawastate.gov.ng |archive-date=2023-10-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231013222632/https://jigawastate.gov.ng/dutse.php |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Dutse |first=Abdu Boyi |url=https://openlibrary.org/books/OL23961316M/Tarihin_masarautar_Dutse_1727-2003 |title=Tarihin masarautar Dutse, 1727-2003 |date=2004 |publisher=Benchmark Publishers Ltd. |isbn=978-978-36905-8-5 |location=Goron Dutse [Nigeria]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=INTRODUCTION |url=https://dutseemirate.com/jm/indexe840.html?option=com_content&view=article&id=62&Itemid=126 |access-date=2023-10-14 |website=dutseemirate.com}}</ref> Sarkin Dutse na yanzu Hameem Nuhu Sanusi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Maishanu |first=Abubakar Ahmadu |date=2023-02-05 |title=PROFILE: New Emir of Dutse assumes throne |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/regional/nwest/580149-profile-new-emir-of-dutse-assumes-throne.html |access-date=2023-10-14 |website=Premium Times Nigeria |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Muntari |first=Tukur |date=2023-02-05 |title=JUST IN: Gov Badaru names new Emir of Dutse |url=https://punchng.com/just-in-gov-badaru-names-new-emir-of-dutse/ |access-date=2023-10-14 |website=Punch Newspapers |language=en-US}}</ref> == Tarihi == === Farko === A cewar almara, yankin da ake kira Dutse, wani mafarauci mai suna Duna-Magu ne ya fara gano shi, wanda ya kware wajen farautar farauta, musamman na barewa. Don haka ne ya sanya mata laqabi da “Gadawur”. Mazauna Garu ana kyautata zaton ya wanzu tun kafin zuwan Bagauda Kano a karshen karni na daya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dutse {{!}} Location, History, & Facts {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Dutse |access-date=2023-10-14 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> === Dangantaka da Sarkin Kano === Rubuce-rubuce na farko game da Dutse yana cikin [[Tarihin Kano|littafin tarihin Kano]], wanda ya ambaci yadda sarkin Kano [[Abdullahi Burja]] ya sha kaye a tsakanin shekarun 1438-1452. Bayan wannan cin kashi, Abdullahi Burja ya auri ‘yar Sarkin Dutse, wanda hakan ya haifar da alaka tsakanin masarautun biyu. A farkon karni na 18, Dutse ya zama babban gari mai kusan unguwanni saba'in a katangarsa. Wadannan katanga sun kare tsakiyar yankin da ke kusa da rafin Jambo kuma suna da kofofin birni goma sha biyu, kowannensu yana da sunan unguwa mafi kusa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=TARIHIN GARIN DUTSEN JIHAR JIGAWA. 1 |url=https://www.alummarhausa.com.ng/2019/03/tarihin-garin-dutsen-jihar-jigawa-1.html |access-date=2023-10-14 |website=www.alummarhausa.com.ng}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bilyaminu |first=Hannatu |date=2023-03-16 |title=Unveiling the new Emir of Dutse |url=https://blueprint.ng/unveiling-the-new-emir-of-dutse/ |access-date=2023-10-14 |website=Blueprint Newspapers Limited |language=en-US}}</ref> === Masu mulki === A tsakanin shekara ta 1732 zuwa 1735 wani bafulatani mai karfi mai suna Ada ya taka rawar gani a tarihin Dutse. Da farko ya isa Dutse ne a matsayin wakilin soja na Sarkin Kano [[Kumbari]] . Sai dai Ada ya ci gaba da fatattakar mai mulkin Dutse, ya kwace mulki. Mulkin sa bai dade ba ya fuskanci adawa da yaki da sojojin Kano. Bayan Ada, Tsohon Mutum ya zama sarkin Dutse, kuma ana tunawa da shi da gina Ganuwar Garu, wani karin katanga da ya yi katangar garin fadar Garu. Daga baya, hawan fulani a shekara ta 1806 ya kawo sauyi a tarihin Dutse.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Rulers of Dutse |url=https://dutseemirate.com/jm34/index.php/rulers-of-dutse |access-date=2023-10-14 |website=dutseemirate.com}}</ref> === Sarautar Fulani a 1806 === A shekarar 1806, Fulani, karkashin jagorancin Salihi da Musa daga kabilar Fulani Yalligawa da Jalligawa, suka mamaye birnin Dutse. Sun yi hijira zuwa Dutse daga [[Ngazargamu|Birnin Gazargamo]] a cikin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu|Daular Kanem–Bornu]] . hijirar tasu ta kasance ne saboda yanayin siyasa da aka fi samu a Dutse, inda suka zama jagororin siyasa da malaman addinin Musulunci, inda suka samu amincewar al’ummar yankin. Wannan ya nuna gagarumin sauyi ga Dutse, wanda a yanzu ya amince da Sarkin Kano Suleman a matsayin shugabansu na ruhaniya. Kazalika, Kano ta baiwa Dutse ‘yancin cin gashin kai a kananan hukumomi.<ref name=":1" /> == Sarakuna == Jerin sarakunan Dutse. # Salihi dan Awwal - C1807-1819 # Musa dan Ahmadu - C1819-1840 # Bello dan Musa - C1840-1849 # Suleiman dan Musa - C1849-1868 # Ibrahim I dan Salihi - C1868-1884 # Abdulkadir I dan Salihi - C1884-1893 # Salihi dan Ibrahim - C1893-1894 # Ibrahim II dan Musa - C1894-1894 # Abdulkadir II dan Musa - C1894-1901 # Abdulkadir III dan Ibrahim - C1901-1903 # Haladu dan Sulemanu - C1903-1910 # Halilu dan Bello - C1910-1911 # Hamida dan Ibrahim - C1912-1912 # Abdullahi 1 dan Sulemanu - C1912-1919 # Bello II dan Abdulkadir - C1919-1923 # Suleiman II dan Nuhu - C1923-1960 # Abdullahi Maikano Sulemanu - C1960-1983 # Mohammadu Sunusi dan Bello - C1983-1995 # Nuhu Muhammad Sanusi - C1995-date # Hameem Nuhu Muhammad Sunusi == Gallery == '''hotuna daga fadar sarki Garu''' <Gallery> File:Dutse_Emir.jpg|Sarkin Dutse Dutse 5.jpg Dutse Palace.jpg Dutse Emirates Palace.jpg Emir Palace Dutse.jpg Dutse Emirates 15.jpg Dutse Emir Palace.jpg Dutse Emirates Place 04.jpg </Gallery> == Nassoshi == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Masarautu]] [[Category:Masarautu a Nijeriya]] natczdmlqgb6vysj2tf0xp4kg2j9gxd 829636 829635 2026-05-04T18:45:19Z Adamu Sani Muhammad 20906 /* Farko */ 829636 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Dutse Emirates Place 04.jpg|thumb|Masarautar dutse]] '''Dutse Emirate''' is a tarihi Emirate Council in [[Jigawa|Jigawa State]], [[Najeriya|Nigeria]]. Ya samo asali ne daga tatsuniyoyi na farkon mafarauta kuma sarakuna da abubuwan da suka faru daban-daban sun yi tasiri a kansu. Tarihin Masarautar ya hada alaqa da [[Jerin Sarakunan Kano|Sarkin Kano]], lokacin hawan [[fulani]], da daidaitawa ga canje-canjen zamanin mulkin mallaka.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2019-11-25 |title=Takaitaccen tarihin Masarautar Dutse |url=https://aminiya.ng/takaitaccen-tarihin-masarautar-dutse/ |access-date=2023-10-14 |website=Aminiya |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Dutse - Jigawa State Government |url=https://jigawastate.gov.ng/dutse.php |access-date=2023-10-14 |website=jigawastate.gov.ng |archive-date=2023-10-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231013222632/https://jigawastate.gov.ng/dutse.php |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Dutse |first=Abdu Boyi |url=https://openlibrary.org/books/OL23961316M/Tarihin_masarautar_Dutse_1727-2003 |title=Tarihin masarautar Dutse, 1727-2003 |date=2004 |publisher=Benchmark Publishers Ltd. |isbn=978-978-36905-8-5 |location=Goron Dutse [Nigeria]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=INTRODUCTION |url=https://dutseemirate.com/jm/indexe840.html?option=com_content&view=article&id=62&Itemid=126 |access-date=2023-10-14 |website=dutseemirate.com}}</ref> Sarkin Dutse na yanzu Hameem Nuhu Sanusi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Maishanu |first=Abubakar Ahmadu |date=2023-02-05 |title=PROFILE: New Emir of Dutse assumes throne |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/regional/nwest/580149-profile-new-emir-of-dutse-assumes-throne.html |access-date=2023-10-14 |website=Premium Times Nigeria |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Muntari |first=Tukur |date=2023-02-05 |title=JUST IN: Gov Badaru names new Emir of Dutse |url=https://punchng.com/just-in-gov-badaru-names-new-emir-of-dutse/ |access-date=2023-10-14 |website=Punch Newspapers |language=en-US}}</ref> == Tarihi == === Farko === A cewar almara, yankin da ake kira Dutse, wani mafarauci mai suna Duna-Magu ne ya fara gano shi, wanda ya kware wajen farauta, musamman ta barewa. Don haka ne ya sanya mata laqabi da “Gadawur”. Mazauna Garu ana kyautata zaton ya wanzu tun kafin zuwan Bagauda Kano a karshen karni na daya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dutse {{!}} Location, History, & Facts {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Dutse |access-date=2023-10-14 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> === Dangantaka da Sarkin Kano === Rubuce-rubuce na farko game da Dutse yana cikin [[Tarihin Kano|littafin tarihin Kano]], wanda ya ambaci yadda sarkin Kano [[Abdullahi Burja]] ya sha kaye a tsakanin shekarun 1438-1452. Bayan wannan cin kashi, Abdullahi Burja ya auri ‘yar Sarkin Dutse, wanda hakan ya haifar da alaka tsakanin masarautun biyu. A farkon karni na 18, Dutse ya zama babban gari mai kusan unguwanni saba'in a katangarsa. Wadannan katanga sun kare tsakiyar yankin da ke kusa da rafin Jambo kuma suna da kofofin birni goma sha biyu, kowannensu yana da sunan unguwa mafi kusa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=TARIHIN GARIN DUTSEN JIHAR JIGAWA. 1 |url=https://www.alummarhausa.com.ng/2019/03/tarihin-garin-dutsen-jihar-jigawa-1.html |access-date=2023-10-14 |website=www.alummarhausa.com.ng}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bilyaminu |first=Hannatu |date=2023-03-16 |title=Unveiling the new Emir of Dutse |url=https://blueprint.ng/unveiling-the-new-emir-of-dutse/ |access-date=2023-10-14 |website=Blueprint Newspapers Limited |language=en-US}}</ref> === Masu mulki === A tsakanin shekara ta 1732 zuwa 1735 wani bafulatani mai karfi mai suna Ada ya taka rawar gani a tarihin Dutse. Da farko ya isa Dutse ne a matsayin wakilin soja na Sarkin Kano [[Kumbari]] . Sai dai Ada ya ci gaba da fatattakar mai mulkin Dutse, ya kwace mulki. Mulkin sa bai dade ba ya fuskanci adawa da yaki da sojojin Kano. Bayan Ada, Tsohon Mutum ya zama sarkin Dutse, kuma ana tunawa da shi da gina Ganuwar Garu, wani karin katanga da ya yi katangar garin fadar Garu. Daga baya, hawan fulani a shekara ta 1806 ya kawo sauyi a tarihin Dutse.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Rulers of Dutse |url=https://dutseemirate.com/jm34/index.php/rulers-of-dutse |access-date=2023-10-14 |website=dutseemirate.com}}</ref> === Sarautar Fulani a 1806 === A shekarar 1806, Fulani, karkashin jagorancin Salihi da Musa daga kabilar Fulani Yalligawa da Jalligawa, suka mamaye birnin Dutse. Sun yi hijira zuwa Dutse daga [[Ngazargamu|Birnin Gazargamo]] a cikin [[Daular Kanem-Bornu|Daular Kanem–Bornu]] . hijirar tasu ta kasance ne saboda yanayin siyasa da aka fi samu a Dutse, inda suka zama jagororin siyasa da malaman addinin Musulunci, inda suka samu amincewar al’ummar yankin. Wannan ya nuna gagarumin sauyi ga Dutse, wanda a yanzu ya amince da Sarkin Kano Suleman a matsayin shugabansu na ruhaniya. Kazalika, Kano ta baiwa Dutse ‘yancin cin gashin kai a kananan hukumomi.<ref name=":1" /> == Sarakuna == Jerin sarakunan Dutse. # Salihi dan Awwal - C1807-1819 # Musa dan Ahmadu - C1819-1840 # Bello dan Musa - C1840-1849 # Suleiman dan Musa - C1849-1868 # Ibrahim I dan Salihi - C1868-1884 # Abdulkadir I dan Salihi - C1884-1893 # Salihi dan Ibrahim - C1893-1894 # Ibrahim II dan Musa - C1894-1894 # Abdulkadir II dan Musa - C1894-1901 # Abdulkadir III dan Ibrahim - C1901-1903 # Haladu dan Sulemanu - C1903-1910 # Halilu dan Bello - C1910-1911 # Hamida dan Ibrahim - C1912-1912 # Abdullahi 1 dan Sulemanu - C1912-1919 # Bello II dan Abdulkadir - C1919-1923 # Suleiman II dan Nuhu - C1923-1960 # Abdullahi Maikano Sulemanu - C1960-1983 # Mohammadu Sunusi dan Bello - C1983-1995 # Nuhu Muhammad Sanusi - C1995-date # Hameem Nuhu Muhammad Sunusi == Gallery == '''hotuna daga fadar sarki Garu''' <Gallery> File:Dutse_Emir.jpg|Sarkin Dutse Dutse 5.jpg Dutse Palace.jpg Dutse Emirates Palace.jpg Emir Palace Dutse.jpg Dutse Emirates 15.jpg Dutse Emir Palace.jpg Dutse Emirates Place 04.jpg </Gallery> == Nassoshi == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Masarautu]] [[Category:Masarautu a Nijeriya]] 4w4eatvljnoqxjn4k50oio8f2xp3s9b 0 33421 829801 301644 2026-05-05T03:41:34Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829801 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sheikh Sibi''' (an haife shi a ranar 21 ga watan Fabrairun shekarar 1998) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar [[Gambia]] [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|wanda]] ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida/raga a ƙungiyar Serie C Italiya Virtus Verona da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Gambia. <ref name="soccerway">{{Soccerway|554642}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Sibi a Serekunda mahaifiyarsa 'yar Gambia ce kuma mahaifinsa ɗan Mauritaniya.<ref>Scorpions Profile-[[Sheikh Sibi]], Goal Keeper". Retrieved 22 October 2020.</ref> Ya bar Gambia yana da shekaru 16 da fatan yin hijira zuwa Turai. A cikin tafiya, ya ketare [[Sahara|hamadar Sahara]] ya isa [[Tripoli]], inda ya yi aiki a matsayin mai zane na tsawon watanni biyar. A watan Yulin 2015, ya haye Tekun Bahar Rum a cikin jirgin ruwa kuma ya isa tsibirin Lampedusa na Italiya.<ref>Sibi, che storia! "La mia speranza in un barcone. Ora il calcio a Verona". Retrieved 22 October 2020.</ref> == Aikin kulob/ƙungiya == Bayan zuwansa Italiya, an sanya Sibi zuwa Cibiyar liyafar Costagrande a Verona. Ba da daɗewa ba ya ƙaura zuwa Virtus Vita, ƙungiya mai zaman kanta wacce ke maraba da baƙi. Tun da Virtus Vita da Virtus Verona na kamfani ɗaya ne Vencomp, hakan ya taimaka wa Sibi ya ci gaba da wasan ƙwallon ƙafa.<ref>Fere, occhio a [[Sheikh Sibi]]: dal barcone alla Virtus Verona col mito di Buffon". Retrieved 22 October 2020.</ref> Sibi ya fara buga wasa a kulob din Virtus Verona a ranar 30 ga watan Oktoba 2016 a gasar Seria D da ci 2-1 a hannun [[:it:Union Feltre Amateur Sports Society|Union Feltre]]. Ya buga wasansa na Seria C da ƙwararru a ranar 16 ga Satumba 2018 a ci 2-0 a hannun Fermana.<ref>Fermana vs. Virtus Verona-16 September 2018". Retrieved 22 October 2020.</ref> == Ayyukan kasa == Sibi ya sami kira da yawa daga tawagar ƙasar Gambia tun watan a Yuni 2019.<ref> [[Sheikh Sibi]]: dall'inferno del Mediterraneo al paradiso della Nazionale". Retrieved 22 October 2020.</ref> Ya fara buga wasansa na farko a duniya a ranar 29 ga Maris 2021 a wasan da suka doke DR Congo da ci 1-0.<ref>[[Sheikh Sibi]] gets heroic status after impressive Gambia debut". 30 March 2021. Retrieved 30 March 2021.</ref> == Kididdigar sana'a/aiki == === Ƙasashen Duniya === {{Updated|match played 12 October 2021}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Profile of Sheikh Sibi|url=https://www.besoccer.com/player/sibi-sheikh-682044|access-date=9 March 2022}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Fitowa da burin tawagar ƙasa da shekara ! Tawagar kasa ! Shekara ! Aikace-aikace ! Burin |- | rowspan="1" | Gambia | 2021 | 3 | 0 |- ! colspan="2" | Jimlar ! 3 ! 0 |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * Sheikh Sibi at WorldFootball.net [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] o9jbk60ev2kqulyj3mpkvu586drau25 0 35677 829683 494387 2026-05-04T21:14:40Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829683 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Sri Rama Temple, 1 Seethavilas Road, Mysore,.jpg|thumb|sankara matam]] [[Fayil:Domes Sri Rama Temple, Seethavilas Road, Mysore (03).jpg|thumb|Sankara matam]] Titin Sankara Matam babbar hanya ce a cikin birnin Visakhapatnam na Indiya. Sunan hanyar ya samo asali ne daga wata shahararriyar Matam Hindu da ke kusa. Yana daya daga cikin manyan hanyoyin da suka hada da Dwaraka Nagar zuwa Akkayyapalem.<ref>{{cite web|title=about road |author=Maps India|url=https://www.mapsofindia.com/visakhapatnam/localities/shankara-matam.html|publisher=[[Maps of India]]|accessdate=19 June 2018}}</ref> wannan hanyar kasuwanci ce ta inganta sosai.<ref>{{cite web|title=details|author=income tax india|url=http://office.incometaxindia.gov.in/hyderabad/Lists/Tenders/Attachments/122/Tender-house-keeping-services-Visakhapatnam-25-04-2016.pdf|publisher=[[Income Tax]]|accessdate=21 November 2019|archive-date=11 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190711114541/http://office.incometaxindia.gov.in/hyderabad/Lists/Tenders/Attachments/122/Tender-house-keeping-services-Visakhapatnam-25-04-2016.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Manazarta == lk6fj63t6smxggm9isb9uydo9qpu4jt 0 38483 829648 821095 2026-05-04T19:33:24Z Abubakar Zaharadeen 43930 215 829648 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:THE NORTH WESTERN STATE OF NIGERIA.pdf|thumb|Taswirar masarutar yammacin yankin]] Garin [[Gusau]] gari ne da aka kafa shi tun a shekara ta alif Dubu Daya da Dari Takwas da Goma sha Daya(1811), kimanin Shekara Dari Biyu da Goma sha Biyar kenan (215) da suka gabata, bayan tasowar garin daga ‘Yandoto a shekarar alif Dubu Daya da dari takwas da shida (1806). Garin Gusau yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan garuruwan tsohuwar Jihar Sakkwato kafin daga bisani ya zama babban birnin Jihar [[Zamfara]] a shekarar alif Dubu daya da dari tara da cassa'in da shida (1996). Kamar yadda kundin tarihin kasa na alif Dubu daya da dari Tara da ashirin (1920), ya nuna garin yana kan Titin Sakkwato zuwa Zariya ne kimanin kilomita 179, kilomita 210 tsakaninsa da [[Sakkwato]]. Daga Gabas garin Gusau ya yi iyaka da Jihar Katsina. Daga gabas ya yi iyaka da Kwatarkwashi, daga Arewa kuma ya yi iyaka da garin kaura namoda, a yayin da ya yi wata iyakar da garin Bunguɗu daga Yamma, a bangaren Kudu kuma ya yi iyaka da dansadau da kuma Tsafe. ==Wanda ya kafa garin Gusau== Almajirin Shehu [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Usmanu Dan Fodiyo]] da Sheikh Abdul salami ne wato Malam Sambo dan Ashafa Kuma bahaushene ya kafa garin Gusau wanda yake shi da Jama’arsa ba ruwansu da duk harkokin da suka shafi bautar iskokai ko tsafi irin wanda Hausawa ke yi kafin zuwan addinin [[Musulunci]], garin Gusau ba shi da tarihin jahiliya hakan,ne ya sa duk al’adun Gusawa al’adu ne irin na musulunci kuma shigowar wasu mutane wato baki a Gusau bai gurbata kyawawan al’adunsu ba don kuwa mafi yawan bakin da ke tahowa malamai ne na Musulunci da Almajirai [[Fulani|Hausawa]] da wasunsu da kan taho garin don tsira da [[Addini]]nsu da mutuncinsu da kuma dukiyarsu saboda gudun ta addancin Dan fodio dayafara bayan yafara kwadayin samun iko na mulki.A ɓangaren fada kuma duk umurnin da zai fito daga can zai kasance na dabara da abin da musulunci ya yarda da shi ne na kyawawan ɗabi’u da al’adu saboda duk kusan sarakunan da aka yi a garin Gusau Hausawane malamai ne na addinin musulunci. ==Masarautar Gusau== Masarautar Gusau, kamar yadda tarihi ya nuna ta kafu ne a shekara ta alif dari takwas da shida (1806) a hannun Malam [[Muhammadu dan Ashafa]], a wannan shekarar ne a birnin Gada Malam [[Muhammadu Bello]] dan [[Shehu Usmanu]], ya tsaga kasar [[Katsina]] biyu Gabas da Yamma gari saba’in saba’in tsakanin shi Malam Sambo din da kuma Malam [[Umarun Dallaje]], tun daga wannan lokaci ne kuma garin Gusau da masarautarsa suke ci gaba da bunkasa ta hanyoyi daban-daban. Kafin rasuwar Malam Sambo an yi wani lokaci da hedkwatar wannan masarauta ta koma garin Wonaka sakamakon rashin cikakken tsaro kuma a dalilin namun daji masu hadari, Sai bayan rasuwar Malam Sambo dansa Sarkin Katsina Malam Abdulkadir ya dawo da wannan hedkwatar a mazauninta na farko wato Gusau, a dai dai wannan lokaci ne kuma aka nada Sarkin Musulmi Atiku dan Shehu a lokacin da Malam Abdulkadir ya tafi mubaya’a sai ya labarta wa Amirul muminina wannan ci gaba da aka samu, shi kuma Sarkin Musulmi a nasa bangaren bai yi wata wata ba sai ya umurci Sarkin Zamfara Jibrin da Sarkin kaura Namoda da cewa su sa hannu a kewaye garin Gusau da ganuwa wanda a sakamakon wannan aiki ne garin a matsayinsa na hedkwatar masarautar ta sami kokofi guda tara (9) da suka hada da: kofar Kwatarkwashi, da kofar Katsaura da kofar Rawayya da kofar Jange da kofar Dogo da kofar Mani da kofar Tubani da kofar Koje da kuma kofar matsattsa. ==Tsarin Mulkin masarautar Gusau== A takaice dai garin Gusau yana da masarauta daya mai babban sarki, akwai kuma iyayen kasa goma sha hudu, ‘yan majalisar sarki goma sha takwas, sarautun fada kuma akwai kimanin dari da hudu, Garin yana da masallatan juma’a ashirin da uku yana da kananan makarantun boko guda sittin da hudu matsakaita guda arba’in da uku sannan akwai manyan makarantu guda hudu. Garin Gusau gari ne da yake da manyan kasuwanni guda uku yana kuma da kamfanoni na ‘yan kasuwa guda ashirin da bakwai akwai manyan malaman addinin Musulunci tsakanin rayayyu da wadanda suka rasu kimanin sittin da biyar. Daga lokacin da aka kafa garin Gusau bayan malam Sambo dan Ashafa a 1806- zuwa 1827 an yi sarakuna daga cikin zuri’arsa irin su. == Masarautar Gusau a alif Dari takwas da ashirin da bakwai (1827-1917)== *Malam Abdulkadir daga shekarar (1827-1867) *Malam [[Muhammadu Modibbo]] (1867 -1876) *Malam [[Muhammad Tuburi]] (1876-1887) *Malam [[Muhammadu Giɗe]] (1887-1900) *Malam [[Muhammadu Murtala]] (1900-1916) *Malam [[Muhammadu dangida]] (1916-1917). Daga wannan shekarar anyi wasu Sarakuna da ba a fadi sunayensu ba daga 1917-1984 sannan sai *Alhaji [[Muhammadu Kabir danbaba]] (1984 -2015) *Alhaji [[Ibrahim Bello]] (2015 har zuwa yanzu). ==Yiwa masarautar gyaran fuska== A shekara ta dubu biyu da uku 2003 da aka zabi Alhaji Ahmad Sani Yeriman Bakura gwamnan Jihar Zamfara shi ma ya kara sake fasalin majalisar, masarautar ta Gusau inda ta koma kamar haka. Daga karshe iyayen kasa kuma da suke karkashin wannan masarauta ta Gusau da ake kira Katsinan Gusau, sun hada da Galadima da Mayana da Madawaki da Magajin Sabon Gari da Baraden Tudun Wada da Sarkin Kudun Damba da Ubandoman wanke da Farimanan Magani da Sarkin Yakin Rijiya da Magajin Mada da Kogon Wonaka ta Yamma da Magajin Ruwan Baure.<ref>https://punchng.com/banditry-months-after-no-fly-order-fg-shuts-down-telecom-sites-in-zamfara/</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Nwannah |first=Ifeanyi |date=2022-08-06 |title=Zamfara govt commends House of Assembly for passing Social Protection Bill into law |url=https://dailypost.ng/2022/08/06/zamfara-govt-commends-house-of-assembly-for-passing-social-protection-bill-into-law/ |access-date=2022-08-08 |website=Daily Post Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref> ==Manazarta== 2w8c54oe6hmbztfnzqaejal0haj5xvy 0 39866 829912 704325 2026-05-05T06:01:49Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829912 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Shona Brownlee''' MBE (an haife ta a shekara ta 1979)<ref name="GB">{{cite web|url=https://gbsnowsport.com/music-has-played-a-massive-part-in-my-life-its-almost-all-ive-ever-known-shona-brownlee/|title="MUSIC HAS PLAYED A MASSIVE PART IN MY LIFE. IT'S ALMOST ALL I'VE EVER KNOWN!" – SHONA BROWNLEE|publisher=GB Snowsport|accessdate=4 March 2022}}</ref> 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta kasar Biritaniya kuma kofur ta Royal Air Force Corp. Ta lashe lambobin yabo biyu a Gasar Wasannin Wasannin Wasannin Para Snow na Duniya na shekarar 2021, kuma ta yi gasa a wasannin nakasassu na lokacin hunturu na shekarar 2022. == Rayuwar farko == Brownlee ta fito daga Livingston, West Lothian, Scotland.<ref name="Blesma">{{cite web|url=https://blesma.org/news-media/blesma-news/2022/shona-brownlee-mbe-is-ready-to-take-on-paralympic-monoski/|title=Shona Brownlee MBE is ready to take on Paralympic Monoski|publisher=[[Blesma, The Limbless Veterans]]|date=2 March 2022|accessdate=3 March 2022}}</ref> Ta halarci Makarantar Firamare ta Carmondean da Deans Community High School. Tana da digiri na farko a fannin kiɗa daga Royal [[Birmingham]] Conservatoire, da digiri na biyu daga Jami'ar Jihar [[Arizona]].<ref name="Record21">{{cite news|url=https://www.dailyrecord.co.uk/news/local-news/west-lothian-winter-paralympic-skier-25545866|title=West Lothian Winter Paralympic skier named RAF Sportswoman of the Year|work=[[Daily Record (Scotland)|Daily Record]]|date=25 November 2021|accessdate=3 March 2022}}</ref> == Aikin RAF == Bronwlee ta shiga rundunar sojan sama ta Royal Air Force a shekara ta 2012.<ref name="Record21" /><ref name="BBC">{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/disability-sport/60009846|title=World Para Snow Sports Championships: Britain's Shona Brownlee wins Para-alpine skiing silver|work=[[BBC Sport]]|date=16 January 2022|accessdate=3 March 2022}}</ref> A wannan shekarar, ta ji rauni a idon sawunta a horo, wanda daga baya ya zama wani hadadden ciwo na yanki.<ref name="Blesma" /> A shekarar 2018, an yanke mata kafa.<ref name="Record21" /> Brownlee ta kasance memba na Central Band na Royal Air Force;<ref name="Gov">{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/armed-forces-recognised-for-outstanding-achievements-in-the-new-year-honours-list--2|title=Armed Forces recognised for outstanding achievements in the New Year Honours list|work=[[Government of the United Kingdom]]|date=31 December 2021|accessdate=3 March 2021}}</ref> tana buga kaho na Faransa da piano.<ref name="Blesma" /> Kafin a yanke ta, ba ta iya shiga cikin tawagar masu tafiya saboda raunin da ta samu.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.raf.mod.uk/news/articles/raf-sportsman-and-sportswoman-2021/|title=RAF sportsman and sportswoman 2021|publisher=[[Royal Air Force]]|date=7 December 2021|accessdate=4 March 2022}}</ref> == Aikin wasanni == Brownlee ta fara wasan tseren kankara a Bavaria, Jamus a cikin shekarar 2018.<ref name="Record21" /> Daga baya ta zama wani ɓangare na Ƙungiyar Sojoji Para Snowsport,<ref name="Gov" /> kuma a cikin shekara ta 2019, ta tara £ 50,000 don agaji ta ƙungiyar.<ref name="Gov" /> An ƙara Brownlee zuwa ƙungiyar GB Snowsport don kakar shekarar 2021–22.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.snowindustrynews.com/articles/2021/august/british-paralympic-legends-joined-by-new-talent-in-largest-ever-british-world-class-programme-para-snowsport-squad/|title=British Paralympic Legends Joined By New Talent In Largest Ever British World Class Programme Para Snowsport Squad|publisher=Snow Industry News|date=28 August 2021|accessdate=3 March 2022}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Tun daga shekarar 2021, ta lashe lambobin yabo 25 a gasar cin kofin Europa da Arewacin Amurka, gami da lambobin zinare 11, kuma ta kasance zakara ta Biritaniya a duk wani taron wasannin tseren kankara.<ref name="Record21" /> Tun daga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2021, ita ma ita ce mafi girman matsayi na ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa ta Burtaniya, kuma ta tara mafi kyau a duniya.<ref name="Gov" /> A Gasar Wasannin Para Snow na Duniya na shekarar 2021 a Lillehammer, [[Norway]], Brownlee ta zo na biyu a gasar super-G ta mata,<ref name="BBC" /> kuma na uku a babban taron slalom.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.paralympic.org/news/winter-paralympics-preview-para-alpine-skiing-day-five|title=Winter Paralympics preview: Para alpine skiing day five|publisher=[[International Paralympic Committee]]|date=1 March 2022|accessdate=3 March 2022}}</ref> Ita ce 'yar Burtaniya ta farko da ta samu lambar yabo a gasar zakarun Turai.<ref name="Blesma" /> A wannan shekarar, ta yi takara a gasar Para-Triathlon ta Burtaniya, inda ta lashe lambar azurfa.<ref name="GB" /> A cikin watan Fabrairun shekarar 2022, an tabbatar da Brownlee a cikin ƙungiyar Birtaniyya don wasannin nakasassu na lokacin sanyi na shekarar 2022.<ref name="Ind">{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/great-britain-millie-knight-beijing-brett-wild-winter-b2020282.html|title=Great Britain to send team of 25 athletes to Paralympic Winter Games in Beijing|work=[[The Independent]]|date=22 February 2022|accessdate=3 March 2022}}</ref><ref name="Record22">{{cite news|url=https://www.dailyrecord.co.uk/news/local-news/west-lothian-winter-paralympic-games-26378186|title=West Lothian Winter Paralympic Games skier going for gold in Beijing|work=[[Daily Record (Scotland)|Daily Record]]|date=3 March 2022|accessdate=3 March 2022}}</ref> Wannan ne wasannin nakasassu na farko da ta yi,<ref name="Ind" /> kuma tana daya daga cikin 'yan wasan Scotland 14 da suka fafata.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.scottishdisabilitysport.com/14-scots-heading-to-the-beijing-2022-paralympic-winter-games/|title=14 Scots heading to the Beijing 2022 Paralympic Winter Games|publisher=Scottish Disability Sport|date=22 February 2022|accessdate=3 March 2022}}</ref> Brownlee ta zo matsayi na shida a taron super-G na zama.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.paralympic.org/beijing-2022/results?disciplineId=9235abd0-040a-3960-95a6-405b529cb2ff&eventId=365806e4-7d1b-308b-92ed-71f93d216d92|title=Women's Super-G Sitting - Results|website=paralympic.org|access-date=5 March 2022}}</ref> Zaune take a matsayi na 5 bayan Super-G, bata gama gudanar da wasan slalom na babban taron zama ba,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.paralympic.org/beijing-2022/results?disciplineId=9235abd0-040a-3960-95a6-405b529cb2ff&eventId=084c3da1-9f57-380c-b0eb-01f6bd2b2a35|title=Women's Super Combined Sitting - Results|website=paralympic.org|access-date=6 March 2022}}</ref> kuma ta zo na tara a duka katuwar slalom da ke zaune<ref>{{cite web|url=https://results.beijing2022.cn/beijing-2022/paralympic-games/static/pwg2022/pdf/PWG2022/ALP/PWG2022_ALP_C73C_ALPWGS------12050-----------------.pdf|title=Women's Giant Slalom Sitting - Results|website=results.beijing2022.cn|date=11 March 2022|access-date=11 March 2022|archive-date=12 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220312053451/https://results.beijing2022.cn/beijing-2022/paralympic-games/static/pwg2022/pdf/PWG2022/ALP/PWG2022_ALP_C73C_ALPWGS------12050-----------------.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> da kuma wuraren zama.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://results.beijing2022.cn/beijing-2022/paralympic-games/static/pwg2022/pdf/PWG2022/ALP/PWG2022_ALP_C51A_ALPWSL------12050-----FNL-000100--.pdf|title=Women's Slalom Sitting - Start List|website=results.beijing2022.cn|access-date=11 March 2022|archive-date=11 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220311102959/https://results.beijing2022.cn/beijing-2022/paralympic-games/static/pwg2022/pdf/PWG2022/ALP/PWG2022_ALP_C51A_ALPWSL------12050-----FNL-000100--.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Girmamawa == A cikin watan Nuwamba,shekara ta 2021, Brownlee ta sami lambar yabo ta RAF Gwarzon Matan Wasanni.<ref name="Blesma" /><ref name="Record21" /> An yi mata MBE a cikin New Year Honours ta shekarar 2022.<ref name="Gov" /><ref name="Record22" /> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1979]] jbaabq7f57fmh2fx4eit6q9nwq9jawn 0 39951 829651 797893 2026-05-04T20:19:28Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829651 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Samuel Nsowah-Djan''' ɗan siyasan Ghana ne kuma memba a majalisar dokoki ta bakwai a jamhuriyar Ghana ta huɗu mai wakiltar mazaɓar Denkyira ta yamma a [[Yankin Tsakiya (Ghana)|shiyyar tsakiya]] a kan tikitin sabuwar jam'iyyar Patriotic Party. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Nsowah-Djan, Samuel |url=https://ghanamps.com/mp/nsowah-djan-samuel/ |access-date=2022-12-15 |website=Ghana MPS |language=en-US}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Samuel a ranar 26 ga watan Yunin shekarar 1961. Ya fito daga Denkyira Breman a yankin tsakiyar ƙasar [[Ghana]]. Ya kammala karatunsa na farko a [[Jami'ar Ghana]] Legon da digiri na farko a fannin zamantakewa a shekarar 2005. Ya kuma yi difloma a [[Jami'ar Ilimi, Winneba|jami'ar ilimi ta Winneba]] . A halin yanzu yana karatun MPhil a cikin Nazarin Ci Gaba daga [[Jami'ar Nazarin Ci Gaban|Jami'ar Nazarin Ci Gaba]] . <ref name=":0"/> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ghana MPs - MP Details - Nsowah-Djan, Samuel |url=http://www.ghanamps.com/mps/details.php?id=5422 |access-date=2019-04-27 |website=Ghana MPs}}</ref> == Sana'a == Samuel shi ne shugaban makarantar Denkyira-Breman Anglican Basic School. Ya kuma kasance shugaban kamfanin Nsowah Mining Company Limited a Dunkwa-On-Offin . <ref name=":0"/> == Siyasa == Samuel dan sabuwar jam'iyyar kishin ƙasa ne. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Upper Denkyira West MP cautions against instant justice |url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/ghana-news-upper-denkyira-west-mp-cautions-against-instant-justice.html |access-date=2022-12-15 |website=Graphic Online |language=en-gb}}</ref> A lokacin zaben fidda gwani na majalisar NPP na 2015, ya yi takara tare da doke Benjamin Kofi Ayeh mai ci. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Boateng |first=Kojo Akoto |date=2015-06-29 |title=I’m not surprised by my defeat – Former Deputy Minority Chief Whip |url=https://citifmonline.com/2015/06/im-not-surprised-by-my-defeat-former-deputy-minority-chief-whip/ |access-date=2022-12-15 |website=Citi 97.3 FM - Relevant Radio. Always |language=en-US |archive-date=2022-12-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221215220120/https://citifmonline.com/2015/06/im-not-surprised-by-my-defeat-former-deputy-minority-chief-whip/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == zaben 2016 == A lokacin [[2016 Ghanaian general election|babban zaben Ghana na 2016]], Samuel ya lashe kujerar majalisar wakilai ta mazaɓar Denkyira ta Yamma. Ya samu ƙuri'u 16,881 wanda ya zama kashi 61.3% na jimillar kuri'un da aka kada yayin da dan takarar majalisar dokokin [[National Democratic Congress (Ghana)|kasar NDC]] Ambrose Amoah-Ashyiah ya samu kuri'u 10,655 wanda ya zama kashi 38.7% na yawan kuri'un da aka kada.<ref>{{Cite web |last=FM |first=Peace |title=2016 Election - Upper Denkyira West Constituency Results |url=http://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2016/parliament/central/upper_denkyira_west/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240517162751/https://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2016/parliament/central/upper_denkyira_west/ |archive-date=17 May 2024 |access-date=2022-12-15 |website=Ghana Elections - Peace FM}}</ref> == zaɓen 2020 == Samuel ya sha kaye a mazaɓar Upper Denkyira West a lokacin babban zaɓen [[Ghana]] na shekarar 2020 a hannun ɗan takarar majalisar dokokin NDC [[Daniel Ohene Darko]] . Ya fadi da ƙuri'u 17,925 wanda ya zama kashi 49.3% na jimillar kuri'un da aka kada yayin da Daniel ya samu ƙuri'u 18,446 wanda ya zama kashi 50.7% na yawan kuri'un da aka kada. <ref>{{Cite web |last=FM |first=Peace |title=2020 Election - Upper Denkyira West Constituency Results |url=http://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2020/parliament/central/upper_denkyira_west/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230517101655/https://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2020/parliament/central/upper_denkyira_west/ |archive-date=17 May 2023 |access-date=2022-12-15 |website=Ghana Elections - Peace FM}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Upper Denkyira West – Election Data Center – The Ghana Report |url=https://electiondatacenter.theghanareport.com/election-results/2020-2/central-region/upper-denkyira-west/ |access-date=2022-12-15 |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-10-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002105302/https://electiondatacenter.theghanareport.com/election-results/2020-2/central-region/upper-denkyira-west/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Upper Denkyira West Summary - 2020 Elections |url=https://www.modernghana.com/ghanahome/ghanavotes/2020/result_constituency.asp?constituency_id=1589 |access-date=2022-12-15 |website=ModernGhana}}</ref> == Kwamitin == Samuel ya kasance memba na kwamitin gata. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Parliament Replaces 3 MPs For Kennedy Agyapong ‘Trial’ |url=https://ghanaguardian.com/parliament-replaces-3-mps-for-kennedy-agyapong-trial |access-date=2022-12-15 |website=The Ghana Guardian News |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Dzido |first=Justice |date=2018-07-22 |title=Privileges Committee faces Kennedy Agyapong’s on Monday |url=https://www.thepublisheronline.com/privileges-committee-faces-kennedy-agyapongs-on-monday/ |access-date=2022-12-15 |website=The Publisher Online |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Sama’ila Kirista ne. <ref name=":0"/> == Tallafawa == A yayin [[Annobar cutar Covid-19 a Ghana|barkewar cutar ta COVID-19 a Ghana]], ya gabatar da abubuwa kamar su buckets na Veronica, kwandon ruwa, bindigogin thermometers, masu tsabtace hannu da sauran PPEs ga Babban Daraktan Lafiya na gundumar Denkyira ta Yamma. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-04-15 |title=MP Donates To Upper Denkyira West Health Directorate {{!}} KFMN |url=https://kingdomfmnews.com/mp-donates-to-upper-denkyira-west-health-directorate/ |access-date=2022-12-15 |language=en-US |archive-date=2022-12-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221215222506/https://kingdomfmnews.com/mp-donates-to-upper-denkyira-west-health-directorate/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya gina rijiyoyin burtsatse na kanikanci a Aburi, Gyaman da Kakyerenyansa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Former MP – UPPER DENKYIRA WEST DISTRICT ASSEMBLY |url=http://udwda.gov.gh/?page_id=468 |access-date=2022-12-15 |language=en-US }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1961]] ouyritfq1yghhg4wprteobfggfszjir 0 43684 829785 709737 2026-05-05T02:44:34Z ~2026-27140-08 44582 829785 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:|thumb|Alexia Putellas]] '''Alexia Putellas Segura''' ( Catalan : Alèxia Putellas i Segura, {{Efn|Per the [[Catalan Football Federation]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 October 2022 |title=Alèxia Putellas fa història en guanyar la Pilota d'Or per segon any consecutiu |url=https://www.fcf.cat/noticia/alexia-putellas-fa-historia-en-guanyar-la-pilota-d-or-per-segon-any-consecutiu/17/10/2022 |access-date=2022-11-10 |website=Federació Catalana de Futbol |language=ca}}</ref> the councils of [[City Council of Barcelona|Barcelona]]<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2022 |title=The City Council awards the Gold Medal for Sporting Merit to Alèxia Putellas and Laia Palau |url=https://ajuntament.barcelona.cat/esports/noticies/the-city-council-awards-the-gold-medal-for-sporting-merit-to-alexia-putellas-and-laia-palau_1214123 |access-date=2022-11-10 |website=ajuntament.barcelona.cat}}</ref> and [[Executive Council of Catalonia|Catalonia]],<ref name=gencat>{{cite web |title=Alèxia Putellas i Segura |url=http://presidencia.gencat.cat/ca/ambits_d_actuacio/premis/creus-de-sant-jordi/edicions/2021/putellas-segura-alexia |access-date=2022-11-10 |website=Departament de la Presidència |language=ca-ES |archive-date=2022-11-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221110003016/https://presidencia.gencat.cat/ca/ambits_d_actuacio/premis/creus-de-sant-jordi/edicions/2021/putellas-segura-alexia |url-status=dead }}</ref> and her biography on the website of ''[[Sport (Spanish newspaper)|Sport]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Alexia Putellas |url=https://www.sport.es/es/temas/alexia-putellas-43853 |access-date=2022-11-10 |website=Sport |language=Spanish}}</ref> In some sources her given name is written as Àlexia, a common Catalan spelling.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.principal.cat/ca/fanzone/20220923/515-putellas-es-suma-al-comunicat-contra-la-seleccio-espanyola-de-futbol|title=Putellas es suma al comunicat contra la selecció espanyola de futbol|website=Principal.cat|language=ca|access-date=2023-03-12|archive-date=2023-03-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230310001608/https://www.principal.cat/ca/fanzone/20220923/515-putellas-es-suma-al-comunicat-contra-la-seleccio-espanyola-de-futbol|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ccma.cat/catradio/alacarta/tot-costa/alexia-putellas-sincerament-no-ha-estat-el-nostre-dia-per-sort-tenim-90-minuts-mes/audio/1013045/|title=Àlexia Putellas: "Sincerament no ha estat el nostre dia; per sort, tenim 90 minuts més"|website=CCMA|language=ca}}</ref>}} pronounced [alˈɛksiə puteʎəs] ; An haife ta ne a ranar 4 ga watan Fabrairu a shekarar ta alif 1994) ƙwararriyar 'yar [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ce ta ƙasar [[Sipaniya]] wanda take taka leda a matsayin 'yar wasan tsakiya a kungiyar kwallon kafan Barcelona ta mata, wacce ta jagoranci, da kuma ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar andalus. <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.futfem.com/vernoticia.php?id=1872 |title=Alexia Putellas signs for FC Barcelona. |access-date=2023-03-12 |archive-date=2013-01-23 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130123150245/http://www.futfem.com/vernoticia.php?id=1872 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ta taba taka leda a [[Espanyol]] da Levante, kuma ta wakilci [[Catalonia]] . Bayan da ta lashe duk manyan kyaututtukan kulab da daidaiku da ake samu ga ɗan wasan [[Turai]] nan da shekarar, 2022, ana ɗaukan ta a matsayin mafi kyawun ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na zamani a [[duniya]], kuma ɗayan mafi girma a kowane lokaci. [[File:RCDE_2_-_0_FCB_-_Flickr_-_Xavi_Fotos_(9).jpg|right|thumb| Putellas (hagu) tare da Barcelona a cikin shekarar, 2012]] [[File:Alexia_Putellas_(FCB_-_Athletic_Club_2016).jpg|left|thumb| Putellas tare da Barcelona a cikin shekarar, 2016]] [[File:2019-05-18_Fußball,_Frauen,_UEFA_Women's_Champions_League,_Olympique_Lyonnais_-_FC_Barcelona_StP_1123_LR10_by_Stepro.jpg|right|thumb| Putellas (hagu) tare da Barcelona yayin wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin zakarun mata na UEFA na shekarar, 2019]] [[File:Alèxia_Putellas_mural_163033.jpg|alt=See caption.|left|thumb|Street art in Barcelona depicting Putellas as Superwoman over text reading "follow your dreams"]] == Rayuwa ta sirri == A cikin shekarar 2012, makonni biyu kafin a fara gasar cin kofin ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata ta UEFA ta shekarar 2012, mahaifin Putellas ya rasu. burinta bai wuce taga taci kwallo ta nuna yatsanta zuwa sama ta kalli sama da sadaukarwa ga mahaifinta. Putellas yana da kare dabba, dan Pomeranian mai suna Nala, wanda ke da asusun [[Instagram]] . == Kididdigar sana'a == === Kungiya === {{Updated|match played 29 May 2022}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Appearances and goals by club, season and competition ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |Cup ! colspan="2" |Supercup ! colspan="2" |UWCL ! colspan="2" |Regional{{Efn|<small>Copa Catalunya</small>}} ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- | rowspan="3" |Espanyol |2009–10 | rowspan="2" |Superliga Femenina |1 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– | colspan="2" |– |? |? |1 |0 |- |2010–11 |24 |3 |4 |1 | colspan="2" |– | colspan="2" |– |? |? |28 |4 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !25 !3 !4 !1 ! colspan="2" |– ! colspan="2" |– !? !? !29 !4 |- |Levante |2011–12 |Primera División |34 |15 | colspan="2" |– | colspan="2" |– | colspan="2" |– | colspan="2" |– |34 |15 |- | rowspan="12" |Barcelona |2012–13 | rowspan="11" |Primera División |30 |12 |5 |1 | colspan="2" |– |2 |0 |2 |0 |39 |13 |- |2013–14 |30 |8 |5 |2 | colspan="2" |– |6 |0 |2 |1 |43 |11 |- |2014–15 |26 |6 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |– |4 |1 |2 |1 |34 |8 |- |2015–16 |29 |18 |3 |2 | colspan="2" |– |5 |0 |2 |0 |39 |20 |- |2016–17 |28 |10 |3 |0 | colspan="2" |– |8 |0 |2 |4 |41 |14 |- |2017–18 |29 |9 |4 |2 | colspan="2" |– |4 |1 |2 |0 |39 |12 |- |2018–19 |28 |16 |2 |1 | colspan="2" |– |8 |1 |0 |0 |38 |18 |- |2019–20 |20 |10 |3 |1 |2 |2 |6 |3 |2 |2 |33 |18 |- |2020–21 |31 |18 |3 |5 |1 |1 |7 |2 | colspan="2" |– |42 |26 |- |2021–22 |26 |18 |4 |4 |2 |1 |10 |11 | colspan="2" |– |42 |34 |- |2022–23 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |0 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !277 !125 !34 !18 !5 !4 !60 !19 !14 !8 !390 !174 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !336 !143 !38 !19 !5 !4 !60 !19 !14 !8 !453 !193 |} {{Notelist}} === Ƙasashen Duniya === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Fitowa da burin tawagar ƙasa da shekara ! rowspan="2" | Shekara ! colspan="2" | Spain ! colspan="2" | Kataloniya |- ! Aikace-aikace ! Manufa ! Aikace-aikace ! Manufa |- | 2013 | 8 | 1 |colspan=2{{N/a}} |- | 2014 | 7 | 0 | 1 | 0 |- | 2015 | 12 | 2 | 1 | 0 |- | 2016 | 9 | 3 | 1 | 1 |- | 2017 | 14 | 3 | 0 | 0 |- | 2018 | 9 | 4 |colspan=2{{N/a}} |- | 2019 | 16 | 1 | 0 | 0 |- | 2020 | 6 | 4 |colspan=2{{N/a}} |- | 2021 | 12 | 5 |colspan=2{{N/a}} |- | 2022 | 7 | 4 |colspan=2{{N/a}} |- ! Jimlar ! 100 ! 27 ! 3 ! 1 |} '''Barcelona''' * Babban Rabo : 2012–13, 2013–14, 2014–15, 2019–20, 2020–21, 2021–22 * Gasar cin Kofin Mata ta UEFA : 2020-21, ta zo ta biyu: 2018–19, 2021–22 * Copa de la Reina : 2013, 2014, 2017, 2018, 2020, 2021, 2022 * Supercopa de España : 2019-20, 2021-22 * Copa Catalunya : 2012, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 '''Spain''' * Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Mata 'yan kasa da shekaru 17 : 2010, 2011 * Kofin Algarve : 2017 * Cyprus Cup : 2018 '''Nasarorin kanta''' * Ballon d'Or Féminin : 2021, 2022 * Mafi kyawun 'yan wasan mata na FIFA : 2021, <ref name=":14" /> 2022 * Kyautar Mace ta 'Yan Wasa : 2022 * Gwarzon 'Yan wasan Mata na UEFA : 2020-21, 2021-22 * Gwarzon 'yan wasan zakarun mata na UEFA : 2021–22 <ref name=":14" /> * 'Yan wasan tsakiya na gasar zakarun mata na UEFA na kakar : 2020-21 * Ƙungiyar Gasar Zakarun Turai ta Mata na kakar wasa: 2018–19, 2020–21, 2021–22 * Gwarzon Dan Wasan Mata na IFFHS : 2021, 2022 * Gwarzon Wasan Mata na IFFHS : 2021, 2022 * Ƙungiyar 'Yan Jarida ta Ƙasashen Duniya - Mafi kyawun 'yan wasan mata na shekara : 2022 * Gwarzon Dan Wasan Duniya na Mata na Duniya : 2021 <ref name=":14" /> * Globe Soccer 'yar wasan mata na shekara : 2021 2022 * FIFA FIFPRO Duniya Mata 11 : 2022 * Trofeo Aldo Rovira : 2020-21 * Gwarzon Dan Wasan Mata na Catalan: 2015, 2017, 2021, 2022 * Primera División MVP na Lokacin: 2019-20 * Copa de la Reina MVP na ƙarshe: 2013, 2014, 2021 * Babban wanda ya zira kwallaye Copa de la Reina : 2020-21, 2021-22 * Gwarzon dan wasan tawagar mata ta Spain : 2021 * Ƙungiyar Rarraba Primera na Lokacin: 2015–16, 2018–19 * Gwarzon dan wasan mata na GOAL50 : 2021, 2022 * Mafi kyawun ƴan ƙwallon ƙafa mata 100 a Duniya #1: 2021, 2022 * [[:es:Fútbol Draft|Fútbol Draft]] Mafi kyawun XI: 2010, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015 * MVP na gasar SheBelieves Cup : 2020 * Ƙungiyar Mata ta Duniya ta IFFHS : 2021, 2022 * Creu de Sant Jordi : girmamawa 2021 * Lambar Zinare don Daraja na Wasanni: an girmama 2021 * Kyautar Wasannin Duniya Mollet: 2011 == Manazarta == * {{FIFA player|325636}} * {{UEFA player|250014179}} * [https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/womens-football/players/711843/alexia Alexia Putellas] at FC Barcelona * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110928020633/http://es.levanteud.com/femenino/plantilla/20112012/Alexia.html Alexia Putellas] at Levante UD {{In lang|es}} * [https://www.bdfutbol.com/en/c/jugador.html?id=996 Alexia Putellas] at BDFutbol * Alexia Putellas at ESPN FC * Alexia Putellas at FBref.com * {{Soccerway|alexia-putellas-segura/151259}} * {{Twitter|alexiaputellas}} * Alexia Putellas on Instagram [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1994]] k1jobrznpmion49uiecg8df540vk047 0 45161 829769 787628 2026-05-05T00:58:23Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829769 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Jessika Selma Rosun''' (an Haife ta ranar 26 ga watan Afrilu 1991)'yar wasan javelin thrower ce [[Moris|ta kasar Mauritius]]. Ta lashe lambar tagulla a gasar matasa ta Afirka ta shekarar 2009, <ref name="bio">{{World Athletics|275096}}</ref> ta kare a matsayi na goma a Gasar Cin Kofin [[Afirka]] ta shekarar 2010, <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.dbresults.net/sitof/risultati/at/2010/Nairobi2807201001/at/indexframe.htm |title=Results |access-date=2023-03-24 |archive-date=2011-07-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723085134/http://www.dbresults.net/sitof/risultati/at/2010/Nairobi2807201001/at/indexframe.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> ta biyar a Gasar Wasannin Afirka ta shekarar 2011, ta shida a Gasar Cin Kofin Afirka ta shekarar 2012, ta lashe lambar tagulla a Jeux 2013 de la Francophonie, <ref name="bio" /> ta zo na goma sha biyu a gasar Commonwealth ta shekarar 2014, <ref name="CWG2014">"Athletics at the 2014 Commonwealth Games" . Glasgow 2014 . Retrieved 22 July 2014.{{Cite web}}</ref> ta lashe lambar tagulla a gasar cin kofin Afirka ta shekarar 2014, ta kare na shida a gasar Afirka ta shekarar 2015, na bakwai a gasar cin kofin Afirka ta shekarar 2016, <ref name="bio" /> ta hudu a shekarar 2017 Jeux de la Francophonie, <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://84.33.2.63/jdf2017/pdf/Athl%C3%A9tisme.pdf |title=Full results |access-date=2023-03-24 |archive-date=2019-06-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190608020105/http://84.33.2.63/jdf2017/pdf/Athl%25C3%25A9tisme.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> na bakwai a gasar Commonwealth ta 2018, ta biyar a Gasar Cin Kofin Afirka ta shekarar 2018 kuma ta biyar a Gasar Wasannin Afirka na shekarar 2019. <ref name="bio" /> [[Fayil:Regard de Jessica Selma Rosun au lancé du javelot Championnats d'Afrique d'athlétisme 2024.jpg|thumb|Selma Rosun]] Mafi kyawun jifa na sirri shine mita 53.98, wanda aka samu a watan Mayu 2019 a Savona. <ref name="bio">{{World Athletics|275096}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1991]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] cb5frixczcjsbrr1ibtg5zyhvcpp0k4 0 45788 829775 239545 2026-05-05T01:38:41Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829775 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Seydou Gbané''' (an haife shi a ranar 12 ga watan Afrilun 1992) ƙwararren ɗan wasan taekwondo ne kuma [[Ivory Coast|ɗan ƙasar Ivory Coast]]. Ya fafata a [[Wasannin Afirka|gasar wasannin Afrika]] a cikin shekarar 2015 da kuma a shekarar 2019. Ya lashe lambar tagulla a gasar tseren kilogiram 87 a gasar Afrika ta shekarar 2015 da aka gudanar a Brazzaville na Jamhuriyar Congo. Ya kuma halarci gasar wasannin Afirka na shekarar 2019 da aka gudanar a birnin Rabat na ƙasar Maroko kuma ya lashe lambar zinare a gasar maza -87.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20190826174651/https://wrs-ag2019g.mev.atos.net/eng/zb/engzb_taekwondo-athlete-profile-n1007364-gbane-seydou.htm</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20190826175019/https://www.insidethegames.biz/articles/1083761/keep-and-de-lange-triumph-in-casablanca</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200531213015/https://www.ma-regonline.com/results/1381/RESULTS%20DAY%201%20-%2012TH%20ALL%20AFRICAN%20GAMES%20-%20G4.pdf</ref> Ya kuma lashe lambar zinare a gasar tseren kilogiram 87 a gasar ƙwallon Taekwondo ta Afirka a shekara ta 2018 da aka gudanar a Agadir na ƙasar Morocco. A cikin shekarar 2019, ya fafata a gasar matsakaicin nauyi na maza a gasar ƙwallon Taekwondo ta duniya da aka gudanar a Manchester, United Kingdom.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.worldtaekwondo.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Results-%E2%80%93-Day-5-%E2%80%93-Manchester-2019-WTC.pdf |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2023-03-30 |archive-date=2019-05-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190522042201/http://www.worldtaekwondo.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Results-%E2%80%93-Day-5-%E2%80%93-Manchester-2019-WTC.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya fafata a gasar bazara ta shekarar 2020 da aka gudanar Tokyo, Japan a ajin nauyin kilo 80 na maza.<ref>https://afriksoir.net/cote-divoire-seydou-gbane-et-aminata-traore-qualifies-en-taekwondo-pour-les-jo-2020/</ref><ref>http://www.worldtaekwondo.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/DRAW.pdf</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist|2}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1992]] 2kcq54btli6oxppwud7m3zc67tilatv 0 53919 829620 286872 2026-05-04T15:37:37Z ~2026-27034-46 44567 829620 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Grace Chanda''' (an haife ta a ranar 11 ga watan Yuni shekarar 1997) ƙwararriyar ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta ƙasar Zambiya wacce ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya kuma ta gaba ga Madrid CFF a babban rukunin La Liga F na Spain da kuma ƙungiyar mata ta ƙasar Zambia . Ta kasance daya daga cikin 'yan wasa uku da aka zaba a matsayin [[Gwarzuwar 'Yar Wasan Kwallon Kafa ta Matan Afirka|Gwarzon Kwallon Mata na Afirka a shekarar]] 2022. == Aikin kulob == === ZESCO United, 2018 === Chanda ya ci wa ZESCO kwallaye 86 a wasanni 26 a shekarar 2018. === BIIK Kazygurt, 2022 === Chanda ta sanya hannu tare da BIIK Kazygurt kuma ta ci hat-trick a wasanta na farko na gasar zakarun mata ta UEFA don daukaka kungiyar zuwa 5–1 da Split a ranar 18 ga watan AUgusta , shekara ta 2022. Ita ce 'yar wasan kwallon kafa ta kasar Zambia ta farko da ta fara yin hakan. <ref name="uwcl-hattrick-2022" /> === CFF Madrid, 2022-2026 === A watan Satumba a ranar 3, shekara ta 2022 Chanda ya rattaba hannu tare da Madrid CFF a babban rukunin La Liga F na Spain kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu. Ta fara wasanta na farko a ranar 24 ga watan Satumba yayin da ta yi nasara da ci 3-1 da FC Levante Las Planas. A watan Oktoba, ta zira kwallo a raga kuma ta ba da taimako don taimakawa Madrid ta doke Real Betis Féminas da ci 4-0. A wasan da kungiyar ta buga da Atlético Madrid, ta zura kwallo a ragar kungiyar bayan da aka tashi daga wasan inda aka tashi kunnen doki 1-1. <ref name="zamfoot-102222" /> Ta kammala kakar wasa ta 2022-23 da kwallaye uku da kwallaye biyu. Madrid ta kare a matsayi na biyar. == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == Chanda ta wakilci Zambia a Gasar Cin Kofin Mata na Afirka na shekara ta 2018 da Gasar Mata ta Afirka ta shekarar 2022 . <ref>https://zambianfootball.co.zm/grace-chanda-margaret-belemu-make-wafcon-best-11/</ref> Chanda ita ce ta fi zura kwallo a raga da kwallaye takwas a gasar cin kofin mata ta CAF ta 2020, gasar neman cancantar shiga gasar Olympics na Afirka kuma ta taimaka wa Zambia ta samu gurbin shiga gasar Olympics ta farko. Chanda ta kasance daya daga cikin 'yan wasa uku da aka zaba a matsayin [[Gwarzuwar 'Yar Wasan Kwallon Kafa ta Matan Afirka|gwarzuwar 'yar wasan kwallon kafar mata ta Afirka a shekarar]] 2022. === Manufar kasa da kasa === ''Maki da sakamako ne suka jera yawan kwallayen da Zambia ta ci'' {| class="wikitable" !A'a. ! Kwanan wata ! Wuri ! Abokin hamayya ! Ci ! Sakamako ! Gasa |- |{{Center|1}} | 18 Nuwamba 2018 | Cape Coast Sports Stadium, Cape Coast, [[Ghana]] |{{Fbw|EQG}}</img>{{Fbw|EQG}} |{{Center|'''1'''–0}} |{{Center|5–0}} | 2018 Gasar Cin Kofin Kasashen Afirka |- |{{Center|2}} | rowspan="3" | 28 ga Agusta, 2019 | rowspan="3" | Nkoloma Stadium, [[Lusaka]], [[Zambiya|Zambia]] | rowspan="3" |{{Fbw|ZIM}}</img>{{Fbw|ZIM}} |{{Center|'''2'''–0}} | rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | 5–0 | rowspan="8" | Gasar share fage ta mata ta CAF ta 2020 |- |{{Center|3}} |{{Center|'''3'''–0}} |- |{{Center|4}} |{{Center|'''4'''–0}} |- |{{Center|5}} | rowspan="2" | 8 Oktoba 2019 | rowspan="2" | Filin wasa na Francistown, Francistown, [[Botswana]] | rowspan="2" |{{Fbw|BOT}}</img>{{Fbw|BOT}} |{{Center|'''1'''–0}} | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | 2–0 |- |{{Center|6}} |{{Center|'''2'''–0}} |- |{{Center|7}} | 8 Nuwamba, 2019 | Moi International Sports Center, Kasarani, [[Kenya]] |{{Fbw|KEN}}</img>{{Fbw|KEN}} |{{Center|'''1'''–0}} |{{Center|2–2}} |- |{{Center|8}} | rowspan="2" | 5 Maris 2020 | rowspan="2" | Stade Ahmadou Ahidjo, [[Yaounde|Yaoundé]], [[Kamaru]] | rowspan="2" |{{Fbw|CMR}}</img>{{Fbw|CMR}} |{{Center|'''1'''–0}} | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | 2–3 |- |{{Center|9}} |{{Center|'''2'''–2}} |- |{{Center|10}} | 18 ga Yuni 2022 | Filin wasa na Prince Moulay Abdellah, [[Rabat]], [[Moroko|Morocco]] |{{Fbw|MAR}}</img>{{Fbw|MAR}} | align="center" | '''1-1''' | align="center" | 1-1 | Sada zumunci |- |{{Center|11}} | rowspan="2" | 9 ga Yuli, 2022 | rowspan="2" | Stade Moulay Hassan, [[Rabat]], [[Moroko|Morocco]] | rowspan="2" |{{Fbw|TOG}}</img>{{Fbw|TOG}} | align="center" | '''1-0''' | rowspan="2" align="center" | 4–1 | rowspan="2" | Gasar cin kofin Afrika ta mata na 2022 |- |{{Center|12}} | align="center" | '''4-1''' |- |{{Center|13}} | 15 Fabrairu 2023 | Gidan Wasannin Wasannin Birnin Zinariya, Alanya, [[Turkiyya]] |{{Fbw|MKD}}</img>{{Fbw|MKD}} | align="center" | '''1-0''' | align="center" | 1-0 | Sada zumunci |- |{{Center|14}} | Fabrairu 21, 2023 | Miracle Sports Complex, Alanya, Turkiyya |{{Fbw|UZB}}</img>{{Fbw|UZB}} | align="center" | '''1-0''' | align="center" | 4–0 | Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Turkiyya 2023 |- |{{Center|15}} | 30 ga Yuni 2023 | Tissot Arena, Biel/Bienne, [[Switzerland]] |{{Fbw|SUI}}</img>{{Fbw|SUI}} | align="center" | '''1-1''' | align="center" | 3–3 | Sada zumunci |- |} == Rayuwa ta sirri == Chanda ya lura dan wasan Amurka [[Alex Morgan]] a matsayin gunkin kwallon kafa. == Duba kuma == * Jerin 'yan wasan La Liga F na waje == Manazarta == <references /> == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://olympics.com/en/athletes/grace-chanda Grace Chanda] a kwamitin Olympics na kasa da kasa * Grace Chanda * [https://www.goal.com/en/player/grace-chanda/e4glbrjataxggtxf953n1jsnp Grace Chanda] a GOAL {{Navboxes|title=Zambia squads|bg=#198A00|fg=white|bordercolor=#EF7D00|list1={{Zambia squad 2018 Africa Women Cup of Nations}} {{Zambia women's football squad 2020 Summer Olympics}} {{Zambia squad 2022 Africa Women Cup of Nations}}}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1997]] 637l6e5zm8xnniaqpjatfvkdhine8tr 0 57147 829742 523985 2026-05-04T22:21:10Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829742 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Sokotorivermap.png|thumb|300x300px| Kogin Sokoto yana nuna wurin da dam din yake a [[kogin Rima]]]] '''Dam din Goronyo''' ya datse [[kogin Rima]] da ke Karamar hukumar [[Goronyo]] a [[Sokoto (jiha)|jihar Sokoto]] a arewacin [[Najeriya]]. An kammala shi a cikin shekarar alif ɗari tara da tamanin da hudu 1984 kuma an ba da kwamishin din sa a shekarar alif dari tara da casa'in da biyu 1992. Dam din yana da tsari ne mai cike da yashi mai tsayin mita ashirin da daya 21 da tsayin jimlar 12.5&nbsp;km. Yana da damar ajiya na 976 miliyan cubic mita.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.scsembenelli.com/BROCHURE/GOR.pdf |title=Goronyo Main and Secondary Dam |publisher=Sembenelli Consulting |accessdate=2010-05-21 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716022734/http://www.scsembenelli.com/BROCHURE/GOR.pdf |archivedate=2011-07-16 }}</ref> Dam din zai kasance muhimmi wajen shawo kan ambaliyar ruwa da kuma fitar da ruwa a lokacin rani domin aikin da ake shirin yi na Zauro polder a [[Kebbi|jihar Kebbi]].<ref name=Omoniyi>{{cite web |url = http://www.newswatchngr.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1636&Itemid=47 |title = A Dam of Controversy |author = Tosin Omoniyi |work = Newswatch |date = 20 December 2009 |accessdate = 2010-10-09 |archive-date = 2023-08-17 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230817182520/http://www.newswatchngr.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1636&Itemid=47 |url-status = dead }}</ref> A watan Agustan shekarar dubu buyu da tara 2009, Gwamna [[Aliyu Magatakarda Wamakko]] ya bukaci Gwamnatin Tarayya da ta gaggauta kammala aikin noman rani.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908270104.html |title=Sokoto Demands Completion of Goronyo, Shagari Dams |work=Daily Trust |author=Abdulfatai Abdulsalami |date=27 August 2009 |accessdate=2010-05-21}}</ref> Shugaban marasa rinjaye na majalisar dokokin jihar Sokoto, Alhaji Bello Goronyo, ya ce ana bukatar Naira biliyan 4 don kammala aikin gyaran fuska, amma kusan Naira miliyan 600 ne aka bayar a kasafin kudin shekarar 2009.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908311513.html |title=Lawmaker Tasks Federal Govt on Agriculture |work=Leadership |author=Mahmoud Muhammad |date=30 August 2009 |accessdate=2010-05-21}}</ref> == Ambaliyar Ruwa == A karshen watan Agustan shekarar dubu biyu da goma 2010, guguwar ruwan sama ta sa dam din ya cika zuwa wurare masu hadari. A kokarin rage hadarin gazawar, an bude kofofin a ranar daya 1 ga watan Satumba 2010, wanda ya haifar da babbar ambaliyar ruwa a kauyen [[Kagara, Sokoto|Kagara]]. A ranar 8 ga watan Satumba magudanar ruwa daga madatsar ruwan ta gaza gaba daya, wanda ya haifar da ambaliya mai yawa.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.doctorswithoutborders.org/news/article.cfm?id=4726&cat=voice-from-the-field |title = Floods in Nigeria: 'All their homes, crops, and food destroyed' |publisher = [[Médecins Sans Frontières]] |date = September 13, 2010 |accessdate = 2011-01-11 |url-status = dead |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110927220247/http://www.doctorswithoutborders.org/news/article.cfm?id=4726&cat=voice-from-the-field |archivedate = September 27, 2011 }}</ref> Guguwar da ta haifar da ambaliya na iya kasancewa wani bangare na yanayin sauyin yanayi, tare da hauhawar yanayin zafi da kuma tsananin ruwan sama a lokacin damina.<ref name=Economist20101202>{{cite web |url=http://www.economist.com/node/17628093 |title=Survival in the Sahel |date=Dec 2, 2010 |work=The Economist |accessdate=2011-01-11}}</ref> == Canjin yanayi == Lokacin rani yana farawa kullum daga watan Oktoba kuma yana wucewa har zuwa watan Afrilu kuma yana iya wuce zuwa watan Mayu ko Yuni. Matsakaicin yanayin zafi na shekara-shekara na 28.3˚C (87.9˚F) an taskance shi.<ref>https://www.academia.edu/5298945/ADAPTATION_STRATEGIES_TO_CLIMATE_CHANGE_AMONG_GRAIN_FARMERS_IN_GORONYO_LOCAL_GOVERNMENT_AREA_OF_SOKOTO_STATE_NIGERIA</ref> Duk da haka mafi girman zafin wurin na kowane wata yana kusan 43˚C a watan Afrilu yayin da mafi karancin ma'ana a kowane wata yana faruwa a lokacin harmattan tsakanin watannin Disamba zuwa Fabrairu lokacin da yanayin zafi zai iya zama kasa da 15˚C. Noman noma ya kai kaso mafi girma na (80%) yawan ayyukan yi a yankin. == Manazarta == pl5ub3thg5s6o6jx1e9r743ei31zycq 829743 829742 2026-05-04T22:21:44Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829743 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Sokotorivermap.png|thumb|300x300px| Kogin Sokoto yana nuna wurin da dam din yake a [[kogin Rima]]]] '''Dam din Goronyo''' ya datse [[kogin Rima]] da ke Karamar hukumar [[Goronyo]] a [[Sokoto (jiha)|jihar Sokoto]] a arewacin [[Najeriya]]. An kammala shi a cikin shekarar alif ɗari tara da tamanin da huɗu 1984 kuma an ba da kwamishin din sa a shekarar alif dari tara da casa'in da biyu 1992. Dam din yana da tsari ne mai cike da yashi mai tsayin mita ashirin da daya 21 da tsayin jimlar 12.5&nbsp;km. Yana da damar ajiya na 976 miliyan cubic mita.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.scsembenelli.com/BROCHURE/GOR.pdf |title=Goronyo Main and Secondary Dam |publisher=Sembenelli Consulting |accessdate=2010-05-21 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716022734/http://www.scsembenelli.com/BROCHURE/GOR.pdf |archivedate=2011-07-16 }}</ref> Dam din zai kasance muhimmi wajen shawo kan ambaliyar ruwa da kuma fitar da ruwa a lokacin rani domin aikin da ake shirin yi na Zauro polder a [[Kebbi|jihar Kebbi]].<ref name=Omoniyi>{{cite web |url = http://www.newswatchngr.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1636&Itemid=47 |title = A Dam of Controversy |author = Tosin Omoniyi |work = Newswatch |date = 20 December 2009 |accessdate = 2010-10-09 |archive-date = 2023-08-17 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230817182520/http://www.newswatchngr.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1636&Itemid=47 |url-status = dead }}</ref> A watan Agustan shekarar dubu buyu da tara 2009, Gwamna [[Aliyu Magatakarda Wamakko]] ya bukaci Gwamnatin Tarayya da ta gaggauta kammala aikin noman rani.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908270104.html |title=Sokoto Demands Completion of Goronyo, Shagari Dams |work=Daily Trust |author=Abdulfatai Abdulsalami |date=27 August 2009 |accessdate=2010-05-21}}</ref> Shugaban marasa rinjaye na majalisar dokokin jihar Sokoto, Alhaji Bello Goronyo, ya ce ana bukatar Naira biliyan 4 don kammala aikin gyaran fuska, amma kusan Naira miliyan 600 ne aka bayar a kasafin kudin shekarar 2009.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908311513.html |title=Lawmaker Tasks Federal Govt on Agriculture |work=Leadership |author=Mahmoud Muhammad |date=30 August 2009 |accessdate=2010-05-21}}</ref> == Ambaliyar Ruwa == A karshen watan Agustan shekarar dubu biyu da goma 2010, guguwar ruwan sama ta sa dam din ya cika zuwa wurare masu hadari. A kokarin rage hadarin gazawar, an bude kofofin a ranar daya 1 ga watan Satumba 2010, wanda ya haifar da babbar ambaliyar ruwa a kauyen [[Kagara, Sokoto|Kagara]]. A ranar 8 ga watan Satumba magudanar ruwa daga madatsar ruwan ta gaza gaba daya, wanda ya haifar da ambaliya mai yawa.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.doctorswithoutborders.org/news/article.cfm?id=4726&cat=voice-from-the-field |title = Floods in Nigeria: 'All their homes, crops, and food destroyed' |publisher = [[Médecins Sans Frontières]] |date = September 13, 2010 |accessdate = 2011-01-11 |url-status = dead |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110927220247/http://www.doctorswithoutborders.org/news/article.cfm?id=4726&cat=voice-from-the-field |archivedate = September 27, 2011 }}</ref> Guguwar da ta haifar da ambaliya na iya kasancewa wani bangare na yanayin sauyin yanayi, tare da hauhawar yanayin zafi da kuma tsananin ruwan sama a lokacin damina.<ref name=Economist20101202>{{cite web |url=http://www.economist.com/node/17628093 |title=Survival in the Sahel |date=Dec 2, 2010 |work=The Economist |accessdate=2011-01-11}}</ref> == Canjin yanayi == Lokacin rani yana farawa kullum daga watan Oktoba kuma yana wucewa har zuwa watan Afrilu kuma yana iya wuce zuwa watan Mayu ko Yuni. Matsakaicin yanayin zafi na shekara-shekara na 28.3˚C (87.9˚F) an taskance shi.<ref>https://www.academia.edu/5298945/ADAPTATION_STRATEGIES_TO_CLIMATE_CHANGE_AMONG_GRAIN_FARMERS_IN_GORONYO_LOCAL_GOVERNMENT_AREA_OF_SOKOTO_STATE_NIGERIA</ref> Duk da haka mafi girman zafin wurin na kowane wata yana kusan 43˚C a watan Afrilu yayin da mafi karancin ma'ana a kowane wata yana faruwa a lokacin harmattan tsakanin watannin Disamba zuwa Fabrairu lokacin da yanayin zafi zai iya zama kasa da 15˚C. Noman noma ya kai kaso mafi girma na (80%) yawan ayyukan yi a yankin. == Manazarta == l08atj41tmlc3tiival1xv2o9jvyn56 829744 829743 2026-05-04T22:22:26Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829744 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Sokotorivermap.png|thumb|300x300px| Kogin Sokoto yana nuna wurin da dam din yake a [[kogin Rima]]]] '''Dam din Goronyo''' ya datse [[kogin Rima]] da ke Karamar hukumar [[Goronyo]] a [[Sokoto (jiha)|jihar Sokoto]] a arewacin [[Najeriya]]. An kammala shi a cikin shekarar alif ɗari tara da tamanin da huɗu 1984 kuma an ba da kwamishin din sa a shekarar alif ɗari tara da casa'in da biyu 1992. Dam din yana da tsari ne mai cike da yashi mai tsayin mita ashirin da daya 21 da tsayin jimlar 12.5&nbsp;km. Yana da damar ajiya na 976 miliyan cubic mita.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.scsembenelli.com/BROCHURE/GOR.pdf |title=Goronyo Main and Secondary Dam |publisher=Sembenelli Consulting |accessdate=2010-05-21 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716022734/http://www.scsembenelli.com/BROCHURE/GOR.pdf |archivedate=2011-07-16 }}</ref> Dam din zai kasance muhimmi wajen shawo kan ambaliyar ruwa da kuma fitar da ruwa a lokacin rani domin aikin da ake shirin yi na Zauro polder a [[Kebbi|jihar Kebbi]].<ref name=Omoniyi>{{cite web |url = http://www.newswatchngr.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1636&Itemid=47 |title = A Dam of Controversy |author = Tosin Omoniyi |work = Newswatch |date = 20 December 2009 |accessdate = 2010-10-09 |archive-date = 2023-08-17 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230817182520/http://www.newswatchngr.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1636&Itemid=47 |url-status = dead }}</ref> A watan Agustan shekarar dubu buyu da tara 2009, Gwamna [[Aliyu Magatakarda Wamakko]] ya bukaci Gwamnatin Tarayya da ta gaggauta kammala aikin noman rani.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908270104.html |title=Sokoto Demands Completion of Goronyo, Shagari Dams |work=Daily Trust |author=Abdulfatai Abdulsalami |date=27 August 2009 |accessdate=2010-05-21}}</ref> Shugaban marasa rinjaye na majalisar dokokin jihar Sokoto, Alhaji Bello Goronyo, ya ce ana bukatar Naira biliyan 4 don kammala aikin gyaran fuska, amma kusan Naira miliyan 600 ne aka bayar a kasafin kudin shekarar 2009.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908311513.html |title=Lawmaker Tasks Federal Govt on Agriculture |work=Leadership |author=Mahmoud Muhammad |date=30 August 2009 |accessdate=2010-05-21}}</ref> == Ambaliyar Ruwa == A karshen watan Agustan shekarar dubu biyu da goma 2010, guguwar ruwan sama ta sa dam din ya cika zuwa wurare masu hadari. A kokarin rage hadarin gazawar, an bude kofofin a ranar daya 1 ga watan Satumba 2010, wanda ya haifar da babbar ambaliyar ruwa a kauyen [[Kagara, Sokoto|Kagara]]. A ranar 8 ga watan Satumba magudanar ruwa daga madatsar ruwan ta gaza gaba daya, wanda ya haifar da ambaliya mai yawa.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.doctorswithoutborders.org/news/article.cfm?id=4726&cat=voice-from-the-field |title = Floods in Nigeria: 'All their homes, crops, and food destroyed' |publisher = [[Médecins Sans Frontières]] |date = September 13, 2010 |accessdate = 2011-01-11 |url-status = dead |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110927220247/http://www.doctorswithoutborders.org/news/article.cfm?id=4726&cat=voice-from-the-field |archivedate = September 27, 2011 }}</ref> Guguwar da ta haifar da ambaliya na iya kasancewa wani bangare na yanayin sauyin yanayi, tare da hauhawar yanayin zafi da kuma tsananin ruwan sama a lokacin damina.<ref name=Economist20101202>{{cite web |url=http://www.economist.com/node/17628093 |title=Survival in the Sahel |date=Dec 2, 2010 |work=The Economist |accessdate=2011-01-11}}</ref> == Canjin yanayi == Lokacin rani yana farawa kullum daga watan Oktoba kuma yana wucewa har zuwa watan Afrilu kuma yana iya wuce zuwa watan Mayu ko Yuni. Matsakaicin yanayin zafi na shekara-shekara na 28.3˚C (87.9˚F) an taskance shi.<ref>https://www.academia.edu/5298945/ADAPTATION_STRATEGIES_TO_CLIMATE_CHANGE_AMONG_GRAIN_FARMERS_IN_GORONYO_LOCAL_GOVERNMENT_AREA_OF_SOKOTO_STATE_NIGERIA</ref> Duk da haka mafi girman zafin wurin na kowane wata yana kusan 43˚C a watan Afrilu yayin da mafi karancin ma'ana a kowane wata yana faruwa a lokacin harmattan tsakanin watannin Disamba zuwa Fabrairu lokacin da yanayin zafi zai iya zama kasa da 15˚C. Noman noma ya kai kaso mafi girma na (80%) yawan ayyukan yi a yankin. == Manazarta == 5s9hik4h9zc2e5mojc6qsk0dhps7mzb 829746 829744 2026-05-04T22:23:15Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829746 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Sokotorivermap.png|thumb|300x300px| Kogin Sokoto yana nuna wurin da dam din yake a [[kogin Rima]]]] '''Dam din Goronyo''' ya datse [[kogin Rima]] da ke Karamar hukumar [[Goronyo]] a [[Sokoto (jiha)|jihar Sokoto]] a arewacin [[Najeriya]]. An kammala shi a cikin shekarar alif ɗari tara da tamanin da huɗu 1984 kuma an ba da kwamishin din sa a shekarar alif ɗari tara da casa'in da biyu 1992. Dam ɗin yana da tsari ne mai cike da yashi mai tsayin mita ashirin da daya 21 da tsayin jimlar 12.5&nbsp;km. Yana da damar ajiya na 976 miliyan cubic mita.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.scsembenelli.com/BROCHURE/GOR.pdf |title=Goronyo Main and Secondary Dam |publisher=Sembenelli Consulting |accessdate=2010-05-21 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716022734/http://www.scsembenelli.com/BROCHURE/GOR.pdf |archivedate=2011-07-16 }}</ref> Dam din zai kasance muhimmi wajen shawo kan ambaliyar ruwa da kuma fitar da ruwa a lokacin rani domin aikin da ake shirin yi na Zauro polder a [[Kebbi|jihar Kebbi]].<ref name=Omoniyi>{{cite web |url = http://www.newswatchngr.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1636&Itemid=47 |title = A Dam of Controversy |author = Tosin Omoniyi |work = Newswatch |date = 20 December 2009 |accessdate = 2010-10-09 |archive-date = 2023-08-17 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230817182520/http://www.newswatchngr.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1636&Itemid=47 |url-status = dead }}</ref> A watan Agustan shekarar dubu buyu da tara 2009, Gwamna [[Aliyu Magatakarda Wamakko]] ya bukaci Gwamnatin Tarayya da ta gaggauta kammala aikin noman rani.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908270104.html |title=Sokoto Demands Completion of Goronyo, Shagari Dams |work=Daily Trust |author=Abdulfatai Abdulsalami |date=27 August 2009 |accessdate=2010-05-21}}</ref> Shugaban marasa rinjaye na majalisar dokokin jihar Sokoto, Alhaji Bello Goronyo, ya ce ana bukatar Naira biliyan 4 don kammala aikin gyaran fuska, amma kusan Naira miliyan 600 ne aka bayar a kasafin kudin shekarar 2009.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908311513.html |title=Lawmaker Tasks Federal Govt on Agriculture |work=Leadership |author=Mahmoud Muhammad |date=30 August 2009 |accessdate=2010-05-21}}</ref> == Ambaliyar Ruwa == A karshen watan Agustan shekarar dubu biyu da goma 2010, guguwar ruwan sama ta sa dam din ya cika zuwa wurare masu hadari. A kokarin rage hadarin gazawar, an bude kofofin a ranar daya 1 ga watan Satumba 2010, wanda ya haifar da babbar ambaliyar ruwa a kauyen [[Kagara, Sokoto|Kagara]]. A ranar 8 ga watan Satumba magudanar ruwa daga madatsar ruwan ta gaza gaba daya, wanda ya haifar da ambaliya mai yawa.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.doctorswithoutborders.org/news/article.cfm?id=4726&cat=voice-from-the-field |title = Floods in Nigeria: 'All their homes, crops, and food destroyed' |publisher = [[Médecins Sans Frontières]] |date = September 13, 2010 |accessdate = 2011-01-11 |url-status = dead |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110927220247/http://www.doctorswithoutborders.org/news/article.cfm?id=4726&cat=voice-from-the-field |archivedate = September 27, 2011 }}</ref> Guguwar da ta haifar da ambaliya na iya kasancewa wani bangare na yanayin sauyin yanayi, tare da hauhawar yanayin zafi da kuma tsananin ruwan sama a lokacin damina.<ref name=Economist20101202>{{cite web |url=http://www.economist.com/node/17628093 |title=Survival in the Sahel |date=Dec 2, 2010 |work=The Economist |accessdate=2011-01-11}}</ref> == Canjin yanayi == Lokacin rani yana farawa kullum daga watan Oktoba kuma yana wucewa har zuwa watan Afrilu kuma yana iya wuce zuwa watan Mayu ko Yuni. Matsakaicin yanayin zafi na shekara-shekara na 28.3˚C (87.9˚F) an taskance shi.<ref>https://www.academia.edu/5298945/ADAPTATION_STRATEGIES_TO_CLIMATE_CHANGE_AMONG_GRAIN_FARMERS_IN_GORONYO_LOCAL_GOVERNMENT_AREA_OF_SOKOTO_STATE_NIGERIA</ref> Duk da haka mafi girman zafin wurin na kowane wata yana kusan 43˚C a watan Afrilu yayin da mafi karancin ma'ana a kowane wata yana faruwa a lokacin harmattan tsakanin watannin Disamba zuwa Fabrairu lokacin da yanayin zafi zai iya zama kasa da 15˚C. Noman noma ya kai kaso mafi girma na (80%) yawan ayyukan yi a yankin. == Manazarta == dlzyh6yh7wvlzrd93tkscw3mbiovcu8 829747 829746 2026-05-04T22:24:32Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829747 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Sokotorivermap.png|thumb|300x300px| Kogin Sokoto yana nuna wurin da dam din yake a [[kogin Rima]]]] '''Dam din Goronyo''' ya datse [[kogin Rima]] da ke Karamar hukumar [[Goronyo]] a [[Sokoto (jiha)|jihar Sokoto]] a arewacin [[Najeriya]]. An kammala shi a cikin shekarar alif ɗari tara da tamanin da huɗu 1984 kuma an ba da kwamishin din sa a shekarar alif ɗari tara da casa'in da biyu 1992. Dam ɗin yana da tsari ne mai cike da yashi mai tsayin mita ashirin da daya 21 da tsayin jimlar 12.5&nbsp;km. Yana da damar ajiya na 976 miliyan cubic mita.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.scsembenelli.com/BROCHURE/GOR.pdf |title=Goronyo Main and Secondary Dam |publisher=Sembenelli Consulting |accessdate=2010-05-21 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716022734/http://www.scsembenelli.com/BROCHURE/GOR.pdf |archivedate=2011-07-16 }}</ref> Dam din zai kasance muhimmi wajen shawo kan ambaliyar ruwa da kuma fitar da ruwa a lokacin rani domin aikin da ake shirin yi na Zauro polder a [[Kebbi|jihar Kebbi]].<ref name=Omoniyi>{{cite web |url = http://www.newswatchngr.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1636&Itemid=47 |title = A Dam of Controversy |author = Tosin Omoniyi |work = Newswatch |date = 20 December 2009 |accessdate = 2010-10-09 |archive-date = 2023-08-17 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230817182520/http://www.newswatchngr.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1636&Itemid=47 |url-status = dead }}</ref> A watan Agustan shekarar dubu buyu da tara 2009, Gwamna [[Aliyu Magatakarda Wamakko]] ya bukaci Gwamnatin Tarayya da ta gaggauta kammala aikin noman rani.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908270104.html |title=Sokoto Demands Completion of Goronyo, Shagari Dams |work=Daily Trust |author=Abdulfatai Abdulsalami |date=27 August 2009 |accessdate=2010-05-21}}</ref> Shugaban marasa rinjaye na majalisar dokokin jihar Sokoto, Alhaji Bello Goronyo, ya ce ana bukatar Naira biliyan 4 don kammala aikin gyaran fuska, amma kusan Naira miliyan 600 ne aka bayar a kasafin kudin shekarar 2009.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908311513.html |title=Lawmaker Tasks Federal Govt on Agriculture |work=Leadership |author=Mahmoud Muhammad |date=30 August 2009 |accessdate=2010-05-21}}</ref> == Ambaliyar Ruwa == A ƙarshen watan Agustan shekarar dubu biyu da goma 2010, guguwar ruwan sama ta sa dam din ya cika zuwa wurare masu hadari. A kokarin rage hadarin gazawar, an bude kofofin a ranar daya 1 ga watan Satumba 2010, wanda ya haifar da babbar ambaliyar ruwa a kauyen [[Kagara, Sokoto|Kagara]]. A ranar 8 ga watan Satumba magudanar ruwa daga madatsar ruwan ta gaza gaba daya, wanda ya haifar da ambaliya mai yawa.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.doctorswithoutborders.org/news/article.cfm?id=4726&cat=voice-from-the-field |title = Floods in Nigeria: 'All their homes, crops, and food destroyed' |publisher = [[Médecins Sans Frontières]] |date = September 13, 2010 |accessdate = 2011-01-11 |url-status = dead |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110927220247/http://www.doctorswithoutborders.org/news/article.cfm?id=4726&cat=voice-from-the-field |archivedate = September 27, 2011 }}</ref> Guguwar da ta haifar da ambaliya na iya kasancewa wani bangare na yanayin sauyin yanayi, tare da hauhawar yanayin zafi da kuma tsananin ruwan sama a lokacin damina.<ref name=Economist20101202>{{cite web |url=http://www.economist.com/node/17628093 |title=Survival in the Sahel |date=Dec 2, 2010 |work=The Economist |accessdate=2011-01-11}}</ref> == Canjin yanayi == Lokacin rani yana farawa kullum daga watan Oktoba kuma yana wucewa har zuwa watan Afrilu kuma yana iya wuce zuwa watan Mayu ko Yuni. Matsakaicin yanayin zafi na shekara-shekara na 28.3˚C (87.9˚F) an taskance shi.<ref>https://www.academia.edu/5298945/ADAPTATION_STRATEGIES_TO_CLIMATE_CHANGE_AMONG_GRAIN_FARMERS_IN_GORONYO_LOCAL_GOVERNMENT_AREA_OF_SOKOTO_STATE_NIGERIA</ref> Duk da haka mafi girman zafin wurin na kowane wata yana kusan 43˚C a watan Afrilu yayin da mafi karancin ma'ana a kowane wata yana faruwa a lokacin harmattan tsakanin watannin Disamba zuwa Fabrairu lokacin da yanayin zafi zai iya zama kasa da 15˚C. Noman noma ya kai kaso mafi girma na (80%) yawan ayyukan yi a yankin. == Manazarta == 9ltnphbj8dxswv93clsa1e2eofpwtw3 829748 829747 2026-05-04T22:25:11Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829748 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Sokotorivermap.png|thumb|300x300px| Kogin Sokoto yana nuna wurin da dam din yake a [[kogin Rima]]]] '''Dam din Goronyo''' ya datse [[kogin Rima]] da ke Karamar hukumar [[Goronyo]] a [[Sokoto (jiha)|jihar Sokoto]] a arewacin [[Najeriya]]. An kammala shi a cikin shekarar alif ɗari tara da tamanin da huɗu 1984 kuma an ba da kwamishin din sa a shekarar alif ɗari tara da casa'in da biyu 1992. Dam ɗin yana da tsari ne mai cike da yashi mai tsayin mita ashirin da daya 21 da tsayin jimlar 12.5&nbsp;km. Yana da damar ajiya na 976 miliyan cubic mita.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.scsembenelli.com/BROCHURE/GOR.pdf |title=Goronyo Main and Secondary Dam |publisher=Sembenelli Consulting |accessdate=2010-05-21 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716022734/http://www.scsembenelli.com/BROCHURE/GOR.pdf |archivedate=2011-07-16 }}</ref> Dam ɗin zai kasance muhimmi wajen shawo kan ambaliyar ruwa da kuma fitar da ruwa a lokacin rani domin aikin da ake shirin yi na Zauro polder a [[Kebbi|jihar Kebbi]].<ref name=Omoniyi>{{cite web |url = http://www.newswatchngr.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1636&Itemid=47 |title = A Dam of Controversy |author = Tosin Omoniyi |work = Newswatch |date = 20 December 2009 |accessdate = 2010-10-09 |archive-date = 2023-08-17 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230817182520/http://www.newswatchngr.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1636&Itemid=47 |url-status = dead }}</ref> A watan Agustan shekarar dubu buyu da tara 2009, Gwamna [[Aliyu Magatakarda Wamakko]] ya bukaci Gwamnatin Tarayya da ta gaggauta kammala aikin noman rani.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908270104.html |title=Sokoto Demands Completion of Goronyo, Shagari Dams |work=Daily Trust |author=Abdulfatai Abdulsalami |date=27 August 2009 |accessdate=2010-05-21}}</ref> Shugaban marasa rinjaye na majalisar dokokin jihar Sokoto, Alhaji Bello Goronyo, ya ce ana bukatar Naira biliyan 4 don kammala aikin gyaran fuska, amma kusan Naira miliyan 600 ne aka bayar a kasafin kudin shekarar 2009.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908311513.html |title=Lawmaker Tasks Federal Govt on Agriculture |work=Leadership |author=Mahmoud Muhammad |date=30 August 2009 |accessdate=2010-05-21}}</ref> == Ambaliyar Ruwa == A ƙarshen watan Agustan shekarar dubu biyu da goma 2010, guguwar ruwan sama ta sa dam din ya cika zuwa wurare masu hadari. A kokarin rage hadarin gazawar, an bude kofofin a ranar daya 1 ga watan Satumba 2010, wanda ya haifar da babbar ambaliyar ruwa a kauyen [[Kagara, Sokoto|Kagara]]. A ranar 8 ga watan Satumba magudanar ruwa daga madatsar ruwan ta gaza gaba daya, wanda ya haifar da ambaliya mai yawa.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.doctorswithoutborders.org/news/article.cfm?id=4726&cat=voice-from-the-field |title = Floods in Nigeria: 'All their homes, crops, and food destroyed' |publisher = [[Médecins Sans Frontières]] |date = September 13, 2010 |accessdate = 2011-01-11 |url-status = dead |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110927220247/http://www.doctorswithoutborders.org/news/article.cfm?id=4726&cat=voice-from-the-field |archivedate = September 27, 2011 }}</ref> Guguwar da ta haifar da ambaliya na iya kasancewa wani bangare na yanayin sauyin yanayi, tare da hauhawar yanayin zafi da kuma tsananin ruwan sama a lokacin damina.<ref name=Economist20101202>{{cite web |url=http://www.economist.com/node/17628093 |title=Survival in the Sahel |date=Dec 2, 2010 |work=The Economist |accessdate=2011-01-11}}</ref> == Canjin yanayi == Lokacin rani yana farawa kullum daga watan Oktoba kuma yana wucewa har zuwa watan Afrilu kuma yana iya wuce zuwa watan Mayu ko Yuni. Matsakaicin yanayin zafi na shekara-shekara na 28.3˚C (87.9˚F) an taskance shi.<ref>https://www.academia.edu/5298945/ADAPTATION_STRATEGIES_TO_CLIMATE_CHANGE_AMONG_GRAIN_FARMERS_IN_GORONYO_LOCAL_GOVERNMENT_AREA_OF_SOKOTO_STATE_NIGERIA</ref> Duk da haka mafi girman zafin wurin na kowane wata yana kusan 43˚C a watan Afrilu yayin da mafi karancin ma'ana a kowane wata yana faruwa a lokacin harmattan tsakanin watannin Disamba zuwa Fabrairu lokacin da yanayin zafi zai iya zama kasa da 15˚C. Noman noma ya kai kaso mafi girma na (80%) yawan ayyukan yi a yankin. == Manazarta == ifun2j8wzlo3q9hn7znad8v2j7wtsrb 829749 829748 2026-05-04T22:26:18Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 829749 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Sokotorivermap.png|thumb|300x300px| Kogin Sokoto yana nuna wurin da dam din yake a [[kogin Rima]]]] '''Dam din Goronyo''' ya datse [[kogin Rima]] da ke Karamar hukumar [[Goronyo]] a [[Sokoto (jiha)|jihar Sokoto]] a arewacin [[Najeriya]]. An kammala shi a cikin shekarar alif ɗari tara da tamanin da huɗu 1984 kuma an ba da kwamishin din sa a shekarar alif ɗari tara da casa'in da biyu 1992. Dam ɗin yana da tsari ne mai cike da yashi mai tsayin mita ashirin da daya 21 da tsayin jimlar 12.5&nbsp;km. Yana da damar ajiya na 976 miliyan cubic mita.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.scsembenelli.com/BROCHURE/GOR.pdf |title=Goronyo Main and Secondary Dam |publisher=Sembenelli Consulting |accessdate=2010-05-21 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716022734/http://www.scsembenelli.com/BROCHURE/GOR.pdf |archivedate=2011-07-16 }}</ref> Dam ɗin zai kasance muhimmi wajen shawo kan ambaliyar ruwa da kuma fitar da ruwa a lokacin rani domin aikin da ake shirin yi na Zauro polder a [[Kebbi|jihar Kebbi]].<ref name=Omoniyi>{{cite web |url = http://www.newswatchngr.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1636&Itemid=47 |title = A Dam of Controversy |author = Tosin Omoniyi |work = Newswatch |date = 20 December 2009 |accessdate = 2010-10-09 |archive-date = 2023-08-17 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230817182520/http://www.newswatchngr.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1636&Itemid=47 |url-status = dead }}</ref> A watan Agustan shekarar dubu biyu da tara 2009, Gwamna [[Aliyu Magatakarda Wamakko]] ya bukaci Gwamnatin Tarayya da ta gaggauta kammala aikin noman rani.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908270104.html |title=Sokoto Demands Completion of Goronyo, Shagari Dams |work=Daily Trust |author=Abdulfatai Abdulsalami |date=27 August 2009 |accessdate=2010-05-21}}</ref> Shugaban marasa rinjaye na majalisar dokokin jihar Sokoto, Alhaji Bello Goronyo, ya ce ana bukatar Naira biliyan 4 don kammala aikin gyaran fuska, amma kusan Naira miliyan 600 ne aka bayar a kasafin kudin shekarar 2009.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908311513.html |title=Lawmaker Tasks Federal Govt on Agriculture |work=Leadership |author=Mahmoud Muhammad |date=30 August 2009 |accessdate=2010-05-21}}</ref> == Ambaliyar Ruwa == A ƙarshen watan Agustan shekarar dubu biyu da goma 2010, guguwar ruwan sama ta sa dam din ya cika zuwa wurare masu hadari. A kokarin rage hadarin gazawar, an bude kofofin a ranar daya 1 ga watan Satumba 2010, wanda ya haifar da babbar ambaliyar ruwa a kauyen [[Kagara, Sokoto|Kagara]]. A ranar 8 ga watan Satumba magudanar ruwa daga madatsar ruwan ta gaza gaba daya, wanda ya haifar da ambaliya mai yawa.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.doctorswithoutborders.org/news/article.cfm?id=4726&cat=voice-from-the-field |title = Floods in Nigeria: 'All their homes, crops, and food destroyed' |publisher = [[Médecins Sans Frontières]] |date = September 13, 2010 |accessdate = 2011-01-11 |url-status = dead |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110927220247/http://www.doctorswithoutborders.org/news/article.cfm?id=4726&cat=voice-from-the-field |archivedate = September 27, 2011 }}</ref> Guguwar da ta haifar da ambaliya na iya kasancewa wani bangare na yanayin sauyin yanayi, tare da hauhawar yanayin zafi da kuma tsananin ruwan sama a lokacin damina.<ref name=Economist20101202>{{cite web |url=http://www.economist.com/node/17628093 |title=Survival in the Sahel |date=Dec 2, 2010 |work=The Economist |accessdate=2011-01-11}}</ref> == Canjin yanayi == Lokacin rani yana farawa kullum daga watan Oktoba kuma yana wucewa har zuwa watan Afrilu kuma yana iya wuce zuwa watan Mayu ko Yuni. Matsakaicin yanayin zafi na shekara-shekara na 28.3˚C (87.9˚F) an taskance shi.<ref>https://www.academia.edu/5298945/ADAPTATION_STRATEGIES_TO_CLIMATE_CHANGE_AMONG_GRAIN_FARMERS_IN_GORONYO_LOCAL_GOVERNMENT_AREA_OF_SOKOTO_STATE_NIGERIA</ref> Duk da haka mafi girman zafin wurin na kowane wata yana kusan 43˚C a watan Afrilu yayin da mafi karancin ma'ana a kowane wata yana faruwa a lokacin harmattan tsakanin watannin Disamba zuwa Fabrairu lokacin da yanayin zafi zai iya zama kasa da 15˚C. Noman noma ya kai kaso mafi girma na (80%) yawan ayyukan yi a yankin. == Manazarta == hjzcqvk3qo1698apt9yefrky62r9wok 0 62964 829684 642183 2026-05-04T21:17:20Z Saad Nuhu 43323 829684 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} {{Infobox kungiyar kwallon kafa | suna = Doma United FC | cikakken_suna = Doma United Football Club | lakabi = Savannah Tigers | kafa = 1994 | gari = Doma, Jihar Gombe, Najeriya | filin_wasa = Pantami Stadium (wani lokaci) | iya_ɗaukar_mutane = kimanin 12,000 | shugaban_kulob = Mai Doma | mai_horarwa = Sasa | gasar = Nigerian Professional Football League (NPFL) }} '''Doma United Football Club''' kungiya ce ta kwallon kafa daga garin Doma a cikin Jihar Gombe, Najeriya. An kafa kungiyar ne domin bunkasa harkar kwallon kafa a yankin da kuma bai wa matasa damar nuna kwarewarsu a matakin kasa.<ref>Nigerian Football Federation records</ref> Kungiyar ta shahara ne bayan da ta samu nasarar hawa zuwa gasar '''Nigerian Professional Football League (NPFL)''' a shekarar 2022, wanda shi ne mataki mafi girma na gasar kwallon kafa a Najeriya.<ref>NPFL official reports 2022</ref> == Tarihi == An kafa Doma United a shekarar 1994, kuma ta fara ne daga kananan lig-lig na cikin gida kafin ta fara samun daukaka a hankali. Kungiyar ta shafe shekaru tana fafutukar hawa manyan matakai har sai da ta samu nasarar shiga gasar kwararru.<ref>Club historical archives</ref> A kakar 2021/2022, kungiyar ta nuna bajinta inda ta zama daya daga cikin kungiyoyin da suka fi karfi a gasar '''Nigeria National League (NNL)''', wanda hakan ya ba ta damar hawa zuwa NPFL.<ref>NNL promotion records</ref> == Filin wasa == Doma United tana amfani da filaye daban-daban wajen buga wasanninta, ciki har da '''Pantami Stadium''' da ke Gombe a wasu lokuta, saboda dalilai na gyaran filayen gida ko ka'idojin gasar.<ref>Match venue reports</ref> == Magoya baya == Kungiyar tana da magoya baya da dama musamman a Jihar Gombe da makwabtanta. Magoya bayan suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen karfafa gwiwar 'yan wasa a lokacin wasanni.<ref>Fan base analysis in Nigerian football</ref> == Nasarori == * Hawan zuwa NPFL: 2022<ref>NPFL promotion records 2022</ref> == Duba kuma == * Nigerian Professional Football League * Nigeria National League == Manazarta == <references/>we need 6ch7jct68fgqnqzykvq17eorceq8jpd 829685 829684 2026-05-04T21:19:10Z Saad Nuhu 43323 829685 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox kungiyar kwallon kafa | suna = Doma United FC | cikakken_suna = Doma United Football Club | lakabi = Savannah Tigers | kafa = 1994 | gari = Doma, Jihar Gombe, Najeriya | filin_wasa = Pantami Stadium (wani lokaci) | iya_ɗaukar_mutane = kimanin 12,000 | shugaban_kulob = Mai Doma | mai_horarwa = Sasa | gasar = Nigerian Professional Football League (NPFL) }} '''Doma United Football Club''' kungiya ce ta kwallon kafa daga garin Doma a cikin Jihar [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]], Najeriya. An kafa kungiyar ne domin bunkasa harkar kwallon kafa a yankin da kuma bai wa matasa damar nuna kwarewarsu a matakin kasa.<ref>Nigerian Football Federation records</ref> Kungiyar ta shahara ne bayan da ta samu nasarar hawa zuwa gasar '''Nigerian Professional Football League (NPFL)''' a shekarar 2022, wanda shi ne mataki mafi girma na gasar kwallon kafa a Najeriya.<ref>NPFL official reports 2022</ref> == Tarihi == An kafa Doma United a shekarar 1994, kuma ta fara ne daga kananan lig-lig na cikin gida kafin ta fara samun daukaka a hankali. Kungiyar ta shafe shekaru tana fafutukar hawa manyan matakai har sai da ta samu nasarar shiga gasar kwararru.<ref>Club historical archives</ref> A kakar 2021/2022, kungiyar ta nuna bajinta inda ta zama daya daga cikin kungiyoyin da suka fi karfi a gasar '''Nigeria National League (NNL)''', wanda hakan ya ba ta damar hawa zuwa NPFL.<ref>NNL promotion records</ref> == Filin wasa == Doma United tana amfani da filaye daban-daban wajen buga wasanninta, ciki har da '''Pantami Stadium''' da ke Gombe a wasu lokuta, saboda dalilai na gyaran filayen gida ko ka'idojin gasar.<ref>Match venue reports</ref> == Magoya baya == Kungiyar tana da magoya baya da dama musamman a Jihar Gombe da makwabtanta. Magoya bayan suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen karfafa gwiwar 'yan wasa a lokacin wasanni.<ref>Fan base analysis in Nigerian football</ref> == Nasarori == * Hawan zuwa NPFL: 2022<ref>NPFL promotion records 2022</ref> == Duba kuma == * Nigerian Professional Football League * Nigeria National League == Manazarta == <references/>we need ol1467mvvxi6qlbthwrxy61gs5u956e 0 63812 830056 601636 2026-05-05T09:44:41Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 830056 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Divya Khosla Kumar snapped at Eid Party 2018 (23) (cropped).jpg|thumb|Sonakshi Sinha]] '''Sonakshi Sinha''' (an haife ta ranar 2 ga watan Yunin shekara ta 1987) yar wasan fim ce ta ƙasar Indiya ce da ke aiki a masana'antar fina-finan [[Harshen Hindu|Hindi]]. <ref>{{cite web |author1=Joginder Tuteja |title=Sonakshi Sinha Turns Singer-Rapper |url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/hindi/Sonakshi-Sinha-Turns-Singer-Rapper/2015/12/31/article3203720.ece |website=[[The New Indian Express]] |access-date=3 January 2016 |date=31 December 2015 |archive-date=12 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160312002553/http://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/hindi/Sonakshi-Sinha-Turns-Singer-Rapper/2015/12/31/article3203720.ece |url-status=dead }}</ref> Diyar 'yan wasan kwaikwayo kuma 'yan siyasa Shatrughan Sinha da Poonam Sinha, ta fito a cikin jerin masu suna Forbes [[Indiya|India]] ' Celebrity 100 daga cikin shekara ta 2012 har zuwa cikin shekara ta 2017 da kuma cikin shekara ta 2019. Sinha ta samu lambobin yabo da dama da suka hada da lambar yabo ta Filmfare da lambar yabo ta Zee Cine guda biyu. Bayan ta yi aiki a matsayin mai zanen kaya a cikin fina-finai masu zaman kansu, ta fara wasan kwaikwayo na farko tare da fim din Dabangg acikin shekara ta 2010, wanda ya lashe kyautar Filmfare Award for Best Female Debut . <ref>{{cite news |title=Salman Khan hosts an impromptu birthday bash for Sonakshi Sinha |url=http://www.mid-day.com/articles/salman-hosts-an-impromptu-birthday-bash-for-sonakshi-sinha/16260195 |access-date=12 October 2017 |author=Gaurav Dubey |work=[[Mid-Day]] |archive-date=4 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304053719/http://www.mid-day.com/articles/salman-hosts-an-impromptu-birthday-bash-for-sonakshi-sinha/16260195 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Sinha ta yi fice ta hanyar buga babbar mace a cikin fina-finai da yawa da maza suka mamaye, ciki har da Rowdy Rathore acikin shekara ta (2012), Son of Sardaar acikin shekara ta (2012), Dabangg 2 (2012), da Holiday: Soja Ba Ya Kashe Ba acikin shekara ta (2014), baya ga bayyana a cikin nau'ikan lambobi iri-iri. Sinha ta sami yabo mai mahimmanci don wasa wata mace mai wahala da ke fama da tarin fuka a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na zamani Lootera acikin shekara ta(2013), wanda ta sami lambar yabo ta Filmfare Award for Best Actress.<ref name="The Times of India 2014">{{cite news |title=Sonakshi Sinha: Year since 'Lootera', appreciation hasn't stopped |work=The Times of India |date=5 July 2014 |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/Sonakshi-Sinha-Year-since-Lootera-appreciation-hasnt-stopped/articleshow/37838144.cms |agency=Indo-Asian News Service |access-date=28 November 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714174734/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/Sonakshi-Sinha-Year-since-Lootera-appreciation-hasnt-stopped/articleshow/37838144.cms |archive-date=14 July 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/shatrughan-sinha-breaks-down-after-watching-daughter-sonakshi-in-lootera/1139060/ |title=Shatrughan Sinha breaks down after watching daughter Sonakshi in Lootera |work=The Indian Express |access-date=12 October 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/features/no-one-doubted-capacity-actor-past-well-sonakshi-sinha-akira-appreciation/ |title="No one doubted my capacity as an actor in the past as well" – Sonakshi Sinha on Akira appreciation : Bollywood News – Bollywood Hungama |first=Bollywood |last=Hungama |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |date=5 September 2016}}</ref> Wannan nasarar ta biyo bayan jerin fina-finan da ba su yi nasara a kasuwanci ba, ban da Mission Mangal acikin shekara ta(2019).<ref>{{cite web |title=Sonakshi Sinha |url=https://boxofficeindia.com/actor.php?actorid=65 |access-date=8 March 2018 |publisher=[[Box Office India]]}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2023, ta yi tauraro a cikin jerin abubuwan ban mamaki Dahaad . Baya ga wasan kwaikwayo, Sinha ta shiga yin waka, inda ta fara da waka a cikin fim dinta Tevar wanda tayishi acikin shekara ta(2015). Wakar ta na farko, " Aaj Mood Ishqholic Hai " an sake shi a cikin sheka ta 2015. == Rayuwar farko da sirri == [[Fayil:Sonakshi Sinha at the trailer launch of her film 'Mission Mangal'.jpg|thumb|Sonakshi Sinha]] An haifi Sinha a ranar 2 ga Yuni 1987 a Patna, [[Bihar]], don yin fim ɗin Shatrughan Sinha da Poonam Sinha (née Chandiramani). Mahaifinta na dangin Bihari Kayasta ne yayin da mahaifiyarta ta fito daga dangin Hindu na Sindhi .<ref>{{cite news |author=Pradhan S. Bharati |title=It's work first for Sonakshi |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/1120610/jsp/7days/story_15591857.jsp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120616205435/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1120610/jsp/7days/story_15591857.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-date=16 June 2012 |work=[[The Telegraph (Kolkata)]] |date=12 June 2012 |access-date=30 October 2019}}</ref> Mahaifinta ya yi aiki a matsayin memba na Majalisar Bharatiya Janata Party,<ref name="DOB">{{cite news |url=http://zeenews.india.com/entertainment/celebrity/shotgun-junior-sonakshi-sinha-turns-26_135886.html |title='Shotgun Junior' Sonakshi Sinha turns 26! |work=Zee News |access-date=12 October 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://m.ndtv.com/photos/entertainment/sonakshi-sinha-s-birthday-with-fans-8785/slide/2 |title=Sonakshi Sinhas birthday with fans |publisher=NDTV |access-date=3 October 2014 |archive-date=16 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170816105414/http://m.ndtv.com/photos/entertainment/sonakshi-sinha-s-birthday-with-fans-8785/slide/2 |url-status=dead }}</ref> kafin ya kom Dokokin Indiya acikin shekara ta 2019. Sinha ita ce auta a cikin yara uku – tana da 'yan'uwa biyu (tagwaye), Luv Sinha da Kush Sinha. Ta yi karatunta a Arya Vidya Mandir sannan ta kammala karatunta a fannin zane-zane daga Premlila Vithaldas Polytechnic na Shreemati Nathibai Damodar Thackersey Jami'ar Mata .<ref>{{cite web |title=Just How educated are our Bollywood heroines? |url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/slide-show/slide-show-1-just-how-educated-are-bollywood-heroines/20120118.htm#11 |work=[[Rediff.com]] |access-date=12 October 2017 |date=18 January 2012}}</ref> == Sana'a == Sinha ta fara aikinta ne a matsayin mai zanen kaya, inda ta kera kayayyaki na fina-finai irin su Mera Dil Leke Dekho a shekarar 2005. <ref>{{cite web |title=Who is Sonakshi Sinha? |url=http://www.ndtv.com/article/people/who-is-sonakshi-sinha-229078 |publisher=NDTV |access-date=12 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004234807/http://www.ndtv.com/article/people/who-is-sonakshi-sinha-229078 |archive-date=4 October 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Ta fara fitowa a fim din Dabangg a shekarar 2010, inda ta fito tare da Salman Khan . Ya ci gaba da zama fim ɗin da ya fi samun kuɗi a 2010 kuma a ƙarshe ya fito a matsayin babban fim ɗin blockbuster. Sinha ta rasa 30 kg a shirye-shiryen matsayin yarinya ƙauye. Ayyukanta sun sami karɓuwa sosai, tare da fitaccen mai sukar Taran Adarsh ya lura cewa "Sonakshi Sinha ya dubi sabo, yana aiki da tabbaci kuma yana da kyau sosai tare da Salman. Mafi mahimmanci, ta gabatar da maganganun da suka dace kuma ba a rinjaye ta da galaxy na taurari a cikin simintin gyare-gyare. " Ko da yake Sinha ba ta da fitowar fim a 2011, ta sami lambobin yabo don fitowarta ta farko. Wannan ya hada da kyautar Filmfare da kuma IIFA Awards da dai sauransu. [[Fayil:Sonakshi Sinha in Bollywood Showstoppers 2014 at The O2.jpg|thumb|Sonakshi Sinha]] [[Fayil:Sonakshi Sinha at Karan Johar's 40th birthday bash at Taj Lands End (22) cropped.jpg|thumb|Sonakshi Sinha]] A cikin shekara ta dubu biyu da goma sha biyu 2012 Sinha ta yi fina-finai hudu, na farko shi ne na Prabhu Deva na Rowdy Rathore, tare da Akshay Kumar . Fim ɗin ya buɗe don sake dubawa masu gauraya daga masu suka, kodayake yana da buɗewa mai ƙarfi a ofishin akwatin, yana tattara kusan. ₹ 150.6 miliyan a ranar farko kuma a ƙarshe ya zama blockbuster. Duk da haka, mai sukar Rajeev Masand ya soki rawar da ta taka a ado sannan ya rubuta cewa Sinha "da alama tana wanzuwa a cikin wannan fim kawai sai Akshay Kumar ya yi ta kutsawa cikin tsakiyarta." Fim ɗinta na gaba, Shirish Kunder 's Joker, wanda kuma yake gaba da Akshay Kumar, ya zama bala'in kasuwanci a ofishin akwatin kuma ya sami ra'ayi mara Fim din farko na Sinha na shekarar 2013 shine Vikramaditya Motwane 's period romantic drama Lootera, inda ta sanya ta gaba da Ranveer Singh . Duk da samun amsa mai daɗi a ofishin akwatin, fim ɗin ya sami kyakkyawan bita, tare da hoton Sinha na Pakhi, 'yar Bengali da ke mutuwa da tarin fuka, tana samun yabo daga masu suka. Sarita Tanwar ta lura cewa "tauraruwar fim din babu shakka Sinha [wadda ke ba da] balagagge da kuma tsaftataccen aiki. Ta rayu da halin jiki da ruhi." Raja Sen ya yarda, yana cewa "Sinha tana wasa Pakhi da kyau, ta haifar da wani hali wanda ba shi da ido sosai kuma yana da al'ada, duk da haka ba a sani ba, alheri. Yana da wasan kwaikwayo wanda ke farawa da laushi mai laushi kuma ya juya baya, kuma ta yi kyau. -etched dialogue adalci kamar yadda 'yan wasan kwaikwayo za su iya. Akwai lahani ga Pakhi a duk tsawon fim din, kuma Sinha ta fito da wannan raunin daidai ba tare da tabarbare shi ba." Ta gaba ta fito a cikin fim ɗin soyayya na laifi na [[Milano|Milan]] Luthria Sau ɗaya a Lokaci a [[Mumbai]] Dobaara! inda aka sake hade ta da Akshay Kumar, da kuma Imran Khan . Fim ɗin ya kasance abin kunya na kasuwanci kuma mai sukar Mohar Basu ya lakafta mata "akwatin hira mai cike da wauta wanda darakta ya zana a matsayin butulci." Daga nan sai Sinha ta fito a cikin Tigmanshu Dhulia 's Bullett Raja tare da Saif Ali Khan, wani akwatin akwatin. Fitowarta na ƙarshe a shekarar shine Prabhu Deva's R... Rajkumar tare da Shahid Kapoor . Nasarar kasuwanci mai matsakaicin matsakaici, fim ɗin da aikinta sun sami ra'ayoyi mara kyau. Taran Adarsh ya lakafta mata "maimaitawa" kuma ya lura cewa tana buƙatar "sake sabunta kanta. A cikin 2014, bayan ta ba da muryarta don muryar Jewel a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na Hindi mai suna Rio 2, An ga Sinha a cikin AR Murugadoss 's action thriller Holiday: A Soldier Is Never Off Duty, sake yin fim ɗin Tamil na darektan Thuppakki . . Wanda ya fito tare da Akshay Kumar, Sinha ta fito a matsayin dan dambe. Ya sami ra'ayoyi masu gauraya-zuwa-kyau daga masu suka kuma ya fito a matsayin bugun ofis. Jyoti Sharma Bawa ta ce game da wasan kwaikwayo na Sinha: "Sonakshi ba ta da wani abu mai yawa a cikin fim din kuma tana wuce gona da iri. Ga jarumar da ta riga ta tabbatar da kwazonta a sashin wasan kwaikwayo, wannan tabbas ya ragu." Sinha ta fito a cikin wani bidiyo na kiɗa tare da Yo Yo Honey Singh mai suna Superstar . A watan YuliSinha tare ya sayi tawagar a cikin World Kabaddi League . Fitar ta na biyu na 2014 shine Prabhu Deva's Action Jackson, tare da Ajay Devgn da Yami Gautam . Ta fara wasanta na fina-finan Tamil a gaban Rajinikanth a cikin KS Ravikumar 's Linga, wanda shine fitowarta ta ƙarshe a shekarar 2014. == 2015-yanzu: Canjin aiki == == Manazarta == [[Category:Haifaffun 1987]] bpolo8herv2czmsekqrb4ogh1nb6txs 0 64413 829955 412104 2026-05-05T09:05:35Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829955 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} An haifi '''Smile Afua Gavua Dzisi''' a ranar 18 ga watan Yuni 1971, 'ya ce ga Rev. Eusebius Kofi Gavua da Mrs Rebecca Dzandu Gavua daga Wusuta a [[yankin Volta]] na Ghana.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/news/2015/July-23rd/koforidua-poly-appoints-ghanas-first-female-rector-prof-smile-dzisi.php|title=Koforidua Poly appoints Ghana's first female Rector: Prof. Smile Dzisi - MyJoyOnline.com|website=www.myjoyonline.com|access-date=2020-01-11}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name="Unnamed-20240416100125">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Prof-Smile-Dzisi-first-ever-female-rector-in-Ghana-373938|title=Prof. Smile Dzisi, first-ever female rector in Ghana|website=www.ghanaweb.com|language=en|access-date=2019-10-08}}</ref> Ita ce mace ta farko da aka naɗa a matsayin Rekta a tarihin Koforidua Polytechnic yanzu Koforidua Technical University.<ref name="Unnamed_2-20240416100125">{{Cite web|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/news/2015/July-23rd/koforidua-poly-appoints-ghanas-first-female-rector-prof-smile-dzisi.php|title=Koforidua Poly appoints Ghana's first female Rector: Prof. Smile Dzisi - MyJoyOnline.com|website=www.myjoyonline.com|access-date=2019-10-08}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Ita ce mataimakiyar shugabar rikon kwarya ta Jami'ar Fasaha ta Koforidua.<ref name="Unnamed_3-20240416100125">{{Cite web|url=https://citinewsroom.com/2018/09/2m-electrochemical-lab-commissioned-at-koforidua-technical-university/|title=$2m electrochemical lab commissioned at Koforidua Technical University|date=2018-09-12|website=Citinewsroom - Comprehensive News in Ghana, Current Affairs, Business News , Headlines, Ghana Sports, Entertainment, Politics|language=en-US|access-date=2019-10-08}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Farfesa Smile Dzisi ranar 18 ga watan Yuni 1971 a Wusuta, a [[yankin Volta]] na Ghana.<ref name="Unnamed_2-20240416100125"/><ref name="Unnamed-20240416100125"/> Ta yi karatun farko a Saviefe Agorkpo, wani ƙauye kusa da Ho a [[yankin Volta]]. Bayan kammala karatunta na farko, ta samu admission a Makarantar Mawuli, ta kuma sami shaidar karatunta na GCE 'O' Level da GCE 'A' Level.<ref name="Unnamed-20240416100125"/> Daga baya Smile ta ci gaba da karatunta a Jami’ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Kwame Nkrumah inda ta samu digiri na farko a fannin Kimiyyar Zamani a Jami’ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Kwame Nkrumah. Ta kuma sami digiri na biyu a fannin Gudanar da Jama'a daga Jami'ar Ghana, Legon.<ref name="Unnamed_2-20240416100125"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.smiledzisi.com/profile-of-professor-mrs-smile-afua-gavua-dzisi-vice-chancellor-koforidua-technical-university-ghana/|title=PROFILE OF PROFESSOR (MRS.) SMILE AFUA GAVUA DZISI Vice- Chancellor Koforidua Technical University, Ghana – Prof. (Mrs.) Smile Gavua Dzisi|language=en-GB|access-date=2019-10-08|archive-date=2019-10-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191008163407/https://www.smiledzisi.com/profile-of-professor-mrs-smile-afua-gavua-dzisi-vice-chancellor-koforidua-technical-university-ghana/|url-status=dead}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2005 ta yi karatu kuma tana da PhD, a cikin entrepreneurship and Innovation a Jami'ar Fasaha ta Swinburne a [[Asturaliya|Ostiraliya]].<ref name="Unnamed-20240416100125"/> == Sana'a == Dzisi ta fara aikinta a matsayin Malama a makarantar sakandare ta St. Roses da ke [[Akwatia]].<ref name="Unnamed-20240416100125"/> A shekara ta 1999, an naɗa ta Malama a Koforidua Polytechnic yanzu Koforidua Technical University.<ref name="Unnamed-20240416100125"/><ref name="Unnamed_4-20240416100125">{{Cite web|url=https://www.wtu-n.net/delegates/professor-smile-dzisi/|title=Professor Smile Dzisi – World Technology Universities Network|website=www.wtu-n.net|access-date=2019-10-08}}</ref> A ranar 1 ga watan Agusta 2015, ta zama mace ta farko a tarihin Jami'ar Fasaha ta Koforidua da ta zama rector.<ref name="Unnamed_4-20240416100125"/><ref name="Unnamed_2-20240416100125"/><ref name="Unnamed-20240416100125"/> Daga baya ta zama mataimakiyar shugabar makarantar kuma a yanzu ta zama mataimakiyar shugabar riko ta jami'ar fasaha ta Koforidua.<ref name="Unnamed_4-20240416100125"/><ref name="Unnamed_3-20240416100125"/> Ta kuma rike wasu muƙamai a makarantar da suka haɗa da Shugaban Kasuwanci, Coordinator Campus, Daraktan Bincike da Sabbin Shirye-shirye, da Mukaddashiyar Mataimakiyar Magatakarda (Academic), Shugabar Sashen Saye da Samar da kayayyaki.<ref name="Unnamed-20240416100125"/> Ita memba ce ta Ƙungiyar Ƙasa ta Duniya don Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru da Austaraliya da kuma New Zealand.<ref name="Unnamed_2-20240416100125"/><ref name="Unnamed-20240416100125"/> A halin yanzu Dzisi ita ce mataimakiyar shugaban kungiyar Commonwealth na Jami'o'in Fasaha da Polytechnic, waɗanda suka haɗa da Kamaru, Najeriya, Ghana, Gambia da Saliyo.<ref name=gr>{{Cite web|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/ghana-news-nab-congratulates-omane-antwi-smile-dzisi.html|title=NAB congratulates Omane-Antwi, Smile Dzisi|date=2018-12-19|website=Graphic Online|language=en-gb|access-date=2019-12-11}}</ref> == Girmamawa == Wasu daga cikin karramawar da aka samu sun haɗa da Suna a Kimiyya da lambar yabo ta Ilimi ta Kungiyar Ilimi da Kungiyar Rectors na Turai, United Kingdom, lambar yabo ta 4th Ghana Women of Excellence Award, Daasebre Silver Jubilee Award for Excellence in Higher Education Management<ref name="Unnamed_4-20240416100125"/> An naɗa ta a matsayin mataimakiyar shugabar kungiyar Commonwealth of Technical Universities and Polytechnics a taronta na 52 da ta gudanar kwanan nan a Kenya.<ref name=gr/> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Farfesa Dzisi ta auri Dr. Stephen Yao Dzisi wani likita mai yara uku.<ref name="Unnamed_2-20240416100125"/> == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] pvscdevk97oqfjg5ylgkbyjx94t0j3b 0 64510 829776 644349 2026-05-05T01:41:23Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829776 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Seyi_Oyesola.jpg|thumb| Seyi Oyesola.]] Seyi Oyesola likita ne dan Najeriya, wanda ya kirkiro "asibiti a cikin akwati".<ref>http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/kent/6085328.stm</ref> Cikas da asibitocin da a kodayaushe ke da karancin kayan aiki kuma masu saurin kamuwa da cutar, Dokta Oyesola ya kirkiro asibiti a cikin akwati,<ref>http://www.ted.com/talks/dr_seyi_oyesola_tours_a_hospital_in_nigeria.html</ref> karamin asibiti mai dauke da makamashin hasken rana ko kuma kashe wutar lantarki da wayar hannu gaba daya.  == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haife shi Babaseyi Oyesola amma wanda aka fi sani da Dr. Seyi Oyesola. An haifi wannan likita a Najeriya amma ya girma a Cleveland, da kuma Amurka. Ya kammala karatunsa na sakandare a shekarar 1975 ya zo Najeriya inda ya samu digirin digirgir a [[Jami'ar Lagos|Jami’ar Legas]] a shekarar 1986.<ref>https://www.pharmanewsonline.com/dr-seyi-oyesola-saving-lives-with-the-magic-box/{{Dead link|date=June 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Dr. Seyi ya yi aiki a Najeriya na dan lokaci kadan kafin ya tafi Ingila da Amurka don samun horo na musamman a fannin likitanci da jinya.<ref>https://www.euracare.com.ng/profile/sonia-a-adda-4-2-3-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-3-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-3-3-2/{{Dead link|date=December 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Sana'a == Dr. Seyi Oyesola ya sake dawowa Najeriya, asalin gidansa a 2015, don yin atisaye. Amma ga shi, yanayin asibitocin al'umma da cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya ya ba shi takaici yayin da mutane suka mutu daga cututtuka masu sauƙi da za a iya magance su kamar rauni, kuna da ciwon zuciya. A nan ne aka fara kirkiro da inganta fannin kiwon lafiya a kasar. Ya so ya ceci rai kuma ya mayar wa al'ummomin da suka ba shi, gadonsa. Dokta Seyi ya yi aiki a Jami'ar Legas inda ya tashi ya jagoranci tawagar likitocin matasa a fannin aikin jinya.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://icuspecialists.com/staff/seyi-oyesola/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2023-12-12 |archive-date=2025-04-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250411181958/http://icuspecialists.com/staff/seyi-oyesola/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> An nada Dr Oyesola mai bada shawara a asibitin ruwa na Medway dake kasar Birtaniya. A cikin 1998, ya shiga Jami'ar California, Los Angeles a matsayin Mataimakin Farfesa mai ziyara. <ref name=":1" /> A cikin 1999, ya zama mai ba da shawara a cikin maganin sa barci da kulawa mai mahimmanci a cikin Ma'aikatar Kiwon Lafiya ta Burtaniya (NHS). Ya kuma koyar a cibiyar kwaikwaiyo ta likitanci na [https://www.imperial.ac.uk/study/pg/medicine/?gclid=Cj0KCQjwwr32BRD4ARIsAAJNf_2i3T8oFtMGPhofel2CsrkhOG-ota1ohlmmWnmp5kmz8lrSMyxsfKMaAtmtEALw_wcB&gclsrc=aw.ds Makarantar Magunguna ta Imperial College] a 2001. A halin yanzu, Dokta Seyi Oyesola shi ne Babban Daraktan Lafiya na [https://thenationonlineng.net/untold-story-of-delsus-first-kidney-transplant/ Asibitin Koyarwa na Jami’ar Jihar Delta] (DELSUTH) a Najeriya. Wannan likitan abin mamaki ya kafa tarihi lokacin da ƙungiyar likitocinsa ta yi nasarar dashen koda na farko a wurin a cikin 2014. Ya yi aiki sama da shekaru 25 akan bukatu na musamman a fannin aikin jinya da kula da lafiya, da kawo sabbin abubuwa, samar da manyan kayan aikin likitanci da horar da asibitocin Afirka da kuma ziyartar asibitocin karkara. Ɗaya daga cikin fitattun gudummawar da ya bayar ga ayyukan likitanci shine haɗin gwiwa na " [https://ghscientific.com/day-28-dr-seyi-oyesola/ asibiti a cikin akwati] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421144920/https://www.ghscientific.com/day-28-dr-seyi-oyesola/ |date=2021-04-21 }} " mai suna CompactOR (Compact Operating Room) a 2007. Wannan saitin motsi yana da ikon kawo kulawar tiyata a kowane yanki na Afirka. Wannan saitin sihirin mai ɗaukar hoto ne kuma ana iya isar da shi zuwa yankunan karkara da sauran wurare tare da jeep ko helikwafta. Wani fasali mai ban mamaki na "asibitin a cikin akwati" shine cewa za'a iya saita shi a cikin mintuna goma kawai tare da cikakken dakin aiki tare da duk kayan aikin tiyata masu dacewa ciki har da na'urorin da suka dace, saka idanu na EKG, maganin sa barci da hasken wuta. An yi ta ne da hasken rana kuma tana iya yin tiyatar baki kamar cire haƙoran hikima, kawar da idanuwa, gallbladders da appendices. Rahotanni sun nuna cewa an yi nasarar amfani da "asibiti a cikin akwati". Kiyasin farashin babban asibiti a cikin akwati bai kai £50,000 (kimanin dalar Amurka 77,350) wanda kusan kashi ɗaya cikin biyar na farashin da aka samar don irin wannan sabis ɗin. == Nasarorin da aka samu == * Haɗin gwiwa da wallafe-wallafen labarai na 8 akan magani * Haɗin kai na CompactOR (Ƙaramin Aikin Dakin), "asibiti a cikin akwati"<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://icuspecialists.com/staff/seyi-oyesola/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2023-12-12 |archive-date=2025-04-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250411181958/http://icuspecialists.com/staff/seyi-oyesola/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Ƙaddamar da Ayyukan Ayyuka a cikin 1996. Kamfanin da ya haɓaka tare da ba da kayan aikin likita na zamani da horo ga asibitocin Afirka * Nasarar TED Global magana a 2007 akan asibiti a cikin akwati == Membobin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙwararru == * Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙasar Birtaniya da Ireland * Royal Society of medicine, Intensive Care Society UK * Royal College of Surgeons (Anaesthesia) Ireland. == Nassarori== Haɗin gwiwa da wallafe-wallafen labarai na 8 akan magani Haɗin kai na CompactOR (Ƙaramin Aikin Dakin), "asibiti a cikin akwati" Ƙaddamar da Ayyukan Ayyuka a cikin 1996. Kamfanin da ya haɓaka tare da ba da kayan aikin likita na zamani da horo ga asibitocin Afirka Nasarar TED Global magana a 2007 akan asibiti a cikin akwati ==Manazarta== go4k1h9hnkq3i3dstiu502a9i5u5bpg 0 65310 829650 710059 2026-05-04T20:18:39Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829650 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Samuel Obodai''' masanin sunadarai, mai ilmin a fannin kemistri ne kuma ɗan siyasar [[Ghana]]. Ya kasance ɗan majalisa mai wakiltar mazaɓar Agona ta yamma a majalisa ta 5 a jamhuriya ta 4 ta Ghana.<ref name=":2"/><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=2020-03-02|title=Petitioner wants former MP Kweku Obodai disqualified|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Petitioner-wants-former-MP-Kweku-Obodai-disqualified-883396|access-date=2020-07-06|website=www.ghanaweb.com|language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Obodai a ranar 29 ga watan Afrilu 1960. Garin sa shine Agona Nyakrom a [[Yankin Tsakiya (Ghana)|yankin tsakiyar]] ƙasar Ghana. Ya kammala karatunsa na digiri na farko a fannin kimiyyar sinadarai da difloma a fannin ilimi daga Jami'ar Cape Coast a shekarar 1987. A cikin shekarar 2008, ya sami digiri na biyu na Arts a cikin Gudanar da Mulki da Jagoranci kuma daga Jami'ar Cape Coast.<ref name=":2"/><ref name=":1"/> == Sana'a == Obodai masanin kimiyya ne ta sana'a. Ya yi aiki tare da Major & Co Manufacturing Company Limited.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Ghana MPs - MP Details - Asare Kofi (Dr.)|url=http://www.ghanamps.com/mps/details.php?id=266|access-date=2020-07-06|website=www.ghanamps.com|archive-date=2022-08-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220831200433/https://ghanamps.com/mps/details.php/?id=266|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=":1"/> == Siyasa == Ya wakilci mazaɓar Agona ta yamma a matsayin ɗan majalisa a majalisa ta biyar a jamhuriya ta huɗu ta Ghana.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web|title=Results Parliamentary Elections|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/election2008/election.results.parliamentary.php|access-date=2020-07-06|website=www.ghanaweb.com|archive-date=2020-10-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201024033152/https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/election2008/election.results.parliamentary.php|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=":1" /> A shekara ta 2000, an zaɓi Mista Obodai wanda ya tsaya takarar babban zaɓen Ghana da Samuel Oppong na National Democratic Congress, Kojo Anan na National Reform Party, Mathew Caurie na jam'iyyar Convention People's Party, Abu Hamid Wanzam na People's National Convention da Joseph Archibald Ankrah wanda kuma ya tsaya takarar a People's National Convention. Samuel ya samu nasara ne da kuri'u 21,233 wanda yayi daidai da kashi 57.50 na kuri'un. Ɗan takarar majalisar dokokin NDC ya samu kuri'u 13,784 wanda ke wakiltar kashi 36.90%. Anan ya samu kuri'u 988 wanda shine kashi 2.60%. Mathew Caurie ya zo na 4 da kuri'u 679 wanda yayi daidai da kashi 1.80%. 'Yan takarar majalisar dokokin PNC guda biyu Wanzam da Ankrah sun samu kuri'u 430 wanda ya kai kashi 1.20% da kuri'u 0.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Parliament: Central Region|url=https://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2000/parliament/central/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161031004050/http://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2000/parliament/central/|archive-date=2016-10-31|access-date=2020-09-06|website=Peace FM Online|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ko da yake Obodai na fatan komawa majalisar, an kai karar kwamitin tantancewar jam’iyyar NPP da ta soke shi. Mai shigar da kara Samuel Krankye ya bayyana a wata wasika da ya aike wa kwamitin cewa Obodai bai bayar da gudumawa ba a kowane shiri na jam’iyyar.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=2020-03-02|title=Petitioner wants Former MP Kweku Obodai disqualified|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Petitioner-wants-former-MP-Kweku-Obodai-disqualified-8|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-09-06|website=GhanaWeb}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Obodai yana da aure da ‘ya’ya huɗu. Shi Kirista ne kuma yana bauta a Cocin Fentikos.<ref name=":2" /> == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1960]] h03os5f5szro0c7nbexwfi88ooz8qp7 0 66230 829632 546193 2026-05-04T18:03:53Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829632 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Church of St Nicholas the Wonderworker in Ohrid 4.JPG|thumb|cocin Saint Nicholas]] [[Fayil:Church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker. The Bell. Церковь Николая Чудотворца. Колокол.jpg|thumb|Kararawan Saint Nicholas]] [[Fayil:Gorodishchenskoye Lake and the Church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker on the Truvorov settlement.jpg|thumb|Saint Nicholas]] '''Saint Nicholas'''<ref>https://archive.org/details/irishmedievalfig0000hunt</ref> na Myra (An haifeshi a ranar 15 Maris 270 - 6 Disamba 343),<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=f__hjbhMw1IC&q=Nicholas+of+Myra+Council+of+Nicaea&pg=PA250</ref> wanda kuma aka sani da Nicholas na Bari, wani bishop na Kirista na farko ne na zuriyar Girkanci daga garin Maritime na Myra a Asiya. Ƙananan (Demre na zamani, Turkiyya) a lokacin daular Romawa. Saboda yawancin mu'ujizai da aka danganta ga roƙonsa, an kuma san shi da suna Nicholas the Wonderworker.[c] Saint Nicholas shi ne majiɓincin ma'aikatan jirgin ruwa, 'yan kasuwa, maharba, barayi masu tuba, yara, masu shayarwa, 'yan kasuwa, mutanen da ba su da aure, da dalibai a ciki. garuruwa da kasashe daban-daban na Turai. Sunansa ya samo asali ne a cikin masu tsoron Allah, kamar yadda aka saba da Kiristoci na farko, kuma al'adarsa na ba da kyauta ta asiri ya haifar da tsarin gargajiya na Santa Claus ("Saint Nick") ta hanyar Sinterklaas.<ref>http://www.ox.ac.uk/news/2017-12-05-could-ancient-bones-suggest-santa-was-real#{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>https://www.synaxarion.gr/gr/sid/3291/sxsaintinfo.aspx</ref> == Nazari == {{Reflist}}{{Stub}} jxlwliwfor4bx95x78zkqoyh0rb0qk4 0 66627 829786 361636 2026-05-05T02:47:48Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829786 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sharif Babiker''' ( [[Larabci]]: ﺷﺮﻳﻒ ﺑﺎﺑﻜﺮ‎ ) Farfesa ɗan Sudan ne a Sashen Lantarki na [[University of Khartoum|Jami'ar Khartoum]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |url=https://500wordsmag.com/science-and-technology/11-sudanese-scientists-you-should-know-about/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2024-01-08 |archive-date=2023-04-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230402222224/https://500wordsmag.com/science-and-technology/11-sudanese-scientists-you-should-know-about/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Yana aiki a matsayin shugaban IEEE Sudan reshen sashe.<ref>https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplore/home.jsp</ref> == Ilimi == Sharief Fadoul Babiker ya kammala makarantar sakandare a shekarar 1979, inda ya zo na hudu a fadin kasar. Sannan ya kammala karatunsa na farko a fannin lantarki da lantarki a jami'ar Khartoum a shekarar 1984. Ya sami digiri na biyu a fannin sadarwa da tsarin sadarwa a jami'ar Essex da ke kasar Ingila a shekarar 1987. Ya sami digirin digirgir a fannin nanoelectronics da ya samu a jami'ar. Glasgow a Scotland.<ref name=":0" /> == Ayyuka == A cikin shekara ta 2000, an nada Babiker kuma ya tsunduma cikin bincike a kan na'urorin semiconductor a Cibiyar Nazarin Nanoelectronics, Jami'ar Glasgow. Ya kuma ba da gudummawa ga ayyukan sararin samaniya a Thales Avionics a cikin United Kingdom.<ref name=":0" /> == Nassoshi == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Xupqf_UAAAAJ&hl=en Sharief Babiker Google Scholar] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] ll9906iydnufwu4mgywg6ku8w5dvju0 0 71155 829931 822901 2026-05-05T07:09:27Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829931 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Silent Night, Bloody Night.ogv|thumb|Wutan buye]] [[Fayil:Silent Night, Bloody Night - mantel sculpture.png|thumb|''Silent Night'' (fim na 1996)]] '''''Silent Night''''' fim ne na Najeriya na shekara ta 1996 game da fashi inda mutane daban-daban suka kafa wata kungiya. [[Chico Ejiro]] ne ya ba da umarnin Marubutan biyu sune Zeb Ejiro da Ogenejabor .<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tayo |first=Ayomide O. |date=2018-07-25 |title=30 unforgettable Nollywood home videos you should watch |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/classics-30-unforgettable-nollywood-home-videos-you-should-watch/l554mlf |access-date=2022-07-23 |website=Pulse Nigeria |archive-date=2022-10-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221023222521/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/classics-30-unforgettable-nollywood-home-videos-you-should-watch/l554mlf |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ƴan wasa == * Lola Adewuyi a matsayin Ufuoma Odame * Jerry Ajakaye a matsayin direban taksi * [[Segun Arinze]] a matsayin Arrow * [[Ramsey Nouah]] a matsayin Stanley * Peter Bunor a matsayin Babban Alkalin * Matilda Dakoru a matsayin Matar kawun * Johnson Davidson a matsayin Adams * Taiwo Ebikeme a matsayin 'yan sanda * Emmanuel Faransa a matsayin Malami * Alex Usifo a matsayin Alkalin Shari'a kuma mahaifin Stanley da ɗan'uwansa * [[Joke Silva]] a matsayin mahaifiyar Stanley da ɗan'uwa, matar shari'ar Alkalin * [[Kate Henshaw]] a matsayin Ruth <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-06-03 |title=#ThrowbackThursday: Five Nigerian classic movies that would leave you nostalgic |url=https://punchng.com/throwbackthursday-five-nigerian-classic-movies-that-would-leave-you-nostalgic/ |access-date=2022-07-23 |website=Punch Newspapers |language=en-US}}</ref> == Labarin fim == Stanley daga wata iyali mai arziki ya shiga fashi saboda gajiyar kuma a kan daukar ma'aikata yayin da daya daga cikin mambobin baki ya tafi aiki. Dole ne ya kashe ɗan'uwansa, Vincent lokacin da aka kai hari ga iyalinsa ba zato ba tsammani kuma ya gane shi.Shugabar 'yar'uwar kungiyar, Ruth tana cikin dangantaka da Stanley kuma hakan ya haifar da ciki. kama su da ƙungiyar baki kuma an kama su tare da yanke musu hukuncin kisa ta hanyar harbi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Central |first=Urban |date=2020-05-19 |title=Black Arrow v. Makanaki: Settling The Debate For Who Was The Ultimate On Screen Bad Boy |url=https://medium.com/urban-central/black-arrow-v-makanaki-settling-the-debate-for-who-was-the-ultimate-on-screen-bad-boy-2d2c948299b8 |access-date=2022-07-23 |website=Urban Central |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Nwogu |first=Precious 'Mamazeus' |date=2020-12-28 |title=5 classic must-watch Chico Ejiro films |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/5-classic-must-watch-chico-ejiro-films/s0809n6 |access-date=2022-07-23 |website=Pulse Nigeria}}</ref> == Manazarta == <references /> svjfg9vhoqfzftr7v262p8v06q6ltes 0 73340 829649 389631 2026-05-04T19:58:40Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829649 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Samia Rhaiem''' (Arabic) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta ƙasar [[Tunisiya|Tunisian]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mosaiquefm.net/amp/fr/tv-ramadan-tunisie/895104/samia-rhaiem-je-ne-jouerai-plus-le-role-de-la-tunisoise|title=Samia Rhaïem: Je ne jouerai plus le rôle de la ''Tunisoise''|website=[[Mosaïque FM]] |accessdate=20 April 2022 |language=fr-FR}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ifm.tn/ar/article/%D9%81%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86-%D9%88%D8%AB%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%A9/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%B1%D8%AD%D9%8A-%D9%85-%D8%A5%D9%8A%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A-%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83-%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5%D8%A9-%D8%B1%D8%BA%D8%A8-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AC-%D9%85%D9%86%D9%8A-%D8%A8%D8%B9%D8%AF-%D8%A3%D9%86-%D8%B1%D8%A2%D9%86%D9%8A-%D8%B5%D8%AF%D9%81%D8%A9/30871|title=سامية رحيّم: إيطالي يملك طائرة خاصة رغب في الزواج مني بعد أن رآني صدفة|website=www.ifm.tn|accessdate=20 April 2022|language=ar}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.zoomtunisia.net/article/89/53034.html|title=سامية رحيّم : التلفزة التونسية، المخرج والممثلين وافقوا على جزء ثالث من "خطّاب على الباب" ولكن !|website=www.zoomtunisia.net |accessdate=20 April 2022 |language=ar}}</ref> == Hotunan fina-finai == === Fim din === ==== Hotuna masu ban sha'awa ==== * 1995: La Danse du feu na Selma Baccar * 1998: ''Ghodoua Nahrek'' na Mohamed Ben Smaïl * 2002: La Boîte magique by Ridha Behi * 2004: La Villa ta Mohamed Damak * 2005: ''Khochkhach'' (La Fleur d'oublie) na Selma Baccar * 2010: The String by [[Mehdi Ben Attia]]: Raja * 2015: ''Horra'' ta Moez Kamoun * 2017: ''[[Of Skin and Men|Na fata da maza]]'' na Mehdi Ben Attia * 2017: ''El Jaida'' ta Selma Baccar ==== Gajeren fina-finai ==== * 1998: Le Festin na Mohamed Damak * 1999: ''Afrilu'' ta Raja Amari * 2012: Karim Belhadj ya tafi * 2012: Tarak Khalladi da Sawssen Saya sun yi karo na 9 ga Afrilu 1938 === Talabijin === * 1996 - 1997: El ''Khottab Al Bab'' (Masu bi suna kan ƙofar) ta Slaheddine Essid: Safiya Tehifa * 2001: ''Dhafayer'' na Habib Mselmani * 2002: ''Gamret Sidi Mahrous'' na Slaheddine Essid: Marcelle Pascalini-Souilah * 2005: ''Chaâbane fi Ramadhane'' ta Selma Baccar * 2007: ''Kamanjet Sallema'' ta Hamadi Arafa: Akila Abdelmaksoud * 2008 - 2009: ''Maktoub'' (lokaci 1-2) na Sami Fehri: Camilia Abd El Hak * 2009 - 2010: ''Njoum Ellil'' (lokaci 1-2) na Madih Belaïd * 2013: ''Layem'' na Khaled Barsaoui * 2014: ''Talaa Wala Habet'' by [[Majdi Smiri]]: Lilia * 2015: ''Naouret El Hawa'' (lokaci na 2) na Madih Belaïd: Beya Ben Abdallah * 2017 - 2018: ''Jnoun El Qayla'' ta Amine Chiboub: Fatma * 2018: ''Tej El Hadhra'' ta Sami Fehri: Lella Aicha * 2019 - 2021: Machair by Muhammet Gök: Uwargida da Taher Yahia * 2020: ''Ken Ya Makenech'' (lokaci na 1) na Abdelhamid Bouchnak: Cendrillon * 2021: ''El Foundou'' ta Saoussen Jemni: Lella Mannena == Manazarta == [[Category:Haifaffun 1955]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] a4x56p7gjawd60ds5vs35byznla2fd2 0 73702 829907 629570 2026-05-05T05:45:34Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829907 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Infobox person|name=Shirley Frimpong-Manso|image=File:Shirley Frimpong.jpg|image_size=|caption=Shirley Frimpong-Manso at the [[2014 Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards]] in [[Lagos]]|birth_name=|birth_date={{birth date and age|16 March 1977}}|birth_place=Kwahu East District|death_date=|death_place=|death_cause=|other_names=|known_for=|education=|employer=|occupation=Film director and producer|title=|spouse=Ken Attoh (married 2009–present)|partner=|children=|parents=|relatives=|signature=|website=www.sparrowstation.com|footnotes=|nationality=Ghanaian}} [[Fayil:Shirley Frimpong-Manso 03.png|thumb|Shirley Frimpong-Manso]] '''Shirley Frimpong-Manso''' (an haife ta 16 Maris 1977) daraktan fina-finan [[Ghana|Ghana ce]], marubuci, kuma furodusa. Ita ce mai kafa da Shugaba na [[Sparrow Productions]], wani fim, talabijin da kamfanin samar da talla. Ta lashe mafi kyawun Darakta a lambar yabo ta 6th Africa Movie Academy Awards. Frimpong-Manso kuma shine shugaban tashar Sparrow, sabis na watsa bidiyo don nishaɗin Afirka daga Sparrow da sauran masu shirya fina-finai na Afirka. A shekarar 2013, ta kasance a matsayi na 48 mafi tasiri a [[Ghana]] a cewar E.TV Ghana.<ref name="obourcelebrities4">{{cite web|last=Amankwa|first=Obour|title=Biography of Shirley Frimpong-Manso: A Director with Outstanding Skills|url=http://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2010/05/16/biography-of-shirley-frimpong-manso-a-director-with-outstanding-skills/|publisher=GhanaCelebrities.com|accessdate=26 February 2011|date=16 May 2010|archive-date=8 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211108171458/https://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2010/05/16/biography-of-shirley-frimpong-manso-a-director-with-outstanding-skills/|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="NigeriaFilmsAMAA20102">{{Cite web|first=Obour|last=Amankwa|date=2010-04-20|title=African Movie Academy Awards 2010: Shirley Frimpong Manso Wins Director of The Year|url=https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/amp/movie/20054/african-movie-academy-awards-2010shirley-frimpong-manso-win.html|access-date=2022-05-15|website=The Nigerian Voice|language=en}}</ref> <ref name="SparrowStationStart2">{{cite web|url=http://www.ghananation.com/news/29625-shirley-frimpong-manso-s-sparrow-station-goes-live.html|title=Shirley Frimpong-Manso's Sparrow Station Goes Live!|publisher=Ghana Nation|date=13 December 2013|accessdate=15 July 2014|author=Abotsi, Maureen|archive-date=16 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140716141515/http://www.ghananation.com/news/29625-shirley-frimpong-manso-s-sparrow-station-goes-live.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="ETV20132">{{cite web|url=http://www.etvghana.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=3634:etv-ghana-holds-maiden-edition-of-ghanas-most-influential-awards&catid=96:etvgh-blog-news&Itemid=484|title=Etv Ghana holds maiden edition of Ghana Most Influential People|publisher=etvghana.com|date=23 April 2013|accessdate=16 July 2014|archive-date=14 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714162720/http://www.etvghana.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=3634:etv-ghana-holds-maiden-edition-of-ghanas-most-influential-awards&catid=96:etvgh-blog-news&Itemid=484|url-status=dead}}</ref> An kwatanta Frimpong-Manso a matsayin wanda "neman daukaka matsayin shirya fina-finai a Ghana da Afirka ta hanyar ba da labaran Afirka masu ci gaba kamar yadda ake gani ta idanun 'yan Afirka." Canza yadda ake nuna Ghana kuma ya zaburar da zaɓin aikinta. Fina-finan nata kuma an san su da "manyan jagororin mata," yayin da suke nuna matan Afirka tare da hukumar da za su iya zama masu cin abinci da gudanar da rayuwa mai sarkakiya. <ref name="AJAM20150322" /> A watan Disamba na 2019, fim ɗinta mai suna ' [[Potato Potahto (fim)|Potato Potahto]] ' ya fara yawo akan [[Netflix]] .<ref name="obourcelebrities3">{{cite web|last=Amankwa|first=Obour|title=Biography of Shirley Frimpong-Manso: A Director with Outstanding Skills|url=http://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2010/05/16/biography-of-shirley-frimpong-manso-a-director-with-outstanding-skills/|publisher=GhanaCelebrities.com|accessdate=26 February 2011|date=16 May 2010|archive-date=8 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211108171458/https://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2010/05/16/biography-of-shirley-frimpong-manso-a-director-with-outstanding-skills/|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="myjoyonline201605132">{{Cite web|url=http://www.myjoyonline.com/entertainment/2016/may-13th/i-went-into-movies-to-change-the-way-ghana-was-portrayed-shirley-frimpong-manso.php|title=I went into movies to change the way Ghana was portrayed - Shirley Frimpong-Manso|date=13 May 2016|website=www.myjoyonline.com|access-date=15 December 2018|archive-date=23 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190723155502/http://www.myjoyonline.com/entertainment/2016/may-13th/i-went-into-movies-to-change-the-way-ghana-was-portrayed-shirley-frimpong-manso.php|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="AJAM201503222">{{cite web|first=Christopher|last=Vourlias|title=In Ghana, movies project fierce female leads|date=22 March 2015|url=http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2015/3/22/in-ghana-movies-project-fierce-female-leads.html|publisher=Al Jazeera America|accessdate=4 September 2015}}</ref> <ref name="AJAM201503222"/><ref name="Variety201508032">{{cite journal|first=Christopher|last=Vourlias|title=Ghana's Shirley Frimpong-Manso Opens Doors for Female Colleagues|date=4 August 2015|url=https://variety.com/2015/film/global/shirley-frimpong-manso-opens-doors-for-female-filmmakers-1201558421/|journal=Variety|accessdate=4 September 2015}}</ref><ref name="Graphic201912162">{{Cite web|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/entertainment/showbiz-news/shirley-frimpong-manso-s-potato-potahto-makes-it-to-netflix.html|title=Shirley Frimpong-Manso's 'Potato Potahto' makes it to Netflix|date=2019-12-16|website=Graphic Showbiz|language=en-gb|access-date=2019-12-16}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == [[File:Shirley_Frimpong-Manso's_awards.png|left|thumb| Kyautar ta]] Frimpong-Manso dan garin Kwahu Pepease ne a [[Yankin Gabashi (Ghana)|yankin Gabashin]] kasar Ghana. Tun tana yarinya ta shirya wasannin kwaikwayo, wanda "ya ji daɗi fiye da wasa da yashi da tsana". Ta sauke karatu a shekara ta 2000 a Cibiyar Fina-Finai da Talabijin ta kasa wadda aka fi sani da NAFTI a Ghana kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin mai gabatar da shirye-shirye a gidan rediyon Gold, wani tashar mai zaman kansa a [[Accra]], sannan ta ci gaba da fara samar da Sparrow Productions a 2003.<ref name="obourcelebrities2">{{cite web|last=Amankwa|first=Obour|title=Biography of Shirley Frimpong-Manso: A Director with Outstanding Skills|url=http://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2010/05/16/biography-of-shirley-frimpong-manso-a-director-with-outstanding-skills/|publisher=GhanaCelebrities.com|accessdate=26 February 2011|date=16 May 2010|archive-date=8 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211108171458/https://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2010/05/16/biography-of-shirley-frimpong-manso-a-director-with-outstanding-skills/|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="obourcelebrities" /> Mijinta da abokin kasuwanci [[Ken Attoh]], kuma suna da ɗa tare.<ref name="ghanacelebs201210022">{{Cite news|url=http://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2012/10/02/photo-of-the-day-shirley-frimpong-manso-her-man-ken-attoh/|title=Shirley Frimpong Manso & Her Man-Ken Attoh...|date=2 October 2012|work=Ghanacelebrities.com|access-date=19 April 2018|language=en-US|archive-date=16 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201116234305/https://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2012/10/02/photo-of-the-day-shirley-frimpong-manso-her-man-ken-attoh/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Tare da mai gabatarwa da mai wasan kwaikwayo [[Juliet Asante]], Frimpong-Manso ya taimaka wajen samar da TV show ''Heart to Heart'' na shekaru biyu jim kadan bayan makaranta. Ta kuma samar da: * ''Shades daban-daban na Blue'' - jerin talabijin game da 'yan matan jami'a biyar waɗanda ke raba ɗakin kwana a ɗakin kwanan dalibai na jami'a. * ''Personalities Kitchen'' – shirin dafa abinci wanda ke daukar nauyin mutane biyu kuma yana ƙalubalantar su ga cin shinkafar da suke so. * [[Fayil:Street Painting 04.jpg|thumb]]''Miss Ghana Pageant'' - ta fitar da 'yan wasan kusa da na karshe a gasar Miss World cikin shekaru biyar a lokacinta. <ref name="obourcelebrities" /> == Filmography == {| class="wikitable" !Film !Production<br /><br />Year !Distribution<br /><br />Companies !Production<br /><br />Type !Notes |- |''Life and Living it'' |2009 |Sparrow Station |Film |The stories of four male friends: a musician, a dancer, a doctor, and an advertising manager. "Major themes include love, friendship, and family." |- |''Scorned'' |2009 |Sparrow Station |Film |- |''[[Perfect Picture|The Perfect Picture]]'' |2009 |Sparrow Station |Film |The story of the lives and loves of three Ghanaian women friends, focusing on marriage and societal norms of Ghana that are not represented in Western film. Frimpong-Manso won Best Director for ''The Perfect Picture'' at the 2010 Africa Movie Academy Awards, where her films garnered a total of four awards. |- |''[[A Sting in a Tale (fim)|A Sting in a Tale]]'' |2009 |Sparrow Station |Film |"A cautionary tale about two Ghanaian men scrambling to find jobs." It won an Audience Favorite award at the 2010 Pan African Film &amp;amp; Arts Festival |- |''[[Checkmate (fim, 2010)|Checkmate]]'' |2010 |Sparrow Station |Film |- |''[[6 Hours to Christmas]]'' |2010 |Sparrow Station |Film |A tale of a creative director whose life was overturned when he was tempted to stray on Christmas Eve. |- |''Peep'' |2011 |Sparrow Station TV3 |TV series |- |''[[Kwangila (fim na 2012)|Contract]]'' |2012 |Sparrow Station |Film |A successful businessman who desires to avoid marital responsibility contracts with a woman to bear his child. Six nominations at 2013 Africa Movie Academy Awards, including best director. Won four awards at 2014 Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards, including best movie. |- |''[[Adams Apples]]'' |2011–2013 |Sparrow Station |TV series |A 10-part serial released during one year starting in April 2011. It follows the lives of four women (a mother and three adult children) in modern Ghana. |- |''[[Potomanto]]'' |2013 |Sparrow Station Africa Magic |Film |About "an emotionally sore private investigator who mistakenly stumbles on a case of organ harvesting." Nine nominations at 2014 Africa Movie Academy Awards, including best film and best director. |- |''Big for Nothing'' |2013 |Sparrow Station |Short film |- |''Stranger in my Bed'' |2013 |Sparrow Station |Short film |- |''Tenant'' |2013 |Africa Magic |TV series |- |''[[Devil in the Detail (fim)|Devil in the Detail]]'' |2014 |Sparrow Station Africa Magic |Film |Suspicions of marital infidelity. "Shirley Frimpong-Manso toyed with us and tripped us up over whether Helen cheated on her husband. At first it was Ben that was suspicious of Helen but then she literally flipped the script and Helen became suspicious of Ben. The core of the movie deals with morality...." One nomination for 2015 Africa Movie Academy Awards |- |''[[Love or Something Like That]]'' |2014 |Sparrow Station Africa Magic |Film |- |''[[V Republic|V-Republic]]'' |2014 |Sparrow Station |TV series |- |''[[Grey Dawn (fim)|Grey Dawn]]'' |2015 |Sparrow Station Africa Magic |Film |- |''Shampaign'' |2016 |Sparrow Station |TV series |A drama featuring a woman campaigning to be president of Ghana. "'Shampaign' takes inspiration from the recent events that have dominated pop culture, from America’s election, to the inability of Nigeria or Ghana to present a strong female political aspirant." |- |''[[Rebecca (2016 fim)|Rebecca]]'' |2016 |Sparrow Station |Film |"Abandoned and lost in the middle of a deserted road, an egotistic proper city guy gets a rude awakening when he begins to realize that his only companion, a timid-looking village girl who he had been forced to marry only a few hours earlier, is anything but ordinary." Nominated in two categories for Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards<ref name="todaypost20160129" /> |- |''[[Potato Potahto (fim)|Potato Potahto]]'' |2017 | |Film |A "hilarious spin on divorce." "The movie tells the story of a couple, who decide to still live in their matrimonial home even after they split up." Nominated in five categories for Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards |- |''[[The perfect picture: Ten Years Later|The Perfect Picture: Ten Years Later]]'' |2019 | |Film |A sequel to ''[[Perfect Picture|The Perfect Picture]]''. The three leads are ten years older, and their relationships are not so prefect. It won both Best Ghanaian Movie of the Year and Best Movie of the Year at the 2021 Citi TV Entertainment Achievement Awards. |- |Us In Between |2020 |Sparrow Station |Film |The story of the COVID-19 pandemic and its effects on human life. |} == Kyauta == * Kyautar Kwalejin Fina ta Afirka ta 6 - Mafi kyawun Darakta na Shekara * 6th Africa Movie Academy Awards - ''[[A Sting in a Tale (fim)|A Sting in a Tale]]'' ya lashe kyautar ''mafi kyawun sauti'' <ref name="NigeriaFilmsAMAA2010" /> * Bikin Fina-Finai da Fasaha na Shekara-shekara na 18 na Pan African - ''A Sting In A Tale'' ya ɗauki lambar yabo ga ''Masu Sauraron Fiyayyen Halitta-Bayanai'' * 2014 Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards - Mafi kyawun Daraktan Finai, Mafi kyawun Editan Bidiyo, da (tare da Hertey Owusu) Mafi kyawun Marubuci (Wasan kwaikwayo), [[Kwangila (fim na 2012)|Kwangilar]] ta lashe Mafi kyawun Fim. * A cikin Maris 2021, an ba ta lambar yabo ta Daraktar Fina-Finai ta Shekara a cikin Citi TV Entertainment Achievement Awards.<ref name="EAAWinners20212">{{Cite news|date=2021-03-27|title=Winners of Entertainment Achievement Awards 2021 [Full list]|url=https://citinewsroom.com/2021/03/winners-of-entertainment-achievement-awards-2021-full-list/|access-date=2021-03-29|website=[[Citi FM (Ghana)]]|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="CITIThreeThings2">{{Cite news|first=Kwame|last=Dadzie|date=2021-03-29|title=Three things to know about #EAAwards winner Shirley Frimpong-Manso|url=https://citinewsroom.com/2021/03/three-things-to-know-about-eaawards-winner-shirley-frimpong-manso/|access-date=2022-05-27|work=[[Citi FM (Ghana)]]|language=en-US}}</ref> == Nassoshi == <references> <ref name="obourcelebrities">{{cite web|last=Amankwa|first=Obour|title=Biography of Shirley Frimpong-Manso: A Director with Outstanding Skills|url=http://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2010/05/16/biography-of-shirley-frimpong-manso-a-director-with-outstanding-skills/|publisher=GhanaCelebrities.com|accessdate=26 February 2011|date=16 May 2010|archive-date=8 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211108171458/https://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2010/05/16/biography-of-shirley-frimpong-manso-a-director-with-outstanding-skills/|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="afdapp">{{cite web|url=http://africa-archive.com/gh/the-perfect-picture-2009|title=The Perfect Picture (2009)|work=African Film Database|accessdate=22 December 2014|archive-date=21 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141021031446/http://africa-archive.com/gh/the-perfect-picture-2009|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="modernghanalli">{{cite web|title=Life and Living It|url=http://www.modernghana.com/movie/4615/3/life-and-living-it.html|date=22 April 2009|publisher=ModernGhana.com|work=Nollywood News|accessdate=22 December 2014}}</ref> <ref name="afdlli">{{cite web|url=http://africa-archive.com/gh/life-and-living-it-2009|title=Life and Living It (2009)|work=African Film Database|accessdate=22 December 2014}}</ref> <ref name="jamatiperfect">{{cite web|url=http://www.jamati.com/online/film/shirley-frimpong-manso%E2%80%99s-perfect-picture/|title=Shirley Frimpong-Manso's Perfect Picture|publisher=Jamati.com|date=30 March 2009|last=Debrah|first=Ameyaw|authorlink=Ameyaw Debrah|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100806001604/http://www.jamati.com/online/film/shirley-frimpong-manso%E2%80%99s-perfect-picture/|archivedate=6 August 2010}}</ref> <ref name="bbc24dec10">{{cite web|last=Agyapong Febiri|first=Chris-Vincent|title=BBC's Interview With Shirley Frimpong Manso|url=http://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2010/12/25/bbc%E2%80%99s-interview-with-shirley-frimpong-manso-was-aired-yesterday-did-you-miss-it-listen-to-it-here-now/|publisher=GhanaCelebrities.com|accessdate=27 December 2010|archive-date=7 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181007192144/http://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2010/12/25/bbc%E2%80%99s-interview-with-shirley-frimpong-manso-was-aired-yesterday-did-you-miss-it-listen-to-it-here-now/|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="africareportsting">{{cite web|title=Film reviews: Desert Flower & A Sting in a Tale|url=http://www.theafricareport.com/archives2/society-a-culture/3295797-film-reviews-desert-flower-a-a-sting-in-a-tale.html|publisher=The Africa Report|accessdate=30 December 2010|date=14 September 2010}}</ref> <ref name="adamsapplesimdb">{{cite web|title=Adams Apples|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1956416/|publisher=[[Internet Movie Database]]}}</ref> <ref name="adamsappleswebsite">{{cite web|url=http://www.adamsapplesmovie.com/about.php|title=About Adams Apples|publisher=Movie web site|accessdate=6 September 2011|archive-date=27 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121127222057/http://www.adamsapplesmovie.com/about.php|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="adamsapplesfacebook">{{cite web|url=http://www.facebook.com/adamsapplesmovie|title=Adams Apples Movie|publisher=Facebook page}}</ref> <ref name="modernghanasixdays">{{cite web|url=http://www.modernghana.com/lifestyle/1663/16/0396-hours-to-christmas039.html|title=6 Hours to Christmas|last=Smith|first=Hilda Lan|date=15 October 2010|publisher=Modern Ghana|accessdate=6 September 2011}}</ref> <ref name="SparrowStationStart">{{cite web|url=http://www.ghananation.com/news/29625-shirley-frimpong-manso-s-sparrow-station-goes-live.html|title=Shirley Frimpong-Manso's Sparrow Station Goes Live!|publisher=Ghana Nation|date=13 December 2013|accessdate=15 July 2014|author=Abotsi, Maureen|archive-date=16 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140716141515/http://www.ghananation.com/news/29625-shirley-frimpong-manso-s-sparrow-station-goes-live.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="PotomantoNollywoodreinvented">{{cite web|url=http://www.nollywoodreinvented.com/2014/01/potomanto.html|title=Potomanto: NR Review|publisher=NollywoodREinvented|date=7 January 2014|accessdate=5 August 2014}}</ref> <ref name="Variety20150803">{{cite journal|first=Christopher|last=Vourlias|title=Ghana's Shirley Frimpong-Manso Opens Doors for Female Colleagues|date=4 August 2015|url=https://variety.com/2015/film/global/shirley-frimpong-manso-opens-doors-for-female-filmmakers-1201558421/|journal=Variety|accessdate=4 September 2015}}</ref> <ref name="AJAM20150322">{{cite web|first=Christopher|last=Vourlias|title=In Ghana, movies project fierce female leads|date=22 March 2015|url=http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2015/3/22/in-ghana-movies-project-fierce-female-leads.html|publisher=Al Jazeera America|accessdate=4 September 2015}}</ref> <ref name="ETV2013">{{cite web|url=http://www.etvghana.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=3634:etv-ghana-holds-maiden-edition-of-ghanas-most-influential-awards&catid=96:etvgh-blog-news&Itemid=484|title=Etv Ghana holds maiden edition of Ghana Most Influential People|publisher=etvghana.com|date=23 April 2013|accessdate=16 July 2014|archive-date=14 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714162720/http://www.etvghana.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=3634:etv-ghana-holds-maiden-edition-of-ghanas-most-influential-awards&catid=96:etvgh-blog-news&Itemid=484|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="todaypost20160129">{{cite news|publisher="The Today Post"|url=http://gh.thetodaypost.com/rebecca-shirley-frimpong-mansos-movie-set-for-premiere-in-the-uk-video-11008|title='Rebecca': Shirley Frimpong Manso's movie set for premiere in the UK|date=29 January 2016|accessdate=29 January 2016|archive-date=3 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160203193413/http://gh.thetodaypost.com/rebecca-shirley-frimpong-mansos-movie-set-for-premiere-in-the-uk-video-11008|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="pulseng20170711">{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/shirley-frimpong-manso-put-a-spin-on-divorce-in-potato-pothato-id7568118.html|title="Potato Potahto" - How Shirley Frimpong-Manso put a hilarious spin on divorce|last=Izuzu|first=Chidumga|website=www.pulse.ng|language=en-US|access-date=15 December 2018|archive-date=15 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181215070115/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/shirley-frimpong-manso-put-a-spin-on-divorce-in-potato-pothato-id7568118.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="enewsgh20180706">{{Cite web|url=https://enewsgh.com/2018/07/2018-africa-magic-viewers-choice-awards-shirley-frimpong-mansos-potato-potahto-keeps-ghana-afloat/|title=2018 Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards: Shirley Frimpong-Manso's POTATO POTAHTO Keeps Ghana Afloat|date=6 July 2018|first=Gabriel Myers|last=Hansen|website=Proudly Ghanaian! {{!}} EnewsGH|language=en-US|access-date=14 December 2018|archive-date=2 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402044901/https://enewsgh.com/2018/07/2018-africa-magic-viewers-choice-awards-shirley-frimpong-mansos-potato-potahto-keeps-ghana-afloat/|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="myjoyonline20160513">{{Cite web|url=http://www.myjoyonline.com/entertainment/2016/may-13th/i-went-into-movies-to-change-the-way-ghana-was-portrayed-shirley-frimpong-manso.php|title=I went into movies to change the way Ghana was portrayed - Shirley Frimpong-Manso|date=13 May 2016|website=www.myjoyonline.com|access-date=15 December 2018|archive-date=23 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190723155502/http://www.myjoyonline.com/entertainment/2016/may-13th/i-went-into-movies-to-change-the-way-ghana-was-portrayed-shirley-frimpong-manso.php|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="ghanacelebs20121002">{{Cite news|url=http://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2012/10/02/photo-of-the-day-shirley-frimpong-manso-her-man-ken-attoh/|title=Shirley Frimpong Manso & Her Man-Ken Attoh...|date=2 October 2012|work=Ghanacelebrities.com|access-date=19 April 2018|language=en-US|archive-date=16 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201116234305/https://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2012/10/02/photo-of-the-day-shirley-frimpong-manso-her-man-ken-attoh/|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="SparrowShampaign">{{cite web|title=Shampaign|url=http://sparrowproductions.net/shampaign/|publisher=Sparrow Station|accessdate=19 December 2018}}{{Dead link|date=August 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref name="NollywoodShampaign">{{Cite web|url=https://nollywoodobserver.blog/2017/03/13/series-review-shampaign/|title=Series Review: Shampaign|date=13 March 2017|website=Nollywood Observer|language=en|access-date=20 December 2018|archive-date=23 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190723155502/https://nollywoodobserver.blog/2017/03/13/series-review-shampaign/|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="TalkMoviesDevil">{{Cite web|url=http://www.talkafricanmovies.com/devil-in-the-detail/|title=Devil in the Detail|date=28 September 2014|website=Talk African Movies|language=en-US|access-date=22 December 2018}}</ref> <ref name="EAAWinners2021">{{Cite news|date=2021-03-27|title=Winners of Entertainment Achievement Awards 2021 [Full list]|url=https://citinewsroom.com/2021/03/winners-of-entertainment-achievement-awards-2021-full-list/|access-date=2021-03-29|website=[[Citi FM (Ghana)]]|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name="BellaNaija20191203">{{Cite web|date=2019-12-03|title=Ghanaian Movie "The Perfect Picture – Ten Years Later" premiered with the Leading Ladies in Attendance|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2019/12/ghanaian-movie-the-perfect-picture-ten-years-later-premiered-with-the-leading-ladies-in-attendance/|access-date=2021-03-29|website=BellaNaija|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name="CitiUsInBetween2020">{{Cite news|first=Kwame|last=Dadzie|date=2020-11-30|title=Shirley Frimpong-Manso premieres 'Us in Between', a movie on COVID-19|url=https://citinewsroom.com/2020/11/shirley-frimpong-manso-premieres-us-in-between-a-movie-on-covid-19/|access-date=2020-12-01|website=[[Citi FM (Ghana)]]|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name="Graphic20191216">{{Cite web|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/entertainment/showbiz-news/shirley-frimpong-manso-s-potato-potahto-makes-it-to-netflix.html|title=Shirley Frimpong-Manso's 'Potato Potahto' makes it to Netflix|date=2019-12-16|website=Graphic Showbiz|language=en-gb|access-date=2019-12-16}}</ref> <ref name="NigeriaFilmsAMAA2010">{{Cite web|first=Obour|last=Amankwa|date=2010-04-20|title=African Movie Academy Awards 2010: Shirley Frimpong Manso Wins Director of The Year|url=https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/amp/movie/20054/african-movie-academy-awards-2010shirley-frimpong-manso-win.html|access-date=2022-05-15|website=The Nigerian Voice|language=en}}</ref> <ref name="NigerianVoiceBlue">{{Cite web|date=2007-09-20|author=Adwoa Serwaa Bonsu|title=In Different Shades Of Blue • Drama Is Only A Heart Beat Away|url=https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/amp/lifestyle/8276/in-different-shades-of-blue-drama-is-only-a-heart-beat-awa.html|access-date=2022-05-27|website=The Nigerian Voice}}</ref> <ref name="CITIThreeThings">{{Cite news|first=Kwame|last=Dadzie|date=2021-03-29|title=Three things to know about #EAAwards winner Shirley Frimpong-Manso|url=https://citinewsroom.com/2021/03/three-things-to-know-about-eaawards-winner-shirley-frimpong-manso/|access-date=2022-05-27|work=[[Citi FM (Ghana)]]|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name="GhanaCelebPAFAF2010">{{Cite web|date=2010-02-26|title=Shirley Frimpong Manso's 'A Sting in a Tale' wins award|url=https://www.modernghana.com/entertainment/11441/shirley-frimpong-mansos-a-sting-in-a-tale-wins-award.html|access-date=2022-05-27|website=Modern Ghana|language=en}}</ref> <ref name="NYDJLive2014Awards">{{Cite web|first=Ebenezer|last=Donkoh|date=2014-03-09|title=Shirley Frimpong-Manso wins Best Director at 2014 AfricaMagic Viewers' Choice Awards #AMCVA2014|url=https://www.nydjlive.com/shirley-frimpong-manso-wins-best-director-at-2014-africamagic-viewers-choice-awards-amcva2014/|access-date=2022-05-27|website=NY DJ Live|language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref name="BellaNaija2014Awards">{{Cite web|date=2014-03-09|title=And the 2014 Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards WINNERS Are…|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2014/03/and-the-2014-africa-magic-viewers-choice-awards-winners-are/|access-date=2022-05-27|website=BellaNaija|language=en-US}}</ref> == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{IMDb name|4444248}} [[Category:Haifaffun 1977]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] rjyos0rmqf1ejggtf66d2gxesq1rvtf 829908 829907 2026-05-05T05:45:36Z KiranBOT 35988 cire bin AMP daga URLs ([[:m:User:KiranBOT/AMP|cikakkun bayanai]]) ([[User talk:Usernamekiran|rahoton kuskure]]) v2.2.9s 829908 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Infobox person|name=Shirley Frimpong-Manso|image=File:Shirley Frimpong.jpg|image_size=|caption=Shirley Frimpong-Manso at the [[2014 Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards]] in [[Lagos]]|birth_name=|birth_date={{birth date and age|16 March 1977}}|birth_place=Kwahu East District|death_date=|death_place=|death_cause=|other_names=|known_for=|education=|employer=|occupation=Film director and producer|title=|spouse=Ken Attoh (married 2009–present)|partner=|children=|parents=|relatives=|signature=|website=www.sparrowstation.com|footnotes=|nationality=Ghanaian}} [[Fayil:Shirley Frimpong-Manso 03.png|thumb|Shirley Frimpong-Manso]] '''Shirley Frimpong-Manso''' (an haife ta 16 Maris 1977) daraktan fina-finan [[Ghana|Ghana ce]], marubuci, kuma furodusa. Ita ce mai kafa da Shugaba na [[Sparrow Productions]], wani fim, talabijin da kamfanin samar da talla. Ta lashe mafi kyawun Darakta a lambar yabo ta 6th Africa Movie Academy Awards. Frimpong-Manso kuma shine shugaban tashar Sparrow, sabis na watsa bidiyo don nishaɗin Afirka daga Sparrow da sauran masu shirya fina-finai na Afirka. A shekarar 2013, ta kasance a matsayi na 48 mafi tasiri a [[Ghana]] a cewar E.TV Ghana.<ref name="obourcelebrities4">{{cite web|last=Amankwa|first=Obour|title=Biography of Shirley Frimpong-Manso: A Director with Outstanding Skills|url=http://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2010/05/16/biography-of-shirley-frimpong-manso-a-director-with-outstanding-skills/|publisher=GhanaCelebrities.com|accessdate=26 February 2011|date=16 May 2010|archive-date=8 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211108171458/https://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2010/05/16/biography-of-shirley-frimpong-manso-a-director-with-outstanding-skills/|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="NigeriaFilmsAMAA20102">{{Cite web|first=Obour|last=Amankwa|date=2010-04-20|title=African Movie Academy Awards 2010: Shirley Frimpong Manso Wins Director of The Year|url=https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/movie/20054/african-movie-academy-awards-2010shirley-frimpong-manso-win.html|access-date=2022-05-15|website=The Nigerian Voice|language=en}}</ref> <ref name="SparrowStationStart2">{{cite web|url=http://www.ghananation.com/news/29625-shirley-frimpong-manso-s-sparrow-station-goes-live.html|title=Shirley Frimpong-Manso's Sparrow Station Goes Live!|publisher=Ghana Nation|date=13 December 2013|accessdate=15 July 2014|author=Abotsi, Maureen|archive-date=16 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140716141515/http://www.ghananation.com/news/29625-shirley-frimpong-manso-s-sparrow-station-goes-live.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="ETV20132">{{cite web|url=http://www.etvghana.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=3634:etv-ghana-holds-maiden-edition-of-ghanas-most-influential-awards&catid=96:etvgh-blog-news&Itemid=484|title=Etv Ghana holds maiden edition of Ghana Most Influential People|publisher=etvghana.com|date=23 April 2013|accessdate=16 July 2014|archive-date=14 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714162720/http://www.etvghana.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=3634:etv-ghana-holds-maiden-edition-of-ghanas-most-influential-awards&catid=96:etvgh-blog-news&Itemid=484|url-status=dead}}</ref> An kwatanta Frimpong-Manso a matsayin wanda "neman daukaka matsayin shirya fina-finai a Ghana da Afirka ta hanyar ba da labaran Afirka masu ci gaba kamar yadda ake gani ta idanun 'yan Afirka." Canza yadda ake nuna Ghana kuma ya zaburar da zaɓin aikinta. Fina-finan nata kuma an san su da "manyan jagororin mata," yayin da suke nuna matan Afirka tare da hukumar da za su iya zama masu cin abinci da gudanar da rayuwa mai sarkakiya. <ref name="AJAM20150322" /> A watan Disamba na 2019, fim ɗinta mai suna ' [[Potato Potahto (fim)|Potato Potahto]] ' ya fara yawo akan [[Netflix]] .<ref name="obourcelebrities3">{{cite web|last=Amankwa|first=Obour|title=Biography of Shirley Frimpong-Manso: A Director with Outstanding Skills|url=http://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2010/05/16/biography-of-shirley-frimpong-manso-a-director-with-outstanding-skills/|publisher=GhanaCelebrities.com|accessdate=26 February 2011|date=16 May 2010|archive-date=8 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211108171458/https://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2010/05/16/biography-of-shirley-frimpong-manso-a-director-with-outstanding-skills/|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="myjoyonline201605132">{{Cite web|url=http://www.myjoyonline.com/entertainment/2016/may-13th/i-went-into-movies-to-change-the-way-ghana-was-portrayed-shirley-frimpong-manso.php|title=I went into movies to change the way Ghana was portrayed - Shirley Frimpong-Manso|date=13 May 2016|website=www.myjoyonline.com|access-date=15 December 2018|archive-date=23 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190723155502/http://www.myjoyonline.com/entertainment/2016/may-13th/i-went-into-movies-to-change-the-way-ghana-was-portrayed-shirley-frimpong-manso.php|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="AJAM201503222">{{cite web|first=Christopher|last=Vourlias|title=In Ghana, movies project fierce female leads|date=22 March 2015|url=http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2015/3/22/in-ghana-movies-project-fierce-female-leads.html|publisher=Al Jazeera America|accessdate=4 September 2015}}</ref> <ref name="AJAM201503222"/><ref name="Variety201508032">{{cite journal|first=Christopher|last=Vourlias|title=Ghana's Shirley Frimpong-Manso Opens Doors for Female Colleagues|date=4 August 2015|url=https://variety.com/2015/film/global/shirley-frimpong-manso-opens-doors-for-female-filmmakers-1201558421/|journal=Variety|accessdate=4 September 2015}}</ref><ref name="Graphic201912162">{{Cite web|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/entertainment/showbiz-news/shirley-frimpong-manso-s-potato-potahto-makes-it-to-netflix.html|title=Shirley Frimpong-Manso's 'Potato Potahto' makes it to Netflix|date=2019-12-16|website=Graphic Showbiz|language=en-gb|access-date=2019-12-16}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == [[File:Shirley_Frimpong-Manso's_awards.png|left|thumb| Kyautar ta]] Frimpong-Manso dan garin Kwahu Pepease ne a [[Yankin Gabashi (Ghana)|yankin Gabashin]] kasar Ghana. Tun tana yarinya ta shirya wasannin kwaikwayo, wanda "ya ji daɗi fiye da wasa da yashi da tsana". Ta sauke karatu a shekara ta 2000 a Cibiyar Fina-Finai da Talabijin ta kasa wadda aka fi sani da NAFTI a Ghana kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin mai gabatar da shirye-shirye a gidan rediyon Gold, wani tashar mai zaman kansa a [[Accra]], sannan ta ci gaba da fara samar da Sparrow Productions a 2003.<ref name="obourcelebrities2">{{cite web|last=Amankwa|first=Obour|title=Biography of Shirley Frimpong-Manso: A Director with Outstanding Skills|url=http://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2010/05/16/biography-of-shirley-frimpong-manso-a-director-with-outstanding-skills/|publisher=GhanaCelebrities.com|accessdate=26 February 2011|date=16 May 2010|archive-date=8 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211108171458/https://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2010/05/16/biography-of-shirley-frimpong-manso-a-director-with-outstanding-skills/|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="obourcelebrities" /> Mijinta da abokin kasuwanci [[Ken Attoh]], kuma suna da ɗa tare.<ref name="ghanacelebs201210022">{{Cite news|url=http://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2012/10/02/photo-of-the-day-shirley-frimpong-manso-her-man-ken-attoh/|title=Shirley Frimpong Manso & Her Man-Ken Attoh...|date=2 October 2012|work=Ghanacelebrities.com|access-date=19 April 2018|language=en-US|archive-date=16 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201116234305/https://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2012/10/02/photo-of-the-day-shirley-frimpong-manso-her-man-ken-attoh/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Tare da mai gabatarwa da mai wasan kwaikwayo [[Juliet Asante]], Frimpong-Manso ya taimaka wajen samar da TV show ''Heart to Heart'' na shekaru biyu jim kadan bayan makaranta. Ta kuma samar da: * ''Shades daban-daban na Blue'' - jerin talabijin game da 'yan matan jami'a biyar waɗanda ke raba ɗakin kwana a ɗakin kwanan dalibai na jami'a. * ''Personalities Kitchen'' – shirin dafa abinci wanda ke daukar nauyin mutane biyu kuma yana ƙalubalantar su ga cin shinkafar da suke so. * [[Fayil:Street Painting 04.jpg|thumb]]''Miss Ghana Pageant'' - ta fitar da 'yan wasan kusa da na karshe a gasar Miss World cikin shekaru biyar a lokacinta. <ref name="obourcelebrities" /> == Filmography == {| class="wikitable" !Film !Production<br /><br />Year !Distribution<br /><br />Companies !Production<br /><br />Type !Notes |- |''Life and Living it'' |2009 |Sparrow Station |Film |The stories of four male friends: a musician, a dancer, a doctor, and an advertising manager. "Major themes include love, friendship, and family." |- |''Scorned'' |2009 |Sparrow Station |Film |- |''[[Perfect Picture|The Perfect Picture]]'' |2009 |Sparrow Station |Film |The story of the lives and loves of three Ghanaian women friends, focusing on marriage and societal norms of Ghana that are not represented in Western film. Frimpong-Manso won Best Director for ''The Perfect Picture'' at the 2010 Africa Movie Academy Awards, where her films garnered a total of four awards. |- |''[[A Sting in a Tale (fim)|A Sting in a Tale]]'' |2009 |Sparrow Station |Film |"A cautionary tale about two Ghanaian men scrambling to find jobs." It won an Audience Favorite award at the 2010 Pan African Film &amp;amp; Arts Festival |- |''[[Checkmate (fim, 2010)|Checkmate]]'' |2010 |Sparrow Station |Film |- |''[[6 Hours to Christmas]]'' |2010 |Sparrow Station |Film |A tale of a creative director whose life was overturned when he was tempted to stray on Christmas Eve. |- |''Peep'' |2011 |Sparrow Station TV3 |TV series |- |''[[Kwangila (fim na 2012)|Contract]]'' |2012 |Sparrow Station |Film |A successful businessman who desires to avoid marital responsibility contracts with a woman to bear his child. Six nominations at 2013 Africa Movie Academy Awards, including best director. Won four awards at 2014 Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards, including best movie. |- |''[[Adams Apples]]'' |2011–2013 |Sparrow Station |TV series |A 10-part serial released during one year starting in April 2011. It follows the lives of four women (a mother and three adult children) in modern Ghana. |- |''[[Potomanto]]'' |2013 |Sparrow Station Africa Magic |Film |About "an emotionally sore private investigator who mistakenly stumbles on a case of organ harvesting." Nine nominations at 2014 Africa Movie Academy Awards, including best film and best director. |- |''Big for Nothing'' |2013 |Sparrow Station |Short film |- |''Stranger in my Bed'' |2013 |Sparrow Station |Short film |- |''Tenant'' |2013 |Africa Magic |TV series |- |''[[Devil in the Detail (fim)|Devil in the Detail]]'' |2014 |Sparrow Station Africa Magic |Film |Suspicions of marital infidelity. "Shirley Frimpong-Manso toyed with us and tripped us up over whether Helen cheated on her husband. At first it was Ben that was suspicious of Helen but then she literally flipped the script and Helen became suspicious of Ben. The core of the movie deals with morality...." One nomination for 2015 Africa Movie Academy Awards |- |''[[Love or Something Like That]]'' |2014 |Sparrow Station Africa Magic |Film |- |''[[V Republic|V-Republic]]'' |2014 |Sparrow Station |TV series |- |''[[Grey Dawn (fim)|Grey Dawn]]'' |2015 |Sparrow Station Africa Magic |Film |- |''Shampaign'' |2016 |Sparrow Station |TV series |A drama featuring a woman campaigning to be president of Ghana. "'Shampaign' takes inspiration from the recent events that have dominated pop culture, from America’s election, to the inability of Nigeria or Ghana to present a strong female political aspirant." |- |''[[Rebecca (2016 fim)|Rebecca]]'' |2016 |Sparrow Station |Film |"Abandoned and lost in the middle of a deserted road, an egotistic proper city guy gets a rude awakening when he begins to realize that his only companion, a timid-looking village girl who he had been forced to marry only a few hours earlier, is anything but ordinary." Nominated in two categories for Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards<ref name="todaypost20160129" /> |- |''[[Potato Potahto (fim)|Potato Potahto]]'' |2017 | |Film |A "hilarious spin on divorce." "The movie tells the story of a couple, who decide to still live in their matrimonial home even after they split up." Nominated in five categories for Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards |- |''[[The perfect picture: Ten Years Later|The Perfect Picture: Ten Years Later]]'' |2019 | |Film |A sequel to ''[[Perfect Picture|The Perfect Picture]]''. The three leads are ten years older, and their relationships are not so prefect. It won both Best Ghanaian Movie of the Year and Best Movie of the Year at the 2021 Citi TV Entertainment Achievement Awards. |- |Us In Between |2020 |Sparrow Station |Film |The story of the COVID-19 pandemic and its effects on human life. |} == Kyauta == * Kyautar Kwalejin Fina ta Afirka ta 6 - Mafi kyawun Darakta na Shekara * 6th Africa Movie Academy Awards - ''[[A Sting in a Tale (fim)|A Sting in a Tale]]'' ya lashe kyautar ''mafi kyawun sauti'' <ref name="NigeriaFilmsAMAA2010" /> * Bikin Fina-Finai da Fasaha na Shekara-shekara na 18 na Pan African - ''A Sting In A Tale'' ya ɗauki lambar yabo ga ''Masu Sauraron Fiyayyen Halitta-Bayanai'' * 2014 Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards - Mafi kyawun Daraktan Finai, Mafi kyawun Editan Bidiyo, da (tare da Hertey Owusu) Mafi kyawun Marubuci (Wasan kwaikwayo), [[Kwangila (fim na 2012)|Kwangilar]] ta lashe Mafi kyawun Fim. * A cikin Maris 2021, an ba ta lambar yabo ta Daraktar Fina-Finai ta Shekara a cikin Citi TV Entertainment Achievement Awards.<ref name="EAAWinners20212">{{Cite news|date=2021-03-27|title=Winners of Entertainment Achievement Awards 2021 [Full list]|url=https://citinewsroom.com/2021/03/winners-of-entertainment-achievement-awards-2021-full-list/|access-date=2021-03-29|website=[[Citi FM (Ghana)]]|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="CITIThreeThings2">{{Cite news|first=Kwame|last=Dadzie|date=2021-03-29|title=Three things to know about #EAAwards winner Shirley Frimpong-Manso|url=https://citinewsroom.com/2021/03/three-things-to-know-about-eaawards-winner-shirley-frimpong-manso/|access-date=2022-05-27|work=[[Citi FM (Ghana)]]|language=en-US}}</ref> == Nassoshi == <references> <ref name="obourcelebrities">{{cite web|last=Amankwa|first=Obour|title=Biography of Shirley Frimpong-Manso: A Director with Outstanding Skills|url=http://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2010/05/16/biography-of-shirley-frimpong-manso-a-director-with-outstanding-skills/|publisher=GhanaCelebrities.com|accessdate=26 February 2011|date=16 May 2010|archive-date=8 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211108171458/https://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2010/05/16/biography-of-shirley-frimpong-manso-a-director-with-outstanding-skills/|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="afdapp">{{cite web|url=http://africa-archive.com/gh/the-perfect-picture-2009|title=The Perfect Picture (2009)|work=African Film Database|accessdate=22 December 2014|archive-date=21 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141021031446/http://africa-archive.com/gh/the-perfect-picture-2009|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="modernghanalli">{{cite web|title=Life and Living It|url=http://www.modernghana.com/movie/4615/3/life-and-living-it.html|date=22 April 2009|publisher=ModernGhana.com|work=Nollywood News|accessdate=22 December 2014}}</ref> <ref name="afdlli">{{cite web|url=http://africa-archive.com/gh/life-and-living-it-2009|title=Life and Living It (2009)|work=African Film Database|accessdate=22 December 2014}}</ref> <ref name="jamatiperfect">{{cite web|url=http://www.jamati.com/online/film/shirley-frimpong-manso%E2%80%99s-perfect-picture/|title=Shirley Frimpong-Manso's Perfect Picture|publisher=Jamati.com|date=30 March 2009|last=Debrah|first=Ameyaw|authorlink=Ameyaw Debrah|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100806001604/http://www.jamati.com/online/film/shirley-frimpong-manso%E2%80%99s-perfect-picture/|archivedate=6 August 2010}}</ref> <ref name="bbc24dec10">{{cite web|last=Agyapong Febiri|first=Chris-Vincent|title=BBC's Interview With Shirley Frimpong Manso|url=http://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2010/12/25/bbc%E2%80%99s-interview-with-shirley-frimpong-manso-was-aired-yesterday-did-you-miss-it-listen-to-it-here-now/|publisher=GhanaCelebrities.com|accessdate=27 December 2010|archive-date=7 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181007192144/http://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2010/12/25/bbc%E2%80%99s-interview-with-shirley-frimpong-manso-was-aired-yesterday-did-you-miss-it-listen-to-it-here-now/|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="africareportsting">{{cite web|title=Film reviews: Desert Flower & A Sting in a Tale|url=http://www.theafricareport.com/archives2/society-a-culture/3295797-film-reviews-desert-flower-a-a-sting-in-a-tale.html|publisher=The Africa Report|accessdate=30 December 2010|date=14 September 2010}}</ref> <ref name="adamsapplesimdb">{{cite web|title=Adams Apples|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1956416/|publisher=[[Internet Movie Database]]}}</ref> <ref name="adamsappleswebsite">{{cite web|url=http://www.adamsapplesmovie.com/about.php|title=About Adams Apples|publisher=Movie web site|accessdate=6 September 2011|archive-date=27 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121127222057/http://www.adamsapplesmovie.com/about.php|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="adamsapplesfacebook">{{cite web|url=http://www.facebook.com/adamsapplesmovie|title=Adams Apples Movie|publisher=Facebook page}}</ref> <ref name="modernghanasixdays">{{cite web|url=http://www.modernghana.com/lifestyle/1663/16/0396-hours-to-christmas039.html|title=6 Hours to Christmas|last=Smith|first=Hilda Lan|date=15 October 2010|publisher=Modern Ghana|accessdate=6 September 2011}}</ref> <ref name="SparrowStationStart">{{cite web|url=http://www.ghananation.com/news/29625-shirley-frimpong-manso-s-sparrow-station-goes-live.html|title=Shirley Frimpong-Manso's Sparrow Station Goes Live!|publisher=Ghana Nation|date=13 December 2013|accessdate=15 July 2014|author=Abotsi, Maureen|archive-date=16 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140716141515/http://www.ghananation.com/news/29625-shirley-frimpong-manso-s-sparrow-station-goes-live.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="PotomantoNollywoodreinvented">{{cite web|url=http://www.nollywoodreinvented.com/2014/01/potomanto.html|title=Potomanto: NR Review|publisher=NollywoodREinvented|date=7 January 2014|accessdate=5 August 2014}}</ref> <ref name="Variety20150803">{{cite journal|first=Christopher|last=Vourlias|title=Ghana's Shirley Frimpong-Manso Opens Doors for Female Colleagues|date=4 August 2015|url=https://variety.com/2015/film/global/shirley-frimpong-manso-opens-doors-for-female-filmmakers-1201558421/|journal=Variety|accessdate=4 September 2015}}</ref> <ref name="AJAM20150322">{{cite web|first=Christopher|last=Vourlias|title=In Ghana, movies project fierce female leads|date=22 March 2015|url=http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2015/3/22/in-ghana-movies-project-fierce-female-leads.html|publisher=Al Jazeera America|accessdate=4 September 2015}}</ref> <ref name="ETV2013">{{cite web|url=http://www.etvghana.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=3634:etv-ghana-holds-maiden-edition-of-ghanas-most-influential-awards&catid=96:etvgh-blog-news&Itemid=484|title=Etv Ghana holds maiden edition of Ghana Most Influential People|publisher=etvghana.com|date=23 April 2013|accessdate=16 July 2014|archive-date=14 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714162720/http://www.etvghana.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=3634:etv-ghana-holds-maiden-edition-of-ghanas-most-influential-awards&catid=96:etvgh-blog-news&Itemid=484|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="todaypost20160129">{{cite news|publisher="The Today Post"|url=http://gh.thetodaypost.com/rebecca-shirley-frimpong-mansos-movie-set-for-premiere-in-the-uk-video-11008|title='Rebecca': Shirley Frimpong Manso's movie set for premiere in the UK|date=29 January 2016|accessdate=29 January 2016|archive-date=3 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160203193413/http://gh.thetodaypost.com/rebecca-shirley-frimpong-mansos-movie-set-for-premiere-in-the-uk-video-11008|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="pulseng20170711">{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/shirley-frimpong-manso-put-a-spin-on-divorce-in-potato-pothato-id7568118.html|title="Potato Potahto" - How Shirley Frimpong-Manso put a hilarious spin on divorce|last=Izuzu|first=Chidumga|website=www.pulse.ng|language=en-US|access-date=15 December 2018|archive-date=15 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181215070115/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/shirley-frimpong-manso-put-a-spin-on-divorce-in-potato-pothato-id7568118.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="enewsgh20180706">{{Cite web|url=https://enewsgh.com/2018/07/2018-africa-magic-viewers-choice-awards-shirley-frimpong-mansos-potato-potahto-keeps-ghana-afloat/|title=2018 Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards: Shirley Frimpong-Manso's POTATO POTAHTO Keeps Ghana Afloat|date=6 July 2018|first=Gabriel Myers|last=Hansen|website=Proudly Ghanaian! {{!}} EnewsGH|language=en-US|access-date=14 December 2018|archive-date=2 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402044901/https://enewsgh.com/2018/07/2018-africa-magic-viewers-choice-awards-shirley-frimpong-mansos-potato-potahto-keeps-ghana-afloat/|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="myjoyonline20160513">{{Cite web|url=http://www.myjoyonline.com/entertainment/2016/may-13th/i-went-into-movies-to-change-the-way-ghana-was-portrayed-shirley-frimpong-manso.php|title=I went into movies to change the way Ghana was portrayed - Shirley Frimpong-Manso|date=13 May 2016|website=www.myjoyonline.com|access-date=15 December 2018|archive-date=23 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190723155502/http://www.myjoyonline.com/entertainment/2016/may-13th/i-went-into-movies-to-change-the-way-ghana-was-portrayed-shirley-frimpong-manso.php|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="ghanacelebs20121002">{{Cite news|url=http://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2012/10/02/photo-of-the-day-shirley-frimpong-manso-her-man-ken-attoh/|title=Shirley Frimpong Manso & Her Man-Ken Attoh...|date=2 October 2012|work=Ghanacelebrities.com|access-date=19 April 2018|language=en-US|archive-date=16 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201116234305/https://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2012/10/02/photo-of-the-day-shirley-frimpong-manso-her-man-ken-attoh/|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="SparrowShampaign">{{cite web|title=Shampaign|url=http://sparrowproductions.net/shampaign/|publisher=Sparrow Station|accessdate=19 December 2018}}{{Dead link|date=August 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref name="NollywoodShampaign">{{Cite web|url=https://nollywoodobserver.blog/2017/03/13/series-review-shampaign/|title=Series Review: Shampaign|date=13 March 2017|website=Nollywood Observer|language=en|access-date=20 December 2018|archive-date=23 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190723155502/https://nollywoodobserver.blog/2017/03/13/series-review-shampaign/|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="TalkMoviesDevil">{{Cite web|url=http://www.talkafricanmovies.com/devil-in-the-detail/|title=Devil in the Detail|date=28 September 2014|website=Talk African Movies|language=en-US|access-date=22 December 2018}}</ref> <ref name="EAAWinners2021">{{Cite news|date=2021-03-27|title=Winners of Entertainment Achievement Awards 2021 [Full list]|url=https://citinewsroom.com/2021/03/winners-of-entertainment-achievement-awards-2021-full-list/|access-date=2021-03-29|website=[[Citi FM (Ghana)]]|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name="BellaNaija20191203">{{Cite web|date=2019-12-03|title=Ghanaian Movie "The Perfect Picture – Ten Years Later" premiered with the Leading Ladies in Attendance|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2019/12/ghanaian-movie-the-perfect-picture-ten-years-later-premiered-with-the-leading-ladies-in-attendance/|access-date=2021-03-29|website=BellaNaija|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name="CitiUsInBetween2020">{{Cite news|first=Kwame|last=Dadzie|date=2020-11-30|title=Shirley Frimpong-Manso premieres 'Us in Between', a movie on COVID-19|url=https://citinewsroom.com/2020/11/shirley-frimpong-manso-premieres-us-in-between-a-movie-on-covid-19/|access-date=2020-12-01|website=[[Citi FM (Ghana)]]|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name="Graphic20191216">{{Cite web|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/entertainment/showbiz-news/shirley-frimpong-manso-s-potato-potahto-makes-it-to-netflix.html|title=Shirley Frimpong-Manso's 'Potato Potahto' makes it to Netflix|date=2019-12-16|website=Graphic Showbiz|language=en-gb|access-date=2019-12-16}}</ref> <ref name="NigeriaFilmsAMAA2010">{{Cite web|first=Obour|last=Amankwa|date=2010-04-20|title=African Movie Academy Awards 2010: Shirley Frimpong Manso Wins Director of The Year|url=https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/movie/20054/african-movie-academy-awards-2010shirley-frimpong-manso-win.html|access-date=2022-05-15|website=The Nigerian Voice|language=en}}</ref> <ref name="NigerianVoiceBlue">{{Cite web|date=2007-09-20|author=Adwoa Serwaa Bonsu|title=In Different Shades Of Blue • Drama Is Only A Heart Beat Away|url=https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/lifestyle/8276/in-different-shades-of-blue-drama-is-only-a-heart-beat-awa.html|access-date=2022-05-27|website=The Nigerian Voice}}</ref> <ref name="CITIThreeThings">{{Cite news|first=Kwame|last=Dadzie|date=2021-03-29|title=Three things to know about #EAAwards winner Shirley Frimpong-Manso|url=https://citinewsroom.com/2021/03/three-things-to-know-about-eaawards-winner-shirley-frimpong-manso/|access-date=2022-05-27|work=[[Citi FM (Ghana)]]|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name="GhanaCelebPAFAF2010">{{Cite web|date=2010-02-26|title=Shirley Frimpong Manso's 'A Sting in a Tale' wins award|url=https://www.modernghana.com/entertainment/11441/shirley-frimpong-mansos-a-sting-in-a-tale-wins-award.html|access-date=2022-05-27|website=Modern Ghana|language=en}}</ref> <ref name="NYDJLive2014Awards">{{Cite web|first=Ebenezer|last=Donkoh|date=2014-03-09|title=Shirley Frimpong-Manso wins Best Director at 2014 AfricaMagic Viewers' Choice Awards #AMCVA2014|url=https://www.nydjlive.com/shirley-frimpong-manso-wins-best-director-at-2014-africamagic-viewers-choice-awards-amcva2014/|access-date=2022-05-27|website=NY DJ Live|language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref name="BellaNaija2014Awards">{{Cite web|date=2014-03-09|title=And the 2014 Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards WINNERS Are…|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2014/03/and-the-2014-africa-magic-viewers-choice-awards-winners-are/|access-date=2022-05-27|website=BellaNaija|language=en-US}}</ref> == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{IMDb name|4444248}} [[Category:Haifaffun 1977]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] qr2hehcq0k2e2cqcv1h5bstzoxe6450 0 73836 829624 708522 2026-05-04T16:16:55Z BnHamid 12586 829624 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Guruntum, harshe ne na Cadi da ake magana a Bauchi da Alkaleri LGAs, Jihar Bauchi, Nigeria . A cikin Sheraton alif dubu ɗaya da ɗari tara da casa’in da uku 1993 kusan mutane 15,000 ne suka yi magana. == Rabewa == Guruntum [[Yaren Chadic|yaren Chadic ne]] na ƙungiyar Barawa (B.3). Manyan yaruka sun hada da [[Kuuku]], [[Gayar]], [[Mbaaru]], [[Dooka]], [[Gar (dialect)|Gar]] da [[Karakara (dialect)|Karakara]] . == Fassarar sauti == === Wasula === Guruntum ya bambanta dogayen sifofi masu tsayi da gajere don duk wasulan banda {{IPA|/ɨ/}}</link> . Bugu da kari, akwai wasulan wasali guda biyu masu hanci: {{IPA|/ũː/}}</link> {{IPA|/ãː/}}</link> . {| class="IPA wikitable" style="text-align: center;" ! rowspan="2" | ! colspan="2" |Gaba ! colspan="2" | Tsakiya ! colspan="2" | Baya |- ! <small>gajere</small> ! <small>dogo</small> ! <small>gajere</small> ! <small>dogo</small> ! <small>gajere</small> ! <small>dogo</small> |- ! Kusa | i | iː | ɨ | | ku | ku ũː |- ! Tsakar | e | eː | | | o | oː |- ! Bude | | | a | aːãː | | |} Akwai diphthong guda biyu, {{IPA|/ai/}}</link> da {{IPA|/au/}}</link> . === Consonants === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" ! colspan="2" rowspan="2" | ! colspan="3" |Labial ! rowspan="2" | Alveolar ! rowspan="2" | Postalveolar<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> ko palatal ! colspan="3" | Velar |- ! <small>A fili</small> ! <small>Palatalized</small> ! <small>Labialized</small> ! <small>A fili</small> ! <small>Palatalized</small> ! <small>Labialized</small> |- ! colspan="2" | Nasal | {{IPA|m}} | {{IPA|mʲ}} | {{IPA|mʷ}} | {{IPA|n}} | {{IPA|nʲ}} | {{IPA|ŋ}} | | |- ! rowspan="4" | Tsaya ! <small>prenasalized</small> | {{IPA|ᵐb}} | | | {{IPA|ⁿd}} | {{IPA|ᶮdʒ}} | {{IPA|ᵑɡ}} | {{IPA|ᵑɡʲ}} | {{IPA|ᵑɡʷ}} |- ! <small>mara murya</small> | {{IPA|p}} | {{IPA|pʲ}} | | {{IPA|t}} | | {{IPA|k}} | {{IPA|kʲ}} | {{IPA|kʷ}} |- ! <small>murya</small> | {{IPA|b}} | {{IPA|bʲ}} | | {{IPA|d}} | {{IPA|dʒ}} | {{IPA|ɡ}} | {{IPA|ɡʲ}} | {{IPA|ɡʷ}} |- ! <small>m</small> | {{IPA|ɓ}} | | | {{IPA|ɗ}} | | | | |- ! rowspan="2" | Ƙarfafawa ! <small>mara murya</small> | {{IPA|f}} | {{IPA|fʲ}} | {{IPA|fʷ}} | {{IPA|s}} | {{IPA|ʃ}} | | | |- ! <small>murya</small> | {{IPA|v}} | | {{IPA|vʷ}} | {{IPA|z}} | {{IPA|ʒ}} | | | |- ! colspan="2" | Trill | | | | {{IPA|r}} | | | | |- ! colspan="2" | Kusanci | | | | {{IPA|l}} | {{IPA|j}} | | | {{IPA|w}} |} {{IPA|/r/}} is realized as a [[Matsa baki|flap]] intervocalically before back vowels; elsewhere it is a [[Trill baƙar fata|trill]]. === Sautin === Guruntum yana da sautuna huɗu: babba, ƙasa, tashi (ƙananan tsayi) da faɗuwa (high-low). == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} * {{Cite journal|url-status=169–189}} {{Languages of Nigeria}}{{Authority control}} [[Category:Harsunan Nijeriya]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] e70odommkj2bchqabsqhpz130c0qhga 0 75345 829611 728289 2026-05-04T14:03:55Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829611 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Ruby Yayra Goka''' (an haife shi 15 ga Mayu 1982, [[Accra]] ) likitan haƙori ne kuma marubuci [[Ghana|ɗan Ghana]] . Tana da litattafai 15 don darajarta kuma an fi saninta da kasancewa lambar yabo ta Burt don lashe wallafe-wallafen Afirka a Ghana. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Burt Award Winners |url=http://www.ghanabooktrust.com/burt-award-winners/ |access-date=28 November 2017 |website=Ghana Book Trust}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=CODE Announces The Winner of The Burt Award For African Young Adult Literature All Stars |url=http://www.burtaward.org/news/code-announces-the-winner-of-the-burt-award-for-african-young-adult-literature-all-stars |access-date=28 November 2017 |website=Burt Literary Awards |archive-date=24 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190724094138/https://www.burtaward.org/news/code-announces-the-winner-of-the-burt-award-for-african-young-adult-literature-all-stars |url-status=dead }}</ref> Goka, wanda tsohon dalibi ne na Makarantar Hakora ta Jami’ar Ghana, a halin yanzu yana jagorantar Sashen Kula da Hakora na Asibitin Yankin Volta, Ho. == Rayuwa == An haife shi a [[Accra]], [[Ghana]], Goka an haife shi ga Simon Yao Goka, jami'ar diflomasiyya mai ritaya da Lydia Aku Goka, uwar gida-gida. Lokacin da Ruby ta kasance ɗan shekara biyu, danginta sun ƙaura zuwa [[Itofiya|Habasha]], inda ta halarci makarantar Peter Pan International School. Lokacin da take da shekaru shida, danginta sun koma Ghana kuma ta ci gaba da karatunta na asali da na sakandare a Makarantar St. Anthony (1988–96) da Achimota School (1996–99) bi da bi a Accra. Ta sami BDS daga Makarantar Hakora ta Jami'ar Ghana a 2009 kuma ta yi aiki na tsawon shekaru biyu a Asibitin Ridge Accra, a Accra. Daga baya ta koma Sogakofe, inda ta yi aiki na tsawon shekaru biyu a asibitin gundumar Kudancin Tongu. Ta zama mamba a Kwalejin Likitoci da Likitoci ta Ghana a 2016 bayan ta kammala horon zama a Asibitin Koyarwa na Komfo Anokye, Kumasi. A halin yanzu tana jagorantar Sashen Dental na Asibitin Yanki na Volta, Ho. A cikin 2017, Goka ya sami lambar yabo a cikin Rubutun Marubuta da Ƙirƙirar Rubuce-rubuce a cikin kyaututtukan 40 ƙarƙashin 40 a Ghana. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Full List of Winners at 2017 Forty Under 40 Awards |url=http://kasapafmonline.com/2017/10/03/full-list-of-winners-at-2017-forty-under-40-award/ |access-date=28 November 2017 |website=Kasapa FM Online |archive-date=28 January 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180128180809/http://kasapafmonline.com/2017/10/03/full-list-of-winners-at-2017-forty-under-40-award/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> An kuma ba ta lambar yabo ta Medical Excellence Award a Dentistry a cikin wannan shekarar. Goka ɗan'uwan Mandela Washington ne na 2017. <ref>{{Cite web |title=40 Ghanaians Leave For YALI Programme in US |url=http://citifmonline.com/2017/06/22/40-ghanaians-leave-for-2017-yali-programme-in-us/ |access-date=28 November 2017 |website=Citi FM Online |archive-date=1 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201033137/http://citifmonline.com/2017/06/22/40-ghanaians-leave-for-2017-yali-programme-in-us/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Littattafai == '''Littattafan Manya''' : * [https://books.google.com/books?id=mV2nngEACAAJ ''Disfigured''] (2011) * [https://books.google.com/books?id=aQ9GnwEACAAJ ''In The Middle of Nowhere''] (2011) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Book Review: In The Middle of Nowhere |url=http://www.graphic.com.gh/features/features/in-the-middle-of-nowhere.html/ |access-date=28 November 2017 |website=Graphic Online}}</ref> * ''Rain Music'' (to be published in 2018) '''Littafin Matasa''' : * [https://www.amazon.com/Mystery-Haunted-House-Kakra-Panyin-ebook/dp/B07575YCK4/ref=sr_1_6?ie=UTF8&qid=1511965178&sr=8-6&keywords=Ruby+Goka ''The Mystery of The Haunted House''] (2010) * [https://www.amazon.com/LOST-ROYAL-TREASURE-RUBY-YAYRA/dp/9988841183/ref=sr_1_10?ie=UTF8&qid=1511965178&sr=8-10&keywords=Ruby+Goka ''The Lost Royal Treasure''] (2011) * [https://www.amazon.com/When-Shackles-Fall-Kakra-Panyin-ebook/dp/B075737VTV/ref=sr_1_8?ie=UTF8&qid=1511965178&sr=8-8&keywords=Ruby+Goka ''When the Shackles Fall''] (2012) * [https://www.amazon.com/Those-Wait-Ruby-Yayra-Goka-ebook/dp/B075737RZC/ref=sr_1_4?ie=UTF8&qid=1511965178&sr=8-4&keywords=Ruby+Goka ''Those Who Wait''] (2012) * [https://www.amazon.com/Perfectly-Imperfect-Ruby-Yayra-Goka/dp/9988194951/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1511965178&sr=8-1&keywords=Ruby+Goka ''Perfectly Imperfect''] (2013) * [https://www.amazon.com/Plain-Yellow-Ruby-Yayra-Goka/dp/9988214243/ref=sr_1_5?ie=UTF8&qid=1511965178&sr=8-5&keywords=Ruby+Goka ''Plain Yellow''] (2014) * [https://www.amazon.com/Step-Monster-Ruby-Yayra-Goka/dp/9988230397/ref=sr_1_3?ie=UTF8&qid=1511965178&sr=8-3&keywords=Ruby+Goka ''The Step-Monster''] (2015) * ''To Kiss A Girl'' (to be published in 2018) '''Littattafan Yara''' : * [https://www.amazon.com/Gift-Fafa-Ruby-Yayra-Goka/dp/9988187424/ref=sr_1_7?ie=UTF8&qid=1511965178&sr=8-7&keywords=Ruby+Goka ''A Gift for Fafa''] * ''Tani’s Wish'' (2016) * ''Mama’s Amazing Cover Cloth'' (to be published in 2018) * ''My First Visit to the Dentist'' (Co-authored with Richard Selormey. To be published in 2018) '''Anthologies''' : * ''Mother, Anthology of writing on mothers'' (contribution: "The ABCs of motherhood") == Kyauta == * Kyautar Kyautar Kiwon Lafiya - Rukunin Likitan Hakora (2017) * 40 a ƙarƙashin lambar yabo ta 40 - Marubuci da rubutun ƙirƙira (2017) <ref>{{Cite web |title=2017 Nominees |url=http://40under40awards.com.gh/nominee-list/ |access-date=29 November 2017 |website=40under40awards |archive-date=24 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190724093812/http://40under40awards.com.gh/nominee-list/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Kyautar Burt don Adabin Manya na Matasan Afirka (2017) (Mai Ƙarshe) * Kyautar Marubuta ta Ghana – Rukunin Gajeren Labari (2017) (Mai Ƙarshe) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Shortlisted Entries For 2017 Ghana Writers Announced |url=http://www.ghananewsagency.org/social/shortlisted-entries-for-2017-ghana-writers-awards-announced-123485 |access-date=29 November 2017 |website=Ghana News Agency}}</ref> * Kyautar Burt don Babban Matasan Afirka (2017) (Kyautar Daraja) <ref>{{Cite web |title=CODE's Burt Award For African Young Adult Literature |url=https://www.burtaward.org/african-young-adult-lit |access-date=29 November 2017 |website=CODE Burt Literary Awards |archive-date=24 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190724093820/https://www.burtaward.org/african-young-adult-lit |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Kyautar Burt don Adabin Afirka (2015) (Kyautar Farko) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Celebrating the Winners of the 2015-16 Burt Award for African Literature |url=https://www.burtaward.org/celebrating-the-winners-of-the-2015-16-burt-award-for-african-literature |access-date=29 November 2017 |website=CODE Burt Literary Awards |archive-date=24 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190724093821/https://www.burtaward.org/celebrating-the-winners-of-the-2015-16-burt-award-for-african-literature |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Kyautar Burt don Adabin Afirka (2014) (Kyauta ta Biyu) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ghanaian Writers Pick Awards |url=https://www.modernghana.com/news/644138/1/ghanaian-writers-pick-awards.html |access-date=29 November 2017 |website=Modern Ghana}}</ref> * Kyautar Burt don Adabin Afirka (2013) (Kyautar Farko) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Burt Awards 2013 Picture Gallery |url=http://www.ghanabooktrust.com/picture-gallery/nggallery/thumbnails |access-date=29 November 2017 |website=Ghana Book Trust |archive-date=1 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201035202/http://www.ghanabooktrust.com/picture-gallery/nggallery/thumbnails |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Kyautar Burt don Adabin Afirka (2012) (Kyauta ta Biyu) * Kyautar Burt don Adabin Afirka (2012) (Mai Girmamawa) * Kyautar Burt don Adabin Afirka (2011) (Kyauta ta Biyu) * Kyautar Burt don Adabin Afirka (2010) (Kyauta ta Uku) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Burt Award For African Literature - 2011 Winners For Ghana |url=https://accrabooksandthings.wordpress.com/2012/02/28/burt-award-for-african-literature-2011-winners-for-ghana/ |access-date=29 November 2017 |website=Accra Books And Things}}</ref> == Nassoshi == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1982]] envwg78fhtqbwb15c25rnpc4j9z1du7 0 75422 829738 486262 2026-05-04T21:58:49Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829738 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Sarah_Chepchirchir_-_Paris_Half_Marathon_-_5245.jpg|thumb|Sarah Chepchirchir, 3rd Paris Half Marathon 2014]] '''Sarah Chepchirchir''' (an haife ta 27 ga Yuli 1984 a gundumar Nandi ) ' yar tseren nesa ce ta Kenya wacce ke fafatawa a gasar guje-guje da tsalle-tsalle a cikin nisa daga tseren 10K zuwa tseren marathon rabin. Ta fara sana'arta ta hanyar tsere a Faransa. A cikin 2008, ta sami manyan nasarori uku a cikin Saint-Pol, Auray-Vannes da Le Lion Half Marathon. Ta yi tasiri a wurin a cikin 2009, inda ta lashe Maroilles 20K da Auray-Vannes Half Marathon. Ƙarshen na biyu a Course Paris-Versailles, matsayi na uku a 20 Kilomitres de Paris, sannan mafi kyaun sirri na 71:54 mintuna a Reims à Toutes Jambes rabin gudun fanfalaki ya tabbatar da matsayinta a cikin manyan 'yan gudun hijira na ƙasar. <ref name="Tilas">[http://www.tilastopaja.org/db/atw.php?ID=64925&Season=2009&Odd=0 Sarah Chepchirchir]. Tilastopaja. Retrieved on 2013-10-15.</ref> [[Fayil:Sarah Chepchirchir - Paris Half Marathon - 5222.jpg|thumb|Sarah Chepchirchir]] A cikin 2010 kakar ta kasance a saman uku a Corrida de Langueux, Maroilles 20K da Lille Half Marathon - a karshen ta gudu a sirri lokaci mafi kyau na 69:27 minutes. <ref>Vazel, Pierre-Jean (2010-06-28). [http://www.iaaf.org/news/news/a-bekele-and-wangary-take-langueux-10km-title A. Bekele and Wangary take Langueux 10Km titles]. IAAF. Retrieved on 2013-10-15.</ref> Wannan ya taimaka mata ta samu zaɓenta na farko a duniya: a Gasar Marathon Rabin Marathon ta Duniya na 2010 ta 2010 ta zama ta goma sha ɗaya. Ta zama babban filin wasa a Auray-Vannes da Boulogne-Billancourt Half Marathon a waccan shekarar. Chepchirchir ta kasance a saman biyu na duk tseren hanyar Faransa a 2011, gami da nasarori a Le Puy-en-Velay 15K da Humarathon (inda ta gudanar da rikodin kwas da mafi kyawun sirri na mintuna 68:07). <ref>[https://www.arrs.run/HP_HumHM.htm Humarathon]. [[Association of Road Racing Statisticians]]. Retrieved on 2013-10-15.</ref> A fafatawa na biyu na kasa da kasa da ta yi wa Kenya, ta zo na biyar a gasar cin kofin nahiyar Afirka ta 2011 . <ref>[http://www.africathle.com/?q=fr%2Fcontent%2Fall-africa-games-jeux-africains-maputo-mozambique-11-159 All Africa Games Results] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250224021713/http://www.africathle.com/?q=fr%2Fcontent%2Fall-africa-games-jeux-africains-maputo-mozambique-11-159 |date=2025-02-24 }}. Africa Athle. Retrieved on 2013-10-15.</ref> A cikin 2012, ta yi tseren gudun fanfalaki na rabin mintuna 70 amma wannan ya isa kawai na uku a Paris da na biyar a Lille. <ref name="Tilas"/> Ta yi ikirarin rikodin kwas a 2013 Paris 20K tare da gudu na 1:05:03 hours, <ref>Vazel, Pierre-Jean (2013-10-13). [http://www.iaaf.org/news/report/chepchirchir-shatters-course-record-at-paris Chepchirchir shatters course record at Paris 20km]. IAAF. Retrieved on 2013-10-15.</ref> kuma ta ci Marathon Ndakaini a Kenya. <ref>[http://www.thepeople.co.ke/20916/kitur-chepchirchir-win-ndakaini-race/ Kitur, Chepchirchir win Ndakaini race]. ''The People'' (2013-09-15). Retrieved on 2013-10-15.</ref> A ranar 13 ga Fabrairu 2024 Sashin Mutuncin Wasannin ya sanar da cewa an samu Chepchirchir da laifin kara kuzari da testosterone, kuma an dakatar da shi daga wasannin motsa jiki na tsawon shekaru 12 daga Nuwamba 2023, ta kawo karshen aikinta yadda ya kamata. <ref>https://www.athleticsintegrity.org/downloads/pdfs/disciplinary-process/en/AIU-23-388-CHEPCHIRCHIR-Decision_FINAL.pdf</ref> == Mafi kyawun mutum == * 10K run – 31:25 minutes (2012) * 20 kilometres – 1:05:01 hours (2013) * Half marathon – 1:08:07 hours (2011) * Marathon – 2:19:47 hours (2017) == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{World Athletics}} == Nassoshi == [[Category:Haihuwan 1984]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] p6wmpt67gqmndfiz0fdywk5zzwt4was 0 75806 829938 709410 2026-05-05T07:56:09Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829938 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Infobox person|name=Sinach|image=Sinach.jpg|image_size=|landscape=<!-- yes, if wide image, otherwise leave blank -->|alt=Sinach in Johannesburg, 2016|caption=Sinach performing at Mosaiek Theatre in Johannesburg 2016|native_name=|native_name_lang=Igbo|alias=|birth_name=Osinachi Kalu|birth_date={{Birth date and age|df=yes|1972|03|30}}|birth_place=|origin=[[Afikpo South]], [[Ebonyi State]], [[Nigeria]]|death_date=<!-- {{death date and age|df=yes|1972|03|30|2022|04|09}} (death date 1st) -->|death_place=|genre={{hlist|[[Gospel music|Gospel]]|[[Contemporary worship music|worship]]}}|occupation={{hlist|Singer|songwriter|worship leader}}|instrument=Vocals|years_active=1994–present|label={{hlist|Loveworld|SLIC}}|associated_acts=|website={{plainlist| * * {{URL|sinachmusic.com}} }}}}'''Osinachi Kalu Okoro Egbu''', <ref>{{Cite web |title=Dove Awards name for King & Country top artist |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/wireStory/dove-awards-king-country-top-artist-73936832 |website=[[ABC News]]}}</ref> da aka sani da sana'a da '''Sinach''', (an haife ta 30 Maris 1972) mawakiya ne na Najeriya, marubuciya kuma babban jagoran ibada, tana aiki a wannan matsayi sama da shekaru 30. <ref name="DailyMedia">{{Cite web |date=26 May 2016 |title=Who is Sinach |url=http://dailymedia.com.ng/biographyprofilehistory-singer-osinachi-kalu-popularly-sinach/ |access-date=26 September 2017 |website=Daily Media |publisher=DailyMedia Nigeria |archive-date=26 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171226192611/http://dailymedia.com.ng/biographyprofilehistory-singer-osinachi-kalu-popularly-sinach/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref name="9999carolsingers bio">{{Cite web |title=Sinach |url=http://9999carolsingers.com/index.php/sinach |access-date=3 June 2014 |publisher=9999CarolSingers |archive-date=6 June 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140606215628/http://9999carolsingers.com/index.php/sinach |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ita ce mawaƙaya ta farko da ta hau kan ginshiƙin Mawaƙin Kirista na Billboard na tsawon makonni 12 a jere. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Clarks |first=Jessie |date=5 June 2020 |title=Sinach Named Top Christian Songwriter For Twelve Weeks In A Row |url=https://www.thechristianbeat.org/index.php/news/7783-sinach-named-top-christian-songwriter-for-twelve-weeks-in-a-row |access-date=16 December 2020 |website=TheChristianBeat.org |language=en-gb}}</ref> Wakarta mai suna " Way Maker " ta samu nadin nadi uku kuma ta lashe kyautar wakar ta shekara a GMA Dove Awards karo na 51, wanda hakan ya sa ta zama [[Ɗan Nijeriya|'yar Najeriya]] ta farko da ta lashe kyautar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 November 2020 |title=2020 Dove Awards: Sinach's Way Maker emerges song of the Year |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/11/2020-dove-awards-sinachs-way-maker-emerges-song-of-the-year/ |access-date=27 March 2021 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-US}}</ref> Ta kuma lashe wakar BMI na bana, kuma a shekarar 2021 majalisar dokokin Amurka ta amince da ita yayin da ta ke rangadi a kasar Amurka. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-10-04 |title=Sinach gets US Congress recognition |url=https://businessday.ng/news/article/sinach-gets-us-congress-recognition/ |access-date=2021-10-04 |website=Businessday NG |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-10-04 |title=Sinach teams up with friends for annual concert |url=https://punchng.com/sinach-teams-up-with-friends-for-annual-concert/ |access-date=2021-10-04 |language=en-US |via=((The_Punch ))}}</ref> Ta fitar da kundi na studio guda 9 tare da wasu fitattun wakokin, wadanda suka hada da "I Know Who I Am", "Great Are You Lord", "Rejoice", "He Did It Again", "Precious Jesus", "The Name of Jesus", "This Is My Season", "Awesome God", "For This", "I Stand Amazed", "Simply Devoted" and "Jesus is Alive".<ref name="infogospelsinger">{{Cite web |title=Biography of Top Nigerian Gospel Singers |url=http://infogospelsinger.blogspot.com/ |access-date=3 June 2014}}</ref> <ref name="bio">{{Cite web |last=Sinach |title=Biography |url=http://www.sinach.org/profile |access-date=26 September 2017 |publisher=sinach.org |archive-date=11 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011110800/http://www.sinach.org/profile/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Fayil:Blessing Uchy.jpg|thumb|Sinach]] "Way Maker" ya kuma tara karramawa da kyaututtuka da yawa tun lokacin da aka sake shi a cikin 2015. Abubuwan gani na Way Maker a halin yanzu shine bidiyo na kiɗan Najeriya na biyu da aka fi kallo akan YouTube. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Uzonna Anele |date=28 October 2020 |title=Top 10 Most Viewed Nigerian Music Videos on Youtube (Updated: 2020) |url=https://listwand.com/top-10-most-viewed-nigerian-music-videos-on-youtube |access-date=1 November 2020 |website=Listwand}}</ref> A cikin Maris 2019, ya zama bidiyo na uku [[Ɗan Nijeriya|na Najeriya]] da ya sami ra'ayi miliyan 100 a YouTube a bayan [[Davido]] 's " Fall " da [[Yemi Alade]] 's Johnny " <ref>{{Cite web |last=Adewojumi Aderemi |date=July 3, 2019 |title=Sinach's 'Way Maker' Has Now Reached over 100 Million Views On YouTube |url=https://www.konbini.com/ng/music/sinach-reaches-100-million-views-youtube |access-date=5 April 2020 |website=Konbini Channels |archive-date=7 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200407203914/https://www.konbini.com/ng/music/sinach-reaches-100-million-views-youtube |url-status=dead }}</ref> "Way Maker" ya kasance sama da 60 mawaƙa Kirista kamar su Michael W. Smith, Darlene Zschech, Leeland, Bethel Music, da Mandisa da kuma cikin harsuna <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sinach Set To Host 1st Edition Of Annual Mega Concert |url=https://www.modernghana.com/nollywood/35690/sinach-set-to-host-1st-edition-of-annual-mega-conc.html |website=Modern Ghana}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Whitmore |first=Laura B. |date=31 January 2019 |title=Exclusive Premiere: Michael W. Smith Shares 'Waymaker' and Announces New Album, Awaken: The Surrounded Experience |url=https://parade.com/738213/laurawhitmore/exclusive-premiere-michael-w-smith-shares-waymaker-and-announces-new-album-awaken-the-surrounded-experience/ |website=Parade}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Leeland Announces Release of 'Better Word,' A New Live Album Out September 13 |url=https://www.newreleasetoday.com/news_detail.php?newsid=4135 |website=www.newreleasetoday.com}}</ref> A cikin 'yan makonnin farko na cutar ta Coronavirus da kuma kullewa a cikin 2020, Way Maker ita ce tafi zuwa waƙa, kamar yadda bidiyoyin bidiyo da yawa a asibitoci, an yi wuraren shakatawa tare da mutane da yawa suna rera waƙar. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Windsor |first=Pam |title=Michael W. Smith's Cover Of 'Waymaker' Becomes The Go-To Comfort Song In A Global Pandemic |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/pamwindsor/2020/05/22/michael-w-smiths-waymaker-becomes-the-go-to-comfort-song-during-the-global-pandemic/ |access-date=16 December 2020 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Bayan kasancewa a kan babban ginshiƙi na 100 na Kirista na Haƙƙin Haƙƙin mallaka na Duniya na tsawon watanni da yawa a cikin 2020, ta yi iƙirarin matsayi na 1 a watan Yuni kuma ya kasance har zuwa Disamba 2020, wanda ya mai da ita mafi yawan waƙoƙi a cikin majami'u a duk faɗin Amurka don 2020. <ref>{{Cite web |title=SongSelect by CCLI |url=http://songselect.ccli.com/ |access-date=16 December 2020 |website=songselect.ccli.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 July 2020 |title='Way Maker' reaches top spot in 'Christian Copyright Licensing International' |url=https://www.ugchristiannews.com/way-maker-reaches-top-spot-in-christian-copyright-licensing-international/ |access-date=16 December 2020 |website=UG Christian News |language=en-US }}{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Sinach ta sami takardar shaidar tunawa da Majami'ar Bangaskiya ta Baitalami yayin ziyararta zuwa Isra'ila a watan Disamba 2017. <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 December 2017 |title=Sinach honoured with "Bethelehem Hall Of Faith" Certificate of Commemoration |url=http://www.sinachmusic.com/news/sinach-honoured-bethelehem-hall-faith-certificate-commemoration/ |access-date=24 October 2019 |website=Sinach |language=en-US }}{{Dead link|date=March 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A watan Satumba na 2019, Sinach ya zama ɗan wasa na farko na bishara daga Afirka don ya zagaya Indiya, yana ba da jigogin kide-kide tare da dubban mutane da suka halarta. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 October 2019 |title=Sinach takes India |url=https://punchng.com/sinach-takes-india/ |access-date=8 October 2019 |website=Punch Newspapers |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Mayun 2020, ta zama 'yar Afirka ta farko da ta zama mai zane-zane da ta hau kan jadawalin ''Billboard'' Christian Songwriters. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nebianet Usaini |date=6 May 2020 |title=Sinach Becomes First African To Top Billboard 'Christian Songwriters' Chart |url=https://www.channelstv.com/2020/05/06/sinach-becomes-first-african-to-top-billboard-christian-songwriters-chart/ |access-date=7 May 2020 |website=Channels TV}}</ref> A cikin Yuli 2022, ta shiga Kwalejin Rikodin Grammy a matsayin memba mai jefa kuri'a. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Okogba |first=Emmanuel |date=2022-07-04 |title=Sinach joins Grammy Recording Academy as voting member |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2022/07/sinach-joins-grammy-recording-academy-as-voting-member/ |access-date=2022-10-09 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Rapheal |date=2022-07-08 |title=Excitement as Sinach becomes Grammy voting member |url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/excitement-as-sinach-becomes-grammy-voting-member/ |access-date=2022-10-09 |website=The Sun Nigeria |language=en-us}}</ref> [[Fayil:Talking Heads Remain In Light (1980 Sire publicity photo).jpg|thumb|Sinach a cikin mutane ]] A cikin Fabrairu 2023, gwamnatin Commonwealth ta Dominica ta ba Sinach a matsayin jakadan duniya, ta wata wasika da Firayim Minista, Roosevelt Skerrit ya sanyawa hannu. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Eleanya |first=Frank |date=2023-02-09 |title=Sinach appointed as Global Ambassador of Commonwealth of Dominica |url=https://businessday.ng/life-arts/article/sinach-appointed-as-global-ambassador-of-commonwealth-of-dominica/ |access-date=2023-02-10 |website=Businessday NG |language=en-US}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == === Rayuwar farko === Sinach ya fito ne daga [[Ebonyi|jihar Ebonyi]], [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya|a gabashin Najeriya]], kuma ita ce 'ya ta biyu da 'ya'ya bakwai. <ref>Claudia E. Dianou, [https://archives.beninwebtv.com/2019/03/voici-tout-ce-quil-faut-connaitre-de-la-figure-de-proue-du-gospel-africain-sinach/ Voici tout ce qu'il faut connaitre de la figure de proue du Gospel africain Sinach] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191215000310/https://archives.beninwebtv.com/2019/03/voici-tout-ce-quil-faut-connaitre-de-la-figure-de-proue-du-gospel-africain-sinach/ |date=2019-12-15 }}, beninwebtv.com, Benin, 16 March 2019</ref> Sinach ya fara waƙa ga dangi da abokai a cikin 1989 a matsayin abin sha'awa, yayin da yake aiki a matsayin ma'aikaci kuma memba na mawaƙa a Christ Embassy, Cocin Fasto Chris Oyakhilome. <ref>Bonface Nyaga, [https://nairobinews.nation.co.ke/chillax/i-know-who-i-am-sinach 'I know who I am' – Sinach]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, nairobinews.nation.co.ke, Kenya, 4 December 2016</ref> Ta yi karatun Physics kuma ta kammala a Jami'ar Fatakwal, Jihar Ribas, Najeriya. <ref>Naledi Sande, [https://www.herald.co.zw/nigerian-singer-sinach-to-perform-in-harare/ Nigerian singer Sinach to perform in Harare], herald.co.zw, Zimbabwe, 7 September 2016</ref> <ref name="Punch Newspapers">{{Cite web |last=Olusola Ricketts |date=12 August 2018 |title=I don't mind my gospel music being played in nightclubs – Sinach |url=https://punchng.com/i-dont-mind-my-gospel-music-being-played-in-nightclubs-sinach/ |access-date=22 September 2018 |publisher=Punch Newspapers}}</ref> === Rayuwa ta sirri === A cikin 2014, Sinach ta auri Joseph Egbu a gidanta na Cocin Christ Embassy. A ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 2019, a wurin bikin bayar da lambar yabo ta LIMA Fasto Chris Oyakhilome, ya sanar da zuwan ɗan fari na Sinach Rhoda. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-01-27 |title=Sinach Daughter - name, age, photos - Insidegistblog |url=https://insidegistblog.com/sinach-daughter-name-age-photos/ |access-date=2023-02-07 |website=insidegistblog.com |language=en-US}}</ref> == Aikin kiɗa == Tun tana yarinya, Sinach ta bayyana cewa ta yi mafarki, inda ta ga kanta tana rera waka ga dimbin jama'a, amma ba ta himmatu wajen bin wani abu na kida ba a matsayin sana'a ban da shiga kungiyar mawaka, kuma tana aiki a matsayin ma'aikaciyar gudanarwa a Cocin. Sinach ta rubuta wakoki da yawa kafin ta fitar da kundi na farko, ''Babi na daya'' a 2008. <ref>Isaac, [https://www.pulse.ng/gist/good-news-gospel-singer-sinach-set-for-the-altar/wwrttdv Gospel Singer Sinach Set For The Altar] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191215000303/https://www.pulse.ng/gist/good-news-gospel-singer-sinach-set-for-the-altar/wwrttdv |date=2019-12-15 }}, pulse.ng, Nigeria, 13 June 2014</ref> Wakar ta mai suna <nowiki>''This Is Your Season''</nowiki> ta lashe kyautar wakar da ta fi kowacce shekara a shekara ta 2008. Da take magana game da yadda ta zo da sunanta mai suna ''Sinach'', ta ce: "Na zabi hakan ne daga sunana Osinachi saboda yana da sauƙin furtawa da kuma jan hankali". <ref name="african voice">{{Cite web |date=5 January 2018 |title=Sinach set to rock London |url=https://africanvoiceonline.co.uk/sinach-set-rock-london/ |access-date=23 November 2020 |website=African Voice}}</ref> A cikin 2016, Sinach ita ce mace ta farko da ta karɓi lambar yabo ta LIMA Songwriter na Kyautar Decade, tare da sanin gudunmawarta ga kiɗan bishara a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata. Ana rera waƙoƙinta a ƙasashe da yawa, <ref name="KonnectAfrica">{{Cite web |last=daman Joshua Olayinka Bunmi |date=11 July 2014 |title=Osinachi Kalu "Sinach", An Extraordinary Nigerian Star. |url=http://www.konnectafrica.net/osinachi-kalu-sinach/ |access-date=26 September 2017 |publisher=konnectafrica.net |archive-date=1 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221001051420/https://konnectafrica.net/osinachi-kalu-sinach/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> an fassara su zuwa harsuna da yawa, a duniya. <ref name="LoveworldMusicTV">{{Cite web |last=Loveworld News |date=22 November 2016 |title=Gospel Artiste Sinach honored with Song Writer of the Decade |url=http://www.loveworldmusictv.com/gospel-artiste-sinach-honored-lima-awards-2016-songwriter-decade/ |access-date=26 September 2017 |publisher=Loveworld Music TV |archive-date=24 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200324110929/http://www.loveworldmusictv.com/gospel-artiste-sinach-honored-lima-awards-2016-songwriter-decade/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> A wannan shekarar, ta sami lambar yabo ta African Achievers' Award for Global Excellence. <ref name="BuzzNigeria">{{Cite web |last=Iheoma Hendy |year=2016 |title=Winners 2016 African Achievers Awards |url=https://buzznigeria.com/winners-2016-african-achievers-awards/ |access-date=26 September 2017 |publisher=Buzz Nigeria}}</ref> Har ila yau a wannan shekarar, a karo na biyu a jere, <ref name="GrooveAwards">{{Cite web |last=Groove Awards |date=12 December 2015 |title=Groove 2015 Winners |url=http://www.grooveawards.co.ke/groove-2015-winners/ |access-date=26 September 2017 |publisher=Groove Awards |archive-date=11 April 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180411203523/http://www.grooveawards.co.ke/groove-2015-winners/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> ta lashe kyautar Groove Awards a Afirka ta Yamma, kuma YNaija ta jera shi tare da Chris Oyakhilome, [[Enoch Adeboye]] a matsayin daya daga cikin manyan Kiristoci 100 masu tasiri. a Najeriya. <ref name="Ynaija">{{Cite web |last=Tolu |date=1 May 2017 |title=Yemi Osinbajo, Poju Oyemade, Chioma Jesus and more – See list of 100 Most Influential People in Christian Ministry in Nigeria |url=https://ynaija.com/yynaija-com-church-culture-present-100-influential-people-christian-ministry-nigeria/ |access-date=20 July 2017 |publisher=Ynaija}}</ref> A matsayinsa na marubucin waƙa, Sinach ya rubuta waƙoƙi sama da 200 kuma ya sami lambobin yabo da yawa. Wakar ta mai suna <nowiki>''This Is Your Season'' ta lashe kyautar wakar da ta fi kowacce shekara a shekara ta 2008. Daya daga cikin fitattun wakokinta shine 'Nasan Wanene'</nowiki>. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Biography Of Gospel Award Winning Songwriter, Vocalist & Singer Sinach – Daily Mail Nigeria |url=http://dailymedia.com.ng/biography-of-gospel-award-winning-songwriter-vocalist-singer-sinach/ |access-date=12 August 2017 |website=dailymedia.com.ng |archive-date=27 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171227215620/http://dailymedia.com.ng/biography-of-gospel-award-winning-songwriter-vocalist-singer-sinach/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> === Ayyukan aiki === Sinach ya yi kuma ya jagoranci kide-kide a cikin kasashe sama da 50 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sinach |url=https://open.spotify.com/artist/6hKHFC67DZJNw9tg1l0lIe |access-date=23 November 2019 |website=Spotify |language=en}}</ref> ciki har da Kenya, [[Dominika|Dominica]], Afirka ta Kudu, Amurka, Kanada, [[Antigua da Barbuda|Antigua & Barbuda]], [[Trinidad da Tobago]], [[Jamaika|Jamaica]], [[Grenada]], Uganda, [[Barbados]], Tsibirin Biritaniya, Zambia, Saint Maarten, Birtaniya da Indiya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sinach hold live concert in Uganda – Wazobians |url=http://wazobians.com/sinach-hold-live-concert-uganda/ |access-date=12 August 2017 |website=wazobians.com |archive-date=24 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210924173532/https://wazobians.com/sinach-hold-live-concert-uganda/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ita ma Sinach ta yi wasa a kasarta a cikin kwarewa wanda Babban Fasto na Majami’ar Metropolitan House on the Rock, Fasto Paul Adefarasin ya jagoranta, ta kuma yi rawar gani a taron mata na shekara-shekara wanda Funke Felix-Adejumo ta shirya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-01-08 |title=Winning Edge 2022: Funke Felix-Adejumo hosts Nathaniel Bassey, Ebenezer, Sinach, others |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2022/01/winning-edge-2022-funke-felix-adejumo-hosts-nathaniel-bassey-ebenezer-sinach-others/ |access-date=2022-02-06 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-11-24 |title=Moen, Sinach, others for The Experience |url=https://punchng.com/moen-sinach-others-for-the-experience/ |access-date=2022-02-06 |website=Punch Newspapers |language=en-US}}</ref> [[File:Pastor_Robert_and_Jessica_Kayanja_welcome_Sinach_in_Uganda_for_the_easter_music_performance_at_Rubaga_Miracle_Center_Cathedral_In_Uganda.jpg|thumb| Ana maraba da Sinach a Uganda don yin wasan kwaikwayo a ranar 15 ga Afrilu, 2014]] A daya daga cikin tattaunawar kwanan nan da dan jaridan waka Motolani Alake na Pulse Nigeria, Sinach ya bayyana yadda Allah ya kama ta cikin hidimar bishara ta hanyar shafan Fasto Chris Oyakhilome . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Gist |first=Yinka |title=How God Arrested Me Through Pastor Chris Oyakhilome |url=https://gyonlineng.com/how-god-arrested-me-through-pastor-chris-sinach/ |access-date=18 February 2021 |website=GYOnlineNG.COM |archive-date=21 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210221012650/https://gyonlineng.com/how-god-arrested-me-through-pastor-chris-sinach/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> A ranar 22 ga Disamba, 2020, a buki na uku na Kyautar Nishaɗi ta Afirka ta Amurka, ta lashe kyautar Mafi kyawun Mawaƙin Linjila. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ilado |first=Lucy |date=22 December 2020 |title=Africa Entertainment Awards USA 2020: All the winners |url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/africa-entertainment-awards-usa-2020-all-winners= |website=Music In Africa}}</ref> == Tallafawa == Sinach da mijinta sun kaddamar da gidauniyar Joseph and Sinach Foundation wadda ta fara aikin jinya a jihar Abia dake Najeriya tare da hadin gwiwar kamfanin hada magunguna na Emzor da gwamnatin jihar. Shirin ya samar da kiwon lafiya kyauta ga mutane 700. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ikokwu |first=Ogbonnaya |date=2023-08-22 |title=Otti hails free medical outreach in Abia, commends foundation |url=https://punchng.com/otti-hails-free-medical-outreach-in-abia-commends-foundation/ |access-date=2023-08-23 |website=Punch Newspapers |language=en-US}}</ref> == Albums == A cikin Fabrairu 2021, Sinach ta sanar da sakin kundi na 12th Studio, mai suna, GREATEST UBANGIJI wanda ke da manyan mawakan Linjila da yawa kamar su Maranda Curtis, Darlene Zschech, Nathaniel Bassey, Panam Percy Paul, Micah Stamley, Leeland da Jekalyn Carr . <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 February 2021 |title=Sinach reveals all-star lineup for new album |url=https://www.ugchristiannews.com/sinach-reveals-all-star-lineup-for-new-album/ |access-date=23 February 2021 |website=Breaking news on Christianity in Uganda and World |language=en-US |archive-date=21 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210221230020/https://www.ugchristiannews.com/sinach-reveals-all-star-lineup-for-new-album/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;font-size: 9pt" |+ !YEAR OF RELEASE !ALBUM<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sinach on Apple Music |url=https://music.apple.com/us/artist/sinach/519026522 |access-date=2021-06-09 |website=Apple Music |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Download Latest Sinach Songs 2020 / 2021 » Gospel Songs MP3 |url=https://amenradio.net/artiste/sinach-songs/ |access-date=2021-06-09 |website=Gospel Songs MP3 |language=en-US}}</ref> !TYPE OF RECORDING |- |2007 |Chapter One |Studio Album |- |2010 |I'm Blessed |Studio Album |- |2011 |From Glory to Glory |Live |- |2012 |Shout it Loud |Live |- |2013 |Sinach at Christmas |Studio Album |- |2014 |The Name of Jesus |Live |- |2016 |Way Maker |Single |- |2018 |There's an Overflow |Live |- |2019 |Great God – Live in London |Live |- |2020 |Acoustics – Volume 1 |Acoustics |- |2020 |Acoustics – Volume 2 |Acoustics |- |2021 |Greatest Lord<ref>{{Cite web |title=Acclaimed writer Sinach releases new album 'Greatest Lord' |url=https://www.wnypapers.com/news/article/current/2021/04/01/146085/acclaimed-writer-sinach-releases-new-album-greatest-lord |access-date=2021-04-15 |website=Niagara Frontier Publications}}</ref> |Studio |- |2021 |Live At Easter |Live |} == Kyaututtuka da zaɓe == * 2016 LIMA Songwriter of the Decade Award<ref name="KonnectAfrica"/> * 2016 Groove Awards Western Africa Artist of the Year<ref name="Ynaija"/> * 2016 African Achievers' Award for Global Excellence<ref name="BuzzNigeria"/> * Top 100 Influential Christians in Nigeria.<ref name="Ynaija" /> * 2019 LIMA Song of the Year<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 November 2019 |title=Gospel singer, Sinach welcomes 1st child at 46 |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/gospel-singer-sinach-welcomes-1st-child-at-46/3hcggy3 |access-date=23 November 2019 |website=Pulse Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=18 November 2019 |title=Loveworld Music Awards (LIMA 2019) Beats All Expectations |url=https://onlinenigeria.com/stories/61619-loveworld-music-awards-lima-2019-beats-all-expectations.html |access-date=23 November 2019 |website=OnlineNigeria.com |language=en-US |archive-date=24 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200324110927/https://onlinenigeria.com/stories/61619-loveworld-music-awards-lima-2019-beats-all-expectations.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> * 2020 Dove Awards Song of the year<ref name="DoveAwards">{{Cite web |last=Dove Awards |date=30 October 2020 |title=The 51st Annual GMA Dove Awards |url=https://doveawards.com/awards/2020-winners |access-date=1 November 2020 |website=Dove Awards |archive-date=30 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211130071558/https://doveawards.com/awards/2020-winners/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Duba kuma == * List of Igbo people * List of Nigerian gospel musicians * [[Jerin mawakan Najeriya|List of Nigerian musicians]] * List of people from Ebonyi State == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{Official website|http://sinach.org}} * Sinach's channel on YouTube * [https://amenradio.net/artiste/sinach-songs/ Sinach Full Songs & Album] == Nassoshi == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1972]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] l2olra3dihxok8s5mvb3ct4s650aee2 0 76346 830084 411940 2026-05-05T10:22:27Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 830084 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Souleymane Jean Sané''' (an haife shi a ranar 26 ga watan Fabrairu shekara ta 1961) tsohon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon]] ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Senegal wanda ya taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba . Shi ne mahaifin dan wasan gaban Jamus [[Leroy Sané]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Zocher, Thomas |date=25 March 2014 |title=Schalke reward academy star Leroy Sane with two-year deal |url=http://www1.skysports.com/football/news/11887/9231944/transfer-news-schalke-reward-academy-star-leroy-sane-with-two-year-deal |access-date=26 April 2014 |website=SkySports.com}}</ref> == Sana'ar wasa == An haifi Sané ga jami'an diflomasiyyar Senegal, kuma ya koma Faransa yana da shekaru hudu. Ya zabi zama dan wasan kwallon kafa, wanda ya ba mahaifinsa rai, kuma ya buga kwallon kafa a matakin mai son. A cikin 1982, an kira shi zuwa aikin soja, kuma bisa ga doka yana iya zama kusa da gidansa a matsayin ɗan wasa mai ban sha'awa. Don haka, FFF ta aika da takaddun da suka dace, amma saboda Sané yana hutun bazara a lokacin, ya kasa tuntuɓar iyayensa. An rasa aikace-aikacen, kuma an umurce Sané ya yi hidima a Jamus. <ref> name="espn">{{Cite web |last=Michael Yokhin |date=12 November 2015 |title=Leroy Sane shines for Schalke with Germany star wanted by Liverpool |url=http://www.espnfc.com/blog/espn-fc-united/68/post/2708268/leroy-sane-set-for-germany-debut-amid-liverpool-interest |access-date=4 January 2016 |publisher=ESPN FC}}</ref> Yayin da yake Jamus ya buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na ɗan lokaci don FV Donaueschingen, inda 2 suka zarge shi. Bundesliga SC Freiburg . Ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin ƙwararrun sa na farko a cikin 1985. A tsawon shekaru uku a kulob din, ya zira kwallaye 56 kuma ya kasance mafi yawan zura kwallaye a 1988. Sa'an nan kuma ya ciyar sau biyu a 1. FC Nürnberg, kuma a cikin 1990, ya sanya hannu kan SG Wattenscheid 09, sannan kulob din Bundesliga . An san shi da saurinsa, inda ya iya gudun mita 100 a cikin dakika 10.7, da kuma kasancewa daya daga cikin 'yan wasan Afrika na farko da suka taka leda a gasar Bundesliga. A cikin 1994, ya shiga FC Tirol Innsbruck, ya kammala a matsayin babban dan wasan Bundesliga na Austrian a karshen kakar wasa. Daga nan ya koma Wattenscheid na yanayi biyu. Sané ya taka leda a Ostiriya don Linz kuma a Switzerland yana wakiltar Schaffhausen a ƙarshen shekarun 90s. Zai koma kwarin Ruhr, inda iyalinsa suke, kuma ya yi wasa a ƙungiyoyin masu son sha'awa daban-daban a yankin. <ref name="espn">{{Cite web |last=Michael Yokhin |date=12 November 2015 |title=Leroy Sane shines for Schalke with Germany star wanted by Liverpool |url=http://www.espnfc.com/blog/espn-fc-united/68/post/2708268/leroy-sane-set-for-germany-debut-amid-liverpool-interest |access-date=4 January 2016 |publisher=ESPN FC}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFMichael_Yokhin2015">Michael Yokhin (12 November 2015). </cite></ref> A duka, ya zira kwallaye 51 a cikin wasanni 174 (West) na Jamus . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Matthias Arnhold |date=31 October 2013 |title=Souleyman Sané - Matches and Goals in Bundesliga |url=https://www.rsssf.org/players/ssanedata.html |access-date=19 February 2013 |publisher=Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation}}</ref> == Aikin koyarwa == Sané ya yi aiki a matsayin mai horar da 'yan wasan kasar Zanzibar daga 2008 zuwa 2011, kuma a matsayin koci-koci na DJK Wattenscheid a lokacin kakar 2009–10. <ref name="11Freunde"><templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">[http://www.11freunde.de/interview/souleyman-sane-ueber-sein-traineramt "»Der Samy ist da!«"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140523230726/http://www.11freunde.de/interview/souleyman-sane-ueber-sein-traineramt |date=2014-05-23 }} (in German). </cite></ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Sané ya auri Regina Weber, kuma yana da 'ya'ya maza uku, dukansu suna cikin makarantar matasa na Schalke 04 . <ref name="espn"/> 'Ya'yansa [[Leroy Sané]] da Sidi Sané ƙwararrun 'yan ƙwallon ƙafa ne. Yana da takardar zama dan kasar Faransa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 August 2016 |title=5 things you need to know about Manchester City target Leroy Sane |url=https://www.aol.co.uk/sport/2016/08/02/5-things-you-need-to-know-about-manchester-city-target-leroy-sane/?guccounter=1 |access-date=9 November 2020 |website=aol.co.uk |archive-date=9 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109072246/https://www.aol.co.uk/sport/2016/08/02/5-things-you-need-to-know-about-manchester-city-target-leroy-sane/?guccounter=1 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Girmamawa == '''Mutum''' * 2. Bundesliga wanda ya fi zura kwallaye: 1987-88 ( kwallaye 21) * Dan wasan Bundesliga na Kwallon kafa na Austrian : 1994–95 ( kwallaye 20 ) <ref>[http://www.weltfussball.de/spieler_profil/souleyman-sane/ Souleyman Sané] weltfussball.de, accessed: 28 March 2014</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1961]] 1yifkylib8derw3ynwk990yjsxbm4yp 0 76603 829725 817943 2026-05-04T21:42:10Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829725 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Sara Gubara ca. 1980.jpg|thumb|Sara Gadalla Gubara]] [[Fayil:Sara Gubara in 1963.jpg|thumb|Sara Gadalla Gubara]] '''Sara Gadallah Gubara Al-Faki Ibrahim''' (Arabic ; an haife ta a ranar 23 ga Afrilu shekara ta 1956) 'yar wasan ruwa ce ta Sudan kuma darektan fim. Ita ce mace ta farko ta Sudan da ta shiga gasar yin iyo ta kasa da kasa, kamar tseren yin iyo na Capri International a Italiya, kuma mace ta farko da ta yi iyo a Channel Channel zuwa Faransa, duk da cewa ta kamu da cutar shan inna tun tana yarinya. Bugu da ƙari ga aikinta na tsawon rayuwarta a matsayin 'yar wasa, ta zama sananniya a matsayin mace mai shirya fina-finai a ƙasarsu, ta fara taimaka wa mahaifinta, [[Gadalla Gubara]], kuma daga baya ta jagoranci fina-fakka nata. == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Sara Gadalla a Helat Hamd, Khartoum Bahri, a ranar 23 ga Afrilu shekara ta 1956. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Rouba.Abuamu |title=سارة جاد الله.. "أفضل إنسانة في الدنيا" وبطلة سباحة |trans-title=Sarah Gadalla... "the best person in the world" and a swimming champion |url=https://www.alaraby.co.uk/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87-%22%D8%A3%D9%81%D8%B6%D9%84-%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A9-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7%22-%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%A9 |access-date=4 February 2023 |website=Alaraby.co.uk/ |language=ar}}</ref> Mahaifinta, Gadalla Gubara, ya kasance mai ɗaukar hoto na Sudan, mai shirya fina-finai, darektan kuma mai daukar hoto.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 December 2015 |title=معرض(حياتي و السينما ) عن حياة و أعمال السينمائي جاد الله جبارة {{!}} صحيفة ريبورتاج الالكترونية |trans-title=Exhibition (My Life and Cinema) about the life and works of filmmaker Gadallah Jabara {{!}} Electronic Reportage Newspaper |url=https://www.reportagesd.net/?p=2731 |access-date=4 February 2023 |language=ar |archive-date=4 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230204011903/https://www.reportagesd.net/?p=2731 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Lokacin da take da shekaru biyu, ta kamu da cutar shan inna, wanda ya haifar da ƙafarta ta hagu ta lalace.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |title=كيف تغلبت فتاة من السودان على شلل الأطفال لتصبح بطلة دولية في السباحة |trans-title=How a girl from Sudan overcame polio to become an international swimming champion |url=https://www.unicef.org/sudan/ar/%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%81-%D8%AA%D8%BA%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AA-%D9%81%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A9-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%B4%D9%84%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B7%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%84-%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%A8%D8%AD-%D8%A8%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%A9/%D9%82%D8%B5%D8%B5 |access-date=4 February 2023 |website=www.unicef.org |language=ar}}</ref><ref name=":9">{{Cite web |last=von Schroeder |first=Katharina |date=27 August 2015 |title=Studio Gad: the value of visual memory |url=http://worldpolicy.org/2015/08/27/studio-gad-the-value-of-visual-memory/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421153327/http://worldpolicy.org/2015/08/27/studio-gad-the-value-of-visual-memory/ |archive-date=21 April 2021 |access-date=21 April 2021 |website=worldpolicy.org |language=en-US}}</ref> Ta hanyar umarnin likitan su, mahaifinta ya gabatar da ita ga yin iyo don taimakawa wajen rage nakasa ta dindindin da ƙarfafa halinta. [1]<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=سارة جاد الله المرأة التي صنعت المستحيل |trans-title=Sarah Gadalla, the woman who made the impossible possible |url=https://www.sudanjournal.com/%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%84%d9%87-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1%d8%a3%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d9%8a-%d8%b5%d9%86%d8%b9%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%ad%d9%8a/ |access-date=4 February 2023 |website=Sudan Journal |language=ar}}</ref><ref name=":3" /> Ta halarci makarantar firamare a makarantar Helat Hamd School for Girls sannan kuma makarantar Amirya Intermediate School for Girls a Khartoum Bahri. Ta halarci Makarantar 'yan mata ta Abu Bakr Sorour a Omdurman da Makarantar Sakandare ta 'yan mata. == Ayyukan yin iyo == [[File:Sara_Gubara_ca._1975.jpg|thumb|Gubara, {{Circa|1972}}]] A lokacin da take 'yar shekara shida, Sara ta zama ƙwararren mai iyo kuma ta shiga cikin abubuwan da suka faru a gajeren lokaci. Mahaifinta ya shiga cikin kulawa da ƙarfafa aikinta na wasanni.<ref name=":12">{{Cite web |last=مختار |first=الخرطوم ــ علوية |title=سارة جاد الله.. "أفضل إنسانة في الدنيا" وبطلة سباحة |trans-title=Sara Gadalla.. "the best person in the world" and a swimming champion |url=https://www.alaraby.co.uk/society/0aea2dc3-25c5-43bf-beec-61be46af30c5 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150308025302/http://www.alaraby.co.uk/society/0aea2dc3-25c5-43bf-beec-61be46af30c5 |archive-date=8 March 2015 |access-date=14 March 2019 |website=alaraby |language=ar}}</ref> Ta shiga kulob din wasanni na Al-Kawkab a Khartoum Bahri don yin iyo kuma Bayoumi Mohammed Salem ne ya horar da ita, wanda ya taimaka wajen bunkasa ƙwarewarta.<ref>{{Cite web |title=السبَّاحة سارة جاد الله ل (تقاسيم): (ظن مراكبية أبو روف أنني "جنّيَّة") |trans-title=Swimmer Sara Gadalla told (Taqasim): (Abu Rouf's boatman thought I was a "fairy") |url=https://www.sudaress.com/alintibaha/7084 |access-date=4 February 2023 |website=سودارس }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Ta horar da ita a [[Nil|Kogin Nilu]] da kuma gidan wanka na House of Culture, wanda ke kusa da [[Fadar shugaban Ƙasa, Khartoum|Fadar Jamhuriyar Republican]] a Khartoum. <ref name=":5"/> Bugu da ƙari, ta shiga gasar zakarun gajeren zango ta Jamhuriyar kuma, a shekara ta 1968, ta wakilci Sudan a cikin ƙungiyar motsa jiki ta ƙasa da shekara 16 a [[Nairobi]] kuma ta lashe matsayi na uku.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=30 January 2015 |title=رائدات سودانيات : السباحة سارة جاد الله .. صور كميات |trans-title=Sudanese women pioneers: Swimming Sara Gadalla .. Quantitative photos |url=http://sudaneseonline.com/board/490/msg/%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%a6%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b3%d9%88%d8%af%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%aa-%3a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%a9-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%84%d9%87-%2e%2e-%d8%b5%d9%88%d8%b1-%d9%83%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%aa-1449897144.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181007210545/http://sudaneseonline.com/board/490/msg/رائدات-سودانيات-:-السباحة-سارة-جاد-الله-..-صور-كميات-1449897144.html |archive-date=7 October 2018 |access-date=13 March 2019 |website=sudaneseonline.com |language=ar}}</ref> === Gasar kasa === A shekara ta 1972, Sara ta shiga ƙungiyar yin iyo a Al-Hilal Club, [[Omdurman]], kuma ta fara shiga gasar nesa. Ta shiga cikin yawancin waɗannan tseren, inda maza da mata masu iyo suka yi gasa a lokaci guda. An lissafa kyautar ga masu nasara na farko, na biyu da na uku, ba tare da la'akari da jinsi ba.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=31 May 2022 |title=أصبحت أيقونة للمرأة التي هزمت وتحدّت الصعاب سارة جاد الله.. السّبّاحة التي كادت أن تبتلع كيجاب!! – صحيفة الصيحة |trans-title=Sara Gadalla, the swimmer who almost swallowed Kijab!! – Al-Sayha newspaper |url=https://www.assayha.net/103857/ |access-date=4 February 2023 |language=ar}}</ref><ref name=":5"/> Bugu da ƙari, wasanta sun haɗa da tseren Jabal Awliya (kilomita 50), ɗaya daga cikin tseren da ya fi tsayi, wanda ya fara daga madatsar ruwan Jabal Awlia a kan Blue Nile kuma ya ƙare a Ginin TV a Omdurman. <ref name=":7">{{Cite web |title=سارة جاد الله المولودة في حلة حمد بتاريخ 23-4-1956 |trans-title=Sara Gadalla, born in Hillat Hamad on 4/23/1956 |url=https://forum.kooora.com/?t=24791823 |access-date=4 February 2023 |website=forum.kooora.com}}</ref><ref name=":6"/> A can, ta zo ta uku bayan masu iyo Abd al-Majid Sultan Kigab da Salim.[2] A cikin tseren Atbara (kilomita 30), ta zo ta huɗu gabaɗaya a matsayin mace ta farko da ta yi iyo, kuma daga Wad Madani zuwa Um-Sunat (kilomiti 30), ta zama ta biyu ga Kigab.[1] A cikin tseren daga Wad Nemari zuwa [[Dongola]] (30 km), wanda aka gudanar a lokacin bukukuwan Independence, ta zo a matsayi na biyu.<ref>{{Cite web |last=بكباش |first=سليمان |last2=Perishable |date=17 June 2021 |title=الرياضة النسائية السودانية، تاريخ من الصراع السياسي |trans-title=Sudanese women's sports, a history of political conflict |url=https://tajasport.com/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B6%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9/ |access-date=4 February 2023 |website=TajaSport |language=en-US |archive-date=4 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230204011915/https://tajasport.com/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B6%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Sara kuma ta fito fili a cikin salon da ya fi wuya na yin iyo, bugun jini, wanda ke buƙatar sassauci da ƙarfin jiki, inda ta kuma yi fice kuma ta sami rikodin. Rubuce-rubucen da aka rubuta a cikin sunanta sune bugun malam buɗe ido na mita 50, yin iyo na mita 100, da kuma mita 100 da 200 na baya. <ref name=":4"/><ref name=":3"/> === Gasar kasa da kasa === [[File:Sara_Gubara,_Beijing_1975.jpg|thumb|Sara Gubara a Beijing a 1975, na biyu daga dama]] A duniya, Sara ta wakilci Sudan a gasa daban-daban a Kenya, Burtaniya da China, inda ta lashe lambar zinare, ta zama ɗaya daga cikin mahalarta Sudan na farko a gasar yin iyo ta duniya. Koyaya, ta yi la'akari da tseren Maratona del Golfo Capri-Napoli na 1974 (kilomita 36) a Italiya mafi mahimmancin shiga kasashen waje, inda ta lashe matsayi na biyu a matakin masu son, <ref name=":2">The German review of a screening of ''Viva Sara!'' in Berlin in 2015 called this film "one of the most beautiful film moments of the year." – It described the story like this: "Sara, handicapped by polio, had taken part in the Capri-Naples swimming marathon as a young woman. 35 kilometres in the open sea. A good decade later, her proud father wanted to share this with 'Viva Sara'. As an incentive and hope for girls in Sudan, anything can be done." {{Cite web |last=Klingler |first=Nino |date=31 December 2015 |title=Die schönsten Retrospektivenmomente: Jahresrückblick (3) |url=https://www.critic.de/special/die-schoensten-retrospektivenmomente-jahresrueckblick-3-3983/ |access-date=21 April 2021 |website=critic.de |language=de}}</ref> da 23 (daga cikin 25) a cikin rukunin masu sana'a. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Maratona del Golfo Capri-Napoli results – 1974 {{!}} LongSwims Database |url=https://longswims.com/events/maratona-del-golfo-capri-napoli/1974/ |access-date=2023-07-10 |website=longswims.com |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=February 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A shekara ta 1975, ta wakilci Sudan a wasannin Beijing kuma ta lashe lambar zinare a cikin gajeren zango.<ref name=":0"/> Ta sake shiga cikin tseren ruwan gishiri na Capri-[[Napoli|Naples]] a shekara ta 1977 amma ta zo ta ƙarshe a cikin rukunin ƙwararru.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Maratona del Golfo Capri-Napoli results – 1977 {{!}} LongSwims Database |url=https://longswims.com/events/maratona-del-golfo-capri-napoli/1977/ |access-date=2023-07-10 |website=longswims.com |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=February 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> === Yin ritaya daga wasanni === Sara ta yi ritaya tare da lambobin yabo na kasa da kasa sama da 35 kuma ita ce mace ta farko ta Sudan da ta yi iyo a Channel Channel zuwa Faransa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=سارة جاد الله |trans-title=Sara Gadalla |url=https://arabwomensport.org/%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%84%d9%87/ |access-date=4 February 2023 |website=Arab Women Sport |language=ar}}</ref> Don rawar da ta taka a wasan motsa jiki na Sudan, Kwamitin Wasannin Olympics na Duniya a shekara ta 2008 ya ba ta takardar shaidar godiya, kuma an kuma girmama ta a cikin ƙasa da kuma duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=بمناسبة اليوم العالمي للمرأة وزيرالشباب والرياضه يكرم سارة جادالله |trans-title=On the occasion of International Women's Day, the Minister of Youth and Sports honors Sara Gadalla |url=https://sudanalyoum.com/%D8%A8%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A-%D9%84%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A3%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4/ |access-date=4 February 2023 |website=sudanalyoum.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=1 February 2022 |title=سارة جاد الله: التكريم فخر لنا والجامعة العربية للملتقى تؤكد وحدة العرب |trans-title=Sara Gadalla: The honor is our pride, and the Arab League of the Forum confirms the unity of the Arabs |url=https://alahdonline.net/%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%84%d9%87-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d9%83%d8%b1%d9%8a%d9%85-%d9%81%d8%ae%d8%b1-%d9%84%d9%86%d8%a7-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%b9%d8%a9/ |access-date=4 February 2023 |website=العهد أونلاين |language=ar}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=ملتقى رياضة المرأة يكرم السودانية سارة جاد الله |trans-title=Women's Sports Forum honors Sudanese Sara Gadalla |url=https://www.sahafahh.net/news12958111.html |access-date=4 February 2023 |website=www.sahafahh.net |language=ar}}</ref> Bugu da kari, Sara malami ne na duniya wanda aka amince da shi a fannin motsa jiki, mai tsaron rai da kuma mai kula da wasanni. Tun daga shekara ta 2003, ta yi aiki a matsayin babban sakataren kungiyar yin iyo ta Sudan. Bugu da ƙari, ita memba ce ta Kwamitin Mata na Gida da Ƙungiyar Kula da Lafiya ta Sudan. == Ayyukansa a matsayin mai shirya fina-finai == Biye da sawun mahaifinta a matsayin mai shirya fina-finai, Sara Gadalla ta fara shiga Kwalejin Fine and Applied Art (Khartoum), amma ba ta kammala karatunta a can ba. Maimakon haka, ta tafi karatun fina-finai a [[Cairo Higher Institute of Cinema|Cibiyar Nazarin Fim ta Alkahira]] a Misira kuma ta kammala karatu a shekara ta 1984 daga Sashen Animation a matsayin daya daga cikin matan Sudan na farko. Sara an dauke ta daya daga cikin daraktocin fina-finai na mata na farko da ba a saba gani ba kuma ta ba da gudummawa sosai ga tarihin fina-fakka a Sudan.<ref name=":8">{{Cite web |title=Sara Gadalla, My story |url=https://kushsudan.org/pf/my-story/ |access-date=19 February 2023 |website=Kushsudan.org |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=21 December 2019 |title=جادالله جبارة.. فنان سوداني شغفته السينما |trans-title=Gadalla Gubara..a Sudanese artist who was passionate about cinema |url=https://www.albayan.ae/paths/books/2009-10-24-1.483989 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191221212219/https://www.albayan.ae/paths/books/2009-10-24-1.483989 |archive-date=21 December 2019 |access-date=3 February 2023 |website=البيان}}</ref> === Yin aiki tare da mahaifinta === [[File:Viva_Sara.jpg|thumb|Sara da [[Gadalla Gubara]] a cikin shirin su '''Viva Sar''<nowiki/>' (1984) ]] A shekara ta 1984, Gadalla Gubara ta yi wani ɗan gajeren fim mai suna 'Viva Sara', wanda ke ba da labarin Sara, wanda, duk da nakasa ta jiki, ya zama ɗaya daga cikin 'yan wasa mafi kyau na Sudan.<ref name=":2"/> Taken fim din, 'Viva Sara', ya fito ne daga waƙoƙin goyon bayan masu kallo lokacin da Sara ta shiga cikin tseren Capri-Naples na 1974. [1] Har ila yau, taron ya yi wahayi zuwa fim din 1994, Sarahsarà na darektan Italiyanci Renzo Martinelli. [it] Bayan mahaifinta ya rasa idanunsa yana da shekaru 80, Sara ta taimaka masa da ayyukan fim dinsa na baya, <ref name=":11" /> gami da karɓar littafin Faransanci Les Misérables (2006) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Watch Les misérables {{!}} MoMA Virtual Cinema Streaming {{!}} MoMA |url=https://www.moma.org/calendar/events/7134 |access-date=19 February 2023 |website=The Museum of Modern Art |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bidoun |title=The Omega Man: Gadalla Gubara and the half-life of Sudanese cinema |url=https://www.bidoun.org/articles/the-omega-man |access-date=19 February 2023 |website=Bidoun |language=en}}</ref> da tarihin kansa "My life and the cinema. " <ref name=":11">{{Cite journal |last=Ellerson |first=Beti |date=2016 |title=African Women and the Documentary: Storytelling, Visualizing History, from the Personal to the Political |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2979/blackcamera.8.1.0223 |journal=Black Camera |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=223–239 |doi=10.2979/blackcamera.8.1.0223 |issn=1536-3155 |jstor=10.2979/blackcamera.8.1.0223 |s2cid=157593132}}</ref> na 2004 "The Lover of Light" kwatanci ne ga lalacewar idanun Gadalla Gubara da sha'awarsa na amfani da fim don wayar da kan jama'a. Ta shiga tare da wannan da wasu fina-finai biyu a bikin fina-fukkuna na Kampala na 2008.<ref name=":8"/> Bayan rushewar "Studio Gad" na mahaifinta ta gwamnatin Sudan a shekara ta 2008 bayan yakin shari'a na shekaru takwas kan mallakar ƙasa, Sara ta yi aiki don adana gadon fim din mahaifinta, wanda ya rubuta tarihin Sudan, ta hanyar neman dijital da adana fina-finai.<ref>{{Cite web |last=ب |first=الخرطوم-أ ف |title=ابنة المخرج السوداني جاد الله جباره تسعى لحفظ أرثه السينمائي |trans-title=The daughter of the Sudanese director, Gadalla Gubara, seeks to preserve his cinematic legacy |url=http://www.alwasatnews.com/news/1142003.html |access-date=4 February 2023 |website=صحيفة الوسط البحرينية |language=ar}}</ref><ref name=":9"/> Tsakanin shekara ta 2014 zuwa shekara ta 2016, babban bangare na fina-finai na mahaifinta ya samo asali ne {{Interlanguage link|Arsenal Institute for Film and Video Art|de|Institut für Film und Videokunst}} a [[Berlin]], Jamus, kuma an sake nuna su ga masu sauraro a Sudan da kuma kasashen waje.[de]<ref name=":03">{{Cite web |title=Arsenal: the film holdings of Gadalla Gubara (2013, 2016) |url=https://www.arsenal-berlin.de/en/living-archive/projects/the-film-holdings-of-gadalla-gubara-2013-2016.html |access-date=20 November 2019 |website=Arsenal – Institut für Film und Videokunst e.V. |language=en-UK}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Studio Gad Archive – The heritage of the Sudanese filmmaker Gadalla Gubara |url=http://studiogadarchive.com/ |access-date=20 November 2019 |website=Studio Gad archive |language= |archive-date=3 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191203114043/http://studiogadarchive.com/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> === Sauran shirye-shirye === A shekara ta 1985, Sara Gadalla ta yi aiki a gidan talabijin na Sudan bayan kammala karatunta daga Cibiyar Nazarin Fim kuma tana kula da sashen raye-raye. Ta kammala kimanin fina-finai uku ko hudu a cikin hanyar gargajiya ta zane da hannu. A shekara ta 1989, ta koma [[Saudi Arebiya|Masarautar Saudi Arabia]] bayan ta auri likita, inda ta jagoranci tallace-tallace da fina-finai. Bayan shekaru goma sha biyu, ta koma Sudan kuma ta kafa ɗakinta na Belissar Art Production, inda ta yi aiki a matsayin mai daukar hoto, darekta, da kuma edita.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=7 October 2018 |title=رائدات سودانيات : السباحة سارة جاد الله |trans-title=Sudanese women pioneers: Swimming Sara Gadalla |url=http://sudaneseonline.com/board/490/msg/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA-:-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%A9-%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87-..-%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%B1-%D9%83%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA-1449897144.html |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181007210545/http://sudaneseonline.com/board/490/msg/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA-:-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%A9-%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87-..-%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%B1-%D9%83%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA-1449897144.html |archive-date=7 October 2018 |access-date=3 February 2023 |website=SudaneseOnline}}</ref><ref name=":6"/> Ta ci gaba da kammala wani fim mai rai na ''Fatima Al-Samha'', sanannen labari na Sudan wanda daga baya ya zama batun wani fim mai raye-raye na Mai Elgizouli, mai shirya fina-finai na Sudan na ƙarni na gaba. Bayan haka, Sara Gadalla ta daina samar da fina-finai masu rai saboda tsadar kudi mai yawa kuma ta ci gaba da fina-fukki. Ta shiga cikin bukukuwa da yawa a Najeriya, Afirka ta Kudu, da Zanzibar. Musamman, Sara Gadalla ta yi shirye-shirye da gajeren fina-finai da yawa game da halin da mata ke ciki a Sudan da kuma al'adun al'umma masu cutarwa da aka yi musu, gami da yankan mata, wanda ta sadaukar da fina-fakkaatu takwas. Wadannan fina-finai an yi su ne don ilimantar da mutanen Sudan, musamman wadanda ke zaune a yankuna masu nisa, game da haɗarin wannan mummunar al'ada.<ref name=":1"/><ref>{{Cite web |last=بدر |first=دعاء |date=28 January 2022 |title=سارة جاد الله: التكريم فخر لنا ورعاية الجامعة العربية للملتقي تؤكد وحدة العرب |trans-title=Sara Gadalla: The honor is our pride, and the Arab League's sponsorship of the forum confirms the unity of the Arabs |url=https://tatweeg.news/السباحة-السودانية-سارة-جاد-الله/ |access-date=4 February 2023 |website=تتويج نيوز |language=ar}}</ref> Hakazalika, tana aiki a kan fim game da matan Sudan a duk fannonin siyasa, fasaha da wasanni, tare da mai da hankali kan mutane masu gabatarwa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 October 2016 |title=سارة جاد الله جبارة... قصة سينمائية وبطلة دولية منحت للمرأة السودانية مجدها |trans-title=Sara Gadalla is mighty...a cinematic story and an international heroine who gave glory to Sudanese women |url=https://www.france24.com/ar/20161030-%D8%A3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%85-%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%AC-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87-%D8%AC%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170103142352/http://www.france24.com/ar/20161030-%D8%A3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%85-%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%AC-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87-%D8%AC%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86 |archive-date=3 January 2017 |website=France24}}</ref> Kamar fina-finai na baya na mahaifinta game da wannan batu, Song of [[Khartoum]], ta yi fina-fukkuna da yawa game da biranen Sudan, kamar ɗaya game da Khartoom. <ref>{{Cite web |last=وكالات |first=بي بي سي- |title=سارة جاد الله ... بطلة دولية منحت المرأة السودانية مجدها |trans-title=Sarah Gadallah... an international heroine who gave glory to Sudanese women |url=https://www.hdhod.com/سارة-جاد-الله-بطلة-دولية-منحت-المرأة-السودانية-مجدها_a70725.html |access-date=4 February 2023 |website=الهدهد: صحيفة اليكترونية عربية بخمس لغات عالمية |language=ar}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta mutum == A shekara ta 1989, Sara ta auri Bla Abu Snena, kuma suna da 'ya'ya uku, Sami, Khalid da Samahir.<ref name=":1"/> == Bayanan da aka ambata == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 36tzppptt2e8ocqk7r3vi6bmoxoo73k 0 77935 829937 416230 2026-05-05T07:51:39Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829937 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Simoné du Toit''' (an haife shi a ranar 27 ga watan Satumbar shekara ta 1988) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Afirka ta Kudu. Mafi kyawun jefawa shine mita 17.13, wanda aka samu a watan Oktoba 2005 a Naboomspruit . A cikin jefawar tana da mita 53.07, wanda aka samu a watan Fabrairun 2006 a Roodepoort . == Nasarorin da aka samu == {| {{AchievementTable|Event=yes}} |- !colspan="6"|Representing {{RSA}} |- |rowspan=2|2003 |rowspan=2|[[2003 World Youth Championships in Athletics|World Youth Championships]] |rowspan=2|[[Sherbrooke, Canada]] |8th |Shot put |14.14 m |- |13th (q) |Discus throw |38.86 m |- |2004 |[[2004 World Junior Championships in Athletics|World Junior Championships]] |[[Grosseto]], [[Italy]] |13th (q) |Shot put |[[2004 World Junior Championships in Athletics – Women's shot put|15.16 m]] |- |rowspan=2|2005 |rowspan=2|[[2005 World Youth Championships in Athletics|World Youth Championships]] |rowspan=2|[[Marrakech, Morocco]] |bgcolor="gold" | 1st |Shot put |[[2005 World Youth Championships in Athletics#Girls|16.33 m]] |- |bgcolor="silver" | 2nd |Discus throw |[[2005 World Youth Championships in Athletics#Girls|52.10 m]] |- |rowspan=3|2006 |[[Athletics at the 2006 Commonwealth Games|Commonwealth Games]] |[[Melbourne, Australia]] |6th |Shot put |[[Athletics at the 2006 Commonwealth Games – Women's shot put|16.52 m]] |- |rowspan=2|[[2006 World Junior Championships in Athletics|World Junior Championships]] |rowspan=2|[[Beijing, China]] |4th |Shot put |[[2006 World Junior Championships in Athletics – Women's shot put|16.95 m]] |- |6th |Discus throw |[[2006 World Junior Championships in Athletics – Women's discus throw|52.39 m]] |- |rowspan=2|2007 |[[Athletics at the 2007 All-Africa Games|All-Africa Games]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.africathle.com/perso/events/ALGER_2007/ALG_results.html|title=Jeux africains 2007/ 2007 All africa Games|access-date=2024-04-30|archive-date=2016-08-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160822112627/http://www.africathle.com/perso/events/ALGER_2007/ALG_results.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> |[[Algiers, Algeria]] |bgcolor="silver" | 2nd |Shot put |[[Athletics at the 2007 All-Africa Games – Women's shot put|16.77 m]] |- |[[Athletics at the 2007 Summer Universiade|Universiade]] |[[Bangkok, Thailand]] |4th |Shot put |[[Athletics at the 2007 Summer Universiade – Women's shot put|16.80 m]] |- |rowspan=2|2008 |rowspan=2|[[2008 African Championships in Athletics|African Championships]] |rowspan=2|[[Addis Ababa, Ethiopia]] |5th |Shot put |[[2008 African Championships in Athletics – Women's shot put|15.33 m]] |- |bgcolor="cc9966" | 3rd |Discus throw |[[2008 African Championships in Athletics – Women's discus throw|47.10 m]] |- |rowspan=2|2009 |rowspan=2|[[Athletics at the 2009 Summer Universiade|Universiade]] |rowspan=2|[[Belgrade, Serbia]] |9th |Shot put |[[Athletics at the 2009 Summer Universiade – Women's shot put|14.75 m]] |- |14th (q) |Discus throw |[[Athletics at the 2009 Summer Universiade – Women's discus throw|51.27 m]] |- |rowspan=3|2011 |rowspan=2|[[Athletics at the 2011 Summer Universiade|Universiade]] |rowspan=2|[[Shenzhen, China]] |8th |Shot put |[[Athletics at the 2011 Summer Universiade – Women's shot put|16.78 m]] |- |8th |Discus throw |[[Athletics at the 2011 Summer Universiade – Women's discus throw|53.97 m]] |- |[[2011 World Championships in Athletics|World Championships]]<ref>{{cite book|author=Simon Barclay|title=13th World Athletics Championships – Daegu 2011. Complete Results & Athlete Reference.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gv1wAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA78|year=2011|publisher=*Lulu.com*|isbn=978-1-4709-4779-8|page=78}}</ref> |[[Daegu, South Korea]] |24th (q) |Shot put |[[2011 World Championships in Athletics – Women's shot put|15.83 m]] |}Simone ta dukan lokaci har zuwa nesa sun hada da har zuwa nesa ga mai shekaru 13 a duniya. Tsakanin duniya da ke kan gaba a Morocco a Wasannin Matasa na Duniya na 2006.Tarihin Afirka a cikin discus Na biyu mafi kyau na kowane lokaci a tarihin Afirka ta Kudu a cikin abubuwan da suka faru, harbi da discus. Simone ta kammala karatu daga Jami'ar Southern Methodist a [[Dallas|Dallas, Texas]] Disamba 2011.Ta samu nasara a matsayin 'yar wasan NCAA kuma ta tattara kyaututtuka da yawa na C-USA na mako.Simone ita ce mai karɓar babbar 'yar wasan ɗalibai ta shekara ta 2010 don All sports a SMU . <ref>{{Cite web |title=UJ scoops international sports star &#124; Supernews |url=http://www.supernews.co.za/uj-scoops-international-sports-star/}}</ref> Ta kasance tana aiki a QuickBooks a matsayin manajan HR da lissafin albashi. A zamanin yau tana ɗaukar hanyar da ta fi sauƙi a rayuwa tun lokacin da ta yi alkawari da Henry Brown, wani ɗan kasuwa mai cin nasara daga Centurion, Pretoria.Simone kuma tana horar da 'yan wasa a Hoerskool Kempton Park . Kungiyarta ta wadanda basu yarda da Allah ba ta kunshi kimanin 'yan wasa 20 daga cikinsu akwai' yan wasan SA da yawa. Simone tana da 'yan'uwa mata biyu, Danell du Toit da Chane du Toit wadanda dukansu suna zaune a Kempton Park.Danell du Toit, mai shekaru 16, tana zuwa makarantar sakandare da 'yar'uwarta ta halarta a Kempton Park. Mahaifin Simone, Boesman du Toit, tsohuwar 'yar wasan rugby ta Arewacin Transvaal da Transvaal ita ma ta kasance kocinta. Ya auri Mariaan du Toit kuma suna zaune a Kempton Park . Mariaan da Boesman suna da kamfanin inshora Y2k Finance wanda ke cikin Kempton Park. == Bayanan da aka ambata == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1988]] fdzfp99n3oadggg3lwexu9x0eb062r9 0 77962 829626 525319 2026-05-04T16:25:48Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829626 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Saadatu Hassan Liman''' farfesa ce a fannin ilimin addinin [[Musulunci a Najeriya]] kuma a halin yanzu mataimakiyar shugabar [[Jami'ar Jihar Nasarawa]] dake [[Keffi]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Kenechi |first=Stephen |date=2024 |title=Saadatu Hassan Liman becomes NSUK VC — first female in 22 years |url=https://lifestyle.thecable.ng/saadatu-hassan-liman-becomes-first-female-vc-at-nsuk/ |website=The Cable}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=Chris |date=2024-04-18 |title=NSUK gets first female Vice Chancellor |url=https://dailypost.ng/2024/04/18/nsuk-gets-first-female-vice-chancellor/ |access-date=2024-04-19 |website=Daily Post Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref> == Ilimi == Ta samu digiri na farko a fannin ilimin addinin musulunci a [[Jami'ar Jos]] a shekarar 1998.<ref name=":0" /> == Aiki == Saadatu ta fara aiki a [[Jami'ar Jihar Nasarawa|Jami’ar Jihar Nasarawa]] a shekarar 2002 kuma ta zama Farfesa a shekarar 2017.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Professor Sa'adatu Hassan Liman – Nasarawa State University, Keffi |url=https://nsuk.edu.ng/professor-saadatu-hassan-liman/ |access-date=2024-04-19 |language=en-US |archive-date=2024-04-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240419162548/https://nsuk.edu.ng/professor-saadatu-hassan-liman/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=":0" /> {{Stub}} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun Mutane]] [[category:Maluman Najeriya]] nt00jx3jtdqfvtxg768v8yhsz5fpd99 0 80534 829622 722820 2026-05-04T15:39:34Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829622 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Agbokim waterfalls.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:The village drill 1.jpg|thumb|Ruwan Gasa a Najeriya]] <ref>[https://washdata.org/data/household#!/ Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene (2019). Estimates on the use of water, sanitation and hygiene in Nigeria.]</ref>Ruwan ƙarƙashin ƙasa a Najeriya ana amfani da shi sosai wajen samar da kayayyaki na [[gida]], [[noma]], da masana'antu. Shirin sa ido na hadin gwiwa na samar da ruwa da tsaftar muhalli ya kiyasta cewa a shekarar 2018 kashi 60% na al'ummar kasar sun dogara ne da tushen ruwan karkashin kasa domin babban tushen ruwan sha: Kashi 73% a yankunan karkara da kashi 45% a birane. Biranen Calabar da Fatakwal sun dogara kacokan akan ruwan karkashin kasa wajen samun ruwansu. <ref>[http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/data/query/index.html?lang=en FAO (2016). AQUASTAT Main Database. Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations]</ref> kA iyasin jimillar albarkatun ruwan karkashin kasa da ake sabunta su a Najeriya na da sauyi. Hukumar Abinci da Aikin NomaKua Majalisar An kin Duniya (FAO) ta yi kiyasin cewa Najeriya na da albarkatun ruwan karkashin kasa miliyan 87,000 a kowace shekara. Hukumar Hadin Kan Kasa da Kasa ta Japan (JICA) ta kiyasta cewa jimillar cajin ruwan karkashin kasa a shekara shine miliyan 155,800 m3 a kowace shekara. Yin caji yana da sauyi a duk faɗin ƙasar kuma yawancin yanayi ne ke sarrafa shi: cajin ya yi ƙasa sosai a arewacin ƙasar saboda yawan iska da ƙarancin ruwan sama. == Yankuna masu Ruwa a ƙasa == === Ilimin ƙasa === Ilimin kasa a Najeriya ya hada da manya-manyan wuraren da duwatsun kasa na Precambrian ke kasancewa a saman kasa, Da sauran manyan wuraren da duwatsun kasa ke lullube da kananan duwatsu. A yankin arewa maso yamma, wadannan duwatsun da ke rikidewa sun kunshi manyan duwatsun da ke cikin Basin Sokoto (Yankin kudu maso gabas na Basin Iullemmeden), Wadanda aka yi su da duwatsun yashi da yumbu iri-iri, Wadanda ba su da yawa. A arewa maso gabas, manyan duwatsu da na Quaternary na tafkin Chadi sun ƙunshi dutsen yashi, siltstone da shale. A tsakiyar Najeriya, tare da rafin kogin Benuwai da Neja, Akwai tsaunuka na uku da na Cretaceous na Benue da Nupe Basin. Basin na Benue ya ƙunshi duwatsun yashi na nahiyar da aka lulluɓe ta hanyar ruwan teku da estuarine da na limestones, yayin da Basin Nupe ya ƙunshi manyan yashi na nahiyar, dutsen siltstones, dutsen yumbu da dunƙulewa.<ref name="AGA">{{Cite web |url=http://earthwise.bgs.ac.uk/index.php/Hydrogeology_of_Nigeria |title=Tijani M, Crane E, Upton K, Ó Dochartaigh BÉ and Bellwood-Howard I (2018). Africa Groundwater Atlas: Hydrogeology of Nigeria. British Geological Survey. Accessed 26 August 2019 |access-date=4 July 2024 |archive-date=16 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190216143439/http://earthwise.bgs.ac.uk/index.php/Hydrogeology_of_Nigeria |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>Adelana SMA, Olasehinde PI, Bale RB, Vrbka P, Edet AE and Goni IB (2008). An overview of the geology and hydrogeology of Nigeria. In: Adelana, S.M.A. and MacDonald, A.M. Applied Groundwater Studies in Africa. IAH Selected Papers in Hydrogeology Volume 13. Taylor & Francis, London, UK.</ref> A gefen tekun, a cikin rafin Neja-Delta, akwai ɗimbin ɓangarorin da ba a haɗa su daga Makarantar Sakandare zuwa Kwata-kwata ba, waɗanda suka haɗa da yashi maras ƙarfi zuwa matsakaici maras ƙarfi da tsakuwa tare da ciyayi masu sirara, daskararru, yumɓu da laka.. [[Fayil:Nigeria_Hydrogeology3.png|thumb|Hydrogeology na Najeriya a 1: 5 Miliyan Scale]] === Ginshiƙin aquifers === Duwatsun da ke ƙasa gabaɗaya suna samar da maɓuɓɓugan ruwa masu ƙanƙanta zuwa matsakaicin aiki inda ruwan ƙarƙashin ƙasa ya ta'allaka ne a cikin karaya, kuma galibi a cikin rigar yanayi, Wanda zai iya tasowa a cikin ƴan sama zuwa dubun mita. Rijiyoyin burtsatse a cikin magudanan ruwa na kasa galibi ana hako su zuwa zurfin mita 10-70, ya danganta da yanayin gida. Ingancin ruwa a cikin waɗannan magudanan ruwa yana da kyau gabaɗaya..<ref name="AGA"/> === Rashin ruwa === Duwatsun da ke ƙasa, mafi kusa da kudu, na Kogin Benue suna samar da magudanan ruwa masu matsakaicin ra'ayi inda ruwan ƙarƙashin ƙasa ya ta'allaka da karyewa. Abubuwan da ake samu na rijiyoyin burtsatse yawanci sun bambanta daga lita 2 zuwa 8 a cikin daƙiƙa guda (l/s), Amma na iya zama mafi girma ko ƙasa da wannan ya danganta da matakin karyewa da yanayin yanayi. Rijiyoyin ruwa suna zama a cikin gida kuma ba a tsare su ba, tare da rijiyoyin burtsatse daga zurfin 40 zuwa 150 m. Ruwan cikin ƙasa daga waɗannan magudanan ruwa na iya zama ma'adinai sosai. <ref name="AGA"/> Duwatsu a cikin Babban Basin Benue yawanci suna yin ƙasa da matsakaicin magudanan ruwa, Tare da rijiyoyin burtsatse suna bambanta tsakanin 1 zuwa 5 L/s. Ruwan cikin ƙasa ya fi girma intergranular kuma rijiyoyin burtsatse na iya bambanta a zurfin daga 30 zuwa 300 m. Ingancin ruwan ƙasa gabaɗaya yana da kyau.<ref name="AGA"/> Duwatsu a cikin Basin Nupe suna yin ƙasa da ƙasa zuwa maɓuɓɓugar ruwa. Ruwan cikin ƙasa galibi yana faruwa ne ta ramukan ramuka a cikin duwatsu, waɗanda gabaɗaya suna da ƙima mai kyau da siminti kaɗan, suna iyakance yuwuwar ruwan ƙasa. Inda manyan duwatsun yashi suka mamaye, ana iya samun amfanin 2 zuwa 4 L/s; Basal conglomerate gadaje na iya tallafawa mafi girma yawan amfanin ƙasa..<ref name="Offodile">Offodile ME (2002). Groundwater study and development in Nigeria. Mecon Services Ltd, Jos, Nigeria.</ref> Rijiyar burtsatse a cikin duwatsun da ke cikin Basin Sokoto na da sauyin yanayi sosai, amma yana iya zama matsakaici ko kuma mai fa'ida a inda tsakuwar yashi ya mamaye. Za a iya kulle ƙananan duwatsun yashi yayin da manyan yashi na sama ba su da iyaka. Samuwar Chadi, wanda aka samu a cikin Tekun Chadi, yana samar da matsakaicin matsakaicin ruwa mai wadatar ruwa, tare da yawan amfanin ƙasa har zuwa L/s 30. Gudun ruwan karkashin kasa yana da yawa intergranular kuma magudanan ruwa na iya zama ba a tsare ko a tsare dangane da yanayin gida. Mafi zurfin yadudduka yashi galibi ana tsare. Samuwar Gombe, kuma a cikin Basin Chad, tana da ƙarancin ƙoshin lafiya wanda ke samar da amfanin gona kusan 1 zuwa 5 L/s. Halin ruwa na dabi'a daga waɗannan nau'ikan biyu yana da kyau gabaɗaya. === Ruwa mai zurfi === Har ila yau, Dawatsu masu aman wuta na faruwa a Najeriya, inda suke zama ramukan ruwa masu kasa da matsakaici. Rijiyar burtsatse yawanci kasa da 3 l/s kuma ana iya hakowa zuwa zurfin kusan 15 zuwa 50 m. === Rashin ruwa da ba a haɗa shi ba === Duwatsu marasa ƙarfi, waɗanda galibi suna faruwa a cikin Tekun Neja-Delta na bakin teku da kuma manyan kwaruruka na kogunan, Suna samar da magudanan ruwa masu yawan gaske. Alluvial aquifers ba su da iyaka da teburan ruwa mara zurfi kuma sun fi kauri (mita 15 – 30) tare da kogunan Nijar da Benue. A cikin kogin Neja-Delta, Samuwar Delta ta sama ba ta da ƙarfi kuma galibi ba a tsare ta da tebirin ruwa mara zurfi (0-10 m ƙasa da matakin ƙasa). Tsohuwar Ƙasar Benin an haɗa wani bangare. Ba a tsare shi da yawa (a cikin gida an kulle shi ta ƙananan gadaje masu dacewa) tare da tebur na ruwa yawanci tsakanin 3 zuwa 15 m ƙasa matakin ƙasa, amma yana iya kaiwa zurfin 55 m. Rijiyoyin ruwa a cikin Basin Neja Delta na iya samar da amfanin gona daga 3 zuwa 60 L/s tare da zurfin rijiyoyin burtsatse daga 10 zuwa 800 m. Ana yin caji galibi kai tsaye daga ruwan sama. Abubuwan da suka shafi ingancin ruwa sun haɗa da salinity, saboda kutsawar ruwan teku, baƙin ƙarfe, da gurɓata ayyukan ɗan adam, musamman a cikin birane. == Matsalar Ruwan ƙasa == === Rashin Ruwa na ƙasa === Wani bincike da ma’aikatar albarkatun ruwa ta gudanar a shekarar 1996 ya gano kashi 63 cikin 100 na rijiyoyin burtsatse a Najeriya ne kawai ke aiki, inda da yawa ba sa aiki saboda gazawar famfo..<ref name="JICA">[https://libopac.jica.go.jp/images/report/12146544.pdf JICA (2014). The project for review and update of Nigeria national water resources master plan; Vol.2.]</ref> <ref name="MoWR">Ministry of Water Resources (2013). National Water Resources Master Plan</ref>Akwai batutuwan cikin gida game da wuce gona da iri na ruwan karkashin kasa, yana haifar da raguwar matakan ruwan karkashin kasa kuma, a wasu lokuta, karancin kasa. Wadannan sun fi yawa a cikin magudanan ruwa marasa ƙarfi a cikin biranen da ke gabar teku a kudu, ciki har da Legas da Fatakwal. .<ref name="MoWR">Ministry of Water Resources (2013). National Water Resources Master Plan</ref>Akwai matsalolin fari da ke haifar da raguwar matakan ruwan karkashin kasa, duka a lokutan rani, da kuma lokacin da ake dadewa na karancin ruwan sama. Wannan lamari ne na musamman ga magudanan ruwa na cikin gida, ƙananan ma'ajiyar ruwa, duka a arewa inda ruwan sama ya yi ƙasa da kuma a kudu, inda ruwan sama ya yi yawa. Tasirin tasirin sauyin yanayi kan matakan ruwan karkashin kasa, hade da sauya bukatar ruwa, an gane shi a cikin Babban Tsarin Albarkatun Ruwa na Kasa. <ref name="MoWR" /> === Ingancin Ruwan ƙasa === Gurbacewar ruwa a cikin ƙasa da ke da alaƙa da ayyukan ɗan adam (noma, sharar gida, masana'antu) batutuwa ne a cikin magudanan ruwa masu zurfi, musamman ma'adinan da ba a haɗa su ba, waɗanda ke da ƙarancin kariya daga ayyukan sama. Hakanan an yi rikodin al'amuran ingancin ruwan ƙasa na halitta. Misalai na wannan sun haɗa da babban salinity a cikin magudanar ruwa marasa zurfi saboda narkar da ma'adanai masu ƙafe da baƙin ƙarfe da yawa na manganese a cikin maɓuɓɓugan ruwa masu ƙarancin narkar da iskar oxygen (watau anaerobic). <ref>[https://www.bgs.ac.uk/downloads/browse.cfm?sec=9&cat=115 British Geological Survey & WaterAid. 2003. Groundwater Quality: Nigeria. WaterAid Groundwater Quality Factsheets by Country]</ref> === Ruwa mai zurfi === Akwai ruwa da yawa a Najeriya: # Iullemeden, Taoudeni / Tanesrout Aquifer Systems (ITAS), wanda Aljeriya, Benin, Burkina Faso, Mali, Mauritania, Nijar da Najeriya suka rab. # Ruwan ruwa na Chadi Basin Aquifer, wanda Kamaru, Afirka ta Tsakiya, Chadi, Nijar da Najeriya ke raba. # Keta Basin Aquifers, wanda Ghana, Togo, Benin da Najeriya ke rabawa. # Rijiyar Benue, Kamaru da Najeriya. # Gabar kogin Rio Del Rey, wanda Kamaru da Najeriya suka raba a bakin teku. # Rashin ruwa na Chadi, wanda Kamaru, Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya, Chadi, Nijar da Najeriya suka raba. # Keta Basin Aquifers, wanda Ghana, Togo, Benin da Najeriya suka raba. # Benue Trough, wanda Kamaru da Najeriya suka raba. # Kogin Rio Del Rey, wanda Kamaru da Najeriya suka raba a bakin tekun. Hukumar da ke kula da tafkin Chadi na kula da batutuwan da suka shafi tafkin Chadi kuma ana ci gaba da samar da wani tsarin kula da rafin Iullemeden, biyo bayan yarjejeniyar fahimtar juna na kafa hanyar sarrafa albarkatun ruwa mai hade da wannan magudanar ruwa..<ref>[https://www.internationalwaterlaw.org/documents/africa.html Memorandum of Understanding for the Establishment of a Consultation Mechanism for the Integrated Management of the Water Resources of the Iullemeden Taoudeni/Tanezrouft Aquifer Systems (ITAS) (Algeria, Benin, Burkina Faso, Mali, Mauritani, Niger, Nigeria), 2nd Council of Ministers of GICRESAIT Project, Abuja (Nigeria) 28 March 2014]</ref> == Gudanarwar Ruwa na ƙawa == Akwai hukumomi da yawa da ke da alhakin gudanar da ruwan kasa a Najeriya. Sun hada da: * Hukumar Kula da Harkokin Ruwa ta Najeriya (NIHSA) wacce ke da alhakin albarkatun ruwa (ruwa da ruwa na sama) kimantawa na kasar; yawanta, inganci, samuwa da rarrabawa a lokaci da sarari. * Hukumar Kula da albarkatun ruwa ta Najeriya (NIWRMC) wacce ke da alhakin tsara amfani da ruwa da rarraba. * Ma'aikatar albarkatun ruwa ta jihar da hukumomin samar da ruwa da tsabtace gidaje (RUWATSSAN), da ke da alhakin samar da ruwa ga jihohin su daban-daban. * Cibiyar Kula da Ruwa ta Kasa, wata hukuma ce ta Ma'aikatar Ruwa ta Tarayya, tana da alhakin horo, bincike da gudanar da bayanai da suka shafi ruwa gabaɗaya. * Dukkanin Hukumomin Ci Gaban Kogin, waɗanda su ma ma na Ma'aikatar Harkokin Ruwa ta Tarayya ne da ke da hannu wajen samar da ruwa ga yankunan karkara a cikin wuraren da suke da shi. Kungiyar Likitocin Ruwa ta Najeriya (NAH) ita ce hukuma wacce ke da alhakin aiwatar da tsari da kyawawan ayyuka a cikin bincike, haɓakawa da sarrafa albarkatun ruwa na Najeriya. Hukumar ta NAH na yada bayanai kan yanayin albarkatun ruwa na kasar ta hanyar taron shekara-shekara da wata jarida mai suna Water Resources. Ta hanyar zama memba na Kwamitin Kimiyyar Halitta da Hydrogeology na Kwamitin Fasaha na Kasa kan Albarkatun Ruwa (NTCWR), sashin fasaha na Majalisar Albarkatun Ruwa ta kasa (NCWR), NAH tana ba da gudummawa ga haɓaka manufofin albarkatun ruwa da dokoki, gami da Ruwa. Dokar Albarkatu ta 100 da ka'idojin ingancin ruwan sha na Najeriya. Hukumar Kula da Ruwan Ruwa ta Najeriya NIHSA, wata hukuma ce ta Ma'aikatar Albarkatun Ruwa ta Tarayya, tana da alhakin kula da ruwan karkashin kasa. Akwai shirin sa ido kan matakin ruwa na kasa mai dauke da wuraren sa ido guda 43, 32 daga cikinsu na dauke da masu tattara bayanai. Ana ajiye su a cikin ginshiƙan ƙasa da ruwa mai tsafta. Yawan sa ido a shafukan yanar gizo tare da masu tattara bayanai na yau da kullum, kuma wani lokacin sau biyu a kullum. .<ref name="MoWR">Ministry of Water Resources (2013). National Water Resources Master Plan</ref>NIHSA ta aiwatar da shirin hako sabbin rijiyoyin sa ido don lura da matakin ruwan karkashin kasa. Sabbin rijiyoyin burtsatse ya zuwa yanzu sun mayar da hankali ne kan magudanar ruwa da ake amfani da su wajen samar da ruwan sha a birane; tare da zurfin rami na 80 zuwa 100 m. Ana adana bayanan kula da ruwan karkashin kasa a hedkwatar NIHSA da ke Abuja. NIHSA kuma tana da alhakin saka idanu kan ingancin ruwa, amma har yanzu ba ayi cikakken shirin ba saboda rashin kayan aiki. Babban Tsarin Albarkatun Ruwa na Kasa ya fahimci matsalolin da ake fuskanta a halin yanzu a cikin ingantaccen saye da sarrafa bayanan ruwa na ƙasa, kuma ya ba da shawarar dabarun inganta wannan yanayin..<ref name="MoWR">Ministry of Water Resources (2013). National Water Resources Master Plan</ref> == Tushe == :  Wannan labarin ya ƙunshi rubutu dagaabun ciki kyauta aiki. An ba da lasisi a ƙarƙashin CC-BY-SA 3.0. Rubutun da aka karɓa dagaRashin ruwa na ƙasa na Afirka: Hydrogeology na Najeriya__hau____hau____hau__, Tijani M, Crane E, Upton K, O Dochartaigh BE, British Geological Survey. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] e3wjqii0hwbjjhgkextkecfz4j7dyfz 0 80621 829770 745491 2026-05-05T01:15:38Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829770 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Senan Hasan Qasem Abdelqader''' an haife shi a 30 Nuwamban shekara ta 1962) masanin gine-ginen Falasdinu ne kuma mai tsara birane. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2007-06-05 |title=Six-day war: Rory McCarthy talks to Senan Abdelqader, 44, architect in Beit Safafa |url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2007/jun/05/israel4 |access-date=2022-01-10 |website=the Guardian |language=en}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2007 ya shiga cikin São Paulo Biennale a Brazil, inda ya buga littafinsa mai suna ''Architecture of (in) Dependence.'' <ref>{{Cite web |last=Abdelqader |first=Senan |date=2007 |title=Architecture of (in)Dependence |url=https://www.senanarchitects.com/about |website=Senan Architects}}</ref> Abdelqader ya kafa kamfaninsa na Senan Architects a [[Jerusalem]] a shekarar 1995, da kuma [[Jaffa]] a 2015. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Abdelqader a ranar 30 ga Nuwamban shekarar 1962 a Tayibe, wani garin Larabawa da ke tsakiyar Isra'ila. Bayan kammala karatunsa na sakandare, ya koma [[Jamus]] ya fara karantar Injiniya a Jami'ar Hamburg ta Kimiyyar Kimiyya, kafin ya koma Jami'ar Kaiserslautern inda ya karanci gine-gine. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mayer |first=Kurt |title=Architecture of (In)dependency - Interview with Senan Abdelqader |url=https://mcgillasa.cargo.site/Architecture-of-In-dependency-Interview-with-Senan-Abdelqader |journal=McGill Architecture Students' Association}}</ref> == Ilimi == Abdelqader ya koyar a Jami'ar Tel Aviv a 1998, sannan kuma ya kafa in+ Formal Architecture Research Unit <ref>{{Cite web |title=Senan Abdelkader |url=http://learningfromjerusalem.bezalel.ac.il/component/k2/item/15-senan-abdelkader |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150731235311/http://learningfromjerusalem.bezalel.ac.il/component/k2/item/15-senan-abdelkader |archive-date=31 July 2015 |access-date=5 January 2021 |website=Bezalel.ac.il}}</ref> a cikin Bezalel Academy of Arts and Design a 2006. A shekarar 2011, ya zama baƙo farfesa a Dessau Institute of Architecture (DIA) a Jamus. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Übersicht |url=http://www.afg.hs-anhalt.de/architektur/studiengaenge/architecture-ma-dia/curriculum/1st-year-studios/informal-urbanism |access-date=5 January 2021 |website=www.hs-anhalt.de |language=de}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2016, [[Council for Higher Education in Israel|Majalisar Ilimi mai zurfi a Isra'ila]] ta ba Abdelqader matsayinsa na Farfesa, wanda ya sa ya zama Farfesa na farko a tarihin Falasdinawa a Isra'ila a fannin gine-gine. A cikin shekara ta 2018, Abdelqader ya kafa Cibiyar Nazarin Al'adun Larabawa a Kayayyakin Hulda) da Zane-zane da Gine-gine. <ref>{{Cite web |title=معهد دراسات الثقافة العربية في الفنون، التصميم والعمارة، بروفيسور سنان عبدالقادر، صباحنا غير، 19-10 |url=https://musawachannel.com/video/%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%87%D8%AF-%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%85-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D8%8C-%D8%A3%D8%AF%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%8C%D8%B5%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AD%D9%86%D8%A7-%D8%BA%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%8C19 |website=Musawa Channel}}</ref> Cibiyar tana aiki akan gina filin ilimi wanda ke ba da damar yin hulɗa tare da abubuwan gado na Larabawa da tsarin zamani gabaɗaya, musamman a Falasdinu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Institute for the Study of Arab Culture in Arts, Design and Architecture |url=https://www.arab-institute.com/ |website=Arab Institute |access-date=2025-06-21 |archive-date=2022-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106142333/https://www.arab-institute.com/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Manyan ayyuka == === Al-Mashrabiya Building, Jerusalem (2012) === Ginin Al-Mashrabiya, dake Kudancin Kudus, gini ne na zama da kasuwanci. Abdelqader ya bayyana ginin a matsayin "sake fassarar abubuwan gargajiya na gine-ginen Larabawa". Kamar yawancin ayyukansa, ginin al-Mashrabiya yana ɗauke da shi na sukar siyasa, zamantakewa, tattalin arziƙi da muhalli game da abin da ya ɗauka a matsayin zalunci kuma ba tare da tsare-tsaren tsare-tsare ba a gefe guda, da kuma al'adun gargajiya na mazan jiya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 October 2011 |title=The Mashrabiya House Beats the Heat with Traditional Arabic Technique - Green Prophet |url=https://www.greenprophet.com/2011/10/the-mashrabiya-house-palestine/ |access-date=5 January 2021}}</ref> == Rubuce-rubucen da aka zaɓa == ''Gine-gine na (a) Dogara'', 2007 == Manazarta == <references /> == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == {{Commonscat}} * {{Official website|http://www.senanarchitects.com}} * [https://xnet.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-5623047,00.html ''Xnet'', הבית שפונה פנימה: פרשנות חדשה לבנייה המסורתית בבאקה אל גרבייה, November 11, 2019] * [https://www.baitvenoy.co.il/document/222,259,2935.aspx ''Bait Venoy'', ״סגנון כפרי״? אין דבר כזה, January 24, 2016] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250421010353/https://www.baitvenoy.co.il/document/222,259,2935.aspx |date=April 21, 2025 }} * [http://www.haaretz.co.il/gallery/architecture/.premium-1.2728539#article-comments ''Haaretz'', מה גרם לאדריכל הפלסטיני הנודע לעזוב את ירושלים, September 10, 2015] * [http://www.thenational.ae/world/middle-east/rare-hope-for-palestinians-as-israel-approves-jerusalem-housing-project#page1 ''The National'', Rare hope for Palestinians as Israel approves Jerusalem housing project, April 14, 2015] * [http://www.archdaily.com/175582/the-mashrabiya-house-senan-abdelqader/ ''ArchDaily'', The Mashrabiya House / Senan Abdelqader, October 14, 2011] * [http://brownbook.me/layered-living/ ''BROWNBOOK'', Layered Living, 2012] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150715220400/http://brownbook.me/layered-living/ |date=2015-07-15 }} * [http://divisare.com/projects/18117-Senan-Abdelqader-Architects-Um-El-Fahem-Museum ''divisare'', A Museum as a Catalyst for Urbanization according to Senan Abdelqader, March 6, 2008] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150716005856/http://divisare.com/projects/18117-Senan-Abdelqader-Architects-Um-El-Fahem-Museum |date=July 16, 2015 }} * [http://www.panet.co.il/article/64264 ''Panet'', انتداب المهندس سنان عبد القادر للمشاركة في مؤتمر دولي, August 2, 2007]{{Dead link|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * [http://www.panet.co.il/article/97311 ''Panet'', سنان عبد القادر: يجب بلورة تصوّر معماري لمجتمعنا, December 8, 2007] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190228065641/http://www.panet.co.il/article/97311 |date=February 28, 2019 }} * [https://www.haaretz.co.il/gallery/1.1151956?lts=1641479146997 ''Haaretz'', סנאן עבדאלקאדר יתכנן את המוזיאון באום אל-פחם, November 6, 2006] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1962]] 2pwh0g6f6qqn3ahvup1oq5kazvg1xpg 0 81209 829652 721337 2026-05-04T20:37:39Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 3 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829652 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Samun damar yin amfani da bayanan jama'a da ' [[Yancin Bayanai|yancin yin bayani]] (FOI) suna nufin 'yancin samun damar bayanan da ƙungiyoyin jama'a ke riƙe kuma aka sani da "yancin sani". Ana ɗaukar damar samun bayanan jama'a da mahimmancin mahimmanci don ingantaccen aiki na tsarin dimokuradiyya, saboda yana haɓaka lissafin gwamnatoci da jami'an jama'a, haɓaka sa hannun mutane da ba da damar shigarsu cikin ilimin rayuwar jama'a. Tushen haƙƙin samun bayanan jama'a shi ne cewa bayanan da cibiyoyin gwamnati ke riƙe a zahiri na jama'a ne kuma ana iya ɓoye su ne kawai bisa dalilai na halal waɗanda yakamata a bayyana su cikin doka. <ref>[http://www.unesco.org/new/en/communication-and-information/freedom-of-expression/freedom-of-information Freedom of Information, UNESCO. {{Retrieved|access-date=2016-10-16}}]</ref> A [[Albaniya]] ƴancin samun damar yin amfani da bayanan jama’a yana da garantin tsarin mulki da kuma dokar ‘yancin samun bayanai da aka amince da ita a shekara ta 2014 da kuma samar da ingantaccen tsarin shari’a da ke tsara damar samun bayanan jama’a. <ref> name="ECPMF">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=12 January 2017 |title="A problem is its efficient implementation" |url=https://ecpmf.eu/news/ecpmf/interviews-balkan/rudina-hoxha-editor-follow-business-albania |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202043655/https://ecpmf.eu/news/ecpmf/interviews-balkan/rudina-hoxha-editor-follow-business-albania |archive-date=2 February 2017 |access-date=25 January 2017 |website=Ecpmf.eu |publisher=European Centre for Press and Media Freedom |quote=}}</ref> Duk da haka, duk da wasu gagarumin ci gaba wajen tabbatar da ‘yancin samun bayanai a cikin shekaru da suka gabata, akwai gagarumin rauni a cikin ayyukan tsarin da kuma aiwatar da dokar. Samun damar har yanzu kalubale ne a cikin ƙasa mai ƙaƙƙarfan al'adar sirri da sirri. == Fage == Albaniya ta ba da tabbacin tsarin mulki da na shari'a na 'yancin samun bayanai. Kokarin kafa tsarin tsarin mulki da na doka da ke tabbatar da ‘yancin ‘yan kasa na samun bayanan jama’a ya samo asali ne tun farkon shekarun 1990 lokacin da Albaniya ta mika mulki daga kasar gurguzu zuwa tsarin dimokuradiyya mai jam’iyyu da yawa. Kundin tsarin mulkin kasar, wanda ya fara aiki tun daga 1998, ya tanadi wannan hakki a cikin sashi na 23 kuma ya tanadi hakkin kowane mutum na samun bayanan da hukumomin gwamnati ke gudanarwa da kuma halartar taron jama'a. <ref> name="OSCE">{{Cite journal |last=David Banisar |date=April 2006 |title=Comments and Legal Regulations on Access to Information and State Secrets in Albania |url=https://www.osce.org/fom/18934?download=true |publisher=OSCE. The Representative on Freedom of the Media |access-date=25 January 2017}}</ref> A cikin 2004, majalisar ta zartar da Dokar 8503, ''Haƙƙin Bayanai game da Dokar Takaddun Takaddun Hulɗa'', ta zama ƙasa ta farko a yankin don ɗaukar doka kan 'yancin yin bayanai. A halin yanzu, ana tsara samun damar bayanai ta Dokar Haƙƙin Bayani da aka amince da ita a cikin 2014, wanda shine haɓaka dokoki da ƙa'idodi na baya. <ref> name="BIRN">{{Cite journal |date=April 2006 |title=Transparency in the Balkans and Moldova |url=http://www.balkaninsight.com/en/file/show/Transparency-in-the-Balkans-and-Moldova.pdf |publisher=Balkan Investigative Reporting Network (BIRN) |access-date=25 January 2017}}</ref> Albania kuma ta himmatu wajen tabbatar da haƙƙin samun bayanan jama'a ta hanyar yarjejeniyoyin ƙasa da ƙasa da dama. A cikin 2002, Albania ta amince da Yarjejeniyar Samun Bayanai, Shiga Jama'a a Yanke Shawara da Samun Adalci a cikin Al'amuran Muhalli ( Aarhus Convention ) wanda ke buƙatar ɗaukar dokoki kan samun damar bayanan muhalli. Bugu da ƙari, a matsayinta na memba na Majalisar Turai, Albaniya ta himmatu don yin biyayya ga shawarar 2002 kan samun damar yin amfani da takaddun hukuma. <ref name="OSCE">{{Cite journal |last=David Banisar |date=April 2006 |title=Comments and Legal Regulations on Access to Information and State Secrets in Albania |url=https://www.osce.org/fom/18934?download=true |publisher=OSCE. The Representative on Freedom of the Media |access-date=25 January 2017}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFDavid_Banisar2006">David Banisar (April 2006). [https://www.osce.org/fom/18934?download=true "Comments and Legal Regulations on Access to Information and State Secrets in Albania"]. OSCE. The Representative on Freedom of the Media<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 January</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span data-ve-ignore="true"> </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment" data-ve-ignore="true"><code class="cs1-code"><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Samfuri:Cite journal|cite journal]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment" data-ve-ignore="true">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">&#x7C;journal=</code> ([[Taimako: Kurakurai CS1|help]])</span> [[Category:CS1 errors: missing periodical]]</ref> == Tsarin Shari'a == Sabuwar Dokar Haƙƙin Watsa Labarai ta Albaniya masana da yawa sun tantance a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mahimman matakai na gaskiya da riƙon amana, wanda ke kawo dokokin Albaniya kusa da mafi kyawun ƙa'idodin ƙasashen duniya. <ref>name="IDFI">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=7 November 2014 |title=New Right to Information Law in Albania |url=https://idfi.ge/en/new%E2%80%93freedom%E2%80%93of%E2%80%93ifnromation%E2%80%93legislation%E2%80%93albania |access-date=25 January 2017 |website=Idfi.ge |publisher=Institute for Development of Freedom of Information (IDFI) |quote= }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=1 October 2014 |title=Albania Rights Groups Hail New New FOI Law |url=http://www.balkaninsight.com/en/article/new-foia-law-could-usher-era-of-transparency-in-albania |access-date=25 January 2017 |website=BalkanInsight.com |publisher=BalkanInsight |quote=}}</ref> Sabuwar dokar ta ba da damar samun dama ga jama'a don samun takaddun hukuma, kuma ta tsara tsarin hukunci ga jami'an gwamnati da suka ki bayyana bayanai. <ref> name="BIRN">{{Cite journal |date=April 2006 |title=Transparency in the Balkans and Moldova |url=http://www.balkaninsight.com/en/file/show/Transparency-in-the-Balkans-and-Moldova.pdf |publisher=Balkan Investigative Reporting Network (BIRN) |access-date=25 January 2017}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.balkaninsight.com/en/file/show/Transparency-in-the-Balkans-and-Moldova.pdf "Transparency in the Balkans and Moldova"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Balkan Investigative Reporting Network (BIRN). April 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 January</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span data-ve-ignore="true"> </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment" data-ve-ignore="true"><code class="cs1-code"><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Samfuri:Cite journal|cite journal]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment" data-ve-ignore="true">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">&#x7C;journal=</code> ([[Taimako: Kurakurai CS1|help]])</span> [[Category:CS1 errors: missing periodical]]</ref> Sabuwar dokar ta hada da sabbin dabaru, kamar yiwuwar sake rarraba takardun sirri, fitar da wani bangare na bayanai da kuma amfani da ICTs don sa bayanan da aka rike py na jama'a su kasance da kuma isa ga jama'a. <ref name="BIRN" /> Har ila yau, dokar ta kafa wajibcin nada kodinetoci domin samun bayanai daga kowace hukumar gwamnati da ke da alhakin kula da martanin hukumar game da buƙatun bayanai tare da samar da cibiyar kwamishinan haƙƙin bayanai da kare bayanan sirri da aka ɗora wa alhakin sa ido. sa ido kan bin doka da kuma ɗaukaka ƙungiyoyi da matakai a cikin lamuran ƙi ko bayyana wani ɓangare. <ref name="BIRN" /> <ref name="IDFI">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=7 November 2014 |title=New Right to Information Law in Albania |url=https://idfi.ge/en/new%E2%80%93freedom%E2%80%93of%E2%80%93ifnromation%E2%80%93legislation%E2%80%93albania |access-date=25 January 2017 |website=Idfi.ge |publisher=Institute for Development of Freedom of Information (IDFI) |quote= }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://idfi.ge/en/new%E2%80%93freedom%E2%80%93of%E2%80%93ifnromation%E2%80%93legislation%E2%80%93albania "New Right to Information Law in Albania"]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}. ''Idfi.ge''. Institute for Development of Freedom of Information (IDFI). 7 November 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 January</span> 2017</span>.</cite></ref> A karkashin sabuwar dokar kwamishinan yana da ikon yin amfani da takunkumin ladabtarwa ga wadanda suka karya ka'idojin da aka kafa a cikin doka. <ref name="IDFI" /> An karfafa tsarin takunkumi na rashin mutunta 'yancin samun bayanai tare da shigar da tsauraran takunkumin gudanarwa ga jami'an da suka karya doka. <ref name="IDFI" /> Bugu da ƙari kuma, sabon ya faɗaɗa fa'idar ma'anar kalmar "bayanan jama'a" da aka ayyana a matsayin duk wani bayanan da aka yi rajista ta kowace hanya da tsari, wanda hukumomin gwamnati ke kiyaye shi da ma'anar kalmar "hukumar jama'a" wanda a yanzu ya ƙunshi kasuwanci. kamfanoni inda jihar ke da mafi yawan hannun jari, da kuma duk wata hukuma ta doka da ke gudanar da ayyukan jama'a. <ref name="IDFI"/> An gabatar da aikin bugawa don wasu nau'ikan bayanai. <ref name="IDFI" /> Dokar ta kafa cewa ana iya yin buƙatun neman bayanai na jama'a da baki ko a rubuce. <ref name="BIRN">{{Cite journal |date=April 2006 |title=Transparency in the Balkans and Moldova |url=http://www.balkaninsight.com/en/file/show/Transparency-in-the-Balkans-and-Moldova.pdf |publisher=Balkan Investigative Reporting Network (BIRN) |access-date=25 January 2017}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.balkaninsight.com/en/file/show/Transparency-in-the-Balkans-and-Moldova.pdf "Transparency in the Balkans and Moldova"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Balkan Investigative Reporting Network (BIRN). April 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 January</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span data-ve-ignore="true"> </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment" data-ve-ignore="true"><code class="cs1-code"><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Samfuri:Cite journal|cite journal]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment" data-ve-ignore="true">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">&#x7C;journal=</code> ([[Taimako: Kurakurai CS1|help]])</span> [[Category:CS1 errors: missing periodical]]</ref> Samar da bayanai kyauta ne: doka ta baiwa ƙungiyoyin jama'a damar cajin kuɗi don kwafi; ba za a iya cajin kuɗin da za a iya amfani da shi ga isar da lantarki ba. <ref name="BIRN" /> Dole ne hukumomin gwamnati su ba da amsa a cikin kwanaki 10 daga ƙaddamar da buƙatar (a ƙarƙashin tsarin shari'a na baya yana da 40). <ref name="ECPMF">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=12 January 2017 |title="A problem is its efficient implementation" |url=https://ecpmf.eu/news/ecpmf/interviews-balkan/rudina-hoxha-editor-follow-business-albania |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202043655/https://ecpmf.eu/news/ecpmf/interviews-balkan/rudina-hoxha-editor-follow-business-albania |archive-date=2 February 2017 |access-date=25 January 2017 |website=Ecpmf.eu |publisher=European Centre for Press and Media Freedom |quote=}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://web.archive.org/web/20170202043655/https://ecpmf.eu/news/ecpmf/interviews-balkan/rudina-hoxha-editor-follow-business-albania ""A problem is its efficient implementation""]. ''Ecpmf.eu''. European Centre for Press and Media Freedom. 12 January 2017. Archived from [https://ecpmf.eu/news/ecpmf/interviews-balkan/rudina-hoxha-editor-follow-business-albania the original] on 2 February 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 January</span> 2017</span>.</cite></ref> Idan aka ki amincewa da bukatar, mai nema na da hakkin ya daukaka kara zuwa ga Kwamishinan sannan kuma zuwa kotu. <ref name="BIRN"/> Doka ta kafa keɓancewar haƙƙin bayanai, gami da dalilai na tsaro na ƙasa da dangantakar ƙasa da ƙasa da tsakanin gwamnatoci. <ref name="BIRN"/> == Samun damar bayanan jama'a a aikace == Duk da gyare-gyaren da sabon tsarin shari'a ya gabatar, har yanzu ana jiran ganin tasirin aiwatar da shi. A cewar 'yar jarida Rudina Hoxha, daya daga cikin matsalar ita ce hukumomin biyu da ya kamata su sanya ido a kan yadda ake aiwatar da dokar, ma'ana Kwamishinan Yada Labarai da Kare Bayanai da kuma Ombudsman, a gaskiya suna da hali na ba da shawara kuma duk da cewa bisa ga doka sun kasance. wanda ke da ikon aiwatar da takunkumi, wannan yana faruwa da wuya. <ref name="ECPMF"/> A cewar rahoton na 2016 na Mjaft Movement mai zaman kanta, cibiyoyin jama'a na Albaniya suna bin wajibcinsu na ba da bayanan jama'a a ƙarƙashin buƙatun FOI kawai a cikin 42% na lamuran. Don gwadawa da kuma sanya ido kan yadda ake amfani da sabuwar dokar, kungiyar ta gabatar da bukatu 230 na neman bayanai ga hukumomin gwamnati daban-daban, wadanda suka hada da cibiyoyin tsakiya, na gida, cibiyoyin shari'a da jami'o'in gwamnati. Daga cikin buƙatun 230, amsa 98 kawai aka samu. Kashi 80 ne kawai daga cikin waɗannan amsoshin suka bayyana bayanan da ake buƙata. Sauran 18 sun kasance lokuta na samar da bayanai da ba su cika ba. Rahoton ya gano cewa kananan hukumomin Albaniya ne suka fi fuskantar matsaloli da cibiyoyi masu rugujewa ta fuskar amfani da dokar ta FOI. Babbar matsalar ta shafi rashin bin wajibcin nada kodineta kan ‘yancin samun bayanai da babban rashin gaskiya kan al’amuran kasafin kudi da na kudi. == Duba sauran bayanai == * Samun damar bayanan jama'a a Turai * [[Yancin Bayanai|'Yancin bayanai]] * Dokokin 'yancin bayanai ta ƙasa * Fassara ikon mallakar kafofin watsa labarai a Turai * Media na Albaniya * Fassara ikon mallakar kafofin watsa labarai a Albaniya == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] ese0twvehz3yl2ustvarnu2jftoupz6 0 81404 829781 823806 2026-05-05T02:20:18Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829781 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Shan taba a kasar Sin''' ya zama ruwan dare, saboda [[Sin|Jamhuriyar Jama'ar Sin]] ita ce mafi yawan mabukaci da kuma samar da taba a duniya. {{As of|2022}}, akwai kusan masu shan sigari miliyan 300 na kasar Sin, kuma ana sayar da sigari biliyan 2.4 a can a kowace shekara, 46% na jimlar duniya.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=McLure |first=James |last2=Chan |first2=Jude |last3=Zou |first3=Manyun |last4=Giesen |first4=Christoph |date=13 September 2023 |title=How China became addicted to its tobacco monopoly |url=https://www.theexamination.org/articles/how-china-became-addicted-to-its-tobacco-monopoly |access-date=2023-10-02 |website=The Examination |language=en}}</ref> Kamfanin Taba na Kasa na kasar Sin ta hanyar tallace-tallace shine mafi girman masana'antar kayayyakin taba a duniya kuma yana alfahari da mallakar kasar Sin, yana samar da kusan dala biliyan 213 a shekarar 2022.<ref name=":0" /> A cikin tsarin ''guanxi'' na kasar Sin, taba har yanzu kyauta ce mai karba a kowane lokaci, musamman a waje da birane.<ref>Zachary C. Rich, and Shuiyuan Xiao. "Tobacco as a social currency: cigarette gifting and sharing in China." ''Nicotine & Tobacco Research'' 14.3 (2012): 258-263. </ref> Kula da taba sigari ya wanzu a matsayin haramtacciyar shan sigari, amma tilasta wa jama'a ba ta da yawa a waje da manyan biranen, kamar Shanghai da Beijing. Bugu da kari, a waje da manyan biranen kasar Sin, shan sigari ana daukarsa abin karba a ko'ina a kowane lokaci, koda kuwa ba bisa ka'ida ba ne.  {{Ana bukatan hujja|date=October 2023}}Shan taba al'ada ce ta zamantakewa a cikin PRC, kuma ba da sigari a kowane hulda na zamantakewa alama ce ta girmamawa da abokantaka. Kungiyar China kan Kula da taba sigari (中国控制吸烟协会 ) tana da hannu a kula da taba sigari ta hanyar mambobin bangaren sa kai, gami da kungiyoyin ilimi, zamantakewa da na jama'a, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chinese Association on Smoking Control |url=http://www.catcprc.org.cn/xiehuijianjie/enxiehuijianjie.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110924023931/http://www.catcprc.org.cn/xiehuijianjie/enxiehuijianjie.html |archive-date=2011-09-24 |access-date=2009-12-25}}</ref> saboda tilasta aiwatar da dokokin kula da taba da ke akwai ba ta da goyon bayan Gwamnatin kasar Sin. <ref name="ChinaSmoke">{{Cite journal |last=Cheng Li |date=October 2012 |title=The Political Mapping of China's Tobacco Industry and Anti-Smoking Campaign |url=http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/Research/Files/Papers/2012/10/25%20china%20tobacco%20li/25%20china%20tobacco%20li.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=John L. Thornton China Center Monograph Series |publisher=Brookings Institution |issue=5 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130524174933/http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/Research/Files/Papers/2012/10/25%20china%20tobacco%20li/25%20china%20tobacco%20li.pdf |archive-date=May 24, 2013 |access-date=November 11, 2012 |quote=...the tobacco industry is one of the largest sources of tax revenue for the Chinese government. Over the past decade, the tobacco industry has consistently contributed 7-10 percent of total annual central government revenues...}}</ref> == Dokar kula da taba sigari == [[Fayil:No_smoking_symbol.svg|right|thumb|120x120px|Alamar da ba ta shan sigari ta duniya ana watsi da ita akai-akai a kasar Sin]] A ranar 20 ga Mayu, 2009, Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta kasar Sin ta ba da shawarar hukuma don hana shan sigari gaba daya a duk ofisoshin kula da lafiya da wuraren kiwon lafiya a shekara ta 2011. <ref name="decision">Middleton, J. [http://tobacco.cleartheair.org.hk/2009/05/23/from-2011-smoking-will-be-banned-completely-in-the-medical-and-healthcare-system/ From 2011, Smoking Will Be Banned Completely in the Medical and Healthcare System] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090602083429/http://tobacco.cleartheair.org.hk/2009/05/23/from-2011-smoking-will-be-banned-completely-in-the-medical-and-healthcare-system/ |date=2009-06-02 }}. Clear the Air. 23 May 2009.</ref> Kafa shirin na 20 ga Mayu ya wakilci muhimmiyar alama a cikin sadaukarwar kasar Sin ga kula da taba. Koyaya, saboda rikitarwa na gwamnatin kasar Sin da manufofin taba sigari (alal misali, yankuna da yawa sun dogara da kudaden shiga na harajin taba sigari a matsayin tushen samun kudin shiga), akwai damuwa da yawa game da amfanin aiwatar da manufofin kasa.<ref name="7cities">Paddock, C. [http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/176355.php China To Ban Smoking In 7 Cities: Pilot Project]. Medical News Today. 18 January 2010.</ref> Baya ga ma'auni na 20 ga Mayu, gwamnatocin lardin da na birni da yawa a kasar Sin sun kuma kafa manufofi don sarrafa yaduwa da tasirin lafiyar shan sigari a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata. === Tasirin Yarjejeniyar Tsarin WHO kan Kula da Taba === A ranar 11 ga Oktoba, 2005, kasar Sin ta zama kasa ta 78 a duniya da ta tabbatar da Yarjejeniyar Tsarin WHO kan Kula da Taba sigari (FCTC), yarjejeniyar kasa da kasa da aka nufa don rage cututtukan da suka shafi taba sigari da mutuwa.<ref>Travis, K. [https://archive.today/20120709121415/http://jnci.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/97/19/1404 China Ratifies International Tobacco Treaty]. ''Journal of the National Cancer Institute''. Oxford University Press. 2005, 97 (19): 1404.</ref> A karkashin yanayin FCTC, ana bukatar kasar Sin ta haramta gaba daya "tabawa da tallafawa a rediyo, talabijin, kafofin watsa labarai da Intanet a cikin shekaru biyar, " da kuma hana kamfanonin taba sigari daga tallafawa abubuwan da suka faru ko ayyukan duniya. <ref name="WHO">[https://web.archive.org/web/20051031151058/http://www.wpro.who.int/media_centre/press_releases/pr_20050830.htm China joins the global war on smoking]. World Health Organization Regional Office of the West Pacific. 2005-2010.</ref><ref name="tobjour">[http://www.tobaccojournal.com/China_ratifies_FCTC.47216.0.html China Ratifies FCTC] ''Tobacco Journal International.'' World Tobacco. 29 Aug 2005.</ref> Har ila yau, kasar Sin ta yanke shawarar hana dukkan injunan sayar da taba, da kuma shan taba a wuraren aiki na cikin gida, wuraren jama'a, da motocin sufuri na jama'a. <ref name="tobjour" /><ref name="promote">Miao, X.; Cong, W. [https://web.archive.org/web/20100323200435/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/china/2010-03/10/c_13205579.htm Ahead of World Expo, China acts to promote smoking controls]. [[Xinhua]] News Agency. 10 March 2010.</ref> Duk da yaduwar matsalar shan sigari ta kasar Sin, tabbatar da FCTC a kasar Sin yana wakiltar muhimmiyar sadaukarwa ga kula da taba a cikin manufofin kiwon lafiyar jama'a na duniya. A cewar Dokta Shigeru Omi, Darakta na Yammacin Yammacin Pacific, "aikace Yarjejeniyar ba za ta kasance mai sauki ba, saboda shan sigari al'ada ce a kasar Sin ... amma Gwamnati ta bayyana jajircewarta na daukar mataki. " <ref name="WHO" /> A cikin hasken FCTC, damuwa game da hoton kasa da kasa, da goyon baya mai karfi daga 'yan kasa da hukumomin kiwon lafiya na cikin gida, gwamnatin kasar Sin ta kara shiga cikin rigakafin taba da shirye-shiryen inganta lafiyar da suka shafi taba. === Rahoton Ma'aikatar Lafiya === Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta riga ta ci gaba da kasancewa da hannu sosai wajen sukar mummunan tasirin shan sigari da kuma kokarin rage yawan amfani da taba. A ranar 29 ga Mayu, 2007, Ma'aikatar ta fitar da wani rahoto (2007年中国控制 shan sigari rahoton - Rahoton Kula da Shan sigari na 2007 China) wanda ke ba da cikakkun bayanai game da matakan firgici na bayyanar hayaki na biyu (wanda ya shafi sama da 'yan kasar Sin miliyan 540), shawarwari don doka don rage lahani daga hayaki na baya, da kuma yiwuwar aiwatar da haramtacciyar taba na jama'a bisa ga bayanan zabe.<ref name="ministry">[http://tobaccofreecenter.org/press_release/2007/05/29/chinese_health_ministry_releases_landmark_anti_smoking_report Chinese Health Ministry Releases Landmark Anti-Smoking Report] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110831063752/http://tobaccofreecenter.org/press_release/2007/05/29/chinese_health_ministry_releases_landmark_anti_smoking_report |date=2011-08-31 }}. Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids. 29 May 2007.</ref> Musamman, rahoton ya amince da yarjejeniyar kimiyya ta duniya game da hayaki na biyu, yana ambaton binciken da yawa daga hukumomin kiwon lafiya na jama'a a wasu ƙasashe <ref name="ministry" /> don tabbatar da cewa "babu wani matakin aminci na bayyanar hayaki na hannu na biyu", <ref name="ministry" /> cewa kayan aikin iska ba su da tasiri wajen rage lahani daga bayyanar hayakin hannu na biyu, kuma cewa mafi inganci na kariya ga jama'a game da shan sigari shine haramtacciyar doka ta shan sigari a wuraren jama'a.<ref name="seven">(Simplified Chinese) [http://www.moh.gov.cn/publicfiles/business/htmlfiles/wsb/pwsyw/200804/25920.htm 2007年中国控制吸烟报告发布] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120229133221/http://www.moh.gov.cn/publicfiles/business/htmlfiles/wsb/pwsyw/200804/25920.htm |date=2012-02-29 }} Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China. 2006.</ref> Tare da manufar da aka bayyana a bayyane na "gina mahalli marar hayaki don jin daɗin rayuwa mai lafiya", <ref name="ministry" /> rahoton ya sami goyon baya da yabo mai ƙarfi daga Kamfen don Yara marasa Taba, ƙungiyar bayar da shawarwari ta kiwon lafiya ta Amurka da ke zaune a [[Washington, D.C.|Washington, DC]].<ref name="seven" /> Bugu da kari, rahoton ya ba da shawarar yiwuwar samun nasara don aiwatar da cikakkiyar haramtacciyar shan sigari a cikin manyan birane guda bakwai bisa ga nuna goyon baya ga irin wadannan matakan.<ref name="ministry"/> Dangane da bincike na Kamfen don Yara marasa Taba sigari, bayanan zabe a cikin rahoton Ma'aikatar Lafiya sun bayyana: "Taimakon jama'a da yawa don aiwatar da wuraren jama'a marasa hayaki ... goyon baya ga haramcin shan sigari ya wuce goyon baya ga takunkumin shan sigari ... Daga cikin masu shan sigari, binciken ya gano cewa kashi 93.5% sun goyi bayan haramtacciyar haramtacciya a duk makarantu, kashi 75.5% sun goyan bayan haramtaccen haramtacciyan haramtacciyu a asibitoci, kuma kashi 94.3% sun goyi bayar haramtacciin haramtacciyo a duk sufuri na jama'a. Daga cikin wadanda ba masu shan sigari ba, kashi 95.1% suna goyon bayan haramtacciyar haramtacciya a duk makarantu, kashi 78.1% suna goyon baya ga haramtacciyan haramtacciyu a asibitoci kuma sama da kashi 93.8% suna goyon bayan hana haramtacciyyar haramtaccen sufuri na jama'a. Kimanin kashi 70.6% na wadanda ba masu shan sigari ba suna tallafawa wasu nau'ikan haramta shan sigari a mashaya da gidajen cin abinci.<ref name="ministry"/> === haramtacciyar kasa === Kodayake har yanzu kasar Sin tana bayan kasashe da yawa wajen aiwatar da manufofin kula da taba, shirin Ma'aikatar Lafiya na 20 ga Mayu ya taimaka wajen kafa karin kula da taba sigari da kuma tsara ikon kiwon lafiyar jama'a a manyan matakan gudanarwa.<ref>Walker, B. [http://www.ebusinessforum.com/index.asp?layout=rich_story&doc_id=11334&title=China+tobacco%3A+A+tough+habit+to+break&channelid=4&categoryid=30 China tobacco: A tough habit to break] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111026235953/http://www.ebusinessforum.com/index.asp?layout=rich_story&doc_id=11334&title=China+tobacco%3A+A+tough+habit+to+break&channelid=4&categoryid=30 |date=2011-10-26 }}. Global Technology Forum. 26 September 2007.</ref> Daga shekara ta 2009, an tsara ayyukan da Bloomberg Initiative ta tallafawa kuma Yang Tingzhong ya jagoranta a matsayin shirin farko don hana duk wani nau'in shan sigari a makarantun jami'a a kasar Sin.<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Yang T, Yang X, Lv Q, Zhao Q, Ke X |year=2009 |title=Special communication: China's first historic efforts to develop a tobacco control advocacy workforce via schools of public health |journal=Tob Control |volume=18 |issue=5 |pages=422–4 |doi=10.1136/tc.2009.031815 |pmc=2745560 |pmid=19622521}}</ref> "Sakamako" na Ma'aikatar ta nemi a hukumance hukumomin karamar hukuma da su "samar da hukumomin FCTC da ke jagorantar kananan kungiyoyi" don taimakawa tare da dabarun tilasta aiki na yanki, tare da bayyane burin cewa:<ref name="decision"/><blockquote>"a shekara ta 2010, duk ofisoshin kula da lafiya, na soja da wadanda ba na soja ba, da kuma akalla kashi 50% na dukkan cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya da kiwon lafiya ya zama raka'a marasa hayaki, don haka burin haramta shan sigari a duk ofisoshi na kiwon lafiya le cibiyoyin lafiya da kiwo da kiwon lafiyar jiki za a iya cika su ta hanyar 2011. "<ref name="decision"/></blockquote>"Sakamako" kuma yana karfafa ofisoshin kula da lafiya su yi amfani da albarkatun kafofin watsa labarai da kuma yin amfani da manyan kamfen din talla kamar Ranar Babu Taba sigari ta Duniya don "daidaita muhimmancin aiwatar da haramcin shan sigari a ofisoshin soja da na kiwon lafiya na farar hula da cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya". <ref name="decision"/> ==== Ra'ayi na jama'a ==== Kamar yadda kuri'un da aka yi daga rahoton Ma'aikatar Lafiya na 2007 suka nuna, akwai amincewar jama'a game da haramtacciyar shan sigari tsakanin mazaunan birane.<ref name="seven"/> Masana kiwon lafiya daban-daban, masu fafutuka, da kungiyoyin kare hakkin jama'a suna kallon kokarin da gwamnatin kasar Sin ke yi game da manufofin taba sigari a matsayin "labari mai kyau ga ci gaban kula da shan sigari na kasar". Har ila yau, akwai goyon baya mai kyau a cikin bangaren siyasa na wakilci; ana zargin, masu ba da shawara na siyasa na CPPCC sun kai ga kiran zaman majalisa ba tare da hayaki ba. <ref name="promote"/> Koyaya, yaduwar rashin kulawa da karbar ka'idodin shan sigari na iya zama mafi rinjaye a cikin yawancin jama'ar kasar Sin. Kasar Sin tana da karancin rashin amincewar jama'a game da shan sigari - bisa ga [[International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Project|Shirin Binciken Manufofin Kula da Taba na Duniya]] (ITC), "kashi 59% na masu shan sigari suna tunanin cewa al'ummar kasar Sin ba su yarda da shan sigogi ba, kashi na hudu mafi kasashe 14 na ITC da aka bincika. "<ref name="itc"/> ==== Rashin jituwa da batutuwan da ba a warware su ba ==== Idan aka ba da rikitarwa da kuma nau'o'i daban-daban na ajanda na siyasa a kasar Sin, abubuwan da suka shafi lafiyar jama'a na gwamnati galibi suna rikici da abubuwan da suka dace da tattalin arziki. Saboda taba ya kasance muhimmiyar tushen hadarin kiwon lafiya da kudaden shiga ga hukumomin birni da na kasa, <ref name="7cities"/> takamaiman manufofin kula da taba na kasar Sin a cikin mahallin daban-daban na iya cin amanar matsayi na rikice-rikice ko rashin daidaituwa. Misali, sau da yawa ana yin kebancewar gida ga haramtacciyar sigari a cikin gida ga kananan kasuwanni, musamman a cikin gidan cin abinci da masana'antun nishadi.<ref name="thi1">[http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/world-news/china-relaxes-smoking-ban-in-beijing-restaurants_10037716.html China relaxes smoking ban in Beijing restaurants] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220005250/http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/world-news/china-relaxes-smoking-ban-in-beijing-restaurants_10037716.html |date=2020-02-20 }}. Thaindian News. 14 April 2008.</ref> Irin wannan tilasta bin ka'idojin kiwon lafiya na jama'a da ake zaton an bayyana su sosai a aikace na iya iyakance tasirin haramtacciyar shan sigari ta kasa. A aikace, sau da yawa ana iya cewa wasu ofisoshin gwamnati, makarantu, gidajen tarihi, wasu asibitoci, da wuraren wasanni ne kawai ke aiki yadda ya kamata a matsayin wuraren da ba su da hayaki.<ref name="still">[http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/health1/60-percent-doctors-in-china-still-smoke_100354411.html 60 percent doctors in China still smoke] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200221163726/http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/health1/60-percent-doctors-in-china-still-smoke_100354411.html |date=2020-02-21 }}. Thaindian News. 27 April 2010.</ref> Bugu da kari, tushen al'adu na shan sigari a kasar Sin ya gabatar da babbar shinge ga karbar da hadin gwiwar manufofin kula da shan sigari. A cewar Li Xinhua, gwani a kan tallace-tallace na sarrafa taba da ilimi a Ma'aikatar Lafiya, "kimanin kashi 60 cikin dari na ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya da farfesa masu shan sigari ne [kuma ta haka ne a keta dokar da ke kira ga cikakken haramcin shan sigari na jama'a] ... Wasu daga cikinsu har ma da shan sigari da karfin zuciya a asibitoci ko makarantu. " Wannan matsala ce, ba tare da la'akari da wadannan masu sana'a suna ci gaba da shan sigogi ba, al'ada ba, ko "rashin kulawa" don sha'awar sha'awar taba sigari, har yanzu ana sa ran su "suka".<ref name="still" /><ref name="still" /> Har ila yau, aiwatar da manufofin kula da taba sigari na kasa har yanzu yana da yawa a yankunan karkara, inda Kamfanin Taba sigari na kasar Sin ke da yawancin tasirinsa a cikin samar da taba sigogi da talla.A matsayin martani ga shawarwarin FCTC don rage damar shiga da kuma samar da taba, Ma'aikatar Lafiya yanzu tana niyya ga manoma su bar gonar taba da kuma kokarin "tabbatar da su cewa masana'antar taba za a iya maye gurbin ta da wasu masana'antun da suka fi lafiya, masu dorewa da riba". <ref name="still"/> Wani cikas mai yuwuwa shine masana'antar taba sigari ta kasar Sin ba ta cika cikakkiyar bin manufofi da aka ayyana a cikin kasa game da gabatar da alamun gargadi a kan kunshin sigari, wanda dole ne ya kasance a bayyane kuma ya rufe akalla kashi 30% na yankin da ake gani na kunshin.<ref name="seven"/> Wu Yiqun, mataimakin darektan zartarwa tare da Cibiyar Bincike ta Tunanin Kula da Lafiya ta [[Beijing]], ta soki gwamnatin kula da masana'antar taba sigari ta kasar Sin saboda "[rashin] kula da masu samar da taba sigari na kasar Sin" a wannan bangare.<ref name="promote"/> Bugu da kari, [[International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Project|Shirin Binciken Manufofin Kula da Taba na Duniya]] ya kawo batutuwan shan sigari masu zuwa a cikin rahoton 2009 da ya mayar da hankali ga China: <ref name="itc"/> * Baya ga "matsi mai karfi na zamantakewa da aka sanya wa mazajen kasar Sin su sha sigari", ana sa ran cewa shan sigari na mata zai zama "mafi karba a cikin al'umma yayin da masana'antar taba sigari ke kara yin niyya ga masu shan sigari mata".<ref name="itc">[http://itcconference.com/ITCWorkshopResources/ITCprojectCountryBrochures/ITCChina4pagerV120single.pdf ITC China Summary]. International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Project. February 2009.</ref> Dokar kula da taba sigari ta yanzu a kasar Sin ba ta magana a bayyane game da jinsi ko tushen zamantakewa don shan sigari. * Dakatar da shan sigari "ba a saba gani ba a kasar Sin, kuma yawancin masu shan sigari sun daina shan sigari saboda rashin lafiya mai tsanani. " Lalle ne, "sanin hadarin lafiyar shan sigari yana da karancin gaske a kasar Sin. Kashi 68% na masu shan sigami sun yi imanin cewa shan sigari suna haifar da ciwon huhu a cikin masu shan sigogi (idan aka kwatanta da sama da 90% a Kasashen Yamma) kuma kashi 54% sun yi imani cewa shan sigogi yana haifar da ci gaban huhu a cikin wadanda ba masu shan sigiri ba. Kashi. Kashi 37% kawai sun san cewa shan sigiri suna haifar da Cutar zuciya kuma kashi 17% ne kawai suna haifar da [[bugun jini]].<ref name="itc"/> Don kula da karfi, mai dorewa a cikin kula da taba, kasar Sin za ta bukaci mayar da hankali kan rawar da ilimin kiwon lafiya na jama'a ke takawa wajen hana shan taba da inganta kiwon lafiya. * "Taxation hanya ce mai inganci sosai don rage amfani da taba. Koyaya, 'yan shan sigari kadan (5%) a cikin Binciken ITC China sun ba da rahoton tunanin farashi a matsayin dalilin barin shan sigari - alamar cewa farashi ya yi kasa sosai. " Dokokin haraji na yanzu a cikin manufofin kula da taba na kasar Sin suna da iyaka, ba daidai ba, kuma suna da alaka da tsarin tsarin mallakar gida da kula da samar da taba da rarrabawa. === Kuntatawa a cikin kafofin watsa labarai na lantarki === A ranar 12 ga Fabrairu, 2011, Hukumar Rediyo, Fim da Talabijin ta Jiha, ta ba da sanarwar cewa za ta haramta wuraren shan sigari marasa kyau a fina-finai da shirye-shiryen talabijin. Sanarwar ta ce al'amuran shan sigari ba su dace da matsayin kasar game da kula da taba sigari ba, kuma suna yaudarar jama'a, musamman yara. Don haka yana hana wuraren sigari, mutane suna shan sigari a wuraren da ba su da hayaki, yara suna sayen sigari da shan sigari, da sauran wuraren shan sigari da ke da alaka da yara. Bayan an yi sanarwar, haramcin ya fara aiki nan da nan.<ref name="smoking scenes">[http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2011-02/12/content_11996499.htm China moves to reduce smoking scenes on TV]. [[China Daily]]. 12 February 2011. Retrieved 13 February 2011.</ref> === Shirye-shiryen yanki da na birni === ==== Shanghai ==== Dangane da shirye-shiryen da take yi don karbar bakuncin baje kolin duniya na 2010, birnin [[Shanghai]] kwanan nan ya kara karfin dokokin hana shan sigari. Majalisar Jama'ar Shanghai ta ba da dokar kula da shan sigari ta farko a watan Maris na shekara ta 2010. Dokar ta haramta shan sigari a cikin nau'ikan wurare 12 na jama'a ciki har da shan sigari na cikin gida a makarantu, asibitoci, filayen wasanni, motocin sufuri na jama'ar jama'a da gidajen cin abinci na Intanet. Duk wanda aka kama yana shan sigari za a fara ba shi gargadi sannan ya fuskanci tarar yuan 50 zuwa 200 idan sun yi tsayayya. A cewar Li Zhongyang, mataimakin shugaban kwamitin inganta kiwon lafiya na Shanghai, an kafa haramcin shan sigari don kare lafiyar 'yan kasa da kuma inganta hoton Shanghai a matsayin birni mai duniya. A cewar wani rahoto daga Cibiyar Binciken Labaran Jami'ar Fudan da Ra'ayoyin Jama'a, kashi 93.5% na mutane 509 da suka yi hira da su sun goyi bayan haramta shan sigari a duk wuraren baje kolin Shanghai 2010 kuma sun ji cewa bai kamata a ba da izinin shan sigari ba a cikin gidajen cin abinci ko cibiyoyin cin kasuwa kusa da yankin baje kolin.<ref name="most">[http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/90001/90776/90882/6875993.html Most hope for smoke-free Shanghai Expo]. [[People's Daily]]. 22 January 2010.</ref> Wani binciken da masana kiwon lafiya na jama'a daga Jami'ar Fudan suka yi wanda ya shafi baki 800 na otal da kusan masu tallafawa 4,000 da ma'aikatan gidajen cin abinci, shagunan da wuraren nishadi a Shanghai sun gano cewa kusan kashi 73 cikin dari na baƙi na otal sun ce Shanghai ya kamata ta karbi haramcin shan sigari a wuraren jama'a, kashi 84 cikin dari na masu cin abinci sun ba da rahoton fuskantar hayaki na biyu, kuma kashi 74 cikin dari na su sun yi fushi da hayaki da tallafawa sarrafa shan sigari.<ref>[http://www.china.org.cn/environment/health_green_living/2009-02/27/content_17344027.htm Expert calls for complete smoking ban]. China.org.cn. 27 February 2009.</ref> Duk da yake masu tambayoyin da yawa sun sami hayaki na biyu da kansa mai guba kuma yana da lahani ga lafiyar dan kasa, babban dalilin da ya sa aka ba da goyon baya ga haramcin shan sigari ya danganta da damuwar dan kasa game da hoton Shanghai. A cewar wani dan kasa wanda masana kiwon lafiya na jama'a daga Fudan suka yi hira, "An haramta shan taba a wuraren jama'a a kasashe da yawa. Ya kamata mu yi haka, akalla a lokacin baje kolin, tunda taron duniya ne. Kuma ba shakka, saboda jama'a da za su ziyarci. " <ref name="most" /> Ga masu shirya baje kolin ahụ, akwai kuma batun munafunci idan ba su magance matsalar shan taba na China a matsayin wani bangare na "Saalthy Expo" ba. Duk da goyon baya ga haramcin shan sigari na Shanghai, mutane da yawa suna jin shakku game da ainihin aiwatar da dokar. Mazaunan Shanghai sun nuna cewa duk da gaskiyar cewa yawancin kantin sayar da kayayyaki da duk tashoshin karkashin kasa da tashoshin jirgin karkashin kasa sun riga sun haramta shan sigari kafin wannan dokar, akwai karancin bin doka kuma mutane galibi suna shan sigari kai tsaye a gaban alamun NO SMOKING.<ref>Kurtenbach, E. [http://politics.gaeatimes.com/2010/03/02/shanghai-scrambles-to-implement-ban-on-smoking-in-indoor-public-places-ahead-of-world-expo-21504/ Shanghai scrambles to implement ban on smoking in indoor public places ahead of World Expo] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200501201528/http://politics.gaeatimes.com/2010/03/02/shanghai-scrambles-to-implement-ban-on-smoking-in-indoor-public-places-ahead-of-world-expo-21504/ |date=2020-05-01 }}. Taragana. 2010.</ref> Daya daga cikin damuwa da mazaunan Shanghai ke da shi game da haramcin shine rashin bayyanawa game da wanda zai yi tarar da kuma wanda zai ba da rahoton laifuffukan. Masana kiwon lafiya na jama'a sun yarda cewa zai zama da wahala a tilasta haramtacciyar doka tare da yawan masu shan sigari da ke Shanghai.<ref name="most"/> Baya ga wuce haramcin shan sigari, 'yan majalisa na Shanghai sun tsara shafin yanar gizon "Smoke Free Shanghai" <ref>[http://www.smokefreeshanghai.org/process.asp 无烟上海] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120306074043/http://www.smokefreeshanghai.org/process.asp |date=2012-03-06 }}. Smoke-Free Shanghai. Retrieved 29 April 2010.</ref> don wayar da kan jama'a game da shan sigari. Har ila yau, mafi mahimmancin matakin da aka dauka shi ne cewa masu shirya baje kolin sun ki bayar da gudummawar yuan miliyan 200 ($ 29.3 miliyan) daga Kamfanin Taba na Shanghai a shekarar da ta gabata don kula da matsayinsu na "mai lafiya". ==== Beijing ==== Dangane da wucewar shirye-shiryen taba na kasa da kuma tallace-tallace na kasa da kasa don Wasannin Olympics na bazara na 2008, gwamnatin birnin [[Beijing]] ta tsawaita haramcin shan sigari na jama'a a ranar 1 ga Mayu, 2008 don hadawa da wuraren wasanni da duk wuraren cikin gida na ofisoshin gwamnati, tashoshin sufuri, makarantu da asibitoci.<ref name="five">Chen, J. [http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2008-07/15/content_6845948.htm Smoking ban gains momentum]. China Daily. 15 July 2008.</ref> Harin yana da tasiri mai karfi, tare da sakamakon zabe da ke nuna cewa yawancin mazaunan kasar Sin (69% daga cikin masu amsawa sama da 10,000) "ba wai kawai suna sane da haramcin shan sigari a Beijing ba, amma [95% na masu amsawa] suna fatan cewa hukumomi suna inganta matakin a duk fadin kasar".<ref name="five" /> A cewar China Daily News: <ref name="five"/><blockquote> "Binciken ya kuma nuna cewa kashi 81.6 cikin dari na masu amsawa suna da sha'awar dakatar da shan sigari, ko kuma sun ji labarin dangin da abokai da ke la'akari da yin amfani da al'ada. 'Ina farin ciki da irin wannan karfafawa daga jama'a, zai taimaka wajen inganta doka don sarrafa amfani da taba,' [in ji] Jiang Yuan, mataimakin shugaban ofishin kula da taba a karkashin Cibiyar Kula da Cututtuka ta kasar Sin".</blockquote> Gwamnatin Beijing ta kuma karbi manufofin rinjaye, hade da tarar har zuwa yuan 5,000 ($ 730) don keta haramcin, a cikin kokari na kara karfafa 'yan kasa su rage shan sigari a fili.<ref name="five"/> Tasirin lafiyar jama'a kai tsaye na haramcin shan sigari na Beijing ya bayyana a fagen rigakafin wuta.<ref>[http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/90001/90776/90884/6408317.html Smoking ban helps reduce fires in Beijing]. People's Daily Online. 12 May 2008.</ref> A cewar People's Daily,<blockquote>"Hakkin shan sigari ya rage yawan gobarar da aka samu a cikin birni da sigari fiye da rabi ... A cikin makon farko na wannan watan, rundunar kashe gobara ta Beijing ta kashe gobarar da ta shafi sigari guda takwas, matsakaicin 1.14 a kowace rana ... Sabon matsakaicin yau da kullun [bayan dakatar da shan sigari] ya kasance kasa da rabin abin da aka ruwaito a cikin watanni hudu na farko na wannan shekara, lokacin da masu kashe gobarar birni suka kashe gobarar 325 da sigari suka haifar, ko 2.7 a kowace rana. "</blockquote> ==== Lardin Guangdong ==== A cikin 2007, [[Guangzhou]] da Jiangmen sun zama birane biyu na farko na Guangdong don aiwatar da gwaji na haramtacciyar taba sigari a wasu wuraren jama'a.<ref>[http://www.newsgd.com/news/guangdong1/200704100038.htm Guangdong to launch stricter smoking ban at public places] 2007-04-10</ref> Wuraren jama'a don hana shan sigari sun hada da gidajen cin abinci, wuraren nishadi, makarantu, manyan kantuna, da ofisoshin gwamnati. Koyaya, a watan Maris na shekara ta 2010, Majalisar Jama'a ta Guangzhou ta shirya don daga haramcin shan sigari a wuraren aiki, gami da ofisoshi, ɗakunan taro da dakunan taro. ==== Lardin Hubei ==== A shekara ta 2009, hukumomin Gongan County sun yi kokari su kara amfani da sigari da aka samar a cikin gida, ta hanyar bukatar cewa jami'an yankin su sha sigari har zuwa 23,000 na sigari na Hubei a kowace shekara. An yi niyyar wannan matakin ne don kawo kudaden shiga da ake bukata sosai ga kamfanonin cikin gida; hukumomin gundumar sun ba da kididdigar ga ofisoshin da ke karkashin ikonsa, wadanda kuma ana ci tarar su idan sun kasa cinye kididdigaren sigari da ake bukatu, ko kuma idan an same su suna siyan wasu nau'ikan samfuran taba. An sauya wannan shawarar bayan kukan jama'a da ɗaukar hoto ta manema labarai na duniya. ==== Sauran birane ==== Majalisar jama'ar [[Hangzhou]] ta amince da hana shan sigari a wuraren jama'a da wuraren aiki a farkon shekara ta 2010; ana iya hana shan sigami a wasu wurare kuma ana iya tarar masu keta doka har zuwa yuan 3000.<ref>{{Cite web |title=杭州控烟战：别处走过场 杭州则立法强力推行 |url=http://nf.nfdaily.cn/nfzm/content/2010-03/18/content_10233546.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120301004202/http://nf.nfdaily.cn/nfzm/content/2010-03/18/content_10233546.htm |archive-date=2012-03-01 |access-date=2010-06-26}}</ref> Yang Tingzhong daga Jami'ar Zhejiang ta gudanar da kamfen da aikin da Bloomberg Global Initiative ta tallafawa don hana shan sigari a makarantun jami'o'i a duk fadin kasar. A cewar Medical News Today, manyan biranen lardin bakwai a kasar Sin suna daukar matakai don hana shan sigari a wuraren aiki da wuraren jama'a. Biranen bakwai sune [[Tianjin]], [[Chongqing]], Shenyang, [[Harbin]], Nanchang, Lanzhou da [[Shenzhen]]. Kodayake tuni akwai wasu haramtacciyar shan sigari a wurare a cikin wadannan biranen, jami'an gwamnati sun fahimci cewa yawan bin doka ba shi da yawa kuma suna shirin bayar da haramtacciya. Za a gudanar da sabon haramcin a matsayin aikin gwaji a karkashin hadin gwiwar Cibiyar Kula da Cututtuka da Rigakafin Cututtuka ta kasar Sin (CDC) da Kungiyar Kasashen Duniya kan Cutar Tuberculosis da Cututtukan huhu (UNION). Da yake amsa zargi game da dokar da ba a aiwatar da ita ba, Wang Yu, darektan CDC na kasar Sin ya bayyana cewa "Wannan aikin zai haifar da dokoki masu tsauri don tabbatar da wuraren jama'a da wuraren aiki da ba su da hayaki da kuma gano hanyar aiki mai yiwuwa da karfi don aiwatar da haramcin shan sigari".<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 January 2010 |title=China to Ban Smoking in 7 Cities: Pilot Project |url=http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/176355.php}}</ref> == Shan taba tsakanin likitoci == Wani binciken da aka gudanar a shekara ta 2004 tsakanin likitocin kasar Sin 3,500 ya gano cewa kashi 23% masu shan sigari ne na yau da kullun. Akwai bambancin jinsi mai mahimmanci, tare da kashi 41% na likitocin maza da ke ba da rahoton cewa su masu shan sigari ne amma kashi 1% kawai na likitoci mata. Fiye da kashi daya bisa uku na masu shan sigari na yanzu sun sha sigari a gaban marasa lafiya kuma kusan duk sun sha sigami a lokacin canjin aikinsu.<ref name="ReferenceA">Jiang Y, Ong M K, Tong E K, et al. Chinese physicians and their smoking knowledge, attitudes and practices. Am Journal Prev Med 2007</ref> An gano likitocin maza suna shan taba fiye da kowane kwarewa.<ref name="ReferenceA">Jiang Y, Ong M K, Tong E K, et al. Chinese physicians and their smoking knowledge, attitudes and practices. Am Journal Prev Med 2007</ref> Wani binciken da aka gudanar tsakanin likitocin kasar Sin maza 800 a shekara ta 2004 ya gano cewa kashi 45.2% masu shan sigari ne kuma kashi 42.5% sun sha sigari a gaban marasa lafiya.<ref name="ReferenceB">Yao T, Ong M, Lee A, Jiang Y, Mao Z: Smoking knowledge, attitudes, behavior, and associated factors among Chinese male surgeons. World J Surg 2009</ref> Yawan shan sigari daga wadannan binciken masu zaman kansu sun fi kasa da wadanda jaridar kasar Sin ta ruwaito. Wani labarin da aka buga a shekara ta 2009 ya yi hira da wani majiya wanda ya yi ikirarin cewa kashi 60% na likitocin maza na kasar Sin masu shan sigari ne, kashi mafi girma fiye da kowane likitocin kasar a duniya.<ref>Dingding, Xin. Smoke-free list extends to healthcare facilities. China Daily. http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/life/2009-12/11/content_9161633.htm</ref> {{As of|2023}}, kusan fiye da kashi daya cikin uku na likitocin kasar Sin an kiyasta su masu shan sigari ne.<ref name=":0"/> === Kwatanta da sauran al'ummomi === Yawan shan sigari tsakanin likitocin maza na kasar Sin suna kama da yawan jama'ar kasar, kodayake yawan likitoci gabadaya sun fi kasa. Likitocin kasar Sin suna da yawan shan sigari fiye da likitoci a [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]] (3.3%) ko Ingila (6.8%). Suna da dan karami fiye da likitocin [[Japan]] (20.2%) kuma likitocin Jafananci suna da kananan bambancin jinsi tare da kashi 27% na maza da kashi 7% na likitocin mata suna shan sigari.<ref name="ReferenceA">Jiang Y, Ong M K, Tong E K, et al. Chinese physicians and their smoking knowledge, attitudes and practices. Am Journal Prev Med 2007</ref> === Dalilai da tasiri === Ana iya danganta yawan amfani da taba a tsakanin likitoci ga dalilai da yawa. A cikin Al'adun kasar Sin, shan sigari yana da alaka da asalin namiji a matsayin aikin zamantakewa wanda ake yi tsakanin maza don inganta jin dadin karba da 'yan uwantaka, wanda ke bayyana dalilin da ya sa likitocin maza na kasar Sin da yawa suka sha sigari fiye da mata. Likitoci musamman na iya amfani da taba sigari a matsayin hanyar magance matsalolin yau da kullun da ke da alaka da sa'o'i masu tsawo da kuma wahalar huldar marasa lafiya.<ref name="ReferenceC">Kohrman, Matthew. Smoking among Doctors: Governmentality, Embodiment, and the Diversion of Blame in Contemporary China. Medical Anthropology 2008</ref> Wani likitan tiyata a Kunming (Lardin Yunnan) ya bayyana shan sigari a matsayin wani abu mai ban mamaki wanda yake wani bangare ne na al'adun likitancin kasar Sin kuma wanda ke inganta aikin aiki:<blockquote>Shan taba yana da babban bangare na zama likita a nan. Darakta na asibitinmu yana shan sigari. Sakataren jam'iyyar yana shan sigari. Shugaban sashen na yana shan sigari. Kuma duk lokacin da na shiga ofishin aiki, yawancin abokan aikina suna shan sigari. Kuma don gaya muku gaskiya, tare da irin wannan aikin da ke cike da matsin lamba, shan sigari yana da matukar taimako, a wasu lokuta yana da sauki, a wasu lokutan yana ba ni kuzari, a wasu lokacin yana taimaka mini in mai da hankali yayin da nake shirin yin tiyata mai rikitarwa ko fuskantar tarin takardu 10:30 da dare.<ref name="ReferenceC">Kohrman, Matthew. Smoking among Doctors: Governmentality, Embodiment, and the Diversion of Blame in Contemporary China. Medical Anthropology 2008</ref></blockquote> === Tasirin kula da marasa lafiya === An nuna halaye na likitan shan sigari yana rinjayar halinsa game da hadarin taba. Likitocin da ke shan taba ba su da damar gaskata cewa shan taba yana da mummunar tasiri ga lafiya idan aka kwatanta da wadanda ba su shan taba ba.<ref name="ReferenceA">Jiang Y, Ong M K, Tong E K, et al. Chinese physicians and their smoking knowledge, attitudes and practices. Am Journal Prev Med 2007</ref> Kananan masu shan sigari sun yi imanin cewa ya kamata likitoci su zama abin koyi ga marasa lafiya kuma ya kamata a hana shan sigari a cikin gida a asibitoci.<ref name="ReferenceB">Yao T, Ong M, Lee A, Jiang Y, Mao Z: Smoking knowledge, attitudes, behavior, and associated factors among Chinese male surgeons. World J Surg 2009</ref>Kusan dukkanin likitocin kasar Sin (95%) sun yi imanin cewa shan sigari yana haifar da ciwon huhu kuma mafi yawan cinsu sun yi imani cewa shan sigari yana haifar da cutar sankara ta huhu (89%), amma masu shan sigari na yanzu ba su da damar rike wadannan imani na kiwon lafiya fiye da wadanda ba su da sigari. == Jima'i == A cewar [[Bankin Duniya]] a cikin 2020, kusan rabin maza a kasar Sin masu shan sigari ne, idan aka kwatanta da kasa da kashi 2% na mata.<ref name=":0"/> A shekara ta 2010, shan sigari ya haifar da kusan mutuwar mutum miliyan 1 (840,000 maza, 130,000 mata) a kasar Sin.<ref name="Lancet101015">{{Cite journal |last=Zhengming Chen |display-authors=etal |date=10 October 2015 |title=Contrasting male and female trends in tobacco-attributed mortality in China: evidence from successive nationwide prospective cohort studies |url= |format=Abstract |journal=Lancet |language=en |volume=386 |issue=10002 |pages=1447–1456 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00340-2 |pmc=4691901 |pmid=26466050 |quote=In 2010, smoking caused about 1 million (840 000 male, 130 000 female) deaths in China.}}</ref> Kasar Sin ta kasance daya daga cikin manyan kasashe uku (tare da Indiya da [[Indonesiya|Indonesia]]) a cikin jimlar yawan masu shan sigari maza, sun kai kashi 51.4% na masu shan sigami maza a duniya a shekarar 2015.<ref name="WebMD China Smokers">{{Cite web |date=April 7, 2017 |title=Smoking causes 10% of deaths worldwide; even more in China |url=http://webmd.cn/en/smoking-10-percent-deaths/ |publisher=WebMD China |access-date=July 12, 2024 |archive-date=May 2, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200502052142/http://webmd.cn/en/smoking-10-percent-deaths/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Har ila yau, kasar Sin ta kasance daya daga cikin manyan kasashe uku (tare da Indiya da Amurka) a cikin jimlar yawan mata masu shan sigari, kodayake wadannan kasashe uku sun kai kashi 27.3% na mata masu shan taba a duniya, wanda ke nuna cewa annobar taba ba ta da hankali ga mata fiye da maza.<ref name="WebMD China Smokers" /> == Al'adun shan sigari a kasar Sin == Baya ga samfurin nicotine, sigari a kasar Sin sun hada da ma'anoni daban-daban. A kasar Sin, adadin sayar da sigari a shekarar 2022 ya kai sigari biliyan 2.4. <ref name=":0"/> Wannan adadi yana nufin cewa idan duk mutanen da ke cikin yawan mutane biliyan 1.4 masu shan sigari ne, mutum daya har yanzu yana shan sigari kusan 1800 a kowace shekara. Bayan irin wannan amfani da sigari, akwai alakar al'adu da ba za a iya musantawa ba tsakanin sigari da masu shan sigari na kasar Sin. Sigari na kasar Sin ba kawai don jin dadin kai ba ne, amma ana iya amfani da su don nuna girmamawa, karbar baki, har ma da alamar manya. Matasa na iya ba tsofaffi sigari a matsayin kyauta don nuna girmamawa; mutane na iya ba da sigari ga baƙi don nuna karimci; matasa suna ganin shan sigari a ranar nuna alamar balaga. Musamman ga mutanen da ke aiki a kasuwanci ko fasaha, masu shan sigari sun kasance babban bangare na yawan jama'a. Muddin mutane sun fara tattaunawa, sigari wajibi ne a gare su don sadarwa.<ref>Dan Wu, et al. "Cigarette sharing and gifting in China: Patterns, associated factors, and behavioral outcomes." ''Tobacco Induced Diseases'' 20 (2022). [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Xiaozhao-Yang-2/publication/360420288_The_toxic_gift_reciprocity_and_social_capital_in_cigarette_exchange_in_China/links/627e91b0973bbb29cc7b6874/The-toxic-gift-reciprocity-and-social-capital-in-cigarette-exchange-in-China.pdf online] </ref> === Al'adun sigari a wurin aiki === Shan sigari yana da karfi ga aiki yadda ya kamata kuma mai shafawa ga ma'aikatan kasar Sin da yawa. A cikin binciken da aka yi niyya ga masu shan sigari a wuraren aiki, sama da kashi 80% daga cikinsu sun nuna cewa sun fara shan sigari bayan sun sami aikin su na farko. Lokacin da aka tambaye su dalilin da ya sa suka fara shan sigari, 64.4% daga cikinsu sun amsa cewa shan sigari na iya taimaka musu su saba da abokan aiki da ma'aikata da sauri, kuma 53.1% daga cikinsu sun ce shan sigari zai iya taimaka musu shakatawa daga aiki mai wahala.<ref>{{Cite web |title=3成人为工作学会抽烟，无忧精英网发布职场白领抽烟调查报告_受访者 |url=https://www.sohu.com/a/www.sohu.com/a/250271831_639111 |access-date=2022-04-27 |website=www.sohu.com |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=July 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Saboda yawancin ofisoshi a kasar Sin suna cikin manyan gine-ginen ofisoshi, masu shan sigari galibi suna gama sigari daya zuwa biyu a bayan gida ko a kan matakala cikin minti goma. Kodayake an ba da haramcin shan sigari na shekaru da yawa, babu isasshen wuraren shan sigari a cikin gine-ginen. Wannan kai tsaye yana haifar da lalacewa ga tsabtace ginin kuma yana kawo aiki mai nauyi ga ma'aikatan tsaftacewa don share sigari. [[Fayil:Huanghelou_1916_(Export_Version).jpg|thumb|Huanghelou 1916 (Fassarar fitarwa) ]] === Halin shan sigari a kasar Sin === Mutanen kasar Sin galibi suna da dokoki da yawa game da yanayin shan sigari. Lokacin shan sigari tare da dattawa ko shugabannin a wurin aiki, idan sun fitar da sigari kuma sun shirya su shan sigari, ya kamata ku fitar da ku da sauri ku ba su. Ya kamata sigari na ku zama irin wannan ko mafi girma fiye da nasu don nuna girmamawa. Shahararrun sigari na kasar Sin sun hada da Chunghwa, Huanghelou, da Liqun. Lokacin da akwai bambancin matsayi, ya kamata ku ba da sigari ga kowa a cikin tsari daga mutumin da ke da matsayi mafi girma zuwa mafi kaskanci. Koyaya, "Mata na farko" koyaushe shine doka ta farko ta shan sigari a kowane yanayi. Lokacin shan sigari tare da wasu, kunna sigari na wasu hanya ce ta yin ladabi. Hanyar kunna sigari na wasu shine: <ref>{{Cite web |title=职场"烟"文化_杂志论文_知识文库杂志 |url=https://www.zz-news.com/com/zswk/news/itemid-1014029.html |access-date=2022-04-27 |website=www.zz-news.com}}</ref> # Dauki mai haske a hannun dama kuma mu matsa zuwa gaban dayan a wani nesa. # Haskaka haske ta hanyar fuskantar dabino na hagu a ciki kuma yatsa yana budewa. Dukan dabino ya kamata a karkata zuwa waje a kan mai haske. # Sa'an nan kuma a hankali matsa zuwa dayan har sai dayan ya sami amsa don tarawa don wuta. Idan dayan bai motsa ba, kunna sigari (wani lamari ne mai ban sha'awa na girman kai). # Mutanen da ke karbar irin wannan ladabi ya kamata su dan daidaita wuyansu don kusantar wuta. A lokaci guda, hannun dama na mai karba ya kamata ya kasance sama da hannun hagu na mai bayarwa don nuna godiya. Don nuna karin girmamawa, mai karba na iya amfani da yatsan ma'ana a hankali ya taba hannun hagu na mai bayarwa. == Shan taba a Hong Kong == An dakatar da shan sigari a wasu wuraren jama'a a [[Hong Kong|Yankin Gudanarwa na Musamman na Hong Kong]] daga 1 ga Janairun 2007 a karkashin Dokar shan sigari (Lafiya ta Jama'a) ta gwamnati (Cap. 371), wanda aka fara aiwatar da shi a 1982 tare da gyare-gyare da yawa daga baya. Sabon gyare-gyare ya fadada haramcin shan sigari don hadawa da wuraren aiki na cikin gida, yawancin wuraren jama'a ciki har da gidajen cin abinci, gidajen cin abincin Intanet, dakunan wanka na jama'a, rairayin bakin teku da yawancin wuraren shakatawa na jama'awa. Wasu mashaya, dakunan karaoke, saunas da wuraren shakatawa na dare an cire su har zuwa 1 ga Yuli 2009. An dakatar da haramtacciyar shan sigari a cikin dakunan hawa, sufuri na jama'a, gidajen silima, dakunan kide-kide, tashar filin jirgin sama da masu hawa tsakanin 1982 da 1997. An haramtacciyar cibiyoyin cin kasuwa, shagunan sashen, manyan kantuna, bankunan da wuraren wasan kwaikwayo tun watan Yulin 1998. Yawan shan sigari na yau da kullun a Hong Kong ya kai 11.8% (HK Department of Census and Statistics Household Thematic Survey 36) tare da kashi 25% na maza suna shan sigari yayin da a China kashi 63% na maza suna sha sigari.  {{Ana bukatan hujja|date=March 2010}}<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2010)">citation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> Gwamnati ta ambaci, a lokacin da aka saki kasafin kudin a shekara ta 2009, cewa cikakken haramta shigo da taba da shan sigari yana yiwuwa. Koyaya, saboda raguwar shan sigari a cikin 'yan shekarun nan galibi saboda karuwar harajin taba, gwamnati a halin yanzu ba ta da karin shirye-shirye don sarrafa tallace-tallace na taba sai dai ta hanyar daidaita haraji.  {{Ana bukatan hujja|date=February 2010}}<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2010)">citation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> == Shan taba a Macau ==   == Dubi kuma == * Dokar shan sigari (Lafiya ta Jama'a) * Yin shayarwa a Betel a kasar Sin * Lafiya a kasar Sin == manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}} == Ƙarin karantawa == * Barnett, Ross, Tingzhong Yang, da Xiaozhao Y. Yang, eds. Yanayin shan sigari a kasar Sin: Kalubale don Kula da Taba sigari (Springer Nature, 2021). * Benedict, Carol. "Tobacco, Cigarettes, and Women's Status in Modern China". Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Asian History (2021) online[https://oxfordre.com/asianhistory/display/10.1093/acrefore/9780190277727.001.0001/acrefore-9780190277727-e-456?rskey=dou7El kan layi] * [https://books.google.com/books?id=e7nNkB8R4GkC&pg=PP1 kan layi]  * Davey, Gareth, da Xiang Zhao . "Sha da birni: labarin tafiya a Yuxi. " Asia Pacific mujallar anthropology 22.1 (2021): 58-80. * [Hasiya] "Rayuwa mai laushi: Tsarkakewar iska, Jima'i, da Sigari a Jamhuriyar Jama'ar Sin". ''Al'adun Jama'a'' 33.2 (2021): 161-191. [https://anthropology.stanford.edu/sites/g/files/sbiybj9346/f/161kohrman1.pdf kan layi]{{Dead link|date=July 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 00z8lz3s83735pmyba7kzjqasbk55tz 0 81617 829621 732740 2026-05-04T15:38:41Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829621 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Farin Ruwa Waterfalls.jpg|thumb|yanda ruwa ke guda a rafi]] Ruwa ɗaya kalma ce da ke tattare da gudanar da dukkan hanyoyin ruwa ta hanyar haɗaɗɗiya kuma mai dorewa idan aka yi la'akari da duk hanyoyin ruwa da amfani. Wannan ra'ayin ya samo asali ne daga ainihin ka'idodin samar da ruwa mai araha ga kowa da kowa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tuser |first=Cristina |date=2021-09-09 |title=What is One Water? |url=https://www.wwdmag.com/utility-management/article/10940010/what-is-one-water |access-date=2023-12-08 |website=Wastewater Digest}}</ref> == Asalin da tasiri == [[Fayil:Lake Rotoroa 03.jpg|thumb|ruwan rafi]] <ref>{{Cite web |title=One Water in the Texas Hill Country {{!}} Welcome to Hill Country Alliance |url=https://hillcountryalliance.org/our-work/water-resources/water-conservation/one-water-guidebook/ |access-date=2023-12-08 |website=hillcountryalliance.org}}</ref> Kalmar "Ruwa ɗaya" tana nufin haɗaɗɗen hanyoyin sarrafa ruwa masu inganci waɗanda suka "fiye da [[Texas]]." An yi amfani da cikakken, faɗin tsarin, hanyoyin haɗin kai zuwa ruwa a baya. .<ref name="uiuc">{{Cite web |title=Environmental Engineering, BS |url=http://catalog.illinois.edu/undergraduate/engineering/environmental-engineering-bs/ |access-date=4 January 2024 |publisher=[[University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign]]}}</ref> Tsare-tsare tsararren ruwa na gundumomi ya zama yanayin duniya. Ƙungiyar ruwa ta ƙasa da ƙasa ta samar da Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) a farkon shekarun 2000 don kare albarkatun ruwa da inganta dorewa. Haɗin gwiwar Ruwa na Duniya yana da cibiya Action na IWRM don raba bayanai da fahimta game da aiwatar da hadedde shirin ruwa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Welcome to IWRM Action Hub! |url=https://www.gwp.org/en/learn/iwrm-toolbox/About_IWRM_ToolBox/ |access-date=2023-12-09 |website=Global Water Partnership}}</ref> == Ma'anar da ka'idoji == <ref name="watershedassociation.org">{{Cite web |date=2018-07-13 |title=One Water - The Watershed Association |url=https://watershedassociation.org/impactareas/environmental-planning-policy-advocacy/one-water/ |access-date=2023-12-09 |language=en-US}}</ref> .<ref name="efcnetwork.org">{{Cite web |date=2020-03-24 |title="One Water" Approach for Improvement in Water Resource Management - Environmental Finance Center Network |url=https://efcnetwork.org/one-water-approach-for-improvement-in-water-resource-management/,%20https://efcnetwork.org/one-water-approach-for-improvement-in-water-resource-management/ |access-date=2023-12-09 |language=en-US }}{{Dead link|date=August 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tuser |first=Cristina |date=2021-09-09 |title=What is One Water? |url=https://www.wwdmag.com/utility-management/article/10940010/what-is-one-water |access-date=2023-12-09 |website=Wastewater Digest}}</ref> Gidauniyar [[Bincike]] ta Ruwa (WRF) ta bayyana Ruwa ɗaya a matsayin haɗaɗɗiyar tsari da tsarin aiwatarwa don sarrafa ƙarancin albarkatun ruwa don tsayin daka da dogaro na dogon lokaci, biyan buƙatun al'umma da yanayin muhalli. Yayin da birane da yawa ke sarrafa maɓuɓɓugar ruwa daban-daban da tsarin zubar da ruwa daban, Wateraya yana jaddada haɗa albarkatun ruwa da ƙasa don tsarin tsare-tsare na tsarin kula da ruwa. An jaddada mahimmancin duk tushen ruwa. Ƙa'idodin Ruwa ɗaya sun haɗa da ɗaukar hanyar haɗin kai ga batutuwa masu sarƙaƙƙiya kamar rikice-rikice na samar da ruwa, rikicin muhalli da lafiyar jama'a, fari, da sauyin yanayi a kowane ma'auni: mutum da gini, gida, yanki, jaha, ƙasa, da ƙasa da ƙasa..<ref name="Lenz">{{Cite web |last=Lenz |first=Jeremy |date=2018-04-28 |title=One Water: A New Era in Water Management |url=https://openrivers.lib.umn.edu/article/one-water-a-new-era/ |access-date=2023-12-09 |website=Open Rivers Journal |language=en-US}}</ref> == Binciken ilimi da ya shafi == Jiang et al. 2021 ya ƙirƙira samfuri ta amfani da ra'ayoyin Ruwa ɗaya don nuna yadda tunani game da haɗin kai zai iya inganta ƙirar ƙira da tantance yanayin yanayin ruwa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Jiang |first=Albert Z. |last2=McBean |first2=Edward A. |date=January 2021 |title=Sponge City: Using the "One Water" Concept to Improve Understanding of Flood Management Effectiveness |journal=Water |language=en |volume=13 |issue=5 |pages=583 |doi=10.3390/w13050583 |issn=2073-4441 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Shirye-shiryen da kungiyoyi == Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya sun dauki nauyin shirin WHO/UNICEF hadin gwiwa Shirin Sa Ido (JMP) don samar da ruwa, tsaftar muhalli da Tsaftar ruwa wanda ke amfani da ka'idojin Ruwa daya don sa ido kan ci gaba a cikin ma'auni na gida zuwa duniya don cimma burin ci gaba mai dorewa don "dukkan duniya da daidaito. samun tsaftataccen ruwan sha, tsaftar muhalli, da tsafta.”<ref>{{Cite web |title=WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Program for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene (JMP) - Progress on household drinking water, sanitation and hygiene 2000 - 2020 |url=https://www.unwater.org/publications/who/unicef-joint-monitoring-program-water-supply-sanitation-and-hygiene-jmp-progress-0 |access-date=2023-12-09 |website=UN-Water |language=en}}</ref> Hukumar Kare Muhalli ta lura cewa saduwa da Dokar Tsabtace Ruwa (1972 buƙatun don sarrafawa da samun ruwa zai kasance mafi inganci ta hanyar amfani da tsarin kula da ruwa gabaɗaya. Hukumar, tare da Hukumar Kula da Ruwa da Ruwa ta ƙasa (NOAA) da Ƙungiyar Ruwa ta Amurka. sun ba da shafukan yanar gizo da sauran jagorori don amfani da hanyar ruwa ɗaya don gudanar da ruwa. Ƙungiyar Ruwa ta Amurka kuma tana da ƙarin shirye-shirye don tallafawa Ruwa Daya, ciki har da Majalisar Ruwa daya don hada ƙungiyoyi, da Ƙimar Ruwa don ilmantarwa game da mahimmancin ruwa. duk tushen ruwa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=One Water Council |url=https://uswateralliance.org/communities-of-practice/one-water-council/ |access-date=2023-12-08 |website=US Water Alliance |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The Value of Water Campaign |url=https://uswateralliance.org/programs/the-value-of-water-campaign/ |access-date=2023-12-08 |website=US Water Alliance |language=en-US}}</ref> Ɗaya daga cikin Kwamitin Ruwa yana taimakawa haɓaka dabarun haɗa haɓaka haɓakawa da sarrafa tushen ruwa don ƙarin dacewa da biyan bukatun ruwa na yanzu da na gaba da magance tasirin canjin yanayi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=One Water |url=https://www.resilientoahu.org/onewater |access-date=2023-12-08 |website=Resilience Office - City and County of Honolulu Office of Climate Change, Sustainability and Resiliency |language=en-US}}</ref> Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyoyin Tsabtace Ruwa ta Ƙasa (NACWA) da Association of Metropolitan Water Agencies (AMWA) sun kirkiro wani kamfen na Ƙarfafa Ruwa, Ƙungiyoyin Ƙarfafawa don ƙara fahimtar siyasa game da matsalolin ruwa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Affordable Water, Resilient Communities(TM) |url=https://www.affordableh2o.org/ |access-date=2023-12-08 |website=www.affordableh2o.org}}</ref> == Misalan dabarun Ruwa ɗaya da aiwatarwa == === Ilimin kula da ruwa === Kogin Amurka yana amfani da cikakken tsarin kula da ruwa kuma ya dauki nauyin taron kwanaki 2 don tattara ra'ayoyin don taimakawa biranen daidaita tsarin sarrafa ruwa mai hade a cikin 2016.<ref name="Lenz"/> Majalisar gwamnatocin kudu maso gabashin Michigan (SEMCOG) tana da Shirin Ruwa guda ɗaya don ilmantarwa game da amfani da ruwa da tsarin da alaƙar su da kuma tsarin kula da ruwa. Sun shirya abubuwan da suka faru a Babban Tafkuna na 2023 da Makon Ruwa na Ruwa, sun buga bidiyo don nuna fa'idodin tsarin ruwa guda ɗaya, kuma suna da jerin labarai.<ref>{{Cite web |title=One Water |url=https://www.semcog.org/mionewater |access-date=2023-12-09 |website=www.semcog.org}}</ref> Jami'ar Illinois Urbana-Champaign ta haɗa da Ruwa ɗaya a tsakanin manhajoji biyar zuwa digiri na Kimiyya a aikin injiniyan muhalli. Shirinsu na Ruwa Daya ya jaddada aikace-aikace na zahiri, sinadarai, da ka'idojin halitta don tsara sabbin hanyoyin sarrafa ingancin ruwa don amintacciyar al'umma ko ruwan sha na gida, tsaftar ruwa, sarrafa ruwan sama, da tsarin dawo da albarkatu (ruwa, abinci mai gina jiki, makamashi). <ref name="uiuc"/> === Infrastructure da dorewa === Hakanan ana amfani da ra'ayi ɗaya na ruwa wajen tsara tsarin gini da ci gaba mai dorewa. Makarantar Firamare ta Blue Hole, Texas ta yi amfani da dabarun Ruwa guda ɗaya yayin da take gina makarantar.<ref name="watershedassociation.org"/> === Birane === Garuruwa sun ɓullo da Dabarun Dabarun Ruwa guda ɗaya, kuma akwai jagora da nazari don taimakawa ƙarin biranen haɓaka shirye-shiryensu. Gidauniyar Binciken Ruwa da Jami'ar Jihar Colorado suna haɓaka jagora don Biranen Ruwa ɗaya (2020-2023). Ƙungiyar Ruwa ta Duniya ta haɓaka shirin haɗakar da ruwa na Biranen nan gaba.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cities of the Future |url=https://iwa-network.org/programs/cities-of-the-future/ |access-date=2023-12-09 |website=International Water Association |language=en}}</ref> ==== Amurka ==== Los Angeles, California, tana da Shirin Ruwa ɗaya LA 2040 <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023 |title=One Water LA 2040 Plan |url=https://www.lacitysan.org/san/faces/home/portal/s-lsh-es/s-lsh-es-owla?_afrLoop=18891536433392472&_afrWindowMode=0&_afrWindowId=null&_adf.ctrl-state=u1h4hgujw_1#!%40%40%3F_afrWindowId%3Dnull%26_afrLoop%3D18891536433392472%26_afrWindowMode%3D0%26_adf.ctrl-state%3Du1h4hgujw_5 |website=LA City}}</ref> Palo Alto yana haɓaka Tsarin Ruwa Guda ɗaya a matsayin wani ɓangare na fifikon Tsare-tsare Tsare-tsare da daidaita yanayin yanayin su.<ref>{{Cite web |title=One Water Plan City of Palo Alto |url=https://www.cityofpaloalto.org/Departments/Utilities/Sustainability/Water-Efficiency/One-Water-Plan}}</ref> San Francisco, California, yana da fa'idar OneWater SF Vision tare da albarkatu da yawa a cikin shirin ruwa, gami da "ruwa, makamashi, kuɗi, ɗan adam, haɗin gwiwar al'umma da albarkatun ƙasa"<ref>{{Cite web |title=OneWaterSF |url=https://sfpuc.org/about-us/policies-plans/onewatersf |access-date=2023-12-09 |website=sfpuc.org |language=en}}</ref> Denver, Colorado, ta karɓi Shirin Ruwa ɗaya a watan Satumbar 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Emmer |first=Olivia |title=Denver Adopts One Water |url=https://www.watereducationcolorado.org/publications-and-radio/headwaters-magazine/fall-2023-one-water/denver-adopts-one-water/ |access-date=2023-12-09 |website=Water Education Colorado |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Denver One WAter Plan |url=https://www.denvergov.org/files/assets/public/v/1/doti/documents/programsservices/one-water/one-water-meeting1-082720.pdf}}</ref> Wake County, [[North Carolina]] ta fara Tsarin Ruwa guda ɗaya don ƙananan hukumominta tare da binciken hangen nesa na jama'a a cikin Mayu 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |title=One Water Plan |url=https://www.wake.gov/departments-government/water-quality-programs/one-water-plan |access-date=2023-12-09 |website=Wake County Government |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Oe Water Wake County |url=https://s3.us-west-1.amazonaws.com/wakegov.com.if-us-west-1/s3fs-public/documents/2023-04/WOW-FactSheet-4.12.2023.pdf}}</ref> Milwaukee, [[Wisconsin]], yana da hanyar Ruwa Daya tare da bayanan da aka keɓance ga masu sauraro daban-daban a #onewaterourwater<ref>{{Cite web |title=#onewaterourwater |url=https://www.onewaterourwater.com/ |access-date=2023-12-09 |website=#onewaterourwater |language=en-US}}</ref> ==== A duk duniya ==== Vancouver, British Columbia, tana amfani da Hanyar Ruwa Ɗaya don magance canje-canje a cikin ruwa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Vancouver |first=City of |title=One Water |url=https://vancouver.ca/home-property-development/one-water.aspx |access-date=2023-12-09 |website=vancouver.ca |language=en}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka == Ɗaya daga cikin Panel na Ruwa Honolulu ya sami lambar yabo ta Ruwa ta Amurka don Fitaccen Sashin Jama'a, Ƙungiyar Ruwa ta Amurka a cikin 2022 <ref>{{Cite web |title=One Water |url=https://www.resilientoahu.org/onewater |access-date=2023-12-09 |website=Resilience Office - City and County of Honolulu Office of Climate Change, Sustainability and Resiliency |language=en-US}}</ref> == Taron Ruwa guda ɗaya == An gudanar da Taro na Ruwa guda ɗaya a cikin 2015, 2017 (New Orleans, Louisiana), da 2018 (Twin Cities, Minnesota)<ref name="Lenz"/> An gudanar da Babban Taron Birni na Birane don daidaita tsare-tsaren Ruwa Daya a Charlotte, North Carolina Nuwamba 15–18, 2017<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-09-25 |title=A "One Water" Future for America's Cities |url=https://www.nlc.org/article/2017/09/25/a-one-water-future-for-americas-cities/ |access-date=2023-12-09 |website=National League of Cities |language=en-US}}</ref> Taron Ruwa Daya 2024: Kazakhstan-Faransa Ƙaddamar da Sauyin yanayi (bnn.network). Taron koli na ruwa daya da aka shirya wani muhimmin bangare ne na jerin ayyukan hadin gwiwa da Kazakhstan da Faransa suka yi don magance matsalolin yanayi a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Akhtar |first=Salman |date=2023-12-04 |title=Kazakhstan and France Unveil Plans for One Water Summit in 2024 |url=https://bnn.network/world/france/kazakhstan-and-france-unveil-plans-for-one-water-summit-in-2024/ |access-date=2023-12-09 |website=BNN Breaking |language=en-US }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Dubi kuma == Ruwa da aka dawo da shi Kare ruwa == Bayanan da aka ambata == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 8qtb7kniulctxjxoytjrbjrfgj48r37 0 82297 829774 759949 2026-05-05T01:35:38Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829774 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sevim Arbana''' a cikin mai fafutukar kare hakkin mata na [[Albaniya|Albaniyan]] kuma wanda ya kafa kungiyar NGO "Amfani da [[Mata A Afrika|Mata]] na Albaniya" (UAW) da kuma “Mata Gada don Zaman Lafiya da Fahimta” == Tarihin rayuwa == An haifi Sevim Arbana a shekara ta 1951.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Sevim Arbana (Albania) {{!}} WikiPeaceWomen – English |url=https://wikipeacewomen.org/wpworg/en/?page_id=4256 |access-date=2022-05-17 |website=wikipeacewomen.org |archive-date=2020-02-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200222014245/http://wikipeacewomen.org/wpworg/en/?page_id=4256 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Mahaifinta memba ne na Sojojin Ƴanci a Albaniya (LANÇA), kuma yayi yaƙi da Jamusawa a [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|WWII]] . Bayan yakin, ya shiga jam'iyyar adawa da kwaminisanci, inda aka sanya shi abokin gaba na jihar kuma aka ɗaure shi na tsawon shekaru goma (10 ) a lokacin mulkin Enver Hoxha . Saboda imanin mahaifinta, gwamnatin Albania ta tsananta wa dangin Arbana, wanda ya haifar da wahalar kammala karatunta a Makarantar Fasaha a [[Tirana]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Balkanista |first=The |date=2018-04-29 |title=The Balkanista meets Sevim Arbana |url=https://thebalkanista.com/2018/04/29/the-balkanista-meets-sevim-arbana/ |access-date=2022-05-17 |website=The Balkanista |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-04-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230420033821/https://thebalkanista.com/2018/04/29/the-balkanista-meets-sevim-arbana/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> A shekara ta 1991, Sojojin Serbia sun kama Arbana a wani taro a Kosovo, suna nuna rashin amincewa da rashin kuɗaɗen da kungiyoyin kare hakkin mata ke samu. Bugu da ƙari, Sevim Arbana yayi aiki tare da Magajin garin Tirana na yanzu, Erion Veliaj a lokacin da yake tare da ƙungiyar Mjaft. Tun daga wannan lokacin sun daina aiki tare bayan zabensa na mulki, tare da Arbana ta soki shi saboda rashin goyon baya ga ƴancin mata. A shekara ta 1997, an zabe ta shugaban kungiyar NGO ta farko a Albaniya, kungiyar NGO Dandalin tattaunawa . <ref name=":0"/> <ref name=":1"/> A shekara ta 2005, an zabi Sevim Arbana don Kyautar Nobel ta Zaman Lafiya a matsayin wani ɓangare na 1000 mata masu zaman lafiya.<ref name=":1"/><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2021-02-08 |title=Human Rights Activist to Face Albanian Prime Minister in Defamation Court Case |url=https://exit.al/en/2021/02/08/human-rights-activist-to-face-albanian-prime-minister-in-defamation-court-case/ |access-date=2022-05-17 |website=Exit - Explaining Albania |language=en-US |archive-date=2021-02-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210208161349/https://exit.al/en/2021/02/08/human-rights-activist-to-face-albanian-prime-minister-in-defamation-court-case/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2019, an zabi ta don Kyautar Mata ta Duniya a cikin rukunin "Jagoranci" <ref name=":2" /> Ita ce edita ga gidan wallafe-wallafen Naim Frasheri . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-05-09 |title=Sevim Arbana {{!}} WEF |url=https://www.wef.org.in/sevim-arbana/,%20https://www.wef.org.in/sevim-arbana/ |access-date=2022-05-17 |language=en-US }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Gudanarwa == A shekara ta 1993, bayan faduwar [[Tarayyar Sobiyet|Tarayyar Soviet]] da Jamhuriyar mai son jama'a ta Albaniya, Arbana ta kafa Ƙungiyar da ba ta gwamnati ba mai amfani ga Mata na Albaniya, kulob din mata na farko a Albaniya, da kuma kungiyar zaman lafiya ta Balkan “Mata Gada don Zaman Lafiya da Fahimta”. <ref name=":0"/> An bayyana Arbana a matsayin "masu gwagwarmaya na farko bayan faduwar Kwaminisanci". <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sevim Arbana: Pashë Ramën kur pickoi me dhunë një ministre |url=https://www.balkanweb.com/sevim-arbana-pashe-ramen-kur-pickoi-me-dhune-nje-ministre/ |access-date=2022-05-17 |website=www.balkanweb.com |language=sq}}</ref> An fara wadannan kungiyoyi ne ta hanyar fallasa ta ga The Alexandra Club, kulob din mata na farko a duniya. Ta hanyar wadannan kungiyoyi, Arbana ta kafa cibiyoyin farfadowa, ta yi kamfen game da fataucin mutane, kuma An bada taimako ga waɗanda ba su da gida da kuma wulakanci a gida.”.<ref name=":1"/> === Yana da amfani ga Cibiyar Mata ta Albaniya === Cibiyar Amfani da Mata ta Albaniya kungiya ce ta Albaniya da aka haɓaka don taimakawa mata waɗanda ke fama da tashin hankali na gida ko na jinsi, watsi, ko wahalar tattalin arziki. Wannan cibiyar ta kuma yi aiki don jawo hankali ga yawan tashin hankali na gida a Albania da matsalolin tattalin arziki da mata ke fuskanta yayin da suke guje wa cin zarafi. Cibiyar ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin cibiyar farfadowa ga Yara marasa gida, tana ba da taimako ga iyaye mata matasa a cikin [[Mutanen Romani|Al'ummar Roma]], da kuma taimaka wa wadanda ke fama da rikice-rikicen jini.<ref name=":1"/> An kiyasta cewa ta hanyar wannan cibiyar, Arbana ta horar da kuma taimaka wa yara sama da 7,000 na titin Albaniya samun aiki. A lokacin Yaƙin Kosovo, an yi amfani da cibiyar don bada gidaje da taimakon ƴan gudun hijirar Kosovo da Albaniya sama da mutane 3,800.<ref name=":1"/> === Rashin amincewa da Edi Rama === Bayan wani abin da ake zargi da shi inda Edi Rama, Firayim Minista na Albania, ya "kusa" daya daga cikin Ministocinsa, Sevim Arbana ya yi magana game da lamarin a shirin labarai na 'A-Show'. Abin da ake zargin ya faru ne a shekarar 2013, tare da Arbana yana yin sharhi game da shi a shekarar 2019. Bayan da ta yi tsokaci, Enkelejda Mca, Babban Lauyan Jihar Albania, ta shigar da karar Lek na Albaniya miliyan 1 a kan Arbana saboda ɓata suna. Wannan karar tana daga cikin wasu karar cin zarafi 35 da aka soki a matsayin "hanyar da za'ayi shiru daga masu sūkar”. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-06-04 |title=Rendering Albanian Women Invisible: Challenging the Norm |url=https://exit.al/en/2020/06/04/rendering-albanian-women-invisible-challenging-the-norm/ |access-date=2022-05-17 |website=Exit - Explaining Albania |language=en-US |archive-date=2022-05-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220517051427/https://exit.al/en/2020/06/04/rendering-albanian-women-invisible-challenging-the-norm/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-15 |title=Rama Sues Nobel Peace Prize Nominee and Human Rights Activist for Defamation |url=https://exit.al/en/2019/09/15/rama-sues-nobel-peace-prize-nominee-and-human-rights-activist-for-defamation/ |access-date=2022-05-17 |website=Exit - Explaining Albania |language=en-US |archive-date=2022-07-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220703231704/https://exit.al/en/2019/09/15/rama-sues-nobel-peace-prize-nominee-and-human-rights-activist-for-defamation/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=":2"/> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] sap0i1jzn3g6npmomkeqdaoorygprff 0 87227 829751 798045 2026-05-04T22:51:39Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829751 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Michael Owusu Addo,''' (an haife shi 10 ga Yuli sheka ta 1985), <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sarkodie Biography |url=https://amdb.co/artist/sarkodie/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180823105722/https://amdb.co/artist/sarkodie |archive-date=23 August 2018 |access-date=8 July 2024 |website=amdb.co}}</ref> wanda aka sani da sana'a da '''Sarkodie''' ( / sɑːr ˈk ɔː d iɛ / ), mawakin Ghana ne, marubuci, kuma ɗan kasuwa daga [[Tema]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 January 2019 |title=Sarkodie Detailed Biography |url=https://www.eonlinegh.com/sarkodie-detailed-biography/ |access-date=14 June 2019 |website=EOnlineGH.Com |language=en-US |archive-date=26 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201126054147/https://www.eonlinegh.com/sarkodie-detailed-biography/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya fara yin raye-raye tun yana karami kuma tun daga nan ya zama sananne a masana’antar waka ta Ghana da ta duniya. Gudunmawar da ya bayar ga masana'antar kiɗa ta Ghana ta ba shi yabo da yawa, ciki har da TGMA sai lambar yabo ta Vodafone Ghana Music (VGMA) na "Mawaƙi na Goma". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Sicoli |first=M. L. Corbin |date=March 1989 |title=Women winners: Major popular music awards |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03007768908591347 |journal=Popular Music and Society |volume=13 |issue=1 |pages=99–102 |doi=10.1080/03007768908591347 |issn=0300-7766}}</ref> An sanar da shi wanda ya yi nasara na farko na BET's Best International Flow Artist a 2019 BET Hip Hop Awards . <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 October 2019 |title=Sarkodie winner of BET Best International Flow Award |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Sarkodie-wins-BET-Best-International-Flow-award-786657 |access-date=6 October 2019}}</ref> Ana kuma la'akari da shi a matsayin daya daga cikin manyan masu goyon bayan nau'in [[Azonto]] da raye-raye kuma a matsayin dan wasan rap na Afirka mafi nasara a kowane lokaci. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Reporter |first=Emmanuel Kwaku Biggs |date=2020-05-13 |title=Sarkodie-Everything You Need to Know About Ghana's Talented and Trendsetting Rapper |url=https://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2020/05/13/sarkodie/ |access-date=2024-11-12 |website=GhanaCelebrities.Com |language=en-US |archive-date=2024-11-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241112194234/https://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2020/05/13/sarkodie/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Saboda nau'ikan kiɗan iri-iri. zai iya yin wasa a ciki, ana kiran Sarkodie a matsayin "mawaƙin rapper mai yawa" kuma akai-akai rap a cikin yarensa na asali, Twi . == Rayuwa da aiki == === Rayuwa ta farko da farkon aiki === An haifi Sarkodie, ta huɗu cikin yara biyar a ranar 10 ga Yulin 1985. <ref name="Brown 2020">{{Cite web |last=Brown |first=Eugene |date=25 February 2020 |title=Sarkodie Full Biography, Music Career, Family and Awards - News |url=https://mdundo.com/news/19124 |access-date=3 February 2021 |website=Mdundo.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Sarkodie Biography |url=https://amdb.co/artist/sarkodie/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180823105722/https://amdb.co/artist/sarkodie |archive-date=23 August 2018 |access-date=8 July 2024 |website=amdb.co}}</ref> Ya girma a Koforidua kafin iyayensa su koma Tema inda ya fara makaranta. A cikin waƙarsa, "Mile 7 Saga", ya yi magana game da yadda wani mai kula da shi da yake zaune tare da shi ya wulakanta shi. Ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta Tema Methodist Day kuma ya ci gaba zuwa Kwalejin Fasaha ta IPMC, inda ya sami digiri a zane-zane. Sarkodie ya fara aikinsa na kiɗa a matsayin mai ba da labari na karkashin kasa kuma ya sami karbuwa ta hanyar gasa ta rap kamar shiga cikin shahararren gasar rap ta Adom FM Kasahare Level . Ya sadu da tsohon manajansa Duncan Williams na Duncwills Entertainment yayin da yake shiga gasar da aka ambata a sama. Ya kuma sadu da mawaƙa Edem da Castro, waɗanda suka gabatar da shi ga Hammer of The Last Two, mai samar da rikodin rikodin. Da yake sha'awar rap dinsa, Hammer ya ba Sarkodie damar yin rikodin waƙoƙi biyu don kundin farko na Edems Volta Regime . <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 April 2022 |title=Sarkodie Biography, Wife, Children, Businesses, Songs and Networth 2022 |url=https://everydaynewsgh.com/personality-profile/sarkodie-biography-wife-children-businesses-songs-and-networth-2022/ |access-date=2 August 2022 |website=EverydayNewsGH, Ghana News, Current Job Updates, Scholarships, Showbiz News, Ghana |language=en-US}}</ref> === 2009-2012: ''Makye'' da Rapperholic''Mai son kai a'' === Bayan hadin gwiwarsa da Hammer, Sarkodie ya rubuta kundi na farko ''Makye'' . Killbeatz da Jayso ne suka fara samar da shi. Kundin ya ƙunshi bayyanar baƙi daga Kwaw Kese, J-Town, Sway, da Paedae na R2Bees. ''Makye'' ya sami kyakkyawan bita daga masu sukar da magoya baya. An goyi bayan shi ta hanyar kide-kide da aka gudanar a lambunan Holy City a Accra . <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 June 2021 |title=Sarkodie reflects on dropping his debut album ‘Makye’ in 2009 |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Sarkodie-reflects-on-dropping-his-debut-album-Makye-in-2009-1281484 |access-date=10 November 2023 |archive-date=10 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231110091159/https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Sarkodie-reflects-on-dropping-his-debut-album-Makye-in-2009-1281484 |url-status=dead }}</ref> A ranar 16 ga Satumba 2009, Sarkodie ta yi tare da Busta Rhymes a wasan kwaikwayo na Busta Rhys Live a [[Ghana]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 September 2009 |title=Busta Rhymes, Sarkodie steal show |url=http://m.modernghana.com/music/10050/3/busta-rhymes-sarkodie-steal-show.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518104056/http://m.modernghana.com/music/10050/3/busta-rhymes-sarkodie-steal-show.html |archive-date=18 May 2015 |access-date=16 September 2009}}</ref> A shekara ta 2010, waƙoƙinsa na "Push" da "Baby" sun kasance na tara da na goma sha uku a kan waƙoƙin Joy FM na Top 50 na 2009, bi da bi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 January 2010 |title=Joy Fm top 50 of 2009 |url=http://www.mobile.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/artikel.php?ID=174662 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150701193111/http://www.mobile.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/artikel.php?ID=174662 |archive-date=1 July 2015 |access-date=5 January 2010}}</ref> Kundin jagora "Baby" wanda ke nuna Mugeez na R2bees ya zama abin bugawa nan take kuma ya ba Sarkodie fallasawa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sarkodie |url=http://www.ghanacelebrities.com/sarkodie |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130424191614/http://www.ghanacelebrities.com/sarkodie |archive-date=24 April 2013 |access-date=4 April 2013 |website=Ghana Celebrities.com}}</ref> An saki kundi na biyu na studio na Sarkodie Rapperholic a cikin 2012. Ya ƙunshi bayyanar baƙi daga [[EL (rapper)|EL]]="mw:WikiLink" title="Efya">Efya, Chidynma, Mugeez na R2Bees, Obrafour, Jayso da EL. Kundin ya sami goyon baya daga mutane biyar: "Good Bye", "One Time For Your Mind", "You Go Kill Me", "Living Legend", da kuma "Onyame N__". Ya sami kyakkyawan bita daga masu sukar kiɗa. Sarkodie ya tafi yawon shakatawa na kasa don tallafawa kundin. Rapperholic ya sami Sarkodie gabatarwa ta farko ta BET da kuma nasarar da ta biyo baya. An kuma nuna Sarkodie a kan BET Hip Hop Awards tare da Talib Kweli, Jean Grae da Ab-Soul . Shi ne kawai aikin Afirka da aka nuna a kan cipher.<ref>{{Cite web |date=29 September 2012 |title=Sarkodie featured in bet hip pop awards cypher 2012 |url=http://www.ghanaculturepolitics.com/sarkodie-featured-in-bet-hiphop-awards-cypher-2012/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20150428164505/http://www.ghanaculturepolitics.com/sarkodie-featured-in-bet-hiphop-awards-cypher-2012/ |archive-date=28 April 2015 |access-date=29 September 2012}}</ref> A ranar 7 ga Yulin 2012, Sarkodie ya fara rangadinsa na [[Kanada]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 May 2012 |title=Sarkodie Canadian tour |url=http://www.ghostinfostv.com/2012/05/sarkodie-canadian-tour-performing-in.html?m=1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518070814/http://www.ghostinfostv.com/2012/05/sarkodie-canadian-tour-performing-in.html?m=1 |archive-date=18 May 2015 |access-date=7 May 2012}}</ref> Ya zagaya Amurka a watan Agustan 2012, yana yin aiki a birane da jihohi kamar New York City, [[Ohio (jiha)|Ohio]], [[New Jersey]], [[Maryland]], [[Atlanta]], [[Chicago]], [[Texas]] da [[Massachusetts]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 July 2011 |title=Sarkodie first stop in USA is New York |url=http://www.ghanamusic.com/news/upcoming-events/sarkodies-first-stop-in-usa-is-new-york/index.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110713031629/http://www.ghanamusic.com/news/upcoming-events/sarkodies-first-stop-in-usa-is-new-york/index.html |archive-date=13 July 2011 |access-date=11 July 2011}}</ref> Bayan ya saki Rapperholic, Sarkodie ya fara rangadin don inganta kundin.<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 December 2012 |title=Sarkodie rapperholic concert |url=http://exposeghana.com/2012/12/sarkodies-rapperholic-concert-obrafour-efya-ice-prince-others-to-perform/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140520133802/http://exposeghana.com/2012/12/sarkodies-rapperholic-concert-obrafour-efya-ice-prince-others-to-perform/ |archive-date=20 May 2014 |access-date=18 December 2012}}</ref> A ranar 27 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 2012, Sarkodie ta yi tare da R2Bees, Fally Ipupa da [[Iyanya]] a bikin kiɗa na Afirka Unplugged . <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 August 2012 |title=Sarkodie and r2bees to perform at Africa Unnplugged |url=http://mobile.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Sarkodie-R2bees-to-perform-Africa-Unplugged-Music-Festival-248230 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150711072625/http://mobile.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Sarkodie-R2bees-to-perform-Africa-Unplugged-Music-Festival-248230 |archive-date=11 July 2015 |access-date=22 August 2012}}</ref> A cikin 2012, Sarkodie ya yi "How Low" tare da Ludacris a kide-kide na 020 Live.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2 October 2012 |title=Ludacris brings Sarkodie on stage |url=http://www.ghanamusic.com/news/top-stories/ludacris-brings-sarkodie-on-stage-vodafone-020-live/index.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121005015929/http://www.ghanamusic.com/news/top-stories/ludacris-brings-sarkodie-on-stage-vodafone-020-live/index.html |archive-date=5 October 2012 |access-date=2 October 2012}}</ref> === 2013-2014: ''Sarkology'', Sarkcess Music, da kuma Yakin Rising na Afirka === A ranar 30 ga Oktoba 2013, Sarkodie ta fitar da remix na hukuma na "You Go Kill Me". Waƙar ta kai lamba ta 1 a kan sigogi daban-daban a [[Ghana]]. Remix dinsa yana dauke da murya daga [[EL (rapper)|EL]]="mw:WikiLink" title="Wizkid (musician)">Wizkid, Ice Prince, Navio da EL.<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 October 2013 |title=Sarkodie drops u go kill me remix |url=http://www.totalshowbiz.com/36818/sarkodie-drops-u-go-kill-me-remix-ft-ice-prince-e-l-navio-and-wizkid/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20150428164525/http://www.totalshowbiz.com/36818/sarkodie-drops-u-go-kill-me-remix-ft-ice-prince-e-l-navio-and-wizkid/ |archive-date=28 April 2015 |access-date=1 November 2013}}</ref> A watan Janairun 2014, Sarkodie ya fitar da kundi na uku na studio ''Sarkology'' . Da farko an rubuta shi a Twi, kundin ya ƙunshi Bayyanar baƙi daga Fuse ODG, [[Davido]], [[Tiwa Savage]], [[Banky W|Banky W.]], Timaya, 2 Face Idibia, Efya, Mugeez, Obrafour, Burna Boy, Vivian Chidid, Vector, Silvastone, Sk Blinks, Stonebwoy, Joey B, J Town, Lil Shaker, Raquel, Sian, Kofi B, da AKA. Magnom, Hammer, Killbeatz, Masterkraft da Silvastone, da sauransu ne suka samar da shi. An gudanar da kide-kide na ƙaddamar da kundin a Filin wasa na Accra a watan Disamba.<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 December 2013 |title=Tracklist of Sarkodie's 30 track album |url=http://www.nydjlive.com/41773/leak-tracklist-for-sarkodies-30-track-sarkology-album-timaya-2-face-others-make-it/ |access-date=21 December 2013}}</ref> Sarkodie ya fitar da remix na hukuma na "Adonai". Ya ƙunshi murya daga Castro kuma ya bayyana a cikin jerin Capital Xtra na Top 35 Afrobeats Songs . <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 December 2014 |title=The 35 best Afro beats songs |url=http://www.www.capitalxtra.com/xplore/lists/best-afrobeats-songs-2014/#hZjg4dK4Z4wBjVjO.97 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150301190711/http://www.capitalxtra.com/xplore/lists/best-afrobeats-songs-2014/#hZjg4dK4Z4wBjVjO.97 |archive-date=1 March 2015 |access-date=5 December 2014}}</ref> Sarkodie ta ƙaddamar da lakabin rikodin Sarkcess Music a cikin 2014. A matsayin wani ɓangare na ƙaddamarwa, ya fara bidiyon "Adonai" (Remix) da "Special Someone". Sarkodie kuma ya fitar da waƙoƙin "Megye Wo Girl", "Love Rocks", "Chingum", da "Whine Fi Me" a ƙarƙashin lakabin. A ranar 3 ga Mayu 2014, Sarkodie ta yi a karo na 15 na Ghana Music Awards . <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 May 2014 |title=Incredible performance of Sarkodie, Castro and others at 2014 VGMA |url=http://www.spyghana.com/incredible-performance-of-sarkodiecastro-and-others-at-2014-vgma/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518073850/http://www.spyghana.com/incredible-performance-of-sarkodiecastro-and-others-at-2014-vgma/ |archive-date=18 May 2015 |access-date=3 May 2014}}</ref> A ranar 7 ga watan Yunin shekara ta 2014, ya shiga Miguel a kan mataki don yin waƙar "How Many Drinks?" a MTV Africa Music Awards . <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 2014 |title=If you missed it... Watch Sarkodie performance with Miguel at MTV Africa Music Awards |url=http://www.ameyawdebrah.com/missed-watch-sarkodies-performance-drake-mtv-africa-music-awards/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140616011504/http://www.ameyawdebrah.com/missed-watch-sarkodies-performance-drake-mtv-africa-music-awards/ |archive-date=16 June 2014 |access-date=13 June 2014}}</ref> A watan Yunin 2014, Sarkodie ya hada kai da Mi Casa, Lola Rae, [[Davido]], Diamond Platnumz da [[Tiwa Savage]] don yin rikodin "Africa Rising", waƙar don kamfen ɗin DSTV na wannan sunan. An tsara kamfen ɗin ne don karfafa 'yan Afirka su shiga cikin ayyukan saka hannun jari na zamantakewa. An saki bidiyon kiɗa na "Africa Rising" a ranar 24 ga Yuni 2014. Gidan samar da Afirka ta Kudu Callback Dream ne ya harbe shi kuma ya ba da umarni.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kaggwa |first=Andrew |date=29 June 2014 |title=DStv launches new campaign to inspire Africa |url=http://www.observer.ug/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32496:-dstv-launches-new-campaign-to-inspire-africa&catid=42:sizzling-entertainment&Itemid=74 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729024039/http://www.observer.ug/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32496:-dstv-launches-new-campaign-to-inspire-africa&catid=42:sizzling-entertainment&Itemid=74 |archive-date=29 July 2014 |access-date=23 July 2014 |publisher=The observer}}</ref> === 2015-2018: ''Maryamu'' da ''Mafi Girma'' === A ranar 10 ga Yuni 2015, Sarkodie ta saki "New Guy" mai taimakawa Ace Hood. An sake shi don amfani da dijital a ranar 10 ga Yuni 2015, ta hanyar Sarkcess Music da Ivy League Records. Mawallafin biyu ne suka rubuta kuma CedSolo ne ya samar da shi, "New Guy" waƙar hip hop da hip-hop ce ta Afirka wacce ta ƙunshi ayoyin rap masu sauyawa, yayin da kalmomin ta ke hulɗa da sha'awar Sarkodie da motsawa don nasara. Ci gaban "New Guy" ya fara ne a farkon 2015 lokacin da Sarkodie ya biya jimlar $ 25,000 don rufe kudaden samarwa da ke da alaƙa da rikodin.<ref name="NYDJLive.com sneak peek">{{Cite web |last=Donkoh |first=Ebenezer |date=15 May 2015 |title=Sneak Preview: Sarkodie ft Ace Hood – New Guy |url=http://nydjlive.com/55085/sneak-preview-sarkodie-ft-ace-hood-new-guy/ |access-date=22 October 2016 |website=NYDJLive.com}}</ref> Ya kuma so Ace Hood ya bayyana a kan waƙar saboda ya dauke shi "daya daga cikin rappers mafi iko a duniya". A ranar 12 ga Satumba 2015, Sarkodie ya saki Mary, wani kundin rayuwa mai suna bayan kakarsa wacce ta mutu a shekarar 2012. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 December 2014 |title=Sarkodie announces new album title |url=http://www.yfmghana.com/entertainment/sarkodie-announces-new-album-title-dedicates-it-to-his-granny |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150418225549/http://www.yfmghana.com/entertainment/sarkodie-announces-new-album-title-dedicates-it-to-his-granny |archive-date=18 April 2015 |access-date=1 January 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=20 July 2015 |title=Sarkodie to launch live album on September 12 |url=http://pulse.com.gh/music/mary-sarkodie-to-launch-live-album-on-september-12-id3993398.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150803194202/http://pulse.com.gh/music/mary-sarkodie-to-launch-live-album-on-september-12-id3993398.html |archive-date=3 August 2015 |access-date=20 July 2015}}</ref> An saki "Mewu" a matsayin jagora daga kundin watanni biyu da suka gabata.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 July 2015 |title=Sarkodie Mewu |url=http://www.ghanandwom.com/sarkodie-mewu-feat-akwaboah/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150710224615/http://www.ghanandwom.com/sarkodie-mewu-feat-akwaboah/ |archive-date=10 July 2015 |access-date=10 July 2015}}</ref> An gudanar da zaman sa hannu don kundin a West Hills Mall a [[Accra]]. Sarkodie ya sayar da kusan 4,000 na kundin a ranar farko da aka saki shi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 September 2015 |title=Sarkodie Mary Album Sells Almost 4,000 Copies In A Day |url=http://georgebritton.com/gb/latest-news.php?newsid=862#sthash.e3kRbpYA.KbMEie6b.dpbs |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220217115106/http://georgebritton.com/gb/latest-news.php?newsid=862#sthash.e3kRbpYA.KbMEie6b.dpbs |archive-date=17 February 2022 |access-date=14 September 2015}}</ref> A watan Fabrairun 2016, ya yi magana da ƙungiyar ɗaliban Makarantar Kasuwanci ta Harvard. Taken "The Art of the Hustle", jawabinsa ya fi mayar da hankali ne game da kalubalen da ke tattare da kasancewa mawaƙin Afirka. Sarkodie ya kuma yi a taron bayan jawabinsa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=29 February 2016 |title=Sarkodie speaks at Harvard |url=http://www.todaygh.com/sarkodie-speaks-at-harvard/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170706035624/http://www.todaygh.com/sarkodie-speaks-at-harvard/ |archive-date=6 July 2017 |access-date=9 September 2017 |publisher=Today Newspaper}}</ref> Sarkodie ya gudanar da bugu na huɗu na kide-kide na Rapperholic a ranar Kirsimeti. An sayar da tikiti don taron a cikin sa'o'i 72 bayan an sake shi. Gidan wasan kwaikwayon ya ƙunshi ƙarin wasan kwaikwayo daga Fuse ODG, R2Bees, [[Wizkid]], Samini, [[VVIP (hip hop group)|VVIP]], Efya da Shatta Wale . <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 December 2015 |title=Sarkodie RapperholicConcert |url=http://mobile.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Video-Full-performance-at-Sarkodie-s-Rapperholic-Concert-403475 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160105090656/http://mobile.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Video-Full-performance-at-Sarkodie-s-Rapperholic-Concert-403475 |archive-date=5 January 2016 |access-date=26 December 2015}}</ref> A ranar 11 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 2016, Sarkodie ta yi tare da ƙungiyar kiɗa, The Composers a wurin O2's Indigo; DJ Abrantee ne ya shirya taron.<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2016 |title=Sarkodie Live At The O2 Arena |url=http://ameyawdebrah.com/dress-change-crazy-fans-exclusives-photos-sarkodie-concert-o2-arena/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160313235750/http://ameyawdebrah.com/dress-change-crazy-fans-exclusives-photos-sarkodie-concert-o2-arena/ |archive-date=13 March 2016 |access-date=13 March 2016}}</ref> Sarkodie ya fitar da kundi na biyar na studio Highest a ranar 8 ga Satumba 2017. Ya ƙunshi waƙoƙi 19, ciki har da 3 interludes da waƙar kyauta.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mawuli |first=David |date=19 August 2017 |title=Sarkodie to drop 5th studio album September 8 |url=http://www.pulse.com.gh/entertainment/music/highest-sarkodie-to-drop-5th-studio-album-september-8-id7172213.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170909095833/http://www.pulse.com.gh/entertainment/music/highest-sarkodie-to-drop-5th-studio-album-september-8-id7172213.html |archive-date=9 September 2017 |access-date=9 September 2017 |publisher=Pulse}}</ref> An sake shi ta hanyar Sarkcess Music da Dice Recordings, kundin ya ƙunshi bayyanar baƙi daga Jesse Jagz, Moelogo, Flavour, Korede Bello, [[Victoria Kimani]] da Big Narstie. Jayso ne ya samar da ''Mafi Girma'', tare da ƙarin samarwa daga Masterkraft, TSpize, Ced Solo, Nova da Guilty Beatz.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kpade |first=Sabo |date=8 September 2017 |title=The Artist Is Present: Sarkodie's New Album, 'Highest,' Is A Ghanaian Rap Tour De Force |url=http://www.okayafrica.com/audio/sarkodie-highest-new-album-download/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170909100055/http://www.okayafrica.com/audio/sarkodie-highest-new-album-download/ |archive-date=9 September 2017 |access-date=9 September 2017 |publisher=OkayAfrica}}</ref> === 2019: ''Alfa'' da Black Love''Ƙaunar Baƙar fata'' === Sarkodie ya fitar da wasan sa na farko mai tsawo ''Alfa'' a watan Yunin 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 2019 |title=Alpha - EP by Sarkodie |url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/alpha-ep/1466102951 |access-date=24 December 2019 |website=Apple Music }}{{Dead link|date=February 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> EP ɗin 6-track yana nuna bayyanar baƙi daga Joey B da Ebony Reigns.<ref name="Joy Online 2">{{Cite web |last=Yakubu |first=Nasiba |date=28 March 2019 |title=Sarkodie to release collab with Ebony in new Alpha EP |url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/entertainment/2019/May-28th/sarkodie-to-release-collab-with-ebony-in-new-alpha-ep.php |access-date=24 December 2019 |website=Joy Online 2 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Sarkodie ya yi ba'a da haɗin gwiwarsa tare da Reigns a lokacin kide-kide na Ebony Reigns, wanda ya tuna da marigayi mawaƙin.<ref name="Joy Online 2" /> Ya fitar da kundi na biyar na Black Love a ranar 20 ga Disamba 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 December 2019 |title=Black Love by Sarkodie |url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/black-love/1491382459 |access-date=23 December 2019 |website=Apple Music |archive-date=24 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191224003153/https://music.apple.com/us/album/black-love/1491382459 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya ƙunshi masu zane-zane irin su Mr Eazi, Efya, Donae'o, [[Idris Elba]], Stonebwoy, [[Tekno (mawaki)|Tekno]], Maleek Berry, Herman Suede, King Promise da [[Kizz Daniel]] . <ref name="OkayAfrica 1">{{Cite web |last=Durosomo |first=Damola |date=20 December 2019 |title=Sarkodie Releases New Album 'Black Love' |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/stream-listen-sarkodie-new-album-black-love-ghanaian-rap-hip-hop/ |access-date=23 December 2019 |website=OkayAfrica 1}}</ref> Kundin ya sami goyon baya daga waƙoƙin da aka saki a baya "Party & Bullshit", "Saara", "Do You" da "Can't Let Go".<ref name="OkayAfrica 1" /> A wata hira da OkayAfrica a watan Nuwamba, Sarkodie ya ce kundin yana bincika jigogi na soyayya da dangantaka.<ref name="OkayAfrica 1" /> A ranar 19 ga Afrilu 2021, Sarkodie ya sanar da za a saki kundi na 7 na Studio, mai taken "No Pressure". An ɗora bidiyon trailer a YouTube, cikin tsammanin abin da magoya baya za su yi tsammani daga kundin. Koyaya, a ranar 25 ga Yulin 2021, Sarkodie ta ba da sanarwar ƙididdigar kwanaki 5 na kundin wanda za a saki a ranar 30 ga Yulin 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sarkodie Starts 5 Days Countdown To 'No Pressure' Album Release |url=https://www.africabillboard.com/sarkodie-starts-5-days-countdown-to-no-pressure-album-release/ |access-date=18 May 2022 |website=AfricaBillboard |archive-date=1 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220701020754/https://www.africabillboard.com/sarkodie-starts-5-days-countdown-to-no-pressure-album-release/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> === 2021: Babu Album na Matsi === Sarkodie ya fitar da kundin, No Pressure, a ranar 30 ga Yulin 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 July 2021 |title=Sarkdie's 'No Pressure' track list drops with features from Wale, Kwesi Arthur and more |url=https://www.pulse.com.gh/entertainment/music/sarkdies-no-pressure-track-list-drops-with-features-from-wale-kwesi-arthur-and-more/dqnmwnv |access-date=1 August 2021 |website=Pulse Ghana |language=en}}</ref> Kundin ya ƙunshi Wale, Vic Mensa, Giggs, Cassper Nyovest, Harmonize, Oxlade, Kwesi Arthur, Darko Vibes, Medikal, da MOGmusic.<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2021 |title=Sarkodie releases No Pressure album |url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/sarkodie-releases-no-pressure-album |access-date=21 August 2021 |website=Music In Africa |language=en}}</ref> === 2022: ''Jamz'' Album === Sarkodie a ƙarshen 2022 ya fitar da kundin, ''Jamz'' wanda ke da siffofi daga Black Sheriff, King Promise, Inkboy da kuma manyan ayyukan Najeriya. Manyan abubuwan da suka faru a cikinsu sune Labadi tare da King Promise da Countryside tare da Black Sheriff wanda ya lashe kyautar Best Collaboration <ref>{{Cite web |last=Amadotor |first=Samuel |date=7 May 2023 |title=Sarkodie's "Country Side" wins "Collaboration of the Year" at the 2023 VGMAs - Dklassgh.com |url=https://dklassgh.net/2023/05/07/sarkodies-country-side-wins-collaboration-of-the-year-at-the-2023-vgmas/ |access-date=12 June 2023 |language=en-US |archive-date=12 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230612161903/https://dklassgh.net/2023/05/07/sarkodies-country-side-wins-collaboration-of-the-year-at-the-2023-vgmas/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> a 2023 Vodafone Ghana Music Awards. <ref>{{Cite web |last=GNA |date=7 May 2023 |title=24th VGMAs: Full list of winners |url=https://gna.org.gh/2023/05/24th-vgmas-full-list-of-winners/ |access-date=12 June 2023 |website=Ghana News Agency |language=en-US}}</ref> === 2023: Yawon shakatawa na Duniya na Jamz === Sarkodie ya sanar da yawon shakatawa mai zuwa na 2023 - yawon shakata na JAMZ World- ta hanyar shafinsa na YouTube a watan Satumbar 2023. A lokacin Jamz World Tour, rapper Sarkodie ya ziyarci kasashe da yawa a duk faɗin Afirka da [[Turai]]. Wannan yawon shakatawa ya haɗa da tsayawa tara a cikin ƙasashen Turai daban-daban, gami da [[Birtaniya|Burtaniya]], [[Faransa]], [[Sweden]], [[Denmark]], Ireland, [[Holand|Netherlands]], da [[Jamus]]. Sarkodie ya dauki matakai a kowane tsayawa don isar da aikin da ba za a iya mantawa da shi ba, yana nuna baiwarsa ta musamman da kuma kasancewar mataki mai ban sha'awa <ref>{{Cite web |last=crackerslab |date=2023-04-03 |title=Sarkodie Jamz World Tour, Dates, Tickets, Time, Venues |url=https://chillinginghana.com/sarkodie-jamz-world-tour-dates-tickets-time-venues/ |access-date=2023-10-15 |website=Chilling In Ghana |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-10-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231020183805/https://chillinginghana.com/sarkodie-jamz-world-tour-dates-tickets-time-venues/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Duk da haka, ya rasa wasan kwaikwayon Jam World Tour a Detroit saboda matsalolin jirgin sama. Dole ne ya sauka na gaggawa a Delta Air Line a tsibirin da ke Portugal, kuma ya zargi kamfanin jirgin sama da wannan.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Delta Airlines made me miss my Detroit tour – Sarkodie |url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/delta-airlines-made-me-miss-my-detroit-tour-sarkodie |access-date=2023-09-14 |website=www.myjoyonline.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Online |first=Peace FM |title="We Almost Landed" In "The Ocean" – On Sarkodie's Facebook Wall |url=https://peacefmonline.com/pages/showbiz/news/202309/492770.php |access-date=2023-09-14 |website=Peacefmonline.com - Ghana news |archive-date=2023-09-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912202132/https://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/showbiz/news/202309/492770.php |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Sanarwa == Sarkodie sau da yawa yana yin rap a cikin yarensa, [[Yaren Akan|Twi]], yaren Ghana kuma an dauke shi "mai rap mai yawa" saboda nau'ikan kiɗa daban-daban da yake da shi. Sarkodie sau da yawa ana kiranta a matsayin daya daga cikin masu fasahar hip hop mafi kyau a Afirka.<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 August 2016 |title=Ghana Web |url=http://mobile.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Sarkodie-is-the-greatest-in-the-game-Khuli-Chana-463613 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160824135619/http://mobile.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Sarkodie-is-the-greatest-in-the-game-Khuli-Chana-463613 |archive-date=24 August 2016 |access-date=19 August 2016}}</ref> MTV Base ta sanya shi na shida a cikin jerin sunayen MCs mafi zafi na Afirka a shekarar 2014. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 October 2014 |title=Mtv Base hottest MC's |url=http://www.mtvbase.com/news/mtv-base-hottest-african-mcs/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141009201215/http://www.mtvbase.com/news/mtv-base-hottest-african-mcs |archive-date=9 October 2014 |access-date=2 October 2014}}</ref> A cikin 2013, Lynx TV ta sanya shi na farko a cikin jerin sunayen "Top 10 Ghanaian Rappers of All Time". <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 January 2013 |title=Top 10 Ghanaian rappers of all time |url=http://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2013/01/13/top-10-ghanaian-rappers-of-all-time-do-you-agree/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130115173313/http://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2013/01/13/top-10-ghanaian-rappers-of-all-time-do-you-agree |archive-date=15 January 2013 |access-date=13 January 2013}}</ref> A cikin 2015, AfricaRanking.com ya sanya shi na uku a cikin jerin sunayen "Top 10 African Rappers of 2015". <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 April 2015 |title=Top 10 African rappers |url=http://www.africaranking.com/top-10-african-rappers/2/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518111321/http://www.africaranking.com/top-10-african-rappers/2/ |archive-date=18 May 2015 |access-date=20 April 2015}}</ref> A cikin 2015, ''[[The Guardian]]'' ya lissafa shi a matsayin daya daga cikin manyan ayyukan hip hop guda biyar a nahiyar Afirka.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 June 2015 |title=The playlist African hip hop |url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2015/jun/15/the-playlist-african-pop-olamide-aka-youssoupha-sarkodie-jovi-mtv-africa-music-awards |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150615181002/http://www.theguardian.com/music/2015/jun/15/the-playlist-african-pop-olamide-aka-youssoupha-sarkodie-jovi-mtv-africa-music-awards |archive-date=15 June 2015 |access-date=15 June 2015 |website=[[TheGuardian.com]]}}</ref> Ya kasance na 8 a kan Forbes da Channel O's 2013 da 2015 jerin Top 10 Richest / Bankable African Artistes . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 September 2013 |title=Wizkid richer than 2Face, Banky W – Forbes |url=http://thecityreporters.com/wizkid-richer-than-2face-banky-w-forbes/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150701173535/http://thecityreporters.com/wizkid-richer-than-2face-banky-w-forbes/ |archive-date=1 July 2015 |access-date=15 December 2013 |publisher=The City Reporters}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=3 September 2013 |title=Sarkodie Makes Forbes Top 10 Richest Africa Artistes |url=http://thechronicle.com.gh/sarkodie-makes-forbes-top-10-richest-africa-artistes/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131212140718/http://thechronicle.com.gh/sarkodie-makes-forbes-top-10-richest-africa-artistes/ |archive-date=12 December 2013 |access-date=15 December 2013 |publisher=The Chronicle}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=29 September 2015 |title=Forbes Top 10 Richest African Musicians |url=http://howafrica.com/forbes-top-10-richest-african-musicians-for-2015/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150930021338/http://howafrica.com/forbes-top-10-richest-african-musicians-for-2015/ |archive-date=30 September 2015 |access-date=29 September 2015 |publisher=How Africa}}</ref> A cikin 2020, ya lashe kyautar "Artiste of the Year" a lokacin Ghana Music Awards USA (GMA USA). Ya yi aiki tare da mawaƙa daban-daban na duniya ciki har da E-40 (wanda Sarkodie ya nuna a kan waƙarsa ta 'CEO Flow', Ace Hood (wanda aka nuna a kan Sarkodie's 'New Guy'). Ya kuma kasance mai zane-zane a kan Jidenna's Bambi Too, wanda aka nuna shi tare da Quavo . == Taimako == A ranar 13 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2013, Sarkodie ta kaddamar da Gidauniyar Sarkodie, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sarkodie Expresses His Love For Children As He Donates To The Royal Seed Orphanage |url=https://www.modernghana.com/entertainment/22213/sarkodie-expresses-his-love-for-children-as-he.html |access-date=6 March 2021 |website=Modern Ghana |language=en}}</ref> wata kungiya mai zaman kanta da aka sadaukar don tallafawa yara marasa galihu. Ya ba da gudummawa mai yawa ga gidan marayu na Royal Seed Home a Kasoa . <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 July 2013 |title=Sarkodie foundation donates to royal seed orphanage |url=http://www.omgghana.com/photos-sarkodie-foundation-donates-to-royal-seed-orphanage/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150711170426/http://omgghana.com/photos-sarkodie-foundation-donates-to-royal-seed-orphanage/ |archive-date=11 July 2015 |access-date=13 July 2013}}</ref> A ranar 25 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2014, Gidauniyar ta fara "Kamfen ɗin ciyar da Yara" a Tema, Ghana, inda suka ba dubban yara jaka na shinkafa, yogurt da gwangwani. Sun kuma ba da jaka na makaranta, kwalabe na ruwa, hular da sauran abubuwa. [[Roshi Motman]], Shugaba na Tigo Telecommunications, shi ma ya halarci don tallafawa yakin.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 February 2017 |title=Photos: Sarkodie supports Kwaw Kese's donation to Pantang Psychiatric Hospital |url=http://livefmghana.com/2017/02/15/photos-sarkodie-supports-kwaw-keses-donation-pantang-psychiatric-hospital/ |access-date=20 April 2019 |website=Live 91.9 FM |language=en-US |archive-date=20 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420090934/http://livefmghana.com/2017/02/15/photos-sarkodie-supports-kwaw-keses-donation-pantang-psychiatric-hospital/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=25 December 2014 |title=Sarkodie foundation donates to royal seed orphanage |url=http://www.ghanamotion.com/sarkodie-and-his-family-spent-christmas-feeding-less-fortunate-kids/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141230094952/http://www.ghanamotion.com/sarkodie-and-his-family-spent-christmas-feeding-less-fortunate-kids/ |archive-date=30 December 2014 |access-date=25 December 2014}}</ref> == Ayyukan kasuwanci da amincewa == Sarkodie ta mallaki Sark by Yas tufafin, wanda aka ƙaddamar a ranar 27 ga Afrilu 2013. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sarkodie launches his Sark by Yas clothing line |url=http://www.spyghana.com/sarkodie-launches-his-sark-by-yas-clothing-line/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131211033109/http://www.spyghana.com/sarkodie-launches-his-sark-by-yas-clothing-line/ |archive-date=11 December 2013 |access-date=6 December 2013 |publisher=SpyGhana}}</ref> Layin tufafi yana da kayan haɗi ga maza, mata da yara.<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 April 2013 |title=Sarkodie launches Sark collection fashion show night |url=http://www.www.fashionghana.com/site/sarkodie-launches-sark-collection-fashion-show-tonight/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130501152255/http://www.fashionghana.com/site/sarkodie-launches-sark-collection-fashion-show-tonight/ |archive-date=1 May 2013 |access-date=27 April 2013}}</ref> A shekara ta 2012, an bayyana shi a hukumance a matsayin Jakadan Brand na Samsung Electronics a [[Jami'ar Ghana]], Legon . <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 November 2012 |title=Samsung unveils Ghanaian music star Sarkodie as Brand Ambassador |url=http://www.ghanabusinessnews.com/2012/11/12/samsung-unveils-ghanaian-music-star-sarkodie-as-brand-ambassador/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131214045655/http://www.ghanabusinessnews.com/2012/11/12/samsung-unveils-ghanaian-music-star-sarkodie-as-brand-ambassador/ |archive-date=14 December 2013 |access-date=6 December 2013 |publisher=GBN}}</ref> A matsayin wani ɓangare na taron, Samsung ya bayyana Samsung Galaxy Pocket da Chief Hero Phones waɗanda ke da takardun bango na Sarkodie da sa hannun sa; masu amfani suna da damar sauke waƙoƙi na musamman na Sarkodia.<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 November 2012 |title=Sarkodie unveiled as Samsung's brand ambassador |url=http://www.ghananewsagency.org/economics/sarkodie-unveiled-as-samsung-s-brand-ambassador-52096 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150701181658/http://www.ghananewsagency.org/economics/sarkodie-unveiled-as-samsung-s-brand-ambassador-52096 |archive-date=1 July 2015 |access-date=11 November 2012}}</ref> Ya kuma ƙaddamar da belun kunne na Obidi kuma ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar amincewa tare da FanMilk Ghana a cikin 2013. <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 January 2013 |title=Sarkodie goes 'milky' with endorsement deal from Fan Milk Ghana |url=http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/artikel.php?ID=262988 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131211055652/http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/artikel.php?ID=262988 |archive-date=11 December 2013 |access-date=6 December 2013 |publisher=Ghanaweb}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=10 December 2012 |title=Sarkodie branded headphones now on sale |url=http://www.ghanareporters.com/2012/12/10/photo-sarkodie-branded-headphones-now-on-sale/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130326020032/http://ghanareporters.com/2012/12/10/photo-sarkodie-branded-headphones-now-on-sale/ |archive-date=26 March 2013 |access-date=10 December 2012}}</ref> Sarkodie a halin yanzu yana cikin haɗin gwiwa tare da Tigo Telecommunications Ghana, alama ce da ta dauki nauyin yawon shakatawa na Rapperholic na 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 July 2013 |title=Sarkodie visits Tigo offices |url=http://www.businessghana.com/portal/news/index.php?op=getNews&id=187375 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131210115702/http://www.businessghana.com/portal/news/index.php?op=getNews&id=187375 |archive-date=10 December 2013 |access-date=7 December 2013 |publisher=Business Ghana}}</ref> Sarkodie kuma tana da yarjejeniyar amincewa tare da Bankin Standard Chartered - babban kamfanin banki a Afirka da Guinness Ghana Limited don samfurin abin sha na Malt. A ranar 30 ga Oktoba 2019, an nada shi a matsayin jakada don yakin neman zabe na [[Shekarar Dawowa, Ghana 2019|Shekarar Komawa]]; an ba shi girmamawa a Taron Masana'antar Ayyuka. <ref>{{Cite web |date=31 October 2019 |title=Sarkodie named 'Year of Return' Ambassador |url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/entertainment/showbiz-news/sarkodie-named-year-of-return-ambassador.html |access-date=31 October 2019 |website=Graphic Online |language=en-gb}}</ref> A watan Maris na 2021, Sarkodie da ƙaramar 'yarsa sun fito ne a cikin babbar alama ta maganin hakora ta Ghana - Pepsodent Ghana ta #BrushWithMe campaign ad. An yi kamfen ɗin ne don tara iyaye da masu kula da su don farawa da ƙarfafa aikin goge hakora na rana da dare tare da yaransu. An yi wannan ne don tunawa da Ranar Lafiya ta Duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sarkodie and his adorable daughter Titi join the Pepsodent #Brushwithme me challenge |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Sarkodie-and-his-adorable-daughter-Titi-join-the-Pepsodent-Brushwithme-me-challenge-1215001 |access-date=25 March 2021 |website=Ghana Web}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Sarkodie Gives Young Talents A Tip On How To Stay In The Game For Long |url=https://www.hitz360.com/sarkodie-gives-young-talents-a-tip-on-how-to-stay-in-the-game-for-long/ |access-date=1 June 2021 |website=Hitz360}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta mutum == Sarkodie ta auri Tracy a wani bikin aure na sirri da aka gudanar a Tema, Ghana a ranar 17 ga Yulin 2018. Suna da 'ya'ya biyu.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mensah |first=Jeffrey |date=8 September 2020 |title=Sarkodie flaunts his son MJ in latest photo |url=https://yen.com.gh/169463-sarkodie-shows-son-mj-photo.html |access-date=6 March 2021 |website=Yen.com.gh - Ghana news. |language=en}}</ref> A cikin wata hira, ya bayyana cewa an raba shi da iyayensa a lokacin yaro wanda ya kai shi ga zama 'mai tsattsauran ra'ayi da kiyayewa ga rayuwa.' <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agambila |first=Dorcas |date=2023-07-26 |title='I didn't know where mum and dad were' - Sarkodie on how past difficulties shaped him |url=https://www.pulse.com.gh/entertainment/celebrities/i-didnt-know-where-mum-and-dad-were-sarkodie-on-how-past-difficulties-shaped-him/svdjrr3 |access-date=2023-09-14 |website=Pulse Ghana |language=en}}</ref> == Rashin jituwa == === Shatta Wale === Shatta Wale da Sarkodie suna da kyakkyawar dangantaka amma babu wanda ya san abin da ya haifar da mummunan rauni tsakanin mawaƙa biyu. Shatta Wale ya fara sukar Sarkodie a kowane damar da ya samu. Sarkodie a wani lokaci ya gaji da Shatta Wale ya ci gaba da kai hari kan alamar sa don haka ya kuma amsa masa da waƙar "Advice".Amma a ranar 23 ga watan Agusta, 2023 Shatta Wale a wata hira da X-link" data-linkid="376" href="./Serwaa_Amihere" id="mwAYA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Serwaa Amihere">Serwaa Amihere a kan X (Twitter) Space ya bayyana dalilin da ya sa yake koyaushe a kan Sarkodie kuma a cewarsa game da yarjejeniyar GLO ce wanda dukansu biyu suka amince da karɓar adadi mafi girma amma Sarkodie ya koma karɓar ƙasa ba tare da saninsa ba === Yvonne Nelson === A cikin tarihin da ake kira "''Ni ba [[Yvonne Nelson]] ba ne''", 'yar wasan Ghana, Yvonne Jackson, ta ba da labarin dangantakarta ta baya da Sarkodie. Ta bayyana yadda ta yi ciki ba zato ba tsammani a gare shi kuma ta yanke shawarar kawo karshen ciki.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1970-01-01 |title=Yvonne Nelson's Love Life as Depicted in Her Book. |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/region/saharawriters/Yvonne-Nelson-s-Love-Life-as-Depicted-in-Her-Book-113090 |access-date=2023-07-24 |website=GhanaWeb |language=en |archive-date=2023-06-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230621202706/https://www.ghanaweb.com/region/saharawriters/Yvonne-Nelson-s-Love-Life-as-Depicted-in-Her-Book-113090 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Daga baya, Sarkodie ta amsa wa Yvonne Nelson tare da fitaccen guda daya da ake kira Try Me. Ya bayyana a fili a cikin waƙar, ba shi ne wanda ya nemi Yvonne ta dakatar da ciki ba amma Yvonne, kanta, ta nemi a dakatar da ciki saboda ƙudurin da ta yi na kada ta kawo karshen karatunta. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-07-01 |title=Sarkodie’s 'Try Me' response to Yvonne Nelson - MyJoyOnline |url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/breakdown-of-sarkodies-try-me-response-to-yvonne-nelson/ |access-date=2024-04-07 |website=www.myjoyonline.com |language=en-US}}</ref> === Samini === A watan Janairun 2023, dan wasan dancehall na Ghana, Samini, ya zargi Sarkodie da rashin girmamawa, saboda ya yi watsi da shi bayan ya tuntubi Sarkodie don haɗin gwiwa. Sarkodie daga baya ya nemi gafara ga Samini a wani shirin rediyo amma ya yi iƙirarin zargin Samini bazai kasance ainihin niyyarsa ba.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-11 |title=You should have applied wisdom in your response – Samini 'stings' Sarkodie |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/You-should-have-applied-wisdom-in-your-response-Samini-stings-Sarkodie-1842005 |access-date=2023-09-14 |website=GhanaWeb |language=en}}</ref> == Abubuwan da suka faru == Shahararren mai zane, Sarkodie ya ba da labarin wani abin bakin ciki inda ya fuskanci kusan mutuwa tare da Delta Airline. Matsalar ta haɗa da saukowar gaggawa a tsibirin da ke nesa a [[Portugal]], wanda ya jefa inuwa mai duhu a tunaninsa na Asabar, 9 ga Satumba 2023 . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sarkodie disclosed his horrible encounter with delta Airlines |url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/entertainment/showbiz-news/we-almost-landed-in-the-ocean-sarkodie-writes-about-near-death-experience-with-delta-airlines.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Lartey |first=Winifred |date=2023-09-11 |title="We almost landed in the ocean", Sarkodie on Delta Air Lines experience |url=https://asaaseradio.com/we-almost-landed-in-the-ocean-sarkodie-on-delta-air-lines-experience/ |access-date=2023-09-23 |website=Asaase Radio |language=en-US}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa == == Bayanan da aka yi == <div> {| class="col-begin" role="presentation" | class="col-break col-break-2" |'''Kundin studio''' * ''Makye'' (2009) * ''Mai son kai'' (2012) * ''[[Sarkology]]'' (2014) * ''[[Highest (Sarkodie album)|Mafi Girma]]'' (2017) * ''Black Love Album'' (2019) * ''Babu Matsi'' (2021) * ''Jamz'' (2022) | class="col-break col-break-2" |'''Albums na rayuwa''' * ''[[Mary (Sarkodie album)|Maryamu]]'' (2015) '''Kayan haɗin gwiwa''' * T.M.G <small> (tare da [[Jayso]]) </small> (2013) '''EPs''' * ''Alfa'' (2019) * ''Gasar cin kofin'' (2024) |} </div> == manazarta == <nowiki>.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</nowiki> [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1985]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] flfda5z5g2udu82abdi1sr7iyr801tu 0 89611 829772 719494 2026-05-05T01:25:08Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829772 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Septian Satria Bagaskara''' (an haife shi a ranar 26 ga watan Satumbar shekara ta 1997) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Indonesia wanda ke taka leda a matsayina ɗan wasan gaba na kungiyar Lig 1 Dewa United . <ref name="soccerway">{{Cite web |title=Indonesia - S. Bagaskara - Profile with news, career statistics and history |url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/septian-satria-bagaskara/654383/ |access-date=2018-11-12 |website=Soccerway}}</ref> == Ayyukan kulob din == === Persik Kediri === An haife shi a Kediri, Bagaskara ya fara aikin sana'a tare da Persedikab Kediri a cikin 2016, A cikin 2017 Bagaskara ta shiga Persik Kediri . A ranar 25 ga Nuwamba 2019 Persik ya samu nasarar lashe gasar Lig 1 ta 2019 kuma ya ci gaba zuwa Liga 1, bayan ya ci Persita Tangerang 3-2 a Filin wasa na Kapten I Wayan Dipta, Gianyar . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Septian Satria Bagaskara: Dari Suporter Jadi Striker Andalan |url=https://merahputih.com/post/read/septian-satria-bagaskara-dari-suporter-jadi-striker-andalan |access-date=26 September 2019}}</ref> ==== Persekat Tegal (an ba da rancen) ==== An sanya hannu ga Persekat Tegal don yin wasa a hanyar yankin Liga 3: Java ta Tsakiya a kakar shekara 2018, a aro daga Persik Kediri . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Enam Pemain Pulang ke Kandang Macan |url=https://radarkediri.jawapos.com/read/2018/05/12/72691/enam-pemain-pulang-ke-kandang-macan |access-date=12 May 2018 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> === RANIN Nusantara === Bagaskara ta sanya hannu ga RANIN Nusantara don yin wasa a Lig 1 a kakar 2022-23. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Resmi, RANS Cilegon Datangkan Bomber yang Pernah Menimba Ilmu di Manchester United |url=https://www.indosport.com/sepakbola/20220512/resmi-rans-cilegon-datangkan-bomber-yang-pernah-menimba-ilmu-di-manchester-united |access-date=12 May 2022 |publisher=www.indosport.com }}{{Dead link|date=September 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Ya fara buga wasan farko a ranar 23 ga watan Yulin 2022 a wasan da ya yi da [[Semarang]]" id="mwMg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="PSIS Semarang">PSIS Semarang a Filin wasa na Jatidiri, Semarang . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hasil Liga 1: PSIS vs Rans FC Imbang 1-1, Gol Marukawa Dibalas Konate |url=https://www.cnnindonesia.com/olahraga/20220723164842-142-825258/hasil-liga-1-psis-vs-rans-fc-imbang-1-1-gol-marukawa-dibalas-konate |access-date=2022-07-23 |website=www.cnnindonesia.com}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga gwagwalada watan Yulin 2022, Bagaskara ya zira kwallaye na farko a gasar tare da zira kwallayen biyu a wasan 3-3 a kan PSS Sleman a Filin wasa na Pakansari . A ranar 9 ga Disamba 2022, Bagaskara ya zira kwallaye a minti na 44 kuma ya ceci RANS Nusantara daga rasa Persikabo 1973. Sakamakon ya gwagwalada ci 1-1 . <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 December 2022 |title=Hasil Liga 1 RANS FC vs Persikabo 1973 1-1, Septian Bagaskara Selamatkan Klub Raffi Ahmad |url=https://kupang.tribunnews.com/2022/12/09/hasil-liga-1-rans-fc-vs-persikabo-1973-1-1-septian-bagaskara-selamatkan-klub-raffi-ahmad |access-date=21 December 2022 |website=Tribunnews}}</ref> Bayan mako guda, ya zira kwallaye a nasarar 2-1 a kan Bhayangkara.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 December 2022 |title=Sempat Unggul, Bhayangkara FC Dipecundangi Rans Nusantara FC 1-2 |url=https://www.ajnn.net/news/sempat-unggul-bhayangkara-fc-dipecundangi-rans-nusantara-fc-1-2/index.html |access-date=21 December 2022 |website=AJNN |language=id}}</ref> == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == Ya fara buga and wasan farko na kasa da kasa an Indonesia U23 a ranar 7 ga Yuni, 2019 a kan for Thailand U23 a gasar cin Kofin Merlion na 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hasil Merlion Cup 2019: Timnas Indonesia U-23 Gagal ke Final |url=https://www.cnnindonesia.com/olahraga/20190607171434-142-401646/hasil-merlion-cup-2019-timnas-indonesia-u-23-gagal-ke-final |access-date=7 June 2019}}</ref> == Daraja == === Kungiyar === '''Persik Kediri''' * Ligue 2: 2019 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Persik Kediri Juara Liga 2 2019 |url=https://sport.detik.com/sepakbola/liga-indonesia/d-4798079/persik-kediri-juara-liga-2-2019 |access-date=25 November 2019 |website=sport.detik.com |language=id |archive-date=7 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200107125612/https://sport.detik.com/sepakbola/liga-indonesia/d-4798079/persik-kediri-juara-liga-2-2019 |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Liga 3: 2018 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Persik Kediri: Juara, Top Skor, Pemain Terbaik, Hingga Tim Fair Play |url=https://radarkediri.jawapos.com/read/2018/12/31/111076/persik-kediri-juara-top-skor-pemain-terbaik-hingga-tim-fair-play |access-date=31 December 2018 |archive-date=30 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190930195910/https://radarkediri.jawapos.com/read/2018/12/31/111076/persik-kediri-juara-top-skor-pemain-terbaik-hingga-tim-fair-play |url-status=dead }}</ref> === Mutumin da ya fi so === * Liga 3 Babban mai zira kwallaye: 2018 (21 goals) == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{Soccerway|septian-satria-bagaskara/654383}} * [https://ligaindonesiabaru.com/clubs/singleplayer/LIGA_1_2020/septian_satria_bagaskara Septian Bagaskara] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230420052317/https://ligaindonesiabaru.com/clubs/singleplayer/LIGA_1_2020/septian_satria_bagaskara |date=2023-04-20 }} a Liga Indonesia (a cikin Indonesian) {{Dewa United F.C. squad}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1997]] nx05x3mp1uh8tu2vgoesnri7lu8u2ai 0 90393 830135 565629 2026-05-05T11:33:52Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 830135 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} ''Stellantis N.V.''' shine <!-- kar a ƙara asalin ƙasa ko ƙasa ba tare da tattaunawa mai kyau ba. --> Kamfanin masana'antu na duniya [[motoci | kera motoci]] wanda aka kirkira daga hadewa a cikin 2021 na Italiyanci-Amurka conglomerate [[Fiat Chrysler Automobiles]] (FCA) da Faransa [[PSA Group]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/merged-fiat-chrysler-psa-company-to-be-named-stellantis-11594837979|title=Fiat Chrysler to Be Renamed Stellantis After Merger With PSA|work=[[Wall Street Journal]]|date=15 July 2020}}</ref><ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-stellantis-italy-idUSKBN2BH1WP Stellantis weighs closing production line at Italy's Melfi plant - union], [[Reuters]], 25 March 2021</ref><ref name="Fox">{{cite web|url=https://www.foxbusiness.com/lifestyle/fiat-chrysler-and-psa-group-rename-merged-automaker-stellantis|title=Fiat Chrysler and PSA Group rename merged automaker 'Stellantis'|quote=Stellantis is rooted in the Latin verb “stello” meaning “to brighten with stars.”|website=[[Fox Business]]|date=16 July 2020|accessdate=20 September 2022}}</ref> Hedkwatar kamfanin tana [[Hofddorp]], Netherlands. Tun daga 2023, Stellantis ita ce mai kera motoci mafi girma na huɗu a duniya ta hanyar siyarwa, a bayan [[Toyota]], [[Volkswagen Group]], da [[Hyundai Motor Group]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.factorywarrantylist.com/car-sales-by-manufacturer.html|title=Top 15 Automakers in the World &#124; Car Sales Rank Worldwide|website=F&I Tools}}</ref> In 2023, the company was ranked 61st in the [[Forbes Global 2000]].<ref>{{Cite web|language=en|url=https://www.forbes.com/lists/global2000/?sh=51d599675ac0|title=The Global 2000 2023|website=Forbes|access-date=2024-02-07|archive-date=2024-01-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240129031905/https://www.forbes.com/lists/global2000/?sh=4f5ab07e5ac0}}</ref> An jera hannun jarin kamfanin akan [[Borsa Italiana]], [[Euronext Paris]] da [[Kasuwar hannayen jari ta New York]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Smith|first=Elliot|date=18 January 2021|title=World's fourth-largest carmaker rallies on first day of trade after $52 billion merger|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2021/01/18/stellantis-rallies-on-first-day-of-trade-after-52-billion-merger.html|access-date=19 June 2021|website=[[CNBC]]|language=en}}</ref> Stellantis yana ƙira, kera, da siyar da motoci masu ɗauke da samfuran sa 14: [[Abarth]], [[Alfa Romeo]], [[Chrysler (alama)|Chrysler]], [[Citroën]], [[Dodge]], [[DS Automobiles | DS]], [[Fiat]], [[Jeep]], [[Lancia]], [[Maserati]], [[Opel]], [[Peugeot]], [[Ram Trucks]], da [[Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]]. A lokacin haɗin gwiwar, Stellantis yana da kusan ma'aikata 300,000, kasancewar tallace-tallace a cikin ƙasashe sama da 130, da wuraren masana'antu a cikin ƙasashe 30.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Overview|url=https://www.stellantis.com/en/group/overview|access-date=19 January 2021|website=Stellantis|archive-date=20 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210120152245/https://www.stellantis.com/en/group/overview|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{DEFAULTSORT:Stellantis}} [[Category:Kamfanoni]] cxrptwe2iq197n4ddegc8c462pyn1pk 0 92092 829812 734370 2026-05-05T04:17:01Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829812 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Shemara Wikramanayake (an haife ta a shekara ta 1962) 'yar kasuwa ce ta Australiya. Ta fara aiki a matsayin lauya sannan kuma a matsayin mai banki. A cikin 2018, ta zama Manajan Darakta da Shugaba na Macquarie Group Ltd. Ta ba da shawarar kara samar da makamashi mai sabuntawa kuma ta yi kira ga gwamnatoci da su ninka samar da makaman sabuntawa sau hudu nan da 2030 tare da niyyar rage Tasirin canjin yanayi na duniya.[1][2][3] Wikramanayake ta sami jimlar dala miliyan A23.7 a cikin diyya a cikin 2022, wanda ya sa ta zama Shugaba mafi girma a Ostiraliya na shekara ta biyu a jere.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-12-08 |title=Revealed: Australia's 50 highest-paid CEOs in 2022 |url=https://www.afr.com/work-and-careers/workplace/revealed-australia-s-50-highest-paid-ceos-in-2022-20221205-p5c3o6 |access-date=2022-12-09 |website=Australian Financial Review |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-08 |title=Red-hot Macquarie chases $106trn prize |url=https://www.afr.com/chanticleer/red-hot-macquarie-chases-105trn-prize-20220208-p59uph |access-date=2022-02-10 |website=Australian Financial Review |language=en}}</ref> Wikramanayake ya yi aiki a matsayin lauyan kamfanoni a Blake Dawson Waldron kafin ya shiga Macquarie Group Ltd a shekarar 1987. Ta jagoranci ofishin ba da shawara na kamfanoni na Macquarie a [[Sabuwar Zelandiya|New Zealand]] kuma ta taimaka wajen kafa ofisoshin ba da shawara a [[Hong Kong]] da Malaysia. Ta yi aiki tare da Macquarie Capital kusan kusan shekaru 20 kuma an nada ta a matsayin shugaban Macquarie Asset Management a 2008 kuma ta jagoranci hannun gudanar da kadarorin kamfanin sama da shekaru goma.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shemara Wikramanayake |url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/shemara-wikramanayake/ |access-date=2022-02-10 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2018, ta maye gurbin [[Nicholas W. Moore|Nicholas Moore]] a matsayin Manajan Darakta / Shugaba na Macquarie Group. Kafin wannan, Wikramanayake shine shugaban kungiyar Macquarie Asset Management . Ta kuma ci gaba da zama Shugaba mata na farko na Macquarie Group kuma ta zama Shugaba na shida na Macquaria Group.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Macquarie Group appoints first female chief executive |url=http://www.dailynews.lk/2018/07/28/local/158142/macquarie-group-appoints-first-female-chief-executive}}</ref> A cikin 2018, an nada ta a matsayin Kwamishinan Hukumar Kula da Daidaitawa ta Duniya, kwamishinan da [[Bankin Duniya]] ya fara don aiwatarwa da hanzarta shirin [[Daidaituwar canjin yanayi|daidaita yanayin yanayi]]. A cikin 2019, Michael Bloomberg ne ya nada ta a cikin shirin jagorancin kudi na [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]]. Ita ce kadai Shugaba mace a cikin manyan kamfanoni 20 na Ostiraliya ta darajar kasuwa kuma mace ta farko ta Asiya-Australia da ta jagoranci kamfanin ASX 200 da aka jera. A cikin 2019, ta kuma shiga littattafan rikodin a matsayin mace ta farko da ta zama Shugaba mafi girma a Australia.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shemara Wikramanayake tops Australia's highest-paid CEO list |url=http://www.adaderana.lk/news/78812/shemara-wikramanayake-tops-australias-highest-paid-ceo-list |access-date=2022-02-10 |website=www.adaderana.lk |language=en}}</ref> She was ranked 29th in the list of Most Powerful Women in the World for the Year 2020 by Forbes.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-12-09 |title=Shemara Wickramanayake of Sri Lankan descent among Forbes 100 most powerful women |url=https://www.newswire.lk/2020/12/09/shemara-wickramanayake-o-ri-lankan-descent-among-100-most-powerful-women/ |access-date=2022-02-10 |website=NewsWire |language=en-US |archive-date=2022-02-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220210112519/https://www.newswire.lk/2020/12/09/shemara-wickramanayake-o-ri-lankan-descent-among-100-most-powerful-women/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> She was ranked 24th in the list of Most Powerful Women in the World for the Year 2021 by Forbes.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The World's 100 Most Powerful Women 2021 |url=https://www.forbes.com/power-women/ |access-date=2022-02-10 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Shemara Wikramanayake {{!}} 2021 Most Powerful Women International |url=https://fortune.com/most-powerful-women-international/2021/shemara-wikramanayake/ |access-date=2022-02-10 |website=Fortune |language=en}}</ref> She was also named as one of Fortune's Most Powerful and Influential Women in a roundup of global female business leaders segment. She was ranked 9th on Fortune's list of Most Powerful Women in 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Most Powerful Women |url=https://fortune.com/ranking/most-powerful-women/ |access-date= |website=[[Fortune (magazine)|Fortune]] |language=en}}</ref> Ta kuma kasance ɗaya daga cikin masu magana da suka halarci Taron Canjin Yanayi na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na 2021 wanda aka gudanar a [[Glasgow]] kuma ta yi magana game da tattara kudaden yanayi masu zaman kansu don kasuwannin da ke tasowa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=United Nations Climate Change Conference - COP26 {{!}} Macquarie Group |url=https://www.macquarie.com/au/en/perspectives/united-nations-climate-change-conference-cop26.html |access-date=2022-02-10 |website=Macquarie |language=en}}</ref> Kasancewarta a taron kasa da kasa na Glasgow G20 kan Yanayi ya ƙone sunanta kuma ya jaddada takardun shaidarta yayin da take zaune kusa da Firayim Ministan Australia Scott Morrison . Da farko an nuna ta a matsayin jagora na de facto na tawagar Australiya a lokacin taron kolin COP26 yayin da jita-jita suka fara yaduwa cewa Morrison ba zai iya halartar taron COP26 ba.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-10-07 |title=Macquarie to fill the void at COP26 |url=https://www.afr.com/chanticleer/macquarie-to-fill-the-void-at-cop26-20211007-p58y6z |access-date=2022-02-10 |website=Australian Financial Review |language=en}}</ref> . A watan Yulin, 2024, Macquarie ta ba da sanarwar cewa ta sauya manufofin kwal, ta shirya hanyar da masu banki za su shiga cikin karfafa bangaren kwal a gabar gabashin Australia da ma'adinan kwal a duniya. An kuma sanya mata suna a matsayin The Australian Financial Review Business People of the Year na 2021 don nuna godiya ga jagorancinta a cikin rashin tabbas da ke da alaƙa da [[Murar Mashaƙo 2019|Cutar COVID-19]]. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-08-17 |title=Shemara Wikramanayake, the optimist guiding Macquarie |url=https://www.afr.com/companies/financial-services/how-macquarie-s-australianness-keeps-it-going-20210717-p58aka |access-date=2022-02-10 |website=Australian Financial Review |language=en}}</ref> Ta sami dala miliyan 16.39 a matsayin diyya a shekarar 2021. Wannan ya yi daidai da Macquarie da ke yin rikodin ribar dala biliyan 1.3 a cikin kwata na karshe na 2021. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-12-09 |title=Macquarie CEO keeps the machine humming |url=https://www.afr.com/work-and-careers/leaders/macquarie-ceo-keeps-the-machine-humming-20211130-p59dfa |access-date=2022-02-10 |website=Australian Financial Review |language=en}}</ref> Ta kuma ba da shawara da ba da shawara kan saka hannun jari na fasahar kore ga Gwamnatin Ostiraliya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shemara Wikramanayake {{!}} 2020 Most Powerful Women International |url=https://fortune.com/most-powerful-women-international/2020/shemara-wikramanayake/ |access-date=2022-02-10 |website=Fortune |language=en}}</ref> An kuma nada ta a matsayin co-shugaban kungiyar Climate Finance Leadership Initiative a Indiya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Meet The Members Of Climate Finance Leadership Initiative (CFLI) India |url=https://planet.outlookindia.com/climate-crisis/meet-the-members-of-climate-finance-leadership-initiative-cfli-india/925 |access-date=2022-02-10 |website=planet.outlookindia.com |language=en |archive-date=2022-02-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220210112521/https://planet.outlookindia.com/climate-crisis/meet-the-members-of-climate-finance-leadership-initiative-cfli-india/925 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-09-02 |title=Wikramanayake to lead billion-dollar push for green energy in India |url=https://www.afr.com/companies/energy/wikramanayake-to-lead-billion-dollar-push-for-green-energy-in-india-20210902-p58oec |access-date=2022-02-10 |website=Australian Financial Review |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta mutum == An haife ta ne a [[Ingila]], inda mahaifinta na [[Sri Lanka]] likita ne.<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 July 2018 |title=British-born Sri Lankan-Australian Wikramanayake appointed CEO, Macquarie Group |url=https://www.timeslanka.com/2018/07/28/british-born-sri-lankan-australian-wikramanayake-appointed-ceo-macquarie-group/ |access-date=2020-07-16 |website=TSL - The Times of Sri Lanka (Published in Canada) - All Rights Reserved (Editor: Upali Obeyesekere) }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Mahaifinta Ranji ya kammala karatu daga makarantar likita a shekara ta 1958 kuma tare da matarsa Amara, ya koma Ingila don ci gaba da horo a fannin kiwon lafiya a shekara ta 1958. Iyalin sun fuskanci manyan ƙuntatawa da matsaloli a lokacin da suka zauna a Ingila kuma an tilasta musu su gudu daga ƙasar ba da daɗewa ba bayan an yi zargin da aka yi wa kakanta game da keta dokokin kula da kuɗi. Iyalinta sun kuma ce sun fuskanci wariyar launin fata a Ingila.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2018-09-21 |title=The rise, fall and rise of Macquarie bank's first family |url=https://www.afr.com/world/asia/the-rise-fall-and-rise-of-macquarie-banks-first-family-20180904-h14wqu |access-date=2022-02-10 |website=Australian Financial Review |language=en}}</ref> Wikramanayake ta halarci Makarantar jihar a [[Landan]] kafin iyalin su koma [[Asturaliya|Ostiraliya]], inda ta tafi Makarantar Ascham . Ta koma Ostiraliya tana da shekaru 14 tare da iyalinta a cikin shekarun 1970s kuma dangin suna da kusan $ 200 kawai tare da su lokacin da suka isa Ostiraliya. A cikin 2018, a cikin wata hira da Australian Financial Review mahaifinta Ranji Wikramanayake ya tuna da rayuwarsu a Sri Lanka kuma ya ce suna da rayuwa mai daraja a Sri Lanka amma sun yi ƙaura zuwa Australia bayan wasu lokuta masu wahala. Iyalin Wikramanayake sun zauna a birnin [[Sydney]] na Australia a 1975 kuma an ba Ranji aiki na ɗan lokaci a Asibitin Royal Prince Alfred . <ref name=":1"/> Ta sami digiri na farko a fannin kasuwanci da kuma digiri na farko na shari'a daga Jami'ar New South Wales a shekarar 1985. kuma daga baya ya kammala Shirin Gudanarwa na Ci gaba a Makarantar Kasuwanci ta Harvard a 1996. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Shemara Wikramanayake &#124; UNSW Law |url=https://www.law.unsw.edu.au/shemara-wikramanayake |access-date=2025-01-28 |archive-date=2021-04-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210425151332/https://www.law.unsw.edu.au/shemara-wikramanayake |url-status=dead }}</ref> Wikramanayake ta auri Ed Gilmartin, mai saka hannun jari, kuma tana da ɗa da 'yar. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moullakis |first=Joyce |date=24 February 2022 |title=Macquarie CEO Shemara Wikramanayake says Macquarie is just getting started on a pipeline of renewable energy |url=https://www.theaustralian.com.au/subscribe/news/1/?sourceCode=TAWEB_WRE170_a&dest=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theaustralian.com.au%2Fbusiness%2Frenewable-energy-economy%2Fmacquarie-ceo-shemara-wikramanayake-says-macquarie-is-just-getting-started-on-a-pipeline-of-renewable-energy%2Fnews-story%2F3ccb5390472b7a4de683fb3eb60aa70e&memtype=anonymous&mode=premium&v21=GROUPB-Segment-1-NOSCORE&V21spcbehaviour=append&nk=6253b7842c6663304a8406e6baf108b5-1737469226 |website=[[The Australian]]}}</ref> Tana da 'yar'uwa mai girma wacce lauya ce kuma ɗan'uwa wanda likita ne. == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1962]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] okiqf5slqokg2walkhei4kxgok5mcnf 0 93590 829930 600660 2026-05-05T07:08:48Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829930 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Silacayoapan''' yana daya daga cikin manyan Harsunan Mixtec. Mutane 150,000 ne ke magana da shi a Puebla da kuma iyakar Guerrero, da kuma masu ƙaura zuwa [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]]. == Harsuna == Egland & Bartholomew sun sami yaruka shida (tare da > ≈80% fahimtar ciki) wanda ke da kusan 70% fahimtar juna tare da juna: * Metlatónoc (Metlatónoc, San Rafael, Tlacoachistlahuaca, Cochoapa), Alcozauca (Alcozauca, Xochapa, Petlacalancingo) * Portezuelo (Santos Sarakuna Yucuná, Guadalupe Portezuelu, San Simón Zahuatlán) * Coicoyán (San Martín Peras Cuatzoquitengo, Rio Frijol, Santa Cruz Yucucani, San José Yoxocaño, Malvabisco, Rancho Limón, Rio Aguacate, Boca de Mamey) * (nau'o'i a cikin ≈75% na Silacayoapan daidai) ** Juxtlahuaca (San Sebastián Tecomaxtlahuaca, San Miguel Tlacotepec, Santos Reyes Tepejillo, Santa María Tindú, San Martín Duraznos) ** Alacatlatzala (Alacatlatzala, Cahuatache, Tenaztalcingo, Jilotepec, Zacatipa, Tototepec, Cuba Libre, San Isidro Labrador, Quiahuitlatzala, Xonacatlán, Tepecocatlán, Cuautipa, Ocuapa, Potoichan) ** Silacayoapan *** Silacayoapan mai kyau (Santo Domingo Tonalá, San Jorge Nuchita) *** Tezoatlán (Yucuquimi na Ocampo, San Andrés Yutatío, Yucuñuti de Benito Juárez, San Juan Diquiyú, sannan San Marcos de Garzón, San Martín del Río, Santa Catarina Yotandú, San Isidro de Zaragoza, San Valentín de Gomez) *** (sauran garuruwa) Ixpantepec Nieves, Santiago Tamazola, Atenango, San Miguel Ahuehuetitlán Ethnologue ya ƙidaya (Santa María) Yucunicoco Mixtec tare da Juxtlahuaca Mixtec . Koyaya, Egland & Bartholomew sun gano cewa yana da kashi 50% kawai mai fahimta tare da kuma Juxtlahuaca. Fahimtar Mixtepec shine 85%, to amma a ɗayan hanya kawai 45%. == Fasahar sauti == === Sautin da aka yi amfani da shi === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! colspan="2" | !Biyuwa !Alveolar !Palatal !Velar !Gishiri |- ! rowspan="2" |Plosive !<small>ba tare da murya ba</small> |p |t |tʃ |k kw&nbsp;kʷ |ʔ |- !<small>Domenal</small> |ᵐb |ⁿd |ⁿdʒ |ᵑɡ | |- ! colspan="2" |Hanci |m |n |ɲ | | |- ! rowspan="2" |Fricative !<small>ba tare da murya ba</small> | |s |ʃ |x | |- !<small>murya</small> |β |ð |ʒ | | |- ! colspan="2" |Kusanci | |l |j | | |- ! colspan="2" |Rhotic | |ɾ | | | |} === Sautin sautin === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! !A gaba !Tsakiya !Komawa |- !Kusa |i aiki&nbsp;ĩ |ʉ |u lokacin da&nbsp;ũ |- !Tsakanin Tsakiya |Za a yi amfani da shi&nbsp;ẽ | |ko kuma&nbsp;õ |- !Bude | |a nan&nbsp;ã | |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Tushen == * [Hotuna a shafi na 9] [http://www.sil.org/acpub/repository/21773.pdf Hoton da aka yi na Silacayoapan Mixtec]. A cikin C. Henry Bradley & Barbara E. Hollenbach (eds.) ''Nazarin a cikin haɗin gwiwar harsunan Mixtecan'', vol. 1. Dallas: Cibiyar Nazarin Harshe ta bazara; [Arlington:] Jami'ar Texas a Arlington, shafi na 305-449.&nbsp; * [http://www.sil.org/mexico/mixteca/tezoatlan/00e-MixtecoTezoatlan-mxb.htm Tezoatlán Mixtec] (SIL-Mexico) == Haɗin waje == * {{Cite web |date=1100–1199 |title=Códice Colombino |url=http://www.wdl.org/es/item/3245/#ddc=4&languages=mxa |website=[[World Digital Library]] |language=Northwest Oaxaca Mixtec<!-- Not supported by MediaWiki and causes the article to appear on [[Category:CS1_maint:_unrecognized_language]]; no solution. --> }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} [[Category:Harsuna]] midmpzl63ytzo70fnqaapcrbifli56r 0 94228 829797 611665 2026-05-05T03:28:05Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829797 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Sheema Kalbasi''' (Persian; an haife ta a ranar 20 ga watan Nuwamba, shekara ta 1972, a [[Tehran]], Iran) mawaki yace sannan kuma marubuciya ta [[Iran-Danish-Amurka]] wacce ke magance batutuwan mata, yaki, 'yan gudun hijira,' yancin ɗan adam, da' yancin faɗar albarkacin baki. Har ila yau, ita ma mai shirya fina-finai ce da ke mai da hankali kan batutuwan mata da gwagwarmaya don kare hakkin mata, kare hakkin 'yan tsiraru, kare hakkin yara, da kare hakkin' yan gudun hijira. Kalbasi ya girma a Pakistan da Denmark kuma yanzu yana zaune a kasar Amurka. == Tarihin Rayuwa == Sheema Kalbasi mawaki ce, mai fassara wallafe-wallafen, [1] kuma mai ba da agaji wanda aikinsa ya sami karbuwa a duniya. Ta koyar da yara 'yan gudun hijira kuma ta yi aiki tare da kungiyoyi kamar UNHCR, Cibiyar 'Yan Gudun Hijira a Pakistan, da UNA Denmark . A Denmark, ta kuma horar da ita kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin soja mai tsaro. An tsara waƙarta kuma an fassara ta cikin harsuna sama da ashirin, suna samun yabo mai mahimmanci. A cikin 2012, Sanata na Kanada LGen (Ret.) Hon. Roméo Dallaire ya kammala jawabi game da halin da ake ciki a Iran ta hanyar karanta wasu sassan daga waka, ''Hezbollah'' . Wanda ya lashe Harvest International, an kuma rubuta waka kuma an buga ta da sauransu a cikin The Forbidden: Poems from Iran and its Exiles, Atlanta Review, da Iranian and Diasporic Literature in the 21st Century: A Critical Study by Dr. Daniel Grassian. An zaɓi waƙarta The Passenger ta hanyar gayyatar don yin wasan kwaikwayon a Cibiyar Ciniki ta Duniya a New York a cikin 2008. A cikin 2016, waƙoƙinta Possession da Dancing Tango an daidaita su cikin waƙar fasaha don mezzo-soprano da piano kuma an yi su a Jami'ar Old Dominion a Virginia.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Songs of Sheema Kalbasi - Possession (Live) |url=https://soundcloud.com/johnallgood/songs-of-kalbasi-possession}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Songs of Sheema Kalbasi - Dancing Tango (Live) |url=https://soundcloud.com/johnallgood/songs-of-kalbasi-dancing-tango-live}}</ref> Kalbasi ta shayari da fassarori an haɗa su cikin tsarin karatun ilimi a duk duniya, an daidaita su cikin gajeren fina-finai, kuma an saita su zuwa kiɗa don soprano da piano trio compositions. Wani sanannen wasan kwaikwayon da ya danganci aikinta ya faru ne a Gidan Tarihi na Smithsonian. Kalbasi ita ce marubucin tarin waƙoƙi masu tsawo Echoes in Exile (PRA Publishing, Amurka, 2006), wanda aka nuna a cikin jerin karatun Mata da Nazarin Jima'i na Jami'ar Stony Brook. An zabi lambar yabo ta Pushcart sau biyu kuma an zabi ta don lambar yabo ta PEN don Waƙoƙi a Fassara, ta sami lambar yabo ta jin kai ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da tallafi daga Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje ta [[Holand|Netherlands]]. Ayyukanta na fassara sun haɗa da gabatar da masu sauraro masu magana da Ingilishi ga shayari na Jahan Khatun, yarima da mawaƙa na Farisa na ƙarni na 14, da Mahasti Ganjavi, mawaƙin Farisa na zamani. Ta kuma fassara waƙoƙin Simin Behbahani, wanda aka zaba sau biyu a kyautar Nobel a cikin wallafe-wallafen, wanda mawaki Ramin Amin Tafreshi ya saita waƙoƙi <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 March 2019 |title=It's the Voice that shall Remain - Ramin Amin Tafreshi - for soprano and Piano Trio |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KKMqEYVHdOY |website=[[YouTube]]}}</ref> a cikin Netherlands. Musamman, shahararren mawaki Naomi Shihab Nye ya rubuta game da Kalbasi's Spoon and Shrapnel: Verse and Wartime Recipes (Daraja Press, [[Kanada]], 2024): "Wannan littafi dukiya ce. Sheema Kalbasi tana ba da haɗin abinci mai sauƙi, girke-girke mai ɗorewa da aka tunatar da shi daga yarinta na Iran, tare da waƙoƙi masu ban sha'awa da ke tambayar tambayoyi masu mahimmanci - me ya sa yaƙi da yawa?" A cikin 2019, an gayyace ta zuwa [[Rum|Roma]] a matsayin babban mai magana a Shirin Abinci na Duniya na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, inda ta gabatar da jawabi game da tasirin talauci a kan yanke shawara na iyalai don auren 'ya'yansu marasa shekaru, tana nuna shi a matsayin batun duniya da ke shafar Gabas ta Tsakiya, Kudancin [[Asiya]], Kudanci [[Amurka]], har ma da Amurka, inda auren yara ke ci gaba a wasu jihohi. A shekara ta 2009, Kalbasi ya shiga cikin malaman Iran 266, marubuta, masu zane-zane, da 'yan jarida wajen sanya hannu kan wasikar neman gafara da aka buga a kan Iran.com wanda ke Allah wadai da tsananta wa Bahá'ís.<ref>{{Cite web |title=We are ashamed! - Iranian.com |url=https://iranian.com/main/2009/feb/we-are-ashamed.html |website=iranian.com}}</ref> == Littattafai == * '''''Spoon da Shrapnel: Aya da Shirye-shiryen Yakin''''' (Daraja Press, Kanada, 2024) * '''''Waƙoƙin Mata na Iran''''' (Editor, Reel Content Publishing, Amurka, 2008) * '''''Kwarin Soyayya Bakwai: Tarihin Harsuna Biyu na Mata Mawallafa daga Farisa ta Tsakiya zuwa Iran ta Yau''''' (Mai fassara, Edita, PRA Publishing, Amurka, 2008) * Echoes in Exile (PRA Publishing, USA, 2006) - Cikakken tarin shayari. * '''''Sangsar (The Stoning) ''''' (Persian, Sinbad Publishing, Amurka, 2005) == Hotunan fina-finai == {| class="wikitable" !Fim din !Ranar ! |- |''Mata a kan Layin Gaba'' |2013 |Hotuna |- |''Simin Behbahani - Don Mafarki don Hawan'' |2013 |Fim din waka |- |''Banafsheh Hejazi - Rashin jin daɗi'' |2013 |Fim din waka |- |''Sholeh Wolpe - An rera ni cikin Wannan Duniya'' |2013 |Fim din waka |- |''Farzaneh Ghavami - Gidan shakatawa'' |2013 |Fim din waka |- |} == Kyaututtuka == * Kyautar 'Yancin Dan Adam da Karramawa, Cibiyar 'Yan Gudun Hijira, UNHCR, Islamabad, Pakistan * Hezbollah, daga Echoes in Exile, Mafi Kyawun Waƙoƙi, Girbi na Duniya. * Fasinjoji, na uku, Jersey yana aiki. Nadawa * Echoes in Exile, Collection, Kyautar Kyautar Kyauta ta Virginia ta shekara-shekara, 2008 * Sakamakon a cikin gudun hijira, Kyautar Pushcart, 2008 * ''Kwarin Soyayya Bakwai'', Kyautar PEN don Waƙoƙi a Fassara, 2008 * ''Kwarin Soyayya Bakwai'', Kyautar Pushcart, 2008 * ''Kwarin Soyayya Bakwai'', Anisfield-Wolf Book Award, 2008 == Dubi kuma ==   * Jerin matan Iran == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [https://www.writersdigest.com/poets/exclusive-interview-with-poet-sheema-kalbasi Girman WITER] * [http://www.tehelka.com/story_main36.asp?filename=Ws011207Sheema.asp Tattaunawar Tehelka] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120512063053/http://www.tehelka.com/story_main36.asp?filename=Ws011207Sheema.asp |date=2012-05-12 }} * [https://thediplomat.com/2010/09/10/unique-lives-that-inspire-asia/ Tattaunawar Diplomat] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120415230743/http://www.takepart.com/blog-series/artists-exile/2011/08/31/sheema-kalbasi-poetry Ɗauki Ɗauki Ƙari] * [[ICORN]].org/article/autumn-07-sheema-kalbasi" id="mw1A" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Sheema Kalbasi, ICORN * [https://charterforcompassion.org/arts/arts/seda-voices-of-iran/sheema-kalbasi.html Yarjejeniyar Jinƙai]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * The Other Voices International Project[usurped] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1972]] paxic9rdzvxooptpkoxa6uggkb1sncl 0 96186 829923 798318 2026-05-05T06:37:25Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829923 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sibongile Mlambo''' 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce Ba'amurkiya wacce ta fito daga [[Zimbabwe|ƙasar Zimbabwe]] da [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. An san ta da zama tauraruwa a cikin fim ɗin ''Lost in Space'' na Netflix, Starz tarihin kasada jerin talabijin ''Black Sails'' da kuma a cikin fina-finai na ''Honey 3'' da ''The Last Face''. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Zim Actress Sibongile Mlambo to be Lead Actress in Honey 3 |url=https://zgossip.co.zw/zim-actress-sibongile-mla/ |access-date=22 May 2017 |website=Z Gossip |archive-date=28 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180828170659/https://zgossip.co.zw/zim-actress-sibongile-mla/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Hakanan an san ta da rawar da ta taka a matsayin Tamora Monroe akan fim na jerin talabijin na MTV ''Teen Wolf'', kamar yadda Donna akan jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na Freeform ''Siren'', da kuma bayyana Melusi a cikin wasan Ubisoft multiplayer game ''Tom Clancy's Rainbow six Siege''. == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Mlambo a ƙasar Zimbabwe. Tana da kanwa babba wacce itama 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce. <ref name="5T">{{Cite web |last=Scott |first=Sydney |date=27 March 2018 |title=5 Things To Know: Sibongile Mlambo Is Set To Make A Splash In Freeform's 'Siren' |url=https://www.essence.com/celebrity/5-things-know-sibongile-mlambo-freeform-siren |access-date=26 April 2018 |website=Essence}}</ref> Mlambo ta bar Zimbabwe a shekara ta 2005 don ci gaba da karatunta a [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]] kuma ta zauna a [[Texas]], [[New York (jiha)|New York]] da kuma [[Ispaniya|Spain]] a takaice. A cikin shekarar 2011, Mlambo tana zaune a [[Afirka ta Kudu]], tana aiki a [[Johannesburg]] da [[Cape Town]]. <ref>{{Cite web |title=10 Questions For: Sibongile Mlambo |url=http://m.capetownmagazine.com/10-questions/10-questions-for-sibongile-mlambo/201_22_19800 |access-date=22 May 2017 |website=Cape Town Magazine |archive-date=22 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200722084624/https://www.capetownmagazine.com/10-questions/10-questions-for-sibongile-mlambo/201_22_19800 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Daga baya Mlambo ta koma Amurka, ta zauna a [[Los Angeles]]. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sibongile Mlambo – Actress, United States |url=http://www.zimbassador.com/sibongile-mlambo-actress-united-states/ |access-date=22 May 2017 |website=Zimbassador |archive-date=31 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200131001004/http://www.zimbassador.com/sibongile-mlambo-actress-united-states/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Mlambo ta yi karatun Faransanci da Spanish a Jami'ar Kudancin Methodist kuma tana da tarihin rawa. <ref name="5T"/> == Sana'a == === Yin samfuri === Mlambo ta kasance fuskar kamfen na Nivea a duk faɗin Afirka kuma Ice Genetics tana wakilta a Cape Town. A cikin shekarar 2007, Mlambo ita ce gimbiya ta biyu a Miss Zim-USA 2007. <ref name="info">{{Cite web |date=18 September 2016 |title=Holly Wood actress relishes Zim honour |url=https://www.dailynews.co.zw/articles/2016/09/18/hollywood-actress-relishes-zim-honour |access-date=22 May 2017 |website=Daily News |archive-date=29 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190529112340/https://www.dailynews.co.zw/articles/2016/09/18/hollywood-actress-relishes-zim-honour |url-status=dead }}</ref> === Yin aiki === Ta zama tauraruwa a matsayin Eme a cikin nunin cibiyar sadarwar Starz ta ''Black Sails'' kuma ta zama jaruma a matsayin ɗayan jagorori, Ishani a cikin ''Honey 3'' kusa da Cassie Ventura da Kenny Wormald daga ''Footloose''. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sibongile Mlambo: Zimbabwean-Born Actress Starrs in 'Honey 3' |url=https://face2faceafrica.com/article/honey-3-sibongile-mlambo |access-date=22 May 2017 |website=Face2Face}}</ref> Ta kuma taka rawar gani a fim ɗin ''The Last Face'' assatu, kuma ta kasance 'yar'uwar Chadwick Boseman, Bianca, a cikin fasalin fim ɗin ''Message From The King''. <ref>{{Cite web |date=15 May 2015 |title=Another Hollywood role for Zim actress |url=http://nehandaradio.com/2017/05/15/another-hollywood-role-zim-actress/ |access-date=22 May 2017 |website=Nehanda Radio |archive-date=30 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200830151659/https://nehandaradio.com/2017/05/15/another-hollywood-role-zim-actress/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2018, Mlambo ta yi aiki a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen TV ''Siren'' a matsayin Donna. A cikin shekarar 2021, Mlambo bakuwa-tauraruwa a cikin "Painkiller" episode na ''Bakae Walƙiya'' kamar yadda Maya Odell. Ta kuma fito a matsayin matashiya na Aissa Joachim, wanda shine sha'awar soyayya ta Dembe Zuma a cikin al'amuran da suka faru a kan Blacklist. == Fina-finai == === Fim === {| class="wikitable" !Year !Title !Role !Notes |- |1997 |''[[Kini and Adams]]'' |Bongi |Drama |- |2012 |''Half Good Killer'' |Aida |Short film |- |2013 |''Felix'' |Dancer |as Sibo Mlambo |- | rowspan="3" |2015 |''Back to School Mom'' |Beth | |- |''Ladygrey'' |Estelle | |- |''While You Weren't Looking'' |Female student | |- | rowspan="4" |2016 |''Message From The King'' |Bianca | |- |''[[Detour (fim 2016)|Detour]]'' |MGM Receptionist | |- |''Honey 3: Dare to Dance'' |Ishani |Direct-to-video |- |''The Last Face'' |Assatu |Adventure / Romance / War / Drama |- | rowspan="2" |2017 |''New Haven'' |Astou Niang Diallo |Short film |- |''Mbomvu'' |Woman in White |Short film |- |2018 |''Under the Silver Lake'' |Blonde Roommate |Psychological Thriller |- | rowspan="2" |2019 |''Shadow Wolves'' |Zora | |- |''Afrika is a Country'' |Blue Woman |Short film |- |TBA |''Take Back the Night'' |The Reporter |Post-production |} === Talabijin === {| class="wikitable" !Year !Title !Role !Notes |- |2009 |''America's Got Talent'' |Herself |Contestant |- | rowspan="2" |2012 |''Beaver Falls'' |Cheerleader |Episode: #2.4 |- |''Strike Back'' |Hostess |Episode: "Vengeance, Part 3" |- |2013 |''Mad Dogs'' |Detective |Episode: #3.1 |- |2014–2017 |''Black Sails'' |Eme |Recurring role; 10 episodes |- |2014 |''Homeland'' |Jackie Marr |Episode: "Shalwar Kameez" |- |2015 |''Jamillah and Aladdin'' |Washerwoman |as Sibo Mlambo |- |2017 |''Teen Wolf'' |Tamora Monroe |Recurring role; 9 episodes |- |2018–2020 |''Siren'' |Donna |Main role; Season 1 (10 episodes); Guest role; Seasons 2–3 (3 episodes) |- |2018–2019 |'' Lost in Space'' |Angela Goddard |Recurring role (season 1) <br /><br /> Main role (season 2) |- |2018 |''MacGyver'' |Nasha |Recurring role; 3 episodes |- |2019 |''Dark/Web'' |Amy |Main role; 8 episodes |- |2020 |''God Friended Me'' |Lulu |Episode: "The Princess and the Hacker" |- |2020 |''Lovecraft Country'' |Tamara |2 episodes |- |2021 |''Black Lightning'' |Maya Odell |Episode: "Painkiller" |- |2021–2022 |''Roswell, New Mexico'' |Anatsa |Recurring role; 10 episodes |- |2023 |''The Blacklist'' |Aissa Joachim |Episode: "Dr Michael Abani (no198) |- |2023 |''Florida Man'' |Clara |Recurring role |} == Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Bikin Kyauta ! Kyauta ! Sakamako ! Refs. |- | 2016 | Zimbabuwe International Women's Awards | Jarumar Jarumar Shekara|{{Nom}} | align="center" |<ref name="info"/> |- |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1987]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] r6o5008by1qwddyyf5clny4ws4uwwxb 0 96818 829913 600889 2026-05-05T06:03:43Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 3 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829913 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Marchand "Shonnie" Finnegan (an haife shi a shekara ta 1931) shi ne Jami'ar Archivist Emerita a SUNY Buffalo . <ref> name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Shonnie Finnegan - UB People - University Archives - University at Buffalo Libraries |url=https://library.buffalo.edu/archives/ubpeople/detail.html?ID=1233 |access-date=2019-12-10 |website=library.buffalo.edu}}</ref> An san ta da aikinta a matsayin mai adana bayanai ta hanyar kungiyoyi da yawa, wato SUNY a Tarihin Jami'ar Buffalo, Society of American Archivists da kuma Taron Tarihin Yankin Mid-Atlantic . <ref> name=":1">{{Cite web |title=President Shonnie Finnegan {{!}} Society of American Archivists |url=https://www2.archivists.org/node/9742 |access-date=2019-12-10 |website=www2.archivists.org}}</ref> An ba ta lambar yabo sosai kuma an san ta da aikinta a cikin ɗakunan ajiya da ɗakunan karatu a duk faɗin ƙasar a cikin jawabai da gabatarwa kuma ta rubuta da yawa game da tarihin mata, tarihin gida da kuma aikin ajiya. == Ayyuka == Ta fara aiki a Jami'ar Tarihi a Jami'a a Buffalo a shekarar 1967. Ta taimaka wajen bunkasa Tarihin, tattara takardu daga ɗakunan ajiya, ɗakunan ajiyar kuɗi, da sauran wuraren ajiya.<ref> name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Shonnie Finnegan - UB People - University Archives - University at Buffalo Libraries |url=https://library.buffalo.edu/archives/ubpeople/detail.html?ID=1233 |access-date=2019-12-10 |website=library.buffalo.edu}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://library.buffalo.edu/archives/ubpeople/detail.html?ID=1233 "Shonnie Finnegan - UB People - University Archives - University at Buffalo Libraries"]. ''library.buffalo.edu''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-12-10</span></span>.</cite></ref> Ta yi aiki sosai wajen bin yawancin tarin da suka hada da Tarihin yau, gami da tarihin tarihin mata a Buffalo da Yammacin New York.Ayyukanta da bincike a tarihin mata da na gida da kuma ƙungiyar ajiya sun taimaka wa Jami'ar Tarihi sosai har ma sun haifar da takardu da gabatarwa da yawa.<ref name=":0" /> A shekara ta 1979, an ba ta lambar yabo ta Chancellor don Kyautattun Ayyuka a Laburaren . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Shonnie Finnegan - UB People - University Archives - University at Buffalo Libraries |url=https://library.buffalo.edu/archives/ubpeople/detail.html?ID=1233 |access-date=2019-12-10 |website=library.buffalo.edu}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://library.buffalo.edu/archives/ubpeople/detail.html?ID=1233 "Shonnie Finnegan - UB People - University Archives - University at Buffalo Libraries"]. ''library.buffalo.edu''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-12-10</span></span>.</cite></ref> A lokacin da ta yi aiki na dogon lokaci a cikin ɗakunan ajiya, ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin memba na Kwamitin Manajoji na Buffalo da Erie County Historical Society . Finnegan ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin Darakta na Ƙungiyar Nazarin Al'umma ta Buffalo . Gwamna Cuomo ne ya nada ta a cikin Kwamitin Ba da Shawara na Tarihin Tarihi na Jihar New York kuma ta yi aiki a can daga 1976 zuwa 1985.<ref name=":0" /> Tun daga shekara ta 1968, Finnegan ta kasance memba na Society of American Archivists, tana yin haɗin da ya ƙarfafa ta ta zama mai adana bayanai har ma da kafa MARAC da LOAC.<ref>name=":2">{{Cite journal |date=Summer 2014 |title=Archive Leaders From New York State |url=https://marac.memberclicks.net/assets/documents/maracsummer2014maa.pdf |journal=Mid-Atlantic Archivist |volume=43 |issue=3 |pages=3, 5 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Ta yi aiki a kwamitoci da yawa da rundunonin aiki kuma ta kasance mai matukar hannu a cikin Kwamitin Matsayin Mata a cikin Kwarewar Tarihi da Kwamitin Kwalejin da Jami'ar Tarihi.<ref>name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Shonnie Finnegan - UB People - University Archives - University at Buffalo Libraries |url=https://library.buffalo.edu/archives/ubpeople/detail.html?ID=1233 |access-date=2019-12-10 |website=library.buffalo.edu}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://library.buffalo.edu/archives/ubpeople/detail.html?ID=1233 "Shonnie Finnegan - UB People - University Archives - University at Buffalo Libraries"]. ''library.buffalo.edu''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-12-10</span></span>.</cite></ref> A shekara ta 1975, an zabe ta a matsayin Fellow, mafi girman girmamawa na Society kuma daga 1980 zuwa 1984, ta yi aiki a Majalisar Ba da Shawara ta Tarihi ta Kasa a matsayin wakilin SAA.<ref name=":0" /> A shekara ta 1984, Finnegan ta yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin shugaban kungiyar a lokacin da Andrea Hinding ya zama shugaban kasa, "a karo na farko da mata biyu suka yi aiki a jere a matsayin mataimaki / shugaban SAA. " <ref name=":2" /> Kuma a shekarar 1985, ta fara wa'adin ta a matsayin shugaban SAA na 41.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=President Shonnie Finnegan {{!}} Society of American Archivists |url=https://www2.archivists.org/node/9742 |access-date=2019-12-10 |website=www2.archivists.org}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www2.archivists.org/node/9742 "President Shonnie Finnegan | Society of American Archivists"]. ''www2.archivists.org''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-12-10</span></span>.</cite></ref> Yayinda take shugaban kasa, an ba ta aikin tsara bikin cika shekaru 50 na SAA.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Shonnie Finnegan |url=https://cbaileymsls.wordpress.com/tag/shonnie-finnegan/ |access-date=2019-12-10 |website=Courtney Bailey, MSLS |language=en}}</ref> A cikin jawabinsa na shugaban kasa, ta kuma lura da wuraren ci gaba. Ta ƙayyade Task Force on Archives and Society da Kwamitin kan Manufofi da Priorities (C-GAP) a matsayin ƙungiyoyi biyu waɗanda ke buƙatar goyon bayan membobin SAA.<ref name=":3" /> Ta rubuta kuma ta buga labarai da littattafai da yawa, galibi ta hanyar mujallar SAA, The American Archivist . Yawancin bincikenta suna mai da hankali kan mata da tarihin gida, amma kuma tana bincika tarihin tarihi da fasaha. A duk lokacin da ta yi aiki, ta kasance tana da hannu sosai a shirye-shirye a fadin jihar New York wanda ya fara ne a karkashin jagorancin mai adana bayanai na jihar Ed Weldon, wanda ya dauki [[Kathleen D. Roe|Kathleen Roe]] a farkon aikinta.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |date=Summer 2014 |title=Archive Leaders From New York State |url=https://marac.memberclicks.net/assets/documents/maracsummer2014maa.pdf |journal=Mid-Atlantic Archivist |volume=43 |issue=3 |pages=3, 5 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://marac.memberclicks.net/assets/documents/maracsummer2014maa.pdf "Archive Leaders From New York State"]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. ''Mid-Atlantic Archivist''. '''43''' (3): 3, 5. Summer 2014.</cite></ref> A shekara ta 1984, ta taimaka wajen tattara rahoton, "Toward a Usable Past," wanda tare da shirye-shiryen Gwamnati, ya taimaka wajen bunkasa shirye-shirye da ke ci gaba a yau.<ref name=":2" /> Ta kuma shiga cikin SUNY a Buffalo Chapter na American Association of University Professors (AAUP), tana aiki a matsayin sakatare, mataimakin shugaban kasa da shugaban kasa.<ref name=":0"/> Finnegan ya kuma yi aiki a Kwamitin Binciken 'Yancin Ilimi na Kasa.<ref name=":0" /> Ta yi ritaya daga matsayinta a Buffalo a shekarar 1997, amma ta ci gaba da aiki a cikin sana'ar adana bayanai a Jami'ar Tarihi . <ref name=":0"/> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1931]] qr0z4f4fuuogy1qr1wpsp826vc1ovf8 0 96938 829802 736586 2026-05-05T03:47:27Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829802 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sheilah Gashumba''' ƴar jarida ce ta Uganda, mai watsa shirye-shiryen TV kuma mai tasiri na dijital. <ref name="softpower.ug">{{Cite web |title=Sheila Gashumba Joins NBS TV - SoftPower News |url=https://www.softpower.ug/sheila-gashumba-joins-nbs-tv/}}</ref> <ref name="auto">{{Cite web |title=Sheila Gasbumba Joins Next Media Services |url=https://nbs.ug/2021/11/sheila-gasbumba-joins-next-media-services/ |access-date=2025-03-20 |archive-date=2024-03-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240302043140/https://nbs.ug/2021/11/sheila-gasbumba-joins-next-media-services/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ta taɓa ɗaukar nauyin shirin NBS After5 a gidan talabijin na NBS kuma a halin yanzu, mai gabatar da rediyo a NRG Uganda kuma mai masaukin baki na 'House of Chefs' na DSTV a [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tasamba |first=Brian |date=6 November 2021 |title=Sheilah Gashumba Joins NBS TV for the NBS After 5 show |url=https://cyclonetimes.com/sheilah-gashumba-joins-nbs-tv-for-the-nbs-after-5-show/ |access-date=20 March 2025 |archive-date=12 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211112115611/https://cyclonetimes.com/sheilah-gashumba-joins-nbs-tv-for-the-nbs-after-5-show/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 November 2021 |title=Former NTV TNation's Sheila Gashumba Finally joins NBS After 5 |url=https://www.theugandandaily.com/former-ntv-tnations-presenter-sheila-gashumba-finally-joins-the-fantastic-4-on-nbs-after-5/}}</ref> <ref name="auto1">{{Cite web |last=Mugisha |first=Mugibson |date=5 November 2021 |title=NBS After5 Gets A Revamp With Sheilah Gashumba Addition - MUGIBSON |url=https://mugibson.com/sheilah-gashumba-nbs-after5/}}</ref> == A matsayin al'adu == Gashumba tana amfani da dandalin sada zumunta na [[Snapchat]], [[Instagram]], [[Twitter]], Threads da [[Fezbuk|Facebook]] don ba da shawara ga manufar mafi ƙarancin albashi ga [[Ɗan jarida|'yan jarida]] da masu watsa labarai a Uganda. Ta kuma yi aiki akan kamfen ɗin tallatawa don samfuran da suka haɗa da Africell, [[Uber]], [[Coca-cola|Coca-Cola]] da [[Tecno Mobile]]. Ita ce mace ta farko ta kafofin watsa labarai da ta ba da rahoto game da taron shugabannin gwamnatoci na gama gari (CHOGM) wanda [[Elizabeth II|Sarauniya Elizabeth II]] ke jagoranta a shekarar 2007. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == Gashumba ta halarci makarantar Taibah International School, Galaxy International School Kampala, Kabojja International School, City Varsity Media & Creative Arts a Cape Town, Afirka ta Kudu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 May 2015 |title=Sheilah Gashumba Enrolls for Certificate Course in South African University |url=https://campusbee.ug/news/gossip/sheilah-gashumba-enrolls-for-a-certificate-course-in-south-african-university/}}</ref> <ref name="auto2">{{Cite web |title=Sheilah Gashumba is living a teen's dream |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/1327090 |website=New Vision}}{{Dead link|date=February 2023}} [[Rukuni:Articles with dead external links from February 2023]] </ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 November 2021 |title=Sheilah Gashumba officially unveiled as NBS after 5 member |url=https://campasstv.com/2021/11/06/sheilah-gashumba-officially-unveiled-as-nbs-after-5-member/ }}{{Dead link|date=April 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Sana'a == Gashumba ta fara gabatar da wasan kwaikwayo na matasa a [[WBS TV|gidan talabijin na WBS]] a shekarar 2007. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Reporter |first=Pearl Times |date=6 November 2021 |title=Sheila Gashumba Joins NBS After5 |url=https://pearltimes.co.ug/sheila-gashumba-joins-nbs-after5/ |access-date=20 March 2025 |archive-date=29 April 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250429130026/https://www.pearltimes.co.ug/sheila-gashumba-joins-nbs-after5/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref name="auto1"/> Daga baya Sheila ta shiga NTV inda ta gabatar da T-Nation sannan ta gabatar da NTV The Beat tare da Douglas Lwanga. <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 November 2021 |title=Huge Upgrade: Sheilah Gashumba's new salary at NBS TV leaked |url=https://mbu.ug/2021/11/09/huge-upgrade-sheilah-gashumbas-new-salary-at-nbs-tv-leaked/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 November 2021 |title=JUST IN: Sheilah Gashumba Joins NBS TV |url=https://campusbee.ug/news/just-in-sheilah-gashumba-joins-nbs-tv/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan |first=Liam |date=5 November 2021 |title=OFFICIAL: Sheila Gashumba joins NBS TV – Boom UG |url=https://www.boom.ug/entertainment/15304/official-sheila-gashumba-joins-nbs-tv/ }}{{Dead link|date=April 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 November 2021 |title=Sheilah Gashumba Makes Comeback With NBS After5 |url=https://lifestyleug.com/sheilah-gashumba-nbs-after5/ |access-date=20 March 2025 |archive-date=29 April 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250429130023/https://lifestyleug.com/sheilah-gashumba-nbs-after5/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Eupal |first=Felix |title=Sheila: my life, their dream |url=https://observer.ug/lifestyle/entertainment/28384-sheila-my-life-their-dream |website=The Observer - Uganda }}{{Dead link|date=April 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A watan Nuwamba 2021, ta shiga NBS Television inda a halin yanzu take karɓar bakuncin NBS After5, wani shirin nishadi wanda ke tashi daga Litinin zuwa Juma'a daga 5:00 na yamma har zuwa 7:00 na yamma tare da MC Kats, Douglas Lwanga, DJ Mercy Pro da DJ Roja daga duo Slick Stuart & Dj Roja. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 November 2021 |title=Here is Sheilah Gashumba, Douglas Lwanga and MC Kats' monthly salary at NBS TV |url=https://www.watchdoguganda.com/entertainment/20211107/124364/here-is-sheilah-gashumba-douglas-lwanga-and-mc-kats-monthly-salary-at-nbs-tv.html}}</ref> <ref name="auto"/> <ref name="auto1" /> <ref name="softpower.ug"/> == Girmamawa == {| class="wikitable" !Year !Award !Category !Nominee(s) !Result !Ref. |- |2013 |Buzz Teeniez Awards |Teeniez Teen TV Show presenter |Sheilah Gashumba | {{Won}} ! align="center" |,<ref>{{Cite web |date=13 May 2013 |title=Artistes rock Buzz Teenies Awards |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/new_vision/news/1319436/artistes-rock-buzz-teenies-awards}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=11 May 2013 |title=Buzz Teens Awards 2013: The Full List |url=https://chimpreports.com/9994-buzz-teens-awards-2013-the-full-list/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 April 2013 |title=Buzz Teeniez goes to Lubiri |url=https://observer.ug/component/content/article?id=24690:buzz-teeniez-goes-to-lubiri }}{{Dead link|date=April 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> |- |2014 |Abryanz Style And Fashion Awards |Best Dressed Female TV Personality Award |Sheilah Gashumba | {{Nom}} ! align="center" |,<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 December 2014 |title=Sheila Gashumba, Bettinah Lose Out at Abryanz Fashion Awards |url=https://campusbee.ug/news/sheila-gashumba-bettinah-lose-abryanz-fashion-awards/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 October 2014 |title=The Abryanz Style & Fashion Awards 2014 Nominees Announced |url=https://bigeye.ug/abryanz-style-fashion-awards-2014-nominees-announced/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2014 |title=Photos!! The 2014 Abryanz Style And Fashion Awards |url=http://chano8.com/photos-2014-abryanz-style-fashion-awards/ }}{{Dead link|date=April 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> |- |2015 |Abryanz Style And Fashion Awards |Best Dressed Female Media Personality of the Year |Sheilah Gashumba | {{Nom}} ! align="center" | <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 October 2015 |title=Official Abryanz Style And Fashion Awards 2015 Nominees List |url=http://chano8.com/official-abryanz-style-and-fashion-awards-2015-nominees-list/ }}{{Dead link|date=April 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 December 2015 |title=A night of celebrating fashion |url=https://www.observer.ug/lifestyle/41681-a-night-of-celebrating-fashion }}{{Dead link|date=April 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> |- |2016 |Starqt Fashion Awards |Media Personality of the year |Sheilah Gashumba | {{Nom}} ! align="center" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 December 2014 |title=MC Ronnie awangudde engule e Sausi ne yeewaana |url=https://www.bukedde.co.ug/bukedde/kasalabecca/1435498/mc-ronnie-awangudde-engule-sausi-ne-yeewaana }}{{Dead link|date=April 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> |- |2017 |PAFA |Best Fashionista |Sheilah Gashumba | {{Won}} ! align="center" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 December 2017 |title=2017 Winners Winners in the First Edition of the Pearl of Africa Fashion Awards in 2017 |url=https://pearlofafricafashionawards.com/2017-winners/ }}{{Dead link|date=April 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> |- |2018 |Abryanz Style And Fashion Awards |Most Stylish Female Celebrity of the Year |Sheilah Gashumba | {{Nom}} ! align="center" | <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 November 2018 |title=Abryanz Style and Fashion Awards 2018: Full list of nominees |url=https://bigeye.ug/abryanz-style-and-fashion-awards-2018-full-list-of-nominees/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=8 December 2018 |title=PICTORIAL: Pomp, Glamour as Abryanz Style and Fashion Awards harangue art |url=http://www.pmldaily.com/features/celebrity/2018/12/pictorial-pomp-glamour-as-abryanz-style-and-fashion-awards-harangue-art.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=12 December 2018 |title=Full List Of Winners at Abryanz Style & Fashion Awards 2018 |url=https://chimpreports.com/full-list-of-winners-at-abryanz-stlye-fashion-awards-2018/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=8 December 2018 |title=PHOTOS: What You Missed at Abryanz Style and Fashion Awards 2018 - SoftPower News |url=https://www.softpower.ug/photos-what-you-missed-at-abryanz-style-and-fashion-awards-2018/}}</ref> |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 9cizm6zupxn25qhehbruxvoe4tkke5t 0 96958 829752 601423 2026-05-04T22:53:16Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829752 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Fiona Nagirinya''', wacce aka fi sani da '''Sasha Ferguson''', 'yar kasuwa ce ta Uganda, mai jin kai, kuma tsohuwar mai gabatar da shirye-shiryen TV. == Rayuwar farko == An haife ta a shekara ta 1996 a [[Kampala|Kampala, Uganda]], Ferguson 'yar ƙabilar Baganda ce, wacce ke cikin [[masarautar Buganda]] da ke tsakiyar ƙasar Uganda. Ta girma a cikin dangi mai tushe cikin al'adun Buganda, ta sami ƙwaƙƙwarar fahimtar al'umma da alhakin zamantakewa tun tana ƙarama. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Iragaba |first=Apollo |date=2022-07-01 |title=10 Things You Need to know about Sasha Ferguson |url=https://hardrockmedia.org/2022/07/10-things-to-know-about-sasha-ferguson/ |access-date=2024-11-18 |website=Hard Rock Media |language=en-US }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=SSUUBI |first=DEVON |date=2024-09-18 |title=Sasha Ferguson: True love is giving the other person power to destroy you, but trusting that they will not |url=https://observer.ug/index.php/lifestyle/82456-sasha-ferguson-true-love-is-giving-the-other-person-power-to-destroy-you-but-trusting-that-they-will-not |access-date=2024-11-18 |website=The Observer - Uganda |language=en-gb}}</ref> == Ilimi da aiki == Ferguson ta halarci makarantar sakandare ta 'yan mata ta St. Noah, inda ta kammala karatunta na Advanced Certificate of Education (UACE), bayan ta samu takardar shaidar ilimi ta Uganda (UCE) don karatunta na yau da kullun. Ayyukanta a masana'antar watsa labarai ta fara ne lokacin da ta yi aiki a matsayin mai gabatar da shirye-shiryen talabijin na matasa a gidan talabijin na WBS. A cikin shekarar 2018, ta kafa Sasha Hair Collection, kasuwanci mai kyau da kayan kwalliya da ke Kabalagala, Uganda. Kasuwancin yana ba da sabis na gashi da kyau, musamman ga mata, kuma ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan hanyoyin samun kuɗin shiga. <ref name=":0"/> <ref name=":2"/> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Sasha ta auri Canary Mugume, [[ɗan jarida]] kuma ɗan jarida a NBS TV. Ma'auratan sun haɗu a cikin shekarar 2013, yayin da Sasha har yanzu tana a matashiya kuma tana ɗaukar nauyin wasan kwaikwayo a WBS TV. Sun yi aure a ranar 19 ga watan Satumba, 2021, a wani biki a Miracle Center Cathedral, wanda Fasto Robert Kayanja ya jagoranta. liyafar ɗaurin auren da aka gudanar a Hotel Africana, ya samu halartar baki ciki har da ɗan kasuwa ɗan ƙasar Uganda Sudhir Ruparelia. <ref name=":0"/> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Waswa |first=Samson |date=2023-06-20 |title=Sasha Ferguson discusses differences with husband, teenage experience that killed her social media appetite |url=https://www.pulse.ug/entertainment/celebrities/sasha-ferguson-discusses-differences-with-husband-teenage-experience-that-killed-her/ch3kz2w |access-date=2024-11-18 |website=Pulse Uganda |language=en}}</ref> <ref name=":2"/> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Benjie |date=2024-07-11 |title=Canary Mugume and Sasha Ferguson celebrate love on her birthday |url=https://mbu.ug/2024/07/11/canary-mugume-celebrates-wife-sasha-ferguson/ |access-date=2024-11-18 |website=MBU |language=en-US}}</ref> Ferguson ita ce wacce ta kafa kungiyar agaji ta Draw a Smile, da nufin inganta samun ilimi ga yara marasa galihu a ƙasar Uganda.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=November 2024}}<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2024)">abubuwan da ake bukata</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1996]] ancg2tmahy1eg3xrnd6vfp9vsvukhe6 0 97437 829957 687229 2026-05-05T09:05:58Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829957 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}}[[Fayil:Smita_Patil_2013_stamp_of_India.jpg|thumb|Patil a kan hatimi na 2013 na Indiya]] Smita Patil (an haife ta ne a ranar 17 ga Oktoba 1955 - 13 ga Disamba shekara ta 1986) <ref> name="Kuhn1990">{{Cite book|last3=Annette Kuhn}}</ref> 'yar fim ce kuma 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Indiya. Patil an dauke ta daga cikin mafi kyawun kuma mafi girma a cikin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo na fina-finai a tarihin fina-falla na Indiya. Ta fito a cikin fina-finai sama da 80 a cikin harsuna da yawa, amma galibi a cikin [[Harshen Hindu|Hindi]] da [[Marati|Marathi]], a cikin aikin da ya kai sama da shekaru goma. Patil ta sami lambar yabo ta fina-finai ta kasa guda biyu, lambar yabo ta Filmfare, lambar yabo ce ta Filmfare Marathi guda biyu kuma ta sami Padma Shri, lambar yabo mafi girma ta farar hula ta Indiya a shekara ta 1985.<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 October 2016 |title=Remembering Smita Patil: Why The Actress is Irreplaceable |url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/remembering-smita-patil-why-the-actress-is-irreplaceable-in-indian-cinema-1302347.html |access-date=4 May 2021 |website=News18.com |language=en}}</ref> Patil ta fara fim dinta tare da Shyam Benegal's Charandas Chor (1975). Ta zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan 'yan wasan kwaikwayo na fina-finai, ƙungiyar New Wave a cikin fina-fallafen Indiya, kodayake ta kuma bayyana a fina-fakkaatu da yawa a duk lokacin da take aiki. Ayyukanta sun sami yabo sosai, kuma rawar da ta fi Mandi da ita sun haɗa da Manthan (1977), Bhumika (1977) wanda ta lashe lambar yabo ta farko ta fina-finai ta kasa don 'yar wasan kwaikwayo mafi kyau, Jait Re Jait (1978), Aakrosh (1980), Chakra (1981) wanda ya ba ta lambar yabo ta biyu ta fina-filimu mafi kyau da kuma ta farko kuma kawai don 'yar fim, Namak Halasalaal (1982), Bawarrit (1982), Shakti (1982), Arth Satchariya (1983), A Maz (1983), Baya ga yin wasan kwaikwayo, Patil ta kasance mai fafutukar mata kuma memba ne na Cibiyar Mata a Mumbai . Ta himmatu sosai ga ci gaban batutuwan mata kuma ta ba da goyon bayanta ga fina-finai waɗanda ke neman bincika rawar mata a cikin al'ummar Indiya ta gargajiya, jima'i, da canje-canjen da ke fuskantar mata masu matsakaicin matsayi a cikin birni.  {{Ana bukatan hujja|date=September 2024}}Ta mutu a ranar 13 ga watan Disamba shekara ta 1986 tana da shekaru 31 saboda matsalolin haihuwa. Fiye da fina-finai goma da ta yi an sake su bayan mutuwarta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 October 2017 |title=Remembering Smita Patil on her 62nd birth anniversary |url=https://indianexpress.com/photos/entertainment-gallery/remembering-smita-patil-on-her-62nd-birth-anniversary-4895128/lite/ |access-date=20 August 2022 |website=Indian Express}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=12 December 2015 |title=Maithili Rao's book on Smita Patil gives marvellous insights |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/books/maithili-rao-s-book-on-smita-patil-gives-marvellous-insights/story-OC2kY8TxoHRR9AMG0XPblL.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220816142138/https://www.hindustantimes.com/books/maithili-rao-s-book-on-smita-patil-gives-marvellous-insights/story-OC2kY8TxoHRR9AMG0XPblL_amp.html |archive-date=16 August 2022 |access-date=11 August 2022 |website=Hindustan Times}}</ref> == Fim din == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara !Taken !Matsayi !Harshe ! class="unsortable" |Bayani ! class="unsortable" |Tabbacin. |- |1974 |''Raja Shiv Chhatrapati'' |Saibai |[[Harshen Hindu|Hindi]]-[[Marati|Marathi]] |Harsuna Biyu |<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 October 2018 |title=स्मिता पाटिल बॉयोग्राफी |url=https://www.newstrend.news/177026/smita-patil-biography-hindi/ |access-date=15 April 2020 |website=newstrend.news |publisher=Newstrend}}</ref> |- | rowspan="3" |1975 |''Samna'' |Kamley |Marathi | |<ref name="Kuhn1990">{{Cite book|last3=Annette Kuhn}}</ref> |- |''Nishant'' |Rukmani |Hindi | | |- |''Charandas Chor'' |Rajkumari |Hindi | | |- |1976 |''Manthan'' |Bindu |Hindi | |<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-06-01 |title=Did you know Shyam Benegal's Manthan was India's first crowdfunded film? |url=https://www.mid-day.com/articles/did-you-know-shyam-benegals-manthan-was-indias-first-crowdfunded-film/20203176 |access-date=2019-06-16 |website=[[Mid-Day]] |archive-date=2019-06-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190616070514/https://www.mid-day.com/articles/did-you-know-shyam-benegals-manthan-was-indias-first-crowdfunded-film/20203176 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | rowspan="3" |1977 |''Bhumika'' |Usha / Urvashi Dalvi |Hindi |Ya lashe - Kyautar Fim ta Kasa don Mafi kyawun 'yar wasan kwaikwayo, wanda aka zaba - Kyautar Filmfare don Mafi kyawun' yar wasan kwaikwayoKyautar Filmfare don 'yar wasan kwaikwayo mafi kyau |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Vaiju Mahindroo |date=19 November 2011 |title='Hansa Wadkar' is the most difficult film I have done so far: Smita Patil |url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/smita-patil-in-shyam-benegal-film-hansa-wadkar/1/160599.html |access-date=27 September 2014 |website=India Today}}</ref> |- |''Saal Solvan Chadya'' |Pinky |[[Harshen Punjab|Punjabi]] | | |- |''Jait Re Jait'' |Chindhi |Marathi |Won - Kyautar Filmfare don Mafi kyawun Actress MarathiKyautar Filmfare don Mafi kyawun 'yar wasan kwaikwayo Marathi | |- | rowspan="2" |1978 |''Kondura/'' / ''Anugraham'' |Parvati |Hindi-[[Talgu|Telugu]] |Harsuna Biyu |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kumar |first=Anuj |date=17 July 2014 |title=Smita Patil's Bhumika (1977) |url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/bhumika-1977/article6221624.ece |access-date=27 September 2014 |website=The Hindu}}</ref> |- |''Gaman'' |Khairun Hussain |Hindi | | |- | rowspan="4" |1980 |''Sarvasakshi'' |Sujatha |Marathi | | |- |''Naxalits'' |Ajitha |Hindi | | |- |''Albert Pinto Ko Gussa Kyon Aata Hai'' |Joan |Hindi | | |- |''Aakrosh'' |Nagi Lahanya |Hindi | | |- | rowspan="5" |1981 |''Bhavani Bhavai'' |Ujaan |Gujarati | | |- |''Chakra'' |Amma |Hindi |Won - Kyautar Fim ta Kasa don Mafi Kyawun Actress da Filmfare Kyautar Mafi Kyawun Actor | |- |''Tajurba'' |Pinki |Hindi | | |- |''Sadgati'' |Juria |Hindi |Fim din talabijin |<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 September 2021 |title=Satyajit Ray's 'cruellest' film to date, Sadgati with Smita Patil and Om Puri turns 40 |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/satyajit-ray-cruellest-film-sadgati-at-40-om-puri-smita-patil-7506670/ |access-date=15 October 2022 |website=Indian Express}}</ref> |- |''Akaler Sandhane'' |Shi da kansa |Bengali | | |- | rowspan="11" |1982 |''Namak Halaal'' |Poonam |Hindi | |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Singh Dhillon |first=Chitvan |date=13 November 2015 |title=Superstar Smita |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/entertainment/superstar-smita-157290 |access-date=3 April 2021 |website=Tribune India News Service}}</ref> |- |''Bazaar'' |Najma |Hindi |An zabi shi - Kyautar Filmfare don 'yar wasan kwaikwayo mafi kyau | |- |''Badle Ki Aag'' |Bijli |Hindi | | |- |''Dil-E-Nadaan'' |Sheela |Hindi | | |- |''Shakti'' |Roma Devi |Hindi | |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jha |first=Subhash K. |date=23 January 2017 |title=Ramesh Sippy on casting Amitabh Bachchan and Dilip Kumar together in Shakti |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/features/ramesh-sippy-casting-amitabh-bachchan-dilip-kumar-together-shakti/ |access-date=14 July 2021 |website=Bollywood Hungama}}</ref> |- |''Arth'' |Kavita Sanyal |Hindi |An zabi shi - Kyautar Filmfare don Mafi Kyawun Mataimakin Mataimakin |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Walia |first=Neha |date=28 May 2010 |title=Easy come, easy go? Nah |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/2010/20100528/ttlife1.htm#12 |access-date=15 July 2021}}</ref> |- |''Umbartha'' |Sulabha Mahajan |Marathi |Won - Kyautar Filmfare don Mafi kyawun Actress Marathi da Kyautar Fim ta Jihar Maharashtra don Mafi kyawun 'yar wasan kwaikwayoKyautar Fim ta Jihar Maharashtra don Mafi Kyawun Actress |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Indian Cinema '80/'81 |url=http://dff.nic.in/2011/IP1981.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303232755/http://dff.nic.in/2011/IP1981.pdf |archive-date=3 March 2016 |access-date=22 September 2014}}</ref> |- |''Sitam'' |Meenakshi |Hindi | | |- |''Dard Ka Rishta'' |Dokta Anuradha |Hindi | | |- |''Bheegi Palkein'' |Shanti |Hindi | | |- |''Naseeb Ni Balihari'' | |Gujarati | |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lahiri |first=Monojit |title=Remembering The Timeless Bhuika... |url=http://www.thesundayindian.com/en/story/remembering-the-timeless-bhuika/275/48561/ |access-date=2021-04-03 |website=The Sunday Indian |archive-date=2021-09-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210923234210/http://www.thesundayindian.com/en/story/remembering-the-timeless-bhuika/275/48561/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | rowspan="7" |1983 |''Chatpati'' |Chatpatee |Hindi | | |- |''Ghungroo'' |Kesarbai |Hindi | | |- |''Qayamat'' |Shashi |Hindi | | |- |''Ardh Satya'' |Jyotsna Gokhale |Hindi | | |- |''Mandi'' |Zeenat |Hindi |An zabi shi - Kyautar Filmfare don Mafi Kyawun Mataimakin Mataimakin | |- |''Haadsa'' |Asha |Hindi | | |- |''Anveshane'' |Revati |Kannada | | |- | rowspan="13" |1984 |''Farishta'' |Kashibai |Hindi | | |- |''Sharaabi'' |Mai rawa |Hindi |Bayyanar baƙo a cikin waƙar "Jahan Char Yaar Mil Jaye" | |- |''Hum Do Hamare Do'' |Aarati |Hindi | | |- |''Aaj Ki Aawaz'' |Rajni Deshmukh |Hindi |An zabi shi - Kyautar Filmfare don 'yar wasan kwaikwayo mafi kyau |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Singh |first=Deepali |date=2017-08-05 |title=Evolution of the rape scene |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/bollywood/report-evolution-of-the-rape-scene-2520956 |access-date=2021-02-10 |website=DNA India |language=en}}</ref> |- |''Raavan'' |Ganga |Hindi | | |- |''Rubuce-rubuce, Pyaar Aur Paap'' | |Hindi | | |- |''Kasam Paida Karne Wale Ki'' |Aarti |Hindi | | |- |''Tarang'' |Janki |Hindi | | |- |''Shafar'' |Shanti |Hindi | | |- |''Meraa Dost Meraa Dushman'' |Lali |Hindi | | |- |''Kanoon Meri Mutthi Mein'' | |Hindi | | |- |''Giddh'' |Hanumi |Hindi | | |- |''Anand Aur Anand'' |Kiran |Hindi | | |- | rowspan="5" |1985 |''Jawab'' |Rajni/Radha/Salma |Hindi | | |- |''Ghulami'' |Sumitra Singh |Hindi | | |- |''Meraa Ghar Mere Bachche'' |Geeta Bhargav |Hindi | | |- |''Aakhir Kyon?'' |Nisha |Hindi | |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sood |first=Samira |date=17 October 2020 |title=Smita Patil in Aakhir Kyon? is an example of how art and mainstream films aren't so far apart |url=https://theprint.in/features/reel-take/smita-patil-in-aakhir-kyon-is-an-example-of-how-art-and-mainstream-films-arent-so-far-apart/524966/ |access-date=3 April 2021 |website=ThePrint |language=en-US}}</ref> |- |''Chidambaram'' |Shivakaami |[[Malayalam]] | | |- | rowspan="10" |1986 |''Sutradhar'' |Farko |Hindi | | |- |''Kaanch Ki Deewar'' |Nisha |Hindi | | |- |''Dilwaala'' |Sumitra Devi |Hindi | | |- |''Aap Ke Saath'' |Ganga |Hindi | | |- |''Mirch Masala'' |Sonbai |Hindi |Won - Kyautar BFJA don Mafi kyawun 'yar wasan kwaikwayo (Hindi) Kyautar BFJA don 'yar wasan kwaikwayo mafi kyau (Hindi) |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Prasad |first=Shishir |last2=Ramnath |first2=N. S. |last3=Mitter |first3=Sohini |date=27 April 2013 |title=25 Greatest Acting Performances of Indian Cinema |url=http://forbesindia.com/article/100-years-of-indian-cinema/25-greatest-acting-performances-of-indian-cinema/35125/0 |access-date=27 January 2015}}</ref> |- |''Amrit'' |Kamla Shrivastav |Hindi | | |- |''Anokha Rishta'' |Dokta Padma Kapoor |Hindi | | |- |''Dahleez'' |Sukhbir Kaur |Hindi | | |- |''Saath Chal kawai'' |Geeta |Hindi | | |- |''Angaarey'' |Arti Varma |Hindi | | |} == Sakamakon da aka saki bayan mutuwar == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara !Taken !Matsayi ! class="unsortable" |Bayani ! class="unsortable" |Tabbacin. |- | rowspan="10" |1987 |''Insaniyat Ke Dushman'' |Lakshmi Nath | | |- |''Nazrana'' |Mukta | | |- |''Debshishu'' |Seeta |Fim din Bengali |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Debashishu |url=http://www.mybindi.com/arts-entertainment/WHATSON/bengali_filmfest.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090717060502/http://www.mybindi.com/arts-entertainment/WHATSON/bengali_filmfest.html |archive-date=17 July 2009}}</ref> |- |''Dance'' |Radha | | |- |''Raahee'' |Rano / Sandhya | | |- |''Ahsaan'' | | | |- |''Awam'' |Dokta Shabnam | | |- |''Thikana'' |Shashi Goel | | |- |''Aaj'' |Kavita | | |- |''Sher Shivaji'' | | | |- | rowspan="3" |1988 |''Hum Farishte Nahin'' |Roma | | |- |''Waaris'' |Paramjit |Muryar da Rekha ya yi amfani da ita | |- |''Akarshan'' | |Cameo | |- | rowspan="2" |1989 |''Oonch Neech Beech'' |Sumati |Ya jinkirta | |- |''Galiyon Ke Badshah'' |Tulsi |Ya jinkirta | |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} qeq7b72wikmn9z008lh5sg241ejktox 0 97731 829791 787653 2026-05-05T03:03:15Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829791 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Shartsi 'Namatovu' Kutesa Musherure''' wacce aka fi sani da Shartsi Musherure [[Lauya|lauya ce 'yar ƙasar]] [[Uganda]], [[Ɗan siyasa|'yar siyasa]] kuma 'yar majalisa. Ita ce 'yar majalisa mai wakiltar gundumar Mawogola ta Arewa Sambabule a majalisar dokokin Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=🎥 WATCH: Shartsi Kutesa Musherure sworn in as Mawogola North MP |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/103119 |access-date=2022-04-06 |website=New Vision |language=en}}</ref> == Tarihi da ilimi == Shartsi ɗiyar tsohuwar ministar harkokin wajen ƙasar Sam Kuteesa ce kuma tagwaye ga Charlotte Kainerugaba matar ɗan shugaba [[Yoweri Museveni|Museveni]] Muhoozi Kainerugaba. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2020-11-17 |title=I won't be absent like my father - Kutesa's daughter |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/i-won-t-be-absent-like-my-father-kutesa-s-daughter-3147516 |access-date=2022-04-06 |website=Monitor |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-12-21 |title=KAGUTA-KUTESA BATTLE: NRM Tribunal Declared Illegal to Nullify Sodo Kaguta Win against Shartsi Kutesa in Mawogola North Primaries |url=https://commandonepost.com/index.php/2020/12/21/kaguta-kutesa-battle-nrm-tribunal-declared-illegal-to-nullify-sodo-kaguta-win-against-shartsi-kutesa-in-mawogola-north-primaries/ |access-date=2022-04-06 |website=Command One Post |language=en-US |archive-date=2022-10-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221015161553/https://commandonepost.com/index.php/2020/12/21/kaguta-kutesa-battle-nrm-tribunal-declared-illegal-to-nullify-sodo-kaguta-win-against-shartsi-kutesa-in-mawogola-north-primaries/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kaaya |first=Sadab Kitatta |title=Daughter: Minister Kutesa wants change |url=https://observer.ug/news/headlines/62969-daughter-minister-kutesa-wants-change |access-date=2022-04-06 |website=The Observer - Uganda |language=en-gb}}</ref> Ta gaji mahaifinta a matsayin 'yar majalisar wakilai na ƙaramar hukumar Mawogola bayan zaɓen da aka gudanar. <ref name=":0"/> Tun da farko a zaɓen fidda gwani na jam'iyyar National Resistance Movement (NRM) da ya kai ga zaɓen shekara ta 2021, Shartsi ta sha kaye a hannun ƙanin Shugaba Museveni, Godfrey Aine Kaguta wanda aka fi sani da "Sodo". Shartsi ta kalubalanci nasarar Sodo wanda ya sa hukumar zaɓe ta NRM ta umurci dukkan 'yan takarar su tsaya takara a matsayin masu cin gashin kansu. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Reporter |first=Independent |date=2020-10-01 |title=Aine Kaguta, Kawooya win NRM residual primaries in Sembabule |url=https://www.independent.co.ug/aine-kaguta-kawooya-win-nrm-residual-primaries-in-sembabule/ |access-date=2022-04-06 |website=The Independent Uganda |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Why Sodo Kaguta Quit Mawogola North MP Race {{!}} The Kampala Post |url=https://kampalapost.com/content/why-sodo-kaguta-quit-mawogola-north-mp-race |access-date=2022-04-06 |website=kampalapost.com |archive-date=2022-09-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220929102733/https://kampalapost.com/content/why-sodo-kaguta-quit-mawogola-north-mp-race |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-12-01 |title=Muwala wa Minisita Kuteesa Musherure ebintu by'ongedde okumwononekera e Mawogola North, Ababadde Bakakuyege be bamwabulidd |url=https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20201201/105315/muwala-wa-minisita-kuteesa-musherure-ebintu-byongedde-okumwononekera-e-mawogola-north-abawagizi-bamwabulidde.html |access-date=2022-04-06 |website=Watchdog Uganda |language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2021-01-20 |title=Museveni forced me out of Mawogola North race- Sodo |url=https://dailymedia.co.ug/2021/01/20/museveni-forced-me-out-of-mawogola-north-race-sodo/ |access-date=2022-04-06 |website=Daily Media |language=en-US |archive-date=2022-09-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220929102729/https://dailymedia.co.ug/2021/01/20/museveni-forced-me-out-of-mawogola-north-race-sodo/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=URN |title=Museveni's brother, Kutesa's daughter to battle for Mawogola North seat again |url=https://observer.ug/news/headlines/67006-museveni-s-brother-kutesa-s-daughter-to-battle-for-mawogola-north-seat-again |access-date=2022-04-06 |website=The Observer - Uganda |language=en-gb}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-10-17 |title=Sodo, Kutesa's daughter to face off again as both are nominated for Mawogola North |url=http://nilepost.co.ug/2020/10/17/sodo-kutesas-daughter-to-face-off-again-as-both-are-nominated-for-mawogola-north/ |access-date=2022-04-06 |website=Nile Post |language=en-US}}</ref> Wata rana a babban zaɓen Uganda na shekarar 2021, danginsa da [[Yoweri Museveni]] sun shawarce Sodo da ya janye daga takararsa na goyon bayan Shartsi. Daga karshe Shartsi ta yi nasara a babban zaɓen ƙasar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-03-25 |title=Shartsi Kutesa's Election Victory Challenged in Court |url=https://chimpreports.com/shartis-kutesas-election-victory-challenged-in-court/ |access-date=2022-04-06 |website=ChimpReports |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":1"/> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Loser of Mawogola North MP Election Disputes Shartsi Kutesa's Victory |url=https://ugandaradionetwork.net/story/loser-of-mawogola-north-parliamentary-election-disputes-shartsi-kutesas-victory- |access-date=2022-04-06 |website=Uganda Radionetwork |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Aine Godfrey Kaguta Sodo Steps Down from Mawogola Race, Leaves Race for Kuteesa's Daughter |url=https://blizz.co.ug/5054/Aine-Godfrey-Kaguta-Sodo-Steps-Down-from-Mawogola-Race-Leaves-Race-for-Kuteesas-Daughter |access-date=2022-04-06 |website=blizz.co.ug |archive-date=2022-09-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220929102725/https://blizz.co.ug/5054/Aine-Godfrey-Kaguta-Sodo-Steps-Down-from-Mawogola-Race-Leaves-Race-for-Kuteesas-Daughter |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref name=":2"/> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-09-30 |title=BREAKING! Sodo Kaguta takes commanding lead in Ssembabule NRM polls, defeats Kutesa's daughter at her own polling station |url=https://www.pmldaily.com/news/politics/2020/09/breaking-kaguta-sodo-takes-commanding-lead-in-ssembabule-nrm-polls-defeats-kutesas-daughter-at-her-own-polling-station.html |access-date=2022-04-06 |website=PML Daily |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-01-13 |title=How Museveni, Salim Saleh lured their brother Sodo into quitting Mawogola North MP race a day to polls |url=https://www.matookerepublic.com/2021/01/13/how-museveni-salim-saleh-lured-their-brother-sodo-into-quitting-mawogola-north-mp-race-a-day-to-polls/ |access-date=2022-04-06 |website=Matooke Republic |language=en-US |archive-date=2022-09-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220929102725/https://www.matookerepublic.com/2021/01/13/how-museveni-salim-saleh-lured-their-brother-sodo-into-quitting-mawogola-north-mp-race-a-day-to-polls/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Shartsi yana da digiri biyu a [[Lauya|Law]]. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Gen Kainerugaba Commends Sister-in-Law's Attributes as She Launches 'Goberera' {{!}} The Kampala Post |url=https://www.kampalapost.com/content/gen-kainerugaba-commends-sister-laws-attributes-she-launches-goberera |access-date=2022-04-06 |website=www.kampalapost.com |archive-date=2022-09-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220929102733/https://www.kampalapost.com/content/gen-kainerugaba-commends-sister-laws-attributes-she-launches-goberera |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Aiki == Shartsi ita ce 'yar majalisa a yanzu (MP) mai wakiltar gundumar Mawogola ta arewa a majalisar dokokin Uganda. A majalisa, tana aiki a kwamitin shari'a da na majalisa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Committee on Legal and Parliamentary Affairs – Parliament Watch |url=https://parliamentwatch.ug/committees/committee-on-legal-and-parliamentary-affairs/ |access-date=2022-04-06 |language=en-US}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] g6c4rjab3x4va41my0r1mxmpjdo7bz1 0 99147 830061 719581 2026-05-05T09:54:19Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 830061 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Sonia Mbele''' 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta [[Afirka ta Kudu]], <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sonia Mbele returns to TV screen |url=https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/entertainment/2021-07-23-sonia-mbele-returns-to-tv-screen/ |website=SowetanLIVE}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=July 20, 2021 |title=Seasoned Actress Sonia Mbele to star in hit Telenovela, DiepCity |url=https://www.thecallsheet.co.za/seasoned-actress-sonia-mbele-to-star-in-hit-telenovela-diepcity/ |website=Callsheet Africa |access-date=April 24, 2025 |archive-date=February 7, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207154803/https://www.thecallsheet.co.za/seasoned-actress-sonia-mbele-to-star-in-hit-telenovela-diepcity/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> samfurin, <ref>{{Cite web |title=5 Of our favourite Sonia Mbele looks |url=https://www.glamour.co.za/fashion/celebrity-style/5-of-our-favourite-sonia-mbele-looks-e36bcf15-6c0d-4a95-b419-a65509420be3 |website=www.glamour.co.za}}</ref> mai gabatar da talabijin kuma ɗan kasuwa. Ta samar da lambar yabo ta farko ta Real Housewives a Afirka, kuma ita ce mai gabatar da zartarwa ga Real Housewibes na Johannesburg.<ref>{{Cite web |title=WATCH: Sonia Mbele spills the tea on 'The Real Housewives of Johannesburg' cast |url=https://www.msn.com/en-za/news/other/watch-sonia-mbele-spills-the-tea-on-the-real-housewives-of-johannesburg-cast/ar-AA14d4KE |website=MSN}}</ref><ref> name="auto">{{Cite web |date=April 20, 2022 |title=Sonia Mbele shares the genesis of the 'Real Housewives of Johannesburg' |url=https://yfmghana.com/sonia-mbele-shares-the-genesis-of-the-real-housewives-of-johannesburg/}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Sonia Mbele a watan Disamba na shekara ta 1976 a Natalspruit, Afirka ta Kudu . <ref>{{Cite web |date=May 18, 2021 |title=Sonia Mbele Biography, Age, Husband, Movies & Net Worth |url=https://ghanadmission.com/za/sonia-mbele/ |access-date=April 24, 2025 |archive-date=February 7, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207154758/https://ghanadmission.com/za/sonia-mbele/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ayyuka == Mbele ta fara aikinta a shekarar 1998 a matsayin jagora a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na SABC 2 wanda ake kira ''Phamokate'' kuma a shekarar 1999 an ba ta lambar yabo ta FNB Vita don Mafi Kyawun Sabon Actress. A shekara ta 2003, an jefa Mbele a cikin jerin sabulu na SABC 1 Generations ta hanyar da ta zama sananne a Afirka ta Kudu, ta taka rawar da ta taka a matsayin Ntombi Khumalo har zuwa shekara ta 2011.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sekudu |first=Bonolo |title=Sonia Mbele on her new reality show, her success and legacy |url=https://www.news24.com/drum/celebs/news/sonia-mbele-on-her-new-reality-show-her-success-and-legacy-20210211 |website=Drum}}</ref> A shekara ta 2009, Mbele ta lashe lambar yabo ta Golden Horn don 'yar wasan kwaikwayo mafi kyau a cikin sabulu na TV a lambar yabo ta fina-finai da talabijin ta Afirka ta Kudu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=SAFTAs 2009: All The Winners &#124; News &#124; TVSA |url=https://www.tvsa.co.za/user/blogs/viewblogpost.aspx?blogpostid=17299 |website=www.tvsa.co.za}}</ref> Mbele ya zama baƙar fata na farko da aka kira fuskar Dark & Lovely, Lux, da Sun-Silk a Afirka ta Kudu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sonia Mbele's LUX inspired Stories |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EOL487172C4 |via=www.youtube.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Tleane |first=Lebo |date=April 11, 2018 |title=Sonia Sedibe Excited As She Joins The Lux Family Again |url=https://youthvillage.co.za/2018/04/sonia-sedibe-excited-as-she-joins-the-lux-family-again/}}</ref> A cikin 2018, Mbele ta kawo lambar yabo ta farko ta The Real Housewives zuwa Afirka wacce aka fara a Afirka ta Kudu a matsayin Real Housewibes of Johannesburg ta hanyar kamfaninta Sonia Mbele Films, <ref name="auto">{{Cite web |date=April 20, 2022 |title=Sonia Mbele shares the genesis of the 'Real Housewives of Johannesburg' |url=https://yfmghana.com/sonia-mbele-shares-the-genesis-of-the-real-housewives-of-johannesburg/}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://yfmghana.com/sonia-mbele-shares-the-genesis-of-the-real-housewives-of-johannesburg/ "Sonia Mbele shares the genesis of the 'Real Housewives of Johannesburg'"]. 20 April 2022.</cite></ref> sannan a cikin 2021, ta kirkiro wani jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na gaskiya da ake kira Pastor's Wives for HONEY TV. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vilakazi |first=Andile "FineSalt" |date=July 31, 2021 |title=Meet the Pastors Wives on Honey TV |url=https://www.gospelcorneronline.com/meet-the-pastors-wives-on-honey-tv/}}</ref> == Hotunan fina-finai == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara !Taken !Matsayi ! class="unsortable" |Bayani |- |2001 |Mista Bones<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sonia Mbele - Rotten Tomatoes |url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/celebrity/sonia_mbele |website=www.rottentomatoes.com}}</ref> |Thandie | |- |2003 |Allah Ba'amurkiya ne <ref>{{Cite web |title=Netflix Movies Starring Sonia Mbele |url=https://www.netflixmovies.com/s/actor/sonia-mbele |website=www.netflixmovies.com |access-date=2025-04-24 |archive-date=2023-02-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207163431/https://www.netflixmovies.com/s/actor/sonia-mbele |url-status=dead }}</ref> | | |- |2017 |Ganawa da Radebes <ref>{{Cite web |last=Digital |first=Drum |title=PICTURES: How Sonia Mbele is slaying 2017 |url=https://www.news24.com/drum/news/pictures-how-sonia-mbele-is-slaying-2017-20170728 |website=Drum}}</ref> |Sam |Marubucin rubutun, furodusa |- |2019 |Masu Albarka <ref>{{Cite web |date=October 21, 2019 |title=MOVIE OF THE WEEK: 'Blessers' starring Kenneth Nkosi, Sonia Mbele, Connie Chiume & more |url=https://www.yomzansi.com/2019/10/21/movie-of-the-week-blessers-kenneth-nkosi-sonia-mbele/ |website=YOMZANSI. Documenting THE CULTURE}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The Blessers - ACI |url=https://aci-americancinema.com/screener/the-blessers |website=aci-americancinema.com |access-date=2025-04-24 |archive-date=2023-09-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230924013352/https://aci-americancinema.com/screener/the-blessers |url-status=dead }}</ref> |Michelle Zulu | |} === Talabijin === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara !Taken !Matsayi ! class="unsortable" |Bayani |- |1998 |Phamokate | |SABC 2 |- |2001 |Soul City <ref>{{Cite web |title=Soul City Series 5 — Soul City Institute for Social Justice |url=https://www.soulcity.org.za/projects/soul-city-series/soul-city-series-5}}</ref> |Dokta Ayanda Ngubane |Lokaci na 5 da 6 |- |2003-2011 |[[Generations (South African TV series)|Generations (jerin talabijin na Afirka ta Kudu)]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mlauzi |first=Keith |date=December 11, 2020 |title='My ex forced me to do it' Sonia Mbele speaks on leaving Generations |url=https://tellyafrica.com/2020/12/11/my-ex-forced-me-to-do-it-sonia-mbele-speaks-on-leaving-generations/}}</ref> |Ntombi Khumalo <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tleane |first=Lebo |date=November 15, 2021 |title="Y'all Are Really Still Calling Me Ntombi?" Sonia Mbele |url=https://youthvillage.co.za/2021/11/yall-are-really-still-calling-me-ntombi-sonia-mbele/}}</ref> |Lokacin 1 - 13, SABC 1 |- | |Yizo Yizo <ref>{{Cite web |title=Yizo Yizo &#124; Season 1 &#124; TVSA |url=https://www.tvsa.co.za/shows/viewshowseasons.aspx?showId=1861&season=1 |website=www.tvsa.co.za}}</ref> |Yarinyar Zakes |- |2003 |Soul Buddyz |Ayanda |Lokaci na 2 |- |2004 |Zero Tolerance |Rosie |Lokacin 1 |- |2015 |Masu tono zinariya <ref>{{Cite web |last=SA |first=Entertainment |date=October 19, 2015 |title=Welcoming Sonia Sedibe on Gold Diggers |url=https://www.entertainmentsa.co.za/2015/10/19/welcoming-sonia-sedibe-on-gold-diggers/ |access-date=April 24, 2025 |archive-date=February 7, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207171305/https://www.entertainmentsa.co.za/2015/10/19/welcoming-sonia-sedibe-on-gold-diggers/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |Thuli |Lokacin 1 |- |2016 |Yarjejeniyar <ref>{{Cite web |title=EL-born actor makes TV debut on 'The Alliance' |url=https://www.dispatchlive.co.za/news/2016-05-20-el-born-actor-makes-tv-debut-on-the-alliance/ |website=DispatchLIVE}}</ref> |Lydia |Lokacin 1 |- |2016 |Ci gaba da Ci gaba <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sonia Mbele lands lead role in SABC2's 'Keeping Score' |url=http://www.theedgesearch.com/2016/10/sonia-mbele-lands-lead-role-in-sabc2s.html}}</ref> |Mmamosa Letsie |Lokacin 1 |- |2016 |Haɗuwa & Sha'awa <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nkosi |first=Joseph |date=January 25, 2023 |title=Greed and Desire Cast & Crew - The Nation |url=https://thenation.co.za/cast/greed-and-desire-cast-crew/ |access-date=April 24, 2025 |archive-date=February 7, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207172752/https://thenation.co.za/cast/greed-and-desire-cast-crew/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |Talebi |Lokacin 1 |- |2017 |Sabulu a kan igiya |Tuki Ramphele |Lokacin 1 |- |2017 |Lamba mai lamba <ref>{{Cite web |title=Showmax |url=https://www.showmax.com/v1.0/default/eng |website=www.showmax.com}}</ref> |Philane |Lokacin 1 |- |2018 |Mai yaudara <ref>{{Cite web |title=the-Imposter |url=https://www.seriti.tv/television/the-imposter/ |access-date=2025-04-24 |archive-date=2025-03-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250320043608/https://www.seriti.tv/television/the-imposter/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |Babban Daddy |Lokaci na 2 |- |2020 |Asirin Iyali <ref>{{Cite web |last=Carter |first=Logan |date=September 9, 2020 |title=Trouble At, Family Secrets As Actors Sonia Mbele, Menzi Ngubane And Others Go Unpaid. |url=https://www.sarichandfamous.com/2020/09/09/trouble-at-family-secrets-as-actors-sonia-mbele-menzi-ngubane-and-others-go-unpaid/ }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> |Cleopatra Mokwena |Lokacin 1 |- |2021 |DiepCity <ref>{{Cite web |last=Selisho |first=Kaunda |date=July 20, 2021 |title=All about Sonia Mbele's spicy new DiepCity role |url=https://www.citizen.co.za/entertainment/tv/sonia-mbele-joins-diepcity-cast/ |website=The Citizen}}</ref> |Zola |Lokacin 1 |- |2022 |Blood &amp;amp; Water (jerin talabijin na Afirka ta Kudu) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Naidoo |first=Alicia |date=November 21, 2022 |title='Blood & Water' season three 'villain': Q&A with Sonia Mbele |url=https://www.thesouthafrican.com/culture/entertainment/blood-water-season-three-villain-qa-with-sonia-mbele-21-november-2022/ |website=The South African}}</ref> |Lisbeth Molapo |Lokaci na 3 |} == Haɗin waje == * {{IMDb name|1573606}} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1976]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] pyogrszoehy8y785a8bre0sk929s9xy 0 99399 829799 746840 2026-05-05T03:33:00Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829799 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Shehu Buba Umar''' (an haife shi a ranar 2 ga watan Oktoban shekarar 1976) <ref>{{Cite web |title=10th National Assembly Members - Voter - Validating the Office of the Electorate on Representation |url=https://orderpaper.ng/voter/10th-national-assembly-member?id=UMAR-SHEHU-BUBA-130 |access-date=2023-12-25 |website=orderpaper.ng }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ɗan siyasan [[Najeriya]] ne kuma sanata wanda ke wakiltar mazaɓar [[Bauchi (birni)|Bauchi]] ta Kudu a ƙarƙashin jam'iyar All Progressive Congress.<ref>{{Cite web |last=News Desk |date=2023-02-27 |title=APC's Shehu Buba wins Bauchi South Senatorial District seat |url=https://dailynigerian.com/apc-shehu-buba-wins-bauchi/ |access-date=2023-12-25 |website=Daily Nigerian |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Michael |first=Ishola |date=2023-11-26 |title=Bauchi Senator, Shehu Buba, assures constituents of effective, developmental representation |url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/bauchi-senator-shehu-buba-assures-constituents-of-effective-developmental-representation/ |access-date=2023-12-25 |website=Tribune Online |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Tarihi == An haifi Shehu Buba a ranar 2 ga watan Oktoban shekarar 1976 a ƙauyen (Nabordo) na ƙaramar (hukumar toro) ta [[Bauchi (jiha)|Jihar Bauchi]] . Ya halarci makarantar firamare a Newo-Foron, Ƙaramar Hukumar Barikin Ladi ta [[Jihar Plateau]], da makarantun sakandare a Makarantar Sakandare ta Gwamnati Baraya a [[Bauchi (jiha)|Jihar Bauchi]] . Yana da digiri na farko a fannin Ilimi na Matasa daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]], [[Zariya|Zaria]] da digiri na Masters a fannin Rikici na Zaman Lafiya da Gudanar da Ƙaddamarwa daga Jami'an Jos . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-29 |title=Shehu buba umar the senator of high standing 2 |url=https://blueprint.ng/shehu-buba-umar-the-senator-of-high-standing-2/ |access-date=2025-01-29 |website=blueprint.ng |language=en-US}}</ref> == Farkon aiki == Shehu Buba ya fara aikinsa a matsayin malamin aji, ya kasance Babban Mataimaki na Musamman ga tsohon Gwamnan [[Bauchi (jiha)|Jihar Bauchi]] Malam [[Isa Yuguda]] . Ya kasance mai ba da shawara na musamman ga tsohon Mataimakin Shugaban ƙasa [[Atiku Abubakar]] , shi ne Shugaban, Kwamitin warware rikice-rikice na Makiyaya, a Jihar Plateau, sannan kuma Shugaban Kwamitin warware rikice-rikicen Makiyaya ga Gwamnatin Tarayya ta Najeriya. Shi memba ne na Taron Tattalin Arziki na Duniya a Berlin, ƙasar Jamus. Shi ne Babban Darakta, Ci gaban Kasuwanci Aquawave Oil and Gas . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-01-31 |title=umar shehu buba |url=https://www.shineyoureye.org/person/umar-shehu-buba/ |access-date=2023-01-31 |website=shineyoureye.org |language=en-US}}</ref> == Ayyukan Siyasa == Shehu Buba ya lashe zaɓen Sanata na Kudu na Bauchi tare da kuri'u 175,505 ya kayar da Garba Dahiru na Jam'iyyar People Democratic Party wanda ya samu 165,727 kuma Lawal Gumau na NNPP ya samu 3,739. Shehu Buba memba ne na Majalisar Dokoki ta Kasa ta 10. Shi ne Shugaban Kwamitin Tsaro da Lantarki na Ƙasa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-02-11 |title=apc wins bauchi south senatorial district seat |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2023/02/apc-wins-bauchi-south-senatorial-district-seat/amp/ |access-date=2023-02-11 |website=vanguardngr.com |language=en-US}}</ref> == Takardun shaida da Motsi == === Biyu === * Dokar Laifin Cyber (Harkakewa da Rigakafi) Dokar 2015 (Gwamma) Bill. * Dokar Hukumar Tsaro ta Kasa (Gwamma) Bill, 2023. * Hukumar Kula da Asibitin Orthopedic ta Tarayya (Gwamma) Bill, 2024 * Dokar Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Tarayya (Gwamma) Bill, 2023. === Motsi, ayyuka === * Motsi ya koma Gwamnatin Tarayya don samar da kusan bas din CNG 100 zuwa NURTW, NARTO, RTEAN don rage tasirin cire tallafin man fetur da haɓaka damar sufuri na jama'a. * Motsi don kafa makarantar horar da al'ada wacce za ta janyo hankalin sama da biliyan 10 a cikin Zuba Jari na Tarayya a Gundumar Sanata ta Kudu ta Bauchi. == Ayyukan mazaɓar == [[Fayil:BoreholeToro.jpq.jpg|thumb|Ginin 6 Diamita Solar Powered Borehole, Overhead Tank A Kandahar Area Dan Iya Ward, Bauchi State]] Bauchi ta Kudu ta kasancewar al'umma ne kuma ta noma da ke buƙatar ci gaba, Shehu Buba ya tsara tsarin ci gaban "Masterplan of Service" wanda ke mai da hankali kan ƙirƙirar ayyukan yi, tallafin noma, inganta hanyar sadarwa, wutar lantarki ta yankunan karkara da ci gaban al'umma. === Aikin noma === Shehu Buba ya ba da ƙarfin matasa da mata manoma 2000 a duk faɗin yankuna bakwai na ƙaramar hukuma waɗanda suka haɗa da Gundumar Sanata ta Kudu ta Bauchi tare da tsiro mai inganci, taki, tractors da sauran kayan aikin gona don tallafawa lokacin bushe a matsayin wani ɓangare na canjin aikin gona don haɓaka samar da abinci. === Ci gaban Al'umma === Tsakanin Shekarar 2023 da Kuma shekara ta 2025 Shehu Buba ya gina jimlar 500 na ramukan famfo na hannu, tankuna Guda 50 na hasken rana don ƙananan hukumomi bakwai na Gundumar Sanata ta Kudu ta Bauchi. === Kawar da Talauci === [[Fayil:Empowerment_message.jpg|right|thumb|Kyautar injunan sutura, babura, da dai sauransu ga mutanen Bauchi ta Kudu.]] Tare da yunƙurin kawar da talauci daga Jihar Bauchi, Shehu Buba ya ba da gudummawar babura guda 1000, kekuna uku 500 da injunan sutura 1000 ga al'ummomi daban-daban na Gundumar Sanata ta Kudu ta Bauchi. === Gine-gine da Wutar Lantarki === Shehu Buba ya gina hanya sama da kilomita 50 a fadin birane da yankunan karkara na kananan hukumomi bakwai na gundumar sanata. Ya kuma shigar da fiye da 10 transformer da streetlights a fadin kananan hukumomi bakwai na Bauchi South Senatorial District. Shehu Buba ya kuma gina hanyar kilomita 2.5 a garin Zaranda a yankin karamar hukuma na Toro na Jihar Bauchi. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1976]] j6xadqktxungar7a7f90zz1yahls2td 0 100547 829633 787484 2026-05-04T18:08:24Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829633 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sakamako na bauta''' ya shafi tsarin biyan kuɗi [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|na Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] game da take haƙƙin ɗan adam [[Bauta|na bautar da ake yi]] a Amurka da abin da ya gada ga waɗanda aka yi wa [[bauta]] da/ko zuriyarsu. Akwai ra'ayoyi don ramuwa a falsafar shari'a da ramuwa a cikin adalcin tsaka-tsaki. Ana iya ɗaukar fansa da yawa, ciki har da taimako na zahiri da na kuɗi ga zuriyar waɗanda aka bautar, godiya ko ba da uzuri ga mutane ko al'ummomin da bautar ta shafa, ko girmama abubuwan tunawa da mutanen da aka bautar da su ta hanyar sanya wa abubuwa suna. “Waɗanda aka yi wa bauta” na iya nufin bautar da ta gabata ko kuma bautar da ke gudana a ƙarni na 21. Kamar yadda Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta ayyana, "rayya" na nufin matakan da gwamnati ke ɗauka na gyara take hakkin ɗan Adam ta hanyar samar da fa'idodi da dama na abubuwan amfani ga waɗanda abin ya shafa ko iyalansu da kuma al'ummomin da abin ya shafa da al'umma baki ɗaya. Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya [https://www.ohchr.org/en/transitional-justice/reparations ta sanya sunayen] waɗannan abubuwan da ake buƙata don wani abu don cancanta a matsayin ramawa: ramawa, diyya, gyarawa da gamsuwa. Wasu ramuwar gayya na bauta sun samo asali ne tun a ƙarni na 18 a [[Amurka ta Arewa|Arewacin Amurka]], amma tushen irin waɗannan ayyuka ya taru a ƙarni na 21, inda gwamnatoci da daidaikun mutane a Burtaniya, Amurka, da turawan mulkin mallaka suka ɗauki matakai daban-daban. ==Kudurin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya== Kudurin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na Gaba daya lamba 60/147 yana nuni da matakan gyara take hakkin dan Adam ciki har da dawo da abinda aka rasa da kuma diyya.<ref name="e910">{{cite web | title=Reparations | website=OHCHR | date=15 December 2020 | url=https://www.ohchr.org/en/transitional-justice/reparations | access-date=31 May 2025}}</ref> == Nau'uka == Rarraba na iya ɗaukar nau'i-nau'i masu yawa, ciki har da matakai masu amfani kamar aikin tabbatarwa; biyan kuɗi na mutum ɗaya; ƙauyuka; tallafin karatu da sauran tsare-tsaren ilimi; tsare-tsaren tsare-tsare don magance rashin adalci; ko kuma diyya ta ƙasa mai alaƙa da 'yancin kai. Sauran nau’o’in ramako sun haɗa da uzuri da amincewa da zalunci; <ref name="UMass Reparations Article">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Allen |date=May 11, 2020 |title=An Historical Timeline of Reparations Payments Made From 1783 through 2020 by the United States Government, States, Cities, Religious Institutions, Colleges and Universities, and Corporations |url=https://guides.library.umass.edu/reparations |access-date=July 12, 2020 |publisher=University of Massachusetts Amherst}}</ref> kawar da abubuwan tarihi da kuma canza sunan titunan da ke girmama bayi da masu kare bayi; ko sanya wa gini sunan wanda aka bautar ko kuma wani mai alaka da rushewa. <ref name="Black Asheville Demands">{{Cite web |date=June 26, 2020 |title=Reparations Section |url=https://www.blackavldemands.org/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200615185752/https://www.blackavldemands.org/ |archive-date=15 June 2020 |access-date=July 12, 2020 |website=Black Asheville Demands (BAD)}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kepley-Steward |first=Kristy |last2=Santostasi |first2=Stephanie |date=July 10, 2020 |title=Confederate monuments in downtown Asheville removed or covered |url=https://wlos.com/news/local/vance-monument-robert-e-lee-confederate-monuments-downtown-asheville-removed-covered |access-date=July 12, 2020 |website=wlos.com}}</ref> Shugabannin ƙungiyoyin ramuwa na Amurka [https://liberationventures.b-cdn.net/A%20Dream%20in%20Our%20Name.pdf sun ɓullo da] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250118070351/https://liberationventures.b-cdn.net/A%20Dream%20in%20Our%20Name.pdf |date=2025-01-18 }} tsarin gyaran launin fata masu zuwa don rarraba sassan ramuwa don bauta: 1. Hisabi: Fahimtar ko kokawa da menene, wanene, ta yaya, da dalilin ayyukan da suka haifar da cutarwa. 2. Amincewa: Shigar da jama'a cewa an yi ɓarna 3. Ladabi: Mallaka da sadaukar da kai don ɗaukar mataki, dakatarwa da gyara lahani. 4. Gyara: Ayyukan ramawa, diyya na kuɗi, da gyarawa, matakan da aka ɗauka don shigar da adalcin launin fata a cikin tsarin da "warkar da rauni" Gabaɗaya ba a kirga taimakon raya ƙasa azaman ramawar ba. <ref name="u881">{{Cite journal |last=Andrews |first=Kehinde |year=2024 |title=The Knife is Still in Our Backs: Reparations Washing and the Limits of Reparatory Justice Campaigns |journal=Development and Change |publisher=Wiley |volume=55 |issue=4 |pages=628–650 |doi=10.1111/dech.12848 |issn=0012-155X |doi-access=free}}</ref> ==Ta yankin da aka yi ta== ===Netherlands=== A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2022, firaministan Netherlands, Mark Rutte, ya nemi afuwa a madadin Gwamnatin Dutch saboda rawar da ta taka a bautar a wani taron da aka yi a National Archives a The Hague, inda akwai wakilan kungiyoyi daban-daban. Gwamnatin ta kuma yi alkawarin bayar da Yuro miliyan 200 don "wayar da kan jama'a, haɓaka haɗin kai da magance tasirin bautar a yau," kuma tana shirin yin bikin tunawa da tarihin bautar a ranar 1 ga Yuli 2023, tare da ƙasashen Dutch Caribbean, Suriname, da sauran ƙasashe.<ref>{{cite web | title=Government apologises for the Netherlands' role in the history of slavery | website=Government of the Netherlands | date=19 December 2022 | url=https://www.government.nl/latest/news/2022/12/19/government-apologises-for-the-netherlands-role-in-the-history-of-slavery | access-date=12 May 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Mission Statement | website=Heirs of Slavery | url=https://www.heirsofslavery.org/mission-statement | access-date=12 May 2023 | archive-date=12 May 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230512012006/https://www.heirsofslavery.org/mission-statement | url-status=dead }}</ref> ====Ramuwar Gayya Ga Maigidan Bayi (1837)==== Dokar Slave Compensation Act 1837 ta kasance doka daga Majalisar Dokoki ta Birtaniya, wadda aka sanya hannu a kanta a ranar 23 ga Disamba 1837, domin kawo ‘yanci tare da biyan diyya. <ref>{{cite web | title=1837: 1 Victoria c.3: Slavery Compensation Act | via=The Statutes Project | date=1837| publisher= British Government | url=https://statutes.org.uk/site/the-statutes/nineteenth-century/1837-1-victoria-c-3-slavery-compensation-act/ | access-date=5 January 2023}}</ref> Maigidan bayi sun karbi kimanin £20 miliyan a matsayin diyya a cikin fiye da kyaututtuka 40,000 don bayi da aka 'yanta a yankunan mulkin mallakar Caribbean, Mauritius da Cape of Good Hope. <ref>{{cite book|title =BBC History magazine| publisher=Bristol Magazines Ltd| issn=1469-8552|date=June 2010}}</ref> Wannan adadi ya kai kusan kashi 40 cikin 100 na kasafin kudin shekara na Baitul Mal na Birtaniya, kuma an kiyasta cewa yana daidai da kimanin £16.5bn a cikin kuɗin yau. <ref name=naarc/> Wasu daga cikin kudaden an maida su 3.5% na kudaden fansho na gwamnati, wanda ya sa aikin ya dauki lokaci mai tsawo. <ref>{{cite web | last=Brown | first=Matthew | title=Fact check: United Kingdom finished paying off debts to slave-owning families in 2015 | website=USA TODAY | date=30 June 2020 | url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/factcheck/2020/06/30/fact-check-u-k-paid-off-debts-slave-owning-families-2015/3283908001/ | access-date=5 January 2023}}</ref> Dokar, wadda aka sani da 1 and 2 Vict. 3, ta kasance babbar dokar duniya da ta tabbatar da ‘yancin bayi ta hanyar biyan diyya. Ta baiwa Kwamishinonin Rage Bashin Ƙasa damar tara £20 miliyan ta hanyar fitar da hannun jari na gwamnati, hanyar ɗaukar bashi da aka ɗora akan kudaden haraji na gaba domin biya maigidan bayi diyya kan "asarar dukiyarsu."{{cn|date=July 2025}} ===Birtaniya=== A shekarun 2010, misalan diyya na ƙasashen duniya don bautar sun ƙunshi amincewa da rashin adalci na bauta da kuma neman afuwa game da hannu amma ba a ba da diyya ta kayan abu ba.<ref>{{cite journal |url=https://journals.openedition.org/etudesafricaines/4543?lang=en |title=Reparations to Africa and the Group of Eminent Persons |date=2004 |first=Rhoda E. |last=Howard-Hassmann | author-link = Rhoda E. Howard-Hassmann |journal=Cahiers d'Études africaines |volume=44 |issue=173–174 |pages=81–97 |doi=10.4000/etudesafricaines.4543 |s2cid=145746084 |access-date=July 20, 2020 |quote=...a French law of 2001 that recognizes the trans-Atlantic slave trade as a crime against humanity, and the admission by the Belgians in 2002 of their role in the murder of Patrice Lumumba, first President of independent Congo.|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name="Blair apology">{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/6185176.stm |title=Blair 'sorrow' over slave trade {{!}} Prime Minister Tony Blair has said he feels 'deep sorrow' for Britain's role in the slave trade|publisher=BBC News|date=27 November 2006|access-date=15 March 2007}}</ref> A watan Yuni na 2023, ƙungiyar Brattle Group ta gabatar da rahoto a wani taron a Jami'ar West Indies inda aka kiyasta diyyar da za a bi, don lahani a lokacin da kuma bayan zamanin bautar transatlantic fiye da dala tiriliyan 100.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Mahon |first=Leah |date=August 2023 |title=£18 trillion – what Britain owes in reparations. Time to pay up |pages=6–7|url=https://www.voice-online.co.uk/news/features-news/2023/07/28/18-trillion-what-britain-owes-in-reparations-time-to-pay-up/ |newspaper=The Voice}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Brown |first=Kim |date=2023-07-10 |title=Brattle Consultants Quantify Reparations for Transatlantic Chattel Slavery in Pro Bono Paper |url=https://www.brattle.com/insights-events/publications/brattle-consultants-quantify-reparations-for-transatlantic-chattel-slavery-in-pro-bono-paper/ |access-date=2023-08-03 |website=Brattle |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Oktoba na 2023, an gudanar da taron diyya na UK kuma aka ba da sanarwar haɗin gwiwa cewa dole ne a "bi da cimma" cikakken adalci na diyya.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.appg-ar.org/uk-reparations-conference-2023-statement|title=UK Reparations Conference 2023 Statement|publisher=All-Party Parliamentary Group (APPG) for Afrikan Reparations|access-date=2024-05-22}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Holloway |first=Lester |date=November 2023 |title=Reparations on the agenda |pages=8 |work=The Voice}}</ref> ====Diyyar masu bauta (1837)==== Dokar Diyyar Bauta ta 1837 wata doka ce ta Majalisa a Burtaniya, wacce aka sanya hannu a kanta a ranar 23 ga Disamba 1837, don kawo 'yantar da bayi tare diyya.<ref>{{cite web | title=1837: 1 Victoria c.3: Slavery Compensation Act | via=The Statutes Project | date=1837| publisher= British Government | url=https://statutes.org.uk/site/the-statutes/nineteenth-century/1837-1-victoria-c-3-slavery-compensation-act/ | access-date=5 January 2023}}</ref> An bi masu bayi kusan fam miliyan 20 a matsayin diyya a cikin kyaututtuka sama da 40,000 don bayi da aka 'yantar a yankunan Caribbean, Mauritius da Cape of Good Hope.<ref>{{cite book|title =BBC History magazine| publisher=Bristol Magazines Ltd| issn=1469-8552|date=June 2010}}</ref> Wannan yana wakiltar kusan kashi 40 cikin 100 na kasafin kuɗin shekara na Baitul Mal na Burtaniya kuma an ƙididdige shi daidai da fam biliyan 16.5 a yau.<ref name=naarc/> An canza wasu daga cikin biyan kuɗin zuwa cikin kuɗin gwamnati na kashi 3.5, wanda ya haifar da tsawaita lokaci.<ref>{{cite web | last=Brown | first=Matthew | title=Fact check: United Kingdom finished paying off debts to slave-owning families in 2015 | website=USA TODAY | date=30 June 2020 | url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/factcheck/2020/06/30/fact-check-u-k-paid-off-debts-slave-owning-families-2015/3283908001/ | access-date=5 January 2023}}</ref> ====Sanarwar Abuja da ARM (1993)==== {{anchor|Africa Reparations Movement}} Ƙungiyar Africa Reparations Movement, wacce aka fi sani da ARM (UK), an kafa ta a shekara ta 1993 bayan sanarwar [[Abuja]] da aka bayyana a taron farko na Pan-African Conference on Reparations a Abuja, Najeriya, a wannan shekarar. Taron ne kungiyar Organisation of African Unity (OAU) da gwamnatin Najeriya suka kira.<ref name=cr>{{cite web | title=African Union - Colonialism | website=Colonialism Reparation | url=https://www.colonialismreparation.org/en/compensations/african-union-colonialism.html | access-date=12 May 2023 | archive-date=12 May 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230512081636/https://www.colonialismreparation.org/en/compensations/african-union-colonialism.html | url-status=dead }}</ref> A farkon shekara ta 1993, dan majalisar Burtaniya Bernie Grant ya zagaya kasar yana magana game da bukatar a biya diyya ga bautar.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://berniegrantarchive.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Reparations-or-Bust-Speech.pdf| first= Bernie| last=Grant| title= Reparations or Bust!| publisher= Africa Reparations Movement (UK) | series= Information Sheet No. 3| quote=...edited version of a speech he gave in Birmingham on 12th April...| pages=1–10}}</ref> A ranar 10 ga Mayu 1993, ya gabatar da kuduri a majalisar House of Commons na Burtaniya cewa majalisa ta amince da sanarwar kuma ta amince da cewa sanarwar "ta yi kira ga al'ummar duniya da su amince da cewa har yanzu ba a biya bashin da ba a taba yi wa al'ummar Afirka ba, kuma ta bukaci duk kasashen da suka wadatar da bautar da mulkin mallaka da su duba batun biyan diyya ga Afirka da Afirka a cikin Diaspora; ta kuma amince da ci gaba da illolin tattalin arziki da na sirri na cin zarafin Afirka da Afirka a cikin Diaspora da kuma wariyar launin fata da ta haifar; kuma ta goyi bayan OAU yayin da take kara himma wajen bin sawun biyan diyya." Kudurin ya samu goyon bayan Bernie Grant, Tony Benn, Tony Banks, John Austin-Walker, Harry Barnes, da Gerry Bermingham. Wasu 'yan majalisar Labour Party 46 suka sanya hannu don goyon bayan kudurin, ciki har da shugaban adawa na gaba, Jeremy Corbyn.<ref>{{Cite web|date=10 May 1993|title=Abuja Proclamation – Early Day Motions|url=https://edm.parliament.uk/early-day-motion/5521/abuja-proclamation|access-date=2020-07-09|website=edm.parliament.uk|publisher=UK Parliament}}</ref> Sanarwar Abuja ta yi kira da a kafa kwamitocin biyan diyya a ko'ina cikin Afirka da kuma Diaspora. Bernie Grant ya kafa ARM UK a watan Disamba 1993<ref name=hub>{{cite web | title=Africa Reparations Movement (UK) | website=Archives Hub | url=https://archiveshub.jisc.ac.uk/search/archives/e592d7bc-9dd7-3c28-8a10-49f56aadecab | access-date=12 May 2023}}</ref> a matsayin wanda ya kafa tare da shugabanta, tare da babban rukuni da suka hada da: sakatare Sam Walker; mai kula da kudi Linda Bellos da amintattu Patrick Wilmott, Stephen A. Small (malamin Burtaniya wanda ya kware a fannin bautar<ref>{{cite web | title=Stephen A. Small | website=African American Studies | url=https://africam.berkeley.edu/people/stephen-a-small/ | access-date=12 May 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Professor Stephen Small | website=National Museums Liverpool | date=25 August 2020 | url=https://www.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk/slavery-remembrance-day/professor-stephen-small | access-date=12 May 2023}}</ref>), da Hugh Oxley.<ref name=hub/> Manufar ARM ita ce:<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/6a140a54-662a-44cf-b533-4e8146898d7b |title=African Reparations Movement records 1963 – 2000| quote= This record is held by the Bishopsgate Institute.|publisher=The National Archives|language=en}}</ref> * yin amfani da duk hanyoyin halatta don samun diyya ga bautar da mulkin mallaka na mutanen Afirka a Afirka da kuma a cikin Diaspora * yin amfani da duk hanyoyin halatta don dawo da kayayyakin tarihin Afirka daga ko'ina a halin yanzu * neman afuwa daga gwamnatocin yammacin duniya game da bautar da mulkin mallaka na mutanen Afirka * yin kamfe don amincewa da gudunmawar da mutanen Afirka suka bayar ga tarihin duniya da wayewa * yin kamfe don bayyana tarihin Afirka daidai don maido da mutunci da girman kai ga mutanen Afirka * ilimantarwa da wayar da kan matasan Afirka, a nahiyar da kuma a cikin Diaspora, game da manyan al'adun Afirka, harsuna da wayewa Bayan mutuwar Bernie Grant a shekara ta 2000, ARM UK ta daina aiki.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Stanford-Xosei|first=Esther|title=Black British History : New Perspectives|publisher=Zed|editor-link= Hakim Adi|isbn=978-1786994257|editor-last=Adi|editor-first=Hakim| location=London |pages=176–198| chapter=The Long Road of Pan-African Liberation to Reparatory Justice|date=March 2019}}</ref> ====Class action (2004)==== A shekarar 2004, lauya mai rikitarwa na diyya Ed Fagan ya kaddamar da karar hadin gwiwa kan kasuwar inshora Lloyd's of London dangane da rawar da suka taka wurin inshorar jiragen bayi da suka shiga cikin cinikin bayi na ƙetaren teku.<ref>{{Cite journal|year=2004|title=’Ya’yan bayi sun shigar da karar dala biliyan 1 kan kamfanonin da ake zargi da alaƙa da cinikin bayi|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CL4DAAAAMBAJ&q=lloyds+of+london+genocide&pg=PA36|journal=Jet|volume=150|issue=17|pages=36–37}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/money/2004/mar/28/insurance.usnews|title=’Ya’yan bayi sun shigar da kara da Lloyd's|last=Walsh|first=Conal|date=27 March 2004|work=The Guardian|access-date=2017-03-14|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref><ref>"[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/low/uk/3578863.stm ’Ya’yan bayi za su shigar da kara da Lloyd's]". BBC News, 29 March 2004. An dawo da shi 15 October 2009.</ref> An kasa samun nasarar wannan kara.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/6422721.stm|title= Lissafin kudin da cinikin bayi ya haifar|last=Stamp|first=Gavin|date=20 March 2007|website=BBC News news.bbc.co.uk|access-date=2017-03-14}}</ref> ====Neman gafara==== A ranar 27 ga Nuwamba 2006, Firayim Ministan Birtaniya [[Tony Blair]] ya fitar da bayani yana nuna "baƙin ciki mai zurfi" dangane da rawar Birtaniya a cikin cinikin bayi, yana cewa abin "kunya ne matuka". Masu fafutukar neman diyya a Birtaniya sun soki wannan jawabi, inda Esther Stanford ta ce Blair ya kamata ya bayar da "gafara mai ma'ana", wadda za a bi da "matakan diyya daban-daban da suka haɗa da biyan diyya".<ref name="Blair apology" /> Blair ya sake fitar da wata gafara a 2007 bayan ganawa da Shugaban Ghana [[John Kufuor]].<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/6451793.stm "Blair ‘sorry’ kan rawar Birtaniya a cinikin bayi"]. BBC News, 14 March 2007. An samu dama 15 March 2007.</ref> A ranar 24 ga Agusta 2007, tsohon Magajin Garin London Ken Livingstone ya bayar da gafara a bainar jama’a dangane da rawar London a cinikin bayi na ƙetaren teku a yayin bikin cika shekaru 200 da kafa dokar hana cinikin bayi ta 1807. A cikin jawabin, Livingstone ya bukaci Gwamnatin Birtaniya ta kafa dokar da za ta samar da ranar tunawa da bayi a duk faɗin ƙasar UK.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2007/aug/24/london.humanrights|title=Livingstone ya yi kuka yayin da yake neman gafara kan bayi|date=24 August 2007|newspaper=The Guardian|last1=Muir|first1=Hugh|access-date=30 July 2014}}</ref> Blair ya sake bayar da gafara a 2007 bayan ganawa da Shugaban Ghana John Kufuor a yayin bikin cika shekaru 50 na samun ‘yancin Ghana. Duk da cewa ya kara bayyana baƙin ciki da kira cinikin bayi na ƙetaren teku “tabo ne a tarihi”, masu sukar ra’ayi sun yi amannar cewa ya kasa bayyana rawar Birtaniya da nauyin da ya rataya a kanta. Masu fafutuka na diyya sun ce irin wannan jawabi, duk da yana da ma’ana ta alama, bai kai ga tabbatar da adalci mai ma'ana ko haifar da sauyin dokar da za a jingina da shi.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2007-08-09 |title=’Yan Afrika suna bikin kawar da cinikin bayi |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/world/africans-mark-abolition-of-slave-trade-idUSZWE635279/ |access-date=2025-07-04 |work=Reuters |language=en-GB}}</ref> ====Magadan Bautar Daƙiƙa==== A watan Fabrairu 2023, tsohuwar ma’aikaciyar jarida ta BBC Laura Trevelyan, wadda danginta ke da gonakin runbun a Grenada, ta je Grenada don bayar da uzuri bisa cutar da suka jawo tare da bayar da diyya. Danginta sun nemi gafara daga ƙasar Grenada bisa illar bautar da suka yi, kuma ƙungiyar ta buƙaci Firayim Ministan Birtaniya da Sarki Charles su bayar da uzuri na hukuma a madadin Birtaniya. <ref name=baker2023>{{cite web | last=Baker | first=Nick | title=Wadannan 'magadan bautar daƙiƙa' na Birtaniya suna ƙoƙarin biyan diyya bisa laifukan da suka gabata | website=ABC News (Australia)| date=11 Mayu 2023 | url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2023-05-11/british-heirs-of-slavery-reparations-caribbean/102308216 | access-date=11 Mayu 2023}}</ref> A watan Afrilu 2023, ta kafa ƙungiyar Magadan Bautar Daƙiƙa tare da wasu, wadda ke ƙunshe da zuriyar waɗanda suka amfana daga bautar daƙiƙa ta Birtaniya, suna kuma son gyara tarihi. Dangin Trevelyan sun bada gudunmawa ta kuɗi don shirye-shiryen ilimi a Grenada ta hannun CARICOM, kuma suna fatan cewa ƙungiyar Magadan Bautar Daƙiƙa za ta kawo irin waɗannan ayyuka a babban mataki. sauran mambobin ƙungiyar sun haɗa da David Lascelles, na 8 Earl na Harewood; Charles Gladstone, zuriyar Firayim Minista William Gladstone; jarumi Alex Renton; <ref name=baker2023/> Richard Atkinson; John Dower (na dangin Trevelyan); Rosemary Harrison; da Robin Wedderburn. <ref>{{cite web | title=Game Da Mu | website=Magadan Bautar Daƙiƙa | date=26 Afrilu 2023 | url=https://www.heirsofslavery.org/members | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230503095309/https://www.heirsofslavery.org/members | archive-date=3 Mayu 2023 | url-status=live | access-date=12 Mayu 2023}}</ref> === Amurka === Bautar daular ta ƙare a Amurka a shekarar 1865 tare da ƙarshen Yaƙin Basasa na Amurka da kuma tabbatar da Gyara ta Goma Sha Uku ga Kundin Tsarin Mulkin Amurka, wadda ta bayyana cewa “Ba bautar daular ko aiki da tilas ba za su kasance ba a cikin Amurka, ko a wani wuri da ke ƙarƙashin ikon ta, sai dai a matsayin hukunci ga laifi da aka tabbatar da shi ta hanyar kotu.”<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/United_States_of_America_1992|title=United States of America 1789 (rev. 1992)| website=Constitute Project}}</ref> A wancan lokacin, an kiyasta cewa kimanin miliyan huɗu na Baƙar fata (Afirka-Amurkawa) ne aka ‘yantar.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=King|first=Wilma|year=2004|title=Slavery, United States|url=http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=GVRL&id=GALE%7CCX3402800373&v=2.1&it=r&sid=summon&authCount=1|journal=Encyclopedia of Children and Childhood: In History and Society|volume=3|pages=757–758}}</ref> Akwai wasu lokuta na biyan diyya saboda bautar daular da suka faro tun daga 1783 a Arewacin Amurka,<ref name="UMass Reparations Article" /> tare da ƙaruwa cikin misalan zamani na biyan diyya a Amurka a shekarar 2020, yayinda kira na neman diyya ya ƙaru saboda zanga-zangar rashin adalci daga jami’an tsaro da kuma matsalolin wariyar launin fata da ke ci gaba da faruwa a Amurka.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/jun/20/joe-biden-reparations-slavery-george-floyd-protests |first=Lauren |last=Gambino|title=Calls for reparations are growing louder. How is the US responding? |newspaper=The Guardian |date=June 20, 2020}}</ref> Ana kuma kiraye-kirayen biyan diyya ga wariyar launin fata a lokaci guda da na bautar daular.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/reparations-for-slavery-arent-enough-official-racism-lasted-much-longer/2019/06/21/2c0ecbe8-9397-11e9-aadb-74e6b2b46f6a_story.html |title=Reparations for slavery aren't enough. Official racism lasted much longer. |first=Cheryll |last=Cashin |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=June 21, 2019 }}</ref><ref name="Black Asheville Demands" /> ==== Goyon baya da adawa ==== A cikin siyasa, an gabatar da kudurin doka a matakin ƙasa mai suna "Dokar Ƙirƙirar Kwamitin Bincike na Biyan Diyya ga 'Yan Afirka-Amurka", wanda tsohon wakili John Conyers Jr. (D-MI) ya gabatar a Majalisar Dokoki ta Amurka duk shekara daga 1989 har zuwa murabus dinsa a 2017.<ref name=":0">Conyers, John (3 October 2013). [http://ibw21.org/commentary/my-reparations-bill-hr-40/ "My Reparations Bill – HR 40"], ''IBW21'' (Institute of the Black World).</ref> Kamar yadda sunan ya nuna, kudurin ya bukaci a ƙirƙiri kwamitin bincike da zai duba “tasirin bautar daular a rayuwar zamantakewa, siyasa da tattalin arzikin ƙasa.”<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/house-bill/40/all-info|title=All Bill Information for H.R.40 – Commission to Study Reparation Proposals for African-Americans Act|last=114th Congress|date=2016|website=Congress.Gov}}</ref> Duk da haka, akwai wasu birane da cibiyoyi da suka fara aiwatar da biyan diyya a Amurka (duba sashen Legislation and other actions). A 1999, lauya kuma mai fafutukar kare hakkin Baƙar fata Randall Robinson, wanda ya kafa ƙungiyar TransAfrica, ya rubuta cewa tarihin tashin hankali, kisan gillar, da wariyar launin fata a Amurka sun janyo asarar dala tiriliyan 1.4 ga Baƙar fata.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Robinson|first=Randall|year=1999|title=He Drove the First U.S Stake in South African Apartheid|journal=Journal of Blacks in Higher Education|volume=24|pages=58}}</ref> Masanin tattalin arziki Robert Browne ya bayyana cewa, babban burin biyan diyya shi ne “mayar da al’ummar Baƙar fata zuwa matsayin tattalin arziki da za su kasance da shi in ba su fuskanci bautar daular da wariyar launin fata ba.”<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|date=2000-01-01|title=Six White Congressmen Endorse Reparations for Slavery|jstor=2678973|journal=The Journal of Blacks in Higher Education|issue=27|pages=20–21|doi=10.2307/2678973}}</ref> Ya kiyasta adadin diyya da ya dace tsakanin dala tiriliyan 1.4 zuwa 4.7, ko kusan dala 142,000 ga kowane Baƙar fata da ke raye a yau.<ref name=":1" /> Wasu kiyasi sun kai daga dala tiriliyan 5.7 zuwa 14.2<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Craemer |first1=Thomas |title=Estimating Slavery Reparations: Present Value Comparisons of Historical Multigenerational Reparations Policies |journal=Social Science Quarterly |date=21 April 2015 |volume=96 |issue=2 |pages=639–655 |doi=10.1111/ssqu.12151 }}</ref> har zuwa dala tiriliyan 17.1.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Myers |first1=Kristin |title=Slavery reparations could carry a $17 trillion price tag |url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/40-acres-and-a-mule-reparations-in-2019-190018747.html |website=Yahoo |publisher=Yahoo Finance|date=27 June 2019}}</ref> Adawa da biyan diyya na nuna a cikin jama’a gaba ɗaya. A wata bincike da aka gudanar da YouGov a 2014, kashi 37% na Amurkawa ne kawai suka yarda cewa ya kamata a ba waɗanda aka bautar da su diyya a kuɗi bayan ‘yantar da su. Ƙari akan haka, kashi 15% ne kawai suka yarda da biyan kuɗi ga zuriyar waɗanda aka bautar da su. Binciken ya nuna bambanci tsakanin farin fata da Baƙar fata. Kamar yadda ya bayyana: “Kashi 6% na farin fata ne kawai ke goyon bayan biyan kuɗi ga zuriyar bayi, yayin da 59% na Baƙar fata ke goyon baya. Haka nan, 19% na farin fata – da 63% na Baƙar fata – ke goyon bayan shirye-shiryen musamman na ilimi da koyon aiki ga zuriyar bayi.”<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://today.yougov.com/topics/politics/articles-reports/2014/06/02/reparations|title=Overwhelming opposition to reparations for slavery and Jim Crow|first=Peter|last=Moore|date=2 June 2014}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A 2014, ɗan jaridar Amurka Ta-Nehisi Coates ya wallafa wani labari mai taken "The Case for Reparations", wanda ya bayyana ci gaba da illolin bautar daular da dokokin Jim Crow tare da sabunta buƙatar biyan diyya. Coates ya ambaci kudurin H.R.40 na John Conyers Jr., yana nuna cewa gazawar Majalisa wajen amincewa da shi na nuna rashin niyyarsu ta gyara kura-kurensu na baya.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2014/06/the-case-for-reparations/361631/|title=The Case for Reparations|last=Coates|first=Ta-Nehisi|date=June 2014|work=The Atlantic}}</ref> A martani, ɗan jaridar ra’ayin mazan jiya Kevin D. Williamson ya rubuta labarin "The Case Against Reparations", inda ya ce: “Mutanen da ake bin diyya sun riga sun mutu.”<ref name=":3">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nationalreview.com/2014/05/case-against-reparations-kevin-d-williamson/|title=The Case Against Reparations|last=Williamson|first=Kevin D.|date=May 24, 2014|work=National Review}}</ref> A watan Satumba 2016, Kwamitin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na Kwararru kan Mutanen Asalin Afirka ya ƙarfafa Majalisar Dokoki ta Amurka da ta amince da H.R.40 domin nazari kan shawarwarin diyya. Duk da haka, kwamitin bai bayar da goyon baya kai tsaye ga kowanne tsarin diyya ba. Rahoton ya bayyana cewa har yanzu akwai ragowar wariyar launin fata a Amurka, yana cewa “Duk da sauye-sauyen da aka samu tun bayan ƙarshen dokokin Jim Crow da gwagwarmayar kare hakkin ‘yan adam, ra’ayoyin nuna fifikon rukuni ɗaya na ci gaba da cutar da hakkin zamantakewa, siyasa, tattalin arziki, al’adu da na ɗan Adam na Baƙar fata a yau.” Rahoton ya jaddada cewa “akidar wariyar launin fata ta hana haɗin kai a cikin jama’ar Amurka.”<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ushrnetwork.org/sites/ushrnetwork.org/files/unwgepad_us_visit_final_report_9_15_16.pdf|title=Report of the Working Group of Experts on People of African Descent on its mission to the United States of America|date=August 18, 2016|access-date=July 21, 2025|archive-date=January 17, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180117075452/http://www.ushrnetwork.org/sites/ushrnetwork.org/files/unwgepad_us_visit_final_report_9_15_16.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> Batun biyan diyya ya sake samun kulawa a shekarar 2020<ref>{{cite web |url=https://news.trust.org/item/20200624170052-dt00z/ |title=Calls for reparations gain steam as U.S. reckons with racial injustice |first1=Nellie |last1=Peyton |first2=Christine |last2=Murray |date=June 24, 2020}}</ref> yayinda gungun Black Lives Matter suka sanya diyya cikin muhimman manufofinsu a Amurka. A 2020, mawaki T.I. ya bayyana goyon bayansa ga biyan diyya inda ya nemi a bai wa kowanne ɗan Afirka-Amurka dala miliyan 1, yana mai cewa bautar daular ce ta haifar da yawaitar ɗaurin kurkuku, talauci, da sauran matsaloli.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://pulptastic.com/rapper-t-i-demands-44-trillion-in-slavery-reparations/|title=Rapper T.I. Demands $44 Trillion in Slavery Reparations|date=July 24, 2020|website=Pulptastic}}</ref> === Caribbean === Daga mahangar dokar kasa da kasa, akwai tambaya ko bautar da mutane, kisan kare dangi, da sauran laifukan cin zarafin bil’adama sun kasance haramun a lokacin da aka aikata su a yankin Caribbean; misali, "Ko da yake alamun aikata kisan kare dangi sun bayyana tun zamanin da, haramta shi a dokar kasa da kasa ya zama al’amari ne na farkon karni na 20". Bugu da kari, bisa ga dokokin da aka kafa a matakin kasa da kasa, gwamnati mai maye gurbin wata tsohuwar gwamnati tana da alhakin samar da adalci ta hanyar diyya. A karkashin ka’idar kasa da kasa ta dokar zamani (intertemporal law), ba za a iya amfani da haramtattun dokoki na yanzu akan abubuwan da suka faru a baya ba. Akwai hujja ta shari’a da ke nuni da cewa, akwai keɓancewa daga wannan ka’ida musamman idan ana maganar laifukan cin zarafin bil’adama, domin kasashen Turai da wakilansu ba za su iya tsammanin cewa bautar da mutane za ta kasance doka a nan gaba ba (wanda ake kira da teleological reduction of the principle). Duk da haka, wannan fanni na doka yana da wahala sosai.<ref name=buser2017>{{Cite journal| last=Buser |first=Andreas |date=2017|title=Colonial Injustices and the Law of State Responsibility: The CARICOM Claim to Compensate Slavery and (Native) Genocide|journal=Heidelberg Journal of International Law|pages=91–115| url=https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3050647 |ssrn=3050647}}</ref> ====Kwamitin Diyya na CARICOM ==== Caribbean Community (CARICOM), wanda aka kafa a shekarar 1973, kungiya ce ta kasashen gwamnati da ke hade siyasa da tattalin arziki na kasashe 15 a fadin yankin Caribbean.<ref>{{cite news|last=Ramjeet|first=Oscar|date=2009-04-16|title=CARICOM countries will speak with one voice in meetings with US and Canadian leaders|work=Caribbean Net News|url=https://idsa.in/idsacomments/wither-caricom-prospects-post-brexit_sbmagaraj_110716|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160713154312/http://www.idsa.in/idsacomments/wither-caricom-prospects-post-brexit_sbmagaraj_110716|archive-date=July 13, 2016|url-status=live|access-date=2009-04-16}}</ref> Har zuwa shekarar 1995, CARICOM ta kunshi yankunan da ke magana da Turanci kawai har sai da aka hada Suriname (wanda ke amfani da Dutch) a shekarar 1995; Haiti da wasu kasashen da ba su da Anglophone sun biyo baya.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.landofsixpeoples.com/news304/nc310133.htm|title=Spanish agreed as CARICOM second language|website=www.landofsixpeoples.com|access-date=2020-08-04|archive-date=2021-08-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210818060949/http://www.landofsixpeoples.com/news304/nc310133.htm|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://caricom.org/our-community/who-we-are/|title=Who we are|publisher=Caribbean Community (CARICOM)|access-date=2020-08-04|archive-date=2020-08-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200814200923/https://caricom.org/our-community/who-we-are/|url-status=live}}</ref> A shekarar 2013, a cikin wani jerin jawabai da aka fara a Georgetown, Guyana, domin tunawa da cika shekaru 250 da tawayen bayi na Berbice na 1763, shugaban kwalejin Cave Hill Campus na University of the West Indies, Sir Hilary Beckles ya bukaci kasashen CARICOM su koyi daga matsayar da Yahudawa suka dauka bayan gallazawa da aka musu a Yakin Duniya na Biyu, inda suka kafa asusun diyya ga Yahudawa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/latestnews/UWI-principal-wants-CARICOM-to-seek-reparation-for-slavery|title=UWI principal wants CARICOM to seek reparation for slavery |website= Jamaica Observer|date=February 15, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130215061238/http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/latestnews/UWI-principal-wants-CARICOM-to-seek-reparation-for-slavery|archive-date=2013-02-15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nycaribnews.com/|title=The New York Carib News|website=New York Carib News -}}</ref> Bisa wannan shawara, aka kafa Kwamitin Diyya na CARICOM<ref>{{cite web | title=Homepage | website=Caribbean Reparations Commission | date=10 August 2016 | url=http://caricomreparations.org/ | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190731105907/http://caricomreparations.org/ | archive-date=31 July 2019 | url-status=dead | access-date=4 January 2023}}</ref> a watan Satumba, 2013. A shekarar 2014, kasashe 15 na Caribbean suka bayyana "Shirin Matakai Goma na CARICOM don Adalci ta hanyar Diyya", inda suka nemi diyya daga Turai "...domin ciwon da bautar Atlantic ta haifar".<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/mar/09/caribbean-nations-demand-slavery-reparations|title=Caribbean nations prepare demand for slavery reparations|last=Pilkington|first=Ed|date=March 9, 2014|work=The Guardian}}</ref> Cikin bukatun akwai neman afuwar hukumomi, dawo da 'yan Afirka zuwa kasarsu, shirye-shirye don koya da yada tarihin Afirka, da kafa cibiyoyi don inganta karatu, lafiya, da tunanin zuriyar bayi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.caricom.org/reparations-for-native-genocide-and-slavery|title=Reparations for Native Genocide And Slavery|date=October 13, 2015|website=CARICOM}}</ref> Wakilan kasashen Caribbean sun sha bayyana niyyarsu na kai batun gaban Kotun Duniya ta Shari’a (ICJ).<ref name=buser2017/> Duk da haka, {{as of|January 2023|lc=y}} ba a dauki matakin kai karar Gwamnatin Barbados zuwa shari’ar kasa da kasa ba.<ref name=armitage2023>{{cite web | last=Armitage | first=Rebecca | title=Benedict Cumberbatch's ancestors got rich from slavery in Barbados. Now he could be on the hook for reparations|website=ABC News | publisher= [[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]] | date=4 January 2023 | url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2023-01-04/benedict-cumberbatch-slavery-reparations/101822368 | access-date=4 January 2023}}</ref> ====Antigua da Barbuda==== A shekarar 2011, Antigua da Barbuda sun nemi diyya a gaban Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, inda suka ce "wariya da tashin hankali da aka yi wa mutanen da suka fito daga Afirka ya hana su ci gaba a matsayin kasashe, al’umma, da kuma mutane." <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=39770&Cr=slave&Cr1=#.UThm9zDcTmM|title= Reparations should be made for African slave trade, Antigua and Barbuda tells UN|first=United Nations News Service|last=Section|date=24 September 2011}}</ref> A shekarar 2016, jakadan Antigua da Barbuda zuwa Amurka, Sir Ronald Sanders, ya bukaci Jami’ar Harvard "ta nuna nadama da biyan diyya ga bayi marasa suna daga Antigua da Barbuda". A cewar Sanders, Isaac Royall Jr., wanda shi ne farfesan doka na farko da aka kafa a Harvard, ya dogara ne da bayi a gonarsa da ke Antigua wajen gina makarantar koyon doka ta Harvard. Sanders ya bayar da shawarar cewa a biya wannan diyya ta hanyar bayar da guraben karatu na shekara-shekara ga ‘yan Antigua da Barbuda.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.co.cr/antigua-and-barbuda-asks-harvard-university-for-slavery-reparations/52349/|title=Antigua and Barbuda Asks Harvard University for Slavery Reparations|last=Anders|first=Wendy|date=October 24, 2016|work=The Costa Rica Star}}</ref> ====Barbados==== A shekarar 2012, Gwamnatin Barbados ta kafa kwamiti mai mambobi goma sha biyu don ci gaba da jan hankalin duniya da yankin Caribbean game da batun diyya.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://atlantablackstar.com/2012/11/06/barbados-takes-lead-in-fight-for-reparations-for-slavery-in-the-caribbean/|title=Barbados Takes Lead in Fight For Reparations in the Caribbean|date=November 7, 2012|website=Atlanta Black Star|author=Stan}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://sharenews.com/caricom-and-reparations-for-slavery/|first=Patrick |last=Hunter|title=CARICOM and reparations for slavery|website=Share|date=20 February 2013|access-date=7 March 2013|archive-date=27 February 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130227195153/http://sharenews.com/caricom-and-reparations-for-slavery/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Barbados ya kasance kan gaba wajen "neman diyya daga tsofaffin kasashen mulkin mallaka saboda zaluncin da bayi da zuriyarsu suka sha".<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/britain-s-colonial-shame-slave-owners-given-huge-payouts-after-abolition-8508358.html|title=Britain's colonial shame: Slave-owners given huge payouts after|first=Sanchez |last=Manning|date=February 26, 2013|newspaper=The Independent}}</ref><ref name="auto"/> An ce Barbados ne "kan gaba" (zuwa 2021) wajen bukatar a biya diyya don bautar da mutane.<ref name=naarc>{{cite web | title=Britain's colonial shame: Slave-owners given huge payouts after abolition | website=National African American Reparations Commission (NAARC) | date=7 October 2021 | url=https://reparationscomm.org/reparations-news/britains-colonial-shame-slave-owners-given-huge-payouts-after-abolition/ | access-date=6 January 2023}}</ref> Ya zuwa Janairu 2023, Kwamitin kasa na Barbados na neman diyya daga dan majalisar Burtaniya mai kudi, Richard Drax, saboda laifin danginsa na shiga cikin cinikin bayi. Har yanzu dangin Drax suna da mallakar wani katafaren fili a Barbados; ana cewa Richard Drax yana da dukiyar da ta kai "akalla fam miliyan £150".<ref name=lashmar>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/nov/26/barbados-tory-mp-pay-reparations-family-slave-richard-drax-caribbean-sugar-plantation|title=Barbados plans to make Tory MP pay reparations for family's slave past| first1=Paul|last1=Lashmar|first2= Jonathan |last2=Smith | access-date=4 January 2023|website=The Guardian|date=26 November 2022}}</ref> Idan kwamitin ya kasa samun amincewa da a mayar da Drax Hall zuwa Barbados, gwamnati na shirin kai karar zuwa gaban kotun kasa da kasa.<ref name=armitage2023/> ====Guyana==== A shekarar 2007, shugaban kasar Guyana, Bharrat Jagdeo, ya bukaci kasashen Turai da su biya diyya saboda cinikin bayi.<ref name=":2">{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/caribbean/news/story/2007/03/070327_jagdeoreparations.shtml|title= Guyana calls for reparations|publisher=BBCCaribbean.com|date=27 March 2007}}</ref> Shugaba Jagdeo ya bayyana cewa: "Ko da wasu daga cikin al’ummomin duniya sun amince da rawar da suka taka a wannan mummunan tsarin, yakamata su dauki wani mataki na gaba ta hanyar goyon bayan biyan diyya."<ref name=":2" /> A shekarar 2014, majalisar dokokin Guyana ta kafa "Kwamitin Diyya na Guyana" don bincike da bayyana tasirin bautar da mutane da kuma tsara bukatun diyya na hukumomi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://parliament.gov.gy/chamber-business/notice-papers/establishment-of-the-reparations-committee-of-guyana/|title=Establishment of the Reparations Committee of Guyana|website=Parliament of the Cooperative Republic of Guyana}}</ref> ====Haiti==== Bayan samun 'yancin kai daga Faransa a shekarar 1804 ta hanyar yakin juyin juya hali na Haiti, an ga cewa akwai dalilin neman diyya ga Haiti. Bayan haka, Faransa ta bukaci sabuwar kasar Haiti da ta biya gwamnatin Faransa da masu bayi fam miliyan 90 na zinariya saboda “satar” rayuwar bayin da suka yi da kuma gonakin da suka mai da riba ta hanyar amfanin su da sukarin da kofi domin a amince da ‘yancin su a hukumance.<ref name="odiousdebts.org">{{cite web |url=http://www.odiousdebts.org/odiousdebts/index.cfm?DSP=content&ContentID=9636 |via=Odious Debts |title= Impoverished Haiti pins hopes for future on a very old debt|first=José |last=De Côrdoba|newspaper=Wall Street Journal |date=January 2, 2004 |access-date=2011-03-08 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101112093243/http://www.odiousdebts.org/odiousdebts/index.cfm?DSP=content&ContentID=9636 |archive-date=2010-11-12 }}</ref> Wadannan biyan kudade aka dauka a matsayin diyya ga tsofaffin masu bayi, kuma bankunan Faransa da Citibank ne suka dauki nauyin wannan bashin, wanda aka gama biya a shekarar 1947.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.csmonitor.com/World/Europe/2010/0817/France-dismisses-petition-for-it-to-pay-17-billion-in-Haiti-reparations|title=France dismisses petition for it to pay $17 billion in Haiti reparations|date=2010-08-17|work=The Christian Science Monitor|access-date=2019-08-31|issn=0882-7729|first=Robert|last=Marquand}}</ref> A shekarar 2003, tsohon shugaban kasar Haiti, Jean-Bertrand Aristide, ya bukaci Faransa da ta biya Haiti diyya fiye da dalar Amurka biliyan 21, wanda shine darajar yau ta fam miliyan 90 na zinariya da aka tilasta musu su biya domin samun amincewar duniya.<ref name="Jackson Miller">{{cite news |first=Dionne |last=Jackson Miller |title=HAITI: Aristide's Call for Reparations From France Unlikely to Die |date=March 12, 2004 |access-date=20 April 2009 |publisher=Inter Press Service news |url=http://ipsnews.net/interna.asp?idnews=22828 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081202065348/http://www.ipsnews.net/interna.asp?idnews=22828 |archive-date=2 December 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=Revolution>{{cite web|title= Haiti, 1789 to 1806|first=Frank E. |last=Smitha|url=http://www.fsmitha.com/h3/h34-np2.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090212182348/http://www.fsmitha.com/h3/h34-np2.html|archive-date=2009-02-12|url-status=live|access-date=2009-04-20}}</ref> Aristide daga baya ya zargi Faransa da Amurka da kifar da gwamnatinsa a wani juyin mulki a shekarar 2004, yana cewa hakan ya biyo bayan bukatarsa ta diyya. ====Jamaica==== A shekarar 2004, wata kungiya ta ‘yan kishin kasa daga Jamaica ciki har da mambobin Rastafari, sun bukaci kasashen Turai da suka shiga cinikin bayi da su dauki nauyin mayar da ‘yan Rastafari 500,000 zuwa kasar Ethiopia (sun kiyasta wannan diyya da fam biliyan 72.5, ko kuma kimanin dalar Amurka 150,000 ga kowane mutum). Gwamnatin Birtaniya ta yi watsi da wannan bukata.<ref name="JamaicanCommission" /> A shekarar 2012, Gwamnatin Jamaica ta farfado da kwamitinta na diyya don tantance ko kasar ya kamata ta nemi afuwa ko diyya daga Birtaniya saboda rawar da ta taka a cinikin bayi.<ref name=JamaicanCommission>{{cite news |title=Jamaicans Form Commission to Investigate Slavery Reparations from Britain |date=1 November 2012 |agency=Associated Press |url=http://bigstory.ap.org/article/jamaica-revives-slavery-reparations-commission |access-date=23 December 2012 |archive-date=26 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131026141900/http://bigstory.ap.org/article/jamaica-revives-slavery-reparations-commission |url-status=dead }}</ref> Masu adawa sun nuna cewa rawar da Birtaniya ta taka wajen kawo karshen cinikin bayi ya isa dalili da zai sa kada a biya diyya. A shekarar 2021, gwamnatin Jamaica ta sake duba batun neman diyya saboda bautar da mutane. Rahotanni sun nuna cewa gwamnatin Jamaica na neman fam biliyan 7 daga Birtaniya saboda barnar da bautar da mutane ta haifar, ciki har da fam miliyan 20 da gwamnatin Birtaniya ta biya tsofaffin masu bayi.<ref>{{Cite web|last=McLeod|first=Sheri-Kae|date=2021-07-15|title=Jamaica Demands Billions in Slavery Reparations from UK|url=https://www.caribbeannationalweekly.com/caribbean-breaking-news-featured/jamaica-demands-billions-in-slavery-reparations-from-uk/|access-date=2021-07-15|website=Caribbean News|language=en}}</ref> ===Duniya Musulmi=== An ba da shawarar biyan diyya saboda bautar tarihi a cikin duniyar Musulmi.<ref>{{cite book | title=Bauta da Musulunci | last=Brown | first=J.A.C. | isbn=9781786076366| year=2020 | publisher=Oneworld Publications}}</ref> ==Ta yankin asalin bayi== === Afirka === A shekarar 1999, Hukumar Gaskiya ta Duniya kan Diyya da Komawar Bayi ta Afirka ta bukaci kasashen yamma su biya dala tiriliyan 777 (~${{Format price|{{Inflation|index=US-GDP|value=777000000000000|start_year=1999}}}} a cikin {{Inflation/year|US-GDP}}) ga Afirka a cikin shekaru biyar.<ref>{{cite news |publisher=BBC |title=Afirka na bukatar diyya tiriliyan a kan cinikin bayi |date=20 Agusta, 1999 |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/424984.stm}}</ref> A watan Satumba 2001, Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta dauki nauyin Taron Duniya kan wariyar launin fata, ƙyamar baƙi da rashin ɗa’a da aka gudanar a Durban, Afirka ta Kudu. Taron Bita na Durban ya bayar da kuduri cewa kasashen yamma suna bin diyya ga Afirka saboda "wariyar launin fata, ƙyamar baƙi da rashin ɗa’a" da cinikin bayi na Atlantic ya haddasa.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Howard-Hassmann|first=Rhoda E.|date=2004-01-01|title=Diyya ga Afirka da Rukunin Fitattun Mutane|jstor=4393370|journal=Cahiers d'Études Africaines|volume=44|issue=173/174|pages=81–97|doi=10.4000/etudesafricaines.4543|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite press release |url=https://www.un.org/WCAR/pressreleases/rd-d24.html |title=Amincewa da Abin Da Ya Gabata, Bukatar Diyya daga Shugabanni a Taron Wariyar Launin Fata |publisher=World Conference against Racism |date=2 Satumba, 2001 |access-date=15 Nuwamba, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite press release|url=https://www.un.org/WCAR/pressreleases/rd-d35.htm|title=Bukatar Dakile Wariyar da Take Shafuka da Dama a Taron |publisher=Majalisar Dinkin Duniya|access-date=15 Nuwamba, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180807020652/http://www.un.org/WCAR/pressreleases/rd-d35.htm|archive-date=7 Agusta, 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> Shugabanni daga wasu kasashen Afirka sun goyi bayan wannan kuduri. Tsohon Ministan Shari’a na Sudan, Ali Mohamed Osman Yassin, ya bayyana cewa cinikin bayi ne ke da alhakin matsalolin Afirka a yau. Shugaban kasar Afirka ta Kudu Cyril Ramaphosa ya goyi bayan bayar da diyya saboda bayi da cinikin bayi, a bikin cika shekaru 20 da bayyana kudurin Durban.<ref>{{cite web |website=News24 |title=Ramaphosa ya bukaci MDD ta tattauna kan diyya saboda bayi |url=https://www.news24.com/ramaphosa-asks-un-to-discuss-reparations-for-slavery-20210922 |date=22 Satumba, 2021}}</ref> ====Kungiyar Tarayyar Afirka da Kudurin Caricom na Diyya Duniya==== An kafa Kundin Diyya na Duniya ta Kungiyar Tarayyar Afirka da Caricom a wata taro da aka yi a Ghana a watan Nuwamba 2023.<ref name=GuardNov23>{{cite news|last=Gentleman|first=Amelia|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/nov/17/african-and-caribbean-nations-agree-move-to-seek-reparations-for-slavery|title=Kasashen Afirka da Caribbean sun yarda da neman diyya kan bayi|date=17 Nuwamba, 2023|access-date=17 Nuwamba, 2023|work=The Guardian}}</ref> Shugaban Ghana, Nana Akufo-Addo, ya bayyana a taron cewa “Dukkan lokacin bayi ya hana ci gabanmu ta fuskar tattalin arziki, al’adu da bangaren tunani. Akwai labaran dangi da dama da suka rabu ... Ba za ka iya aunawa ba, amma dole ne a gane tasirin wannan annoba”.<ref name=GuardNov23/> == Manazarta == {{reflist|2}} ==Ƙara karatu== * {{cite news|title=The centuries-long fight for reparations|first=Ana Lucia|last=Araujo|author-link=Ana Lucia Araujo|date=April 28, 2019 |newspaper=[[Washington Post]]|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/2019/04/28/centuries-long-fight-reparations/}} <!--* Araujo, Ana Lucia. 2017. "Reparations for Slavery and the Slave Trade: A Transnational and Comparative History"?'','' New York: Bloomsbury Academic, pp. 276.--> * Araujo, Ana Lucia. 2017. ''Reparations for Slavery and the Slave Trade: A Transnational and Comparative History'', New York / London: Bloomsbury Academic. {{ISBN|135001060X}} * Barragan, Yesenia. 2021. ''Freedom's Captives: Slavery and Gradual Emancipation on the Colombian Black Pacific (Afro-Latin America)'', Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. {{doi|10.1017/9781108935890}} * [[Hilary Beckles|Beckles, Hilary]]. ''Britain's Black Debt: Reparations for Caribbean Slavery and Native Genocide'', Kingston: University of the West Indies Press, 2013. {{ISBN|978-9766402686}} * Buser, Andreas. [https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3050647 "Colonial Injustices and the Law of State Responsibility: The CARICOM Claim to Compensate Slavery and (Native) Genocide"], ''Heidelberg Journal of International Law'' (2017), pp.&nbsp;409–446. * [[Ta-Nehisi Coates|Coates, Ta-Nehisi]]. [https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2014/06/the-case-for-reparations/361631/ "The Case for Reparations"], ''The Atlantic'', June 2014. * du Plessis, Max. 2003. "Historical Injustice and International Law: An Exploratory Discussion of Reparation for Slavery" Human Rights Quarterly, 25(3), 624–659. * Manjapra, Kris. June 17, 2022. "D.C.'s Enslavers Got Reparations. Freed People Got Nothing", ''Politico''. * Manjapra, Kris. 2019. "The Scandal of the British Slavery Abolition Act Loan", ''Social and Economic Studies'', 68(3/4), 165–184. {{JSTOR|45299245}} * {{citation |author=United Nations General Assembly |title=Basic Principles and Guidelines on the Right to a Remedy and Reparation for Victims of Gross Violations of International Human Rights Law and Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law |date=16 December 2005 |id=A/RES/60/147 |url=http://undocs.org/A/RES/60/147 |access-date=10 July 2017 }} ([http://www.ohchr.org/EN/ProfessionalInterest/Pages/RemedyAndReparation.aspx HTML version]) with a definition and the components of full and effective reparation, as laid out in principles 19 to 23. * America, Richard F. ''Wealth of Races: The Present Value of Benefits from Past Injustices''. Praeger Press, 2002. {{ISBN|0313257531}} * Burlette, Carterm W.. [http://scholarship.law.gwu.edu/faculty_publications/1030/ "True Reparations"], ''The George Washington Law Review'', Vol. 68, No. 1021, 2000. * America, Richard F. "Racial Inequality, Economic Dysfunction, and Reparations'', ''Challenge,'' Vol. 38, No. 6, 1995, pp.&nbsp;40–45. {{JSTOR|40721651}} ==Hanyoyin waje== * ''[https://policy.m4bl.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Reparations-Now-Toolkit-FINAL.pdf Kayan Aiki na Diyya Yanzu] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191015100013/https://policy.m4bl.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Reparations-Now-Toolkit-FINAL.pdf |date=15 Oktoba 2019 }}'', Movement for Black Lives, 2019. * ''[http://www.c-span.org/person/?richardamerica Huɗa game da Diyya ga Baƙar fata]'', Richard F. America, bidiyon C-SPAN na TransAfrica Forum, 11 Janairu 2000. * ''[https://www.npr.org/programs/specials/racism/010827.reparations.html Gyaran Lamura: Muhawara kan Diyya ga Bautar Amurka tana ci gaba]'', National Public Radio, 27 Agusta 2001. * [http://www.zinnedproject.org/news/reparations-and-climate-justice/ Diyya da Adalcin Yanayi] (tare da Olúfẹ́mi O. Táíwò), wani ɓangare na jerin Teach the Black Freedom Struggle online. * [https://caricomreparations.org/ Hukumar Diyya ta Caribbean] br4gkxuw7rljmzkfqqau20ogsnhljmb 0 101563 829773 626830 2026-05-05T01:26:55Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829773 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sir Seretse Goitsebeng Maphiri Khama''', GCB, [[Order of the British Empire|KBE]] (1 Yuli 1921)&nbsp;– 13 Yuli 1980) ɗan siyasan Motswana ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin [[Shugaban Ƙasar Botswana|shugaban ƙasar Botswana]] na farko, muƙamin da ya riƙe daga shekarun 1966 zuwa mutuwarsa a shekarar 1980. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sir Seretse Khama {{!}} president of Botswana {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Seretse-Khama |access-date=2022-05-22 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Ramsay |first=Jeff |date=2021-07-01 |title=Seretse Khama Centenary: A profile of our first president |url=https://www.mmegi.bw/opinion-analysis/seretse-khama-centenary-a-profile-of-our-first-president/news |access-date=2022-05-22 |website=Mmegi Online |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Henderson |first=Willie |date=January 1990 |title=Seretse Khama: A Personal Appreciation |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a098278 |journal=African Affairs |volume=89 |issue=354 |pages=27–56 |doi=10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a098278 |issn=1468-2621 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> An haife shi a cikin gidan sarauta mai tasiri na abin da yake a lokacin 'yan mulkin mallaka na Birtaniya na Bechuanaland, ya yi karatu a ƙasashen waje a makwabciyar ƙasar [[Afirka ta Kudu]] <ref name=":0"/> sannan kuma a Birtaniya. <ref name=":0" /> A lokacin da yake Biritaniya ya auri wata 'yar ƙasar Ingila mai suna Ruth Williams, matakin da gwamnatin 'yan tsirarun fararen fata ta [[Afirka ta Kudu]] ta yi adawa da shi, lamarin da ya haifar da cece-kuce da ya sa gwamnatin Birtaniya ta sa ya zauna a Ingila yana gudun hijira don kada dangantakarsu ta yi tsami tsakanin Birtaniya da Afirka ta Kudu. Bayan ƙarshen gudun hijira, Khama ya jagoranci yunkurin yaƙin 'yancin kai na ƙasar sa da kuma miƙa mulki daga turawan Ingila zuwa wata ƙasa mai cin gashin kanta. Ya kafa jam'iyyar Democratic Party ta Botswana a shekarar 1962 kuma ya zama Firayim Minista a shekarar 1965. A cikin shekarar 1966, [[Botswana]] ta sami 'yancin kai kuma aka zaɓi Khama a matsayin shugabanta na farko. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=IFES Election Guide {{!}} Elections: Botswana Parliamentary Election 2009 |url=https://www.electionguide.org/elections/id/2909/ |access-date=2022-05-22 |website=www.electionguide.org}}</ref> A lokacin shugabancinsa, ƙasar ta samu ci gaban tattalin arziki da zamantakewa cikin sauri. <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Presidency – Republic of South Africa |url=http://www.thepresidency.gov.za:80/orders_list.asp?show=152 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090720233744/http://www.thepresidency.gov.za/orders_list.asp?show=152 |archive-date=20 July 2009}}</ref> Khama ya kasance shugaban ƙasa har zuwa mutuwarsa a shekarar 1980, kuma Quett Masire ya gaje shi. Ɗansa, Ian Khama, ya zama shugaban ƙasar Botswana na huɗu daga shekarun 2008 zuwa 2018. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-01-02 |title=Botswana issues arrest warrant for ex-President Ian Khama |url=https://apnews.com/article/politics-botswana-ian-khama-crime-8087f1d5cdde4d0a0ed826a2d820e786 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=AP NEWS |language=en}}</ref> == Yarantaka da ilimi == An haifi Seretse Khama a shekara ta 1921 a Serowe, a cikin yankin da ake kira Bechuanaland Protectorate. Shi ɗa ne ga Sarauniya Tebogo da Sekgoma Khama II, babban sarki na dangin Bamangwato na Tswana, kuma jikan Khama III, sarkinsu. Sunan Seretse na nufin "laka mai ɗaure". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Parsons |first=Neil |title=Sir Seretse Khama |url=http://www.thuto.org/ubh/bw/skhama.htm |access-date=28 April 2012 |website=University of Botswana History Department website}}</ref> An ba shi suna ne don murnar sulhun da mahaifinsa da kakansa suka yi kwanan nan; wannan sulhun ya tabbatar da hawan Seretse kan ƙaragar mulki tare da mutuwar mahaifinsa da ya tsufa a shekara ta 1925. Yana da shekaru 4, Seretse ya zama ''kgosi'' (sarki), tare da kawunsa Tshekedi Khama a matsayin mai mulki da waliyyinsa. Bayan samun ilimi a lokacin ƙuruciyarsa a Cibiyar Ilimi ta Tiger Kloof a [[Afirka ta Kudu]], Khama ya halarci [[Jami'ar Fort Hare|Kwalejin Jami'ar Fort Hare]] a can, inda ya kammala karatunsa na BA a shekarar 1944. Ya yi tafiya zuwa Ingila kuma ya yi karatu na tsawon shekara a Balliol College, Oxford. Daga baya ya shiga Haikali na ciki a Landan a cikin shekarar 1946, don yin karatu don zama [[barrister]]. <ref>{{Cite web |title=We pay homage to Botswana Presidents – past to present |url=https://yourbotswana.com/2019/07/14/we-pay-homage-to-botswana-presidents-past-to-present/ |access-date=2020-05-24 |website=YourBotswana |language=en-GB |archive-date=2025-01-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250112003204/https://yourbotswana.com/2019/07/14/we-pay-homage-to-botswana-presidents-past-to-present/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Aure da gudun hijira == A cikin watan Yuni 1947, Khama ya haɗu da Ruth Williams, ma'aikaciyar Ingilishi a Lloyd's na London. <ref name=":0"/> Bayan shekara guda suna zawarcinsu, suka yi aure. Auren ƙabilu ya haifar da tashin hankali, <ref name=":0" /> yana tsoratar da Tarayyar Afirka ta Kudu, wacce ta kafa wariyar launin fata na shari'a (rarrabuwar ƙabilu), da kuma dattawan ƙabilu na Bamangwato, waɗanda suka fusata bai zaɓi ɗaya daga cikin matansu ba. Da aka sanar da ɗaurin auren, kawun Khama Tshekedi Khama ya buƙaci ya koma Bechuanaland tare da raba auren. <ref name=":0"/> Khama ya koma Serowe. Bayan jerin ''kgotlas'' (taron jama'a), dattawa sun sake tabbatar da shi a matsayinsa na ''kgosi'' a shekarar 1949. Ruth Williams Khama, tafiya tare da sabon mijinta, ya zama sananne irin wannan. Ya yarda da shan kaye, Tshekedi Khama ya bar ajiyar Bamangwato don gudun hijira na son rai a cikin Bakwena Reserve yayin da Khama ya koma London don kammala karatunsa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Benson |first=Mary |date=1976 |title=Tshekedi Khama as I Knew Him |journal=Botswana Notes and Records |volume=8 |pages=121–128 |issn=0525-5090 |jstor=40979462}}</ref> <ref name=":0" /> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1980]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1921]] sdylxroybi27ug4zmajh00piivn745g 0 101653 829778 810812 2026-05-05T01:56:53Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829778 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Shahararriyar Ra'ayin Equatorial Guinea''' ( Spanish , IPGE) ƙungiya ce ta siyasa mai kishin ƙasa da aka kirkira a ƙarshen 1950s tare da manufar kafa 'yancin kai a [[Gini Ikwatoriya|Equatorial Guinea]] . Ana ɗaukar IPGE a matsayin jam'iyyar siyasa ta Equatoguine ta farko. <ref name=":4">{{Cite journal |last=Okenve |first=Enrique N. |year=2014 |title=They Never Finished Their Journey: The Territorial Limits of Fang Ethnicity in Equatorial Guinea, 1930–1963 |journal=The International Journal of African Historical Studies |volume=47 |issue=2 |pages=259–285 |jstor=24393407}}</ref> Kungiyar ‘yan gudun hijira da ke zaune a [[Gabon|kasashen Gabon]] da [[Kamaru]] ne suka kafa kungiyar ta IPGE tare da hedkwatarsu a Ambam . <ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=Campos |first=Alicia |date=March 2003 |title=The Decolonization of Equatorial Guinea: The Relevance of the International Factor |journal=The Journal of African History |volume=44 |issue=1 |pages=95–116 |doi=10.1017/S0021853702008319 |issn=1469-5138 |s2cid=143108720 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Shugabannin jam'iyyar na farko sun hada da Clemente Ateba, José Perea Epota, Antonio Eqoro, Jaime Nseng, da Enrique Nvó, <ref name=":1" /> wanda aka ba da kyauta don fara IPGE a lokacin da yake gudun hijira a Ambam. Ra'ayoyin siyasa masu tsattsauran ra'ayi na Nvo da hawansa kan karagar mulki a sassan arewacin Rio Muni sun shafi hukumomin Spain, wadanda ake zargin sun biya masu kashe 'yan kwangila don kashe shi a 1959. <ref name=":4" /> == Akida == Babban burin wannan yunkuri dai shi ne hada kan kasashen Equatorial Guinea da Kamaru ta yadda za su samu 'yancin kai ta hanyar kishin kasa mai farin jini da akidar ci gaba. Tushen cikin gida na IPGE ya ci gaba da haɗin gwiwa tare da yawan Fang a yankin arewa maso gabas na Río Muni . Abubuwa biyu na asali na IPGE sun kasance masu tsattsauran ra'ayi kuma a ƙarshe akidar Markisanci da burinsu na haɗa Kamaru da Equatorial Guinea bayan samun 'yancin kai. == Tarihi == === Sirri da farko === IPGE ta fara ne saboda rarrabuwar kawuna da ta faru a cikin {{Interlanguage link|MONALIGE|es|Movimiento Nacional de Liberación de Guinea Ecuatorial}} ('National Liberation Movement of Equatorial Guinea'), kuma an kafa shi a hukumance a cikin 1959 ta 'yan Equatorial Guinea da ke gudun hijira a Kamaru a yunƙurin fara ƙungiyoyin ƙabilanci. Jam'iyyar ta sami goyon baya daga membobin Bubis, irin su Marcos Ropo Uri da Luis Maho Sicahá, da Fernandino Gustavo Watson Bueco, da Fangs Enrique Nvo, Pedro Ekong Andeme, Clemente Ateba, da José Nsue Angüe, da sauransu. <ref name=":1"/> Ƙungiyoyin masu kishin ƙasa sun haɗa da Popular Union of Equatorial Guinea (UPLGE) wanda Ondó Edú ya ƙirƙira a [[Libreville]] kuma yana goyan bayan gwamnatin [[Léon M'ba]], <ref name=":1" /> ban da MONALIGE, wanda ainihin magoya bayansa sune ƙananan bourgeoisie na mulkin mallaka. Duk da taimakon kasa da kasa daga kasashe irin su [[Ghana]], [[Gini|Guinea]], [[Najeriya|Nigeria]], [[Aljeriya|Algeria]], [[Jamhuriyar Kwango|Kongo-Brazzaville]], da kuma United Arab Republic, hedkwatar [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] a [[New York (birni)|New York]] ce ta fi tasiri. Masu shigar da kara na farko, suna magana a madadin MONALIGE da IPGE daga Guinee na Sipaniya an saurare su a kwamitin Majalisar ta Hudu a watan Disamba 1962, yayin da suka yi tir da dabarar hadewar da gwamnatin Spain ta aiwatar tare da neman ‘yancin kai. <ref name=":1" /> A shekara ta 1963, gwamnatin Spain ta amince da shirya kuri'ar raba gardama don sanin ko al'ummar Equatoguinean sun goyi bayan gwamnati mai cin gashin kanta. <ref name=":4"/> Sabon tsarin siyasar ya hada da muhimman sauye-sauye, kamar gagarumin tashin hankali a fagen siyasar Afirka da shiga harkokin mulkin mallaka. An amince da tsarin mulkin kai a ƙarshen 1963. A lokacin yakin neman zaben raba gardama, an ba wa kungiyoyin siyasa damar bayyana ra'ayoyinsu a bainar jama'a. Yawancinsu, in ban da yawancin IPGE (kungiyar da ta rabu da IPGE kuma Jaime Nseng ke shugabanta) da MONALIGE, sun ba da goyon baya ga sabon tsarin. Sakamakon zaben raba gardama da aka gudanar a ranar 15 ga watan Disamba ya samu kuri'u 59,280 na goyon bayan gwamnatin da kuri'u 33,537. <ref name=":1"/> === Rikici da rarrabuwa === A cikin watan Yunin 1963, Ofishin Gudanarwa ya rushe, tare da hadewar Guinee na Spain da Kamaru bayan samun 'yancin kai na daya daga cikin batutuwan farko. IPGE ta yarda da wannan manufar, kuma an ba da rahoton cewa sun sami tallafin Kamaru a cikin wannan lokacin. <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Pélissier |first=René |date=1964 |title=Spanish Africa: A Bibliographical Survey |journal=Africana Newsletter |volume=2 |issue=02 |pages=13–22 |doi=10.1017/s0568160x00000307 |issn=0568-160X}}</ref> A ranar 31 ga watan Agustan shekarar 1963, IPGE ta kira wani taron koli a Ambam, amma taron bai yi nasara ba, domin babban sakataren kungiyar ta IPGE, Jaime Nseng, ya yi watsi da babbar manufar kungiyar da kasar Kamaru, inda ya ci gaba da samun wata kungiyar da ta balle, Movimiento Nacional de Unión. <ref name=":2" /> Pera Epota na daya daga cikin jagororin farko na wannan yunkuri, kuma a shekarar 1963 aka nada shi shugaban kawancen ‘yan mulkin mallaka a Kamaru. amma an ƙi wannan dokar yayin taron IPGE na Agusta 1963. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Spanish Guinea (1950-1968) |url=http://uca.edu/politicalscience/dadm-project/sub-saharan-africa-region/spanish-guinea-1950-1968/ |access-date=2018-10-12 |website=uca.edu |archive-date=2022-08-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220814041721/https://uca.edu/politicalscience/dadm-project/sub-saharan-africa-region/spanish-guinea-1950-1968/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> IPGE ta rasa wasu tallafi saboda kiran da ta yi na hadewa da Kamaru bai samu goyon bayan gida ba. <ref name=":1"/> Sakatare Janar na IPGE, Jesús Mba Ovono, yana aiki daga gudun hijira lokacin da Spain ta ba da yancin cin gashin kai ga Guinea. A ranar 12 ga Oktoba, 1964, Ovono ya sanar daga Accra cewa sun haɗa ƙarfi a cikin sabuwar Frente Nacional y Popular de Liberación de Guinea Ecuatorial (FRENAPO). <ref name=":2"/> Duk da haka, wannan ƙungiyar ba ta daɗe ba. Tsakanin 1965 zuwa 1967, jagorancin IPGE ya zama mai Marxist kuma an kawar da shi daga gaskiya, kuma a ƙarshe ya rabu zuwa fuka-fuki biyu - ƙungiyar da ta fi dacewa a [[Brazzaville]] karkashin jagorancin Jesús Mba Ovono, da wata ƙungiya ta doka a cikin Guinea karkashin jagorancin Clemente Ateba. <ref name=":2" /> === Zaben 1968 === Manyan shugabannin IPGE a 1968 su ne Clemente Ateba, wanda ke aiki a matsayin mai kula da doka a Guinea, da Jesús Mba Owono wanda ke zama shugaban gudun hijira a Brazzaville. <ref name=":2"/> A zaben shugaban kasar da aka yi a watan Satumba na shekarar 1968, Francisco Macías Nguema (IPGE) ya samu kuri'u 36,716 (40.05%) a zagayen farko, sannan ya samu kuri'u 68,310 (62.92%) a zagaye na biyu na zaben. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Elections in Equatorial Guinea |url=http://africanelections.tripod.com/gq.html |access-date=2018-11-30 |website=africanelections.tripod.com}}</ref> Bugu da kari, an baiwa kungiyar IPGE kujeru 8 a zaben majalisar dokokin kasar da aka yi a ranar 21 ga Satumban 1968. <ref name=":3" /> === Mutuwar jam'iyyar === Francisco Macías Nguema ya zama shugaban Equatorial Guinea na farko a ranar 12 ga Oktoba 1968 kuma ya kasance dan takarar IPGE. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Wharton |first=Barrie |date=2006 |title=The Impact and Legacy of Twentieth-century Spanish Colonial Policy on the Socio-political Development of Guinea Ecuatorial |journal=Gefame}}</ref> Sai dai a duk lokacin mulkin Nguema, ya kafa wasu tsare-tsare marasa kyau wadanda suka shafi martabar jam’iyyar. Macías ya ba da umarnin kama wasu manyan jiga-jigan siyasa, ciki har da tsohon shugaban gwamnatin mulkin cin gashin kai kafin samun 'yancin kai. <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Artucio |first=Alejandro |date=November 1979 |title=THE TRIAL OF MACIAS IN EQUATORIAL GUINEA: The Story of a Dictatorship |url=https://www.icj.org/wp-content/uploads/1979/01/Equatorial-Guinea-fair-trial-trial-observation-report-1979-eng.pdf |access-date=2018-12-07 |website=www.icj.org}}</ref> A cikin 1970, Macías ya kafa Jam'iyyar United National Party (PUN). <ref name=":5" /> A ranar 7 ga Mayu 1971, Macías ya soke wasu batutuwa na kundin tsarin mulkin 1968, kuma ya ba da matsayin shugaban kasa "dukkan ikon gwamnati da cibiyoyi kai tsaye". <ref name=":5" /> A ranar 29 ga Yulin 1973, an gudanar da ƙuri'ar raba gardama ta tsarin mulki, inda aka rubuta kashi 99% na ƙuri'un "eh" dangane da jamhuriyar shugaban ƙasa. <ref name=":3"/> A ranar 12 ga Maris, 1979, Hukumar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan kare hakkin dan Adam ta nada wani mai ba da rahoto na musamman don duba halin da ake ciki na [[Hakkin Ɗan Adam a Equatorial Guinea|'yancin ɗan adam a cikin ƙasa]] kuma ya kai rahoto ga Hukumar. <ref name=":5" /> Majalisar koli ta soja ta bude shari'ar 1/979 a ranar 18 ga Agusta 1979, kuma ta fara yin tambayoyi da shaidu da kuma tattara shaidu kan gwamnatin Macías Nguema. Daga baya majalisar ta kira wata kotun soji a ranar 24 ga watan Satumba domin gurfanar da Macías Nguema da wasu mambobin gwamnatinsa. Laifukan da ake tuhumar mutanen goma sun hada da [[Kisan kiyashi|kisan kare dangi]], kisan gilla, almubazzaranci da dukiyar jama'a, take hakkin dan adam, da kuma cin amanar kasa . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Artucio, Arturo. The Trial of Macias in Equatorial Guinea: The Story of a Dictatorship. International Commission of Jurists and the International University Exchange Fund, 1979. |url=http://www.opensourceguinea.org/2013/10/artucio-arturo-trial-of-macias-in.html |access-date=2018-12-07}}</ref> An samu Macías Nguema da laifi kuma an yanke masa hukuncin [[Hukuncin Kisa|kisa]] tare da wasu mutane shida da ake tuhuma a ranar 29 ga Satumbar 1979. Tun daga lokacin kungiyar IPGE ba ta da wata kujera a gwamnatin Equatorial Guinea, kuma ta daina aiki. <ref name=":3" /> == Tarihin zabe == === Zaben shugaban kasa === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! rowspan="2" |Zabe ! rowspan="2" | Dan takarar jam'iyya ! Ƙuri'u ! % ! Ƙuri'u ! % ! rowspan="2" | Sakamako |- ! colspan="2" | Zagayen farko ! colspan="2" | Zagaye na biyu |- | 1968 | Francisco Macías Nguema | 36,716 | 39.57% | 68,310 | 62.35% | '''Zabe''' |} === Zaben majalisar wakilai === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" !Zabe ! Kujeru ! +/- ! Matsayi |- | 1968 |{{Composition bar|8|35|red}} |{{Increase}} 8 |{{Increase}} 3rd |} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Kungiyoyi ]] 11j7wwkdq6bq9wcg8km08mt497sp7a4 0 103657 829807 773312 2026-05-05T03:57:02Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829807 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Babban Taron Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|Majalisar Dinkin]] Duniya ta sanar da '''shekaru goma na duniya ga mutanen zuriyar Afirka''', 2015-2024, <ref name="planaction">{{Cite web |title=Programme of Activities for the Implementation of the International Decade for People of African Descent |url=https://www.un.org/en/observances/decade-people-african-descent/programme-activities#:~:text=The%20UN%20General%20Assembly%20proclaimed,rights%20by%20people%20of%20African |access-date=28 January 2025 |publisher=United Nations}}</ref> a cikin wani kuduri (68/237) wanda aka zartar a ranar 23 ga Disamba 2013. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 23 December 2013 ... 68/237. Proclamation of the International Decade for People of African Descent |url=https://documents.un.org/doc/undoc/gen/n13/453/67/pdf/n1345367.pdf |access-date=28 January 2025 |publisher=United Nations General Assembly}}</ref> Taken shekaru goma na duniya shi ne "Mutanen zuriyar Afirka: amincewa, adalci da ci gaba". <ref name="planaction" /> A ranar 17 ga Disamba, 2024, sanarwar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta ayyana '''shekaru goma na kasa da kasa na mutanen zuriyar Afirka''', wanda ya fara daga 1 ga Janairu 2025, yana mai cewa zai zama "damar daukar kwararan matakai don tinkarar gadon bautar da mulkin mallaka, da samar da adalci ga al'ummar Afirka ta duniya." <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 December 2024 |title=The Second International Decade for People of African Descent renews the call for recognition, justice, and development |url=https://www.ohchr.org/en/stories/2024/12/second-international-decade-people-african-descent-renews-call-recognition-justice#:~:text=This%20Second%20International%20Decade%20is,people%20of%20African%20descent%20worldwide. |access-date=30 January 2025 |website=Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights |publisher=United Nations}}</ref> == Bayyana manufofin == Manufofin da aka bayyana na shekaru goma na duniya don mutanen zuriyar Afirka sune: * Haɓaka mutuntawa, kariya da cika dukkan haƙƙoƙin ɗan adam da ƴancin asali daga mutanen zuriyar Afirka, kamar yadda aka amince da shi a cikin [[Gamayyar Sanarwa na Yancin Dan'adam|Yarjejeniyar Haƙƙin Dan Adam ta Duniya]] ; * Haɓaka ilimi mai girma da mutunta al'adu daban-daban, al'adu da gudummawar mutanen Afirka don ci gaban al'ummomi; * Karɓa da ƙarfafa tsarin shari'a na ƙasa, yanki da na ƙasa da ƙasa bisa ga [[Taron Duniya game da wariyar launin fata|sanarwar Durban da Shirin Aiki]] da Yarjejeniyar Kasa da Kasa kan Kawar da Duk wani nau'i na nuna wariyar launin fata da tabbatar da cikakken aiwatar da su. <ref name="planaction"/> == Shekaru goma na duniya na biyu ga mutanen zuriyar Afirka == Bayan sanarwar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na ranar 17 ga Disamba, 2024, tana shelar shekaru goma na duniya ga al'ummar Afirka, tun daga ranar 1 ga Janairu, 2025, Shugabar CARICOM, Mia Mottley, Firayim Minista na Barbados, ta bayyana cewa: "Nasarar tana nuna goyon baya ga yankinmu da ci gaban da aka samu a cikin shekaru goma na farko na tabbatar da adalci a duniya. Majalisar dinkin duniya na dindindin na al'ummar Afirka ... Dole ne mu ci gaba da matsa wa kasashen duniya lamba don tattaunawa ta fuska da fuska a kowane mataki, ta yadda za mu iya ganin sun gyara barnar da aka yi musu ta hanyar fasikanci na bauta da mulkin mallaka da mutanenmu suka sha fama da su." Farfesa Sir Hilary Beckles, Shugaban Hukumar CARICOM Reparations Commission (CRC), ya ce: "Ina maraba da bikin da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta yi na shekaru goma na biyu na kasa da kasa don mutanen zuriyar Afirka don ci gaba da mai da hankali ga ci gaban jama'ar Afirka. Wannan babban sakamako ne da ya haifar da hadin gwiwar kungiyoyin fararen hula da gwamnatoci a Amurka da Afirka." == Fage == An [[shuka]] tsaba na shekaru goma na duniya don mutanen zuriyar Afirka a cikin 2001 tare da [[Taron Duniya game da wariyar launin fata 2001|taron duniya na uku na yaƙi da wariyar launin fata]], wanda ya haifar da ɗaukar sanarwar [[Durban]] da Shirin Aiki. <ref>{{Cite web |title=UN Launches International Decade for People of African Descent |url=http://www.ijrcenter.org/2015/01/27/un-launches-international-decade-for-people-of-african-descent/ |access-date=2015-09-30 |website=International Justice Resource Center |archive-date=2024-07-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719113324/https://ijrcenter.org/2015/01/27/un-launches-international-decade-for-people-of-african-descent/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Sanarwar ta Durban, baya ga bayyana cewa al'ummar Afirka na fama da bauta, kuma suna ci gaba da shan wahala a sakamakon haka, ta yi kira ga jihohi da su dauki takamaiman matakai na taimakawa wajen yaki da wariyar launin fata da [[Kyamar Baki|kyamar baki]] da kuma kare wadanda abin ya shafa. A lokacin shekara ta duniya ta al'ummar Afirka ta duniya, bayan shekaru goma, MDD ta yi kira da a kara kaimi ga wannan kokari. Shekaru biyu bayan haka, a watan Disamba 2013, Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta yanke shawarar cewa 1 ga Janairu 2015 za ta kaddamar da shekaru goma na kasa da kasa na mutanen zuriyar Afirka. A yayin kaddamar da ita, mataimakiyar babban kwamishina mai kula da hakkin bil adama ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Flavia Pansieri ta ce: <blockquote>Hanyar zuwa duniyar da ba ta da wariyar launin fata, son zuciya da kuma kyama abu ne mai ban tsoro. Yaƙi da wariyar launin fata ƙoƙari ne na dogon lokaci. Yana buƙatar sadaukarwa da dagewa. Mutanen asalin Afirka suna buƙatar ƙarfafawa da tallafi. Ƙasashe membobi suna da alhakin ɗabi'a da doka don ba da goyon baya na siyasa da na kuɗi don tabbatar da shekaru goma masu tasiri [d] don ci gaba da hanyarmu zuwa ga daidaitattun al'ummomi masu adalci.</blockquote> == Ayyuka a cikin kasashe daban-daban == === Tare === A cikin 2017, Accompong [[Maroons]] sun ƙaddamar da [[Ƙofar Fita da Babu Komawa|Ƙofar Komawa]] tare da haɗin gwiwar Ghana da Najeriya, <ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-03-31 |title=AFRICA: 4 Nations sign up On Door of Return with Accompong, Jamaica to drive Tourism with Diaspora {{!}} ATQ News |url=http://www.atqnews.com/ng/4-nations-door-drive-tourism-diaspora/ |access-date=2019-06-28 |website=www.atqnews.com}}</ref> wanda Najeriya ta kaddamar da wani abin tunawa na farko a lokacin bikin al'adun kasashen waje a [[Badagry]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ajeluorou |first=Anote |date=2016-11-09 |title=Abike Dabiri-Erewa, others endorse Badagry Diaspora Festival, Door-of-Return ceremony |url=https://guardian.ng/art/abike-dabiri-erewa-others-endorse-badagry-diaspora-festival-door-of-return-ceremony/ |access-date=2019-06-28 |website=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]] |language=en-US}}</ref> Shirin dai ya kunshi kafa jerin abubuwan tarihi na tarihi a fadin nahiyar Afirka domin nuna budaddiyar budi na nahiyar Afirka ga 'yan kasashen waje, kuma ana son kawo sabbin jari a nahiyar a fannonin yawon bude ido da samar da ababen more rayuwa masu dorewa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-01-07 |title='Door of Return' monument to be erected in Accompong Town Limited |url=http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/news/-Door-of-Return--monument-to-be-erected-in-Accompong-Town |access-date=2019-06-28 |website=[[Jamaica Observer]]}}</ref> === Kanada === A ranar 30 ga Janairu, 2018, Firayim Ministan Kanada, [[Justin Trudeau]], ya sanar da cewa gwamnatin Kanada za ta amince da shekaru goma na duniya ga mutanen zuriyar Afirka a hukumance. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-01-30 |title=Prime Minister announces that the Government of Canada will officially recognize the International Decade for People of African Descent |url=https://pm.gc.ca/en/news/news-releases/2018/01/30/prime-minister-announces-government-canada-will-officially-recognize |access-date=2020-01-27 |website=Prime Minister of Canada |language=en}}</ref> <ref name="Heritage">{{Cite web |last=Heritage |first=Canadian |date=2019-06-25 |title=Recognizing the International Decade for People of African Descent |url=https://www.canada.ca/en/canadian-heritage/campaigns/anti-racism-engagement/anti-racism-strategy/international-decade-african-descent.html |access-date=2020-01-27 |website=aem }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=International |first=Radio Canada |date=2018-01-30 |title=Decade for People of African Descent recognized by Canada |url=https://www.rcinet.ca/en/2018/01/30/black-racism-inequality-research-prime-minister/ |access-date=2020-01-27 |website=RCI {{!}} English |language=en-US}}</ref> Da alama shi ne jami'in gwamnati na farko a Arewacin Amurka da ya bayyana a hukumance cewa gwamnatinsa za ta goyi bayan wannan shiri. A cikin 2018, gwamnatin Kanada "ta ba da gudummawar dala miliyan 9 a cikin shekaru uku don Ma'aikatar Al'adun Kanada don haɓaka tallafin al'ummomin gida ga matasa Baƙar fata na Kanada da dala miliyan 10 sama da shekaru biyar ga Hukumar Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a ta Kanada don haɓaka bincike don tallafawa ƙarin shirye-shiryen kiwon lafiyar hankali na al'ada a cikin al'ummomin Baƙar fata na Kanada, don jimlar $ 19 miliyan". <ref name="Heritage"/> A cikin 2019, gwamnatin Kanada ta yi alƙawarin samar da ƙarin "$ 25 miliyan a cikin shekaru biyar don Aiki da Ƙwarewar Kanada don ayyuka da taimakon babban birnin don bikin, raba ilimi da haɓaka iya aiki a cikin al'ummomin Baƙar fata Kanada". <ref name="Heritage" /> Da alama gwamnatin Kanada ita ce gwamnatin yammacin duniya ta farko da ta zuba jarin dala miliyan da dama don inganta rayuwar mutane 'yan asalin Afirka a cikin gida. A cikin 2018, Bankin Kanada ya fitar da sabon bayanin dala 10 wanda ya nuna "hoton Viola Desmond, wata 'yar kasuwa ta Black Nova Scotian wacce ta kalubalanci bambancin launin fata a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na fim a New Glasgow, Nova Scotia, a cikin 1946". A cewar bankin na gidan yanar gizon Kanada Viola Desmond's "harka na kotu ya kasance abin sha'awa ga neman daidaiton launin fata a fadin Kanada. Labarin Viola wani bangare ne na tarin dindindin a gidan kayan tarihi na Kanada don 'yancin ɗan adam ". <ref>{{Cite web |title=Canada's Vertical $10 Note |url=https://www.bankofcanada.ca/banknotes/vertical10/ |access-date=2020-02-13 |website=www.bankofcanada.ca |language=en-US}}</ref> "Aikin rashin amincewa da Viola ya faru ne shekaru tara kafin Parks ta ki barin kujerarta a cikin motar Alabama". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Burnett |first=Lonnie A. |date=2017 |title=Damn Yankees! Demonization and Defiance in the Confederate South by George C. Rable |journal=Alabama Review |volume=70 |issue=1 |pages=88–91 |doi=10.1353/ala.2017.0005 |issn=2166-9961 |s2cid=159672979}}</ref> A ƙarshen Janairu 2020, Kanada Post ta fitar da tambari don tunawa da League Hockey League, <ref name="nhl.com">{{Cite web |last=Douglas |first=William |date=2020-01-27 |title=Color of Hockey: Canada Post stamp celebrates Black History Month |url=https://www.nhl.com/news/canada-post-honors-maritimes-colored-hockey-championship/c-314288360 |access-date=2020-02-13 |website=NHL.com |language=en-US}}</ref> wanda aka kafa shekaru 22 kafin National Hockey League (NHL). <ref name="nhl.com" /> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nova Scotia Roots {{!}} Birthplace of Hockey |url=https://www.birthplaceofhockey.com/hockeyists/african-n-s-teams/segr-integr/ |access-date=2020-02-13 |website=www.birthplaceofhockey.com}}</ref> "Tambarin ya ƙunshi hotunan 'yan wasa daga Ƙwallon Hockey mai launi wanda ya yi aiki daga 1895 zuwa 1930s kuma ya jera sunayen wasu ƙungiyoyin - Jubilies, Stanleys, Eurekas, Sea-Sides, Rangers, Royals da Moss Backs ... wadanda yawancin su 'ya'ya ne da jikoki na bayin Amurka da suka tsere daga Kanada." === Costa Rica === A ranar 24 ga Janairu, 2020, Gwamnatin Jamhuriyar Costa Rica tare da haɗin gwiwar UNESCO, ta fara bikin Ranar Al'adu ta Afirka da 'Yan Asalin Afirka ta Duniya. === Ghana === A watan Satumba 2018, Shugaban kasar Ghana [[Nana Akufo-Addo]] ya kaddamar da "Shekarar Komowa, Ghana 2019". Manufar wannan yunƙuri ita ce ƙarfafa mutanen zuriyar Afirka su ziyarci Ghana domin su zauna da saka jari a ƙasar da nahiyar gaba ɗaya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.yearofreturn.com/about/|title=About Year Of Return, Ghana 2019 – Year Of Return|language=en|access-date=2020-01-27}}</ref> Manyan shahararrun mutane da suka haɗa da Idris Elba, Boris Kodjoe, Naomi Campbell, Steve Harvey, Cardi B, T.I., Ludacris, Akon, Rosario Dawson, Diggy Simmons, Jidenna da Nicole Ari Parker sun ziyarci Ghana yayin bikin Essence Full Circle Festival a 2019. Wannan yunƙurin ya ƙara yawan yawon bude ido, inda Ghana ta fitar da biza 800,000 a 2019 ga baƙi daga Amurka, Turai da sauran ƙasashen Afirka.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://africanarguments.org/2019/12/19/ghana-year-of-return-politics-of-exclusion/|title=We need to talk about Ghana's Year of Return and its politics of exclusion|date=2019-12-19|first=Kwabena Agyare |last=Yeboah|website=African Arguments|language=en-GB|access-date=2020-01-27}}</ref> === Jamaica === A shekarar 2019, Firayim Ministan Jamaica Andrew Holness ya kaddamar da bikin Shekaru Goma na Duniya ga Mutanen Zuriyar Afirka a Kingston, Jamaica.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/article/20200120/ARTICLE/200129962/1373|title=Jamaica Observer Limited|website=Jamaica Observer|access-date=2020-02-13}}</ref> === Mexico === A 2015, ƙididdigar yawan jama'ar Mexico ta nuna cewa mutane miliyan 1.38, wanda ke wakiltar kusan kashi 1.2% na jama'ar ƙasar, sun bayyana kansu a matsayin 'yan asalin Afirka.<ref name="Campoy">{{Cite web|url=https://qz.com/569964/mexico-has-started-counting-its-afro-mexican-population/|title=Mexico has started counting its Afro-Mexican population|last=Campoy|first=Ana|website=Quartz|language=en|date= 2015-12-10|access-date=2020-01-27}}</ref> Kodayake wannan ba ya cikin ayyukan hukumomin Mexico dangane da Shekaru Goma na Duniya ga Mutanen Zuriyar Afirka, yana da muhimmanci saboda shine karon farko da aka bayar da damar da Afro-Mexico su bayyana kansu a ƙididdiga.<ref name="Campoy"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://remezcla.com/culture/afro-mexicans-identified-on-mexico-census-first-time/|title=1.38 Million Afro-Descendants Are Identified on the Mexican Census for the First Time|first=Yara |last=Simón|date=2015-12-10|website=Remezcla|language=en-US|access-date=2020-01-27}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://comptonherald.org/perspective-census-2020-north-south-of-border/|title=Perspective: Census 2020 north, south of border|last1=Fellows|first1=Jarrette Jr.|date=2020-01-15|website=Compton Herald|language=en-US|access-date=2020-02-13|archive-date=2020-02-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200213024610/https://comptonherald.org/perspective-census-2020-north-south-of-border/|url-status=dead}}</ref> === United States === A 2015, MDD ta fara bukin Shekaru Goma na Duniya ga Mutanen Zuriyar Afirka ta hanyar bayyana "Wurin tunawa na dindindin ga waɗanda suka mutu saboda bauta da cinikin bayi na Tekun Atlantika" a ranar 25 Maris, a Hedikwatar MDD a Birnin New York. Wurin tunawa, wanda aka kira ''The Ark of Return'' an ƙera shi ne ta ɗan asalin Haiti-America, Rodney Leon, wanda ya ƙera ''African Burial Ground National Monument'' ma.<ref name="UNESCO26Mar2015">{{cite web|title=Unveiling of the Permanent Memorial to Honour the Victims of Slavery and the Transatlantic Slave Trade at the United Nations|url=https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/unveiling-permanent-memorial-honour-victims-slavery-and-transatlantic-slave-trade-united-nations|website=UNESCO.org|access-date= 2022-10-12|date= 2015-03-26}}</ref> Kodayake wannan aiki yana cikin Amurka, aikin MDD ne ba na gwamnatin Amurka ba. === United Kingdom === Har yanzu, gwamnatin Birtaniya ba ta da wani shiri na musamman don bikin Shekaru Goma na Duniya ga Mutanen Zuriyar Afirka. Amsar hukumarta tana komawa ga manufofin yaki da wariya na doka, ba tare da kiran sunan Afirka ko mutanen zuriyar Afirka da ke zaune a kasar ba. ==Kafafen Sada Zumunta== A karon farko a watan Disamba 2019, mata biyar masu asalin Afirka—Toni-Ann Singh (Miss World), Zozibini Tunzi (Miss Universe), Cheslie Kryst (Miss USA), Kaliegh Garris (Miss Teen USA), da Nia Franklin (Miss America)—sun rike manyan kambuna guda biyar na gasannin kyau na duniya a lokaci guda.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://time.com/5750388/black-women-hold-five-beauty-pageant-titles/|title=With Miss Jamaica's Miss World Win, Black Women Now Hold Five of The World's Biggest Beauty Pageant Titles|website=Time|first=Tara|last=Law|date=2019-12-15|language=en|access-date=2020-01-27|archive-date=2019-12-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191217225551/https://time.com/5750388/black-women-hold-five-beauty-pageant-titles/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/five-black-women-now-hold-the-top-pageant-crowns/|title=Historic win: 5 black women now hold the top pageant crowns|website=www.cbsnews.com|language=en-US|first=Chevaz|last=Clarke|date=2019-12-16|access-date=2020-01-27}}</ref><ref name="flare.com">{{Cite web|url=https://www.flare.com/news/5-black-beauty-pageant-winners/|title=The World's 5 Major Beauty Queens Are All Black and It's About Time|website=www.flare.com|first=Alicia|last=Lue|date=2019-12-20|access-date=2020-01-27|archive-date=2020-01-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200127215107/https://www.flare.com/news/5-black-beauty-pageant-winners/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Abin lura, Zozibini Tunzi daga Afirka ta Kudu "ita ce mace ta farko mai bakar fata sosai da ta sanya kambu tare da gajeriyar gashi na dabi'a wanda ba a gyara ba".<ref name="flare.com"/><!--<ref>{{Citation|title=Zozibini Tunzi|date=2020-01-27|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zozibini_Tunzi&oldid=937810345|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2020-01-27}}</ref>--><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/newsbeat-50712666|title=I proudly state my name Zozibini Tunzi - Miss Universe 2019!|date=2019-12-09|work=BBC News|access-date=2020-01-27|language=en-GB}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist|2}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] hsup2gfmbi2wbx3z1gb4521z8j1qe34 0 105121 829954 657443 2026-05-05T09:05:24Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829954 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}}[[Fayil:Smen_msemmen.jpg|thumb|Smen (hagu) tare da [[M'semen|Msemmen]] (dama).]] '''''Smen''''' (daga Larabci: wanda kuma ake kira jan, semn, ''semneh'', ko sminn) mai gishiri ne, mai yisti na asalin abinci na Arewacin Afirka (Aljeriya, Morocco da Tunisia <ref>{{Cite thesis |title=Smen/Dhan, beurre fermenté traditionnel |url=http://depot.umc.edu.dz/handle/123456789/13649 |publisher=Université Frères Mentouri - Constantine 1 |date=2022-06-09 |degree=Thesis |language=fr |first=Rania |last=Boussekine |access-date=2025-07-09 |archive-date=2023-01-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230120135027/http://depot.umc.edu.dz/handle/123456789/13649 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Fatima-Zohra |first=Bouayed |url=https://www.amazon.co.uk/cuisine-alg%C3%A9rienne-Bouayed-Fatima-Zohra/dp/B0099RJDZ8 |title=La cuisine algérienne |date= |publisher=Temps Actuels}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=E. B |last2=Camps |first2=G. |last3=Morel |first3=J.-P. |last4=Hanoteau |first4=G. |last5=Letourneux |first5=A. |last6=Nouschi |first6=A. |last7=Fery |first7=R. |last8=Demoulin |first8=F. |last9=Chamla |first9=M.-C. |last10=Louis |first10=A. |last11=Ben Tanfous |first11=A. |last12=Ben Baaziz |first12=S. |last13=Soussi |first13=L. |last14=Champault |first14=D. |last15=Gast |first15=M. |date=1986-09-01 |title=Alimentation |url=https://journals.openedition.org/encyclopedieberbere/2436 |journal=Encyclopédie berbère |language=fr |issue=4 |pages=472–529 |doi=10.4000/encyclopedieberbere.2436 |issn=1015-7344 |doi-access=free}}</ref>), da kuma abincin gargajiya na Yemen. A [[Yemen]], 'yan Yemen suna shirya wani nau'i na musamman na ''semneh'' (سمنة) wanda ake shan sigari tare da ganye masu ƙanshi a cikin gourd don ba da ɗanɗano mai zurfi da taimako wajen adanawa. Koyaya, smen kuma muhimmiyar sinadarai ce a cikin Abincin Gabas ta Tsakiya da abincin [[Abincin Maghrebi|Arewacin Afirka]]. Ana samar da shi ta amfani da [[man shanu]] da aka yi daga [[madara]] [[Rago|tumaki]], [[Akwiya|awaki]] ko haɗuwa da su biyu. Ana kawo man shanu zuwa Wurin tafasa na kimanin minti 15, sannan a cire shi, a shafa shi cikin kwalba mai suna ''[[Khabia]]'', kuma a gishiri kafin ya yi curdles. Wasu suna da shi a matsayin al'ada don ƙara tsaba na fenugreek da aka gasa zuwa man shanu mai tafasa, bayan haka ana shayar da shi daga tsaba na Fenugreek. Sau da yawa ana ƙara Thyme a ciki don samar da yisti da enzyme farawa. Ana iya amfani da wasu shuke-shuke ko 'ya'yan itatuwa. Sakamakon ya tsufa, sau da yawa a cikin akwati da aka rufe. Sa'an nan kuma ana binne shi a cikin ƙasa don dalilai na kwanciyar hankali na zafin jiki, kamar yadda aka bar cuku ya girma a cikin koguna saboda suna da sanyi da kuma yanayin zafi. Yana kama da [[ghee]] da niter kibbeh, amma yana da halayyar karfi, rancid, da dandano da ƙanshi. Smen masu girma suna da kama da dandano ga cuku mai launin shudi saboda nau'in cuku ne mai kitse. Da ya fi tsufa, ya fi karfi - kuma ya fi daraja - ya zama. Ana amfani da Smen a al'adance galibi a cikin shirye-shiryen [[couscous]] da trid, da kuma [[Tajine|tagines]] da [[Kdra|kdras]], kodayake ya zama da wuya a samu saboda karuwar maye gurbin [[Man gyaɗa|man shanu]], wani abu na abinci wanda ba na asali ba wanda aka gabatar daga Senegal da sauran ƙasashen Yammacin Afirka. Smen da aka yi a lokacin hunturu an yi imanin sun fi ƙanshi fiye da waɗanda aka yi a zamanin zafi. A cikin yanayin zafi na yau da kullun, kusa da zafin jiki inda man shanu ya zama ruwa, smen yana girma sosai sannu a hankali. A cikin yanayin zafi, ana ɗaukar wata ɗaya a matsayin lokacin da ya dace don fara amfani da smen a cikin dafa abinci, kodayake dandano ba zai kasance mai ƙarfi ba. A cikin yanayi mai zafi, kamar a cikin ƙasashen equatorial, yana iya ɗaukar watanni huɗu don haɓaka adadin dandano. Smen yana da muhimmancin al'adu, musamman a matsayin alamar dukiyar iyali. Saboda haka ana amfani da shi sau da yawa a matsayin alamar girmamawa ga baƙi masu daraja ga gida, kamar al'adun wasu al'adu kamar amfani da "kyakkyawan china" ko ba da ruwan inabi mai daraja. == Al'adun yankin == Manoma [[Abzinawa|Berber]] a kudancin [[Moroko|Maroko]] wani lokacin za su binne wani jirgi mai rufewa a ranar haihuwar 'yar, suna tsufa har sai an tono shi kuma an yi amfani da shi don ɗanɗano abincin da aka ba da shi a bikin auren' yarinyar.<ref>*{{cite book|last=Badiḥi|first=Yiḥya|title=Ḥen Ṭov|editor=Yosef Ḥen |date=2011|publisher=Nosaḥ Teman|location=Bene Berak |page=206 (responsum no. 48–beth)|language=he |oclc=768305430}}</ref> A [[Yemen]], al'adar yankin ita ce a sha sabon man shanu kuma a kara ruwan zafi yayin da madara ko whey har yanzu an gauraye shi da man shanu. Ana ɗaukar wannan cakuda kuma a saka shi a cikin wani akwati daban inda aka kawo shi cikin tafasa. Nan da nan bayan haka, sun ɗauki ko dai garin alkama ko gasa da kuma gurasar tsaba na fenugreek da aka gauraya da ƙwayoyin alkama da aka gasa, kuma sun dafa su tare a kan zafi mai zafi. An ba da izinin cin abinci. Bayan haka, ana shafa man shanu har sai an bar daya tare da wani tsari mai narkewa (smen). Ana adana smen a cikin akwati mai hayaki a wuri mai sanyi.<ref>*{{cite book|last=Badiḥi|first=Yiḥya|title=Ḥen Ṭov|editor=Yosef Ḥen |date=2011|publisher=Nosaḥ Teman|location=Bene Berak |page=206 (responsum no. 48–beth)|language=he |oclc=768305430}}</ref> == Dubi kuma == * Man shanu mai haske * [[Ghee]] * Kayan madara * Jerin abincin Afirka == Manazarta == bqoag26x13u7y5d1w14b004040qivyz 0 107121 829804 818022 2026-05-05T03:49:10Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829804 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:United_Nations_1975_Postage_Stamp_-_International_Women's_Year.png|thumb|1975 Stamp na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya don tunawa da Shekarar Mata ta Duniya]] '''Shekarar Mata ta Duniya''' ('''IWY''') shine sunan da [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] ta ba da 1975. Tun daga wannan shekarar an yi bikin Maris 8 a matsayin [[Ranar mata ta duniya|Ranar Mata ta Duniya]], kuma an kafa Shekaru goma na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya don Mata, daga 1976 zuwa 1985, an kuma kafa su.<ref>{{Cite web |title=International Women's Day |url=https://www.un.org/en/events/womensday/2010/history.shtml |website=UN.org |publisher=[[United Nations]]}}</ref><ref name="choike1453">{{Cite web |title=1st World Conference on Women, Mexico 1975 |url=http://www.choike.org/nuevo_eng/informes/1453.html |access-date=15 July 2007 |website=Choike, [[Third World Institute]] |archive-date=10 June 2004 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040610085928/http://www.choike.org/nuevo_eng/informes/1453.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Tarihi == Ya fara ne a Birnin New York a ranar 8 ga Maris, 1857, lokacin da ma'aikatan masana'antu mata suka yi tafiya don nuna rashin amincewa da yanayin aiki mara adalci da rashin daidaito ga mata. Yana daya daga cikin yajin aiki na farko da mata masu aiki suka shirya, a lokacin da suka yi kira ga gajeren rana ta aiki da albashi mai kyau. Bayan shekaru na aiki da Hukumar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Matsayin Mata (CSW) ta yi don karɓar wata sanarwa don kawar da nuna bambanci ga mata, a cikin 1965, CSW ta fara aiki da gaske don samun izinin sanarwar don tabbatar da haƙƙin ɗan adam na mata. Da yake tattara martani da ya shafi ilimi, aiki, gado, sake fasalin hukunci, da sauran batutuwa, daga 'yan wasan gwamnati, wakilan NGO da ma'aikatan Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, wakilan CSW sun tsara sanarwar kawar da nuna bambanci ga mata (DEDAW), wanda Babban Taron ya zartar a ranar 7 ga Nuwamba 1967.{{Sfn|Fraser|1999}} Da zarar an sami goyon baya don sanarwar, mataki na gaba shine shirya shi don zama Yarjejeniya. Kodayake akwai jinkiri, a shekara ta 1972, lokacin da Majalisa ta Amurka ta zartar da Title IX, ta kawar da nuna bambanci a ilimi ga kowane ma'aikatar da ke karɓar kudaden tarayya, fatan cewa za a iya samun hanyar.{{Sfn|Fraser|1999}} A halin yanzu, mambobin Ƙungiyar Demokradiyyar Mata ta Duniya (WIDF) sun daɗe suna matsawa don shekara ta mata ta duniya da kuma taron don magance rashin daidaito na mata. Kamar yadda aka sanya WIDF a matsayin mai kallo kuma ba memba na CSW ba, ba za su iya ba da shawarar taron kai tsaye ba amma sun tsara wani tsari. Da yake shawo kan wakilin [[Romainiya|Romanian]] na CSW don gabatar da shawarwarinsu, Finland ta goyi bayan hakan. Hakanan, CSW ta amince da shawarar kuma ta gabatar da ita ga Babban Taron, wanda ya ayyana 1975 a matsayin Shekarar Mata ta Duniya a ranar 18 ga Disamba 1972. {{Sfn|Armstrong|2013}} Ranar ta kasance mai mahimmanci saboda za ta faru a ranar cika shekaru talatin da aka kafa Majalisar Dinkin Duniya.{{Sfn|"Background of the Conference"|1976}} Akwai kalubale, duk da haka, wajen shirya taron. Da farko, matan Soviet sun ki amincewa da kiran taron kuma sun hana tattaunawar, sun fi son karbar bakuncin taron su a Gabashin Berlin wanda ba zai kasance ƙarƙashin tsarin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ba.{{Sfn|Ghodsee|2010}}{{Sfn|Friedan|1998}} A matsayin wani ɓangare na siyasar [[Cold War|Yaƙin Cold]], Amurka ta ba da shawarar cewa taron ba a iyakance shi ga mata ba, amma ya kamata ya zama tsaka-tsaki na jinsi, saboda ba za a dauki taron mata da muhimmanci ba.{{Sfn|Teltsch|1974}} A ƙarshe, Mexico City ta amince da karɓar bakuncin taron, kuma CSW ta shirya ayyukan don shirya "na'urar" da ake buƙata don tabbatar da wucewar DEDAW.{{Sfn|Friedan|1998}} [[Helvi Sipilä]], an zaba ta a matsayin Mataimakin Sakatare Janar na Ci gaban Jama'a da Harkokin Jama'a kuma an sanya ta a matsayin mai kula da shirya abubuwan da suka faru na shekara.{{Sfn|Fraser|1999}} == Kasashen Duniya == === Birnin Mexico === An gudanar da taron farko na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Mata a [[Mexico (birni)|Birnin Mexico]] daga 19 ga Yuni zuwa 2 ga Yuli. <ref name="choike1453" /> Fiye da wakilai dubu ne suka halarta. Shahararrun masu halarta sun hada da [[Elizabeth Anne Reid|Elizabeth Reid]] da Margaret Whitlam na Ostiraliya.<ref name="naa-fs237">{{Cite web |title=International Women's Year, 1975 |url=http://www.naa.gov.au/fSheets/fs237.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070610130940/http://www.naa.gov.au/fsheets/fs237.html |archive-date=June 10, 2007 |access-date=15 July 2007 |website=[[National Archives of Australia]]}}</ref> Kwamitin taron ya shirya taron na kasa da kasa kuma mata 4,000 ne suka halarta a shekarar 1975. <ref name="choike1453"/> Taron 1975 ya haifar da karɓar Shirin Ayyuka na Duniya, da kuma sanarwar Mexico kan Daidaitawar Mata da Gudummawarsu ga Ci Gaban da Zaman Lafiya.{{Sfn|Ghodsee|2010}} Ya haifar da kafa hanyoyin sa ido kamar, Cibiyar Bincike da Horarwa ta Duniya don Ci gaban Mata (INSTRAW) da Asusun Ci gaban Mata na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (UNIFEM) kuma ya fara shirye-shiryen motsi don taron biyo baya, wanda za a gudanar da na farko a 1980 a [[Kwapanhagan|Copenhagen]]. Taron ya kuma kafa lokacin 1975 zuwa 1985 a matsayin Shekaru goma na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya don Mata, don ba da damar kimanta ci gaba da gazawar kuma ya haifar da yin kira ga Yarjejeniyar kan kawar da Dukkanin Nuna Bambanci ga Mata (CEDAW) da sauri.{{Sfn|Pietilä|2007}}{{Sfn|"Background of the Conference"|1976}} Taron na uku na 1985 a [[Nairobi]], [[Kenya]], ba wai kawai ya rufe shekaru goma na mata ba amma ya kafa jerin jadawalin membobin jihohi don cire nuna bambancin jinsi a cikin dokokin ƙasa a shekara ta 2000.<ref>Mary K. Meyer, Elisabeth Prügl. Gender politics in global governance. Rowman & Littlefield, 1999, {{ISBN|978-0-8476-9161-6}}, pp. 178–181.</ref><ref>Anne Winslow. Women, politics, and the United Nations Volume 151 of Contributions in women's studies. Greenwood Publishing Group, 1995 {{ISBN|978-0-313-29522-5}}, pp. 29–43.</ref><ref>Chadwick F. Alger. The future of the United Nations system: potential for the twenty-first century. United Nations University Press, 1998 {{ISBN|978-92-808-0973-2}}, pp. 252–254.</ref> === Gabashin Berlin === An gudanar da taron mata na duniya a Gabashin Berlin a matsayin wani ɓangare na IWY jim kadan bayan taron Mexico City. Ya tsara daidaito na mata a matsayin "gaskiya na ra'ayin gurguzu na haƙƙin ɗan adam".{{Sfn|Donert|2014}} Kungiyar Aiki kan Hakkin Daidaitawa, wanda ya kunshi masana kan gwamnati da doka daga [[East German Academy of Sciences|Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Gabashin Jamus]], [[Humboldt University of Berlin|Jami'ar Humboldt]] da [[Socialist Unity Party of Germany|Kwamitin Tsakiya na Jam'iyyar Socialist United]] Party sun ki amincewa da ra'ayin cewa ya kamata 'yancin mata su fada ƙarƙashin wani yanki daban wanda aka tsara ta hanyar jinsi, amma a maimakon haka ya kamata matsayin 'yancin Dan Adam na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya mallake shi.{{Sfn|Donert|2014}} [[Angela Davis]] na ɗaya daga cikin manyan baƙi a taron, kamar yadda [[Hortensia Bussi de Allende|Hortensia Bussi na Allende]], tsohuwar Uwargidan Shugaban Chile.{{Sfn|Donert|2014}} Shirin da jihar ke tallafawa ya ba da shawarar hadin kan mata a cikin gwagwarmayar kasa don 'yantar da mata daga zalunci bisa ga aji, kabilanci da jinsi ta hanyar zamantakewar jihar{{Sfn|Donert|2014}} == Sakamakon == A sakamakon mayar da hankali ga mata a duniya a 1975, an kafa cibiyoyi da yawa: * Cibiyar Bincike da Horarwa ta Duniya don Ci gaban Mata (INSTRAW) * Asusun Ci Gaban Majalisar Dinkin Duniya don Mata (UNIFEM) * An kafa Cibiyar Nazarin Mata a Kudancin Australia a watan Yuli.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 May 2007 |title=Women's Movement page 6 |url=http://www.samemory.sa.gov.au/site/page.cfm?u=677 |access-date=15 July 2007 |website=[[South Australia|SM]] Memory, [[State Library of South Australia]]}}</ref> == Alamar == Har ila yau, IWY ta ƙaddamar da alamar "tove" da IWY, CEDAW, da UNIFIL suka yi amfani da ita. Wani kurciya mai salo wanda alama ta mace da alamar daidai ta haɗu, alamar ta ba da gudummawa ta kamfanin talla na New York City mai shekaru 27 mai suna Valerie Pettis. Ya kasance alama ce ta hukuma ta Mata na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kuma ana amfani da shi a bukukuwan [[Ranar mata ta duniya|Ranar Mata ta Duniya]] har zuwa yau. == Dubi kuma == * Taron Mata na Kasa * Mata na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya * Gyaran Gine-gine na Daidaita Jima'i * NGO CSW/NY * Ƙaddamarwar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya 3010 * Kwamitin Tsaro na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya 1325 * Cibiyar Nazarin Kasa da Kasa ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da Horarwa don Ci gaban Mata * Asusun Ci Gaban Majalisar Dinkin Duniya don Mata * [[Haƙƙoƙin Mata|'Yancin mata]] * [[Sanarwar kan kawar da nuna bambanci ga mata]] * Sanarwar kan kawar da tashin hankali a kan mata * EGM: rigakafin cin zarafin mata da 'yan mata * Shirin Aiwatar da Duniya don Ƙarshen Rikicin Mata da 'Yan Mata * Yarjejeniyar hanawa da yaki da tashin hankali a kan mata da tashin hankali na gida * CEDAW == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Ƴancin Ɗan Adam]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 778q7j384u7a25xx6mvc8unii39ql4y 0 107236 829896 828971 2026-05-05T05:20:50Z Em-mustapha 6594 Em-mustapha moved page [['Haggin Dan Adam a Isra'ila]] to [[Haƙƙin ɗan adam a Isra'ila]] without leaving a redirect 828971 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} An bayyana Isra'ila a cikin Sanarwar cewa 'yancin kai a matsayin "jaha ta Yahudawa" <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Avalon Project : Declaration of Israel's Independence 1948 |url=http://avalon.law.yale.edu/20th_century/israel.asp |access-date=22 July 2010 |publisher=Avalon.law.yale.edu}}</ref> - an karɓi ma'anar doka "Jiha ta Yahudawa da dimokuradiyya" a shekara ta 1985. Baya ga yawancin Yahudawa a yankin ban da [[Ƙasar Falasɗinu|Yankunan Palasdinawa]] da aka mamaye, Isra'ila gida ce ga 'yan tsiraru na addini da kabilanci, wasu daga cikinsu suna ba da rahoton nuna bambanci. A cikin yankunan Palasdinawa, Gwamnatocin Isra'ila da suka biyo baya sun fuskanci zargi na kasa da kasa daga wasu ƙasashe da kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam na kasa da na cikin gida.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-01 |title=Israel's apartheid against Palestinians |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/campaigns/2022/02/israels-system-of-apartheid/ |access-date=2024-01-10 |website=[[Amnesty International]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Shakir |first=Omar |date=2021-04-27 |title=A Threshold Crossed |url=https://www.hrw.org/report/2021/04/27/threshold-crossed/israeli-authorities-and-crimes-apartheid-and-persecution |journal=[[Human Rights Watch]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Apartheid |url=https://www.btselem.org/topic/apartheid |access-date=2024-01-10 |website=[[B'Tselem]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=ארכיון Settler Violence |url=https://www.yesh-din.org/en/category/settler-violence/ |access-date=2024-01-10 |website=[[Yesh Din]] |language=en-US}}</ref> Ɗaya daga cikin Dokokin Ƙananan na Isra'ila, wanda aka nufa don zama tushen kundin tsarin mulki na gaba, Dokokin Ƙarshen: Darajar Dan Adam da 'Yanci, babban kayan aiki ne don kare haƙƙin ɗan adam da' yancin jama'a a Jihar Isra'ila.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gavison |first=Ruth |year=1985 |title=The Controversy over Israel's Bill of Rights |journal=Israel Yearbook of Human Rights |volume=15 |pages=113–154}}</ref> Koyaya, Majalisar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da kungiyar kare hakkin dan adam ta Isra'ila Adalah sun nuna cewa wannan dokar ba ta ƙunshi tanadi na gaba ɗaya don daidaito da rashin nuna bambanci.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Inequality Report: The Palestinian Arab Minority in Israel - Adalah |url=https://www.adalah.org/en/content/view/7404 |access-date=2024-01-12 |website=www.adalah.org |language=en}}</ref> Kungiyoyin kare hakkin bil'adama na kasa da kasa, tare da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, da ma'aikatar harkokin wajen Amurka, sun bayar da rahoton take hakkin bil'adama da kasar Isra'ila ke yi, musamman kan wasu tsiraru. Wadannan rahotanni sun hada da take hakkokin Falasdinawa, na ciki da wajen Isra'ila da kuma wasu kungiyoyi a Isra'ila. Freedom House ya bayyana Isra'ila a matsayin 'yanci na siyasa da dimokuradiyya fiye da kasashe makwabta a Gabas ta Tsakiya.<ref name="jpost.com">{{Cite web |date=21 January 2013 |title=US watchdog: Israel is Mideast's only 'free' state |url=https://www.jpost.com/National-News/US-watchdog-Israel-is-Mideasts-only-free-state |access-date=21 August 2018 |website=[[The Jerusalem Post]]}}</ref> Bisa rahoton da Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka ta fitar na shekarar 2015 kan ayyukan kare hakkin bil'adama, Isra'ila na fuskantar manyan matsalolin kare hakkin bil'adama game da nuna wariya ga hukumomi a kan al'ummar Larabawa na Isra'ila (da yawa daga cikinsu suna bayyana kansu a matsayin Falasdinu), 'yan Isra'ila da mata na Habasha, da kuma kula da 'yan gudun hijira da kuma bakin haure. Sauran matsalolin haƙƙin ɗan adam sun haɗa da nuna wariyar hukuma ga Yahudawa waɗanda ba 'yan Orthodox ba da kuma iyalai masu aure, da cin zarafin ma'aikata a kan ma'aikatan kasashen waje. == Tarihi == Majalisar Tarayyar Al'ummai ta amince da ƙuduri a ranar 4 ga watan Satumba shekarar 1931 game da yanayin da ake buƙata kafin a kawo ƙarshen mulkin. Sabuwar gwamnati ta samar da wata sanarwa ta baki ko rubuce-rubuce da ta amince da karɓar wajibin tabbatar da daidaito na kabilanci da addinai. Wannan ƙuduri ya biyo bayan tsohuwar doka ta duniya a lokuta inda manyan iko suka taimaka wajen maido da ikon mallakar yankin. Ƙudurin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan "Gwamnatin Falasdinu ta nan gaba" ya ƙunshi duka shirin rabuwa da Shirin Kare Ƙananan . Ya sanya 'yan tsiraru, mata, da' yancin addini a ƙarƙashin kariya na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da Kotun Shari'a ta Duniya. Shirin ya ba da takamaiman tabbacin haƙƙin ɗan adam na asali. Sabbin jihohin sun samar da sanarwa, wanda bisa ga abin da ya gabata ya yi daidai da yarjejeniya.<ref>See International Human Rights in Context, Henry J. Steiner, Philip Alston, Ryan Goodman, Oxford University Press US, 2008, {{ISBN|0-19-927942-X}}, page 100</ref> Kudin ya bayyana cewa "ka'idojin da ke cikin sanarwar an gane su a matsayin manyan dokoki na Jiha, kuma babu wata doka, ka'ida ko aikin hukuma da za su saba wa ko tsoma baki da waɗannan ka'idojin, kuma babu wani doka, ka-idaita ko aikin hukumi da zai mamaye su".<ref>{{Cite web |title=United Nations General Assembly Resolution 181, November 29, 1947, C. Declarations |url=http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/un/res181.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061029150108/http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/un/res181.htm |archive-date=29 October 2006 |access-date=22 July 2010 |publisher=Yale.edu}}</ref> Sanarwar kafa kasar Isra'ila ta yi shelar, a ranar 14 ga watan Mayu shekarar 1948, cewa "haƙƙin Yahudawa na sake haifuwa na ƙasa a cikin ƙasarta" an amince da shi a cikin sanarwar Balfour na 2 ga watan Nuwamba shekarar 1917, kuma an sake tabbatar da shi a cikin Umurnin Ƙungiyar Ƙasashen Duniya wanda, musamman, ya ba da izini na kasa da kasa da Isra'ila ga Isra'ila da Isra'ila. hakkin Yahudawa na sake gina Gidansa na Ƙasa." Har ila yau, ta ayyana cewa kasar "za ta kasance a bude don hijirar Yahudawa da kuma tattara 'yan gudun hijirar; za ta bunkasa ci gaban kasar don amfanin dukan mazaunanta; za ta kasance bisa 'yanci, adalci da zaman lafiya kamar yadda annabawan Isra'ila suka tsara; za ta tabbatar da cikakken daidaito na zamantakewa da 'yancin siyasa ga dukan mazaunanta ba tare da la'akari da addini, addini ko jinsi ba; za ta ba da tabbaci ga harshe, yanci ko jinsi; kiyaye Wurare Mai Tsarki na dukan addinai; kuma zai kasance da aminci ga ƙa'idodin Yarjejeniya ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya." Wasu malaman Burtaniya suna jayayya cewa Isra'ila ba ta cika wajibinta na kare haƙƙin 'yan tsiraru ba.<ref>Yvonne Schmidt, "Foundations of Civil and Political Rights in Israel and the Occupied Territories", GRIN Verlag, 2008, {{ISBN|3-638-94450-6}}, page 98</ref> Asalin Dokar Isra'ila: Mutuncin Dan Adam da 'Yanci, ya ce muhimman haƙƙoƙin ɗan adam a Isra'ila za a kiyaye su bisa ga ƙa'idodin da aka tsara a cikin sanarwar, amma ta keɓance musamman dokar da ta riga ta fara aiki. Masana harkokin shari'a na Isra'ila sun ce an yi amfani da kalmomin dokar ne don guje wa wahalar ba da fifiko ga daidaito, wanda ba a san shi ba. Sakamakon shi ne cewa za a iya jujjuya ƙa'idar daidaito ta hanyar doka ta yau da kullun, kuma ba za ta yi watsi da ka'idodin doka ko na alƙalai ba. == Matsayi na 'yanci,' yancin siyasa da' yancin jama'a a Isra'ila == === 'Yancin zama ɗan ƙasa === Dokar kasa ta Isra'ila da Dokar Komawa, sun bambanta tsakanin Yahudawa Isra'ilawa da Falasdinawa Isra'ilawa ta hanyar sabunta ra'ayi na kasa yahudawa da ke bambanta da zama dan kasar Isra'ila. Duk da take, Dokar Ƙasa ba ta kafa ra'ayin ɗan ƙasar Isra'ila ba, a maimakon haka tana danganta ɗan ƙasa da alaƙar addini. Dokar Kasa ta ba da izinin Palasdinawa su zama 'yan ƙasar Isra'ila ne kawai idan sun kasance (ko kuma zuriyar waɗanda ke wurin) a Isra'ila tsakanin shekarar 1948 da shekarar 1952. Wadannan ƙuntatawa sun cire duk waɗanda aka kore su ko waɗanda suka gudu tsakanin Disamba shekarar 1947 da watan Maris shekarar 1949 da zuriyarsu. Dokar Komawa ta tabbatar da haƙƙin kowane [[Yahudawa|Bayahude]] ya yi ƙaura zuwa Isra'ila kuma ya zama ɗan ƙasar Isra'ila ta atomatik. Falasdinawa da zuriyarsu waɗanda aka kore su ko suka gudu tsakanin Disamba shekarar 1947 da watan Maris shekarar 1949 an hana su wannan haƙƙin.<ref name=":2"/> Dokar zama dan kasa da shiga cikin Isra'ila (2003) ta hana Falasdinawa daga yankunan Falasdinawa da aka mamaye 'yancin samun matsayin zama na Isra'ila ko zama dan kasa, ko da a lokuta da suka yi aure da 'yan Isra'ila. Wannan haramcin ya ta'allaka ne kan dan kasa ba kan wani lamari na tsaro ba.<ref name=":2"/> A ranar 28 ga watan Yuli, shekarar 2008, Knesset ta amince da Dokar zama ɗan ƙasa (gyara Lamba 9) (Ikon soke zama ɗan ƙasa) (2008), wanda ke ba da damar soke zama ɗan ƙasar Isra'ila bisa ga "cin amana". Musamman ma, keta amana na iya haɗawa da aikin zama a wasu ƙasashen Larabawa ko musulmi ko yankin Gaza. Wannan doka ta halatta soke zama ɗan ƙasa a kan haka ba tare da an yanke masa hukunci ba.<ref name=":2"/> === Hakki da 'yanci da kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu suka yi === Binciken da Freedom House mai hedkwata a Amurka ya gudanar a shekara ta 2013, wanda ke kokarin auna irin dimokuradiyya da 'yancin siyasa a kowace kasa, ya sanya Isra'ila tare da Tunisiya a matsayin kasa daya tilo da ke da 'yanci a Gabas ta Tsakiya da Arewacin Afirka.<ref name="jpost.com"/> {| class="wikitable" |+'''Rarrabawar Isra'ila, da yankunan da ta mamaye, ta Freedom House, The Economist Intelligence Unit da Transparency International''' |- style="text-align:center;" !Kasar / Ƙungiya - NGO ! colspan="3" |Gidan 'Yanci ! colspan="2" |Sashin leken asiri na tattalin arziki !Bayyanawa ta Duniya |- !Rahoton-Ranking ! colspan="3" |'Yanci a Duniya ! colspan="2" |Lissafin Dimokuradiyya !Rashin fahimta na cin hanci da rashawa |- ! !Rarraba 'yanci, Wani bangare na 'yanci<br /><small>'<span style="background:#99f; border:1px solid;">'Yanci'</span>, Wani ɓangare na' Yanci, <span style="background:#fcc; border:1px solid;">Ba 'Yanci ba</span></small> ![[Hakkokin Jama'a Da Na Siyasa|'Yancin siyasa]]<br /> ![[Ƴancin Jama'a|'Yancin Jama'a]]<br /> !Dimokuradiyya Rarraba Dimokuradiya Cikakken Dimokuradiyar, Dimokuradiyan da ba su da kyau, Tsarin Mulki<br /><small><span style="background:#99f; border:1px solid;">Cikakken dimokuradiyya</span>, <span style="background:#cfc; border:1px solid;">Dimokuradiyya mara kyau</span>, Tsarin Mulki na Hybrid, Tsarin Mulki<span style="background:#fcc; border:1px solid;">Tsarin mulki na mulkin mallaka</span></small> !Cikakken Sakamakon !Ra'ayoyin cin hanci da rashawa na siyasa<br /> |- style="text-align:center;" | style="text-align:left;" |Isra'ila | style="background:#99f;" |'Yanci' |1 |2 | style="background:#cfc;" |Dimokuradiyya mara kyau |7.79 |6.0 |- style="text-align:center;" | style="text-align:left;" |Yankunan da Isra'ila ta mamaye | style="background:#fcc;" |Ba 'Yanci ba |6 |6 |''N/A'' |''N/A'' |''N/A'' |} ; Bayani : * Ta hanyar Freedom House 2009 ratings.<ref>{{Cite web |year=2009 |title=Map of Freedom in the World |url=http://www.freedomhouse.org/template.cfm?page=363&year=2009 |access-date=6 September 2009 |publisher=[[Freedom House]]}}</ref> Ga 'yancin siyasa da' yancin jama'a, 1 yana wakiltar mafi kyawun kyauta kuma 7 mafi ƙarancin kyauta. * Bisa ga The Economist Intelligence Unit 2010 ratings.<ref>{{Cite web |year=2010 |title=Democracy Index 2010 |url=http://graphics.eiu.com/PDF/Democracy_Index_2010_web.pdf |access-date=2 December 2010}}</ref> Cikakken dimokuradiyya suna da jimlar 10 zuwa 8, dimokuradiyar da ba ta dace ba tana da jimlar 7.9 zuwa 6, gwamnatocin haɗin gwiwa suna da jimillar 5.9 zuwa 4, kuma gwamnatocin mulkin mallaka suna da jimla daga 3.9 zuwa 1. Matsayin dimokuradiyya ya fi girma yayin da ci ya karu. * Dangane da ƙididdigar cin hanci da rashawa ta duniya ta shekara-shekara, ci ya kasance daga 10 (mai tsabta) zuwa 0 (mai cin hanci).<ref>{{Cite web |year=2008 |title=2008 Corruption Perceptions Index |url=http://www.transparency.org/news_room/in_focus/2008/cpi2008/cpi_2008_table |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090311002755/http://www.transparency.org/news_room/in_focus/2008/cpi2008/cpi_2008_table |archive-date=11 March 2009 |access-date=6 September 2009 |website=Transparency International Annual Report |publisher=[[Transparency International]]}}</ref> 'Yan ƙasar Isra'ila da kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam sun soki gwamnatin Isra'ila saboda kai hari ga kungiyoyin farar hula da masu fafutukar kare hakkin dan Adam a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. A cewar kungiyar kare hakkin jama'a a Isra'ila (ACRI), babbar kungiyar 'yancin jama'a ta Isra'ila, jerin kokarin gwamnatin Isra'ila a cikin 'yan shekarun nan sun kai hari kan kungiyoyin fararen hula na Isra'ila da Kotun Koli na Isra'ila. Rahoton ACRI na Disamba 2017 ya gabatar da abin da yake kallo a matsayin misalan harin da gwamnatin Isra'ila ta ci gaba da kai wa dimokuradiyyar Isra'ila, 'yancin ɗan adam, 'yancin yin zanga-zanga, mutunta kimar daidaici, da 'yancin siyasa, zamantakewa da 'yan tsiraru. Wannan yanayin a Isra'ila an kira shi "rashin bin tsarin mulki" ta wasu masu sharhi na shari'a. === Zaben, jam'iyyun siyasa, da wakilci === A cewar rahoton da Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka ta fitar a shekarar 2015 kan Isra'ila, "Dokar ta bai wa 'yan kasar damar zabar gwamnatinsu a zabukan lokaci-lokaci na 'yanci da adalci bisa tsarin zabe na bai daya, kuma 'yan kasar sun yi amfani da wannan damar." Zaɓen da aka gudanar a watan Maris ɗin shekarar 2015 an yi la'akari da shi cikin 'yanci da adalci a wurin masu sa ido. An soki sauyin da aka yi a matakin zabe da cewa ya takaita wakilcin kananan jam’iyyu, musamman ma da ke shafar tsirarun Larabawa. Wannan ya sa jam'iyyu hudu masu rinjaye na Larabawa suka hade waje daya, wato Joint List, wanda ya samu kujeru 13, ya kuma zama bangare na uku mafi girma a majalisar Knesset. Galibin Falasdinawa a yankunan da Isra'ila ta mamaye na rayuwa ne a karkashin mamayar Isra'ila kuma ba 'yan kasar Isra'ila ba ne. Ba a yarda su kada kuri'a a Isra'ila ba. Doka ta asali: Knesset (1958) da gyare-gyaren da suka biyo baya sun hana jerin jam'iyyun tsayawa takara a majalisar Knesset idan manufofinta ko ayyukanta sun hada da "kyau da wanzuwar kasar Isra'ila a matsayin kasar Yahudawa". Cibiyar shari'a ta Isra'ila Adalah ta bayyana cewa "wannan dokar ta hana yin amfani da 'yancin yin siyasa cikin 'yanci, ciki har da 'yancin fadin albarkacin baki da shiga siyasa. Ana amfani da ita sau da yawa don ƙoƙarin hana jam'iyyun siyasa na Larabawa da 'yan majalisar dokoki don neman canza yanayin kasa ta hanyar dimokuradiyya, alal misali, zuwa wata ƙasa da ta dogara da cikakken daidaito na farar hula da na kasa wanda ba ya ba da fifiko ga wata ƙungiya ta kasa fiye da ɗayan, har ma da toshe muhawara kan irin waɗannan shawarwari."<ref name=":2"/> Mata sun fuskanci manyan matsalolin al'adu a cikin jam'iyyun siyasa masu wakiltar ƙungiyoyin addini masu ra'ayin mazan jiya da kuma, a ƙaramin mataki, tsirarun Larabawa. A zaben 2015, Knesset mai mambobi 120 na da mambobi mata 29 da mambobi Larabawa 15. An nada mata uku a majalisar ministocin, kuma a karon farko, wata Balarabe Isra'ila ta jagoranci wani kwamiti na dindindin. === 'Yanci na addini === [[Fayil:Western_wall_jerusalem_night.jpg|left|thumb|Ganuwar Yamma, [[Jerusalem|Urushalima]]]] Bisa rahoton da Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka ta fitar a shekara ta 2009 kan Isra'ila da yankunan da ta mamaye, "Dokar Isra'ila ta Bada 'Yanci da Mutunci da 'Yanci ta tanadi 'yancin yin ibada kuma gabaɗaya Gwamnati na mutunta wannan hakki a aikace." Rahoton ya kara da cewa "Manufar gwamnati ta ci gaba da goyon bayan gudanar da harkokin addini na 'yanci, duk da cewa ana ci gaba da nuna wariya na gwamnati da na shari'a ga wadanda ba Yahudawa ba da kuma na addinin Yahudanci ba" kuma "Yahudawa da yawa 'yan kasar sun ki amincewa da ikon Orthodox na keɓance kan muhimman al'amuran rayuwarsu." Rahoton ya bayyana cewa kimanin ‘yan kasar 310,000 da suka yi hijira zuwa Isra’ila a karkashin dokar komowa, ba mabiya addinin Orthodoks ke daukar Yahudawa ba, don haka ba za a iya aure ko a sake su ba, ko kuma a binne su a makabartun Yahudawan da ke cikin kasar.<ref name="USDS2009">{{Cite report|last1=Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor}}</ref> Bayan samun iko da Yammacin Kogin a shekarar 1967, Isra'ila ta ba da tabbacin musulmi damar shiga masallatai, gami da [[Al-Aqsa]], da kuma damar Kirista zuwa majami'u. Isra'ila ta ba da kariya ga wuraren addini na addinan da ba na Yahudawa ba; mafi shahararren Sojojin Tsaro na Isra'ila (IDF) sun kama wani mutum wanda ya sanar da su shirinsa na kai hari Masallacin Al-Aqsa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 October 2006 |title=Police arrest J'lem rabbi who threatened to carry out terror attack on Temple Mount |url=http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/770846.html |access-date=6 March 2015 |website=Haaretz}}</ref> A wasu lokuta, bukukuwan kwanaki masu tsarki ta addinai daban-daban suna da damar haifar da rikici; don haka 'yan sanda na Isra'ila suna daukar matakai don kauce wa rikici tsakanin al'ummomi ta hanyar bayar da ƙuntatawa na wucin gadi kan motsi da bautar da ake ji. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 September 2006 |title=Restrictions on Old City Jews During Ramadan – Inside Israel – Israel News |url=http://www.israelnationalnews.com/news.php3?id=112595 |access-date=22 July 2010 |publisher=Arutz Sheva}}</ref> A cewar wani rahoto na shekara ta 2009 daga Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka, Ofishin Demokraɗiyya, 'Yancin Dan Adam, da Kwadago, Isra'ila ta gaza kasancewa al'umma mai juriya ko jam'i. A cewar rahoton, Isra'ila na nuna wariya ga Musulmai, Shaidun Jehobah, Yahudawa masu kawo sauyi, Kirista, mata da kuma Badawiyya. Dukkan wurare 137 masu tsarki da Isra'ila ta amince da su Yahudawa ne, suna yin watsi da kuma yin watsi da wuraren Kirista da na Musulmi, duk da Dokar Kare Wuraren Tsarkakewa ta 1967 da aka yi niyya don kare dukkan wurare masu tsarki.<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 February 2009 |title=2008 Human Rights Report: Israel and the occupied territories |url=https://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2008/nea/119117.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090226174854/http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2008/nea/119117.htm |archive-date=26 February 2009 |access-date=22 July 2010 |publisher=[[US Department of State]]}}</ref> [[Baha'i|Bangaskiyar Bahá'í]] (a cikin 1960) tana kula da wurin zama na hukumomin su, Gidan Shari'a na Duniya, a Haifa . <ref>{{Cite web |year=2006 |title=Baháʼí World Centre |url=http://www.bahai.org/dir/bwc |access-date=31 July 2006 |publisher=[[Baháʼí International Community]]}}</ref> [[Buddha|Addinin Buddha]] yana aiki a matsayin addini a Isra'ila.<ref>{{Cite web |year=2006 |title=Diamond Way Buddhism in Israel |url=http://www.buddhism.org.il/?newlang=english |access-date=1 August 2006 |publisher=Diamond Way Buddhism}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |year=2006 |title=Buddhanet's Middle East Buddhist Directory: Israel |url=http://www.buddhanet.net/africame/m_eastdir.htm#israel |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060627120448/http://www.buddhanet.net/africame/m_eastdir.htm |archive-date=27 June 2006 |access-date=1 August 2006 |publisher=Buddha Dharma Education Association}}</ref> Cibiyar Bincike ta Pew ta wallafa nazarin tashin hankali na zamantakewa ta ƙasa. Cibiyar Hostilities Index (SHI) tana auna ayyukan ƙiyayya ta addini ta mutane, ƙungiyoyi da ƙungiyoyin jama'a. "Wannan ya haɗa da taron jama'a ko tashin hankali na ɗarika, cin zarafi kan tufafi saboda dalilai na addini, da sauran tsoratar da addini ko cin zarafi. " A cikin shekarar 2007, Isra'ila tana ɗaya daga cikin ƙasashe 10 da ke da maki sama da 7.1 a sikelin 10; a cikin 2010, Isra'ila da yankunan Palasdinawa sun kasance biyu daga cikin yankuna 15 da ke da mafi girman ƙimar SHI.<ref name="pewforum.org" /> === Dokokin aure da saki === Ma'aurata da ke son yin aure na iya yin hakan ne kawai ta hanyar bikin addini, idan Yahudawa, [[Aure a Musulunci|Musulmi]], Kirista, ko wasu. Ma'aurata marasa addini, tun daga shekara ta 2014, na iya samun wani nau'in auren farar hula a Isra'ila, kuma su sami [[Relationships Card|Katin Dangantaka]] ta sabuwar kungiyar da ke canza matsayinsu ga ma'aurata, kuma suna ba su duk hakkokin da suka fito daga gare ta.<ref>{{Cite web |title=רשומות הכנסת, קובץ התקנות, 7326, הודעת ברית הזוגיות לחסרי דת (אגרות), התשע"ד-2014. עמוד 486. |url=http://www.justice.gov.il/NR/rdonlyres/97DAEDE3-9271-40E7-ADF9-4C91058FAF75/42863/7326.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=משפחה חדשה |url=http://www.news1.co.il/uploadFiles/543728053569794.pdf |access-date=28 September 2015 |publisher=News1.co.il}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=28 December 2014 |title=לראשונה: תעודת הזוגיות של "משפחה חדשה" הוכרה כנישואים |url=http://www.mako.co.il/pride-news/local/Article-bf5f377c4709a41006.htm |access-date=27 September 2015 |publisher=Mako.co.il}}</ref> Aure na doka na yau da kullun yana ba ma'aurata hakkoki iri ɗaya da ma'auratan ke morewa. 'Yan ƙasar Isra'ila na iya tafiya zuwa ƙasashen waje don auren farar hula, wanda ke da alhakin a ƙarƙashin dokar Isra'ila. A lokacin Al-Aqsa Intifada a shekara ta 2003, Knesset ta yi gyare-gyare na wucin gadi ga Dokar 'yan kasa da shiga cikin Dokar Isra'ila wanda ya hana Palasdinawa da suka yi aure ga Isra'ilawa samun'ila ko zama. Masu sukar suna jayayya cewa dokar wariyar launin fata ce saboda an yi niyya ne ga Larabawa na Isra'ila waɗanda ke da yiwuwar samun ma'aurata Palasdinawa fiye da sauran Isra'ilawa; masu kare sun ce dokar tana da niyyar hana hare-haren ta'addanci da kiyaye halin Yahudawa na Isra'ilawa. Kwamitin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan kawar da nuna bambanci tsakanin launin fata ya amince da ƙuduri cewa dokar Isra'ila ta keta yarjejeniyar kare hakkin dan adam ta duniya game da wariyar launin fata. Jakadan Isra'ila a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a Geneva, [[Yaakov Levy]], ya ce ƙudurin "ya kasance mai zurfi na siyasa", yana mai nuna rashin nasarar kwamitin na ba da buƙatar Isra'ila don gabatar da shaidar "biyan dokar da ke cikin dokar kasa da kasa da kuma aiki", misalai na "batutuwa masu yawa [inda] ba da matsayin doka ga matan Palasdinawa na mazaunan Isra'ila yi amfani da shi da mazaunan Palasdinawa don Ta'addanci na kashe kansa", da kuma watsi da gaskiyar cewa a lokacin ƙudurin Majalisar Dinkin Turai batun ya kasance a ƙarƙashin Babban Kotun Isra'ila.[was] Kungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama a Isra'ila (ACRI) ta shigar da takarda don a soke dokar amma Kotun Koli ta amince da ita a shekara ta 2006. A cikin tsara dokar, gwamnati ta ambaci, "bayanan da jami'an tsaro suka gabatar, wanda ya ce kungiyoyin ta'addanci suna ƙoƙarin tattara Palasdinawa waɗanda suka riga sun karɓi ko za su karɓi takardun Isra'ila kuma cewa jami'an tsaron suna da wahalar rarrabe tsakanin Palasdinawa da za su iya taimaka wa 'yan ta'adda da waɗanda ba za su ba". A cikin hukuncin Kotun Koli ta Isra'ila game da wannan al'amari, Mataimakin Babban Alkalin Shari'a Mishael Cheshin ya yi jayayya cewa, "yan ƙasar Isra'ila jin daɗin haƙƙin tsarin mulki don kawo ɗan ƙasar waje zuwa Isra'ila... kuma haƙƙin - ƙari, wajibi ne - na jihar, na kowace jiha, don kare mazaunanta daga waɗanda ke son cutar da su. " A shekara ta 2009, Ofishin Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje ta Amurka na Dimokuradiyya, 'Yancin Dan Adam da Ayyuka sun soki rashin auren farar hula da saki a Isra'ila ga baƙi waɗanda ba a dauke su Yahudawa a ƙarƙashin dokar rabbi ba.<ref name="USDS2009"/> Human rights activists have criticised Israel's stay of exit order, saying it unfairly targets divorced men by preventing them from leaving the country indefinitely until they settle the full child support arrears of their children until age 18. While this could easily amount to obligations in the millions of US dollars, even a US$100 debt can trigger a stay of exit.<ref>{{Cite web |title=CCF Israel Report of the Israeli Civil Society |url=https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/Treaties/CESCR/Shared%20Documents/ISR/INT_CESCR_ICO_ISR_33565_E.pdf |access-date=5 January 2022 |website=tbinternet.ohchr.org |publisher=ccfisrael.org |archive-date=6 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106020129/https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/Treaties/CESCR/Shared%20Documents/ISR/INT_CESCR_ICO_ISR_33565_E.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> The men are required to pay 100% or more of their income, and are jailed for 21 days each time they miss a monthly payment. In 2021, it was reported that an Australian man who was divorced from his Israeli wife was detained from leaving the country in 2013, with the stay of exit being in force until 31 December 9999, or until he paid $3 million in child support arrears. Marianne Azizi, British journalist and head of Coalition of the Children and Families in Israel (CCF), estimated that hundreds more Australians were trapped in the country as a result of the stay of exit. She had been informed by British Embassy officials in Tel Aviv that 100 British nationals per month had been reaching out to them for help in getting out of the country.<ref name="Australian" /> A watan Maris na 2019, Azizi ta ba da shaida a gaban kwamitin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Hakkokin Tattalin Arziki, zamantakewa da al'adu a Geneva game da take hakkin dan Adam da ta ci gaba da kasancewa sakamakon kai tsaye sakamakon ka'idojin tallafawa yara kanana a Isra'ila, tana mai cewa "... Rayuwar ubanni sama da 2,000 a kashe kansu yana da tsada". Ta ce Isra'ilawa ba sa bayar da rahoton take hakin bil'adama saboda tsoron "sakamako", kamar yadda wasu masu fafutuka suka kwace musu 'ya'yansu. Lauyan Mickey Givati, wanda ofishin jakadancin Burtaniya ya ba shi izinin taimakawa baki daga Isra'ila, ya shaida cewa an sanya na'urorin bin diddigin a cikin motarsa da gidansa da kuma wayarsa, kuma an ajiye 'ya'yansa a wani matsuguni ba bisa ka'ida ba. === Tsarin shari'a da shari'ar aikata laifuka === Dokar Isra'ila ta tanadi 'yancin yin shari'a ta gaskiya da kuma shari'a mai zaman kanta. Rahoton da Ma’aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka ta fitar a shekara ta 2005 game da Isra’ila ya nuna cewa a wasu lokuta kotuna suna yanke hukunci a kan bangaren zartarwa, ciki har da wasu shari’o’in tsaro. Kungiyoyin Kare Hakkokin Dan Adam sun yi imanin ana mutunta wadannan bukatu gaba daya. Tsarin yana da adawa kuma ƙwararrun alkalai ne ke yanke hukunci. Wadanda ake tuhuma marasa galihu suna samun wakilci na tilas. Wasu yankunan kasar na karkashin ikon shari'a daban-daban na kotunan soji. An yi imanin cewa waɗannan kotuna sun yi daidai da sauran kotunan laifuka na Isra'ila kan batutuwan da suka shafi fararen hula. Ba za a iya yanke hukunci a waɗannan kotuna bisa ikirari kaɗai ba. === Hukuncin kisa === A halin yanzu dai dokar Isra'ila ta ba da damar yanke hukuncin kisa kan manyan laifukan da aka aikata a lokacin yaki, amma an soke shi a lokacin zaman lafiya. Laifukan da ake aikatawa a lokacin yaƙi sun haɗa da kisan kiyashi, laifuffukan da ake yi wa Yahudawa, laifuffukan cin zarafin ɗan adam, da laifukan yaƙi. Mutum daya tilo da aka taba yankewa hukuncin kisa bayan an same shi da laifi a wata kotun farar hula ta Isra’ila shi ne mai laifin yakin Nazi Adolf Eichmann . === 'Yancin fursunoni === B'Tselem ta ruwaito cewa an yi ta azabtar da mutanen da ba a zarginsu da aikata laifuka, wadanda suka hada da malaman addini, shehunai da malaman addini, masu fafutuka a kungiyoyin agaji, da daliban Musulunci. Sauran da za a azabtar da su sun hada da ’yan’uwa da sauran dangin mutanen da aka lissafa a matsayin wadanda ake so da kuma duk wani Bafalasdine a cikin aikin injiniya. A wasu lokutan kuma, an kama matan da ake tsare da su tare da wulakanta su don kara matsa wa mazajensu. Jami’an ISA a wasu lokutan suna azabtar da Falasdinawa domin daukar su a matsayin masu hada kai.<ref name="btselem.org">{{Cite web |title=Background of the High Court of Justice's Decision |url=http://www.btselem.org/torture/background |access-date=6 March 2015}}</ref> B'Tselem ta kiyasta cewa ISA na yin tambayoyi tsakanin Falasdinawa 1,000 zuwa 1,500 a kowace shekara kuma tana amfani da hanyoyin da za su zama azabtarwa ga wasu kashi 85 cikin 100 na su, akalla mutane 850 a shekara.<ref name="btselem.org"/> [[Amnesty International]] ta kuma bayar da rahoton yin amfani da azabtarwa ga fursunonin Palasdinawa, tare da tsare-tsare, ba tare da shari'a ba.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Human rights in Israel and Occupied Palestinian Territories |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/location/middle-east-and-north-africa/israel-and-occupied-palestinian-territories/report-israel-and-occupied-palestinian-territories/ |access-date=2024-01-10 |website=Amnesty International |language=en}}</ref> Amnesty ta ruwaito cewa an tsare Palasdinawa sama da 2,200 daga yankin Yammacin da aka mamaye a watan farko na Yaƙin Gaza na shekarar 2023. Bayanai da rikodin bidiyo sun nuna azabtar da fursunoni, gami da mummunan duka da wulakanci ga fursunoni. Ta hanyar tilasta musu su sa kawunansu su kwanta, su durƙusa a ƙasa yayin ƙididdigar fursunoni<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-11-08 |title=Israel/OPT: Horrifying cases of torture and degrading treatment of Palestinian detainees amid spike in arbitrary arrests |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2023/11/israel-opt-horrifying-cases-of-torture-and-degrading-treatment-of-palestinian-detainees-amid-spike-in-arbitrary-arrests/ |access-date=2024-01-10 |website=Amnesty International |language=en}}</ref> Wani rahoto na shekara ta 1978 daga karamin ofishin jakadancin da ke birnin Kudus ya bayyana shari’ar sojan da aka yi wa wasu matasa ‘yan kasar Amurka guda biyu wadanda suka ba da rahoton cewa mahukuntan Isra’ila sun yi amfani da karfin tuwo wajen samun ikirari daga wajensu. Rahoton ya kammala da cewa hukumomin Isra'ila na sane da cewa mai yiwuwa an yi amfani da "tilastawa ta jiki da musgunawa" wajen samun ikirari. Hukumar Landau ta shekarar 1987, karkashin jagorancin mai shari'a Moshe Landau na Kotun Koli, an nada ta ne domin ta binciki hanyoyin tambayoyi na Hukumar Tsaron Isra'ila (ISA) kuma ta ce "ba za a iya guje wa yin matsananciyar matsin lamba ba". Duk da haka, hukumar ta yi Allah wadai da wata takarda ta cikin gida ta shekarar 1982 wadda ta umurci masu yin tambayoyi kan irin karyar da ya kamata su yi a kotu lokacin da suke musanta cewa za su yi amfani da karfin jiki wajen samun ikirari. Ta yi Allah-wadai da shedar karya da abin ya shafa amma ta ba da shawarar a guji hukunta wadanda suka aikata ta. Sashi na biyu na rahoton Landau ya kasance sirri ne, an yi imanin cewa yana ɗauke da ƙa'idodin hanyoyin tambayoyi da aka halatta.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Landau Commission examined interrogation methods |url=http://www.btselem.org/english/Torture/Background.asp |access-date=22 July 2010 |publisher=Btselem.org}}</ref> Hukumar Landau ta kai ga daruruwan korafe-korafe da Falasdinawa da ake tsare da su suka yi na korafin cewa an yi amfani da karfi a kansu a lokacin da ISA ke yi musu tambayoyi. A cikin keɓantattun shari'o'i, an ba da umarnin wucin gadi na ɗan lokaci da ke hana ISA amfani da duka ko wasu hanyoyin, amma a watan Satumba na 1999, Kotun Koli ta ƙi yanke hukunci ko suna da doka a ƙarƙashin dokokin Isra'ila da na duniya. A cikin 1994, Rahoton Kwanturolan Jiha (wanda aka fitar a taƙaitaccen tsari a cikin Fabrairu 2000) ya gano cewa hanyoyin tambayoyin ISA sun saba wa doka, ƙa'idodin Hukumar Landau, da ƙa'idodin cikin gida wanda sabis ɗin kansa ya tsara. A watan Yulin shekarar 2002, ''Haaretz'' ya nakalto wani babban jami'in ISA yana cewa, tun lokacin da Kotun Koli ta yanke shawara, an bayyana Falasdinawa 90 a matsayin "bamai masu saurin kai" da kuma "hanyar tambayoyi masu ban mamaki, "watau azabtarwa, an yi amfani da su.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ha'aretz quoted a senior GSS official |url=http://www.btselem.org/english/torture/ |access-date=22 July 2010 |publisher=Btselem.org}}</ref> Sauran masu tambayoyin Isra'ila sun yarda cewa ISA "tana amfani da duk wani magudi mai yiwuwa, har zuwa girgiza da bugawa. " Yawancin bayanan daga Falasdinawa sun tabbatar da cewa azabtarwa har yanzu yana cikin tambayoyin Israʼila. According to a 2011 report by two Israeli human rights organisations, the Public Committee Against Torture (PCAT) and Physicians for Human Rights (PHR), Israeli doctors fail to report suspected torture and conceal related information, allowing Israeli Security Agency interrogators to use torture against Palestinian detainees.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Harriet Sherwood |date=3 November 2011 |title=Israeli doctors 'failing to report torture of Palestinian detainees' |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/nov/03/israeli-doctors-report-torture-palestinian |access-date=6 March 2015 |website=The Guardian}}</ref> A watan Agustan shekara ta 2015, wata doka ta ba da izinin tilasta ciyar da fursunoni masu fama da yunwa. Koyaya, Ƙungiyar Likitoci ta Isra'ila ta bayyana dokar ba ta da kyau kuma ta bukaci likitoci da su ƙi aiwatar da ita. ==== Shirye-shiryen ilimi ==== Ana ba fursunoni damar ɗaukar darussan kan layi daga Open University of Israel, da kuma kammala digiri na ilimi. Wannan ba haƙƙin da aka ba shi ba ne amma fa'ida, dangane da halin kirki, tare da hukumomin kurkuku suna biyan kuɗin karatunsu na jami'a. Darussan suna cikin fannoni na: bil'adama, ilimin zamantakewa, tattalin arziki, gudanarwa, ilimin halayyar dan adam da kimiyyar siyasa.<ref name="knesset.gov.il">{{Cite web |last=Yaniv Ronen |date=28 November 2012 |title=לימודים אקדמיים של אסירים ביטחוניים |trans-title=Academic studies of security prisoners |url=https://www.knesset.gov.il/mmm/data/pdf/m03319.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150504160748/https://www.knesset.gov.il/mmm/data/pdf/m03319.pdf |archive-date=4 May 2015 |language=he}}</ref> Manufar ita ce ta ba fursunoni kayan aiki don magance rayuwa a waje, don haka bayan an sake su daga kurkuku za su sami ilimi mai dacewa don taimaka musu samun aiki, da kuma hana su komawa rayuwar aikata laifuka. ==== Fursunoni na siyasa ==== A cikin shekarar 2011, Sakatare Janar na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Ban Ki-Moon ya ce Isra'ila ta tsare dubban Palasdinawa a matsayin fursunonin siyasa, kuma ta yi kira ga Isra'ila da ta sake su. Ban ya ce sakin fursunonin siyasa zai "yi aiki a matsayin muhimmiyar hanyar gina amincewa" kuma ya bunkasa damar zaman lafiya a yankin.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 March 2011 |title=United Nations News Centre |url=https://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=37698&Cr=palestin&Cr1 |access-date=6 March 2015 |website=UN News Service Section}}</ref> Amnesty International ta yi kira ga Isra'ila da ta saki fursunonin siyasa, tana mai cewa "duk fursunonin siyasar da aka tsare ba tare da tuhuma ko shari'a ba ya kamata a yi musu shari'a a shari'a ko kuma a sake su nan da nan".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Press Releases |url=https://www.amnesty.org.uk/news_details.asp?NewsID=13419 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110603062041/http://amnesty.org.uk/news_details.asp?NewsID=13419 |archive-date=3 June 2011 |access-date=6 March 2015}}</ref> John Dugard ya kwatanta zaman kurkukun da Isra'ila ke yi wa Falasdinawa da manufofin wariyar launin fata a Afirka ta Kudu, yana mai cewa "'Yan sandan tsaron wariyar launin fata sun aiwatar da azabtarwa sosai, haka ma jami'an tsaron Isra'ila. Akwai fursunonin siyasa da dama a tsibirin Robben amma akwai karin fursunonin siyasa na Falasdinawa a gidajen kurkukun Isra'ila."<ref>{{Cite web |last=John Dugard |title=Apartheid and the occupation of Palestine |url=http://english.aljazeera.net/indepth/opinion/2011/11/201111395153781378.html |access-date=6 March 2015}}</ref> ===== Tsayar da gudanarwa ===== Tsayawa na gudanarwa hanya ce da ake tsare fursunoni ba tare da tuhuma ko shari'a ba. An ba da izinin hukunce-hukuncen ta hanyar umarnin gudanarwa daga Ma'aikatar Tsaro ta Isra'ila ko kwamandojin soja na Isra'ila. [[Amnesty International]] ta yi imanin cewa aikin ya karya Mataki na 9 na Yarjejeniyar Kasa da Kasa kan 'Yancin Bil'adama da Siyasa wanda "ya bayyana cewa babu wanda ya kamata a tsare shi da gangan kuma cewa hana 'yanci dole ne ya dogara da dalilai da hanyoyin da doka ta kafa". Amnesty International ta kuma damu da cewa fursunonin lamiri suna "tsare ne kawai don yin amfani da haƙƙinsu na 'yancin faɗar albarkacin baki da tarayya ba tare da tashin hankali ba".<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 April 1997 |title=Administrative detention: Despair, uncertainty and lack of due process |url=http://web.amnesty.org/library/Index/engMDE150031997?OpenDocument&of=COUNTRIES\ISRAEL\OCCUPIED+TERRITORIES |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060922021743/http://web.amnesty.org/library/Index/engMDE150031997?OpenDocument&of=COUNTRIES%5CISRAEL%5COCCUPIED%2BTERRITORIES |archive-date=22 September 2006 |publisher=[[Amnesty International]]}}</ref> A cewar B'Tselem a halin yanzu akwai Falasdinawa 645 da ke tsare a karkashin tsare-tsare ta Isra'ila da kuma 105 ta IDF. Yawancin ana kiyaye su a Yammacin Kogin Yamma a sansanin Soja na Ofer ko a sansanin soja na Ansar 3 / Ketziot a cikin hamadar Negev . <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 July 2006 |title=Administrative Detention |url=http://web.amnesty.org/pages/isr-action-detention |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060824195154/http://web.amnesty.org/pages/isr-action-detention |archive-date=24 August 2006 |publisher=[[Amnesty International]]}}</ref> ===== Shirye-shiryen ilimi a kurkuku don tsare-tsare ===== A shekara ta 2009, akwai fursunonin Palasdinawa 250 da ke karatu a Jami'ar Isra'ila. A watan Yunin shekarar 2011, Firayim Minista Benjamin Netanyahu ya sanar, don mayar da martani ga dakatar da tattaunawar zaman lafiya, cewa ba za a ba fursunonin Palasdinawa damar neman digiri na ilimi a kurkuku ba.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Barak Ravid |date=23 June 2011 |title=Netanyahu: Israel to toughen conditions of Palestinian prisoners |url=http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/netanyahu-israel-to-toughen-conditions-of-palestinian-prisoners-1.369269 |access-date=16 May 2012 |website=Haaretz}}</ref> A ƙarshen shekara ta 2012, fursunoni uku sun daukaka kara ga Kotun Koli ta Isra'ila, wanda ya ki amincewa da roko. A cikin hukunce-hukuncen su, alƙalai sun bayyana cewa haƙƙin samun ilimi na jami'a kyauta bai shafi waɗanda aka yanke musu hukunci na laifuffukan ta'addanci ba. Hukuncin, duk da haka, ya yi kira ga hukumomin kurkuku da su "yi la'akari" da yanke shawara game da shari'o'in fursunoni da suka riga sun kasance a tsakiyar shirye-shiryen ilimi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 December 2012 |title=Court: End of Free College for Terrorists |url=http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/163549 |access-date=24 March 2014 |publisher=Arutz Sheva}}</ref> === 'Yanci na magana da kafofin watsa labarai === [[Fayil:Israeli_Press_1949.jpg|thumb|Sashe na jaridu na Isra'ila a cikin 1949.]] Censorship a Isra'ila ana gudanar da shi ne a hukumance ta hanyar Censor na Sojojin Isra'ila, wani sashi a cikin gwamnatin Isra'ila wanda aka ba shi aiki a hukumance don aiwatar da censorship na kariya game da buga bayanan da zasu iya shafar tsaro Isra'ila. Babban mai binciken Isra'ila ne ke jagorantar hukumar, jami'in soja wanda Ministan Tsaro na Isra'ila ya nada, wanda ya ba Babban mai binciken ikon hana bayanan da ya ga ya dace da kasancewa a cikin kafofin watsa labarai, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Aluf Benn |date=July–August 2001 |title=Israel: Censoring the past |url=http://www.bsos.umd.edu/pgsd/people/staffpubs/Avner-BASreport7-01.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090619213158/http://www.bsos.umd.edu/pgsd/people/staffpubs/Avner-BASreport7-01.htm |archive-date=June 19, 2009 |access-date=31 December 2009 |website=Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, College of Behavioral and Social Sciences |publisher=University of Maryland}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=P.R. Kumaraswamy |date=September 1998 |title=India and Israel: Evolving Strategic Partnership |url=http://www.biu.ac.il/Besa/publications/40pub.html |access-date=31 December 2009 |website=Mideast Security and Policy Studies |publisher=Begin-Sadat Center for Strategic Studies}}</ref> kamar Shirin [[makaman nukiliya]] na Isra'ilawa da ayyukan soja na Isra'il a waje da iyakokinta. A matsakaici, labaran jarida 2240 a Isra'ila suna tantancewa ta hanyar Censor na Sojojin Isra'ila a kowace shekara, kusan 240 daga cikinsu a cikakke, kuma kusan 2000 a wani ɓangare.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 June 2021 |title=נתונים חדשים חושפים טפח מאחורי הקלעים של יחסי הצנזורה הצבאית והעיתונות הישראלית |url=https://www.the7eye.org.il/419412 |access-date=2022-11-11 |website=העין השביעית |language=he-IL}}</ref> Dole ne a gabatar da labarai game da batutuwan da za su iya kawo rigima ga Mai binciken Sojojin Isra'ila a gaba; rashin yin hakan na iya sa mai ba da rahoto ya rasa damarsa na aiki a matsayin ɗan jarida a Isra'ila kuma, game da manema labarai na ƙasashen waje, a hana shi daga ƙasar. <ref name="BBCsorry">{{Cite web |date=March 12, 2005 |title=BBC says sorry to Israel |url=http://www.theguardian.com/media/2005/mar/12/israel.broadcasting |website=the Guardian}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Matar |first=Haggai |date=2020-03-09 |title=IDF censor redacted two thousand news items in 2019 |url=https://www.972mag.com/idf-censor-israeli-media-2019/ |access-date=2021-03-04 |website=+972 Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=12 July 2018 |title=IDF Military Censor banned nearly 300 articles last year |url=https://www.jpost.com/international/idf-military-censor-banned-nearly-300-articles-last-year-562318 |access-date=2021-03-04 |website=The Jerusalem Post |language=en-US}}</ref> A cewar rahoton da Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka ta fitar a shekara ta 2005 kan Isra'ila, "doka ta tanadi 'yancin fadin albarkacin baki da 'yan jarida, kuma gaba daya gwamnati na mutunta wadannan hakkoki a aikace idan aka yi la'akari da takunkumin da ya shafi tsaro." Dokar ta tanadi 'yancin yin taro da ƙungiyoyi, kuma gabaɗaya gwamnati na mutunta waɗannan haƙƙoƙin a aikace. Wasu jami'an gwamnati da wasu na sukar 'yancin fadin albarkacin baki da Isra'ila ke da shi a lokacin da suke gudun hijira daga [[zirin Gaza]] da yammacin kogin Jordan. Wannan ya haifar da sukar da ake cewa "Hukumomi sun dauki matakan da ba su dace ba, tare da cin zarafin 'yancin fadin albarkacin baki da zanga-zangar siyasa ba tare da wani dalili ba."<ref name="acri">{{Cite web |year=2005 |title=ACRI Report Slashes Civil Rights Abuses and Privatization |url=http://www.acri.org.il/english-acri/engine/story.asp?id=245 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060622145646/http://www.acri.org.il/english-acri/engine/story.asp?id=245 |archive-date=22 June 2006 |access-date=28 July 2006 |website=Annual Report on Israel |publisher=The Association for Civil Rights in Israel}}</ref> A cikin Isra'ila, manufofin gwamnatinta suna fuskantar zargi daga manema labarai da kuma kungiyoyi daban-daban na siyasa, haƙƙin ɗan adam da masu sa ido, wadanda suka hada da Kungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama a Isra'ila (ACRI), B'Tselem, Machsom Watch, Mata a cikin Baƙar fata da Mata don Isra'ila Gobe. A cewar kungiyar 'yancin' yan jarida Reporters Without Borders, "Kafofin yada labarai na Isra'ila sun sake kasancewa a cikin shekarar 2005 wadanda kawai ke da' yancin gaske don yin magana. " <ref>{{Cite web |year=2006 |title=Israel – Annual report 2006 |url=http://www.rsf.org/article.php3?id_article=17231&Valider=OK |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930181318/http://www.rsf.org/article.php3?id_article=17231&Valider=OK |archive-date=30 September 2007 |access-date=12 August 2006 |publisher=[[Reporters Without Borders]]}}</ref> Koyaya, a cikin 2010, kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam da ke aiki a Isra'ila suka koka game da mummunan yanayi a kasar, kuma sun ce suna fuskantar hari saboda sukar manufofin Isra'ila. Kungiyoyin sun ce wasu shugabannin Isra'ila suna ganin zargi da kare hakkin dan adam a matsayin barazana ga halattacciyar Isra'ila, musamman bayan Zargin laifukan yaki da sojojin Isra'ila game da Yakin Gaza (2008-09). A shekara ta 2009, Isra'ila ta kasance ta 93 a cikin Reporters Without Borders Press Freedom Index, daga shekarar da ta gabata.<ref>{{Cite web |year=2009 |title=Reporters Without Borders – Press Freedom Index 2009 |url=http://www.rsf.org/en-classement1003-2009.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091022183400/http://www.rsf.org/en-classement1003-2009.html |archive-date=22 October 2009 |access-date=24 January 2010 |publisher=[[Reporters Without Borders]]}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2013, Isra'ila ta sauka zuwa 112 daga cikin kasashe 179 a cikin Freedom Index na jarida. 'Yan jarida ba tare da iyaka ba sun bayyana cewa canjin ya faru ne saboda ayyukan Isra'ila a cikin Operation Pillar of Defense lokacin da ta ce "Sojojin Tsaro na Isra'ila da gangan sun kai hari kan' yan jarida da gine-gine inda kafofin watsa labarai da ke da alaƙa da Hamas ke da mahalli". Har ila yau, kungiyar ta soki kama 'yan jarida na Palasdinawa da kuma tantancewar soja. Freedom House ta sanya Isra'ila a matsayin mai yanayin kafofin watsa labarai na "Sashi na 'yanci" a cikin shekara ta 2009. A baya, Isra'ila ita ce kadai kasar da ke cikin yankin da ke da kafofin watsa labarai na "Free".<ref>{{Cite web |year=2009 |title=Press Freedom Rankings by Region 2009 |url=http://www.freedomhouse.org/template.cfm?page=251&year=2009 |access-date=24 January 2010 |publisher=[[Freedom House]]}}</ref> ) A cikin shekarar 2023, Isra'ila da kanta, ba tare da haɗa Gaza Strip ko Gabashin Urushalima ba, an jera su a matsayin "Free", yayin da Gaza Strip da West Bank suka kasance "Ba Free ba". <ref>{{Cite web |title=Israel: Freedom in the World 2023 Country Report |url=https://freedomhouse.org/country/israel/freedom-world/2023 |website=Freedom House |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Gaza Strip: Freedom in the World 2023 Country Report |url=https://freedomhouse.org/country/gaza-strip/freedom-world/2023 |website=Freedom House |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=West Bank: Freedom in the World 2023 Country Report |url=https://freedomhouse.org/country/west-bank/freedom-world/2023 |website=Freedom House |language=en}}</ref> A shekara ta 2003, hukumar fim din Isra'ila ta haramta nuna fim din kasuwanci game da [[Jenin]]_(2002)" id="mwAxM" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Battle of Jenin (2002)">Yaƙin Jenin na 2002. Fim din, ''Jenin, Jenin'' ne, tarin ganawa ne da mazaunan sansanin 'yan gudun hijira na Jenin da aka yi fim a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2002, mako guda bayan yakin. Mohammad Bakri, Larabawa na Isra'ila, ya jagoranci fim din. An dakatar da fim din ne saboda zargin da ake yi na [[Laifin Yaƙi|Laifukan yaki]] da Sojojin Isra'ila suka aikata, wanda hukumar ta yi la'akari da karya da cutar da iyalan sojoji. Bayan shari'ar shari'a, an shigar da takarda a Kotun Koli ta Isra'ila, wanda ya soke shawarar hukumar, kuma ya ba da izinin nuna fim din a cikin fina-finai "don jama'a su yanke shawara", yayin da yake lura cewa fim din "cike da ƙarya", ba fim ba ne, kuma an yi shi "ba tare da bangaskiya ba", ta hanyar ƙarya yana nuna sojojin Isra'ila a matsayin "mafi munin masu aikata laifuka". A watan Janairun 2011, majalisar dokokin Isra'ila ta amince da wani kuduri na hannun dama na binciken wasu sanannun kungiyoyin kare hakkin bil'adama na Isra'ila saboda "lalata" sojojinta. Binciken zai haifar da bincike kan tallafin kungiyoyin kare hakkin bil'adama da dama wadanda suka soki manufofin Isra'ila. Kungiyar kare hakkin jama'a a Isra'ila ta bayyana matakin a matsayin "mummunan rauni" ga demokradiyyar Isra'ila, kuma masu sukar manufofin sun yi wa manufar "McCarthyist". A cikin shekara ta 2015, Kotun Koli ta Isra'ila ta amince da manyan tanadi na dokar da ke haifar da sakamako ga waɗanda ke kira ga kauracewa Isra'ila da yankunan da aka mamaye. Hukuncin ya haifar da muhawara, tare da wasu nuna rashin amincewa da shi yana kawo karshen 'yancin magana yayin da wasu ke cewa yana tabbatar da matsayin Isra'ila kan "tsarin lalacewar BDS" (Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions movement). Kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam na Isra'ila sun yi korafi game da dokar, suna mai cewa ta keta 'yancin faɗar albarkacin baki. Magoya bayan dokar sun ce ta haramta " nuna bambanci bisa ga yanayin ƙasa". "Don cire kiran kauracewa daga rukunin 'yancin magana ba daidai ba ne", in ji Rabbi David Rosenn, mataimakin shugaban zartarwa na New Israel Fund (NIF). "Babu wani bangare na daban don magana wanda ke siyasa. Magana mafi mahimmanci shine siyasa, kuma ya kamata mutane su sami damar bayyana ra'ayoyinsu ba tare da tsoron takunkumin gwamnati ba. " Dokar ta ba 'yan sanda damar iyakance tunzura ga tashin hankali ko kalaman ƙiyayya kuma ta haramta kiran mutane "Nazis" ko "fascists". Dokar Rigakafin Ta'addanci ta hana bayyana goyon bayan kungiyar da ake ganin ta sabawa doka ko ta'addanci. On 24 November 2024, Israel's government ordered a boycott of the newspaper ''Haaretz'' by government officials and anyone working for a government-funded body, and banned government advertising with the newspaper. According to ''[[The Guardian]]'', ''Haaretz'' "had published a series of investigations of wrongdoing or abuses by senior officials and the armed forces, and has long been in the crosshairs of the current government."<ref name=":3" /> A cikin shekarar 2023, wani rahoto daga Kwamitin Kare 'Yan Jarida ya nuna cewa Isra'ila ta kasance ta shida mafi girma a duniya don kama' yan jarida.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Israeli arrests of Palestinian journalists soared in 2023: CPJ |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/1/18/israeli-arrests-of-palestinian-journalists-soared-in-2023-cpj |access-date=19 January 2024 |website=Al Jazeera}}</ref> A lokacin Yaƙin Gaza, Falasdinawa sun bayyana cin zarafin soja a kan sakonnin kafofin sada zumunta.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Molana-Allen |first=Leila |title=Palestinians describe harassment from Israeli forces over social media posts during war |url=https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/palestinians-describe-harassment-from-israeli-forces-over-social-media-posts-during-war |access-date=8 June 2024 |website=PBS}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2024, Kwamitin Kare 'Yan Jarida ya sanya Isra'ila a matsayin ƙasa ta biyu mafi muni a duniya don ba da damar masu kisan 'yan jarida su tafi ba tare da hukunta su ba.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Scott |first=Liam |title=Haiti, Israel ranked worst for securing justice in journalist killings |url=https://www.voanews.com/a/haiti-israel-ranked-worst-for-securing-justice-in-journalist-killings/7845113.html |access-date=1 November 2024 |website=Voice of America}}</ref> ; 'Yan Jarida Ba tare da iyakoki ba Kungiyar Reporters Without Borders ta fitar da rahoto na shekara-shekara kan 'yancin 'yan jarida a duniya, mai suna Index na 'Yancin Jarida. An fara buga irin wannan na farko a shekara ta 2002. Sakamakon da Isra'ila da Hukumar Falasdinawa ta samu daga 2002 zuwa yau an nuna su a ƙasa, tare da ƙananan lambobi suna nuna kyakkyawar kulawa ga 'yan jarida: {| class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto;" !Shekara !Isra'ila (Yankin Isra'ila) !Isra'ila (na waje) !Hukumomin Palasdinawa !Mafi munin Shekara !Rahoton URL |- |2002 |92 |Ba a bayyana ba |82 |139 |<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 July 2010 |title=Reporters Sans Frontières |url=http://www.rsf.org/article.php3?id_article=4116 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090219213848/http://www.rsf.org/article.php3?id_article=4116 |archive-date=19 February 2009 |access-date=22 July 2010 |publisher=Reports Without Borders}}</ref> |- |2003 |44 |146 |130 |166 |<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 July 2010 |title=Reporters Sans Frontières |url=http://www.rsf.org/article.php3?id_article=8247 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090219213853/http://www.rsf.org/article.php3?id_article=8247 |archive-date=19 February 2009 |access-date=22 July 2010 |publisher=Reports Without Borders}}</ref> |- |2004 |36 |115 |127 |167 |<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 July 2010 |title=Reporters Sans Frontières |url=http://www.rsf.org/article.php3?id_article=11715 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081220042227/http://www.rsf.org/article.php3?id_article=11715 |archive-date=20 December 2008 |access-date=22 July 2010 |publisher=Reports Without Borders}}</ref> |- |2005 |47 |Ba a bayyana ba |132 |167 |<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 July 2010 |title=Reporters Sans Frontières |url=http://www.rsf.org/article.php3?id_article=15331 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090429110315/http://www.rsf.org/article.php3?id_article=15331 |archive-date=29 April 2009 |access-date=22 July 2010 |publisher=Reports Without Borders}}</ref> |- |2006 |50 |135 |134 |168 |<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 July 2010 |title=Reporters Sans Frontières |url=http://www.rsf.org/article.php3?id_article=19388 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090604161952/http://www.rsf.org/article.php3?id_article=19388 |archive-date=4 June 2009 |access-date=22 July 2010 |publisher=Reports Without Borders}}</ref> |- |2007 |44 |103 |158 |169 |<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 July 2010 |title=Reporters Sans Frontières |url=http://www.rsf.org/article.php3?id_article=24025 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090421060910/http://www.rsf.org/article.php3?id_article=24025 |archive-date=21 April 2009 |access-date=22 July 2010 |publisher=Reports Without Borders}}</ref> |- |2008 |46 |149 |163 |173 |<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 July 2010 |title=Reporters Sans Frontières |url=http://www.rsf.org/en-classement794-2008.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090607100340/http://www.rsf.org/en-classement794-2008.html |archive-date=7 June 2009 |access-date=22 July 2010 |publisher=Reports Without Borders}}</ref> |- |2009 |93 |150 |161 |175 |<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 July 2010 |title=Reporters Sans Frontières |url=http://www.rsf.org/en-classement1003-2009.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091022183400/http://www.rsf.org/en-classement1003-2009.html |archive-date=22 October 2009 |access-date=22 July 2010 |publisher=Reports Without Borders}}</ref> |} == Hakkin sirri == A cewar wani rahoto na Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka a shekara ta 2005 game da Isra'ila, "[l] aws da ka'idoji sun tanadi kariya ga sirrin mutum da na gida. A cikin shari'o'in laifuka doka ta ba da izinin sauraron waya a karkashin umarnin kotu; a lokuta na tsaro dole ne ma'aikatar tsaro ta ba da oda." == 'Yancin mata == Aure da saki suna karkashin ikon kotuna na addini ne, wanda a aikace yake haifar da tsangwama ga mata a cikin wadannan bangarori na shari'a.<ref name=":0"/> Isra'ila ta zartar da dokar da ta ba da kariya ga mata daga tashin hankalin gida. A shekarar 2022, mata 24 abokan aikinsu ko wasu ‘yan uwansu ne a cewar ‘yan sandan Isra’ila, inda aka ce an kashe mata 69 a Isra’ila a tsakanin shekarar 2020 zuwa watan Agusta shekarar 2022. 40 daga cikin wadannan matan Palasdinawa ne, fiye da rabin wadannan shari’o’in ‘yan sanda ba su warware ba. Akasin haka, an warware shari’ar kowacce daga cikin kisan gilla 29 na matan Yahudawa da Isra’ilawa.<ref name=":0"/> Isra'ila ta tabbatar da Yarjejeniyar kan kawar da dukkan nau'ikan nuna bambanci ga mata. Mata a Isra'ila ba koyaushe aka tabbatar da daidaiton jinsi a bayyane ba. Kodayake sanarwar 'yancin kai ta Isra'ila ta bayyana cewa "Jam'iyyar Isra'ila [...] za ta tabbatar da cikakken daidaito na' yancin zamantakewa da siyasa ga dukkan mazaunanta ba tare da la'akari da addini ba, launin fata ko jima'i," wannan ji ba a ba da ikon tsarin mulki ba.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1948 |title=The Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel |url=https://www.gov.il/en/departments/general/declaration-of-establishment-state-of-israel |access-date=January 29, 2024}}</ref> Koyaya, kotunan Isra'ila, a tsawon lokaci, sun bayyana cewa daidaito tsakanin jinsi shine "ka'idar tsarin shari'a" a Isra'ila، kuma mata sun ga mafi yawan shiga cikin rayuwar jama'a ta Isra'ila.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 July 2021 |title=Equality, Religion and Gender in Israel |url=https://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/equality-religion-and-gender-in-israel |access-date=2024-01-29 |website=Jewish Women's Archive |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 July 2021 |title=Israel Women's Network |url=https://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/israel-womens-network |access-date=2024-01-29 |website=Jewish Women's Archive |language=en}}</ref> A shekarar 1969, Isra'ila ta zabi Golda Meir a matsayin firaminista kuma ta zama kasa ta hudu da mace ke rike da irin wannan mukami. A shekara ta 2010, wakilan majalisar mata a Isra'ila ya kai kashi 18 cikin 100, wanda ya zarce na kasashen Larabawa da kashi 6 cikin 100, daidai da na majalisar dokokin Amurka, kuma ya yi kasa da matsakaicin kashi 40 cikin 100 na kasashen Scandinavia. Majalisar dokokin Isra'ila, The Knesset, ta kafa kwamitin kula da matsayin mata don magance 'yancin mata. Makasudin da aka bayyana na wannan kwamiti shine hana wariya, yaki da cin zarafin mata, da inganta daidaito a harkokin siyasa, abubuwan rayuwa da ilimi. A cikin 1998, Knesset ta zartar da wata doka don "Rigaka da Cin Duri da Jima'i". Wani rahoto na shekarar 2009 na Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka ya ambaci matsalolin auren jama'a, agunot ('mata masu sarka) ba za su iya saki ba tare da izinin miji ba), da kuma hidimar addu'o'in jinsin jinsi a bangon Yamma.<ref name="USDS2009"/> Ana haɓaka haƙƙoƙin mata ta hanyar "Kawo Mata A Gaba: Haɗin Kan Mata", wanda aka haɗa ta hanyar Asusun Haɗin gwiwar Mata na Yahudawa. Ƙungiyoyin haɗin gwiwa guda bakwai a Isra'ila sune Cibiyar Adva, Ruhun Mata, Itach-Maaki: Lauyoyin Mata don Adalci na zamantakewa, Cibiyar Mahut, Cibiyar Mata ta Isra'ila (IWN), Ƙarfafa Tattalin Arziki ga Mata (EEW) da Achoti ('yar'uwa) ga Mata a Isra'ila. === Mata Larabawa a Isra'ila === Matan Larabawa-Isra'ila suna shiga cikin harkokin gwamnati da na jama'a. Hussniya Jabara ita ce mace Balarabiya ta farko da ta fara aiki a majalisar Knesset. Dangane da sashe na 15 na Ma'aikatar Jama'a [waɗanda] mata da Larabawa-Isra'ilawa suna da haƙƙin tabbatar da aiki a aikin ma'aikacin gwamnati.<ref name="moital.gov.il">{{Cite web |title=העדפה מתקנת בעבודה ובשירות הציבורי |url=http://www.moital.gov.il/NR/exeres/8C492E47-135C-4B82-84D7-C62254B8BFEF.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130201010211/http://www.moital.gov.il/NR/exeres/8C492E47-135C-4B82-84D7-C62254B8BFEF.htm |archive-date=1 February 2013 |access-date=27 September 2015 |publisher=Moital.gov.il}}</ref> [An buƙaci ƙarin bayani] <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="explain how this manifests in practice (January 2024)">further explanation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> === Ayyuka masu kyau === Dangane da sashi na 15 na Ma'aikatan Jama'a na Jihohi [naɗaitawa], 'yan mata na Isra'ila suna da' yancin yin aiki a cikin aikin gwamnati.<ref name="moital.gov.il"/> [An buƙaci ƙarin bayani] <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="explain how this manifests in practice (January 2024)">further explanation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> == Hakkin LGBT == Hakkin 'Yan tsiraru na jima'i a Isra'ila ana ɗaukar su mafi haƙuri a Gabas ta Tsakiya.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022 |title=LGBT+ rights and issues in the Middle East |url=https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/CBP-9457/CBP-9457.pdf |access-date=January 29, 2024 |website=Commons Library Research Briefing, 9 February 2022}}</ref> Duk da yake Isra'ila ba ta halatta auren jinsi ɗaya ba, auren jinsi ɗaya da ke aiki a ƙasashen waje an amince da shi bisa doka a Isra'ila. Isra'ila ta ba da tabbacin 'yancin jama'a ga yawan masu luwadi, gami da' yancin tallafi da amfanin abokin tarayya.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Walzer |first=Lee |date=21 February 2002 |title=Queer in the Land of Sodom |url=http://www.thegully.com/essays/gaymundo/020220_gay_israel_history.html |access-date=1 August 2006 |publisher=The Gully}}</ref> Isra'ila kuma ta ba da matsayin aure na doka ga ma'aurata na cikin gida na jinsi ɗaya. Dokar sodomy da aka gada daga Mandate na Burtaniya na Falasdinu an soke ta a shekarar 1988, kodayake akwai umarni mai bayyanawa da Babban Lauyan Isra'ila ya bayar a shekarar 1953 wanda ya umarci 'yan sanda da su guji aiwatar da wannan dokar, muddin babu wasu laifuka da suka shafi. Dokar kare hakkin ɗan luwaɗi ta ƙasa ta haramta wasu nuna bambanci ga 'yan luwadi, gami da aiki; ana yin wasu keɓancewa ga ƙungiyoyin addini. A baya, aikin soja na masu luwadi yana ƙarƙashin wasu ƙuntatawa. An ɗaga waɗannan ƙuntatawa a cikin 1993, suna ba da damar masu luwadi su yi aiki a bayyane a duk sassan sojoji.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Homosexual rights around the world |url=http://www.actwin.com/eatonohio/gay/world.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051210062004/http://www.actwin.com/eatonohio/gay/world.htm |archive-date=10 December 2005 |access-date=20 November 2011 |website=Gay Rights Info}}</ref> A cikin Maris 2014, Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta ba da umarni da ke nuna cewa an haɗa aikin tiyatar jima'i a cikin tallafin kiwon lafiya da aka ba wa 'yan ƙasa. Duk da haka, a cikin watan Mayu Haaretz ya ruwaito cewa wata kungiyar kula da lafiya ta ki biyan kudin tiyatar canjin jima'i guda biyu, wanda ya haifar da kashe kudade masu yawa daga marasa lafiya. Wata rundunar LGBTI ta kasa ta gano cewa kashi 80 cikin 100 na masu canza jinsi, kashi 50 na 'yan madigo da kashi 20 cikin 100 na mazan luwadi ana nuna musu wariya yayin neman aikin yi. == Hakkin ƙasa == Asusun yahudawa (JNF) yana iko da kashi 13% na ƙasar Isra'ila; wannan ƙasa an keɓe ta ne don amfanin Yahudawan Isra'ila keɓanta. Kasa da kashi 4% na ƙasar Isra'ila mallakar ƴan ƙasar Larabawa ne, duk da Larabawa da ke da kashi 20% na al'ummar ƙasar. An ɗauka gabaɗaya, kashi 93% na ƙasar a Isra'ila ana iko da ko dai ƙasar Isra'ila ko JNF; Ana kiran waɗannan ƙasashe a hukumance da "ƙasashen Isra'ila."<ref name=":2"/> Canje-canjen kwanan nan (wanda aka yi a cikin 2010) zuwa Dokar Kasa (Samun don Manufofin Jama'a) (1943), yana nufin tabbatar da ikon mallakar ƙasa na ƙasar da aka kwace daga Falasɗinawa (daga 1948 zuwa gaba) ta hanyar toshe iƙirarin Falasɗinawa na mallakar ƙasar da aka kwace a ƙarƙashin wannan doka, ko da a wuraren da ba a taɓa amfani da ita don dalilai na jama'a ba.<ref name=":2"/> Cibiyar shari'ar Isra'ila Adalah ta bayar da rahoton cewa, "A zahiri, an toshe Falasdinawa 'yan Isra'ila daga siye ko ba da hayar filaye a kusan kashi 80% na ƙasar Isra'ila bisa tushen ƙasarsu." Sakamakon, a cewarsu, shine "mafi yawancin filayen gwamnati sun ƙunshi keɓaɓɓu, yankunan Yahudawa kaɗai." Adalah ya bayyana manyan hanyoyi guda biyu da ake aiwatar da keɓancewa daga mallakar filaye da amfani da su; ta hanyar abin da ake kira "kwamitocin shiga" da kuma ta hanyar abin da Adalah ya bayyana a matsayin manufofin nuna wariya na hukumomin jihohi da JNF.<ref name=":2"/> Waɗannan kwamitocin shigar sun duba masu neman rukunin gidaje a garuruwan noma da al'umma a Isra'ila kuma sun haɗa da wani babban jami'i daga Ƙungiyar Sahayoniya ta Duniya ko Hukumar Yahudawa. Kusan garuruwa 700 a cikin Isra'ila (wanda ke lissafin kusan kashi 70% na duk garuruwan Isra'ila) suna da alaƙa da kwamitocin shiga. Sharuɗɗan da waɗannan kwamitocin suka yi amfani da su sun haɗa da ka'idojin dacewa, wanda Adalah ya bayyana a matsayin sabani da rashin gaskiya. Adalah ta ruwaito cewa ana tace Larabawa da sauran kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu a Isra'ila ta hanyar amfani da wannan ka'idojin dacewa. Waɗannan ƙungiyoyin sun haɗa da Yahudawan Mizrahi da ƴan luwaɗi.<ref name=":2"/> Bugu da ƙari, garuruwa da yawa a Isra'ila sun amince da dokoki da ke jaddada halayensu na Yahudawa, suna ƙayyade shigarwa cikin al'umma akan "aminci ga hangen nesa na Zionist".<ref name=":2"/> Nuna wariya ƙasar manufofin ne zuwa babban har kore da manufofin na JNF, wanda 13% na jimlar ƙasar Isra'ila aka canjawa wuri daga jihar tsakanin 1949 da 1953. Hamsin kashi 50 na kujeru a cikin ILA majalisa an kasaftawa JNF wakilan (kamar yadda ta The ILA Law (1960)) ba da JNF wani babban rawa a kan ƙasar Isra'ila da ake kira manufofin ƙasa a cikin jihar 3. Ɗaya daga cikin irin waɗannan manufofin ya hana JNF ƙasar da za a ba wa waɗanda ba Yahudawa ba.<ref name=":2"/> == Ƙananan kabilanci, dokokin adawa da nuna bambanci da shige da fice == Isra'ila ta tabbatar da Yarjejeniyar Kasa da Kasa kan Tattalin Arziki, Jama'a da Al'adu da Yarjejeniya ta Duniya kan kawar da dukkan nau'ikan bambancin launin fata. Nuna wariya ronu ne zuwa babban kore da tsofo na JNF, wanda 13% na jimlar isra'ila aka canjawa wuri daga jihar tsakanin shekarar 1949 da shekarar 1953. Hamsin kashi 50 na kujeru a cikin ILA majalisa an kasaftawa JNF rufi (kamar yadda ta The ILA Law (1960)) ba da JNF wani babban rawa a kan Isra'ila a cikin iska daga cikin abubuwan da ke cikin Isra'ila. hana JNF hadarin da za a ba wa koyarwa ba Yahudawa ba.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 December 2009 |title=Gender and employment [Areas of work&#93; |url=http://www.ilo.org/public/english/employment/gems/eeo/law/israel/el.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090427190455/http://www.ilo.org/public/english/employment/gems/eeo/law/israel/el.htm |archive-date=27 April 2009 |access-date=2010-07-22 |publisher=Ilo.org}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="float:right;" |+Rarraba ma'aikatan Larabawa a Ma'aikatu daban-daban <ref name=":2"/> !Ma'aikatar !% Ma'aikatan Larabawa |- |Lafiya |7.2 |- |Ilimi |6.2 |- |Adalci |3.9 |- |Masana'antu, Ciniki da Aiki |3.4 |- |Sufuri |2.3 |- |Gidaje |1.3 |- |Kudi |1.2 |} Duk da Dokar Aiki (1998), kungiyar kare hakkin dan adam ta Isra'ila Adalah ta ba da rahoton cewa 'yan asalin Palasdinawa na Isra'ila suna fuskantar nuna bambanci a cikin damar aiki, albashi da yanayi. Adalah ta kuma ba da rahoton cewa jihar Isra'ila kanta (mafi girman ma'aikaci a Isra'ila) ba ta aiwatar da wannan dokar ba.<ref name=":2"/> Misali, 'yan asalin Palasdinawa na Isra'ila da ke aiki a matsayin masu kwangila a cikin gyare-gyare a cibiyoyin ilimi na Isra'ilawa suna ƙarƙashin iyakancewa wanda Yahudawa Isra'ilawa ba sa ƙarƙashin su. Wannan ya haɗa da buƙatar dan kwangila ya hayar mai tsaro mai dauke da makami a wurin aiki a kan kuɗin kansu.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Khromchenko |first=Yulie |date=Mar 28, 2005 |title=Adalah Accuses Education Min. of Employment Discrimination |url=https://www.haaretz.com/2005-03-28/ty-article/adalah-accuses-education-min-of-employment-discrimination/0000017f-e6a2-dc7e-adff-f6af2f0d0000 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20240112202842/https://www.haaretz.com/2005-03-28/ty-article/adalah-accuses-education-min-of-employment-discrimination/0000017f-e6a2-dc7e-adff-f6af2f0d0000 |archive-date=12 January 2024 |access-date=12 Jan 2024 |website=Haaretz}}</ref> Dangane da sashi na 15 na Ma'aikatan Jama'a na Jihohi [naɗaitawa], 'yan ƙasar Isra'ila waɗanda mata ne, nakasassu, ko asalin Larabawa ko baƙar fata na Afirka suna da damar yin aiki a cikin aikin gwamnati.<ref name="moital.gov.il"/> 'Yan Isra'ila na asalin Larabawa ko baƙar fata na Afirka, ko kuma masu nakasa, suna da damar yin aiki mai kyau game da shigar jami'a da kwaleji, kuma suna da damar samun cikakken tallafin karatu daga jihar.<ref name="che.org.il">{{Cite web |title=Council for Higher Education |url=http://che.org.il/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/%D7%94%D7%97%D7%9C%D7%98%D7%AA-%D7%95%D7%AA%D7%AA-%D7%9E%D7%A1-1-%D7%AA%D7%A9%D7%A2%D7%93.pdf |access-date=28 September 2015 |publisher=Che.org.il}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=ייצוג הולם בשירות המדינה |url=http://www.csc.gov.il/DataBases/NewsLetters/NL19/Pages/AdequateRepresentation.aspx |access-date=6 March 2015}}</ref> Haramcin Wariya a Samfura, Sabis da Shiga Wuraren Nishaɗi da Wuraren Jama'a Dokar ta hana waɗanda ke gudanar da wuraren jama'a, ko ba da sabis ko samfura, don nuna bambanci saboda launin fata, addini, ƙasa, da ƙasar asali, da sauran dalilai. Bisa rahoton da Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka ta fitar a shekara ta 2010 kan ayyukan kare hakkin bil'adama ga Isra'ila da yankunan da aka mamaye, dokokin Isra'ila sun hana nuna bambanci a kan launin fata, kuma gwamnati ta aiwatar da wadannan haramcin yadda ya kamata.<ref name="USDS2010">{{Cite web |title=2010 Human Rights Report: Israel and the occupied territories |url=https://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2010/nea/154463.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110413173255/http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2010/nea/154463.htm |archive-date=13 April 2011 |access-date=6 March 2015 |publisher=US Department of State}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="float:right;" |+Rarraba Ayyuka ta Sashen da Kabilanci (2008) <ref name=":2"/> !Aiki !Ma'aikatan Larabawa (%) !Ma'aikatan Yahudawa (%) |- |Gine-gine (maza) |28.4 |5.4 |- |Ma'aikata marasa ƙwarewa |14.6 |6.4 |- |Ayyukan kasuwanci |5.6 |14.3 |- |Matsayi na gudanarwa |2.3 |7.3 |- |Bankin, inshora, da kudi |0.8 |4.3 |} === 'Yan ƙasar Larabawa na Isra'ila === Kungiyar kare hakkin dan adam ta B'Tselem ta yi iƙirarin cewa an hana Larabawa a Urushalima haƙƙin zama, wanda ya haifar da karancin gidaje a yankunan Larabawa na Urushalima. Kungiyar kare hakkin bil adama ta [[Sa-ido akan Haƙƙin Ɗan Adam|Human Rights Watch]] ta tuhumi cewa rage tallafin tsofaffi da kuma alawus-alawus na yara bisa aikin soji na iyaye na nuna wariya ga yaran Larabawa: "Raguwar za ta kuma shafi 'ya'yan iyayen Yahudawa masu tsattsauran ra'ayi wadanda ba sa aikin soja, amma sun cancanci karin tallafin, gami da karin ilimi, wanda ba a samu ga yaran Larabawa na Falasdinu ba." A cewar rahotanni na Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka na 2004 game da Ayyukan 'Yancin Dan Adam ga Isra'ila da Yankunan da aka mamaye, gwamnatin Isra'ila ta yi "ƙananan don rage nuna bambanci na hukuma, shari'a, da al'umma ga' yan ƙasar Larabawa". Rahotanni na shekaru masu zuwa sun kuma gano nuna bambanci ga' yan asalin Larabawa a matsayin matsala ga Isra'ilawa, amma ba ta sake maimaita da'ila ta ba don rage nuna rashin nuna bambanci ba. Rahotanni na Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka na 2004 game da Ayyukan 'Yancin Dan Adam ya lura cewa: * Asusun Ƙasar Yahudawa (JNF) yana sarrafa kashi 12.5 cikin 100 na ƙasar jama'a amma dokokinta sun hana siyarwa ko hayar ƙasa ga waɗanda ba Yahudawa ba. A watan Oktoba, kungiyoyin kare hakkin bil'adama sun shigar da kara ga Babban Kotun Shari'a suna da'awar cewa sanarwar da Gwamnatin Ƙasar Isra'ila (ILA) ta yi game da ƙasar JNF ta nuna bambanci saboda ta haramta Larabawa daga yin tayin. A watan Janairun shekara ta 2005, babban lauya ya yanke hukuncin cewa "gwamnati ba za ta iya nuna bambanci ga Larabawa na Isra'ila a cikin tallace-tallace da rarraba ƙasashen da take sarrafawa ba, gami da na JNF. * Kungiyoyin bayar da shawarwari na Isra'ila da Larabawa sun yi iƙirarin cewa gwamnati ta fi ƙuntatawa wajen bayar da izinin gini ga al'ummomin Larabawa da ƙalubalanci manufofin rushe gine-gine ba bisa ka'ida ba a bangaren Larabawa, yana iyakance ci gaban al'umma. * "A watan Yuni, Kotun Koli ta yanke hukuncin cewa barin garuruwan Larabawa daga wasu tsare-tsare na zamantakewa da tattalin arziki na gwamnati na nuna wariya. * An ƙalubalanci Tsarin Jagora na 1996 na Arewacin Isra'ila a matsayin wariya. Abubuwan da suka fi ba da fifiko sun haɗa da "ƙara yawan Yahudawa na Galili da kuma toshe yanki na garuruwan Larabawa." * Keɓe daga aikin soja na wajibi, yawancin Larabawa Isra'ila don haka ba su da damar samun dama fiye da sauran 'yan ƙasa zuwa fa'idodin zamantakewa da tattalin arziƙin wanda aikin soja ya zama buƙatu ko fa'ida, kamar gidaje, tallafin sabbin gidaje, da aikin yi, musamman aikin masana'antu na gwamnati ko na tsaro. Kwamitin Ivri kan yi wa kasa hidima ya ba da shawarwari a hukumance ga gwamnati cewa a ba wa Larabawa Isra'ila damar yin hidimar kasa. * "A bisa wani bincike da jami'ar Haifa ta gudanar a shekara ta 2003, akwai wani hali na sanya wa 'yan kasar Larabawa hukuncin dauri fiye da na Yahudawa. Masu fafutukar kare hakkin bil'adama sun yi ikirarin cewa 'yan kasashen Larabawa sun fi fuskantar hukuncin kisa da kuma hana a bayar da belinsu." * Rahoton hukumar Or Commission kan kisan ‘yan sanda na masu zanga-zangar Isra’ila da Larabawa ya gano cewa “sakamakon sakaci da wariya” gwamnati na tafiyar da bangaren Larabawa, tare da rabo ko albarkatun da bai dace ba wanda ke haifar da “mummunan wahala” daga al’umma. Abubuwan da ke nuna damuwa sun haɗa da talauci, rashin aikin yi, ƙarancin ƙasa, matsalolin ilimi, da nakasa abubuwan more rayuwa. Rahoton da Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka ta fitar a shekara ta 2005 kan Isra'ila ya rubuta cewa: "Gwamnati gaba daya tana mutunta hakkin 'yan kasarta; duk da haka, an sami matsaloli a wasu bangarori, ciki har da ... nuna wariya na hukumomi, shari'a, da kuma al'umma ga al'ummar Larabawa na kasar." A cikin wani rahoto da ya mika wa Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Bedouin ya yi ikirarin cewa suna fuskantar wariya kuma ba a daukarsu a matsayin 'yan kasa daidai a Isra'ila kuma ba a ba wa garuruwan Badouin hidima iri daya ba ko kuma filayen garuruwan Yahudawa masu girman gaske, kuma ba a ba su damar samun ruwa mai kyau. Birnin Be'er Sheva ya ki amincewa da wani wuri mai tsarki na Bedouin, duk da shawarar da Babbar Kotun ta bayar. ''Rahotanni na Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka na 2007 game da Ayyukan 'Yancin Dan Adam'' ya lura cewa: * "A cewar wani binciken da aka yi a shekara ta 2005 a Jami'ar Ibraniyawa, an kashe kuɗi sau uku a cikin ilimin yara Yahudawa kamar yadda yara Larabawa." A watan Satumbar shekarar 2010, gwamnatin Isra'ila ta amince da gyare-gyare ga dokokin zama ɗan ƙasa na ƙasar. Shirin dokar ya tilasta wa duk wanda ke neman zama ɗan ƙasar Isra'ila ya yi rantsuwa da "Isra'ila a matsayin ƙasar Yahudawa da dimokuradiyya". Larabawa na Isra'ila da kuma ƙungiyoyin hagu na Isra'ilawa ciki har da shugaban jam'iyyar adawa ta Kadima Tzipi Livni sun soki gyaran sosai. Masanin ilimin halayyar ilimi na Isra'ila Farfesa Gavriel Solomon ya ce rantsuwar aminci ta yi kama da Dokokin Nuremberg . <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 October 2010 |title=Israeli academic: Loyalty oath resembles racist laws of 1935 |url=http://www.haaretz.com/news/national/israeli-academic-loyalty-oath-resembles-racist-laws-of-1935-1.318275 |access-date=6 March 2015 |website=Haaretz}}</ref> Magoya bayan gyaran sun bayyana cewa wadanda ba Yahudawa ba ne wadanda suka zama 'yan ƙasa suna buƙatar fahimtar cewa "Jihar Isra'ila ita ce furcin kasa na ƙaddamar da kai na mutanen Yahudawa".<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 May 2012 |title=Identifying with Israel's national character |url=http://www.jpost.com/Opinion/Op-EdContributors/Article.aspx?id=190897 |access-date=6 March 2015 |website=The Jerusalem Post}}</ref> Isra'ila ta haramta 'yan ƙasa daga ziyartar ƙasashen abokan gaba ba tare da izini ba, ƙuntataccen tafiye-tafiye wanda, a cikin shekarar 2015, ya haɗa da Siriya, Iraki, Iran, Lebanon, Yemen, da Saudi Arabia. Cibiyar Shari'a ta Adalah ta yi iƙirarin cewa wannan yana nuna bambanci ga 'yan asalin Larabawa da Isra'ila, kuma hukumomi ba su tsare Yahudawa ba bayan dawowa daga tafiye-tafiye zuwa ƙasashe marasa izini kamar yadda suka yi da Larabawa Isra'ilawa. Har ila yau, an soki Hukumar Kula da Filin Jiragen Sama ta Isra'ila saboda nuna bambancin launin fata na 'yan ƙasar Larabawa. Cibiyar Shari'a ta Adalah tana riƙe da jerin dokoki sama da 50 da take da'awar nuna bambanci ga 'yan ƙasar Larabawa. A cikin shekara ta 2015, an yi la'akari da launin fata na 'yan asalin Larabawa ta hanyar jami'an tsaro da sauran' yan ƙasa, da kuma hare-haren fansa a kan Larabawa.<ref name="USDS2016" /> Since the outbreak of the Gaza war, Israel has carried out mass arrests and detentions of Palestinians and Arab Israelis, with thousands arrested or detained in Israel and the occupied Palestinian territories. On 5 November 2023, [[CNN]] reported that "dozens" of Palestinian residents and Arab citizens of Israel were arrested in Israel for expressions of solidarity with the civilian population of Gaza, sharing [[Alqur'ani mai girma|Quran]] verses, or expressing "any support for the Palestinian people".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kottasová |first=Ivana |last2=Saifi |first2=Zeena |date=2023-11-05 |title='The reaction is extreme': Palestinians fear arrest if they voice sympathy for Gaza civilians |url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/11/05/middleeast/palestinians-israel-fear-arrest-gaza-intl-cmd/index.html |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref> ''Haaretz'' described the widespread targeting of Arab Israelis by Israeli security forces. Referring to "hundreds" of interrogations, ''El País'' reported on 11 November that Israel increasingly treats its Arab minority as a "potential fifth column".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pita |first=Antonio |date=2023-11-11 |title=Israel aumenta el cerco a su minoría árabe |url=https://elpais.com/internacional/2023-11-11/israel-aumenta-el-cerco-a-su-minoria-arabe.html |website=El País |language=es}}</ref> ==== Ayyuka masu kyau ==== Dangane da sashi na 15 na Ma'aikatan Jama'a na Jihohi [naɗaitawa], 'yan ƙasar Larabawa-Isra'ila suna da' yancin yin aiki a cikin aikin gwamnati.<ref name="moital.gov.il"/> 'Yan ƙasar Larabawa-Isra'ila suna da damar yin aiki mai kyau a cikin buƙatun shiga jami'a da kwaleji, kuma suna da damar samun cikakken tallafin karatu daga jihar.<ref name="che.org.il"/> === Baƙi ba bisa ka'ida ba da masu neman mafaka === Isra'ila jam'iyya ce ta jihar da ke cikin Yarjejeniyar da ta shafi Matsayin [[Sudan]]_refugees_in_Israel" id="mwBWo" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Sudanese refugees in Israel">'yan gudun hijira.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 April 2011 |title=Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees |url=http://www.unhcr.org/protect/PROTECTION/3b73b0d63.pdf |access-date=5 December 2012 |publisher=United Nations High Commission for Refugees}}</ref> Kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam na Isra'ila suna la'akari da tsarin mafaka na Isra'ilawa da rashin adalci, kuma yawan amincewa da 'yan gudun hijira ya fi ƙasa da kashi 1%.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Until our hearts are completely hardened, Report on asylum procedures in Israel, Hotline for Migrant Workers, April 2012 |url=http://www.hotline.org.il/english/pdf/asylum_procedures_2012_eng.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121018173547/http://www.hotline.org.il/english/pdf/asylum_procedures_2012_eng.pdf |archive-date=18 October 2012}}</ref> Tun daga shekara ta 2003, kimanin baƙi 70,000 ba bisa ka'ida ba daga kasashe daban-daban na Afirka sun haye zuwa Isra'ila. Kimanin 'yan gudun hijira 600 daga yankin Darfur na Sudan an ba su matsayin mazauna wucin gadi don sabuntawa kowace shekara, kodayake ba matsayin' yan gudun hijira na hukuma ba.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ACRI.org.il |url=http://www.acri.org.il/pdf/refugees0209en.pdf |access-date=25 March 2016}}</ref> An ba da wasu 'yan gudun hijira 2,000 daga rikici tsakanin [[Eritrea]] da [[Itofiya|Habasha]] matsayin mazaunin wucin gadi a kan dalilai na jin kai, kodayake Isra'ila ta fi son kada ta gane su a matsayin' yan gudun hijira. A cikin wani labari na shekarar 2012, ''Reuters'' ta ruwaito, "Isra'ila na iya ɗaure baƙi ba bisa ka'ida ba har zuwa shekaru uku a ƙarƙashin dokar da aka fara aiki a ranar Lahadi, wani jami'in Ma'aikatar Cikin Gida ya ce, wani mataki da aka yi niyyar hana kwararar 'yan Afirka da ke shiga Isra'ila a kan iyakar hamada da Masar. Ministan cikin gida Eli Yishai ya ce, "Me ya sa muka yi rashin lafiya da zukata masu zubar da jini, gami da 'yan siyasa. Ayyuka za su zama mafi yawa a nan za su sa su zama jarirai, kuma wannan tayin ya sa Sudan ya fice su gudu zuwa duniya, kuma ya sa su zama mafi yawanci, kuma ya zama' yan gudun hijira za su gudu, kuma ya haifar da yawa, kuma ya fice ga Yesu Yesu ya sa suka fice, kuma ya fito da yawa, za su zama' yan kasa, kuma ya sami mafaka za su zama 'yan gudun hijira' yan gudunya suka ficececece' yan gudun A karkashin Dokar Rigakafin Kutse ta 2014, duk masu ketare kan iyaka da ba bisa ka'ida ba an ayyana su a matsayin "masu kutse" kuma ana iya tsare su a gidan yarin Saharonim na tsawon watanni uku "domin tantancewa" sannan kuma watanni 12 a wurin Holhot mai nisa. Kamfanin dillancin labaran iqna ya habarta cewa, ya nakalto daga shafin sadarwa na yanar gizo na Hotline na ‘yan gudun hijira da kuma bakin haure cewa hukumomi sun mayar da fiye da rabin mutanen da ake tsare da su na Holot zuwa Saharonim har na tsawon watanni da dama saboda wasu laifukan da suka saba wa doka. A wasu jerin hukunce-hukuncen da kotun kolin ta yanke, ta yi watsi da cewa za a iya tsare bakin haure har abada, ta kuma ba da umarnin sakin bakin haure 1,178 'yan kasashen Eritrea da Sudan da ake tsare da su sama da shekara guda ba tare da tuhume su ba. Gwamnati ta hana wadannan masu neman mafaka daga Tel Aviv ko Eilat, inda za su kasance suna da al'ummomin tallafi da kuma samun damar yin ayyukan jin kai. Bisa rahoton da Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka ta fitar a shekarar 2015 kan ayyukan kare hakkin bil'adama, tun daga shekarar 2011 yanayin 'yan gudun hijira a Isra'ila ya tabarbare "saboda amincewa da manufofi da dokoki da nufin dakile masu neman mafaka a nan gaba ta hanyar yin wahala ga wadanda ke cikin kasar. Wadannan ayyuka sun kara tauye 'yancin jama'a da kuma karfafa barin kasar." Gwamnati za ta yi wahala a nemi izinin zama ɗan gudun hijira yayin da ake tsare da ita na tsawon shekara guda, kuma da zarar an sake shi za ta buƙaci masu neman su ba da hujjar rashin neman izini tun da farko. Ana kiran masu neman mafaka "masu kutse" ta gwamnati da kafafen yada labarai, wadanda ke danganta su da karuwar laifuka, cututtuka, da zaman banza. === 'Yan Afirka na Isra'ila === A cewar Jaridar BBC, Yahudawa na [[Habasha]] da ke zaune a [[Isra'ila]] sun daɗe suna gunaguni game da nuna bambanci. Sun gudanar da tarurruka bayan yarjejeniyar da masu mallakar gidaje a kudancin Isra'ila suka yi don kada su hayar ko sayar da dukiyarsu ga Yahudawa na asalin Habasha. Al'ummar Yahudawa na Habasha sun shiga cikin zanga-zangar bayan bidiyon da ya fito wanda ya nuna 'yan sanda biyu suna doke soja na Habasha da Isra'ila, Demas Fekadeh . <ref name="clash" /> Duk da yake zanga-zangar da dubban masu zanga-zambe suka yi da farko ba ta da tashin hankali, rikice-rikice da 'yan sanda sun ci gaba. ACRI ta yi iƙirarin cewa 'yan sanda sun kasa gargadi masu zanga-zangar kafin yin amfani da matakan watsa jama'a, kuma amfani da su bai karu a hankali ba. Gwamnati ta sauke tuhumar da aka yi wa Fekadeh, ta kammala cewa bai fara rikici da ya haifar da duka ba. == Ilimi == [[Fayil:GalilSchoolSign.jpg|thumb|Alama a gaban Makarantar Galil, makarantar firamare ta [[Larabawa]] da Yahudawa a Isra'ila.]] Dokar Ƴancin Dalibai ta [[Isra'ila]] ta shekarar 2000 ta haramta nuna bambanci ga ɗalibai saboda dalilai na ɗarika a shigarwa ko fitarwa daga cibiyar [[ilimi]], a cikin kafa tsarin karatun daban-daban ko gudanar da azuzuwan daban-daban a cikin wannan cibiyar [[ilimi]] guda, da kuma haƙƙoƙi da wajibai na ɗalibai. <ref>{{Cite web |title=חוק זכויות התלמיד באנגלית – Pupils' Rights Law |url=http://cms.education.gov.il/EducationCMS/Units/Zchuyot/ChukimVeamanot/Chukim/PupilsRightsLaw |access-date=16 May 2010 |publisher=Cms.education.gov.il}}</ref> [[Kotun Koli]] ta Isra'ila ta aiwatar da wannan dokar, wanda ya haifar da zanga-zangar daga iyalan Orthodox waɗanda suka ki tura ƴaƴansu zuwa makarantu masu haɗin kai. [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] == Manazarta== fmbecwd8tqtdjfeoctzu6zykc3ew12s 0 107558 829911 671515 2026-05-05T05:49:26Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829911 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Shirye-shiryen daidaita ''Canjin yanayi'' a bakin tekun Jamus''' sun haɗa da siyasar Turai, ƙasa, da yanki, bangarori daban-daban na tattalin arziki da farar hula da kuma kariya ta bakin teku. Gabaɗaya, canjin yanayi yana nufin canje-canje masu ganewa a cikin yanayin yanayi waɗanda ke ci gaba da tsawon lokaci. Yarjejeniyar Tsarin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Canjin Yanayi (UNFCCC) ta bayyana shi a matsayin canjin yanayi wanda aikin ɗan adam ya haifar wanda za'a iya lura da shi ban da canjin yanayi na halitta.<ref>{{Cite web |title=UNFCCC |url=https://unfccc.int/}}</ref> Ana iya bayyana wannan a matsayin canjin yanayi na ɗan adam. Canjin yanayi yana haifar da tasirin matakin gida a bakin tekun Jamus kuma a yanzu da nan gaba, dabarun daidaitawa masu dacewa sun zama dole. A cikin shekara ta 2008, Ma'aikatar Tarayya ta Jamus ta yanke shawarar kan dabarun sauyin yanayi na Jamus tare da manufar kirkirar tsarin aiki na kasa don rage haɗarin ga yawan jama'a, mazauna da tattalin arziki.<ref>{{Cite web |title=BMU Adaptation Strategy |url=https://www.bmu.de/themen/klima-energie/klimaschutz/anpassung-an-den-klimawandel/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210622131004/https://www.bmu.de/themen/klima-energie/klimaschutz/anpassung-an-den-klimawandel/ |archive-date=2021-06-22 |access-date=2018-07-12}}</ref> [[Fayil:Germany_Coast_adm_location_map.svg|thumb|Taswirar Tekun Jamus]] ''Daidaitawa'' kalma ce mai gwagwarmaya, wanda aka tattauna sosai ba tare da ma'anar gaba ɗaya ba. Ga dabarun daidaitawa na Jamus ana amfani da ma'anar [[Kungiyar gwamnatoci a kan Canjin Yanayi|Kwamitin Gwamnati kan Canjin Yanayi (IPCC)]] , yana mai cewa daidaitawa shine daidaita tsarin halitta ko na ɗan adam don faruwa ko sa ran canje-canje a cikin yanayi don rage lahani. Wannan tsarin yana kallon canjin yanayi a matsayin babban tushen rauni kuma baya la'akari da duk wani dalilin zamantakewa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bassett |first=Thomas J. |last2=Fogelman |first2=Charles |date=August 2013 |title=Déjà vu or something new? The adaptation concept in the climate change literature |journal=Geoforum |volume=48 |pages=42–53 |doi=10.1016/j.geoforum.2013.04.010 |issn=0016-7185}}</ref> ''Yankin Jamus'' ya ƙunshi kilomita 1600 zuwa yamma a Tekun Arewa da kilomita 2100 zuwa gabas a [[Tekun Baltic]]. Gabaɗaya, jihohi biyar suna iyaka da bakin tekun Jamus. Lower Saxony, [[Bremen]] da [[Hamburg]] suna cikin yankin Tekun Arewa; iyakar Mecklenburg-Vorpommern da Tekun Baltic kuma Schleswig-Holstein yana cikin teku biyu. Za'a iya bayyana bakin teku a matsayin yankin da teku ke rinjayar ƙasar sosai kuma akasin haka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=World Ocean Review 2010 |url=https://worldoceanreview.com/wor-1/}}</ref>&nbsp;&nbsp; == Tarihin sauyin yanayi a bakin tekun Jamus == Mazaunan bakin teku a Jamus koyaushe suna fuskantar ikon yanayi, musamman ga ambaliyar ruwa kuma dole ne su saba da yanayin canzawa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Germanwatch |url=https://germanwatch.org/klima/nord09.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180723004130/http://germanwatch.org/klima/nord09.pdf |archive-date=2018-07-23 |access-date=2018-07-13}}</ref> An ɗauka cewa a cikin Schleswig-Holstein a cikin karni na 11, mutane sun fara gina dyke don kare wuraren rayuwa da wuraren da za a iya amfani da su daga hauhawar matakin teku da ambaliyar guguwa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hofstede |url=https://www.bau.uni-siegen.de/fwu/wb/veranstaltungen/mustok/tag_1_beitrag_hofstede.pdf}}</ref> Daidaitawa musamman ga [[Canjin yanayi|Canjin Yanayi na Anthropogenic]] ya fara ne a karni na 21, kodayake da farko an mayar da hankali kan kare yanayi. Gwamnatin Jamus ta dauki sauye-sauyen sauyin yanayi a karo na farko a shekara ta 2005 a cikin tsarin shirin kare yanayi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-06-19 |title=UBA history |url=https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/themen/klima-energie/klimafolgen-anpassung/anpassung-auf-bundesebene |access-date=2025-07-25 |archive-date=2021-12-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211229002138/https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/themen/klima-energie/klimafolgen-anpassung/anpassung-auf-bundesebene |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Tasirin canjin yanayi a bakin tekun Jamus == Tabbataccen tsinkaya mai aminci game da tasirin canjin yanayi na ɗan adam a bakin tekun Jamus game da [[Temperature|zafin jiki]], hazo, [[Sea level|matakin teku]] da tsawo na ambaliyar ruwa ba su wanzu ba. Misalai daban-daban suna nuna sakamako daban-daban kuma ana zaton cewa duk canje-canje a cikin kewayon sakamakon suna da yiwuwar faruwa iri ɗaya.<ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=Norddeutscher Klimamonitor |url=http://www.norddeutscher-klimamonitor.de/}}</ref> A ƙarshen karni na 21, ana sa ran zafin jiki zai tashi tsakanin +0.6 °C da +6.2 °C idan aka kwatanta da 1961-1990. <ref name=":02" /> A wannan lokacin, canjin hazo tsakanin -47% da +73% mai yiwuwa ne.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Norddeutscher Klimamonitor |url=http://www.norddeutscher-klimamonitor.de/}}</ref> Matsayin teku da ambaliyar guguwa abubuwa ne masu rikitarwa kuma abubuwa daban-daban suna rinjayar su, kamar su astronomical (tides), meteorological (iska), da tectonic (motsi na isostatic) wanda ya sa ya fi wuya a hango yadda za su canza tare da canjin yanayi.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last2=Daniela Jacob}}</ref> A [[Tekun Baltic]], ana sa ran matakin teku zai tashi daidai da matsakaicin matsakaicin duniya da ake tsammani a matakin teku. Dangane da Rahoton Bincike na 5 na Intergovernmental Penal on Climate Change ([[Kungiyar gwamnatoci a kan Canjin Yanayi|IPCC]]), an yi hasashen matsakaicin matakin teku na duniya zai tashi 0.26-0.55 m a cikin lokacin 2081-2100 dangane da matakin teku na 1986-2005. Nazarin ya nuna cewa a bakin Tekun Arewa Jamus, matakin teku daga 1843-2008 ya tashi tsakanin 1.6 da 1.8 mm a kowace shekara. An lura da dabi'u mafi girma a gabar yammacin Schleswig-Holstein da ƙananan dabi'u a gabar Lower Saxon.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Wahl |first=Thomas |last2=Jensen |first2=Jürgen |last3=Frank |first3=Torsten |last4=Haigh |first4=Ivan David |date=2011-02-08 |title=Improved estimates of mean sea level changes in the German Bight over the last 166 years |journal=Ocean Dynamics |language=en |volume=61 |issue=5 |pages=701–715 |bibcode=2011OcDyn..61..701W |doi=10.1007/s10236-011-0383-x |issn=1616-7341 |s2cid=129331421}}</ref> A nan gaba, hauhawar matakin teku a Tekun Arewa ana sa ran ya fi matsakaicin duniya sakamakon lalacewar ƙasa ta bayan dusar ƙanƙara.<ref name=":1" /> Yanzu akwai shaidar kididdiga game da yadda tsawo na ambaliyar guguwa zai canza a nan gaba a Tekun Baltic. A cikin tekuna biyu, ana sa ran hauhawar ambaliyar guguwa saboda canjin yanayi da ya shafi hauhawar matakin teku.<ref name=":1" />&nbsp; == Manazarta == 9n8tkqbzq9pn2cwxxr870ptda2gwawb 0 108340 829756 721329 2026-05-04T23:30:16Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829756 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Humidcontinentalworld2.png|thumb|250x250px|Yanayin zafi a duk duniya]] {{Climate chart|[[Moscow]]|-9|-4|53|-9|-3|44|-4|3|39|2|12|37|8|19|61|12|22|78|15|25|84|13|23|78|8|16|66|3|9|70|-2|2|52|-7|-2|51|source=<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/climate/27612.htm|title=Климат Москвы - Погода и климат}}</ref>|float=right|clear=right|units=metric}}[[Moscow]] yana da [[sauyin yanayi]] mai na lokacin rani na nahiyar (Köppen weather classification Dfb) tare da dumi zuwa lokacin zafi da tsayi, sanyi, sanyi.  Yawancin yanayin zafi a cikin watanni masu zafi na Yuni, Yuli da Agusta yana kusa da 23 °C (73 °F), amma a lokacin raƙuman zafi, wanda zai iya faruwa kowane lokaci daga Mayu zuwa Satumba, yawan zafin rana yakan kai 30 °C (86 °F) wani lokacin mako ɗaya ko biyu.  A cikin lokacin sanyi, yanayin zafi yakan faɗi zuwa kusan -10 °C (14 °F), kodayake ana iya samun lokutan zafi tare da [[yanayin zafi]] sama da 0 °C (32 °F).  Lokacin bazara yana daga tsakiyar watan Mayu zuwa farkon Satumba, kuma lokacin sanyi yana daga farkon Nuwamba zuwa ƙarshen Maris.  Danshi yana da girma duk shekara, ko da yake ya fi ƙanƙanta a cikin watannin bazara. Matsakaicin yanayi na nahiyoyi a latitude guda - kamar sassan Gabashin Kanada ko Siberiya - suna da lokacin sanyi fiye da na Moscow, wanda ke nuna cewa har yanzu ana samun daidaito sosai daga [[Tekun Atalanta|Tekun Atlantika]] [ana binciken hujja] duk da cewa Moscow tana da nisa da teku. == Matsakaicin kowane wata da rikodin Moscow == [[Fayil:VVC_weather_station.png|left|thumb|226x226px|Yanayin Tashar yanayi ta VVC a taswirar Moscow]] Mafi girman zafin jiki da aka taɓa yin rikodin shine {{Convert|38.2|°C|°F}} ° C (100.8 ° F) a ranar 29 ga Yuli, 2010. Mafi ƙarancin zafin jiki da aka taɓa yin rikodin shine -42 ° C (-44 ° F). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Moscow, Russia |url=http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather.php3?s=551572&cityname=Moscow-Central-Federal-District-Russia |publisher=Weatherbase }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A cikin 2007 rikodin rikodin guda uku na watan ya faru - Janairu {{Convert|+8.6|°C|°F}} ° C (47.5 ° F), Maris {{Convert|+17.5|°C|°F}} ° C (63.5 ° F). A ranar 23 ga Yuli, 2010, zafin jiki ya kai {{Convert|36.7|°C|°F}} ° C (98.1 ° F) kuma ya ci gaba da saita rikodin rikodin kowace rana mai zuwa har sai ya kai {{Convert|38.2|°C|°F}} ° C (100.8 ° F) a ranar 29 ga Yuli, 2010.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Air temperatures in Moscow beat all records |url=http://english.ruvr.ru/2010/07/24/13327739.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100728101259/http://english.ruvr.ru/2010/07/24/13327739.html |archive-date=2010-07-28 |access-date=2010-07-24}}</ref> A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2010 wani sabon watan rikodin na {{Convert|+14.5|°C|°F}} ° C (58.1 ° F) ya faru (bayan +12.6 a 1927). [[Fayil:Moscow_region_temp.PNG|right|thumb|250x250px|Matsakaicin zafin jiki a Moscow da yankuna da ke kusa a lokacin guguwar zafi ta Arewacin Hemisphere ta 2010Ruwa mai zafi na lokacin rani na Arewacin Hemisphere na 2010]] Matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara a Moscow shine 5.8 °C (42.4 °F), amma kwanan nan (2007, 2008, 2015) ya kasance sama da 7 °C (45 °F).  A farkon rabin karni na 20, an sami sanyin dare a ƙarshen lokacin rani.[2020 ya zama mafi zafi a tarihin hasashen yanayi, matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara ya kai 8.0 °C (46.4 °F) (yayin da matsakaicin yanayin kowane wata ya kasance sama da 0 °C (32 °F) har ma a cikin Maris da Nuwamba.. Adadin [[Yayafi|ruwan sama]] na kowane wata yana da matsakaici a duk shekara, kodayake matakan ruwan sama suna da girma a lokacin rani fiye da lokacin hunturu. Saboda bambancin zafin jiki tsakanin watanni na hunturu da na rani da kuma iyakancewar canji a matakan hazo a lokacin rani, ana ɗaukar Moscow tana da Yanayin nahiyar ba tare da lokacin fari na gaskiya ba. Yawancin rikodin da matsakaicin ana ba da su ga Tashar yanayi ta VVC, wanda ke cikin Yankin gudanarwa na Arewa maso Gabas na Moscow. Yawan zafin jiki daga wannan tashar yana da matsakaicin 0.5-1 ° C ƙasa da a tsakiyar gari, kuma 0.5-2 ° C sama da mafi ƙarancin dare a cikin unguwanni.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Data from weather stations of Moscow region in real time |url=http://www.hmn.ru:8101/index1.php?code=22 |access-date=March 25, 2009 |language=ru}}</ref>&nbsp;{{Weather box}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" !Shekarar !Jan !Fabrairu !Tekun !Afrilu !Mayu !Yuni !Yuli !Aug !Satumba !Oktoba !Nuwamba !Disamba !Shekara !Shekarar !Jan !Fabrairu !Tekun !Afrilu !Mayu !Yuni !Yuli !Aug !Satumba !Oktoba !Nuwamba !Disamba !Shekara |- !Rubuce-rubuce masu tsawo (mafi girman t°C) |'''2007''' |1989 |'''2014''' |'''2012''' |'''2007''' |'''2021''' |'''2010''' |'''2010''' |1890 |1915 |'''2013''' |'''2008''' |'''2010''' !high average t°C |'''2007''' |1990 |'''2007''' |'''2000''' |1979 |1999 |'''2010''' |'''2010''' |1847 |1967 |'''2013''' |'''2006''' |'''2020''' |- !Rubuce-rubuce (min t°C) |1940 |1929 |1913 |1879 |1885 |1916 |1886 |1885 |1881 |1960 |1890 |1940 |1940 !low average t°C |1893 |1929 |1860 |1929 |1918 |1904 |1904 |1884 |1993 |1976 |1844 |1788 |1862 |} {{Moscow weatherbox}} == Halaye na gaba ɗaya == Dangane da lura daga 1991-2020, Janairu shine watan da ya fi sanyi a shekara a Moscow (matsakaicin zafin jiki shine -6.2 ° C), kuma Fabrairu kusan sanyi ne (-5.9 ° C). Watan da ya fi zafi shine Yuli (zafin jiki na +19.7 °C).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Климат: Москва (город Москва, Россия) |url=http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/climate/27612.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160101064620/http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/climate/27612.htm |archive-date=2016-01-01 |access-date=2025-02-08 |website=www.pogodaiklimat.ru}}</ref> Watan da ya fi sanyi dangane da matsakaicin zafin jiki na kowane wata a duk tarihin abubuwan lura shine Janairu 1893 (-21.6 ° C), mafi zafi shine Yuli 2010 (+26.0 ° C). 600-700 mm na hazo ya faɗi a Moscow da kewayen yankin a kowace shekara (rikodin ya kasance 892 mm a 1952), tare da mafi yawan hazo da ke faruwa a cikin watanni na rani, kuma mafi ƙaranci a cikin Fabrairu, Maris da Afrilu. Shekarar da ta fi bushewa a duk lokacin auna ita ce 1920, lokacin da 338 mm na hazo ya fadi, da 1964 da 1972 (397 mm kowannensu) a VDNKh. Ruwan sama yana raguwa a cikin birni daga arewa maso yamma zuwa kudu maso gabas. Fogs ba sabon abu ba ne a Moscow. Ana iya kiyaye su a duk shekara. Yana yiwuwa cewa tarin danshi a cikin yanayi yana sauƙaƙe ta hanyar tasirin masana'antu da sufuri. * Matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara shine 6.3 ° C (+ 7.5 ° C a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Погода в Москве - климатический монитор за январь 2025 года |url=http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/monitor.php?id=27612 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210228073435/http://pogodaiklimat.ru/monitor.php?id=27612 |archive-date=2021-02-28 |access-date=2025-01-07 |website=www.pogodaiklimat.ru}}</ref> a cikin rikodin shekara mai dumi 2020, ya kai 8 ° C, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Температура воздуха и осадки по месяцам и годам: Москва (город Москва, Россия) |url=http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/history/27612.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191230092308/http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/history/27612.htm |archive-date=2019-12-30 |access-date=2025-02-08 |website=www.pogodaiklimat.ru}}</ref> kuma a cikin 2024, an sake maimaita wannan rikodin tare da daidaito na 0.1 ° C. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Температура воздуха и осадки по месяцам и годам: Москва (город Москва, Россия) |url=http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/history/27612.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191230092308/http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/history/27612.htm |archive-date=2019-12-30 |access-date=2024-11-22 |website=www.pogodaiklimat.ru}}</ref> Rashin amfani da shi * saurin iska - 2.3 m/s * Matsakaicin zafi na iska na shekara-shekara shine 76% * Matsakaicin adadin sa'o'i na shekara-shekara na hasken rana shine sa'oʼi 1,731 . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-01-11 |title=2008 год стал самым теплым в истории Москвы (абзац 2) |url=http://pogoda.ru.net/weathernews.php?id=3284 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200413063246/http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/weathernews.php?id=3284 |archive-date=2020-04-13 |access-date=2009-01-11 |publisher=[[pogoda.ru.net]] |language=ru}}</ref> A cikin 2007 da 2014 - fiye da awanni 2000.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Продолжительность солнечного сияния в Москве в 2007 г. |url=http://meteoweb.ru/cl006-4.php |url-status=live |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/616Hcm2nQ?url=http://meteoweb.ru/cl006-4.php |archive-date=2011-08-21 |access-date=2009-02-21}}</ref> A lokaci guda, akwai halin rage tsawon hasken rana a ƙarshen kaka da hunturu da kuma ƙaruwa a cikin bazara da rani. Yuli 2014 ita ce mafi yawan rana Yuli da aka auna tun 1955 tare da tsawon rana na awanni 411, kuma duk shekarar 2014 ita ce rikodin rana mafi yawa a karni na 21 tare da tsawon hasken rana na awandi 2,168. Tsarin iska na Moscow yana da nasa halaye: iska da ke gudana kamar tana gudana cikin tsakiyar birnin, tana kawo musu hazo ko zafi. Wannan ya faru ne saboda fasalulluka na ƙasa da bambancin zafin jiki a tsakiyar babban birnin da kewayen. Don haka, a cikin gundumomin arewa, kudanci da tsakiya na Moscow, akwai yankuna da ke da gine-ginen zama masu yawa, waɗanda ke da ƙananan saurin iska (1-2 m / s) da kuma sauye-sauye na kwanciyar hankali a cikin bazara da rani. A matsayin doka, zafin jiki a cikin tsakiyar yankunan babban birnin ya fi na gefen gari da waje, wanda ke da mahimmanci da dare a lokacin sanyi a cikin hunturu da sanyi a cikin bazara da kaka, lokacin da bambancin zafin jiki zai iya kaiwa 5-7 ° C, amma a cikin hazo da ruwan sama sau da yawa babu ko maras muhimmanci, ba fiye da 1-3 ° C ba. Wannan an tabbatar da shi ta hanyar gaskiyar cewa karatun tashar yanayi a Cibiyar Nunin Rasha, wanda ke arewacin birnin (bayanai daga wannan tashar yanayi na hukuma ne kuma ana amfani da su a cikin kafofin watsa labarai don ƙayyade ainihin yanayin da rikodin zafin jiki a Moscow), yawanci 1-2 ° C ƙasa da ƙimar tashar yanayi akan Baltschuga, wanda ke cikin tsakiyar gari. Matsakaicin zafin jiki a ciki shine -38.1 °C, kuma matsakaicin matsakaicin shine +38.2 °C. Shekarar 2010 a Moscow ta dauki matsayi na farko dangane da yawan yawan rikodin zafin jiki na yau da kullun (28), duk da haka, saboda sanyi Janairu, shekarar ba ta zama mafi zafi a tarihi ba. A lokaci guda, ba a rubuta sabbin rikodin mafi ƙarancin zafin jiki na yau da kullun a cikin birni ba sama da shekaru 25. - [https://www.mos.ru/upload/documents/oiv/o_sostojanii_okruzhajushhej_sredy_v_gorode_moskve_v_2014_godu.pdf daga 30 ga Nuwamba 1998] . == Tashoshin yanayi na Moscow == * Tashar Yanayi ta Moscow (VDNH) (ta yi aiki tun 1948), wanda ke arewacin birnin (yanzu babban tashar yanayi a Moscow). * Tashar yanayi ta Moscow, cibiyar lura da Jami'ar Jihar Moscow (ta yi aiki tun 1954), a kudu maso yammacin birnin. * Tashar yanayi ta Moscow, Observatory mai suna bayan Observatory na Mikhelson (Timiryazevskaya Agricultural Academy) wani cibiyar lura ne mai suna V. A. Mikhelson, a arewacin birnin (daga 1879 zuwa Mayu 1948 ita ce babbar tashar meteorological a Moscow). * Tashar yanayi ta Moscow (Baltschug), a tsakiyar gari, kusa da Kremlin, tana aiki tun 1946. * Tashar yanayi ta Moscow (Tushino) (ta yi aiki tun 1987) tana arewa maso yammacin birnin. * Tashar yanayi ta Nemchinovka (a yammacin birnin, kusa da MKAD). * Tashar Yanayi ta Moscow (Mikhailovskoye) (ta yi aiki tun 1961). * Tashar yanayi ta Moscow (Izmailovo) (ta yi aiki tun 1971) a gabashin birnin. Bugu da kari, ana amfani da bayanai daga tashoshin yanayi da ke yankin filin jirgin saman Vnukovo da Ostafevo na Moscow, Zhukovsky (Filin jirgin sama) , Domodedovo da Sheremetyevo kusa da Moscow. Har ila yau a yankin birnin akwai wasu, yanzu an rufe tashoshin yanayi: Moscow (Krylatskoye), Moscow (Losinoostrovskaya), Lenino-Dachnoye, da kuma wuraren da ke cikin yanayi: Moscow, Moscow (ZIL), Moscow (Khoroshevo), Belorussky Railway Station, Moscow (Karacharovo). Bugu da kari, a matsayin wani ɓangare na shirin don kara cibiyar sadarwa ta yanayi, an shigar da tashoshin yanayi na atomatik: Moscow (Butovo), Moscow (Strogino), Moscow (Tolstopaltsevo). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Фактическая погода – ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОЕ УГМС |url=https://cugms.ru/pogoda-i-klimat/fakticheskaya-pogoda/ |access-date=2025-07-23 |language=ru-RU}}</ref> == Lokacin == [[Fayil:Moscow_2010-2011_glaze_ice.jpg|thumb|Itacen ƙanƙara a Moscow bayan ruwan sama a ranar 25 ga Disamba, 2010. Yawancin itatuwan da suka karkata sun daidaita bayan narkewa.]] Lokacin hunturu a Moscow yana da matsakaici, amma tare da narkewa wanda zai iya ɗaukar daga kwanaki 3-5 zuwa rabi ko fiye da hunturu. A lokaci guda, narkewa yawanci suna da sauƙi a cikin hunturu na kalandar (zafin jiki bai wuce 0.. + 2 ° C ba), tare da hazo galibi a cikin nau'in dusar ƙanƙara da kankara, don haka dusar ƙara a Moscow tana ci gaba a duk lokacin hunturu, ba kamar, alal misali, a cikin jihohin Baltic ba, inda tasirin Atlantic ya fi bayyana. An lura da hunturu mafi sanyi tare da matsakaicin zafin jiki na -16.8 ° C a cikin 1892-1893, lokacin da matsakaitan zafin jiki a watan Janairu ya kasance -21.6 ° C. Lokacin hunturu mafi zafi tare da matsakaicin zafin jiki na +0.2 ° C ya kasance a cikin 2019-2020, lokacin da matsakaitan zafin jiki a watan Janairu ya kasance +0.1 ° C. A cikin karni na yanzu, hunturu mafi sanyi tare da matsakaicin zafin jiki na -9.8 ° C an rubuta shi a cikin 2009-2010, lokacin da matsakaitan zafin jiki a watan Janairu ya kasance -14.5 ° C. Kwanaki mafi ƙanƙanta tare da narkewa (3) sun kasance a cikin hunturu na 1928-1929 da 1940-1941, mafi yawa (73) a cikin huntutu na 2019-2020. Lokacin hunturu mafi dusar ƙanƙara tare da matsakaicin tsawo na dusar ƙara na 11 cm ya kasance a cikin 2019-2020, kuma mafi dusarƙara ya kasance a 1993-1994 (78 cm). An lura da hunturu mafi bushewa a cikin 1890-1891, lokacin da 27.4 mm na hazo ya fadi. An lura da mafi ƙarancin hunturu na kalandar (+1 ° C) a cikin hunturu na 1940-1941, mafi girma (+9.6 ° C) - a cikin hunturo na 2008-2009. Lokacin hunturu mafi sauki tare da mafi ƙarancin -15 °C ya kasance a cikin 2019-2020, mafi tsanani tare da mafiƙalla -42.2 °C ya faru a cikin 1939-1940. Yanayin iska ya sauka ƙasa da -40 °C a cikin hunturu na 1892-1893, 1939-1940, 1941-1942 kuma, bisa ga bayanan da ba na hukuma ba [me?], a cikin huntutu na 1978-1979. A cikin karni na 21, zafin iska bai taɓa sauka ƙasa da -40 °C ko ma ƙasa da -35 °C ba, kuma sau ɗaya kawai ya sauka ƙasa le -30 °C - a cikin Janairu 2006 (Janairu 18 da 19). [[Fayil:Moscow_snow_cover_january2020.jpg|thumb|Jimlar dusar ƙanƙara a Moscow, Janairu 18, 2020]] [[Fayil:Setun_river,_Moscow.jpg|thumb|Cikakken dusar ƙanƙara a Moscow a ranar 19 ga Janairu, 2025, kwarin Kogin Setun]] Thaws mafi sau da yawa faruwa a farkon rabin hunturu (a cikin wannan yanayin, su ne sau da yawa a ci gaba da marigayi kaka).  Yanayin sau da yawa ba shi da kwanciyar hankali (alal misali, matsakaicin zafin rana na yau da kullun zai iya saukewa daga -5 zuwa -20 ° C a cikin kwanaki 2-3 kawai sannan ya sake tashi zuwa -5 ° C a cikin lokaci guda), amma ba kamar sauran yanayi ba, yanayin zafi na yau da kullun a lokacin hunturu kadan ne - saboda fifikon yanayin girgije, bambancin da ke tsakanin rana da kuma yanayin zafi yawanci ba ya wuce 5-10 C (kamar lokacin rani).  A cikin karni na 21st, lokacin sanyi ya yi zafi sosai fiye da kafin shekarun 1970 da 1980.  Misali, matsakaicin matsakaicin wata-wata a cikin Janairu 2020 ya zama tabbatacce (+0.1 ° C) a karon farko a tarihin abubuwan lura..<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-02-08 |title=Монитор погоды в Москве. Январь 2020 года |url=http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/monitor.php?id=27612&month=1&year=2020 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207221006/http://pogodaiklimat.ru/monitor.php?id=27612&month=1&year=2020 |archive-date=2023-02-07 |access-date=2025-02-08}}</ref> Mafi ƙarancin zafin jiki a watan Janairu ya kasance mai ban mamaki -6.8 ° C ga Moscow, wanda shine mafi ƙarancin a watan Janairun. A lokaci guda, Disamba 2019, wanda ya riga shi, ya fi dumi tare da matsakaicin zafin jiki na kowane wata na +0.8 ° C kuma mafi ƙarancin -5.2 ° C kawai, wanda kuma shine mafi ƙaranci a watan Disamba.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-02-08 |title=Монитор погоды в Москве. Декабрь 2019 года. |url=http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/monitor.php?id=27612&month=12&year=2019}}</ref> A cikin 2025, an sake maimaita rikodin 2020 don matsakaicin zafin jiki na kowane wata a cikin Janairu (+0.1 ° C).<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-02-08 |title=Монитор погоды в Москве. Январь 2025 года |url=http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/monitor.php?id=27612&month=1&year=2025 |website=Погода и климат |language=ru}}</ref> Bugu da ƙari, a cikin karni na 21, akwai lokuta lokacin da dusar ƙanƙara a Moscow ta ɓace gaba ɗaya a tsakiyar Janairu; misali, a cikin 2007, Janairu 18, 2020, da Janairu 11 da 18, 2025. <ref>{{Cite web |title=В Москве разрушился снежный покров |url=https://www.msk.kp.ru/online/news/6186980/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250123141556/https://www.msk.kp.ru/online/news/6186980/ |archive-date=2025-01-23 |access-date=2025-01-19}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Снежный покров в Москве исчезает, в Петербурге – растёт |url=https://www.meteovesti.ru/news/1736582467520-snezhnyy-pokrov-v-moskve-ischezaet-v-peterburge---rastyot |access-date=2025-01-11 |website=www.meteovesti.ru |language=ru}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Снег сошел и появились почки на кустах в Москве |url=https://www.mobrep.ru/reports/137980 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250111211636/https://www.mobrep.ru/reports/137980 |archive-date=2025-01-11 |access-date=2025-01-11 |website=mobrep.ru |language=ru}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Часовой погоды {{!}} Ставка {{!}} Тишковец Евгений |url=https://t.me/ChasovojPogody/23407 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250111042952/https://t.me/ChasovojPogody/23407 |archive-date=2025-01-11 |access-date=2025-01-11 |website=Telegram}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=В центре Москвы полностью растаял снег |url=https://www.mobrep.ru/reports/138111 |access-date=2025-07-23 |website=mobrep.ru |language=ru}}</ref> A baya, a mafi yawan hunturu, sanyi mai tsawo ya faru (daga 1-2 zuwa 7-8 makonni), lokacin da aikin Atlantic ya ragu, kuma sanyi ya rushe a bayan kudancin ko guguwa, ko Scandinavian ko Arctic anticyclone ya sauya zuwa ɓangaren Turai na Rasha. Sa'an nan zafin jiki na iya sauka ƙasa da -25 °C da dare, kuma da wuya ya tashi sama da 0 °C a rana. A cikin karni na 21, mafi tsawo ba tare da narkewa ba shine a cikin hunturu na 2009-2010: sanyi ya zo Moscow a ranar 29 ga Disamba, 2009 kuma ya kasance kusan watanni 2 - har zuwa 24 ga Fabrairu, 2010. A cikin karni na 21, yanayin yana motsawa a hankali zuwa ga narkewa mai tsawo, wanda zai iya kasancewa har zuwa rabin lokacin hunturu. Gabaɗaya, hunturu ya zo daga baya a cikin karni na 21 fiye da shekarun da suka gabata na karni na 20, don haka a cikin 2006, 2008, 2011, 2015 da 2019, hunturu na yanayi na 2024 ya fara a cikin shekaru goma na biyu na Disamba ko daga baya. Lokacin hunturu na 2008-2009, 2011-2012, 2014-2015, 2015-2016, da 2020-2021 sun kasance masu zafi sosai, kuma lokacin hunturu na 2024-2025 ya kasance saboda watan Janairu mai zafi. Ruwan sama a cikin hunturu ya fi sauka a cikin nau'in dusar ƙanƙara, amma ruwan sama yana yiwuwa, wanda aka lura da shi sau da yawa a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Rufin dusar ƙanƙara yawanci yana da tsayi 30-40 cm. Lokacin hunturu na yanayi (watau, lokacin da ke da matsakaicin zafin jiki na yau da kullun a ƙasa da 0 ° C) yana da kimanin kwanaki 131-132, yawanci yana farawa a tsakiyar Nuwamba kuma yana ƙare a cikin shekaru goma na uku na Maris. Lokacin bazara shine mafi yawan lokaci na shekara a Moscow. A watan Maris da Afrilu, sauye-sauyen zafin jiki na yau da kullun ya fi girma kuma zai iya wucewa 15 ° C. A cikin shekaru ashirin da suka gabata, Maris ya zama wata tare da yanayin zafi mai kyau, amma watan da kansa ya riƙe yanayin da ba shi da tabbas, kuma alal misali, a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata akwai rubuce-rubuce masu kyau a watan Maris (Maris 25, 2014 +19.7 °C cikakkiyar rikodin ne a cikin tarihin abubuwan lura da yanayi) da kuma rikodin da ba su da kyau (Maris 18, 2018 -19.7 ° C - rikodin ƙarni).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Погода в Москве - климатический монитор за март 2024 года |url=http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/monitor.php?id=27612&month=3&year=2024 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250123155311/http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/monitor.php?id=27612&month=3&year=2024 |archive-date=2025-01-23 |access-date=2025-01-07 |website=www.pogodaiklimat.ru}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-07 |title=«Изменчивый март и жаркий май»: москвичам рассказали о погоде предстоящей весной - Газета.Ru {{!}} Новости |url=https://www.gazeta.ru/social/news/2024/03/01/22453934.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250107020857/https://www.gazeta.ru/social/news/2024/03/01/22453934.shtml |archive-date=2025-01-07 |access-date=2025-01-07 |website=Газета.Ru |language=ru}}</ref> Daga shekara zuwa shekara, dangane da yaduwar yanayi, Maris na iya zama ko dai gaba ɗaya bazara (tare da cikakkiyar rashin dusar ƙanƙara da farkon ciyayi a ƙarshen watan), ko kuma gaba ɗaya hunturu (tare da sanyi har zuwa -15 ° C da ƙasa). Duk da haka, har yanzu ana iya la'akari da watan farko na kalandar bazara a matsayin watan hunturu maimakon watan bazara, misali a 1991, 1993, 1994, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2006, 2009, 2011, 2012, 2021 kuma musamman a 2005, 2013 da 2018, Maris ya zama sanyi, amma dangane da alamun zafin jiki bai bambanta sosai daga Fabrairu na waɗannan shekarun ba. [[Fayil:May_2007_heat.JPG|thumb|Vorobyovy Gory. Rashin zafi a ƙarshen Mayu 2007]] Tsawon sa'o'in hasken rana da sauye-sauye akai-akai (mafi girman watan ya kai +3 ° C) yana tunatar da kusantar bazara a watan Maris. Longitude na rana a ƙarshen watan yana da sa'o'i 13, kuma rana tana daidai da tsayi kamar a tsakiyar kaka. Saboda wannan, zafin iska a wasu kwanaki na iya kaiwa +5. +10 °C, wani lokacin +15 °C a ƙarshen watan, kodayake bazara ta yanayi a Moscow yawanci tana faruwa bayan equinox na bazara, a cikin shekaru goma na uku na Maris, lokacin da matsakaicin zafin jiki na yau da kullun ya zama mai kyau kuma dusar ƙanƙara ta fara faɗuwa. Idan Afrilu gabaɗaya ta riƙe matsayin wata mai ɗorewa, tare da dawowar yanayi mai sanyi da karkatarwa daga ka'idodin zafin jiki, ban da Afrilu 2025, wanda ya sami damar saita rikodin zafin jiki kusa da ƙimar Yuni a cikin wata kalanda kuma ya dawo da dusar ƙanƙara na ɗan lokaci, to Mayu ta sake maimaita makomar Maris, kasancewa wata mai sauyawa da yanayin yana da halin da ba za a iya tsammani ba. Don haka Mayu 2007, 2012, 2013, 2018, 2019, 2021, Kuma wani bangare 2024 za a iya kiran watanni na rani. ; amma a cikin wannan shekarar, 2024, duk da farkon lokacin rani na yanayi, yanayin yanayi ya canza kwatsam a cikin wata daya, don haka dusar ƙanƙara ta fadi a ranar 9 ga Mayu, kuma lokacin rani ya fara a Moscow a ranar 17 ga Mayu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Погода в Москве - климатический монитор за май 2024 года |url=http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/monitor.php?id=27612&month=5&year=2024 |access-date=2025-01-07 |website=www.pogodaiklimat.ru}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-05-09 |title=Метеоролог Леус: третий раз за последние 70 лет в Москве отмечена погодная «аномалия» |url=https://www.mk.ru/social/2024/05/09/meteorolog-leus-tretiy-raz-za-poslednie-70-let-v-moskve-otmechena-pogodnaya-anomaliya.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250107020856/https://www.mk.ru/social/2024/05/09/meteorolog-leus-tretiy-raz-za-poslednie-70-let-v-moskve-otmechena-pogodnaya-anomaliya.html |archive-date=2025-01-07 |access-date=2025-01-07 |website=www.mk.ru |language=ru}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-05-21 |title=Лето пришло в Москву раньше климатической нормы |url=https://news.ru/moskva/leto-prishlo-v-moskvu-ranshe-klimaticheskoj-normy/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250107020856/https://news.ru/moskva/leto-prishlo-v-moskvu-ranshe-klimaticheskoj-normy/ |archive-date=2025-01-07 |access-date=2025-01-07 |website=NEWS.ru |language=ru}}</ref> Lokacin bazara a Moscow yana da matsakaici zafi tare da matsakaicin zafin jiki na +17 ° C a watan Yuni zuwa +19 . +21 °C a watan Yuli da Agusta. Sau da yawa a lokacin rani, yanayin zafi na iya kaiwa +31. +33 °C a rana, kuma sama da +20 °C da dare, amma a matsayin doka, irin wannan zafi ba ya tsayawa fiye da kwanaki 3-4, kuma an maye gurbinsa da tsawa, yana buga zafin jiki zuwa +23. +25 °C. Lokacin bazara (lokaci daga lokacin da matsakaicin zafin jiki na yau da kullun shine aƙalla +15 ° C na fiye da kwanaki 5 a jere zuwa lokacin da matsakaiciyar zafin jiki ta yau da kullun ta kasance ƙasa da +15 °C na fiye da kwana 5 a jere) a Moscow yana da matsakaitan kwanaki 108: daga tsakiyar - ƙarshen Mayu zuwa farkon Satumba.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Источник |url=https://www.msk.kp.ru/daily/27631/4982731/?month=5&year=2024 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250123042335/https://www.msk.kp.ru/daily/27631/4982731/?month=5&year=2024 |archive-date=2025-01-23 |access-date=2024-09-10}}</ref> Matsakaicin lokacin rani ya kai kwanaki 136 kuma an kiyaye shi a 2024, lokacin da rani ya kasance daga Mayu 17 zuwa Satumba 29. * Mafi yawan ruwan sama ya fadi a watan Yuli - 84 mm.<ref name="Климат Москвы">{{Cite web |title=Температура воздуха для г. Москвы |url=http://pogoda.ru.net/climate/27612.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130422052528/http://www.pogoda.ru.net/climate/27612.htm |archive-date=2013-04-22 |access-date=2007-09-16 |publisher=Погода и климат}}</ref> * A matsakaici, zafin jiki ya wuce +30 ° C na kwanaki 5-6 a kowane kakar.<ref name="PRO Погоду">{{Cite web |title=Лето возвращается, когда его уже перестали ждать |url=http://www.propogodu.ru/1/6627/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120504173312/http://propogodu.ru/1/6627/ |archive-date=2012-05-04 |access-date=2008-10-10 |publisher=news.gismeteo.ru}}</ref> Farkon lokacin rani yana da yanayin da ba shi da tabbas, tare da jerin kwanakin dumi da sanyi; tsawa yana da yawa, kuma ƙanƙara yana yiwuwa. A wasu shekaru, an yi rikodin mummunar guguwa (Yuni 25, 1957, Yuni 20, 1998, Mayu 29, 2017) har ma da guguwa.<ref name="История Бутово. Смерч 1904 года.">{{Cite web |title=История Бутово. СМЕРЧ 1904 ГОДА |url=http://www.butovonet.ru/index.php/index.php/upload/index.php?ip=Istoriy&doc=20 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304075814/http://www.butovonet.ru/index.php/index.php/upload/index.php?ip=Istoriy&doc=20 |archive-date=2016-03-04 |access-date=2009-02-10 |publisher=На основе статьи А. Никулина, Музей Истории Бутова}}</ref><ref name="www.hmn.ru">{{Cite web |title=Климат Москвы. Лето. |url=http://www.hmn.ru:8101/index1.php?submited=2&code=23&url_to=/texts/climat_w/moscow/climat_summer.htm |url-status=dead |publisher=Данио-Пресс, Москва}}</ref> A watan Yuli, irin yanayin anticyclonic yawanci yana da rinjaye. A wasu shekaru, akwai kuma yanayin sanyi tare da yanayin zafi na rana a kusa da +15 ° C da yanayin zafi da dare a ƙasa da +10 ° C, amma yawanci yana ɗaukar kwanaki da yawa, yayin da rana ke saurin dumama iska mai sanyi. Mafi girman zafi na lokacin rani a Moscow da kuma mafi girman haɗarin wuta a yankin Moscow suna faruwa a ƙarshen Yuli da farkon Agusta. [[Fayil:Moscow,_Yasenevo,_August_6_2010.jpg|thumb|Smog a Moscow. Agusta 6, 2010 12:55 PM]] Agusta yana da yanayin zafi har ma da kwanakin zafi (har zuwa +28 ° C da sama), amma dare yana da sanyi a hankali saboda raguwar sa'o'in hasken rana da karuwar duhu, kodayake wannan yana bayyane galibi a waje da birnin, dare yana da zafi sosai a cikin Moscow. Rabin na biyu na watan Agusta ya riga ya sa kansa ya ji a bayyane ta hanyar alamun kusantar kaka: [[ganye]] a kan bishiyoyi suna fara zama rawaya, da dai sauransu. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na yau da kullun a watan Agusta yana raguwa daga 18.9 ° C a ranar 1 zuwa 14.4 ° C a kan 31st; shekaru goma na uku na wannan watan yawanci "lokaci" ne bisa ga alamun yanayi. Agusta kuma na iya tunatar da ku game da kusantar kaka tare da ruwan sama da rigar yanayi. Agusta 2016 ya zama ruwan sama musamman, lokacin da 87.8 mm na hazo (107% na al'ada ta kowane wata) ya fadi a rana a ranar 15 ga Agusta, wanda shine cikakkiyar rikodin Moscow a cikin tarihin abubuwan lura da yanayi. An yi rikodin ambaliyar ruwa da yawa, kuma a yankin titin Noma, Kogin Yauza ya cika bakin kogin. Ya kasance lokacin rani mai zafi a cikin karni na 21 na 2001, 2002, 2007, 2010, 2011, 2016, 2021, 2022 da 2024, kuma lokacin rani na 2010 shine mafi zafi a rikodin, lokacin da aka saita rikodin zafin jiki da yawa. Yuli 2014 ita ce Yuli mafi bushewa a tarihin abubuwan lura da yanayi a Moscow (kawai 4.4 mm na hazo ya fadi <ref>{{Cite web |title=01.08.2014: В Москве июль 2014 г. стал самым сухим за историю метеонаблюдений<!-- Заголовок добавлен ботом --> |url=http://meteoinfo.ru/news/1-2009-10-01-09-03-06/9579-01082014----2014------ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140810070300/http://meteoinfo.ru/news/1-2009-10-01-09-03-06/9579-01082014----2014------ |archive-date=2014-08-10 |access-date=2014-08-01}}</ref>), kuma Agusta 2016 ita ce Agusta mafi zafi a tarihin abubuwan da aka lura da yanayi (166.6 mm na hazo). Lokacin bazara na 2003 da 2017 ya zama mai sanyi (amma a cikin kewayon al'ada) saboda sanyi Yunin (lokacin 2017 ya kasance saboda sanyi Yuli), da kuma lokacin rani na 2019 saboda sanyi Yuli da sanyi Agusta. === Lokacin kaka === [[Fayil:Beloe-ozero-kosino.jpg|thumb|Yankin rairayin bakin teku a Tafkin Beloe a Kosino a ranar 7 ga Satumba, 2024]] Lokacin kaka a Moscow yana da tsawo, tare da dawowar zafi akai-akai, amma duk da wannan, kaka shine mafi kyawun lokacin shekara. Lokacin bazara ya ƙare tare da raguwa a cikin matsakaicin zafin jiki na yau da kullun a ƙasa da +15 ° C, wanda a cikin 1991-2010 ya faru a kwanakin ƙarshe na Agusta, kuma a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata - a cikin kwanakin farko na Satumba. Satumba yawanci ana nuna shi da yanayin zafi da bushewa tare da karatun zafin rana na +16. +18 °C da +8.. +10 °C da dare. Akwai kwanakin sanyi tare da girgije da ruwan sama, da kuma yanayin zafi na rani ya dawo zuwa +20... +25 °C a rana - abin da ake kira lokacin rani na Indiya. A lokaci guda, dare ya riga ya yi sanyi, kuma sanyi na farko ya zo a ƙarshen Satumba da farkon Oktoba. Amma a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata, Satumba ya kasance yana ƙara matsakaicin zafin jiki na kowane wata zuwa game da dabi'un bazara, kuma Satumba 2018, 2023 da 2024 ana iya kiran su watanni na rani gaba ɗaya.<ref name="автоссылка1">{{Cite web |title=Погода в Москве - климатический монитор за сентябрь 2024 года |url=http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/monitor.php?id=27612&month=9&year=2024 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250123141054/http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/monitor.php?id=27612&month=9&year=2024 |archive-date=2025-01-23 |access-date=2025-01-07 |website=www.pogodaiklimat.ru}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-28 |title=Сентябрь для Москвы стал четвертым летним месяцем |url=https://rg.ru/2023/09/28/reg-cfo/sentiabr-dlia-moskvy-stal-chetvertym-letnim-mesiacem.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250107020855/https://rg.ru/2023/09/28/reg-cfo/sentiabr-dlia-moskvy-stal-chetvertym-letnim-mesiacem.html |archive-date=2025-01-07 |access-date=2025-01-07 |website=Российская газета |language=ru}}</ref> [[Fayil:Золотая_осень..jpg|thumb|Golden Ear fountain a cikin kaka. Oktoba 2009]] A farkon watan Oktoba, kaka ya zo cikin kansa. Thermometers yawanci suna kaiwa +10 a rana. +12 °C, kuma da dare +4.. +6 °C. A farkon rabin watan, dawowar zafi har yanzu yana yiwuwa, lokacin da rana ta kai +15. 20 °C, kuma da dare game da +10 °C (a cikin karni na 21, irin wannan zafi yana faruwa kusan kowace shekara a watan Oktoba, kuma ba a sake la'akari da shi ba). Amma tun daga tsakiyar Oktoba, yanayin ya saita hanya don hunturu: ya zama ruwan sama da guguwa, sa'o'in hasken rana ƙasa da awanni 10, yana daskarewa sau da yawa da dare, wani lokacin dusar ƙanƙara ta farko ta faɗi (yawanci kawai tana tashi a cikin iska). Matsakaicin zafin jiki na yau da kullun ya sauka ƙasa da +5 ° C a ranar 20 ga Oktoba. A lokaci guda, babban anticyclone sau da yawa yakan isa tsakiyar Rasha a cikin shekaru goma na uku na Oktoba - farkon Nuwamba, wanda ke sa yanayin zafi na iska ya isa ya isa a wannan lokacin na kwanaki da yawa - har zuwa +10. +15 °C. Na farko (na wucin gadi) murfin dusar ƙanƙara yawanci yana samuwa a cikin kwanakin ƙarshe na Oktoba - kwanakin farko na Nuwamba.  A matsayinka na mai mulki, yana narke nan da nan, saboda ƙasa bai riga ya kwantar da hankali sosai ba, kuma a wannan lokacin aikin sufuri na yamma yana da girma, wanda ya ba da damar yawan zafin jiki na yau da kullum ya kasance mai kyau.  Yanayin iska yana mamaye sosai a cikin Nuwamba (saboda yawan zafi na yanayi), kodayake lokacin wucewar anticyclones, yanayin yana da zafi sosai a watan Nuwamba (har zuwa +10 ° C da sama da rana).  A wasu shekaru, dusar ƙanƙara ta farko tana tare da kankara.  Haka lamarin ya kasance, musamman a tsakanin ranakun 30-31 ga Oktoba, 2012, lokacin da aka yi ruwan sama mai tsananin zafi a birnin Moscow.  An kuma lura da ruwan sama mai sanyin ƙanƙara da ke faɗowa a yanayin zafin iska a Moscow a ranar 3 ga Nuwamba, 2014. Matsakaicin zafin rana yana faɗuwa ƙasa da 0 ° C a tsakiyar Nuwamba, kuma an kafa barga dusar ƙanƙara da yanayin yanayin hunturu a ƙarshen Nuwamba.  Duk da haka, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, saboda sauyin yanayi, hunturu yakan fara faruwa daga baya fiye da na al'ada: a cikin hunturu 2005-2006, 2008-2009, 2009-2010, 2011-2012, 2014-2015, 2020-2021, 2024-2021-2021-2020  barga murfin dusar ƙanƙara da sanyi mai tsanani har zuwa farkon ko tsakiyar Disamba;  a cikin hunturu na 2015-2016, har zuwa karshen Disamba;  a cikin hunturu 2006-2007, 2013-2014 da 2017-2018 kafin farkon ko har tsakiyar Janairu;  kuma a cikin hunturu na 2019-2020, har zuwa karshen Janairu ko farkon Fabrairu.  A lokaci guda, akwai shekaru na abnormally farkon snowfall da farkon hunturu (1993 - marigayi Oktoba, 2007 - farkon Nuwamba, 2016 - marigayi Oktoba).  Satumba 2024 a Moscow ya zama mafi zafi ga duk lokacin kallon yanayi tun 1779<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-02-08 |title=Летопись погоды в Москве |url=http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/history/27612.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191230092308/http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/history/27612.htm |archive-date=2019-12-30 |access-date=2020-01-18 |website=Погода и климат |language=ru}}</ref> tare da matsakaicin zafin jiki na kowane wata na +17.1 ° C (rikodin da ya gabata ya kasance +17.0 ° C kuma ya kasance na 1847, wato, rikodin ya buga ta mafi ƙasƙanci 0.1 ° C <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-10-01 |title=Сентябрь в Москве стал самым тёплым за всю историю |url=http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/news/24152/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241015041051/http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/news/24152/ |archive-date=2024-10-15 |access-date=2025-02-08 |website=Метеоновости |language=ru}}</ref>). == Canjin yanayi == A cikin 'yan shekarun da suka gabata, musamman tun daga shekarun 1970, yanayin birni yana samun dumi, kuma matsakaicin zafin shekara-shekara yana ƙaruwa.<ref name="pogoda.ru.net">{{Cite web |date=2009-01-11 |title=Тренд среднегодовой температуры (Архив), см. МГУ + ТСХА + ВВЦ |url=http://www.pogoda.ru.net/data/27612.zip |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/65XneqPjs?url=http://www.pogoda.ru.net/data/27612.zip |archive-date=2012-02-18 |access-date=2009-02-09 |publisher=[[pogoda.ru.net]] |language=ru}}</ref> Dalilan wannan tsari na iya zama dumama duniya da yanayin yanayi na halitta, da kuma ci gaba da ci gaban birnin (ƙaruwar yawan jama'a, yawan motoci, da sauransu). Matsakaicin zafin jiki a cikin shekaru goma: * 1969 - 1978 - +4,8 °C * 1979 - 1988 - +5,0 °C * 1989 - 1998 - +5,7 °C * 1999 - 2008 - +6,3 °C * 2009 - 2018 - +6,8 °C * 2019 - 2028 - +7,3 °C * 2029 - 2038 - +7,8 °C * 2039 - 2048 - +8,3 °C * 2049 - 2058 - +8,8 °C * 2059 - 2068 - +9.3 °C * 2069 - 2078 - +9.8 °C * 2079 - 2088 - +10,3 °C * 2089 - 2098 - +10,8 °C === Amfani da ka'idojin yanayi daban-daban === Tun 2011, ana iya amfani da ka'idodin dake jerin 1981-2010 don kwatanta yanayin zamani na Moscow.  Koyaya, babban ma'auni na yanayi (na hukuma), bisa ga umarnin Hukumar Kula da Yanayi ta Duniya, sun kasance ƙa'idodin da aka ƙididdige lokacin 1961-1990.  A lokaci guda kuma, ya kamata a tuna cewa "ka'ida" na ka'idoji wani ra'ayi ne mai mahimmanci, kuma WMO yana ba da damar yin amfani da ka'idoji don lokacin 1971-2010, 1981-2010.  Har ila yau, yawancin sabis na hydrometeorological na ƙasashen Turai (British METOFFICE) da NOAA na Amurka sun canza zuwa ka'idodin 1981-2010 don kwatanta yanayin zamani.  A lokaci guda kuma, Cibiyar Hydrometeorological ta Rasha mai ra'ayin mazan jiya, saboda rashin isassun kudade da rashin yawan ƙwararrun ma'aikata, ba ta sake ƙididdige ƙa'idodi na sabbin lokuta.  Don haka, ka'idodin da aka lissafta don lokutan 1971-2000 har ma fiye da 1961-1990 ba za su iya nuna yanayin yanayin Moscow ba, ba su cika ka'idodin haƙƙin mallaka ba saboda canjin yanayi wanda ba a iya musantawa da haɓaka matsakaicin zazzabi na shekara-shekara. Dangane da ka'idojin 1981-2010, watan da ya fi sanyi shine Fabrairu (kuma ba Janairu ba, kamar yadda ya gabata). Wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar cewa a watan Fabrairu, aikin Atlantic yana raguwa, kuma kwararar guguwa tana raguwa. Yawan anticyclones, wanda ke kawo sanyi da yanayin bushe, yana ƙaruwa. == Iska == === Saurin iska === Matsakaicin saurin iska yana da yawa. A cikin birni yana kusa da mita 5 a kowace dakika; a wuraren budewa da filayen jirgin sama yana iya saman mita 6 a kowace dakika. ==== Guguwar iska da guguwa ==== Sau da yawa a kowane kakar, sau da yawa a lokacin Mayu-Satumba a lokacin tsawa, saurin iska na iya wucewa mita 15-35 a kowane dakika. Guguwar iska mai karfi ta ƙarshe ta kasance a cikin 1998, lokacin da saurin iska ya kasance mita 30-35 a kowace dakika. Mutane 157 sun ji rauni, 8 sun mutu, kuma gine-gine 2157 sun lalace.<ref name="Hurricanes in regions of Russia">{{Cite web |date=10 July 2007 |title=Hurricanes in regions of Russia 1998-2007 |url=http://www.rian.ru/spravka/20070710/68678578.html |access-date=March 23, 2009 |language=ru}}</ref> An yi rikodin guguwa a cikin 1904 da 1945 a Moscow kuma a cikin 1970, 1971, Guguwar Yaroslavl ta 1984, 1987, 1994, da 1997 a Moscow Oblast 100 km kudu maso gabashin Moscow (kusa da Zaraysk), a cikin 2005 a Dubna, kuma a ranar 3 ga Agusta 2007 a Krasnogorsk . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Meteoweb.ru {{pipe}} Народная метеорология {{pipe}} Красногорский смерч. Наблюдательная программа "Ураган" |url=http://www.meteoweb.ru/uragan002.php}}</ref>{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=September 2019}}&nbsp; A cikin guguwa ta 3 Yuni 2009, F3 da aka yi rajista a kusa da Sergiyev Posad, Moscow oblast.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Я в шоке! - mutterdu |url=http://mutterdu.livejournal.com/12810.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160115082953/http://mutterdu.livejournal.com/12810.html |archive-date=2016-01-15 |access-date=2017-02-24}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Смерч в Подмосковье - Thumbs up |url=http://4annel.livejournal.com/60396.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160115082953/http://4annel.livejournal.com/60396.html |archive-date=2016-01-15 |access-date=2017-02-24}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right;" !Jan !Fabrairu !Tekun !Afrilu !Mayu !Yuni !Yuli !Aug !Satumba !Oktoba !Nuwamba !Disamba !shekara |- |2.5 |2.5 |2.5 |2.5 |2.2 |2.1 |1.9 |1.8 |2.0 |2.4 |2.5 |2.6 |2.3 |} == Rashin hankali da hasken rana == === Yawan kwanakin da suka bayyana, da girgije da kuma duhu === A matsakaita Moscow tana da sa'o'i 1731 na hasken rana a cikin shekara.<ref name="Ref-1">{{Cite web |title=2008 was the warmest year in Moscow history (in Russian) |url=http://pogoda.ru.net/weathernews.php?id=3284 |access-date=2009-02-05 |archive-date=2020-04-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200413063246/http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/weathernews.php?id=3284 |url-status=dead }}</ref> A cikin 2004-2008, kusa da 1800-2000 hours.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sunshine hours in 2007 (in Russian) |url=http://meteoweb.ru/cl006-4.php |access-date=2009-02-21}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right;" ! !Jan !Fabrairu !Tekun !Afrilu !Mayu !Yuni !Yuli !Aug !Satumba !Oktoba !Nuwamba !Disamba !shekara |- !Hasken rana |8 |9 |10 |8 |11 |7 |8 |10 |8 |5 |3 |4 |82 |- !Rashin hasken rana |11 |10 |13 |17 |16 |20 |20 |17 |16 |13 |9 |10 |184 |- !Ruwan sama |12 |9 |9 |5 |4 |3 |4 |4 |6 |12 |18 |17 |98 |} Tsawon hasken rana ya dogara da matsayin ƙasa na Moscow. Ya bambanta daga sa'o'i 7 00 minti a ranar 22 ga Disamba zuwa sa'o-i 17 minti 34 a ranar 22 ta Yuni. Matsakaicin tsawo na rana sama da sararin samaniya shine 11 ° a ranar 22 ga Disamba da 58 ° a ranar 22. Kusa da ranar bazara (22 ga Yuni), rana ba ta faɗuwa ƙasa da -12 °, don haka faɗuwar ruwa yana faruwa a cikin wannan lokacin.  Duk da haka, lighting na kewayawa maraice bai isa ga al'ada mutum aiki, don haka tituna bukatar wucin gadi haske, kuma an yi imani da cewa babu abin da ake kira farin dare a Moscow, ko da yake sama ya zauna duhu blue, kuma ba baki, kamar yadda, misali, a kudancin Rasha. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" !Sa'o'i !Jan (sa'o'i) !Fabrairu (hours) !Mar (sa'o'i) !Apr (hours) !Mayu (hours) !Jun (sa'o'i) !Yuli (sa'o'i) !Aug (hours) !Satumba (sa'o'i) !Oktoba (hours) !Nuwamba (hour) !Dec (hours) |- !Rana |7.9 |9.7 |11.9 |14.3 |16.3 |17.4 |16.8 |14.9 |12.7 |10.5 |8.4 |7.2 |- !Dare |16.1 |14.3 |12.1 |9.7 |7.7 |6.6 |7.2 |9.1 |11.3 |13.5 |15.6 |16.8 |- |} {{Commonscat|Climate of Moscow}} * Tashar yanayi ta VVC * Yanayin Rasha * 1904 Guguwar Moscow * 1984 Yaduwar guguwa ta Tarayyar Soviet * Guguwar Krasnozavodsk ta 2009 [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] lsrz9oljh3d3fg3zv65ked2dtljo9tl 0 108651 829609 719373 2026-05-04T13:51:51Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 7 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829609 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''CPEIR''' ( '''Kashe Kuɗi na Jama'a da Binciken Cibiyoyi)''' kayan aiki ne don dubawa da tantance kashe kuɗin jama'a da [[Canjin yanayi|canjin yanayi.]] CPEIR kuma tana kimanta hukumomin jama'a, abokan ci gaba da CSOs waɗanda ke da hannu a cikin kuɗin canjin yanayi. An fara gabatar da CPEIR a [[Nepal]] a cikin 2011 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nepal : Climate Public Expenditure and Institutional Review (CPEIR) |url=http://www.climatefinance-developmenteffectiveness.org/sites/default/files/documents/03_02_15/Nepal_CPEIR_Report_2011.pdf |access-date=2015-06-26 |publisher=Climatefinance-developmenteffectiveness.org }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> tare da tallafi daga [[United Nations Development Programme|UNDP]] . Daga nan ne aka kaddamar da shi a kasashe da dama a [[Asia-Pacific|yankin Asiya da tekun Pasifik]], sai kuma [[Afirka]] da [[Latin America|Latin Amurka]] . Ya zuwa watan Yuni 2015, akwai kasashen Asiya 19 a [[Asiya]], kasashen Afirka tara da kasashen Latin Amurka shida da ke amfani da CPEIRs. Sauran abokan ci gaba (misali Bankin Duniya ) su ma sun goyi bayan waɗannan tsare-tsare. A yawancin ƙasashe an yi CPEIR a matakin kasafin jihohi / tarayya. Koyaya, wasu ƙasashe sun yi amfani da CPEIR a matakin ƙasa (misali [[Pakistan]] ). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-05-25 |title=Climate Public Expenditure Institutional Review &#124; UNDP in Pakistan |url=http://www.pk.undp.org/content/pakistan/en/home/library/environment_energy/climate-public-expenditure-institutional-review/ |access-date=2015-06-26 |publisher=Pk.undp.org}}</ref> Kasashen CPEIR, tun daga watan Yuni 2015. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-11-07 |title=Home &#124; Governance of Climate Change Finance for Asia-Pacific |url=http://www.climatefinance-developmenteffectiveness.org/ |access-date=2015-06-26 |publisher=Climatefinance-developmenteffectiveness.org}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" !Asiya ! Afirka ! Latin Amurka ! Turai |- | [http://www.climatefinance-developmenteffectiveness.org/sites/default/files/documents/20_02_58/CPEIR%20Bangladesh%20Final%20Report%202012.pdf Bangladesh]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} | [[Itofiya|Habasha]] | [[Chile]] | [http://www.nature-ic.am/Content/announcements/12717/CPEIR_Armenia_ENG.pdf Armeniya] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230531055203/http://www.nature-ic.am/Content/announcements/12717/CPEIR_Armenia_ENG.pdf |date=2023-05-31 }} |- | [http://www.climatefinance-developmenteffectiveness.org/sites/default/files/documents/25_02_58/Cambodia_CPEIR.pdf Kambodiya]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} | [[Kenya]] | [[Kolombiya|Colombia]] |- | [http://www.cn.undp.org/content/dam/china/docs/Publications/UNDP-CH-CC-ReportCPEIR.pdf China] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150623103935/http://www.cn.undp.org/content/dam/china/docs/Publications/UNDP-CH-CC-ReportCPEIR.pdf |date=2015-06-23 }} | [[Mozambik|Mozambique]] | [[Salvador|El Salvador]] |- | [[Fiji]] | [[Uganda]] | [[Honduras]] |- | [http://www.climatefinance-developmenteffectiveness.org/sites/default/files/documents/03_02_15/Indonesia_MFF_report.pdf Indonesia]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} | | [[Nicaragua]] |- | [[Kiribati]] | | |- | [[Nauru]] | | |- | [http://www.climatefinance-developmenteffectiveness.org/sites/default/files/documents/03_02_15/Nepal_CPEIR_Report_2011.pdf Nepal]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} | | |- | [http://www.pk.undp.org/content/dam/pakistan/docs/Environment%20&%20Climate%20Change/UNDP%20Climate%20Report%20V10.pdf Pakistan] | | |- | [[Filipin|Philippines]] | | |- | [http://www.climatefinance-developmenteffectiveness.org/sites/default/files/documents/03_02_15/cpeir%20samoa%20content_for%20web.pdf Samoa]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} | | |- | [http://www.climatefinance-developmenteffectiveness.org/sites/default/files/documents/03_02_15/thailand%20cpeir%20report_final_24%20june.pdf Tailandia]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} | | |- | [[Vietnam]] | | |} Hanyar CPEIR gabaɗaya ta dogara ne akan aikin Bankin Duniya na Bitar Kuɗi na Jama'a (PER). Koyaya, ba kamar PERs ba, tsarin CPEIR yana kuma yin nazarin tsarin cibiyoyin kuɗin jama'a na canjin yanayi. Wannan ƙari ga daidaitaccen tsari na PER yana faruwa ne saboda ƙetare yanayin kuɗaɗen canjin yanayi. Wannan yanayin ƙetare kuma yana tasiri tsarin bita. A cikin PER na yau da kullun, bayanan kashe kuɗin jama'a gabaɗaya yana da sauƙin samuwa, yana buƙatar ƙaramin ƙoƙari don samun cikakkun bayanan kuɗin da ake buƙata akan kashe kuɗin da aka tsara da kuma ainihin kashe kuɗin gwamnati. Duk da haka, tsarin kididdiga na gwamnati ba a rubuta abubuwan kashe kuɗin canjin yanayi a sarari (kamar rabe-raben GFS). Ya bambanta da PER, hanyoyin CPEIR suna kashe mafi yawan ƙoƙarce-ƙoƙarce akan tattarawa da daidaita bayanan kuɗi akan abubuwan da aka kashe na canjin yanayi. Wannan ƙarin matakin yana ba da bayanan da gwamnatoci ba su mallaki kansu ba, duk da cewa CPEIRs galibi suna amfani da ɗanyen bayanan gwamnati kan kasafin kuɗi. Duk da mahimmancin ƙimar CPEIR ga ilimin abubuwan da ke da alaƙa da canjin yanayi, ƙalubalen tattara bayanai yana kawo ƙarin hasara. CPEIRs ba su ba da hankali sosai ga inganci da [[inganci]] na kashe kuɗin jama'a idan aka kwatanta da PERs. Wannan ba sifofi ba ne na CPEIRs amma ƙalubalen juyin halitta/matsayi na CPEIRs wanda zai iya canzawa cikin lokaci. Mafi aminci da tsari na bayanai akan CPEIRs an tattara su ta UNDP Asia-Pacific Regional Center (UNDP Bangkok Regional Hub) kuma an buga ta kan layi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-11-07 |title=Home &#124; Governance of Climate Change Finance for Asia-Pacific |url=http://www.climatefinance-developmenteffectiveness.org |access-date=2015-06-26 |publisher=Climatefinance-developmenteffectiveness.org}}</ref> Hakanan ana samun bayanan bayanai akan CPEIRs akan layi. <ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=CPEIR Country Database &#124; Governance of Climate Change Finance for Asia-Pacific |url=http://www.climatefinance-developmenteffectiveness.org/CPEIR-Database |access-date=2015-06-26 |publisher=Climatefinance-developmenteffectiveness.org |archive-date=2015-06-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150627022037/http://www.climatefinance-developmenteffectiveness.org/CPEIR-Database |url-status=dead }}</ref> UNDP ta kuma gudanar da nazarin darussan tsarin CPEIR da aka koya a watan Nuwamba 2012.. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Climate Public Expenditure and Institutional Reviews (CPEIRs) in the Asia-Pacific Region : what Have We Learnt? |url=http://www.asia-pacific.undp.org/content/dam/rbap/docs/Research%20%26%20Publications/democratic_governance/APRC-DG-2012-CPEIR-LessonsLearnt.pdf |access-date=2015-06-26 |publisher=Asia-pacific.iundp.org |archive-date=2015-06-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150623145845/http://www.asia-pacific.undp.org/content/dam/rbap/docs/Research%20%26%20Publications/democratic_governance/APRC-DG-2012-CPEIR-LessonsLearnt.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} k0d51uvzggyj9g5y4ss0ulgq24baqoo 0 108659 829660 699756 2026-05-04T20:53:59Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829660 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Extinction_Rebellion_Redeclaration,_Bournemouth_Square,_14th_Sept_2019_(48815716471).jpg|thumb|Rashin Gabatarwa na Tawayen, Bournemouth Square, 14 Satumba 2019) ]] An yi [[Sanarwar gaggawa ta yanayi|Sanarwar gaggawa na sauyi yanayi]] ta hanyar aiko da rubutu akan hanya a Burtaniya, gami da birni, gundumar, da majalisun gari. An kuma gabatar da takardun shaida don bayyana yanayin gaggawa a wasu yankuna da yawa. == Kasar kasa == A watan Mayun 2019, Majalisar Dokokin Burtaniya ta amince da kudirin ayyana dokar ta-baci ta yanayi, inda ta zama majalisar kasa ta farko da ta yi hakan.  Shugaban ‘yan adawa na lokacin Jeremy Corbyn ne ya gabatar da [[Ƙudujin fadama|kudurin]] ba tare da rarrabuwa ba tare da goyon bayan bangarorin biyu, duk da cewa ministocin ba su goyi bayan hakan ba.. == Yankunan da aka ba su == {| class="wikitable sortable" |+Yankunan da aka ba da izini waɗanda suka ayyana gaggawa ta yanayi !Majalisar dokoki !An ayyana gaggawa ta yanayi !Ranar |- |Majalisar dokokin Gibraltar|| {{Yes}} |3 ga Mayu 2019 |- |[[Isle of Man|Tsibirin Man]]|| {{Yes}} |18 Yuni 2019 |- |[[Jersey]]|| {{Yes}} |2 ga Mayu 2019 |- |Taron Arewacin Ireland|| {{Yes}} |3 Fabrairu 2020 |- |Majalisar dokokin Scotland|| {{Yes}} |28 ga Afrilu 2019 |- |Senedd|| {{Yes}} |29 ga Afrilu 2019 |- |} == Gidauniyar == === Ingila === ==== Majalisar gundumar ==== {| class="wikitable sortable" |+Majalisar gundumar Ingila da ta ayyana gaggawa ta yanayi !Majalisar gundumar !An ayyana gaggawa ta yanayi !Ranar |- |Majalisar Gundumar Buckinghamshire|| {{Yes}} |26 Satumba 2019 |- |Majalisar Gundumar Cambridgeshire|| {{Yes}} |14 Mayu 2019 <ref>{{Cite web |title=County Council Minutes |url=https://cambridgeshire.cmis.uk.com/CCC_live/Document.ashx?czJKcaeAi5tUFL1DTL2UE4zNRBcoShgo=oSKQW2tLJiZqt0n%2fhBWiq9t3TvOnL5%2fC6ayCT2JROp2g%2bE0QDs8yWg%3d%3d&rUzwRPf%2bZ3zd4E7Ikn8Lyw%3d%3d=pwRE6AGJFLDNlh225F5QMaQWCtPHwdhUfCZ%2fLUQzgA2uL5jNRG4jdQ%3d%3d&mCTIbCubSFfXsDGW9IXnlg%3d%3d=hFflUdN3100%3d&kCx1AnS9%2fpWZQ40DXFvdEw%3d%3d=hFflUdN3100%3d&uJovDxwdjMPoYv%2bAJvYtyA%3d%3d=ctNJFf55vVA%3d&FgPlIEJYlotS%2bYGoBi5olA%3d%3d=NHdURQburHA%3d&d9Qjj0ag1Pd993jsyOJqFvmyB7X0CSQK=ctNJFf55vVA%3d&WGewmoAfeNR9xqBux0r1Q8Za60lavYmz=ctNJFf55vVA%3d&WGewmoAfeNQ16B2MHuCpMRKZMwaG1PaO=ctNJFf55vVA%3d |access-date=24 January 2021 |website=Cambridgeshire County Council |publisher=Cambridgeshire County Council}}</ref> |- |Majalisar Gundumar Cumbria|| {{No}} | |- |Majalisar Gundumar Derbyshire|| {{No}} | |- |Majalisar Gundumar Devon|| {{Yes}} |21 Fabrairu 2019 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Minutes |url=https://democracy.devon.gov.uk/documents/g2791/Public%20minutes%2021st-Feb-2019%2014.15%20Council.pdf?T=11 |access-date=24 January 2021 |website=Devon County Council |publisher=Devon County Council |archive-date=30 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210130044420/https://democracy.devon.gov.uk/documents/g2791/Public%20minutes%2021st-Feb-2019%2014.15%20Council.pdf?T=11 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |Majalisar Gundumar Gabashin Sussex|| {{Yes}} |15 ga Oktoba 2019 |- |Majalisar Gundumar Essex|| {{No}} | |- |Majalisar Gundumar Gloucestershire|| {{Yes}} |15 ga Mayu 2019 |- |Majalisar Gundumar Hampshire|| {{Yes}} |17 Yuni 2019 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Minutes |url=http://democracy.hants.gov.uk/documents/g5493/Public%20minutes%2017th-Jun-2019%2014.00%20Cabinet.pdf?T=11 |access-date=24 January 2021 |website=Hampshire County Council |publisher=Hampshire County Council |archive-date=3 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210203014650/https://democracy.hants.gov.uk/documents/g5493/Public%20minutes%2017th-Jun-2019%2014.00%20Cabinet.pdf?T=11 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |Majalisar Gundumar Hertfordshire|| {{Yes}} |16 ga Yulin 2019 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hertfordshire County Council |url=https://www.climateemergency.uk/blog/hertfordshire/ |access-date=24 January 2021 |website=Climate Emergency UK |publisher=Climate Emergency UK }}{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> |- |Majalisar Gundumar Kent|| {{Yes}} |23 ga Mayu 2019 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kent Council Minutes |url=https://democracy.kent.gov.uk/documents/g7896/Printed%20minutes%2023rd-May-2019%2010.00%20County%20Council.pdf?T=1 |access-date=24 January 2021 |website=Kent County Council |publisher=Kent County Council}}</ref> |- |Majalisar Gundumar Lancashire|| {{No}} | |- |Majalisar Gundumar Leicestershire|| {{Yes}} |15 ga Mayu 2019 |- |Majalisar Gundumar Lincolnshire|| {{No}} | |- |Majalisar Gundumar Norfolk|| {{No}} | |- |Majalisar Gundumar Arewacin Yorkshire|| {{Yes}} |5 ga Yulin 2022 |- |Majalisar Gundumar Northamptonshire|| {{Yes}} |20 Yuni 2019 <ref>{{Cite web |title=minutes |url=https://cmis.northamptonshire.gov.uk/cmis5live/Document.ashx |access-date=24 January 2021 |website=Northhamptonshire County Council |publisher=Northhamptonshire County Council }}{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> |- |Majalisar Gundumar Nottinghamshire|| {{Yes}} |27 ga Mayu 2021 |- |Majalisar Gundumar Oxfordshire|| {{Yes}} |2 ga Afrilu 2019 |- |Majalisar Gundumar Somerset|| {{Yes}} |20 Fabrairu 2019 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Somerset County Council |url=https://climateemergency.uk/blog/somerset/ |access-date=24 January 2021 |website=Climate Emergency UK |publisher=Climate Emergency UK}}</ref> |- |Majalisar Gundumar Staffordshire|| {{Yes}} |25 ga Yulin 2019 |- |Majalisar Gundumar Suffolk|| {{Yes}} |21 Maris 2019 |- |Majalisar Gundumar Surrey|| {{Yes}} |9 ga Yulin 2019 |- |Majalisar Gundumar Warwickshire|| {{Yes}} |25 ga Yulin 2019 |- |Majalisar Yammacin Sussex County|| {{Yes}} |5 Afrilu 2019 <ref>{{Cite web |title=CLIMATE MOTION PASSED UNANIMOUSLY BY WEST SUSSEX COUNTY COUNCIL |url=https://seclimatealliance.uk/climate-motion-passed-unanimously-by-west-sussex-county-council/ |access-date=24 January 2021 |website=South East Climate Alliance |publisher=South East Climate Alliance}}</ref> |- |Majalisar Gundumar Worcestershire|| {{Yes}} |Yuli 2021 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Worcestershire County Council declared a climate emergency in July 2021.` |url=https://www.worcestershire.gov.uk/sustainability-and-carbon-reduction/action-climate-change |access-date=10 August 2023}}</ref> |- |} ==== Majalisar gundumar ==== {| class="wikitable sortable" |+England district councils that have declared a climate emergency !District Council !Declared a climate emergency !Date |- |Adur District Council|| {{Yes}} |18 July 2019<ref>{{Cite web |title=Agenda and Minutes |url=https://democracy.adur-worthing.gov.uk/ieListDocuments.aspx?CId=159&MId=255&Ver=4 |access-date=28 December 2020 |website=Adur City Council |publisher=Adur City Council |archive-date=20 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220120204259/https://democracy.adur-worthing.gov.uk/ieListDocuments.aspx?CId=159&MId=255&Ver=4 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |Allerdale Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |25 September 2019<ref>{{Cite web |title=Response of the Overview and Scrutiny Committee to Council regarding the Motion on Climate Change February 2020 |url=https://data.climateemergency.uk/media/data/plans/allerdale-borough-council-a8883c5.pdf |access-date=28 December 2020 |website=Allerdale Borough Council |publisher=Allerdale Borough Council}}</ref> |- |Amber Valley Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |24 July 2019 |- |Arun District Council|| {{Yes}} |13 November 2019 |- |Ashfield District Council|| {{No}} |N/A |- |Ashford Borough Council|| {{No}} |Council voted against declaring a climate emergency on 29 July 2019. However, they have pledged to be carbon neutral by 2030. |- |Aylesbury Vale District Council|| {{Yes}} |18 September 2019<ref>{{Cite web |title=Global List of Climate Emergencies |url=https://www.cedamia.org/global/ |access-date=29 December 2020 |website=CEDAMIA |publisher=CEDAMIA}}</ref> |- |Babergh District Council|| {{Yes}} |23 July 2019 |- |Barrow Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |16 July 2019 |- |Basildon Borough Council|| {{No}} |N/A |- |Basingstoke &amp;amp; Deane Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |18 July 2019 |- |Bassetlaw District Council|| {{No}} |Council voted against declaring a climate emergency on 24 June 2021. |- |Blaby District Council|| {{No}} |N/A |- |Bolsover District Council|| {{No}} |Bolsover Council has debated a climate emergency but have not moved a motion for climate emergency.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Climate Emergency |url=http://derbyclimate.org.uk/?p=866 |access-date=30 December 2020 |website=Derby Climate |publisher=Derby Climate}}</ref> |- |Boston Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |20 January 2020 |- |Braintree District Council|| {{Yes}} |22 July 2019 |- |Breckland District Council|| {{No}} | |- |Brentwood Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |21 June 2023 |- |Broadland District Council|| {{Yes}} |27 July 2023 |- |Bromsgrove District Council|| {{Yes}} |24 July 2019 |- |Broxbourne Borough Council|| {{No}} | |- |Broxtowe Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |17 July 2019 |- |Burnley Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |10 July 2019 |- |Cambridge City Council|| {{Yes}} |21 February 2019 |- |Cannock Chase District Council|| {{Yes}} |17 July 2019 |- |Canterbury City Council|| {{Yes}} |18 July 2019<ref>{{Cite web |title=Decision details: Notice of motion: Reducing carbon emissions (Climate Change) |url=https://democracy.canterbury.gov.uk/ieDecisionDetails.aspx?AIId=70748 |access-date=11 January 2021 |website=Canterbury City Council |publisher=Canterbury City Council}}</ref> |- |Carlisle City Council|| {{Yes}} |5 March 2019 |- |Castle Point Borough Council|| {{No}} | |- |Charnwood Borough Council|| {{No}} | |- |Chelmsford City Council|| {{Yes}} |16 July 2019 |- |Cheltenham Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |9 July 2019 |- |Cherwell District Council|| {{Yes}} |22 July 2019 |- |Chesterfield Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |17 July 2019 |- |Chichester District Council|| {{Yes}} |9 July 2019 |- |Chiltern District Council|| {{Yes}} |24 July 2019 |- |Chorley Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |19 November 2019 |- |Colchester Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |17 July 2019 |- |Copeland Borough Council|| {{No}} | |- |Corby Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |29 August 2019 |- |Cotswold District Council|| {{Yes}} |3 July 2019 |- |Craven District Council|| {{Yes}} |6 August 2019 |- |Crawley Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |17 July 2019 |- |Dacorum Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |17 July 2019 |- |Dartford Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |7 October 2019 |- |Daventry District Council|| {{Yes}} |20 February 2020 |- |Derbyshire Dales District Council|| {{Yes}} |30 May 2019 |- |Dover District Council|| {{Yes}} |29 January 2020 |- |East Cambridgeshire District Council|| {{Yes}} |17 October 2019 |- |East Devon District Council|| {{Yes}} |24 July 2019 |- |East Hampshire District Council|| {{Yes}} |18 July 2019 |- |East Hertfordshire District Council|| {{Yes}} |26 July 2023 |- |East Lindsey District Council|| {{No}} | |- |East Northamptonshire District Council|| {{No}} | |- |East Staffordshire Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |17 August 2020 |- |East Suffolk Council|| {{Yes}} |24 July 2019 |- |Eastbourne Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |10 July 2019 |- |Eastleigh Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |18 July 2019 |- |Eden District Council|| {{Yes}} |11 July 2019 |- |Elmbridge Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |17 July 2019 |- |Epping Forest District Council|| {{Yes}} |19 September 2019 |- |Epsom and Ewell Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |23 July 2019 |- |Erewash Borough Council|| {{No}} | |- |Exeter City Council|| {{Yes}} |23 July 2019 |- |Fareham Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |24 October 2019 |- |Fenland District Council|| {{No}} | |- |Folkestone and Hythe District Council|| {{Yes}} |24 July 2019 |- |Forest of Dean District Council|| {{Yes}} |6 December 2018 |- |Fylde Borough Council|| {{No}} | |- |Gedling Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |20 November 2019 |- |Gloucester City Council|| {{Yes}} |11 July 2019 |- |Gosport Borough Council|| {{No}} | |- |Gravesham Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |26 June 2019 |- |Great Yarmouth Borough Council|| {{No}} | |- |Guildford Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |23 July 2019 |- |Hambleton District Council|| {{Yes}} |14 December 2021 |- |Harborough District Council|| {{Yes}} |24 June 2019 |- |Harlow District Council|| {{Yes}} |11 July 2019 |- |Harrogate Borough Council|| {{No}} | |- |Hart District Council|| {{Yes}} |29 April 2021 |- |Hastings Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |23 March 2020 |- |Havant Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |20 November 2024 |- |Hertsmere Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |18 September 2019 |- |High Peak Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |15 October 2019 |- |Hinckley and Bosworth Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |16 July 2019 |- |Horsham District Council|| {{Yes}} |26 June 2019 |- |Huntingdonshire District Council|| {{Yes}} |22 February 2023 |- |Hyndburn Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |19 September 2019 |- |Ipswich Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |9 July 2019 |- |Kettering Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |24 July 2019 |- |[[Kings Lynn and West Norfolk Borough Council]]|| {{Yes}} |9 September 2021 |- |Lancaster City Council|| {{Yes}} |30 January 2019 |- |Lewes District Council|| {{Yes}} |15 July 2019 |- |Lichfield District Council|| {{Yes}} |21 October 2019 |- |Lincoln City Council|| {{Yes}} |23 July 2019 |- |Maidstone Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |10 April 2019 |- |Maldon District Council|| {{Yes}} |4 February 2021 |- |Malvern Hills District Council|| {{Yes}} |23 July 2019 |- |Mansfield District Council|| {{Yes}} |5 March 2019 |- |Melton Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |17 July 2019 |- |Mendip District Council|| {{Yes}} |25 February 2019 |- |Mid Devon District Council|| {{Yes}} |26 June 2019 |- |Mid Suffolk District Council|| {{Yes}} |25 July 2019 |- |Mid Sussex District Council|| {{No}} | |- |Mole Valley District Council|| {{Yes}} |18 June 2019 |- |North Devon District Council|| {{Yes}} |24 July 2019 |- |North East Derbyshire District Council|| {{Yes}} |8 July 2019 |- |North Hertfordshire District Council|| {{Yes}} |21 May 2019 |- |North Kesteven District Council|| {{Yes}} |11 July 2019 |- |North Norfolk District Council|| {{Yes}} |24 April 2019 |- |North West Leicestershire District Council|| {{Yes}} |25 June 2019 |- |North Warwickshire Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |22 October 2019 |- |New Forest District Council|| {{Yes}} |6 October 2021 |- |Newark and Sherwood District Council|| {{Yes}} |16 July 2019 |- |[[Newcastle Under Lyme Borough Council]]|| {{Yes}} |3 April 2019 |- |Northampton Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |3 June 2019 |- |Norwich City Council|| {{Yes}} |29 January 2019 |- |Nuneaton and Bedworth Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |4 December 2019 |- |Oadby and Wigston Borough Council|| {{No}} | |- |Oxford City Council|| {{Yes}} |28 January 2019 |- |Pendle Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |11 July 2019 |- |Preston City Council|| {{Yes}} |18 April 2019 |- |Redditch Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |23 September 2019 |- |Reigate and Banstead Borough Council|| {{No}} | |- |Ribble Valley Borough Council|| {{No}} | |- |Richmondshire District Council|| {{Yes}} |23 July 2019 |- |Rochford District Council|| {{Yes}} |28 June 2023 |- |Rossendale Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |25 December 2019 |- |Rother District Council|| {{Yes}} |16 December 2019 |- |Rugby Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |18 July 2019 |- |Runnymede Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |17 October 2019 |- |Rushcliffe Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |7 March 2019 |- |Rushmoor Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |20 June 2019 |- |Ryedale District Council|| {{Yes}} |10 October 2019 |- |Scarborough Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |7 January 2019 |- |Sedgemoor District Council|| {{Yes}} |20 March 2019 |- |Selby District Council|| {{No}} | |- |Sevenoaks District Council|| {{No}} | |- |Somerset West and Taunton Council|| {{Yes}} |21 February 2019 |- |[[South Buckinghamshire District Council]]|| {{No}} | |- |South Cambridgeshire District Council|| {{Yes}} |28 November 2019 |- |South Derbyshire District Council|| {{Yes}} |27 June 2019 |- |South Hams District Council|| {{Yes}} |25 July 2019 |- |South Holland District Council|| {{No}} | |- |South Kesteven District Council|| {{Yes}} |26 September 2019 |- |South Lakeland District Council|| {{Yes}} |26 February 2019 |- |South Norfolk District Council|| {{No}} | |- |South Northamptonshire District Council|| {{No}} | |- |South Oxfordshire District Council|| {{Yes}} |11 April 2019 |- |South Ribble Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |24 July 2019 |- |South Somerset District Council|| {{Yes}} |21 May 2019 |- |South Staffordshire District Council|| {{Yes}} |10 September 2019 |- |Spelthorne Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |14 October 2020 |- |St Albans City Council|| {{Yes}} |9 July 2019 |- |Stafford Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |23 July 2019 |- |Staffordshire Moorlands District Council|| {{Yes}} |10 July 2019 |- |Stevenage Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |12 June 2019 |- |[[Stratford-upon-Avon District Council]]|| {{Yes}} |30 July 2019 |- |Stroud District Council|| {{Yes}} |13 December 2018 |- |Surrey Heath Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |9 October 2019 |- |Swale Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |26 June 2019 |- |Tamworth Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |19 November 2019 |- |Tandridge District Council|| {{Yes}} |13 February 2020 |- |Teignbridge District Council|| {{Yes}} |18 April 2019 |- |Tendring District Council|| {{Yes}} |6 August 2019 |- |Test Valley Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |4 September 2019 |- |Tewkesbury Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |1 October 2019 |- |Thanet District Council|| {{Yes}} |11 July 2019 |- |Three Rivers District Council|| {{Yes}} |21 May 2019 |- |Tonbridge &amp;amp; Malling Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |9 July 2019 |- |Torridge District Council|| {{Yes}} |1 July 2019 |- |Tunbridge Wells Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |17 July 2019 |- |Uttlesford District Council|| {{Yes}} |30 July 2019 |- |Vale of White Horse District Council|| {{Yes}} |13 February 2019 |- |Warwick District Council|| {{Yes}} |26 June 2019 |- |Watford Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |9 July 2019 |- |Waverley Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |18 September 2019 |- |Wealden District Council|| {{Yes}} |24 July 2019 |- |Wellingborough Borough Council|| {{No}} | |- |Welwyn Hatfield Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |19 June 2019 |- |[[West Devon District Council]]|| {{Yes}} |21 May 2019 |- |West Lancashire District Council|| {{Yes}} |17 July 2019 |- |West Lindsey District Council|| {{No}} | |- |West Oxfordshire District Council|| {{Yes}} |26 June 2019 |- |West Suffolk Council|| {{Yes}} |11 September 2019 |- |Winchester City Council|| {{Yes}} |5 June 2019 |- |Woking Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |25 July 2019 |- |Worcester City Council|| {{Yes}} |16 July 2019 |- |Worthing Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |18 July 2019 |- |Wychavon District Council|| {{No}} | |- |Wycombe District Council|| {{Yes}} |3 February 2020 |- |Wyre Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |11 July 2019 |- |Wyre Forest District Council|| {{Yes}} |22 May 2019 |- |} {| class="wikitable sortable" |+Yankunan London da suka ayyana gaggawa !Birnin Landan !An ayyana gaggawa ta yanayi !Ranar |- |Barking da Majalisar Dagenham|| {{Yes}} |29 Janairu 2020 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Barking and Dagenham Council declares climate emergency |url=https://www.lbbd.gov.uk/news/barking-and-dagenham-council-declares-climate-emergency |access-date=29 December 2020 |website=Barking and Dagenham Council |publisher=Barking and Dagenham Council }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> |- |Majalisar Barnet ta London|| {{Yes}} |24 ga Mayu 2022 |- |Majalisar Birnin Bexley ta London|| {{No}} | |- |Majalisar Birnin Brent London|| {{Yes}} |8 ga Yulin 2019 |- |Majalisar Birnin Bromley ta London|| {{No}} | |- |Majalisar Birnin Camden ta London|| {{Yes}} |9 ga Afrilu 2019 |- |Kamfanin Birnin London|| {{No}} | |- |Majalisar Birnin Croydon ta London|| {{Yes}} |15 ga Yulin 2019 |- |Majalisar Ealing London Borough|| {{Yes}} |2 ga Afrilu 2019 |- |Majalisar Birnin Enfield ta London|| {{Yes}} |8 ga Yulin 2019 |- |Majalisar Birnin Greenwich ta London|| {{Yes}} |26 Yuni 2019 |- |Majalisar Hackney ta London|| {{Yes}} |26 Yuni 2019 |- |Hammersmith da Fulham London Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |17 ga Yulin 2019 |- |Haringey London Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |18 Maris 2019 |- |Harrow London Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |18 ga Yulin 2019 |- |Havering London Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |22 Maris 2023 |- |Majalisar Birnin Hillingdon ta London|| {{Yes}} |16 ga Janairu 2020 |- |Majalisar Birnin Hounslow ta London|| {{Yes}} |19 Yuni 2019 |- |Majalisar Birnin Islington ta London|| {{Yes}} |27 Yuni 2019 |- |Kensington da Chelsea London Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |22 ga Janairu 2019 |- |Kingston a kan Thames London Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |25 Yuni 2019 |- |Lambeth London Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |29 Janairu 2019 |- |Majalisar Lewisham ta London|| {{Yes}} |27 Fabrairu 2019 |- |Majalisar Merton ta London|| {{Yes}} |10 ga Yulin 2019 |- |Majalisar Birnin Newham ta London|| {{Yes}} |15 ga Afrilu 2019 |- |Majalisar Birnin Redbridge ta London|| {{Yes}} |20 Yuni 2019 |- |Richmond a kan Thames London Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |9 ga Yulin 2019 |- |Majalisar Gundumar Landan ta Kudu|| {{Yes}} |25 Maris 2019 |- |Majalisar Sutton London Borough|| {{Yes}} |22 ga Yulin 2019 |- |Tower Hamlets London Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |20 Maris 2019 |- |Waltham Forest London Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |25 ga Afrilu 2019 |- |Majalisar Wandsworth ta London|| {{Yes}} |17 ga Yulin 2019 |- |Majalisar Birnin Westminster ta London|| {{Yes}} |18 ga Satumba 2019 |- |} ==== Gundumomi masu birni ==== {| class="wikitable sortable" |+Gundumomin birni na Ingila da suka ayyana gaggawa !Gundumar Birni !An bayyana shi !Ranar |- |Majalisar Birnin Barnsley|| {{Yes}} |18 Satumba 2019 <ref>{{Cite web |title=MINUTES |url=https://barnsleymbc.moderngov.co.uk/documents/g5841/Printed%20minutes%2026th-Sep-2019%2010.30%20Full%20Council.pdf?T=1 |access-date=29 December 2020 |website=Barnsley Metropolitan Borough Council |publisher=Barnsley Metropolitan Borough Council}}</ref> |- |Majalisar Birnin Birmingham|| {{Yes}} |11 Yuni 2019 |- |Majalisar Birnin Bolton|| {{Yes}} |29 ga watan Agusta 2019 |- |Majalisar Birnin Bradford|| {{Yes}} |15 ga Janairu 2019 |- |Majalisar Bury Borough|| {{Yes}} |10 ga Yulin 2019 |- |Majalisar Calderdale Borough|| {{Yes}} |30 Janairu 2019 |- |Majalisar Birnin Coventry|| {{Yes}} |18 Yuni 2019 |- |Majalisar Doncaster Borough|| {{Yes}} |19 ga Satumba 2019 |- |Majalisar Dudley Borough|| {{Yes}} |6 ga Yulin 2020 |- |[[Gateshead Borough Council|Majalisar Gateshead Borough]]|| {{Yes}} |23 ga Mayu 2019 |- |Majalisar Kirklees Borough|| {{Yes}} |16 ga Janairu 2019 |- |Majalisar Gundumar Knowsley|| {{Yes}} |29 Janairu 2020 |- |Majalisar Birnin Leeds|| {{Yes}} |27 Maris 2019 |- |Majalisar Birnin Liverpool|| {{Yes}} |17 ga Yulin 2019 |- |Majalisar Birnin Manchester|| {{Yes}} |10 ga Yulin 2019 |- |Majalisar Arewacin Tyneside|| {{Yes}} |25 ga Yulin 2019 |- |[[Newcastle Upon Tyne City Council|Majalisar Birnin Newcastle A kan Tyne]]|| {{Yes}} |3 ga Afrilu 2019 |- |Majalisar Birnin Oldham|| {{Yes}} |11 ga Satumba 2019 |- |Majalisar Birnin Rochdale|| {{Yes}} |17 ga Yulin 2019 |- |Majalisar Rotherham Borough|| {{Yes}} |30 ga Oktoba 2019 |- |[[South Tyneside Borough Council|Majalisar Kudancin Tyneside]]|| {{Yes}} |19 ga Yulin 2019 |- |Majalisar Birnin Salford|| {{Yes}} |17 ga Yulin 2019 |- |[[Sandwell Borough Council|Majalisar Sandwell Borough]]|| {{Yes}} |10 Maris 2020 |- |Majalisar Sefton Borough|| {{Yes}} |18 ga Yulin 2019 |- |Majalisar Birnin Sheffield|| {{Yes}} |18 Nuwamba 2019 |- |Majalisar Solihull Borough|| {{Yes}} |8 ga Oktoba 2019 |- |Majalisar St Helens Borough|| {{Yes}} |10 ga Yulin 2019 |- |Majalisar Birnin Stockport|| {{Yes}} |28 Maris 2019 |- |Majalisar Birnin Sunderland|| {{Yes}} |27 Maris 2019 |- |Majalisar Birnin Tameside|| {{Yes}} |25 Fabrairu 2020 |- |Majalisar Gundumar Trafford|| {{Yes}} |28 Nuwamba 2018 |- |Majalisar Birnin Wakefield|| {{Yes}} |23 ga Mayu 2019 |- |Majalisar Walsall Borough|| {{Yes}} |16 ga Satumba 2019 |- |Majalisar Wigan Borough|| {{Yes}} |17 ga Yulin 2019 |- |Majalisar Whirral Borough|| {{Yes}} |15 ga Yulin 2019 |- |Majalisar Birnin Wolverhampton|| {{Yes}} |17 ga Yulin 2019 |} {| class="wikitable sortable" |+Hukumomin Ingila da suka ayyana gaggawa !Ikon hadin kai !An ayyana gaggawa ta yanayi !Ranar |- |Majalisar Bath da Arewa maso Gabashin Somerset|| {{Yes}} |14 Maris 2019 |- |Majalisar Birnin Bedford|| {{Yes}} |5 Maris 2019 |- |Blackburn tare da Darwen Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |18 ga Yulin 2019 |- |Majalisar Blackpool|| {{Yes}} |26 Yuni 2019 |- |Majalisar Bournemouth, Christchurch da Poole|| {{Yes}} |16 ga Yulin 2019 |- |Majalisar Garin Bracknell|| {{Yes}} |11 Janairu 2023 |- |Majalisar Birnin Brighton da Hove|| {{Yes}} |13 Disamba 2018 |- |Majalisar Birnin Bristol|| {{Yes}} |13 Nuwamba 2018 |- |Majalisar Bedfordshire ta Tsakiya|| {{No}} | |- |Majalisar Gabashin Cheshire|| {{Yes}} |22 ga Mayu 2019 |- |Majalisar Cheshire ta Yamma da Chester|| {{Yes}} |21 ga Mayu 2019 |- |Majalisar Cornwall|| {{Yes}} |22 ga Janairu 2019 |- |Majalisar Gundumar Durham|| {{Yes}} |20 Fabrairu 2019 |- |Majalisar Darlington Borough|| {{Yes}} |18 ga Yulin 2019 |- |Majalisar Dorset|| {{Yes}} |16 ga Mayu 2019 |- |Gabashin Gabas na Majalisar Yorkshire|| {{Yes}} |24 Fabrairu 2021 |- |Babban Hukumomin London|| {{Yes}} |11 Disamba 2018 |- |Majalisar Halton Borough|| {{Yes}} |16 ga Oktoba 2019 |- |Majalisar Hartlepool Borough|| {{No}} | |- |Majalisar Herefordshire|| {{Yes}} |8 Maris 2019 |- |Majalisar Birnin Hull|| {{Yes}} |21 Maris 2019 |- |Majalisar tsibirin Wight|| {{Yes}} |24 ga Yulin 2019 |- |Majalisar Birnin Leicester|| {{Yes}} |1 ga Fabrairu 2019 |- |Majalisar Luton Borough|| {{Yes}} |13 Janairu 2020 |- |Majalisar Medway|| {{Yes}} |25 ga Afrilu 2019 |- |Majalisar Birnin Middlesbrough|| {{No}} | |- |Majalisar Milton Keynes|| {{Yes}} |23 ga Janairu 2019 |- |Majalisar Arewa maso Gabashin Lincolnshire|| {{Yes}} |19 ga Satumba 2019 |- |Majalisar Arewacin Lincolnshire|| {{No}} | |- |Majalisar Arewacin Somerset|| {{Yes}} |19 Fabrairu 2019 |- |Majalisar Gundumar Northumberland|| {{Yes}} |11 Yuni 2019 |- |Majalisar Birnin Nottingham|| {{Yes}} |13 Janairu 2020 |- |Majalisar Birnin Peterborough|| {{Yes}} |24 ga Yulin 2019 |- |Majalisar Birnin Plymouth|| {{Yes}} |18 Maris 2019 |- |Majalisar Birnin Portsmouth|| {{Yes}} |19 Maris 2019 |- |Majalisar Karamar Hukumar Karatu|| {{Yes}} |26 Fabrairu 2019 |- |Redcar da Cleveland Borough Council|| {{Yes}} |28 Maris 2019 |- |Majalisar Gundumar Rutland|| {{No}} | |- |Majalisar Shropshire|| {{Yes}} |16 ga Mayu 2019 |- |Majalisar Slough Borough|| {{No}} | |- |Majalisar Birnin Southampton|| {{Yes}} |18 ga Satumba 2019 |- |Majalisar Gundumar Kudu|| {{Yes}} |18 ga Yulin 2019 |- |Majalisar Kudancin Gloucestershire|| {{Yes}} |17 ga Yulin 2019 |- |Majalisar Birnin Stockton-on-Tees|| {{No}} | |- |Majalisar Birnin Stoke-on-Trent|| {{Yes}} |4 ga Yulin 2019 |- |Majalisar Swindon Borough|| {{Yes}} |16 ga Yulin 2022 |- |Majalisar Telford da Wrekin Borough|| {{Yes}} |25 ga Yulin 2019 |- |Majalisar Thurrock|| {{Yes}} |23 ga Oktoba 2019 |- |Majalisar Torbay|| {{Yes}} |19 Yuni 2019 |- |Majalisar Warrington Borough|| {{Yes}} |17 Yuni 2019 |- |Majalisar Wiltshire|| {{Yes}} |26 Fabrairu 2019 |- |Majalisar Windsor da Maidenhead Borough|| {{Yes}} |26 Yuni 2019 |- |Majalisar Wokingham Borough|| {{Yes}} |18 ga Yulin 2019 |- |Majalisar Birnin York|| {{Yes}} |21 Maris 2019 |- |} == Arewacin Ireland == {| class="wikitable sortable" |+Yankunan karamar hukuma na Arewacin Ireland da suka ayyana gaggawa !Yankin karamar hukuma !An ayyana gaggawa ta yanayi !Ranar |- |Majalisar Antrim da Newtownabbey Borough|| {{No}} | |- |Ards da Majalisar Arewacin Down Borough|| {{Yes}} |27 Fabrairu 2019 <ref>{{Cite web |title=ARDS AND NORTH DOWN BOROUGH COUNCIL AGENDA AND MINUTES |url=https://www.ardsandnorthdown.gov.uk/images/assets/C_27.02.19_WEB_PAPERS.pdf |access-date=14 December 2020 |website=Ards and North Down Borough Council |publisher=Ards and North Down Borough Council}}</ref> |- |Armagh City, Banbridge da Craigavon Borough Council|| {{No}} | |- |Majalisar Birnin Belfast|| {{Yes}} |A ranar 1 ga Oktoba 2019 Majalisar Birnin Belfast ta zama majalisa ta uku a Arewacin Ireland don ayyana gaggawa ta yanayi |- |Majalisar Causeway Coast da Glens Borough|| {{Yes}} |8 ga Yuni 2020 |- |Derry City da Gundumar Strabane|| {{Yes}} |27 Yuni 2019 |- |Majalisar Gundumar Fermanagh da Omagh|| {{No}} | |- |Lisburn da Majalisar Birnin Castlereagh|| {{No}} | |- |Majalisar Antrim ta Tsakiya da Gabas|| {{No}} | |- |Majalisar Gundumar Mid Ulster|| {{No}} | |- |Majalisar Gundumar Newry, Mourne da Down|| {{No}} | |- |} {| class="wikitable sortable" |+Yankunan karamar hukuma na Scotland da suka ayyana gaggawa !Yankin karamar hukuma !An ayyana gaggawa ta yanayi !Ranar |- |Majalisar Birnin Aberdeen|| {{Yes}} |27 Maris 2023 |- |Majalisar Aberdeenshire|| {{No}} |Majalisar ta kada kuri'a a kan ayyana dokar ta baci a ranar 4 ga Oktoba 2019. |- |Majalisar Angus|| {{Yes}} |5 Satumba 2019 <ref>{{Cite web |title=MINUTE of MEETING of ANGUS COUNCIL |url=https://www.angus.gov.uk/sites/angus-cms/files/2019-10/05_09_19.pdf |access-date=22 December 2020 |website=Angus Council |publisher=Angus Council}}</ref> |- |Majalisar Argyll da Bute|| {{Yes}} |30 Satumba 2021 |- |Majalisar Clackmannanshire|| {{Yes}} |19 ga watan Agusta 2021 |- |Majalisar Dumfries da Galloway|| {{Yes}} |27 Yuni 2019 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Climate Change Emergency Declaration Update |url=https://dumgal.gov.uk/pressreleases?item=2116&returnPage=22 |access-date=22 December 2020 |website=Dumfries and Galloway Council |publisher=Dumfries and Galloway Council}}</ref> |- |Majalisar Birnin Dundee|| {{Yes}} |24 Yuni 2019 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Dundee Climate Action Plan |url=https://www.dundeecity.gov.uk/sustainable-dundee/dundee-climate-action-plan |access-date=22 December 2020 |website=Dundee City Council |publisher=Dundee City Council}}</ref> |- |Majalisar Gabashin Ayrshire|| {{No}} |N/A |- |Majalisar Dunbartonshire ta Gabas|| {{No}} |N/A |- |Majalisar Lothian ta Gabas|| {{Yes}} |27 ga watan Agusta 2019 |- |Majalisar Gabashin Renfrewshire|| {{Yes}} |27 Yuni 2019 |- |Majalisar Edinburgh|| {{Yes}} |7 Fabrairu 2019 |- |Majalisar Falkirk|| {{Yes}} |27 ga watan Agusta 2019 |- |Majalisar Fife|| {{Yes}} |26 Satumba 2019 |- |[[City Glasgow council|Majalisar Glasgow]]|| {{Yes}} |16 ga Mayu 2019 |- |Majalisar Highland|| {{Yes}} |9 ga Mayu 2019 |- |Majalisar Inverclyde|| {{No}} |N/A |- |Majalisar Midlothian|| {{Yes}} |17 Disamba 2019 |- |Majalisar Moray|| {{Yes}} |27 Yuni 2019 |- |Comhairle nan Eilean Siar|| {{No}} |N/A |- |Majalisar Arewacin Ayrshire|| {{Yes}} |11 Yuni 2019 |- |Majalisar Arewacin Lanarkshire|| {{Yes}} |20 Yuni 2019 |- |Majalisar Tsibirin Orkney|| {{Yes}} |14 Mayu 2019 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Council declares climate emergency |url=https://www.orkney.gov.uk/OIC-News/Council-declares-climate-emergency.htm |access-date=22 December 2020 |website=Orkney Islands Council |publisher=Orkney Islands Council}}</ref> |- |Majalisar Perth da Kinross|| {{Yes}} |9 ga Nuwamba 2022 |- |Majalisar Renfrewshire|| {{Yes}} |27 Yuni 2019 |- |Majalisar iyakokin Scotland|| {{Yes}} |25 Satumba 2020 |- |Majalisar Tsibirin Shetland|| {{Yes}} |22 Janairu 2020 |- |Majalisar Kudancin Ayrshire|| {{No}} |N/A |- |Majalisar Kudancin Lanarkshire|| {{No}} |Majalisar ba ta ayyana dokar ta baci ba amma ta sanya hannu kan manufofi masu ban sha'awa don rage hayaki kafin Gwamnatocin Scotland na shekara ta 2045. |- |Majalisar Stirling|| {{Yes}} |3 Oktoba 2019 |- |Majalisar Yammacin Dunbartonshire|| {{Yes}} |29 Mayu 2019 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Climate Change Strategy |url=https://www.west-dunbarton.gov.uk/council/public-consultations/climate-change-strategy/ |access-date=22 December 2020 |website=West Dunbarton Council |publisher=West Dunbarton Council }}{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> |- |Majalisar Yammacin Lothian|| {{Yes}} |24 Satumba 2019 |} {| class="wikitable sortable" |+Yankunan karamar hukuma na Wales da suka ayyana gaggawa !Yankin karamar hukuma !An ayyana gaggawa ta yanayi !Ranar |- |Majalisar Gundumar Blaenau Gwent County (Cyngor Bwrdeistref Sirol Blaenau Gwents) || {{Yes}} |24 Satumba 2020 <ref>{{Cite web |title=COUNTY BOROUGH OF BLAENAU GWENT |url=http://democracy.blaenau-gwent.gov.uk/documents/g2164/Printed%20minutes%2024th-Sep-2020%2010.00%20Ordinary%20Meeting%20of%20the%20Council.pdf?T=1&LLL=0 |access-date=15 December 2020 |website=Blaenau Gwent County |publisher=Blaenau Gwent County |archive-date=2 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202121232/http://democracy.blaenau-gwent.gov.uk/documents/g2164/Printed%20minutes%2024th-Sep-2020%2010.00%20Ordinary%20Meeting%20of%20the%20Council.pdf?T=1&LLL=0 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |Majalisar Birnin Bridgend County (Cyngor Bwrdeistref Sirol Pen-y-bont ar Ogwr) || {{Yes}} |22 ga Yulin 2020 |- |Majalisar Gundumar Caerphilly (Cyngor Bwrdeistref Sirol Caerffili) || {{Yes}} |4 Yuni 2019 |- |Majalisar Cardiff (Cyngor Caerdydd) || {{Yes}} |28 Maris 2019 <ref>{{Cite web |title=THE COUNTY COUNCIL OF THE CITY & COUNTY OF CARDIFF |url=https://cardiff.moderngov.co.uk/documents/g3507/Printed%20minutes%2028th-Mar-2019%2016.30%20Council.pdf?T=1 |access-date=15 December 2020 |website=Cardiff Council |publisher=Cardiff Council}}</ref> |- |Majalisar Gundumar Carmarthenshire (Cyngor Sir Gaerfyrddin) || {{Yes}} |20 Fabrairu 2019 <ref>{{Cite web |title=COUNTY COUNCIL WEDNESDAY, 20 FEBRUARY 2019 |url=https://democracy.carmarthenshire.gov.wales/documents/g2126/Printed%20minutes%2020th-Feb-2019%2010.00%20County%20Council.htm?T=1&CT=2 |access-date=15 December 2020 |website=Carmarthenshire County Council |publisher=Carmarthenshire County Council |archive-date=22 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922152516/http://democracy.carmarthenshire.gov.wales/documents/g2126/Printed%20minutes%2020th-Feb-2019%2010.00%20County%20Council.htm?T=1&CT=2 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |Majalisar Gundumar Ceredigion (Cyngor Sir Ceredigion) || {{Yes}} |5 Maris 2020 |- |Majalisar Gundumar Conwy (Cyngor Bwrdeistref Sirol Conwy) || {{Yes}} |9 ga Mayu 2019 |- |Majalisar Gundumar Denbighshire (Cyngor Sir Ddinbych) || {{Yes}} |2 ga Yulin 2019 |- |Majalisar Gundumar Flintshire (Cyngor Sir y Fflint) || {{No}} |N/A |- |Majalisar Gwynedd (Cyngor Sir Gwynedd) || {{Yes}} |7 Maris 2019 <ref>{{Cite web |title=THE COUNCIL THURSDAY, 7 MARCH 2019 |url=https://democracy.gwynedd.llyw.cymru/documents/g2455/Public%20minutes%2007th-Mar-2019%2013.00%20The%20Council.pdf?T=11 |access-date=15 December 2020 |website=Gwenedd Council |publisher=Gwenedd Council}}</ref> |- |Majalisar Gundumar Anglesey (Cyngor Sir Ynys Môn) || {{Yes}} |8 Satumba 2020 |- |Majalisar Gundumar Merthyr Tydfil (Cyngor Bwrdeistref Sirol Merthyr Tudful) || {{No}} |N/A |- |Majalisar Gundumar Monmouthshire (Cyngor Sir Fynwy) || {{Yes}} |16 ga Mayu 2019 |- |Neath Port Talbot County Borough Council (Cyngor Bwrdeistref Sirol Castell-nedd Port Talbot) || {{Yes}} |28 Satumba 2022 |- |Majalisar Birnin Newport (Cyngor Dinas Casnewydd) || {{Yes}} |13 Maris 2019 |- |Majalisar Gundumar Pembrokeshire (Cyngor Sir Penfro) || {{Yes}} |9 ga Mayu 2019 |- |Majalisar Gundumar Powys (Cyngor Sir Powys) || {{Yes}} |24 Satumba 2020 |- |Majalisar Gundumar Rhondda Cynon Taf (Cyngor Bwrdeistref Sirol Rhondda Lynon Taf) || {{No}} |N/A |- |Birni da Gundumar Swansea (Cyngor Sir a Dinas Abertawe) || {{Yes}} |27 Yuni 2019 |- |Majalisar Gundumar Torfaen (Cyngor Bwrdeistref Sirol Torfaen) || {{Yes}} |25 Yuni 2019 |- |Majalisar kwarin Glamorgan (Cyngor Bwrdeistref Sirol Bro Morgannwg) || {{Yes}} |29 ga Yulin 2019 |- |Majalisar Wrexham County Borough (Cyngor Bwrdeistref Sirol Wrecsam) || {{Yes}} |25 Satumba 2019 |} h7d6otybb32gm7kgx0wzlf2wmrcx7nd 0 108762 829758 691091 2026-05-04T23:34:54Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829758 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Regiones_geográficas_del_Perú.png|thumb|Taswirar yankunan Peruvian ta hanyar yanayin yanayi: hamada ta bakin teku (yellow) - tsaunukan Andes (brown) - gandun daji na Amazon (kore) ]] [[Fayil:Koppen-Geiger_Map_v2_PER_1991–2020.svg|thumb|300x300px|Taswirar Peru na rarraba yanayi na Köppen.]] Sauyin yanayi na Peru yana kwatanta yanayin yanayi daban-daban na wannan babbar ƙasar Kudancin Amurka mai faɗin 1,285,216 km2 (496,225 sq mi).  Peru tana cikin wurare masu zafi amma tana da yanayin hamada da tsaunuka da kuma dazuzzukan dazuzzuka masu zafi.  Tsayin sama da matakin teku a cikin ƙasar ya kai daga -37 zuwa 6,778 m (−121 zuwa 22,238 ft) da hazo daga ƙasa da 20 mm (0.79 in) kowace shekara zuwa sama da 8,000 mm (310 in).  Akwai manyan yankuna uku na yanayin yanayi: Tekun Pasifik na ɗaya daga cikin busasshiyar hamada a duniya amma tare da wasu siffofi na musamman;  tsaunukan Andes masu tsayi suna da nau'ikan microclimates iri-iri dangane da haɓakawa da haɓakawa kuma tare da yanayin zafi da hazo daga yanayin zafi zuwa iyakacin duniya da rigar don bushewa;  kuma rafin Amazon yana da yanayi na wurare masu zafi, galibi tare da yawan hazo, tare da sauyin yanayi na wurare masu zafi sama da 1,550 m (5,090 ft). == Dajin da ke bakin tekun Pacific == Yankin hamada na bakin teku na Peru ya shimfiɗa ba tare da katsewa ba daga kusa da iyakar arewa da [[Ecuador]] zuwa iyakar kudanci da [[Chile]], arewa zuwa kudu nisan kilomita {{Cvt|1600|km}} (990 . Ana amfani da sunaye uku a wasu lokuta ga hamada a sassa daban-daban na bakin teku. Yankin Sechura yana cikin arewacin Peru. A kudu shi ne hamadar bakin teku ta Peruvian wanda ya zama a wani wuri mara iyaka hamadar Atacama wanda ke ci gaba zuwa Chile. Sechura ya fi zafi da ƙarancin tasirin murfin gajimare wanda ke kwatanta mafi yawan sassan kudancin hamadar bakin teku, amma akwai daidaituwar hazo a duk gabar tekun tare da ƙasa da 30 mm (1.2 in) kowace shekara.  Yankin hamadar da ke gefen Tekun Pasifik yana da kunkuntar, mafi girmansa kusan kilomita 120 (75 mi) kafin ƙasar ta haura zuwa Andes kuma hazo yana ƙaruwa da girma. Tebur mai zuwa ya taƙaita kididdigar yanayi ga biranen arewa, tsakiya, da kudancin hamada ta bakin teku {| class="wikitable" |+Yanayin Yankin Yankin Yaduwa <ref name="Peru Climate">{{Cite web |title=Peru Climate |url=https://en.climate-data.org/south-america/peru-27/ |access-date=8 Aug 2020 |website=Climate-data.org}}</ref> !Wurin da yake !Latitude !Matsakaicin shekara-shekara. !Watan da ya fi zafi !Watan da ya fi sanyi !Ruwan sama na shekara-shekara !Watan da ya fi dacewa !Yanayi (Köppen) |- |Talara |4.58 ° S |{{Cvt|22.3|C}} |{{Cvt|26.0|C}} (Fabrairu, Maris) |{{Cvt|19.4|C}} (Agusta) |{{Cvt|26|mm}} |Fabrairu - {{Cvt|9|mm}} in) |''BWh'' |- |[[Lima]] |12.05 ° S |{{Cvt|18.7|C}} |{{Cvt|23.0|C}} (Fabrairu) |{{Cvt|15.3|C}} (Agusta) |{{Cvt|16|mm}} |Yuli, Agusta, Satumba - {{Cvt|3|mm}} in) |''BWh'' |- |Tacna |18.01 ° S |{{Cvt|17.8|C}} |{{Cvt|21.9|C}} (Fabrairu) |{{Cvt|14.0|C}} (Yuli) |{{Cvt|18|mm}} |Agusta - {{Cvt|4|mm}} in) |''BWk'' |} [[Fayil:Desert_of_Paracas,_Peru_-_Paracas_National_Reserve.jpg|left|thumb|Yawancin hamada na bakin teku ba su da ciyayi.]] Halin hamadar bakin teku ta Peruvian shine matsakaicin yanayin zafi duk da latitudes na wurare masu zafi. A cikin wurare masu zafi matsakaicin zafin shekara-shekara yawanci aƙalla {{Cvt|25|C}} ° C (77 ° F) tare da ɗan bambancin zafin jiki tsakanin watanni. Sabanin haka mafi yawan hamadar bakin teku ta Peruvian tana da matsakaicin yanayin zafi na shekara-shekara na kasa da {{Cvt|20|C}} ° C (68 ° F) kuma tare da yanayin zafi da ke fadowa zuwa ko kusa da {{Cvt|10|C}} ° C (50 ° F) a lokacin hunturu na Kudancin Hemisphere.<ref>{{Cite web |title=South America Precipitation Map |url=https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Average-temperature-A-and-precipitation-B-in-South-America-Historical-data-referring_fig3_315092646 |access-date=8 Aug 2020 |website=Research Gate}}</ref><ref name="Peru Climate"/> Yanayin zafi mai ƙarancin hamadar bakin teku ta Peruvian ya haifar da sanyi na Humboldt Current. Yanayin ruwan teku a Lima a watan Satumba, watan da ya fi sanyi, yana da ƙasa da {{Cvt|14.4|C}} ° C (57.9 ° F) kama da yanayin zafi na ruwa kusa da [[Los Angeles]] a lokacin watanni na hunturu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lima Sea Temperature |url=https://www.seatemperature.org/south-america/peru/lima.htm |access-date=8 Aug 2020 |website=Sea Temperature}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Long Beach sea temperature |url=https://www.seatemperature.org/north-america/united-states/long-beach-december.htm |access-date=8 Aug 2020 |website=Sea Temperature}}</ref> Ruwan sanyi na Humboldt Current kuma yana haifar da hazo mai laushi da ake kira garúa a Peru. Ruwa mai sanyi, musamman a cikin hunturu na Kudancin Hemisphere daga Mayu zuwa Nuwamba, yana haifar da juyawa, iska kusa da teku yana da sanyi fiye da iska da ke sama, sabanin yawancin yanayin yanayi. A lokacin hunturu na Kudancin Hemisphere, iskar kasuwanci tana hura girgije mai zurfi a cikin ƙasa a kan yankunan bakin teku har zuwa tsawo na {{Cvt|1000|m}} m (3,300 kuma hazo mai yawa ya haɗu cikin drizzle da hazo. A lokacin rani na Kudancin Hemisphere daga Disamba zuwa Afrilu, yanayin yafi yawan hasken rana. [[Fayil:LomasLachay.jpg|thumb|A cikin hazo da ake kira "lomas" danshi daga garúa yana ba da damar ciyayi ya bunƙasa ba tare da ruwan sama ba.]] Tasirin danshi na hazo yana ƙaruwa ta hanyar matsakaicin matsakaicin zafi na hamadar bakin teku. Misali, Lima tana da matsakaicin zafi na kashi 84, fiye da ninki biyu na matsakaicin danshi na mafi yawan hamada. A sakamakon hazo, Lima tana samun sa'o'i 1,230 na hasken rana a kowace shekara, kuma ƙasa da sa'o-i 50 kowannensu a cikin watanni na Yuli, Agusta, da Satumba.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lima Sunshine |url=https://weather-and-climate.com/average-monthly-hours-Sunshine,Lima,Peru |access-date=7 Aug 2020 |website=Weather & Climate}}</ref> Sabanin haka, [[Seattle]], ba a san shi da yanayin rana ba, yana karɓar awanni 2,170 na hasken rana a kowace shekara kuma "birni mai hazo na [[Landan]]" yana karɓar sa'o'i 1,618 . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Current Results |url=https://www.currentresults.com/Weather/US/average-annual-sunshine-by-city.php |access-date=7 Aug 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=London |url=https://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weatherall.php3?s=67730&cityname=London%2C+England%2C+United+Kingdom&units= |access-date=8 Aug 2020 |website=Weatherbase |archive-date=15 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200815113241/http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weatherall.php3?s=67730&cityname=London%2C%20England%2C%20United%20Kingdom&units= |url-status=dead }}</ref> Yayin da tsawo ke ƙaruwa yana motsawa ƙasa daga Lima da sauran wuraren bakin teku, haka kuma hazo yana ƙaruwa. Chosica, {{Cvt|50|km|mile}} km (31 miles) dag Pacific a tsawo na {{Cvt|835|m}} yana samun {{Cvt|109|mm}} in) a kowace shekara na hazo idan aka kwatanta da ruwan sama na Lima na {{Cvt|16|mm}} in). Matucana, {{Cvt|80|km|mile}} km (50 miles) a cikin ƙasa a tsawo na {{Cvt|2464|m}} ft) yana samun {{Cvt|479|mm}} in) na hazo.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Peru |url=https://www.weatherbase.com/weather/city.php3?c=PE&countryname=Peru |access-date=8 Aug 2020 |website=Weatherbase }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Baya ga noman ban ruwa a cikin kwarin koguna guda 57 da ke gangarowa daga kogin Andes kuma suna ratsa cikin hamada kan hanyar zuwa teku,[1] hamadar bakin teku kusan ba ta da ciyayi.  A wasu ƴan wurare da aka fi so, inda tsaunuka ke kusa da teku kuma hazo ya taru a kan gangaren tsaunin, garúa ya ba da damar ciyayi su bunƙasa a cikin "raƙuman hazo," da ake kira lomas a Peru.  Lomas yana da girman girma daga ƙanƙanta zuwa sama da hekta 40,000 (kadada 99,000) kuma flora ɗin su ya ƙunshi nau'ikan halittu masu yawa.  Masana sun siffanta lomas guda ɗaya a matsayin "tsibirin ciyayi a cikin tekun hamada mai kama-da-wane."[2] Peru tana da fiye da lomas 40 da ke ƙasa da 2,000km2 (770 sq mi) daga cikin yankin hamadar bakin teku.{{Cvt|144000|sqkm}}. == Yankunan tsaunuka na Andes == [[Fayil:Andes_peruanos.jpg|thumb|Andes, daga gandun daji mai zafi zuwa tsaunuka masu dusar ƙanƙara a wani wuri.]] Tsaunin tsaunuka da ake kira Andes, wanda ya ƙunshi kashi 28 cikin ɗari na ƙasar ƙasar, yana tafiyar da tsawon ƙasar Peru, ƴan ƴan ƙanƙara km (50 mi) faɗi a kan iyakar Ecuador a arewa da faɗin 350 km (220 mi) a kudu tare da iyaka da Bolivia.  Andes, wanda ke da tsaunuka kusan sama da 2,000 m (6,600 ft) kuma galibi sama da 3,000 m (9,800 ft), ya tashi sama da hamada zuwa yamma da dazuzzukan wurare masu zafi zuwa gabas.  [ana binciken hujja] [citation need] Yanayin tsaunin yana da sanyi, sau da yawa sanyi, tare da hazo iri-iri dangane da fallasa.  Gabaɗaya gangaren yammacin tekun Andres, suna fuskantar Tekun Pasifik, sun fi bushewa fiye da gangaren gabas.  Tun daga latitude 8.64° S kuma ci gaba zuwa kudu akwai kololuwar dusar ƙanƙara da ƙanƙara fiye da 5,000 m (16,000 ft) a tsayi.  Kololuwar tsaunuka talatin da bakwai a Peru sun haura zuwa sama da 6,000 m (20,000 ft) a tsayi.<ref name="Hudson">{{Cite web |last=Hudson |first=Rex A. |title=Peru: A Country Study |url=http://countrystudies.us/peru/25.htm |access-date=9 Aug 2020 |publisher=General Publishing Office, Washington DC}}</ref> Dokar gaba ɗaya ga yankunan tsaunuka ita ce zafin jiki ya ragu da kusan {{Cvt|6.5|C-change}} ° C (11.7 ° F) ga kowane {{Cvt|1000|m}} m (3,300 karuwa a tsawo idan canjin tsawo ya faru a wannan latitude kuma wasu dalilai kamar hazo da girgije suna kama da haka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=UCAR Center for Science Education |url=https://scied.ucar.edu/learning-zone/how-weather-works/change-atmosphere-altitude#:~:text=Near%20the%20Earth's%20surface%2C%20air,standard%20(average)%20lapse%20rate. |access-date=9 Aug 2020}}</ref> Raguwar zafin jiki tare da karuwar tsawo ya fi matsakaici a gefen tekun Pacific na Andes saboda yanayin zafi mai yawa na bakin tekun da ke da hazo. Tuddan da ke da tsawo da canje-canje masu tsawo suna haifar da yawan microclimates wanda canjin wuri na 'yan kilomita na iya haifar da manyan canje-canje na yanayi. Tsarin ruwan sama na yau da kullun na Andes shine lokacin ruwan sama na rani daga Oktoba zuwa Afrilu da kuma hunturu mai bushe daga Mayu zuwa Satumba.<ref name="Hudson"/> Snow ya zama ruwan dare a tsaunuka sama da {{Cvt|3800|m}} m (12,500 . Birnin Puno a wannan tsawo yana da dusar ƙanƙara kwanaki 14 a kowace shekara a matsakaita kuma ya yi dusar ƙara a kowane wata na shekara ban da Nuwamba.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Best time to visit |title=Best time to visit, weather and climate Puno |url=https://www.besttimetovisit.co.uk/peru/puno-2999771/ |access-date=9 Aug 2020}}</ref> Puno yana fuskantar Yanayin yanayi matsakaicin safiya 226 a kowace shekara, tare da daskarewa da ke faruwa a kowane wata kuma layin dusar ƙanƙara na dindindin yana da kusan {{Cvt|5000|m}} m (16,000 . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Puno, Peru |url=https://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weatherall.php3?s=604511&cityname=Puno%2C+Puno%2C+Peru&units= |access-date=9 August 2020 |website=Weatherbase }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Saavedra |first=Freddy |last2=Kampf |first2=Stephanie K. |last3=Fassnacht |first3=Steven R. |last4=Sibold |first4=Jason C. |title=A snow climatology of the Andes Mountains from MODIS snow cover date |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/303003015 |access-date=9 Aug 2020 |website=Royal Meteorological Society |publisher=International Journal of Climatology}}</ref> Tebur mai zuwa ya taƙaita kididdigar yanayi ga biranen da ke yankin Andes. {| class="wikitable" |+Yanayin yanayi na Andes <ref name="Peru Climate"/> !Birni !Latitude !Hawan sama !Matsakaicin shekara-shekara. !Watan da ya fi zafi !Watan da ya fi sanyi !Ruwan sama na shekara-shekara !Watan da ya fi dacewa !Yanayi (Köppen ) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Sánchez-Dávila |first=Gabriel |date=15 Sep 2022 |title=Clasificación climática de Sudamérica |url=https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/b74200791dda49958d6d39eddaca74a0 |access-date=6 November 2024 |website=ArcGIS StoryMaps |language=Spanish}}</ref> |- |Arequipa |16.40 ° S |{{Cvt|2333|m}} |{{Cvt|14.5|C}} |{{Cvt|15.3|C}} (Janairu) |{{Cvt|13.2|C}} (Yuli) |{{Cvt|75|mm}} |{{Cvt|29|mm}} in) (Fabrairu) |''BWk'' |- |Cajamarca |7.16 ° S |{{Cvt|2730|m}} |{{Cvt|13.0|C}} |{{Cvt|14.2|C}} (Janairu) |{{Cvt|11.8|C}} Yuni) |{{Cvt|770|mm}} |{{Cvt|133|mm}} in) (Maris) |''Cwb'' |- |Cusco |13.52 ° S |{{Cvt|3406|m}} |{{Cvt|11.2|C}} |{{Cvt|12.6|C}} (Nuwamba) |{{Cvt|8.9|C}} °C (48.0 (Yuli) |{{Cvt|693|mm}} |{{Cvt|154|mm}} in) (Janairu) |''Cwb'' |- |Huánuco |9.93 ° S |{{Cvt|1903|m}} |{{Cvt|18.7|C}} |{{Cvt|20|C}} (Nuwamba) |{{Cvt|16.8|C}} (Yuli) |{{Cvt|388|mm}} |{{Cvt|63|mm}} in) (Fabrairu) |''Bsh'' |- |Puno |15.84 ° S |{{Cvt|3829|m}} |{{Cvt|8.4|C}} |{{Cvt|9.8|C}} (Nuwamba) |{{Cvt|5.9|C}} (Yuli) |{{Cvt|696|mm}} |{{Cvt|150|mm}} in) (Janairu) |''Da kuma'' |} [[Fayil:Vista_panorámica_de_una_localidad_en_los_andes_de_Perú.jpg|thumb|Halin da aka saba da shi a cikin Andes mai yiwuwa a tsawo fiye da {{Cvt|3000|m}} m (9,800 .]] 'Yan asalin Peru sun kasance suna noma a cikin Andes na dubban shekaru duk da matsanancin iyakokin yanayi. Biyan kuɗi don rashin lokacin tsiro ba tare da daskarewa ba a tsaunuka sama da {{Cvt|3000|m}} m (9,800 , manoma na asali har zuwa karni na 21 sun nemi microclimates kuma sun yi amfani da dabaru kamar andenes (terraces) da Waru Waru (gidan da aka haifa) don kamawa da adana zafi da kuma ba da izinin amfanin gona mai ƙarfi kamar [[Dankalin turawa|dankali]] su girma har zuwa {{Cvt|4050|m}} a tsawo.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Zimmerer |first=Karl S. |title=The Ecogeography of Andean Potatoes |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/240297502 |access-date=8 Aug 2020}}</ref> Llamas da alpacas suna kiwo a kan tsire-tsire masu tsayi na Yankin puna har zuwa tsawo na {{Cvt|4770|m}} . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Maldonado Fonken |first=Monica Sofia |title=An introduction to the Bofedales of the Peruvian High Andes |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/269633569 |access-date=9 Aug 2020 |website=Research Gate}}</ref> == Dajin ruwan sama na Amazon == [[Fayil:Manu_National_Park-71.jpg|left|thumb|Dajin ruwan sama na Amazon a cikin Manu National Park .]] Yankin gandun daji na Amazon ya ƙunshi kusan kashi 60 cikin ɗari na jimlar yankin ƙasar Peru kuma ana siffanta shi, kamar yadda ake yi a bakin tekun, ta hanyar daidaita yanayin yanayinsa: matsakaicin yanayin zafi tare da ɗan bambanta tsakanin yanayi da yawan hazo.  Duk da yake akwai wuraren da suka dace da kowane nau'in yanayi na yanayi guda uku na Köppen, Af, Am, da Aw, bambance-bambancen da ke tsakanin sauyin yanayi guda uku a Peru ƙanana ne.  Yanayin gandun daji na wurare masu zafi (Af) yana buƙatar aƙalla 60 mm (2.4 in) hazo a duk watannin shekara.  Pucallpa (Am) yana da wata ɗaya kacal wanda ya faɗi ƙasa da wannan bakin;  Puerto Esperanza (Aw) yana da watanni uku a ƙasa da iyakar Af.  Watanni mafi bushewa suna cikin lokacin sanyi na Kudancin Hemisphere na Yuni zuwa Agusta.<ref name="Peru Climate"/> Layin raba tsakanin yanayin Amazon da Andean ba shi da tabbas, amma ya dogara da tsawo. Yanayin zafi ya zama mai sanyi tare da tsawo kuma a kusa da {{Cvt|1550|m}} m (5,090 tsawo yanayin ya zama sub-tropical maimakon na wurare masu zafi, yanayin da ake yawan nunawa a matsayin "mafiye na har abada". A Oxapampa, ''Cfb'' a ƙarƙashin rarrabawar Köppen, yanayin zafi ba ya faɗi ƙasa da {{Cvt|11|C}} ° C (52 ° F) ko ya tashi sama da {{Cvt|26|C}} ° C (79 ° F) kuma ruwan sama yana da yawa a duk shekara. Wasu wurare kalilan a tsaunuka masu kama da Oxapampa suna da lokacin fari kuma an rarraba su a matsayin ''Cwb'' (sub-tropical highland tare da hunturu mai bushe), maimakon Cfb.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Climate of Oxapampa |url=https://weatherspark.com/y/22337/Average-Weather-in-Oxapampa-Peru-Year-Round#:~:text=The%20climate%20in%20Oxapampa%20is,or%20above%2079%C2%B0F. |access-date=10 Aug 2020 |website=Weatherspark}}</ref><ref name="Peru Climate"/> Tebur mai zuwa ya taƙaita kididdigar yanayi ga birane da garuruwa a yankin gandun daji na Amazon. {| class="wikitable" |+Yanayin gandun daji na Amazon <ref name="Peru Climate"/> !Birni !Latitude !Hawan sama !Matsakaicin shekara-shekara. !Watan da ya fi zafi !Watan da ya fi sanyi !Ruwan sama na shekara-shekara !Watan da ya fi dacewa !Yanayi (Köppen) |- |Iquitos |3.75 ° S |{{Cvt|103|m}} |{{Cvt|26.4|C}} |{{Cvt|26.9|C}} (Oktoba, Nuwamba) |{{Cvt|25.4|C}} (Yuli) |{{Cvt|2857|mm}} |{{Cvt|295|mm}} in) (Maris) |''[[Yanayin gandun daji na wurare masu zafi|Af]]'' |- |Oxapampa |10.57 ° S |{{Cvt|1810|m}} |{{Cvt|18.4|C}} |{{Cvt|19.2|C}} (Oktoba, Janairu, Fabrairu) |{{Cvt|17.0|C}} Yuli) |{{Cvt|1411|mm}} |{{Cvt|203|mm}} in) (Maris) |''Cfb'' |- |Pucallpa |8.38 ° S |{{Cvt|155|m}} |{{Cvt|26.4|C}} |{{Cvt|27.1|C}} (Nuwamba) |{{Cvt|25.3|C}} (Yuni) |{{Cvt|1667|mm}} |{{Cvt|190|mm}} in) (Nuwamba) |''Am'' |- |Fata |9.77 ° S |{{Cvt|232|m}} |{{Cvt|25.4|C}} |{{Cvt|26.2|C}} (Oktoba) |{{Cvt|24.2|C}} (Yuli) |{{Cvt|1870|mm}} |{{Cvt|258|mm}} in) (Janairu) |''Aw'' |- |Dubban goma sha biyar |13.23 ° S |{{Cvt|643|m}} |{{Cvt|22.7|C}} |{{Cvt|23.9|C}} (Oktoba) |{{Cvt|21.3|C}} (Yuli) |{{Cvt|5016|mm}} |{{Cvt|734|mm}} in) (Janairu) |''[[Yanayin gandun daji na wurare masu zafi|Af]]'' |} Duk da yake Quince Mil yana da mafi girman ruwan sama na wurare a Peru tare da tashar yanayi, masu ilimin yanayi sun ce gangaren ƙananan duwatsu a arewa maso yammacin Quince Mil a Manu National Park na iya samun sama da {{Cvt|8000|mm}} in) na ruwan sama a kowace shekara.<ref name="SERNAP">{{Cite web |title=Del Manu |url=https://www.sernanp.gob.pe/del-manu |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191118133808/http://www.sernanp.gob.pe/del-manu |archive-date=18 November 2019 |access-date=7 Aug 2020 |website=SERNAP}}</ref> == El Niño == El Niño ("yaro") da La Niña ("yaro") sune bayyanar El Niño-Southern Oscillation wanda ke tasiri ga yanayi a duniya, amma musamman kusa da gabar tekun arewacin Peru da kudancin Ecuador. Lokacin dumi, El Niño, yana faruwa a kowace shekara biyu zuwa bakwai. Yanayin teku a bakin tekun Peru yana ƙaruwa da kusan {{Cvt|3|C-change}} ° C (5.4 ° F) a lokacin rani na Kudancin Hemisphere, farawa game da [[Kirsimeti]], sunan El Niño yana nufin haihuwar [[Isa|Yesu]]. El Niño yana kawo yanayin zafi da rana zuwa gabar tekun Peru fiye da yadda aka saba. A cikin shekaru masu tasiri, kamar yadda ya faru a 1982-1983, 1997-1998, da 2015-2017, <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2017 |title=The 2015-2016 El Niño and Beyond |url=https://www.ecmwf.int/en/newsletter/151/meteorology/2015-2016-el-nino-and-beyond |access-date=10 Aug 2020 |website=ECMWF Newsletter, No. 151, Spring 2017}}</ref> El Niño yana haifar da ruwan sama mai yawa a bakin tekun arewacin Peru a cikin abin da ke hamada wanda ba ya samun ruwan sama kwata-kwata. Ambaliyar ruwa da rushewar ƙasa (huaycos) sune sakamakon; ruwan dumi yana rage kama kamun kifi; kuma kudancin Andes na Peru suna fama da raguwar ruwan sama.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rodriguez-Morata |first=Clara |last2=Ballesteros-Canovas |first2=Juan Antonio |last3=Diaz |first3=Henry F. |last4=Rohrer |first4=Mario |title=The Nomalous 2017 El Nino event in Peru |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327927790 |access-date=10 Aug 2020 |website=Research Gate}}</ref> == Canjin yanayi == Kididdigar yanayi da aka ambata wannan labarin na tsawon {{Cvt|1|C-change}}-2012 ne kuma yana iya zama ba daidai ba a nan gaba saboda [[Canjin yanayi]] da dumamar duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Data Sources |url=https://en.climate-data.org/info/sources/ |access-date=11 Aug 2020 |website=Climate-Data.org}}</ref> Matsakaicin yanayin zafi na shekara-shekara ya tashi da 1 ° C (1.8 ° F) daga 1960 har zuwa 2016 kuma an yi hasashen zai karu da ƙarin 2 zuwa 3 ° C (3.6 zuwa 5.4 ° F) nan da 2065. An yi hasashen matakin teku zai tashi da {{Cvt|50|cm}} cm (20 in) ta hanyar 2100. Ana sa ran abubuwan da suka faru na matsanancin yanayi, gami da fari da ambaliyar ruwa, za su zama masu yawa.<ref name="Climate Change Risk Profile">{{Cite web |title=Climate Change Risk Profile Peru |url=https://www.climatelinks.org/sites/default/files/asset/document/2017_Climate%20Change%20Risk%20Profile_Peru.pdf |access-date=16 Aug 2020 |website=USAID Fact Sheet }}{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Matsalar da aka fi gani nan da nan game da canjin yanayi a Peru ita ce narkewar [[Gileshiya (Tsaunin kankara)|kankara]] a cikin Andes. Peru ita ce gida ga kashi 71 cikin dari na kankara na duniya kuma tun daga shekarar 1970 yawan kankara ya ragu da kashi 40. Yankunan Peru da yawa sun dogara da narkewar ƙanƙara don amfani, ban ruwa, da masana'antu. A cikin Cordillera Blanca, alal misali, narkewar kankara tana samar da kashi 80 cikin 100 na ruwa a cikin koguna a lokacin fari da kashi 4-8 cikin 100 a lokacin ruwan sama. Sakamakon karuwar narkewar kankara shine ambaliyar ruwa a lokacin rigar da karancin ruwa a cikin koguna a lokacin fari. Yankin hamada na Peru yana da kashi 52 cikin 100 na yawan mutanen Peru a kashi 12 cikin 100 na yankin ƙasarsu <ref name="Hudson"/> kuma yana da matukar damuwa ga sauye-sauye a cikin samar da ruwa, kusan dukansu sun fito ne daga koguna da suka samo asali a cikin Andes. Saurin narkewar kankara da kuma ɓacewar kankara zai yi tasiri sosai ga yawan ruwan da ke cikin yankunan bakin teku da tsaunuka.<ref name="Climate Change Risk Profile"/> Hukumar Tattalin Arziki ta Latin Amurka da Caribbean (ECLAC) ta kiyasta cewa asarar tattalin arziki da ke da alaƙa da canjin yanayi na Peru na iya kaiwa sama da 15% na babban kayan cikin gida (GDP) ta hanyar 2100.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 December 2014 |title=The Economics of Climate Change in Peru |url=http://www.cepal.org/en/pressreleases/climate-change-peru-seen-affecting-fishing-high-andes-livestock-and-agricultural |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151014195606/http://www.cepal.org/en/pressreleases/climate-change-peru-seen-affecting-fishing-high-andes-livestock-and-agricultural |archive-date=2015-10-14 |access-date=2015-11-03 |website=Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean}}</ref> Kasancewa babbar ƙasa tare da tsawo bakin teku, duwatsu masu dusar ƙanƙara da kuma manyan gandun daji, yanayin halittu daban-daban na Peru suna da matukar damuwa ga canjin yanayi. Yawancin tsaunuka masu kankara sun riga sun fara komawa baya, wanda ke haifar da karancin ruwa a wasu yankuna. A cikin lokacin tsakanin 1990 da 2015, Peru ta sami karuwar kashi 99% a cikin hayakin carbon na kowane mutum daga man fetur da samar da siminti, yana nuna ɗayan mafi girma a tsakanin ƙasashen Kudancin Amurka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Forging low emission development paths in Latin America and the Caribbean: Multi-level dynamics in the world's most urbanized region |url=http://ledsgp.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/GIP01771-CDKN_LEDS_LAC_Urbanization_final_updated_5-6-17_proof.pdf |access-date=10 July 2017 |website=LEDS GP}}</ref> Peru ta kawo dabarun kasa kan canjin yanayi a shekara ta 2003. Yana da cikakken lissafi na dabarun dabarun 11 waɗanda ke ba da fifiko ga binciken kimiyya, rage tasirin canjin yanayi a kan matalauta, da ƙirƙirar Tsarin Ci Gaban Tsabtace (CDM) ragewa da manufofin [[Daidaituwar canjin yanayi|daidaitawa]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=LSE Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment |url=http://www.lse.ac.uk/GranthamInstitute/legislation/countries/peru/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160119030028/http://www.lse.ac.uk/GranthamInstitute/legislation/countries/peru/ |archive-date=2016-01-19 |access-date=2015-11-03 |website=London School of Economics}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2010, Ma'aikatar Muhalli ta Peru ta buga Shirin Aiki don Daidaitawa da Rage Canjin Yanayi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Action Plan for Adaptation and Mitigation Against Climate Change (Peru) |url=http://theredddesk.org/countries/plans/action-plan-adaptation-and-mitigation-against-climate-change-peru |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160119030028/http://theredddesk.org/countries/plans/action-plan-adaptation-and-mitigation-against-climate-change-peru |archive-date=19 January 2016 |access-date=3 November 2015 |website=The REDD Desk}}</ref> Shirin ya rarraba shirye-shiryen da ke akwai da na gaba a cikin ƙungiyoyi bakwai, gami da: hanyoyin bayar da rahoto game da hayaki na GHG, ragewa, daidaitawa, bincike da ci gaban fasahar tsarin, kudi da gudanarwa, da ilimin jama'a. Har ila yau, ya ƙunshi cikakkun bayanai game da kasafin kuɗi da bincike game da canjin yanayi. A cikin shekara ta 2014, Peru ta dauki bakuncin taron ashirin na jam'iyyun Yarjejeniyar Tsarin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Canjin Yanayi (UNFCCC COP20). <ref>{{Cite web |title=UN Framework Convention on Climate Change COP20 |url=http://unfccc.int/meetings/lima_dec_2014/meeting/8141.php |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151030065231/http://unfccc.int/meetings/lima_dec_2014/meeting/8141.php |archive-date=2015-10-30 |access-date=2015-11-03 |website=UNFCCC COP20}}</ref> A lokaci guda, Peru ta kafa sabuwar dokar yanayi wacce ke samar da tsarin samar da iskar gas mai guba ta kasa da ake kira INFOCARBONO . <ref>{{Cite web |title=LEDS GP Peru's National Climate Law |url=http://ledsgp.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/CDKN_LEDS_PB_INFOCARBONO_FINAL_WEB.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160119030028/http://ledsgp.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/CDKN_LEDS_PB_INFOCARBONO_FINAL_WEB.pdf |archive-date=2016-01-19 |access-date=2015-11-03 |website=LEDS Global Partnership}}</ref> Dangane da Low Emission Development Strategies Global Partnership (LEDS GP), INFOCARBONO babban canji ne na tsarin kula da iskar gas na kasar. A baya, tsarin yana ƙarƙashin ikon Ma'aikatar Muhalli ta Peru. Sabon tsarin ya sanya kowane ma'aikatar da ta dace da alhakin rabon su na kula da iskar gas. [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] eweac7oxb5osnluusbj0a7fn3qjghg6 0 108889 829947 681739 2026-05-05T08:51:42Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829947 wikitext text/x-wiki  <templatestyles src="Module:Sidebar/styles.css"></templatestyles>A halin yanzu, siyasar [[Sudan]] tana faruwa ne a cikin tsarin Gwamnatin wucin gadi ta Tarayya. A baya, <nowiki><i id="mwEA">shugaban kasa</i></nowiki> ya kasance [[shugaban kasa]], [[Shugaban Gwamnati|shugaban gwamnati]], da kuma Babban kwamandan Sojojin Sudan a cikin Tsarin jam'iyyun da yawa. An ba da ikon tafiyar da dokoki a hukumance a cikin gwamnati da kuma a cikin majalisun biyu, Majalisar Dokoki ta Kasa (ƙananan) da Majalisar Jihohi (mafi girma), na Majalisar Dokoki ta Kasa. shari'a tana da 'yanci kuma Kotun Tsarin Mulki ce ta samu.<ref name="cia.gov">{{Cite web |title=Africa :: Sudan — The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/sudan/ |access-date=October 3, 2019 |website=www.cia.gov |archive-date=January 11, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210111020040/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/sudan/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Koyaya, biyo bayan mafi munin yakin basasa da kuma kisan kare dangi da ke gudana a Darfur, an san Sudan a matsayin ƙasa mai mulkin kama karya inda Shugaba [[Omar al-Bashir]] da Jam'iyyar National Congress Party (NCP) suka mallaki duk ikon siyasa mai tasiri.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Adam |first=Ahmed H. |title=What next for Sudan after Bashir's nomination for a third term? |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/sudan-bashir-nomination-term-180813110957240.html |access-date=October 3, 2019 |website=www.aljazeera.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gallab |first=Abdúllahi A. |year=2001 |title=The Insecure Rendezvous Between Islam and Totalitarianism: The Failure of the Islamist State in the Sudan |journal=Arab Studies Quarterly |volume=23 |issue=2 |pages=87–108 |jstor=41858375}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Refugees |first=United Nations High Commissioner for |title=Refworld &#124; Human Rights Watch World Report 1994 - Sudan |url=https://www.refworld.org/docid/467fca7c14.html |access-date=October 3, 2019 |website=Refworld}}</ref> Koyaya, an kori al-Bashir da NCP a juyin mulkin soja wanda ya faru a ranar 11 ga Afrilu shekara ta dubu biyu da sha tara 2019. <ref name="aljazeeraspeaks">{{Cite web |title=Sudan's military removes al-Bashir: All the latest updates |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/04/sudan-army-removes-bashir-latest-updates-190411125048555.html |access-date=October 3, 2019 |website=www.aljazeera.com}}</ref> Gwamnatin Sudan ta kasance karkashin jagorancin Majalisar Sojojin Canji ko TMC. <ref name="africanews">{{Cite web |date=12 April 2019 |title=Sudan coup leader resigns, protesters celebrate 'triumph' |url=https://www.africanews.com/2019/04/12/sudan-coup-leader-resigns/}}</ref><ref name="cbcspeaks">{{Cite web |title=Sudan replaces military leader linked to genocide, rejects extraditing ex-president {{!}} CBC News |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/sudan-demonstrators-civilian-government-1.5095171}}</ref> A ranar 20 ga watan Agustan shekara ta dubu biyu da sha tara 2019, TMC ta rushe ta ba da ikonta ga Majalisar Mulki ta Sudan, wacce aka shirya ta yi mulki na watanni 39 har zuwa 2022, a cikin tsarin sauyawa zuwa dimokuradiyya. Koyaya, an rushe Majalisar Mulki da gwamnatin Sudan a watan Oktoba shekara ta dubu biyu da shirin 2021. == Tarihi == An sake fasalin tsarin siyasa na Sudan sosai bayan juyin mulkin soja a ranar 30 ga Yuni shekara ta 1989, lokacin da [[Omar al-Bashir|Omar Al-Bashir]], a lokacin birgediya ne a cikin Sojojin Sudan, ya jagoranci ƙungiyar jami'ai kuma ya kori gwamnatin [[Firai Minista|Firayim Minista]] Sadiq al-Mahdi. A karkashin jagorancin Al-Bashir, sabuwar gwamnatin soja ta dakatar da jam'iyyun siyasa kuma ta gabatar da dokar Islama a matakin kasa. Daga nan sai ya zama Shugaban Kwamitin Juyin Juya Halin (Revolution) don Ceto na Kasa (sabuwar kungiya da aka kafa tare da ikon majalisa da zartarwa don abin da aka bayyana a matsayin lokacin canji), kuma ya ɗauki mukamin [[shugaban kasa]], Firayim Minista, shugaban sojoji, da Ministan tsaro. Bugu da ƙari, bayan kafa dokar Shari'a a Arewacin ƙasar Sudan tare da [[Hassan al-Turabi|Hassan Al-Turabi]], Al-Bashir ya ba da tsaftacewa da kisa a cikin manyan mukamai na sojoji, haramta ƙungiyoyi, jam'iyyun siyasa, da jaridu masu zaman kansu da kamu da kuma ɗaure manyan 'yan siyasa da suka gabata da' yan jarida. A shekara ta alif dari taya da casain da uku 1993, Sudan ta canza zuwa wata jam'iyya daya ta Musulunci yayin da Al-Bashir ya soke Majalisar Kwamandan Juyin Juya Halin kuma ya kirkiro Jam'iyyar Musulunci ta Kasa (NIF) tare da sabon majalisa da gwamnati da mambobin NIF suka samu kawai, kuma ya ayyana kansa Shugaban Sudan. A sakamakon haka, Yaƙin basasar Sudan na Biyu tare da Sojojin 'Yanci na Jama'ar Sudan (SPLA) zai karu ne kawai a cikin shekaru masu zuwa. Daga shekarar alif dari tara da tamanin da uku 1983 zuwa shekara alif dari tara da casain da bakwai 1997, an raba ƙasar zuwa yankuna biyar a Arewa da uku a kudu, kowannensu yana ƙarƙashin jagorancin gwamnan soja. Bayan juyin mulkin soja a shekarar alif dari tara da tamanin da tara 1989, an dakatar da tarurrukan yanki. Tare da Kwamitin Juyin Juya Halin don Ceto na Kasa da aka soke a 1993 da kuma Jam'iyyar National Islamic Front (NIF) mai mulki ta kafa Jam'iyyar Congress Party (NCP), sabuwar jam'iyyar ta haɗa da wasu mambobin da ba Musulmai ba, galibi 'yan siyasa na Kudancin Sudan, wasu daga cikinsu an nada su ne a matsayin ministoci ko gwamnonin jihohi. A shekara ta alif dari tara da casain da bakwai 1997, an maye gurbin tsarin gudanarwar yanki ta hanyar kirkirar jihohi ashirin da shida. Shugabannin, majalisun, da manyan jami'an jihohi ne shugaban kasa ke nada su, kuma iyakantaccen kasafin kudin su ana ƙayyade su kuma ana rarraba su daga Khartoum. Jihohin, a sakamakon haka, sun kasance suna dogara da tattalin arziki ga gwamnatin tsakiya. Jihar Khartoum, wacce ta ƙunshi babban birnin da gundumomi masu kewaye, gwamna ne ke gudanar da ita. Bayan sanya hannu kan Yarjejeniyar Zaman Lafiya (CPA) a shekara ta dubu biyu da biyar 2005 tsakanin gwamnatin Omar Al-Bashir da "Sudan People's Liberation Movement / Army (SPLM / A)", an kafa Gwamnatin Haɗin Kai ta Kasa a Sudan daidai da Kundin Tsarin Mulki na wucin gadi inda aka kirkiro matsayin [[List of vice presidents of Sudan|mataimakin shugaban kasa]] wanda ke wakiltar kudu ban da mataimakin shugaban arewacin Sudan. Wannan ya ba da damar Arewa da kudu su raba ajiyar [[mai]] daidai, <ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-01-17 |title=Some Reflection on Upcoming Division of Sudan |url=http://www.mohammadmufti.com/2011/01/some-reflection-on-upcoming-division-of.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110513193859/http://www.mohammadmufti.com/2011/01/some-reflection-on-upcoming-division-of.html |archive-date=2011-05-13 |access-date=2011-01-19 |publisher=Mohammad Mufti}}</ref> amma kuma ya bar sojojin arewa da na kudu a wurin. Bayan Yarjejeniyar Zaman Lafiya ta Darfur, ofishin babban mai ba da shawara ga shugaban kasa, matsayi na huɗu mafi girma na tsarin mulki, an ba da shi ga Minni Minnawi, [[Mutanen Zaghawa|Zaghawa]] na Sojojin 'Yancin Sudan (SLA) da ke Darfur. An raba mukamai na zartarwa tsakanin Jam'iyyar National Congress Party (NCP), Sudan People's Liberation Movement / Army (SPLM / A) , Gabashin Gabas da ƙungiyoyin Jam'iyyar Umma da Jam'iyyar Democratic Unionist Party (DUP). Wannan yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya tare da SPLM / A ta ba da ikon cin gashin kanta na [[Sudan ta Kudu|Kudancin Sudan]] na tsawon shekaru shida, wanda za a bi ta da raba gardama game da 'yancin kai a shekara ta dubu biyu da sha daya 2011. Dangane da sabon kundin tsarin mulki na shekara ta dubu biyu da biyar 2005, majalisa Dokokin Kasa ta Bicameral ita ce majalisar dokokin kasar Sudan ta hukuma, kuma an raba ta tsakanin majalisa biyu; Majalisar Dokoki ta Kasa, ƙaramin gida tare da kujeru 450, da Majalisar Jihohi, babban gida tare da kujera 50. Don haka majalisar ta kunshi mambobi 500 da aka nada gaba ɗaya, inda dukkansu ke zabar su ta hanyar kai tsaye ta majalisun jihohi don yin wa'adin shekaru shida.<ref name="cia.gov"/> Duk da takardar shaidarsa ta kasa da kasa, an sake zaban Omar Al-Bashir a zaben shugaban kasa na kasar Sudan na shekara ta dubu biyu da goma 2010, zaben [[Dimokaraɗiyya|dimokuradiyya]] na farko tare da jam'iyyun siyasa da yawa da suka shiga cikin shekaru tara.<ref>{{Cite web |title=SPLM Kiir to run for president in Sudan 2009 elections - Sudan Tribune: Plural news and views on Sudan |url=http://www.sudantribune.com/spip.php?article28034 |access-date=October 3, 2019 |website=www.sudantribune.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Esatern Sudan Beja, SPLM discuss electoral alliance - Sudan Tribune: Plural news and views on Sudan |url=http://www.sudantribune.com/spip.php?article28067 |access-date=October 3, 2019 |website=www.sudantribune.com}}</ref> Abokin hamayyarsa na siyasa shine Mataimakin Shugaban kasa [[Salva Kiir Mayardit]], shugaban SPLA na yanzu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=SPLM Kiir to run for president in Sudan 2009 elections |url=http://www.sudantribune.com/spip.php?article28034 |access-date=2 November 2013 |publisher=Sudan Tribune}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=404 De pagina is niet gevonden |url=http://home.kpn.nl/ende0098/Articles/20080726a.html |access-date=October 4, 2019 |website=home.kpn.nl |archive-date=November 2, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211102164923/http://home.kpn.nl/ende0098/Articles/20080726a.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> A watan Disamba na shekara ta alif dari tara da casain da tara 1999, gwagwarmayar iko ta kai ga ƙarshe tsakanin Shugaba [[Omar al-Bashir|Omar Al-Bashir]] da [[Hassan al-Turabi|Hassan Al-Turabi]], wanda ya kafa NIF, masanin akidar Islama kuma mai magana da yawun majalisa. An cire Al-Turabi daga mukaminsa a jam'iyyar da ke mulki da gwamnati, an rushe majalisa, an dakatar da kundin tsarin mulki, kuma an ayyana dokar ta baci ta hanyar dokar shugaban kasa. Majalisar ta ci gaba a watan Fabrairun shekara ta dubu biyu da daya 2001 bayan zaben shugaban kasa da na majalisar dokoki na watan Disamba na shekara ta dubu biyu 2000, amma dokokin gaggawa na kasa sun kasance suna aiki. Kusan a lokaci guda an buga "Black Book", wani rubutun da 'yan Yammacin Turai masu adawa suka yi wanda ke ba da cikakken bayani game da mamayar mutanen arewa. An kama Al-Turabi a watan Fabrairun shekara ta dubu biyu da daya 2001, kuma an tuhume shi da zama barazana ga tsaron kasa da tsarin mulki don sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar fahimta tare da SPLM / A. An sanya shi a kurkuku mai tsaron gida har sai an sake shi a shekara ta dubu biyu da biyar 2005. A matsayin wani ɓangare na yarjejeniyar da ta kawo karshen Yaƙin basasar Sudan na Biyu, an rantsar da mambobi tara na SPLM / A da mambobi 16 na gwamnati a matsayin Ministoci a ranar 22 ga Satumba shekara ta dubu biyu da biyar 2005, suna kafa gwamnatin farko ta bayan yakin na hadin kan kasa. An jinkirta rantsar da shi saboda jayayya game da wanda zai sami fayiloli daban-daban kuma sakamakon mutuwar Mataimakin Shugaban kasa John Garang. Jam'iyyar National Congress Party ta ci gaba da kula da mahimman [[makamashi]], tsaro, ciki gida da wuraren kudi, yayin da wanda aka nada na "SPLM" ya zama Ministan kasashen waje. Mataimakin Shugaban kasa mai suna [[Salva Kiir Mayardit|Salva Kiir]] an ruwaito cewa ya goyi bayan gardamar kan wanda zai mallaki muhimmiyar Ma'aikatar Makamashi da Ma'adinai, wacce ke kula da fitar da filayen mai na Sudan. A ranar 11 ga watan Afrilu shekara ta dubu biyu da sha tara 2019, an hambarar da al-Bashir da gwamnatinsa a juyin mulkin soja karkashin jagorancin mataimakin shugabansa na farko da ministan tsaro, wanda daga bisani ya kafa gwamnatin soja mai mulki a yanzu <ref name="aljazeeraspeaks"/> Kashegari Auf ya ba da iko ga Laftanar Janar Abdel Fattah Abdelrahman Burhan. <ref name="cbcspeaks"/><ref name="africanews"/><ref name="euronewsperaks">{{Cite web |date=April 12, 2019 |title=Sudan's deputy head of transitional military appointed |url=https://www.euronews.com/2019/04/12/head-of-sudan-military-council-steps-down-one-day-after-long-time-leader-bashir-toppled-in |access-date=October 3, 2019 |website=euronews}}</ref><ref name="sfgatespeaks">{{Cite web |title=The Latest: Sudan's post-coup transitional leader steps down - SFGate |url=https://www.sfgate.com/news/world/article/The-Latest-Sudanese-army-defends-its-ouster-of-13761972.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190414164305/https://www.sfgate.com/news/world/article/The-Latest-Sudanese-army-defends-its-ouster-of-13761972.php |archive-date=2019-04-14 |access-date=2019-04-12}}</ref> Majalisar Sarautar kasar Sudan, rundunar soja da farar hula wacce ita ce mafi girman iko a cikin gwamnatin rikon kwarya, ta mallaki Sudan tun bayan faduwar Omar Al-Bashir. Firayim Minista [[Abdalla Hamdok]] shine shugaban farar hular majalisar ministoci.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sudan Prime Minister Hamdok Names New Cabinet |url=https://www.voaafrica.com/a/africa_sudan-prime-minister-hamdok-names-new-cabinet/6201826.html}}</ref> A watan Oktoba shekara ta dubu boyu da ashirin 2020, kasar Sudan ta yi yarjejeniya don daidaita dangantakar diflomasiyya da Isra'ila, a matsayin wani ɓangare na yarjejeniyar Amurka ta cire Sudan daga jerin Amurka na masu tallafawa ta'addanci.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sudan formally recognizes Israel in U.S.-brokered deal |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/sudan-formally-recognizes-israel-u-s-brokered-deal-n1240839 |website=[[NBC News]]}}</ref> Ya zuwa watan Agustan shekara dubu biyu da ashirin da daya 2021, shugaban Majalisar Mulki, Abdul Fattah Al-Burhan, da Firayim Minista Abdallah Hamdok ne suka jagoranci kasar.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sudan Threatens to Use Military Option to Regain Control over Border with Ethiopia |url=https://english.aawsat.com/home/article/3136536/sudan-threatens-use-military-option-regain-control-over-border-ethiopia}}</ref> A ranar 25 ga Oktoba shekara ta dubu biyu da ashirin da daya 2021, Majalisar Mulki da gwamnatin kasar Sudan sun rushe sosai bayan an hambarar da su a [[Juyin Mulkin Sudan na 2021|Juyin mulkin Sudan na 2021]].<ref name="stilldissolved2021">{{Cite web |date=25 October 2021 |title=Live: Sudan's General Burhan dissolves government, declares state of emergency |url=https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20211025-live-sudan-s-armed-forces-detain-pm-hamdok-for-refusing-to-join-coup |access-date=25 October 2021 |website=France 24 |language=en}}</ref> == Jam'iyyun siyasa da zabe ==   == Fadada bincike == * Cin hanci da rashawa a Sudan * [[Haƙƙin Ɗan Adam a Sudan|'Yancin Dan Adam a Sudan]] * Tsarin zaman lafiya na Sudan * zanga-zangar 2011-13 a Sudan * Canjin Sudan zuwa dimokuradiyya na 2019 * Majalisar Sarautar Sudan (disambiguation) * Juyin mulkin Sudan == Manazarta == {{Reflist}}{{Sudan topics}}{{Africa topic|Politics of}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Politics Of Sudan}} q6nsdoea4lr3hjya4lm7674dq0n08v6 0 109001 829762 810460 2026-05-04T23:44:27Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829762 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Gwadar_Port.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Gwadar]] Yanayin Gwadar yana kan mita 0 (0 ft) – mita 300 (984 ft) sama da matakin teku kuma yana da busasshiyar yanayi mai zafi.  Tasirin teku yana kiyaye zafin jiki ƙasa da na lokacin rani kuma mafi girma a cikin hunturu.  Matsakaicin zafin jiki a cikin watan Yuni mafi zafi yana kasancewa tsakanin 31 °C (88 °F) da 32 °C (90 °F).  Matsakaicin zafin jiki a cikin watan Janairu mafi sanyi ya bambanta daga 18 °C (64 °F) zuwa 19 °C (66 °F).  Daidaiton yanayin zafi wani yanayi ne na musamman na yankin bakin teku a Balochistan.  Lokaci-lokaci, iskar da ke motsawa a cikin tudun Balochistan suna kawo sanyi, in ba haka ba lokacin sanyi yana da daɗi.  A Gwadar, damuna ya fi rani gajere.  Yanayin Gwadar dai-dai yake da na Gabas ta Tsakiya domin galibin ruwan sama na faruwa ne daga Disamba zuwa Janairu.  An yi rikodin ruwan sama mafi girma na milimita 227 (8.9 in) a cikin awanni 24 a ranar 6 ga Yuni 2010 <ref name="pakmet.com.pk">{{Cite web |title=RAINFALL STATEMENT JUNE-2010 |url=http://www.pakmet.com.pk/FFD/index_files/rainfalljune10.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100729124915/http://www.pakmet.com.pk/FFD/index_files/rainfalljune10.htm |archive-date=29 July 2010 |access-date=2010-07-29 |website=[[Pakistan Meteorological Department]]}}</ref>{{Weather box}} == Abubuwan da suka shafi == Gwadar da ke kusa da tsibirin Larabawa yana da zafi da bushewar yanayi kusan duk shekara. Wadannan sune manyan abubuwan da ke tasiri ga yanayin Gwadar. * Hargitsi na Yammaci yawanci yana faruwa a lokacin watanni na rani kuma yana haifar da ruwan sama mai matsakaici zuwa sama da matsakaici, yanayin zafi yana raguwa saboda shi. * '''Iska ta Shamal''' galibi yana faruwa a cikin watanni na Afrilu har zuwa Mayu, waɗannan iskõki suna da ƙura sosai kuma suna da ƙarfi da safe fiye da dare.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shamal &#124; wind current |url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/538191/shamal |website=[[Britannica]]}}</ref> * '''Iska ta nahiyar''' tana da rinjaye a lokacin da babu ruwan sama a cikin birni.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Government of Pakistan |url=http://www.pakmet.com.pk/Pakistan%20Weather%20outlook/November%202009.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100726212935/http://www.pakmet.com.pk/Pakistan%20Weather%20outlook/November%202009.html |archive-date=26 July 2010 |access-date=2010-10-03}}</ref> == Yanayin yanayi na kowane wata == Wadannan sune taƙaitaccen yanayi na kowane wata a Gwadar. === Janairu === Janairu shine watan da ya fi sanyi birni tare da mafi ƙarancin zafin jiki na {{Convert|2.3|C|F}} ° C (36.1 ° F) da aka rubuta a ranar 31 ga Janairun 2001 yayin da mafi girman zafin jiki ya kasance {{Convert|31.1|C|F}} ° C (88.0 ° F) wanda aka rubuta a kan 30 ga Janairu 1963.<ref name="ReferenceA"/> Yammacin Yamma yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a yanayin Gwadar yayin da yawancin ruwan sama na hunturu ke zubar da shi. Gwadar kasancewa kusa da iyakar [[Iran]] yana samun matsakaici zuwa sama da matsakaici ruwan sama a wannan watan yayin da tashin hankali na Yammacin Turai ke da ƙarfi kusa da iyakan yammacin Pakistan. Ruwan sama mafi girma na wannan watan ya kasance millimeters 199.1 (7.84 in) da aka rubuta a 1970 yayin da matsakaicin ya kasance millimita 25.9 (1.02 in). <ref name="ReferenceA" /> Ruwan sama mafi tsanani awanni 24 ya faru ne a ranar 13 ga Janairun 1970 a 99 millimeters (3.9 in). <ref name="ReferenceA" /> === Fabrairu === Fabrairu kuma yana da sanyi sosai birni tare da mafi ƙarancin zafin jiki na {{Convert|1.2|C|F}} ° C (34.2 ° F) da aka rubuta a ranar 1 ga Fabrairu 2001 yayin da mafi girman zafin jiki ya kasance {{Convert|33|C|F}} ° C (91 ° F) wanda aka rubuta a 27 ga Fabrairun 2008.<ref name="ReferenceA"/> Har ila yau, ruwan sama mai matsakaici yana faruwa a wannan watan. Mafi yawan ruwan sama na kowane wata na 265.7 millimeters (10.46 in) an rubuta shi a 1986 tare da matsakaicin {{Convert|22.7|mm|in}} in), yayin da ruwan sama mafi girma na sa'o'i 24 ya kasance 145.8 millimeters (5.74 in) da aka rubuta a ranar 21 ga Fabrairu 1987. <ref name="ReferenceA" /> A ranar 25 ga Fabrairu 2024 Yayin da tashin hankali mai karfi na Yamma ya fara haifar da farashin Balochistan Rain ya ci gaba na kwanaki 3 A Gawadar har zuwa 27 ga Fabrairun 150mm+ Rain Records Har zuwa 27 ga Feb 2PM 2024 . === Maris === Yanayi mai zafi da bushe shine babban abin da wannan watan tare da mafi girman zafin jiki na {{Convert|40.1|C|F}} ° C (104.2 ° F) da aka rubuta a ranar 29 ga Maris 1999, yayin da mafi ƙarancin zafin jiki ya {{Convert|8|C|F}} ° C (46 ° F) ya rubuta a ranar 4 ga Maris 2003.<ref name="ReferenceA"/> Ruwan sama yana da wuya wannan watan tare da matsakaicin ruwan sama na 15 millimeters (0.59 in) yayin da mafi girma ga wannan watan shine 129 millimeters (5.1 in) 2005 kuma ruwan sama mafi nauyi na awa 24 ya faru a 2 Maris 2005 wanda shine 116 millimeters (4.6 in). <ref name="ReferenceA" /> === Afrilu === Har ila yau, yanayin zafi da bushe yana motsawa a kan birni tare da karuwar zafin jiki. An rubuta mafi girman zafin jiki na {{Convert|44.7|C|F}} ° C (1{{Convert|12|C|F}}.5 ° F) a ranar 6 ga Afrilu 2001, yayin da mafi ƙarancin zafin jiki ya 12 ° C (54 ° F) ya kasance a ranar 30 ga Afrilu 2004. <ref name="ReferenceA"/> Babu ruwan sama da ke faruwa a wannan watan tare da matsakaicin ruwan sama na 0.1 millimeters (0.0039 in) yayin da mafi girma ga wannan watan ya kasance 73.4 millimeters (2.89 in) a 1961. Ruwan sama mafi girma na sa'o' ya faru ne a ranar 14 ga Afrilu 1994 a 50 millimeters (2.0 in). <ref name="ReferenceA" /> === Mayu === Yanayin a watan Mayu yayi daidai da na Afrilu.  Zafin zafi shine babban dalilin wannan watan.  Mafi girman zafin jiki da aka rubuta a cikin birni shine 45.7 °C (114.3 °F) a ranar 25 ga Mayu 1992, yayin da mafi ƙanƙanta ya kasance 15.5 °C (59.9 °F) da aka rubuta a ranar 2 ga Mayu 2001. Babu ruwan sama a wannan watan amma ɗigon ruwa na iya faruwa da wuya.  Mafi girman ruwan sama na watan Mayu shine milimita 5.4 (0.21 in) da aka rubuta a cikin 1982, yayin da matsakaicin ruwan sama ya kai millimita 0.5 (0.020 in) kuma mafi girman ruwan sama na sa'o'i 24 na watan Mayu kuma shine milimita 5.4 (0.21 in) da aka rubuta a ranar 2 ga Mayu 1982. === Yuni === [[Fayil:Gwadar_Fishing_Port.jpg|right|thumb|Duwatsun da ke kallon Gwadar.]] Yuni shine watan mafi zafi a cikin birnin Gwadar.  Mafi zafi shine 48 °C (118 °F) da aka yi rikodin ranar 8 ga Yuni 1979, yayin da aka yi rikodin mafi ƙarancin zafin jiki a ranar 2 ga Yuni 2000 a 20 °C (68 °F).  Ruwan sama ba ya faruwa a cikin wannan watan.  Idan guguwar yanayi mai zafi da ta kunno kai a Tekun Arabiya ta tunkari Gwadar, to ana iya samun ruwan sama kamar yadda guguwar ta yi rauni a lokacin da suka isa Gwadar.  Guguwar Gonu ta wuce Gwadar da ruwan sama mai sauki amma ta kawo iska mai karfi a farkon watan Yunin 2007. A ranar 26 ga watan Yunin 2007, Cyclone Yemyin a matsayin kasa mai rauni mai rauni ta fado kusa da Gwadar tare da ruwan sama mai girman millimita 36 (1.4 in) na ruwan sama [1] da kuma a cikin makon farko na watan Yuni 2010 Category-et Cyclonestor City tare da iska mai ƙarfi.  120 km/h da kuma ruwan sama mai karfin milimita 372 (14.6 in) cikin kwanaki biyu, an yi rikodin milimita 143 (5.6 in) a ranar 5 ga watan Yuni kuma an sami raguwar milimita 227 (8.9 in) a cikin sa’o’i 24 a ranar 6 ga watan Yunin 2010.  2.4 millimeters (0.094 in). === Yuli === Yuli ya yi daidai da Yuni, yanayin ya kasance mai zafi da zafi. Mafi girman zafin jiki shine {{Convert|42.5|C|F}} ° C (108.5 ° F) da aka rubuta a ranar 14 ga Yuli 1987 yayin da mafi ƙarancin zafin jiki ya kasance {{Convert|20.8|C|F}} ° C (69.4 ° F) wanda aka rubuta a 12 ga Yuli 2001. Drizzles na iya faruwa wannan watan. Mafi yawan ruwan sama na wannan watan ya kasance 99.1 millimeters (3.90 in) a 1979 yayin da matsakaicin shine 6.6 millimeters (0.26 in) kuma mafi girman ruwan sama na awa 24 a wannan watan ya zama 90 millimeters (2.5 in) wanda ya faru a ranar 25 ga Yuli 1976. <ref name="dawn.com">{{Cite web |date=6 June 2007 |title=Gwadar boats sink; cyclone nears Oman – Newspaper – DAWN.COM |url=http://www.dawn.com/2007/06/06/top15.htm}}</ref> === Agusta === Babu wani canji yanayin Gwadar a watan Agusta kamar yadda ya kasance mai zafi da zafi amma yanayin zafi ya ragu kadan. Mafi girman zafin jiki shine {{Convert|39.5|C|F}} ° C (103.1 ° F) da aka rubuta a ranar 11 ga watan Agusta 1962 yayin da mafi ƙarancin zafin jiki ya kasance {{Convert|20.5|C|F}} ° C (68.9 ° F) wanda aka rubuta a kan 4 ga watan Agustan 1999. Drizzles na iya faruwa wannan watan, ma. Mafi yawan ruwan sama na wannan watan ya kasance 56.5 millimeters (2.22 in) a 1979 yayin da matsakaicin ya kasance 2.8 millimeters (0.11 in) kuma mafi girman ruwan sama na awa 24 a wannan watan ya zama 32.3 millimeters (1.27 in) wanda ya faru a ranar 22 ga watan Agusta 1970. === Satumba === Satumba ya fi zafi amma ba shi da zafi fiye da Agusta. Amma yanayin zafi yana tashi wannan watan. Mafi girman zafin jiki shine {{Convert|41.1|C|F}} ° C (106.0 ° F) da aka rubuta a ranar 11 ga Satumba 1962 yayin da mafi ƙarancin zafin jiki ya kasance {{Convert|18|C|F}} ° C (64 ° F) wanda aka rubuta a 26 ga Satumba 2004. Rashin yawan drizzle na iya faruwa wannan watan. Mafi yawan ruwan sama na wannan watan ya kasance 7.4 millimeters (0.29 in) yayin da matsakaicin shine 0.2 millimeters 0.0079 in) kuma mafi girman ruwan sama na awa 24 a wannan watan ya zama 5.6 millimeters0.22 in) wanda ya faru a ranar 7 ga Satumba 1976. === Oktoba === [[Fayil:Wilderness_-_Gwadar.jpg|left|thumb|Yawancin ƙasar a Gwadar hamada ce.]] Oktoba shine watan da ya fi bushewa birni kuma shine watan da ake ziyarci birni a lokacin kaka. Mafi girman zafin jiki shine {{Convert|41|C|F}} ° C (106 ° F) da aka rubuta a ranar 1 ga Oktoba 1999 yayin da mafi ƙarancin zafin jiki ya kasance {{Convert|13|C|F}} ° C (55 ° F) wanda aka rubuta a kan 23 ga Oktoba 1975. Drizzles na iya faruwa wannan watan. Mafi yawan ruwan sama na wannan watan ya kasance 39 millimeters (1.5 in) 1997 yayin da matsakaicin shine 0.9 millimeters (0.035 in) kuma mafi girman ruwan sama na awa 24 a cikin wannan watan ya zama 12.4 millimeters (0,49 in) wanda ya faru a ranar 25 ga Oktoba 1997. === Nuwamba === Makon farko na Nuwamba yana da zafi yayin da sauran suna da sauƙi tare da yanayin bushe. Mafi girman zafin jiki shine {{Convert|37.2|C|F}} ° C (99.0 ° F) da aka rubuta a ranar 1 ga Nuwamba 1965 yayin da mafi ƙarancin zafin jiki ya kasance {{Convert|5.5|C|F}} ° C (41.9 ° F) wanda aka rubuta a 27 ga Nuwamba 2003. Ruwan sama na hunturu yana faruwa wannan watan saboda rikice-Rikicin Yamma. Mafi yawan ruwan sama na wannan watan ya 47 millimeters (1.9 in) a 1963 yayin da matsakaicin shine 3.7 millimeters (0.15 in) kuma mafi girman ruwan sama na awa 24 a wannan watan shine 42 millimeters (3.7 in) wanda ya faru a ranar 24 ga Nuwamba 1963. === Disamba === Disamba shine watan da guguwar sanyi ta mamaye birnin saboda Gwadar tana kusa da teku, yana mai da Disamba wata mai sauƙi. Rikicin Yammacin Turai yana haifar da ruwan sama mai tsanani a wannan watan wanda ke rage zafin jiki. Mafi girman zafin jiki shine {{Convert|33.1|C|F}} ° C (91.6 ° F) da aka rubuta a ranar 8 ga Disamba 2005 yayin da mafi ƙarancin zafin jiki ya kasance {{Convert|0.5|C|F}} ° C (32.9 ° F) wanda aka rubuta a kan 15 ga Disamba 2003.<ref name="ReferenceA">{{Cite web |title=Mean FOR THE PERIOD 1961 - 2009 |url=http://www.pakmet.com.pk/cdpc/Climate/Jiwani_Climate_Data.txt |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100613053318/http://www.pakmet.com.pk/cdpc/Climate/Jiwani_Climate_Data.txt |archive-date=13 June 2010 |access-date=2010-09-06 |website=pakmet.com.pk}}</ref> Ruwan sama mai tsanani yana faruwa a wannan watan. Mafi yawan ruwan sama na wannan watan ya kasance 142 millimeters (5.6 in) 1989 yayin da matsakaicin ya kasance 21.6 millimeters (0.85 in) kuma mafi girman ruwan sama na awa 24 wannan watan ya zama 71.2 millimeters (2.80 in) wanda ya faru a ranar 6 ga Disamba 1997. == Jerin guguwa da suka shafi Gwadar da bakin tekun Makran == [[Fayil:Phet_TMO_2010155_lrg.jpg|right|thumb|Guguwar Phet a kan hanyarsa ta zuwa Gwadar a cikin 2010]] {{Reflist}} Guguwa da ke faruwa a cikin Tekun Larabawa ba sa sauka a Gwadar tunda birnin yana kan iyakar yammacin Pakistan. Wadannan sune guguwar da ta shafi birnin Gwadar; * A shekara ta 1895, wata guguwa ta guguwa a bakin tekun Makran.<ref name="indianweatherman.blogspot.com">{{Cite web |date=6 June 2010 |title=Cyclone History for Karachi |url=http://indianweatherman.blogspot.com/2010/06/cyclone-history-for-karachi.html |publisher=IndianWeatherman |via=[[BlogSpot]]}}</ref> * A watan Yunin 1948, wata guguwa ta wurare masu zafi ta fadi a bakin tekun Makran.<ref name="indianweatherman.blogspot.com" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=1948 Hurricane/Tropical Data for Northern Indian Ocean |url=http://www.wxp.unisys.com/hurricane/n_indian/1948/index.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717163226/http://www.wxp.unisys.com/hurricane/n_indian/1948/index.html |archive-date=17 July 2011 |access-date=25 December 2010 |website=wxp.unisys.com}}</ref> * A watan Yunin 2007, wani rukuni na 5 Cyclone Gonu (mafi karfi a cikin Tekun Larabawa) ya wuce kusa da birnin a matsayin guguwa mai guguwa tare da ruwan sama da iska mai ƙarfi.<ref name="dawn.com"/><ref>{{Cite web |title=Gwadar News |url=http://www.gwadarnews.com/newsdetail.asp?newsID=1037 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110711135643/http://www.gwadarnews.com/newsdetail.asp?newsID=1037 |archive-date=11 July 2011 |access-date=2010-09-19}}</ref> * A ranar 26 ga watan Yunin shekara ta 2007, guguwar guguwa ta Yemyin ta fadi a bakin tekun Balochistan a matsayin guguwa mai zafi. <ref name="gwadarnews.com">{{Cite web |title=Gwadar News |url=http://www.gwadarnews.com/newsdetail.asp?newsID%3D1042 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110711135626/http://www.gwadarnews.com/newsdetail.asp?newsID=1042 |archive-date=11 July 2011 |access-date=2010-10-09}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=27 June 2007 |title=Pakistan: Storm/Cyclone Yemyin – Information Bulletin n° 3 – Pakistan |url=http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/RWB.NSF/db900SID/SHES-74KT5D?OpenDocument |access-date=30 July 2025 |archive-date=14 July 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070714052403/http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/db900sid/SHES-74KT5D?OpenDocument |url-status=dead }}</ref> * A watan Yunin 2010, category-4 Cyclone Phet (guguwa ta biyu mafi karfi a cikin Tekun Larabawa) ta wuce kusa da Gwadar a matsayin mai karfi category-1 Cyclone. Phet ya buge birnin tare da ruwan sama mai rikodin rikodin da guguwa mai karfi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=DAWN.COM {{!}} Front Page {{!}} Heavy rain batters Gwadar, cyclone eyes Karachi |url=http://www.dawn.com/wps/wcm/connect/dawn-content-library/dawn/the-newspaper/front-page/19-heavy-rain-batters-gwadar,-cyclone-eyes-karachi-660-hh-01 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100608072827/http://www.dawn.com/wps/wcm/connect/dawn-content-library/dawn/the-newspaper/front-page/19-heavy-rain-batters-gwadar%2C-cyclone-eyes-karachi-660-hh-01 |archive-date=2010-06-08}}</ref> == Ruwan sama na shekara-shekara na Gwadar == Waɗannan su ne ruwan sama na shekara-shekara na ƴan shekarun da suka gabata bisa bayanai daga ma'aikatar yanayi ta Pakistan.<ref name="http://www.pakmet.com.pk">{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=http://www.pakmet.com.pk/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100901073841/http://www.pakmet.com.pk/ |archive-date=1 September 2010 |access-date=17 September 2010 |website=[[Pakistan Meteorological Department]]}}</ref> * A shekara ta 2008, an yi rikodin sama da 44 millimeters (1.7 in). <ref name="ReferenceB">{{Cite web |title=Rainfall Data |url=http://www.pakmet.com.pk/FFD/index_files/rainfall_data.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100826034334/http://www.pakmet.com.pk/FFD/index_files/rainfall_data.htm |archive-date=26 August 2010 |access-date=2010-09-25}}</ref> * A shekara ta 2009, an yi rikodin ruwan sama na millimita 150 (5.9 in).<ref name="ReferenceB" /> * A shekara ta 2010, an yi rikodin ruwan sama na 432 millimeters (17.0 in).<ref name="ReferenceB" /> * shekara ta 2011, an yi rikodin ruwan sama na millimeters 13 (0.51 in) har zuwa 7 ga Oktoba 2011. <ref name="ReferenceB" /> == Dubi kuma == * Yanayin yanayi na Pakistan * Yanayin yanayi na Quetta * Ma'aikatar Kula da Yanayi ta Pakistan * Jerin rikodin yanayi mai tsanani a Pakistan * Ruwan ruwa na Balochistan na 2011 ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} {{Coord|25|07|35|N|62|19|21|E}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] dxjtjnojk4ouk36a27d2yzczksduvgz 0 109029 829903 787669 2026-05-05T05:36:25Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829903 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tsarin Yanayi na Turai''' (EUKI) kayan aiki ne na Ma’aikatar Tarayya ta Muhalli, Kare Yanayi, Kare Halittu da Tsaron Nukiliya (BMUKN). Babban manufar EUKI ita ce inganta hadin kai a cikin [[Tarayyar Turai]] (EU) don rage hayakin gas. Shirin Yanayi na Turai yana ba da kuɗin ayyukan ayyukan ayyukan ayyukan yanayi na kan iyaka.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Todorović |first=Igor |date=2021-11-25 |title=EUKI offers funding for climate action projects – here are the conditions |url=https://balkangreenenergynews.com/euki-offers-funding-for-climate-action-projects-here-are-the-conditions/ |access-date=2022-11-04 |website=Balkan Green Energy News |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Partner - The European Climate Initiative (EUKI) |url=https://www.agora-verkehrswende.de/en/about-us/partner/the-european-climate-initiative-euki-1/,%20https://www.agora-verkehrswende.de/en/about-us/partner/the-european-climate-initiative-euki-1/ |access-date=2022-11-04 |website=www.agora-verkehrswende.de }}{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Our Buildings: Accelerating climate action buildings – Strengthening civil society and policy makers in Romania and Bulgaria > BPIE - Buildings Performance Institute Europe |url=https://www.bpie.eu/renovating-our-buildings-in-bulgaria-and-romania/ |access-date=2022-11-04 |website=BPIE - Buildings Performance Institute Europe |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Nabór projektów finansowanych w ramach European Climate Initiative (EUKI) - Ministerstwo Klimatu i Środowiska - Portal Gov.pl |url=https://www.gov.pl/web/klimat/nabor-projektow-finansowanych-w-ramach-european-climate-initiative-euki |access-date=2022-11-04 |website=Ministerstwo Klimatu i Środowiska |language=pl-PL}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Environment ministry launches European Climate Initiative |url=https://www.cleanenergywire.org/news/2020-target-about-political-credibility-state-sec-blockchain-test/environment-ministry-launches-european-climate-initiative |access-date=2022-11-04 |website=Clean Energy Wire |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> na 'yan wasan kwaikwayo na jama'a da na farar hula kamar kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu, cibiyoyin kimiyya da kuma kananan hukumomi. A halin yanzu (kamar Yuni 2022), EUKI tana ingantawa da tallafawa ayyukan 157 a cikin ƙasashe 31 na Turai.<ref>{{Cite web |last=YoungEnergy |title=EUKI Conference 2022 – 157 projects drive forward climate protection in Europe |url=https://young-energy-europe.eu/en/euki-conference-2022-157-projects-drive-forward-climate-protection-in-europe/ |access-date=2022-11-04 |website=Young Energy Europe |language=en-GB}}</ref> Fiye da kungiyoyi 300 masu aiwatarwa da abokan aiwatarwa suna aiki a cikin ayyukan.<ref name="auto1">{{Cite web |title=About EUKI |url=https://www.euki.de/en/more-about-euki/ |access-date=2025-07-30 |archive-date=2025-07-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250708060300/https://www.euki.de/en/more-about-euki/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kudin ya kai Yuro miliyan 79.<ref name="Project Funding">{{Cite web |title=Project Funding |url=https://www.euki.de/en/project-financing/}}</ref> EUKI ta samar da hanyar haɗi tsakanin Ƙungiyar Yanayi ta Kasa da ta Duniya. == Tarihi == A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2016, Gwamnatin Jamus ta yanke shawarar tallafawa shirin Yanayi na Turai kuma ta samar da kudade don kasafin kudin tarayya na shekara ta 2017. A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2017, an kaddamar da kira na farko na EU don ra'ayoyin aikin, tare da shawarwarin aikin 67 da aka karɓa da ayyukan 22 da aka zaba don tallafi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Federal Environment Ministry launches European Climate Initiative - BMUV-Press release |url=https://www.bmuv.de/PM7036-1 |website=bmuv.de}}</ref> A watan Mayu 2017, Sakatariyar EUKI ta kafa ofishinta a Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ). Bayan 'yan watanni, a watan Satumbar 2017, ayyukan farko sun fara aikinsu. A lokacin taron shekara-shekara na EUKI na farko a [[Berlin]] a watan Fabrairun 2018, an sanar da bugawa na kira na biyu don ra'ayoyin aikin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Call for project ideas: Climate action connects Europe - BMUV-Press release |url=https://www.bmuv.de/PM7697-1 |website=bmuv.de}}</ref> Daga tsarin aikin 85, EUKI daga baya ya zaɓi shawarwari 22 don tallafi. An ƙaddamar da gasa ta ra'ayoyi ta uku a watan Maris na shekara ta 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |title=European Climate Initiative (EUKI) Launches 3rd Call for Project Ideas |url=https://www.euki.de/en/news/call-project-ideas/}}</ref> Ƙarin kira don ra'ayoyin aikin ya biyo baya a cikin 2019, 2020 da 2021. Daga gasar ra'ayoyi ta 6, an zaɓi ayyukan 25 don samun kuɗi.<ref name="auto1"/> Kira na 7 na EUKI don ra'ayoyin aikin zai fara a ranar 25 ga Nuwamba 2022. == Manufofin == Babban manufar EUKI ita ce inganta hadin kai a cikin Tarayyar Turai don rage hayakin gas. Aikin yana mai da hankali kan hanyoyi uku don tallafawa masu wasan kwaikwayo na jama'a da na farar hula a cikin aikin yanayi da kuma fara canji mai canzawa a Turai don rage iskar gas. Musamman, EUKI tana bin hanyoyi uku: <ref>{{Cite web |title=About EUKI |url=https://www.euki.de/en/more-about-euki/#toggle-id-3 |access-date=2025-07-30 |archive-date=2025-07-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250708060300/https://www.euki.de/en/more-about-euki/#toggle-id-3 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="auto1"/> * Ci gaba da wayar da kan jama'a da kuma hada ilimi * Gina cibiyoyin sadarwa da raba samfuran nasara * Gina damar da gadoji zuwa tallafin EU == Kudin aikin == Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu don karɓar kuɗi ko kwangila a ƙarƙashin EUKI: Kira na shekara-shekara, na EU don ra'ayoyin aikin yana zaɓar ƙungiyoyi tare da ra'ayoyi masu ma'ana na gaba don aikin yanayi na Turai. Bugu da kari, Ma'aikatar Harkokin Muhalli ta Tarayyar Jamus tana ba da kuɗi ga takamaiman ayyukan da ke bin manufofin manufofin yanayi da aka riga aka tsara.<ref>{{Cite web |title=BMU Funds 25 new Climate Action Projects in Europe |url=https://www.euki.de/en/news/new-euki-projects/}}</ref> Ƙungiyoyin da aka yi niyya na matakan da za a tallafawa su ne gwamnatoci, hukumomi, jama'a, masu amfani da - inda aka ba da izini a ƙarƙashin dokar taimakon gwamnati - masana'antu. A fannin ƙasa akwai mai da hankali kan hadin gwiwa tare da Tsakiya, Gabas, Kudu maso Gabas da Kudancin Turai <ref>{{Cite web |title=Project Funding |url=https://www.euki.de/en/project-financing/}}</ref> === Kira ga Ra'ayoyin Shirin === Sau ɗaya a shekara, EUKI tana buga kira ga ra'ayoyin aikin <ref name="Project Funding2">{{Cite web |title=Project Funding |url=https://www.euki.de/en/project-financing/}}</ref> wanda masu aikatawa da cibiyoyin sadarwa na kan iyaka a cikin EU zasu iya neman kudade. An zaɓi sababbin ra'ayoyin ayyukan yanayi daga kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu, hukumomin gwamnati, kamfanoni masu zaman kansu da cibiyoyin kimiyya da ilimi don samun kuɗi. Ana neman ayyukan da abokan hulɗa daga ƙasashe biyu ko fiye na EU ke aiki tare. EUKI tana tallafawa mafi yawan ayyukanta ta hanyar kiran ra'ayoyin aikin wanda Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) ke aiwatar da shi a madadin BMWK. === Tallafawa === A cikin tsarin takardun shaida kwamitocin BMWK sun zaɓi ayyukan da karatu. Wadannan an yi niyyar ba da gudummawa ga aiwatar da yarjejeniyoyi kai tsaye tare da kasashe masu haɗin gwiwar EU da manufofin manufofin yanayi na gwamnatin Jamus a Turai. Ci gaban ra'ayi don waɗannan ayyukan yana faruwa ne ta hanyar tuntuɓar ƙasashen haɗin gwiwa a cikin tsarin shirye-shiryen biyu. Bugu da kari, ma'aikatar tana ba da kwangila don saka idanu da kimantawa na kimiyya na EUKI da kuma goyon bayan BMWK a cikin tambayoyin manufofin yanayi na EU. == Kwalejin EUKI == Baya ga kudade, EUKI tana tallafawa karfafa hanyoyin, fasaha da ƙwarewar kasuwanci da kuma yada ilimi game da aikin yanayi. Ana ba da abubuwan horo masu dacewa a cikin tsarin Kwalejin EUKI . <ref>{{Cite web |title=EUKI Academy |url=https://www.euki.de/en/euki-academy-en/}}</ref> EUKI kuma tana inganta sadarwar masu aiwatarwa kuma ta haka ne ke ba da gudummawa ga kafa al'umma ta aiki na masana masu himma a cikin aikin yanayi a fadin iyakokin ƙwararru da na ƙasa. EUKI a kai a kai tana ba da webinars <ref>{{Cite web |title=EUKI Events |url=https://www.euki.de/en/euki-events/#event-current}}</ref> a kan batutuwan da suka shafi yanayi kamar manufofin yanayi ko canjin tsari a yankunan kwal. Bugu da kari, akwai ƙarin darussan horo a kan batutuwan da suka shafi hanya kamar gudanar da aikin ko alaƙar jama'a. EUKI kuma tana buga sakamakon da nazarin ayyukan da aka ba da kuɗi. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] sq2mc3rvfq19i6gvnq1ykliry75q3fr 0 109136 829918 681787 2026-05-05T06:26:56Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829918 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   '''Shuka don Pakistan''' (Plant4Pakistan), wanda aka fi sani da Tsunami na Itace Miliyan 10, wani aiki ne na shekaru biyar don dasa bishiyoyi biliyan 10 a fadin Pakistan daga 2018 zuwa 2023. Firayim Minista [[Imran Khan]] ya fara tafiyar a ranar 2 ga Satumba 2018 tare da kimanin itatuwa miliyan 1.5 da aka dasa a rana ta farko. Yaƙin neman zaɓe ya dogara ne akan nasarar nasarar da aka samu a yakin neman zaɓe na Billion Tree na tsohuwar gwamnatin Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf, wanda Imran Khan ya jagoranta, a lardin Khyber Pakhtunkhwa a shekarar 2014. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Pakistan has planted over a billion trees |url=https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2018/07/pakistan-s-billion-tree-tsunami-is-astonishing/ |access-date=2018-09-15 |website=World Economic Forum}}</ref> Wannan shirin daban-daban sau da yawa ana rikita shi da shirin Firayim Minista Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif wanda ya kaddamar da kamfen na kasa na Green Pakistan kuma ya ba da kudaden kasafin kuɗi daga PSDP. A cikin 2020, shirin ya ninka yawan ma'aikatansa sau uku zuwa 63,600 bayan an dakatar da shi na ɗan lokaci bayan annobar COVID-19 a Pakistan, da nufin shigar da waɗanda suka bar marasa aikin yi saboda sakamakon tattalin arzikinta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 April 2020 |title=Pakistan Hires Thousands of Newly-Unemployed Laborers for Ambitious 10 Billion Tree-Planting Initiative |url=https://www.goodnewsnetwork.org/pakistan-hires-laborers-for-planting-10-billion-tree/ |access-date=2 May 2020 |website=Good News Network |language=en |agency=thegoodnewsnetwork}}</ref> Yawancin aikin, wanda ya biya tsakanin 500 da 800 rupees (US $ 3-5) a rana, ya faru ne a yankunan karkara, tare da mutane da ke kafa wuraren kula da yara, dasa shuke-shuke, da kuma aiki a matsayin masu tsaron gandun daji. An ba da kyautar rupees biliyan 7.5 ($ 46m) a cikin kudade.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Pakistan's virus-idled workers hired to plant trees |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/04/pakistan-virus-idled-workers-hired-plant-trees-200429070109237.html |access-date=30 April 2020 |website=www.aljazeera.com |language=en |publication-date=}}.</ref> Saplings da aka dasa a lokacin shirin sun hada da mulberry, acacia, moringa da sauran nau'ikan asali. == Tarihi == Tsunami na Billion Tree wani babban shiri ne na gandun daji wanda gwamnatin Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ta kaddamar a Pakistan a shekarar 2014. Shirin ya yi niyyar dasa bishiyoyi biliyan daya a kan hekta 35,000 na gandun daji da kuma ƙasa mara kyau. Nasararta nan da nan ta sami karbuwa ta duniya, tare da kungiyoyi kamar Bonn Challenge, Bankin Duniya, da IUCN suna yabon tasirin muhalli. Da aka yi wahayi zuwa gare shi ta hanyar aikin asali, Firayim Minista Imran Khan ya fara irin wannan, babban ƙoƙari, Tsunami na Itace biliyan 10, a cikin 2018. Wannan shirin ya nemi sake gina gandun daji na hekta miliyan daya a duk fadin Pakistan. Aikin ya sami babban kulawa a duniya kuma ya yi wahayi zuwa ga irin wannan ƙoƙari a wasu ƙasashe. Duk da yake ci gaba ya kasance mai yawa, tare da itatuwa sama da biliyan daya da aka dasa a cikin shekarun farko, burin da ya fi girma na dasa wasu biliyan tara a cikin sauran lokacin ya gabatar da babbar kalubale. Koyaya, idan aka ba da tallafin duniya da ƙarfin cikin gida a bayan aikin, ana sa ran za a kammala Tsunami na Itacen Biliyan 10. == Rashin dumamar yanayi a Pakistan == Duk da yake [[tattalin arziki]] Pakistan na 135 ne dangane da hayakin iskar gas, yana daga cikin kasashe goma a duniya da za a shafar ta hanyar [[Canjin yanayi|dumamar yanayi]] bisa ga rahoton shekara-shekara na Global Climate Risk Index na German Watch, wanda ya sanya Pakistan a matsayin na takwas a cikin kasashe da ke cikin haɗarin canjin yanayi. Ya zuwa Nuwamba 2021, Lahore ita ce ta farko a duniya dangane da gurɓataccen iska.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lahore Air Quality Index (AQI) and Pakistan Air Pollution &#124; AirVisual |url=https://www.iqair.com/pakistan/punjab/lahore }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Pakistan: 'Find a solution,' say Lahore residents choking in smog |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/11/17/pakistan-lahore-smog-air-pollution-aqi-health |website=www.aljazeera.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2 November 2021 |title=Hazy Lahore declared most polluted city in the world |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1655402}}</ref> Manyan birane sun fuskanci manyan raƙuman zafi da matakan gurɓataccen yanayi a karni na 21, gami da [[Karachi]] da [[Islamabad]]. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kamal |first=Shahid |date=2018-04-02 |title=Quality of air in Islamabad declining |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1399014 |access-date=2022-08-02 |website=[[Dawn (newspaper)|Dawn]] |language=en}}</ref> Pakistan tana da tsarin halittu iri-iri a cikin iyakokinta, gami da Tekun Larabawa, hamada da yawa da manyan koguna, da kuma fiye da dubban kankara. Pakistan kuma tana cikin haɗuwa da manyan tsaunuka uku; Hindu Kush, [[Himalaya|Himalayas]] da Karakoram. Yankunan kamar Lardin Sindh suna cikin haɗarin ambaliyar ruwa saboda narkewar kankara da fashewar tabkuna, yayin da suke cikin haɗarin fari saboda lokacin bushewa mai zafi. Barazanar irin su guguwa suma suna haifar da karuwar barazana ga jama'a.<ref name=":0" /> == Tsarin 'Yankuna Masu Tsaro' == Baya ga dasa bishiyoyi, Gwamnatin Pakistan ta kuma dauki wasu matakan kare muhalli, gami da kara yawan wuraren da aka kiyaye; tun daga watan Disamba na 2022, a halin yanzu akwai wuraren kiyaye namun daji 398 a Pakistan. Daga cikin wadannan, 31 suna da matsayin wurin shakatawa na kasa. Jimlar yankin da aka kare ya wakilci kashi 13% na ƙasar Pakistan tun daga shekarar 2020, tare da gwamnatin Pakistan ta sanar da shirye-shiryen kara wannan adadin zuwa kashi 15% nan da shekarar 2023. An shirya Kwalejin Gidan shakatawa ta Kasa don wuraren shakatawa na [[Ziarat]] da [[Balochistan]], inda za a ba matasa aiki bayan horo na musamman, tare da shirye-shiryen ba da akalla matasa 5,000 aiki. == Sauran Ayyuka na Green == === Green Energy === Gwamnati nan da nan ta watsar da ayyukan kone kwal na 2600 MW kuma ta [[mai]] da hankali kan sabbin ayyukan samar da wutar lantarki na 3700 MW a maimakon haka. Ya kamata a ba da irin waɗannan ayyukan wutar lantarki a cikin ƙasar yanzu. Babu man fetur ko kwal da ke ƙonewa a cikinsu. "An yi ƙoƙari don samar da wutar lantarki ta amfani da hasken rana, ruwa da makamashi na iska. A halin yanzu, fiye da kashi ɗaya bisa uku na wutar lantarki ta Pakistan sun fito ne daga ayyukan da ba a ƙone man fetur ko kwal ba. Ana yin ƙoƙari don samarwa da kashi biyu bisa uku na lantarki a cikin shekaru goma ba tare da ƙone man ko kwal ba". === Motocin lantarki ===   Wani aikin kare muhalli na gwamnati shine inganta motocin lantarki. Shan sigari daga motoci shine babban dalilin [[Gurbatar yanayi|gurɓata birane]]. Don magance wannan, gwamnati ta sanar da sabon manufa don inganta amfani da motocin lantarki. A karkashin wannan manufofin, an sanya haraji da haraji a kan motocin lantarki. Ana samun ci gaba mai mahimmanci a wannan bangaren. Kamfanin mota na Jamus [[BMW]] ya kafa tashar caji a Kasuwar Kohsar a Islamabad. PSO kuma za ta gina wani tashar caji a Jinnah Supermarket. A Karachi, an tsara tashoshin caji guda uku tare da haɗin gwiwa tare da [[Shell]] da Karachi Electric, wanda za a shigar da shi a yankunan Tsaro, Gulshan da Gadap. A halin yanzu, akalla kamfanoni rabin goma sha biyu a cikin ƙasar suna shigar da masana'antun taro don motocin lantarki, wanda zai rage farashin waɗannan motocin har ma fiye da motocin da ke amfani da man fetur na yanzu. Gwamnati ta yi fatan cewa a ƙarshen wannan shekaru goma, rabon motocin e-moto zai kai kashi 30% da 90% nan da 2030 da 2040 bi da bi. An ƙaddamar da keken e-bike na farko da aka samar a cikin gida tare da wasu samfuran 6 a ranar 8 ga Yulin 2021. === Gudanar da diflomasiyya === Tsunami na Billion Tree ba wai kawai yana da tasiri ga muhalli ba amma kuma ya zama kayan aiki mai ƙarfi don diflomasiyya. Nasarar shirin ta haifar da karbuwa da hadin kai na kasa da kasa. Misali, Saudi Arabia, bayan kaddamar da aikinta na Billion Tree, ta gayyaci Firayim Minista Imran Khan don ziyartar da ƙarfafa dangantakar kasashen biyu. Bugu da ƙari, Amurka, ta amince da jagorancin muhalli na Pakistan, ta gayyaci kasar ta shiga taron koli na yanayi. Tasirin bala'in Tsunami Biliyan na duniya yana da yawa, tare da sauran ƙasashe kamar [[Birtaniya|Burtaniya]] da [[New Zealand]] sun fara irin wannan ayyukan. . Wannan yunƙurin ya ƙarfafa martabar Pakistan a matsayin mai taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kiyaye muhalli. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 7k9185ps0k7rjygq5wyo1jpg3hjzaiy 0 109869 829634 687095 2026-05-04T18:22:52Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829634 wikitext text/x-wiki (Arabic) ita ce babban birni kuma birni mafi girma a kudancin Oman na Dhofar . Tana da yawan jama'a kusa da 331,949.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Oman: Administrative Division (Governorates and Districts) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/oman/admin/ |access-date=2023-11-03 |website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref> Salalah ita ce birni na uku mafi girma a cikin "Sultanate of Oman">Sultanate na Oman, kuma birni mafi girma a lardin Dhofar . Salalah ita ce wurin haihuwar tsohon Sultan Qaboos bin Said na Oman .<ref>{{Cite web |title=Omani Sultan Returns Home |url=https://www.brookings.edu/articles/omani-sultan-returns-home/#:~:text=Qaboos%20was%20born%20on%20November,expelling%20the%20Portuguese%20from%20Muscat. |access-date=2025-01-04 |website=Brookings |language=en-US}}</ref> Salalah yana jan hankalin masu yawon bude ido da yawa daga wasu sassan Oman da kuma kasashen waje a lokacin monsoon / ''khareef'', daga Yuni zuwa Satumba. [[Climate|yanayi]] yankin da ruwan sama sun ba da damar birni ya shuka wasu kayan lambu da 'ya'yan itatuwa kamar kwakwa da ayaba. Akwai lambuna da yawa a cikin birni inda waɗannan kayan lambu da 'ya'yan itatuwa ke girma. == Tarihi == Salalah a halin yanzu ita ce kuma ita ce babban birnin gargajiya na Dhofar, wanda ya kai ga mafi girman wadata a karni na 13 godiya ga kasuwancin turare. Daga baya ya lalace, kuma a cikin karni na 19 Sultanate na Muscat da Oman sun mamaye shi. Tsakanin 1932 da 1970, Salalah ita ce gidan Sultan Said bin Taimur . Ɗansa, Qaboos, wanda ya hau gadon sarautar mahaifinsa a shekarar 1970, ya yanke shawarar ƙaura da babban birnin zuwa Muscat, birni mafi girma a Oman, inda ya zauna har sai ya tafi cikin nutsuwa don magani a Jamus. Rashin Sultan Qaboos ya yi nadama sosai a Salalah, inda aka ajiye fadarsa a shirye don karbar shi. Ziyararsa ta ƙarshe ta kasance a cikin 2006 don saduwa da manyan kabilanci da shugabannin gida, kuma a cikin 2010 don bikin cika shekaru 40 da ya hau mulki tare da babban fareti da aka kalli sa'o'i da yawa daga kimanin masu kallo 100,000. Duk da cewa gwamnatin Sultan mai kirki da ke gudanar da Oman ba tare da haraji na kasa ba, godiya ga albarkatun ma'adanai masu yawa, kuma tare da duk aikin da ma'aikatan Asiya suka yi, Salalah ya ga zanga-zangar zaman lafiya na 'yan watanni a cikin 2011 a cikin Tasirin domino na Arab Spring. Wasu masu zanga-zangar Oman sun bukaci a kori ministocin yanzu, samun damar aiki mafi kyau, karuwar albashi, mafita ga karuwar farashin rayuwa, ko kafa bankunan Islama. == Yawan jama'a == [[Fayil:Dishdasha.jpg|left|thumb|Maza a bakin tekun al-Mughsayl]] Birnin, kamar sauran jihohin Larabawa na [[Yankin Larabawa]], yana da babbar al'umma mai ba da izini, galibi daga [[Indiya]], [[Pakistan]], [[Bangladesh]], da [[Filipin|Philippines]]. Mafi yawan al'ummar Omani (98.9%) a Salalah musulmi ne. Sabanin 'yan Omani da ke gabashin gabar tekun Oman a Muscat da kewaye, wadanda akasarinsu 'yan kabilar Ibadi ne, mafi yawan musulmin da ke cikin Salalah suna bin darikar Sunna ta Musulunci. [mafi kyawun tushe ana buƙatu] Hakanan akwai ɗimbin al'ummar Hindu, Kiristoci, Buddha, da Sikhs a cikin al'ummar ƙaura. === Harshe === [[Larabci]] shine harshen hukuma. Harshen da ba na hukuma ba, wanda ba a rubuta shi ba wanda aka sani da Shehri shine yare na biyu da aka fi magana da shi kuma harshen mahaifiyar mutane da yawa a Salalah da yankunan da ke kewaye da shi, tare da kimanin masu magana 25,000 tun daga 1993. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 February 1999 |title=Shehri |url=http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=shv |access-date=22 November 2013 |publisher=Ethnologue}}</ref> [[Turanci]] shine harshen waje na hukuma kuma harshen da aka fi magana da shi na baƙi. [[Malayalam]] wani sanannen yare ne kuma tare da Tamil, [[Talgu|Telugu]], tare da [[Urdu]], [[Harshen Hindu|Hindi]], [[Yaren Sifen|Mutanen Espanya na Turai]], Katalan, Romanian da [[Harshen Somaliya|Somaliya]] suna da yawa a tsakanin baƙi. == Tattalin Arziki == [[Fayil:Salalah_road_side.jpg|right|thumb|250x250px|Gidajen 'ya'yan itace suna sayar da' ya'yan itacen gida da [[Attagara|kwakwa mai laushi]]]] APM Terminals, wani ɓangare na A. P. Moller-Maersk Group na Denmark, yana kula da Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Salalah; ɗaya daga cikin manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa a [[Yankin Larabawa]] wanda shine muhimmin cibiyar jigilar kaya don jigilar kwantena a yankin. Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Salalah kuma tana ɗaya daga cikin tashar jiragen ruwa mafi muhimmanci a tsibirin da ke haɗa [[Afirka]], [[Gabas ta Tsakiya]], da [[Asiya]]. Amma tashar jiragen ruwa tana waje da birnin, zuwa kudu. Har ila yau, ita ce mafi girman ma'aikaci mai zaman kansa a yankin Dhofar. Yankin Salalah Free Zone, wanda ke kusa da tashar jiragen ruwa, yana fitowa a matsayin sabon cibiyar masana'antu masu nauyi a Gabas ta Tsakiya. === Yawon shakatawa === [[Fayil:Wadi_Darbat.jpg|thumb|Wadi Darbat]] Salalah tana da tattalin arzikin yawon bude ido na kasa da kasa tare da masu yawon bude bude ido da yawa na [[Gabas ta Tsakiya]] a lokacin Khareef daga Yuni zuwa Satumba. A wannan lokacin duwatsu sun zama kore, kuma akwai magudanan ruwa da yawa don ziyarta, kamar a [[Wadi Darbat]], Ain Athum, Ain Tubrook, da Ain Khor . <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 November 2018 |title=Top 10 Places to Visit in Salalah |url=https://www.travelwithhussain.com/top-10-places-to-visit-in-salalah/ }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Akwai kaburbura huɗu da aka sani na annabawa na Islama: Nabi Imran, mai yiwuwa mahaifin Budurwa Maryamu amma mai yiwuwa annabi ne na gida; Nabi Ayoob, Ayuba na Littafi Mai-Tsarki; Nabi Houd; da Nabi Salih . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Salalah Places to Visit |url=https://www.beautifulsalalah.com/salalah-places-to-visit/}}</ref> Birnin ya karbi masu yawon bude ido sama da 600,000 a lokacin kakar khareef a shekarar 2017.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Oman tourism: Khareef Salalah visitor numbers cross 600,000 mark |url=http://timesofoman.com/article/116710/Oman/Tourism/Oman-tourism-More-than-600000-visit-Khareef-Salalah-Festival-in-Dhofar |access-date=21 December 2017}}</ref> Daga cikin abubuwan jan hankali na al'adu na Gwamnatin Dhofar shine bikin Salalah, wanda ya haɗa da tafiye-tafiye na yau da kullun, Ayyuka iyali, kide-kide, abubuwan al'adu da masu siyarwa. Ɗaya daga cikin kaburbura na Joachim ko [[Al-Imran|Al Imran]] da aka yi imani da shi yana cikin Salalah; wanda ake da'awar shine "kabari mafi tsawo a duniya" (mita 12). [[Fayil:Salalah_during_khareef.jpg|right|thumb|Salalah a lokacin Khareef Season (Yuni zuwa Satumba) ]] Garin yana da yanayin hamada mai zafi (Köppen yanayin yanayin BWh), kodayake lokacin rani ya fi sanyaya fiye da sauran sassan arewaci ko na cikin Oman.  Salalah tana da hazo sosai a cikin watannin Yuli da Agusta, duk da cewa ana samun ruwan sama kadan.  Khareef, خريف yana nufin "kaka" a Larabci, amma yana nufin damina yayin da yake bayanin yankin da ke kusa da Salalah.  A wannan lokacin, shimfidar wuri mai launin ruwan kasa na Salalah da kewayenta gaba daya ta rikide zuwa kyawawa da kyan gani koraye.  Wannan yana ba da kyawawan wurare don hotuna. Guguwar Mekunu, wacce ta samo asali a kan Tekun Larabawa, ta zama guguwa mai tsanani kafin ta bugi birnin Salalah a ranar 25 ga Mayu 2018. 200 km / h shine saurin iska da aka rubuta, kuma garin Salalah ya cika da sama da {{Convert|617|mm|in}} in) na ruwan sama, wanda kusan kusan shekaru 5 ne na matsakaicin ruwan sama na Oman.<ref name="Weather Salalah">{{Cite web |date=15 April 2023 |title=Weather Salalah |url=https://gosalalahtour.com/weather-salalah |access-date=16 May 2023 |website=Go Salalah Tour}}</ref>&nbsp;{{Weather box}} == Wasanni == [[Fayil:Oman_vs_KSA_Al_Saada_Stadium_August142009_Salalah4life.jpg|alt=Al-Saada Stadium|thumb|Filin wasa na Al-Saada]] An san Salalah a matsayin gidan wasu kungiyoyin kwallon kafa mafi kyau a Oman. Gabaɗaya, Salalah tana da kungiyoyi huɗu na wasanni da ke cikin birni: Salalah Club, Al-Ittihad, Al-Nasr, da Dhofar (kungiyar da ta fi cin nasara a cikin League tare da kyaututtuka 11). Dhofar FC an ba ta lakabi da "''Al-Zaeem''", ko "The Leader (s) ", saboda babbar nasarar da suka samu a duka Ƙungiyar Oman, da kuma Sultan Qaboos Cup. Dhofar kuma suna da isasshen kyaututtuka a wasanni kamar volleyball, da handball. Al-Nasr kuma an san su da babban nasarar da suka samu a [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]], inda suka lashe gasar Omani League sau biyar, da kuma Kofin Sultan Qaboos sau 4. Al-Nasr, kamar Dhofar, sun kuma yi nasara a wasu wasanni kamar hockey, [[Kwallon kwando|Kwando]], volleyball, da kwallon hannu. Salalah a halin yanzu yana da filayen wasa guda biyu, Salalah Sports Complex (wanda aka fi sani da "Youth Sports Complex"), wanda shine kawai filin wasa mai ma'ana a Salalah. Sabon, Filin wasa na Al-Saadah shine sabon filin wasa da aka gina a gundumar Al-Saada ta Salalah wanda aka sadaukar da shi ga kwallon kafa. An haɗa shi a cikin ganuwar filin wasanni ban da filin wasan ƙwallon ƙafa shine filin wasan hockey, Filin wasan tennis, wurin yin iyo na Olympics, da filin wasan volleyball / kwando na cikin gida. Filin wasa na Al-Saada shine wurin da Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Saudiyya, da kungiyar kwallon kwando ta Oman suka fara haduwa a Salalah a ranar 12 ga watan Agusta, 2009. Wasan da ya fi shahara a tsakanin matasa shine kwallon kafa. Yana da kyau a ga ƙungiyar yara maza da samari daga kewayen yankin suna wasa a filayen da ba a san su ba a wuraren ajiye motoci, ko a cikin babban yanki. Kwallon ƙafa na rairayin bakin teku kuma abu ne na yau da kullun don gani a bakin rairayin kan teku a gundumar Al-Haffa. Wani shahararren wasanni a Salalah shine volleyball . Kodayake ba sananne ba ne kamar kwallon kafa ana buga wasan akai-akai, na musamman a rairayin bakin teku na Salalah. A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2026, Salalah za ta dauki bakuncin kammalawar Rally na [[Budapest]]-Baghdad-Salalah, wani taron jimiri na duniya wanda ya kai kilomita 10,000. Hanyar ta fara ne a Budapest kuma ta ratsa kasashe da yawa a duk faɗin Turai da Gabas ta Tsakiya - gami da [[Iraƙi|Iraki]] da [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudi Arabia]] - kafin ta kai ga inda za ta je a kudancin Oman. Wannan taron wani abu ne na musamman na tafiye-tafiye na kasada da wasan motsa jiki, inda mahalarta ke gasa ko yawon shakatawa a cikin nau'ikan motoci daban-daban kamar babura, motoci, quads, da gefe-gefe. An tsara shi cikin ruhun taimako mai sauƙi, taron ya haɗu da ƙalubalen kewayawa tare da hulɗar al'adu, da nufin nuna kyawawan dabi'u da karimci na yankuna tare da hanya. Salalah, a matsayin ƙarshen, yana taka rawa ta alama da kuma bikin, yana nuna muhimmancin ƙasa da al'adu. == Ilimi == [[Fayil:Salalah,_museo_della_terra_degli_incensi,_interno,_mappa_orografica_dell'oman.jpg|left|thumb|Gidan kayan gargajiya na ƙasar Frankincense]] A halin yanzu Salalah tana da kwalejoji biyu, Kwalejin Fasaha ta Salalah da Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Salalah, dukansu biyu mallakar gwamnati ne kuma suna tallafawa. Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Salalah ta ƙunshi Sashen Ingilishi. Manufarta ita ce ta ba wa ɗalibai kyakkyawar fahimta game da harshen Ingilishi don su ci gaba da kammala karatu a cikin mahimman fannoni kamar IT da Sadarwa da Zane. Har ila yau, Salalah gida ce ga jami'a mai zaman kanta, Jami'ar Dhoofar wacce ita ce mafi girma a yankin. Tana da manyan hannun jari mallakar Mustahil Al-Mashani, kawun Sultan Qaboos bin Said. Kwanan nan jami'ar ta gina sabon harabar da ya kai miliyan 25 KO.[1] An kafa makarantar British School Salalah a cikin 1970. Makarantar tana bin tsarin karatun ƙasa na Ingila da Wales, kuma tana ba da karatu ga yara tun daga liyafar zuwa shekara ta 10 (Shekarar 11 daga Agusta 2021). Hakanan yana cikin Dahariz kusa da Makarantar Indiya da Makarantar Pakistan. Makarantar Indiya ta Salalah, wacce aka kafa a 1981, cibiyar Indiya ce, mai ba da kuɗi, mai haɗin kai, da farko an kafa ta ne don biyan bukatun ilimi na yara na Indiya da ke aiki a Salalah. == Sufuri == Filin jirgin saman Salalah yafi kula da jiragen cikin gida daga [[Muskat|Muscat]] da wasu jiragen kasa da kasa daga [[Indiya]] da ƙasashen Larabawa na yanki kamar [[Qatar]], UAE, da [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudi Arabia]]. Oman Air, kamfanin jirgin sama na kasa yana gudanar da jirage biyar a kowace rana daga Salalah zuwa Muscat, babban birnin da kuma jirage biyu zuwa [[Dubai (birni)|Dubai]] kowane mako. Oman Air ta gabatar da Oman Air Pass don matafiya na yau da kullun tsakanin Salalah da Muscat.<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 November 2016 |title=Oman Air Introduces The New Oman Air Pass |url=https://www.omanair.com/en/about-us/press-releases/oman-air-introduces-new-oman-air-pass |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170719010159/http://www.omanair.com/en/about-us/press-releases/oman-air-introduces-new-oman-air-pass |archive-date=19 July 2017 |access-date=28 July 2017 |publisher=[[Oman Air]]}}</ref> Qatar Airways tana da jiragen sama na yau da kullun daga Salalah zuwa Doha wanda ke haɗi zuwa wurare sama da 130 a duk duniya. Ana samun haɗi mai sauƙi ga wuraren da ke Turai, Amurka, Afirka, Asiya da Ostiraliya. Har ila yau, akwai jirgin sama kai tsaye na mako-mako daga da zuwa [[Kochi]], Kozhikode (Calicut) ga 'yan gudun hijirar Malayalee. A lokacin Khareef Season (Monsoons) akwai jirage na mako-mako zuwa wasu wurare na kasa da kasa ciki har da [[Sweden]] da [[Turkiyya]]. Hakanan akwai jiragen sama zuwa kusan dukkanin ƙasashe. Sabon filin jirgin sama na kasa da kasa ya buɗe a ranar 15 ga Yuni 2015 <ref>{{Cite web |last=Hussain |date=2019-05-20 |title=Know All About New Salalah Airport Oman {{!}} Restaurants, Lounges, Duty Free |url=https://www.travelwithhussain.com/new-salalah-airport-oman/ |access-date=2019-06-02 |website=Travel with Hussain |language=en-US}}</ref> kuma tsohuwar filin jirgin sama tun daga wannan lokacin an canza ta zuwa filin jirgin sama da na gaggawa. === Bus === Akwai sabis na bas na yau da kullun daga Deira, [[Dubai (birni)|Dubai]], UAE zuwa Salalah da karfe 3 na yamma.<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 October 2018 |title=Gulf Transport Company Bus between UAE & Oman |url=https://www.travelwithhussain.com/gulf-transport-company-oman/ |access-date=18 December 2018 |website=Travel with Hussain}}</ref> Akwai sabis na bas na yau da kullun tsakanin [[Muskat|Muscat]] da Salalah daga masu ba da sabis na bas da yawa. Salalah ba ta da tsarin sufuri na jama'a a cikin iyakokin birni har zuwa 2018, amma a cikin 2019 Sultan Qaboos ya ba da sanarwar sabis na bas a cikin birni daga filin jirgin saman Salalah zuwa tsakiyar birni da tsakiyar birni zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa ta Salalah. Kamfanin Sufuri na Kasa na Oman (Mwasalat) ya fara sabis na bas na yau da kullun a Salalah daga Disamba 2018. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-12-26 |title=Salalah Public Bus Service - Mwasalat |url=https://www.travelwithhussain.com/salalah-public-bus-service-mwasalat/ |access-date=2019-06-02 |website=Travel with Hussain |language=en-US}}</ref> Ana amfani da bas din iska mai tsawo a kowace rana daga Salalah zuwa Haima, Muscat, Nizwa, Al-Buraimi, [[Dubai (birni)|Dubai]], [[Al Ain|Al-Ain]], Al-Ghaydah, Mukalla, da [[Seiyun]], da kuma wuraren PDO kamar Marmul. Sauran hanyoyin sufurin jama'a da suka shahara a Salalah sune tasi.  Gabaɗaya farashin farashi ya bambanta daga rabin Rial zuwa Rial 2 ya danganta da nisa zuwa wurin da aka nufa.  Tasi masu launin lemu da fari kuma suna ba da jigilar jigilar jama'a ta nau'ikan hayar mutum ɗaya da sabis na hanyar hanya iri ɗaya kamar motocin Bus ɗin Baisa, waɗanda ba su da shahara a cikin birni. Minibuses, orange-coded da fari, ba a auna su ba kamar taksi, bayan da aka ki amincewa da shirye-shiryen gwamnati da yawa don gabatar da mita. Ana saita farashi ta hanyar tattaunawa, kodayake direbobi galibi suna bin wasu ka'idojin da ba a rubuta su ba don farashi a cikin birni. Ya kamata mutum ya gano kuɗin da aka yarda da shi don tafiyar mutum daga otal ko mai masaukin baki kafin ya nemi taksi. === Jirgin ruwa === Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Salalah daya ce daga cikin mashigar ruwa mai zurfi a kasar Oman sannan kuma ta goma sha daya mafi hada-hadar jigilar kayayyaki a duniya, tasha ta biyu mafi hada-hadar kasuwanci a Gabas ta Tsakiya, wacce ke Port Raysut (Salalah).  Yana iya ɗaukar manyan tasoshin har zuwa daftarin mita 18.  Ita ce babbar tashar jigilar kayayyaki ta yankin.  Kamfanin Salalah Port Services Company (S.A.O.G.) ne ke tafiyar da wannan tashar jiragen ruwa.  Har ila yau tashar jiragen ruwa tana maraba da jiragen ruwa da jiragen ruwa na alfarma. == Gundumomin birni da kewayen == * Al-Dahariz * Al-Haffa * Al-Qouf * Al-Mughsail * Al-Mutaaza * Al-Saada * Al-Wadi * Auqad * Cibiyar Birni * Salalah na Gabas * Ittin * Sabon Salalah (Salalah Al-Jadidah) * Yammacin Salalah (wanda aka fi sani da ''Al-Gharbia'', da ''Al-Qantra'') == Gidan wasan kwaikwayo == <gallery> Fayil:Salalah.jpg|Satellite view of Salalah Fayil:Al_hafa_corniche.jpg|Al Hafa Corniche, near Salalah Fayil:Frankinsence-oman-dhofar.JPG|Frankincense sold in Salalah </gallery> [[Rukuni:Webarchive template wayback links]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] bx7nsb74r260wigdr6a9x8jyccaxijr 0 110398 829644 688868 2026-05-04T19:15:18Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829644 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Salmon Cove Sands''' wurin shakatawa ne na lardin Newfoundland da Labrador na Kanada. <ref name="Alltrails">{{Cite web |title=Best trails in Salmon Cove Sands Provincial Park, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada |url=https://www.alltrails.com/parks/canada/newfoundland-and-labrador/salmon-cove-sands-provincial-park |publisher=AllTrails, LLC}}</ref> Tana kan Conception Bay a kudu maso gabas na tsibirin Newfoundland inda kogin Salmon Cove ya shiga Salmon Cove. Mafi yawan wurin shakatawar bakin teku ne mai fadi da yashi launin toka zuwa baki . An kewaye shi a wani bangare da manyan duwatsu. <ref name="NL-Tourism">{{Cite web |title=Salmon Cove Sands |url=https://www.newfoundlandlabrador.com/plan-and-book/attractions/212827 |publisher=Newfoundland and Labrador Tourism }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Gidan shakatawa yana cikin gundumar Salmon Cove . Ana amfani da kuɗin amfani. <ref name="NL-Tourism" /> Abubuwan more rayuwa a wurin shakatawa sun haɗa da wurin ajiye motoci, kantin abinci (gidan abinci), da teburin biki. Babu sansanoni.<ref name="NL-Tourism"/> Akwai titin jirgin ruwa mai tsawon mita 487 tare da wani ɓangare na kogi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Salmon Cove |url=https://www.salmoncove.ca/ |publisher=Town of Salmon Cove}}</ref> Ana samun yin iyo a cikin Kogin Salmon Cove ko kogin kanta; duk da haka, an haramta amfani da na'urorin flotation a cikin teku saboda karfi mai karfi. Kogin Salmon Cove wanda ke ɗaukar yashi zuwa rairayin bakin teku, ya samo asali ne daga sama da Beaver Pond, yana gudana ta hanyar Forest Pond da Salmon Cove Pond, sannan ta hanyar Harry's Pond zuwa kogin.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Water Resources Management Division, Newfoundland Department of Environment and Labour |title=Salmon Cove River – Salmon Cove: Flood Information Map |url=https://www.gov.nl.ca/ecc/files/waterres-flooding-salmon-cove-pi-map.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210622204058/https://www.gov.nl.ca/ecc/files/waterres-flooding-salmon-cove-pi-map.pdf |archive-date=22 June 2021 |publisher=Department of Environment, Climate Change and Municipalities}}</ref> A cikin 2021 an rufe wurin shakatawa don yin iyo saboda mutuwar kifi a cikin Kogin Salmon Cove da tafkunan da ke da alaƙa, mai yiwuwa ya haifar da yaduwar algae mai launin shudi. An rufe wurin shakatawa a cikin 2000 saboda irin wannan dalili. == Manazarta == 3cska0gcwhrwy9kfsftsrd33tem25je 0 112578 829806 798256 2026-05-05T03:56:16Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829806 wikitext text/x-wiki   [[Fayil:Drinking_Age_-_Global.svg|alt=|thumb|'''Mafi ƙarancin shekarun doka don siyan barasa ta ƙasa:'''<br />              ]] '''Shekarar shan giya ta doka''' ita ce mafi ƙarancin shekarun da mutum zai iya shan giya [[Doka|bisa doka]]. Za'a iya amfani da mafi ƙarancin shekaru na barasa bisa doka na iya bambanta da shekarun da za'a iya saya a wasu ƙasashe. Waɗannan dokoki sun bambanta tsakanin ƙasashe kuma dokoki da yawa suna da keɓancewa ko yanayi na musamman. Yawancin dokoki suna aiki ne kawai ga shan barasa a wuraren jama'a tare da shan barasa a cikin gida galibi ba a tsara su ba (ɗaya daga cikin banbanci shine Ingila da Wales, waɗanda ke da mafi ƙarancin shekaru biyar don kulawa da amfani a wurare masu zaman kansu). Wasu ƙasashe kuma suna da iyakokin shekaru daban-daban don nau'ikan abin sha daban-daban.<ref name="IARD"/>   Yawancin ƙasashe suna da mafi ƙarancin shekarun shan giya na doka na 18.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Misachi |first=John |date=21 December 2020 |title=Drinking Ages Around The World |url=https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/drinking-ages-around-the-world.html |access-date=7 July 2021 |website=Worldatlas.com}}</ref> Dalilin da aka fi sani da doka a bayan shekarun shan giya na doka shine tasirin kwakwalwa a cikin matasa. Tun da yake kwakwalwa har yanzu tana [[balaga]], barasa na iya samun mummunar tasiri a kan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da tunani na dogon lokaci. Tare da kuma wannan, yana iya haifar da gazawar hanta, kuma ya haifar da Rashin daidaituwa na hormone a cikin matasa saboda sauye-sauye na yau da kullun da kuma balaga na hormones a lokacin balaga.<ref>{{Cite web |date=January 2006 |title=Underage Drinking |url=https://pubs.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/AA67/AA67.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060502053021/http://pubs.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/AA67/AA67.htm |archive-date=2 May 2006 |access-date=13 May 2018 |publisher=National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism}}</ref> Wasu ƙasashe suna da mafi ƙarancin shekarun shan giya na doka na 19 don hana kwararar abin sha a makarantun sakandare, yayin da wasu kamar [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]] suna da mafi karancin shekarun sayen doka na 21 (sai dai a cikin P.[[Puerto Rico|R.]] da USVI, inda shekarun shan giya shine 18) a ƙoƙarin rage yawan yawan yawan tuki mai shan giya tsakanin matasa da matasa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 April 2022 |title=Minimum legal drinking age of 21 saves lives &#124; CDC |url=https://www.cdc.gov/alcohol/fact-sheets/minimum-legal-drinking-age.htm#:~:text=A%20Minimum%20Legal%20Drinking%20Age,United%20States%20is%2021%20years}}</ref> Akwai ra'ayi da ake kira kungiyoyin yara, inda ake ba da mutane da ke ƙasa da shekarun shan giya na doka kuma ana ba da abin sha ba tare da barasa ba.<ref name=":02">{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=Are teen clubs safe for kids? |url=https://www.oklahoman.com/story/news/2004/03/04/are-teen-clubs-safe-for-kids/62000320007/ |access-date=1 May 2024 |website=The Oklahoman |language=en-US}}</ref> == Afirka == Mafi ƙarancin shekarun sayen barasa a Afirka shine 18. Koyaya, Angola (sai dai Lardin Luanda), Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya, Comoros, Equatorial Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, da Mali ba su da dokoki a kan littattafan da ke hana sayar da barasa ga yara. A Libya, Somalia da Sudan an haramta sayar da, samarwa da amfani da barasa gaba ɗaya. [haɗin da bai dace ba?] <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="The material near this tag may be based upon an improper synthesis of sources. (October 2018)">improper synthesis?</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> {| class="wikitable sortable" ! rowspan="2" style="width:12%;" |Country ! rowspan="2" style="width:12%;" |State/&#x2009;region/&#x2009;province ! colspan="2" style="width:20%;" |De jure ! rowspan="2" style="width:56%;" |Notes |- ! style="width:10%;" |Drinking age ! style="width:10%;" |Purchase age |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Algeria}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 July 2020 |title=Drinking age in Algeria |url=https://drinkingagein.com/algeria |access-date=29 October 2020 |website=Drinking Age in Countries Around the World |language=en |archive-date=18 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220418020458/https://drinkingagein.com/algeria |url-status=dead }}</ref> | style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="auto1">{{Cite web |title=Minimum Legal Age Limits |url=https://www.iard.org/science-resources/detail/Minimum-Legal-Age-Limits |access-date=5 November 2023 |website=International Alliance for Responsible Drinking |language=en}}</ref> |Order No. 26-75 (1975), Article 14 |- | rowspan="2" |{{Flag|Angola}} | | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="ACPF: MINIMUM AGE FOR SALE OF ALCOHOL">{{Cite web |title=PROTECTION FROM DRUG ABUSE/ MINIMUM AGE FOR SALE OF ALCOHOL AND DRUGS: INTERNATIONAL AND REGIONAL LAWS |url=http://www.africanchildforum.org/clr/Harmonisation%20of%20Laws%20in%20Africa/other-documents-harmonisation_8_en.pdf |access-date=12 March 2018 |publisher=The African Child Policy Forum}}</ref> |There is no national legislation prohibiting the sale of alcohol to minors. |- |Luanda Province | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="Decreto Executivo nº 87/08 de 10 julho">{{Cite web |title=Sobre o acesso de menores a espectáculos nocturnos, e o consumo e a comercialização de bebidas alcoólicas por menores |url=http://www.luanda.gov.ao/verlegislacao.aspx?id=434 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180209114749/http://www.luanda.gov.ao/verlegislacao.aspx?id=434 |archive-date=9 February 2018 |access-date=12 March 2018 |publisher=Governo Provincial de Luanda}}</ref> |Legislation in Luanda Province: It is prohibited to sell alcohol beverages to anyone under the age of 18. It is also prohibited for minors to buy and consume alcohol.<ref name="Decreto Executivo nº 87/08 de 10 julho" /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Benin}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |20 |Republic of Benin Report to UN Committee on the Rights of the Child CRC/C/BEN/2 (2005): * Article 8 of the decree of 10 June 1942 regulating the production, import, advertisement, sale, and consumption of alcohol beverages in French West Africa, prohibits the sale or free supply of alcohol beverages to minors under 20. * Article 13 stipulates fines ranging from CFAF 200,000 to CFAF 1 million for such offences, doubled in the case of repeat offences. * There are no official measures prohibiting children from consuming alcohol, tobacco or other substances harmful to their health. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Botswana}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="Botswana Liquor Act 2008">{{Cite web |title=Liquor Act 2008 – Section 32 |url=https://www.a-mla.org/images/acts/LIQOUR%20ACT,%202004.pdf.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180313032128/https://www.a-mla.org/images/acts/LIQOUR%20ACT,%202004.pdf.pdf |archive-date=13 March 2018 |access-date=12 March 2018 |publisher=Government of Botswana}}</ref> <small>(prohibited for any person to supply)</small><ref name="ACPF: MINIMUM AGE FOR SALE OF ALCOHOL" /> | align="center" |18<ref name="Botswana Liquor Act 2008" /> |It is prohibited for any person with a liquor license to sell or supply alcohol beverages to minors under the age of 18 years. Since the law only applies to licenses, it is not prohibited for minors to buy, consume, or possess alcohol beverages.<ref name="Botswana Liquor Act 2008" /> It is also prohibited for any person to expose or supply alcohol to a minor under the age of 18 years.<ref name="ACPF: MINIMUM AGE FOR SALE OF ALCOHOL" /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Burundi}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="Code Penal Burundi">{{Cite web |title=Code Pénal du Burundi – Article 501 et 502 |url=https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl-nat.nsf/0/cb9d300d8db9fc37c125707300338af2/$FILE/Code%20P%C3%A9nal%20du%20Burundi%20.pdf |access-date=12 March 2018 |publisher=MINISTRE DE LA JUSTICE ET GARDE}}</ref> | align="center" |18 <small>(unless accompanied by parent or legal guardian)</small><ref name="Code Penal Burundi" /> |It is prohibited for any person with a liquor license to sell or supply alcohol beverages to unaccompanied minors under the age of 18 years. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Cameroon}} | colspan="2" align="center" |21<br /><br />18 <small>(if accompanied by a person 21 years of age or older)</small><ref name="Cameroon Penal Code">{{Cite web |title=Law No. 2016/007 of July 12, 2016, relating to the Penal Code – Section 348 |url=http://www.wipo.int/wipolex/fr/text.jsp?file_id=425156 |access-date=12 March 2018}}</ref> |It is prohibited for any person with a liquor license to sell or supply alcohol beverages to anyone under 18 years of age. The law permits adults from the ages 18 to 21 to consume, purchase and buy alcohol beverages if accompanied by a person 21 years of age or older. Anyone over the age of 21 years may buy or consume alcohol unaccompanied. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Cape Verde}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="Cap Verde Liquor Law">{{Cite web |title=Lei n.° 27/V/97 |url=https://www.minsaude.gov.cv/index.php/documentosite/342-1-plano-alcool-b-o-i-serie-n-29-de-18-de-abril-de-2016/file |access-date=12 March 2018 |publisher=Imprensa Nacional de Cabo Verde |archive-date=10 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180310072221/http://minsaude.gov.cv/index.php/documentosite/342-1-plano-alcool-b-o-i-serie-n-29-de-18-de-abril-de-2016/file |url-status=dead }}</ref> | align="center" |18<ref name="Cap Verde Liquor Law" /> |It is prohibited for any person to sell or supply alcohol beverages to minors under the age of 18 years. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Central African Republic}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |15 <small>(off-premises)</small>, or 21 <small>(on-premises)</small><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2014 |title=WHO Global Alcohol Report Central African Republic |url=https://www.who.int/substance_abuse/publications/global_alcohol_report/profiles/caf.pdf |access-date=18 October 2018 |publisher=World Health Organization}}</ref> |It is prohibited for any person to sell or supply alcohol beverages to minors under the age of 15 years when sold or supplied off-premises (e.g., liquor stores, wine stores, and supermarkets). It is prohibited for any person to sell or supply alcohol beverages to minors under the age of 21 years when sold or supplied on-premises (e.g., restaurants, bars, and cafes).<ref name=":1" /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Chad}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18 |Law 2017-01 Penal Code Chapter 6 Articles 376–378 establish penalties for licensees who permit entry to youth below age 16 unaccompanied by a supervising adult, sell or offer alcohol beverages to youth below age 18 unaccompanied by a supervising adult, or serve a person below age 18 to intoxication. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Comoros}} | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2014 |title=WHO Global Alcohol Report Comoros |url=https://www.who.int/substance_abuse/publications/global_alcohol_report/profiles/com.pdf |access-date=18 October 2018 |publisher=World Health Organization}}</ref> |It is prohibited for any person to sell or supply alcohol beverages to minors under the age of 18 years.<ref name=":2" /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Democratic Republic of the Congo}} | colspan="2" align="center" |18 | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Djibouti}} | colspan="2" align="center" |None | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Egypt}} | colspan="2" align="center" |21 |Law No. 371 of 1956 concerning public shops and the resolutions implementing it |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Equatorial Guinea}} | colspan="2" align="center" |21<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014 |title=WHO Global Alcohol Report Equatorial Guinea |url=https://www.who.int/substance_abuse/publications/global_alcohol_report/profiles/gnq.pdf |access-date=18 October 2018 |publisher=World Health Organization}}</ref> | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Eritrea}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="Penal Code Eritrea">{{Cite web |title=Penal Code of Eritrea – Article 267 |url=https://www.unodc.org/res/cld/document/penal-code_html/PENAL_CODE_ERITREA.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180313092456/https://www.unodc.org/res/cld/document/penal-code_html/PENAL_CODE_ERITREA.pdf |archive-date=13 March 2018 |access-date=12 March 2018 |publisher=United Nations Office on Drugs and Crimes}}</ref> | align="center" |18<ref name="Penal Code Eritrea" /> |It is prohibited for any person to sell or serve alcohol beverages to minors under the age of 18 years. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Eswatini}} | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name="ACPF: MINIMUM AGE FOR SALE OF ALCOHOL" /> |Liquor Licenses Act (1964) Section 27 |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Ethiopia}} | colspan="2" align="center" |21<ref name="Penal of Ethiopia">{{Cite web |title=Criminal Code, 2004 – Article 531 & 818 |url=http://www.wipo.int/edocs/lexdocs/laws/en/et/et011en.pdf |access-date=12 March 2018 |publisher=WIPO}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ethiopia: Plans To Strengthen Alcohol Control |url=https://movendi.ngo/news/2019/02/06/ethiopia-improves-alcohol-control/ |access-date=5 November 2023 |website=Movendi International |language=en-US}}</ref> |It is prohibited for any person to sell, offer, serve or allow to serve alcohol beverages "in substantial quantities" to any infant or young person. The criminal code defines a young person as any person under the age of 18 years. But the Criminal Code Proclamation 414 (2004) states: "Whoever endangers the health of another, intentionally and unscrupulously, by administering or serving, or by causing or permitting to be administered or served, to minors (defined as anyone under the age of 18 years) (...) alcohol beverages or spirituous liquors of such kind or in such quantity as to make their injurious effect certain or probable, is punishable with simple imprisonment not exceeding one year, and fine." The Revised Family Code Proclamation No. 213 (2000) Article 215 defines a minor as anyone who has not attained the full age of 18. In 2019, the Ethiopian parliament passed a bill that bans a specific category of alcohol advertising in the media and also increases the age limit for purchasing alcohol from 18 to 21 years of age. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Gabon}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18 |Penal Code (1963), Article 209bis-1 |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Gambia}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="UN Committee on the Rights of the Child: State Party Report: Gambia">{{Cite web |title=Drug Control Decree and Decree No. 80 of 1996 |url=http://www.refworld.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/rwmain?page=search&docid=3df5a6d17&skip=0&query=liquor&coi=GMB |access-date=12 March 2018 |publisher=UN Committee on the Rights of the Child (CRC)}}</ref><ref name="ACPF: MINIMUM AGE FOR SALE OF ALCOHOL" /> | align="center" |16<ref name="UN Committee on the Rights of the Child: State Party Report: Gambia" /><ref name="ACPF: MINIMUM AGE FOR SALE OF ALCOHOL" /> |Under the Liquor License Act (1957) it is prohibited to sell, serve or supply alcohol beverages to "anyone under the apparent age of 16". A "young person" is defined as anyone under the age of 17 by the Children and Young Persons Act, 1949 Section 2. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Ghana}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="Ghana LIQUOR LICENSING ACT – 1970">{{Cite web |title=LIQUOR LICENSING ACT – 1970 (ACT 331) – Section 15 – Young Persons to be Excluded. |url=http://laws.ghanalegal.com/acts/id/87/section/15/Young_Persons_To_Be_Excluded |access-date=12 March 2018 |publisher=Ghana Legal |archive-date=20 January 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180120065432/http://laws.ghanalegal.com/acts/id/87/section/15/Young_Persons_To_Be_Excluded |url-status=dead }}</ref> | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Guinea-Bissau}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="ACPF: MINIMUM AGE FOR SALE OF ALCOHOL" /> | | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Kenya}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="ALCOHOLIC DRINKS CONTROL ACT KENYA">{{Cite web |title=ALCOHOLIC DRINKS CONTROL ACT – SECTION 28 |url=http://kenyalaw.org/kl/fileadmin/pdfdownloads/Acts/Alcoholic_Drinks_Control_Act__No4of2010.pdf |access-date=12 March 2018 |publisher=National Council for Law Reporting}}</ref> | align="center" |18<ref name="ALCOHOLIC DRINKS CONTROL ACT KENYA" /> |It is prohibited to sell, serve or supply alcohol beverages to anyone under the age of 18 years. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Lesotho}} | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name="LIQUOR LICENSING ACT 1998 LESOTHO">{{Cite web |title=LIQUOR LICENSING ACT 1998 – Section 39 |url=https://www.lesothotradeportal.org.ls/index.php?r=site/display&id=57#39 |access-date=12 March 2018 |publisher=Ministry of Tourism Environment and Culture |archive-date=13 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180313092438/https://www.lesothotradeportal.org.ls/index.php?r=site%2Fdisplay&id=57#39 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |It is prohibited to sell, serve or supply any alcohol beverage to a minor under the age of 18 years. It is also prohibited for minors to consume, buy or attempt to buy alcohol. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Liberia}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18 |It is prohibited to sell, serve or supply alcohol beverages to anyone under the age of 18 years; "this section shall not apply to a parent or guardian who serves an alcoholic beverage to his child or ward" Penal Law of 1976 Sec 16. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Libya}} | colspan="2" align="center" |Prohibited for all ages |Previously Article 498 of the Libyan Penal Code prohibited the sale of alcohol beverages to juveniles under the age of 16 years.<ref name="ACPF: MINIMUM AGE FOR SALE OF ALCOHOL" /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Malawi}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="Malawi Liquor Act">{{Cite web |title=Liquor Act -Section 74 |url=http://www.africanchildinfo.net/clr/Legislation%20Per%20Country/Malawi/malawi_liquor_1979_en.pdf |access-date=12 March 2018 |publisher=The African Child Information Hub}}</ref> |It is prohibited to sell, serve or supply alcohol beverages to anyone under the age of 18 years. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Mauritania}} | colspan="2" align="center" |Prohibited for all ages<ref>{{Cite web |title=Minimum Legal Drinking Age in Other Countries - Drinking Age - ProCon.org |url=https://drinkingage.procon.org/minimum-legal-drinking-age-in-other-countries/ |access-date=2 January 2021 |website=Drinking Age |language=en-US}}</ref> | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Mauritius}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="Mauritius Child Protection Act, 1995">{{Cite web |title=Child Protection Act, 1995 Section 16 |url=http://dpp.govmu.org/English/Documents/Legislation/CHILD%20PROTECTION.pdf |access-date=12 March 2018 |publisher=Office of the Director of Public Prosecutions |archive-date=13 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180313032146/http://dpp.govmu.org/English/Documents/Legislation/CHILD%20PROTECTION.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> |It is prohibited to sell, serve, or supply alcoholic beverages to anyone under the age of 18 years. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Morocco}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |Restricted to 16 for non-Muslims,<br /><br />Prohibited for Muslims |Legislative Decision No. 3.177.66 of 1967 Art 28–29 |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Mozambique}} | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name="Sanções duras para infractores do novo regulamento">{{Cite web |title=Sanções duras para infractores do novo regulamento |url=http://jornaldomingo.co.mz/index.php/sociedade/2053-sancoes-duras-para-infractores-do-novo-regulamento |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180313155745/http://jornaldomingo.co.mz/index.php/sociedade/2053-sancoes-duras-para-infractores-do-novo-regulamento |archive-date=13 March 2018 |access-date=12 March 2018 |publisher=Domingo}}</ref> |Decree 54/2013 Regulations on the Control of the Production, Sale and Consumption of Alcoholic Beverages (2013), Article 5 (Prohibitions) |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Namibia}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="Namibia Liquor Act 6 of 1998">{{Cite web |title=Liquor Act 6 of 1998 |url=http://www.lac.org.na/laws/annoREG/Liquor%20Act%206%20of%201998%20-%20Regulations%202001-142%20(annotated).pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180313031902/http://www.lac.org.na/laws/annoREG/Liquor%20Act%206%20of%201998%20-%20Regulations%202001-142%20(annotated).pdf |archive-date=13 March 2018 |access-date=12 March 2018 |publisher=Legal Assistance Centre}}</ref> |It is prohibited to sell, serve or supply alcohol beverages to anyone under the age of 18 years. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Niger}} | colspan="2" align="center" |18 |Penal Code Article 302 |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Nigeria}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None (at national level)<ref name="ACPF: MINIMUM AGE FOR SALE OF ALCOHOL" /> | style="text-align:center;" |None (all other states)<br /><br />18 in Abuja<br /><br />Prohibited in Borno |For Abuja: Municipal Area Council Bye-Law 2001 Sec 15 |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Republic of the Congo}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="LOI N° 4-2010 DU 14 JUIN 2010">{{Cite web |title=LOI N° 4-2010 DU 14 JUIN 2010 Article 123 |url=https://www.unicef.org/wcaro/wcaro_CONG_childprotection_framework_2010.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150912163001/http://www.unicef.org/wcaro/wcaro_CONG_childprotection_framework_2010.pdf |archive-date=12 September 2015 |access-date=12 March 2018 |publisher=UNICEF}}</ref> | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Rwanda}} | colspan="2" align="center" |18 |Organic Law implementing the Penal Code N°01/2012/OL Articles 217 and 219 |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Senegal}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="N° 3097/MINT/DAGAT/DEL/DB">{{Cite web |title=N° 3097/MINT/DAGAT/DEL/DB |url=http://www.servicepublic.gouv.sn/assets/textes/debits_de_boisson.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180218232139/http://www.servicepublic.gouv.sn/assets/textes/debits_de_boisson.pdf |archive-date=18 February 2018 |access-date=12 March 2018 |publisher=REPUBLIQUE DU SENEGAL MINISTRE DE L'INTERIEUR}}</ref> | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Saint Helena}} | colspan="2" align="center" |18 <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 June 2021 |title=Underage Drinking |url=https://www.sainthelena.gov.sh/2021/news/underage-drinking/}}</ref> | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Seychelles}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18 |Chapter 113 Licenses Act (2010) * Subsidiary Legislation: Licenses (Manufacturing) Regulation (1987), Article 8(5)(page 20): ** In the case of manufacturing and processing of liquor, tobacco and tobacco products, the license holder shall (i) not deliver or sell liquor to, or allow any consumption of liquor by, any person under the age of 18 years or deliver or sell tobacco or tobacco products or allow it to be used on the premises by such a person; * Subsidiary Legislation: Licenses (Liquor and Outdoor Entertainment) Regulations (1998), Article 14 (page 28): ** (1) The holder of a license, his servant or agent shall not (a) employ or allow a person under the age of 18 years, ... (b) sell or deliver liquor, cigarettes or tobacco products to, or allow liquor to be consumed or cigarettes or any tobacco products to be used by any person under the age of 18 years on the premises; ... (i) admit any person under the age of 18 years to a premises licensed as a public bar, toddy bar or at the premises licensed to manufacture and sell baka or lapire;... |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Somalia}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |Prohibited for all ages<ref name="Acsom">{{Cite web |title=WHO Global Alcohol Report Somalia |url=https://www.who.int/substance_abuse/publications/global_alcohol_report/profiles/som.pdf |access-date=29 November 2014 |publisher=World Health Organization}}</ref> | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|South Africa}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18 |The parent, adult guardian of a minor or a person responsible for administering a religious sacrament, may on occasion supply to that minor a moderate quantity of liquor to be consumed by the minor in the presence and under the supervision of that parent, guardian or other person.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Department of Trade & Industry |date=26 April 2004 |title=The National Liquor Act, 59 of 2003 |url=http://www.thedti.gov.za/business_regulation/docs/nla/act2003.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=Government Gazette |volume=446 |issue=26294 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190106232633/http://www.thedti.gov.za/business_regulation/docs/nla/act2003.pdf%20 |archive-date=6 January 2019 |access-date=8 January 2013}}</ref> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|South Sudan}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="ACPF: MINIMUM AGE FOR SALE OF ALCOHOL" /> | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Sudan}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |Restricted to non-Muslims<br /><br />Muslims: Prohibited for all ages<br /><br />Non-Muslims: Unknown<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sudan: Country Specific Information |url=https://travel.state.gov/travel/cis_pa_tw/cis/cis_1029.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140111012511/http://travel.state.gov/travel/cis_pa_tw/cis/cis_1029.html |archive-date=11 January 2014 |publisher=[[U.S. Department of State]]}}</ref> |Penal Code 1991, Art 78–79 |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Tanzania}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="Tanzania Law of the Child Act 2009">{{Cite web |title=Law of the Child Act 2009 – Section 17 |url=http://www.mcdgc.go.tz/data/Law_of_the_Child_Act_2009.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161213055536/http://www.mcdgc.go.tz/data/Law_of_the_Child_Act_2009.pdf |archive-date=13 December 2016 |access-date=12 March 2018 |publisher=Tanzania Ministry of Health, Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children}}</ref> | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Togo}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="ACPF: MINIMUM AGE FOR SALE OF ALCOHOL" /> | align="center" |20<ref name="auto1" /><br /><br />18 ^{(beer, wine and cider)} |Ordinance No. 34 of 1967 Code of alcohol beverage outlets and anti-alcoholism measures Art 29 |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Tunisia}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | style="text-align:center;" |18 |Law 2004-75 Article 4 prohibits entry to night clubs to those under 18 with an exception for accompanied persons between 16 and 18 in certain venues, sale of alcohol beverages to whom is prohibited. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Uganda}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="Liquor Act 1960, Uganda">{{Cite web |title=Liquor Act 1960 – Section 19 |url=https://ulii.org/ug/legislation/consolidated-act/93 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612142941/https://ulii.org/ug/legislation/consolidated-act/93 |archive-date=12 June 2018 |access-date=12 March 2018 |publisher=Uganda Legal Information Institute}}</ref> | align="center" |18<br /><br />16 ^{(wine, beer, porter, cider, perry or native liquor with meal)}<ref name="Liquor Act 1960, Uganda" /> |It is prohibited for any licensee to sell, serve or supply alcohol beverages to anyone under the age of 18 years. The law provides an exception for anyone who is 16 or 17 years of age, and consumes a fermented alcohol drink with a meal, in a part of a licensed premises that serves meals and is not a bar. |- | colspan="2" |''{{Flag|Western Sahara}}'' | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="ACPF: MINIMUM AGE FOR SALE OF ALCOHOL" /> | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Zambia}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="Liquor Licensing Act 2011, Zambia">{{Cite web |title=THE LIQUOR LICENSING ACT, 2011 – Section 36 |url=http://www.parliament.gov.zm/sites/default/files/documents/acts/Liqour%20Licensing%20Act%2C%202011.pdf |access-date=12 March 2018 |publisher=Government of Zambia}}</ref><br /><br />16 ^{(traditional beer)} |It is prohibited for any person with a liquor license, to sell, serve or supply alcohol beverages to anyone under 18 years of age. Before the Liquor Licensing Act was enacted in 2011, the minimum age to sell, serve and supply alcohol beverages was 14 years. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Zimbabwe}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="CHILDREN'S ACT ZIMBABWE">{{Cite web |title=CHILDREN'S ACT – Section 78 |url=https://www.ilo.org/dyn/natlex/docs/ELECTRONIC/76958/88827/F-860336063/ZWE76958.pdf |access-date=12 March 2018 |publisher=International Labour Organisation}}</ref> | align="center" |18 <small>(except with parent or guardian consent)</small> |Liquor Act Article 116 Prohibited conduct by persons in general (1) No person shall— ... (l) being a person to whom in terms of this Act the sale of liquor is prohibited, purchase or attempt to purchase liquor in contravention of such provision; .... (o) sell, lend, give, supply or deliver, or offer so to do, any liquor to any person under the age of eighteen years except with the consent of the parent or guardian of that person. Children's Act Section 78 – It is prohibited for any person to sell, lend, give, supply, deliver or offer alcohol beverages to any child under the age of 16 years, except upon production of a written order signed by the parent or guardian of the child known to such person. The police has the duty to seize any alcohol beverage in the possession of a child under the age of 16 years without a written consent of the parents or legal guardian.<ref name="CHILDREN'S ACT ZIMBABWE" /> |} == Amurka == A Amurka ta tsakiya, Caribbean, da Amurka ta Kudu shekarun shan giya da shekarun sayen doka sun bambanta daga 0 zuwa 20 shekaru (duba tebur da ke ƙasa). A Kudancin Amurka musamman, shekarun sayen doka shine shekaru 18, tare da banbanci biyu: * A Paraguay, shekarun shan giya da sayen doka shine shekaru 20. * A Guyana, yara masu shekaru 16 ko 17 na iya cin gilashin giya ko ruwan inabi a gidan cin abinci idan sun sayi abinci. A Arewacin Amurka shekarun shan giya da shekarun sayen doka sun bambanta daga shekaru 18 zuwa 21: * A Mexico, shekarun shan giya shine 18 a duk jihohi. * A Amurka, mafi ƙarancin shekarun doka don siyan abin sha galibi shekaru 21; ban da biyu sune Puerto Rico da Virgin Islands inda shekaru ke da 18. Shekarar shan giya ta doka ta bambanta da jihar, kuma jihohi da yawa ba su da bukatun shekaru don kula da shan giya tare da iyayen mutum ko masu kula da doka. * A Kanada, yawancin larduna suna da mafi ƙarancin shekaru 19 don sayen ko shan barasa, yayin da a Alberta, Manitoba, da Quebec, mafi ƙaranci shekaru shine shekaru 18. Gundumomi da yawa suna ba da izinin yara su sha barasa idan iyayensu / masu kula da su ne suka ba su, kuma ana cinye su a ƙarƙashin kulawarsu a gidansu.<ref>{{Cite web |year=2021 |title=Liquor License Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. L. 19 |url=https://www.ontario.ca/laws/statute/90l19 |access-date=5 October 2021 |website=www.ontario.ca |publisher=Queen's Printer for Ontario}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=3 July 2021 |title=Summer Safety: What you need to know about serving alcohol in your home |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/hamilton/headlines/summer-safety-what-you-need-to-know-about-serving-alcohol-in-your-home-1.1319229 |access-date=5 October 2021 |website=www.cbc.ca |publisher=Canadian Broadcasting Corporation}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |year=2010 |title=What are some underage drinking facts in Canada? |url=https://faq.drugrehab.ca/underage-drinking-facts-in-canada |access-date=5 October 2021 |website=drugrehab.ca}}</ref> Don ƙarin bayani duba Alcoholic drinks in Canada § Age. A ƙarshen karni na 20, yawancin Arewacin Amurka sun canza mafi ƙarancin shekarun shan giya (MLDAs) kamar haka: {{Blockquote|In the 1970s, provincial and state policy makers in Canada and the United States moved to lower MLDAs (which were set at 21 years in most provinces/territories and states) to coincide with the jurisdictional [[age of majority]] — typically 18 years of age.... As a result, MLDAs were reduced in all Canadian provinces [and] in [[U.S. history of alcohol minimum purchase age by state|more than half of US states]]. In Canada, however, two provinces, Ontario [in 1979] and Saskatchewan [in 1976], quickly raised their subsequent MLDAs from 18 to 19 years in response to a few studies demonstrating an association between the lowered drinking age and increases in alcohol-related harms to youth and young adults, including increases in [[motor vehicle accidents]] (MVAs) and [[alcohol intoxication]] among high school students. Following MLDA reductions in the US, research in several states provided persuasive evidence of sharp increases in rates of fatal and nonfatal MVAs appearing immediately after the implementation of lower drinking ages. These scientific findings galvanized public pressure on lawmakers to raise MLDAs and, in response, the federal government introduced the [[National Minimum Drinking Age Act]] of 1984, which imposed a reduction of highway funds for states if they did not increase their MLDA to 21 years. All states complied and implemented an MLDA of 21 years by 1988.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Impacts of drinking-age laws on mortality in Canada, 1980–2009 |vauthors=Callaghan RC, Sanches M, Gatley JM, Stockwell T|journal=Drug and Alcohol Dependence|year=2014|volume=138|pages=137–145|doi=10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.02.019 |pmid=24631002|doi-access=free|hdl=20.500.11937/41631|hdl-access=free|issn=0376-8716}}</ref>}} {| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible" ! rowspan="2" style="width:12%;" |Country ! rowspan="2" style="width:12%;" |State/&#x2009;region/&#x2009;province ! colspan="2" style="width:20%;" |De jure ! rowspan="2" style="width:56%;" |Notes |- ! style="width:10%;" |Drinking age ! style="width:10%;" |Purchase age |- | colspan="2" |''{{Flag|Anguilla}}'' | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="L075-00-Liquor Licences Act">{{Cite web |title=L075-00-Liquor Licences Act – 27. |url=http://www.gov.ai/laws/L075-00-Liquor%20Licences%20Act/ |access-date=18 March 2018 |publisher=Government of Anguilla}}</ref> | align="center" |18<ref name="L075-00-Liquor Licences Act" /> |It is prohibited to sell or serve alcohol drinks to anyone under the age of 18 years. Violating the regulation is punished with a $9,600 fine. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Antigua and Barbuda}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |16 <small>(on premises)</small> None <small>(off premises)<ref>{{Cite web |title=THE LICENSING (INTOXICATING LIQUOR) ACT – CHAPTER 249 – PART V – 24. |url=http://www.laws.gov.ag/acts/chapters/cap-249.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150103005432/http://www.laws.gov.ag/acts/chapters/cap-249.pdf |archive-date=3 January 2015 |access-date=9 January 2015 |publisher=laws.gov.ag}}</ref></small> |The sale and distribution of alcohol to a person under 16 years of age, and purchase by persons under 16 years of age, for consumption in licensed premises are prohibited. ID is rarely requested. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Argentina}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref>{{Cite web |date=31 March 1997 |title=Ley Nacional De Lucha Contra El Alcoholismo |url=http://servicios.infoleg.gob.ar/infolegInternet/anexos/40000-44999/42480/norma.htm |access-date=7 October 2019 |language=es}}</ref> |Drinking age is rarely enforced. ID is almost never requested. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Bahamas}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref>{{Cite web |title=CHILD PROTECTION ACT – PART VI – CARE AND PROTECTION OF CHILDREN SUPERVISION ORDERS – 62. (4) |url=http://laws.bahamas.gov.bs/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/2007/2007-0001/ChildProtectionAct_1.pdf |access-date=18 March 2018 |publisher=Government of the Bahamas |archive-date=15 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230615145832/https://laws.bahamas.gov.bs/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/2007/2007-0001/ChildProtectionAct_1.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> |It is prohibited for any adult to sell, serve or supply any alcohol beverage to a child (defined as anyone under the age of 18 years). The law provides an exception to treat an illness in urgent cases or upon order by a medical doctor. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Barbados}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18 |It is prohibited to sell or serve any alcohol beverage to anyone under the age of 18 years. Previously 16, the President of the Barbados Road Safety Association pushed to raise the drinking age to 18 years because the law was often violated. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Belize}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="Liquor Licences Act BVI">{{Cite web |title=Liquor Licences Act (Cap. 106) – PART IV – 34: Sale of intoxicating liquor to children. |url=http://www.ird.gov.vg/Portals/0/Liquor%20Licences%20Act%20%28Cap.%20106%29.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150103005633/http://www.ird.gov.vg/Portals/0/Liquor%20Licences%20Act%20%28Cap.%20106%29.pdf |archive-date=3 January 2015 |access-date=9 January 2015 |publisher=ird.gov.vg}}</ref> |Drinking age is rarely enforced. ID is almost never requested. |- | colspan="2" |''{{Flag|Bermuda}}'' | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="Liquor Licences Act Bermuda">{{Cite web |title=LIQUOR LICENCE ACT 1974 – Procuring drink for drunken person or minor 42. |url=http://www.cada.bm/images/articles/Bermuda_Liquor_Licence_Act_1974_-_with_2010_amendments_incorporated.pdf |access-date=9 January 2015 |publisher=cada.bm |archive-date=18 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211118091850/http://www.cada.bm/images/articles/Bermuda_Liquor_Licence_Act_1974_-_with_2010_amendments_incorporated.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> |It is prohibited to sell or serve any alcohol beverage to a child under the age of 18 years. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Bolivia}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18 |It is prohibited to sell or serve alcohol beverages to minors under the age of 18 years. Law 259 Against the Sale and Consumption of Alcoholic Beverages (2012) Article 20 |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Brazil}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="Brazil Lei 13.106/2015">{{Cite web |title=LEI Nº 13.106, DE 17 DE MARÇO DE 2015. Art. 1o, Art. 2o |url=http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_ato2015-2018/2015/lei/l13106.htm |access-date=18 March 2018 |publisher=Presidência da República Casa Civil}}</ref> | align="center" |18<ref name="Brazil Lei 13.106/2015" /> |It is prohibited to sell, serve or supply any alcohol beverage to a person under 18 years of age. The presidential law enacted on 17 March 2015 made any violation of the law a criminal offence. Any adult person selling, serving, giving or supplying alcohol beverages to a minor is punished with imprisonment of 2 to 4 years, a fine of R$3.000 to R$10.000 and a ban to operate any business selling or serving alcohol. |- | colspan="2" |''{{Flag|British Virgin Islands}}'' | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |16<ref name="Liquor Licences Act BVI" /> |It is prohibited to sell or to supply alcohol to anyone under the age of 16. ID is rarely requested. |- | rowspan="2" |{{Flag|Canada}} |{{Flag|Alberta}}<br /><br />{{Flag|Manitoba}}<br /><br />{{Flag|Quebec}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="Alberta GAMING AND LIQUOR ACT" /><ref name="Manitoba The Liquor and Gaming Control Act" /><ref name="Quebec ACT RESPECTING LIQUOR PERMITS" /> |In Alberta no person may give or sell or permit any person to give or sell liquor to a minor in licensed premises.<ref name="Alberta GAMING AND LIQUOR ACT">{{Cite web |title=GAMING AND LIQUOR ACT – Supplying liquor to minor – 75 |url=http://www.qp.alberta.ca/documents/Acts/g01.pdf |access-date=18 March 2018 |publisher=Alberta Queen's Printer |archive-date=7 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220507155302/https://www.qp.alberta.ca/documents/Acts/g01.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> In Manitoba a person must not give, sell or otherwise supply liquor to a minor. The law provides exceptions for a doctor, dentist, pharmacist or other health care professional for medical purposes; for sacramental purposes and by the parent, guardian, spouse or common-law partner, if it is given or supplied in a residence.<ref name="Manitoba The Liquor and Gaming Control Act">{{Cite web |title=The Liquor and Gaming Control Act – No providing liquor to minors – 62 (1) and (2) |url=http://web2.gov.mb.ca/laws/statutes/ccsm/l153e.php |access-date=18 March 2018 |publisher=Manitoba Queen's Printer}}</ref> In Quebec the law prohibits the sale of alcohol beverages to a minor under the age of 18 years.<ref name="Quebec ACT RESPECTING LIQUOR PERMITS">{{Cite web |title=ACT RESPECTING LIQUOR PERMITS |url=http://legisquebec.gouv.qc.ca/en/ShowDoc/cs/P-9.1 |access-date=18 March 2018 |publisher=Gouvernement du Québec}}</ref> |- |{{Flag|Ontario}}<br /><br />{{Flag|Saskatchewan}}<br /><br />{{Flag|British Columbia}}<br /><br />{{Flag|Newfoundland and Labrador}}<br /><br />{{Flag|Nova Scotia}}<br /><br />{{Flag|New Brunswick}}<br /><br />{{Flag|Prince Edward Island}}<br /><br />{{Flag|Northwest Territories}}<br /><br />{{Flag|Yukon}}<br /><br />{{Flag|Nunavut}} | style="text-align:center;" |None | align="center" |19 |Ontario's Liquor Licence Act permits the supply and consumption of liquor to those under the age of 19. However, supplying a person under the age of 19 is restricted to the person's parent or legal guardian, and may only occur in a residence or in a private place of the parent or legal guardian. A person under the age of 19 who was supplied liquor in this manner is permitted to consume the liquor only in the place it was supplied.<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 July 2014 |title=Liquor Licence Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. L.19 s.30 Rules, persons under 19 |url=https://www.ontario.ca/laws/statute/90l19#BK34 |access-date=16 October 2018 |publisher=Queen's Printer for Ontario}}</ref> |- | colspan="2" |''{{Flag|Cayman Islands}}'' | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="LIQUOR LICENSING LAW">{{Cite web |title=LIQUOR LICENSING LAW – 21., 22. |url=http://www.gov.ky/pls/portal/docs/PAGE/CIGHOME/FIND/ORGANISATIONS/AZAGENCIES/POL/INFORMATIONGUIDES/FREQUENTLYCONSULTEDLAWS/LIQUOR2000.PDF |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150912014454/http://www.gov.ky/pls/portal/docs/PAGE/CIGHOME/FIND/ORGANISATIONS/AZAGENCIES/POL/INFORMATIONGUIDES/FREQUENTLYCONSULTEDLAWS/LIQUOR2000.PDF |archive-date=12 September 2015 |access-date=9 January 2015 |publisher=gov.ky}}</ref> |It is prohibited to sell, serve or supply alcohol beverages to anyone under the age of 18 years. It is also prohibited for any minor to buy, attempt to buy or consume alcohol beverages. Violation of the law is punished with a fine of five thousand dollars, and the court may, if the offence was committed by the licensee, order that the licensee shall forfeit his licence and that no licence may be issued to that person for a period not exceeding ten years from the date of his conviction. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Chile}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="IARD"/> |The minimum age is 18 to enter an enclosure that sells alcohol beverages. Selling alcohol to a minor may incur a fine. One must provide identification upon request. Residents of Chile over the age of 18 must carry their Chilean identification card issued by the Civil Registry and Identification Service at all times.<ref>{{Cite web |title=LAW ON EXPENDITURE AND CONSUMPTION OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES |url=https://www.leychile.cl/Navegar?idNorma=220208 |access-date=7 September 2017 |language=es}}</ref> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Colombia}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="Colombia LEY 124 DE 1994">{{Cite web |title=LEY 124 DE 1994 – Artículo 1º. |url=http://www.alcaldiabogota.gov.co/sisjur/normas/Norma1.jsp?i=291 |access-date=18 March 2018 |publisher=Secretaría Jurídica Distrital de la Alcaldía Mayor de Bogotá D.C}}</ref> |The law prohibits the sale of alcohol to a minor (anyone under the age of 18 years). It is not prohibited for minors to buy, attempt to buy or consume alcohol.<ref name="Colombia LEY 124 DE 1994" /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Costa Rica}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="Costa Rica Ley n.º 7633">{{Cite web |title=Ley n.º 7633 – REGULACIÓN DE HORARIOS DE FUNCIONAMIENTO EN EXPENDIOS DE BEBIDAS ALCOHÓLICAS – ARTÍCULO 5.- |url=http://www.tse.go.cr/pdf/normativa/leyderegulaciondehorarios.pdf |access-date=18 March 2018 |publisher=Secretaría Jurídica Distrital de la Alcaldía Mayor de Bogotá D.C}}</ref> |The law prohibits the sale of alcohol to a minor (anyone under the age of 18 years). Selling alcohol to a minor will be punished with a fine equivalent to ten basic salaries. Whoever permits minors to maintain in any establishment which main purpose is to sell alcohol beverages, will be sanctioned with a fine equivalent to five salaries. It is not prohibited for minors to buy, attempt to buy or consume alcohol.<ref name="Costa Rica Ley n.º 7633" /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Cuba}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |16<ref name="Cuba CODIGO PENAL">{{Cite web |title=CODIGO PENAL – ARTICULO 313.1.- |url=https://www.gacetaoficial.gob.cu/html/ipenal.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161019063656/http://www.gacetaoficial.gob.cu/html/ipenal.html |archive-date=19 October 2016 |access-date=18 March 2018 |publisher=gacetaoficial.gob.cu}}</ref> |The penal code prohibits any adult to induce any young person under the age of 16 years, to habitually consume alcohol beverages. However this means that de facto anyone selling, serving or supplying alcohol should check if the buyer has attained the age of 16 years. In most cases this law is not strictly enforced.<ref name="Cuba CODIGO PENAL" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=20 November 2013 |title=Tragos amargos |url=http://www.cubahora.cu/sociedad/tragos-amargos |access-date=18 March 2018 |publisher=CUBAHORA}}</ref> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Dominica}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |16 |Laws of Dominica Liquor Licences Act Chapter 70:03, Part IV, Sec 15(f) |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Dominican Republic}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="Alcohol y menores">{{Cite web |title=Alcohol y menores de edad |url=http://www.cnd.com.do/index.php/alcohol-y-menores/introduccion |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150103005732/http://www.cnd.com.do/index.php/alcohol-y-menores/introduccion |archive-date=3 January 2015 |access-date=9 January 2015 |publisher=cnd.com.do}}</ref> | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Ecuador}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="Ley Ecuador">{{Cite web |title=REGLAMENTO GENERAL A LA LEY ORGANICA DE DEFENSA DEL CONSUMIDOR PUBLICADA EN EL SUPLEMENTO DEL REGISTRO OFICIAL No. 116 DEL 10 DE JULIO DEL 2000. – Art. 54.- b) |url=http://www.dpe.gob.ec/wp-content/dpetransparencia2014/literala/BaseLegalQueRigeLaInstitucion/ReglamentoLeyOrganicaConsumidor.pdf |access-date=18 March 2018 |publisher=Secretario General de la Administración Pública |archive-date=3 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210803213955/http://www.dpe.gob.ec/wp-content/dpetransparencia2014/literala/BaseLegalQueRigeLaInstitucion/ReglamentoLeyOrganicaConsumidor.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> |It is prohibited to sell alcohol beverages to a minor under the age of 18 years of age. The law obligates establishments to place a visible notice at the point of sale and to check identification to enforce the law. However it is not prohibited for minors to buy, attempt to buy or consume alcohol.<ref name="Ley Ecuador" /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|El Salvador}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="LEY REGULADORA DE LA PRODUCCION Y COMERCIALIZACION DEL ALCOHOL Y DE LAS BEBIDAS ALCOHOLICAS">{{Cite web |title=LEY REGULADORA DE LA PRODUCCION Y COMERCIALIZACION DEL ALCOHOL Y DE LAS BEBIDAS ALCOHOLICAS – Art. 49.- |url=https://sansalvador.gob.sv/phocadownload/userupload/Sindicatura/LEY-REGULADORA-DE-LA-PRODUCCION-Y-COMERCIALIZACION-DE-ALCOHOL-Y-BEBIDAS-ALCOHOLICAS.pdf |access-date=18 March 2018 |publisher=Gobierno de San Salvador |archive-date=18 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211118091846/https://sansalvador.gob.sv/phocadownload/userupload/Sindicatura/LEY-REGULADORA-DE-LA-PRODUCCION-Y-COMERCIALIZACION-DE-ALCOHOL-Y-BEBIDAS-ALCOHOLICAS.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> |It is strictly prohibited to sell or serve alcohol beverages to a minor under the age of 18 years. Violation of the law is punished with ₡25,000.00 and if convicted once more the license will be suspended for a period of six months. It is legal for minors to buy, attempt to buy and consume alcohol.<ref name="LEY REGULADORA DE LA PRODUCCION Y COMERCIALIZACION DEL ALCOHOL Y DE LAS BEBIDAS ALCOHOLICAS" /> |- | colspan="2" |''{{Flag|Falkland Islands}}'' | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="Control of Drinking by Juveniles Ordinance 1993">{{Cite web |title=Control of Drinking by Juveniles Ordinance 1993 – Sections 3, 4 and 5 |url=https://www.legislation.gov.fk/view/whole/inforce/2018-03-18/fiord-1993-3?query=((Repealed%253DN%2520AND%2520DocType%253D%2522fiord%2522%2520AND%2520PitValid%253D%2540pointInTime(20180318174407)%2520AND%2520DocStatus%253D%2522inforce%2522)%2520OR%2520(Repealed%253DN%2520AND%2520DocType%253D%2522fisl%2522%2520AND%2520PitValid%253D%2540pointInTime(20180318174407)%2520AND%2520DocStatus%253D%2522inforce%2522))%2520AND%2520Year%253D1993&displayQuery=[{%22name%22:%22Document%20types%22,%22value%22:%22In%20force%20Ordinances,%20In%20force%20Secondary%20Legislation%22},{%22name%22:%22Query%22},{%22name%22:%22Year%22,%22value%22:%221993%22,%22operator%22:%22AND%22},{%22name%22:%22Number%22,%22operator%22:%22AND%22},{%22name%22:%22Point%20in%20time%22,%22value%22:%2218/03/2018%22,%22operator%22:%22AND%22}]#sec.4 |access-date=18 March 2018 |publisher=Government of the Falkland Islands}}</ref> |It is prohibited for any adult to sell, give or provide alcohol to a minor under the age of 18 years in any public place or licensed premises. Parents may permit their children to consume alcohol on private premises. Minors consuming alcohol in public are committing a criminal offence. The law provides exceptions for the consumption of alcohol by minors for prescription of or at the direction of a government medical officer or in the course of the administration of Holy Communion according to the rites of any Christian denomination.<ref name="Control of Drinking by Juveniles Ordinance 1993" /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Grenada}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |16<br /><br />None <small>(off-premise)</small> |Chapter 174 Liquor Dealers' Licenses Act (1988), accessible through the Laws of Grenada Portal |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Guatemala}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="Guatemala DECRETO NUMERO 90-97">{{Cite web |title=Decreto 90–97 – Artículo 50. |url=http://www.cicad.oas.org/fortalecimiento_institucional/legislations/pdf/gt/decreto_congresional_90-97.pdf |access-date=7 August 2021 |publisher=EL Congreso de la República de Guatemala}}</ref> |It is prohibited to sell, serve or supply any alcohol drink to a minor under 18 years of age on any establishment or in the street. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Guyana}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<br /><br />16 <small>(on-premise for wine or malt liquor with a meal)</small><ref name="Guyana Intoxicating Liquor Licensing Act">{{Cite web |title=Intoxicating Liquor Licensing Act – Section 55 |url=http://www.guyaneselawyer.com/lawsofguyana/Laws/cap8221.pdf |access-date=9 January 2015 |publisher=EL CONGRESO DE LA REPUBLICA DE GUATEMALA}}</ref> |It is prohibited to sell or serve alcohol to a person under 18 years of age. The law provides an exception for minors aged 16 and 17, if they consume a glass of beer, wine or cider with a meal in a restaurant. Otherwise attempting to buy alcohol or buying alcohol as a minor is an offence.<ref name="Guyana Intoxicating Liquor Licensing Act" /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Haiti}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |None <small>(at national level)</small> |In the capital Port-au-Prince, it is prohibited to sell or serve alcohol to minors under 18 years old from 17 May 2017. Vendors are required to check identification.<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 May 2015 |title=HAITI: Interdiction de vendre de l'alcool aux mineurs informe le chef du parquet |url=http://news.anmwe.com/haiti-interdiction-de-vendre-de-lalcool-aux-mineurs-informe-le-chef-du-parquet/ |access-date=17 October 2019 |publisher=Anmwe News}}</ref> The Senate voted on a proposed Law on the protection of minors from alcohol beverages, to establish a legal purchase age of 18 and related implementation measures, in December 2012. The law has not yet been approved and enacted. ''Law prohibiting minors entry to entertainment venues'' Article 1 prohibits those under the age of 16 from entering cinemas and theaters (except during children's programming), clubs, cafes, or venues licensed to sell alcohol beverages. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Honduras}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18 |Law for Police Enforcement and Social Coexistence Decree 226 (2001) Article 68 bans the sale of alcohol to minors; The definition of punishable gang activity for minors aged 12–18 includes drinking alcohol beverages in public places (Art 90–91). Code of Children and Adolescents Decree 73 (1996) |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Jamaica}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="Child Care and Protection Act Jamaica">{{Cite web |title=Child Care and Protection Act – Section 40 |url=http://moj.gov.jm/sites/default/files/laws/Child%20Care%20and%20Protection%20Act_0.pdf |access-date=9 January 2015 |publisher=Government of Jamaica |archive-date=19 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220319031305/https://moj.gov.jm/sites/default/files/laws/Child%20Care%20and%20Protection%20Act_0.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> |It is prohibited to sell or serve any alcohol beverage to a child (which is defined as anyone under the age of 18 years).<ref name="Child Care and Protection Act Jamaica" /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Mexico}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="IARD" /> |All Mexican states prohibit the sale of alcohol to any person under 18 years old. Identification is required for age verification. Some states may allow minors to consume alcoholic beverages with parental consent.<ref>{{Cite web |title=¿Cuál es la edad mínima para consumir alcohol en México? |url=https://www.velasresorts.com.mx/faq/destinos/cul-es-la-edad-mnima-para-consumir-alcohol-en-mxico}}</ref> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Nicaragua}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="PROHIBICIÓN VENTA DE LICOR A MENORES DE DIECIOCHO AÑOS">{{Cite web |date=2014 |title=CÓDIGO DE LA NIÑEZ Y LA ADOLESCENCIA. LEY No. 287 |url=https://www.nicasalud.org.ni/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/CODIGO-DE-LA-NI%C3%91EZ-ADOLESCENCIA-Y-LA-FAMILIA-2014.pdf |access-date=17 October 2019 |publisher=Asamblea Nacional de la República de Nicaragua}}</ref> | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Panama}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref>{{Cite web |title=EL CONSEJO NACIONAL DE LEGISLACION DECRETA: CAPITULO PRIMERO IMPUESTOS SOBRE EXPENDIO DE BEBIDAS ALCOHOLICAS. |url=http://extwprlegs1.fao.org/docs/pdf/pan41786.pdf |access-date=9 January 2015 |publisher=Consejo Nacional de Legislación |archive-date=7 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220507155229/http://extwprlegs1.fao.org/docs/pdf/pan41786.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Paraguay}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |20<ref>{{Cite web |date=13 June 2016 |title=Ley N° 1.642 / 2000 – QUE PROHÍBE LA VENTA DEBEBIDAS ALCOHÓLICAS A MENORES DE EDAD Y PROHÍBE SU CONSUMO EN LA VÍA PÚBLICA |url=http://www.bacn.gov.py/leyes-paraguayas/5076/ley-n-1642-prohibe-la-venta-de-bebidas-alcoholicas-a-menores-de-edad-y-prohibe-su-consumo-en-la-via-publica |access-date=17 October 2019 |publisher=Biblioteca y Archivo Central del Congreso Nacional}}</ref> | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Peru}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ley No. 28681 |url=https://docs.peru.justia.com/federales/leyes/28681-mar-3-2006.pdf |access-date=9 January 2015 |publisher=docs.peru.justia.com}}</ref> | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Saint Kitts and Nevis}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18 |Liquor Licences Act Sec 32(f) |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Saint Lucia}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |16 |Chapter 13.17 Liquor Licence Act Art 37 |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |16<ref>{{Cite web |title=WHO Global Alcohol Report Saint Vincent and the Grenadines |url=https://www.who.int/substance_abuse/publications/global_alcohol_report/profiles/vct.pdf?ua=1 |access-date=18 December 2023}}</ref> |Chapter 342 Liquor License Act (1990), Sections 27 and 28 |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Trinidad and Tobago}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="Liquor Licenses Act Trinidad and Tobago">{{Cite web |title=Liquor Licenses Act – Section 60 |url=http://rgd.legalaffairs.gov.tt/laws2/alphabetical_list/lawspdfs/84.10.pdf |access-date=9 January 2015}}</ref> |It is prohibited to sell, serve or supply alcohol beverages to child under the age of 18 years. It is also prohibited for an adult to send a child to buy alcohol on behalf. It is not prohibited for children to buy or consume alcohol.<ref name="Liquor Licenses Act Trinidad and Tobago" /> |- | colspan="2" |''{{Flag|Turks and Caicos Islands}}'' | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="Liquor Licenses Act Turks and Caicos Islands">{{Cite web |title=Liquor Licenses Act – Section 27 |url=http://online.fliphtml5.com/fizd/micd/#p=22 |access-date=9 January 2015}}</ref> |It is prohibited to serve or sell liquor to a young person under the age of eighteen years. Minors under the age of sixteen years may not present in a licensed premises mainly serving and selling alcohol beverages.<ref name="Liquor Licenses Act Turks and Caicos Islands" /> |- | rowspan="3" |{{Flag|United States}} |(50 states) | style="text-align:center;" |Varies by state<ref name="IARD" /> | style="text-align:center;" |21<ref name="IARD" /> |The National Minimum Drinking Age Act requires all states and territories to have a minimum purchasing age of 21 or lose ten percent of their federal highway funding. The act does not apply to the age of alcohol consumption (i.e., states may allow alcohol consumption by those under 21 years of age without penalty). Exceptions to the drinking age are governed by state law. Some [[Jihohin Tarayyar Amurka|states]] do not allow those under the legal drinking age to be present in liquor stores or in bars (usually, the difference between a bar and a restaurant is that food is served only in the latter). Only a few states prohibit minors and young adults from consuming alcohol in private settings. The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism maintains a database that details state-level regulations on consumption and sale age limits.<ref>{{Cite web |title=APIS: State Profiles of Underage Drinking Laws |url=https://alcoholpolicy.niaaa.nih.gov/underage-drinking/state-profiles |access-date=19 October 2019 |publisher=National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism}}</ref> |- |''{{Flag|Puerto Rico}}'' | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18 |Law 118 Penalties for Provision of Alcoholic Beverages to Minors under 18 years of age (1984) |- |''{{Flag|United States Virgin Islands}}'' | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref>{{Cite web |title=Helpful Visitor Information for the Virgin Islands |url=http://www.vinow.com/general_usvi/faq/#drinking |access-date=11 August 2012 |publisher=Vinow.com}}</ref> | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Uruguay}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-03-16 |title=Legisladores quieren prohibir que menores de 18 consuman bebidas alcohólicas |url=https://www.elobservador.com.uy/nota/legisladores-quieren-prohibir-que-menores-de-18-consuman-bebidas-alcoholicas-20173169540 |website=El Observador}}</ref> |Selling alcohol to minors under the age of 18 is prohibited, with fines between 50 and 200 ''Unidades Reajustables'' (UY$ 89,000-355,000 or US$ 2,000-8,000 as of January 2025).<ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-01-11 |title=INAU profundiza fiscalización de venta de alcohol a menores en zonas turísticas |url=https://www.gub.uy/presidencia/comunicacion/noticias/inau-profundiza-fiscalizacion-venta-alcohol-menores-zonas-turisticas |website=Presidencia Uruguay}}</ref> Consumption and purchase by minors is not prohibited. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Venezuela}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="LEY N° 28681">{{Cite web |title=Gaceta Oficial N° 5. 266 Extraordinario de fecha 2 de octubre de 1998: LEY ORGÁNICA PARA LA PROTECCIÓN DEL NIÑO Y DEL ADOLESCENTE |url=https://www.fundacionbengoa.org/lactancia/legal/LOPNA.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191017185041/https://www.fundacionbengoa.org/lactancia/legal/LOPNA.pdf |archive-date=17 October 2019 |access-date=17 October 2019}}</ref> | |} === Amurka === [[Fayil:Underage_consumption_map_2007.gif|center|thumb|Ban da mafi ƙarancin shekaru 21 don shan barasa a Amurka, tun daga 1 ga Janairu 2007]] A Amurka, mafi ƙarancin shekarun doka don siyan abin sha yafi shekaru 21 tun jim kadan bayan wucewar Dokar Ƙananan Shekaru ta Duniya a shekarar 1984. Bambance-bambance guda biyu sune Puerto Rico da Virgin Islands inda shekaru ke 18. Shekarar shan giya ta doka ta bambanta da jihar, kuma jihohi da yawa ba su da bukatun shekaru don kula da shan giya tare da iyayen mutum ko masu kula da doka. Duk da zabe farfado da muhawara ta kasa a shekara ta 2008 game da shekarun shan giya da aka kafa (wanda shugabannin jami'o'i da yawa suka fara), binciken da aka yi a Jami'ar Fairleigh Dickinson ya gano a watan Satumbar 2008 cewa kashi 76% na New Jerseyans sun goyi bayan barin shekarun shan giya a shekara 21.<ref name="publicmind.fdu.edu">{{Cite web |last=William R. Kennedy |date=15 September 2008 |title=New Jersey Residents Say Leave the Drinking Age at 21 – FDU PublicMind – September 15, 2008 |url=http://www.publicmind.fdu.edu/21todrink/ |access-date=2012-07-28 |publisher=Publicmind.fdu.edu}}</ref> Babu wani bambanci mai mahimmanci da ya fito yayin la'akari da jinsi, alaƙar siyasa, ko yanki. Koyaya, iyayen yara ƙanana sun fi tallafawa kiyaye shekaru a 21 (83%) fiye da iyayen ɗaliban kwaleji (67%). <ref name="publicmind.fdu.edu" /> Jihohi goma sha bakwai ([[Arkansas (jiha)|Arkansas]], [[California]], [[Connecticut]], [[Florida]], [[Kentucky]], [[Maryland]], [[Massachusetts]], [[Mississippi (jiha)|Mississippi]], [[Missouri (jiha)|Missouri]], [[Nevada]], [[New Hampshire]], [[New Mexico]], New York, [[Oklahoma]], Rhode Island, South Carolina, da [[Wyoming]]) da [[Washington, D.C.|Gundumar Columbia]] suna da dokoki game da mallakar barasa ta kananan yara, amma ba su hana amfani da shi ta kananan yara ba. Fourteen states ([[Alaska]], [[Colorado]], [[Delaware]], [[Illinois]], [[Louisiana]], [[Maine (Tarayyar Amurka)|Maine]], [[Minnesota]], [[Missouri (jiha)|Missouri]], [[Montana]], [[Ohio (jiha)|Ohio]], [[Oregon]], [[Texas]], [[Wisconsin]], and [[Virginia]]) specifically permit minors to drink alcohol given to them by their parents or by someone entrusted by their parents.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2009}}<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2009)">citation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> Jihohi da yawa suna ba da izinin shan barasa a ƙarƙashin shekaru 21 saboda dalilai na addini ko na kiwon lafiya. [[Puerto Rico]], yankin Amurka, ya ci gaba da shan giya na shekaru 18. Dokokin kwastam na Amurka sun nuna cewa babu wani mutum a karkashin shekaru 21 da zai iya kawo kowane nau'in ko adadin barasa a cikin kasar.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Know Before You Go |url=http://www.cbp.gov/xp/cgov/travel/vacation/kbyg/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101007204857/http://www.cbp.gov/xp/cgov/travel/vacation/kbyg/ |archive-date=7 October 2010 |access-date=2010-10-18 |publisher=Cbp.gov}}</ref> == Asiya == {| class="wikitable sortable" ! rowspan="2" width="100" |Country ! colspan="2" |De jure ! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" |Notes |- ! width="150" |Drinking age ! width="150" |Purchase age |- |{{Flag|Afghanistan}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |Prohibited for all ages<ref>{{Cite web |title=Penal Code (1976), Art 349–352 |url=https://www.refworld.org/pdfid/4c58395a2.pdf |access-date=7 October 2019 |website=Refworld}}</ref> | |- |{{Flag|Armenia}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="ՎԱՐՉԱԿԱՆ ԻՐԱՎԱԽԱԽՏՈՒՄՆԵՐԻ ՎԵՐԱԲԵՐՅԱԼ ՀԱՅԱՍՏԱՆԻ ՀԱՆՐԱՊԵՏՈՒԹՅԱՆ ՕՐԵՆՍԳԻՐՔ" /> | align="center" |18<ref name="ՎԱՐՉԱԿԱՆ ԻՐԱՎԱԽԱԽՏՈՒՄՆԵՐԻ ՎԵՐԱԲԵՐՅԱԼ ՀԱՅԱՍՏԱՆԻ ՀԱՆՐԱՊԵՏՈՒԹՅԱՆ ՕՐԵՆՍԳԻՐՔ">{{Cite web |title=CODE OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA ON ADMINISTRATIVE VIOLATIONS |url=http://www.parliament.am/legislation.php?sel=show&ID=1392&lang=arm |access-date=7 October 2019 |publisher=National Assembly}}</ref> |There are no laws mandating alcohol vendors to ID potential underage drinkers. ID checks are very rarely, if ever, carried out<ref name="ՎԱՐՉԱԿԱՆ ԻՐԱՎԱԽԱԽՏՈՒՄՆԵՐԻ ՎԵՐԱԲԵՐՅԱԼ ՀԱՅԱՍՏԱՆԻ ՀԱՆՐԱՊԵՏՈՒԹՅԱՆ ՕՐԵՆՍԳԻՐՔ" /> Criminal Code the Republic of Armenia (2003), Article 166: "Involvement, by a person who reached 18 years, of a child into regular use of alcohol drinks... is punished with correctional labor for up to 1 year, or with arrest for the term of 1–2 months, or with imprisonment for the term of 5 years" |- |{{Flag|Azerbaijan}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="Sosium – Siqaret qadağası gündəmdə">{{Cite web |title=Sosium – Siqaret qadağası gündəmdə |url=http://archive.bakupost.az/sosium/20131002094909678.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150103171132/http://archive.bakupost.az/sosium/20131002094909678.html |archive-date=3 January 2015 |access-date=22 March 2018 |publisher=bakupost.az}}</ref> | align="center" |18<ref name="Sosium – Siqaret qadağası gündəmdə" /> |Law No. 499-IG on Children's Rights (1998) |- |{{Flag|Bahrain}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |21<ref>{{Cite web |title=I was curious what your drinking age is as well... |url=https://www.tripadvisor.com/FAQ_Answers-g293997-d1509933-t204348-I_was_curious_what_your_drinking_age_is_as_well.html#:~:text=Legal%20drinking%20age%20in%20Bahrain%20is%2021. |access-date=29 October 2020 |website=tripadvisor.com |language=en}}</ref> | |- |{{Flag|Bangladesh}} | style="text-align:center;" |21<ref name="IARD">{{Cite web |date=January 2019 |title=Minimum Legal Age Limits |url=https://www.iard.org/science-resources/detail/Minimum-Legal-Age-Limits |access-date=18 October 2019 |website=IARD}}</ref> | style="text-align:center;" |21 <small>(for non-Muslims and foreigners)<br /><br />(Muslims require medical prescription for purchasing)</small><ref name="auto">{{Cite web |title=Bangladesh Introduces New Alcohol Policy Measures, Including Alcohol Age Limit and Health Warnings |url=https://movendi.ngo/news/2022/02/24/bangladesh-introduces-new-alcohol-policy-measures-including-alcohol-age-limit-and-health-warnings/ |access-date=5 November 2023 |website=Movendi International |language=en-US}}</ref> |In 2021, reforms were introduced to alcohol regulations, for the first time a minimum age was defined, 21 years was chosen. Muslims can consume alcohol if they obtain a medical prescription.<ref name="auto" /> |- |{{Flag|Bhutan}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="bhutan">{{Cite web |title=Rules And Regulations For Establishment And Operation Of Industrial And Commercial Ventures In Bhutan, 1995 |url=https://bhutan.eregulations.org/media/rules%20and%20reg-%20license.pdf |access-date=29 April 2015}}</ref> | |- |{{Flag|Brunei}} | style="text-align:center;" |Prohibited <small>(for Muslims and public consumption)</small><br /><br />17 <small>(for non-Muslims' private residence consumption)</small><ref name="IARD" /> | style="text-align:center;" |Prohibited for all ages<ref name="IARD" /> |Non-Muslims over 17 years of age are allowed to import alcohol not to exceed maximum total volume 2 litres of liquor and 12 cans of beer at 330 mL for personal use, once in 48 hours. This alcohol must be "stored and consumed at the place of residence of the importer" and is "not to be given, transferred or sold to another person.".<ref name="IARD" /> |- |{{Flag|Cambodia}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None |The Health Ministry drafted a law to regulate the sale and consumption of alcohol in June 2015, with emphasis on establishing a minimum legal purchase age of 21 and preventing underage drinking. The draft law has not yet been enacted.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kimmarita |first=Long |title=Groups urge passing of alcohol law be sped up |url=https://www.phnompenhpost.com/national/groups-urge-passing-alcohol-law-be-sped |access-date=18 March 2022 |website=www.phnompenhpost.com |language=en}}</ref> |- |{{Flag|China}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="IARD" /> |Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Minors (2006 Revision) [Revised in 2012]<ref>{{Cite web |title=laws |url=http://www.npc.gov.cn/zgrdw/englishnpc/Law/2007-12/12/content_1383869.htm |access-date=29 October 2020 |website=npc.gov.cn}}</ref> Ministry of Commerce Decree No. 25 (2006) |- |{{Flag|Cyprus}} | align="center" |17<ref name="Drinking age Cyprus">{{Cite web |title=Ο περί Πωλήσεως Οινοπνευματοδών Ποτών Νόμος (ΚΕΦ.144) |url=http://www.cylaw.org/nomoi/enop/non-ind/0_144/full.html |access-date=24 October 2019 |publisher=CyLaw}}</ref> | align="center" |18 |It is prohibited to sell or serve alcohol to anyone under the age of 18 years, and for those under 17 years old to consume alcohol beverages.<ref name="Drinking age Cyprus" /> |- |{{Flag|Georgia|Georgia (country)}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="Georgia" /> | align="center" |18 |Under the Law on Protecting Minors from Harmful Influences 2001 the sale of alcohol beverages to minors is prohibited.<ref name="Georgia" /> Juvenile Justice Code (2015) Article 3 defines minors as those under 18. |- |''{{Flag|Hong Kong}}'' | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18 |Private drinking is also not regulated. |- |{{Flag|India}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18–25 (varies by jurisdiction)<ref name="IARD" /><br /><br />21 is the legal drinking age in the majority of the [[Jihohi a Tarayyar Indiya|states of India]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gaur |first=Shubhank |date=6 March 2017 |title=Legal Drinking Age in India |url=https://mrliquor.in/legal-drinking-age-in-india/ |access-date=7 July 2021 |website=MrLiquor |quote=Most states of India have a minimum drinking age of 21 |archive-date=18 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211118091853/https://mrliquor.in/legal-drinking-age-in-india/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> | 18 in Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Andhra Pradesh, Goa, Himachal Pradesh, Karnataka, Puducherry, Rajasthan, and Sikkim.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 March 2021 |title=Delhi lowers drinking age: What's the age limit to consume alcohol in other states |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/delhi-lowers-drinking-age-whats-the-age-limit-to-consume-alcohol-in-other-states-7240499/ |access-date=21 January 2022 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> 21 in Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Chandigarh, Chhattisgarh, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu, Delhi, Haryana, Jammu and Kashmir, Jharkhand, Kerala, Ladakh, Madhya Pradesh, Mizoram, Odisha, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Tripura, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, and West Bengal. 25 in Maharashtra,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bombay Prohibition Act,1949 |url=https://stateexcise.maharashtra.gov.in/Pdf/Maharashtra_Excise_Manual_Vol-I.pdf}}</ref> Meghalaya and Punjab.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Minimum Legal Age Limits |url=http://iardwebprod.azurewebsites.net/science-resources/detail/Minimum-Legal-Age-Limits |access-date=27 March 2023 |website=International Alliance for Responsible Drinking |language=en}}</ref> Consumption of alcohol is prohibited in the states of Bihar, Gujarat, Lakshadweep, Manipur, and Nagaland. |- |{{Flag|Indonesia}} | colspan="2" align="center" |21<br /><br />Prohibited in Banda Aceh and Papua |Prohibited in Banda Aceh and Papua; 21 elsewhere for both on- and off-premise sale. According to Minister of Trade Regulation No. 20 Year 2014,<ref>{{Cite web |title=JDIHN - Detail Dokumen |url=https://jdihn.go.id/pencarian/detail/563704 |access-date=22 May 2023 |website=jdihn.go.id }}{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Qanun Laws of Aceh No. 6 Year 2014,<ref>{{Cite web |title=JDIHN - Detail Dokumen |url=https://jdihn.go.id/pencarian/detail/1580831 |access-date=22 May 2023 |website=jdihn.go.id }}{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> and Regional Regulation of Papua Province No.15 Year 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |title=PERDA Prov. Papua No. 15 Tahun 2013 tentang Pelarangan Produksi, Pengedaran dan Penjualan Minuman Beralkohol [JDIH BPK RI] |url=https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Home/Details/125461/perda-prov-papua-no-15-tahun-2013 |access-date=22 May 2023 |website=peraturan.bpk.go.id}}</ref> |- |{{Flag|Iran}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |Prohibited for all ages<ref name="IARD" /> |There is a ban on alcohol, but religious minorities may purchase small amounts from shops owned by the same religious minority.<ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Islamic Republic of Iran (the) |url=https://www.who.int/substance_abuse/publications/policy_iran.pdf |publisher=[[World Health Organization]]}}</ref> |- |{{Flag|Iraq}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kathleen Crislip |date=26 June 2019 |title=Alcohol Drinking Ages Around the World |url=https://www.tripsavvy.com/alcohol-drinking-ages-around-the-world-3150465 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210417202421/https://www.tripsavvy.com/alcohol-drinking-ages-around-the-world-3150465 |archive-date=17 April 2021 |access-date=2 January 2021 |website=TripSavvy}}</ref> |There was a proposal of banning alcohol in 2016, but was instead taxed by 200%<ref name="guardian">{{Cite web |date=23 October 2016 |title=Iraq's parliament passes law banning alcohol |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/oct/23/iraqs-parliament-passes-law-banning-alcohol |access-date=5 May 2018 |website=[[TheGuardian.com]]}}</ref> |- |{{Flag|Israel}} | align="center" |No limit in private places, 18 in public spaces | align="center" |18<ref name="IARD" /> |Israel law prohibits selling or serving alcohol to minors. Minors are prohibited to drink alcohol in public places and the police may confiscate alcohol drinks from them. |- |{{Flag|Japan}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |20<ref>{{Cite web |title=Underage Drinking Prohibition Law (Act No. 20 of Taisho 11) |url=https://elaws.e-gov.go.jp/search/elawsSearch/elaws_search/lsg0500/detail?lawId=211AC0000000020 |access-date=18 October 2019 |website=e-gov Japan}}</ref> | |- |{{Flag|Jordan}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18 |Instructions issued by the Ministry of Interior Concerning Liquor Store Permits (2010), Article 6 |- |{{Flag|Kazakhstan}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |21 |Law 235 of 2014 Code of Administrative Offences Section 200 |- |{{Flag|Kuwait}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |Prohibited for all ages<ref name="IARD" /> |Law No. 46 (1964) |- |{{Flag|Kyrgyzstan}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="IARD" /> |Law No.269 Government Regulation of the Production and Sale of Alcohol (2009), Article 13.2 |- |{{Flag|Lebanon}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="IARD" /> |Penal Code (1943), Articles 625–626 (promulgated by Legislative Decree No. 340 (2011) According to a global school health study, 40% of minors over 13 drink alcohol and up to 25% buy it from stores.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 March 2013 |title=Lebanon's underage drinking problem – Executive Magazine |url=http://www.executive-magazine.com/economics-policy/lebanons-underage-drinking-problem |access-date=19 June 2016 |website=Executive Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref> |- |''{{Flag|Macau}}'' | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="IARD" /> |18 |Private drinking is also not regulated. |- |{{Flag|Malaysia}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |Restricted to non-Muslims<br /><br />Prohibited for Muslims<br /><br />21 for non-Muslims<ref name="IARD" /> |Food Act 1983 Food Regulations (1985) Regulation 361 (2014) and Food (Amendment) Regulations 2016 Increased from 18 to 21 in December 2017, effective 16 October 2018. Anyone caught selling to persons under 21 can be fined up to RM10,000 and jailed up to 2 years. Malaysian identity cards display the word "[[Musulunci|ISLAM]]" if the holder is Muslim (and otherwise blank if the holder is non-Muslim) on the bottom right corner, which allows enforcement of the religion-based sales restriction. |- |{{Flag|Maldives}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |Restricted to tourists<br /><br />Prohibited for citizens<br /><br />18 for tourists<ref name="IARD" /> |Sale of alcohol is limited to tourist resorts. It is prohibited to sell alcohol to local Maldivians<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 December 2013 |title=Alcohol in the Maldives |url=http://www.mainlymaldives.co.uk/alcohol-maldives |access-date=7 June 2016 |website=MainlyMaldives.co.uk |archive-date=20 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160820223904/http://www.mainlymaldives.co.uk/alcohol-maldives/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |{{Flag|Mongolia}} | style="text-align:center;" |21 / 18 with parent consent<ref name="who_mongolia">{{Cite web |title=Law to Combat Alcoholism (2000) |url=https://www.legalinfo.mn/law/showPrint/55 |access-date=18 December 2023 |archive-date=1 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101033725/https://www.legalinfo.mn/law/showPrint/55 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | align="center" |21<ref name="who_mongolia" /> |Those under 21 are prohibited from drinking alcohol; parents and guardians are prohibited from supplying alcohol to those under 18. |- |{{Flag|Myanmar}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18 |Child Law (1993) Art 65 Excise Act (1958) Art 40(7) |- |{{Flag|Nepal}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hotel Distribution and Wine Sales Distribution (Control) Act |url=http://www.lawcommission.gov.np/np/archives/category/documents/prevailing-law/statutes-acts/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2-%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE |access-date=19 October 2019 |website=Nepal Law Commission}}</ref> |A policy has reportedly been adopted that would make the legal purchase age 21. However, there are exceptions to underage consumption for purposes of religious ceremonies.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nepal |url=https://iogt.org/news/2017/02/22/nepal-government-adopted-new-alcohol-law/ |access-date=17 October 2019 |publisher=[[IOGT International]]}}</ref> |- |{{Flag|North Korea}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18 | |- |{{Flag|Oman}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |21<ref name="IARD" /> |Residents need personal liquor licenses to consume alcohol in their private residences.<ref name="FCO Oman">{{Cite web |title=Oman |url=https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/oman/local-laws-and-customs |access-date=24 September 2016 |publisher=[[Foreign and Commonwealth Office]]}}</ref> |- |{{Flag|Pakistan}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |Prohibited <small>(for Muslims)</small><br /><br />21 <small>(for non-Muslims)</small> |Prohibited for Muslims. Purchase age for Non-Muslims is 21. |- |{{Flag|Palestine}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |16 |Legal in most cities. |- |{{Flag|Philippines}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18 |Minors (defined as under 18 years old) are prohibited to purchase alcohol and adults are prohibited to purchase or provide alcohol to minors. Minors are not prohibited to consume alcohol. ''Act Regulating the Access of Minors to Alcohol Section 4'' |- |{{Flag|Qatar}} | style="text-align:center;" |Prohibited <small>(for Muslims)</small><br /><br />21 <small>(for non-Muslims)</small> | align="center" |21 |Muslims are allowed to purchase alcohol but not consume it. Only residents with a liquor license from the Qatar Distribution Company (owned by Qatar Airways) are allowed to purchase alcohol outside of hotels and restaurants and must make a minimum of QAR 4000 per month.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Alcohol and Liquor Licences in Qatar - Qatar |url=http://www.angloinfo.com/how-to/qatar/lifestyle/food-drink/liquor-licence |access-date=25 May 2022 |website=Angloinfo |language=en |archive-date=10 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220210193521/https://www.angloinfo.com/how-to/qatar/lifestyle/food-drink/liquor-licence |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |{{Flag|Saudi Arabia}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |Prohibited for all ages<ref name="IARD" /> |Drinking or possessing alcohol is prohibited in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Persons who drink or possess alcohol are subject to arrest and trial. Punishments range from heavy fines, lengthy prison terms and whippings.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rules and laws on drugs and alcohol in Saudi Arabia {{!}} Expatica |url=https://www.expatica.com/sa/living/gov-law-admin/rules-and-laws-on-drugs-and-alcohol-in-saudi-arabia-71303/ |access-date=29 October 2020 |website=Expat Guide to Saudi Arabia {{!}} Expatica |language=en-US}}</ref> |- |{{Flag|Singapore}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<br /><br />18 <small>(at licensed premises)</small> | align="center" |18<ref name=":3" /> |It is prohibited to sell alcohol to those under 18. Anyone caught selling, furnishing or acquiring alcohol in any licensed premise to persons below 18 can be fined up to $10,000. It is also prohibited for minors to purchase, or attempt to purchase alcohol from any licensed premises, in which the minors can also be fined up to $10,000. However, the authorities rarely enforced this on minors. It is technically legal for minors to possess and consume alcohol at home and in public (not in any licensed premises) as there is no law prohibiting it. It is also technically legal for someone to purchase alcohol and pass it to minors outside the store or licensed premise.<ref name=":3" /> |- |{{Flag|South Korea}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |19<ref name="law.go.kr">{{Cite web |title=청소년보호법 |url=http://www.law.go.kr/법령/청소년보호법}}</ref> |The age limit for alcohol is 19 calculated by the year of birth. This means that an 18-year-old will be legally allowed to purchase and consume alcohol if they will be turning 19 that year. For example, two persons born on 1 January 2006 and 31 December 2006 both turned 19 years of age at the same time on 1 January 2025 and hence, both of them are considered to be of legal age to purchase and consume alcohol on and after that date, despite the latter being only 18 years and 1 day old based on western age. The method of calculating the legal age for alcohol slightly differs from Korean age reckoning in which another one year will be added to the person's age, whereas this method only doesn't take into account the month and day of birth but only the year instead.<ref name="law.go.kr" /> On 28 June 2023, the law that requires measuring age in the western way came into force. However, the previous system to determine the age to drink alcohol will be maintained.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Seo |first=Jessie Yeung,Yoonjung |date=28 June 2023 |title=South Koreans become younger overnight after country scraps 'Korean age' |url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/06/27/asia/south-korea-drops-korean-age-intl-hnk/index.html |access-date=28 June 2023 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref> |- |{{Flag|Sri Lanka}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |21 <small>(for men)</small><ref>{{Cite web |title=NATIONAL AUTHORITY ON TOBACCO AND ALCOHOL ACT, No. 27 OF 2006 |url=http://www.nddcb.gov.lk/Docs/acts/NATA%20Act%20English.pdf |access-date=21 October 2019}}</ref><br /><br />prohibited <small>(for women)</small><ref>{{Cite web |date=15 January 2018 |title=Sri Lanka reimposes ban on women buying alcohol – days after it was lifted |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/jan/15/sri-lanka-reimposes-ban-on-women-buying-alcohol-days-after-it-was-lifted |access-date=8 October 2024 |website=The Guardian |agency=Agence France-Presse}}</ref> |Sri Lanka is the only country which has banned the purchase of alcohol based on gender. |- |{{Flag|Syria}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18 | |- |{{Flag|Taiwan}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18 |Parents, guardians, and others taking care of people under 18 shall not supply alcohol to them or risk administrative fines of 10000 to 50000 new Taiwan dollars (Art 55). No person shall supply alcohol to anyone under the age of 18 (Art 91). |- |{{Flag|Tajikistan}} | style="text-align:center;" |None / 20 | align="center" |18<ref name="IARD" /> |Sale to minors under 18 years old is prohibited by Article 12 of Law No. 451 on State Regulation of Production and Turnover of Ethyl Alcohol and Alcohol Products. Parents are required to forbid their children who have not reached age 20 to consume alcohol beverages.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Закон Республики Таджикистан об ответственности родителей за обучение и воспитание детей |url=https://mfa.tj/ru/main/view/3958/zakon-respubliki-tadzhikistan-ob-otvetstvennosti-roditelei-za-obuchenie-i-vospitanie-detei |access-date=21 October 2019}}</ref> |- |{{Flag|Thailand}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |20<ref name="Thai_drinking" /> |The Alcoholic Beverage Control Act of 2008 increased the drinking age in Thailand from 18 to 20, private drinking is not regulated in private locations.<ref name="Thai_drinking">{{Cite web |last=Patin |first=Jennifer |title=Thailand Tourist Information: A Guide to Laws in Thailand |url=http://www.thailawforum.com/tourst-guide-laws-Thailand.html |access-date=8 January 2013 |publisher=Thailand Law Forum}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=ตำกวา 20 ป ไมขายสราให |url=http://www.thaihealth.or.th/Content/25907-%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%2020%20%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B5%20%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%89.html |access-date=28 July 2015 |website=Thaihealth.or.th}}</ref> |- |{{Flag|Turkey}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref>{{Cite web |title=İSPİRTO VE İSPİRTOLU İÇKİLER İNHİSARI KANUNU |url=https://www.mevzuat.gov.tr/MevzuatMetin/1.3.4250.pdf |access-date=22 October 2019}}</ref> | |- |{{Flag|Turkmenistan}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |21<ref name="auto1"/><br /><br />Prohibited in airports and stores |Law on Prevention of the Harmful Impact of Alcohol 2018 Art. 22-2<br /><br />Law no Trade Art. 33<br /><br />Code of Administrative Offences Art. 315, 356 |- |{{Flag|United Arab Emirates}} | style="text-align:center;" |18 in Abu Dhabi<br /><br />21 in most Northern Emirates and Dubai<br /><br />Prohibited in Sharjah<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=United Arab Emirates travel advice – GOVUK |url=https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/united-arab-emirates/local-laws-and-customs |access-date=26 May 2016 |website=gov.uk}}</ref> | align="center" |21<br /><br />Completely prohibited in Sharjah |In November 2020, Drinking became legal in UAE without requiring a license and regardless of the religion.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 November 2020 |title=UAE announces relaxing of Islamic laws for personal freedoms |url=https://apnews.com/article/dubai-united-arab-emirates-honor-killings-travel-islam-bce74c423897dc77c7beb72e4f51a23a |access-date=8 November 2020 |website=AP NEWS}}</ref> Previously, expatriate non-[[Musulmi|Muslim]] residents had to request a liquor permit to purchase alcohol beverages, but it was prohibited for such holders to provide drinks to others.<ref name="Guidelines">{{Cite web |title=International Drinking Guidelines |url=http://www.icap.org/PolicyIssues/DrinkingGuidelines/GuidelinesTable/tabid/204/Default.aspx |access-date=17 February 2009 |publisher=International Center for Alcohol Policies |archive-date=3 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303193941/http://www.icap.org/PolicyIssues/DrinkingGuidelines/GuidelinesTable/tabid/204/Default.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref> The legal age for drinking alcohol is 18 in Abu Dhabi (although a Ministry of Tourism by-law allows hotels to serve alcohol only to those over 21), and 21 in Dubai and the Northern Emirates (except Sharjah, where drinking alcohol is prohibited).<ref name=":0" /> It is a punishable offence to drink, or to be under the influence of alcohol, in public.<ref name=":0" /> |- |{{Flag|Uzbekistan}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |21<ref>{{Cite web |last=UzDaily |title=Uzbekistan bans sale of alcohol and tobacco to people under 21 |url=https://www.uzdaily.uz/en/post/81160 |access-date=5 November 2023 |website=UzDaily.uz |language=ru}}</ref> |In 2023, President Shavkat Mirziyoyev signed a law prohibiting the sale of alcohol and nicotine products to those under 21 years of age, increasing it from 20 years. |- |{{Flag|Vietnam}} | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name="IARD" /> |Decree 94/2012/ND-CP on Liquor Production and Trading (2012), Article 19.7 |- |{{Flag|Yemen}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |Prohibited for all ages<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 April 2017 |title=14 Countries Where Drinking Alcohol Is Illegal |url=https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/14-countries-where-drinking-alcohol-is-illegal.html |website=WorldAtlas}}</ref> |Exception is in Aden Region where it's legal for 21 and up<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 July 2020 |title=Drinking age in Yemen |url=https://drinkingagein.com/yemen |access-date=29 October 2020 |website=Drinking Age in Countries Around the World |language=en |archive-date=18 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211118091848/https://drinkingagein.com/yemen |url-status=dead }}</ref> |} [[Fayil:Konsumverbot.svg|thumb|500x500px|Dokokin da ke hana kananan yara shan barasa a cikin jama'a / masu zaman kansu: Mafi ƙarancin shekaru don shan barasa a jama'a da masu zaman kansu Mafi ƙaranci shekaru don shan giya a cikin jamaʼa Babu mafi ƙarancin shekarun shan barasa a fili ko masu zaman kansu<br />   ]] Yawancin ƙasashe a [[Turai]] sun saita 18 a matsayin mafi ƙarancin shekaru don siyan barasa. Kodayake Austria, [[Beljik|Belgium]], [[Denmark]], [[Jamus]], [[Gibraltar]], [[Liechtenstein]], [[Luksamburg|Luxembourg]], [[Malta]], [[Portugal]] da [[Switzerland]] (sai dai Ticino) suna kula da mafi ƙarancin shekarun sayen ƙasa da shekaru 18, ana ba da izinin yara ko dai cikakke ko iyakance damar samun barasa. A cikin 2005, 2007 da 2015 an tattauna jituwa a matakin [[Tarayyar Turai]] zuwa mafi ƙarancin shekarun sayan 18, amma ba a yarda da shi ba. Lokaci na canje-canje ga shan giya / sayen shekaru ko dokokin da ke hana samun barasa ga yara: * ISanya Sakin layi A cikin 2002 ƙungiyoyin masu cin gashin kansu na Spain Madrid, [145] Valencia [146] da Catalonia [147] sun haɓaka mafi ƙarancin shekarun siyan su zuwa shekaru 18. A baya can, Valencia da Madrid suna da mafi ƙarancin shekarun siyan shekaru 16, kuma a cikin Catalonia ƙananan yara masu shekaru 16 ko 17 na iya siyan barasa har zuwa 23% ABV a kan-da kuma a waje. * A cikin 2002 ƙungiyoyin masu cin gashin kansu na Spain Madrid, [1] Valencia [2] da Catalonia [3] sun haɓaka mafi ƙarancin shekarun siyan su zuwa shekaru 18. A baya can, Valencia da Madrid suna da mafi ƙarancin shekarun siyan shekaru 16, kuma a cikin Catalonia ƙananan yara masu shekaru 16 ko 17 na iya siyan barasa har zuwa 23% ABV akan-da kuma a waje * A cikin 2004 Denmark [1] ta haɓaka shekarun siyan sayayya daga 15 zuwa 16 shekaru. A cikin Nuwamba 2005 Switzerland ta zartar da Dokar Abinci da Kayayyakin Abinci[2] (Jamus: Lebensmittel- und Gebrauchsgegenständeverordnung), gabatar da haramcin siyar da barasa ga duk wanda ke ƙasa da shekaru 16. Dokar Alcohol[3] (Jamus: Alkoholgesetz) da aka wuce a cikin 1980 na ruhin distilled yana buƙatar mafi ƙarancin siyarwar shekaru 8. Saboda haka, an haramta sayar da barasa mai gasa (misali giya, giya, ruwan inabi mai kyalli ko cider) ga duk wanda bai kai shekara 16 ba, da duk wani abin sha na barasa ga duk wanda bai kai shekara 18 ba. Canton Ticino yana da dokar cantonal tun 1989 wanda ke sanya iyakacin shekarun siyan duk abubuwan sha na barasa shekaru 18.[4] * A cikin 2006 al'ummar Spain mai cin gashin kanta Castile da León [1] sun haɓaka mafi ƙarancin shekarun sayan daga shekaru 16 zuwa 18. A ƙarshen 2006, 'yan majalisar Gibraltar [2] sun zartar da Dokar Yara da Matasa (Alcohol, Taba da Wasa) Dokar 2006, wanda ya ɗaga mafi ƙarancin shekarun siye daga 16 zuwa 18 shekaru. Amma sabuwar dokar ta banbanta: ƙananan masu shekaru 16 ko 17 na iya siya da cinye giya, giya ko cider a ƙarƙashin 15% ABV akan ginin, da kwantena da aka riga aka shirya na barasa wanda bai wuce 5.5% ABV (misali alcopops). * A cikin 2009 Faransa [1] ta haɓaka mafi ƙarancin shekarun sayayya zuwa shekaru 18, [2] [3] kuma an ƙara tara tara don siyarwa ko ba da barasa ga ƙarami (har zuwa € 7,500). A baya can, mafi ƙarancin shekaru shine shekaru 16 don kashe-kashe da siyayyar abubuwan sha masu ƙarancin giya (har zuwa 3% ABV) irin su ruwan inabi, giya, cider, perry, mead, crème de cassis da juices daga 'ya'yan itatuwa masu ƙwanƙwasa ko kayan lambu waɗanda ke ɗauke da 1.2 zuwa 3 ° barasa, ruwan inabi mai daɗi na halitta daga noman noma na AB 18 mafi girma. * A cikin Oktoba 2009, gwamnatin Malta[1] ta zartar da sabuwar doka ta haɓaka shekarun sha da sayayya daga shekaru 16 zuwa 17. A cikin 2010 al'ummar Sipaniya mai cin gashin kansa na Galicia sun haɓaka mafi ƙarancin shekarun sayayya daga shekaru 16 zuwa 18.[2] A cikin 2011 Denmark [3] ta zartar da wata doka da ke haɓaka mafi ƙarancin shekaru don siyar da kayan shaye-shaye na> 16.5% ABV zuwa shekaru 18. Matsakaicin shekarun siyan barasa na <16.5% ABV ya rage 16. * A cikin Maris 2012 Moldova ta ɗaga mafi ƙarancin shekarun siyan zuwa 18, daga 16 a baya.[1][2] Italiya ta ɗaga mafi ƙarancin shekarun sayayya daga 16 zuwa 18 a cikin 2012. A baya Italiya ba ta da shekarun siye don siyar da gida ba, kuma mafi ƙarancin shekarun 16 na tallace-tallace kan-gida ba a aiwatar da shi sosai.[3] Tun daga ranar 1 2014, an ɗaga mafi ƙarancin siye da shekarun amfani na doka daga 16 zuwa 18 a cikin Netherlands. A baya matasan da suka haura shekaru 16 suna iya siya da cinye barasa na <15% ABV, kuma waɗanda shekarunsu suka wuce 18 da sama za su iya siyan duk abin sha. * mit is set.<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 March 2015 |title=Las copas saldrán caras a los menores |url=http://www.lne.es/asturias/2015/03/06/copas-saldran-caras-menores/1722639.html |access-date=7 April 2015 |website=lne.es |language=es}}</ref> * A cikin 2013 gwamnatin Portugal ta hana sayar da barasa ga matasa: ba za a iya siyar da ruhohi ba ga kowa da ke ƙasa da shekaru 18, kuma sauran abubuwan sha (misali giya, giya, ko cider) ba za a iya siyar da su ga kowa ba a ƙarƙashin shekarun 16. A baya mafi ƙarancin shekaru ga duk abin sha na barasa shine shekaru 16.[1] Dangane da matsayin 2015, Portugal ta daidaita mafi ƙarancin shekarunta na sha zuwa shekaru 18 a duk nau'ikan abin sha. A baya shekarun sayan ya kasance shekaru 16 don ƙarancin giya kamar giya giyar coder * Tun daga 1 2018, Lithuania ta haɓaka mafi ƙarancin shekarun sha daga 18 zuwa shekaru 20.[1] Daga Janairu 2019 jihohin tarayya na Ostiriya sun yanke shawarar daidaita shekarun sha da sayayya. Jihohin Burgenland, Lower Ostiriya da Vienna don haka sun ɗaga iyakokin shekarun su na barasa mai ɗauke da ruhohi zuwa 18. Kafin 2019 waɗannan jihohin sun cika shekaru 16 na sha da sayayya. A halin yanzu an haramta sayar da giya da giya da sauran abubuwan sha na barasa ga yara da matasa 'yan kasa da shekara 16, kuma an haramta sayar da ruhohi ga yara 'yan kasa da shekaru 18 a duk fadin kasar Austria.[ {| class="wikitable sortable" ! rowspan="3" style="width:12%;" |Country ! rowspan="3" style="width:12%;" |Administrative division ! colspan="4" style="width:20%;" |De jure ! rowspan="3" style="width:56%;" |Notes |- ! colspan="2" style="width:10%;" |Drinking age<ref name="Eyes On Age">{{Cite web |last=drs. J. Mulder, J. de Greeff MSc |title=EYES ON AGES – A research on alcohol age limit policies in European Member States. Legislation, enforcement and research. |url=https://ec.europa.eu/health/sites/health/files/alcohol/docs/eyes_on_ages_report_en.pdf |access-date=28 July 2019 |publisher=Dutch Institute for Alcohol Policy (STAP), European Commission}}</ref> ! colspan="2" style="width:10%;" |Purchase age |- ! style="width:5%;" |Private ! style="width:5%;" |Public ! style="width:5%;" |On-premise ! style="width:5%;" |Off-premise |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Albania}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="albania">{{Cite web |title=LIGJ Nr. 9518, datë 18.4.2006 – PËR MBROJTJEN E TË MITURVE NGA PËRDORIMI I ALKOOLIT [Law 9518 for the protection of minors from the use of alcohol (2006)] Art 4 |url=http://www.ishp.gov.al/wp-content/uploads/2015/ligjet/Per-mbrojtjen-e-te-mitruve-nga-perdorimi-i-alkoolit.pdf |access-date=24 July 2019 |website=ishp.gov.al |language=sq}}</ref> | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name="albania" /> |The sale of alcohol beverage in bars, restaurants or other licensed premises, as well as other points of sale, is prohibited to minors under the age of 18 years. Vendors and operators of licensed premises are required to post a clearly legible notice in A4 format stating "Ndalohet shitja e alkoolit personave nën 18 vjeç" (It is prohibited to sell alcohol beverages to people under 18 years). Consumption by those under age 18 in public places is prohibited.<ref name="albania" /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Andorra}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="andorra" /> | style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="andorra">{{Cite web |title=Reglament pel qual es regulen determinats aspectes de la venda i el consum de begudes alcohòliques |url=http://www.policia.ad/documentacio/venda_consum_begudes.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111128041535/http://www.policia.ad/documentacio/venda_consum_begudes.pdf |archive-date=28 November 2011 |access-date=25 July 2019 |website=policia.ad |language=ca}}</ref> | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="andorra" /> |Selling, serving or supplying alcohol beverages is prohibited as well as public consumption of alcohol beverage by minors under the age of 18 years.<ref name="andorra" /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Austria}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None {{Ana bukatan hujja|date=April 2024}} | colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" |16 ^{(beer, wine and cider)}<br /><br />18 ^{(distilled beverages)}<ref name="austria">{{Cite web |date=4 January 2019 |title=Österreichs digitales Amt: Rauchen und Alkohol |url=https://www.oesterreich.gv.at/themen/jugendliche/jugendrechte/3/Seite.1740250.html |access-date=21 October 2019 |language=de |archive-date=13 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220413224407/https://www.oesterreich.gv.at/themen/jugendliche/jugendrechte/3/Seite.1740250.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> |The age limits are set out by the legislation of each federal state but were harmonized in January 2019.<ref name="austria" /> Carinthia also requires 16-18-year-olds to maintain a blood alcohol level below 0.05%. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Belarus}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="МУС Беларусі прапануе забараніць курэнне і ўжыванне алкаголю для асоб, маладзейшых за 18 гадоў">{{Cite web |title=ЗАКОН РЕСПУБЛИКИ БЕЛАРУСЬ 27 августа 2008 г. № 429-З О государственном регулировании производства и оборота алкогольной, непищевой спиртосодержащей продукции и непищевого этилового спирта |url=http://www.pravo.by/document/?guid=3871&p0=h10800429 |access-date=21 October 2019 |publisher=Национальный правовой Интернет-портал Республики Беларусь}}</ref> | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name="МУС Беларусі прапануе забараніць курэнне і ўжыванне алкаголю для асоб, маладзейшых за 18 гадоў" /> | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Belgium}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="Vente et consommation d'alcool en Belgique" /> | colspan="2" align="center" |18 for distilled beverages of higher than 1.2%ABV and fermented beverages of higher than 22%ABV 16 for other alcohol beverages<ref name="Vente et consommation d'alcool en Belgique">{{Cite web |date=27 January 2016 |title=Alcool |url=https://www.health.belgium.be/fr/sante/prenez-soin-de-vous/alcool-et-tabac/alcool |access-date=21 October 2019 |website=SPF Santé publique |publisher=Service Public Federal |archive-date=19 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220419165748/https://www.health.belgium.be/fr/sante/prenez-soin-de-vous/alcool-et-tabac/alcool |url-status=dead }}</ref> |Since 10 January 2010, it is prohibited to "sell, serve, or offer" any distilled alcohol beverages to those under the age of 18 or any alcohol beverage to those under 16.<ref name="Vente et consommation d'alcool en Belgique" /> Previously, it was prohibited to sell alcohol drinks to under-16s, but accompanying adults could buy drinks for them. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Bosnia and Herzegovina}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="Drinking age Bosnia" /> | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name="Drinking age Bosnia">{{Cite web |title=Prodaja alkoholnih pića osobama mlađim od 18 godina |url=http://novi-informator.net/prodaja-alkoholnih-pi%C4%87-osobama-mla%C4%91im-od-18-godina |access-date=9 January 2015 |publisher=jeunesetalcool.be}}</ref> |Selling alcohol to a minor under the age of 18 years is an offence. The law does not prohibit minors from buying, attempting to buy or consuming alcohol.<ref name="Drinking age Bosnia" /> * Law on Public Peace and Order (2015) Article 25 prohibits providing alcohol beverages to minors. * Law on Internal Trade (2010), Article 10 prohibits the sale in the retail trade of alcohol beverages to persons under 18 years of age. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Bulgaria}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="Деца и юноши под 18 години" /> | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name="Деца и юноши под 18 години">{{Cite web |title=ЗАКОН ЗА ЗАКРИЛА НА ДЕТЕТО |url=https://www.lex.bg/laws/ldoc/2134925825 |access-date=21 October 2019 |publisher=Lex.bg |archive-date=23 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220423195057/https://www.lex.bg/laws/ldoc/2134925825 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=ЗАКОН ЗА ЗДРАВЕТО |url=https://lex.bg/bg/laws/ldoc/2135489147 |access-date=21 October 2019 |website=Lex.bg}}</ref> |It is prohibited to sell or offer alcohol beverages to anyone under the age of 18.<ref name="Деца и юноши под 18 години" /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Croatia}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="Drinking age Croatia" /> | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name="Drinking age Croatia">{{Cite web |title=Zakon o trgovini |url=https://www.zakon.hr/z/175/Zakon-o-trgovini |access-date=24 October 2019 |publisher=zakon.hr}}</ref> |It is prohibited to sell or serve alcohol to anyone under 18 years of age. There is no minimum age to buy or consume alcohol by law.<ref name="Drinking age Croatia" /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Czech Republic}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name=":6" /> |It is prohibited to provide alcohol to minors but consumption itself is not prohibited by law.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |title=Zákon č. 65/2017 Sb. Zákon o ochraně zdraví před škodlivými účinky návykových látek |url=https://www.zakonyprolidi.cz/cs/2017-65 |access-date=24 October 2019}}</ref> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Denmark}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="dansk">{{Cite web |title=Bekendtgørelse af lov om forbud mod salg af tobak og alkohol til personer under 18 år |url=https://www.retsinformation.dk/Forms/R0710.aspx?id=210239 |access-date=24 October 2019 |website=www.retsinformation.dk |language=da}}</ref> | align="center" |18<ref name="dansk" /> | align="center" |16 ^{(beverages of <16.5% ABV)} <br /><br /> 18 ^{(beverages of ≥16.5% ABV)}<ref name="dansk" /> |While there is no age requirement for drinking alcohol beverages in Denmark, there are laws that prohibit minors from buying alcohol from on-premise and off-premise outlets. If a shop or bar fails to ask for an ID card and is identified as having sold alcohol to an underage person, it is subject to a fine. A national ID card, obtained in the local town hall, can serve as age verification.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lov om forbud mod salg af tobak og alkohol til personer under 16 år |url=https://www.retsinformation.dk/Forms/R0710.aspx?id=9878 |access-date=8 January 2013 |language=da}}</ref> This card is rarely used though since a passport or driver's license is more commonly used. Both the legal drinking and purchasing age in the Faroe Islands is 18.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Alcohol |url=https://www.visitfaroeislands.com/plan-your-stay/before-you-arrive-in-the-faroe-islands/alcohol/ |access-date=29 October 2020 |website=Visit Faroe Islands}}</ref> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Estonia}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="estonia">{{Cite web |title=Alkoholiseadus |url=https://www.riigiteataja.ee/akt/832173 |access-date=24 October 2019 |publisher=Riigi Teataja}}</ref> | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="estonia" /> |It is prohibited to sell, serve or supply alcohol beverages to anyone under the age of 18 years. Alcohol found in possession of any child can be confiscated by the police. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Finland}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18 ^{(1.2–22% ABV)}<br /><br />20 ^{(>22% ABV)}<ref name="alkoholilaki">{{Cite web |title=Alkoholilaki |url=https://www.finlex.fi/fi/lainsaadanto/2017/1102 |access-date=18 April 2022}}</ref> | style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="alkoholilaki" /> | style="text-align:center;" |18 ^{(1.2–22% ABV)}<br /><br />20 ^{(>22% ABV)}<ref name="alkoholilaki" /> |All major grocery chains have implemented a policy to ask for ID if the customer looks under 30.<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 October 2012 |title=If you look under 30, get your ID out |url=http://yle.fi/uutiset/if_you_look_under_30_get_your_id_out/6333481 |access-date=21 April 2013 |publisher=YLE News}}</ref> Stores may refuse to sell alcohol if the customer is accompanied by a minor, or if proxy purchasing is suspected. Purchasing alcohol on behalf of a minor is a criminal offence.<ref name="alkoholilaki" /> Police may search minors in public places and confiscate or destroy any alcohol beverages in their possession. Incidents are reported to the legal guardian and child protective services, who may intervene with child welfare procedures. In addition, those aged 15 or above are subject to a fine.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Laki rikesakkorikkomuksista 756/2010 – Ajantasainen lainsäädäntö – FINLEX ® |url=https://www.finlex.fi/fi/lainsaadanto/2010/756 |access-date=28 July 2015}}</ref> In private, offering alcohol to a minor is considered a criminal offence if it results in drunkenness and the act can be deemed reprehensible as a whole, considering the minor's age, degree of maturity and other circumstances.<ref name="alkoholilaki" /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|France}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None, minors are under parental authority up to 18 years old, and the parent must even remain present if they offer alcohol to their child under the age of 16. In addition, making a minor drink until intoxication is an offense.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Prévention de l'alcoolisme - Service-public.fr |url=http://vosdroits.service-public.fr/particuliers/F20104.xhtml |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100221144728/http://vosdroits.service-public.fr/particuliers/F20104.xhtml |archive-date=2010-02-21}}</ref> | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name="SantePublique2">{{Cite web |title=Code de la santé publique – Article L3353-3 |url=http://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichCodeArticle.do;jsessionid=18ED9AC9EF67D77F5A2C0373B8E6B783.tpdjo08v_1?cidTexte=LEGITEXT000006072665&idArticle=LEGIARTI000020895230&dateTexte= |access-date=24 October 2019 |website=Legifrance}}</ref> |[[Faransa|France]] has no explicitly stated consumption age, but selling alcohol beverages to a minor (under 18) is prohibited and can be fined 7500 euros.<ref name="SantePublique2" /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Germany}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | colspan="3" align="center" |14 ^{(beer, wine and cider if accompanied)}<br /><br />16 ^{(beer, wine and cider)}<br /><br />18 ^{(spirits and foods containing spirits above negligible amounts)} |It is prohibited to sell, serve or supply fermented alcohol beverages (beer, wine, cider and sparkling wine) to anyone under 16 years of age. However this age limit drops down to 14 if a minor is accompanied by a parent or legal guardian. It is generally prohibited to serve, sell or supply any beverage containing spirits and foods containing spirits above negligible amounts, to anyone under the age of 18 years. Violation of the "Protection of Young Persons Act" can be punished with imprisonment up to 10 years.<br /><br /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Gibraltar}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="Gibraltar" /> | align="center" |16 ^{(beer, wine and cider)}<br /><br />18 ^(spirits)<ref name="Gibraltar" /> | align="center" |18<ref name="Gibraltar" /> |It is prohibited to sell alcohol drinks to anyone under the age of 18, other than the following two exceptions. The minimum age to be served in licensed premises is 16 if: * The alcohol beverage is beer, wine or cider below 15% ABV, '''or''' * The alcohol beverage is served in a bottle, or a pre-packaged container below 5.5% ABV. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Greece}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="ΦΕΚ A 262/2008" /> | align="center" |18<ref name="ΦΕΚ A 262/2008" /> | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name="ΦΕΚ A 262/2008">{{Cite web |date=23 December 2008 |title=ΝΟΜΟΣ 3730/2008 ΦΕΚ Με τις τελευταίες αλλαγές από το Νόμο 4633/2019 |url=https://www.kodiko.gr/nomologia/document_navigation/141125/nomos-3730-2008 |access-date=24 October 2019 |website=Kodiko.gr}}</ref> |In 2008, the consumption of alcohol beverages was prohibited for minors in public. However, the law does not apply to private events or private premises.<ref name="ΦΕΚ A 262/2008" /> However, the law is rarely enforced with authorities reporting high numbers of teen alcohol consumption yearly. ID checks are rare. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Hungary}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="IARD"/> | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="IARD" /> | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Iceland}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | colspan="2" align="center" |20<ref>{{Cite web |title=Áfengislög |url=https://www.althingi.is/altext/stjt/1998.075.html |access-date=23 October 2019}}</ref> |Possession or consumption of alcohol by people under the age of 20 is not an offence, but police will contact parents of those under 18 and send a report to the child protection agency, supplying them with alcohol is an offence. Drinking in public is prohibited, though this is rarely enforced in public places. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Ireland}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="Ireland">{{Cite web |title=At what age can I? |url=http://www.citizensinformation.ie/en/reference/checklists/checklist_at_what_age_can_i.html |access-date=28 February 2017 |website=citizensinformation.ie |language=en |archive-date=28 December 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101228220852/http://www.citizensinformation.ie/en/reference/checklists/checklist_at_what_age_can_i.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> | align="center" |18<ref name="Ireland" /> | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name="Ireland" /> |It is prohibited for minors to buy alcohol or for a third party to attempt to buy it for minors. Minors are prohibited to drink in private residences unless it is with their parent or guardian's permission.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 March 2012 |title=Alcohol and the law |url=http://www.citizensinformation.ie/en/justice/criminal_law/criminal_offences/alcohol_and_the_law.html |access-date=11 August 2012 |publisher=Citizensinformation.ie}}</ref> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Italy}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="Trova Norme & Concorsi – Normativa Sanitaria" /> | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name="Trova Norme & Concorsi – Normativa Sanitaria" /> |In 2012 the then Health Minister Renato Balduzzi proposed to raise the age to 18.<ref name="Trova Norme & Concorsi – Normativa Sanitaria">{{Cite web |last=Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato S.p.A. |title=Trova Norme & Concorsi – Normativa Sanitaria |url=http://www.trovanorme.salute.gov.it/norme/dettaglioAtto.spring?id=43801&completo=true |access-date=28 July 2015}}</ref> Selling alcohol to those under the age of 18 in shops carries a fine between €250 and €1000. Serving alcohol beverages to those under the age of 16 is a criminal offense and is punished with prison up to one year, if the individual is 16 or 17 it will be treated as an offense that is fined between €250 and €1000 ''(Legge n. 189/2013)''. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Kosovo}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref>{{Cite web |title=LIGJI NR. 04/L-121 PËR MBROJTJEN E KONSUMATORIT |url=https://gzk.rks-gov.net/ActDocumentDetail.aspx?ActID=2853 |access-date=18 December 2023 |website=gzk.rks-gov.net}}</ref> | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Latvia}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="Alkoholisko dzērienu aprites likums" /> | colspan="2" align="center" |18 |It is prohibited to sell or serve alcohol beverages to any minor under the age of 18 years. Persons between the ages of 18 and 25 are required to present an identity document to the retailer when purchasing alcoholic beverages, regardless of whether the retailer has requested it. There is no minimum age to consume or possess alcohol.<ref name="Alkoholisko dzērienu aprites likums" /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Liechtenstein}} | colspan="4" align="center" |18 ^{(spirits and spirit-based beverages)} 16 ^{(other alcohol beverages)}<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |title=Kinder- und Jugendgesetz (KJG) vom 10. Dezember 2008 |url=https://www.gesetze.li/chrono/2009029000 |access-date=23 October 2019}}</ref> |Spirits and alcopops may be sold only to people at least 18, and other alcohol beverages to people at least 16. Consumption and possession is prohibited at the same ages. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Lithuania}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |20 | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |20<ref name="Seimas adopted amendments on reduction of alcohol consumption" /> |It is prohibited to sell, serve or supply alcohol beverages to anyone under the age of 20 years. People under the age of 20 are prohibited from consuming alcohol beverages or from possessing them. The minimum age was raised from 18 to 20 in 2018.<ref name="Seimas adopted amendments on reduction of alcohol consumption" /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Luxembourg}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="Loi du 22 décembre 2006 portant interdiction de la vente de boissons alcooliques à des mineurs de moins de seize ans." /> | colspan="2" align="center" |16<ref name="Loi du 22 décembre 2006 portant interdiction de la vente de boissons alcooliques à des mineurs de moins de seize ans.">{{Cite web |date=29 September 2006 |title=RECUEIL DE LEGISLATION – A –– N° 237 29 décembre 2006 |url=http://legilux.public.lu/eli/etat/leg/loi/2006/12/22/n11/jo |access-date=23 October 2019 |publisher=legilux.public.lu}}</ref> |It is prohibited to sell or serve alcohol beverages of >1.2% ABV to any person under the age of 16 years. Violation is fined €251 to €1,000.<ref name="Loi du 22 décembre 2006 portant interdiction de la vente de boissons alcooliques à des mineurs de moins de seize ans." /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Malta}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="malta" /> | align="center" |17<ref name="malta" /> | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |17<ref name="malta">{{Cite web |title=CAP 10 Code of Police Laws |url=http://www.justiceservices.gov.mt/DownloadDocument.aspx?app=lom&itemid=8575 |access-date=23 October 2019 |publisher=justiceservices.gov.mt}}</ref> |Must provide identification upon request. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Moldova}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="LEGE Nr. 1100">{{Cite web |date=15 October 2010 |title=LEGE Nr. 1100 din 30.06.2000 cu privire la fabricarea şi circulaţia alcoolului etilic şi a producţiei alcoolice – Art. 30 |url=http://lex.justice.md/viewdoc.php?action=view&view=doc&id=334893&lang=1 |access-date=22 March 2018 |publisher=lex.justice.md |archive-date=7 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220507155230/http://lex.justice.md/viewdoc.php?action=view&view=doc&id=334893&lang=1 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name="LEGE Nr. 1100" /> |It is prohibited to sell, or serve alcohol beverages to anyone under the age of 18 years. It is not prohibited for minors to buy, attempt to buy or consume alcohol.<ref name="LEGE Nr. 1100" /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Montenegro}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:Gainsboro" |None | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="IARD" /> | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Netherlands}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Drank- en Horecawet |url=https://wetten.overheid.nl/BWBR0002458/2017-12-31 |access-date=23 October 2019 |website=wetten.nl}}</ref> | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name=":4" /> |The legal age for purchase and consumption of alcohol beverages was raised from 16 to 18 in 2014. Selling alcoholic beverages to people under 18 is prohibited, while buying alcoholic beverages for someone else under the age of 18 is also prohibited.<ref name=":4" /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|North Macedonia}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="northernmacedonia" /> | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="northernmacedonia">{{Cite web |title=Закон за трговија |url=https://www.pravdiko.mk/zakon-za-trgovija/ |access-date=23 October 2019 |publisher=pravdiko.mk |archive-date=21 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220421103314/https://www.pravdiko.mk/zakon-za-trgovija/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Norway}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 October 1996 |title=Proposition to Odelstinget rejecting the idea of holding minors criminally responsible for the purchase or consumption of alcohol |url=http://www.regjeringen.no/nb/dep/aid/dok/regpubl/otprp/19961997/Otprp-nr-7-1996-97-/16/3.html?id=299088 |access-date=20 June 2009 |publisher=Regjeringen.no}}</ref> | colspan="2" align="center" |18 ^{(<22% ABV)} <br /><br /> 20 ^{(≥22% ABV)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lov om omsetning av alkoholholdig drikk m.v. (alkoholloven) – Lovdata |url=https://lovdata.no/dokument/NL/lov/1989-06-02-27 |website=lovdata.no}}</ref>} |Alcohol possessed by minors may be confiscated as evidence. Drinking in public is prohibited, though this is rarely enforced in recreational areas. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Poland}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="tekst jednolity: Dz. U. 2002 r. Nr 147 poz. 1231" /> | align="center" |None ^{(within designated drinking zones)}<br /><br />Prohibited ^(elsewhere) | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name="tekst jednolity: Dz. U. 2002 r. Nr 147 poz. 1231">{{Cite web |title=Ustawa z dnia 26 października 1982 r. o wychowaniu w trzeźwości i przeciwdziałaniu alkoholizmowi |url=http://prawo.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/DocDetails.xsp?id=WDU19820350230 |access-date=23 October 2019 |website=ISAP – Internetowy System Aktów Prawnych |language=pl}}</ref> |Article 15 of The Act on Upbringing in Sobriety and Counteracting Alcoholism<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Act on Upbringing in Sobriety and Counteracting Alcoholism. |url=http://www.parpa.pl/download/ustawaang.pdf |access-date=10 July 2016 |language=en}}</ref> prohibits sale or serving of alcohol beverages to anyone under 18 and that if doubt exists as to age, sellers/servers should require ID as proof of age. Drinking in public places, with the exception of designated drinking zones, is prohibited regardless of age. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Portugal}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="1 de Julho: nova legislação sobre o álcool e a vacina Prevenar em vigor" /> | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name="1 de Julho: nova legislação sobre o álcool e a vacina Prevenar em vigor">{{Cite web |title=MINISTÉRIO DA SAÚDE Decreto-Lei n.º 106/2015 de 16 de junho |url=http://www.sicad.pt/PT/FNAS/Documents/DL_106_2015.pdf |access-date=23 October 2019 |language=pt |archive-date=14 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220414230549/https://www.sicad.pt/PT/FNAS/Documents/DL_106_2015.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> | align="center" | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Romania}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="romania" /> | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name="romania">{{Cite web |date=June 2011 |title=Legea nr. 61/1991 (Actualizata 2008), pentru sanctionarea faptelor de incalcare a unor norme de convietuire sociala, a ordinii si linistii publice |url=http://www.euroavocatura.ro/legislatie/853/Legea_61_1991__republicata_2011_,_pentru_sanctionarea_faptelor_de_incalcare_a_unor_norme_de_convietuire_sociala,_a_ordinii_si_linistii_publice |access-date=23 October 2019 |language=ro}}</ref> |Whoever offers or supplies alcohol beverages to a child under the age of 14 years in an amount which is resulting death to one is punished with imprisonment for 3 to 12 years. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Russia}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref>{{Cite web |title=Федеральный закон от 22.11.1995 N 171-ФЗ (ред. от 01.05.2019) "О государственном регулировании производства и оборота этилового спирта, алкогольной и спиртосодержащей продукции и об ограничении потребления (распития) алкогольной продукции" |url=https://legalacts.ru/doc/171_FZ-o-gosudarstvennom-regulirovanii-proizvodstva-i-oborota-jetilovogo-spirta_-alkogolnoj-i-spirtosoderzhawej-produkcii/ |access-date=23 October 2019 |language=ru}}</ref> |The legal purchase age limits are 18. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|San Marino}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |16<ref name="IARD" /> |Criminal Code Article 165 |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Serbia}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18 |Possession of alcohol is regulated by Article 23 of Consumer protection law which prohibits selling, serving and giving alcohol to a person under the age of 18.<ref name=":7">{{Cite web |title=Закон о заштити потрошача: ("Sl. glasnik RS", br. 88/2021-3) |trans-title=Consumer protection law |url=https://www.pravno-informacioni-sistem.rs/SlGlasnikPortal/eli/rep/sgrs/skupstina/zakon/2021/88/1/reg |access-date=22 October 2019 |website=Правно информациони систем}}</ref> However, the law is loosely enforced. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Slovakia}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18 | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Slovenia}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="slovenia" /> | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name="slovenia">{{Cite web |title=Zákon o ochrane pred zneužívaním alkoholických nápojov a o zriaďovaní a prevádzke protialkoholických záchytných izieb |url=http://www.nalijem.si/o-alkoholu/alkohol-in-zakoni |access-date=9 January 2015}}</ref> | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Spain}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref>{{Cite web |title=Alcohol and youth – Legislation |url=http://www.mscbs.gob.es/alcoholJovenes/legislacion/legislacionEstatal.htm |access-date=22 October 2019 |website=Ministry of Health, Social Services and Equality}}</ref> |Autonomous region Balearic Islands does not have legislation on legal purchase age limits.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=June 2024}}<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)">citation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Sweden}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="swe2010" /><ref name="sweden">{{Cite web |title=Systembolaget FAQ: Why is there an 18-year age limit on the pub but a 20-year age limit for Systembolaget? |url=https://vanligafragor.systembolaget.se/org/systembolaget/d/varfor-ar-det-18-arsgrans-pa-restaurang-och-krogen/ |access-date=22 October 2019 |website=Systembolaget |publisher=Systembolaget.se |archive-date=31 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220331115214/https://vanligafragor.systembolaget.se/org/systembolaget/d/varfor-ar-det-18-arsgrans-pa-restaurang-och-krogen/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> | align="center" |None under 2.25% ABV 20<ref name="swe2010" /> 18 ^{(beer, above 2.25% ABV and below or equal to 3.5% ABV)} | It is legal for anyone at any age to drink,<ref>{{Cite web |title=ÄR DET OLAGLIGT ATT DRICKA ALKOHOL OM MAN ÄR UNDER 18 ÅR? |trans-title=IS IT ILLEGAL TO DRINK ALCOHOL IF YOU ARE UNDER 18 YEARS OLD? |url=https://lawline.se/answers/ar-det-olagligt-att-dricka-alkohol-om-man-ar-under-18-ar |access-date=6 May 2022 |website=lawline |language=sv}}</ref> but off-premise sale or supply to anyone under the age of 20 is prohibited and on-premise establishments are prohibited from serving alcohol beverages to anyone under 18. It is legal to serve an underage person alcohol in a private place, provided it's a limited amount and done in moderation.<ref name="swe2010">{{Cite web |title=3 Kap. 7§ Alkohollag (2010:1622) |url=https://www.riksdagen.se/sv/dokument-lagar/dokument/svensk-forfattningssamling/alkohollag-20101622_sfs-2010-1622 |access-date=27 June 2018}}</ref> The reason for the lower limit in bars than in Systembolaget shops is that bartenders have a legal responsibility for how drunk a guest gets.<ref name="sweden" /> Class II beer (up to 3.5% ABV), called folköl ("people's beer"), is sold in regular stores, but with the minimum purchase age of 18.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Langning av alkohol - lagar och fakta |url=https://polisen.se/lagar-och-regler/lagar-och-fakta-om-brott/langning-av-alkohol/ |access-date=31 July 2023 |website=Polismyndigheten |language=sv}}</ref> Class I beer (2.25% ABV and under) has no age restriction. |- | rowspan="2" |{{Flag|Switzerland}} |{{Flag|Switzerland}} (federal law) | colspan="2" rowspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | colspan="2" align="center" |16 ^{(fermented beverages with up to 15% ABV and natural wines with up to 18% ABV)}<ref>{{Cite web |title=817.02 Lebensmittel- und Gebrauchsgegenständeverordnung Art. 11 |url=http://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20050153/index.html#a11 |access-date=9 January 2015 |publisher=admin.ch}}</ref><br /><br /> 18 ^(spirits)<ref>{{Cite web |title=680 Bundesgesetz über die gebrannten Wasser Art. 41 IV. 1. i. |url=http://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/19320035/index.html#a41 |access-date=9 January 2015 |publisher=admin.ch}}</ref> |Whoever offers or supplies alcohol beverages to a child under the age of 16 years in an amount which is harmful to one's health is punished with imprisonment up to 3 years or a fine.<ref>{{Cite web |title=311.0 Schweizerisches Strafgesetzbuch vom 21. Dezember 1937 (Stand am 1. Januar 2015) – Art. 411 |url=https://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/19370083/201501010000/311.0.pdf |access-date=9 August 2015 |website=admin.ch |publisher=Swiss Federal Council |language=de}}</ref> Whoever sells or supplies spirits to a person under the age of 18 years is punished with a fine up to 10,000 CHF.<ref>{{Cite web |title=680 Bundesgesetz vom 21. Juni 1932 über die gebrannten Wasser (Alkoholgesetz) – Art. 57 |url=https://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/19320035/index.html#a57 |access-date=9 August 2015 |website=admin.ch |publisher=Swiss Federal Council |language=de}}</ref> |- |{{Flag|Ticino}} | colspan="2" align="center" |18 |Canton Ticino prohibits the selling of any type of alcohol beverage to minors under the age of 18.<ref>{{Cite web |title=RL 942.100 Legge sugli esercizi alberghieri e sulla ristorazione del 1° giugno 2010 (stato 15 giugno 2017) – art. 23 cpv. 1 lit. a |url=https://www3.ti.ch/CAN/RLeggi/public/index.php/raccolta-leggi/pdfatto/atto/628 |access-date=2 March 2019 |website=ti.ch |language=it}}</ref> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Ukraine}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="IARD" /> |Law No. 1824-VI on state regulation of production and turnover of ethyl, cognac and fruit, alcoholic beverages and tobacco products Article 15-3 |- | rowspan="4" |{{Flag|United Kingdom}} |{{Flag|England}} <br /><br /> {{Flag|Wales}} | colspan="2" align="center" |5<ref name="cypa">{{Cite web |title=section 5, Children and Young Persons Act 1933 |url=https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Geo5/23-24/12/section/5 |access-date=13 June 2024 |website=[[Legislation.gov.uk]]}}</ref><br /><br />On licensed premises: 18<ref name="s146LA">{{Cite web |title=section 146, Licensing Act 2003 |url=https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2003/17/section/146 |access-date=13 June 2024 |website=[[Legislation.gov.uk]]}}</ref><br /><br />or 16 ^{(for beer, wine or cider with a table meal and if accompanied by adult)}<ref name="s150LA">{{Cite web |title=section 150 Licensing Act 2003 |url=https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2003/17/section/150 |access-date=13 June 2024 |website=[[Legislation.gov.uk]]}}</ref> | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name="uk">{{Cite web |title=Licensing Act 2003 |url=http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2003/17/contents |access-date=22 October 2019}}</ref> | * It is prohibited to give a child under the age of 5 alcohol, unless for medical reasons.<ref name="cypa" /> * It is prohibited to sell alcoholic beverages to anyone under the age of 18,<ref name="s146LA" /> but 16-17 year olds may consume beer, wine, or cider on licensed premises when at a table meal with an adult who is accompanying them.<ref name="s150LA" /> * It is not illegal for under 18s to possess or consume alcohol, but the police can confiscate alcohol from under 18s in public.<ref name="CAYPA97">{{Cite web |title=Confiscation of Alcohol (Young Persons) Act 1997 |url=https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1997/33 |access-date=13 June 2024 |website=[[Legislation.gov.uk]]}}</ref> * Import: People over 17 are entitled to a duty-free allowance for alcohol beverages.<ref name="UK Duty Free">{{Cite web |title=Bringing goods into the UK – 3. Arrivals from outside the EU |url=https://www.gov.uk/duty-free-goods/arrivals-from-outside-the-eu |access-date=17 June 2017 |website=gov.uk}}</ref> |- |{{Flag|Scotland}} | align="center" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="S102LSA">{{Cite web |title=section 102, Licensing (Scotland) Act 2005 |url=https://www.legislation.gov.uk/asp/2005/16/section/102 |access-date=13 June 2024 |website=[[Legislation.gov.uk]]}}</ref><ref name="S104ALSA">{{Cite web |title=section 104A, Licensing (Scotland) Act 2005 |url=https://www.legislation.gov.uk/asp/2005/16/section/104A |access-date=13 June 2024 |website=[[Legislation.gov.uk]]}}</ref><br /><br />16 ^{(beer, wine, cider or perry with a meal if purchased by an adult aged 18 or older)}<ref name="s104BLSA">{{Cite web |title=section 104B, Licensing (Scotland) Act 2005 |url=https://www.legislation.gov.uk/asp/2005/16/section/104B |access-date=13 June 2024 |website=[[Legislation.gov.uk]]}}</ref> | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name="scotland">{{Cite web |title=Alcohol and young people – GOV.UK |url=https://www.gov.uk/alcohol-young-people-law |access-date=22 October 2019 |website=gov.uk}}</ref> | * It is prohibited to sell alcoholic beverages to persons under the age of 18,<ref name="S104ALSA" /> and liqueur confectionery to persons under the age of 16.<ref name="s104">{{Cite web |title=section 104, Licensing (Scotland) Act 2005 |url=https://www.legislation.gov.uk/asp/2005/16/section/104 |access-date=13 June 2024 |website=[[Legislation.gov.uk]]}}</ref> * The police can confiscate alcohol from those below the drinking age in public.<ref>{{Cite web |title=section 61, Crime and Punishment (Scotland) Act 1997 |url=https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1997/48/section/61 |access-date=13 June 2024 |website=[[Legislation.gov.uk]]}}</ref> Those aged 16–17 may consume beer, wine, cider, or perry on licensed premises with a meal.<ref name="s104BLSA" /> * Import: People over 17 are entitled to a duty-free allowance for alcoholic beverages.<ref name="UK Duty Free" /> |- |{{Flag|Northern Ireland|}} | align="center" |14<ref name="CYPANI">{{Cite web |title=section 25, Children and Young Persons Act (Northern Ireland) 1968 |url=https://www.legislation.gov.uk/apni/1968/34/section/25 |access-date=13 June 2024 |website=[[Legislation.gov.uk]]}}, with [https://www.legislation.gov.uk/apni/1968/34/section/180 s180]</ref> | align="center" |18<ref name="A60LNIO">{{Cite web |title=article 60, Licensing (Northern Ireland) Order 1996 |url=https://www.legislation.gov.uk/nisi/1996/3158/article/60 |access-date=13 June 2024 |website=[[Legislation.gov.uk]]}}</ref> | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name="A60LNIO" /> | * It is illegal for persons under 14 to be given alcohol, and then only for medical purposes.<ref name="CYPANI" /> * It is prohibited to sell, serve, or offer alcohol beverages to anyone under the age of 18. Minors are prohibited to consume alcohol beverages in public<ref name="A60LNIO" /> and the police can confiscate alcohol from under 18s in public.<ref name="CAYPA97" /> |- | colspan="5" |{{Flag|United Kingdom}} |Under the BBPA's Challenge 21 and Challenge 25 schemes, customers attempting to buy alcohol beverages are asked to prove their age if in the retailer's opinion they look under 21<ref>{{Cite web |title=Challenge 21 |url=https://beerandpub.com/campaigns/challenge-21/ |website=British Beer and Pub Association}}</ref> (or optionally 25) even though the law states they must be a minimum of 18. Many supermarket and off-licence chains display Challenge 21 (or Challenge 25) notices stating that they will not serve people who look under 21 (or 25) without ID. |} == Oceania == {| class="wikitable sortable" ! rowspan="2" style="width:12%;" |Kasar ! rowspan="2" style="width:12%;" |Jiha / yanki / lardin&#x2009;&#x2009; ! colspan="2" style="width:20%;" |De jure ! rowspan="2" style="width:56%;" |Bayani |- ! style="width:10%;" |Shekarar shan giya ! style="width:10%;" |Shekarar sayarwa |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Australia}} | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name="IARD"/> |Duk jihohi sun ƙuntata sayayya zuwa sama da 18, amma banbanci na iya amfani idan yana tare da iyaye ko mai kula. Gidan yanar gizon Dokar Matasa ta Australia da gwamnati ke tallafawa yana ba da cikakkun bayanai game da amfani da iyakar shekarun samarwa ta jihar.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Teen issues: Alcohol |url=https://yla.org.au/nsw/topics/teen-issues/alcohol/ |access-date=17 October 2019 |website=Youth Law Australia |publisher=Department of Health Victoria}}</ref>  |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Fiji}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="Fiji">{{Cite web |date=1 August 2018 |title=Liquor Act 2006 |url=https://www.laws.gov.fj/Acts/DisplayAct/273 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191017200211/https://www.laws.gov.fj/Acts/DisplayAct/273 |archive-date=17 October 2019 |access-date=17 October 2019 |publisher=Fijitimes.com}}</ref> |Shekarar shan giya a baya ta kasance 21 amma an saukar da ita zuwa 18 a cikin 2009.<ref name="Fiji" /> |- |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Kiribati}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |21<ref name="auto1"/> |Dokar giya 1973 Art 11 Dokar giya (Gwamma) 12-2005 Art 27 Abin sha (Gwamma) Dokar 12-2005 Art 27 |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Marshall Islands}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |21<ref name="auto1" /> |Dokar Kula da Abin sha ta 1971 Art 111 (i) Dokar Ƙuntataccen Abin sha ta 1994 Art 202 (1) Dokar Ƙuntata barasa ta 1994 Art 202 (1) |- | rowspan="2" |{{Flag|Micronesia, Federated States of}} | {{Flag|Chuuk}}<br />{{Flag|Kosrae}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18 | |- | {{Flag|Pohnpei}}<br />{{Flag|Yap}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |21 | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Nauru}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |21<ref name="auto1" /> |Dokar Abincin 1967 Art 33 |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|New Zealand}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |Babu | style="text-align:center;" |18<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sale and Supply of Alcohol Act 2012 |url=https://www.alcohol.org.nz/management-laws/nz-alcohol-laws/sale-and-supply-of-alcohol-act-2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191107224304/https://www.alcohol.org.nz/management-laws/nz-alcohol-laws/sale-and-supply-of-alcohol-act-2012 |archive-date=7 November 2019 |access-date=17 October 2019 |publisher=alcohol.org.nz}}</ref> |Mafi ƙarancin shekaru ya shafi abin sha tare da 1.15% ABV ko sama da haka; babu ƙuntatawa akan abin sha ƙasa da 1.15%.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 July 2011 |title=2 Interpretation – Sale of Liquor Act 1989 No 63 (as at 01 July 2011), Public Act – New Zealand Legislation Online |url=http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/1989/0063/latest/DLM165121.html#DLM165121 |access-date=8 January 2013 |publisher=Parliamentary Counsel Office}}</ref> Mutanen da ba su kai shekara 18 ba na iya shan giya a waje da gidaje masu zaman kansu ko ayyuka masu zaman kansu idan suna tare da iyayensu ko mai kula da su. Ana iya ba da barasa ga yara ne kawai ta hanyar, ko kuma tare da yardar da ta dace daga, iyayensu ko mai kula da su.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The law about supply to young people |url=http://alcohol.org.nz/help-advice/advice-on-alcohol/for-parents/the-law-about-supply-to-young-people |access-date=30 April 2016 |publisher=Alcohol.org.nz}}</ref><br /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Palau}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |21<ref name="Palau Alcoholic Beverage Control Act">{{Cite web |title=Alcoholic Beverage Control Act – § 1068. Sale or distribution to minors; purchase, possession, or consumption by minors. |url=http://www.paclii.org/pw/legis/consol_act/babrt11389/ |access-date=22 March 2018 |publisher=Pacific Islands Legal Information Institute |archive-date=7 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220507155230/http://www.paclii.org/pw/legis/consol_act/babrt11389/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |An haramta sayar da ko ba da duk wani abin sha ga mutumin da bai kai shekara 21 ba. Yara na iya samun damar shiga mashaya ko wuraren lasisi ne kawai idan suna tare da iyaye ko mai kula da doka. Yara masu sayarwa, cinyewa ko ƙoƙarin sayen barasa suna aikata laifi. Dokar ta ba da banda ga shan barasa ta yara a matsayin wani ɓangare na bikin da aka amince da shi ta addini.<ref name="Palau Alcoholic Beverage Control Act" /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Papua New Guinea}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="postcourier.com.pg">{{Cite web |date=13 March 2017 |title=Underage drinking is a public health problem |url=https://postcourier.com.pg/underage-drinking-is-a-public-health-problem/ |access-date=29 October 2020 |website=Post Courier |language=en-US}}</ref> |An haramta wa ƙarami sayen, cinyewa ko ƙoƙarin siyan abin sha. Duk wanda ke da lasisi dole ne ya tabbatar da cewa abokin ciniki wanda yake siyarwa ko ba da barasa, aƙalla shekaru 18. Ana iya hukunta keta wannan doka da tarar.<ref name="postcourier.com.pg" /> ''Dokar lasisin giya (1963) Art 102-103'' |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Samoa}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |21<ref name="Samoa Liquor Licensing Act">{{Cite web |title=Liquor Act 2011 – Section 14 |url=http://www.palemene.ws/new/wp-content/uploads/01.Acts/Acts%202011/Liquor_Act_2011_-_Eng.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171016185321/http://www.palemene.ws/new/wp-content/uploads//01.Acts/Acts%202011/Liquor_Act_2011_-_Eng.pdf |archive-date=16 October 2017 |access-date=22 March 2018 |publisher=Parliament of Samoa}}</ref> |Sayar da ko ba da barasa ga mutumin da bai kai shekara 21 ba ana iya hukunta shi da tarar dala ɗari uku, ɗaurin kurkuku na watanni tara, ko duka biyun.<ref name="Solomon Islands Liquor Licensing Act" /> "ba ya amfani da lasisin lasisin abinci da abin sha idan mutumin da ba shi da shekaru 21 yana ƙarƙashin kulawar iyaye masu halarta. " |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Solomon Islands}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |Babu<ref name="Solomon Islands Liquor Licensing Act" /> | align="center" |21<ref name="Solomon Islands Liquor Licensing Act">{{Cite web |title=Section 72 of the Liquor Act (Ch. 144) |url=http://www.paclii.org/sb/criminal-law/ch50-liquor-act.htm |access-date=22 March 2018 |publisher=Pacific Islands Legal Information Institute}}</ref> |Sayar da ko ba da barasa ga mutumin da bai kai shekara 21 ba ana iya hukunta shi da tarar dala ɗari uku, ɗaurin kurkuku na watanni tara, ko duka biyun.<ref name="Solomon Islands Liquor Licensing Act" /> |- | colspan="2" |''{{Flag|Tokelau}}'' | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18 | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Tonga}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="Tonga Liquor Licensing Act">{{Cite web |title=INTOXICATING LIQUOR ACT – Section 65 |url=https://ago.gov.to/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/1950/1950-0025/IntoxicatingLiquorAct_2.pdf?zoom_highlight=Intoxicating+Liquor+Act#search=%22Intoxicating%20Liquor%20Act%22 |access-date=22 March 2018 |publisher=The Kingdom of Tonga, Attorney General's Office}}</ref> |An haramta sayar da, ba da abinci ko samar da barasa ga duk wanda bai kai shekara 18 ba. Har ila yau an haramta wa yara su sayi, su yi ƙoƙari su sayi ko su sha barasa a kowane wuri na jama'a kuma duk wani keta wannan doka ana hukunta shi da tarar $ 1,000.<ref name="Tonga Liquor Licensing Act" /> |- | rowspan="3" | Amurka |''{{Flag|American Samoa}}'' | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |21<ref>{{Cite web |title=ALCOHOL REFORM ISSUES PAPER |url=http://www.samoalawreform.gov.ws/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/Alcohol-Reform-Issues-Paper-Final.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140917184910/http://www.samoalawreform.gov.ws/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/Alcohol-Reform-Issues-Paper-Final.pdf |archive-date=17 September 2014 |access-date=25 March 2015 |website=samoalawreform.gov.ws |publisher=Samoa Law Reform Commission}}</ref> | |- |''{{Flag|Guam}}'' | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |21<ref>{{Cite web |title=Drinking age raised to 21 on Guam |url=https://www.stripes.com/news/pacific/guam/drinking-age-raised-to-21-on-guam-1.110333 |access-date=13 March 2021 |website=Stars and Stripes}}</ref> |Ya zuwa watan Yulin 2010, an kara shekarun shan giya a yankin Guam zuwa 21. |- |''{{Flag|Northern Mariana Islands}}'' | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |21<ref name="Northern Mariana Islands Public Law 19-84">{{Cite web |title=H. B. No. 19-141 HDI SSI |url=https://www.cnmilaw.org/pdf/public_laws/19/pl19-84.pdf |access-date=22 March 2018 |publisher=cnmilaw.org}}</ref> | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Vanuatu}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="Vanuatu Liquor Licensing Act">{{Cite web |title=Liquor Licensing Act – Section 17 |url=http://www.paclii.org/vu/legis/consol_act/lla190/ |access-date=22 March 2018 |publisher=Pacific Islands Legal Information Institute}}</ref> |Ba bisa ka'ida ba ne a sayar, ba da abinci ko samar da barasa ga duk wani mutum da bai kai shekara 18 ba. Ana cin zarafin doka har zuwa VT 25,000 ko kuma ta hanyar ɗaurin da bai wuce watanni 3 ba, ko kuma duka biyun, tarar da ɗaurin kurkuku. Duk wani ƙarami a ƙarƙashin shekaru 18, wanda aka samu yana da ko amfani da barasa ana ci tarar shi har zuwa VT 10,000.<ref name="Vanuatu Liquor Licensing Act" /> |} == Dubi kuma ==   == Manazarta == {{Law country lists}} == Haɗin waje == * Matsakaicin iyakar shekarun shari'a teburin kan layi wanda aka sabunta akan juyawa, International Alliance for Responsible DrinkingƘungiyar Ƙasashen Duniya don Shan Alhakin {{Alcohol and health}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 48tc2ktyu5zx4rzpbfahxd3gog9fq1a 0 112616 829805 709186 2026-05-05T03:53:52Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829805 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Shekarar barin makaranta''' ita ce mafi ƙarancin shekarun da aka ba mutum izinin dakatar da halarta a makarantar sakandare ta tilas. Yawancin ƙasashe suna da shekarun barin makaranta daidai da mafi ƙarancin shekarun aiki na cikakken lokaci, don haka suna ba da damar sauyawa mai sauƙi daga ilimi zuwa aiki, yayin da wasu suka saita ƙasa da shekarun da aka ba da izinin aiki ga mutum. Sabanin haka, akwai kasashe da yawa waɗanda ke da shekaru da yawa tsakanin shekarun barin makaranta da mafi ƙarancin shekarun aikinsu na doka, don haka a wasu lokuta suna hana irin wannan canji na shekaru da yawa. Kasashen da aka sanya shekarun aikinsu a ƙasa da shekarun barin makaranta (yawanci kasashe masu tasowa) suna iya ba yara damar barin karatunsu da wuri don samun kuɗi ga kansu ko iyalansu. == Barin shekaru ta ƙasa == Wasu ƙasashe suna da shekaru daban-daban na barin ko aiki, amma a wasu ƙasashe kamar China da Japan, matsakaicin shekarun da mutane ke kammala karatu shine 15, dangane da ilmantarwa ko cikakken lokaci ko aiki. Teburin da ke ƙasa ya bayyana shekarun barin makaranta a ƙasashe a duk faɗin duniya da mafi ƙarancin shekarun aikinsu, yana nuna kwatankwacin ƙasashe da yawa da suka daidaita waɗannan shekarun. Dukkanin bayanai an ɗauke su ne daga teburin Shirin Hakkin Ilimi sai dai idan an nuna in ba haka ba.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Country Table - At What Age?...are school-children employed, married and taken to court |url=http://www.right-to-education.org/node/279 |access-date=2014-01-02 |publisher=The Right to Education Project}}</ref> {| class="toccolours" style="font-size: 90%; white-space: nowrap”" !'''Labarin launi''' !'''Labarin Shekaru''' |- | width="340" |  | '''(13)''' yana nuna aikin ɗan lokaci daga 13 |- | width="340" |  |? yana nuna shekarun da aka saita ba a sani ba |- | width="340" |  | |- | width="340" |  | |- | width="340" |  | |- |} === Afirka === {| class="wikitable sortable" ! rowspan="2" |Bambancin shekaru ! rowspan="2" |Kasar ! colspan="2" |''De jure'' ! rowspan="2" |Shekara ! rowspan="2" |Bayani |- !Shekarar barin makaranta !Shekarar aiki |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Aljeriya | colspan="2" |{{Center|16}} |2011 | |- | style="background:#f2eb9f;" |2 |Angola |{{Center|12}} |{{Center|14}} |2010 | |- | |Benin |{{Center|?}} |{{Center|14}} |2005 | |- | |Botswana |{{Center|?}} |{{Center|15}} |2004 | |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -1 |Burkina Faso |{{Center|16}} |{{Center|15}} |2009 |. |- | style="background:#f2eb9f;" |4 |Burundi |{{Center|12}} |{{Center|16}} |2010 | |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Kamaru | colspan="2" |{{Center|14}} |2001 | |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -2 |Cape Verde |{{Center|16}} |{{Center|14}} |2001 | |- | |Chadi |{{Center|15}} |{{Center|?}} |2007 | |- | |Comoros |{{Center|14}} |{{Center|?}} |1998 | |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Kongo | colspan="2" |{{Center|16}} |2006 | |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Misira | colspan="2" |{{Center|14}} |2010 | |- | style="background:#f2eb9f;" |1 |Eritrea |{{Center|13}} |{{Center|14}} |2007 | |- | |Habasha | colspan="2" |{{Center|?}} |2005 | |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Gabon | colspan="2" |{{Center|16}} |2001 | |- | |Gambiya | colspan="2" |{{Center|?}} |2000 | |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -3 |Ghana |{{Center|15}} |{{Center|12}} |2005 | |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Guinea | colspan="2" |{{Center|16}} |2012 | |- | |Kenya |{{Center|?}} |{{Center|13?}} |2006 | |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Libya |{{Center|15}} |{{Center|15}} |2002 | |- | style="background:#f2eb9f;" |4 |Madagascar |{{Center|10}} |{{Center|14}} |2010 | |- | |Malawi |{{Center|?}} |{{Center|14}} |2008 | |- | |Mozambique |{{Center|?}} |{{Center|15}} |2009 | |- | style="background:#f2eb9f;" | |Maroko |{{Center|13}} |{{Center|16?}} |2003 | |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -2 |Namibia |{{Center|16}} |{{Center|14}} |2011 | |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -2 |Nijar |{{Center|16}} |{{Center|14}} |2008 | |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -3 |Najeriya |{{Center|15}} |{{Center|12}} |2020 | |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Rwanda | colspan="2" |{{Center|16}} |2012 | |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -1 |Senegal |{{Center|16}} |{{Center|15}} |2006 | |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Seychelles | colspan="2" |{{Center|15}} |2011 | |- | |Saliyo |{{Center|15?}} |{{Center|?}} |2006 | |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -2 |Somaliya |{{Center|17}} |{{Center|15}} |2018 | |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Afirka ta Kudu | colspan="2" |{{Center|15}} |2011 |Yaro tsakanin shekaru 15 zuwa 18 na iya aiki ne kawai idan sun kammala aji na 9.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mahery |first=Prinslean |last2=Proudlock |first2=Paula |date=April 2011 |title=Legal guide to age thresholds for children and young people |url=http://www.ci.org.za/depts/ci/pubs/pdf/resources/general/2011/ages_guide_april_2011.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181224212712/http://www.ci.uct.ac.za/ |archive-date=24 December 2018 |access-date=8 October 2011 |publisher=Children's Institute, University of Cape Town |page=12 |edition=5}}</ref> |- | |Sudan |{{Center|?}} |{{Center|14}} |2010 |Ya haɗa da Sudan ta Kudu |- | style="background:#f2eb9f;" | |Tanzania |{{Center|13?}} |{{Center|14}} |2005 | |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -1 |Togo |{{Center|15}} |{{Center|14}} |2010 | |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Tunisiya | colspan="2" |{{Center|16}} |2008 | |- | |Uganda | colspan="2" |{{Center|?}} |2004 | |- | |Zambia | colspan="2" |{{Center|?}} |2002 | |- | |Zimbabwe | colspan="2" |{{Center|?}} |1995 | |- |} === Amurka === {| class="wikitable sortable" ! rowspan="2" |Bambancin shekaru ! rowspan="2" |Kasar ! colspan="2" |''De jure'' ! rowspan="2" |Shekara ! rowspan="2" |Bayani |- !Shekarar barin makaranta !Shekarar aiki |- | |Argentina |{{Center|18}} |{{Center|16<ref name="Wayback Machine u231">{{cite web | title=Ley N° 26.390 de Prohibición del Trabajo Infantil y Protección del Trabajo Adolescente. | website=Ministerio Público de la Defensa | url=https://www.mpd.gov.ar/index.php/marco-normativo/365-normativa-nacional/leyes/3244-ley-n-26-390-de-prohibicion-del-trabajo-infantil-y-proteccion-del-trabajo-adolescente | language=es | access-date=2024-04-01 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190920221349/https://www.mpd.gov.ar/index.php/marco-normativo/365-normativa-nacional/leyes/3244-ley-n-26-390-de-prohibicion-del-trabajo-infantil-y-proteccion-del-trabajo-adolescente | archive-date=2019-09-20 | quote="Se eleva la edad mínima de admisión al empleo a dieciséis (16) años en los términos de la presente. Rough translation: The minimum age for employment admission is raised to sixteen (16) years under the terms of this document." | url-status=dead }}</ref>}} |2008 | |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" | |Barbados |{{Center|16}} |{{Center|16?}} |1997 | |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Belize | colspan="2" |{{Center|14}} |2004 | |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -2 |Bolivia |{{Center|16}} |{{Center|14}} |2009 | |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -3 |Brazil | colspan="2" |{{Center|18}} |2006 |Makaranta wajibi ne ga yara 6-18 (shekaru 1-12 a cikin sabon tsarin makarantar Brazil). Bayan haka, babu wani wajibi na doka don zama a makaranta. Daliban da ke son cancanta don shiga jami'a dole ne duk da haka su kammala ƙarin shekaru uku (shekaru 10-12) na makarantar sakandare (ensino médio), don haka yawanci suna barin makaranta a shekara 18. Mafi ƙarancin shekaru don aikin lauya shine 18. Idan ranar haihuwar dalibi ta kasance tsakanin 1 ga Janairu da 31 ga Maris, shekaru 17, yayin da idan ranar haihuwar ɗalibin ta kasance tsakanin 3 ga Afrilu da 31 ga Disamba, to shekaru 18, kuma yana faruwa a ranar ƙarshe ta aji na 12 (farkon-tsakiyar Disamba). |- | |Kanada |{{Center|16 or 18, varies by jurisdiction}} | style="text-align:center;" |12-18, ya bambanta da iko da masana'antu <ref>{{Cite web |title=Minimum Age Laws in Canada &#124; Canadian Labour Congress |url=http://www.canadianlabour.ca/action-center/minimum-age-campaign/minimum-age-laws-canada |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140215074234/http://www.canadianlabour.ca/action-center/minimum-age-campaign/minimum-age-laws-canada |archive-date=2014-02-15 |access-date=2014-02-12}}</ref> |{{Center|2014}} |Shekarar barin makaranta ita ce 16 a duk larduna da yankuna na Kanada ban da lardunan Manitoba, New Brunswick, da Ontario, inda shekarun barin makaranta shine 18 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Going to School in Manitoba {{!}} Manitoba Education and Training |url=https://www.edu.gov.mb.ca/k12/schools/gts.html#age |access-date=2019-02-01 |website=www.edu.gov.mb.ca |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-07-24 |title=Law Document English View |url=https://www.ontario.ca/laws/view |access-date=2019-02-01 |website=Ontario.ca |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Government of New Brunswick |first=Canada |date=2010-05-18 |title=New Brunswick Education |url=https://www2.gnb.ca/content/gnb/en/gateways/about_nb/education.html |access-date=2019-02-01 |website=www2.gnb.ca |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A Ontario, idan ranar haihuwar dalibi mai shekaru 17 ta fadi tsakanin ƙarshen shekara ta makaranta zuwa 31 ga Disamba, za su iya janyewa daga makaranta a ƙarshen wannan shekarar makaranta ta yanzu. |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -3 |Chile |{{Center|18}} |{{Center|15}} |2005 |Dalibai sun gama karatun sakandare (Educación Media a cikin Mutanen Espanya) suna da shekaru 18, kuma aiki doka ce kawai idan ma'aikacin da bai kai shekara 17 ba (shekaru 17 ko ƙarami) ya sami izini daga mai kula da doka ko iyaye. |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -1 |Colombia |{{Center|15}} |{{Center|14}} |2005 | |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -1 |Costa Rica |{{Center|17 or 18}} |{{Center|15}} |2010 | |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Cuba | colspan="2" |{{Center|16}} |2010 | |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -4 |Dominica |{{Center|16}} |{{Center|12}} |2004? | |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Jamhuriyar Dominica | colspan="2" |{{Center|18}} |2007? | |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Grenada | colspan="2" |{{Center|14}} |2009 | |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Guyana |{{Center|15}} |{{Center|15}} |2003 | |- | |Haiti |{{Center|?}} |{{Center|15}} |2002 | |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -2 |Jamaica |{{Center|14}} |{{Center|12}} |2003 | |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Mexico | colspan="2" |{{Center|15}} |2014 | |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Paraguay |{{Center|14}} |{{Center|14}} |2009 |Tun lokacin da aka fara gyaran Ilimi a 1993, ilimin asali na tsawon shekaru tara ne zuwa shekaru 15. Dangane da Kundin Tsarin Mulki, ilimin tilas ya ƙare a 12. |- | style="background:#f2eb9f;" |2 |Peru |{{Center|16}} |{{Center|18}} |2009 |Ma'aikata suna da alhakin bayar da rahoto a kai a kai game da aikin da halartar ɗaliban da suke amfani da su don taimakawa wajen tabbatar da iliminsu ya sha wahala saboda aikinsu. |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Saint Kitts da Nevis | colspan="2" |{{Center|16}} |1997 | |- | |Saint Vincent da Grenadines |{{Center|?}} |{{Center|14?}} |2001 | |- | style="background:#f2eb9f;" | |Suriname |{{Center|10?}} |{{Center|14}} |2005 | |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Trinidad da Tobago | colspan="2" |{{Center|16}} |2004 | |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Amurka | colspan="2" |{{Center|18}} |2010 |Shekarar barin makaranta ta bambanta daga jiha zuwa jiha tare da mafi yawan suna da shekaru 18 masu barin, amma kaɗan suna da shekarun barin sama da wannan adadin.<ref name="ECS">{{Cite web |last=Mikulecky |first=Marga |date=April 2013 |title=Compulsory School Age Requirements |url=http://www.ecs.org/clearinghouse/01/07/03/10703.pdf |access-date=January 8, 2015 |publisher=Education Commission of the States}}</ref> Daliban da suka kammala wani matakin ilimin sakandare ("makarantar sakandare") na iya yin gwajin da aka daidaita kuma su kammala karatu daga ilimin tilas, Janar Equivalency Degree. Har ila yau, jihohi da yawa suna ba da izini ga ɗalibai masu baiwa da basira don hanzarta iliminsu don samun difloma kafin su kai shekarun barin. Matasa na iya neman aiki a shekaru 14 a jihohi da yawa. *Bambance-bambance ta Jiha ko Yankin<br /> |- | style="background:#f2eb9f;" |1 |Uruguay |{{Center|14}} |{{Center|15}} |2006 | |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Venezuela | colspan="2" |{{Center|14}} |2007 | |- |} === Asiya === {| class="wikitable sortable" ! rowspan="2" |Bambancin shekaru ! rowspan="2" |Kasar ! colspan="2" |''De jure'' ! rowspan="2" |Shekara ! rowspan="2" |Bayani |- !Shekarar barin makaranta !Shekarar aiki |- | style="background:#f2eb9f;" |2 |Afghanistan |{{Center|13}} |{{Center|15}} |2010 | |- | |Armenia |{{Center|?}} |{{Center|14}} |2011 | |- | |Azerbaijan |{{Center|?}} |{{Center|15}} |2005 | |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -1 |Bahrain |{{Center|15}} |{{Center|14}} |2010 | |- | style="background:#f2eb9f;" |4 |Bangladesh |{{Center|10}} |{{Center|14}} |2008 | |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -3 |Brunei |{{Center|17}} |{{Center|14}} |2003 |Ilimi na tilas a Brunei daga ilimin firamare zuwa ilimin sakandare. Ana ƙarfafa ilimin sakandare. |- | |Myanmar |{{Center|9}} |{{Center|13}} |2011 |Babu wani a zahiri |- | |Kambodiya |{{Center|?}} |{{Center|15}} |2010 | |- | style="background:#f2eb9f;" |1 |Jamhuriyar Jama'ar Sin |{{Center|15}} |{{Center|16}} |2012 |Ilimi na tilas yana ɗaukar shekaru 9. Ana lissafin shekarun barin makaranta a ƙarƙashin zaton cewa ɗalibai za su shiga makaranta a shekara 6 kuma su kammala karatun sakandare a shekara 18. |- | style="background:#f2eb9f;" |2 |Georgia |{{Center|14}} |{{Center|16}} |2007 | |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Indiya | colspan="2" |{{Center|14}} |2003 |Gwamnati tana yin doka ta tilastawa ilimi har zuwa shekaru 14. Duk wanda yake so ya ci gaba da karatunsa na iya ci gaba da aiki. |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Hong Kong, kasar Sin |{{Center|15}} |{{Center|15}} |2019 |An haramta yara 'yan kasa da shekaru 15 daga aiki a duk ayyukan masana'antu. Yara masu shekaru 13 da 14 na iya aiki a cibiyoyin da ba na masana'antu ba, dangane da yanayin cewa suna halartar makarantar cikakken lokaci idan ba su kammala Form III na ilimin sakandare ba da kuma wasu yanayi waɗanda ke da niyyar kare lafiyarsu, lafiya da jin dadin su.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Labour Legislation |url=https://www.labour.gov.hk/eng/legislat/content2.htm |access-date=6 June 2021 |website=Labour Department}}</ref> |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -2 |Indonesia | colspan="2" |{{Center|15}} |2018 |Shekarar barin makaranta ta bambanta tsakanin larduna tare da mafi yawan suna da shekaru 15 na barin, amma kaɗan suna da shekaru 18 na barin. An haramta yara 'yan kasa da shekaru 15 daga aiki a duk ayyukan masana'antu. |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Iran | colspan="2" |{{Center|15}} |2015 |Ilimi na tilas yana ɗaukar shekaru 9, gami da ilimin firamare da ƙananan sakandare. Ana lissafin shekarun barin makaranta a ƙarƙashin zaton cewa ɗalibai za su shiga makarantar firamare a shekara 6 kuma su kammala karatun sakandare a shekara 15.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 February 2017 |title=Education in Iran |url=https://wenr.wes.org/2017/02/education-in-iran |access-date=29 March 2022 |website=WENR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=27 November 2016 |title=Iran (Islamic Republic of) |url=http://uis.unesco.org/en/country/ir |access-date=29 March 2022 |website=UNESCO UIS}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Iran, Islamic Rep. of |url=http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/timss2015/encyclopedia/countries/iran-islamic-rep-of/ |access-date=29 March 2022 |website=TIMSS 2015 Encyclopedia}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Education System |url=https://www.britishcouncil.org/voices-magazine/what-does-school-education-look-iran |access-date=30 March 2022 |website=Education Iran |archive-date=19 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220119234621/https://www.britishcouncil.org/voices-magazine/what-does-school-education-look-iran |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | |Iraki |{{Center|?}} |{{Center|15}} |1996 | |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -4 |Isra'ila |{{Center|16}} |{{Center|14}} |2011? |An rage shekarun aiki, shekarun barin makaranta sun tashi. |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Japan | colspan="2" |{{Center|15}} |2009 |Mafi yawan (> 90%) na ɗaliban Jafananci sun kammala karatun sakandare saboda matsin lamba, duk da shekarun barin. |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Jordan | colspan="2" |{{Center|16}} |2006 | |- | style="background:#f2eb9f;" |1 |Lebanon |{{Center|12}} |{{Center|13}} |2005 | |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -3 |Mongolia |{{Center|17}} |{{Center|14}} |2009 | |- | |Nepal |{{Center|?}} |{{Center|14}} |2004 | |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Koriya ta Arewa | colspan="2" |{{Center|16}} |2008 | |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Koriya ta Kudu | colspan="2" |{{Center|15}} |2011 |Yawancin ɗaliban Koriya sun kammala karatun sakandare saboda matsin lamba da kuma gamsuwar kai, duk da shekarun barin. Ana samun taimakon gwamnati ga iyalai. |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -1 |Kuwait |{{Center|15}} |{{Center|14}} |2012 | |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -3 |Malaysia |{{Center|17}} |{{Center|14}} |2006? |Makarantar firamare tilas ce, sannan makarantar sakandare ta biyo baya. 17 shine shekarun barin makaranta; mutum na iya barin ne kawai bayan da aka saki sakamakon Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia don shiga makarantar sakandare. 14 shine mafi ƙarancin shekarun aiki. Ba a yarda da mutanen da ba su kai shekaru ba su yi aiki ko kuma Ma'aikatar Harkokin Dan Adam ta yi musu hadari. |- | |Maldives |{{Center|?}} |{{Center|14}} |2006 | |- | style="background:#f2eb9f;" |4 |Pakistan |{{Center|10}} |{{Center|14}} |2009? |Kodayake mafi ƙarancin shekaru don barin makaranta shine shekaru 10 ko firamare, wanda ke nufin ilimi na shekaru 7, mafi ƙaranci shekarun aiki ana ɗaukarsa 14. Mutanen da ke da shekaru 14 na iya yin aiki mai sauƙi kawai kuma ba aiki mai haɗari ba. |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -3 |Philippines |{{Center|18}} |{{Center|15}} |2015 |Aiwatar da shirin K-12 (duba Ilimi a cikin Philippines) ya kuma nuna hauhawar barin makaranta zuwa 18. |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Saudi Arabia | colspan="2" |{{Center|15}} |2010? |Ɗalibi na iya barin makaranta bayan ya kai shekara 15 idan aka ba da izinin mahaifinsa. In ba haka ba, ɗalibin dole ne ya kammala makaranta har zuwa shekara 18. Shekarar aiki a cikin aikin ɗan lokaci ko a lokacin hutun makaranta shine 15. |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -1 |Singapore |{{Center|16}} |{{Center|15}} |2010? |Makarantar firamare tilas ce, sannan makarantar sakandare ta biyo baya. 16 shine shekarun barin makaranta; mutum na iya barin ne kawai bayan da aka saki sakamakon GCE 'O' na Singapore don shiga polytechnics, ƙananan kwalejoji, Cibiyar Ilimi ta Fasaha, ko aiki. 15 shine mafi ƙarancin shekarun aiki. Ba a yarda da mutanen da ba su kai shekaru ba su yi aiki ko kuma Ma'aikatar Ma'aikata ta yi musu hadari. |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Sri Lanka | colspan="2" |{{Center|16}} |2014 |Don ƙarin bayani <nowiki>http://www.moe.gov.lk/sinhala/images/publications/Education_First_SL/Education=First_SR.pdf</nowiki>[http://www.moe.gov.lk/sinhala/images/publications/Education_First_SL/Education_First_SL.pdf http://www.moe.gov.lk/sinhala/hotuna/bugawa/Ilimi_First_SL/Ilimi _First_SR.pdf] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191127004418/http://www.moe.gov.lk/sinhala/images/publications/Education_First_SL/Education_First_SL.pdf |date=2019-11-27 }} |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Siriya | colspan="2" |{{Center|15}} |2010 | |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Taiwan | colspan="2" |{{Center|15}} |2010 |Ilimi na tilas ya kai Grade 9. Grades 10-12 (babban matsayi) ana ɗaukarsa nau'in ilimi na asali, amma ba tilas ba ne. |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -2 |Tajikistan |{{Center|16}} |{{Center|14}} |2009 | |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Thailand | colspan="2" |{{Center|15}} |2011 |Dalibai dole ne su kammala karatun sakandare har zuwa Matthayom 3 sannan su sami zaɓi na ci gaba zuwa sakandare, makarantun sana'a ko barin, duk da haka, saboda matsin lamba yawancin ɗalibai sun gama karatun sakandare kuma su ci gaba zuwa Matthyom 6, matriculation ko wasu nau'ikan ilimin kafin jami'a. |- | |Turkiyya |{{Center|14-16?}} |{{Center|16?}} |???? | |- | style="background:#f2eb9f;" |3 |Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa |{{Center|18}} |{{Center|21}} |2001 | |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -2 |Uzbekistan |{{Center|18}} |{{Center|16}} |2012 | |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -3 |Vietnam |{{Center|18}} |{{Center|15}} |2011? |Makarantun sakandare na ƙarami yanzu tilas ne, amma a wasu yankuna masu tsaunuka, yara da yawa suna barin makarantu a baya don taimakawa iyayensu. Gwamnati na kokarin rage wannan abin da ke faruwa. Yara dole ne su kasance aƙalla 15 don yin aiki bisa doka. |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -1 |Yemen |{{Center|15}} |{{Center|14}} |2004 |Ilimi na asali yana ɗaukar shekaru 9 kuma wajibi ne ga masu shekaru 6-15. Ana lissafin shekarun barin makaranta a ƙarƙashin zaton cewa ɗalibai za su shiga ilimi na asali a shekara 6 kuma su kammala karatu a shekara 15.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Yemen, Republic of |url=https://www.aacrao.org/edge/country/yemen-republic-of |access-date=30 March 2022 |website=AACRAO EDGE}}</ref> |- |} === Turai === {| class="wikitable sortable" ! rowspan="2" |Bambancin shekaru ! rowspan="2" |Kasar ! colspan="2" |''De jure'' ! rowspan="2" |Shekara ! rowspan="2" |Bayani |- !Shekarar barin makaranta !Shekarar aiki |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Andorra | colspan="2" |{{Center|16}} |2001 | |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Ostiraliya | colspan="2" |{{Center|15}} |2011 | |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -2 |Belarus |{{Center|15}} |{{Center|14}} |2010 | |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -2 |Belgium |{{Center|18}} |{{Center|16}} |2021 |Ilimi na cikakken lokaci ya zama tilas daga shekaru 5 har zuwa shekaru 16. Bayan shekaru 16 dalibai na iya bin ilimi na ɗan lokaci ko cikakken lokaci. A wannan shekarun ɗalibai na iya fara aiki a lokacin hutun su, tare da takamaiman dokokin aiki a wurin. Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa Belgium tana da tsarin makaranta daban-daban guda uku daya ga Al'ummar Flemish, daya ga al-Al'ummar Jamus kuma daya ga al"Al'ummar Faransa. |- | |Bosnia da Herzegovina |{{Center|?}} |{{Center|15}} |2011 | |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Bulgaria | colspan="2" |{{Center|16}} |2007 | |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Croatia | colspan="2" |{{Center|15}} |2003 | |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Cyprus | colspan="2" |{{Center|15}} |2011 | |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -1 |Jamhuriyar Czech |{{Center|16}} |{{Center|15}} |2012 | |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -3 |Denmark |{{Center|16}} |{{Center|13}} |2010 | |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Estonia | colspan="2" |{{Center|15}} |2002 | |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -1 |Finland |{{Center|16}} |{{Center|15}} |2010 |Dole ne 'yan ƙasa su kammala makarantar sakandare. Shekarar kammala shi ya bambanta dangane da shekarun fara makaranta (yawanci 7) da shekarun da aka riƙe a baya. Yawancin sun kammala karatu daga makarantar sakandare suna da shekaru 16. Daliban da ba su gama makarantar sakandare ba tun suna da shekaru 17 (wanda ba shi da yawa) na iya barin makaranta. Ilimi na sakandare (na uku) na son rai ne. |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Faransa | colspan="2" |{{Center|16}} |2010 |Mafi ƙarancin shekarun barin makaranta shine 16. Akwai, duk da haka, wasu takamaiman lokuta inda matasa zasu iya shiga aiki kafin su kai shekara 16, kamar aiki a kamfanin iyaye, aiki na lokaci-lokaci, ko matasa da suka bar makaranta da wuri suna fara koyo a shekara ta 15, don ambaci kaɗan. |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -3 |Jamus |{{Center|16-18}} |{{Center|(15)}} |2003 |A Jamus, shekarun da dalibai suka gama makaranta ya dogara da irin makarantar da suke halarta. Tare da shekarun barin makaranta da aka saita a 16 a mafi yawan makarantu, bar Gymnasium inda dalibai suka kammala karatu a maimakon haka a shekara 18. Dokar tarayya ''Jugendarbeitsschutzgesetz'' (Dokar Kare Aiki ta Matasa) ta tsara mafi ƙarancin shekarun aiki, wanda aka saita a 15. |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Girka | colspan="2" |{{Center|15}} |2011 | |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Hungary | colspan="2" |{{Center|16}} |2019 |Ɗalibi mai shekaru 15 na iya aiki a lokacin hutun makaranta, tare da izinin iyaye. Tsakanin 16 da 18 ƙarami na iya aiki a lokacin shekara ta makaranta, amma kawai tare da izinin iyaye. Yara ba za su iya aiki fiye da awanni 40 a mako ba, kuma za su iya yin aiki ne kawai tsakanin karfe 6 na safe da karfe 10 na yamma, ba tare da sauye-sauyen dare ba. |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Iceland | colspan="2" |{{Center|16}} |2010 | |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -2 |Ireland |{{Center|16}} |{{Center|(14)}} |2000 |Mafi ƙarancin shekaru na doka shine 16, ban da waɗanda suka kammala ƙasa da shekaru uku na ilimin sakandare, waɗanda suke da shekaru 18. <ref name="irelandYouthGeneral">{{Cite web |date=3 April 2013 |title=Children and rights in Ireland |url=http://www.citizensinformation.ie/en/birth_family_relationships/children_s_rights_and_policy/children_and_rights_in_ireland.html |access-date=6 January 2014 |website=Citizens Information |publisher=Citizens Information Board}}</ref><ref name="irelandYouthSchool">{{Cite web |date=2 January 2014 |title=School attendance |url=http://www.citizensinformation.ie/en/education/primary_and_post_primary_education/attendance_and_discipline_in_schools/school_attendance.html |access-date=6 January 2014 |website=Citizens Information |publisher=Citizens Information Board}} {{Cite web |title=Education (Welfare) Act, 2000 |url=http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/2000/en/act/pub/0022/index.html |access-date=6 January 2014 |website=[[Irish Statute Book]] |page=§§2, 17 |no-pp=y}}</ref> Mafi ƙarancin shekarun aiki sune: 14 a lokacin hutun makaranta; 15 a lokacin wa'adi; 16 don aiki har zuwa awanni 40 a kowane mako da awanni 8 a kowace rana; 18 don aiki ba tare da ƙuntatawa na shekaru ba. <ref name="irelandYouthGeneral" /><ref name="irelandYouthWork" /> Dole ne a yi rajistar ma'aikata a ƙasa da shekara 18.<ref name="irelandYouthWork">{{Cite web |title=Hours of work for young people |url=http://www.citizensinformation.ie/en/employment/starting_work_and_changing_job/young_people_at_work/hours_of_work_for_young_people.html |access-date=6 January 2014 |website=Citizens Information |publisher=Citizens Information Board}} {{Cite web |title=Protection of Young Persons (Employment) Act, 1996 |url=http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/1996/en/act/pub/0016/index.html |access-date=6 January 2014 |website=[[Irish Statute Book]]}}</ref> Ministan Kasuwanci, Yawon Bude Ido da Ayyuka na iya ƙayyade 'yanci; an yi wannan ga dangi na kusa.<ref name="irelandYouthWork" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=S.I. No. 2/1997 - Protection of Young Persons (Employment of Close Relatives) Regulations, 1997. |url=http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/1997/en/si/0002.html |access-date=6 January 2014 |website=[[Irish Statute Book]]}}</ref> |- | style="background:#00EEC4;" | -2-0 |Italiya |{{Center|16-18}} |{{Center|16}} |2010 |Ilimi na cikakken lokaci ya zama tilas daga shekaru 6 zuwa 16. Daga ranar 16 zuwa ranar haihuwar mutum, za su iya zaɓar ci gaba da makaranta na cikakken lokaci ko fara koyo yayin da suke zuwa makaranta aƙalla mako guda a wata. |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Latvia | colspan="2" |{{Center|15}} |2005 | |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Liechtenstein | colspan="2" |{{Center|15}} |2005 | |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Lithuania | colspan="2" |{{Center|16}} |2011 | |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Luxembourg | colspan="2" |{{Center|18}} |1997 | |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -3 |Jamhuriyar Makidoniya |{{Center|18}} |{{Center|15}} |2009? |Ilimi na sakandare na tilas ya fara ne a shekara ta 2008 (Gazette na hukuma na Jamhuriyar Makidoniya No. 49 daga 18 ga Afrilu 2007). |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Malta | colspan="2" |{{Center|16}} |2012 |Kodayake ilimin tilas ya ƙare a 16, yawan yara suna ƙaruwa don ci gaba da karatunsu yayin da suke yin aiki na ɗan lokaci. |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -1 |Moldova |{{Center|16}} |{{Center|15}} |2008 | |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Monaco | colspan="2" |{{Center|16}} |2012 | |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Montenegro | colspan="2" |{{Center|15}} |2010 | |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -5 |Netherlands |{{Center|16}} |{{Center|13}} |2014 |A cikin Netherlands, halartar makaranta wajibi ne ga duk yara masu shekaru 5 zuwa 16. Matasa masu shekaru daga 16 zuwa 18 dole ne su sami ƙwarewar asali kafin su bar makaranta. |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -3 |Netherlands Antilles |{{Center|15}} |{{Center|12}} |2010? | |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -1 |Norway |{{Center|16}} |{{Center|15}} |2009 | |- | style="background:#00EEC4;" | -3-1 |Poland |{{Center|14-18*}} |{{Center|15}} |2002 |Bayan kammala karatu daga [[Makarantar Firamare|makarantar firamare]] ta shekaru 8 (yawanci yana da shekaru 14 ko 15) mutum na iya barin makaranta amma ana buƙatar doka ta ci gaba da ilimi har zuwa shekaru 18. Koyaya, ana iya gamsar da wannan buƙata ta hanyar horar da sana'a, ba tare da halartar makaranta ba. Ana iya yin wannan a matsayin wani ɓangare na aiki, don haka a zahiri mutumin ya bar makaranta kuma ya yi aiki na cikakken lokaci. |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -2 |Portugal |{{Center|18}} |{{Center|16}} |2009 | |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -1 |Romania |{{Center|18}} |{{Center|16}} |2025 | |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Rasha | colspan="2" |{{Center|15}} |2004 | |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |San Marino | colspan="2" |{{Center|16}} |2003 | |- | style="background:#f2eb9f;" |1 |Serbia |{{Center|14}} |{{Center|15}} |2007 | |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -2 |Slovakia |{{Center|16}} |{{Center|(14)}} |2006? |Daga 14 zuwa 17, ayyukan ɗan lokaci ne kawai aka ba da izini. Dalibi na iya barin makaranta bayan shekaru 10 na halartar makaranta (yawanci shekaru 16) ko kuma lokacin da shekara ta farko ta makaranta bayan ranar haihuwarsa ta 16 ta gama (duk abin da ya zo da farko). Yawancin ɗalibai suna ci gaba har zuwa jarrabawar maturita a shekarar da ta gabata ta makarantar sakandare (ɗalibi yawanci 19 ne a wannan lokacin).<br /> |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Slovenia | colspan="2" |{{Center|15}} |2012 | |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Spain | colspan="2" |{{Center|16}} |1997 | |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Sweden | colspan="2" |{{Center|16}} |2004 | |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |Switzerland | colspan="2" |{{Center|15}} |2001 | |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -1 |Ukraine |{{Center|17}} |{{Center|16}} |2010 | |- | colspan="7" |{{Center|[[United Kingdom]]}} |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -1 |Ingila |{{Center|16}} |{{Center|15}} |2015<ref>{{Cite web |last=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=2014-01-09 |title=School leaving age - GOV.UK |url=https://www.gov.uk/know-when-you-can-leave-school |access-date=2014-04-02 |website=GOV.UK |publisher=Government Digital Service}}</ref> |Cikakken shekarun aiki na shari'a a [[Ingila]] ya dace da ƙarshen ilimi na yau da kullun, wanda ya zama tilas daga farkon Satumba bayan yaro ya cika 5, zuwa Jumma'a ta ƙarshe ta Yuni a cikin Shekara 11 (lokacin da mutum yana da shekaru 15-16). Aikin cikakken lokaci ba bisa ka'ida ba ne kafin wannan batu, kodayake ana iya yin aiki na ɗan lokaci daga 14 kuma a wasu lokuta, misali isar da jaridu, a 13. Dokar Ilimi da Kwarewa ta 2008 (wanda aka fara aiwatarwa a Ingila a cikin 2013) tana kula da shekarun barin makaranta a Ingila a 16, amma tana buƙatar cewa mutane sama da shekarun barin makarantar (waɗanda ke tsakanin shekaru 16-18) ko dai suna aiki na cikakken lokaci ko kuma sun shiga makarantar sakandare (tare da zaɓuɓɓukan ilimi mafi girma a buɗe ga waɗanda ke da shekaru 16 da sama ciki har da kwalejojin ilimi ko siffofi na shida, jami'o'i daga shekaru 17). Wannan tanadin (kamar yadda aka tsara) ya shafi Ingila kawai kuma babu wata doka da ake buƙata don mutum ya yi aiki ko ya kasance yana cikin makarantar ilimi, sama da shekaru 16, a kowane ɗayan Burtaniya. |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -1 |Arewacin Ireland |{{Center|16}} |{{Center|(15)}} |2014<ref>{{Cite web |last=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=2014-01-09 |title=School leaving age - GOV.UK |url=https://www.gov.uk/know-when-you-can-leave-school |access-date=2014-04-02 |website=GOV.UK |publisher=Government Digital Service}}</ref> | |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -3 |Scotland |{{Center|16}} |{{Center|(13)}} |2013<ref>{{Cite web |last=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=2014-01-09 |title=School leaving age - GOV.UK |url=https://www.gov.uk/know-when-you-can-leave-school |access-date=2014-04-02 |website=GOV.UK |publisher=Government Digital Service}}</ref> |Ilimi na tilas yawanci ya ƙare bayan shekaru 16 wanda yawanci bayan shekara ta huɗu, kodayake wannan yana cikin rabin Shekara ta biyar ga wasu. Koyaya, ɗalibai da yawa suna ci gaba zuwa shekara ta biyar da / ko ta shida, inda ake samun cancanta don shiga [[jami'a]]. Ƙuntatawa ta shafi lokutan aiki na waɗanda ke da shekaru 13 zuwa 16 (watau matsakaicin sa'o'i, izinin aiki, nau'in aiki) don tabbatar da cewa aikin ya dace da bukatun ilimi na cikakken lokaci. |- | style="background:#E09C8B;" | -2 |Wales |{{Center|16}} |{{Center|(14)}} |2013<ref>{{Cite web |last=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=2014-01-09 |title=School leaving age - GOV.UK |url=https://www.gov.uk/know-when-you-can-leave-school |access-date=2014-04-02 |website=GOV.UK |publisher=Government Digital Service}}</ref> |Aikin cikakken lokaci yana farawa da 16. |- |} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! rowspan="2" |Bambancin shekaru ! rowspan="2" |Kasar ! colspan="2" |''De jure'' ! rowspan="2" |Shekara ! rowspan="2" |Bayani |- !Shekarar barin makaranta !Shekarar aiki |- | |Ostiraliya |{{Center|15 or 17}} |{{Center|11 for supervised work, 13 for easy work, 15 for most jobs}} |2011 |Mafi ƙarancin shekaru daga 2009 zai zama kamar haka: Yankin Arewa - 15; ACT - 15; Kudancin Australia - 17; Queensland - 17; Dalibai dole ne su kasance a makaranta har sai sun cika shekaru 16 ko kammala Shekara 10, duk abin da ya zo da farko. Daga can dole ne su kasance "koyon ko samun" wanda ke nufin dole ne a yi amfani da su aƙalla awanni 25 a mako, ko kuma su kasance a cikin cikakken lokaci ko kuma su zama a cikin haɗuwa da aikin ɗan lokaci da ilimi na ɗan lokaci wanda ya ƙara zuwa aƙalla sa'o'i 25 a mako har sai sun cika 17 ko kammala Shekara 12 ko daidai, wanda ya zo da farko. Victoria - 17; Yammacin Australia - 15; NSW - 17 (idan ba sa so su yi HSC suna buƙatar yin aiki aƙalla awanni 25 a kowane mako ko a TAFE suna karatu har sai sun cika shekara 17); Tasmania - 17. |- | |Fiji |{{Center|?}} |{{Center|18}} |1996 | |- | style="background:#f2eb9f;" |4 |Tsibirin Marshall |{{Center|14}} |{{Center|18}} |2005 | |- | |Jihohin Tarayyar Micronesia |{{Center|14}} |{{Center|?}} |1996 | |- | style="background:#A0B2A4;" |0 |New Zealand | colspan="2" |{{Center|16}} |2010 |Wadanda akalla 15 na iya barin makaranta tare da izini daga Ma'aikatar Ilimi. |- | |Papua New Guinea | colspan="2" |{{Center|?}} |2003 | |- | |Palau |{{Center|17}} |{{Center|?}} |2000 | |- | |Tsibirin Solomon |{{Center|?}} |{{Center|12}} |2002 | |- |} == Ci gaba da makaranta ta ƙasa == {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" ! rowspan="2" |Kasar !2009OECD <br /> ! colspan="2" |1986Michael Hill <br /> |- !%-shekaru shigar da lokaci-lokaci (shekaru 15-19) <br /><br /><br /> !%-shekaru shigar da lokaci-lokaci (shekaru 17) <br /><br /><br /> !Ƙananan leavingagere<br /><br /><br /> |- | align="left" |[[Asturaliya|Ostiraliya]] |78 |50 |15 |- | align="left" |[[Austriya|Ostiraliya]] |84 |N⁄_A |N⁄_A |- | align="left" |[[Beljik|Belgium]] |91 |86 |16 |- | align="left" |[[Brazil]] |70 |N⁄_A |N⁄_A |- | align="left" |[[Kanada]] |80 |79 |15/16 |- | align="left" |[[Kazech|Jamhuriyar Czech]] |93 |N⁄_A |N⁄_A |- | align="left" |[[Denmark]] |89 |75 |16/17 |- | align="left" |[[Istoniya|Estonia]] |89 |N⁄_A |N⁄_A |- | align="left" |[[Finland]] |90 |91 |17 |- | align="left" |[[Faransa]] |90 |80 |16 |- | align="left" |[[Jamus]] |93 |100 |16 |- | align="left" |[[Girka (ƙasa)|Girka]] |88 |55 |14.5 |- | align="left" |[[Hungariya|Hungary]] |93 |N⁄_A |N⁄_A |- | align="left" |[[Ayislan|Iceland]] |88 |41 |15 |- | align="left" |Ireland |83 |N⁄_A |N⁄_A |- | align="left" |[[Isra'ila]] |69 |N⁄_A |N⁄_A |- | align="left" |[[Italiya]] |84 |46 |14 |- | align="left" |[[Japan]] | |91 |15 |- | align="left" |[[Luksamburg|Luxembourg]] |95 |N⁄_A |N⁄_A |- | align="left" |[[Mexico (ƙasa)|Mexico]] |61 |N⁄_A |N⁄_A |- | align="left" |[[Holand|Netherlands]] |90 |87 |16 |- | align="left" |[[New Zealand]] |73 |54 |15 |- | align="left" |[[Norway]] |81 |76 |16 |- |Matsakaicin OECD |84 |N⁄_A |N⁄_A |- | align="left" |[[Poland]] |94 |N⁄_A |N⁄_A |- | align="left" |[[Portugal]] |85 |N⁄_A |N⁄_A |- | align="left" |[[Slofakiya|Slovakia]] |91 |N⁄_A |N⁄_A |- | align="left" |[[Sloveniya|Slovenia]] |94 |N⁄_A |N⁄_A |- | align="left" |[[Ispaniya|Spain]] |80 |53 |14 |- | align="left" |[[Sweden]] |88 |86 |16 |- | align="left" |[[Switzerland]] |85 |83 |15/16 |- | align="left" |[[Turkiyya]] |56 |N⁄_A |N⁄_A |- | align="left" |[[Birtaniya|Ƙasar Ingila]] |78 |49 |16 |- | align="left" |[[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]] |85 |89 |17 |} == Dubi kuma == * [[Ilimi na tilas]] * Lissafin Ilimi * Shekarar aiki ta doka * Girman shekarun barin makaranta == Bayani == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [https://www.right-to-education.org/ Hakkin Ilimi] {{Law country lists}} i4i9oeja18itjws45yqisx8iy36i2qb 0 112618 829782 798235 2026-05-05T02:23:51Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829782 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Drinking_Age_-_Global.svg|alt=|thumb|'''Mafi ƙarancin shekarun doka don siyan barasa ta ƙasa:'''<br />              ]] '''Shekarar shan giya ta doka''' ita ce mafi ƙarancin shekarun da mutum zai iya shan giya [[Doka|bisa doka]]. Za'a iya amfani da mafi ƙarancin shekaru na barasa bisa doka na iya bambanta da shekarun da za'a iya saya a wasu ƙasashe. Waɗannan dokoki sun bambanta tsakanin ƙasashe kuma dokoki da yawa suna da keɓancewa ko yanayi na musamman. Yawancin dokoki suna aiki ne kawai ga [[Drinking in public|shan barasa a wuraren jama'a]] tare da shan barasa a cikin gida galibi ba a tsara su ba (ɗaya daga cikin banbanci shine Ingila da Wales, waɗanda ke da mafi ƙarancin shekaru biyar don kulawa da amfani a wurare masu zaman kansu). Wasu ƙasashe kuma suna da iyakokin shekaru daban-daban don [[List of alcoholic drinks|nau'ikan abin sha]] daban-daban.<ref name="IARD2">{{Cite web |date=January 2019 |title=Minimum Legal Age Limits |url=https://www.iard.org/science-resources/detail/Minimum-Legal-Age-Limits |access-date=18 October 2019 |website=IARD}}</ref>   Yawancin ƙasashe suna da mafi ƙarancin shekarun shan giya na doka na 18.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Misachi |first=John |date=21 December 2020 |title=Drinking Ages Around The World |url=https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/drinking-ages-around-the-world.html |access-date=7 July 2021 |website=Worldatlas.com}}</ref> Dalilin da aka fi sani da doka a bayan shekarun shan giya na doka shine tasirin kwakwalwa a cikin matasa. Tun da yake kwakwalwa har yanzu tana [[balaga]], barasa na iya samun mummunar tasiri a kan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da tunani na dogon lokaci. Tare da wannan, yana iya haifar da gazawar hanta, kuma ya haifar da Rashin daidaituwa na hormone a cikin matasa saboda sauye-sauye na yau da kullun da kuma balaga na hormones a lokacin balaga.<ref>{{Cite web |date=January 2006 |title=Underage Drinking |url=https://pubs.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/AA67/AA67.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060502053021/http://pubs.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/AA67/AA67.htm |archive-date=2 May 2006 |access-date=13 May 2018 |publisher=National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism}}</ref> Wasu ƙasashe suna da mafi ƙarancin shekarun shan giya na doka na 19 don hana kwararar abin sha a makarantun sakandare, yayin da wasu kamar [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]] suna da mafi karancin shekarun sayen doka na 21 (sai dai a cikin P.[[Puerto Rico|R.]] da USVI, inda shekarun shan giya shine 18) a ƙoƙarin rage yawan yawan yawan tuki mai shan giya tsakanin matasa da matasa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 April 2022 |title=Minimum legal drinking age of 21 saves lives &#124; CDC |url=https://www.cdc.gov/alcohol/fact-sheets/minimum-legal-drinking-age.htm#:~:text=A%20Minimum%20Legal%20Drinking%20Age,United%20States%20is%2021%20years}}</ref> Akwai ra'ayi da ake kira kungiyoyin yara, inda ake ba da mutane da ke ƙasa da shekarun shan giya na doka kuma ana ba da abin sha ba tare da barasa ba.<ref name=":02">{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=Are teen clubs safe for kids? |url=https://www.oklahoman.com/story/news/2004/03/04/are-teen-clubs-safe-for-kids/62000320007/ |access-date=1 May 2024 |website=The Oklahoman |language=en-US}}</ref> == Afirka == Mafi ƙarancin shekarun sayen barasa a Afirka shine 18. Koyaya, Angola (sai dai Lardin Luanda), Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya, Comoros, Equatorial Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, da Mali ba su da dokoki a kan littattafan da ke hana sayar da barasa ga yara. A Libya, Somalia da Sudan an haramta sayar da, samarwa da amfani da barasa gaba ɗaya. [haɗin da bai dace ba?] <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="The material near this tag may be based upon an improper synthesis of sources. (October 2018)">improper synthesis?</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> {| class="wikitable sortable" ! rowspan="2" style="width:12%;" |Country ! rowspan="2" style="width:12%;" |State/&#x2009;region/&#x2009;province ! colspan="2" style="width:20%;" |De jure ! rowspan="2" style="width:56%;" |Notes |- ! style="width:10%;" |Drinking age ! style="width:10%;" |Purchase age |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Algeria}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 July 2020 |title=Drinking age in Algeria |url=https://drinkingagein.com/algeria |access-date=29 October 2020 |website=Drinking Age in Countries Around the World |language=en |archive-date=18 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220418020458/https://drinkingagein.com/algeria |url-status=dead }}</ref> | style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="auto1">{{Cite web |title=Minimum Legal Age Limits |url=https://www.iard.org/science-resources/detail/Minimum-Legal-Age-Limits |access-date=5 November 2023 |website=International Alliance for Responsible Drinking |language=en}}</ref> |Order No. 26-75 (1975), Article 14 |- | rowspan="2" |{{Flag|Angola}} | | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="ACPF: MINIMUM AGE FOR SALE OF ALCOHOL">{{Cite web |title=PROTECTION FROM DRUG ABUSE/ MINIMUM AGE FOR SALE OF ALCOHOL AND DRUGS: INTERNATIONAL AND REGIONAL LAWS |url=http://www.africanchildforum.org/clr/Harmonisation%20of%20Laws%20in%20Africa/other-documents-harmonisation_8_en.pdf |access-date=12 March 2018 |publisher=The African Child Policy Forum}}</ref> |There is no national legislation prohibiting the sale of alcohol to minors. |- |Luanda Province | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="Decreto Executivo nº 87/08 de 10 julho">{{Cite web |title=Sobre o acesso de menores a espectáculos nocturnos, e o consumo e a comercialização de bebidas alcoólicas por menores |url=http://www.luanda.gov.ao/verlegislacao.aspx?id=434 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180209114749/http://www.luanda.gov.ao/verlegislacao.aspx?id=434 |archive-date=9 February 2018 |access-date=12 March 2018 |publisher=Governo Provincial de Luanda}}</ref> |Legislation in Luanda Province: It is prohibited to sell alcohol beverages to anyone under the age of 18. It is also prohibited for minors to buy and consume alcohol.<ref name="Decreto Executivo nº 87/08 de 10 julho" /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Benin}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |20 |Republic of Benin Report to UN Committee on the Rights of the Child CRC/C/BEN/2 (2005): * Article 8 of the decree of 10 June 1942 regulating the production, import, advertisement, sale, and consumption of alcohol beverages in French West Africa, prohibits the sale or free supply of alcohol beverages to minors under 20. * Article 13 stipulates fines ranging from CFAF 200,000 to CFAF 1 million for such offences, doubled in the case of repeat offences. * There are no official measures prohibiting children from consuming alcohol, tobacco or other substances harmful to their health. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Botswana}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="Botswana Liquor Act 2008">{{Cite web |title=Liquor Act 2008 – Section 32 |url=https://www.a-mla.org/images/acts/LIQOUR%20ACT,%202004.pdf.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180313032128/https://www.a-mla.org/images/acts/LIQOUR%20ACT,%202004.pdf.pdf |archive-date=13 March 2018 |access-date=12 March 2018 |publisher=Government of Botswana}}</ref> <small>(prohibited for any person to supply)</small><ref name="ACPF: MINIMUM AGE FOR SALE OF ALCOHOL" /> | align="center" |18<ref name="Botswana Liquor Act 2008" /> |It is prohibited for any person with a liquor license to sell or supply alcohol beverages to minors under the age of 18 years. Since the law only applies to licenses, it is not prohibited for minors to buy, consume, or possess alcohol beverages.<ref name="Botswana Liquor Act 2008" /> It is also prohibited for any person to expose or supply alcohol to a minor under the age of 18 years.<ref name="ACPF: MINIMUM AGE FOR SALE OF ALCOHOL" /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Burundi}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="Code Penal Burundi">{{Cite web |title=Code Pénal du Burundi – Article 501 et 502 |url=https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl-nat.nsf/0/cb9d300d8db9fc37c125707300338af2/$FILE/Code%20P%C3%A9nal%20du%20Burundi%20.pdf |access-date=12 March 2018 |publisher=MINISTRE DE LA JUSTICE ET GARDE}}</ref> | align="center" |18 <small>(unless accompanied by parent or legal guardian)</small><ref name="Code Penal Burundi" /> |It is prohibited for any person with a liquor license to sell or supply alcohol beverages to unaccompanied minors under the age of 18 years. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Cameroon}} | colspan="2" align="center" |21<br /><br />18 <small>(if accompanied by a person 21 years of age or older)</small><ref name="Cameroon Penal Code">{{Cite web |title=Law No. 2016/007 of July 12, 2016, relating to the Penal Code – Section 348 |url=http://www.wipo.int/wipolex/fr/text.jsp?file_id=425156 |access-date=12 March 2018}}</ref> |It is prohibited for any person with a liquor license to sell or supply alcohol beverages to anyone under 18 years of age. The law permits adults from the ages 18 to 21 to consume, purchase and buy alcohol beverages if accompanied by a person 21 years of age or older. Anyone over the age of 21 years may buy or consume alcohol unaccompanied. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Cape Verde}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="Cap Verde Liquor Law">{{Cite web |title=Lei n.° 27/V/97 |url=https://www.minsaude.gov.cv/index.php/documentosite/342-1-plano-alcool-b-o-i-serie-n-29-de-18-de-abril-de-2016/file |access-date=12 March 2018 |publisher=Imprensa Nacional de Cabo Verde |archive-date=10 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180310072221/http://minsaude.gov.cv/index.php/documentosite/342-1-plano-alcool-b-o-i-serie-n-29-de-18-de-abril-de-2016/file |url-status=dead }}</ref> | align="center" |18<ref name="Cap Verde Liquor Law" /> |It is prohibited for any person to sell or supply alcohol beverages to minors under the age of 18 years. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Central African Republic}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |15 <small>(off-premises)</small>, or 21 <small>(on-premises)</small><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2014 |title=WHO Global Alcohol Report Central African Republic |url=https://www.who.int/substance_abuse/publications/global_alcohol_report/profiles/caf.pdf |access-date=18 October 2018 |publisher=World Health Organization}}</ref> |It is prohibited for any person to sell or supply alcohol beverages to minors under the age of 15 years when sold or supplied off-premises (e.g., liquor stores, wine stores, and supermarkets). It is prohibited for any person to sell or supply alcohol beverages to minors under the age of 21 years when sold or supplied on-premises (e.g., restaurants, bars, and cafes).<ref name=":1" /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Chad}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18 |Law 2017-01 Penal Code Chapter 6 Articles 376–378 establish penalties for licensees who permit entry to youth below age 16 unaccompanied by a supervising adult, sell or offer alcohol beverages to youth below age 18 unaccompanied by a supervising adult, or serve a person below age 18 to intoxication. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Comoros}} | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2014 |title=WHO Global Alcohol Report Comoros |url=https://www.who.int/substance_abuse/publications/global_alcohol_report/profiles/com.pdf |access-date=18 October 2018 |publisher=World Health Organization}}</ref> |It is prohibited for any person to sell or supply alcohol beverages to minors under the age of 18 years.<ref name=":2" /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Democratic Republic of the Congo}} | colspan="2" align="center" |18 | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Djibouti}} | colspan="2" align="center" |None | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Egypt}} | colspan="2" align="center" |21 |Law No. 371 of 1956 concerning public shops and the resolutions implementing it |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Equatorial Guinea}} | colspan="2" align="center" |21<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014 |title=WHO Global Alcohol Report Equatorial Guinea |url=https://www.who.int/substance_abuse/publications/global_alcohol_report/profiles/gnq.pdf |access-date=18 October 2018 |publisher=World Health Organization}}</ref> | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Eritrea}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="Penal Code Eritrea">{{Cite web |title=Penal Code of Eritrea – Article 267 |url=https://www.unodc.org/res/cld/document/penal-code_html/PENAL_CODE_ERITREA.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180313092456/https://www.unodc.org/res/cld/document/penal-code_html/PENAL_CODE_ERITREA.pdf |archive-date=13 March 2018 |access-date=12 March 2018 |publisher=United Nations Office on Drugs and Crimes}}</ref> | align="center" |18<ref name="Penal Code Eritrea" /> |It is prohibited for any person to sell or serve alcohol beverages to minors under the age of 18 years. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Eswatini}} | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name="ACPF: MINIMUM AGE FOR SALE OF ALCOHOL" /> |Liquor Licenses Act (1964) Section 27 |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Ethiopia}} | colspan="2" align="center" |21<ref name="Penal of Ethiopia">{{Cite web |title=Criminal Code, 2004 – Article 531 & 818 |url=http://www.wipo.int/edocs/lexdocs/laws/en/et/et011en.pdf |access-date=12 March 2018 |publisher=WIPO}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ethiopia: Plans To Strengthen Alcohol Control |url=https://movendi.ngo/news/2019/02/06/ethiopia-improves-alcohol-control/ |access-date=5 November 2023 |website=Movendi International |language=en-US}}</ref> |It is prohibited for any person to sell, offer, serve or allow to serve alcohol beverages "in substantial quantities" to any infant or young person. The criminal code defines a young person as any person under the age of 18 years. But the Criminal Code Proclamation 414 (2004) states: "Whoever endangers the health of another, intentionally and unscrupulously, by administering or serving, or by causing or permitting to be administered or served, to minors (defined as anyone under the age of 18 years) (...) alcohol beverages or spirituous liquors of such kind or in such quantity as to make their injurious effect certain or probable, is punishable with simple imprisonment not exceeding one year, and fine." The Revised Family Code Proclamation No. 213 (2000) Article 215 defines a minor as anyone who has not attained the full age of 18. In 2019, the Ethiopian parliament passed a bill that bans a specific category of alcohol advertising in the media and also increases the age limit for purchasing alcohol from 18 to 21 years of age. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Gabon}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18 |Penal Code (1963), Article 209bis-1 |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Gambia}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="UN Committee on the Rights of the Child: State Party Report: Gambia">{{Cite web |title=Drug Control Decree and Decree No. 80 of 1996 |url=http://www.refworld.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/rwmain?page=search&docid=3df5a6d17&skip=0&query=liquor&coi=GMB |access-date=12 March 2018 |publisher=UN Committee on the Rights of the Child (CRC)}}</ref><ref name="ACPF: MINIMUM AGE FOR SALE OF ALCOHOL" /> | align="center" |16<ref name="UN Committee on the Rights of the Child: State Party Report: Gambia" /><ref name="ACPF: MINIMUM AGE FOR SALE OF ALCOHOL" /> |Under the Liquor License Act (1957) it is prohibited to sell, serve or supply alcohol beverages to "anyone under the apparent age of 16". A "young person" is defined as anyone under the age of 17 by the Children and Young Persons Act, 1949 Section 2. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Ghana}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="Ghana LIQUOR LICENSING ACT – 1970">{{Cite web |title=LIQUOR LICENSING ACT – 1970 (ACT 331) – Section 15 – Young Persons to be Excluded. |url=http://laws.ghanalegal.com/acts/id/87/section/15/Young_Persons_To_Be_Excluded |access-date=12 March 2018 |publisher=Ghana Legal |archive-date=20 January 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180120065432/http://laws.ghanalegal.com/acts/id/87/section/15/Young_Persons_To_Be_Excluded |url-status=dead }}</ref> | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Guinea-Bissau}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="ACPF: MINIMUM AGE FOR SALE OF ALCOHOL" /> | | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Kenya}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="ALCOHOLIC DRINKS CONTROL ACT KENYA">{{Cite web |title=ALCOHOLIC DRINKS CONTROL ACT – SECTION 28 |url=http://kenyalaw.org/kl/fileadmin/pdfdownloads/Acts/Alcoholic_Drinks_Control_Act__No4of2010.pdf |access-date=12 March 2018 |publisher=National Council for Law Reporting}}</ref> | align="center" |18<ref name="ALCOHOLIC DRINKS CONTROL ACT KENYA" /> |It is prohibited to sell, serve or supply alcohol beverages to anyone under the age of 18 years. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Lesotho}} | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name="LIQUOR LICENSING ACT 1998 LESOTHO">{{Cite web |title=LIQUOR LICENSING ACT 1998 – Section 39 |url=https://www.lesothotradeportal.org.ls/index.php?r=site/display&id=57#39 |access-date=12 March 2018 |publisher=Ministry of Tourism Environment and Culture |archive-date=13 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180313092438/https://www.lesothotradeportal.org.ls/index.php?r=site%2Fdisplay&id=57#39 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |It is prohibited to sell, serve or supply any alcohol beverage to a minor under the age of 18 years. It is also prohibited for minors to consume, buy or attempt to buy alcohol. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Liberia}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18 |It is prohibited to sell, serve or supply alcohol beverages to anyone under the age of 18 years; "this section shall not apply to a parent or guardian who serves an alcoholic beverage to his child or ward" Penal Law of 1976 Sec 16. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Libya}} | colspan="2" align="center" |Prohibited for all ages |Previously Article 498 of the Libyan Penal Code prohibited the sale of alcohol beverages to juveniles under the age of 16 years.<ref name="ACPF: MINIMUM AGE FOR SALE OF ALCOHOL" /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Malawi}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="Malawi Liquor Act">{{Cite web |title=Liquor Act -Section 74 |url=http://www.africanchildinfo.net/clr/Legislation%20Per%20Country/Malawi/malawi_liquor_1979_en.pdf |access-date=12 March 2018 |publisher=The African Child Information Hub}}</ref> |It is prohibited to sell, serve or supply alcohol beverages to anyone under the age of 18 years. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Mauritania}} | colspan="2" align="center" |Prohibited for all ages<ref>{{Cite web |title=Minimum Legal Drinking Age in Other Countries - Drinking Age - ProCon.org |url=https://drinkingage.procon.org/minimum-legal-drinking-age-in-other-countries/ |access-date=2 January 2021 |website=Drinking Age |language=en-US}}</ref> | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Mauritius}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="Mauritius Child Protection Act, 1995">{{Cite web |title=Child Protection Act, 1995 Section 16 |url=http://dpp.govmu.org/English/Documents/Legislation/CHILD%20PROTECTION.pdf |access-date=12 March 2018 |publisher=Office of the Director of Public Prosecutions |archive-date=13 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180313032146/http://dpp.govmu.org/English/Documents/Legislation/CHILD%20PROTECTION.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> |It is prohibited to sell, serve, or supply alcoholic beverages to anyone under the age of 18 years. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Morocco}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |Restricted to 16 for non-Muslims,<br /><br />Prohibited for Muslims |Legislative Decision No. 3.177.66 of 1967 Art 28–29 |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Mozambique}} | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name="Sanções duras para infractores do novo regulamento">{{Cite web |title=Sanções duras para infractores do novo regulamento |url=http://jornaldomingo.co.mz/index.php/sociedade/2053-sancoes-duras-para-infractores-do-novo-regulamento |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180313155745/http://jornaldomingo.co.mz/index.php/sociedade/2053-sancoes-duras-para-infractores-do-novo-regulamento |archive-date=13 March 2018 |access-date=12 March 2018 |publisher=Domingo}}</ref> |Decree 54/2013 Regulations on the Control of the Production, Sale and Consumption of Alcoholic Beverages (2013), Article 5 (Prohibitions) |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Namibia}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="Namibia Liquor Act 6 of 1998">{{Cite web |title=Liquor Act 6 of 1998 |url=http://www.lac.org.na/laws/annoREG/Liquor%20Act%206%20of%201998%20-%20Regulations%202001-142%20(annotated).pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180313031902/http://www.lac.org.na/laws/annoREG/Liquor%20Act%206%20of%201998%20-%20Regulations%202001-142%20(annotated).pdf |archive-date=13 March 2018 |access-date=12 March 2018 |publisher=Legal Assistance Centre}}</ref> |It is prohibited to sell, serve or supply alcohol beverages to anyone under the age of 18 years. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Niger}} | colspan="2" align="center" |18 |Penal Code Article 302 |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Nigeria}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None (at national level)<ref name="ACPF: MINIMUM AGE FOR SALE OF ALCOHOL" /> | style="text-align:center;" |None (all other states)<br /><br />18 in Abuja<br /><br />Prohibited in Borno |For Abuja: Municipal Area Council Bye-Law 2001 Sec 15 |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Republic of the Congo}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="LOI N° 4-2010 DU 14 JUIN 2010">{{Cite web |title=LOI N° 4-2010 DU 14 JUIN 2010 Article 123 |url=https://www.unicef.org/wcaro/wcaro_CONG_childprotection_framework_2010.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150912163001/http://www.unicef.org/wcaro/wcaro_CONG_childprotection_framework_2010.pdf |archive-date=12 September 2015 |access-date=12 March 2018 |publisher=UNICEF}}</ref> | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Rwanda}} | colspan="2" align="center" |18 |Organic Law implementing the Penal Code N°01/2012/OL Articles 217 and 219 |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Senegal}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="N° 3097/MINT/DAGAT/DEL/DB">{{Cite web |title=N° 3097/MINT/DAGAT/DEL/DB |url=http://www.servicepublic.gouv.sn/assets/textes/debits_de_boisson.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180218232139/http://www.servicepublic.gouv.sn/assets/textes/debits_de_boisson.pdf |archive-date=18 February 2018 |access-date=12 March 2018 |publisher=REPUBLIQUE DU SENEGAL MINISTRE DE L'INTERIEUR}}</ref> | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Saint Helena}} | colspan="2" align="center" |18 <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 June 2021 |title=Underage Drinking |url=https://www.sainthelena.gov.sh/2021/news/underage-drinking/}}</ref> | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Seychelles}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18 |Chapter 113 Licenses Act (2010) * Subsidiary Legislation: Licenses (Manufacturing) Regulation (1987), Article 8(5)(page 20): ** In the case of manufacturing and processing of liquor, tobacco and tobacco products, the license holder shall (i) not deliver or sell liquor to, or allow any consumption of liquor by, any person under the age of 18 years or deliver or sell tobacco or tobacco products or allow it to be used on the premises by such a person; * Subsidiary Legislation: Licenses (Liquor and Outdoor Entertainment) Regulations (1998), Article 14 (page 28): ** (1) The holder of a license, his servant or agent shall not (a) employ or allow a person under the age of 18 years, ... (b) sell or deliver liquor, cigarettes or tobacco products to, or allow liquor to be consumed or cigarettes or any tobacco products to be used by any person under the age of 18 years on the premises; ... (i) admit any person under the age of 18 years to a premises licensed as a public bar, toddy bar or at the premises licensed to manufacture and sell baka or lapire;... |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Somalia}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |Prohibited for all ages<ref name="Acsom">{{Cite web |title=WHO Global Alcohol Report Somalia |url=https://www.who.int/substance_abuse/publications/global_alcohol_report/profiles/som.pdf |access-date=29 November 2014 |publisher=World Health Organization}}</ref> | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|South Africa}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18 |The parent, adult guardian of a minor or a person responsible for administering a religious sacrament, may on occasion supply to that minor a moderate quantity of liquor to be consumed by the minor in the presence and under the supervision of that parent, guardian or other person.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Department of Trade & Industry |date=26 April 2004 |title=The National Liquor Act, 59 of 2003 |url=http://www.thedti.gov.za/business_regulation/docs/nla/act2003.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=Government Gazette |volume=446 |issue=26294 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190106232633/http://www.thedti.gov.za/business_regulation/docs/nla/act2003.pdf%20 |archive-date=6 January 2019 |access-date=8 January 2013}}</ref> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|South Sudan}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="ACPF: MINIMUM AGE FOR SALE OF ALCOHOL" /> | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Sudan}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |Restricted to non-Muslims<br /><br />Muslims: Prohibited for all ages<br /><br />Non-Muslims: Unknown<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sudan: Country Specific Information |url=https://travel.state.gov/travel/cis_pa_tw/cis/cis_1029.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140111012511/http://travel.state.gov/travel/cis_pa_tw/cis/cis_1029.html |archive-date=11 January 2014 |publisher=[[U.S. Department of State]]}}</ref> |Penal Code 1991, Art 78–79 |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Tanzania}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="Tanzania Law of the Child Act 2009">{{Cite web |title=Law of the Child Act 2009 – Section 17 |url=http://www.mcdgc.go.tz/data/Law_of_the_Child_Act_2009.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161213055536/http://www.mcdgc.go.tz/data/Law_of_the_Child_Act_2009.pdf |archive-date=13 December 2016 |access-date=12 March 2018 |publisher=Tanzania Ministry of Health, Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children}}</ref> | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Togo}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="ACPF: MINIMUM AGE FOR SALE OF ALCOHOL" /> | align="center" |20<ref name="auto1" /><br /><br />18 ^{(beer, wine and cider)} |Ordinance No. 34 of 1967 Code of alcohol beverage outlets and anti-alcoholism measures Art 29 |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Tunisia}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | style="text-align:center;" |18 |Law 2004-75 Article 4 prohibits entry to night clubs to those under 18 with an exception for accompanied persons between 16 and 18 in certain venues, sale of alcohol beverages to whom is prohibited. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Uganda}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="Liquor Act 1960, Uganda">{{Cite web |title=Liquor Act 1960 – Section 19 |url=https://ulii.org/ug/legislation/consolidated-act/93 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612142941/https://ulii.org/ug/legislation/consolidated-act/93 |archive-date=12 June 2018 |access-date=12 March 2018 |publisher=Uganda Legal Information Institute}}</ref> | align="center" |18<br /><br />16 ^{(wine, beer, porter, cider, perry or native liquor with meal)}<ref name="Liquor Act 1960, Uganda" /> |It is prohibited for any licensee to sell, serve or supply alcohol beverages to anyone under the age of 18 years. The law provides an exception for anyone who is 16 or 17 years of age, and consumes a fermented alcohol drink with a meal, in a part of a licensed premises that serves meals and is not a bar. |- | colspan="2" |''{{Flag|Western Sahara}}'' | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="ACPF: MINIMUM AGE FOR SALE OF ALCOHOL" /> | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Zambia}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="Liquor Licensing Act 2011, Zambia">{{Cite web |title=THE LIQUOR LICENSING ACT, 2011 – Section 36 |url=http://www.parliament.gov.zm/sites/default/files/documents/acts/Liqour%20Licensing%20Act%2C%202011.pdf |access-date=12 March 2018 |publisher=Government of Zambia}}</ref><br /><br />16 ^{(traditional beer)} |It is prohibited for any person with a liquor license, to sell, serve or supply alcohol beverages to anyone under 18 years of age. Before the Liquor Licensing Act was enacted in 2011, the minimum age to sell, serve and supply alcohol beverages was 14 years. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Zimbabwe}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="CHILDREN'S ACT ZIMBABWE">{{Cite web |title=CHILDREN'S ACT – Section 78 |url=https://www.ilo.org/dyn/natlex/docs/ELECTRONIC/76958/88827/F-860336063/ZWE76958.pdf |access-date=12 March 2018 |publisher=International Labour Organisation}}</ref> | align="center" |18 <small>(except with parent or guardian consent)</small> |Liquor Act Article 116 Prohibited conduct by persons in general (1) No person shall— ... (l) being a person to whom in terms of this Act the sale of liquor is prohibited, purchase or attempt to purchase liquor in contravention of such provision; .... (o) sell, lend, give, supply or deliver, or offer so to do, any liquor to any person under the age of eighteen years except with the consent of the parent or guardian of that person. Children's Act Section 78 – It is prohibited for any person to sell, lend, give, supply, deliver or offer alcohol beverages to any child under the age of 16 years, except upon production of a written order signed by the parent or guardian of the child known to such person. The police has the duty to seize any alcohol beverage in the possession of a child under the age of 16 years without a written consent of the parents or legal guardian.<ref name="CHILDREN'S ACT ZIMBABWE" /> |} == Amurka == A Amurka ta tsakiya, Caribbean, da Amurka ta Kudu shekarun shan giya da shekarun sayen doka sun bambanta daga 0 zuwa 20 shekaru (duba tebur da ke ƙasa). A Kudancin Amurka musamman, shekarun sayen doka shine shekaru 18, tare da banbanci biyu: * A Paraguay, shekarun shan giya da sayen doka shine shekaru 20. * A Guyana, yara masu shekaru 16 ko 17 na iya cin gilashin giya ko ruwan inabi a gidan cin abinci idan sun sayi abinci. A Arewacin Amurka shekarun shan giya da shekarun sayen doka sun bambanta daga shekaru 18 zuwa 21: * A Mexico, shekarun shan giya shine 18 a duk jihohi. * A Amurka, mafi ƙarancin shekarun doka don siyan abin sha galibi shekaru 21; ban da biyu sune Puerto Rico da Virgin Islands inda shekaru ke da 18. Shekarar shan giya ta doka ta bambanta da jihar, kuma jihohi da yawa ba su da bukatun shekaru don kula da shan giya tare da iyayen mutum ko masu kula da doka. * A Kanada, yawancin larduna suna da mafi ƙarancin shekaru 19 don sayen ko shan barasa, yayin da a Alberta, Manitoba, da Quebec, mafi ƙaranci shekaru shine shekaru 18. Gundumomi da yawa suna ba da izinin yara su sha barasa idan iyayensu / masu kula da su ne suka ba su, kuma ana cinye su a ƙarƙashin kulawarsu a gidansu.<ref>{{Cite web |year=2021 |title=Liquor License Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. L. 19 |url=https://www.ontario.ca/laws/statute/90l19 |access-date=5 October 2021 |website=www.ontario.ca |publisher=Queen's Printer for Ontario}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=3 July 2021 |title=Summer Safety: What you need to know about serving alcohol in your home |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/hamilton/headlines/summer-safety-what-you-need-to-know-about-serving-alcohol-in-your-home-1.1319229 |access-date=5 October 2021 |website=www.cbc.ca |publisher=Canadian Broadcasting Corporation}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |year=2010 |title=What are some underage drinking facts in Canada? |url=https://faq.drugrehab.ca/underage-drinking-facts-in-canada |access-date=5 October 2021 |website=drugrehab.ca}}</ref> Don ƙarin bayani duba Alcoholic drinks in Canada § Age. A ƙarshen karni na 20, yawancin Arewacin Amurka sun canza mafi ƙarancin shekarun shan giya (MLDAs) kamar haka:   {| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible" ! rowspan="2" style="width:12%;" |Country ! rowspan="2" style="width:12%;" |State/&#x2009;region/&#x2009;province ! colspan="2" style="width:20%;" |De jure ! rowspan="2" style="width:56%;" |Notes |- ! style="width:10%;" |Drinking age ! style="width:10%;" |Purchase age |- | colspan="2" |''{{Flag|Anguilla}}'' | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="L075-00-Liquor Licences Act">{{Cite web |title=L075-00-Liquor Licences Act – 27. |url=http://www.gov.ai/laws/L075-00-Liquor%20Licences%20Act/ |access-date=18 March 2018 |publisher=Government of Anguilla}}</ref> | align="center" |18<ref name="L075-00-Liquor Licences Act" /> |It is prohibited to sell or serve alcohol drinks to anyone under the age of 18 years. Violating the regulation is punished with a $9,600 fine. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Antigua and Barbuda}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |16 <small>(on premises)</small> None <small>(off premises)<ref>{{Cite web |title=THE LICENSING (INTOXICATING LIQUOR) ACT – CHAPTER 249 – PART V – 24. |url=http://www.laws.gov.ag/acts/chapters/cap-249.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150103005432/http://www.laws.gov.ag/acts/chapters/cap-249.pdf |archive-date=3 January 2015 |access-date=9 January 2015 |publisher=laws.gov.ag}}</ref></small> |The sale and distribution of alcohol to a person under 16 years of age, and purchase by persons under 16 years of age, for consumption in licensed premises are prohibited. ID is rarely requested. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Argentina}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref>{{Cite web |date=31 March 1997 |title=Ley Nacional De Lucha Contra El Alcoholismo |url=http://servicios.infoleg.gob.ar/infolegInternet/anexos/40000-44999/42480/norma.htm |access-date=7 October 2019 |language=es}}</ref> |Drinking age is rarely enforced. ID is almost never requested. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Bahamas}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref>{{Cite web |title=CHILD PROTECTION ACT – PART VI – CARE AND PROTECTION OF CHILDREN SUPERVISION ORDERS – 62. (4) |url=http://laws.bahamas.gov.bs/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/2007/2007-0001/ChildProtectionAct_1.pdf |access-date=18 March 2018 |publisher=Government of the Bahamas |archive-date=15 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230615145832/https://laws.bahamas.gov.bs/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/2007/2007-0001/ChildProtectionAct_1.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> |It is prohibited for any adult to sell, serve or supply any alcohol beverage to a child (defined as anyone under the age of 18 years). The law provides an exception to treat an illness in urgent cases or upon order by a medical doctor. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Barbados}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18 |It is prohibited to sell or serve any alcohol beverage to anyone under the age of 18 years. Previously 16, the President of the Barbados Road Safety Association pushed to raise the drinking age to 18 years because the law was often violated. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Belize}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="Liquor Licences Act BVI">{{Cite web |title=Liquor Licences Act (Cap. 106) – PART IV – 34: Sale of intoxicating liquor to children. |url=http://www.ird.gov.vg/Portals/0/Liquor%20Licences%20Act%20%28Cap.%20106%29.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150103005633/http://www.ird.gov.vg/Portals/0/Liquor%20Licences%20Act%20%28Cap.%20106%29.pdf |archive-date=3 January 2015 |access-date=9 January 2015 |publisher=ird.gov.vg}}</ref> |Drinking age is rarely enforced. ID is almost never requested. |- | colspan="2" |''{{Flag|Bermuda}}'' | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="Liquor Licences Act Bermuda">{{Cite web |title=LIQUOR LICENCE ACT 1974 – Procuring drink for drunken person or minor 42. |url=http://www.cada.bm/images/articles/Bermuda_Liquor_Licence_Act_1974_-_with_2010_amendments_incorporated.pdf |access-date=9 January 2015 |publisher=cada.bm |archive-date=18 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211118091850/http://www.cada.bm/images/articles/Bermuda_Liquor_Licence_Act_1974_-_with_2010_amendments_incorporated.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> |It is prohibited to sell or serve any alcohol beverage to a child under the age of 18 years. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Bolivia}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18 |It is prohibited to sell or serve alcohol beverages to minors under the age of 18 years. Law 259 Against the Sale and Consumption of Alcoholic Beverages (2012) Article 20 |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Brazil}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="Brazil Lei 13.106/2015">{{Cite web |title=LEI Nº 13.106, DE 17 DE MARÇO DE 2015. Art. 1o, Art. 2o |url=http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_ato2015-2018/2015/lei/l13106.htm |access-date=18 March 2018 |publisher=Presidência da República Casa Civil}}</ref> | align="center" |18<ref name="Brazil Lei 13.106/2015" /> |It is prohibited to sell, serve or supply any alcohol beverage to a person under 18 years of age. The presidential law enacted on 17 March 2015 made any violation of the law a criminal offence. Any adult person selling, serving, giving or supplying alcohol beverages to a minor is punished with imprisonment of 2 to 4 years, a fine of R$3.000 to R$10.000 and a ban to operate any business selling or serving alcohol. |- | colspan="2" |''{{Flag|British Virgin Islands}}'' | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |16<ref name="Liquor Licences Act BVI" /> |It is prohibited to sell or to supply alcohol to anyone under the age of 16. ID is rarely requested. |- | rowspan="2" |{{Flag|Canada}} |{{Flag|Alberta}}<br /><br />{{Flag|Manitoba}}<br /><br />{{Flag|Quebec}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="Alberta GAMING AND LIQUOR ACT" /><ref name="Manitoba The Liquor and Gaming Control Act" /><ref name="Quebec ACT RESPECTING LIQUOR PERMITS" /> |In Alberta no person may give or sell or permit any person to give or sell liquor to a minor in licensed premises.<ref name="Alberta GAMING AND LIQUOR ACT">{{Cite web |title=GAMING AND LIQUOR ACT – Supplying liquor to minor – 75 |url=http://www.qp.alberta.ca/documents/Acts/g01.pdf |access-date=18 March 2018 |publisher=Alberta Queen's Printer |archive-date=7 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220507155302/https://www.qp.alberta.ca/documents/Acts/g01.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> In Manitoba a person must not give, sell or otherwise supply liquor to a minor. The law provides exceptions for a doctor, dentist, pharmacist or other health care professional for medical purposes; for sacramental purposes and by the parent, guardian, spouse or common-law partner, if it is given or supplied in a residence.<ref name="Manitoba The Liquor and Gaming Control Act">{{Cite web |title=The Liquor and Gaming Control Act – No providing liquor to minors – 62 (1) and (2) |url=http://web2.gov.mb.ca/laws/statutes/ccsm/l153e.php |access-date=18 March 2018 |publisher=Manitoba Queen's Printer}}</ref> In Quebec the law prohibits the sale of alcohol beverages to a minor under the age of 18 years.<ref name="Quebec ACT RESPECTING LIQUOR PERMITS">{{Cite web |title=ACT RESPECTING LIQUOR PERMITS |url=http://legisquebec.gouv.qc.ca/en/ShowDoc/cs/P-9.1 |access-date=18 March 2018 |publisher=Gouvernement du Québec}}</ref> |- |{{Flag|Ontario}}<br /><br />{{Flag|Saskatchewan}}<br /><br />{{Flag|British Columbia}}<br /><br />{{Flag|Newfoundland and Labrador}}<br /><br />{{Flag|Nova Scotia}}<br /><br />{{Flag|New Brunswick}}<br /><br />{{Flag|Prince Edward Island}}<br /><br />{{Flag|Northwest Territories}}<br /><br />{{Flag|Yukon}}<br /><br />{{Flag|Nunavut}} | style="text-align:center;" |None | align="center" |19 |Ontario's Liquor Licence Act permits the supply and consumption of liquor to those under the age of 19. However, supplying a person under the age of 19 is restricted to the person's parent or legal guardian, and may only occur in a residence or in a private place of the parent or legal guardian. A person under the age of 19 who was supplied liquor in this manner is permitted to consume the liquor only in the place it was supplied.<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 July 2014 |title=Liquor Licence Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. L.19 s.30 Rules, persons under 19 |url=https://www.ontario.ca/laws/statute/90l19#BK34 |access-date=16 October 2018 |publisher=Queen's Printer for Ontario}}</ref> |- | colspan="2" |''{{Flag|Cayman Islands}}'' | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="LIQUOR LICENSING LAW">{{Cite web |title=LIQUOR LICENSING LAW – 21., 22. |url=http://www.gov.ky/pls/portal/docs/PAGE/CIGHOME/FIND/ORGANISATIONS/AZAGENCIES/POL/INFORMATIONGUIDES/FREQUENTLYCONSULTEDLAWS/LIQUOR2000.PDF |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150912014454/http://www.gov.ky/pls/portal/docs/PAGE/CIGHOME/FIND/ORGANISATIONS/AZAGENCIES/POL/INFORMATIONGUIDES/FREQUENTLYCONSULTEDLAWS/LIQUOR2000.PDF |archive-date=12 September 2015 |access-date=9 January 2015 |publisher=gov.ky}}</ref> |It is prohibited to sell, serve or supply alcohol beverages to anyone under the age of 18 years. It is also prohibited for any minor to buy, attempt to buy or consume alcohol beverages. Violation of the law is punished with a fine of five thousand dollars, and the court may, if the offence was committed by the licensee, order that the licensee shall forfeit his licence and that no licence may be issued to that person for a period not exceeding ten years from the date of his conviction. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Chile}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="IARD"/> |The minimum age is 18 to enter an enclosure that sells alcohol beverages. Selling alcohol to a minor may incur a fine. One must provide identification upon request. Residents of Chile over the age of 18 must carry their Chilean identification card issued by the Civil Registry and Identification Service at all times.<ref>{{Cite web |title=LAW ON EXPENDITURE AND CONSUMPTION OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES |url=https://www.leychile.cl/Navegar?idNorma=220208 |access-date=7 September 2017 |language=es}}</ref> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Colombia}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="Colombia LEY 124 DE 1994">{{Cite web |title=LEY 124 DE 1994 – Artículo 1º. |url=http://www.alcaldiabogota.gov.co/sisjur/normas/Norma1.jsp?i=291 |access-date=18 March 2018 |publisher=Secretaría Jurídica Distrital de la Alcaldía Mayor de Bogotá D.C}}</ref> |The law prohibits the sale of alcohol to a minor (anyone under the age of 18 years). It is not prohibited for minors to buy, attempt to buy or consume alcohol.<ref name="Colombia LEY 124 DE 1994" /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Costa Rica}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="Costa Rica Ley n.º 7633">{{Cite web |title=Ley n.º 7633 – REGULACIÓN DE HORARIOS DE FUNCIONAMIENTO EN EXPENDIOS DE BEBIDAS ALCOHÓLICAS – ARTÍCULO 5.- |url=http://www.tse.go.cr/pdf/normativa/leyderegulaciondehorarios.pdf |access-date=18 March 2018 |publisher=Secretaría Jurídica Distrital de la Alcaldía Mayor de Bogotá D.C}}</ref> |The law prohibits the sale of alcohol to a minor (anyone under the age of 18 years). Selling alcohol to a minor will be punished with a fine equivalent to ten basic salaries. Whoever permits minors to maintain in any establishment which main purpose is to sell alcohol beverages, will be sanctioned with a fine equivalent to five salaries. It is not prohibited for minors to buy, attempt to buy or consume alcohol.<ref name="Costa Rica Ley n.º 7633" /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Cuba}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |16<ref name="Cuba CODIGO PENAL">{{Cite web |title=CODIGO PENAL – ARTICULO 313.1.- |url=https://www.gacetaoficial.gob.cu/html/ipenal.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161019063656/http://www.gacetaoficial.gob.cu/html/ipenal.html |archive-date=19 October 2016 |access-date=18 March 2018 |publisher=gacetaoficial.gob.cu}}</ref> |The penal code prohibits any adult to induce any young person under the age of 16 years, to habitually consume alcohol beverages. However this means that de facto anyone selling, serving or supplying alcohol should check if the buyer has attained the age of 16 years. In most cases this law is not strictly enforced.<ref name="Cuba CODIGO PENAL" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=20 November 2013 |title=Tragos amargos |url=http://www.cubahora.cu/sociedad/tragos-amargos |access-date=18 March 2018 |publisher=CUBAHORA}}</ref> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Dominica}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |16 |Laws of Dominica Liquor Licences Act Chapter 70:03, Part IV, Sec 15(f) |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Dominican Republic}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="Alcohol y menores">{{Cite web |title=Alcohol y menores de edad |url=http://www.cnd.com.do/index.php/alcohol-y-menores/introduccion |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150103005732/http://www.cnd.com.do/index.php/alcohol-y-menores/introduccion |archive-date=3 January 2015 |access-date=9 January 2015 |publisher=cnd.com.do}}</ref> | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Ecuador}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="Ley Ecuador">{{Cite web |title=REGLAMENTO GENERAL A LA LEY ORGANICA DE DEFENSA DEL CONSUMIDOR PUBLICADA EN EL SUPLEMENTO DEL REGISTRO OFICIAL No. 116 DEL 10 DE JULIO DEL 2000. – Art. 54.- b) |url=http://www.dpe.gob.ec/wp-content/dpetransparencia2014/literala/BaseLegalQueRigeLaInstitucion/ReglamentoLeyOrganicaConsumidor.pdf |access-date=18 March 2018 |publisher=Secretario General de la Administración Pública |archive-date=3 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210803213955/http://www.dpe.gob.ec/wp-content/dpetransparencia2014/literala/BaseLegalQueRigeLaInstitucion/ReglamentoLeyOrganicaConsumidor.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> |It is prohibited to sell alcohol beverages to a minor under the age of 18 years of age. The law obligates establishments to place a visible notice at the point of sale and to check identification to enforce the law. However it is not prohibited for minors to buy, attempt to buy or consume alcohol.<ref name="Ley Ecuador" /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|El Salvador}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="LEY REGULADORA DE LA PRODUCCION Y COMERCIALIZACION DEL ALCOHOL Y DE LAS BEBIDAS ALCOHOLICAS">{{Cite web |title=LEY REGULADORA DE LA PRODUCCION Y COMERCIALIZACION DEL ALCOHOL Y DE LAS BEBIDAS ALCOHOLICAS – Art. 49.- |url=https://sansalvador.gob.sv/phocadownload/userupload/Sindicatura/LEY-REGULADORA-DE-LA-PRODUCCION-Y-COMERCIALIZACION-DE-ALCOHOL-Y-BEBIDAS-ALCOHOLICAS.pdf |access-date=18 March 2018 |publisher=Gobierno de San Salvador |archive-date=18 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211118091846/https://sansalvador.gob.sv/phocadownload/userupload/Sindicatura/LEY-REGULADORA-DE-LA-PRODUCCION-Y-COMERCIALIZACION-DE-ALCOHOL-Y-BEBIDAS-ALCOHOLICAS.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> |It is strictly prohibited to sell or serve alcohol beverages to a minor under the age of 18 years. Violation of the law is punished with ₡25,000.00 and if convicted once more the license will be suspended for a period of six months. It is legal for minors to buy, attempt to buy and consume alcohol.<ref name="LEY REGULADORA DE LA PRODUCCION Y COMERCIALIZACION DEL ALCOHOL Y DE LAS BEBIDAS ALCOHOLICAS" /> |- | colspan="2" |''{{Flag|Falkland Islands}}'' | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="Control of Drinking by Juveniles Ordinance 1993">{{Cite web |title=Control of Drinking by Juveniles Ordinance 1993 – Sections 3, 4 and 5 |url=https://www.legislation.gov.fk/view/whole/inforce/2018-03-18/fiord-1993-3?query=((Repealed%253DN%2520AND%2520DocType%253D%2522fiord%2522%2520AND%2520PitValid%253D%2540pointInTime(20180318174407)%2520AND%2520DocStatus%253D%2522inforce%2522)%2520OR%2520(Repealed%253DN%2520AND%2520DocType%253D%2522fisl%2522%2520AND%2520PitValid%253D%2540pointInTime(20180318174407)%2520AND%2520DocStatus%253D%2522inforce%2522))%2520AND%2520Year%253D1993&displayQuery=[{%22name%22:%22Document%20types%22,%22value%22:%22In%20force%20Ordinances,%20In%20force%20Secondary%20Legislation%22},{%22name%22:%22Query%22},{%22name%22:%22Year%22,%22value%22:%221993%22,%22operator%22:%22AND%22},{%22name%22:%22Number%22,%22operator%22:%22AND%22},{%22name%22:%22Point%20in%20time%22,%22value%22:%2218/03/2018%22,%22operator%22:%22AND%22}]#sec.4 |access-date=18 March 2018 |publisher=Government of the Falkland Islands}}</ref> |It is prohibited for any adult to sell, give or provide alcohol to a minor under the age of 18 years in any public place or licensed premises. Parents may permit their children to consume alcohol on private premises. Minors consuming alcohol in public are committing a criminal offence. The law provides exceptions for the consumption of alcohol by minors for prescription of or at the direction of a government medical officer or in the course of the administration of Holy Communion according to the rites of any Christian denomination.<ref name="Control of Drinking by Juveniles Ordinance 1993" /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Grenada}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |16<br /><br />None <small>(off-premise)</small> |Chapter 174 Liquor Dealers' Licenses Act (1988), accessible through the Laws of Grenada Portal |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Guatemala}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="Guatemala DECRETO NUMERO 90-97">{{Cite web |title=Decreto 90–97 – Artículo 50. |url=http://www.cicad.oas.org/fortalecimiento_institucional/legislations/pdf/gt/decreto_congresional_90-97.pdf |access-date=7 August 2021 |publisher=EL Congreso de la República de Guatemala}}</ref> |It is prohibited to sell, serve or supply any alcohol drink to a minor under 18 years of age on any establishment or in the street. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Guyana}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<br /><br />16 <small>(on-premise for wine or malt liquor with a meal)</small><ref name="Guyana Intoxicating Liquor Licensing Act">{{Cite web |title=Intoxicating Liquor Licensing Act – Section 55 |url=http://www.guyaneselawyer.com/lawsofguyana/Laws/cap8221.pdf |access-date=9 January 2015 |publisher=EL CONGRESO DE LA REPUBLICA DE GUATEMALA}}</ref> |It is prohibited to sell or serve alcohol to a person under 18 years of age. The law provides an exception for minors aged 16 and 17, if they consume a glass of beer, wine or cider with a meal in a restaurant. Otherwise attempting to buy alcohol or buying alcohol as a minor is an offence.<ref name="Guyana Intoxicating Liquor Licensing Act" /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Haiti}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |None <small>(at national level)</small> |In the capital Port-au-Prince, it is prohibited to sell or serve alcohol to minors under 18 years old from 17 May 2017. Vendors are required to check identification.<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 May 2015 |title=HAITI: Interdiction de vendre de l'alcool aux mineurs informe le chef du parquet |url=http://news.anmwe.com/haiti-interdiction-de-vendre-de-lalcool-aux-mineurs-informe-le-chef-du-parquet/ |access-date=17 October 2019 |publisher=Anmwe News}}</ref> The Senate voted on a proposed Law on the protection of minors from alcohol beverages, to establish a legal purchase age of 18 and related implementation measures, in December 2012. The law has not yet been approved and enacted. ''Law prohibiting minors entry to entertainment venues'' Article 1 prohibits those under the age of 16 from entering cinemas and theaters (except during children's programming), clubs, cafes, or venues licensed to sell alcohol beverages. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Honduras}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18 |Law for Police Enforcement and Social Coexistence Decree 226 (2001) Article 68 bans the sale of alcohol to minors; The definition of punishable gang activity for minors aged 12–18 includes drinking alcohol beverages in public places (Art 90–91). Code of Children and Adolescents Decree 73 (1996) |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Jamaica}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="Child Care and Protection Act Jamaica">{{Cite web |title=Child Care and Protection Act – Section 40 |url=http://moj.gov.jm/sites/default/files/laws/Child%20Care%20and%20Protection%20Act_0.pdf |access-date=9 January 2015 |publisher=Government of Jamaica |archive-date=19 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220319031305/https://moj.gov.jm/sites/default/files/laws/Child%20Care%20and%20Protection%20Act_0.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> |It is prohibited to sell or serve any alcohol beverage to a child (which is defined as anyone under the age of 18 years).<ref name="Child Care and Protection Act Jamaica" /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Mexico}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="IARD" /> |All Mexican states prohibit the sale of alcohol to any person under 18 years old. Identification is required for age verification. Some states may allow minors to consume alcoholic beverages with parental consent.<ref>{{Cite web |title=¿Cuál es la edad mínima para consumir alcohol en México? |url=https://www.velasresorts.com.mx/faq/destinos/cul-es-la-edad-mnima-para-consumir-alcohol-en-mxico}}</ref> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Nicaragua}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="PROHIBICIÓN VENTA DE LICOR A MENORES DE DIECIOCHO AÑOS">{{Cite web |date=2014 |title=CÓDIGO DE LA NIÑEZ Y LA ADOLESCENCIA. LEY No. 287 |url=https://www.nicasalud.org.ni/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/CODIGO-DE-LA-NI%C3%91EZ-ADOLESCENCIA-Y-LA-FAMILIA-2014.pdf |access-date=17 October 2019 |publisher=Asamblea Nacional de la República de Nicaragua}}</ref> | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Panama}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref>{{Cite web |title=EL CONSEJO NACIONAL DE LEGISLACION DECRETA: CAPITULO PRIMERO IMPUESTOS SOBRE EXPENDIO DE BEBIDAS ALCOHOLICAS. |url=http://extwprlegs1.fao.org/docs/pdf/pan41786.pdf |access-date=9 January 2015 |publisher=Consejo Nacional de Legislación |archive-date=7 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220507155229/http://extwprlegs1.fao.org/docs/pdf/pan41786.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Paraguay}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |20<ref>{{Cite web |date=13 June 2016 |title=Ley N° 1.642 / 2000 – QUE PROHÍBE LA VENTA DEBEBIDAS ALCOHÓLICAS A MENORES DE EDAD Y PROHÍBE SU CONSUMO EN LA VÍA PÚBLICA |url=http://www.bacn.gov.py/leyes-paraguayas/5076/ley-n-1642-prohibe-la-venta-de-bebidas-alcoholicas-a-menores-de-edad-y-prohibe-su-consumo-en-la-via-publica |access-date=17 October 2019 |publisher=Biblioteca y Archivo Central del Congreso Nacional}}</ref> | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Peru}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ley No. 28681 |url=https://docs.peru.justia.com/federales/leyes/28681-mar-3-2006.pdf |access-date=9 January 2015 |publisher=docs.peru.justia.com}}</ref> | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Saint Kitts and Nevis}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18 |Liquor Licences Act Sec 32(f) |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Saint Lucia}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |16 |Chapter 13.17 Liquor Licence Act Art 37 |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |16<ref>{{Cite web |title=WHO Global Alcohol Report Saint Vincent and the Grenadines |url=https://www.who.int/substance_abuse/publications/global_alcohol_report/profiles/vct.pdf?ua=1 |access-date=18 December 2023}}</ref> |Chapter 342 Liquor License Act (1990), Sections 27 and 28 |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Trinidad and Tobago}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="Liquor Licenses Act Trinidad and Tobago">{{Cite web |title=Liquor Licenses Act – Section 60 |url=http://rgd.legalaffairs.gov.tt/laws2/alphabetical_list/lawspdfs/84.10.pdf |access-date=9 January 2015}}</ref> |It is prohibited to sell, serve or supply alcohol beverages to child under the age of 18 years. It is also prohibited for an adult to send a child to buy alcohol on behalf. It is not prohibited for children to buy or consume alcohol.<ref name="Liquor Licenses Act Trinidad and Tobago" /> |- | colspan="2" |''{{Flag|Turks and Caicos Islands}}'' | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="Liquor Licenses Act Turks and Caicos Islands">{{Cite web |title=Liquor Licenses Act – Section 27 |url=http://online.fliphtml5.com/fizd/micd/#p=22 |access-date=9 January 2015}}</ref> |It is prohibited to serve or sell liquor to a young person under the age of eighteen years. Minors under the age of sixteen years may not present in a licensed premises mainly serving and selling alcohol beverages.<ref name="Liquor Licenses Act Turks and Caicos Islands" /> |- | rowspan="3" |{{Flag|United States}} |(50 states) | style="text-align:center;" |Varies by state<ref name="IARD" /> | style="text-align:center;" |21<ref name="IARD" /> |The National Minimum Drinking Age Act requires all states and territories to have a minimum purchasing age of 21 or lose ten percent of their federal highway funding. The act does not apply to the age of alcohol consumption (i.e., states may allow alcohol consumption by those under 21 years of age without penalty). Exceptions to the drinking age are governed by state law. Some [[Jihohin Tarayyar Amurka|states]] do not allow those under the legal drinking age to be present in liquor stores or in bars (usually, the difference between a bar and a restaurant is that food is served only in the latter). Only a few states prohibit minors and young adults from consuming alcohol in private settings. The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism maintains a database that details state-level regulations on consumption and sale age limits.<ref>{{Cite web |title=APIS: State Profiles of Underage Drinking Laws |url=https://alcoholpolicy.niaaa.nih.gov/underage-drinking/state-profiles |access-date=19 October 2019 |publisher=National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism}}</ref> |- |''{{Flag|Puerto Rico}}'' | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18 |Law 118 Penalties for Provision of Alcoholic Beverages to Minors under 18 years of age (1984) |- |''{{Flag|United States Virgin Islands}}'' | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref>{{Cite web |title=Helpful Visitor Information for the Virgin Islands |url=http://www.vinow.com/general_usvi/faq/#drinking |access-date=11 August 2012 |publisher=Vinow.com}}</ref> | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Uruguay}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-03-16 |title=Legisladores quieren prohibir que menores de 18 consuman bebidas alcohólicas |url=https://www.elobservador.com.uy/nota/legisladores-quieren-prohibir-que-menores-de-18-consuman-bebidas-alcoholicas-20173169540 |website=El Observador}}</ref> |Selling alcohol to minors under the age of 18 is prohibited, with fines between 50 and 200 ''Unidades Reajustables'' (UY$ 89,000-355,000 or US$ 2,000-8,000 as of January 2025).<ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-01-11 |title=INAU profundiza fiscalización de venta de alcohol a menores en zonas turísticas |url=https://www.gub.uy/presidencia/comunicacion/noticias/inau-profundiza-fiscalizacion-venta-alcohol-menores-zonas-turisticas |website=Presidencia Uruguay}}</ref> Consumption and purchase by minors is not prohibited. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Venezuela}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="LEY N° 28681">{{Cite web |title=Gaceta Oficial N° 5. 266 Extraordinario de fecha 2 de octubre de 1998: LEY ORGÁNICA PARA LA PROTECCIÓN DEL NIÑO Y DEL ADOLESCENTE |url=https://www.fundacionbengoa.org/lactancia/legal/LOPNA.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191017185041/https://www.fundacionbengoa.org/lactancia/legal/LOPNA.pdf |archive-date=17 October 2019 |access-date=17 October 2019}}</ref> | |} [[Fayil:Underage_consumption_map_2007.gif|center|thumb|Ban da mafi ƙarancin shekaru 21 don shan barasa a Amurka, tun daga 1 ga Janairu 2007]] A Amurka, mafi ƙarancin shekarun doka don siyan abin sha yafi shekaru 21 tun jim kadan bayan wucewar Dokar Ƙananan Shekaru ta Duniya a shekarar 1984. Bambance-bambance guda biyu sune Puerto Rico da Virgin Islands inda shekaru ke 18. Shekarar shan giya ta doka ta bambanta da jihar, kuma jihohi da yawa ba su da bukatun shekaru don kula da shan giya tare da iyayen mutum ko masu kula da doka. Duk da zabe farfado da muhawara ta kasa a shekara ta 2008 game da shekarun shan giya da aka kafa (wanda shugabannin jami'o'i da yawa suka fara), binciken da aka yi a Jami'ar Fairleigh Dickinson ya gano a watan Satumbar 2008 cewa kashi 76% na New Jerseyans sun goyi bayan barin shekarun shan giya a shekara 21.<ref name="publicmind.fdu.edu">{{Cite web |last=William R. Kennedy |date=15 September 2008 |title=New Jersey Residents Say Leave the Drinking Age at 21 – FDU PublicMind – September 15, 2008 |url=http://www.publicmind.fdu.edu/21todrink/ |access-date=2012-07-28 |publisher=Publicmind.fdu.edu}}</ref> Babu wani bambanci mai mahimmanci da ya fito yayin la'akari da jinsi, alaƙar siyasa, ko yanki. Koyaya, iyayen yara ƙanana sun fi tallafawa kiyaye shekaru a 21 (83%) fiye da iyayen ɗaliban kwaleji (67%). <ref name="publicmind.fdu.edu" /> Jihohi goma sha bakwai ([[Arkansas (jiha)|Arkansas]], [[California]], [[Connecticut]], [[Florida]], [[Kentucky]], [[Maryland]], [[Massachusetts]], [[Mississippi (jiha)|Mississippi]], [[Missouri (jiha)|Missouri]], [[Nevada]], [[New Hampshire]], [[New Mexico]], New York, [[Oklahoma]], Rhode Island, South Carolina, da [[Wyoming]]) da [[Washington, D.C.|Gundumar Columbia]] suna da dokoki game da mallakar barasa ta kananan yara, amma ba su hana amfani da shi ta kananan yara ba. Jihohi goma sha huɗu (Alaska, Colorado, Delaware, Illinois, Louisiana, Maine, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Ohio, Oregon, Texas, Wisconsin, da Virginia) suna ba wa yara ƙanana damar shan barasa da iyayensu suka ba su ko kuma wanda iyayensu suka ba su amana.[ana yanayi hujja] [citation need] Jihohi da yawa suna ba da izinin shan barasa a ƙarƙashin shekaru 21 saboda dalilai na addini ko na kiwon lafiya. [[Puerto Rico]], yankin Amurka, ya ci gaba da shan giya na shekaru 18. Dokokin kwastam na Amurka sun nuna cewa babu wani mutum a karkashin shekaru 21 da zai iya kawo kowane nau'in ko adadin barasa a cikin kasar.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Know Before You Go |url=http://www.cbp.gov/xp/cgov/travel/vacation/kbyg/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101007204857/http://www.cbp.gov/xp/cgov/travel/vacation/kbyg/ |archive-date=7 October 2010 |access-date=2010-10-18 |publisher=Cbp.gov}}</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable" ! rowspan="2" width="100" |Country ! colspan="2" |De jure ! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" |Notes |- ! width="150" |Drinking age ! width="150" |Purchase age |- |{{Flag|Afghanistan}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |Prohibited for all ages<ref>{{Cite web |title=Penal Code (1976), Art 349–352 |url=https://www.refworld.org/pdfid/4c58395a2.pdf |access-date=7 October 2019 |website=Refworld}}</ref> | |- |{{Flag|Armenia}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="ՎԱՐՉԱԿԱՆ ԻՐԱՎԱԽԱԽՏՈՒՄՆԵՐԻ ՎԵՐԱԲԵՐՅԱԼ ՀԱՅԱՍՏԱՆԻ ՀԱՆՐԱՊԵՏՈՒԹՅԱՆ ՕՐԵՆՍԳԻՐՔ" /> | align="center" |18<ref name="ՎԱՐՉԱԿԱՆ ԻՐԱՎԱԽԱԽՏՈՒՄՆԵՐԻ ՎԵՐԱԲԵՐՅԱԼ ՀԱՅԱՍՏԱՆԻ ՀԱՆՐԱՊԵՏՈՒԹՅԱՆ ՕՐԵՆՍԳԻՐՔ">{{Cite web |title=CODE OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA ON ADMINISTRATIVE VIOLATIONS |url=http://www.parliament.am/legislation.php?sel=show&ID=1392&lang=arm |access-date=7 October 2019 |publisher=National Assembly}}</ref> |There are no laws mandating alcohol vendors to ID potential underage drinkers. ID checks are very rarely, if ever, carried out<ref name="ՎԱՐՉԱԿԱՆ ԻՐԱՎԱԽԱԽՏՈՒՄՆԵՐԻ ՎԵՐԱԲԵՐՅԱԼ ՀԱՅԱՍՏԱՆԻ ՀԱՆՐԱՊԵՏՈՒԹՅԱՆ ՕՐԵՆՍԳԻՐՔ" /> Criminal Code the Republic of Armenia (2003), Article 166: "Involvement, by a person who reached 18 years, of a child into regular use of alcohol drinks... is punished with correctional labor for up to 1 year, or with arrest for the term of 1–2 months, or with imprisonment for the term of 5 years" |- |{{Flag|Azerbaijan}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="Sosium – Siqaret qadağası gündəmdə">{{Cite web |title=Sosium – Siqaret qadağası gündəmdə |url=http://archive.bakupost.az/sosium/20131002094909678.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150103171132/http://archive.bakupost.az/sosium/20131002094909678.html |archive-date=3 January 2015 |access-date=22 March 2018 |publisher=bakupost.az}}</ref> | align="center" |18<ref name="Sosium – Siqaret qadağası gündəmdə" /> |Law No. 499-IG on Children's Rights (1998) |- |{{Flag|Bahrain}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |21<ref>{{Cite web |title=I was curious what your drinking age is as well... |url=https://www.tripadvisor.com/FAQ_Answers-g293997-d1509933-t204348-I_was_curious_what_your_drinking_age_is_as_well.html#:~:text=Legal%20drinking%20age%20in%20Bahrain%20is%2021. |access-date=29 October 2020 |website=tripadvisor.com |language=en}}</ref> | |- |{{Flag|Bangladesh}} | style="text-align:center;" |21<ref name="IARD"/> | style="text-align:center;" |21 <small>(for non-Muslims and foreigners)<br /><br />(Muslims require medical prescription for purchasing)</small><ref name="auto">{{Cite web |title=Bangladesh Introduces New Alcohol Policy Measures, Including Alcohol Age Limit and Health Warnings |url=https://movendi.ngo/news/2022/02/24/bangladesh-introduces-new-alcohol-policy-measures-including-alcohol-age-limit-and-health-warnings/ |access-date=5 November 2023 |website=Movendi International |language=en-US}}</ref> |In 2021, reforms were introduced to alcohol regulations, for the first time a minimum age was defined, 21 years was chosen. Muslims can consume alcohol if they obtain a medical prescription.<ref name="auto" /> |- |{{Flag|Bhutan}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="bhutan">{{Cite web |title=Rules And Regulations For Establishment And Operation Of Industrial And Commercial Ventures In Bhutan, 1995 |url=https://bhutan.eregulations.org/media/rules%20and%20reg-%20license.pdf |access-date=29 April 2015}}</ref> | |- |{{Flag|Brunei}} | style="text-align:center;" |Prohibited <small>(for Muslims and public consumption)</small><br /><br />17 <small>(for non-Muslims' private residence consumption)</small><ref name="IARD" /> | style="text-align:center;" |Prohibited for all ages<ref name="IARD" /> |Non-Muslims over 17 years of age are allowed to import alcohol not to exceed maximum total volume 2 litres of liquor and 12 cans of beer at 330 mL for personal use, once in 48 hours. This alcohol must be "stored and consumed at the place of residence of the importer" and is "not to be given, transferred or sold to another person.".<ref name="IARD" /> |- |{{Flag|Cambodia}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None |The Health Ministry drafted a law to regulate the sale and consumption of alcohol in June 2015, with emphasis on establishing a minimum legal purchase age of 21 and preventing underage drinking. The draft law has not yet been enacted.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kimmarita |first=Long |title=Groups urge passing of alcohol law be sped up |url=https://www.phnompenhpost.com/national/groups-urge-passing-alcohol-law-be-sped |access-date=18 March 2022 |website=www.phnompenhpost.com |language=en}}</ref> |- |{{Flag|China}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="IARD" /> |Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Minors (2006 Revision) [Revised in 2012]<ref>{{Cite web |title=laws |url=http://www.npc.gov.cn/zgrdw/englishnpc/Law/2007-12/12/content_1383869.htm |access-date=29 October 2020 |website=npc.gov.cn}}</ref> Ministry of Commerce Decree No. 25 (2006) |- |{{Flag|Cyprus}} | align="center" |17<ref name="Drinking age Cyprus">{{Cite web |title=Ο περί Πωλήσεως Οινοπνευματοδών Ποτών Νόμος (ΚΕΦ.144) |url=http://www.cylaw.org/nomoi/enop/non-ind/0_144/full.html |access-date=24 October 2019 |publisher=CyLaw}}</ref> | align="center" |18 |It is prohibited to sell or serve alcohol to anyone under the age of 18 years, and for those under 17 years old to consume alcohol beverages.<ref name="Drinking age Cyprus" /> |- |{{Flag|Georgia|Georgia (country)}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="Georgia" /> | align="center" |18 |Under the Law on Protecting Minors from Harmful Influences 2001 the sale of alcohol beverages to minors is prohibited.<ref name="Georgia" /> Juvenile Justice Code (2015) Article 3 defines minors as those under 18. |- |''{{Flag|Hong Kong}}'' | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18 |Private drinking is also not regulated. |- |{{Flag|India}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18–25 (varies by jurisdiction)<ref name="IARD" /><br /><br />21 is the legal drinking age in the majority of the [[Jihohi a Tarayyar Indiya|states of India]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gaur |first=Shubhank |date=6 March 2017 |title=Legal Drinking Age in India |url=https://mrliquor.in/legal-drinking-age-in-india/ |access-date=7 July 2021 |website=MrLiquor |quote=Most states of India have a minimum drinking age of 21 |archive-date=18 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211118091853/https://mrliquor.in/legal-drinking-age-in-india/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> | 18 in Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Andhra Pradesh, Goa, Himachal Pradesh, Karnataka, Puducherry, Rajasthan, and Sikkim.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 March 2021 |title=Delhi lowers drinking age: What's the age limit to consume alcohol in other states |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/delhi-lowers-drinking-age-whats-the-age-limit-to-consume-alcohol-in-other-states-7240499/ |access-date=21 January 2022 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> 21 in Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Chandigarh, Chhattisgarh, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu, Delhi, Haryana, Jammu and Kashmir, Jharkhand, Kerala, Ladakh, Madhya Pradesh, Mizoram, Odisha, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Tripura, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, and West Bengal. 25 in Maharashtra,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bombay Prohibition Act,1949 |url=https://stateexcise.maharashtra.gov.in/Pdf/Maharashtra_Excise_Manual_Vol-I.pdf}}</ref> Meghalaya and Punjab.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Minimum Legal Age Limits |url=http://iardwebprod.azurewebsites.net/science-resources/detail/Minimum-Legal-Age-Limits |access-date=27 March 2023 |website=International Alliance for Responsible Drinking |language=en}}</ref> Consumption of alcohol is prohibited in the states of Bihar, Gujarat, Lakshadweep, Manipur, and Nagaland. |- |{{Flag|Indonesia}} | colspan="2" align="center" |21<br /><br />Prohibited in Banda Aceh and Papua |Prohibited in Banda Aceh and Papua; 21 elsewhere for both on- and off-premise sale. According to Minister of Trade Regulation No. 20 Year 2014,<ref>{{Cite web |title=JDIHN - Detail Dokumen |url=https://jdihn.go.id/pencarian/detail/563704 |access-date=22 May 2023 |website=jdihn.go.id }}{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Qanun Laws of Aceh No. 6 Year 2014,<ref>{{Cite web |title=JDIHN - Detail Dokumen |url=https://jdihn.go.id/pencarian/detail/1580831 |access-date=22 May 2023 |website=jdihn.go.id }}{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> and Regional Regulation of Papua Province No.15 Year 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |title=PERDA Prov. Papua No. 15 Tahun 2013 tentang Pelarangan Produksi, Pengedaran dan Penjualan Minuman Beralkohol [JDIH BPK RI] |url=https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Home/Details/125461/perda-prov-papua-no-15-tahun-2013 |access-date=22 May 2023 |website=peraturan.bpk.go.id}}</ref> |- |{{Flag|Iran}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |Prohibited for all ages<ref name="IARD" /> |There is a ban on alcohol, but religious minorities may purchase small amounts from shops owned by the same religious minority.<ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Islamic Republic of Iran (the) |url=https://www.who.int/substance_abuse/publications/policy_iran.pdf |publisher=[[World Health Organization]]}}</ref> |- |{{Flag|Iraq}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kathleen Crislip |date=26 June 2019 |title=Alcohol Drinking Ages Around the World |url=https://www.tripsavvy.com/alcohol-drinking-ages-around-the-world-3150465 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210417202421/https://www.tripsavvy.com/alcohol-drinking-ages-around-the-world-3150465 |archive-date=17 April 2021 |access-date=2 January 2021 |website=TripSavvy}}</ref> |There was a proposal of banning alcohol in 2016, but was instead taxed by 200%<ref name="guardian">{{Cite web |date=23 October 2016 |title=Iraq's parliament passes law banning alcohol |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/oct/23/iraqs-parliament-passes-law-banning-alcohol |access-date=5 May 2018 |website=[[TheGuardian.com]]}}</ref> |- |{{Flag|Israel}} | align="center" |No limit in private places, 18 in public spaces | align="center" |18<ref name="IARD" /> |Israel law prohibits selling or serving alcohol to minors. Minors are prohibited to drink alcohol in public places and the police may confiscate alcohol drinks from them. |- |{{Flag|Japan}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |20<ref>{{Cite web |title=Underage Drinking Prohibition Law (Act No. 20 of Taisho 11) |url=https://elaws.e-gov.go.jp/search/elawsSearch/elaws_search/lsg0500/detail?lawId=211AC0000000020 |access-date=18 October 2019 |website=e-gov Japan}}</ref> | |- |{{Flag|Jordan}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18 |Instructions issued by the Ministry of Interior Concerning Liquor Store Permits (2010), Article 6 |- |{{Flag|Kazakhstan}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |21 |Law 235 of 2014 Code of Administrative Offences Section 200 |- |{{Flag|Kuwait}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |Prohibited for all ages<ref name="IARD" /> |Law No. 46 (1964) |- |{{Flag|Kyrgyzstan}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="IARD" /> |Law No.269 Government Regulation of the Production and Sale of Alcohol (2009), Article 13.2 |- |{{Flag|Lebanon}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="IARD" /> |Penal Code (1943), Articles 625–626 (promulgated by Legislative Decree No. 340 (2011) According to a global school health study, 40% of minors over 13 drink alcohol and up to 25% buy it from stores.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 March 2013 |title=Lebanon's underage drinking problem – Executive Magazine |url=http://www.executive-magazine.com/economics-policy/lebanons-underage-drinking-problem |access-date=19 June 2016 |website=Executive Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref> |- |''{{Flag|Macau}}'' | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="IARD" /> |18 |Private drinking is also not regulated. |- |{{Flag|Malaysia}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |Restricted to non-Muslims<br /><br />Prohibited for Muslims<br /><br />21 for non-Muslims<ref name="IARD" /> |Food Act 1983 Food Regulations (1985) Regulation 361 (2014) and Food (Amendment) Regulations 2016 Increased from 18 to 21 in December 2017, effective 16 October 2018. Anyone caught selling to persons under 21 can be fined up to RM10,000 and jailed up to 2 years. Malaysian identity cards display the word "[[Musulunci|ISLAM]]" if the holder is Muslim (and otherwise blank if the holder is non-Muslim) on the bottom right corner, which allows enforcement of the religion-based sales restriction. |- |{{Flag|Maldives}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |Restricted to tourists<br /><br />Prohibited for citizens<br /><br />18 for tourists<ref name="IARD" /> |Sale of alcohol is limited to tourist resorts. It is prohibited to sell alcohol to local Maldivians<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 December 2013 |title=Alcohol in the Maldives |url=http://www.mainlymaldives.co.uk/alcohol-maldives |access-date=7 June 2016 |website=MainlyMaldives.co.uk |archive-date=20 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160820223904/http://www.mainlymaldives.co.uk/alcohol-maldives/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |{{Flag|Mongolia}} | style="text-align:center;" |21 / 18 with parent consent<ref name="who_mongolia">{{Cite web |title=Law to Combat Alcoholism (2000) |url=https://www.legalinfo.mn/law/showPrint/55 |access-date=18 December 2023 |archive-date=1 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101033725/https://www.legalinfo.mn/law/showPrint/55 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | align="center" |21<ref name="who_mongolia" /> |Those under 21 are prohibited from drinking alcohol; parents and guardians are prohibited from supplying alcohol to those under 18. |- |{{Flag|Myanmar}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18 |Child Law (1993) Art 65 Excise Act (1958) Art 40(7) |- |{{Flag|Nepal}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hotel Distribution and Wine Sales Distribution (Control) Act |url=http://www.lawcommission.gov.np/np/archives/category/documents/prevailing-law/statutes-acts/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2-%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE |access-date=19 October 2019 |website=Nepal Law Commission}}</ref> |A policy has reportedly been adopted that would make the legal purchase age 21. However, there are exceptions to underage consumption for purposes of religious ceremonies.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nepal |url=https://iogt.org/news/2017/02/22/nepal-government-adopted-new-alcohol-law/ |access-date=17 October 2019 |publisher=[[IOGT International]]}}</ref> |- |{{Flag|North Korea}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18 | |- |{{Flag|Oman}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |21<ref name="IARD" /> |Residents need personal liquor licenses to consume alcohol in their private residences.<ref name="FCO Oman">{{Cite web |title=Oman |url=https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/oman/local-laws-and-customs |access-date=24 September 2016 |publisher=[[Foreign and Commonwealth Office]]}}</ref> |- |{{Flag|Pakistan}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |Prohibited <small>(for Muslims)</small><br /><br />21 <small>(for non-Muslims)</small> |Prohibited for Muslims. Purchase age for Non-Muslims is 21. |- |{{Flag|Palestine}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |16 |Legal in most cities. |- |{{Flag|Philippines}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18 |Minors (defined as under 18 years old) are prohibited to purchase alcohol and adults are prohibited to purchase or provide alcohol to minors. Minors are not prohibited to consume alcohol. ''Act Regulating the Access of Minors to Alcohol Section 4'' |- |{{Flag|Qatar}} | style="text-align:center;" |Prohibited <small>(for Muslims)</small><br /><br />21 <small>(for non-Muslims)</small> | align="center" |21 |Muslims are allowed to purchase alcohol but not consume it. Only residents with a liquor license from the Qatar Distribution Company (owned by Qatar Airways) are allowed to purchase alcohol outside of hotels and restaurants and must make a minimum of QAR 4000 per month.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Alcohol and Liquor Licences in Qatar - Qatar |url=http://www.angloinfo.com/how-to/qatar/lifestyle/food-drink/liquor-licence |access-date=25 May 2022 |website=Angloinfo |language=en |archive-date=10 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220210193521/https://www.angloinfo.com/how-to/qatar/lifestyle/food-drink/liquor-licence |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |{{Flag|Saudi Arabia}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |Prohibited for all ages<ref name="IARD" /> |Drinking or possessing alcohol is prohibited in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Persons who drink or possess alcohol are subject to arrest and trial. Punishments range from heavy fines, lengthy prison terms and whippings.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rules and laws on drugs and alcohol in Saudi Arabia {{!}} Expatica |url=https://www.expatica.com/sa/living/gov-law-admin/rules-and-laws-on-drugs-and-alcohol-in-saudi-arabia-71303/ |access-date=29 October 2020 |website=Expat Guide to Saudi Arabia {{!}} Expatica |language=en-US}}</ref> |- |{{Flag|Singapore}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<br /><br />18 <small>(at licensed premises)</small> | align="center" |18<ref name=":3" /> |It is prohibited to sell alcohol to those under 18. Anyone caught selling, furnishing or acquiring alcohol in any licensed premise to persons below 18 can be fined up to $10,000. It is also prohibited for minors to purchase, or attempt to purchase alcohol from any licensed premises, in which the minors can also be fined up to $10,000. However, the authorities rarely enforced this on minors. It is technically legal for minors to possess and consume alcohol at home and in public (not in any licensed premises) as there is no law prohibiting it. It is also technically legal for someone to purchase alcohol and pass it to minors outside the store or licensed premise.<ref name=":3" /> |- |{{Flag|South Korea}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |19<ref name="law.go.kr">{{Cite web |title=청소년보호법 |url=http://www.law.go.kr/법령/청소년보호법}}</ref> |The age limit for alcohol is 19 calculated by the year of birth. This means that an 18-year-old will be legally allowed to purchase and consume alcohol if they will be turning 19 that year. For example, two persons born on 1 January 2006 and 31 December 2006 both turned 19 years of age at the same time on 1 January 2025 and hence, both of them are considered to be of legal age to purchase and consume alcohol on and after that date, despite the latter being only 18 years and 1 day old based on western age. The method of calculating the legal age for alcohol slightly differs from Korean age reckoning in which another one year will be added to the person's age, whereas this method only doesn't take into account the month and day of birth but only the year instead.<ref name="law.go.kr" /> On 28 June 2023, the law that requires measuring age in the western way came into force. However, the previous system to determine the age to drink alcohol will be maintained.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Seo |first=Jessie Yeung,Yoonjung |date=28 June 2023 |title=South Koreans become younger overnight after country scraps 'Korean age' |url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/06/27/asia/south-korea-drops-korean-age-intl-hnk/index.html |access-date=28 June 2023 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref> |- |{{Flag|Sri Lanka}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |21 <small>(for men)</small><ref>{{Cite web |title=NATIONAL AUTHORITY ON TOBACCO AND ALCOHOL ACT, No. 27 OF 2006 |url=http://www.nddcb.gov.lk/Docs/acts/NATA%20Act%20English.pdf |access-date=21 October 2019}}</ref><br /><br />prohibited <small>(for women)</small><ref>{{Cite web |date=15 January 2018 |title=Sri Lanka reimposes ban on women buying alcohol – days after it was lifted |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/jan/15/sri-lanka-reimposes-ban-on-women-buying-alcohol-days-after-it-was-lifted |access-date=8 October 2024 |website=The Guardian |agency=Agence France-Presse}}</ref> |Sri Lanka is the only country which has banned the purchase of alcohol based on gender. |- |{{Flag|Syria}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18 | |- |{{Flag|Taiwan}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18 |Parents, guardians, and others taking care of people under 18 shall not supply alcohol to them or risk administrative fines of 10000 to 50000 new Taiwan dollars (Art 55). No person shall supply alcohol to anyone under the age of 18 (Art 91). |- |{{Flag|Tajikistan}} | style="text-align:center;" |None / 20 | align="center" |18<ref name="IARD" /> |Sale to minors under 18 years old is prohibited by Article 12 of Law No. 451 on State Regulation of Production and Turnover of Ethyl Alcohol and Alcohol Products. Parents are required to forbid their children who have not reached age 20 to consume alcohol beverages.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Закон Республики Таджикистан об ответственности родителей за обучение и воспитание детей |url=https://mfa.tj/ru/main/view/3958/zakon-respubliki-tadzhikistan-ob-otvetstvennosti-roditelei-za-obuchenie-i-vospitanie-detei |access-date=21 October 2019}}</ref> |- |{{Flag|Thailand}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |20<ref name="Thai_drinking" /> |The Alcoholic Beverage Control Act of 2008 increased the drinking age in Thailand from 18 to 20, private drinking is not regulated in private locations.<ref name="Thai_drinking">{{Cite web |last=Patin |first=Jennifer |title=Thailand Tourist Information: A Guide to Laws in Thailand |url=http://www.thailawforum.com/tourst-guide-laws-Thailand.html |access-date=8 January 2013 |publisher=Thailand Law Forum}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=ตำกวา 20 ป ไมขายสราให |url=http://www.thaihealth.or.th/Content/25907-%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%2020%20%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B5%20%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%89.html |access-date=28 July 2015 |website=Thaihealth.or.th}}</ref> |- |{{Flag|Turkey}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref>{{Cite web |title=İSPİRTO VE İSPİRTOLU İÇKİLER İNHİSARI KANUNU |url=https://www.mevzuat.gov.tr/MevzuatMetin/1.3.4250.pdf |access-date=22 October 2019}}</ref> | |- |{{Flag|Turkmenistan}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |21<ref name="auto1"/><br /><br />Prohibited in airports and stores |Law on Prevention of the Harmful Impact of Alcohol 2018 Art. 22-2<br /><br />Law no Trade Art. 33<br /><br />Code of Administrative Offences Art. 315, 356 |- |{{Flag|United Arab Emirates}} | style="text-align:center;" |18 in Abu Dhabi<br /><br />21 in most Northern Emirates and Dubai<br /><br />Prohibited in Sharjah<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=United Arab Emirates travel advice – GOVUK |url=https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/united-arab-emirates/local-laws-and-customs |access-date=26 May 2016 |website=gov.uk}}</ref> | align="center" |21<br /><br />Completely prohibited in Sharjah |In November 2020, Drinking became legal in UAE without requiring a license and regardless of the religion.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 November 2020 |title=UAE announces relaxing of Islamic laws for personal freedoms |url=https://apnews.com/article/dubai-united-arab-emirates-honor-killings-travel-islam-bce74c423897dc77c7beb72e4f51a23a |access-date=8 November 2020 |website=AP NEWS}}</ref> Previously, expatriate non-[[Musulmi|Muslim]] residents had to request a liquor permit to purchase alcohol beverages, but it was prohibited for such holders to provide drinks to others.<ref name="Guidelines">{{Cite web |title=International Drinking Guidelines |url=http://www.icap.org/PolicyIssues/DrinkingGuidelines/GuidelinesTable/tabid/204/Default.aspx |access-date=17 February 2009 |publisher=International Center for Alcohol Policies |archive-date=3 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303193941/http://www.icap.org/PolicyIssues/DrinkingGuidelines/GuidelinesTable/tabid/204/Default.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref> The legal age for drinking alcohol is 18 in Abu Dhabi (although a Ministry of Tourism by-law allows hotels to serve alcohol only to those over 21), and 21 in Dubai and the Northern Emirates (except Sharjah, where drinking alcohol is prohibited).<ref name=":0" /> It is a punishable offence to drink, or to be under the influence of alcohol, in public.<ref name=":0" /> |- |{{Flag|Uzbekistan}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |21<ref>{{Cite web |last=UzDaily |title=Uzbekistan bans sale of alcohol and tobacco to people under 21 |url=https://www.uzdaily.uz/en/post/81160 |access-date=5 November 2023 |website=UzDaily.uz |language=ru}}</ref> |In 2023, President Shavkat Mirziyoyev signed a law prohibiting the sale of alcohol and nicotine products to those under 21 years of age, increasing it from 20 years. |- |{{Flag|Vietnam}} | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name="IARD" /> |Decree 94/2012/ND-CP on Liquor Production and Trading (2012), Article 19.7 |- |{{Flag|Yemen}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |Prohibited for all ages<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 April 2017 |title=14 Countries Where Drinking Alcohol Is Illegal |url=https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/14-countries-where-drinking-alcohol-is-illegal.html |website=WorldAtlas}}</ref> |Exception is in Aden Region where it's legal for 21 and up<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 July 2020 |title=Drinking age in Yemen |url=https://drinkingagein.com/yemen |access-date=29 October 2020 |website=Drinking Age in Countries Around the World |language=en |archive-date=18 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211118091848/https://drinkingagein.com/yemen |url-status=dead }}</ref> |} == Turai == [[Fayil:Konsumverbot.svg|thumb|500x500px|Dokokin da ke hana kananan yara shan barasa a cikin jama'a / masu zaman kansu: Mafi ƙarancin shekaru don shan barasa a jama'a da masu zaman kansu Mafi ƙaranci shekaru don shan giya a cikin jamaʼa Babu mafi ƙarancin shekarun shan barasa a fili ko masu zaman kansu<br />   ]] Yawancin ƙasashe a [[Turai]] sun saita 18 a matsayin mafi ƙarancin shekaru don siyan barasa. Kodayake Austria, [[Beljik|Belgium]], [[Denmark]], [[Jamus]], [[Gibraltar]], [[Liechtenstein]], [[Luksamburg|Luxembourg]], [[Malta]], [[Portugal]] da [[Switzerland]] (sai dai Ticino) suna kula da mafi ƙarancin shekarun sayen ƙasa da shekaru 18, ana ba da izinin yara ko dai cikakke ko iyakance damar samun barasa. A cikin 2005, 2007 da 2015 an tattauna jituwa a matakin [[Tarayyar Turai]] zuwa mafi ƙarancin shekarun sayan 18, amma ba a yarda da shi ba. Lokaci na canje-canje ga shan giya / sayen shekaru ko dokokin da ke hana samun barasa ga yara: {| class="wikitable sortable" ! rowspan="3" style="width:12%;" |Country ! rowspan="3" style="width:12%;" |Administrative division ! colspan="4" style="width:20%;" |De jure ! rowspan="3" style="width:56%;" |Notes |- ! colspan="2" style="width:10%;" |Drinking age<ref name="Eyes On Age">{{Cite web |last=drs. J. Mulder, J. de Greeff MSc |title=EYES ON AGES – A research on alcohol age limit policies in European Member States. Legislation, enforcement and research. |url=https://ec.europa.eu/health/sites/health/files/alcohol/docs/eyes_on_ages_report_en.pdf |access-date=28 July 2019 |publisher=Dutch Institute for Alcohol Policy (STAP), European Commission}}</ref> ! colspan="2" style="width:10%;" |Purchase age |- ! style="width:5%;" |Private ! style="width:5%;" |Public ! style="width:5%;" |On-premise ! style="width:5%;" |Off-premise |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Albania}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="albania">{{Cite web |title=LIGJ Nr. 9518, datë 18.4.2006 – PËR MBROJTJEN E TË MITURVE NGA PËRDORIMI I ALKOOLIT [Law 9518 for the protection of minors from the use of alcohol (2006)] Art 4 |url=http://www.ishp.gov.al/wp-content/uploads/2015/ligjet/Per-mbrojtjen-e-te-mitruve-nga-perdorimi-i-alkoolit.pdf |access-date=24 July 2019 |website=ishp.gov.al |language=sq}}</ref> | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name="albania" /> |The sale of alcohol beverage in bars, restaurants or other licensed premises, as well as other points of sale, is prohibited to minors under the age of 18 years. Vendors and operators of licensed premises are required to post a clearly legible notice in A4 format stating "Ndalohet shitja e alkoolit personave nën 18 vjeç" (It is prohibited to sell alcohol beverages to people under 18 years). Consumption by those under age 18 in public places is prohibited.<ref name="albania" /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Andorra}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="andorra" /> | style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="andorra">{{Cite web |title=Reglament pel qual es regulen determinats aspectes de la venda i el consum de begudes alcohòliques |url=http://www.policia.ad/documentacio/venda_consum_begudes.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111128041535/http://www.policia.ad/documentacio/venda_consum_begudes.pdf |archive-date=28 November 2011 |access-date=25 July 2019 |website=policia.ad |language=ca}}</ref> | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="andorra" /> |Selling, serving or supplying alcohol beverages is prohibited as well as public consumption of alcohol beverage by minors under the age of 18 years.<ref name="andorra" /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Austria}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None {{Ana bukatan hujja|date=April 2024}} | colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" |16 ^{(beer, wine and cider)}<br /><br />18 ^{(distilled beverages)}<ref name="austria">{{Cite web |date=4 January 2019 |title=Österreichs digitales Amt: Rauchen und Alkohol |url=https://www.oesterreich.gv.at/themen/jugendliche/jugendrechte/3/Seite.1740250.html |access-date=21 October 2019 |language=de |archive-date=13 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220413224407/https://www.oesterreich.gv.at/themen/jugendliche/jugendrechte/3/Seite.1740250.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> |The age limits are set out by the legislation of each federal state but were harmonized in January 2019.<ref name="austria" /> Carinthia also requires 16-18-year-olds to maintain a blood alcohol level below 0.05%. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Belarus}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="МУС Беларусі прапануе забараніць курэнне і ўжыванне алкаголю для асоб, маладзейшых за 18 гадоў">{{Cite web |title=ЗАКОН РЕСПУБЛИКИ БЕЛАРУСЬ 27 августа 2008 г. № 429-З О государственном регулировании производства и оборота алкогольной, непищевой спиртосодержащей продукции и непищевого этилового спирта |url=http://www.pravo.by/document/?guid=3871&p0=h10800429 |access-date=21 October 2019 |publisher=Национальный правовой Интернет-портал Республики Беларусь}}</ref> | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name="МУС Беларусі прапануе забараніць курэнне і ўжыванне алкаголю для асоб, маладзейшых за 18 гадоў" /> | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Belgium}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="Vente et consommation d'alcool en Belgique" /> | colspan="2" align="center" |18 for distilled beverages of higher than 1.2%ABV and fermented beverages of higher than 22%ABV 16 for other alcohol beverages<ref name="Vente et consommation d'alcool en Belgique">{{Cite web |date=27 January 2016 |title=Alcool |url=https://www.health.belgium.be/fr/sante/prenez-soin-de-vous/alcool-et-tabac/alcool |access-date=21 October 2019 |website=SPF Santé publique |publisher=Service Public Federal |archive-date=19 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220419165748/https://www.health.belgium.be/fr/sante/prenez-soin-de-vous/alcool-et-tabac/alcool |url-status=dead }}</ref> |Since 10 January 2010, it is prohibited to "sell, serve, or offer" any distilled alcohol beverages to those under the age of 18 or any alcohol beverage to those under 16.<ref name="Vente et consommation d'alcool en Belgique" /> Previously, it was prohibited to sell alcohol drinks to under-16s, but accompanying adults could buy drinks for them. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Bosnia and Herzegovina}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="Drinking age Bosnia" /> | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name="Drinking age Bosnia">{{Cite web |title=Prodaja alkoholnih pića osobama mlađim od 18 godina |url=http://novi-informator.net/prodaja-alkoholnih-pi%C4%87-osobama-mla%C4%91im-od-18-godina |access-date=9 January 2015 |publisher=jeunesetalcool.be}}</ref> |Selling alcohol to a minor under the age of 18 years is an offence. The law does not prohibit minors from buying, attempting to buy or consuming alcohol.<ref name="Drinking age Bosnia" /> * Law on Public Peace and Order (2015) Article 25 prohibits providing alcohol beverages to minors. * Law on Internal Trade (2010), Article 10 prohibits the sale in the retail trade of alcohol beverages to persons under 18 years of age. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Bulgaria}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="Деца и юноши под 18 години" /> | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name="Деца и юноши под 18 години">{{Cite web |title=ЗАКОН ЗА ЗАКРИЛА НА ДЕТЕТО |url=https://www.lex.bg/laws/ldoc/2134925825 |access-date=21 October 2019 |publisher=Lex.bg |archive-date=23 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220423195057/https://www.lex.bg/laws/ldoc/2134925825 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=ЗАКОН ЗА ЗДРАВЕТО |url=https://lex.bg/bg/laws/ldoc/2135489147 |access-date=21 October 2019 |website=Lex.bg}}</ref> |It is prohibited to sell or offer alcohol beverages to anyone under the age of 18.<ref name="Деца и юноши под 18 години" /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Croatia}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="Drinking age Croatia" /> | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name="Drinking age Croatia">{{Cite web |title=Zakon o trgovini |url=https://www.zakon.hr/z/175/Zakon-o-trgovini |access-date=24 October 2019 |publisher=zakon.hr}}</ref> |It is prohibited to sell or serve alcohol to anyone under 18 years of age. There is no minimum age to buy or consume alcohol by law.<ref name="Drinking age Croatia" /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Czech Republic}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name=":6" /> |It is prohibited to provide alcohol to minors but consumption itself is not prohibited by law.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |title=Zákon č. 65/2017 Sb. Zákon o ochraně zdraví před škodlivými účinky návykových látek |url=https://www.zakonyprolidi.cz/cs/2017-65 |access-date=24 October 2019}}</ref> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Denmark}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="dansk">{{Cite web |title=Bekendtgørelse af lov om forbud mod salg af tobak og alkohol til personer under 18 år |url=https://www.retsinformation.dk/Forms/R0710.aspx?id=210239 |access-date=24 October 2019 |website=www.retsinformation.dk |language=da}}</ref> | align="center" |18<ref name="dansk" /> | align="center" |16 ^{(beverages of <16.5% ABV)} <br /><br /> 18 ^{(beverages of ≥16.5% ABV)}<ref name="dansk" /> |While there is no age requirement for drinking alcohol beverages in Denmark, there are laws that prohibit minors from buying alcohol from on-premise and off-premise outlets. If a shop or bar fails to ask for an ID card and is identified as having sold alcohol to an underage person, it is subject to a fine. A national ID card, obtained in the local town hall, can serve as age verification.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lov om forbud mod salg af tobak og alkohol til personer under 16 år |url=https://www.retsinformation.dk/Forms/R0710.aspx?id=9878 |access-date=8 January 2013 |language=da}}</ref> This card is rarely used though since a passport or driver's license is more commonly used. Both the legal drinking and purchasing age in the Faroe Islands is 18.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Alcohol |url=https://www.visitfaroeislands.com/plan-your-stay/before-you-arrive-in-the-faroe-islands/alcohol/ |access-date=29 October 2020 |website=Visit Faroe Islands}}</ref> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Estonia}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="estonia">{{Cite web |title=Alkoholiseadus |url=https://www.riigiteataja.ee/akt/832173 |access-date=24 October 2019 |publisher=Riigi Teataja}}</ref> | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="estonia" /> |It is prohibited to sell, serve or supply alcohol beverages to anyone under the age of 18 years. Alcohol found in possession of any child can be confiscated by the police. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Finland}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18 ^{(1.2–22% ABV)}<br /><br />20 ^{(>22% ABV)}<ref name="alkoholilaki">{{Cite web |title=Alkoholilaki |url=https://www.finlex.fi/fi/lainsaadanto/2017/1102 |access-date=18 April 2022}}</ref> | style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="alkoholilaki" /> | style="text-align:center;" |18 ^{(1.2–22% ABV)}<br /><br />20 ^{(>22% ABV)}<ref name="alkoholilaki" /> |All major grocery chains have implemented a policy to ask for ID if the customer looks under 30.<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 October 2012 |title=If you look under 30, get your ID out |url=http://yle.fi/uutiset/if_you_look_under_30_get_your_id_out/6333481 |access-date=21 April 2013 |publisher=YLE News}}</ref> Stores may refuse to sell alcohol if the customer is accompanied by a minor, or if proxy purchasing is suspected. Purchasing alcohol on behalf of a minor is a criminal offence.<ref name="alkoholilaki" /> Police may search minors in public places and confiscate or destroy any alcohol beverages in their possession. Incidents are reported to the legal guardian and child protective services, who may intervene with child welfare procedures. In addition, those aged 15 or above are subject to a fine.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Laki rikesakkorikkomuksista 756/2010 – Ajantasainen lainsäädäntö – FINLEX ® |url=https://www.finlex.fi/fi/lainsaadanto/2010/756 |access-date=28 July 2015}}</ref> In private, offering alcohol to a minor is considered a criminal offence if it results in drunkenness and the act can be deemed reprehensible as a whole, considering the minor's age, degree of maturity and other circumstances.<ref name="alkoholilaki" /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|France}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None, minors are under parental authority up to 18 years old, and the parent must even remain present if they offer alcohol to their child under the age of 16. In addition, making a minor drink until intoxication is an offense.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Prévention de l'alcoolisme - Service-public.fr |url=http://vosdroits.service-public.fr/particuliers/F20104.xhtml |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100221144728/http://vosdroits.service-public.fr/particuliers/F20104.xhtml |archive-date=2010-02-21}}</ref> | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name="SantePublique2">{{Cite web |title=Code de la santé publique – Article L3353-3 |url=http://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichCodeArticle.do;jsessionid=18ED9AC9EF67D77F5A2C0373B8E6B783.tpdjo08v_1?cidTexte=LEGITEXT000006072665&idArticle=LEGIARTI000020895230&dateTexte= |access-date=24 October 2019 |website=Legifrance}}</ref> |[[Faransa|France]] has no explicitly stated consumption age, but selling alcohol beverages to a minor (under 18) is prohibited and can be fined 7500 euros.<ref name="SantePublique2" /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Germany}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | colspan="3" align="center" |14 ^{(beer, wine and cider if accompanied)}<br /><br />16 ^{(beer, wine and cider)}<br /><br />18 ^{(spirits and foods containing spirits above negligible amounts)} |It is prohibited to sell, serve or supply fermented alcohol beverages (beer, wine, cider and sparkling wine) to anyone under 16 years of age. However this age limit drops down to 14 if a minor is accompanied by a parent or legal guardian. It is generally prohibited to serve, sell or supply any beverage containing spirits and foods containing spirits above negligible amounts, to anyone under the age of 18 years. Violation of the "Protection of Young Persons Act" can be punished with imprisonment up to 10 years.<br /><br /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Gibraltar}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="Gibraltar" /> | align="center" |16 ^{(beer, wine and cider)}<br /><br />18 ^(spirits)<ref name="Gibraltar" /> | align="center" |18<ref name="Gibraltar" /> |It is prohibited to sell alcohol drinks to anyone under the age of 18, other than the following two exceptions. The minimum age to be served in licensed premises is 16 if: * The alcohol beverage is beer, wine or cider below 15% ABV, '''or''' * The alcohol beverage is served in a bottle, or a pre-packaged container below 5.5% ABV. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Greece}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="ΦΕΚ A 262/2008" /> | align="center" |18<ref name="ΦΕΚ A 262/2008" /> | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name="ΦΕΚ A 262/2008">{{Cite web |date=23 December 2008 |title=ΝΟΜΟΣ 3730/2008 ΦΕΚ Με τις τελευταίες αλλαγές από το Νόμο 4633/2019 |url=https://www.kodiko.gr/nomologia/document_navigation/141125/nomos-3730-2008 |access-date=24 October 2019 |website=Kodiko.gr}}</ref> |In 2008, the consumption of alcohol beverages was prohibited for minors in public. However, the law does not apply to private events or private premises.<ref name="ΦΕΚ A 262/2008" /> However, the law is rarely enforced with authorities reporting high numbers of teen alcohol consumption yearly. ID checks are rare. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Hungary}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="IARD">{{Cite web |date=January 2019 |title=Minimum Legal Age Limits |url=https://www.iard.org/science-resources/detail/Minimum-Legal-Age-Limits |access-date=18 October 2019 |website=IARD}}</ref> | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="IARD" /> | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Iceland}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | colspan="2" align="center" |20<ref>{{Cite web |title=Áfengislög |url=https://www.althingi.is/altext/stjt/1998.075.html |access-date=23 October 2019}}</ref> |Possession or consumption of alcohol by people under the age of 20 is not an offence, but police will contact parents of those under 18 and send a report to the child protection agency, supplying them with alcohol is an offence. Drinking in public is prohibited, though this is rarely enforced in public places. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Ireland}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="Ireland">{{Cite web |title=At what age can I? |url=http://www.citizensinformation.ie/en/reference/checklists/checklist_at_what_age_can_i.html |access-date=28 February 2017 |website=citizensinformation.ie |language=en |archive-date=28 December 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101228220852/http://www.citizensinformation.ie/en/reference/checklists/checklist_at_what_age_can_i.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> | align="center" |18<ref name="Ireland" /> | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name="Ireland" /> |It is prohibited for minors to buy alcohol or for a third party to attempt to buy it for minors. Minors are prohibited to drink in private residences unless it is with their parent or guardian's permission.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 March 2012 |title=Alcohol and the law |url=http://www.citizensinformation.ie/en/justice/criminal_law/criminal_offences/alcohol_and_the_law.html |access-date=11 August 2012 |publisher=Citizensinformation.ie}}</ref> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Italy}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="Trova Norme & Concorsi – Normativa Sanitaria" /> | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name="Trova Norme & Concorsi – Normativa Sanitaria" /> |In 2012 the then Health Minister Renato Balduzzi proposed to raise the age to 18.<ref name="Trova Norme & Concorsi – Normativa Sanitaria">{{Cite web |last=Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato S.p.A. |title=Trova Norme & Concorsi – Normativa Sanitaria |url=http://www.trovanorme.salute.gov.it/norme/dettaglioAtto.spring?id=43801&completo=true |access-date=28 July 2015}}</ref> Selling alcohol to those under the age of 18 in shops carries a fine between €250 and €1000. Serving alcohol beverages to those under the age of 16 is a criminal offense and is punished with prison up to one year, if the individual is 16 or 17 it will be treated as an offense that is fined between €250 and €1000 ''(Legge n. 189/2013)''. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Kosovo}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref>{{Cite web |title=LIGJI NR. 04/L-121 PËR MBROJTJEN E KONSUMATORIT |url=https://gzk.rks-gov.net/ActDocumentDetail.aspx?ActID=2853 |access-date=18 December 2023 |website=gzk.rks-gov.net}}</ref> | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Latvia}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="Alkoholisko dzērienu aprites likums" /> | colspan="2" align="center" |18 |It is prohibited to sell or serve alcohol beverages to any minor under the age of 18 years. Persons between the ages of 18 and 25 are required to present an identity document to the retailer when purchasing alcoholic beverages, regardless of whether the retailer has requested it. There is no minimum age to consume or possess alcohol.<ref name="Alkoholisko dzērienu aprites likums" /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Liechtenstein}} | colspan="4" align="center" |18 ^{(spirits and spirit-based beverages)} 16 ^{(other alcohol beverages)}<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |title=Kinder- und Jugendgesetz (KJG) vom 10. Dezember 2008 |url=https://www.gesetze.li/chrono/2009029000 |access-date=23 October 2019}}</ref> |Spirits and alcopops may be sold only to people at least 18, and other alcohol beverages to people at least 16. Consumption and possession is prohibited at the same ages. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Lithuania}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |20 | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |20<ref name="Seimas adopted amendments on reduction of alcohol consumption" /> |It is prohibited to sell, serve or supply alcohol beverages to anyone under the age of 20 years. People under the age of 20 are prohibited from consuming alcohol beverages or from possessing them. The minimum age was raised from 18 to 20 in 2018.<ref name="Seimas adopted amendments on reduction of alcohol consumption" /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Luxembourg}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="Loi du 22 décembre 2006 portant interdiction de la vente de boissons alcooliques à des mineurs de moins de seize ans." /> | colspan="2" align="center" |16<ref name="Loi du 22 décembre 2006 portant interdiction de la vente de boissons alcooliques à des mineurs de moins de seize ans.">{{Cite web |date=29 September 2006 |title=RECUEIL DE LEGISLATION – A –– N° 237 29 décembre 2006 |url=http://legilux.public.lu/eli/etat/leg/loi/2006/12/22/n11/jo |access-date=23 October 2019 |publisher=legilux.public.lu}}</ref> |It is prohibited to sell or serve alcohol beverages of >1.2% ABV to any person under the age of 16 years. Violation is fined €251 to €1,000.<ref name="Loi du 22 décembre 2006 portant interdiction de la vente de boissons alcooliques à des mineurs de moins de seize ans." /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Malta}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="malta" /> | align="center" |17<ref name="malta" /> | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |17<ref name="malta">{{Cite web |title=CAP 10 Code of Police Laws |url=http://www.justiceservices.gov.mt/DownloadDocument.aspx?app=lom&itemid=8575 |access-date=23 October 2019 |publisher=justiceservices.gov.mt}}</ref> |Must provide identification upon request. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Moldova}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="LEGE Nr. 1100">{{Cite web |date=15 October 2010 |title=LEGE Nr. 1100 din 30.06.2000 cu privire la fabricarea şi circulaţia alcoolului etilic şi a producţiei alcoolice – Art. 30 |url=http://lex.justice.md/viewdoc.php?action=view&view=doc&id=334893&lang=1 |access-date=22 March 2018 |publisher=lex.justice.md |archive-date=7 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220507155230/http://lex.justice.md/viewdoc.php?action=view&view=doc&id=334893&lang=1 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name="LEGE Nr. 1100" /> |It is prohibited to sell, or serve alcohol beverages to anyone under the age of 18 years. It is not prohibited for minors to buy, attempt to buy or consume alcohol.<ref name="LEGE Nr. 1100" /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Montenegro}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:Gainsboro" |None | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="IARD" /> | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Netherlands}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Drank- en Horecawet |url=https://wetten.overheid.nl/BWBR0002458/2017-12-31 |access-date=23 October 2019 |website=wetten.nl}}</ref> | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name=":4" /> |The legal age for purchase and consumption of alcohol beverages was raised from 16 to 18 in 2014. Selling alcoholic beverages to people under 18 is prohibited, while buying alcoholic beverages for someone else under the age of 18 is also prohibited.<ref name=":4" /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|North Macedonia}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="northernmacedonia" /> | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="northernmacedonia">{{Cite web |title=Закон за трговија |url=https://www.pravdiko.mk/zakon-za-trgovija/ |access-date=23 October 2019 |publisher=pravdiko.mk |archive-date=21 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220421103314/https://www.pravdiko.mk/zakon-za-trgovija/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Norway}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 October 1996 |title=Proposition to Odelstinget rejecting the idea of holding minors criminally responsible for the purchase or consumption of alcohol |url=http://www.regjeringen.no/nb/dep/aid/dok/regpubl/otprp/19961997/Otprp-nr-7-1996-97-/16/3.html?id=299088 |access-date=20 June 2009 |publisher=Regjeringen.no}}</ref> | colspan="2" align="center" |18 ^{(<22% ABV)} <br /><br /> 20 ^{(≥22% ABV)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lov om omsetning av alkoholholdig drikk m.v. (alkoholloven) – Lovdata |url=https://lovdata.no/dokument/NL/lov/1989-06-02-27 |website=lovdata.no}}</ref>} |Alcohol possessed by minors may be confiscated as evidence. Drinking in public is prohibited, though this is rarely enforced in recreational areas. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Poland}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="tekst jednolity: Dz. U. 2002 r. Nr 147 poz. 1231" /> | align="center" |None ^{(within designated drinking zones)}<br /><br />Prohibited ^(elsewhere) | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name="tekst jednolity: Dz. U. 2002 r. Nr 147 poz. 1231">{{Cite web |title=Ustawa z dnia 26 października 1982 r. o wychowaniu w trzeźwości i przeciwdziałaniu alkoholizmowi |url=http://prawo.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/DocDetails.xsp?id=WDU19820350230 |access-date=23 October 2019 |website=ISAP – Internetowy System Aktów Prawnych |language=pl}}</ref> |Article 15 of The Act on Upbringing in Sobriety and Counteracting Alcoholism<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Act on Upbringing in Sobriety and Counteracting Alcoholism. |url=http://www.parpa.pl/download/ustawaang.pdf |access-date=10 July 2016 |language=en}}</ref> prohibits sale or serving of alcohol beverages to anyone under 18 and that if doubt exists as to age, sellers/servers should require ID as proof of age. Drinking in public places, with the exception of designated drinking zones, is prohibited regardless of age. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Portugal}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="1 de Julho: nova legislação sobre o álcool e a vacina Prevenar em vigor" /> | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name="1 de Julho: nova legislação sobre o álcool e a vacina Prevenar em vigor">{{Cite web |title=MINISTÉRIO DA SAÚDE Decreto-Lei n.º 106/2015 de 16 de junho |url=http://www.sicad.pt/PT/FNAS/Documents/DL_106_2015.pdf |access-date=23 October 2019 |language=pt |archive-date=14 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220414230549/https://www.sicad.pt/PT/FNAS/Documents/DL_106_2015.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> | align="center" | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Romania}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="romania" /> | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name="romania">{{Cite web |date=June 2011 |title=Legea nr. 61/1991 (Actualizata 2008), pentru sanctionarea faptelor de incalcare a unor norme de convietuire sociala, a ordinii si linistii publice |url=http://www.euroavocatura.ro/legislatie/853/Legea_61_1991__republicata_2011_,_pentru_sanctionarea_faptelor_de_incalcare_a_unor_norme_de_convietuire_sociala,_a_ordinii_si_linistii_publice |access-date=23 October 2019 |language=ro}}</ref> |Whoever offers or supplies alcohol beverages to a child under the age of 14 years in an amount which is resulting death to one is punished with imprisonment for 3 to 12 years. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Russia}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref>{{Cite web |title=Федеральный закон от 22.11.1995 N 171-ФЗ (ред. от 01.05.2019) "О государственном регулировании производства и оборота этилового спирта, алкогольной и спиртосодержащей продукции и об ограничении потребления (распития) алкогольной продукции" |url=https://legalacts.ru/doc/171_FZ-o-gosudarstvennom-regulirovanii-proizvodstva-i-oborota-jetilovogo-spirta_-alkogolnoj-i-spirtosoderzhawej-produkcii/ |access-date=23 October 2019 |language=ru}}</ref> |The legal purchase age limits are 18. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|San Marino}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |16<ref name="IARD" /> |Criminal Code Article 165 |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Serbia}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18 |Possession of alcohol is regulated by Article 23 of Consumer protection law which prohibits selling, serving and giving alcohol to a person under the age of 18.<ref name=":7">{{Cite web |title=Закон о заштити потрошача: ("Sl. glasnik RS", br. 88/2021-3) |trans-title=Consumer protection law |url=https://www.pravno-informacioni-sistem.rs/SlGlasnikPortal/eli/rep/sgrs/skupstina/zakon/2021/88/1/reg |access-date=22 October 2019 |website=Правно информациони систем}}</ref> However, the law is loosely enforced. |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Slovakia}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18 | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Slovenia}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None<ref name="slovenia" /> | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name="slovenia">{{Cite web |title=Zákon o ochrane pred zneužívaním alkoholických nápojov a o zriaďovaní a prevádzke protialkoholických záchytných izieb |url=http://www.nalijem.si/o-alkoholu/alkohol-in-zakoni |access-date=9 January 2015}}</ref> | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Spain}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref>{{Cite web |title=Alcohol and youth – Legislation |url=http://www.mscbs.gob.es/alcoholJovenes/legislacion/legislacionEstatal.htm |access-date=22 October 2019 |website=Ministry of Health, Social Services and Equality}}</ref> |Autonomous region Balearic Islands does not have legislation on legal purchase age limits.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=June 2024}}<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)">citation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Sweden}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="swe2010" /><ref name="sweden">{{Cite web |title=Systembolaget FAQ: Why is there an 18-year age limit on the pub but a 20-year age limit for Systembolaget? |url=https://vanligafragor.systembolaget.se/org/systembolaget/d/varfor-ar-det-18-arsgrans-pa-restaurang-och-krogen/ |access-date=22 October 2019 |website=Systembolaget |publisher=Systembolaget.se |archive-date=31 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220331115214/https://vanligafragor.systembolaget.se/org/systembolaget/d/varfor-ar-det-18-arsgrans-pa-restaurang-och-krogen/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> | align="center" |None under 2.25% ABV 20<ref name="swe2010" /> 18 ^{(beer, above 2.25% ABV and below or equal to 3.5% ABV)} | It is legal for anyone at any age to drink,<ref>{{Cite web |title=ÄR DET OLAGLIGT ATT DRICKA ALKOHOL OM MAN ÄR UNDER 18 ÅR? |trans-title=IS IT ILLEGAL TO DRINK ALCOHOL IF YOU ARE UNDER 18 YEARS OLD? |url=https://lawline.se/answers/ar-det-olagligt-att-dricka-alkohol-om-man-ar-under-18-ar |access-date=6 May 2022 |website=lawline |language=sv}}</ref> but off-premise sale or supply to anyone under the age of 20 is prohibited and on-premise establishments are prohibited from serving alcohol beverages to anyone under 18. It is legal to serve an underage person alcohol in a private place, provided it's a limited amount and done in moderation.<ref name="swe2010">{{Cite web |title=3 Kap. 7§ Alkohollag (2010:1622) |url=https://www.riksdagen.se/sv/dokument-lagar/dokument/svensk-forfattningssamling/alkohollag-20101622_sfs-2010-1622 |access-date=27 June 2018}}</ref> The reason for the lower limit in bars than in Systembolaget shops is that bartenders have a legal responsibility for how drunk a guest gets.<ref name="sweden" /> Class II beer (up to 3.5% ABV), called folköl ("people's beer"), is sold in regular stores, but with the minimum purchase age of 18.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Langning av alkohol - lagar och fakta |url=https://polisen.se/lagar-och-regler/lagar-och-fakta-om-brott/langning-av-alkohol/ |access-date=31 July 2023 |website=Polismyndigheten |language=sv}}</ref> Class I beer (2.25% ABV and under) has no age restriction. |- | rowspan="2" |{{Flag|Switzerland}} |{{Flag|Switzerland}} (federal law) | colspan="2" rowspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | colspan="2" align="center" |16 ^{(fermented beverages with up to 15% ABV and natural wines with up to 18% ABV)}<ref>{{Cite web |title=817.02 Lebensmittel- und Gebrauchsgegenständeverordnung Art. 11 |url=http://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20050153/index.html#a11 |access-date=9 January 2015 |publisher=admin.ch}}</ref><br /><br /> 18 ^(spirits)<ref>{{Cite web |title=680 Bundesgesetz über die gebrannten Wasser Art. 41 IV. 1. i. |url=http://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/19320035/index.html#a41 |access-date=9 January 2015 |publisher=admin.ch}}</ref> |Whoever offers or supplies alcohol beverages to a child under the age of 16 years in an amount which is harmful to one's health is punished with imprisonment up to 3 years or a fine.<ref>{{Cite web |title=311.0 Schweizerisches Strafgesetzbuch vom 21. Dezember 1937 (Stand am 1. Januar 2015) – Art. 411 |url=https://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/19370083/201501010000/311.0.pdf |access-date=9 August 2015 |website=admin.ch |publisher=Swiss Federal Council |language=de}}</ref> Whoever sells or supplies spirits to a person under the age of 18 years is punished with a fine up to 10,000 CHF.<ref>{{Cite web |title=680 Bundesgesetz vom 21. Juni 1932 über die gebrannten Wasser (Alkoholgesetz) – Art. 57 |url=https://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/19320035/index.html#a57 |access-date=9 August 2015 |website=admin.ch |publisher=Swiss Federal Council |language=de}}</ref> |- |{{Flag|Ticino}} | colspan="2" align="center" |18 |Canton Ticino prohibits the selling of any type of alcohol beverage to minors under the age of 18.<ref>{{Cite web |title=RL 942.100 Legge sugli esercizi alberghieri e sulla ristorazione del 1° giugno 2010 (stato 15 giugno 2017) – art. 23 cpv. 1 lit. a |url=https://www3.ti.ch/CAN/RLeggi/public/index.php/raccolta-leggi/pdfatto/atto/628 |access-date=2 March 2019 |website=ti.ch |language=it}}</ref> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Ukraine}} | colspan="2" align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |None | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="IARD" /> |Law No. 1824-VI on state regulation of production and turnover of ethyl, cognac and fruit, alcoholic beverages and tobacco products Article 15-3 |- | rowspan="4" |{{Flag|United Kingdom}} |{{Flag|England}} <br /><br /> {{Flag|Wales}} | colspan="2" align="center" |5<ref name="cypa">{{Cite web |title=section 5, Children and Young Persons Act 1933 |url=https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Geo5/23-24/12/section/5 |access-date=13 June 2024 |website=[[Legislation.gov.uk]]}}</ref><br /><br />On licensed premises: 18<ref name="s146LA">{{Cite web |title=section 146, Licensing Act 2003 |url=https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2003/17/section/146 |access-date=13 June 2024 |website=[[Legislation.gov.uk]]}}</ref><br /><br />or 16 ^{(for beer, wine or cider with a table meal and if accompanied by adult)}<ref name="s150LA">{{Cite web |title=section 150 Licensing Act 2003 |url=https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2003/17/section/150 |access-date=13 June 2024 |website=[[Legislation.gov.uk]]}}</ref> | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name="uk">{{Cite web |title=Licensing Act 2003 |url=http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2003/17/contents |access-date=22 October 2019}}</ref> | * It is prohibited to give a child under the age of 5 alcohol, unless for medical reasons.<ref name="cypa" /> * It is prohibited to sell alcoholic beverages to anyone under the age of 18,<ref name="s146LA" /> but 16-17 year olds may consume beer, wine, or cider on licensed premises when at a table meal with an adult who is accompanying them.<ref name="s150LA" /> * It is not illegal for under 18s to possess or consume alcohol, but the police can confiscate alcohol from under 18s in public.<ref name="CAYPA97">{{Cite web |title=Confiscation of Alcohol (Young Persons) Act 1997 |url=https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1997/33 |access-date=13 June 2024 |website=[[Legislation.gov.uk]]}}</ref> * Import: People over 17 are entitled to a duty-free allowance for alcohol beverages.<ref name="UK Duty Free">{{Cite web |title=Bringing goods into the UK – 3. Arrivals from outside the EU |url=https://www.gov.uk/duty-free-goods/arrivals-from-outside-the-eu |access-date=17 June 2017 |website=gov.uk}}</ref> |- |{{Flag|Scotland}} | align="center" |None | align="center" |18<ref name="S102LSA">{{Cite web |title=section 102, Licensing (Scotland) Act 2005 |url=https://www.legislation.gov.uk/asp/2005/16/section/102 |access-date=13 June 2024 |website=[[Legislation.gov.uk]]}}</ref><ref name="S104ALSA">{{Cite web |title=section 104A, Licensing (Scotland) Act 2005 |url=https://www.legislation.gov.uk/asp/2005/16/section/104A |access-date=13 June 2024 |website=[[Legislation.gov.uk]]}}</ref><br /><br />16 ^{(beer, wine, cider or perry with a meal if purchased by an adult aged 18 or older)}<ref name="s104BLSA">{{Cite web |title=section 104B, Licensing (Scotland) Act 2005 |url=https://www.legislation.gov.uk/asp/2005/16/section/104B |access-date=13 June 2024 |website=[[Legislation.gov.uk]]}}</ref> | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name="scotland">{{Cite web |title=Alcohol and young people – GOV.UK |url=https://www.gov.uk/alcohol-young-people-law |access-date=22 October 2019 |website=gov.uk}}</ref> | * It is prohibited to sell alcoholic beverages to persons under the age of 18,<ref name="S104ALSA" /> and liqueur confectionery to persons under the age of 16.<ref name="s104">{{Cite web |title=section 104, Licensing (Scotland) Act 2005 |url=https://www.legislation.gov.uk/asp/2005/16/section/104 |access-date=13 June 2024 |website=[[Legislation.gov.uk]]}}</ref> * The police can confiscate alcohol from those below the drinking age in public.<ref>{{Cite web |title=section 61, Crime and Punishment (Scotland) Act 1997 |url=https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1997/48/section/61 |access-date=13 June 2024 |website=[[Legislation.gov.uk]]}}</ref> Those aged 16–17 may consume beer, wine, cider, or perry on licensed premises with a meal.<ref name="s104BLSA" /> * Import: People over 17 are entitled to a duty-free allowance for alcoholic beverages.<ref name="UK Duty Free" /> |- |{{Flag|Northern Ireland|}} | align="center" |14<ref name="CYPANI">{{Cite web |title=section 25, Children and Young Persons Act (Northern Ireland) 1968 |url=https://www.legislation.gov.uk/apni/1968/34/section/25 |access-date=13 June 2024 |website=[[Legislation.gov.uk]]}}, with [https://www.legislation.gov.uk/apni/1968/34/section/180 s180]</ref> | align="center" |18<ref name="A60LNIO">{{Cite web |title=article 60, Licensing (Northern Ireland) Order 1996 |url=https://www.legislation.gov.uk/nisi/1996/3158/article/60 |access-date=13 June 2024 |website=[[Legislation.gov.uk]]}}</ref> | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name="A60LNIO" /> | * It is illegal for persons under 14 to be given alcohol, and then only for medical purposes.<ref name="CYPANI" /> * It is prohibited to sell, serve, or offer alcohol beverages to anyone under the age of 18. Minors are prohibited to consume alcohol beverages in public<ref name="A60LNIO" /> and the police can confiscate alcohol from under 18s in public.<ref name="CAYPA97" /> |- | colspan="5" |{{Flag|United Kingdom}} |Under the BBPA's Challenge 21 and Challenge 25 schemes, customers attempting to buy alcohol beverages are asked to prove their age if in the retailer's opinion they look under 21<ref>{{Cite web |title=Challenge 21 |url=https://beerandpub.com/campaigns/challenge-21/ |website=British Beer and Pub Association}}</ref> (or optionally 25) even though the law states they must be a minimum of 18. Many supermarket and off-licence chains display Challenge 21 (or Challenge 25) notices stating that they will not serve people who look under 21 (or 25) without ID. |} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! rowspan="2" style="width:12%;" |Kasar ! rowspan="2" style="width:12%;" |Jiha / yanki / lardin&#x2009;&#x2009; ! colspan="2" style="width:20%;" |De jure ! rowspan="2" style="width:56%;" |Bayani |- ! style="width:10%;" |Shekarar shan giya ! style="width:10%;" |Shekarar sayarwa |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Australia}} | colspan="2" align="center" |18<ref name="IARD"/> |Duk jihohi sun ƙuntata sayayya zuwa sama da 18, amma banbanci na iya amfani idan yana tare da iyaye ko mai kula. Gidan yanar gizon Dokar Matasa ta Australia da gwamnati ke tallafawa yana ba da cikakkun bayanai game da amfani da iyakar shekarun samarwa ta jihar.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Teen issues: Alcohol |url=https://yla.org.au/nsw/topics/teen-issues/alcohol/ |access-date=17 October 2019 |website=Youth Law Australia |publisher=Department of Health Victoria}}</ref>  |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Fiji}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="Fiji">{{Cite web |date=1 August 2018 |title=Liquor Act 2006 |url=https://www.laws.gov.fj/Acts/DisplayAct/273 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191017200211/https://www.laws.gov.fj/Acts/DisplayAct/273 |archive-date=17 October 2019 |access-date=17 October 2019 |publisher=Fijitimes.com}}</ref> |Shekarar shan giya a baya ta kasance 21 amma an saukar da ita zuwa 18 a cikin 2009.<ref name="Fiji" /> |- |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Kiribati}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |21<ref name="auto1"/> |Dokar giya 1973 Art 11 Dokar giya (Gwamma) 12-2005 Art 27 Abin sha (Gwamma) Dokar 12-2005 Art 27 |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Marshall Islands}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |21<ref name="auto1" /> |Dokar Kula da Abin sha ta 1971 Art 111 (i) Dokar Ƙuntataccen Abin sha ta 1994 Art 202 (1) Dokar Ƙuntata barasa ta 1994 Art 202 (1) |- | rowspan="2" |{{Flag|Micronesia, Federated States of}} | {{Flag|Chuuk}}<br />{{Flag|Kosrae}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18 | |- | {{Flag|Pohnpei}}<br />{{Flag|Yap}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |21 | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Nauru}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |21<ref name="auto1" /> |Dokar Abincin 1967 Art 33 |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|New Zealand}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |Babu | style="text-align:center;" |18<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sale and Supply of Alcohol Act 2012 |url=https://www.alcohol.org.nz/management-laws/nz-alcohol-laws/sale-and-supply-of-alcohol-act-2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191107224304/https://www.alcohol.org.nz/management-laws/nz-alcohol-laws/sale-and-supply-of-alcohol-act-2012 |archive-date=7 November 2019 |access-date=17 October 2019 |publisher=alcohol.org.nz}}</ref> |Mafi ƙarancin shekaru ya shafi abin sha tare da 1.15% ABV ko sama da haka; babu ƙuntatawa akan abin sha ƙasa da 1.15%.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 July 2011 |title=2 Interpretation – Sale of Liquor Act 1989 No 63 (as at 01 July 2011), Public Act – New Zealand Legislation Online |url=http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/1989/0063/latest/DLM165121.html#DLM165121 |access-date=8 January 2013 |publisher=Parliamentary Counsel Office}}</ref> Mutanen da ba su kai shekara 18 ba na iya shan giya a waje da gidaje masu zaman kansu ko ayyuka masu zaman kansu idan suna tare da iyayensu ko mai kula da su. Ana iya ba da barasa ga yara ne kawai ta hanyar, ko kuma tare da yardar da ta dace daga, iyayensu ko mai kula da su.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The law about supply to young people |url=http://alcohol.org.nz/help-advice/advice-on-alcohol/for-parents/the-law-about-supply-to-young-people |access-date=30 April 2016 |publisher=Alcohol.org.nz}}</ref><br /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Palau}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |21<ref name="Palau Alcoholic Beverage Control Act">{{Cite web |title=Alcoholic Beverage Control Act – § 1068. Sale or distribution to minors; purchase, possession, or consumption by minors. |url=http://www.paclii.org/pw/legis/consol_act/babrt11389/ |access-date=22 March 2018 |publisher=Pacific Islands Legal Information Institute |archive-date=7 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220507155230/http://www.paclii.org/pw/legis/consol_act/babrt11389/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |An haramta sayar da ko ba da duk wani abin sha ga mutumin da bai kai shekara 21 ba. Yara na iya samun damar shiga mashaya ko wuraren lasisi ne kawai idan suna tare da iyaye ko mai kula da doka. Yara masu sayarwa, cinyewa ko ƙoƙarin sayen barasa suna aikata laifi. Dokar ta ba da banda ga shan barasa ta yara a matsayin wani ɓangare na bikin da aka amince da shi ta addini.<ref name="Palau Alcoholic Beverage Control Act" /> |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Papua New Guinea}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="postcourier.com.pg">{{Cite web |date=13 March 2017 |title=Underage drinking is a public health problem |url=https://postcourier.com.pg/underage-drinking-is-a-public-health-problem/ |access-date=29 October 2020 |website=Post Courier |language=en-US}}</ref> |An haramta wa ƙarami sayen, cinyewa ko ƙoƙarin siyan abin sha. Duk wanda ke da lasisi dole ne ya tabbatar da cewa abokin ciniki wanda yake siyarwa ko ba da barasa, aƙalla shekaru 18. Ana iya hukunta keta wannan doka da tarar.<ref name="postcourier.com.pg" /> ''Dokar lasisin giya (1963) Art 102-103'' |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Samoa}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |21<ref name="Samoa Liquor Licensing Act">{{Cite web |title=Liquor Act 2011 – Section 14 |url=http://www.palemene.ws/new/wp-content/uploads/01.Acts/Acts%202011/Liquor_Act_2011_-_Eng.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171016185321/http://www.palemene.ws/new/wp-content/uploads//01.Acts/Acts%202011/Liquor_Act_2011_-_Eng.pdf |archive-date=16 October 2017 |access-date=22 March 2018 |publisher=Parliament of Samoa}}</ref> |Sayar da ko ba da barasa ga mutumin da bai kai shekara 21 ba ana iya hukunta shi da tarar dala ɗari uku, ɗaurin kurkuku na watanni tara, ko duka biyun.<ref name="Solomon Islands Liquor Licensing Act" /> "ba ya amfani da lasisin lasisin abinci da abin sha idan mutumin da ba shi da shekaru 21 yana ƙarƙashin kulawar iyaye masu halarta. " |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Solomon Islands}} | align="center" style="background:Gainsboro" |Babu<ref name="Solomon Islands Liquor Licensing Act" /> | align="center" |21<ref name="Solomon Islands Liquor Licensing Act">{{Cite web |title=Section 72 of the Liquor Act (Ch. 144) |url=http://www.paclii.org/sb/criminal-law/ch50-liquor-act.htm |access-date=22 March 2018 |publisher=Pacific Islands Legal Information Institute}}</ref> |Sayar da ko ba da barasa ga mutumin da bai kai shekara 21 ba ana iya hukunta shi da tarar dala ɗari uku, ɗaurin kurkuku na watanni tara, ko duka biyun.<ref name="Solomon Islands Liquor Licensing Act" /> |- | colspan="2" |''{{Flag|Tokelau}}'' | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18 | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Tonga}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="Tonga Liquor Licensing Act">{{Cite web |title=INTOXICATING LIQUOR ACT – Section 65 |url=https://ago.gov.to/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/1950/1950-0025/IntoxicatingLiquorAct_2.pdf?zoom_highlight=Intoxicating+Liquor+Act#search=%22Intoxicating%20Liquor%20Act%22 |access-date=22 March 2018 |publisher=The Kingdom of Tonga, Attorney General's Office}}</ref> |An haramta sayar da, ba da abinci ko samar da barasa ga duk wanda bai kai shekara 18 ba. Har ila yau an haramta wa yara su sayi, su yi ƙoƙari su sayi ko su sha barasa a kowane wuri na jama'a kuma duk wani keta wannan doka ana hukunta shi da tarar $ 1,000.<ref name="Tonga Liquor Licensing Act" /> |- | rowspan="3" | Amurka |''{{Flag|American Samoa}}'' | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |21<ref>{{Cite web |title=ALCOHOL REFORM ISSUES PAPER |url=http://www.samoalawreform.gov.ws/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/Alcohol-Reform-Issues-Paper-Final.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140917184910/http://www.samoalawreform.gov.ws/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/Alcohol-Reform-Issues-Paper-Final.pdf |archive-date=17 September 2014 |access-date=25 March 2015 |website=samoalawreform.gov.ws |publisher=Samoa Law Reform Commission}}</ref> | |- |''{{Flag|Guam}}'' | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |21<ref>{{Cite web |title=Drinking age raised to 21 on Guam |url=https://www.stripes.com/news/pacific/guam/drinking-age-raised-to-21-on-guam-1.110333 |access-date=13 March 2021 |website=Stars and Stripes}}</ref> |Ya zuwa watan Yulin 2010, an kara shekarun shan giya a yankin Guam zuwa 21. |- |''{{Flag|Northern Mariana Islands}}'' | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |21<ref name="Northern Mariana Islands Public Law 19-84">{{Cite web |title=H. B. No. 19-141 HDI SSI |url=https://www.cnmilaw.org/pdf/public_laws/19/pl19-84.pdf |access-date=22 March 2018 |publisher=cnmilaw.org}}</ref> | |- | colspan="2" |{{Flag|Vanuatu}} | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |18<ref name="Vanuatu Liquor Licensing Act">{{Cite web |title=Liquor Licensing Act – Section 17 |url=http://www.paclii.org/vu/legis/consol_act/lla190/ |access-date=22 March 2018 |publisher=Pacific Islands Legal Information Institute}}</ref> |Ba bisa ka'ida ba ne a sayar, ba da abinci ko samar da barasa ga duk wani mutum da bai kai shekara 18 ba. Ana cin zarafin doka har zuwa VT 25,000 ko kuma ta hanyar ɗaurin da bai wuce watanni 3 ba, ko kuma duka biyun, tarar da ɗaurin kurkuku. Duk wani ƙarami a ƙarƙashin shekaru 18, wanda aka samu yana da ko amfani da barasa ana ci tarar shi har zuwa VT 10,000.<ref name="Vanuatu Liquor Licensing Act" /> |} == Dubi kuma == == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}} == Haɗin waj == * Matsakaicin iyakar shekarun shari'a teburin kan layi wanda aka sabunta akan juyawa, International Alliance for Responsible DrinkingƘungiyar Ƙasashen Duniya don Shan Alhakin {{Alcohol and health}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] g4lves2bph52c2tz60a4crl04d9utgn 0 114029 829922 798315 2026-05-05T06:34:14Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829922 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Siân Brooke''' (an Laifi ta Siân Elizabeth Phillips; 1980) [1] 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta [[Ingila]]. Ayyukanta na talabijin sun haɗa da Cape Wrath (2007), Sherlock (2017), Doctor Foster (2017), Good Omens (2019), Guilt (2019), Trying (2020-), House of the Dragon (2022), da Blue Lights (2023-). == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Siân Elizabeth Phillips a Lichfield, Staffordshire, Ingila, a cikin 1980 kuma ita ce ƙarama cikin 'yan uwa uku. Ta ɗauki sunan mataki don kauce wa rikicewa tare da 'yar wasan Welsh Siân Phillips, ta zaɓi Brooke bayan wani janar na Yaƙin basasar Ingila Lord Brooke wanda aka kashe a Lichfield. Ita 'yar wani jami'in 'yan sanda ce kuma malami.<ref name="LM" /> Iyayenta Welsh ne.<ref name="WalesOnline1">{{Cite web |last=Whitfield, Lydia |date=25 April 2004 |title=Revealed: Wales's top 50 single women |url=http://www.walesonline.co.uk/news/wales-news/tm_objectid=14180572&method=full&siteid=50082&page=2&headline=revealed--wales-s-top-50-single-women-name_page.html |access-date=20 August 2009 |publisher=[[Wales on Sunday]]}}</ref> Brooke ta fara karatu ne a Makarantar Friary da ke Lichfield. Da farko ta shiga gidan wasan kwaikwayo na matasa na Lichfield tana da shekaru 11 kafin ta zama memba na Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Matasa na Kasa kuma daga baya ta horar da ita a Royal Academy of Dramatic Art (RADA), daga inda ta kammala a shekara ta 2002. <ref name="LM" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Sian Brooke |url=https://www.rada.ac.uk/profiles?aos=acting&yr=2002&fn=sian&sn=brooke |access-date=17 January 2017 |publisher=[[Royal Academy of Dramatic Art]]}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Ta fara wasan kwaikwayo ne a matsayin Krista a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na ''Dinotopia'' a shekara ta 2002.<ref name="RADA">{{Cite web |title=Sian Brooke on Hamlet, Parenthood and her studies at RADA |url=https://www.rada.ac.uk/rada_files/alumni_enewsletter/siân_brooke.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118225110/https://www.rada.ac.uk/rada_files/alumni_enewsletter/sian_brooke.pdf |archive-date=18 January 2017 |access-date=17 January 2017 |publisher=Royal Academy of Dramatic Art}}</ref> Kyautar talabijin ta Brooke ta haɗa da A Touch of Frost, Hotel Babylon, Foyle's War, da The ''Fixer''. Yayinda take yarinya, an nuna ta a cikin Strangers in Utah tare da Adrian Dunbar da Phyllida Law. Ta kuma taka rawar Laura a cikin All About George da Lori Marcuse a ''Cape Wrath'' . Brooke ta ba da muryarta ga wasan kwaikwayo na rediyo Murder on the Homefront, A Pin to See the Peepshow, da Dreaming in Africa. <ref name="NT1">{{Cite web |title=National Theatre: Company Members: Sian Brooke |url=http://www.nationaltheatre.org.uk/45819/company-members/sian-brooke.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110817103333/http://www.nationaltheatre.org.uk/45819/company-members/sian-brooke.html |archive-date=17 August 2011 |publisher=National Theatre}}</ref> Ayyukan gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Brooke sun haɗa da ''Girbi'', Dying City, Dido Sarauniya ta Carthage, A cikin Kungiyar, ''''Birina'' Ranar Haihuwar'', "Ba Ni Gudana" da Absolutely Maybe. Ta kuma bayyana a cikin shirye-shiryen Poor Beck, A Midsummer Night's Dream, King Lear da ''Romeo da Juliet'', tare da Royal Shakespeare Company. <ref name="NT1"/> Daga Yuli zuwa Agusta 2008, Brooke ta buga Dorothy Gale a cikin kiɗa The Wizard of Oz a Cibiyar Southbank. Jude Kelly ne ya ba da umarnin samar da shi. A cikin shekara ta 2011 a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Almeida, London, ta bayyana a cikin Stephen Poliakoff's My City da Neil LaBute's Reasons to be Pretty. Daga watan Agusta zuwa Oktoba 2015, Brooke ta buga Ophelia tare da Benedict Cumberbatch a cikin samar da ''Hamlet'' na Barbican.''' A cikin 2017, Brooke ta fito a cikin jerin na huɗu na wasan kwaikwayo na talabijin na ''Sherlock'' a matsayin 'yar'uwar Sherlock Holmes, Eurus. Da farko ta yi sauraro ga haruffa da yawa a cikin wasan kwaikwayon kafin masu nunawa su ''Gwada'' wa Brooke cewa duk haruffa ɗaya ne, Eurus, wanda zai zama masanin ɓoyewa. Michael Hogan da ke rubutawa ga The Daily Telegraph a cikin bita na uku na jerin ya yi sharhi cewa rawar ta kasance "tauraruwa ce daga Siân Brooke". Daga baya a cikin shekarar, ta bayyana tare da Sheridan Smith da Gemma Whelan a cikin miniseries na BBC The Moorside, bisa ga satar Shannon Matthews. Ta fito a matsayin Karen a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen Apple TV na farko na Trying, wanda aka sabunta don jerin na uku Ayyukanta na jagora a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen BBC na 2023-24 Blue Lights a matsayin Grace Ellis, mahaifiyar wata matashiya wacce ta yanke shawara a cikin shekaru 40 don barin aikinta a matsayin ma'aikaciyar zamantakewa don shiga Ofishin 'yan sanda na Arewacin Ireland, an yaba da ita sosai. == Rayuwa ta mutum == Brooke ta yi aure kuma tana da 'ya'ya biyu.<ref name="RADA"/><ref>{{Cite web |last=Mellor |first=Louisa |date=13 January 2017 |title=Sherlock series 4: Sian Brooke on keeping her role secret |url=http://www.denofgeek.com/uk/tv/sherlock/46505/sherlock-series-4-sian-brooke-on-keeping-her-role-secret |publisher=Den of Geek |access-date=14 August 2025 |archive-date=14 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170114104759/http://www.denofgeek.com/uk/tv/sherlock/46505/sherlock-series-4-sian-brooke-on-keeping-her-role-secret |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ita jakada ce ga kungiyar agaji ta sauya sauyin yanayi The Glacier Trust. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 November 2017 |title=Siân Brooke joins The Glacier Trust |url=http://theglaciertrust.org/blog/sianbrooke |access-date=2019-05-26 |website=The Glacier Trust |language=en-US}}</ref> == Hotunan fina-finai == === Talabijin === === Film === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" ! scope="col" |Shekaru (s) ! scope="col" |Taken ! scope="col" |Matsayi ! scope="col" |{{Abbr|Ref(s)|Reference(s)}} |- |2019 ! scope="row" |''Rediyo mai amfani'' |Bronia Sklodowska | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Radioactive (2019) |url=https://www2.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/5f93564756844 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201203035253/https://www2.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/5f93564756844 |archive-date=3 December 2020 |access-date=10 October 2022 |publisher=British Film Institute}}</ref> |- |2020 |''Jikin ruwa'' |Stephanie | style="text-align:center;" | |} === Mataki === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" ! scope="col" |Year(s) ! scope="col" |Title ! scope="col" |Role ! scope="col" |Theatre ! class="unsortable" scope="col" |Notes ! class="unsortable" scope="col" |{{Abbr|Ref(s)|Reference(s)}} |- |2002 ! scope="row" |''Just a Bloke'' |Lisa |Royal Court Theatre |7 November&nbsp;– 23 November | style="text-align:center;" |<ref name="RCT">{{Cite web |date=8 October 2002 |title=Imprint: The Royal Court Young Writers Festival 2002 |url=https://www.londontheatre.co.uk/theatre-news/news/imprint-the-royal-court-young-writers-festival-2002 |access-date=17 January 2017 |publisher=London Theatre}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Tour archive for Just a Bloke (Play) |url=http://www.uktw.co.uk/archive/Tour/Play/Just-a-Bloke-Imprint-Young-Writers-Festival-2002-Programme-2/T2075800796/ |access-date=17 January 2017 |publisher=UK Theatre Web}}</ref> |- |2002 ! scope="row" |''{{Sortname|The|One with the Oven}}'' |Sarah |Royal Court Theatre |7 November&nbsp;– 23 November | style="text-align:center;" |<ref name="RCT" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Tour archive for The One with the Oven (Play) |url=http://www.uktw.co.uk/archive/Tour/Play/The-One-with-the-Oven-Imprint-Young-Writers-Festival-2002-Programme-2/T1218237054/ |access-date=17 January 2017 |publisher=UK Theatre Web}}</ref> |- |2003 ! scope="row" |''Absolutely! (Perhaps)'' |Dina |Wyndham's Theatre |7 May&nbsp;– 13 September | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tour archive for Absolutely!! (Perhaps) (Play) |url=http://www.uktw.co.uk/archive/Tour/Play/Absolutely-Perhaps/T1798147795/ |access-date=17 January 2017 |publisher=UK Theatre Web}}</ref> |- |2004–2005 ! scope="row" |''Romeo and Juliet'' |Juliet |Royal Shakespeare Theatre<br /><br />Noël Coward Theatre |25 March 2004&nbsp;– 8 October 2004<br /><br />16 December 2004&nbsp;– 8 January 2005 | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Orme |first=Steve |title=Romeo and Juliet |url=http://www.britishtheatreguide.info/reviews/RSCrandj-rev |access-date=17 January 2017 |publisher=The British Theatre Guide}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Tour archive for Romeo and Juliet (Play) |url=http://www.uktw.co.uk/archive/Tour/Play/Romeo-and-Juliet/T715328794/ |access-date=17 January 2017 |publisher=UK Theatre Web }}{{Dead link|date=February 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Tour archive for Romeo and Juliet (Play) |url=http://www.uktw.co.uk/archive/Tour/Play/Romeo-and-Juliet/T01718616059/ |access-date=17 January 2017 |publisher=UK Theatre Web |archive-date=18 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118135942/http://www.uktw.co.uk/archive/Tour/Play/Romeo-and-Juliet/T01718616059/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |2004–2005 ! scope="row" |''King Lear'' |Cordelia |Royal Shakespeare Theatre<br /><br />Theatre Royal, Newcastle<br /><br />Noël Coward Theatre |17 June 2004&nbsp;– 14 October 2004<br /><br />16 November 2004&nbsp;– 20 November 2004<br /><br />13 January 2005&nbsp;– 5 February 2005 | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tour archive for King Lear (Play) |url=http://www.uktw.co.uk/archive/Tour/Play/King-Lear/T0462252551/ |access-date=17 January 2017 |publisher=UK Theatre Web |archive-date=18 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118052325/http://www.uktw.co.uk/archive/Tour/Play/King-Lear/T0462252551/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Fisher |first=Philip |title=King Lear |url=http://www.britishtheatreguide.info/reviews/rsclearnnewcastle-rev |access-date=17 January 2017 |publisher=The British Theatre Guide}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Tour archive for King Lear (Play) |url=http://www.uktw.co.uk/archive/Tour/Play/King-Lear/T0560502460/ |access-date=17 January 2017 |publisher=UK Theatre Web |archive-date=18 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118052327/http://www.uktw.co.uk/archive/Tour/Play/King-Lear/T0560502460/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |2004–2005 ! scope="row" |''Poor Beck'' |Myrrha |The Other Place<br /><br />Soho Theatre |29 September 2004&nbsp;– 7 October 2004<br /><br />11 March 2005&nbsp;– 16 March 2005 | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tour archive for Poor Beck (Play) |url=http://www.uktw.co.uk/archive/Tour/Play/Poor-Beck-New-Work-Festival/T393460816/ |access-date=17 January 2017 |publisher=UK Theatre Web |archive-date=18 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118213609/http://www.uktw.co.uk/archive/Tour/Play/Poor-Beck-New-Work-Festival/T393460816/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |2005 ! scope="row" |''Harvest'' |Laura |Royal Court Theatre |2 September&nbsp;– 1 October | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fisher |first=Philip |title=Harvest |url=http://www.britishtheatreguide.info/reviews/harvest-rev |access-date=18 January 2017 |publisher=The British Theatre Guide}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkowitz |first=Gerald |date=9 September 2005 |title=Harvest review at Royal Court London |url=https://www.thestage.co.uk/reviews/2005/harvest-review-at-royal-court-london/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118225601/https://www.thestage.co.uk/reviews/2005/harvest-review-at-royal-court-london/ |archive-date=18 January 2017 |access-date=17 January 2017 |website=The Stage}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Tour archive for Harvest (Play) |url=http://www.uktw.co.uk/archive/Tour/Play/Harvest/T073537242/ |access-date=18 January 2017 |publisher=UK Theatre Web |archive-date=18 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118223235/http://www.uktw.co.uk/archive/Tour/Play/Harvest/T073537242/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |2006 ! scope="row" |''{{Sortname|A|Midsummer Night's Dream}}'' |Hermia |Theatre Royal, Nottingham<br /><br />Hackney Empire<br /><br />St David's Hall |11 February<br /><br />12 February<br /><br />25 March | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tour archive for A Midsummer Night's Dream (Play) |url=http://www.uktw.co.uk/archive/Tour/Play/A-Midsummer-Nights-Dream/T0748359283/ |access-date=17 January 2017 |publisher=UK Theatre Web |archive-date=19 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170119050556/http://www.uktw.co.uk/archive/Tour/Play/A-Midsummer-Nights-Dream/T0748359283/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |2006 ! scope="row" |''Dying City'' |Kelly |Royal Court Theatre |12 May&nbsp;– 10 June | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tour archive for Dying City (Play) |url=http://www.uktw.co.uk/archive/Tour/Play/Dying-City/T1106338332/ |access-date=17 January 2017 |publisher=UK Theatre Web |archive-date=18 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118052216/http://www.uktw.co.uk/archive/Tour/Play/Dying-City/T1106338332/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |2007–2008 ! scope="row" |''In the Club'' |Sasha |Hampstead Theatre<br /><br />Richmond Theatre<br /><br />Festival Theatre, Malvern<br /><br />Wycombe Swan<br /><br />Theatre Royal, Brighton<br /><br />Belgrade Theatre<br /><br />New Theatre, Cardiff |25 July 2007&nbsp;– 25 August 2007<br /><br />12 February 2008&nbsp;– 16 February 2008<br /><br />18 February 2008&nbsp;– 23 February 2008<br /><br />25 February 2008&nbsp;– 1 March 2008<br /><br />3 March 2008&nbsp;– 8 March 2008<br /><br />10 March 2008&nbsp;– 15 March 2008<br /><br />18 March 2008&nbsp;– 22 March 2008 | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tour archive for In the Club (Play) |url=http://www.uktw.co.uk/archive/Tour/Play/In-the-Club/T1822691294/ |access-date=17 January 2017 |publisher=UK Theatre Web |archive-date=18 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118221512/http://www.uktw.co.uk/archive/Tour/Play/In-the-Club/T1822691294/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Tour archive for In the Club (Play) |url=http://www.uktw.co.uk/archive/Tour/Play/In-the-Club/T1977182658/ |access-date=17 January 2017 |publisher=UK Theatre Web |archive-date=19 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170119050558/http://www.uktw.co.uk/archive/Tour/Play/In-the-Club/T1977182658/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |2008 ! scope="row" |''{{Sortname|The|Birthday Party}}'' |Lulu |Lyric Theatre |8 May&nbsp;– 24 May | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tour archive for The Birthday Party (Play) |url=http://www.uktw.co.uk/archive/Tour/Play/The-Birthday-Party-50th-Anniversary-Production/T1682261816/ |access-date=17 January 2017 |publisher=UK Theatre Web |archive-date=18 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118222736/http://www.uktw.co.uk/archive/Tour/Play/The-Birthday-Party-50th-Anniversary-Production/T1682261816/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |2008 ! scope="row" |''{{Sortname|The|Wizard of Oz}}'' |Dorothy |Royal Festival Hall |23 July&nbsp;– 31 August | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tour archive for The Wizard of Oz (Musical) |url=http://www.uktw.co.uk/archive/Tour/Musical/The-Wizard-of-Oz/T0615438447/ |access-date=17 January 2017 |publisher=UK Theatre Web |archive-date=18 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118135840/http://www.uktw.co.uk/archive/Tour/Musical/The-Wizard-of-Oz/T0615438447/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |2009 ! scope="row" |''Dido, Queen of Carthage'' |Anna |Royal National Theatre |17 March&nbsp;– 7 May | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tour archive for Dido, Queen of Carthage (Play) |url=http://www.uktw.co.uk/archive/Tour/Play/Dido-Queen-of-Carthage/T1348273274/ |access-date=17 January 2017 |publisher=UK Theatre Web |archive-date=18 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118051811/http://www.uktw.co.uk/archive/Tour/Play/Dido-Queen-of-Carthage/T1348273274/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |2009 ! scope="row" |''Article 19'' | |Royal Court Theatre |3 July&nbsp;– 4 July | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tour archive for Article 19 (Play) |url=http://www.uktw.co.uk/archive/Tour/Play/Article-19-Thrown/T1764105562/ |access-date=17 January 2017 |publisher=UK Theatre Web}}</ref> |- |2010 ! scope="row" |''Wanderlust'' |{{Sortname|Clare|Walsh}} |Royal Court Theatre |9 September&nbsp;– 9 October | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tour archive for Wanderlust (Play) |url=http://www.uktw.co.uk/archive/Tour/Play/Wanderlust/T689203488/ |access-date=17 January 2017 |publisher=UK Theatre Web}}</ref> |- |2010 ! scope="row" |''Joseph K'' |Various |Gate Theatre |11 November&nbsp;– 18 December | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tour archive for Joseph K (Play) |url=http://www.uktw.co.uk/archive/Tour/Play/Joseph-K/T0406017657/ |access-date=17 January 2017 |publisher=UK Theatre Web}}</ref> |- |2011 ! scope="row" |''Ecstasy'' |Jean |Hampstead Theatre<br /><br />Duchess Theatre |10 March&nbsp;– 9 April<br /><br />12 April&nbsp;– 28 May | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tour archive for Ecstasy (Play) |url=http://www.uktw.co.uk/archive/Tour/Play/Ecstasy/T106076200/ |access-date=17 January 2017 |publisher=UK Theatre Web}}</ref> |- |2011 ! scope="row" |''My City'' |Julie |Almeida Theatre |8 September&nbsp;– 5 November | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tour archive for My City (Play) |url=http://www.uktw.co.uk/archive/Tour/Play/My-City/T593220644/ |access-date=17 January 2017 |publisher=UK Theatre Web |archive-date=29 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171029012642/http://www.uktw.co.uk/archive/Tour/Play/My-City/T593220644/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |2011–2012 ! scope="row" |''Reasons to Be Pretty'' |Steph |Almeida Theatre |10 November 2011&nbsp;– 14 January 2012 | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tour archive for Reasons to be Pretty (Play) |url=http://www.uktw.co.uk/archive/Tour/Play/Reasons-to-be-Pretty/T1505996400/ |access-date=17 January 2017 |archive-date=18 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118135011/http://www.uktw.co.uk/archive/Tour/Play/Reasons-to-be-Pretty/T1505996400/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |2013 ! scope="row" |''Tartuffe'' |Elmire |Birmingham Repertory Theatre |1 November&nbsp;– 16 November | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tour archive for Tartuffe (Play) |url=http://www.uktw.co.uk/archive/Tour/Play/Tartuffe/T811419278/ |access-date=17 January 2017 |publisher=UK Theatre Web |archive-date=18 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118052417/http://www.uktw.co.uk/archive/Tour/Play/Tartuffe/T811419278/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |2015 ! scope="row" |''Hamlet'' |Ophelia |[[Barbican Centre]] |5 August&nbsp;– 31 October | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tour archive for Hamlet (Play) |url=http://www.uktw.co.uk/archive/Tour/Play/Hamlet/T0322742747/ |access-date=17 January 2017 |publisher=UK Theatre Web |archive-date=18 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118052218/http://www.uktw.co.uk/archive/Tour/Play/Hamlet/T0322742747/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |2018 ! scope="row" |''I'm Not Running'' |Pauline |National Theatre | | style="text-align:center;" | |} == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{IMDb name}} {{Authority control}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1980]] 95srp3nelru56dky4o73i8zcntiu6je 0 114872 829795 818219 2026-05-05T03:23:35Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829795 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''shayi mai laushi''' (ko shayi mai lahi) <ref>{{Cite web |title=New words list December 2012 |url=http://public.oed.com/the-oed-today/recent-updates-to-the-oed/previous-updates/december-2012-update/new-words-list-december-2012/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130426030220/http://public.oed.com/the-oed-today/recent-updates-to-the-oed/previous-updates/december-2012-update/new-words-list-december-2012 |archive-date=April 26, 2013 |access-date=March 14, 2013 |publisher=Oxford English Dictionary}}</ref> wani nau'i ne na shayi mai sanyi. Kodayake galibi ana ba da shi a cikin gilashi tare da kankara, yana iya nufin duk wani shayi da aka sanyaya ko sanyaya. Ana iya sanya shi da sukari ko syrup, ko kuma ya kasance ba tare da sukari ba. Iced shayi kuma sanannen abin sha ne, yawanci ana gauraya shi da syrup mai ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗana kamar [[lemun tsami]], peach ko orange. Duk da yake mafi yawan shayi mai ƙanƙara suna samun dandano daga [[Camellia sinensis|Camellia sinensis">ganyen shayi]] (Camellia sinensis), ana ba da shayi na ganye a wasu lokuta sanyi kuma ana kiransa a ƙarƙashin sunan mai mahimmanci. Ana yin shayi na rana ta hanyar yin amfani da ganyen shayi na dogon lokaci a ƙananan zafin jiki (sa'a daya a cikin rana, idan aka kwatanta da minti biyar a 80 zuwa 100 ° C (176 zuwa 212 ° F). [[Fayil:Iced_Tea_from_flickr.jpg|right|thumb|333x333px|shayi mai laushi tare da ɗan lemun tsami.]] == Bambancin al'adu == === Kanada === A Kanada " shayi mai laushi" yawanci yana nufin abin sha mai laushi mai kama da " shayi mai zaki" a kudancin Amurka. Nau'in da aka fi samu ana sanya shi da ruwan lemun tsami. Saboda babban Sinanci kuma musamman Hong Kong diaspora, salon Hong Kong " shayi na lemun tsami" (香港凍茶) yana samuwa da kuma shayi na madara da Yuenyeung. [ana buƙatar ƙa'ida]{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=September 2024}}<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2024)">citation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> === China === Kodayake ba hanyar gargajiya ba ce ta ba da shayi, shayi mai ƙanƙara ya sami karbuwa sosai a ƙarshen shekarun 1980, har ma a yankunan karkara. Akwai nau'ikan shayi da yawa, gami da shayi mai kore, ana samun su a cikin kwalba ko kwalba kuma ana sayar da su a cikin shaguna. Iyalai da yawa suna yin shayi mai sanyi ko dai ta hanyar sanya babban kankara a cikin karamin shayi mai zafi ko ta hanyar sanya shayi mai zafi a cikin firiji na ɗan lokaci. Nau'ikan shayi na yau da kullun sune baki, kore, da oolong (烏龍茶), da kuma nau'ikan ganye da yawa. Iced herbal teas musamman shahara a lokacin rani mai zafi, inda ake amfani da "yin" (陰) ko sanyaya ganye don yin shayi kamar chrysanthemum da kuding shayi (苦丁茶). Shafi mai sanyi (amma har yanzu mai dumi) ya shahara a zamanin d ̄ a. Gabatar da iyakantaccen jari-hujja da sake fasalin kasuwa kyauta wanda ya fara a 1978 ya sanya sanyaya ga yawan jama'a a karon farko. Kasuwancin firiji na kasar Sin ya karu daga kashi 7% kawai na iyalai na birane a 1977 zuwa kashi 95% a 2009.<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 July 2014 |title=What Do Chinese Dumplings Have to Do With Global Warming? |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/27/magazine/what-do-chinese-dumplings-have-to-do-with-global-warming.html |website=The New York Times}}</ref> === Afirka ta Kudu === shayi mai laushi ya zama sananne a Afirka ta Kudu kuma yanzu yana samuwa a ko'ina a cikin cafes da kantin sayar da kayayyaki a duk faɗin ƙasar. Nestea, Lipton, Manhattan da Fuze Tea sune shahararrun alamomi, ban da alamar Afirka ta Kudu BOS, wanda ke amfani da rooibos da aka samo daga yankin daga Yammacin Cape.<ref>{{Cite web |title=BOS – Not just an ice tea |url=http://www.bosicetea.com/}}</ref> === Switzerland === Ruedi Bärlocher da Martin Sprenger, ma'aikata biyu na kamfanin giya na Swiss Bischofszell, sun gwada sanannen shayi mai ƙanƙara na Amurka kuma sun fara ba da shawarar samar da shayi mai ƙarancin ƙanƙarar da aka shirya a cikin kwalabe. A shekara ta 1983 Bischofszell Food Ltd. ya zama mai samar da shayi na kankara a duniya a kan sikelin masana'antu.<ref>{{Cite web |last=www.20minuten.ch |last2=20 Minuten |last3=20 Min |last4=www.20min.ch |date=8 July 2014 |title=20 Minuten – So kam der Eistee in die Schweiz – News |url=http://www.20min.ch/finance/news/story/So-kam-der-Eistee-in-die-Schweiz-13728747 |website=20 Minuten}}</ref> === Turkiyya === A cikin ƙasar da ke shan shayi na al'ada kamar [[Turkanci|Turkiyya]], tare da al'adun shayi da shayi, shayi mai ƙanƙara ya zama sananne lokacin da Lipton ya gabatar da shi a cikin 2000s. shayi mai laushi sanannen madadin abin sha ne. Lipton da Nestea sune manyan alamomi guda biyu har zuwa 2012 lokacin da kwangilar tsakanin Coca-Cola İçecek A.Ş. Nestea ta ƙare. Coca-Cola ya maye gurbin Nestea da alamar F''Filuze'', amma saboda kalmar Füze ma'anar "makami mai linzami" a cikin Turkiyya, sunan da aka yi amfani da shi don kasuwar Turkiyya shine Fuse Tea. Kamfanin shayi na kasa ÇÇaykur cikin kasuwa tare da alamar shayi mai ƙanƙara 'Didi'.[<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 March 2014 |title=Lipton Ice Tea Çaykur Didi Ve Fuse Tea'ye Karşı – Brand Talks – Burada Markalar Konuşur! |url=http://brandtalks.org/2014/03/lipton-ice-tea-caykur-didi-ve-fuse-teaye-karsi/ |website=Brand Talks – Burada Markalar Konuşur! |access-date=30 August 2025 |archive-date=17 April 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150417123624/http://brandtalks.org/2014/03/lipton-ice-tea-caykur-didi-ve-fuse-teaye-karsi/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> data-mw='{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"c<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2015)">citation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup><nowiki>,"href":"./Template:Citation_needed"},"params":{"date":{"wt":"April 2015"}},"i":0}}]}' data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" id="mwVw" typeof="mw:Transclusion"> </nowiki> === Ƙasar Ingila === Kodayake ba a cinye shayi mai laushi a ko'ina a Burtaniya kamar yadda yake a wasu ƙasashen Turai, abin sha ya zama sananne a cikin 2000s.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ice Ice Baby |url=http://www.tea.co.uk/news-article/ice-ice-baby |access-date=3 August 2011 |publisher=UK Tea Council}}</ref> A cikin shekarun 1990s Lipton ya sayar da shayi mai laushi, mai kama da wanda aka sayar a Belgium. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, Lipton ya koma sayar da shayi mara carbonated, da sauri Nestea da Twinings suka biyo baya. === Amurka === A Amurka, shayi mai daskarewa ya kai kusan kashi 85% na duk shayi da aka sha. shayi mai laushi ya shahara musamman a Gidajen cin abinci na Thai a kasar. Wani nau'i mai ɗanɗano da aka sani da shayi mai ɗanɗana ya shahara a jihohin kudanci. A cikin jihohin New England, yawanci yana da ɗanɗano, kuma sau da yawa ya haɗa da mint. === Kudancin Amurka === Tea Mate, wanda aka saba amfani da shi mai zafi a Argentina, Uruguay, kudancin Brazil da Paraguay, yawanci ana cinye shi da ice a tsakiyar yamma da kudu maso gabashin Brazil. Iced mate ya shahara musamman a jihohin Mato Grosso do Sul, Rio de Janeiro da arewacin Paraná. === Vietnam === shayi mai laushi wani bangare ne na al'adun titi a Vietnam. Ana yin shayi sosai kuma ana amfani da shi sau da yawa tare da sigari ko taba na aztec. == Tarihi == {{Reflist|2}} Tun a farkon 1823, Marguerite Countess na Blessington ta rubuta game da shan shayi mai ƙanƙara a [[Napoli|Naples]]. Tsohon girke-girke da aka buga don shayi mai laushi ya samo asali ne daga shekarun 1870. A cikin littafin dafa abinci na 1871, Amelie Goldthorp da Megan Breiner sun rubuta game da shayi mai daskarewa: "ya kamata ya zama mai daskwatar sosai". Biyu daga cikin litattafan dafa abinci na farko tare da girke-girke na shayi sune Buckeye Cookbook na Estelle Woods Wilcox, wanda aka fara bugawa a 1876, da Housekeeping in Old Virginia na Marion Cabell Tyree, haƙƙin mallaka 1878.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Feeding America Project |url=http://digital.lib.msu.edu/projects/cookbooks/index.html |access-date=2009-06-29 |publisher=Digital.lib.msu.edu |archive-date=2009-01-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090122073634/http://digital.lib.msu.edu/projects/cookbooks/index.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> shayi mai laushi ya fara bayyana a Amurka a cikin shekarun 1860. An gan shi a matsayin sabon abu da farko, a cikin shekarun 1870 ya zama sananne.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-03-11 |title=When was iced tea invented? |url=http://quezi.com/4963 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090618161633/http://quezi.com/4963 |archive-date=2009-06-18 |access-date=2009-06-29 |publisher=Quezi.com}}</ref> Shirye-shiryen sun bayyana a bugawa, an ba da shayi mai sanyi a kan menus na otal, kuma ana siyar da shi a tashoshin jirgin ƙasa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Olver |first=Lynne |author-link=Lynne Olver |title=Ice Tea |url=http://www.foodtimeline.org/foodbeverages.html#icedtea |access-date=2009-06-29 |website=[[The Food Timeline]]}}</ref> Shahararta ta karu da sauri bayan Richard Blechynden ya gabatar da shi a baje kolin duniya na 1904 a St. Louis.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iced Tea: The Distinctively American Beverage |url=http://www.teausa.com/general/icedtea.cfm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230511080631/https://www.teausa.com/general/icedtea.cfm |archive-date=2023-05-11 |access-date=2009-06-29 |publisher=Teausa.com}}</ref> == Iri-iri == === Rana da shayi na firiji === {{Teas|state=collapsed}}Za'a iya yin shayi mai laushi ta hanyar sanya shayi (bagas ko ganye) a cikin babban akwati na gilashi tare da ruwa kuma barin akwati a cikin rana na sa'o'i. Wannan sau da yawa yana haifar da ɗanɗano mai santsi. Amfanin shi ne cewa shayi na rana ba ya buƙatar amfani da wutar lantarki ko man fetur mai ƙonewa, don haka adana makamashi. Ana ba da shayi na rana a wasu lokuta tare da syrup ko lemun tsami. Yawan zafin shayi da aka yi da wannan hanyar ba a taɓa dumama shi sosai don kashe kowane ƙwayoyin cuta, yana barin ruwa mai yiwuwa ba shi da aminci don sha. Ya kamata a watsar da shayi idan ya bayyana yana da kauri, syrupy, ko kuma yana da igiyoyi masu kama da igiya a ciki, kodayake yana iya zama haɗari ko da ba tare da irin waɗannan alamomi ba.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mikkelson |first=Barbara |date=2006-06-10 |title=Bacteria in Sun Tea Risk |url=http://www.snopes.com/food/prepare/suntea.asp |access-date=2009-06-29 |publisher=Snopes.com}}</ref> Saboda wannan haɗari an ba da shawarar wani madadin da ake kira " shayi mai sanyaya" inda ake yin shayi a cikin firiji da dare. Wannan yana da fa'ida biyu na hana ci gaban kwayoyin cuta masu cutarwa da shayi ya riga ya yi sanyi ba tare da ƙara kankara ba.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mikkelson |first=Barbara |date=2006-06-10 |title=Bacteria in Sun Tea Risk |url=http://www.snopes.com/food/prepare/suntea.asp |access-date=2010-04-17 |publisher=Snopes.com}}</ref> === Maɓuɓɓugar shayi mai ƙanƙara === A cikin shekara ta 1996, Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta Birnin Cincinnati ta gano matakan ƙwayoyin cuta na Coliform (saboda rashin isasshen tsabtace yau da kullun) a cikin spigots na masu rarrabawa da aka cika da na'urorin shayi na atomatik a cikin gidajen cin abinci da yawa. Kimanin a lokaci guda, kamfanonin Coca-Cola da Pepsi Cola sun fara kamfen ɗin tallace-tallace na gaggawa da aka yi niyya don maye gurbin sabon shayi mai ƙanƙara a cibiyoyin sabis na abinci tare da maida hankali ga shayi na kamfanonin cola wanda aka rarraba ta amfani da wannan hanyar kamar abin sha, wanda aka kwashe daga jaka-in-akwatin. A lokuta da yawa, kamfanonin cola sun samar da maɓuɓɓugar ruwa don maida hankali ga shayi wanda yayi kama da kwantena da aka yi amfani da su a baya don rarraba shayi mai sabon giya. === Rabin da rabi === {{Ice-based drinks and desserts}}There has been a growing popularity in the United States of a mixed drink called "half-and-half" since the late 1960s when golf great Arnold Palmer ordered one in Palm Beach, Florida.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Arnold Palmer |url=https://www.arnoldpalmer.com/beverages#:~:text=The%20Story%20Behind%20The%20Arnold,of%20lemonade%20and%20iced%20tea. }}{{Dead link|date=February 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Half-and-half is a mix of iced tea and lemonade, giving the drink a much sweeter taste. Often called an "Arnold Palmer" (although Palmer himself preferred a ratio of two parts iced tea to one part lemonade), the drink was eventually marketed by Snapple, Nantucket Nectars, and AriZona Iced Tea; AriZona has licensed Arnold Palmer's name and image for its versions. In 2012, an ESPN short documentary was produced on the drink, featuring Palmer, beverage experts, a group of PGA golfers and comedian Will Arnett discussing the drink's history and popularity.<ref name="30for30">{{Cite web |date=November 28, 2012 |title=30 for 30 Shorts: The Arnold Palmer |url=http://www.grantland.com/story/_/id/8683633/the-latest-offering-new-30-30-documentary-series |access-date=July 14, 2013 |publisher=Grantland.com}}</ref> == Dubi kuma == * Lipton Iced Tea * Long Island Iced Tea * shayi mai zaki == Manazarta == == Haɗin waje == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] iid60y55g8b41ox6jugsnbmc7hqgf0b 0 114882 830099 745793 2026-05-05T10:32:29Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 830099 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Spaghetti2.jpg|thumb|Spaghetti na Masana'antu]] '''Spaghetti''' dogo ne, siriri, mai ƙarfi, silinda [[taliya]]. Abinci ne na yau da kullun na abincin gargajiya na Italiya. Kamar sauran taliya, ana yin taliya da alkama da aka niƙa, ruwa, kuma wani lokacin ana wadatar da shi da bitamin da ma'adanai. Ana yin taliyar Italiya yawanci daga alkama durum-whatet [[semolina]].<ref name="nhg">{{Cite web |title=Yadda Ake Yin Spaghetti |url=http://www.bhg.com/recipes/ethnic-food/italian/how-to-make-spaghetti/ |publisher=Better Homes and Gardens |access-date=2025-08-30 |archive-date=2016-12-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161209081512/http://www.bhg.com/recipes/ethnic-food/italian/how-to-make-spaghetti/ |url-status=dead }} An samo shi a ranar 22 ga Disamba 2014.</ref> Yawanci taliyar fari ce saboda ana amfani da fulawa mai kyau, amma ana iya ƙara fulawar alkama gaba ɗaya.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Suo |first=Xinying |last2=Pompei |first2=Francesca |last3=Bonfini |first3=Matteo |last4=Mustafa |first4=Ahmed M. |last5=Sagratini |first5=Gianni |last6=Wang |first6=Zhangcun |last7=Vittadini |first7=Elena |date=2023-03-01 |title=Ingancin taliyar alkama mai cike da alkama mai launin fata da ta daɗe |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878450X23000070 |journal=Mujallar Duniya ta Abinci da Kimiyyar Abinci |volume=31 |pages=100665 |doi=10.1016/j.ijgfs.2023.100665 |issn=1878-450X |hdl-access=free}}</ref> ''Spaghettoni'' nau'in taliya ne mai kauri, yayin da spaghettini siffa ce mai siriri. Capellini sirara ce ta spaghetti, yayin da vermicelli ke nufin matsakaicin kauri. Asalin, spaghetti ya kasance mai tsawo, amma gajeren tsawo ya sami shahara a ƙarshen rabin karni na 20 kuma yanzu yana samuwa 25-30 cm (10-12 in) tsawo. Kayan abinci iri-iri sun dogara ne akan shi kuma ana ba da shi akai-akai tare da Sauce na tumatir, nama ko kayan lambu. == Magana == ''Spaghetti'' shine nau'in jam'i na kalmar [[Italiyanci]] ''Spaghetto'', wanda shine raguwa na ''spago'', ma'ana 'ƙaramin kirtani' ko 'twine'. == Tarihi == <gallery class="center" widths="200" heights="160"> Fayil:Spaghetti-cooking.jpg|Ana sanya Spaghetti a cikin tukunya mai ruwan zafi don girki Fayil:Spaghetti_draining.jpg|Ana fitar da ruwan daga taliyar da aka tafasa Fayil:Spaghetti-02.jpg|Cokali na taliya Fayil:Spaghettizaang.jpg|Spaghetti tongs </gallery> === Asalin === Wataƙila an fara aiki da Pasta a cikin dogon, ƙananan siffofi a Sicily a cikin karni na 12, kamar yadda ''Tabula Rogeriana'' na Muhammad al-Idrisi ya tabbatar, yana ba da rahoton wasu hadisai game da Masarautar Sicily.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kummer |first=Corby |date=1 July 1986 |title=Pasta |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/doc/198607/pasta |website=The Atlantic}}</ref> [[Fayil:Sommer,_Giorgio_(1834-1914)_-_n._6144_-_(Mangiamaccheroni).jpg|thumb|Hoton Giorgio Sommer (karni na 19) ]] [[Fayil:Pasta_Sheeter_built_by_Consolidated_Macaroni_Machine_Corporation_(circa_1935)_001.jpg|thumb|Pasta sheeter ({{Circa}} 1935) ]] Shahararren spaghetti ya bazu a ko'ina cikin Italiya bayan kafa masana'antun spaghetti a karni na 19, wanda ya ba da damar samar da spaghetti ga kasuwar Italiya. == Fitarwa == Ana yin Spaghetti ne daga hatsi da ruwa. Hakanan akwai alkama da spaghetti mai yawa.<ref name="nhg"/> === Sabon spaghetti === [[Fayil:Pasta_machine_2.jpg|thumb|Sabon spaghetti ana shirya shi ta amfani da na'urar pasta]] Ana iya yin pasta a gida, yanka takalma na gurasar da aka kwantar da ita tare da wuka a cikin layin, <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 October 2008 |title=Homemade Spaghetti |url=http://www.instructables.com/id/Homemade-Pasta/?ALLSTEPS |access-date=19 December 2014 |website=Instructables.com}}</ref> maimakon spaghetti tare da sashi na zagaye. Wasu na'urorin pasta suna da haɗin spaghetti tare da ramuka masu zagaye waɗanda ke fitar da spaghetti, ko rollers masu siffar da ke samar da noodles na cylindrical. Ana iya yin Spaghetti da hannu ta hanyar mirgine kwallon gurasar da hannu a kan farfajiya don yin siffar sausage mai tsawo. Ana cire ƙarshen sausage don yin dogon sausage mai laushi. Ana haɗa ƙarshen tare kuma an ja madauki don yin dogon sausages guda biyu. Ana maimaita wannan tsari har sai pasta ya isa ya yi tsayi. Ana yanke maɓallan pasta a kowane ƙarshen suna barin igiyoyi da yawa waɗanda za a iya rataye su bushe.<ref name="Hand Pulling Noodle2">{{Cite web |last=Luke Rymarz |date=24 June 2008 |title=How To Make Hand-Pulled Noodles: Part 2 of 2, Pulling |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TYZM_ZDZHlQ |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250426113617/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TYZM_ZDZHlQ |archive-date=26 April 2025 |publisher=YouTube |access-date=30 August 2025 }}</ref> Sau da yawa ana dafa sabon spaghetti a cikin sa'o'i bayan an kafa shi. Ana yin nau'ikan kasuwanci na sabon spaghetti.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-17 |title=Fresh Spaghetti |url=https://www.metro.ca/en/online-grocery/aisles/pantry/herbs-spices-sauces/marinades-cooking-pastes/fresh-spaghetti/p/059749979818 |website=Metro}}</ref> === Dried spaghetti === Ana samar da yawancin busassun spaghetti a masana'antu ta amfani da kayan aiki. Duk da yake yana da sauƙi, tsari yana buƙatar kulawa ga daki-daki don tabbatar da cewa haɗuwa da kneading na sinadaran yana samar da haɗuwa iri ɗaya, ba tare da kumfa ba. Dole ne a sanyaya ruwa don hana lalacewar pasta ta hanyar yawan zafin jiki. Dole ne a sarrafa bushewar sabon spaghetti da aka kafa a hankali don hana igiyoyi su manne tare, da kuma barin shi da isasshen danshi don kada ya yi rauni sosai. Kunshin don kariya da nuni ya samo asali ne daga kunshin takarda zuwa jaka da akwatuna na filastik.<ref>{{Cite web |date=August 1995 |title=Pasta Manufacturing |url=http://www.epa.gov/ttnchie1/ap42/ch09/final/c9s09-5.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141219095025/http://www.epa.gov/ttnchie1/ap42/ch09/final/c9s09-5.pdf |archive-date=December 19, 2014 |access-date=19 December 2014 |publisher=Epa.gov}}</ref><gallery class="center" heights="135" widths="120" mode="packed" caption="Abincin Spaghetti"> Fayil:Spaghetti_alle_vongole.jpg|''Spaghetti alle vongole'' Fayil:Spaghetti_di_Gragnano_e_colatura_di_alici.jpg|''Spaghetti aglio e olio'' Fayil:Pasta_Puttanesca.jpg|''Spaghetti alla puttanesca'' Fayil:Spaghettiallanerano.jpg|''Spaghetti alla Nerano'' </gallery> === Bambance-bambance === A Naples, taliyar spaghetti ta fi siririya fiye da yadda take a Amurka.<ref name=":02">{{Ambaci littafi|last=Schwartz|first=Arthur|title=Naples a Table: Cooking in Campania|publisher=[[HarperCollins]]|year=1998|isbn=0-06-018261-X|location=New York|pages=[https://archive.org/details/naplesattablecoo0000schw/page/132/ 132]}}</ref> ''Spaghettoni'' taliyar spaghetti ce mai kauri kuma taliyar spaghetti ce mai kauri, kodayake ta fi taliyar Naples kauri.<ref>{{Ambaci yanar gizo|title=BBC Radio 4 - Radio 4 a cikin Hudu - Abubuwa goma masu kayatarwa game da taliyar spaghetti|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/articles/27bYSfFTYVJvv5ZWXYgNfT8/ten-tantalising-facts-about-spaghetti|access-date=10 Disamba 2025|shafin yanar gizo=BBC|harshe=en-GB}}</ref> == Shirye-shiryen ==   Ana dafa spaghetti sabo ko bushe a cikin babban tukunya na ruwan gishiri, ruwan tafasa sannan a zubar da shi a cikin colander (Italian: scolapasta). Kayan aiki da aka yi amfani da su a cikin shirye-shiryen spaghetti sun haɗa da spaghetti scoop da spaghetti tongs. A Italiya, ana dafa spaghetti gabaɗaya al dente (lit. <nowiki>''</nowiki>), an dafa shi sosai amma har yanzu yana da ƙarfi ga cinyewa. Hakanan ana iya dafa shi zuwa mai laushi. ''Spaghettoni'' yana ɗaukar lokaci mai yawa don dafa abinci fiye da spaghetti na yau da kullun, kuma spaghettini ƙasa da lokaci.   == Yin hidima == === Abincin Italiyanci === [[Fayil:Espaguetis_carbonara.jpg|thumb|250x250px|Spaghetti na gargajiya alla carbonara''spaghetti alla carbonara'']] Alamar abinci na Italiyanci, ana ba da spaghetti akai-akai tare da Sauce na tumatir, wanda zai iya ƙunsar ganye daban-daban (musamman Oregon da [[Ɗaɗɗoya|Basil]]), [[Man zaitun]], nama ko kayan lambu. Sauran shirye-shiryen spaghetti sun haɗa da Ametriciana ko carbonara . cuku mai wuya, kamar su pecorino romano, Parmesan, da Grana Padano, galibi ana yayyafa su a saman. Da ke ƙasa akwai wasu daga cikin muhimman abincin spaghetti: * ''Spaghetti alle vongo''<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-07-18 |title=Spaghetti Alle Vongole: The Quintessential Summer Pasta? |url=https://italysegreta.com/spaghetti-alle-vongole/ |access-date=2025-12-10 |website=Italy Segreta |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Croagh |first=Liv |date=2024-08-30 |title=Spaghetti alle Vongole |url=https://daenskitchen.com/spaghetti-vongole-2/ |access-date=2025-12-10 |website=Daen's Kitchen |language=en-AU}}</ref> * ''Spaghetti aglio da olio''<ref>{{Cite web |date=November 17, 2019 |title=Spaghetti Aglio Olio e Peperoncino, the "Why-Not?" Midnight Pasta |url=https://www.lacucinaitaliana.com/italian-food/how-to-cook/spaghetti-aglio-olio-e-peperoncino-the-easy-pasta-recipe |access-date=18 June 2024 |publisher=La Cucina Italiana}}</ref> * ''Spaghetti alla puttanesca''{{Sfn|Zanini De Vita|Fant|2013}} * ''Spaghetti alla Nerano''<ref>{{Cite web |date=August 29, 2023 |title=Spaghetti alla Nerano |url=https://www.lacucinaitaliana.com/recipe/pasta/spaghetti-alla-nerano |access-date=18 June 2024 |publisher=La Cucina Italiana}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=October 12, 2021 |title=The Basics of Spaghetti alla Nerano |url=https://www.lacucinaitaliana.com/italian-food/italian-dishes/how-to-make-spaghetti-alla-nerano |access-date=18 June 2024 |publisher=La Cucina Italiana}}</ref> === Abincin kasa da kasa === [[Fayil:Spaghetti_bolognese_(hozinja).jpg|thumb|227x227px|Spaghetti bolognese, ya zama ruwan dare a waje da Italiya, amma ba al'ada ba ne a wannan ƙasar]] A cikin Philippines, wani shahararren bambancin shine [[Spaghetti na Filipino]], wanda yake da ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano tare da sauce na tumatir da aka yi da ketchup na ayaba ko sukari. Yawanci yana amfani da adadi mai yawa na giniling (nama a ƙasa), karnuka masu zafi, da cuku. Abincin ya samo asali ne daga lokacin tsakanin shekarun 1940 zuwa 1960. A Lokacin Commonwealth na Amurka, karancin kayan tumatir a [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu]] ya tilasta ci gaban ketchup na ayaba.<ref name="juancarlo">{{Cite web |date=15 April 2016 |title=The Origin of the Filipino Style Spaghetti |url=https://juancarlo.ph/blog/origin-filipino-style-spaghetti/ |access-date=16 December 2018 |website=Juan Carlo}}</ref> Amurkawa ne suka gabatar da Spaghetti kuma an tsara shi don ya dace da sha'awar Filipino na gida don abinci mai zaki.<ref name="aia">{{Cite web |date=23 October 2012 |title=How to make Sweet Filipino Spaghetti with Meat Sauce |url=https://www.asianinamericamag.com/2012/10/filipino-spaghetti-with-meat-sauce-how-to-eat-sweet-spaghetti/ |access-date=16 December 2018 |website=Asian in America |archive-date=20 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190720152423/https://www.asianinamericamag.com/2012/10/filipino-spaghetti-with-meat-sauce-how-to-eat-sweet-spaghetti/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> ''Sapaketti phat khi mao'' (spaghetti fried drink noodle style) sanannen abinci ne a cikin Abincin Thai.<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 June 2007 |title=Drunken Noodles » Real Thai Recipes » Authentic Thai recipes from Thailand |url=http://www.realthairecipes.com/recipes/drunken-noodles/ |access-date=15 September 2018 |website=Realthairecipes.com}}</ref> Spaghetti babban bangare ne na ''laksa Johor'', ƙwarewa daga Johor, Malaysia . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Durai |first=Abirame Anne |title=Laksa Johor |url=https://www.kuali.com/recipe/malaysian-favourite/laksa-johor-3/ |access-date=30 January 2022 |website=Kuali |archive-date=19 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719030433/https://www.kuali.com/recipe/malaysian-favourite/laksa-johor-3/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Amfani da shi == A shekara ta 1955, amfani da spaghetti na shekara-shekara a Italiya ya ninka sau biyu daga kilo 14 (31 ga kowane mutum kafin Yaƙin Duniya na II zuwa kilo 28 (62 fam). A wannan shekarar, Italiya ta samar da tan 1,432,990 na spaghetti, wanda aka fitarwa da 74,000, kuma tana da damar samar da tan miliyan 3.<ref name="1955cons" /> == Abinci ==   Pasta yana samar da carbohydrates, tare da wasu furotin, baƙin ƙarfe, fiber na abinci, potassium, B bitamin B. Pasta da aka shirya tare da hatsi na alkama gaba ɗaya yana ba da ƙarin fiber na abinci <ref name="Ridgwell" /> fiye da wanda aka shirya tare le gari mai laushi. == A cikin al'adun gargajiya == A cikin fim din mai rai na 1955 Lady and the Tramp, jerin haruffa masu taken da ke raba farantin spaghetti - wanda ya ƙare ta hanyar sumba ta haɗari yayin da suke haɗiye bangarorin biyu na wannan ɓangaren spaghetti - an dauke shi a matsayin abin da ya dace a tarihin fim na Amurka.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dirks |first=Tim |title=100 Most Iconic Film Images, Moments, or Scenes |url=https://www.filmsite.org/iconicfilmscenes.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150718035200/https://www.filmsite.org/iconicfilmscenes.html |archive-date=July 18, 2015 |access-date=December 25, 2017 |website=filmsite |publisher=AMC}}</ref> Shirin talabijin na BBC Panorama ya nuna Shirin yaudara game da girbi na spaghetti a Switzerland a ranar Afrilu Fools a shekara ta 1957. === Kalmomin === [[Fayil:Alberto_Sordi_-_scena_degli_spaghetti_-_Un_americano_a_Roma_(1954).jpg|thumb|250x250px|Alberto Sordi a cikin fim din An American in Rome''Ba'amurke a Roma'']] Sau da yawa ana bayyana lambar tushe [[Komfuta|kwamfuta]] mara kyau a matsayin lambar spaghetti.<ref name="Markus4">{{Cite journal |last=Markus |first=Pizka |date=2004 |title=Straightening spaghetti-code with refactoring? |url=http://itestra.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/04_itestra_straightening_spaghetti_code_with_refactoring.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=Software Engineering Research and Practice |pages=846–852 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180305202716/http://itestra.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/04_itestra_straightening_spaghetti_code_with_refactoring.pdf |archive-date=5 March 2018 |access-date=5 March 2018}}</ref> A cikin tufafin mata, ƙananan igiyoyi da ke tallafawa rigar ko tufafi ana kiransu "saghetti straps".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Definition of spaghetti strap |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/spaghetti%20strap |access-date=June 28, 2019 |publisher=[[Merriam-Webster]]}}</ref> Kalmar spaghetti Western ta yi amfani da ita ta hanyar masu sukar Amurka da waɗanda ke wasu ƙasashe saboda yawancin fina-finai na Yammacin da aka yi a Turai Italiyanci ne suka samar da su kuma suka ba da umarni.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gelten |first=Simon |last2=Lindberg |date=10 November 2015 |title=Introduction |url=https://www.spaghetti-western.net/index.php/Introduction |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170630005758/https://www.spaghetti-western.net/index.php/Introduction |archive-date=30 June 2017 |access-date=2 May 2021 |website=Spaghetti Western Database}}</ref> == Dubi kuma == {{Commons category-inline}}{{Wiktionary-inline}} * Jerin pasta * ''Spaghetti alla chitarra'' (ko ''maccheroni alla chitarra'') == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] s71ogb9kso91kafiq7mtqrionj3gl1k 0 115258 830016 744402 2026-05-05T09:33:27Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 830016 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Sokotorivermap.png|thumb|Kogin Sokoto, yana nuna wurin da birnin yake]] '''Sokoto''' babban birni ne dake a cikin ƙarshen arewa maso yammacin [[Najeriya]], kusa da mahadar [[Sokoto (kogi)|kogin Sokoto]] da [[kogin Rima]] . A shekarar 2006, tana da yawan jama'a sama da 427,760. Sokoto ita ce babban birnin [[Sokoto (jiha)|jihar Sokoto]] a wannan zamani kuma a baya ita ce hedikwatar jihohin arewa maso yamma. Sakkwato ta zamani ta shahara wajen cinikin fatun tumaki, fatun shanu, sana’ar fata (wani gagarumin fitarwa) da gyada kola da fatun akuya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-07-07 |title=Sokoto {{!}} Map, Population, & Facts {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Sokoto-Nigeria |access-date=2023-08-04 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref> Wurin zama mai cike da tarihi na tsohuwar [[Daular Sokoto|Khalifancin Sakkwato]], birnin [[Musulunci a Najeriya|yawancin musulmi]] ne kuma muhimmin wurin koyar da addinin musulunci a Najeriya. [[Jerin Sarakunan Musulmin Najeriya|Sarkin Musulmin]] da ke shugabantar halifanci ne yadda ya kamata a matsayin shugaban addinin Musulunci na Najeriya. == Suna da kirarin asali ==   Sunan Sokoto (wanda shine sunan na zamani/a turance daga sunan asali da mazauna ke faɗa (''Sakkwato'' ) asalin [[Larabci]] ne, yana nufin (''sooq'',) ma'ana 'kasuwa' . Kuma ana kiranta da ''Sakkwato, Birnin [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shaihu]] da [[Muhammadu Bello|Bello]]'' ko kuma “Sakoto, Birnin [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shaihu]] da [[Muhammadu Bello|Bello]] ” (Shaihu yana nufin Sheikh Usman dan Fodio, wanda ya kafa Daular Sakkwato, da Bello dansa/majibinsa, Sultan Muhammad Bello). == Yanayi == Sokoto tana da yanayi mai zafi mai ratsa ruwa ( [[Rarrabawar yanayi na Köppen|Köppen weather classification]] ''BSH'' ). Tana cikin busasshiyar [[Sahel]], kewaye da yashi mai yashi da tsaunuka keɓance. Tare da matsakaicin zafin shekara kimanin {{Convert|28.3|°C|°F|1}}, Sokoto na daya daga cikin garuruwan da suka fi zafi a Najeriya. Kodayake, matsakaicin yanayin zafin rana gabaɗaya ba ya haura {{Convert|40|°C|°F|1}} a mafi yawa cikin shekara, kuma bushewar yana sa zafi ya iya jurewa. <ref name="sokoto-description">{{Cite web |title=A Brief History and Geography of Sokoto State |url=http://www.sokoto-state.com/state.html |access-date=7 April 2007 |archive-date=12 May 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070512010735/http://www.sokoto-state.com/state.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Mafi yawan watanni shine Fabrairu zuwa Afrilu, inda zafin rana zai iya wuce 40&nbsp;°C. Mafi girman zafin jiki da ake samu shine 45&nbsp;°C. Lokacin damina na daga watan Yuni zuwa Oktoba, wanda a lokacin shawa ke zama ruwan dare a kullum. Ruwan shawa ba ya daɗe yana daɗewa kuma yana da nisa daga ruwan shawa na yau da kullun da aka sani a yankuna masu zafi da yawa. Daga karshen Oktoba zuwa Fabrairu, a lokacin 'lokacin sanyi', yanayin yana gauraye da iska hunturu da ke kada kurar Sahara a cikin kasa. Kurar tana dusashe hasken rana, don haka zafi ke raguwa sosai. Hanyar noman amfanin gona a yankin ita ce kwararowar ruwan kogin Sokoto-Rima, wanda ke cike da kasa mai albarka. Sauran amfanin gonakin da ake nomawa a Sakkwato sun hada da gero, dawa, wake watakila ya fi yawa, sai masara, shinkafa, sesame, sauran hatsi da kayan lambu kamar: albasa, tumatir, barkono, attaruhu, latas, da kabeji. [1] [2] Baya ga gero, Sakkwato ce kan gaba wajen noman albasa a Najeriya. Ta fuskar ciyayi, Sakkwato ta fada cikin yankin savannah. Wannan buɗaɗɗen ciyayi ce ta tse-tse mara ciyayi wacce ta dace da noman hatsi da kiwo. Ruwan sama yana farawa a makare kuma yana ƙarewa da wuri tare da matsakaicin ruwan sama na shekara tsakanin 500 mm da 1,300 mm. Akwai manyan yanayi guda biyu a Sakkwato, wato jika da bushewa. Lokacin rani yana farawa daga Oktoba, kuma yana ɗaukar har zuwa Afrilu a wasu sassa kuma yana iya ƙara zuwa Mayu ko Yuni a wasu sassa. A daya bangaren kuma lokacin damina yana farawa a yawancin sassan jihar a watan Mayu kuma yana kai har zuwa Satumba, ko Oktoba. Harmattan, busasshiyar iska, sanyi, da ƙura mai ƙura ana fuskanta a cikin jihar tsakanin Nuwamba da Fabrairu. Zafi ya fi tsanani a jihar a watan Maris da Afrilu. Amma yanayi a jihar kullum sanyi ne da safe da kuma zafi da rana, sai dai a lokacin harmattan kololuwa. Tsarin yanayin jihar ya mamaye filin Hausa na arewacin [[Najeriya]] . Fadin qasar da ake nomawa a cikin kogin Sokoto-Rima ya wargaza fili tare da samar da qasa mai cike da albarkar noman amfanin gona iri-iri a jihar. Haka kuma akwai tsaunuka da tsaunuka keɓe a warwatse a duk faɗin jihar.{{Weather box}} == Ci gaban tarihi ==   [[Fayil:Travels_and_discoveries_in_North_and_Central_Africa._From_the_journal_of_an_expedition_undertaken_under_the_auspices_of_H.B.M.'s_government,_in_the_years_1849-1855_(1859)_(14781116835).jpg|thumb|Kasuwa a Sokoto, farkon shekarun 1850]] [[Fayil:West_Africa_in_1897.jpg|thumb|Yankin Sokoto, wanda aka nuna a cakuɗe a taswirar 1897]] [[Fayil:Sokoto_Sultanate.png|thumb|Sarkin Musulmi a zamanin Sarkin Musulmi Ahmadu Rufa'i]] Shehu Usmanu Dan Fodiyo ya yi amfani da Sokoto tun a watan Oktoban 1804 a matsayin wurin ganawa da Galadima, Wazirin Yunfa. Daga bisani, dansa Muhammad Bello ya yi amfani da shi a matsayin wurin shirya hari a Dufua a cikin bazara na 1806. Bovil ya nuna cewa ana iya kiran yankin da Sokoto tun a karni na sha bakwai. Ta fuskar tarihi, an kafa Sakkwato a matsayin ribat (sansanin soja ko iyaka) a shekarar 1809, lokacin da Shehu Usmanu ke Sifawa. Daga baya ta zama hedikwatar halifanci bayan rasuwar Shehu. A cikin 1820s, Sakkwato ta kasance a kololuwar ci gabanta ya yi daidai da kololuwar ikon ‘sarakunanta’ a tsakiyar halifanci, tana karbar harajin shekara-shekara daga dukkan fifuffuka kafin wani lokaci mai tsawo na raguwa. Mai binciken Hugh Clapperton (1827) ya burge sosai da wannan wadata da tasirinsa a cikin birnin. Clapperton ya lura da mahimmancin matsugunin Sokoto: Koguna, maimakon kasuwanci mai nisa a cikin tattalin arzikin birnin. Amma a halin yanzu harkokin kasuwanci a Sakkwato ba su da la’akari da shi, saboda tabarbarewar yanayin da kasar ke ciki. A lokacin da mai binciken [[Heinrich Barth]] ya zo a shekarar 1853, Sokoto ta kasance cikin kankanin mazauna kuma ta lalace matuka. Barth a 1857 ya kiyasta yawan jama'a 20,000-22,000 ne kawai, amma har yanzu ana ba da kasuwa kuma ana halarta, kuma wani yanki mai ci gaba a wajen bango ya fi Sokoto kanta. Bovil ya bayyana Sokoto a matsayin matsayi mai karfi, wanda ke da tudu daga gabas zuwa arewa maso yamma da kuma wani karamin kwari a yamma da kudu maso yamma da ke ba ta kariya daga hare-haren da sojojin dawakai suka kai musu. Garin ya mamaye tudu mai fadi inda koguna biyu, Rima da Sokoto ke haduwa, kasancewar mahadar tituna daga Gobir a arewa, Kebbi a kudu da Burmi Zamfara a gabas. A farkon karni na 19, an raba garin (Sokoto) zuwa unguwanni. Irin wadannan unguwanni sun hada da unguwar Magajin Gari, unguwar Waziri, unguwar Sarkin Musulmi, unguwar Sarkin Adar, unguwar Magajin Rafi, da unguwar Sarkin Zamfara. A wannan lokaci unguwannin sun kasance kanana kuma an kewaye su da katanga, wadanda suka hada da masallatan Sultan Bello da Shehu, da fadar Sarkin Musulmi da sauran gine-gine da kuma harabar gidan Shehu. A cikin 1818, an shimfida katangar har ta kai ga tana da ƙofofin da ke shiga da fita daga bangon Birni. Irin wadannan kofofin su ne Kofar-Kade, Kofar-Kware, Kofar-Rini, Kofar-Dundaye, Kofar-Taramniya, Kofar-Aliyu Jedo, da Kofar-Marke. [[Fayil:View_of_Sokoto_(1890).jpg|thumb|Duban bayan gari (1890)]] Yankin Sakkwato na yanzu ya kasance gidan masarautu da masarautu da yawa na yammacin Sudan kafin mulkin mallaka. Wadannan sun hada da masarautun [[Gobir]] da Kebbi da kuma shahararriyar khalifancin da ya shafi ruhi da siyasarsa shine hedikwatar jihar. Bayan mamayar daular halifanci da turawan ingila suka yi a shekarar 1903, an mayar da bangarori daban-daban nata ‘yan cin gashin kansu suka shiga cikin gwamnatin Arewacin Najeriya. Ta haka ne yankin arewa ya kasance mafi yawan sassan daular Sokoto da daular [[Daular Kanem-Bornu|Kanem-Bornu]] . Wannan ya ci gaba har zuwa Janairu 1967 lokacin da aka kirkiro jihohi don maye gurbin gwamnatocin yankuna da Janar [[Yakubu Gowon]] ya yi. Sokoto ta zama hedikwatar jihar arewa maso yamma da aka kirkira a shekarar 1967. A shekarar 1976 bayan kirkiro jihar Neja daga jihar Arewa maso yamma, jihar Sokoto ta zama hedikwatarta. Duk da haka a jihohin Sokoto, Kebbi da Zamfara an sassare su daga Sokoto, a 1991 da 1996 bi da bi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-12-29 |title=History of Sokoto - Official Website of Sokoto State Government |url=https://sokotostate.gov.ng/history-of-sokoto/ |access-date=2023-07-15 |language=en-US}}</ref> Don haka babban birnin Sakkwato ya kasance hedkwatar gwamnatoci daban-daban tun lokacin da Halifa Muhammad Bello ya kafa shi a 1809. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Brief History of Sokoto State :: Nigeria Information & Guide |url=https://www.nigeriagalleria.com/Nigeria/States_Nigeria/Sokoto/Brief-History-of-Sokoto-State.html |access-date=2023-07-15 |website=www.nigeriagalleria.com}}</ref> == Mutane da al'adu == Jihar Sokoto tana da yawan jama'a miliyan 3.7 [1] [2] bisa ga shekara ta 2006. Ƙididdigar da ta ƙunshi ƙabilu biyu wato Fulani da Hausa . Garin Sokoto babban birnin jihar Sokoto yana da yawan jama'a kusan 2.5 miliyan. Baya ga Fulani da Hausawa akwai ‘yan tsiraru na Zabarmawa da Abzinawa a yankunan kananan hukumomin. Duk wadannan kungiyoyi suna magana da Hausa a matsayin harshen gama gari. Fulani ne ke magana da Fulfulde . Hausawa mazauna jihar sun hada da Gobirawa, Zamfarawa, Kabawa, Adarawa da Arawa. Su kuma Fulanin manyan kungiyoyi biyu ne; garin Fulani ( Hausa ; Fula ) da kuma Makiyaya. Na farko ya hada da Torankawa, dangin [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shehu Usmanu Danfodiyo]], [[Sulluɓawa|Sullubawa]] da Zoramawa. Torankawa sune aristocratic ajin tun 1804. A al'adance jihar tana daya. Al'ummar jihar galibinsu musulmi ne. Tufafinsu kuma asalinsu na Musulunci ne. Ana gudanar da manyan bukukuwa guda biyu wato [[Sallar Idi ƙarama|Eid-el-Fitri]] da [[Sallar Idi Babba|Eid-el-Kabir]] duk shekara a jihar. Na farko ya kawo karshen [[Azumi a Musulunci|azumin]] watan Ramadan, yayin da na karshen ya kunshi yankan raguna domin tunawa da wani aiki da [[Annabi Ibrahim|annabin Musulunci Ibrahim]] ( [[Ibrahim]] kakan Yahudawa) ya yi. Wasan gargajiya ( [[Kokawa]] ) da dambe ( [[Dambe]] ) sune wasanni biyu da Hausawa ke jin dadinsu yayin da Fulani da Sullubawa suke nishadantar da Sharo <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-04-22 |title=Sharo Ceremony, the scars of Fulani love in Nigeria |url=https://kumakonda.com/sharo-fulani-nigeria/ |access-date=2025-08-26 |language=en-US}}</ref> da Doro. bi da bi. Manyan maziyartan jihar galibi ana yi masu zuwa ga babbar ko karamar [[durbar]], taron da ya kunshi faretin dawakai da aka kawata da rakuma wadanda mazaje suke sanye da cikakkun kayan soja da na al'adu. == Gurbatar muhalli == Jama’a a Sakkwato na cikin hatsarin gaske ga matsalar rashin lafiya sakamakon kurar iska da ke haifar da ciwon huhu da kuma kara yawan mace-mace, musamman daga cututtukan zuciya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Air Quality & Pollen Forecast for Sokoto |url=https://www.meteoblue.com/en/weather/outdoorsports/airquality/sokoto_nigeria_2322911 |access-date=2023-09-23 |website=meteoblue |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-22 |title=Sokoto Air Quality Index (AQI) and Nigeria Air Pollution {{!}} IQAir |url=https://www.iqair.com/nigeria/sokoto |access-date=2023-09-23 |website=www.iqair.com |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Air Quality and Pollen in Sokoto, Nigeria {{!}} Tomorrow.io |url=https://www.tomorrow.io/weather/NG/Sokoto/2158714/health/ |access-date=2023-09-23 |website=Tomorrow.io Weather |language=en}}</ref> == Ayyukan tattalin arziki == [[Fayil:Sokoto_market_2006.jpg|right|thumb|Kasuwar Sokoto]] Sama da kashi tamanin (80%) na mazauna Sokoto suna yin noma iri daya ko kuma wata. Suna noman amfanin gona kamar gero, masara, masara, shinkafa, dankalin turawa, rogo, gyada, wake da dai sauransu don rayuwa da kuma samar da alkama, auduga da ganyaye don tsabar kudi. Sana'o'in cikin gida irin su saƙa da rini da sassaƙa da fata su ma suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin tattalin arzikin al'ummar Sakkwato; a sakamakon haka, yankuna daban-daban kamar Makera, Marina, Takalmawa da Majema sun zama mahimmanci. Sokoto kuma na daya daga cikin yankunan da ake noman kifi a kasar. Don haka adadi mai yawa na mutanen da ke gefen kogin suna yin kamun kifi. Haka ma Sokoto tana da albarkatun kasa da ma'adinai. Kamfanonin hadin gwiwar Agro da ke amfani da auduga, gyada, dawa, danko, masara, shinkafa, alkama, rake, rogo, danko Larabci da taba a matsayin albarkatun kasa ana iya kafa su a yankin. Haka kuma za a iya yin noma mai yawa a jihar ta hanyar amfani da ruwan ban ruwa daga madatsar Goronyo, Lugu, Kalmalo, Wammakko da Kwakwazo da sauransu. Albarkatun ma'adinai irin su kaolin, gypsum, limestone, laterite, jan niƙa, phosphate duka rawaya da kore, yumbu inuwa, yashi da dai sauransu, suna samuwa a cikin adadi na kasuwanci. Za a iya kafa masana'antu na ma'adinai masu amfani da waɗannan albarkatun ƙasa a cikin jihar. Rashin tashiwar tse-tse a buɗaɗɗen ciyayi yana amfana da namun daji da na gida. Sokoto ita ce ta biyu a fannin kiwon dabbobi a yawan dabbobin kasar sama da miliyan takwas. Samuwar wadannan hanyoyin tattalin arziki na samar da damammakin zuba jari, musamman a masana'antar hada-hadar noma kamar su fulawa, sarrafa tumatur, tace sukari, yadi, gamna, tanning, gwangwanin kifi, da sauransu. == Sufuri == Sokoto ba ta da tsarin sufurin jama'a. Sufuri a cikin birni (lokacin da ba da ƙafa ba) galibi suna amfani da mopeds waɗanda ke aiki azaman tasi na mutum ɗaya kuma wani lokaci masu keke masu uku suna jigilar mutane daga wannan wuri zuwa wancan; wannan yana ba da damar ɗaukar mutane fiye da ɗaya a lokaci ɗaya (har yanzu a farashi mai arha kamar mopeds). Motocin bas da tasi ba safai ba ne kuma galibi ana amfani da su ne kawai don jigilar kayayyaki tsakanin birane. Wani abin sha’awa a yankin da kasa da kashi 2% na ‘yan mata ke kammala karatun sakandare, an kafa garejin mata duka a cikin birnin Sakkwato domin horar da ‘yan mata kan gyaran ababen hawa. Cibiyar Nana: Girls and Women Empowerment Initiative ce ta kafa, garejin na horar da dalibai mata 25 da suka koyo tare da tallafin shugabannin addinin Musulunci na yankin. 10&nbsp;km kudu da Sokoto akwai [[Filin jirgin saman Sokoto|filin jirgin sama na kasa da kasa]] wanda ke da alaka da [[Abuja]] da [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] da [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] . == Masana'antu == A watan Agusta 2008, an rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar gina aikin siminti a Sokoto, kuma an bude kamfanin a shekarar 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Release |first=Press |date=2022-01-27 |title=Buhari inaugurates BUA's new cement plant in Sokoto |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/more-news/508229-buhari-inaugurates-buas-new-cement-plant-in-sokoto.html |access-date=2022-10-06 |website=Premium Times Nigeria |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Birane == Garin birni yana da dogon tarihi a ƙasar Hausa. An fara aiwatar da tsarin ne a lokacin da wasu yankuna masu mahimmanci na kasar Hausa suka bunkasa tun daga Kauyuka zuwa Birane. Amma duk da haka daya daga cikin manyan illolin da mai jihadi ya haifar shi ne gudun wannan lamari ba wai a kasar Hausa kadai ba, har ma a duk wuraren da gwamnatin halifanci ta shafa. Sabbin garuruwa sun taso kuma tsofaffin garuruwa sun shiga wani yanayi na ci gaban da ba a taba ganin irinsa ba, wasu a matsayin sabbin wuraren harkokin kasuwanci, wasu a matsayin manyan masarautu da cibiyoyin gudanarwa da kasuwanci. Daya daga cikin abubuwan da suka faru a tarihin halifancin Sokoto ya faro ne da kafa birnin Sakkwato (helkwatar halifanci). A zamanin jahiliyya, yankin da ke tsakanin Masarautar Gobir da Kebbi shi ne yankin da aka fi sani da “Kasar makiyaya”. Amma da nasarar jihadin da Shehu usmau dan Fodiyo (1804-1808) ya jagoranta da kuma nasarar da masu jihadi suka samu kan sarakunan kasar Hausa, Muhammad Bello ya gina birnin Sokoto (helkwatar khalifanci). Haka kuma, kamar yadda Abdul-Razaq Shehu ya lura a cikin littafinsa ''na Sakkwato Birnin Shehu'', Muhammad Bello ya tsara birnin Sakkwato da takarda tun kafin a gina shi. Bello dan Sheikh yana cikin hakiman mahaifinsa da kwamandojin yaki. Ya yi yake-yake mafi tsanani kuma mafi tsawo kuma shi ne ya gina halifancin Sakkwato Birnin Shehu. Birnin Sakkwato kamar yadda mai zanen Muhammad Bello ya tsara ya kunshi duk wani fasali na kowane birni na zamani da suka hada da tituna, gadoji, kasuwa, ganuwa (cibiyoyin tsaro na gari) da kuma cibiyoyin gudanarwa da kasuwanci. Daga cikin cibiyoyin gudanarwa da Muhammad Bello ya tsara akwai Kanwuri, Binanchi, Galadanci, Alkalanci, Dogarawa da dai sauransu. Sai dai, baya ga babbar kasuwar da aka fi sani da Yardole, sauran wuraren kasuwanci da Muhammad Bello ya tsara sun hada da Makera, Madinka, Marina, Siriddawa, Takalmawa, Runji da Jirgawa. Bugu da kari, babu wani gari a kasar Hausa kafin jihadi ko karni na 19 da zai ci gaba da zama cibiyar birni ba tare da katanga mai inganci ba (ganuwa). An gina wannan ginin ne da guraren da dama kamar Kofar Aliyu Jedo, Kofar Dundaye, Kofar Marke, Kofar Rini, Kofar Kware, da Kofar Taramniya, kuma wannan gagarumin ci gaba da aka samu ya ja hankalin jama’a da dama da suka yi hijira daga unguwarsu zuwa cikin birnin Sakkwato domin tsira. Daga abin da muka gani a sama kan yadda halifa Muhammad Bello ya kera birnin Sakkwato za mu ga cewa, Sakkwato ta samu karin bakin haure masu sha’awar sana’ar fataucin fata, tukwane da sauransu, alal misali, wasu daga cikin wadannan mutane ko dai suna yin sana’a ne ko kuma wasu sana’o’in da ke da alaka da su kamar a Makera Assada. Akwai mutanen da suka rika tafiya sassa daban-daban na Nijeriya a halin yanzu har ma da kasashen da ke makwabtaka da su don sayo kayan karafa da suka lalace kamar lalacewar motoci, motoci, manyan motoci, jiragen sama da dai sauran bututun karfe, da tankunan mai domin karya su gunduwa-gunduwa, a sayar wa duk wanda ke son ya yi amfani da su ko kuma ya canza su zuwa wani samfur. == Abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli == === Canjin yanayi === Domin Sokoto da kewayen garin sun riga sun kasance a kusa da wani yanki mai dausayi da ke fama da kwararowar hamada, tuni birnin ya fuskanci illar sauyin yanayi. <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |date=July 2018 |title=Climate Change Manifestations and Impacts in The Sokoto Close-Settled Zone, Northwestern Nigeria |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/196236813.pdf |journal=Akademika |volume=88 |issue=2 |pages=21–34 |via=Core UK}}</ref> Wani bincike na 2018 game da yuwuwar tasirin birnin ya annabta raguwar kayan noma da bunƙasa shuka, da ƙara [[Rashin ruwa|ƙarancin ruwa]] a yankin da ke kewayen birni, yana tsoma baki tare da samar da abinci da samar da ƙalubalen tsaro na samun kudin shiga. <ref name=":0" /> == Fitattun mutane == * [[Attahiru Bafarawa]] (Tsohon Gwamnan Jahar Sokoto) * Sir [[Ahmadu Bello]] (Sardaunan Sokoto) * [[Mohammed Maigari Dingyadi]] (Tsohon Ministan 'Yan sandan Najeriya) * [[Shehu Shagari]] (Tsohon Shugaban Tarayyar Najeriya) * [[Aminu Waziri Tambuwal|Aminu Tambuwal]] (Tsohon Kakakin Majalisar Wakilai kuma Tsohon Gwamnan Jihar Sakkwato) * Sanata [[Aliyu Magatakarda Wamakko]] (Tsohon Gwamnan Jahar Sokoto) * [[Alhaji Ahmad Aliyu|Ahmad Aliyu]] (Gwamnan Sokoto a shekarar 2023) * [[Sa'adu Abubakar]] (Sultan of Sokoto) == Duba kuma == * [[Daular Sokoto|Sokoto Caliphate]] * [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Usman dan Fodiyo]] * Siminti a Afirka * [[Makera Assada]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Biranen Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] rji9j6ovd2akf3czwhg17wcsvat3bhb 0 117412 829603 719369 2026-05-04T12:12:50Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829603 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Rosamond Asiamah Nkansah''' (13 Janairu 1930 - 20 Fabrairu 2021) jami'ar tilasta bin doka ce 'yar Ghana wacce ita ce mace ta farko da ta shiga aikin 'yan sandan Ghana, sannan kuma 'yan sandan [[Gold Coast (Mulkin mallaka na Birtaniyya)|Gold Coast]] . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=First Ghanaian policewoman now 90 years |url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/ghana-news-first-ghanaian-policewoman-now-90-years.html |access-date=2020-03-17 |website=Graphic Online |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Effah |first=K. |date=2020-01-13 |title=First-ever female police officer in Ghana turns 90; Ghanaians excitedly react |url=https://yen.com.gh/143587-ghanas-female-police-officer-turns-90-today-ghanaians-t-calm.html |access-date=2020-03-17 |website=Yen.com.gh - Ghana news. |language=en}}</ref> == Ilimi == Ta halarci makarantar sakandaren mata ta Wesley a Cape Coast . Ta rike Babban Takardar shaidar Cambridge da Malami 'A'. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-03-03 |title=Meet the first woman to join the Gold Coast Police force |url=https://www.theghanareport.com/meet-the-first-woman-to-join-the-gold-coast-police-force/ |access-date=2020-03-17 |website=The Ghana Report |language=en |archive-date=2020-04-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200422154702/https://www.theghanareport.com/meet-the-first-woman-to-join-the-gold-coast-police-force/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Rayuwa da aiki == An shiga cikin rundunar 'yan sanda ta Gold Coast a ranar 1 ga Satumba 1952 tana da shekaru 22. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ososanya |first=Tunde |date=2020-03-18 |title=Meet Rosamond Asiamah, Ghana's first female police officer who is 90 |url=https://www.legit.ng/1312265-rosamond-asiamah-meet-ghanas-female-police-officer.html |access-date=2021-02-23 |website=Legit.ng - Nigeria news. |language=en |archive-date=2021-01-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210119053800/https://www.legit.ng/1312265-rosamond-asiamah-meet-ghanas-female-police-officer.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> An fara shiga cikin tawagar tare da wasu mata 11 kuma sun zama shugabansu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Police Ladies Association celebrates Rosemond Nkansah, first Ghanaian police woman |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Police-Ladies-Association-celebrates-Rosemond-Nkansah-first-Ghanaian-police-woman-847039 |access-date=2020-03-17 |website=www.ghanaweb.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ghana's first-ever woman police recruit passes on - MyJoyOnline.com |url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/ghanas-first-ever-woman-police-recruit-passes-on/ |access-date=2021-02-23 |website=www.myjoyonline.com |language=en-US}}</ref> Wannan shine lokacin da ba a yarda 'yan sanda mata su yi aure ko kuma su yi juna biyu ba; sabanin wannan umarni, an tilasta musu su yi murabus. Kafin ta yi murabus, ta roki gwamnati da ta ba da izinin 'yan sanda su yi aure kuma su haifi yara, da kuma sake dawo da wadanda suka yi muraburwar don manufar kiwon iyalai.<ref>{{Cite web |title=First Ghanaian policewoman now 90 years |url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/ghana-news-first-ghanaian-policewoman-now-90-years.html |access-date=2021-02-23 |website=Graphic Online |language=en-gb}}</ref> An yarda da korafin kuma an soke yanayin da ya hana mata yin aiki na dogon lokaci a kan tilas, saboda aure da ciki.<ref>{{Cite web |title=First Ghanaian policewoman Rosemond Asiama passes on at 91 |url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/first-ghanaian-policewoman-passes-on-at-91.html |access-date=2021-02-22 |website=Graphic Online |language=en-gb}}</ref> Ta yi murabus a ranar 16 ga Mayu 1958. Bayan ta yi murabus, ta koyar a St. John's Grammar School daga 1961 zuwa 1964 a matsayin malami mai sana'a saboda takardar shaidar da take da ita kafin a shiga cikin rundunar 'yan sanda ta Gold Coast. Ta shiga [[Ghana Broadcasting Corporation|Kamfanin Watsa Labarai na Ghana]] a 1965 kuma ta jagoranci shirye-shiryen watsa shirye-shirye na Makarantar na shekara guda.<ref name="gxtra2">{{Cite web |last=Sarfowaa, Nana Ama |date=20 January 2020 |title=The Struggles Of The First Policewoman That Changed The Face Of Policing For Women |url=https://ghanaxtra.com/2020/01/the-struggles-of-the-first-policewoman-that-changed-the-face-of-policing-for-women.html |access-date=20 March 2020 |publisher=ghanaxtra |language= |archive-date=20 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200320101358/https://ghanaxtra.com/2020/01/the-struggles-of-the-first-policewoman-that-changed-the-face-of-policing-for-women.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ta yi ritaya daga aiki a 1999 don mayar da hankali kan rubuce-rubuce. Ta kuma fassara kalmomi a cikin littafinta (Octagon) zuwa harsunan waje da na gida.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sarfowaa |first=Nana Ama |last2=Reporter |date=2020-01-20 |title=The Struggles Of The First Policewoman That Changed The Face Of Policing For Women |url=https://ghanaxtra.com/2020/01/the-struggles-of-the-first-policewoman-that-changed-the-face-of-policing-for-women.html |access-date=2021-02-23 |website=GhanaXtra.Com |language=en-US |archive-date=2020-03-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200320101358/https://ghanaxtra.com/2020/01/the-struggles-of-the-first-policewoman-that-changed-the-face-of-policing-for-women.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Mutuwa == Asiamah ya mutu a asibitin 'yan sanda a Accra a ranar Asabar da yamma, 20 ga Fabrairu, 2021 . <ref>{{Cite web |title=First Ghana Police Woman, Rosemond Asiama dies at age 91 |url=https://www.modernghana.com/news/1063307/first-ghana-police-woman-rosemond-asiama-dies.html |access-date=2021-02-23 |website=Modern Ghana |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=First Ghanaian policewoman Rosemond Asiama passes on at 91 |url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/first-ghanaian-policewoman-passes-on-at-91.html |access-date=2021-02-23 |website=Graphic Online |language=en-gb}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Matattun 2021]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1930]] rxni2ta9kka7flal1q6eivlhl68gz54 0 119739 830139 730360 2026-05-05T11:36:16Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 830139 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Stenaelurillus glaber''''' wani nau'in gizo-gizo ne na tsalle a cikin jinsin ''Stenaelurillus'' da ke zaune a Ghana, Ivory Coast, Najeriya da Uganda. Wanda Wesołowska da Anthony Russell-Smith ne suka fara bayyana shi a cikin 2011. Namiji ne kawai aka gano. gizo-gizo ƙarami ne, mai launin ruwan cephalothorax {{Convert|2.58|mm|in}} a tsayi da baƙar fata tsakanin {{Convert|2.05|and|2.4|mm|in}} dogo. An yi wa carapace alamar ratsi huɗu da ciki da tabo fari uku. An bambanta shi da sauran mambobi na jinsin ta hanyar clypeus, wanda yake gaba ɗaya rawaya da gashi. == Tarihin lissafi == Wanda Wesołowska da Anthony Russell-Smith sun fara bayyana ''Stenaelurillus glaber'' a cikin 2011. <ref name="wsc">{{Cite web |last=World Spider Catalog |year=2017 |title=''Stenaelurillus glaber'' Wesolowska & A. Russell-Smith, 2011 |url=https://www.wsc.nmbe.ch/species/32879/Stenaelurillus_glaber |access-date=11 December 2017 |website=World Spider Catalog |publisher=Natural History Museum |place=Bern |archive-date=11 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171211160925/http://www.wsc.nmbe.ch/species/32879/Stenaelurillus_glaber |url-status=dead }}</ref> Yana daya daga cikin nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in 500 da aka gano ta hanyar masanin ilmin kiwo na Poland Wesołowska. {{Sfn|Wiśniewski|2020}} Halittar ''Stenaelurillus'' ta fara haɓaka ta Eugène Simon a cikin 1885. {{Sfn|Logunov|2020}} Sunan yana da alaƙa da asalin sunan ''Aelurillus'', wanda kansa ya samo asali daga kalmar Helenanci don cat, tare da ƙari na tushen Girkanci ma'ana kunkuntar. {{Sfn|Fernández-Rubio|2013}} A cikin 2017, an haɗa shi tare da wasu nau'ikan nau'ikan tsalle-tsalle guda tara a ƙarƙashin sunan Aelurillins. {{Sfn|Prószyński|2017}} An sanya shi a cikin ƙabilar Aelurillina a cikin kabilar Aelurillini a cikin clade Saltafresia. {{Sfn|Maddison|2015}} Sunan nau'in yana tunawa da rashin gashi ko goge akan carapace . {{Sfn|Wesołowska|Russell-Smith|2011}} == Bayyanawa == An bayyana namiji ne kawai.<ref name="wsc2">{{Cite web |last=World Spider Catalog |year=2017 |title=''Stenaelurillus glaber'' Wesolowska & A. Russell-Smith, 2011 |url=https://www.wsc.nmbe.ch/species/32879/Stenaelurillus_glaber |access-date=11 December 2017 |website=World Spider Catalog |publisher=Natural History Museum |place=Bern }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> gizo-gizo karami ne, tare da [[cephalothorax]] wanda ke auna {{Convert|2.58|mm|in}} in) a tsawon da {{Convert|1.8|mm|in}} in) a faɗin. Yana da murfin launin ruwan kasa mai kama da pear tare da layi huɗu, wasu biyu da aka bayyana a kan babban jiki da wasu biyu a gefen.{{Sfn|Wesołowska|Russell-Smith|2011}} Abun [[Opisthosoma|ciki]] yana da launin ruwan kasa mai duhu kuma yana da manyan fararen tabo uku a rabin baya.{{Sfn|Logunov|Azarkina|2018}} Ya kasance daga 2.05 da 2.4 in) tsawo kuma yana da {{Convert|1.4|mm|in}} in) fadi.{{Sfn|Wesołowska|Russell-Smith|2011}} Yankin ido baƙar fata ne kuma yana da ƙuƙwalwa, wasu daga fari ne. yayin da kafafu suna da rawaya.{{Sfn|Logunov|Azarkina|2018}} [[Pedipalp|pedipalps]] ma rawaya ne, amma suna da ƙuƙwalwa da yawa a kansu, ba kamar ''[[Stenaelurillus pilosus]]'' ba.{{Sfn|Wesołowska|Russell-Smith|2011}} Kwayar kwalliya tana kama da ''[[Stenaelurillus hirsutus]]'', ''Stenaelurillus pilosus'' da ''Stenaelurillus striolatus''.{{Sfn|Wesołowska|Russell-Smith|2011}} Ana iya rarrabe shi daga waɗannan nau'o'in ta hanyar gaskiyar cewa [[Clypeus (arthropod anatomy)|Clypeus]] yana da rawaya tare da fararen gashi.{{Sfn|Logunov|Azarkina|2018}} . == Rarraba da mazaunin == An fara gano nau'in ne a Najeriya. An samo holotype na jinsin a [[Kwara (Jiha)|Jihar Kwara]] a 1973. An samo shi a cikin Savanna da aka noma.{{Sfn|Logunov|Azarkina|2018}} Daga baya aka lura da shi a kusa da Aburi, Ghana, da Pakwach, Uganda.{{Sfn|Wesołowska|2014}} An gano wani misali, samfurin da aka tattara a 1975, daga Dutsen Niangbo a Ivory Coast.{{Sfn|Wesołowska|Russell-Smith|2022}} rarraba yanzu ta haɗa da dukkan ƙasashe huɗu.<ref name="wsc"/> == Manazarta == 4hulwfsm7pqk8dgoo4bfs3hnk9ixhaw 0 120584 830151 745749 2026-05-05T11:45:27Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 830151 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Stephen Asamoah Boateng (an haife shi a ranar 18 ga watan Agusta, shekara ta 1958) ɗan siyasan Ghana ne kuma tsohon memba na majalisa na mazabar Mfantsiman West na Yankin Tsakiya Dan Ghana . Ya kasance tsohon Ministan Ci gaban Karkara da Muhalli, Yawon Bude Ido da Dangantakar Diaspora.[1] Boateng kuma tsohon ministan bayanai ne da kuma jagorancin kasa da kuma tsohon babban jami'in zartarwa na kwamitin Kasuwancin Jiha.[2][3] A halin yanzu shi ne Darakta Janar na Hukumar Kula da Harkokin Jiha da Gudanarwa (SIGA).[4][5][6][7] == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Boateng a shekara ta 1958 kuma ya fito ne daga [[Kormantse, Ghana|Kormantse]] a [[Yankin Tsakiya (Ghana)|Yankin Tsakiya na Ghana]] . <ref name="serve">{{Cite web |date=July 1, 2020 |title=I'm in office to serve Ghanaians not my friends –Asamoah Boateng |url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/news/national/im-in-office-to-serve-ghanaians-not-my-friends-asamoah-boateng/ |access-date=August 6, 2020 |website=MyJoyOnline |language=en-US }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Ya sami ilimin sa na asali a makarantar firamare ta [[Konongo, Ghana|Konongo]] Methodist, Makarantun Tsakiya na Majalisar Gundumar Kormantse da Makarantar Tsakiya ta [[Cocin katolika|Roman Katolika]] sannan ya ci gaba da samun babban makarantar sakandare a Konongo / Odumase Senior High School . <ref name="appointed">{{Cite web |date=April 2, 2017 |title=Stephen Asamoah-Boateng appointed to head State Enterprise Commission |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/business/Stephen-Asamoah-Boateng-appointed-to-head-State-Enterprise-Commission-533516 |access-date=August 6, 2020 |website=GhanaWeb |language=en}}</ref> Boateng ya sami digiri na farko daga [[Jami'ar Ghana]] da kuma digiri na biyu a harkokin kasuwanci a Kwalejin Gudanar da Henley Oxfordshire a Ingila. A lokacin da ya zauna a Ingila, ya yi aiki a matsayin [[Kasuwancin yanar gizo|Mai ba da shawara kan talla]]-tallace a Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Amurka (AMS) na Pfizer Pharmaceuticals . Ya kuma kasance mai ba da shawara kan kasuwanci a Business Link a London da kuma Jami'in Gida a Royal Borough na Kensington, Chelsea . Ya yi aiki a matsayin ma'aikacin gwamnati tare da matsayin mataimakin shagon a Gidan Kiwon Lafiya na Ghana a [[Kumasi]] . <ref name="Hon">{{Cite web |title=Hon. Stephen Asamoah Boateng(ASABEE) |url=https://www.modernghana.com/references/77/hon-stephen-asamoah-boatengasabee.html |access-date=August 6, 2020 |website=Modern Ghana |language=en}}</ref> == Siyasa == Boateng is a member of the 4th parliament of the 4th republic of Ghana.<ref>{{Cite web |last=FM |first=Peace |title=Ghana Election 2004 Results – Mfantseman Constituency |url=http://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2004/central/79/index.php |access-date=August 6, 2020 |website=Ghana Elections – Peace FM |archive-date=December 12, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221212184228/https://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2004/central/79/index.php |url-status=dead }}</ref> His political career began in his early days as a political activist. He became the President of the [[Madinah|Madina]] Students Union and the secretary of the Central Committee of [[Ƙungiyar Dalibai ta Kasa ta Ghana|National Union of Ghana Students]] (NUGS) from 1979 to 1982.<ref name="Hon"/> He participated in the 2004 general elections as a representative of Mfantseman Constituency on the ticket of the New Patriotic Party and was elected as the member of parliament with a total of 28,081 votes out of 49,618 total valid votes cast that year.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=FM |first=Peace |title=Ghana Election 2004 Results – Mfantseman Constituency |url=http://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2004/central/79/index.php |access-date=August 4, 2020 |website=Ghana Elections – Peace FM |archive-date=December 12, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221212184228/https://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2004/central/79/index.php |url-status=dead }}</ref> His constituency was a part of the 16 constituencies won by the New Patriotic Party in the [[Yankin Tsakiya (Ghana)|Central region]] in that elections.<ref>{{Cite web |last=FM |first=Peace |title=Ghana Election 2004 Results - Central Region |url=http://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2004/central/index.php |access-date=August 4, 2020 |website=Ghana Elections – Peace FM |archive-date=April 28, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240428070731/https://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2004/central/index.php |url-status=dead }}</ref> His parliamentary term ended in the 2008 general elections after losing his seat to Aquinas Tawiah Quansah of the National Democratic Congress.<ref>{{Cite web |last=FM |first=Peace |title=Ghana Election 2008 Results – Mfantseman Constituency |url=http://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2008/central/79/index.php |access-date=August 6, 2020 |website=Ghana Elections – Peace FM |archive-date=December 12, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221212184228/https://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2008/central/79/index.php |url-status=dead }}</ref> He was appointed by President [[Nana Akufo-Addo|Nana Addo Dankwa Akuffo Addo]] as the executive chairman of the State Enterprise Committee in 2017.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Stephen Asamoah-Boateng. Archives |url=https://thebftonline.com/tag/stephen-asamoah-boateng/ |access-date=August 6, 2020 |website=The Business & Financial Times |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref name="appointed"/> Boateng was later appointed the director general of the State Interest And Governance (SIGA) Committee by the same president.<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 1, 2019 |title=Ghana: President Swears in 2 Members of Council of State |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201912120662.html |access-date=August 6, 2020 |website=AllAfrica |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta mutum == Boateng Kirista ne. Ya auri Zuleika Lorwia, tare da ita yana da 'ya'ya bakwai ciki har da Samuel Nana Yaw Boateng . <ref name="Hon"/> == Dubi kuma == * Jerin 'yan majalisa da aka zaba a zaben majalisar dokokin Ghana na 2004 == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1958]] tnf9ubt5t078zzg34s5lx1ayv40maup 0 122896 829608 759077 2026-05-04T13:30:03Z Olugold 15747 /* Asalin */ 829608 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox ethnic group|group=Igbo|regions=Igbo gargajiya|native_name=Opobo Nwaotam Festival|religions=gargajiya|languages=Igbo}} '''''Opobo Nwaotam Festival'''''' bikin al'adu ne wanda yawanci mutanen masarautar Opobo ke yin bikin don haɗa baki da mazauna ƙauyen. Ana yin bikin Opobo Nwaotam a kowace ranar 25 ga watan [[Disamba]] sai dai a ranar Lahadi na wannan rana. wannan bikin al'adu ya samo asali ne daga al'adun mutanen Ibani. Ana buga wannan bikin al'adu a kan rufin ginin ba tare da la'akari da yadda ginin yake ba.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Solate |first=Emmanuel |date=2024-08-02 |title=Opobo Nwaotam Festival: A Vibrant Festival in Opobo, Rivers State, Nigeria. |url=https://medium.com/@showlatefilmsproduction/opobo-nwaotam-festival-a-vibrant-festival-in-opobo-rivers-state-nigeria-e8b3359331d1 |access-date=2025-03-17 |website=Medium |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=ago |first=salvadornkparain Cross Culture • 3 years |date=2021-10-27 |title=Introducing The Nwaotam Cultural Dance: An Experience of Cultural Tourism |url=https://hive.blog/hive-181017/@salvadornkpara/introducing-the-nwaotam-cultural-dance |access-date=2025-03-17 |website=Hive |language=en}}</ref> == Asalin == Ana iya danganta asalin '''Bikin Opobo Nwaotam''' da mutanen '''Ndoki''' a Jihar Abia. Mutanen Ndoki sun taɓa kasancewa da dogon lokaci na alaƙa da mutanen '''Ibani''' na '''Bonny''' da kuma '''Opobo'''. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Solate |first=Emmanuel |date=2024-08-02 |title=Opobo Nwaotam Festival: A Vibrant Festival in Opobo, Rivers State, Nigeria. |url=https://medium.com/@showlatefilmsproduction/opobo-nwaotam-festival-a-vibrant-festival-in-opobo-rivers-state-nigeria-e8b3359331d1 |access-date=2025-03-17 |website=Medium |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=ago |first=salvadornkparain Cross Culture • 3 years |date=2021-10-27 |title=Introducing The Nwaotam Cultural Dance: An Experience of Cultural Tourism |url=https://hive.blog/hive-181017/@salvadornkpara/introducing-the-nwaotam-cultural-dance |access-date=2025-03-17 |website=Hive |language=en}}</ref> ==Hotuna== <gallery mode="packed" heights="130" caption="[[:Commons:category:Images From Uke Nwaotam Groups In Wiki Niger Delta Heritage Collective|Bikin Uke Nwaotam]]"> File:Images from Uke Nwaotam Groups display 17.jpg File:Images from Uke Nwaotam Groups display 38.jpg File:Images from Uke Nwaotam Groups display 04.jpg File:Images from Uke Nwaotam Groups display 03.jpg File:Images from Uke Nwaotam Groups display 27.jpg </gallery> == Bayanan da aka ambata == 31zesnum6b4k4yqwn05q2qu71zjltfd 0 123504 829902 748743 2026-05-05T05:31:31Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829902 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''The graphene Flagship''' wani shiri ne na bincike na kimiyya na [[Tarayyar Turai]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=sanjoma |date=2017-09-29 |title=Graphene Flagship |url=https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/graphene-flagship |access-date=2021-02-12 |website=Shaping Europe’s digital future - European Commission}}</ref> Tare da kasafin kuɗi na Yuro biliyan 1, yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan shirye-shiryen da aka shirya ta shirin Future and Emerging Technologies, tare da Human Brain Project da Quantum Technologies Flagship.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=Dexter |title=Europe Invests €1 Billion to Become "Graphene Valley" |url=https://spectrum.ieee.org/europe-invests-1-billion-to-become-graphene-valley |access-date=12 October 2016 |publisher=[[IEEE]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kramer |first=David |date=1 August 2021 |title=Europe's experiment in funding graphene research is paying off |journal=Physics Today |volume=74 |issue=8 |pages=20–24 |doi=10.1063/PT.3.4811 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Ta hanyar hadin gwiwar masana'antu da masana'antu, kokarin bincike yana ƙoƙari ya bunkasa fasahar da ke fitowa daga bincike na asali zuwa samarwa da haɗin tsarin, ta amfani da kaddarorin musamman na graphene. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Our Partners |url=https://graphene-flagship.eu/collaboration/our-partners/ |access-date=2021-02-12 |website=Graphene Flagship}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Graphene Flagship |url=http://www.esf.org/serving-science/ec-contracts-coordination/graphene-flagship.html |access-date=12 October 2016 |archive-date=12 October 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161012230509/http://www.esf.org/serving-science/ec-contracts-coordination/graphene-flagship.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Akwai wasu masu sukar wannan da makamantansu, suna jayayya cewa kudade na bincike da kirkire-kirkire masu alaƙa da graphene ba su dace da kimantawa na yiwuwar masana'antu ba.<ref name="GrapheneBoom">{{Cite web |last=Mark Peplow |date=17 June 2015 |title=Graphene booms in factories but lacks a killer app |url=http://www.nature.com/news/graphene-booms-in-factories-but-lacks-a-killer-app-1.17771 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170903000500/http://www.nature.com/news/graphene-booms-in-factories-but-lacks-a-killer-app-1.17771 |archive-date=2017-09-03 |access-date=2017-09-02 |website=Nature News |publisher=Nature |isbn=}}</ref><ref name="GrapheneMarketGlut">{{Cite web |last=Roni Peleg |date=6 July 2015 |title=Lux report sees graphene's future no better than CNTs' |url=https://www.graphene-info.com/lux-report-sees-graphenes-future-no-better-cnts-0 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170903010900/https://www.graphene-info.com/lux-report-sees-graphenes-future-no-better-cnts-0 |archive-date=2017-09-03 |access-date=2017-09-02 |publisher=Graphene-info |isbn=}}</ref> Koyaya, masu ba da shawara ga Graphene Flagship sun lura da fa'idodin shirin, bincike mai zurfi, da kuma yiwuwar graphene don haɓaka kirkire-kirkire da ci gaban tattalin arziki a fadin bangarori da wuraren sha'awa ciki har da bincike da kiwon lafiya, sufuri, aminci na ruwa, ingancin makamashi, batir da ci gaban semiconductor, kayan lantarki, sadarwa na dijital, dorewa da muhalli, da binciken sararin samaniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Flagships {{!}} Shaping Europe's digital future |url=https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/activities/flagships |access-date=2022-11-16 |website=digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu |language=en}}</ref> == Tarihi == A shekara ta 2009, Hukumar Tarayyar Turai ta gano bukatar Turai ta magance manyan kalubalen kimiyya da fasaha na shekarun ta hanyar kokarin R&D na dogon lokaci. Ɗaya daga cikin tutar farko ta Turai ta gaba da Fasahar Fasahar (FET), an kafa Graphene Flagship a watan Oktoba 2013. Da farko an aiwatar da shi a matsayin Shirin Tsarin Bakwai a karkashin Babban Darakta na Hukumar Tarayyar Turai don Cibiyoyin Sadarwa, Abun ciki da Fasaha (DG Connect). Kungiyar yanzu ta fada karkashin tsarin bincike da kirkire-kirkire na FP7, Horizon 2020. <ref>{{Cite web |last=sanjoma |date=2017-09-29 |title=Graphene Flagship |url=https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/graphene-flagship |access-date=2021-02-12 |website=Shaping Europe’s digital future - European Commission}}</ref> == Shirye-shiryen == Jami'ar Fasaha ta Chalmers ce ke tsara Graphene Flagship, wacce ke zaune a Gothenburg, Sweden. Darakta na aikin shine [[Jari Kinaret]], shugaban ƙungiyar Condensed Matter Theory a Sashen Chalmers" na Physics; <ref name="auto1">{{Cite web |title=Director and Managemt |url=https://graphene-flagship.eu/collaboration/about-us/meet-the-team/ |access-date=12 October 2016}}</ref> mataimakin darektan shi ne Patrik Johansson, <ref>{{Cite web |last=sanjoma |date=2017-09-29 |title=Graphene Flagship |url=https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/graphene-flagship |access-date=2021-02-12 |website=Shaping Europe’s digital future - European Commission}}</ref> farfesa na bincike a Jami'ar Fasaha ta Chalmers. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kramer |first=David |date=1 August 2021 |title=Europe's experiment in funding graphene research is paying off |journal=Physics Today |volume=74 |issue=8 |pages=20–24 |doi=10.1063/PT.3.4811 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Gudanar da aiki yana ƙarƙashin Darakta da Kwamitin Gudanarwa wanda Jami'in Kimiyya da Fasaha, Andrea C. Ferrari <ref name="auto1" /> daga Jami'ar Cambridge, kuma ya haɗa da Darakta Flagship, Shugaban Innovation da Shugabannin Sashen biyar. Kwamitin zartarwa ne ke yanke shawara na dabarun wanda ya hada da mambobin kwamitin gudanarwa da mambobi goma da Majalisar Dattijai ta zaba na dukkan abokan hulɗa 150. Kwamitin Ba da Shawara na dabarun (SAC) ya ƙunshi masana kimiyya da masana'antu, gami da masu karɓar kyautar Nobel guda uku. Matsayinta shine ba da shawara kan yanke shawara na bincike da batutuwan da suka shafi sarrafawa da kare dukiyar ilimi yayin da yake sauƙaƙe lambobin sadarwa ga shirye-shiryen bincike na ƙasa da na duniya da kuma aiki a matsayin jakadu na Graphene Flagship. Shugaban Majalisar Ba da Shawara ta dabarun shine Andre Geim, Jami'ar Manchester, Manchester, Burtaniya.<ref>{{Cite web |last=sanjoma |date=2017-09-29 |title=Graphene Flagship |url=https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/graphene-flagship |access-date=2021-02-12 |website=Shaping Europe’s digital future - European Commission}}</ref> An raba Graphene Flagship zuwa kunshin aiki 19, 15 suna mai da hankali kan takamaiman batutuwa na kimiyya da fasaha, da hudu da aka sadaukar da su ga kirkire-kirkire da ayyukan aiki / gudanarwa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kramer |first=David |date=1 August 2021 |title=Europe's experiment in funding graphene research is paying off |journal=Physics Today |volume=74 |issue=8 |pages=20–24 |doi=10.1063/PT.3.4811 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Ana rarraba kunshin aiki zuwa kashi shida don inganta haɗin gwiwa da sadarwa. Ɗaya daga cikin Rarraba shine gidajen ayyukan haɗin gwiwa. Aikin yana saka hannun jari kashi ɗaya bisa uku na kudadensa a cikin Ayyukan Spearhead 11, da nufin kara matakin shirye-shiryen fasaha (TRL) na fasahar fasahar graphene.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Our Partners |url=https://graphene-flagship.eu/collaboration/our-partners/ |access-date=2021-02-12 |website=Graphene Flagship}}</ref> == Kudin == An raba Graphene Flagship zuwa matakai biyu daban-daban: wani mataki na watanni 30 a karkashin Shirin Tsarin 7 (Oktoba 1, 2013 - Maris 31, 2016) tare da jimlar kudaden Hukumar Tarayyar Turai na Yuro miliyan 54, <ref name="auto"/> da kuma matakin daidaitawa a karkashin Shiri na Horizon 2020 tare da kudaden Hukumar Turai da ake tsammani na Yuro Miliyan 50 a kowace shekara. A lokacin FP7 an aiwatar da flagship a matsayin haɗuwa da kayan aiki guda biyu, aikin hadin gwiwa, daidaitawa da tallafi (CP-CSA), da kuma Cibiyar Nazarin Yankin Turai (ERANET +), yayin da a cikin H2020 ana aiwatar da flaghip a matsayin kayan aiki guda. A cikin FP7, EC ce ta ba da kuɗin CP-CSA bisa ga tsarin kuɗi na FP7, kuma EC da ƙungiyoyin tallafin kuɗi na membobin sun ba da kuɗin ERANET + tare. A cikin H2020, ana tallafawa kayan aiki guda ɗaya tare da EC da kasashe membobin.<ref>{{Cite web |last=sanjoma |date=2017-09-29 |title=Graphene Flagship |url=https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/graphene-flagship |access-date=2021-02-12 |website=Shaping Europe’s digital future - European Commission}}</ref> == Tasirin == A cikin shekaru 9 da suka gabata, Graphene Flagship ya sami nasarar kawo graphene daga dakin gwaje-gwaje, yana haifar da tsarin halittu na masana'antu na Turai wanda ke haɓaka aikace-aikace ta amfani da graphene da kayan aiki. A farkon, abokan aikin sun kasance mafi yawan ilimi. Koyaya, Graphene Flagship yanzu ya haɗa da kamfanoni sama da 100 da ke aiki tare da abokan hulɗa na Graphene flagship a fannoni daga masana'antun motoci da na jirgin sama zuwa lantarki, makamashi, sinadarai da biomedicine.<ref>{{Cite web |last=sanjoma |date=2017-09-29 |title=Graphene Flagship |url=https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/graphene-flagship |access-date=2021-02-12 |website=Shaping Europe’s digital future - European Commission}}</ref> Adadin kamfanoni ya karu daga 15 kawai a lokacin ƙaddamar da Graphene Flagship zuwa kusan kashi 50% na ƙungiyar a yau. A cikin ƙoƙarinsa na ci gaba da mayar da hankali ga aikace-aikacen masana'antu, Graphene Flagship ya ƙaddamar da 2D Experimental Pilot Line wanda shine farkon foundry (fasali don aiwatar da graphene cikin siffofi) don haɗa graphene da kayan da suka danganci su cikin dandamali na semiconductor.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kramer |first=David |date=1 August 2021 |title=Europe's experiment in funding graphene research is paying off |journal=Physics Today |volume=74 |issue=8 |pages=20–24 |doi=10.1063/PT.3.4811 |doi-access=free}}</ref> The Graphene Flagship ya tabbatar da ingantawa, tallafawa da isar da kimiyya mai kyau. A cikin rahoton shekara-shekara na 2021, sun ba da rahoton cewa a lokacin bugawa, an buga binciken bincike na kimiyya 5,000 tare da kusan ambaton 200,000, kuma an ba da aikace-aikacen patent 302.<ref>{{Cite web |last=sanjoma |date=2017-09-29 |title=Graphene Flagship |url=https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/graphene-flagship |access-date=2021-02-12 |website=Shaping Europe’s digital future - European Commission}}</ref> Dangane da aikace-aikace, masu bincike sun nuna yiwuwar graphene a wurare da yawa. Kazalika da kasancewa mafi ƙanƙanta, mafi ƙarfi, kuma mafi sauƙi da aka sani, graphene yana da sassauci, mai hana kwayoyin ruwa kuma yana da ƙarfin lantarki da zafi. Wannan yana nufin cewa daga cikin aikace-aikacensa, ana amfani da shi don haɓaka tsarin lantarki na gaba da tsarin sadarwa na gani; don fitar da ci gaba a cikin sel na hasken rana, batir, super capacitors, ajiyar hydrogen da sel na man fetur, da ci gaban birni mai ɗorewa; don shirya hanya don samfuran kiwon lafiya gami da isar magunguna da biosensors; da kuma inganta injiniyoyin jirgin sama, jirgin sama, da binciken sararin samaniya na mutum <ref>{{Cite web |last=sanjoma |date=2017-09-29 |title=Graphene Flagship |url=https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/graphene-flagship |access-date=2021-02-12 |website=Shaping Europe’s digital future - European Commission}}</ref> .<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kramer |first=David |date=1 August 2021 |title=Europe's experiment in funding graphene research is paying off |journal=Physics Today |volume=74 |issue=8 |pages=20–24 |doi=10.1063/PT.3.4811 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Our Partners |url=https://graphene-flagship.eu/collaboration/our-partners/ |access-date=2021-02-12 |website=Graphene Flagship}}</ref> == Manazarta == 13mqwnjoxeyjb1kq9ls3rbpefmp27k4 0 123600 830160 749038 2026-05-05T11:53:45Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 7 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 830160 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Stephen Heppell''' malamin ilimi ne na Burtaniya, marubuci kuma mai magana. Ya rike farfesa a Jami'ar Anglia Ruskin da Jami'ar Bournemouth, kuma a halin yanzu yana riƙe da kujerar Filipe Segovia na Innovation<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-11-16 |title=Stephen Heppell, Director of the Felipe Segovia Chair at UCJC, explains the importance of play and motivation for students' development |url=https://www.ucjc.edu/en/2020/11/stephen-heppell-director-de-la-catedra-felipe-segovia-de-la-ucjc-explica-la-importancia-del-juego-y-la-motivacion-para-la-evolucion-de-los-estudiantes/ |access-date=2021-07-08 |website=Universidad Camilo José Cela |language=en |archive-date=2021-07-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709190545/https://www.ucjc.edu/en/2020/11/stephen-heppell-director-de-la-catedra-felipe-segovia-de-la-ucjc-explica-la-importancia-del-juego-y-la-motivacion-para-la-evolucion-de-los-estudiantes/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> a Universidad Camilo Jose Cela a [[Madrid]]. Ya kasance mai ba da shawara ga Ma'aikatar Ilimi ta Gwamnatin Burtaniya tare da rubuta 'The Stephenson Report' kuma ya jagoranci Kungiyar Ba da Shawara ta Fasahar Ilimi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Information and Communications Technology in UK Schools AN INDEPENDENT INQUIRY |url=https://rubble.heppell.net/stevenson/ICT.pdf |website=rubble.heppell.net}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Don't look back in anger? Really? |url=https://www.sec-ed.co.uk/blog/ict-in-education-dont-look-back-in-anger-really/ |access-date=2021-07-08 |website=www.sec-ed.co.uk |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-04-10 |title=The edtech strategy is a great leap backwards |url=https://schoolsweek.co.uk/the-edtech-strategy-is-a-great-leap-but-in-the-wrong-direction/ |access-date=2021-07-08 |website=Schools Week}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == Stephen John Heppell ya girma a Little Chalfont kuma ya halarci Makarantar Dr Challoner's Grammar School kafin ya yi karatun [[Ilimin halin dan Adam|ilimin halayyar dan adam]] da tattalin arziki a Jami'ar Reading. Bayan wani ɗan gajeren aiki a lissafi, ya sami digiri na biyu na ilimi daga Jami'ar Gabashin London, da kuma masters a saka hannun jari a Jami'ar Bankin Kudu. == Farkon aiki == Heppell ya fara koyarwa a Makarantar 'Yan Mata ta Leytonstone da ke Gabashin Landan inda ya koyar da ilimin zamantakewa kafin ya koma Makarantar Fryers da ke Basildon . Heppell ya shiga Jami'ar Anglia Ruskin daga Shirin Ilimi na Microelectronics kuma aka naɗa shi farfesa a shekarar 1989. Ya riƙe shugabancin Sabbin Muhalli na Koyo har zuwa 2004, kuma inda ya kafa kuma ya jagoranci cibiyar binciken fasahar koyo ta Ultralab<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-11-16 |title=Stephen Heppell, Director of the Felipe Segovia Chair at UCJC, explains the importance of play and motivation for students' development |url=https://www.ucjc.edu/en/2020/11/stephen-heppell-director-de-la-catedra-felipe-segovia-de-la-ucjc-explica-la-importancia-del-juego-y-la-motivacion-para-la-evolucion-de-los-estudiantes/ |access-date=2021-07-08 |website=Universidad Camilo José Cela |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> . An naɗa Heppell a matsayin shugaban Jami'ar Bournemouth a Muhalli na Sabbin Kafafen Yaɗa Labarai a Cibiyar Ingantaccen Aikin Kafafen Yaɗa Labarai<ref>{{Cite web |title=Information and Communications Technology in UK Schools AN INDEPENDENT INQUIRY |url=https://rubble.heppell.net/stevenson/ICT.pdf |website=rubble.heppell.net}}</ref> tsakanin 2008 da 2017. Heppell ya shiga Universidad Camilo Jose Cela a cikin ₂, kuma a cikin 2018, ya kula da ci gaban wuraren ilmantarwa na gwaji<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-11-16 |title=Stephen Heppell, Director of the Felipe Segovia Chair at UCJC, explains the importance of play and motivation for students' development |url=https://www.ucjc.edu/en/2020/11/stephen-heppell-director-de-la-catedra-felipe-segovia-de-la-ucjc-explica-la-importancia-del-juego-y-la-motivacion-para-la-evolucion-de-los-estudiantes/ |access-date=2021-07-08 |website=Universidad Camilo José Cela |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ta amfani da yawancin ka'idodin ƙira da yake ba da shawara. Wadannan sun hada da amfani da zoning da kayan aiki masu sauri, kula da yanayin ciki kamar [[Temperature|zafin jiki]], matakan haske, saturating CO2, hayaniya, da kuma matakin ganuwa ta sararin samaniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Information and Communications Technology in UK Schools AN INDEPENDENT INQUIRY |url=https://rubble.heppell.net/stevenson/ICT.pdf |website=rubble.heppell.net}}</ref> Heppell kuma an san shi da bayar da shawarar 'koyon mara takalma' don inganta ta'aziyya da kwanciyar hankali a wuraren ilmantarwa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Don't look back in anger? Really? |url=https://www.sec-ed.co.uk/blog/ict-in-education-dont-look-back-in-anger-really/ |access-date=2021-07-08 |website=www.sec-ed.co.uk |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-04-10 |title=The edtech strategy is a great leap backwards |url=https://schoolsweek.co.uk/the-edtech-strategy-is-a-great-leap-but-in-the-wrong-direction/ |access-date=2021-07-08 |website=Schools Week}}</ref> == Sauran sha'awar sana'a == Heppell ya daina koyarwa a shekarar 2010, amma har yanzu yana ba da ayyukan ba da shawara ta hanyar kamfaninsa, heppell.net<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-11-16 |title=Stephen Heppell, Director of the Felipe Segovia Chair at UCJC, explains the importance of play and motivation for students' development |url=https://www.ucjc.edu/en/2020/11/stephen-heppell-director-de-la-catedra-felipe-segovia-de-la-ucjc-explica-la-importancia-del-juego-y-la-motivacion-para-la-evolucion-de-los-estudiantes/ |access-date=2021-07-08 |website=Universidad Camilo José Cela |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> wanda ya kafa a shekarar 2005. Kamfanin yana ba da shawara ga gwamnatoci, hukumomin ƙasa da ƙasa, kamfanoni (gami da [[GEMS Education|Gems Education]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Information and Communications Technology in UK Schools AN INDEPENDENT INQUIRY |url=https://rubble.heppell.net/stevenson/ICT.pdf |website=rubble.heppell.net}}</ref> da Educationurious), makarantu da al'ummomi, a cikin kalmominsa, "su inganta koyo." Heppell memba ne na kafa [[Teachers TV]] kuma ya kasance memba na kwamitin gudanarwa na Skillset da Digital Jersey da kuma zama shugaban zartarwa na Learning Possibilities.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-04-10 |title=The edtech strategy is a great leap backwards |url=https://schoolsweek.co.uk/the-edtech-strategy-is-a-great-leap-but-in-the-wrong-direction/ |access-date=2021-07-08 |website=Schools Week}}</ref> Shi memba ne na [[British Academy of Film and Television Arts|BAFTA]] <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-11-16 |title=Stephen Heppell, Director of the Felipe Segovia Chair at UCJC, explains the importance of play and motivation for students' development |url=https://www.ucjc.edu/en/2020/11/stephen-heppell-director-de-la-catedra-felipe-segovia-de-la-ucjc-explica-la-importancia-del-juego-y-la-motivacion-para-la-evolucion-de-los-estudiantes/ |access-date=2021-07-08 |website=Universidad Camilo José Cela |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> kuma ya jagoranci Jury na Fasaha na Fasaha<ref>{{Cite web |title=Information and Communications Technology in UK Schools AN INDEPENDENT INQUIRY |url=https://rubble.heppell.net/stevenson/ICT.pdf |website=rubble.heppell.net}}</ref> kuma ya zama memba na majalisar tsakanin 2009 da 2016 da kuma zama a kwamitin fina-finai nata. == Kyaututtuka == 2005 Kyautar Alƙalai ta Royal Television Society don Ayyukan Rayuwa ga watsa shirye-shiryen Ilimi<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-11-16 |title=Stephen Heppell, Director of the Felipe Segovia Chair at UCJC, explains the importance of play and motivation for students' development |url=https://www.ucjc.edu/en/2020/11/stephen-heppell-director-de-la-catedra-felipe-segovia-de-la-ucjc-explica-la-importancia-del-juego-y-la-motivacion-para-la-evolucion-de-los-estudiantes/ |access-date=2021-07-08 |website=Universidad Camilo José Cela |language=en |archive-date=2021-07-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709190545/https://www.ucjc.edu/en/2020/11/stephen-heppell-director-de-la-catedra-felipe-segovia-de-la-ucjc-explica-la-importancia-del-juego-y-la-motivacion-para-la-evolucion-de-los-estudiantes/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kyautar BETT ta 2008 don Kyakkyawan Nasarar Ilimi na ICT<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-11-16 |title=Stephen Heppell, Director of the Felipe Segovia Chair at UCJC, explains the importance of play and motivation for students' development |url=https://www.ucjc.edu/en/2020/11/stephen-heppell-director-de-la-catedra-felipe-segovia-de-la-ucjc-explica-la-importancia-del-juego-y-la-motivacion-para-la-evolucion-de-los-estudiantes/ |access-date=2021-07-08 |website=Universidad Camilo José Cela |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> 2014 NAACE Lifetime Achievement Award don fasahar ilimi. == Rayuwa ta mutum == Ya auri malamin Carole Chapman kuma yana da 'ya'ya uku. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 3a9rmfeyzek4undbm8maj3wfz7h0gtu 0 123608 830062 749065 2026-05-05T09:55:59Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 830062 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sonia Szurma-Woodward''' (born Oksana Szurma; born 10 August 1950),<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Peter Sutcliffe |url=http://www.killers.wadum.dk/archive/s/sutcliffe/file.htm |access-date=10 May 2020 |website=www.killers.wadum.dk }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> known as '''Sonia Sutcliffe''', is the former wife of the British serial killer [[Peter Sutcliffe]]. == Aure ga Peter Sutcliffe == Sonia ta auri Peter William Sutcliffe a ranar 10 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1974, ranar haihuwarta ta 24, <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Peter Sutcliffe |url=http://www.killers.wadum.dk/archive/s/sutcliffe/file.htm |access-date=10 May 2020 |website=www.killers.wadum.dk }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> shekaru biyu bayan ta fara magani don [[Hauka|schizophrenia]]. Lokacin da ta gano cewa ba za ta iya samun yara ba saboda zubar da ciki na baya sai ta koma karatu don zama malama. [ana buƙatar ƙa'ida]{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=March 2023}}<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)">citation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> Dangantakarta da mijinta daga baya marubucin Gordon Burn ya nuna shi a matsayin mai iko, tare da Sonia da ke son bugawa shi "kamar wani ɗan makaranta mara kyau". Lokacin da aka sami mijinta da laifin kisan mata da yawa a 1981, Sonia ta kasance a aurensa kuma ta ci gaba da zama a gidan aurensu na Bradford. Sun rabu a kusa da 1989 kuma sun sake aure a watan Yulin 1994 bisa dalilin rashin hankali. Barbara Jones, wata 'yar jarida wacce ke da tattaunawa da yawa tare da Sonia, ta bayyana Sonia a matsayin mutum mafi banƙyama, mafi banƙasa, kuma mafi sanyi da ta taɓa haɗuwa da shi. Jones ya lura cewa Sonia tana da matukar damuwa kuma tana da bukata. == Shari'ar tsegumi game da Private Eye''Ido na sirri'' == A watan Mayu na shekara ta 1989, wani yunkuri na tsegumi a kan mujallar satirical Private Eye, wanda Sutcliffe ya kawo, ya zo kotu. An yanke shawarar kai karar ne jim kadan kafin iyakance irin waɗannan ayyukan, sannan shekaru shida, sun ƙare. Wannan shari'ar ta shafi wata kasida ta Janairu 1981 wacce ta ba da cikakken bayani game da yunkurin da ta yi na yin yarjejeniyar kudi tare da jaridu kuma ta yi iƙirarin cewa tana ƙoƙarin samun riba daga laifukan mijinta. Private Eye ya yarda a lokacin cewa ya yi kurakurai biyu a cikin labarin, amma mai shigar da kara (Sutcliffe) ya ki amincewa da tayin gyara.<ref name="Greenslade" /> A ƙarshen shari'ar a ranar 24 ga Mayu, an ba Sutcliffe kyautar lalacewar laifuka a kan mujallar na £ 600,000, ko £ 100,000 fiye da mafi girman adadin da ya gabata. Editan, Ian Hislop, ya bayyana cewa "Idan wannan adalci ne, ni ayaba ce", kuma ya sanar da niyyarsa ta daukaka kara. An kafa asusun da ake kira "Bananaballs" don biyan kuɗin shari'ar daukaka kara kuma an rage lalacewar zuwa £ 60,000.<ref>General Register Office; United Kingdom; Volume: 4; Page: 0531</ref> Sauran jaridu biyu da Sutcliffe ya kai karar, Daily Express da Daily Star, sun zauna tare da ita a waje da kotu. Wata jarida wacce ta kasance wani bangare na shari'arta, News of the World⁠, ba ta zauna ba. Lokacin da shari'ar ta zo kotu a watan Disamba na shekara ta 1990, an bayyana cikakkun bayanai wanda ya nuna cewa ta amfana da kudi daga laifukan mijinta. A kotu, George Carman, QC na jaridar, ya bayyana ta a matsayin "ta rawa a kan kaburbura na wadanda mijinta ya kashe".[1] Masu juri sun sami News of the World, kuma an umarce ta da ta biya Kudin shari'a na bangarorin biyu.[2][3] == Rayuwa ta baya == Bayan kisan Szurma da Sutcliffe, Szurma ta auri mai gyaran gashi Michael Woodward a ranar 2 ga Mayu 1997. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1950]] dxkcnq08akwpr43d3w3ap3a8ge2o8u3 0 123708 829783 749303 2026-05-05T02:28:35Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 3 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829783 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Shane Simpson''' AM lauya ne ɗan ƙasar New Zealand da ke zaune a Sydney, Ostiraliya. Ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a fannin fasaha, mallakar fasaha, da kuma dokokin nishaɗi a Ostiraliya, ciki har da kafa Cibiyar Shari'a ta Fasaha ta Ostiraliya, rubuta littattafai kan fannoni na mallakar fasaha, fasaha, da dokokin nishaɗi, da kuma yin aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara da kuma samar da rahotanni kan haƙƙin mallaka da dokokin fasaha ga gwamnati. Ya kuma ba da gudummawa ga ƙungiyoyi daban-daban na al'adu. == Ilimi == Simpson ya sami digirinsa na farko a fannin shari'a (Honours) a shekarar 1973 daga Jami'ar Auckland . A shekarar 1975 aka ba shi digiri na biyu a fannin shari'a daga wannan jami'ar. == Sana'a == An amince da Simpson a matsayin Lauya a Babbar Kotun New Zealand a shekarar 1973. Ba da daɗewa ba, ya yi ƙaura zuwa Ostiraliya, inda ya koyar a Faculty of Law a Jami'ar New South Wales daga 1974 zuwa 1980 (cikakken lokaci) da kuma 1981-1982 (na ɗan lokaci). [1] A shekarar 1976 aka karɓe shi a matsayin Lauya kuma Lauya na Kotun Koli ta Victoria, a shekarar 1978 a matsayin Lauya na Kotun Koli ta New South Wales, da kuma a shekarar 1986 a matsayin Lauya na Kotun Koli ta New South Wales. A shekarar 1980, tattaunawa da wani mai zane ya sa ya fahimci cewa yawancin mutanen da ke aiki a fannin Fasaha ba su da damar samun shawarwari na ƙwararru kan harkokin shari'a: 'yan fasaha kaɗan ne za su iya biyan kuɗinsu kuma lauyoyi kaɗan ne suka ƙware a fannin. Tare da taimakon tallafin kuɗi daga Majalisar Fasaha ta Ostiraliya, ya yi tafiya a Amurka da Birtaniya don yin bincike kan wani littafi kan masu zane-zane da kuma doka. == Mai kula da mu == Shi ne Mai Kula da Ƙungiyar 'Yan Tawaye, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Board and Staff - Ensemble Offspring |url=http://ensembleoffspring.com/about-us/management/ |access-date=6 October 2020 |website=Ensemble Offspring }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Gidauniyar William Fletcher, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Directors :: William Fletcher Foundation |url=http://www.williamfletcherfoundation.org.au/directors.html |access-date=6 October 2020 |website=www.williamfletcherfoundation.org.au }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Gidauniyar Masu Shirya Fina-finai ta Peggy Glanville Hicks, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Trust |url=https://www.pghcomposershouse.com/trust |access-date=6 October 2020 |website=Peggy Glanville-Hicks Composers' House }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> da Cibiyar Shari'a ta Fasaha ta Ostiraliya <ref>{{Cite web |title=2012 Annual Report |url=https://www.artslaw.com.au/images/uploads/AReport-Web.pdf |access-date=6 October 2020 |website=Arts Law Centre of Australia}}</ref> == Lambobin yabo da girmamawa == A shekarar 2011, an nada Simpson a matsayin memba na Order of Australia (AM) <ref name="honours">{{Cite web |title=Award Extract - Australian Honours Search Facility |url=https://honours.pmc.gov.au/honours/awards/1144311 |access-date=27 July 2020 |website=Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet |publisher=Australian Government}}</ref> saboda hidimarsa ga doka da fasaha ta hanyar manyan mukamai a fannin mallakar fasaha da dokokin nishaɗi, da kuma a matsayin mai ba da gudummawa ga ƙungiyoyin al'adu daban-daban. == Rubuce-rubuce == Simpson ya yi rubuce-rubuce sosai kan batutuwan shari'a da suka shafi fasaha, kiɗa da kadarorin al'adu. Kwanan nan ya rubuta "Borders of Culture", wani bita mai zaman kansa ga Gwamnatin Ostiraliya kan kare al'adun gargajiya masu motsi a Ostiraliya. Manyan wallafe-wallafen sun haɗa da: == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] qkrgb5vusokpekf89x2yfe85u7px7ci 0 124139 829914 818079 2026-05-05T06:05:02Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829914 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Shoukry Hassan Sayed farfesa ne na Masar na lissafi a Sashen Lissafi, Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Bahrain . Ya kasance tsohon Shugaban Sashen Lissafi, [[Jami'ar Sarki Abdulaziz]], [[Jeddah|Jedda]], [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudi Arabia]] . Shi ɗan'uwan Cibiyar Kimiyya ce (London) kuma zaɓaɓɓen memba ne na Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Afirka . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Prof. Shoukry Sayed Hassan.pdf |url=https://drive.google.com/file/d/1FSqhEqDUau7nUnUCpILQnXwKSd3ADFJB/view?usp=sharing&usp=embed_facebook |access-date=2022-06-23 |website=Google Docs}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Hassan Shoukry Sayed {{!}} The AAS |url=https://www.aasciences.africa/fellow/hassan-shoukry-sayed |access-date=2022-06-23 |website=www.aasciences.africa }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Who's Who in Sciences |url=https://sciences-m.academickeys.com/whoswho.php?dothis=display&folk |access-date=2022-06-23 |website=sciences-m.academickeys.com}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Shoukry Hassan Sayed a ranar 16 ga Disamba 1945 a [[Kairo|Alkahira]], [[Misra|Misira]] . Ya sami B. Sc, digiri na musamman a lissafi daga [[Jami'ar Ain Shams]], Alkahira a shekarar 1967. Ya koma [[Ingila]] don samun digirinsa na PhD daga Jami'ar Manchester a 1976 kuma ya sami digirinsa a 1993 daga wannan ma'aikatar.<ref name=":0"/><ref name=":1"/><ref name=":2"/> == Ayyuka == Shoukry Hassan Sayed ya fara aikinsa nan da nan bayan digiri na farko a 1967 a matsayin mai nuna lissafi a Sashen Lissafi, [[Jami'ar Ain Shams]] . Bayan ya sami digirinsa na PhD a [[Ingila]] a shekara ta 1976, ya zama mataimakin bincike a Alma mater, Sashen Lissafi, Jami'ar Manchester . A shekara ta 1977, ya kasance Post-Doctoral Fellow a Sashen Physics, Jami'ar Waikato, Hamilton . A shekara ta 1978, ya zama malami a [[Jami'ar Ain Shams]], [[Kairo|Alkahira]] a [[Misra|Misira]] kuma ya zama Mataimakin Farfesa lokacin da yake [[Jami'ar Sarki Abdulaziz]], [[Jeddah|Jedda]], [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudi Arabia]] don hutun Asabar a shekarar 1985. A cikin wannan shekarar, an sanya shi Shugaban Sashen Lissafi na Jami'ar Sarki Abdulaziz, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia . A shekara ta 1992, ya zama cikakken Farfesa na Lissafi.<ref name=":0"/><ref name=":1"/> == Kyaututtuka da membobin == A shekara ta 1981, ya sami lambar yabo ta Jihar Masar a fannin kimiyyar lissafi . Shekara guda bayan haka (1982), an ba shi lambar yabo ta farko ta Masar ta Kimiyya da Fasaha . A cikin [[Landan]] shekarar, ya sami kyautar Bincike mafi kyau a cikin Lissafi daga [[Jami'ar Ain Shams]] [[Kairo|Alkahira]], [[Misra|Misira]] . A shekara ta 1987, ya sami lambar yabo ta Jihar Masar a lissafi kuma a shekara ta 1996, an ba shi lambar yabo ta Masar ta Farko ta Farko da kuma Pendant of Excellence - Class 1 ta ASRT . A shekara ta 2004, an zabe shi a matsayin memba na [[African Academy of Sciences|Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Afirka]] kuma shi ma Fellow ne na Cibiyar Physics (London). <ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=Prof. Shoukry Sayed Hassan.pdf |url=https://drive.google.com/file/d/1FSqhEqDUau7nUnUCpILQnXwKSd3ADFJB/view?usp=sharing&usp=embed_facebook |access-date=2022-06-23 |website=Google Docs}}</ref><ref name=":12">{{Cite web |title=Hassan Shoukry Sayed {{!}} The AAS |url=https://www.aasciences.africa/fellow/hassan-shoukry-sayed |access-date=2022-06-23 |website=www.aasciences.africa }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1945]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] ==manazarta == mpa5lre6pcpsu0rdwjhdc2cd6dk16vz 0 124347 829904 818075 2026-05-05T05:41:12Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829904 wikitext text/x-wiki A [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]] shirin sirri na adireshin yana bawa wadanda suka tsira daga tashin hankali na gida, cin zarafin jima'i, tsinkaye ko wasu nau'ikan aikata laifuka damar ba su adireshin maye gurbin doka wanda ya bambanta da ainihin adireshin zama, don kiyaye wurin su na sirri. Wadanda suka halarci shirin na iya karɓar wasika a adireshin maye gurbin kuma za a tura shi kyauta, kuma suna iya amfani da adireshin maye a cikin bayanan gwamnati.<ref name="Queens">{{Cite web |last=Victoria Merlino |date=1 August 2019 |title=Law enables sex assault, stalking and trafficking survivors to conceal their addresses |url=https://queenseagle.com/all/law-enables-sex-assault-stalking-and-trafficking-survivors-to-conceal-their-addresses |access-date=5 September 2019 |publisher=Queens Eagle}}</ref> A wasu jihohi ko hukunce-hukunce, ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya na haihuwa da ma'aikatan hukumomin da ke taimakawa wadanda suka tsira daga tashin hankali na gida ko cin zarafi suma sun cancanci.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Applicants {{!}} California Secretary of State |url=https://www.sos.ca.gov/registries/safe-home/applicants |access-date=2023-03-28 |website=www.sos.ca.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Address Confidentiality Program {{!}} D.C. Office of Victim Services and Justice Grants |url=https://ovsjg.dc.gov/acp |access-date=2023-03-28 |website=www.ovsjg.dc.gov}}</ref> Wadanda suka tsira yawanci suna amfani da su ta hanyar ofishin Sakataren Gwamnati na jihar, kodayake wasu shirye-shiryen suna gudana ta wasu hukumomin jihar kamar Ofishin Babban Lauyan. Da zarar an shigar da wanda ya tsira cikin shirin, za su sami Akwatin PO da aka ba su ko wani adireshin da zai maye gurbin adireshin zama a kan bayanan jama'a, kamar rajistar jefa kuri'a. A cewar Cibiyar Nazarin Kasa don Ƙarshen Rikicin Cikin Gida,<blockquote>Shirye-shiryen Asirin Adireshin (ACP) da Jerin Masu Zabe na Asirin su ne shirye-shiryen da jihar ke gudanarwa wanda ke ba da damar wadanda ke fama da tashin hankali na gida (kuma wani lokacin wadanda ke fama leitar da jima'i da / ko tsinkaye) su shiga cikin tsarin jefa kuri'a ba tare da tsoron masu cin zarafinsu su same su ba. ACPs gabaɗaya suna ba da adireshin maye gurbin ga duk bayanan jama'a. Jerin masu jefa kuri'a na sirri kawai suna ba da sirri a kan bayanan jama'a masu alaƙa da zabe.</blockquote> == Jihohin da ke da Shirye-shiryen Adireshin Sirri == {| class="wikitable" !State (link to state site) !Voter Registration !Drivers License !School Registration !Other Services !Phone/Contact |- |[https://www.azsos.gov/services/acp '''Arizona'''] |yes |yes |yes |yes |602-542-1653<ref>{{Cite web |title=Address Confidentiality Program {{!}} D.C. Office of Victim Services and Justice Grants |url=https://ovsjg.dc.gov/acp |access-date=2023-03-28 |website=www.ovsjg.dc.gov}}</ref> |- |'''Arkansas''' |no |yes |no |no |501-682-7052<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Indiana ACP |url=https://www.in.gov/attorneygeneral/3093.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150828062535/http://www.in.gov:80/attorneygeneral/3093.htm |archive-date=2015-08-28 |access-date= |website=victimsofcrime.org}}</ref> |- |'''[https://www.sos.ca.gov/registries/safe-home California]''' |yes - by mail |yes |yes |yes |877-322-5227<ref>{{Cite web |title=About Safe at Home - California Secretary of State |url=http://www.sos.ca.gov/registries/safe-home/about-safeathome/ |website=www.sos.ca.gov |access-date=2025-12-25 |archive-date=2024-07-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240719232038/https://www.sos.ca.gov/registries/safe-home/about-safeathome |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |[https://dcs.colorado.gov/acp '''Colorado'''] |yes |yes |yes |yes |303-866-2208<ref>{{Cite web |title=Address Confidentiality Program - DCS |url=https://dcs.colorado.gov/acp |website=www.colorado.gov}}</ref> |- |[https://portal.ct.gov/sots/business-services/acp/address-confidentiality-program '''Connecticut'''] |yes |yes |yes |yes |multiple numbers depending on location<ref>{{Cite web |title=Address Confidentiality Program |url=https://portal.ct.gov/sots/business-services/acp/address-confidentiality-program |publisher=}}</ref> |- |'''Delaware''' |yes |yes |no info |no info |(800) 870-1790<ref>{{Cite web |title=Address Confidentiality Programs - Public Contact Information - California Secretary of State |url=http://www.sos.ca.gov/registries/safe-home/contact/address-confidentiality-programs-public-contact-information/ |website=www.sos.ca.gov}}</ref> |- |'''Florida''' |yes - absentee |yes |no info |no info |(800) 226-6667<ref name=":0" /> |- |[https://sos.idaho.gov/acp/ '''Idaho'''] |yes |yes |yes |yes |(208) 332-2836 |- |[https://illinoisattorneygeneral.gov/safer-communities/supporting-victims-of-crime/address-confidentiality-program/ '''Illinois'''] |yes - absentee |yes |yes |no info |(844) 916-0295<ref>{{Cite web |title=Illinois Attorney General - Illinois Address Confidentiality Program |url=https://illinoisattorneygeneral.gov/victims/address_confidentiality.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200930224001/https://www.illinoisattorneygeneral.gov/victims/address_confidentiality.html |archive-date=2020-09-30 |access-date=2020-10-02 |website=illinoisattorneygeneral.gov}}</ref> |- |[https://www.in.gov/attorneygeneral/about-the-office/appeals/victim-services/address-confidentiality-program/ '''Indiana'''] |yes - absentee |yes |yes |yes |(800) 321-1907<ref>{{Cite web |title=Attorney General: Address Confidentiality Program |url=https://www.in.gov/attorneygeneral/3093.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150828062535/http://www.in.gov/attorneygeneral/3093.htm |archive-date=2015-08-28 |access-date=2019-10-20 |website=www.in.gov}}</ref> |- |'''[https://safeathome.iowa.gov/ Iowa]''' |yes - absentee |yes |yes |yes |(515) 725-7233<ref>{{Cite web |title=Safe at Home |url=https://safeathome.iowa.gov/pdf/Brochure.pdf}}</ref> |- |'''[https://ag.ks.gov/victim-services/safe-at-home Kansas]{{Dead link|date=February 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}''' |yes |yes |yes |yes |(785) 296-3806<ref name=":0" /> |- |'''[https://sos.ky.gov/elections/ACP/Pages/default.aspx Kentucky] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240223130857/https://www.sos.ky.gov/elections/ACP/Pages/default.aspx |date=2024-02-23 }}''' |yes - absentee |no |no |no |(502) 564-3490<ref name=":0" /> |- |'''[https://www.sos.la.gov/OurOffice/AddressConfidentialityProgram/Pages/default.aspx Louisiana]''' |yes - absentee |yes |yes |yes |800.825.3805<ref>{{Cite web |title=Address Confidentiality Program |url=https://www.sos.la.gov/OurOffice/AddressConfidentialityProgram/Pages/default.aspx |access-date=2018-02-07 |website=www.sos.la.gov |language=en-us}}</ref> |- |'''[http://www.maine.gov/sos/acp/index.html Maine]''' |yes - absentee |no info |yes |yes |(207) 626-8400 |- |'''[http://sos.maryland.gov/ACP/Pages/default.aspx Maryland]''' |yes |yes |yes |no info |410-260-3875 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Safe At Home |url=http://sos.maryland.gov/ACP/Pages/default.aspx |access-date=2018-02-07 |website=sos.maryland.gov |language=en-us}}</ref> |- |'''[https://www.sec.state.ma.us/divisions/acp/address-confidentiality-program.htm Massachusetts]''' |yes |yes |yes |no info |1-866-SAFE-ADD<ref>{{Cite web |title=Address Confidentiality Program |url=https://www.sec.state.ma.us/divisions/acp/address-confidentiality-program.htm |access-date=2023-02-18 |website=www.sec.state.ma.us}}</ref> |- |'''[http://mi.gov/agacp Michigan]''' |yes |yes |yes |yes |313-456-0190<ref>{{Cite web |title=Address Confidentiality Program |url=https://www.michigan.gov/ag/initiatives/address-confidentiality/acp-applicants |access-date=}}</ref> |- |'''[http://www.sos.state.mn.us/safe-at-home/about-safe-at-home/ Minnesota]''' |yes - by mail |separate application |yes |yes |(866) 723-3035<ref name=":0" /> |- |'''[https://www.ago.state.ms.us/divisions/bureau-of-victim-assistance/ Mississippi]''' |yes |yes |yes |no info |(800) 829-6766<ref name=":0" /> |- |'''[https://s1.sos.mo.gov/business/safeathome/ Missouri]''' |yes |yes |yes |yes |(866) 509-1409<ref>{{Cite web |last=IT |first=Missouri Secretary of State - |title=Safe at Home |url=https://s1.sos.mo.gov/business/safeathome/ |access-date=2018-02-07 |website=s1.sos.mo.gov |language=en-US}}</ref> |- |'''[https://dojmt.gov/victims/address-confidentiality-program/ Montana]''' |yes |no info |no info |no info |1-800-498-6455 |- |'''[http://www.sos.ne.gov/business/acp_menu.html Nebraska]''' |yes - early voting |yes |yes |no info |(866) 227-6327<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nebraska Secretary of State |url=http://www.sos.ne.gov/business/acp_menu.html |access-date=2018-02-07 |website=www.sos.ne.gov}}</ref> |- |'''[http://dcfs.nv.gov/Programs/CAP/ConfidentialAddressProgram/ Nevada]''' |yes - absentee |yes |yes |yes |888-432-6189<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Nevada Department of Health & Human Services Division of Child & Family Services : Confidential Address Program FAQ |url=http://dcfs.nv.gov/Programs/CAP/FAQ/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180126001945/http://dcfs.nv.gov:80/Programs/CAP/FAQ/ |archive-date=2018-01-26 |access-date=2018-02-07 |website=nvsos.gov |language=en}}</ref> |- |'''[https://www.doj.nh.gov/criminal/victim-assistance/address-confidentiality.htm New Hampshire]''' |yes - absentee |yes |yes |yes |(603) 271-1240<ref>{{Cite web |title=Address Confidentiality FAQ {{!}} Victim Services {{!}} NH Department of Justice |url=https://www.doj.nh.gov/criminal/victim-assistance/address-confidentiality-faq.htm |access-date=2018-02-07 |website=www.doj.nh.gov}}</ref> |- |'''[http://www.njcedv.org/privacy-confidentiality/ New Jersey]{{Dead link|date=February 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}''' |yes |no info |no info |no info |1 (877) 218-9133<ref>{{Cite web |title=DCF - State of New Jersey |url=http://www.nj.gov/dcf/women/domestic/dvawarenessmonth.html}}</ref> |- |'''[https://www.sos.state.nm.us/safe-at-home/ New Mexico]''' |yes - absentee |no info |no info |no info |1-800-477-3632<ref>{{Cite web |title=CAP Q & A |url=http://www.sos.state.nm.us/Voter_Information/cap-q-a.aspx |access-date=2018-02-07 |website=www.sos.state.nm.us}}</ref> |- |'''[https://dos.ny.gov/address-confidentiality New York]''' |yes |yes |yes |yes |(855) 350-4595<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Contact ACP |url=https://www.dos.ny.gov/acp/contact.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121208153747/http://www.dos.ny.gov:80/acp/contact.html |archive-date=2012-12-08 |access-date=2018-02-08 |website=www.dos.ny.gov}}</ref> |- |'''[https://ncdoj.gov/public-protection/address-confidentiality-program/ North Carolina] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251009132003/https://ncdoj.gov/public-protection/address-confidentiality-program/ |date=2025-10-09 }}''' |yes |yes |yes |yes |(919) 716-6785 |- |'''[https://www.sos.state.oh.us/secretary-office/office-initiatives/safe-at-home/ Ohio]''' |yes |yes |yes |yes |(614) 995-2255<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Safe at Home - Victims - Ohio Secretary of State |url=https://www.sos.state.oh.us/globalassets/publications/agency/safeathome.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191007041409/https://www.sos.state.oh.us/globalassets/publications/agency/safeathome.pdf |archive-date=2019-10-07 |access-date=2018-02-08 |website=www.sos.state.oh.us |language=en-US}}</ref> |- |'''[http://www.oag.ok.gov/address-confidentiality-program-acp Oklahoma]''' |yes - absentee |yes |yes |yes |(866) 227-7784 |- |'''[https://www.doj.state.or.us/crime-victims/victims-resources/victims-services/address-confidentiality-program-acp/ Oregon]''' |yes |yes |yes |yes |503-373-1323 |- |'''[https://www.ova.pa.gov/SafetyandSupport/Address%20Confidentiality/Pages/default.aspx Pennsylvania]''' |yes |yes |yes |yes |1.800.563.6399<ref>{{Cite web |title=ACP FAQs |url=http://www.paacp.pa.gov/GettingtoKnowACP/FAQs/Pages/default.aspx |access-date=2018-02-11 |website=www.paacp.pa.gov |language=en-us }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> |- |'''[https://www.sos.ri.gov/AddressConfidentialityProgram Rhode Island]''' |yes |no |no |no |1-877-218-9133 |- |'''[https://www.texasattorneygeneral.gov/cvs/the-address-confidentiality-program-acp Texas]''' |yes - by mail |yes |yes |yes |1-888-832-2322 <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Crime Victims - The Address Confidentiality Program (ACP) |url=https://www.texasattorneygeneral.gov/crime-victims/services-crime-victims/address-confidentiality-program |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225184151/https://www.texasattorneygeneral.gov/crime-victims/services-crime-victims/address-confidentiality-program |archive-date=2018-12-25 |access-date=2018-02-11 |website=www.texasattorneygeneral.gov |language=en}}</ref> |- |Utah |yes |yes |yes |yes |(801) 538-1600 |- |'''[https://sos.vermont.gov/secretary-of-state-services/safe-at-home Vermont]''' |yes - absentee |yes |yes |yes |802-828-0586<ref>{{Cite web |title=Safe at Home {{!}} Home {{!}} Vermont Secretary of State |url=https://www.sec.state.vt.us/safe-at-home.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180213195130/https://www.sec.state.vt.us/safe-at-home.aspx |archive-date=2018-02-13 |access-date=2018-02-13 |website=www.sec.state.vt.us |language=en}}</ref> |- |'''[https://www.oag.state.va.us/programs-initiatives/domestic-violence/address-confidentiality-program Virginia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231008055655/https://www.oag.state.va.us/programs-initiatives/domestic-violence/address-confidentiality-program |date=2023-10-08 }}''' |yes - limited confidentiality |yes |yes |yes |804-786-2071<ref>{{Cite web |title=Attorney General of Virginia |url=https://www.oag.state.va.us/programs-initiatives/domestic-violence/address-confidentiality-program |access-date=2018-02-12 |website=www.oag.state.va.us |language=en-gb |archive-date=2018-02-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180213135301/https://www.oag.state.va.us/programs-initiatives/domestic-violence/address-confidentiality-program |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |'''[https://www.sos.wa.gov/acp/ Washington]''' |yes |yes |yes |yes |(360) 753-2972 |- |'''[https://ovsjg.dc.gov/acp Washington, D.C.]''' |yes |yes |yes |yes |(844) 443-5732 |- |'''[https://sos.wv.gov/admin-law/Pages/ACP.aspx West Virginia]''' |yes |yes |yes |yes |1-866-767-8683<ref>{{Cite web |title=Address Confidentiality Program |url=https://sos.wv.gov/public-services/acp/Pages/acp.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180213135407/https://sos.wv.gov/public-services/acp/Pages/acp.aspx |archive-date=2018-02-13 |access-date=2018-02-13 |website=sos.wv.gov |language=en-us}}</ref> |- |'''[https://www.doj.state.wi.us/ocvs/safe-home Wisconsin]''' |yes - separate application<ref>{{Cite web |title=Voting {{!}} Wisconsin Department of Justice |url=https://www.doj.state.wi.us/ocvs/voting |access-date=2018-02-13 |website=www.doj.state.wi.us}}</ref> |yes |yes |yes |(608) 266-6613<ref>{{Cite web |title=Safe At Home {{!}} Wisconsin Department of Justice |url=https://www.doj.state.wi.us/ocvs/safe-home |access-date=2018-02-13 |website=www.doj.state.wi.us}}</ref> |} Dokokin da ke aiwatar da Dokar Sirrin Bankin suna buƙatar ma'aikatar kuɗi don aiwatar da Shirin Bayyana Abokin Ciniki wanda ya haɗa da hanyoyin da ke ba shi damar samar da imani mai ma'ana cewa ya san ainihin ainihin abokan cinikinsa. Dokokin kuma suna buƙatar cewa ma'aikatar kuɗi ta sami adireshin titin zama ko kasuwanci daga kowane abokin ciniki. Abin takaici, adireshin maye gurbin a ƙarƙashin Shirin Asirin Adireshin bai cika ka'idoji ba. Cibiyar Kula da Laifukan Kudi ta ba da wasika don taimakawa halin da ake ciki. Dokokin Cibiyar Kula da Laifukan Kudi sun kuma ba da izini: "Idan kowane abokin ciniki ba shi da adireshin zama ko na titin kasuwanci, to, dokoki suna ba da izinin kowane abokin ciniki don samar da " adireshin titin zama ko na kasuwanci na kusa da dangi ko na wani mutum. " A cikin FIN-2009-R003, Cibiyar Kula da Laifukan Kudi ta gano: "Abokin ciniki wanda ya shiga cikin ACP da aka kirkira za a bi da shi kamar yadda ba shi da adireshin titin zama ko kasuwanci da kuma sakataren jihar, ko wani bangare na jihar da ke aiki a matsayin wakilin abokin ciniki wanda ya dace da ka'idodin ACP, zai yi aiki a matsayin wani mutum don bin ka'idodin FinCEN. Saboda haka, ya kamata ma'aikatar kudi ta tattara adireshin tituna na hukumar tallafawa ta ACP don biyan bukatun ta CIP. " == Cutar coronavirus 2020 == A ranar 23 ga Satumba, 2020, Gwamnan California, [[Gavin Newsom]] ya sanya hannu kan umarnin zartarwa N-80-20 An adana 2020-12-15 a Wayback Machine wanda ke ba da damar jami'an kiwon lafiya na gida da jami'an lafiyar jama'a su shiga shirin Safe at Home na jihar, saboda kasancewarsu "sun kasancewar barazanar barazana da sauran tsangwama, gami da barazanar da cin zarafin da aka yi a wuraren zama, wanda ke barazanar sanyaya aikin ayyukansu masu mahimmanci".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Applicants {{!}} California Secretary of State |url=https://www.sos.ca.gov/registries/safe-home/applicants |access-date=2023-03-28 |website=www.sos.ca.gov}}</ref> == Dubi kuma == * [[Tashin hankali na gida|Rikicin cikin gida]] * Bayani game da tashin hankali a cikin gida == Manazarta == 05v40vmoqruzcdi5upen1ri5h7a4kfj 0 124376 829630 751151 2026-05-04T17:44:51Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829630 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Safwan Thabet''' (Arabic; an haife shi a shekara ta 1946) ɗan kasuwa ne na Masar, kuma wanda ya kafa kamfanin madara Juhayna Food Industries . <ref name="y7">{{Cite web |title=ألاعيب صفوان والإخوان داخل جهينة.. حفيد المرشد يتحايل على طريقة الجماعة للحفاظ على وجود التنظيم بالمجموعة.. استقالة جوفاء وخروج صورى لإبقاء 3 خلايا نائمة ومليارات فى خدمة الإرهاب.. فلماذا لا يتدخل القانون بحزم؟ |url=https://www.youm7.com/story/2021/1/24/%D8%A3%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A8-%D8%B5%D9%81%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%84-%D8%AC%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A9-%D8%AD%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%B4%D8%AF-%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%84-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%B7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%82%D8%A9/5172700 |access-date=5 June 2022 |website=[[Youm7]] |language=ar}}</ref><ref name="mee">{{Cite web |title=Egypt: Calls to release Safwan Thabet as wife fights for life |url=https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/egypt-calls-release-safwan-thabet-wife-fights-life |access-date=5 June 2022 |website=[[Middle East Eye]]}}</ref> Safwan Thabet shi ne jikan shugaban na biyu na 'yan uwa Musulmi na Masar Hassan al-Hudaybi (ɗan 'yarsa), wanda ya jagoranci kungiyar a zamanin Nasser kuma ɗan'uwan Ma'mun al-Hadaybi, Janar Jagora na shida na 'yan uwantaka tsakanin 2002 da 2004.<ref name="aman">{{Cite web |title="صفوان ثابت".. رحلة رجل الألبان المتهم بـ"دعم الإرهاب" |url=http://www.aman-dostor.org/show.aspx?id=34106 |access-date=5 June 2022 |website=aman-dostor.org |language=ar }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Kamawa == Kotunan Masar sun daskare dukiyarsa tun daga 2015 (sai dai wadanda ke Juhayna tunda kamfani ne da aka jera a fili) kuma an kama shi a watan Disamba na 2020 kan zargin samar da tallafin kungiyar ta'addanci. Masu gabatar da kara na Masar sun kiyasta dukiyarsa a shekarar 2015 zuwa kusan fam biliyan bakwai na Masar, kusan daidai da dala miliyan 900 a lokacin. Bayan kama shi, dansa Seif ya fara gudanar da kamfanin, kafin a kama shi a watan Fabrairun 2021. Duk da kama shi, Thabet da iyalinsa sun sami damar ci gaba da kula da kamfanin madara ta hanyar rikice-rikice na mallaka da kuma cibiyar ma'aikata na ciki duk suna da alaƙa da iyali.<ref name="y72">{{Cite web |title=ألاعيب صفوان والإخوان داخل جهينة.. حفيد المرشد يتحايل على طريقة الجماعة للحفاظ على وجود التنظيم بالمجموعة.. استقالة جوفاء وخروج صورى لإبقاء 3 خلايا نائمة ومليارات فى خدمة الإرهاب.. فلماذا لا يتدخل القانون بحزم؟ |url=https://www.youm7.com/story/2021/1/24/%D8%A3%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A8-%D8%B5%D9%81%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%84-%D8%AC%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A9-%D8%AD%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%B4%D8%AF-%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%84-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%B7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%82%D8%A9/5172700 |access-date=5 June 2022 |website=[[Youm7]] |language=ar}}</ref> An saki Thabet da ɗansa a watan Janairun 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Egyptian business tycoon Safwan Thabet, son detained over terror charges released: Family |url=https://english.ahram.org.eg/News/484662.aspx |access-date=2023-01-28 |website=[[Al-Ahram|Ahram Online]]}}</ref> [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1946]] ==manazarta == pq02ii01op8tbl68vlhioy178gigfhn 0 124771 829623 752414 2026-05-04T15:45:33Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829623 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Waterfall, Strath Creek''''' wani zane ne mai mai na shekarar 1862 wanda mai zane na Austria Eugene von Guerard ya yi. Aikin yana cikin tarin Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na New South Wales kuma an saya shi a shekarar 1967.<ref name="Waterfall, Strath Creek, (1862) by Eugene von Guérard - The Collection - Art Gallery NSW">{{Cite web |title=Waterfall, Strath Creek, (1862) by Eugene von Guérard - The Collection - Art Gallery NSW |url=https://www.artgallery.nsw.gov.au/collection/works/OA3.1967/ |access-date=4 September 2017 |website=[[Art Gallery of New South Wales]] |publisher=[[Government of New South Wales]]}}</ref> Yana nuna [[Strath Creek Falls|Ruwan Strath Creek]], wani ruwan da ke cikin Dajin Jihar Disappointment a jihar Victoria ta Ostiraliya.<ref name="Government of Victoria - Imants Tillers - Panorama: A Question of Perspective - Culture Victoria">{{Cite web |title=Imants Tillers - Panorama: A Question of Perspective - Culture Victoria |url=https://cv.vic.gov.au/stories/creative-life/panorama-a-question-of-perspective/imants-tillers/ |access-date=5 September 2017 |website=[[Culture Victoria]] |publisher=[[Government of Victoria]] |archive-date=5 September 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170905140930/https://cv.vic.gov.au/stories/creative-life/panorama-a-question-of-perspective/imants-tillers/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Zane na 1980 Wani ruwan sama mai ambaliya (Strath Creek) na mai zane-zanen Australiya William Delafield Cook wanda ya lashe kyautar Wynne ta wannan shekarar ya bayyana tasirin zanen a matsayin "Na sami wurin da ya zauna don yin zane-zanensa ... Ruwan sama mai ambaliya kusan daidai yake da hoton von Guérard. Yana Strath Creek a ranar 14 ga Janairu 1862; na kasance a wurin a ranar 23 ga Janairu 1980."[1] Wani aiki da mai zane Imants Tillers ya yi a shekarar 1989 mai suna ''Untitled (Deaf)'' ya yi amfani da ''Waterfall, Strath Creek'' don magance "matsalar da ke damun asalin Australiya"<ref name="Government of Victoria - Imants Tillers - Panorama: A Question of Perspective - Culture Victoria"/> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} ccao474gbpejgd581y5hk2exzn65d1w 0 125027 829898 828664 2026-05-05T05:21:26Z Em-mustapha 6594 Em-mustapha moved page [[Carrie (fim na 2002)]] to [[Carrie (fim a 2002)]] without leaving a redirect 828664 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Carrie''''' fim ne mai ban tsoro na talabijin na shekara ta 2002, wanda ya samo asali ne daga littafin [[Stephen King]] na shekara ta 1974. Shi ne fim na biyu da aka yi amfani da shi kuma sake tunanin littafin, kuma fim na uku a cikin Carrie franchise. Bryan Fuller ne ya rubuta fim din, wanda David Carson ya jagoranta, kuma taurari Angela Bettis ne suka taka rawar gani. A cikin labarin, Carrie White, yarinya mai jin kunya wacce abokan makarantar ta tsananta mata, ta ɓace kuma jerin abubuwan da suka faru sun nuna abin da ya faru da ita. Kayan haɗin gwiwar kasa da kasa tsakanin Kanada da Amurka, Trilogy Entertainment Group da MGM Television ne suka samar da ''Carrie'' bisa buƙatar gidan talabijin na [[NBC]]. An yi fim a [[Vancouver]], an ba da izini a matsayin fasalin da ke tsaye ta hanyar cibiyar sadarwa amma ɗakunan sun yi niyyar su a matsayin matukin jirgi na baya don yiwuwar jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin. An canza ƙarshen littafin daidai da haka, amma ba a taɓa samar da jerin abubuwan da suka biyo baya ba. Fim din ya fara ne a NBC a ranar 4 ga Nuwamba, 2002, lokacin da mutane miliyan 12.21 suka kalli shi. Duk da karɓar gabatarwa don Kyautar Saturn don Kyautar Talabijin mafi kyau a 29th Saturn Awards da Kyautar American Society of Cinematographers don Kyautar Kyautattun Ayyuka a Cinematography a Motion Picture, Limited Series, ko Pilot Made for Television a 2002 American Society of Cinematographers Awards, masu sukar sun kaddamar da fim din. An soki shi saboda mummunan sakamako na musamman, rashin yanayi mai ban tsoro, da kuma dogon lokaci; duk da haka, wasan kwaikwayon daga simintin, musamman Bettis da Patricia Clarkson, an yaba da su sosai. == Makirci == 'Yan sanda sun yi hira da mutane da yawa, ciki har da ɗaliban makarantar sakandare Sue Snell da malamin motsa jiki Rita Desjarden. Detective John Mulcahey yana binciken bacewar wani dalibi na makarantar sakandare kuma wanda ake zargi da konewa, Carrie White. Wadannan tambayoyin sun bayyana abubuwan da suka gabata. Mako guda kafin bikin a makarantar sakandare ta Ewen, Carrie White yarinya ce mai kaɗaici, mai jin kunya wacce sanannun 'yan mata ke zaluntawa, musamman Chris Hargensen da Tina Blake. Bayan aji na motsa jiki, lokacin da Carrie ke da lokacinta na farko yayin wanka, 'yan mata sun kai mata hari kuma sun kunyata ta har sai Ms. Desjarden ta shiga tsakani kuma ta'azantar da Carrie. Shugaban Morton ya yanke shawarar tura Carrie gida amma ya kira ta da sunan da ba daidai ba. Carrie mai fushi ta yi ihu, ta sa teburin Morton ya motsa inci da yawa. Lokacin da take komawa gida, wani yaro a kan keke ya kusanci Carrie, wanda ba'a ba daidai ba ne lokacin da ya tashi daga kekensa ba tare da bayani ba kuma ya fadi cikin itace. Lokacin da ta isa gidanta, Carrie tana da flashback game da yarinta. Mahaifiyarta mai tsattsauran ra'ayi, Margaret White, wacce ke ɗaukar haila alama ce ta zunubi na jima'i, ta kulle Carrie a cikin "kayan addu'a" a matsayin horo. Kashegari, Ms. Desjarden ta ba 'yan mata mako guda a tsare saboda cin zarafin Carrie. Idan wani daga cikinsu ya tsallake tsare, za a dakatar da su sabili da haka a dakatar da shi daga bikin. Chris ne kawai ya ki yin biyayya, don haka an dakatar da ita daga bikin. Bayan mahaifin Chris John Hargensen, lauya, ya yi ƙoƙari ya soke haramcin, sai ta nemi saurayinta Billy Nolan don ɗaukar fansa a kan Carrie. A halin yanzu, Carrie ta gano cewa tana da telekinesis, ikon motsa abubuwa da hankalinta. Bayan wani labari na telekinetic a cikin aji, Carrie ta koma gida kuma ta horar da baiwarta. Sue, wacce ke jin nadama game da azabtar da Carrie, ta nemi saurayinta Tommy Ross ya kai Carrie zuwa bikin. Tare da wasu firgici, Carrie ta yarda. Lokacin da ta gaya wa mahaifiyarta game da gayyatar bikin, Margaret ta hana ta tafi. A ƙarshe, an zuga Carrie ta yi amfani da ikonta don fuskantar mahaifiyarta kuma Margaret da alama ta ba da gudummawa. A daren biki, Tina ta sauya kuri'un gabatarwa tare da na karya don a zabi Carrie da Tommy a matsayin Sarauniya da Sarki. Yayin da Tommy da Carrie suka ɗauki matsayinsu a kan mataki, Chris, wanda ke ɓoye a cikin katako tare da Billy, ya ja igiya, wanda ya sa guga na jinin alade ya faɗi a kan Carrie. Chris ya saki igiyar kuma guga ta fadi a kan Tommy, ta kashe shi. Carrie ta shiga cikin rikici mai ban tsoro kuma ta kulle kowa a cikin dakin motsa jiki don fara fansa a makaranta. A cikin trance, Carrie ta girgiza dukan dakin, ta haifar da fitilu su faɗi kuma su haskaka, suna murkushewa da kashe mutane yayin da suke ƙoƙarin guduwa, yayin da haske ɗaya ya fadi kuma ya fara wuta. Tsarin sprinkler yana aiki, kuma lokacin da Carrie ta saukar da allon lantarki don buga bene mai laushi, yana aika da wutar lantarki ga kowa da kowa a cikin dakin motsa jiki, yana kashe su duka, sai dai 'yan dalibai da suka tsere ta hanyar iska tare da Ms. Desjarden. Carrie sai ta bar makarantar da ke cin wuta ta yi tafiya zuwa gida, ta haifar da mummunar lalacewa a duk garin. Lokacin da Chris da Billy suka ga Carrie tana tafiya zuwa gare su, Billy ya yi ƙoƙari ya kori ta amma Carrie ta jefa motarsu cikin sanda, ta kashe su. Lokacin da Carrie ta isa gida, sai ta shiga cikin wanka, inda a ƙarshe ta koma kanta amma ba tare da tunawa da abin da ya faru ba. Margaret ta shiga cikin gidan wanka kuma ta ga 'yarta maƙaryaciya ce saboda lalata garin sannan ta yi ƙoƙari ta nutsar da ita a cikin tub. Tare da ƙarfinta na ƙarshe, Carrie ta dakatar da zuciyar mahaifiyarta. Sue ta sami Carrie kuma ta sami damar farfado da ita ta hanyar ba da numfashi biyu. A shawarar Sue, Carrie ta yi ƙarya game da mutuwarta kuma Sue ta fitar da ita daga garin zuwa Florida. Yayin da su biyun suka tafi, Carrie tana da mummunan hangen nesa game da mahaifiyarta. Lokacin da ta farka, sai ta yi tunanin Chris yana bugun kanta. Da ta lura da wannan, Sue ta tambaye ta idan tana so ta tsaya na ɗan lokaci, amma Carrie ta gaya mata ta ci gaba da tuki. == Masu ba da labari ==  {{Notelist}} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] gy0e9cnlts4vjr95z96kjl1dpudsgo4 0 125118 830121 753410 2026-05-05T11:28:11Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 830121 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Stella Maris''' wani wuri ne na tarihi da ke kan titin McMinn a Darwin, Arewacin Territory, Ostiraliya. == Tarihi == [[Fayil:Old_Railway_House.png|thumb|"Tsohon gidan layin dogo a kan hanyar zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa", 1936]] Wurin Stella Maris yana kan titin McMinn a Darwin kuma ya ƙunshi manyan gine-gine guda uku. An gina ginin mafi tsufa a shekarun 1930 ta hanyar Kamfanin Jiragen Ƙasa na Commonwealth. Duk da cewa ba a san ainihin ranar da aka gina shi ba, taswirar tsakiyar Darwin ta shekarar 1936 ta nuna gine-gine biyu da ke kusa da su waɗanda aka yiwa alama da 'Jirgin Ƙasa na Commonwealth'. Ginin da ya rage a wurin yana ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan. Ana tsammanin an rushe ɗayan a farkon shekarun 1940. Ana iya nuna ginin a cikin hoton da aka ɗauka a shekarar 1936, mai taken "tsohon gidan jirgin ƙasa da ke kan hanyar zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa" kodayake ba a tabbatar da cewa ginin ɗaya ne ba.<ref>{{Cite web |title=House |url=http://www.territorystories.nt.gov.au/handle/10070/30476 |access-date=23 July 2016 |website=Territory Stories |publisher=Northern Territory Government |archive-date=17 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160817211225/http://www.territorystories.nt.gov.au/handle/10070/30476 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Gaskiyar cewa an kwatanta ginin da 'tsoho' a shekarar 1936 yana nuna yiwuwar an gina shi tun da daɗewa.<ref name="heritage">{{Cite web |date=November 2009 |title=Stella Maris Hostel, Darwin |url=http://stellamarisinquiry.nt.gov.au/documents/bibliography/91.pdf |access-date=23 July 2016 |website=Department of Natural Resources, Environment, Arts and Sport |publisher=Northern Territory Government |archive-date=10 October 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151010185152/http://stellamarisinquiry.nt.gov.au/documents/bibliography/91.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> Bayan rufe layin dogo na Arewacin Ostiraliya a shekarar 1976, an sayar da shi ko kuma an rushe shi da yawa daga cikin gine-ginensa. Hukumar Kula da Jiragen Kasa ta Ostiraliya ta mika wurin ga Majalisar Birnin Darwin. Daga nan aka ba da hayarsa ga ƙungiyar Roman Katolika Stella Maris a shekarar 1979 don a yi amfani da shi a matsayin kulob mai lasisi. == Takaddama == Gidan yanar gizon, wanda darajarsa ta kai kimanin dala miliyan 3, gwamnatin yankin Arewa ta ba da hayar ba tare da haya ba ga Unions NT a ranar 2 ga Agusta 2012. Wannan ya faru ne kwana ɗaya kafin ranar da tsohuwar gwamnatin Labour ta shiga tsarin riƙon ƙwarya kafin zaɓen 2012. A watan Disamba na 2013, tsohon Ministan Filayen Yankin Arewa Gerry McCarthy ya yi iƙirarin cewa "babu wata kyakkyawar dama ta samun wata ƙungiya da ta shirya sadaukar da lokaci da albarkatu don dawo da Stella Maris rayuwa. Unions NT ita ce kaɗai ƙungiyar da ta nuna sha'awarta ga dabi'un gado na wurin."[1] Daga baya an bayyana cewa wasu ƙungiyoyi da dama sun nuna sha'awar wurin, ciki har da National Trust of Australia.[1] == Manazarta == {{Reflist|40em}} m3vh7mn0l85wizxxavhe4bkoceaqyk4 0 125755 829916 787671 2026-05-05T06:09:26Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829916 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Shrewsbury''' yanki ne na majalisa a [[Ingila]], wanda ke tsakiyar garin Shrewsshire a Shropshire . Julia Buckley ce ta wakilce ta a cikin House of Commons na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya tun daga shekara ta 2024. Wani mazabar garin ya wanzu tun daga karni na 13; an san shi da Shrewsbury da Atcham tsakanin 1983 da 2024. == Yankin == 1918-1950: Gundumar Shrewsbury, da Gundumar Karkara ta Atcham da Chirbury . 1950-1974: Gundumar Shrewsbury, da Gundumar Karkara ta Atcham . 1974-2024: Kamar yadda ya gabata amma tare da sakewa iyakoki. Gundumar ta kasance tare da Borough na Shrewsbury da Atcham, wanda ya zama Yankin tsakiya na Majalisar Shropshire bayan kafa wannan majalisa. '''2024-ya zuwa yanzu''' * Yankin Shropshire na zaɓe na: Abbey; Bagley; Battlefield; Bayston Hill, Column da Sutton; Belle Vue; Bowbrook; Castlefields da Ditherington; Copthorne; Harlescott; Longden; Loton; Meole; Monkmoor; Porthill; Quarry da Coton Hill; Radbrook; Rea Valley; Sundorne; Tern; Underdale . <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Parliamentary Constituencies Order 2023 |url=https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2023/1230/schedules/made |at=Schedule 1 Part 8 West Midlands region}}</ref> A cikin 2024, an canja wuraren Burnell da Severn Valley zuwa Kudancin Shropshire. == Bayanan mazabar == A zuciyarta akwai garin Shrewsbury (yawan jama'a 71,715 na 2011), wanda shine garin Shropshire. In ba haka ba yanki ne na karkara. An haɗa ƙauyuka kamar Bayston Hill, Ford, Dorrington, Condover, Minsterley, Pontesbury, Bomere Heath, Wroxeter da Atcham. Yankin kudancin shi ne gefen arewacin Shropshire Hills AONB . Yanayin mazabar yana da ƙananan koguna da yawa waɗanda ke zubar da filayen da coppices zuwa saman Kogin Severn, wanda ya yanke kai tsaye ta yankin. Manyan hanyoyi ta yankin sune A5 da A49, suna ba da haɗin kai zuwa Telford da ke kusa da Arewacin Wales da biranen [[Birmingham]] da [[Manchester]]. == Tarihi == An kafa Shrewsbury a cikin 1295 a matsayin yanki na majalisa, inda ya dawo da mambobi biyu zuwa House of Commons na Ingila har zuwa 1707, sannan na House of Commons of Great Britain daga 1707 zuwa 1800, da kuma House of Commons nke United Kingdom daga 1801 zuwa 1885. Shahararrun 'yan majalisa sun hada da Sir Philip Sidney a shekara ta 1581, Robert Clive (wanda aka fi sani da 'Clive of India') daga shekara ta 1761 zuwa mutuwarsa a shekara ta 1774, da kuma Benjamin Disraeli (daga baya [[Firai Minista|Firayim Minista]]) a shekara ta 1841-47. A tsakiyar karni na goma sha takwas an san Shrewsbury a matsayin mazabar mai zaman kanta. Hakkin zabe an ba shi ga mazauna mazauna gari da ke biyan kuɗi da yawa. A shekara ta 1722 yawan masu jefa kuri'a sun wuce 1300 amma majalisar dokoki ta rage yawan ta hanyar cire wasu sassan Shrewsbury daga yankin majalisa. A karkashin Dokar Redistribution of Seats Act 1885, an rage wakilcin ta zuwa memba ɗaya na majalisar (MP). An soke yankin majalisa daga Babban zaben 1918, kuma an canja sunan zuwa sabon mazabar gundumar. An sake sunan mazabar zuwa "Shrewsbury da Atcham" na tsawon lokaci daga 1983 zuwa 2024, tare da ainihin iyakoki kamar yadda ya kasance daga 1974-1983. [[Fayil:ShrewsburyAtcham2007Constituency.svg|alt=Outline map|thumb|120x120px|Yankunan kafin shekara ta 2024.]] A ranar 10 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2001, biyo bayan bukatar da ya yi na muhawara a majalisa kafin shiga tsakani na soja a Afghanistan, dan jam'iyyar Labour mai ci, Paul Marsden, ya bar kujerun gwamnati don shiga jam'iyyar Liberal Democrats; ya kasance a can har zuwa 5 ga Afrilu 2005, lokacin da ya nemi nuna hadin kai mai karfi ga 'yan majalisa na Labour Stop the War ta hanyar komawa tsohuwar jam'iyyarsa, ya zama dan siyasa na farko da ya haye bene sau biyu tun Winston Churchill.[1] A lokacin da yake tare da Liberal Democrats, Marsden ya kasance babban mai magana da yawun kiwon lafiya, yana bin Sakataren Harkokin Lafiya da ministoci. Gidan ya koma sunan "Shrewsbury" a matsayin wani ɓangare na Binciken Lokaci na 2023 na mazabar Westminster. Wannan ya fara aiki ne daga Babban zaben Burtaniya na 2024. Julia Buckley ce ta lashe mazabar, wacce ta zama 'yar majalisa ta farko ta Jam'iyyar Labour da ta wakilci mazabar a karkashin sunanta na Shrewsbury, da kuma mace ta farko da ta wakiltar wurin zama a ƙarƙashin kowanne daga cikin sunanta.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Parliamentary Constituencies Order 2023 |url=https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2023/1230/schedules/made |at=Schedule 1 Part 8 West Midlands region}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The Parliamentary Constituencies Order 2023 |url=https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2023/1230/schedules/made |at=Schedule 1 Part 8 West Midlands region}}</ref> == 'Yan majalisa == === Garin Shrewsbury === ==== 'Yan majalisa 1295-1660 ==== {| class="wikitable" !Majalisar dokoki !Mutumin farko !Mutumin na biyu |- |1386 |Robert Grafton |Hugh Wigan<ref name="HoP1">{{Cite web |last=Woodger |first=L.S. |title=Shrewsbury {{!}} History of Parliament Online |url=https://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1386-1421/constituencies/shrewsbury |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231208130723/https://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1386-1421/constituencies/shrewsbury |archive-date=2023-12-08 |access-date=2024-07-05 |website=The History of Parliament}}</ref> |- |1388 (Fabrairu) |Hugh Wigan |[[Robert Thornes]]<ref name="HoP1" /> |- |1388 (Sep) |Robert Grafton |Hugh Wigan<ref name="HoP1" /> |- |1390 (Janairu) |Robert Grafton |[[Thomas Pride (fl.1378-1414)|Thomas girman kai]]<ref name="HoP1" /> |- |1390 (Nuwamba) | |- |1391 |Hugh Wigan |[[Thomas Pride (fl.1378-1414)|Thomas girman kai]]<ref name="HoP1" /> |- |1393 |[[Thomas Pride (fl.1378-1414)|Thomas girman kai]] |[[Thomas Game|Wasan Thomas]] <ref name="HoP1" /> |- |1394 |[[Thomas Pride (fl.1378-1414)|Thomas girman kai]] |Hugh Wigan<ref name="HoP1" /> |- |1395 |[[Richard Aldescote]] |[[Roger Thornes]]<ref name="HoP1" /> |- |1397 (Janairu) |[[Thomas Skinner (died c. 1411)|Thomas Skinner]] |[[John Geoffrey]]<ref name="HoP1" /> |- |1397 (Sep) | |- |1399 |[[Nicholas Gerard]] |[[Thomas Berwick (MP)|Thomas Berwick]]<ref name="HoP1" /> |- |1401 | |- |1402 |[[Thomas Pride (fl.1378-1414)|Thomas girman kai]] |[[Roger Thornes]]<ref name="HoP1" /> |- |1404 (Janairu) |[[Thomas Pride (fl.1378-1414)|Thomas girman kai]] |[[Simon Tour|Simon yawon shakatawa]]<ref name="HoP1" /> |- |1404 (Oktoba) | |- |1406 |John Perle |[[Robert Thornes]]<ref name="HoP1" /> |- |1407 |[[Thomas Pride (fl.1378-1414)|Thomas girman kai]] |[[John Scriven]]<ref name="HoP1" /> |- |1410 |[[Robert Thornes]] |[[Roger Thornes]]<ref name="HoP1" /> |- |1411 |[[Thomas Pride (fl.1378-1414)|Thomas girman kai]] |[[John Whithiford]] <ref name="HoP1" /> |- |1413 (Fabrairu) | |- |1413 (Mayu) |David Holbache |[[Urian St Pierre|Urian St. Peter]]<ref name="HoP1" /> |- |1414 (Abril) |[[Thomas Pride (fl.1378-1414)|Thomas girman kai]] |? <ref name="HoP1" /> |- |1414 (Nuwamba) |[[Robert Horseley]] |[[William Horde]]<ref name="HoP1" /> |- |1415 |[[William Horde]] |[[John Shotton]]<ref name="HoP1" /> |- |1416 (Maris) |[[William Horde]] |[[John Beget]]<ref name="HoP1" /> |- |1416 (Oktoba) |[[William Horde]] |[[Robert Horseley]]<ref name="HoP1" /> |- |1417 |[[William Horde]] |David Holbache<ref name="HoP1" /> |- |1419 |Roger Corbet (ya mutu a shekara ta 1430) |[[David Rathbone]]<ref name="HoP1" /> |- |1420 |[[Robert Whitcombe (MP)|Robert Whitcombe]] |[[Richard Bentley (MP)|Richard Bentley]]<ref name="HoP1" /> |- |1421 (Mayu) |[[Urian St Pierre|Urian St. Peter]] |[[Robert Whitcombe (MP)|Robert Whitcombe]]<ref name="HoP1" /> |- |1421 (Disamba) |[[William Horde]] |[[Robert Whitcombe (MP)|Robert Whitcombe]]<ref name="HoP1" /> |- |1510 |[[Roger Thornes]] |Thomas Knight<ref name="HoP2">{{Cite web |title=History of Parliament |url=http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1509-1558/constituencies/shrewsbury |access-date=2011-10-03 |archive-date=2012-12-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121227175131/http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1509-1558/constituencies/shrewsbury |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |1512 |[[Thomas Kynaston]] |Thomas Trentham<ref name="HoP2" /> |- |1515 |[[Thomas Kynaston|Sir Thomas Kynaston]] |Thomas Trentham<ref name="HoP2" /> |- |1523 |[[Edmund Cole]] |Adam Mytton<ref name="HoP2" /> |- |1529 |Robert Dudley wanda aka fi sani da Sutton |Adam Mytton<ref name="HoP2" /> |- |1536 |Robert Dudley wanda aka fi sani da Sutton |Adam Mytton<ref name="HoP2" /> |- |1539 |Nicholas Purcell |[[Robert Thornes]]<ref name="HoP2" /> |- |1542 |Adam Mytton |Richard Mytton<ref name="HoP2" /> |- |1545 |Nicholas Purcell |Edward Hosier<ref name="HoP2" /> |- |1547 |Reginald Corbet |John Evans<ref name="HoP2" /> |- |1553 (Maris) |Nicholas Purcell |George Leigh<ref name="HoP2" /> |- |1553 (Oktoba) |Reginald Corbet |Nicholas Purcell<ref name="HoP2" /> |- |1554 (Abril) |Richard Mytton |Nicholas Purcell<ref name="HoP2" /> |- |1554 (Nuwamba) |Thomas Mytton |George Leigh<ref name="HoP2" /> |- |1555 |Reginald Corbet |Nicholas Purcell<ref name="HoP2" /> |- |1558 |Nicholas Purcell |George Leigh<ref name="HoP2" /> |- |1558–9 |Robert Ireland |George Leigh<ref name="HoP3">{{Cite web |title=History of Parliament |url=http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1558-1603/constituencies/shrewsbury |access-date=2011-10-03 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> |- |1562–3 |Robert Ireland |Richard Purcell<ref name="HoP3" /> |- |1571 |George Leigh |Robert Ireland<ref name="HoP3" /> |- |1572 (Abril) |Richard Purcell |George Leigh, ya mutu kuma Philip Sidney ya maye gurbinsa Janairu 1581 <ref name="HoP3" /> |- |1584 (Nuwamba) |Thomas Owen |Richard Barker<ref name="HoP3" /> |- |1586 (Oktoba) |[[Reginald Scriven]] |Thomas Harris<ref name="HoP3" /> |- |1588 (Oktoba) |[[Reginald Scriven]] |Andrew Newport<ref name="HoP3" /> |- |1593 |[[Reginald Scriven]] |[[Robert Wright (16th century MP)|Robert Wright]]<ref name="HoP3" /> |- |1597 |[[Reginald Scriven]] |Roger Owen<ref name="HoP3" /> |- |1601 (Oktoba) |[[Reginald Scriven]] |John Barker<ref name="HoP3" /> |- |1604 |Richard Barker |Francis Tate |- |1614 |Lewis Prowde |Francis Berkeley |- |1621 |Sir Richard Newport |Francis Berkeley |- |1624 |Francis Berkeley |Thomas Owen |- |1625 |[[William Owen (died 1663)|Sir William Owen]] |Thomas Owen |- |1626 |[[William Owen (died 1663)|Sir William Owen]] |Thomas Owen |- |1628 |[[William Owen (died 1663)|Sir William Owen]] |Thomas Owen |- |1629–1640 | colspan="2" |''Babu Majalisar da aka kira'' |- |1640 (Abril) |Francis Newport |Thomas Owen |- |1640 (Nuwamba) |Francis Newport |William Spurstow |- |1645 |[[Thomas Hunt (MP for Shrewsbury)|Thomas Hunt]] |[[William Massam]] |- |1648 |[[Thomas Hunt (MP for Shrewsbury)|Thomas Hunt]] |[[William Massam]] |- |1653 | colspan="2" |''Shrewsbury ba a wakilce shi a majalisar Barebones ba'' |- |1654 |[[Richard Cheshire]] |Humphrey Mackworth |- |1656 |Samuel Jones |Humphrey Mackworth |- |1658 |[[William Jones (recorder)|William Jones]] |Humphrey Mackworth |} == Dubi kuma == * Mazabar majalisa a Shropshire * Jerin mazabu na majalisa a Yammacin Midlands (yanki) * Gidan da ba a sake fasalinsa ba == Manazarta == 5buyfwyhddqhio9b49v7qnjh7s8s2xd 0 125891 830164 798409 2026-05-05T11:57:00Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 830164 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Stephen Martin''' (an haife shi a shekara ta 1966) ɗan kasuwa ne na Burtaniya. Ya yi aiki a matsayin babban jami'in zartarwa na kamfanin gine-gine da injiniyanci na Clugston Group daga 2006 zuwa 2016. <ref name="Business Live">{{Cite web |last=Laister |first=David |date=6 December 2019 |title=Former Clugston CEO on 'heartbreaking' collapse of construction business |url=https://www.business-live.co.uk/economic-development/former-clugston-ceo-heartbreaking-collapse-17376094 |publisher=[[Business Live]]}}</ref> Ya kasance babban darakta na Cibiyar Daraktoci daga Fabrairu 2017 zuwa farkon 2019.<ref name="iodcurrie">{{Cite web |last=Currie |first=Lysanne |date=December 29, 2016 |title=Meet the IoD's new director general Stephen Martin |url=http://www.director.co.uk/meet-stephen-martin-the-iod-new-director-general-20622-2/ |access-date=April 29, 2017 |website=Institute of Directors }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Martin a Belfast, Arewacin Ireland, a shekarar 1966.<ref name="iodcurrie"/> Martin ya koma Blackpool yana da shekaru 10, kuma mahaifinsa ya mutu bayan shekaru uku.<ref name="iodcurrie" /> Martin ya kammala karatu daga Jami'ar Ulster, inda ya sami digiri na farko a fannin binciken da yawa a shekarar 1988. <ref name="iodcurrie"/> Bayan kammala karatunsa ya shiga Sojojin Burtaniya. Ya sami digiri na biyu a harkokin kasuwanci daga Makarantar Kasuwanci ta London a shekara ta 2003.<ref name="covertoperationsstrategy">{{Cite journal |last=Birkinshaw |first=Julian |author-link=Julian Birkinshaw |last2=Crainer |first2=Stuart |date=Autumn 2009 |title=Covert Operations |url=https://www.london.edu/-/media/files/publications/bsr/covert-operations.pdf?la=en |journal=Business Strategy Review |access-date=April 29, 2017 |archive-date=May 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210514081652/https://www.london.edu/-/media/files/publications/bsr/covert-operations.pdf?la=en |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Director">{{Cite web |last=Currie |first=Lysanne |date=29 December 2016 |title=Meet the IoD's new director general Stephen Martin |url=https://www.director.co.uk/meet-stephen-martin-the-iod-new-director-general-20622-2/ |publisher=www.director.co.uk }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Ayyuka == Martin ya fara aikinsa a matsayin mai binciken yawa. Bayan rike mukamai tare da Westinghouse, Kværner, Amey Rail Ltd. da Barhale Ltd., <ref name="Director"/> ya yi aiki a matsayin babban jami'in zartarwa na Clugston Group, kamfanin gini, daga 2006 zuwa 2016. A shekara ta 2009, ya bayyana a kan Undercover Boss, jerin shirye-shiryen Talabijin na gaskiya na Burtaniya wanda shugabannin kamfanoni suka yi kama da sababbin ma'aikata suna fuskantar abin da yake aiki a wurare daban-daban a cikin kamfanin.<ref name="covertoperationsstrategy"/> A lokacin da yake jagorantar Kungiyar Clugston, kamfanin ya tafi daga matsakaicin asarar shekara-shekara na £ 263,000 zuwa matsakaicin ribar shekara-sheko na £ 2.6 miliyan.<ref name="Business Live"/> Martin ya jefa kuri'a don Brexit a cikin raba gardama na 2016. Ya yi jayayya cewa Brexit na iya haifar da ƙarin kasuwanci tare da kasuwannin Afirka. A shekara ta 2009, Macintyre ya bar BBC Scotland ya zama Shugaban Kula da Masu Tallafawa a Mary's Meals . Daga nan sai ta shiga [[NSPCC|NSPCC Scotland]] a matsayin Babban Shugaban Gudanar da Kudade sannan ta zama Darakta na Ci Gaban a Yara a Scotland. A cikin 2018 ''[[The Guardian]]'' ta ruwaito cewa Shugaban IoD Barbara Judge ya yi sharhi mara kyau game da gaskiyar cewa ma'aikata uku baƙi ne ko masu juna biyu. Wadannan maganganu "sun fahimci cewa Martin ne ya rubuta su", bayan haka Alkalin, wanda a lokacin ya riga ya fuskanci zarge-zarge daban-daban na halin da bai dace ba, ya yi murabus. Martin ya kasance tare da Cibiyar Daraktoci har zuwa 2019, sannan ya bar ya zama mai ba da shawara.<ref name="Business Live2">{{Cite web |last=Laister |first=David |date=6 December 2019 |title=Former Clugston CEO on 'heartbreaking' collapse of construction business |url=https://www.business-live.co.uk/economic-development/former-clugston-ceo-heartbreaking-collapse-17376094 |publisher=[[Business Live]]}}</ref> == Rayuwar sirri == Martin yana da matarsa, Lisa, da yara biyu.<ref name="iodcurrie"/> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1966]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] hf2rux8pgum7p5kojf2xu96lihwcsh3 0 126459 830106 757266 2026-05-05T10:49:02Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 830106 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Makarantar Sakandare ta St Rose''' ( '''Rosec''' ko '''Roses''' ) makarantar sakandare ce ta Katolika ta gwamnati ga 'yan mata, wacce ke [[Akwatia]] a [[Yankin Gabashi (Ghana)|Yankin Gabashin]] [[Ghana]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2018-09-25 |title=St. Roses Old Girls handover new staff bungalow to alma mater |url=https://citinewsroom.com/2018/09/st-roses-old-girls-handover-new-staff-bungalow-to-alma-mater/ |access-date=2020-12-25 |website=Citinewsroom - Comprehensive News in Ghana |language=en-US}}</ref> An kafa makarantar sakandare ta zagaye na biyu a shekarar 1965 ta hannun ' yan'uwan Dominican . == Tarihi == Makarantar Sakandare ta St Rose tana ɗaya daga cikin makarantun 'yan mata a Yankin Gabas da Cocin Katolika ke kula da su. An kafa Makarantar Sakandare ta St. Rose (Tsohuwar Makarantar Sakandare ta St. Roses) a watan Nuwamba na 1965 ta hannun 'Yan'uwan Dominican daga Speyer, Jamus. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=8 April 2014 |title=St Rose's Launches Golden Jubilee Celebration |url=http://graphic.com.gh/news/education/21010-st-rose-s-launches-golden-jubilee-celebration.html |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=10 June 2016 |website=[[Daily Graphic (Ghana)|Daily Graphic]]}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2015-02-19 |title=St. Roses' school honors founding mothers at 50th Anniversary |url=https://strosesnorthamerica.org/st-roses-school-honors-founding-mothers-at-50th-anniversary/ |access-date=2020-12-25 |website=St. Roses North America Inc. |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-08-24 |title=ROSA USA renovates classroom block for St. Rose's SHS |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/ROSA-USA-renovates-classroom-block-for-St-Rose-s-SHS-572993 |access-date=2020-12-25 |website=GhanaWeb |language=en}}</ref> 'Yan'uwan da suka kafa Dominican sune; Rev. Sr. Victricia Koch, wacce a lokacin ita ce Babbar Janar ta 'Yan'uwan Dominican a Ghana; Rev. Sr. Beatrix Koob, Rev. Sr. Zita Simon da Rev. Sr. Solamen Ott. Babban Limamin Bishop Joseph Oliver Bowers, Bishop na Accra Diocese na Cocin Katolika na lokacin, ya kawo su Ghana.<ref name="graphic.com.gh">{{Cite web |title=St. Rose's at 50: The journey so far |url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/features/opinion/st-rose-s-at-50-the-journey-so-far.html |access-date=2020-12-25 |website=Graphic Online |language=en-gb}}</ref><ref name=":1" /> Makarantar ta fara ne a matsayin kwalejin horar da malamai mai ɗalibai 80 amma a watan Satumba na 1969, an mayar da kwalejin horar da malamai zuwa makarantar sakandare inda ɗalibai 80 suka fara shiga makarantar. Barima Kofi Bempong II, shugaban Akwatia na lokacin, Majalisar Gargajiya ta Akwatia da Kwamitin Ci Gaban Garin Akwatia suka zartar da wani kuduri wanda ya haifar da kafa makarantar.<ref name="graphic.com.gh2">{{Cite web |title=St. Rose's at 50: The journey so far |url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/features/opinion/st-rose-s-at-50-the-journey-so-far.html |access-date=2020-12-25 |website=Graphic Online |language=en-gb}}</ref> Taken makarantar 'veritas' kalma ce ta Latin wadda ke nufin gaskiya da alhaki yana haifar da aminci da ladabi a tsakanin masu kula da ita. Ana kiran ɗaliban St.roses na yanzu 'Rosecans' yayin da tsofaffin ɗalibai ake kiransu 'Rosas'. Kowane rukuni na ɗalibai yana da suna na musamman da kuma takamaiman launin uniform.<ref name=":22">{{Cite web |date=2018-09-25 |title=St. Roses Old Girls handover new staff bungalow to alma mater |url=https://citinewsroom.com/2018/09/st-roses-old-girls-handover-new-staff-bungalow-to-alma-mater/ |access-date=2020-12-25 |website=Citinewsroom - Comprehensive News in Ghana |language=en-US}}</ref> == Ƙungiyar haɗin gwiwa == Makarantar tana da alaƙa da sauran ɗaliban makarantar Roman Katolika ta [[St. Peter's Boys Senior High School|St. Peter's Boys Secondary School]] (wanda ake kira Sperosa). == Gasassun gasa == Sun shafe shekaru suna fafatawa a [[Ghana National Science and Maths Quiz|gasar Tambayoyin Kimiyya da Lissafi ta Ƙasa ta Ghana]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-08-24 |title=ROSA USA renovates classroom block for St. Rose's SHS |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/ROSA-USA-renovates-classroom-block-for-St-Rose-s-SHS-572993 |access-date=2020-12-25 |website=GhanaWeb |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-09-17 |title=Koforidua Sec. Tech., St. Rose's SHS, others qualify to One-eighth Stage of NSMQ |url=https://nsmq.com.gh/2020/09/17/koforidua-sec-tech-st-roses-shs-others-qualify-to-one-eighth-stage-of-nsmq/ |access-date=2020-12-25 |website=NSMQ |language=en-US }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Fitattun tsofaffin ɗalibai == * [[Marietta Brew Appiah-Oppong]], lauya kuma 'yar siyasa * Eureka Emefa Adomako, masanin tsirrai, mai bincike kuma mai ilimi * Hafisata Amaleboba, Alkalin Kotun Koli ta Ghana (2025–) * [[Abena Amoah]], ma'aikacin bankin saka jari <ref name=":0"/> * [[Francisca Oteng-Mensah]], 'yar siyasa * [[Patricia Obo-Nai]], Vodafone Ghana/CEO * Nana Ama Dokua Asiamah Adjei, politician * [[Nana Anima Wiafe-Akenten]], mai aikin watsa labarai kuma mai ilimi * [[Sandra "Alexandrina" Don-Arthur]], Mai zane-zane na duniya kuma fitacciyar mai kwalliya <ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-08-24 |title=ROSA USA renovates classroom block for St. Rose's SHS |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/ROSA-USA-renovates-classroom-block-for-St-Rose-s-SHS-572993 |access-date=2020-12-25 |website=GhanaWeb |language=en}}</ref> * [[Marian Asantewah Nkansah]] FGA, masanin kimiyyar muhalli * [[Sandra Opoku]], darektan riko na tashar jiragen ruwa ta Ghana * Phyllis Osei, jami'in 'yan sanda <ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-08-24 |title=ROSA USA renovates classroom block for St. Rose's SHS |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/ROSA-USA-renovates-classroom-block-for-St-Rose-s-SHS-572993 |access-date=2020-12-25 |website=GhanaWeb |language=en}}</ref> * [[Caryn Agyeman Prempeh]], likita kuma fitaccen mai gabatar da shirye-shiryen talabijin == Duba kuma == * [[Ilimi a Ghana]] * Jerin manyan makarantun sakandare a Ghana * Katolika na Roman a Ghana * [[Mata a Ghana]] == Manazarta == katbrnpy19rvlusdfsi7l782c4cxhaa 0 126847 829933 758428 2026-05-05T07:34:35Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829933 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Simon David Buckingham''' (an haife shi a Oxford, Ingila) masanin ilimin kimiyyar bayanai ne na Ingilishi kuma wanda ya kirkiro kalmar "rashin tsari".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2004-11-03 |title=Unorganization |url=http://www.unorg.com/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041103024407/http://www.unorg.com/ |archive-date=3 November 2004 |access-date=2022-10-22}}</ref> Buckingham ta kasance a New York tun shekara ta 2005. == Tarihin rayuwa == Buckingham ya kirkiro kuma ya buga a cikin 1996 falsafar rashin tsari. Daga baya, ya zama Dan kasuwa mai yawa. Ya kafa farawa na farko a cikin 1999, <ref>{{Cite web |date=2004-11-03 |title=Unorganization |url=http://www.unorg.com/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041103024407/http://www.unorg.com/ |archive-date=3 November 2004 |access-date=2022-10-22}}</ref> Mobile Lifestreams, wanda ya fara ne a matsayin kamfanin bincike da ba da shawara. Buckingham marubucin rahoton "Yes 2 SMS" wanda ya yi hasashen nasarar sabis na saƙon SMS daidai. Buckingham ya yi rajista kuma ya ƙaddamar da sunan yankin da sabis ringtones.com . <ref>{{Cite web |title=How to turn £20 into over £100m |url=http://www.mobile-ent.biz/features/345/How-to-turn-20-into-over-100m |publisher=Intent Media }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Mobile Lifestreams an sake masa suna Mobile Streams kuma ya kammala tayin jama'a na farko a watan Fabrairun 2006 (LSE:MOS). <ref>{{Cite web |title=MOS Mobile Streams PLC |url=http://www.londonstockexchange.com/exchange/prices-and-markets/stocks/summary/company-summary.html?fourWayKey=GB00B0WJ3L68GBGBXAIMI |publisher=London Stock Exchange}}</ref> A lokaci guda, Liberty Media, kamfanin abun ciki na Amurka ya zama mai saka hannun jari a cikin kamfanin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mobile Streams within Liberty Media Capital Group |url=http://www.libertymedia.com/capital-mobile-streams.aspx |publisher=Liberty Media |access-date=2025-12-31 |archive-date=2010-12-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101228043646/http://libertymedia.com/capital-mobile-streams.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref> A watan Janairun shekara ta 2006, Buckingham ya zama Shugaba na [[Zoombak]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=2004-11-03 |title=Unorganization |url=http://www.unorg.com/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041103024407/http://www.unorg.com/ |archive-date=3 November 2004 |access-date=2022-10-22}}</ref> mai ba da na'urorin GPS da ayyuka don tsaro na iyali da aikace-aikacen kasuwanci. Zoombak mallakar Liberty Media ce amma Buckingham da Mobile Streams ne ke sarrafawa. Fiye da 100,000 na'urorin Zoombak an tura su zuwa Oktoba 2009.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2004-11-03 |title=Unorganization |url=http://www.unorg.com/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041103024407/http://www.unorg.com/ |archive-date=3 November 2004 |access-date=2022-10-22}}</ref> A cikin 2010, Buckingham ya kafa farawa na uku a New York, Appitalism, kantin sayar da aikace-aikace budewa, wanda aka ƙaddamar a watan Satumbar 2010 a cikin ƙasashe 51. [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] ==manazarta == 81puwpfk7l7vnqbdknsb5cfqr9tdxbc 0 127981 830065 761497 2026-05-05T10:05:45Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 830065 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sophie Gonzales''' marubuciya ce ta Australiya da aka sani da rubuce-rubucen wasan kwaikwayo na Matasa.<ref name="sg">{{Cite web |title=Sophie Gonzales- Books |url=https://www.sophiegonzalesbooks.com/books |access-date=16 July 2020 |website=Sophie Gonzales}}</ref><ref name="Sydney Writers Festival 2020">{{Cite web |date=2020-07-16 |title=Sophie Gonzales |url=http://www.swf.org.au/writers/sophie-gonzales/ |access-date=2020-07-16 |website=Sydney Writers' Festival}}</ref> Ta girma a Whyalla, Kudancin Australia kuma tana zaune a Adelaide, Australia.<ref name="The Nerd Daily 2020">{{Cite web |date=2020-04-09 |title=Q&A: Sophie Gonzales, Author of 'Only Mostly Devastated' |url=https://www.thenerddaily.com/sophie-gonzales-author-interview/ |access-date=2020-07-16 |website=The Nerd Daily}}</ref><ref name="Mayfield 2018" /> Ta kammala karatu daga Jami'ar Adelaide, kuma tana aiki a matsayin masanin ilimin halayyar dan adam.<ref name="WriteOnCon 2019">{{Cite web |date=2019-10-11 |title=Sophie Gonzales |url=https://www.writeoncon.org/team/sophie-gonzales/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200716203016/https://www.writeoncon.org/team/sophie-gonzales/ |archive-date=16 July 2020 |access-date=2020-07-16 |website=WriteOnCon}}</ref><ref name="OUTInPerth - LGBTIQ News and Culture 2020">{{Cite web |date=2020-02-11 |title=Author Sophie Gonzales reimagines 'Grease' with a queer twist |url=https://www.outinperth.com/author-sophie-gonzales-reimagines-grease-with-a-queer-twist/ |access-date=2020-07-16 |website=OUTInPerth - LGBTIQ News and Culture}}</ref> Littafinta Only Mostly Devastated wani littafi ne na zamani, wanda aka sake tunanin Grease.<ref name="Articles">{{Cite web |last=Articles |title=Q&A with Sophie Gonzales |url=https://www.goodreadingmagazine.com.au/articles/article/view/id/2150 |access-date=2020-07-16 |website=Good, Interesting Books To Read}}</ref><ref name="Walliams Ross Woodward Adam Kay et al 2019">{{Cite web |last=Walliams |first=David |date=2019-11-29 |title=HCG bags queer reimagining of Grease |url=https://www.thebookseller.com/news/hcg-bags-ya-queer-grease-reimagining-gonzales-1120456 |access-date=2020-07-16 |website=The Bookseller}}</ref> Littafinta The Law of Inertia, wani littafi Mai ban mamaki na LGBT, an buga shi a cikin 2018 kuma ya magance matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwa ciki har da baƙin ciki, damuwa da kashe kansa.<ref name="Mayfield 2018">{{Cite web |last=Mayfield |first=Louis |date=2018-10-09 |title=Local author releases novel |url=https://www.whyallanewsonline.com.au/story/5692277/local-author-releases-novel/ |access-date=2020-07-16 |website=Whyalla News}}</ref> == Bayanan littattafai == * ''Dokar Inertia'' (2018, Chicago Review Press) * Sai dai Mafi Girma (2020, Littattafan Laraba) * Cikakken a kan Takarda (2021, Littattafan Laraba) * If This Gets Out - tare da Cale Dietrich (2021, Littattafan Laraba) * ''Ba za a taɓa dawowa tare ba'' (2022, Littattafan Laraba) * The Perfect Guy Doesn't Exist (2024, Littattafan Laraba) <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Perfect Guy Doesn't Exist - Macmillan Publishers |url=https://us.macmillan.com/books/9781250819185 |access-date=July 20, 2024}}</ref> * Babu wanda ke cikin Musamman (2025, Littattafan Yara na Hodder) == Karɓar karɓa mai mahimmanci == Cosmopolitan da ake kira Only Mostly Devastated- wani nau'i mai ban sha'awa game da fim din Grease- daya daga cikin "Littattafai 17 na LGBTQ + Kowa Yana Bukatar Karanta ASAP" a watan Maris na 2020, kuma [[American Booksellers Association|Ƙungiyar Masu Siyar da Littattafai ta Amirka]] ta sanya shi a cikin Spring 2020 Kids" Indie Next List.<ref name="day... 20202">{{Cite web |last=day... |date=2020-03-03 |title=The 17 Best LBTQ+ Books to Read |url=https://www.cosmopolitan.com/entertainment/books/g30984479/best-lgbt-gay-lesbian-books/ |access-date=2020-07-16 |website=Cosmopolitan}}</ref><ref name="the American Booksellers Association 20202">{{Cite web |date=2020-02-12 |title=The Spring 2020 Kids' Indie Next List Preview |url=https://www.bookweb.org/news/spring-2020-kids-indie-next-list-preview-576259 |access-date=2020-07-16 |website=the American Booksellers Association }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> The Junior Library Guild kuma ya sanya shi a Gold Standard Selection. Sai kawai Mostly Devastated ya kasance dan wasan kusa da na karshe a cikin Goodreads Choice Awards a cikin rukunin Best Young Adult fiction . <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Perfect Guy Doesn't Exist - Macmillan Publishers |url=https://us.macmillan.com/books/9781250819185 |access-date=July 20, 2024}}</ref> An kuma lissafa shi a matsayin dan wasan karshe a cikin Kyautar Southern Bookellers Alliance, kuma an sanya shi cikin jerin sunayen Kyautar Littafin Yara na Waterstones don Tsofaffin Fiction a cikin 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Perfect Guy Doesn't Exist - Macmillan Publishers |url=https://us.macmillan.com/books/9781250819185 |access-date=July 20, 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=Waterstones Children's Book Prize Shortlist 2021 announced |url=https://www.sla.org.uk/article/hannah-groves/waterstones-childrens-book-prize-shortlist-2021-announced |access-date=2021-07-09 |website=School Library Association |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 9t0okvunv5tjiq2ybm7hlnj0y7hnerh 0 129395 829628 817214 2026-05-04T17:18:54Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 5 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829628 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Sadie Plant''' (an haife ta '''Sarah Jane Plant''' ; <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sadie Plant Contact |url=http://www.sadieplant.com/home/contact |access-date=13 August 2018 |website=Sadie Plant }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> 16 Maris 1964) <ref name="BC">{{Cite web |year=2011 |title=Sadie Plant |url=https://literature.britishcouncil.org/writer/sadie-plant |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120224205401/http://literature.britishcouncil.org/sadie-plant |archive-date=24 February 2012 |access-date=22 August 2012 |publisher=[[British Council]]}}</ref> masanin falsafa ne ɗan Birtaniya, masanin ka'idar al'adu, kuma marubuciya.<ref>{{cite news | last = Mackay | first = Robin | title = Nick Land: an experiment in inhumanism | url = http://divus.cc/london/en/article/nick-land-ein-experiment-im-inhumanismus | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140118235630/http://divus.cc/london/en/article/nick-land-ein-experiment-im-inhumanismus | url-status = dead | archive-date = 2014-01-18 | work = Umelec Magazine | publisher = Divus | date = 27 February 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | last = Reynolds | first = Simon | title = "Renegade Academia" unpublished feature for Lingua Franca | url = http://energyflashbysimonreynolds.blogspot.com.au/2009/11/renegade-academia-cybernetic-culture.html | date = 1999 | access-date = 27 December 2014 }}</ref> <ref name="BC" /> An fi saninta da ayyukanta a [[Feminism|fannin mata]], musamman harkar yanar gizo ta mata . Aikin Plant ya fi mayar da hankali ne kan tasirin ci gaban fasaha, gami da illolin ci gabanta. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sadie Plant Contact |url=http://www.sadieplant.com/home/contact |access-date=13 August 2018 |website=Sadie Plant }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>.<ref>{{cite news | last = Mackay | first = Robin | title = Nick Land: an experiment in inhumanism | url = http://divus.cc/london/en/article/nick-land-ein-experiment-im-inhumanismus | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140118235630/http://divus.cc/london/en/article/nick-land-ein-experiment-im-inhumanismus | url-status = dead | archive-date = 2014-01-18 | work = Umelec Magazine | publisher = Divus | date = 27 February 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | last = Reynolds | first = Simon | title = "Renegade Academia" unpublished feature for Lingua Franca | url = http://energyflashbysimonreynolds.blogspot.com.au/2009/11/renegade-academia-cybernetic-culture.html | date = 1999 | access-date = 27 December 2014 }}</ref> Littattafan da Plant ya wallafa sun haɗa da littattafai, rahotannin da aka ba da umarni, labarai, da fassara daga Jamusanci zuwa Turanci. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sadie Plant Contact |url=http://www.sadieplant.com/home/contact |access-date=13 August 2018 |website=Sadie Plant }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sadie Plant Contact |url=http://www.sadieplant.com/home/contact |access-date=13 August 2018 |website=Sadie Plant }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>.<ref>{{cite news | last = Mackay | first = Robin | title = Nick Land: an experiment in inhumanism | url = http://divus.cc/london/en/article/nick-land-ein-experiment-im-inhumanismus | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140118235630/http://divus.cc/london/en/article/nick-land-ein-experiment-im-inhumanismus | url-status = dead | archive-date = 2014-01-18 | work = Umelec Magazine | publisher = Divus | date = 27 February 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | last = Reynolds | first = Simon | title = "Renegade Academia" unpublished feature for Lingua Franca | url = http://energyflashbysimonreynolds.blogspot.com.au/2009/11/renegade-academia-cybernetic-culture.html | date = 1999 | access-date = 27 December 2014 }}</ref> == Ilimi == Ta sami digirin digirgir a fannin Falsafa daga Jami'ar Manchester a shekarar 1989, daga baya ta koyar a Sashen Nazarin Al'adu na Jami'ar Birmingham (wanda a da ake kira Cibiyar Nazarin Al'adu ta Zamani ) kafin ta kafa Sashen Binciken Al'adu na Cybernetic tare da abokin aikinta Nick Land a Jami'ar Warwick, inda ta kasance mamba a fannin. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sadie Plant Contact |url=http://www.sadieplant.com/home/contact |access-date=13 August 2018 |website=Sadie Plant }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Bincikenta na asali ya shafi Situationist International kafin ta koma ga damar zamantakewa da siyasa ta fasahar yanar gizo. Rubuce-rubucenta a shekarun 1990s zai yi tasiri wajen ci gaban fasahar yanar gizo ta mata . .<ref>{{cite news | last = Mackay | first = Robin | title = Nick Land: an experiment in inhumanism | url = http://divus.cc/london/en/article/nick-land-ein-experiment-im-inhumanismus | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140118235630/http://divus.cc/london/en/article/nick-land-ein-experiment-im-inhumanismus | url-status = dead | archive-date = 2014-01-18 | work = Umelec Magazine | publisher = Divus | date = 27 February 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | last = Reynolds | first = Simon | title = "Renegade Academia" unpublished feature for Lingua Franca | url = http://energyflashbysimonreynolds.blogspot.com.au/2009/11/renegade-academia-cybernetic-culture.html | date = 1999 | access-date = 27 December 2014 }}</ref> == Sana'a == Sadie Plant ta bar Jami'ar Warwick a shekarar 1997 don yin rubutu a cikakken lokaci. Ta wallafa tarihin al'adu na shan miyagun ƙwayoyi da kuma kula da su, da kuma rahoto kan tasirin wayar hannu a zamantakewa, da kuma labarai a cikin wallafe-wallafe daban-daban kamar Financial Times, Wired, Blueprint, da Dazed and Confused . Ta buga littafin Z eros + Ones a shekarar 1997, inda ta bayyana yadda aka yi watsi da rawar da mata ke takawa a shirye-shirye. An yi mata hira a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin 'Mutane da Za Su Kalli' a fitowar Time ta hunturu ta 2000–2001..<ref>{{cite news | last = Mackay | first = Robin | title = Nick Land: an experiment in inhumanism | url = http://divus.cc/london/en/article/nick-land-ein-experiment-im-inhumanismus | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140118235630/http://divus.cc/london/en/article/nick-land-ein-experiment-im-inhumanismus | url-status = dead | archive-date = 2014-01-18 | work = Umelec Magazine | publisher = Divus | date = 27 February 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | last = Reynolds | first = Simon | title = "Renegade Academia" unpublished feature for Lingua Franca | url = http://energyflashbysimonreynolds.blogspot.com.au/2009/11/renegade-academia-cybernetic-culture.html | date = 1999 | access-date = 27 December 2014 }}</ref> A shekara ta 2003, Plant ta rubuta wani babi a cikin ''The Information Society Reader,'' mai taken "The Future Looms: Saƙa Mata da Cybernetics." A nan, Plant ya rubuta game da tarihin mata da kuma fannin cybernetics ta hanyar siffar [[Ada Lovelace]] . == Littattafai == * ''Alamar Mafi Tsauraran Ra'ayi: Duniya Mai Zaman Kanta a Zamanin Bayan Zamani'' (1992, Routledge) * ''Sifili + Ɗaya: Matan Dijital da Sabuwar Fasaha'' (1997, Doubleday) * ''Rubutu akan Magunguna'' (1999, Faber da Faber) * Makomar da ke tafe: Saƙa mata da fasahar yanar gizo, Babi a cikin Mai Karatu na Ƙungiyar Bayanai (2003, Routledge) <ref>{{cite news | last = Mackay | first = Robin | title = Nick Land: an experiment in inhumanism | url = http://divus.cc/london/en/article/nick-land-ein-experiment-im-inhumanismus | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140118235630/http://divus.cc/london/en/article/nick-land-ein-experiment-im-inhumanismus | url-status = dead | archive-date = 2014-01-18 | work = Umelec Magazine | publisher = Divus | date = 27 February 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | last = Reynolds | first = Simon | title = "Renegade Academia" unpublished feature for Lingua Franca | url = http://energyflashbysimonreynolds.blogspot.com.au/2009/11/renegade-academia-cybernetic-culture.html | date = 1999 | access-date = 27 December 2014 }}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1964]] tao85i5zjztxctydutk99ovt4cipumu 0 129672 829865 818073 2026-05-05T05:01:33Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829865 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} An gudanar '''da Aikin Atlas na Tsuntsayen Kudancin Afirka''' (SABAP) tsakanin 1987 da 1991. Saboda an fara sabon atlas na tsuntsaye a kudancin Afirka a 2007, aikin da aka fara yanzu ana kiransa SABAP1. Sabon aikin atlas ana kiransa da Aikin Atlas na Tsuntsayen Kudancin Afirka na Biyu, kuma an takaita shi zuwa [[SABAP2]] . Aikin yana ci gaba, kuma yanzu Cibiyar FitzPatrick ta Nazarin Tsuntsayen Afirka a [[Jami'ar Cape Town]] ce ke kula da shi. Yawancin tattara bayanai suna faruwa ne ta hanyar aikace-aikacen BirdLasser. Aikin yana samun tallafin kuɗi daga [[BirdLife Afirka ta Kudu]] da [[South African National Biodiversity Institute|Cibiyar Nazarin Bambancin Halittu ta Afirka ta Kudu]]. == Faɗin == SABAP ta shafi ƙasashe shida: [[Botswana]], [[Lesotho]], [[Namibiya|Namibia]], [[Afirka ta Kudu]], [[Eswatini]] da [[Zimbabwe]] . A lokacin, [[Mozambik|Mozambique]] ta shiga cikin yaƙin basasa, kuma dole ne a cire ta daga ciki. Manufofin SABAP1 shine sel grid na digiri na kwata ( QDGC ), mintuna 15 na latitude da mintuna 15 na longitude, 27.4&nbsp;km arewa-kudu kuma kusan 25&nbsp;kilomita daga gabas zuwa yamma, yanki mai fadin murabba'in kilomita 700&nbsp;km². Duk da haka, a Botswana an yi amfani da tantanin grid mai rabin digiri. Jimillar adadin tantanin grid, idan aka yi la'akari da ƙudurin da ya fi ƙarfi a Botswana, ya kai 3973. An gudanar da aikin filin ne galibi a cikin shekaru biyar na 1987 &#x2013; 1991, amma masu gudanar da aikin sun haɗa da duk bayanan da suka dace da aka tattara daga 1980 &#x2013; 1987. A wasu yankuna, musamman waɗanda ba a iya isa gare su ba, tattara bayanai ya ci gaba har zuwa 1993. Masu farautar tsuntsaye ne suka gudanar da aikin filin, kuma mafi yawansu an yi su ne bisa ga aikin sa kai. Aikin filin ya ƙunshi tattara jerin tsuntsayen da za a yi wa QDGCs. An tattara dukkan jerin abubuwan da aka lissafa gaba ɗaya a cikin rumbun adana bayanai. Bayanan ƙarshe sun ƙunshi 147&nbsp;Jerin abubuwan dubawa 605, waɗanda ke ɗauke da jimillar bayanan rarraba tsuntsaye miliyan 7.3. Daga cikin jimillar gwaje-gwajen QDGC guda 3973, 88 ne kawai ba su da jerin abubuwan dubawa (2.2% na jimillar). <ref name="ADU">{{Cite web |title=THE ATLAS OF SOUTHERN AFRICAN BIRD : VOLUME 1: NON-PASSERINES |url=http://www.adu.org.za/pdf/SABAP1_Introduction.pdf |access-date=2016-12-02 |website=Adu.org.za |archive-date=2020-02-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200202204608/http://www.adu.org.za/pdf/SABAP1_Introduction.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> Sashen Kididdigar Avian (ADU) da ke [[Jami'ar Cape Town]] ne ya gudanar da aikin. Sashen ya canza suna a shekarar 2008 zuwa Sashen Kididdigar Avian, domin nuna yadda yake fadada, amma ya ci gaba da amfani da kalmar ADU. An rufe Sashen Kididdigar Avian a shekarar 2018. == Kayayyaki == Sakamakon ƙarshe na aikin shine tarin littattafai masu girman A4 guda biyu, waɗanda suka ƙunshi nau'ikan tsuntsaye 932, tare da jimillar shafuka 1500, waɗanda [[BirdLife Afirka ta Kudu|BirdLife South Africa]] ta buga a shekarar 1997. Littattafan yanzu ba a buga su ba, amma ana samun rubuce-rubucen nau'ikan halittu daban-daban a gidan yanar gizon [[SABAP2]] . <ref>[https://www.birdlasser.com/ BirdLasser]</ref> Juzu'i na 1 kuma ya ƙunshi babi kan mahimmancin yanayin ƙasa na Afirka ta Kudu ga tsuntsaye. <ref name="ADU"/> A lokacin bugawa '', Atlas na Tsuntsayen Afirka ta Kudu'' shine, a lokacin bugawa, babban aikin bambancin halittu da aka taɓa gudanarwa a Afirka. Wannan aikin ya nuna cewa rayuwar tsuntsaye a kudancin Afirka tana nuna bambancin wurare a yankin: 9% na nau'ikan tsuntsayen duniya ana samun su akai-akai a can, duk da cewa yana wakiltar kashi 1.67% kawai na yankin ƙasa na duniya. <ref name="ASAB" /> == Tasiri == Tasirin aikin akan ilimin tsuntsayen kudancin Afirka ya yi yawa. Rubuce-rubucen nau'ikan ba wai kawai sun ba da bayanai kan rarrabawa ba, har ma sun gabatar da sabbin bayanai da nazari kan yanayin kiwo da kuma alkiblar ƙaura da kuma yanayin ƙaura. Saboda haka, SABAP ya zama muhimmin ma'auni ga duk wani bincike da ya shafi waɗannan muhimman fannoni na ilmin halittar tsuntsayen. Ya ba da mafi yawan bayanan da aka dogara da su kan tsarin zaɓar Yankunan Tsuntsaye Masu Muhimmanci a Kudancin Afirka, da kuma Jerin Ja na IUCN ga tsuntsayen Afirka ta Kudu, Lesotho da Swaziland. == Manazarta == e9j3hico2x4xmcza141j4psjfptje8q 0 129950 829910 766570 2026-05-05T05:46:58Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829910 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:At_Royal_Botanic_Gardens,_Kew_2024_543.jpg|right|thumb|Hotunan Zane-zanen Botanic na Shirley Sherwood]] '''Shirley Angela Sherwood''' OBE (an haife '''ta''' a ranar 1 ga watan Yuli 1933) marubuciya ce 'yar ƙasar Birtaniya, [[Botany|mai ilimin tsirrai]] kuma mai taimakon jama'a. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haife ta Shirley Cross. Sherwood ta yi karatu a Kwalejin St Anne, Oxford . Ta yi digiri na farko a fannin ilmin tsirrai da kuma digiri na D.Phil. tana aiki a kan wani aiki da ya kai ga samun horon horo . == Sana'a == Ita ce mai tattara bayanai game da zane-zanen tsirrai <ref name="Kew-Sherwood">{{Cite web |title=Shirley Sherwood Gallery of Botanical Art |url=http://www.kew.org/visit-kew-gardens/garden-attractions-A-Z/shirley-sherwood-gallery.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110102005902/http://www.kew.org/visit-kew-gardens/garden-attractions-A-Z/shirley-sherwood-gallery.htm |archive-date=2 January 2011 |access-date=24 March 2010 |publisher=Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew}}</ref> kuma marubuciyar littattafai game da <ref name="Kew-Sherwood" /> na tsirrai. An buɗe ''Shirley Sherwood Gallery of Botanical Art'', a ranar 19 ga Afrilu, 2008, a Kew Gardens, kuma an sanya mata suna. <ref name="Kew-Sherwood" /> Ita ce gallery ta farko a duniya da aka keɓe musamman ga fasahar tsirrai. An bayyana Sherwood a matsayin "ƙarfin da ke bayan farfaɗo da sha'awar fasahar tsirrai". <ref name="BBC-WH">{{Cite web |year=2002 |title=Woman's Hour: Shirley Sherwood |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/womanshour/2002_31_tue_03.shtml |access-date=24 March 2010 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> Ita ce mataimakiyar shugabar ƙungiyar Nature in Art Trust. <ref name="NatureInArt">{{Cite web |title=Nature in Art - Trust |url=http://nature-in-art.org.uk/trust.html |access-date=23 March 2010 |publisher=Nature in Art Trust |archive-date=9 May 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100509223727/http://www.nature-in-art.org.uk/trust.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Daraja == An nada Sherwood a [[Order of the British Empire|matsayin Jami'in Order of the British Empire]] (OBE) a bikin karramawa na Sabuwar Shekara ta 2012 saboda ayyukan fasahar tsirrai. == Rayuwa ta sirri == A shekarar 1977, Sherwood ya auri ɗan kasuwa James Sherwood, <ref name="O-E">{{Cite web |date=2005-01-18 |title=Dr Shirley Sherwood to Guest Curate Botanical ArtExhibition |url=http://www.orient-express.com/web/oe/releases/4_55796.jsp |access-date=25 March 2010 |publisher=Orient Express}}</ref> wanda ya bayyana a cikin jerin masu kuɗi na Sunday Times na 2004. 'Ya'yanta maza, Simon da Charles, daga aurenta na baya sun ɗauki sunan mahaifinsa. == Littattafan tarihi == * ''Fasahar Juyin Halittar Shuke-shuke'' (2009), na Dr. Shirley Sherwood da Dr. W John Kress * ''Masu Fasahar Tsirrai na Zamani: Tarin Shirley Sherwood'' (1996); bugu na 2 2003 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Dr Shirley Sherwood |url=https://shirleysherwood.com/ |access-date=5 October 2021 |website=The Shirley Sherwood Collection}}</ref> * ''Sabuwar Fure: Shekaru 1000 na Fasahar Tsirrai'' (2005), na Shirley Sherwood, Stephen Harris da Barrie Edward Juniper * ''Taskokin Fasahar Tsirrai: Gumaka daga Tarin Shirley Sherwood da Kew'' (2008), na Shirley Sherwood da Martyn Rix * ''Sha'awar Shuke-shuke: Ayyukan Gine-gine na Zamani daga Tarin Shirley Sherwood'' (2001) * ''Venice Simplon Orient-Express: Dawowar Jirgin Ƙasa Mafi Shahara a Duniya'' (1983); bugu na 2 1985; bugu na 3 1990; bugu na 4 1996 * Shirley AM Cross (1977) Wurin da aka samo maganin hana karɓar histamine da histamine H2 a cikin mucosa na ciki ''Jaridar Histochemical shafi'' '''na 9''' shafi na 619–644 == Duba kuma == * Florilegium == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1933]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] rmi719y8ae6k1fyqqi3vp28zchs0mv2 0 130123 829917 766936 2026-05-05T06:23:28Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829917 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Shugabancin Majalisar Ministoci''' (Portuguese) shi ne sashen majalisar ministoci na Gwamnatin Portugal . Manufarta ita ce samar da tallafi ga Majalisar Ministoci, Firayim Minista da sauran mambobin majalisar da aka haɗa a cikin sashen. Har ila yau, yana da alhakin inganta hadin gwiwar ma'aikatun ma'aikatu daban-daban, kuma yana haɗa da ayyuka daban-daban waɗanda ke cikin dogaro da Firayim Minista kai tsaye ko waɗanda ba sa zama da kyau a wasu sassan. (Portuguese) ne ke jagorantar sashen, wanda ke da alhakin daidaita manufofi da manufofi tsakanin ma'aikatun. Ministan Shugaban kasa na yanzu, tun 2024, shine António Leitão Amaro . Ministan Shugaban kasa sau da yawa yana ɗaukar alhakin bangarorin manufofi waɗanda sune fifiko ga Gwamnatin lokacin. A halin yanzu, Dokar Organic ta Gwamnatin Tsarin Mulki ta XXIV ta caje Ministan Shugaban kasa da manufofi a fannonin mulkin ƙaura da Gudanar da jama'a, wato gudanar da ayyukan gwamnati da Ayyukan jama'a.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Regime de organização e funcionamento do XXIV Governo Constitucional |url=https://diariodarepublica.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-lei/32-2024-864224972 |access-date=2024-05-10 |website=diariodarepublica.pt}}</ref> == Tarihi == Shugabancin Majalisar Ministoci ya girma a matsayin babban tsarin zartarwa tare da farkon mulkin Estado Novo, musamman bayan Kundin Tsarin Mulki na 1933 ya fara aiki, a matsayin hanyar da za ta hada ikon siyasa da karfafa ikon gwamnati. Shekaru na 1950 da 1960 sun ga karuwar tsarin mulki na gwamnati don shawo kan sabbin ƙalubalen a cikin manufofin tattalin arziki, tsaron jama'a da tsaron ƙasa, a cikin yanayin yanayin Bayan yakin duniya, na membobin NATO na Portugal, da kuma Yaƙin mulkin mallaka. [1] A cikin 1950, a cikin yanayin sake fasalin gwamnati, an kirkiro sabon matsayin Ministan Shugaban kasa; Ministan yana da alhakin kula da gudanar da ayyukan da ke dogara da Firayim Minista kai tsaye (a lokacin da aka sani da taken hukuma na "Shugaba na Majalisar Ministoci"). <ref name="TorreTombo">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Presidência do Conselho de Ministros |url=https://digitarq.arquivos.pt/details?id=4276472 |access-date=2 May 2020 |website=Arquivo Nacional da Torre do Tombo |publisher= |quote= }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Tun daga wannan lokacin, matsayin Ministan Shugaban kasa ya daina amfani da shi a lokuta huɗu daban-daban: 1961-1987, 1995, 1997-1999, da 2011-2013. A wasu lokuta, matsayin ya canza sunansa saboda wanda ke aiki yana tara ƙarin nauyi: tsakanin 2013 da 2015, an kira shi Ministan Shugaban kasa da Harkokin Majalisar (Ministro da Presidência e dos Assuntos Parlamentares), a takaice, a cikin 2015, an kira ya ''Ministan Shugabanci da Ci gaban Yankin'' (Ministro de la Presidência y do Desenvolvimento), tsakanin 2015 da 2019, Ministan Shugabanci da Sabuntawa na Yankin (Maministanci da Presidencia e da Modernização Administrativa), kuma, tsakanin 2019 da kuma 2022, Ministan Jiha da da da da Ma'aikatar Jiha (Ministanci). == Tsarin yanzu == Dangane da Dokar Organic na Gwamnatin Tsarin Mulki ta XXIV, Shugabancin Majalisar Ministoci ya ƙunshi mambobi masu zuwa na Gwamnati: <ref name=":0"/> * Ministan Shugaban kasa Sakataren Gwamnati na Shugabancin Majalisar Ministoci Mataimakin Sakataren Jiha na Shugaban kasa ** Sakataren Gwamnati na Shugabancin Majalisar Ministoci ** Mataimakin Sakataren Gwamnati na Shugaban kasa * Minista a cikin Ma'aikatar Firayim Minista da kuma Yankin Haɗin Kai Sakataren Jiha na Shirye-shiryen da Ci gaban Yankin Sakataren Gwamnati na Gudanar da Ƙasa da Shirye-sauyen Ƙasa ** Sakataren Gwamnati na Shirye-shirye da Ci gaban Yankin ** Sakataren Gwamnati na Gudanar da Karamar Hukumar da Shirye-shiryen Kasa * Ministan Harkokin Majalisar Dokoki Mataimakin Sakataren Harkokin Majalisar Dattijai na Wasanni ** Mataimakin Sakataren Gwamnati na Harkokin Majalisar ** Sakataren Gwamnati na Wasanni * Ministan Infrastructure da Gidaje Sakataren Gwamnati na Infrastructures Sakataren Jiha na Motsawa Sakataren Jihar na Gidaje ** Sakataren Gwamnati na Infrastructure ** Sakataren Gwamnati na Motsawa ** Sakataren Gwamnati na Gidaje * Ministan Matasa da Sabuntawa Mataimakin Sakataren Jiha da Sakataren Daidaitawa na Jiha don Sabuntawa da Digitawa ** Mataimakin Sakataren Gwamnati da na Daidaitawa ** Sakataren Gwamnati na Sabuntawa da Digitalization Shugabancin Majalisar Ministoci kuma yana ba da tallafi ga ayyukan da ke dogara da Firayim Minista, da kuma na Ministan Shugaban kasa, Minista a cikin Ma'aikatar Firayim Ministan da kuma Haɗin Kai, Ministan Harkokin Majalisar, Ministan Infrastructure da Gidaje, da Ministan Al'adu.<ref name=":0"/> == Jerin ministoci (tun 1974) == {| class="wikitable" !# !Hoton !Sunan !Ya hau mulki !Ofishin hagu ! colspan="2" |Jam'iyyar ! colspan="2" |Firayim Minista |- !1 |[[Fayil:Picture_of_Fernando_Nogueira.jpg|80x80px]] |Fernando Nogueira<br /><small> (an haife shi a shekara ta 1950) </small> |17 ga watan Agusta 1987 |16 Maris 1995 | style="background-color: {{party color|Social Democratic Party (Portugal)}}" |<br /> |PSD | rowspan="2" style="background-color: {{party color|Social Democratic Party (Portugal)}}" | | rowspan="2" |Aníbal Cavaco Silva |- !- | colspan="2" |''Ofishin da ba a cika ba'' |16 Maris 1995 |28 ga Oktoba 1995 ! colspan="2" | |- !2 |[[Fayil:António_Vitorino_1999.jpg|90x90px]] |António Vitorino<br /><small> (an haife shi a shekara ta 1957) </small> |28 ga Oktoba 1995 |25 ga Nuwamba 1997 | style="background-color: {{party color|Socialist Party (Portugal)}}" |<br /> |PS | rowspan="4" style="background-color: {{party color|Socialist Party (Portugal)}}" | | rowspan="4" |[[António Guterres]] |- !- | colspan="2" |''Ofishin da ba a cika ba'' |25 ga Nuwamba 1997 |25 ga Oktoba 1999 ! colspan="2" | |- !3 | |Jorge Coelho<br /><small>(1954–2021)</small> |25 ga Oktoba 1999 |14 ga Satumba 2000 | style="background-color: {{party color|Socialist Party (Portugal)}}" |<br /> |PS |- !4 |[[Fayil:Guilherme_d'Oliveira_Martins.jpg|80x80px]] |Guilherme d'Oliveira Martins<br /><small> (an haife shi a shekara ta 1957) </small> |14 ga Satumba 2000 |6 ga Afrilu 2002 | style="background-color: {{party color|Independent (politician)}}" |<br /> |A cikin wannan batun |- ! rowspan="2" |5 | rowspan="2" | | rowspan="2" |[[Nuno Morais Sarmento]]<br /><small> (an haife shi a shekara ta 1961) </small> | rowspan="2" |6 ga Afrilu 2002 | rowspan="2" |12 Maris 2005 | rowspan="2" style="background-color: {{party color|Social Democratic Party (Portugal)}}" |<br /> | rowspan="2" |PSD | style="background-color: {{party color|Social Democratic Party (Portugal)}}" | |José Durão Barroso |- | style="background-color: {{party color|Social Democratic Party (Portugal)}}" | |Pedro Santana Lopes |- !6 |[[Fayil:Pedro_Silva_Pereira,_Festa_de_Natal_do_PS_Montalegre_de_2015.png|75x75px]] |Pedro Silva Pereira<br /><small> (an haife shi a shekara ta 1962) </small> |12 Maris 2005 |21 Yuni 2011 | style="background-color: {{party color|Socialist Party (Portugal)}}" |<br /> |PS | style="background-color: {{party color|Socialist Party (Portugal)}}" | |Jose Socrates |- !- | colspan="2" |''Ofishin da ba a cika ba'' |21 Yuni 2011 |13 ga Afrilu 2013 ! colspan="2" | | rowspan="2" style="background-color: {{party color|Social Democratic Party (Portugal)}}" | | rowspan="2" |Pedro Passos Coelho |- !7 | |Luís Marques Guedes<br /><small> (an haife shi a shekara ta 1957) </small> |13 ga Afrilu 2013 |26 ga Nuwamba 2015 | style="background-color: {{party color|Social Democratic Party (Portugal)}}" |<br /> |PSD |- !8 |[[Fayil:(Maria_Manuel_Leitão_Marques)_Horasis_Global_Meeting_-_Grand_Opening_(cropped).jpg|80x80px]] |Maria Manuel Leitão Marques<br /><small> (an haife shi a shekara ta 1952) </small> |26 ga Nuwamba 2015 |18 Fabrairu 2019 | style="background-color: {{party color|Socialist Party (Portugal)}}" |<br /> |PS | rowspan="2" style="background-color: {{party color|Socialist Party (Portugal)}}" | | rowspan="2" |António Costa |- !9 |[[Fayil:Mariana_Vieira_da_Silva_(Comissão_Nacional_de_Acompanhamento_do_Plano_de_Recuperação_e_Resiliência)_-_Agência_Lusa,_cropped.png|77x77px]] |Mariana Vieira da Silva<br /><small> (an haife shi a shekara ta 1978) </small> |18 Fabrairu 2019 |2 ga Afrilu 2024 | style="background-color: {{party color|Socialist Party (Portugal)}}" |<br /> |PS |- !10 |[[Fayil:Margarida_Blasco_and_António_Leitão_Amaro._Justice_and_Home_Affairs_Council_(cropped)_(2).jpg|80x80px]] |António Leitão Amaro<br /><small> (an haife shi a shekara ta 1980) </small> |2 ga Afrilu 2024 |''yanzu'' | style="background-color: {{party color|Social Democratic Party (Portugal)}}" |<br /> |PSD | style="background-color: {{party color|Social Democratic Party (Portugal)}}" | |Luís Montenegro |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] icruuo3q5fz81mdelie6l5kg0kxnpc3 0 130452 829814 767676 2026-05-05T04:28:09Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829814 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{databox}} '''Shewalul Mengistu''' ( Amharic : ሸዋlul መንግሥቱ; 11 Satumba 1944 – 26 May 1977) <ref> name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Clerfeuille |first=Sylvie |date=2019-12-02 |title=Shewalul Mengistu |url=https://www.afrisson.com/shewalul-mengistu/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250426192717/https://www.afrisson.com/shewalul-mengistu/ |archive-date=2025-04-26 |access-date=4 February 2025 |website=Afrisson |language=fr-FR}}</ref> mawaƙi ne, marubuci, ɗan jarida kuma ɗan gwagwarmayar siyasa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Shewalul Mengistu |url=https://music.metason.net/artistinfo?name=Shewalul%20Mengistu |access-date=4 February 2025 |website=ArtistInfo |language=EN }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> An kashe ta a shekara ta 1977. == Iyali == An haifi Mengistu a Hararghe, Habasha, <ref> name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Clerfeuille |first=Sylvie |date=2019-12-02 |title=Shewalul Mengistu |url=https://www.afrisson.com/shewalul-mengistu/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250426192717/https://www.afrisson.com/shewalul-mengistu/ |archive-date=2025-04-26 |access-date=4 February 2025 |website=Afrisson |language=fr-FR}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFClerfeuille2019">Clerfeuille, Sylvie (2 December 2019). [https://www.afrisson.com/shewalul-mengistu/ "Shewalul Mengistu"]. ''Afrisson'' (in French). [https://web.archive.org/web/20250426192717/https://www.afrisson.com/shewalul-mengistu/ Archived] from the original on 26 April 2025<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 February</span> 2025</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref> daga dangin matsakaicin aji. Mahaifinta mawaƙi ne wanda ya buga ''bägäna'', wata irin waƙa mai igiya mai igiya goma. Mengistu ya auri wani kwamanda a rundunar tsaron Habasha yana ɗan shekara 13. Sun haifi 'ya'ya biyar kuma daga baya suka sake su. <ref name=":1" /> == Sana'a == A shekarar 1973, Ma'aikatar Yaɗa Labarai ta [[Addis Ababa]] ta ɗauki Mengistu aiki, inda ta shirya shirye-shiryen rediyo da talabijin waɗanda aka tsara don mata. Mengistu ta yi magana da harshen Amharic da kuma [[harshen Oromo]] kuma ta rubuta waƙar Erè Mèla Mèla, wadda aka fi sani da ita lokacin da Mahmoud Ahmed ya rera ta. Ta kuma zama marubuciyar siyasa, tare da ayyukanta da suka haɗa da waƙoƙi da dama (ɗaya daga cikinsu an hana ta watsawa da bugawa) da kuma wani ƙasida mai suka ga al'ummar Habasha. == Mutuwa == Ta zama memba na jam'iyyar Marxist-Leninist ta Mengistu Haile Mariam, wadda daga baya ta zama mai kama-karya. An kashe ta a Addis Ababa a shekarar 1977, ta mutu bayan an harbe ta. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1944]] ozj7xav8416c5m9l5e6bnxuh62twhk3 0 130479 829899 828122 2026-05-05T05:22:22Z Em-mustapha 6594 Em-mustapha moved page [[Sakataren yada labarai na Downing Street]] to [[Sakataren Labarai na Downing Street]] 828122 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sakataren yada labarai na Downing Street''' mai ba da shawara ne ga Firayim Minista na Burtaniya kan kafofin watsa labarai da kuma yadda za a sarrafa hoton gwamnatin Burtaniya ga manema labarai. Matsayin yana daga cikin Ofishin Firayim Minista kuma ya haɗa da amfani da bayanai game da abin da ke faruwa a Burtaniya da kuma duniya baki daya, don yanke shawarar yadda Firayim Ministan ya kamata ya gabatar da martani ga kafofin watsa labarai. Mai mulki kuma yana ba da shawara kan yadda za a gudanar da labarun labarai da sauran bayanai waɗanda zasu iya shafar Firayim Minista na yanzu ko Ma'aikatar. Sakataren yada labarai na yanzu shine Sophie Nazemi . <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 July 2024 |title=Who are the key people inside Labour’s leadership team? |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/article/2024/jul/08/who-are-the-key-people-inside-labours-leadership-team |access-date=10 July 2024 |website=The Guardian |language=en-UK}}</ref> == Matsayi == Sakataren yada labarai zai yi jawabi ga wakilan da ke titin Downing 10 don ba 'yan jarida bayani game da abubuwan da Firayim Minista ya halarta, da kuma al'amuran yanzu a titin Downings da kuma majalisar.<ref name="A-Z Lobby">{{Cite web |date=1 October 2008 |title=Lobby correspondents |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/a-z_of_parliament/h-l/82525.stm |access-date=29 September 2015 |website=[[BBC News Online]]}}</ref> Sakataren yada labarai yana aiki a cikin [[10 titin Downing|Ofishin Firayim Minista]] da Ofishin yada labarai na Downing Street. == Tarihi == Masu ba da shawara daban-daban na siyasa a baya sun yi aiki a matsayin sakataren yada labarai. Jami'in yada labarai na farko, wanda aka nada a 1931 'don biyan bukatun jami'in hulɗa da jama'a na cikakken lokaci a Ofishin Firayim Minista', shi ne George Steward, <ref name="BlickJones2010">{{Cite web |last=Blick |first=Andrew |last2=Jones |first2=George |title=The Institution of Prime Minister |url=https://history.blog.gov.uk/2012/01/01/the-institution-of-prime-minister/ |access-date=26 February 2024 |website=GOV.UK}}</ref> wanda ya kasance a mukamin har zuwa 1944. Francis Williams, ɗan jarida wanda ya yi aiki a Ma'aikatar Bayanai a lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu]], ya yi aiki ne a ƙarƙashin Clement Attlee, a matsayin 'Mai ba da shawara kan Hulɗa da Jama'a. <ref name="Seymour-Ure 1998">{{Cite report|last1=Colin Seymour-Ure}}</ref><ref name="Seymour-Ure 2008">{{Cite book|last3=Colin Seymour-Ure}}</ref> [[Winston Churchill]] ya guje wa rawar, kuma bai nada kowa ba har sai watanni da yawa a cikin firaministansa, lokacin da ya hayar Fife Clark.<ref name="Seymour-Ure 2008" /> A shekara ta 1997 Firayim Minista na lokacin [[Tony Blair]] ne ya nada Alastair Campbell. Lokacin da aka zabi [[David Cameron]], Gabby Bertin wanda a baya ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban manema labarai na Jam'iyyar Conservative ya zama Sakataren Manema labarai na Downing Street. Daga baya Susie Squire ta maye gurbin ta a shekarar 2012. A watan Yulin 2016 lokacin da [[Theresa May|Theresa Mayu]] ta zama Firayim Minista, an nada Lizzie Loudon a matsayin Sakatariyar Labarai. Bayan murabus din Loudon a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2017, Paul Harrison ya karbi ragamar bayan babban zaben a ranar 8 ga Yuni. An nada Rob Oxley a matsayin Sakataren yada labarai nan da nan bayan nadin Boris Johnson a matsayin Firayim Minista a ranar 24 ga Yulin 2019; [1] ya yi aiki har zuwa Maris 2020, lokacin da ya koma yin irin wannan rawar a Ofishin Harkokin Waje, Commonwealth da Ci Gaban. [2] A ranar 8 ga Oktoba 2020 an ba da sanarwar cewa Allegra Stratton za ta maye gurbinsa a cikin rawar da ta fadada don haɗawa da gabatar da sabbin bayanan manema labarai na yau da kullun.[3] Wadannan an shirya su ne don ƙaddamarwa a watan Nuwamba 2020 amma an jinkirta su akai-akai kafin a soke su a ranar 20 ga Afrilu 2021, ba tare da wani abu ya faru ba.[4][5][6][7] == Dubi kuma == * Ofishin Labarai (Gidan Sarauta) * Daraktan Sadarwa na Downing Street == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] dkutuh67w749snkbc6940nko5p4gxf2 0 130500 829605 817704 2026-05-04T12:21:16Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 7 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829605 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Rose Kennedy Greenway''' wani [[Linear park|wurin shakatawa ne mai layi]] wanda ke cikin unguwannin da dama [[Downtown Boston|na tsakiyar birnin Boston]] . Ya ƙunshi lambuna masu shimfidar wuri, wuraren shakatawa, filayen ruwa, maɓuɓɓugan ruwa, fasaha, da tsarin hasken wuta na musamman waɗanda suka kai tsawon mil ɗaya a cikin unguwannin [[Chinatown, Boston|Chinatown]], [[Financial District, Boston|Gundumar Kuɗi]], Gabar Ruwa, da [[North End, Boston|North End]] . An buɗe Greenway mai fadin eka 17 a hukumance a watan Oktoba na 2008, kuma yana kan ƙasa da aka ƙirƙira daga rushewar titin [[Central Artery|John F. Fitzgerald Expressway]] a matsayin wani ɓangare na aikin [[Big Dig]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Wharf District Parks |url=http://www.copley-wolff.com/projects/parks/wharfdistrict.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091026054836/http://www.copley-wolff.com/projects/parks/wharfdistrict.html |archive-date=2009-10-26}}</ref> An sanya wa Rose Kennedy Greenway suna ne bayan Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy, uwar gidan Kennedy wacce aka haifa a unguwar North End da ke makwabtaka da ita, 'yar tsohon magajin garin Boston wanda aka sanya wa babbar hanyar da aka rushe suna. Ɗanta, Sanata Edward M. Kennedy, ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kafa Greenway. An kafa Rose Kennedy Greenway Conservancy a matsayin wata ƙungiya mai zaman kanta da aka kafa a shekarar 2004 don jagorantar tsarin wuraren shakatawa masu tasowa da kuma tara kuɗi don bayar da tallafi da ayyuka. A shekarar 2008, Majalisar Dokokin Jiha ta tabbatar da Conservancy a matsayin mai kula da Rose Kennedy Greenway; <ref>{{Cite web |title=Wharf District Parks |url=http://www.copley-wolff.com/projects/parks/wharfdistrict.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091026054836/http://www.copley-wolff.com/projects/parks/wharfdistrict.html |archive-date=2009-10-26}}</ref> Conservancy tana aiki ne da haya daga Massachusetts Turnpike Authority (wanda yanzu shine Ma'aikatar Sufuri ta Massachusetts). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Behance |url=http://www.behance.net/gallery/Rose-Kennedy-Greenway-Wharf-District-Park/609128 |access-date=2015-05-05 |publisher=Behance }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Tun daga watan Fabrairun 2009, Conservancy ta gudanar da wurin shakatawa, tana jagorantar balaga da wannan sabon wuri na jama'a, tana ƙarfafa kyawunsa na zahiri, da kuma ƙarfafa jin daɗin al'umma a Boston. Dokar 2008 ta kafa tsarin bayar da tallafi na gwamnati/na masu zaman kansu kashi 50%-50%. Ta hanyar yarjejeniyar bayar da tallafi ta bangarori da dama da aka sanar a watan Yunin 2017, kudaden gwamnati daga Jiha da Birni suna wakiltar kusan kashi 20% na kasafin kudin gudanarwa, sabon asusun Gundumar Inganta Kasuwanci ta Greenway ~20% na kasafin kudin gudanarwa, kuma Greenway Conservancy tana samar da kusan kashi 60%. == Tarihi == A shekarun 1940, an fara shirin "Babban Hanya a Sama" wanda zai rage cunkoson ababen hawa da kuma samar da hanya kai tsaye don jigilar kayayyaki zuwa da fita daga Boston. An fara gina babban hanyar shiga da fita daga Boston a shekarar 1951 kuma an kammala ta a shekarar 1959, inda aka kori mazauna sama da 10,000 tare da rushe gine-gine kimanin 1,000. Duk da haka, iyakokin babbar hanyar shiga ta Tsakiya sun bayyana a fili cikin wahala. A shekarar 1991, bayan kusan shekaru goma na tsare-tsare, an fara ginawa a kan Babban Aikin Tashar Jiragen Ruwa/Tunnel na Tsakiya, wanda aka fi sani da " Babban Dig ", wanda aka amince da shi a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan ayyukan babbar hanyar shiga da fita ta fasaha a tarihin Amurka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Wharf District Parks |url=http://www.copley-wolff.com/projects/parks/wharfdistrict.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091026054836/http://www.copley-wolff.com/projects/parks/wharfdistrict.html |archive-date=2009-10-26}}</ref> Da zarar an mayar da babbar hanyar da ke ƙarƙashin ƙasa, Boston za ta kasance mai wadata a manyan filayen birane. Shugabannin al'umma da na siyasa sun yi amfani da damar don inganta rayuwar birnin Boston ta hanyar samar da ƙarin wuraren shakatawa da lambuna don haɗa wasu daga cikin tsoffin unguwanninta, mafi bambancin ra'ayi, da kuma masu cike da kuzari. Ƙirƙirar Greenway haɗin gwiwa ne na Massachusetts Turnpike Authority (MTA), Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Birnin Boston, da ƙungiyoyi daban-daban na jama'a. A ranar 4 ga Oktoba, 2008, dubban baƙi sun taru don bikin buɗe wurin shakatawa tare da Rose Kennedy Greenway Conservancy. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Behance |url=http://www.behance.net/gallery/Rose-Kennedy-Greenway-Wharf-District-Park/609128 |access-date=2015-05-05 |publisher=Behance }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A shekara mai zuwa, a ranar 23 ga Fabrairu, 2009, Rose Kennedy Greenway Conservancy ta ɗauki nauyin aiki a wuraren shakatawa. A yau, Greenway ta ƙunshi lambuna, filayen wasa, da kuma hanyoyin tafiya da aka yi wa ado da bishiyoyi. Greenway muhimmin fasali ne na sake fasalin Boston, Boston Harbor, South Boston Waterfront, da kuma Tsibirin Harbor na zamani. Wajibcin MassDOT a ƙarƙashin dokar jiha na samar da kashi 50% na kuɗaɗen Greenway ya ƙare a shekarar 2012, kuma an maye gurbinsa da yarjejeniyoyi na shekara-shekara har zuwa yarjejeniyar shekaru shida a shekarar 2017. Yanzu Gundumar Inganta Kasuwanci ta Greenway tana ba da kuɗaɗen shekara-shekara ga Greenway Conservancy, kamar yadda Birnin Boston (daga asusun da aka kafa tare da kuɗin da aka samu daga siyar da garejin Winthrop Square) da MassDOT. === Dewey Square Park === [[Fayil:Dewey_Square_Farmers_Market_Boston.jpg|thumb|Kasuwar manoma a Dandalin Dewey]] Dewey Square Park, wacce take tsakanin Congress da Summer Streets tare da titin Atlantic Avenue, ta haɗu da babbar cibiyar sufuri ta South Station zuwa Financial District. Wurin shakatawa yana da lambuna, wuraren ciyawa, da kuma filin da ke kusa, wanda aka tsara don jawo hankalin masu ababen hawa da ma'aikata da mazauna kusa. Teburan, kujeru, da tarin motocin abinci sun sanya Dewey Square Park sanannen wurin cin abincin rana, musamman a lokacin dumi lokacin da filin ke nuna kasuwar manoma ta Boston Public Market Association sau biyu a mako. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Wharf District Parks |url=http://www.copley-wolff.com/projects/parks/wharfdistrict.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091026054836/http://www.copley-wolff.com/projects/parks/wharfdistrict.html |archive-date=2009-10-26}}</ref> Ana shirya motocin abinci da sauran manyan bukukuwa a nan. A shekarar 2011, Dandalin Dewey shine wurin da ƙungiyar Occupy Boston ta fara. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Wharf District Parks |url=http://www.copley-wolff.com/projects/parks/wharfdistrict.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091026054836/http://www.copley-wolff.com/projects/parks/wharfdistrict.html |archive-date=2009-10-26}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Behance |url=http://www.behance.net/gallery/Rose-Kennedy-Greenway-Wharf-District-Park/609128 |access-date=2015-05-05 |publisher=Behance }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=greenwayopenmarket.com |url=http://www.greenwayopenmarket.com/ |access-date=2015-05-05 |publisher=greenwayopenmarket.com }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mothers' Walk - Rose Kennedy Greenway Conservancy |url=http://www.rosekennedygreenway.org/donate/mothers_walk/ |access-date=2015-05-05 |publisher=Rosekennedygreenway.org}}</ref> Sake fasalin shukar da aka yi daga baya ya haɗa da lambun masu yin fure, gadaje masu tsayi da aka dasa tare da kayan abinci, lambun ruwan sama, da ƙaramin lambun 'ya'yan itace; amfanin gonar da aka girbe daga lambun da ake ci ana bayar da shi ga ƙungiyoyin agaji na agajin yunwa. === Wuraren Shakatawa na Fort Point === Wuraren shakatawa na Fort Point Channel suna tsakanin titunan Oliver da Congress da ke kan titin Atlantic Avenue, galibi ana kiransu da "Lambunan Sabuwar Amurka" saboda nau'ikan bishiyoyi da furanni iri-iri da ake samu a lambunan gidajen New England na yau da kullun. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Wharf District Parks |url=http://www.copley-wolff.com/projects/parks/wharfdistrict.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091026054836/http://www.copley-wolff.com/projects/parks/wharfdistrict.html |archive-date=2009-10-26}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Behance |url=http://www.behance.net/gallery/Rose-Kennedy-Greenway-Wharf-District-Park/609128 |access-date=2015-05-05 |publisher=Behance }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> An dasa wuraren shakatawa na Fort Point Channel Parks, waɗanda Halvorson Design Associates suka tsara, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Wharf District Parks |url=http://www.copley-wolff.com/projects/parks/wharfdistrict.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091026054836/http://www.copley-wolff.com/projects/parks/wharfdistrict.html |archive-date=2009-10-26}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Behance |url=http://www.behance.net/gallery/Rose-Kennedy-Greenway-Wharf-District-Park/609128 |access-date=2015-05-05 |publisher=Behance }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> a shekarar 2008 ta ƙungiyar manoma ta Massachusetts, tare da taimakon masu sa kai da yawa, ciki har da ƙungiyar manoma ta Massachusetts Master Gardener Association. <ref>{{Cite web |title=greenwayopenmarket.com |url=http://www.greenwayopenmarket.com/ |access-date=2015-05-05 |publisher=greenwayopenmarket.com }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Greenway Conservancy ta ƙara ƙarin shuka mai yawa kuma ita ce ke da alhakin kula da ake ci gaba da yi. === Wuraren Shakatawa na Gundumar Wharf === [[Fayil:Wharf_District_Park_fountain,_Boston.jpg|thumb|Maɓuɓɓugar Ruwa a cikin Wuraren Shakatawa na Wharf]] Wuraren shakatawa na Wharf District Parks sun haɗa Faneuil Hall da Financial District da Boston Harbor. An tsara su ta EDAW da Copley Wolff Design Group, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Wharf District Parks |url=http://www.copley-wolff.com/projects/parks/wharfdistrict.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091026054836/http://www.copley-wolff.com/projects/parks/wharfdistrict.html |archive-date=2009-10-26}}</ref> wuraren shakatawa sun ƙunshi wurare masu shimfidar wurare don amfanin jama'a da kuma wurin taruwa don tarurrukan jama'a da aka sani da Babban Ɗaki. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Behance |url=http://www.behance.net/gallery/Rose-Kennedy-Greenway-Wharf-District-Park/609128 |access-date=2015-05-05 |publisher=Behance }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Wuraren ciyawa guda uku a buɗe, waɗanda aka kewaye da shuke-shuke, suna ba da sarari na yau da kullun don taruwa. A cikin watanni masu zafi, Wuraren shakatawa na Wharf District Parks suna karɓar bakuncin Kasuwar Buɗewa ta Greenway, <ref>{{Cite web |title=greenwayopenmarket.com |url=http://www.greenwayopenmarket.com/ |access-date=2015-05-05 |publisher=greenwayopenmarket.com }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> masu sayar da abinci, kade-kade da azuzuwan motsa jiki. Manyan tarurruka kuma suna faruwa a faɗin Wuraren shakatawa na Wharf District, kamar Bikin Abinci na Boston Local da kuma bikin fasaha na FIGMENT. Wuraren shakatawa na Wharf District sun kasance gida ga Uwaye, hanyar tafiya mai lanƙwasa wadda ta ƙunshi shimfidar wurare da aka zana da sunaye da saƙonni na sirri. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mothers' Walk - Rose Kennedy Greenway Conservancy |url=http://www.rosekennedygreenway.org/donate/mothers_walk/ |access-date=2015-05-05 |publisher=Rosekennedygreenway.org}}</ref> == Hotunan Hotuna == <gallery mode="packed"> Fayil:Kennedy_Greenway_P1100272.jpg|alt=Dance performance in Auntie Kay & Uncle Frank Chin Park, 2008| Wasan rawa a Goggo Kay & Uncle Frank Chin Park, 2008 Fayil:Truth_Booth,_Rose_Kennedy_Greenway,_Boston,_2016.JPG|alt=Truth Booth, by The Cause Collective, in the North End Parks, April 2016| Truth Booth, ta The Cause Collective, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Behance |url=http://www.behance.net/gallery/Rose-Kennedy-Greenway-Wharf-District-Park/609128 |access-date=2015-05-05 |publisher=Behance }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> a cikin North End Parks, Afrilu 2016 Fayil:Greenway_Carousel_-_Rose_Kennedy_Greenway_-_Boston,_MA_-_DSC05445.JPG|alt=The Greenway Carousel| Carousel na Greenway Fayil:Rings_Fountain_Rose_Kennedy_Greenway_Boston_P1010931.jpg|alt=Children play in the Rings Fountain| Yara suna wasa a cikin Rings Fountain Fayil:Glow_neon_signs_on_Rose_Kennedy_Greenway_193338787.jpg|alt=GLOW exhibit of historic neon signs, summer 2018| Nunin GLOW na alamun tarihi na neon, <ref>{{Cite web |title=greenwayopenmarket.com |url=http://www.greenwayopenmarket.com/ |access-date=2015-05-05 |publisher=greenwayopenmarket.com }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> bazara ta 2018 </gallery> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] jdczks1pymfeh38zdjzrlo9acubdsyz 0 130924 829813 768611 2026-05-05T04:18:49Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829813 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Shen Congwen''' (28 Disamba 1902 - 10 Mayu 1988), wanda aka fi sani da '''Shen Ts'ung-wen''', marubucin kasar Sin ne wanda ake la'akari da shi daya daga cikin manyan marubutan kasar Sin na zamani, daidai da Lu Xun . Al'adun yanki da ainihi suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a rubuce-rubucensa fiye da na sauran manyan marubutan zamani na kasar Sin. An san shi da hada salon gargajiya tare da dabarun rubuce-rubucen Sinanci na gargajiya. Shen shine mafi mahimmancin marubutan "ƙasa ta asali" a cikin wallafe-wallafen Sinanci na zamani. Shen Congwen ya buga kyawawan waƙoƙi da yawa a rayuwarsa, wanda ya fi shahara shi ne littafin Border Town . Wannan labarin game da tsohon jirgin ruwa ne da labarin soyayya na jikarsa Cuicui.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=4 September 2009 |title=Border Town by Shen Congwen, translated by Jeffrey C. Kinkley |url=http://bookdragon.si.edu/2009/09/04/border-town-by-shen-congwen-translated-by-jeffrey-c-kinkley/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090924060710/http://bookdragon.si.edu/2009/09/04/border-town-by-shen-congwen-translated-by-jeffrey-c-kinkley/ |archive-date=24 September 2009 |access-date=9 January 2014 |publisher=Smithsonian Institution}}</ref> Shen Congwen da matarsa [[:zh:張兆和|Zhang Zhaohe]] sun yi aure a 1933, Shen Congwen kuma Zhang Zhao He suna da 'ya'ya maza biyu da mace daya bayan aurensu. == Rayuwa == === Rayuwa ta farko === An haife shi '''Shen Yuehuan''' a ranar 28 ga watan Disamba 1902 a garin Fenghuang (wanda aka sani da Zhen'gan) a yammacin Lardin Hunan . A ƙarshen ƙuruciya ya zaɓi sunan Shen Congwen . Shi ne na huɗu cikin yara tara da aka haifa wa Shen Zongsi, [[Han Chinese|Han]]-Miao, da Huang Suying, Tujia. Kakansa, Shen Hongfu, jarumi ne na yankin wanda ya zama janar mai daraja kafin a nada shi mukaddashin kwamandan lardin Guizhou yana da shekaru 25. Saboda babban bangare na shahararren kakansa da wadata, an haifi Shen Congwen a cikin iyali mai wadata. Bayan kafa Jamhuriyar Sin a 1912, mahaifinsa yana fatan zama zaɓaɓɓen majalisa na lardin, amma a maimakon haka an tilasta masa ya ɓoye a cikin Inner Mongolia bayan ya shiga wani makirci da ya gaza don kashe Shugaba Yuan Shikai. Gaskiyar kabilanci na Tujia na mahaifiyar Shen da kabilanci ya Miao na kakarsa, ya ɓoye har zuwa shekarun 1980. Duk da asalin kabilanci da yawa, ya ɗauki kansa a matsayin Miao.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-12-29 |title=苗族血统自卑与神性苗民塑造 |trans-title=Miao ethnic group's inferiority complex and the formation of divinity among Miao people |url=http://www.juqk.net/lunwen/qikan-19984.html |access-date=2025-09-13 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> === Ilimi === Yawancin marubutan zamani na farko a kasar Sin sun sami ilimi sosai, kuma wasu sun yi karatu a kasashen waje, sau da yawa a Japan. Shen Congwen, duk da haka, ya sami ilimi mai sauƙi.<ref name="culture">{{Cite web |title=Prolific Writer: Shen Congwen |url=http://www.chinaculture.org/gb/en_artqa/2003-09/24/content_41684.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120720021333/http://www.chinaculture.org/gb/en_artqa/2003-09/24/content_41684.htm |archive-date=20 July 2012 |access-date=10 January 2014 |publisher=Ministry of Culture, P.R.China}}</ref> Yayinda yake yaro ya sami koyarwa mai zaman kansa a gida sannan makarantar iyali mai zaman kanta ta biyo baya. Wadannan koyarwar masu zaman kansu an gudanar da su ne a cikin tsohuwar salon ilimi na gargajiya wanda Shen ya soki shi kamar yadda ba shi da amfani ko kuma mai ban sha'awa. A shekara ta 1915, ya fara halartar makarantar firamare ta garin Fenghuang, inda ya kammala a shekara ta 1917. === Ayyuka === A ranar 22 ga watan Disamba 1924, Matakin Mataki ya fara buga rubutunsa An Unposted Letter (Chinese: 一封未曾付邮的信; pinyin: Yī fēng wèi céng fù yóu dē xìn). Ya fara buga gajerun labaru da litattafai a kai a kai a cikin Fiction Monthly da Crescent Moon, mujallu biyu masu tasiri sosai na New Culture Movement. A shekara ta 1925 Shen ya zama dalibi na Farfesa Lin Zaiping, wanda ya gabatar da shi ga sanannen mawaki na zamani [[Xu Zhimo]] . A cikin shekarun 1930 ya sami shahara tare da ayyukansa masu tsawo kamar su Border Town da The Long River . A Beijing Shen Congwen ta sadu da mutane da yawa masu tasiri na [[New Culture Movement|Sabon Al'adu]] ciki har da [[Ding Ling]] da mijinta [[Hu Yepin]] . Ya zauna tare da ma'auratan na ɗan lokaci kafin marubutan uku suka koma Shanghai tare a 1927. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1988]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1902]] mkau76qcmf71ecbm33w7f7m83966ctr 0 131335 830105 818111 2026-05-05T10:44:53Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 5 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 830105 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tashar Halittu ta St. Andrews''' (wanda aka fi sani da '''SABS''' ; asali: '''Tashar Halittu ta Atlantic''') cibiyar bincike ce ta Kamun Kifi da Tekun Kanada da ke kan titin Brandy Cove a St. Andrews, New Brunswick.<ref name="fptt-pftt.gc.ca">{{Cite web |date=2007-09-19 |title=Federal Labs Fisheries and Oceans Canada St. Andrews Biological Station |url=http://data.fptt-pftt.gc.ca/fedlabs/fedlab_e.cfm?id=31 |access-date=12 April 2011 |publisher=Federal Labs Fisheries and Oceans Canada |archive-date=2012-03-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120322154341/http://data.fptt-pftt.gc.ca/fedlabs/fedlab_e.cfm?id=31 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Tare da [[Huntsman Marine Science Centre|Cibiyar Kimiyyar Ruwa ta Huntsman]], [[Atlantic Salmon Federation|Ƙungiyar Salmon ta Atlantic]], da kuma harabar [[New Brunswick Community College|Kwalejin Al'umma ta New Brunswick]], SABS ita ce cibiyar cibiyar bincike kan kamun kifi da cibiyoyin ilimi a yankin.<ref name="aquatic.uoguelph.ca2">{{Cite web |title=St. Andrew's Biological Station (SABS) |url=http://www.aquatic.uoguelph.ca/Human/Research/Webresearchinst/East/StAndrews/standrews.htm |access-date=12 April 2011 |publisher=University of Guelph }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> SABS ita ce tashar bincike kan halittu ta ruwa ta farko a Kanada, wacce [[Department of Marine and Fisheries (Canada)|Ma'aikatar Ruwa da Kamun Kifi]] ta kafa a shekarar 1899 a matsayin dakin gwaje-gwaje na wucin gadi. <ref name="SABSHistory20102">{{Cite web |date=2010-11-29 |title=SABS History |url=http://www.mar.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/e0006538 |access-date=12 April 2011 |website=mar.dfo-mpo.gc.ca }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref name="reliablepower.ca2">{{Cite web |title=Reliable Power keeps research afloat St. Andrews Biological Station |url=http://www.reliablepower.ca/st-andrews-biological-station |access-date=12 April 2011 |publisher=Reliable Power Systems Inc.}}</ref> An kafa tashar dindindin a hukumance a shekarar 1908. Daraktan da ke aiki a yanzu shine Dr. Thomas W. Sephton.<ref name="fptt-pftt.gc.ca"/> Dr. Robert Stephenson shine shugaban Sashen Tekun Maine, <ref name="uottawa.ca">{{Cite web |title=Stephenson, Robert (Co-investigator) |url=http://aqua.management.uottawa.ca/stephenson.html |access-date=12 April 2011 |publisher=Muticriteria Evaluation of Environmental Interactions in Coastal Aquaculture Sites }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> yayin da Dr. Peter Lawton, Daraktan Cibiyar Rabe-raben Halittu na Ruwa, masanin Kimiyya ne a SABS. <ref name="Lawton">{{Cite web |title=Dr. Peter Lawton (Director of CMB, marine ecologist) |url=http://www.marinebiodiversity.ca/cmb/Members/peter-lawton/profile?set_language=fr |access-date=12 April 2011 |publisher=Centre for Marine Biodiversity}}</ref> == Tarihi == A shekara ta 1899, malaman jami'a daga ko'ina cikin Kanada sun zo St. Andrews a cikin watannin bazara don yin aikin bincike a filin jirgin sama a tashar nazarin halittu ta farko ta ruwa ta Kanada, wacce a lokacin, wurin shakatawa ne mai iyo. <ref name="PhotoAlbum2010">{{Cite web |date=2010-11-29 |title=SABS Photo Album |url=http://www.mar.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/e0006539 |access-date=12 April 2011 |publisher=Fisheries and Oceans Canada }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A shekara ta 1908, an kafa ginshiƙan tashar nazarin halittu na dindindin tare da babban dakin gwaje-gwaje, ginin zama, da kuma ɗaki. <ref name="pipsc.ca">{{Cite web |title=St. Andrews Biological Station – Celebrating 100 Years of Ocean Research |url=http://www.pipsc.ca/portal/page/portal/website/news/magazine/autumn07/St.%20Andrews%20Biological%20Station |access-date=12 April 2011 |publisher=The Professional Institute of the Public Service of Canada}}</ref> Akwai dogayen tebura masu aiki, da wurin ajiya don kayan aiki da kayayyaki. Dr. Archibald Gowanlock Huntsman shine Mai Kula da shi daga 1912 zuwa 1921 kuma Darakta daga 1921 har zuwa 1933. Gobara ta lalata babban dakin gwajin a 1932 kuma ta maye gurbinsa da dakin gwaje-gwaje mai hana wuta, wani ɓangare na ginin da ke ɗauke da ɗakin karatu na SABS. <ref name="PhotoAlbum2010" /> Bayan kafa tashar bincike ta farko ta ruwa a Kanada a Gimli, Manitoba a 1929, masanin ilmin halittu na kamun kifi Alexander Dimitrivitch Bajkov ya zo aiki a SABS a shekarun 1930. <ref name="mhs.mb.ca2009">{{Cite web |date=5 May 2009 |title=Memorable Manitobans: Alexander Dimitrivitch Bajkov (1895-1955) |url=http://www.mhs.mb.ca/docs/people/bajkov_ad.shtml |access-date=12 April 2011 |website=mhs.mb.ca}}</ref> A shekara ta 2009, an ba da kwangila don gina sabon ginin dakin gwaje-gwaje mai ruwa ta hanyar haɗa gine-ginen da ke akwai zuwa wani sabon wurin dakin gwaje-gwaje mai ruwa wanda ke ɗaukar mafi yawan ayyukan halittun ruwa da bincike; an kammala aikin a watan Yunin 2012. <ref name="news.gc.ca2009">{{Cite web |date=April 24, 2009 |title=Modernization of the St. Andrews Biological Station continues with a contract for construction of new wet laboratory |url=http://news.gc.ca/web/article-eng.do?crtr.sj1D=&mthd=advSrch&crtr.mnthndVl=12&nid=445369 |access-date=12 April 2011 |publisher=Canada News Centre }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Ayyuka == Binciken da tashar ta gudanar ya haɗa da noman kamun kifi, nazarin teku, dorewar kamun kifi, kimanta yawan kifaye, yanayin ruwa, nau'ikan halittu da ke cikin haɗari, da kuma ilimin halittar kifayen da aka girbe a kasuwa. SABS tana kula da wurin ajiyar ruwa. <ref name="reliablepower.ca">{{Cite web |title=Reliable Power keeps research afloat St. Andrews Biological Station |url=http://www.reliablepower.ca/st-andrews-biological-station |access-date=12 April 2011 |publisher=Reliable Power Systems Inc.}}</ref> Tana ba da ayyuka da dama kamar ruwan gishiri, dakunan gwaje-gwaje na ruwa mai tsafta da sinadarai; wuraren kiwon kifi na ruwa da na ruwa; da kuma na'urar duba na'urar hangen nesa ta lantarki . Akwai ƙananan wurare masu haɗawa a SABS amma ana samun su a Cibiyar Kimiyyar Ruwa ta Huntsman da ke kusa. <ref name="fptt-pftt.gc.ca"/> Ɗaya daga cikin dakunan gwaje-gwajen ya yi nazarin Multi-trophic Aquaculture, yana noma nau'ikan halittu daban-daban a cikin kwantena iri ɗaya. <ref name="pipsc.ca"/> Laburaren Tashar Halittu ta St. Andrews sun ƙunshi mafi girman tarin kayan arewa maso yammacin Tekun Atlantika a duniya. <ref name="pipsc.ca"/> Tana da tarin kayan tarihi a fannoni kamar su kiwon kamun kifi, kimiyyar muhalli, kimiyyar muhalli, ilmin halittu na ruwa, kimiyyar teku, ilimin halittun jama'a, da kuma ilimin guba. Albarkatun ɗakin karatu suna samuwa ga jama'a. Charlotte McAdam ita ce Babbar Jami'ar Laburare. <ref name="MaritimesRegionLibraries">{{Cite web |date=2010-12-16 |title=Maritimes Region Libraries |url=http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/libraries-bibliotheques/maritimes-eng.htm |access-date=12 April 2011 |publisher=Fisheries and Oceans Canada}}</ref> An buga littafin SABS mai suna "Binciken Kimiyyar Muhalli - Tashar Halittu ta St. Andrews". An buga littafin kyauta a cikin Turanci da Faransanci. <ref name="publications.gc.ca2010">{{Cite web |date=2010-07-16 |title=Environmental Science Research - St. Andrews Biological Station, Dedicated to Excellence in Aquatic Science Since 1908 |url=http://publications.gc.ca/site/eng/385369/publication.html |access-date=12 April 2011 |publisher=Government of Canada Publications}}</ref> == Manazarta == f737rb9s4mo39zbeadskzz746j630es 0 133112 829857 773547 2026-05-05T04:58:51Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 5 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829857 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Aikin kan Matsayi da Ilimin Mata''' (PSEW) shine aikin farko [[Tarayyar Amurka|na Amurka]] wanda ya mayar da hankali kan daidaiton jinsi a fannin ilimi. An kafa PSEW a shekarar 1971 ta Ƙungiyar Kwalejojin Amurka (AAC), wacce a yau aka sani da [[Association of American Colleges and Universities|Ƙungiyar Kwalejoji da Jami'o'i ta Amurka]] (AACU), PSEW ta yi aiki don inganta damar shiga da daidaito a cikin manyan makarantu ga mata, tana magance buƙatun ɗaliban jami'a, malamai, ma'aikata, da masu gudanarwa. PSEW ta samar da kuma rarraba kayan aiki game da matsayin mata a manyan makarantu, ta shawarci kwalejoji da jami'o'i game da manufofi da suka shafi [[Affirmative action|tabbatar da aiki]], shirye-shiryen karatun mata, da ɗaukar malamai mata aiki, kuma ta yi aiki tare da masu tsara manufofi don gabatar da dokoki don inganta daidaiton jinsi a manyan makarantun Amurka. Jaridar PSEW, ''On Campus with Women'' (OCWW), ta fara daga 1971-2013 ta hanyar ACU, tana buga labarai da bincike da suka shafi mata a manyan makarantu. PSEW ta kuma taka muhimmiyar rawa a ci gaba da kuma zartar da [[Title IX]], ɓangaren [[Education Amendments of 1972|Kwaskwarimar Ilimi ta Amurka na 1972]] wanda ya hana nuna wariya a fannin ilimi bisa ga jinsi. An rushe PSEW a matsayin wani aiki daban a ranar 30 ga Yuni, 1991 kuma aka sake haɗa shi cikin ACU a matsayin Shirin kan Matsayi da Ilimi ga Mata. <ref name="Crisis">{{Cite web |last=Curtis |first=Mark |date=2014 |title=Crisis and Opportunity: The Founding of the Association of American Colleges |url=http://www.aacu.org/liberaleducation/2014/fall/curtis |access-date=21 March 2017 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Caryn McTighe Musil ce ta jagoranci shirin har zuwa ƙarshensa a shekarar 2012. <ref name="Butler">{{Cite web |last=Butler |first=Johnnella |title=Carol Geary Schneider, Liberal Education, and Social Justice |url=https://www.aacu.org/liberaleducation/2016/summer/butler |access-date=21 March 2017 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Ana gudanar da tarin kayan aiki da wallafe-wallafen da PSEW ta samar a ɗakin karatu na Schlesinger da ke Cibiyar Nazarin Ci Gaban Radcliffe a [[Jami'ar Harvard]] . == Tarihi da samuwar == An kafa Aikin Kan Matsayi da Ilimin Mata a shekarar 1971 a matsayin mataki na farko a wani sauyi da Ƙungiyar Kwalejojin Amurka (wanda yanzu ita ce Ƙungiyar Kwalejojin Amurka da Jami'o'i ) ta yi don mai da hankali kan bambancin ɗalibai. <ref name="Gaff">{{Cite web |last=Gaff |first=Jerry |date=2015 |title=The Role of Faculty in the Transformation of AAC&U: A Personal Essay |url=http://www.aacu.org/liberaleducation/2015/summer/gaff |access-date=21 March 2017 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Ƙungiyar da ke hedikwatar ACU a Washington, DC, tana aiki tare da ƙaramin ma'aikata. PSEW ta sami kuɗi ta hanyar tallafi, gami da daga Carnegie Corporation na New York da Gidauniyar Ford . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-07 |title=New funder coalition Press Forward will award more than $500 million to revitalize local news |url=https://www.fordfoundation.org/news-and-stories/news-and-press/news/new-funder-coalition-press-forward-will-award-more-than-500-million-to-revitalize-local-news/ |access-date=2024-03-06 |website=Ford Foundation |language=en-US}}</ref> PSEW ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen amincewa da taken IX. A matsayin wani ɓangare na wannan ƙoƙarin, ƙungiyar ta ziyarci makarantu, ta ilmantar da 'yan majalisa kan batutuwan mata a fannin ilimi, kuma ta yi kira da a samar da manufofi don inganta yanayin mata a harabar jami'a. PSEW ta mai da hankali kan cin zarafin mata da fyade a harabar jami'a, inda ta samar da kayan ilimi kan waɗannan batutuwa a shekarun 1980. Abin lura shi ne, ƙungiyar ta ƙirƙiro kalmar "yanayi mai sanyi", wadda aka yi amfani da ita a cikin ayyukanta da yawa don bayyana ƙalubalen da mata ke fuskanta a fannin ilimi. === Mutane === Bernice Resnick Sandler ta yi aiki a matsayin darakta na PSEW daga 1971-1991. Sandler ta kuma kasance mai himma a cikin Kungiyar Mata ta Daidaito (WEAL), inda ta yi irin wannan aikin wajen inganta daidaiton jinsi a manyan makarantu. Bayan Sandler, Caryn McTighe Musil ta yi aiki a matsayin darakta na Shirin Magajin Gado kan Matsayin da Ilimi na Mata (PSEW) har zuwa 2012. <ref name="Butler"/> Margaret C. Dunkle ta yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakiyar Shugabar PSEW daga 1972-1977. Roberta M. Hall da Grace L. Mastalli suma ma'aikata ne masu mahimmanci. == Babban gudunmawa == === Littattafai === An kafa PSEW ne don taimaka wa kwalejoji da jami'o'i wajen tsara manufofi da suka magance wariyar jinsi da cin zarafin mata. Duk da haka, aikinsu ya bazu ba da daɗewa ba fiye da wannan manufa, yayin da ma'aikatan PSEW suka fara buga ayyukan asali kan mata a manyan makarantu. <ref name="Gaff"/> PSEW ta buga rahotanni sama da 100, da kuma ƙananan littattafai, ƙasidu, da kuma wasiƙar labarai ta ''On Campus with Women'' . <ref name="Equity">{{Cite web |last=Musil |first=Caryn |title=Gender Equity: Who Needs It? |url=https://www.aacu.org/publications-research/periodicals/gender-equity-who-needs-it |access-date=21 March 2017 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Littattafansu sun yi magana game da batutuwa daban-daban ciki har da ɗaukar ɗalibai mata da malamai, batutuwan da suka shafi ɗaliban tsiraru, wariyar jinsi a ɗaukar ma'aikata, wariyar jinsi a cikin bincike, Title IX, taimakon kuɗi, cin zarafin jima'i a harabar jami'a, da yanayin ilimi ga mata. Kayan aikinsu sun isa ga shugabannin kwaleji da malamai da kuma masu tsara manufofi, kuma ba wai kawai sun yaɗa bayanai game da abubuwan da suka faru da bincike da suka shafi mata a fannin ilimi ba, har ma sun sanar da mata kai tsaye game da haƙƙinsu na doka na ilimi. PSEW ta buga takardu na farko kan mata masu launin fata a manyan makarantu da rahotanni na farko na ƙasa kan wariyar jinsi a wasannin kwaleji, muhallin aji mai rikici, fyaɗe ga ƙungiyoyin jama'a a harabar jami'a, da cin zarafin mata. <ref name="Bernice">{{Cite web |date=28 October 2013 |title=AAC&U Congratulates Bernice Sandler on Induction into National Women's Hall of Fame |url=http://www.aacu.org/whats-new/aacu-congratulates-bernice-sandler-induction-national-womens-hall-fame |access-date=21 March 2017 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==== "Yanayin sanyi" ==== Ƙungiyar ta kuma samar da wallafe-wallafe da ke magana kan kalmar da ta ƙirƙiro, <ref name="Bernice"/> "yanayin sanyi" da mata ke fuskanta a kwalejoji da jami'o'i, wani shiri na tattaunawa wanda ya zama wani shiri mai mahimmanci ga gudummawar ƙungiyar ga daidaito a fannin ilimi. <ref name="Butler"/> An kwatanta "yanayin sanyi" da bayanin ƙalubalen da ɗalibai mata da malamai suka fuskanta, tun daga kalaman batanci da aka yi game da mata da ƙwarewarsu ta ilimi zuwa rashin kulawa da katsewar mata a aji. Tattaunawar PSEW game da waɗannan ƙalubalen ga ƙwarewar mata a cikin yanayin ilmantarwa ta taimaka wajen tattaunawa mai faɗi game da rashin daidaiton yanayin ilmantarwa da mutane daga ƙungiyoyi daban-daban da ba su da isasshen taimako suka fuskanta. <ref name="Gaff"/> Aikin ya buga ayyuka da dama masu tasiri kan wannan batu. A shekarar 1982, Hall da Sandler sun buga "Yanayin Aji: Abin Sanyi ga Mata?" An ba da kuɗin wannan takarda ta hanyar tallafin kuɗi daga Asusun Inganta Ilimi Bayan Sakandare (FIPSE) na Ma'aikatar Ilimi ta Amurka . PSEW ta gudanar da wani taro a watan Nuwamban 1982 mai suna "Yanayin Aji Mai Sanyi: Dabaru na Raba Canji" don tallata da tattauna sakamakon binciken. Takardar ƙarshe da aka rarraba a taron ta sayar da kwafi sama da 40,000 tsakanin 1982 da 1990. ==== ''A harabar jami'a tare da mata'' ==== Wataƙila littafin PSEW mafi shahara shine littafinsu na yau da kullun, ''On Campus with Women'' (OCWW), wanda ya buga bincike da kasidu kan batutuwan da suka shafi mata a manyan makarantu. Sandler ne ya kafa shi a farkon PSEW a shekarar 1971, abubuwan da ke cikinsa sun mayar da hankali kan shugabancin mata, yanayin harabar jami'a, manhaja da ilimin koyarwa, da kuma sabon bincike kan shigar mata cikin manyan makarantu. A kaka ta 2002, OCWW ta ƙaura ta yanar gizo kawai. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-07 |title=New funder coalition Press Forward will award more than $500 million to revitalize local news |url=https://www.fordfoundation.org/news-and-stories/news-and-press/news/new-funder-coalition-press-forward-will-award-more-than-500-million-to-revitalize-local-news/ |access-date=2024-03-06 |website=Ford Foundation |language=en-US}}</ref> A shekarar 2013, buga littafin ''On Campus with Women'' as different mujallu ya ƙare, <ref name="Bernice"/> da kuma manufarta ta rufe batutuwan jinsi a manyan makarantu ya ƙare ta hanyar sauran mujallu na ACU, kamar ''Liberal Education'' and ''Diversity and Democracy'' . ==== Lakabi na IX ==== PSEW ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen yin aiki tare da ma'aikatan Majalisa da sauran ƙungiyoyi kan tsara da aiwatar da Take IX, hulɗa da sauran ƙungiyoyi da Majalisa don ginawa da zartar da dokar. PSEW ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin hanya ga jami'o'i don yin shawarwari kan yuwuwar aiwatarwa da manufofi tsakanin zartar da dokar a watan Yunin 1972 da rahoton ƙarshe na 1975 kan aiwatarwa da ƙa'idodi daga Ma'aikatar Lafiya, Ilimi, da Jin Daɗi . Ƙungiyar ta taimaka wa kwalejoji da jami'o'i don kafa manufofi waɗanda ke iyakance haɗarinsu na keta buƙatun Take IX. <ref name="Gaff"/> A wannan lokacin na wucin gadi, PSEW sau da yawa tana aiki tare da Ƙungiyar Ƙasa don Mata da 'Yan Mata a Ilimi (NCWGE), ƙungiyar ƙungiyoyi da aka kafa don fafutukar aiwatar da ƙa'idodin Take IX kan aiwatarwa, aiwatarwa, da kuma kuɗaɗen shirye-shiryen ilimi na mata. <ref name="Finding Aid" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-07 |title=New funder coalition Press Forward will award more than $500 million to revitalize local news |url=https://www.fordfoundation.org/news-and-stories/news-and-press/news/new-funder-coalition-press-forward-will-award-more-than-500-million-to-revitalize-local-news/ |access-date=2024-03-06 |website=Ford Foundation |language=en-US}}</ref> ==== Bayan Take IX ==== Bayan da Dokar IX ta zama doka, PSEW ta ci gaba da ilmantar da masu tsara manufofi da jami'an gwamnati game da matsalolin mata a harabar jami'o'i. Ma'aikatan PSEW sau da yawa suna ziyartar harabar jami'o'i don gano matsaloli da kuma yin aiki tare da gwamnatoci kan aiwatarwa da aiwatar da Dokar IX. PSEW ta kuma ƙirƙiri kayan ilimi kan fyaɗe da cin zarafin jima'i a matsayin albarkatu ga harabar jami'o'i. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] scgcam5alk0ti2hjwxdq9lmmz1hnp7o 0 133245 829832 812882 2026-05-05T04:47:28Z Ibkt 10164 829832 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mark Thomas Valley''' (an haife shi a ranar 24 ga watan Disamban shekara ta 1964) ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Amurka. An san shi da rawar da ya taka a matsayin Brad Chase a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na TV Boston Legal, Oliver Richard a cikin wasan kwaikwayon [[NBC]] Harry's Law, [[Ofishin Bincike na Tarayya (FBI)|FBI]] Special Agent John Scott a cikin jerin [[Fox Broadcasting Company|Fox]] sci fi Fringe, Christopher Chance a cikin wasan wasan [[kwaikwayo]] na [[Fox Broadcasting Company|Fox]] Human Target, da Tommy Sullivan a cikin ABC's Body of Proof . == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Valley a Ogdensburg, New York . Ya kammala karatu a shekarar 1987 daga Kwalejin Sojan Amurka a West Point, New York, tare da digiri a lissafi. == Ayyuka == === Ayyukan soja === Ya yi aiki a [[Berlin]], inda ya buga wasan rugby ga ƙungiyar soja ta Amurka, The Berlin Yanks Rugby Football Club . Valley ya ga aiki a cikin Operation Desert Storm a matsayin jagoran rukuni mai cikakken bayani daga 18th Engineer Brigade zuwa 73rd Engineer Company, 3-2 Air Defense Artillery Battalion, 7th Transportation Group.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=Jennifer |date=January 30, 2009 |title=Mark Valley of 'Fringe' talks about playing dead as John Scott |url=http://blogs.pioneerlocal.com/entertainment/2009/01/mark_valley_of_fringe_talks_ab.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202085104/http://blogs.pioneerlocal.com/entertainment/2009/01/mark_valley_of_fringe_talks_ab.html |archive-date=February 2, 2009 |website=[[Pioneer Press]]}}</ref> === Yin wasan kwaikwayo === Valley ya sami rawar sa ta farko, a kan The Innocent (1993), yayin da yake aiki a cikin Sojojin Amurka a Jamus. [1] Ya sauka da rawar "Father Pete" a kan Wani Duniya a 1993. Daga baya ya ɗauki matsayin Jack Deveraux a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na NBC Daytime Days of Our Lives daga 1994 zuwa 1997. A cikin wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya na 2000 The Next Best Thing ya nuna Rupert Everett mai son allo. A shekara ta 2003, Valley ya buga Detective Eddie Arlette, wani jami'in 'yan Landan na Amurka a London, a kan ɗan gajeren Keen Eddie . Ya buga Brad Chase a kan Boston Legal, wani sashi na j''ER'' shirye-shiryen talabijin The Practice . Valley kuma ya bayyana a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na ER a matsayin Richard Lockhart, tsohon mijin Abby Lockhart. A shekara ta 2008 ya bayyana a kan Fringe, a matsayin [[Ofishin Bincike na Tarayya (FBI)|Wakilin FBI]] John Scott . Valley ya jagoranci wasan kwaikwayo na [[Fox Broadcasting Company|Fox]] Human Target . A cikin 2012, Valley ya shiga ABC's Body of Proof a matsayin jerin na yau da kullun. Ya buga Det. Tommy Sullivan, sha'awar soyayya ta Dana Delany.<ref name="Valleybop">{{Cite web |last=Andreeva |first=Nellie |date=July 28, 2012 |title=Mark Valley To Join 'Body Of Proof' As New Regular |url=https://deadline.com/2012/07/mark-valley-to-join-body-of-proof-as-new-regular-309071/ |access-date=July 29, 2012 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> Ya kuma yi aiki tare da Delany a cikin gajeren jerin Pasadena a shekara ta 2001. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=Jennifer |date=January 30, 2009 |title=Mark Valley of 'Fringe' talks about playing dead as John Scott |url=http://blogs.pioneerlocal.com/entertainment/2009/01/mark_valley_of_fringe_talks_ab.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202085104/http://blogs.pioneerlocal.com/entertainment/2009/01/mark_valley_of_fringe_talks_ab.html |archive-date=February 2, 2009 |website=[[Pioneer Press]]}}</ref> == Rayuwar Sirri == Yana da 'yar da aka haifa a shekarar 1987. Ya auri 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Australiya Anna Torv, tauraruwarsa ta Fringe, a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2008. A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2010, an ruwaito cewa ma'auratan sun rabu watanni da yawa da suka gabata. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1964]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] pfqgzi5bv7amqou2d0uk26m1mldn3z3 829834 829832 2026-05-05T04:48:31Z Ibkt 10164 829834 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mark Thomas Valley''' (an haife shi a ranar 24 ga watan Disamban shekara ta 1964) ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na [[Amurka]]. An san shi da rawar da ya taka a matsayin Brad Chase a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na TV Boston Legal, Oliver Richard a cikin wasan kwaikwayon [[NBC]] Harry's Law, [[Ofishin Bincike na Tarayya (FBI)|FBI]] Special Agent John Scott a cikin jerin [[Fox Broadcasting Company|Fox]] sci fi Fringe, Christopher Chance a cikin wasan wasan [[kwaikwayo]] na [[Fox Broadcasting Company|Fox]] Human Target, da Tommy Sullivan a cikin ABC's Body of Proof . == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Valley a Ogdensburg, New York . Ya kammala karatu a shekarar 1987 daga Kwalejin Sojan Amurka a West Point, New York, tare da digiri a lissafi. == Ayyuka == === Ayyukan soja === Ya yi aiki a [[Berlin]], inda ya buga wasan rugby ga ƙungiyar soja ta Amurka, The Berlin Yanks Rugby Football Club . Valley ya ga aiki a cikin Operation Desert Storm a matsayin jagoran rukuni mai cikakken bayani daga 18th Engineer Brigade zuwa 73rd Engineer Company, 3-2 Air Defense Artillery Battalion, 7th Transportation Group.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=Jennifer |date=January 30, 2009 |title=Mark Valley of 'Fringe' talks about playing dead as John Scott |url=http://blogs.pioneerlocal.com/entertainment/2009/01/mark_valley_of_fringe_talks_ab.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202085104/http://blogs.pioneerlocal.com/entertainment/2009/01/mark_valley_of_fringe_talks_ab.html |archive-date=February 2, 2009 |website=[[Pioneer Press]]}}</ref> === Yin wasan kwaikwayo === Valley ya sami rawar sa ta farko, a kan The Innocent (1993), yayin da yake aiki a cikin Sojojin Amurka a Jamus. [1] Ya sauka da rawar "Father Pete" a kan Wani Duniya a 1993. Daga baya ya ɗauki matsayin Jack Deveraux a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na NBC Daytime Days of Our Lives daga 1994 zuwa 1997. A cikin wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya na 2000 The Next Best Thing ya nuna Rupert Everett mai son allo. A shekara ta 2003, Valley ya buga Detective Eddie Arlette, wani jami'in 'yan Landan na Amurka a London, a kan ɗan gajeren Keen Eddie . Ya buga Brad Chase a kan Boston Legal, wani sashi na j''ER'' shirye-shiryen talabijin The Practice . Valley kuma ya bayyana a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na ER a matsayin Richard Lockhart, tsohon mijin Abby Lockhart. A shekara ta 2008 ya bayyana a kan Fringe, a matsayin [[Ofishin Bincike na Tarayya (FBI)|Wakilin FBI]] John Scott . Valley ya jagoranci wasan kwaikwayo na [[Fox Broadcasting Company|Fox]] Human Target . A cikin 2012, Valley ya shiga ABC's Body of Proof a matsayin jerin na yau da kullun. Ya buga Det. Tommy Sullivan, sha'awar soyayya ta Dana Delany.<ref name="Valleybop">{{Cite web |last=Andreeva |first=Nellie |date=July 28, 2012 |title=Mark Valley To Join 'Body Of Proof' As New Regular |url=https://deadline.com/2012/07/mark-valley-to-join-body-of-proof-as-new-regular-309071/ |access-date=July 29, 2012 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> Ya kuma yi aiki tare da Delany a cikin gajeren jerin Pasadena a shekara ta 2001. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=Jennifer |date=January 30, 2009 |title=Mark Valley of 'Fringe' talks about playing dead as John Scott |url=http://blogs.pioneerlocal.com/entertainment/2009/01/mark_valley_of_fringe_talks_ab.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202085104/http://blogs.pioneerlocal.com/entertainment/2009/01/mark_valley_of_fringe_talks_ab.html |archive-date=February 2, 2009 |website=[[Pioneer Press]]}}</ref> == Rayuwar Sirri == Yana da 'yar da aka haifa a shekarar 1987. Ya auri 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Australiya Anna Torv, tauraruwarsa ta Fringe, a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2008. A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2010, an ruwaito cewa ma'auratan sun rabu watanni da yawa da suka gabata. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1964]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] s7bvo3jjwrlaqqvve9zjh55rphri6jq 829839 829834 2026-05-05T04:50:05Z Ibkt 10164 karin haske 829839 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mark Thomas Valley''' (an haife shi a ranar 24 ga watan Disamban shekara ta 1964) ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na [[Amurka]]. Sunan shi ya shahara da rawar da ya taka a matsayin Brad Chase a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na TV Boston Legal, Oliver Richard a cikin wasan kwaikwayon [[NBC]] Harry's Law, [[Ofishin Bincike na Tarayya (FBI)|FBI]] Special Agent John Scott a cikin jerin [[Fox Broadcasting Company|Fox]] sci fi Fringe, Christopher Chance a cikin wasan wasan [[kwaikwayo]] na [[Fox Broadcasting Company|Fox]] Human Target, da Tommy Sullivan a cikin ABC's Body of Proof . == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Valley a Ogdensburg, New York . Ya kammala karatu a shekarar 1987 daga Kwalejin Sojan Amurka a West Point, New York, tare da digiri a lissafi. == Ayyuka == === Ayyukan soja === Ya yi aiki a [[Berlin]], inda ya buga wasan rugby ga ƙungiyar soja ta Amurka, The Berlin Yanks Rugby Football Club . Valley ya ga aiki a cikin Operation Desert Storm a matsayin jagoran rukuni mai cikakken bayani daga 18th Engineer Brigade zuwa 73rd Engineer Company, 3-2 Air Defense Artillery Battalion, 7th Transportation Group.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=Jennifer |date=January 30, 2009 |title=Mark Valley of 'Fringe' talks about playing dead as John Scott |url=http://blogs.pioneerlocal.com/entertainment/2009/01/mark_valley_of_fringe_talks_ab.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202085104/http://blogs.pioneerlocal.com/entertainment/2009/01/mark_valley_of_fringe_talks_ab.html |archive-date=February 2, 2009 |website=[[Pioneer Press]]}}</ref> === Yin wasan kwaikwayo === Valley ya sami rawar sa ta farko, a kan The Innocent (1993), yayin da yake aiki a cikin Sojojin Amurka a Jamus. [1] Ya sauka da rawar "Father Pete" a kan Wani Duniya a 1993. Daga baya ya ɗauki matsayin Jack Deveraux a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na NBC Daytime Days of Our Lives daga 1994 zuwa 1997. A cikin wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya na 2000 The Next Best Thing ya nuna Rupert Everett mai son allo. A shekara ta 2003, Valley ya buga Detective Eddie Arlette, wani jami'in 'yan Landan na Amurka a London, a kan ɗan gajeren Keen Eddie . Ya buga Brad Chase a kan Boston Legal, wani sashi na j''ER'' shirye-shiryen talabijin The Practice . Valley kuma ya bayyana a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na ER a matsayin Richard Lockhart, tsohon mijin Abby Lockhart. A shekara ta 2008 ya bayyana a kan Fringe, a matsayin [[Ofishin Bincike na Tarayya (FBI)|Wakilin FBI]] John Scott . Valley ya jagoranci wasan kwaikwayo na [[Fox Broadcasting Company|Fox]] Human Target . A cikin 2012, Valley ya shiga ABC's Body of Proof a matsayin jerin na yau da kullun. Ya buga Det. Tommy Sullivan, sha'awar soyayya ta Dana Delany.<ref name="Valleybop">{{Cite web |last=Andreeva |first=Nellie |date=July 28, 2012 |title=Mark Valley To Join 'Body Of Proof' As New Regular |url=https://deadline.com/2012/07/mark-valley-to-join-body-of-proof-as-new-regular-309071/ |access-date=July 29, 2012 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> Ya kuma yi aiki tare da Delany a cikin gajeren jerin Pasadena a shekara ta 2001. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=Jennifer |date=January 30, 2009 |title=Mark Valley of 'Fringe' talks about playing dead as John Scott |url=http://blogs.pioneerlocal.com/entertainment/2009/01/mark_valley_of_fringe_talks_ab.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202085104/http://blogs.pioneerlocal.com/entertainment/2009/01/mark_valley_of_fringe_talks_ab.html |archive-date=February 2, 2009 |website=[[Pioneer Press]]}}</ref> == Rayuwar Sirri == Yana da 'yar da aka haifa a shekarar 1987. Ya auri 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Australiya Anna Torv, tauraruwarsa ta Fringe, a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2008. A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2010, an ruwaito cewa ma'auratan sun rabu watanni da yawa da suka gabata. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1964]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] jbfw2b9opaaw9dvlccckraj2bmckzu4 0 133298 829811 773909 2026-05-05T04:13:38Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829811 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Databox}} '''Makarantar 'Yan Mata ta Shelford''' (wanda a da aka fi sani da Makarantar 'Yan Mata ta Shelford, Makarantar 'Yan Mata ta Cocin Shelford ta Ingila, kuma wani lokacin SCEGGS) makaranta ce mai zaman kanta ta 'yan mata ta Anglican. Tana cikin Caulfield, wani yanki na [[Melbourne]], Victoria, Ostiraliya. An kafa makarantar a shekarar 1898, kuma ta kasance memba na 'Yan Matan Wasannin Victoria (GSV), Ƙungiyar Shugabannin Makarantun Ƙarami ta Ostiraliya (JSHAA) da kuma Ƙungiyar Makarantun 'Yan Mata ta Australasia.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shelford Girls' Grammar |url=https://www.agsa.org.au/schools/shelford-girls-grammar-2/ |access-date=2 January 2017 |website=Alliance of Girls' Schools Australasia}}</ref> Makarantar shiga ce da ba ta da zaɓi, wadda ke da ɗalibai sama da 600.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shelford School Performance Information 2015 2016 Annual Report |url=http://www.shelford.vic.edu.au/upload/pages/annual-report/annual-report-2015-2016.pdf?1482206914 |access-date=2 January 2017 |website=Shelford Girls Grammar }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Shelford tana da Cibiyar Koyon Farko ta Ilimi, wadda ke koyar da ƙananan yara 'yan watanni 18, tare da samar da ƙungiyoyi ga yara 'yan shekara 3 da 4.<ref>[https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/4505894 Women's Sports: New Association Formed, ''The Argus'', (Saturday, 29 October 1932), p.27.]</ref> Shelford ta bai wa ɗalibai shirin Takardar Shaidar Ilimi ta Victoria (VCE), da kuma kwas ɗin Ilimi da Horarwa na Sana'o'i (VET). <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2022)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Shelford ta yi amfani da tsarin gidaje wanda ɗalibai suka shiga gasar tsakanin gidaje, tare da gidajen makaranta guda 4. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2022)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> == Tarihi == An kafa makarantar a shekarar 1898 a kan titin Glen Eira ta hannun Emily Dixon. An mayar da makarantar zuwa 77 Allison Road, Elsternwick, [undefined] ta hannun Dora Mary Petrie Blundell, [2] [3] [1] wacce ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabar makarantar ta biyu daga 1904 zuwa 1921. [4] 'Yan'uwanta mata, Lucy Annie Blundell, [5] Fanny Blundell, [6] da Margaret Helen Petrie Blundell sun tallafa wa Dora. [7] A matsayinsa na limamin Cocin Anglican na St Mary da ke Caulfield, Henry Langley ya daɗe yana ba wa ɗaliban Makarantar 'Yan Mata ta Shelford darussan koyarwa na addini na mako-mako tsawon shekaru da yawa. A shekara ta 1922, 'yan'uwan Blundell sun so su ba wa cocin makarantar makarantar. Sun tuntuɓi Archdeacon Langley, wanda ke da alhakin ƙaura ta ɗan lokaci daga 77 Allison Road, Elsternwick, zuwa Ɗakin Makarantar St Mary's Jubilee. [[Argus (Melbourne)|Argus]] ta ba da rahoto game da sake buɗewa da naɗin Archdeacon Langley na Ada Mary Thomas a matsayin shugabar makarantar: == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 99apj4fuggjtl537p6zcuf4x3fgu0an 0 133406 829765 798153 2026-05-04T23:56:59Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829765 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sayyid Mumtaz Ali Deobandi''' (27 Satumba 1860 - 15 Yuni 1935) masanin addinin Sunni ne kuma mai ba da shawara kan 'yancin mata a ƙarshen karni na 19. Ya kasance tsohon jami'in Darul Uloom Deoband . Littafinsa ''Huquq-e-Niswan'' da mujallar Tehzeeb-e-Biswan da ya fara tare da matarsa [[Muhammadi Begum]] an ce su ne ayyukan farko kan 'yancin mata.<ref name="mansoor">{{Cite journal |last=Moaddel |first=Mansoor |year=1998 |title=Religion and Women: Islamic Modernism versus Fundamentalism |journal=Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion |volume=37 |issue=1 |page=116 |doi=10.2307/1388032 |jstor=1388032}}</ref> == Tarihin rayuwa == An haifi Sayyid Mumtaz Ali a ranar 27 ga Satumba 1860 a Deoband, Indiya ta Burtaniya . Ya kasance ɗan'uwa kuma na zamani na Mahmud Hasan Deobandi kuma ya yi karatu a Darul Uloom Deoband tare da Muhammad Yaqub Nanautawi da Muhammad Qasim Nanautawi . Bayan kammala karatunsa daga makarantar sakandare ta Deoband, Mumtaz Ali ya koma [[Lahore]] kuma ya kafa gidan wallafe-wallafen "Darul Isha'at". A ranar 1 ga Yulin 1898, ya fitar da mujallar ''Tehzeeb-e-Niswan'' a karkashin editan matarsa [[Muhammadi Begum]]. Wannan mujallar ta ci gaba har zuwa 1949.<ref name="thenews" /> A shekara ta 1898, ya fara gidan wallafe-wallafen da ake kira "Rifah-e-Aam Press" a Lahore wanda aka ce ga manema labarai na farko a Lahore mai shi Musulmi ne.<ref name="thenews">{{Cite web |last=Tahir Kamran |author-link=Tahir Kamran |date=8 July 2018 |title=Re-imagining of Muslim Women - II |url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/tns/detail/565865-re-imagining-muslim-women-ii |access-date=20 August 2020 |website=thenews.com.pk |publisher=[[The News International]] }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A cikin 1905, ya fara mujallar, mai suna, ''Mushīr-e-Mādar'' (Mai ba da shawara ga mahaifiyar), sannan kuma mujallar yara ''Phūl'' (Flower) a cikin 1909, <ref name="sahafat" /> kuma ya kafa harsashin wallafe-wallafen yara a cikin Urdu. Mumtaz Ali ya sami girmamawa da taken "Shams-ul-Ulama" (lit: "Sun of Scholars") daga Gwamnatin Indiya ta Burtaniya a cikin 1934. <ref name="thenews"/> Ya mutu a ranar 15 ga Yuni 1935 a Lahore. == Ayyukan wallafe-wallafen == * ''Huquq-e-Niswan'' * ''Taz̲kiratulanbiyā'' * ''Tafṣīl al-bayān fī maqāṣid al-Qur'ān'' (6 kundin) * ''Naqsh bo uṭhe'' == Kyauta == Masanin tarihin Amurka, Gail Minault ta yi jayayya a cikin labarinta "Sayyid Mumtaz Ali da 'Huquq un-Niswan': Mai ba da shawara kan 'Yancin Mata a cikin Islama a ƙarshen ƙarni na sha tara" cewa, Mumtaz Ali's "Huquq-e-Nisw ba shakka ya yi nisa sosai a gaban lokutan sa. Idan aka ba da muhawara halin yanzu game da muhimmancin sake fasalin Musulmi, duk da haka, yana da kyau a tuna wannan farkon zakara na'yancin mata a cikin shar' alhtān, al-han, al-Hishishishish, Comm Ali' yan Adam, amma har ma ya yi magana a cikin aikin, al-Qurini.<ref name="gail">{{Cite journal |last=Minault |first=Gail |author-link=Gail Minault |year=1990 |title=Sayyid Mumtaz Ali and 'Huquq un-Niswan': An Advocate of Women's Rights in Islam in the Late Nineteenth Century |journal=Modern Asian Studies |volume=24 |issue=1 |pages=147–172 |doi=10.1017/S0026749X00001190 |jstor=312505 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Wannan aikin 6 na Mumtaz Ali a kan Alkur'ani ya kuma sami yabo daga masana ciki har da Anwar Shah Kashmiri, Abul Kalam Azad da [[Sulaiman Nadi|Syed Sulaiman Nadwi]].<ref name="sahafat" /> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [https://www.sabrang.com/cc/archive/2009/oct09/cover1.html The Supremacy Myth, adapted from Sayyid Mumtaz Ali's book ''Huquq-e-Niswan''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719165853/https://www.sabrang.com/cc/archive/2009/oct09/cover1.html |date=2023-07-19 }}, translated to English by [[Javed Anand]] {{Authority control}} [[Category:Mutuwan 1935]] n4xg9epg8dhsx77qx0xlvladv806763 0 134219 829625 775645 2026-05-04T16:22:39Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829625 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Muhammad Saad Kandhlawi''' (an haife shi 10 ga Mayu 1965) masanin addinin Musulmi ne kuma mai wa'azi. Shi ne babban jikan wanda ya kafa Tablighi Jamat Muhammad Ilyas Kandhlawi . <ref name="muslim500">{{Cite web |title=Saad Kandhalvi |url=https://www.themuslim500.com/profiles/saad-kandhalvi/ |access-date=30 March 2020 |website=themuslim500}}</ref> Ya jagoranci Ƙungiyar Nizamuddin na Tablighi Jamat . <ref name="thenews">{{Cite web |title=Tableeghi Jamaat in Britain splits into two factions |url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/354768-tableeghi-jamaat-in-britain-splits-into-two-factions |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190629125758/https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/354768-tableeghi-jamaat-in-britain-splits-into-two-factions |archive-date=29 June 2019 |access-date=30 March 2020 |website=TheNews.com.pk}}</ref><ref name="counter">{{Cite web |last=Ghazali |first=Abdus Satar |date=12 October 2018 |title=Global leadership split in Tablighi Jamaat echoes in San Francisco Bay Area |url=https://countercurrents.org/2018/10/global-leadership-split-in-tablighi-jamaat-echoes-in-san-francisco-bay-area |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200429132633/https://countercurrents.org/2018/10/global-leadership-split-in-tablighi-jamaat-echoes-in-san-francisco-bay-area |archive-date=29 April 2020 |access-date=30 March 2020 |website=countercurrents.org}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Molana Saadhla Kandwi a ranar 10 ga Mayu 1965 (1385 AH) a garin Kandhla na Yammacin Uttar Pradesh a Gundumar Shamli . Shi ne babban jikan wanda ya kafa Tablighi Jamat, Muhammad Ilyas Kandhlawi ta hanyar tsohon amereer na Tablighi Gamat Muhammad Yusuf Kandhlawi . Ya kammala karatunsa na Dars-e-Nizami daga Madrasa Kashiful Uloom a Nizamuddin Markaz, Nizamud din West, South Delhi a shekarar 1987.<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 January 2018 |title=Saad Kandhalvi: The Indian preacher at the centre of Ijtema dispute |url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2018/01/12/saad-kandhalvi-indian-preacher-centre-ijtema-dispute |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180610142012/https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2018/01/12/saad-kandhalvi-indian-preacher-centre-ijtema-dispute/ |archive-date=10 June 2018 |access-date=8 July 2018}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Tsohon shugaban Tablighi Jamat Inamul Hasan Kandhlawi ya kafa doka mai mambobi 10 kafin mutuwarsa a 1995 don kula da al'amuran Jamat. Yawancin malamai a cikin wannan rukuni sun mutu a tsakanin 1995 da 2015, gami da Zubair ul Hassan Kandhlawi . A ranar 16 ga Nuwamba 2015, an gudanar da wani taro a Raiwind Markaz don sauƙaƙe ci gaban dokokin shura da kuma cika wuraren da ba a yi amfani da su ba. Wannan ya haifar da kafa sabuwar kungiya da ta kunshi mambobi 13 ciki har da Muhammad Abdul Wahhab . Kandhlawi bai yarda da wannan shura ba kuma ya bayyana kansa a matsayin shugaban Jamat, wanda ya haifar da rikice-rikice a cikin motsi.<ref name="milli">{{Cite web |date=30 July 2016 |title=Tablighi Jamaat at the crossroads |url=http://www.milligazette.com/news/14612-tablighi-jamaat-at-the-crossroads |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200301055304/http://www.milligazette.com/news/14612-tablighi-jamaat-at-the-crossroads |archive-date=1 March 2020 |access-date=30 March 2020 |website=MilliGazette}}</ref> Daga baya ya fara jagorantar ƙungiyar Nizamuddin Markaz ta Tablighi Jamat.<ref name="muslim500"/><ref name="counter"/> == Karɓar baƙi == Wasu daga cikin maganganun Kandhlawi sun jagoranci malaman Deobandi su ba da fatawa a kansa. Mufti na Afirka ta Kudu Ebrahim Desai ya buga fatwa a shafin yanar gizon sa na Askimam . <ref name="askimam">{{Cite web |last=Mufti Ebrahim Desai |title=The Noble work of Tabligh and Ml Saad |url=http://www.askimam.org/public/question_detail/37487 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191027163922/http://www.askimam.org/public/question_detail/37487 |archive-date=27 October 2019 |access-date=30 March 2020 |website=AskImam.org |language=English}}</ref> Makarantar tauhidin Islama ta Indiya Darul Uloom Deoband ta ba da fatwa a kan Kandhlawi, tana tambayar jagorancinsa.<ref name="clarification">{{Cite web |title=Clarification Of Darul Uloom Deoband About Ruju Of Maulana Saad Kandhlawi |url=http://www.deoband.net/blogs/clarification-of-darul-uloom-deoband-about-ruju-of-maulana-saad-kandhlawi |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190928094551/http://www.deoband.net/blogs/clarification-of-darul-uloom-deoband-about-ruju-of-maulana-saad-kandhlawi |archive-date=28 September 2019 |access-date=30 March 2020 |website=Deoband.net}}</ref><ref name="stand">{{Cite web |title=Darul Uloom Deoband's Stand About Maulana Saad Kandhlawi Of Tabligh |url=http://www.deoband.net/blogs/darul-uloom-deobands-fatwa-about-maulana-saad-kandhlawi-of-tabligh |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200426183804/http://www.deoband.net/blogs/darul-uloom-deobands-fatwa-about-maulana-saad-kandhlawi-of-tabligh |archive-date=26 April 2020 |access-date=30 March 2020 |website=Deoband.net}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=12 January 2018 |title=Saad Kandhalvi: The Indian preacher at the centre of Ijtema dispute |url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2018/01/12/saad-kandhalvi-indian-preacher-centre-ijtema-dispute |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180610142012/https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2018/01/12/saad-kandhalvi-indian-preacher-centre-ijtema-dispute/ |archive-date=10 June 2018 |access-date=8 July 2018}}</ref> Zaid Mazahiri na Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama ya kuma rubuta litattafai da yawa game da wannan batun ciki har da Tablighi Jamat Ka Bahami Ikhtelaf da ke cikin Ittehad-o-Ittefaq da ke cikin Sulah-o-Safaii Ki ek Koshish (Rashin jituwa na Tablighi Gamat: ƙoƙari na haɗa kai, da sulhunta da juna). <ref name="zaid">{{Cite web |last=Zaid Mazahiri Nadwi |title=Tablighi Jamat Ka Bahami Ikhtelaf awr Ittehad-o-Ittefaq awr Sulah-o-Safaii Ki ek Koshish |url=https://archive.org/download/Mazmun-no1/%D9%85%D8%B6%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%20%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1%201.pdf |access-date=30 March 2020 |website=archive.org}}</ref> Bayan wadannan halayen, masanin Burtaniya Yusuf Motala ya rubuta kuma ya yi magana a cikin kare Kandhlawi.<ref name="motala">{{Cite web |title=Letter to Maulana Yusuf Motala |url=https://www.scribd.com/document/449529666/Letter-to-Moulana-Yusuf-Motala |access-date=30 March 2020 |website=Scribd}}</ref> === Nizamuddin Markaz COVID-19 hotspot === {{Reflist}} A cikin annobar [[Koronavirus 2019|COVID-19]] a Indiya, yawancin masu bautar daga Nizamuddin Markaz sun kamu da cutar COVID-19, <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 January 2018 |title=Saad Kandhalvi: The Indian preacher at the centre of Ijtema dispute |url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2018/01/12/saad-kandhalvi-indian-preacher-centre-ijtema-dispute |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180610142012/https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2018/01/12/saad-kandhalvi-indian-preacher-centre-ijtema-dispute/ |archive-date=10 June 2018 |access-date=8 July 2018}}</ref> wanda ya haifar da Gwamnatin Delhi ta yi rajistar FIR a kan Kandhlawi don shirya taron addini na Tablighi Jamat a Markaz, duk da ƙuntata irin waɗannan tarurruka bayan 16 Maris. <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 January 2018 |title=Saad Kandhalvi: The Indian preacher at the centre of Ijtema dispute |url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2018/01/12/saad-kandhalvi-indian-preacher-centre-ijtema-dispute |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180610142012/https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2018/01/12/saad-kandhalvi-indian-preacher-centre-ijtema-dispute/ |archive-date=10 June 2018 |access-date=8 July 2018}}</ref> <ref name="siasat">{{Cite web |last=Hashmi |first=Rasia |date=30 March 2020 |title=Nizamuddin:Delhi govt. orders FIR against Maulana Saad Kandhalvi |url=https://www.siasat.com/nizamuddindelhi-govt-orders-fir-against-maulana-saad-kandhalvi-1867122/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200331140032/https://www.siasat.com/nizamuddindelhi-govt-orders-fir-against-maulana-saad-kandhalvi-1867122/ |archive-date=31 March 2020 |access-date=30 March 2020 |website=siasat.com}}</ref> <ref name="indiatoday">{{Cite web |title=Nizamuddin congregation: Arvind Kejriwal orders FIR against maulana |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/nizamuddin-congregation-arvind-kejriwal-orders-fir-against-maulana-1661514-2020-03-30 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200330220434/https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/nizamuddin-congregation-arvind-kejriwal-orders-fir-against-maulana-1661514-2020-03-30 |archive-date=30 March 2020 |access-date=30 March 2020 |website=India Today}}</ref><ref name="auto">{{Cite web |title=Corona positive cases from Nizamuddin religious gathering spread across states, 6 dead in Telangana |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/newsscroll/corona-positive-cases-from-nizamuddin-religious-gathering-spread-across-states-6-dead-in-telangana/1785729 |website=Outlook (India)}}</ref> Sun kuma nemi taimako daga Kandhlawi da hukumomin masallaci don ba da damar masu bautar su bar wurin a ranar 25 ga Maris. Babban taron mai yaduwa a masallacin ya haifar da tabbatar da kamuwa da cutar 4,000 da akalla mutuwar da ta shafi COVID 27. Wata hanyar watsa labarai ta yi iƙirarin cewa an tuhumi Kandhlawi a ranar 16 ga Afrilu da kisan kai a kan taron; yayin da wata hanyar watsa labarai suka bayyana cewa ba a taɓa tuhumar da aka ɗora masa ba. Duk da cewa an kulle masallacin tun Maris 2020, a ranar 23 ga watan Agusta 2021, Babban Kotun Delhi ta umarci 'yan sanda na Delhi da su bude yankin zama na masallacin, wanda ke dauke da gidan Kandhlawi, cikin kwanaki biyu.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-08-23 |title=दिल्ली पुलिस को हाई कोर्ट की फटकार, 'दो दिन के अंदर मौलाना साद के घर को खोलने का आदेश' |trans-title=Delhi police reprimanded by High Court order to open Maulana Saad's house within two days |url=https://thereports.in/delhi-police-reprimanded-by-high-court-order-to-open-maulana-saads-house-within-two-days/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230101093706/https://thereports.in/delhi-police-reprimanded-by-high-court-order-to-open-maulana-saads-house-within-two-days/ |archive-date=1 January 2023 |access-date=2021-08-24 |website=The Reports |language=bn}}</ref> == Rayuwar iyali == Molana Saad surukin Salman Mazahiri ne .<ref name="millat1">{{Cite web |title=بڑی خبر : مولانا سعد کاندھلوی کی کورونا رپورٹ نیگیٹیو! |url=https://urdu.millattimes.com/archives/55067 |access-date=20 July 2020 |website=millattimes.com |language=Urdu |archive-date=21 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200721081243/https://urdu.millattimes.com/archives/55067 |url-status=dead }}</ref> A lokacin wani hari na 'yan sanda a watan Afrilu 2020, <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 January 2018 |title=Saad Kandhalvi: The Indian preacher at the centre of Ijtema dispute |url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2018/01/12/saad-kandhalvi-indian-preacher-centre-ijtema-dispute |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180610142012/https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2018/01/12/saad-kandhalvi-indian-preacher-centre-ijtema-dispute/ |archive-date=10 June 2018 |access-date=8 July 2018}}</ref> an fallasa shi a cikin kafofin watsa labarai cewa Molana Saad ta mallaki babban gidan gona a Gundumar Shamli ta Delhi. Gidan gonar yana da kayan aiki tare da ciki mai kyau, CCTVs, shinge na lantarki, karnuka masu tsattsauran ra'ayi. , tafkin yin iyo, <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 January 2018 |title=Saad Kandhalvi: The Indian preacher at the centre of Ijtema dispute |url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2018/01/12/saad-kandhalvi-indian-preacher-centre-ijtema-dispute |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180610142012/https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2018/01/12/saad-kandhalvi-indian-preacher-centre-ijtema-dispute/ |archive-date=10 June 2018 |access-date=8 July 2018}}</ref> motoci masu tsada, <ref name="pgurus.com">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2020 |title=Tablighi Chief Maulana Saad who preaches a simple lifestyle caught with a plush farmhouse, swimming pool, and high-end vehicles |url=https://www.pgurus.com/tablighi-chief-maulana-saad-who-preaches-a-simple-lifestyle-caught-with-his-plush-life-of-a-huge-farmhouse-swimming-pool-and-high-end-vehicles/}}</ref> dabbobi masu ban sha'awa da tsuntsaye masu ban shaʼawa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 January 2018 |title=Saad Kandhalvi: The Indian preacher at the centre of Ijtema dispute |url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2018/01/12/saad-kandhalvi-indian-preacher-centre-ijtema-dispute |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180610142012/https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2018/01/12/saad-kandhalvi-indian-preacher-centre-ijtema-dispute/ |archive-date=10 June 2018 |access-date=8 July 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=12 January 2018 |title=Saad Kandhalvi: The Indian preacher at the centre of Ijtema dispute |url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2018/01/12/saad-kandhalvi-indian-preacher-centre-ijtema-dispute |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180610142012/https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2018/01/12/saad-kandhalvi-indian-preacher-centre-ijtema-dispute/ |archive-date=10 June 2018 |access-date=8 July 2018}}</ref> Har ila yau, kafofin watsa labarai sun bayyana cewa ana biyan kuɗin wutar lantarki a ƙarƙashin sunan ɗansa, Yusuf bin Saad, wanda ya kara tabbatar da mallakar gidan.<ref>{{Cite news |author=Staff Reporter |date=31 March 2020 |title=Nizamuddin markaz had sought help from authorities for vacating premises |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/nizamuddin-markaz-had-sought-help-from-authorities-for-vacating-premises/article31214305.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200331211539/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/nizamuddin-markaz-had-sought-help-from-authorities-for-vacating-premises/article31214305.ece |archive-date=31 March 2020 |access-date=31 March 2020 |via=www.thehindu.com |newspaper=The Hindu}}</ref> An kiyaye dukiyar sosai a asirce kuma ba a san ta da mabiyansa ba yayin da Saad ke wa'azi game da salon rayuwa mai sauƙi.<ref name="pgurus.com" /> Dangi na Saad, Badrul Hassan ya kare Maulana Saad yana mai da'awar cewa kodayake ya mallaki gidan, yana zuwa can sau ɗaya kawai a kowane wata.<ref>{{cite news |date=4 April 2020 |title=30 Per Cent Of Coronavirus Cases Linked To Delhi Mosque Event: Government |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/coronavirus-tablighi-jamaat-30-per-cent-of-coronavirus-cases-linked-to-delhi-mosque-event-government-2206163 |access-date= |work=NDTV}}</ref> == Dubi kuma == * Jerin Deobandis == Manazarta == {{Reflist}}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}body.skin-vector-2022 .mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:27em}body.skin-vector-2022 .mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:22.5em}.mw-parser-output .references[data-mw-group=upper-alpha]{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .references[data-mw-group=upper-roman]{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .references[data-mw-group=lower-alpha]{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .references[data-mw-group=lower-greek]{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .references[data-mw-group=lower-roman]{list-style-type:lower-roman}.mw-parser-output div.reflist-liststyle-upper-alpha .references{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output div.reflist-liststyle-upper-roman .references{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output div.reflist-liststyle-lower-alpha .references{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output div.reflist-liststyle-lower-greek .references{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output div.reflist-liststyle-lower-roman .references{list-style-type:lower-roman}{{Authority control}}{{Tablighi Jamaat}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1965]] hefpykve6ns66d80vg6hhn8i6vf4xi6 0 134294 829643 817641 2026-05-04T19:09:15Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829643 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Salman Mazahiri''' (10 ga Oktoba 1946 - 20 ga Yuli 2020) masanin musulmi ne na Indiya wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban Mazahir Uloom Jadeed . == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Mazahiri a ranar 10 ga Oktoba 1946. Lokacin da yake da shekaru 15, ya shiga Mazahir Uloom, Saharanpur a 1962 (1381 AH) kuma ya kammala a 1386 AH. Ya yi karatun ''[[Sahi al-Bukhari|Sahih Bukhari]]'' tare da Zakariyya Kandhlawi, Sahih Muslim, ''[[Sunan an-Nasai|Sunan Nasai]]'', ''[[Al-Tirmidhi|Tirmidhi]]'' tare da Munawwar Hussain, ''[[Sunan Abu Dawood|Sunan Abu Dawud]]'' tare da Muzaffar Hussain da ''Al-Aqidah al-Tahawiyyah'' tare da Muhammad Asadullah . <ref name="biographical sketch">{{Cite web |last=Abdullah Khalid Qasmi Khairabadi |title=مولانا سید محمد سلمان مظاہری حیات مستعار کی ایک جھلک |trans-title=A biographical sketch of Salman Mazahiri |url=https://urdu.millattimes.com/archives/58747 |access-date=21 July 2020 |website=millattimes.com |language=Urdu |archive-date=21 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200721083029/https://urdu.millattimes.com/archives/58747 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya yi nazarin ''Mishkat al-Masabih'' tare da Muzaffar Hussain har zuwa babi na "manyan zunubai" sannan ya kammala shi tare da [[Muhammad Yunus Jaunpuri]] .<ref name="islamicportal">{{Cite web |last=Yusuf Shabbir |date=20 July 2020 |title=Obituary: Sayyid Mawlānā Muḥammad Salmān Maẓāhirī (1365/1946 – 1441/2020) |url=https://islamicportal.co.uk/obituary-sayyid-mawlana-muhammad-salman-mazahiri/ |access-date=22 July 2020 |website=islamicportal.co.uk}}</ref> Ya kasance almajirin [[Talha Kandhlawi]] . <ref name="bayyinaat">{{Cite journal |last=Ajaz Mustafa |date=September 2019 |title=آہ! حضرت مولانا محمد طلحہ کاندھلویؒ بھی داغ مفارقت دے گئے |trans-title=Alas! Maulana Talha has left us |url=https://www.banuri.edu.pk/bayyinat-detail/%D8%A2%DB%81-%D8%AD%D8%B6%D8%B1%D8%AA-%D9%85%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7-%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF-%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%AD%DB%81-%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%DA%BE%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C-%D8%A8%DA%BE%DB%8C-%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%BA-%D9%85%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%82%D8%AA-%D8%AF%DB%92-%DA%AF%D8%A6%DB%92 |journal=Bayyināt |language=Urdu |publisher=[[Jamia Uloom-ul-Islamia]] |access-date=20 July 2020}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Mazahiri ya fara koyarwa a Mazahir Uloom a shekarar 1968. A shekara ta 1972, ya koyar da ''Tafsir al-Jalalayn'' kuma a shekara ta 1976, ya zama farfesa na [[Hadisi|hadith]] a makarantar sakandare kuma ya koyar da ''Mishkat al-Masabih'' . <ref name="islamicportal"/><ref name="biographical sketch"/> Kwamitin gudanarwa na Mazahir Uloom Jadeed ya nada shi Mataimakin Shugaban kasa a shekarar 1992. Daga baya a ranar 30 ga Yulin 1996, Mazahiri ya zama Shugaban kasa.<ref name="biographical sketch" /> Talha Kandhlawi ta nada shi a matsayin manajan (Sajjada Nashin) na Khanqah na Zakariyya Kandhlawi . <ref name="bayyinaat"/> A shekara ta 2007, Mazahiri ta ki amincewa da ra'ayin Hukumar Madrasa ta Tsakiya a Indiya.<ref name="deoband">{{Cite web |last=Muhamamdullah Khalili Qasmi |date=15 May 2007 |title='Central Madrasa Board' is Unacceptable: 3500 Madrasa Delegates Take Unanimous Decision |url=http://www.deoband.net/blogs/central-madrasa-board-is-unacceptable |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200918111442/http://www.deoband.net/blogs/central-madrasa-board-is-unacceptable |archive-date=18 September 2020 |access-date=20 July 2020 |website=deoband.net}}</ref> Ya kasance memba na kwamitin All India Muslim Personal Law Board da Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama . <ref name="islamicportal"/> == Mutuwa == Mazahiri ya mutu a ranar 20 ga Yulin 2020. <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 July 2020 |title=مولانا سید محمد سلمان مظاہری اب اس درافانی سے رحلت فرما گئے &#124; روزنامہ نوائے ملت |url=https://www.nawaemillat.com/3341-2/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200720171027/https://www.nawaemillat.com/3341-2/ |archive-date=20 July 2020 |access-date=20 July 2020}}</ref> Jamiat Ulama-e-Hind Shugaban, Arshad Madani ya nuna baƙin ciki ta hanyar cewa mutuwar Mazahiri bala'i ne ga Musulmai na Indiya. == Rayuwar iyali == Mazahiri surukin Zakariyya Kandhlawi ne . Shugaban Tablighi Jamat Muhammad Saad Kandhlavi shi ne surukin Mazahiri.<ref name="millat1">{{Cite web |date=18 April 2020 |title=بڑی خبر : مولانا سعد کاندھلوی کی کورونا رپورٹ نیگیٹیو! |url=https://urdu.millattimes.com/archives/55067 |access-date=20 July 2020 |website=millattimes.com |language=Urdu |archive-date=21 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200721081243/https://urdu.millattimes.com/archives/55067 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1946]] [[Rukuni:Mutattun 2020]] q9zhohx3j2gavthapmv61yiel4koe6m 0 135570 829808 818031 2026-05-05T04:05:13Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829808 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Shelby Moore Cullom Davis (an haife shi a shekara ta 1937 [) ɗan ƙasar Amurka ne mai taimakon jama'a kuma mai saka hannun jari mai ritaya kuma manajan kuɗi. == Rayuwar farko da aiki == An haifi Davis a shekarar 1937, ɗan manajan kuɗi ne Shelby Cullom Davis da Kathryn Wasserman Davis . <ref>"All in the Davis Family: Still Picking Winners" Virginia Munger Kahn. New York Times, Late Edition (East Coast); New York, N.Y. [New York, N.Y]. 08 Feb 1998: 8</ref> Ya kammala karatunsa a Jami'ar Princeton kuma ya fara aikinsa a Bankin New York, <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Shelby Davis |url=https://www.skidmore.edu/international-students/davis-uwc/anniversary/profiles/davis.php |access-date=2021-11-12 |website=www.skidmore.edu |language=en |archive-date=2025-09-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250913161603/https://www.skidmore.edu/international-students/davis-uwc/anniversary/profiles/davis.php |url-status=dead }}</ref> inda ya zama mataimakin shugaban bankin mafi ƙaranci tun bayan Alexander Hamilton. <ref name="insidePhil">{{Cite web |date=31 December 2019 |title=Shelby Davis — Wall Street Donors Guide |url=https://www.insidephilanthropy.com/wall-street-donors/tag/Shelby+Davis}}</ref> Davis ya bar BNY a shekarar 1968 ya kafa kamfanin kula da saka hannun jari wanda daga ƙarshe ya zama Davis Selected Advisers, <ref name="ba">{{Cite web |date=14 June 2023 |title=Philanthropy Archives |url=https://www.bankers-anonymous.com/tag/philanthropy/.}}</ref> wanda a shekarar 2021 ya mallaki kimanin dala biliyan 37 a cikin asusu da dama. <ref>"All in the Davis Family: Still Picking Winners" Virginia Munger Kahn. New York Times, Late Edition (East Coast); New York, N.Y. [New York, N.Y]. 08 Feb 1998: 8</ref> Duk asusun Davis suna zuba jari a hannun jarin jama'a kuma an bayyana su a matsayin asusun "ƙimar hannun jari". Sunan Shelby Davis da irin waɗannan hannun jari ya kai matsayin da [[New York Times|jaridar New York Times]] ta kira shi "manajan asusun almara", mujallar Money "tatsuniya", mujallar Financial Advisor "tatsuniya", da kuma "mai saka hannun jari na almara" ta mujallar Kiplinger 's Personal Finance. A halin yanzu Davis yana auren matarsa ta biyu, Gale. <ref name=":1"/> Matarsa ta farko, Wendy A. Adams, 'yar shugaban ƙungiyar Boston Bruins ce , Weston Adams . Davis ya yi aiki na ɗan lokaci a matsayin Mataimakin Shugaban ƙungiyar Bruins, kuma sakamakon nasarar da ƙungiyar ta samu a gasar zakarun Turai a shekarar 1972, an rubuta sunansa a gasar cin kofin Stanley . <ref>"All in the Davis Family: Still Picking Winners" Virginia Munger Kahn. New York Times, Late Edition (East Coast); New York, N.Y. [New York, N.Y]. 08 Feb 1998: 8</ref> A shekarar 2012, John Rothchild ya buga wani bayanin Davis, mahaifinsa, da 'ya'yansa maza, mai suna "Daular Davis: Shekaru Hamsin na Nasarar Zuba Jari a Wall Street". == Taimakon jama'a == An san Shelby Davis a matsayin mai bayar da agaji mai karimci, musamman ga harkokin ilimi. <ref>"All in the Davis Family: Still Picking Winners" Virginia Munger Kahn. New York Times, Late Edition (East Coast); New York, N.Y. [New York, N.Y]. 08 Feb 1998: 8</ref> Daga cikin manyan waɗanda suka amfana da ayyukan agajinsa akwai ƙungiyar United World College da kuma ɗalibansa, Jami'ar Princeton, <ref>What Becomes a Legend Most? Woolley, Suzanne. Money. Jul2000, Vol. 29 Issue 7, p44</ref> wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin amintacce tun daga 2006, <ref>Chris And Shelby Davis Trade Places, April 2001, Alan Lavine, https://www.fa-mag.com/news/article-319.html?issue=7</ref> kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin masu ba da gudummawa mafi girma ga jami'ar a lokacin da yake cikin kwamitin gudanarwa. <ref>"All in the Davis Family: Still Picking Winners" Virginia Munger Kahn. New York Times, Late Edition (East Coast); New York, N.Y. [New York, N.Y]. 08 Feb 1998: 8</ref> Tallafinsa ga Kwalejojin Duniya na United World sun haɗa da biyan kuɗin gyara Montezuma Castle a harabar jami'ar Amurka. <ref>"All in the Davis Family: Still Picking Winners" Virginia Munger Kahn. New York Times, Late Edition (East Coast); New York, N.Y. [New York, N.Y]. 08 Feb 1998: 8</ref> <ref>"All in the Davis Family: Still Picking Winners" Virginia Munger Kahn. New York Times, Late Edition (East Coast); New York, N.Y. [New York, N.Y]. 08 Feb 1998: 8</ref> Ya ƙara tallafawa waɗannan makarantu ta hanyar Shirin Masana Kwalejin Duniya na Davis United, ƙalubalen Davis-UWC IMPACT da Shirin Dare zuwa Mafarki na Davis-UWC. <ref>"All in the Davis Family: Still Picking Winners" Virginia Munger Kahn. New York Times, Late Edition (East Coast); New York, N.Y. [New York, N.Y]. 08 Feb 1998: 8</ref> Ta hanyar Shirin Masana Kwalejin Duniya na Davis United, Davis ya samar da guraben karatu ga ɗalibai sama da 10,000 a kwalejoji da jami'o'i a faɗin duniya. <ref>"All in the Davis Family: Still Picking Winners" Virginia Munger Kahn. New York Times, Late Edition (East Coast); New York, N.Y. [New York, N.Y]. 08 Feb 1998: 8</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=UWC Scholars Program |url=https://www.ou.edu/admissions/uwc}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=The College of Idaho's Record-Setting Class Wins Davis Cup &#124; the College of Idaho |url=https://www.collegeofidaho.edu/news/college-idahos-record-setting-class-wins-davis-cup }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Davis United World College Scholars Program (DUWCSP) |url=https://www.skidmore.edu/international-students/davis-uwc/index.php }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 April 2015 |title=Davis United World College Scholars Program Marks 15 Years |url=https://www.middlebury.edu/newsroom/node/494015}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 January 2017 |title=Making the World a Better Place: Davis United World College Scholars at UF |url=https://ufprism.com/2017/01/22/making-the-world-a-better-place-davis-united-world-college-scholars-at-uf/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=LAVINE |first=ALAN |date=2001 |title=Chris And Shelby Davis Trade Places |url=https://www.fa-mag.com/news/article-319.html?issue=7}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 November 2022 |title=Major Private Gifts to Higher Education |url=https://www.chronicle.com/article/major-private-gifts-to-higher-education/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 February 2020 |title=Shelby Davis: "How UWC Has Made Me a Better Me" |url=https://perilofafrica.com/2020/02/shelby-davis-how-uwc-has-made-me-better.html}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Princeton - News - Multi-year, multi-million-dollar commitment will fund Davis UWC Scholarships, promote global understanding |url=http://pr.princeton.edu/news/00/q2/0403-davis.htm}}</ref> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim has too many footnotes for reading to be smooth. (September 2024)">ambato mai yawa</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Davis da matarsa suna kuma tallafawa ayyukan agaji na muhalli da na yanki, ciki har da a Maine, Wyoming, Florida, da Utah. <ref name="insidePhil"/> Davis ya bayyana ayyukansa na taimakon jama'a ta hanyar cewa "Ina ganin ilimi yana haifar da damammaki. Kullum yana game da matasa da makomarsu, kuma duk mun fahimci cewa tare da ilimi, matasa suna da damammaki fiye da ba tare da shi ba. Ina saka hannun jari a cikin ɗaliban UWC, musamman, saboda ina ganin suna samun wani nau'in ilimi na musamman a makarantun UWC. Suna gaya min wannan, akai-akai a cikin wasiƙunsu da kuma lokacin da na haɗu da su. Malamansu da farfesoshinsu suma suna gaya min haka". <ref>"All in the Davis Family: Still Picking Winners" Virginia Munger Kahn. New York Times, Late Edition (East Coast); New York, N.Y. [New York, N.Y]. 08 Feb 1998: 8</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1937]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] s5jtdo3ts1g47fmrhooln2gp8yv5rdq 0 135584 830156 811531 2026-05-05T11:49:12Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 830156 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Stephen Duneier''' ƙwararren manajan saka hannun jari ne na Amurka, mai ba da shawara kan dabarun aiki, mai jawabi, malami, marubuci, mai zane kuma mai riƙe da Guinness World Record. == Ilimi == Duneier ya halarci Jami'ar Florida daga 1985 zuwa 1987 kafin ya tafi don neman aiki a fannin gudanar da harkokin kuɗi tare da Drexel Burnham Lambert sannan kuma Prudential-Bache . Ya kammala karatunsa na farko a Jami'ar Florida Atlantic tare da digiri na BBA a fannin harkokin kuɗi da tattalin arziki sannan ya sami digiri na MBA a fannin harkokin kuɗi da tattalin arziki daga Makarantar Kasuwanci ta Jami'ar New York . <ref>{{Cite web |title=CEO, Stephen Duneier |url=http://www.bijaadvisorsllc.com/ceo-stephen-duneier.html |access-date=December 9, 2015 |website=Bija Advisors LLC}}</ref> == Sana'a a fannin kuɗi == Yayin da yake karatun digiri na biyu a NYU, Duneier ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan kasuwa mai neman canjin kuɗi na ƙasashen waje wanda ya ƙware a fannin kayayyakin da suka samo asali daga ƙasashen waje a Credit Suisse da ke birnin New York. Daga baya [[Bankin Amurka]] ya ɗauke shi aiki don faɗaɗa kasuwancinsa na musayar kuɗi zuwa kasuwannin Turai da kasuwannin da suka fara tasowa, daga ƙarshe kuma ya ƙara masa matsayi zuwa Shugaban Zabin Kuɗi na Duniya. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan da Bankin Amurka ya haɗu da Bankin Nations, Duneier ya koma AIG International inda daga ƙarshe aka naɗa shi babban darakta mai kula da harkokin kasuwanci na kasuwannin da suka fara tasowa kuma mazauninsa a London, Ingila. A shekara ta 2002, Duneier ya ƙaddamar da wani babban fayil na kasuwanci wanda aka sani da "TIP" ga AIG International. <ref>{{Cite web |title=CEO, Stephen Duneier |url=http://www.bijaadvisorsllc.com/ceo-stephen-duneier.html |access-date=December 9, 2015 |website=Bija Advisors LLC}}</ref> Ba da daɗewa ba bayan da kamfanin ya haɗu da Banque AIG, Duneier ya zama manajan babban fayil na duniya a London Diversified Fund Management da ke London sannan daga baya a Peloton Partners da ke Santa Barbara, California . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Drobny |first=Andres |title=Drobny Global Monitor |url=http://www.drobny.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/Conference-Review-Santa-Monica-2009-19.pdf |access-date=December 9, 2015 |website=Drobny |publisher=Drobny Global}}</ref> A shekara ta 2008, ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa Grant Capital Partners <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alternative Investment News |url=http://www.strandfund.com/images/Alternative_Investment_News_October_2008.pdf |access-date=December 9, 2015 |website=Strand Fund |publisher=Total Alternatives}}</ref> wanda ya kai dala $1.25&nbsp;biliyan biliyan a cikin kadarorin da ke ƙarƙashin gudanarwa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Friedman |first=Steven |title=Stephen Duneier; Bija Advisors |url=https://www.santangelsreview.com/stephen-duneier-bija-advisors/ |access-date=December 9, 2015 |website=Santangels Review |archive-date=December 22, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222103301/https://www.santangelsreview.com/stephen-duneier-bija-advisors/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya bar aiki a shekarar 2012 don ƙaddamar da Bija Capital Management kuma daga ƙarshe Bija Advisors LLC, wani kamfanin ba da shawara wanda ke ba da shawara ga ƙwararrun manajojin asusun hedge, CIO da masu raba kadarori. Ta hanyar Bija Advisors, yana magana da buga wasiƙar labarai bisa biyan kuɗi wanda ya shafi batutuwa kan tattalin arziki, kimiyyar fahimta, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cognitive science exposes a serious mistake made by most asset allocators |url=http://2n20.com/opinion-cognitive-science-exposes-a-serious-mistake-made-by-most-asset-allocators/ |access-date=December 9, 2015 |website=2n20.com |publisher=2n20 AG}}</ref> da gudanar da saka hannun jari. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Chen |first=Vivian |title=AUM's Impact on Performance |url=http://www.pmjar.com/?p=1589 |access-date=December 9, 2015 |website=PM Jar}}</ref> An fitar da littafin Duneier, ''AlphaBrain'' a watan Maris na 2019 (Wiley & Sons). == Aiki a matsayin mai ilimin kimiyyar fahimi == A shekara ta 2001, Duneier ya fara amfani da hanyarsa ta yanke shawara, wadda ya kira "Bija", a rayuwarsa ta kashin kansa, wanda ya haifar da dogon jerin manufofi da ƙuduri masu ban mamaki da aka tsara da cimmawa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=CEO, Stephen Duneier |url=http://www.bijaadvisorsllc.com/ceo-stephen-duneier.html |access-date=December 9, 2015 |website=Bija Advisors LLC}}</ref> A shekara ta 2012, ya kai ga matakin zafin jiki lokacin da ya fara 12 a shekara ta 2012, <ref>{{Cite web |title=CEO, Stephen Duneier |url=http://www.bijaadvisorsllc.com/ceo-stephen-duneier.html |access-date=December 9, 2015 |website=Bija Advisors LLC}}</ref> wani kuduri na Sabuwar Shekara wanda ya haɗa da Kudurin Koyo 12 da kuma Kudurin Ba da Shawara 12. A matsayin wani ɓangare na ƙudurinsa, ya yi wasa a ƙungiyoyin barkwanci ; ya koyi tashi da jirgin sama mai saukar ungulu ; ya hau kankara mai magudanar ruwa; ya yi tsere da motoci; yana da tushen canal ba tare da maganin sa barci ba; ya koyi yin magana da Jamusanci; ya karanta littattafai 50 a cikin makonni 52; <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alternative Investment News |url=http://www.strandfund.com/images/Alternative_Investment_News_October_2008.pdf |access-date=December 9, 2015 |website=Strand Fund |publisher=Total Alternatives}}</ref> ya halarci tseren rabin marathon na Pier to Peak; ya koyi yin keken hannu ɗaya ; ya yi amfani da tsalle-tsalle don hawa dutse; ya renon pit bull ; ya gina gidaje ga iyalai a [[Arizona]] ; ya koyi rawa a ɗakin rawa, yadda ake yin ganga, slackline, parkour, skydive ; kuma ya tashi da jiragen sama ta hanyar iska. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Friedman |first=Steven |title=Stephen Duneier; Bija Advisors |url=https://www.santangelsreview.com/stephen-duneier-bija-advisors/ |access-date=December 9, 2015 |website=Santangels Review |archive-date=December 22, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222103301/https://www.santangelsreview.com/stephen-duneier-bija-advisors/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya kafa tarihin Guinness World Record a matsayin mafi girman murabba'in kaka da aka yi da ƙugiya. Tsawonsa murabba'i ne 1,311, ya ƙunshi fiye da mil 30 na zare kuma yana da nauyin sama da fam 60. Ya ɗauki shekaru 2, watanni 7 da kwanaki 17 don ƙirƙirar, kuma ya buƙaci fiye da dinki biyu 500,000. <ref>{{Cite web |title=CEO, Stephen Duneier |url=http://www.bijaadvisorsllc.com/ceo-stephen-duneier.html |access-date=December 9, 2015 |website=Bija Advisors LLC}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=CEO, Stephen Duneier |url=http://www.bijaadvisorsllc.com/ceo-stephen-duneier.html |access-date=December 9, 2015 |website=Bija Advisors LLC}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Drobny |first=Andres |title=Drobny Global Monitor |url=http://www.drobny.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/Conference-Review-Santa-Monica-2009-19.pdf |access-date=December 9, 2015 |website=Drobny |publisher=Drobny Global}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alternative Investment News |url=http://www.strandfund.com/images/Alternative_Investment_News_October_2008.pdf |access-date=December 9, 2015 |website=Strand Fund |publisher=Total Alternatives}}</ref> Yanzu Duneier yana magana <ref>{{Cite web |title=CEO, Stephen Duneier |url=http://www.bijaadvisorsllc.com/ceo-stephen-duneier.html |access-date=December 9, 2015 |website=Bija Advisors LLC}}</ref> kuma yana rubutu game da gogewarsa da kuma yadda wasu za su iya ɗaukar fahimta daga binciken da aka gudanar a fannin [[Hanyoyin bincike a kimiyyar fahimta|kimiyyar fahimta]] domin yanke shawara mafi kyau da kuma cimma manyan manufofi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=CEO, Stephen Duneier |url=http://www.bijaadvisorsllc.com/ceo-stephen-duneier.html |access-date=December 9, 2015 |website=Bija Advisors LLC}}</ref> == Aiki a matsayin malami == Duneier yana koyar da darussa na matakin digiri na farko da na digiri na biyu kan nazarin yanke shawara a Kwalejin Injiniya a Jami'ar California da ke Santa Barbara . <ref>{{Cite web |title=CEO, Stephen Duneier |url=http://www.bijaadvisorsllc.com/ceo-stephen-duneier.html |access-date=December 9, 2015 |website=Bija Advisors LLC}}</ref> [[Fayil:Cold_Spring_Yarnbomb_Installation_by_Stephen_Duneier.JPG|thumb|Itacen eucalyptus mai tsawon ƙafa 40, mai nisan mil 2.6 sama da hanyar Cold Spring, an naɗe shi da zare.]] == Aiki a matsayin mai fasaha == Duneier ƙwararren mai zane ne na shigarwa, wani ɓangare na ƙungiyar fasahar fiber-art da aka sani da Yarnbombing . Tsarin aikinsa yana wanzuwa na tsawon kwanaki 9 kacal, yawanci a cikin Dajin Ƙasa na Los Padres . <ref>{{Cite web |title=CEO, Stephen Duneier |url=http://www.bijaadvisorsllc.com/ceo-stephen-duneier.html |access-date=December 9, 2015 |website=Bija Advisors LLC}}</ref> A matsayin wani ɓangare na ƙudurinsa na koyon sabbin ƙwarewa 12 a shekarar 2012, Duneier ya koyi yadda ake saka. Aikinsa na farko shi ne rufe bishiyar eucalyptus mai tsayin ƙafa 40, mai nisan mil 2.6 a kan hanyar Cold Spring Trail a Santa Barbara, California . <ref>{{Cite web |title=CEO, Stephen Duneier |url=http://www.bijaadvisorsllc.com/ceo-stephen-duneier.html |access-date=December 9, 2015 |website=Bija Advisors LLC}}</ref> Ya buƙaci murabba'in ƙafa 450 na kayan saƙa. An yi aikin na tsawon kwanaki 9 kacal kuma an ba da duk kayan da aka yi amfani da su ga Warm Up America, wata ƙungiyar agaji da ke [[North Carolina]] . A shekara mai zuwa ya naɗe wani babban dutse a kan hanyar hawan Saddlerock da ke saman Montecito, California . <ref>{{Cite web |title=CEO, Stephen Duneier |url=http://www.bijaadvisorsllc.com/ceo-stephen-duneier.html |access-date=December 9, 2015 |website=Bija Advisors LLC}}</ref> [[Fayil:Saddlerock_Yarnbomb_by_Stephen_Duneier.jpg|thumb|Hoton ginin bam na yarn na shekarar 2013 da Stephen Duneier ya gina a saman Saddlerock a tsaunukan da ke saman Montecito California.]] An kafa shi na uku a matsayin babban gidan gizo-gizo da aka yi da zare wanda ya rufe Kogon Sasquatch a cikin Filin Wasanni a Bakin Lizard. [[Fayil:Spiderweb_Yarnbomb_Installation_by_Stephen_Duneier.JPG|thumb|Kogon Sasquatch a bakin Lizards a Santa Barbara, California]] A karo na huɗu da ya fara aiki, Duneier ya ƙirƙiri wani babban kifin starfish da aka yi da zare mai haske daga Red Heart Yarns kuma ya rataye shi a tsayin ƙafa 40 a saman Seven Falls Trail. [[Fayil:Starfish_Yarnbomb_Installation_by_Stephen_Duneier.jpg|thumb|Hanyar Bakwai ta Faɗuwa a tsaunukan Santa Barbara, California]] An yi masa na biyar a Kwalejin Santa Barbara City inda ya shimfida kusan murabba'in ƙafa 2,500 na kayan saƙa da aka yi da zare a kan filin. [[Fayil:SBCC_Yarnbomb_by_Stephen_Duneier.PNG|thumb|An shimfida kayan saƙa da aka yi da zare mai faɗin ƙafa 2,500 a SBCC da ke Santa Barbara.]] [[Fayil:Lizards_Mouth_Yarnbomb_by_Stephen_Duneier.jpg|thumb|Manyan duwatsu 18 da aka naɗe da zare a bakin Lizard a dajin ƙasa na Los Padres da ke sama da Santa Barbara, CA.]] A karo na shida da ya fara aiki, ya gayyaci masu fasahar fiber daga ko'ina cikin duniya su yi aiki tare da shi ta hanyar aika masa da sassaka da aka yi da saƙa na kowane girma, siffa, launi da salo don shiga. Ya sami gudummawa daga masu fasaha 388 a ƙasashe 36 da dukkan jihohin Amurka 50. Tare da aikinsa, ya naɗe manyan duwatsu 18 a Lizards Mouth a cikin Dajin Ƙasa na Los Padres da ke sama da Santa Barbara a California. [[Fayil:Alien_Campsite_yarnbomb_installation_by_Stephen_Duneier.jpg|thumb|Baƙi 10 da tanti 24 da aka lulluɓe da zare a kan kwarin Davey Brown Trailhead a sama da Santa Ynez a California.]] Aikinsa na baya-bayan nan an kira shi wurin sansanin baƙi <ref>{{Cite web |title=CEO, Stephen Duneier |url=http://www.bijaadvisorsllc.com/ceo-stephen-duneier.html |access-date=December 9, 2015 |website=Bija Advisors LLC}}</ref> inda ya haɗa ƙarin kayan aiki ciki har da fiberglass, itace, da ƙarfe ban da zare . <ref>{{Cite web |title=CEO, Stephen Duneier |url=http://www.bijaadvisorsllc.com/ceo-stephen-duneier.html |access-date=December 9, 2015 |website=Bija Advisors LLC}}</ref> Ya ƙirƙiri baƙi 10 da tanti 24 don shigarwa wanda ya ɗauki tsawon awanni 36 kacal kafin iska mai ƙarfi ta wargaza shi a cikin kwarin. Hukumar Kula da Daji ta Amurka ta ba da izinin shigarwar don yankin da ke ƙasa da Davey Brown Trailhead. Ya haɗa da ayyukan Duneier da gudummawar masu fasahar fiber 656 daga ƙasashe 41 da duk jihohi 50. Aikin Duneier yana wakiltar Sullivan Goss Gallery. A matsayin wani ɓangare na aikinsa da aka bayyana na gina al'umma ta duniya ta mutane masu kirki da kirkire-kirkire, <ref>{{Cite web |title=CEO, Stephen Duneier |url=http://www.bijaadvisorsllc.com/ceo-stephen-duneier.html |access-date=December 9, 2015 |website=Bija Advisors LLC}}</ref> Duneier yana ɗaukar nauyin shirin Yarnbomber inda yake gabatar da hirarraki da shahararrun masu jefa ƙuri'a daga ko'ina cikin duniya, ciki har da Carol Hummel, London Kaye da Jessie Hemmons. <ref>{{Cite web |title=CEO, Stephen Duneier |url=http://www.bijaadvisorsllc.com/ceo-stephen-duneier.html |access-date=December 9, 2015 |website=Bija Advisors LLC}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * Son zuciya a fahimta * Fasahar ƙasa * Fasaha ta Musamman a Wurin Aiki * Fasahar muhalli * Binciken Shawara * Bija * Bam ɗin yarn * Zane-zanen zare == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1967]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] orgi8x5o58pzrjwo54bpfp39ipovz02 0 135750 830114 815719 2026-05-05T11:15:51Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 5 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 830114 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Stavros Lambrinidis''' (Girkanci; an haife shi a ranar 6 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 1962) lauya ne kuma ɗan siyasa na Girka, a halin yanzu yana aiki a matsayin Jakadan Tarayyar Turai a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya . <ref>{{Cite web |title=New Head of European Union Delegation Presents Letter of Appointment {{!}} Meetings Coverage and Press Releases |url=https://press.un.org/en/2024/bio5521.doc.htm |access-date=2024-03-08 |website=press.un.org |archive-date=2024-03-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240308162058/https://press.un.org/en/2024/bio5521.doc.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya kasance a baya Jakadan Tarayyar Turai a Amurka daga Maris 2019 har zuwa Disamba 2023, wakilin musamman na Tarayyar Tarayyar Duniya na haƙƙin ɗan adam daga 2012 zuwa 2019 kuma Ministan Harkokin Waje a Girka daga Yuni 2011 zuwa Nuwamba 2011.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-03-04 |title=Immediate Change to the EU Delegation to the United States' Protocol Status |url=https://useu.usmission.gov/immediate-change-to-the-eu-delegation-to-the-united-states-protocol-status-2/ |access-date=2019-06-19 |publisher=U.S. Mission to the European Union}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Lambrinidis a [[Athens]] a ranar 6 ga Fabrairu 1962. BA kammala karatunsa daga makarantar sakandare ta Kwalejin Athens, an shigar da Lambrinidis a Jami'ar Chicago a 1980 kuma ya koma Kwalejin Amherst a 1981, inda ya sami digiri na BA a fannin tattalin arziki da kimiyyar siyasa tare da bambancin ''Magna cum laude'', Phi Beta Kappa da kuma tallafin karatu don sauran karatunsa. Ya kammala karatunsa a shekarar 1988 tare da digiri na J.D. daga Yale Law School . A Jami'ar Yale, Lambrinidis ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin malami a Makarantar Ƙungiya da Gudanarwa kuma ya kasance manajan edita Jaridar Yale ta Shari'ar Duniya . <ref name="CV">{{Cite web |title=Extensive Curriculum Vitae |url=http://lambrinidis.gr/index.php?pathID=1_997_1182_1220_1234&aid=1934 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160911183437/http://lambrinidis.gr/index.php?pathID=1_997_1182_1220_1234&aid=1934 |archive-date=2016-09-11 |access-date=2016-07-24 |publisher=Stavros Lambrinidis}}</ref> == Farkon aiki == [[Fayil:Συνέντευξη_Υπουργού_Εξωτερικών_Σταύρου_Λαμπρινίδη_σε_BBC_News_-_Foreign_Minsters_Stavros_Lambrinidis_interview_on_BBC_News(27.10.11)_(6302221876).jpg|left|thumb|Tattaunawar Ministan Harkokin Waje Stavros Lambrinidis a BBC News a watan Oktoba 2011]] Lambrinidis ya horar da shi a harkokin Kasuwanci na kasa da kasa, Ma'amaloli da sasantawa, <ref>{{Cite web |title=New Head of European Union Delegation Presents Letter of Appointment {{!}} Meetings Coverage and Press Releases |url=https://press.un.org/en/2024/bio5521.doc.htm |access-date=2024-03-08 |website=press.un.org }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> a matsayin abokin aiki na Lloyd Cutler <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-03-04 |title=Immediate Change to the EU Delegation to the United States' Protocol Status |url=https://useu.usmission.gov/immediate-change-to-the-eu-delegation-to-the-united-states-protocol-status-2/ |access-date=2019-06-19 |publisher=U.S. Mission to the European Union}}</ref> (wanda ya kafa Wilmer, Cutler &amp;amp; Pickering a [[Washington, D.C.|Washington, DC]] kuma mai ba da shawara kan shari'a na [[White House|Fadar White House]] a lokacin shugabancin [[Jimmy Carter]] da [[Bill Clinton]]). Ya kuma kasance shugaban kwamitin kare hakkin dan adam a kungiyar lauyoyi ta Washington, DC. Lambrinidis ya fara aiki a [[Girka (ƙasa)|Girka]] a shekarar 1994 a matsayin mai ba da shawara na musamman ga tsohon Firayim Minista na Girka kuma Shugaban Socialist International George A. Papandreou, kuma ya ci gaba a matsayin shugaban ma'aikatan Ministan Harkokin Waje a lokacin da Theodoros Pangalos ya kasance a cikin ma'aikatar a shekarar 1996. Tsakanin 1996 da 1999, ya kasance babban sakatare na ma'aikatar harkokin waje ta Girka wanda ke da alhakin Helenawa da ke zaune a kasashen waje. Daga baya ya zama Jakada a Babban Jamhuriyar Hellenic kuma, a cikin 2000, babban darakta na Cibiyar Harkokin Wasannin Olympics ta Duniya (Kwamitin Wasannin Olympics na Duniya). A wannan lokacin, Lambrinidis ya kasance malami mai ziyara a Kwalejin Wasannin Olympics ta Duniya a Athens, da kuma malami a Kwalejojin diflomasiyya da 'yan sanda na Girka. Ya kuma kasance mai magana da baki a taron tattalin arzikin duniya a Davos, [[Switzerland]], a cikin 2003 da 2004. <ref>{{Cite web |title=New Head of European Union Delegation Presents Letter of Appointment {{!}} Meetings Coverage and Press Releases |url=https://press.un.org/en/2024/bio5521.doc.htm |access-date=2024-03-08 |website=press.un.org }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Majalisar Tarayyar Turai == Lambrinidis ya fara aikinsa a Majalisar Tarayyar Turai a ranar 20 ga Yulin 2004, <ref>{{Cite web |title=New Head of European Union Delegation Presents Letter of Appointment {{!}} Meetings Coverage and Press Releases |url=https://press.un.org/en/2024/bio5521.doc.htm |access-date=2024-03-08 |website=press.un.org }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> a matsayin memba na Majalisar Tarayyaa ta Jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party PA. SO. Girka. SO. K. Bayan 'yan watanni, an zabe shi a matsayin mataimakin shugaban jam'iyyar European Socialists kuma, a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2005, a matsayin shugaban tawagar majalisar dokokin Panhellenic Socialist Movement (PA.SO.K.) zuwa Majalisar Tarayyar Turai. A wannan lokacin, Lambrinidis ya kasance mataimakin shugaban kwamitin majalisa kan 'yanci, adalci da harkokin cikin gida (LIBE), <ref>{{Cite web |title=New Head of European Union Delegation Presents Letter of Appointment {{!}} Meetings Coverage and Press Releases |url=https://press.un.org/en/2024/bio5521.doc.htm |access-date=2024-03-08 |website=press.un.org }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> memba na wakilin hulɗa da [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-03-04 |title=Immediate Change to the EU Delegation to the United States' Protocol Status |url=https://useu.usmission.gov/immediate-change-to-the-eu-delegation-to-the-united-states-protocol-status-2/ |access-date=2019-06-19 |publisher=U.S. Mission to the European Union}}</ref> da kuma mataimakin memba na wakilan hulɗa da [[Iran]] da kwamitin harkokin kundin tsarin mulki. A watan Yulin 2009, an zabi Lambrinidis a matsayin Mataimakin Shugaban Majalisar Tarayyar Turai, <ref>{{Cite web |title=New Head of European Union Delegation Presents Letter of Appointment {{!}} Meetings Coverage and Press Releases |url=https://press.un.org/en/2024/bio5521.doc.htm |access-date=2024-03-08 |website=press.un.org }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> yayin da a watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2010, ya kasance mai magana da yawun Taron Tsaro da Sirriyar Bayanai na Turai. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-03-04 |title=Immediate Change to the EU Delegation to the United States' Protocol Status |url=https://useu.usmission.gov/immediate-change-to-the-eu-delegation-to-the-united-states-protocol-status-2/ |access-date=2019-06-19 |publisher=U.S. Mission to the European Union}}</ref> A cikin 2012 a matsayin sanannen ɗan siyasa, tare da ƙwarewa mai yawa a fagen diflomasiyya, cinikayya ta duniya, alaƙar ƙasashen waje da kuma halin siyasa, an ɗauki Lambrinidis a matsayin babban ɗan takara don matsayin Mataimakin Sakatare Janar na Bayanan Jama'a na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kafin ɗaukar ayyukansa na Tarayyar Turai a matsayin Wakilin Musamman na 'Yancin Dan Adam na EU.[1] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1962]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] t6ty81431ai5hzkpngxhgd1llbkxs3u 0 135821 829934 778582 2026-05-05T07:41:59Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 3 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829934 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Simon Wardley''' wani mai bincike ne ɗan ƙasar Birtaniya kuma tsohon shugaban kamfanin da aka fi sani da ƙirƙirar taswirar Wardley . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Wardley |first=Simon |date=19 March 2015 |title=An introduction to Wardley 'Value Chain' Mapping |url=http://cio.co.uk/it-strategy/introduction-wardley-value-chain-mapping-3604565/ |access-date=2019-10-31 |website=CIO magazine }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=What is mapping? |url=https://www.map-camp.com/_pages/what_is_mapping/ |access-date=2019-10-31 |website=Map Camp}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mosior |first=Ben |date=18 May 2018 |title=What are Wardley Maps? Using Miro for Wardley Mapping |url=https://miro.com/blog/wardley-maps-whiteboard-canvas/ |access-date=2019-10-31 |website=Miro}}</ref> == Taswirar Wardley ==   Taswirar Wardley taswira ce ta dabarun kasuwanci. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Wardley |first=Simon |date=19 March 2015 |title=An introduction to Wardley 'Value Chain' Mapping |url=http://cio.co.uk/it-strategy/introduction-wardley-value-chain-mapping-3604565/ |access-date=2019-10-31 |website=CIO magazine }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Dabaru ce ta gudanar da dabaru da ake amfani da ita don hango abubuwan da ke cikin kasuwanci ko sabis a kan taswira mai girma biyu. Wannan yana taimakawa wajen fahimtar yanayin da ake ciki da kuma tsara makomar ta hanyar la'akari da yadda sassa daban-daban na kasuwancin ke ci gaba da canzawa a tsawon lokaci. An sanya sassan a cikin [[Value chain|sarkar ƙima]] kuma an haɗa su da buƙatar mai amfani, tare da motsi da aka bayyana ta hanyar canjin yanayi. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Wardley |first=Simon |date=19 March 2015 |title=An introduction to Wardley 'Value Chain' Mapping |url=http://cio.co.uk/it-strategy/introduction-wardley-value-chain-mapping-3604565/ |access-date=2019-10-31 |website=CIO magazine }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Gatari biyu na taswirar suna wakiltar: == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] g6wuin6e90kn7ymkw4c3h8xjkow06cw 0 135935 830107 790007 2026-05-05T10:52:06Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 830107 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Anastasia "Stacey" Travers 'yar siyasar Amurka ce, masanin kimiyya, kuma tsohuwar Sojojin Amurka. Ita memba ce ta Democrat a Majalisar Wakilai ta Arizona da aka zaba don wakiltar Gundumar 12 a 2022. == Rayuwa == An haifi Travers a Athens ga mahaifin soja na Amurka da mahaifiyar Girka.[1] Ta yi aiki a cikin Sojojin Amurka a matsayin mai tsayar da bayanan Rasha. [1] Ta kammala B.S. a cikin ilimin kimiyyar ƙasa daga Jami'ar Arizona . [1][2] Ta gudanar da karatun digiri na biyu a Jami'ar Oxford . Ta yi aiki tare da tsoffin sojoji masu nakasa da wadanda ba a kare su ba a Ingila.[2] Lokacin da ta koma Amurka, ta yi aiki a Yammacin Los Angeles kuma ta kasance mai hulɗa da majalisa a Sacramento, California.[2] Travers ya yi aiki ga AMVETS kuma ya ba da shawara ga batutuwan mata masu tsufa, marasa gida, da nakasassu.[1] Ta kuma ba da shawara ga reshen Pacific na Gidan Gida na Ƙasa don Sojojin Tsofaffi. [1] An zabi Travers a Majalisar Wakilai ta Arizona a shekarar 2022.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Maryniak |first=Paul |date=December 18, 2022 |title=Ahwatukee's 2 new lawmakers ready to work |url=https://www.ahwatukee.com/news/article_689cba5e-7b0e-11ed-ad63-2f5b8931d077.html |access-date=2023-01-08 |website=Ahwatukee Foothills News |language=en}}</ref> Tana aiki a kan harkokin soja da tsaron jama'a da kwamitocin samar da makamashi da ruwa.<ref name=":0" /> Travers yana da 'ya'ya biyu.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Endorsement: Stacey Travers |url=https://www.newpolitics.org/stacey-travers |access-date=2023-01-08 |website=New Politics |language=en-US }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] cnmxqlfgot5vkt382hhjl7dziyz47ku 0 136142 829921 818080 2026-05-05T06:33:08Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829921 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Athanasia "Sia" Anagnostopoulou''' (Girkanci: Αναγνωστοπούλου; an haife shi a watan Maris na shekara ta 1959 ) ɗan siyasan Girka ne kuma masanin kimiyya wanda ya kasance Mataimakin Ministan Harkokin Waje a cikin Ma'aikatar Biyu ta Alexis Tsipras . hagu 18 ga Yuli zuwa 28 ga Agusta 2015, ta yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Ministan Harkokin Turai a cikin Ma'aikatar farko ta Alexis Tsipras . Anagnostopoulou mataimakiyar farfesa ce a fannin tarihi a Jami'ar Panteion (tun daga shekara ta 2004), kuma ta kasance farfesa mai ziyara a Jami'an New York, Jami'ar Cyprus da Makarantar Nazarin Ci gaba a Kimiyya ta Jama'a. == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Anagnostopoulou a Patras a shekara ta 1959. <ref name="curvit">{{Cite web |title=Alternate Foreign Minister for European Affairs |url=http://www.mfa.gr/en/leadership/the-deputy-ministers/alternate-foreign-minister-for-european-affairs.html |access-date=13 August 2015 |website=[[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Greece)|Hellenic Republic Ministry of Foreign Affairs]]}}</ref> Ta halarci Lyceum na 4 na Patras kafin ta koma [[Athens]]. Anagnostopoulou ya yi karatu a Sashen Nazarin Byzantine da Girkanci na zamani, na Faculty of Philosophy a Jami'ar Athens. Ta ci gaba da karatunta a birnin [[Faris|Paris]], inda ta sami digiri biyu. Da farko, digiri a cikin [[Turkanci|Harshen Turkiyya]] da al'adu daga Institut National des Langues et Civilisations Orientales (INALCO), kuma na biyu DEA a ''Tarihi da wayewa'' daga Jami'ar Pantheon-Sorbonne.<ref name="curvit"/> Ta kammala digirinta na PhD a tarihi a Makarantar Nazarin Ci gaba a Kimiyya ta Jama'a (EHESS) a 1993.<ref name="depcv">{{Cite web |title=Athanasia Anagnostopoulou |url=http://keni.panteion.gr/index.php/en/people-en?id=53 |access-date=24 May 2016 |website=Department of Political Science and History, Panteion University }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Ayyukan ilimi == [[Fayil:Hountis_Anagnostopoulou.jpg|right|thumb|Anagnostopoulou tare da wanda ya riga ta a matsayin Mataimakin Minista, Nikolaos Chountis .]] Anagnostopoulou ta koyar da shekaru tara, daga 1995 zuwa 2004, a Sashen Nazarin Turkiyya da Gabas ta Tsakiya na Jami'ar Cyprus, kuma tun daga shekara ta 2004 ta koyar a Sashen Kimiyya da Tarihi na Siyasa na Jami'an Panteion. A halin yanzu ita ce farfesa a fannin tarihi a Panteion . <ref name="depcv"/> Ta koyar a matsayin farfesa mai ziyara a jami'o'i da yawa a Turai da Amurka, kuma ta wallafa da yawa.[1] Ta kasance farfesa mai ziyara a Jami'ar New York a shekara ta 2000, a Jami'an Cyprus daga shekara ta 2008 zuwa shekara ta 2009, kuma a Makarantar Nazarin Ci gaba a Kimiyya ta Jama'a a shekara ta 2011. [2] Babban sha'awar bincikenta shine kishin kasa a Girka, Turkiyya da Cyprus, da mulkin mallaka a Cyprus.[3] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1959]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 57ksgklbb9vlwhk5uv20httum22nr4m 0 136162 829944 779161 2026-05-05T08:25:06Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829944 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''''Sirat-un-Nabi''''' (Urdu: سیرت النبی) littafi ne na Urdu guda bakwai na [[Muhammad|Annabi Muhammadu]] wanda Shibli Nomani ya rubuta kuma ɗalibinsa [[Sulaiman Nadi|Sulaiman Nadvi]] ya kammala shi. An yi la'akari da aikin Nomani na ƙarshe kuma mafi mahimmanci, ya gabatar da rayuwar Annabi daga hangen nesa na falsafa da nazari, wanda ya haifar da wasu zargi daga malaman gargajiya. [2 ya fara aikin a 1903 kuma ya kafa ofishi a Lucknow a 1912 don kammala shi, tare da Nadvi yana taimakawa ta hanyar tattara kayan daga tushen Larabci. Nomani ya gama kundin biyu kawai kafin mutuwarsa a shekara ta 1914, bayan haka Nadvi ya buga su kuma ya rubuta sauran kundin biyar a cikin salon malaminsa.<ref name=":0" /> == Littattafai biyu na farko == Shibli ne ya rubuta kundin farko na ''Sirat-un-Nabi''. Volume na farko, wanda aka saki a watan Agustan 1918, ya ƙunshi shafuka 622 kuma yana mai da hankali kan rayuwar Annabi Muhammadu daga haihuwarsa har zuwa shekaru ashirin kafin annabcinsa.{{Sfn|Baharul Islam|2017}} Volume na biyu, wanda aka buga a 1920 tare da sake dubawa da Nadvi ya yi, ya ƙunshi shafuka 439 kuma ya rufe shekaru uku na ƙarshe na rayuwar Annabi. Ya tattauna manyan abubuwan da suka faru kamar kafa mulkin Islama, yaduwar Islama a Arabiya, kammala dokar Islama, aikin hajji na Farewell, mutuwar Annabi, halayensa na kansa, ayyukan yau da kullun, halin kirki, da rayuwar iyali. == Littattafai biyar na ƙarshe == Bayan mutuwar Shibli, Sulaiman Nadvi ya kammala sauran kundin biyar na ''Sirat-un-Nabi'', yana ba da aikinsa na ƙarshe. Volume na uku (1924, shafuka 868) yana magana ne game da mu'ujjizan Annabi Muhammadu da shaidun annabcinsa. Ya bayyana bambancin tsakanin mu'ujizai da sihiri, ta amfani da nassoshi daga Alkur'ani, hadisai na gaskiya, da malaman gargajiya. Nadvi ya kammala cewa Alkur'ani shine mu'ujiza mafi girma kuma mai dorewa na Annabi.{{Sfn|Baharul Islam|2017}} Volume na huɗu (1932, shafuka 888) ya tattauna yanayin da muhimmancin annabci, gami da bukatarsa, halaye, wahayi, da ilimin allahntaka. Har ila yau, yana nazarin ainihin imani na Islama kamar bangaskiya ga Allah, mala'iku, annabawa, littattafai masu tsarki, bayan rayuwa, da umarnin Allah.{{Sfn|Baharul Islam|2017}} Volume na biyar (1935, shafuka 255) yana mai da hankali kan bautar Islama, yana kwatanta manufar da nau'ikan bautar, gami da addu'a, azumi, zakat, aikin hajji, da [[jihadi]]. Har ila yau, yana nuna kyawawan halaye na ɗabi'a da na ruhaniya kamar gaskiya, ibada, da haƙuri.{{Sfn|Baharul Islam|2017}} Volume na shida (1938, shafuka 872) ya rufe ka'idojin Islama da halin kirki. Ya gabatar da Annabi Muhammadu a matsayin abin koyi na hali kuma ya tattauna halin kirki da mara kyau, ayyukan mutum, da halayyar zamantakewa.{{Sfn|Baharul Islam|2017}} Volume na bakwai (1955, wanda aka buga bayan mutuwar Nadvi) ya kasance ba a gama shi ba. An yi niyyar tattauna dokar Islama, shugabanci, da ka'idodin zamantakewa a ƙarƙashin sashin Mu'amalat (ma'amala da shari'a). Sashe da aka buga ya haɗa da gabatarwa da surori biyar game da ka'idodin siyasar Islama, mulki a lokacin Annabi, da kuma manufar ikon allahntaka.{{Sfn|Baharul Islam|2017}} == Nazarin == <ref>{{TDV Encyclopedia of Islam|title=ŞİBLÎ NU‘MÂNÎ|first=Anis|last=Ahmad|url=https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/sibli-numani}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last3=Sulaiman Nadvi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Siddiqui |first=Yasin Mazhar |author-link=Yasin Mazhar Siddiqui |date=2014 |title=Talif Seerat al-Nabi: Pas manzar o paishkash |url=https://www.rekhta.org/ebooks/detail/saheefa-shibli-number-shumara-number-218-219-magazines |journal=Saheefa |publisher=Majlis Taraqqi Adab |issue=218–219 |pages=236–276}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ikram |first=Sheikh Muhammad |author-link=Yasin Mazhar Siddiqui |date=2014 |title=Seerat al-Nabi |url=https://www.rekhta.org/ebooks/detail/saheefa-shibli-number-shumara-number-218-219-magazines |journal=Saheefa |publisher=Majlis Taraqqi Adab |issue=218–219 |pages=276–290}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Arif Umari |first=Muhammad |date=1996 |editor-last=Anjum |editor-first=Khaliq |title=Seerat al-Nabi |url=https://www.rekhta.org/ebooks/urdu-adab-new-delhi-shibli-number-shumara-number-001-002-003-khaliq-anjum-magazines |journal=Urdu Adab |publisher=[[Anjuman-i Taraqqi-i Urdu]] |issue=1–3 |pages=279–295}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ahmed |first=Muneer |date=2017 |title=A Critical Analysis of Manlana Numani's Uniquenesses (Tafarrudat) in The Light of Sirat-Al-Nabi(PBUH) |url=https://numl.edu.pk/journals/subjects/156092334603-Al-BASEERA%2012%20(Vol.6%20-%20Issue.%202)DEC-2017.pdf |journal=Al Basirah |language=ur |volume=6 |issue=2 |pages=21–35 |issn=2520-7334}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ali |first=Sajjad |date=2021 |title=Sirat-un-Nabi by Shibli Numani a Critical Review |url=https://hazaraislamicus.com/index.php/home/article/view/108 |url-status=dead |journal=Hazaraislamicus |language=ur |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=99–108 |issn=2410-8065 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240909202123/https://hazaraislamicus.com/index.php/home/article/view/108 |archive-date=9 September 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bhat |first=Samee-Ullah |date=2019 |title=The Importance Of Works Of Muhammad Shibli Nomani |url=https://journal.walisongo.ac.id/index.php/JISH/article/view/2921 |journal=Journal of Islamic Studies and Humanities |language=en |volume=3 |issue=2 |pages=175–176 |doi=10.21580/jish.32.2921 |issn=2527-838X |s2cid=198507796 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hussaini |first=Fareed |last2=Suleman |first2=Shumaila |date=2024 |title=A Critical Study of Shibli Nomani's "Seerat-un-Nabi (PBUH)" |url=https://ojs.makhz.org.pk/journal/article/view/211 |journal=Makhz (Research Journal) |language=ur |volume=5 |issue=2 |pages=59–72 |doi=10.47205/makhz.2024(5-II)urdu-06 |doi-broken-date=24 September 2025 |issn=2709-9644}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ghori |first=Muhammad Ali |date=2011 |title=Maulana Shibli Nomani's trends in response to suspicions of the orientalists : An Analysis |url=http://al-idah.szic.pk/index.php/al-idah/article/view/471 |journal=Al-Idah |language=ur |volume=23 |issue=2 |pages=110–138 |issn=2075-0307}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hussain |first=Muhammad Mahboob |date=2021 |title=Maulana Shibli ki 'Sher al-Ajam': Tehqeeq ke Aaine mein |url=https://matan.iub.edu.pk/website/journal/article/60db92563bb94/page |journal=Matan |language=ur |volume=2 |issue=1}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Khanum |first=Almas |date=2016 |title=Maulana Shibli Nomani ki Muhqiqana Kawishen |url=https://tahqeeqnama.gcu.edu.pk/website/journal/article/5d9f27733d6e0/page |journal=Tahqeeq Nama |language=ur |volume=18 |issue=1 |pages=290–292}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Shah |first=Mutahir |last2=Irshad |first2=Saira |last3=Bibi |first3=Brakhna |date=2021 |title=Shibli Nomani's research style in Sirat-un-Nabi (PBUH) |url=https://alduhaa.com/index.php/al-duhaa/article/view/131 |journal=Al-Duhaa |language=ur |volume=2 |issue=02 |pages=274–281 |doi=10.51665/al-duhaa.002.02.0131 |issn=2710-0812 |s2cid=246349758 |doi-access=free }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ditta |first=Allah |date=2024 |title=Effects of Orientalism on Allamah Shibli Nomānī: A Special Study of Sirat-ul-Nabi |url=https://journals.iub.edu.pk/index.php/alraqim/article/view/3464 |journal=Al Raqim |language=ur |volume=2 |issue=2 |pages=38–61 |issn=3006-2233}}</ref> == Dubi kuma == * Littattafan Deobandi sirah == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 5ad0sbov4g3yphtz9t78mfx4e5kqlta 0 136853 829928 818083 2026-05-05T07:02:43Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829928 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sigrid Kähler''', wacce kuma '''Sigrid Andersen Ring ce''', (12 ga Mayu 1874 - 9 ga Mayu 1923) <ref name="geni">{{Cite web |title=Sigrid Andersen Ring (Kähler) |url=https://www.geni.com/people/Sigrid-Andersen-Ring/6000000026165920022 |access-date=9 July 2020 |publisher=Geni |language=}}</ref> ƙwararriyar mai zane ce kuma mai zane ce ta ƙasar Denmark. Ta hannun mahaifinta, mai zane ce, Herman A. Kähler, ta haɗu da mai zane LA Ring . Bayan aurensu a shekarar 1896, ta zaburar da ayyukansa da yawa. Duk da cewa ta shafe mafi yawan lokacinta a matsayin uwa da uwar gida, ta ci gaba da yin zane lokaci-lokaci da kuma yin ado da kayan ado. An nuna aikinta tare da na mijinta a Ordrupgaard a shekarar 2017. <ref name="og">{{Cite web |date=2016 |title=L.A. Ring. Between Light and Darkness |url=https://ordrupgaard.dk/en/portfolio_page/10121/ |access-date=9 July 2020 |publisher=Ordrupgaard |language=Danish }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 November 2016 |title=Between Light and Darkness in Denmark |url=https://www.dailyscandinavian.com/light-darkness-denmark/ |access-date=9 July 2020 |publisher= |language=Danish}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Sigrid Kähler a Næstved a ranar 12 ga Mayu 1874, ita ce babba a cikin 'ya'ya shida na mai yin zane Herman August Kähler (1846–1917) da Jansine Elisabeth Christine Berg (1848–1901). Sauran su ne Herman Hans Christian (1876), Hedevig (1878), Ebba (1880), Elisabeth (1882) da Stella (1886). <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 November 2016 |title=Between Light and Darkness in Denmark |url=https://www.dailyscandinavian.com/light-darkness-denmark/ |access-date=9 July 2020 |publisher= |language=Danish}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Herman August Kähler |url=https://www.geni.com/people/Herman-August-K%C3%A4hler/6000000076449025876 |access-date=9 July 2020 |publisher=Geni |language=}}</ref> Ta koyi zane a wurin aikin mahaifinta inda ta yi wa tukwane ado. == Aure da iyali == A can ne ta haɗu da LA Ring. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="where? (December 2021)">ana buƙatar ƙarin bayani</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Sun yi aure a shekara ta 1896 lokacin da ya ninka amaryarsa mai shekaru 21 sau biyu. <ref name="og"/> Sun haifi 'ya'ya uku: Ghitta (1899), [[Anders Ring|Anders]] (1900) da Ole (1902). Ta yi tasiri mai kyau ga mijinta wanda ayyukansa suka nuna wani sabon yanayi na ɗumi da fata. Yawancin ayyukansa sun dogara ne akan Sigrid, 'ya'yansu uku da kuma cikin gidansu. Bayan aurenta, Sigrid ta fi yin amfani da lokacinta wajen kula da iyalinta maimakon yin zane. [1] Duk da haka, kwanan nan, an gano wasu daga cikin zane-zanenta na tsirrai a cikin hotunan Ring da wasiƙunsa. Sun haɗa da zane-zanen chicory, ja clover da karas na daji, ɗaya daga cikinsu an rubuta shi a shekarar 1893. Salonta ya samo asali ne daga mai ginin Thorvald Bindesbøll . An haɗa ayyukan a cikin wani baje kolin ayyukan mata a Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Hirschsprung . [2] Sigrid Kähler ta mutu sakamakon tarin fuka a ranar 9 ga Mayu, 1923 a Roskilde . <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 November 2016 |title=Between Light and Darkness in Denmark |url=https://www.dailyscandinavian.com/light-darkness-denmark/ |access-date=9 July 2020 |publisher= |language=Danish}}</ref> <ref name="geni"/> An binne ta a makabartar St Ib . <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 November 2016 |title=Between Light and Darkness in Denmark |url=https://www.dailyscandinavian.com/light-darkness-denmark/ |access-date=9 July 2020 |publisher= |language=Danish}}</ref> == Manazarta == <gallery mode="packed" heights="180px"> Fayil:Lampelys._Interiør_med_kunstnerens_hustru.jpg|alt=L. A. Ring: Lamplight: The Artist's Wife (1898)| Zoben LA: ''Hasken Fitila: Matar Mai Zane'' (1898) Fayil:Forår.jpg|alt=L. A. Ring: Spring (1895)| Zoben LA: ''Bazara'' (1895) </gallery> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} d6n6tnnlfvto6s6mxjrc31ccx12zoq1 0 137886 829894 782310 2026-05-05T05:15:05Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829894 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Shirin Programa Universidade para Todos''' ( [[Turanci]] : Jami'ar Kowacce Shirin), wanda aka fi sani da '''ProUni''', Gwamnatin Tarayya ta Brazil ce ta ƙirƙiro shi kuma Fernando Haddad, Ministan Ilimi a wancan lokacin ya ƙirƙiro shi, da nufin samar da cikakken tallafin karatu na ɗalibai a cikin darussa na musamman na digiri na farko da na biyu a manyan makarantu masu zaman kansu. An kafa shi ta hanyar Dokar Lamba 11,096 ta ranar 13 ga Janairu, 2005 a lokacin gwamnatin Lula . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2023-07-04 |title=ProUni: como funciona o programa que dá bolsas de estudos no Ensino Superior |url=https://descomplica.com.br/blog/como-funciona-o-prouni/#o-que-e-prouni |access-date=2023-12-18 |website=Descomplica}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=LEI Nº 11.096, DE 13 DE JANEIRO DE 2005 |url=https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_ato2004-2006/2005/lei/L11096.htm |access-date=2023-12-18 |website=Federal Government}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=PROUNI |url=https://acessounico.mec.gov.br/prouni |access-date=2023-12-18 |website=gov.br}}</ref> Zuwa shekarar 2013, Prouni ta samar da damar samun ilimi mai zurfi ga matasa miliyan 1.2 a manyan makarantu masu zaman kansu guda 1,116 da ke cikin shirin, tare da matsakaicin daidai da tallafin karatu guda ɗaya ga kowane ɗalibai 10.7 da ke biyan kuɗi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=LEI Nº 11.096, DE 13 DE JANEIRO DE 2005 |url=https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_ato2004-2006/2005/lei/L11096.htm |access-date=2023-12-18 |website=Federal Government}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-05-03 |title=Por 7 votos a 1, STF confirma a legalidade das bolsas do ProUni |url=https://www.cartacapital.com.br/politica/por-7-votos-a-1-stf-confirma-a-legalidade-das-bolsas-do-prouni/ |access-date=2023-12-18 |website=CartaCapital}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-04-05 |title=Prouni terá 11,7 mil bolsas a menos |url=https://www.gazetadopovo.com.br/vida-e-cidadania/prouni-tera-117-mil-bolsas-a-menos-1nbw0ywcmkgxsga2i738ayjwu/ |access-date=2023-12-18 |website=Gazeta do Povo}}</ref> == Bukatu == Ɗaliban Brazil waɗanda ba su da digirin jami'a kuma waɗanda suka cika aƙalla ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan sharuɗɗan za su iya shiga cikin Prouni: <ref name=":0"/> <ref name=":1"/> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=COMO FUNCIONA O PROUNI? |url=https://prouniportal.mec.gov.br/tire-suas-duvidas-pesquisa/o-prouni/47-como-funciona-o-prouni#:~:text=Para%20concorrer%20%C3%A0%20bolsa%20integral,tr%C3%AAs%20sal%C3%A1rios%20m%C3%ADnimos%20por%20pessoa. |access-date=2023-12-18 |website=ProUni }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> * sun kammala makarantar sakandare a wata cibiyar gwamnati; * sun kammala makarantar sakandare a wata cibiya mai zaman kanta a kan cikakken tallafin karatu; * sun halarci makarantar sakandare wani ɓangare a wata cibiyar gwamnati da kuma wani ɓangare a wata cibiyar masu zaman kansu a matsayin cikakken ɗalibi na tallafin karatu a cibiyar masu zaman kansu; * zama mutum mai nakasa; * koyar da ilimin asali a makarantun gwamnati na dindindin kuma suna da digiri a fannin ilimi. A wannan yanayin babu buƙatar samun kuɗi. == Tsarin zaɓe == [[Fayil:Participantes_do_Enem.jpg|thumb|Mahalarta ENEM.]] Tsarin zaɓen ProUni ya ƙunshi matakai biyu: tsarin yau da kullun da kuma tsarin tallafin karatu na sauran. A cikin tsarin yau da kullun, 'yan takarar da suka shiga Jarrabawar Makarantar Sakandare ta Ƙasa (ENEM a cikin harshen Portugal) na shekarar da ta gabata kuma waɗanda suka sami aƙalla maki 450 akan matsakaicin maki na jarrabawa da kuma maki sama da sifili akan rubutun za su iya nema. [undefined] [1] Yan takara za su iya neman sauran tallafin karatu idan sun: [2] * sun yi rajista, a cikin dukkan zaɓuɓɓukan su, a cikin darussa da aka yi wa rijista a matsayin ba su da aji a cikin tsarin zaɓen ProUni don zangon karatu na biyu na 2014; * koyar da ilimin asali a cikin tsarin makarantun gwamnati na dindindin kuma yana da digiri a fannin ilimi; * sun shiga cikin ENEM, tun daga bugu na 2010 zuwa gaba, kuma sun sami matsakaicin maki na maki 450 ko fiye a cikin gwaje-gwajen da kuma maki fiye da sifili a cikin rubutun, wanda ya yi daidai da kusan rabin amsoshin da suka dace a kowace jarrabawa. == Manazarta == j84wloowm0tuy5bgx1z03tvdservlhj 0 137991 829789 782530 2026-05-05T02:58:21Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829789 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sharon Landesman Ramey''' ( ''nee'' Dwyer) ƙwararriyar masaniyar ɗabi'a ce 'yar Amurka wadda ta ƙware a fannin ci gaban yara. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == Ramey ta kammala digirinta na farko a fannin ilimin halayyar ɗan adam daga Kwalejin New Florida da kuma digirinta na uku a fannin ilimin halayyar ɗan adam daga Jami'ar Washington (UW). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sharon Landesman Ramey, Ph.D. |url=https://fbri.vtc.vt.edu/people-directory/primary-faculty/ramey-sl.html#news |access-date=June 6, 2021 |publisher=Virginia Tech}}</ref> A shekara ta 2007, ta sami kyautar girmamawa ta tsofaffin ɗalibai ta UW. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sharon Ramey: 2007 Distinguished Alumna Award |url=https://psych.uw.edu/newsletter/spring-2008/graduate/sharon-ramey-2007-distinguished-alumna-award |access-date=June 7, 2021 |publisher=University of Washington |archive-date=June 29, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210629013323/https://psych.uw.edu/newsletter/spring-2008/graduate/sharon-ramey-2007-distinguished-alumna-award |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Sana'a == Bayan kammala karatun, Ramey da mijinta sun shiga jami'ar Jami'ar Alabama da ke Birmingham don jagorantar Cibiyar Bincike ta Ƙasa da Ƙasa ta Civitan. A shekarar 2016, manajan birnin Chris Morrill ya naɗa Ramey da mijinta a matsayin manyan jami'an kimiyya na birnin kan ci gaban ɗan adam. A matsayinsu na manyan jami'an kimiyya na ci gaban ɗan adam, ana sa ran Ramey's za su ba da ƙwarewa a fannoni na ci gaban yara da iyali, nazarin bayanai, da haɗin gwiwa tsakanin al'umma. [undefined] Bayan haka, ta yi aiki tare da rubuta wata takarda wadda ke nuna bambancin launin fata da ƙabila a sakamakon shayarwa. Sun gano cewa iyaye mata baƙaƙe sun fi samun damar ba wa jariransu madara fiye da iyaye mata fararen fata a asibiti sau tara. [2] Bayan 'yan shekaru, Ramey ita ce babbar mai bincike a gwajin asibiti na farko da aka yi a ƙasar don gyara waɗanda suka kamu da bugun jini na jarirai. [1] Ta zama darakta mai haɗin gwiwa na Cibiyar Bincike ta Neuromotor kuma ta sami lambar yabo ta Sheila S. Strauss Art Venture daga Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Taubman . [3] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 9qx2va1buumn377gpaild09h6o8qqgo 0 138565 830130 783660 2026-05-05T11:32:09Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 830130 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Stella Zhang''' ( Chinese An haife ta a shekarar 1965 a [[Beijing|birnin Beijing]], kasar Sin) wata mai fasaha ce ta kasar Sin ta zamani wacce aikinta ya kama daga zane zuwa sassaka da kuma girka kayan aiki. ta shahara saboda karfin tsarinta [[Feminism|na mata]] a fannin zane-zane. An bayyana ayyukanta a matsayin "bayani kan iko da asalin mata," An nuna Zhang a duk duniya kuma cibiyoyin gwamnati kamar Gidan Tarihi na Kasa na kasar Sin, [[Beijing]], kasar Sin, Gidan Tarihi na Iyali na Copelouzos, [[Athens]], kasar Girka; da Gidan Tarihi na Tan Shin Fine Arts, [[Tokyo|birnin Tokyo]], kasar Japan. Akwai takardu bakwai da suka mayar da hankali kan aikinta, wadanda [https://www.cccsf.us/ Gidauniyar Al'adun Sin ta San Francisco], Si Chuan Art Press, EDGE Gallery, JKD Gallery, da Galerie du Monde suka buga. Ita malamar bako ce a [[Jami'ar Stanford]] kuma tana koyarwa a Kwalejin Fasaha ta Tsakiya da ke Beijing. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Qualia Contemporary Art opens a solo exhibition by Chinese-American artist Stella Zhang |url=https://artdaily.com/news/132894/Qualia-Contemporary-Art-opens-a-solo-exhibition-by-Chinese-American-artist-Stella-Zhang#.YFm0s0gzblw |access-date=2021-03-23 |website=artdaily.com}}</ref> == Ilimi == An horar da Zhang a Sashen Zane-zanen Goga na Sin a Kwalejin Fasaha ta Tsakiya da ke Beijing. A shekarar 1990, ta koma Japan kuma ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin Fasaha ta Fasaha daga Jami'ar Fasaha ta Tokyo a shekarar 1996. <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Hertz |first=Betti-Sue |date=July 2020 |title=Stella Zhang's Expressive Body |url=https://galeriedumonde.com/usr/library/documents/main/artists/115/stella-zhang_yishu-2020.pdf |journal=Yishu: Journal of Contemporary Chinese Art |volume=19 |pages=78–86 |via=Galerie du Monde}}</ref> A halin yanzu tana zaune kuma tana aiki a San Francisco, Amurka. == Aiki == Stella Zhang ta fassara siffofi da laushin jikin mace da namiji ta hanyar amfani da kayan laushi amma masu juriya kamar zare da yadi. Masanin tarihin fasaha na Amurka kuma mai kula da zane Betti-Sue Hertz ta yi tsokaci cewa waɗannan kayan sun zama "alamomin iko da sha'awa." [1] Zhang tana amfani da wasu abubuwa na yau da kullun don nuna tashin hankali tsakanin abin da mai kallo ke gani da kuma yadda yake ji, tausayi, da sassauci, da kuma sarari tsakanin gaskiya da mafarki. [2] A cikin kalmomin mai zane, fasaharta "tana bayyana rikice-rikicen ɓoyayyun da ke ƙalubalantar ikonmu na haɗawa da gwagwarmayarmu ta haɗin gwiwa tare da iko; rashin daidaito da asali. [3] " == Nunin kai kaɗai == Nunin Stella Zhang da kanta ya gabatar ya haɗa da Fasahar Zamani ta Qualia, Palo Alto, Amurka (2021); <ref>{{Cite news |last=Yuke |first=Wang |date=31 December 2018 |title=Not just for art's sake |url=https://www.chinadailyhk.com/articles/133/161/154/1546250144442.html |access-date=2021-03-13 |work=China Daily Hong Kong |archive-date=2020-09-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922114427/https://www.chinadailyhk.com/articles/133/161/154/1546250144442.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> ''UNTITLED, ART,'' wanda Cibiyar Al'adun Sin ta San Francisco, San Francisco, Amurka ta gabatar (2020); Galerie du Monde, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Qualia Contemporary Art opens a solo exhibition by Chinese-American artist Stella Zhang |url=https://artdaily.com/news/132894/Qualia-Contemporary-Art-opens-a-solo-exhibition-by-Chinese-American-artist-Stella-Zhang#.YFm0s0gzblw |access-date=2021-03-23 |website=artdaily.com}}</ref> Hong Kong (2018); Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Wanying, Hebei, China (2018); NanHai Art, Millbrae, Amurka (2017); Art Basel a Hong Kong, wanda Galerie du Monde, Hong Kong ta gabatar (2016); Art Central, wanda Galerie du Monde, Hong Kong ta gabatar (2015); <ref>{{Cite news |last=Yuke |first=Wang |date=31 December 2018 |title=Not just for art's sake |url=https://www.chinadailyhk.com/articles/133/161/154/1546250144442.html |access-date=2021-03-13 |work=China Daily Hong Kong }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Galerie du Monde, Hong Kong (2015); EDGE Gallery, Hong Kong (2012); Silicon Valley Asian Art Center, Santa Clara, Amurka (2011); The Performance Art Institute, San Francisco, Amurka; Cibiyar Al'adun Sin ta San Francisco, San Francisco, Amurka (2010); Gidan Tarihi na Amrithika, Palo Alto, Amurka (2009); Gidan Tarihi na Elizabeth Norton, Palo Alto, Amurka (2009); Gidan Tarihi na JKD, Santa Monica, Amurka (2006); Gidan Tarihi na Sandstone, Laguna Beach, Amurka (2005); Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Ƙasa na China, Beijing, China; Cibiyar Fasaha ta New Taipei City, Taipei, Taiwan (2004); Gidan Tarihi na JKD, Santa Monica, Amurka (2003); Gidan Tarihi na Mujallar, Tokyo, Japan (1997); Gidan Tarihi na Ozuwashi, Tokyo, Japan (1993); Gidan Tarihi na Nagai, Tokyo, Japan (1992); da Gidan Tarihi na China, Yokohama, Japan (1991). == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 9gfjhkm39247lpdm6bzxjlhmzta03y0 0 139400 829615 789412 2026-05-04T14:51:41Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829615 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Ruth Broe (an haife ta ne a ranar 10 ga Disamba 1911 - 19 ga Agusta 1983) ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin mata na farko da suka shiga Rundunar Sojojin Ruwa ta Amurka kuma ɗaya daga cikin mata uku na farko da suka kai matsayin Kanar a Rundunar Sojojin Ruwa. A shekarar 2013, Gidauniyar Al'adun Sojojin Ruwa ta ba wa Broe kyautar Kanar Julia E. Hamblet (saboda kara fahimtar tarihin mata sojojin ruwa). <ref name="SDI">{{Cite web |date=29 April 2014 |title=Marine Corps Heritage Foundation Announces Recipients of 2013 Annual Awards |url=https://www.susandavis.com/marine-corps-heritage-foundation-announces-recipients-of-2013-annual-awards/ |access-date=22 November 2019 |website=Susan Davis International}}</ref> == Rayuwa da aikin soja == An haifi Ruth Hammond a ranar 10 ga Disamba, 1911 a Monongah, West Virginia, kuma ta shiga rundunar sojojin ruwa a shekarar 1943 lokacin da rundunar sojojin ruwa ta fara karɓar mata masu ɗaukar ma'aikata. A shekarar 1951, ta auri wani sojan ruwa, Richard W. Broe a Laguna Beach, California, kuma an tura su aiki a El Toro. Ta yi aiki a matsayin Shugabar Ƙungiyar Mata Masu Yaƙi ta Ƙasa daga 1972 zuwa 1974. <ref name="WMA">{{Cite web |title=WMA Officers |url=https://www.womenmarines.org/wmaofficers |access-date=2018-07-21 |publisher=Women Marines Association }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A shekarar 1966, ta rubuta tare da ''marubutan History of the Marine Corps Reserve'' . Ta yi ritaya a 1971. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1983]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1911]] rwidb6s46wlgh3yct6gna19uk599yne 0 139677 829790 817987 2026-05-05T03:02:31Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829790 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}}   '''Sharon Wright Austin''' ( wanda aka haifa a Sharon D. Wright) ƙwararriyar masaniyar siyasa ce ta Amurka, a halin yanzu farfesa ce a [[Kimiyyar siyasa|fannin kimiyyar siyasa]] a Jami'ar Florida, inda ta kuma daɗe tana riƙe da Darakta a Shirin [[Nazarin baƙar fata|Nazarin Baƙar fata da Amurka]] . Austin fitacciyar ƙwararriya ce a fannin siyasar Amurka wadda ke da ƙwarewa a fannin nazarin Baƙar fata da Amurkawa, shiga harkokin siyasa, da kuma siyasa ta birni da karkara. == Aiki da ilimi na farko == Austin ta kammala karatunta daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Westwood da ke [[Memphis, Tennessee]], sannan ta halarci Jami'ar 'Yan'uwa Kiristoci, inda ta sami digirin farko a tarihi tare da ƙaramin digiri a kimiyyar siyasa a shekarar 1987. Daga nan ta kammala digirin masters a kimiyyar siyasa tare da ƙaramin digiri a fannin ilimi a Jami'ar Memphis a shekarar 1989, sannan ta biyo baya a shekarar 1993 ta sami digirin digirgir a kimiyyar siyasa tare da mai da hankali kan Gwamnatin Amurka daga [[Jami'ar Tennessee]] . <ref>name="profile19">{{Cite web |date=2019 |title=Dr. Sharon Austin |url=https://afam.clas.ufl.edu/dir_message/ |access-date=25 December 2019 |website=University of Florida African-American Studies |publisher=University of Florida |archive-date=26 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191226043612/https://afam.clas.ufl.edu/dir_message/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Duk da cewa Austin tana da sha'awar shiga harkokin siyasa [[Afirkawan Amurka|na Baƙar fata]] da siyasa a Amurka, wani lokacin ana hana ta bin waɗannan batutuwa tun farkon aikinta saboda ra'ayin cewa editoci da masu bita a manyan mujallun kimiyyar siyasa ba su da daraja. == Sana'a == Austin babban masani ne kan halayen siyasa na mata 'yan Afirka-Amurkawa, zaɓen 'yan Afirka-Amurkawa zuwa ofisoshin gida, da kuma halayen siyasa na ƙungiyoyin tsiraru a siyasar Amurka, musamman fafutukar kare haƙƙin 'yan Afirka-Amurkawa a yankunan karkara. <ref> name="apsr19a">{{Cite web |date=2019-09-04 |title=Meet 2020 APSR Editor, Sharon Wright Austin of University of Florida |url=https://politicalsciencenow.com/meet-2020-apsr-editor-sharon-wright-austin-of-university-of-florida/ |access-date=25 December 2019 |website=Political Science Now |publisher=American Political Science Association}}</ref> Bayan ta sami digirin digirgir daga Jami'ar Tennessee a shekarar 1993, Austin ta zama farfesa a fannin nazarin Afirka a Jami'ar Louisville . A shekarar 1995 ta koma Jami'ar Missouri, inda ta kasance farfesa a fannin Kimiyyar Siyasa da Nazarin Baƙar fata. A shekarar 2001 ta koma Jami'ar Michigan na tsawon shekara guda, kafin ta zama farfesa a Jami'ar Florida a shekarar 2001. Daga 2012 zuwa 2019, Austin ita ce Daraktan Shirin Nazarin Baƙar fata da Amurka a can. Lokacin da Austin ta zama Darakta a 2012, Jami'ar Florida ta fara bayar da babban darasi a Nazarin Baƙar fata da Amurka, kuma a ƙarƙashin mulkinta shirin ya girma har zuwa lokacin da Jami'ar Florida ta fi yawan ɗalibai da suka yi fice a Nazarin Baƙar fata da Amurka na kowane shiri a Amurka. A shekara ta 2000, Austin ta buga littafinta na farko, ''Race, Power, and Political Emergence in Memphis'' . Littafin ya yi nazarin siffofi, nasarori, da iyakokin siyasar zaɓen Baƙar fata a [[Memphis, Tennessee|Memphis]] daga shekarun 1870 zuwa 1990, a cikin mahallin [[Farin sarauta|fifikon fararen fata]] da kuma haɗin gwiwar zaɓen Fari masu ƙarfi. <ref> name="honey05">{{Cite journal |last=Honey |first=Michael |date=1 November 2005 |title=Book Review: Race, Power, and Political Emergence in Memphis |journal=Urban Affairs Review |volume=41 |pages=260–266 |doi=10.1177/1078087405275576 |s2cid=143953954}}</ref> Littafin ci gaba ne na binciken da ya ƙunshi digirin digirgir na PhD a Jami'ar Tennessee, ''Bayan Dokar Haƙƙin Zaɓe ta 1965: Tsarin Zaɓen Jinsi a Zaɓen Magajin Gari na Memphis, 1967-1991'' . <ref name="profile19">{{Cite web |date=2019 |title=Dr. Sharon Austin |url=https://afam.clas.ufl.edu/dir_message/ |access-date=25 December 2019 |website=University of Florida African-American Studies |publisher=University of Florida |archive-date=26 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191226043612/https://afam.clas.ufl.edu/dir_message/ |url-status=dead }}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://afam.clas.ufl.edu/dir_message/ "Dr. Sharon Austin"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191226043612/https://afam.clas.ufl.edu/dir_message/ |date=2019-12-26 }}. ''University of Florida African-American Studies''. University of Florida. 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite></ref> An buga littafin Austin na biyu, ''The Transformation of Plantation Politics in the Mississippi Delta: Black Politics, Concentrated Poverty, and Social Capital in the Mississippi Delta'', a shekara ta 2006. Wannan littafin "ya nuna" cewa "ba a sami wani sauyi na siyasa a Mississippi Delta ba" tun daga shekarun 1960, kuma cewa a shekarun 2000 "masu arziki na fararen fata a yankin sun ci gaba da mamaye siyasa a can". <ref name="berry07">{{Cite journal |last=Berry |first=Jeffrey M. |date=June 2007 |title=Book Review: The Transformation of Plantation Politics: Black Politics, Concentrated Poverty, and Social Capital in the Mississippi Delta |journal=Perspectives on Politics |volume=5 |pages=361–362 |doi=10.1017/S1537592707070971 |jstor=20446447 |s2cid=144466521}}</ref> Wannan binciken bai dace ba, domin a saman fage, adadin nasarar zaɓe na 'yan Afirka-Amurkawa ya yi tashin gwauron zabi: akwai zaɓaɓɓun jami'ai 57 na Afirka-Amurkawa da aka zaɓa a Mississippi a shekara ta 1970, da kuma 897 a shekara ta 2000. <ref name="berry07" /> Littafin ya isa ga wannan binciken ta hanyar haɗakar hanyoyin tarihi da zamantakewa, tambayoyi na sirri, da nazarin ƙididdiga kan bayanai masu yawa. <ref>{{Cite book}}</ref> A shekarar 2018, Austin ta buga littafinta na uku, ''The Caribbeanization of Black Politics: Race, Group Consciousness, and Political Participation in America'' . Austin ta gwada yadda halayen siyasa na baƙi baƙaƙe zai bambanta ko ya yi kama da siffofi na zamani da na tarihi na siyasar baƙaƙe, tunda abin da ke faruwa na baƙi baƙi da suka isa Amurka daga ƙasashe daban-daban a lokaci guda ya kasance kwanan nan, kuma baƙi na baya-bayan nan ƙila ba su kasance a wurin don abubuwan da suka faru na zamani a tarihin siyasar baƙaƙen Amurka ba. <ref name="pinderhughes19">{{Cite journal |last=Pinderhughes |first=Dianne M. |date=March 2019 |title=Book Review: The Caribbeanization of Black Politics: Race, Group Consciousness, and Political Participation in America |journal=Perspectives on Politics |volume=17 |pages=266–267 |doi=10.1017/S1537592718004176 |s2cid=150797077}}</ref> Don gwada wannan tambayar, Austin ta zaɓi ta mai da hankali kan biranen [[Boston]], [[Chicago]], [[Miami]], da [[New York (birni)|New York City]], kuma ta gabatar da sakamako daga bincike ko hira da masu amsa 2,359 waɗanda suka kasance 'yan Afirka-Amurkawa, 'yan Cape Verde, 'yan Haiti, ko 'yan Yammacin Indiyawa a can, <ref>{{Cite book}}</ref> wanda ya sanya wannan littafin "mafi girman binciken birane na Afirka-Amurkawa mafi girma." <ref name="pinderhughes19" /> Littafin ya rubuta yadda gina fahimtar launin fata da haɗa baƙi cikin asalin ƙungiyar siyasa da ke akwai zai iya zama mahimman hanyoyin shigar da ƙungiyoyin tsiraru cikin ayyukan siyasa. <ref>{{cite news |last=Todd |first=Sarah |date=2019-07-31 |title=A top US political science journal ignored race and gender—until 12 women took over |url=https://qz.com/work/1679115/the-top-us-political-science-journal-will-now-be-led-by-12-female-professors/ |access-date=25 December 2019 |publisher=Quartz}}</ref> Austin memba ne na shugabancin editoci na 2020-2024 na American Political Science Review, <ref name="apsr19a">{{Cite web |date=2019-09-04 |title=Meet 2020 APSR Editor, Sharon Wright Austin of University of Florida |url=https://politicalsciencenow.com/meet-2020-apsr-editor-sharon-wright-austin-of-university-of-florida/ |access-date=25 December 2019 |website=Political Science Now |publisher=American Political Science Association}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://politicalsciencenow.com/meet-2020-apsr-editor-sharon-wright-austin-of-university-of-florida/ "Meet 2020 APSR Editor, Sharon Wright Austin of University of Florida"]. ''Political Science Now''. American Political Science Association. 4 September 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite></ref> wanda shine mujallar kimiyyar siyasa mafi zaɓi. <ref>{{cite news |last=Todd |first=Sarah |date=2019-07-31 |title=A top US political science journal ignored race and gender—until 12 women took over |url=https://qz.com/work/1679115/the-top-us-political-science-journal-will-now-be-led-by-12-female-professors/ |access-date=25 December 2019 |publisher=Quartz}}</ref> Austin ya kuma bayar da sharhi akai-akai a jaridu a matsayin ƙwararre kan harkokin siyasar Amurka ta zamani, musamman ma shiga harkokin siyasa tsakanin Baƙar fata da Amurkawa. == Littattafai == * ''Kabila, Ƙarfi, da Fitowar Siyasa a Memphis'' (Taylor & Francis, 2000) * ''Sauyin Siyasar Shuke-shuke a Jihar Mississippi: Siyasar Baƙar fata, Talauci Mai Tarin Fuska, da Babban Jarin Jama'a a Jihar Mississippi'' (SUNY Press, 2006) * ''Tsarin Siyasar Baƙar fata na Caribbean: Kabila, Sanin Ƙungiya, da Shiga Siyasa a Amurka'' (SUNY Press, 2018) * ''Sihiri ga 'Yar Siyasa Bakar Fata: Zaɓe da Gudanar da Ma'aikatan Garin Maza Bakar Fata'' (Temple University Press, 2023) == Kyaututtukan da aka zaɓa == * Mai Ba da Shawara na Shekara a Jami'ar Florida (2004-2005) <ref name="profile19"/> * Kyautar Mafi Kyawun Takarda Kan Baƙaƙe da Siyasa, Ƙungiyar Kimiyyar Siyasa ta Yamma (2008) <ref name="profile19" /> * Kyautar Erika Fairchild, Ƙungiyar Mata ta Ƙungiyar Kimiyyar Siyasa ta Kudu (2009) <ref name="profile19" /> * Kanar Allen R. da Margaret G. Crow Farfesa a fannin Fasaha da Kimiyyar Zamani, Jami'ar Florida (2010-2011) <ref name="profile19" /> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] g1wme0japlwf9knyj5ec67thjo2qu14 0 139707 829906 818077 2026-05-05T05:45:00Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829906 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Shirley Elizabeth Barnes''' (an haife ta a shekara ta 1938) tsohuwar jami'ar diflomasiyyar [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]] ce <ref name="Gettysburg">{{Cite web |title=Archive of Past Events |url=https://www.gettysburg.edu/academics/africana_studies/special-events/archive.dot |access-date=20 June 2015 |website=Gettysburg College }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> kuma jami'ar harkokin waje ce a fannin aiki. An naɗa ta jakadar Amurka a Madagascar daga ranar 29 ga Yuni, 1998, zuwa 28 ga Yuli, 2001. <ref> name="Chiefs of Mission for Madagascar">{{Cite web |title=Chiefs of Mission for Madagascar |url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/chiefsofmission/madagascar |access-date=20 June 2015 |website=State Department Office Of Historian}}</ref> <ref> name="StateDept">{{Cite web |title=Shirley Elizabeth Barnes |url=https://www.state.gov/1997-2001-NOPDFS///publications/statemag/statemag_sept98/appoint.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150620224922/http://www.state.gov/1997-2001-NOPDFS///publications/statemag/statemag_sept98/appoint.html |archive-date=20 June 2015 |access-date=20 June 2015 |website=US State Department}}</ref> == Rayuwa == An haifi Barnes a ranar 5 ga Afrilu, 1938, a St. Augustine, Florida. Lokacin da take da shekaru biyar, iyalinta sun ƙaura zuwa Saratoga, New York. <ref> name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Harding |first=Lakeisha |date=2015-06-03 |title=Shirley Barnes (1938- ) • |url=https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/barnes-shirley-1938/ |access-date=2021-04-16 |language=en-US}}</ref> == Ilimi == A shekarar 1956 ta kammala karatunta a Kwalejin Baruch <ref> name="StateDept">{{Cite web |title=Shirley Elizabeth Barnes |url=https://www.state.gov/1997-2001-NOPDFS///publications/statemag/statemag_sept98/appoint.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150620224922/http://www.state.gov/1997-2001-NOPDFS///publications/statemag/statemag_sept98/appoint.html |archive-date=20 June 2015 |access-date=20 June 2015 |website=US State Department}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20150620224922/http://www.state.gov/1997-2001-NOPDFS///publications/statemag/statemag_sept98/appoint.html "Shirley Elizabeth Barnes"]. ''US State Department''. Archived from [https://www.state.gov/1997-2001-NOPDFS///publications/statemag/statemag_sept98/appoint.html the original] on 20 June 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 June</span> 2015</span>.</cite></ref> tare da digirin farko a fannin kasuwanci. A lokacin karatunta na kwaleji, ta shiga makarantar 'yan gurguzu ta Delta Sigma Theta, wato Ƙungiyar Ƙasa don Ci Gaban Mutane Masu Launi (NAACP), kuma ta ƙware a fannin Faransanci. <ref> name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Harding |first=Lakeisha |date=2015-06-03 |title=Shirley Barnes (1938- ) • |url=https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/barnes-shirley-1938/ |access-date=2021-04-16 |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFHarding2015">Harding, Lakeisha (2015-06-03). [https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/barnes-shirley-1938/ "Shirley Barnes (1938- ) •"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-04-16</span></span>.</cite></ref> Daga baya ta yi karatun Harkokin Ƙasashen Duniya a Jami'ar Boston . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Harding |first=Lakeisha |date=2015-06-03 |title=Shirley Barnes (1938- ) • |url=https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/barnes-shirley-1938/ |access-date=2021-04-16 |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFHarding2015">Harding, Lakeisha (2015-06-03). [https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/barnes-shirley-1938/ "Shirley Barnes (1938- ) •"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-04-16</span></span>.</cite></ref> Ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin gudanar da harkokin kasuwanci daga Jami'ar Columbia a shekarar 1970. <ref name=":0" /> Ta kasance cikin ɗaliban Ajin Babban Taron Karawa Juna Sani na Kwalejin Yaƙin Ƙasa da ta kammala karatunta a shekarar 1995. <ref name="StateDept"/> == Sana'a == Kafin ta shiga Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje, Barnes ta zama mataimakin shugaban ƙasa a manyan hukumomin talla da dama kuma ta yi aiki a Gidauniyar Ford daga 1961-1965 a [[Jamhuriyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Congo]], [[Kinshasa]] . Bayan ta dawo Amurka a 1965, ta yi aiki a Cibiyar Baƙar fata ta Amurka da ke [[New York (birni)|birnin New York]] . <ref name="StateDept"/> A shekarar 1984, Barnes ta shiga Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje ta Amurka kuma ta zama Jami'ar Ayyuka ta Janar a Ofishin Jakadancin Amurka da ke Masar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 January 2004 |title=Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Foreign Affairs Oral History Project AMBASSADOR SHIRLEY ELIZABETH BARNES |url=https://adst.org/OH%20TOCs/Barnes,%20Shirles%20Elizabeth.toc.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240716143708/https://adst.org/OH%20TOCs/Barnes,%20Shirles%20Elizabeth.toc.pdf |archive-date=16 July 2024 |access-date=16 July 2024 |website=Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training}}</ref> An yi mata karin girma a shekarar 1986 zuwa Mai Kula da Ofishin Ayyuka na Janar a Ofishin Jakadancin da ke Senegal. Daga 1990 zuwa 1992, Barnes ta yi aiki a matsayin Mai Ba da Shawara kan Gudanarwa a Gabashin Berlin, Jamus. <ref name=":0"/> Barnes ita ce darektan harkokin Yammacin Turai a Ofishin Harkokin Turai a Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin jami'ar diflomasiyya a Yammacin Berlin, [[Kairo|Alkahira]], [[Sofiya|Sofia]], da [[Dakar]] . Ta kuma kasance jakada a [[Strasbourg|Strasbourg, Faransa]] . <ref name="StateDept">{{Cite web |title=Shirley Elizabeth Barnes |url=https://www.state.gov/1997-2001-NOPDFS///publications/statemag/statemag_sept98/appoint.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150620224922/http://www.state.gov/1997-2001-NOPDFS///publications/statemag/statemag_sept98/appoint.html |archive-date=20 June 2015 |access-date=20 June 2015 |website=US State Department}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20150620224922/http://www.state.gov/1997-2001-NOPDFS///publications/statemag/statemag_sept98/appoint.html "Shirley Elizabeth Barnes"]. ''US State Department''. Archived from [https://www.state.gov/1997-2001-NOPDFS///publications/statemag/statemag_sept98/appoint.html the original] on 20 June 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 June</span> 2015</span>.</cite></ref> A shekarar 1998, Barnes ta zama jakadiyar Amurka a Madagascar kuma ta yi aiki har zuwa lokacin da ta yi ritaya a shekarar 2001. <ref name=":0"/> A shekara ta 2004 ta kafa Gidauniyar Barnes Findley, wata gidauniya mai zaman kanta da ta sadaukar da kanta don tallafawa mata da 'yan mata a Afirka da ke zaune a ƙasashen waje tare da mai da hankali kan yaƙi da fataucin mutane da ƙarfafa tattalin arziki. Barnes ya sami digirin girmamawa na likitan shari'a a shekarar 2006 daga Kwalejin Knox . <ref name="knox">{{Cite web |title=Ambassador Shirley E. Barnes Honorary Degree |url=http://departments.knox.edu/newsarchive/news_events/2006/x12685.html |access-date=20 June 2015 |website=Knox College |archive-date=3 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151203032629/http://departments.knox.edu/newsarchive/news_events/2006/x12685.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ita mamba ce a ƙungiyar Delta Sigma Theta da kuma Ƙungiyar Ma'aikatan Harkokin Waje ta Amurka . Ita ma ƙwararriyar mai kula da fasahar Afirka ce <ref name="Gettysburg"/> kuma tana jin Faransanci. <ref name="StateDept"/> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1938]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] k0obusqpxx034zqvet7cfi9qljcluyq 0 139928 829607 792034 2026-05-04T12:39:36Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829607 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Rosetta Y. Burke''' (an haife ta a ranar 28 ga Fabrairu, 1937) babbar jami'a ce mai ritaya a rundunar sojojin Amurka . Ita ce mace ta farko da ta zama mataimakiyar janar ta farko a jihar [[New York (jiha)|New York]] da kuma rundunar sojojin kasa . == Ilimi da aikin farar hula == An haifi Rosetta Burke a ranar 28 ga Fabrairu, 1937, a Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania . Burke ta halarci Makarantar Koyon Aikin Jinya ta Asibitin Harlem, Jami'ar Adelphi, da Cibiyar Wasiƙa ta CW, Jami'ar Long Island . Burke ya yi ritaya a matsayin Sufeto Janar (Mai Kulawa) daga Ma'aikatar Gyaran Jiki ta Jihar New York a watan Oktoban 1992. == Aikin soja == Burke ta yi aiki da Rundunar Sojojin Amurka daga 1962 zuwa 1992. Ta shiga Rundunar Sojojin Kasa ta New York a 1993, inda ta yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakiyar Janaral. Ta yi ritaya a matsayin Manjo Janar a 1997, inda ta kammala aikin soja na tsawon shekaru 35 na hidima.<ref>[http://www.ngef.org/tier.asp?bid=31 Women in the Army National Guard] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070213011504/http://www.ngef.org/tier.asp?bid=31 |date=2007-02-13 }} Retrieved December 13, 2007.</ref> Gwamna George E. Pataki ya naɗa Burke a matsayin darektan jiha na Tsarin Ayyukan Zaɓe na New York a shekarar 1997. Shugaba [[Bill Clinton]] ne ya ba da wannan naɗin kuma Daraktan Ƙasa na Tsarin Ayyukan Zaɓe, Gil Coronado ne ya sanya hannu a kai. Bayan [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu]], babu wata mace da ta taɓa riƙe babban mukami. An naɗa ta a matsayin wannan naɗin a shekarar 1994, bayan ta yi shekaru talatin. Ita ce mace ta farko da ta zama janar a rundunar sojojin ƙasa ta New York kuma mace ta farko da aka ɗaukaka zuwa babbar janar a ƙasar. Ta yi ritaya a shekarar 1997. == Membobi == Burke memba ne na Ƙungiyar Jami'an Ajiye Kuɗi, Ƙungiyar Jami'an Ritaya, Ƙungiyar Likitocin Sojoji na Amurka, Ƙungiyar Tsaron Ƙasa ta Amurka, Ƙungiyar Militia ta New York, Ƙungiyar Ma'aikatan Jinya Baƙaƙe ta Ƙasa, Ƙungiyar Ma'aikatan Jinya Baƙaƙe ta Gundumar Babban Birnin, Makarantar Koyon Aikin Jinya ta Asibitin Harlem, Ƙungiyar Gyaran Gida ta Amurka, Ƙananan Ma'aikatan Jinya na Jihar New York, da Ƙungiyar Ƙasa don Ci Gaban Mutane Masu Launi . Burke kuma shugabar [[National Association of Black Military Women|ƙungiyar mata baƙaƙen sojoji ta ƙasa ce]] . Ita kuma memba ce ta girmamawa a ƙungiyar Alpha Kappa Alpha . == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1937]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] kxstcqecba7omq4glog86fng2ckmmrl 0 140126 829915 792818 2026-05-05T06:07:13Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829915 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} {| class="infobox vevent" |+ class="infobox-title summary" id="4" |Rawar Kafaɗa |- class="mw-file-element" data-file-height="800" data-file-type="bitmap" data-file-width="1200" decoding="async" height="167" resource="./File:Ethnic_Zhuang_Costumes_Guangnan_Yunnan_China.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Ethnic_Zhuang_Costumes_Guangnan_Yunnan_China.jpg/250px-Ethnic_Zhuang_Costumes_Guangnan_Yunnan_China.jpg" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Ethnic_Zhuang_Costumes_Guangnan_Yunnan_China.jpg/500px-Ethnic_Zhuang_Costumes_Guangnan_Yunnan_China.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Ethnic_Zhuang_Costumes_Guangnan_Yunnan_China.jpg/500px-Ethnic_Zhuang_Costumes_Guangnan_Yunnan_China.jpg 2x" width="250" | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Ethnic_Zhuang_Costumes_Guangnan_Yunnan_China.jpg|frameless]]<div class="infobox-caption">Wasu mutanen Zhuang masu sandar kafada</div> |- class="infobox-label" scope="row" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | Nau'i | class="infobox-data category" | Jama'a |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | Mai ƙirƙira | class="infobox-data" | [[Zhuang people|Mutanen Zhuang]] |} '''Rawar Ƙwallon kafaɗa''' ( Chinese ), wanda kuma aka sani a cikin [[Harsunan Zhuang|harshen Zhuang]] da Da Lu Lie ({{Lang|za|打虏列}}), [[Raye-Raye a Kasar Sin|rawa ce ta gargajiya ta al'ummar Sinawa]] ta ƙabilar Zhuang a [[Sin|ƙasar Sin]] . Ta samo asali ne daga aikin da ake yi na yin busar shinkafa kuma ta rikide zuwa wani nau'in wasan kwaikwayo na musamman ta amfani da sandunan bamboo don buga benci ko magudanar ruwa cikin sauƙi. Rawar tana nuna yanayin noma kamar dasa shukar shinkafa, girbi, [[sussuka]], da kuma buga [[hatsi]] . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Have you ever seen a dance performed with a Shoulder Pole? |trans-title=用扁担跳的舞，你见过吗？ |url=https://www.sohu.com/a/www.sohu.com/a/497544008_120006290 |access-date=2025-06-20 |website=sohu.com |language=zh}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Zhuang Shoulder Pole Dance |trans-title=壮族扁担舞 |url=https://www.ihchina.cn/project_details/23475/ |access-date=20 June 2025 |website=China Intangible Cultural Heritage Network |publisher=ihchina.cn |language=zh}}</ref> == Asali == A cewar tatsuniyar yankin, rawar ta samo asali ne daga lokacin hijirar Zhuang da Miao . A cikin wani labari daga ƙauyen Zhangpi, gundumar Leishan, a lokacin ƙaura mai wahala, wani mutum ya fara bugun sandar kafadarsa da laƙa a cikin shiru na dare, wanda ya sa wasu suka haɗu da shi cikin rawa da rawa. Bayan lokaci, wannan ya rikide zuwa salon magana na jama'a wanda ya wuce tsararraki. Da farko, rawa ta ƙunshi buga katako a kan kwano mai bugun dutse, amma saboda nauyin kwano, dogayen benci daga baya sun maye gurbinsa. <ref name=":1"/> == Salon wasan kwaikwayo == Kayan da aka yi amfani da su wajen yin wasan kwaikwayo su ne tufafin da matan Zhuang ke sawa a kullum, tare da mayafin fure, riga mai lanƙwasa, wando na gargajiya, da aljihun ƙirji. Ana yin rawar da adadin masu rawa iri ɗaya, tare da masu wasan kwaikwayo suna tsaye a ɓangarorin biyu na benci, suna riƙe da sandunan kafada. Suna buga benci ko sandunan juna a cikin waƙoƙi iri ɗaya, suna kwaikwayon ayyukan noma daban-daban. Tsarin ya haɗa da jerin abubuwa kamar "Shuka Shinkafa," "Ɗaukar Ruwa," da "Tsere." Waƙar ta kasance daga sau 2/4 zuwa 5/4, kuma wani lokacin ana tare da bututun bamboo, ganguna, gongs, ko kuge. Wasu wasannin sun haɗa da sassan ƙungiya huɗu tare da bugun giciye mai kusurwa da sauye-sauye masu ban sha'awa. Sau da yawa ana yin wasan kwaikwayo tare da waƙa. Ana yin sa ne a lokacin bukukuwa da bukukuwa. <ref name=":1"/> Rawar kafada sau da yawa tana bayyana a matsayin rawa ta farko ko kuma rawa mai rakiya a cikin wasan opera na Zhuang. Dukansu ana yin su ne da yaren Zhuang. A wasu wasannin opera na gargajiya na Zhuang, rawa ta kafada tana wakiltar aikin jama'a. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ethnological Museum |trans-title=民族博物馆 |url=https://www.kepu.net.cn/gb/civilization/nation/feeling/fee5608.html |access-date=2025-06-20 |website=www.kepu.net.cn |language=zh |quote=壮剧，也称壮戏，是在壮族丰富多彩的民间文学、音乐、舞蹈和杂耍技艺的基础上形成的舞台表演艺术，已有数百年的历史。“扁担舞”是典型的反映生产劳动的舞蹈。 |trans-quote=Zhuang opera, also known as Zhuang drama, is a stage performance art formed on the basis of the rich and colorful folk literature, music, dance and juggling skills of the Zhuang nationality, with a history of hundreds of years. "Carrying pole dance" is a typical dance reflecting production labor.}}</ref> == Nau'o'i == === Mashan County === An san rawar kafada a gundumar Mashan saboda motsinta da kuma salonta na musamman. An yi ta a dandalin wasanni na ƙasa a matsayin wata rawa ta wakiltar ƙabilun Guangxi. A shekarun 1980, rawar kafada ta Mashan ta shiga gasar wasannin tsiraru ta ƙasa kuma ta lashe kyautar farko. A shekarar 2003, ta kuma bayyana a cikin "Yawon Bugai Carnival" na bikin waƙar jama'a na duniya na Nanning. Mashan mai zane Wei Wenyao ya ba da gudummawa sosai ga ƙirƙira da yaɗa rawa ta kafada. Yana mai da hankali kan haɗa hanyoyin wasan gargajiya da wasan kwaikwayo na zamani, yana ba rawa ta kafada sabuwar kuzari ta fasaha. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ethnological Museum |trans-title=民族博物馆 |url=https://www.kepu.net.cn/gb/civilization/nation/feeling/fee5608.html |access-date=2025-06-20 |website=www.kepu.net.cn |language=zh |quote=壮剧，也称壮戏，是在壮族丰富多彩的民间文学、音乐、舞蹈和杂耍技艺的基础上形成的舞台表演艺术，已有数百年的历史。“扁担舞”是典型的反映生产劳动的舞蹈。 |trans-quote=Zhuang opera, also known as Zhuang drama, is a stage performance art formed on the basis of the rich and colorful folk literature, music, dance and juggling skills of the Zhuang nationality, with a history of hundreds of years. "Carrying pole dance" is a typical dance reflecting production labor.}}</ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=The flower of folk dance blooms more and more brilliantly |trans-title=民间舞蹈之花越开越绚烂 |url=https://www.sohu.com/a/www.sohu.com/a/416501427_394132 |access-date=2025-06-20 |website=sohu.com |language=zh}}</ref> == Yaɗa == The carrying pole dance was once widely popular in Du'an, Mashan County Debao County, Ningming County, Pingguo County and other places in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |title=It's amazing! Duan went directly to CCTV live broadcast room |trans-title=太牛了，都安直接上央视直播间 |url=https://www.sohu.com/a/www.sohu.com/a/306813679_120053268 |access-date=2025-06-20 |website=sohu.com |language=zh |quote=我们都安的扁担舞曾经在上世纪五十年代代表广西进入中南海。又于07年参加了北京奥运会倒计时表演 |trans-quote=Our Du'an's shoulder pole dance once represented Guangxi in the Zhongnanhai in the 1950s. It also participated in the countdown performance for the Beijing Olympics in 2007. }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A shekara ta 2007, ƙungiyar Du'an Kangle Art Troupe ta yi wasa a [[Beijing]] a matsayin ƙungiyar wakilai don shiga cikin bikin ƙidayar maki don gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2008. <ref name=":5"/> == Hasashen Yanayi == Tare da ci gaban zamani da kuma sauyin sha'awar matasa, rawar kafada ta taɓa fuskantar haɗarin ɓacewa. A yau, tare da haɓaka manufar kare al'adun gargajiya na ƙasa da ba a iya gani ba da kuma ƙarfafa wayar da kan jama'a game da al'adun gida, ƙungiyar masu fasaha da ma'aikatan al'adu sun himmatu wajen kiyaye su. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Jiang |first=Xuelin |title=Let students inherit farming culture |trans-title=让学生传承农耕文化 |url=https://www.gx.chinanews.com.cn/kjwt/2022-06-17/detail-ihazirna5779635.shtml |access-date=2025-06-20 |website=gx.chinanews.com.cn |language=zh}}</ref> <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=The "intangible cultural heritage + research and study" model brings new youthful vitality to the pole dance |trans-title=“非遗+研学”模式让扁担舞焕发新的青春活力 |url=https://www.sohu.com/a/www.sohu.com/a/901755147_120794464 |access-date=2025-06-20 |website=sohu.com |language=zh}}</ref> == Manazarta == j13p21vmniechuxsnabb8mu6e3fhu5s 0 140151 829793 792849 2026-05-05T03:17:59Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 4 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829793 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Shaundra Bryant Daily''' (an haife ta a ranar 29 ga Mayu, 1979) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Science Update: The Science Radio News Feature of the AAAS |url=https://www.scienceupdate.com/spotlights/african-american-scientists/ |access-date=2021-02-22 |website=www.scienceupdate.com}}</ref> farfesa ce 'yar Amurka kuma marubuciya da aka san ta da aikinta a fannin kwamfuta mai mayar da hankali kan ɗan adam da faɗaɗa shiga cikin STEM. <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 January 2013 |title=Dr. Shaundra B. Daily Works to Improve Education with Technology - Higher Education |url=https://diverseeducation.com/article/50560/ |access-date=2021-02-22 |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kuo |first=Maggie |date=2016-11-17 |title=Changing the face of computer science |url=https://www.science.org/content/article/changing-face-computer-science |access-date=2021-02-22 |website=AAAS |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-05-16 |title=Shaundra Daily |url=https://sources.npr.org/2015/05/16/shaundra-daily/ |access-date=2021-02-22 |website=Source of the Week |language=en-US |archive-date=2021-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303054517/https://sources.npr.org/2015/05/16/shaundra-daily/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-05-24 |title=Announcing the Institute for African-American Mentoring in Computing Sciences |url=https://computinged.wordpress.com/2013/05/24/announcing-the-institute-for-african-american-mentoring-in-computing-sciences/ |access-date=2021-02-22 |website=Computing Education Research Blog |language=en}}</ref> [[Farfesa]] ce a Sashen Injiniyan Lantarki da Kwamfuta da Kimiyyar Kwamfuta a Jami'ar Duke . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty |url=https://ece.duke.edu/faculty |access-date=2021-02-21 |website=Duke Electrical and Computer Engineering |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == Tun tana ƙarama, Daily tana da sha'awar lissafi da kimiyya kuma tana son rawa da yin motsa jiki. Daily ta sami digirinta na farko a [[Injinia.|fannin Injiniyanci]] daga Jami'ar Jihar Florida a shekarar 2001, digirinta na biyu a fannin Injiniyanci daga Jami'ar Noma da Makanikai ta Florida a shekarar 2003, da digirinta na farko (2005) da digirin digirgir (2010) daga Cibiyar Nazarin Fasaha ta Massachusetts . A Cibiyar Nazarin Labarai, <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 January 2013 |title=Dr. Shaundra B. Daily Works to Improve Education with Technology - Higher Education |url=https://diverseeducation.com/article/50560/ |access-date=2021-02-22 |language=en}}</ref> ta yi aiki tare da Ƙwaƙwalwar Kwamfuta Mai Ƙarfi <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kuo |first=Maggie |date=2016-11-17 |title=Changing the face of computer science |url=https://www.science.org/content/article/changing-face-computer-science |access-date=2021-02-22 |website=AAAS |language=en}}</ref> da Ƙungiyoyin Koyo na Future. == Sana'a == Bayan kammala karatunta a dakin gwaje-gwaje na Media Lab, Daily ta shiga Makarantar Kwamfuta ta Jami'ar Clemson a Sashen Kwamfuta Mai Tsari ga Dan Adam a matsayin mataimakiyar farfesa . A can aka ɗaukaka ta zuwa mataimakiyar farfesa kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabar sashen. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Science Update: The Science Radio News Feature of the AAAS |url=https://www.scienceupdate.com/spotlights/african-american-scientists/ |access-date=2021-02-22 |website=www.scienceupdate.com}}</ref> A shekarar 2012, Daily ta shiga cikin wani aiki mai cike da ce-ce-ku-ce don auna martanin fata mai launin galvanic a cikin azuzuwa ta amfani da munduwa daga kamfanin Affectiva . Gidauniyar Bill da Melinda Gates ce ta dauki nauyin aikin kuma Diane Ravitch ta Jami'ar New York ta soki aikin. Aikin Daily a Clemson ya mayar da hankali kan amfani da rawa don koyar da shirye-shirye. Ɗalibai sun yi amfani da shirye-shiryen block don yin rawa a cikin yanayi na kama-da-wane. Manufar binciken ita ce taimakawa wajen cike gibin jinsi a kimiyyar kwamfuta da injiniyanci. <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 January 2013 |title=Dr. Shaundra B. Daily Works to Improve Education with Technology - Higher Education |url=https://diverseeducation.com/article/50560/ |access-date=2021-02-22 |language=en}}</ref> A shekarar 2015, ta shiga Sashen Kimiyyar Kwamfuta da Bayanai a Jami'ar Florida a matsayin farfesa ta mataimakiya, kafin ta koma Jami'ar Duke inda ta yi aiki a matsayin farfesa ta mataimakiya a Sashen Injiniyan Lantarki da Kwamfuta. A matsayinta na Daraktan Malamai <ref>{{Cite web |title=Science Update: The Science Radio News Feature of the AAAS |url=https://www.scienceupdate.com/spotlights/african-american-scientists/ |access-date=2021-02-22 |website=www.scienceupdate.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 January 2013 |title=Dr. Shaundra B. Daily Works to Improve Education with Technology - Higher Education |url=https://diverseeducation.com/article/50560/ |access-date=2021-02-22 |language=en}}</ref> na Shirin Masana Fasaha na Duke, [https://quadex.duke.edu/n/faculty-fellows/ QuadEx ta jagoranci Faculty Fellow], <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kuo |first=Maggie |date=2016-11-17 |title=Changing the face of computer science |url=https://www.science.org/content/article/changing-face-computer-science |access-date=2021-02-22 |website=AAAS |language=en}}</ref> kuma wakilin malamai na kwamitin zartarwa na Kwalejin Injiniya ta Pratt, Kwamitin Bambancin Injiniya, Haɗaka, Daidaito da Al'umma, <ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-05-16 |title=Shaundra Daily |url=https://sources.npr.org/2015/05/16/shaundra-daily/ |access-date=2021-02-22 |website=Source of the Week |language=en-US |archive-date=2021-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303054517/https://sources.npr.org/2015/05/16/shaundra-daily/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Daily ta ci gaba da aiki don daidaito a fannin ilimi. An rubuta nasarorin da Daily ta samu a cikin labarai, shirye-shiryen yanar gizo da kuma shirye-shiryen podcast. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Science Update: The Science Radio News Feature of the AAAS |url=https://www.scienceupdate.com/spotlights/african-american-scientists/ |access-date=2021-02-22 |website=www.scienceupdate.com}}</ref> An nuna ta a cikin kafofin labarai saboda aikinta na haɗa rawa da muhallin kama-da-wane don koyar da shirye-shiryen kwamfuta <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 January 2013 |title=Dr. Shaundra B. Daily Works to Improve Education with Technology - Higher Education |url=https://diverseeducation.com/article/50560/ |access-date=2021-02-22 |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kuo |first=Maggie |date=2016-11-17 |title=Changing the face of computer science |url=https://www.science.org/content/article/changing-face-computer-science |access-date=2021-02-22 |website=AAAS |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-05-16 |title=Shaundra Daily |url=https://sources.npr.org/2015/05/16/shaundra-daily/ |access-date=2021-02-22 |website=Source of the Week |language=en-US |archive-date=2021-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303054517/https://sources.npr.org/2015/05/16/shaundra-daily/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> da kuma The Washington Post saboda aikinta na bincika batutuwan sirri da aminci na kwamfuta mai ban sha'awa a cikin aji. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-05-24 |title=Announcing the Institute for African-American Mentoring in Computing Sciences |url=https://computinged.wordpress.com/2013/05/24/announcing-the-institute-for-african-american-mentoring-in-computing-sciences/ |access-date=2021-02-22 |website=Computing Education Research Blog |language=en}}</ref> An nuna Daily tare da Neil deGrasse Tyson da Mayim Bialik a cikin jerin labaran PBS ''na Sirrin Rayuwar Masana Kimiyya da Injiniyoyi'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Science Update: The Science Radio News Feature of the AAAS |url=https://www.scienceupdate.com/spotlights/african-american-scientists/ |access-date=2021-02-22 |website=www.scienceupdate.com}}</ref> == Daraja da kyaututtuka == * [https://awards.acm.org/karlstrom Kyautar Karl V. Karlstrom] ta Ƙungiyar Injinan Kwamfuta ta 2023 (tare da A. Nicki Washington) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Science Update: The Science Radio News Feature of the AAAS |url=https://www.scienceupdate.com/spotlights/african-american-scientists/ |access-date=2021-02-22 |website=www.scienceupdate.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 January 2013 |title=Dr. Shaundra B. Daily Works to Improve Education with Technology - Higher Education |url=https://diverseeducation.com/article/50560/ |access-date=2021-02-22 |language=en}}</ref> * [https://governor.nc.gov/news/press-releases/2022/02/08/governor-cooper-honors-north-carolinas-black-stem-leaders-during-black-history-month Bakar fata Shugaban STEM] na 2022, Gwamna Roy Cooper na North Carolina * Mai ba da shawara na digiri na biyu na shekarar 2020, Jami'ar Duke <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kuo |first=Maggie |date=2016-11-17 |title=Changing the face of computer science |url=https://www.science.org/content/article/changing-face-computer-science |access-date=2021-02-22 |website=AAAS |language=en}}</ref> * Kyautar Bincike ta Fasaha, Koyarwa, Fahimta da Koyo ta 2015 da Ƙungiyar Binciken Ilimi ta Amurka ta bayar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-05-16 |title=Shaundra Daily |url=https://sources.npr.org/2015/05/16/shaundra-daily/ |access-date=2021-02-22 |website=Source of the Week |language=en-US |archive-date=2021-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303054517/https://sources.npr.org/2015/05/16/shaundra-daily/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> * 2015 Delta Alpha Pi, Kyautar Ilimi ta Musamman ga Masu Ilimi saboda kyakkyawan aiki wanda ke shafar ɗaliban da ke da nakasa. * Kyautar Epsilon ta BDPA ta 2013 <ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-05-24 |title=Announcing the Institute for African-American Mentoring in Computing Sciences |url=https://computinged.wordpress.com/2013/05/24/announcing-the-institute-for-african-american-mentoring-in-computing-sciences/ |access-date=2021-02-22 |website=Computing Education Research Blog |language=en}}</ref> * 2013 Batutuwa Mabambanta da Ilimi Mai Girma, Masanin da ke Tasowa <ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty |url=https://ece.duke.edu/faculty |access-date=2021-02-21 |website=Duke Electrical and Computer Engineering |language=en}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1979]] iy6nt1fpqbdz6w9lwichody533x28qh 0 140252 830108 793483 2026-05-05T10:58:02Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 6 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 830108 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Bikin Stagecoach Bikin kiɗa ne na shekara-shekara na ƙasar da aka gudanar a Empire Polo Club a Indio, California, a cikin [[Coachella]]_Valley" id="mwDg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Coachella Valley">Kwarin Coachella a cikin Colorado Desert . Goldenvoice ne ya shirya shi, wani reshe na AEG Presents, wani taron 'yar'uwa ne ga bikin Coachella, kuma an gudanar da shi a karshen mako nan da nan bayan kammalawar Coachella. Da farko an gudanar da shi a shekara ta 2007, taron ya ja hankalin mawaƙa na ƙasa daga al'ada da pop, zuwa mutane, bluegrass, Tushen dutse, americana, da kuma madadin ƙasa, tare da mai da hankali kan tsoffin masu wasan kwaikwayo da ayyukan da ke zuwa.<ref name="mydesert">{{Cite web |last=Fessier |first=Bruce |title=Stagecoach attracts big names, crowds as country music festival grows |url=http://www.mydesert.com/article/20120430/LIFESTYLES010103/204300312/Country-stars-shine-bright |access-date=2 May 2012 |publisher=My Desert}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Willman |first=Chris |title=Stagecoach Festival Ends on High Note With Brad Paisley, The Band Perry, Martina McBride |url=http://www.cmt.com/news/country-music/1684149/stagecoach-festival-ends-on-high-note-with-brad-paisley-the-band-perry-martina-mcbride.jhtml |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120706101144/http://www.cmt.com/news/country-music/1684149/stagecoach-festival-ends-on-high-note-with-brad-paisley-the-band-perry-martina-mcbride.jhtml |archive-date=July 6, 2012 |access-date=2 May 2012 |publisher=CMT}}</ref> Ita ce bikin kiɗa na ƙasa mafi girma kuma mafi girma a duniya. == Tarihi == An gudanar da Stagecoach a karo na farko a cikin 2007, a matsayin 'yar'uwa ga bikin Coachella . A cikin shekara ta 2012, masu halartar bikin 55,000 sun nuna taron farko da aka sayar.<ref name="mydesert"/> A cikin 2018, Stagecoach ya kafa sabon rikodin halarta tare da masu halarta 75,000; wannan ya wuce shekara mai zuwa tare da mafi girma na 80,000. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mix 100.5 |url=https://www.mix1005.fm/stagecoach-sets-new-attendance-record-in-2018-75000/ |access-date=13 September 2018 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> An soke Stagecoach a cikin 2020 da 2021 saboda COVID-19. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Wilkinson |first=Alissa |date=2020-07-24 |title=How the coronavirus outbreak is roiling the film and entertainment industries |url=https://www.vox.com/culture/2020/3/10/21173376/coronavirus-cancel-tenet-disney-mulan-french-dispatch-avatar-star-wars-quiet-place-top-gun |access-date=2020-08-02 |website=Vox |language=en}}</ref> Shahararrun masu wasan kwaikwayo sun hada da Brad Paisley, Jason Aldean, Kenny Chesney, Brooks da Dunn, Toby Keith, Miranda Lambert, Blake Shelton, Sugarland, The Charlie Daniels Band, Alabama.<ref>{{Cite web |title=News Updates |url=http://stagecoachfestival.com/updates/news |access-date=14 May 2012 |publisher=Stagecoach Music Festival}}</ref> George Strait, Alan Jackson, [[Willie Nelson]], Eagles, Roger McGuinn, Rascal Flatts, [[Taylor Swift]], Tim McGraw, Carrie Underwood, Keith Urban, Martina McBride, Don Williams, [[Jerry Lee Lewis]], Shania Twain, Luke Bryan, Garth Brooks, Eric Church, da Post Malone. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, Stagecoach ya zama hotspot ga magoya baya da masu fafatawa na wasan kwaikwayo na gaskiya ''[./The_&#x3C;i&#x20;id= Bachelor]''_(American_TV_series)" id="mwbA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="The Bachelor (American TV series)">The Bachelor, tare da masu fafutuka da yawa daga Bachelor Nation da aka gayyace su halarci bikin kuma su sanya hotuna a Instagram. An bayyana cewa wasan kwaikwayo na farko a Season 6 na Bachelor spinoff Bachelor in Paradise ya samo asali ne daga dangantakar soyayya da ta faru a bikin kiɗa a farkon shekarar.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lindsay |first=Kathryn |title=Stagecoach Music Festival & Do They Put Love Potion In Their Beer? |url=https://www.refinery29.com/en-us/2019/08/239864/what-is-stagecoach-festival-bachelor-in-paradise |access-date=4 September 2020 |website=Refinery 29 |publisher=VICE media group}}</ref> Sashe na fim din 2018 A Star Is Born, tare da [[Bradley Cooper]] da [[Lady Gaga]], an yi fim a Stagecoach.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pena |first=Xochitl |title='A Star is Born' with Bradley Cooper and Lady Gaga in scenes shot on Coachella, Stagecoach stages |url=https://www.desertsun.com/story/life/entertainment/people/2018/07/10/watch-sneak-peek-star-born-filmed-coachella-valley/770073002/ |access-date=2 May 2022 |website=The Desert Sun}}</ref> == Yin sansani == Gidajen suna ba da sansani a wurin ga wasu masu halartar bikin. Jaridar Desert Sun ta wallafa wani labarin game da sansanin, inda ta ba da rahoton cewa wasu masu halarta suna tunanin cewa, a matsayin wani abu mai zaman kansa, kusan daidai yake da kide-kide. An kawar da manufofin sansanin alfarwa / mota na bikin na 2013 kuma an canza dokokin sansanin RV saboda yawan mutane 55,000 da aka sayar a bikin na 2012. Sabbin dokoki sun tsaya har sai Goldenvoice ya yanke shawarar wani tsari daban. == Abincin biki == Bikin yana nuna abinci da abin sha iri-iri don jin daɗi a cikin karshen mako. Wasu daga cikin gidajen cin abinci da ake sa ran bikin 2013 sune Jackelope Ranch, Las Casuelas, [1] Ruth's Chris Steakhouse, Fisherman's Market & Grill, da masu siyarwa kamar Spicy Pie, Pink's Hot Dogs, da Waffleman Ice Cream Sandwiches. Har ila yau akwai mashaya masu cike da mashaya, gidan cin abinci na Cantina, gasar BBQ, da kuma karin kumallo da ke tallafawa Lions Club na gida.[2] Kansas City BBQ Society (KCBS) ta ba da izini ga Gasar Cin Kofin BBQ ta Stagecoach wanda ya kunshi kungiyoyi daga ko'ina cikin ƙasar da ke fafatawa don Gasar Jihar KCBS California. <ref name="ticketnews">{{Cite web |last=Grossweiner |first=Bob |last2=Cohen |first2=Jane |date=11 Nov 2008 |title=Country music's Stagecoach Festival announces lineup for April 25–26 |url=http://www.ticketnews.com/news/Country-music-Stagecoach-Festival-announces-lineup-for-April11811021 |access-date=24 January 2013 |website=Ticket News |archive-date=8 April 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130408094300/http://www.ticketnews.com/news/Country-music-Stagecoach-Festival-announces-lineup-for-April11811021 |url-status=dead }}</ref> === Manyan zakara === * 2008 - Sug's Shack BBQ & BLQUE Cuttin Edge Que <ref>{{Cite web |title=May 2008 |url=http://www.kcbs.us/events.php?type=&month=5&month=5&year=2008 |access-date=25 January 2013 |website=Kansas City Barbeque Society }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> * 2009 - Rhythm N' Que & Lotta Bull <ref>{{Cite web |title=April 2009 |url=http://www.kcbs.us/events.php?type=&month=4&month=4&year=2009 |access-date=25 January 2013 |website=Kansas City Barbeque Society }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> * 2010 - Lotta Bull West <ref>{{Cite web |title=April 2010 |url=http://www.kcbs.us/events.php?type=&month=4&month=4&year=2010 |access-date=25 January 2013 |website=Kansas City Barbeque Society }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> * 2011 - Dukkanin An Tattara <ref>{{Cite web |title=April 2011 |url=http://www.kcbs.us/events.php?type=&month=4&month=4&year=2011 |access-date=25 January 2013 |website=Kansas City Barbeque Society }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> * 2012 - El Fuego Fiasco <ref>{{Cite web |title=April 2012 |url=http://www.kcbs.us/events.php?type=&month=5&month=4&year=2012 |access-date=25 January 2013 |website=Kansas City Barbeque Society }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Jerin shekara == {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;" ! scope="col" |Edition ! scope="col" |Year ! scope="col" |Dates ! class="unsortable" scope="col" |Headliners ! class="unsortable" scope="col" |Notable acts ! scope="col" |Ref |- | scope="row" |1 |2007 |5–6 May |George Strait • Kenny Chesney |Alan Jackson, Brooks &amp;amp; Dunn, Sara Evans, Sugarland, Miranda Lambert, Gary Allan, Eric Church, Pat Green, Jamie O'Neal, Jason Aldean, Jason Michael Carroll, Carolyn Dawn Johnson, [[Willie Nelson]], Emmylou Harris, Lucinda Williams, [[Kris Kristofferson]], Earl Scruggs, Ricky Skaggs, Nickel Creek, Junior Brown, [[Raul Malo]], Drive-By Truckers, Neko Case, Alejandro Escovedo, Old 97's, John Doe, Robert Earl Keen, Richie Furay, Doyle Lawson, Chris Hillman and Herb Peterson, Marty Stuart, Yonder Mountain String Band, The Del McCoury Band, Old School Freight Train, The Flatlanders, Riders in the Sky, Asleep at the Wheel, Abigail Washburn, Red Steagall, Don Edwards, Waddie Mitchell, Sons of the San Joaquin, Cowboy Nation |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Stagecoach 2007 &#124; Country music festival, Willie nelson, Sara evans |url=https://www.pinterest.com/pin/531213718519094942/ |access-date=2 May 2022 |website=Pinterest.com}}</ref> |- | scope="row" |2 |2008 |2–4 May |Eagles • Rascal Flatts • Tim McGraw |John Fogerty, The Judds, Carrie Underwood, Trisha Yearwood, Dierks Bentley, Big &amp;amp; Rich, Shelby Lynne, Dwight Yoakam, Gretchen Wilson, Glen Campbell, [[Taylor Swift]], Trace Adkins, Mike Ness, Earl Scruggs, George Jones, Shooter Jennings, Bucky Covington, Jack Ingram, Rissi Palmer, Luke Bryan, Ralph Stanley, Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, Cross Canadian Ragweed, Halfway to Hazard, Michelle Branch, Crystal Shawanda, Jerry Douglas, Craig Morgan, Jypsi, Ian Tyson, Sons of the San Joaquin, Dan Tyminski, The Isaacs, Don Edwards, The Kentucky Headhunters, Michael Martin Murphey, Randy Rogers Band, J. D. Crowe, Chuck Wicks, Cherryholmes, Billy Joe Shaver, Red Steagall, Waddie Mitchell, Ryan Bingham, Charlie Louvin, Sam Bush, Carolina Chocolate Drops, The Greencards, Whiskey Falls, Hayes Carll |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Stagecoach Country Music Festival in Indio, Ca. (May 2-4, 2008) – Coast to Coast Newspaper |url=https://ccnewspaper.com/2008/02/stagecoach-country-music-festival-in-indio-ca-may-2-4-2008/?doing_wp_cron=1735057633.3067030906677246093750 |access-date=2024-12-24 |website=ccnewspaper.com}}</ref> |- | scope="row" |3 |2009 |25–26 April |Kenny Chesney • Brad Paisley |Reba McEntire, Kid Rock, Little Big Town, Miranda Lambert, Poco, Charlie Daniels Band, Darius Rucker, Earl Scruggs, Chris Cagle, Lady Antebellum, The Reverend Horton Heat, Jerry Jeff Walker, Ricky Skaggs, Ralph Stanley, Lynn Anderson, Doyle Lawson, Peter Rowan, Danielle Peck, Dale Watson, Zac Brown Band, The Duhks, Waddie Mitchell, Randy Houser, The Hot Club of Cowtown, The Infamous Stringdusters, Jim Lauderdale, James Intveld, Kevin Costner &amp;amp; Modern West, Greensky Bluegrass, Sacred Cowboys |<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 November 2008 |title=Stagecoach 2009 Line Up Announced |url=https://celebrityaccess.com/caarchive/stagecoach-2009-line-up-announced/ |access-date=2 May 2022 |website=Celebrityaccess.com}}</ref> |- | scope="row" |4 |2010 |24–25 April |Keith Urban • Toby Keith |Sugarland, Brooks &amp;amp; Dunn, Gary Allan, Billy Currington, Phil Vassar, Merle Haggard, The Oak Ridge Boys, Ray Price, Jamey Johnson, The Avett Brothers, Carlene Carter, Bobby Bare, Joey + Rory, B. J. Thomas, Nick 13, Doyle Lawson, Baxter Black, The SteelDrivers, Easton Corbin, Mallary Hope, Chuck Mead, Mary Gauthier, Bill Anderson, Little Jimmy Dickens, Waddie Mitchell, Trampled by Turtles |<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 October 2009 |title=2010 Stagecoach Festival Lineup |url=https://www.acountry.com/2010-stagecoach-festival-lineup/ |access-date=2 May 2022 |website=Acountry.com}}</ref> |- | scope="row" |5 |2011 |30 April-1 May |Rascal Flatts • Kenny Chesney |Carrie Underwood, Darius Rucker, Josh Turner, Easton Corbin, [[Loretta Lynn]], Chris Young, Leon Russell, Ricky Skaggs, Jerry Douglas, The Gatlin Brothers, Jack Ingram, K.d. lang, Mel Tillis, Rodney Crowell, Rhonda Vincent, Secret Sisters, Steel Magnolia, Joanna Smith, Wanda Jackson, Rosie Flores, Lukas Nelson, Sara Watkins, Punch Brothers, Coal Porters, Stealing Angels, The Gourds, The CleverlysPhosphorescent, Peter Rowan, The Harters, Truth &amp;amp; Salvage Co. |<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 October 2010 |title=Stagecoach Confirms Lineup |url=https://relix.com/news/detail/stagecoach-confirms-lineup/ |access-date=2 May 2022 |website=Relix Media}}</ref> |- | scope="row" |6 |2012 |27–29 April |Brad Paisley • Jason Aldean • Miranda Lambert |Blake Shelton, Alabama, Martina McBride, Kenny Rogers, Luke Bryan, [[Sheryl Crow]], The Mavericks, Sara Evans, The Band Perry, Steve Martin and Steep Canyon Rangers, Chris Isaak, Justin Moore, The Jayhawks, Eli Young Band, Roy Clark, The JaneDear girls, The Del McCoury Band, Brett Eldredge, Aaron Lewis, Ralph Stanley, Uncle Monk, J. D. Crowe, Sara Watkins, Sunny Sweeney, Dave Alvin, The Unforgiven, Greensky Bluegrass, Elizabeth Cook, [[JD Souther]], Old Man Markley, Split Lip Rayfield, Joe Purdy, The Grascals |<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 October 2011 |title=2012 Stagecoach Festival Lineup Announced |url=http://socalmusictoday.com/2012-stagecoach-festival-lineup-announced/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170921083516/http://socalmusictoday.com/2012-stagecoach-festival-lineup-announced |archive-date=September 21, 2017 |access-date=2 May 2022 |website=Socialmusictoday.com}}</ref> |- | scope="row" |7 |2013 |26–28 April |Toby Keith • Lady Antebellum • Zac Brown Band |Hank Williams Jr., Dierks Bentley, Darius Rucker, Trace Adkins, Rodney Atkins, Thompson Square, Jeff Bridges, Dwight Yoakam, Lonestar, Roger McGuinn, Phil Vassar, The Charlie Daniels Band, Old Crow Medicine Show, Nick 13, Charley Pride, Joe Nichols, John Anderson, Don Williams, Connie Smith, Marty Stuart, Tanya Tucker, The Little Willies, Jana Kramer, John Reilly, Maggie Rose, Justin Townes Earle, Riders in the Sky, Hayes Carll, Suzy Bogguss, Waddie Mitchell, Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen, Robert Ellis, Florida Georgia Line, The Steel Wheels, Becky Stark, Chris Shiflett |<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 February 2013 |title=Stagecoach 2013 Lineup |url=https://www.inlandempire.com/stagecoach-2013/ |access-date=2 May 2022 |website=Inlandempire.com}}</ref> |- | scope="row" |8 |2014 |25–27 April |Eric Church • Jason Aldean • Luke Bryan |Brantley Gilbert, Hunter Hayes, Florida Georgia Line, Easton Corbin, Jennifer Nettles, Lee Brice, [[Loretta Lynn]], Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, John Prine, Thomas Rhett, Tyler Farr, Dustin Lynch, Shelby Lynne, Crystal Gayle, Chris Cagle, Eric Paslay, Ashley Monroe, Asleep at the Wheel, Jon Pardi, Dan + Shay, Michael Nesmith, Corey Smith, Don McLean, Charlie Worsham, Brenda Lee, Katey Sagal, Shakey Graves, John Conlee, Trampled by Turtles, Danielle Bradbery, Duane Eddy, The Black Lillies, Holly Williams, Shovels &amp;amp; Rope, Nicki Bluhm and The Gramblers, Dan + Shay, Sleepy Man Banjo Boys, Lindsay Ell, Jason Isbell, Kelleigh Bannen, JD McPherson, Hurray for the Riff Raff, Jonny Fritz, Sarah Jarosz, Spirit Family Reunion, The Railers, The Howlin' Brothers, Susanna Hoffs, Radney Foster, The Seldom Scene, I See Hawks In L.A., Corb Lund, The Wild Feathers, Shelly Colvin |<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 October 2013 |title=Stagecoach Festival 2014 Lineup: Luke Bryan, Eric Church, Jason Aldean, and More |url=https://www.spin.com/2013/10/stagecoach-festival-2014-lineup-luke-bryan-eric-church-jason-aldean/ |access-date=2 May 2022 |website=Spin.com}}</ref> |- | scope="row" |9 |2015 |24–26 April |Tim McGraw • Miranda Lambert • Blake Shelton |Jake Owen, Dierks Bentley, The Band Perry, Kip Moore, Justin Moore, Sara Evans, Merle Haggard, ZZ Top, George Thorogood, Kacey Musgraves, Eli Young Band, Jerrod Niemann, Parmalee, Gregg Allman, Frankie Ballard, Steve Earle, The Devil Makes Three, The Oak Ridge Boys, Sturgill Simpson, Cassadee Pope, Hot Rize, The Time Jumpers, Charles Esten, Outlaws, The Lone Bellow, Clare Bowen and Chris Carmack, Eric Burdon, Brothers Osborne, The Cadillac Three, The Swon Brothers, Parker Millsap, Mickey Gilley, Maddie &amp;amp; Tae, The Handsome Family, Mac Davis, Chris Janson, Balsam Range, Nikki Lane, Keith Anderson, Lydia Loveless, John Moreland, Chatham County Line, Logan Mize, The Quebe Sisters, Logan Brill, Pegi Young, Daniel Romano, The Ben Miller Band, Cam, Della Mae, Andrew Combs, Lindi Ortega, Clare Dunn, Jason Eady, The Haden Triplets, Anaïs Mitchell, Old Salt Union, David Fanning |<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 October 2014 |title=Stagecoach Festival Announces 2015 Lineup Featuring Tim McGraw, Miranda Lambert And Blake Shelton |url=https://music.mxdwn.com/2014/10/06/news/stagecoach-festival-announces-2015-lineup-featuring-tim-mcgraw-miranda-lambert-and-blake-shelton/ |access-date=2 May 2022 |website=Music.mxdwn.com}}</ref> |- | scope="row" |10 |2016 |29 April-1 May |Eric Church • Carrie Underwood • Luke Bryan |Chris Young, The Band Perry, Little Big Town, Sam Hunt, Joe Nichols, Dustin Lynch, Eric Paslay, Chris Stapleton, A Thousand Horses, Jana Kramer, Mo Pitney, RaeLynn, Kristian Bush, Caitlyn Smith, Old Dominion, Drake White, Brett Young, Lucie Silvas, Emmylou Harris, Rainey Qualley, Ruthie Collins, Robert Earl Keen, Aaron Watson, The Doobie Brothers, Lucero, John Fogerty, Turnpike Troubadours, Dale Watson, Lee Ann Womack, The Marshall Tucker Band, Carl Anderson, Sam Palladio, Johnny Lee, Leroy Powell, Sam Outlaw, Jason Boland &amp;amp; The Stragglers, Marty Stuart, Jamestown Revival, Amanda Shires, Billy Joe Shaver, Luke Bell, Midland, Whitey Morgan, Rodney Crowell, The Earls of Leicester, Cody Jinks, Langhorne Slim, The Deslondes, Aubrie Sellers, Pokey LaFarge, William Elliott Whitmore, Madisen Ward and the Mama Bear, EmiSunshine, Waddie Mitchell, Susto |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Weiner |first=Hannah |last2=Fessier |first2=Bruce |title=Stagecoach 2016 lineup announced |url=https://www.desertsun.com/story/life/entertainment/music/stagecoach/2015/10/05/stagecoach-2016-lineup-feature-carrie-underwood-eric-church/73377116/ |access-date=2 May 2022 |website=The Desert Sun}}</ref> |- | scope="row" |11 |2017 |28–30 April |Dierks Bentley • Shania Twain • Kenny Chesney |Cole Swindell, Brett Eldredge, Thomas Rhett, Randy Houser, Kip Moore, Tyler Farr, [[Jerry Lee Lewis]], [[Willie Nelson]], Travis Tritt, Jon Pardi, Dan + Shay, Cam, Maddie &amp;amp; Tae, Maren Morris, Los Lobos, 38 Special, Jamey Johnson, Cowboy Junkies, Elle King, Margo Price, The Cadillac Three, Elle King, Tucker Beathard, [[Luka Combs|Luke Combs]], The Zombies, Nikki Lane, Cody Johnson, Rhiannon Giddens, Robert Ellis, Lanco, Randy Rogers Band, Bobby Bones, Brent Cobb, Keifer Sutherland, Son Volt, William Michael Morgan, Anderson East, Justin Townes Earle, John Moreland, Dylan Scott, Ryan Hurd, Brooke Eden, Drew Holcomb and the Neighbors, The Cactus Blossoms, Levi Hummon, Ruston Kelly, Aaron Lee Tasjan, Bailey Bryan |<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 March 2017 |title=Stagecoach 2017 Lineup |url=https://www.inlandempire.com/stagecoach-2017-lineup/ |access-date=2 May 2022 |website=Inlandempire.com}}</ref> |- | scope="row" |12 |2018 |27–29 April |Florida Georgia Line • Keith Urban • Garth Brooks |Jake Owen, Kacey Musgraves, Lee Brice, Kelsea Ballerini, Brothers Osborne, Trisha Yearwood, Cody Jinks, Dwight Yoakam, Brett Young, Chris Janson, Jason Isbell, Kane Brown, Chris Lane, Granger Smith, Kenny Rogers, Molly Hatchet, Midland, Aaron Watson, Lindsay Ell, Morgan Wallen, [[Gordon Lightfoot]], Jordan Davis, Carly Pearce, Lukas Nelson, The Georgia Satellites, Ronnie Milsap, Ashley McBryde, Seth Ennis, Joshua Hedley, Jade Bird, Colter Wall, Tyler Childers, Brandy Clark, Jillian Jacqueline, Paul Cauthen, Runaway June, Jade Jackson |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Simon |first=Daniel Simon and Daniel |title=Full lineup for Stagecoach 2018 is in. Florida Georgia Line, Keith Urban and Garth Brooks headline |url=https://www.desertsun.com/story/life/entertainment/music/stagecoach/2017/09/13/full-lineup-stagecoach-2018-in-includes-jake-owen-kacey-musgraves-and-lee-brice/659925001/ |access-date=2 May 2022 |website=The Desert Sun}}</ref> |- | scope="row" |13 |2019 |26–28 April |Luke Bryan • Sam Hunt • Jason Aldean |Cole Swindell, [[Luka Combs|Luke Combs]], Old Dominion, Kane Brown, Lynyrd Skynyrd, Lauren Alaina, Bret Michaels, Cam, Tom Jones, Scotty McCreery, Lanco, Jordan Davis, Russell Dickerson, Michael Ray, Danielle Bradbery, Devin Dawson, Sammy Kershaw, Mark Chesnutt, Cody Johnson, Jessie James Decker, Mitchell Tenpenny, Joe Diffie, Travis Denning, Jimmie Allen, Tyler Rich, Whiskey Myers, Jon Langston, Ashley Monroe, Dan Tyminski, Aubrie Sellers, Rita Wilson, Charley Crockett, Whitey Morgan, Terri Clark, Parker Millsap, Abby Anderson, Adam Hambrick, Ruby Boots |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dolan |first=Casey |date=15 March 2019 |title=The 2019 Stagecoach set times are here |url=https://www.cactushugs.com/the-2019-stagecoach-set-times-are-here/ |access-date=2 May 2022 |website=Cactus Hugs}}</ref> |- | scope="row" |14 |2020 (Cancelled) |24–26 April |Thomas Rhett • Carrie Underwood • Eric Church |Brett Young, Dan + Shay, Alan Jackson, Dustin Lynch, Midland, Jon Pardi, Billy Ray Cyrus, ZZ Top, Bryan Adams, Morgan Wallen, LoCash, Chris Lane, [[Lil Nas X]], Tanya Tucker, Riley Green, Mitchell Tenpenny, Jimmie Allen, Neal McCoy, Nikki Lane, Marty Stuart, Shenandoah, RaeLynn, Ryan Bingham, Paul Cauthen, Hardy, Tenille Townes, Gabby Barrett, Pam Tillis, Caylee Hammack, Niko Moon, Ingrid Andress, Jade Jackson, Hayes Carll, The Last Bandoleros, Orville Peck, Brandon Ratcliff, Seaforth, Ian Noe, Hailey Whitters, Whitney Rose, Courtney Marie Andrews, The Haden Triplets, Payton Smith, Laci Kaye Booth |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Stagecoach Announce 2020 Lineup and On-sale Dates - Festicket Magazine |url=https://www.festicket.com/pl/magazine/news/stagecoach-announce-2020-lineup-and-sale-dates/ |access-date=2 May 2022 |website=Festicket.com}}</ref> |- | scope="row" |15 |2022 |29 April-1 May |Thomas Rhett • Carrie Underwood • [[Luka Combs|Luke Combs]] |Maren Morris, Brothers Osborne, The Black Crowes, Midland, Lee Brice, Cody Johnson, Brandi Carlile, Cody Jinks, Smokey Robinson, Jordan Davis, Mitchell Tenpenny, LoCash, Tanya Tucker, Margo Price, The Mavericks, Hardy, The Marcus King Band, Jimmie Allen, Yola, Ryan Hurd, Colter Wall, Lindsay Ell, Ingrid Andress, Travis Denning, Rhiannon Giddens, Neal McCoy, Shenandoah, Hailey Whitters, Breland, Orville Peck, Lainey Wilson, Charley Crockett, Caylee Hammack, Hayes Carll, Amythyst Kiah, Molly Tuttle, Waylon Payne, The Cactus Blossoms, Shy Carter, Flatland Cavalry, Reyna Roberts, Laci Kaye Booth, Zach Bryan, Ian Noe, Callista Clark, Jesse Labelle |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Zaremba |first=Melissa |date=12 July 2021 |title=Stagecoach 2022 lineup announced |url=https://kesq.com/news/2021/07/12/stagecoach-2022-lineup-announced/ |access-date=2 May 2022 |website=Kesq.com}}</ref> |- | scope="row" |16 |2023 |28–30 April |Luke Bryan • Kane Brown • Chris Stapleton |Jon Pardi, Old Dominion, Brooks &amp;amp; Dunn, Riley Green, Gabby Barrett, Parker McCollum, ZZ Top, Bryan Adams, Tyler Childers, Elle King, Niko Moon, Turnpike Troubadours, Breland, Nelly, Diplo, Melissa Etheridge, Morgan Wade, Lainey Wilson, Priscilla Block, Ryan Bingham, Sammy Kershaw, Marty Stuart, Parmalee, Ian Munsick, Mary Chapin Carpenter, Bailey Zimmerman, Nate Smith, Kameron Marlowe, Luke Grimes, Jackson Dean, Nikki Lane, Valerie June, Trixie Mattel, Corey Kent, Warren Zeiders, Seaforth, [[Lily Rose]], Sierra Ferrell, Drake Milligan, American Aquarium, Restless Road, Flamin' Groovies, The Last Bandoleros, Keb' Mo', Nick Shoulders, Jaime Wyatt |<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 September 2022 |title=Stagecoach festival announces lineup for 2023 |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/music/story/2022-09-12/stagecoach-lineup-2023-festival-luke-bryan-chris-stapleton-kane-brown |website=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref> |- | scope="row" |17 |2024 |26–28 April |Eric Church • Miranda Lambert • Morgan Wallen |[[Jelly Roll (mawaki)|Jelly Roll]], Post Malone, Hardy, Elle King, [[Willie Nelson]] & Family, Bailey Zimmerman, Dwight Yoakam, Leon Bridges, The Beach Boys, Carín León, Ernest, Megan Moroney, Paul Cauthen, Charley Crockett, Clint Black, Nickelback, Diplo, [[Wiz Khalifa]], Hailey Whitters, Nate Smith, Pam Tillis, Josh Abbott Band, Luke Grimes, Maddie &amp;amp; Tae, Charles Wesley Godwin, The War and Treaty, Josh Ross, Allison Russell, Tenille Townes, Trampled by Turtles, Asleep at the Wheel, Brittney Spencer, Lola Kirke, Casey Barnes, Dylan Schneider, Katie Pruitt, Miko Marks |<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 September 2023 |title=Stagecoach 2024 Lineup to Feature Morgan Wallen, Eric Church, Miranda Lambert, Post Malone, Willie Nelson, Jelly Roll |url=https://variety.com/2023/music/news/stagecoach-2024-lineup-morgan-wallen-eric-church-post-malone-1235716273/ |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]}}</ref> |- | scope="row" |18 |2025 |25–27 April |Zach Bryan • [[Jelly Roll (mawaki)|Jelly Roll]] • [[Luka Combs|Luke Combs]] |Brothers Osborne, [[Lana Del Rey]], Sturgill Simpson, Mumford &amp;amp; Sons, Nelly, Midland, Sammy Hagar, Carly Pearce, Whiskey Myers, Sierra Ferrell, Ashley McBryde, [[Shaboozey]], Koe Wetzel, Flatland Cavalry, Scotty McCreery, Goo Goo Dolls, Dylan Scott, Tucker Wetmore, Nikki Lane, Dylan Gossett, Niko Moon, Tommy James and the Shondells, Dasha, Tracy Lawrence, Conner Smith, Chayce Beckham, Crystal Gayle, Bryan Martin, Drake Milligan, Tigirlily Gold, George Birge, Annie Bosko, Tiera Kennedy, The Bacon Brothers, Brent Cobb, Drew Parker, John Morgan, Carter Faith, 49 Winchester, Avery Anna, Abi Carter, The Castellows, Blessing Offor, Myles Kennedy, Colby Acuff, Abby Anderson, Anne Wilson, Alana Springsteen, T-Pain, Creed, Backstreet Boys |<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 September 2024 |title=Lana Del Rey, Sturgill Simpson, and Zach Bryan Set for Stagecoach Festival 2025 |url=https://pitchfork.com/news/lana-del-rey-sturgill-simpson-zach-bryan-set-for-stagecoach-festival-2025/ |website=[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]]}}</ref> |- | scope="row" |19 |2026 |24–26 April |Cody Johnson • Lainey Wilson • Post Malone |Brooks &amp;amp; Dunn, Bailey Zimmerman, Riley Green, Red Clay Strays, Journey, Hootie &amp;amp; the Blowfish, Ella Langley, Little Big Town, Warren Zeiders, Counting Crows, Bush, Third Eye Blind, Sam Barber, Gavin Adcock, Teddy Swims, Wyatt Flores, Nate Smith, Chase Rice, Wynonna Judd, Treaty Oak Revival, Charles Wesley Godwin, Corey Kent, BigXthaPlug, Brett Young, Ty Myers, The Wallflowers, Max McNown, Lyle Lovett, Noah Cyrus, The Marcus King Band, Josh Ross, Billy Bob Thornton &amp;amp; The Boxmasters, Michael Marcagi, Chase Matthew, Hudson Westbrook, Kameron Marlowe, Ryan Hurd, Amos Lee, Ink, Avery Anna, Larkin Poe, Adrien Nunez, [[Julia Cole]], [[Noah Rinker]], [[Tayler Holder]], [[Hannah McFarland]], Neon Union, Benjamin Tod, Tyler Braden, Willow Avalon, Redferrin, [[Elizabeth Nichols (musician)|Elizabeth Nichols]], Lane Pittman, [[Braxton Keith]], [[Kevin Smiley]], S.G. Goodman, Something Out West, Cameron Whitcomb, Eli Young Band, Bayker Blankenship, Jake Worthington, Gabriella Rose, [[Brandon Wisham]], [[Zach John King]], Adam Sanders, Diplo, Pitbull, Ludacris |<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 September 2025 |title=Stagecoach Festival 2026 Lineup Announced: Post Malone, Lainey Wilson, and More |url=https://pitchfork.com/news/stagecoach-festival-2026-lineup-announced-post-malone-lainey-wilson/ |website=[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Gawley |first=Paige |date=2025-12-22 |title=EXCLUSIVE: 'The Road' Winner Reacts to Their Victory, Talks Taking Home the Show's Massive Prize |url=https://americansongwriter.com/exclusive-the-road-winner-reacts-to-their-victory-talks-taking-home-the-shows-massive-prize/ |access-date=2026-01-09 |website=American Songwriter |language=en-US}}</ref> |} == Dubi kuma == * Ƙasar Thunder == Manazarta == ej0cj0yrubzwkm7760roe3y7ea3y76w 0 140257 829925 793502 2026-05-05T06:42:40Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829925 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Sibrina Collins''' [[Inorganic Chemistry|ƙwararriyar masaniyar sinadarai ce]] ta Amurka, mai ilimi, kuma mai bincike. <ref> name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Collins |first=Sibrina |date=2015-02-06 |title=Sibrina Collins, Author at |url=https://www.blackpast.org/author/collinssibrina/ |access-date=2024-11-19 |website=Black Past |language=en-US}}</ref> Ta riƙe mukamai da yawa na aiki, ciki har da zama edita, mai ilimi, da kuma darakta a wani gidan tarihi. <ref name=":3" /> Tana yawan fafutukar haɗa kai da bambancin ra'ayi a fannonin STEM, musamman ga mata da mutanen da ba su da launin fata. <ref> name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Satyanarayana |first=Megha |last2=Watson |first2=Marsha-Ann |last3=St. Fleur |first3=Nicholas |date=2019-02-27 |title=Black chemists you should know about |url=https://cen.acs.org/people/profiles/Six-black-chemists-should-know/97/web/2019/02 |access-date=2024-11-19 |website=Black chemists you should know about |publisher=Chemical and Engineering News |language=en}}</ref> An san ta da amfani da nassoshi kan al'adun pop don jan hankalin ɗalibai a STEM. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Wang |first=Linda |date=2018-06-24 |title=Adventures with the periodic table |url=https://cen.acs.org/materials/energy-storage/Adventures-periodic-table/96/i26 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200729132244/https://cen.acs.org/materials/energy-storage/Adventures-periodic-table/96/i26 |archive-date=2020-07-29 |access-date=2024-11-19 |website=Chemical and Engineering News}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Sibrina Collins a [[Detroit|Detroit, Michigan]] . Ta yi karatun kimiyyar sinadarai a Kwalejin Al'umma ta Highland Park yayin da take kammala digirin abokiyar karatunta, kuma ta yi sha'awar batun stoichiometry, wanda ya sa ta ci gaba da zama ƙwararren masanin sinadarai. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Remmel |first=Ariana |date=2020-10-27 |title=Career Ladder: Sibrina Collins |url=https://cen.acs.org/careers/diversity/Career-Ladder-Sibrina-Collins/98/i42 |access-date=2024-11-19 |website=Chemical & Engineering News |language=en}}</ref> Collins ta sami digirin farko a fannin kimiyyar sinadarai daga Jami'ar Jihar Wayne a 1994 da kuma digirin Ph.D. a fannin kimiyyar sinadarai na Inorganic daga Jami'ar Jihar Ohio a 2000. <ref name=":1" /> Bruce Bursten ne ke kula da binciken digirinta kuma ya mai da hankali kan ilimin sinadarai na photochemistry da kuma ilmin sinadarai na organometallic. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Collins |first=Sibrina |date=2015-02-06 |title=Sibrina Collins, Author at |url=https://www.blackpast.org/author/collinssibrina/ |access-date=2024-11-19 |website=Black Past |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFCollins2015">Collins, Sibrina (2015-02-06). [https://www.blackpast.org/author/collinssibrina/ "Sibrina Collins, Author at"]. ''Black Past''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-11-19</span></span>.</cite></ref> Bayan ta sami digirin Ph.D., Collins ta fara aiki a matsayin ƙwararren masanin kimiyyar sinadarai na postdoctoral tare da Isiah Warner a Jami'ar Jihar Louisiana . <ref name=":3" /> A wannan lokacin, Collins ta yi la'akari da hanyoyi daban-daban na aiki a fannin ilmin sinadarai. Duk da cewa a matsayinta na ɗalibi ta farko, ta yi mafarkin koyarwa a [[Kwalejoji da Jami'o'i na Baƙar Fata a Tarihi|HBCU]], tsawon shekaru ta ci gaba da sha'awar ƙara bambancin ra'ayi da haɗa kai a STEM kuma ta fara sadaukar da ƙoƙarinta ga wannan burin. <ref name=":1" /> == Sana'a == Da ta kammala karatun digiri na uku, Collins ta fara aiki a American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) tana aiki a cikin Minorrity Scientists Network (MiSciNet). <ref name=":1"/> A lokacin da take edita, ta fitar da labarai da yawa waɗanda suka fara mai da hankali kan ra'ayoyin tsiraru a cikin kimiyya. <ref name=":1" /> Bayan shekaru biyu, Collins ta fara aikin malanta a Jami'ar Claflin, [[Kwalejoji da Jami'o'i na Baƙar Fata a Tarihi|HBCU]] . Bayan matsayinta a Claflin, Collins ta fara aiki a Jami'ar Washington a matsayin Darakta na Daukar Ma'aikata na Digiri na Biyu, tana tallafawa DEI a STEM daga 2006 zuwa 2008. <ref name=":1" /> Ta koma aji a 2008 a matsayin mamba a sashen ilmin sunadarai a Kwalejin Wooster inda ta ci gaba har zuwa 2014. <ref name=":3"/> A lokacin da take Claflin da Kwalejin Wooster, Collins ta jagoranci ɗaliban jami'a 17 kuma ta yi bincike kan amfani da ƙarfe masu canzawa a maganin cutar kansa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sibrina Collins, Ph.D. |url=https://aaas-iuse.org/team/sibrina-collins-ph-d/ |access-date=2024-11-19 |website=AAAS {{!}} IUSE |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":3" /> == Jagoranci == Collins ta riƙe mukamai da dama na shugabanci, ciki har da darektan gidan tarihi na Charles H. Wright na Tarihin Baƙar fata na Amurka da ke Detroit da kuma darektan Cibiyar STEM Ed a Jami'ar Gabashin Michigan . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Eastern Michigan University appoints Sibrina Collins as director of STEM Ed Institute |url=https://today.emich.edu/story/story/12767 |access-date=2024-11-19 |website=today.emich.edu |language=en}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Harring |first=Alex |date=2021-03-16 |title=Sibrina N. Collins Awarded John G. Petty Community Champion Award For Diversity Efforts |url=https://www.dbusiness.com/people/sibrina-n-collins-awarded-john-g-petty-community-champion-award-for-diversity-efforts/ |access-date=2024-11-19 |website=DBusiness Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref> Ta kuma kasance babbar darakta a Cibiyar STEM ta Marburger (MSC), wadda ke kan harabar harabar Jami'ar Fasaha ta Lawrence da ke Southfield, MI daga 2016 zuwa 2021. <ref name=":1"/> Ta kasance shugaba a Kwalejin Fasaha da Kimiyya ta Lawrence Tech a Shirin Haɗin gwiwar Kwalejin Michigan da Jami'a (MICUP). Wannan shirin yana taimaka wa ɗaliban kwaleji na al'umma da malamai su sami damammaki a LTU. <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Rahman |first=Nurzahan |date=2023 |title="Inspiration can come from anywhere:" Bridging STEM and DEI Through Storytelling |url=https://www.ltu.edu/magazine/2023/coas/sibrina-collins |access-date=2024-11-19 |website=College of Arts + Sciences Magazine |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Ta kuma yi aiki tare da Matan Ford don samar da kuɗaɗen kulab ɗin injiniyan motoci a makarantun sakandare biyu. <ref name=":5" /> == Ba da shawara == Yayin da Collins ke girma, ta ji rashin ƙarfafa mata a fannin kimiyya, har ma da ƙarancin mutanen launin fata. A shekarar 1994, ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin 'yan Afirka Ba'amurke takwas da ke shirin kammala karatun digiri a Jihar Ohio . An gayyaci dukkan ɗalibai takwas zuwa wani taro da shugaban sashen sinadarai don tattaunawa game da haɗa kai da abin da za a iya yi don samun ƙarin mutane masu launin fata a sashen sinadarai. A lokacin ne Collins ta fahimci sha'awarta ta fafutukar neman bambancin ra'ayi da haɗa kai a cikin STEM. <ref name=":5"/> A duk lokacin karatunta, Collins ta lura da rashin mutanen da suka yi kama da ita a cikin littattafan karatunta, amma bayan ta sami digirin digirgir, ta ƙuduri aniyar canza hakan. <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Satyanarayana |first=Megha |last2=Watson |first2=Marsha-Ann |last3=St. Fleur |first3=Nicholas |date=2019-02-27 |title=Black chemists you should know about |url=https://cen.acs.org/people/profiles/Six-black-chemists-should-know/97/web/2019/02 |access-date=2024-11-19 |website=Black chemists you should know about |publisher=Chemical and Engineering News |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFSatyanarayanaWatsonSt._Fleur2019">Satyanarayana, Megha; Watson, Marsha-Ann; St. Fleur, Nicholas (2019-02-27). [https://cen.acs.org/people/profiles/Six-black-chemists-should-know/97/web/2019/02 "Black chemists you should know about"]. ''Black chemists you should know about''. Chemical and Engineering News<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-11-19</span></span>.</cite></ref> Daga baya, sha'awarta ga bambancin ra'ayi ya sa ta zama darektan ɗaukar ma'aikata a fannin kimiyya a Jami'ar Washington . <ref name=":1"/> Bayan shekaru biyu, ta rasa koyarwa kuma ta ci gaba da koyarwa a Kwalejin Wooster . <ref name=":1" /> A lokacin da take can yayin da take koyar da batutuwa daban-daban na sinadarai, za ta yi iya ƙoƙarinta don haɗa labaran masana kimiyyar sinadarai waɗanda suka fi kama da ita kuma waɗanda ba a bar labaransu a cikin littattafan karatu ba. <ref name=":4" /> Ta yi rubutu a dandamali daban-daban, ciki har da labaranta na "Unsung" a Undark, inda ta mayar da hankali kan masana kimiyyar baƙar fata da ba a san su sosai ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sibrina Nichelle Collins, Author at Undark Magazine |url=https://undark.org/author/sibrina-nichelle-collins/ |access-date=2024-11-19 |website=Undark Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref> An kuma ba Collins kyautar John G. Petty Community Champion Award daga LTU. <ref name=":0"/> A shekarar 2018, tare da fitowar fim ɗin Black Panther, Collins ya yi tambayar "Ina vibranium yake faɗuwa a cikin teburin periodic table?", wanda shine na farko daga cikin tambayoyin da Collins ya yi don ƙoƙarin sa ɗalibai su fi sha'awar kimiyya. Ilimin Collins yana amfani da ba da labari don jawo hankalin ɗalibai, musamman ɗaliban tsiraru, zuwa ga STEM. == Littattafai == * {{Cite journal |last=Collins |first=Sibrina N. |date=January 2021 |title=The importance of storytelling in chemical education |journal=Nature Chemistry |volume=13 |issue=1 |pages=1–2 |bibcode=2021NatCh..13....1C |doi=10.1038/s41557-020-00617-7 |pmid=33353969}} *   * {{Cite journal |last=Sun |first=Yujie |last2=Collins |first2=Sibrina N. |last3=Joyce |first3=Lauren E. |last4=Turro |first4=Claudia |date=3 May 2010 |title=Unusual Photophysical Properties of a Ruthenium(II) Complex Related to [Ru(bpy) 2 (dppz)] 2+ |journal=Inorganic Chemistry |volume=49 |issue=9 |pages=4257–4262 |doi=10.1021/ic9025365 |pmid=20353166}} * {{Cite journal |last=Quraishi |first=Iram |last2=Collins |first2=Sibrina |last3=Pestaner |first3=Joseph P. |last4=Harris |first4=Twaina |last5=Bagasra |first5=Omar |date=January 2005 |title=Role of zinc and zinc transporters in the molecular pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus |journal=Medical Hypotheses |volume=65 |issue=5 |pages=887–892 |doi=10.1016/j.mehy.2005.02.047 |pmid=16043303}} * {{Cite journal |last=Collins |first=Sibrina N. |last2=Brett |first2=Constance M. |last3=Bursten |first3=Bruce E. |date=December 2004 |title=Density Functional Theory and Low-Temperature Matrix Investigations of CO-Loss Photochemistry from [(C5R5)Ru(CO)2]2 (R = H, Me) Complexes |journal=Journal of Cluster Science |volume=15 |issue=4 |pages=469–487 |doi=10.1007/s10876-004-5770-8}} * {{Cite journal |last=Mwongela |first=Simon |last2=Akbay |first2=Cevdet |last3=Zhu |first3=Xiaofeng |last4=Collins |first4=Sibrina |last5=Warner |first5=Isiah M. |date=September 2003 |title=Use of poly(sodium oleyl- L -leucylvalinate) surfactant for the separation of chiral compounds in micellar electrokinetic chromatography |journal=Electrophoresis |volume=24 |issue=17 |pages=2940–2947 |doi=10.1002/elps.200305521 |pmid=12973797}} * {{Cite journal |last=Fronczek |first=Frank R. |last2=Collins |first2=Sibrina N. |last3=Chan |first3=Julia Y. |date=15 April 2001 |title=Refinement of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate (melanterite) with low-temperature CCD data |journal=Acta Crystallographica Section E: Structure Reports Online |volume=57 |issue=4 |pages=i26–i27 |bibcode=2001AcCrE..57I..26F |doi=10.1107/S1600536801004202}} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] a3904irm7ijt8fx0p15ohldlkuygmxe 0 140629 829739 795433 2026-05-04T22:13:35Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829739 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Sarah Monique Broom''' (an haife ta a ranar 31 ga Disamba, 1979) <ref> name="news-gazette">{{Cite web |date=September 2019 |title=Two books that remind us of the importance of memories |url=https://www.news-gazette.com/arts-entertainment/nanette-donohue-two-books-that-remind-us-of-the-importance/article_081e793a-ce20-587b-9451-7ae685ea4c40.html |access-date=2019-11-23 |website=[[The News-Gazette (Champaign–Urbana)|The News-Gazette]] |language=en}}</ref> marubuciya ce 'yar Amurka. Littafinta na farko, ''The Yellow House'' (2019), ya sami kyautar littattafai ta ƙasa don labaran da ba na almara ba. <ref> name=":0">{{Cite web |date=November 21, 2019 |title=New Orleans author Sarah Broom wins National Book Award for memoir 'The Yellow House' |url=https://www.nola.com/entertainment_life/books/article_c9f56000-0c60-11ea-8cdf-53473357eaad.html |access-date=November 23, 2019 |website=[[The Times-Picayune/The New Orleans Advocate|NOLA.com]]}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Broom a ranar 31 ga Disamba, 1979 <ref> name="news-gazette">{{Cite web |date=September 2019 |title=Two books that remind us of the importance of memories |url=https://www.news-gazette.com/arts-entertainment/nanette-donohue-two-books-that-remind-us-of-the-importance/article_081e793a-ce20-587b-9451-7ae685ea4c40.html |access-date=2019-11-23 |website=[[The News-Gazette (Champaign–Urbana)|The News-Gazette]] |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.news-gazette.com/arts-entertainment/nanette-donohue-two-books-that-remind-us-of-the-importance/article_081e793a-ce20-587b-9451-7ae685ea4c40.html "Two books that remind us of the importance of memories"]. ''[[The News-Gazette (Champaign–Urbana)|The News-Gazette]]''. September 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-11-23</span></span>.</cite></ref> kuma ta girma a [[New Orleans]], ita ce ƙarama a cikin yara goma sha biyu. Bayan ta halarci Kwalejin Word of Faith, <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=November 21, 2019 |title=New Orleans author Sarah Broom wins National Book Award for memoir 'The Yellow House' |url=https://www.nola.com/entertainment_life/books/article_c9f56000-0c60-11ea-8cdf-53473357eaad.html |access-date=November 23, 2019 |website=[[The Times-Picayune/The New Orleans Advocate|NOLA.com]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.nola.com/entertainment_life/books/article_c9f56000-0c60-11ea-8cdf-53473357eaad.html "New Orleans author Sarah Broom wins National Book Award for memoir 'The Yellow House'"]. ''[[The Times-Picayune/The New Orleans Advocate|NOLA.com]]''. November 21, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 23,</span> 2019</span>.</cite></ref> ta yi karatun ilimin ɗan adam da sadarwa a Jami'ar North Texas . <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 September 2019 |title=Sarah M. Broom on Building Her Book Like a House |url=https://lithub.com/sarah-broom-on-building-her-book-like-a-house/ |access-date=2019-11-23 |website=[[Literary Hub]] |language=en}}</ref> Broom kuma tana da digiri na biyu a fannin aikin jarida daga Jami'ar California, Berkeley kuma ta koyar a Makarantar Fasaha ta Jami'ar Columbia . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sarah M. Broom |url=https://arts.columbia.edu/profiles/sarah-m-broom |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190801171952/https://arts.columbia.edu/profiles/sarah-m-broom |archive-date=2019-08-01 |access-date=2019-08-01 |website=Columbia - School of the Arts |language=en}}</ref> == Sana'a == Bayan ta buga a mujallu daban-daban, ciki har da ''Mujallar New York Times'', ''New Yorker'', da kuma ''O, Mujallar Oprah'', ta sami kyautar Creative Nonfiction ta 2016 daga Gidauniyar Whiting. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sarah M. Broom |url=https://www.whiting.org/content/sarah-m-broom#/ |access-date=2019-08-01 |website=www.whiting.org}}</ref> An kuma nada Broom a matsayin wanda ya yi nasara a gasar New York Foundation for the Arts Fellowship in Creative Nonfiction kuma an ba shi tallafin karatu a Shirin Djerassi Resident Artists Program da MacDowell Colony . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sarah M. Broom |url=https://groveatlantic.com/author/sarah-broom/ |access-date=2019-08-01 |website=Grove Atlantic |language=en}}</ref> === ''Gidan Rawaya'' === Littafin farko na Broom mai suna The Yellow House, Grove Press ta buga shi a ranar 13 ga Agusta, 2019, bayan buga wani ɓangare na farko a cikin New Yorker a 2015. Kafin a buga shi, littafin tarihin farko na Broom, ''The Yellow House'', ya sami kulawa mai kyau daga wasu kafofin watsa labarai. A cikin wani sharhi da aka yi kafin a buga shi, Dwight Garner na ''[[New York Times|The New York Times]]'' ya rubuta, "Wannan babban littafi ne da nake tsammanin za a yi la'akari da shi a cikin muhimman tarihin wannan shekaru goma masu wahala." A ''cikin'' ''Littafin New York Times'', Angela Flournoy ta kira shi "rubutu mai mahimmanci nan take." Da yake magana game da Broom kafin a buga littafin ''The Yellow House'' {{'}} marubuciya kuma wacce ta kafa mujallar ''Believer,'' Heidi Julavits, ta ce, "Na riga na dauke ta a matsayin daya daga cikin marubuta mafi muhimmanci da tasiri a Amurka." Jaridar ''Star Tribune'' ta yi tsokaci cewa littafin Broom ya "ba da labarin bakar fata Amurka a lokaci guda." <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 August 2019 |title=Review: 'The Yellow House,' by Sarah Broom |url=http://www.startribune.com/review-the-yellow-house-by-sarah-broom/528533311/ |access-date=2019-08-13 |website=Star Tribune }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Sauran wallafe-wallafen da suka bayyana muhimmancin littafin sun hada da ''Publishers Weekly'' <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nonfiction Book Review: The Yellow House by Sarah M. Broom |url=https://www.publishersweekly.com/978-0-8021-2508-8 |access-date=2019-08-01 |website=www.publishersweekly.com}}</ref> da ''Kirkus Reviews .'' Da yake ambaton littafin da kansa, ''Kirkus Reviews'' ya bayyana cewa ''The Yellow House'' ya nuna ƙoƙarin marubucin "na yin la'akari da 'kuɗin da ake kashewa wajen bayyana kansa ta wurin da ka fito," ya ƙara da cewa "Salon waƙoƙin Broom yana murnar dangantakar danginta, amma fushin adalci ya mamaye labarin rashin adalcin New Orleans, tun daga tushe har zuwa sama." <ref name="auto" /> Kafin buga ''The Yellow House'' {{'}} an jera shi a matsayin littafi mai mahimmanci ta ''[[New York Times|The New York Times]]'', ''Entertainment Weekly'', <ref>{{Cite web |title=Happy August! Here are this month's 20-must reads |url=https://ew.com/books/books-to-read-august-2019/ |access-date=2019-08-01 |website=EW.com |language=en}}</ref> ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'', da ''Washington Post'', kuma ''Ms.'', <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 2019 |title=August 2019 Reads for the Rest of Us – Ms. Magazine |url=https://msmagazine.com/2019/08/01/august-2019-reads-for-the-rest-of-us/ |access-date=2019-08-01 |website=msmagazine.com}}</ref> da marubuciya Lisa Taddeo, <ref>{{Cite web |title='Three Women' author Lisa Taddeo answers EW's burning questions |url=https://ew.com/author-interviews/2019/07/22/lisa-taddeo-whats-in-a-page-three-women/ |access-date=2019-08-01 |website=EW.com |language=en}}</ref> da sauransu sun ba da shawarar hakan. == Rayuwa ta sirri == Broom tana zaune a Harlem, [[New York (birni)|New York]] tare da matarsa Dee Rees . == Accolades == * Kyautar Littattafai ta Ƙasa ta ''The Yellow House'' - 2019 don Labarai marasa tushe <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-07 |title=The 2019 National Book Awards Finalists Announced |url=https://www.nationalbook.org/the-2019-national-book-awards-finalists-announced/ |access-date=2019-10-09 |website=National Book Foundation |language=en-US}}</ref> == Littattafan tarihi == * ''Gidan Rawaya'' (2019) == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1979]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] jlndnxk9633ytt9m1tit04chedewak2 0 140841 829780 796158 2026-05-05T02:16:52Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829780 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Shan-e-Ramazan''''' (Urdu) wani shirin watsa shirye-shiryen talabijin ne na musamman na ARY Digital . Fitarwar ta haɗa da karatun [[Alqur'ani mai girma|Alkur'ani]], Naat Sharif da tattaunawa game da batutuwa daban-daban da kuma nuna koyarwar Islama kuma ta haɗa da wasu gasa masu dacewa kamar jarrabawa da gasa. A halin yanzu mai ba da labarai [['Yan Pakistan]] da kuma mai karɓar bakuncin Waseem Badami ne ke shirya shi a kan ARY Digital . Masu karɓar bakuncin da suka gabata sun haɗa da Junaid Jamshed . == Tarihi == === ARY na dijital === Shan-e-Ramazan ya fara ne a ranar 8 ga Yuli 2013 a kan ARY Digital . Waseem Badami ne ya shirya shi tare da Junaid Jamshed a matsayin mai karɓar bakuncin. Ya fara ne tare da ɓangaren Shan-e-Sehr kuma ya ƙare a ranar 7 ga watan Agusta 2013. Kalaam dinsa na farko ya nuna Faysal Qureshi tare da Badami a cikin bayyanar ta musamman. A cikin 2014, Shan-e-Ramazan ya dawo kuma ya fito daga 28 ga Yuni 2014 zuwa 27 ga Yuli 2014 tare da Badami da Junaid Jamshed a matsayin masu karɓar bakuncin. 2014 Shan-e-Ramazan kalaam siffofi Tasleem Ahmed Sabri kuma Amjad Sabri ya rera shi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Samiuddin |first=Shahrezad |date=2014-11-01 |title=Talking the talk |url=http://aurora.dawn.com/news/1140678 |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2020-03-13 |website=Aurora Dawn |language=en}}</ref> An gabatar da fitowar Shan-e-Ramazan ta 2015 daga 17 ga Yuni 2015 zuwa 17 ga Yuli 2015. Junaid Jamshed ne ya shirya shi a matsayin baƙo. Sautin hukuma na kakar wasa ta 3 ya ƙunshi Sanam Baloch, Hina Dilpazeer, Tasleem Ahmed Sabri, Iqrar ul Hassan kuma Amjad Sabri ya rera shi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 August 2015 |title=From Junaid Jamshed to many others- Appearances can be Deceptive! |url=https://www.samaa.tv/opinion/2015/08/from-junaid-jamshed-to-many-others-appearances-can-be-deceptive/ |access-date=2020-04-25 |website=Samaa TV |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Samiuddin |first=Shahrezad |date=2015-07-13 |title=The Ramzan rut – Season 2015 |url=http://aurora.dawn.com/news/1141079 |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2020-03-13 |website=Aurora Dawn |language=en}}</ref> An watsa kakar wasa ta huɗu daga 6 ga Yuni 2016 zuwa 5 ga Yuli 2016. Waseem Badami ne ya shirya shi yayin da Junaid Jamshed ya dawo a matsayin baƙo. Kayan sauti na hukuma ya ƙunshi Anwar Maqsood, Ayaz Samoo da Nida Yasir . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-12-07 |title=Famous Naats by Junaid Jamshed |url=https://arynews.tv/en/famous-naats-by-junaid-jamshed/ |access-date=2020-04-25 |website=ARY News |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ramzan shows – the new high! - Pakistan Today |url=https://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2016/06/18/ramzan-shows-the-new-high/ |access-date=2020-03-13 |website=www.pakistantoday.com.pk}}</ref> An watsa kakar wasa ta biyar daga 27 ga Mayu 2017 zuwa 26 ga Yuni 2017. Iqrar ul Hassan, Waseem Badami da Shahid Afridi ne suka shirya shi. Sautin sautin hukuma ya ƙunshi Badami, Afridi tare da Humayun Saeed, Faysal Qureshi da Nida Yasir . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Rehman |first=Maliha |date=2017-06-14 |title=The real highlight of Ramazan TV might just be Fahad Mustafa's sense of style |url=https://images.dawn.com/news/1177797 |access-date=2020-04-25 |website=Images |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Haider |first=Sadaf |date=2017-06-08 |title=What's wrong with Ramazan transmissions? |url=https://images.dawn.com/news/1177745 |access-date=2020-04-25 |website=Images |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Samiuddin |first=Shahrezad |date=2017-06-23 |title=Stooping to new lows |url=http://aurora.dawn.com/news/1142075 |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2020-04-25 |website=Dawn |language=en}}</ref> A cikin 2018, an gabatar da Iqrar ul Hassan ga Shan-e-Ramazan . Ya kasance yana bayyana a cikin sassan da suka shafi Shan-e-Ramazan Iftari. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-07-01 |title=This Ramzan, ARY Digital broke all records of satellite TV viewership in Pakistan |url=https://arynews.tv/en/ary-digital-breaks-previous-records-satellite-tv-viewership-pakistan/ |access-date=2020-03-13 |website=ARY News |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Haq |first=Irfan Ul |date=2019-05-09 |title=Waseem Badami promises a very 'decent' Ramazan transmission |url=https://images.dawn.com/news/1182671 |access-date=2020-04-25 |website=Images |language=en}}</ref> An watsa kakar wasa ta takwas a kan ARY Digital daga 26 ga Afrilu 2020 zuwa 26 ga Mayu 2020. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Pakistan's Ramazan transmission sees kings and queens with no kingdom |url=https://www.samaa.tv/news/2020/04/pakistans-ramazan-transmission-sees-kings-and-queens-with-no-kingdom/ |access-date=2020-04-24 |website=Samaa TV |language=en-US}}</ref> An watsa kakar wasa ta tara daga 14 ga Afrilu 2021 zuwa 12 ga Mayu 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-05-04 |title='Shan-e-Ramazan' is ruling hearts! |url=https://nation.com.pk/04-May-2021/shan-e-ramazan-is-ruling-hearts |access-date=2021-05-11 |website=The Nation |language=en}}</ref> Lokacinsa na goma ya fara watsawa daga 3 ga Afrilu 2022. Lokacinsa na goma sha ɗaya ya fara ne a watan Maris na 2023. Lokacinsa na goma sha biyu ya fara ne a ranar 11 ga watan Maris. Rashin Rarraba. An samo shi a ranar 7 ga Afrilu 2022. {{Cite web |title=Shan e Ramazan 2022 |url=https://www.arydigital.tv/videos/category/shan-e-ramazan-2022/ |access-date=7 April 2022 |website=[[ARY Digital]] |archive-date=2 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220402170514/https://www.arydigital.tv/videos/category/shan-e-ramazan-2022/ |url-status=dead }} == Duba kuma == * Jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na Pakistan * Jerin tashoshin talabijin na Pakistan * Jerin shirye-shiryen da ARY Digital ta watsa mn42duhdet025cncx0ogk4gwl6ld85e 0 141328 829897 797605 2026-05-05T05:21:04Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829897 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Mesle Mah''''' ( Persian , transl. Kamar wata ) shiri ne na musamman na buda baki na IRIB TV3, wanda [[Resalat Bouzari]] ke jagoranta, wanda ke watsa shirye-shirye kowace rana tare da kyakkyawan tsari, kirki da bege kuma yana mai da hankali kan batutuwa kamar sadaukar da kai da gafara a cikin watan Ramadan daga karfe 19:00 na safe har zuwa kusan Maghrib [[Kiran Sallah|Adhan]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=مثل ماه |url=https://tv3.ir/program/144396 |website=شبکه سه}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=مثل ماه |url=https://www.telewebion.com/program/66890 |website=تلوبیون |access-date=2026-02-23 |archive-date=2021-01-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115153724/https://www.telewebion.com/program/66890 |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 May 2020 |title=افطار پای تلویزیون؛ از ادعای تهیه‌کننده دعوت تا رهاشدگان از دست ملک‌الموت |url=https://plus.irna.ir/news/83775755/%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D9%BE%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%AA%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%A7%D8%B2-%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B9%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%AA%D9%87%DB%8C%D9%87-%DA%A9%D9%86%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87-%D8%AF%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AA-%D8%AA%D8%A7-%D8%B1%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AF%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A7%D8%B2-%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200811063316/https://plus.irna.ir/news/83775755/%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D9%BE%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%AA%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%A7%D8%B2-%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B9%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%AA%D9%87%DB%8C%D9%87-%DA%A9%D9%86%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87-%D8%AF%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AA-%D8%AA%D8%A7-%D8%B1%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AF%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A7%D8%B2-%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA |archive-date=11 August 2020 |access-date=7 April 2021 |website=ایرنا}}</ref> Wannan shirin ya maye gurbin [[Mah-e Asal (jerin talabijin)|Mah-e Asal]] a watan Ramadan na 2020. <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 May 2020 |title=قدم‌های اول برای "مثل ماه" شدن |url=https://snn.ir/fa/news/845502/قدم‌های-اول-برای-مثل-ماه-شدن |website=دانشجو}}</ref> Wannan shirin ya ba da labarin rayuwar baƙi da aka gayyata zuwa shirin; Baƙi daga ko'ina cikin ƙasar suna halartar taron kuma suna magana game da abubuwan da suka faru a rayuwarsu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 April 2020 |title=جزییات برنامه افطاری شبکه سه/ رسالت بوذری و روایت‌های "مثل ماه" |url=https://www.mehrnews.com/news/4903379/جزییات-برنامه-افطاری-شبکه-سه-رسالت-بوذری-و-روایت-های-مثل-ماه |website=خبرگزاری مهر}}</ref> Baƙi a shirin galibi su ne waɗanda ke da labari da za su bayar. Wani lamari da ya shafi rayuwarsu kuma ya ɗauki launin da ƙamshin Allah kuma ya kusantar da su ga Allah. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 April 2020 |title="مثل ماه" و روایت داستان‌هایی که رنگ و بویی خدایی دارند |url=http://www.qudsonline.ir/news/701368/مثل-ماه-و-روایت-داستان-هایی-که-رنگ-و-بویی-خدایی-دارند |website=قدس}}</ref> Gayyatar mutane daban-daban, yin abubuwan zamantakewa da na ruhaniya, da kuma gabatar da kyawawan halayen [[Ali ar-Ridha|Ali al-Ridha]], tare da yin ɗan gajeren fim na waɗannan kyawawan halaye, wasu ɓangarori ne na wannan shiri na musamman na [[IRIB TV3]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 April 2022 |title=تدارک ویژه "مثل ماه" برای رمضان ۱۴۰۱ |url=https://www.borna.news/%D8%A8%D8%AE%D8%B4-%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%87%D9%86%DA%AF-%D9%87%D9%86%D8%B1-6/1314739-%D8%AA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%A9-%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%98%D9%87-%D9%85%D8%AB%D9%84-%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%87-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%B6%D8%A7%D9%86 |website=برنا نیوز }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Manazarta == 1xril8ljlqbbrlugpddnn3yfatfi9a6 0 141551 829606 817715 2026-05-04T12:31:01Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829606 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Rosemarie Allen''' ƙwararriya ce a fannin bambancin ra'ayi, daidaito, da kuma haɗa kai . Ita farfesa ce a fannin ci gaban ƙananan yara a Jami'ar Jihar Metropolitan ta Denver kuma shugabar kuma babbar jami'ar gudanarwa ta Cibiyar Daidaito da Kyau ta Jinsi. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == Allen ta girma ne a Kudancin Tsakiyar Los Angeles, [[California]] . <ref> name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Burton |first=Nylah |date=March 11, 2019 |title=She, The People: Dr. Rosemarie Allen Is An Education Expert Who Wants To End Classroom Bias |url=https://www.essence.com/in-her-we-trust/she-the-people-dr-rosemarie-allen-is-an-education-expert-who-wants-to-end-classroom-bias/ |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2020-10-19 |website=Essence |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Schimke |first=Ann |date=2016-03-22 |title=Suspended countless times as a child, this professor is tackling racial disparities in preschool discipline |url=https://co.chalkbeat.org/2016/3/22/21092529/suspended-countless-times-as-a-child-this-professor-is-tackling-racial-disparities-in-preschool-disc |access-date=2021-01-28 |website=[[Chalkbeat Colorado]] |language=en}}</ref> Ta kammala karatun digiri na farko a Jami'ar Jihar California, Long Beach . Allen ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin Ilimi daga Jami'ar Lesley da kuma digiri na uku a fannin Ilimi a fannin daidaito da jagoranci a fannin Ilimi a Jami'ar Colorado Denver . <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Dr. Rosemarie Allen, Ed.D. |url=https://www.unk.edu/ec-conference/dr-rosemarie-allen.php |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200923025626/https://www.unk.edu/ec-conference/dr-rosemarie-allen.php |archive-date=2020-09-23 |access-date=2021-01-30 |website=[[University of Nebraska at Kearney]] |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Sana'a == Ayyukan Allen sun ƙware a fannin ci gaban ƙananan yara, bambancin ra'ayi, daidaito, da haɗa kai . <ref> name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Burton |first=Nylah |date=March 11, 2019 |title=She, The People: Dr. Rosemarie Allen Is An Education Expert Who Wants To End Classroom Bias |url=https://www.essence.com/in-her-we-trust/she-the-people-dr-rosemarie-allen-is-an-education-expert-who-wants-to-end-classroom-bias/ |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2020-10-19 |website=Essence |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFBurton2019">Burton, Nylah (March 11, 2019). [https://www.essence.com/in-her-we-trust/she-the-people-dr-rosemarie-allen-is-an-education-expert-who-wants-to-end-classroom-bias/ "She, The People: Dr. Rosemarie Allen Is An Education Expert Who Wants To End Classroom Bias"]. ''Essence''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 19,</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Ta rubuta littattafai uku na yara kan bambancin ra'ayi. Allen ta yi aiki a matsayin darakta tare da Ma'aikatar Ayyukan Dan Adam ta Colorado a matsayin darektan sashen koyon farko da kuma gyaran matasa. <ref> name=":1">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Rosemarie Allen |url=https://red.msudenver.edu/all-experts/allen-rosemarie-.html |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2021-01-30 |website=[[Metropolitan State University of Denver]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shelley |first=Tim |date=October 3, 2019 |title=Aware Is Halfway There: Identifying and Combating Implicit Biases in Early Childhood Education |url=https://www.wglt.org/post/aware-halfway-there-identifying-and-combatting-implicit-biases-early-childhood-education |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2020-10-19 |website=[[WGLT]] |language=en}}</ref> Allen ta shiga jami'a a Jami'ar Jihar Metropolitan ta Denver a shekara ta 2004 kuma farfesa ce a fannin ilimin ƙananan yara. <ref> name=":1" </ref> Ita ce shugaba kuma shugabar gudanarwa ta Cibiyar Daidaito da Kyau ta Ƙasa, <ref> name=":0" </ref> wata ƙungiya mai zaman kanta wadda ke ba da lasisi ga masu kula da yara a gundumomi uku a [[Colorado]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Licensing Overview |url=https://ireeinc.com/community-based-licensing/ |access-date=January 30, 2021 |publisher=Institute for Racial Equity and Excellence }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Zaɓaɓɓun ayyuka == *   *   == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1950]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] m74cosdx343z95mj29jzyf5fvy55tgm 0 141654 829810 799047 2026-05-05T04:11:56Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829810 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Shelley P. Haley''' ita ce Shugabar Jami'ar Nazarin Gargajiya ta Edward North kuma Farfesa a fannin [[Nazarin baƙar fata|nazarin 'yan Afirka]] a Kwalejin Hamilton, New York, kuma (a cikin 2021) Shugabar Ƙungiyar Nazarin Gargajiya. Haley ta yi amfani da dabarun mata masu ra'ayin mazan jiya da kuma na kabilanci wajen nazari da koyar da littattafan gargajiya. == Ilimi == Haley ta kammala karatun digiri na farko a Jami'ar Syracuse a shekarar 1972.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Catenaccio |first=Claire |date=2020-01-09 |title=Blog: Women in Classics: A Conversation with SCS President-Elect Shelley Haley: Part I |url=https://classicalstudies.org/scs-blog/claire-catenaccio/blog-women-classics-conversation-scs-president-elect-shelley-haley-part-i |access-date=2020-02-27 |website=Society for Classical Studies}}</ref> An ba ta kyautar tallafin karatu na Danforth don karatun digiri na biyu<ref> name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Catenaccio |first=Claire |date=2020-01-13 |title=Blog: Women in Classics: A Conversation with Shelley Haley: Part II |url=https://classicalstudies.org/scs-blog/claire-catenaccio/blog-women-classics-conversation-shelley-haley-part-ii |access-date=2020-02-27 |website=Society for Classical Studies}}</ref> kuma ta kammala karatun digiri na biyu (1975) da digiri na uku (1977) a Jami'ar Michigan . Takardar digirin digirgir dinta ta PhD an sanya mata taken ''Matsayin Amicitia a Rayuwar Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus'' .<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ph.D. Alumni and Dissertations {{!}} U-M LSA Department of Classical Studies |url=https://lsa.umich.edu/classics/resources/ph-d-alumni-and-dissertations3.html |access-date=2018-11-22 |website=lsa.umich.edu |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name="faculty">{{Cite web |title=Shelley Haley – Faculty Directory – Hamilton College |url=https://www.hamilton.edu/academics/our-faculty/directory/faculty-detail/shelley-haley |access-date=2018-11-22 |website=Hamilton College |language=en}}</ref> == Aiki == Bayan kammala karatunta, ta koyar a Kwalejin Luther (Decorah, Iowa) daga 1977 zuwa 1978, sannan ta yi [[Jami'ar Howard|karatu a Jami'ar Howard]] (Washington, DC) daga 1979 zuwa 1985.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Catenaccio |first=Claire |date=2020-01-13 |title=Blog: Women in Classics: A Conversation with Shelley Haley: Part II |url=https://classicalstudies.org/scs-blog/claire-catenaccio/blog-women-classics-conversation-shelley-haley-part-ii |access-date=2020-02-27 |website=Society for Classical Studies}}</ref> An nada ta a matsayin malamar Kwalejin Hamilton a 1989.<ref name="faculty"/> Ta kuma yi alƙawari a Jami'ar Washington da ke St. Louis ('Distinguished Visiting Scholar', 2002);<ref>{{Cite web |title=Past Distinguished Visiting Scholars |url=https://diversity.wustl.edu/initiatives/distinguished-visiting-scholars/past-distinguished-visiting-scholars-2/ |access-date=2020-05-20 |website=Diversity & Inclusion |language=en-US }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> da Kwalejin Hobart da William Smith ('Melvin Hill Visiting Scholar-in-Residence', 2013).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shelley Haley at HWS as Melvin Hill Profess – Hobart and William Smith Colleges |url=https://www2.hws.edu/article-id-17622/ |access-date=2018-11-22 |website=www2.hws.edu |language=en}}</ref> Haley ta yi amfani da dabarun mata na baƙar fata da kuma na ƙabilanci a fannin Classics, kuma ta yi aiki a kan batutuwa daban-daban, ciki har da jinsi a duniyar da; Latin, Girkanci, da adabi na kwatantawa; launin fata a fannin ilimin gargajiya; da kuma rawar da matan Baƙar fata 'yan Amurka (musamman Fanny Jackson Coppin ) suka taka a cikin Classics. Ta bayyana wahalhalun da ta sha a farkon aikinta da kuma tsarin da ta fara sha'awar launin fata a duniyar gargajiya ta hanyar koyar da ɗalibai game da [[Cleopatra]] da kuma bincike kan masu ilimin gargajiya na Baƙar fata-Amurka na ƙarni na 19.<ref name=":0"/> Haley ta shiga gasar zagaye ta Oxford a shekarar 2003;<ref name="teaching">{{Cite web |title=Faculty Members Receive Teaching Awards at Class & Charter Day |url=https://www.hamilton.edu/news/story/teaching-awards-presented-to-three-faculty-members-at-class-charter-day |access-date=2018-11-22 |website=Hamilton College |language=en}}</ref> ta yi wa'adi na shekaru huɗu a matsayin babbar mai karatu a jarrabawar AP Latin, kuma ta jagoranci Kwamitin Ci Gaban Jarrabawar AP Latin.<ref name="teaching" /> Haley ta kuma bayyana a matsayin ƙwararriya a kan Tarihin Romawa da [[Cleopatra]] a kafofin watsa labarai, ciki har da littafin TLC na ''Rome: Iko da Girma'' (1999),<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-05-20 |title=Greatness of Rome was staggering; TV: The Learning Channel presents a miniseries on the Roman Empire at its height; Radio and Television – Baltimore Sun |url=https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-1999-03-03-9903030248-story.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200520140205/https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-1999-03-03-9903030248-story.html |archive-date=2020-05-20 |access-date=2020-05-20}}</ref> Timewatch 's ''In Search of Cleopatra'', da kuma shirin Netflix na ''African Queens'' na kakar wasa ta 2 akan Cleopatra. An soki ikirarin Haley a cikin shirin gaskiya cewa kakarta ta gaya mata cewa Cleopatra baƙar fata ce, kodayake ta kuma ce "Ba mu san ainihin gadonta na launin fata ba." <ref>{{Cite web |last=Crow |first=David |date=May 11, 2023 |title=What Netflix's Queen Cleopatra Gets Right and Wrong About the Real History |url=https://www.denofgeek.com/tv/netflix-queen-cleopatra-documentary-right-wrong-real-history/ |access-date=January 29, 2024 |website=Den of Geek}}</ref> Duk da ikirarinta, an yi nazari sosai kan ƙabilar Cleopatra ta hanyar tarihi kuma an yarda cewa ta fito ne daga zuriyar Girkawa ta Macedonian ; muhawarar da ta shafi ƙabilarta ba ta faru a da'irori ko tushe ba, maimakon haka an ambaci ta a cikin mujallu na nishaɗi da salon rayuwa kamar Ebony ; da kuma wani labarin game da [[Afrocentrism]] daga ''St. Louis Post-Dispatch'' a 1994 ya ambaci tambayar, duk da rashin shaidar da ke tattare da da'awar.<ref name="nl.newsbank.com">Mona Charen, {{Cite web |date=February 14, 1994 |title=Afrocentric View Distorts History and Achievement by Blacks |url=http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=SL&p_theme=sl&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EB04E771E692744&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120930194210/http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=SL&p_theme=sl&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EB04E771E692744&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM |archive-date=September 30, 2012 |access-date=May 29, 2012 |website=St. Louis Post-Dispatch}}</ref> Haley ta kasance da ita aka kirkiri kungiyar ''The Kirkland Project for the Study of Gender, Culture, and Society'';<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kirkland Project |url=http://academics.hamilton.edu/organizations/kirkland/default.html |access-date=2018-11-22 |website=academics.hamilton.edu}}</ref> Cibiyar Nazarain Afurka ta Duniya (IGAS);<ref name="faculty"/> da kuma ''Multiculturalism, Race, and Ethnicity in Classics Consortium (MRECC''). A cikin watan Satumban 2019, an zabi Haley a matsayin Shugabar Kungiyar Nazarin Ilimin Al'adun baya don shekara ta 2021, wana hakan ya sa ta zamo Shugabar kungiyar bakar fatan Amurka ta farko.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-19 |title=2019 Election Results |url=https://classicalstudies.org/scs-news/2019-election-results |access-date=2019-09-23 |website=Society for Classical Studies}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-01-17 |title=Board and Committees 2020 |url=https://classicalstudies.org/about/board-and-committees-2020 |access-date=2020-05-20 |website=Society for Classical Studies}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-01-21 |title=Time for Anti-Racism: A Way Forward for America and Higher Education |url=https://www.diverseeducation.com/opinion/article/15108522/time-for-anti-racism-a-way-forward-for-america-and-higher-education |access-date=2021-10-21 |website=Diverse: Issues In Higher Education |language=en-us}}</ref> == Bambance-bambance da kyaututtuka == An ba Haley kyaututtuka da dama saboda kwazonta a fannin koyarwa da bincike. Daga cikin su akwai: * Kyautar da aka bayar a fannin Koyar da Ilimin Gargajiya a matakin Kwaleji, Ƙungiyar Nazarin Gargajiya, 2017 * Kyautar Tsawon Samuel da Helen don Kwarewa a Koyarwa, Kwalejin Hamilton, 2015<ref name="teaching"/> * Kyautar Kyau, American Classical League, 2007<ref>{{Cite web |title=Meritus / Merita Awards |url=https://www.aclclassics.org/Awards-Scholarships/Meritus-Merita-Awards |access-date=2018-11-22 |website=www.aclclassics.org |language=en-US}}</ref> * Takardar Shaidar Amincewa, Hukumar Kwaleji, 2007<ref name="faculty"/> * Kyautar Mace Mafi Kyau ta Shekara a Fagen Ilimi, YWCA ta Mohawk Valley, 1999<ref name="faculty" /> * Kyautar Ayyukan da suka fi fice a Pentagon, Kwalejin Hamilton, 1997<ref name="faculty" /> A shekarar 2020, an kafa mujallar ''Haley Classical Journal'' don girmama ta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 February 2020 |title=The Haley Classical Journal, Volume I Issue I |url=https://issuu.com/haleyclassicaljournal/docs/the_haley__issue_i__revised_ |access-date=2021-09-14 |website=Issuu |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Love Classics? Do Great Work? Try 'The Haley Journal' |url=https://www.hamilton.edu/news/story/classical-studies-shelley-haley |access-date=2021-09-14 |website=Hamilton College |language=en}}</ref> == Littattafai da laccoci da aka zaɓa == Haley ta wallafa kuma ta gabatar da abubuwa da yawa game da Cleopatra, Baƙar fata Feminist Pedagogy, da kuma tasirin ilimin gargajiya ga matan Baƙar fata. Misalan ayyukanta na baya-bayan nan sun haɗa da: * "Lokacin da Na Shiga: Rushe Farin Labari Mai Bambancin Bangaren Laburare". Tare da Caitlin Pollock. ''Tura Margins: Mata Masu Launi da Ma'amala a LIS'', editoci. Rose L. Chou & Anna Pho. Sacramento: Litwin Books and Library Juice Press, 2018.<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 September 2018 |title=Pushing the Margins |url=https://litwinbooks.com/books/pushing-the-margins/ |access-date=2019-09-20 |website=Litwin Books & Library Juice Press |language=en-US}}</ref> * "Sake Gabatar da Gaskiya: Matan Lardi A Matsayin Kayan Aikin Haihuwar Jama'a na Romawa". Kwamitin Caucus na Mata na Gargajiya, "Mata na Lardi a cikin Tunanin Romawa". Ƙungiyar Falsafa ta Amurka, Taron Shekara-shekara, Chicago, IL., Janairu 2-5, 2014. * "Wariyar Launin Kimiyya". An yi rubutu tare da Dr. Michele Paludi. ''Encyclopedia of Critical Psychology'', York, Ingila: Springer Reference, Disamba 2012. * "Kada Ku Ji Tsoron Duhu: Ka'idar Kabila Mai Muhimmanci da Nazarin Gargajiya". ''Son Rai da Farkon Kirista: Binciken Kabila, Jinsi da Kabila a Nazarin Kirista na Farko'', editoci. Laura Nasrallah da Elisabeth Schüssler Fiorenza, 4 Minneapolis, Minn.: Fortress Press, 2009: 27–50.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Setzer |first=Claudia |date=September 2011 |title=Prejudice and Christian Beginnings: Investigating Race, Gender, and Ethnicity in Early Christian Studies. Edited by Laura Nasrallah and Elisabeth Schüssler Fiorenza. Minneapolis: Fortress, 2009. xiv + 319 pp. $26.00 cloth. |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/church-history/article/prejudice-and-christian-beginnings-investigating-race-gender-and-ethnicity-in-early-christian-studies-edited-by-laura-nasrallah-and-elisabeth-schussler-fiorenza-minneapolis-fortress-2009-xiv-319-pp-2600-cloth/CF039E6553787E675991F138EC6CAAFC |journal=Church History |language=en |volume=80 |issue=3 |pages=630–632 |doi=10.1017/S0009640711000710 |issn=1755-2613 |s2cid=162690372 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> * "Lucian's 'Leaena and Clonarium': Voyeurism ko Kalubale ga Zato?". ''Tsakanin Mata: Daga Luwadi zuwa Luwadi a Duniyar Tsohuwar Duniya'', editoci. Nancy S. Rabinowitz da Lisa Auanger, Austin, Texas: Jami'ar Texas Press, 2002: 286–303.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Goff |first=Barbara |date=September 2002 |title=Review of: Among Women: from the homosocial to the homoerotic in the ancient world |url=http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2002/2002-09-14.html |journal=Bryn Mawr Classical Review |issn=1055-7660}}</ref> * " ''Tunawa da Rayuwar Makaranta'' ta Fanny Jackson Coppin da Nasihu kan Koyarwa". ''Jerin Marubutan Mata 'Yan Afirka ta Amurka, 1910–1940'', Juzu'i na 8, edita. Henry Louis Gates, Jr., New York: GK Hall/Macmillan 1995. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2023)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> * "Bayani Kan Kai, Al'umma da Juriya: ''Medea'' da Toni Morrison's ''Beloved'' ". ''Thamyris: Tatsuniyoyi daga baya zuwa yanzu'', Vol. 2, No. 2 (1995): 177–206.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Haley |first=Shelley P. |date=1995 |title=Self-definition, community and resistance : Euripides' Medea and Toni Morrison's Beloved. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kjup9bBv168C&pg=PA177 |journal=Thamyris |volume=2 |issue=2 |pages=177–206}}</ref> * "Tunanin Baƙar fata da Na Gargajiya na Mata: Sake Tunawa, Sake Da'awar, Sake Ƙarfafawa". ''Ka'idar Mata da Na Gargajiya'', editoci. na Nancy Sorkin Rabinowitz & Amy Richlin, New York & Oxford: Routledge, 1993.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Brill |first=Susan B. |date=1994 |title=''Feminist Theory and the Classics'' (review) |url=https://doi.org/10.1353/phl.1994.0022 |journal=Philosophy and Literature |volume=18 |issue=2 |pages=400–401 |doi=10.1353/phl.1994.0022 |issn=1086-329X |s2cid=144233958 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> * "Livy, sha'awa, da stereotypes na al'adu". ''Tarihi: Zeitschrift fur Alte Geschichte'' (1990): 375-381.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Haley |first=S. P. |date=1990 |title=Livy, Passion, and Cultural Stereotypes |url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/4436158 |journal=Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte |volume=39 |issue=3 |pages=375–381 |issn=0018-2311 |jstor=4436158}}</ref> * "Matan Pompey Mai Girma Biyar". ''Girka da Roma'' 32, lamba 1 (1985): 49–59.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Haley |first=Shelley P. |date=1985 |title=The Five Wives of Pompey the Great |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0017383500030138/type/journal_article |journal=Greece and Rome |language=en |volume=32 |issue=1 |pages=49–59 |doi=10.1017/S0017383500030138 |issn=0017-3835 |s2cid=154822339 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> * "Archias, Theophanes, da Cicero: Siyasar ''Pro Archia'' ". ''Bulletin Classical'' 59, 1983: 1–4.<ref name="faculty"/> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] n92ifkkae3fpc7sz6h4hcf25tyrmzht 0 141717 830115 799194 2026-05-05T11:18:49Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 830115 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Stefan Moses (29 ga watan Agustan 1928 - 3 ga watan Fabrairun 2018) <ref name="u226">{{Cite web |last=Stölzl |first=Christoph |date=5 February 2018 |title=Fotograf Stefan Moses: Er zeigte den Deutschen, wie sie waren – und sein konnten |url=https://www.welt.de/kultur/kunst-und-architektur/article173231106/Fotograf-Stefan-Moses-Er-zeigte-den-Deutschen-wie-sie-waren-und-sein-konnten.html |access-date=26 November 2024 |website=[[Die Welt]] |language=de}}</ref> ya kasance mai daukar hoto na Jamus da ke zaune a Munich . == Rayuwa == An haife shi a Lardin Lower Silesia, an tilasta wa Musa barin makaranta a 1943 saboda al'adun Yahudawa kuma ya tsira daga sansanin tilasta aiki.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Central Council of Jews in Germany K.d.ö.R. |date=27 August 2008 |title=Stefan Moses: Traditionalist of the Camera {{!}} Jüdische Allgemeine |url=http://www.juedische-allgemeine.de/article/view/id/2220 |access-date=2018-02-13 |language=en}}</ref> Bayan horo a matsayin mai daukar hoto a Wrocław jim kadan bayan karshen yakin duniya na biyu, ya yi aiki a matsayin mai ɗaukar hoto a gidan wasan kwaikwayo a Deutsches Nationaltheater und Staatskapelle Weimar . Daga 1950, ya zauna a Munich, inda ya fara zama sananne saboda rahotonsa ga Stern. Hotunansa na mutane da sana'o'i a Jamus ta Yamma (Jamus) kuma daga baya a Gabashin Jamus (Farewell da Beginnings) sun sa ya sami damar samun dama ga manyan masu sauraro. Musa ya fitar da mutane daga wurin aikinsu kuma ya dauki su hoto a gaban zane mai launin toka - don haka ya samar da takardu na zamani. Stefan Moses ya kuma kirkiro hotuna na mutane da yawa kamar Thomas Mann, [[Ilse Aichinger]], Erich Kästner, Peggy Guggenheim, Theodor W. Adorno, Otto Dix, Max Frisch ko [[Martin Mayer (sculptor)|Martin Mayer]]. An nuna nune-nunen aikin rayuwarsa a biranen Turai daban-daban tun shekara ta 2003. A cikin 2017, babban mai ɗaukar hoto na Jamus, ya ba da kyauta ga manyan hotuna 158 na 'yan gudun hijirar Jamus ga {{Interlanguage link|Stiftung Exilmuseum Berlin|de}} [de]. An dauki waɗannan tsakanin 1947 da 2003. Stefan Moses ya auri mai zane {{Interlanguage link|Else Bechteler-Moses|de}} [de]. == Kyaututtuka == * 1990: Medal na David Octavius Hill * 1991: Kyautar Darajar Al'adu ta Birnin Munich <ref name="n280">{{Cite web |title=Kultureller Ehrenpreis |url=https://stadt.muenchen.de/infos/kultureller-ehrenpreis.html |access-date=26 November 2024 |website=Rathaus – Landeshauptstadt München |language=de}}</ref> * 1994: memba na Bayerische Akademie der Schönen Künste a Munich . * 2001: Ehrenpreis der * 2004: Order of Merit na Tarayyar Jamus (I. Klasse) * 2014: Kyautar Lovis Koranti[de] == Littattafai == * ''Manufar.'' Wegner, Hamburg 1967 . * ''Transsibirische Eisenbahn.'' [Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9] * ''Deutsche. Hotuna na Sechziger Jahre.'' [Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9] * ''Abschied und Anfang - Ostdeutsche Porträts.'' Hatje Cantz, Ostfildern 1991. * ''Das Tier da nono Mutum.'' [Hasiya] * ''Jeder Mensch ist eine kleine Gesellschaft.'' [Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9] * ''DDR - Ende mit Wende: 200 Hotuna 1989-1990.'' Hatje Cantz, Ostfildern 1999, .{{ISBN|978-3-7757-9005-5}} * ''Stefan Musa.'' [Hasiya] * ''Ilse Aichinger Ein Bilderbuch von Stefan Moses.'' [Hasiya] * ''Ka mutu idan ka mutu Freiheit nahmen.'' Hotunan da Wilfried Bauer, Robert Lebeck, Stefan Moses, Christian G. Irrgang suka dauka. [Hasiya] (Hotunan [[Ilse Aichinger]], Sarah Kirsch da [[Rose Aulander|Rose Ausländer]].) * ''Deutschlands Emigranten.'' 2013. Rubutun: [[Christoph Stölzl]]. Nimbus Verlag, Wädenswil 2013, . <ref name="y479">{{Cite web |last=Kluy |first=Alexander |date=4 June 2013 |title=Gebrochen deutsch |url=https://www.juedische-allgemeine.de/kultur/gebrochen-deutsch/ |access-date=26 November 2024 |website=Jüdische Allgemeine |language=de}}</ref>{{ISBN|978-3-907142-85-1}} * ''Begegnungen mit Peggy Guggenheim.'' Elisabeth Sandmann Verlag, 2017, . (Vergl.: Peggy Guggenheim) {{ISBN|978-3-945543-34-4}} == Nuni na kai tsaye == * 1980: Gidan kayan gargajiya na Folkwang . * 2003-2005: Retrospektive. Fotomuseum a Munich Stadtmuseum * 2007: ''Ilse Aichinger - Mai daukar hoto von Stefan Moses.'' * 2008: ''Stefan Moses - Münchner Leben.'' Gidan kayan gargajiya na Münchner * 2012: ''Stefan Moses - Mai ƙaura.'' Johanna Breede, Berlin Janairu * 2013: ''Stefan Moses - Deutschlands Emigranten.'' Bayerische Akademie der Schönen Künste, Munich * 2015: Stefan Moses. ''Kyautar Lovis Corinth ta 2014.'' Bayerische Akademie der Schönen Künste, Regensburg * 2016: Stefan Moses - Ein Welttheater . Johanna Breede, Berlin * 2017: ''Stefan Moses - Blumenkinder.'' Littattafan München <ref>{{Cite web |title=Blumenkinder |url=https://www.literaturhaus-muenchen.de/ausstellung/blumenkinder/ |website=www.literaturhaus-muenchen.de}}</ref> * 2018: ''Stefan Moses - Künstler.'' Johanna Breede Photokunst, Berlin * 2019: Gidan Tarihi na Das exotische Land Deutsches <ref name="u334">{{Cite web |date=31 January 2019 |title="Das exotische Land. Fotoreportagen von Stefan Moses" ab morgen im Deutschen Historischen Museum |url=https://www.dhm.de/pressemitteilung/das-exotische-land-fotoreportagen-von-stefan-moses-ab-morgen-im-deutschen-historischen-museum/ |access-date=26 November 2024 |website=Deutsches Historisches Museum (DHM) |language=de}}</ref> * 2020: das Tier und sein Mensch. Johanna Breede Photokunst, Berlin == Nuni na rukuni == * 2011: ''Hotuna a cikin Serie.'' Gidan kayan gargajiya na Kunst und Gewerbe Hamburg * 2013: ''Kleiden - Verkleiden.'' Gidan kayan gargajiya Folkwang * 2014: ''Barbara Klemm / Stefan Moses.'' Gidan kayan gargajiya na Küppersmühle für Moderne Kunst, Duisburg <ref>{{Cite web |title=Informationstext über die Ausstellung auf der Website des Museums |url=http://www.museum-kueppersmuehle.de/ausstellungen/aktuell-im-mkmbarbara-klemm-stefan-moses/ |access-date=2026-02-26 |archive-date=2014-10-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141023220910/http://www.museum-kueppersmuehle.de/ausstellungen/aktuell-im-mkmbarbara-klemm-stefan-moses/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> * 2016: ''Aufbrüche - Bilder aus Deutschland.'' [[:de:Willy-Brandt-Haus|daga]]&#x5D;- * 2017: Franz Hitzler [de]/Stefan Moses. {{Interlanguage link|Künstlerhaus Marktoberdorf|de}} [de] * 2017: Blicke, die bleiben. Fotografische Porträts aus der Sammlung Fricke. Gidan kayan gargajiya na Suermondt-Ludwig, Aachen == Ƙarin karantawa == * Eva-Monika Turck: Stefan Moses - Gestische Topographie Ostdeutschlands . Herbert Utz Verlag, München 2003, {{ISBN|978-3-8316-0197-4}} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2018]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1928]] 8g7n4lh07tj5pyaxvsmo0y92bhowmxn 0 142019 829737 800371 2026-05-04T21:56:04Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829737 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} An haifi '''Sarah Gammon Brown Bickford''' (Disamba 25, 1856 - Yuli 19, 1931) a cikin bauta a Tennessee ko North Carolina. A shekarun 1870 ta tafi zuwa filayen zinare na Montana, tana sayar da aikin reno don sufuri. Daga ƙarshe ta zama mai mallakar Kamfanin Ruwa na Virginia City, ta zama mace ta farko kuma tilo a Montana - kuma wataƙila mace 'yar Afirka 'yar Amurka ɗaya tilo a ƙasar - da ta mallaki wani gidan wuta. <ref> name="Baumler">{{Cite web |last=Baumler |first=Ellen |date=14 August 2014 |title=Celebrating Sarah Bickford |url=http://montanawomenshistory.org/celebrating-sarah-gammon-bickford/ |access-date=1 February 2016 |website=Women's History Matters |publisher=Montana Historical Society}}</ref> A shekarar 2012, Jihar Montana ta karrama ta ta hanyar shigar da ita cikin Gallery of Outstanding Montanans. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Gallery of Outstanding Montanans |url=http://mhs.mt.gov/education/OutstandingMontanans |access-date=1 February 2016 |publisher=Montana Historical Society}}</ref> == Yaro == Banda haihuwarta cikin bauta, asalin Sarah Bickford ba shi da tabbas. Duk da cewa wasu majiyoyi sun nuna cewa an haife ta a North Carolina, wasu masana tarihi sun gano cewa haihuwar Bickford ta fito ne daga Jonesborough, Tennessee, ga wata uwa mallakar John Blair III . Blair ya sami arziki a shekarar 1849 California Gold Rush kuma ya kasance mai himma a siyasa, yana aiki a matsayin sanata na jiha da kuma dan majalisar dokokin Amurka. A shekarar 1860, yana da otal a Knoxville, inda Sarah (wanda aka fi sani da Sallie) ke aiki. Blair ya mutu a shekarar 1863; mallakar kadarorinsa wataƙila shine dalilin da ya sa Sarah ta rabu da iyalinta. Bickford ya gaya wa mutane cewa an sayar da iyayenta a lokacin Yaƙin Basasa kuma ba ta sake ganinsu ba. <ref> name="Peterson and Svingen">{{Cite web |last=Peterson, Bill |last2=Svingen, Orlan |title=Finding Sarah Gammon Bickford |url=http://sarahbickford.org/story.html |access-date=1 February 2016}}</ref> Bayan Yaƙin Basasa, Sarah ta tafi ta zauna tare da goggonta, Nancy Gammon, a Knoxville, kuma mijin Gammon, Isaac, wanda ya zama ɗan fari na farko ɗan Afirka-Amurka a Knoxville. <ref> name="Peterson and Svingen">{{Cite web |last=Peterson, Bill |last2=Svingen, Orlan |title=Finding Sarah Gammon Bickford |url=http://sarahbickford.org/story.html |access-date=1 February 2016}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFPeterson,_BillSvingen,_Orlan">Peterson, Bill; Svingen, Orlan. [http://sarahbickford.org/story.html "Finding Sarah Gammon Bickford"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 February</span> 2016</span>.</cite></ref> Sarah ta ɗauki sunan mahaifinsu, ta zama Sarah Gammon. == Rayuwa a Birnin Virginia == [[Fayil:New_City_Bakery_and_Restaurant_ad.jpg|left|thumb|Talla ga gidan cin abinci/gidan burodi/gidan kwana na Sarah Bickford (a lokacin Sarah Brown's)]] A shekarar 1871, Sarah Gammon ta nufi yankin Montana, inda ta yi wa John Luttrell Murphy aiki a matsayin mai kula da shi. Bayan ta isa garin Virginia City (babban birnin yankin a wancan lokacin), ta yi aiki na ɗan lokaci a matsayin mai kula da ɗakin kwana a Otal ɗin Madison kafin ta auri mai hakar ma'adinai John Brown a shekarar 1872. Ma'auratan suna da 'ya'ya uku (maza biyu maza da mace ɗaya), amma auren bai yi daɗi ba. Dukansu mazan sun mutu sakamakon diphtheria kuma a shekarar 1880, Sarah ta kai ƙarar saki saboda cin zarafi da kuma watsi da ita. Ta sami cikakken kulawar 'yarta Eva mai shekaru bakwai. Bayan ta yi aiki na ɗan lokaci ga baƙuwar ƙasar Faransa-Kanada Adaline Laurin, Sarah Gammon Brown ta buɗe kasuwancinta, Gidan burodi da Gidan Abinci na New City, tana tallata kayayyaki akai-akai a cikin jaridar yankin, ''Madison'' . <ref name="Baumler">{{Cite web |last=Baumler |first=Ellen |date=14 August 2014 |title=Celebrating Sarah Bickford |url=http://montanawomenshistory.org/celebrating-sarah-gammon-bickford/ |access-date=1 February 2016 |website=Women's History Matters |publisher=Montana Historical Society}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFBaumler2014">Baumler, Ellen (14 August 2014). [http://montanawomenshistory.org/celebrating-sarah-gammon-bickford/ "Celebrating Sarah Bickford"]. ''Women's History Matters''. Montana Historical Society<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 February</span> 2016</span>.</cite></ref> A cewar tallan, "Mrs. Sallie Brown, mai gaskiya," tana ba da "abinci a kowace rana ko mako," "abincin rana da abincin dare a kowane lokaci," "burodi sabo, kek, kek da kayan zaki a koyaushe suna nan a hannu." <ref name="Peterson and Svingen">{{Cite web |last=Peterson, Bill |last2=Svingen, Orlan |title=Finding Sarah Gammon Bickford |url=http://sarahbickford.org/story.html |access-date=1 February 2016}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFPeterson,_BillSvingen,_Orlan">Peterson, Bill; Svingen, Orlan. [http://sarahbickford.org/story.html "Finding Sarah Gammon Bickford"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 February</span> 2016</span>.</cite></ref> Eva Brown, 'yar Sarah, ta mutu tana da shekaru 11 a shekarar 1882. Shekara guda bayan haka Sarah Brown ta auri farar ma'aikacin hakar ma'adinai kuma manomi Stephen Eben Bickford. Wannan auren ya faru ne kafin jihar Montana ta zartar da doka da ta hana auren jinsi daban-daban a shekarar 1909. Sauran fitattun ma'aurata daga wannan zamanin sun haɗa da waɗanda suka kafa garin haƙar kwal na Belt, Montana, John da Mattie Castner. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mattie Bost Bell Castner |url=https://mhs.mt.gov/Portals/11/education/bios/castner.pdf |access-date=1 February 2016 |website=Gallery of Outstanding Montanans |publisher=Montana Historical Society}}</ref> [[Fayil:Hangmans_building_Virginia_City,_Montana.jpg|thumb|Ginin "Mai Hangman", mallakar Bickford a shekarun 1900. <small>An ɗauki hoton a shekarar 1939.</small>]] Stephen Bickford ya mutu a shekarar 1890, inda ya bar Sarah da 'ya'ya huɗu ('yan mata uku da namiji ɗaya) da kuma kashi biyu bisa uku na mallakar kamfanin Virginia City Waterworks. Sarah ta taka rawa sosai a cikin wannan sana'a; ta ɗauki ajin kasuwanci ta hanyar wasiƙa kuma a shekarar 1890, ta sayi sauran kashi ɗaya bisa uku na ginin, ta zama mai mallakarta ita kaɗai. <ref name="Baumler"/> Ta kuma sayi wani gini (wanda aka sani da Gidan Hangman's saboda a lokacin gininsa, 'yan Vigilantes sun rataye mutane biyar da suka yi hukunci a matsayin 'yan fashi daga rufin) don ofishinta. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hangsman Building |url=http://www.virginiacitypreservationalliance.org/#!hangman%27s |access-date=1 February 2016 |website=Virginia City Preservation Alliance }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Bickford manaja ce mai aiki tuƙuru. Ta ziyarci kowane abokin ciniki kuma ita ce mai karɓar kuɗi. <ref name="Baumler" /> Ta kasance memba mai daraja a cikin al'umma har zuwa rasuwarta a ranar 19 ga Yuli, 1931. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sarah Gammon Bickford |url=http://mhs.mt.gov/Portals/11/education/Montanans/sarah%20bickford%20panel.pdf |access-date=1 February 2016 |website=Gallery of Outstanding Montanans |publisher=Montana Historical Society}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 6xbjjvmox8l2tctt0pzqh2thvgzotrk 0 142107 830080 818091 2026-05-05T10:16:43Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 830080 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Souhila Belbahar''' (a madadin '''Souhila Bel Bahar'''; <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Amokrane |first=Imène |date=14 December 2016 |title=Plongée dans l'univers de l'artiste Souhila Bel Bahar: Toute l'actualité sur liberte-algerie.com |url=https://www.liberte-algerie.com/culture/plongee-dans-lunivers-de-lartiste-souhila-bel-bahar-260401 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161214154523/https://www.liberte-algerie.com/culture/plongee-dans-lunivers-de-lartiste-souhila-bel-bahar-260401 |archive-date=14 December 2016 |access-date=16 March 2020 |website=Liberté |language=FR |url-status=dead }}</ref> 17 Fabrairu 1934 - 23 Maris 2023) ta kasance mai zane-zane na Aljeriya. A shekara ta 2018, an ba ta lambar yabo ta Algeria ta National Order of Merit . == Tarihin rayuwa == An haifi Belbahar a [[Blida]], Aljeriya, a cikin shekara ta 1934. <ref name=":2" /> <ref name=":1"/><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Baba-Hadji |first=Farouk |date=29 May 2008 |title=La peinture est mon refuge |url=http://www.lemidi-dz.com/index.php?operation=voir_article&id_article=culture@art1@2008-05-29 |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=16 March 2020 |website=Le Midi |language=fr}}</ref> Mai zane-zane mai koyar da kansa, <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=13 October 2011 |title=Belbahar, Souhila |url=https://www.oxfordartonline.com/view/10.1093/benz/9780199773787.001.0001/acref-9780199773787-e-00015442 |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=19 March 2020 |website=Benezit Dictionary of Artists |language=en |doi=10.1093/benz/9780199773787.article.b00015442 |isbn=978-0-19-977378-7}}</ref> ta gudanar da nune-nunen ta na farko a 1971, tana da shekaru 37. <ref name=":0" /> Tun daga wannan lokacin, ta shiga cikin nune-nunen solo da na rukuni da yawa a [[Aljir|Algiers]] . <ref name=":2" /> Cibiyar Al'adu ta Aljeriya a Paris ta dauki bakuncin baje kolin ayyukan Belbahar a shekarar 1986. Belbahar ya nuna a Gidan Tarihi na Fine Arts na Algiers a shekarar 1984. [1] Gidan kayan gargajiya ya gudanar da nune-nunen ayyukanta a shekara ta 2008. [2] A cikin 2016, gidan kayan gargajiya ya buga Il pleut des jasmins sur Alger, tarihin rayuwar Belbahar wanda 'yarta, Dalila Hafiz ta rubuta.[3] A cikin 2018, Belbahar ta sami lambar yabo ta National Order of Merit daga Ministan Al'adu na Aljeriya, Azzedine Mihoubi . <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Des médailles de l'ordre du mérite décernées à des hommes de lettre, intellectuels et artistes algériens et étrangers |url=http://www.aps.dz/culture/73497-des-medailles-de-l-ordre-du-merite-decernees-a-des-hommes-de-lettre-intellectuels-et-artistes-algeriens-et-etrangers |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=19 March 2020 |website=Algérie Presse Service |language=fr-fr}}</ref> Belbahar ya mutu a ranar 23 ga Maris 2023, yana da shekaru 89. <ref>[https://www.lexpressiondz.com/info-en-continu/l-artiste-peintre-souhila-belbahar-n-est-plus-335272 L'artiste peintre Souhila Belbahar n'est plus] {{In lang|fr}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2023]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1934]] 7s3fh5hfy5yacpsckgyu5wjcq2mtyaf 0 142507 829641 801682 2026-05-04T18:59:32Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829641 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sally Rice''' farfesa ce ta ilimin harshe a Jami'ar Alberta, inda ta dauki matsayi ba da daɗewa ba bayan ta sami PhD a 1987 a Jami'an California, San Diego, a karkashin kulawar Ronald W. Longacker . <ref>{{Cite web |title=UC San Diego - Linguistics People - Alumni |url=https://linguistics.ucsd.edu/people/alumni.html#1987 |access-date=2022-11-12 |website=linguistics.ucsd.edu}}</ref> An san Rice da iliminta a kan harsunan asalin Kanada, musamman na dangin yaren Athabaskan.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sally Rice |url=https://scholar.google.ca/citations?user=1n0OhdgAAAAJ&hl=en |access-date=2022-11-12 |website=scholar.google.ca}}</ref> Ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin daraktocin da suka kafa CILLDI, Cibiyar Nazarin Harsuna da Harshen Kanada, wanda tun daga shekara ta 2000 ya kasance cibiyar bazara ta shekara-shekara ta uku don samar da horo a ci gaban harsunan Kasashen Kanada. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=History of CILLDI |url=http://www.cilldi.ualberta.ca/en/AboutCILLDI/History.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160617212706/http://www.cilldi.ualberta.ca/en/AboutCILLDI/History.aspx |archive-date=June 17, 2016 |access-date=July 7, 2016 |website= |publisher=}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka da bambance-bambance == * Rice ta kasance Farfesa mai daraja a Jami'ar Alberta Faculty of Arts daga 2007 zuwa 2011.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rojas |first=Carmen |date=2007 |title=Linguist becomes Landrex Distinguished Professor |url=https://www.ualberta.ca/~publicas/folio/44/11/05.html |access-date= |website=University of Alberta Folio |publisher= }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> * Rice ta kasance Farfesa ce ta McCalla a Jami'ar Alberta Faculty of Arts a 2008-2009. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=McCalla Professorships 2008-2009 |url=https://uofa.ualberta.ca/centre-for-teaching-and-learning/awards/mccalla-professorships/mccalla-abstracts/mccalla-professorships-2008-2009 |access-date=July 7, 2016 |website= |publisher= }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> * An ba Rice tallafi daga Cibiyar Nazarin Kimiyya da Kimiyya ta Jama'a ta Kanada (SSHRC) a cikin 1999 don "The Daghida Project: Nazarin Harshe da Revitalization a cikin Al'ummar Kasashen Farko (Cold Lake, Alberta). "<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Awards Search Engine (results) |url=http://www.outil.ost.uqam.ca/CRSH/Detail.aspx?Cle=8579&Langue=2 |access-date=July 7, 2016 |website= |publisher=}}</ref> * An ba Rice tallafi daga Cibiyar Nazarin Kimiyya da Kimiyya ta Jama'a ta Kanada (SSHRC) a cikin 2003 don "Taron 7 kan Tsarin Ra'ayi, Magana, da Harshe . "<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Awards Search Engine (results) |url=http://www.outil.ost.uqam.ca/CRSH/Detail.aspx?Cle=25652&Langue=2 |access-date=July 7, 2016 |website= |publisher=}}</ref> * Rice da ɗan'uwansa masanin harshe [[Joyce McDonough]] an ba su tallafi daga Gidauniyar Kimiyya ta Amurka a cikin 2009 don "An Interactive Speech Atlas of Dene Speaking Communities in the Mackenzie Basin" (kyauta 0853929). <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=National Science Foundation |url=http://nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0853929&HistoricalAwards=false |access-date=July 7, 2016 |website= |publisher=}}</ref> == Cibiyar Nazarin Harsuna da Harshen Kanada (CILLDI) == <blockquote class="templatequote" id="29">"Akwai fiye da harsunan Aboriginal 60 a Kanada. Baya ga Cree, Ojibway da Inuktitut, duk harsunan asalin Kanada suna cikin haɗari, da yawa suna da mahimmanci. Al'ummomin 'yan asalin ƙasar, kwalejoji da jami'o'i suna aiki don adanawa - kuma a wasu lokuta, dawowa - waɗannan harsuna, amma har zuwa yanzu babu wani shiri na ƙasa da aka keɓe ga dorewar harsunan' yan asalin ƙasar a Kanada. "</blockquote>Sally Rice ta kasance cikin ƙungiyar masu fafutukar harshe da masu ilimi waɗanda suka haɗa da Donna Paskemin da Heather Blair, waɗanda suka kafa CILLDI a shekarar 1999 tare da cibiyar baje kolin bazara ta farko da aka gudanar a kan [[Onion Lake First Nation]], [[Saskatchewan]], tana ba da kwas ɗaya mai taken "Faɗaɗa Harshe da Karatu [[Cree language|na Cree]] ". CILLDI, wanda ake karbar bakuncinsa a [[University of Alberta|Jami'ar Alberta]] da ke [[Edmonton]], wata babbar makaranta ce ta shekara-shekara don masu fafutukar harshen 'yan asalin ƙasar, masu magana, masu harsuna, da malamai." Shiri ne na "al'adu daban-daban, masu magana da harsuna daban-daban, masu ilimi daban-daban, masu ilimi daban-daban, masu ilimi daban-daban, masu zaman kansu, masu tsararraki daban-daban". Rice tana kan Majalisar Ba da Shawara ta CILLDI . [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] ==manazarta== if56w2rpto00cghatlg9amp3y6txiwv 0 142583 830117 801869 2026-05-05T11:25:58Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 830117 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Stella Fakiyesi''' Listenⓘ (an haife ta a shekara ta 1971) 'yar Najeriya ce Mai daukar hoto, mai daukar hoto kuma mai zane. Ayyukan Fakiyesi a cikin daukar hoto da [[Zane-zane na gani|zane-zane]] an nuna su a yawancin nune-nunen kasa da kasa.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Position As Desired/Exploring African Canadian Identity: Photographs from the Wedge Collection |url=https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/news/36847/position-as-desiredexploring-african-canadian-identity-pho.html |access-date=2021-08-09 |website=Nigerian Voice}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=2018-04-25 |title=Opinion {{!}} Five great exhibitions to check out at the Contact Photography Festival |url=https://www.thestar.com/entertainment/visualarts/opinion/2018/04/25/five-great-exhibitions-to-check-out-at-the-contact-photography-festival.html |access-date=2021-08-09 |website=thestar.com |language=en}}</ref> == Tarihin rayuwa == An haifi Fakiyesi a Najeriya. Ta yi karatun daukar hoto a Kwalejin Fasaha da Zane ta Ontario daga 1993 zuwa 1997. [1] Bayan kammala karatunta a shekarar 1997, Fakiyesi ta fara aiki a kan aikinta na solo a Toronto, Kanada.[2][3][4][5] Ta kafa kuma ta gudanar da SOF Art House, wani gallery da kuma hadin gwiwar aiki ga masu daukar hoto a Toronto daga 1999 zuwa 2005. [6] == Zaɓuɓɓukan nune-nunen == * 2019 Ra'ayoyin Ƙaunar Cibiyar Harbourfront <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Harbourfront Centre - Events |url=https://www.harbourfrontcentre.com/2019/kuumba/events/index.cfm?id=10384&festival_id=306 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210809162858/https://www.harbourfrontcentre.com/2019/kuumba/events/index.cfm?id=10384&festival_id=306 |archive-date=9 August 2021 |access-date=2025-01-06 |website=www.harbourfrontcentre.com}}</ref> * 2018 - 2019 Duk abin da ya rage ya kasance Art Gallery of Sudbury <ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=...Everything Remains Raw – Art Gallery Of Sudbury |url=https://artgalleryofsudbury.myshopify.com/pages/everything-remains-raw-photographing-torontos-hip-hop-culture-from-analogue-to-digital |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210809164638/https://artgalleryofsudbury.myshopify.com/pages/everything-remains-raw-photographing-torontos-hip-hop-culture-from-analogue-to-digital |archive-date=9 August 2021 |access-date=2021-08-09 |website=artgalleryofsudbury.myshopify.com |language=en}}</ref> * 2018 Duk abin da ya rage ya kasance Raw McMichael Gallery . <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=…Everything Remains Raw: Photographing Toronto's Hip Hop Culture from Analogue to Digital |url=https://canadianart.ca/agenda/everything-remains-raw-photographing-torontos-hip-hop-culture-from-analogue-to-digital/ |access-date=2021-08-09 |website=Canadian Art |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-11-17 |title=Everything Remains Raw |url=https://wsimag.com/entertainment/32936-everything-remains-raw |access-date=2021-08-09 |website=Wall Street International |language=en}}</ref> * 2016 ''Matsayi Kamar yadda ake so'' yana Binciken Gidan Tarihin Tarihin Afirka na Windsor.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Art Gallery of Windsor |url=https://agw.ca/exhibitions/past/449/2017 |access-date=2021-08-09 |website=agw.ca |language=en |archive-date=2021-08-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210809164638/https://agw.ca/exhibitions/past/449/2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=":0"/> * 2012 ''Matsayi Kamar yadda ake so'' a Gidan Tarihi na Shige da Fice na Kanada Halifax, Nova Scotia . * 2010 - 2011 ''Matsayi Kamar yadda ake so'' Royal Ontario Museum (ROM) Toronto, Kanada.<ref name=":0" /> * 2005 ''Amiala'' da Harbourfront Center Toronto, Kanada.<ref name=":2" /> * 1998- 2000 Tarihin Hotunan Afirka daga 1840 zuwa Kungiyar yanzu ta nuna Paris, São Paulo, Mexico City, Washington, DC, Cape Town, Afirka ta Kudu.<ref name=":3"/> * 1999 Hoton ƙungiyar Afrika ya nuna Haus Der Kulturen Der Welt, Berlin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ᐅ Stella Fakiyesi |url=http://www.artnews.de/kuenstler.php?kunst=Stella_Fakiyesi |access-date=2021-08-09 |website=www.artnews.de}}</ref> == Dubi kuma == * [[Ade Adekola]] * Nengi Omuku == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] qu8oivplel336ecvlonv9y53hg8yi2d 0 142986 829617 802966 2026-05-04T15:10:13Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829617 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ruth Anlaug Ryste''' (an haife ta ne a ranar 24 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 1932 - 21 ga watan Satumbar shekara ta 2023) 'yar kungiyar kwadago ce ta Norway kuma 'yar siyasa ce ta Jam'iyyar Labour Party . An haifi Ryste a Bamba . Ta kammala makarantar kasuwanci a 1950, kuma daga 1950 zuwa 1970 ta yi aiki tare da jin dadin jama'a a garin Bamble. Ta kasance mataimakiyar mamba a [[Ƙaramar hukuma|Majalisar birni]] ta Bamble daga 1967 zuwa 1971. Daga 1970 zuwa 1973 ta kasance sakatariya a cikin ƙungiyar kwadago ta Norwegian Civil Service Union, kuma memba ne na kwamitin sa ido na Kungiyar Kwadago ta Norway daga 1969 zuwa 1975. Ta kasance sakatariyar sirri ga [[Minister of Administration and Consumer Affairs (Norway)|Ministan Gudanarwa da Harkokin Abokan Ciniki]] daga 1 ga Janairun 1973 zuwa 1 ga Janairu 1974, kuma daga 1975 zuwa 1976 ta kasance sakatare a Statstjenestemannskartellet . Daga 1976 zuwa 1979 ta yi aiki a matsayin Ministan Harkokin Jama'a a cikin Ma'aikatar Nordli. A lokacin da take mulki, gwamnati ta ba da izinin zubar da ciki.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=23 September 2023 |title=Tidligere sosialminister Ruth Ryste er død |url=https://www.abcnyheter.no/nyheter/politikk/2023/09/23/195950312/tidligere-sosialminister-ruth-ryste-er-dod |access-date=23 September 2023 |publisher=ABC Nyheter |language=no }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Ta kasance memba na kwamitin tsakiya na jam'iyyar Labour daga 1975 zuwa 1981. A shekara ta 1979 ta bar matsayin Minista don zama darakta na Majalisar 'yan gudun hijira ta Norway . Daga 1982 zuwa 1987 ta jagoranci Statens simningssekretariat, kuma daga 1988 zuwa 1995 ta kasance mai ba da shawara a Ma'aikatar Karamar Hukumar. Ta kasance memba na kwamitin Nationaltheatret daga 1975 zuwa 1982 kuma memba na Kwamitin Litattafai na Norway don Baƙi da Hukumomi daga 1984 zuwa 1987. Shekaru da yawa bayan ta yi ritaya an zabe ta a majalisar birni ta Porsgrunn don wa'adin 2007 zuwa 2011. [1] Sie ya mutu a ranar 21 ga Satumba 2023, yana da shekaru 91.<ref name=":0"/> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2023]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1932]] 59oie12p5zxx2yydmf3eyv2tvym6rdu 0 143035 829604 803185 2026-05-04T12:15:28Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829604 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Rosario Hernández Diéguez''' ( [[Sunayen Ranaku|laƙabi]], '''A Calesa''' ; Vigo, 17 Fabrairu 1916 - Vigo, 3 Satumba 1936) ɗan jaridar [[Galicia (Spain)|Galician]] ɗan ƙasar Sipaniya mai haƙar fata ne kuma ɗan ƙungiyar kasuwanci, mai alaƙa da Unión General de Trabajadores (UGT) da Jam'iyyar Socialist Workers' Party ( {{Lang|es|Partido Socialista Obrero Español}} ) (PSOE). <ref name="vigoorg">{{Cite web |title=Rosario Hernandez: La Calesa (1916 - 1936) |url=https://hoxe.vigo.org/conecenos/rutas.php?idpoi=2909&idruta=153&tipo=&lang=cas |access-date=1 March 2023 |website=hoxe.vigo.org |publisher=Concello de Vigo |language=es}}</ref> An yi mata fyaɗe, an yi mata yankan rago, an azabtar da ita, ta mutu tana ƙarama, wacce aka zalunta da zaluncin Franco . <ref name="belaguaediciones2013">{{Cite web |date=10 February 2013 |title=Ruta por la huella de las mujeres de Vigo {{!}} Vivir Galicia |url=https://belaguaediciones.com/vivirgaliciaturismo/ruta-por-vigo-en-clave-de-mujer/ |access-date=1 March 2023 |website=belaguaediciones.com |language=es }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Wani titi a garinsu yana ɗauke da sunanta. == Tarihin Rayuwa == Rosario Hernández Diéguez 'yar wani [[Jirgin ƙasa|ɗan jirgin ƙasa ne]] na [[Anarchism|anarchist]] . Gidanta yana kan Calle Pino a Vigo. Kowa ya san ta da [[Sunayen Ranaku|laƙabin]] ta, "A Calesa". Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai sayar da jaridu a ƙofar ƙungiyar "El Gimnasio" a Calle del Príncipe, tana karanta labarai a jaridu. Ta ziyarci UGT's Casa del pueblo na UGT, kuma ta halarci tarurrukan PSOE. Cikin tausayawa na ƙarshe, ta shiga cikin zanga-zangar ma'aikata na lokacin. <ref name="lavozdegalicia2011" /> Hernandez ta gudu da boren 18 ga Yuli 1936. An kama ta aka kama ta a ranar 3 ga Satumba 1936. [lower-alpha 1] An daure ta a gidan yari a María Berdiales Fronton na birnin, 'yar uwarta, Maria, ta kawo mata abinci. [1] Mai girman kai, maimakon biyayya, mai sadaukarwa da biyayya, an aske ta, an yi mata fyaɗe, an yanke mata gindi, sannan aka kashe ta [2] a wani barikin Falange . An rataye gawarta a kan wani gasa na ƙarfe [1] kafin a jefar da ita daga jirgin ruwa a Ria de Vigo, kusa da Tsibirin Cíes . [3] == Gado == [[Fayil:Rúa_Rosario_Hernández_Diéguez_(a_Calesa).jpg|thumb|Rosario Hernández Diéguez Alamar Titin a cikin Vigo]] Wani titi a yankin Vigo's Coutadas, tsakanin cibiyar Os Rosais da Travesía de Vigo mai suna Rosario Hernández Diéguez. A cikin 2021, labarin, "Rosario Hernández é un lugar", wanda Marcos López Concepción ya rubuta, ya lashe gasa ta VIII Vigo Histórico, wanda {{Interlanguage link|Editoral Elvira|es}} ya shirya. . == Duba kuma == * Mata a Jam'iyyar Ma'aikatan Gurguzu ta Spain a Yaƙin Basasa na Spain == Manazarta == rc0a7edwgpptcfwg0v4jmjy2pmw4trb 0 143119 829936 803435 2026-05-05T07:50:15Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829936 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Simone Segouin''' (; 3 ga Oktoba 1925 - 21 ga Fabrairu 2023), wanda aka fi sani da sunanta '''Nicole Minet''' (Faransaniya), ya kasance mayaƙan adawa na Faransa wanda ya yi aiki a cikin ƙungiyar Francs-tireurs et partisans a lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na II]] . Daga cikin ayyukanta na farko na juriya shine satar keke daga wani sintiri na Jamus, wanda ta yi amfani da shi don taimakawa wajen ɗaukar saƙonni. Ta ci gaba da shiga cikin manyan ayyuka ko kuma masu haɗari, kamar kama sojojin Jamus, rushe jiragen kasa, da ayyukan sabuntawa.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=17 August 2014 |title=Simone Segouin, the 18 year old French Resistance fighter, 1944 – Rare Historical Photos |url=https://rarehistoricalphotos.com/simone-segouin-18-year-old-french-resistance-fighter-1944/ |access-date=23 October 2020 |website=Rare Historical Photos |language=en-US}}</ref>{{IPA|fr|simɔn səɡwɛ̃|lang}}{{IPA|fr|simɔn səɡwɛ̃|lang}}{{IPA|fr|simɔn səɡwɛ̃|lang}}{{IPA|fr|nikɔl minɛ|lang}} == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Segouin a ranar 3 ga Oktoba 1925 a Thivars, ƙauyen Faransa kusa da Chartres . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Les registres paroissiaux et d'état civil |url=https://archives28.fr/archives-et-inventaires-en-ligne/histoire-des-individus-des-populations-et-genealogie/les-registres-paroissiaux-et-detat-civil |access-date=2023-05-06 |website=archives28.fr |language=fr}}</ref> Ta girma tare da 'yan'uwa uku. Mahaifinta ya kasance soja ne mai daraja a lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na I]]. <ref name=":0"/> Ta halarci makaranta har zuwa shekara 14, a wannan lokacin ta fara aiki a gonar iyali. [[Fayil:SimoneSegouin.jpg|thumb|Segouin a ranar 29 ga watan Agusta 1944]] A wata hira da Jack Belden, wanda aka buga a cikin mujallar Life a 1944 a ƙarƙashin taken "The Girl Partisan of Chartres", Segouin da "Lieutenant Roland" sun bayyana cewa shigar Segouin tare da Resistance ta tashi bayan sun hadu lokacin da take da shekaru 17. Lieutenant ya umurce ta da yin amfani da bindiga kuma ya gabatar da Segouin ga wasu mambobin kungiyar. Don shiga cikin Francs-Tireurs et Partisans - dakarun adawa da kwaminisanci - Segouin ta sami takardun shaida na karya, wanda ya kafa ta a matsayin Nicole Minet . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Montero |first=Almu |date=17 November 2015 |title=Simone Segouin, combatiente en la Resistencia Francesa |trans-title="Simone Segouin, combatiente en la Resistencia Francesa". |url=https://www.naiz.eus/en/blogs/lasoledadprogramada/posts/simone-segouin-combatiente-en-la-resistencia-francesa |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201027073123/https://www.naiz.eus/en/blogs/lasoledadprogramada/posts/simone-segouin-combatiente-en-la-resistencia-francesa |archive-date=27 October 2020 |access-date=23 October 2020 |website=www.naiz.eus |language=es}}</ref> Wadannan takardun sun gano ta daga tashar jiragen ruwa ta Dunkirk, wanda aka jefa bam a farkon yakin, wanda ya sa ya zama da wahala ga Jamusawa su tabbatar da sahihancinsu.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=29 April 2020 |title=Girl with a Gun – Simone Segouin |url=https://www.accidentaltalmudist.org/heroes/2020/04/29/girl-with-a-gun/ |access-date=23 October 2020 |website=Accidental Talmudist |language=en-US |archive-date=4 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230604202144/https://www.accidentaltalmudist.org/heroes/2020/04/29/girl-with-a-gun/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Segouin ya fara ne ta hanyar yin aiki a matsayin manzo da kuma aiwatar da wasu ƙananan ayyuka, kuma daga baya ya zama mai shiga tsakani bayan ya shiga cikin nasarar "tafiyar fashewar jirgin kasa". Lieutenant Roland shi ne Roland Boursier, tare da wanda Segouin ya ci gaba da samun 'ya'ya shida.<ref name=":0"/> Ma'auratan ba su taɓa yin aure ba, kuma duk yaran sun ɗauki sunan Segouin.<ref name=":2"/> Segouin ya kasance a lokacin da aka 'yantar da Chartres a ranar 23 ga watan Agusta 1944 da kuma 'yancin Paris kwana biyu bayan haka. Game da rawar da ta taka a cikin Resistance, ta ce:<blockquote>Ina gwagwarmaya don juriya, wannan shi ne duka. Idan dole ne in sake farawa, zan yi, saboda ban yi nadama ba. Jamusawa abokan gaba ne, mu Faransanci ne.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=31 August 2015 |title=L'incroyable histoire de Simone Segouin, la jeune femme qui a permis l'arrestation de 25 soldats allemands à seulement 18 ans en 1944 |trans-title=The incredible story of Simone Segouin, the young woman who enabled the arrest of 25 German soldiers at just 18 years old in 1944 |url=https://www.atlantico.fr/decryptage/2306570/l-histoire-de-simone-segouin-la-jeune-femme-qui-a-permis-l-arrestation-de-25-soldats-allemands-a-seulement-18-ans-en-1944 |access-date=2020-10-23 |publisher=Atlantico.fr |language=fr}}</ref></blockquote>Segouin ta sami shahara a duniya lokacin da aka buga hotunan ta ta mai daukar hoto na Amurka Robert Capa a cikin Life makonni bayan kama sojoji 25 na Jamus wanda ta shiga.<ref name=":0"/> Belden ya kammala aikinsa a kanta ta hanyar lura da cewa:<blockquote>Ba zan iya samun alamar abin da ake kira tsananin Nicole ba. Bayan rayuwar gona ta yau da kullun, ta sami aikinta na yanzu mai ban sha'awa da farin ciki. Yanzu da yaƙin ya wuce bayan gundumar gidanta ba ta tunanin komawa gona. Tana so ta ci gaba tare da 'yan adawa kuma ta taimaka wa sauran Faransa.</blockquote> == Bayan yakin == Ta sami matsayi na biyu a 1946, kuma an ba ta lambar yabo ta Croix de Guerre saboda hidimar da ta yi a cikin Resistance . [1][2] Bayan yakin, Segouin ta zama ma'aikaciyar jinya a Chartres . [1] Wata titi a Courville-sur-Eure, inda ta zauna, an sanya mata suna.[3] A mayar da martani ga girmamawa, Segouin ya ce, "Ina farin ciki sosai da sanin cewa mutane ba su damu da wannan lokacin na rayuwata ba. " A cikin 2020, an sanya sunan zauren ƙauyen a Thivars don Segouin. [4][5] Ta kasance batun wani shirin Faransa a cikin 2021, wanda aka watsa a kan RMC Découverte . [6] A ranar 14 ga watan Yulin 2021, an nada ta Knight of the Legion of Honour, mafi girman tsari na cancanta na Faransa.[2] Segouin ya mutu a ranar 21 ga Fabrairu 2023, yana da shekaru 97. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Couratin |first=Sébastien |date=2023-02-21 |title=Exclusif - Simone Segouin, la dernière résistante d'Eure-et-Loir, s'est éteinte ce mardi matin |trans-title=Exclusive - Simone Segouin, the last resistance fighter in Eure-et-Loir, died on Tuesday morning |url=https://www.lechorepublicain.fr/chartres-28000/actualites/simone-segouin-la-derniere-resistante-d-eure-et-loir-s-est-eteinte-ce-mardi-matin_14265758/ |access-date=2023-02-23 |website=L'Écho républicain |language=fr}}</ref> == Dubi kuma == * [[Andrée Borrel]] * [[Denise Bloch]] * [[Lise na Baissac]] * [[Jeannette Guyot]] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2023]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1925]] gc8o50gmemcuxh6yn0n8w0vvskzhigp 0 143541 829869 818074 2026-05-05T05:02:41Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829869 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Shirin Aumeeruddy-Cziffra''' (an haife ta a ranar 15 ga watan Oktoba 1948) lauya ce 'yar ƙasar Mauritius, 'yar siyasa kuma jami'ar diflomasiyya. Ta yi aiki a matsayin kakakin Majalisar Dokoki ta Ƙasa tun daga ranar 29 ga watan Nuwamba 2024. Aumeeruddy-Cziffra ita ce Babbar Lauya ta farko a ƙasar kuma ministar shari'a lokacin da aka fara naɗa ta a gwamnati a shekarar 1982. Bugu da ƙari, an kuma naɗa ta ministar kare haƙƙin mata da harkokin iyali. Bayan rabuwar gwamnati, ta yi murabus daga ma'aikatunta a watan Maris na shekara ta 1983. Aumeeruddy-Cziffra za ta ci gaba da zama memba na majalisar har zuwa shekara ta 1991 kuma ta zama jakadiyar Mauritius a [[Faransa]], [[Italiya]], [[Ispaniya|Spain]] da [[Portugal]] daga shekarun 1992 zuwa 1995. Ita ce shugabar Kotun Ɗaukaka Ƙara ta Hukumomin Jama'a (PBAT), wacce ke sasanta takaddamar ma'aikatan gwamnati da al'ummomin yankin kan batutuwan da suka shafi ɗaukar ma'aikata da takunkumi tun daga shekarar 2009. Ta zama magajiyar garin Beau Bassin-Rose Hill a shekarar 1987. Ta kasance mai kare hakkin yara daga shekarun 2004 zuwa 2011. Ita ce mace Musulma ta farko a Mauritius da aka zaɓa a matsayin 'yar majalisa, aka naɗa ta Minista kuma aka zaɓe ta a matsayin Kakakin Majalisar Dokoki ta Ƙasa. == Rayuwar farko da aiki == An haife ta a ranar 15 ga watan Oktoba, 1948. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mauritius {{!}} National Assembly |url=https://data.ipu.org/parliament/MU/MU-LC01/ |website=IPU Parline: global data on national parliaments |publisher=IPU}}</ref> Harshenta na asali shine Mauritian Creole, yayin da take jin [[Turanci]] da [[Faransanci]]. Aumeeruddy-Cziffra ta kammala karatun digirinta na lauya daga Makarantar Shari'a ta Inns of Court da ke Burtaniya. Ta kasance mai fafutukar kare hakkin mata a lokacin ƙuruciyarta kuma ta kafa Ligue Féministe a shekarar 1974, Solidarité Femmes a Mauritius a shekarar 1977. Tare da wasu mata 19, ta yi yaƙi da Dokokin Shige da Fice da Korar Kuɗi, waɗanda suka hana matan jami'an ƙasashen waje neman izinin zama. An yi jayayya kan shari'ar da wasu mutane biyu da aka zalunta, wato mata masu aure da mata marasa aure waɗanda jami'an ƙasashen waje suka aura. Da farko kotun ta amince da shari'ar mata masu aure kawai. Daga ƙarshe ta yi nasara a shari'ar a shekarar 1981. <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 April 1981 |title=Shirin Aumeeruddy-Cziffra et al v. Mauritius (Mauritian Women case) |url=https://minorityrights.org/law-and-legal-cases/shirin-aumeeruddy-cziffra-et-al-v-mauritius-mauritian-women-case/ |access-date=19 December 2018 |website=Minorityrights.org}}</ref> == Aikin siyasa == Daga shekarar 1982 zuwa 1983, ta kasance Ministar 'Yancin Mata da Harkokin Iyali. Ita ce mace [[Musulmi|Musulma]] ta farko da aka zaba a matsayin 'yar majalisa kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin minista. <ref name="ibcr">{{Cite web |title=SHIRIN AUMEERUDDY-CZIFFRA |url=http://www.ibcr.org/en/conseil-dadministration/shirin-aumeeruddy-cziffra-en/ |access-date=28 October 2016 |publisher=International Bureau of Children's rights |archive-date=2 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161202053802/http://www.ibcr.org/en/conseil-dadministration/shirin-aumeeruddy-cziffra-en/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> A cikin shekarun nan, ta yi aiki a matsayin Jakadiya a [[UNESCO]], 'yar Majalisa a Rose-Hill, da kuma Babbar Lauya na Gwamnatin Mauritius. Ta zama Magajiyar Garin Beau Bassin-Rose Hill a shekarar 1987. <ref name="ibcr"/> Tsakanin shekarun 1992 da 1995, Aumeeruddy-Cziffra ya yi aiki a matsayin Jakadan Mauritius a Paris, Rome, Madrid da Lisbon. A watan Satumba na shekarar 2000, ta zama Shugabar (Shugabar) ta Kamfanin Watsa Labarai na Mauritius (MBC). <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 September 2000 |title=Shirin Aumeeruddy Cziffra |url=https://www.africaintelligence.com/ion/power-brokers/2000/09/30/shirin-aumeeruddy-cziffra,472013-art |access-date=19 December 2018 |website=Africaintelligence.com}}</ref> Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin Ministar Shari'a ta Mauritius, Shugabar [[Permanent Council of the Francophonie|Majalisar Dindindin ta Francophonie]] da kuma Kungiyar Ƙasa da Ƙasa ta Francophonie (OIF), memba na [[Agency of the Francophonie|Hukumar Francophonie]], Kwamitin Daraktoci Memba na Cibiyar 'Yancin Ɗan Adam da Ci Gaba (Gambia), Memba na Hukumar NGO Femme Africa Solidarité, kuma memba ce da ta kafa kungiyar NGO Women in Law and Development in Africa. Ta riƙe muƙamin Ombudsman na kare haƙƙin yara daga shekarun 2004 zuwa 2011. A watan Maris na 2011, ta roƙi gwamnati da ta rungumi tsarin zaɓi don sauƙaƙe haɗin gwiwa tsakanin Mauritius da sauran ƙasashe kan yaƙi da cin zarafin yara ta hanyar lalata. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 March 2011 |title=La technologie au service de la protection de l' enfant mauricien |url=http://genderlinks.org.za/classification/themes/la-technologie-au-service-de-la-protection-de-lenfant-mauricien-2011-02-17/ |access-date=19 December 2018 |website=Genderlinks.org.za |language=fr}}</ref> A shekarar 2012, ta zama shugabar Kotun Ɗaukaka Ƙara ta Hukumomin Jama'a (PBAT), wacce ke sasanta takaddamar ma'aikatan gwamnati da al'ummomin yankin kan batutuwan da suka shafi ɗaukar ma'aikata da takunkumi. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vel Moonien |date=27 February 2012 |title=Ile Maurice: Shirin Aumeeruddy-Cziffra présidente de la public bodies appeal tribunal |url=https://fr.allafrica.com/stories/201202280003.html |access-date=19 December 2018 |website=Allafrica.com}}</ref> A shekarar 2015, an sabunta wa'adin aikinta na tsawon shekaru uku. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 February 2015 |title=Aumeeruddy-Cziffra and his two assessors renewed |url=http://www.lemauricien.com/article/public-bodies-appeal-tribunal-shirin-aumeeruddy-cziffra-et-ses-deux-assesseurs-reconduits |access-date=28 October 2016 |publisher=Lemaurician}}</ref> A watan Maris na shekarar 2018, an sake fasalin shugabancin PBAT, kuma an sake sabunta wa'adin Shirin Aumeeruddy-Cziffra. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Djemillah Mourade |date=21 March 2018 |title=Le Public Bodies Appeal Tribunal a été reconstitué. Shirin Aumeeruddy Cziffra a été reconduite à la Présidence |url=http://www.mbcradio.tv/article/le-public-bodies-appeal-tribunal-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-reconstitu%C3%A9-shirin-aumeeruddy-cziffra-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-reconduite-%C3%A0 |access-date=19 December 2018 |website=Mbcradio.tv |language=fr}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Aumeeruddy-Cziffra ta auri [[Mutanen Faransa|ɗan Faransa]] Claude Cziffra, malami kuma mai gabatar da shirye-shirye a rediyo daga baya, wanda ya zauna a Mauritius a shekarar 1974 kuma suna da 'ya'ya biyu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=From The Frontline: Shirin Aumeeruddy-Cziffra |url=https://www.crin.org/en/library/news-archive/frontline-shirin-aumeeruddy-cziffra |access-date=28 October 2016 |publisher=Child Rights International Network}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka == * 2004: Digirin girmamawa daga Jami'ar Paris Panthéon-Sorbonne saboda gabatar da sashen shari'a a Mauritius da kuma hidima gaba ɗaya. * 2006: Kyautar Tombouctou saboda shirye-shiryenta na zaman lafiya a Afirka tare da FAS. * 14 ga watan Yuli 2015: Ministar Harkokin Waje na Faransa ya ba da kyautar Chevalier na Ƙungiyar 'Yan Tawaye ta Honour. <ref name="ibcr"/> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1948]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 2ji9bmakmvgz7w473081dn07q5g93vx 8 143707 830109 807010 2026-05-05T10:59:40Z Ammarpad 4826 + 830109 json application/json { "page": "Wikipedia:Hausa Wikimedia Data Support", "year": "2026", "minText": "1", "maxText": "1", "cycle": "1", "startDate": "2026-03-01", "endDate": "2026-05-31" } cb9rcnsuims11wbkqj2e968qj5qp2fq 0 143793 829920 805185 2026-05-05T06:30:19Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829920 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Shulamit Aloni''' (née '''Adler''') (Ibraniyawa) (Hebrew) 27 Disamba 1927 - 24 Janairu 2014) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mira Bar-Hillel |date=29 January 2014 |title=Shulamit Aloni: Politician who championed human rights and was fiercely critical of Israel's treatment of Palestine |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/shulamit-aloni-politician-who-championed-human-rights-and-was-fiercely-critical-israel-s-treatment-palestine-9094360.html |access-date=10 October 2020 |website=The Independent}}</ref> ya kasance ɗan siyasan Isra'ila. Ta kafa jam'iyyar Ratz mai ci gaba, ta kasance shugabar jam'iyyar Meretz, Shugaba na adawa daga 1988 zuwa 1990, kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin Ministan Ilimi daga 1992 zuwa 1993. A shekara ta 2000, ta lashe Kyautar Isra'ila . A cikin shekaru da yawa da ta yi a siyasa, Aloni ta yi kira ga ra'ayin addini, mafita ta zaman lafiya ga rikicin Isra'ila da [[Falasdinawa]], daidaito ga 'Yan ƙasar Larabawa na Isra'ila kuma ta gabatar da dokar da ta kawar da luwadi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Littman |first=Shany |date=January 21, 2025 |title=She Decriminalized Gay Sex and Fought for Israeli Women. So Why Was Shulamit Aloni Forgotten? |url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2025-01-21/ty-article-magazine/.premium/from-womens-rights-to-legalizing-gay-sex-in-israel-remembering-shulamit-alonis-legacy/00000194-8931-dee1-aff7-eb7f56db0000 |access-date=26 December 2025 |website=Haaretz}}</ref> == Tarihin rayuwa == === Rayuwa ta farko === An haifi Shulamit Adler a Poland.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-06-23 |title=Shulamit Aloni |url=https://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/aloni-shulamit |access-date=2024-07-02 |website=Jewish Women's Archive |language=en}}</ref> Mahaifiyarta mai saƙa ce kuma mahaifinta masassaƙi ne, dukansu sun fito ne daga iyalan rabbi na Poland. Iyalin sun yi ƙaura zuwa Mandatory Palestine lokacin da take yarinya, kuma Aloni ta girma a [[Tel Abib|Tel Aviv]]. An tura ta [[Makarantar allo|makarantar kwana]] a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu yayin da iyayenta suka yi aiki a cikin Sojojin Burtaniya. A lokacin yakin, ƙanwarta Mordekai [[Kisan kai|ya kashe kansa]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=הילדות הקשה, האם שנטשה, האהוב המת. שיחות עם שולמית אלוני |url=https://www.haaretz.co.il/magazine/2014-01-30/ty-article/.premium/0000017f-e97d-df5f-a17f-fbffad290000 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241207130729/https://www.haaretz.co.il/magazine/2014-01-30/ty-article/.premium/0000017f-e97d-df5f-a17f-fbffad290000 |archive-date=2024-12-07 |access-date=2025-12-26 |website=Haaretz הארץ |language=he |url-status=live }}</ref> Yayinda take matashiya ta kasance memba na ƙungiyar matasa ta Zionist Hashomer Hatzair da Palmach . A lokacin Yakin Larabawa da Isra'ila na 1948, ta shiga cikin gwagwarmayar soja don Tsohon Birni [[Jerusalem|Urushalima]] kuma sojojin Jordan sun kama ta. Bayan kafa jihar Isra'ila, ta yi aiki tare da yara 'yan gudun hijira kuma ta taimaka wajen kafa makarantar yara baƙi. Ta koyar a makaranta yayin da take karatun shari'a.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shulamit Aloni {{!}} Jewish Women's Archive |url=https://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/aloni-shulamit |access-date=2017-12-07 |website=jwa.org |language=en}}</ref> Bayan aurenta a 1952 ga Reuven Aloni, wanda ya kafa Gwamnatin Ƙasar Isra'ila, ta koma Kfar Shmaryahu . Aloni ya shiga Mapai a shekarar 1959. Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin lauya, ta dauki bakuncin shirin rediyo mai suna After Working Hours tana ba da shawara ta shari'a ga talakawa Isra'ilawa kuma ta rubuta ginshiƙai ga jaridar <nowiki><i id="mwSw">Yediot Ahronoth</i></nowiki> da ''LaIsha'' na mako-mako. === Ayyukan siyasa === [[Fayil:Shulamit_Aloni_and_Ze'ev_Sherf_in_the_Knesset.png|thumb|Aloni a cikin Knesset a shekarar 1965.]] A shekara ta 1965, an zabi Aloni a cikin Knesset a cikin jerin sunayen Alignment, kawancen Mapai da Ahdut HaAvoda, kuma daga baya ta kafa Majalisar Abokan Ciniki ta Isra'ila, wacce ta jagoranci shekaru hudu. Kafin Zaben 1969, duk da haka, Alignment ta ki sanya ta a cikin jerin 'yan takara kuma ta rasa kujerarta. Lokacin da ya sake faruwa a 1973, Aloni ya bar jam'iyyar gaba ɗaya kuma ya kafa Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Jama'a, wanda aka fi sani da Ratz . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Beilin |first=Yossi |date=2014-01-27 |title=Remembering Shulamit Aloni: The Barefoot Girl of Israeli Politics |url=https://forward.com/news/191621/remembering-shulamit-aloni-the-barefoot-girl-of-i/ |access-date=2025-12-26 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> Jam'iyyar ta ba da shawarar sake fasalin zabe, rabuwa da addini da jiha da haƙƙin ɗan adam kuma ta lashe kujeru uku a Zaben Knesset na 1973, wanda ya sa Aloni ta zama mace mafi nasara da ta jagoranci jam'iyyar siyasa a Isra'ila. Ratz da farko ta shiga gwamnatin da ke karkashin jagorancin Alignment tare da Aloni a matsayin Minista ba tare da Ofishin ba amma nan da nan ta yi murabus don nuna rashin amincewa da nadin Yitzhak Rafael a matsayin Ministan Addinai. Ratz ya zama Ya'ad - Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama lokacin da MK mai zaman kansa Aryeh Eliav ya shiga jam'iyyar, amma ya koma matsayinsa na asali ba da daɗewa ba, lokacin da Eliav da Ratz memba [[Marcia Freedman]] suka bar rikice-rikice game da dangantaka da Ƙungiyar 'Yanci ta Falasdinu, da kuma yiwuwar Haɗin kai'ad tare da jam'iyyar Moked, zuriyar jam'iyyar Maki ta kwaminisanci.<ref>{{Cite web |title=⁨יעד: משבר־יחסים חמור עם א.אליאב ⁩ &mdash; ⁨⁨דבר⁩ 4 דצמבר 1975⁩ &mdash; הספרייה הלאומית של ישראל │ עיתונים |url=https://www.nli.org.il/he/newspapers/dav/1975/12/04/01/article/19 |access-date=2025-12-26 |website=www.nli.org.il |language=he}}</ref> A cikin shekarun 1970s Aloni ya yi ƙoƙari ya fara tattaunawa mai gudana tare da Falasdinawa da fatan cimma matsaya ta zaman lafiya. A lokacin Yaƙin Lebanon na 1982 ta kafa Cibiyar Zaman Lafiya ta Duniya a Gabas ta Tsakiya . A cikin Zaben 1984, Ratz ya shawo kan sansanin hagu na Isra'ila (jam'iyyar da ta ƙunshi Eliav, Moked, da Majalisar Isra'ila don Zaman Lafiya ta Isra'ila da Palasdinawa) kuma ta haɗa kai da Zaman Lafiya Yanzu don ƙara girman ta a cikin Knesset zuwa kujeru uku. A watan Maris na shekara ta 1988, Aloni ta dauki nauyin wasu dokoki wadanda suka samu nasarar kawar da luwadi a Isra'ila.[1] A Zaben 1988, Aloni ta nuna goyon bayanta ga mafita ta jihohi biyu. A shekara ta 1992, ta jagoranci Ratz cikin kawance tare da Shinui da Mapam don kafa sabuwar jam'iyyar Meretz, wacce ta lashe kujeru 12 a karkashin jagorancinta a zaben a wannan shekarar.[2] Aloni ta zama Ministan Ilimi a karkashin Yitzhak Rabin amma an tilasta mata ta yi murabus bayan shekara guda saboda maganganun da ta yi game da al'amuran addini. A matsayinta na Ministan Ilimi, ta kuma soki tafiye-tafiye da daliban makarantar sakandare na Isra'ila suka shirya zuwa sansanonin Holocaust a kan dalilin da ya sa irin wannan ziyarar ta juya matasan Isra'ila zuwa masu tsattsauran ra'ayi, masu tsattstsauran ra-tsalle, suna mai cewa ɗalibai "yi tafiya tare da tutar da ba a rufe ba, kamar dai sun zo ne don cin nasarar Poland".[3] An sake nada ta Ministan Sadarwa da Kimiyya da Al'adu. Bayan sanya hannu kan Yarjejeniyar Oslo a 1993, Aloni ta bayyana ra'ayinta cewa yarjejeniyar ta kasance mai kyau a kan sikelin tarihi: "Ina jin kamar a ranar 29 ga Nuwamba [ranar Shirin Rarraba Majalisar Dinkin Duniya don Falasdinu]; ba mu san abin da muke nufi ba, amma mun san muna kan hanyar manyan kwanaki. "<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shulamit (Adler) Aloni (Hebrew) |url=http://palmach.org.il/memorial/fighterpage/?itemId=74362 |access-date=5 August 2018 |website=palmach.org.il}}</ref> Bayan kisan kiyashi na Musulmai 29 a Hebron, West Bank a ranar 25 ga Fabrairu, 1994, wanda Baruch Goldstein ya yi, Aloni ya yi kira ga korar Mazauna Yahudawa daga Hebron. Bayan Zaben Knesset na 1996, inda Meretz ta rasa kujeru uku, an kori Aloni daga jagorancin Meretz, tare da zabar Yossi Sarid don ya gaji ta a matsayin shugaban Meretz. Daga nan sai ta yi ritaya daga siyasa. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2014]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1928]] 1jizhp6nmqlwsw1ry84j9khajj1uadw 0 143963 829616 805600 2026-05-04T15:00:29Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829616 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ruth Kark''' (Ibraniyawa; an haife ta a shekara ta 1941) masanin tarihin Isra'ila ne kuma farfesa a fannin ilimin ƙasa a [[Jami'ar Ibraniyawa ta Kudus|Jami'ar Ibrananci ta Urushalima]] . Farfesa Kark sanannen mai bincike ne kuma gwani a fannin tarihin tarihin Falasdinu da Isra'ila. Kark ita ce lambar yabo ta Isra'ila ta 2025 a fagen binciken ƙasa da ilimin ƙasar Isra'ila.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=European Friends of the Hebrew University |date=13 February 2025 |title=The Hebrew University Congratulates Prof. Ruth Kark on Winning the Israel Prize in Geographical Research |url=https://europeanfriends.huji.ac.il/news/hebrew-university-congratulates-prof-ruth-kark-winning-israel-prize-geographical}}</ref> == Tarihin rayuwa == === Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi === An haifi Ruth Kark (née Kleiner) a Herzliya a cikin 1941 ga [[:he:שושנה_קליינר|Shoshana Moczan]] da Avraham Kleiner . Kark ta kammala B.A. a Jami'ar Ibrananci ta Urushalima a shekarar 1964, an ba ta MA a shekarar 1972 kuma ta sami digirin digirin digirinta a shekarar 1977, ta zama mace ta farko da ta fara karatun ilimin ƙasa ta Isra'ila tare da PhD kuma ta fara binciken tarihin tarihi a Falasdinu da ƙasar Isra'ila. *   === Rayuwa ta mutum === Ruth Kark ta auri Jeremy David Kark, tare da ita tana da 'ya'ya uku. == Ayyukan ilimi == Kark ya rubuta kuma ya shirya littattafai 30 kuma ya buga labarai sama da 250 da aka sake dubawa game da tarihi da tarihin tarihin [[Falasdinu]] da Ƙasar Isra'ila.<ref name=":0"/> An san Kark da aikinta a kan tarihin tarihi a Ƙasar Isra'ila a ƙarni na 19 da farkon ƙarni na 20, ci gaban tsoffin birane da sababbin birane a yankin (ciki har da Urushalima, Jaffa, da sauransu), manufofi zuwa [[Ƙasa mai Tsarki|Ƙasar Mai Tsarki]], sayen ƙasa a yankin, da sauransu. Bugu da ƙari, ta wallafa ayyuka game da mata da 'yan tsiraru, 'yan kasuwa na Sepharadic, da kuma mallakar ƙasa a cikin al'adun gargajiya da na zamani a [[Gabas ta Tsakiya]]. Kark sau da yawa ana kawo shi cikin sauraron kotu a Isra'ila a matsayin gwani kan takaddamar ƙasa (kamar tsakanin majami'u daban-daban), kuma a matsayin masanin kimiyya tare da suna a fagen mallakar ƙasa a Isra'ilawa. == Kyaututtuka da karbuwa == Farfesa Kark ya sami tallafin karatu da kyaututtuka da yawa. Wadannan sun hada da lambar yabo ta Bankin Urushalima, tallafin Fulbright (Amurka-Isra'ila), da sauransu daban-daban. A shekara ta 2009, Kark da marubucin Joseph Glass sun sami lambar yabo don bincikensu game da ci gaban banki a Ottoman Palestine . A cikin 2013, an ba Kark kyautar Yakir Yerushalayim (Lambar [[Jerusalem|Urushalima]]) saboda gudummawar da ta bayar ga birnin Urushalima . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=האתר |first=מאת מערכת |title=עיטור יקירת ירושלים לפרופ' רות קרק – האגודה הישראלית ללימודים פמיניסטיים ולחקר המגדר |url=https://gendersite.org.il/2013/02/27/%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A8-%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%AA-%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9D-%D7%9C%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A4-%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%AA-%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%A7/ |access-date=2025-02-23 |language=he-IL |archive-date=2024-01-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240118111348/https://gendersite.org.il/2013/02/27/%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A8-%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%AA-%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9D-%D7%9C%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A4-%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%AA-%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%A7/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Hebrew University of Jerusalem |date=2016 |title=Recognition and Awards |url=https://en.social.huji.ac.il/recognition-and-awards |website=Faculty of Social Sciences, Hebrew University, Mount Scopus}}</ref> A shekara ta 2014, ta sami lambar yabo ta Herzl saboda bincikenta game da sulhu a ƙasar Isra'ila, kuma a shekara ta 2016 an ba ta lambar yabo ta ƙwarewa daga Ƙungiyar Yanayin Isra'ila.<ref name=":3" /> A cikin 2025, an ba Kark babbar lambar yabo ta Isra'ila a fagen binciken ƙasa da ilimin ƙasar Isra'ila. [1] Kwamitin kyautar ya yaba da Kark ta "cikakken, asali, da kuma gudummawa ta musamman".[2][1] Kark ita ce mace ta farko da aka ba da kyautar a fannin Geography. An kuma yaba wa Kark game da sadaukarwarta don ganowa da kuma nuna rawar da mata ke takawa a cikin sulhu da al'umma a yankin.[2] Wannan ya haɗa da aikinta a kan Yahudawa, Kirista, Musulmi Larabawa [3] da Bedouin [4] mata da gudummawarsu.[5][6] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1941]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 75lu1s7pzh5p9cwkr17043w6gslawwt 0 144545 829803 818019 2026-05-05T03:48:08Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829803 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Mount_Stuart_House,_Isle_of_Bute_-_west_view.jpg|thumb|280x280px|Gidan Dutsen Stuart]]{{Databox}} '''Sheina Macalister Marshall''' OBE FRSE FRS (20 April 1896 – 7 April 1977) was a Scottish marine biologist who studied plant and animal plankton. She was an authority on the copepod Calanus. She worked at the [[Tashar Nazarin Ruwa ta Jami'ar Millport|Marine Biological Station]] at Millport, Cumbrae in Scotland from 1922-1964.<ref name="frs">{{Cite journal |last=Russell |first=Frederick |year=1978 |title=Sheina Macalister Marshall. 20 April 1896 – 7 April 1977 |journal=[[Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society]] |volume=24 |pages=368–389 |doi=10.1098/rsbm.1978.0011 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last3=Marilyn Bailey Ogilvie}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Sheina Marshall a ranar 20 ga Afrilu 1896 a Rothesay, [[Scotland]], 'yar ta biyu cikin uku, ga Jean Colville (née Binnie, ''An haife ta'' 1861/2) da John Nairn Marshall (an haife ta a 1860) na Dutsen Stuart House . Mahaifin Marshall, babban likita, yana da sha'awar Tarihin halitta kuma ya karfafa sha'awar 'ya'yansa mata game da batun. Da farko Marshall ta sami ilimi daga masu kula, daga baya ta halarci Kwalejin Rothesay da Makarantar St Margaret a Polmont. A shekara ta 1914 ta shiga Jami'ar Glasgow don yin karatu don BSc a cikin Zoology, [[botany]] da physiology. Bayan katsewa a karatunta saboda yakin duniya na farko ta kammala karatu tare da girmamawa a shekarar 1919. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Sheina Marshall |url=http://www.universitystory.gla.ac.uk/biography/?id=WH1309 |access-date=2016-04-02 |website=The University of Glasgow Story |publisher=University of Glasgow |archive-date=2016-04-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160413020129/http://www.universitystory.gla.ac.uk/biography/?id=WH1309 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ta gudanar da Carnegie Fellowship a Jami'ar daga 1920 zuwa 1922 kuma ta yi aiki tare da farfesa na [[Zoology|Ilimin dabbobi]], John Graham Kerr . <ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> == Ayyuka == A shekara ta 1922, ta yi aiki a Marine Biological Station a Millport a tsibirin Cumbrae inda ta yi aiki har tsawon rayuwarta.<ref name=":2"/> Daga 1928 zuwa 1929 Marshall ya yi tafiya tare da Frederick Stratten Russell da [[John Stacey Colman|J. S. Colman]] a kan Babban Barrier Reef Expedition karkashin jagorancin Maurice Yonge . Marshall ya yi nazarin jerin abinci na ruwa, musamman copepods. Wannan ya zama aikin rayuwarta. Ta yi aiki tare da kusan shekaru 40 tare da likitan magani, Andrew Picken Orr . Tare sun yi nazarin plankton da [[Algae bloom|phytoplankton]] a ciki da kewayen Kogin Clyde da Loch Striven. Sun rubuta littattafai da yawa da takardu da yawa tare. A shekara ta 1934 Marshall ya sami DSc daga Jami'ar Glasgow . <ref name=":0"/><ref name=":2"/> A cikin shekarun 1940 ta yi aiki tare da Lillie Newton da Elsie Conway da kuma Orr don bunkasa shuke-shuke na teku daga ko'ina cikin Burtaniya a matsayin tushen agar don dalilai na magunguna tun lokacin da shigo da kayayyaki daga tushen gargajiya a Gabas ta Tsakiya ya hana Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu.[1] Ta kuma bincika tasirin taki a kan yawan amfanin ruwa a Loch Craiglin . [2] Ta yi ritaya a matsayin Mataimakin Darakta na Tashar a 1964 (an nada ta a wannan mukamin bayan mutuwar Orr, mai rike da mukamin na baya, a 1962). Ta ci gaba da bincike a can a matsayin mai girmamawa.<ref name=":2"/> Tsakanin 1970 da 1971 ta halarci Scripps Institution of Oceanography a [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]] kuma ta ziyarci tashar Marine ta Villefranche-sur-Mer a [[Faransa]] 1974. A shekara ta 1987 ta wallafa tarihin Marine Station . == Rayuwa da mutuwarsa == A waje da aikinta tana jin daɗin tafiya, tafiye-tafiye na ƙasashen waje, aikin zane-zane, shayari da [[kiɗa]]. An dauke ta mai karɓar baƙi, mai daraja da karimci. Ta mutu daga ciwon zuciya a Asibitin Lady Margaret, Millport, Cumbrae a ranar 7 ga Afrilu 1977. Ta ba da gidanta a Millport ga Daraktocin Millport . 'Yan uwanta mata sune Margaret Marshall OBE, Matron a Royal Infirmary na Edinburgh da Dorothy Nairn Marshal MBE, mai kula da gidan kayan gargajiya a Bute . == Daraja == A shekara ta 1949 Marshall, tare da Ethel Dobbie Currie, sun zama mata na farko da aka zaba Fellows na Royal Society na Edinburgh . Masu gabatar da ita sune Sir John Graham Kerr, James Ritchie, Sir Maurice Yonge, Charles Wynford Parsons da Andrew Orr . An ba ta lambar yabo ta Neill a shekarar 1971. A shekara ta 1963 an zabe ta Fellow na Royal Society na London . <ref name="RoySoc-past-members-list">{{Cite web |title=Record |url=https://catalogues.royalsociety.org/CalmView/Record.aspx?src=CalmView.Persons&id=NA5968&pos=1 |access-date=8 March 2021 |website=The Royal Society}}</ref> An ba ta lambar yabo ta Order of the British Empire a shekarar 1966.<ref name=":2"/> A shekara ta 1977 ta sami digiri na girmamawa daga Jami'ar Uppsala, Sweden . <ref name=":1" /> Ginin koyarwa a Scottish Association for Marine Science a Dunbeg an sanya masa suna ne don girmama ta a shekara ta 2010. <ref name="Mapping memorials">{{Cite web |title=The Sheina Marshall Building |url=http://womenofscotland.org.uk/memorials/sheina-marshall-building |access-date=8 March 2021 |website=Mapping Memorials to Women in Scotland}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Marshall ya rubuta labarai na kimiyya sama da 60. * 'Abubuwan Abinci na ''Calanus finmarchicus'' a cikin 1923', Jaridar Kungiyar Biological ta Burtaniya, Vol. 12 (1924), 473-79. * ''A kan ilmin halitta na Calanus finmarchicus . Na takwas.'' , 1955 (tare da Andrew Picken Orr) * The Biology of a Marine Copepod, 1955 (tare da Andrew Picken Orr) * 'Hatsuwa da Abinci a cikin Copepods', Ci gaba a cikin Marine Biology, 1973 * Wani asusun tashar Marine a Millport, 1987 == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1896]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 4kb170tuu3fbgyphmk80h8nwgvgj88f 0 144651 829935 807428 2026-05-05T07:47:29Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829935 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Simona de la Luz Duque de Alzate''' (30 Maris 1773 - 17 Janairu 1858) ɗan juyin juya hali ne na Colombia. Duque 'yar Andrés Duque ce, masu filaye a yankin, da kuma María Rincón. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Un repaso por la historia: Simona Duque de Alzate |url=http://www.marinilla-antioquia.gov.co/apc-aa/view.php3?vid=1090&cmd%5B1090%5D=x-1090-1950070 |access-date=16 May 2016 |website=www.marinilla-antioquia.gov.co }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Ta auri Antonio Alzate. Duque ta zama babbar alama ta Yaƙin 'Yancin Kai na Colombia, ta hanyar haifan 'ya'yanta biyar daga cikin shida ga Laftanar Kanar José María Córdova na wancan lokacin, wanda wannan aikin ya burge shi, kuma ƙaunar ƙasar ta yarda ta haɗa su cikin sojojin 'yan tawaye. Córdova, tana ƙoƙarin nuna ayyukan alheri na Doña Simona, ta rubuta wa Janar Francisco de Paula Santander wasiƙa inda ta lura cewa: "Irin wannan babban siffa ta ƙaunar ƙasa ta cancanci kulawa daga gwamnati" [1] don haka Janar Santander ya ba da umarnin cewa matar ta sami cikakken kuɗin shiga har tsawon rayuwarta godiya ga irin wannan babban siffa ta ƙaunar ƙasarta. Duk da kuma duk da tsufanta, Doña Simona ta ƙi karɓar wannan fansho yayin da take iya aiki, duk da haka, tana fuskantar matsin lamba na wahalarta, a ƙarshe ta yarda. Doña Simona ta mutu a Marinilla a ranar 17 ga Janairu, 1858, tana da shekaru 85. A kan gadon mutuwarta, ɗanta Salvador ya tambaye ta umarnin da za ta bari idan ta mutu, kuma cikin muryar mutuwa, ko da yake a bayyane take, ta ce: Bari 'ya'yana su yi wa ƙasar hidima a duk lokacin da nake buƙatarsu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=un repaso por la historia: Simona Duque de Alzate |url=http://www.marinilla-antioquia.gov.co/apc-aa/view.php3?vid=1090&cmd%5B1090%5D=x-1090-1950070 |access-date=16 May 2016 |website=www.marinilla-antioquia.gov.co }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Manazarta == psetrqq23cojyc8vemhjzqxsk68m6bx 0 144661 829905 807452 2026-05-05T05:43:53Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 5 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829905 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Shirley Ayorkor Botchwey''' (an haife ta a ranar 8 ga watan Fabrairu 1963) 'yar siyasa ce ta ƙasar Ghana, jami'ar diflomasiyya kuma lauya wacce ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatare-janar na bakwai na [[Kasashen common wealth|ƙungiyar gamayya ta ƙasashen duniya]] tun daga ranar 1 ga watan Afrilu 2025. A lokacin naɗinta, ita ce Ministar Harkokin Waje da Haɗin Kan Yankuna ta Ghana. [[Shugaban kasar Ghana|Shugaban ƙasar Ghana]] [[Nana Akufo-Addo]] ya naɗa ta ministar harkokin waje a ranar 10 ga watan Janairu 2017. <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 January 2017 |title=Ayorkor Botchway is Foreign Affairs Minister-Designate |url=http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Ayorkor-Botchway-is-Foreign-Affairs-Minister-Designate-499631 |access-date=2017-01-11 |website=GhanaWeb}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-06-05 |title=Chinese Ambassador Pays Farewell Visit To Foreign Minister |url=https://dailyguidenetwork.com/chinese-ambassador-pays-farewell-visit-to-foreign-minister/ |access-date=2020-06-05 |website=DailyGuide Network |language=en-US}}</ref> A da, ta kasance 'yar majalisar dokoki ta Anyaa-Sowtuom daga shekarun 2013 zuwa 2021 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Parliament of Ghana |url=https://www.parliament.gh/mps?mp=44 |access-date=2026-03-10 |archive-date=2023-11-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231130070528/https://www.parliament.gh/mps?mp=44 |url-status=dead }}</ref> kuma ta taɓa zama Mataimakiyar Ministar Harkokin Waje da Ministar Jiha a Ma'aikatar Albarkatun Ruwa, Ayyuka da Gidaje <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ministry of Water Resources, Works & Housing |url=https://ghana.peacefmonline.com/ghana/ministries/moworks/#:~:text=The%20Ministry%20of%20Water%20Resources,Supply%20and%20Sanitation%20and%20Hydrology. |access-date=2023-06-13 |website=ghana peacefmonline |archive-date=2023-06-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230613164239/https://ghana.peacefmonline.com/ghana/ministries/moworks/#:~:text=The%20Ministry%20of%20Water%20Resources,Supply%20and%20Sanitation%20and%20Hydrology. |url-status=dead }}</ref> a ƙarƙashin [[John Kufuor]]. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 March 2014 |title=Members of Parliament |url=http://www.parliament.gh/parliamentarians/69 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161108163129/http://www.parliament.gh/parliamentarians/69 |archive-date=8 November 2016 |access-date=24 March 2024 |website=www.parliament.gh}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ayorkor Botchway targets 50k victory margin |url=http://www.accrafm.com/1.9507220 |access-date=2016-09-05 |archive-date=2016-09-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160916050446/http://www.accrafm.com/1.9507220 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ita memba ce a Jam'iyyar New Patriotic Party. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haife ta a [[Accra]], Ghana, kuma ta yi karatun sakandare a Makarantar Sakandare ta 'Yan Mata ta St. Mary da ke Korle Gonno. Ta yi karatu a [[Makarantar Kasuwanci ta Jami'ar Ghana]], [[University of Media, Arts and Communication|Cibiyar Jarida ta Ghana]] (GIJ), [[Cibiyar Gudanarwa da Gudanar da Jama'a ta Ghana]] (GIMPA), Kwalejin Pitman's Central, Jami'ar London da Jami'ar Westminster. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Minister – Ministry Of Foreign Affairs and Regional Integration |url=https://mfa.gov.gh/index.php/minister/ |access-date=2021-01-22 |language=en-US}}</ref> Tana da digirin MBA na musamman (zaɓin Gudanar da Ayyuka), MA a Sadarwar Jama'a, Digiri na farko a Shari'a (LLB), Difloma a Hulɗa da Jama'a da Talla da kuma takardar shaidar Gudanar da Talla. == Aikin siyasa == A gwamnatin [[John Kufuor|John Agyekum Kufuor]] wacce ta yi mulki tsakanin shekarun 2001 da 2009, Botchwey ta yi aiki a fannoni daban-daban ciki har da mataimakiyar ministar harkokin waje, mataimakiyar ministan bayanai da kuma mataimakiyar ministan ciniki da masana'antu. Ta kasance 'yar majalisa na tsawon wa'adi huɗu, da farko ta wakilci mazaɓar da ta fi yawan jama'a a Ghana, Weija, sannan daga baya, Anyaa/Sowtuom wanda aka cire daga Weija kafin zaɓen shekara ta 2012. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Minister – Ministry Of Foreign Affairs and Regional Integration |url=https://mfa.gov.gh/index.php/minister/ |access-date=2021-01-22 |language=en-US}}</ref> Botchwey ta zaɓi kin tsayawa takara a karo na biyar a Majalisar Dokoki a zaɓen shekarar 2020. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-02-25 |title=Shirley Ayorkor Botchwey pulls out of Anyaa-Sowutuom NPP primaries |url=https://theindependentghana.com/2020/02/shirley-ayorkor-botchwey-pulls-out-of-anyaa-sowutuom-npp-primaries/ |access-date=2020-04-25 |website=The Independent Ghana |language=en-GB |archive-date=2024-09-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240925103006/https://theindependentghana.com/2020/02/shirley-ayorkor-botchwey-pulls-out-of-anyaa-sowutuom-npp-primaries/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> A matakin jam'iyya, ta yi aiki a matsayin mai magana da yawun harkokin waje tsakanin shekarar 2009 da 2013. A wannan lokacin, ta kasance memba mai matsayi a Kwamitin Zaɓen 'Yan Majalisa kan Harkokin Waje, sannan daga baya ta zama Kwamitocin Naɗi, Tsaro da na Cikin Gida na Majalisar. Ta kasance memba a Majalisar [[Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arzikin Ƙasashen Afirka ta Yamma|ECOWAS]] daga shekarun 2013 zuwa 2017, ta yi aiki tare da abokan aikinta don taimakawa Majalisar Al'umma a cikin rawar da take takawa wajen la'akari da batutuwan da suka shafi yankin musamman kan batutuwan da suka shafi 'yancin ɗan adam da 'yanci na asali, yayin da take ba da shawarwari ga cibiyoyi da hukumomin ECOWAS. Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakiyar Shugaba a Kwamitin NEPAD & APRM. Kafin ta janye aikinta na shekaru goma sha shida a matsayin 'yar majalisa, Shirley ta kasance memba a Kwamitin Sadarwa da kuma Kwamitin Jinsi da Yara na Majalisar inda ta yi aiki tare da abokan aikinta don duba batutuwan da suka shafi sadarwa da kuma duba dukkan batutuwan da suka shafi jinsi da yara don tabbatar da cewa an haɗa su cikin duk dokokin da suka dace. A ranar 21 ga watan Janairu 2021, shugaban Ghana, [[Nana Akufo-Addo|Nana Akuffo-Addo]], ya zaɓe ta a matsayin ministar harkokin waje da haɗin kan yankuna. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 January 2021 |title=Akufo-Addo presents first list of ministers for his second term to parliament - MyJoyOnline.com |url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/akufo-addo-presents-first-list-of-ministers-for-his-second-term-to-parliament/ |access-date=2021-01-22 |website=Myjoyonline. |language=en-US}}</ref> A ranar 26 ga watan Oktoba, 2024, an zaɓi Botchwey a matsayin Sakatare Janar na Ƙungiyar [[Kasashen common wealth|Ƙasashen Duniya ta Commonwealth]] a taron Shugabannin Gwamnatin Commonwealth na 2024 a [[Samoa]]. <ref>{{Cite web |date=October 26, 2024 |title=Commonwealth announces Ghana foreign minister as new secretary general |url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20241025-commonwealth-announces-ghana-foreign-minister-as-new-secretary-general |website=[[France 24]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=CHOGM 2024: Incoming Secretary-General of the Commonwealth Announced |url=https://thecommonwealth.org/news/chogm2024/incoming-secretary-general-announced |access-date=15 November 2024 |website=Commonwealth |language=en}}</ref> Wa'adin aikinta ya fara ne a ranar 1 ga watan Afrilu, 2025. Ita ce 'yar Ghana ta farko da ta riƙe wannan matsayi. == Kasuwanci da aikin shari'a == Kafin ta shiga harkokin siyasa a gaba, Botchwey ta gudanar da wani kamfanin tallatawa da sadarwa inda ta kasance mai ba da shawara ga Ma'aikatar Yawon Buɗe Ido. Ita ce kuma babbar darakta ta Dynacom Limited. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ghana MPs - MP Details - Botchwey, Shirley Ayorkor |url=http://www.ghanamps.com/mps/details.php?id=5457 |access-date=2020-12-08 |website=Ghana MPs}}</ref> A matsayinta na mai gudanar da harkokin gwamnati, ta yi aiki da ƙungiyoyi daban-daban kamar Worldspace Ghana, Kwamitin Aiwatar da Zuba Jari, Binciken Glaxo Group da kuma Hodge Recruitment. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Shirley Ayorkor Botchwey, Biography |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/person/Shirley-Ayorkor-Botchwey-2425 |access-date=2021-01-22 |website=ghanaweb}}</ref> Ta zama lauya a watan Oktoban 2023 lokacin da aka kira ta zuwa lauya a matsayin lauya kuma lauya a Ghana. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Arthur |first=Abigail |date=20 October 2023 |title=Foreign Affairs Minister Shirley Ayorkor Botchwey called to the Bar |url=https://citinewsroom.com/2023/10/foreign-affairs-minister-shirley-ayorkor-botchwey-called-to-the-bar/ |access-date=2024-10-29 |website=Citi NewsRoom |language=en-US}}</ref> Botchwey ta kasance Shugabar Majalisar Ministocin [[Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arzikin Ƙasashen Afirka ta Yamma|ECOWAS]] kuma Ministar Harkokin Waje da Haɗin Kan Yankuna na Ghana. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Arhinful |first=Ernest |last2=Ann-Shirley Ziwu |date=2021-09-15 |title=Guinea coup: Alpha Condé still in shock – Ayorkor Botchwey |url=https://citinewsroom.com/2021/09/guinea-coup-alpha-conde-still-in-shock-ayorkor-botchwey/ |access-date=2021-09-16 |website=Citinewsroom.com |language=en-US}}</ref> Ita ce Sakatare Janar na 7 na Commonwealth, mace ta farko daga nahiyar Afirka da ta taka rawar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-10-26 |title=Shirley Ayorkor Botchwey Ghana minister emerge secretary-general of Commonwealth of nations |url=https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/articles/c5yx3n1l2d5o |access-date=2024-10-29 |website=BBC News Pidgin}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Asare |first=Wilberforce |date=2024-10-28 |title=Namibian President, Nangolo Mbumba congratulates new Commonwealth S.C. Shirley Ayorkor Botchwey |url=https://www.asaaseradio.com/namibian-president-nangolo-mbumba-congratulates-new-commonwealth-s-c-shirley-ayorkor-botchwey/ |access-date=2024-10-29 |website=Asaase Radio |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Narh |first=William |date=2024-10-28 |title=Ghana’s Ayorkor Botchwey arrives after historic election as Commonwealth Secretary-General |url=https://citinewsroom.com/2024/10/ghanas-ayorkor-botchwey-arrives-after-historic-election-as-commonwealth-secretary-general/ |access-date=2024-10-29 |website=Citi NewsRoom |language=en-US}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Shirley Ayorkor Botchwey uwa ce mai 'ya'ya biyu tilo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-02-11 |title=I am a grandmother and single - Shirley Ayorkor-Botchwey |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/I-am-a-grandmother-and-single-Shirley-Ayorkor-Botchwey-1177615 |access-date=2021-02-11 |website=ghanaweb |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Shirley Ayorkor Botchwey – Foreign Affairs - Government of Ghana |url=http://www.ghana.gov.gh/index.php/governance/60-ministers/3411-shirley-ayorkor-botchwey-foreign-affairs |access-date=2019-05-13 |website=Government of Ghana |archive-date=2019-05-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190513161914/http://www.ghana.gov.gh/index.php/governance/60-ministers/3411-shirley-ayorkor-botchwey-foreign-affairs |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ita 'yar Anglican ce. == Duba kuma == * Jerin ministocin harkokin waje a shekarar 2017 * Jerin ministocin harkokin waje na yanzu == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1963]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 4l5m9rmpjqndde7j5wcmabfvc3ai8j6 0 144751 829768 807660 2026-05-05T00:53:43Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829768 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Selamawit Kassa''' (Amharic: ሰላማዊt ካሳ) 'yar siyasar ƙasar Habasha ce wacce a halin yanzu take riƙe da muƙamin ministar yawon buɗe ido tun daga shekarar 2024. Ta kasance mataimakiyar ministar ayyukan sadarwar gwamnati daga ranar 31 ga watan Oktoba 2021. == Muƙaman gwamnati == Selamawit Kassa ta kasance Ministar Ayyukan Sadarwa ta Gwamnati daga ranar 31 ga watan Oktoba 2021. <ref>{{Cite web |title=ሰላማዊት ካሣ፤ ከጋዜጠኛነት ወደ ሚኒስትር ደኤታነት |url=https://www.sbs.com.au/language/amharic/am/podcast-episode/interview-with-selamawit-kassa-journalism-and-politics/shpjub59i |access-date=2024-10-29 |website=SBS Language |language=am}}</ref> A ranar 18 ga watan Oktoba 2024, an naɗa Selamawit a matsayin Ministar Al'adu da Yawon Buɗe Ido wanda daga baya Majalisar Wakilan Jama'a (HoPR) ta amince da shi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ethiopia's House of Peoples Representatives Approves Appointment of Five Ministers |url=https://www.ena.et/web/eng/w/eng_5370293 |access-date=2024-10-29 |website=ENA English |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-10-29 |title=House of Peoples’ Representatives approves appointment of five new ministers |url=https://www.fanabc.com/english/house-of-peoples-representatives-approves-appointment-of-five-new-ministers/ |access-date=2024-10-29 |website=Welcome to Fana Broadcasting Corporate S.C |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=PM Abiy Appoints Three Ministers |url=https://ebc.et/english//newsdetails.aspx?newsid=8114 |access-date=2024-10-29 |website=ebc.et }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Account |date=2024-10-18 |title=Ethiopian PM Appoints Husband and Wife as Foreign and Justice Ministers |url=https://borkena.com/2024/10/18/ethiopian-pm-appoints-husband-and-wife-as-foreign-and-justice-ministers/ |access-date=2024-10-29 |website=Borkena Ethiopian News |language=en-US}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] q8avho91gi7c9anc9s6lieqdykbbak1 0 144832 829745 807895 2026-05-04T22:22:55Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829745 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Cquote|...seeks to elucidate the principles of protein structure evolution, higher order [[protein structure]] and [[protein folding]], and the principles underlying protein complex formation and organization. We have a longstanding interest in understanding [[gene expression]] regulation, and in our wetlab at the Sanger Institute use mouse [[T helper cell]]s as a model of [[cell differentiation]].<ref name=rteich>{{cite web|url=https://www.ebi.ac.uk/research/teichmann|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130402163004/http://www.ebi.ac.uk/research/teichmann|date=2013|publisher=European Bioinformatics Institute|archive-date=2013-04-02|title=Teichmann group Research EMBL-EBI}}</ref>}}{{Databox}} '''Sarah Amalia Teichmann''' (an haife ta a ranar 15 ga Afrilu 1975) <ref name="cv">{{Cite web |last=Teichmann |first=Sarah |date=2007 |title=Sarah Amalia Teichmann PhD MA BA (Hons cantab) CV |url=http://www.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/genomes/Sarah/bio_teich07.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130226050525/http://www.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/genomes/Sarah/bio_teich07.pdf |archive-date=2013-02-26 |website=mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk |publisher=Laboratory of Molecular Biology}}</ref> masanin kimiyya ne na Jamus, tsohon shugaban kwayar halitta a Cibiyar Wellcome Sanger <ref name="welcome">{{Cite web |title=Dr Sarah Teichmann, FMedSci, Head of Cellular Genetics |url=http://www.sanger.ac.uk/people/directory/teichmann-sarah |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415075045/http://www.sanger.ac.uk/people/directory/teichmann-sarah |archive-date=2016-04-15 |publisher=sanger.ac.uk}}</ref> kuma jagorar ƙungiyar bincike mai ziyara a Cibiyar Bioinformatics ta Turai (EMBL-EBI). <ref name="authorfile">{{Cite journal |last=Marx |first=Vivien |year=2016 |title=The Author File: Sarah Teichmann |journal=Nature Methods |volume=13 |issue=4 |page=279 |doi=10.1038/nmeth.3808 |issn=1548-7091 |pmid=27203785 |s2cid=205424792 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Tana aiki a matsayin darektan bincike (daidai da Farfesa) a cikin Laboratory na Cavendish, Farfesa a Jami'ar Cambridge da Cibiyar Nazarin Kwalejin Cambridge, kuma babban jami'in bincike ne a Kwalejin Churchill, Cambridge. <ref name="reader">{{Cite web |last=Anon |year=2013 |title=Job titles and duties at the University of Cambridge |url=http://www.cam.ac.uk/research-staff/employment-and-career-management/employment-and-career-management-scheme/researchers-employment-policies-and-protocols/job-titles-and-duties |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130703200917/http://www.cam.ac.uk/research-staff/employment-and-career-management/employment-and-career-management-scheme/researchers-employment-policies-and-protocols/job-titles-and-duties |archive-date=2013-07-03 |publisher=University of Cambridge}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Anon |year=2015 |title=Dr Sarah Teichmann FMedSci |url=http://www.tcm.phy.cam.ac.uk/profiles/sat1003/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150912194932/http://www.tcm.phy.cam.ac.uk/profiles/sat1003/ |archive-date=2015-09-12 |website=tcm.phy.cam.ac.uk}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=People – Churchill College |url=https://www.chu.cam.ac.uk/people/view/sarah-teichmann/ |website=www.chu.cam.ac.uk }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name="conversation">{{Cite journal |last=Dhillon |first=Paraminder |last2=Teichmann |first2=Sarah A. |year=2019 |title=In conversation with Sarah Teichmann |journal=[[The FEBS Journal]] |volume=286 |issue=8 |pages=1445–1450 |doi=10.1111/febs.14806 |issn=1742-464X |pmid=31012289 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Teichmann ta yi karatu a Makarantar Turai, Karlsruhe a Jamus daga 1981 zuwa 1993 inda ta kammala karatun Baccalaureate na Turai a 1993. <ref name="febs">{{Cite web |last=Anon |year=2015 |title=Sarah Teichmann: 40th FEBS Congress - The Biochemical Basis of Life - Berlin, Germany |url=http://www.febs2015.org/Sarah-Teichmann.996.0.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150220171117/http://www.febs2015.org/Sarah-Teichmann.996.0.html |archive-date=2015-02-20 |publisher=Federation of European Biochemical Societies}}</ref> Teichmann ya ci gaba da karatun Tripos na Kimiyya na Halitta a Kwalejin Trinity, Cambridge kuma an ba shi digiri na farko na Bachelor of Arts a shekarar 1996. A shekara ta 1999, ta kammala digirinta na PhD wanda Cyrus Chothia ke kula da shi a Laboratory na Molecular Biology (LMB) kan juyin halitta. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Chothia |first=C |author-link=Cyrus Chothia |last2=Gough |first2=J |author-link2=Julian Gough (scientist) |last3=Vogel |first3=C |last4=Teichmann |first4=S. A. |author-link4=Sarah Teichmann |year=2003 |title=Evolution of the protein repertoire |journal=Science |volume=300 |issue=5626 |pages=1701–3 |bibcode=2003Sci...300.1701C |doi=10.1126/science.1085371 |pmid=12805536 |s2cid=27681885}}</ref> == Ayyuka da bincike == Bayan ta PhD, Teichmann ta yi bincike na postdoctoral wanda Janet Thornton ke kula da shi a Kwalejin Jami'ar London <ref name="authorfile"/> kuma ta sami tallafin Beit Memorial Fellowships for Medical Research. Daga 2001-2012, ta kasance Jagora na Shirin Binciken Kiwon Lafiya (MRC), tana nazarin alamu a cikin hulɗar furotin da hanyoyin sadarwar sarrafawa.<ref name="pmid15193307|noedit">{{Cite journal |last=Babu |first=M. M. |last2=Luscombe |first2=N. M. |last3=Aravind |first3=L |last4=Gerstein |first4=M |author-link4=Mark Bender Gerstein |last5=Teichmann |first5=S. A. |author-link5=Sarah Teichmann |year=2004 |title=Structure and evolution of transcriptional regulatory networks |journal=[[Current Opinion (Elsevier)|Current Opinion in Structural Biology]] |volume=14 |issue=3 |pages=283–91 |citeseerx=10.1.1.471.9692 |doi=10.1016/j.sbi.2004.05.004 |pmid=15193307}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Luscombe |first=N. M. |last2=Babu |first2=M. M. |last3=Yu |first3=H |last4=Snyder |first4=M |last5=Teichmann |first5=S. A. |author-link5=Sarah Teichmann |last6=Gerstein |first6=M |author-link6=Mark Bender Gerstein |year=2004 |title=Genomic analysis of regulatory network dynamics reveals large topological changes |journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]] |volume=431 |issue=7006 |pages=308–12 |bibcode=2004Natur.431..308L |doi=10.1038/nature02782 |pmid=15372033 |s2cid=4391278}}</ref> A cikin 2013 an nada Teichmann a matsayin matsayi na hadin gwiwa a Cibiyar Wellcome Trust Sanger da Cibiyar Bioinformatics ta Turai (EMBL-EBI). Daga 2005 zuwa 2015 ta yi aiki a matsayin malamin da kuma darektan karatu a Kwalejin Trinity, Cambridge . Tun daga shekara ta 2016 Teichmann ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban Cellular Genetics a Cibiyar Wellcome Trust Sanger <ref name="welcome"/> da kuma jagora na ƙungiyar bincike a EBI. Binciken Teichmann yayi bincike kan bayyanar kwayoyin halitta [3] da kuma tarin furotin [4] ta amfani da duka dakin gwaje-gwaje da fasahar ilmin halitta.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Carninci |first=P |last2=Kasukawa |first2=T |last3=Katayama |first3=S |last4=Gough |first4=J |author-link4=Julian Gough (scientist) |last5=Frith |first5=M. C. |last6=Maeda |first6=N |last7=Oyama |first7=R |last8=Ravasi |first8=T |last9=Lenhard |first9=B |last10=Wells |first10=C |last11=Kodzius |first11=R |last12=Shimokawa |first12=K |last13=Bajic |first13=V. B. |last14=Brenner |first14=S. E. |author-link14=Steven E. Brenner |last15=Batalov |first15=S |display-authors=29 |year=2005 |title=The transcriptional landscape of the mammalian genome |journal=Science |volume=309 |issue=5740 |pages=1559–63 |bibcode=2005Sci...309.1559F |doi=10.1126/science.1112014 |pmid=16141072 |s2cid=8712839}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=((Drosophila 12 Genomes Consortium)) |last2=Clark |first2=A. G. |last3=Eisen |first3=M. B. |author-link3=Michael Eisen |last4=Smith |first4=D. R. |last5=Bergman |first5=C. M. |last6=Oliver |first6=B |last7=Markow |first7=T. A. |last8=Kaufman |first8=T. C. |last9=Kellis |first9=M |last10=Gelbart |first10=W |last11=Iyer |first11=V. N. |last12=Pollard |first12=D. A. |last13=Sackton |first13=T. B. |last14=Larracuente |first14=A. M. |last15=Singh |first15=N. D. |display-authors=29 |year=2007 |title=Evolution of genes and genomes on the Drosophila phylogeny |journal=Nature |volume=450 |issue=7167 |pages=203–18 |bibcode=2007Natur.450..203C |doi=10.1038/nature06341 |pmid=17994087 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Wilson |first=D |last2=Charoensawan |first2=V |last3=Kummerfeld |first3=S. K. |last4=Teichmann |first4=S. A. |year=2008 |title=DBD--taxonomically broad transcription factor predictions: New content and functionality |journal=Nucleic Acids Research |volume=36 |issue=Database issue |pages=D88–92 |doi=10.1093/nar/gkm964 |pmc=2238844 |pmid=18073188}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Perica |first=T |last2=Kondo |first2=Y |last3=Tiwari |first3=S. P. |last4=McLaughlin |first4=S. H. |last5=Kemplen |first5=K. R. |last6=Zhang |first6=X |last7=Steward |first7=A |last8=Reuter |first8=N |last9=Clarke |first9=J |author-link9=Jane Clarke (scientist) |last10=Teichmann |first10=S. A. |author-link10=Sarah Teichmann |year=2014 |title=Evolution of oligomeric state through allosteric pathways that mimic ligand binding |journal=Science |volume=346 |issue=6216 |doi=10.1126/science.1254346 |pmc=4337988 |pmid=25525255}}</ref> Musamman ƙungiyar bincikenta: Binciken Teichmann ya sami tallafi daga Majalisar Bincike ta Turai (ERC), Majalisar Binciken Kiwon Lafiya (MRC), Majalisar Bishirin Kimiyya da Kimiyya ta Biology (BBSRC), <ref name="rcuk">{{Cite web |last=Anon |year=2015 |title=UK Government research grants awarded to Sarah Teichmann |url=http://gtr.rcuk.ac.uk/person/E7D7D43E-7A50-4275-A7D7-CBCA7E9D5E16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150303105747/http://gtr.rcuk.ac.uk/person/E7D7D43E-7A50-4275-A7D7-CBCA7E9D5E16 |archive-date=2015-03-03 |publisher=[[Research Councils UK]]}}</ref> Wellcome Trust, Ƙungiyar Biology ta Turai (EMBO), Shirye-shiryen Tsarin Mulki don Bincike da Ci gaban Fasaha da Haɗin Kai na Turai a Kimiyya da Fasaha (COST). <ref name="febs"/> Ya zuwa 2015 Teichmann ya kula da daliban PhD da yawa zuwa kammala<ref name="teichalum">{{Cite web |last=Teichmann |first=Sarah |date=2015 |title=Alumni from Sarah Teichmann's Group |url=https://www.ebi.ac.uk/~saraht/people.html |archive-url=https://archive.today/20240527054958/https://www.webcitation.org/6WUCOq6D4?url=https://www.ebi.ac.uk/~saraht/people.html |archive-date=2024-05-27 |publisher=European Bioinformatics Institute}}</ref><ref name="febs"/> ciki har da [[M. Madan Babu|Madan Babu]], Varodom Charoensawan Subhajyoti De Jay Han, Sarah Kay Kummerfeld Tina Perica, da Jing Su, da kuma masu bincike da yawa waɗanda suka ci gaba da zama Babban masu bincike (PIs).<ref name="febs" />[3]<ref name="boris">{{Cite journal |last=Adryan |first=B |last2=Teichmann |first2=S. A. |year=2010 |title=The developmental expression dynamics of Drosophila melanogaster transcription factors |journal=[[Genome Biology]] |volume=11 |issue=4 |pages=R40 |doi=10.1186/gb-2010-11-4-r40 |pmc=2884543 |pmid=20384991 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="jorg">{{Cite journal |last=Gsponer |first=J |last2=Futschik |first2=M. E. |last3=Teichmann |first3=S. A. |last4=Babu |first4=M. M. |year=2008 |title=Tight regulation of unstructured proteins: From transcript synthesis to protein degradation |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |volume=322 |issue=5906 |pages=1365–8 |bibcode=2008Sci...322.1365G |doi=10.1126/science.1163581 |pmc=2803065 |pmid=19039133}}</ref><ref name="daniel">{{Cite journal |last=Hebenstreit |first=D |last2=Gu |first2=M |last3=Haider |first3=S |last4=Turner |first4=D. J. |last5=Liò |first5=P |last6=Teichmann |first6=S. A. |year=2011 |title=EpiChIP: Gene-by-gene quantification of epigenetic modification levels |journal=[[Nucleic Acids Research]] |volume=39 |issue=5 |pages=e27 |doi=10.1093/nar/gkq1226 |pmc=3061070 |pmid=21131282}}</ref> === Kyaututtuka da girmamawa === Teichmann ya lashe kyaututtuka da yawa. A shekara ta 2010, an ba ta lambar yabo ta Colworth daga Cibiyar Biochemical . <ref name="heirloom">{{Cite web |last=Anon |year=2012 |title=Honour and heirloom for Sarah Teichmann |url=http://www2.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/honour-and-heirloom-for-sarah-teichmann/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150303105307/http://www2.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/honour-and-heirloom-for-sarah-teichmann/ |archive-date=2015-03-03 |publisher=Laboratory of Molecular Biology}}</ref><ref name="womenatcambridge">{{Cite web |last=Anon |year=2015 |title=Women at Cambridge: Sarah Amalia Teichmann |url=http://www.cam.ac.uk/women-at-cambridge/profiles/sarah-a-teichmann |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150220162433/http://www.cam.ac.uk/women-at-cambridge/profiles/sarah-a-teichmann |archive-date=2015-02-20 |publisher=University of Cambridge}}</ref> A cikin 2012, an ba Teichman lambar yabo ta Francis Crick da Lacca, memba na Ƙungiyar Kwayoyin Kwayoyin Turai (EMBO) da Kyautar Lister daga Cibiyar Lister ta Kiwon Lafiya. Ta lashe lambar yabo ta Suffrage Science a shekarar 2012. <ref name="heirloom" /> A shekara ta 2015 an ba ta lambar yabo ta Michael da Kate Bárány ga matasa masu bincike ta Biophysical Society da kuma lambar yabo ta EMBO Gold.<ref name="biophysics">{{Cite web |title=Biophysical Society Names 2015 Award Recipients |url=http://www.biophysics.org/Portals/1/PDFs/Press%20Room/2014/2015%20Award%20Recipients%20press%20release.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141004183808/http://www.biophysics.org/Portals/1/PDFs/Press%20Room/2014/2015%20Award%20Recipients%20press%20release.pdf |archive-date=4 October 2014 |access-date=8 March 2015 |publisher=Biophysical Society}}</ref> An zabi Teichmann a matsayin Fellow na Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Kiwon Lafiya (FMedSci) a shekarar 2015. Magana game da zaben ta ce: Teichmann yana da 'ya'ya mata biyu.[1] Teichmann ita ce marubuciyar littafin ilimin harshe na yara Teenage Detectives, wanda ta rubuta tun tana matashiya tare da mahaifiyarta Dr. Virginia Teichmann, malamin jami'ar Turanci a Karlsruhe. [2][3] A cikin 2022, Teichmann ta haɗu a cikin samar da fim na gwaji Constellations, wanda 'yar'uwarta, mai zane Esther Teichmann, da mai zane Christopher Stewart suka samar a matsayin binciken Human Cell Atlas. Fim din ya sami tallafin kudi daga Wellcome Trust a matsayin wani ɓangare na One Cell a lokacin tallafin jama'a.[4][5] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1975]] ghnopavufg3m6i5v4y9f499lfnjd2a5 0 144837 829909 807900 2026-05-05T05:46:42Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829909 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Shirley Marie Tilghman''' OC FRS (/ˈtɪlmən/; née '''Caldwell'''; an haife ta 17 Satumba 1946) masanin ilimin halittu ne na Kanada. Ita farfesa ce a fannin ilmin halitta da manufofin jama'a kuma shugabar Jami'ar Princeton ce. Ta yi aiki a matsayin shugaban 19 na Jami'ar Princeton daga Yuni 2001 zuwa Yuli 2013. Tilghman ya kasance memba na bangaren Princeton na shekaru goma sha biyar kafin a nada shi shugaban kasa. Ta koma kwalejin Princeton a matsayin farfesa a fannin ilmin halitta.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Directory &#124; Lewis-Sigler Institute |url=https://lsi.princeton.edu/people/faculty |website=lsi.princeton.edu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Profiles |url=https://molbio.princeton.edu/faculty/molbio-faculty/137-tilghman |website=molbio.princeton.edu |access-date=2026-03-11 |archive-date=2019-03-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190319020241/https://molbio.princeton.edu/faculty/molbio-faculty/137-tilghman |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ta kasance shugabar kungiyar American Society for Cell Biology ta shekarar 2015. A shekara ta 2002, mujallar Discover ta ''Gano'' ta a matsayin daya daga cikin mata 50 mafi muhimmanci a kimiyya. == Rayuwa ta farko da iyali == Tilghman an haife ta Shirley Marie Caldwell, a [[Toronto|Toronto, Ontario]], Kanada . Yayinda take yarinya, mahaifinta ya karfafa sha'awarta ga lissafi. Tare, su biyun za su buga wasannin lissafi a matsayin lokacin barci, maimakon raba labarun lokacin barci.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Goodman |first=Daniel |date=2019 |title=Find Your Path: Unconventional Lessons from 36 Leading Scientists and Engineers |url=https://mitpress.mit.edu/9780262537544/find-your-path/ |access-date=2025-03-19 |website=MIT Press |pages=211–20 |language=en-US}}</ref> Ta kammala karatu daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Kelvin a [[Winnipeg]], Manitoba <ref>{{Cite web |title=PAW September 12, 2001: Features |url=https://www.princeton.edu/paw/archive_new/PAW01-02/01-0912/features1.html |website=www.princeton.edu}}</ref> kuma ta sami lambar yabo ta B.Sc. a cikin ilmin sunadarai daga Jami'ar Sarauniya a Kingston, Ontario, a shekarar 1968. Ta kasance malamar makarantar sakandare a [[Saliyo]], Afirka ta Yamma, a cikin Shirin Ayyukan Jami'ar Kanada (CUSO). <ref>{{Cite web |title=From the Lab to the Corner office |url=https://www.princeton.edu/paw/archive_new/PAW01-02/01-0912/features1.html}}</ref> Tilghman ta sami Ph.D. a cikin ilmin sunadarai daga Jami'ar Haikali a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, a karkashin Richard W. Hanson . Tilghman ita ce ɗaliban digiri na farko na Hanson.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Case Western Reserve Office of the Provost Distinguished University Professor Current Recipients |url=http://case.edu/provost/universityprofessor/current-recipients/RichardWHanson.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140319184838/http://case.edu/provost/universityprofessor/current-recipients/RichardWHanson.html |archive-date=2014-03-19 |access-date=2015-08-31}}</ref> An yi taken rubutun PhD, "The Hormonal Regulation of Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase . " == Bincike == Ayyukan Tilghman a cikin kwayoyin halitta sun mayar da hankali kan tsarin kwayoyin halitta yayin ci gaba, musamman a fagen kwayar halitta. A lokacin karatun postdoctoral a Cibiyar Kula da Lafiya ta Kasa, Tilghman ya yi bincike da yawa yayin da yake memba na ƙungiyar da ta kwace kwayar halitta ta farko. Ta ci gaba da nuna cewa an haɗa kwayar halitta ta globin, binciken da ya taimaka wajen tabbatar da wasu ra'ayoyin juyin juya hali da ke fitowa game da halayyar kwayar halitta. A matsayinsa na mai bincike mai zaman kansa a Cibiyar Ciwon daji ta Fox Chase a Philadelphia daga 1980 zuwa 1986 kuma mataimakin farfesa na Human Genetics a Jami'ar Pennsylvania Tilghman ya ci gaba da samun ci gaban kimiyya.[1] Tilghman ya tafi Jami'ar Princeton a 1986 a matsayin Howard A. Farfesa na Kimiyya na Rayuwa. Shekaru biyu bayan haka, ta kuma shiga Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Howard Hughes a matsayin mai bincike.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shirley M. Tilghman |url=https://www.hhmi.org/scientists/shirley-m-tilghman |website=HHMI}}</ref> Ta kasance jagora a cikin amfani da beraye don fahimtar halayyar kwayoyin halitta ta hanyar binciken tasirin Shigar da kwayoyin halitta a cikin kwayoyin halitta. An tsara jerin takardun bincike na Tilghman da aka buga a shafin yanar gizon gwamnatin PubMed na National Library of Medicine na Amurka, sashen NLM na Cibiyoyin Lafiya na Kasa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tilghman SM - Search Results - PubMed |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?cmd=Search&db=pubmed&term=Tilghman+SM |website=PubMed}}</ref> == Shugaban Jami'ar Princeton == [[Fayil:The-Making-of-a-President-An-Interview-with-Shirley-Tilghman-pgen.0020082.sv001.ogv|thumbtime=4|thumb|A 2006 interview with Tilghman on her presidency]] Tilghman ya gaji [[Harold T. Shapiro|Harold Tafler Shapiro]] kuma ya zama shugaban 19 na Jami'ar Princeton a shekara ta 2001. An zabe ta a matsayin mace ta farko a matsayin shugabar Princeton a ranar 5 ga Mayu, 2001, kuma ta hau mulki a ranar 15 ga Yuni, 2001. A karkashin gwamnatinta, jami'ar ta gina kwalejin zama na shida, mai suna don girmama tsohuwar jami'a [[Meg Whitman]], don karɓar fadada kashi 11 cikin 100 na ɗaliban ɗalibai (ƙaruwar wasu ɗalibai 500), kamar yadda kwamitin na musamman na Kwamitin Amintattun da Paul M. Wythes ke jagoranta ya ba da shawarar. A cikin 2012, Tilghman ta ba da sanarwar cewa za ta sauka daga shugabancin ta a watan Yunin 2013. Jami'ar jami'ar ta gaje ta, Christopher L. Eisgruber. Ga Tilghman, Princeton yana da muhimman manufofi guda biyu. "Daya shine tabbatar da cewa ƙofofinmu suna buɗewa kamar yadda zai yiwu ga kowane ɗalibi mai basira a duniya wanda ke iya yin aiki tuƙuru da muke nema daga gare su. Kuma wannan yana nufin kiyaye jajircewarmu ga taimakon kuɗi, wanda shine kayan aiki - kayan aiki mai mahimmanci - don samun waɗannan ɗalibai zuwa Princeton. Kuma abu na biyu shi ne cewa dole ne mu magance matsalolin da suka fi muhimmanci, kuma mu tura iyakokin ilimi, kuma ba kawai a cikin kimiyya da fasaha ba, amma a cikin manufofin zamantakewa, da kuma a cikin fahimtar yanayin jama'a. " == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1946]] m0kwz8av75xknzchhpg9o41n88fgugx 0 144878 829924 807987 2026-05-05T06:39:17Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829924 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sibongile Ndlela-Simelane''' ta kasance Ministar Lafiya ta [[Eswatini]] daga shekarun 2013 zuwa 2018 a ƙarƙashin gwamnatin Barnabas Sibusiso Dlamini.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=News :: The Swaziland News |url=https://www.swazilandnews.co.za/fundza.php?nguyiphi=2974 |access-date=2022-11-15 |website=www.swazilandnews.co.za}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |title=Swaziland likely to be first to eliminate malaria in southern Africa |url=https://www.news24.com/life/wellness/body/condition-centres/malaria/all-about-prevention/swaziland-likely-to-be-first-to-eliminate-malaria-in-southern-africa-20151118 |access-date=2022-11-15 |magazine=Life |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Lansford |first=Tom |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VCFoDwAAQBAJ&dq=Sibongile+Ndlela-Simelane&pg=PA2021-IA460 |title=Political Handbook of the World 2018-2019 |date=2019-03-19 |publisher=CQ Press |isbn=978-1-5443-2711-2 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Lansford |first=Tom |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PdWTBwAAQBAJ&dq=Sibongile+Ndlela-Simelane&pg=PA1407 |title=Political Handbook of the World 2015 |date=2015-03-24 |publisher=CQ Press |isbn=978-1-4833-7158-0 |language=en}}</ref> A lokacin da take minista, ta jagoranci yin kira da a yi amfani da darussa daga martanin cutar kanjamau a kudancin Afirka don magance zazzaɓin cizon sauro. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mbulo |first=Edwin |date=1 May 2015 |title=Eswatini: Health Minister - HIV Response Can Help Tackle Malaria in Southern Africa |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201505050076.html}}</ref> Ta kuma ba da umarnin gudanar da bincike kan cutar tarin fuka ta duniya a shekarar 2017. <ref>{{Cite web |title=World TB Day: Swazis Unite to end TB and HIV |url=https://www.afro.who.int/news/world-tb-day-swazis-unite-end-tb-and-hiv |access-date=2022-11-15 |website=WHO {{!}} Regional Office for Africa |language=en}}</ref> A shekarar 2018 ta nemi a kama wani ɗan jaridar ''Eswatini Observer'' wanda ya ɗauki hotunan motocin ministocin gwamnati. <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 July 2018 |title=Eswatini: Minister Demands Journalist's Arrest |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201807170135.html}}</ref> Ta kuma ba da umarnin sabbin ofisoshi ga majalisar kula da ma'aikatan jinya ta Swaziland. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Swaziland Nursing Council Inaugurates New Office {{!}} HFG |url=https://www.hfgproject.org/swaziland-nursing-council-opens-new-office-meeting-space/ |access-date=2022-11-15 |language=en-US |archive-date=2022-11-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221115210005/https://www.hfgproject.org/swaziland-nursing-council-opens-new-office-meeting-space/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> A shekarar 2022, an naɗa ta a matsayin shugabar hukumar sadarwa ta Eswatini (ESSCOM). <ref name=":0"/> Ndlela-Simelane ta girma a cikin iyali mai iyaye ɗaya kuma ta sanar a shekarar 2015 a Cocin Bulandzeni na Nazarene cewa ba ta taɓa haɗuwa da mahaifinta ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Times Of Swaziland |url=http://www.times.co.sz/news/105056-i%E2%80%99m-still-looking-for-my-dad-%E2%80%93-minister-sibongile.html |access-date=2022-11-15 |website=www.times.co.sz}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 1ssobqwmnhoe40qezh3rdty0tp0wcvr 0 144980 829610 817792 2026-05-04T14:03:28Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829610 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ruby Onyinyechi Amanze''' Listenⓘ{{Efn|Amanze stylizes her name without capitals.<ref name=about>{{Cite web|url=http://rubyamanze.com/about|title=About|website=rubyamanze.com|language=en|access-date=26 September 2023|archive-date=26 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230926211747/https://www.rubyamanze.com/about|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} (an haife ta a shekara ta 1982), 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Burtaniya da aka haifa a Najeriya da aka sani da [[Zane|zane-zane]] da ayyuka a kan takarda wanda ke mai da hankali kan al'adun al'adu ko "bayan mulkin mallaka ba na kasa ba. " <ref name="10 Female Artists of Color">{{Cite web |last=Stafford Davis |first=Jessica |date=22 March 2016 |title=10 Female Artists of Color |url=https://www.theroot.com/10-female-artists-of-color-on-the-rise-1790854732 |access-date=1 February 2018 |website=The Root |publisher=Gizmoda Media Group}}</ref> Baya ga kasancewa mai zane-zane, ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin malami da mai kula da kulawa. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Curator and Artist Ruby Onyinyechi Amanze on the Ancient, Universal Language of Drawing |url=http://www.artspace.com/magazine/interviews_features/ruby_onyinyechi_amanze |access-date=2019-03-16 |website=Artspace |language=english}}</ref> Tana zaune a Brooklyn, New York . == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Amanze a [[Najeriya]] a shekarar 1982. Ta girma ne a [[Birtaniya|Ƙasar Ingila]], ta zauna a can na tsawon shekaru 13 kafin ta zo [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]] a shekara ta 2004 lokacin da ta koma Philadelphia. Ta sami digiri na BA ''M.F.A">summa cum laude'' daga Makarantar Fasaha ta Tyler a Jami'ar Haikali ta Philadelphia a shekara ta 2004. <ref name="Habitat: Ruby Onyinyechi Amanze">{{Cite journal |last=McMahon |first=Katherine |date=8 August 2015 |title=Habitat: Ruby Onyinyechi Amanze |url=http://www.artnews.com/2015/08/13/habitat-ruby-onyinyechi-amanze/ |journal=ARTnews |access-date=1 February 2018}}</ref> Ta sami digiri na MFA daga Cranbrook Academy of Art, a Bloomfield Hills, Michigan . <ref name="artdaily">{{Cite web |title=First solo exhibition by ruby onyinyechi amanze opens at Tiwani Contemporary |url=http://artdaily.com/news/76614/First-solo-exhibition-by-ruby-onyinyechi-amanze-opens-at-Tiwani-Contemporary#.WnOagBTzRhU |access-date=1 February 2018 |website=ArtDaily |publisher=}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Hotunan Amanze, tawada da [[Zane|zane-zane]], sau da yawa an haɗa su da canja wurin hoto, halittu masu haɗari ne da ke cikin wurare masu yawa, suna iyo a cikin fararen sararin takarda. Masu zane-zane na Najeriya da tarihin zane-zane sun rinjaye ta sosai.<ref name="Artspace">{{Cite web |last=Corbett, Rachel |date=26 November 2013 |title=Curator and Artist Ruby Onyinyechi Amanze on the Ancient, Universal Language of Drawing |url=https://www.artspace.com/magazine/interviews_features/expert_eye/ruby_onyinyechi_amanze-51862 |access-date=10 March 2018 |website=Artspace |language=en}}</ref> Hotunan da ta yi na kafofin watsa labarai sun kasance a kan manufar ƙaura da al'adun al'adu.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Museum |first=The Jewish |date=2018-02-05 |title=Black History Month: Picturing Black Love within the Jewish Experience |url=https://stories.thejewishmuseum.org/black-history-month-picturing-black-love-within-the-jewish-experience-e891a00e0ae4 |access-date=2019-03-03 |website=The Jewish Museum}}</ref> Zane ya zama matsakaiciyar matsakaiciyarta, tare da Amanze yana bayyana shi a matsayin "ko da yaushe sake kirkirar kansa".<ref name="Artspace"/> Duk da aiki tare da matsakaici daban-daban, duk sassanta na yanzu suna da alaƙa da zane, matsakaici da aka fi so tun tana yarinya. Sai kawai a kwaleji ta bar zane a matsayin matsakaiciyar matsakaiciyarta, a maimakon haka ta fi dacewa da fasahar daukar hoto da masana'antu.<ref name=":0"/> An rinjayi ta hanyar zane-zane, daukar hoto, buga-bugawa da gine-gine, aikinta yana nuna sauye-sauyen al'adu, damuwa, da kuma ainihi, wanda aka yi wahayi zuwa gare ta ta "tunanin-tare" na Najeriya. <ref name="marianeibrahim.com">{{Cite web |title=Mariane Ibrahim Gallery {{!}} ruby onyinyechi amanze |url=http://marianeibrahim.com/artists/ruby-onyinyechi-amanze |access-date=10 March 2018 |website=marianeibrahim.com |language=en-US}}</ref> Wadannan ayyukan suna bincika ma'anar motsi da wanzuwar tsakanin wurare, suna haifar da jin daɗin gida da marmarin.<ref name="Gleeson" /> == Kyaututtuka da mazauna == Amanze ta sami Fulbright Fellowship a shekarar 2012, <ref name="artdaily"/> kuma ta sami lambar yabo ta Fulbright Scholars Award for Teaching / Bincike a [[Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka|Jami'ar Najeriya]], [[Nsukka]] (2013). <ref name="marianeibrahim.com"/> Daga 2015 zuwa 2016 Amanze ya kasance mai halartar Open Sessions a Cibiyar Zane, New York . <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Drawing Center {{!}} New York, NY {{!}} Open sessions {{!}} Artists 2016-2017 {{!}} ruby onyinyechi amanze |url=http://www.drawingcenter.org/en/drawingcenter/574/open-sessions/1375/artists-2016-2017/1395/ruby-onyinyechi-amanze/ |access-date=24 February 2018 |website=www.drawingcenter.org |language=en}}</ref> Amanze ta kasance mai zane-zane a Cooper Union School of Art a New York, NY a cikin 2011, Majalisar Al'adu ta Lower Manhattan daga 2014 zuwa 2015, [1] Fountainhead Residency a Miami, Florida a cikin 2015, da kuma Queens Museum a Queens, New York, daga 2016 zuwa 2017.[2] == Zaɓuɓɓukan nune-nunen == Amanze ya nuna a duniya. Nuni na kansa ya hada da: * har ma akwai moonbeams da za mu iya bayyana (2018) a Goodman Gallery, [[Cape Town|Cape Town, Afirka ta Kudu]] * ''Ruwa Mai Gishiri'' (2015) a Goodman Gallery, [[Johannesburg|Johannesburg, Afirka ta Kudu]] <ref name="Goodman Gallery">{{Cite web |title=ruby onyinyechi amanze / Salt Water / 2015 |url=http://www.goodman-gallery.com/exhibitions/590 |access-date=1 February 2018 |website= |publisher=Goodman Gallery }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> * astroturf rufin picnics (2015) a Morgan Lehman Gallery, New York, NY <ref>{{Cite web |title=resume – ruby amanze |url=http://rubyamanze.com/resume |access-date=10 March 2018 |website=rubyamanze.com |language=en |archive-date=11 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180311140607/http://rubyamanze.com/resume |url-status=dead }}</ref> * ''wani labari. a wasu sassan.'' (2015) a Tiwani Contemporary, London, Burtaniya <ref name="artdaily"/> * The Armory Show Focus (2016) a Mariane Ibrahim Gallery, [[Seattle|Seattle, WA]] * ''Star FISH'' (2017) a Smack Mellon, Brooklyn, NY <ref name="Art F City">{{Cite web |last=Farley |first=Michael Anthony |date=9 January 2017 |title=This Week's Must-See Art Events: Rejoice! Our Times Are Intolerable and Nasty Women Are Front-and-Center |url=http://artfcity.com/2017/01/09/this-weeks-must-see-art-events-rejoice-our-times-are-intolerable-and-nasty-women-are-front-and-center/ |access-date=2 February 2018 |publisher=Art F City |archive-date=7 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241207122831/http://artfcity.com/2017/01/09/this-weeks-must-see-art-events-rejoice-our-times-are-intolerable-and-nasty-women-are-front-and-center/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Tarin abubuwa == Ana gudanar da aikin Amanze a cikin tarin dindindin ciki har da: * Deutsche Bank, London, Burtaniya * Gidan Tarihin Yahudawa, New York, Amurka * Gidan kayan gargajiya na Studio a Harlem, New York, Amurka * Tarin Microsoft * Gidauniyar Al'adu ta Montblanc == Dubi kuma == * Jerin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo na mata na Najeriya == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1982]] bduwgt7558zgt1jplkkufn1mnqng3mn 0 145172 830048 808879 2026-05-05T09:41:48Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 830048 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Somadina''' Listen ⓘ (an haife ta a ranar 22 ga Maris 2000) mawaƙiya ce kuma marubuciya 'yar Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 October 2022 |title=Somadina…The Rebirth of Africa's Songbird |url=https://editor.guardian.ng/life/somadinathe-rebirth-of-africas-songbird/ |access-date=2023-04-03 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News – Nigeria and World News |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-04-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230403235447/https://editor.guardian.ng/life/somadinathe-rebirth-of-africas-songbird/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ta fara aikinta na waƙa a hukumance a shekarar 2018 da waƙarta ta farko mai suna "IHY" wacce ke nufin " ''Ina ƙinka'' ". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Onabanjo |first=Adedamola |date=17 August 2018 |title=Somadina Takes A Deep Dive Into Her Emotions |url=https://culturecustodian.com/somadina-takes-a-deep-dive-into-her-emotions/ |access-date=2023-04-03 |website=The Culture Custodian (Est. 2014.) |language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref name="thenativemag.com">{{Cite web |title=Somadina: The nomadic teenager spreading her wings one bop at a time |url=https://thenativemag.com/featured/somadina-nomadic-teenager-spreading-wings-one-bop-time/ |access-date=2023-04-03 |website=The NATIVE |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Maris na 2023, an sanar da ita a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mawakan Afirka da za su yi wasa a bikin kiɗan Amurka, Lollapalooza Chicago tare da mawakan Najeriya, [[Tems]] da [[Rema (musician)|Rema]] <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=21 March 2023 |title=Lollapalooza lineup 2023: Kendrick Lamar, Billie Eilish and Red Hot Chili Peppers |url=https://www.yahoo.com/lifestyle/lollapalooza-lineup-2023-kendrick-lamar-181400483.html |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Yahoo Life |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Placko |first=Dane |date=21 March 2023 |title=Lollapalooza 2023 lineup: Kendrick Lamar, Billie Eilish, Red Hot Chili Peppers among summer fest headliners |url=https://www.fox32chicago.com/news/lollapalooza-2023-lineup-kendrick-lamar-billie-eilish-red-hot-chili-peppers-among-summer-fest-headliners |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=FOX 32 Chicago |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=21 March 2023 |title=Lollapalooza lineup 2023: Kendrick Lamar, Billie Eilish and Red Hot Chili Peppers |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/entertainment/music/ct-ent-lollapalooza-chicago-2023-lamar-billie-eilish-20230321-3g5zvfepuzdctgke2fv354sjbq-story.html |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Chicago Tribune}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Somadina a [[Port Harcourt]], [[Najeriya]] a ranar 22 ga Maris 2000 ga iyayenta 'yan Najeriya. Tana da shekaru ɗaya, ta ƙaura zuwa [[Holand|Netherlands]] saboda mahaifinta yana aiki a can. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 October 2022 |title=Get To Know: Somadina |url=https://www.newwavemagazine.com/single-post/get-to-know-somadina |access-date=2023-04-03 |website=www.newwavemagazine.com}}</ref> Bayan karatun sakandare a Makarantar St. George, Ascot, wata makarantar kwana ta 'yan mata masu zaman kansu da kuma makarantar kwana a Berkshire, Ingila, ta ƙaura zuwa London, Ingila inda ta sami digiri na jami'a a fannin zamantakewa daga Jami'ar Warwick . Bayan ta sami digiri a Landan, ta koma Najeriya don ci gaba da aikinta na kiɗa gaba ɗaya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 January 2022 |title=Meet Somadina, Nigeria's Musical Finest — Raydar Magazine |url=https://raydarmagazine.com/meet-somadina-nigerias-musical-finest/ |access-date=2023-04-03 |website=raydarmagazine.com |language=en-US}}</ref> Kwarewarta ta waƙa yawanci ta fara ne tun tana ƙarama saboda ƙaunar da mahaifinta yake yi wa waƙa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 January 2022 |title=Ten Nigerian Artistes To Watch In 2022 |url=https://editor.guardian.ng/life/music/ten-nigerian-artistes-to-watch-in-2022/ |access-date=2023-04-03 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News – Nigeria and World News |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=12 Nigerian Artists to Watch in 2023 – OkayAfrica |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/nigerian-music-artists-watch-2023/ |access-date=2023-04-03 |website=www.okayafrica.com |language=en}}</ref> Ta girma a cikin iyali mai sha'awar kiɗa, ta rubuta waƙarta ta farko tana da shekaru bakwai kuma ta fara ɗaukar darussan kiɗa tana da shekaru tara. Wani malamin kiɗa na Rasha ne ya koya mata yadda ake buga piano. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Aromolaran |first=Michael |date=30 September 2022 |title=Somadina is Not Just A Musician; She is an Artist |url=https://culturecustodian.com/somadina-is-not-just-a-musician-she-is-an-artist/ |access-date=2023-04-03 |website=The Culture Custodian (Est. 2014.) |language=en-GB}}</ref> Tana da shekaru goma sha uku, ta zama mai wasan kwaikwayo tare da wasan kwaikwayo na farko da ta yi a bainar jama'a a bikin cika shekaru 40 na mahaifiyarta. <ref name="thenativemag.com"/> == Aikin kiɗa == === 2018–2021: Fara aiki === Somadina ta fara aikinta na waƙa a hukumance a shekarar 2018. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Staff |first=Notion |date=24 February 2023 |title=Somadina: "My Voice is my Engine" |url=https://notion.online/somadina-interview/ |access-date=2023-04-03 |website=Notion |language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Adebiyi |first=Adeayo |date=13 March 2023 |title=Women's History Month 2023: 10 fast-rising female artists to watch out for [Editor's Pick] |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/womens-history-month-2023-10-fast-rising-female-artists-to-watch-out-for/62mmylw |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Pulse Nigeria |language=en}}</ref> Ta fara fitar da waƙarta ta farko mai suna "IHY" wacce ke nufin "I hate you" a watan Oktoban 2018, waƙar rabuwa da aka yi rikodin ta a ɗakin studio. <ref>{{Cite web |title=The 15 Most Exciting Artists For 2023 |url=https://dmy.co/features/the-15-most-exciting-artists-for-2023 |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=dmy.co |language=en-GB}}</ref> Ba da daɗewa ba ta fara kamfaninta mai zaman kansa, "Somadina Sounds" tare da haɗin gwiwar Chin Okeke . A shekarar 2019, ta fitar da waƙar mai suna "Lay Low" wacce ta ƙunshi Orinayo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 January 2023 |title=FEATURE: Spotlight: Somadina |url=https://www.musicmusingsandsuch.com/musicmusingsandsuch/2022/12/29/feature-spotlight-somadina |access-date=2023-04-03 |website=Music Musings & Such |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Fabrairun 2020, ta fara fitar da shirinta na farko mai waƙoƙi 5 mai taken "Five Stages". <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 February 2020 |title=Somadina steps out with five stages |url=https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/somadina-steps-out-with-five-stages/ |access-date=2023-04-03 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News – Nigeria and World News |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Makinde |first=Tami |date=14 February 2020 |title=Essentials: Somadina takes us through the 'Five Stages' of grief in her debut EP |url=https://thenativemag.com/essentials-somadina-five-stages-grief-debut-ep/ |access-date=2023-04-03 |website=The NATIVE |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 February 2020 |title=5 Stages of Perfection: SOMADINA's Debut EP |url=https://www.morebranches.com/somadinas-debut-ep/ |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=MoreBranches |language=en-US}}</ref> Duk da haka, ''Five Stages'' ba fitowar talla ba ce kuma ba ta samuwa a SoundCloud. A watan Disamba na 2020, Somadina ta fitar da wani waƙar mai suna "Kno Me" wacce ke ɗauke da SGaWD. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Onabanjo |first=Adedamola |date=23 December 2020 |title=Somadina And SGawD Are Femme Fatales On 'Kno Me' |url=https://culturecustodian.com/somadina-featuring-sgawd-kno-me/ |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=The Culture Custodian (Est. 2014.) |language=en-GB}}</ref> A watan Oktoban 2021, ta sanar da wani waka mai suna 'Supersoma' <ref>{{Cite web |last=Alake |first=Motolani |date=29 October 2021 |title=Somadina returns with new single, 'Supersoma' |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/somadina-returns-with-new-single-supersoma/8nhpfvg |access-date=2023-04-03 |website=Pulse Nigeria |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=31 January 2023 |title=Somadina Is Here {{!}} Latest Afropunk Music Blog is Live |url=https://afropunk.com/2023/01/somadina-is-here/ |access-date=2023-04-03 |website=AFROPUNK |language=en-US}}</ref> === 2022–2023: Zuciyar Sama Mai Ban Mamaki === A watan Nuwamba na 2022, Somadina ta fitar da shirinta na EP mai suna "Heart of the Heavenly Undeniable" (HOTHU), <ref>{{Cite web |last=Esomnofu |first=Emmanuel |date=23 November 2022 |title=A 1-Listen Review of Somadina's Debut EP, 'Heart Of The Heavenly Undeniable' |url=https://thenativemag.com/1-listen-review-somadina-hothu/ |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=The NATIVE |language=en-US}}</ref> wanda ya ƙunshi waƙoƙi 11 ciki har da ''Small Paradise'', ''Time 2 Time'' da ''Dirty Line'' . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Wonderland Staff |date=30 November 2022 |title=Somadina Talks Her New EP "Heart Of The Heavenly Undeniable" |url=https://www.wonderlandmagazine.com/2022/11/30/new-noise-somadina/ |access-date=2023-04-03 |website=Wonderland |language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 December 2022 |title=Somadina and the sweet danger of the heavenly undeniable |url=https://www.pan-african-music.com/somadina-heavenly-undeniable/ |access-date=2023-04-03 |website=PAM – Pan African Music |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Robin |date=24 November 2022 |title=Somadina's New Project 'Heart Of The Heavenly Undeniable' Is Exceptional {{!}} News |url=https://www.clashmusic.com/news/somadinas-new-project-heart-of-the-heavenly-undeniable-is-exceptional/ |access-date=2023-04-03 |website=Clash Magazine Music News, Reviews & Interviews}}</ref> Ta ƙaddamar da shirin EP da wani baje kolin sauti na HOTHU na musamman a babban baje kolin fasaha na Afirka, [[Bikin ART X Legas|ART X.]] Ba da daɗewa ba aka gudanar da wani baje kolin London a kulob ɗin Kindred Member da kuma wani biki na saki a Soho House Berlin, wanda ya kawo ƙarshen bikin tallata ta ga CKay a Koko da ke Landan '''.''' <ref>{{Cite web |title=CKay London – Koko – Nov 20, 2022 – United Kingdom |url=https://www.jambase.com/show/ckay-koko-20221120 |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=JamBase |language=en-US}}</ref>''' '''Domin bikin bikin, ta fitar da wakar mai taken "YI Want You". <ref>{{Cite web |title=Somadina Shares New Single "Y I Want U," {{as written|Annou|ces [sic]}} Debut EP |url=https://www.turntablecharts.com/news/632 |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=www.turntablecharts.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Somadina: Y I Want U |url=https://flmag.co.uk/article/somadina-y-i-want-u/ |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Frontline Magazine |language=en-GB}}</ref> Ta ƙunshi mawaka kamar Zamir, The Cavemen da Odunsi the Engine, kuma an fitar da ita a ƙarƙashin ''Somadina Sounds'' . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Okim |first=Itty |date=11 March 2023 |title=Interview: Somadina – Beyond walls and boxes – Digimillennials |url=https://digimillennials.com/lifestyle-culture/interview-somadina-beyond-walls-and-boxes/ |access-date=2023-04-04 |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Satumba na 2022, ta fitar da waƙar mai suna "Rolling Loud". [1] [2] Wannan shine fitowarta ta farko a hukumance a ƙarƙashin kamfaninta mai zaman kansa, Somadina Sounds . A watan Oktoba a wannan shekarar, ta fitar da remix-EP na Rolling Loud . [3] Fim ɗin ya ƙunshi remix guda 6 daga waƙoƙin DJ da suka haɗa da Afirka da kuma al'ummomin da ke zaune a ƙasashen waje, ciki har da Jelani "Pops" Shaw, TNK Musiq (wanda aka fi sani da Kyle da T-man), DJ Van da kuma DJ mai rufe fuska na Ghana, TSKD. A watan Maris na 2023, an sanar da ita a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mawakan Najeriya da za su yi wasa a Lollapalooza Chicago ta 2023 tare da [[Tems]] da [[Rema (musician)|Rema]] <ref name=":0"/> <ref name=":1"/> <ref name=":2"/> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mukherjee |first=Soumyajyoti |date=22 March 2023 |title=Chicago Lollapalooza 2023 |url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/pop-culture/chicago-lollapalooza-2023-date-lineup-tickets-buy-explored |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=www.sportskeeda.com |language=en-us}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 2000]] obpxug7hjouxj6kq4z3ve1fj0coqnm6 0 145253 830066 818090 2026-05-05T10:06:46Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 830066 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sophie Lihau-Kanza''' ko '''Zala Lusibu N'Kanza''' (8 ga Fabrairu 1940 - 2 ga Afrilu 1999) 'yar siyasa ce kuma masaniyar zamantakewa ta ƙasar Congo. Ita ce mace ta farko a ƙasarta da ta sami ilimin sakandare, ta farko da ta kammala karatu daga jami'a, kuma ta farko da ta riƙe ofishin gwamnati a [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kongo]], ta yi aiki a matsayin Ministar Harkokin Jama'a daga ranar 31 ga watan Oktoba 1966 zuwa ranar 6 ga watan Disamba 1970. A rayuwarta ta ƙarshe ta riƙe muƙamai a [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]]. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Sophie Kanza a ranar 8 ga watan Fabrairu, 1940 a [[Kinshasa|Léopoldville]], [[Belgian Congo|ƙasar Beljium Congo]], ta zama ta shida cikin 'ya'ya bakwai <ref name="auzias&labourdette139">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Auzias|Labourdette|2015}}</ref> <ref name="lephare">{{Cite web |last=Luka |first=Michel |date=27 March 2015 |title=Une messe de suffrages en mémoire de Marcel Lihau et Sophie N'Kanza |url=http://www.lephareonline.net/une-messe-de-suffrages-en-memoire-de-marcel-lihau-et-sophie-nkanza/ |access-date=9 December 2016 |website=Le Phare |language=fr |archive-date=5 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160505211736/http://www.lephareonline.net/une-messe-de-suffrages-en-memoire-de-marcel-lihau-et-sophie-nkanza/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> ga Élisabeth Mansangaza da Daniel Kanza. <ref name="group">{{Cite web |date=6 April 2015 |title=Samedi dernier au Sacré-Cœur de la Gombe: Pensée pieuse en mémoire de Marcel Lihau et Sophie Kanza |url=http://groupelavenir.org/samedi-dernier-au-sacre-coeur-de-la-gombe-pensee-pieuse-en-memoire-de-marcel-lihau-et-sophie-kanza/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161226060534/https://groupelavenir.org/samedi-dernier-au-sacre-coeur-de-la-gombe-pensee-pieuse-en-memoire-de-marcel-lihau-et-sophie-kanza/ |archive-date=26 December 2016 |access-date=15 December 2016 |publisher=[[Groupe L'Avenir]] |language=fr}}</ref> Ta sami yawancin karatunta na firamare da sakandare a [[Brazzaville]], [[Kwango ta Faransa|ƙasar Faransa Congo]]. {{Sfn|Little|1973}} A lokacin da Beljium Congo ta sami 'yancin kai a shekarar 1960, Kanza ita ce mace ɗaya tilo a ƙasar da ta yi karatun sakandare. Daga ƙarshe ta kammala karatunta a makarantar sakandare ta ''Lycée du Sacré Cœur'' (Sacred Heart High School) a watan Yunin 1961. <ref name="Coquery-Vidrovitch143">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Coquery-Vidrovitch|1997}}</ref> {{Efn|The ''Lycée du Sacré Cœur'' was a boys school, but Kanza graduated from there because the girls school she attended in the Congo had closed following the departure of many Belgian educators from the country in 1960.{{sfn|Little|1973|p=208}}}} A shekarar 1964, ta zama mace ta farko 'yar ƙasar Congo da ta kammala karatunta daga jami'a {{Sfn|Fox|2011}} lokacin da ta sami takardar shaidar difloma daga [[Jami'ar Geneva]] da digiri a [[Kimiyar al'umma|fannin zamantakewa]]; Ta yi aiki a wannan sashen na jami'ar a matsayin mataimakiyar malamar makaranta har zuwa shekara ta 1966. <ref name="auzias&labourdette139" /> {{Sfn|Little|1973}} Kanza ta yi karatu a [[Jami'ar Harvard]] daga shekarun 1973 zuwa 1976, inda ta sami digiri na biyu da kuma digirin digirgir a fannin zamantakewa. <ref name="forum">{{Cite web |last=Nduka |first=Abadengo |date=11 April 2011 |title=L'Observateur - 1ère universitaire congolaise et 1ère femme ministre : Mme Sophie Lihau Kanza remémorée |url=http://www.congoforum.be/fr/nieuwsdetail.asp?subitem=3&newsid=176262&Actualiteit=selected |access-date=9 December 2016 |website=Congo Forum |language=fr |archive-date=20 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220093336/http://www.congoforum.be/fr/nieuwsdetail.asp?subitem=3&newsid=176262&Actualiteit=selected |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Aikin siyasa == A ranar 31 ga watan Oktoba, 1966, aka naɗa Kanza Ministar Harkokin Jama'a, {{Sfn|Lang|2010}} ta zama mace ta farko a ƙasar da ta riƙe muƙamin gwamnati. <ref name="LaFontaine222">{{Harvard citation no brackets|LaFontaine|1986}}</ref> Naɗinta ya zo ne yayin da take neman digirin digirgir a Jami'ar Geneva, amma ta ƙare karatunta don fara aiki. Ta shafe mafi yawan lokacinta na farko a ofis tana nazarin gwagwarmayar ma'aikatar don biyan buƙatun jama'a. Ta kuma yi kira ga samar da daidaiton damar ilimi ga maza da mata, kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin wakiliya a taron [[Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Afirka|ƙungiyar haɗin kan Afirka]] da aka yi a Kinshasa (wanda a da ake kira Léopoldville) a shekarar 1967. {{Sfn|Little|1973}} An naɗa ta memba a ofishin siyasa na [[Yunkurin Jama'a na Juyin Juya Halin|ƙungiyar Movement of African Unity de la Révolution]] a ranar 13 ga watan Oktoba, 1967. {{Sfn|Lang|2010}} An kore ta daga muƙamin Ministar Harkokin Jama'a a wani sauye-sauye da aka yi wa majalisar ministoci a ranar 6 ga watan Disamba, 1970. Daga 1973 zuwa 1977, Kanza ta kasance memba a kwamitin amintattu na Cibiyar Horarwa da Bincike ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya (UNITAR). Ta kasance Mataimakiyar Darakta Janar na [[UNESCO|Hukumar Ilimi, Kimiyya da Al'adu ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] (UNESCO) daga shekarun 1981 zuwa 1985, kuma Shugabar Ofishin Jakadanci ga Darakta Janar na UNESCO daga shekarun 1985 zuwa 1988. <ref name="lephare"/> <ref name="forum"/> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Kanza ta auri Marcel Lihau, shugaban Kotun Koli ta gaba, a ranar 26 ga watan Disamba, 1964, kuma sun haifi 'ya'ya mata shida. <ref name="lephare"/> Duk da haka, ya gudu daga zaluncin siyasa a Congo kuma sun shafe mafi yawan rayuwarsu ta ƙarshe a ware. {{Sfn|Fox|2011}} A shekarar 1998, Kanza ta yi hatsarin mota a [[Faris|birnin Paris]], kuma ta zama gurguwa . Bayan haka, ta bar aikinta a [[UNESCO]] ta yi tafiya zuwa ƙasashen waje don kare naƙasassu. <ref name="ips">{{Cite web |last=Kambale |first=Juakali |date=15 July 2004 |title=Pantheon of National History Expands to Include Women |url=http://www.ipsnews.net/2004/07/politics-drc-pantheon-of-national-history-expands-to-include-women/ |access-date=9 December 2016 |website=Inter Press Service}}</ref> == Mutuwa da Martaba == Kanza ta yi fama da bugun zuciya <ref name="auzias&labourdette139">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Auzias|Labourdette|2015}}</ref> kuma ta mutu a ranar 2 ga watan Afrilu 1999. An binne ta a yankin Luozi. <ref name="group"/> A shekara ta 2004, an shigar da Kanza cikin Pantheon of National History na Congo, ɗaya daga cikin mata na farko da aka ba wa girmamawa. An nuna ƙirjinta a cikin Gallery of Memory. <ref name="ips"/> An sanya wa "Cercle Sophie Kanza", wata ƙungiyar farfesoshi mata a Congo suna don girmama ta. Uku daga cikin 'ya'yan Kanza mata sun shirya wani gagarumin taro na godiya don girmama kanta da mijinta a [[Gombe, Kinshasa|Gombe]] a ranar 28 ga watan Maris 2015. Manyan 'yan siyasa da dama sun halarci bikin, ciki har da Léon Kengo da José Endundo Bononge. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Enyimo |first=Martin |date=31 March 2015 |title=Hommage: une messe d'action de grâces en mémoire de Marcel Lihau et Sophie N'Kanza |url=http://www.adiac-congo.com/content/hommage-une-messe-daction-de-graces-en-memoire-de-marcel-lihau-et-sophie-nkanza-30121 |access-date=12 February 2017 |publisher=Agence d'information d'afrique centrale |language=fr}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1999]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1940]] ozs34vrauwynwwpuzeioovm162pi9i7 0 145384 830059 809542 2026-05-05T09:51:12Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 830059 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sonia M'barek''' ( {{Lang|ar|سنية مبارك}}, wanda aka rubuta '''Sonia Mbarek''', 1969 &#x2013;) mawaƙiya ce 'yar ƙasar Tunisiya mai waƙoƙin Larabci na gargajiya da sauran nau'ikan waƙoƙi masu alaƙa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Qui est Sonia M'Barek, la nouvelle ministre de la Culture ? |url=https://www.baya.tn/type/a-la-une/qui-est-sonia-mbarek-la-nouvelle-ministre-de-la-culture/}}</ref> Ta kasance Ministar Al'adu daga watan Janairu zuwa Agusta 2016. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Biographie de Sonia M'barek, ministre de la Culture |url=https://www.businessnews.com.tn/biographie-de-sonia-mbarek-ministre-de-la-culture,525,61511,3 |access-date= |website= |archive-date=2024-09-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240922135620/https://www.businessnews.com.tn/biographie-de-sonia-mbarek-ministre-de-la-culture,525,61511,3 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi M'barek a Sfax, Tunisia. Tana da shekaru tara, ta rera waƙoƙin gargajiya na Tunisiya ( ''malouf'' ) tare da Gidan Wasan Kwaikwayo na Municipal na Tunis, ƙarƙashin jagorancin Tahar Gharsa. Tana da shekaru 12, ta fara fitowa a talabijin, tana fassara "Ahkili aliha ya baba", waƙar yara da Adnène Chaouachi ya tsara kuma ya yi. Nasarar wannan waƙar ta tura M'barek cikin fagen fasaha. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chant nomade de la Méditerranée |url=http://www.jeuneafrique.com/203991/culture/chant-nomade-de-la-m-diterran-e/}}</ref> == Ilimi == Ta kasance ɗaliba a Kwalejin Kiɗa ta Ƙasa da ke Tunis, ta sami digiri a fannin kiɗan Larabci a shekarar 1986, kuma a shekarar 1987, tare da mawaƙiya Rachid Yeddes, ta sami kyautar mafi kyawun waƙa a bikin Festival de la Chanson Tunisienne (don "Khali el hozn baîd alik"). A shekarar 1990, ta cimma wani aiki da aka yi wahayi zuwa gare shi daga kiɗan duniya, mai suna "Musiques sans frontières" ("Music without bonds"), wanda ta gabatar a bikin International d'Hammamet. == Aiki == A shekarar 1992, M'barek ta fitar da kundin waƙoƙin ta na farko, ''Liberté''. Tsakanin shekarun 1993 da 1993, ta yi aiki cikin nasara tare da ɗan wasan Oud Ali Sriti da ɗalibinsa Anouar Brahem, waɗanda suka ba da kaɗe-kaɗe sama da 30 na kaɗe-kaɗe na gargajiya, waɗanda aka fitar a cikin wani kundin wakoki mai suna ''Tarab''. A shekarar 1997, ta fitar da kundin wakokinta na biyu ''mai suna Tawchih'', sannan ta sake shi a shekarar 1999 tare da ''Takht'', wanda World Network, wani kamfanin waƙoƙin Jamus, ya rarraba a duk faɗin Turai, Amurka, da Japan. A wannan shekarar, ta yi kaɗe-kaɗe a Paris, a Café de la Danse, don bikin Les Belles Nuits du Ramadan. A shekara ta 2000, ta yi waƙa a Cibiyar Kennedy da ke Washington, DC, a lokacin taron ƙasa na Afirka, kuma a lokacin da ta ziyarci duniyar Francophone, ta kuma yi waƙa a Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya da ke birnin New York (Dag-Hamarskjöld Auditorium), sannan ta halarci bikin Voix de femmes da ke Brussels, inda ta yi bikin buɗe Halles de Schaerbeek/Hallen van Schaarbeek. Daga nan M'barek ta fitar da kundin waƙoƙin ''Tir el Minyiar'' a shekarar 2003 da kuma ''Romances'' a shekarar 2004. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sonia Mbarek Rais |url=https://www.editions-harmattan.fr/index.asp?navig=auteurs&obj=artiste&no=34431 |website=harmattan}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri == M'Barek tana da aure kuma tana da 'ya'ya biyu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Biographie de Sonia M'barek, ministre de la Culture |url=https://www.businessnews.com.tn/biographie-de-sonia-mbarek-ministre-de-la-culture,525,61511,3 |website=business news |access-date=2026-03-14 |archive-date=2024-09-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240922135620/https://www.businessnews.com.tn/biographie-de-sonia-mbarek-ministre-de-la-culture,525,61511,3 |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Qui est Sonia Mbarek ministre de la Culture? |url=https://www.leaders.com.tn/article/18835-qui-est-sonia-mbarek-ministre-de-la-culture |website=leaders}}</ref> == Kundin Waƙoƙi == * 'Yanci (1992) * Tarab (1994) * TAWCHIH (1997) * Takht (1999) * Tir el Miniar (2003) * Soyayya (2007) == Lambobin yabo da girmamawa == * Kyautar Didon don Kyawun Mata (Tunisia, 1995) <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Sonia Mbarek |url=https://www.leaders.com.tn/article/27265-sonia-mbarek |website=leaders}}</ref> * Diapason d'Or don CD ''Takht'' ɗinta (Faransa, 2000) <ref name=":0" /> * Lambar Yabo ta Birnin [[Clermont-Ferrand]] don Musayar Al'adu Tsakanin Al'adu (Faransa, 2011) <ref name=":0" /> * Kyautar [[Fatima al-Fihriya]] don Haɓaka Samun Ilimi ga Mata da Nauyin Aiki a Bahar Rum (Tunisia, 2018) <ref name=":0" /> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Trois tunisiennes lauréates du Prix Fatima Fihriya 2018 |url=https://kapitalis.com/tunisie/2018/04/17/feminisme-trois-tunisiennes-laureates-du-prix-fatima-fihriya-2018/ |website=kapitalis}}</ref> == Godiya == Tsakanin shekarun 2005 da 2008, M'barek ita ce mace ta farko da ta yi aiki a matsayin darakta a bikin de la Chanson Tunisienne, wanda Ministan Al'adu na Tunisiya ya shirya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Qui est Sonia M'Barek, la nouvelle ministre de la Culture ? |url=http://www.leaders.com.tn/article/18835-qui-est-sonia-mbarek-ministre-de-la-culture}}</ref> Ta kasance memba na l'Association des Etudes Internationales tun a shekarar 1995, memba ce a ofishin zartarwa na The Rachidia daga shekarun 2001 zuwa 2003, kuma, tun a shekarar 2002, jakadiyar alheri ta Ƙungiyar Yaƙi da Ciwon Daji ta Tunisiya. == Wallafe-wallafe == * ''Le Statut du musicien en Tunisie'', Paris, L'Harmattan, 2018 == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1969]] 4yiw9jlpv2yjwiv5ljttbbt09k57w6a 0 145410 829750 818869 2026-05-04T22:28:01Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829750 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sarah Miébo Téibo''' mawaƙiya ce ta Turanci-Nijeriya, tare da waƙoƙin bishara na zamani guda biyu, Walk with Me (2016) da Keep Walking (2018).<ref name="Soul Tracks">{{Cite web |last=Dukes |first=Howard |date=n.d. |title=Sarah Teibo – Walk With Me (2016) (Review) |url=http://www.soultracks.com/review-sarah-teibo-walk-with-me |access-date=17 January 2017 |publisher=Soul Tracks}}</ref> An zabi ta don lambar yabo ta MOBO . == Rayuwa ta farko da asali == Téibo, ta biyu cikin yara huɗu, an haife ta <ref name="ASCAP">{{Cite web |last=[[PRS for Music|PRS]] |date=n.d. |title=Songwriter: Teibo Sarah Miebo |url=https://mobile.ascap.com/aceclient/AceWeb/#ace/search/writer/Teibo |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170106040548/https://mobile.ascap.com/aceclient/AceWeb/#ace/search/writer/Teibo |archive-date=6 January 2017 |access-date=17 January 2017 |publisher=[[American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers|ASCAP]]}}</ref> a [[Landan]], Ingila, ga iyayen Najeriya.<ref name="Day">{{Cite web |last=Teibo |first=Sarah |date=17 January 2016 |title=I CANT KEEP CALM IT'S MY BIRTHDAY |url=https://twitter.com/Sarahteibo/status/688720012706746368 |access-date=17 January 2017 |publisher=Twitter}}</ref> Yayinda take yarinya, ta koma tare da iyayenta zuwa Najeriya inda ta fara raira waƙa a cikin ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta matasa ta cocin kuma daga ƙarshe ta koma Burtaniya bayan ta yi aure a shekara ta 2007.<ref name="MOBO">{{Cite web |last=Smith |first=Steve Alexander |date=n.d. |title=MOBO Interview : Sarah Teibo |url=http://www.mobo.com/news-blogs/mobo-interview-sarah-teibo |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118050836/http://www.mobo.com/news-blogs/mobo-interview-sarah-teibo |archive-date=18 January 2017 |access-date=17 January 2017 |publisher=[[MOBO Awards]]}}</ref><ref name="One Man">{{Cite web |last=Staff |date=27 September 2016 |title=Exclusive Interview With MOBO Nominee Sarah Téibo |url=http://onemaninthemiddle.com/interviews/exclusive-interview-with-mobo-nominee-sarah-teibo |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118104233/http://onemaninthemiddle.com/interviews/exclusive-interview-with-mobo-nominee-sarah-teibo |archive-date=18 January 2017 |access-date=17 January 2017 |publisher=One Man in the Middle}}</ref><ref name="Louder">{{Cite web |last=Staff |date=16 January 2017 |title=Interview: Sarah Teibo |url=http://louderthanthemusic.com/document.php?id=5549 |access-date=17 January 2017 |publisher=Louder Than the Music}}</ref> == Ayyukan kiɗa == Ayyukan rikodin kiɗa sun fara ne a shekarar 2015, tare da guda ɗaya, "Steal My Joy", daga ƙarshe ya saki kundin studio, Walk with Me, a ranar 8 ga Mayu 2016. <ref name="CR Review">{{Cite web |last=Cummings |first=Tony |date=19 June 2016 |title=Review: Walk With Me – Sarah Teibo |url=http://www.crossrhythms.co.uk/products/Sarah_Teibo/Walk_With_Me/161250/ |access-date=17 January 2017 |publisher=[[Cross Rhythms]] |archive-date=18 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118051047/http://www.crossrhythms.co.uk/products/Sarah_Teibo/Walk_With_Me/161250/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Don wannan, ta sami gabatarwa a MOBO Awards don Mafi Kyawun Bishara . A watan Yunin 2018, ta fitar da kundi na biyu 'Keep Walking' wanda ya ƙunshi Labarin Bishara, Fred Hammond kuma ya kai lamba 3 a cikin Shafukan Kirista da Bishara na Ofishin. Bayan sanya hannu a hannun kiɗa na IndieBlue na eOne Nashville, ta saki 'Spirit Come' na farko daga kundi na gaba da aka shirya don saki a cikin 2021 A watan Disamba na 2020, ta fitar da wakar Kirsimeti ta farko 'Hear the Sound' a matsayin kyautar sadaka don tallafawa kungiyar agaji ta Burtaniya Colourful Beginnings, don tallafawa iyalai da ke da jarirai a NICU a duk faɗin Burtaniya A shekara ta 2022, ta lashe kyautar ABGMA Song of the Year tare da waƙar Sin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ABGMA 2022 Awards |url=https://www.soarisemusic.com/uploads/1/7/6/9/17692349/abgma_2022_award_winners.pdf |website=ABGMA}}</ref> == Mawallafin == Ita ce marubucin littafin, Sex Interrupted, wanda aka buga a 2011. <ref name="CR Interview">{{Cite web |last=Sarah J. |date=12 April 2011 |title=Sex Interrupted |url=http://www.crossrhythms.co.uk/articles/life/Sex_Interrupted/43086/p1/ |access-date=17 January 2017 |publisher=[[Cross Rhythms]]}}</ref> == Bayanan da aka yi == * Tafiya tare da Ni (8 ga Mayu 2016) * ''Ci gaba da tafiya'' (29 Yuni 2018) * ''Ruhun ya zo'' (28 ga Agusta 2020) * ''Ji Sauti'' (18 Disamba 2020) == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1979]] giwn4qvm51xx7evw3xgqbrfryb9grl6 0 145428 830116 821333 2026-05-05T11:25:37Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 830116 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Stella Din-Jacob''' jami'ar watsa labarai ce ta Najeriya, ƴar jarida ce, lauya kuma Darakta na Labarai da Babban Edita a TVC Communications. == Tarihin rayuwa == An haifi Din-Jacob ga Kyaftin Joseph Din da Christy Din. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Monye |first=Emeka |date=October 31, 2021 |title=Breaking: TVC's Director Of News, Stella Din-Jacob Loses Father |url=https://lagoscityreporters.com/breaking-tvcs-director-of-news-stella-din-jacob-loses-father/ |access-date=December 3, 2021 |website=lagoscityreporters.com |language=en-US |archive-date=December 2, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211202201745/https://lagoscityreporters.com/breaking-tvcs-director-of-news-stella-din-jacob-loses-father/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-11-03 |title=Governor Uzodimma mourns Captain Din, condoles family - |url=https://www.tvcnews.tv/governor-uzodimma-mourns-captain-din-condoles-family/ |access-date=2021-12-02 |website=TVC News |language=en-US}}</ref> Ita 'yar asalin Jihar Plateau ce kuma ranar haihuwarta ta kasance a ranar 11 ga Nuwamba.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last= |date=2020-07-01 |title=JACOB, Din Stella |url=https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/jacob-din-stella/ |access-date=2021-12-02 |website=Biographical Legacy and Research Foundation |language=en-US}}</ref> Ta dauki karatun tushe a fannin shari'a a Jami'ar Warwick, ta sami B.L a [[Makarantar Koyan Lauya ta Najeriya|Makarantar Shari'a ta Najeriya]] da kuma digiri na shari'aa a Jamiʼar Kent, Ingila. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=TVC Management Team - |url=https://www.tvccommunications.tv/tvc-management-team/ |access-date=2021-12-02 |publisher=[[TVC News|TVC Communications]] |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Nation |first=The |date=2018-10-31 |title=Stella Din-Jacob is Director of TVC News |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/stella-din-jacob-is-director-of-tvc-news/ |access-date=2025-06-10 |website=The Nation Newspaper |language=en-US}}</ref> Ta zama Darakta na Labarai 24 TVC News a watan Oktoba 2018. [1] Din-Jacob ya kuma yi aiki a kungiyoyin kafofin watsa labarai daban-daban na Najeriya ciki har da News 24, Channels Television da Silverbird Television (National). [2] Yayinda take aiki a gidan talabijin na Channels tsakanin 1994 da 2002, ta yi aiki a matsayin mai gabatar da shirye-shirye a kan teburin ƙasashen waje da na diflomasiyya da kuma a matsayin mai ba da labarai da edita.[3] Ta kuma yi aiki mai zaman kanta ga CNN da Al Jazeera. [2] A cikin shekara ta 2020, Mata a cikin Jarida ta Afirka (WIJAFRICA) sun lissafa Din-Jacob a cikin Mata 25 mafi iko a cikin Jaridar Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Olabimtan |first=Bolanle |date=October 2, 2021 |title=Ijeoma Nwogwugwu, Stella Din, Kadaria Ahmed named among 25 most powerful Nigerian female journalists |url=https://www.thecable.ng/ijeoma-nwogwugwu-stella-din-kadaria-ahmed-named-among-25-most-powerful-nigerian-female-journalists |access-date=December 3, 2021 |website=[[TheCable]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Usaini |first=Nebianet |date=2024-10-03 |title=Stella Din-Jacob, Maupe Ogun-Yusuf, 23 Others Named Most Powerful Women In Journalism |url=https://www.channelstv.com/2024/10/03/stella-din-jacob-maupe-ogun-yusuf-23-others-named-most-powerful-women-in-journalism/ |access-date=2025-06-10 |website=Channels Television |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Manazarta == e7nkd3kn41pvto196m17uqdswsftgfc 0 145440 829929 809668 2026-05-05T07:04:25Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829929 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Siju Iluyomade''' (an haife ta a ranar 8 ga Janairu 1964) lauya ce 'yar Najeriya, mai magana da yawun jama'a kuma mai fafutukar kare hakkin mata. Ita ce ta kafa taron mata na Arise, <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 November 2015 |title=Pastor Siju Iluyomade and others attend Arise Women conference 2015 {{!}} Encomium Magazine |url=https://encomium.ng/pastor-siju-iluyomade-and-others-attend-arise-women-conference-2015/ |access-date=2019-11-01 |language=en-US}}</ref> wata ƙungiya mai zaman kanta (NGO) mai zaman kanta don ƙarfafa mata da kuma jerin shugabannin mata masu hannu da shuni. <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 June 2019 |title=WiLS 2019: Dr. Siju Iluyomade: Building Legacies to Last |url=https://punchng.com/wils-2019-dr-siju-iluyomade-building-legacies-to-last/ |access-date=2019-11-01 |website=Punch Newspapers |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-07-06 |title=Dr Siju Iluyomade, Prof Funlayo Olapade, others speak at WiLS 2019 |url=https://dailytimes.ng/dr-siju-iluyomade-prof-funlayo-olapade-others-speak-at-wils-2019/ |access-date=2019-11-01 |website=Daily Times Nigeria |language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-07-01 |title=Dr Iluyomade and the passion for Nigerian women » Tribune Online |url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/dr-iluyomade-and-the-passion-for-nigerian-women/ |access-date=2019-11-01 |website=Tribune Online |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Ilimi == Siju ta halarci Kwalejin Sarauniya kuma ta sami digirin lauya daga Jami'ar Ife (yanzu Jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo, Ile Ife). [1] [2] == Rayuwa ta sirri == Tana auren Idowu Iluyomade, <ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-10-13 |title=Siju Iluyomade leads' Arise Walk for Life' |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/siju-iluyomade-leads-arise-walk-for-life/ |access-date=2019-11-01 |website=The Nation Newspaper |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Oyediji |first=Tayo |date=2018-11-05 |title=How Pastor IDOWU ILUYOMADE Fell In Love With Wife SIJU – Their 34 Year Old Love Story Revealed! |url=http://www.citypeopleonline.com/how-pastor-idowu-iluyomade-fell-in-love-with-wife-siju-their-34-year-old-love-story-revealed/ |access-date=2019-11-01 |website=City People Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref> tsohon babban fasto a Cocin [[Cocin Redeemed Christian Church of God|Redeemed Christian Church of God]] wanda yanzu shine wanda ya kafa Family fellowship ministry tare da 'ya'ya 3. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Correspondents |date=2018-12-02 |title=Great times as Siju Iluyomade becomes the toast |url=https://www.newtelegraphng.com/2018/12/great-times-as-siju-iluyomade-becomes-the-toast/ |access-date=2019-11-01 |website=Newtelegraph |language=en-US |archive-date=2019-08-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190807165544/https://www.newtelegraphng.com/2018/12/great-times-as-siju-iluyomade-becomes-the-toast/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] eumfskx2ciqfh0sdzh1gj24fsl3rhm4 0 145531 829788 809931 2026-05-05T02:57:30Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829788 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Manjo Janar '''Sharon KG (Kim Greiman) Dunbar''' babbar jami'ar [[United States Air Force|sojin saman Amurka]] ce mai ritaya. Ita ce mace ta farko a tarihin rundunar sojin sama da ta yi aiki a matsayin Kwamandan Janar na Gundumar Sojojin Sama ta Washington (AFDW), sashin rundunar sojin sama a yankin babban birnin tarayya na hedikwatar rundunar hadin gwiwa, kuma Kwamandan sashin jiragen sama na 320th, wanda ke da hedikwata a Joint Base Andrews, [[Maryland]] . A cikin wannan matsayi na musamman na kwamandoji biyu, Dunbar ta kula da ayyukan rundunar sojin sama a yankin babban birnin kasar tare da takamaiman ayyuka na tsara, horarwa da samar da kayan aiki ga sojojin yaki don ayyukan jiragen sama da kuma ci gaba da gwamnati da ke da alaƙa da tsaron cikin gida, agajin gaggawa, ayyukan tallafi na farar hula, da kuma tarukan tsaro na musamman na kasa . Haka kuma ita ce babbar jami'ar rundunar sojin sama da ke da alhakin aiwatar da manyan abubuwan bukukuwa kamar rantsar da shugaban kasa karo na 57 a shekarar 2013. A matsayinta na Kwamandan AFDW, Dunbar ta ba da babban tallafi ga sojoji da fararen hula 60,000 da aka tura a duk duniya kuma ita ce hukumar Shari'ar Soja ta Uniform Code of Military Justice for 40,000 Aircraftmen. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Major General Sharon K. G. Dunbar |url=https://www.af.mil/About-Us/Biographies/Display/Article/108343/major-general-sharon-kg-dunbar/ |access-date=27 September 2013 |publisher=United States Air Force}}</ref> == Aikin soja == Jami'ar Sojojin Sama mafi matsayi a cikin 'yan asalin Koriya, <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Asian American and Pacific Islander Fact Sheet |url=https://www.va.gov/centerforminorityveterans/docs/factSheetAanhpiOnePage.pdf/ |access-date= |website= |publisher=}}</ref> An naɗa Dunbar a matsayin jami'a a shekarar 1982 bayan kammala karatunta daga Kwalejin Sojojin Sama ta Amurka kuma ta kammala karatunta da kyau daga Kwalejin Yaƙin Ƙasa da ke [[Washington, D.C.|Washington, DC]] Aikinta na soja ya ƙunshi jerin mukamai na saye, ma'aikata, siyasa-soja, da kwamandoji. A matsayinta na Manjo, an zaɓe ta a matsayin memba na farko na Majalisar Dokoki ta Sojojin Sama kuma an ba ta aiki a Majalisar Dattawan Amurka ga Sanata Dan Coats (R-IN), Shugaban Kwamitin Sojojin Sama/Tsakiya da Ma'aikata a Kwamitin Ayyukan Soja na Majalisar Dattawa da kuma muryar da aka girmama ta 'yan jam'iyya biyu kan tsaro da gyaran fuska. Coats ta naɗa Dunbar don ta rubuta muhimmin shirin majalisar dokoki a shekarar 1996 wanda aka sani da [https://www.congress.gov/congressional-record/1996/6/25/senate-section/article/S6829-1 Quadrennial Defense Review (QDR)] . Daga nan ta yi aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar soja ga Mai Martaba Rudy de Leon kuma ta ci gaba da jagorantar rundunar tallafawa ayyuka, Horar da Sojojin Sama na Basic Military Training, da kuma Rukunin Sojojin Sama na 75 a Tudun Sojojin Sama, Utah inda ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin mace ta farko da ta fara zama kwamanda. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Hill installs first female commander |url=http://davisclipper.com/bookmark/136854-Hill-installs-first-female-commander/ |access-date= |website= |publisher= }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Baya ga waɗannan ayyukan soja, Sakataren Tsaro ya naɗa Dunbar don yin aiki a cikin rundunonin aiki guda biyu daban-daban da majalisar dokoki ta umarta don magance cin zarafin mata da cin zarafi a cikin ayyukan soja <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=The Defense Task Force on Sexual Assault in the Military Services |url=http://www.sapr.mil/public/docs/research/dtfsams-rept_dec09.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210903172846/https://www.sapr.mil/public/docs/research/DTFSAMS-Rept_Dec09.pdf |archive-date=2021-09-03 |access-date= |website= |publisher=}}</ref> da kuma makarantun aikin soja na su. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=The Defense Task Force on Sexual Harassment and Violence at the Military Service Academies |url=http://www.sapr.mil/public/docs/research/high_gpo_rrc_tx.pdf |access-date= |website= |publisher= }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Daga baya Sakataren Rundunar Sojan Sama ya naɗa ta don jagorantar Bitar Bibiyar Sojojin Sama <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Air Force Follow On Review: Protecting the Force, Lessons from Fort Hood |url=https://archive.org/details/AirForceFollow-onReviewProtectingTheForceLessonsFromFortHood |access-date= |website= |publisher=Department of the Air Force}}</ref> don mayar da martani ga harbin da aka yi a Fort Hood na 2009 da kuma jagorantar soke Dokar Kada Ku Tambayi, Kada Ku Tambayi a 2011 ta Rundunar Sojan Sama. [[Fayil:U.S._Air_Force_(USAF)_Maj._Gen._Sharon_K.G._Dunbar,_the_commander_of_the_Air_Force_District_of_Washington,_addresses_members_of_the_USAF_Band_and_Honor_Guard_before_a_dress_rehearsal_for_the_inaugural_parade_130111-D-UB584-050.jpg|thumb|Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Amurka (USAF) Manjo Janar Sharon KG Dunbar, kwamandan Gundumar Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Washington, yana jawabi ga membobin USAF kafin fara gwajin suturar da za a yi a faretin farko.]] == Rayuwa ta sirri == An haifi Dunbar da ɗan'uwanta a yankin Chicago kuma an rene su a biranen Bloomington-Normal, Illinois daga iyayen Amurka waɗanda suka yi ƙaura daga Koriya (mahaifi) da Jamus (uba). Nan da nan bayan kammala karatun sakandare, ɗan'uwanta ya halarci Kwalejin Soja ta Amurka da ke West Point kuma an karɓe ta a aji na uku na mata don halartar Kwalejin Sojan Sama ta Amurka da ke Colorado Springs. [1] Dunbar da mijinta sun haɗu a shekararsu ta farko a Kwalejin Sojan Sama. Sun yi aure jim kaɗan bayan kammala karatunsu kuma suna da 'ya'ya biyu. Dunbar ta yi ritaya daga Rundunar Sojan Sama bayan shekaru 32 na hidima kuma tun daga lokacin ta yi aiki a masana'antar tsaron sararin samaniya yayin da take aiki a kwamitocin ba da shawara na gwamnati da kwamitocin ba da agaji. Ta kammala karatun digirin digirgir a fannin manufofin jama'a a Jami'ar George Washington kuma ta sami digirin digirgir na girmamawa daga Cibiyar Union da Jami'a . [2] == Ilimi == * 1982 Digiri na farko a fannin injiniyanci da gudanarwa, Kwalejin Sojojin Sama ta Amurka, Colorado Springs, Colorado * 1984 Digiri na biyu a fannin gudanar da harkokin kasuwanci, Jami'ar Jihar California, Long Beach, California * Makarantar Jami'an Rundunar Soja ta 1985, Rukunin Sojojin Sama na Maxwell, Alabama * Shirin Kellogg na Ƙasa na 1993, Gidauniyar Kellogg ta WK, Battle Creek, Michigan * Kwalejin Sojojin Sama da Ma'aikata ta 1994 * Shirin Hadin Kan 'Yan Majalisa na 1996, Cibiyar Brookings, DC * Kwas na Manajan Shirye-shirye na Ci gaba na 1998, Kwalejin Gudanar da Tsarin Tsaro, Fort Belvoir, Virginia * Taro na MIT na 1999 XXI, Siyasar Ƙasashen Waje, Hulɗar Ƙasashen Duniya da Bukatun Ƙasa, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Massachusetts, Cambridge, Massachusetts * Digiri na biyu a fannin nazarin tsaron ƙasa, Digiri na biyu mai daraja, Kwalejin Yaƙin Ƙasa, Fort Lesley J. McNair, DC * Shirin Manyan Jami'an Gudanarwa na 2005, [[Jami'ar Harvard]], Cambridge, Massachusetts * Kalubalen 2009 a Jagorancin Duniya, Makarantar Kasuwanci ta Alkali, Jami'ar Cambridge, Ingila * Shirin 2009 ga Manyan Manajoji a Gwamnati, Jami'ar Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts == Kyaututtukan soja da kayan ado == * Lambar Yabo ta Musamman ta Sabis ta Rundunar Sojan Sama tare da tarin ganyen itacen oak * Lambar Yabo ta Babban Sabis na Tsaro * Legion of Merit tare da gungu biyu na ganyen itacen oak * Lambar Yabo ta Mujallar Sabis mai Kyau tare da tarin ganyen itacen oak guda huɗu * Lambar Yabo ta Sojojin Sama * Kyautar Haɗin gwiwa ta Ƙungiyar Meritorious tare da tarin ganyen itacen oak * Kyautar Na'urar Sojan Sama Mai Kyau tare da tarin ganyen itacen oak guda biyu * Kyautar Kyawun Ƙungiya ta Rundunar Sojan Sama tare da tarin ganyen itacen oak * Ribbon Gane Rundunar Sojan Sama * Lambar Yabo ta Tsaron Ƙasa tare da tauraruwar tagulla * Lambar Yaƙin Duniya kan Ta'addanci == Duba kuma == * Jerin sunayen mata janar-janar soja da jami'an tutoci na Amurka * Jerin 'Yan Amurkan Koriya == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 88oi5md57sbmm16es0gsng0hjwnjq1q 0 145581 829766 817959 2026-05-05T00:24:35Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829766 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Scheaffer Okore''' ƙwararriyar 'yar siyasa ce kuma mai ba da shawara kan dabarun ci gaban duniya a fannin shugabanci, jagoranci, tsarin dimokuraɗiyya da haƙƙin lafiyar haihuwa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=CFFP – The Centre for Feminist Foreign Policy |url=https://cffp.uber.space/wordpress/ |access-date=2023-07-29 |website=CFFP |language=en-US }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Ita ce mataimakiyar shugabar jam'iyyar Ukweli <ref>{{Cite web |date=May 6, 2017 |title=Women in Kenya band together in bid to thwart violence ahead of upcoming elections |url=https://womenintheworld.com/2017/06/05/women-in-kenya-band-together-in-bid-to-thwart-violence-ahead-of-upcoming-elections/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612184744/https://womenintheworld.com/2017/06/05/women-in-kenya-band-together-in-bid-to-thwart-violence-ahead-of-upcoming-elections/ |archive-date=June 12, 2018 |access-date=April 6, 2018 |website=Women In The World}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ukweli Party - Nguvu Kwa Mwananchi |url=https://ukweliparty.org/ |website=ukweliparty.org}}</ref> kuma tsohuwar shugabar shirye-shirye da hulɗa da jama'a a Siasa place. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Siasa place bios |url=http://www.siasaplace.com/our-bios/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220318100105/http://siasaplace.com/our-bios/ |archive-date=2022-03-18 |access-date=2018-04-06}}</ref> Tana da digirin farko a fannin Hulɗa da Ƙasashen Duniya da Diflomasiyya daga [[Jami'ar Nairobi]].<ref>{{cite news|url= https://www.buzzfeed.com/tamerragriffin/this-is-what-its-like-to-run-for-office-in-kenya-as-a-woman|title= This Politician Was Told Her Natural Hair Was Unprofessional|date= June 12, 2017|newspaper= Buzzfeed}}</ref> Scheaffer wata mai fafutuka ce <ref>{{Cite web |title=Siasa Place |url=http://www.siasaplace.com/our-bios/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220318100105/http://siasaplace.com/our-bios/ |archive-date=2022-03-18 |access-date=2018-04-06}}</ref> a [[Kenya]] wacce ta yi magana game da adalci a zamantakewa, 'yancin ɗan adam, nuna wariya ga mata, da kuma cin zarafin da ya shafi jinsi.<ref>{{cite news|url= https://www.buzzfeed.com/tamerragriffin/this-is-what-its-like-to-run-for-office-in-kenya-as-a-woman|title= This Politician Was Told Her Natural Hair Was Unprofessional|date= June 12, 2017|newspaper= Buzzfeed}}</ref> A shekarar 2018. An ɗauki Okore a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan matasa ɗari da suka fi fice a fannin shari'a. <ref>{{Cite web |date=May 23, 2019 |title=Kenyan Activist Gets Prestigious Appointment to Bill Gates Foundation - Kenyans.co.ke |url=http://www.kenyans.co.ke/news/39927-kenyan-activist-gets-prestigious-appointment-bill-gates-foundation |website=www.kenyans.co.ke}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * https://www.womankind.org.uk/team/scheaffer-okore/ * https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2023/may/03/stop-praising-womens-strength-we-need-a-world-where-we-dont-have-to-fight-to-be-valued * https://www.newcon.io/speaker/scheaffer-okore{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] be8b458qj44yrdu5c2z8emgm2iqfypq 0 145635 829771 810262 2026-05-05T01:23:12Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829771 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Seok Joo-myung''' (Korean: 석주명; Hanja: 石宙明; November 13, 1908 – October 6, 1950) was a Korean lepidopterist who made significant contributions to the taxonomy of the butterfly species of Korea. He was also a noted linguist and pacifist. An haife shi a [[Pyongyang]], Daular Koriya, a ranar 13 ga Nuwamba, 1908. Rayuwarsa ta kasance mai wahala a lokacin mulkin mallaka na Japan daga 1910 zuwa 1945 kuma wani hari na kwatsam ya kashe shi a ranar 6 ga Oktoba, 1950. Ya kammala karatu daga makarantar Kaesong Songdo Higher Normal School a 1926 sannan ya kammala karatu daga Makarantar Aikin Gona da Forestry ta Kagoshima a Japan a 1929. A cikin 1930, ya zama malamin ilmin halitta a makarantar sakandare ta Songdo kuma ya yi aiki a can na tsawon shekaru 10.<ref>{{Cite web |title=석주명 |url=http://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Contents/SearchNavi?keyword=%EC%84%9D%EC%A3%BC%EB%AA%85&ridx=0&tot=1 |website=[[Encyclopedia of Korean Culture]] |publisher=[[Academy of Korean Studies]]}}</ref> Tun daga wannan lokacin, ya sadaukar da rayuwarsa ga malam buɗe ido da bincike na Jeju. Mutanen Koriya suna kiransa Koriya Fabre, yana haskaka nasarorin da ya samu a lokacin duhu. == Babban aikin kimiyya == Masana kimiyya na Japan sun ce akwai nau'ikan furannin Koriya 921 <ref>{{Cite web |title=석주명 나는 조선 나비밖에 모르는 사람이라 Seok Joo-myung: Yo sólo soy una persona que sabe nada más de mariposas |url=https://terms.naver.com/entry.nhn?docId=3576190&cid=59015&categoryId=59015}}</ref> amma ya yi ƙoƙari sosai don tattara furannin kabewa 160 mil a duk faɗin Koriya <ref>{{Cite web |title=석주명 나는 조선 나비밖에 모르는 사람이라 Seok Joo-myung: Yo sólo soy una persona que sabe nada más de mariposas |url=https://terms.naver.com/entry.nhn?docId=3576190&cid=59015&categoryId=59015}}</ref> kuma ya kwatanta alamu kuma ya auna tsawon fuka-fukan gaba tare da mai mulki da kansa. Ya kammala cewa duk da cewa tsarin fuka-fuki sun bambanta, bazai zama nau'o'i daban-daban ba kuma sun kawar da sunayen kimiyya da yawa da ba daidai ba da Jafananci suka sanya kuma sun tabbatar da cewa an canza su da kansu don daidaitawa da mahalli kuma sun rarraba maciji na Chosun zuwa nau'o-nau'i 248.<ref>{{Cite web |title=남이 하지 않은 일을 10년간 하라 Has lo que otros no han hecho durante 10 años, Dr. Seok Joo-myung |url=https://www.sciencetimes.co.kr/news/%EB%82%A8%EC%9D%B4-%ED%95%98%EC%A7%80-%EC%95%8A%EC%9D%80-%EC%9D%BC%EC%9D%84-10%EB%85%84%EA%B0%84-%ED%95%98%EB%9D%BC/ }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Ya yi marmarin samun 'yancin kai na Chosun don haka ya kafa dutse na farko don rarraba kwari na Choson ta hanyar manyan samfurori da ya lakafta kwari sunan Koriya kuma ya kara ma'ana. Musamman ya ba da sunan malam buɗe ido da ba a gano ba Fluttering Butterfly na Dutsen Jirisan a karo na farko a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=지리산팔랑나비 Hesperiidae, Butterfly Site Classification |url=http://www.nabistory.co.kr/nabi-htm/177.htm}}</ref> == Ayyuka na baya da mutuwa == Ya rubuta wani karamin ƙamus Lernolibro de Esperato Kun Vortaeto 1947 saboda yana da hannu sosai a cikin yunkurin zaman lafiya na duniya don tsayayya da mulkin mallaka na Japan. Bai canza sunansa na Koriya zuwa sunan Jafananci ba har sai an sake shi. Ya sauya da son rai zuwa dakin gwaje-gwaje na maganin halitta na Jeju a Seogwipo, [[Jeju Island|Tsibirin Jeju]] a 1943. Yayinda yake aiki a nan na tsawon shekaru biyu, ya yi sha'awar al'adun Jeju kuma ya shahara da binciken Jeju. An buga littattafai guda shida: yaren Jeju, yawan Jeju, takardar Jeju, rubutun Jeju, tarihin kwari na Jeju, da bayanan Jeju. Wadannan albarkatu ne masu mahimmanci don nazarin Jeju. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Matattun 1950]] d1boxzdrfdjwxqq3ejghz29ctxuajin 0 145719 829927 810439 2026-05-05T06:54:47Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829927 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sidney Mary Catherine Anne Farrar''' (17 ga watan Afrilu 1900 - 1987) 'yar Birtaniya ce da ta yi ƙaura a [[Kenya]] kuma mace ta farko da aka zaɓa a Majalisar Dokoki ta Kenya. <ref>Elizabeth Watkins, Olga in Kenya: Repressing the Irrepressible, Britwell Books, 2005, {{ISBN|1905203748}}, 9781905203741, p.215</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Farrar a [[Landan]], 'ya ce ga Sidney Hobart-Hampden-Mercer-Henderson, Earl na 7 na Buckinghamshire da matarsa Georgiana. <ref name="auto1">{{Cite web |title=Lady Sidney Farrar |url=http://oldafricamagazine.com/lady-sidney-farrar/ |website=Old Africa Magazine}}</ref> A shekarar 1924 ta auri Kyaftin Thomas Innes Farrar, wani tsohon soja a Landan, kuma a shekarar 1926 suka ƙaura zuwa wata gona a Kenya, suka zauna a Mau Summit. A shekarar 1934, Thomas ya mutu ya bar Farrar ita kaɗai tare da ɗansu Thomas. <ref name="auto1"/> == Taimakon Gaggawa na Ma'aikatan Jinya == A lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na I|Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya]] ta shiga ƙungiyar agajin gaggawa ta Nursing Yeomanry kuma ta yi aiki a [[Faransa]].<ref name="auto2">Malcolm Page, King's African Rifles: A History, Pen and Sword, 30 Mar 2011, p.59</ref> A shekarar 1932, ta kafa reshen Kenya na ƙungiyar agajin gaggawa ta Nursing Yeomanry. Matsayinsu ya faɗaɗa sakamakon [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu]], kuma sunansu ya canza zuwa Hukumar Kula da Yankuna ta Mata.<ref name="auto2">Malcolm Page, King's African Rifles: A History, Pen and Sword, 30 Mar 2011, p.59</ref> Farrar ta yi tafiya zuwa [[Afirka ta Kudu]] da [[Rhodesia]] don ɗaukar direbobi, kuma a ƙarshen shekarar 1940, ƙungiyar FANY ta Kenya tana da mambobi kusan 700-800. <ref name="auto1"/> Da farko an gina su a gidaje daban-daban na kwamandan a [[Nairobi]] kuma suna gudanar da hidimar aika fasinjoji tsakanin Nairobi da sansanonin King's African Rifles da ke Garissa . <ref name="auto2" /> Sun kuma yi wa motocin ɗaukar marasa lafiya aiki don waɗanda suka mutu daga Habasha. Yayin da yaƙin ke ci gaba, rawar da suka taka ta canza, kuma sun ɗauki ƙarin ayyuka kamar hidimar abinci da leƙen asiri, a Gabashin Afirka da kuma ƙasashen waje, ciki har da [[Kairo|Alkahira]], [[Somaliya]], [[Madagaskar|Madagascar]] da Malaya. <ref name="auto2" /> Farrar ta sami matsayin Manjo kuma an naɗa ta MBE don ayyukan yaƙinta a shekarar 1941. An wargaza ƙungiyar FANY a ƙarshen yaƙin. <ref name="auto1" /> == Siyasa == A shekarar 1937 ta zama mace ta farko da aka zaɓa a Majalisar Dokoki ta Kenya lokacin da ta kayar da Conway Harvey da kuri'u biyu kacal. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Women in Kenyan Politics |url=https://www.the-star.co.ke/news/2017/09/02/the-long-road-of-women-in-kenyan-politics_c1627272 |website=The Star |access-date=2026-03-17 |archive-date=2019-01-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190119174354/https://www.the-star.co.ke/news/2017/09/02/the-long-road-of-women-in-kenyan-politics_c1627272 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ta riƙe kujerar Nyanza har zuwa shekara ta 1942. <ref name="auto1"/> Sidney ta kasance fitacciyar mamba a ƙungiyar mata ta Gabashin Afirka kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabar ƙungiyar tsakanin shekarun 1953 da 1954. A lokacin shugabancinta, an nemi EAWL ta yi ƙidayar jama'a kan buƙatar makarantun firamare a yankunan karkara, sakamakon haka aka buɗe makarantu da dama. Daga baya ta zama Shugabar Majalisar Mata ta Ƙasa a Kenya. <ref name="auto1"/> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1987]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1900]] 656nvdjjortbulrs2i1v2u71pax66k8 0 145862 829730 810926 2026-05-04T21:48:53Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829730 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sara Nana Yeboah''' wanda aka fi sani da "[[Florence Nightingale]] na [[Afirka]]", ma'aikaciyar jinya ce Dan Ghana, mai ba da agaji kuma ɗan kasuwa na zamantakewa. A cikin 2017, an ba ta lambar yabo ta Ghana mafi kyawun likitan asibiti (Ward) a cikin 2017 HELEH Africa People's Choice Practitioners Honours da aka gudanar a [[Kumasi]] . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Sara Nana Yeboah Talks To Akpah Prince |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/features/Sara-Nana-Yeboah-Talks-To-Akpah-Prince-313257 |access-date=2019-10-13 |website=www.ghanaweb.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date= |title=Sara Nana Yeboah awarded |url=https://www.newsghana.com.gh/sara-nana-yeboah-awarded/ |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2019-10-13 |website=News Ghana |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-06-25 |title=Sara Nana Yeboah; A Florence Nightingale from Africa |url=https://www.konnectafrica.net/sara-nana-yeboah/ |access-date=2019-10-13 |website=Konnect Africa |language=en-US }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Ayyuka == Yeboah ƙwararren ma'aikacin jinya ne. Ya zuwa shekara ta 2014, ta kasance babban jami'in jinya a Asibitin Ridge da ke Accra . [1] A halin yanzu ita ce babban jami'in zartarwa na Sangy Nursing Services, wani kamfani mai zaman kansa na jinya.[2][3] == Taimako == Yeboah ta kafa tare kuma ita ce mataimakiyar Shugaba ta Gidauniyar Sangy,[1] wata kungiya mai zaman kanta wacce ke ɗaga fatan matasa kuma tana aiki don samar musu da damammaki. Ta hanyar gidauniyarta, Yeboah ta gyara makarantu, ta gudanar da kamfen na kiwon lafiya da tantancewa, ta zana gine-ginen asibitoci da ɗakunan karatu da suka lalace da kuma yara da aka yi wa rijista a cikin Tsarin Inshora na Ƙasa a faɗin ƙasar.[2][3][4] Wasu daga cikin makarantun da ƙungiyarta ta taimaka wajen gyara sun haɗa da makarantun firamare da ƙananan makarantu na Nwasua M/A a yankin Brong-Ahafo da Makarantar Firamare ta Kotei RC da ke Kumasi.[5][6] == Kyaututtuka == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] i6wpcpptuj0zi87xor4o23q58xhbl87 0 145891 829646 823543 2026-05-04T19:23:51Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 3 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829646 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Saltanat Parhatqyzy''' Tūrsynbekova ( Kazakh Пархатқыzы Тұрсynbekova, an haife ta a shekarar 1966) lauya ce kuma mai fafutukar kare hakkin jama'a ta ƙasar Kazakhstan wadda ke aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar shugabar Hukumar Kula da Harkokin Mata ta Ƙasa da Tsarin Iyali da Adadi a ƙarƙashin Shugaban Ƙasa kuma memba na Majalisar Jama'a ta Astana. A tsawon aikinta, Tursynbekova ta yi aiki a ma'aikatan gwamnati da kuma wasu hukumomin tsaro. An kuma san ta da cewa ita ce mai sukar [[Tashin hankali na gida|cin zarafin cikin gida]] a Kazakhstan kuma a matsayinta na mai fafutukar kare hakkin mata da yara, kuma tana ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa aikin zamantakewa na "Kazakhstan Ba Ta Da Zalunci a Cikin Gida" wanda ya mayar da hankali kan rigakafi da kuma mayar da martani ga cin zarafin cikin gida. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Таубай |first=Айгерім |date=2022-10-11 |title=Салтанат Тұрсынбекова президенттікке кандидат ретінде ұсынылды |url=https://halyq-uni.kz/news/10345-saltanat-tursynbekova-prezidenttikke-kandidat-retinde-usynyldy/ |access-date=2022-10-31 |website=Halyq-uni.kz |language=kk }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin 'yan takarar zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na 2022 a ƙungiyar jama'a ta Qazaq . == Tarihin Rayuwa == === Rayuwar farko da ilimi === An haife ta a Yankin Jambyl, Tursynbekova a shekarun 1980 ta halarci Jami'ar Jihar SM Kirov Kazakh (wanda yanzu Jami'ar Al-Farabi Kazakh ta Ƙasa ce) sannan daga baya ta halarci Kwalejin Shari'a ta Jihar Moscow (wanda yanzu haka Jami'ar Shari'a ta Jihar Kutafin Moscow ce) inda ta kammala karatun digiri a fannin shari'a. <ref>{{Cite web |last=ОСИПОВА |first=ИРИНА |last2=БАССАРОВА |first2=ОЛЕСЯ |date=2022-10-22 |title=Что известно о кандидатах в президенты Казахстана - 22.10.2022 |url=https://kz.kursiv.media/2022-10-22/chto-izvestno-o-kandidatah-v-prezidenty-rk/ |access-date=2022-10-31 |website=Kursiv Media Казахстан |language=ru}}</ref> === Sana'a === A cikin shekarar 1999, Tursynbekova tare da 'ya'yanta, ta koma sabon babban birnin [[Astana]] inda bisa ga asusun ta, ta zauna a cikin gidaje daban-daban da aka hayar kuma an ruwaito cewa tana cikin "yanayin hauka" yayin da ta ci gaba da aiki har zuwa 2-3 AM.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Сағымхан |first=Меруерт |date=2022-10-27 |title=«Мен 15 рет жалдамалы пәтер ауыстырдым»: Тұрсынбекова әйелдерді үміт үзбеуге шақырды |url=https://turkystan.kz/article/201811-men-15-ret-zhaldamaly-peter-auystyrdym-tursynbekova-eyelderdi-umit-uzbeuge-shakyrdy/ |access-date=2022-10-31 |website=turkystan.kz |language=kk }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Daga shekara ta 2009, ta jagoranci Ma'aikatar Ma'aikata a karkashin Ofishin Babban Lauyan Kazakhstan kafin ta zama mai kula da Cibiyar Nazarin Shari'a da Umurni da Ci gaba da Horar da Ma'aikata karkashin ofishin inda a karkashin sa hannun ta, an kafa daftarin manufar ci gaban manufofin ma'aikatan hukumomin tilasta bin doka tare da yawan ayyukan shari'a kan batutuwan ma'aikatan ofis da inganta ayyukan da hukumomin tilastawa suka shirya. A karkashin mulkin Tursynbekova, an kafa ayyukan inganta ayyukan hukumomin tilasta bin doka, tare da gudanar da aikin ilimi da kuma hanyoyin aiki a duk yankuna na Kazakhstan.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Салтанат Тұрсынбекова тұралы |url=http://st22.kz/aboutkz |access-date=2022-10-31 |website=st22.kz |language=kk}}</ref> Daga Oktoban shekarar 2015 zuwa Janairun shekara ta 2019, ta yi aiki a matsayin babbar mataimakiyar Babban Mai Shari'a kan Ayyuka na Musamman da kuma mai ba da shawara ga Babban Mai Shari'a na Kazakhstan. A wancan lokacin, Tursynbekova ta zama wacce ta kafa kuma shugabar aikin zamantakewa na "Kazakhstan 'Yanci daga Zalunci a Gida" wanda Ofishin Babban Mai Shari'a ya tsara a ƙarƙashin taimakon Mata na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a 2016, wanda ke da nufin gyara dokokin Kazakhstan game da rigakafi da mayar da martani ga tashin hankalin cikin gida a ƙasar kuma daga baya ƙungiyoyin ƙasa da ƙasa suka yaba mata. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-08-28 |title=Kazakhstan's new plan to end domestic violence demonstrates multi-disciplinary action |url=https://eca.unwomen.org/en/news/stories/2017/08/feature-kazakhstans-plan-to-end-domestic-violence-demonstrates-multi-disciplinary-action |access-date=2022-10-31 |website=UN Women – Europe and Central Asia |language=en}}</ref> Tursynbekova ta shiga cikin zaman Mäjilis na watan Maris na 2017, inda ita da 'yan majalisa da dama suka tsara shawarwari kan dokar da aka tsara "Akan Yaƙi da Cin Zarafin Cikin Gida". <ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-12-11 |title="Казахстан без насилия в семье" - интервью представителя Генпрокуратуры о новом проекте |url=https://the-steppe.com/razvitie/kazahstan-bez-nasiliya-v-seme-intervyu-predstavitelya-genprokuratury-o-novom-proekte |access-date=2022-10-31 |website=the-steppe.com |language=ru}}</ref> A watan Oktoba na 2019, Tursynbekova ta ziyarci [[Geneva]] a matsayin wani ɓangare na tawagar Kazakhstan zuwa Kwamitin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Kawar da Wariya ga Mata kuma ta shiga cikin kare rahoton Kazakhstan kan aiwatar [[Yarjejeniyar kan kawar da dukkan nau'o'in nuna bambanci ga mata|da Yarjejeniyar Kawar da Duk Wani Nau'in Wariya ga Mata]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-10-24 |title=Consideration of Kazakhstan - 1724th Meeting, 74th Session Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women {{!}} UN Web TV |url=https://media.un.org/en/asset/k1m/k1mdy1fjfh |access-date=2022-10-31 |website=media.un.org |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Tun daga shekarar 2019, Tursynbekova ta yi aiki tare da hukumomin gwamnati da kungiyoyi na duniya da dama, ciki har da UN Women, wajen tantance tasirin hukumomin gwamnati na Kazakhstan, tsara kasafin kudi da kuma hana tashin hankali a cikin gida, da kuma gyara da kuma sake shigar da mata da 'yan mata cikin al'ummar da tashin hankali ya shafa. An gudanar da ayyukan inganta ayyukan kungiyoyin. === Yaƙin neman zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na 2022 === A ranar 11 ga Oktoban shekarar 2022, an bayyana cewa ƙungiyar jama'a ta Qazaq ta zaɓi Tursynbekova a matsayin shugabar ƙasa, inda ta bayyana sha'awarta ga batutuwa daban-daban na zamantakewa da kuma wataƙila batutuwan ƙasashen waje inda ta bayyana buƙatar bin tsarin da shugaba mai ci Kassym-Jomart Tokayev ya tsara, tare da ƙara da cewa duk wanda ya lashe zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na 2022 ya kamata ya bi "tsarin da ya dace". <ref>{{Cite web |last=МАЗОРЕНКО |first=ДМИТРИЙ |date=2022-10-11 |title=Правозащитница Салтанат Турсынбекова станет еще одним кандидатом в президенты |url=https://vlast.kz/novosti/52070-pravozasitnica-saltanat-tursynbekova-stanet-ese-odnim-kandidatom-v-prezidenty.html |access-date=2022-10-12 |website=Vlast |language=ru}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1966]] tgn27w83ydmmhsti9b2s0449jxcj3ch 0 146003 829798 811363 2026-05-05T03:28:29Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829798 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Farfesa '''Sheena Lovia Boateng''' mataimaki ce a Sashen Kasuwanci da Kasuwanci a [[Makarantar Kasuwanci ta Jami'ar Ghana|Makarantar Kasuwanci ta]] [[Jami'ar Ghana]] (UGBS). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sheena Lovia Boateng {{!}} University of Ghana Business School |url=https://ugbs.ug.edu.gh/faculty/sheena-lovia-boateng |access-date=2026-03-04 |website=ugbs.ug.edu.gh}}</ref> Har ila yau, ita ce babban darakta na Gidauniyar PearlRichards, mace ta farko da ta kammala digirin digirin digirgir a fannin tallace-tallace daga Jami'ar Ghana kuma ta kafa Cibiyar Mata a Ilimi ta Sama (WITE).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Nyameye |first=Ama |date=2025-09-17 |title=Prof. Sheena Boateng becomes UG's first female professor of marketing and entrepreneurship |url=https://sikamantimes.com/prof-sheena-boateng-becomes-ugs-first-female-professor-of-marketing-and-entrepreneurship/ |access-date=2026-03-04 |website=The Sikaman Times |language=en-US}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da Ilimi == Ta shafe wasu daga cikin shekarunta na farko a makarantar sakandare ta St. Monica a [[Mampong|Mampong-Asanti]], wanda ke cikin [[Yankin Ashanti]] na Ghana . Ta kammala karatu daga [[Jami'ar Ghana]] tare da digiri na farko a cikin tallace-tallace kuma daga baya ta sami duka MPhil da PhD a cikin talla a Jami'ar Kasuwancin Ghana a 2013 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sheena Lovia Boateng {{!}} University of Ghana Business School |url=https://ugbs.ug.edu.gh/faculty/sheena-lovia-boateng#:~:text=Prof.,and%20Entrepreneurship%20from%20the%20institution. |access-date=2026-03-07 |website=ugbs.ug.edu.gh}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Afful |first=Aba |date=2019-09-03 |title=Dr. Sheena Boateng: Ghana’s first female Ph.D. holder in marketing joins UGBS - YEN.COM.GH |url=https://yen.com.gh/132604-dr-sheena-boateng-ghanas-female-phd-holder-marketing-joins-ugbs.html |access-date=2026-03-07 |website=yen.com.gh |language=en}}</ref> . == Ayyuka == Dokta Lovia ta fara aikinta a matsayin malami a Jami'ar Ghana Business School (UGBS). An nada ta a matsayin malami a Ma'aikatar Tallace-tallace da Kasuwanci a ranar 15 ga watan Agusta, 2019.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Afful |first=Aba |date=2019-09-03 |title=Dr. Sheena Boateng: Ghana’s first female Ph.D. holder in marketing joins UGBS - YEN.COM.GH |url=https://yen.com.gh/132604-dr-sheena-boateng-ghanas-female-phd-holder-marketing-joins-ugbs.html |access-date=2026-03-07 |website=yen.com.gh |language=en}}</ref> Ta koyar da tallace-tallace kuma ta gudanar da bincike a cikin tallace-tafiyen dijital, kasuwanci, da ilmantarwa na lantarki. A shekara ta 2022, an inganta ta zuwa Babban malami a Makarantar Kasuwanci da Sashen Kasuwanci kuma ta rike mukamin gudanarwa a matsayin Mai Gudanar da Sadarwa na Kwalejin Humanities a Jami'ar Ghana .<ref>{{Cite web |last=Nyameye |first=Ama |date=2025-09-17 |title=Prof. Sheena Boateng becomes UG’s first female professor of marketing and entrepreneurship |url=https://sikamantimes.com/prof-sheena-boateng-becomes-ugs-first-female-professor-of-marketing-and-entrepreneurship/ |access-date=2026-03-07 |website=The Sikaman Times |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Fabrairun 2025, an inganta Lovia zuwa matsayin Mataimakin Farfesa na Kasuwanci da Kasuwanci, ta zama mace ta farko da ta sami farfesa a cikin tallace-tallace da kasuwanci a Jami'ar Ghana .<ref>{{Cite web |title=Prof. Sheena Boateng becomes UG’s first female professor of marketing and entrepreneurship |url=https://sikamantimes.com/tag/sheena-lovia-boateng |access-date=2026-03-07 |website=The Sikaman Times |language=en-US}}</ref> Cikakken binciken Farfesa Lovia ya rufe fannoni masu yawa tare da manyan fannoni shida: Kasuwancin Halin, Kasuwancin Kasuwanci, Kasuwanci da Kyau, Ilimin Artificial da Kasuwanci. Fasahar Ilimi da Kasuwancin, Fasahar Koyarwa, da Kasuwance da Kasuwanciya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dr. Sheena joins University of Ghana Business School – Citi Business News |url=https://citibusinessnews.com/2019/09/dr-sheena-joins-university-of-ghana-business-school/ |access-date=2026-03-07 |website=citibusinessnews.com}}</ref> Gudummawar da ta bayar ta haɗa da aikace-aikacen ka'idar hulɗa ta parasocial a cikin tallan masu tasiri, ka'idar amfani da alamomi a cikin alamar kamfanoni, da ci gaban tsarin asali na asali kamar yadda LEARN Model, wanda aka kafa a cikin alamomin Afirka, da DEQ (Ilimi na Ƙauni, Da'a, da Capabilities na Tambaya) don haɗa AI mai mahimmanci cikin ilimi. Ita ce jagora ko marubuciya mai dacewa ga mafi yawan abubuwan da ta fitar, waɗanda suka haɗa da labaran jaridu na Scopus, surori na littattafai, littattafai masu amfani akan SEM ta amfani da AMOS da SPSS, da rahotanni na masana'antu na hadin gwiwa. A halin yanzu tana aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Edita na Humanities da Social Sciences Communications, Jaridar Springer Nature . [1] Ta taba aiki a Kwamitin Ba da Shawara na Edita na Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies (UK) kuma an gayyace ta don shiga kwamitin edita na Journal of Rural Business (Jami'ar West Alabama). Ita Fellow ce ta Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Tallace kuma an buga bincikenta a cikin Ci gaban Bayanai, Jaridar Kasuwancin Bankin Duniya, Jaridar Tallace-tallace ta Tallaze, Jaridar Duniya ta Kasuwancin Abokin Ciniki da Gudanarwa, Yanayin Ilimi Mai Ilimi, da Jaridar Fasahar Ilimi. Ɗaya daga cikin ayyukanta kan ka'idar sigina an san shi a cikin Jaridar Kasuwancin Bankin Duniya a cikin 2019. Farfesa Lovia Boateng ita ce kuma ta kafa Cibiyar Mata a Ilimi na Ƙasa (WITE), wacce aka sadaukar don tallafawa mata a cikin ilimi tare da bincike, iyali, da tafiye-tafiye na aiki. Ra'ayinta game da hada-hadar, fasahar fasaha, da kuma ilimi da kasuwanci na ɗabi'a suna ci gaba da tsara manufofi, karfafa dalibai, da kuma karfafa al'ummomi a duk faɗin Ghana da waje.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sheena Lovia Boateng {{!}} University of Ghana Business School |url=https://ugbs.ug.edu.gh/faculty/sheena-lovia-boateng#:~:text=Prof.,and%20Entrepreneurship%20from%20the%20institution. |access-date=2026-03-07 |website=ugbs.ug.edu.gh}}</ref> == Littattafai da Bincike == Boateng ya shirya kuma ya ba da gudummawa ga littattafan ilimi da yawa game da sababbin abubuwa na dijital, hankali na wucin gadi, da tattalin arzikin dijital. * Digital Innovations, Business and Society in Africa: New Frontiers and a Shared Strategic Vision (Springer), tare da Richard Boateng da Thomas Anning-Dorson - 2021 <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-12-18 |title=Digital Innovations, Business and Society in Africa: New Frontiers and a Shared Strategic Vision (Advances in Theory and Practice of Emerging Markets) {{!}} Auntie's Bookstore |url=https://auntiesbooks.com/book/9783030779863 |access-date=2026-03-07 |website=auntiesbooks.com |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> . * ''Karfafa Mata a cikin Tattalin Arziki na Dijital: Binciken Ma'ana da Samun dama a Kasashe Masu Ci Gaban'' (Routledge) - 2023 . * AI da Tattalin Arziki mai Kirkirar: Canja Halitta da Halitta na Abinda ke da Muhimmanci (Routledge) - 2025 <ref>{{Cite web |title=AI and the Creative Economy: Transforming Content Creation and Influencer Entrepreneurship |url=https://www.routledge.com/AI-and-the-Creative-Economy-Transforming-Content-Creation-and-Influencer-Entrepreneurship/Boateng-Boateng-Anning-Dorson-AdzakuPenu/p/book/9781032975962 |access-date=2026-03-07 |website=Routledge & CRC Press |language=en}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 5vp9lgscxhkdxwyxjnyirmy97neatl6 0 146203 829753 811951 2026-05-04T22:58:59Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829753 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Satang Nabaneh''' Masanin shari'a ne na Gambiya, Mai fafutukar kare hakkin mata, mai ba da shawara kan adalci na zamantakewa, kuma mai kula da haƙƙin ɗan adam. Ita ce Daraktan Shirye-shirye da Binciken Farfesa na Shari'a a Cibiyar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Jami'ar Dayton a [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]]. <ref name="UDayton">{{Cite web |title=Satang Nabaneh |url=https://udayton.edu/directory/artssciences/hrc/nabaneh-satang.php |access-date=24 October 2025 |website=University of Dayton}}</ref> Ayyukanta suna mai da hankali kan dokar tsarin mulki, [[Daidaiton jinsi|daidaito tsakanin jinsi]], da haƙƙin kiwon lafiya na jima'i da haihuwa a [[Afirka]]. A cikin 2024, an kira ta daya daga cikin "10 Masanan Afirka da za a Kula" ta <nowiki><i id="mwFw">Rahoton Afirka</i></nowiki> tare da [[Toyin Ajao]], Naminata Diabate, da [[Simukai Chigudu]] saboda gudummawar da ta bayar ga ka'idar shari'ar mata da manufofin jama'a.<ref name="AfricaReport2024">{{Cite web |date=23 January 2024 |title=10 African scholars to watch in 2024 |url=https://www.theafricareport.com/334013/10-african-scholars-to-watch-in-2024/ |access-date=24 October 2025 |website=The Africa Report}}</ref> '''Zaɓuɓɓuka zuwa ACERWC''' A watan Fabrairun 2026, an zabi Nabaneh a matsayin memba na '''Kwamitin Masana na Afirka kan 'Yancin da Lafiyar Yara (ACERWC) ''' don wa'adin 2026-2031. <ref>{{Cite web |title=AU Executive Council Elects Seven Members to the ACERWC {{!}} ACERWC - African Committee of Experts on the Rights and Welfare of the Child |url=https://www.acerwc.africa/en/article/news/au-executive-council-elects-seven-members-acerwc |access-date=2026-02-17 |website=www.acerwc.africa}}</ref> Gwamnatin Jamhuriyar Gambiya ce ta zaba ta, ta sami kuri'u 43 a lokacin zaman zartarwa na 48 na Majalisar Zartarwa ta Tarayyar Afirka da aka gudanar a Addis Ababa, Habasha.<ref>{{Cite web |title=𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐆𝐚𝐦𝐛𝐢𝐚’𝐬 𝐃𝐫. 𝐒𝐚𝐭𝐚𝐧𝐠 𝐍𝐚𝐛𝐚𝐧𝐞𝐡 𝐄𝐥𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐞𝐝 𝐭𝐨 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐀𝐟𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐧 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐦𝐢𝐭𝐭𝐞𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐭𝐬 𝐨𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐑𝐢𝐠𝐡𝐭𝐬 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐖𝐞𝐥𝐟𝐚𝐫𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐂𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐝 (𝐀𝐂𝐄𝐑𝐖𝐂) – Ministry of Foreign Affairs, International Cooperation and Gambians Abroad |url=https://mofa.gov.gm/%f0%9d%90%93%f0%9d%90%a1%f0%9d%90%9e-%f0%9d%90%86%f0%9d%90%9a%f0%9d%90%a6%f0%9d%90%9b%f0%9d%90%a2%f0%9d%90%9a%f0%9d%90%ac-%f0%9d%90%83%f0%9d%90%ab-%f0%9d%90%92%f0%9d%90%9a%f0%9d%90%ad/ |access-date=2026-02-17 |language=en-US}}</ref> == Ilimi == An haifi Nabaneh a Gambiya kuma ta sami digiri na farko na Dokoki (LL.B.) daga Jami'ar Gambiya a shekarar 2012. <ref name="NabanehEducation">{{Cite web |title=Educational Background – Satang Nabaneh |url=https://satangnabaneh.com/education/ |access-date=24 October 2025 |website=Satang Nabaneh}}</ref><ref name="VoelkerrechtsInterview2022">{{Cite journal |last=Nabaneh |first=Satang |last2=Katsoni |first2=Spyridoula |date=9 December 2022 |title=Chatting with Satang Nabaneh |url=https://voelkerrechtsblog.org/chatting-with-satang-nabaneh/ |journal=Völkerrechtsblog |doi=10.17176/20221209-121442-0 |access-date=24 October 2025}}</ref> Ta kammala Master of Laws (LL.M.) a cikin 'Yancin Dan Adam da Dimokuradiyya a Afirka da kuma Doctor of Laws-ta (LL.D.) a [[Jami'ar Pretoria]] a [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. <ref name="VoelkerrechtsInterview2022" /><ref name="CHR">{{Cite web |date=8 February 2018 |title=Dr Satang Nabaneh |url=https://www.chr.up.ac.za/news-wru/15-about/54-satang-nabaneh |access-date=24 October 2025 |website=Centre for Human Rights, University of Pretoria}}</ref> Tana da digiri na biyu (PhD) a fannin shari'a daga Jami'ar Washington, Amurka. == Ayyuka == Nabaneh masanin shari'a ne kuma malami wanda aikinsa ya kunshi Dokar haƙƙin ɗan adam ta duniya, dokar tsarin mulki ta kwatanta, Ka'idar shari'ar mata da kuma lafiyar jima'i da haihuwa da kuma matsalolin haƙƙin mallaka.[1] Ta yi aiki a matsayin abokiyar postdoctoral a Cibiyar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam a Pretoria kuma a halin yanzu tana da alƙawari na hadin gwiwa a Cibiyar Kula da Hakkin Dan Dan Adam ta Jami'ar Dayton da Makarantar Shari'a.[2] Ita ce ta kafa Law Hub Gambia, dandalin ilimi na jama'a da kuma binciken shari'a, kuma co-kafa Think Young Women, kungiyar da ke mai da hankali kan karfafa mata matasa ta hanyar jagoranci da bayar da shawarwari. A watan Fabrairun 2026, an zabi Nabaneh a matsayin memba na Kwamitin Masana na Afirka kan 'Yancin da Lafiyar Yara (ACERWC), wani bangare na Tarayyar Afirka.<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 February 2026 |title=Dr Nabaneh appointed into experts committee of African child welfare and rights |url=https://standard.gm/dr-nabaneh-appointed-into-experts-committee-of-african-child-welfare-and-rights/ |access-date=15 February 2026 |website=The Standard}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bah |first=Isatou Ceesay |date=13 February 2026 |title=Dr Satang Nabaneh elected to AU child rights body in historic first for UTG law faculty |url=https://thepoint.gm/africa/gambia/headlines/dr-satang-nabaneh-elected-to-au-child-rights-body-in-historic-first-for-utg-law-faculty |access-date=15 February 2026 |website=The Point}}</ref> == Bincike da bayar da shawarwari == Binciken Nabaneh yana magance haɗuwa da doka, jinsi, da kiwon lafiya a cikin tsarin shari'ar Afirka. <ref name="VoelkerrechtsInterview2022"/> Ta rubuta da yawa game da haƙƙin jima'i da haihuwa, ƙin yarda da lamiri a cikin kula da zubar da ciki, da kuma yanayin jinsi na sake fasalin tsarin mulki.<ref name="VoelkerrechtsInterview2022" /><ref name="CMIChildhood2025">{{Cite web |date=19 September 2025 |title=A Childhood that shaped Activism: Satang Nabaneh |url=https://www.cmi.no/news/3508-a-childhood-that-shaped-activism-satang-nabaneh |access-date=24 October 2025 |website=Chr. Michelsen Institute}}</ref> A cikin 2024, ta gabatar da babban lacca a kan "Jima'i na Siyasa na Autocratization a Afirka" a Cibiyar Bincike kan Rashin hankali da Paternalism da LawTransform ta Jami'ar Bergen.<ref name="LawTransform2024">{{Cite web |date=March 2024 |title=Gendered Politics of Autocratization in Africa |url=https://www.lawtransform.no/event/gendered-politics-of-autocratization-in-africa/ |access-date=24 October 2025 |website=LawTransform }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A watan Mayu na wannan shekarar, an nakalto Nabaneh a cikin mujallar Time yana nuna damuwa cewa soke haramcin Gambiya kan [[Haƙƙoƙin Mata|'Yancin mata]] na iya lalata kokarin yankin don kare hakkin mata. Nabaneh an nakalto shi yana cewa, "Wani lokaci ina yin ba'a cewa ban taɓa samun ƙuruciya ta al'ada ba. Lokacin da wasu yara ke waje suna wasa, ina zaune a tarurruka tare da shugabanni. Yana da ban sha'awa amma kuma ya sa na fahimci tun da wuri cewa na ɗauki al'umma, ga ƙasarmu, ga Afirka. "<ref name="CMIChildhood2025"/> == Bayanan da aka ambata == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 49kqhe71t798ui34p6r1k2kn7vpjk2q 0 146475 829629 812860 2026-05-04T17:37:16Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829629 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Safia Elmi Djibril''' (an haife ta a shekara ta 1963) 'yar siyasar ƙasar Djibouti, ce kuma mai fafutukar kare hakkin mata. Ita 'yar majalisa ce ta ƙasa daga jam'iyyar People's Rally for Progress, wacce ke cikin ƙawancen jam'iyyar masu rinjayen shugaban ƙasa mai mulki. == Aikin siyasa == Safia Elmi Djibril ta fara shiga siyasa ne ta hanyar aikinta kan shirye-shiryen kiwon lafiya na [[Jibuti (ƙasa)|Djibouti]]. Ta daɗe tana adawa da yi wa mata kaciya da sauran al'adun gargajiya da ke cutar da mata da yara. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Vice Presidents |url=https://iac-ciaf.net/vice-presidents/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624201318/https://iac-ciaf.net/vice-presidents/ |archive-date=2021-06-24 |access-date=2021-01-15 |website=Inter-African Committee on Traditional Practices (IAC) |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Djama |first=Fatouma Youssouf |last2=Djibril |first2=Safia Elmi |date=November 2009 |title=MGF: plaidoiries pour la fin d'un fléau psycho-socio-culturel |url=https://human-village.org/spip.php?article167 |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2021-01-15 |website=Human Village |language=fr}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2005-02-02 |title=Conferenza sub-regionale per l'eliminazione delle mutilazioni genitali femminili |url=http://www.radioradicale.it/scheda/229756/conferenza-sub-regionale-per-leliminazione-delle-mutilazioni-genitali-femminili |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2021-01-15 |website=Radio Radicale |language=it}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Saint-Jean |first=Arnaud |date=2001-01-25 |title=CONFERENCE SUR LES MUTILATIONS GENITALES FEMININES. A UNE SEMAINE DU GRAND JOUR LE MEDIA SE MOBILISENT |url=http://www.npwj.org/GHR/Sub-Regional-Conference-Female-Genital-Mutilation-Towards-a-political-and-religious-consensus-12 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624201838/http://www.npwj.org/GHR/Sub-Regional-Conference-Female-Genital-Mutilation-Towards-a-political-and-religious-consensus-12 |archive-date=2021-06-24 |access-date=2021-01-15 |website=La Nation |language=fr}}</ref> === Majalisar Dokoki ta Ƙasa === Djibril 'yar majalisar dokoki ce daga jam'iyyar People's Rally for Progress, wacce ke da alaƙa da jam'iyyar Union for the Presidential Majority coalition mai mulki. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=8ème Législature |url=http://www.assemblee-nationale.dj/Archives/Anciennes-l%C3%A9gislatures/8 |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2021-01-15 |website=Assemblée Nationale de Djibouti |language=fr}}</ref> Tana wakiltar Quartier 7, wani yanki na [[Jibuti (birni)|babban birnin da aka fi sani da babban birnin]]. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Hared |first=Hassan Cher |date=2019-03-07 |title=Djibouti/Somalie : La branche Habar-Awale/Isaaq de la mafia djibouto-somalienne et sa connexion avec les islamistes de la Corne. |url=https://www.hch24.com/actualites/03/2019/djibouti-somalie-la-branche-habar-awale-isaaq-de-la-mafia-djibouto-somalienne-et-sa-connexion-avec-les-islamistes-de-la-corne/ |access-date=2021-01-15 |website=HCH24 |language=fr-FR }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> An fara zaɓenta a zaɓen 'yan majalisar dokoki na Djibouti a shekarar 2008, inda ta haɗu da wasu mata kaɗan a majalisar, ciki har da [[Aïcha Mohamed Robleh]] da [[Hasna Barkat Daoud]]. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=6ème Législature |url=http://www.assemblee-nationale.dj/Archives/Anciennes-l%C3%A9gislatures/6 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220303062602/http://www.assemblee-nationale.dj/Archives/Anciennes-l%C3%A9gislatures/6 |archive-date=2022-03-03 |access-date=2021-01-15 |website=Assemblée Nationale de Djibouti}}</ref> Djibril na ɗaya daga cikin jerin mata da suka shiga fagen siyasa a Djibouti, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Babu mata a majalisar dokokin Djibouti, a shekarar 2000, amma yanzu dokar ta buƙaci aƙalla kashi 25 cikin 100 na 'yan majalisa su zama mata, matakin da ya kusan cika a zaɓen shekara ta 2018. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Musau |first=Zipporah |date=2019-04-08 |title=African Women in politics: Miles to go before parity is achieved |url=https://www.un.org/africarenewal/magazine/april-2019-july-2019/african-women-politics-miles-go-parity-achieved |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2021-01-15 |website=Africa Renewal |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=IPU PARLINE database: DJIBOUTI (Assemblée nationale), Last elections |url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/2089_E.htm |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2021-01-15 |website=Inter-Parliamentary Union}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2018-02-26 |title=Djibouti ruling party claims landslide parliamentary win |url=https://www.africanews.com/2018/02/26/djibouti-ruling-party-claims-landslide-parliamentary-win/ |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2021-01-15 |website=Africanews |language=en}}</ref> A shekarar 2019, Djibril ta taimaka wajen kafa majalisar mata a cikin majalisar dokoki. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2019-12-17 |title=CAUCUS DES FEMMES PARLEMENTAIRES DJIBOUTIENNES (CFPD) |url=http://www.assemblee-nationale.dj/actualit%C3%A9s/88/Caucus-des-femmes-parlementaires-djiboutiennes-(CFPD) |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2021-01-15 |website=Assemblée Nationale de Djibouti |language=fr}}</ref> Ta yi aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar shugaban ƙasa ta biyu a majalisar ministocin Shugaba Ismaïl Omar Guelleh da kuma memba a Babbar Kotun Shari'a. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Membre du bureau du Président |url=http://www.assemblee-nationale.dj/pr%C3%A9sidence/membre-du-bureau |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2021-01-15 |website=Assemblée Nationale de Djibouti |language=fr}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2019-10-02 |title=VISITE OFFICIELLE D'UNE DÉLÉGATION DE HAUT NIVEAU DU CONGRÈS DES ETATS-UNIS |url=http://www.assemblee-nationale.dj/actualit%C3%A9s/42/Visite-officielle-d%27une-d%C3%A9l%C3%A9gation-de-haut-niveau-du-Congr%C3%A8s-des-Etats-unis |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2021-01-15 |website=Assemblée Nationale de Djibouti |language=fr}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Commission de la haute cour de justice |url=http://www.assemblee-nationale.dj/index.php/les-d%C3%A9put%C3%A9s/les-commissions-parlementaires/3/Commission-De-La-Haute-Cour-De-Justice |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2021-01-15 |website=Assemblée Nationale de Djibouti |language=fr}}</ref> Bayan zaɓen shekara ta 2023, an naɗa ta a matsayin mataimakiyar shugabar majalisar dokoki ta farko. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Le Chef de l’Etat reçoit le nouveau Président de l’Assemblée nationale djiboutienne |url=https://www.presidence.dj/article/le-chef-de-l-etat-recoit-le-nouveau-president-de-l-assemblee-nationale-djiboutienne-1212 |access-date=2025-03-06 |website=Republique de Djibouti |language=fr}}</ref> === Ƙungiyoyin Pan-African === Abin da Djibril ke mayar da hankali a kai shi ne lafiyar mata da yara, kuma ita ce mataimakiyar shugabar kwamitin hulɗa da ƙasashen Afirka kan al'adu da ke shafar lafiyar mata da yara, tana wakiltar matar shugaban ƙasar Djibouti, Kadra Mahamoud Haid. <ref name=":0"/> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Semprini |first=Francesco |date=2018-10-12 |title=A Gibuti i militari italiani in prima linea su sicurezza e cooperazione |url=https://www.lastampa.it/esteri/2018/10/12/news/a-gibuti-i-militari-italiani-in-prima-linea-su-sicurezza-e-cooperazione-1.34052104 |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2021-01-15 |website=La Stampa |language=it-IT}}</ref> Ta kasance memba a [[Majalisar Dokokin Afirka|Majalisar Pan-African]], wacce a da ta yi aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar shugabar hukumar har zuwa shekara ta 2018. <ref name=":0"/> Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin wani ɓangare na Ƙungiyar Mata ta Majalisar Pan-African. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-07-30 |title=UNFPA rallies parliamentarians |url=https://esaro.unfpa.org/en/news/unfpa-rallies-parliamentarians |access-date=2021-01-15 |website=UNFPA ESARO |language=en}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1963]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] oqw8gu7whzmonlos5ziy1cbww29gwh8 0 146547 830031 813303 2026-05-05T09:37:13Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 830031 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Solange Kwale Dangba''', wacce wani lokacin ake kiranta da laƙabin '''Ya Kwale''',<ref name="geopolis">{{Cite news | author1=Patrick Ilunga | author2=Robert Tanzey | title=Candidate du jour : Solange Kwale la nouvelle image de la Lukunga | website=Geopolis Hebdo | url=https://www.geopolismagazine.net/candidate-du-jour-solange-kwale-la-nouvelle-image-de-la-lukunga/ | access-date=4 March 2021 }}</ref> 'yar jarida ce kuma 'yar siyasa a [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kongo]]. <ref name="Bolongaro"/> == Rayuwa == Kwale ta kammala karatunta a fannin aikin jarida a [[Institut supérieur de traducteurs et interprètes]] (ISTI) da ke Brussels.<ref>{{cite news | author=Lambert Saïdi | title=Législatives 2018: Solange Kwale conquiert l’électorat de Barumbu! | date=7 December 2018 | website=La Prosperite | url=https://laprosperiteonline.net/2018/12/07/politique/legislatives-2018-solange-kwale-conquiert-lelectorat-de-barumbu/ | access-date=4 March 2021 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Ita ce mai masaukin baki a ''Mpifo'', shirin talabijin na farko na siyasa a harshen Lingala. <ref name="Bolongaro"/> Bayan Joseph Kabila ya lashe zaɓen shekara ta 2006, ta yi hira da [[Jean-Pierre Bemba]], wanda ya zargi Kabila da cin hanci da rashawa. <ref name="Bolongaro">{{Cite web |last=Kait Bolongaro |date=3 January 2017 |title=Women Stand Up to the Perils of Covering Politics in DRC |url=https://deeply.thenewhumanitarian.org/womenandgirls/articles/2017/01/03/women-stand-perils-covering-politics-drc |access-date=4 March 2021 |website=The New Humanitarian}}</ref> Sojojin gwamnati sun kai samame ofishin Kwale kuma ta ɓuya na tsawon watanni biyu. Ta dawo bayan da abokai da ke da alaƙa da gwamnatin Kabila suka gaya mata cewa shugaban bai sake ɗaukarta a matsayin barazana ba. <ref name="Bolongaro"/> A babban zaɓen shekarar 2018, Kwale ta tsaya takarar zaɓen 'yan majalisar Lukunga. <ref name="Bolongaro"/> amma bata yi nasara ba.<ref>{{cite news | title=Lukunga : Parmi les perdants, Luhaka, Kambinga, Kudura, Mukebayi, Wivine Moleka et bien d’autres surprises | date=12 January 2019 | website =[[Actualite.cd]] | url=https://actualite.cd/2019/01/12/lukunga-parmi-les-perdants-luhaka-kambinga-kudura-mukebayi-wivine-moleka-et-bien-dautres | access-date=4 March 2021 }}</ref> Shafin yanar gizo na mata [[Pourelle.info]] ya haɗa da Kwale a cikin jerin mata hamsin masu kwarin gwiwa daga Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kongo a shekarar 2021.<ref>{{cite news | author=Eurydice Nzembele | title=Pourelle.info rend public son classement des 50 femmes qui inspirent | date=1 March 2021 | url=https://actu7.cd/2021/03/01/1er-mars-2021-pourelle-info-rend-public-son-classement-des-50-femmes-qui-inspirent/ | access-date=4 March 2021 }}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://newsvideo.su/video/9997301 Mata da Za a Kalla: Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo (DRC)] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 7w2k2nbupo0856ut7t9yq51du9u1w0m 0 146806 829945 814704 2026-05-05T08:31:08Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829945 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Sister Namibia''', wacce a da aka fi sani da '''Sister Namibia Collective''', ƙungiya ce [[Feminism|mai zaman kanta]] mai zaman kanta wacce ba ta gwamnati ba (NGO) wacce ke [[Windhoek]], [[Namibiya|Namibia]] . An kafa ƙungiyar a shekarar 1989 a jajibirin samun 'yancin kai daga [[Afirka ta Kudu]] . Sister Namibia tana fafutukar kare haƙƙin mata kuma tana gudanar da ayyukan da ke haɓaka daidaiton jinsi gaba ɗaya a cikin duniyar da ba ta da tashin hankali, wariya, da zalunci. <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Frank |first=Liz |last2={{!}}Khaxas |first2=Elizabeth |year=2006 |title=Sister Namibia: Fighting for All Human Rights for All Women |journal=Feminist Africa |volume=6 |pages=83}}</ref> Tun daga lokacin da aka kafa ta, babban aikin ƙungiyar shine samar da Mujallar Sister Namibia. A shekarun 1990, Sister Namibia ta faɗaɗa ayyukanta don haɗawa da shirye-shiryen ilimi, bincike, fafutuka, hulɗa da kafofin watsa labarai, da ayyukan al'adu don tallafawa haƙƙin mata. == Tarihi == === Asalin === Kafa Ƙungiyar 'Yan'uwa Namibia Collective ya biyo bayan labarin 'yancin Namibia. Bayan [[Yaƙin Duniya na I|Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya]], Ƙungiyar Ƙasashen Duniya ta ba da umarnin cewa Namibia, wacce a lokacin ake kira Kudu maso Yammacin Afirka, ta kasance ƙarƙashin mulkin [[Afirka ta Kudu]] . Ba wai kawai an sanya wariyar launin fata a ƙarƙashin mulkin Afirka ta Kudu ba, har ma an takaita haƙƙin mata. A matsayin waɗanda ba su kai shekarun da suka kai shekaru ba, matan aure za su iya shiga cikin harkokin shari'a ne kawai tare da izinin mazajensu. Matan Namibia sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a fannin siyasa da shugabanci na soja a cikin dogon yaƙin neman 'yancin kai kuma waɗannan shugabannin sun tabbatar da cewa haƙƙin mata ya zama wani ɓangare na dandamalin 'yancin kai. Lokacin da Namibia ta sami 'yancin kai a shekarar 1990, sabon kundin tsarin mulki ya ba da tabbacin "haƙƙoƙin da ba za a iya kwacewa ba na dukkan membobin dangin ɗan adam... ba tare da la'akari da launin fata, launin fata, asalin ƙabila, jinsi, addini, akida ko matsayin zamantakewa ko tattalin arziki ba." <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Constitution of The Republic of Namibia |url=http://www.orusovo.com/namcon/}}</ref> Duk da haka, kariyar haƙƙin ɗan adam a ƙarƙashin doka ba koyaushe ake gani a aikace ba. Elizabeth Khaxis da Liz Frank ne suka kafa Ƙungiyar 'Yar'uwar Namibia saboda sun fahimci cewa mata da yawa a Namibia ba su ma san cewa suna da haƙƙin ɗan adam ba. Manufar Ƙungiyar 'Yar'uwar Namibia ita ce samar da ilimi da bayanai game da haƙƙin mata na shari'a da kuma samar da albarkatu da ƙwarewa domin mata su iya neman haƙƙinsu. Ƙungiyar ta yi aiki ba bisa ƙa'ida ba a farkon shekarun ba tare da gini ko ma'aikata masu albashi ba. Babban aikinta a wancan lokacin shine buga Mujallar 'Yar'uwar Namibia "don yin magana game da duk wani nau'in zalunci da wariya ga mata, da kuma sake rubuta mata tarihin Namibia." An ƙirƙiri mujallar da ƙarancin albarkatu ta hanyar masu sa kai waɗanda suka haɗu a gidajen membobin. Darakta na yanzu shine [[Vida de Voss]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 June 2014 |title=Contact us |url=https://sisternamibia.com/contact-us/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180909073852/https://sisternamibia.com/contact-us/ |archive-date=9 September 2018 |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=sisternamibia.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 June 2014 |title=Vision |url=https://sisternamibia.com/about/vision/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180909073811/https://sisternamibia.com/about/vision/ |archive-date=9 September 2018 |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=sisternamibia.com}}</ref> === Ƙoƙarin kare haƙƙin LGBTIQ === A shekarar 1993, ƙungiyar Sister Namibia Collective ta faɗaɗa manufofinta na zama ƙungiya ta farko ta Namibia da ta kare haƙƙin 'yan madigo da 'yan luwaɗi. Mujallar Sister Namibia ta fara haɗa labarai game da rayuwa da gwagwarmayar 'yan madigo da mata masu luwaɗi yayin da ƙungiyar ta zama mai kalubalantar ƙiyayya ga 'yan luwaɗi a cikin labarai. Luwaɗi ba batun muhawara ba ne a bainar jama'a a farkon shekarun 'yancin kai na Namibia, amma bayan da shugaban Zimbabwe [[Robert Mugabe]] ya yi Allah wadai da 'yan luwaɗi a matsayin "ƙasa da aladu da karnuka" da kuma "ba 'yan Afirka ba" a shekarar 1995, jami'an Namibia suka bi sahunsu. A watan Oktoban 1995 , Hadino Hishongwa, Mataimakin Ministan Filaye, Matsugunni, da Gyaran Hali na Namibia, ya shaida wa wani ɗan jarida cewa luwaɗi yana kama da "ciwon daji ko AIDS" kuma ya ba da shawarar a "yi wa 'yan luwaɗi tiyata don cire hormones marasa kyau." Sister Namibia ta bayar da martanin da ke goyon bayan kundin tsarin mulkin Namibia: "Mun yi imanin cewa 'yan luwadi da madigo ya kamata su sami haƙƙoƙi iri ɗaya da na maza a kowane fanni na rayuwa." A watan Disamba na 1996 a taron mata na uku [[SWAPO|na ƙungiyar jama'ar Afirka ta Kudu maso Yammacin Afirka (SWAPO)]] a Gobabis, shugaban ƙasar Namibia [[Sam Nujoma]] ya yi watsi da jawabin da ya shirya kuma ya yi gargaɗin cewa masu luwadi suna cin zarafin dimokuraɗiyya ta Namibia kuma ya ayyana cewa "dole ne a ɗauki duk matakan da suka wajaba don yaƙi da tasirin da ke shafar mu da 'ya'yanmu ta hanya mara kyau. Dole ne a yi Allah wadai da kuma watsi da 'yan luwadi a cikin al'ummarmu." Sister Namibia ta nemi Nujoma ta nemi afuwa kuma ta yi kira ga 'yan Namibia da su "tashi tsaye tare yanzu su yi magana a kan wannan ko wani nau'in kalaman ƙiyayya da zalunci da ake yi wa duk wani memba na al'ummarmu." Saboda jajircewarta na tsayawa tsayin daka kan jami'an gwamnati wajen kare haƙƙin tsirarun jinsi, da kuma sanya muryoyin 'yan madigo da maza biyu a cikin Mujallar Sister Namibia, [[OutRight Action International|Hukumar Kare Hakkin Bil Adama ta Duniya (IGLHRC)]] ta bai wa Sister Namibia [[OutRight Action International|kyautar Felipa de Souza]] ta 1997. <ref>{{Cite journal |year=1997 |title=An Award Came our Way |journal=Sister Namibia |volume=9 |issue=2 |pages=16}}</ref> A farkon 1997, a martanin da ta mayar kan kalaman nuna kyamar 'yan luwadi da Shugaba [[Sam Nujoma]] ya yi, Sister Namibia ta samar da wurin taro kuma ta taimaka wajen kafa [[Shirin Rainbow na Namibia.|The Rainbow Project]], wata cibiyar fafutuka da tallafi ga 'yan madigo da maza 'yan luwadi a Namibia. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Frank |first=Liz |last2={{!}}Khaxas |first2=Elizabeth |year=2006 |title=Sister Namibia: Fighting for All Human Rights for All Women |journal=Feminist Africa |volume=6 |pages=85}}</ref> == Ilimi da kafofin watsa labarai == === ''Mujallar 'Yar'uwa Namibia'' === An buga ''Mujallar Sister Namibia'' sau da yawa a shekara tun daga shekarar 1989 a cikin harsuna uku: [[Turanci]], [[Afrikaans|Afirka]], da [[Harshen Ovambo|Oshiwambo]] . Ana amfani da mujallar don "ƙarfafa wayar da kan mata, maza da matasa game da hanyoyin da tsarin siyasa, zamantakewa, al'adu, shari'a da tattalin arziki na 'yan mata da mata ke amfani da shi wajen sarrafa iko." <ref>{{Cite web |last=Frank |first=Liz |title=Sister Namibia: Fighting for all human rights for all women |url=http://agi.ac.za/sites/agi.ac.za/files/fa_6_profile_1.pdf |access-date=2026-03-28 |archive-date=2016-07-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160730215201/http://agi.ac.za/sites/agi.ac.za/files/fa_6_profile_1.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya haɗa da bayanan mata masu tasiri tare da labaran da aka buga, sharhi daga littattafai da aka haɗa a cibiyar albarkatun su, da labaran bayanai waɗanda ke bayyana batutuwa kamar cin zarafin mata, mata a gwamnatin Namibia, da batutuwan lafiyar mata. <ref> name=":8" </ref> Mujallar tana rarrabawa a kowane wata a ko'ina cikin Namibia. Akwai fom ɗin biyan kuɗi a gidan yanar gizon su don yin odar ƙasashen duniya. Taskar bugu tun daga na farko, wanda aka buga a watan Yulin 1989, yana samuwa a gidan yanar gizon su. Manufar Sister Namibia tare da mujallar ita ce ta mai da hankali kan matsalolin da matan Namibia ke fuskanta. Suna kuma son mata su iya bayyana kansu ta hanyar rubuce-rubuce da fasaha, su san batutuwa kamar ƙin jinin baƙi da cin zarafin tattalin arziki, da kuma ƙalubalantar zalunci ta hanyar ilimi. === Cibiyar Albarkatu === Babban ofishin 'yar'uwa Namibia yana da ɗakin karatu mai littattafai sama da 2,000 kan batutuwa daban-daban, ciki har da haƙƙin mata, jima'i, jinsi, da tashin hankali. Manyan manufofin cibiyar albarkatun ƙasa sune a ci gaba da kula da ita da littattafai da takardu kan batutuwan jinsi da mata, gami da motsin mata na Namibia. Ana tattara waɗannan albarkatun ne daga ƙungiyoyin mata na gida da na ƙasashen waje da cibiyoyin bincike. Suna kuma da nufin samun damar rarraba albarkatun da aka tattara yadda ya kamata ga sauran ƙungiyoyin mata da ƙungiyoyin sa kai na ƙasa da ƙasa. === Kafofin sada zumunta === Sister Namibia tana gudanar da wani shafin yanar gizo, wanda aka shirya a shafin yanar gizon su, tun daga watan Fabrairun 2013. A wannan shafin yanar gizon, suna wallafa labarai game da abubuwan da ke faruwa a yanzu, batutuwan mata, da damar fafutuka. Sun kuma haɗa da rubuce-rubuce daga masu horo, ma'aikata, da abokai a cikin ƙungiyar. Sister Namibia kuma tana gudanar da wani shafin yanar gizo musamman don gudummawar masu karatunsu. Ga waƙoƙi da ra'ayoyi da mutanen da suka saba da Sister Namibia suka gabatar. Akwai wani shafin yanar gizo na uku, mai suna Sister Namibia, wanda aka shirya a Blogspot . Sister Namibia ta bayyana cewa suna amfani da intanet don "yin labarai, hulɗa da wasu mata". <ref> name=":9">{{Cite web |last=Olsson |first=Asa |date=8 June 2007 |title=Grass Root Communication for Social Change: A Case Study of the Communication Work In A Namibian NGO |url=http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:205561/FULLTEXT01.pdf |pages=30–31}}</ref> Sister Namibia kuma tana gudanar da wani shafin [[YouTube]], inda suke da bidiyoyi da ke bayyana batutuwan mata kamar fyade a aure da cin zarafin mata. Suna gudanar da gwaje-gwajen zamantakewa tare da yin hira da shaidun da ke cikin bidiyon. A shafinsu [[Fezbuk|na Facebook]], Sister Namibia tana raba rubuce-rubuce daga shafin yanar gizon su da kuma daga wasu sassan Afirka. Suna kuma wallafa hotuna daga tarurruka da shirye-shiryen wayar da kan jama'a da kuma fafutukar kare hakkin jama'a. Bugu da ƙari, suna raba bidiyoyin YouTube masu dacewa. Duk da cewa Sister Namibia ta fahimci muhimmancin intanet da kafofin sada zumunta, rashin albarkatu da ilimi na kawo ƙalubale ga tsarin sadarwa mai kyau. <ref name=":9">{{Cite web |last=Olsson |first=Asa |date=8 June 2007 |title=Grass Root Communication for Social Change: A Case Study of the Communication Work In A Namibian NGO |url=http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:205561/FULLTEXT01.pdf |pages=30–31}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFOlsson2007">Olsson, Asa (8 June 2007). [http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:205561/FULLTEXT01.pdf "Grass Root Communication for Social Change: A Case Study of the Communication Work In A Namibian NGO"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. pp.&nbsp;<span class="nowrap">30–</span>31.</cite></ref> === Dandalin tattaunawa da bita === Sister Namibia tana aiki tare da ƙungiyoyi da ƙungiyoyi daban-daban na NGO don wayar da kan jama'a, ilimi, da fafutuka kan batutuwa daban-daban. Ayyukan da suka gabata sun haɗa da yin aiki tare da Ombetja Yehinga Organization Trust (OYO) don gudanar da wasannin rawa don wayar da kan jama'a game da muhimman batutuwa, gami da ƙididdigar "zubar da jarirai", inda ake barin jarirai a kan titi, HIV/AIDS, cin zarafin jinsi, da ɗaukar ciki ga matasa. Sister [[Namibiya|Namibia]] ta kuma yi aiki tare da Sashen Kare Mata da Yara (WCPU) a Katutura, [[Windhoek]], wata ƙungiya da ke ɗaukar mata da yara waɗanda aka ci zarafinsu a cikin gida da cin zarafi. Sister [[Namibiya|Namibia]] ta ɗauki nauyin wani shiri da aka watsa a gidan talabijin na One Africa don tattara gudummawar tufafin jarirai, takalma, da kayan gida ga uwaye masu buƙata. Wanda ya kafa Sister Namibia Elizabeth |Khaxas ta kasance mai himma sosai a fagen jama'a . A bikin ranar yara mata ta farko a shekara ta 2000, Khaxas ta yi jawabi tana mai cewa: "Lokaci ya yi da mata matasa za su yi magana da kansu, da muryoyinsu," kuma ta dauki nauyin wani korafi na goyon bayan dokar cin zarafin mata a cikin gida da kuma kula da yara. A shekarar 2003, Sister Namibia ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen farfado da Katutura Community Radio (wanda yanzu haka ake kira BASE FM 106.2). Fiye da shekaru biyar, ƙungiyar ta ɗauki nauyin shirin rediyo na mako-mako mai ''suna Women's Voices'' "don samar da damar shiga kafofin watsa labarai ga mata da 'yan mata na kowane fanni na rayuwa, gami da daga al'ummomin da aka ware." == Shirye-shirye == === Kwanaki 16 na fafutuka === Kwanaki 16 na fafutukar yaƙi da cin zarafin mata wani kamfen ne na ƙasa da ƙasa wanda ya fara a shekarar 1991. Tsawon kwanaki 16 tsakanin 25 ga Nuwamba da 10 ga Disamba, masu fafutuka suna gudanar da taruka kuma suna haɓaka ƙa'idar cewa haƙƙin mata haƙƙin ɗan adam ne. A Namibia, Sister Namibia ta yi aiki tare da Ma'aikatar Daidaito Jinsi da Jin Daɗin Yara don ɗaukar nauyin taruka tare da Sandy Rudd, Makarantar Wasan Kwaikwayo ta Bank Windhoek, 'Yantar da Zuciyar ku da Nishaɗi da Maganar Magana. Sister Namibia ta daraja mahimmancin fasaha a matsayin hanyar wayar da kan jama'a game da yawaitar cin zarafin mata. Taken da Sister Namibia ta yi amfani da shi shine "Arts United." === Yaƙin neman zaɓen ranar Orange === Sister Namibia abokiyar hulɗa ce a yakin neman zaben Majalisar Dinkin Duniya: Shirin Aiwatar da Ranar Orange na UNite Campaign. An kafa yakin ne don wayar da kan jama'a da kuma yakar cin zarafin mata da ake yi wa mata da 'yan mata. Launin lemu yana da mahimmanci ga yakin, yana nuna kyakkyawan fata da kuma kyakkyawan hali na duniya ba tare da tashin hankali ga mata da 'yan mata ba; mahalarta taron Sister Namibia suna sanya lemu a ranar 25 ga kowane wata da kuma ranar Duniya, 25 ga Nuwamba na kowace shekara. Sister Namibia tana aiki cikin haɗin kai da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, tare da sauran gwamnatoci, kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu, da kamfanoni masu zaman kansu don yin mu'amala da shahararrun mutane, 'yan wasa, da sauransu masu ƙarfi a cikin al'ummomi a duk faɗin duniya. Sister Namibia tana haɓaka manufofin yakin neman zaben ranar Orange ta hanyar haɗa mata da albarkatun shari'a don yaƙi da tashin hankali. <ref>{{Cite web |title=UNiTE Campaign Orange Day Action Plan: 25 October 2016 |url=http://endviolence.un.org/orangeday.shtml |access-date=November 30, 2016 |website=UNite to End Violence Against Women |publisher=United Nations |archive-date=27 November 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161127163029/http://endviolence.un.org/orangeday.shtml |url-status=dead }}</ref> === Shirin 'Yan'uwa Mata === Shirin SisterPADS wanda Sister Namibia ke gudanarwa ya himmatu wajen samar da sassauci da motsi ga 'yan mata da matan makarantar haila ta hanyar samar da kushin da za a iya sake amfani da su. An ƙirƙiri wannan aikin ne don shawo kan matsalar da ke faruwa a Namibia inda 'yan mata ke rasa matsakaicin kwanakin makaranta uku a kowane wata saboda rashin kushin haila. Sister Namibia ta yi imanin cewa babu wata yarinya da ya kamata ta zauna a gida saboda ba za ta iya biyan kuɗin kushin ba. SisterPADS an yi su ne da auduga da kayan laminate na polyurethane mai hana ruwa shiga kuma ana ƙera su a Amurka. Kayan ba wai kawai ana iya sake amfani da su ba ne, har ma suna da laushi, suna shimfiɗawa, sassauƙa, kuma suna dawwama. Wani wakili daga Sister Namibia ya ce: "ba su da rahotannin rashin jin daɗi ko rashin lafiyan jiki." Wasu daga cikin 'yan matan da ke cikin shirin SisterPADS waɗanda a da suka yi amfani da kushin matashin kai da sauran kayayyaki kafin aiwatar da shirin yanzu suna zuwa makaranta kuma suna shiga ayyukan zamantakewa ba tare da tsoron kunya ba. SisterPADS ta samar da kayan kushin haila ga kimanin 'yan mata 700 da sittin a Namibia ta hanyar gudummawa da tallafi a duk faɗin duniya kuma tana sa ran faɗaɗa isa gare su. == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://sisternamibia.org/ 'Yar'uwa Namibia, Shafin Yanar Gizo na Hukuma] * [https://www.facebook.com/SisterNamibia?fref=ts 'Yar'uwa Namibia, shafin Facebook] * [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCyMcBhfCcixdaaMW9pb-NUQ 'Yar'uwa Namibia, tashar YouTube] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] jqgs5momy53qjhgepj1l1nvisulyu0s 0 146831 829741 814891 2026-05-04T22:18:42Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 4 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829741 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sarah Sayifwanda''' (8 ga Yuli 1963 - 31 ga watan Disamba 2020) 'yar siyasa ce ta ƙasar Zambia, wacce ta yi aiki a matsayin Ministar Jinsi da Cigaba, Ministar Sufuri da Sadarwa, da kuma Ministar Noma da Ƙungiyoyin Haɗaka. Ta kuma kasance wakiliyar Zambia, a Ƙungiyar [[Tarayyar Afrika|Tarayyar Afirka]] da [[Majalisar Dokokin Afirka|Majalisar Dokokin Afirka ta Tsakiya]]. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Sarah Sayifwanda a ranar 16 ga watan Janairun 1963, kuma ta kammala karatun digiri na farko a fannin fasaha da fannin ilimi na musamman. == Aikin siyasa == === Gwamnatin Mwanwasa (2006 - 2008) === Sayifwanda ta yi aiki a Zambezi East a Majalisar Dokoki ta Ƙasa ta Zambia, a matsayin memba ta Ƙungiyar Dimokuraɗiyya ta Jam'iyyu da yawa daga shekarun 2006 zuwa 2016. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sarah Sayifwanda {{!}} National Assembly of Zambia |url=https://www.parliament.gov.zm/node/391 |access-date=2025-01-31 |website=www.parliament.gov.zm}}</ref> Ta kasance mai goyon bayan majalisar dokoki. Levy Mwanawasa ya naɗa Sayifwanda a matsayin Ministar Noma da Ƙungiyoyin Haɗaka lokacin da aka zaɓe shi. Mwanawasa ya kafa Ma'aikatar Jinsi da Mata da Cigaba a shekarar 2006. A lokacin, an naɗa Patricia Mulasikwanda minista. <ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Gender activists remember Mwanawasa |url=https://genderlinks.org.za/programme-web-menu/gender-activists-remember-mwanawasa-2008-09-08/ |access-date=2022-04-06 |website=Gender Links}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=Jun 13, 2008 |title=Chiefs of State and Cabinet Members of Foreign Governments / FIND |url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/192368318 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140529000000/https://www.proquest.com/docview/192368318 |archive-date=May 29, 2014 |website=ProQuest |id={{ProQuest|192368318}}}}<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles> [https://onesearch.library.rice.edu/permalink/01RICE_INST/1hp1nr6/cdi_proquest_reports_192368318 Alt URL]</ref> A shekarar 2007 a lokacin sake fasalin majalisar ministoci, an naɗa Sayifwanda a matsayin Ministar Sufuri. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Staff Reporter |date=2007-04-24 |title=Zambian leader reshuffles Cabinet |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2007-04-24-zambian-leader-reshuffles-cabinet/ |access-date=2025-01-31 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> === Gwamnatin Banda (2008 - 2011) === A ranar 14 ga watan Nuwamba, 2008, Shugabar ƙasar Zambia, Rupiah Banda ta sake wa Ma'aikatar Jinsi da Mata ta Cigaba suna zuwa Ma'aikatar Jinsi da Cigaba, inda Sayifwanda ta zama minista. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Zambia Chiefs of State 2008, CIA World Factbook |url=https://allcountries.org/wfb2008/zambia/zambia_chiefs.html |access-date=2022-04-06 |website=allcountries.org}}</ref> Ta riƙe wannan muƙamin har zuwa shekara ta 2011. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-07-23 |title=Sayifwanda : Blame Women For Their Few Adoptions |url=https://tumfweko.com/2011/07/23/women-to-blame-for-their-few-adoption-sayifwanda/ |access-date=2022-04-06 |website=Tumfweko |language=en-US }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref name="lusakatimes.com">{{Cite web |date=2021-01-03 |title=Zambia : Government accords late cabinet Minister Sayifwanda a state funeral |url=https://www.lusakatimes.com/2021/01/03/government-accords-late-cabinet-minister-sayifwanda-official-funeral/ |access-date=2022-04-06 |language=en-GB}}</ref> Yayin da take minista, Sayifwanda ta mayar da hankali kan rage amfani da mata wajen safarar miyagun ƙwayoyi, haɓaka wakilcin mata a siyasa, yaƙi da cin zarafin aure, da kuma samar da tallafi ga mutanen da ke da naƙasa ta hankali. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Sichikwenkwe |first=Perpetual |title=Drug trafficking alert! |url=https://www.news24.com/w24/work/legal/Drug-trafficking-alert-20100331-2 |access-date=2022-04-06 |website=W24 |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2002 |title=Country Report for Group Training Course on Intellectual Disability |url=http://www.jldd.jp/gtid/countryreport/CR2002(Zambia-ms.Sarah).pdf }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-04-30 |title=Zambian Women Accept Marital Violence |url=https://womensenews.org/2011/04/zambian-women-accept-marital-violence/ |access-date=2022-03-08 |website=Women's eNews |language=en-US}}</ref> === Gwamnatin Sata da Lungu (2011 - 2020) === An naɗa Sayifwanda a matsayin Mataimakiyar Ministar Jinsi ta hannun Michael Sata na ƙungiyar Patriotic Front a shekarar 2011, amma ta ƙi amincewa da wannan matsayi. <ref name="lt">{{Cite web |date=2020-12-31 |title=Zambia : Former Zambezi East MP Sara Sayifwanda has died |url=https://www.lusakatimes.com/2020/12/31/former-zambezi-east-mp-sara-sayifwanda-has-died/ |access-date=2022-04-06 |language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=MP Saifwanda refuses to be sworn-in as deputy minister – Zambian Watchdog |url=https://www.zambiawatchdog.com/mp-saifwanda-refuses-to-be-sworn-in-as-deputy-minister/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201027185142/https://www.zambiawatchdog.com/mp-saifwanda-refuses-to-be-sworn-in-as-deputy-minister/ |archive-date=October 27, 2020 |access-date=2022-04-06 |language=en-GB}}</ref> A shekarar 2016, ta sauya sheka daga ƙungiyar Movement for Multiparty Democracy zuwa United Party for National Development tare da wasu 'yan majalisar dokoki goma na MMD. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Times of Zambia {{!}} Mukata, 11 MPs defect to UPND |url=https://www.times.co.zm/?p=81413 |access-date=2022-04-06 |language=en-US}}</ref> A shekarar 2019, 'yan sandan Zambia, sun kama Sayifwanda bisa zargin tayar da rikicin ƙabilanci tsakanin 'yan Lunda da Luvales a lokacin da Hukumar Zaɓe ta Zambiya ta ware yankunan. <ref name="lt"/> == Mutuwa da Martaba == Sayifwanda ta rasu a ranar 31 ga watan Disamba, 2020 a Babban Asibitin Solwezi saboda rashin lafiya. <ref name="ZN365">{{Cite web |date=2021-01-05 |title=Ex-Minister Sayifwanda laid to rest |url=https://zambianews365.com/ex-minister-sayifwanda-laid-to-rest/ |access-date=2022-04-06 |website=ZambiaNews365.com |language=en-US }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Shugaba Edgar Lungu ya yi mata jana'iza ta hukuma da kuma ranar makokin ƙasa (5 ga watan Janairu, 2021). <ref name="lusakatimes.com"/> An binne ta a makabartar Kimeteto da ke Solwezi. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2021-01-05 |title=SCORES PAY LAST RESPECTS TO LATE SAYIFWANDA ~ |url=https://www.znbc.co.zm/news/scores-pay-last-respects-to-late-sayifwanda/ |access-date=2022-04-06 |language=en-GB }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Jana'izar Sayifwanda a cocin United Church of Zambia Trinity Congregation ta samu halartar 'yan siyasa daga jam'iyyarta da kuma 'yan adawa. Wasu daga cikin mahalarta taron sun haɗa da Ministan Lardin Arewa maso Yamma Nathaniel Mubukwanu, shugaban UPND Hakainde Hichilema, da kuma jami'in PF [[Koshita Shengamo]]. <ref name="ZN365" /> <ref name=":1" /> Ta kasance amintacciyar UPND. <ref name=":1" /> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Mutattun 2020]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1963]] hku6eufu121thzxna91f3dfmxa5zdp3 0 146872 829946 818086 2026-05-05T08:46:43Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829946 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Siti Rozaimeriyanti binti Haji Abdul Rahman''' (an haife ta a ranar 5 ga Maris 1974), wacce wani lokacin ake kiranta da '''Yanty Rahman''', <ref> name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2021 |title=The Hon. FDr. Ar. Siti Rozaimeriyanty DSLJ Haji Abdul Rahman |url=https://www.aseanbacbrunei.com.bn/web/content/1121?unique=2803e121de21f906edb9a903d43052abad3dcaea |access-date=2023-11-11 |website=www.aseanbacbrunei.com.bn}}</ref> yar asalin ƙasar Brunei ce mai gine-gine kuma 'yar siyasa wadda aka naɗa a baya a matsayin memba na Majalisar Dokokin Brunei (LegCo) daga 2017 zuwa 2022. <ref>name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Jabatan Majlis-Majlis Mesyuarat - Members of The Legislative Council |url=https://www.councils.gov.bn/JMM%20Site%20Pages/Members%20of%20The%20Legislative%20Council.aspx |access-date=2023-11-11 |website=www.councils.gov.bn |archive-date=2024-02-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240226120246/https://www.councils.gov.bn/JMM%20Site%20Pages/Members%20of%20The%20Legislative%20Council.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref> Abin lura shi ne, ita ce Mataimakiyar Shugaba kuma Shugabar Pertubuhan Ukur Jurutera dan Arkitek (PUJA), haka kuma memba ce a Kwamitin Masu Gine-gine na ASEAN (Brunei), Darussalam Enterprise (DARe), APEQS, Majalisar Ba da Shawara kan Kasuwanci ta ASEAN (ASEAN-BAC), <ref> name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2021-07-27 |title=EU-ASEAN RELATIONS ESSAY SERIES: THE HONOURABLEFDR. AR. SITI ROZAIMERIYANTY DSLJ HAJI ABDUL RAHMAN |url=https://www.eu-asean.eu/eu-asean-relations-essay-series-the-honourablefdr-ar-siti-rozaimeriyanty-dslj-haji-abdul-rahman/ |access-date=2023-11-11 |website=www.eu-asean.eu}}</ref> da kuma kwamitin gudanarwa na Majalisar Kasuwanci ta Gabashin Asiya. <ref> name=":0" </ref> Fannin da take da sha'awa da gogewa suna cikin gine-gine da kasuwanci gabaɗaya, tare da mai da hankali kan nemo hanyoyi mafi kyau da bambance-bambance don cimma burin Brunei na 2035. <ref>{{Cite web |title=FDr. Ar. Siti Rozaimeriyanty DSLJ Haji Abd Rahman |url=https://www.bruneimentors.com/mentors/info/242 |access-date=2023-11-11 |website=www.bruneimentors.com}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Siti Rozaimeriyanty a ranar 5 ga Maris, 1974 a [[Brunei]] . Ta kammala karatun digiri na farko a [[Karatun zanen gine-gine|fannin zane-zane]] ( Hons ) daga Jami'ar Humberside da ke [[Birtaniya|Burtaniya]] da kuma digiri na farko a fannin gine-gine (Hons) daga Jami'ar Curtin ta Fasaha da ke [[Perth]], [[Asturaliya|Ostiraliya]] . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Jabatan Majlis-Majlis Mesyuarat - Members of The Legislative Council |url=https://www.councils.gov.bn/JMM%20Site%20Pages/Members%20of%20The%20Legislative%20Council.aspx |access-date=2023-11-11 |website=www.councils.gov.bn |archive-date=2024-02-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240226120246/https://www.councils.gov.bn/JMM%20Site%20Pages/Members%20of%20The%20Legislative%20Council.aspx |url-status=dead }}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.councils.gov.bn/JMM%20Site%20Pages/Members%20of%20The%20Legislative%20Council.aspx "Jabatan Majlis-Majlis Mesyuarat - Members of The Legislative Council"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240226120246/https://www.councils.gov.bn/JMM%20Site%20Pages/Members%20of%20The%20Legislative%20Council.aspx |date=2024-02-26 }}. ''www.councils.gov.bn''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> == Aikin gine-gine == Siti Rozaimeriyanty mai rijista ce a fannin gine-gine a Burtaniya da ASEAN Architects, BAPEQS, da RIBA a matsayin mai ginin gine-gine mai hayar gidaje . Ta yi aiki na tsawon shekaru goma sha biyar a matsayin babbar mai ginin gine-gine a Sashen Ayyukan Jama'a na Ma'aikatar Raya Kasa ta Brunei kafin ta kafa Eco Bumi Arkitek (EBA). Tsawon shekarun 2018 zuwa 2019, za ta yi aiki a matsayin mace ta farko da ta zama shugabar PUJA Brunei (Cibiyar Masu Sufuri, Injiniya, da Mai Zane). <ref> name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2021 |title=The Hon. FDr. Ar. Siti Rozaimeriyanty DSLJ Haji Abdul Rahman |url=https://www.aseanbacbrunei.com.bn/web/content/1121?unique=2803e121de21f906edb9a903d43052abad3dcaea |access-date=2023-11-11 |website=www.aseanbacbrunei.com.bn}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.aseanbacbrunei.com.bn/web/content/1121?unique=2803e121de21f906edb9a903d43052abad3dcaea "The Hon. FDr. Ar. Siti Rozaimeriyanty DSLJ Haji Abdul Rahman"]. ''www.aseanbacbrunei.com.bn''. 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Lokacin da aka kafa EBA a shekarar 2010, tana ɗaya daga cikin ƙananan kamfanonin gine-gine da ke da babban mai zane wanda mace ce. Manufar EBA ita ce yin aiki da tsarin ƙira mai haɗaka, mai fannoni daban-daban tare da tsarin haɗin gwiwa tsakanin abokan ciniki. Kamfanin ya fara ne da ƙaramin ƙungiyar ma'aikata kuma tun daga lokacin ya girma har ya haɗa da ma'aikata 28 na gida da na waje. Yana aiki akan ayyuka da dama da suka shafi abokan hulɗa na gida da na waje. <ref> name=":3">{{Cite web |title=SITI ROZAIMERIYANTY DSLJ HAJI ABD RAHMAN |url=http://southeastasiawomen.org/profile.html?id=62dcde00-04e3-11e9-89f2-71b51807c67d |access-date=2023-11-11 |website=southeastasiawomen.org}}</ref> Domin tabbatar da cewa injiniyoyin da ake horar da su a Brunei suna da damar samun ci gaban ƙwararru, Cibiyar Injiniyan Farar Hula ta sabunta shirin horarwa kuma ta sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar haɗin gwiwa da Siti Rozaimeriyanty kuma Patrick Courtney ta yi musayar yarjejeniyar a shekarar 2019. == Aikin siyasa == A ranar 13 ga Janairu 2017, an naɗa Siti Rozaimeriyanty a matsayin memba na LegCo a cikin rukunin "Daga cikin Mutanen da Suka Samu Nasara", <ref name=":0"/> shekaru goma bayan kafa EBA. Ta gabatar da batutuwa, musamman waɗanda suka shafi mata da ci gaban tattalin arziki da kuma ilimi, ƙwarewa, da ci gaba. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2021 |title=The Hon. FDr. Ar. Siti Rozaimeriyanty DSLJ Haji Abdul Rahman |url=https://www.aseanbacbrunei.com.bn/web/content/1121?unique=2803e121de21f906edb9a903d43052abad3dcaea |access-date=2023-11-11 |website=www.aseanbacbrunei.com.bn}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.aseanbacbrunei.com.bn/web/content/1121?unique=2803e121de21f906edb9a903d43052abad3dcaea "The Hon. FDr. Ar. Siti Rozaimeriyanty DSLJ Haji Abdul Rahman"]. ''www.aseanbacbrunei.com.bn''. 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Ta yi tambaya ko hukumomin da abin ya shafa sun aiwatar da tsare-tsare don inganta ingancin data.gov.bn ko kuma ko sabuwar cibiyar bayanai za ta yi aiki a matsayin wurin zama na dindindin tare da duk mahimman bayanai a rana ta uku ta zaman LegCo na 15. <ref>{{Cite web |last=James Kon |title=Centralised data centre for government to be introduced |url=https://www.egnc.gov.bn/Lists/LatestHeadlines/NewDispForm.aspx?ID=87 |access-date=2023-11-11 |website=www.egnc.gov.bn |language=en-US}}</ref> Hukumar Ci Gaban Tattalin Arziki ta Brunei daga 2020 zuwa 2023, AITI ( Hukumar Masana'antar Fasaha ta Sadarwa ) daga 2018 zuwa 2023, Majalisar Ba da Shawara kan Kasuwanci ta ASEAN, da Majalisar Ba da Shawara kan Kasuwanci ta Gabashin Asiya daga 2016 zuwa 2021 kaɗan ne daga cikin ƙungiyoyin da aka naɗa ta a kwamitin gudanarwa. Bugu da ƙari, ita ce ke jagorantar Kwamitin Gudanarwa na Masana'antar Ma'aikata (MISC) na Majalisar Tsara da Aiki (MPEC). <ref name=":1"/> Domin amfani da damar da dukkan bangarorin biyu ke da ita gaba ɗaya, Siti Rozaimeriyanty ta nuna goyon bayanta ga ASEAN-BAC wajen sake buɗe tattaunawar cinikayya tsakanin ƙasashen ASEAN da EU tsakanin ƙungiyoyin biyu, kuma tana maraba da ƙarin haɗin gwiwa wajen haɓaka dangantakar ASEAN da EU . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2021-07-27 |title=EU-ASEAN RELATIONS ESSAY SERIES: THE HONOURABLEFDR. AR. SITI ROZAIMERIYANTY DSLJ HAJI ABDUL RAHMAN |url=https://www.eu-asean.eu/eu-asean-relations-essay-series-the-honourablefdr-ar-siti-rozaimeriyanty-dslj-haji-abdul-rahman/ |access-date=2023-11-11 |website=www.eu-asean.eu}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.eu-asean.eu/eu-asean-relations-essay-series-the-honourablefdr-ar-siti-rozaimeriyanty-dslj-haji-abdul-rahman/ "EU-ASEAN RELATIONS ESSAY SERIES: THE HONOURABLEFDR. AR. SITI ROZAIMERIYANTY DSLJ HAJI ABDUL RAHMAN"]. ''www.eu-asean.eu''. 27 July 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> A lokacin Babban Taron ASEAN na 43, wanda aka gudanar kwanan nan a [[Phnom Penh]], Cambodia, an naɗa ta a hukumance a matsayin Sakatare Janar na Majalisar Dokoki ta ASEAN (AIPA). <ref>{{Cite web |title=H.E. Ar. Siti Rozaimeriyanty Dato Haji Abdul Rahman |url=https://aipasecretariat.org/team-member/h-e-ar-siti-rozaimeriyanty-dato-haji-abdul-rahman/ |access-date=2023-11-11 |website=aipasecretariat.org |language=en-US}}</ref> "Matsayin ASEAN, tare da goyon bayan AIPA, shine haɗa mutane wuri ɗaya da samar musu da dandamali don haɓaka ra'ayoyinsu yayin da take ƙarfafa matakan dokoki," ta jaddada. <ref>{{Cite web |last=James Kon |date=2022-12-02 |title=Brunei representative appointed as AIPA's Secretary General |url=https://borneobulletin.com.bn/brunei-representative-appointed-as-aipas-secretary-general/ |access-date=2023-11-11 |website=borneobulletin.com.bn |language=en-US}}</ref> A ranar 7 ga Fabrairu, 2023, Sakatare Janar Kao Kim Hourn ya ziyarce ta a Sakatariyar ASEAN. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-02-07 |title=Secretary-General of AIPA calls on Secretary-General of ASEAN |url=https://asean.org/2023/02/07/ |access-date=2023-11-11 |website=asean.org}}</ref> == Lambobin yabo da girmamawa == Nasarorin Siti Rozaimeriyanty sun haɗa da yin aiki a matsayin babbar mai ba da shawara kan tsara Gidan Tarihi na Moments da Momentos a Ofishin Firayim Minista, mataimakiyar mai ginin gida na Balai Pameran Islam Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah (tare da haɗin gwiwar sanannen PEI Architects daga [[New York (birni)|New York]] ), da kuma babban mai ginin gine-gine da manajan ayyuka na Abode Resort & Spa, wurin shakatawa na farko na Brunei mai amfani da hasken rana. Domin girmama nasarorin da ta samu, an zaɓe ta don lashe kyautar Legacy Award a fannin Gine-gine da Zane daga International Business Review ASEAN Awards 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-09-20 |title=Architect Yanty shortlisted for leadership legacy award - The Bruneian |url=https://thebruneian.news/2022/09/20/architect-yanty-shortlisted-for-leadership-legacy-award/ |access-date=2023-11-11 |website=thebruneian.news |language=en-US}}</ref> A tsawon aikinta, ta samu waɗannan abubuwa: * Kyautar Golden Green ta Ƙungiyar Kasuwanci ta Malaysia da China (2011) <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=SITI ROZAIMERIYANTY DSLJ HAJI ABD RAHMAN |url=http://southeastasiawomen.org/profile.html?id=62dcde00-04e3-11e9-89f2-71b51807c67d |access-date=2023-11-11 |website=southeastasiawomen.org}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://southeastasiawomen.org/profile.html?id=62dcde00-04e3-11e9-89f2-71b51807c67d "SITI ROZAIMERIYANTY DSLJ HAJI ABD RAHMAN"]. ''southeastasiawomen.org''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> * Takardar shaidar Likita na Royal Institute of Architects (2019) <ref>{{Cite web |title=PUJA |url=https://www.pujajournal.com/Blogs/Post/16 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231111141108/https://www.pujajournal.com/Blogs/Post/16 |archive-date=11 November 2023 |access-date=2023-11-11 |website=www.pujajournal.com}}</ref> * [[Fayil:Fourth_Class_of_the_Order_of_Setia_Negara_Brunei_(PSB).svg|50x50px]] Oda na Setia Negara Brunei Class Hudu (PSB) <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=2020-03-09 |title=DEWAN MAJLIS |url=https://www.councils.gov.bn/JMM%20Images/Laporan%20Penuh%20Hansard%209%20Mac%202020.pdf |access-date=2024-07-02 |website=www.councils.gov.bn |page=3 |language=ms }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> * [[Fayil:Excellent_Service_Medal_(PIKB).svg|50x50px]] Kyauta Mai Kyau ta Sabis (PIKB) <ref name=":4" /> == Manazarta == <references /> [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1974]] e7mofab63wn97iegs6iue9qrw451ssj 0 147082 830118 816292 2026-05-05T11:26:40Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 830118 wikitext text/x-wiki {{S-start}} {{Succession box||title=CEO Capital Markets Authority (Kenya)|before=[[Edward H. Ntalami]]<br/> 2002 - 2007|after=[[Paul Muthaura]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.businessdailyafrica.com/Muthaura-eligible-to-apply-for-position-of-CMA-chief/-/539552/1908908/-/jo6v22z/-/index.html|title=Muthaura 'eligible to apply' for Position of CMA Chief|accessdate=3 February 2015|date=8 July 2013|first=Charles|last=Mwaniki|newspaper=[[The EastAfrican]] (Nairobi)}}</ref><br/> 2012 - Present|years='''2008 - 2012'''}} {{S-end}}{{Databox}} '''Stella Kilonzo''' ƴar Kenya ce mai lissafin kuɗi kuma Mai gudanar da kasuwanci. Ita ce Babban Jami'in Babban Birni na Babban Birnin (Kenya). An nada ta a wannan mukamin a watan Yulin 2008, <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 July 2008 |title=Kilonzo Appointment To Boost Market Confidence |url=http://www.capitalfm.co.ke/business/2008/07/kilonzo-appointment-to-boost-market-confidence/ |access-date=3 February 2015 |publisher=[[98.4 Capital FM]] (Nairobi)}}</ref> kuma ta sauka da son rai a ƙarshen wa'adinta na shekaru huɗu a watan Yunin 2012. <ref name="Step">{{Cite web |last=Gachenge |first=Beatrice |date=24 April 2012 |title=Kenya's Markets Regulator CEO To Step Down In June |url=http://in.reuters.com/article/kenya-capitalmarkets-idINL5E8FOEXV20120424 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160925014614/http://in.reuters.com/article/kenya-capitalmarkets-idINL5E8FOEXV20120424 |archive-date=September 25, 2016 |access-date=3 February 2015 |publisher=[[Reuters]]}}</ref> A halin yanzu tana aiki a matsayin manajan sashen ci gaban bangaren kudi, a [[Bankin Ci Gaban Afirka]]. An nada ta a wannan mukamin a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2013.<ref name="Clinches">{{Cite web |last=Ngigi |first=George |date=10 December 2013 |title=Former CMA Chief Clinches Top Bank Job |url=http://www.businessdailyafrica.com/stella-kilonzo-clinches-top-bank-job/-/539552/2106728/-/y9v64qz/-/index.html |access-date=3 February 2015}}</ref> == Tarihi da ilimi == Ta yi karatu a Jami'ar Katolika ta Gabashin Afirka (CUEA), ta kammala karatu tare da digiri na farko na Kasuwanci . Daga baya, ta halarci Jami'ar Loyola da ke Chicago, Illinois a Amurka. Ta kammala karatu daga Loyola tare da digiri na Master of Business Administration, ƙwararre a cikin kudaden kamfanoni. Kilonzo kuma yana da cancanta a matsayin Certified Public Accountant (CPA), wanda aka samu a Amurka.[1][2] == Tarihin aiki == Bayan karatunta a [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]], Kilonzo ta yi aiki a cikin tsarin kasuwar tsaro a Hukumar Kula da Masana'antar Kudi (FINRA) a Birnin [[Chicago]], [[Illinois]], Amurka na tsawon shekaru hudu da rabi. Daga nan sai ta koma Kenya kuma ta yi aiki a Pricewaterhouse Coopers (PwC), a matsayin Babban Mataimakin a Sashen Ba da Shawara na Kudi. Ta kasance Shugabar Hukumar Kula da Tsaro ta Gabashin Afirka (EASRA), wani taro na masu kula da kasuwannin Kasuwancin Gabashin Afirka, daga 2008 zuwa 2010. A matsayinta na Shugaba a CMA (Kenya), ta kuma zauna a Hukumar Kula da Inshora a Kenya. Kilonzo ya kuma kasance memba na hukuma na ''Hukumar Amfanin Fensho ta Kenya''. Kafin a tabbatar da ita a matsayin Shugaba na CMA Kenya, ta yi aiki a matsayin Babban Jami'in CMA (Kenya) daga 2007 har zuwa 2008.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 July 2008 |title=President Kibaki Confirms Stella Kilonzo As CEO of Capital Markets Authority |url=https://jamaapoa.blogspot.com/2008/07/president-kibaki-confirms-stella.html |access-date=3 February 2015 |publisher=Jamaapoa.blogspot.com}}</ref> Bayan shekaru hudu a matsayin shugaban zartarwa na CMA, ta ki amincewa da yin aiki na biyu na shekaru hudu a matsayinta na Shugaba. Ta sauka a ranar 30 ga Yuni 2012.<ref name="Step"/><ref>{{Cite web |last=Were |first=Emmanuel |last2=Thiong'o |first2=Peterson |date=24 June 2012 |title=Two Kenyan Firms, CMA Brace For Change of Guard Next Week |url=https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/business/Two+Kenyan+firms++CMA+brace+for+change+of+guard+next+week/-/2560/1434278/-/view/printVersion/-/bkl5g1/-/index.html |access-date=3 February 2015}}</ref> A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2013, an nada ta a matsayin manajan a Bankin Raya Afirka (AfDB), a matsayin shugabar sashen ci gaban bangaren kudi. <ref name="Clinches"/><ref name="Watch">{{Cite web |date=29 December 2014 |title=African Women To Watch: Capital Markets - Stella Kilonzo, Division Chief of the African Development Bank; Former CEO of Kenya's Capital Markets Authority and Chairwoman of the East African Securities Regulatory Authority |url=http://www.africanbusinesscentral.com/2014/12/29/african-women-to-watch-capital-markets-video/ |access-date=3 February 2015 |website=Africanbusinesscentral.com |archive-date=17 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180717212813/https://www.africanbusinesscentral.com/2014/12/29/african-women-to-watch-capital-markets-video/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Rayuwa ta mutum == Stella Kilonzo ta yi aure kuma mahaifiyar 'ya'ya maza biyu ce.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=July 2014 |title=Interview Featuring Mrs. Stella Kilonzo, MBS: division manager, financial sector development department, African Development Bank Group (AfDB) |url=http://www.african-exchanges.org/download/newsletter/ASEA_Newsletter_July_%202014a.pdf |journal=African Exchanges Newsletter |location=Nairobi |volume=2 |pages=11 to 13 |access-date=24 April 2016}}</ref> == Dubi kuma == * Nancy Onyango * Babban Birnin Kasuwanci (Kenya) * Jami'ar Loyola Chicago * Jami'ar Katolika ta Gabashin Afirka == Tebur na maye gurbin a CMA (Kenya) == {{Reflist}} Tsohon Shugabannin CMA (Kenya), sun hada da (a) [[William Chelashaw]], wanda ya yi aiki daga 1992 har zuwa 1997 da (b) [[Paul K. Melly]], wanda ya kasance daga 1998 har zuwa 2002. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1974]] j393jr756ix1vfcm9f2x6c617hug0fq 0 147131 829787 816535 2026-05-05T02:52:47Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829787 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}}'''Sharon Beasley-Teague''' (an haife ta a ranar 15 ga Fabrairu, 1952) 'yar siyasa ce 'yar Amurka daga [[Georgia (Tarayyar Amurka)|Georgia]] . Ita 'yar jam'iyyar Democrat ce kuma 'yar majalisar wakilai ta Georgia ce mai wakiltar gundumar 65 ta jihar . <ref name="Georgia">{{Cite web |title=Representative Sharon Beasley-Teague |url=http://www.womenlegislators.org/about/bio.php?id=372 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140507035333/http://www.womenlegislators.org/about/bio.php?id=372 |archive-date=May 7, 2014 |access-date=December 7, 2012 |publisher=National Foundation for Women Legislators}}</ref> A shekarar 2020, Mandisha Thomas ta kayar da ita a zaben fidda gwani. == YIlimi == Beasley-Teague ya kammala karatunsa daga Kwalejin Fasaha ta Kasuwanci ta Indiana kuma ya halarci Jami'ar Jihar Georgia . == Ayyukan kwamiti == A halin yanzu Beasley-Teague yana aiki a cikin kwamitoci masu zuwa: <ref>{{Cite web |title=Georgia General Assembly |url=http://www.house.ga.gov/Representatives/en-US/member.aspx?Member=63&Session=24}}</ref> * Wasanni, Kifi, da Wuraren Shakatawa * Hulɗar Dan Adam da Tsufa * Sake Raba Kayayyakin Majalisa da na Majalisa * Hanyoyi da Hanyoyi == Zaɓe == {{Election box begin no change|title=48th district (Post2) 2002 Primary Election<ref>{{cite web|title= 2002 Georgia Primary Election|url=https://sos.ga.gov/elections/election_results/2002_0820/house.htm}}</ref>}} {{Election box winning candidate with party link no change|party=Democratic Party (United States)|candidate=Sharon Beasley-Teague|votes=10,853|percentage=100%}} {{Election box total no change}} {{End}}{{Election box begin no change|title=48th district (Post2) 2002 General Election<ref>{{cite web|title=2002 Georgia General Election|url=https://sos.ga.gov/elections/election_results/2002_1105/house.htm}}</ref>}} {{Election box winning candidate with party link no change|party=Democratic Party (United States)|candidate=Sharon Beasley-Teague|votes=32,901|percentage=100%}} {{Election box total no change}} {{End}}{{Election box begin no change|title=65th district 2004 Primary Election<ref>{{cite web|title= 2004 Georgia Primary election|url= https://sos.ga.gov/elections/election_results/2004_0720/house.htm|access-date= December 19, 2020|archive-date= July 28, 2021|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210728094541/https://sos.ga.gov/elections/election_results/2004_0720/house.htm|url-status= dead}}</ref>}} {{Election box winning candidate with party link no change|party=Democratic Party (United States)|candidate=Sharon Beasley-Teague|votes=3,359|percentage=75.6%}} {{Election box candidate with party link no change|party=Democratic Party (United States)|candidate=T.J. COPELAND|votes=1,083|percentage=24.4%}} {{Election box total no change|votes=4,442|percentage=100%}} {{Election box end}}{{Election box begin no change|title=65th district 2004 Georgia General Election<ref>{{cite web|title= 2004 Georgia General Election|url= https://sos.ga.gov/elections/election_results/2004_1102/house.htm|access-date= December 19, 2020|archive-date= May 1, 2021|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210501063233/https://sos.ga.gov/elections/election_results/2004_1102/house.htm|url-status= dead}}</ref>}} {{Election box winning candidate with party link no change|party=Democratic Party (United States)|candidate=Sharon Beasley-Teague|votes=13,722|percentage=100%}} {{Election box total no change}} {{End}}{{Election box begin no change|title=2006 Primary election<ref>{{cite web|title=2006 Georgia Primary Election|url=https://sos.ga.gov/elections/election_results/2006_0718/house.htm}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>}} {{Election box winning candidate with party link no change|party=Democratic Party (United States)|candidate=Sharon Beasley-Teague|votes=2,432|percentage=60.8%}} {{Election box candidate with party link no change|party=Democratic Party (United States)|candidate=T.J. Copeland|votes=1,568|percentage=39.2%}} {{Election box total no change|votes=4,000|percentage=100%}} {{End}}{{Election box begin no change|title=2006 General Election <ref>{{cite web|title= 2006 Georgia General Election|url= https://sos.ga.gov/elections/election_results/2006_1107/swgahouse.htm}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>}} {{Election box winning candidate with party link no change|party=Democratic Party (United States)|candidate=Sharon Beasley-Teague|votes=9,997|percentage=100%}} {{Election box total no change}} {{End}}{{Election box begin no change|title=2008 Primary Election<ref>{{cite web|title= 2008 Georgia Primary Election|url=https://sos.ga.gov/elections/election_results/2008_0715/swgahouse.htm}}</ref>}} {{Election box winning candidate with party link no change|party=Democratic Party (United States)|candidate=Sharon Beasley-Teague|votes=2,225|percentage=54.6%}} {{Election box candidate with party link no change|party=Democratic Party (United States)|candidate=Lewanna Heard|votes=737|percentage=18.1%}} {{Election box candidate with party link no change|party=Democratic Party (United States)|candidate=Sandra B. Hardy|votes=681|percentage=16.7%}} {{Election box candidate with party link no change|party=Democratic Party (United States)|candidate=Woody Holmes|votes=247|percentage=6.1%}} {{Election box candidate with party link no change|party=Democratic Party (United States)|candidate=Charles Sharper|votes=186|percentage=4.6%}} {{Election box total no change}} {{End}}{{Election box begin no change|title=2008 General Election<ref>{{cite web|title=2008 Georegia General Election|url=https://sos.ga.gov/elections/election_results/2008_1104/swgahouse.htm}}</ref>}} {{Election box winning candidate with party link no change|party=Democratic Party (United States)|candidate=Sharon Beasley-Teague|votes=25,793|percentage=100%}} {{Election box total no change|votes=25,793|percentage=100%}} {{End}}{{Election box begin no change|title=2010 Primary Election<ref>{{cite web|title=2010 Georgia Primary Election|url=https://sos.ga.gov/elections/election_results/2010_0720/swgahouse.htm}}</ref>}} {{Election box winning candidate with party link no change|party=Democratic Party (United States)|candidate=Sharon Beasley-Teague|votes=3,551|percentage=76.1%}} {{Election box candidate with party link no change|party=Democratic Party (United States)|candidate=George Sneed|votes=1,118|percentage=23.9%}} {{Election box total no change}} {{End}}{{Election box begin no change|title=2010 General Election<ref>{{cite web|title= 2010 Georgia General Election|url=https://sos.ga.gov/elections/election_results/2010_1102/swgahouse.htm}}</ref>}} {{Election box winning candidate with party link no change|party=Democratic Party (United States)|candidate=Sharon Beasley-Teague|votes=17,656|percentage=100%}} {{Election box total no change}} {{End}}{{Election box begin no change|title=2012 Primary Election<ref>{{cite web|title= 2012 Georgia Primary Election|url=https://results.enr.clarityelections.com/GA/40378/95366/en/summary.html}}</ref>}} {{Election box winning candidate with party link no change|party=Democratic Party (United States)|candidate=Sharon Beasley-Teague|votes=3,813|percentage=100%}} {{Election box total no change|votes=100%|percentage=3,813}} {{End}}{{Election box begin no change|title=2012 General Election<ref>{{cite web|title=2012 Georgia General Election|url=https://results.enr.clarityelections.com/GA/42277/113204/en/summary.html}}</ref>}} {{Election box winning candidate with party link no change|party=Democratic Party (United States)|candidate=Sharon Beasley-Teague|votes=18,793|percentage=100%}} {{Election box total no change|votes=18,793|percentage=100%}} {{End}}{{Election box begin no change|title=2014 Primary Election<ref>{{cite web|title=2014 Georgia Primary Election|url=https://results.enr.clarityelections.com/GA/51345/132192/en/summary.html}}</ref>}} {{Election box winning candidate with party link no change|party=Democratic Party (United States)|candidate=Sharon Beasley-Teague|votes=2,871|percentage=100%}} {{Election box total no change|votes=2,871|percentage=100%}} {{End}}{{Election box begin no change|title=2014 General Election<ref>{{cite web|title=2014 Georgia General Election|url=https://results.enr.clarityelections.com/GA/54042/149045/en/summary.html}}</ref>}} {{Election box winning candidate with party link no change|party=Democratic Party (United States)|candidate=Sharon Beasley-Teague|votes=12,579|percentage=100%}} {{End}}{{Election box begin no change|title=2016 Primary Election<ref>{{cite web|title=2016 Georgia Primary Election|url=https://results.enr.clarityelections.com/GA/60041/174358/en/summary.html}}</ref>}} {{Election box winning candidate with party link no change|party=Democratic Party (United States)|candidate=Sharon Beasley-Teague|votes=2,327|percentage=73.62%}} {{Election box candidate with party link no change|party=Democratic Party (United States)|candidate=Sylvia Wayfer|votes=834|percentage=26.38%}} {{Election box total no change|votes=3,161|percentage=100%}} {{End}}{{Election box begin no change|title=2016 General Election<ref>{{cite web|title=2016 Georgia General Election|url=https://results.enr.clarityelections.com/GA/63991/184321/en/summary.html}}</ref>}} {{Election box winning candidate with party link no change|party=Democratic Party (United States)|candidate=Sharon Beasley-Teague|votes=19,109|percentage=82.02%}} {{Election box candidate with party link no change|party=Republican Party (United States)|candidate=Gordon Rolle|votes=4,190|percentage=17.98%}} {{Election box total no change}} {{End}}{{Election box begin no change|title=2018 Primary Election<ref>{{cite web|title=2018 Georgia Primary Election|url=https://results.enr.clarityelections.com/GA/74658/Web02-state.206999/#/cid/56520}}</ref>}} {{Election box winning candidate with party link no change|party=Democratic Party (United States)|candidate=Sharon Beasley-Teague|votes=2,907|percentage=55.97%}} {{Election box candidate with party link no change|party=Democratic Party (United States)|candidate=Mandisha Thomas|votes=2,287|percentage=44.03%}} {{Election box total no change}} {{End}}{{Election box begin no change|title=2018 General Election<ref>{{cite web|title=2018 Georgia General Election|url=https://results.enr.clarityelections.com/GA/91639/Web02-state.221451/#/cid/56500}}</ref>}} {{Election box winning candidate with party link no change|party=Democratic Party (United States)|candidate=Sharon Beasley-Teague|votes=21,189|percentage=100%}} {{Election box total no change}} {{End}}{{Election box begin no change|title=2020 Primary Election<ref>{{cite web|title=2020 Georgia Primary Election|url=https://results.enr.clarityelections.com/GA/103613/web.255599/#/detail/56520}}</ref>}} {{Election box winning candidate with party link no change|party=Democratic Party (United States)|candidate=Sharon Beasley-Teague|votes=6,141|percentage=49.20%}} {{Election box candidate with party link no change|party=Democratic Party (United States)|candidate=Mandisha Thomas|votes=4,562|percentage=36.55%}} {{Election box candidate with party link no change|party=Democratic Party (United States)|candidate=Amber Doss-Hunter|votes=1,779|percentage=14.25%}} {{Election box total no change|votes=12,482%|percentage=100%}} {{End}}{{Election box begin no change|title=2020 General Runoff<ref>{{cite web|title= 2020 Georgia Primary Election run off|url=https://results.enr.clarityelections.com/GA/104480/web.258506/#/detail/56520}}</ref>}} {{Election box winning candidate with party link no change|party=Democratic Party (United States)|candidate=Mandisha Thomas|votes=3,427|percentage=58.03%}} {{Election box candidate with party link no change|party=Democratic Party (United States)|candidate=Sharon Beasley-Teague|votes=2,479|percentage=41.97%}} {{Election box total no change|votes=5,906|percentage=100%}} {{Election box end}} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1952]] 1329ecnbjj7ddkckpv0083ny7z2mbwu 0 147229 830132 816950 2026-05-05T11:33:12Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 830132 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Stellah Wairimū Bosire''' likita ce ta Kenya, mai gudanarwa na kamfanoni, mai fafutukar kare hakkin dan adam kuma marubuci, kuma Babban darektan na Cibiyar Kula da Lafiya ta Afirka da Adalci na Jima'i . Ita ce tsohuwar babban darakta na Uhai Eashri, babban jami'in kungiyar likitocin Kenya, kuma mataimakiyar shugaban kotun cutar kanjamau da cutar kanjamawa ta Kenya.<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 September 2022 |title=Uhai Eashri Board update July 2022 by UHAI Communications |url=https://issuu.com/uhaieashri/docs/board_communication_cr |website=Issuu}}</ref> == Tarihi da ilimi == An haife ta kuma ta girma a Kibera, mafi girman ƙauye a [[Nairobi]], babban birnin Kenya kuma birni mafi girma. Bosire dalibi ne a makarantar firamare ta Kibera amma ya zauna don Takardar shaidar Ilimi ta Firamare ta Kenya a makarantar firaminare ta Joseph Kang'ethe . Tana da ƙalubale tun tana yarinya, bayan ta yi amfani da mafi kyawun rayuwarta a matsayin yarinya mai titi marar gida, wanda ya fallasa ta ga keta doka daban-daban, gami da cin zarafin jima'i. Ta zama mai shan miyagun ƙwayoyi da barasa yayin da take matashiya. Mahaifiyar Bosire tana da [[Hauka|schizophrenia]] sabili da haka tana buƙatar taimako sosai daga 'ya'yanta. Mahaifiyarta ta mutu daga matsalolin da suka shafi cutar HIV / AIDs a cikin 2011.<ref name="Data">{{Cite web |date=2017 |title=Top 40 Women Under 40 in Kenya |url=http://host.nationmedia.com/Top40Under40-2017.pdf |access-date=23 November 2017 |publisher=[[Nation Media Group]]}}</ref> Bosire ta shiga makarantar sakandaren 'yan mata a Nairobi don karatun O-Level, ta kammala a shekara ta 2003. Bayan kammala karatunta na A-Level, an shigar da ita [[Jami'ar Nairobi]] don nazarin likitancin ɗan adam, ta kammala a shekarar 2012 tare da digiri na farko na likitanci da digiri na biyu na tiyata. Ta sami digiri na Master of Science a cikin [[Lafiyar Duniya|Manufofin Lafiya na Duniya]] daga Jami'ar London International Programs a cikin 2017. Har ila yau, tana da digiri na Master of Business Administration a Makarantar Kasuwanci ta Strathmore, kuma tun daga shekarar 2017, an yi rajista don digiri na farko na Shari'a, digiri a Jami'ar Nairobi . Har ila yau, tana da difloma a fannin kiwon lafiya, wanda aka samu daga Gidauniyar Geneva don Ilimi da Bincike a cikin 2016 . <ref name="Data"/><ref name="Bio">{{Cite web |last=Stellah Wairimu Bosire-Otieno |date=23 November 2017 |title=Dr. Stellah Wairimu Bosire-Otieno: Chief Executive Officer, Kenya Medical Association |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/dr-stellah-wairimu-bosire-otieno-3a18273b/ |access-date=23 November 2017 |publisher=[[LinkedIn]]}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Bosire ƙwararren masani ne na kiwon lafiya tare da ƙwarewar ƙasa da ƙasa tare da hukumomin gwamnati na ƙasashen waje, masu ba da gudummawa masu zaman kansu, da sauran ƙungiyoyi masu sa ido da kimanta shirye-shiryen kiwon lafiya na jama'a, gudanar da bincike na annoba da ayyukan; auna tasirin sababbin dabarun rigakafin rigakafin cututtuka, magani, da ragewa; da kuma fitar da shirye-shirye na takardun, tasiri, da ci gaban dabarun.<ref name="1R">{{Cite web |date=1 March 2021 |title=About Uhai Eashri: Who We Are |url=https://uhai-eashri.org/about-us/ |access-date=1 March 2021 |publisher=Uhai Eashri |archive-date=22 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220122073933/https://uhai-eashri.org/about-us/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> A matsayinta na kwararriyar masaniyar jinsi, ƙwararre ce a ci gaban ƙungiyoyi da gudanar da sakamakon. Ta yi aiki tare da gwamnatoci da yawa, masu ba da agaji na jama'a da masu zaman kansu, INGOs, CBOs, da gwamnatocin don gina iyawa a cikin daidaiton jinsi da haƙƙin mata da sauran al'ummomin da aka ware. Tana yin nazarin jinsi, tana nazarin daga matakan ƙwayoyin cuta (ƙananan matakin), matakan tsakiya (matakin meso), matakan siyasa mafi girma (matakin macro), da kuma duk bangarori da shirye-shiryen haɗin gwiwar ci gaba. Ta kasance tana da hannu wajen gudanar da taƙaitaccen manufofi, bincike, bita na aikin, da nazarin kimantawa, da kuma binciken asali a cikin yankuna masu zuwa: lafiyar jima'i da haihuwa da haƙƙoƙi, HIV, TB, haƙƙin ɗan adam, yawan jama'a, da lafiyar jama'a. Horarwa da jinsi sune jigogi masu tsinkaye.<ref name="ResR">{{Cite web |last=John Muchangi |date=13 May 2017 |title=Most kids wake up early for school, miss breakfast |url=https://www.the-star.co.ke/news/2017-05-13-most-kids-wake-up-early-for-school-miss-breakfast/ |access-date=2 March 2021}}</ref> A baya, bayan kammala karatunta, ta yi aiki ga Gwamnatin Kenya na shekara guda kafin ta koma kamfanoni masu zaman kansu. Ta yi aiki da Avenue Healthcare, cibiyar sadarwar cibiyoyin kulawa ta gaggawa, a matsayin manajan likita wanda ke jagorantar rassa daban-daban. Tun daga watan Satumbar 2013, Otieno ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin shugaban kotun [[Kanjamau|HIV / AIDS]] na Kenya. A wannan matsayin, tana mai da hankali kan inganta haƙƙin ɗan adam da samun damar yin adalci ga mutanen da cutar HIV / AIDS ta shafa da kuma kamuwa da su. A shekara ta 2016, ta bar Avenue Healthcare don shiga cikin manufofin kiwon lafiya na jama'a a Kenya a matsayin babban jami'in zartarwa na Kungiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Kenya. Daga watan Oktoba 2016, an nada ta a matsayin babban jami'in zartarwa da sakatare ga kwamitin Kungiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Kenya, kungiyar bayar da shawarwari da masana'antu.<ref name="Data"/><ref name="Bio"/> A halin yanzu tana aiki a Majalisar Ba da Shawara ta Duniya don CFK Afirka, babbar kungiya mai zaman kanta da ke aiki a cikin ƙauyuka na yau da kullun na Kenya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Meet Our Team {{!}} Staff, Board, and Advisory Council |url=https://cfkafrica.org/our-team/ |access-date=2023-08-22 |website=CFK Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Har zuwa watan Yulin 2022, Bosire ya kasance babban darakta na UHAI EASHRI . == Labaran da aka rubuta == * Biyan asibiti, Tsayawa da Daraja a Lafiya * Tubergine da Binciken Jima'i <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tuberculosis: A Gender Assessment in Kenya |url=https://stoptb.org/assets/documents/communities/CRG/TB%20Gender%20Assessment%20Kenya.pdf |access-date=March 10, 2023 |website=stoptb.org}}</ref> * Yin allurar rigakafin 'yan mata don ceton su daga ciwon daji na mahaifa <ref name="auto1">{{Cite web |last=Bosire |first=Stellah |date=10 August 2021 |title=Ezekiel Mutua's woes were painfully predictable |url=https://nation.africa/kenya/life-and-style/culture/dr-bosire-ezekiel-mutua-s-woes-were-painfully-predictable--3506260 |website=Nation}}</ref> * Darussan ga Kenya daga ayyukan Amurka akan Yarjejeniyar Geneva <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bosire |first=Stellah |last2=Saoyo |first2=Tabitha |date=13 February 2021 |title=Lessons for Kenya from US actions on Geneva Consensus Declaration |url=https://nation.africa/kenya/life-and-style/wellness/bosire-saoyo-lessons-for-kenya-from-us-actions-on-geneva-consensus-declaration-3289814 |website=Nation}}</ref> * Kwarangwal a fagen kiwon lafiya <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bosire |first=Stellah |date=18 June 2021 |title=The skeletons in the medical field |url=https://nation.africa/kenya/life-and-style/wellness/dr-bosire-the-skeletons-in-the-medical-field--3441580 |website=Nation}}</ref> * Muna da wani bangare na zargi a kan tashin hankali a makaranta <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bosire |first=Stellah |last2=Muthuri |first2=John |date=14 November 2021 |title=We are partly to blame for school unrest |url=https://nation.africa/kenya/life-and-style/family/bosire-and-muthuri-we-are-partly-to-blame-for-school-unrest-3618882 |website=Nation}}</ref> * Bayar da gudummawa, za mu iya yin hakan ba?<ref name="auto">{{Cite web |last=Bosire |first=Stellah |title=Participatory grant-making, can we afford not to do it? |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201803230189.html}}</ref> * Dokokin adawa da luwadi sun hana mu cimma matsaya ga Kula da Lafiya ta Duniya <ref name="auto" /> * Kalubale ga hanyoyin yanke kuki ga taimakon jama'a <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bosire |first=Stellah |date=23 February 2019 |title=Challenging the cookie cutter solutions to philanthropy - Alliance magazine |url=https://www.alliancemagazine.org/blog/challenging-the-cookie-cutter-solutions-to-philanthropy/}}</ref> * Abin da Adalci Kavanaugh ke nufi ga Kenya <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bosire |first=Stellah |date=23 October 2018 |title=What Kavanaugh Means for Kenya |url=https://msmagazine.com/2018/10/23/kavanaugh-means-kenya/}}</ref> * LGBTIQ+ lafiya game da hanyar da ta fi jima'i <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bosire |first=Stellah |date=19 June 2019 |title=LGBTQ+ Healthcare Is About Way More Than Sex |url=https://brightthemag.com/lgbtq-healthcare-is-about-way-more-than-sex-cefcc5bf3806 |website=Medium |via=Bright Magazine}}</ref> * Ta yaya kwari na jima'i ke fita da kisan kai <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bosire |first=Stellah |title=How sex pests easily get away with murder |url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/article/2001277389/how-sex-pests-easily-get-away-with-murder |website=The Standard}}</ref> * Matsalolin Ezekiel na Mutua sun kasance da raunin da za a iya hangowa <ref name="auto1" /> * Daidaitawa ga Mata na Afirka * Gudanar da 'yancin ɗan adam <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bosire |first=Stellah |date=2 November 2018 |title=Taking the lead on Human Rights |url=https://theelders.org/news/taking-lead-human-rights |website=theelders.org}}</ref> * Masu gwagwarmaya masu iko a kan gaba na daidaiton jinsi <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bosire |first=Stellah |date=8 March 2019 |title=These powerful activists are at the frontlines of gender equality |url=https://www.one.org/us/blog/open-letter-cosigners-2019/ |website=One |access-date=31 March 2026 |archive-date=3 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230603175512/https://www.one.org/us/blog/open-letter-cosigners-2019/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Bambancin launin fata a cikin Lafiya ta Duniya <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bosire |first=Stellah |title=Racial Diversity in Global Health Initiative Announces Advisory Committee – Matahari Global Solutions |url=https://matahari.global/insight/racial-diversity-in-global-health-initiative-announces-advisory-committee/}}</ref> == Sauran la'akari == A cikin 2017 an ambaci sunanta a cikin "Top 40 Women Under 40 in Kenya" ta hanyar Business Daily Africa, jaridar kasuwanci ta yau da kullun ta harshen Ingilishi.<ref name="Data"/><ref name="AlumR">{{Cite web |date=2017 |title=SBS Students and Alumnae Among Top 40 Under 40 Women |url=https://www.strathmore.edu/news/sbs-students-and-alumnae-among-top-40-under-40-women/ |access-date=2 March 2021 |publisher=[[Strathmore University]] |archive-date=1 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221201124845/https://strathmore.edu/news/sbs-students-and-alumnae-among-top-40-under-40-women/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> A cikin 2019, an sanya mata suna a matsayin mai karɓar lambar yabo ta Jagorancin Kasa da Kasa. Kyautar, wacce ake bayarwa a kowace shekara ta Accountability International, "an yi niyyar gabatar da ita ga mutane ko kungiyoyi waɗanda ke taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen inganta lissafi a cikin martani na kasa da kasa ga haƙƙin ɗan adam da ci gaba mai ɗorewa".[1] A wannan shekarar, Sarauniyar Ingila ta ba ta lambar yabo ta Commonwealth Point of Light Award 2019. [2] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1986]] sj9iljldm2dg8ybfexr5uwy6tvq51pq 0 147303 830077 817116 2026-05-05T10:15:28Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 830077 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Souad Adel Faress''' (an haife ta a ranar 25 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 1948) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce, rediyo, talabijin da fim da ke zaune a Ingila . An fi saninta da hotonta na lauya Usha Gupta, a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen BBC Radio 4 na dogon lokaci The Archers da kuma rawar da ta taka a matsayin Babban Firist na Dosh Khaleen a karo na shida na jerin HBO Game of Thrones . An haife ta ne a [[Ghana]], tana da 'yan asalin Siriya da Irish. == Tarihin rayuwa == An haifi Faress a shekara ta 1948 a [[Accra]], Ghana, ga iyayen Irish da Siriya. Ta girma a Southport, Lancashire, ta yi karatun wasan kwaikwayo a makarantar Guildhall School of Music and Drama kuma tana zaune a London.<ref name="spotlight1">{{Cite web |title=Souad Faress |url=http://www.spotlight.com/9815-7867-8134/ |access-date=10 February 2016 |publisher=Spotlight}}</ref> Tana binciken rubuce-rubuce a matsayin matsakaici tun kafin shekara ta 2004. Faress ta kammala karatun rubuce-rubuce a kwalejin ilimin manya na Cibiyar Nazarin Littattafai ta City.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Souad Faress |url=http://bbc.co.uk/radio4/archers/backstage/souad_faress.shtml |url-status=unfit |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090131100613/http://bbc.co.uk/radio4/archers/backstage/souad_faress.shtml |archive-date=31 January 2009 |access-date=10 February 2016}}</ref> Sauran ƙwarewarta sun haɗa da rawa, hawa doki, wasan kurket da yoga.<ref name="spotlight1" /> === Ayyuka === Faress ta bayyana a cikin abubuwa biyu na jerin shirye-shiryen BBC na ''I, Claudius'' (1976) a matsayin yarinya bawa (mai kuka wuta) kuma a matsayin mai rawa wanda a bikin auren Messalina (na biyu da mai ba da izini) ya fahimci sojoji suna zuwa don kama su. A wani farkon bayyanar BBC, ta taka rawar Selma a cikin Blake's 7 episode 'Horizon'. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bensalhia, John |title=Blake's 7 series 2 episode 4 – Horizon |url=http://www.denofgeek.com/television/265928/blakes_7_series_2_episode_4_horizon.html |access-date=3 September 2009 |archive-date=12 February 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120212071227/http://www.denofgeek.com/television/265928/blakes_7_series_2_episode_4_horizon.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Tun daga wannan lokacin, Faress ta taka muhimmiyar rawa a fina-finai kamar My Beautiful Laundrette (1985) da Sixth Happiness (1997), da kuma aiki mai yawa a Burtaniya. A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2001 ta bayyana a takaice a titin Coronation a matsayin mahaifiyar Dev Alahan Umila . <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 October 2001 |title=Urmila Alahan |url=http://www.corrie.net/profiles/characters/alahan_urmila.html |access-date=10 February 2016 |publisher=Corrie.net}}</ref> Souad Faress kuma ya bayyana a matsayin Tsohon Rani a cikin jerin Sarah Jane Adventures The Mad Woman in the Attic a watan Oktoba 2009. A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2014, an ba da sanarwar cewa Faress za ta yi a cikin Hurried Steps, fassarar Sharon Wood na "Passi Affrettati by Dacia Maraini . Labaran wasan sun fi fitowa ne daga [[Amnesty International]], batun ya hada da fyade, kisan kai, fataucin jima'i da sauran batutuwan tashin hankali ga mata. Tsakanin 2010 da 2011 ta buga kakar Jay Faldren, Maryam Shakiba, a cikin Casualty . Faress ya bayyana a cikin wani labari na shahararren wasan kwaikwayo na jinya No Angels a matsayin jagora, Anji Mittel's Auntie Di. Faress ya bayyana a takaice a matsayin likitan asibiti a cikin "The Dead of Jericho", labarin farko na ''Sufeto Morse'' . A shekara ta 2016 ta shiga jerin HBO Game of Thrones a Season 6 a matsayin Babban Firist na Dosh Khaleen . [1] Faress kuma ya bayyana a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na ITV Brief Encounters, "wani karbuwa mai sauƙi na Ann Summers Shugaba Jacqueline Gold, Good Vibrations". [2] [3] A cikin 2018, Faress ta bayyana a cikin gajeren fim din Clare Holman Only the Lonely . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Only the Lonely (Short 2018) |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt7586050/ |access-date=29 April 2023 |website=[[IMDb]]}}</ref> A cikin 2019, Faress ta bayyana a matsayin mai maimaitawa a cikin Daisy Haggard da Laura Solon's sitcom Back to Life kuma a matsayin mahaifiyar Eli Cohen a cikin OCS / [[Netflix]] miniseries The Spy . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Souad Faress |url=https://royalcourttheatre.com/cast/souad-faress/ |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=[[Royal Court Theatre]] |archive-date=6 April 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250406095630/https://royalcourttheatre.com/cast/souad-faress/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Dubi kuma == * Jerin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo da' yan wasan kwaikwayo na Ghana == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1948]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] a5qlwck6cjv676bmiprmpz12o5tzor6 0 147323 829809 817162 2026-05-05T04:09:41Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829809 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Shelley Berkley''' ( '''wanda''' aka haifa a ranar 20 ga Janairu, 1951) 'yar kasuwa ce 'yar Amurka, 'yar siyasa kuma lauya wacce ta yi aiki a matsayin magajin garin [[Las Vegas]] tun daga 2024. 'Yar jam'iyyar Democrat ce, kuma 'yar majalisar wakilai ce ta Amurka wacce ta wakilci gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Nevada na tsawon wa'adi shida daga 1999 zuwa 2013. A da, Berkley ya yi aiki a matsayin memba na Majalisar Dokokin Nevada daga 1983 zuwa 1985 kuma a matsayin memba na Hukumar Gudanarwa ta Tsarin Ilimi Mai Girma na Nevada daga 1990 zuwa 1998. Tsakanin yin aiki a Majalisar Dokoki da kuma zama magajin garin Las Vegas, Berkley ya riƙe mukamai na jagoranci a harabar Nevada da kuma harabar Jami'ar Touro da ke California. == Rayuwar farko, ilimi, da kuma aikin shari'a == An haifi Rochelle Levine a birnin New York a ranar 20 ga Janairu, 1951, 'yar Estelle (née Colonomos - duba Kalonymus ) da George Levine. Kakannin kakanninta Yahudawan Rasha ne kuma dangin mahaifiyarta Yahudawan Sephardic ne daga zamanin [[Daular Usmaniyya|Ottoman]], Thessaloniki, yanzu haka tana Macedonia, arewacin Girka . Berkley ta ƙaura tare da iyalinta zuwa [[Las Vegas|Las Vegas, Nevada]] a shekarar 1964 lokacin da take ɗalibar makarantar sakandare ta farko, tana zuwa Makarantar Sakandare ta Fremont Junior da Valley. Bayan kammala makarantar sakandare, ta zama memba na farko a cikin iyalinta da ta halarci kwaleji lokacin da ta yi rajista a matsayin ɗalibi na farko a Jami'ar Nevada, Las Vegas . Ta zama memba na ƙungiyar Delta Zeta . An zaɓe ta a matsayin shugabar ɗaliban ƙungiyar ɗaliban da suka haɗu da Jami'ar Nevada, Las Vegas a shekarar ƙarshe ta karatunta, Shelley ta kammala karatunta da girmamawa a shekarar 1972, inda ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin kimiyyar siyasa. <ref name="BiographicalDirectoryOfCongress" /> Bayan ta sami digirin JD a shekarar 1976 daga Makarantar Shari'a ta Jami'ar San Diego, Shelley ta koma Las Vegas ta fara aikinta na ƙwararru. Berkley ta yi aikin lauya tsawon shekaru da dama, galibi a matsayin memba na lauyan lauyoyi na gidajen caca da dama na Las Vegas. Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin darakta ta ƙasa ta American Hotel-Motel Association. == Farkon aikina == === Majalisar Nevada (1982–84) === Berkley ya yi aiki a Majalisar Dokokin Nevada daga 1982 zuwa 1984 kuma ya shiga harkokin jama'a a cikin gida. <ref>{{Cite web |date=April 2011 |title=Nevada Legislators 1861–2011 |url=http://www.leg.state.nv.us/Division/Research/Publications/NVLegislators/NVLegislators.pdf |access-date=September 22, 2011 |publisher=Research Division Legislative Counsel Bureau of the [[Nevada Legislature]] |archive-date=March 18, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190318233451/https://www.leg.state.nv.us/Division/Research/Publications/NVLegislators/NVLegislators.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> === Hukumar Kula da Jami'o'i ta Jami'ar Nevada da Kwalejin Al'umma (1990–1998) === Berkley ta yi aiki a Hukumar Kula da Ilimi Mai Girma ta Nevada daga 1990 zuwa 1998. A lokacin da take kan mulki, an naɗa ta a matsayin mataimakiyar shugabar hukumar. === Aikin kamfanoni masu zaman kansu === A shekarun 1990, an yi wa Berkley aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara kan harkokin gwamnati a Las Vegas Sands . A shekarun 1996 da 1997, a lokacin gina The Venetian, Berkley ta shawarci wannan ma'aikaciyar da ta ba da gudummawar kamfen ga kwamishinonin Clark County biyu da alkalai biyu na Clark County don samun amincewarsu ga sabon otal ɗin. <ref name="LasVegasReviewJournal-19980605">{{Cite web |last=Morrison |first=Jane Ann |date=June 5, 1998 |title=Berkley ripped for advocating favors |url=http://www.reviewjournal.com/lvrj_home/1998/Jun-05-Fri-1998/news/7626867.html |access-date=September 22, 2011 |publisher=[[Las Vegas Review-Journal]]}}</ref> Ta shawarci mai aikinta cewa za su amfana daga bayar da gudummawar kamfen ga alkalai biyu saboda waɗannan alkalan "suna taimaka wa waɗanda suka taimake su." <ref name="RenoNewsReview">{{Cite web |last=Cary |first=Sean |date=September 15, 2011 |title=A rocky start for Berkley |url=http://www.newsreview.com/reno/rocky-start-for-berkley/content?oid=3704227 |access-date=September 22, 2011 |publisher=Reno News Review}}</ref> Ta kuma sanar da mai aikinta cewa suna da zaɓin neman tagomashi a siyasance ta hanyar ɗaukar kawun Kwamishinan Gundumar Erin Kenny da kuma ba da rangwamen daiquiri ga shugabar kwamiti Yvonne Atkinson Gates. <ref name="LasVegasReviewJournal-19980605" /> == Majalisar Wakilan Amurka (1999–2013) == {{Multiple image|thumb|2011 congressional portrait of Berkley}} Berkley ta wakilci gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Nevada daga 1999 zuwa 2013, inda ta yi wa'adi bakwai a matsayin 'yar majalisar wakilai ta Amurka. Gundumar ta wakilci mafi yawan birnin [[Las Vegas]] da kuma Las Vegas Strip da kuma birnin Las Vegas ta Arewa . Ita ce mace ta biyu da aka zaba zuwa Majalisar Wakilai daga Nevada (bayan Barbara Vucanovich kawai), ta farko da ta yi hakan a matsayin 'yar takarar jam'iyyar Democrat, da kuma mace ta farko da aka zaba don wakiltar gundumar ta farko. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2025)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> A Majalisar Dokoki, Berkley ta kasance memba na Sabuwar Jam'iyyar Democrat . <ref name="ProjectVoteSmart-Biography">{{Cite web |title=Representative Shelley Berkley (NV) |url=http://www.votesmart.org/bio.php?can_id=22744 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111102233035/http://www.votesmart.org/bio.php?can_id=22744 |archive-date=November 2, 2011 |access-date=September 22, 2011 |publisher=[[Project Vote Smart]]}}</ref> Tana kallon manyan abubuwan da ta sa a gaba a matsayin inshorar lafiya mai araha ga dukkan Amurkawa, haƙƙin tsoffin sojoji da kuma makamashin madadin. <ref>{{Cite web |title=New Dems Bolster Influence by Securing Key Committee Slots |url=http://newdemocratcoalition-kind.house.gov/press-release/new-dems-bolster-influence-securing-key-committee-slots |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130302115649/https://newdemocratcoalition-kind.house.gov/press-release/new-dems-bolster-influence-securing-key-committee-slots |archive-date=March 2, 2013 |access-date=November 16, 2013 |publisher=New Democratic Coalition}}</ref> Berkley kuma tana adawa da gina ma'ajiyar sharar nukiliya a Dutsen Yucca, Nevada. <ref>{{Cite web |date=November 30, 2010 |title=Berkley Alarmed By Renewed Republican Effort To Revive Yucca Mountain |url=http://berkley.house.gov/2010/11/berkley-alarmed-by-renewed-republican-effort-to-revive-yucca-mountain.shtml |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120415100635/http://berkley.house.gov/2010/11/berkley-alarmed-by-renewed-republican-effort-to-revive-yucca-mountain.shtml |archive-date=April 15, 2012 |access-date=February 24, 2012 |publisher=Berkley.house.gov}}</ref> === Yaƙin neman zaɓe === A shekarar 1996, ɗan majalisar wakilai na Amurka John Ensign ya sake lashe zaɓe a gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Nevada da kashi 50.1% na ƙuri'un da aka kaɗa, wanda ya nuna raguwar kashi 6.6% idan aka kwatanta da Bob Coffin, ɗan takarar jam'iyyar Democrat. <ref>{{Cite web |title=NV District 1 Race – Nov 05, 1996 |url=http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=29632 |access-date=February 24, 2012 |publisher=Our Campaigns}}</ref> Washegari, Berkley ta shigar da takardu don tsayawa takara a gundumar. Ta tara dala 206,000 a cikin watanni shida na farko da kuma dala 410,000 a cikin watanni shida masu zuwa. Berkley ita ce 'yar takarar da 'yan Democrat ke burin samu, domin ta lashe zaɓen fidda gwani cikin sauƙi da kashi 81.5% na ƙuri'un da aka kaɗa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=NV District 1 – D Primary Race – Sep 01, 1998 |url=http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=71340 |access-date=February 24, 2012 |publisher=Our Campaigns}}</ref> Ensign ta yanke shawarar yin ritaya domin ta fafata da Sanata Harry Reid na Amurka a zaɓen majalisar dattawa na 1998 mai cike da ƙalubale. A zaɓen gama gari, ta kayar da [http://www.chairez.com/about.htm Don Chairez]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} na jam'iyyar Republican, Alkalin Kotun Gunduma a Clark County <ref>{{Cite web |title=Candidate – Don Chairez |url=http://www.ourcampaigns.com/CandidateDetail.html?CandidateID=15777 |access-date=February 24, 2012 |publisher=Our Campaigns}}</ref> da kashi 49.2% na ƙuri'un da aka kaɗa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=NV District 1 Race – Nov 03, 1998 |url=http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=30722 |access-date=February 24, 2012 |publisher=Our Campaigns}}</ref> A shekara ta 2000, ta sake lashe zaɓe da kashi 51.7% a kan Sanata Jon Porter na Jiha. <ref>{{Cite web |title=NV District 1 Race – Nov 07, 2000 |url=http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=708 |access-date=February 24, 2012 |publisher=Our Campaigns}}</ref> A shekara ta 2002, ta kayar da [[Las Vegas|'yar majalisar birnin Las Vegas]] ta Republican Lynette Boggs da kashi 53.7%. <ref>{{Cite web |title=NV District 1 Race – Nov 05, 2002 |url=http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=1198 |access-date=February 24, 2012 |publisher=Our Campaigns}}</ref> [[Fayil:Shelleyberkley.jpeg|thumb|Hoton Berkley na Majalisa]] Berkley ta sanar a watan Yunin 2012 cewa za ta mika dukkan gudummawar dala 11,900 na kamfen ɗin Harvey Whittemore da aka gurfanar a gaban kotu ga Ma'aikatar Baitulmalin Amurka . An tuhumi Whittemore da karya dokokin kuɗaɗen kamfen da kuma ɓatar da jami'an tsaro. Kafin ta yi alƙawarin bayar da gudummawar Whittemore, Berkley ta ce tana riƙe da gudummawarsa a matsayin escrow yayin da take jiran sakamakon binciken da ake yi masa. A matsayinta na 'yar majalisa ta 6, Berkley ta sami goyon baya daga ƙungiyoyi da dama na fafutukar kare haƙƙin mata . Jigogin wasu ƙungiyoyi da suka goyi bayan Berkley sun haɗa da ilimi, kare muhalli, da daidaiton jinsi a siyasa. Berkley ya sami goyon baya daga ƙungiyoyi kamar Ƙungiyar Ilimi ta Ƙasa, [[Cibiyar Sierra|Ƙungiyar Sierra]] da [[Ƙungiyar Siyasa ta Mata ta Kasa|Ƙungiyar Siyasa ta Mata ta Ƙasa]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Shelley Berkley |url=http://www.votesmart.org/candidate/evaluations/22744/shelley-berkley |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181116091325/https://votesmart.org/candidate/evaluations/22744/shelley-berkley |archive-date=November 16, 2018 |access-date=February 24, 2012 |publisher=Project Vote Smart}}</ref> === Ayyukan kwamiti === * Kwamitin Hanyoyi da Hanyoyi ** Kwamitin Tsaron Jama'a ** Kwamitin Zaɓaɓɓun Matakan Samun Kuɗi === Zaman mulki da ƙuri'u === A shekarar 2011, Berkley ya kaɗa ƙuri'a kan Dokar Ba da Izini ta Tsaron Ƙasa ta Shekarar Kuɗi ta 2012 a matsayin wani ɓangare na wani tanadi mai cike da ce-ce-ku-ce wanda ke ba gwamnati da sojoji damar tsare 'yan ƙasar Amurka da wasu ba tare da shari'a ba har abada. An bai wa Berkley maki daban-daban daga ƙungiyoyi daban-daban na fafutukar kare hakkin mata waɗanda suka keɓe ga batutuwa daban-daban (daga batutuwan [[zubar da ciki]], [[noma]], [[Laifi|batutuwan laifuka]], haƙƙin dabbobi, kasafin kuɗi da [[haraji]] da kuma taimakon ƙasashen waje ). NARAL Pro-Choice America ta ba Berkley maki 100% a shekarar 2010, yayin da Kwamitin 'Yancin Rai na Ƙasa ya ba ta maki 0%. <ref>{{Cite web |title=NARAL Pro-Choice America Rating |url=http://www.votesmart.org/interest-group/1016/rating/5741 |access-date=February 24, 2012 |publisher=Project Vote Smart }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=National Right to Life Committee Rating |url=http://www.votesmart.org/interest-group/252/rating/4758 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111228012702/http://www.votesmart.org/interest-group/252/rating/4758 |archive-date=December 28, 2011 |access-date=February 24, 2012 |publisher=Project Vote Smart}}</ref> Ƙungiyar Ofishin Gona ta Amurka ta ba Berkley maki 33% a shekarar 2010 game da noma, yayin da Ƙungiyar Ma'aikatan Gona ta Ƙasa ta ba Berkley maki 100%. Sauran ƙungiyoyin masu sha'awa Berkley ta sami maki mai yawa daga Citizens United for Rehabilitation of Errants, da kuma Asusun Kare Namun Daji . Ƙungiyoyin da Berkley ya samu maki mara kyau daga gare su sun haɗa da Ƙungiyar Masu Biyan Haraji ta Ƙasa da kuma Peace Action . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Shelley Berkley – Ratings and Endorsements |url=http://www.votesmart.org/candidate/evaluations/22744/shelley-berkley |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181116091325/https://votesmart.org/candidate/evaluations/22744/shelley-berkley |archive-date=November 16, 2018 |access-date=February 24, 2012 |publisher=Project Vote Smart}}</ref> ==== Al'amuran cikin gida ==== [[Fayil:Congresswoman_Berkley_Speaks_at_the_Red_Rock_Canyon_Visitors_Center_Grand_Opening.png|thumb|Berkley yana jawabi a Babban Buɗe Cibiyar Ziyarar [[Yankin Kare Kasa na Red Rock Canyon|Red Rock Canyon]]]] A ranar 3 ga Oktoba, 2008, Berkley ta kaɗa ƙuri'a ga Dokar Daidaita Tattalin Arziki ta Gaggawa ta 2008, wadda ta ƙirƙiri Shirin Rage Kadarorin da ke Cikin Tashin Hankali (TARP) wanda ya ceto bankunan Wall Street . <ref name="HouseVote681-2008">{{Cite web |date=October 3, 2008 |title=Final Vote Results For Roll Call 681 |url=http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2008/roll681.xml |access-date=September 22, 2011 |publisher=[[Clerk of the United States House of Representatives]]}}</ref> <ref name="PBS-WallStreet-20110903">{{Cite web |date=September 3, 2010 |title=The True Cost of the Bank Bailout |url=https://www.pbs.org/wnet/need-to-know/economy/the-true-cost-of-the-bank-bailout/3309/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200111172150/http://www.pbs.org/wnet/need-to-know/economy/the-true-cost-of-the-bank-bailout/3309/ |archive-date=January 11, 2020 |access-date=September 22, 2011 |publisher=[[Public Broadcasting Service|PBS]]}}</ref> A ranar 26 ga Yuni, 2009, Berkley ta kaɗa ƙuri'a ga [[Dokar Tsabtace Makamashi da Tsaro ta Amurka]], wadda za ta aiwatar da tsarin ciniki mai kama da ƙa'idodin da gwamnatin Reagan ta gabatar <ref>{{Cite journal |title=The Political History of Cap and Trade |url=http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/Presence-of-Mind-Blue-Sky-Thinking.html |journal=Smithsonian Magazine |access-date=October 12, 2011}}</ref> a shekarun 1980, wanda a lokacin aka sani da " [[Kasuwancin fitarwa|ciniki da hayaki mai gurbata muhalli]] ." <ref name="HouseVote477-2009">{{Cite web |date=June 26, 2009 |title=Final Vote Results for Roll Call 477 |url=http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2009/roll477.xml |access-date=September 22, 2011 |publisher=[[Clerk of the United States House of Representatives]]}}</ref> Berkley ya kaɗa ƙuri'a ga Dokar Kare Marasa Lafiya da Kulawa Mai Sauƙi ta 2010. <ref name="HouseVote887-2009">{{Cite web |date=November 7, 2009 |title=Final Vote Results for Roll Call 887 |url=http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2009/roll887.xml |access-date=September 22, 2011 |publisher=[[Clerk of the United States House of Representatives]]}}</ref> <ref name="HouseVote165-2010">{{Cite web |date=March 21, 2010 |title=Final Vote Results for Roll Call 165 |url=http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2010/roll165.xml |access-date=September 22, 2011 |publisher=[[Clerk of the United States House of Representatives]]}}</ref> <ref name="HouseVote167-2010">{{Cite web |date=March 21, 2010 |title=FINAL VOTE RESULTS FOR ROLL CALL 167 |url=http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2010/roll167.xml |access-date=September 22, 2011 |publisher=[[Clerk of the United States House of Representatives]]}}</ref> ==== Manufofin ƙasashen waje ====   Berkley mai goyon bayan [[Isra'ila]] ne kuma memba ne na Kwamitin Hulɗa da Jama'a na Isra'ila na Amurka wanda ke goyon bayan Isra'ila . A ranar 10 ga Oktoba, 2002, Berkley yana cikin 'yan Democrat 81 na Majalisar Wakilai da suka kaɗa ƙuri'ar amincewa da izinin mamaye Iraki . <ref name="HouseVote455-2002">{{Cite web |date=October 10, 2002 |title=Final Vote Results for Roll Call 455 |url=http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2002/roll455.xml |access-date=September 22, 2011 |publisher=[[Clerk of the United States House of Representatives]]}}</ref> === Binciken ɗabi'a da suka masu alaƙa === A ranar 5 ga Satumba, 2011, wani bincike da ''[[New York Times|jaridar New York Times]]'' ta yi ya yi cikakken bayani game da ayyukan da Berkley ta yi a matsayinta na 'yar majalisar dokoki da ita da mijinta suka ci gajiyar kuɗi daga gare ta. Jaridar The ''Times'' ta lura cewa, "Ayyukan Ms. Berkley suna cikin jerin shirye-shiryen da suka shafe shekaru biyar da suka gabata inda ta tura dokoki ko kuma ta karkatar da hannun masu kula da harkokin tarayya don cimma wani ajanda da ya yi daidai da muradun kasuwanci na mijinta, Dr. Larry Lehrner." A ranar 19 ga Satumba, 2011, ƙungiyar da ke sa ido kan ɗabi'a ta Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington (CREW) ta fitar da rahotonta na shekara-shekara ''na Membobin Majalisar da suka fi cin hanci'' da rashawa. <ref name="CREW-PressRelease-20110919">{{Cite web |date=September 19, 2011 |title=CREW Names the 14 Most Corrupt Members of Congress; Five More Earn Dishonrable Mentions |url=http://www.citizensforethics.org/press/entry/crew-names-14-most-corrupt-members-of-congress |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110926081347/http://www.citizensforethics.org/press/entry/crew-names-14-most-corrupt-members-of-congress |archive-date=September 26, 2011 |access-date=September 22, 2011 |publisher=[[Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington]]}}</ref> Rahoton ya lissafa Berkley a cikin rukunin "Ambaton da ba shi da mutunci". <ref name="CREW-MostCorrupt-2011">{{Cite web |title=Shelley Berkley (D-NV) |url=http://www.crewsmostcorrupt.org/mostcorrupt/entry/shelley-berkley |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110924074220/http://www.crewsmostcorrupt.org/mostcorrupt/entry/shelley-berkley |archive-date=September 24, 2011 |access-date=September 22, 2011 |website=Most Corrupt Members of Congress |publisher=[[Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington]]}}</ref> <ref name="CREW-MostCorrupt-2011-Report">{{Cite web |title=Dishonrable Mention: Representative Shelley Berkley |url=http://www.crewsmostcorrupt.org/mostcorrupt/entry/Shelley-Berkley-report |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111218234112/http://www.crewsmostcorrupt.org/mostcorrupt/entry/Shelley-Berkley-report |archive-date=December 18, 2011 |access-date=September 22, 2011 |website=Most Corrupt Members of Congress |publisher=[[Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington]] |format=PDF}}</ref> An sanya Berkley a cikin rahoton ''Membobin Majalisar da suka fi cin hanci da rashawa'' ta CREW a shekara ta biyu a jere a 2012. <ref name="2012-CREW-Most-Corrupt-Announcement">{{Cite web |date=September 12, 2012 |title=CREW Names the 12 Most Corrupt Members of Congress; Eight More Earn Dishonorable Mentions |url=http://www.citizensforethics.org/press/entry/crew-most-corrupt-members-of-congress-2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120916031838/http://www.citizensforethics.org/press/entry/crew-most-corrupt-members-of-congress-2012 |archive-date=September 16, 2012 |access-date=September 20, 2012 |publisher=[[Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington]]}}</ref> A ranar 9 ga Yuli, 2012, Kwamitin Ɗa'a na Majalisar Dokokin Amurka ya kaɗa ƙuri'a gaba ɗaya don kafa wani ƙaramin kwamiti na bincike don ganin ko Berkley ta yi amfani da matsayinta na hukuma don kare manufofin da suka amfani tattalin arzikin iyalinta. Musamman ma, ana zargin Berkley da tura dokokin kiwon lafiya waɗanda za su amfani aikin likitancin mijinta. An kuma zargi Berkley da ƙoƙarinta na toshe rufe cibiyar dashen koda inda mijinta ke aiki. == Yaƙin neman zaɓen Majalisar Dattawan Amurka na 2012 == Berkley ta sanar da cewa za ta tsaya takarar Majalisar Dattawan Amurka a watan Afrilun 2011 domin maye gurbin John Ensign, wanda ya yi murabus a daidai lokacin da ake tafka badakalar ɗa'a. <ref name="RollCall-20110414">{{Cite web |last=Trygstad |first=Kyle |date=April 14, 2011 |title=Shelley Berkley Will Run for Senate in Nevada |url=http://www.rollcall.com/news/Shelly-Berkley-Senate-Bid-Nevada-204958-1.html |access-date=September 22, 2011 |publisher=[[Roll Call]]}}</ref> Ta sami tikitin takarar Democrat a zaben fidda gwani na watan Yuni kuma ta fuskanci sanata mai ci Dean Heller da aka nada a matsayin gwamna a babban zaben watan Nuwamba. Ta sha kaye a zaben da kyar a hannun Heller da kashi 46% zuwa 45%. Zuwa watan Yulin 2012, Berkley ya tara dala $4.&nbsp;gudummawar miliyoyin daloli don kamfen ɗinta na kawar da Heller, yayin da Heller ta tara dala $4.4&nbsp;miliyan. == Nassoshi == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1951]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] f0b4xuz6j8pqq2w15gaa5h4y2fzsv9t 0 147364 829792 817526 2026-05-05T03:16:58Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829792 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Shaun C. Nua''' (an haife shi a ranar 22 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta 1981) tsohon dan wasan [[Kwallon ƙafa na Amurka|kwallon kafa]] ne na Amurka kuma mai horar da kwallon kafa na yanzu. Ya buga wasan Kwallon ƙafa na kwaleji a Jami'ar Brigham Young kuma Pittsburgh Steelers ne suka zaba shi a zagaye na bakwai na shirin NFL na 2005. Nua a halin yanzu ita ce kocin tsaron kungiyar kwallon kafa ta USC Trojans. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Nua a Pago Pago, babban birnin Samoa ta Amurka - wani Yankin da ba a kafa shi ba na Amurka wanda ke cikin Kudancin Tekun Pacific . Shi ne na biyu babba a cikin yara shida da Sao da Usu Nua suka haifa, manomi da ma'aikacin jinya, bi da bi.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web |last=Wagner |first=Bill |title=Navy's Nua, a native of American Samoa, is an assistant coach on the rise |url=https://www.capitalgazette.com/sports/navy_sports/ac-cs-shaun-nua-feature-20171028-story.html |website=capitalgazette.com }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Nua ta halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Tafuna a Tafuna, Samoa ta Amurka . A matsayinsa na babban jami'i, ya sami lambar yabo ta All-League a matsayin mai tsaron gida, duk da haka ya sha wahala daga ACL. Nua ya koma tsibirin Hawaiian na Oahu don ya zauna tare da mahaifiyarsa na watanni shida yayin da yake murmurewa daga raunin gwiwa. Daga can, ya koma [[Phoenix|Phoenix, Arizona]] don ya zauna tare da 'yar'uwarsa, wacce ta kasance dalibi a Jami'ar Jihar Arizona.<ref name="auto"/> == Ayyukan kwaleji == Nua ta fara halartar Kwalejin Gabashin Arizona, ƙaramar kwaleji a Graham County, Arizona. Mataimakin kocin kwallon kafa na Gabashin Arizona kuma tsohon jami'in BYU (kuma kocin kwallon kwando na yanzu na BYU) Kalani Sitake ya taimaka wajen jagorantar Nua zuwa ga tallafin karatu na Division 1 a BYU . <ref name="auto1">{{Cite web |last=Wagner |first=Bill |title=Navy loses defensive line coach Shaun Nua to Arizona State |url=https://www.capitalgazette.com/sports/navy_sports/ac-cs-nua-leaving-navy-20180108-story.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190119174217/https://www.capitalgazette.com/sports/navy_sports/ac-cs-nua-leaving-navy-20180108-story.html |archive-date=January 19, 2019 |access-date=January 18, 2019 |website=capitalgazette.com}}</ref> Nua ta yi redshirt a shekara ta 2003 kafin ta dawo a kakar 2004 kuma ta sami lambar yabo ta biyu ta All-Mountain West Conference a matsayin babban jami'i. Daga karshe ya bayyana a wasanni 22, inda ya buga 54 tackles (30 solo, 24 taimako) da 10 sacks a cikin aikinsa a BYU . <ref name="BYU">{{Cite web |title=Shaun Nua |url=https://byucougars.com/athlete/football/8415/Shaun-Nua |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060502022431/http://www.byucougars.com/football/profiles/00000000931_ftb.html |archive-date=May 2, 2006 |access-date=October 21, 2020 |publisher=BYU}}</ref> Nua ta kammala karatu daga BYU a shekara ta 2005 tare da digiri na farko a fannin matasa da nishaɗin iyali, kuma daga baya ta sami digiri na biyu daga BYU wajen gudanar da nishaɗi a shekara ta 2013. <ref name="mgoblue.com">{{Cite web |title=Nua Named Michigan's Defensive Line Coach |url=http://mgoblue.com/news/2019/1/17/football-nua-named-michigans-defensive-line-coach.aspx |website=University of Michigan Athletics}}</ref> == Ayyukan sana'a == [[Fayil:Shaun_Nua_XL_media_day.jpg|left|thumb|Nua tare da Pittsburgh Steelers a ranar watsa labarai ta Super Bowl XL]] Pittsburgh Steelers ne suka zabi Nua a zagaye na bakwai na shirin NFL na 2005. <ref>{{Cite web |title=2005 NFL Draft Listing |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/2005/draft.htm |access-date=2023-05-07 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> Zai shafe shekaru uku masu zuwa a cikin jerin sunayen Steelers da kuma tawagar motsa jiki, yana samun zobe na Super Bowl tare da Gasar Steelers a shekara ta 2006.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Michigan football plans to hire Arizona State DL coach Shaun Nua |url=https://www.freep.com/story/sports/college/university-michigan/wolverines/2019/01/16/michigan-football-defensive-line-coach-shaun-nua/2596929002/ |website=Detroit Free Press}}</ref> A shekara ta 2008, an sanya hannu kan kwangilar gaba / ajiya tare da Buffalo Bills, duk da haka an sake shi kafin kakar.<ref>{{Cite web |title=2008 Buffalo Bills Transactions Stats |url=http://www.espn.in/nfl/team/transactions/_/name/buf/season/2008 |website=ESPN}}</ref> == Ayyukan horarwa == Bayan ya kasance a cikin NFL, Nua ya koma alma mater a matsayin mataimakin mai digiri na tsaron gida a ma'aikatan kocin BYU Bronco Mendenhall daga 2009 zuwa 2011. Nua ta taimaka wa Cougars su cimma matsaya ta 24 mafi kyawun tsaron kasar a shekarar 2010 da kuma tsaron 13 a shekarar 2011. BYU ta lashe wasanninta na kofin shekaru biyu yayin da ta gama kakar 2011 a matsayin No. 25 a cikin karshe USA Today Coaches Poll tare da rikodin 10-3. A ranar 26 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 2012, Nua ta shiga ma'aikatan horar da Ken Niumatalolo a Navy a matsayin mai horar da layin tsaro.<ref name="auto"/> A ranar 7 ga watan Janairun 2018, Nua ta shiga ma'aikatan horar da Herm Edwards a Jihar Arizona a matsayin kocin tsaron gida.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sun Devil Football Adds Shaun Nua as Defensive Line Coach |url=http://thesundevils.com/news/2018/1/7/sun-devi-football-adds-shaun-nua-as-defensive-line-coach.aspx?path=football |website=Arizona State University Athletics}}</ref><ref name="auto1"/> [[Fayil:Shaun_Nua_(51496089138).jpg|right|thumb|Nua tare da Michigan a cikin 2021]] A ranar 17 ga watan Janairun 2019, Nua ta shiga ma'aikatan horar da Jim Harbaugh a Michigan a matsayin kocin tsaron gida.<ref name="mgoblue.com"/><ref>{{Cite web |last=McMann |first=Aaron |date=January 17, 2019 |title=Michigan announces hire of Shaun Nua, 'a rising star in the coaching profession' |url=https://www.mlive.com/wolverines/2019/01/michigan-announces-hire-of-shaun-nua-a-rising-star-in-the-coaching-profession.html |website=mlive.com}}</ref> Nua ta sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar aiki ta shekaru biyu wacce ke biyan shi albashi na shekara-shekara na $ 400,000.<ref>{{Cite web |last=McMann |first=Aaron |date=January 29, 2019 |title=DL coach Shaun Nua's deal at Michigan: 2 years, $400K salary |url=https://www.mlive.com/wolverines/2019/01/dl-coach-shaun-nuas-deal-at-michigan-2-years-400k-salary.html |website=mlive.com}}</ref> == Na Mutum == Nua da matarsa Hilary suna da 'ya'ya uku: Losi, Kelina, da Malia . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Shaun Nua - Defensive Line Coach - Staff Directory |url=http://mgoblue.com/staff.aspx?staff=3765&path=football |website=University of Michigan Athletics }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Nua dan uwan BYU Softball All-American ne kuma Hall of Famer Ianeta Le'i, da kuma BYU Volleyball All-American da memba na Ƙungiyar Ƙasa Futi Tavana. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{Twitter|CoachNua}} * {{Commons category-inline}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1981]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] egphha0ux4s6lb3yusfcb2kjx2tibt6 0 147485 829926 818197 2026-05-05T06:52:54Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829926 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sidiga Abdelrahim Washi (Larabci; صديقةوشي sidiga washiا)''' (5 May 1955 - 3 Oktoba 2018) malami ne ɗan Sudan wanda ya ƙware a yawan jama'a, lafiyar haihuwa da abinci mai gina jiki. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=In memoriam – Dr. Sidiga Washi |url=https://www.equalitynow.org/in_memoriam_dr_sidiga_washi |access-date=2019-03-06 |website=Equality Now |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sidiga Abdelrahim Washi |url=http://p30678.typo3server.info/fileadmin/user_upload/council_congress_2008/Speakers___Programme/Sidiga_Washi_Introduction.pdf |access-date=2018-12-08 |language=en-EN}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2017-02-27 |title=Sidiga Washi |url=http://www.ansnet.org/en/about/team/sidiga-washi/ |access-date=2019-04-15 |website=African Nutrition Society |language=en-US |archive-date=2019-04-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190415114316/http://www.ansnet.org/en/about/team/sidiga-washi/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Sidiga Washi farfesa ne a fannin ilimin iyali da masu amfani/abincin da ya shafi al'umma, shugaban makarantar Kimiyyar Iyali/Lafiya kuma tsohon darakta ne a fannin bincike da horarwa kan abinci mai gina jiki da lafiya a [[Jami'ar Ahfad ta Mata]] a Sudan, kuma darektan ofishin tabbatar da inganci da tantance cibiyoyi a [[Jami'a|jami'ar]] . <ref name=":1"/> == Ilimi == Digiri na farko a fannin kimiyya, [[Jami'ar Ahfad ta Mata|Jami'ar Ahfad]] Digiri na farko a fannin kimiyya, Jami'ar Qatar, 1984. Digiri na biyu a fannin kimiyya, Jami'ar Jihar Iowa, 1988. Likita a fannin Falsafa, Jami'ar Jihar Iowa, 1992. == Sana'a == Washi ta kasance memba na Ƙungiyar Kimiyya ta Babiker Badri don Nazarin Mata <ref>{{Cite web |title=Babiker Badri (Scientific Association for Women's Studies) |url=http://www.insightonconflict.org/conflicts/sudan/peacebuilding-organisations/babiker-badri/ |access-date=2019-03-06 |website=Peace Insight |language=en}}</ref> (a matsayin mai fafutuka tun 1985, sannan kuma a matsayin sakatare 1985-1986), Washi kuma ta kasance mai bi na Ƙungiyar Ilimi ta Ƙwararru ta Amurka, Ƙungiyar Ilimi da Horar da Sana'o'i ta Duniya, Ƙungiyar Mata a Ci Gaba (Kyautar Girmamawa ta 1991), Ƙungiyar Ƙasa da Ƙasa ta Tattalin Arzikin Gida, Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arzikin Gida ta Afirka, Ƙungiyar Nazarin Sudan, Ilimin Abinci Mai Gina Jiki na Al'umma. === Mukaman da aka riƙe === * Shugaban Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arzikin Gida ta Duniya (IFHE) daga [https://www.ifhe.org/membership-and-login/ifhe-membership/ifhe-membership-information/member-information/ 2016 zuwa 2018] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190106055131/https://www.ifhe.org/membership-and-login/ifhe-membership/ifhe-membership-information/member-information/ |date=2019-01-06 }} * Mataimakiyar shugabar yankin Gabashin Afirka ta ƙungiyar Ilimi da Horar da Sana'o'i ta Duniya ( [[IVETA]] ) na tsawon shekaru huɗu kuma memba ce ta ƙungiyar mata masu tasowa (AWID). * Mai ba da shawara ga OXFAM, [[UNICEF]], UNFPA, da sauran ƙungiyoyin agaji da yawa. === Ganewa === An bai wa Washi kyautar Glenn Murphy ta Duniya daga ƙungiyar mata a tsohuwar jami'arta, Jami'ar Jihar Iowa, don girmama aikinta na ci gaban mata a Sudan. [1] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}}{{Authority control}} [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2018]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1955]] jbn203jlbprx5spgr32wmki193q256j 0 147520 829637 818301 2026-05-04T18:47:22Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 5 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829637 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Salisu Usman Ogbo''' (an haife shi a ranar 25 ga Oktoba, 1972) masanin kimiyya ne kuma ɗan siyasa na Najeriya. Shi ne Rector na Kogi State Polytechnic a Lokoja, Najeriya, bayan an nada shi na farko a matsayin mai aiki a shekarar 2020 kuma an tabbatar da shi a shekarar 2021.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Kogi Poly Rector, Ogbo Salisu, Bags Award For Outstanding Performance |url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/kogi-poly-rector-ogbo-salisu-bags-award-for-outstanding-performance/ |newspaper=[[Nigerian Tribune]]|date=28 March 2022 |access-date=26 April 2025}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Ogbo ne a [[Ankpa]], Jihar Kogi, Najeriya . Ya yi karatu a [[Jami'ar Bayero|Jami'ar Bayero Kano]], inda ya sami digiri na farko a Kimiyya ta Siyasa sannan daga baya ya sami digiri mai girma daga [[Jami'ar Ilorin]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rector's Profile |url=https://kogistatepolytechnic.edu.ng/rector-profile/ |access-date=26 April 2025 |website=Kogi State Polytechnic }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Ya kuma halarci [[Jami'ar Jihar Nasarawa]], [[Keffi]] don ci gaba da karatun digiri.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rector's Profile |url=https://kogistatepolytechnic.edu.ng/rector-profile/ |access-date=26 April 2025 |website=Kogi State Polytechnic }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Ayyuka == Kafin nadin sa a matsayin Rector, Ogbo ya yi aiki a matsayin malami a Sashen Kimiyya na Siyasa a Jami'ar Jihar Kogi . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rector's Profile |url=https://kogistatepolytechnic.edu.ng/rector-profile/ |access-date=26 April 2025 |website=Kogi State Polytechnic }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A watan Afrilu na 2020, Gwamnan Jihar Kogi, [[Yahaya Bello]] ya nada shi mukaddashin Rector na Kogi State Polytechnic. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rector's Profile |url=https://kogistatepolytechnic.edu.ng/rector-profile/ |website=Kogi State Polytechnic |access-date=26 April 2025 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Governor Bello appoints Dr. Salisu Ogbo as acting Rector of Kogi Poly |url=https://kogireports.com/governor-bello-appoints-dr-salisu-ogbo-as-acting-rector-of-kogi-poly/ |newspaper=Kogi Reports |date=7 April 2020 |access-date=26 April 2025 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> An tabbatar da nadin sa a watan Fabrairun 2021. A karkashin jagorancinsa, Kogi State Polytechnic ya sami sauye-sauye ciki har da ingantaccen ababen more rayuwa, amincewa da sabbin shirye-shirye, da karfafa ka'idodin ilimi.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Kogi Poly Rector, Ogbo Salisu, Bags Award For Outstanding Performance |url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/kogi-poly-rector-ogbo-salisu-bags-award-for-outstanding-performance/ |newspaper=[[Nigerian Tribune]]|date=28 March 2022 |access-date=26 April 2025}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka da karbuwa == Ogbo ya sami kyaututtuka da yawa saboda jagorancinsa da gudummawa ga ilimi a Najeriya, gami da lambar yabo don kyakkyawan aiki a matsayin Rector.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Kogi Poly Rector, Ogbo Salisu, Bags Award For Outstanding Performance |url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/kogi-poly-rector-ogbo-salisu-bags-award-for-outstanding-performance/ |newspaper=[[Nigerian Tribune]]|date=28 March 2022 |access-date=26 April 2025}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [https://kogistatepolytechnic.edu.ng/ Shafin yanar gizon hukuma na Kogi State Polytechnic] == Duba kuma == * [[Kwalejin kimiyya ta jihar kogi|Makarantar Kwalejin Jihar Kogi]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1972]] d75h77ol9tbetegirp6dfqnfzqepinf 0 147677 829638 819072 2026-05-04T18:56:12Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829638 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sally Louisa Tompkins''' (9 ga Nuwamba, 1833 &#x2013; 25 ga Yuli, 1916) ma'aikaciyar jinya ce ta Confederate kuma mace ta farko da aka shigar da ita cikin rundunar soja a tarihin Amurka. Wataƙila ita ce mace ɗaya tilo da aka tura aiki a hukumance a rundunar sojojin Confederate . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Women In Military Service For America Memorial |url=http://www.womensmemorial.org/Education/WHM982.html |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040427192824/http://www.womensmemorial.org/Education/WHM982.html |archive-date=April 27, 2004 |access-date=March 25, 2018}}</ref> Ana tunawa da ita sosai saboda ɗaukar nauyin asibiti a Richmond, Virginia don kula da sojojin da suka ji rauni a Yaƙin Basasa na Amurka . A ƙarƙashin kulawarta, tana da mafi ƙarancin adadin mace-mace fiye da kowace ƙungiyar asibiti ko ta Confederate, a lokacin Yaƙin Basasa. An tuna da ita a matsayin "Mala'ikan ƙungiyar". <ref>{{Cite web |title=Captain Sally Tompkins |url=http://mason.gmu.edu/%7Ermaggian/hist697/finalproject/sallytompkins.html |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040705124911/http://mason.gmu.edu/%7Ermaggian/hist697/finalproject/sallytompkins.html |archive-date=July 5, 2004 |access-date=March 25, 2018}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == [[Fayil:Poplar_Grove_House.jpg|right|thumb|250x250px|Poplar Grove, wurin haihuwar Tompkins]] An haifi Sally Tompkins a ranar 9 ga Nuwamba, 1833, a Poplar Grove a yankin Tidewater na yankin Virginia ta Tsakiya . Ita 'yar Maria Patterson ce da Colonel Christopher Tompkins . Kanal Tompkins daga ƙarshe ya zama ɗan kasuwa mai arziki sosai, yana kasuwanci a Mathews County, Norfolk, da Richmond, Virginia. A ranar 16 ga watan Agusta, 1838, Kanal Tompkins ya mutu. Sally tana da kusan shekaru biyar a lokacin.<ref name="vaNRHPnom">{{Cite web |last=Virginia Historic Landmarks Commission Staff |date=n.d. |title=National Register of Historic Places Inventory/Nomination: Poplar Grove Mill and House |url=http://www.dhr.virginia.gov/registers/Counties/Mathews/057-0008_Poplar_Grove_House_1969_Final_Nomination.pdf |publisher=Virginia Department of Historic Resources}}</ref> 'Yar'uwar Tompkins, Elizabeth, ta kasance mai aiki sosai wajen maido da Ikilisiyar Kristi ta yankin, cocin Episcopal wanda ya lalace.<ref>{{Cite web |title=My Business - Parish History |url=http://kpepiscopal.org/parish_history }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Elizabeth da Sally sun kasance kusa da juna. Tompkins ta lalace lokacin da uku daga cikin 'yan uwanta mata (Martha, Harriet, da Elizabeth) suka mutu kawai a cikin 'yan makonni saboda annobar yankin a cikin 1842. Tompkins ya kula da marasa lafiya a cikin al'umma, kyauta da bautar. Ba a san cikakkun bayanai game da yarantakar Tompkins ba tunda rubuce-rubuce da yawa ba su tsira ba. Abin da aka sani shi ne cewa Tompkins, mahaifiyarta, da 'yar'uwarta da ta tsira, Maria, sun bar Poplar Grove kuma sun zauna a Norfolk daga 1849 zuwa 1852. Yayinda take Norfolk, Tompkins da 'yar'uwarta sun yi karatu a Cibiyar Mata ta Norfolk . A watan Janairun 1854, Tompkins, mahaifiyarta, da Maria sun koma Richmond, Virginia. Mahaifiyar Tompkins ta mutu bayan 'yan watanni. Tun da iyalin Tompkins sun yi kasuwanci a Richmond na shekaru da yawa, an maraba da Tompkins da 'yar'uwarta da hannuwan hannu. Sun yi hayar ɗakuna a cikin birni ba tare da sanin cewa Richmond nan ba zai zama cibiyar yakin basasa ba. == Mala'ika na Tarayyar == Richmond ya zama babban birnin Confederacy bayan Virginia ta zama ɗaya daga cikin jihohin Confederate na ƙarshe da suka rabu da Tarayyar a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1861. Gabaɗaya, Arewa da Kudu sun yi tunanin cewa rikici zai ƙare da sauri. Bayan yaƙin farko, al'ummar ta fahimci cewa yaƙin zai fi tsayi fiye da yadda suke tsammani. Yaƙin Farko na Bull Run - wanda aka fi sani da Yaƙin farko yaƙin Manassas - a ranar 21 ga Yuli, 1861, nasara ce ta Kudancin da ta buɗe yakin basasa a cikin babban yaƙin hannu da hannu na farko. Duk da maganar nasara, babban birnin Confederate bai shirya ba ga daruruwan sojoji da suka ji rauni waɗanda daga baya suka zubo, da yawa sun isa ta hanyar Virginia Central Railroad. Wannan firgici ya kawo gaskiyar tsoro na yaki kai tsaye a gida, yayin da jami'ai da 'yan ƙasa suka yi ƙoƙari su kula da yawan marasa lafiya da suka ji rauni. Asibitocin hukuma sun cika. Masana'antu, majami'u, har ma da gidaje sun zama asibitoci na wucin gadi don karɓar waɗanda suka ji rauni. A kusan shekaru 28, Tompkins yana daga cikin fararen hula da suka amsa ta hanyar buɗe gidan Alkalin John Robertson a matsayin asibiti. Alkalin Robertson ya dauki iyalinsa zuwa ƙauye don aminci kuma ya bar gidansa ga Sally don amfani da shi a matsayin asibiti muddin tana buƙata. Sally ba ita kaɗai ba ce a cikin wannan ƙoƙari. Mata da yawa daga Cocin Episcopal na Saint James, da kuma bayi da yawa, sun gudanar da abin da aka sani da Asibitin Robertson.<ref name="auto" /> Mata na Saint James Episcopal an san su da "The Ladies of Robertson Hospital". <ref name="auto" /> Asibitin Robertson ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan asibitocin lokacin yaƙi na Kudu. Bayan rikicin farko ya wuce, Shugaba [[Jefferson Davis]] ya kafa ka'idojin da ke buƙatar asibitocin soja su kasance ƙarƙashin umurnin soja. Asibitin Robertson ya yi irin wannan aiki mai kyau kuma ya shirya don ci gaba, cewa Shugaba Jefferson Davis ya ba da izini ga Tompkins a matsayin kyaftin don ta ci gaba da aikinta. Ita da Lucy Otey na Lynchburg an ba su izini a matsayin jami'ai a cikin Sojojin Tarayyar Amurka. <ref name="OAH">{{Cite web |last=Maggiano |first=Ron |title=Captain Sally Tompkins: Angel of the Confederacy |url=http://www.oah.org/pubs/magazine/publichistory/maggiano.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080922145401/http://www.oah.org/pubs/magazine/publichistory/maggiano.html |archive-date=September 22, 2008 |access-date=August 2, 2009 |publisher=[[Organization of American Historians]] Magazine of History Winter 2002 issue}}</ref> <ref name="OSU">{{Cite web |title=Sally L. Tompkins |url=http://ehistory.osu.edu/world/PeopleView.cfm?PID=77 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100917010018/http://ehistory.osu.edu/world/PeopleView.Cfm?PID=77 |archive-date=September 17, 2010 |access-date=August 2, 2009 |publisher=[[Ohio State University]] eHistory}}</ref> Ta ki biyan duk wani biyan kuɗi don ayyukanta. A kan kwamishinan soja, mai kwanan wata 9 ga Satumba, 1861, ta rubuta, "Na yarda da kwamishinan a matsayin Kyaftin a cikin C.S.A. lokacin da aka miƙa shi. Amma, ba zan ba da izinin sanya sunana a kan lissafin albashi na sojoji ba. "<ref name="oah.org">{{Cite web |title=Captain Sally Tompkins: Angel of the Confederacy &#124; Ron Maggiano &#124; OAH Magazine of History |url=http://www.oah.org/pubs/magazine/publichistory/maggiano.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030101141041/http://www.oah.org/pubs/magazine/publichistory/maggiano.html |archive-date=January 1, 2003 |access-date=March 25, 2018}}</ref> Asibitin Robertson ya ci gaba da kula da marasa lafiya a duk lokacin yakin, ya sallami soja na karshe a ranar 13 ga Yuni, 1865. A lokacin da ya kasance shekaru hudu, Asibitin Robertson ya kula da mutane 1,334 da suka ji rauni tare da mutuwar mutum saba'in da uku kawai, mafi ƙarancin mutuwar kowane asibitin soja a lokacin yakin basasa. <ref name="oah.org"/> Mawallafi kuma mai ba da labari game da yakin basasa Mary Chesnut ta kasance mai baƙo akai-akai a asibitin. Ta rubuta "Our [[Florence Nightingale]] is Sally Tompkins. " Wani marubuci, Judith McGuire, ya kasance mai sa kai a asibiti kuma ya haɗa da kwatanci da yawa na kula da marasa lafiya yayin da suke can. Gudanar da asibiti ba tare da gwaje-gwaje ba. Richmond ya dogara da shigo da kayayyaki don kasuwanci kuma lokacin da toshewar ta karfafa a bakin tekun, birnin ya fuskanci tashin hankali a tituna. Lokacin da kayayyaki suka kasance da wahala a shiga cikin birni, Asibitin Robertson ya hayar da mai tseren toshewa don kawo abubuwan da ake bukata daga kasashen waje. Tun da Tompkins da wasu daga cikin sauran mata sun kasance a asibiti ta hanyar yakin, sun sami ƙauna da girmamawa daga marasa lafiya. Tompkins ta sami shawarwari da yawa na aure daga tsoffin marasa lafiya saboda godiya ga abin da ta yi, duk abin da ta ƙi. Fiye da maza 1,300 da suka yi sa'a da za a tura su asibitin Robertson sun kira ta kawai "Kapitan Sally". == Bayan Yaƙin == Lokacin da An kwashe Richmond a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1865, Sally da masu sa kai da yawa sun zaɓi su zauna a asibiti don kula da marasa lafiya na ƙarshe. Ta hanyar tattaunawa tare da darektan kiwon lafiya na Union, an ba Sally damar ci gaba da bude asibitinta na wasu watanni biyu bayan yakin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=McGuire Notes |url=http://mdgorman.com/Hospitals/McGuire_Notes.htm}}</ref> Da zarar an rufe asibitin, Tompkins ya yi tafiya a kusa da Virginia yana ziyartar tsoffin abokai da dangi da yawa. Ta kuma ba da kanta don koyar da makarantar Lahadi a Cocin Episcopal na St. James kuma ta kasance memba mai aiki a can ga mafi yawan rayuwarta. Sally jarumi ne na gida a Richmond . Ta dauki bakuncin taron ga marasa lafiya a cikin Babban Taron Confederate na 1896. Tsoffin sojoji sun yi tafiya kusa da nesa don girmama matar da ta ceci rayukansu shekaru da yawa da suka gabata.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Homepage |url=http://www.virginiamemory.com/blogs/out_of_the_box/tag/robertson-hospital-reunion-register/}}</ref> Ta kasance ba tare da aure ba a duk rayuwarta kuma ta kasance mai aiki na shekaru da yawa a cikin aikin sadaka. A ƙarshe, dukiyar iyalin Tompkins ta ƙare, kuma ta tafi zama a Gidan Mata na Confederate a matsayin baƙo mai daraja a cikin 1905.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Captain Sally Tompkins |url=http://mason.gmu.edu/%7Ermaggian/hist697/finalproject/biography.html |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040706014741/http://mason.gmu.edu/%7Ermaggian/hist697/finalproject/biography.html |archive-date=July 6, 2004 |access-date=March 25, 2018}}</ref> == Mutuwa, gado == [[Fayil:Christ_Church_near_Mathews.jpg|right|thumb|250x250px|Ikilisiyar Kristi (tsarin 1905) tare da makabarta]] Bayan mutuwarta a 1916, an binne Sally Tompkins tare da cikakken girmamawa na soja a Ikilisiyar Kristi a Mathews County . Ta shiga cikin mata kamar Clara Barton wadanda suka amsa bukatun gaggawa da aka gabatar a lokacin yakin basasa, musamman bayan yakin Bull Run na farko lokacin da gaskiyar yaƙi ta zama babbar matsala a duka manyan biranen Union da Confederate. Sun taimaka wajen bunkasa aikin [[Ungozoma|jinya]] a cikin ƙwarewar sana'a da za ta zama. Sally Tompkins ta ba da rahoton damuwa da tsabta ya haifar da ci gaba a cikin tsabta yayin magani. An tabbatar da ƙananan mutuwar da ta samu a sakamakon haka suna da ban sha'awa sosai a cikin abubuwan da ta gada da yawa ga Amurka da masu ba da magani a ko'ina, ayyukan har yanzu ana amfani da su sosai. Yawancin [[Confederate monuments and memorials|abubuwan tunawa]] suna tunawa da Kyaftin Sally da Asibitin Robertson. A cikin 1910, Sally ta bayyana alama a shafin inda asibitin Robertson ya taɓa tsayawa. A yau, alamar har yanzu tana tsaye, amma ginin asibitin na asali bai tsira ba. Shafin a yau mai cin abinci ne na awa 24.<ref>{{Cite web |title=3rd Street Diner - Historical |url=http://3rd-street-diner.com/third-street-diner-history |access-date=2026-04-06 |archive-date=2013-08-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130822043719/http://3rd-street-diner.com/third-street-diner-history |url-status=dead }}</ref> Har ila yau, akwai alamun tarihi na Virginia da yawa a garinsu, waɗanda aka sadaukar da su ga rayuwarta. [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] ==manazarta== c7df9j6lvn5c9br2qqlcfv5groftgod 0 147783 829919 819503 2026-05-05T06:29:54Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829919 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Shukria Barakzai''' ( Pashto ) ƴar siyasa ce ta Afghanistan, ƴar jarida kuma musulma mai rajin kare haƙƙin mata . Ita ce jakadiyar Afghanistan a Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=The Ambassador H.E. Ambassador Shukria Barakzai |url=https://www.afghanistanembassy.no/charge-affaires-biography/ |access-date=27 May 2018 |publisher=Embassy of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, Oslo, Norway}}</ref> Ta sami kyautar Editan Duniya na Shekara . == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Barakzai a shekarar 1970 a [[Kabul]], Afghanistan. Barakzai ta je Jami'ar Kabul a shekarun 1990. Bayan ta kammala karatun digiri, sai da ta dakatar da karatunta saboda karuwar tashin hankali tsakanin gwamnati da Mujahideen . A watan Satumba na 1996, Taliban ta kwace Kabul. A lokacin, 'yan ƙasa da yawa, musamman masu matsakaicin ilimi, sun tafi gudun hijira . == Aikin jarida na kamfen == Bayan faduwar gwamnatin Taliban, Barakzai ta yi amfani da wannan damar kuma a shekarar 2002, Barakzai ta kafa ''[[Aina-E-Zan]]'' ( ''Madubin Mata'' ), wata jarida ta ƙasa da ke mako-mako. Ta yi kamfen kan batutuwa kamar mutuwar [[Mutuwar uwa|mata da]] jarirai, yankunan da Afghanistan ke da matuƙar wahala. ( [[Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya]] (WHO) ta ƙiyasta cewa Afghanistan a shekarar 2003 tana da mafi yawan mata da ke mutuwa a lokacin haihuwa a duniya ( Ratio na Mutuwar Mata ) a 1900 a cikin 100,000 na haihuwa. ) Barakzai ta ce, " Auren yara, [[auren dole]], da [[cin zarafin mata]] har yanzu al'ada ce da aka saba da ita kuma an yarda da ita." Ta mayar da hankali kan manyan batutuwa, tana cewa, "a ganina, burka ba shi da mahimmanci. Abin da ke da mahimmanci shine ilimi, dimokuradiyya da 'yanci." <ref name="womensenews.org" /> Ta jaddada haɗin kai tsakanin mata da kuma rawar da maza za su taka. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ebadi |first=Shirin |last2=Barakzai |first2=Shukria |last3=Bobanazarova |first3=Oynihol |date=December 29, 2005 |title=Women & Power in Central Asia (Part 4): Roundtable On The Tajik, Afghan, and Iranian Experiences |url=https://www.rferl.org/a/1064215.html |access-date=1 June 2018 |website=RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty}}</ref> Barakzai ya danganta fasahar zamani kamar wayoyin hannu, waɗanda aka haramta a ƙarƙashin gwamnatin Taliban, da taimakawa matasan Afghanistan su haɗa kai da duniyar zamani. Misali, amfani da saƙonnin tes don zaɓen wanda zai shiga gasar nuna hazaka ta talabijin ya nuna yadda zaɓen dimokuraɗiyya zai iya aiki. Ta kuma yi amfani da matsayinta don nuna rashin ' [[Hakkin samun 'yan jarida kyauta|yancin 'yan jarida]] da kuma haɗarin da ke tattare da 'yan jarida. ( Reporters Without Borders ta sanya Afghanistan a matsayi na 156 cikin 173 a cikin jerin 'yancin 'yan jarida, kuma ta ce lamarin yana da matuƙar wahala ga mata da waɗanda ke aiki a larduna. <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.rsf.org/rubrique.php3?id_rubrique=796 |title=Reporters Without Borders ''World Report 2009: Afghanistan'' |access-date=2026-04-08 |archive-date=2020-03-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200313171955/https://rsf.org/index.php?id_rubrique=796 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ) == Komawa cikin siyasa == [[Fayil:Afghan_Parliamentarian_Shukria_Barakzai_and_Leader_Pelosi.jpg|thumb|Shukria Barakzai tana halartar karin kumallo tare da 'yan Majalisar Dokokin Amurka da 'yan Majalisar Dokokin Afghanistan a Ofishin Jakadancin Amurka da ke Kabul, [[Afghanistan]] .]] An naɗa Barakzai a matsayin memba na ƙungiyar Loya Jirga ta 2003, ƙungiyar wakilai daga ko'ina cikin Afghanistan da aka naɗa don tattaunawa da zartar da sabon kundin tsarin mulki bayan faduwar Taliban. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mojumdar |first=Aunohita |date=9 October 2005 |title=New Face of Afghan Politics |url=http://www.boloji.com/wfs4/wfs464.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100328143717/http://www.boloji.com/wfs4/wfs464.htm |archive-date=28 March 2010 |access-date=1 June 2018 |website=Boloji}}</ref> A zaɓen Oktoba 2005, an zaɓe ta a matsayin 'yar Majalisar Jama'a ko ''Wolesi Jirga'', ƙaramin majalisar dokokin ƙasar Afghanistan . Tana ɗaya daga cikin mata 71 cikin 'yan majalisa 249. Tana ɗaya daga cikin 'yan majalisar mata kaɗan da ke kare [[Haƙƙoƙin Mata|haƙƙin mata]], kuma tana fuskantar barazanar kisa saboda ra'ayoyinta. Sukar da take yi wa majalisar tana da yawa: "Majalisar mu tarin sarakuna ne. Masu yaƙi, masu shan muggan kwayoyi, masu aikata laifuka." Ta kare Malalai Joya, wata 'yar majalisar mace wadda ta yi Allah wadai da yaƙin basasa, wadda ta fuskanci cin zarafi da barazanar tashin hankali a majalisar: "Ina tsammanin ni kaɗai ce wadda na sanar da cewa wasu 'yan majalisar suna barazanar yi mata fyade. [...] Shi ya sa bayan haka, suka yi shiru." A watan Nuwamban 2014 ta ji rauni a wani harin kunar bakin wake da aka kai kan ayarin motocinta da take tafiya a Kabul. Harin ya kashe mutane uku tare da raunata 17. <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 November 2014 |title=Afghan woman MP survives car attack |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-30073189 |access-date=16 November 2014 |publisher=BBC News}}</ref> Bayan faduwar Kabul a shekarar 2021 ta gudu daga Afghanistan. == Ra'ayoyi == Yayin da take nuna godiya ga "goyon bayan al'ummar duniya" wajen ƙirƙirar yanayi nan da shekarar 2004 wanda ɗaruruwan wallafe-wallafe da gidajen rediyo da dama za su iya bunƙasa, Barakzai ta yi Allah wadai da "goyon bayan ƙungiyoyi masu makamai da masu aikata laifuka, muhimmin ɓangare na manufofin Amurka". Duk da cewa yawancin rayuwarta ta shafe a Kabul, ta yarda cewa babban birnin ba ya wakiltar ƙasar da gaske, kuma ta ƙi ɗora wa Taliban laifi kan duk wahalhalun da 'yan Afghanistan ke fuskanta: "Lokacin da muke magana game da Afghanistan, ya kamata mu tattauna yanayi a duk faɗin ƙasar. A larduna da ƙauyuka da yawa, waɗanda ke cikin mummunan yanayi, babu bambanci tsakanin lokacin da ya gabaci gwamnatin Taliban, lokacin Taliban, da yanzu." Ta yi adawa da shirin gina sojoji na shugaban Amurka [[Barack Obama]], tana neman "malamai ko injiniyoyi 30,000" maimakon haka sojoji da yawa. Ta yi niyyar tsayawa takarar Shugaban Afghanistan a 2014, domin a lokacin za ta wuce shekaru 40, kamar yadda kundin tsarin mulki ya buƙata, amma ba ta tsaya takara ba. == Ganewa == World Press Review (Worldpress.org) ta nada Barakzai a matsayin Editan Shekara na Duniya a shekarar 2004. <ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=International Editor of the Year Award |url=http://www.worldpress.org/award2004.cfm#down |access-date=2016-09-26 |publisher=Worldpress.org}}</ref> A watan Disamba na 2005, an nada ta a matsayin Mace ta Shekara ta shirin BBC Radio 4 ''na Mata'' . == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == {{Commons category-inline}} * [http://www.worldpress.org/award2004.cfm Jerin albarkatun manema labarai na duniya: jawabai, hotuna, hira] * [https://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/womanshour/2005_51_mon_03.shtml Hira da Barakzai] daga Jenni Murray a kan ''Sa'ar Mata'' * [http://www.aawsat.com/english/news.asp?section=3&id=17862 hira] a cikin ''[[Asharq Al-Awsat]]'' * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120614184632/http://www.yazdanparast.info/ Qadria Yazdanparast, tsohuwar 'yar majalisar dokokin Afghanistan] * [http://www.digital-development-debates.org/issues/09-prejudice/people/interview-i-try-to-break-the-taboos/ Barakzai kan karya haramtattun abubuwa - Hira a Muhawarar Ci Gaban Dijital] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121128061943/http://www.digital-development-debates.org/issues/09-prejudice/people/interview-i-try-to-break-the-taboos |date=2012-11-28 }} {{Feminism}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1972]] hykno5576pgti80p4z87lgwupam8l3a 0 148106 829642 821276 2026-05-04T19:03:02Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 3 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829642 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sally Ride Science a UC San Diego''' ƙungiya ce mai zaman kanta ta ilimin kimiyya wadda Jami'ar California, San Diego ke gudanarwa, wacce ke mai da hankali kan ilimin kimiyya, fasaha, injiniyanci, da lissafi (STEM) tsakanin ɗaliban K-12 da masu ilimi. An kafa ƙungiyar a shekara ta 2001 ta hannun ɗan sama jannatin [[Sally ride|Sally Ride]] da abokan aikinta Tam O'Shaughnessy, Karen Flammer, Terry McEntee, da Alann Lopes. An sake ƙaddamar da Sally Ride Science a matsayin wata ƙungiya mai zaman kanta a UC San Diego a ranar 1 ga Oktoba, 2015. == Tarihi == An kafa Sally Ride Science a shekara ta 2001 a matsayin kamfani ta hanyar ɗan sama jannatin Sally Ride, tare da Tam O'Shaughnessy, Karen Flammer, Terry McEntee, da Alann Lopes, da nufin ƙara sha'awa da shiga cikin fannonin STEM tsakanin matasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-06-17 |title=Sally Ride Kept Her Love Story Private. Her Partner Shares the Truth in a New Documentary |url=https://www.biography.com/scientists/sally-ride |access-date=2026-02-09 |website=Biography |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name="aboutus-company">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Sally Ride Science—About |url=https://www.sallyridescience.com/about/ |access-date=11 July 2016 |website= |publisher= }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref name="change-the-equation">{{Cite web |title=Change the Equation |url=http://changetheequation.org/commitment-to-excellence/sally-ride-science-inc |access-date=3 February 2015 |archive-date=19 November 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141119122212/http://changetheequation.org/commitment-to-excellence/sally-ride-science-inc |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref name="temporal-dynamics">{{Cite web |title=Sally Ride Science officially joins TDLC as a corporate partner. |url=http://tdlc.ucsd.edu/about/about-sally-ride-science.html |access-date=3 February 2015 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Ƙungiyar ta samo asali ne daga shirye-shiryen ilimin kimiyya na farko na Ride a shekarun 1990, lokacin da ta yi bincike kan abubuwan da ke taimakawa wajen rage shiga cikin fannonin STEM. Ta fara tsara shirye-shiryen wayar da kan jama'a game da ilimi da ƙirƙirar kayan ilimi da nufin ƙara sha'awar ɗalibai. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-03-28 |title=Sally Ride: Entrepreneur for Space, Science, and Inclusion |url=https://airandspace.si.edu/stories/editorial/sally-ride-entrepreneur-space-science-and-inclusion |access-date=2026-03-02 |website=airandspace.si.edu |language=en}}</ref> An sake ƙaddamar da Sally Ride Science a matsayin wani shiri na agaji a Jami'ar California, San Diego a ranar 1 ga Oktoba, 2015. <ref name="kpbs-srs">{{Cite web |last=Bowler |first=Matthew |date=26 October 2015 |title=Sally Ride Science becomes part of UC San Diego |url=http://www.kpbs.org/news/2015/oct/26/sally-ride-science-becomes-part-uc-san-diego/ |access-date=11 November 2015 |website=[[KPBS Public Media|KPBS]]}}</ref> Tana da hedikwata a UC San Diego Extension, kuma shirye-shiryenta suna ƙarƙashin haɗin gwiwa ta UC San Diego Extension, [[Scripps Institution of Oceanography]], da [[San Diego Supercomputer Center]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Piercey |first=Judy |last2=Davies |first2=Jennifer |title=Sally Ride Science launches at UC San Diego |url=http://ucsdnews.ucsd.edu/feature/sally_ride_science_launches_at_uc_san_diego |access-date=11 November 2015 |website=UCSD News}}</ref> A halin yanzu Tam O'Shaughnessy tana aiki a matsayin babban darektan kuma Karen Flammer ita ce darektan ilimi. == Shirye-shirye == Sally Ride Science a UC San Diego ta mayar da hankali kan haɓaka ƙwarewa ga malamai; ilimin K-12 STEM + Arts (STEAM), gami da darussa, laccoci, da sansanonin ilimi; da shirye-shiryen kan layi ta hanyar UCTV. <ref name="kpbs-srs"/> Manufar ita ce taimaka wa masu ilimi su gina ilimin STEM na ɗalibai da kuma yin alaƙa tsakanin abin da ɗalibai ke koya da kuma fannonin STEM waɗanda ake sa ran za su sami ci gaban aiki cikin sauri a cikin shekaru masu zuwa. Ƙungiyar agaji za ta ƙirƙiri sabbin shirye-shirye kuma ta yi amfani da shirye-shiryen Sally Ride Science da ke akwai. Shirye-shiryen da ke akwai sun haɗa da ''Cool Careers a STEM'', wanda ke ba da ci gaban ƙwararru ga malamai da albarkatun aji (littattafan ɗalibai, jagororin malamai, da Jagorar Ayyukan Malamai na Haɗin Kai na STEM) don tayar da sha'awar ɗalibai game da batutuwa da ayyukan STEM. Bincike ya nuna cewa koyo game da ayyukan STEM da kuma mutane daban-daban da ke aiki a waɗannan fannoni yana ƙarfafa ɗalibai kuma yana sa nazarin kimiyya, fasaha, injiniyanci, da lissafi ya fi ma'ana a gare su. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Practice Guides: Encouraging Girls in Math and Science |url=http://ies.ed.gov/ncer/pubs/practiceguides/20072003.asp |access-date=10 July 2016 |website=National Center for Education Research }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Wani babban shiri da ake da shi yanzu shine ''Mahimman Ka'idoji a Kimiyya'' . Wannan shirin da aka haɗa bisa ƙa'idodi yana ba da ci gaban ƙwararru ga masu ilimi kan yadda ake koyar da kimiyya ta amfani da tsarin koyarwa na 5E, tare da albarkatun aji (littattafan ɗalibai, bincike na hannu, jagororin malamai, da kimantawa) waɗanda masu ilimi za su iya amfani da su don gina ilimin STEM na ɗalibai da shirye-shiryen kwaleji da aiki. Shirin yana nuna bincike da ke nuna cewa koyar da ƙananan ra'ayoyin kimiyya a zurfafa yana ba wa ɗalibai tushe mai ƙarfi don haɓaka ilimin STEM. <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Next Generation Science Standards |url=http://www.nextgenscience.org/next-generation-science-standards |access-date=11 November 2015 |website=[[Next Generation Science Standards]]}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Kafin UC San Diego ta sayi Sally Ride Science, ta aiwatar da shirye-shiryen ilimi iri-iri da suka shafi STEM. <ref name="SRS">{{Cite web |title=Homepage |url=https://sallyridescience.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151111130712/https://sallyridescience.com/ |archive-date=11 November 2015 |access-date=11 November 2015 |website=Sally Ride Science}}</ref> == Manazarta == d70udmgw3zc30mexhflq8bdlaok39al 0 148294 829932 822719 2026-05-05T07:14:59Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829932 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Siluck Saysanasy''' (an haife shi a ranar 30 ga Janairu, 1974) [[Ɗan wasa|ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na talabijin]] na [[Laos|Laotian]] - [[Canadians|Kanada]]. An fi sanin Saysanasy da yin wasan Yick Yu, wani jarumi a cikin jerin ''Degrassi'' . Ya yi makarantar sakandare a Vaughan Road Academy da ke [[Toronto]], Ontario, a cikin shirin Interact. Ɗaya daga cikin manyan abokansa na gaske shine Pat Mastroianni, wanda ya taka rawar Joey Jeremiah a cikin ''Degrassi.''<ref>{{Cite web |last=<!--Not stated--> |date=15 January 2019 |title=Siluck SaySanasy |url=https://www.degrassitour.com/siluck-saysanasy |access-date=30 June 2020 |website=degrassitour.com |quote="[Saysanasy] is really good friends with Pat Mastroianni." |archive-date=17 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191017090040/https://www.degrassitour.com/siluck-saysanasy |url-status=dead }}</ref> Tun daga shekarar 2002, Saysanasy ta yi aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar darakta a shirye-shiryen kamar ''Degrassi: The Next Generation'', ''The Strain'', ''Designated Survivor'', da ''Shadowhunters.'' == Ɗaukar fim na 'yan wasan kwaikwayo == * ''Maganin Man Gyada'' (1985)... Connie * Jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin ''na Degrassi Junior High'' (1987) .... Yick Yu * Jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin ''na Degrassi High'' (1989) .... Yick Yu * ''Tattaunawar Degrassi'' (1992)... Da kansa * ''Makaranta ta Fita'' (1992) (TV) .... Yick Yu * ''Cagney &amp;amp; Lacey'' : Hukuncin Gaskiya (1996) (TV) .... Mutumin Isarwa * ''Degrassi: Tsarin Talabijin na Gaba'' (2001) .... Yick Yu == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1974]] mw8n10cc525r9rgrqg2jxnfe7i713hv 0 148556 829645 826283 2026-05-04T19:18:22Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829645 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Salome_Mulugeta_at_Mayor_Muriel_Bowser_Proclamation.jpg|right|thumb|Salome Mulugeta a Mayor Muriel Bowser Sanarwar]] '''Salome Mulugeta''' 'yar fim ce ta Habasha da Eritrea-Amurka, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo kuma ɗan jarida da ya yi karatu a Ingila. Ita ce mai ba da lambar yabo ta Society of Ethiopians da aka kafa a Diaspora (SEED) a shekara ta 2024, mai karɓar lambar yabo ta Ambassador 2019 da kuma mai ba da sanarwar girmamawa ga Mayor Muriel Bowser . Salome an fi saninta da fim dinta na farko, Woven, wanda Ryan Spahn ya rubuta, da kuma lashe kyautar Audience Narrative Award for Film Directed by Women of Color a bikin fina-finai na Afirka a New York. Mulugeta da Nagwa Ibrahim sun jagoranci Woven wanda aka fara a bikin fina-finai na Los Angeles.<ref name="Nawar">Essraa Nawar, [https://www.huffingtonpost.com/essraa-nawar/why-i-fell-in-love-with-w_b_8892890.html Why I Fell In Love With Woven?], ''[[Huffington Post]]'', 1 January 2016.</ref> == Tarihi == An haifi Salome Mulugeta a [[Addis Ababa]], Habasha . Ta halarci Makarantar 'yan mata ta Clarendon a [[Bedfordshire, England,|Bedfordshire, Ingila,]] kafin ta yi karatun watsa shirye-shirye da aikin jarida a Jami'ar Nazarene ta MidAmerica, jami'ar Kirista mai zaman kanta a [[Kansas|Olathe, Kansas]] .<ref>Art Shrian Tiwari, [http://www.mynewyorkeye.com/film-news/artist-of-the-month-salome-mulugeta Artist of the Month: Salome Mulugeta]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, myNewYorkeye, September 4, 2016.</ref> Salome ta yi aiki a gidan talabijin na gida a Kansas kafin ta koma [[Los Angeles]], inda ta rubuta ''Woven'' tare da ɗan wasan kwaikwayo Ryan Spahn . Bayan saduwa da Nagwa Ibrahim, ma'aurata sun ba da umarni kuma sun samar da ''Woven'' tare. Fim din, wanda Mulugeta ya fito, ya fara fitowa a New York a bikin fina-finai na Afirka na 2017 a New York, kuma ya nuna farkon duniya a Bikin Fim na Los Angeles na 2016. <ref name="Sandoval" /><ref name=Sandoval>Lapacazo Sandoval, [https://lasentinel.net/a-year-after-the-los-angeles-film-festival-an-ethiopian-filmmakers-career-soars.html A year after the Los Angeles Film Festival, An Ethiopian filmmaker’s career soars: A Year with Salome Mulugeta], ''[[Los Angeles Sentinel]]'', June 1, 2017.</ref> == Hotunan fina-finai == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] j6u2geh68bgs94thq0f0otppizw8nqe 0 148792 829618 828249 2026-05-04T15:17:06Z M Bash Ne 12403 /* Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi */ 829618 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Oleka Kelechi Udeala''' farfesa ne dan Najeriya a fannin magani kuma ma'aikacin jami'a. Ya kasance Mataimakin Shugaban [[Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka]] <ref name="Pharmanewsonline 2016">{{Cite web |date=2016-06-01 |title=Prof. Udeala |url=https://pharmanewsonline.com/my-battles-as-unns-unwilling-vice-chancellor-prof-udeala/ |access-date=2023-06-02 |website=Pharmanewsonline}}</ref> kuma shugaban farko na fannin Kimiyya a [[Jami'ar port harcourt|Jami'ar Port Harcourt]]. == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == Udeala shi ne ƙarami a cikin ƴaƴa biyar kuma ya girma a cikin iyali mai girma. Babban ɗan'uwansa ne ya biya masa karatunsa saboda ya kasa lashe kyautar tallafin karatu daal'umma ke samun damar amfana da. Ya kammala karatunsa na sakandare tare da Takardar shaidar kammala Makarantar Kwalejin Cambridge a shekarar 1960 kuma ya fara aiki a matsayin malamin kimiyya a makarantarsa, sannan ya halarci Kwalejin Magunguna ta Brooklyn a Jami'ar Long Island da ke New York a kan Shirin Nazarin Afirka ta Jami'o'in Amurka, ya koma Najeriya bayan kammala karatunsa a shekarar 1966.<ref name="interview">{{Cite news |last=Folorunsho-Francis |first=Adebayo |date=2016-06-01 |title=My battles as UNN's unwilling vice chancellor - Prof. Udeala |url=http://www.pharmanewsonline.com/my-battles-as-unns-unwilling-vice-chancellor-prof-udeala/ |access-date=2017-12-19 |work=Pharmanews online}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Udeala ya yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka daga shekarar 1992 zuwa shekara ta 1995,<ref name="retires">{{Cite news |date=2016-05-06 |title=Prof. Udeala Retires from Active Service |url=http://pharmatimes.com.ng/prof-udeala-retires-active-service/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171222051302/http://pharmatimes.com.ng/prof-udeala-retires-active-service/ |archive-date=2017-12-22 |access-date=2017-12-19 |work=PharmaTimes}}</ref> tsohon jami'ar na farko da ya yi aiki. An san shi da "Mataimakin Shugaban ƙasa mara son rai", an cire shi a ƙarƙashin gwamnatin soja ƙarƙashin jagorancin [[Sani Abacha]], lokacin da aka naɗa [[Umaru Gomwalk]] a matsayin babban mai gudanarwa na jami'ar. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Digitcontrol |date=2017-03-05 |title=Ginigeme Mbanefoh and the 'demons' at UNN |url=https://www.businessdayonline.com/ginigeme-mbanefoh-demons-unn/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171222055900/https://www.businessdayonline.com/ginigeme-mbanefoh-demons-unn/ |archive-date=2017-12-22 |access-date=2017-12-21 |website=Businessday}}</ref> An naɗa shi har zuwa shekara ta 1999; a shekara ta 2001 ya nemi diyya da kuma sanarwar cewa ya kasance Mataimakin Shugaban ƙasa na ''[[de jure]]'' na sauran wa'adinsa.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ogbu |first1=Ahamefula |last2=Uneze |first2=Amby |date=2001-04-26 |title=Nigeria: Sacked UNN VC Wants Oputa to Declare Him VC for Period of His Tenure |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200104260383.html |accessdate=2017-12-21 |website=This Day |via=AllAfrica.com}}</ref> A shekara ta 2004, ya kafa Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences a Jami'ar Port Harcourt, inda ya yi aiki har sai da ya yi ritaya a cikin shekara ta 2016. == Daraja == Daga cikin girmamawar Udeala shine Kyautar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Ƙasa a cikin shekarar 1990. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] l1d11fpt5w2op2gssoxkntujwcwdk5a 829619 829618 2026-05-04T15:19:13Z M Bash Ne 12403 829619 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Oleka Kelechi Udeala''' farfesa ne dan Najeriya a fannin magani kuma ma'aikacin jami'a. Ya kasance Mataimakin Shugaban [[Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka]] <ref name="Pharmanewsonline 2016">{{Cite web |date=2016-06-01 |title=Prof. Udeala |url=https://pharmanewsonline.com/my-battles-as-unns-unwilling-vice-chancellor-prof-udeala/ |access-date=2023-06-02 |website=Pharmanewsonline}}</ref> kuma shugaban farko na fannin Kimiyya a [[Jami'ar port harcourt|Jami'ar Port Harcourt]]. == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == Udeala shi ne ƙarami a cikin ƴaƴa biyar kuma ya girma a cikin iyali mai girma. Babban ɗan'uwansa ne ya biya masa karatunsa saboda ya kasa lashe kyautar tallafin karatu daal'umma ke samun damar amfana da. Ya kammala karatunsa na sakandare tare da Takardar shaidar kammala Makarantar Kwalejin Cambridge a shekarar 1960 kuma ya fara aiki a matsayin malamin kimiyya a makarantarsa, sannan ya halarci Kwalejin Magunguna ta Brooklyn a Jami'ar Long Island da ke New York a kan Shirin Nazarin [[Afirka]] ta Jami'o'in Amurka, ya koma Najeriya bayan kammala karatunsa a shekarar 1966.<ref name="interview">{{Cite news |last=Folorunsho-Francis |first=Adebayo |date=2016-06-01 |title=My battles as UNN's unwilling vice chancellor - Prof. Udeala |url=http://www.pharmanewsonline.com/my-battles-as-unns-unwilling-vice-chancellor-prof-udeala/ |access-date=2017-12-19 |work=Pharmanews online}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Udeala ya yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka daga shekarar 1992 zuwa shekara ta 1995,<ref name="retires">{{Cite news |date=2016-05-06 |title=Prof. Udeala Retires from Active Service |url=http://pharmatimes.com.ng/prof-udeala-retires-active-service/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171222051302/http://pharmatimes.com.ng/prof-udeala-retires-active-service/ |archive-date=2017-12-22 |access-date=2017-12-19 |work=PharmaTimes}}</ref> tsohon jami'ar na farko da ya yi aiki. An san shi da "Mataimakin Shugaban ƙasa mara son rai", an cire shi a ƙarƙashin gwamnatin soja ƙarƙashin jagorancin [[Sani Abacha]], lokacin da aka naɗa [[Umaru Gomwalk]] a matsayin babban mai gudanarwa na jami'ar. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Digitcontrol |date=2017-03-05 |title=Ginigeme Mbanefoh and the 'demons' at UNN |url=https://www.businessdayonline.com/ginigeme-mbanefoh-demons-unn/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171222055900/https://www.businessdayonline.com/ginigeme-mbanefoh-demons-unn/ |archive-date=2017-12-22 |access-date=2017-12-21 |website=Businessday}}</ref> An naɗa shi har zuwa shekara ta 1999; a shekara ta 2001 ya nemi diyya da kuma sanarwar cewa ya kasance Mataimakin Shugaban ƙasa na ''[[de jure]]'' na sauran wa'adinsa.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ogbu |first1=Ahamefula |last2=Uneze |first2=Amby |date=2001-04-26 |title=Nigeria: Sacked UNN VC Wants Oputa to Declare Him VC for Period of His Tenure |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200104260383.html |accessdate=2017-12-21 |website=This Day |via=AllAfrica.com}}</ref> A shekara ta 2004, ya kafa Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences a Jami'ar Port Harcourt, inda ya yi aiki har sai da ya yi ritaya a cikin shekara ta 2016. == Daraja == Daga cikin girmamawar Udeala shine Kyautar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Ƙasa a cikin shekarar 1990. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] oxak1i6cagv4erzoo4it7fjne1uef59 0 148913 829654 828991 2026-05-04T20:49:27Z Saad Nuhu 43323 /* Arminia Bielefeld */ 829654 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Stefan Ortega 3280w.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:ManCity20240722-051 (Ortega).jpg|thumb]] {{Infobox footballer biography | name = Stefan Ortega | image = Stefan Ortega 2023.jpg | full_name = Stefan Ortega Moreno | date_of_birth = {{Birth date and age|1992|11|6}} | place_of_birth = Hofgeismar, Germany | height = 1.85 m | position = Goalkeeper | currentclub = Manchester City | clubnumber = 18 | youthyears1 = 1998–2007 | youthclubs1 = TSV Jahn Calden | youthyears2 = 2007–2011 | youthclubs2 = Arminia Bielefeld | years1 = 2011–2014 | clubs1 = Arminia Bielefeld II | caps1 = 33 | goals1 = 0 | years2 = 2011–2017 | clubs2 = Arminia Bielefeld | caps2 = 75 | goals2 = 0 | years3 = 2014–2015 | clubs3 = → TSV 1860 Munich (loan) | caps3 = 25 | goals3 = 0 | years4 = 2017–2022 | clubs4 = Arminia Bielefeld | caps4 = 154 | goals4 = 0 | years5 = 2022– | clubs5 = Manchester City | caps5 = 20 | goals5 = 0 }} '''Stefan Ortega Moreno''' (an haife shi ranar 6 ga Nuwamba, 1992) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Jamus wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida ga ƙungiyar Manchester City a gasar [[Premier League]]. An san shi da ƙwarewa wajen tsaron ƙwallaye, saurin amsawa, da kuma iya fara kai hari daga baya (build-up play).<ref>Transfermarkt profile</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Stefan Ortega a garin , [[Jamus]]. Ya fara harkar ƙwallon ƙafa tun yana ƙarami a kulob ɗin TSV Jahn Calden kafin ya koma makarantar horar da matasa ta Arminia Bielefeld, inda ya fara haɓaka kwarewarsa a matsayin mai tsaron gida.<ref>DFB youth development records</ref> == Aikin kulob == === Arminia Bielefeld === Ortega ya fara taka leda a matakin manya tare da Arminia Bielefeld II kafin daga baya ya shiga babbar ƙungiyar. A lokacin da yake can, ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen taimakawa ƙungiyar ta samu nasarori da kuma samun matsayi mai kyau a lig. Ya zama ɗaya daga cikin fitattun masu tsaron gida a [[Bundesliga]] 2.<ref>Bundesliga statistics</ref> === Lamuni zuwa TSV 1860 Munich === A kakar 2014–2015, an ba shi aron wasa zuwa TSV 1860 Munich, inda ya samu damar buga wasanni akai-akai. Wannan ya taimaka masa wajen ƙara ƙwarewa da gogewa a matakin ƙwararru.<ref>1860 Munich match records</ref> === Komawa Arminia Bielefeld === Bayan dawowarsa, Ortega ya zama babban mai tsaron gida na Arminia Bielefeld. Ya taimaka wajen daga darajar ƙungiyar zuwa Bundesliga kuma ya nuna ƙwarewa sosai a matakin farko na ƙwallon ƙafa a Jamus.<ref>Bundesliga performance data</ref> === Manchester City === A shekarar 2022, Ortega ya koma Manchester City kyauta. A ƙarƙashin kocin [[Pep Guardiola]], ya zama madadin babban mai tsaron gida amma yana taka muhimmiyar rawa musamman a wasannin kofuna. Ya nuna ƙwarewa sosai duk lokacin da aka ba shi dama, ciki har da manyan wasanni.<ref>Manchester City official website</ref> == Salon wasa == Ortega yana da salon wasa na zamani wanda ya haɗa da iya tsaron ƙwallaye masu wahala, amfani da ƙafa wajen fara kai hari, da kuma nutsuwa a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba. Wannan ya sa ya dace da tsarin wasan ƙungiyoyi masu son mallakar ƙwallo kamar [[Manchester City F.C.|Manchester City]].<ref>Football analysis reports</ref> == Nasarori == ;[[Manchester City F.C.|Manchester City]] * Premier League: 2022–23 * FA Cup: 2022–23 * [[UEFA Champions League]]: 2022–23<ref>UEFA records</ref> == Manazarta == <references/> lv7n2roxc05gqjs54ddee3a2g79wikn 829655 829654 2026-05-04T20:50:59Z Saad Nuhu 43323 829655 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Stefan Ortega 3280w.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:ManCity20240722-051 (Ortega).jpg|thumb]] {{Infobox footballer biography | name = Stefan Ortega | image = Stefan Ortega 2023.jpg | full_name = Stefan Ortega Moreno | date_of_birth = {{Birth date and age|1992|11|6}} | place_of_birth = Hofgeismar, Germany | height = 1.85 m | position = Goalkeeper | currentclub = Manchester City | clubnumber = 18 | youthyears1 = 1998–2007 | youthclubs1 = TSV Jahn Calden | youthyears2 = 2007–2011 | youthclubs2 = Arminia Bielefeld | years1 = 2011–2014 | clubs1 = Arminia Bielefeld II | caps1 = 33 | goals1 = 0 | years2 = 2011–2017 | clubs2 = Arminia Bielefeld | caps2 = 75 | goals2 = 0 | years3 = 2014–2015 | clubs3 = → TSV 1860 Munich (loan) | caps3 = 25 | goals3 = 0 | years4 = 2017–2022 | clubs4 = Arminia Bielefeld | caps4 = 154 | goals4 = 0 | years5 = 2022– | clubs5 = Manchester City | caps5 = 20 | goals5 = 0 }} '''Stefan Ortega Moreno''' (an haife shi ranar 6 ga Nuwamba, 1992) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar [[Jamus]] wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida ga ƙungiyar Manchester City a gasar [[Premier League]]. An san shi da ƙwarewa wajen tsaron ƙwallaye, saurin amsawa, da kuma iya fara kai hari daga baya (build-up play).<ref>Transfermarkt profile</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Stefan Ortega a garin , [[Jamus]]. Ya fara harkar ƙwallon ƙafa tun yana ƙarami a kulob ɗin TSV Jahn Calden kafin ya koma makarantar horar da matasa ta Arminia Bielefeld, inda ya fara haɓaka kwarewarsa a matsayin mai tsaron gida.<ref>DFB youth development records</ref> == Aikin kulob == === Arminia Bielefeld === Ortega ya fara taka leda a matakin manya tare da Arminia Bielefeld II kafin daga baya ya shiga babbar ƙungiyar. A lokacin da yake can, ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen taimakawa ƙungiyar ta samu nasarori da kuma samun matsayi mai kyau a lig. Ya zama ɗaya daga cikin fitattun masu tsaron gida a [[Bundesliga]] 2.<ref>Bundesliga statistics</ref> === Lamuni zuwa TSV 1860 Munich === A kakar 2014–2015, an ba shi aron wasa zuwa TSV 1860 Munich, inda ya samu damar buga wasanni akai-akai. Wannan ya taimaka masa wajen ƙara ƙwarewa da gogewa a matakin ƙwararru.<ref>1860 Munich match records</ref> === Komawa Arminia Bielefeld === Bayan dawowarsa, Ortega ya zama babban mai tsaron gida na Arminia Bielefeld. Ya taimaka wajen daga darajar ƙungiyar zuwa Bundesliga kuma ya nuna ƙwarewa sosai a matakin farko na ƙwallon ƙafa a Jamus.<ref>Bundesliga performance data</ref> === Manchester City === A shekarar 2022, Ortega ya koma Manchester City kyauta. A ƙarƙashin kocin [[Pep Guardiola]], ya zama madadin babban mai tsaron gida amma yana taka muhimmiyar rawa musamman a wasannin kofuna. Ya nuna ƙwarewa sosai duk lokacin da aka ba shi dama, ciki har da manyan wasanni.<ref>Manchester City official website</ref> == Salon wasa == Ortega yana da salon wasa na zamani wanda ya haɗa da iya tsaron ƙwallaye masu wahala, amfani da ƙafa wajen fara kai hari, da kuma nutsuwa a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba. Wannan ya sa ya dace da tsarin wasan ƙungiyoyi masu son mallakar ƙwallo kamar [[Manchester City F.C.|Manchester City]].<ref>Football analysis reports</ref> == Nasarori == ;[[Manchester City F.C.|Manchester City]] * Premier League: 2022–23 * FA Cup: 2022–23 * [[UEFA Champions League]]: 2022–23<ref>UEFA records</ref> == Manazarta == <references/> 2sfwtzq2sverwsylil2f3tvkuq48qfn 0 148972 829968 829150 2026-05-05T09:12:15Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829968 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sobiya''' ko '''Subia''' ( Arabic ) wani abin sha ne mai sanyi da aka saba sha a [[Misra|Masar]] da [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]], inda kowace ƙasa ke da nata nau'in. A Masar ana yin sa ne daga cakuda [[Attagara|kwakwa]], [[shinkafa]], da [[madara]], kuma yawanci ana yin sa da kankara. <ref name="cheznermine">{{Cite web |last=Mansour |first=Nermine |date=2024-05-29 |title=Sobia (Egyptian Coconut-Rice Cold Drink): سوبيا |url=https://cheznermine.com/2024/05/30/sobia-egyptian-coconut-rice-cold-drink-%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7/ |access-date=2025-03-13 |website=cheznermine.com |language=en-US |archive-date=2025-03-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250306212801/https://cheznermine.com/2024/05/30/sobia-egyptian-coconut-rice-cold-drink-%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Asalin sobia wani abin sha ne mai barasa da aka yi a Masar daga ruwan shinkafa mai tsami, ba tare da haɗa kwakwa ba, kuma wataƙila ya samo asali sama da shekaru 1,000. <ref name="cheznermine" /> Sigar Masar ta zamani, duk da haka, abin sha ne wanda ba na giya ba, wanda ba na yolk ba ne wanda ya haɗa da sinadarai kamar kwakwa, madara, da wani lokacin vanilla, waɗanda ba sa cikin girke-girke na asali. <ref name="cheznermine" /> Sobia yana ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan sha mafi shahara a [[Misra|Masar]], galibi ana shan su a lokacin watan Ramadan mai tsarki. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Egyptian Sobia |url=https://www.mccormick.com/recipes/beverages-cocktails/egyptian-sobia |access-date=2025-03-11 |website=McCormick |language=en}}</ref> Masu haji na Masar sun kawo abin sha zuwa yankin [[Hijaz]] na [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudi Arabia]] ƙarni da yawa da suka gabata.<ref>''There is little material on the history of Sobya in the Hijaz. It is assumed the drink came to this part of the Arab world in the last century.'' {{Cite web |last=Alamdan |first=Shahd |date=2015-06-19 |title=History of Sobya |url=https://www.saudigazette.com.sa/article/126973 |access-date=2025-03-14 |website=Saudi Gazette |language=en-US}}</ref> Saudi version abin sha ne mai yisti wanda aka shirya daga cakuda gari na alkama, malt, sukari, da kayan yaji.<ref name="196flavors">{{Cite web |last=Liagre |first=Laurie |date=2020-03-06 |title=Sobia |url=https://www.196flavors.com/egypt-sobia/?srsltid=AfmBOoqpi9Ot3OdPQhchroTYigp9rihuTJ1meeGl627411lYpuySvWqr |access-date=2025-03-11 |website=196 flavors |language=en-US}}</ref> == A Misira == A Misira, ana shirya sobia ta hanyar hada ƙasa ko shinkafa da aka dafa tare da madarar kwakwa, sukari, da vanilla, sannan a matsa cakuda kafin a ba da shi da sanyi sosai. Abin sha yawanci yana da launin fari, kodayake wasu bambance-bambance sun haɗa da launuka na abinci don samar da launuka masu haske. Duk da yake ana cinye sobia a ko'ina cikin shekara, ana shirya shi ne a lokacin Ramadan kuma ana ba da shi azaman abin sha mai sauri. Ana yawan yin sa a gida ta amfani da foda da aka riga aka gauraya ko sayar da shi ta hanyar masu sayar da titi a cikin kwalabe ko jaka na filastik. Ana raba girke-girke na gargajiya tsakanin iyalai, wanda ke haifar da ƙananan bambance-bambance a cikin tsarin shiri.<ref name="196flavors"/> Hanyar da ta fi dacewa ta haɗa da tsoma shinkafa mai gajeren hatsi na kimanin sa'o'i biyu, sannan tafasa shinkafa a cikin ruwa a kan ƙananan zafi har sai ruwa ya cika, wanda ya wuce shinkafa kuma ya ba da gudummawa ga ƙwayoyin creamier.<ref name="196flavors" /> Bayan shinkafa ta yi sanyi, ana ƙara madara mai sanyi, kwakwa, sukari, da vanilla. Ana haɗa cakuda har sai an santsi sannan a matsa shi don cimma daidaito da ake so.<ref name="196flavors" /> == Manazarta == 5tg1r58ct9g3uhukchytt0ot0u6zfb8 0 149044 829796 829345 2026-05-05T03:24:54Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829796 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Shebakiya''''' ( Arabic ) ko '''''chebakia''''', wanda kuma aka sani da '''''griwech''''' ko '''''griouech''''', wani biredi ne mai daɗi na Maghrebi da aka yi da guntun kullu da aka naɗe don ya yi kama da fure, an soya shi sosai har sai ya yi launin zinari, sannan a shafa shi da ruwan zuma da ruwan fure mai launin lemu sannan a yayyafa shi da [[Riɗi|sesame]] . <ref name="Benayoun 2016">{{Cite web |last=Benayoun |first=Mike |date=1 Jul 2016 |title=Griouech |url=https://www.196flavors.com/algeria-griouech/ |access-date=13 Nov 2022 |website=196 flavors}}</ref> <ref name="M-2018">{{Cite web |last=Mom |first=LDS's |date=3 Sep 2018 |title=Algerian Crunchy Sweets- Griwech |url=https://www.myexcellentdegustations.com/🇩🇿-algerian-crunchy-sweets-griwech/ |access-date=13 Nov 2022 |website=My Excellent Degustations}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=about.com |url=http://moroccanfood.about.com/od/dessertsandcookies/r/Chebakia.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170208121123/http://moroccanfood.about.com/od/dessertsandcookies/r/Chebakia.htm |archive-date=2017-02-08 |access-date=2014-04-24}}</ref> Yawanci ana cinye shi a lokacin Ramadan da bukukuwan addini. <ref name="Benayoun 2016" /> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Moroccan Sesame and Honey Cookies With Saffron, Cinnamon and Anise |url=https://www.thespruceeats.com/moroccan-sesame-cookies-with-honey-2394409 |access-date=2021-11-09 |website=The Spruce Eats |language=en |archive-date=2023-08-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230811100449/https://www.thespruceeats.com/moroccan-sesame-cookies-with-honey-2394409 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ''Chebakia'' ta fito ne daga al'adar kayan zaki na Ottoman . Ana yin ''Chebakia'' ta amfani da yisti da aka yi da kayan ƙanshi na anise, kirfa, da saffron. Ana yin kullu ne daga tsaban sesame da aka niƙa a gauraye da gari sannan a matse shi ta bututun yin burodi ko kuma a murɗe shi da hannu don samun siffar fure. <ref name=":0" /> Sannan a soya shi kamar donut. Ana yin kullu sau da yawa a cikin manyan rukuni a farkon Ramadan . <ref name=":0" /> Duk da cewa yana da daɗi kuma galibi ana haɗa shi da kofi da shayi, 'yan Maroko kuma suna cin ''chebakia'' tare da abinci mai yaji kamar ''[[Abincin Harira|harira]]'' . <ref name=":0" /> [[Fayil:Griwech_(ou_griouech,_ou_griwèche).jpg|thumb|Griouech]] [[Fayil:شباكية_ضخمة_في_مراكش.jpg|thumb|Babban ''shebakia'' a Marrakesh.]] Irin waɗannan kayan zaki sun haɗa da ''[[Cartellate|cartellates]]'' da ''fazuelos'', kodayake an gina na biyun daban, kuma sun fi siriri, ba su da yawa kuma daga yankuna daban-daban. == Sunaye da asali == === Asalin Ma'anar === Sunayen Chebbakia, da girmansa, siffarsa da ainihin sinadaransa na iya bambanta daga yanki zuwa yanki. A Aljeriya <ref name="Benayoun 2016"/> da kuma a [[Fas|Fez]], [[Moroko|Morocco]], an san shi da ''griwech'' ( Moroccan Arabic ko Algerian Arabic ). In [[Rabat]], as ''mkherqa'' ( {{Lang|ary|مخرقة}} ). A cikin [[Salé]], kamar yadda ''El-qli'' ( {{Lang|ary|القلي}} ). In Ouezzane as ''lahlou'' ( {{Lang|ary|الحلو}} ), kuma a wani yankin Morocco kamar ''kliwech'' ( {{Lang|ary|كليوش}} ). <ref name="gato">{{Cite web |date=12 June 2022 |title=الشباكية |url=https://patisseriegato.ma/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9 |access-date=2023-07-01}}</ref> === Tarihi === Asalin wannan biredi wataƙila ya samo asali ne daga Ottoman, saboda kamanninsa da biredi na Gabas kamar [[Baklava|baklawa]] a tsoffin yankunan Ottoman, da kuma meshbek a [[Siriya]] wanda aka fi sani da [[zalabiyeh]] . <ref name="arabicpost">{{Cite web |date=2023-03-16 |title=أصولها عثمانية ووصلت إلى المغرب عن طريق الجزائر.. "الشباكية"، أشهر الحلويات الرمضانية المغربية |trans-title=Its origin is Ottoman and it arrived to Morocco through Algeria |url=https://arabicpost.net/%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%81-%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%84/2023/03/16/%D8%AD%D9%84%D9%88%D9%89-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9/ |access-date=2023-07-01}}</ref> A ƙasar Aljeriya, ana kiranta da griwech kuma sananne ne a Oran, a cewar wasu, asalinta ya samo asali ne daga birnin Tiaret . [1] An ambaci Griwech a cikin kayan zaki da ake ci a al'adar Idi a lokacin Ottoman Algeria . [2] [3] Mutanen za su saka mafi kyawun tufafinsu da aka yi wa ado da zinare da azurfa, bayan sallar Idi, 'yan uwa za su ziyarci junansu, sannan a ba da kayan zaki, ciki har da griwech wanda za a ba da shi tare da kofi ko sherbet. [1] A ƙasar Maroko, wani labarin asalin al'umma ya yi iƙirarin cewa wani ɗan kasuwa mai sayar da kayan burodi mai tafiya a ƙasa ne ya ƙirƙiro chebbakia, wanda ya kamu da soyayya da wata kyakkyawar yarinya da yake gani kowace rana a tagarta, kuma ya yanke shawarar yin kayan burodi da aka yi da zuma a siffar tagarta ( Arabic , ''shubbak'' ), don ba ta kyauta. <ref name="arabicpost"/> == Duba kuma == * Jerin kayan burodi == Manazarta == d78gndhhb2mlr6epumnq9bu1qah4y7o 0 149101 829777 829525 2026-05-05T01:49:08Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 829777 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} A '''{{Lang|fr|mille-feuille}}''' ( ; lit. ' <span class="gloss-text">takardu dubu</span> <span class="gloss-quot">'</span> ), <ref group="note">The name is also written as {{Lang|fr|millefeuille}} and {{Lang|fr|mille feuille}}.</ref> wanda kuma aka sani da suna '''Napoleon''' a Arewacin Amurka da ƙasashen bayan Soviet, '''yanki na vanilla''' a Burtaniya, da kuma '''yanki na custard''', wani kayan zaki ne na Faransa da aka yi da puff pastry wanda aka yi da kirim mai tsami. Tsarinsa na zamani ya sami tasiri daga gyare-gyaren da Marie-Antoine Carême ta yi. A al'ada, mille-feuille an yi shi da yadudduka uku na puff pastry ( pâte feuilletée ), a juya shi da nau'i biyu na kirim ɗin kek ( crème pâtissière ). Ana gama saman kayan burodi ta hanyoyi daban-daban: wani lokacin ana shafa masa kirim mai tsami, ko kuma a shafa masa sukari mai tsami, koko, ɓawon burodi, ko kuma yankakken almond . Haka kuma ana iya shafa masa icing ko fondant shi kaɗai, ko kuma a yi masa launin fari (icing) da launin ruwan kasa (cakulan) ko wasu launuka masu launi, sannan a tsefe shi don ƙirƙirar tasirin marmara. [1] == Tarihi == A cewar ''Oxford Companion to Sugar and Sweets'', {{Lang|fr|mille-feuille}} Girke-girke daga littattafan girke-girke na Faransa da na Ingila na ƙarni na 17 sun kasance abubuwan da suka fi dacewa da yin kek . Ambaton sunan {{Lang|fr|mille-feuille}} na farko kanta ta bayyana a shekarar 1733 a cikin wani littafin girke-girke na Turanci wanda shugaban abinci na Faransa Vincent La Chapelle ya rubuta. Tarihin karni na 18 na {{Lang|fr|mille-feuille}} an ci da jam da marmalade maimakon kirim. A cikin Faransanci, ambaton farko na {{Lang|fr|mille-feuille}} ya bayyana kaɗan daga baya, a cikin 1749, a cikin littafin girki na Menon : <blockquote>Don yin {{Lang|fr|mille-feuille}} Kek, za ka ɗauki burodin puff, ka yi kek guda biyar daga ciki masu girman daidai, kuma kauri na tsabar kuɗi biyu, a na ƙarshe za ka yi rami a tsakiya a siffar giciyen Knight, gwargwadon girman za ka dogara da kanka a kan abincin da za ka yi amfani da shi don hidima, ka gasa su a cikin tanda. Idan aka gasa su kuma aka sanyaya su, ka jera su ɗaya a ɗayan, ɗaya da rami a saman, kuma ka tsoma jam tsakanin kowane kek, [jumla ba ta bayyana ba, wataƙila tana nufin rufe dukkan bangarorin da jam] kuma ka sanya su a kan kankara da farin icing don su yi kama da guda ɗaya; za ka iya ƙawata shi da ɗan jelly mai launin ja, fatar lemun tsami da pistachio, za ka yi musu hidima a kan faranti.</blockquote> [[File:Strawberry_Napoleon.jpg|alt=Homemade {{lang|fr|mille-feuille}}, using traditional techniques|thumb| {{lang|fr|mille-feuille}} na gida [[Category:Articles containing French-language text]] tare da sabbin strawberries]] Kalmar {{Lang|fr|'mille-feuille'}} ba a sake amfani da shi a cikin littattafan girke-girke na ƙarni na 18 ba. Duk da haka, a ƙarƙashin mulkin [[Napoleon|Napoleon Bonaparte]], da yawa daga cikin shahararrun shagunan yin burodi na Paris sun bayyana sun sayar da kek ɗin. A lokacin ƙarni na 19, duk girke-girke suna kwatanta kek ɗin a matsayin cike da jam, ban da girke-girke na 1876 na Urbain Dubois, inda ake yin hidima da kirim ɗin Bavarian . A cewar Alan Davidson a cikin ''Oxford Companion to Food'', ƙirƙirar siffar (amma ba ta biredi kanta ba) yawanci ana danganta ta da Szeged, [[Hungariya|Hungary]], inda aka yi wa {{Lang|fr|mille-feuille}} mai rufi da caramel. ana kiransa {{Lang|de|'Szegediner Torte'}} . == Tsarin aiki == A al'ada, {{Lang|fr|mille-feuille}} An yi shi da nau'i uku na puff pastry da kuma nau'i biyu na {{Lang|fr|[[custard|crème pâtissière]]}} . An shafa saman saman da sukari mai laushi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mille-feuille |url=http://cuisine.larousse.fr/recettes/detail/mille-feuille |access-date=2016-03-11 |publisher=Larousse Cuisine |archive-date=2015-10-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151008025040/http://cuisine.larousse.fr/recettes/detail/mille-feuille |url-status=dead }}</ref> A cikin bambance-bambancen da suka biyo baya, saman an yi masa fenti da icing, a cikin fararen (icing) da launin ruwan kasa (cakulan), sannan a tsefe. Sau da yawa ana yi masa ado da 'ya'yan itatuwa, galibi strawberry da rasberi. == Bambancin == [[Fayil:Slide-mille-feuille.jpg|thumb|A {{Lang|fr|mille-feuille}} kek da icing ɗin comb]] [[Fayil:Mille-feuille_01.jpg|thumb|A {{Lang|fr|mille-feuille}} irin kek (Japan)]] A cewar La Varenne, tun da farko an kira shi {{Lang|fr|gâteau de mille-feuilles}} ( lit. ' ), yana nufin layuka da yawa na kek. Ta amfani da kek ɗin puff na gargajiya, wanda aka yi da ninki shida na layuka uku, yana da layuka 729; tare da wasu girke-girke na zamani yana iya samun har zuwa 2,048. A Faransa, ana yin burodin da ake kira Napoleon da nau'i biyu na pâte feuilletée da aka haɗa cike da frangipane . === Argentina da Uruguay === ''Rogel'', wani sanannen kek, nau'in Argentina na {{Lang|fr|mille-feuille}} na Faransa, ya ƙunshi nau'ikan burodin puff daban-daban da aka yi da yadudduka na dulce de leche da kuma saman da aka yi da meringue. Ana ɗaukar Rogel a matsayin wani nau'in kek na gargajiya, kuma ana so a yi da kek ɗin aure. === Ostiraliya da New Zealand === A Ostiraliya, wani nau'in {{Lang|fr|mille-feuille}} shine the custard slice,   wanda aka fi sani da yanki na vanilla . Ana yin sa ne ta amfani da kirim mai gelatin -set {{Lang|fr|crème pâtissière}}, kuma a lokuta da yawa, icing ɗin passionfruit . "Yanka Vanilla na Faransa" yana nufin wani samfuri makamancin haka ba tare da icing ɗin fondant ba. A [[New Zealand]], ana kiransa da yanki daban-daban na custard, square na custard, yanki na vanilla, ko, tare da icing ɗin passion-fruit, yanki na passion-fruit. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''[[wikipedia:Ingancin tushen bayani|<span title="The material near this tag failed verification of its source citation(s). (October 2024)">tabbacin da ya gaza</span>]]'' &#x5D;</sup> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] ehdto0y2ltdn1i84z1shnw10938qwno 0 149122 829627 2026-05-04T16:34:37Z Ibrahim Sani Mustapha 15405 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1330413657|George Ekeh]]" 829627 wikitext text/x-wiki '''George Ekeh''' Listen ⓘ (an haife shi a ranar 10 ga Yuli 1980) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan Najeriya-Sweden wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba . == Sana'a == An haifi Ekeh a [[garin Festac]], jihar Legas, Najeriya. === Indiya === Ekeh ya zura kwallaye uku sau biyu ga Mohun Bagan, inda ya zura dukkan kwallayen da kungiyarsa ta zura a wasan da suka tashi 3-3 da JCT a shekarar 2002 da kuma nasarar da ta samu a kan zakaran kare kambun HAL a shekarar 2003. Duk da haka, a watan Satumba na shekarar 2003, ya yi korafin cewa Mohun Bagan bai biya shi kudin da suke bin sa ba, inda ya kai karar zuwa ga FIFA, wadda ta umarci Mariners su biya dan Najeriyar dala $6500 da ya kamata ya biya. A shekara ta 2007, ya buga wa Churchill Brothers a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba. === Finland === Ekeh ya jagoranci jadawalin kwallaye na Kakkonen na 2010 tare da Atlantis a watan Mayu na 2010, inda ya zira kwallaye tara. == Rayuwa ta sirri == Shi ɗan'uwan [[Emmanuel Ekeh|Emmanuel]] ne da Charles Ekeh Kingsley Ekeh . Shi kuma kawu ne ga Ekeh Manuchimso. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2022)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1980]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Webarchive template wayback links]] gfvrhxyhhepcusa7o2qreh3hg4npvga 829631 829627 2026-05-04T18:01:59Z Ibrahim Sani Mustapha 15405 829631 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''George Ekeh''' Listen ⓘ (an haife shi a ranar 10 ga Yuli 1980) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan Najeriya-Sweden wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba . == Sana'a == An haifi Ekeh a [[garin Festac]], jihar Legas, Najeriya. === Indiya === Ekeh ya zura kwallaye uku sau biyu ga Mohun Bagan, inda ya zura dukkan kwallayen da kungiyarsa ta zura a wasan da suka tashi 3-3 da JCT a shekarar 2002 da kuma nasarar da ta samu a kan zakaran kare kambun HAL a shekarar 2003. Duk da haka, a watan Satumba na shekarar 2003, ya yi korafin cewa Mohun Bagan bai biya shi kudin da suke bin sa ba, inda ya kai karar zuwa ga FIFA, wadda ta umarci Mariners su biya dan Najeriyar dala $6500 da ya kamata ya biya. A shekara ta 2007, ya buga wa Churchill Brothers a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba. === Finland === Ekeh ya jagoranci jadawalin kwallaye na Kakkonen na 2010 tare da Atlantis a watan Mayu na 2010, inda ya zira kwallaye tara. == Rayuwa ta sirri == Shi ɗan'uwan [[Emmanuel Ekeh|Emmanuel]] ne da Charles Ekeh Kingsley Ekeh . Shi kuma kawu ne ga Ekeh Manuchimso. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2022)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1980]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Webarchive template wayback links]] 8iofbx47jvejxms1vgk7aho9un7nr5d 0 149123 829656 2026-05-04T20:51:29Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1344123622|Sebastián Abreu]]" 829656 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Washington Sebastián Abreu Gallo''' An haife shi a ranar 17 ga Oktoba 1976), wanda aka yi wa lakabi da '''''El Loco''''' (Madman), manajan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Uruguay kuma tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba . Shi ne babban kocin ƙungiyar Tijuana ta Mexico. A tsawon shekaru 26 da ya yi yana aiki, Abreu ya wakilci ƙungiyoyi 32 a ƙasashe 11, inda ya lashe gasar lig tare da San Lorenzo da River Plate a Argentina, da kuma Nacional a Uruguay. <ref>{{Cite web |date=October 17, 2023 |title=La extensa trayectoria del 'Loco' Abreu |url=https://www.conmebol.com/noticias/la-extensa-trayectoria-del-loco-abreu/ |publisher=CONMEBOL}}</ref> A fagen wasanni na ƙasa da ƙasa, Abreu ya buga wasanni 70 ga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa. Ya wakilci Uruguay a [[Kofin kwallon kafa na FIFA na duniya|gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA]] a shekarun 2002 da 2010, sannan ya wakilci Copa America a shekarun 1997, 2007 da 2011, inda ya zama zakara a wasan ƙarshe. == Aikin kulob == === Farkon aikina === An haife shi a [[Minas , Uruguay|Minas]], Sashen Lavalleja, Abreu ya buga wasa a kungiyoyi da dama a faɗin [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]] (Uruguay, Argentina, Mexico da Brazil). Ya kuma yi wasa mara nasara tare da Deportivo de La Coruña ta Spain, wanda ya ba shi aro sau da yawa tsawon lokacin kwangilarsa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 April 2002 |title=Uruguayan set for Deportivo return |url=https://www.uefa.com/news-media/news/025e-0f906ce0cfa2-c36a2d82e917-1000--uruguayan-set-for-deportivo-return/ |access-date=31 May 2010 |publisher=UEFA}}</ref> A kakar wasa ɗaya tilo da ya buga a [[La Liga|gasar La Liga]], wadda ta fara a watan Janairun 1998, bayan an ɗauke shi daga San Lorenzo, Abreu ya ci wa [[Galicia (Spain)|Galicians]] kwallo a wasan da suka doke [[FC Barcelona|Barcelona]] da ci 3-1 a gida a ranar 25 ga Janairu. === Kogin Falaki da Beitar Urushalima === Bayan ya koma UANL ta Mexico a shekarar 2007, Abreu ya sami damar soke kwangilarsa da su domin ya koma River Plate - Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Mexico ta dakatar da amincewa da canja wurin saboda dakatarwar da aka yi tsakanin kungiyoyin. Ya zama baƙo ɗaya tilo da ya zura kwallo a wasan Clásico Regiomontano (Tigres vs. Monterrey, wanda ya wakilci shekarar da ta gabata) a kan kowace ƙungiya. [1] A tsakiyar shekarar 2008, bayan tattaunawa mai wahala, Abreu ya rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniya da zakarun gasar Isra'ila Beitar Jerusalem . <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 July 2008 |title=Beitar strengthened for Wisla challenge |url=https://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/news/01cf-0e6f6fea05a4-a0b8b8969308-1000--beitar-strengthened-for-wisla-challenge/ |access-date=23 April 2010 |publisher=UEFA}}</ref> Ya fito a zagayen cancantar shiga [[UEFA Champions League|gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai ta UEFA]], amma an kawar da kungiyarsa da sauri. Bugu da ƙari, bai iya buga wasa a fagen daga ba saboda rashin biyan kuɗi. Abreu ya sake rattaba hannu da River Plate a watan Satumba na 2008 bayan ya dakatar da alaƙarsa da Beitar, inda yarjejeniyar za ta ci gaba har zuwa watan Yuni na 2009. Saboda kasancewarsa ɗan wasa a makare, bai sami damar bugawa ƙungiyar wasa a gasar Primera División ba, sai dai ya buga wasa a gasar Copa Sudamericana . A shekara mai zuwa, ya cancanci shiga gasar cikin gida da ta Copa Libertadores . === Real Sociedad === A farkon Janairu 2009, Abreu ya koma Spain bayan shekaru goma ba tare da shi ba, ana ba da rancen River zuwa Segunda División Real Sociedad, wanda ya rasa zaɓi na farko na al'ada Iñigo Díaz de Cerio na kakar wasa saboda mummunan rauni na kafa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Martínez |first=David |date=9 January 2009 |title=El "Loco" Abreu ficha por la Real Sociedad |trans-title="Loco" Abreu signs for Real Sociedad |url=http://www.ligafutbol.net/el-loco-abreu-ficha-por-la-real-sociedad/ |access-date=11 November 2011 |publisher=Liga Fútbol |language=es}}</ref> A ranar 14 ga Maris 2009, ya zura kwallaye uku a wasan da suka doke Xerez, jagoran gasar, da ci 3-1 a waje. Duk da haka, ƙungiyarsa ta gaza komawa saman teburin gasar. === Botafogo === A ranar 13 ga Yuni 2009, Aris da ke Girka ya sayi Abreu daga River Plate. <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 June 2009 |title=O Sebastian Abreu στον ΑΡΗ! |trans-title=Sebastián Abreu to Aris! |url=http://www.arisfc.gr/index.cfm?pid=2&view=detail&id=839 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090616190210/http://www.arisfc.gr/index.cfm?pid=2&view=detail&id=839 |archive-date=16 June 2009 |access-date=13 June 2009 |publisher=Aris F.C. |language=el}}</ref> Duk da haka, a watan Janairun shekarar da ta biyo baya, ɗan wasan mai shekaru 33 ya sake canza kulob da ƙasarsa, inda ya amince da kwantiragin shekaru biyu da Botafogo na Brazil. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 January 2010 |title=Botafogo acerta contratação do uruguaio "El Loco" Abreu, diz empresário |trans-title=Botafogo agree signing of Uruguayan "Madman" Abreu, says agent |url=https://www.uol.com.br/esporte/futebol/ultimas-noticias/2010/01/03/botafogo-acerta-contratacao-de-el-loco-abreu-diz-jornal.jhtm |access-date=25 January 2020 |publisher=[[Universo Online]] |language=pt}}</ref> Abreu scored the second goal in the 2–1 victory over Flamengo on 18 April 2010, which gave the team the Campeonato Carioca title.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lavinas |first=Thiago |date=18 April 2010 |title=Botafogo acaba com o tabu, vence o Flamengo e é campeão carioca |trans-title=Botafogo end taboo, beat Flamengo and are ''carioca'' champions |url=http://globoesporte.globo.com/Esportes/Noticias/Futebol/Campeonato_Carioca/0,,MUL1573010-9835,00.html |access-date=25 January 2020 |publisher=[[TV Globo|Globo Esporte]] |language=pt}}</ref> In July, he had his link extended until 31 December 2012 with a release clause of US$11.3 million, with the player declaring he had previously held talks with Universidad de Chile and Trabzonspor of Turkey. A ranar 6 ga Fabrairu, 2011, Abreu ya shiga cikin wani wasa mai ban mamaki da Fluminense : ƙungiyarsa ta yi nasarar bugun fenariti yayin da suke shan kashi 2-1, kuma ya buga shi a salon Panenka, inda Diego Cavalieri ya ceci ƙwallon ta hanyar tsayawa cak. An kuma ba shi wani bugun fenariti bayan mintuna biyar kacal, kuma ya buga ta haka, a wannan karon a kusurwar dama ta ƙwallon, yayin da mai tsaron gida ya nutse ta wata hanyar; bayan 'yan mintuna kaɗan, Botafogo ya sake zura kwallo kuma ya lashe wasan. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 February 2011 |title=Video: The Panenka fail & success: Loco Abreu has a crazy five minutes (Botafogo-Fluminense) |url=http://www.goal.com/en-us/news/3296/brazil/2011/02/07/2341682/video-the-panenka-fail-success-loco-abreu-has-a-crazy-five |access-date=8 February 2011 |publisher=[[Goal (website)|Goal]]}}</ref> An ba Abreu aro ga Figueirense na ƙungiyar Série A a ranar 5 ga Yuli 2012. Duk da haka, yayin da kakar wasa ta ƙare a matakin faduwa daga gasar, kwantiraginsa ya ƙare ta hanyar [[Twitter]] a ranar 24 ga Nuwamba, kwana ɗaya kafin wasan ƙarshe da Grêmio . <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 November 2012 |title=Figueirense utiliza Twitter para anunciar rescisão com Loco Abreu |trans-title=Figueirense use Twitter to announce rescision with Loco Abreu |url=http://www.espn.com.br/noticia/295085_figueirense-utiliza-twitter-para-anunciar-rescisao-com-loco-abreu |access-date=16 February 2021 |publisher=[[ESPN (Brazil)|ESPN Brasil]] |language=pt}}</ref> === Sol de América === Daga Janairu 2013 zuwa Disamba 2015, Abreu yana ƙarƙashin kwangilarsa da Nacional, kuma an ba shi aro ga Rosario Central da Aucas a wannan lokacin. A ranar 28 ga Disamba 2015, jaridar Paraguay D10 ta ruwaito cewa ya gana a Uruguay da shugaban Sol de América Miguel Figueredo. [1] Ya riga ya sami tayin da ya fi riba daga Mexico, amma ya ƙi don ya kasance kusa da ƙasarsa, [2] kuma an tabbatar da shi a hukumance a ranar 6 ga Janairu 2016. [3] [4] [5] === Bangu === A ranar 12 ga Nuwamba 2016, Abreu mai shekaru 40 ya koma Bangu na Brazil daga Santa Tecla, kuma yarjejeniyar ta fara aiki a watan Janairu mai zuwa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 November 2016 |title=Abreu ya tiene nuevo equipo |trans-title=Abreu already has a new team |url=http://www.aztecadeportes.com/notas/futbol-internacional/2016-11-12-19-12/abreu-ya-tiene-nuevo-equipo/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181019181739/http://www.aztecadeportes.com/notas/futbol-internacional/2016-11-12-19-12/abreu-ya-tiene-nuevo-equipo/ |archive-date=19 October 2018 |access-date=13 November 2016 |publisher=Azteca Deportes |language=es}}</ref> Bayan wasanni goma a gasar Rio de Janeiro State League, ya tafi. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Faldon |first=Gustavo |date=1 April 2017 |title=Após 10 jogos, Loco Abreu deixa o Bangu para voltar ao futebol uruguaio |trans-title=After 10 games, Loco Abreu leaves Bangu to return to Uruguayan football |url=http://espn.uol.com.br/noticia/683379_apos-10-jogos-loco-abreu-deixa-o-bangu-para-voltar-ao-futebol-uruguaio |access-date=5 April 2017 |publisher=ESPN Brasil |language=pt}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1976]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] kafp19gop3deycmde1epsyf5yeilyyx 829657 829656 2026-05-04T20:51:57Z Sardeeq 39275 829657 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Washington Sebastián Abreu Gallo''' An haife shi a ranar 17 ga Oktoba 1976), wanda aka yi wa lakabi da '''''El Loco''''' (Madman), manajan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Uruguay kuma tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba . Shi ne babban kocin ƙungiyar Tijuana ta Mexico. A tsawon shekaru 26 da ya yi yana aiki, Abreu ya wakilci ƙungiyoyi 32 a ƙasashe 11, inda ya lashe gasar lig tare da San Lorenzo da River Plate a Argentina, da kuma Nacional a Uruguay. <ref>{{Cite web |date=October 17, 2023 |title=La extensa trayectoria del 'Loco' Abreu |url=https://www.conmebol.com/noticias/la-extensa-trayectoria-del-loco-abreu/ |publisher=CONMEBOL}}</ref> A fagen wasanni na ƙasa da ƙasa, Abreu ya buga wasanni 70 ga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa. Ya wakilci Uruguay a [[Kofin kwallon kafa na FIFA na duniya|gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA]] a shekarun 2002 da 2010, sannan ya wakilci Copa America a shekarun 1997, 2007 da 2011, inda ya zama zakara a wasan ƙarshe. == Aikin kulob == === Farkon aikina === An haife shi a [[Minas , Uruguay|Minas]], Sashen Lavalleja, Abreu ya buga wasa a kungiyoyi da dama a faɗin [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]] (Uruguay, Argentina, Mexico da Brazil). Ya kuma yi wasa mara nasara tare da Deportivo de La Coruña ta Spain, wanda ya ba shi aro sau da yawa tsawon lokacin kwangilarsa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 April 2002 |title=Uruguayan set for Deportivo return |url=https://www.uefa.com/news-media/news/025e-0f906ce0cfa2-c36a2d82e917-1000--uruguayan-set-for-deportivo-return/ |access-date=31 May 2010 |publisher=UEFA}}</ref> A kakar wasa ɗaya tilo da ya buga a [[La Liga|gasar La Liga]], wadda ta fara a watan Janairun 1998, bayan an ɗauke shi daga San Lorenzo, Abreu ya ci wa [[Galicia (Spain)|Galicians]] kwallo a wasan da suka doke [[FC Barcelona|Barcelona]] da ci 3-1 a gida a ranar 25 ga Janairu. === Kogin Falaki da Beitar Urushalima === Bayan ya koma UANL ta Mexico a shekarar 2007, Abreu ya sami damar soke kwangilarsa da su domin ya koma River Plate - Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Mexico ta dakatar da amincewa da canja wurin saboda dakatarwar da aka yi tsakanin kungiyoyin. Ya zama baƙo ɗaya tilo da ya zura kwallo a wasan Clásico Regiomontano (Tigres vs. Monterrey, wanda ya wakilci shekarar da ta gabata) a kan kowace ƙungiya. [1] A tsakiyar shekarar 2008, bayan tattaunawa mai wahala, Abreu ya rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniya da zakarun gasar Isra'ila Beitar Jerusalem . <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 July 2008 |title=Beitar strengthened for Wisla challenge |url=https://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/news/01cf-0e6f6fea05a4-a0b8b8969308-1000--beitar-strengthened-for-wisla-challenge/ |access-date=23 April 2010 |publisher=UEFA}}</ref> Ya fito a zagayen cancantar shiga [[UEFA Champions League|gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai ta UEFA]], amma an kawar da kungiyarsa da sauri. Bugu da ƙari, bai iya buga wasa a fagen daga ba saboda rashin biyan kuɗi. Abreu ya sake rattaba hannu da River Plate a watan Satumba na 2008 bayan ya dakatar da alaƙarsa da Beitar, inda yarjejeniyar za ta ci gaba har zuwa watan Yuni na 2009. Saboda kasancewarsa ɗan wasa a makare, bai sami damar bugawa ƙungiyar wasa a gasar Primera División ba, sai dai ya buga wasa a gasar Copa Sudamericana . A shekara mai zuwa, ya cancanci shiga gasar cikin gida da ta Copa Libertadores . === Real Sociedad === A farkon Janairu 2009, Abreu ya koma Spain bayan shekaru goma ba tare da shi ba, ana ba da rancen River zuwa Segunda División Real Sociedad, wanda ya rasa zaɓi na farko na al'ada Iñigo Díaz de Cerio na kakar wasa saboda mummunan rauni na kafa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Martínez |first=David |date=9 January 2009 |title=El "Loco" Abreu ficha por la Real Sociedad |trans-title="Loco" Abreu signs for Real Sociedad |url=http://www.ligafutbol.net/el-loco-abreu-ficha-por-la-real-sociedad/ |access-date=11 November 2011 |publisher=Liga Fútbol |language=es}}</ref> A ranar 14 ga Maris 2009, ya zura kwallaye uku a wasan da suka doke Xerez, jagoran gasar, da ci 3-1 a waje. Duk da haka, ƙungiyarsa ta gaza komawa saman teburin gasar. === Botafogo === A ranar 13 ga Yuni 2009, Aris da ke Girka ya sayi Abreu daga River Plate. <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 June 2009 |title=O Sebastian Abreu στον ΑΡΗ! |trans-title=Sebastián Abreu to Aris! |url=http://www.arisfc.gr/index.cfm?pid=2&view=detail&id=839 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090616190210/http://www.arisfc.gr/index.cfm?pid=2&view=detail&id=839 |archive-date=16 June 2009 |access-date=13 June 2009 |publisher=Aris F.C. |language=el}}</ref> Duk da haka, a watan Janairun shekarar da ta biyo baya, ɗan wasan mai shekaru 33 ya sake canza kulob da ƙasarsa, inda ya amince da kwantiragin shekaru biyu da Botafogo na Brazil. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 January 2010 |title=Botafogo acerta contratação do uruguaio "El Loco" Abreu, diz empresário |trans-title=Botafogo agree signing of Uruguayan "Madman" Abreu, says agent |url=https://www.uol.com.br/esporte/futebol/ultimas-noticias/2010/01/03/botafogo-acerta-contratacao-de-el-loco-abreu-diz-jornal.jhtm |access-date=25 January 2020 |publisher=[[Universo Online]] |language=pt}}</ref> Abreu scored the second goal in the 2–1 victory over Flamengo on 18 April 2010, which gave the team the Campeonato Carioca title.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lavinas |first=Thiago |date=18 April 2010 |title=Botafogo acaba com o tabu, vence o Flamengo e é campeão carioca |trans-title=Botafogo end taboo, beat Flamengo and are ''carioca'' champions |url=http://globoesporte.globo.com/Esportes/Noticias/Futebol/Campeonato_Carioca/0,,MUL1573010-9835,00.html |access-date=25 January 2020 |publisher=[[TV Globo|Globo Esporte]] |language=pt}}</ref> In July, he had his link extended until 31 December 2012 with a release clause of US$11.3 million, with the player declaring he had previously held talks with Universidad de Chile and Trabzonspor of Turkey. A ranar 6 ga Fabrairu, 2011, Abreu ya shiga cikin wani wasa mai ban mamaki da Fluminense : ƙungiyarsa ta yi nasarar bugun fenariti yayin da suke shan kashi 2-1, kuma ya buga shi a salon Panenka, inda Diego Cavalieri ya ceci ƙwallon ta hanyar tsayawa cak. An kuma ba shi wani bugun fenariti bayan mintuna biyar kacal, kuma ya buga ta haka, a wannan karon a kusurwar dama ta ƙwallon, yayin da mai tsaron gida ya nutse ta wata hanyar; bayan 'yan mintuna kaɗan, Botafogo ya sake zura kwallo kuma ya lashe wasan. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 February 2011 |title=Video: The Panenka fail & success: Loco Abreu has a crazy five minutes (Botafogo-Fluminense) |url=http://www.goal.com/en-us/news/3296/brazil/2011/02/07/2341682/video-the-panenka-fail-success-loco-abreu-has-a-crazy-five |access-date=8 February 2011 |publisher=[[Goal (website)|Goal]]}}</ref> An ba Abreu aro ga Figueirense na ƙungiyar Série A a ranar 5 ga Yuli 2012. Duk da haka, yayin da kakar wasa ta ƙare a matakin faduwa daga gasar, kwantiraginsa ya ƙare ta hanyar [[Twitter]] a ranar 24 ga Nuwamba, kwana ɗaya kafin wasan ƙarshe da Grêmio . <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 November 2012 |title=Figueirense utiliza Twitter para anunciar rescisão com Loco Abreu |trans-title=Figueirense use Twitter to announce rescision with Loco Abreu |url=http://www.espn.com.br/noticia/295085_figueirense-utiliza-twitter-para-anunciar-rescisao-com-loco-abreu |access-date=16 February 2021 |publisher=[[ESPN (Brazil)|ESPN Brasil]] |language=pt}}</ref> === Sol de América === Daga Janairu 2013 zuwa Disamba 2015, Abreu yana ƙarƙashin kwangilarsa da Nacional, kuma an ba shi aro ga Rosario Central da Aucas a wannan lokacin. A ranar 28 ga Disamba 2015, jaridar Paraguay D10 ta ruwaito cewa ya gana a Uruguay da shugaban Sol de América Miguel Figueredo. [1] Ya riga ya sami tayin da ya fi riba daga Mexico, amma ya ƙi don ya kasance kusa da ƙasarsa, [2] kuma an tabbatar da shi a hukumance a ranar 6 ga Janairu 2016. [3] [4] [5] === Bangu === A ranar 12 ga Nuwamba 2016, Abreu mai shekaru 40 ya koma Bangu na Brazil daga Santa Tecla, kuma yarjejeniyar ta fara aiki a watan Janairu mai zuwa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 November 2016 |title=Abreu ya tiene nuevo equipo |trans-title=Abreu already has a new team |url=http://www.aztecadeportes.com/notas/futbol-internacional/2016-11-12-19-12/abreu-ya-tiene-nuevo-equipo/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181019181739/http://www.aztecadeportes.com/notas/futbol-internacional/2016-11-12-19-12/abreu-ya-tiene-nuevo-equipo/ |archive-date=19 October 2018 |access-date=13 November 2016 |publisher=Azteca Deportes |language=es}}</ref> Bayan wasanni goma a gasar Rio de Janeiro State League, ya tafi. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Faldon |first=Gustavo |date=1 April 2017 |title=Após 10 jogos, Loco Abreu deixa o Bangu para voltar ao futebol uruguaio |trans-title=After 10 games, Loco Abreu leaves Bangu to return to Uruguayan football |url=http://espn.uol.com.br/noticia/683379_apos-10-jogos-loco-abreu-deixa-o-bangu-para-voltar-ao-futebol-uruguaio |access-date=5 April 2017 |publisher=ESPN Brasil |language=pt}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1976]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] rto5zuumzyf01zu898mdhpsthgx4p8i 0 149124 829658 2026-05-04T20:53:02Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1337943090|Tauã (footballer, born 1993)]]" 829658 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tauã Ferreira dos Santos''' (29 Disamba 1993), kuma aka sani da '''Tauã''', ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Brazil yana taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba na ƙungiyar Thai League 1 PT Prachuap . == Sana'a == An haifi Tauã a Mongaguá . Ya sami horon ƙwallon ƙafa, da sauransu, a Avaí . Ya shiga ƙungiyar ƙwararru a shekarar 2012. A gasar Série B, ya buga wasa a ranar 3 ga Nuwamba 2012, da Ceará . A wasan, an maye gurbinsa a minti na 66. Ya kuma bayyana a sauran wasanni huɗu na kakar wasa. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2025)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Ɗan wasan ya zura ƙwallonsa ta farko a matsayin ƙwararre a lokacin gasar Santa Catarina State Championship a 2013. A wasan da suka yi da Criciúma, an sauya shi a ranar 28 ga Afrilu a minti na 64 kuma ya ci kwallo a minti na 71 wanda hakan ya sa aka tashi 3-2. A farkon kakar wasa ta 2014, an ba Tauã aro ga Marcílio Dias, wanda ya fafata a gasar Santa Catarina State Championship tare da shi. Dan wasan ya halarci wasanni 14 a gasar kuma ya zira kwallaye hudu. Daga nan aka ba shi aro ga Guarani de Palhoça . A nan ya buga wasa a gasar Série D da Série B ta gasar Santa Catarina State Championship. A dukkan gasannin, ya buga wasanni 26 kuma ya zira kwallaye 12. Tauã ya fara shekarar 2015 a Santo André . Duk da haka, ya buga wasanni biyu kacal a nan. Ɗaya a gasar lig ta biyu ta São Paulo State Championship da kuma ɗaya a Copa do Brasil . Ya koma ƙungiyar iyayensa ta Avaí don ayyukan lig, waɗanda suka buga a kakar wasa a Série A. A wasan da suka yi da Palmeiras a ranar 9 ga Yuli 2015, Tauã ya fara bayyana a babban filin wasa a minti na 77. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2025)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Ya sake buga wasanni huɗu. Haka kuma sau da yawa yana kan benci. A shekara mai zuwa, Tauã ya fara bugawa Avaí wasa. Ya buga wasanni 27 a gasar da aka yi a hukumance a kungiyar har zuwa watan Agusta na 2016, ciki har da sau biyu a gasar Primeira Liga, sau tara a gasar Santa Catarina State Championship, sau hudu (ci kwallo daya) a gasar Copa do Brasil, da kuma sau goma sha biyu a gasar Série B. A tsakiyar watan Agusta, an ba Tauã aro ga Tombense . [1] An takaita rancen har zuwa ƙarshen shekara. Tare da ƙungiyar, ya buga wasanni huɗu a Série C a wannan shekarar. A ƙarshen rancen, Tombense ta sayi Tauã har abada. A wasannin gasar lig ta biyu ta gasar São Paulo State Championship a 2018, an ba da ɗan wasan aro ga Penapolense . Bayan an kawo ƙarshen rancen, wani ya biyo baya. Tauã ya koma Atlético Acreano, wanda ya fafata da shi a Série C. [2] Bayan kammala gasar, ya koma Tombense. Bayan ya yi aro a São Luiz, ya koma [[Tailan|Thailand]] a farkon shekarar 2020. A nan ya sanya hannu kan kwangila da sabuwar ƙungiyar rukuni na biyu mai suna Nakhon Pathom United . Ƙungiyar daga Nakhon Pathom ta buga wasa a gasar rukuni na biyu ta Thailand, wato gasar rukuni na biyu ta Thai . Ga Nakhon Pathom, ya buga wasanni 31 kuma ya zura kwallaye 23. A watan Yunin 2021, ya sanya hannu kan kwangila da ƙungiyar rukuni na farko ta Thai PT Prachuap . <ref>{{Cite web |title=ประจวบมือไว!! บรรลุข้อตกลงคว้าตัวดาวยิงนครปฐม (Transfer to PT Prachuap FC) |url=https://www.khobsanam.com/news-football/144646 |access-date=28 May 2024 |publisher=khobsanam.com |language=th}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga Mayu 2022, ya tsaya tare da ''PT'' a wasan ƙarshe na gasar cin kofin League ta Thai . A nan ne Buriram United ta doke su da ci 4-0 a filin wasa na BG . Ya buga wasanni tara na gasar lig ga Prachuap. Bayan kakar wasa, ba a sabunta kwangilarsa ba. A watan Yulin 2022, ya sanya hannu da ƙungiyar rukuni na biyu ta Trat . <ref>{{Cite web |title=ต่างชาติก็มา! “ตราด” คว้า “ตาอัว เฟอร์เรร่า” เสริมคมก่อนลุยลีกรอง, (Transfer to Trat FC), July 10, 2022 |url=https://www.ballthai.com/%e0%b8%95%e0%b9%88%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%87%e0%b8%8a%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%95%e0%b8%b4%e0%b8%81%e0%b9%87%e0%b8%a1%e0%b8%b2-%e0%b8%95%e0%b8%a3%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%94-%e0%b8%84%e0%b8%a7%e0%b9%89%e0%b8%b2-%e0%b8%95%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%ad%e0%b8%b1%e0%b8%a7-%e0%b9%80%e0%b8%9f%e0%b8%ad%e0%b8%a3%e0%b9%8c%e0%b9%80%e0%b8%a3%e0%b8%a3%e0%b9%88%e0%b8%b2-%e0%b9%80%e0%b8%aa%e0%b8%a3%e0%b8%b4%e0%b8%a1%e0%b8%84%e0%b8%a1%e0%b8%81%e0%b9%88%e0%b8%ad%e0%b8%99%e0%b8%a5%e0%b8%b8%e0%b8%a2%e0%b8%a5%e0%b8%b5%e0%b8%81%e0%b8%a3%e0%b8%ad%e0%b8%87/ |access-date=28 May 2024 |publisher=ballthai.com (Thai)}}</ref> A ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2022/23, ya yi bikin tare da ƙungiyar daga Trat, inda ta zo ta biyu, kuma ta haura zuwa gasar rukuni na farko . Ya buga wasanni 28 a gasar Trat, inda ya zura kwallaye 15. Bayan kakar wasa ta bana, ya bar ƙungiyar ya koma ƙungiyar Lamphun Warriors ta rukuni na farko a watan Yunin 2023. <ref>{{Cite web |title=“ลำพูน” คว้าตัว “ตาอัว เฟอร์เรร่า” ล่าตาข่าย ไทยลีก ซีซั่นใหม่, (Move to Lamphun Warriors FC), 21. June 2023 |url=https://www.ballthai.com/%e0%b8%a5%e0%b8%b3%e0%b8%9e%e0%b8%b9%e0%b8%99-%e0%b8%84%e0%b8%a7%e0%b9%89%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%95%e0%b8%b1%e0%b8%a7-%e0%b8%95%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%ad%e0%b8%b1%e0%b8%a7-%e0%b9%80%e0%b8%9f%e0%b8%ad%e0%b8%a3%e0%b9%8c%e0%b9%80%e0%b8%a3%e0%b8%a3%e0%b9%88%e0%b8%b2-%e0%b8%a5%e0%b9%88%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%95%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%82%e0%b9%88%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%a2-%e0%b9%84%e0%b8%97%e0%b8%a2%e0%b8%a5%e0%b8%b5%e0%b8%81-%e0%b8%8b%e0%b8%b5%e0%b8%8b%e0%b8%b1%e0%b9%88%e0%b8%99%e0%b9%83%e0%b8%ab%e0%b8%a1%e0%b9%88/ |access-date=28 May 2024 |publisher=ballthai.com (Thai)}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1993]] 52c7nuvei9u7t7cvcxeclxanfnsft45 829659 829658 2026-05-04T20:53:31Z Sardeeq 39275 829659 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tauã Ferreira dos Santos''' (29 Disamba 1993), kuma aka sani da '''Tauã''', ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Brazil yana taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba na ƙungiyar Thai League 1 PT Prachuap . == Sana'a == An haifi Tauã a Mongaguá . Ya sami horon ƙwallon ƙafa, da sauransu, a Avaí . Ya shiga ƙungiyar ƙwararru a shekarar 2012. A gasar Série B, ya buga wasa a ranar 3 ga Nuwamba 2012, da Ceará . A wasan, an maye gurbinsa a minti na 66. Ya kuma bayyana a sauran wasanni huɗu na kakar wasa. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2025)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Ɗan wasan ya zura ƙwallonsa ta farko a matsayin ƙwararre a lokacin gasar Santa Catarina State Championship a 2013. A wasan da suka yi da Criciúma, an sauya shi a ranar 28 ga Afrilu a minti na 64 kuma ya ci kwallo a minti na 71 wanda hakan ya sa aka tashi 3-2. A farkon kakar wasa ta 2014, an ba Tauã aro ga Marcílio Dias, wanda ya fafata a gasar Santa Catarina State Championship tare da shi. Dan wasan ya halarci wasanni 14 a gasar kuma ya zira kwallaye hudu. Daga nan aka ba shi aro ga Guarani de Palhoça . A nan ya buga wasa a gasar Série D da Série B ta gasar Santa Catarina State Championship. A dukkan gasannin, ya buga wasanni 26 kuma ya zira kwallaye 12. Tauã ya fara shekarar 2015 a Santo André . Duk da haka, ya buga wasanni biyu kacal a nan. Ɗaya a gasar lig ta biyu ta São Paulo State Championship da kuma ɗaya a Copa do Brasil . Ya koma ƙungiyar iyayensa ta Avaí don ayyukan lig, waɗanda suka buga a kakar wasa a Série A. A wasan da suka yi da Palmeiras a ranar 9 ga Yuli 2015, Tauã ya fara bayyana a babban filin wasa a minti na 77. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2025)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Ya sake buga wasanni huɗu. Haka kuma sau da yawa yana kan benci. A shekara mai zuwa, Tauã ya fara bugawa Avaí wasa. Ya buga wasanni 27 a gasar da aka yi a hukumance a kungiyar har zuwa watan Agusta na 2016, ciki har da sau biyu a gasar Primeira Liga, sau tara a gasar Santa Catarina State Championship, sau hudu (ci kwallo daya) a gasar Copa do Brasil, da kuma sau goma sha biyu a gasar Série B. A tsakiyar watan Agusta, an ba Tauã aro ga Tombense . [1] An takaita rancen har zuwa ƙarshen shekara. Tare da ƙungiyar, ya buga wasanni huɗu a Série C a wannan shekarar. A ƙarshen rancen, Tombense ta sayi Tauã har abada. A wasannin gasar lig ta biyu ta gasar São Paulo State Championship a 2018, an ba da ɗan wasan aro ga Penapolense . Bayan an kawo ƙarshen rancen, wani ya biyo baya. Tauã ya koma Atlético Acreano, wanda ya fafata da shi a Série C. [2] Bayan kammala gasar, ya koma Tombense. Bayan ya yi aro a São Luiz, ya koma [[Tailan|Thailand]] a farkon shekarar 2020. A nan ya sanya hannu kan kwangila da sabuwar ƙungiyar rukuni na biyu mai suna Nakhon Pathom United . Ƙungiyar daga Nakhon Pathom ta buga wasa a gasar rukuni na biyu ta Thailand, wato gasar rukuni na biyu ta Thai . Ga Nakhon Pathom, ya buga wasanni 31 kuma ya zura kwallaye 23. A watan Yunin 2021, ya sanya hannu kan kwangila da ƙungiyar rukuni na farko ta Thai PT Prachuap . <ref>{{Cite web |title=ประจวบมือไว!! บรรลุข้อตกลงคว้าตัวดาวยิงนครปฐม (Transfer to PT Prachuap FC) |url=https://www.khobsanam.com/news-football/144646 |access-date=28 May 2024 |publisher=khobsanam.com |language=th}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga Mayu 2022, ya tsaya tare da ''PT'' a wasan ƙarshe na gasar cin kofin League ta Thai . A nan ne Buriram United ta doke su da ci 4-0 a filin wasa na BG . Ya buga wasanni tara na gasar lig ga Prachuap. Bayan kakar wasa, ba a sabunta kwangilarsa ba. A watan Yulin 2022, ya sanya hannu da ƙungiyar rukuni na biyu ta Trat . <ref>{{Cite web |title=ต่างชาติก็มา! “ตราด” คว้า “ตาอัว เฟอร์เรร่า” เสริมคมก่อนลุยลีกรอง, (Transfer to Trat FC), July 10, 2022 |url=https://www.ballthai.com/%e0%b8%95%e0%b9%88%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%87%e0%b8%8a%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%95%e0%b8%b4%e0%b8%81%e0%b9%87%e0%b8%a1%e0%b8%b2-%e0%b8%95%e0%b8%a3%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%94-%e0%b8%84%e0%b8%a7%e0%b9%89%e0%b8%b2-%e0%b8%95%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%ad%e0%b8%b1%e0%b8%a7-%e0%b9%80%e0%b8%9f%e0%b8%ad%e0%b8%a3%e0%b9%8c%e0%b9%80%e0%b8%a3%e0%b8%a3%e0%b9%88%e0%b8%b2-%e0%b9%80%e0%b8%aa%e0%b8%a3%e0%b8%b4%e0%b8%a1%e0%b8%84%e0%b8%a1%e0%b8%81%e0%b9%88%e0%b8%ad%e0%b8%99%e0%b8%a5%e0%b8%b8%e0%b8%a2%e0%b8%a5%e0%b8%b5%e0%b8%81%e0%b8%a3%e0%b8%ad%e0%b8%87/ |access-date=28 May 2024 |publisher=ballthai.com (Thai)}}</ref> A ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2022/23, ya yi bikin tare da ƙungiyar daga Trat, inda ta zo ta biyu, kuma ta haura zuwa gasar rukuni na farko . Ya buga wasanni 28 a gasar Trat, inda ya zura kwallaye 15. Bayan kakar wasa ta bana, ya bar ƙungiyar ya koma ƙungiyar Lamphun Warriors ta rukuni na farko a watan Yunin 2023. <ref>{{Cite web |title=“ลำพูน” คว้าตัว “ตาอัว เฟอร์เรร่า” ล่าตาข่าย ไทยลีก ซีซั่นใหม่, (Move to Lamphun Warriors FC), 21. June 2023 |url=https://www.ballthai.com/%e0%b8%a5%e0%b8%b3%e0%b8%9e%e0%b8%b9%e0%b8%99-%e0%b8%84%e0%b8%a7%e0%b9%89%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%95%e0%b8%b1%e0%b8%a7-%e0%b8%95%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%ad%e0%b8%b1%e0%b8%a7-%e0%b9%80%e0%b8%9f%e0%b8%ad%e0%b8%a3%e0%b9%8c%e0%b9%80%e0%b8%a3%e0%b8%a3%e0%b9%88%e0%b8%b2-%e0%b8%a5%e0%b9%88%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%95%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%82%e0%b9%88%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%a2-%e0%b9%84%e0%b8%97%e0%b8%a2%e0%b8%a5%e0%b8%b5%e0%b8%81-%e0%b8%8b%e0%b8%b5%e0%b8%8b%e0%b8%b1%e0%b9%88%e0%b8%99%e0%b9%83%e0%b8%ab%e0%b8%a1%e0%b9%88/ |access-date=28 May 2024 |publisher=ballthai.com (Thai)}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1993]] 30r2qw7eyrfgr2tcpa9z5430frhyrz3 829661 829659 2026-05-04T20:56:11Z Sardeeq 39275 829661 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tauã Ferreira dos Santos''' (29 Disamba 1993), kuma aka sani da '''Tauã''', ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Brazil yana taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba na ƙungiyar Thai League 1 PT Prachuap . == Sana'a == An haifi Tauã a Mongaguá . Ya sami horon ƙwallon ƙafa, da sauransu, a Avaí . Ya shiga ƙungiyar ƙwararru a shekarar 2012. A gasar Série B, ya buga wasa a ranar 3 ga Nuwamba 2012, da Ceará . A wasan, an maye gurbinsa a minti na 66. Ya kuma bayyana a sauran wasanni huɗu na kakar wasa. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2025)">ana buƙatar/span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Ɗan wasan ya zura ƙwallonsa ta farko a matsayin ƙwararre a lokacin gasar Santa Catarina State Championship a 2013. A wasan da suka yi da Criciúma, an sauya shi a ranar 28 ga Afrilu a minti na 64 kuma ya ci kwallo a minti na 71 wanda hakan ya sa aka tashi 3-2. A farkon kakar wasa ta 2014, an ba Tauã aro ga Marcílio Dias, wanda ya fafata a gasar Santa Catarina State Championship tare da shi. Dan wasan ya halarci wasanni 14 a gasar kuma ya zira kwallaye hudu. Daga nan aka ba shi aro ga Guarani de Palhoça . A nan ya buga wasa a gasar Série D da Série B ta gasar Santa Catarina State Championship. A dukkan gasannin, ya buga wasanni 26 kuma ya zira kwallaye 12. Tauã ya fara shekarar 2015 a Santo André . Duk da haka, ya buga wasanni biyu kacal a nan. Ɗaya a gasar lig ta biyu ta São Paulo State Championship da kuma ɗaya a Copa do Brasil . Ya koma ƙungiyar iyayensa ta Avaí don ayyukan lig, waɗanda suka buga a kakar wasa a Série A. A wasan da suka yi da Palmeiras a ranar 9 ga Yuli 2015, Tauã ya fara bayyana a babban filin wasa a minti na 77. Ya sake buga wasanni huɗu. Haka kuma sau da yawa yana kan benci. A shekara mai zuwa, Tauã ya fara bugawa Avaí wasa. Ya buga wasanni 27 a gasar da aka yi a hukumance a kungiyar har zuwa watan Agusta na 2016, ciki har da sau biyu a gasar Primeira Liga, sau tara a gasar Santa Catarina State Championship, sau hudu (ci kwallo daya) a gasar Copa do Brasil, da kuma sau goma sha biyu a gasar Série B. A tsakiyar watan Agusta, an ba Tauã aro ga Tombense . [1] An takaita rancen har zuwa ƙarshen shekara. Tare da ƙungiyar, ya buga wasanni huɗu a Série C a wannan shekarar. A ƙarshen rancen, Tombense ta sayi Tauã har abada. A wasannin gasar lig ta biyu ta gasar São Paulo State Championship a 2018, an ba da ɗan wasan aro ga Penapolense . Bayan an kawo ƙarshen rancen, wani ya biyo baya. Tauã ya koma Atlético Acreano, wanda ya fafata da shi a Série C. [2] Bayan kammala gasar, ya koma Tombense. Bayan ya yi aro a São Luiz, ya koma [[Tailan|Thailand]] a farkon shekarar 2020. A nan ya sanya hannu kan kwangila da sabuwar ƙungiyar rukuni na biyu mai suna Nakhon Pathom United . Ƙungiyar daga Nakhon Pathom ta buga wasa a gasar rukuni na biyu ta Thailand, wato gasar rukuni na biyu ta Thai . Ga Nakhon Pathom, ya buga wasanni 31 kuma ya zura kwallaye 23. A watan Yunin 2021, ya sanya hannu kan kwangila da ƙungiyar rukuni na farko ta Thai PT Prachuap . <ref>{{Cite web |title=ประจวบมือไว!! บรรลุข้อตกลงคว้าตัวดาวยิงนครปฐม (Transfer to PT Prachuap FC) |url=https://www.khobsanam.com/news-football/144646 |access-date=28 May 2024 |publisher=khobsanam.com |language=th}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga Mayu 2022, ya tsaya tare da ''PT'' a wasan ƙarshe na gasar cin kofin League ta Thai . A nan ne Buriram United ta doke su da ci 4-0 a filin wasa na BG . Ya buga wasanni tara na gasar lig ga Prachuap. Bayan kakar wasa, ba a sabunta kwangilarsa ba. A watan Yulin 2022, ya sanya hannu da ƙungiyar rukuni na biyu ta Trat . <ref>{{Cite web |title=ต่างชาติก็มา! “ตราด” คว้า “ตาอัว เฟอร์เรร่า” เสริมคมก่อนลุยลีกรอง, (Transfer to Trat FC), July 10, 2022 |url=https://www.ballthai.com/%e0%b8%95%e0%b9%88%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%87%e0%b8%8a%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%95%e0%b8%b4%e0%b8%81%e0%b9%87%e0%b8%a1%e0%b8%b2-%e0%b8%95%e0%b8%a3%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%94-%e0%b8%84%e0%b8%a7%e0%b9%89%e0%b8%b2-%e0%b8%95%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%ad%e0%b8%b1%e0%b8%a7-%e0%b9%80%e0%b8%9f%e0%b8%ad%e0%b8%a3%e0%b9%8c%e0%b9%80%e0%b8%a3%e0%b8%a3%e0%b9%88%e0%b8%b2-%e0%b9%80%e0%b8%aa%e0%b8%a3%e0%b8%b4%e0%b8%a1%e0%b8%84%e0%b8%a1%e0%b8%81%e0%b9%88%e0%b8%ad%e0%b8%99%e0%b8%a5%e0%b8%b8%e0%b8%a2%e0%b8%a5%e0%b8%b5%e0%b8%81%e0%b8%a3%e0%b8%ad%e0%b8%87/ |access-date=28 May 2024 |publisher=ballthai.com (Thai)}}</ref> A ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2022/23, ya yi bikin tare da ƙungiyar daga Trat, inda ta zo ta biyu, kuma ta haura zuwa gasar rukuni na farko . Ya buga wasanni 28 a gasar Trat, inda ya zura kwallaye 15. Bayan kakar wasa ta bana, ya bar ƙungiyar ya koma ƙungiyar Lamphun Warriors ta rukuni na farko a watan Yunin 2023. <ref>{{Cite web |title=“ลำพูน” คว้าตัว “ตาอัว เฟอร์เรร่า” ล่าตาข่าย ไทยลีก ซีซั่นใหม่, (Move to Lamphun Warriors FC), 21. June 2023 |url=https://www.ballthai.com/%e0%b8%a5%e0%b8%b3%e0%b8%9e%e0%b8%b9%e0%b8%99-%e0%b8%84%e0%b8%a7%e0%b9%89%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%95%e0%b8%b1%e0%b8%a7-%e0%b8%95%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%ad%e0%b8%b1%e0%b8%a7-%e0%b9%80%e0%b8%9f%e0%b8%ad%e0%b8%a3%e0%b9%8c%e0%b9%80%e0%b8%a3%e0%b8%a3%e0%b9%88%e0%b8%b2-%e0%b8%a5%e0%b9%88%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%95%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%82%e0%b9%88%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%a2-%e0%b9%84%e0%b8%97%e0%b8%a2%e0%b8%a5%e0%b8%b5%e0%b8%81-%e0%b8%8b%e0%b8%b5%e0%b8%8b%e0%b8%b1%e0%b9%88%e0%b8%99%e0%b9%83%e0%b8%ab%e0%b8%a1%e0%b9%88/ |access-date=28 May 2024 |publisher=ballthai.com (Thai)}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1993]] 446alekcgaolgn20jsn749qr5brho4s 0 149125 829662 2026-05-04T20:56:30Z Saad Nuhu 43323 Sabon shafi: [[Fayil:Arminia Bielefeld Logo+Shield 1975–1985.svg|thumb]] {{Infobox football team biography | clubname = Arminia Bielefeld | image = Arminia Bielefeld logo.svg | fullname = Deutscher Sport-Club Arminia Bielefeld e.V. | nickname = Die Arminen | founded = 3 May 1905 | ground = SchücoArena | capacity = 27,300 | chairman = Hans-Jürgen Laufer | manager = Mitch Kniat | league = 3. Liga | season = 2023–24 | position = 3. Liga, 14th | website = https://www.arminia.de | kit_alt1... 829662 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Arminia Bielefeld Logo+Shield 1975–1985.svg|thumb]] {{Infobox football team biography | clubname = Arminia Bielefeld | image = Arminia Bielefeld logo.svg | fullname = Deutscher Sport-Club Arminia Bielefeld e.V. | nickname = Die Arminen | founded = 3 May 1905 | ground = SchücoArena | capacity = 27,300 | chairman = Hans-Jürgen Laufer | manager = Mitch Kniat | league = 3. Liga | season = 2023–24 | position = 3. Liga, 14th | website = https://www.arminia.de | kit_alt1 = Home kit | pattern_la1 = | pattern_b1 = | pattern_ra1 = | leftarm1 = 0000FF | body1 = 0000FF | rightarm1 = 0000FF | shorts1 = 000000 | socks1 = 0000FF }} '''Arminia Bielefeld''' ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta ƙasar Jamus wacce ke da hedikwata a garin Bielefeld, a jihar North Rhine-Westphalia. An kafa ƙungiyar ne a ranar 3 ga Mayu, 1905, kuma tana ɗaya daga cikin tsoffin kungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa a Jamus. Ana yi wa ƙungiyar laƙabi da ''Die Arminen''. <ref>Arminia Bielefeld Official History</ref> Kungiyar tana buga wasanninta na gida ne a filin wasa mai suna '''SchücoArena''', wanda yake da damar ɗaukar kusan mutane 27,300. Wannan fili yana daga cikin muhimman wuraren wasanni a yankin, kuma yana da tarihi mai tsawo wajen karɓar manyan wasanni. <ref>Stadium Database – SchücoArena</ref> A tsawon tarihinta, Arminia Bielefeld ta yi fice wajen hawa da sauka tsakanin manyan lig-lig na Jamus, musamman tsakanin '''Bundesliga''' da '''2. Bundesliga'''. Kungiyar ta taba kaiwa matakin Bundesliga sau da dama, duk da cewa sau da yawa tana komawa ƙananan rukuni. <ref>DFB – German Football Records</ref> Daya daga cikin manyan nasarorin da kungiyar ta samu shi ne kaiwa matakin kusa da ƙarshe (semi-final) a gasar '''DFB-Pokal''', wanda ke nuna irin ƙoƙarin da take yi a gasannin cikin gida. <ref>DFB Cup Historical Records</ref> A shekarun baya-bayan nan, Arminia Bielefeld ta samu nasarar komawa Bundesliga a kakar 2019–20 bayan lashe gasar 2. Bundesliga. Duk da haka, daga baya ta sake faduwa zuwa ƙananan lig saboda matsalolin sakamako da rashin daidaito a wasanni. <ref>Bundesliga Official Reports</ref> Kungiyar tana da magoya baya masu ƙarfi da aminci, musamman a yankin Bielefeld da kewaye. Magoya bayan suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tallafawa kungiyar a lokutan nasara da kuma lokacin ƙalubale. <ref>Fan Culture in German Football</ref> == Manyan 'yan wasa (tsofi da na yanzu) == * Fabian Klos * Stefan Ortega * Ansgar Brinkmann * Michael Rummenigge <ref>Player Profiles – Arminia Bielefeld</ref> == Manazarta == <references/> 4ufmu1tt9dc3sfshcyhwnrr5r1eac2w 829663 829662 2026-05-04T20:57:36Z Saad Nuhu 43323 829663 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Arminia Bielefeld Logo+Shield 1975–1985.svg|thumb]] {{Infobox football team biography | clubname = Arminia Bielefeld | image = Arminia Bielefeld logo.svg | fullname = Deutscher Sport-Club Arminia Bielefeld e.V. | nickname = Die Arminen | founded = 3 May 1905 | ground = SchücoArena | capacity = 27,300 | chairman = Hans-Jürgen Laufer | manager = Mitch Kniat | league = 3. Liga | season = 2023–24 | position = 3. Liga, 14th | website = https://www.arminia.de | kit_alt1 = Home kit | pattern_la1 = | pattern_b1 = | pattern_ra1 = | leftarm1 = 0000FF | body1 = 0000FF | rightarm1 = 0000FF | shorts1 = 000000 | socks1 = 0000FF }} '''Arminia Bielefeld''' ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta ƙasar Jamus wacce ke da hedikwata a garin Bielefeld, a jihar North Rhine-Westphalia. An kafa ƙungiyar ne a ranar 3 ga Mayu, 1905, kuma tana ɗaya daga cikin tsoffin kungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa a [[Jamus]]. Ana yi wa ƙungiyar laƙabi da ''Die Arminen''. <ref>Arminia Bielefeld Official History</ref> Kungiyar tana buga wasanninta na gida ne a filin wasa mai suna '''SchücoArena''', wanda yake da damar ɗaukar kusan mutane 27,300. Wannan fili yana daga cikin muhimman wuraren wasanni a yankin, kuma yana da tarihi mai tsawo wajen karɓar manyan wasanni. <ref>Stadium Database – SchücoArena</ref> A tsawon tarihinta, Arminia Bielefeld ta yi fice wajen hawa da sauka tsakanin manyan lig-lig na Jamus, musamman tsakanin '''Bundesliga''' da '''2. Bundesliga'''. Kungiyar ta taba kaiwa matakin Bundesliga sau da dama, duk da cewa sau da yawa tana komawa ƙananan rukuni. <ref>DFB – German Football Records</ref> Daya daga cikin manyan nasarorin da kungiyar ta samu shi ne kaiwa matakin kusa da ƙarshe (semi-final) a gasar '''DFB-Pokal''', wanda ke nuna irin ƙoƙarin da take yi a gasannin cikin gida. <ref>DFB Cup Historical Records</ref> A shekarun baya-bayan nan, Arminia Bielefeld ta samu nasarar komawa Bundesliga a kakar 2019–20 bayan lashe gasar 2. Bundesliga. Duk da haka, daga baya ta sake faduwa zuwa ƙananan lig saboda matsalolin sakamako da rashin daidaito a wasanni. <ref>Bundesliga Official Reports</ref> Kungiyar tana da magoya baya masu ƙarfi da aminci, musamman a yankin Bielefeld da kewaye. Magoya bayan suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tallafawa kungiyar a lokutan nasara da kuma lokacin ƙalubale. <ref>Fan Culture in German Football</ref> == Manyan 'yan wasa (tsofi da na yanzu) == * Fabian Klos * Stefan Ortega * Ansgar Brinkmann * Michael Rummenigge <ref>Player Profiles – Arminia Bielefeld</ref> == Manazarta == <references/> 1kmq6j1nzyuj0vu4s85jzi5ih0p14c0 829666 829663 2026-05-04T20:58:30Z Saad Nuhu 43323 829666 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Arminia Bielefeld Logo+Shield 1975–1985.svg|thumb]] {{Infobox football team biography | clubname = Arminia Bielefeld | image = Arminia Bielefeld logo.svg | fullname = Deutscher Sport-Club Arminia Bielefeld e.V. | nickname = Die Arminen | founded = 3 May 1905 | ground = SchücoArena | capacity = 27,300 | chairman = Hans-Jürgen Laufer | manager = Mitch Kniat | league = 3. Liga | season = 2023–24 | position = 3. Liga, 14th | website = https://www.arminia.de | kit_alt1 = Home kit | pattern_la1 = | pattern_b1 = | pattern_ra1 = | leftarm1 = 0000FF | body1 = 0000FF | rightarm1 = 0000FF | shorts1 = 000000 | socks1 = 0000FF }} '''Arminia Bielefeld''' ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta ƙasar Jamus wacce ke da hedikwata a garin Bielefeld, a jihar North Rhine-Westphalia. An kafa ƙungiyar ne a ranar 3 ga Mayu, 1905, kuma tana ɗaya daga cikin tsoffin kungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa a [[Jamus]]. Ana yi wa ƙungiyar laƙabi da ''Die Arminen''. <ref>Arminia Bielefeld Official History</ref> Kungiyar tana buga wasanninta na gida ne a filin wasa mai suna '''SchücoArena''', wanda yake da damar ɗaukar kusan mutane 27,300. Wannan fili yana daga cikin muhimman wuraren wasanni a yankin, kuma yana da tarihi mai tsawo wajen karɓar manyan wasanni. <ref>Stadium Database – SchücoArena</ref> A tsawon tarihinta, Arminia Bielefeld ta yi fice wajen hawa da sauka tsakanin manyan lig-lig na Jamus, musamman tsakanin '''[[Bundesliga]]''' da '''2. Bundesliga'''. Kungiyar ta taba kaiwa matakin Bundesliga sau da dama, duk da cewa sau da yawa tana komawa ƙananan rukuni. <ref>DFB – German Football Records</ref> Daya daga cikin manyan nasarorin da kungiyar ta samu shi ne kaiwa matakin kusa da ƙarshe (semi-final) a gasar '''DFB-Pokal''', wanda ke nuna irin ƙoƙarin da take yi a gasannin cikin gida. <ref>DFB Cup Historical Records</ref> A shekarun baya-bayan nan, Arminia Bielefeld ta samu nasarar komawa Bundesliga a kakar 2019–20 bayan lashe gasar 2. Bundesliga. Duk da haka, daga baya ta sake faduwa zuwa ƙananan lig saboda matsalolin sakamako da rashin daidaito a wasanni. <ref>Bundesliga Official Reports</ref> Kungiyar tana da magoya baya masu ƙarfi da aminci, musamman a yankin Bielefeld da kewaye. Magoya bayan suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tallafawa kungiyar a lokutan nasara da kuma lokacin ƙalubale. <ref>Fan Culture in German Football</ref> == Manyan 'yan wasa (tsofi da na yanzu) == * Fabian Klos * Stefan Ortega * Ansgar Brinkmann * Michael Rummenigge <ref>Player Profiles – Arminia Bielefeld</ref> == Manazarta == <references/> 0ib1qxod1wn4y26rcwqnqraljhjn4z2 0 149126 829664 2026-05-04T20:57:48Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1327693180|Ruan Carneiro]]" 829664 wikitext text/x-wiki '''7Eudes Ruan de Souza Carneiro''' (an haife shi 28 Maris 1990), wanda aka sani da '''Ruan Carneiro''' ko kuma kawai '''Ruan''', [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Brazil wanda ke taka leda a matsayin [[Mai tsaran raga|mai tsaron gida]] a Juventude . == Sana'a == An haife shi a Balsas, Maranhão, Ruan ya fara buga wasa a babbar ƙungiyar Rio Branco-PR a shekarar 2010. Ya koma Araguaína a shekara mai zuwa, <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 June 2011 |title=Série C: Araguaína apresenta novidades para o técnico Ivo Secchi |trans-title=Série C: Araguaína present news for head coach Ivo Secchi |url=https://www.futebolinterior.com.br/serie-c-araguaina-apresenta-novidades-para-o-tecnico-ivo-secchi/ |access-date=5 August 2025 |publisher=Futebol Interior |language=pt-BR}}</ref> kafin ya sanya hannu a ƙungiyar Vila Nova a watan Satumba na wannan shekarar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 September 2011 |title=Goleiro Ruan troca o Tourão pelo Vila Nova |trans-title=Goalkeeper Ruan switches ''Tourão'' for Vila Nova |url=https://surgiu.com.br/2011/09/23/goleiro-ruan-troca-o-tour%C3%A3o-pelo-vila-nova/ |access-date=5 August 2025 |publisher=Surgiu |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Vila ya sake shi a watan Janairun 2013, <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 January 2013 |title=Diretoria do Vila confirma liberação de Ruan, Morisco, André Luiz e Daniel |trans-title=Vila's board confirm release of Ruan, Morisco, André Luiz and Daniel |url=https://ge.globo.com/go/futebol/times/vila-nova/noticia/2013/01/diretoria-do-vila-confirma-liberacao-de-ruan-morisco-andre-luiz-e-daniel.html |access-date=5 August 2025 |publisher=[[Grupo Globo|ge]] |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Daga baya Ruan ya koma Boa Esporte, <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 January 2013 |title=Com elenco jovem, Boa apresenta 38 jogadores para a temporada 2013 |trans-title=With a young squad, Boa present 38 players for the 2013 season |url=https://ge.globo.com/mg/sul-de-minas/futebol/times/boa-esporte/noticia/2013/01/com-elenco-jovem-boa-apresenta-38-jogadores-para-temporada-2013.html |access-date=5 August 2025 |publisher=[[Grupo Globo|ge]] |language=pt-BR}}</ref> amma ya ƙare kakar wasa a Gurupi . Ya koma Moto Club a kakar wasa ta 2014, kuma ya sabunta kwangilarsa har zuwa ƙarshen shekara a watan Afrilu, inda nan take aka ba shi aro ga Interporto . <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 April 2014 |title=Moto Club garante renovação com o goleiro Ruan |trans-title=Moto Club assure renewal with goalkeeper Ruan |url=https://imirante.com/esporte/maranhao/2014/04/10/moto-club-garante-renovacao-com-o-goleiro-ruan |access-date=5 August 2025 |publisher=Imirante |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Ruan ya koma Moto a watan Yulin 2014 bayan ya lashe gasar Campeonato Tocantinense ta shekarar tare da Interporto, amma an sanar da shi a Sampaio Corrêa a ranar 2 ga Janairun 2015. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 January 2015 |title=Sampaio anuncia a contratação do goleiro Ruan, ex-Moto Club |trans-title=Sampaio announce the signing of goalkeeper Ruan, formerly of Moto Club |url=https://ge.globo.com/ma/futebol/times/sampaio-correa/noticia/2015/01/sampaio-anuncia-contratacao-do-goleiro-ruan-ex-moto-club.html |access-date=5 August 2025 |publisher=[[Grupo Globo|ge]] |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Duk da cewa galibi zaɓi ne na madadin, ya sabunta kwangilarsa na tsawon shekara guda a ranar 4 ga Disamba. <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 December 2015 |title=Goleiro Ruan assina renovação com o Sampaio por mais uma temporada |trans-title=Goalkeeper Ruan signs renewal with Sampaio for a further season |url=https://ge.globo.com/ma/futebol/times/sampaio-correa/noticia/2015/12/goleiro-ruan-assina-renovacao-com-o-sampaio-por-mais-uma-temporada.html |access-date=5 August 2025 |publisher=[[Grupo Globo|ge]] |language=pt-BR}}</ref> A ranar 5 ga Disamba 2016, Ruan ya koma Moto don kamfen mai zuwa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 December 2016 |title=Moto acerta o retorno dos goleiros Ruan e Raphael Barrios para 2017 |trans-title=Moto agree the return of goalkeepers Ruan and Raphael Barrios for 2017 |url=https://ge.globo.com/ma/futebol/times/moto-club/noticia/2016/12/moto-acerta-o-retorno-dos-goleiros-ruan-e-raphael-barrios-para-2017.html |access-date=5 August 2025 |publisher=[[Grupo Globo|ge]] |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Ya ji rauni a gwiwa a watan Yuli mai zuwa, <ref>{{Cite web |date=15 September 2017 |title=Ruan espera por cirurgia no joelho e fala em voltar para 'reconstrução' do Moto Club |trans-title=Ruan waits for knee surgery and talks about coming back for the 'rebuilding' of Moto Club |url=https://ge.globo.com/ma/futebol/times/moto-club/noticia/ruan-espera-por-cirurgia-no-joelho-e-fala-em-volta-para-reconstrucao-do-moto-club.ghtml |access-date=5 August 2025 |publisher=[[Grupo Globo|ge]] |language=pt-BR}}</ref> sannan ya koma Atlético Acreano a watan Afrilun 2018. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 April 2018 |title=Série C: Atlético Acreano contrata Ruan, mas perde Weverton por contusão |trans-title=Série C: Atlético Acreano sign Ruan, but lose Weverton due to injury |url=https://www.futebolinterior.com.br/serie-c-atletico-acreano-contrata-ruan-mas-perde-weverton-por-contusao/ |access-date=5 August 2025 |publisher=Futebol Interior |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Ruan ya tafi Portugal-RJ kafin kakar wasa ta 2019, amma ya koma Atlético a ranar 22 ga Afrilu na wannan shekarar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 April 2019 |title=Atlético-AC anuncia goleiro que defendeu clube da elite do futebol carioca |trans-title=Atlético-AC announce goalkeeper who played for club from the top tier of the ''carioca'' football |url=https://ge.globo.com/ac/futebol/times/atletico-ac/noticia/atletico-ac-anuncia-goleiro-que-defendeu-clube-da-elite-do-futebol-carioca.ghtml |access-date=5 August 2025 |publisher=[[Grupo Globo|ge]] |language=pt-BR}}</ref> A ranar 12 ga Disamba 2019, an sanar da shi a Brusque . <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 December 2019 |title=Goleiro e zagueiro ampliam lista de reforços do Brusque para 2020 |trans-title=Goalkeeper and stopper extend list of additions of Brusque for 2020 |url=https://ge.globo.com/sc/futebol/times/brusque/noticia/goleiro-e-zagueiro-ampliam-lista-de-reforcos-do-brusque-para-2020.ghtml |access-date=5 August 2025 |publisher=[[Grupo Globo|ge]] |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Duk da cewa galibi zaɓi ne na madadin, Ruan ya zaɓi barin ƙungiyar a watan Yulin 2022, bayan ya sami tayi daga wata ƙungiyar Saudiyya, [1] amma daga baya yarjejeniyar ta wargaje, kuma ya sabunta kwangilarsa a watan Nuwamba. [2] A ranar 18 ga Nuwamba 2023, ya bar Quadricolor bayan kakar wasa huɗu, [3] kuma aka sanar da shi a Avenida bayan kwana shida. [4] A ranar 2 ga Afrilu 2024, Ruan ya amince da yarjejeniyar da Figueirense . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 April 2024 |title=Figueirense contrata o goleiro Ruan Carneiro |trans-title=Figueirense sign goalkeeper Ruan Carneiro |url=https://figueirense.com.br/figueirense-contrata-o-goleiro-ruan-carneiro/ |access-date=5 August 2025 |publisher=Figueirense FC |language=pt-BR}}</ref> A ranar 28 ga Maris na shekara mai zuwa, ya bar ƙungiyar ya koma ƙungiyar Juventude ta Série A kan kwantiragi har zuwa ƙarshen kakar wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 March 2025 |title=Juventude anuncia a contratação do goleiro Ruan Carneiro |trans-title=Juventude announce the signing of goalkeeper Ruan Carneiro |url=https://www.juventude.com.br/blog/juventude-anuncia-a-contratacao-do-goleiro-ruan-carneiro |access-date=5 August 2025 |publisher=EC Juventude |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Ruan ya fara buga wasa a matakin farko a gasar kwallon kafa ta Brazil yana da shekaru 35 a ranar 4 ga Agusta 2025, inda ya fara da rashin nasara a waje da Santos da ci 3-1. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1990]] 25be6qmima0t4w6ufegxq9f0yz29uy0 829665 829664 2026-05-04T20:58:29Z Sardeeq 39275 829665 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''7Eudes Ruan de Souza Carneiro''' (an haife shi 28 Maris 1990), wanda aka sani da '''Ruan Carneiro''' ko kuma kawai '''Ruan''', [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Brazil wanda ke taka leda a matsayin [[Mai tsaran raga|mai tsaron gida]] a Juventude . == Sana'a == An haife shi a Balsas, Maranhão, Ruan ya fara buga wasa a babbar ƙungiyar Rio Branco-PR a shekarar 2010. Ya koma Araguaína a shekara mai zuwa, <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 June 2011 |title=Série C: Araguaína apresenta novidades para o técnico Ivo Secchi |trans-title=Série C: Araguaína present news for head coach Ivo Secchi |url=https://www.futebolinterior.com.br/serie-c-araguaina-apresenta-novidades-para-o-tecnico-ivo-secchi/ |access-date=5 August 2025 |publisher=Futebol Interior |language=pt-BR}}</ref> kafin ya sanya hannu a ƙungiyar Vila Nova a watan Satumba na wannan shekarar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 September 2011 |title=Goleiro Ruan troca o Tourão pelo Vila Nova |trans-title=Goalkeeper Ruan switches ''Tourão'' for Vila Nova |url=https://surgiu.com.br/2011/09/23/goleiro-ruan-troca-o-tour%C3%A3o-pelo-vila-nova/ |access-date=5 August 2025 |publisher=Surgiu |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Vila ya sake shi a watan Janairun 2013, <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 January 2013 |title=Diretoria do Vila confirma liberação de Ruan, Morisco, André Luiz e Daniel |trans-title=Vila's board confirm release of Ruan, Morisco, André Luiz and Daniel |url=https://ge.globo.com/go/futebol/times/vila-nova/noticia/2013/01/diretoria-do-vila-confirma-liberacao-de-ruan-morisco-andre-luiz-e-daniel.html |access-date=5 August 2025 |publisher=[[Grupo Globo|ge]] |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Daga baya Ruan ya koma Boa Esporte, <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 January 2013 |title=Com elenco jovem, Boa apresenta 38 jogadores para a temporada 2013 |trans-title=With a young squad, Boa present 38 players for the 2013 season |url=https://ge.globo.com/mg/sul-de-minas/futebol/times/boa-esporte/noticia/2013/01/com-elenco-jovem-boa-apresenta-38-jogadores-para-temporada-2013.html |access-date=5 August 2025 |publisher=[[Grupo Globo|ge]] |language=pt-BR}}</ref> amma ya ƙare kakar wasa a Gurupi . Ya koma Moto Club a kakar wasa ta 2014, kuma ya sabunta kwangilarsa har zuwa ƙarshen shekara a watan Afrilu, inda nan take aka ba shi aro ga Interporto . <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 April 2014 |title=Moto Club garante renovação com o goleiro Ruan |trans-title=Moto Club assure renewal with goalkeeper Ruan |url=https://imirante.com/esporte/maranhao/2014/04/10/moto-club-garante-renovacao-com-o-goleiro-ruan |access-date=5 August 2025 |publisher=Imirante |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Ruan ya koma Moto a watan Yulin 2014 bayan ya lashe gasar Campeonato Tocantinense ta shekarar tare da Interporto, amma an sanar da shi a Sampaio Corrêa a ranar 2 ga Janairun 2015. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 January 2015 |title=Sampaio anuncia a contratação do goleiro Ruan, ex-Moto Club |trans-title=Sampaio announce the signing of goalkeeper Ruan, formerly of Moto Club |url=https://ge.globo.com/ma/futebol/times/sampaio-correa/noticia/2015/01/sampaio-anuncia-contratacao-do-goleiro-ruan-ex-moto-club.html |access-date=5 August 2025 |publisher=[[Grupo Globo|ge]] |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Duk da cewa galibi zaɓi ne na madadin, ya sabunta kwangilarsa na tsawon shekara guda a ranar 4 ga Disamba. <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 December 2015 |title=Goleiro Ruan assina renovação com o Sampaio por mais uma temporada |trans-title=Goalkeeper Ruan signs renewal with Sampaio for a further season |url=https://ge.globo.com/ma/futebol/times/sampaio-correa/noticia/2015/12/goleiro-ruan-assina-renovacao-com-o-sampaio-por-mais-uma-temporada.html |access-date=5 August 2025 |publisher=[[Grupo Globo|ge]] |language=pt-BR}}</ref> A ranar 5 ga Disamba 2016, Ruan ya koma Moto don kamfen mai zuwa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 December 2016 |title=Moto acerta o retorno dos goleiros Ruan e Raphael Barrios para 2017 |trans-title=Moto agree the return of goalkeepers Ruan and Raphael Barrios for 2017 |url=https://ge.globo.com/ma/futebol/times/moto-club/noticia/2016/12/moto-acerta-o-retorno-dos-goleiros-ruan-e-raphael-barrios-para-2017.html |access-date=5 August 2025 |publisher=[[Grupo Globo|ge]] |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Ya ji rauni a gwiwa a watan Yuli mai zuwa, <ref>{{Cite web |date=15 September 2017 |title=Ruan espera por cirurgia no joelho e fala em voltar para 'reconstrução' do Moto Club |trans-title=Ruan waits for knee surgery and talks about coming back for the 'rebuilding' of Moto Club |url=https://ge.globo.com/ma/futebol/times/moto-club/noticia/ruan-espera-por-cirurgia-no-joelho-e-fala-em-volta-para-reconstrucao-do-moto-club.ghtml |access-date=5 August 2025 |publisher=[[Grupo Globo|ge]] |language=pt-BR}}</ref> sannan ya koma Atlético Acreano a watan Afrilun 2018. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 April 2018 |title=Série C: Atlético Acreano contrata Ruan, mas perde Weverton por contusão |trans-title=Série C: Atlético Acreano sign Ruan, but lose Weverton due to injury |url=https://www.futebolinterior.com.br/serie-c-atletico-acreano-contrata-ruan-mas-perde-weverton-por-contusao/ |access-date=5 August 2025 |publisher=Futebol Interior |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Ruan ya tafi Portugal-RJ kafin kakar wasa ta 2019, amma ya koma Atlético a ranar 22 ga Afrilu na wannan shekarar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 April 2019 |title=Atlético-AC anuncia goleiro que defendeu clube da elite do futebol carioca |trans-title=Atlético-AC announce goalkeeper who played for club from the top tier of the ''carioca'' football |url=https://ge.globo.com/ac/futebol/times/atletico-ac/noticia/atletico-ac-anuncia-goleiro-que-defendeu-clube-da-elite-do-futebol-carioca.ghtml |access-date=5 August 2025 |publisher=[[Grupo Globo|ge]] |language=pt-BR}}</ref> A ranar 12 ga Disamba 2019, an sanar da shi a Brusque . <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 December 2019 |title=Goleiro e zagueiro ampliam lista de reforços do Brusque para 2020 |trans-title=Goalkeeper and stopper extend list of additions of Brusque for 2020 |url=https://ge.globo.com/sc/futebol/times/brusque/noticia/goleiro-e-zagueiro-ampliam-lista-de-reforcos-do-brusque-para-2020.ghtml |access-date=5 August 2025 |publisher=[[Grupo Globo|ge]] |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Duk da cewa galibi zaɓi ne na madadin, Ruan ya zaɓi barin ƙungiyar a watan Yulin 2022, bayan ya sami tayi daga wata ƙungiyar Saudiyya, [1] amma daga baya yarjejeniyar ta wargaje, kuma ya sabunta kwangilarsa a watan Nuwamba. [2] A ranar 18 ga Nuwamba 2023, ya bar Quadricolor bayan kakar wasa huɗu, [3] kuma aka sanar da shi a Avenida bayan kwana shida. [4] A ranar 2 ga Afrilu 2024, Ruan ya amince da yarjejeniyar da Figueirense . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 April 2024 |title=Figueirense contrata o goleiro Ruan Carneiro |trans-title=Figueirense sign goalkeeper Ruan Carneiro |url=https://figueirense.com.br/figueirense-contrata-o-goleiro-ruan-carneiro/ |access-date=5 August 2025 |publisher=Figueirense FC |language=pt-BR}}</ref> A ranar 28 ga Maris na shekara mai zuwa, ya bar ƙungiyar ya koma ƙungiyar Juventude ta Série A kan kwantiragi har zuwa ƙarshen kakar wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 March 2025 |title=Juventude anuncia a contratação do goleiro Ruan Carneiro |trans-title=Juventude announce the signing of goalkeeper Ruan Carneiro |url=https://www.juventude.com.br/blog/juventude-anuncia-a-contratacao-do-goleiro-ruan-carneiro |access-date=5 August 2025 |publisher=EC Juventude |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Ruan ya fara buga wasa a matakin farko a gasar kwallon kafa ta Brazil yana da shekaru 35 a ranar 4 ga Agusta 2025, inda ya fara da rashin nasara a waje da Santos da ci 3-1. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1990]] dj4ham7t00ybrp27zxdjiatb0s0kda7 0 149127 829667 2026-05-04T20:59:38Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1340491324|Thomas Ben-Hur]]" 829667 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Thomas Ben-Hur Sena Rojo Vega''' (an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Mayu 1996), wanda aka fi sani da '''Thomas Ben-Hur''' ko kuma kawai '''Ben-Hur''', [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Brazil wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|ɗan wasan baya na dama]] ga Boavista . == Sana'a == An haife shi a Ubatuba, São Paulo, ga mahaifin ɗan ƙasar Chile da kuma mahaifiyar ɗan ƙasar Brazil, Ben-Hur ya buga wa ƙungiyoyi da dama a jiharsa ta haihuwa kafin ya koma ƙungiyar matasan Audax Italiano a shekarar 2015. [1] Bayan wani lokaci tare da José Bonifácio a ƙasarsa ta haihuwa a shekarar 2017, ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar Potiguar de Mossoró a ranar 5 ga Janairu, 2018. [2] A ranar 24 ga Maris 2019, Ben-Hur ya shiga Flamengo-SP . <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 March 2019 |title=Fechado com o Mengo! |trans-title=Signed with ''Mengo''! |url=https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=2128359387199754&id=442613245774385&set=a.450470441655332 |access-date=5 August 2024 |website=AA Flamengo |publisher=[[Facebook]] |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Mai farawa na yau da kullun yayin da kulob din ya yi rashin nasara daga Campeonato Paulista Segunda Divisão, daga baya ya taka leda a Galvez da Nacional-PR a kakar 2020. Ben-Hur ya koma Galvez kafin kakar wasa ta 2021, amma ya sanya hannu a Atletico Acreano a watan Yuni na wannan shekarar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 June 2021 |title=Atlético-AC repatria Miller e Marcelo; Thomas Ben-Hur deve ser a novidade |trans-title=Atlético-AC bring back Miller and Marcelo; Thomas Ben-Hur may be the news |url=https://namarcadacal.com.br/atletico-ac-repatria-miller-e-marcelo-thomas-ben-hur-deve-ser-a-novidade/ |access-date=5 August 2024 |publisher=Na Marca da Cal |language=pt-BR}}</ref> A ranar 28 ga Disamba, an sanar da shi a Resende . <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 December 2021 |title=Resende contrata lateral-direito Thomas Ben-Hur |trans-title=Resende sign right-back Thomas Ben-Hur |url=https://odia.ig.com.br/resende/2021/12/6306056-resende-contrata-lateral-direito-thomas-ben-hur.html |access-date=5 August 2024 |publisher=[[O Dia]] |language=pt-BR}}</ref> A cikin Disamba 2022, bayan wakiltar Nacional de Muriaé da Trindade, Ben-Hur ya amince da yarjejeniya da Sertãozinho . <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 December 2022 |title=Veja como está o elenco do Sertãozinho para a Série A3 do Campeonato Paulista 2023 |trans-title=See the squad of Sertãozinho for the 2023 Campeonato Paulista Série A3 |url=https://escanteiosp.com.br/serie-a3/veja-como-esta-o-elenco-do-sertaozinho-para-a-serie-a3-do-campeonato-paulista-2023/ |access-date=5 August 2024 |publisher=Escanteio SP |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Ya koma Boa Esporte akan 28 Afrilu 2023, <ref>{{Cite tweet|user=boaesporteclub_|date=28 April 2023|title=Bem-vindo, Ben-Hur!|trans-title=Welcome, Ben-Hur!|language=pt-BR|accessdate=5 August 2024}}</ref> kafin a ba shi rance ga CEOV akan 26 Yuli. <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 July 2023 |title=Ben-Hur é emprestado e deixa Boa Esporte na reta final do Hexagonal do Módulo 2 do Mineiro |trans-title=Ben-Hur is loaned out and leaves Boa Esporte in the final rounds of the hexagonal of the Mineiro Módulo 2 |url=https://ge.globo.com/mg/sul-de-minas/futebol/times/boa-esporte/noticia/2023/07/26/ben-hur-e-emprestado-e-deixa-boa-esporte-na-reta-final-do-hexagonal-do-modulo-2-do-mineiro.ghtml |access-date=5 August 2024 |publisher=[[Grupo Globo|ge]] |language=pt-BR}}</ref> A ranar 20 ga Disamba 2023, an gabatar da Ben-Hur a cikin tawagar Jataiense don kamfen ɗin da ke tafe. <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 December 2023 |title=Jataiense apresenta elenco para 2024 |trans-title=Jataiense present squad for 2024 |url=https://www.futebolgoiano.com.br/jataiense-apresenta-elenco-para-2024/ |access-date=5 August 2024 |publisher=Futebol Goiano |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Ya koma Santo André a ranar 5 ga Afrilu, kafin a sanar da shi a Portugal a ranar 26 ga Yuli 2024. <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 July 2024 |title=Portuguesa oficializa a contratação do lateral Ben-Hur |trans-title=Portuguesa turn official the signing of full-back Ben-Hur |url=https://netlusa.com.br/noticias-da-portuguesa/portuguesa-oficializa-a-contratacao-do-lateral-ben-hur |access-date=5 August 2024 |publisher=NetLusa |language=pt-BR}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1996]] oy7yedh2r8ey7brcg0ywnvr4z2dksys 829668 829667 2026-05-04T21:00:08Z Sardeeq 39275 829668 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Thomas Ben-Hur Sena Rojo Vega''' (an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Mayu 1996), wanda aka fi sani da '''Thomas Ben-Hur''' ko kuma kawai '''Ben-Hur''', [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Brazil wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|ɗan wasan baya na dama]] ga Boavista . == Sana'a == An haife shi a Ubatuba, São Paulo, ga mahaifin ɗan ƙasar Chile da kuma mahaifiyar ɗan ƙasar Brazil, Ben-Hur ya buga wa ƙungiyoyi da dama a jiharsa ta haihuwa kafin ya koma ƙungiyar matasan Audax Italiano a shekarar 2015. [1] Bayan wani lokaci tare da José Bonifácio a ƙasarsa ta haihuwa a shekarar 2017, ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar Potiguar de Mossoró a ranar 5 ga Janairu, 2018. [2] A ranar 24 ga Maris 2019, Ben-Hur ya shiga Flamengo-SP . <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 March 2019 |title=Fechado com o Mengo! |trans-title=Signed with ''Mengo''! |url=https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=2128359387199754&id=442613245774385&set=a.450470441655332 |access-date=5 August 2024 |website=AA Flamengo |publisher=[[Facebook]] |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Mai farawa na yau da kullun yayin da kulob din ya yi rashin nasara daga Campeonato Paulista Segunda Divisão, daga baya ya taka leda a Galvez da Nacional-PR a kakar 2020. Ben-Hur ya koma Galvez kafin kakar wasa ta 2021, amma ya sanya hannu a Atletico Acreano a watan Yuni na wannan shekarar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 June 2021 |title=Atlético-AC repatria Miller e Marcelo; Thomas Ben-Hur deve ser a novidade |trans-title=Atlético-AC bring back Miller and Marcelo; Thomas Ben-Hur may be the news |url=https://namarcadacal.com.br/atletico-ac-repatria-miller-e-marcelo-thomas-ben-hur-deve-ser-a-novidade/ |access-date=5 August 2024 |publisher=Na Marca da Cal |language=pt-BR}}</ref> A ranar 28 ga Disamba, an sanar da shi a Resende . <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 December 2021 |title=Resende contrata lateral-direito Thomas Ben-Hur |trans-title=Resende sign right-back Thomas Ben-Hur |url=https://odia.ig.com.br/resende/2021/12/6306056-resende-contrata-lateral-direito-thomas-ben-hur.html |access-date=5 August 2024 |publisher=[[O Dia]] |language=pt-BR}}</ref> A cikin Disamba 2022, bayan wakiltar Nacional de Muriaé da Trindade, Ben-Hur ya amince da yarjejeniya da Sertãozinho . <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 December 2022 |title=Veja como está o elenco do Sertãozinho para a Série A3 do Campeonato Paulista 2023 |trans-title=See the squad of Sertãozinho for the 2023 Campeonato Paulista Série A3 |url=https://escanteiosp.com.br/serie-a3/veja-como-esta-o-elenco-do-sertaozinho-para-a-serie-a3-do-campeonato-paulista-2023/ |access-date=5 August 2024 |publisher=Escanteio SP |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Ya koma Boa Esporte akan 28 Afrilu 2023, <ref>{{Cite tweet|user=boaesporteclub_|date=28 April 2023|title=Bem-vindo, Ben-Hur!|trans-title=Welcome, Ben-Hur!|language=pt-BR|accessdate=5 August 2024}}</ref> kafin a ba shi rance ga CEOV akan 26 Yuli. <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 July 2023 |title=Ben-Hur é emprestado e deixa Boa Esporte na reta final do Hexagonal do Módulo 2 do Mineiro |trans-title=Ben-Hur is loaned out and leaves Boa Esporte in the final rounds of the hexagonal of the Mineiro Módulo 2 |url=https://ge.globo.com/mg/sul-de-minas/futebol/times/boa-esporte/noticia/2023/07/26/ben-hur-e-emprestado-e-deixa-boa-esporte-na-reta-final-do-hexagonal-do-modulo-2-do-mineiro.ghtml |access-date=5 August 2024 |publisher=[[Grupo Globo|ge]] |language=pt-BR}}</ref> A ranar 20 ga Disamba 2023, an gabatar da Ben-Hur a cikin tawagar Jataiense don kamfen ɗin da ke tafe. <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 December 2023 |title=Jataiense apresenta elenco para 2024 |trans-title=Jataiense present squad for 2024 |url=https://www.futebolgoiano.com.br/jataiense-apresenta-elenco-para-2024/ |access-date=5 August 2024 |publisher=Futebol Goiano |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Ya koma Santo André a ranar 5 ga Afrilu, kafin a sanar da shi a Portugal a ranar 26 ga Yuli 2024. <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 July 2024 |title=Portuguesa oficializa a contratação do lateral Ben-Hur |trans-title=Portuguesa turn official the signing of full-back Ben-Hur |url=https://netlusa.com.br/noticias-da-portuguesa/portuguesa-oficializa-a-contratacao-do-lateral-ben-hur |access-date=5 August 2024 |publisher=NetLusa |language=pt-BR}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1996]] 35iuhn4jqw9ncxy9os1gye571x1dadw 0 149128 829669 2026-05-04T21:01:06Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1322208800|Anderson (footballer, born 1981)]]" 829669 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Andrade Santos Silva''' (an haife shi a ranar 14 ga Disamba 1981), wanda aka fi sani da '''Anderson''', tsohon ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Brazil wanda ya taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|mai tsaron baya]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ânderson |url=http://www.90minut.pl/kariera.php?id=6624 |access-date=2009-04-08 |publisher=90 Minut}}</ref> == Aikin kulob == A baya Anderson ya taka leda a Juventude da Santa Cruz a Campeonato Brasileiro Série A da Copa do Brasil . [1] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1981]] 6emu3mcg6hwky5riv9texk1vltenhdn 829671 829669 2026-05-04T21:01:30Z Sardeeq 39275 829671 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Andrade Santos Silva''' (an haife shi a ranar 14 ga Disamba 1981), wanda aka fi sani da '''Anderson''', tsohon ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Brazil wanda ya taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|mai tsaron baya]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ânderson |url=http://www.90minut.pl/kariera.php?id=6624 |access-date=2009-04-08 |publisher=90 Minut}}</ref> == Aikin kulob == A baya Anderson ya taka leda a Juventude da Santa Cruz a Campeonato Brasileiro Série A da Copa do Brasil . [1] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1981]] 3vx1rpd0d4gzwcpymr0ameg9lfzyrx1 0 149129 829670 2026-05-04T21:01:23Z Saad Nuhu 43323 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox kungiyar kwallon kafa | suna = DSC Arminia Bielefeld | lakabi = Die Arminen | kafa = 3 Mayu 1905 | birni = Bielefeld, Jamus | filin wasa = SchücoArena | iya dauka = kusan 26,500 | shugaban kungiya = Hans-Jürgen Laufer | mai horaswa = Mitch Kniat | gasar = 3. Liga | launuka = Shuɗi da fari }} '''DSC Arminia Bielefeld''' (wanda aka fi sani da '''Arminia Bielefeld''' ko '''Die Arminen''') ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta ƙasar Jamus wadda ke a garin Bielefeld, a jihar... 829670 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox kungiyar kwallon kafa | suna = DSC Arminia Bielefeld | lakabi = Die Arminen | kafa = 3 Mayu 1905 | birni = Bielefeld, Jamus | filin wasa = SchücoArena | iya dauka = kusan 26,500 | shugaban kungiya = Hans-Jürgen Laufer | mai horaswa = Mitch Kniat | gasar = 3. Liga | launuka = Shuɗi da fari }} '''DSC Arminia Bielefeld''' (wanda aka fi sani da '''Arminia Bielefeld''' ko '''Die Arminen''') ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta ƙasar Jamus wadda ke a garin Bielefeld, a jihar North Rhine-Westphalia. An kafa ƙungiyar a shekarar 1905 kuma tana daga cikin tsofaffin ƙungiyoyin ƙwallo a Jamus. <ref>DSC Arminia Bielefeld Official History</ref> Ƙungiyar tana buga wasanninta na gida a filin wasa na '''SchücoArena''', wanda ke da damar ɗaukar sama da magoya baya dubu ashirin da shida. Wannan fili yana daga cikin sanannun filayen wasa a yankin, kuma yana da tarihi mai tsawo tare da ƙungiyar. <ref>SchücoArena Stadium Information</ref> Arminia Bielefeld ta shafe shekaru da dama tana yin wasa tsakanin manyan rukunan gasar Jamus, ciki har da '''Bundesliga''' da '''2. Bundesliga'''. Duk da cewa ba ta da manyan kofuna masu yawa, ƙungiyar ta yi fice wajen dagewa da kuma komawa manyan rukuni akai-akai. <ref>German Football League Records</ref> Lakabin ƙungiyar '''“Die Arminen”''' ya samo asali ne daga sunan wani jarumi na tarihi mai suna Arminius, wanda ya shahara a tarihin Jamus. Wannan suna yana nuna jarumtaka da ƙarfi, wanda ya zama alamar ƙungiyar. <ref>Origin of Arminia Name</ref> A shekarar 2020, Arminia Bielefeld ta samu nasarar komawa gasar Bundesliga bayan ta lashe gasar 2. Bundesliga. Wannan ya kasance babbar nasara ga ƙungiyar bayan shekaru da dama na ƙoƙari. <ref>2. Bundesliga 2019/2020 Season</ref> Duk da haka, ƙungiyar ta fuskanci sauye-sauye a matakin wasa, inda ta sake sauka zuwa ƙananan rukuni a shekarun baya-bayan nan, kuma a halin yanzu tana fafatawa a gasar '''3. Liga'''. <ref>Recent League Performance</ref> Magoya bayan Arminia Bielefeld suna da aminci sosai ga ƙungiyar, kuma suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen ƙarfafa ‘yan wasa a duk lokacin da ake wasa, musamman a gida. <ref>Fan Culture in German Football</ref> == Manazarta == <references/> l92mk1haso0j6wul2ejbmjkonpzdf2d 829672 829670 2026-05-04T21:01:52Z Saad Nuhu 43323 829672 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox kungiyar kwallon kafa | suna = DSC Arminia Bielefeld | lakabi = Die Arminen | kafa = 3 Mayu 1905 | birni = Bielefeld, Jamus | filin wasa = SchücoArena | iya dauka = kusan 26,500 | shugaban kungiya = Hans-Jürgen Laufer | mai horaswa = Mitch Kniat | gasar = 3. Liga | launuka = Shuɗi da fari }} '''DSC Arminia Bielefeld''' (wanda aka fi sani da '''Arminia Bielefeld''' ko '''Die Arminen''') ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta ƙasar Jamus wadda ke a garin Bielefeld, a jihar North Rhine-Westphalia. An kafa ƙungiyar a shekarar 1905 kuma tana daga cikin tsofaffin ƙungiyoyin ƙwallo a [[Jamus]]. <ref>DSC Arminia Bielefeld Official History</ref> Ƙungiyar tana buga wasanninta na gida a filin wasa na '''SchücoArena''', wanda ke da damar ɗaukar sama da magoya baya dubu ashirin da shida. Wannan fili yana daga cikin sanannun filayen wasa a yankin, kuma yana da tarihi mai tsawo tare da ƙungiyar. <ref>SchücoArena Stadium Information</ref> Arminia Bielefeld ta shafe shekaru da dama tana yin wasa tsakanin manyan rukunan gasar Jamus, ciki har da '''Bundesliga''' da '''2. Bundesliga'''. Duk da cewa ba ta da manyan kofuna masu yawa, ƙungiyar ta yi fice wajen dagewa da kuma komawa manyan rukuni akai-akai. <ref>German Football League Records</ref> Lakabin ƙungiyar '''“Die Arminen”''' ya samo asali ne daga sunan wani jarumi na tarihi mai suna Arminius, wanda ya shahara a tarihin Jamus. Wannan suna yana nuna jarumtaka da ƙarfi, wanda ya zama alamar ƙungiyar. <ref>Origin of Arminia Name</ref> A shekarar 2020, Arminia Bielefeld ta samu nasarar komawa gasar Bundesliga bayan ta lashe gasar 2. Bundesliga. Wannan ya kasance babbar nasara ga ƙungiyar bayan shekaru da dama na ƙoƙari. <ref>2. Bundesliga 2019/2020 Season</ref> Duk da haka, ƙungiyar ta fuskanci sauye-sauye a matakin wasa, inda ta sake sauka zuwa ƙananan rukuni a shekarun baya-bayan nan, kuma a halin yanzu tana fafatawa a gasar '''3. Liga'''. <ref>Recent League Performance</ref> Magoya bayan Arminia Bielefeld suna da aminci sosai ga ƙungiyar, kuma suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen ƙarfafa ‘yan wasa a duk lokacin da ake wasa, musamman a gida. <ref>Fan Culture in German Football</ref> == Manazarta == <references/> 3bwonzb241f3do49ooolw6utaar4wyk 829673 829672 2026-05-04T21:02:23Z Saad Nuhu 43323 829673 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox kungiyar kwallon kafa | suna = DSC Arminia Bielefeld | lakabi = Die Arminen | kafa = 3 Mayu 1905 | birni = Bielefeld, Jamus | filin wasa = SchücoArena | iya dauka = kusan 26,500 | shugaban kungiya = Hans-Jürgen Laufer | mai horaswa = Mitch Kniat | gasar = 3. Liga | launuka = Shuɗi da fari }} '''DSC Arminia Bielefeld''' (wanda aka fi sani da '''Arminia Bielefeld''' ko '''Die Arminen''') ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta ƙasar Jamus wadda ke a garin Bielefeld, a jihar North Rhine-Westphalia. An kafa ƙungiyar a shekarar 1905 kuma tana daga cikin tsofaffin ƙungiyoyin ƙwallo a [[Jamus]]. <ref>DSC Arminia Bielefeld Official History</ref> Ƙungiyar tana buga wasanninta na gida a filin wasa na '''SchücoArena''', wanda ke da damar ɗaukar sama da magoya baya dubu ashirin da shida. Wannan fili yana daga cikin sanannun filayen wasa a yankin, kuma yana da tarihi mai tsawo tare da ƙungiyar. <ref>SchücoArena Stadium Information</ref> Arminia Bielefeld ta shafe shekaru da dama tana yin wasa tsakanin manyan rukunan gasar Jamus, ciki har da '''[[Bundesliga]]''' da '''2. Bundesliga'''. Duk da cewa ba ta da manyan kofuna masu yawa, ƙungiyar ta yi fice wajen dagewa da kuma komawa manyan rukuni akai-akai. <ref>German Football League Records</ref> Lakabin ƙungiyar '''“Die Arminen”''' ya samo asali ne daga sunan wani jarumi na tarihi mai suna Arminius, wanda ya shahara a tarihin Jamus. Wannan suna yana nuna jarumtaka da ƙarfi, wanda ya zama alamar ƙungiyar. <ref>Origin of Arminia Name</ref> A shekarar 2020, Arminia Bielefeld ta samu nasarar komawa gasar Bundesliga bayan ta lashe gasar 2. Bundesliga. Wannan ya kasance babbar nasara ga ƙungiyar bayan shekaru da dama na ƙoƙari. <ref>2. Bundesliga 2019/2020 Season</ref> Duk da haka, ƙungiyar ta fuskanci sauye-sauye a matakin wasa, inda ta sake sauka zuwa ƙananan rukuni a shekarun baya-bayan nan, kuma a halin yanzu tana fafatawa a gasar '''3. Liga'''. <ref>Recent League Performance</ref> Magoya bayan Arminia Bielefeld suna da aminci sosai ga ƙungiyar, kuma suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen ƙarfafa ‘yan wasa a duk lokacin da ake wasa, musamman a gida. <ref>Fan Culture in German Football</ref> == Manazarta == <references/> dlyqd0aocd1cacadyv3o6emowmw68t1 0 149130 829674 2026-05-04T21:02:54Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1351994355|Paulo Almeida]]" 829674 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Paulo Almeida Santos''' (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga Afrilu 1981), wanda aka fi sani da '''Paulo Almeida''', [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] ɗan ƙasar Brazil wanda ya yi ritaya wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya mai tsaron baya]] . [[Mai buga tsakiya|Dan wasan tsakiya mai tsaron baya]] wanda aka san shi da jagorancinsa, shi ne kyaftin ɗin ƙungiyar Santos, wanda aka yi wa lakabi da ''Meninos da Vila'', wanda ya lashe gasar Brasileirão ta 2002, ta farko tun 1968. Bayan ya wakilci Santos a gasar cin kofin Copa Libertadores ta farko cikin shekaru arba'in, Almeida ya yi rashin nasara a Benfica tsakanin 2004 da 2006. Bayan haka, ya wakilci wasu ƙungiyoyi goma sha biyu a Brazil. An kira shi don wakiltar Brazil 'yan ƙasa da shekara 23 a gasar cin kofin zinare ta CONCACAF ta 2003, inda ya lashe wasanni biyar yayin da Brazil ta kammala matsayi na biyu. == Aikin kulob == An haife shi a Itarantim, Bahia, kuma aikinsa na Almeida ya fara ne a gasar futsal ta yankin, wanda daga ƙarshe ya kai shi ga yin wasa na tsawon watanni bakwai a Cruzeiro a 1997. Bayan Cruzeiro ta sake shi, ya koma futsal kuma ya yi rawar gani a gasar yanki. <ref name="first" /> Luciano Lacerda ya gan shi ya kawo shi Santos . <ref name="first" /> A shekara ta 2000, ɗan shekara 19 ya fara buga wasa a ƙungiyar farko a wasan da suka yi da Guarani, kuma ya ci gaba da kafa kansa a cikin ƙungiyar farko, inda ya maye gurbin Freddy Rincón a cikin 'yan wasa goma sha ɗaya da suka fara wasa. [[Pele|Pelé]] ya bayyana shi a matsayin wanda yake da irin wannan ruhi kamar Zito : "Yaƙi ne a gare shi koyaushe, mutum ne wanda ba ya rasa zaman horo saboda koyaushe yana son zama mafi kyau. Abin dariya ne, yadda suke haɗuwa a Santos. An tabbatar da shi a matsayin ɗan wasa mai makoma, mai halaye da yawa." <ref name="second" /> Yana da shekaru 20, an nada shi kyaftin kuma a shekara mai zuwa, Almeida da wasu kamar Diego, Robinho, Renato da Elano, wanda aka fi sani da ''Meninos da Vila'', sun taimaka wa Santos lashe gasar Brasileirão ta farko tun 1968. Ya ci gaba da kasancewa a cikin 'yan wasa na yau da kullun a 2003, inda ya taimaka wa Santos ta kai wasan karshe na Copa Libertadores tun 1963, inda ya sha kashi a hannun Boca Juniors . <ref name="second" /> A watan Janairun 2004, Santos ya yi kokarin sabunta kwangilarsa amma Almeida ya ki. Bayan watanni uku aka sanar da cewa zai koma Benfica da canja wuri kyauta idan kwangilarsa ta kare. Duk da cewa har yanzu yana fafatawa a farkon matakin Brasileirão, a farkon watan Yuni, Vanderlei Luxemburgo ya sake shi a hukumance. Ya fara buga wa Benfica wasa a wasan neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai da Anderlecht . Duk da cewa an san shi a Brazil, Almeida ya yi fama da rashin daidaito da yanayin kwallon kafa na Turai, kuma a watan Nuwamba an yi hasashen cewa za a ba shi aro. An ba shi tayin komawa Santos a wani tayi da Benfica ta yi masa, kuma yayin da kakar wasa ke ci gaba, ya yi kasa a gwiwa aka mayar da shi zuwa kungiyar da ke da 'yan wasa . Bayan rashin samun kungiya a lokacin bazara na 2005, Almeida ya ci gaba da kasancewa tare da kungiyar B kuma ya fafata a matakin rukuni na uku, har sai da ya zabi ya dakatar da kwantiraginsa da Benfica a watan Afrilun 2006. Almeida ya koma Brazil kuma a watan Yuni, ya sanya hannu da Corinthians, inda ya sake hadewa da Émerson Leão . Ya fara buga wasa a ranar 5 ga Agusta da Clube Atlético Paranaense, kuma ya wakilci kungiyar har zuwa watan Yulin 2007, lokacin da ya soke kwantiraginsa. Kulob dinsa na gaba shine Náutico wanda ya buga wasa tsakanin Disamba 2007 da Agusta 2008. Almeida ya canza kulake kusan kowane wata shida, yana wucewa ta União Esporte Clube, Goianésia, Rio Branco, Itumbiara, da sauransu. == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == Almeida ya wakilci ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa sau biyar, dukkansu a gasar cin kofin zinare ta CONCACAF ta 2003, inda Brazil ta tura ƙungiyar ' yan ƙasa da shekara 23, saboda babbar ƙungiyarsu tana fafatawa a gasar cin kofin FIFA Confederations ta 2003. [1] Duk da haka, duk fitowar da kwallaye da aka zura a wannan gasar FIFA ta amince da su a matsayin cikakkun 'yan wasa na ƙasashen waje. [2] Almeida ya buga wasa da abokan wasansa, Robinho da Diego, da kuma wasu kamar Kaká da Nilmar, inda Brazil ta kai wasan ƙarshe, inda ta sha kashi da ci ɗaya da nema tare da Mexico . [3] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1981]] b2eqleqfijpk7ycr3azlj31pmzl3sz0 829675 829674 2026-05-04T21:03:18Z Sardeeq 39275 829675 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Paulo Almeida Santos''' (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga Afrilu 1981), wanda aka fi sani da '''Paulo Almeida''', [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] ɗan ƙasar Brazil wanda ya yi ritaya wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya mai tsaron baya]] . [[Mai buga tsakiya|Dan wasan tsakiya mai tsaron baya]] wanda aka san shi da jagorancinsa, shi ne kyaftin ɗin ƙungiyar Santos, wanda aka yi wa lakabi da ''Meninos da Vila'', wanda ya lashe gasar Brasileirão ta 2002, ta farko tun 1968. Bayan ya wakilci Santos a gasar cin kofin Copa Libertadores ta farko cikin shekaru arba'in, Almeida ya yi rashin nasara a Benfica tsakanin 2004 da 2006. Bayan haka, ya wakilci wasu ƙungiyoyi goma sha biyu a Brazil. An kira shi don wakiltar Brazil 'yan ƙasa da shekara 23 a gasar cin kofin zinare ta CONCACAF ta 2003, inda ya lashe wasanni biyar yayin da Brazil ta kammala matsayi na biyu. == Aikin kulob == An haife shi a Itarantim, Bahia, kuma aikinsa na Almeida ya fara ne a gasar futsal ta yankin, wanda daga ƙarshe ya kai shi ga yin wasa na tsawon watanni bakwai a Cruzeiro a 1997. Bayan Cruzeiro ta sake shi, ya koma futsal kuma ya yi rawar gani a gasar yanki. <ref name="first" /> Luciano Lacerda ya gan shi ya kawo shi Santos . <ref name="first" /> A shekara ta 2000, ɗan shekara 19 ya fara buga wasa a ƙungiyar farko a wasan da suka yi da Guarani, kuma ya ci gaba da kafa kansa a cikin ƙungiyar farko, inda ya maye gurbin Freddy Rincón a cikin 'yan wasa goma sha ɗaya da suka fara wasa. [[Pele|Pelé]] ya bayyana shi a matsayin wanda yake da irin wannan ruhi kamar Zito : "Yaƙi ne a gare shi koyaushe, mutum ne wanda ba ya rasa zaman horo saboda koyaushe yana son zama mafi kyau. Abin dariya ne, yadda suke haɗuwa a Santos. An tabbatar da shi a matsayin ɗan wasa mai makoma, mai halaye da yawa." <ref name="second" /> Yana da shekaru 20, an nada shi kyaftin kuma a shekara mai zuwa, Almeida da wasu kamar Diego, Robinho, Renato da Elano, wanda aka fi sani da ''Meninos da Vila'', sun taimaka wa Santos lashe gasar Brasileirão ta farko tun 1968. Ya ci gaba da kasancewa a cikin 'yan wasa na yau da kullun a 2003, inda ya taimaka wa Santos ta kai wasan karshe na Copa Libertadores tun 1963, inda ya sha kashi a hannun Boca Juniors . <ref name="second" /> A watan Janairun 2004, Santos ya yi kokarin sabunta kwangilarsa amma Almeida ya ki. Bayan watanni uku aka sanar da cewa zai koma Benfica da canja wuri kyauta idan kwangilarsa ta kare. Duk da cewa har yanzu yana fafatawa a farkon matakin Brasileirão, a farkon watan Yuni, Vanderlei Luxemburgo ya sake shi a hukumance. Ya fara buga wa Benfica wasa a wasan neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai da Anderlecht . Duk da cewa an san shi a Brazil, Almeida ya yi fama da rashin daidaito da yanayin kwallon kafa na Turai, kuma a watan Nuwamba an yi hasashen cewa za a ba shi aro. An ba shi tayin komawa Santos a wani tayi da Benfica ta yi masa, kuma yayin da kakar wasa ke ci gaba, ya yi kasa a gwiwa aka mayar da shi zuwa kungiyar da ke da 'yan wasa . Bayan rashin samun kungiya a lokacin bazara na 2005, Almeida ya ci gaba da kasancewa tare da kungiyar B kuma ya fafata a matakin rukuni na uku, har sai da ya zabi ya dakatar da kwantiraginsa da Benfica a watan Afrilun 2006. Almeida ya koma Brazil kuma a watan Yuni, ya sanya hannu da Corinthians, inda ya sake hadewa da Émerson Leão . Ya fara buga wasa a ranar 5 ga Agusta da Clube Atlético Paranaense, kuma ya wakilci kungiyar har zuwa watan Yulin 2007, lokacin da ya soke kwantiraginsa. Kulob dinsa na gaba shine Náutico wanda ya buga wasa tsakanin Disamba 2007 da Agusta 2008. Almeida ya canza kulake kusan kowane wata shida, yana wucewa ta União Esporte Clube, Goianésia, Rio Branco, Itumbiara, da sauransu. == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == Almeida ya wakilci ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa sau biyar, dukkansu a gasar cin kofin zinare ta CONCACAF ta 2003, inda Brazil ta tura ƙungiyar ' yan ƙasa da shekara 23, saboda babbar ƙungiyarsu tana fafatawa a gasar cin kofin FIFA Confederations ta 2003. [1] Duk da haka, duk fitowar da kwallaye da aka zura a wannan gasar FIFA ta amince da su a matsayin cikakkun 'yan wasa na ƙasashen waje. [2] Almeida ya buga wasa da abokan wasansa, Robinho da Diego, da kuma wasu kamar Kaká da Nilmar, inda Brazil ta kai wasan ƙarshe, inda ta sha kashi da ci ɗaya da nema tare da Mexico . [3] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1981]] mnh4p804t45gfumynerkb0zrptngii0 0 149131 829676 2026-05-04T21:04:13Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1325460775|Alex (footballer, born 1989)]]" 829676 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alex Costa dos Santos''' ko kuma kawai '''Alex''' (an haife shi a ranar 29 ga Janairu 1989 a [[Salvador (Bahia)|Salvador, Bahia]] ) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Brazil wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|mai tsaron baya]] ga Rio Branco . == Sana'a == Alex Costa ya sanya hannu a Fiorentina a ranar 31 ga Janairun 2007 yana da shekaru 18. A watan Yunin 2009, ya tafi Eupen . == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1989]] 064uw5a6bddnnkdvhquu5nxdzmi4zs8 829677 829676 2026-05-04T21:05:04Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1325460775|Alex (footballer, born 1989)]]" 829677 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alex Costa dos Santos''' ko kuma kawai '''Alex''' (an haife shi a ranar 29 ga Janairu 1989 a [[Salvador (Bahia)|Salvador, Bahia]] ) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Brazil wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|mai tsaron baya]] ga Rio Branco.<ref>"Lepiller e Alex Costa al K.A.S Eupen" (in Italian). violachannel.tv. 25 June 2009. Retrieved 25 June 2009.</ref> == Sana'a == Alex Costa ya sanya hannu a Fiorentina a ranar 31 ga Janairun 2007 yana da shekaru 18. A watan Yunin 2009, ya tafi Eupen . == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1989]] q8e302iai4rg37kg34643idaeo4wuh5 829678 829677 2026-05-04T21:06:10Z Sardeeq 39275 829678 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Alex Costa dos Santos''' ko kuma kawai '''Alex''' (an haife shi a ranar 29 ga Janairu 1989 a [[Salvador (Bahia)|Salvador, Bahia]] ) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Brazil wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|mai tsaron baya]] ga Rio Branco.<ref>"Lepiller e Alex Costa al K.A.S Eupen" (in Italian). violachannel.tv. 25 June 2009. Retrieved 25 June 2009.</ref> == Sana'a == Alex Costa ya sanya hannu a Fiorentina a ranar 31 ga Janairun 2007 yana da shekaru 18. A watan Yunin 2009, ya tafi Eupen . == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1989]] rmidqsmed90k6ebs8h3sujx8aftmxch 0 149132 829679 2026-05-04T21:07:53Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1310196746|Alex Alcântara]]" 829679 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alex Augusto Pereira de Alcântara''' (an haife shi 28 ga Afrilu 1995), wanda aka fi sani da Alex Alcântara ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Brazil wanda ke taka leda a matsayin dan wasan gaba ga Duque de Caxias . == Ƙididdigar aiki == === Kulob === {{Updated|19 July 2019.}}<ref>{{Soccerway|alex-augusto-pereira/406938|accessdate=19 July 2019}}</ref><ref>{{ForaDeJogo|199504280010|Alex}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" ! rowspan="2" |Kulob ! rowspan="2" | Kakar wasa ! colspan="3" | Gasar League ! colspan="2" | Ƙungiyar Jiha ! colspan="2" | Kofin Ƙasa ! colspan="2" | Kofin League ! colspan="2" | Wani ! colspan="2" | Jimilla |- ! Sashe ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye |- | Vila Nova | 2015 | Jerin C | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | colspan="2" | – | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |- | rowspan="3" | Braga B | 2015–16 | rowspan="2" | LigaPro | 13 | 0 | colspan="2" | – | colspan="2" | – | colspan="2" | – | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 |- | 2016–17 | 2 | 0 | colspan="2" | – | colspan="2" | – | colspan="2" | – | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 |- ! colspan="2" | '''Jimilla''' ! 15 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 15 ! 0 |- | Iporá | rowspan="2" | 2017 | colspan="3" rowspan="3" | – | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | colspan="2" | – | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 |- | Duque de Caxias | 20 | 7 | 0 | 0 | colspan="2" | – | 0 | 0 | 20 | 7 |- | Sao Paulo-RS | 2018 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | colspan="2" | – | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |- | Rio Branco-AC | 2019 | Serie D | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | colspan="2" | – | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 |- | CEOV Operario | 2019 | colspan="3" | – | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | colspan="2" | – | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 |- ! colspan="3" | '''Jimillar aiki''' ! 15 ! 0 ! 31 ! 8 ! 1 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 47 ! 8 |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1995]] blugpwjle9bcmohcam7cqdahf9a8duv 829680 829679 2026-05-04T21:08:33Z Sardeeq 39275 829680 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Alex Augusto Pereira de Alcântara''' (an haife shi 28 ga Afrilu 1995), wanda aka fi sani da Alex Alcântara ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Brazil wanda ke taka leda a matsayin dan wasan gaba ga Duque de Caxias . == Ƙididdigar aiki == === Kulob === {{Updated|19 July 2019.}}<ref>{{Soccerway|alex-augusto-pereira/406938|accessdate=19 July 2019}}</ref><ref>{{ForaDeJogo|199504280010|Alex}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" ! rowspan="2" |Kulob ! rowspan="2" | Kakar wasa ! colspan="3" | Gasar League ! colspan="2" | Ƙungiyar Jiha ! colspan="2" | Kofin Ƙasa ! colspan="2" | Kofin League ! colspan="2" | Wani ! colspan="2" | Jimilla |- ! Sashe ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye |- | Vila Nova | 2015 | Jerin C | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | colspan="2" | – | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |- | rowspan="3" | Braga B | 2015–16 | rowspan="2" | LigaPro | 13 | 0 | colspan="2" | – | colspan="2" | – | colspan="2" | – | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 |- | 2016–17 | 2 | 0 | colspan="2" | – | colspan="2" | – | colspan="2" | – | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 |- ! colspan="2" | '''Jimilla''' ! 15 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 15 ! 0 |- | Iporá | rowspan="2" | 2017 | colspan="3" rowspan="3" | – | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | colspan="2" | – | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 |- | Duque de Caxias | 20 | 7 | 0 | 0 | colspan="2" | – | 0 | 0 | 20 | 7 |- | Sao Paulo-RS | 2018 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | colspan="2" | – | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |- | Rio Branco-AC | 2019 | Serie D | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | colspan="2" | – | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 |- | CEOV Operario | 2019 | colspan="3" | – | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | colspan="2" | – | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 |- ! colspan="3" | '''Jimillar aiki''' ! 15 ! 0 ! 31 ! 8 ! 1 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 47 ! 8 |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1995]] 93inllj140tr2t0npbksl3zolec4r79 0 149133 829681 2026-05-04T21:09:33Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1328700810|Adriano (footballer, born August 1994)]]" 829681 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Adriano Aparecido Narcizo''' (an haife shi a ranar 30 ga Agusta 1994), wanda aka fi sani da '''Adriano''', ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Brazil wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba . A halin yanzu yana da 'yancin zama ɗan wasa bayan da tsohuwar ƙungiyarsa ta Cong Viettel FC ta kore shi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-03-26 |title=Chuyển nhượng V-League: Thể Công Viettel thanh lý ngoại binh chỉ sau 2 trận |url=https://vov.vn/the-thao/chuyen-nhuong-v-league-the-cong-viettel-thanh-ly-ngoai-binh-chi-sau-2-tran-post1084930.vov |access-date=2025-07-11 |website=VOV.VN |language=vi}}</ref> == Aikin kulob == === Melaka United === A ranar 27 ga Mayu 2021, Adriano ya sanya hannu kan kwangila da ƙungiyar Melaka United [[Maleshiya|ta ƙasar Malaysia]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 May 2021 |title=Melaka ikat dua import dari Brazil |url=https://www.bharian.com.my/amp/sukan/bola/2021/05/821151/melaka-ikat-dua-import-dari-brazil |website=Berita Harian}}</ref> A ranar 25 ga Yuli 2021, ya fara buga wasa a ƙungiyar a wasan da suka tashi kunnen doki 1-1 da Sri Pahang . === Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Penang === A watan Fabrairun 2023, ya koma Penang FC . Ya buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya na farko a wasan share fagen kakar wasa da Selangor FC kuma ya lashe Kofin Hope. [1] [2] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1994]] thlszdo0yxsdtujftoujugkyttxb6pb 829682 829681 2026-05-04T21:10:08Z Sardeeq 39275 829682 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Adriano Aparecido Narcizo''' (an haife shi a ranar 30 ga Agusta 1994), wanda aka fi sani da '''Adriano''', ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Brazil wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba . A halin yanzu yana da 'yancin zama ɗan wasa bayan da tsohuwar ƙungiyarsa ta Cong Viettel FC ta kore shi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-03-26 |title=Chuyển nhượng V-League: Thể Công Viettel thanh lý ngoại binh chỉ sau 2 trận |url=https://vov.vn/the-thao/chuyen-nhuong-v-league-the-cong-viettel-thanh-ly-ngoai-binh-chi-sau-2-tran-post1084930.vov |access-date=2025-07-11 |website=VOV.VN |language=vi}}</ref> == Aikin kulob == === Melaka United === A ranar 27 ga Mayu 2021, Adriano ya sanya hannu kan kwangila da ƙungiyar Melaka United [[Maleshiya|ta ƙasar Malaysia]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 May 2021 |title=Melaka ikat dua import dari Brazil |url=https://www.bharian.com.my/amp/sukan/bola/2021/05/821151/melaka-ikat-dua-import-dari-brazil |website=Berita Harian}}</ref> A ranar 25 ga Yuli 2021, ya fara buga wasa a ƙungiyar a wasan da suka tashi kunnen doki 1-1 da Sri Pahang . === Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Penang === A watan Fabrairun 2023, ya koma Penang FC . Ya buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya na farko a wasan share fagen kakar wasa da Selangor FC kuma ya lashe Kofin Hope. [1] [2] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1994]] 5za1czjiv1asgtm3h48rdk70c1bs9ez 0 149134 829686 2026-05-04T21:22:39Z Saad Nuhu 43323 Sabon shafi: [[Fayil:Akwa United lift the Nigeria Professional Football League trophy.jpg|thumb]] {{Infobox gasar kwallon kafa | suna = Nigerian Professional Football League | gajarta = NPFL | kafa = 1972 | kasa = Najeriya | nahiyar = CAF (Afirka) | kungiyoyi = 20 | mataki = Mataki na 1 | sauka = Nigeria National League (NNL) | gasar kasa = Federation Cup | zakara na yanzu = Enyimba F.C. | mafi yawan kofuna = Enyimba F.C. | gidan yanar gizo = https://npfl.ng }} '''Nigerian Professional Foo... 829686 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Akwa United lift the Nigeria Professional Football League trophy.jpg|thumb]] {{Infobox gasar kwallon kafa | suna = Nigerian Professional Football League | gajarta = NPFL | kafa = 1972 | kasa = Najeriya | nahiyar = CAF (Afirka) | kungiyoyi = 20 | mataki = Mataki na 1 | sauka = Nigeria National League (NNL) | gasar kasa = Federation Cup | zakara na yanzu = Enyimba F.C. | mafi yawan kofuna = Enyimba F.C. | gidan yanar gizo = https://npfl.ng }} '''Nigerian Professional Football League (NPFL)''' ita ce babbar gasar kwallon kafa ta matakin farko a kasar Najeriya. Ana daukarta a matsayin mafi girman gasar cikin tsarin kwallon kafa na kasar, inda kungiyoyi daga sassa daban-daban na Najeriya ke fafatawa domin lashe kofin gasar. <ref>NPFL Official Website</ref> == Tarihi == An kafa gasar kwallon kafa ta Najeriya a shekarar 1972, inda aka fara gudanar da ita a matsayin gasar amateur kafin daga baya aka mayar da ita sana'a (professional). A shekarar 1990s ne aka fara inganta tsarin gasar zuwa na zamani, tare da kafa Nigerian Professional Football League (NPFL). <ref>History of Nigerian League Football</ref> == Tsarin Gasar == NPFL tana kunshe da kungiyoyi 20 da ke fafatawa a kowace kakar wasa. Kowace kungiya tana buga wasa gida da waje (home and away), wanda ke nufin kowane kulob zai buga wasanni 38 a kakar wasa guda. <ref>NPFL Format Guide</ref> Kungiyoyi hudu na sama suna samun damar shiga gasannin nahiyar Afirka kamar: * CAF Champions League * CAF Confederation Cup Kungiyoyi uku na karshe kuwa suna sauka zuwa mataki na biyu wato Nigeria National League (NNL). <ref>CAF Competition Rules</ref> == Muhimman Kungiyoyi == Wasu daga cikin shahararrun kungiyoyi a NPFL sun hada da: * Enyimba F.C. * Kano Pillars F.C. * Rangers International F.C. * Shooting Stars SC * Heartland F.C. <ref>Top Nigerian Clubs</ref> == Nasarori == Enyimba F.C. ita ce kungiya mafi nasara a tarihin gasar, inda ta lashe kofin NPFL sau da dama. Haka kuma, kungiyoyin kamar Kano Pillars da Rangers International sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a gasar. <ref>NPFL Champions List</ref> == Tasiri == NPFL tana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen bunkasa kwallon kafa a Najeriya, tare da samar da matasa 'yan wasa da dama da suka kai ga buga wasa a kasashen waje da kuma kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasa. <ref>Nigerian Football Development Report</ref> == Manazarta == <references/> mrrdsb7zrkvxpx05do2gq1mz053drot 829694 829686 2026-05-04T21:24:23Z Saad Nuhu 43323 829694 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Akwa United lift the Nigeria Professional Football League trophy.jpg|thumb]] {{Infobox gasar kwallon kafa | suna = Nigerian Professional Football League | gajarta = NPFL | kafa = 1972 | kasa = Najeriya | nahiyar = CAF (Afirka) | kungiyoyi = 20 | mataki = Mataki na 1 | sauka = Nigeria National League (NNL) | gasar kasa = Federation Cup | zakara na yanzu = [[Enyimba International F.C.|Enyimba F.C.]] | mafi yawan kofuna = Enyimba F.C. | gidan yanar gizo = https://npfl.ng }} '''Nigerian Professional Football League (NPFL)''' ita ce babbar gasar kwallon kafa ta matakin farko a kasar Najeriya. Ana daukarta a matsayin mafi girman gasar cikin tsarin kwallon kafa na kasar, inda kungiyoyi daga sassa daban-daban na Najeriya ke fafatawa domin lashe kofin gasar. <ref>NPFL Official Website</ref> == Tarihi == An kafa gasar kwallon kafa ta Najeriya a shekarar 1972, inda aka fara gudanar da ita a matsayin gasar amateur kafin daga baya aka mayar da ita sana'a (professional). A shekarar 1990s ne aka fara inganta tsarin gasar zuwa na zamani, tare da kafa Nigerian Professional Football League (NPFL). <ref>History of Nigerian League Football</ref> == Tsarin Gasar == NPFL tana kunshe da kungiyoyi 20 da ke fafatawa a kowace kakar wasa. Kowace kungiya tana buga wasa gida da waje (home and away), wanda ke nufin kowane kulob zai buga wasanni 38 a kakar wasa guda. <ref>NPFL Format Guide</ref> Kungiyoyi hudu na sama suna samun damar shiga gasannin nahiyar Afirka kamar: * CAF Champions League * CAF Confederation Cup Kungiyoyi uku na karshe kuwa suna sauka zuwa mataki na biyu wato Nigeria National League (NNL). <ref>CAF Competition Rules</ref> == Muhimman Kungiyoyi == Wasu daga cikin shahararrun kungiyoyi a NPFL sun hada da: * Enyimba F.C. * [[Kano Pillars F.C.]] * Rangers International F.C. * Shooting Stars SC * Heartland F.C. <ref>Top Nigerian Clubs</ref> == Nasarori == Enyimba F.C. ita ce kungiya mafi nasara a tarihin gasar, inda ta lashe kofin NPFL sau da dama. Haka kuma, kungiyoyin kamar Kano Pillars da Rangers International sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a gasar. <ref>NPFL Champions List</ref> == Tasiri == NPFL tana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen bunkasa kwallon kafa a Najeriya, tare da samar da matasa 'yan wasa da dama da suka kai ga buga wasa a kasashen waje da kuma kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasa. <ref>Nigerian Football Development Report</ref> == Manazarta == <references/> 1wkv95dfhi5ph84g3l8qcph3u4heab0 829707 829694 2026-05-04T21:25:59Z Saad Nuhu 43323 829707 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Akwa United lift the Nigeria Professional Football League trophy.jpg|thumb]] {{Infobox gasar kwallon kafa | suna = Nigerian Professional Football League | gajarta = NPFL | kafa = 1972 | kasa = Najeriya | nahiyar = CAF (Afirka) | kungiyoyi = 20 | mataki = Mataki na 1 | sauka = Nigeria National League (NNL) | gasar kasa = Federation Cup | zakara na yanzu = [[Enyimba International F.C.|Enyimba F.C.]] | mafi yawan kofuna = Enyimba F.C. | gidan yanar gizo = https://npfl.ng }} '''Nigerian Professional Football League (NPFL)''' ita ce babbar gasar kwallon kafa ta matakin farko a kasar Najeriya. Ana daukarta a matsayin mafi girman gasar cikin tsarin kwallon kafa na kasar, inda kungiyoyi daga sassa daban-daban na Najeriya ke fafatawa domin lashe kofin gasar. <ref>NPFL Official Website</ref> == Tarihi == An kafa gasar kwallon kafa ta Najeriya a shekarar 1972, inda aka fara gudanar da ita a matsayin gasar amateur kafin daga baya aka mayar da ita sana'a (professional). A shekarar 1990s ne aka fara inganta tsarin gasar zuwa na zamani, tare da kafa Nigerian Professional Football League (NPFL). <ref>History of Nigerian League Football</ref> == Tsarin Gasar == NPFL tana kunshe da kungiyoyi 20 da ke fafatawa a kowace kakar wasa. Kowace kungiya tana buga wasa gida da waje (home and away), wanda ke nufin kowane kulob zai buga wasanni 38 a kakar wasa guda. <ref>NPFL Format Guide</ref> Kungiyoyi hudu na sama suna samun damar shiga gasannin nahiyar Afirka kamar: * CAF Champions League * CAF Confederation Cup Kungiyoyi uku na karshe kuwa suna sauka zuwa mataki na biyu wato Nigeria National League (NNL). <ref>CAF Competition Rules</ref> == Muhimman Kungiyoyi == Wasu daga cikin shahararrun kungiyoyi a NPFL sun hada da: * [[Enyimba International F.C.|Enyimba F.C.]] * [[Kano Pillars F.C.]] * Rangers International F.C * Shooting Stars SC * Heartland F.C. <ref>Top Nigerian Clubs</ref> == Nasarori == Enyimba F.C. ita ce kungiya mafi nasara a tarihin gasar, inda ta lashe kofin NPFL sau da dama. Haka kuma, kungiyoyin kamar Kano Pillars da Rangers International sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a gasar. <ref>NPFL Champions List</ref> == Tasiri == NPFL tana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen bunkasa kwallon kafa a Najeriya, tare da samar da matasa 'yan wasa da dama da suka kai ga buga wasa a kasashen waje da kuma kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasa. <ref>Nigerian Football Development Report</ref> == Manazarta == <references/> 86pu69ornqskn9anmfkv38h8x6sg27u 3 149135 829687 2026-05-04T21:23:14Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 829687 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, KaijudeProductions! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/KaijudeProductions|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:23, 4 Mayu 2026 (UTC) aa56w4uoccfo2zz8icub8vvrbd5qnq2 3 149136 829688 2026-05-04T21:23:24Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 829688 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Kingdz16! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Kingdz16|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:23, 4 Mayu 2026 (UTC) be67798nez4veclvqq8us5ifroq1gv3 3 149137 829689 2026-05-04T21:23:34Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 829689 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Մանան Պողոսյան! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Մանան Պողոսյան|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:23, 4 Mayu 2026 (UTC) cyl6uipgu10yxn5901ibrrlf46zihji 3 149138 829690 2026-05-04T21:23:44Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 829690 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Fudoreaper! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Fudoreaper|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:23, 4 Mayu 2026 (UTC) sozpysxq612uv2q69667qaulck9dkgu 829726 829690 2026-05-04T21:43:52Z Fudoreaper 44569 Reply saying i'm just a visitor 829726 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Fudoreaper! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Fudoreaper|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:23, 4 Mayu 2026 (UTC) : I think this is a 'welcome to HA wikipedia' message. I logged in to this language out of curiosity, i don't have any understanding of the HU lanaguage. [[User:Fudoreaper|Fudoreaper]] ([[User talk:Fudoreaper|talk]]) 21:43, 4 Mayu 2026 (UTC) aobe4z9ptx7dsa0i9xwjvvee6pnznua 829727 829726 2026-05-04T21:44:47Z Tenshi Hinanawi 32901 Reply 829727 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Fudoreaper! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Fudoreaper|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:23, 4 Mayu 2026 (UTC) : I think this is a 'welcome to HA wikipedia' message. I logged in to this language out of curiosity, i don't have any understanding of the HU lanaguage. [[User:Fudoreaper|Fudoreaper]] ([[User talk:Fudoreaper|talk]]) 21:43, 4 Mayu 2026 (UTC) ::It is, yes. [[User:Tenshi Hinanawi|Tenshi Hinanawi]] ([[User talk:Tenshi Hinanawi|talk]]) 21:44, 4 Mayu 2026 (UTC) ecyapoufd7qfbne1sh7r8yi7pgsj5p8 3 149139 829691 2026-05-04T21:23:54Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 829691 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Choucas0! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Choucas0|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:23, 4 Mayu 2026 (UTC) ji9hco10c9t644swmxymv85wdfuz1z7 3 149140 829692 2026-05-04T21:24:04Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 829692 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Emornilap! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Emornilap|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:24, 4 Mayu 2026 (UTC) qeatdwgw9swkae93mka4b8pz60fybdg 3 149141 829693 2026-05-04T21:24:14Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 829693 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Od1n! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Od1n|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:24, 4 Mayu 2026 (UTC) kojf3itr0d2lpqn3gsfmfjzkkuui1tv 3 149142 829695 2026-05-04T21:24:24Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 829695 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Sisilio! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Sisilio|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:24, 4 Mayu 2026 (UTC) c5nfc73cn4p2m4ynt5k8cyajayqmuzp 0 149143 829696 2026-05-04T21:24:31Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1252123656|Balu (footballer, born 1985)]]" 829696 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fábio Vieira Amaro''' (an haife shi 22 ga Fabrairu 1985) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] ɗan ƙasar Brazil wanda ke taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] ga Alta de Lisboa. == Rayuwa ta farko == Balu ɗan Levi Procino Amaro ne da Rosalina Vieira Amaro. Yana da 'yan'uwa huɗu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=De Timóteo para o mundo |url=https://www.diariodoaco.com.br/noticia/0084043-de-timoteo-para-o-mundo |publisher=diasriodoaco.com.br}}</ref> == Sana'a == Balu ya fara aikinsa ne da ƙungiyar Corinthians-AL ta ƙasar Brazil. A shekarar 2005, ya sanya hannu a ƙungiyar Marítimo ta ƙasar Portugal. A shekarar 2009, an tura shi aro zuwa ƙungiyar Portimonense ta ƙasar Portugal. A shekarar 2010, an tura shi aro zuwa ƙungiyar Belenenses ta ƙasar Portugal. A shekarar 2011, an tura shi aro zuwa ƙungiyar Trikala ta ƙasar Girka. Bayan haka, an tura shi aro zuwa ƙungiyar Panthrakikos ta ƙasar Girka. A shekarar 2012, ya sanya hannu a ƙungiyar Pafos ta ƙasar Cyprus. A shekarar 2013, an tura shi aro zuwa ƙungiyar Bravos de Maquis ta ƙasar Angola. A shekarar 2014, ya sanya hannu a ƙungiyar Panachaiki ta ƙasar Girka. A shekarar 2015, ya sanya hannu a ƙungiyar Panserraikos ta ƙasar Girka. A shekarar 2016, ya sanya hannu a ƙungiyar Lamia ta ƙasar Girka. Bayan haka, ya sanya hannu a ƙungiyar Chalkida ta ƙasar Girka. Ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan 'yan wasan ƙungiyar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Balu estuda propostas de times europeus |url=https://www.timoteo.mg.gov.br/noticias/3962/balu-estuda-propostas-de-times-europeus |publisher=mg.gov.br}}</ref> A cikin 2017, ya rattaba hannu kan kungiyar Vilafranquense ta Portugal. A cikin 2018, ya sanya hannu a ƙungiyar Fatima ta Portugal. A cikin 2019, ya rattaba hannu a kungiyar FC Setúbal ta Portugal. A cikin 2020, ya rattaba hannu kan kungiyar Comércio e Indústria ta Portugal. Bayan haka, ya sanya hannu a kungiyar Alta de Lisboa ta Portugal. == Salon wasan == Balu galibi yana aiki a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya. An bayyana shi a matsayin "mai alhakin shirya hare-haren kai hari da kuma dabarun yin alama mai kyau". [1] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1985]] 0r9ujxrwbo2p7uc3hya08ueco4e3jha 829703 829696 2026-05-04T21:25:29Z Sardeeq 39275 829703 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Fábio Vieira Amaro''' (an haife shi 22 ga Fabrairu 1985) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] ɗan ƙasar Brazil wanda ke taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] ga Alta de Lisboa. == Rayuwa ta farko == Balu ɗan Levi Procino Amaro ne da Rosalina Vieira Amaro. Yana da 'yan'uwa huɗu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=De Timóteo para o mundo |url=https://www.diariodoaco.com.br/noticia/0084043-de-timoteo-para-o-mundo |publisher=diasriodoaco.com.br}}</ref> == Sana'a == Balu ya fara aikinsa ne da ƙungiyar Corinthians-AL ta ƙasar Brazil. A shekarar 2005, ya sanya hannu a ƙungiyar Marítimo ta ƙasar Portugal. A shekarar 2009, an tura shi aro zuwa ƙungiyar Portimonense ta ƙasar Portugal. A shekarar 2010, an tura shi aro zuwa ƙungiyar Belenenses ta ƙasar Portugal. A shekarar 2011, an tura shi aro zuwa ƙungiyar Trikala ta ƙasar Girka. Bayan haka, an tura shi aro zuwa ƙungiyar Panthrakikos ta ƙasar Girka. A shekarar 2012, ya sanya hannu a ƙungiyar Pafos ta ƙasar Cyprus. A shekarar 2013, an tura shi aro zuwa ƙungiyar Bravos de Maquis ta ƙasar Angola. A shekarar 2014, ya sanya hannu a ƙungiyar Panachaiki ta ƙasar Girka. A shekarar 2015, ya sanya hannu a ƙungiyar Panserraikos ta ƙasar Girka. A shekarar 2016, ya sanya hannu a ƙungiyar Lamia ta ƙasar Girka. Bayan haka, ya sanya hannu a ƙungiyar Chalkida ta ƙasar Girka. Ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan 'yan wasan ƙungiyar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Balu estuda propostas de times europeus |url=https://www.timoteo.mg.gov.br/noticias/3962/balu-estuda-propostas-de-times-europeus |publisher=mg.gov.br}}</ref> A cikin 2017, ya rattaba hannu kan kungiyar Vilafranquense ta Portugal. A cikin 2018, ya sanya hannu a ƙungiyar Fatima ta Portugal. A cikin 2019, ya rattaba hannu a kungiyar FC Setúbal ta Portugal. A cikin 2020, ya rattaba hannu kan kungiyar Comércio e Indústria ta Portugal. Bayan haka, ya sanya hannu a kungiyar Alta de Lisboa ta Portugal. == Salon wasan == Balu galibi yana aiki a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya. An bayyana shi a matsayin "mai alhakin shirya hare-haren kai hari da kuma dabarun yin alama mai kyau". [1] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1985]] ez2se58ne3tmow2pa210bw7w1a41afh 3 149144 829697 2026-05-04T21:24:34Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 829697 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, IAmNotJiangZemin! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/IAmNotJiangZemin|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:24, 4 Mayu 2026 (UTC) 2tqwlak75yn4cmjgywcdnxhzof8lr9m 3 149145 829698 2026-05-04T21:24:44Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 829698 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Mai Jiddah muhammad! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Mai Jiddah muhammad|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:24, 4 Mayu 2026 (UTC) 6zg4kegjm46vvhj9q2uokl06mn9h0hc 3 149146 829699 2026-05-04T21:24:54Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 829699 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, UltraHawk710! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/UltraHawk710|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:24, 4 Mayu 2026 (UTC) f81xs6qyur7mpytm3luc8q03zd3r19f 3 149147 829700 2026-05-04T21:25:04Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 829700 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, S4yam! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/S4yam|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 4 Mayu 2026 (UTC) 4jkx2ibodmsp3q7dn9gk280n4pxkjoe 3 149148 829701 2026-05-04T21:25:14Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 829701 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Mitsjol! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Mitsjol|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 4 Mayu 2026 (UTC) lo7t7hkb4al05jfdvezypqtbhhvsdw7 3 149149 829702 2026-05-04T21:25:24Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 829702 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Rtvsubscriptions1993! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Rtvsubscriptions1993|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 4 Mayu 2026 (UTC) p17gt1tgwv7tblfmlv805gadyxho9bt 3 149150 829704 2026-05-04T21:25:34Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 829704 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, NORTHEN ENTREPRENEUR HUB! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/NORTHEN ENTREPRENEUR HUB|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 4 Mayu 2026 (UTC) 71s21x925hllsqmk48hmmnmqb1ys50m 3 149151 829705 2026-05-04T21:25:44Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 829705 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Wisenerd! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Wisenerd|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 4 Mayu 2026 (UTC) luuinf9nyaz8daotjb5umqxx7av4z6y 3 149152 829706 2026-05-04T21:25:54Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 829706 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Cosmicplant94! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Cosmicplant94|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 4 Mayu 2026 (UTC) rfd27mxke9kbexbwg08wq00cz6wkifp 3 149153 829708 2026-05-04T21:26:04Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 829708 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, A bag of many boiled potatoes! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/A bag of many boiled potatoes|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 4 Mayu 2026 (UTC) b85ufwud1vj986cr75cwuujk9rsiswr 0 149154 829710 2026-05-04T21:27:27Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1322214503|Márcio Araújo (footballer, born 1984)]]" 829710 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Márcio Rodrigues Araújo''' (an haife shi a ranar 11 ga Yuni 1984) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Brazil wanda ke buga [[Mai buga tsakiya|wasan tsakiya na tsaron gida]] . Ya taɓa bugawa manyan ƙungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa na ƙasar Brazil kamar Flamengo, Palmeiras da Atlético Mineiro . == Sana'a == === Flamengo === A ranar 20 ga Fabrairu, 2014, Araujo ya kammala canja wurinsa zuwa Flamengo . [1] [2] A ranar 13 ga Afrilu, 2014, ya zura kwallonsa ta farko a sabuwar kungiyarsa, wacce aka yi ta cece-kuce a kanta, ita ce kwallon da ta lashe gasar Rio State League ta 2014 a lokacin raunin da ya samu a wasansu da Vasco da Gama, duk da cewa a bayyane yake cewa ya yi offside, kuma rashin kyawun kiran da alkalin wasa ya yi ya jawo suka sosai daga Vasco da Gama . [3] A ranar 4 ga Mayu 2014, Araujo ya zura kwallonsa ta farko a Série A a wasan da suka yi da tsohuwar kungiyarsa Palmeiras, Flamengo ta yi nasara da ci 4-2. <ref>{{Cite web |date=May 4, 2014 |title=Flamengo vira sobre o Palmeiras com brilho de Alecsandro e dedo de Jayme |url=http://globoesporte.globo.com/jogo/brasileirao2014/04-05-2014/flamengo-palmeiras.html |access-date=August 21, 2014 |publisher=globoesporte.com}}</ref> A ranar 28 ga Disamba 2016, Araújo ya tsawaita kwangilarsa da Flamengo na tsawon shekara guda har zuwa Disamba 2017. <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 December 2016 |title=Fla anuncia renovação com M. Araújo; Muralha e Arão ampliam contratos |url=http://globoesporte.globo.com/futebol/times/flamengo/noticia/2016/12/fla-anuncia-renovacao-com-m-araujo-muralha-e-arao-ampliam-contratos.html |access-date=28 December 2016 |publisher=globoesporte.com}}</ref> == Ƙididdigar aiki == {{Updated|29 November 2019.}}<ref>{{Soccerway|marcio-rodrigues-araujo/32286|accessdate=3 June 2019}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+Appearances and goals by club, season and competition ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |State League ! colspan="2" |Cup ! colspan="2" |Continental ! colspan="2" |Other ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- | rowspan="8" |Atlético Mineiro |2003 | rowspan="3" |Série A |10 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |10 |0 |- |2004 |26 |0 |3 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— |30 |0 |- |2005 |0 |0 |1 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |1 |0 |- |2006 |Série B |8 |1 |3 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |13 |1 |- |2007 | rowspan="3" |Série A |0 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |2 |0 |- |2008 |35 |2 |3 |0 |4 |0 |2<ref group="lower-alpha" name="COS" /> |0 | colspan="2" |— |44 |2 |- |2009 |26 |2 |13 |1 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |41 |3 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !105 !5 !25 !1 !8 !0 !3 !0 ! colspan="2" |— !141 !6 |- | valign="center" |Guarani (loan) |2005<ref>{{Cite web |title=Márcio Araújo |url=http://www.jogosdoguarani.com/2005/marcioaraujo.html |access-date=3 June 2019 |publisher=Jogos do Guarani |language=pt-BR}}</ref> |Série B |14 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |14 |0 |- | valign="center" |Kashiwa Reysol (loan) |2007 |J League 1 |5 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |4 |0 |9 |0 |- | rowspan="5" |Palmeiras |2010 | rowspan="3" |Série A |33 |2 |16 |0 |7 |0 |8<ref group="lower-alpha" name="COS" /> |0 | colspan="2" |— |64 |2 |- |2011 |35 |0 |20 |1 |7 |0 |1<ref group="lower-alpha" name="COS" /> |0 | colspan="2" |— |63 |1 |- |2012 |28 |1 |19 |0 |10 |0 |3<ref group="lower-alpha" name="COS" /> |0 | colspan="2" |— |60 |1 |- |2013 |Série B |35 |0 |16 |3 |2 |0 |8 |0 | colspan="2" |— |61 |3 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !131 !3 !71 !4 !26 !0 !20 !0 ! colspan="2" |— !248 !7 |- | rowspan="5" |Flamengo |2014 | rowspan="4" |Série A |32 |2 |9 |1 |6 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |47 |3 |- |2015 |33 |0 |16 |0 |7 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |56 |0 |- |2016 |36 |0 |9 |0 |0 |0 |3<ref group="lower-alpha" name="COS" /> |0 |3 |0 |51 |0 |- |2017 |27 |0 |10 |0 |5 |0 |6<ref group="lower-alpha" name="COL" /> |0 |4<ref group="lower-alpha" name="PRL" /> |0 |55 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !128 !2 !44 !1 !18 !0 !9 !0 !7 !0 !209 !3 |- | rowspan="3" |Chapecoense |2018 | rowspan="2" |Série A |30 |0 |12 |0 |4 |0 |2<ref group="lower-alpha" name="COL" /> |2 | colspan="2" |— |48 |0 |- |2019 |33 |0 |11 |1 |6 |0 |2<ref group="lower-alpha" name="COS" /> |0 | colspan="2" |— |52 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !63 !0 !33 !1 !10 !0 !2 !0 ! colspan="2" |— !100 !1 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !446 !10 !173 !7 !62 !0 !34 !0 !11 !0 !721 !17 |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1984]] ieqwyflrmxnqxe6og91dfiwpx5hg05u 829711 829710 2026-05-04T21:28:04Z Sardeeq 39275 829711 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Márcio Rodrigues Araújo''' (an haife shi a ranar 11 ga Yuni 1984) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Brazil wanda ke buga [[Mai buga tsakiya|wasan tsakiya na tsaron gida]] . Ya taɓa bugawa manyan ƙungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa na ƙasar Brazil kamar Flamengo, Palmeiras da Atlético Mineiro . == Sana'a == === Flamengo === A ranar 20 ga Fabrairu, 2014, Araujo ya kammala canja wurinsa zuwa Flamengo . [1] [2] A ranar 13 ga Afrilu, 2014, ya zura kwallonsa ta farko a sabuwar kungiyarsa, wacce aka yi ta cece-kuce a kanta, ita ce kwallon da ta lashe gasar Rio State League ta 2014 a lokacin raunin da ya samu a wasansu da Vasco da Gama, duk da cewa a bayyane yake cewa ya yi offside, kuma rashin kyawun kiran da alkalin wasa ya yi ya jawo suka sosai daga Vasco da Gama . [3] A ranar 4 ga Mayu 2014, Araujo ya zura kwallonsa ta farko a Série A a wasan da suka yi da tsohuwar kungiyarsa Palmeiras, Flamengo ta yi nasara da ci 4-2. <ref>{{Cite web |date=May 4, 2014 |title=Flamengo vira sobre o Palmeiras com brilho de Alecsandro e dedo de Jayme |url=http://globoesporte.globo.com/jogo/brasileirao2014/04-05-2014/flamengo-palmeiras.html |access-date=August 21, 2014 |publisher=globoesporte.com}}</ref> A ranar 28 ga Disamba 2016, Araújo ya tsawaita kwangilarsa da Flamengo na tsawon shekara guda har zuwa Disamba 2017. <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 December 2016 |title=Fla anuncia renovação com M. Araújo; Muralha e Arão ampliam contratos |url=http://globoesporte.globo.com/futebol/times/flamengo/noticia/2016/12/fla-anuncia-renovacao-com-m-araujo-muralha-e-arao-ampliam-contratos.html |access-date=28 December 2016 |publisher=globoesporte.com}}</ref> == Ƙididdigar aiki == {{Updated|29 November 2019.}}<ref>{{Soccerway|marcio-rodrigues-araujo/32286|accessdate=3 June 2019}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+Appearances and goals by club, season and competition ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |State League ! colspan="2" |Cup ! colspan="2" |Continental ! colspan="2" |Other ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- | rowspan="8" |Atlético Mineiro |2003 | rowspan="3" |Série A |10 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |10 |0 |- |2004 |26 |0 |3 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— |30 |0 |- |2005 |0 |0 |1 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |1 |0 |- |2006 |Série B |8 |1 |3 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |13 |1 |- |2007 | rowspan="3" |Série A |0 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |2 |0 |- |2008 |35 |2 |3 |0 |4 |0 |2<ref group="lower-alpha" name="COS" /> |0 | colspan="2" |— |44 |2 |- |2009 |26 |2 |13 |1 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |41 |3 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !105 !5 !25 !1 !8 !0 !3 !0 ! colspan="2" |— !141 !6 |- | valign="center" |Guarani (loan) |2005<ref>{{Cite web |title=Márcio Araújo |url=http://www.jogosdoguarani.com/2005/marcioaraujo.html |access-date=3 June 2019 |publisher=Jogos do Guarani |language=pt-BR}}</ref> |Série B |14 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |14 |0 |- | valign="center" |Kashiwa Reysol (loan) |2007 |J League 1 |5 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |4 |0 |9 |0 |- | rowspan="5" |Palmeiras |2010 | rowspan="3" |Série A |33 |2 |16 |0 |7 |0 |8<ref group="lower-alpha" name="COS" /> |0 | colspan="2" |— |64 |2 |- |2011 |35 |0 |20 |1 |7 |0 |1<ref group="lower-alpha" name="COS" /> |0 | colspan="2" |— |63 |1 |- |2012 |28 |1 |19 |0 |10 |0 |3<ref group="lower-alpha" name="COS" /> |0 | colspan="2" |— |60 |1 |- |2013 |Série B |35 |0 |16 |3 |2 |0 |8 |0 | colspan="2" |— |61 |3 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !131 !3 !71 !4 !26 !0 !20 !0 ! colspan="2" |— !248 !7 |- | rowspan="5" |Flamengo |2014 | rowspan="4" |Série A |32 |2 |9 |1 |6 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |47 |3 |- |2015 |33 |0 |16 |0 |7 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |56 |0 |- |2016 |36 |0 |9 |0 |0 |0 |3<ref group="lower-alpha" name="COS" /> |0 |3 |0 |51 |0 |- |2017 |27 |0 |10 |0 |5 |0 |6<ref group="lower-alpha" name="COL" /> |0 |4<ref group="lower-alpha" name="PRL" /> |0 |55 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !128 !2 !44 !1 !18 !0 !9 !0 !7 !0 !209 !3 |- | rowspan="3" |Chapecoense |2018 | rowspan="2" |Série A |30 |0 |12 |0 |4 |0 |2<ref group="lower-alpha" name="COL" /> |2 | colspan="2" |— |48 |0 |- |2019 |33 |0 |11 |1 |6 |0 |2<ref group="lower-alpha" name="COS" /> |0 | colspan="2" |— |52 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !63 !0 !33 !1 !10 !0 !2 !0 ! colspan="2" |— !100 !1 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !446 !10 !173 !7 !62 !0 !34 !0 !11 !0 !721 !17 |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1984]] caqv4uxb7s0q8unctcieu2z0tsp4i76 0 149155 829712 2026-05-04T21:30:41Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1290485979|Serginho Baiano]]" 829712 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elisérgio da Silva''' (an haife shi a ranar 5 ga Janairu 1978), wanda aka fi sani da '''Serginho Baiano''', [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne ɗan ƙasar Brazil wanda ya yi ritaya wanda ya buga [[Mai buga tsakiya|ƙwallon ƙafa ta hagu]] . Ya buga wa ƙungiyoyi kusan 20 wasa a lokacin aikinsa, inda ya fafata a [[Portugal]], [[Koriya ta Kudu]] da [[Japan]], kuma ya tara jimillar wasanni 93 da kwallaye 23 a gasar Primeira Liga a tsawon shekaru bakwai. A ƙasarsa, ya wakilci ƙungiyoyi da dama a yankin Arewa maso Gabas . == Aikin ƙwallon ƙafa == === Shekarun farko / Boavista === An haifi Serginho a Rio Real, Bahia, kuma ya fara aikinsa na ƙwararru tare da Esporte Clube Bahia, sannan ya tafi ƙungiyoyi a Alagoas . A shekarar 2001–02, ya koma ƙasar waje ya koma ƙungiyar Boavista FC mai riƙe da kambun gasar Portugal, inda ya zira kwallaye bakwai a wasanni 22 yayin da ƙungiyar [[Porto|arewa]] ta kare a matsayi na biyu; ya kuma buga wasanni biyar (fara wasa biyu) a [[UEFA Champions League|gasar zakarun Turai ta UEFA]] ta kakar wasa . A kakar wasa ta 2002-03, Baiano ya yi fice sosai a Boavista - har yanzu yana wasa ɗaya kuma ya zura kwallo ɗaya a gasar cin kofin UEFA - kuma a watan Janairun 2003, ya koma ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta FC Paços de Ferreira, inda ya taimaka mata ta yi daidai da matsayi na shida mafi kyau da kwallaye huɗu daga wasanni 12. === Nacional / Sihiri na farko a Asiya === A lokacin bazara na 2003, Serginho ya rattaba hannu kan kwantiraginsa da FC Porto, amma bai buga wasa mai kyau ba, inda nan take aka ba shi aro ga CD Nacional na Madeira shi ma a babban filin wasa na Portugal. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 November 2003 |title=Oferta pública de subscrição de 2.300.000 obrigações representativas do empréstimo obrigacionista "F.C.Porto – Futebol, SAD" |trans-title=Public offering for subscription of 2,300,000 bonds "F.C.Porto – Futebol, SAD" |url=http://www.fcporto.pt/IncFCP/PDF/Investor_Relations/ObrigacoesFCPorto/Prospecto_FCP_SAD_031106_aprovado_CMVM.pdf |access-date=11 November 2010 |publisher=FC Porto |language=Portuguese}}</ref> Ya zura kwallaye goma mafi kyau a tarihin rayuwarsa a kakarsa ta farko, amma ya samu kwallaye biyu kacal a jere bayan ya amince da yarjejeniyar dindindin bayan musayar 'yan wasa da Adriano Rossato . Ya fara a zagaye na biyu na gasar cin kofin UEFA ta 2004-05, jimilla rashin nasara 1-4 a hannun [[Sevilla FC]], sannan ya tafi a karshen watan Janairun 2005 don Chunnam Dragons na [[Koriya ta Kudu]] . Serginho ya koma Nacional a kakar wasa ta 2005–06, amma bai bayyana ba sosai a sauran zamansa, inda ya bar kulob din a watan Disamba na 2006. === Aikin da ya makara === A ƙarshen shekarar 2006, Serginho ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar da aka yi da Centro Sportivo Alagoano har zuwa ƙarshen gasar cin kofin jihar . <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 January 2007 |title=Boletim informativo diário electrônico (BID-E) relação pela data 25/01/2007 |url=http://www.cbf.com.br/php/bid.php?d=25%2F01%2F2007&uf=AL |access-date=11 November 2010 |publisher=CBF |language=Portuguese}}</ref> Duk da haka, a watan Janairun 2007, ya koma maƙwabciyar ƙungiyar Sport Club Corinthians Alagoano, <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 February 2007 |title=Boletim informativo diário electrônico (BID-E) relação pela data 7/02/2007 |url=http://www.cbf.com.br/php/bid.php?d=07%2F02%2F2007&uf=AL |access-date=11 November 2010 |publisher=CBF |language=Portuguese}}</ref> ya sake canza ƙungiyoyi a wata mai zuwa bayan ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekara ɗaya da ƙungiyar Oita Trinita ta J1 League . <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 November 2007 |title=Relatório de transferências internacionais em 2007 |trans-title=2007 international transfers report |url=http://www.cbf.com.br/bid/ti2007.htm |access-date=10 November 2010 |publisher=CBF |language=Portuguese}}</ref> Serginho ya bar ƙungiyar [[Japan|Jafananci]] a watan Yulin 2007, ya koma wata mai zuwa zuwa América Futebol Clube (RN) har zuwa ƙarshen kakar wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 August 2007 |title=Boletim informativo diário electrônico (BID-E) relação pela data 24/08/2007 |url=http://www.cbf.com.br/php/bid.php?d=24%2F08%2F2007&uf=RN |access-date=11 November 2010 |publisher=CBF |language=Portuguese}}</ref> A watan Satumba, ya sake komawa ƙungiyoyi, inda ya buga wasa sau shida a ƙungiyar Clube Náutico Capibaribe a rukunin farko na kakar wasa . A watan Janairun 2008, yana da shekaru 30, Serginho ya sake komawa CSA har zuwa karshen ''Alagoano'' na 2008. A watan Mayu ya koma wata tsohuwar kungiya, Corinthians Alagoano, inda ya buga gasar cin kofin Brazil ta wannan shekarar ta hanyar shiga gasar cin kofin Brazil ta hanyar shan kashi 1-3 a hannun CR Vasco da Gama a zagayen kwata-kwata (2-8 a jimilla), kuma an sake shi jim kadan bayan haka. A watan Agusta, ya koma Portugal, <ref>{{Cite web |date=January 2009 |title=Transferências para o exterior |trans-title=Outside transfers |url=http://www.cbf.com.br/bid/ti2008.htm |access-date=11 November 2010 |publisher=CBF |language=Portuguese}}</ref> amma ya buga wasa sau daya kawai ga Leixões SC wanda ya kare a matsayi na shida . A cikin Maris 2009, Serginho ya sanya hannu ta São Paulo club Associação Ferroviária de Esportes, inda ya zira kwallaye uku a wasanni takwas a cikin rukuni na biyu na yanki kuma a ƙarshe an sake shi . A watan Mayu, ya koma ASA don gasar rukuni na uku ta ƙasa, amma ya buga wasa sau ɗaya kawai ga ƙungiyar, a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbinsa . A ranar 30 ga Yuni ya tafi CSA a mataki na huɗu, inda ya zira kwallaye a ranar 26 ga Yuli a wasan da suka tashi 1-1 da Central Sport Club ; [1] a watan Satumba na 2009, bayan da ƙungiyar ta kasa samun cancantar shiga zagaye na gaba, ɗan wasan ya koma Bahia bayan kusan shekaru goma da ya yi rashin nasara, inda ya sanya hannu da Fluminense de Feira Futebol Clube har zuwa ƙarshen shekara. A watan Janairun 2010, Santa Helena Esporte Clube ta saye Serginho don Gasar Zakarun Jiha ta Goiás, amma ta tafi zuwa Treze Futebol Clube na Paraíba a wata mai zuwa a cikin kwantiragin watanni uku, <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 February 2010 |title=Boletim informativo diário eletrônico (BID-E) relação pela data 23/02/2010 |url=http://www2.cbf.com.br/php/bid.php?d=23/02/2010&uf=PB |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120513192048/http://www2.cbf.com.br/php/bid.php?d=23/02/2010&uf=PB |archive-date=13 May 2012 |access-date=12 January 2011 |publisher=CBF |language=Portuguese}}</ref> yayin da kungiyar ta kuma fito a gasar cin kofin gida. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1978]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 9qa5klxnamkbf8m44bw1i01rwe0jret 829713 829712 2026-05-04T21:31:18Z Sardeeq 39275 829713 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Elisérgio da Silva''' (an haife shi a ranar 5 ga Janairu 1978), wanda aka fi sani da '''Serginho Baiano''', [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne ɗan ƙasar Brazil wanda ya yi ritaya wanda ya buga [[Mai buga tsakiya|ƙwallon ƙafa ta hagu]] . Ya buga wa ƙungiyoyi kusan 20 wasa a lokacin aikinsa, inda ya fafata a [[Portugal]], [[Koriya ta Kudu]] da [[Japan]], kuma ya tara jimillar wasanni 93 da kwallaye 23 a gasar Primeira Liga a tsawon shekaru bakwai. A ƙasarsa, ya wakilci ƙungiyoyi da dama a yankin Arewa maso Gabas . == Aikin ƙwallon ƙafa == === Shekarun farko / Boavista === An haifi Serginho a Rio Real, Bahia, kuma ya fara aikinsa na ƙwararru tare da Esporte Clube Bahia, sannan ya tafi ƙungiyoyi a Alagoas . A shekarar 2001–02, ya koma ƙasar waje ya koma ƙungiyar Boavista FC mai riƙe da kambun gasar Portugal, inda ya zira kwallaye bakwai a wasanni 22 yayin da ƙungiyar [[Porto|arewa]] ta kare a matsayi na biyu; ya kuma buga wasanni biyar (fara wasa biyu) a [[UEFA Champions League|gasar zakarun Turai ta UEFA]] ta kakar wasa . A kakar wasa ta 2002-03, Baiano ya yi fice sosai a Boavista - har yanzu yana wasa ɗaya kuma ya zura kwallo ɗaya a gasar cin kofin UEFA - kuma a watan Janairun 2003, ya koma ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta FC Paços de Ferreira, inda ya taimaka mata ta yi daidai da matsayi na shida mafi kyau da kwallaye huɗu daga wasanni 12. === Nacional / Sihiri na farko a Asiya === A lokacin bazara na 2003, Serginho ya rattaba hannu kan kwantiraginsa da FC Porto, amma bai buga wasa mai kyau ba, inda nan take aka ba shi aro ga CD Nacional na Madeira shi ma a babban filin wasa na Portugal. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 November 2003 |title=Oferta pública de subscrição de 2.300.000 obrigações representativas do empréstimo obrigacionista "F.C.Porto – Futebol, SAD" |trans-title=Public offering for subscription of 2,300,000 bonds "F.C.Porto – Futebol, SAD" |url=http://www.fcporto.pt/IncFCP/PDF/Investor_Relations/ObrigacoesFCPorto/Prospecto_FCP_SAD_031106_aprovado_CMVM.pdf |access-date=11 November 2010 |publisher=FC Porto |language=Portuguese}}</ref> Ya zura kwallaye goma mafi kyau a tarihin rayuwarsa a kakarsa ta farko, amma ya samu kwallaye biyu kacal a jere bayan ya amince da yarjejeniyar dindindin bayan musayar 'yan wasa da Adriano Rossato . Ya fara a zagaye na biyu na gasar cin kofin UEFA ta 2004-05, jimilla rashin nasara 1-4 a hannun [[Sevilla FC]], sannan ya tafi a karshen watan Janairun 2005 don Chunnam Dragons na [[Koriya ta Kudu]] . Serginho ya koma Nacional a kakar wasa ta 2005–06, amma bai bayyana ba sosai a sauran zamansa, inda ya bar kulob din a watan Disamba na 2006. === Aikin da ya makara === A ƙarshen shekarar 2006, Serginho ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar da aka yi da Centro Sportivo Alagoano har zuwa ƙarshen gasar cin kofin jihar . <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 January 2007 |title=Boletim informativo diário electrônico (BID-E) relação pela data 25/01/2007 |url=http://www.cbf.com.br/php/bid.php?d=25%2F01%2F2007&uf=AL |access-date=11 November 2010 |publisher=CBF |language=Portuguese}}</ref> Duk da haka, a watan Janairun 2007, ya koma maƙwabciyar ƙungiyar Sport Club Corinthians Alagoano, <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 February 2007 |title=Boletim informativo diário electrônico (BID-E) relação pela data 7/02/2007 |url=http://www.cbf.com.br/php/bid.php?d=07%2F02%2F2007&uf=AL |access-date=11 November 2010 |publisher=CBF |language=Portuguese}}</ref> ya sake canza ƙungiyoyi a wata mai zuwa bayan ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekara ɗaya da ƙungiyar Oita Trinita ta J1 League . <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 November 2007 |title=Relatório de transferências internacionais em 2007 |trans-title=2007 international transfers report |url=http://www.cbf.com.br/bid/ti2007.htm |access-date=10 November 2010 |publisher=CBF |language=Portuguese}}</ref> Serginho ya bar ƙungiyar [[Japan|Jafananci]] a watan Yulin 2007, ya koma wata mai zuwa zuwa América Futebol Clube (RN) har zuwa ƙarshen kakar wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 August 2007 |title=Boletim informativo diário electrônico (BID-E) relação pela data 24/08/2007 |url=http://www.cbf.com.br/php/bid.php?d=24%2F08%2F2007&uf=RN |access-date=11 November 2010 |publisher=CBF |language=Portuguese}}</ref> A watan Satumba, ya sake komawa ƙungiyoyi, inda ya buga wasa sau shida a ƙungiyar Clube Náutico Capibaribe a rukunin farko na kakar wasa . A watan Janairun 2008, yana da shekaru 30, Serginho ya sake komawa CSA har zuwa karshen ''Alagoano'' na 2008. A watan Mayu ya koma wata tsohuwar kungiya, Corinthians Alagoano, inda ya buga gasar cin kofin Brazil ta wannan shekarar ta hanyar shiga gasar cin kofin Brazil ta hanyar shan kashi 1-3 a hannun CR Vasco da Gama a zagayen kwata-kwata (2-8 a jimilla), kuma an sake shi jim kadan bayan haka. A watan Agusta, ya koma Portugal, <ref>{{Cite web |date=January 2009 |title=Transferências para o exterior |trans-title=Outside transfers |url=http://www.cbf.com.br/bid/ti2008.htm |access-date=11 November 2010 |publisher=CBF |language=Portuguese}}</ref> amma ya buga wasa sau daya kawai ga Leixões SC wanda ya kare a matsayi na shida . A cikin Maris 2009, Serginho ya sanya hannu ta São Paulo club Associação Ferroviária de Esportes, inda ya zira kwallaye uku a wasanni takwas a cikin rukuni na biyu na yanki kuma a ƙarshe an sake shi . A watan Mayu, ya koma ASA don gasar rukuni na uku ta ƙasa, amma ya buga wasa sau ɗaya kawai ga ƙungiyar, a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbinsa . A ranar 30 ga Yuni ya tafi CSA a mataki na huɗu, inda ya zira kwallaye a ranar 26 ga Yuli a wasan da suka tashi 1-1 da Central Sport Club ; [1] a watan Satumba na 2009, bayan da ƙungiyar ta kasa samun cancantar shiga zagaye na gaba, ɗan wasan ya koma Bahia bayan kusan shekaru goma da ya yi rashin nasara, inda ya sanya hannu da Fluminense de Feira Futebol Clube har zuwa ƙarshen shekara. A watan Janairun 2010, Santa Helena Esporte Clube ta saye Serginho don Gasar Zakarun Jiha ta Goiás, amma ta tafi zuwa Treze Futebol Clube na Paraíba a wata mai zuwa a cikin kwantiragin watanni uku, <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 February 2010 |title=Boletim informativo diário eletrônico (BID-E) relação pela data 23/02/2010 |url=http://www2.cbf.com.br/php/bid.php?d=23/02/2010&uf=PB |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120513192048/http://www2.cbf.com.br/php/bid.php?d=23/02/2010&uf=PB |archive-date=13 May 2012 |access-date=12 January 2011 |publisher=CBF |language=Portuguese}}</ref> yayin da kungiyar ta kuma fito a gasar cin kofin gida. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1978]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 0csjscf5gr9j64mygzewfyn6y2d4dj5 0 149156 829714 2026-05-04T21:32:32Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1300934743|Reinaldo Alagoano]]" 829714 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Reinaldo Gonçalves Félix''' (an haife shi Afrilu 13, 1986, a Arapiraca ), wanda aka sani da Reinaldo Alagoano, ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Brazil. [1] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1986]] 2uf8h1omk4mtv3pzvcx8lrcwlaaxyrg 829715 829714 2026-05-04T21:34:10Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1300934743|Reinaldo Alagoano]]" 829715 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Reinaldo Gonçalves Félix''' (an haife shi Afrilu 13, 1986, a Arapiraca ), wanda aka sani da Reinaldo Alagoano, ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Brazil. [1]<ref>"FEDERACAO ALAGOANA DE FUTEBOL SÚMULA ON-LINE" (PDF) (in Portuguese). Federação Alagoana de Futebol. 21 September 2019.</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1986]] 5cftxw9l13y1ynfexajk047l22cfsmy 829716 829715 2026-05-04T21:34:35Z Sardeeq 39275 829716 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Reinaldo Gonçalves Félix''' (an haife shi Afrilu 13, 1986, a Arapiraca ), wanda aka sani da Reinaldo Alagoano, ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Brazil. [1]<ref>"FEDERACAO ALAGOANA DE FUTEBOL SÚMULA ON-LINE" (PDF) (in Portuguese). Federação Alagoana de Futebol. 21 September 2019.</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1986]] 50kwb9cwf4jo75zb8g1ed1pjolaw2i4 0 149157 829717 2026-05-04T21:35:20Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1322270145|Aragoney]]" 829717 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Aragoney da Silva Santos''' (an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Maris, 1987) tsohon ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne [[Brazil|na ƙasar Brazil]] . == Sana'a == Aragoney ya buga wa wasu ƙungiyoyin Brazil da Kawasaki Frontale ( Japan ), Portimonense ( Portugal ) da Ulisses ( Armeniya ) daga 2005 zuwa 2013. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1987]] eu8lyusv53u9zbpl7qida728nhmxr4o 829718 829717 2026-05-04T21:36:00Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1322270145|Aragoney]]" 829718 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Aragoney da Silva Santos''' (an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Maris, 1987) tsohon ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne [[Brazil|na ƙasar Brazil]] . <ref>sambafoot.com</ref> == Sana'a == Aragoney ya buga wa wasu ƙungiyoyin Brazil da Kawasaki Frontale ( Japan ), Portimonense ( Portugal ) da Ulisses ( Armeniya ) daga 2005 zuwa 2013. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1987]] 0vaogxyrmlhqs0km7bb6wc4gs9cgyeg 829719 829718 2026-05-04T21:36:27Z Sardeeq 39275 829719 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Aragoney da Silva Santos''' (an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Maris, 1987) tsohon ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne [[Brazil|na ƙasar Brazil]] . <ref>sambafoot.com</ref> == Sana'a == Aragoney ya buga wa wasu ƙungiyoyin Brazil da Kawasaki Frontale ( Japan ), Portimonense ( Portugal ) da Ulisses ( Armeniya ) daga 2005 zuwa 2013. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1987]] ovex200u77mifssa1u8r4c1aqbkvlai 0 149158 829720 2026-05-04T21:37:16Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1258797433|Calisto (footballer)]]" 829720 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Orlando Calisto de Souza''' ko kuma kawai '''Calisto''' (an haife shi a ranar 18 ga Disamba, 1975) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan]] baya ne [[Mai buga baya|na hagu na]] ƙasar Brazil. == Aikin kulob == Ya taɓa bugawa ƙungiyar Rubin Kazan ta Rasha da kuma ƙungiyar Vasco [1] ta Brazil da kuma Atlético Mineiro . == Daraja == * Ƙungiyar Jiha ta Alagoas: 2002 == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{In lang|en}} [http://en.sambafoot.com/players/3188_Calisto.html sambafoot] * {{In lang|pt}} [http://www.netvasco.com.br/futebol/jogadores/151.xml netvasco] == M == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1975]] 38km1idzw8um7jfep5x7uvsmxt9e4fo 829721 829720 2026-05-04T21:37:38Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1258797433|Calisto (footballer)]]" 829721 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Orlando Calisto de Souza''' ko kuma kawai '''Calisto''' (an haife shi a ranar 18 ga Disamba, 1975) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan]] baya ne [[Mai buga baya|na hagu na]] ƙasar Brazil. == Aikin kulob == Ya taɓa bugawa ƙungiyar Rubin Kazan ta Rasha da kuma ƙungiyar Vasco [1] ta Brazil da kuma Atlético Mineiro . == Daraja == * Ƙungiyar Jiha ta Alagoas: 2002 == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{In lang|en}} [http://en.sambafoot.com/players/3188_Calisto.html sambafoot] * {{In lang|pt}} [http://www.netvasco.com.br/futebol/jogadores/151.xml netvasco] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1975]] r09t08xzkef0sc54ltppvcmtyjhjkct 829722 829721 2026-05-04T21:38:00Z Sardeeq 39275 829722 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Orlando Calisto de Souza''' ko kuma kawai '''Calisto''' (an haife shi a ranar 18 ga Disamba, 1975) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan]] baya ne [[Mai buga baya|na hagu na]] ƙasar Brazil. == Aikin kulob == Ya taɓa bugawa ƙungiyar Rubin Kazan ta Rasha da kuma ƙungiyar Vasco [1] ta Brazil da kuma Atlético Mineiro . == Daraja == * Ƙungiyar Jiha ta Alagoas: 2002 == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{In lang|en}} [http://en.sambafoot.com/players/3188_Calisto.html sambafoot] * {{In lang|pt}} [http://www.netvasco.com.br/futebol/jogadores/151.xml netvasco] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1975]] qcan0ayt87jsbh3n3bbd2ew2n1itr40 0 149159 829723 2026-05-04T21:39:30Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1328094205|Aderlan]]" 829723 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Aderlan de Lima Silva''' (an haife shi a ranar 18 ga Agusta 1990), wanda aka fi sani da '''Aderlan''', ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Brazil wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|ɗan baya na dama]] a Sport Recife . == Sana'a == === Farkon aikina === An haife shi a Campina Grande, Paraíba, <ref name="SE">{{Cite web |date=8 November 2019 |title=De Campina Grande: Aderlan é destaque no acesso do Bragantino |trans-title=From Campina Grande: Aderlan is a spotlight in Bragantino's promotion |url=https://soesporte.com.br/aderlan-e-destaque-no-bragantino/ |access-date=25 December 2023 |publisher=Só Esporte |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Aderlan ya kammala wasansa da ƙungiyar garinsu Campinense . <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 July 2022 |title=Aderlan, do Bragantino, sonha em voltar ao Campinense antes de encerrar a carreira |trans-title=Aderlan, from Bragantino, dreams about returning to Campinense before ending his career |url=https://ge.globo.com/pb/futebol/noticia/2022/07/27/aderlan-do-bragantino-sonha-em-voltar-ao-campinense-antes-de-encerrar-a-carreira.ghtml |access-date=25 December 2023 |publisher=[[Grupo Globo|ge]] |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Ya fara buga wasa a ƙungiyar farko a ranar 8 ga Mayu 2009, inda ya buga wasa a rabin lokaci na biyu a wasan da Série B ta sha kashi a gida da Duque de Caxias da ci 2-1. <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 May 2009 |title=De virada e fora de casa, Duque de Caxias bate Campinense |trans-title=In a comeback and away from home, Duque de Caxias defeat Campinense |url=http://www.espn.com.br/noticia/48753_de-virada-e-fora-de-casa-duque-de-caxias-bate-campinense |access-date=25 December 2023 |website=ESPN |publisher=[[ESPN Brasil]] |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Aderlan ya ci kwallonsa ta farko a babban ɗan wasa a ranar 20 ga Satumba 2009, inda ya ci ta hanyar bugun fenariti a wasan da suka yi da {{Interlanguage link|Sociedade Esportiva Queimadense|pt}} a waje., don gasar Copa Paraíba ta shekara; a wannan gasar, ƙungiyar ta yi amfani da "ƙungiyar B". <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 September 2009 |title=Veja escalação do Campinense B para estreia neste domingo |trans-title=See the lineup of Campinense B for the debut this Sunday |url=https://jornaldaparaiba.com.br/esportes/veja-escalacao-do-campinense-b-para-estreia-neste-domingo/ |access-date=25 December 2023 |publisher=Jornal da Paraíba |language=pt-BR}}</ref> A watan Maris na 2011, bayan an yi amfani da shi kaɗan, ya koma Joinville, <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 March 2011 |title=Joinville contrata o lateral-direito Aderlan, ex-Campinense-PB |trans-title=Joinville sign right-back Aderlan, formerly of Campinense-PB |url=https://gauchazh.clicrbs.com.br/geral/noticia/2011/03/joinville-contrata-o-lateral-direito-aderlan-ex-campinense-pb-3243278.html |access-date=3 June 2019 |publisher=Clic RBS |language=pt-BR}}</ref> amma bai taɓa buga wasa ɗaya ba ga ƙungiyar. A ƙarshen shekarar 2011, Aderlan ya koma ƙasarsa ta haihuwa ya kuma koma Treze don buga gasar Copa Paraíba. A watan Janairu mai zuwa, an ba shi aro ga Itapipoca, <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 February 2012 |title=Irmão de Carlinhos Paraíba perto de acertar com o Treze |trans-title=Carlos Paraíba's brother close to signing with Treze |url=https://www.jornaldaparaiba.com.br/esportes/irmao-de-carlinhos-paraiba-perto-de-acertar-com-o-treze.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510142815/https://www.jornaldaparaiba.com.br/esportes/irmao-de-carlinhos-paraiba-perto-de-acertar-com-o-treze.html |archive-date=10 May 2021 |access-date=3 June 2019 |publisher=Jornal da Paraíba |language=pt-BR}}</ref> amma ya koma ƙungiyar iyayensa don gasar Série C ta 2012, kuma an sayar da shi ga wata ƙungiyar masu zuba jari da ba a ambata sunanta ba a watan Oktoban 2012. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2012 |title=Treze fecha negociação do lateral Aderlan com grupo de empresários |trans-title=Treze complete negotiation of full back Aderlan with group of investors |url=https://globoesporte.globo.com/pb/noticia/2012/10/treze-fecha-negociacao-do-lateral-aderlan-com-grupo-de-empresarios.html |access-date=3 June 2019 |publisher=[[Globo Esporte]] |language=pt-BR}}</ref> A ranar 10 ga Janairu 2013, Aderlan ya amince da kwangila da Corinthians Alagoano . <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 January 2013 |title=Corinthians-AL contrata mais quatro jogadores para Campeonato Estadual |trans-title=Corinthians-AL sign four more players for the State League |url=https://globoesporte.globo.com/al/noticia/2013/01/corinthians-al-contrata-mais-quatro-jogadores-para-campeonato-estadual.html |access-date=3 June 2019 |publisher=Globo Esporte |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Kamar yadda ya fara wasa akai-akai, an ba shi aro ga CSA don Série D na 2013, <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 May 2013 |title=Aderlan, Evson e Odair Lucas são reforços do CSA para Série D |trans-title=Aderlan, Evson and Odair Lucas are additions for the Série D |url=https://www.alagoas24horas.com.br/471494/aderlan-evson-e-odair-lucas-sao-reforcos-do-csa-para-serie-d/ |access-date=3 June 2019 |publisher=Alagoas 24 Horas |language=pt-BR}}</ref> amma ya buga wasa ɗaya kawai kafin a ba shi haƙƙinsa na tarayya ga Santa Rita, bayan da ƙungiyar ta haɗu da Corinthians a kakar wasa ta 2014. === Kwalejin === Aderlan ya koma ƙasar waje a karon farko a rayuwarsa a ranar 4 ga Yuni 2014, bayan ya amince da yarjejeniyar aro na shekaru biyu tare da ƙungiyar Académica de Coimbra ta Portugal, wacce ke buga wasa a gasar Primeira Liga . [1] Ya fara buga wasa a ƙasar waje a ranar 14 ga Satumba, inda ya fara da rashin nasara a hannun Boavista FC da ci 1-0. kuma ya zura kwallonsa ta farko a ranar 2 ga Nuwamba a wasan da suka tashi kunnen doki 1-1 da SC Braga a gida. [2] === Luverdense === A ranar 14 ga Disamba 2016, an sanar da Aderlan a Luverdense a rukuni na biyu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 December 2016 |title=Luverdense anuncia seis reforços e retorno de atacante |trans-title=Luverdense announce six additions and return of forward |url=http://luverdense.com.br/2014/luverdense-anuncia-seis-reforcos-retorno-de-atacante/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190603195456/http://luverdense.com.br/2014/luverdense-anuncia-seis-reforcos-retorno-de-atacante/ |archive-date=3 June 2019 |access-date=3 June 2019 |publisher=Luverdense EC |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Da farko ya zama mai tsaron baya, ya zama ɗan wasan farko na yau da kullun a gasar Série B ta shekarar, inda ya ba da gudummawa da ƙwallo ɗaya a wasanni 32. === América Mineiro === A ranar 10 ga Janairun 2018, Aderlan ya rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar América Mineiro, wacce har yanzu mallakar Santa Rita ce. <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 January 2018 |title=América confirma a contratação do lateral Aderlan |trans-title=América sign full back Aderlan |url=https://americamineiro.com.br/club/news/2018/1/10/america-confirma-a-contratacao-do-lateral-aderlan/ |access-date=3 June 2019 |publisher=América Mineiro |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Ya fara buga wasa a matakin farko a ranar 14 ga Mayu, inda ya fara da kunnen doki 2-2 da Ceará, kuma ya kammala kakar wasa a matsayin wanda zai fara taka leda yayin da kungiyarsa ta sha kashi a gasar. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1990]] 0fuhsm1p78iodt2u1s8hzhswlh3lmmz 829724 829723 2026-05-04T21:40:02Z Sardeeq 39275 829724 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Aderlan de Lima Silva''' (an haife shi a ranar 18 ga Agusta 1990), wanda aka fi sani da '''Aderlan''', ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Brazil wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|ɗan baya na dama]] a Sport Recife . == Sana'a == === Farkon aikina === An haife shi a Campina Grande, Paraíba, <ref name="SE">{{Cite web |date=8 November 2019 |title=De Campina Grande: Aderlan é destaque no acesso do Bragantino |trans-title=From Campina Grande: Aderlan is a spotlight in Bragantino's promotion |url=https://soesporte.com.br/aderlan-e-destaque-no-bragantino/ |access-date=25 December 2023 |publisher=Só Esporte |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Aderlan ya kammala wasansa da ƙungiyar garinsu Campinense . <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 July 2022 |title=Aderlan, do Bragantino, sonha em voltar ao Campinense antes de encerrar a carreira |trans-title=Aderlan, from Bragantino, dreams about returning to Campinense before ending his career |url=https://ge.globo.com/pb/futebol/noticia/2022/07/27/aderlan-do-bragantino-sonha-em-voltar-ao-campinense-antes-de-encerrar-a-carreira.ghtml |access-date=25 December 2023 |publisher=[[Grupo Globo|ge]] |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Ya fara buga wasa a ƙungiyar farko a ranar 8 ga Mayu 2009, inda ya buga wasa a rabin lokaci na biyu a wasan da Série B ta sha kashi a gida da Duque de Caxias da ci 2-1. <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 May 2009 |title=De virada e fora de casa, Duque de Caxias bate Campinense |trans-title=In a comeback and away from home, Duque de Caxias defeat Campinense |url=http://www.espn.com.br/noticia/48753_de-virada-e-fora-de-casa-duque-de-caxias-bate-campinense |access-date=25 December 2023 |website=ESPN |publisher=[[ESPN Brasil]] |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Aderlan ya ci kwallonsa ta farko a babban ɗan wasa a ranar 20 ga Satumba 2009, inda ya ci ta hanyar bugun fenariti a wasan da suka yi da {{Interlanguage link|Sociedade Esportiva Queimadense|pt}} a waje., don gasar Copa Paraíba ta shekara; a wannan gasar, ƙungiyar ta yi amfani da "ƙungiyar B". <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 September 2009 |title=Veja escalação do Campinense B para estreia neste domingo |trans-title=See the lineup of Campinense B for the debut this Sunday |url=https://jornaldaparaiba.com.br/esportes/veja-escalacao-do-campinense-b-para-estreia-neste-domingo/ |access-date=25 December 2023 |publisher=Jornal da Paraíba |language=pt-BR}}</ref> A watan Maris na 2011, bayan an yi amfani da shi kaɗan, ya koma Joinville, <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 March 2011 |title=Joinville contrata o lateral-direito Aderlan, ex-Campinense-PB |trans-title=Joinville sign right-back Aderlan, formerly of Campinense-PB |url=https://gauchazh.clicrbs.com.br/geral/noticia/2011/03/joinville-contrata-o-lateral-direito-aderlan-ex-campinense-pb-3243278.html |access-date=3 June 2019 |publisher=Clic RBS |language=pt-BR}}</ref> amma bai taɓa buga wasa ɗaya ba ga ƙungiyar. A ƙarshen shekarar 2011, Aderlan ya koma ƙasarsa ta haihuwa ya kuma koma Treze don buga gasar Copa Paraíba. A watan Janairu mai zuwa, an ba shi aro ga Itapipoca, <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 February 2012 |title=Irmão de Carlinhos Paraíba perto de acertar com o Treze |trans-title=Carlos Paraíba's brother close to signing with Treze |url=https://www.jornaldaparaiba.com.br/esportes/irmao-de-carlinhos-paraiba-perto-de-acertar-com-o-treze.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510142815/https://www.jornaldaparaiba.com.br/esportes/irmao-de-carlinhos-paraiba-perto-de-acertar-com-o-treze.html |archive-date=10 May 2021 |access-date=3 June 2019 |publisher=Jornal da Paraíba |language=pt-BR}}</ref> amma ya koma ƙungiyar iyayensa don gasar Série C ta 2012, kuma an sayar da shi ga wata ƙungiyar masu zuba jari da ba a ambata sunanta ba a watan Oktoban 2012. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2012 |title=Treze fecha negociação do lateral Aderlan com grupo de empresários |trans-title=Treze complete negotiation of full back Aderlan with group of investors |url=https://globoesporte.globo.com/pb/noticia/2012/10/treze-fecha-negociacao-do-lateral-aderlan-com-grupo-de-empresarios.html |access-date=3 June 2019 |publisher=[[Globo Esporte]] |language=pt-BR}}</ref> A ranar 10 ga Janairu 2013, Aderlan ya amince da kwangila da Corinthians Alagoano . <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 January 2013 |title=Corinthians-AL contrata mais quatro jogadores para Campeonato Estadual |trans-title=Corinthians-AL sign four more players for the State League |url=https://globoesporte.globo.com/al/noticia/2013/01/corinthians-al-contrata-mais-quatro-jogadores-para-campeonato-estadual.html |access-date=3 June 2019 |publisher=Globo Esporte |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Kamar yadda ya fara wasa akai-akai, an ba shi aro ga CSA don Série D na 2013, <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 May 2013 |title=Aderlan, Evson e Odair Lucas são reforços do CSA para Série D |trans-title=Aderlan, Evson and Odair Lucas are additions for the Série D |url=https://www.alagoas24horas.com.br/471494/aderlan-evson-e-odair-lucas-sao-reforcos-do-csa-para-serie-d/ |access-date=3 June 2019 |publisher=Alagoas 24 Horas |language=pt-BR}}</ref> amma ya buga wasa ɗaya kawai kafin a ba shi haƙƙinsa na tarayya ga Santa Rita, bayan da ƙungiyar ta haɗu da Corinthians a kakar wasa ta 2014. === Kwalejin === Aderlan ya koma ƙasar waje a karon farko a rayuwarsa a ranar 4 ga Yuni 2014, bayan ya amince da yarjejeniyar aro na shekaru biyu tare da ƙungiyar Académica de Coimbra ta Portugal, wacce ke buga wasa a gasar Primeira Liga . [1] Ya fara buga wasa a ƙasar waje a ranar 14 ga Satumba, inda ya fara da rashin nasara a hannun Boavista FC da ci 1-0. kuma ya zura kwallonsa ta farko a ranar 2 ga Nuwamba a wasan da suka tashi kunnen doki 1-1 da SC Braga a gida. [2] === Luverdense === A ranar 14 ga Disamba 2016, an sanar da Aderlan a Luverdense a rukuni na biyu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 December 2016 |title=Luverdense anuncia seis reforços e retorno de atacante |trans-title=Luverdense announce six additions and return of forward |url=http://luverdense.com.br/2014/luverdense-anuncia-seis-reforcos-retorno-de-atacante/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190603195456/http://luverdense.com.br/2014/luverdense-anuncia-seis-reforcos-retorno-de-atacante/ |archive-date=3 June 2019 |access-date=3 June 2019 |publisher=Luverdense EC |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Da farko ya zama mai tsaron baya, ya zama ɗan wasan farko na yau da kullun a gasar Série B ta shekarar, inda ya ba da gudummawa da ƙwallo ɗaya a wasanni 32. === América Mineiro === A ranar 10 ga Janairun 2018, Aderlan ya rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar América Mineiro, wacce har yanzu mallakar Santa Rita ce. <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 January 2018 |title=América confirma a contratação do lateral Aderlan |trans-title=América sign full back Aderlan |url=https://americamineiro.com.br/club/news/2018/1/10/america-confirma-a-contratacao-do-lateral-aderlan/ |access-date=3 June 2019 |publisher=América Mineiro |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Ya fara buga wasa a matakin farko a ranar 14 ga Mayu, inda ya fara da kunnen doki 2-2 da Ceará, kuma ya kammala kakar wasa a matsayin wanda zai fara taka leda yayin da kungiyarsa ta sha kashi a gasar. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1990]] 0rabtemc9v8ugak2huufq4uwngl3wu5 0 149160 829728 2026-05-04T21:45:55Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1271838565|Branquinho (footballer, born 1989)]]" 829728 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Álvaro André Rodrigues da Silva''' (an haife shi a watan Nuwamba 14, 1989, a Paulista ), ko kuma kawai '''Branquinho''', ɗan wasan Brazil ne . A halin yanzu yana bugawa Manaus wasa . == Sana'a == Ya fara aikinsa a Salgueiro a shekarar 2009. Ba da daɗewa ba, ya koma América (PE), inda yake cikin ƙungiyar da ta sami damar shiga ƙungiyar Campeonato Pernambucano mai ƙarfi a shekarar 2010. Ya yi fice a Campeonato Pernambucano a shekarar 2011 kuma ya jawo hankalin Recife Sport, wacce ta ɗauke shi aiki a matsayin aro don ya fafata da Campeonato Brasileiro Série B a shekarar 2011. <ref>{{Cite web |date=April 2011 |title=Branquinho no Sport e outras novidades |url=http://www.blogdomequinha.com.br/2011/04/branquinho-no-sport-e-outras-novidades.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190418194413/http://www.blogdomequinha.com.br/2011/04/branquinho-no-sport-e-outras-novidades.html |archive-date=2019-04-18 |access-date=2019-06-18 |publisher=Blog de Mequinha |language=pt}}</ref> Duk da haka, ɗan wasan bai samu damar yin wasa da yawa a ƙungiyar baƙar fata ba, kuma ya buga wasanni 8 kacal. Ya sanya hannu a matsayin aro tare da Santa Cruz a kakar wasa ta 2012 kuma ya buga wasa a shekarar 2012 Campeonato Brasileiro Série C. <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 December 2011 |title=superesportes.com.br |url=https://www.pe.superesportes.com.br/app/18,103/2011/12/23/noticia_santa_cruz,14519/santa-cruz-apresenta-branquinho-nesta-manha.shtml |language=pt}}</ref> An sanar da Branquinho a matsayin "babban ɗan wasa" ga Corinthians-AL a watan Disamba na 2012. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 December 2012 |title=Corinthians Alagoano contrata meia-atacante Branquinho, ex-Santa Cruz |url=http://gazetaweb.globo.com/portal/noticia-old.php?c=329167&e= |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191208211054/http://gazetaweb.globo.com/portal/noticia-old.php?c=329167&e= |archive-date=8 December 2019 |access-date=18 June 2019 |publisher=Globo |language=pt}}</ref> Duk da haka, a ƙarshen Fabrairu na 2013 ya sanya hannu don Passo Fundo don buga wasa a Campeonato Gaúcho . <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 February 2013 |title=Trio de novidades no Passo Fundo |url=http://esportche.rs/2013/02/trio-de-novidades-no-passo-fundo/ |publisher=esportchê.rs |language=pt}}</ref> Ya koma ƙungiyar iyaye ta América (PE) don shiga rukuni na biyu na Campeonato Pernambuco a rabin na biyu na 2013, kafin ya sanya hannu don Linense don Campeonato Paulista na 2014. <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 December 2013 |title=Paulistão: Linense contrata ex-atacante de Sport e Santa Cruz |url=https://www.futebolinterior.com.br/futebol/Linense-SP/noticias/2013-12/Paulistao:-Linense-contrata-Branquinho-ex-Sport-e-Santa-Cruz |publisher=Futebol Interior |language=pt}}</ref> A watan Agusta na 2014, Branquinho yana ɗaya daga cikin 'yan Brazil huɗu da suka sanya hannu a ƙungiyar Tarxien Rainbows ta Maltese Premier League a kakar wasa ta 2014–15. <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 August 2014 |title=Tarxien Rainbows Present New Signings |url=http://www.maltafootball.com/2014/08/09/tarxien-rainbows-present-new-signings/ |publisher=maltafootball.com}}</ref> Bai gama kakar wasa ba, kuma a watan Janairun 2015 ya koma Brazil da kuma Passo Fundo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 January 2015 |title=Branquinho volta ao EC Passo Fundo |url=https://diariodamanha.com/noticias/branquinho-volta-ao-ec-passo-fundo/ |publisher=Diário da Manhã |language=pt}}</ref> A cikin Mayu 2015, Caxias do Sul ya gabatar da Branquinho a matsayin ƙarfafawa ga 2015 Campeonato Brasileiro Série C. <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 May 2015 |title=S.E.R. Caxias apresenta mais dois reforços para a Série C |url=http://www.sercaxias.com.br/imprensa/noticias_detalhes/822 |publisher=S.E.R. Caxias do Sul Official Site |language=pt}}</ref> Bayan watanni uku, da rabin dozin wasanni da aka buga, ya koma Ypiranga don yakin neman zaben su na 2015 Campeonato Brasileiro Série D, wanda ya ƙare a ci gaba. <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 2015 |title=Ypiranga apresentará novo atacante nesta quarta |url=http://www.yfc.com.br/noticia/ypiranga-apresentara-novo-atacante-nesta-quarta/ |publisher=Ypiranga F.C. Official Site |language=pt}}</ref> <ref name="rdplanato">{{Cite web |date=9 November 2015 |title=Branquinho está de volta ao Esporte Clube Passo Fundo |url=http://rdplanalto.com/noticias/12701/upf.br |publisher=rádio planato |language=pt}}</ref> Branquinho ya koma Passo Fundo a karo na uku a watan Nuwamba na 2015, a lokacin da za a buga gasar Campeonato Gaúcho ta 2016. <ref name="rdplanato">{{Cite web |date=9 November 2015 |title=Branquinho está de volta ao Esporte Clube Passo Fundo |url=http://rdplanalto.com/noticias/12701/upf.br |publisher=rádio planato |language=pt}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[http://rdplanalto.com/noticias/12701/upf.br "Branquinho está de volta ao Esporte Clube Passo Fundo"] (in Portuguese). rádio planato. 9 November 2015.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Portuguese-language sources (pt)]]</ref> A watan Yunin 2016 ya koma América (PE), inda ya zira kwallaye biyu a wasansa na farko a kakar wasa ta Campeonato Brasileiro Série D ta 2016. <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 June 2016 |title=Com dois de Branquinho, América-PE bate o Galícia na abertura da Série D |url=http://globoesporte.globo.com/pe/caruaru-regiao/futebol/noticia/2016/06/com-dois-de-branquinho-america-pe-bate-o-galicia-na-abertura-da-serie-d.html |publisher=Globo Esporte |language=pt}}</ref> A cikin 2017 Branquinho ya fara taimaka wa Novo Hamburgo don lashe Campeonato Gaúcho, sannan ya taimaka wa São Bento ya ci nasara daga 2017 Campeonato Brasileiro Série C. [1] Ya koma Novo Hamburgo a farkon rabin kakar 2018 kuma ya zauna don wakiltar su a cikin 2018 Campeonato Brasileiro Série D, kafin ya shiga tare da São Bento kuma ya zira kwallaye a wasan farko na gida da Coritiba a kan 24 Yuli 2018. [2] A cikin Janairu 2019, Branquinho ya sanya hannu tare da Brasil de Pelotas . <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 January 2019 |title=Campeão gaúcho em 2017, Branquinho quer repetir o feito no Brasil de Pelotas |url=https://www.bol.uol.com.br/esporte/2019/01/18/campeao-gaucho-em-2017-branquinho-quer-repetir-o-feito-no-brasil-de-pelotas.htm |publisher=bol.uol.com.br |language=pt}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1989]] i7duraec4tp2v6m7yjrwuxpin9m97d6 829729 829728 2026-05-04T21:46:17Z Sardeeq 39275 829729 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Álvaro André Rodrigues da Silva''' (an haife shi a watan Nuwamba 14, 1989, a Paulista ), ko kuma kawai '''Branquinho''', ɗan wasan Brazil ne . A halin yanzu yana bugawa Manaus wasa . == Sana'a == Ya fara aikinsa a Salgueiro a shekarar 2009. Ba da daɗewa ba, ya koma América (PE), inda yake cikin ƙungiyar da ta sami damar shiga ƙungiyar Campeonato Pernambucano mai ƙarfi a shekarar 2010. Ya yi fice a Campeonato Pernambucano a shekarar 2011 kuma ya jawo hankalin Recife Sport, wacce ta ɗauke shi aiki a matsayin aro don ya fafata da Campeonato Brasileiro Série B a shekarar 2011. <ref>{{Cite web |date=April 2011 |title=Branquinho no Sport e outras novidades |url=http://www.blogdomequinha.com.br/2011/04/branquinho-no-sport-e-outras-novidades.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190418194413/http://www.blogdomequinha.com.br/2011/04/branquinho-no-sport-e-outras-novidades.html |archive-date=2019-04-18 |access-date=2019-06-18 |publisher=Blog de Mequinha |language=pt}}</ref> Duk da haka, ɗan wasan bai samu damar yin wasa da yawa a ƙungiyar baƙar fata ba, kuma ya buga wasanni 8 kacal. Ya sanya hannu a matsayin aro tare da Santa Cruz a kakar wasa ta 2012 kuma ya buga wasa a shekarar 2012 Campeonato Brasileiro Série C. <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 December 2011 |title=superesportes.com.br |url=https://www.pe.superesportes.com.br/app/18,103/2011/12/23/noticia_santa_cruz,14519/santa-cruz-apresenta-branquinho-nesta-manha.shtml |language=pt}}</ref> An sanar da Branquinho a matsayin "babban ɗan wasa" ga Corinthians-AL a watan Disamba na 2012. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 December 2012 |title=Corinthians Alagoano contrata meia-atacante Branquinho, ex-Santa Cruz |url=http://gazetaweb.globo.com/portal/noticia-old.php?c=329167&e= |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191208211054/http://gazetaweb.globo.com/portal/noticia-old.php?c=329167&e= |archive-date=8 December 2019 |access-date=18 June 2019 |publisher=Globo |language=pt}}</ref> Duk da haka, a ƙarshen Fabrairu na 2013 ya sanya hannu don Passo Fundo don buga wasa a Campeonato Gaúcho . <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 February 2013 |title=Trio de novidades no Passo Fundo |url=http://esportche.rs/2013/02/trio-de-novidades-no-passo-fundo/ |publisher=esportchê.rs |language=pt}}</ref> Ya koma ƙungiyar iyaye ta América (PE) don shiga rukuni na biyu na Campeonato Pernambuco a rabin na biyu na 2013, kafin ya sanya hannu don Linense don Campeonato Paulista na 2014. <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 December 2013 |title=Paulistão: Linense contrata ex-atacante de Sport e Santa Cruz |url=https://www.futebolinterior.com.br/futebol/Linense-SP/noticias/2013-12/Paulistao:-Linense-contrata-Branquinho-ex-Sport-e-Santa-Cruz |publisher=Futebol Interior |language=pt}}</ref> A watan Agusta na 2014, Branquinho yana ɗaya daga cikin 'yan Brazil huɗu da suka sanya hannu a ƙungiyar Tarxien Rainbows ta Maltese Premier League a kakar wasa ta 2014–15. <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 August 2014 |title=Tarxien Rainbows Present New Signings |url=http://www.maltafootball.com/2014/08/09/tarxien-rainbows-present-new-signings/ |publisher=maltafootball.com}}</ref> Bai gama kakar wasa ba, kuma a watan Janairun 2015 ya koma Brazil da kuma Passo Fundo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 January 2015 |title=Branquinho volta ao EC Passo Fundo |url=https://diariodamanha.com/noticias/branquinho-volta-ao-ec-passo-fundo/ |publisher=Diário da Manhã |language=pt}}</ref> A cikin Mayu 2015, Caxias do Sul ya gabatar da Branquinho a matsayin ƙarfafawa ga 2015 Campeonato Brasileiro Série C. <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 May 2015 |title=S.E.R. Caxias apresenta mais dois reforços para a Série C |url=http://www.sercaxias.com.br/imprensa/noticias_detalhes/822 |publisher=S.E.R. Caxias do Sul Official Site |language=pt}}</ref> Bayan watanni uku, da rabin dozin wasanni da aka buga, ya koma Ypiranga don yakin neman zaben su na 2015 Campeonato Brasileiro Série D, wanda ya ƙare a ci gaba. <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 2015 |title=Ypiranga apresentará novo atacante nesta quarta |url=http://www.yfc.com.br/noticia/ypiranga-apresentara-novo-atacante-nesta-quarta/ |publisher=Ypiranga F.C. Official Site |language=pt}}</ref> <ref name="rdplanato">{{Cite web |date=9 November 2015 |title=Branquinho está de volta ao Esporte Clube Passo Fundo |url=http://rdplanalto.com/noticias/12701/upf.br |publisher=rádio planato |language=pt}}</ref> Branquinho ya koma Passo Fundo a karo na uku a watan Nuwamba na 2015, a lokacin da za a buga gasar Campeonato Gaúcho ta 2016. <ref name="rdplanato">{{Cite web |date=9 November 2015 |title=Branquinho está de volta ao Esporte Clube Passo Fundo |url=http://rdplanalto.com/noticias/12701/upf.br |publisher=rádio planato |language=pt}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[http://rdplanalto.com/noticias/12701/upf.br "Branquinho está de volta ao Esporte Clube Passo Fundo"] (in Portuguese). rádio planato. 9 November 2015.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Portuguese-language sources (pt)]]</ref> A watan Yunin 2016 ya koma América (PE), inda ya zira kwallaye biyu a wasansa na farko a kakar wasa ta Campeonato Brasileiro Série D ta 2016. <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 June 2016 |title=Com dois de Branquinho, América-PE bate o Galícia na abertura da Série D |url=http://globoesporte.globo.com/pe/caruaru-regiao/futebol/noticia/2016/06/com-dois-de-branquinho-america-pe-bate-o-galicia-na-abertura-da-serie-d.html |publisher=Globo Esporte |language=pt}}</ref> A cikin 2017 Branquinho ya fara taimaka wa Novo Hamburgo don lashe Campeonato Gaúcho, sannan ya taimaka wa São Bento ya ci nasara daga 2017 Campeonato Brasileiro Série C. [1] Ya koma Novo Hamburgo a farkon rabin kakar 2018 kuma ya zauna don wakiltar su a cikin 2018 Campeonato Brasileiro Série D, kafin ya shiga tare da São Bento kuma ya zira kwallaye a wasan farko na gida da Coritiba a kan 24 Yuli 2018. [2] A cikin Janairu 2019, Branquinho ya sanya hannu tare da Brasil de Pelotas . <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 January 2019 |title=Campeão gaúcho em 2017, Branquinho quer repetir o feito no Brasil de Pelotas |url=https://www.bol.uol.com.br/esporte/2019/01/18/campeao-gaucho-em-2017-branquinho-quer-repetir-o-feito-no-brasil-de-pelotas.htm |publisher=bol.uol.com.br |language=pt}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1989]] 3pd2tzgdjvk9mrru4ik16up3btnsec7 0 149161 829731 2026-05-04T21:49:02Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1292665291|João Burse]]" 829731 wikitext text/x-wiki '''João Batista Donizete Dressler Burse''' (an haife shi 10 Yuni 1982) ƙwararren mai horar [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|da ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Brazil kuma tsohon ɗan wasa. Burse, [[Mai buga baya|mai tsaron baya na tsakiya]], ya shafe mafi yawan aikinsa a Brazil, da kuma na ɗan lokaci a Japan da Chile. == Sana'ar wasa == An haife shi a Estiva Gerbi, São Paulo, Burse ya kammala karatunsa na matasa a Mogi Mirim . An ƙara masa matsayi zuwa ƙungiyar farko a shekarar 1999, ya buga wa ƙungiyar wasa har zuwa 2002, <ref name="FI">{{Cite web |date=29 January 2014 |title=Técnico deixa Sub-20 do Mogi para comandar o Vitória |trans-title=Manager leaves Mogi's under-20 to take over Vitória |url=https://www.futebolinterior.com.br/news/298495+Tecnico_deixa_Sub-20_do_Mogi_para_comandar_o_Vitoria |access-date=8 November 2018 |publisher=Futebol Interior |language=pt}}</ref> sannan ya wakilci Nagoya Grampus, Corinthians Alagoano, União Barbarense da kuma ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 23 ta Universidad Católica . Ya yi ritaya yana da shekara 24 saboda mummunan rauni da ya samu a gidan yari . <ref name="UdF">{{Cite web |date=8 February 2013 |title=João Burse, técnico do Mogi Mirim sub-20 |trans-title=João Burse, manager of Mogi's under-20s |url=https://universidadedofutebol.com.br/joao-burse-tecnico-do-mogi-mirim-sub-20/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181108224720/https://universidadedofutebol.com.br/joao-burse-tecnico-do-mogi-mirim-sub-20/ |archive-date=8 November 2018 |access-date=8 November 2018 |publisher=Universidade do Futebol |language=pt}}</ref> == Aikin koyarwa == Bayan ya yi ritaya, Burse ya koma kulob dinsa na farko Mogi Mirim a matsayin kocin motsa jiki na 'yan kasa da shekara 15. Daga baya aka nada shi babban kocin rukuni, sannan daga baya ya jagoranci 'yan kasa da shekara 20. <ref name="UdF">{{Cite web |date=8 February 2013 |title=João Burse, técnico do Mogi Mirim sub-20 |trans-title=João Burse, manager of Mogi's under-20s |url=https://universidadedofutebol.com.br/joao-burse-tecnico-do-mogi-mirim-sub-20/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181108224720/https://universidadedofutebol.com.br/joao-burse-tecnico-do-mogi-mirim-sub-20/ |archive-date=8 November 2018 |access-date=8 November 2018 |publisher=Universidade do Futebol |language=pt}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20181108224720/https://universidadedofutebol.com.br/joao-burse-tecnico-do-mogi-mirim-sub-20/ "João Burse, técnico do Mogi Mirim sub-20"] &#x5B;João Burse, manager of Mogi's under-20s&#x5D; (in Portuguese). Universidade do Futebol. 8 February 2013. Archived from [https://universidadedofutebol.com.br/joao-burse-tecnico-do-mogi-mirim-sub-20/ the original] on 8 November 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 November</span> 2018</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Portuguese-language sources (pt)]]</ref> A ranar 29 ga Janairu 2014, an nada Burse a matsayin kocin tawagar 'yan kasa da shekara 17 ta Vitória . <ref name="FI">{{Cite web |date=29 January 2014 |title=Técnico deixa Sub-20 do Mogi para comandar o Vitória |trans-title=Manager leaves Mogi's under-20 to take over Vitória |url=https://www.futebolinterior.com.br/news/298495+Tecnico_deixa_Sub-20_do_Mogi_para_comandar_o_Vitoria |access-date=8 November 2018 |publisher=Futebol Interior |language=pt}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.futebolinterior.com.br/news/298495+Tecnico_deixa_Sub-20_do_Mogi_para_comandar_o_Vitoria "Técnico deixa Sub-20 do Mogi para comandar o Vitória"] &#x5B;Manager leaves Mogi's under-20 to take over Vitória&#x5D; (in Portuguese). Futebol Interior. 29 January 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 November</span> 2018</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Portuguese-language sources (pt)]]</ref> A ranar 17 ga Satumba na shekara mai zuwa, an nada shi a matsayin kocin kungiyar 'yan kasa da shekara 20 ta Palmeiras . <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 September 2018 |title=João Burse é o novo treinador da equipe Sub-20 do Palmeiras |trans-title=João Burse is the new manager of the under-20 team of Palmeiras |url=http://www.palmeiras.com.br/noticias/id/36454 |access-date=8 November 2018 |publisher=SE Palmeiras |language=pt}}</ref> Bayan da ''Verdão'' ya kore shi a ranar 16 ga Mayu 2017, <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 May 2017 |title=Palmeiras demite João Burse, treinador da equipe sub-20 |trans-title=Palmeiras sack João Burse, manager of the under-20 team |url=https://globoesporte.globo.com/futebol/times/palmeiras/noticia/palmeiras-demite-tecnico-joao-burse-da-equipe-sub-20.ghtml |access-date=8 November 2018 |publisher=[[Globo Esporte]] |language=pt}}</ref> Burse ya koma Vitória a ranar 20 ga Satumba ya kuma karɓi ragamar ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 20. <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 September 2017 |title=De volta à casa |trans-title=Back home |url=http://www.ecvitoria.com.br/de-volta-a-casa/ |access-date=8 November 2018 |publisher=EC Vitória |language=pt}}</ref> Kafin yaƙin neman zaɓe na 2018, shi ma yana kan gaba a ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 23. A ranar 31 ga Yulin 2018, bayan korar Vágner Mancini, an nada Burse a matsayin kocin riƙo na babban ƙungiyar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=31 July 2018 |title=Confirmado como interino, João Burse quer mudar cara do Vitória na Série A |trans-title=Confirmed as interim, João Burse wants to change how Vitória look in the Série A |url=https://globoesporte.globo.com/ba/futebol/times/vitoria/noticia/confirmado-como-interino-joao-burse-quer-mudar-cara-do-vitoria-na-serie-a.ghtml |access-date=8 November 2018 |publisher=Globo Esporte |language=pt}}</ref> Ya koma matsayinsa na baya a ranar 14 ga Agusta, bayan naɗa Paulo César Carpegiani . A ranar 6 ga Nuwamba 2018, an sake nada Burse a matsayin wanda zai jagoranci sauran wasanni shida na kakar wasa, inda ya maye gurbin Carpegiani da aka kora. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 November 2018 |title=Comunicado oficial |trans-title=Official announcement |url=http://www.ecvitoria.com.br/comunicado-oficial-17/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181108224724/http://www.ecvitoria.com.br/comunicado-oficial-17/ |archive-date=8 November 2018 |access-date=8 November 2018 |publisher=EC Vitória |language=pt}}</ref> Bayan da kungiyar ta fadi daga gasar, ya koma matsayinsa na baya. A ranar 22 ga Oktoba 2019, an nada Burse a matsayin babban kocin Cianorte a kakar wasa mai zuwa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 October 2019 |title=João Burse deixa o comando do sub-23 do Vitória e vai treinar o Cianorte |trans-title=João Burse leaves the under-23 team of Vitória and will manage Cianorte |url=http://atarde.uol.com.br/esportes/vitoria/noticias/2101524-joao-burse-deixa-o-comando-do-sub23-e-vai-treinar-o-cianorte |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191024224625/http://atarde.uol.com.br/esportes/vitoria/noticias/2101524-joao-burse-deixa-o-comando-do-sub23-e-vai-treinar-o-cianorte |archive-date=24 October 2019 |access-date=24 October 2019 |publisher=A Tarde |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Ya bar ƙungiyar a ranar 22 ga Maris 2022, <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 March 2022 |title=Cianorte-PR anuncia saída de técnico após 2 anos e meio |trans-title=Cianorte-PR announce the departure of manager after two-and-a-half years |url=https://www.futebolinterior.com.br/tecnico-joao-burse-deixa-o-cianorte/ |access-date=22 June 2022 |publisher=Futebol Interior |language=pt-BR}}</ref> sannan ya koma Vitória a ranar 19 ga Yuni, wanda yanzu aka naɗa shi kocin ƙungiya ta farko a ƙungiyar a Série C. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 June 2022 |title=João Burse é o novo técnico do Vitória |trans-title=João Burse is the new manager of Vitória |url=https://www.correio24horas.com.br/noticia/nid/joao-burse-e-o-novo-tecnico-do-vitoria/ |access-date=22 June 2022 |publisher=Correio 24 Horas |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Burse ya jagoranci Vitória zuwa ga matsayi a gasar Série B ta 2022, amma an kore shi a ranar 5 ga Fabrairu, 2023 bayan fara kakar wasa mara kyau. [1] A ranar 8 ga Yuni, 2023, an nada shi a matsayin kocin Tombense shi ma a matakin rukuni na biyu, [2] amma an kore shi a ranar 21 ga Agusta. [3] A ranar 28 ga Nuwamba 2023, an nada Burse a matsayin kocin Figueirense na kakar wasa mai zuwa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 November 2023 |title=Ex-Vitória e Tombense, João Burse será o novo técnico do Figueirense |trans-title=Formerly of Vitória and Tombense, João Burse will be the new head coach of Figueirense |url=https://ge.globo.com/sc/futebol/times/figueirense/noticia/2023/11/28/ex-vitoria-e-tombense-joao-burse-sera-o-novo-tecnico-do-figueirense.ghtml |access-date=28 November 2023 |publisher=[[Grupo Globo|ge]] |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Ya bar kulob din a ranar 30 ga Agusta na shekara mai zuwa, bayan an cire shi daga gasar Série C ta 2024, <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 August 2024 |title=João Burse não é mais técnico do Figueirense |trans-title=João Burse is no longer head coach of Figueirense |url=https://ge.globo.com/sc/futebol/times/figueirense/noticia/2024/08/30/joao-burse-nao-e-mais-tecnico-do-figueirense.ghtml |access-date=21 October 2024 |publisher=[[Grupo Globo|ge]] |language=pt-BR}}</ref> kuma ya karbi ragamar kungiyar Botafogo-PB a ranar 3 ga Nuwamba 2024. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 November 2024 |title=Botafogo-PB anuncia João Burse como técnico do clube para 2025 |trans-title=Botafogo-PB announce João Burse as head coach of the club for 2025 |url=https://ge.globo.com/pb/futebol/times/botafogo-pb/noticia/2024/11/03/botafogo-pb-anuncia-joao-burse-como-tecnico-do-clube-para-2025.ghtml |access-date=4 November 2024 |publisher=[[Grupo Globo|ge]] |language=pt-BR}}</ref> ''Belo'' ya kori Burse a ranar 2 ga Afrilu 2025, bayan ya rasa Campeonato Paraibano zuwa Sousa . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 April 2025 |title=Botafogo-PB demite João Burse após o vice do Campeonato Paraibano 2025 |trans-title=Botafogo-PB sack João Burse after second place in the 2025 Campeonato Paraibano |url=https://ge.globo.com/pb/futebol/times/botafogo-pb/noticia/2025/04/02/botafogo-pb-demite-joao-burse-apos-o-vice-do-campeonato-paraibano-2025.ghtml |access-date=7 April 2025 |publisher=[[Grupo Globo|ge]] |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Em maio de 2025, o treinador acerta com o Porto Vitória para o resto da temporada. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-05-20 |title=Porto Vitória acerta com técnico João Burse, ex-Botafogo-PB e Vitória-BA |url=https://ge.globo.com/es/futebol/times/porto-vitoria/noticia/2025/05/20/porto-vitoria-acerta-com-tecnico-joao-burse-ex-botafogo-pb-e-vitoria-ba.ghtml |access-date=2025-05-20 |website=ge |language=pt-br}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1982]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] nrnzr9gf6l88m8p1jbaak97y25pik3x 829732 829731 2026-05-04T21:50:03Z Sardeeq 39275 829732 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''João Batista Donizete Dressler Burse''' (an haife shi 10 Yuni 1982) ƙwararren mai horar [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|da ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Brazil kuma tsohon ɗan wasa. Burse, [[Mai buga baya|mai tsaron baya na tsakiya]], ya shafe mafi yawan aikinsa a Brazil, da kuma na ɗan lokaci a Japan da Chile. == Sana'ar wasa == An haife shi a Estiva Gerbi, São Paulo, Burse ya kammala karatunsa na matasa a Mogi Mirim . An ƙara masa matsayi zuwa ƙungiyar farko a shekarar 1999, ya buga wa ƙungiyar wasa har zuwa 2002, <ref name="FI">{{Cite web |date=29 January 2014 |title=Técnico deixa Sub-20 do Mogi para comandar o Vitória |trans-title=Manager leaves Mogi's under-20 to take over Vitória |url=https://www.futebolinterior.com.br/news/298495+Tecnico_deixa_Sub-20_do_Mogi_para_comandar_o_Vitoria |access-date=8 November 2018 |publisher=Futebol Interior |language=pt}}</ref> sannan ya wakilci Nagoya Grampus, Corinthians Alagoano, União Barbarense da kuma ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 23 ta Universidad Católica . Ya yi ritaya yana da shekara 24 saboda mummunan rauni da ya samu a gidan yari . <ref name="UdF">{{Cite web |date=8 February 2013 |title=João Burse, técnico do Mogi Mirim sub-20 |trans-title=João Burse, manager of Mogi's under-20s |url=https://universidadedofutebol.com.br/joao-burse-tecnico-do-mogi-mirim-sub-20/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181108224720/https://universidadedofutebol.com.br/joao-burse-tecnico-do-mogi-mirim-sub-20/ |archive-date=8 November 2018 |access-date=8 November 2018 |publisher=Universidade do Futebol |language=pt}}</ref> == Aikin koyarwa == Bayan ya yi ritaya, Burse ya koma kulob dinsa na farko Mogi Mirim a matsayin kocin motsa jiki na 'yan kasa da shekara 15. Daga baya aka nada shi babban kocin rukuni, sannan daga baya ya jagoranci 'yan kasa da shekara 20. <ref name="UdF">{{Cite web |date=8 February 2013 |title=João Burse, técnico do Mogi Mirim sub-20 |trans-title=João Burse, manager of Mogi's under-20s |url=https://universidadedofutebol.com.br/joao-burse-tecnico-do-mogi-mirim-sub-20/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181108224720/https://universidadedofutebol.com.br/joao-burse-tecnico-do-mogi-mirim-sub-20/ |archive-date=8 November 2018 |access-date=8 November 2018 |publisher=Universidade do Futebol |language=pt}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20181108224720/https://universidadedofutebol.com.br/joao-burse-tecnico-do-mogi-mirim-sub-20/ "João Burse, técnico do Mogi Mirim sub-20"] &#x5B;João Burse, manager of Mogi's under-20s&#x5D; (in Portuguese). Universidade do Futebol. 8 February 2013. Archived from [https://universidadedofutebol.com.br/joao-burse-tecnico-do-mogi-mirim-sub-20/ the original] on 8 November 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 November</span> 2018</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Portuguese-language sources (pt)]]</ref> A ranar 29 ga Janairu 2014, an nada Burse a matsayin kocin tawagar 'yan kasa da shekara 17 ta Vitória . <ref name="FI">{{Cite web |date=29 January 2014 |title=Técnico deixa Sub-20 do Mogi para comandar o Vitória |trans-title=Manager leaves Mogi's under-20 to take over Vitória |url=https://www.futebolinterior.com.br/news/298495+Tecnico_deixa_Sub-20_do_Mogi_para_comandar_o_Vitoria |access-date=8 November 2018 |publisher=Futebol Interior |language=pt}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.futebolinterior.com.br/news/298495+Tecnico_deixa_Sub-20_do_Mogi_para_comandar_o_Vitoria "Técnico deixa Sub-20 do Mogi para comandar o Vitória"] &#x5B;Manager leaves Mogi's under-20 to take over Vitória&#x5D; (in Portuguese). Futebol Interior. 29 January 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 November</span> 2018</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Portuguese-language sources (pt)]]</ref> A ranar 17 ga Satumba na shekara mai zuwa, an nada shi a matsayin kocin kungiyar 'yan kasa da shekara 20 ta Palmeiras . <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 September 2018 |title=João Burse é o novo treinador da equipe Sub-20 do Palmeiras |trans-title=João Burse is the new manager of the under-20 team of Palmeiras |url=http://www.palmeiras.com.br/noticias/id/36454 |access-date=8 November 2018 |publisher=SE Palmeiras |language=pt}}</ref> Bayan da ''Verdão'' ya kore shi a ranar 16 ga Mayu 2017, <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 May 2017 |title=Palmeiras demite João Burse, treinador da equipe sub-20 |trans-title=Palmeiras sack João Burse, manager of the under-20 team |url=https://globoesporte.globo.com/futebol/times/palmeiras/noticia/palmeiras-demite-tecnico-joao-burse-da-equipe-sub-20.ghtml |access-date=8 November 2018 |publisher=[[Globo Esporte]] |language=pt}}</ref> Burse ya koma Vitória a ranar 20 ga Satumba ya kuma karɓi ragamar ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 20. <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 September 2017 |title=De volta à casa |trans-title=Back home |url=http://www.ecvitoria.com.br/de-volta-a-casa/ |access-date=8 November 2018 |publisher=EC Vitória |language=pt}}</ref> Kafin yaƙin neman zaɓe na 2018, shi ma yana kan gaba a ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 23. A ranar 31 ga Yulin 2018, bayan korar Vágner Mancini, an nada Burse a matsayin kocin riƙo na babban ƙungiyar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=31 July 2018 |title=Confirmado como interino, João Burse quer mudar cara do Vitória na Série A |trans-title=Confirmed as interim, João Burse wants to change how Vitória look in the Série A |url=https://globoesporte.globo.com/ba/futebol/times/vitoria/noticia/confirmado-como-interino-joao-burse-quer-mudar-cara-do-vitoria-na-serie-a.ghtml |access-date=8 November 2018 |publisher=Globo Esporte |language=pt}}</ref> Ya koma matsayinsa na baya a ranar 14 ga Agusta, bayan naɗa Paulo César Carpegiani . A ranar 6 ga Nuwamba 2018, an sake nada Burse a matsayin wanda zai jagoranci sauran wasanni shida na kakar wasa, inda ya maye gurbin Carpegiani da aka kora. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 November 2018 |title=Comunicado oficial |trans-title=Official announcement |url=http://www.ecvitoria.com.br/comunicado-oficial-17/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181108224724/http://www.ecvitoria.com.br/comunicado-oficial-17/ |archive-date=8 November 2018 |access-date=8 November 2018 |publisher=EC Vitória |language=pt}}</ref> Bayan da kungiyar ta fadi daga gasar, ya koma matsayinsa na baya. A ranar 22 ga Oktoba 2019, an nada Burse a matsayin babban kocin Cianorte a kakar wasa mai zuwa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 October 2019 |title=João Burse deixa o comando do sub-23 do Vitória e vai treinar o Cianorte |trans-title=João Burse leaves the under-23 team of Vitória and will manage Cianorte |url=http://atarde.uol.com.br/esportes/vitoria/noticias/2101524-joao-burse-deixa-o-comando-do-sub23-e-vai-treinar-o-cianorte |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191024224625/http://atarde.uol.com.br/esportes/vitoria/noticias/2101524-joao-burse-deixa-o-comando-do-sub23-e-vai-treinar-o-cianorte |archive-date=24 October 2019 |access-date=24 October 2019 |publisher=A Tarde |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Ya bar ƙungiyar a ranar 22 ga Maris 2022, <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 March 2022 |title=Cianorte-PR anuncia saída de técnico após 2 anos e meio |trans-title=Cianorte-PR announce the departure of manager after two-and-a-half years |url=https://www.futebolinterior.com.br/tecnico-joao-burse-deixa-o-cianorte/ |access-date=22 June 2022 |publisher=Futebol Interior |language=pt-BR}}</ref> sannan ya koma Vitória a ranar 19 ga Yuni, wanda yanzu aka naɗa shi kocin ƙungiya ta farko a ƙungiyar a Série C. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 June 2022 |title=João Burse é o novo técnico do Vitória |trans-title=João Burse is the new manager of Vitória |url=https://www.correio24horas.com.br/noticia/nid/joao-burse-e-o-novo-tecnico-do-vitoria/ |access-date=22 June 2022 |publisher=Correio 24 Horas |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Burse ya jagoranci Vitória zuwa ga matsayi a gasar Série B ta 2022, amma an kore shi a ranar 5 ga Fabrairu, 2023 bayan fara kakar wasa mara kyau. [1] A ranar 8 ga Yuni, 2023, an nada shi a matsayin kocin Tombense shi ma a matakin rukuni na biyu, [2] amma an kore shi a ranar 21 ga Agusta. [3] A ranar 28 ga Nuwamba 2023, an nada Burse a matsayin kocin Figueirense na kakar wasa mai zuwa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 November 2023 |title=Ex-Vitória e Tombense, João Burse será o novo técnico do Figueirense |trans-title=Formerly of Vitória and Tombense, João Burse will be the new head coach of Figueirense |url=https://ge.globo.com/sc/futebol/times/figueirense/noticia/2023/11/28/ex-vitoria-e-tombense-joao-burse-sera-o-novo-tecnico-do-figueirense.ghtml |access-date=28 November 2023 |publisher=[[Grupo Globo|ge]] |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Ya bar kulob din a ranar 30 ga Agusta na shekara mai zuwa, bayan an cire shi daga gasar Série C ta 2024, <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 August 2024 |title=João Burse não é mais técnico do Figueirense |trans-title=João Burse is no longer head coach of Figueirense |url=https://ge.globo.com/sc/futebol/times/figueirense/noticia/2024/08/30/joao-burse-nao-e-mais-tecnico-do-figueirense.ghtml |access-date=21 October 2024 |publisher=[[Grupo Globo|ge]] |language=pt-BR}}</ref> kuma ya karbi ragamar kungiyar Botafogo-PB a ranar 3 ga Nuwamba 2024. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 November 2024 |title=Botafogo-PB anuncia João Burse como técnico do clube para 2025 |trans-title=Botafogo-PB announce João Burse as head coach of the club for 2025 |url=https://ge.globo.com/pb/futebol/times/botafogo-pb/noticia/2024/11/03/botafogo-pb-anuncia-joao-burse-como-tecnico-do-clube-para-2025.ghtml |access-date=4 November 2024 |publisher=[[Grupo Globo|ge]] |language=pt-BR}}</ref> ''Belo'' ya kori Burse a ranar 2 ga Afrilu 2025, bayan ya rasa Campeonato Paraibano zuwa Sousa . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 April 2025 |title=Botafogo-PB demite João Burse após o vice do Campeonato Paraibano 2025 |trans-title=Botafogo-PB sack João Burse after second place in the 2025 Campeonato Paraibano |url=https://ge.globo.com/pb/futebol/times/botafogo-pb/noticia/2025/04/02/botafogo-pb-demite-joao-burse-apos-o-vice-do-campeonato-paraibano-2025.ghtml |access-date=7 April 2025 |publisher=[[Grupo Globo|ge]] |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Em maio de 2025, o treinador acerta com o Porto Vitória para o resto da temporada. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-05-20 |title=Porto Vitória acerta com técnico João Burse, ex-Botafogo-PB e Vitória-BA |url=https://ge.globo.com/es/futebol/times/porto-vitoria/noticia/2025/05/20/porto-vitoria-acerta-com-tecnico-joao-burse-ex-botafogo-pb-e-vitoria-ba.ghtml |access-date=2025-05-20 |website=ge |language=pt-br}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1982]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] rcgzw38ewr3peecdlr6bq7cbghs6ti8 0 149162 829733 2026-05-04T21:51:16Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1287027354|Fabrício Bento]]" 829733 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fabrício Bento da Silva''' (an haife shi a ranar 1 ga Mayu 1975), wanda aka fi sani da '''Fabrício Bento''' ko kuma kawai '''Fabrício''', ƙwararren kocin [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Brazil kuma tsohon ɗan wasa wanda ya taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|mai tsaron baya na tsakiya]] . == Sana'ar wasa == An haife shi a [[São Paulo]], Fabrício ya fara aikinsa tare da garin Portuguesa . A cikin 2002, bayan lamuni a São José-SP, Avaí da Mogi Mirim, ya ƙaura zuwa ƙasashen waje tare da Beitar Urushalima a Isra'ila. Fabrício ya koma ƙasarsa ta haihuwa a shekara ta 2003, tare da Corinthians Alagoano, amma ya koma Isra'ila a shekara mai zuwa bayan ya sanya hannu a kan yarjejeniyar da ya yi da Maccabi Ahi Nazareth . Daga nan ya wakilci Anapolina na ɗan gajeren lokaci kafin ya koma Beitar Jerusalem. Bayan ɗan gajeren lokaci a Anapolina, Fabrício ya buga wa Juventus-SP wasa kafin ya koma ƙungiyar Juventude ta Série A a watan Afrilun 2006. <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 April 2006 |title=Atacante João Paulo é apresentado no Jaconi |trans-title=Forward João Paulo is presented at the Jaconi |url=http://globoesporte.globo.com/ESP/Noticia/Arquivo/0,,AA1175851-4412,00.html |access-date=8 February 2022 |publisher=[[Grupo Globo|GloboEsporte.com]] |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Da farko ya fara wasa, ya rasa matsayinsa na farko sannan ya koma Avaí a watan Yunin 2007. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 June 2007 |title=Avaí anuncia mais um reforço para a temporada |trans-title=Avaí announce another addition for the season |url=https://www.nsctotal.com.br/noticias/avai-anuncia-mais-um-reforco-para-a-temporada |access-date=8 February 2022 |publisher=NSC Total |language=pt-BR}}</ref> A ranar 5 ga Fabrairu, 2009, an gabatar da Fabrício a Catanduvense . <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 February 2009 |title=A2: Catanduvense apresenta zagueiro que subiu com o Avaí |trans-title=A2: Catanduvense present stopper who achieved promotion with Avaí |url=https://www.futebolinterior.com.br/a2-catanduvense-apresenta-zagueiro-que-subiu-com-o-avai/ |access-date=8 February 2022 |publisher=Futebol Interior |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar Sendas a shekara mai zuwa, kuma ya yi ritaya a shekarar 2011 yana da shekaru 35. == Aikin koyarwa == Ba da daɗewa ba bayan ya yi ritaya, an nada Fabrício a matsayin kocin Esporte Clube Biguaçu [pt], [1] kuma ya lashe rukuni na uku na Campeonato Catarinense . A shekarar 2013, bayan ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin koci a Operario Ferroviário, ya koma Avaí kuma aka nada shi babban kocin tawagar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 15. [2] Fabrício ya yi aiki a matsayin kocin ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 17 da kuma 'yan ƙasa da shekara 20, kafin a naɗa shi kocin riƙo na babban ƙungiyar a ranar 7 ga Fabrairu 2022, bayan tafiyar Claudinei Oliveira . <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 February 2022 |title=Leão se reapresenta e Fabricio Bento comanda a equipe contra o Brusque |trans-title=''Lion'' return and Fabricio Bento is in charge of the team against Brusque |url=https://www.avai.com.br/novo/leao-se-reapresenta-e-fabricio-bento-comanda-a-equipe-contra-o-brusque/ |access-date=8 February 2022 |publisher=Avaí FC |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Fabrício ya sake zama mataimakin Avaí a karo na biyu, kafin ya bar ƙungiyar a ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2023. A ranar 2 ga Yuli, 2024, ya koma ƙungiyarsa ta farko ta Portugal bayan an naɗa shi babban kocin ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 20. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2024 |title=Ex-zagueiro Fabrício Bento é o novo técnico do Sub-20 da Lusa |trans-title=Former stopper Fabrício Bento is the new head coach of the under-20s of ''Lusa'' |url=https://netlusa.com.br/noticias-da-portuguesa/ex-zagueiro-fabricio-bento-e-o-novo-tecnico-do-sub-20-da-lusa |access-date=3 July 2024 |publisher=NetLusa |language=pt-BR}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1975]] 2vrst00wlnvp93hsx89mvhs39zpc4ve 829734 829733 2026-05-04T21:51:47Z Sardeeq 39275 829734 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Fabrício Bento da Silva''' (an haife shi a ranar 1 ga Mayu 1975), wanda aka fi sani da '''Fabrício Bento''' ko kuma kawai '''Fabrício''', ƙwararren kocin [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Brazil kuma tsohon ɗan wasa wanda ya taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|mai tsaron baya na tsakiya]] . == Sana'ar wasa == An haife shi a [[São Paulo]], Fabrício ya fara aikinsa tare da garin Portuguesa . A cikin 2002, bayan lamuni a São José-SP, Avaí da Mogi Mirim, ya ƙaura zuwa ƙasashen waje tare da Beitar Urushalima a Isra'ila. Fabrício ya koma ƙasarsa ta haihuwa a shekara ta 2003, tare da Corinthians Alagoano, amma ya koma Isra'ila a shekara mai zuwa bayan ya sanya hannu a kan yarjejeniyar da ya yi da Maccabi Ahi Nazareth . Daga nan ya wakilci Anapolina na ɗan gajeren lokaci kafin ya koma Beitar Jerusalem. Bayan ɗan gajeren lokaci a Anapolina, Fabrício ya buga wa Juventus-SP wasa kafin ya koma ƙungiyar Juventude ta Série A a watan Afrilun 2006. <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 April 2006 |title=Atacante João Paulo é apresentado no Jaconi |trans-title=Forward João Paulo is presented at the Jaconi |url=http://globoesporte.globo.com/ESP/Noticia/Arquivo/0,,AA1175851-4412,00.html |access-date=8 February 2022 |publisher=[[Grupo Globo|GloboEsporte.com]] |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Da farko ya fara wasa, ya rasa matsayinsa na farko sannan ya koma Avaí a watan Yunin 2007. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 June 2007 |title=Avaí anuncia mais um reforço para a temporada |trans-title=Avaí announce another addition for the season |url=https://www.nsctotal.com.br/noticias/avai-anuncia-mais-um-reforco-para-a-temporada |access-date=8 February 2022 |publisher=NSC Total |language=pt-BR}}</ref> A ranar 5 ga Fabrairu, 2009, an gabatar da Fabrício a Catanduvense . <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 February 2009 |title=A2: Catanduvense apresenta zagueiro que subiu com o Avaí |trans-title=A2: Catanduvense present stopper who achieved promotion with Avaí |url=https://www.futebolinterior.com.br/a2-catanduvense-apresenta-zagueiro-que-subiu-com-o-avai/ |access-date=8 February 2022 |publisher=Futebol Interior |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar Sendas a shekara mai zuwa, kuma ya yi ritaya a shekarar 2011 yana da shekaru 35. == Aikin koyarwa == Ba da daɗewa ba bayan ya yi ritaya, an nada Fabrício a matsayin kocin Esporte Clube Biguaçu [pt], [1] kuma ya lashe rukuni na uku na Campeonato Catarinense . A shekarar 2013, bayan ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin koci a Operario Ferroviário, ya koma Avaí kuma aka nada shi babban kocin tawagar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 15. [2] Fabrício ya yi aiki a matsayin kocin ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 17 da kuma 'yan ƙasa da shekara 20, kafin a naɗa shi kocin riƙo na babban ƙungiyar a ranar 7 ga Fabrairu 2022, bayan tafiyar Claudinei Oliveira . <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 February 2022 |title=Leão se reapresenta e Fabricio Bento comanda a equipe contra o Brusque |trans-title=''Lion'' return and Fabricio Bento is in charge of the team against Brusque |url=https://www.avai.com.br/novo/leao-se-reapresenta-e-fabricio-bento-comanda-a-equipe-contra-o-brusque/ |access-date=8 February 2022 |publisher=Avaí FC |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Fabrício ya sake zama mataimakin Avaí a karo na biyu, kafin ya bar ƙungiyar a ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2023. A ranar 2 ga Yuli, 2024, ya koma ƙungiyarsa ta farko ta Portugal bayan an naɗa shi babban kocin ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 20. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2024 |title=Ex-zagueiro Fabrício Bento é o novo técnico do Sub-20 da Lusa |trans-title=Former stopper Fabrício Bento is the new head coach of the under-20s of ''Lusa'' |url=https://netlusa.com.br/noticias-da-portuguesa/ex-zagueiro-fabricio-bento-e-o-novo-tecnico-do-sub-20-da-lusa |access-date=3 July 2024 |publisher=NetLusa |language=pt-BR}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1975]] qruytuuktoew693m70vaa3crihs7k4m 0 149163 829735 2026-05-04T21:52:35Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1343288097|Binho (footballer, born 1977)]]" 829735 wikitext text/x-wiki '''George Miranda dos Santos''' (an haife shi a ranar 24 ga Yuni 1977), wanda aka fi sani da '''Binho''', tsohon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Brazil wanda ya buga wasa na ƙarshe a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] . A watan Yunin 2007 Iraklis ya saye shi amma an sake shi kyauta a lokacin musayar 'yan wasa na watan Janairu. == Daraja == ; Vitória Setúbal * Taça de Portugal : 2004–05 == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * Binho at ForaDeJogo (archived) * {{In lang|pt}} [http://www.lpfp.pt/bwin_Liga/Pages/Pessoa.aspx?epoca=20062007&clube=vsetubal&jogador=417 lpfp.pt] * {{In lang|pt}} [http://www.cbf.com.br/php/registro.php?i=131867 Brazilian FA archive]{{Dead link|date=December 2019}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1977]] 906d6k0mbjfc98s9ru60npura9qzb4e 829736 829735 2026-05-04T21:52:53Z Sardeeq 39275 829736 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''George Miranda dos Santos''' (an haife shi a ranar 24 ga Yuni 1977), wanda aka fi sani da '''Binho''', tsohon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Brazil wanda ya buga wasa na ƙarshe a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] . A watan Yunin 2007 Iraklis ya saye shi amma an sake shi kyauta a lokacin musayar 'yan wasa na watan Janairu. == Daraja == ; Vitória Setúbal * Taça de Portugal : 2004–05 == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * Binho at ForaDeJogo (archived) * {{In lang|pt}} [http://www.lpfp.pt/bwin_Liga/Pages/Pessoa.aspx?epoca=20062007&clube=vsetubal&jogador=417 lpfp.pt] * {{In lang|pt}} [http://www.cbf.com.br/php/registro.php?i=131867 Brazilian FA archive]{{Dead link|date=December 2019}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1977]] h3ltgpppklnz3vzsmmxqrzc0azk3cd9 0 149164 829754 2026-05-04T23:22:42Z M Bash Ne 12403 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1350946023|John James Akpan Udo-Edehe]]" 829754 wikitext text/x-wiki '''John James Akpan Udo-Edehe''' (listenⓘ; an haife shi a ranar 9 ga watan Nuwambar shekara ta 1963) ɗan siyasan Najeriya ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin sanata na [[Majalisar dattawan Akwa-ibom ta Arewa maso Gabas|Gundumar Sanata ta Arewa maso Gabas ta Akwa Ibom]] a farkon [[Jamhuriyar Najeriya ta hudu|Jamhuriyar ta huɗu]], a karkashin Jam'iyyar Demokradiyyar Jama'a (PDP). Ya hau mulki a ranar 29 ga watan Mayun shekarar 1999. <ref>{{Cite web |title=FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF NIGERIA LEGISLATIVE ELECTION OF 20 FEBRUARY AND 7 MARCH 1999 |url=http://psephos.adam-carr.net/countries/n/nigeria/nigerialeg2.txt |access-date=2010-06-22 |website=Psephos}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Republic |first=The |date=2023-03-13 |title=Who Is Running for Governor? |url=https://republic.com.ng/february-march-2023/who-is-running-for-governor/ |access-date=2025-02-10 |website=The Republic |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Tarihi == An haifi Udo-Edehe a ranar 9 ga watan Nuwambar shekara ta 1963 a Afaha Offot, Yankin Ƙaramar Hukumar [[Uyo]] na Jihar Akwa Ibom . Ya yi karatu a Kwalejin Triniti Mai Tsarki, Mbiakong, a [[Uruan]] LGA, daga shekarar 1975 zuwa shekara ta 1979. A shekara ta 1990, an shigar da shi a [[Jami'ar Uyo]], inda ya yi karatun Sociology / Anthropology . Daga baya ya yi karatu don M.Sc a cikin Sociology of Development a [[Jami'ar Calabar]], ya kammala a shekara ta 2006. <ref name="self">{{Cite web |title=About Senator John James Akpanudoedehe |url=http://www.senatorjjakpanudoedehe.com/website/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5&Itemid=42 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100617040823/http://www.senatorjjakpanudoedehe.com/website/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5&Itemid=42 |archive-date=2010-06-17 |access-date=2010-05-09 |publisher=Senator John James Akpanudoedehe}}</ref> Ya fara aiki a cikin shekarar 1980 a matsayin Manajan Tallace-tallace / Mataimakin Shugaban Dajucom Najeriya. Ya zama Manajan Darakta / Babban Shugaban John Silver Nigeria Limited a shekarar 1987. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2007-09-14 |title=BIREF ON MINISTERS |url=http://africanchoicenewsusa.net/view_article.php?id=17 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110903101557/http://www.africanchoicenewsusa.net/view_article.php?id=17 |archive-date=3 September 2011 |access-date=2010-05-09 |website=Nigeria News}}</ref> == Ayyukan siyasa == An zaɓi Udo-Edehe a matsayin shugaban ƙaramar hukumar [[Uyo]] sannan kuma shugaban majalisar Uyo tare da cikakken goyon bayan Mista [[Inyang Udoh]] kafin a zaɓe shi a Majalisar Dattijai a shekarar 1999. Mai kula da Sojojin Akwa Ibom, Kyaftin na Sojan Ruwa Joseph Adeusi ne ya binciki gwamnatinsa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ekefre |first=Akparawa Anietie |date=18 March 2010 |title=Is Senator John James Akpanudoedehe a saint? |url=https://www.pointblanknews.com/artopn2505.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100327044957/http://pointblanknews.com/artopn2505.html |archive-date=2010-03-27 |access-date=16 May 2020 |website=Point Blank News}}</ref> A shekara ta 1997, ya lashe zaben a matsayin Sanata na Uyo a lokacin yunurin komawa dimokuradiyya a ƙarƙashin Janar [[Sani Abacha]] . A shekara ta 1999, ya sake tsayawa takarar Gundumar Sanata ta Uyo a dandalin Jam'iyyar Peoples Democratic Party (PDP), kuma an zaɓe shi. Ya riƙe mukamin har zuwa Mayun shekarar 2003.<ref name="self">{{Cite web |title=About Senator John James Akpanudoedehe |url=http://www.senatorjjakpanudoedehe.com/website/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5&Itemid=42 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100617040823/http://www.senatorjjakpanudoedehe.com/website/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5&Itemid=42 |archive-date=2010-06-17 |access-date=2010-05-09 |publisher=Senator John James Akpanudoedehe}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20100617040823/http://www.senatorjjakpanudoedehe.com/website/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5&Itemid=42 "About Senator John James Akpanudoedehe"]. Senator John James Akpanudoedehe. Archived from [http://www.senatorjjakpanudoedehe.com/website/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5&Itemid=42 the original] on 17 June 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2010</span>.</cite></ref> Bayan ya hau kujerarsa a Majalisar Dattijai, an nada Udo-Edehe a kwamitocin masana'antu, aiki, kudi da kuma biyan kuɗi, harkokin cikin gida, bayanai, keɓancewa (shugaban) da harkokin gwamnati.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Congressional Committees |url=http://www.nigeriacongress.org/assembly/committees1.htm |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091118151316/http://www.nigeriacongress.org/assembly/committees1.htm |archive-date=2009-11-18 |access-date=2010-06-22 |publisher=Nigeria Congress}}</ref> Udo-Edehe ya kasance mataimakin shugaban ƙungiyar kamfen don zaɓen [[Victor Attah|Obong Victor Attah]] a matsayin Gwamnan Jihar Akwa Ibom a shekara ta 2003. <ref name="self">{{Cite web |title=About Senator John James Akpanudoedehe |url=http://www.senatorjjakpanudoedehe.com/website/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5&Itemid=42 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100617040823/http://www.senatorjjakpanudoedehe.com/website/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5&Itemid=42 |archive-date=2010-06-17 |access-date=2010-05-09 |publisher=Senator John James Akpanudoedehe}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20100617040823/http://www.senatorjjakpanudoedehe.com/website/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5&Itemid=42 "About Senator John James Akpanudoedehe"]. Senator John James Akpanudoedehe. Archived from [http://www.senatorjjakpanudoedehe.com/website/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5&Itemid=42 the original] on 17 June 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2010</span>.</cite></ref> Ya kasance shugaban yaƙin neman nasarar [[Godswill Akpabio]] don gwamnan Akwa Ibom a shekarar 2006/2007. Shugaba [[Umaru Musa Yar'adua|Umaru Yar'Adua]] ne ya naɗa shi Ministan Jiha na [[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|Babban Birnin Tarayya]] (FCT) a ranar 26 ga Yulin shekarar 2007.<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 July 2007 |title=Nigeria: Yar'Adua names cabinet |url=http://www.africanews.com/site/Nigeria_YarAdua_names_cabinet/list_messages/10239 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928064504/http://www.africanews.com/site/Nigeria_YarAdua_names_cabinet/list_messages/10239 |archive-date=28 September 2011 |access-date=2010-06-22 |website=Africa News}}</ref> Binciken Majalisar Dattijai ya sami nasarar wucewa duk da adawa daga shugabannin jam'iyya a jiharsa. An cire shi daga mukaminsa a ranar 29 ga Oktoban shekarar 2008 a cikin babban girgizar majalisa. A shekara ta 2010, ya fara kamfen don zama dan takarar PDP na shekarar 2011 don gwamna na Jihar Akwa Ibom . <ref name="self">{{Cite web |title=About Senator John James Akpanudoedehe |url=http://www.senatorjjakpanudoedehe.com/website/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5&Itemid=42 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100617040823/http://www.senatorjjakpanudoedehe.com/website/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5&Itemid=42 |archive-date=2010-06-17 |access-date=2010-05-09 |publisher=Senator John James Akpanudoedehe}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20100617040823/http://www.senatorjjakpanudoedehe.com/website/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5&Itemid=42 "About Senator John James Akpanudoedehe"]. Senator John James Akpanudoedehe. Archived from [http://www.senatorjjakpanudoedehe.com/website/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5&Itemid=42 the original] on 17 June 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2010</span>.</cite></ref> Akwa Ibom Democratic Voice, ƙungiyar da [[Mutanen Anaang|Annang]] ke jagoranta masu aminci ga Gwamna mai ci Akpabio sun yi ƙoƙari su hana kamfen dinsa na siyasa a Gundumar Sanata ta Ikot Ekpene, suna jan hotunansa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Okon Bassey |date=21 May 2010 |title=2011 - Akpabio, Udoedehe Groups On Collision Course |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201005210119.html |access-date=2010-06-22 |website=ThisDay}}</ref> A watan Yunin shekarar 2010, tsohon gwamnan Jihar Akwa Ibom, Obong Victor Attah, ya amince da Udo-Edehe a matsayin dan takara, yana mai cewa Akwa Ibon ya zama jihar da ta gaza a ƙarƙashin gwamnatin Akpabio.<ref> {{Cite web |date=17 Jun 2010 |title=AKWA IBOM 2011: ATTAH ENDORSES UDOEDEHE |url=http://www.thenigerianvoice.com/nvnews/27703//akwa-ibom-2011-attah-endorses-udoedehe.html |access-date=2010-06-22 |website=NBF News}}</ref> A shekarar 2015, Udo-Edehe ta sake tsayawa takarar gwamna amma Obong [[Umana Okon Umana]] ya ci ta a zaɓen fidda gwani. Bayan wani cin nasara a zaben fidda gwani na shekarar 2018, an naɗa shi a matsayin memba na kwamitin Hukumar Kula da Tashoshin Jiragen Ruwa ta Najeriya a watan Maris na shekarar 2020. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1960]] jb208u55bdvy2zxmsrvvd74qmjuzx7a 829755 829754 2026-05-04T23:23:15Z M Bash Ne 12403 829755 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''John James Akpan Udo-Edehe''' (listenⓘ; an haife shi a ranar 9 ga watan Nuwambar shekara ta 1963) ɗan siyasan Najeriya ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin sanata na [[Majalisar dattawan Akwa-ibom ta Arewa maso Gabas|Gundumar Sanata ta Arewa maso Gabas ta Akwa Ibom]] a farkon [[Jamhuriyar Najeriya ta hudu|Jamhuriyar ta huɗu]], a karkashin Jam'iyyar Demokradiyyar Jama'a (PDP). Ya hau mulki a ranar 29 ga watan Mayun shekarar 1999. <ref>{{Cite web |title=FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF NIGERIA LEGISLATIVE ELECTION OF 20 FEBRUARY AND 7 MARCH 1999 |url=http://psephos.adam-carr.net/countries/n/nigeria/nigerialeg2.txt |access-date=2010-06-22 |website=Psephos}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Republic |first=The |date=2023-03-13 |title=Who Is Running for Governor? |url=https://republic.com.ng/february-march-2023/who-is-running-for-governor/ |access-date=2025-02-10 |website=The Republic |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Tarihi == An haifi Udo-Edehe a ranar 9 ga watan Nuwambar shekara ta 1963 a Afaha Offot, Yankin Ƙaramar Hukumar [[Uyo]] na Jihar Akwa Ibom . Ya yi karatu a Kwalejin Triniti Mai Tsarki, Mbiakong, a [[Uruan]] LGA, daga shekarar 1975 zuwa shekara ta 1979. A shekara ta 1990, an shigar da shi a [[Jami'ar Uyo]], inda ya yi karatun Sociology / Anthropology . Daga baya ya yi karatu don M.Sc a cikin Sociology of Development a [[Jami'ar Calabar]], ya kammala a shekara ta 2006. <ref name="self">{{Cite web |title=About Senator John James Akpanudoedehe |url=http://www.senatorjjakpanudoedehe.com/website/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5&Itemid=42 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100617040823/http://www.senatorjjakpanudoedehe.com/website/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5&Itemid=42 |archive-date=2010-06-17 |access-date=2010-05-09 |publisher=Senator John James Akpanudoedehe}}</ref> Ya fara aiki a cikin shekarar 1980 a matsayin Manajan Tallace-tallace / Mataimakin Shugaban Dajucom Najeriya. Ya zama Manajan Darakta / Babban Shugaban John Silver Nigeria Limited a shekarar 1987. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2007-09-14 |title=BIREF ON MINISTERS |url=http://africanchoicenewsusa.net/view_article.php?id=17 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110903101557/http://www.africanchoicenewsusa.net/view_article.php?id=17 |archive-date=3 September 2011 |access-date=2010-05-09 |website=Nigeria News}}</ref> == Ayyukan siyasa == An zaɓi Udo-Edehe a matsayin shugaban ƙaramar hukumar [[Uyo]] sannan kuma shugaban majalisar Uyo tare da cikakken goyon bayan Mista [[Inyang Udoh]] kafin a zaɓe shi a Majalisar Dattijai a shekarar 1999. Mai kula da Sojojin Akwa Ibom, Kyaftin na Sojan Ruwa Joseph Adeusi ne ya binciki gwamnatinsa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ekefre |first=Akparawa Anietie |date=18 March 2010 |title=Is Senator John James Akpanudoedehe a saint? |url=https://www.pointblanknews.com/artopn2505.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100327044957/http://pointblanknews.com/artopn2505.html |archive-date=2010-03-27 |access-date=16 May 2020 |website=Point Blank News}}</ref> A shekara ta 1997, ya lashe zaben a matsayin Sanata na Uyo a lokacin yunurin komawa dimokuradiyya a ƙarƙashin Janar [[Sani Abacha]] . A shekara ta 1999, ya sake tsayawa takarar Gundumar Sanata ta Uyo a dandalin Jam'iyyar Peoples Democratic Party (PDP), kuma an zaɓe shi. Ya riƙe mukamin har zuwa Mayun shekarar 2003.<ref name="self">{{Cite web |title=About Senator John James Akpanudoedehe |url=http://www.senatorjjakpanudoedehe.com/website/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5&Itemid=42 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100617040823/http://www.senatorjjakpanudoedehe.com/website/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5&Itemid=42 |archive-date=2010-06-17 |access-date=2010-05-09 |publisher=Senator John James Akpanudoedehe}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20100617040823/http://www.senatorjjakpanudoedehe.com/website/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5&Itemid=42 "About Senator John James Akpanudoedehe"]. Senator John James Akpanudoedehe. Archived from [http://www.senatorjjakpanudoedehe.com/website/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5&Itemid=42 the original] on 17 June 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2010</span>.</cite></ref> Bayan ya hau kujerarsa a Majalisar Dattijai, an nada Udo-Edehe a kwamitocin masana'antu, aiki, kudi da kuma biyan kuɗi, harkokin cikin gida, bayanai, keɓancewa (shugaban) da harkokin gwamnati.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Congressional Committees |url=http://www.nigeriacongress.org/assembly/committees1.htm |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091118151316/http://www.nigeriacongress.org/assembly/committees1.htm |archive-date=2009-11-18 |access-date=2010-06-22 |publisher=Nigeria Congress}}</ref> Udo-Edehe ya kasance mataimakin shugaban ƙungiyar kamfen don zaɓen [[Victor Attah|Obong Victor Attah]] a matsayin Gwamnan Jihar Akwa Ibom a shekara ta 2003. <ref name="self">{{Cite web |title=About Senator John James Akpanudoedehe |url=http://www.senatorjjakpanudoedehe.com/website/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5&Itemid=42 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100617040823/http://www.senatorjjakpanudoedehe.com/website/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5&Itemid=42 |archive-date=2010-06-17 |access-date=2010-05-09 |publisher=Senator John James Akpanudoedehe}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20100617040823/http://www.senatorjjakpanudoedehe.com/website/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5&Itemid=42 "About Senator John James Akpanudoedehe"]. Senator John James Akpanudoedehe. Archived from [http://www.senatorjjakpanudoedehe.com/website/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5&Itemid=42 the original] on 17 June 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2010</span>.</cite></ref> Ya kasance shugaban yaƙin neman nasarar [[Godswill Akpabio]] don gwamnan Akwa Ibom a shekarar 2006/2007. Shugaba [[Umaru Musa Yar'adua|Umaru Yar'Adua]] ne ya naɗa shi Ministan Jiha na [[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|Babban Birnin Tarayya]] (FCT) a ranar 26 ga Yulin shekarar 2007.<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 July 2007 |title=Nigeria: Yar'Adua names cabinet |url=http://www.africanews.com/site/Nigeria_YarAdua_names_cabinet/list_messages/10239 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928064504/http://www.africanews.com/site/Nigeria_YarAdua_names_cabinet/list_messages/10239 |archive-date=28 September 2011 |access-date=2010-06-22 |website=Africa News}}</ref> Binciken Majalisar Dattijai ya sami nasarar wucewa duk da adawa daga shugabannin jam'iyya a jiharsa. An cire shi daga mukaminsa a ranar 29 ga Oktoban shekarar 2008 a cikin babban girgizar majalisa. A shekara ta 2010, ya fara kamfen don zama dan takarar PDP na shekarar 2011 don gwamna na Jihar Akwa Ibom . <ref name="self">{{Cite web |title=About Senator John James Akpanudoedehe |url=http://www.senatorjjakpanudoedehe.com/website/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5&Itemid=42 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100617040823/http://www.senatorjjakpanudoedehe.com/website/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5&Itemid=42 |archive-date=2010-06-17 |access-date=2010-05-09 |publisher=Senator John James Akpanudoedehe}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20100617040823/http://www.senatorjjakpanudoedehe.com/website/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5&Itemid=42 "About Senator John James Akpanudoedehe"]. Senator John James Akpanudoedehe. Archived from [http://www.senatorjjakpanudoedehe.com/website/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5&Itemid=42 the original] on 17 June 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2010</span>.</cite></ref> Akwa Ibom Democratic Voice, ƙungiyar da [[Mutanen Anaang|Annang]] ke jagoranta masu aminci ga Gwamna mai ci Akpabio sun yi ƙoƙari su hana kamfen dinsa na siyasa a Gundumar Sanata ta Ikot Ekpene, suna jan hotunansa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Okon Bassey |date=21 May 2010 |title=2011 - Akpabio, Udoedehe Groups On Collision Course |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201005210119.html |access-date=2010-06-22 |website=ThisDay}}</ref> A watan Yunin shekarar 2010, tsohon gwamnan Jihar Akwa Ibom, Obong Victor Attah, ya amince da Udo-Edehe a matsayin dan takara, yana mai cewa Akwa Ibon ya zama jihar da ta gaza a ƙarƙashin gwamnatin Akpabio.<ref> {{Cite web |date=17 Jun 2010 |title=AKWA IBOM 2011: ATTAH ENDORSES UDOEDEHE |url=http://www.thenigerianvoice.com/nvnews/27703//akwa-ibom-2011-attah-endorses-udoedehe.html |access-date=2010-06-22 |website=NBF News}}</ref> A shekarar 2015, Udo-Edehe ta sake tsayawa takarar gwamna amma Obong [[Umana Okon Umana]] ya ci ta a zaɓen fidda gwani. Bayan wani cin nasara a zaben fidda gwani na shekarar 2018, an naɗa shi a matsayin memba na kwamitin Hukumar Kula da Tashoshin Jiragen Ruwa ta Najeriya a watan Maris na shekarar 2020. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1960]] 5ye9x9hlki4h4nezkoe1muuq7h7wykg 0 149165 829835 2026-05-05T04:48:31Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1318869793|Nassim Amaarouk]]" 829835 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nassim Amaarouk''' (an haife shi a ranar 1 ga Afrilu 1996) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan]] ƙasar Holland wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] . == Aikin kulob == Tun daga farkon aikinsa na babban ɗan wasa a NEC, an tura Amaarouk aro zuwa Achilles '29 a shekarar 2017. Ya fara buga wasa a ƙungiyar a Eerste Division a ranar 6 ga Fabrairu, 2017 a wasan da suka yi da FC Eindhoven . <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 February 2017 |title=Game Report by Soccerway |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2017/02/06/netherlands/eerste-divisie/achilles-1929/fc-eindhoven/2240773/ |publisher=Soccerway}}</ref> A watan Afrilun 2019, Amaarouk ya sanya hannu da BVV Barendrecht bayan ya buga kakar wasa daya a kungiyar VV Capelle a gasar Hoofdklasse . [1] [2] Ya sake barin kungiyar bayan kakar wasa daya saboda raunuka, a watan Fabrairun 2020. [3] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1996]] p4d1wbdubv2ifkafodlkgb4ml5s91ft 829836 829835 2026-05-05T04:48:51Z Sardeeq 39275 829836 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Nassim Amaarouk''' (an haife shi a ranar 1 ga Afrilu 1996) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan]] ƙasar Holland wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] . == Aikin kulob == Tun daga farkon aikinsa na babban ɗan wasa a NEC, an tura Amaarouk aro zuwa Achilles '29 a shekarar 2017. Ya fara buga wasa a ƙungiyar a Eerste Division a ranar 6 ga Fabrairu, 2017 a wasan da suka yi da FC Eindhoven . <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 February 2017 |title=Game Report by Soccerway |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2017/02/06/netherlands/eerste-divisie/achilles-1929/fc-eindhoven/2240773/ |publisher=Soccerway}}</ref> A watan Afrilun 2019, Amaarouk ya sanya hannu da BVV Barendrecht bayan ya buga kakar wasa daya a kungiyar VV Capelle a gasar Hoofdklasse . [1] [2] Ya sake barin kungiyar bayan kakar wasa daya saboda raunuka, a watan Fabrairun 2020. [3] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1996]] 5o46llwb0j4vgne2bx0l88fnfnzhuoi 0 149166 829842 2026-05-05T04:51:27Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1289710364|Wagner Coradin]]" 829842 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Wagner Aparecido Coradin Junior''' (an haife shi a ranar 3 ga Oktoba 1989), wanda aka fi sani da '''Wagner Coradin''' ko kuma kawai '''Wagner''', [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Brazil wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai tsaran raga|mai tsaron gida]] ga Sergipe . == Aikin kulob == An haife shi a Barretos, São Paulo, Wagner ya kammala karatun matasa na Mirassol . Ya fara buga wasansa na farko a Copa Paulista a 2009 tare da kulob din, kafin ya koma Corinthians Alagoano a kan aro na 2010 Campeonato Alagoano . A watan Maris na 2010, Wagner ya rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar aro zuwa União São João, amma bayan ya kasa buga wasa ko da na minti ɗaya a ƙungiyar, an ba shi aro ga Independent de Limeira a watan Yuni. Daga baya ya koma ƙasar waje, inda ya shiga Destroyers a gasar Liga Nacional B ; a wannan kakar, ƙungiyar ta kai zagayen share fage na ci gaba/faɗuwa, amma ta kasa cimma nasara yayin da ya ci kwallo ɗaya a wasan da ya gabata. [1] Wagner ya bar Destroyers a watan Disamba na 2012, kuma ya koma ƙasarsa tare da Grêmio Barueri a Série C. Ya sanya hannu a Nacional-AM kafin kakar wasa ta 2014, kafin ya koma ƙasarsa ta haihuwa tare da Olímpia . <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 September 2014 |title=Segundona: Por trás de Wagner Coradin há um multicampeão. Entenda! |trans-title=''Segundona'': Behind Wagner Coradin there is a multichampion goalkeeper. Understand! |url=https://www.futebolinterior.com.br/segundona-por-tras-de-wagner-coradin-ha-um-multicampeao-entenda/ |access-date=3 December 2022 |publisher=Futebol Interior |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Wagner ya koma Nacional a ranar 6 ga Disamba 2014, <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2014 |title=De volta ao Nacional-AM, goleiro Wagner revela: "Aguardava ansioso" |trans-title=Back to Nacional-AM, goalkeeper Wagner reveals: "I was waiting anxious" |url=https://ge.globo.com/am/noticia/2014/12/de-volta-ao-nacional-am-goleiro-wagner-revela-aguardava-ansioso.html |access-date=3 December 2022 |publisher=[[Grupo Globo|ge]] |language=pt-BR}}</ref> amma galibi zaɓi ne na madadin. An gabatar da shi a Ituano a ranar 17 ga Disamba 2015, <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2015 |title=Ituano se apresenta com novidades para 2016 |trans-title=Ituano is presented with news for 2016 |url=https://www.itu.com.br/futebol/noticia/ituano-se-apresenta-com-novidades-para-2016-20151217 |access-date=3 December 2022 |publisher=Itu |language=pt-BR}}</ref> koyaushe yana zama zaɓi na biyu a cikin shekaru uku da ya yi a kulob ɗin. A ranar 8 ga Nuwamba, 2018, an sanar da Wagner a Campinense don kamfen ɗin 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 November 2018 |title=Campinense anuncia as primeiras contratações para 2019 |trans-title=Campinense announce the first signings for 2019 |url=https://pbesportes.net/2018/11/08/campinense-anuncia-as-primeiras-contratacoes-para-2019/ |access-date=3 December 2022 |publisher=PB Esportes.net |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Ya sami shahara a ƙasa a wasan Campeonato Paraibano da Botafogo-PB, yayin da ya durƙusa don a yi masa hira da ɗan jarida mai ƙarancin motsi da ƙaramin tsayi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 March 2019 |title=Repórter com deficiência se surpreende após foto com goleiro viralizar nas redes sociais |trans-title=Reporter with disability is surprised after picture with goalkeeper went viral in the social media |url=https://ge.globo.com/pb/futebol/noticia/reporter-com-deficiencia-chama-atencao-em-cobertura-esportiva-e-foto-com-goleiro-ajoelhado-viraliza.ghtml |access-date=3 December 2022 |publisher=[[Grupo Globo|ge]] |language=pt-BR}}</ref> A ranar 11 ga Oktoba, 2019, Wagner ya amince da kwangila da ABC, <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 October 2019 |title=Clube do Povo acerta contratação de goleiro e volante |trans-title=''Clube do Povo'' sign goalkeeper and defensive midfielder |url=https://abcfc.com.br/comunicacao/noticias/clube-do-povo-acerta-contratacao-de-goleiro-e-volante/ |access-date=3 December 2022 |publisher=ABC FC |language=pt-BR}}</ref> amma ya koma Ferroviária a ranar 24 ga Janairu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 January 2010 |title=Ferroviária confirma atacante e contrata mais um goleiro para o Paulistão |trans-title=Ferroviária confirm forward and sign another goalkeeper for the ''Paulistão'' |url=https://rciararaquara.com.br/ferroviaria/ferroviaria-confirma-atacante-e-contrata-mais-um-goleiro-para-o-paulistao/ |access-date=3 December 2022 |publisher=RCI Araraquara |language=pt-BR}}</ref> A matsayin madadin Saulo, ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar zuwa Portugal a ranar 7 ga Disamba, 2021. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 December 2021 |title=Portuguesa contrata dois novos goleiros para a temporada de 2022 |trans-title=Portuguesa sign two new goalkeepers for the 2022 season |url=http://portuguesa.com.br/site/portuguesa-contrata-dois-novos-goleiros-para-a-temporada-de-2022/ |access-date=3 December 2022 |publisher=Associação Portuguesa de Desportos |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Wagner ya ciyar da sihirinsa a ''Lusa'' a matsayin zaɓi na biyu a bayan Thomazella, ya lashe 2022 Campeonato Paulista Série A2 . == Ƙididdigar aiki == {{Updated|3 December 2022}}<ref>{{Soccerway|wagner-aparecido-coradin-junior/123541|Wagner|accessdate=3 December 2022}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1989]] 8xh4l0ox7mw2bckim7bo8r4xq1s0u64 829843 829842 2026-05-05T04:51:45Z Sardeeq 39275 829843 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Wagner Aparecido Coradin Junior''' (an haife shi a ranar 3 ga Oktoba 1989), wanda aka fi sani da '''Wagner Coradin''' ko kuma kawai '''Wagner''', [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Brazil wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai tsaran raga|mai tsaron gida]] ga Sergipe . == Aikin kulob == An haife shi a Barretos, São Paulo, Wagner ya kammala karatun matasa na Mirassol . Ya fara buga wasansa na farko a Copa Paulista a 2009 tare da kulob din, kafin ya koma Corinthians Alagoano a kan aro na 2010 Campeonato Alagoano . A watan Maris na 2010, Wagner ya rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar aro zuwa União São João, amma bayan ya kasa buga wasa ko da na minti ɗaya a ƙungiyar, an ba shi aro ga Independent de Limeira a watan Yuni. Daga baya ya koma ƙasar waje, inda ya shiga Destroyers a gasar Liga Nacional B ; a wannan kakar, ƙungiyar ta kai zagayen share fage na ci gaba/faɗuwa, amma ta kasa cimma nasara yayin da ya ci kwallo ɗaya a wasan da ya gabata. [1] Wagner ya bar Destroyers a watan Disamba na 2012, kuma ya koma ƙasarsa tare da Grêmio Barueri a Série C. Ya sanya hannu a Nacional-AM kafin kakar wasa ta 2014, kafin ya koma ƙasarsa ta haihuwa tare da Olímpia . <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 September 2014 |title=Segundona: Por trás de Wagner Coradin há um multicampeão. Entenda! |trans-title=''Segundona'': Behind Wagner Coradin there is a multichampion goalkeeper. Understand! |url=https://www.futebolinterior.com.br/segundona-por-tras-de-wagner-coradin-ha-um-multicampeao-entenda/ |access-date=3 December 2022 |publisher=Futebol Interior |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Wagner ya koma Nacional a ranar 6 ga Disamba 2014, <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2014 |title=De volta ao Nacional-AM, goleiro Wagner revela: "Aguardava ansioso" |trans-title=Back to Nacional-AM, goalkeeper Wagner reveals: "I was waiting anxious" |url=https://ge.globo.com/am/noticia/2014/12/de-volta-ao-nacional-am-goleiro-wagner-revela-aguardava-ansioso.html |access-date=3 December 2022 |publisher=[[Grupo Globo|ge]] |language=pt-BR}}</ref> amma galibi zaɓi ne na madadin. An gabatar da shi a Ituano a ranar 17 ga Disamba 2015, <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2015 |title=Ituano se apresenta com novidades para 2016 |trans-title=Ituano is presented with news for 2016 |url=https://www.itu.com.br/futebol/noticia/ituano-se-apresenta-com-novidades-para-2016-20151217 |access-date=3 December 2022 |publisher=Itu |language=pt-BR}}</ref> koyaushe yana zama zaɓi na biyu a cikin shekaru uku da ya yi a kulob ɗin. A ranar 8 ga Nuwamba, 2018, an sanar da Wagner a Campinense don kamfen ɗin 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 November 2018 |title=Campinense anuncia as primeiras contratações para 2019 |trans-title=Campinense announce the first signings for 2019 |url=https://pbesportes.net/2018/11/08/campinense-anuncia-as-primeiras-contratacoes-para-2019/ |access-date=3 December 2022 |publisher=PB Esportes.net |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Ya sami shahara a ƙasa a wasan Campeonato Paraibano da Botafogo-PB, yayin da ya durƙusa don a yi masa hira da ɗan jarida mai ƙarancin motsi da ƙaramin tsayi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 March 2019 |title=Repórter com deficiência se surpreende após foto com goleiro viralizar nas redes sociais |trans-title=Reporter with disability is surprised after picture with goalkeeper went viral in the social media |url=https://ge.globo.com/pb/futebol/noticia/reporter-com-deficiencia-chama-atencao-em-cobertura-esportiva-e-foto-com-goleiro-ajoelhado-viraliza.ghtml |access-date=3 December 2022 |publisher=[[Grupo Globo|ge]] |language=pt-BR}}</ref> A ranar 11 ga Oktoba, 2019, Wagner ya amince da kwangila da ABC, <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 October 2019 |title=Clube do Povo acerta contratação de goleiro e volante |trans-title=''Clube do Povo'' sign goalkeeper and defensive midfielder |url=https://abcfc.com.br/comunicacao/noticias/clube-do-povo-acerta-contratacao-de-goleiro-e-volante/ |access-date=3 December 2022 |publisher=ABC FC |language=pt-BR}}</ref> amma ya koma Ferroviária a ranar 24 ga Janairu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 January 2010 |title=Ferroviária confirma atacante e contrata mais um goleiro para o Paulistão |trans-title=Ferroviária confirm forward and sign another goalkeeper for the ''Paulistão'' |url=https://rciararaquara.com.br/ferroviaria/ferroviaria-confirma-atacante-e-contrata-mais-um-goleiro-para-o-paulistao/ |access-date=3 December 2022 |publisher=RCI Araraquara |language=pt-BR}}</ref> A matsayin madadin Saulo, ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar zuwa Portugal a ranar 7 ga Disamba, 2021. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 December 2021 |title=Portuguesa contrata dois novos goleiros para a temporada de 2022 |trans-title=Portuguesa sign two new goalkeepers for the 2022 season |url=http://portuguesa.com.br/site/portuguesa-contrata-dois-novos-goleiros-para-a-temporada-de-2022/ |access-date=3 December 2022 |publisher=Associação Portuguesa de Desportos |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Wagner ya ciyar da sihirinsa a ''Lusa'' a matsayin zaɓi na biyu a bayan Thomazella, ya lashe 2022 Campeonato Paulista Série A2 . == Ƙididdigar aiki == {{Updated|3 December 2022}}<ref>{{Soccerway|wagner-aparecido-coradin-junior/123541|Wagner|accessdate=3 December 2022}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1989]] f50mey0aj5xcschrbx3skxfayl25d1k 0 149167 829845 2026-05-05T04:52:52Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1322211160|Ciel (footballer)]]" 829845 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jociel Ferreira da Silva''' (an haife shi a ranar 31 ga Maris 1982), ba da daɗewa ba '''Ciel''', ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Brazil wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin ɗan gaba a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta CSA . == Ƙungiyoyi == Kulob din da ya yi a baya shi ne Busan I'Park a Koriya ta Kudu, Ceará, Icasa, Salgueiro, América de Natal, Santa Cruz, Fluminense da Al Shabab Al Arabi Club . == Ƙididdigar aiki == {{Updated|match played 24 December 2024}}. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="2" |League ! colspan="2" |Cup & Super Cup ! colspan="2" |AFC Champions League ! colspan="2" |League Cup ! colspan="2" |GCC Champions League ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- | rowspan="4" |Al Shabab |- |2010-11 |11 |6 | |1 | - | - |10 |5 | |3 | |15 |- |2011-12 |18 |11 |0 |0 |6 |2 |10 |5 | - | - |34 |18 |- |2012-13 |22 |10 |4 |2 |7 |1 |5 |2 | - | - |38 |15 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !51 !29 ! !3 !13 !3 !25 !12 ! !3 ! !48 |- | rowspan="4" |Shabab Al Ahli |- |2013-14 |24 |11 |5 |1 | - | - |8 |5 | - | - |37 |17 |- |2014-15 |1 |0 |0 |0 |6 |0 |1 |0 | - | - |8 |0 |- |2015-16 |14 |6 |3 |3 | - | - |1 |0 | - | - |18 |9 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !39 !17 !8 !4 !6 !0 !10 !5 !- !- !63 !26 |- | rowspan="2" |Al-Ittihad Kalba |- |2016-2017 |21 |11 |1 |0 | - | - |2 |1 | | |24 |12 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !21 !11 !1 !0 ! ! !2 !1 ! ! !24 !12 |- | rowspan="2" |Dibba Al Fujairah |- |2017-2018 |7 |2 |0 |0 | - | - |2 |2 | - | - |9 |4 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !7 !2 !0 !0 !- !- !2 !2 !- !- !9 !4 |- ! colspan="2" |Career Total !118 !57 ! !7 !19 !3 !39 !20 ! !3 ! !90 |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |State league ! colspan="2" |Cup ! colspan="2" |Continental ! colspan="2" |Other ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- | rowspan="4" |Ceará |2007 | rowspan="4" |Série B |7 |3 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |7 |3 |- |2008 |21 |4 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |21 |4 |- |2009 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |1 |0 |- |2016 |5 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |5 |0 |- |Paços de Ferreira |2009-10 |Primeira Liga |10 |0 | colspan="2" |— |2 |0 | colspan="2" |— |2 |0 |14 |0 |- | rowspan="2" |ASA |2010 |Série B |21 |14 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |21 |14 |- |2019 |Campeonato Alagoano | colspan="2" |— |6 |3 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |7 |3 |- | rowspan="5" valign="center" |Caucaia |2018 | rowspan="2" |[[Campeonato Cearense de Futebol - Série B]] | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |7 |5 |7 |5 |- |2019 | colspan="2" |— |12 |12 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |11 |8 |23 |20 |- |2020 | rowspan="2" |Campeonato Cearense | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |7 |10 |7 |10 |- |2021 | colspan="2" |— |7 |8 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |7 |8 |- ! colspan="2" |Total ! colspan="2" |— !19 !20 ! colspan="2" |— ! colspan="2" |— !25 !23 !44 !43 |- |Guarany |2020 |Série C |12 |6 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |12 |6 |- | rowspan="3" valign="center" |Salgueiro |2020 |Série D |11 |3 |4{{Efn|Appearances in [[Campeonato Pernambucano]]|name=CPER}} |1 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |15 |4 |- |2021 |Campeonato Pernambucano | colspan="2" |— |3 |1 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |3 |3 |6 |4 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !11 !3 !7 !2 ! colspan="2" |— ! colspan="2" |— !3 !3 !21 !8 |- |Sampaio Corrêa |2021 | rowspan="2" |Série B |31 |9 |4{{Efn|Appearances in [[Campeonato Maranhense]]|name=CMAR}} |2 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |35 |11 |- |Tombense |2022 |29 |10 |10{{Efn|Appearances in [[Campeonato Mineiro]]|name=CMIN}} |7 |3 |1 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |42 |18 |- | rowspan="3" valign="center" |Ferroviário |2023 |Série D |14 |12 |9{{Efn|Appearances in [[Campeonato Cearense]]|name=CCEA}} |5 |2 |1 | colspan="2" |— |10 |4 |35 |22 |- |2024 |Série C |17 |7 |9{{Efn||name=CCEA}} |3 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |— |1 |0 |29 |10 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !31 !19 !18 !8 !4 !1 ! colspan="2" |— !11 !4 !64 !32 |- ! colspan="3" |'''Career total''' !179 !68 !62 !42 !10 !2 !0 !0 !41 !30 !293 !142 |} {{Notelist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * Ciel at Sambafoot (archive) * Ciel – K League stats at kleague.com (in Korean and English) * Ciel at ForaDeJogo (archived) [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1982]] k3q4md24u7de422ottlh3hnjqxomkuo 829847 829845 2026-05-05T04:53:24Z Sardeeq 39275 829847 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Jociel Ferreira da Silva''' (an haife shi a ranar 31 ga Maris 1982), ba da daɗewa ba '''Ciel''', ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Brazil wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin ɗan gaba a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta CSA . == Ƙungiyoyi == Kulob din da ya yi a baya shi ne Busan I'Park a Koriya ta Kudu, Ceará, Icasa, Salgueiro, América de Natal, Santa Cruz, Fluminense da Al Shabab Al Arabi Club . == Ƙididdigar aiki == {{Updated|match played 24 December 2024}}. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="2" |League ! colspan="2" |Cup & Super Cup ! colspan="2" |AFC Champions League ! colspan="2" |League Cup ! colspan="2" |GCC Champions League ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- | rowspan="4" |Al Shabab |- |2010-11 |11 |6 | |1 | - | - |10 |5 | |3 | |15 |- |2011-12 |18 |11 |0 |0 |6 |2 |10 |5 | - | - |34 |18 |- |2012-13 |22 |10 |4 |2 |7 |1 |5 |2 | - | - |38 |15 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !51 !29 ! !3 !13 !3 !25 !12 ! !3 ! !48 |- | rowspan="4" |Shabab Al Ahli |- |2013-14 |24 |11 |5 |1 | - | - |8 |5 | - | - |37 |17 |- |2014-15 |1 |0 |0 |0 |6 |0 |1 |0 | - | - |8 |0 |- |2015-16 |14 |6 |3 |3 | - | - |1 |0 | - | - |18 |9 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !39 !17 !8 !4 !6 !0 !10 !5 !- !- !63 !26 |- | rowspan="2" |Al-Ittihad Kalba |- |2016-2017 |21 |11 |1 |0 | - | - |2 |1 | | |24 |12 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !21 !11 !1 !0 ! ! !2 !1 ! ! !24 !12 |- | rowspan="2" |Dibba Al Fujairah |- |2017-2018 |7 |2 |0 |0 | - | - |2 |2 | - | - |9 |4 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !7 !2 !0 !0 !- !- !2 !2 !- !- !9 !4 |- ! colspan="2" |Career Total !118 !57 ! !7 !19 !3 !39 !20 ! !3 ! !90 |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |State league ! colspan="2" |Cup ! colspan="2" |Continental ! colspan="2" |Other ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- | rowspan="4" |Ceará |2007 | rowspan="4" |Série B |7 |3 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |7 |3 |- |2008 |21 |4 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |21 |4 |- |2009 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |1 |0 |- |2016 |5 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |5 |0 |- |Paços de Ferreira |2009-10 |Primeira Liga |10 |0 | colspan="2" |— |2 |0 | colspan="2" |— |2 |0 |14 |0 |- | rowspan="2" |ASA |2010 |Série B |21 |14 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |21 |14 |- |2019 |Campeonato Alagoano | colspan="2" |— |6 |3 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |7 |3 |- | rowspan="5" valign="center" |Caucaia |2018 | rowspan="2" |[[Campeonato Cearense de Futebol - Série B]] | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |7 |5 |7 |5 |- |2019 | colspan="2" |— |12 |12 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |11 |8 |23 |20 |- |2020 | rowspan="2" |Campeonato Cearense | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |7 |10 |7 |10 |- |2021 | colspan="2" |— |7 |8 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |7 |8 |- ! colspan="2" |Total ! colspan="2" |— !19 !20 ! colspan="2" |— ! colspan="2" |— !25 !23 !44 !43 |- |Guarany |2020 |Série C |12 |6 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |12 |6 |- | rowspan="3" valign="center" |Salgueiro |2020 |Série D |11 |3 |4{{Efn|Appearances in [[Campeonato Pernambucano]]|name=CPER}} |1 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |15 |4 |- |2021 |Campeonato Pernambucano | colspan="2" |— |3 |1 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |3 |3 |6 |4 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !11 !3 !7 !2 ! colspan="2" |— ! colspan="2" |— !3 !3 !21 !8 |- |Sampaio Corrêa |2021 | rowspan="2" |Série B |31 |9 |4{{Efn|Appearances in [[Campeonato Maranhense]]|name=CMAR}} |2 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |35 |11 |- |Tombense |2022 |29 |10 |10{{Efn|Appearances in [[Campeonato Mineiro]]|name=CMIN}} |7 |3 |1 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |42 |18 |- | rowspan="3" valign="center" |Ferroviário |2023 |Série D |14 |12 |9{{Efn|Appearances in [[Campeonato Cearense]]|name=CCEA}} |5 |2 |1 | colspan="2" |— |10 |4 |35 |22 |- |2024 |Série C |17 |7 |9{{Efn||name=CCEA}} |3 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |— |1 |0 |29 |10 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !31 !19 !18 !8 !4 !1 ! colspan="2" |— !11 !4 !64 !32 |- ! colspan="3" |'''Career total''' !179 !68 !62 !42 !10 !2 !0 !0 !41 !30 !293 !142 |} {{Notelist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * Ciel at Sambafoot (archive) * Ciel – K League stats at kleague.com (in Korean and English) * Ciel at ForaDeJogo (archived) [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1982]] s9vlcl0yktgsai8axazxuo4r5ksaznw 0 149168 829850 2026-05-05T04:56:25Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1338337978|Catanha]]" 829850 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Henrique Guedes da Silva''' (an haife shi a ranar 6 ga Maris 1972), wanda aka fi sani da '''Catanha''', ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba a ƙungiyar Segunda Federación Conquense . An haife shi a Brazil, ya wakilci ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Spain . Ya buga wasa kusan kawai ga ƙananan ƙungiyoyi a ƙasarsa ta Brazil (jimilla ƙungiyoyi bakwai), sai dai ɗan gajeren lokaci tare da Atlético Mineiro . Ya fafata a Spain a cikin shekaru 12, musamman tare da [[RC Celta de Vigo|Celta]], inda ya tara jimillar wasanni 148 a [[La Liga|gasar La Liga]] da kwallaye 62 a cikin shekaru biyar. == Aikin kulob == An haifi Catanha a [[Recife]] . Bayan ya buga wasa da ƙananan ƙungiyoyi a ƙasarsa ta haihuwa, ya isa Portugal a shekarar 1995 don bugawa CF Os Belenenses wasa, tare da ɗan ƙasarsa Everton Giovanella wanda daga baya ya buga wasa da shi a ƙungiyoyi biyu a Spain; a can ne ya fara fafatawa a rukuni na biyu, tare da UD Salamanca da CD Leganés . Catanha ya koma Malaga CF a kakar wasa ta 1998-99, ya ba da gudummawa da kwallaye 26 ga ƙungiyar [[Andalusia]] a gasar [[La Liga]], kuma ya lashe Kofin Pichichi . <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 May 2015 |title=Catanha: "El Málaga CF me dio la oportunidad de ir a la selección" |trans-title=Catanha: "Málaga CF gave me the chance to reach the national team" |url=http://www.malagacf.com/noticia/catanha-el-malaga-cf-me-dio-la-oportunidad-de-ir-a-la-seleccion |access-date=4 May 2016 |publisher=Málaga CF |language=Spanish}}</ref> Ya ci ƙarin kwallaye 24 a gasar 1999-2000, inda ya yi kunnen doki da Jimmy Floyd Hasselbaink na [[Atlético Madrid|Atletico Madrid]] . Catanha ya koma [[RC Celta de Vigo]] a watan Yulin 2000, inda ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a wasannin da [[Galicia (Spain)|Galicia]] ta yi a cikin gida da kuma [[UEFA|na Turai]] a cikin shekaru uku. Duk da haka, lokacin da kulob din ya buga [[UEFA Champions League|gasar zakarun Turai ta UEFA]] a kakar wasa ta 2003-04, ya goyi bayan Savo Milošević ne kawai, kuma ya sha wahala a faduwa daga gasar . <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 April 2008 |title=Catanha |url=http://www.yojugueenelcelta.com/2008/04/catanha.html |access-date=6 April 2014 |publisher=Yo Jugué en el Celta |language=Spanish}}</ref> Bayan haka Catanha ba a kula da shi sosai ba, yana wakiltar FC Krylia Sovetov Samara, Belenenses, Marília Atlético Clube da Clube Atlético Mineiro . <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 August 2005 |title=Catanha estréia no Atlético-MG neste sábado |trans-title=Catanha to make Atlético-MG debut this Saturday |url=http://esportes.terra.com.br/futebol/brasileiro2005/interna/0,,OI636239-EI4847,00-Catanha+estreia+no+AtleticoMG+neste+sabado.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160602022104/http://esportes.terra.com.br/futebol/brasileiro2005/interna/0,,OI636239-EI4847,00-Catanha+estreia+no+AtleticoMG+neste+sabado.html |archive-date=2 June 2016 |access-date=12 May 2016 |publisher=Terra |language=Portuguese}}</ref> A watan Janairun 2006 ya koma Spain, yana wasa da CD Linares mai sauƙi ( mataki na uku, kakar wasa biyu da rabi) da kuma Unión Estepona CF ( division na huɗu ). A farkon shekarar 2010, Catanha yana da shekaru kusan 38, ya koma ƙasar haihuwarsa, inda ya sake komawa fagen wasa a ƙananan lig. <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 January 2012 |title=Sport Atalaia anuncia atacante Catanha para o Alagoano |trans-title=Sport Atalaia announces forward Catanha for ''Alagoano'' |url=http://www.tribunahoje.com/noticia/15836/esporte/2012/01/26/sport-atalaia-anuncia-atacante-catanha-para-o-alagoano.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160604092513/http://www.tribunahoje.com/noticia/15836/esporte/2012/01/26/sport-atalaia-anuncia-atacante-catanha-para-o-alagoano.html |archive-date=4 June 2016 |access-date=12 May 2016 |publisher=Tribuna Hoje |language=Portuguese}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2016 |title=Catanha acerta seu retorno ao futebol para defender o Sete de Setembro |trans-title=Catanha confirms his return to football to defend Sete de Setembro |url=http://gazetaweb.globo.com/portal/noticia.php?c=5872 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160610085845/http://gazetaweb.globo.com/portal/noticia.php?c=5872 |archive-date=10 June 2016 |access-date=12 May 2016 |publisher=Gazeta Web |language=Portuguese}}</ref> Bayan ya shafe shekaru 40 yana wasa tare da ɗansa Pedro a UD Dos Hermanas San Andrés, daga ƙarshe ya yi ritaya daga ƙwallon ƙafa a shekarar 2017, bayan ya yi wasa a Club Atlético Estación. <ref name="OF">{{Cite web |date=20 March 2020 |title=Catanha, la gaviota que sobrevoló el fútbol modesto |trans-title=Catanha, the seagull who flew over the modest football |url=https://onefootball.com/es/noticias/catanha-la-gaviota-que-sobrevolo-el-futbol-modesto-29509819?variable=20200419 |access-date=19 April 2020 |publisher=OneFootball |language=es}}</ref> An sanar da Catanha a matsayin manajan ƙungiyar Leo FC ta rukuni na biyu ta Gibraltar a watan Yunin 2017, <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 June 2017 |title=Jun 16 – Leo FC signs on Catanha as first team manager |url=https://www.yourgibraltartv.com/sport/14953-jun-16-leo-fc-signs-on-catanha-as-first-team-manager |access-date=19 November 2017 |publisher=Your Gibraltar TV}}</ref> amma ya yi murabus kafin ya fito a gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai. Daga nan ya zama darektan ƙwallon ƙafa na CD Estepona. <ref name="OF">{{Cite web |date=20 March 2020 |title=Catanha, la gaviota que sobrevoló el fútbol modesto |trans-title=Catanha, the seagull who flew over the modest football |url=https://onefootball.com/es/noticias/catanha-la-gaviota-que-sobrevolo-el-futbol-modesto-29509819?variable=20200419 |access-date=19 April 2020 |publisher=OneFootball |language=es}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://onefootball.com/es/noticias/catanha-la-gaviota-que-sobrevolo-el-futbol-modesto-29509819?variable=20200419 "Catanha, la gaviota que sobrevoló el fútbol modesto"] &#x5B;Catanha, the seagull who flew over the modest football&#x5D; (in Spanish). OneFootball. 20 March 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)]]</ref> == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == Catanha ya buga wa Spain wasanni uku - duk a shekarar 2000 - duk da cewa an haife shi a Brazil. Wasansa na farko ya faru ne a ranar 7 ga Oktoba a wasan neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA da Isra'ila a shekarar 2002, inda ya buga wasa a minti na 71 a madadin Ismael Urzaiz a wasan da suka ci 2-0 a gida. [1] Catanha yana ɗaya daga cikin 'yan wasa biyar baƙaƙe ko na gauraye da suka buga wa Spain wasa tare da Thiago Alcântara, Donato, Vicente Engonga da Marcos Senna, duk 'yan ƙasar Brazil ne banda na uku. <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 May 2012 |title=Spanish Football Legends: Celta Vigo's Catanha |url=http://www.insidespanishfootball.com/11495/spanish-football-legends-celta-vigos-catanha/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160611160342/http://www.insidespanishfootball.com/11495/spanish-football-legends-celta-vigos-catanha/# |archive-date=11 June 2016 |access-date=12 May 2016 |publisher=Inside Spanish Football}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * Jerin 'Yan Wasan Kwallon Kafa Na Ƙasashen Duniya Na Spain Da Aka Haifa A Wajen Spain == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1972]] lf6l5xdvhhen26ysrknt0s44u6g7yvw 829851 829850 2026-05-05T04:56:45Z Sardeeq 39275 829851 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Henrique Guedes da Silva''' (an haife shi a ranar 6 ga Maris 1972), wanda aka fi sani da '''Catanha''', ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba a ƙungiyar Segunda Federación Conquense . An haife shi a Brazil, ya wakilci ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Spain . Ya buga wasa kusan kawai ga ƙananan ƙungiyoyi a ƙasarsa ta Brazil (jimilla ƙungiyoyi bakwai), sai dai ɗan gajeren lokaci tare da Atlético Mineiro . Ya fafata a Spain a cikin shekaru 12, musamman tare da [[RC Celta de Vigo|Celta]], inda ya tara jimillar wasanni 148 a [[La Liga|gasar La Liga]] da kwallaye 62 a cikin shekaru biyar. == Aikin kulob == An haifi Catanha a [[Recife]] . Bayan ya buga wasa da ƙananan ƙungiyoyi a ƙasarsa ta haihuwa, ya isa Portugal a shekarar 1995 don bugawa CF Os Belenenses wasa, tare da ɗan ƙasarsa Everton Giovanella wanda daga baya ya buga wasa da shi a ƙungiyoyi biyu a Spain; a can ne ya fara fafatawa a rukuni na biyu, tare da UD Salamanca da CD Leganés . Catanha ya koma Malaga CF a kakar wasa ta 1998-99, ya ba da gudummawa da kwallaye 26 ga ƙungiyar [[Andalusia]] a gasar [[La Liga]], kuma ya lashe Kofin Pichichi . <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 May 2015 |title=Catanha: "El Málaga CF me dio la oportunidad de ir a la selección" |trans-title=Catanha: "Málaga CF gave me the chance to reach the national team" |url=http://www.malagacf.com/noticia/catanha-el-malaga-cf-me-dio-la-oportunidad-de-ir-a-la-seleccion |access-date=4 May 2016 |publisher=Málaga CF |language=Spanish}}</ref> Ya ci ƙarin kwallaye 24 a gasar 1999-2000, inda ya yi kunnen doki da Jimmy Floyd Hasselbaink na [[Atlético Madrid|Atletico Madrid]] . Catanha ya koma [[RC Celta de Vigo]] a watan Yulin 2000, inda ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a wasannin da [[Galicia (Spain)|Galicia]] ta yi a cikin gida da kuma [[UEFA|na Turai]] a cikin shekaru uku. Duk da haka, lokacin da kulob din ya buga [[UEFA Champions League|gasar zakarun Turai ta UEFA]] a kakar wasa ta 2003-04, ya goyi bayan Savo Milošević ne kawai, kuma ya sha wahala a faduwa daga gasar . <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 April 2008 |title=Catanha |url=http://www.yojugueenelcelta.com/2008/04/catanha.html |access-date=6 April 2014 |publisher=Yo Jugué en el Celta |language=Spanish}}</ref> Bayan haka Catanha ba a kula da shi sosai ba, yana wakiltar FC Krylia Sovetov Samara, Belenenses, Marília Atlético Clube da Clube Atlético Mineiro . <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 August 2005 |title=Catanha estréia no Atlético-MG neste sábado |trans-title=Catanha to make Atlético-MG debut this Saturday |url=http://esportes.terra.com.br/futebol/brasileiro2005/interna/0,,OI636239-EI4847,00-Catanha+estreia+no+AtleticoMG+neste+sabado.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160602022104/http://esportes.terra.com.br/futebol/brasileiro2005/interna/0,,OI636239-EI4847,00-Catanha+estreia+no+AtleticoMG+neste+sabado.html |archive-date=2 June 2016 |access-date=12 May 2016 |publisher=Terra |language=Portuguese}}</ref> A watan Janairun 2006 ya koma Spain, yana wasa da CD Linares mai sauƙi ( mataki na uku, kakar wasa biyu da rabi) da kuma Unión Estepona CF ( division na huɗu ). A farkon shekarar 2010, Catanha yana da shekaru kusan 38, ya koma ƙasar haihuwarsa, inda ya sake komawa fagen wasa a ƙananan lig. <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 January 2012 |title=Sport Atalaia anuncia atacante Catanha para o Alagoano |trans-title=Sport Atalaia announces forward Catanha for ''Alagoano'' |url=http://www.tribunahoje.com/noticia/15836/esporte/2012/01/26/sport-atalaia-anuncia-atacante-catanha-para-o-alagoano.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160604092513/http://www.tribunahoje.com/noticia/15836/esporte/2012/01/26/sport-atalaia-anuncia-atacante-catanha-para-o-alagoano.html |archive-date=4 June 2016 |access-date=12 May 2016 |publisher=Tribuna Hoje |language=Portuguese}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2016 |title=Catanha acerta seu retorno ao futebol para defender o Sete de Setembro |trans-title=Catanha confirms his return to football to defend Sete de Setembro |url=http://gazetaweb.globo.com/portal/noticia.php?c=5872 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160610085845/http://gazetaweb.globo.com/portal/noticia.php?c=5872 |archive-date=10 June 2016 |access-date=12 May 2016 |publisher=Gazeta Web |language=Portuguese}}</ref> Bayan ya shafe shekaru 40 yana wasa tare da ɗansa Pedro a UD Dos Hermanas San Andrés, daga ƙarshe ya yi ritaya daga ƙwallon ƙafa a shekarar 2017, bayan ya yi wasa a Club Atlético Estación. <ref name="OF">{{Cite web |date=20 March 2020 |title=Catanha, la gaviota que sobrevoló el fútbol modesto |trans-title=Catanha, the seagull who flew over the modest football |url=https://onefootball.com/es/noticias/catanha-la-gaviota-que-sobrevolo-el-futbol-modesto-29509819?variable=20200419 |access-date=19 April 2020 |publisher=OneFootball |language=es}}</ref> An sanar da Catanha a matsayin manajan ƙungiyar Leo FC ta rukuni na biyu ta Gibraltar a watan Yunin 2017, <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 June 2017 |title=Jun 16 – Leo FC signs on Catanha as first team manager |url=https://www.yourgibraltartv.com/sport/14953-jun-16-leo-fc-signs-on-catanha-as-first-team-manager |access-date=19 November 2017 |publisher=Your Gibraltar TV}}</ref> amma ya yi murabus kafin ya fito a gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai. Daga nan ya zama darektan ƙwallon ƙafa na CD Estepona. <ref name="OF">{{Cite web |date=20 March 2020 |title=Catanha, la gaviota que sobrevoló el fútbol modesto |trans-title=Catanha, the seagull who flew over the modest football |url=https://onefootball.com/es/noticias/catanha-la-gaviota-que-sobrevolo-el-futbol-modesto-29509819?variable=20200419 |access-date=19 April 2020 |publisher=OneFootball |language=es}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://onefootball.com/es/noticias/catanha-la-gaviota-que-sobrevolo-el-futbol-modesto-29509819?variable=20200419 "Catanha, la gaviota que sobrevoló el fútbol modesto"] &#x5B;Catanha, the seagull who flew over the modest football&#x5D; (in Spanish). OneFootball. 20 March 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)]]</ref> == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == Catanha ya buga wa Spain wasanni uku - duk a shekarar 2000 - duk da cewa an haife shi a Brazil. Wasansa na farko ya faru ne a ranar 7 ga Oktoba a wasan neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA da Isra'ila a shekarar 2002, inda ya buga wasa a minti na 71 a madadin Ismael Urzaiz a wasan da suka ci 2-0 a gida. [1] Catanha yana ɗaya daga cikin 'yan wasa biyar baƙaƙe ko na gauraye da suka buga wa Spain wasa tare da Thiago Alcântara, Donato, Vicente Engonga da Marcos Senna, duk 'yan ƙasar Brazil ne banda na uku. <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 May 2012 |title=Spanish Football Legends: Celta Vigo's Catanha |url=http://www.insidespanishfootball.com/11495/spanish-football-legends-celta-vigos-catanha/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160611160342/http://www.insidespanishfootball.com/11495/spanish-football-legends-celta-vigos-catanha/# |archive-date=11 June 2016 |access-date=12 May 2016 |publisher=Inside Spanish Football}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * Jerin 'Yan Wasan Kwallon Kafa Na Ƙasashen Duniya Na Spain Da Aka Haifa A Wajen Spain == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1972]] 2ya89eyaaw8yelzc2b2pxh8yotv8un7 0 149169 829853 2026-05-05T04:57:43Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1326503231|Cássio (footballer, born 1983)]]" 829853 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Cássio Vargas Barbosa''', wanda aka fi sani da '''Cássio''', (an haife shi a ranar 25 ga Nuwamba 1983) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Brazil wanda ya buga ƙwallon gaba. An haife shi a Porto Alegre . == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * Profile at SambaFoot at the Wayback Machine (archived August 3, 2008) * [http://www.lpfp.pt/liga_sagres/pages/jogador.aspx?epoca=20092010&clube=u_leiria&jogador=1438 Portuguese Liga Profile] {{In lang|pt}} * Cássio – K League stats at kleague.com (in Korean and English) * {{Soccerway|cassio-vargas-barbosa/17134}} * Cássio at RomanianSoccer.ro (in Romanian) * Cássio at WorldFootball.net * Cássio at ForaDeJogo (archived) [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1983]] 14yyc8het9bb20bhecvre9eye3sa6vp 829854 829853 2026-05-05T04:58:01Z Sardeeq 39275 829854 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Cássio Vargas Barbosa''', wanda aka fi sani da '''Cássio''', (an haife shi a ranar 25 ga Nuwamba 1983) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Brazil wanda ya buga ƙwallon gaba. An haife shi a Porto Alegre . == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * Profile at SambaFoot at the Wayback Machine (archived August 3, 2008) * [http://www.lpfp.pt/liga_sagres/pages/jogador.aspx?epoca=20092010&clube=u_leiria&jogador=1438 Portuguese Liga Profile] {{In lang|pt}} * Cássio – K League stats at kleague.com (in Korean and English) * {{Soccerway|cassio-vargas-barbosa/17134}} * Cássio at RomanianSoccer.ro (in Romanian) * Cássio at WorldFootball.net * Cássio at ForaDeJogo (archived) [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1983]] h8jcp7y5ea0hxyg6wcg41gzct9y3p9q 0 149170 829856 2026-05-05T04:58:38Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1279885771|Carlos Miguel (footballer, born 1972)]]" 829856 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Carlos Miguel da Silva Júnior''' (an haife shi 12 Yuni 1972 a Bento Gonçalves, Brazil), wanda aka fi sani da '''Carlos Miguel''', tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Brazil wanda ya taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] . == Sana'a == Ya fara aikinsa a Grêmio a shekarar 1992, amma ya shahara da zuwan koci Luiz Felipe Scolari a shekarar 1993. Ya yi nasara a Grêmio, inda ya lashe Copa Libertadores a shekarar 1995. Bayan ya sami gogewa da Grêmio, a shekarar 1997 ya koma Turai, inda ya koma Sporting CP a Portugal, amma bai saba da sabuwar nahiyar ba, ya koma Brazil, inda ya koma São Paulo . A shekara ta 2001, kyakkyawan wasa ya sa aka kira shi cikin tawagar Brazil don gasar cin kofin Confederation Cup ta 2001 ta hannun kocin Emerson Leão . Carlos Miguel ya zira kwallo ta biyu a wasan da Brazil ta doke Kamaru da ci 2-0, yayin da Washington ta zira kwallo ta biyu. Daga ƙarshe Brazil ta fice daga gasar a wasan kusa da na karshe. Wasanni biyar da ya buga a gasar su ne kawai wasannin da ya taɓa yi wa ƙungiyar ƙasa. [1] Ya yi ritaya a shekarar 2007 bayan da ya yi ritaya da Corinthians-AL . == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1972]] laqhtv5ikabkik6vsqy70b69whu1t2e 829859 829856 2026-05-05T04:59:43Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1279885771|Carlos Miguel (footballer, born 1972)]]" 829859 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Carlos Miguel da Silva Júnior''' (an haife shi 12 Yuni 1972 a Bento Gonçalves, Brazil), wanda aka fi sani da '''Carlos Miguel''', tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Brazil wanda ya taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]].<ref>Carlos Miguel Statistics FIFA. Retrieved 6 February 2010.</ref> == Sana'a == Ya fara aikinsa a Grêmio a shekarar 1992, amma ya shahara da zuwan koci Luiz Felipe Scolari a shekarar 1993. Ya yi nasara a Grêmio, inda ya lashe Copa Libertadores a shekarar 1995. Bayan ya sami gogewa da Grêmio, a shekarar 1997 ya koma Turai, inda ya koma Sporting CP a Portugal, amma bai saba da sabuwar nahiyar ba, ya koma Brazil, inda ya koma São Paulo . A shekara ta 2001, kyakkyawan wasa ya sa aka kira shi cikin tawagar Brazil don gasar cin kofin Confederation Cup ta 2001 ta hannun kocin Emerson Leão . Carlos Miguel ya zira kwallo ta biyu a wasan da Brazil ta doke Kamaru da ci 2-0, yayin da Washington ta zira kwallo ta biyu. Daga ƙarshe Brazil ta fice daga gasar a wasan kusa da na karshe. Wasanni biyar da ya buga a gasar su ne kawai wasannin da ya taɓa yi wa ƙungiyar ƙasa. [1] Ya yi ritaya a shekarar 2007 bayan da ya yi ritaya da Corinthians-AL . == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1972]] bjfyxndbjdil3x1713svtjjrmz01vkb 829861 829859 2026-05-05T05:00:16Z Sardeeq 39275 829861 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Carlos Miguel da Silva Júnior''' (an haife shi 12 Yuni 1972 a Bento Gonçalves, Brazil), wanda aka fi sani da '''Carlos Miguel''', tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Brazil wanda ya taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]].<ref>Carlos Miguel Statistics FIFA. Retrieved 6 February 2010.</ref> == Sana'a == Ya fara aikinsa a Grêmio a shekarar 1992, amma ya shahara da zuwan koci Luiz Felipe Scolari a shekarar 1993. Ya yi nasara a Grêmio, inda ya lashe Copa Libertadores a shekarar 1995. Bayan ya sami gogewa da Grêmio, a shekarar 1997 ya koma Turai, inda ya koma Sporting CP a Portugal, amma bai saba da sabuwar nahiyar ba, ya koma Brazil, inda ya koma São Paulo . A shekara ta 2001, kyakkyawan wasa ya sa aka kira shi cikin tawagar Brazil don gasar cin kofin Confederation Cup ta 2001 ta hannun kocin Emerson Leão . Carlos Miguel ya zira kwallo ta biyu a wasan da Brazil ta doke Kamaru da ci 2-0, yayin da Washington ta zira kwallo ta biyu. Daga ƙarshe Brazil ta fice daga gasar a wasan kusa da na karshe. Wasanni biyar da ya buga a gasar su ne kawai wasannin da ya taɓa yi wa ƙungiyar ƙasa. [1] Ya yi ritaya a shekarar 2007 bayan da ya yi ritaya da Corinthians-AL . == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1972]] ttotni5az22gn0sz07cr99wyvrvfvlh 0 149171 829863 2026-05-05T05:01:02Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1318211942|Piá Carioca]]" 829863 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marcus Vinícius Pedro Nogueira''' (an haife shi 16 Oktoba 1960), wanda aka fi sani da '''Piá Carioca''', tsohon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] ɗan ƙasar Brazil wanda ya taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|baya na hagu]] . == Sana'a == Dan wasan baya na hagu wanda aka kafa a Flamengo, ya buga wasanni 221 a ƙungiyar, kuma ya ba da gudummawa ga nasarorin gasar cin kofin Brazil ta 1992, Copa do Brasil ta 1990 da kuma gasar jihar a 1991. Daga baya ya buga wa CF União da Santos wasa. An san shi da Piá Carioca don kada a ruɗe shi da Piá, daga ƙwallon ƙafa ta São Paulo . [1] [2] == Daraja == ; Flamengo * Campeonato Brasileiro : 1992 * Gasar Copa ta Brazil : 1990 * Campeonato Carioca : 1991 * Taça Guanabara : 1989 * Taça Rio : 1991 * Copa Rio : 1991 * Taca Brahma dos Campeões : 1992 * Kofin Marlboro : 1990 == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1969]] 48awu1s32dm4p1kxykid7nz60a60od3 829866 829863 2026-05-05T05:01:38Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1318211942|Piá Carioca]]" 829866 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marcus Vinícius Pedro Nogueira''' (an haife shi 16 Oktoba 1960), wanda aka fi sani da '''Piá Carioca''', tsohon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] ɗan ƙasar Brazil wanda ya taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|baya na hagu]].<ref>"Jogadores do Clube de Regatas do Flamengo (Piá)". Flaestatística (in Portuguese). Archived from the original on 18 March 2024. Retrieved 18 March 2024.</ref> == Sana'a == Dan wasan baya na hagu wanda aka kafa a Flamengo, ya buga wasanni 221 a ƙungiyar, kuma ya ba da gudummawa ga nasarorin gasar cin kofin Brazil ta 1992, Copa do Brasil ta 1990 da kuma gasar jihar a 1991. Daga baya ya buga wa CF União da Santos wasa. An san shi da Piá Carioca don kada a ruɗe shi da Piá, daga ƙwallon ƙafa ta São Paulo . [1] [2] == Daraja == ; Flamengo * Campeonato Brasileiro : 1992 * Gasar Copa ta Brazil : 1990 * Campeonato Carioca : 1991 * Taça Guanabara : 1989 * Taça Rio : 1991 * Copa Rio : 1991 * Taca Brahma dos Campeões : 1992 * Kofin Marlboro : 1990 == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1969]] 786shu1xce3skovp63aa9qezy7adt6l 829867 829866 2026-05-05T05:01:55Z Sardeeq 39275 829867 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Marcus Vinícius Pedro Nogueira''' (an haife shi 16 Oktoba 1960), wanda aka fi sani da '''Piá Carioca''', tsohon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] ɗan ƙasar Brazil wanda ya taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|baya na hagu]].<ref>"Jogadores do Clube de Regatas do Flamengo (Piá)". Flaestatística (in Portuguese). Archived from the original on 18 March 2024. Retrieved 18 March 2024.</ref> == Sana'a == Dan wasan baya na hagu wanda aka kafa a Flamengo, ya buga wasanni 221 a ƙungiyar, kuma ya ba da gudummawa ga nasarorin gasar cin kofin Brazil ta 1992, Copa do Brasil ta 1990 da kuma gasar jihar a 1991. Daga baya ya buga wa CF União da Santos wasa. An san shi da Piá Carioca don kada a ruɗe shi da Piá, daga ƙwallon ƙafa ta São Paulo . [1] [2] == Daraja == ; Flamengo * Campeonato Brasileiro : 1992 * Gasar Copa ta Brazil : 1990 * Campeonato Carioca : 1991 * Taça Guanabara : 1989 * Taça Rio : 1991 * Copa Rio : 1991 * Taca Brahma dos Campeões : 1992 * Kofin Marlboro : 1990 == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1969]] ktw5yh8kmql6arxszg8o7exiqqcelef 0 149172 829870 2026-05-05T05:02:46Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1331994829|Mischa Boelens]]" 829870 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mischa Boelens''' (an haife ta a ranar 23 ga Fabrairu 1995) tsohuwar [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ce ']] yar ƙasar Curaçao wadda ke buga wasa a matsayin 'yar [[Mai buga baya|wasan baya ta dama]] . Yana kuma da takardar zama ɗan ƙasar [[Holand|Holland]] . == Aikin kulob == Ya fara buga wasa a Eerste Division a Achilles '29 a ranar 7 ga Agusta 2015 a wasan da suka yi da Jong Ajax . [1] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1995]] 4gjmvkq0haev23eu5r0hj84pzw66vma 829873 829870 2026-05-05T05:03:55Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1331994829|Mischa Boelens]]" 829873 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mischa Boelens''' (an haife ta a ranar 23 ga Fabrairu 1995) tsohuwar [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ce ']] yar ƙasar Curaçao wadda ke buga wasa a matsayin 'yar [[Mai buga baya|wasan baya ta dama]] . Yana kuma da takardar zama ɗan ƙasar [[Holand|Holland]] .<ref>Mischa Boelens vierde ex-prof voor Duno, gelderlander.nl, 27 May 2017</ref><ref>"Game Report by Soccerway". Soccerway. 7 August 2015.</ref> == Aikin kulob == Ya fara buga wasa a Eerste Division a Achilles '29 a ranar 7 ga Agusta 2015 a wasan da suka yi da Jong Ajax . [1] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1995]] pfgzdz7dnbuhrch0iqzr3g2ogohjn67 829875 829873 2026-05-05T05:04:35Z Sardeeq 39275 829875 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mischa Boelens''' (an haife ta a ranar 23 ga Fabrairu 1995) tsohuwar [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ce ']] yar ƙasar Curaçao wadda ke buga wasa a matsayin 'yar [[Mai buga baya|wasan baya ta dama]] . Yana kuma da takardar zama ɗan ƙasar [[Holand|Holland]] .<ref>Mischa Boelens vierde ex-prof voor Duno, gelderlander.nl, 27 May 2017</ref><ref>"Game Report by Soccerway". Soccerway. 7 August 2015.</ref> == Aikin kulob == Ya fara buga wasa a Eerste Division a Achilles '29 a ranar 7 ga Agusta 2015 a wasan da suka yi da Jong Ajax . [1] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1995]] sw7bnpnk3n9ioppbibl359tdcprh5ui 0 149173 829877 2026-05-05T05:05:26Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1324723398|Remon van Bochoven]]" 829877 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Remon van Bochoven''' (an haife shi a ranar 27 ga Afrilu 1989) tsohon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] na ƙasar Holland wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Remon van Bochoven |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe319393/remon-van-bochoven/ |access-date=13 January 2014 |publisher=worldfootball.net}}</ref> == Aikin kulob == Van Bochoven shi ne ya fi zura kwallo a raga a gasar Topklasse ta 2011–12 da kwallaye 25 a wasanni 27. Bayan gwajin da bai yi nasara ba a FC Utrecht da Heracles Almelo, Van Bochoven ya shiga Rijnsburgse Boys a lokacin rani na 2012. Bayan shekara guda ya koma sabon gefen Eerste Divisie Achilles '29 . [1] Bayan da Achilles ya sallame shi, van Bochoven ya koma Haaglandia, <ref>[http://haaglandenvoetbal.nl/remon-van-bochoven-kan-debuut-maken-bij-zaterdagtak-haaglandiawinston/ Rémon van Bochoven kan debuut maken bij zaterdagtak Haaglandia/Winston] - Haaglanden Voetbal {{In lang|nl}}</ref> sai kawai ya koma Westlandia a kakar wasa mai zuwa. <ref>[http://www.rkvv-westlandia.nl/senioren/zondag/734-remon-van-bochoven-eerste-grote-aanwinst-zondagselectie.html Remon van Bochoven eerste grote aanwinst zondagselectie] - Westlandia {{In lang|nl}}</ref> Van Bochoven ya koma kulob dinsa na farko DSO daga Zoetermeer a shekarar 2019. A watan Oktoba 2021, ya koma Westlandia . == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1989]] lenp38b4j50nzneiv6bsty6qjuci29c 829878 829877 2026-05-05T05:05:46Z Sardeeq 39275 829878 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Remon van Bochoven''' (an haife shi a ranar 27 ga Afrilu 1989) tsohon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] na ƙasar Holland wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Remon van Bochoven |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe319393/remon-van-bochoven/ |access-date=13 January 2014 |publisher=worldfootball.net}}</ref> == Aikin kulob == Van Bochoven shi ne ya fi zura kwallo a raga a gasar Topklasse ta 2011–12 da kwallaye 25 a wasanni 27. Bayan gwajin da bai yi nasara ba a FC Utrecht da Heracles Almelo, Van Bochoven ya shiga Rijnsburgse Boys a lokacin rani na 2012. Bayan shekara guda ya koma sabon gefen Eerste Divisie Achilles '29 . [1] Bayan da Achilles ya sallame shi, van Bochoven ya koma Haaglandia, <ref>[http://haaglandenvoetbal.nl/remon-van-bochoven-kan-debuut-maken-bij-zaterdagtak-haaglandiawinston/ Rémon van Bochoven kan debuut maken bij zaterdagtak Haaglandia/Winston] - Haaglanden Voetbal {{In lang|nl}}</ref> sai kawai ya koma Westlandia a kakar wasa mai zuwa. <ref>[http://www.rkvv-westlandia.nl/senioren/zondag/734-remon-van-bochoven-eerste-grote-aanwinst-zondagselectie.html Remon van Bochoven eerste grote aanwinst zondagselectie] - Westlandia {{In lang|nl}}</ref> Van Bochoven ya koma kulob dinsa na farko DSO daga Zoetermeer a shekarar 2019. A watan Oktoba 2021, ya koma Westlandia . == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1989]] o0xyty9t738dooicgqo5mipapocdbyk 0 149174 829879 2026-05-05T05:06:30Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1349692617|Barry Beijer]]" 829879 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Barry Beijer''' (an haife shi a ranar 6 ga Disamba 1989) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] ɗan ƙasar Holland wanda ke taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|ɗan baya na tsakiya]] ga Scherpenzeel . == Aikin kulob == Ya fara buga wasa a Eerste Division a Achilles '29 a ranar 7 ga Agusta 2015 a wasan da suka yi da Jong Ajax . [1] A shekarar 2020 ya bar Spakenburg zuwa ƙungiyar DOVO, [2] amma sai ya bar su zuwa TEC a watan Janairun 2021. [3] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1989]] rp362dl1tkv17oerqd0aa3scwrvgstb 829882 829879 2026-05-05T05:07:45Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1349692617|Barry Beijer]]" 829882 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Barry Beijer''' (an haife shi a ranar 6 ga Disamba 1989) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] ɗan ƙasar Holland wanda ke taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|ɗan baya na tsakiya]] ga Scherpenzeel . <ref>Barry Beijer van Spakenburg naar DOVO". RTV Utrecht (in Dutch). 9 June 2020. Retrieved 18 April 2026.</ref><ref>Barry Beijer vertrekt per direct naar TEC". DOVO (in Dutch). 30 January 2021. Retrieved 18 April 2026.</ref> == Aikin kulob == Ya fara buga wasa a Eerste Division a Achilles '29 a ranar 7 ga Agusta 2015 a wasan da suka yi da Jong Ajax . [1] A shekarar 2020 ya bar Spakenburg zuwa ƙungiyar DOVO, [2] amma sai ya bar su zuwa TEC a watan Janairun 2021. [3] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1989]] czozsoij2cp8g22hsqgmuhsqqa4nja4 829883 829882 2026-05-05T05:08:01Z Sardeeq 39275 829883 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Barry Beijer''' (an haife shi a ranar 6 ga Disamba 1989) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] ɗan ƙasar Holland wanda ke taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|ɗan baya na tsakiya]] ga Scherpenzeel . <ref>Barry Beijer van Spakenburg naar DOVO". RTV Utrecht (in Dutch). 9 June 2020. Retrieved 18 April 2026.</ref><ref>Barry Beijer vertrekt per direct naar TEC". DOVO (in Dutch). 30 January 2021. Retrieved 18 April 2026.</ref> == Aikin kulob == Ya fara buga wasa a Eerste Division a Achilles '29 a ranar 7 ga Agusta 2015 a wasan da suka yi da Jong Ajax . [1] A shekarar 2020 ya bar Spakenburg zuwa ƙungiyar DOVO, [2] amma sai ya bar su zuwa TEC a watan Janairun 2021. [3] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1989]] 8hbhjrhrdh236ondfinwc5axu3tvme7 0 149175 829885 2026-05-05T05:08:37Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1349680959|Boy van de Beek]]" 829885 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Boy van de Beek''' (an haife shi a ranar 13 ga Nuwamba 1993) ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Holland wanda ke bugawa ƙungiyar VV Germania mai son wasa. == Aikin kulob == Ya fara buga wasa a Eerste Division a Achilles '29 a ranar 7 ga Agusta 2015 a wasan da suka yi da Jong Ajax . [1] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1993]] p7h0w8cgyx27pvtpmtx8j1o50sicclg 829888 829885 2026-05-05T05:09:45Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1349680959|Boy van de Beek]]" 829888 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Boy van de Beek''' (an haife shi a ranar 13 ga Nuwamba 1993) ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Holland wanda ke bugawa ƙungiyar VV Germania mai son wasa. <ref>Boy van de Beek at WorldFootball.net</ref><ref>Game Report by Soccerway". Soccerway. 7 August 2015</ref> == Aikin kulob == Ya fara buga wasa a Eerste Division a Achilles '29 a ranar 7 ga Agusta 2015 a wasan da suka yi da Jong Ajax . [1] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1993]] bpv044266vpp314hjfadsrzv98zfqk3 829889 829888 2026-05-05T05:10:07Z Sardeeq 39275 829889 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Boy van de Beek''' (an haife shi a ranar 13 ga Nuwamba 1993) ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Holland wanda ke bugawa ƙungiyar VV Germania mai son wasa. <ref>Boy van de Beek at WorldFootball.net</ref><ref>Game Report by Soccerway". Soccerway. 7 August 2015</ref> == Aikin kulob == Ya fara buga wasa a Eerste Division a Achilles '29 a ranar 7 ga Agusta 2015 a wasan da suka yi da Jong Ajax . [1] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1993]] rd0w7yla5r2vr7b9yqhpbxv8gigh2lh 0 149176 829891 2026-05-05T05:11:08Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1348101422|Arno Arts]]" 829891 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Arnoldus ("Arno") Johannes Theodorus Arts''' (an haife shi a ranar 26 ga Yuni 1969) kocin [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Holland kuma tsohon ɗan wasa wanda ya taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] . A halin yanzu shi ne mataimakin kocin ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 19 ta FC Utrecht . == Sana'ar wasa == Arno Arts, an haife shi a ranar 26 ga Yuni, 1969 a unguwar ma'aikata ta Het Vilje da ke Groesbeek, ya fara tafiyarsa ta ƙwallon ƙafa a titi kafin ya koma ƙungiyar Achilles '29 tana da shekaru takwas. Yana da shekaru 16, Ger Reijnen ya yi masa bincike kuma ya koma NEC, inda ya fara buga ƙwallonsa ta farko a ranar 17 ga Agusta, 1986 a wasan da suka yi da DS '79 . <ref name="linkspoot">{{Cite web |title=Over Arno |url=https://arnoartslinkspoot.nl/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241123223633/https://arnoartslinkspoot.nl/ |archive-date=23 November 2024 |access-date=20 January 2025 |website=Arno Arts Linkspoot |language=nl}}</ref> Arts ya ji daɗin aiki mai kyau, yana bugawa ƙungiyoyi da dama, ciki har da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Switzerland FC Luzern, Twente, Cambuur, Willem II, Utrecht, da VVV-Venlo . Ya fafata a ƙwallon ƙafa ta Turai tare da Twente, Willem II, da Utrecht, kuma ya yi nasara sosai a Willem II, inda ya buga [[UEFA Champions League|gasar zakarun Turai ta UEFA]] kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin kyaftin na ƙungiyar na dogon lokaci. <ref name="linkspoot">{{Cite web |title=Over Arno |url=https://arnoartslinkspoot.nl/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241123223633/https://arnoartslinkspoot.nl/ |archive-date=23 November 2024 |access-date=20 January 2025 |website=Arno Arts Linkspoot |language=nl}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20241123223633/https://arnoartslinkspoot.nl/ "Over Arno"]. ''Arno Arts Linkspoot'' (in Dutch). Archived from [https://arnoartslinkspoot.nl/ the original] on 23 November 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 January</span> 2025</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Dutch-language sources (nl)]]</ref> A jimilla, Arts ya buga wasanni 543 a gasar lig, inda ya zura kwallaye 106. Har da gasar Turai da gasar cin kofin Turai, aikinsa ya kai wasanni 655 da kwallaye 125. Nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da lashe gasar Swiss Cup tare da FC Luzern. <ref name="linkspoot">{{Cite web |title=Over Arno |url=https://arnoartslinkspoot.nl/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241123223633/https://arnoartslinkspoot.nl/ |archive-date=23 November 2024 |access-date=20 January 2025 |website=Arno Arts Linkspoot |language=nl}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20241123223633/https://arnoartslinkspoot.nl/ "Over Arno"]. ''Arno Arts Linkspoot'' (in Dutch). Archived from [https://arnoartslinkspoot.nl/ the original] on 23 November 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 January</span> 2025</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Dutch-language sources (nl)]]</ref> == Aikin koyarwa == A shekarar 2008, Arts ya fara aikin koyarwa, inda ya shafe shekaru biyar a makarantar horar da 'yan wasa ta NEC / FC Oss, ciki har da shekaru hudu tare da 'yan wasa 'yan kasa da shekara 19 da kuma daya tare da kungiyar 'yan kasa da shekara 17. Tun daga kakar wasa ta 2015-16, ya horar da JVC Cuijk a gasar Sunday Topklasse, inda ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu a watan Disamba na 2014. A lokaci guda, ya yi aiki a matsayin mai horar da fasaha a Willem II . Duk da haka, JVC Cuijk ya kore shi a ranar 23 ga Fabrairu 2016, kuma kwantiraginsa da Willem II ya kare a wannan bazarar. A watan Fabrairun 2018, an nada Arts a matsayin babban kocin Achilles '29 na tsawon kakar wasa ta 2017-18, inda aka fitar da kungiyar daga Tweede Divisie . A watan Satumba na 2018, ya yi nasarar shigar da kara a kotu domin tilasta ci gaba da kwangilarsa a matsayin babban koci. [1] Daga kakar wasa ta 2019-20, Arts ta horar da SV DFS da Jong Willem II . A kakar wasa ta 2020-21, ya jagoranci {{Interlanguage link|VV Rood Wit|nl}} daga Breedeweg . A watan Janairun 2022, Arts ya koma Utrecht a matsayin kocin matasa, kuma tun daga lokacin ya riƙe mukamai daban-daban a cikin makarantar horar da 'yan wasan ƙungiyar. == Rayuwa ta sirri == Tarihin rayuwarsa, ''Linkspoot, van 't Vilje tot Champions League'', an buga shi a watan Oktoba na 2021. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1969]] 7dyt0hptk1qkn52zxq24h047pnxud66 829892 829891 2026-05-05T05:11:26Z Sardeeq 39275 829892 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Arnoldus ("Arno") Johannes Theodorus Arts''' (an haife shi a ranar 26 ga Yuni 1969) kocin [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Holland kuma tsohon ɗan wasa wanda ya taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] . A halin yanzu shi ne mataimakin kocin ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 19 ta FC Utrecht . == Sana'ar wasa == Arno Arts, an haife shi a ranar 26 ga Yuni, 1969 a unguwar ma'aikata ta Het Vilje da ke Groesbeek, ya fara tafiyarsa ta ƙwallon ƙafa a titi kafin ya koma ƙungiyar Achilles '29 tana da shekaru takwas. Yana da shekaru 16, Ger Reijnen ya yi masa bincike kuma ya koma NEC, inda ya fara buga ƙwallonsa ta farko a ranar 17 ga Agusta, 1986 a wasan da suka yi da DS '79 . <ref name="linkspoot">{{Cite web |title=Over Arno |url=https://arnoartslinkspoot.nl/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241123223633/https://arnoartslinkspoot.nl/ |archive-date=23 November 2024 |access-date=20 January 2025 |website=Arno Arts Linkspoot |language=nl}}</ref> Arts ya ji daɗin aiki mai kyau, yana bugawa ƙungiyoyi da dama, ciki har da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Switzerland FC Luzern, Twente, Cambuur, Willem II, Utrecht, da VVV-Venlo . Ya fafata a ƙwallon ƙafa ta Turai tare da Twente, Willem II, da Utrecht, kuma ya yi nasara sosai a Willem II, inda ya buga [[UEFA Champions League|gasar zakarun Turai ta UEFA]] kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin kyaftin na ƙungiyar na dogon lokaci. <ref name="linkspoot">{{Cite web |title=Over Arno |url=https://arnoartslinkspoot.nl/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241123223633/https://arnoartslinkspoot.nl/ |archive-date=23 November 2024 |access-date=20 January 2025 |website=Arno Arts Linkspoot |language=nl}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20241123223633/https://arnoartslinkspoot.nl/ "Over Arno"]. ''Arno Arts Linkspoot'' (in Dutch). Archived from [https://arnoartslinkspoot.nl/ the original] on 23 November 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 January</span> 2025</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Dutch-language sources (nl)]]</ref> A jimilla, Arts ya buga wasanni 543 a gasar lig, inda ya zura kwallaye 106. Har da gasar Turai da gasar cin kofin Turai, aikinsa ya kai wasanni 655 da kwallaye 125. Nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da lashe gasar Swiss Cup tare da FC Luzern. <ref name="linkspoot">{{Cite web |title=Over Arno |url=https://arnoartslinkspoot.nl/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241123223633/https://arnoartslinkspoot.nl/ |archive-date=23 November 2024 |access-date=20 January 2025 |website=Arno Arts Linkspoot |language=nl}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20241123223633/https://arnoartslinkspoot.nl/ "Over Arno"]. ''Arno Arts Linkspoot'' (in Dutch). Archived from [https://arnoartslinkspoot.nl/ the original] on 23 November 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 January</span> 2025</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Dutch-language sources (nl)]]</ref> == Aikin koyarwa == A shekarar 2008, Arts ya fara aikin koyarwa, inda ya shafe shekaru biyar a makarantar horar da 'yan wasa ta NEC / FC Oss, ciki har da shekaru hudu tare da 'yan wasa 'yan kasa da shekara 19 da kuma daya tare da kungiyar 'yan kasa da shekara 17. Tun daga kakar wasa ta 2015-16, ya horar da JVC Cuijk a gasar Sunday Topklasse, inda ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu a watan Disamba na 2014. A lokaci guda, ya yi aiki a matsayin mai horar da fasaha a Willem II . Duk da haka, JVC Cuijk ya kore shi a ranar 23 ga Fabrairu 2016, kuma kwantiraginsa da Willem II ya kare a wannan bazarar. A watan Fabrairun 2018, an nada Arts a matsayin babban kocin Achilles '29 na tsawon kakar wasa ta 2017-18, inda aka fitar da kungiyar daga Tweede Divisie . A watan Satumba na 2018, ya yi nasarar shigar da kara a kotu domin tilasta ci gaba da kwangilarsa a matsayin babban koci. [1] Daga kakar wasa ta 2019-20, Arts ta horar da SV DFS da Jong Willem II . A kakar wasa ta 2020-21, ya jagoranci {{Interlanguage link|VV Rood Wit|nl}} daga Breedeweg . A watan Janairun 2022, Arts ya koma Utrecht a matsayin kocin matasa, kuma tun daga lokacin ya riƙe mukamai daban-daban a cikin makarantar horar da 'yan wasan ƙungiyar. == Rayuwa ta sirri == Tarihin rayuwarsa, ''Linkspoot, van 't Vilje tot Champions League'', an buga shi a watan Oktoba na 2021. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1969]] awozk5qcrhnwncrxfrs69z9b5x2wx7a 0 149177 829900 2026-05-05T05:22:22Z Em-mustapha 6594 Em-mustapha moved page [[Sakataren yada labarai na Downing Street]] to [[Sakataren Labarai na Downing Street]] 829900 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Sakataren Labarai na Downing Street]] l8bs064mg8cng9f8z2t9tijwhw443sx 0 149178 829948 2026-05-05T08:55:45Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1331994960|Shuremy Felomina]]" 829948 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Shuremy Felomina''' (an haife shi a ranar 4 ga Maris 1995) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Curaçao wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya ga Esperanza Pelt da ke Belgium . [1] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1995]] ggauxxiux3d8e6wjnuudzdkukhpznsr 829949 829948 2026-05-05T08:56:17Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1331994960|Shuremy Felomina]]" 829949 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Shuremy Felomina''' (an haife shi a ranar 4 ga Maris 1995) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Curaçao wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya ga Esperanza Pelt da ke Belgium . [1]<ref>Shuremy Felomina at WorldFootball.net</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1995]] 1wzdlw01mpdb2y58wvrv8okc55u8k62 829950 829949 2026-05-05T08:56:39Z Sardeeq 39275 829950 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Shuremy Felomina''' (an haife shi a ranar 4 ga Maris 1995) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Curaçao wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya ga Esperanza Pelt da ke Belgium . [1]<ref>Shuremy Felomina at WorldFootball.net</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1995]] l1ojzstup1jjdb7oojpnkyrmlxa6tnu 0 149179 829951 2026-05-05T09:04:32Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1324517031|Joey Dekkers]]" 829951 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Joey Dekkers''' (an haife shi a ranar 3 ga Oktoba 1989) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan]] ƙasar Holland wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] . == Aikin kulob == Dekkers ya koma ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙwararru a ƙarshen shekaru 25, bayan ya koma Achilles '29 a shekarar 2015 daga ƙungiyar masu son EVV . Kafin haka, ɗan wasan tsakiya mai gefen hagu ya buga wa SVC 2000 da Sportclub Irene. <ref>[https://www.1limburg.nl/evver-joey-dekkers-tekent-bij-achilles-29 EVV'er Joey Dekkers tekent bij Achilles '29] - 1Limburg {{In lang|nl}}</ref> Ya fara buga wasa a Eerste Division a Achilles '29 a ranar 7 ga Agusta 2015 a wasan da suka yi da Jong Ajax kuma ya zura kwallo mai kyau a wasan da Achilles suka ci 2-1. [1] A shekarar 2017, ya sha kaye a hannun Achilles '29 daga Eerste Division, bayan haka ya koma EVV a Derde Division . [2] A shekarar 2018, ya koma Achilles '29, a lokacin kuma yana fafatawa a Derde Division. Bayan Achilles '29 ya sake fuskantar koma baya, Dekkers ya koma kungiyar Groesbeek ta De Treffers a watan Yunin 2019, yana bugawa a Tweede Divisie ta mataki na uku. [3] A watan Fabrairun 2021, Groene Ster ya tabbatar da cewa Dekkers zai hade da kungiyar kafin kakar wasa ta 2021-22 mai zuwa. [4] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1989]] hzme8q0geehby25zr2flj61xlymach3 829952 829951 2026-05-05T09:04:48Z Sardeeq 39275 829952 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Joey Dekkers''' (an haife shi a ranar 3 ga Oktoba 1989) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan]] ƙasar Holland wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] . == Aikin kulob == Dekkers ya koma ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙwararru a ƙarshen shekaru 25, bayan ya koma Achilles '29 a shekarar 2015 daga ƙungiyar masu son EVV . Kafin haka, ɗan wasan tsakiya mai gefen hagu ya buga wa SVC 2000 da Sportclub Irene. <ref>[https://www.1limburg.nl/evver-joey-dekkers-tekent-bij-achilles-29 EVV'er Joey Dekkers tekent bij Achilles '29] - 1Limburg {{In lang|nl}}</ref> Ya fara buga wasa a Eerste Division a Achilles '29 a ranar 7 ga Agusta 2015 a wasan da suka yi da Jong Ajax kuma ya zura kwallo mai kyau a wasan da Achilles suka ci 2-1. [1] A shekarar 2017, ya sha kaye a hannun Achilles '29 daga Eerste Division, bayan haka ya koma EVV a Derde Division . [2] A shekarar 2018, ya koma Achilles '29, a lokacin kuma yana fafatawa a Derde Division. Bayan Achilles '29 ya sake fuskantar koma baya, Dekkers ya koma kungiyar Groesbeek ta De Treffers a watan Yunin 2019, yana bugawa a Tweede Divisie ta mataki na uku. [3] A watan Fabrairun 2021, Groene Ster ya tabbatar da cewa Dekkers zai hade da kungiyar kafin kakar wasa ta 2021-22 mai zuwa. [4] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1989]] gclroy5gvolncvs37la7mfvpz2lt47k 0 149180 829953 2026-05-05T09:05:22Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1325463783|Frank Wiafe Danquah]]" 829953 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Frank Wiafe Danquah''' (an haife shi a ranar 14 ga Oktoba 1989) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] ɗan ƙasar Holland kuma ɗan asalin [[Ghana|ƙasar Ghana]] wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin ɗan gaba a ƙungiyar Hoofdklasse ta DUNO . == Aikin kulob == Frank Wiafe Danquah ya fara aiki a ƙungiyar matasa ta Ajax Amsterdam da ke [[Holand|Netherlands]] . Daga nan aka ba shi gwaji daga [[Newcastle United FC|Newcastle United]] kuma ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar matasa tare da su a watan Yulin 2006. <ref name="Frank Wiafe Danquah Bio">{{Cite web |date= |title=Frank Wiafe Danquah Bio |url=http://www.nufc.co.uk/page/Teams/PlayerProfile/0,,10278~43991,00.html |access-date=5 June 2011 |publisher=nufc.co.uk}}</ref> Ya yi fice a ƙungiyar kuma ya zama ɗan wasan da ya fi zura kwallaye a ƙungiyar, kuma a ranar 8 ga Yulin 2008 ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar ƙwararru ta shekaru 2 da [[Newcastle United FC|Newcastle United]] . <ref name="Newcastle sign youngster Wiafe Danquah">{{Cite web |date=8 July 2008 |title=Newcastle sign youngster Wiafe Danquah |url=http://www.soccernews.com/newcastle-sign-youngster-wiafe-danquah/3889/ |access-date=5 June 2011 |publisher=soccernews.com}}</ref> Lokacin da kwangilar Wiafe Danquah ta ƙare a lokacin bazara na 2010, ba a ba shi sabuwar kwangila ba, sai ya koma Ferencváros a [[Hungariya|Hungary]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Magyarfutball.hu |title=Danquah Frank (Amszterdam 1989.10.04) • Személyek |url=https://www.magyarfutball.hu/hu/szemelyek/adatlap/22095/frank_danquah |access-date=2023-03-18 |website=www.magyarfutball.hu |language=hu}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=FRANK WIAFE DANQUAH - FERENCVÁROSI TC |url=https://adatbank.mlsz.hu/player/427501.html |access-date=2023-03-18 |website=adatbank.mlsz.hu |language=hu}}</ref> Kwantiraginsa da ƙungiyar ya wargaje saboda matsalolin kuɗi a ƙarshen 2010. A ranar 17 ga Fabrairu, 2011 ya koma Waasland-Beveren a [[Beljik|Belgium]] . <ref name="W-B rondt komst Frank Wiafe Danquah af">{{Cite web |date=17 February 2011 |title=W-B rondt komst Frank Wiafe Danquah af |url=http://www.waasland-beveren.be/index.php?option=com_k2&view=item&id=1309:w-b-rondt-komst-frank-wiafe-danquah-af&Itemid=86 |access-date=5 June 2011 |publisher=waasland-beveren.be |language=nl-be}}</ref> A watan Fabrairu na 2013 ya koma Romania, lokacin da ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar watanni 6 da Brașov . <ref>[https://www.vi.nl/nieuws/kortom-persboycot-steaua-grindheim-naar-valerengen.htm?channel=phone Kortom - Persboycot Steaua, Grindheim naar Vålerengen] - Voetbal International {{In lang|nl}}</ref> A watan Satumba na 2014, Wiafe Danquah ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar Achilles '29 har zuwa ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2014-15 . [1] Ya koma FC Lienden a kakar wasa ta 2015/16 Topklasse [2] sannan ya koma ƙungiyar Eerste Divisie Fortuna Sittard a kakar wasa mai zuwa, [3] sai dai ya koma Lienden a watan Janairun 2017. [4] A ranar 5 ga Fabrairu 2021, Wiafe Danquah ya sanya hannu tare da DUNO a cikin Hoofdklasse . == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1989]] erropi0gql5qtv9br4pbrlxia18uj7o 829956 829953 2026-05-05T09:05:37Z Sardeeq 39275 829956 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Frank Wiafe Danquah''' (an haife shi a ranar 14 ga Oktoba 1989) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] ɗan ƙasar Holland kuma ɗan asalin [[Ghana|ƙasar Ghana]] wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin ɗan gaba a ƙungiyar Hoofdklasse ta DUNO . == Aikin kulob == Frank Wiafe Danquah ya fara aiki a ƙungiyar matasa ta Ajax Amsterdam da ke [[Holand|Netherlands]] . Daga nan aka ba shi gwaji daga [[Newcastle United FC|Newcastle United]] kuma ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar matasa tare da su a watan Yulin 2006. <ref name="Frank Wiafe Danquah Bio">{{Cite web |date= |title=Frank Wiafe Danquah Bio |url=http://www.nufc.co.uk/page/Teams/PlayerProfile/0,,10278~43991,00.html |access-date=5 June 2011 |publisher=nufc.co.uk}}</ref> Ya yi fice a ƙungiyar kuma ya zama ɗan wasan da ya fi zura kwallaye a ƙungiyar, kuma a ranar 8 ga Yulin 2008 ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar ƙwararru ta shekaru 2 da [[Newcastle United FC|Newcastle United]] . <ref name="Newcastle sign youngster Wiafe Danquah">{{Cite web |date=8 July 2008 |title=Newcastle sign youngster Wiafe Danquah |url=http://www.soccernews.com/newcastle-sign-youngster-wiafe-danquah/3889/ |access-date=5 June 2011 |publisher=soccernews.com}}</ref> Lokacin da kwangilar Wiafe Danquah ta ƙare a lokacin bazara na 2010, ba a ba shi sabuwar kwangila ba, sai ya koma Ferencváros a [[Hungariya|Hungary]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Magyarfutball.hu |title=Danquah Frank (Amszterdam 1989.10.04) • Személyek |url=https://www.magyarfutball.hu/hu/szemelyek/adatlap/22095/frank_danquah |access-date=2023-03-18 |website=www.magyarfutball.hu |language=hu}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=FRANK WIAFE DANQUAH - FERENCVÁROSI TC |url=https://adatbank.mlsz.hu/player/427501.html |access-date=2023-03-18 |website=adatbank.mlsz.hu |language=hu}}</ref> Kwantiraginsa da ƙungiyar ya wargaje saboda matsalolin kuɗi a ƙarshen 2010. A ranar 17 ga Fabrairu, 2011 ya koma Waasland-Beveren a [[Beljik|Belgium]] . <ref name="W-B rondt komst Frank Wiafe Danquah af">{{Cite web |date=17 February 2011 |title=W-B rondt komst Frank Wiafe Danquah af |url=http://www.waasland-beveren.be/index.php?option=com_k2&view=item&id=1309:w-b-rondt-komst-frank-wiafe-danquah-af&Itemid=86 |access-date=5 June 2011 |publisher=waasland-beveren.be |language=nl-be}}</ref> A watan Fabrairu na 2013 ya koma Romania, lokacin da ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar watanni 6 da Brașov . <ref>[https://www.vi.nl/nieuws/kortom-persboycot-steaua-grindheim-naar-valerengen.htm?channel=phone Kortom - Persboycot Steaua, Grindheim naar Vålerengen] - Voetbal International {{In lang|nl}}</ref> A watan Satumba na 2014, Wiafe Danquah ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar Achilles '29 har zuwa ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2014-15 . [1] Ya koma FC Lienden a kakar wasa ta 2015/16 Topklasse [2] sannan ya koma ƙungiyar Eerste Divisie Fortuna Sittard a kakar wasa mai zuwa, [3] sai dai ya koma Lienden a watan Janairun 2017. [4] A ranar 5 ga Fabrairu 2021, Wiafe Danquah ya sanya hannu tare da DUNO a cikin Hoofdklasse . == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1989]] fvz4wmr2j8s7ozdb8kpf1anrfalyuui 0 149181 829958 2026-05-05T09:06:39Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1335877782|Mehmet Dingil]]" 829958 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mehmet Tayfun Dingil''' (an haife shi a ranar 28 ga Nuwamba 1989) ƙwararren ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Holland wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan [[Mai buga baya|wasan baya na tsakiya]] a ƙungiyar TFF Second League ta Iğdır . == Aikin kulob == Dingil ya fara aikinsa ne da ɗan wasa Blauw Geel '38 kafin ya koma JVC Cuijk na Topklasse a 2012. A shekarar 2014, ya shiga ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙwararre ta hanyar sanya hannu a Achilles '29 na Eerste Divisie wanda ya fara buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasa tare da shi. [1] Ya koma Menemen Belediyespor a lokacin rani 2016. <ref>[https://www.bd.nl/regiosport/veghelaar-dingil-geniet-van-het-voetballeven-in-turkije~a8f01f8a/ Veghelaar Dingil geniet van het voetballeven in Turkije] - Brabants Dagblad {{In lang|nl}}</ref> A watan Yunin 2022, Dingil ya koma ƙungiyar TFF Third League ta Iğdır, bayan ya buga wa ƙungiyoyi da dama na Turkiyya a kakar wasa ta baya, ciki har da Hatayspor, Afjet Afyonspor, Sancaktepe, da Ankara Keçiörengücü . Ya taimaka wa Iğdır ya kai ga samun ci gaba zuwa gasar TFF ta biyu a kakar wasa ta farko a ƙungiyar. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1989]] ny8xle2c1pcux9g7ihattogeue2ul0j 829959 829958 2026-05-05T09:06:59Z Sardeeq 39275 829959 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mehmet Tayfun Dingil''' (an haife shi a ranar 28 ga Nuwamba 1989) ƙwararren ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Holland wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan [[Mai buga baya|wasan baya na tsakiya]] a ƙungiyar TFF Second League ta Iğdır . == Aikin kulob == Dingil ya fara aikinsa ne da ɗan wasa Blauw Geel '38 kafin ya koma JVC Cuijk na Topklasse a 2012. A shekarar 2014, ya shiga ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙwararre ta hanyar sanya hannu a Achilles '29 na Eerste Divisie wanda ya fara buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasa tare da shi. [1] Ya koma Menemen Belediyespor a lokacin rani 2016. <ref>[https://www.bd.nl/regiosport/veghelaar-dingil-geniet-van-het-voetballeven-in-turkije~a8f01f8a/ Veghelaar Dingil geniet van het voetballeven in Turkije] - Brabants Dagblad {{In lang|nl}}</ref> A watan Yunin 2022, Dingil ya koma ƙungiyar TFF Third League ta Iğdır, bayan ya buga wa ƙungiyoyi da dama na Turkiyya a kakar wasa ta baya, ciki har da Hatayspor, Afjet Afyonspor, Sancaktepe, da Ankara Keçiörengücü . Ya taimaka wa Iğdır ya kai ga samun ci gaba zuwa gasar TFF ta biyu a kakar wasa ta farko a ƙungiyar. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1989]] ov2d41h72eq7yc4wa08c8q65vyklkm1 0 149182 829960 2026-05-05T09:10:14Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1333171618|Nigeria A' national football team]]" 829960 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasa ta [[Najeriya]]''' ita ce ƙungiyar kwallon kafa ta gida ta [[Najeriya]] kuma tana buɗewa ne kawai ga 'yan wasan league na cikin gida. Kungiyar ta wakilci Najeriya a gasar cin Kofin Kasashen WAFU da kuma Gasar Cin Kofin Kasashen Afirka kuma [[Hukumar Kwallon Kafar Najeriya|Ƙungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Najeriya]] ce ke sarrafa ta. An kuma san su da ''CHAN Eagles.'' CHAN Eagles ta zo ta uku a Gasar Cin Kofin Afirka ta 2014, a shekarar 2018 da aka shirya a [[Moroko|Maroko]], Najeriya ta kai wasan karshe amma ta rasa 4-0 ga masu masaukin baki.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 February 2018 |title=Morocco crush Nigeria to win CHAN 2018 title |url=https://www.theafricancourier.de/sports/hosts-morocco-crush-nigeria-win-african-nations-championship-2018/ |access-date=11 August 2020 |website=theafricancourier.com}}</ref> Sun kuma bayyana a gasar cin Kofin Kasashen WAFU sau 4, inda suka karbi bakuncin gasar sau biyu kuma suka lashe gasar 2010. == Rubuce-rubucen Gasar Cin Kofin Kasashen Afirka == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" ! colspan="9" |Gasar Cin Kofin Kasashen Afirka |- ! colspan="9" |Bayyanawa: 3 |- !Shekara !Zagaye !Matsayi !{{Tooltip|Pld|Games played}} !{{Tooltip|W|Won}} !*{{Tooltip|D|Drawn}} !{{Tooltip|L|Lost}} !{{Tooltip|GF|Goals for}} !{{Tooltip|GA|Goals against}} |- |[[2009 African Nations Championship|2009]]{{Flagicon|Ivory Coast}} | colspan="8" rowspan="2" |''Ba ta cancanci ba'' |- |[[2011 African Nations Championship|2011]]{{Flagicon|Sudan}} |- bgcolor="CFAA88" |[[2014 African Nations Championship|2014]]{{Flagicon|South Africa}} |Matsayi na uku |Na uku |6 |4 |1 |1 |14 |7 |- |[[2016 African Nations Championship|2016]]{{Flagicon|Rwanda}} |Mataki na rukuni |Na 9th |3 |1 |1 |1 |5 |3 |- bgcolor="silver" |[[2018 African Nations Championship|2018]]{{Flagicon|Morocco}} |Masu gudu |Na biyu |6 |4 |1 |1 |7 |6 |- |[[2020 African Nations Championship|2020]]{{Flagicon|Cameroon}} | colspan="8" rowspan="2" |''Ba ta cancanci ba'' |- |[[2022 African Nations Championship|2022]]{{Flagicon|Algeria}} |- |[[2024 African Nations Championship|2024]]{{Flagicon|Kenya}}{{Flagicon|Tanzania}}{{Flagicon|Uganda}} | colspan="8" |''Don ƙaddara'' |- !'''Jimillar''' !'''Masu gudu''' !'''3/8''' !'''15''' !'''9''' !'''3''' !'''3''' !'''26''' !'''16''' |} == Tarihin Kofin Kasashen WAFU == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" ! colspan="9" |Kofin Kasashen WAFU |- ! colspan="9" |Bayyanawa: 4 |- !Shekara !Zagaye !Matsayi !{{Tooltip|Pld|Games played}} !{{Tooltip|W|Won}} !*{{Tooltip|D|Drawn}} !{{Tooltip|L|Lost}} !{{Tooltip|GF|Goals for}} !{{Tooltip|GA|Goals against}} |- bgcolor="gold" |[[2010 WAFU Nations Cup|2010]]{{Flagicon|Nigeria}} |'''Zakarun Turai''' |Na farko |5 |5 |0 |0 |14 |1 |- bgcolor="silver" |[[2011 WAFU Nations Cup|2011]]{{Flagicon|Nigeria}} |Matsayi na biyu |Na biyu |4 |3 |0 |1 |9 |4 |- |[[2013 WAFU Nations Cup|2013]]{{Flagicon|Ghana}} | colspan="8" |''Ba ta cancanci ba'' |- bgcolor="silver" |[[2017 WAFU Nations Cup|2017]]{{Flagicon|Ghana}} |Matsayi na biyu |Na biyu |6 |3 |2 |1 |6 |4 |- |[[2019 WAFU Cup of Nations|2019]]{{Flagicon|Senegal}} |Kashi na karshe (PC) |Na biyar |2 |0 |1 |1 |2 |3 |- |[[2021 WAFU Cup of Nations|2021]]{{Flagicon|Nigeria}} | colspan="8" |''Ya cancanta'' |- !'''Jimillar''' !'''Zakarun Turai''' !'''4/5''' !'''17''' !'''11''' !'''3''' !'''3''' !'''31''' !'''12''' |} '''Gasar Cin Kofin Kasashen Afirka''': == Daraja == * '''Matsayi na biyu:''' 2018 * '''Matsayi na uku:''' 2014 '''Kofin Kasashen WAFU''' * '''Zakarun:''' 2010 == Manazarta == ausy7d20iw5ased7nvwxsa1ntlzx3bj 829961 829960 2026-05-05T09:10:45Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 829961 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Databox}} '''Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasa ta [[Najeriya]]''' ita ce ƙungiyar kwallon kafa ta gida ta [[Najeriya]] kuma tana buɗewa ne kawai ga 'yan wasan league na cikin gida. Kungiyar ta wakilci Najeriya a gasar cin Kofin Kasashen WAFU da kuma Gasar Cin Kofin Kasashen Afirka kuma [[Hukumar Kwallon Kafar Najeriya|Ƙungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Najeriya]] ce ke sarrafa ta. An kuma san su da ''CHAN Eagles.'' CHAN Eagles ta zo ta uku a Gasar Cin Kofin Afirka ta 2014, a shekarar 2018 da aka shirya a [[Moroko|Maroko]], Najeriya ta kai wasan karshe amma ta rasa 4-0 ga masu masaukin baki.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 February 2018 |title=Morocco crush Nigeria to win CHAN 2018 title |url=https://www.theafricancourier.de/sports/hosts-morocco-crush-nigeria-win-african-nations-championship-2018/ |access-date=11 August 2020 |website=theafricancourier.com}}</ref> Sun kuma bayyana a gasar cin Kofin Kasashen WAFU sau 4, inda suka karbi bakuncin gasar sau biyu kuma suka lashe gasar 2010. == Rubuce-rubucen Gasar Cin Kofin Kasashen Afirka == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" ! colspan="9" |Gasar Cin Kofin Kasashen Afirka |- ! colspan="9" |Bayyanawa: 3 |- !Shekara !Zagaye !Matsayi !{{Tooltip|Pld|Games played}} !{{Tooltip|W|Won}} !*{{Tooltip|D|Drawn}} !{{Tooltip|L|Lost}} !{{Tooltip|GF|Goals for}} !{{Tooltip|GA|Goals against}} |- |[[2009 African Nations Championship|2009]]{{Flagicon|Ivory Coast}} | colspan="8" rowspan="2" |''Ba ta cancanci ba'' |- |[[2011 African Nations Championship|2011]]{{Flagicon|Sudan}} |- bgcolor="CFAA88" |[[2014 African Nations Championship|2014]]{{Flagicon|South Africa}} |Matsayi na uku |Na uku |6 |4 |1 |1 |14 |7 |- |[[2016 African Nations Championship|2016]]{{Flagicon|Rwanda}} |Mataki na rukuni |Na 9th |3 |1 |1 |1 |5 |3 |- bgcolor="silver" |[[2018 African Nations Championship|2018]]{{Flagicon|Morocco}} |Masu gudu |Na biyu |6 |4 |1 |1 |7 |6 |- |[[2020 African Nations Championship|2020]]{{Flagicon|Cameroon}} | colspan="8" rowspan="2" |''Ba ta cancanci ba'' |- |[[2022 African Nations Championship|2022]]{{Flagicon|Algeria}} |- |[[2024 African Nations Championship|2024]]{{Flagicon|Kenya}}{{Flagicon|Tanzania}}{{Flagicon|Uganda}} | colspan="8" |''Don ƙaddara'' |- !'''Jimillar''' !'''Masu gudu''' !'''3/8''' !'''15''' !'''9''' !'''3''' !'''3''' !'''26''' !'''16''' |} == Tarihin Kofin Kasashen WAFU == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" ! colspan="9" |Kofin Kasashen WAFU |- ! colspan="9" |Bayyanawa: 4 |- !Shekara !Zagaye !Matsayi !{{Tooltip|Pld|Games played}} !{{Tooltip|W|Won}} !*{{Tooltip|D|Drawn}} !{{Tooltip|L|Lost}} !{{Tooltip|GF|Goals for}} !{{Tooltip|GA|Goals against}} |- bgcolor="gold" |[[2010 WAFU Nations Cup|2010]]{{Flagicon|Nigeria}} |'''Zakarun Turai''' |Na farko |5 |5 |0 |0 |14 |1 |- bgcolor="silver" |[[2011 WAFU Nations Cup|2011]]{{Flagicon|Nigeria}} |Matsayi na biyu |Na biyu |4 |3 |0 |1 |9 |4 |- |[[2013 WAFU Nations Cup|2013]]{{Flagicon|Ghana}} | colspan="8" |''Ba ta cancanci ba'' |- bgcolor="silver" |[[2017 WAFU Nations Cup|2017]]{{Flagicon|Ghana}} |Matsayi na biyu |Na biyu |6 |3 |2 |1 |6 |4 |- |[[2019 WAFU Cup of Nations|2019]]{{Flagicon|Senegal}} |Kashi na karshe (PC) |Na biyar |2 |0 |1 |1 |2 |3 |- |[[2021 WAFU Cup of Nations|2021]]{{Flagicon|Nigeria}} | colspan="8" |''Ya cancanta'' |- !'''Jimillar''' !'''Zakarun Turai''' !'''4/5''' !'''17''' !'''11''' !'''3''' !'''3''' !'''31''' !'''12''' |} '''Gasar Cin Kofin Kasashen Afirka''': == Daraja == * '''Matsayi na biyu:''' 2018 * '''Matsayi na uku:''' 2014 '''Kofin Kasashen WAFU''' * '''Zakarun:''' 2010 == Manazarta == i37eqatdhjyiwrtnyrpra0vo89eic9d 0 149183 829962 2026-05-05T09:10:52Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1351229077|Sebastiaan Bökkerink]]" 829962 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sebastiaan "Bas" Bökkerink''' (an haife shi a ranar 23 ga Oktoba 1994) ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Holland da ya yi ritaya. == Aikin kulob == Ya yi wasansa na farko na ƙwararru a cikin Eerste Divisie don Achilles '29 akan 30 Satumba 2016 a wasan da VVV-Venlo . [1] Bökkerink ya bar Quick '20 a cikin 2018. [2] Bayan ya yi ritaya, ya fara gudanar da gidan cin abinci mai sauri na zamani mai nau'in atomatik a Enschede tare da ɗan'uwansa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Dijkgraaf |first=Joost |date=27 April 2024 |title=Zo blijft De Muur al 34 jaar de koning van de nachtsnack in Enschede |url=https://www.ad.nl/enschede/zo-blijft-de-muur-al-34-jaar-de-koning-van-de-nachtsnack-in-enschede~a46513d1/ |access-date=26 April 2026 |language=nl}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1994]] cha0f7f0ttrye7q7jew19xgdc6hqt9f 829964 829962 2026-05-05T09:11:08Z Sardeeq 39275 829964 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sebastiaan "Bas" Bökkerink''' (an haife shi a ranar 23 ga Oktoba 1994) ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Holland da ya yi ritaya. == Aikin kulob == Ya yi wasansa na farko na ƙwararru a cikin Eerste Divisie don Achilles '29 akan 30 Satumba 2016 a wasan da VVV-Venlo . [1] Bökkerink ya bar Quick '20 a cikin 2018. [2] Bayan ya yi ritaya, ya fara gudanar da gidan cin abinci mai sauri na zamani mai nau'in atomatik a Enschede tare da ɗan'uwansa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Dijkgraaf |first=Joost |date=27 April 2024 |title=Zo blijft De Muur al 34 jaar de koning van de nachtsnack in Enschede |url=https://www.ad.nl/enschede/zo-blijft-de-muur-al-34-jaar-de-koning-van-de-nachtsnack-in-enschede~a46513d1/ |access-date=26 April 2026 |language=nl}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1994]] ivyxo21is2ve8b2zb5r4cfrp7j31zij 0 149184 829963 2026-05-05T09:11:07Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1335316734|List of leading goalscorers for the Nigeria national football team]]" 829963 wikitext text/x-wiki Wannan '''Jerin manyan masu zira kwallaye na tawagar [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] ta [[Najeriya]]''' ya ƙunshi 'yan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] da suka buga wa tawagar kwallon kwando ta Najeriya kuma an jera su bisa ga yawan kwallaye da suka zira. [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Najeriya]] tana wakiltar kasar Najeriya a kwallon kafa ta kasa da kasa. [[Hukumar Kwallon Kafar Najeriya|Ƙungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Najeriya]] ce ke buga shi kuma yana fafatawa a matsayin memba na Ƙungiyar Kwando ta Afirka. == 'Yan wasa == * Goals da bayyanar sun hada da wasannin [[Kofin kwallon kafa na FIFA na duniya|Kofin Duniya na FIFA]] da na [[Gasar cin kofin Afrika|Kofin Kasashen Afirka]], da kuma wasannin sada zumunci da yawa na kasa da kasa. 'Yan wasan da aka yi alama a '''''bold''''' har yanzu suna aiki kuma sun cancanci (ma'ana ba su yi ritaya ba) don buga wa tawagar kasa. Kididdigar daidai ne a lokacin da aka samu damar cin kofin kasashen Afirka da Sao Tome da Principe a ranar 13 ga Yuni 2022 '''Maɓallin matsayi:''' GK - Mai tsaron gida; DF - Mai tsakiya; MF - Mai tseren tsakiya; FW - Mai gaba<small>'''GK''' - Mai tsaron gida; '''DF''' - Mai tsaro; '''MF''' - [[Mai buga tsakiya|Mai tsakiya]]; '''FW''' - Ci gaba</small> [[Fayil:Obafemi_Martins.png|right|thumb|233x233px|Obafemi Martins (18 goals) ya buga wasan karshe na tawagar kasa a cikin nasara 2-0 a gasar cin kofin duniya da Swaziland a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 2015.]] {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;" !# !Sunan !Matsayi !Ayyukan tawagar kasa<br /> !Manufofin !Caps !Matsakaicin |- |1 | align="left" |''[[Rashidi Yekini]]'' |FW |1984–1998 |'''37''' |62 |0.60 |- |2 | align="left" |'''[[Victor Osimhen]]''' |FW |2017- |'''35''' |46 |0.76 |- |3 | align="left" |''[[Segun Odegbami]]'' |FW |1976–1982 |'''23''' |46 |0.50 |- |4 | align="left" |''[[Yakubu Aiyegbeni|Yakubu]]'' |FW |2000– 2012 |'''21''' |57 |0.36 |- |5 | align="left" |''Ikechukwu Uche'' |FW |2007–2015 |'''19''' |46 |0.41 |- |6 | align="left" |''Obafemi Martins'' |FW |2004–2015 |'''18''' |48 |0.37 |- |7 | align="left" |''Lahadi Oyarekhua'' |FW |1971–1976 |'''17''' |28 |0.60 |- |8 | align="left" |''Samson Siasia'' |FW |1984–1999 |'''16''' |51 |0.31 |- | rowspan="2" |9 | align="left" |''[[Odion Ighalo]]'' |FW |2015–2022 |'''16''' |37 |0.31 |- | align="left" |''[[Ahmed Musa]]'' |FW |2010– |'''16''' |107 |0.15 |- |11 | align="left" |''[[Julius Aghahowa]]'' |FW |2000–2007 |'''14''' |32 |0.43 |- |12 | align="left" |''[[Jay-Jay Okocha|Jay Jay Okocha]]'' |MF |1993–2006 |'''14''' |75 |0.18 |- |13 | align="left" |''[[Daniel Amokachi]]'' |FW |1990–1999 |'''13''' |44 |0.29 |- |14 | align="left" |'''[[Kelechi Iheanacho]]''' |FW |2015- |'''13''' |43 |0.28 |- |15 | align="left" |''Victor Obinna'' |FW |2005–2014 |'''12''' |48 |0.25 |- |16 | align="left" |''Mudashiru Lawal'' |MF |1975–1985 |'''12''' |86 |0.14 |- |17 | align="left" |''[[Nwankwo Kanu]]'' |FW / MF |1994–2011 |'''12''' |87 |0.13 |- |18 | align="left" |'''[[Ademola Lookman]]''' |FW / MF |2019- |'''11''' |37 |0.29 |- |19 | align="left" |''[[Victor Moses|Victor Musa]]'' |FW |2012- |'''12''' |28 |0.36 |- |20 | align="left" |'''[[Alex Iwobi]]''' |MF |2015- |'''10''' |59 |0.17 |- |21 | align="left" |''[[Peter Odemwingie|Bitrus Odemwingie]]'' |FW |2002–2014 |'''10''' |63 |0.15 |- |22 | align="left" |''[[Emmanuel Amunike]]'' |FW |1993–2001 |'''9''' |27 |0.33 |- |23 | align="left" |''[[Emmanuel Emenike]]'' |FW |2011–2015 |'''9''' |37 |0.24 |- |24 | align="left" |''[[Stephen Keshi]]'' |DF |1981–1995 |'''9''' |64 |0.14 |- |25 | align="left" |''[[Benedict Akwuegbu]]'' |FW |2000–2005 |'''8''' |30 |0.27 |- |26 | align="left" |''[[Victor Ikpeba]]'' |FW |1992–2002 |'''7''' |31 |0.22 |- |27 | align="left" |''[[Joseph Yobo|Yusufu Yobo]]'' |DF |2001–2014 |'''7''' |101 |0.07 |- |28 | align="left" |''Humphrey Edobor'' |FW |1984–1989 |'''7''' | | |- |29 | align="left" |''John Utaka'' |FW |2002–2014 |'''6''' |43 |0.14 |- |30 | align="left" |''Mutiu Adepoju'' |MF |1990–2002 |'''6''' |48 |0.13 |- |31 | align="left" |''Finidi George'' |FW |1991–2002 |'''6''' |62 |0.09 |} == Manazarta == n1ixwx9mgn0hjxqy4fpa7l8th6yaxf1 829965 829963 2026-05-05T09:11:34Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 829965 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Wannan '''Jerin manyan masu zira kwallaye na tawagar [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] ta [[Najeriya]]''' ya ƙunshi 'yan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] da suka buga wa tawagar kwallon kwando ta Najeriya kuma an jera su bisa ga yawan kwallaye da suka zira. [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Najeriya]] tana wakiltar kasar Najeriya a kwallon kafa ta kasa da kasa. [[Hukumar Kwallon Kafar Najeriya|Ƙungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Najeriya]] ce ke buga shi kuma yana fafatawa a matsayin memba na Ƙungiyar Kwando ta Afirka. == 'Yan wasa == * Goals da bayyanar sun hada da wasannin [[Kofin kwallon kafa na FIFA na duniya|Kofin Duniya na FIFA]] da na [[Gasar cin kofin Afrika|Kofin Kasashen Afirka]], da kuma wasannin sada zumunci da yawa na kasa da kasa. 'Yan wasan da aka yi alama a '''''bold''''' har yanzu suna aiki kuma sun cancanci (ma'ana ba su yi ritaya ba) don buga wa tawagar kasa. Kididdigar daidai ne a lokacin da aka samu damar cin kofin kasashen Afirka da Sao Tome da Principe a ranar 13 ga Yuni 2022 '''Maɓallin matsayi:''' GK - Mai tsaron gida; DF - Mai tsakiya; MF - Mai tseren tsakiya; FW - Mai gaba<small>'''GK''' - Mai tsaron gida; '''DF''' - Mai tsaro; '''MF''' - [[Mai buga tsakiya|Mai tsakiya]]; '''FW''' - Ci gaba</small> [[Fayil:Obafemi_Martins.png|right|thumb|233x233px|Obafemi Martins (18 goals) ya buga wasan karshe na tawagar kasa a cikin nasara 2-0 a gasar cin kofin duniya da Swaziland a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 2015.]] {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;" !# !Sunan !Matsayi !Ayyukan tawagar kasa<br /> !Manufofin !Caps !Matsakaicin |- |1 | align="left" |''[[Rashidi Yekini]]'' |FW |1984–1998 |'''37''' |62 |0.60 |- |2 | align="left" |'''[[Victor Osimhen]]''' |FW |2017- |'''35''' |46 |0.76 |- |3 | align="left" |''[[Segun Odegbami]]'' |FW |1976–1982 |'''23''' |46 |0.50 |- |4 | align="left" |''[[Yakubu Aiyegbeni|Yakubu]]'' |FW |2000– 2012 |'''21''' |57 |0.36 |- |5 | align="left" |''Ikechukwu Uche'' |FW |2007–2015 |'''19''' |46 |0.41 |- |6 | align="left" |''Obafemi Martins'' |FW |2004–2015 |'''18''' |48 |0.37 |- |7 | align="left" |''Lahadi Oyarekhua'' |FW |1971–1976 |'''17''' |28 |0.60 |- |8 | align="left" |''Samson Siasia'' |FW |1984–1999 |'''16''' |51 |0.31 |- | rowspan="2" |9 | align="left" |''[[Odion Ighalo]]'' |FW |2015–2022 |'''16''' |37 |0.31 |- | align="left" |''[[Ahmed Musa]]'' |FW |2010– |'''16''' |107 |0.15 |- |11 | align="left" |''[[Julius Aghahowa]]'' |FW |2000–2007 |'''14''' |32 |0.43 |- |12 | align="left" |''[[Jay-Jay Okocha|Jay Jay Okocha]]'' |MF |1993–2006 |'''14''' |75 |0.18 |- |13 | align="left" |''[[Daniel Amokachi]]'' |FW |1990–1999 |'''13''' |44 |0.29 |- |14 | align="left" |'''[[Kelechi Iheanacho]]''' |FW |2015- |'''13''' |43 |0.28 |- |15 | align="left" |''Victor Obinna'' |FW |2005–2014 |'''12''' |48 |0.25 |- |16 | align="left" |''Mudashiru Lawal'' |MF |1975–1985 |'''12''' |86 |0.14 |- |17 | align="left" |''[[Nwankwo Kanu]]'' |FW / MF |1994–2011 |'''12''' |87 |0.13 |- |18 | align="left" |'''[[Ademola Lookman]]''' |FW / MF |2019- |'''11''' |37 |0.29 |- |19 | align="left" |''[[Victor Moses|Victor Musa]]'' |FW |2012- |'''12''' |28 |0.36 |- |20 | align="left" |'''[[Alex Iwobi]]''' |MF |2015- |'''10''' |59 |0.17 |- |21 | align="left" |''[[Peter Odemwingie|Bitrus Odemwingie]]'' |FW |2002–2014 |'''10''' |63 |0.15 |- |22 | align="left" |''[[Emmanuel Amunike]]'' |FW |1993–2001 |'''9''' |27 |0.33 |- |23 | align="left" |''[[Emmanuel Emenike]]'' |FW |2011–2015 |'''9''' |37 |0.24 |- |24 | align="left" |''[[Stephen Keshi]]'' |DF |1981–1995 |'''9''' |64 |0.14 |- |25 | align="left" |''[[Benedict Akwuegbu]]'' |FW |2000–2005 |'''8''' |30 |0.27 |- |26 | align="left" |''[[Victor Ikpeba]]'' |FW |1992–2002 |'''7''' |31 |0.22 |- |27 | align="left" |''[[Joseph Yobo|Yusufu Yobo]]'' |DF |2001–2014 |'''7''' |101 |0.07 |- |28 | align="left" |''Humphrey Edobor'' |FW |1984–1989 |'''7''' | | |- |29 | align="left" |''John Utaka'' |FW |2002–2014 |'''6''' |43 |0.14 |- |30 | align="left" |''Mutiu Adepoju'' |MF |1990–2002 |'''6''' |48 |0.13 |- |31 | align="left" |''Finidi George'' |FW |1991–2002 |'''6''' |62 |0.09 |} == Manazarta == ro8lvlzt5hitiimfu4o2kqfrkl63d8v 0 149185 829966 2026-05-05T09:11:47Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1318869114|Brian Campman]]" 829966 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Brian Campman''' (an haife shi a ranar 12 ga Disamba 1999) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] ɗan ƙasar Holland wanda ke taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] a ƙungiyar Regionalliga Südwest SG Barockstadt . == Aikin kulob == Ya fara buga wasa a Eerste Division don Achilles '29 a ranar 18 ga Nuwamba 2016 a wasan da suka yi da FC Oss . <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 November 2016 |title=Game Report by Soccerway |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2016/11/18/netherlands/eerste-divisie/achilles-1929/bvo-top-oss/2240684/ |publisher=Soccerway}}</ref> A lokacin bazara na 2017, Campman ya shiga NEC . Ya fara wasa a ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 19. A watan Mayun 2023, an sanar da cewa Campman ya koma kungiyar Regionalliga West 1. FC Bocholt kafin sabuwar kakar wasa . [1] [2] A ranar 12 ga Yulin 2024, an sanar da shi a matsayin sabon dan wasan da SG Barockstadt zai dauka kafin kakar wasa ta Regionalliga Südwest ta 2024–25 . [3] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1999]] qf6qbxjq0w18fhpqjovw47nlstvfq39 829967 829966 2026-05-05T09:12:02Z Sardeeq 39275 829967 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Brian Campman''' (an haife shi a ranar 12 ga Disamba 1999) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] ɗan ƙasar Holland wanda ke taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] a ƙungiyar Regionalliga Südwest SG Barockstadt . == Aikin kulob == Ya fara buga wasa a Eerste Division don Achilles '29 a ranar 18 ga Nuwamba 2016 a wasan da suka yi da FC Oss . <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 November 2016 |title=Game Report by Soccerway |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2016/11/18/netherlands/eerste-divisie/achilles-1929/bvo-top-oss/2240684/ |publisher=Soccerway}}</ref> A lokacin bazara na 2017, Campman ya shiga NEC . Ya fara wasa a ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 19. A watan Mayun 2023, an sanar da cewa Campman ya koma kungiyar Regionalliga West 1. FC Bocholt kafin sabuwar kakar wasa . [1] [2] A ranar 12 ga Yulin 2024, an sanar da shi a matsayin sabon dan wasan da SG Barockstadt zai dauka kafin kakar wasa ta Regionalliga Südwest ta 2024–25 . [3] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1999]] q5uwlhxa51qkmatr4wvzm8fq1kkrqei 0 149186 829969 2026-05-05T09:12:37Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1313591629|Wim Bokila]]" 829969 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Wim Bokila''' (an haife shi a ranar 28 ga Satumba 1987) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon]] ƙafa ne na ƙasar Belgium wanda ya taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba . <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 February 2023 |title=26/02/2023 – KSC Grimbergen – Mazenzele Opwijk |url=https://kscjeugd.weebly.com/wedstrijdverslagen.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240302073819/https://kscjeugd.weebly.com/wedstrijdverslagen.html |archive-date=2 March 2024 |access-date=7 November 2024 |website=KSC Grimbergen |language=nl-NL}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri == An haifi Bokila a cikin dangin 'yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa. Mahaifinsa Ndingi Bokila Mandjombolo an san shi a shekarun tamanin da "lu'u-lu'u na Harelbeke ", kasancewarsa ɗan wasa mai mahimmanci kuma babban ɗan wasa mai zura kwallaye sau uku a jere a ƙungiyar KRC Harelbeke ta ƙasar Belgium, tsakanin 1980 da 1982. [1] 'Yar'uwarsa Esther da 'yan uwansa Noé da Jeremy suma 'yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne, yayin da babban ɗan'uwan Wim Paldy ya buga wa TOP Oss wasa kafin ya bar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙwararru ya yi ƙaura zuwa Italiya. <ref name="gelderlander">{{Cite web |date=9 February 2008 |title=Voetbalfamilie Bokila thuis bij AGOVV |url=http://www.gelderlander.nl/sport/voetbal/amateurvoetbal/voetbalfamilie-bokila-thuis-bij-agovv-1.2684833 |publisher=gelderlander.nl |language=Dutch}}</ref> 'Yar'uwarsa Aurelia ba 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ba ce. Haka kuma mahaifiyarsa Marie Veronique ba ta yi ba. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1987]] nst701f6dut99if5u9ttsj7egfoe3aq 829971 829969 2026-05-05T09:12:52Z Sardeeq 39275 829971 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Wim Bokila''' (an haife shi a ranar 28 ga Satumba 1987) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon]] ƙafa ne na ƙasar Belgium wanda ya taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba . <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 February 2023 |title=26/02/2023 – KSC Grimbergen – Mazenzele Opwijk |url=https://kscjeugd.weebly.com/wedstrijdverslagen.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240302073819/https://kscjeugd.weebly.com/wedstrijdverslagen.html |archive-date=2 March 2024 |access-date=7 November 2024 |website=KSC Grimbergen |language=nl-NL}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri == An haifi Bokila a cikin dangin 'yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa. Mahaifinsa Ndingi Bokila Mandjombolo an san shi a shekarun tamanin da "lu'u-lu'u na Harelbeke ", kasancewarsa ɗan wasa mai mahimmanci kuma babban ɗan wasa mai zura kwallaye sau uku a jere a ƙungiyar KRC Harelbeke ta ƙasar Belgium, tsakanin 1980 da 1982. [1] 'Yar'uwarsa Esther da 'yan uwansa Noé da Jeremy suma 'yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne, yayin da babban ɗan'uwan Wim Paldy ya buga wa TOP Oss wasa kafin ya bar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙwararru ya yi ƙaura zuwa Italiya. <ref name="gelderlander">{{Cite web |date=9 February 2008 |title=Voetbalfamilie Bokila thuis bij AGOVV |url=http://www.gelderlander.nl/sport/voetbal/amateurvoetbal/voetbalfamilie-bokila-thuis-bij-agovv-1.2684833 |publisher=gelderlander.nl |language=Dutch}}</ref> 'Yar'uwarsa Aurelia ba 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ba ce. Haka kuma mahaifiyarsa Marie Veronique ba ta yi ba. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1987]] 80bo03wvisq22qmpixw05fx9ih32ptt 0 149187 829970 2026-05-05T09:12:49Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345701023|Jollof derby]]" 829970 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jollof derby''' shine sunan da aka ba wa duk wani gamuwa tsakanin kungiyoyin [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] na [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|Najeriya]] da [[Hukumar kwallon kafa ta kasa a Ghana|Ghana]]. Wasan ya ɗauki sunansa daga tsayayyar kasashe game da wanda ke yin shinkafa mafi kyau.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-03-25 |title=The Jollof Rice Derby: Nigeria Vs Ghana World Cup Qualifier |url=https://www.thenews-chronicle.com/the-jollof-rice-derby-nigeria-vs-ghana-football-world-cup-qualifier/ |access-date=2022-05-13 |website=The News Chronicle |language=en-US}}</ref> Rikici tsakanin Ghana da Najeriya ya wuce filin wasanni kuma yana da tarihin da ya dace. Rarrabawar ta wuce kwallon kafa kawai kuma ta ƙunshi fannoni na al'adu, tattalin arziki, da matsayi na zamantakewa a [[Afirka ta Yamma|Yammacin Afirka]]. An yi muhawara game da asalin da tasirin kiɗa, mafi kyawun farin ciki na abinci (kamar shinkafa Jollof), kuma a wasu lokuta, tsarin tattalin arziki mafi ƙarfi. Saboda tarihin mulkin mallaka da suka raba, akwai wuraren da ke da alaƙa da al'adu tsakanin waɗannan ƙasashe biyu. Ana iya lura da wannan haɗuwa a cikin abincin su, al'adu, sinima, kiɗa, da kuma amfani da Pidgin English. Sakamakon haka, hadin gwiwa tsakanin mutane daga waɗannan ƙasashe biyu sun zama ruwan dare.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Okeleji |first=Oluwashina |title=Qatar 2022 playoff: Nigeria-Ghana love-hate affair beyond football |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2022/3/28/qatar-2022-playoff-nigeria-ghana-love-hate-affair-is-beyond-foot |access-date=2023-09-17 |website=www.aljazeera.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=GodsonFH |date=2022-03-25 |title=Nigeria VS Ghana: Forget football, here are other areas of rivalry between Nigeria and Ghana |url=https://www.withinnigeria.com/2022/03/25/nigeria-vs-ghana-forget-football-here-are-other-areas-of-rivalry-between-nigeria-and-ghana/ |access-date=2023-09-19 |website=WITHIN NIGERIA |language=en-US}}</ref> Gabatar da Dokar Biyarwa ta Ghana a shekarar 1969 ya haifar da karuwar tashin hankali tsakanin kasashe biyu. Daga nan ne Najeriya ta aiwatar da irin wannan doka a 1983, wanda ya haifar da korar mazaunan Ghana. Rikitarwa na geopolitics da zamantakewar al'adu sun ba da gudummawa ga karuwar wasannin kwallon kafa tsakanin waɗannan ƙasashe biyu.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Okeleji |first=Oluwashina |title=Qatar 2022 playoff: Nigeria-Ghana love-hate affair beyond football |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2022/3/28/qatar-2022-playoff-nigeria-ghana-love-hate-affair-is-beyond-foot |access-date=2023-09-17 |website=www.aljazeera.com |language=en}}</ref> Duk da faruwar wadannan rikice-rikicen siyasa tsakanin wadannan kasashe, babu wani ƙiyayya ta gaske tsakanin su ko magoya bayansu. Maimakon haka, suna shiga cikin ba'a na abokantaka maimakon nuna ƙiyayya. [[CNN]] ta sanya shi na 7 a cikin Top 10 na duniya kuma ta bayyana shi a matsayin babbar gasa a [[Afirka|Nahiyar Afirka]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Top 10 international rivalries - CNN.com |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2008/SPORT/football/11/06/first11.rivalries/index.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220051229/http://edition.cnn.com/2008/SPORT/football/11/06/first11.rivalries/index.html |archive-date=20 February 2020 |access-date=2023-09-17 |website=CNN}}</ref> == Tarihi == Gasar farko ta hukuma tsakanin su biyu ita ce ta cancantar gasar cin kofin duniya a shekarar 1960, a cewar [[FIFA]]. Dukkanin kungiyoyin kasa, duk da haka, sun riga sun yi gasa a wasannin sada zumunci da yawa na cikin gida da gasa da kasashe na kasashen waje tun 1950. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-03-25 |title=#GHANIG: History, seasons, lessons {{!}} Premium Times Nigeria |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/sports/football/519566-nigeria-vs-ghana-history-seasons-lessons.html |access-date=2022-05-13 |language=en-GB}}</ref> Dukkanin kungiyoyin kasashen Yammacin Afirka an kirkiresu ne lokacin da suke da kariya ta [[Daular Biritaniya|Birtaniya]]. An san ƙasar Ghana ta zamani da Gold Coast, kuma 'yan wasan tawagar Najeriya sun sa saman ja a kan gajeren wando kuma an san su da "Red Devils" kafin su karɓi launuka na ƙasa na kore da fari.<ref>{{Cite web |title=SuperSport |url=https://supersport.com/football/super-eagles/news/121122/%7B%7B%20url()-%3Ecurrent()%20%7D%7D |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220514002836/https://supersport.com/football/super-eagles/news/121122/%7B%7B%20url()-%3Ecurrent()%20%7D%7D |archive-date=14 May 2022 |access-date=2022-05-13 |website=supersport.com |language=ZA}}</ref> Ƙungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Gold Coast, wadda aka kafa a 1920, ta fi shekaru ashirin da suka fi na Najeriya tsufa, kuma ƙungiyar ta ta fi sananne a tsakanin yankunan Burtaniya. Kungiyar ta Gold Coast ta riga ta zagaya Ingila, tana buga wasannin sada zumunci da kungiyoyi daban-daban, kafin abin da aka fi la'akari da shi a matsayin wasan farko na kasa da kasa "A" a shekarar 1951. Najeriya, ba za a iya wucewa ba, ta bi hakan, duk da cewa ba ta da nasara sosai. Duk da tarihin su daban-daban, Najeriya ta sami damar kayar da abokan adawar su 5-0 a gida. === Lokacin gasar cin kofin yanki === Har zuwa shekara ta 1960 Masar ita ce kadai kasar Afirka da ta taba shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA. Tun lokacin da mulkin mallaka bai riga ya fara da gaske ba, kasashe kalilan a nahiyar Afirka sun sami damar tara kungiyoyin kasa da aka amince da su a duniya kuma ta haka ne suka cancanci gasar FIFA. An kafa kofuna da gasa daban-daban a maimakon haka. A cikin shekarun 1950 da 1960, Najeriya da Ghana za su fafata a gasar cin kofin uku. == Manazarta == kvy97s89gmuga2h7xgr5eusg7wtdvx1 829972 829970 2026-05-05T09:13:25Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 829972 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Jollof derby''' shine sunan da aka ba wa duk wani gamuwa tsakanin kungiyoyin [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] na [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|Najeriya]] da [[Hukumar kwallon kafa ta kasa a Ghana|Ghana]]. Wasan ya ɗauki sunansa daga tsayayyar kasashe game da wanda ke yin shinkafa mafi kyau.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-03-25 |title=The Jollof Rice Derby: Nigeria Vs Ghana World Cup Qualifier |url=https://www.thenews-chronicle.com/the-jollof-rice-derby-nigeria-vs-ghana-football-world-cup-qualifier/ |access-date=2022-05-13 |website=The News Chronicle |language=en-US}}</ref> Rikici tsakanin Ghana da Najeriya ya wuce filin wasanni kuma yana da tarihin da ya dace. Rarrabawar ta wuce kwallon kafa kawai kuma ta ƙunshi fannoni na al'adu, tattalin arziki, da matsayi na zamantakewa a [[Afirka ta Yamma|Yammacin Afirka]]. An yi muhawara game da asalin da tasirin kiɗa, mafi kyawun farin ciki na abinci (kamar shinkafa Jollof), kuma a wasu lokuta, tsarin tattalin arziki mafi ƙarfi. Saboda tarihin mulkin mallaka da suka raba, akwai wuraren da ke da alaƙa da al'adu tsakanin waɗannan ƙasashe biyu. Ana iya lura da wannan haɗuwa a cikin abincin su, al'adu, sinima, kiɗa, da kuma amfani da Pidgin English. Sakamakon haka, hadin gwiwa tsakanin mutane daga waɗannan ƙasashe biyu sun zama ruwan dare.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Okeleji |first=Oluwashina |title=Qatar 2022 playoff: Nigeria-Ghana love-hate affair beyond football |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2022/3/28/qatar-2022-playoff-nigeria-ghana-love-hate-affair-is-beyond-foot |access-date=2023-09-17 |website=www.aljazeera.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=GodsonFH |date=2022-03-25 |title=Nigeria VS Ghana: Forget football, here are other areas of rivalry between Nigeria and Ghana |url=https://www.withinnigeria.com/2022/03/25/nigeria-vs-ghana-forget-football-here-are-other-areas-of-rivalry-between-nigeria-and-ghana/ |access-date=2023-09-19 |website=WITHIN NIGERIA |language=en-US}}</ref> Gabatar da Dokar Biyarwa ta Ghana a shekarar 1969 ya haifar da karuwar tashin hankali tsakanin kasashe biyu. Daga nan ne Najeriya ta aiwatar da irin wannan doka a 1983, wanda ya haifar da korar mazaunan Ghana. Rikitarwa na geopolitics da zamantakewar al'adu sun ba da gudummawa ga karuwar wasannin kwallon kafa tsakanin waɗannan ƙasashe biyu.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Okeleji |first=Oluwashina |title=Qatar 2022 playoff: Nigeria-Ghana love-hate affair beyond football |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2022/3/28/qatar-2022-playoff-nigeria-ghana-love-hate-affair-is-beyond-foot |access-date=2023-09-17 |website=www.aljazeera.com |language=en}}</ref> Duk da faruwar wadannan rikice-rikicen siyasa tsakanin wadannan kasashe, babu wani ƙiyayya ta gaske tsakanin su ko magoya bayansu. Maimakon haka, suna shiga cikin ba'a na abokantaka maimakon nuna ƙiyayya. [[CNN]] ta sanya shi na 7 a cikin Top 10 na duniya kuma ta bayyana shi a matsayin babbar gasa a [[Afirka|Nahiyar Afirka]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Top 10 international rivalries - CNN.com |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2008/SPORT/football/11/06/first11.rivalries/index.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220051229/http://edition.cnn.com/2008/SPORT/football/11/06/first11.rivalries/index.html |archive-date=20 February 2020 |access-date=2023-09-17 |website=CNN}}</ref> == Tarihi == Gasar farko ta hukuma tsakanin su biyu ita ce ta cancantar gasar cin kofin duniya a shekarar 1960, a cewar [[FIFA]]. Dukkanin kungiyoyin kasa, duk da haka, sun riga sun yi gasa a wasannin sada zumunci da yawa na cikin gida da gasa da kasashe na kasashen waje tun 1950. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-03-25 |title=#GHANIG: History, seasons, lessons {{!}} Premium Times Nigeria |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/sports/football/519566-nigeria-vs-ghana-history-seasons-lessons.html |access-date=2022-05-13 |language=en-GB}}</ref> Dukkanin kungiyoyin kasashen Yammacin Afirka an kirkiresu ne lokacin da suke da kariya ta [[Daular Biritaniya|Birtaniya]]. An san ƙasar Ghana ta zamani da Gold Coast, kuma 'yan wasan tawagar Najeriya sun sa saman ja a kan gajeren wando kuma an san su da "Red Devils" kafin su karɓi launuka na ƙasa na kore da fari.<ref>{{Cite web |title=SuperSport |url=https://supersport.com/football/super-eagles/news/121122/%7B%7B%20url()-%3Ecurrent()%20%7D%7D |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220514002836/https://supersport.com/football/super-eagles/news/121122/%7B%7B%20url()-%3Ecurrent()%20%7D%7D |archive-date=14 May 2022 |access-date=2022-05-13 |website=supersport.com |language=ZA}}</ref> Ƙungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Gold Coast, wadda aka kafa a 1920, ta fi shekaru ashirin da suka fi na Najeriya tsufa, kuma ƙungiyar ta ta fi sananne a tsakanin yankunan Burtaniya. Kungiyar ta Gold Coast ta riga ta zagaya Ingila, tana buga wasannin sada zumunci da kungiyoyi daban-daban, kafin abin da aka fi la'akari da shi a matsayin wasan farko na kasa da kasa "A" a shekarar 1951. Najeriya, ba za a iya wucewa ba, ta bi hakan, duk da cewa ba ta da nasara sosai. Duk da tarihin su daban-daban, Najeriya ta sami damar kayar da abokan adawar su 5-0 a gida. === Lokacin gasar cin kofin yanki === Har zuwa shekara ta 1960 Masar ita ce kadai kasar Afirka da ta taba shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA. Tun lokacin da mulkin mallaka bai riga ya fara da gaske ba, kasashe kalilan a nahiyar Afirka sun sami damar tara kungiyoyin kasa da aka amince da su a duniya kuma ta haka ne suka cancanci gasar FIFA. An kafa kofuna da gasa daban-daban a maimakon haka. A cikin shekarun 1950 da 1960, Najeriya da Ghana za su fafata a gasar cin kofin uku. == Manazarta == d7ex513z5mmflvzxqoeqlqjvlzcyxmb 0 149188 829973 2026-05-05T09:13:28Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1328459737|Amine Ennali]]" 829973 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mohammed Amine Ennali''' (an haife shi a ranar 17 ga Maris 1997) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Morocco wanda ke buga ƙwallon ƙafa a matsayin ɗan wasan gefe . [1] [2] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1997]] l62znvwpa8w7pkc2rq2la6768tdk3pw 829975 829973 2026-05-05T09:14:55Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1328459737|Amine Ennali]]" 829975 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mohammed Amine Ennali''' (an haife shi a ranar 17 ga Maris 1997) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Morocco wanda ke buga ƙwallon ƙafa a matsayin ɗan wasan gefe . [1] [2]<ref>Amine Ennali at Soccerway. Retrieved 19 August 2020.</ref><ref>"Hoe Amine Ennali na Lazio Roma in de bungalow van Achilles'29 belandde". Vice.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 19 August 2020.</ref><ref>"Amine Ennali vol met levenslessen terug in Amsterdam: 'AGB is mijn redding'". Het Amsterdamsche Voetbal (in Dutch). 28 September 2018. Retrieved 19 August 2020.</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1997]] 1dwif0pnaui4fme7kppjy0iamvktq47 829977 829975 2026-05-05T09:15:10Z Sardeeq 39275 829977 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mohammed Amine Ennali''' (an haife shi a ranar 17 ga Maris 1997) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Morocco wanda ke buga ƙwallon ƙafa a matsayin ɗan wasan gefe . [1] [2]<ref>Amine Ennali at Soccerway. Retrieved 19 August 2020.</ref><ref>"Hoe Amine Ennali na Lazio Roma in de bungalow van Achilles'29 belandde". Vice.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 19 August 2020.</ref><ref>"Amine Ennali vol met levenslessen terug in Amsterdam: 'AGB is mijn redding'". Het Amsterdamsche Voetbal (in Dutch). 28 September 2018. Retrieved 19 August 2020.</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1997]] q687fur7aabcjp6uow42kj7us74hvbg 0 149189 829974 2026-05-05T09:14:00Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1346687627|Nigeria at the Africa Cup of Nations]]" 829974 wikitext text/x-wiki Najeriya ta bayyana a wasan karshe na Kofin Kasashen Afirka a lokuta ashirin. Najeriya ta lashe kofin sau uku: karo na farko ya kasance a 1980 kuma sun lashe lambar yabo ta biyu a 1994, da aka gudanar a Tunisia.<ref>{{Cite web |date=April 10, 2020 |title=Watch as Caf relives Nigeria defeat Zambia to win 1994 Africa Cup of Nations &#124; Goal.com |url=https://www.goal.com/en/news/watch-as-caf-relives-nigeria-defeat-zambia-to-win-1994-africa-cup-of-nations/kp96cxyac2o219vlyui24ofbv |website=[[Goal (website)|Goal]]}}</ref> Najeriya ta lashe lambar yabo ta Afirka ta uku a shekarar 2013, <ref>{{Cite web |date=January 5, 2022 |title=Nigeria's last AFCON winning team - Who were the players and where are they now? &#124; Goal.com India |url=https://www.goal.com/en-in/lists/nigeria-last-afcon-2013-winning-team-players/blt480dd3ff3f2b78e1 |website=www.goal.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigeria are African champions – DW – 02/10/2013 |url=https://www.dw.com/en/nigeria-beat-burkina-faso-1-0-to-win-africa-cup-of-nations/a-16589778 |website=dw.com}}</ref> wanda aka gudanar a Afirka ta Kudu.<ref>{{Cite web |date=February 10, 2013 |title=Third African soccer title for Nigeria |url=https://www.cnn.com/2013/02/10/sport/football/nigeria-burkina-faso-africa-football/index.html |website=CNN}}</ref> == Rubuce-rubuce gaba ɗaya == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" ! colspan="10" |Tarihin [[Gasar cin kofin Afrika|Kofin Kasashen Afirka]] ! rowspan="39" style="width:1%;" | ! colspan="6" |Rubuce-rubucen cancantar gasar cin kofin Afirka |- !Shekara !Zagaye !Matsayi !{{Tooltip|Pld|Matches played}} !{{Tooltip|W|Matches won}} !*{{Tooltip|D|Matches drawn}} !{{Tooltip|L|Matches lost}} !{{Tooltip|GF|Goals for}} !{{Tooltip|GA|Goals against}} !Kungiyar !{{Tooltip|Pld|Matches played}} !{{Tooltip|W|Matches won}} !*{{Tooltip|D|Matches drawn}} !{{Tooltip|L|Matches lost}} !{{Tooltip|GF|Goals for}} !{{Tooltip|GA|Goals against}} |- |[[1957 African Cup of Nations|1957]]{{Flagicon|Sudan|1956}} | colspan="9" rowspan="2" |''Ba a haɗa shi da CAF'' | colspan="6" rowspan="2" |''Ba a haɗa shi da CAF'' |- |[[1959 African Cup of Nations|1959]]{{Flagicon|United Arab Republic}} |- |[[1962 African Cup of Nations|1962]]{{Flagicon|Ethiopia|1897}} | colspan="9" |''Ya janye'' |4 |1 |2 |1 |4 |5 |- |[[1963 African Cup of Nations|1963]]{{Flagicon|Ghana|1964}} |Mataki na rukuni |Na 6 |2 |0 |0 |2 |3 |10 |Kungiyar |2 |0 |1 |1 |2 |3 |- |[[1965 African Cup of Nations|1965]]{{Flagicon|Tunisia|1959}} | colspan="9" |''Ya janye'' | colspan="6" |''Ya janye'' |- |[[1968 African Cup of Nations|1968]]{{Flagicon|Ethiopia|1897}} | colspan="9" |''Ba ta cancanci ba'' |4 |1 |1 |2 |4 |5 |- |[[1970 African Cup of Nations|1970]]{{Flagicon|Sudan|1956}} | colspan="9" |''Ya janye'' | colspan="6" |''Ya janye'' |- |[[1972 African Cup of Nations|1972]]{{Flagicon|Cameroon|1961}} | colspan="9" rowspan="2" |''Ba ta cancanci ba'' |2 |0 |1 |1 |1 |2 |- |[[1974 African Cup of Nations|1974]]{{Flagicon|Egypt|1972}} |4 |2 |1 |1 |7 |9 |- bgcolor="#cc9966" |[[1976 African Cup of Nations|1976]]{{Flagicon|Ethiopia|1975}} |'''Matsayi na uku''' |'''Na uku''' |'''6''' |'''3''' |'''1''' |'''2''' |'''11''' |'''10''' |'''Kungiyar''' |2 |2 |0 |0 |3 |1 |- bgcolor="#cc9966" |[[1978 African Cup of Nations|1978]]{{Flagicon|Ghana}} |'''Matsayi na uku''' |'''Na uku''' |'''5''' |'''2''' |'''2''' |'''1''' |'''8''' |'''5''' |'''Kungiyar''' |4 |2 |1 |1 |7 |4 |- bgcolor="gold" | style="border: 3px solid red" |[[1980 African Cup of Nations|1980]]{{Flagicon|Nigeria}} |'''[[Kofin Kasashen Afirka Na 1980|Zakarun Turai]]''' |'''Na farko''' |'''5''' |'''4''' |'''1''' |'''0''' |'''8''' |'''1''' |'''Kungiyar''' | colspan="6" |''Ya cancanci zama masu masaukin baki'' |- |[[1982 African Cup of Nations|1982]]{{Flagicon|Libya|1977}} |Mataki na rukuni |Na 6 |3 |1 |0 |2 |4 |5 |Kungiyar | colspan="6" |''Ya cancanci zama masu riƙewa'' |- bgcolor="silver" |[[1984 African Cup of Nations|1984]]{{Flagicon|Ivory Coast}} |'''Masu gudu''' |'''Na biyu''' |'''5''' |'''1''' |'''3''' |'''1''' |'''7''' |'''8''' |'''Kungiyar''' |4 |1 |2 |1 |2 |1 |- |[[1986 African Cup of Nations|1986]]{{Flagicon|Egypt}} | colspan="9" |''Ba ta cancanci ba'' |2 |0 |1 |1 |0 |1 |- bgcolor="silver" |[[1988 African Cup of Nations|1988]]{{Flagicon|Morocco}} |'''Masu gudu''' |'''Na biyu''' |'''5''' |'''1''' |'''3''' |'''1''' |'''5''' |'''3''' |'''Kungiyar''' |4 |2 |1 |1 |6 |3 |- bgcolor="silver" |[[1990 African Cup of Nations|1990]]{{Flagicon|Algeria}} |'''Masu gudu''' |'''Na biyu''' |'''5''' |'''3''' |'''0''' |'''2''' |'''5''' |'''6''' |'''Kungiyar''' |4 |2 |2 |0 |8 |2 |- bgcolor="#cc9966" |[[1992 African Cup of Nations|1992]]{{Flagicon|Senegal}} |'''Matsayi na uku''' |'''Na uku''' |'''5''' |'''4''' |'''0''' |'''1''' |'''8''' |'''5''' |'''Kungiyar''' |8 |4 |3 |1 |15 |3 |- bgcolor="gold" |[[1994 African Cup of Nations|1994]]{{Flagicon|Tunisia|1959}} |'''Zakarun Turai''' |'''Na farko''' |'''5''' |'''3''' |'''2''' |'''0''' |'''9''' |'''3''' |'''Kungiyar''' |6 |3 |2 |1 |12 |1 |- |[[1996 African Cup of Nations|1996]]{{Flagicon|South Africa}} | colspan="9" |''Ya janye'' | colspan="6" |''Ya cancanci zama masu riƙewa'' |- |[[1998 African Cup of Nations|1998]]{{Flagicon|Burkina Faso}} | colspan="9" |''An haramta shi'' | colspan="6" |''An haramta shi'' |- bgcolor="silver" | style="border: 3px solid red" |[[Gasar Kofin Kasashen Afrika ta 2000|2000]]{{Flagicon|Ghana}}{{Flagicon|Nigeria}} |'''[[Gasar Kakar Wasan Kofin Ƙasashen Afirka na Shekara ta 2000|Masu gudu]]''' |'''Na biyu''' |'''6''' |'''4''' |'''2''' |'''0''' |'''12''' |'''5''' |'''Kungiyar''' | colspan="6" |''Ya cancanci zama masu masaukin baki'' |- bgcolor="#cc9966" |[[2002 African Cup of Nations|2002]]{{Flagicon|Mali}} |'''Matsayi na uku''' |'''Na uku''' |'''6''' |'''3''' |'''2''' |'''1''' |'''4''' |'''2''' |'''Kungiyar''' |6 |4 |2 |0 |9 |1 |- bgcolor="#cc9966" |[[2004 African Cup of Nations|2004]]{{Flagicon|Tunisia}} |'''Matsayi na uku''' |'''Na uku''' |'''6''' |'''4''' |'''1''' |'''1''' |'''11''' |'''5''' |'''Kungiyar''' |4 |2 |2 |0 |7 |3 |- bgcolor="#cc9966" |[[2006 Africa Cup of Nations|2006]]{{Flagicon|Egypt}} |'''Matsayi na uku''' |'''Na uku''' |'''6''' |'''4''' |'''1''' |'''1''' |'''7''' |'''3''' |'''Kungiyar''' |10 |6 |3 |1 |21 |7 |- |[[2008 Africa Cup of Nations|2008]]{{Flagicon|Ghana}} |Kashi na huɗu na karshe |Na 7 |4 |1 |1 |2 |3 |3 |Kungiyar |6 |5 |0 |1 |10 |3 |- bgcolor="#cc9966" |[[2010 Africa Cup of Nations|2010]]{{Flagicon|Angola}} |'''Matsayi na uku''' |'''Na uku''' |'''6''' |'''3''' |'''1''' |'''2''' |'''6''' |'''4''' |'''Kungiyar''' |12 |9 |3 |0 |20 |5 |- |[[2012 Africa Cup of Nations|2012]]{{Flagicon|Gabon}}{{Flagicon|Equatorial Guinea}} | colspan="9" |''Ba ta cancanci ba'' |6 |3 |2 |1 |12 |5 |- bgcolor="gold" |[[2013 Africa Cup of Nations|2013]]{{Flagicon|South Africa}} |'''Zakarun Turai''' |'''Na farko''' |'''6''' |'''4''' |'''2''' |'''0''' |'''11''' |'''4''' |'''Kungiyar''' |4 |2 |2 |0 |10 |3 |- |[[2015 Africa Cup of Nations|2015]]{{Flagicon|Equatorial Guinea}}{{Flagicon|Gabon}} | colspan="9" rowspan="2" |''Ba ta cancanci ba'' |6 |2 |2 |2 |9 |7 |- |[[2017 Africa Cup of Nations|2017]]{{Flagicon|Gabon}} |4 |1 |2 |1 |2 |2 |- bgcolor="#cc9966" |[[2019 Africa Cup of Nations|2019]]{{Flagicon|Egypt}} |'''Matsayi na uku''' |'''Na uku''' |'''7''' |'''5''' |'''0''' |'''2''' |'''9''' |'''7''' |'''Kungiyar''' |6 |4 |1 |1 |14 |6 |- |[[2021 Africa Cup of Nations|2021]]{{Flagicon|Cameroon}} |Zagaye na 16 |Na 9th |4 |3 |0 |1 |6 |2 |[[Kungiyoyin Kofin Kasashen Afirka na 2021|Kungiyar]] |6 |4 |2 |0 |14 |7 |- bgcolor="silver" |[[Gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afrika 2023|2023]]{{Flagicon|Ivory Coast}} |'''Masu gudu''' |'''Na biyu''' |'''7''' |'''4''' |'''2''' |'''1''' |'''8''' |'''4''' |'''Kungiyar''' |6 |5 |0 |1 |22 |4 |- |- bgcolor="#cc9966" |[[Kofin Kasashen Afirka na 2025|2025]]{{Flagicon|Morocco}} |'''Matsayi na uku''' |Na uku |7 |6 |0 |1 |14 |4 |Kungiyar |6 |3 |2 |1 |9 |3 |- |[[2027 Africa Cup of Nations|2027]]{{Flagicon|Kenya}}{{Flagicon|Tanzania}}{{Flagicon|Uganda}} | colspan="9" |''Don ƙaddara'' | colspan="8" |''Don ƙaddara'' |- !Jimillar !3 Takardun sarauta !21/35 !104 !57 !24 !23 !146 !95 !- !132 !70 !41 !21 !230 !96 |} : ''*Abubuwan da aka zana ciki har da wasannin knockout da aka yanke ta hanyar harbi.'' : ''** Launi mai launin ja yana nuna cewa an gudanar da gasar a ƙasar gida.'' == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 7kw2xvy6kkqjc6cl0np245aop600ne7 829976 829974 2026-05-05T09:15:08Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 829976 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Najeriya ta bayyana a wasan karshe na Kofin Kasashen Afirka a lokuta ashirin. Najeriya ta lashe kofin sau uku: karo na farko ya kasance a 1980 kuma sun lashe lambar yabo ta biyu a 1994, da aka gudanar a Tunisia.<ref>{{Cite web |date=April 10, 2020 |title=Watch as Caf relives Nigeria defeat Zambia to win 1994 Africa Cup of Nations &#124; Goal.com |url=https://www.goal.com/en/news/watch-as-caf-relives-nigeria-defeat-zambia-to-win-1994-africa-cup-of-nations/kp96cxyac2o219vlyui24ofbv |website=[[Goal (website)|Goal]]}}</ref> Najeriya ta lashe lambar yabo ta Afirka ta uku a shekarar 2013, <ref>{{Cite web |date=January 5, 2022 |title=Nigeria's last AFCON winning team - Who were the players and where are they now? &#124; Goal.com India |url=https://www.goal.com/en-in/lists/nigeria-last-afcon-2013-winning-team-players/blt480dd3ff3f2b78e1 |website=www.goal.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigeria are African champions – DW – 02/10/2013 |url=https://www.dw.com/en/nigeria-beat-burkina-faso-1-0-to-win-africa-cup-of-nations/a-16589778 |website=dw.com}}</ref> wanda aka gudanar a Afirka ta Kudu.<ref>{{Cite web |date=February 10, 2013 |title=Third African soccer title for Nigeria |url=https://www.cnn.com/2013/02/10/sport/football/nigeria-burkina-faso-africa-football/index.html |website=CNN}}</ref> == Rubuce-rubuce gaba ɗaya == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" ! colspan="10" |Tarihin [[Gasar cin kofin Afrika|Kofin Kasashen Afirka]] ! rowspan="39" style="width:1%;" | ! colspan="6" |Rubuce-rubucen cancantar gasar cin kofin Afirka |- !Shekara !Zagaye !Matsayi !{{Tooltip|Pld|Matches played}} !{{Tooltip|W|Matches won}} !*{{Tooltip|D|Matches drawn}} !{{Tooltip|L|Matches lost}} !{{Tooltip|GF|Goals for}} !{{Tooltip|GA|Goals against}} !Kungiyar !{{Tooltip|Pld|Matches played}} !{{Tooltip|W|Matches won}} !*{{Tooltip|D|Matches drawn}} !{{Tooltip|L|Matches lost}} !{{Tooltip|GF|Goals for}} !{{Tooltip|GA|Goals against}} |- |[[1957 African Cup of Nations|1957]]{{Flagicon|Sudan|1956}} | colspan="9" rowspan="2" |''Ba a haɗa shi da CAF'' | colspan="6" rowspan="2" |''Ba a haɗa shi da CAF'' |- |[[1959 African Cup of Nations|1959]]{{Flagicon|United Arab Republic}} |- |[[1962 African Cup of Nations|1962]]{{Flagicon|Ethiopia|1897}} | colspan="9" |''Ya janye'' |4 |1 |2 |1 |4 |5 |- |[[1963 African Cup of Nations|1963]]{{Flagicon|Ghana|1964}} |Mataki na rukuni |Na 6 |2 |0 |0 |2 |3 |10 |Kungiyar |2 |0 |1 |1 |2 |3 |- |[[1965 African Cup of Nations|1965]]{{Flagicon|Tunisia|1959}} | colspan="9" |''Ya janye'' | colspan="6" |''Ya janye'' |- |[[1968 African Cup of Nations|1968]]{{Flagicon|Ethiopia|1897}} | colspan="9" |''Ba ta cancanci ba'' |4 |1 |1 |2 |4 |5 |- |[[1970 African Cup of Nations|1970]]{{Flagicon|Sudan|1956}} | colspan="9" |''Ya janye'' | colspan="6" |''Ya janye'' |- |[[1972 African Cup of Nations|1972]]{{Flagicon|Cameroon|1961}} | colspan="9" rowspan="2" |''Ba ta cancanci ba'' |2 |0 |1 |1 |1 |2 |- |[[1974 African Cup of Nations|1974]]{{Flagicon|Egypt|1972}} |4 |2 |1 |1 |7 |9 |- bgcolor="#cc9966" |[[1976 African Cup of Nations|1976]]{{Flagicon|Ethiopia|1975}} |'''Matsayi na uku''' |'''Na uku''' |'''6''' |'''3''' |'''1''' |'''2''' |'''11''' |'''10''' |'''Kungiyar''' |2 |2 |0 |0 |3 |1 |- bgcolor="#cc9966" |[[1978 African Cup of Nations|1978]]{{Flagicon|Ghana}} |'''Matsayi na uku''' |'''Na uku''' |'''5''' |'''2''' |'''2''' |'''1''' |'''8''' |'''5''' |'''Kungiyar''' |4 |2 |1 |1 |7 |4 |- bgcolor="gold" | style="border: 3px solid red" |[[1980 African Cup of Nations|1980]]{{Flagicon|Nigeria}} |'''[[Kofin Kasashen Afirka Na 1980|Zakarun Turai]]''' |'''Na farko''' |'''5''' |'''4''' |'''1''' |'''0''' |'''8''' |'''1''' |'''Kungiyar''' | colspan="6" |''Ya cancanci zama masu masaukin baki'' |- |[[1982 African Cup of Nations|1982]]{{Flagicon|Libya|1977}} |Mataki na rukuni |Na 6 |3 |1 |0 |2 |4 |5 |Kungiyar | colspan="6" |''Ya cancanci zama masu riƙewa'' |- bgcolor="silver" |[[1984 African Cup of Nations|1984]]{{Flagicon|Ivory Coast}} |'''Masu gudu''' |'''Na biyu''' |'''5''' |'''1''' |'''3''' |'''1''' |'''7''' |'''8''' |'''Kungiyar''' |4 |1 |2 |1 |2 |1 |- |[[1986 African Cup of Nations|1986]]{{Flagicon|Egypt}} | colspan="9" |''Ba ta cancanci ba'' |2 |0 |1 |1 |0 |1 |- bgcolor="silver" |[[1988 African Cup of Nations|1988]]{{Flagicon|Morocco}} |'''Masu gudu''' |'''Na biyu''' |'''5''' |'''1''' |'''3''' |'''1''' |'''5''' |'''3''' |'''Kungiyar''' |4 |2 |1 |1 |6 |3 |- bgcolor="silver" |[[1990 African Cup of Nations|1990]]{{Flagicon|Algeria}} |'''Masu gudu''' |'''Na biyu''' |'''5''' |'''3''' |'''0''' |'''2''' |'''5''' |'''6''' |'''Kungiyar''' |4 |2 |2 |0 |8 |2 |- bgcolor="#cc9966" |[[1992 African Cup of Nations|1992]]{{Flagicon|Senegal}} |'''Matsayi na uku''' |'''Na uku''' |'''5''' |'''4''' |'''0''' |'''1''' |'''8''' |'''5''' |'''Kungiyar''' |8 |4 |3 |1 |15 |3 |- bgcolor="gold" |[[1994 African Cup of Nations|1994]]{{Flagicon|Tunisia|1959}} |'''Zakarun Turai''' |'''Na farko''' |'''5''' |'''3''' |'''2''' |'''0''' |'''9''' |'''3''' |'''Kungiyar''' |6 |3 |2 |1 |12 |1 |- |[[1996 African Cup of Nations|1996]]{{Flagicon|South Africa}} | colspan="9" |''Ya janye'' | colspan="6" |''Ya cancanci zama masu riƙewa'' |- |[[1998 African Cup of Nations|1998]]{{Flagicon|Burkina Faso}} | colspan="9" |''An haramta shi'' | colspan="6" |''An haramta shi'' |- bgcolor="silver" | style="border: 3px solid red" |[[Gasar Kofin Kasashen Afrika ta 2000|2000]]{{Flagicon|Ghana}}{{Flagicon|Nigeria}} |'''[[Gasar Kakar Wasan Kofin Ƙasashen Afirka na Shekara ta 2000|Masu gudu]]''' |'''Na biyu''' |'''6''' |'''4''' |'''2''' |'''0''' |'''12''' |'''5''' |'''Kungiyar''' | colspan="6" |''Ya cancanci zama masu masaukin baki'' |- bgcolor="#cc9966" |[[2002 African Cup of Nations|2002]]{{Flagicon|Mali}} |'''Matsayi na uku''' |'''Na uku''' |'''6''' |'''3''' |'''2''' |'''1''' |'''4''' |'''2''' |'''Kungiyar''' |6 |4 |2 |0 |9 |1 |- bgcolor="#cc9966" |[[2004 African Cup of Nations|2004]]{{Flagicon|Tunisia}} |'''Matsayi na uku''' |'''Na uku''' |'''6''' |'''4''' |'''1''' |'''1''' |'''11''' |'''5''' |'''Kungiyar''' |4 |2 |2 |0 |7 |3 |- bgcolor="#cc9966" |[[2006 Africa Cup of Nations|2006]]{{Flagicon|Egypt}} |'''Matsayi na uku''' |'''Na uku''' |'''6''' |'''4''' |'''1''' |'''1''' |'''7''' |'''3''' |'''Kungiyar''' |10 |6 |3 |1 |21 |7 |- |[[2008 Africa Cup of Nations|2008]]{{Flagicon|Ghana}} |Kashi na huɗu na karshe |Na 7 |4 |1 |1 |2 |3 |3 |Kungiyar |6 |5 |0 |1 |10 |3 |- bgcolor="#cc9966" |[[2010 Africa Cup of Nations|2010]]{{Flagicon|Angola}} |'''Matsayi na uku''' |'''Na uku''' |'''6''' |'''3''' |'''1''' |'''2''' |'''6''' |'''4''' |'''Kungiyar''' |12 |9 |3 |0 |20 |5 |- |[[2012 Africa Cup of Nations|2012]]{{Flagicon|Gabon}}{{Flagicon|Equatorial Guinea}} | colspan="9" |''Ba ta cancanci ba'' |6 |3 |2 |1 |12 |5 |- bgcolor="gold" |[[2013 Africa Cup of Nations|2013]]{{Flagicon|South Africa}} |'''Zakarun Turai''' |'''Na farko''' |'''6''' |'''4''' |'''2''' |'''0''' |'''11''' |'''4''' |'''Kungiyar''' |4 |2 |2 |0 |10 |3 |- |[[2015 Africa Cup of Nations|2015]]{{Flagicon|Equatorial Guinea}}{{Flagicon|Gabon}} | colspan="9" rowspan="2" |''Ba ta cancanci ba'' |6 |2 |2 |2 |9 |7 |- |[[2017 Africa Cup of Nations|2017]]{{Flagicon|Gabon}} |4 |1 |2 |1 |2 |2 |- bgcolor="#cc9966" |[[2019 Africa Cup of Nations|2019]]{{Flagicon|Egypt}} |'''Matsayi na uku''' |'''Na uku''' |'''7''' |'''5''' |'''0''' |'''2''' |'''9''' |'''7''' |'''Kungiyar''' |6 |4 |1 |1 |14 |6 |- |[[2021 Africa Cup of Nations|2021]]{{Flagicon|Cameroon}} |Zagaye na 16 |Na 9th |4 |3 |0 |1 |6 |2 |[[Kungiyoyin Kofin Kasashen Afirka na 2021|Kungiyar]] |6 |4 |2 |0 |14 |7 |- bgcolor="silver" |[[Gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afrika 2023|2023]]{{Flagicon|Ivory Coast}} |'''Masu gudu''' |'''Na biyu''' |'''7''' |'''4''' |'''2''' |'''1''' |'''8''' |'''4''' |'''Kungiyar''' |6 |5 |0 |1 |22 |4 |- |- bgcolor="#cc9966" |[[Kofin Kasashen Afirka na 2025|2025]]{{Flagicon|Morocco}} |'''Matsayi na uku''' |Na uku |7 |6 |0 |1 |14 |4 |Kungiyar |6 |3 |2 |1 |9 |3 |- |[[2027 Africa Cup of Nations|2027]]{{Flagicon|Kenya}}{{Flagicon|Tanzania}}{{Flagicon|Uganda}} | colspan="9" |''Don ƙaddara'' | colspan="8" |''Don ƙaddara'' |- !Jimillar !3 Takardun sarauta !21/35 !104 !57 !24 !23 !146 !95 !- !132 !70 !41 !21 !230 !96 |} : ''*Abubuwan da aka zana ciki har da wasannin knockout da aka yanke ta hanyar harbi.'' : ''** Launi mai launin ja yana nuna cewa an gudanar da gasar a ƙasar gida.'' == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} pn1eb67weq5yqi80oja41bkz432ngrq 0 149190 829978 2026-05-05T09:15:46Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1340148298|Kenny Elders]]" 829978 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kenny Elders''' (an haife shi a ranar 1 ga Fabrairu 1995) ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Holland wanda kwanan nan ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙungiyar Tweede Divisie ta ƙasar Holland FC Lienden wasa . == Aikin kulob == Ya zo ta hanyar ƙungiyar matasa ta NEC kafin ya koma Achilles '29 [1] kuma ya fara buga wasa a ƙungiyar Eerste Division don Achilles '29 a ranar 7 ga Agusta 2015 a wasan da suka yi da Jong Ajax . [2] Bayan da aka mayar da ƙungiyar zuwa ƙungiyar Tweede Division a shekarar 2017, Elders ya bar su zuwa FC Lienden . [3] Ya sake barin Lienden a ƙarshen 2018. [4] A ƙarshen shekarar 2019 an tabbatar da cewa Eldars zai shiga VV DUNO daga shekarar 2020. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1995]] pie8l0fw7gcje3hq028xe8sp3bw97st 829981 829978 2026-05-05T09:17:29Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1340148298|Kenny Elders]]" 829981 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kenny Elders''' (an haife shi a ranar 1 ga Fabrairu 1995) ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Holland wanda kwanan nan ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙungiyar Tweede Divisie ta ƙasar Holland FC Lienden wasa.<ref>Kenny Elders naar Achilles’29 - NEC Nijmegen (in Dutch)</ref><ref>Game Report by Soccerway". Soccerway. 7 August 2015.</ref><ref>Elders van Achilles’29 naar FC Lienden - Gelderlander (in Dutch)</ref> == Aikin kulob == Ya zo ta hanyar ƙungiyar matasa ta NEC kafin ya koma Achilles '29 [1] kuma ya fara buga wasa a ƙungiyar Eerste Division don Achilles '29 a ranar 7 ga Agusta 2015 a wasan da suka yi da Jong Ajax . [2] Bayan da aka mayar da ƙungiyar zuwa ƙungiyar Tweede Division a shekarar 2017, Elders ya bar su zuwa FC Lienden . [3] Ya sake barin Lienden a ƙarshen 2018. [4] A ƙarshen shekarar 2019 an tabbatar da cewa Eldars zai shiga VV DUNO daga shekarar 2020. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1995]] aadmscw0oiy5d5td0t0ch7oi46hdsmh 829982 829981 2026-05-05T09:17:45Z Sardeeq 39275 829982 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kenny Elders''' (an haife shi a ranar 1 ga Fabrairu 1995) ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Holland wanda kwanan nan ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙungiyar Tweede Divisie ta ƙasar Holland FC Lienden wasa.<ref>Kenny Elders naar Achilles’29 - NEC Nijmegen (in Dutch)</ref><ref>Game Report by Soccerway". Soccerway. 7 August 2015.</ref><ref>Elders van Achilles’29 naar FC Lienden - Gelderlander (in Dutch)</ref> == Aikin kulob == Ya zo ta hanyar ƙungiyar matasa ta NEC kafin ya koma Achilles '29 [1] kuma ya fara buga wasa a ƙungiyar Eerste Division don Achilles '29 a ranar 7 ga Agusta 2015 a wasan da suka yi da Jong Ajax . [2] Bayan da aka mayar da ƙungiyar zuwa ƙungiyar Tweede Division a shekarar 2017, Elders ya bar su zuwa FC Lienden . [3] Ya sake barin Lienden a ƙarshen 2018. [4] A ƙarshen shekarar 2019 an tabbatar da cewa Eldars zai shiga VV DUNO daga shekarar 2020. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1995]] 2d6grwx93l7lsvetmypwr65w57fs4bs 0 149191 829979 2026-05-05T09:16:13Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1347143808|Nigeria national cerebral palsy football team]]" 829979 wikitext text/x-wiki Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kwakwalwa ta [[Najeriya]] ita ce '''Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Najeriya''' wacce ke wakiltar tawagar a gasa ta kasa da kasa. An ƙaddamar da shirin na ƙungiyar ƙasa a cikin 2012, amma tun daga 2016 ƙungiyar ba ta taɓa buga wasan ƙasa da ƙasa ba. An shirya wasanni da yawa amma batutuwa sun taso kuma tawagar ba ta iya tafiya don waɗannan wasannin ba. Abubuwan da suka faru sun faru a bayan fage don tallafawa tawagar kasa, gami da karbar bakuncin gasar a Filin wasa na kasa, Legas a watan Yulin 2016. A wannan shekarar, Najeriya kuma tana neman yiwuwar kirkirar tawagar mata ta kasa. == Tarihi == [[Power Eagles Cerebral Palsy]] (CPFAN) tana kula da tawagar kasa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Our Members&nbsp;— CP Football |url=http://www.ifcpf.com/our-members |access-date=25 August 2016 |website=IFCPF}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2016-08-11 |title=Cerebral Palsy to feature as demonstration sport at 19th Sports Festival |url=http://reporters365.com/2016/08/92290/cerebral-palsy-to-feature-as-demonstration-sport-at-19th-sports-festival/ |access-date=2016-08-27 |website=Reporters365...}}</ref> Kocin tawagar kasa a shekarar 2015 da 2016 shi ne [[Gbenga Dosumu]] . <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Cerebral Palsy Football Tourney Gets Date - SportsDay |url=http://sportsdayonline.com/cerebral-palsy-football-tourney-gets-date/ |access-date=2016-08-27 |website=sportsdayonline.com}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |title=Cerebral Palsy Football Berths In Lagos {{!}} |url=http://leadership.ng/sports/414407/cerebral-palsy-football-berths-in-lagos |access-date=2016-08-27 |language=en-us}}</ref> A shekara ta 2015, manajan kungiyar shine [[Adegboyega Ganiyu]] . <ref name=":7" /> An fara buga wasan ne a Najeriya a shekarar 2012 a karkashin jagorancin [[Nigeria Paralympics Committee|Kwamitin Wasannin Wasannin Wasano na Najeriya]] (NPC). <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2016-08-11 |title=Cerebral Palsy to feature as demonstration sport at 19th Sports Festival |url=http://reporters365.com/2016/08/92290/cerebral-palsy-to-feature-as-demonstration-sport-at-19th-sports-festival/ |access-date=2016-08-27 |website=Reporters365...}}</ref><ref name=":6">{{Cite web |title=Ikpea asks for support for cerebral palsy sportsmen {{!}} Nigeria Newspapers |url=http://breaking.com.ng/nigeria/ikpea-asks-for-support-for-cerebral-palsy-sportsmen/ |access-date=2016-08-27}}</ref> Kwallon ƙafa na ƙwaƙwalwa yana da iyakantaccen kasancewar a Afirka a cikin 2015, tare da wasan kawai ana buga shi a Najeriya, Afirka ta Kudu, Tunisia, Ghana da Saliyo. A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2015, an gudanar da bita na horarwa a kasar don kokarin ci gaba da bunkasa wasanni. .<ref>{{Cite web |title=2016 - Coach Education Workshops&nbsp;— CP Football |url=http://www.ifcpf.com/development/2016-coach-education-workshops |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160815220130/http://www.ifcpf.com/development/2016-coach-education-workshops |archive-date=2016-08-15 |access-date=2016-08-27 |website=www.ifcpf.com}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Nigeria has membership of IFCPF&nbsp;— CP Football |url=http://www.ifcpf.com/news/nigeria-has-membership-of-ifcpf |access-date=2016-08-27 |website=www.ifcpf.com}}</ref> A shekara ta 2016, tawagar kasa ba ta aiki yayin da shugabanci ya yi ƙoƙarin kafa wasannin kasa da kasa. Ba su da wasannin kasa da kasa a tarihin su. Wasan har yanzu yana kan matakin ci gaba a matakin kasa.<ref name=":9">{{Cite web |title=Worldwide Reach&nbsp;— CP Football |url=http://www.ifcpf.com/development/worldwide-reach |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160818145854/http://www.ifcpf.com/development/worldwide-reach |archive-date=18 August 2016 |access-date=2016-08-27 |website=www.ifcpf.com}}</ref> An gudanar da gasar kwana uku a watan Yulin 2016 a Filin wasa na kasa, Legas tare da kungiyoyi hudu da suka halarci. Wadannan kungiyoyi sun hada da Team Balo ldi-Araba, Team Rev. Sam lkpea, Team Premier Lotto da Team Ajadi Lawa.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Cerebral Palsy Football Tourney Gets Date - SportsDay |url=http://sportsdayonline.com/cerebral-palsy-football-tourney-gets-date/ |access-date=2016-08-27 |website=sportsdayonline.com}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=CP Football Association of Nigeria hold 3 day tournament&nbsp;— CP Football |url=http://www.ifcpf.com/news/cp-football-association-of-nigeria-hold-3-day-tournament |access-date=2016-08-27 |website=www.ifcpf.com}}</ref> Rev. Samuel Ikpea Football ne ya lashe gasar.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ikpea FC Win Cerebral Palsy Tourney - SportsDay |url=http://sportsdayonline.com/ikpea-fc-win-cerebral-palsy-tourney/ |access-date=2016-08-27 |website=sportsdayonline.com}}</ref> Wannan gasar ta kasa ta amince da ita ta Ƙungiyar Ƙwallon ƙafa ta Cerebral Palsy . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2016 |title=National Championships 2015 |url=http://www.ifcpf.com/tournaments/national-championships-2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160817012702/http://www.ifcpf.com/tournaments/national-championships-2015 |archive-date=17 August 2016 |access-date=28 August 2016 |website=CP Football}}</ref> Najeriya kuma tana neman ƙirƙirar ƙungiyar CP ta mata a cikin 2016. <ref name=":4" /> == Cerebral Palsy 7-Aside Football Association of Nigeria == [[Cerebral Palsy 7-Aside Football Association of Nigeria]] (CPFAN) tana kula da gudanar da wasanni a Najeriya. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2016-08-11 |title=Cerebral Palsy to feature as demonstration sport at 19th Sports Festival |url=http://reporters365.com/2016/08/92290/cerebral-palsy-to-feature-as-demonstration-sport-at-19th-sports-festival/ |access-date=2016-08-27 |website=Reporters365...}}</ref> An kafa CPFAN a cikin shekara ta 2012. Sun zama mambobi ne na IFCPF a hukumance a farkon 2015 . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Nigeria has membership of IFCPF&nbsp;— CP Football |url=http://www.ifcpf.com/news/nigeria-has-membership-of-ifcpf |access-date=2016-08-27 |website=www.ifcpf.com}}</ref> [[Jude Uwazie]] shine Shugaban kungiyar kuma Shugaban kungiyar <ref name=":7" /> kuma [[Sam Ikpea]] mai ba da shawara na kasa. <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Cerebral Palsy Football Tourney Gets Date - SportsDay |url=http://sportsdayonline.com/cerebral-palsy-football-tourney-gets-date/ |access-date=2016-08-27 |website=sportsdayonline.com}}</ref><ref name=":6">{{Cite web |title=Ikpea asks for support for cerebral palsy sportsmen {{!}} Nigeria Newspapers |url=http://breaking.com.ng/nigeria/ikpea-asks-for-support-for-cerebral-palsy-sportsmen/ |access-date=2016-08-27}}</ref> == Matsayi == A cikin 2016, IFCPF tana aiki sosai wajen ƙoƙarin haɓaka tsarin matsayi na yanki don Afirka. Kungiyar ta cancanci matsayi da zarar an inganta wannan tsarin sosai.<ref name="africa">{{Cite web |title=Africa Ranking&nbsp;— CP Football |url=http://www.ifcpf.com/ranking/africa-regional-rankings |access-date=25 August 2016 |website=CP Football}}</ref><ref name="world">{{Cite web |title=Africa Ranking&nbsp;— CP Football |url=http://www.ifcpf.com/ranking |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150726005409/http://www.ifcpf.com/ranking |archive-date=26 July 2015 |access-date=25 August 2016 |website=CP Football}}</ref> kjf8vn4akq6pyorqcnxv78xcutmdffg 829980 829979 2026-05-05T09:16:50Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 829980 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kwakwalwa ta [[Najeriya]] ita ce '''Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Najeriya''' wacce ke wakiltar tawagar a gasa ta kasa da kasa. An ƙaddamar da shirin na ƙungiyar ƙasa a cikin 2012, amma tun daga 2016 ƙungiyar ba ta taɓa buga wasan ƙasa da ƙasa ba. An shirya wasanni da yawa amma batutuwa sun taso kuma tawagar ba ta iya tafiya don waɗannan wasannin ba. Abubuwan da suka faru sun faru a bayan fage don tallafawa tawagar kasa, gami da karbar bakuncin gasar a Filin wasa na kasa, Legas a watan Yulin 2016. A wannan shekarar, Najeriya kuma tana neman yiwuwar kirkirar tawagar mata ta kasa. == Tarihi == [[Power Eagles Cerebral Palsy]] (CPFAN) tana kula da tawagar kasa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Our Members&nbsp;— CP Football |url=http://www.ifcpf.com/our-members |access-date=25 August 2016 |website=IFCPF}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2016-08-11 |title=Cerebral Palsy to feature as demonstration sport at 19th Sports Festival |url=http://reporters365.com/2016/08/92290/cerebral-palsy-to-feature-as-demonstration-sport-at-19th-sports-festival/ |access-date=2016-08-27 |website=Reporters365...}}</ref> Kocin tawagar kasa a shekarar 2015 da 2016 shi ne [[Gbenga Dosumu]] . <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Cerebral Palsy Football Tourney Gets Date - SportsDay |url=http://sportsdayonline.com/cerebral-palsy-football-tourney-gets-date/ |access-date=2016-08-27 |website=sportsdayonline.com}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |title=Cerebral Palsy Football Berths In Lagos {{!}} |url=http://leadership.ng/sports/414407/cerebral-palsy-football-berths-in-lagos |access-date=2016-08-27 |language=en-us}}</ref> A shekara ta 2015, manajan kungiyar shine [[Adegboyega Ganiyu]] . <ref name=":7" /> An fara buga wasan ne a Najeriya a shekarar 2012 a karkashin jagorancin [[Nigeria Paralympics Committee|Kwamitin Wasannin Wasannin Wasano na Najeriya]] (NPC). <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2016-08-11 |title=Cerebral Palsy to feature as demonstration sport at 19th Sports Festival |url=http://reporters365.com/2016/08/92290/cerebral-palsy-to-feature-as-demonstration-sport-at-19th-sports-festival/ |access-date=2016-08-27 |website=Reporters365...}}</ref><ref name=":6">{{Cite web |title=Ikpea asks for support for cerebral palsy sportsmen {{!}} Nigeria Newspapers |url=http://breaking.com.ng/nigeria/ikpea-asks-for-support-for-cerebral-palsy-sportsmen/ |access-date=2016-08-27}}</ref> Kwallon ƙafa na ƙwaƙwalwa yana da iyakantaccen kasancewar a Afirka a cikin 2015, tare da wasan kawai ana buga shi a Najeriya, Afirka ta Kudu, Tunisia, Ghana da Saliyo. A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2015, an gudanar da bita na horarwa a kasar don kokarin ci gaba da bunkasa wasanni. .<ref>{{Cite web |title=2016 - Coach Education Workshops&nbsp;— CP Football |url=http://www.ifcpf.com/development/2016-coach-education-workshops |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160815220130/http://www.ifcpf.com/development/2016-coach-education-workshops |archive-date=2016-08-15 |access-date=2016-08-27 |website=www.ifcpf.com}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Nigeria has membership of IFCPF&nbsp;— CP Football |url=http://www.ifcpf.com/news/nigeria-has-membership-of-ifcpf |access-date=2016-08-27 |website=www.ifcpf.com}}</ref> A shekara ta 2016, tawagar kasa ba ta aiki yayin da shugabanci ya yi ƙoƙarin kafa wasannin kasa da kasa. Ba su da wasannin kasa da kasa a tarihin su. Wasan har yanzu yana kan matakin ci gaba a matakin kasa.<ref name=":9">{{Cite web |title=Worldwide Reach&nbsp;— CP Football |url=http://www.ifcpf.com/development/worldwide-reach |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160818145854/http://www.ifcpf.com/development/worldwide-reach |archive-date=18 August 2016 |access-date=2016-08-27 |website=www.ifcpf.com}}</ref> An gudanar da gasar kwana uku a watan Yulin 2016 a Filin wasa na kasa, Legas tare da kungiyoyi hudu da suka halarci. Wadannan kungiyoyi sun hada da Team Balo ldi-Araba, Team Rev. Sam lkpea, Team Premier Lotto da Team Ajadi Lawa.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Cerebral Palsy Football Tourney Gets Date - SportsDay |url=http://sportsdayonline.com/cerebral-palsy-football-tourney-gets-date/ |access-date=2016-08-27 |website=sportsdayonline.com}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=CP Football Association of Nigeria hold 3 day tournament&nbsp;— CP Football |url=http://www.ifcpf.com/news/cp-football-association-of-nigeria-hold-3-day-tournament |access-date=2016-08-27 |website=www.ifcpf.com}}</ref> Rev. Samuel Ikpea Football ne ya lashe gasar.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ikpea FC Win Cerebral Palsy Tourney - SportsDay |url=http://sportsdayonline.com/ikpea-fc-win-cerebral-palsy-tourney/ |access-date=2016-08-27 |website=sportsdayonline.com}}</ref> Wannan gasar ta kasa ta amince da ita ta Ƙungiyar Ƙwallon ƙafa ta Cerebral Palsy . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2016 |title=National Championships 2015 |url=http://www.ifcpf.com/tournaments/national-championships-2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160817012702/http://www.ifcpf.com/tournaments/national-championships-2015 |archive-date=17 August 2016 |access-date=28 August 2016 |website=CP Football}}</ref> Najeriya kuma tana neman ƙirƙirar ƙungiyar CP ta mata a cikin 2016. <ref name=":4" /> == Cerebral Palsy 7-Aside Football Association of Nigeria == [[Cerebral Palsy 7-Aside Football Association of Nigeria]] (CPFAN) tana kula da gudanar da wasanni a Najeriya. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2016-08-11 |title=Cerebral Palsy to feature as demonstration sport at 19th Sports Festival |url=http://reporters365.com/2016/08/92290/cerebral-palsy-to-feature-as-demonstration-sport-at-19th-sports-festival/ |access-date=2016-08-27 |website=Reporters365...}}</ref> An kafa CPFAN a cikin shekara ta 2012. Sun zama mambobi ne na IFCPF a hukumance a farkon 2015 . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Nigeria has membership of IFCPF&nbsp;— CP Football |url=http://www.ifcpf.com/news/nigeria-has-membership-of-ifcpf |access-date=2016-08-27 |website=www.ifcpf.com}}</ref> [[Jude Uwazie]] shine Shugaban kungiyar kuma Shugaban kungiyar <ref name=":7" /> kuma [[Sam Ikpea]] mai ba da shawara na kasa. <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Cerebral Palsy Football Tourney Gets Date - SportsDay |url=http://sportsdayonline.com/cerebral-palsy-football-tourney-gets-date/ |access-date=2016-08-27 |website=sportsdayonline.com}}</ref><ref name=":6">{{Cite web |title=Ikpea asks for support for cerebral palsy sportsmen {{!}} Nigeria Newspapers |url=http://breaking.com.ng/nigeria/ikpea-asks-for-support-for-cerebral-palsy-sportsmen/ |access-date=2016-08-27}}</ref> == Matsayi == A cikin 2016, IFCPF tana aiki sosai wajen ƙoƙarin haɓaka tsarin matsayi na yanki don Afirka. Kungiyar ta cancanci matsayi da zarar an inganta wannan tsarin sosai.<ref name="africa">{{Cite web |title=Africa Ranking&nbsp;— CP Football |url=http://www.ifcpf.com/ranking/africa-regional-rankings |access-date=25 August 2016 |website=CP Football}}</ref><ref name="world">{{Cite web |title=Africa Ranking&nbsp;— CP Football |url=http://www.ifcpf.com/ranking |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150726005409/http://www.ifcpf.com/ranking |archive-date=26 July 2015 |access-date=25 August 2016 |website=CP Football}}</ref> == Manazarta == lk3xyb3ez3kuuuwywalj0rrs7n3ziy2 0 149192 829983 2026-05-05T09:18:13Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1346487496|Nigeria national football team records and statistics]]" 829983 wikitext text/x-wiki Wadannan sune jerin sunayen rikodin gasar kwallon kafa ta Najeriya da kididdiga. == Rubuce-rubucen mutum == === Rubuce-rubucen 'yan wasa === {{Updated|10 June 2024}}<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mamrud |first1=Roberto |title=Nigeria - Record International Players |url=https://www.rsssf.org/miscellaneous/nig-recintlp.html |website=RSSSF}}</ref> :''Players in '''bold''' are still active with Nigeria.'' ==== Yawancin bayyanar ==== [[Fayil:Ahmed_Musa_20180625.jpg|thumb|282x282px|Ahmed Musa shine dan wasan da ya fi buga kwallo a Najeriya.]] {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" ! width="30" |Matsayi ! width="150" |Mai kunnawa ! width="50" |Caps ! width="50" |Manufofin ! width="100" |Ayyuka |- |1 | align="left" |'''[[Ahmed Musa]]''' |111 |16 |2010–2025 |- | rowspan="2" |2 | align="left" |[[Vincent Enyeama]] |101 |0 |2002–2015 |- | align="left" |[[Joseph Yobo|Yusufu Yobo]] |101 |7 |2001–2014 |- |4 | align="left" |[[John Obi Mikel|Mikel John Obi]] |91 |6 |2005–2019 |- |5 | align="left" |'''[[Alex Iwobi]]''' |90 |10 |2015-yanzu |- | rowspan="3" |6 | align="left" |[[Nwankwo Kanu]] |86 |12 |1994–2011 |- | align="left" |Mudashiru Lawal |86 |11 |1975–1985 |- | align="left" |'''[[Moses Simon|Musa Simon]]''' |86 |10 |2015-yanzu |- |9 | align="left" |'''[[William Troost-Ekong]]''' |83 |8 |2015–2025 |- |10 | align="left" |[[Jay-Jay Okocha]] |73 |14 |1993–2006 |} ==== Manyan masu zira kwallaye ==== {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" ! width="30" |Matsayi ! width="150" |Mai kunnawa ! width="50" |Manufofin ! width="50" |Caps ! width="50" |Rashin daidaituwa ! width="100" |Ayyuka |- |1 | align="left" |[[Rashidi Yekini]] |37 |62 |0.6 |1983–1998 |- |2 | align="left" |'''[[Victor Osimhen]]''' |35 |45 |0.69 |2017-yanzu |- |3 | align="left" |[[Segun Odegbami]] |22 |47 |0.47 |1976–1981 |- |4 | align="left" |[[Yakubu Aiyegbeni]] |21 |58 |0.36 |2000–2012 |- |5 | align="left" |Ikechukwu Uche |19 |46 |0.41 |2007–2014 |- |6 | align="left" |Obafemi Martins |18 |42 |0.43 |2004–2015 |- |7 | align="left" |Samson Siasia |17 |49 |0.35 |1984–1998 |- | rowspan="2" |8 | align="left" |'''[[Odion Ighalo]]''' |16 |37 |0.43 |2015–2019 |- | align="left" |'''[[Ahmed Musa]]''' |16 |111 |0.15 |2010–2025 |- |10 | align="left" |'''[[Kelechi Iheanacho]]''' |15 |55 |0.27 |2015-yanzu |} == Manazarta == m2kri1czmxcymbho5fc81xg1tvn77lj 829984 829983 2026-05-05T09:18:45Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 829984 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Wadannan sune jerin sunayen rikodin gasar kwallon kafa ta Najeriya da kididdiga. == Rubuce-rubucen mutum == === Rubuce-rubucen 'yan wasa === {{Updated|10 June 2024}}<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mamrud |first1=Roberto |title=Nigeria - Record International Players |url=https://www.rsssf.org/miscellaneous/nig-recintlp.html |website=RSSSF}}</ref> :''Players in '''bold''' are still active with Nigeria.'' ==== Yawancin bayyanar ==== [[Fayil:Ahmed_Musa_20180625.jpg|thumb|282x282px|Ahmed Musa shine dan wasan da ya fi buga kwallo a Najeriya.]] {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" ! width="30" |Matsayi ! width="150" |Mai kunnawa ! width="50" |Caps ! width="50" |Manufofin ! width="100" |Ayyuka |- |1 | align="left" |'''[[Ahmed Musa]]''' |111 |16 |2010–2025 |- | rowspan="2" |2 | align="left" |[[Vincent Enyeama]] |101 |0 |2002–2015 |- | align="left" |[[Joseph Yobo|Yusufu Yobo]] |101 |7 |2001–2014 |- |4 | align="left" |[[John Obi Mikel|Mikel John Obi]] |91 |6 |2005–2019 |- |5 | align="left" |'''[[Alex Iwobi]]''' |90 |10 |2015-yanzu |- | rowspan="3" |6 | align="left" |[[Nwankwo Kanu]] |86 |12 |1994–2011 |- | align="left" |Mudashiru Lawal |86 |11 |1975–1985 |- | align="left" |'''[[Moses Simon|Musa Simon]]''' |86 |10 |2015-yanzu |- |9 | align="left" |'''[[William Troost-Ekong]]''' |83 |8 |2015–2025 |- |10 | align="left" |[[Jay-Jay Okocha]] |73 |14 |1993–2006 |} ==== Manyan masu zira kwallaye ==== {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" ! width="30" |Matsayi ! width="150" |Mai kunnawa ! width="50" |Manufofin ! width="50" |Caps ! width="50" |Rashin daidaituwa ! width="100" |Ayyuka |- |1 | align="left" |[[Rashidi Yekini]] |37 |62 |0.6 |1983–1998 |- |2 | align="left" |'''[[Victor Osimhen]]''' |35 |45 |0.69 |2017-yanzu |- |3 | align="left" |[[Segun Odegbami]] |22 |47 |0.47 |1976–1981 |- |4 | align="left" |[[Yakubu Aiyegbeni]] |21 |58 |0.36 |2000–2012 |- |5 | align="left" |Ikechukwu Uche |19 |46 |0.41 |2007–2014 |- |6 | align="left" |Obafemi Martins |18 |42 |0.43 |2004–2015 |- |7 | align="left" |Samson Siasia |17 |49 |0.35 |1984–1998 |- | rowspan="2" |8 | align="left" |'''[[Odion Ighalo]]''' |16 |37 |0.43 |2015–2019 |- | align="left" |'''[[Ahmed Musa]]''' |16 |111 |0.15 |2010–2025 |- |10 | align="left" |'''[[Kelechi Iheanacho]]''' |15 |55 |0.27 |2015-yanzu |} == Manazarta == lxcael66uyxz4zd63jrmnhddfzacsx1 0 149193 829985 2026-05-05T09:20:39Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1328396651|Nigeria at the FIFA World Cup]]" 829985 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:NIG-ARG_(2).jpg|thumb|230x230px|Kungiyar Najeriya a gasar cin [[Kofin kwallon kafar duniya ta 2018|Kofin Duniya na FIFA na 2018]] a Rasha]] '''Kofin Duniya na FIFA''' gasa ce ta kwallon kafa ta kasa da kasa da Ƙungiyoyin maza na ƙasa na membobin Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA), hukumar kula da wasanni ta duniya. An ba da kyautar gasar a kowace shekara huɗu tun daga gasar farko a 1930, sai dai a 1942 da 1946, saboda yakin duniya na biyu. Gasar ta kunshi sassa biyu, matakin cancanta da kuma matakin karshe (wanda ake kira a hukumance gasar cin kofin duniya). Ana amfani da matakin cancanta, wanda a halin yanzu ke faruwa a cikin shekaru uku da suka gabata kafin wasan karshe, don tantance waɗanne ƙungiyoyi suka cancanci wasan karshe. Tsarin yanzu na wasan karshe ya haɗa da ƙungiyoyi 48 da ke fafatawa don taken, a wuraren da ke cikin ƙasar da ke karɓar bakuncin (ko ƙasashe) a cikin kusan wata ɗaya. Gasar cin kofin duniya ita ce wasan da aka fi kallo a duniya, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Baker |first=Alison |date=3 November 2023 |title=The Most Watched Sporting Events in The World |url=https://www.roadtrips.com/blog/the-most-watched-sporting-events-in-the-world/ |access-date=12 January 2025 |website=Roadtrips}}</ref> tare da kimanin mutane miliyan 715.1 suna kallon wasan karshe na 2006. [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|Najeriya]] ta kai gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA sau shida, na farko a shekarar 1994 inda suka kai zagaye na biyu. Wasanni na shida kuma na baya-bayan nan shi ne gasar cin [[Kofin kwallon kafar duniya ta 2018|Kofin Duniya na FIFA na 2018]] a Rasha.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 November 2014 |title=Nigeria beat Ethiopia to book berth in Brazil |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/24974606 |access-date=30 January 2014 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> == Rubuce-rubucen gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA == == Dubi kuma == * Kasashen Afirka a gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA qiu8uw2rgvxv26k8vzbpxt1dfszeck6 829986 829985 2026-05-05T09:21:19Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 829986 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:NIG-ARG_(2).jpg|thumb|230x230px|Kungiyar Najeriya a gasar cin [[Kofin kwallon kafar duniya ta 2018|Kofin Duniya na FIFA na 2018]] a Rasha]] '''Kofin Duniya na FIFA''' gasa ce ta kwallon kafa ta kasa da kasa da Ƙungiyoyin maza na ƙasa na membobin Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA), hukumar kula da wasanni ta duniya. An ba da kyautar gasar a kowace shekara huɗu tun daga gasar farko a 1930, sai dai a 1942 da 1946, saboda yakin duniya na biyu. Gasar ta kunshi sassa biyu, matakin cancanta da kuma matakin karshe (wanda ake kira a hukumance gasar cin kofin duniya). Ana amfani da matakin cancanta, wanda a halin yanzu ke faruwa a cikin shekaru uku da suka gabata kafin wasan karshe, don tantance waɗanne ƙungiyoyi suka cancanci wasan karshe. Tsarin yanzu na wasan karshe ya haɗa da ƙungiyoyi 48 da ke fafatawa don taken, a wuraren da ke cikin ƙasar da ke karɓar bakuncin (ko ƙasashe) a cikin kusan wata ɗaya. Gasar cin kofin duniya ita ce wasan da aka fi kallo a duniya, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Baker |first=Alison |date=3 November 2023 |title=The Most Watched Sporting Events in The World |url=https://www.roadtrips.com/blog/the-most-watched-sporting-events-in-the-world/ |access-date=12 January 2025 |website=Roadtrips}}</ref> tare da kimanin mutane miliyan 715.1 suna kallon wasan karshe na 2006. [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|Najeriya]] ta kai gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA sau shida, na farko a shekarar 1994 inda suka kai zagaye na biyu. Wasanni na shida kuma na baya-bayan nan shi ne gasar cin [[Kofin kwallon kafar duniya ta 2018|Kofin Duniya na FIFA na 2018]] a Rasha.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 November 2014 |title=Nigeria beat Ethiopia to book berth in Brazil |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/24974606 |access-date=30 January 2014 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> == Rubuce-rubucen gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA == == Dubi kuma == * Kasashen Afirka a gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA == Manazarta == 54v6bwpq96fq6ipb3j1ls3c6im3laqx 0 149194 829987 2026-05-05T09:21:50Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1332896959|David Abwo]]" 829987 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''David Solomon Abwo''' (an haife shi a ranar 10 ga Mayu 1986) tsohon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|dan wasan kwallon kafa]] ne na Najeriya wanda ya taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|dan wasan tsakiya]]. == Ayyuka == An haifi Abwo a [[Jos]], Najeriya . A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2010, ya shiga kungiyar Zagłębie Lubin ta Poland a kan rancen rabin shekara daga Lombard Papa . A cikin 2017 Abwo ya shiga Ceyhanspor . A watan Janairun 2018, ya koma kulob din KTFF Süper Lig Çetinkaya a [[Arewacin Cyprus]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Sayfa |first=Ana |date=21 January 2018 |title=Çetinkaya yeni yabancısını buldu |url=http://www.sporyeni.com/cetinkaya-yeni-yabancisini-buldu-4692h.htm |access-date=28 April 2020 |website=sporyeni |language=Turkish}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1986]] j6g3bx52mqvevb6g1g38ncrzhqo5nmt 829988 829987 2026-05-05T09:22:08Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 829988 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Databox}} '''David Solomon Abwo''' (an haife shi a ranar 10 ga Mayu 1986) tsohon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|dan wasan kwallon kafa]] ne na Najeriya wanda ya taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|dan wasan tsakiya]]. == Ayyuka == An haifi Abwo a [[Jos]], Najeriya . A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2010, ya shiga kungiyar Zagłębie Lubin ta Poland a kan rancen rabin shekara daga Lombard Papa . A cikin 2017 Abwo ya shiga Ceyhanspor . A watan Janairun 2018, ya koma kulob din KTFF Süper Lig Çetinkaya a [[Arewacin Cyprus]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Sayfa |first=Ana |date=21 January 2018 |title=Çetinkaya yeni yabancısını buldu |url=http://www.sporyeni.com/cetinkaya-yeni-yabancisini-buldu-4692h.htm |access-date=28 April 2020 |website=sporyeni |language=Turkish}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1986]] l5o8u2thquf409bb9hze2e8g28yi5ed 0 149195 829989 2026-05-05T09:22:46Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1312579646|Nigeria women's national under-20 football team]]" 829989 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata 'yan kasa da shekaru 20 ta Najeriya''', wacce ake kira '''Falconets''', tana wakiltar Najeriya a gasar kwallon kafa ta matasa ta mata ta kasa da kasa. Babban aikinta shine ci gaban 'yan wasa a shirye-shiryen babbar [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Najeriya|Kungiyar mata ta kasa]]. Kungiyar ta yi gasa a gasa iri-iri, gami da gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA U-20 da kuma cancantar gasar cin kocin duniya ta mata U-20 ta Afirka, wadanda sune manyan gasa ga wannan rukunin shekaru. Kungiyar ta cancanci kowane fitowar gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA U-20 kuma ta kasance ta biyu sau biyu, ta sha kashi a hannun Jamus a lokuta biyu, a cikin 2010 da 2014. == Shirye-shiryen da sakamakon == [[Fayil:Nigeria_U-20_Women's_National_team_3.JPG|left|thumb|Hoton kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata 'yan kasa da shekaru 20 ta Najeriya]] == Ma'aikata == [[Hukumar Kwallon Kafar Najeriya|Ƙungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Najeriya]] ta sanar da tawagar kocin gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA U-20 ta 2022 a ranar 14 ga watan Agusta 2022. {| class="wikitable" !Matsayi !Sunan |- |Babban kocin |[[Christopher Danjuma]]{{Flagicon|Nigeria}} |- |Mataimakin kocin |Olanrewaju Wemimo Matthew{{Flagicon|Nigeria}} |- |Mataimakin kocin I |Musa Opuamowei Aduku{{Flagicon|Nigeria}} |- |Mataimakin kocin II |Ayyukan sadaka Nnedinma Enwere{{Flagicon|Nigeria}} |- |Mataimakin kocin III |Bilikis Aina Tijani{{Flagicon|Nigeria}} |- |Kocin kula da raga |Yahaya Audu{{Flagicon|Nigeria}} |} cj1apaq0ddjv42mgqb01mcwbaodv24c 829990 829989 2026-05-05T09:23:09Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 829990 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata 'yan kasa da shekaru 20 ta Najeriya''', wacce ake kira '''Falconets''', tana wakiltar Najeriya a gasar kwallon kafa ta matasa ta mata ta kasa da kasa. Babban aikinta shine ci gaban 'yan wasa a shirye-shiryen babbar [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Najeriya|Kungiyar mata ta kasa]]. Kungiyar ta yi gasa a gasa iri-iri, gami da gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA U-20 da kuma cancantar gasar cin kocin duniya ta mata U-20 ta Afirka, wadanda sune manyan gasa ga wannan rukunin shekaru. Kungiyar ta cancanci kowane fitowar gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA U-20 kuma ta kasance ta biyu sau biyu, ta sha kashi a hannun Jamus a lokuta biyu, a cikin 2010 da 2014. == Shirye-shiryen da sakamakon == [[Fayil:Nigeria_U-20_Women's_National_team_3.JPG|left|thumb|Hoton kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata 'yan kasa da shekaru 20 ta Najeriya]] == Ma'aikata == [[Hukumar Kwallon Kafar Najeriya|Ƙungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Najeriya]] ta sanar da tawagar kocin gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA U-20 ta 2022 a ranar 14 ga watan Agusta 2022. {| class="wikitable" !Matsayi !Sunan |- |Babban kocin |[[Christopher Danjuma]]{{Flagicon|Nigeria}} |- |Mataimakin kocin |Olanrewaju Wemimo Matthew{{Flagicon|Nigeria}} |- |Mataimakin kocin I |Musa Opuamowei Aduku{{Flagicon|Nigeria}} |- |Mataimakin kocin II |Ayyukan sadaka Nnedinma Enwere{{Flagicon|Nigeria}} |- |Mataimakin kocin III |Bilikis Aina Tijani{{Flagicon|Nigeria}} |- |Kocin kula da raga |Yahaya Audu{{Flagicon|Nigeria}} |} dnigklx72v12w6kzffbhowke0on4w0a 0 149196 829991 2026-05-05T09:23:31Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1346979814|List of Nigeria women's international footballers]]" 829991 wikitext text/x-wiki Wannan jerin sunayen 'yan wasan kwallon kafa na mata na kasa da kasa na Najeriya ne wadanda suka buga wa tawagar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Najeriya tun lokacin wasan farko a shekarar 1991. == 'Yan wasa == {| class="wikitable sortable" ! width="20%" |Sunan !Caps !Manufofin !Shekaru na ƙungiyar ƙasa !Kungiyar (s) |- |[[Perpetua Nkwocha|Nkwocha na dindindin]]<ref name="first">{{Cite web |last=Obiajuru |first=Nomso |year=2017 |title=International Women's Day: 4 female footballers who have made Nigeria proud |url=https://sports.naij.com/1092513-international-womens-day-4-female-footballers-nigeria-proud.html |website=Naij.com}}</ref> |99 <ref name="first" /> |80 <ref name="first" /> |? –2012 | |- |[[Maureen Mmadu]] |101 | |1993 - 2011 |Klepp IL, Kolbotn da Avaldsnes IL |- |[[Stella Mbachu]] |89 |20 | | |- |[[Nkiru Okosieme]] | | |1991-2003 |Mala'iku na Kogin, Charlotte Lady Eagles |- |[[Ann Chiejine]] | | | | |- |[[Ngozi Ezeocha]] | | | | |- |[[Adaku Okoroafor]] | | | | |- |[[Omo-Love Branch|Ofishin Omo-Love]] | | | | |- |[[Nkechi Mbilitam]] | | | | |- |[[Chioma Ajunwa]] | | | | |- |[[Rita Nwadike]] | | | | |- |[[Ngozi Eucharia Uche]] | | | | |- |[[Florence Omagbemi]] | | |1991-2004 | |- |[[Phoebe Ebimiekumo]] | | | | |- |[[Gift Showemimo|Kyautar Showemimo]] | | | | |- |[[Mavis Ogun]] | | | | |- |[[Edith Eluma]] | | | | |- |[[Ann Mukoro]] | | | | |- |[[Rachael Yamala]] | | | | |- |[[Yinka Kudaisi]] | | |1995-2008 |Taurari na Pelican |- |[[Prisca Emeafu]] | | | | |- |[[Mercy Akide|Rahama Akide]] | | | |<small>Garden City Queens, Jegede Babes, Ufuoma Babes, Pelican Stars, San Diego Spirit da Hampton Roads Piranhas</small> |- |[[Ugochi Opara]] | | | | |- |[[Patience Avre|Mai haƙuri Mai Girma]] | | | | |- |[[Adanna Nwaneri]] | | | | |- |[[Eberechi Opara]] | | | | |- |[[Florence Ajayi]] | | | | |- |[[Gloria Usieta]] | | | | |- |[[Judith Chime]] | | | | |- |[[Florence Iweta]] | | | | |- |[[Nkechi Egbe]] | | | | |- |[[Ifeanyi Chiejine]] | | | | |- |[[Efioanwan Ekpo]] | | | | |- |[[Bunmi Kayode]] | | | | |- |[[Onome Ebi]] | | | | |- |[[Olaitan Yusuf|Yusuf Olaitan]] | | | | |- |[[Faith Michael|Bangaskiya Ikidi]] | | | | |- |[[Precious Dede|Dede mai daraja]] |99<ref name="dede">{{Cite web |last=Odutola |first=Bowale |date=5 May 2017 |title=Ex-Falcons Goalie Dede begins advanced coaching coach |url=http://theeagleonline.com.ng/ex-falcons-goalie-dede-begins-advanced-coaching-coach/ |website=theeagleonline.com.ng}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Dede |first=Steve |date=28 March 2016 |title=Goalkeeper quits Super Falcons after 99 caps |url=http://pulse.ng/sports/football/precious-dede-goalkeeper-quits-super-falcons-after-99-caps-id4854222.html |website=Pulse.ng}}</ref> | | |<small>[[Delta Queens F.C.|Delta Queens]], Bayelsa Queens, Ibom Angels, [[Arna Bjornar]] da Al Wahda . <ref name="dede" /></small> |- |[[Vera Okolo]] | | | | |- |[[Ayisat Yusuf]] | | | | |- |[[Gift Otuwe|Kyautar Otuwe]] | | | | |- |[[Ogonna Chukwudi]] | | | | |- |[[Rita Chikwelu]] | | | | |- |[[Chi-Chi Igbo]] | | | | |- |[[Tochukwu Oluehi]] | | | | |- |[[Christie George]] | | | | |- |[[Rebecca Kalu]] | | | | |- |[[Osinachi Ohale]] | | | | |- |[[Helen Ukaonu]] | | | | |- |[[Ebere Orji]] | | | |Chioma Ajagba |- |[[Desire Oparanozie|Soyayya Oparanozie]] |37 (kamar yadda yake a 13 Fabrairu 2017) <ref name="opara">{{Cite web |last=admin |date=13 February 2017 |title=Super Falcons star, Oparanozie, continues goalscoring spree in France |url=http://www.qed.ng/?p=40917#.WQ3nb_nyvIU |website=qed.ng}}</ref> |22<ref name="opara" /> | |<small>[[Delta Queens F.C.|Delta Queens]], Bayelsa Queens, Guingamp, [[Atasehir Belediyespor]], Rossiyanka da VfL Wolfsburg (mata) </small><ref name="opara" /> |- |[[Glory Iroka|Darajar Iroka]] | | | | |- |[[Sarah Michael]] | | | | |- |[[Josephine Chukwunonye]] | | | | |- |[[Francisca Ordega]] | | | | |- |[[Ulunma Jerome]] | | | | |- |[[Uchechi Sunday|Uchechi Lahadi]] | | | | |- |[[Amenze Aighewi]] | | | | |- |[[Alaba Jonathan]] | | | | |- |[[Blessing Edoho|Albarka Edoho]] | | | | |- |[[Courtney Dike]] | | | | |- |[[Ini-Abasi Umotong|Iniabasi Umotong]] | | | | |- |[[Halimatu Ayinde]] | | | | |- |[[Ngozi Okobi-Okeoghene|Ngozi Okobi]] | | | | |- |[[Evelyn Nwabuoku]] |49 (kamar yadda yake a watan Yulin 2016) <ref name="captain">{{Cite web |last=admin |date=25 June 2016 |title=Done Deal: Super Falcons Captain, Nwabuoku Joins Guingamp On A Two-Year Deal |url=http://saharareporterssport.com/super-falcons-captain-nwabuoku-joins-oparanozie-at-guingamp-on-a-two-year-deal/ |website=saharareporterssports}}</ref> | | |Rivers Angels, Östersunds DFF da En Avant de Guingamp (Mata) <ref name="captain" /> |- |[[Ugo Njoku]] | | | | |- |[[Ibubeleye Whyte]] | | | | |- |[[Loveth Ayila|Ka so Ayila]] | | | | |- |Martina Ohadugha | | | | |- |[[Cecilia Nku]] | | | | |- |[[Asisat Oshoala]] | | | | |- |[[Ngozi Ebere]] | | | | |- |[[Christy Ohiaeriaku]] | | | | |- |[[Lilian Cole]] | | | | |- |[[Cynthia Uwak]] | | | | |- |[[Tawa Ishola]] | | | | |- |[[Felicia Eze]] | | | | |- |[[Edith Eduviere]] | | | | |- |[[Ajuma Ameh-Otache|Ajuma Ameh]] | | | | |- |[[Blessing Igbojionu|Albarka Igbojionu]] | | | | |- |[[Celestina Onyeka]] | | | | |- |[[Akudo Sabi]] | | | | |- |[[Chima Nwosu]] | | | | |- |[[Gift Monday|Kyauta Litinin]] | | |2019– |FC Robo |- |} == Dubi kuma == * [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Najeriya]] 9xo5mqv50zuk4lifyiw1kit678ggb3l 829993 829991 2026-05-05T09:23:55Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 829993 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Wannan jerin sunayen 'yan wasan kwallon kafa na mata na kasa da kasa na Najeriya ne wadanda suka buga wa tawagar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Najeriya tun lokacin wasan farko a shekarar 1991. == 'Yan wasa == {| class="wikitable sortable" ! width="20%" |Sunan !Caps !Manufofin !Shekaru na ƙungiyar ƙasa !Kungiyar (s) |- |[[Perpetua Nkwocha|Nkwocha na dindindin]]<ref name="first">{{Cite web |last=Obiajuru |first=Nomso |year=2017 |title=International Women's Day: 4 female footballers who have made Nigeria proud |url=https://sports.naij.com/1092513-international-womens-day-4-female-footballers-nigeria-proud.html |website=Naij.com}}</ref> |99 <ref name="first" /> |80 <ref name="first" /> |? –2012 | |- |[[Maureen Mmadu]] |101 | |1993 - 2011 |Klepp IL, Kolbotn da Avaldsnes IL |- |[[Stella Mbachu]] |89 |20 | | |- |[[Nkiru Okosieme]] | | |1991-2003 |Mala'iku na Kogin, Charlotte Lady Eagles |- |[[Ann Chiejine]] | | | | |- |[[Ngozi Ezeocha]] | | | | |- |[[Adaku Okoroafor]] | | | | |- |[[Omo-Love Branch|Ofishin Omo-Love]] | | | | |- |[[Nkechi Mbilitam]] | | | | |- |[[Chioma Ajunwa]] | | | | |- |[[Rita Nwadike]] | | | | |- |[[Ngozi Eucharia Uche]] | | | | |- |[[Florence Omagbemi]] | | |1991-2004 | |- |[[Phoebe Ebimiekumo]] | | | | |- |[[Gift Showemimo|Kyautar Showemimo]] | | | | |- |[[Mavis Ogun]] | | | | |- |[[Edith Eluma]] | | | | |- |[[Ann Mukoro]] | | | | |- |[[Rachael Yamala]] | | | | |- |[[Yinka Kudaisi]] | | |1995-2008 |Taurari na Pelican |- |[[Prisca Emeafu]] | | | | |- |[[Mercy Akide|Rahama Akide]] | | | |<small>Garden City Queens, Jegede Babes, Ufuoma Babes, Pelican Stars, San Diego Spirit da Hampton Roads Piranhas</small> |- |[[Ugochi Opara]] | | | | |- |[[Patience Avre|Mai haƙuri Mai Girma]] | | | | |- |[[Adanna Nwaneri]] | | | | |- |[[Eberechi Opara]] | | | | |- |[[Florence Ajayi]] | | | | |- |[[Gloria Usieta]] | | | | |- |[[Judith Chime]] | | | | |- |[[Florence Iweta]] | | | | |- |[[Nkechi Egbe]] | | | | |- |[[Ifeanyi Chiejine]] | | | | |- |[[Efioanwan Ekpo]] | | | | |- |[[Bunmi Kayode]] | | | | |- |[[Onome Ebi]] | | | | |- |[[Olaitan Yusuf|Yusuf Olaitan]] | | | | |- |[[Faith Michael|Bangaskiya Ikidi]] | | | | |- |[[Precious Dede|Dede mai daraja]] |99<ref name="dede">{{Cite web |last=Odutola |first=Bowale |date=5 May 2017 |title=Ex-Falcons Goalie Dede begins advanced coaching coach |url=http://theeagleonline.com.ng/ex-falcons-goalie-dede-begins-advanced-coaching-coach/ |website=theeagleonline.com.ng}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Dede |first=Steve |date=28 March 2016 |title=Goalkeeper quits Super Falcons after 99 caps |url=http://pulse.ng/sports/football/precious-dede-goalkeeper-quits-super-falcons-after-99-caps-id4854222.html |website=Pulse.ng}}</ref> | | |<small>[[Delta Queens F.C.|Delta Queens]], Bayelsa Queens, Ibom Angels, [[Arna Bjornar]] da Al Wahda . <ref name="dede" /></small> |- |[[Vera Okolo]] | | | | |- |[[Ayisat Yusuf]] | | | | |- |[[Gift Otuwe|Kyautar Otuwe]] | | | | |- |[[Ogonna Chukwudi]] | | | | |- |[[Rita Chikwelu]] | | | | |- |[[Chi-Chi Igbo]] | | | | |- |[[Tochukwu Oluehi]] | | | | |- |[[Christie George]] | | | | |- |[[Rebecca Kalu]] | | | | |- |[[Osinachi Ohale]] | | | | |- |[[Helen Ukaonu]] | | | | |- |[[Ebere Orji]] | | | |Chioma Ajagba |- |[[Desire Oparanozie|Soyayya Oparanozie]] |37 (kamar yadda yake a 13 Fabrairu 2017) <ref name="opara">{{Cite web |last=admin |date=13 February 2017 |title=Super Falcons star, Oparanozie, continues goalscoring spree in France |url=http://www.qed.ng/?p=40917#.WQ3nb_nyvIU |website=qed.ng}}</ref> |22<ref name="opara" /> | |<small>[[Delta Queens F.C.|Delta Queens]], Bayelsa Queens, Guingamp, [[Atasehir Belediyespor]], Rossiyanka da VfL Wolfsburg (mata) </small><ref name="opara" /> |- |[[Glory Iroka|Darajar Iroka]] | | | | |- |[[Sarah Michael]] | | | | |- |[[Josephine Chukwunonye]] | | | | |- |[[Francisca Ordega]] | | | | |- |[[Ulunma Jerome]] | | | | |- |[[Uchechi Sunday|Uchechi Lahadi]] | | | | |- |[[Amenze Aighewi]] | | | | |- |[[Alaba Jonathan]] | | | | |- |[[Blessing Edoho|Albarka Edoho]] | | | | |- |[[Courtney Dike]] | | | | |- |[[Ini-Abasi Umotong|Iniabasi Umotong]] | | | | |- |[[Halimatu Ayinde]] | | | | |- |[[Ngozi Okobi-Okeoghene|Ngozi Okobi]] | | | | |- |[[Evelyn Nwabuoku]] |49 (kamar yadda yake a watan Yulin 2016) <ref name="captain">{{Cite web |last=admin |date=25 June 2016 |title=Done Deal: Super Falcons Captain, Nwabuoku Joins Guingamp On A Two-Year Deal |url=http://saharareporterssport.com/super-falcons-captain-nwabuoku-joins-oparanozie-at-guingamp-on-a-two-year-deal/ |website=saharareporterssports}}</ref> | | |Rivers Angels, Östersunds DFF da En Avant de Guingamp (Mata) <ref name="captain" /> |- |[[Ugo Njoku]] | | | | |- |[[Ibubeleye Whyte]] | | | | |- |[[Loveth Ayila|Ka so Ayila]] | | | | |- |Martina Ohadugha | | | | |- |[[Cecilia Nku]] | | | | |- |[[Asisat Oshoala]] | | | | |- |[[Ngozi Ebere]] | | | | |- |[[Christy Ohiaeriaku]] | | | | |- |[[Lilian Cole]] | | | | |- |[[Cynthia Uwak]] | | | | |- |[[Tawa Ishola]] | | | | |- |[[Felicia Eze]] | | | | |- |[[Edith Eduviere]] | | | | |- |[[Ajuma Ameh-Otache|Ajuma Ameh]] | | | | |- |[[Blessing Igbojionu|Albarka Igbojionu]] | | | | |- |[[Celestina Onyeka]] | | | | |- |[[Akudo Sabi]] | | | | |- |[[Chima Nwosu]] | | | | |- |[[Gift Monday|Kyauta Litinin]] | | |2019– |FC Robo |- |} == Dubi kuma == * [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Najeriya]] 8wrtpbxtzbrea5kw0er7w5nuw64vn29 0 149197 829994 2026-05-05T09:24:18Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1346849775|List of Nigeria women's national football team managers]]" 829994 wikitext text/x-wiki Wannan jerin sunayen manajojin '''[[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Najeriya]]''' ne, wanda ya fara daga wasan farko na kasa da kasa a 1991 har zuwa yau. Babban kocin na yanzu shi ne Ba'amurke Randy Waldrum . == Tarihin manajan == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Sunan !Ranar farawa !Ranar ƙarshe !Bayani !Ref |- |Jo Bonfrere | | |ta jagoranci Najeriya a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA ta 1991, a lokaci guda tare da tawagar maza ta Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Anthony |first=Janine |date=14 April 2016 |title=China '91, 25 years on: Celebrating the Nigeria Super Falcons |url=http://www.unusualefforts.com/nigeria-super-falcons/ |access-date=20 August 2019 |publisher=Unusual Efforts}}</ref> | |- |[[Paul Hamilton (Ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa)|Paul Hamilton]] | | |an dauke shi a matsayin kocin farko na tawagar mata ta kasa; ya jagoranci Najeriya a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA ta 1995 | |- |[[Mabo Ismaila|Ismaila Mabo]] | | |ya jagoranci Najeriya zuwa wasan karshe na kwata a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA ta 1999, don haka an dauke shi a matsayin kocin da ya fi cin nasara; ya jagoranci Najeriya ga Wasannin Olympics na 2004 da 2004<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 June 1999 |title=WOMEN'S WORLD CUP; Flamboyant Nigeria Plays Exuberantly |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1999/06/23/sports/women-s-world-cup-flamboyant-nigeria-plays-exuberantly.html |access-date=2018-05-27 |website=New York Times}}</ref> | |- |[[Samuel Okpodu]] |2002 | |ya jagoranci Najeriya a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA ta 2003Kofin Duniya na Mata na FIFA na 2003 | |- |[[Godwin Izilien]] | | |ya gudanar da Najeriya don lashe gasar zakarun mata ta Afirka ta 2004 | |- |[[Ntiero Effiom]] | | |ya jagoranci Najeriya a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA ta 2007; ya jagoranci Najeriya ta lashe Wasannin Afirka na 2003 <ref>{{Cite web |last=Sotuminu |first=Dapo |date=14 January 2018 |title=Nigerian national team coaches that died in penury |url=https://newtelegraphonline.com/2018/01/nigerian-national-team-coaches-died-penury/ |access-date=2018-05-10 |website=New Telegraph}}</ref> | |- |[[Joseph Ladipo]] | | |ya jagoranci Najeriya a Wasannin Olympics na 2008; ya jagoranci Najeriya ta lashe Wasannin Afirka na 2007; ya jagoranci Najeriya zuwa matsayi na uku a gasar zakarun mata ta Afirka ta 2008 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigeria/Ghana: 2008 African Women Championship - Super Falcons Begin Campaign Against Ghana Today |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200811180993.html |access-date=2018-05-11 |website=Leadership}}</ref> | |- |[[Ngozi Eucharia Uche|Uche Eucharia]] | |Oktoba 2011 |ya jagoranci Najeriya ta lashe gasar zakarun mata ta Afirka ta 2010; ya jagoranci Najeriya a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Mata ta FIFA ta 2011 |<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 October 2011 |title=Eucharia Uche, Super Falcons Coach, Sacked |url=https://news2.onlinenigeria.com/news/top-stories/117201-eucharia-uche-super-falcons-coach-sacked.html}}</ref> |- |[[Kadiri Ikhana]] |Afrilu 2012 |Nuwamba 2012 |ya jagoranci Najeriya zuwa matsayi na huɗu a Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2012 | |- |Edwin Okon | |Yuni 2015 |ya jagoranci Najeriya ta lashe gasar zakarun mata ta Afirka ta 2014; ya jagoranci Najeriya a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Mata ta FIFA ta 2015 |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Edwin Okon fired, interim coach Danjuma takes over Super Falcons {{!}} Goal.com |url=https://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/12072/nigeria-women/2015/06/29/13149412/edwin-okon-fired-interim-coach-danjuma-takes-over-super}}</ref> |- |[[Christopher Danjuma]] | |Satumba 2015 |ya jagoranci Najeriya zuwa matsayi na huɗu a Wasannin Afirka na 2015 |<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 February 2016 |title=NFF Appoints Florence Omagbemi Super Falcons Coach |url=https://silverbirdtv.com/uncategorized/25095/nff-appoints-florence-omagbemi-super-falcons-coach/}}</ref> |- |[[Florence Omagbemi]] |Fabrairu 2016 |Disamba 2016 |ya jagoranci Najeriya ta lashe gasar cin kofin mata ta Afirka ta 2016Kofin Kasashen Mata na Afirka na 2016 |<ref>https://sg.news.yahoo.com/florence-omagbemi-appointed-interim-coach-071200397.html {{Dead link|date=February 2022}}</ref> |- |Thomas Dennerby |Janairu 2018 |Oktoba 2019 |ya jagoranci Najeriya ta lashe gasar cin kofin mata ta WAFU ta 20192019 WAFU Yankin B Kofin Mata |<ref>{{Cite web |last=admin |date=25 January 2018 |title=NFF signs top Swedish coach, Dennerby, for Super Falcons |url=http://www.thenff.com/2018/01/nff-signs-top-swedish-coach-dennerby-for-super-falcons/ |access-date=2018-04-30 |website=[[Nigeria Football Federation]]}}</ref> |- |Randy Waldrum |Oktoba 2020 |2024 |ya jagoranci Najeriya zuwa matsayi na huɗu a gasar cin kofin Afirka ta mata ta 2022; ya jagoranci Najeriya a gasar cin Kofin Duniya ta Mata ta 2023 da kuma gasar Olympics ta 2024, ta farko tun 2008. |<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 October 2020 |title=OFFICIAL: NFF Announce Randy Waldrum AS New Super Falcons Head Coach |url=https://www.mysportdab.com/2020/10/nff-announce-waldrum-as-new-super-falcons-head-coach/ |access-date=6 October 2020 |website=MySportDab |publisher=Adedotun}}</ref> |} == Manazarta == ijcq66fbvwwcg3xf80j4tmmh3vxqk58 829995 829994 2026-05-05T09:24:44Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 829995 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Wannan jerin sunayen manajojin '''[[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Najeriya]]''' ne, wanda ya fara daga wasan farko na kasa da kasa a 1991 har zuwa yau. Babban kocin na yanzu shi ne Ba'amurke Randy Waldrum . == Tarihin manajan == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Sunan !Ranar farawa !Ranar ƙarshe !Bayani !Ref |- |Jo Bonfrere | | |ta jagoranci Najeriya a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA ta 1991, a lokaci guda tare da tawagar maza ta Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Anthony |first=Janine |date=14 April 2016 |title=China '91, 25 years on: Celebrating the Nigeria Super Falcons |url=http://www.unusualefforts.com/nigeria-super-falcons/ |access-date=20 August 2019 |publisher=Unusual Efforts}}</ref> | |- |[[Paul Hamilton (Ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa)|Paul Hamilton]] | | |an dauke shi a matsayin kocin farko na tawagar mata ta kasa; ya jagoranci Najeriya a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA ta 1995 | |- |[[Mabo Ismaila|Ismaila Mabo]] | | |ya jagoranci Najeriya zuwa wasan karshe na kwata a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA ta 1999, don haka an dauke shi a matsayin kocin da ya fi cin nasara; ya jagoranci Najeriya ga Wasannin Olympics na 2004 da 2004<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 June 1999 |title=WOMEN'S WORLD CUP; Flamboyant Nigeria Plays Exuberantly |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1999/06/23/sports/women-s-world-cup-flamboyant-nigeria-plays-exuberantly.html |access-date=2018-05-27 |website=New York Times}}</ref> | |- |[[Samuel Okpodu]] |2002 | |ya jagoranci Najeriya a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA ta 2003Kofin Duniya na Mata na FIFA na 2003 | |- |[[Godwin Izilien]] | | |ya gudanar da Najeriya don lashe gasar zakarun mata ta Afirka ta 2004 | |- |[[Ntiero Effiom]] | | |ya jagoranci Najeriya a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA ta 2007; ya jagoranci Najeriya ta lashe Wasannin Afirka na 2003 <ref>{{Cite web |last=Sotuminu |first=Dapo |date=14 January 2018 |title=Nigerian national team coaches that died in penury |url=https://newtelegraphonline.com/2018/01/nigerian-national-team-coaches-died-penury/ |access-date=2018-05-10 |website=New Telegraph}}</ref> | |- |[[Joseph Ladipo]] | | |ya jagoranci Najeriya a Wasannin Olympics na 2008; ya jagoranci Najeriya ta lashe Wasannin Afirka na 2007; ya jagoranci Najeriya zuwa matsayi na uku a gasar zakarun mata ta Afirka ta 2008 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigeria/Ghana: 2008 African Women Championship - Super Falcons Begin Campaign Against Ghana Today |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200811180993.html |access-date=2018-05-11 |website=Leadership}}</ref> | |- |[[Ngozi Eucharia Uche|Uche Eucharia]] | |Oktoba 2011 |ya jagoranci Najeriya ta lashe gasar zakarun mata ta Afirka ta 2010; ya jagoranci Najeriya a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Mata ta FIFA ta 2011 |<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 October 2011 |title=Eucharia Uche, Super Falcons Coach, Sacked |url=https://news2.onlinenigeria.com/news/top-stories/117201-eucharia-uche-super-falcons-coach-sacked.html}}</ref> |- |[[Kadiri Ikhana]] |Afrilu 2012 |Nuwamba 2012 |ya jagoranci Najeriya zuwa matsayi na huɗu a Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2012 | |- |Edwin Okon | |Yuni 2015 |ya jagoranci Najeriya ta lashe gasar zakarun mata ta Afirka ta 2014; ya jagoranci Najeriya a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Mata ta FIFA ta 2015 |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Edwin Okon fired, interim coach Danjuma takes over Super Falcons {{!}} Goal.com |url=https://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/12072/nigeria-women/2015/06/29/13149412/edwin-okon-fired-interim-coach-danjuma-takes-over-super}}</ref> |- |[[Christopher Danjuma]] | |Satumba 2015 |ya jagoranci Najeriya zuwa matsayi na huɗu a Wasannin Afirka na 2015 |<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 February 2016 |title=NFF Appoints Florence Omagbemi Super Falcons Coach |url=https://silverbirdtv.com/uncategorized/25095/nff-appoints-florence-omagbemi-super-falcons-coach/}}</ref> |- |[[Florence Omagbemi]] |Fabrairu 2016 |Disamba 2016 |ya jagoranci Najeriya ta lashe gasar cin kofin mata ta Afirka ta 2016Kofin Kasashen Mata na Afirka na 2016 |<ref>https://sg.news.yahoo.com/florence-omagbemi-appointed-interim-coach-071200397.html {{Dead link|date=February 2022}}</ref> |- |Thomas Dennerby |Janairu 2018 |Oktoba 2019 |ya jagoranci Najeriya ta lashe gasar cin kofin mata ta WAFU ta 20192019 WAFU Yankin B Kofin Mata |<ref>{{Cite web |last=admin |date=25 January 2018 |title=NFF signs top Swedish coach, Dennerby, for Super Falcons |url=http://www.thenff.com/2018/01/nff-signs-top-swedish-coach-dennerby-for-super-falcons/ |access-date=2018-04-30 |website=[[Nigeria Football Federation]]}}</ref> |- |Randy Waldrum |Oktoba 2020 |2024 |ya jagoranci Najeriya zuwa matsayi na huɗu a gasar cin kofin Afirka ta mata ta 2022; ya jagoranci Najeriya a gasar cin Kofin Duniya ta Mata ta 2023 da kuma gasar Olympics ta 2024, ta farko tun 2008. |<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 October 2020 |title=OFFICIAL: NFF Announce Randy Waldrum AS New Super Falcons Head Coach |url=https://www.mysportdab.com/2020/10/nff-announce-waldrum-as-new-super-falcons-head-coach/ |access-date=6 October 2020 |website=MySportDab |publisher=Adedotun}}</ref> |} == Manazarta == gsczepfk84zsda0tjyq8qxyowsos9b0 0 149198 829996 2026-05-05T09:25:04Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1351232019|Jo Bonfrère]]" 829996 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Johannes-Franciscus Bonfrère''' (an haife shi a ranar 15 ga watan Yunin shekara ta 1946) shi ne kocin [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] na Holland kuma tsohon dan wasan da ya shafe dukkan aikinsa na wasa tare da MVV . A cikin babban aikin horarwa, Bonfrère ya jagoranci kungiyoyi da yawa a Afirka da Asiya. Ya jagoranci Najeriya zuwa nasara a Wasannin Olympics na 1996. == Ayyukan wasa == [[Mai buga tsakiya|dan wasan tsakiya]], tsakanin 1963 da 1985 Bonfrère ya zira kwallaye 50 a wasanni 335 na MVV, kulob dinsa daya tilo. == Ayyukan horarwa == === Najeriya === Bonfrère ya jagoranci tawagar [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|Najeriya]] ta kasa da shekaru 23 zuwa lambar zinare a Wasannin Olympics na 1996 a [[Atlanta]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-10-26 |title=Jo Bonfrere want a come back to Nigeria |url=http://www.timmynaija.com/blog/2009/10/26/jo-bonfrere-want-a-come-back-nigeria/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111009121108/http://www.timmynaija.com/blog/2009/10/26/jo-bonfrere-want-a-come-back-nigeria/ |archive-date=9 October 2011}}</ref> Ya kuma jagoranci [[Najeriya]] zuwa gasar cin [[Gasar Kofin Kasashen Afrika ta 2000|Kofin Kasashen Afirka na 2000]] wanda Najeriya da [[Ghana]] suka shirya. Bonfrère ya jagoranci Super Eagles zuwa wasan karshe, inda suka rasa [[Ƙungiyar kwallon kafar Kamaru|Kamaru]] a kan hukuncin kisa. A ranar 7 ga watan Yunin 2018, gwamnatin Najeriya ta ba Bonfrère ɗaki mai dakuna uku, a matsayin wani ɓangare na alkawarin da [[Sani Abacha|Janar Sani Abacha]] ya yi bayan ya lashe lambar zinare a wasannin Olympics na Atlanta. === Koriya ta Kudu === An hayar Bonfrère don horar da tawagar Koriya ta Kudu a watan Yunin 2004 don maye gurbin Humberto Coelho, wanda aka tilasta masa ya bar bayan ya zana tare da Maldives a gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA. Kocin Dutch ya fara farawa mai kyau ta hanyar murkushe tawagar Jamus mai daraja na taurari na gasar cin [[Kofin kwallon kafa na FIFA na duniya|Kofin Duniya]] kamar Michael Ballack da Oliver Kahn, 3-1, tare da ƙungiyar matasa ta Koriya a wasan sada zumunci a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2004. A shekara ta 2005, Koriya ta Kudu ta cancanci Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta FIFA ta 2006 a karkashinsa, amma jerin asarar da suka faru daga baya sun haifar da fushin magoya baya da kafofin watsa labarai a kan Bonfrère.<ref>{{Cite web |title=People's Daily Online -- KFA to discuss fate of head coach Jo Bonfrere |url=http://english.people.com.cn/200508/20/print20050820_203614.html |access-date=2018-07-10 |website=english.people.com.cn}}</ref> Bonfrère ya yi murabus a ranar 23 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 2005 bayan mummunan sakamako a gasar cin kofin kwallon kafa ta gabashin Asiya da kuma rashin nasarar cin kofin duniya da Saudi Arabia. Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Koriya ta hayar da Dick Advocaat a matsayin kocin Holland na uku, tare da Advocaat ya fusata wanda ya riga shi ta hanyar cewa zai zama wani Guus Hiddink, ba Bonfrère ba. [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1946]] 8t8bs1g1060c0ki1vr8a9ydfck1y7dx 829997 829996 2026-05-05T09:25:36Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 829997 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Johannes-Franciscus Bonfrère''' (an haife shi a ranar 15 ga watan Yunin shekara ta 1946) shi ne kocin [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] na Holland kuma tsohon dan wasan da ya shafe dukkan aikinsa na wasa tare da MVV . A cikin babban aikin horarwa, Bonfrère ya jagoranci kungiyoyi da yawa a Afirka da Asiya. Ya jagoranci Najeriya zuwa nasara a Wasannin Olympics na 1996. == Ayyukan wasa == [[Mai buga tsakiya|dan wasan tsakiya]], tsakanin 1963 da 1985 Bonfrère ya zira kwallaye 50 a wasanni 335 na MVV, kulob dinsa daya tilo. == Ayyukan horarwa == === Najeriya === Bonfrère ya jagoranci tawagar [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|Najeriya]] ta kasa da shekaru 23 zuwa lambar zinare a Wasannin Olympics na 1996 a [[Atlanta]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-10-26 |title=Jo Bonfrere want a come back to Nigeria |url=http://www.timmynaija.com/blog/2009/10/26/jo-bonfrere-want-a-come-back-nigeria/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111009121108/http://www.timmynaija.com/blog/2009/10/26/jo-bonfrere-want-a-come-back-nigeria/ |archive-date=9 October 2011}}</ref> Ya kuma jagoranci [[Najeriya]] zuwa gasar cin [[Gasar Kofin Kasashen Afrika ta 2000|Kofin Kasashen Afirka na 2000]] wanda Najeriya da [[Ghana]] suka shirya. Bonfrère ya jagoranci Super Eagles zuwa wasan karshe, inda suka rasa [[Ƙungiyar kwallon kafar Kamaru|Kamaru]] a kan hukuncin kisa. A ranar 7 ga watan Yunin 2018, gwamnatin Najeriya ta ba Bonfrère ɗaki mai dakuna uku, a matsayin wani ɓangare na alkawarin da [[Sani Abacha|Janar Sani Abacha]] ya yi bayan ya lashe lambar zinare a wasannin Olympics na Atlanta. === Koriya ta Kudu === An hayar Bonfrère don horar da tawagar Koriya ta Kudu a watan Yunin 2004 don maye gurbin Humberto Coelho, wanda aka tilasta masa ya bar bayan ya zana tare da Maldives a gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA. Kocin Dutch ya fara farawa mai kyau ta hanyar murkushe tawagar Jamus mai daraja na taurari na gasar cin [[Kofin kwallon kafa na FIFA na duniya|Kofin Duniya]] kamar Michael Ballack da Oliver Kahn, 3-1, tare da ƙungiyar matasa ta Koriya a wasan sada zumunci a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2004. A shekara ta 2005, Koriya ta Kudu ta cancanci Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta FIFA ta 2006 a karkashinsa, amma jerin asarar da suka faru daga baya sun haifar da fushin magoya baya da kafofin watsa labarai a kan Bonfrère.<ref>{{Cite web |title=People's Daily Online -- KFA to discuss fate of head coach Jo Bonfrere |url=http://english.people.com.cn/200508/20/print20050820_203614.html |access-date=2018-07-10 |website=english.people.com.cn}}</ref> Bonfrère ya yi murabus a ranar 23 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 2005 bayan mummunan sakamako a gasar cin kofin kwallon kafa ta gabashin Asiya da kuma rashin nasarar cin kofin duniya da Saudi Arabia. Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Koriya ta hayar da Dick Advocaat a matsayin kocin Holland na uku, tare da Advocaat ya fusata wanda ya riga shi ta hanyar cewa zai zama wani Guus Hiddink, ba Bonfrère ba. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1946]] 60u3bcwmyfpdqgc6ahmy8rvl8fw3xoj 0 149199 829998 2026-05-05T09:25:56Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345698581|Thomas Dennerby]]" 829998 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Thomas Lennart Dennerby''' (an haife shi a ranar 13 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1959) shi ne kocin [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] na Sweden. Ya jagoranci Sweden zuwa matsayi na uku a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Mata ta FIFA ta 2011. Ya yi aiki na karshe a matsayin babban kocin Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Indiya. == Ayyuka == Dennerby, tsohon kocin kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Najeriya wanda aka fi sani da super Falcons a baya ya kasance dan wasa a Hammarby IF <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 October 2019 |title=Thomas Dennerby |url=http://www.mondedufoot.fr/fiche_du_joueur/thomas-dennerby/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191011114018/http://www.mondedufoot.fr/fiche_du_joueur/thomas-dennerby/ |archive-date=11 October 2019 |access-date=11 October 2019 |website=mondedufoot.fr}}</ref> da Spårvägens IF, da kuma kungiyar U21 ta kasa. Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin jami'in 'yan sanda. A matsayinsa na koci, ya lashe Allsvenskan tare da Hammarby IF a shekara ta 2001, kuma Damallsvenskan tare na Djurgården / Älvsjö.<ref>{{Cite web |title=uefa |url=http://www.uefa.com/competitions/woco/teams/team=500127/kindstatic=1/index.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090908004423/http://www.uefa.com/competitions/woco/teams/team=500127/kindstatic=1/index.html |archive-date=8 September 2009}}</ref> Ana iya ganin Dennerby a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen Talabijin na Sveriges Television The Other Sport daga 2013. Ya zama manajan [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Najeriya|tawagar mata ta Najeriya]] a watan Janairun 2018. Ya yi murabus a watan Oktoba 2019. A ranar 9 ga Nuwamba 2019, All India Football Federation (AIFF) ta nada Dennerby a matsayin babban kocin tawagar mata ta Indiya U17 wacce za ta shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA U-17 ta 2020 a matsayin mai karbar bakuncin gasar. Daga baya Thomas Dennerby ya ɗauki alhakin a matsayin Babban Kocin Ƙungiyar Mata ta Indiya a watan Agustan 2021. == Daraja == === Mutumin da ya fi so === * Manajan Sweden na Shekara (ƙwallon ƙafa na mata) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Övriga utmärkelser — fogis.se |url=https://fogis.se/fotbollsgalan/tidigare-vinnare/ovriga-utmarkelser/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180831224652/http://fogis.se/fotbollsgalan/tidigare-vinnare/ovriga-utmarkelser/ |archive-date=31 August 2018 |access-date=11 October 2019 |website=fogis.se}}</ref> (1): 2004 * [[Kyautar CAF]] - Kocin Mata na Shekara (wanda aka zaba) == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1959]] r62d3x35cp5hmlwj0m365wtz5w20dg9 829999 829998 2026-05-05T09:26:18Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 829999 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Thomas Lennart Dennerby''' (an haife shi a ranar 13 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1959) shi ne kocin [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] na Sweden. Ya jagoranci Sweden zuwa matsayi na uku a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Mata ta FIFA ta 2011. Ya yi aiki na karshe a matsayin babban kocin Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Indiya. == Ayyuka == Dennerby, tsohon kocin kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Najeriya wanda aka fi sani da super Falcons a baya ya kasance dan wasa a Hammarby IF <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 October 2019 |title=Thomas Dennerby |url=http://www.mondedufoot.fr/fiche_du_joueur/thomas-dennerby/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191011114018/http://www.mondedufoot.fr/fiche_du_joueur/thomas-dennerby/ |archive-date=11 October 2019 |access-date=11 October 2019 |website=mondedufoot.fr}}</ref> da Spårvägens IF, da kuma kungiyar U21 ta kasa. Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin jami'in 'yan sanda. A matsayinsa na koci, ya lashe Allsvenskan tare da Hammarby IF a shekara ta 2001, kuma Damallsvenskan tare na Djurgården / Älvsjö.<ref>{{Cite web |title=uefa |url=http://www.uefa.com/competitions/woco/teams/team=500127/kindstatic=1/index.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090908004423/http://www.uefa.com/competitions/woco/teams/team=500127/kindstatic=1/index.html |archive-date=8 September 2009}}</ref> Ana iya ganin Dennerby a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen Talabijin na Sveriges Television The Other Sport daga 2013. Ya zama manajan [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Najeriya|tawagar mata ta Najeriya]] a watan Janairun 2018. Ya yi murabus a watan Oktoba 2019. A ranar 9 ga Nuwamba 2019, All India Football Federation (AIFF) ta nada Dennerby a matsayin babban kocin tawagar mata ta Indiya U17 wacce za ta shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA U-17 ta 2020 a matsayin mai karbar bakuncin gasar. Daga baya Thomas Dennerby ya ɗauki alhakin a matsayin Babban Kocin Ƙungiyar Mata ta Indiya a watan Agustan 2021. == Daraja == === Mutumin da ya fi so === * Manajan Sweden na Shekara (ƙwallon ƙafa na mata) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Övriga utmärkelser — fogis.se |url=https://fogis.se/fotbollsgalan/tidigare-vinnare/ovriga-utmarkelser/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180831224652/http://fogis.se/fotbollsgalan/tidigare-vinnare/ovriga-utmarkelser/ |archive-date=31 August 2018 |access-date=11 October 2019 |website=fogis.se}}</ref> (1): 2004 * [[Kyautar CAF]] - Kocin Mata na Shekara (wanda aka zaba) == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1959]] o80y2kfh9p6ii7qsih3yzgzo1kktxsz 0 149200 830000 2026-05-05T09:26:49Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345507549|Justine Madugu]]" 830000 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Justin Pwanidi Madugu''' (an haife shi a ranar 19 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1964) shi ne kocin kwallon kafa na Najeriya kuma jami'in. Shi ne manajan [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Najeriya|Kungiyar mata ta Najeriya]] a yanzu. == Ayyukan gudanarwa == Madugu ta zama wani ɓangare na ma'aikatan horar da tawagar mata ta Najeriya daga 2012 zuwa gaba. Ya kuma horar da kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Najeriya aƙalla har zuwa 2018.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-05-04 |title=Nigeria joins World Minifootball Federation, unveils players – The Regular News |url=https://theregularnews.com.ng/nigeria-joins-world-minifootball-federation-unveils-players/ |access-date=2023-08-05 |language=en-GB}}</ref> Daga baya ya horar da [[Adamawa United F.C.|Adamawa United]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tunde Williams |date=2021-06-14 |title=Coach Justine Madugu savors important win over River United |url=https://www.brila.net/coach-justine-madugu-savors-important-win-over-river-united/ |access-date=2023-08-05 |website=Latest Sports News In Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref> kuma ya koma tawagar mata ta Najeriya a watan Nuwamba 2021. <ref>{{Cite web |last=admin |date=2021-11-05 |title=NEW SUPER FALCONS COACHES BRING NEW VISION TO TEAM |url=https://thestreetjournal.org/new-super-falcons-coaches-bring-new-vision-to-team/ |access-date=2023-08-05 |website=The Street Journal |language=en-US}}</ref> An kuma lissafa shi a matsayin kocin Plateau United a kakar 2022-23. Ya shiga tare da tawagar a gasar cin kofin Confederation da kuma Gasar Zakarun Turai.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Justine Pwanidi Madugu Trainer Plateau Utd: Titel, Karriere, Alter |url=https://www.fussballtransfers.com/trainer/justine-pwanidi-madugu |access-date=2023-08-05 |language=de}}</ref> A watan Yunin 2023, an zabe shi Sakataren Kudi na FA na Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-06-23 |title=Adamawa born Justin emerges Fin Sec of Nigeria Football coaches Association |url=https://tgnews.com.ng/2023/06/23/adamawa-born-justin-emerges-fin-sec-of-nigeria-football-coaches-association/ |access-date=2023-08-05 |website=TG NEWS |language=en-GB}}</ref> A ranar 7 ga watan Agustan 2025, an zabi Madugu don kyautar Ballon d'Or Team Coach of the Year. == Daraja == === Manajan === '''Kasashen Duniya''' * Kofin Kasashen Afirka na Mata: 2024 == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1964]] 5g8oml7nlmsawkt0wccnn4jra9oahha 830001 830000 2026-05-05T09:27:09Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 830001 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Justin Pwanidi Madugu''' (an haife shi a ranar 19 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1964) shi ne kocin kwallon kafa na Najeriya kuma jami'in. Shi ne manajan [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Najeriya|Kungiyar mata ta Najeriya]] a yanzu. == Ayyukan gudanarwa == Madugu ta zama wani ɓangare na ma'aikatan horar da tawagar mata ta Najeriya daga 2012 zuwa gaba. Ya kuma horar da kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Najeriya aƙalla har zuwa 2018.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-05-04 |title=Nigeria joins World Minifootball Federation, unveils players – The Regular News |url=https://theregularnews.com.ng/nigeria-joins-world-minifootball-federation-unveils-players/ |access-date=2023-08-05 |language=en-GB}}</ref> Daga baya ya horar da [[Adamawa United F.C.|Adamawa United]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tunde Williams |date=2021-06-14 |title=Coach Justine Madugu savors important win over River United |url=https://www.brila.net/coach-justine-madugu-savors-important-win-over-river-united/ |access-date=2023-08-05 |website=Latest Sports News In Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref> kuma ya koma tawagar mata ta Najeriya a watan Nuwamba 2021. <ref>{{Cite web |last=admin |date=2021-11-05 |title=NEW SUPER FALCONS COACHES BRING NEW VISION TO TEAM |url=https://thestreetjournal.org/new-super-falcons-coaches-bring-new-vision-to-team/ |access-date=2023-08-05 |website=The Street Journal |language=en-US}}</ref> An kuma lissafa shi a matsayin kocin Plateau United a kakar 2022-23. Ya shiga tare da tawagar a gasar cin kofin Confederation da kuma Gasar Zakarun Turai.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Justine Pwanidi Madugu Trainer Plateau Utd: Titel, Karriere, Alter |url=https://www.fussballtransfers.com/trainer/justine-pwanidi-madugu |access-date=2023-08-05 |language=de}}</ref> A watan Yunin 2023, an zabe shi Sakataren Kudi na FA na Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-06-23 |title=Adamawa born Justin emerges Fin Sec of Nigeria Football coaches Association |url=https://tgnews.com.ng/2023/06/23/adamawa-born-justin-emerges-fin-sec-of-nigeria-football-coaches-association/ |access-date=2023-08-05 |website=TG NEWS |language=en-GB}}</ref> A ranar 7 ga watan Agustan 2025, an zabi Madugu don kyautar Ballon d'Or Team Coach of the Year. == Daraja == === Manajan === '''Kasashen Duniya''' * Kofin Kasashen Afirka na Mata: 2024 == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1964]] 3j2vz0syu5wkq4rwpuhwk5c5n2d96bf 0 149201 830002 2026-05-05T09:27:51Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1346975803|Edwin Okon]]" 830002 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Edwin Edem Okon''' <ref name="fullname">{{Cite web |last=admin |date=24 November 2014 |title=EXCLUSIVE: Interview With Edwin Edem Okon |url=http://www.sl10.ng/news/articles/categories/nigeria-interviews/interview-with-rivers-angels-head-coach-edwin-edem-okon/193533 |website=sl10.ng}}{{Dead link|date=December 2019|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> (an haife shi a ranar 19 ga Oktoba 1970 <ref name="age">{{Cite web |last=admin |date=4 September 2013 |title=WHO IS EDWIN OKON? FIND OUT |url=http://www.savidnews.com/who-is-edwin-okon-find-out/ |website=Savidnews.com}}</ref>) shi ne babban kocin Ibom Angels . An haife shi a [[Cross River|Jihar Cross River]], Okon ya sami takardar shaidar kocin daga cibiyar wasanni a [[Lagos (jiha)|Jihar Legas]].<ref name="age" /> Bayan gazawar Najeriya ta lashe gasar zakarun mata ta Afirka ta 2012, da kuma murabus din kocin [[Kadiri Ikhana]], an nada Okon a matsayin kocin [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Najeriya|Super Falcons]] na wucin gadi a shekarar 2013. <ref name="interim">{{Cite web |last=Oludare |first=Shina |date=21 August 2013 |title=Edwin Okon appointed Super Falcons caretaker head coach |url=http://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/4093/nigerian-football/2013/08/21/4201560/edwin-okon-appointed-super-falcons-caretaker-head-coach |website=Goal.com}}</ref> Rashin nasarar Najeriya ta ci gaba zuwa zagaye na knockout a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Mata ta FIFA ta 2015 ya haifar da saiti na Okon da Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Najeriya ta maye gurbinsa da mataimakinsa, Christopher Danjuma a kan wani lokaci.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dede |first=Steve |date=29 June 2015 |title=NFF fire Super Falcons coach |url=http://pulse.ng/sports/football/edwin-okon-nff-fire-super-falcons-coach-id3919739.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180626030619/http://www.pulse.ng/sports/football/edwin-okon-nff-fire-super-falcons-coach-id3919739.html |archive-date=26 June 2018 |access-date=5 May 2017 |website=Pulse.ng}}</ref> == Daraja == === A cikin gida === A matsayin manajan Rivers Angels F.C. ==== Ƙungiyar ==== * 2012 Nigeria Women Premier League - masu cin gaba * 2013 Nigeria Women Premier League - masu cin gaba <ref>{{Cite web |last=Njoku |first=Humphrey |date=19 July 2013 |title=Rivers dream for double intact |url=https://www.supersport.com/football/nigeria/news/130719/Rivers_dream_for_double_intact?fb_comment_id=529157497138454_5272194#f1728392521aab |website=Supersport.com}}</ref> * 2014 Nigeria Women Premier League - masu nasara <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ahmadu |first=Samuel |date=27 November 2014 |title=Rivers Angels are Nigeria women league champions |url=http://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/4111/npfl/2014/11/27/6551141/rivers-angels-are-nigeria-women-league-champions |website=Goal.com}}</ref> * 2015 Nigeria Women Premier League - masu nasara <ref>{{Cite web |last=admin |date=1 September 2015 |title=Women League Warns Rivers Angel Boss, Edwin Okon; Rewards Precious Edewor |url=http://www.allnigeriasoccer.com/read_news.php?nid=16106 |website=allnigeriasoccer.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ahmadu |first=Samuel |date=6 November 2015 |title=Rivers Angels retain Nigeria Women Premier League title |url=http://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/12072/nigeria-women/2015/11/06/17023072/rivers-angels-retain-nigeria-women-premier-league-title |website=Goal.com}}</ref> * 2016 Nigeria Women Premier League - masu nasara ==== Kofin ==== * 2012 Federation Cup - masu nasara <ref>{{Cite web |last=admin |date=19 June 2014 |title=Celebrating Edwin Okon |url=http://www.sl10.ng/news/articles/countries/Nigeria/sl10-takes-a-look-at-falconets-coach-edwin-okon/166366 |website=sl10.ng}}</ref> * 2013 Federation Cup - masu nasara <ref>{{Cite web |last=Adebowale |first=Segun |date=15 September 2013 |title=Rivers Angels win 2013 Federation Cup |url=http://theeagleonline.com.ng/rivers-angels-win-2013-federation-cup/ |website=theeagleonline.com.ng}}</ref> * 2014 Federation Cup - masu nasara <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ahmadu |first=Samuel |date=25 November 2014 |title=Oshoala, Nwabuoku attribute Rivers Angels victory to hard work |url=http://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/5502/federation-cup/2014/11/25/6434441/oshoala-nwabuoku-attribute-rivers-angels-victory-to-hard |website=Goal.com}}</ref> * 2016 [[Gasar cin Kofi ta Matan Najeriya|Kofin Tarayya]] - masu nasara <ref>{{Cite web |last=Asaolu |first=Tolu |date=13 September 2016 |title=Fed Cup: We deserve to win- Okon |url=http://www.futaa.com/news/fed-cup-we-deserve-to-win-okon |website=futaa.com}}{{Dead link|date=February 2024|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> === Kasashen Duniya === * 2012 FIFA U-20 Kofin Duniya na Mata - matsayi na huɗu * Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2014 - masu nasara == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1970]] 56yw5hvrqx2lnbmbobtol0g96vn9h1p 830003 830002 2026-05-05T09:28:11Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 830003 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Edwin Edem Okon''' <ref name="fullname">{{Cite web |last=admin |date=24 November 2014 |title=EXCLUSIVE: Interview With Edwin Edem Okon |url=http://www.sl10.ng/news/articles/categories/nigeria-interviews/interview-with-rivers-angels-head-coach-edwin-edem-okon/193533 |website=sl10.ng}}{{Dead link|date=December 2019|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> (an haife shi a ranar 19 ga Oktoba 1970 <ref name="age">{{Cite web |last=admin |date=4 September 2013 |title=WHO IS EDWIN OKON? FIND OUT |url=http://www.savidnews.com/who-is-edwin-okon-find-out/ |website=Savidnews.com}}</ref>) shi ne babban kocin Ibom Angels . An haife shi a [[Cross River|Jihar Cross River]], Okon ya sami takardar shaidar kocin daga cibiyar wasanni a [[Lagos (jiha)|Jihar Legas]].<ref name="age" /> Bayan gazawar Najeriya ta lashe gasar zakarun mata ta Afirka ta 2012, da kuma murabus din kocin [[Kadiri Ikhana]], an nada Okon a matsayin kocin [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Najeriya|Super Falcons]] na wucin gadi a shekarar 2013. <ref name="interim">{{Cite web |last=Oludare |first=Shina |date=21 August 2013 |title=Edwin Okon appointed Super Falcons caretaker head coach |url=http://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/4093/nigerian-football/2013/08/21/4201560/edwin-okon-appointed-super-falcons-caretaker-head-coach |website=Goal.com}}</ref> Rashin nasarar Najeriya ta ci gaba zuwa zagaye na knockout a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Mata ta FIFA ta 2015 ya haifar da saiti na Okon da Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Najeriya ta maye gurbinsa da mataimakinsa, Christopher Danjuma a kan wani lokaci.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dede |first=Steve |date=29 June 2015 |title=NFF fire Super Falcons coach |url=http://pulse.ng/sports/football/edwin-okon-nff-fire-super-falcons-coach-id3919739.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180626030619/http://www.pulse.ng/sports/football/edwin-okon-nff-fire-super-falcons-coach-id3919739.html |archive-date=26 June 2018 |access-date=5 May 2017 |website=Pulse.ng}}</ref> == Daraja == === A cikin gida === A matsayin manajan Rivers Angels F.C. ==== Ƙungiyar ==== * 2012 Nigeria Women Premier League - masu cin gaba * 2013 Nigeria Women Premier League - masu cin gaba <ref>{{Cite web |last=Njoku |first=Humphrey |date=19 July 2013 |title=Rivers dream for double intact |url=https://www.supersport.com/football/nigeria/news/130719/Rivers_dream_for_double_intact?fb_comment_id=529157497138454_5272194#f1728392521aab |website=Supersport.com}}</ref> * 2014 Nigeria Women Premier League - masu nasara <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ahmadu |first=Samuel |date=27 November 2014 |title=Rivers Angels are Nigeria women league champions |url=http://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/4111/npfl/2014/11/27/6551141/rivers-angels-are-nigeria-women-league-champions |website=Goal.com}}</ref> * 2015 Nigeria Women Premier League - masu nasara <ref>{{Cite web |last=admin |date=1 September 2015 |title=Women League Warns Rivers Angel Boss, Edwin Okon; Rewards Precious Edewor |url=http://www.allnigeriasoccer.com/read_news.php?nid=16106 |website=allnigeriasoccer.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ahmadu |first=Samuel |date=6 November 2015 |title=Rivers Angels retain Nigeria Women Premier League title |url=http://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/12072/nigeria-women/2015/11/06/17023072/rivers-angels-retain-nigeria-women-premier-league-title |website=Goal.com}}</ref> * 2016 Nigeria Women Premier League - masu nasara ==== Kofin ==== * 2012 Federation Cup - masu nasara <ref>{{Cite web |last=admin |date=19 June 2014 |title=Celebrating Edwin Okon |url=http://www.sl10.ng/news/articles/countries/Nigeria/sl10-takes-a-look-at-falconets-coach-edwin-okon/166366 |website=sl10.ng}}</ref> * 2013 Federation Cup - masu nasara <ref>{{Cite web |last=Adebowale |first=Segun |date=15 September 2013 |title=Rivers Angels win 2013 Federation Cup |url=http://theeagleonline.com.ng/rivers-angels-win-2013-federation-cup/ |website=theeagleonline.com.ng}}</ref> * 2014 Federation Cup - masu nasara <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ahmadu |first=Samuel |date=25 November 2014 |title=Oshoala, Nwabuoku attribute Rivers Angels victory to hard work |url=http://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/5502/federation-cup/2014/11/25/6434441/oshoala-nwabuoku-attribute-rivers-angels-victory-to-hard |website=Goal.com}}</ref> * 2016 [[Gasar cin Kofi ta Matan Najeriya|Kofin Tarayya]] - masu nasara <ref>{{Cite web |last=Asaolu |first=Tolu |date=13 September 2016 |title=Fed Cup: We deserve to win- Okon |url=http://www.futaa.com/news/fed-cup-we-deserve-to-win-okon |website=futaa.com}}{{Dead link|date=February 2024|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> === Kasashen Duniya === * 2012 FIFA U-20 Kofin Duniya na Mata - matsayi na huɗu * Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2014 - masu nasara == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1970]] 2b6almay8l6puelymr6kavci0qe5k18 0 149202 830004 2026-05-05T09:28:32Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1344963364|Randy Waldrum]]" 830004 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Randy Marlon Waldrum''' (an haife shi a ranar 25 ga Satumba, 1956) tsohon dan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka, darektan fasaha na yanzu na ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙwallon mata ta Jami'ar Pittsburgh Panthers, kuma ita ce babban kocin ƙungiyar ƙwakar mata ta Najeriya. == Ayyukan horarwa == Ya fara aikin horar da shi a Kwalejin Austin a shekarar 1982, inda ya jagoranci kungiyar kwallon kafa ta maza zuwa rikodin 4-12-1. A shekara ta 1988, shi ne babban kocin kwallon kafa na maza a Jami'ar Texas Wesleyan, kuma ya tara rikodin 6-10. Daga 1989 zuwa 1994, ya horar da kungiyoyin kwallon kafa na maza da na mata a Jami'ar Tulsa . Ya sanya rikodin 66-33-6 tare da maza, da kuma rikodin 61-36-9 tare da mata. A shekara ta 1996, ya kafa shirin kwallon kafa na mata na Jami'ar Baylor, kuma ya tafi 46-14-3 daga 1996 zuwa 1998. Ya kasance babban kocin kwallon kafa na mata a Jami'ar Notre Dame daga 1999 zuwa 2013, inda rikodin tawagar a cikin yanayi 15 ya kasance 292-58-17. Waldrum ya jagoranci tawagar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Notre Dame zuwa gasar zakarun kasa biyu, a 2004 da 2010. Wasan da ya yi a shekarar 2010 shi ne wasan 300 a Notre Dame . Kungiyar fadada Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Mata ta Kasa ta 2014 Houston Dash ta kira Waldrum a matsayin kocin farko na tawagar. Waldrum ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru uku kafin kakar 2014 da kuma tsawaita shekara guda don kakar 2017, amma ya bar matsayin kocin a ranar 29 ga Mayu, 2017, bayan mako na bakwai na kakar 2017. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Corey Roepken |date=May 29, 2017 |title=Dash part ways with coach Randy Waldrum |url=http://www.chron.com/sports/dynamo/article/Dash-part-ways-with-coach-Randy-Waldrum-11180680.php |access-date=May 29, 2017 |publisher=[[Houston Chronicle]]}}</ref> A karkashin Waldrum, Dash tana da rikodin 19-39-13 kuma ba ta shiga wasan kwaikwayo na league ba.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Corey Roepken |date=May 29, 2017 |title=@RipSports: BREAKING: The Dash and coach Randy Waldrum have parted ways. He was 19–39–13 in three-plus years. Was hired before inaugural season in 2014. |url=https://twitter.com/RipSports/status/869259465488510976 |access-date=May 29, 2017}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta mutum == Waldrum 'yar asalin Irving ce, Texas, kuma ta kammala karatu daga Makarantar Sakandare ta MacArthur a 1975. An shigar da shi cikin Gidan Wasanni na Gundumar Irving Independent School a shekarar 2014. <ref>{{Cite web |year=2014 |title=Athletic Department: 2014 Hall of Fame Inductees |url=https://www.irvingisd.net/cms/lib/TX50000716/Centricity/Domain/91/Hall%20of%20Fame%20Recipients%202014.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220617204002/https://www.irvingisd.net/cms/lib/TX50000716/Centricity/Domain/91/Hall%20of%20Fame%20Recipients%202014.pdf |archive-date=June 17, 2022 |access-date=June 17, 2022 |publisher=[[Irving Independent School District]] |page=2}}</ref> Shi da matarsa Dianna suna da ɗa ɗaya, Ben Waldrum, wanda shine babban kocin a ƙarƙashin mahaifinsa na Pittsburgh Panthers . <ref>{{Cite web |date=May 9, 2019 |title=Randy Waldrum |url=https://und.com/coach/randy-waldrum/ |access-date=June 17, 2022 |publisher=[[Notre Dame Fighting Irish]]}}</ref> == Dubi kuma == * Jerin kocin kwallon kafa na mata na kwaleji ya lashe shugabannin == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1956]] ogczk82j7igx0n1fq6dvhjyvld9w7ez 830005 830004 2026-05-05T09:28:52Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 830005 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Randy Marlon Waldrum''' (an haife shi a ranar 25 ga Satumba, 1956) tsohon dan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka, darektan fasaha na yanzu na ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙwallon mata ta Jami'ar Pittsburgh Panthers, kuma ita ce babban kocin ƙungiyar ƙwakar mata ta Najeriya. == Ayyukan horarwa == Ya fara aikin horar da shi a Kwalejin Austin a shekarar 1982, inda ya jagoranci kungiyar kwallon kafa ta maza zuwa rikodin 4-12-1. A shekara ta 1988, shi ne babban kocin kwallon kafa na maza a Jami'ar Texas Wesleyan, kuma ya tara rikodin 6-10. Daga 1989 zuwa 1994, ya horar da kungiyoyin kwallon kafa na maza da na mata a Jami'ar Tulsa . Ya sanya rikodin 66-33-6 tare da maza, da kuma rikodin 61-36-9 tare da mata. A shekara ta 1996, ya kafa shirin kwallon kafa na mata na Jami'ar Baylor, kuma ya tafi 46-14-3 daga 1996 zuwa 1998. Ya kasance babban kocin kwallon kafa na mata a Jami'ar Notre Dame daga 1999 zuwa 2013, inda rikodin tawagar a cikin yanayi 15 ya kasance 292-58-17. Waldrum ya jagoranci tawagar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Notre Dame zuwa gasar zakarun kasa biyu, a 2004 da 2010. Wasan da ya yi a shekarar 2010 shi ne wasan 300 a Notre Dame . Kungiyar fadada Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Mata ta Kasa ta 2014 Houston Dash ta kira Waldrum a matsayin kocin farko na tawagar. Waldrum ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru uku kafin kakar 2014 da kuma tsawaita shekara guda don kakar 2017, amma ya bar matsayin kocin a ranar 29 ga Mayu, 2017, bayan mako na bakwai na kakar 2017. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Corey Roepken |date=May 29, 2017 |title=Dash part ways with coach Randy Waldrum |url=http://www.chron.com/sports/dynamo/article/Dash-part-ways-with-coach-Randy-Waldrum-11180680.php |access-date=May 29, 2017 |publisher=[[Houston Chronicle]]}}</ref> A karkashin Waldrum, Dash tana da rikodin 19-39-13 kuma ba ta shiga wasan kwaikwayo na league ba.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Corey Roepken |date=May 29, 2017 |title=@RipSports: BREAKING: The Dash and coach Randy Waldrum have parted ways. He was 19–39–13 in three-plus years. Was hired before inaugural season in 2014. |url=https://twitter.com/RipSports/status/869259465488510976 |access-date=May 29, 2017}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta mutum == Waldrum 'yar asalin Irving ce, Texas, kuma ta kammala karatu daga Makarantar Sakandare ta MacArthur a 1975. An shigar da shi cikin Gidan Wasanni na Gundumar Irving Independent School a shekarar 2014. <ref>{{Cite web |year=2014 |title=Athletic Department: 2014 Hall of Fame Inductees |url=https://www.irvingisd.net/cms/lib/TX50000716/Centricity/Domain/91/Hall%20of%20Fame%20Recipients%202014.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220617204002/https://www.irvingisd.net/cms/lib/TX50000716/Centricity/Domain/91/Hall%20of%20Fame%20Recipients%202014.pdf |archive-date=June 17, 2022 |access-date=June 17, 2022 |publisher=[[Irving Independent School District]] |page=2}}</ref> Shi da matarsa Dianna suna da ɗa ɗaya, Ben Waldrum, wanda shine babban kocin a ƙarƙashin mahaifinsa na Pittsburgh Panthers . <ref>{{Cite web |date=May 9, 2019 |title=Randy Waldrum |url=https://und.com/coach/randy-waldrum/ |access-date=June 17, 2022 |publisher=[[Notre Dame Fighting Irish]]}}</ref> == Dubi kuma == * Jerin kocin kwallon kafa na mata na kwaleji ya lashe shugabannin == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1956]] otmfk8xrx2ra1gej8vnl00z1xif38t2 0 149203 830006 2026-05-05T09:29:17Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1352436208|Football at the 2000 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament]]" 830006 wikitext text/x-wiki {| {{Medallists}} |- | valign=top | {{flagIOC|NOR|2000 Summer}}<hr />[[Gro Espeseth]]<br />[[Bente Nordby]]<br />[[Marianne Pettersen]]<br />[[Hege Riise]]<br />[[Kristin Bekkevold]]<br />[[Ragnhild Gulbrandsen]]<br />[[Solveig Gulbrandsen]]<br />[[Margunn Haugenes]]<br />[[Ingeborg Hovland]]<br />[[Christine Bøe Jensen]]<br />[[Silje Jørgensen]]<br />[[Monica Knudsen]]<br />[[Gøril Kringen]]<br />[[Anne Tønnessen]]<br />[[Unni Lehn]]<br />[[Dagny Mellgren]]<br />[[Anita Rapp]]<br />[[Brit Sandaune]]<br />[[Bente Kvitland]] | valign=top | {{flagIOC|USA|2000 Summer}}<hr />[[Brandi Chastain]]<br />[[Joy Fawcett]]<br />[[Julie Foudy]]<br />[[Mia Hamm]]<br />[[Michelle French]]<br />[[Kristine Lilly]]<br />[[Tiffeny Milbrett]]<br />[[Carla Overbeck]]<br />[[Cindy Parlow]]<br />[[Briana Scurry]]<br />[[Lorrie Fair]]<br />[[Shannon MacMillan]]<br />[[Siri Mullinix]]<br />[[Christie Pearce]]<br />[[Nikki Serlenga]]<br />[[Danielle Slaton]]<br />[[Kate Markgraf|Kate Sobrero]]<br />[[Sara Whalen]] | valign=top | {{flagIOC|GER|2000 Summer}}<hr />[[Ariane Hingst]]<br />[[Melanie Hoffmann]]<br />[[Steffi Jones]]<br />[[Renate Lingor]]<br />[[Maren Meinert]]<br />[[Sandra Minnert]]<br />[[Claudia Müller (footballer)|Claudia Müller]]<br />[[Birgit Prinz]]<br />[[Silke Rottenberg]]<br />[[Kerstin Stegemann]]<br />[[Bettina Wiegmann]]<br />[[Tina Wunderlich]]<br />[[Nicole Brandebusemeyer]]<br />[[Nadine Angerer]]<br />[[Doris Fitschen]]<br />[[Jeannette Götte]]<br />[[Stefanie Gottschlich]]<br />[[Inka Grings]] |}{{col-float-begin}} ;Africa ([[Confederation of African Football|CAF]]) *{{Fbw|NGA}} ;Asia ([[Asian Football Confederation|AFC]]) *{{Fbw|CHN}} ;North and Central America ([[CONCACAF]]) *{{Fbw|USA}} {{col-float-break}} ;South America ([[CONMEBOL]]) *{{Fbw|BRA}} ;Europe ([[UEFA]]) *{{Fbw|GER}} *{{Fbw|NOR}} *{{Fbw|SWE}} ;;Oceania ([[Oceania Football Confederation|OFC]]) *{{Fbw|AUS}} – host nation {{col-float-end}}The '''football tournament at the 2000 Summer Olympics''' was the second edition of the women's Olympic football tournament and was held from 13 to 28 September 2000.<ref>{{Cite web |last=White |first=Joseph |title=Norway Beats U.S. to Win Soccer Gold – ABC News |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Sports/story?id=100388&page=1 |access-date=15 September 2012 |publisher=Abcnews.go.com}}</ref> It was hosted at three venues along the Eastern side of Australia with matches being held in [[Sydney]], [[Kanberra|Canberra]] and [[Melbourne]]. Gasar ta kunshi kungiyoyin mata takwas na kasa daga kungiyoyi shida na nahiyoyi tare da cancantar da ta fito daga gasar cin Kofin Duniya na shekarar da ta gabata. Kungiyoyin takwas sun shiga cikin rukuni biyu na hudu kuma kowane rukuni yana buga Gasar zagaye. A ƙarshen matakin rukuni, manyan kungiyoyi biyu sun ci gaba zuwa matakin knockout, farawa da wasan kusa da na karshe kuma sun ƙare da wasan zinare a Filin wasan kwallon kafa na Sydney. A ƙarshen matakin rukuni, Brazil, Jamus, Norway da Amurka sun cancanci zuwa matakin knockout. Bayan Norway da Amurka dukansu sun lashe wasan kusa da na karshe, an buga wasan karshe a ranar 28 ga Satumba 2000. Wasan zai tafi karin lokaci, tare da kwallon hannu mai rikitarwa a minti na 102 daga Dagny Mellgren wanda ya sami lambar zinare ta Norway yayin da suka ci 3-2. Jamus ta lashe lambar tagulla ta doke Brazil 2-0. == Wadanda suka lashe lambar yabo == == Wuraren da ake ciki == An gudanar da gasar a wurare uku a cikin birane uku: * Filin Wasan Bruce, [[Kanberra|Canberra]] * Filin Wasan Kurket na Melbourne, [[Melbourne]] * Filin Wasan Kwallo na Sydney, [[Sydney]] == cancanta == 'Yan wasan karshe bakwai mafi kyau a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA ta 1999 da kuma kasar da ta karbi bakuncin Australia sun cancanci gasar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Olympics ta 2000. == Manazarta == sgv68ibq4g79fjmgcvfvvce8nsg7k0u 830009 830006 2026-05-05T09:30:01Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1352436208|Football at the 2000 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament]]" 830009 wikitext text/x-wiki {{col-float-begin}} ;Africa ([[Confederation of African Football|CAF]]) *{{Fbw|NGA}} ;Asia ([[Asian Football Confederation|AFC]]) *{{Fbw|CHN}} ;North and Central America ([[CONCACAF]]) *{{Fbw|USA}} {{col-float-break}} ;South America ([[CONMEBOL]]) *{{Fbw|BRA}} ;Europe ([[UEFA]]) *{{Fbw|GER}} *{{Fbw|NOR}} *{{Fbw|SWE}} ;;Oceania ([[Oceania Football Confederation|OFC]]) *{{Fbw|AUS}} – host nation {{col-float-end}}'''Gasar ƙwallon ƙafa a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2000''' ita ce bugu na biyu na gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata ta Olympics kuma an gudanar da ita daga 13 zuwa 28 ga Satumba, 2000. <ref>{{Cite web |last=White |first=Joseph |title=Norway Beats U.S. to Win Soccer Gold – ABC News |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Sports/story?id=100388&page=1 |access-date=15 September 2012 |publisher=Abcnews.go.com}}</ref> An shirya ta a wurare uku a gefen gabashin Ostiraliya tare da yin wasanni a [[Sydney]], [[Kanberra|Canberra]] da [[Melbourne]] . Gasar ta kunshi kungiyoyin mata takwas na kasa daga kungiyoyi shida na nahiyoyi tare da cancantar da ta fito daga gasar cin Kofin Duniya na shekarar da ta gabata. Kungiyoyin takwas sun shiga cikin rukuni biyu na hudu kuma kowane rukuni yana buga Gasar zagaye. A ƙarshen matakin rukuni, manyan kungiyoyi biyu sun ci gaba zuwa matakin knockout, farawa da wasan kusa da na karshe kuma sun ƙare da wasan zinare a Filin wasan kwallon kafa na Sydney. A ƙarshen matakin rukuni, Brazil, Jamus, Norway da Amurka sun cancanci zuwa matakin knockout. Bayan Norway da Amurka dukansu sun lashe wasan kusa da na karshe, an buga wasan karshe a ranar 28 ga Satumba 2000. Wasan zai tafi karin lokaci, tare da kwallon hannu mai rikitarwa a minti na 102 daga Dagny Mellgren wanda ya sami lambar zinare ta Norway yayin da suka ci 3-2. Jamus ta lashe lambar tagulla ta doke Brazil 2-0. == Wadanda suka lashe lambar yabo == == Wuraren da ake ciki == An gudanar da gasar a wurare uku a cikin birane uku: * Filin Wasan Bruce, [[Kanberra|Canberra]] * Filin Wasan Kurket na Melbourne, [[Melbourne]] * Filin Wasan Kwallo na Sydney, [[Sydney]] == cancanta == 'Yan wasan karshe bakwai mafi kyau a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA ta 1999 da kuma kasar da ta karbi bakuncin Australia sun cancanci gasar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Olympics ta 2000. == Manazarta == p96a3ujg9io9nbpx67h4594zakckn8z 830012 830009 2026-05-05T09:31:40Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 830012 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Gasar ta kunshi kungiyoyin mata takwas na kasa daga kungiyoyi shida na nahiyoyi tare da cancantar da ta fito daga gasar cin Kofin Duniya na shekarar da ta gabata. Kungiyoyin takwas sun shiga cikin rukuni biyu na hudu kuma kowane rukuni yana buga Gasar zagaye. A ƙarshen matakin rukuni, manyan kungiyoyi biyu sun ci gaba zuwa matakin knockout, farawa da wasan kusa da na karshe kuma sun ƙare da wasan zinare a Filin wasan kwallon kafa na Sydney. A ƙarshen matakin rukuni, Brazil, Jamus, Norway da Amurka sun cancanci zuwa matakin knockout. Bayan Norway da Amurka dukansu sun lashe wasan kusa da na karshe, an buga wasan karshe a ranar 28 ga Satumba 2000. Wasan zai tafi karin lokaci, tare da kwallon hannu mai rikitarwa a minti na 102 daga Dagny Mellgren wanda ya sami lambar zinare ta Norway yayin da suka ci 3-2. Jamus ta lashe lambar tagulla ta doke Brazil 2-0. == Wadanda suka lashe lambar yabo == == Wuraren da ake ciki == An gudanar da gasar a wurare uku a cikin birane uku: * Filin Wasan Bruce, [[Kanberra|Canberra]] * Filin Wasan Kurket na Melbourne, [[Melbourne]] * Filin Wasan Kwallo na Sydney, [[Sydney]] == cancanta == 'Yan wasan karshe bakwai mafi kyau a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA ta 1999 da kuma kasar da ta karbi bakuncin Australia sun cancanci gasar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Olympics ta 2000. == Manazarta == pb9yz94m2fejcl09fwtod9quwx4iqpb 0 149204 830007 2026-05-05T09:29:32Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1325464908|Steven Edwards (footballer)]]" 830007 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Steven Edwards''' (an haife shi a ranar 15 ga Janairu 1991) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] ɗan ƙasar Holland wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya na baya]] ga Capelle . == Sana'a == === Aikin kulob === Ya taɓa bugawa NAC da Achilles '29 . <ref>[https://www.gelderlander.nl/achilles-29/achilles-29-trekt-steven-edwards-aan~a8323d55/ Achilles'29 trekt Steven Edwards aan] – Gelderlander {{In lang|nl}}</ref> A ranar 20 ga Oktoba 2019, Edwards ya koma kulob din Royal Cappellen na Belgium. [1] Ya koma Netherlands a watan Janairun 2020 don ya koma SteDoCo kan yarjejeniyar sauran kakar wasa. [2] A ranar 24 ga Fabrairun 2020, an tsawaita kwangilarsa har zuwa bazara na 2021. [3] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1991]] 94bxhndbn5jcnza1zr2k95r8tsln94q 830008 830007 2026-05-05T09:29:56Z Sardeeq 39275 830008 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Steven Edwards''' (an haife shi a ranar 15 ga Janairu 1991) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] ɗan ƙasar Holland wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya na baya]] ga Capelle . == Sana'a == === Aikin kulob === Ya taɓa bugawa NAC da Achilles '29 . <ref>[https://www.gelderlander.nl/achilles-29/achilles-29-trekt-steven-edwards-aan~a8323d55/ Achilles'29 trekt Steven Edwards aan] – Gelderlander {{In lang|nl}}</ref> A ranar 20 ga Oktoba 2019, Edwards ya koma kulob din Royal Cappellen na Belgium. [1] Ya koma Netherlands a watan Janairun 2020 don ya koma SteDoCo kan yarjejeniyar sauran kakar wasa. [2] A ranar 24 ga Fabrairun 2020, an tsawaita kwangilarsa har zuwa bazara na 2021. [3] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1991]] oukigxgbg2ki4158cc6n6gy9kk5yjmr 0 149205 830010 2026-05-05T09:30:57Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1343095589|Jesse Edge]]" 830010 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jesse Marshall Thompson Edge''' (an haife shi a ranar 26 ga Fabrairu 1995) ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon]] ƙafa ne [[New Zealand|na New Zealand]] wanda ke taka leda a ƙungiyar Norra ta Sweden mai son Division 1 don IFK Berga . Bayan New Zealand, ya buga wasa a Sweden, Netherlands, Slovakia, da Italiya galibi a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 June 2019 |title=Jesse Edge: The New Zealander Living The Dream In Europe |url=https://worldfootballindex.com/2019/06/jesse-edge-new-zealand-in-europe/ |publisher=worldfootballindex.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Slovakia next stop on Jesse Edge's football odyssey |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/sport/football/world-game/107263269/slovakia-next-stop-on-jesse-edges-football-odyssey |publisher=stuff.co.nz}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Teen's pro dream comes true in Italy |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/bay-of-plenty-times/news/exclusive-football-teens-pro-dream-comes-true-in-italy/PBUVMG4XI67EPCCD3HGIYLTKSA/ |publisher=nzherald.co.nz}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=15 October 2014 |title=The Edge project |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/sport/football-the-edge-project/COU3FZMCF3QE2WZMHH3D7N5QGE/ |publisher=nzherald.co.nz}}</ref> == Aikin kulob == Ya fara buga wasa a Eerste Division don Achilles '29 a ranar 20 ga Janairu 2017 a wasan da suka yi da NAC Breda . <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 January 2017 |title=Game Report by Soccerway |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2017/01/20/netherlands/eerste-divisie/nac-bv/achilles-1929/2240749/ |publisher=Soccerway}}</ref> Daga nan ya koma cikin 2018 zuwa ƙwararrun kulob din FK Železiarne Podbrezová a cikin Slovak First Football League . Edge ya bar Slovakia a watan Agusta na 2019 bayan bai karɓi albashinsa na Yuro 300 a kowane wata ba. Daga nan ya koma Netherlands ya yi gwaji da DFS, kafin ya sanya hannu da kulob din a ƙarshen watan. A watan Agusta na 2020, ya koma ƙungiyar 'yan wasan Sweden ta IFK Berga a ƙungiyar Division 1 ta Norra <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 August 2020 |title=New Zealand duo sign for Swedish club |url=https://oceaniafootballcenter.org/2020/08/06/new-zealand-duo-sign-for-swedish-club/}}</ref> A watan Janairun 2022, ya koma ƙungiyar 'yan wasan Sweden ta Lunds BK a ƙungiyar Division 1 Sodra kafin ya koma IFK Malmo a watan Agusta har zuwa ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2022 a matsayin kocin ƙungiyar mata 'yan ƙasa da shekara 12. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1995]] 5t8g9zmu9vusq0douj5v1dnfm6vt6mq 830011 830010 2026-05-05T09:31:18Z Sardeeq 39275 830011 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Jesse Marshall Thompson Edge''' (an haife shi a ranar 26 ga Fabrairu 1995) ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon]] ƙafa ne [[New Zealand|na New Zealand]] wanda ke taka leda a ƙungiyar Norra ta Sweden mai son Division 1 don IFK Berga . Bayan New Zealand, ya buga wasa a Sweden, Netherlands, Slovakia, da Italiya galibi a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 June 2019 |title=Jesse Edge: The New Zealander Living The Dream In Europe |url=https://worldfootballindex.com/2019/06/jesse-edge-new-zealand-in-europe/ |publisher=worldfootballindex.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Slovakia next stop on Jesse Edge's football odyssey |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/sport/football/world-game/107263269/slovakia-next-stop-on-jesse-edges-football-odyssey |publisher=stuff.co.nz}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Teen's pro dream comes true in Italy |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/bay-of-plenty-times/news/exclusive-football-teens-pro-dream-comes-true-in-italy/PBUVMG4XI67EPCCD3HGIYLTKSA/ |publisher=nzherald.co.nz}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=15 October 2014 |title=The Edge project |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/sport/football-the-edge-project/COU3FZMCF3QE2WZMHH3D7N5QGE/ |publisher=nzherald.co.nz}}</ref> == Aikin kulob == Ya fara buga wasa a Eerste Division don Achilles '29 a ranar 20 ga Janairu 2017 a wasan da suka yi da NAC Breda . <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 January 2017 |title=Game Report by Soccerway |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2017/01/20/netherlands/eerste-divisie/nac-bv/achilles-1929/2240749/ |publisher=Soccerway}}</ref> Daga nan ya koma cikin 2018 zuwa ƙwararrun kulob din FK Železiarne Podbrezová a cikin Slovak First Football League . Edge ya bar Slovakia a watan Agusta na 2019 bayan bai karɓi albashinsa na Yuro 300 a kowane wata ba. Daga nan ya koma Netherlands ya yi gwaji da DFS, kafin ya sanya hannu da kulob din a ƙarshen watan. A watan Agusta na 2020, ya koma ƙungiyar 'yan wasan Sweden ta IFK Berga a ƙungiyar Division 1 ta Norra <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 August 2020 |title=New Zealand duo sign for Swedish club |url=https://oceaniafootballcenter.org/2020/08/06/new-zealand-duo-sign-for-swedish-club/}}</ref> A watan Janairun 2022, ya koma ƙungiyar 'yan wasan Sweden ta Lunds BK a ƙungiyar Division 1 Sodra kafin ya koma IFK Malmo a watan Agusta har zuwa ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2022 a matsayin kocin ƙungiyar mata 'yan ƙasa da shekara 12. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1995]] gsu9469cm58j6gmzgfq4q5em0qxrvu2 0 149206 830013 2026-05-05T09:32:13Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1348332091|Football at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament]]" 830013 wikitext text/x-wiki <section begin=E />{{#invoke:sports table|main|style=WDL |res_col_header=Q |team1=SWE|name_SWE={{fbw|SWE}} |team2=NGR|name_NGR={{fbw|NGR}} |team3=JPN|name_JPN={{fbw|JPN}} |win_SWE=1|draw_SWE=0|loss_SWE=1|gf_SWE=2|ga_SWE=2 |win_NGR=1|draw_NGR=0|loss_NGR=1|gf_NGR=2|ga_NGR=2 |win_JPN=1|draw_JPN=0|loss_JPN=1|gf_JPN=1|ga_JPN=1 |col_Q=#ccffcc|text_Q=Qualified for the quarterfinals |result1=Q|result2=Q|result3=Q |update=complete|source= }} An gudanar da gasar kwallon kafa ta mata a karo na uku a gasar Olympics ta 2004 . <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 August 2004 |title=SI.com – Wambach gives U.S. veterans golden parting gift in extra time – Thursday August 26, 2004 7:26PM |url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2004/olympics/2004/soccer/08/26/us.brazil.ap/?cnn=yes |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130119175340/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2004/olympics/2004/soccer/08/26/us.brazil.ap/?cnn=yes |archive-date=19 January 2013 |access-date=1 August 2012 |publisher=Sportsillustrated.cnn.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=27 August 2004 |title=SI.com – Writers – Michael Silver: Fitting farewell for U.S. soccer's Fab Five – Friday August 27, 2004 2:55PM |url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2004/writers/michael_silver/08/27/soccer.gold/?cnn=yes |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130119105830/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2004/writers/michael_silver/08/27/soccer.gold/?cnn=yes |archive-date=19 January 2013 |access-date=1 August 2012 |publisher=Sportsillustrated.cnn.com}}</ref> Gasar ta kunshi kungiyoyin mata 10 na kasa daga kungiyoyi shida na nahiyar. Kungiyoyin 10 sun shiga cikin rukuni biyu na uku da rukuni ɗaya na huɗu kuma kowane rukuni ya buga Gasar zagaye. A ƙarshen matakin rukuni, manyan ƙungiyoyi daga kowane rukuni sun ci gaba zuwa matakin knockout, farawa da kwata-kwata kuma sun ƙare da wasan zinare a Filin wasa na Karaiskakis a ranar 26 ga watan Agusta 2004. == cancanta == An gudanar da gasa da yawa don tantance kasashe masu halarta. An gudanar da gasar a wurare biyar a cikin birane biyar: * Filin wasa na Karaiskakis, Piraeus * Filin wasa na Pankritio, Heraklion * Filin wasa na Pampeloponnisiako, PatrasƘafafu * Filin wasa na Kaftanzoglio, ThessalonikiTasalonika * Filin wasa na Panthessaliko, VolosJirgin sama == Shuka shuka == A matsayin sauran wasanni, an shirya gasar ne da farko don samar da rukuni biyu na kungiyoyi biyar a matakin rukuni, sannan a buga wasan knockout ta kungiyoyi hudu (ƙungiyoyi biyu na farko a kowane rukuni). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Regulations of the Olympic Football Tournaments Games of the XXVIIIth Olympiad Athens 2004 |url=http://images.fifa.com/olympics/2004/regulations/OFT_2004_EEE.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040731215846/http://images.fifa.com/olympics/2004/regulations/OFT_2004_EEE.pdf |archive-date=31 July 2004 |access-date=3 February 2017 |publisher=FIFA}}</ref> Saboda matsalolin da suka shafi tsarin aiki da kalandar, dole ne a canza tsarin gasar. FIFA ta yanke shawarar kafa rukuni uku na ƙungiyoyi uku ko huɗu a matakin rukuni, sannan ta buga matakin knockout ta ƙungiyoyi takwas (ƙungiyoyi biyu na farko a kowane rukuni da ƙungiyoyi biyu mafi kyau na uku daga ƙungiyoyi uku). <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 July 2003 |title=Olympic Football Tournaments: FIFA Emergency Committee approves venue and kick-off time for men's Final as well as format for women's competition |url=https://www.fifa.com/en/display/mrel,70970.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040420002500/http://www.fifa.com/en/display/mrel,70970.html |archive-date=20 April 2004 |access-date=3 February 2017 |publisher=FIFA}}</ref> == Mataki na rukuni == Kasashen da ke fafatawa sun kasu kashi uku: biyu da ke dauke da kungiyoyi uku (ƙungiyoyin E da F) da kuma daya da ke dauke dauke da kungiyoyin hudu (ƙungiya G). Kungiyoyi a cikin kowane rukuni sun buga wa juna wasa a zagaye-robin. Manyan kungiyoyi biyu na kowane rukuni sun ci gaba zuwa matakin knockout, tare da ƙungiyar ta uku daga ƙungiyar ƙungiyoyi huɗu (ƙungiya G) da ƙungiyar ta Uku mafi kyau daga ƙungiyoyi uku (ƙungiyoyin E da F). '''Maɓalli''': * Kungiyoyin da aka nuna a cikin kore sun wuce zuwa matakan knockout. === Rukunin E === == Manazarta == nczru11od6caozdzackfjn67rdnmlie 830014 830013 2026-05-05T09:32:43Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 830014 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} An gudanar da gasar kwallon kafa ta mata a karo na uku a gasar Olympics ta 2004 . <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 August 2004 |title=SI.com – Wambach gives U.S. veterans golden parting gift in extra time – Thursday August 26, 2004 7:26PM |url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2004/olympics/2004/soccer/08/26/us.brazil.ap/?cnn=yes |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130119175340/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2004/olympics/2004/soccer/08/26/us.brazil.ap/?cnn=yes |archive-date=19 January 2013 |access-date=1 August 2012 |publisher=Sportsillustrated.cnn.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=27 August 2004 |title=SI.com – Writers – Michael Silver: Fitting farewell for U.S. soccer's Fab Five – Friday August 27, 2004 2:55PM |url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2004/writers/michael_silver/08/27/soccer.gold/?cnn=yes |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130119105830/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2004/writers/michael_silver/08/27/soccer.gold/?cnn=yes |archive-date=19 January 2013 |access-date=1 August 2012 |publisher=Sportsillustrated.cnn.com}}</ref> Gasar ta kunshi kungiyoyin mata 10 na kasa daga kungiyoyi shida na nahiyar. Kungiyoyin 10 sun shiga cikin rukuni biyu na uku da rukuni ɗaya na huɗu kuma kowane rukuni ya buga Gasar zagaye. A ƙarshen matakin rukuni, manyan ƙungiyoyi daga kowane rukuni sun ci gaba zuwa matakin knockout, farawa da kwata-kwata kuma sun ƙare da wasan zinare a Filin wasa na Karaiskakis a ranar 26 ga watan Agusta 2004. == cancanta == An gudanar da gasa da yawa don tantance kasashe masu halarta. An gudanar da gasar a wurare biyar a cikin birane biyar: * Filin wasa na Karaiskakis, Piraeus * Filin wasa na Pankritio, Heraklion * Filin wasa na Pampeloponnisiako, PatrasƘafafu * Filin wasa na Kaftanzoglio, ThessalonikiTasalonika * Filin wasa na Panthessaliko, VolosJirgin sama == Shuka shuka == A matsayin sauran wasanni, an shirya gasar ne da farko don samar da rukuni biyu na kungiyoyi biyar a matakin rukuni, sannan a buga wasan knockout ta kungiyoyi hudu (ƙungiyoyi biyu na farko a kowane rukuni). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Regulations of the Olympic Football Tournaments Games of the XXVIIIth Olympiad Athens 2004 |url=http://images.fifa.com/olympics/2004/regulations/OFT_2004_EEE.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040731215846/http://images.fifa.com/olympics/2004/regulations/OFT_2004_EEE.pdf |archive-date=31 July 2004 |access-date=3 February 2017 |publisher=FIFA}}</ref> Saboda matsalolin da suka shafi tsarin aiki da kalandar, dole ne a canza tsarin gasar. FIFA ta yanke shawarar kafa rukuni uku na ƙungiyoyi uku ko huɗu a matakin rukuni, sannan ta buga matakin knockout ta ƙungiyoyi takwas (ƙungiyoyi biyu na farko a kowane rukuni da ƙungiyoyi biyu mafi kyau na uku daga ƙungiyoyi uku). <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 July 2003 |title=Olympic Football Tournaments: FIFA Emergency Committee approves venue and kick-off time for men's Final as well as format for women's competition |url=https://www.fifa.com/en/display/mrel,70970.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040420002500/http://www.fifa.com/en/display/mrel,70970.html |archive-date=20 April 2004 |access-date=3 February 2017 |publisher=FIFA}}</ref> == Mataki na rukuni == Kasashen da ke fafatawa sun kasu kashi uku: biyu da ke dauke da kungiyoyi uku (ƙungiyoyin E da F) da kuma daya da ke dauke dauke da kungiyoyin hudu (ƙungiya G). Kungiyoyi a cikin kowane rukuni sun buga wa juna wasa a zagaye-robin. Manyan kungiyoyi biyu na kowane rukuni sun ci gaba zuwa matakin knockout, tare da ƙungiyar ta uku daga ƙungiyar ƙungiyoyi huɗu (ƙungiya G) da ƙungiyar ta Uku mafi kyau daga ƙungiyoyi uku (ƙungiyoyin E da F). '''Maɓalli''': * Kungiyoyin da aka nuna a cikin kore sun wuce zuwa matakan knockout. === Rukunin E === == Manazarta == 9229oia64afylnl169ueykdo5ldnvjk 0 149207 830015 2026-05-05T09:32:52Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1318869199|David Driessen]]" 830015 wikitext text/x-wiki '''David Driessen''' (an haife shi a ranar 24 ga Nuwamba 1994) ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Holland. == Aikin kulob == Ya fara buga wasa a Eerste Division don Achilles '29 a ranar 13 ga Janairu 2017 a wasan da suka yi da Fortuna Sittard . [1] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://www.vi.nl/spelers/david-driessen/profiel Bayanan martaba] @ Voetbal International * David Driessen * {{Soccerway|david-driessen/471748}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1994]] blkvqx33ypvixx6jtdokr16umvxt0h9 830017 830015 2026-05-05T09:33:32Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1318869199|David Driessen]]" 830017 wikitext text/x-wiki '''David Driessen''' (an haife shi a ranar 24 ga Nuwamba 1994) ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Holland.<ref>Game Report by Soccerway". Soccerway. 13 January 2017.</ref> == Aikin kulob == Ya fara buga wasa a Eerste Division don Achilles '29 a ranar 13 ga Janairu 2017 a wasan da suka yi da Fortuna Sittard . [1] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://www.vi.nl/spelers/david-driessen/profiel Bayanan martaba] @ Voetbal International * David Driessen * {{Soccerway|david-driessen/471748}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1994]] h0m5ej63dql6n7ebvmytl0hksd6jiaa 830019 830017 2026-05-05T09:33:49Z Sardeeq 39275 830019 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''David Driessen''' (an haife shi a ranar 24 ga Nuwamba 1994) ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Holland.<ref>Game Report by Soccerway". Soccerway. 13 January 2017.</ref> == Aikin kulob == Ya fara buga wasa a Eerste Division don Achilles '29 a ranar 13 ga Janairu 2017 a wasan da suka yi da Fortuna Sittard . [1] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://www.vi.nl/spelers/david-driessen/profiel Bayanan martaba] @ Voetbal International * David Driessen * {{Soccerway|david-driessen/471748}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1994]] mwpnxpn41knbmve1nssoxfsgwgpslxi 0 149208 830018 2026-05-05T09:33:39Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1348838347|Football at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament]]" 830018 wikitext text/x-wiki An gudanar da gasar kwallon kafa ta mata a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2008 a [[Beijing]] da wasu birane hudu a [[Sin|Jamhuriyar Jama'ar Sin]] daga 6 zuwa 21 ga watan Agusta. An gayyaci ƙungiyoyin da ke da alaƙa da [[FIFA]] don aika da cikakkun ƙungiyoyin mata na ƙasa. Ga waɗannan Wasannin, mata sun fafata a gasar ƙungiyoyi 12. Wasanni na farko sun fara ne a ranar 6 ga watan Agusta, kwana biyu kafin bikin bude wasannin. An rarraba kungiyoyin zuwa rukuni uku na ƙungiyoyi huɗu kowannensu don zagaye na farko. Manyan kungiyoyi biyu a kowane tafki, da kuma mafi kyawun kungiyoyi biyu na uku, sun ci gaba zuwa rukuni guda takwas. Amurka ce ta lashe gasar, wacce ta doke Brazil 1-0 a wasan zinare. Carli Lloyd ya zira kwallaye a minti na 96 na Amurka, wanda ya tara lambar zinare ta Olympics ta uku.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Homewood |first=Brian |date=22 August 2008 |title=U.S. retain gold against Brazil in women's soccer |url=http://in.reuters.com/article/idINIndia-35123720080821 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222205513/http://in.reuters.com/article/idINIndia-35123720080821 |archive-date=22 December 2015 |access-date=15 September 2012 |publisher=In.reuters.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Homewood |first=Brian |date=19 August 2008 |title=Brazil seek first major title in women's soccer |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-olympics-soccer-women-idUSPEK32017620080819 |access-date=15 September 2012 |publisher=Reuters}}</ref> == cancanta == [[Fayil:Participating_countries_in_women's_football_at_the_2008_Olympics.PNG|thumb|Kasashen gasar mata]] Kwamitin Wasannin Olympics na Kasa na iya shiga ƙungiyar mata ɗaya don gasar ƙwallon ƙafa. {| class="wikitable" style="width:735px;" !Hanyoyin kammalawa !Ranar kammalawa !Wurin da ake ciki !Gidajen kwana !Ya cancanta |- |Kasar da ta karbi bakuncin | - | - | style="text-align:center;" |1 |{{Fbw|CHN}} |- |Gasar Farko ta AFC |Fabrairu 2007 - Agusta 2007 | - | style="text-align:center;" |2 |{{Fbw|JPN}}<br />{{Fbw|PRK}} |- |Gasar Farko ta CAF |Oktoba 2006 - Maris 2008 | - | style="text-align:center;" |1 |{{Fbw|NGR}} |- |Gasar farko ta CONCACAF |Oktoba 2007 - Afrilu 2008 |[[Ciudad Juárez]]{{Flagicon|MEX}} | style="text-align:center;" |2 |{{Fbw|USA}}<br />{{Fbw|CAN}} |- |2006 Kudancin Amurka Mata |10-26 Nuwamba 2006 |[[Mar del Plata|Tekun Azurfa]]{{Flagicon|ARG}} | style="text-align:center;" |1 |{{Fbw|ARG}} |- |Gasar Wasannin Olympics ta mata ta OFC |25 ga Agusta - 7 ga Satumba 20078 ga Maris 2008<br /> |[[Apia]] Port Moresby{{Flagicon|SAM}}<br />{{Flagicon|PNG}}[[Port Moresby|Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Moresby]] | style="text-align:center;" |1 |{{Fbw|NZL}} |- |UEFA (2007 FIFA Women's World Cup) * |10-30 Satumba 2007 |{{Flag|China}} | style="text-align:center;" |2* |{{Fbw|GER}}<br />{{Fbw|NOR}} |- |UEFA Playoff (Denmark vs Sweden) |8 Nuwamba 200728 Nuwamba 2007<br /> |[[Viborg, Denmark|Viborg]] [[Solna Municipality|Solna]]{{Flagicon|DEN}}<br />{{Flagicon|SWE}} | style="text-align:center;" |1* |{{Fbw|SWE}} |- |Wasanni na CONMEBOL-CAF |19 ga Afrilu 2008 |[[Beijing]]{{Flagicon|CHN}} | style="text-align:center;" |1 |{{Fbw|BRA}} |- !Gabaɗaya ! colspan="2" | !12 ! |} * Lura - Kungiyoyin Turai guda uku mafi kyau a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA sun cancanci gasar Olympics. Koyaya, ƙungiyar Ingila ta uku mafi kyau ba za ta iya shiga ba, saboda Ingila tana fafatawa a wasannin Olympics a matsayin wani ɓangare na Burtaniya, wanda ba ya fafatawa da kwallon kafa. Sabili da haka, tawagar Turai ta huɗu za ta ci gaba, tana buƙatar wasan kwaikwayo tsakanin Sweden da Denmark. == Wuraren da ake ciki == An gudanar da gasar a wurare biyar a cikin birane biyar: {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;" ![[Beijing]] ![[Shanghai]] ![[Tianjin]] ! rowspan="8" |{{Location map+|China}} |- |Filin wasa na ma'aikata |Filin wasa na Shanghai |Filin wasa na Cibiyar Wasannin Olympics ta Tianjin |- |Capacity: '''70,161''' |Capacity: '''80,000''' |Capacity: '''60,000''' |- |[[Fayil:Workers_Stadium_2008.jpg|163x163px]] |[[Fayil:Shanghai_Stadium_2008.JPG|163x163px]] |[[Fayil:Tianjin_Olympic_Center_Stadium.jpg|165x165px]] |- !Shenyang !Qinhuangdao ! rowspan="4" | |- |Filin wasa na Olympics na Shenyang |Filin wasa na Cibiyar Wasannin Olympics ta Qinhuangdao |- |Capacity: '''60,000''' |Capacity: '''33,000''' |- |[[Fayil:Shenyang_Olympic_Sports_Center_Stadium_drone_view_2.jpg|170x170px]] |[[Fayil:秦皇岛奥体中心（尼日利亚—科特迪瓦）_-_panoramio.jpg|168x168px]] |} 4w71lg2rbqlete39h7bbjy01nhixxoz 830020 830018 2026-05-05T09:34:02Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 830020 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} An gudanar da gasar kwallon kafa ta mata a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2008 a [[Beijing]] da wasu birane hudu a [[Sin|Jamhuriyar Jama'ar Sin]] daga 6 zuwa 21 ga watan Agusta. An gayyaci ƙungiyoyin da ke da alaƙa da [[FIFA]] don aika da cikakkun ƙungiyoyin mata na ƙasa. Ga waɗannan Wasannin, mata sun fafata a gasar ƙungiyoyi 12. Wasanni na farko sun fara ne a ranar 6 ga watan Agusta, kwana biyu kafin bikin bude wasannin. An rarraba kungiyoyin zuwa rukuni uku na ƙungiyoyi huɗu kowannensu don zagaye na farko. Manyan kungiyoyi biyu a kowane tafki, da kuma mafi kyawun kungiyoyi biyu na uku, sun ci gaba zuwa rukuni guda takwas. Amurka ce ta lashe gasar, wacce ta doke Brazil 1-0 a wasan zinare. Carli Lloyd ya zira kwallaye a minti na 96 na Amurka, wanda ya tara lambar zinare ta Olympics ta uku.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Homewood |first=Brian |date=22 August 2008 |title=U.S. retain gold against Brazil in women's soccer |url=http://in.reuters.com/article/idINIndia-35123720080821 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222205513/http://in.reuters.com/article/idINIndia-35123720080821 |archive-date=22 December 2015 |access-date=15 September 2012 |publisher=In.reuters.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Homewood |first=Brian |date=19 August 2008 |title=Brazil seek first major title in women's soccer |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-olympics-soccer-women-idUSPEK32017620080819 |access-date=15 September 2012 |publisher=Reuters}}</ref> == cancanta == [[Fayil:Participating_countries_in_women's_football_at_the_2008_Olympics.PNG|thumb|Kasashen gasar mata]] Kwamitin Wasannin Olympics na Kasa na iya shiga ƙungiyar mata ɗaya don gasar ƙwallon ƙafa. {| class="wikitable" style="width:735px;" !Hanyoyin kammalawa !Ranar kammalawa !Wurin da ake ciki !Gidajen kwana !Ya cancanta |- |Kasar da ta karbi bakuncin | - | - | style="text-align:center;" |1 |{{Fbw|CHN}} |- |Gasar Farko ta AFC |Fabrairu 2007 - Agusta 2007 | - | style="text-align:center;" |2 |{{Fbw|JPN}}<br />{{Fbw|PRK}} |- |Gasar Farko ta CAF |Oktoba 2006 - Maris 2008 | - | style="text-align:center;" |1 |{{Fbw|NGR}} |- |Gasar farko ta CONCACAF |Oktoba 2007 - Afrilu 2008 |[[Ciudad Juárez]]{{Flagicon|MEX}} | style="text-align:center;" |2 |{{Fbw|USA}}<br />{{Fbw|CAN}} |- |2006 Kudancin Amurka Mata |10-26 Nuwamba 2006 |[[Mar del Plata|Tekun Azurfa]]{{Flagicon|ARG}} | style="text-align:center;" |1 |{{Fbw|ARG}} |- |Gasar Wasannin Olympics ta mata ta OFC |25 ga Agusta - 7 ga Satumba 20078 ga Maris 2008<br /> |[[Apia]] Port Moresby{{Flagicon|SAM}}<br />{{Flagicon|PNG}}[[Port Moresby|Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Moresby]] | style="text-align:center;" |1 |{{Fbw|NZL}} |- |UEFA (2007 FIFA Women's World Cup) * |10-30 Satumba 2007 |{{Flag|China}} | style="text-align:center;" |2* |{{Fbw|GER}}<br />{{Fbw|NOR}} |- |UEFA Playoff (Denmark vs Sweden) |8 Nuwamba 200728 Nuwamba 2007<br /> |[[Viborg, Denmark|Viborg]] [[Solna Municipality|Solna]]{{Flagicon|DEN}}<br />{{Flagicon|SWE}} | style="text-align:center;" |1* |{{Fbw|SWE}} |- |Wasanni na CONMEBOL-CAF |19 ga Afrilu 2008 |[[Beijing]]{{Flagicon|CHN}} | style="text-align:center;" |1 |{{Fbw|BRA}} |- !Gabaɗaya ! colspan="2" | !12 ! |} * Lura - Kungiyoyin Turai guda uku mafi kyau a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA sun cancanci gasar Olympics. Koyaya, ƙungiyar Ingila ta uku mafi kyau ba za ta iya shiga ba, saboda Ingila tana fafatawa a wasannin Olympics a matsayin wani ɓangare na Burtaniya, wanda ba ya fafatawa da kwallon kafa. Sabili da haka, tawagar Turai ta huɗu za ta ci gaba, tana buƙatar wasan kwaikwayo tsakanin Sweden da Denmark. == Wuraren da ake ciki == An gudanar da gasar a wurare biyar a cikin birane biyar: {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;" ![[Beijing]] ![[Shanghai]] ![[Tianjin]] ! rowspan="8" |{{Location map+|China}} |- |Filin wasa na ma'aikata |Filin wasa na Shanghai |Filin wasa na Cibiyar Wasannin Olympics ta Tianjin |- |Capacity: '''70,161''' |Capacity: '''80,000''' |Capacity: '''60,000''' |- |[[Fayil:Workers_Stadium_2008.jpg|163x163px]] |[[Fayil:Shanghai_Stadium_2008.JPG|163x163px]] |[[Fayil:Tianjin_Olympic_Center_Stadium.jpg|165x165px]] |- !Shenyang !Qinhuangdao ! rowspan="4" | |- |Filin wasa na Olympics na Shenyang |Filin wasa na Cibiyar Wasannin Olympics ta Qinhuangdao |- |Capacity: '''60,000''' |Capacity: '''33,000''' |- |[[Fayil:Shenyang_Olympic_Sports_Center_Stadium_drone_view_2.jpg|170x170px]] |[[Fayil:秦皇岛奥体中心（尼日利亚—科特迪瓦）_-_panoramio.jpg|168x168px]] |} gjkkcsx9nt51fs1iafe8wkjtqj69y0g 0 149209 830021 2026-05-05T09:34:42Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1348391154|Football at the 2024 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament – Group C]]" 830021 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:2_FINALE_FOOTBALL_FEMININ_BRASIL-ESPAGNE_by_Eric_Salard.jpg|thumb|Kwallon ƙafa a wasannin Olympics na bazara na 2024 - Gasar mata a rukuni na C - Brazil da Spain]] '''Rukunin C''' na '''Gasar kwallon kafa ta mata''' a gasar Olympics ta 2024 an buga ta ne daga 25 zuwa 31 ga Yuli 2024 . <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 July 2022 |title=Match schedules confirmed for Olympic Football Tournaments at Paris 2024 |url=https://inside.fifa.com/tournaments/womens/womensolympic/paris2024/media-releases/match-schedules-confirmed-for-olympic-football-tournaments-at-paris-2024 |access-date=28 July 2022 |website=FIFA.com |publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=10 April 2024 |title=Paris 2024 Olympic Football Tournament: Match Schedule |url=https://digitalhub.fifa.com/m/28cbbb045cb9d61b/original/Olympic-Games-Paris-Match-Schedule.pdf |access-date=29 July 2024 |website=FIFA.com |publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association}}</ref> Kungiyar, ɗaya daga cikin ƙungiyoyi uku na ƙungiyoyi 4 da ke fafatawa a matakin rukuni na gasar Olympics, sun haɗa da Brazil, Japan, Spain da [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Najeriya|Najeriya]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 March 2024 |title=Paris 2024 draws produce blockbuster match-ups |url=https://www.fifa.com/fifaplus/en/tournaments/olympicgames/paris2024/articles/draw-mens-and-womens-tournaments |access-date=20 March 2024 |website=FIFA.com |publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association}}</ref> Manyan kungiyoyi biyu, Spain da Japan, sun ci gaba zuwa matakin knockout, tare da Brazil mai matsayi na uku a matsayin daya daga cikin ƙungiyoyi biyu mafi kyau na uku a cikin dukkan kungiyoyi uku.<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2023 |title=Regulations for the Olympic Football Tournaments Paris 2024 |url=https://digitalhub.fifa.com/m/754585c92a6f25a8/original/OFT2024-Regulations_EN.pdf |access-date=29 July 2024 |website=FIFA.com |publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association}}</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable" !Matsayi na zanawa !Kungiyar !Rukunin !Ƙungiya !Hanyar cancanta<br /> !Ranar cancanta<br /> !Bayyanar wasannin Olympics<br /> !Kashi<br /> !Mafi kyawun wasan da ya gabata<br /> |- |C1 | style="white-space:nowrap" |{{Fbw|ESP}} |1 |[[UEFA]] |2024 UEFA Women's Nations League Finals saman biyu |23 Fabrairu 2024 | data-sort-value="1" |Na farko | colspan="2" align="center" |Farko |- |C2 | style="white-space:nowrap" |{{Fbw|JPN}} |2 |AFC |Gasar cin kofin mata ta 2024 ta AFC |28 Fabrairu 2024 | data-sort-value="6" |Na 6 |2020 | data-sort-value="2" |Wadanda suka lashe lambar azurfa (2012) |- |C3 | style="white-space:nowrap" |{{Fbw|NGA}} |4 |CAF |Gasar cin kofin mata ta CAF ta 2024 a saman biyu |9 ga Afrilu 2024 | data-sort-value="4" |Na huɗu |2008 | data-sort-value="6" |Matsayi na shida (2004) |- |C4 | style="white-space:nowrap" |{{Fbw|BRA}} |3 |KYAUTA |2022 Copa América Mata biyu |26 ga Yulin 2022 | data-sort-value="8" |Na 8th |2020 | data-sort-value="2" |Wadanda suka lashe lambar azurfa (2004, 2008) |} == Hanyar horo == Da an yi amfani da maki masu kyau a matsayin mai karyawa idan an haɗa rikodin gaba ɗaya da na kai-da-kai na ƙungiyoyi. Wadannan an lissafa su ne bisa ga katunan rawaya da ja da aka karɓa a duk wasannin rukuni kamar haka: * Katin rawaya na farko: rage 1 maki; * jan katin kai tsaye (katin rawaya na biyu): minus 3 maki; * jan katin kai tsaye: rage maki 4; * katin rawaya da jan katin kai tsaye: rage maki 5; Ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da ke sama ne kawai za a iya amfani da shi ga mai kunnawa a wasa ɗaya. {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;" ! rowspan="2" |Kungiyar ! colspan="4" style="border-left:3px solid gray" |Wasan 1 ! colspan="4" style="border-left:3px solid gray" |Wasanni na 2 ! colspan="4" style="border-left:3px solid gray" |Wasan 3 ! rowspan="2" style="border-left:3px solid gray" |Abubuwa |- ! style="border-left:3px solid gray" | !  ! !  ! style="border-left:3px solid gray" | !  ! !  ! style="border-left:3px solid gray" | !  ! !  |- | align="left" |{{Fbw|NGA}} | style="border-left:3px solid gray" | | | | | style="border-left:3px solid gray" | | | | | style="border-left:3px solid gray" |1 | | | ! style="border-left:3px solid gray" |–1 |- | align="left" |{{Fbw|JPN}} | style="border-left:3px solid gray" | | | | | style="border-left:3px solid gray" |1 | | | | style="border-left:3px solid gray" | | | | ! style="border-left:3px solid gray" |–1 |- | align="left" |{{Fbw|ESP}} | style="border-left:3px solid gray" |2 | | | | style="border-left:3px solid gray" | | | | | style="border-left:3px solid gray" |1 | | | ! style="border-left:3px solid gray" |–3 |- | align="left" |{{Fbw|BRA}} | style="border-left:3px solid gray" |1 | | | | style="border-left:3px solid gray" |2 | | | | style="border-left:3px solid gray" |1 | |1 | ! style="border-left:3px solid gray" |–8 |} == Manazarta == qknb7ay4sdzvhj45r7ypy8u1ezouqcf 830022 830021 2026-05-05T09:35:12Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 830022 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:2_FINALE_FOOTBALL_FEMININ_BRASIL-ESPAGNE_by_Eric_Salard.jpg|thumb|Kwallon ƙafa a wasannin Olympics na bazara na 2024 - Gasar mata a rukuni na C - Brazil da Spain]] '''Rukunin C''' na '''Gasar kwallon kafa ta mata''' a gasar Olympics ta 2024 an buga ta ne daga 25 zuwa 31 ga Yuli 2024 . <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 July 2022 |title=Match schedules confirmed for Olympic Football Tournaments at Paris 2024 |url=https://inside.fifa.com/tournaments/womens/womensolympic/paris2024/media-releases/match-schedules-confirmed-for-olympic-football-tournaments-at-paris-2024 |access-date=28 July 2022 |website=FIFA.com |publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=10 April 2024 |title=Paris 2024 Olympic Football Tournament: Match Schedule |url=https://digitalhub.fifa.com/m/28cbbb045cb9d61b/original/Olympic-Games-Paris-Match-Schedule.pdf |access-date=29 July 2024 |website=FIFA.com |publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association}}</ref> Kungiyar, ɗaya daga cikin ƙungiyoyi uku na ƙungiyoyi 4 da ke fafatawa a matakin rukuni na gasar Olympics, sun haɗa da Brazil, Japan, Spain da [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Najeriya|Najeriya]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 March 2024 |title=Paris 2024 draws produce blockbuster match-ups |url=https://www.fifa.com/fifaplus/en/tournaments/olympicgames/paris2024/articles/draw-mens-and-womens-tournaments |access-date=20 March 2024 |website=FIFA.com |publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association}}</ref> Manyan kungiyoyi biyu, Spain da Japan, sun ci gaba zuwa matakin knockout, tare da Brazil mai matsayi na uku a matsayin daya daga cikin ƙungiyoyi biyu mafi kyau na uku a cikin dukkan kungiyoyi uku.<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2023 |title=Regulations for the Olympic Football Tournaments Paris 2024 |url=https://digitalhub.fifa.com/m/754585c92a6f25a8/original/OFT2024-Regulations_EN.pdf |access-date=29 July 2024 |website=FIFA.com |publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association}}</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable" !Matsayi na zanawa !Kungiyar !Rukunin !Ƙungiya !Hanyar cancanta<br /> !Ranar cancanta<br /> !Bayyanar wasannin Olympics<br /> !Kashi<br /> !Mafi kyawun wasan da ya gabata<br /> |- |C1 | style="white-space:nowrap" |{{Fbw|ESP}} |1 |[[UEFA]] |2024 UEFA Women's Nations League Finals saman biyu |23 Fabrairu 2024 | data-sort-value="1" |Na farko | colspan="2" align="center" |Farko |- |C2 | style="white-space:nowrap" |{{Fbw|JPN}} |2 |AFC |Gasar cin kofin mata ta 2024 ta AFC |28 Fabrairu 2024 | data-sort-value="6" |Na 6 |2020 | data-sort-value="2" |Wadanda suka lashe lambar azurfa (2012) |- |C3 | style="white-space:nowrap" |{{Fbw|NGA}} |4 |CAF |Gasar cin kofin mata ta CAF ta 2024 a saman biyu |9 ga Afrilu 2024 | data-sort-value="4" |Na huɗu |2008 | data-sort-value="6" |Matsayi na shida (2004) |- |C4 | style="white-space:nowrap" |{{Fbw|BRA}} |3 |KYAUTA |2022 Copa América Mata biyu |26 ga Yulin 2022 | data-sort-value="8" |Na 8th |2020 | data-sort-value="2" |Wadanda suka lashe lambar azurfa (2004, 2008) |} == Hanyar horo == Da an yi amfani da maki masu kyau a matsayin mai karyawa idan an haɗa rikodin gaba ɗaya da na kai-da-kai na ƙungiyoyi. Wadannan an lissafa su ne bisa ga katunan rawaya da ja da aka karɓa a duk wasannin rukuni kamar haka: * Katin rawaya na farko: rage 1 maki; * jan katin kai tsaye (katin rawaya na biyu): minus 3 maki; * jan katin kai tsaye: rage maki 4; * katin rawaya da jan katin kai tsaye: rage maki 5; Ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da ke sama ne kawai za a iya amfani da shi ga mai kunnawa a wasa ɗaya. {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;" ! rowspan="2" |Kungiyar ! colspan="4" style="border-left:3px solid gray" |Wasan 1 ! colspan="4" style="border-left:3px solid gray" |Wasanni na 2 ! colspan="4" style="border-left:3px solid gray" |Wasan 3 ! rowspan="2" style="border-left:3px solid gray" |Abubuwa |- ! style="border-left:3px solid gray" | !  ! !  ! style="border-left:3px solid gray" | !  ! !  ! style="border-left:3px solid gray" | !  ! !  |- | align="left" |{{Fbw|NGA}} | style="border-left:3px solid gray" | | | | | style="border-left:3px solid gray" | | | | | style="border-left:3px solid gray" |1 | | | ! style="border-left:3px solid gray" |–1 |- | align="left" |{{Fbw|JPN}} | style="border-left:3px solid gray" | | | | | style="border-left:3px solid gray" |1 | | | | style="border-left:3px solid gray" | | | | ! style="border-left:3px solid gray" |–1 |- | align="left" |{{Fbw|ESP}} | style="border-left:3px solid gray" |2 | | | | style="border-left:3px solid gray" | | | | | style="border-left:3px solid gray" |1 | | | ! style="border-left:3px solid gray" |–3 |- | align="left" |{{Fbw|BRA}} | style="border-left:3px solid gray" |1 | | | | style="border-left:3px solid gray" |2 | | | | style="border-left:3px solid gray" |1 | |1 | ! style="border-left:3px solid gray" |–8 |} == Manazarta == 7f34cqhq9ly6eyhxo7url2tjoset4q5 0 149210 830024 2026-05-05T09:35:41Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1342926429|Barry Ditewig]]" 830024 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Barry Ditewig''' ( ; an haife shi a ranar 14 ga Oktoba 1977) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] na ƙasar Holland wanda ya taka leda a matsayin [[Mai tsaran raga|mai tsaron gida]] . == Aikin kulob == Ditewig ya fara aikinsa a [[SC Heerenveen]], daga baya kuma ya buga kakar wasa biyu a FC Emmen . Bayan kakar wasa biyu a Drenthe da kuma ɗan gajeren lokaci a ƙungiyar 'yan wasa ta SC Joure, ya je ya buga kakar wasa biyar masu nasara a BV Veendam inda shi ne mai tsaron gida na farko. Duk da haka, a shekara ta 2009, an gaya masa cewa ba za a tsawaita kwangilarsa ba. Ya zaɓi ya buga wa ƙungiyar VVCS wasa, ƙungiyar da ke ƙoƙarin samun 'yan wasa ba tare da kwangila ba a wata ƙungiya. Bayan wasu kyawawan ayyuka, ADO Den Haag, wanda ya sami matsala wajen neman masu tsaron gida, ya zaɓi ya sayi Ditewig. A shekara ta 2010, Ditewig ya sanya hannu da Achilles '29, ƙungiyar 'yan wasa masu son shiga gasar Topklasse, sabuwar ƙungiya ta uku a ƙwallon ƙafa ta Holland. Ditewig ya lashe gasar Topklasse a kakar wasa ta biyu da kuma kambun mafi kyawun ƙungiyar 'yan wasa ta Netherlands a kan SV Spakenburg da ci 3-0 da kuma 0-2. A shekarar 2016, Ditewig ya koma MVV Alcides . Daga kakar wasa ta 2018-19, ya buga wa [[ONS Sneek]] wasa. Ya yi ritaya daga kwallon kafa a watan Satumba na 2019. == Kwallon kafa ta waje == Baya ga ƙwallon ƙafa, Ditewig ƙwararren mai tausa ne a wasanni kuma ya yi karatun motsa jiki a makarantar Hogeschool Arnhem Nijmegen. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1977]] reqrcxdvm3vub63j91mhym1yc10kwqg 830028 830024 2026-05-05T09:36:47Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1342926429|Barry Ditewig]]" 830028 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Barry Ditewig''' ( ; an haife shi a ranar 14 ga Oktoba 1977) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] na ƙasar Holland wanda ya taka leda a matsayin [[Mai tsaran raga|mai tsaron gida]].<ref>"Ditewig verlicht personele problemen ADO". Voetbalzone.nl (in Dutch). 7 August 2009. Retrieved 30 September 2010.</ref><ref>Voormalige Veendam-keeper Ditewig hangt handschoenen definitief aan de wilgen". RTV Noord (in Dutch). 5 September 2019. Retrieved 30 October 2020.</ref> == Aikin kulob == Ditewig ya fara aikinsa a [[SC Heerenveen]], daga baya kuma ya buga kakar wasa biyu a FC Emmen . Bayan kakar wasa biyu a Drenthe da kuma ɗan gajeren lokaci a ƙungiyar 'yan wasa ta SC Joure, ya je ya buga kakar wasa biyar masu nasara a BV Veendam inda shi ne mai tsaron gida na farko. Duk da haka, a shekara ta 2009, an gaya masa cewa ba za a tsawaita kwangilarsa ba. Ya zaɓi ya buga wa ƙungiyar VVCS wasa, ƙungiyar da ke ƙoƙarin samun 'yan wasa ba tare da kwangila ba a wata ƙungiya. Bayan wasu kyawawan ayyuka, ADO Den Haag, wanda ya sami matsala wajen neman masu tsaron gida, ya zaɓi ya sayi Ditewig. A shekara ta 2010, Ditewig ya sanya hannu da Achilles '29, ƙungiyar 'yan wasa masu son shiga gasar Topklasse, sabuwar ƙungiya ta uku a ƙwallon ƙafa ta Holland. Ditewig ya lashe gasar Topklasse a kakar wasa ta biyu da kuma kambun mafi kyawun ƙungiyar 'yan wasa ta Netherlands a kan SV Spakenburg da ci 3-0 da kuma 0-2. A shekarar 2016, Ditewig ya koma MVV Alcides . Daga kakar wasa ta 2018-19, ya buga wa [[ONS Sneek]] wasa. Ya yi ritaya daga kwallon kafa a watan Satumba na 2019. == Kwallon kafa ta waje == Baya ga ƙwallon ƙafa, Ditewig ƙwararren mai tausa ne a wasanni kuma ya yi karatun motsa jiki a makarantar Hogeschool Arnhem Nijmegen. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1977]] 9qnia0avoyx327trm7wkxr9z9zjkj98 830030 830028 2026-05-05T09:37:09Z Sardeeq 39275 830030 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Barry Ditewig''' ( ; an haife shi a ranar 14 ga Oktoba 1977) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] na ƙasar Holland wanda ya taka leda a matsayin [[Mai tsaran raga|mai tsaron gida]].<ref>"Ditewig verlicht personele problemen ADO". Voetbalzone.nl (in Dutch). 7 August 2009. Retrieved 30 September 2010.</ref><ref>Voormalige Veendam-keeper Ditewig hangt handschoenen definitief aan de wilgen". RTV Noord (in Dutch). 5 September 2019. Retrieved 30 October 2020.</ref> == Aikin kulob == Ditewig ya fara aikinsa a [[SC Heerenveen]], daga baya kuma ya buga kakar wasa biyu a FC Emmen . Bayan kakar wasa biyu a Drenthe da kuma ɗan gajeren lokaci a ƙungiyar 'yan wasa ta SC Joure, ya je ya buga kakar wasa biyar masu nasara a BV Veendam inda shi ne mai tsaron gida na farko. Duk da haka, a shekara ta 2009, an gaya masa cewa ba za a tsawaita kwangilarsa ba. Ya zaɓi ya buga wa ƙungiyar VVCS wasa, ƙungiyar da ke ƙoƙarin samun 'yan wasa ba tare da kwangila ba a wata ƙungiya. Bayan wasu kyawawan ayyuka, ADO Den Haag, wanda ya sami matsala wajen neman masu tsaron gida, ya zaɓi ya sayi Ditewig. A shekara ta 2010, Ditewig ya sanya hannu da Achilles '29, ƙungiyar 'yan wasa masu son shiga gasar Topklasse, sabuwar ƙungiya ta uku a ƙwallon ƙafa ta Holland. Ditewig ya lashe gasar Topklasse a kakar wasa ta biyu da kuma kambun mafi kyawun ƙungiyar 'yan wasa ta Netherlands a kan SV Spakenburg da ci 3-0 da kuma 0-2. A shekarar 2016, Ditewig ya koma MVV Alcides . Daga kakar wasa ta 2018-19, ya buga wa [[ONS Sneek]] wasa. Ya yi ritaya daga kwallon kafa a watan Satumba na 2019. == Kwallon kafa ta waje == Baya ga ƙwallon ƙafa, Ditewig ƙwararren mai tausa ne a wasanni kuma ya yi karatun motsa jiki a makarantar Hogeschool Arnhem Nijmegen. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1977]] lpylbmzh0lhpsu38yg95y4hmupl6mkx 0 149211 830025 2026-05-05T09:35:45Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1318317771|Nigeria at the FIFA Women's World Cup]]" 830025 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Najeriya]] ta wakilci Najeriya a gasar cin Kofin Duniya na Mata na FIFA a dukkan wasannin tara na gasar, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Chiang |first=Anthony |date=8 June 2019 |title=Nigeria continued this Women’s World Cup trend it would like to end |url=https://www.miamiherald.com/sports/mls/article231251293.html |access-date=6 July 2019 |website=miamiherald |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=FIFA Women's World Cup France 2019™ - Nigeria |url=https://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/teams/team/1882893/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190321024728/https://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/teams/team/1882893/ |archive-date=21 March 2019 |access-date=6 July 2019 |website=www.fifa.com}}</ref> daya daga cikin kungiyoyi bakwai da suka yi hakan. Duk da tarihin wadata, duk da haka, nasarorin Najeriya sun kasance masu tawali'u, bayan sun ci gaba zuwa matakin knockout a lokuta uku. == Rubuce-rubucen gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" ! colspan="9" |Rubuce-rubucen gasar cin Kofin Duniya na Mata na FIFA |- ! width="90" |Shekara ! width="90" |Sakamakon ! width="80" |Matsayi ! width="20" |{{Abbr|Pld|Games played}} ! width="20" |{{Abbr|W|Won}} ! width="20" |{{Abbr|D|Drawn}} ! width="20" |{{Abbr|L|Lost}} ! width="20" |{{Abbr|GF|Goals for}} ! width="20" |{{Abbr|GA|Goals against}} |- |[[1991 FIFA Women's World Cup|1991]]{{Flagicon|PRC}} | rowspan="2" |Mataki na rukuni |Na 10 |3 |0 |0 |3 |0 |7 |- |[[1995 FIFA Women's World Cup|1995]]{{Flagicon|SWE}} |Na 11 |3 |0 |1 |2 |5 |14 |- |[[1999 FIFA Women's World Cup|1999]]{{Flagicon|USA}} |Kashi na huɗu na karshe |Na 7 |4 |2 |0 |2 |8 |12 |- |[[2003 FIFA Women's World Cup|2003]]{{Flagicon|USA}} | rowspan="4" |Mataki na rukuni |Na 15 |3 |0 |0 |3 |0 |11 |- |[[2007 FIFA Women's World Cup|2007]]{{Flagicon|PRC}} |Na 13 |3 |0 |1 |2 |1 |4 |- |[[2011 FIFA Women's World Cup|2011]]{{Flagicon|GER}} |Na 9th |3 |1 |0 |2 |1 |2 |- |[[2015 FIFA Women's World Cup|2015]]{{Flagicon|CAN}} |Na 21 |3 |0 |1 |2 |3 |6 |- |[[2019 FIFA Women's World Cup|2019]]{{Flagicon|FRA|1974}} | rowspan="2" |Zagaye na 16 |Na 16 |4 |1 |0 |3 |2 |7 |- |{{Nowrap|{{flagicon|AUS}} {{flagicon|NZL}} [[2023 FIFA Women's World Cup|2023]]}} |Na 10 |4 |1 |3 |0 |3 |2 |- |[[2027 FIFA Women's World Cup|2027]]{{Flagicon|BRA}} | colspan="8" |''Don ƙaddara'' |- |{{Nowrap|{{flagicon|CRC}} {{flagicon|JAM}} {{flagicon|MEX}} {{flagicon|USA}} [[2031 FIFA Women's World Cup|2031]]}} | colspan="8" |''Don ƙaddara'' |- |[[2035 FIFA Women's World Cup|2035]]{{Flagicon|UK}} | colspan="8" |''Don ƙaddara'' |- !'''Jimillar''' !9/12 !0 lakabi !30 !5 !6 !19 !23 !65 |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;font-size:100%;" ! colspan="6" style="background: #013A5E; color: #FFFFFF;" |Tarihin gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA |- !Shekara !Zagaye !Ranar !Abokin hamayya !Sakamakon !Filin wasa |- | rowspan="3" |[[1991 FIFA Women's World Cup|1991]]{{Flagicon|CHN}} | rowspan="3" |Mataki na rukuni | align="left" |17 ga Nuwamba | align="left" |{{Fbw|GER}} |'''L''' 0-4 | align="left" |[[Jiangmen]]_Stadium" id="mwyQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Jiangmen Stadium">Filin wasa na Jiangmen, Jiangmen |- | align="left" |19 ga Nuwamba | align="left" |{{Fbw|ITA}} |'''L''' 0-1 | align="left" |[[Zhongshan]]_Stadium" id="mw0w" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Zhongshan Stadium">Filin wasa na Zhongshan, Zhongsham |- | align="left" |21 ga Nuwamba | align="left" |{{Fbw|TPE|football-old}} |'''L''' 0-2 | align="left" |[[Jiangmen]]_Stadium" id="mw3Q" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Jiangmen Stadium">Filin wasa na Jiangmen, Jiangmen |- | rowspan="3" |[[1995 FIFA Women's World Cup|1995]]{{Flagicon|SWE}} | rowspan="3" |Mataki na rukuni | align="left" |6 ga Yuni | align="left" |{{Fbw|NOR}} |'''L''' 0-8 | align="left" |Tingvallen, Karlstad |- | align="left" |8 ga Yuni | align="left" |{{Fbw|CAN}} |'''D''' 3-3 | align="left" |[[Helsingborg]])" id="mw9Q" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Olympia (Helsingborg)">Olympia, Helsingborg |- | align="left" |10 Yuni | align="left" |{{Fbw|ENG}} |'''L''' 2-3 | align="left" |Tingvallen, Karlstad |- | rowspan="4" |[[1999 FIFA Women's World Cup|1999]]{{Flagicon|USA}} | rowspan="3" |Mataki na rukuni | align="left" |20 ga Yuni | align="left" |{{Fbw|PRK}} |'''W''' 2-1 | align="left" |Rose Bowl, PasadenaHanyar wucewa |- | align="left" |24 ga Yuni | align="left" |{{Fbw|USA}} |'''L''' 1-7 | align="left" |Filin Soja, [[Chicago]] |- | align="left" |27 Yuni | align="left" |{{Fbw|DEN}} |'''W''' 2-0 | rowspan="2" align="left" |Filin wasa na Jack Kent Cooke, Landover |- |{{Nowrap|Quarter-finals}} | align="left" |1 ga Yuli | align="left" |{{Fbw|BRA}} |'''L''' 3-4 () |- | rowspan="3" |[[2003 FIFA Women's World Cup|2003]]{{Flagicon|USA}} | rowspan="3" |Mataki na rukuni | align="left" |20 ga Satumba | align="left" |{{Fbw|PRK}} |'''L''' 0-3 | rowspan="2" align="left" |Filin Kudi na Lincoln, Philadelphia[[Philadelphia|Filadelfia]] |- | align="left" |25 ga Satumba | align="left" |{{Fbw|USA}} |'''L''' 0-5 |- | align="left" |28 ga Satumba | align="left" |{{Fbw|SWE}} |'''L''' 0-3 | align="left" |[[Columbus, Ohio|Columbus]]_Crew_Stadium" id="mwAUo" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Columbus Crew Stadium">Filin wasa na Columbus Crew, Columbus |- | rowspan="3" |[[2007 FIFA Women's World Cup|2007]]{{Flagicon|CHN}} | rowspan="3" |Mataki na rukuni | align="left" |11 ga Satumba | align="left" |{{Fbw|SWE}} |'''D''' 1-1 | rowspan="2" align="left" |[[Chengdu]]_Sports_Center" id="mwAVg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Chengdu Sports Center">Cibiyar Wasanni ta Chengdu, Chengdu |- | align="left" |14 ga Satumba | align="left" |{{Fbw|PRK}} |'''L''' 0-2 |- | align="left" |18 ga Satumba | align="left" |{{Fbw|USA}} |'''L''' 0-1 | align="left" |Filin wasa na Hongkou, [[Shanghai]] |- | rowspan="3" |[[2011 FIFA Women's World Cup|2011]]{{Flagicon|GER}} | rowspan="3" |Mataki na rukuni | align="left" |26 ga Yuni | align="left" |{{Fbw|FRA|1974}} |'''L''' 0-1 | align="left" |Rhein-Neckar-Arena, Sinsheim |- | align="left" |30 Yuni | align="left" |{{Fbw|GER}} |'''L''' 0-1 | align="left" |Kasuwanci-Arena, [[Frankfurt]] |- | align="left" |5 ga Yuli | align="left" |{{Fbw|CAN}} |'''W''' 1-0 | align="left" |Rudolf-Harbig-Stadion, [[Dresden]] |- | rowspan="3" |[[2015 FIFA Women's World Cup|2015]]{{Flagicon|CAN}} | rowspan="3" |Mataki na rukuni | align="left" |8 ga Yuni | align="left" |{{Fbw|SWE}} |'''D''' 3-3 | rowspan="2" align="left" |Filin wasa na [[Winnipeg]], Winnipeg |- | align="left" |12 Yuni | align="left" |{{Fbw|AUS}} |'''L''' 0-2 |- | align="left" |16 ga Yuni | align="left" |{{Fbw|USA}} |'''L''' 0-1 | align="left" |BC Place, [[Vancouver]] |- | rowspan="4" |[[2019 FIFA Women's World Cup|2019]]{{Flagicon|FRA|1974}} | rowspan="3" |Mataki na rukuni | align="left" |8 ga Yuni | align="left" |{{Fbw|NOR}} |'''L''' 0-3 | align="left" |Filin wasa na Auguste-Delaune, [[Reims]] |- | align="left" |12 Yuni | align="left" |{{Fbw|KOR}} |'''W''' 2-0 | align="left" |Filin wasa na Alps, [[Grenoble]] |- | align="left" |17 ga Yuni | align="left" |{{Fbw|FRA|1974}} |'''L''' 0-1 | align="left" |Gidan shakatawa na Roazhon, Rennes[[Rennes|Dabbobin daji]] |- |Zagaye na 16 | align="left" |22 ga Yuni | align="left" |{{Fbw|GER}} |'''L''' 0-3 | align="left" |Filin wasa na Alps, [[Grenoble]] |- | rowspan="4" |{{Nowrap|{{flagicon|AUS}}/{{flagicon|NZL}} [[2023 FIFA Women's World Cup|2023]]}} | rowspan="3" |Mataki na rukuni | align="left" |21 ga Yuli | align="left" |{{Fbw|CAN}} |'''D''' 0-0 | align="left" |[[Melbourne]]_Rectangular_Stadium" id="mwAeQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Melbourne Rectangular Stadium">Filin wasa na Melbourne Rectangular, Melbourne |- | align="left" |26 ga Yuli | align="left" |{{Fbw|AUS}} |'''W''' 3-2 | rowspan="3" align="left" |Lang Park, [[Brisbane]] |- | align="left" |31 ga Yuli | align="left" |{{Fbw|IRL}} |'''D''' 0-0 |- |Zagaye na 16 | align="left" |7 ga watan Agusta | align="left" |{{Fbw|ENG}} |'''D''' 0-0 (4-2 ()) |} == Manazarta == 657z3s6dpr41dwinj7ef1148cv26mkl 830026 830025 2026-05-05T09:36:09Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 830026 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Najeriya]] ta wakilci Najeriya a gasar cin Kofin Duniya na Mata na FIFA a dukkan wasannin tara na gasar, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Chiang |first=Anthony |date=8 June 2019 |title=Nigeria continued this Women’s World Cup trend it would like to end |url=https://www.miamiherald.com/sports/mls/article231251293.html |access-date=6 July 2019 |website=miamiherald |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=FIFA Women's World Cup France 2019™ - Nigeria |url=https://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/teams/team/1882893/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190321024728/https://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/teams/team/1882893/ |archive-date=21 March 2019 |access-date=6 July 2019 |website=www.fifa.com}}</ref> daya daga cikin kungiyoyi bakwai da suka yi hakan. Duk da tarihin wadata, duk da haka, nasarorin Najeriya sun kasance masu tawali'u, bayan sun ci gaba zuwa matakin knockout a lokuta uku. == Rubuce-rubucen gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" ! colspan="9" |Rubuce-rubucen gasar cin Kofin Duniya na Mata na FIFA |- ! width="90" |Shekara ! width="90" |Sakamakon ! width="80" |Matsayi ! width="20" |{{Abbr|Pld|Games played}} ! width="20" |{{Abbr|W|Won}} ! width="20" |{{Abbr|D|Drawn}} ! width="20" |{{Abbr|L|Lost}} ! width="20" |{{Abbr|GF|Goals for}} ! width="20" |{{Abbr|GA|Goals against}} |- |[[1991 FIFA Women's World Cup|1991]]{{Flagicon|PRC}} | rowspan="2" |Mataki na rukuni |Na 10 |3 |0 |0 |3 |0 |7 |- |[[1995 FIFA Women's World Cup|1995]]{{Flagicon|SWE}} |Na 11 |3 |0 |1 |2 |5 |14 |- |[[1999 FIFA Women's World Cup|1999]]{{Flagicon|USA}} |Kashi na huɗu na karshe |Na 7 |4 |2 |0 |2 |8 |12 |- |[[2003 FIFA Women's World Cup|2003]]{{Flagicon|USA}} | rowspan="4" |Mataki na rukuni |Na 15 |3 |0 |0 |3 |0 |11 |- |[[2007 FIFA Women's World Cup|2007]]{{Flagicon|PRC}} |Na 13 |3 |0 |1 |2 |1 |4 |- |[[2011 FIFA Women's World Cup|2011]]{{Flagicon|GER}} |Na 9th |3 |1 |0 |2 |1 |2 |- |[[2015 FIFA Women's World Cup|2015]]{{Flagicon|CAN}} |Na 21 |3 |0 |1 |2 |3 |6 |- |[[2019 FIFA Women's World Cup|2019]]{{Flagicon|FRA|1974}} | rowspan="2" |Zagaye na 16 |Na 16 |4 |1 |0 |3 |2 |7 |- |{{Nowrap|{{flagicon|AUS}} {{flagicon|NZL}} [[2023 FIFA Women's World Cup|2023]]}} |Na 10 |4 |1 |3 |0 |3 |2 |- |[[2027 FIFA Women's World Cup|2027]]{{Flagicon|BRA}} | colspan="8" |''Don ƙaddara'' |- |{{Nowrap|{{flagicon|CRC}} {{flagicon|JAM}} {{flagicon|MEX}} {{flagicon|USA}} [[2031 FIFA Women's World Cup|2031]]}} | colspan="8" |''Don ƙaddara'' |- |[[2035 FIFA Women's World Cup|2035]]{{Flagicon|UK}} | colspan="8" |''Don ƙaddara'' |- !'''Jimillar''' !9/12 !0 lakabi !30 !5 !6 !19 !23 !65 |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;font-size:100%;" ! colspan="6" style="background: #013A5E; color: #FFFFFF;" |Tarihin gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA |- !Shekara !Zagaye !Ranar !Abokin hamayya !Sakamakon !Filin wasa |- | rowspan="3" |[[1991 FIFA Women's World Cup|1991]]{{Flagicon|CHN}} | rowspan="3" |Mataki na rukuni | align="left" |17 ga Nuwamba | align="left" |{{Fbw|GER}} |'''L''' 0-4 | align="left" |[[Jiangmen]]_Stadium" id="mwyQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Jiangmen Stadium">Filin wasa na Jiangmen, Jiangmen |- | align="left" |19 ga Nuwamba | align="left" |{{Fbw|ITA}} |'''L''' 0-1 | align="left" |[[Zhongshan]]_Stadium" id="mw0w" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Zhongshan Stadium">Filin wasa na Zhongshan, Zhongsham |- | align="left" |21 ga Nuwamba | align="left" |{{Fbw|TPE|football-old}} |'''L''' 0-2 | align="left" |[[Jiangmen]]_Stadium" id="mw3Q" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Jiangmen Stadium">Filin wasa na Jiangmen, Jiangmen |- | rowspan="3" |[[1995 FIFA Women's World Cup|1995]]{{Flagicon|SWE}} | rowspan="3" |Mataki na rukuni | align="left" |6 ga Yuni | align="left" |{{Fbw|NOR}} |'''L''' 0-8 | align="left" |Tingvallen, Karlstad |- | align="left" |8 ga Yuni | align="left" |{{Fbw|CAN}} |'''D''' 3-3 | align="left" |[[Helsingborg]])" id="mw9Q" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Olympia (Helsingborg)">Olympia, Helsingborg |- | align="left" |10 Yuni | align="left" |{{Fbw|ENG}} |'''L''' 2-3 | align="left" |Tingvallen, Karlstad |- | rowspan="4" |[[1999 FIFA Women's World Cup|1999]]{{Flagicon|USA}} | rowspan="3" |Mataki na rukuni | align="left" |20 ga Yuni | align="left" |{{Fbw|PRK}} |'''W''' 2-1 | align="left" |Rose Bowl, PasadenaHanyar wucewa |- | align="left" |24 ga Yuni | align="left" |{{Fbw|USA}} |'''L''' 1-7 | align="left" |Filin Soja, [[Chicago]] |- | align="left" |27 Yuni | align="left" |{{Fbw|DEN}} |'''W''' 2-0 | rowspan="2" align="left" |Filin wasa na Jack Kent Cooke, Landover |- |{{Nowrap|Quarter-finals}} | align="left" |1 ga Yuli | align="left" |{{Fbw|BRA}} |'''L''' 3-4 () |- | rowspan="3" |[[2003 FIFA Women's World Cup|2003]]{{Flagicon|USA}} | rowspan="3" |Mataki na rukuni | align="left" |20 ga Satumba | align="left" |{{Fbw|PRK}} |'''L''' 0-3 | rowspan="2" align="left" |Filin Kudi na Lincoln, Philadelphia[[Philadelphia|Filadelfia]] |- | align="left" |25 ga Satumba | align="left" |{{Fbw|USA}} |'''L''' 0-5 |- | align="left" |28 ga Satumba | align="left" |{{Fbw|SWE}} |'''L''' 0-3 | align="left" |[[Columbus, Ohio|Columbus]]_Crew_Stadium" id="mwAUo" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Columbus Crew Stadium">Filin wasa na Columbus Crew, Columbus |- | rowspan="3" |[[2007 FIFA Women's World Cup|2007]]{{Flagicon|CHN}} | rowspan="3" |Mataki na rukuni | align="left" |11 ga Satumba | align="left" |{{Fbw|SWE}} |'''D''' 1-1 | rowspan="2" align="left" |[[Chengdu]]_Sports_Center" id="mwAVg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Chengdu Sports Center">Cibiyar Wasanni ta Chengdu, Chengdu |- | align="left" |14 ga Satumba | align="left" |{{Fbw|PRK}} |'''L''' 0-2 |- | align="left" |18 ga Satumba | align="left" |{{Fbw|USA}} |'''L''' 0-1 | align="left" |Filin wasa na Hongkou, [[Shanghai]] |- | rowspan="3" |[[2011 FIFA Women's World Cup|2011]]{{Flagicon|GER}} | rowspan="3" |Mataki na rukuni | align="left" |26 ga Yuni | align="left" |{{Fbw|FRA|1974}} |'''L''' 0-1 | align="left" |Rhein-Neckar-Arena, Sinsheim |- | align="left" |30 Yuni | align="left" |{{Fbw|GER}} |'''L''' 0-1 | align="left" |Kasuwanci-Arena, [[Frankfurt]] |- | align="left" |5 ga Yuli | align="left" |{{Fbw|CAN}} |'''W''' 1-0 | align="left" |Rudolf-Harbig-Stadion, [[Dresden]] |- | rowspan="3" |[[2015 FIFA Women's World Cup|2015]]{{Flagicon|CAN}} | rowspan="3" |Mataki na rukuni | align="left" |8 ga Yuni | align="left" |{{Fbw|SWE}} |'''D''' 3-3 | rowspan="2" align="left" |Filin wasa na [[Winnipeg]], Winnipeg |- | align="left" |12 Yuni | align="left" |{{Fbw|AUS}} |'''L''' 0-2 |- | align="left" |16 ga Yuni | align="left" |{{Fbw|USA}} |'''L''' 0-1 | align="left" |BC Place, [[Vancouver]] |- | rowspan="4" |[[2019 FIFA Women's World Cup|2019]]{{Flagicon|FRA|1974}} | rowspan="3" |Mataki na rukuni | align="left" |8 ga Yuni | align="left" |{{Fbw|NOR}} |'''L''' 0-3 | align="left" |Filin wasa na Auguste-Delaune, [[Reims]] |- | align="left" |12 Yuni | align="left" |{{Fbw|KOR}} |'''W''' 2-0 | align="left" |Filin wasa na Alps, [[Grenoble]] |- | align="left" |17 ga Yuni | align="left" |{{Fbw|FRA|1974}} |'''L''' 0-1 | align="left" |Gidan shakatawa na Roazhon, Rennes[[Rennes|Dabbobin daji]] |- |Zagaye na 16 | align="left" |22 ga Yuni | align="left" |{{Fbw|GER}} |'''L''' 0-3 | align="left" |Filin wasa na Alps, [[Grenoble]] |- | rowspan="4" |{{Nowrap|{{flagicon|AUS}}/{{flagicon|NZL}} [[2023 FIFA Women's World Cup|2023]]}} | rowspan="3" |Mataki na rukuni | align="left" |21 ga Yuli | align="left" |{{Fbw|CAN}} |'''D''' 0-0 | align="left" |[[Melbourne]]_Rectangular_Stadium" id="mwAeQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Melbourne Rectangular Stadium">Filin wasa na Melbourne Rectangular, Melbourne |- | align="left" |26 ga Yuli | align="left" |{{Fbw|AUS}} |'''W''' 3-2 | rowspan="3" align="left" |Lang Park, [[Brisbane]] |- | align="left" |31 ga Yuli | align="left" |{{Fbw|IRL}} |'''D''' 0-0 |- |Zagaye na 16 | align="left" |7 ga watan Agusta | align="left" |{{Fbw|ENG}} |'''D''' 0-0 (4-2 ()) |} == Manazarta == gm22os479jykzfxwkvb3bmqc0fm8roz 0 149212 830027 2026-05-05T09:36:44Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1327640826|1991 FIFA Women's World Cup Group C]]" 830027 wikitext text/x-wiki Rukunin C na gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA ta 1991 ya gudana daga 17 zuwa 21 ga Nuwamba 1991. Kungiyar ta kunshi Taipei na kasar Sin, Jamus, Italiya da [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Najeriya|Najeriya]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shannon |first=David |date=25 June 2015 |title=Women's World Cup 1991 (China) |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesw/wwc91f.html |access-date=6 January 2020 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref>   Duk lokutan da aka jera sune na gida, CST (UTC+8). === Jamus da Najeriya === <div class="footballbox" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/SportsEvent" style="color:inherit"><div class="fleft"><div class="fdate"><time>17 Nuwamba 1991 (1991-17) &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="display: none;"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1991-11-17</span>)&nbsp;</span></time></div><div class="ftime"><time>15:30</time></div></div> {| class="fevent" |- itemprop="name" ! class="fhome" itemprop="homeTeam" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/SportsTeam" |<span itemprop="name">[[Germany women's national football team|Jamus]]<span class="flagicon">&nbsp;[[File:Flag_of_Germany.svg|link=|alt=|border|23x23px]]</span></span> ! class="fscore" |4–0 ! class="faway" itemprop="awayTeam" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/SportsTeam" |<span itemprop="name"><span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Nigeria.svg|link=|alt=|border|23x23px]]&nbsp;</span>[[Nigeria women's national football team|Najeriya]]</span> |- class="fgoals" | class="fhgoal" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="plainlist"> * Ya kasance mai laushi 16'<span class="fb-goal">[[Fayil:Soccerball_shade.svg|link=|alt=|13x13px|Goal]]&#x20;<span>16'&#x27;</span></span> * Mohr 32', 34'<span class="fb-goal">32', 34'[[Fayil:Soccerball_shade.svg|link=|alt=|13x13px|Goal]]&#x20;<span>34'&#x27;</span></span> * Gottschlich 57'<span class="fb-goal">[[Fayil:Soccerball_shade.svg|link=|alt=|13x13px|Goal]]&#x20;<span>57'&#x27;</span></span> </div> |[https://www.fifa.com/en/match-centre/match/103/3373/1309/21985 Rahoton] | class="fagoal" | |} <div class="fright"><div itemprop="location" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Place"><span itemprop="name address">[[Jiangmen]]_Stadium" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Jiangmen Stadium">Filin wasa na Jiangmen, Jiangmen</span></div><div>Masu halarta: 14,000 </div><div>Mai ba da shawara: [[Rafael Rodríguez Medina]] (El Salvador) </div></div></div> {| width="100%" | valign="top" width="40%" | {| cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-size:90%" ! width="25" | ! width="25" | |- |GK |'''1''' |Marion Isbert |- |DF |'''2''' |Britta Unsleber | |{{Suboff|35}} |- |DF |'''3''' |Birgitt Austermühl |- |DF |'''4''' |Jutta Nardenbach |- |DF |'''5''' |Doris Fitschen |- |MF |'''7''' |Martina Voss |- |MF |'''8''' |Bettina Wiegmann |- |MF |'''10''' |Silvia Neid | |{{Suboff|36}} |- |MF |'''14''' |Petra Damm |- |FW |'''9''' |Heidi Mohr |- |FW |'''16''' |Gudrun Gottschlich |- | colspan="3" |'''Canje-canjen:''' |- |DF |'''6''' |Yaudarar Kuhlmann | |{{Subon|35}} |- |MF |'''13''' |Roswitha Bindl | |{{Subon|36}} |- | colspan="3" |'''Manajan:''' |- | colspan="3" |Gero Bisanz |} | valign="top" | | valign="top" width="50%" | {| cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-size:90%; margin:auto" ! width="25" | ! width="25" | |- |GK |'''1''' |[[Ann Chiejine]] |- |DF |'''2''' |[[Diana Nwaiwu]] |- |DF |'''5''' |[[Omo-Love Branch|Ofishin Omo-Love]] |- |DF |'''10''' |[[Mavis Ogun]] |- |DF |'''14''' |[[Phoebe Ebimiekumo]] |- |MF |'''12''' |[[Florence Omagbemi]] |- |MF |'''13''' |[[Nkiru Okosieme]] |- |MF |'''15''' |[[Ann Mukoro]] |- |FW |'''4''' |[[Adaku Okoroafor]] | |{{Suboff|34}} |- |FW |'''8''' |[[Rita Nwadike]] |- |FW |'''9''' |[[Ngozi Eucharia Uche]] | |{{Suboff|41}} |- | colspan="3" |'''Canje-canjen:''' |- |FW |'''11''' |[[Gift Showemimo|Kyautar Showemimo]] | |{{Subon|34}} |- |FW |'''7''' |[[Chioma Ajunwa]] | |{{Subon|41}} |- | colspan="3" |'''Manajan:''' |- | colspan="3" |[[Jo Bonfrère]]{{Flagicon|NED}} |} |} == Dubi kuma == * Taipei na kasar Sin a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA * Jamus a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA * Italiya a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA * Najeriya a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA == Manazarta == fg14xozmp4352kry7gy3f4qd1cofprd 830029 830027 2026-05-05T09:37:04Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 830029 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Rukunin C na gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA ta 1991 ya gudana daga 17 zuwa 21 ga Nuwamba 1991. Kungiyar ta kunshi Taipei na kasar Sin, Jamus, Italiya da [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Najeriya|Najeriya]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shannon |first=David |date=25 June 2015 |title=Women's World Cup 1991 (China) |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesw/wwc91f.html |access-date=6 January 2020 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref>   Duk lokutan da aka jera sune na gida, CST (UTC+8). === Jamus da Najeriya === <div class="footballbox" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/SportsEvent" style="color:inherit"><div class="fleft"><div class="fdate"><time>17 Nuwamba 1991 (1991-17) &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="display: none;"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1991-11-17</span>)&nbsp;</span></time></div><div class="ftime"><time>15:30</time></div></div> {| class="fevent" |- itemprop="name" ! class="fhome" itemprop="homeTeam" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/SportsTeam" |<span itemprop="name">[[Germany women's national football team|Jamus]]<span class="flagicon">&nbsp;[[File:Flag_of_Germany.svg|link=|alt=|border|23x23px]]</span></span> ! class="fscore" |4–0 ! class="faway" itemprop="awayTeam" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/SportsTeam" |<span itemprop="name"><span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Nigeria.svg|link=|alt=|border|23x23px]]&nbsp;</span>[[Nigeria women's national football team|Najeriya]]</span> |- class="fgoals" | class="fhgoal" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="plainlist"> * Ya kasance mai laushi 16'<span class="fb-goal">[[Fayil:Soccerball_shade.svg|link=|alt=|13x13px|Goal]]&#x20;<span>16'&#x27;</span></span> * Mohr 32', 34'<span class="fb-goal">32', 34'[[Fayil:Soccerball_shade.svg|link=|alt=|13x13px|Goal]]&#x20;<span>34'&#x27;</span></span> * Gottschlich 57'<span class="fb-goal">[[Fayil:Soccerball_shade.svg|link=|alt=|13x13px|Goal]]&#x20;<span>57'&#x27;</span></span> </div> |[https://www.fifa.com/en/match-centre/match/103/3373/1309/21985 Rahoton] | class="fagoal" | |} <div class="fright"><div itemprop="location" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Place"><span itemprop="name address">[[Jiangmen]]_Stadium" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Jiangmen Stadium">Filin wasa na Jiangmen, Jiangmen</span></div><div>Masu halarta: 14,000 </div><div>Mai ba da shawara: [[Rafael Rodríguez Medina]] (El Salvador) </div></div></div> {| width="100%" | valign="top" width="40%" | {| cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-size:90%" ! width="25" | ! width="25" | |- |GK |'''1''' |Marion Isbert |- |DF |'''2''' |Britta Unsleber | |{{Suboff|35}} |- |DF |'''3''' |Birgitt Austermühl |- |DF |'''4''' |Jutta Nardenbach |- |DF |'''5''' |Doris Fitschen |- |MF |'''7''' |Martina Voss |- |MF |'''8''' |Bettina Wiegmann |- |MF |'''10''' |Silvia Neid | |{{Suboff|36}} |- |MF |'''14''' |Petra Damm |- |FW |'''9''' |Heidi Mohr |- |FW |'''16''' |Gudrun Gottschlich |- | colspan="3" |'''Canje-canjen:''' |- |DF |'''6''' |Yaudarar Kuhlmann | |{{Subon|35}} |- |MF |'''13''' |Roswitha Bindl | |{{Subon|36}} |- | colspan="3" |'''Manajan:''' |- | colspan="3" |Gero Bisanz |} | valign="top" | | valign="top" width="50%" | {| cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-size:90%; margin:auto" ! width="25" | ! width="25" | |- |GK |'''1''' |[[Ann Chiejine]] |- |DF |'''2''' |[[Diana Nwaiwu]] |- |DF |'''5''' |[[Omo-Love Branch|Ofishin Omo-Love]] |- |DF |'''10''' |[[Mavis Ogun]] |- |DF |'''14''' |[[Phoebe Ebimiekumo]] |- |MF |'''12''' |[[Florence Omagbemi]] |- |MF |'''13''' |[[Nkiru Okosieme]] |- |MF |'''15''' |[[Ann Mukoro]] |- |FW |'''4''' |[[Adaku Okoroafor]] | |{{Suboff|34}} |- |FW |'''8''' |[[Rita Nwadike]] |- |FW |'''9''' |[[Ngozi Eucharia Uche]] | |{{Suboff|41}} |- | colspan="3" |'''Canje-canjen:''' |- |FW |'''11''' |[[Gift Showemimo|Kyautar Showemimo]] | |{{Subon|34}} |- |FW |'''7''' |[[Chioma Ajunwa]] | |{{Subon|41}} |- | colspan="3" |'''Manajan:''' |- | colspan="3" |[[Jo Bonfrère]]{{Flagicon|NED}} |} |} == Dubi kuma == * Taipei na kasar Sin a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA * Jamus a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA * Italiya a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA * Najeriya a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA == Manazarta == 2qq7isf6557otts9kylbz65csfuz956 0 149213 830032 2026-05-05T09:37:38Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1327640855|1995 FIFA Women's World Cup Group B]]" 830032 wikitext text/x-wiki Rukunin B na gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA ta 1995 ya gudana daga 6 zuwa 10 Yuni 1995. Kungiyar ta kunshi Kanada, Ingila, [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Najeriya|Najeriya]] da Norway.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shannon |first=David |date=25 June 2015 |title=Women's World Cup 1995 (Sweden) |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesw/wwc95f.html |access-date=6 January 2020 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref>   == Wasanni == Duk lokutan da aka jera sune na gida, CEST (UTC+2). === Norway da Najeriya === <div class="footballbox" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/SportsEvent" style="color:inherit"><div class="fleft"><div class="fdate"><time>8 Yuni 1995 <span style="display: none;"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1995-06-08</span>)&nbsp;</span> &nbsp;&nbsp;</time></div><div class="ftime"><time>19:00</time></div></div> {| class="fevent" |- itemprop="name" ! class="fhome" itemprop="homeTeam" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/SportsTeam" |<span itemprop="name">[[Nigeria women's national football team|Najeriya]]<span class="flagicon">&nbsp;[[File:Flag_of_Nigeria.svg|link=|alt=|border|23x23px]]</span></span> ! class="fscore" |3–3 ! class="faway" itemprop="awayTeam" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/SportsTeam" |<span itemprop="name"><span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Canada_(Pantone).svg|link=|alt=|border|23x23px]]&nbsp;</span>[[Canada women's national soccer team|Kanada]]</span> |- class="fgoals" | class="fhgoal" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="plainlist"> * [[Rita Nwadike|Nwadike]] 26'<span class="fb-goal">[[Fayil:Soccerball_shade.svg|link=|alt=|13x13px|Goal]]&#x20;<span>26'&#x27;</span></span> * [[Patience Avre|Avre]] 60'<span class="fb-goal">[[Fayil:Soccerball_shade.svg|link=|alt=|13x13px|Goal]]&#x20;<span>60'&#x27;</span></span> * [[Adaku Okoroafor|Okoroafor]] 77'<span class="fb-goal">[[Fayil:Soccerball_shade.svg|link=|alt=|13x13px|Goal]]&#x20;<span>77'&#x27;</span></span> </div> |[https://www.fifa.com/tournaments/womens/womensworldcup/sweden1995/match-center/21911 Rahoton] | class="fagoal" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="plainlist"> * Burtini 12', 55'<span class="fb-goal">12', 55'[[Fayil:Soccerball_shade.svg|link=|alt=|13x13px|Goal]]&#x20;<span>55'&#x27;</span></span> * Donnelly 20'<span class="fb-goal">[[Fayil:Soccerball_shade.svg|link=|alt=|13x13px|Goal]]&#x20;<span>20'&#x27;</span></span> </div> |} <div class="fright"><div itemprop="location" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Place"><span itemprop="name address">[[Helsingborg]])" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Olympia (Helsingborg)">Olympia, Helsingborg</span></div><div>Masu halarta: 250</div><div>Mai ba da shawara: Pirom Un-prasert (Thailand) </div></div></div><div class="footballbox" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/SportsEvent" style="color:inherit"><div class="fleft"><div class="fdate"><time>6 Yuni 1995 <span style="display: none;"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1995-06-06</span>)&nbsp;</span> &nbsp;&nbsp;</time></div><div class="ftime"><time>19:00</time></div></div> {| class="fevent" |- itemprop="name" ! class="fhome" itemprop="homeTeam" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/SportsTeam" |<span itemprop="name">[[Norway women's national football team|Norway]]<span class="flagicon">&nbsp;[[File:Flag_of_Norway.svg|link=|alt=|border|21x21px]]</span></span> ! class="fscore" |8–0 ! class="faway" itemprop="awayTeam" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/SportsTeam" |<span itemprop="name"><span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Nigeria.svg|link=|alt=|border|23x23px]]&nbsp;</span>[[Nigeria women's national football team|Najeriya]]</span> |- class="fgoals" | class="fhgoal" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="plainlist"> * Sandberg 30', 44', 82'<span class="fb-goal">30', 44', 82'[[Fayil:Soccerball_shade.svg|link=|alt=|13x13px|Goal]]&#x20;<span>82'&#x27;</span></span> * Riise 49'<span class="fb-goal">[[Fayil:Soccerball_shade.svg|link=|alt=|13x13px|Goal]]&#x20;<span>49'&#x27;</span></span> * Aarønes 60', 90'<span class="fb-goal">60', 90'[[Fayil:Soccerball_shade.svg|link=|alt=|13x13px|Goal]]&#x20;<span>90'&#x27;</span></span> * Medalen 67'<span class="fb-goal">[[Fayil:Soccerball_shade.svg|link=|alt=|13x13px|Goal]]&#x20;<span>67'&#x27;</span></span> * Svensson <span class="fb-goal">[[Fayil:Soccerball_shade.svg|link=|alt=|13x13px|Goal]]&#x20;<span>76' (pen.) &nbsp;</span></span> </div> |[https://www.fifa.com/tournaments/womens/womensworldcup/sweden1995/match-center/21908 Rahoton] | class="fagoal" | |} <div class="fright"><div itemprop="location" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Place"><span itemprop="name address">Tingvalla IP, Karlstad</span></div><div>Masu halarta: 4,344</div><div>Mai ba da shawara: Alain Hamer (Luxembourg) </div></div></div> {| width="100%" | valign="top" width="40%" | {| cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-size:90%" ! width="25" | ! width="25" | |- |GK |'''1''' |Bente Nordby |- |DF |'''2''' |Tina Svensson |- |DF |'''3''' |Gro ya yi tsayi |- |DF |'''13''' |Merete Myklebust |- |MF |'''4''' |Anne Nymark Andersen | |{{Suboff|77}} |- |MF |'''6''' |Hege Riise | |{{Suboff|69}} |- |MF |'''7''' |Sautin Haugen |- |MF |'''8''' |Heidi Støre | |{{Suboff|55}} |- |FW |'''9''' |Kristin Sandberg |- |FW |'''10''' |Linda Medalen |- |FW |'''11''' |Ann Kristin Aarønes |- | colspan="3" |'''Canje-canjen:''' |- |FW |'''16''' |Marianne Pettersen | |{{Subon|55}} |- |MF |'''18''' |Sautin Gunn Frustøl | |{{Subon|69}} |- |DF |'''5''' |Nina Nymark Andersen | |{{Subon|77}} |- | colspan="3" |'''Manajan:''' |- | colspan="3" |Har ma da Pellerud |} | valign="top" | | valign="top" width="50%" | {| cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-size:90%; margin:auto" ! width="25" | ! width="25" | |- |GK |'''1''' |[[Ann Chiejine]] |- |DF |'''2''' |[[Florence Omagbemi]] |- |DF |'''3''' |[[Ngozi Ezeocha]] | 69' ' |{{Suboff|71}} |- |DF |'''5''' |[[Omo-Love Branch|Ofishin Omo-Love]] | |{{Suboff|73}} |- |DF |'''10''' |[[Mavis Ogun]] |- |DF |'''14''' |[[Phoebe Ebimiekumo]] |- |MF |'''8''' |[[Rita Nwadike]] |- |MF |'''12''' |[[Mercy Akide|Rahama Akide]] | |{{Suboff|46}} |- |MF |'''13''' |[[Nkiru Okosieme]] |- |MF |'''20''' |[[Ann Mukoro]] |- |FW |'''4''' |[[Adaku Okoroafor]] |- | colspan="3" |'''Canje-canjen:''' |- |MF |'''18''' |[[Patience Avre|Mai haƙuri Mai Girma]] | |{{Subon|46}} |- |DF |'''11''' |[[Prisca Emeafu]] | |{{Subon|71}} |- |MF |'''7''' |[[Nkechi Mbilitam]] | 86' ' |{{Subon|73}} |- | colspan="3" |'''Manajan:''' |- | colspan="3" |[[Paul Hamilton (Ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa)|Paul Hamilton]] |} |} === Najeriya da Kanada === {{Reflist}} {| width="100%" | valign="top" width="40%" | {| cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-size:90%" ! width="25" | ! width="25" | |- |GK |'''1''' |[[Ann Chiejine]] |- |DF |'''2''' |[[Florence Omagbemi]] |- |DF |'''5''' |[[Omo-Love Branch|Ofishin Omo-Love]] | |{{Suboff|41}} |- |DF |'''10''' |[[Mavis Ogun]] |- |DF |'''11''' |[[Prisca Emeafu]] |- |DF |'''14''' |[[Phoebe Ebimiekumo]] |- |MF |'''6''' |[[Yinka Kudaisi]] |- |MF |'''8''' |[[Rita Nwadike]] |- |MF |'''18''' |[[Patience Avre|Mai haƙuri Mai Girma]] | 14' ' |- |FW |'''4''' |[[Adaku Okoroafor]] |- |FW |'''15''' |[[Maureen Mmadu]] | |{{Suboff|60}} |- | colspan="3" |'''Canje-canjen:''' |- |MF |'''7''' |[[Nkechi Mbilitam]] | 83' ' |{{Subon|41}} |- |MF |'''20''' |[[Ann Mukoro]] | |{{Subon|60}} |- | colspan="3" |'''Manajan:''' |- | colspan="3" |[[Paul Hamilton (Ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa)|Paul Hamilton]] |} | valign="top" | | valign="top" width="50%" | {| cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-size:90%; margin:auto" ! width="25" | ! width="25" | |- |GK |'''18''' |Carla Chin |- |DF |'''4''' |Michelle Ring |- |DF |'''5''' |Andrea Neil |- |DF |'''9''' |Janine Helland |- |DF |'''16''' |Luce Mongrain | 44' ' |- |MF |'''6''' |Geri Donnelly |- |MF |'''10''' |Veronica O'Brien | |{{Suboff|61}} |- |MF |'''11''' |Annie Caron | |{{Suboff|77}} |- |MF |'''13''' |Angela Kelly |- |FW |'''3''' |Charmaine Hooper |- |FW |'''17''' |Silvana Burtini |- | colspan="3" |'''Canje-canjen:''' |- |MF |'''19''' |Suzanne Gerrior | |{{Subon|61}} |- |FW |'''2''' |Helen Stoumbos | |{{Subon|77}} |- | colspan="3" |'''Manajan:''' |- | colspan="3" |Sylvie Béliveau |} |} == Dubi kuma == * Kanada a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA * Ingila a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA * Najeriya a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA * Norway a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA == Manazarta == 9htlhp0u8vx801og0z8vn5rmuvzu6fk 830035 830032 2026-05-05T09:38:07Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 830035 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Rukunin B na gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA ta 1995 ya gudana daga 6 zuwa 10 Yuni 1995. Kungiyar ta kunshi Kanada, Ingila, [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Najeriya|Najeriya]] da Norway.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shannon |first=David |date=25 June 2015 |title=Women's World Cup 1995 (Sweden) |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesw/wwc95f.html |access-date=6 January 2020 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref>   == Wasanni == Duk lokutan da aka jera sune na gida, CEST (UTC+2). === Norway da Najeriya === <div class="footballbox" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/SportsEvent" style="color:inherit"><div class="fleft"><div class="fdate"><time>8 Yuni 1995 <span style="display: none;"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1995-06-08</span>)&nbsp;</span> &nbsp;&nbsp;</time></div><div class="ftime"><time>19:00</time></div></div> {| class="fevent" |- itemprop="name" ! class="fhome" itemprop="homeTeam" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/SportsTeam" |<span itemprop="name">[[Nigeria women's national football team|Najeriya]]<span class="flagicon">&nbsp;[[File:Flag_of_Nigeria.svg|link=|alt=|border|23x23px]]</span></span> ! class="fscore" |3–3 ! class="faway" itemprop="awayTeam" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/SportsTeam" |<span itemprop="name"><span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Canada_(Pantone).svg|link=|alt=|border|23x23px]]&nbsp;</span>[[Canada women's national soccer team|Kanada]]</span> |- class="fgoals" | class="fhgoal" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="plainlist"> * [[Rita Nwadike|Nwadike]] 26'<span class="fb-goal">[[Fayil:Soccerball_shade.svg|link=|alt=|13x13px|Goal]]&#x20;<span>26'&#x27;</span></span> * [[Patience Avre|Avre]] 60'<span class="fb-goal">[[Fayil:Soccerball_shade.svg|link=|alt=|13x13px|Goal]]&#x20;<span>60'&#x27;</span></span> * [[Adaku Okoroafor|Okoroafor]] 77'<span class="fb-goal">[[Fayil:Soccerball_shade.svg|link=|alt=|13x13px|Goal]]&#x20;<span>77'&#x27;</span></span> </div> |[https://www.fifa.com/tournaments/womens/womensworldcup/sweden1995/match-center/21911 Rahoton] | class="fagoal" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="plainlist"> * Burtini 12', 55'<span class="fb-goal">12', 55'[[Fayil:Soccerball_shade.svg|link=|alt=|13x13px|Goal]]&#x20;<span>55'&#x27;</span></span> * Donnelly 20'<span class="fb-goal">[[Fayil:Soccerball_shade.svg|link=|alt=|13x13px|Goal]]&#x20;<span>20'&#x27;</span></span> </div> |} <div class="fright"><div itemprop="location" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Place"><span itemprop="name address">[[Helsingborg]])" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Olympia (Helsingborg)">Olympia, Helsingborg</span></div><div>Masu halarta: 250</div><div>Mai ba da shawara: Pirom Un-prasert (Thailand) </div></div></div><div class="footballbox" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/SportsEvent" style="color:inherit"><div class="fleft"><div class="fdate"><time>6 Yuni 1995 <span style="display: none;"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1995-06-06</span>)&nbsp;</span> &nbsp;&nbsp;</time></div><div class="ftime"><time>19:00</time></div></div> {| class="fevent" |- itemprop="name" ! class="fhome" itemprop="homeTeam" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/SportsTeam" |<span itemprop="name">[[Norway women's national football team|Norway]]<span class="flagicon">&nbsp;[[File:Flag_of_Norway.svg|link=|alt=|border|21x21px]]</span></span> ! class="fscore" |8–0 ! class="faway" itemprop="awayTeam" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/SportsTeam" |<span itemprop="name"><span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Nigeria.svg|link=|alt=|border|23x23px]]&nbsp;</span>[[Nigeria women's national football team|Najeriya]]</span> |- class="fgoals" | class="fhgoal" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="plainlist"> * Sandberg 30', 44', 82'<span class="fb-goal">30', 44', 82'[[Fayil:Soccerball_shade.svg|link=|alt=|13x13px|Goal]]&#x20;<span>82'&#x27;</span></span> * Riise 49'<span class="fb-goal">[[Fayil:Soccerball_shade.svg|link=|alt=|13x13px|Goal]]&#x20;<span>49'&#x27;</span></span> * Aarønes 60', 90'<span class="fb-goal">60', 90'[[Fayil:Soccerball_shade.svg|link=|alt=|13x13px|Goal]]&#x20;<span>90'&#x27;</span></span> * Medalen 67'<span class="fb-goal">[[Fayil:Soccerball_shade.svg|link=|alt=|13x13px|Goal]]&#x20;<span>67'&#x27;</span></span> * Svensson <span class="fb-goal">[[Fayil:Soccerball_shade.svg|link=|alt=|13x13px|Goal]]&#x20;<span>76' (pen.) &nbsp;</span></span> </div> |[https://www.fifa.com/tournaments/womens/womensworldcup/sweden1995/match-center/21908 Rahoton] | class="fagoal" | |} <div class="fright"><div itemprop="location" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Place"><span itemprop="name address">Tingvalla IP, Karlstad</span></div><div>Masu halarta: 4,344</div><div>Mai ba da shawara: Alain Hamer (Luxembourg) </div></div></div> {| width="100%" | valign="top" width="40%" | {| cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-size:90%" ! width="25" | ! width="25" | |- |GK |'''1''' |Bente Nordby |- |DF |'''2''' |Tina Svensson |- |DF |'''3''' |Gro ya yi tsayi |- |DF |'''13''' |Merete Myklebust |- |MF |'''4''' |Anne Nymark Andersen | |{{Suboff|77}} |- |MF |'''6''' |Hege Riise | |{{Suboff|69}} |- |MF |'''7''' |Sautin Haugen |- |MF |'''8''' |Heidi Støre | |{{Suboff|55}} |- |FW |'''9''' |Kristin Sandberg |- |FW |'''10''' |Linda Medalen |- |FW |'''11''' |Ann Kristin Aarønes |- | colspan="3" |'''Canje-canjen:''' |- |FW |'''16''' |Marianne Pettersen | |{{Subon|55}} |- |MF |'''18''' |Sautin Gunn Frustøl | |{{Subon|69}} |- |DF |'''5''' |Nina Nymark Andersen | |{{Subon|77}} |- | colspan="3" |'''Manajan:''' |- | colspan="3" |Har ma da Pellerud |} | valign="top" | | valign="top" width="50%" | {| cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-size:90%; margin:auto" ! width="25" | ! width="25" | |- |GK |'''1''' |[[Ann Chiejine]] |- |DF |'''2''' |[[Florence Omagbemi]] |- |DF |'''3''' |[[Ngozi Ezeocha]] | 69' ' |{{Suboff|71}} |- |DF |'''5''' |[[Omo-Love Branch|Ofishin Omo-Love]] | |{{Suboff|73}} |- |DF |'''10''' |[[Mavis Ogun]] |- |DF |'''14''' |[[Phoebe Ebimiekumo]] |- |MF |'''8''' |[[Rita Nwadike]] |- |MF |'''12''' |[[Mercy Akide|Rahama Akide]] | |{{Suboff|46}} |- |MF |'''13''' |[[Nkiru Okosieme]] |- |MF |'''20''' |[[Ann Mukoro]] |- |FW |'''4''' |[[Adaku Okoroafor]] |- | colspan="3" |'''Canje-canjen:''' |- |MF |'''18''' |[[Patience Avre|Mai haƙuri Mai Girma]] | |{{Subon|46}} |- |DF |'''11''' |[[Prisca Emeafu]] | |{{Subon|71}} |- |MF |'''7''' |[[Nkechi Mbilitam]] | 86' ' |{{Subon|73}} |- | colspan="3" |'''Manajan:''' |- | colspan="3" |[[Paul Hamilton (Ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa)|Paul Hamilton]] |} |} === Najeriya da Kanada === {{Reflist}} {| width="100%" | valign="top" width="40%" | {| cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-size:90%" ! width="25" | ! width="25" | |- |GK |'''1''' |[[Ann Chiejine]] |- |DF |'''2''' |[[Florence Omagbemi]] |- |DF |'''5''' |[[Omo-Love Branch|Ofishin Omo-Love]] | |{{Suboff|41}} |- |DF |'''10''' |[[Mavis Ogun]] |- |DF |'''11''' |[[Prisca Emeafu]] |- |DF |'''14''' |[[Phoebe Ebimiekumo]] |- |MF |'''6''' |[[Yinka Kudaisi]] |- |MF |'''8''' |[[Rita Nwadike]] |- |MF |'''18''' |[[Patience Avre|Mai haƙuri Mai Girma]] | 14' ' |- |FW |'''4''' |[[Adaku Okoroafor]] |- |FW |'''15''' |[[Maureen Mmadu]] | |{{Suboff|60}} |- | colspan="3" |'''Canje-canjen:''' |- |MF |'''7''' |[[Nkechi Mbilitam]] | 83' ' |{{Subon|41}} |- |MF |'''20''' |[[Ann Mukoro]] | |{{Subon|60}} |- | colspan="3" |'''Manajan:''' |- | colspan="3" |[[Paul Hamilton (Ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa)|Paul Hamilton]] |} | valign="top" | | valign="top" width="50%" | {| cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-size:90%; margin:auto" ! width="25" | ! width="25" | |- |GK |'''18''' |Carla Chin |- |DF |'''4''' |Michelle Ring |- |DF |'''5''' |Andrea Neil |- |DF |'''9''' |Janine Helland |- |DF |'''16''' |Luce Mongrain | 44' ' |- |MF |'''6''' |Geri Donnelly |- |MF |'''10''' |Veronica O'Brien | |{{Suboff|61}} |- |MF |'''11''' |Annie Caron | |{{Suboff|77}} |- |MF |'''13''' |Angela Kelly |- |FW |'''3''' |Charmaine Hooper |- |FW |'''17''' |Silvana Burtini |- | colspan="3" |'''Canje-canjen:''' |- |MF |'''19''' |Suzanne Gerrior | |{{Subon|61}} |- |FW |'''2''' |Helen Stoumbos | |{{Subon|77}} |- | colspan="3" |'''Manajan:''' |- | colspan="3" |Sylvie Béliveau |} |} == Dubi kuma == * Kanada a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA * Ingila a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA * Najeriya a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA * Norway a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA == Manazarta == l7hz01s02qq3uaizyyfvp039uzx8nhg 0 149214 830034 2026-05-05T09:37:51Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1318872811|Thijs Hendriks]]" 830034 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Thijs Hendriks''' (an haife shi a ranar 5 ga Fabrairu 1985) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Holland wanda ya yi ritaya wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin ɗan gaba kuma manajan ƙungiyar DVOL Lent ta ƙasar Holland a yanzu. == Aikin kulob == [[Fayil:Thijs_Hendriks_huldiging.JPG|thumb|Hendriks yana murnar lashe Topklasse a cikin 2013]] Hendriks ya fara aikinsa da NEC a shekara ta 2004. A shekara mai zuwa ya koma Achilles '29 wanda ba na gasar zakarun Turai ba. A cikin dogon lokacin da ya yi a ƙungiyar, ya sami ci gaba da dama, inda ya je Eerste Divisie a shekara ta 2013. A watan Oktoba na 2014, an naɗa shi kyaftin ɗin ƙungiyar, inda ya maye gurbin Twan Smits . [1] == Aikin koyarwa == A watan Nuwamba na 2019, Hendriks ya fara aikinsa na koyarwa, yayin da aka nada shi manajan RKSV Brakkenstein daga Janairun 2020. A ƙarshen Disamba na 2021 an tabbatar da cewa Hendriks zai ɗauki nauyin DVOL Lent daga kakar wasa mai zuwa ta 2021-22. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1985]] lm7yakwqc6w2ou4owl734vd5mdpvt3o 830039 830034 2026-05-05T09:39:20Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1318872811|Thijs Hendriks]]" 830039 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Thijs Hendriks''' (an haife shi a ranar 5 ga Fabrairu 1985) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Holland wanda ya yi ritaya wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin ɗan gaba kuma manajan ƙungiyar DVOL Lent ta ƙasar Holland a yanzu.<ref /><ref>Hendriks neemt aanvoerdersband Smits definitief over". Gelderlander. Retrieved 7 December 2014.</ref> == Aikin kulob == [[Fayil:Thijs_Hendriks_huldiging.JPG|thumb|Hendriks yana murnar lashe Topklasse a cikin 2013]] Hendriks ya fara aikinsa da NEC a shekara ta 2004. A shekara mai zuwa ya koma Achilles '29 wanda ba na gasar zakarun Turai ba. A cikin dogon lokacin da ya yi a ƙungiyar, ya sami ci gaba da dama, inda ya je Eerste Divisie a shekara ta 2013. A watan Oktoba na 2014, an naɗa shi kyaftin ɗin ƙungiyar, inda ya maye gurbin Twan Smits . [1] == Aikin koyarwa == A watan Nuwamba na 2019, Hendriks ya fara aikinsa na koyarwa, yayin da aka nada shi manajan RKSV Brakkenstein daga Janairun 2020. A ƙarshen Disamba na 2021 an tabbatar da cewa Hendriks zai ɗauki nauyin DVOL Lent daga kakar wasa mai zuwa ta 2021-22. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1985]] dhheiuq918hbfot81mcl83t1p0bs18y 830041 830039 2026-05-05T09:39:38Z Sardeeq 39275 830041 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Thijs Hendriks''' (an haife shi a ranar 5 ga Fabrairu 1985) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Holland wanda ya yi ritaya wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin ɗan gaba kuma manajan ƙungiyar DVOL Lent ta ƙasar Holland a yanzu.<ref /><ref>Hendriks neemt aanvoerdersband Smits definitief over". Gelderlander. Retrieved 7 December 2014.</ref> == Aikin kulob == [[Fayil:Thijs_Hendriks_huldiging.JPG|thumb|Hendriks yana murnar lashe Topklasse a cikin 2013]] Hendriks ya fara aikinsa da NEC a shekara ta 2004. A shekara mai zuwa ya koma Achilles '29 wanda ba na gasar zakarun Turai ba. A cikin dogon lokacin da ya yi a ƙungiyar, ya sami ci gaba da dama, inda ya je Eerste Divisie a shekara ta 2013. A watan Oktoba na 2014, an naɗa shi kyaftin ɗin ƙungiyar, inda ya maye gurbin Twan Smits . [1] == Aikin koyarwa == A watan Nuwamba na 2019, Hendriks ya fara aikinsa na koyarwa, yayin da aka nada shi manajan RKSV Brakkenstein daga Janairun 2020. A ƙarshen Disamba na 2021 an tabbatar da cewa Hendriks zai ɗauki nauyin DVOL Lent daga kakar wasa mai zuwa ta 2021-22. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1985]] ryyaoz885how9htepksp6f34phtub81 0 149215 830036 2026-05-05T09:38:35Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1327640878|1999 FIFA Women's World Cup Group A]]" 830036 wikitext text/x-wiki Rukunin A na gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA ta 1999 ya gudana daga Yuni 19 zuwa 27, 1999. Kungiyar ta kunshi Denmark, [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Najeriya|Najeriya]], Koriya ta Arewa da kuma masu karbar bakuncin Amurka.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shannon |first=David |date=June 25, 2015 |title=Women's World Cup 1999 (USA) |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesw/wwc99f.html |access-date=January 6, 2020 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref> An kuma tsara ƙungiyoyi uku daga cikin waɗannan ƙungiyoyi a rukuni na A na gasar cin kofin duniya ta gaba a 2003 (banda Denmark, wacce 'yan Scandinavian Sweden suka maye gurbinta).<div class="footballbox" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/SportsEvent" style="color:inherit"><div class="fleft"><div class="fdate"><time>Yuni 20, 1999 <span style="display: none;"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1999-06-20</span>)&nbsp;</span> &nbsp;&nbsp;</time></div><div class="ftime"><time>18:30 [[Pacific Time Zone|PDT]] ([[UTC−07:00|UTC-7]])</time> </div></div> {| class="fevent" |- itemprop="name" ! class="fhome" itemprop="homeTeam" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/SportsTeam" |<span itemprop="name">[[North Korea women's national football team|Koriya ta Arewa]]<span class="flagicon">&nbsp;[[File:Flag_of_North_Korea.svg|link=|alt=|border|23x23px]]</span></span> ! class="fscore" |1–2 ! class="faway" itemprop="awayTeam" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/SportsTeam" |<span itemprop="name"><span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Nigeria.svg|link=|alt=|border|23x23px]]&nbsp;</span>[[Nigeria women's national football team|Najeriya]]</span> |- class="fgoals" | class="fhgoal" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="plainlist"> * Jo Song-ok 74'<span class="fb-goal">[[Fayil:Soccerball_shade.svg|link=|alt=|13x13px|Goal]]&#x20;<span>74'&#x27;</span></span> </div> |[https://www.fifa.com/tournaments/womens/womensworldcup/usa1999/match-center/22149 Rahoton] | class="fagoal" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="plainlist"> * [[Mercy Akide|Akide]] 50'<span class="fb-goal">[[Fayil:Soccerball_shade.svg|link=|alt=|13x13px|Goal]]&#x20;<span>50'&#x27;</span></span> * [[Rita Nwadike|Nwadike]] 79'<span class="fb-goal">[[Fayil:Soccerball_shade.svg|link=|alt=|13x13px|Goal]]&#x20;<span>79'&#x27;</span></span> </div> |} <div class="fright"><div itemprop="location" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Place"><span itemprop="name address">Rose Bowl, PasadenaHanyar wucewa</span></div><div>Masu halarta: 17,100</div><div>Mai ba da shawara: Katriina Elovirta (Finland) </div></div></div> == Wasanni == Duk lokutan da aka jera sune lokacin gida. === Amurka da Najeriya === <div class="footballbox" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/SportsEvent" style="color:inherit"><div class="fleft"><div class="fdate"><time>Yuni 19, 1999 <span style="display: none;"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1999-06-19</span>)&nbsp;</span> &nbsp;&nbsp;</time></div><div class="ftime"><time>15:00 [[Eastern Time Zone|EDT]] (UTC−4)</time> </div></div> {| class="fevent" |- itemprop="name" ! class="fhome" itemprop="homeTeam" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/SportsTeam" |<span itemprop="name">[[United States women's national soccer team|Amurka]]<span class="flagicon">&nbsp;[[File:Flag_of_the_United_States.svg|link=|alt=|border|23x23px]]</span></span> ! class="fscore" |3–0 ! class="faway" itemprop="awayTeam" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/SportsTeam" |<span itemprop="name"><span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Denmark.svg|link=|alt=|border|20x20px]]&nbsp;</span>[[Denmark women's national football team|Denmark]]</span> |- class="fgoals" | class="fhgoal" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="plainlist"> * [[Mia hamm|Hamm]] 17'<span class="fb-goal">[[Fayil:Soccerball_shade.svg|link=|alt=|13x13px|Goal]]&#x20;<span>17'&#x27;</span></span> * Madness 73'<span class="fb-goal">[[Fayil:Soccerball_shade.svg|link=|alt=|13x13px|Goal]]&#x20;<span>73'&#x27;</span></span> * Lilly 89'<span class="fb-goal">[[Fayil:Soccerball_shade.svg|link=|alt=|13x13px|Goal]]&#x20;<span>89'&#x27;</span></span> </div> |[https://www.fifa.com/tournaments/womens/womensworldcup/usa1999/match-center/21901 Rahoton] | class="fagoal" | |} <div class="fright"><div itemprop="location" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Place"><span itemprop="name address">Filin wasa na Giants, Gabashin Rutherford</span></div><div>Masu halarta: 78,972</div><div>Mai ba da shawara: Sonia Denoncourt ([[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Kanada|Kanada]]) </div></div></div>{{Reflist}} === Koriya ta Arewa da Najeriya === === Amurka da Denmark === == Manazarta == 6iumahznqf3eceitamkrvfvo9k8ceoc 830037 830036 2026-05-05T09:38:56Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 830037 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Rukunin A na gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA ta 1999 ya gudana daga Yuni 19 zuwa 27, 1999. Kungiyar ta kunshi Denmark, [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Najeriya|Najeriya]], Koriya ta Arewa da kuma masu karbar bakuncin Amurka.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shannon |first=David |date=June 25, 2015 |title=Women's World Cup 1999 (USA) |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesw/wwc99f.html |access-date=January 6, 2020 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref> An kuma tsara ƙungiyoyi uku daga cikin waɗannan ƙungiyoyi a rukuni na A na gasar cin kofin duniya ta gaba a 2003 (banda Denmark, wacce 'yan Scandinavian Sweden suka maye gurbinta).<div class="footballbox" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/SportsEvent" style="color:inherit"><div class="fleft"><div class="fdate"><time>Yuni 20, 1999 <span style="display: none;"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1999-06-20</span>)&nbsp;</span> &nbsp;&nbsp;</time></div><div class="ftime"><time>18:30 [[Pacific Time Zone|PDT]] ([[UTC−07:00|UTC-7]])</time> </div></div> {| class="fevent" |- itemprop="name" ! class="fhome" itemprop="homeTeam" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/SportsTeam" |<span itemprop="name">[[North Korea women's national football team|Koriya ta Arewa]]<span class="flagicon">&nbsp;[[File:Flag_of_North_Korea.svg|link=|alt=|border|23x23px]]</span></span> ! class="fscore" |1–2 ! class="faway" itemprop="awayTeam" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/SportsTeam" |<span itemprop="name"><span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Nigeria.svg|link=|alt=|border|23x23px]]&nbsp;</span>[[Nigeria women's national football team|Najeriya]]</span> |- class="fgoals" | class="fhgoal" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="plainlist"> * Jo Song-ok 74'<span class="fb-goal">[[Fayil:Soccerball_shade.svg|link=|alt=|13x13px|Goal]]&#x20;<span>74'&#x27;</span></span> </div> |[https://www.fifa.com/tournaments/womens/womensworldcup/usa1999/match-center/22149 Rahoton] | class="fagoal" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="plainlist"> * [[Mercy Akide|Akide]] 50'<span class="fb-goal">[[Fayil:Soccerball_shade.svg|link=|alt=|13x13px|Goal]]&#x20;<span>50'&#x27;</span></span> * [[Rita Nwadike|Nwadike]] 79'<span class="fb-goal">[[Fayil:Soccerball_shade.svg|link=|alt=|13x13px|Goal]]&#x20;<span>79'&#x27;</span></span> </div> |} <div class="fright"><div itemprop="location" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Place"><span itemprop="name address">Rose Bowl, PasadenaHanyar wucewa</span></div><div>Masu halarta: 17,100</div><div>Mai ba da shawara: Katriina Elovirta (Finland) </div></div></div> == Wasanni == Duk lokutan da aka jera sune lokacin gida. === Amurka da Najeriya === <div class="footballbox" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/SportsEvent" style="color:inherit"><div class="fleft"><div class="fdate"><time>Yuni 19, 1999 <span style="display: none;"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1999-06-19</span>)&nbsp;</span> &nbsp;&nbsp;</time></div><div class="ftime"><time>15:00 [[Eastern Time Zone|EDT]] (UTC−4)</time> </div></div> {| class="fevent" |- itemprop="name" ! class="fhome" itemprop="homeTeam" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/SportsTeam" |<span itemprop="name">[[United States women's national soccer team|Amurka]]<span class="flagicon">&nbsp;[[File:Flag_of_the_United_States.svg|link=|alt=|border|23x23px]]</span></span> ! class="fscore" |3–0 ! class="faway" itemprop="awayTeam" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/SportsTeam" |<span itemprop="name"><span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Denmark.svg|link=|alt=|border|20x20px]]&nbsp;</span>[[Denmark women's national football team|Denmark]]</span> |- class="fgoals" | class="fhgoal" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="plainlist"> * [[Mia hamm|Hamm]] 17'<span class="fb-goal">[[Fayil:Soccerball_shade.svg|link=|alt=|13x13px|Goal]]&#x20;<span>17'&#x27;</span></span> * Madness 73'<span class="fb-goal">[[Fayil:Soccerball_shade.svg|link=|alt=|13x13px|Goal]]&#x20;<span>73'&#x27;</span></span> * Lilly 89'<span class="fb-goal">[[Fayil:Soccerball_shade.svg|link=|alt=|13x13px|Goal]]&#x20;<span>89'&#x27;</span></span> </div> |[https://www.fifa.com/tournaments/womens/womensworldcup/usa1999/match-center/21901 Rahoton] | class="fagoal" | |} <div class="fright"><div itemprop="location" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Place"><span itemprop="name address">Filin wasa na Giants, Gabashin Rutherford</span></div><div>Masu halarta: 78,972</div><div>Mai ba da shawara: Sonia Denoncourt ([[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Kanada|Kanada]]) </div></div></div>{{Reflist}} === Koriya ta Arewa da Najeriya === === Amurka da Denmark === == Manazarta == huh1ylb70thsdswaipssd1e7cedw1v9 0 149216 830038 2026-05-05T09:39:18Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1337449798|1999 FIFA Women's World Cup knockout stage]]" 830038 wikitext text/x-wiki Mataki na knockout na gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA ta 1999 shine mataki na biyu kuma na karshe na gasar, bayan matakin rukuni. Ya fara ne a ranar 30 ga Yuni tare da kwata-kwata kuma ya ƙare a ranar 10 ga Yuli, 1999, tare da Wasan karshe, wanda aka gudanar a Rose Bowl a Pasadena . Kungiyoyi takwas (ƙungiyoyin biyu na farko daga kowane rukuni) sun ci gaba zuwa matakin knockout don yin gasa a cikin gasa guda ɗaya.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shannon |first=David |date=June 25, 2015 |title=Women's World Cup 1999 (USA) |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesw/wwc99f.html |access-date=January 6, 2020 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref> Duk lokutan da aka jera sune lokacin gida. == Tsarin == A duk wasannin knockout ban da matsayi na uku, idan wasan ya kasance a ƙarshen minti 90 na lokacin wasa na yau da kullun, an buga karin lokaci (lokaci biyu na minti 15 kowannensu). Idan har yanzu an ɗaure shi bayan karin lokaci, an yanke shawarar wasan ta hanyar harbi don tantance wanda ya ci nasara. Idan wasan kwaikwayo na uku ya kasance a ƙarshen minti 90 na lokacin wasa na yau da kullun, ba za a buga karin lokaci ba, kuma nan da nan za a yanke shawarar wasan ta hanyar harbi. == Kungiyoyin da suka cancanta == Kungiyoyin biyu da aka sanya a saman daga kowane rukuni huɗu sun cancanci matakin knockout.{{#invoke:RoundN|N8 |style=white-space:nowrap|widescore=yes |bold_winner=high|3rdplace=yes |RD1=[[#Quarterfinals|Quarterfinals]] |RD2=[[#Semifinals|Semifinals]] |RD3=[[#Final|Final]] |Consol=[[#Third place play-off|Third place playoff]] <!--Date-Place|Team 1|Score 1|Team 2|Score 2--> <!--Quarterfinals--> |July 1 – [[FedExField|Landover]]|{{fbw|USA}}|3|{{fbw|GER}}|2 |July 1 – [[FedExField|Landover]]|{{fbw|BRA}} {{aet|g=yes}}|4|{{fbw|NGA}}|3 |June 30 – [[CEFCU Stadium|San Jose]]|{{fbw|NOR}}|3|{{fbw|SWE}}|1 |June 30 – [[CEFCU Stadium|San Jose]]|{{fbw|CHN}}|2|{{fbw|RUS}}|0 <!--Semifinals--> |July 4 – [[Stanford Stadium|Stanford]]|{{fbw|USA}}|2|{{fbw|BRA}}|0 |July 4 – [[Foxboro Stadium|Foxborough]]|{{fbw|NOR}}|0|{{fbw|CHN}}|5 <!--Final--> |July 10 – [[Rose Bowl (stadium)|Pasadena]]|{{fbw|USA}} {{pso}}|0 (5)|{{fbw|CHN}}|0 (4) <!--Third place playoff--> |July 10 – [[Rose Bowl (stadium)|Pasadena]]|{{fbw|BRA}} {{pso}}|0 (5)|{{fbw|NOR}}|0 (4) }}{{#lst:1999 FIFA Women's World Cup final|Final}}  == Manazarta == * FIFA World Cup ta mata ta Amurka 1999 a FIFA.com rb77ohr3m8k0llema8oovmb6k9artuy 830040 830038 2026-05-05T09:39:36Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 830040 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Mataki na knockout na gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA ta 1999 shine mataki na biyu kuma na karshe na gasar, bayan matakin rukuni. Ya fara ne a ranar 30 ga Yuni tare da kwata-kwata kuma ya ƙare a ranar 10 ga Yuli, 1999, tare da Wasan karshe, wanda aka gudanar a Rose Bowl a Pasadena . Kungiyoyi takwas (ƙungiyoyin biyu na farko daga kowane rukuni) sun ci gaba zuwa matakin knockout don yin gasa a cikin gasa guda ɗaya.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shannon |first=David |date=June 25, 2015 |title=Women's World Cup 1999 (USA) |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesw/wwc99f.html |access-date=January 6, 2020 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref> Duk lokutan da aka jera sune lokacin gida. == Tsarin == A duk wasannin knockout ban da matsayi na uku, idan wasan ya kasance a ƙarshen minti 90 na lokacin wasa na yau da kullun, an buga karin lokaci (lokaci biyu na minti 15 kowannensu). Idan har yanzu an ɗaure shi bayan karin lokaci, an yanke shawarar wasan ta hanyar harbi don tantance wanda ya ci nasara. Idan wasan kwaikwayo na uku ya kasance a ƙarshen minti 90 na lokacin wasa na yau da kullun, ba za a buga karin lokaci ba, kuma nan da nan za a yanke shawarar wasan ta hanyar harbi. == Kungiyoyin da suka cancanta == Kungiyoyin biyu da aka sanya a saman daga kowane rukuni huɗu sun cancanci matakin knockout.{{#invoke:RoundN|N8 |style=white-space:nowrap|widescore=yes |bold_winner=high|3rdplace=yes |RD1=[[#Quarterfinals|Quarterfinals]] |RD2=[[#Semifinals|Semifinals]] |RD3=[[#Final|Final]] |Consol=[[#Third place play-off|Third place playoff]] <!--Date-Place|Team 1|Score 1|Team 2|Score 2--> <!--Quarterfinals--> |July 1 – [[FedExField|Landover]]|{{fbw|USA}}|3|{{fbw|GER}}|2 |July 1 – [[FedExField|Landover]]|{{fbw|BRA}} {{aet|g=yes}}|4|{{fbw|NGA}}|3 |June 30 – [[CEFCU Stadium|San Jose]]|{{fbw|NOR}}|3|{{fbw|SWE}}|1 |June 30 – [[CEFCU Stadium|San Jose]]|{{fbw|CHN}}|2|{{fbw|RUS}}|0 <!--Semifinals--> |July 4 – [[Stanford Stadium|Stanford]]|{{fbw|USA}}|2|{{fbw|BRA}}|0 |July 4 – [[Foxboro Stadium|Foxborough]]|{{fbw|NOR}}|0|{{fbw|CHN}}|5 <!--Final--> |July 10 – [[Rose Bowl (stadium)|Pasadena]]|{{fbw|USA}} {{pso}}|0 (5)|{{fbw|CHN}}|0 (4) <!--Third place playoff--> |July 10 – [[Rose Bowl (stadium)|Pasadena]]|{{fbw|BRA}} {{pso}}|0 (5)|{{fbw|NOR}}|0 (4) }}{{#lst:1999 FIFA Women's World Cup final|Final}}  == Manazarta == * FIFA World Cup ta mata ta Amurka 1999 a FIFA.com 34t2812mmr3hi8vftsbfyopgtfjo52r 0 149217 830042 2026-05-05T09:40:04Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1343942311|2018 Women's Africa Cup of Nations]]" 830042 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kofin Kasashen Afirka na Mata na 2018''' (wanda aka fi sani da Total Women's Africa Cup Of Nations, [[Ghana]] 2018) <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 July 2016 |title=Total, Title Sponsor of the Africa Cup of Nations and Partner of African Football |url=http://www.cafonline.com/en-US/NewsCenter/News/NewsDetails?id=z5SPEjKTyig8WgDEfOXGfg%3D%3D |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161229192356/http://www.cafonline.com/en-US/NewsCenter/News/NewsDetails?id=z5SPEjKTyig8WgDEfOXGfg%3D%3D |archive-date=29 December 2016 |publisher=CAF}}</ref> shi ne karo na 13 na Kofin Kasashe na Afirka (tsohon Gasar Mata ta Afirka), gasar [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] ta kasa da kasa ta shekara biyu da Confederation of African Football (CAF) ta shirya don kungiyoyin mata na Afirka. An gudanar da gasar ne a Ghana, daga 17 ga Nuwamba zuwa 1 ga Disamba 2018.<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 September 2016 |title=GHANA TO HOST 2018 AFRICA WOMEN CUP OF NATIONS |url=http://dhakaba.com/ghana-to-host-2018-africa-women-cup-of-nations/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180411010042/http://www.dhakaba.com/ghana-to-host-2018-africa-women-cup-of-nations |archive-date=11 April 2018 |access-date=1 December 2016 |publisher=dhakaba.com}}</ref><ref name="dates">{{Cite web |date=14 March 2017 |title=Decisions of the CAF Executive Committee of 14 March 2017 |url=http://www.cafonline.com/en-US/NewsCenter/News/NewsDetails?id=Q69iU2i0hqXU4tTEf7TSTw%3d%3d |website=CAFonline.com}}</ref> Gasar ta kuma ninka sau biyu a matsayin 'yan Afirka da suka cancanci Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Mata ta FIFA ta 2019. Manyan kungiyoyi uku sun cancanci gasar cin kofin duniya a Faransa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 November 2016 |title=Circular #1565 - FIFA women's tournaments 2018-2019 |url=http://resources.fifa.com/mm/document/affederation/administration/02/84/92/41/circularno.1565-fifawomenstournaments2018-2019_neutral.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161112085224/http://resources.fifa.com/mm/document/affederation/administration/02/84/92/41/circularno.1565-fifawomenstournaments2018-2019_neutral.pdf |archive-date=12 November 2016 |publisher=FIFA.com}}</ref> [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Najeriya|Najeriya]], wadanda suka lashe gasar zakarun Turai sau biyu, sun lashe gasar a karo na uku a jere kuma sun kara gasar cin kofin mata na Afirka na 9. == Tallafawa == A watan Yulin 2016, Total ta sami kunshin tallafi na shekaru takwas daga Confederation of African Football (CAF) don tallafawa 10 daga cikin manyan gasa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=AfricaNews |date=2017-04-18 |title=Total to sponsor CAF competitions for the next eight years |url=http://www.africanews.com/2016/07/21/total-to-sponsor-caf-competitions-for-the-next-eight-years/ |access-date=2017-04-18 |website=Africanews}}</ref> Saboda wannan tallafi, an kira gasar cin kofin Afirka ta mata ta 2018 "2018 Total Women's Africa Cup of Nations". == Zaɓin mai masaukin baki == Babu wasu kungiyoyi da ke neman karbar bakuncin taron ban da Ghana.<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 September 2016 |title=Ghana to host 2018 Africa Women's Cup of Nations |url=https://www.modernghana.com/sports/722924/ghana-to-host-2018-africa-womens-cup-of-nations.html |access-date=11 January 2017 |publisher=modernghana.com}}</ref> An ba Ghana damar karbar bakuncin ne a ranar 27 ga Satumba 2016 kuma a hukumance a tsakiyar Disamba.<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 December 2016 |title=GFA receives official mandate to host 2018 Women AFCON |url=http://www.ghanafa.org/news/full_news/5/11865 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170113010452/http://www.ghanafa.org/news/full_news/5/11865 |archive-date=13 January 2017 |access-date=11 January 2017 |publisher=ghanafa.org}}</ref> Wannan shi ne karo na farko da suka dauki bakuncin taron mata. Bayan rahotanni na kafofin watsa labarai a tsakiyar 2018 cewa ana iya kwace Ghana daga haƙƙin karɓar bakuncin, an tattauna wannan batun a taron Kwamitin Shirye-shiryen Kwallon Kafa na Mata a ranar 12 ga Satumba, kuma Kwamitin Zartarwa na CAF ya yanke shawarar ƙarshe don kada ya maye gurbin Ghana a matsayin mai karɓar bakinsa a taron da ya yi a ranar 27-28 ga Satumba. <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 August 2018 |title=Statement on Total Women’s Africa Cup of Nations Ghana 2018 |url=http://www.cafonline.com/en-US/NewsCenter/News/NewsDetails?id=JC8EH9iN9Pw%2bxLFIy4bLzg%3d%3d |publisher=CAF}}</ref> Sakatariyar za ta ci gaba da saka idanu kan shirye-shiryen sosai.<ref>{{Cite web |date=29 September 2018 |title=Decisions of CAF Executive {{sic|nolink=y|Comm|itee}} - 27 & 28 September 2018 |url=http://www.cafonline.com/en-US/NewsCenter/News/NewsDetails?id=uLxLJ117lJ7E68bnx%2fVQWg%3d%3d |publisher=CAF}}</ref> Ghana ta cancanci ta atomatik a matsayin masu masaukin baki, yayin da sauran wurare bakwai aka ƙaddara ta hanyar zagaye na cancanta da aka buga a watan Afrilu da Yuni 2018. <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 December 2017 |title=2018 African Women's Cup of Nations qualifiers moved |url=http://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/2018-african-womens-cup-of-nations-qualifiers-moved/1b7qiwbmv0mq81r3n7a7ky2n3n |publisher=Goal.com}}</ref> Da farko an dakatar da Equatorial Guinea daga gasar cin kofin mata ta Afirka ta 2018, amma an sake dawo da su bayan an ɗaga haramcin a watan Yulin 2017 a taron kwamitin CAF na gaggawa, kuma an haɗa su cikin zane-zane. Koyaya, FIFA ta hana su samun cancanta ga gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA ta 2019, ma'ana ba za su iya samun cancanta don gasar cin kofen duniya ba tare da la'akari da rawar da suka taka a gasar cin kocin mata ta Afirka ba.<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 October 2017 |title=Equatorial Guinea banned from 2019 Women's World Cup |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/41513204 |publisher=BBC}}</ref><ref name="equatorial guinea">{{Cite web |date=5 October 2017 |title=Equatorial Guinea expelled from FIFA Women’s World Cup France 2019 |url=https://www.fifa.com/governance/news/y=2017/m=10/news=equatorial-guinea-expelled-from-fifa-women-s-world-cup-france-2019-2910394.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171006012154/http://www.fifa.com/governance/news/y=2017/m=10/news=equatorial-guinea-expelled-from-fifa-women-s-world-cup-france-2019-2910394.html |archive-date=6 October 2017 |publisher=FIFA.com}}</ref> == Manazarta == 89jvdpnzxunkp8niwuxprlc2rmgpamu 830044 830042 2026-05-05T09:40:25Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 830044 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kofin Kasashen Afirka na Mata na 2018''' (wanda aka fi sani da Total Women's Africa Cup Of Nations, [[Ghana]] 2018) <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 July 2016 |title=Total, Title Sponsor of the Africa Cup of Nations and Partner of African Football |url=http://www.cafonline.com/en-US/NewsCenter/News/NewsDetails?id=z5SPEjKTyig8WgDEfOXGfg%3D%3D |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161229192356/http://www.cafonline.com/en-US/NewsCenter/News/NewsDetails?id=z5SPEjKTyig8WgDEfOXGfg%3D%3D |archive-date=29 December 2016 |publisher=CAF}}</ref> shi ne karo na 13 na Kofin Kasashe na Afirka (tsohon Gasar Mata ta Afirka), gasar [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] ta kasa da kasa ta shekara biyu da Confederation of African Football (CAF) ta shirya don kungiyoyin mata na Afirka. An gudanar da gasar ne a Ghana, daga 17 ga Nuwamba zuwa 1 ga Disamba 2018.<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 September 2016 |title=GHANA TO HOST 2018 AFRICA WOMEN CUP OF NATIONS |url=http://dhakaba.com/ghana-to-host-2018-africa-women-cup-of-nations/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180411010042/http://www.dhakaba.com/ghana-to-host-2018-africa-women-cup-of-nations |archive-date=11 April 2018 |access-date=1 December 2016 |publisher=dhakaba.com}}</ref><ref name="dates">{{Cite web |date=14 March 2017 |title=Decisions of the CAF Executive Committee of 14 March 2017 |url=http://www.cafonline.com/en-US/NewsCenter/News/NewsDetails?id=Q69iU2i0hqXU4tTEf7TSTw%3d%3d |website=CAFonline.com}}</ref> Gasar ta kuma ninka sau biyu a matsayin 'yan Afirka da suka cancanci Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Mata ta FIFA ta 2019. Manyan kungiyoyi uku sun cancanci gasar cin kofin duniya a Faransa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 November 2016 |title=Circular #1565 - FIFA women's tournaments 2018-2019 |url=http://resources.fifa.com/mm/document/affederation/administration/02/84/92/41/circularno.1565-fifawomenstournaments2018-2019_neutral.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161112085224/http://resources.fifa.com/mm/document/affederation/administration/02/84/92/41/circularno.1565-fifawomenstournaments2018-2019_neutral.pdf |archive-date=12 November 2016 |publisher=FIFA.com}}</ref> [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Najeriya|Najeriya]], wadanda suka lashe gasar zakarun Turai sau biyu, sun lashe gasar a karo na uku a jere kuma sun kara gasar cin kofin mata na Afirka na 9. == Tallafawa == A watan Yulin 2016, Total ta sami kunshin tallafi na shekaru takwas daga Confederation of African Football (CAF) don tallafawa 10 daga cikin manyan gasa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=AfricaNews |date=2017-04-18 |title=Total to sponsor CAF competitions for the next eight years |url=http://www.africanews.com/2016/07/21/total-to-sponsor-caf-competitions-for-the-next-eight-years/ |access-date=2017-04-18 |website=Africanews}}</ref> Saboda wannan tallafi, an kira gasar cin kofin Afirka ta mata ta 2018 "2018 Total Women's Africa Cup of Nations". == Zaɓin mai masaukin baki == Babu wasu kungiyoyi da ke neman karbar bakuncin taron ban da Ghana.<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 September 2016 |title=Ghana to host 2018 Africa Women's Cup of Nations |url=https://www.modernghana.com/sports/722924/ghana-to-host-2018-africa-womens-cup-of-nations.html |access-date=11 January 2017 |publisher=modernghana.com}}</ref> An ba Ghana damar karbar bakuncin ne a ranar 27 ga Satumba 2016 kuma a hukumance a tsakiyar Disamba.<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 December 2016 |title=GFA receives official mandate to host 2018 Women AFCON |url=http://www.ghanafa.org/news/full_news/5/11865 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170113010452/http://www.ghanafa.org/news/full_news/5/11865 |archive-date=13 January 2017 |access-date=11 January 2017 |publisher=ghanafa.org}}</ref> Wannan shi ne karo na farko da suka dauki bakuncin taron mata. Bayan rahotanni na kafofin watsa labarai a tsakiyar 2018 cewa ana iya kwace Ghana daga haƙƙin karɓar bakuncin, an tattauna wannan batun a taron Kwamitin Shirye-shiryen Kwallon Kafa na Mata a ranar 12 ga Satumba, kuma Kwamitin Zartarwa na CAF ya yanke shawarar ƙarshe don kada ya maye gurbin Ghana a matsayin mai karɓar bakinsa a taron da ya yi a ranar 27-28 ga Satumba. <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 August 2018 |title=Statement on Total Women’s Africa Cup of Nations Ghana 2018 |url=http://www.cafonline.com/en-US/NewsCenter/News/NewsDetails?id=JC8EH9iN9Pw%2bxLFIy4bLzg%3d%3d |publisher=CAF}}</ref> Sakatariyar za ta ci gaba da saka idanu kan shirye-shiryen sosai.<ref>{{Cite web |date=29 September 2018 |title=Decisions of CAF Executive {{sic|nolink=y|Comm|itee}} - 27 & 28 September 2018 |url=http://www.cafonline.com/en-US/NewsCenter/News/NewsDetails?id=uLxLJ117lJ7E68bnx%2fVQWg%3d%3d |publisher=CAF}}</ref> Ghana ta cancanci ta atomatik a matsayin masu masaukin baki, yayin da sauran wurare bakwai aka ƙaddara ta hanyar zagaye na cancanta da aka buga a watan Afrilu da Yuni 2018. <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 December 2017 |title=2018 African Women's Cup of Nations qualifiers moved |url=http://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/2018-african-womens-cup-of-nations-qualifiers-moved/1b7qiwbmv0mq81r3n7a7ky2n3n |publisher=Goal.com}}</ref> Da farko an dakatar da Equatorial Guinea daga gasar cin kofin mata ta Afirka ta 2018, amma an sake dawo da su bayan an ɗaga haramcin a watan Yulin 2017 a taron kwamitin CAF na gaggawa, kuma an haɗa su cikin zane-zane. Koyaya, FIFA ta hana su samun cancanta ga gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA ta 2019, ma'ana ba za su iya samun cancanta don gasar cin kofen duniya ba tare da la'akari da rawar da suka taka a gasar cin kocin mata ta Afirka ba.<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 October 2017 |title=Equatorial Guinea banned from 2019 Women's World Cup |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/41513204 |publisher=BBC}}</ref><ref name="equatorial guinea">{{Cite web |date=5 October 2017 |title=Equatorial Guinea expelled from FIFA Women’s World Cup France 2019 |url=https://www.fifa.com/governance/news/y=2017/m=10/news=equatorial-guinea-expelled-from-fifa-women-s-world-cup-france-2019-2910394.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171006012154/http://www.fifa.com/governance/news/y=2017/m=10/news=equatorial-guinea-expelled-from-fifa-women-s-world-cup-france-2019-2910394.html |archive-date=6 October 2017 |publisher=FIFA.com}}</ref> == Manazarta == 8yv4rfohfe8mo36dchd5xhm0rqm1dhe 0 149218 830043 2026-05-05T09:40:11Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1333046483|Rick Hemmink]]" 830043 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rick Hemmink''' (an haife shi a ranar 14 ga Fabrairu 1993) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] ɗan ƙasar Holland wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] . == Aikin kulob == Ya buga wasansa na farko na kwararru a Eerste Divisie na Jong Twente a ranar 30 ga Nuwamba 2013 a wasan da suka yi da Sparta Rotterdam . [1] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1993]] geayzn8sf0gq09plnqhmniwthl88boh 830045 830043 2026-05-05T09:41:20Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1333046483|Rick Hemmink]]" 830045 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rick Hemmink''' (an haife shi a ranar 14 ga Fabrairu 1993) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] ɗan ƙasar Holland wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] . <ref>Een ochtend met Rick Hemmink: de profvoetballer die boer is geworden vice.com</ref><ref>Game Report by Soccerway". Soccerway. 30 November 2013.</ref> == Aikin kulob == Ya buga wasansa na farko na kwararru a Eerste Divisie na Jong Twente a ranar 30 ga Nuwamba 2013 a wasan da suka yi da Sparta Rotterdam . [1] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1993]] 79mm7kk5is7zvd41isdb09x513dndfl 830047 830045 2026-05-05T09:41:36Z Sardeeq 39275 830047 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Rick Hemmink''' (an haife shi a ranar 14 ga Fabrairu 1993) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] ɗan ƙasar Holland wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] . <ref>Een ochtend met Rick Hemmink: de profvoetballer die boer is geworden vice.com</ref><ref>Game Report by Soccerway". Soccerway. 30 November 2013.</ref> == Aikin kulob == Ya buga wasansa na farko na kwararru a Eerste Divisie na Jong Twente a ranar 30 ga Nuwamba 2013 a wasan da suka yi da Sparta Rotterdam . [1] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1993]] lgnxqohb070raojtqk7r7e5u6dlwvdv 0 149219 830046 2026-05-05T09:41:24Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1347426812|2019 FIFA Women's World Cup qualification]]" 830046 wikitext text/x-wiki Tsarin cancantar Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na Mata na FIFA ta 2019 ya yanke shawarar dukkan kungiyoyi 24 da suka taka leda a gasar cin kocin duniya ta mata na FIFA ta 2019, tare da masu karbar bakuncin Faransa da suka cancanci kai tsaye.<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 March 2015 |title=France to host the FIFA Women’s World Cup in 2019 |url=https://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/news/y=2015/m=3/news=france-to-host-the-fifa-women-s-world-cup-in-2019-2567761.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150320194817/http://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/news/y=2015/m=3/news=france-to-host-the-fifa-women-s-world-cup-in-2019-2567761.html |archive-date=20 March 2015 |publisher=FIFA.com}}</ref> Ita ce gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA ta takwas, gasar cin kofen Kwallon ƙafa na mata ta duniya ta shekaru hudu. Gasar ita ce ta uku da za a shirya a Turai, bayan gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA ta 1995 a [[Sweden]] da kuma Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Mata ta FIFA ta 2011 a [[Jamus]]. == Kungiyoyin da suka cancanta == [[Fayil:2019_FIFA_Women's_World_Cup_qualification.png|center|thumb|695x695px|{{legend|#0000ff|Teams qualified for World Cup}}{{legend|#ff0000|Teams failed to qualify for World Cup}}{{legend|#000000|Teams expelled from the tournament by FIFA}}{{legend|#888888|Teams did not enter qualification}}]] {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;" !Kungiyar !Ya cancanta kamar !Ranar cancanta ! data-sort-type="number" |Bayyanawa na karshe<br /> !Kashi<br /> !Biye da Biye da Fiye<br /> !Ayyukan da suka gabata mafi kyau |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Fbw|FRA}} | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|0|Hosts}} |19 March 2015 |Na huɗu |2015 |3 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|04|Fourth place ([[2011 FIFA Women's World Cup|2011]])}} |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Fbw|CHN}} | style="text-align: left;" |2018 AFC Mata Kofin Asiya 3rd wuri |9 April 2018 |Na 7 |2015 |2 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|02|Runners-up ([[1999 FIFA Women's World Cup|1999]])}} |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Fbw|THA}} | style="text-align: left;" |2018 AFC Mata Kofin Asiya matsayi na 4 |12 April 2018 |Na biyu |2015 |2 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|17|Group stage ([[2015 FIFA Women's World Cup|2015]])}} |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Fbw|AUS}} | style="text-align: left;" |2018 AFC Women's Asian Cup runners-up |13 April 2018 |Na 7 |2015 |7 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|05|Quarter-finals ([[2007 FIFA Women's World Cup|2007]], [[2011 FIFA Women's World Cup|2011]], [[2015 FIFA Women's World Cup|2015]])}} |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Fbw|JPN}} | style="text-align: left;" |Gasar cin kofin Asiya ta mata ta 2018 |13 April 2018 |Na 8th |2015 |8 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|01|'''Champions''' ([[2011 FIFA Women's World Cup|2011]])}} |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Fbw|KOR}} | style="text-align: left;" |2018 AFC Mata Kofin Asiya matsayi na 5 |16 April 2018 |Na uku |2015 |2 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|09|Round of 16 ([[2015 FIFA Women's World Cup|2015]])}} |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Fbw|BRA}} | style="text-align: left;" |2018 Kofin Amurka Mata zakara |19 April 2018 |Na 8th |2015 |8 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|02|Runners-up ([[2007 FIFA Women's World Cup|2007]])}} |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Fbw|CHI}} | style="text-align: left;" |2018 Copa América Mata masu cin gaba |22 April 2018 |Na farko | - |1 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|25|Debut}} |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Fbw|ESP}} | style="text-align: left;" |Wadanda suka lashe gasar cin kofin UEFA 7 |8 June 2018 |Na biyu |2015 |2 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|17|Group stage ([[2015 FIFA Women's World Cup|2015]])}} |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Fbw|ITA}} | style="text-align: left;" |Wadanda suka samu cancantar UEFA Group 6 |8 June 2018 |Na uku |1999 |1 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|05|Quarter-finals ([[1991 FIFA Women's World Cup|1991]])}} |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Fbw|ENG}} | style="text-align: left;" |Wadanda suka lashe gasar cin kofin UEFA Group 1 |31 August 2018 |Na biyar |2015 |4 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|03|Third place ([[2015 FIFA Women's World Cup|2015]])}} |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Fbw|SCO}} | style="text-align: left;" |Wadanda suka lashe gasar cin kofin UEFA Group 2 |4 September 2018 |Na farko | - |1 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|25|Debut}} |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Fbw|NOR}} | style="text-align: left;" |Wadanda suka lashe gasar cin kofin UEFA na rukuni na 3 |4 September 2018 |Na 8th |2015 |8 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|01|'''Champions''' ([[1995 FIFA Women's World Cup|1995]])}} |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Fbw|SWE}} | style="text-align: left;" |Wadanda suka lashe gasar cin kofin UEFA na 4 |4 September 2018 |Na 8th |2015 |8 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|02|Runners-up ([[2003 FIFA Women's World Cup|2003]])}} |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Fbw|GER}} | style="text-align: left;" |Wadanda suka lashe gasar cin kofin UEFA ta 5 |4 September 2018 |Na 8th |2015 |8 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|01|'''Champions''' ([[2003 FIFA Women's World Cup|2003]], [[2007 FIFA Women's World Cup|2007]])}} |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Fbw|CAN}} | style="text-align: left;" |{{Nowrap|[[2018 CONCACAF Women's Championship]] runners-up}} |14 October 2018 |Na 7 |2015 |7 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|04|Fourth place ([[2003 FIFA Women's World Cup|2003]])}} |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Nowrap|{{fbw|USA}}}} | style="text-align: left;" |Zakarun Gasar Mata ta CONCACAF ta 2018 |14 October 2018 |Na 8th |2015 |8 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|01|'''Champions''' ([[1991 FIFA Women's World Cup|1991]], [[1999 FIFA Women's World Cup|1999]], [[2015 FIFA Women's World Cup|2015]])}} |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Fbw|JAM}} | style="text-align: left;" |Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta CONCACAF ta 2018 Matsayi na 3 |17 October 2018 |Na farko | - |1 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|25|Debut}} |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Fbw|NED}} | style="text-align: left;" |Wadanda suka lashe gasar cin kofin UEFA |13 November 2018 |Na biyu |2015 |2 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|09|Round of 16 ([[2015 FIFA Women's World Cup|2015]])}} |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Fbw|ARG}} | style="text-align: left;" |Wadanda suka lashe gasar CONCACAF-CONMEBOL |13 November 2018 |Na uku |2007 |1 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|17|Group stage ([[2003 FIFA Women's World Cup|2003]], [[2007 FIFA Women's World Cup|2007]])}} |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Fbw|NGA}} | style="text-align: left;" |Gasar cin kofin mata ta Afirka ta 2018 |27 November 2018 |Na 8th |2015 |8 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|05|Quarter-finals ([[1999 FIFA Women's World Cup|1999]])}} |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Fbw|RSA}} | style="text-align: left;" |2018 Afirka Mata masu cin kofin kasashe |27 November 2018 |Na farko | - |1 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|25|Debut}} |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Fbw|CMR}} | style="text-align: left;" |2018 Kofin Kasashen Mata na Afirka 3rd wuri |30 November 2018 |Na biyu |2015 |2 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|09|Round of 16 ([[2015 FIFA Women's World Cup|2015]])}} |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Fbw|NZL}} | style="text-align: left;" |Zakarun Kofin Kasashen Mata na OFC na 2018 |1 December 2018 |Na biyar |2015 |4 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|17|Group stage ([[1991 FIFA Women's World Cup|1991]], [[2007 FIFA Women's World Cup|2007]], [[2011 FIFA Women's World Cup|2011]], [[2015 FIFA Women's World Cup|2015]])}} |} == Tsarin cancanta == Majalisar FIFA ta amince da rarraba ragowar a ranar 13-14 ga Oktoba 2016. <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 November 2016 |title=Circular #1565 - FIFA women's tournaments 2018-2019 |url=http://resources.fifa.com/mm/document/affederation/administration/02/84/92/41/circularno.1565-fifawomenstournaments2018-2019_neutral.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161112085224/http://resources.fifa.com/mm/document/affederation/administration/02/84/92/41/circularno.1565-fifawomenstournaments2018-2019_neutral.pdf |archive-date=12 November 2016 |access-date=12 November 2016 |publisher=FIFA.com}}</ref> Ramin kowane ƙungiya ba su canza ba daga na gasar da ta gabata sai dai an motsa ramin ga masu masaukin daga CONCACAF (Kanada) zuwa UEFA (Faransa). <ref>{{Cite web |date=15 October 2016 |title=FIFA leaves berths unchanged for 2019 Women's World Cup |url=http://bigstory.ap.org/article/26ba82395a9645549de76133b3a0a3b5/fifa-leaves-berths-unchanged-2019-womens-world-cup |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161030002352/http://bigstory.ap.org/article/26ba82395a9645549de76133b3a0a3b5/fifa-leaves-berths-unchanged-2019-womens-world-cup |archive-date=30 October 2016 |access-date=29 October 2016 |website=The Big Story |publisher=[[Associated Press]]}}</ref> === Takaitaccen Bayani game da cancanta === Baya ga mai karɓar bakuncin Faransa, 207 daga cikin 210 da suka rage membobin FIFA na iya cancanta ta hanyar Tsarin cancanta ƙungiyarsu idan sun zaɓi shiga. Sai dai Guatemala <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 October 2016 |title=Suspension of the Guatemala Football Association |url=https://www.fifa.com/governance/news/y=2016/m=10/news=suspension-of-the-guatemala-football-association-2847078.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161031025713/http://www.fifa.com/governance/news/y=2016/m=10/news=suspension-of-the-guatemala-football-association-2847078.html |archive-date=31 October 2016 |publisher=FIFA.com}}</ref> da Kuwait, <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 October 2015 |title=Suspension of the Kuwait Football Association |url=https://www.fifa.com/governance/news/y=2015/m=10/news=suspension-of-the-kuwait-football-association-2717726.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151018164814/http://www.fifa.com/governance/news/y=2015/m=10/news=suspension-of-the-kuwait-football-association-2717726.html |archive-date=18 October 2015 |publisher=FIFA.com}}</ref> wadanda FIFA ta dakatar da kungiyoyin kwallon kafa, da Equatorial Guinea, wadanda aka dakatar da su daga gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA ta 2019. <ref name="equatorial guinea">{{Cite web |date=5 October 2017 |title=Equatorial Guinea expelled from FIFA Women’s World Cup France 2019 |url=https://www.fifa.com/governance/news/y=2017/m=10/news=equatorial-guinea-expelled-from-fifa-women-s-world-cup-france-2019-2910394.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171006012154/http://www.fifa.com/governance/news/y=2017/m=10/news=equatorial-guinea-expelled-from-fifa-women-s-world-cup-france-2019-2910394.html |archive-date=6 October 2017 |publisher=FIFA.com}}</ref> Guam, Lebanon, Saliyo, da Turks da Caicos Islands da farko an jawo su cikin matakan cancanta amma sun janye daga wasanninsu na cancanta. Fiye da kasashe 30, galibi a Asiya da Afirka, ba su shiga cancanta ba, gami da Saudi Arabia, Tunisia da Masar, wadanda suka cancanci kungiyoyi don gasar cin [[Kofin kwallon kafar duniya ta 2018|Kofin Duniya na FIFA na 2018]]. ghgo77wh9hv6bkgtmu87fph5yxvysn7 830049 830046 2026-05-05T09:41:53Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 830049 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Tsarin cancantar Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na Mata na FIFA ta 2019 ya yanke shawarar dukkan kungiyoyi 24 da suka taka leda a gasar cin kocin duniya ta mata na FIFA ta 2019, tare da masu karbar bakuncin Faransa da suka cancanci kai tsaye.<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 March 2015 |title=France to host the FIFA Women’s World Cup in 2019 |url=https://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/news/y=2015/m=3/news=france-to-host-the-fifa-women-s-world-cup-in-2019-2567761.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150320194817/http://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/news/y=2015/m=3/news=france-to-host-the-fifa-women-s-world-cup-in-2019-2567761.html |archive-date=20 March 2015 |publisher=FIFA.com}}</ref> Ita ce gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA ta takwas, gasar cin kofen Kwallon ƙafa na mata ta duniya ta shekaru hudu. Gasar ita ce ta uku da za a shirya a Turai, bayan gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA ta 1995 a [[Sweden]] da kuma Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Mata ta FIFA ta 2011 a [[Jamus]]. == Kungiyoyin da suka cancanta == [[Fayil:2019_FIFA_Women's_World_Cup_qualification.png|center|thumb|695x695px|{{legend|#0000ff|Teams qualified for World Cup}}{{legend|#ff0000|Teams failed to qualify for World Cup}}{{legend|#000000|Teams expelled from the tournament by FIFA}}{{legend|#888888|Teams did not enter qualification}}]] {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;" !Kungiyar !Ya cancanta kamar !Ranar cancanta ! data-sort-type="number" |Bayyanawa na karshe<br /> !Kashi<br /> !Biye da Biye da Fiye<br /> !Ayyukan da suka gabata mafi kyau |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Fbw|FRA}} | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|0|Hosts}} |19 March 2015 |Na huɗu |2015 |3 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|04|Fourth place ([[2011 FIFA Women's World Cup|2011]])}} |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Fbw|CHN}} | style="text-align: left;" |2018 AFC Mata Kofin Asiya 3rd wuri |9 April 2018 |Na 7 |2015 |2 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|02|Runners-up ([[1999 FIFA Women's World Cup|1999]])}} |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Fbw|THA}} | style="text-align: left;" |2018 AFC Mata Kofin Asiya matsayi na 4 |12 April 2018 |Na biyu |2015 |2 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|17|Group stage ([[2015 FIFA Women's World Cup|2015]])}} |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Fbw|AUS}} | style="text-align: left;" |2018 AFC Women's Asian Cup runners-up |13 April 2018 |Na 7 |2015 |7 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|05|Quarter-finals ([[2007 FIFA Women's World Cup|2007]], [[2011 FIFA Women's World Cup|2011]], [[2015 FIFA Women's World Cup|2015]])}} |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Fbw|JPN}} | style="text-align: left;" |Gasar cin kofin Asiya ta mata ta 2018 |13 April 2018 |Na 8th |2015 |8 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|01|'''Champions''' ([[2011 FIFA Women's World Cup|2011]])}} |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Fbw|KOR}} | style="text-align: left;" |2018 AFC Mata Kofin Asiya matsayi na 5 |16 April 2018 |Na uku |2015 |2 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|09|Round of 16 ([[2015 FIFA Women's World Cup|2015]])}} |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Fbw|BRA}} | style="text-align: left;" |2018 Kofin Amurka Mata zakara |19 April 2018 |Na 8th |2015 |8 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|02|Runners-up ([[2007 FIFA Women's World Cup|2007]])}} |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Fbw|CHI}} | style="text-align: left;" |2018 Copa América Mata masu cin gaba |22 April 2018 |Na farko | - |1 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|25|Debut}} |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Fbw|ESP}} | style="text-align: left;" |Wadanda suka lashe gasar cin kofin UEFA 7 |8 June 2018 |Na biyu |2015 |2 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|17|Group stage ([[2015 FIFA Women's World Cup|2015]])}} |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Fbw|ITA}} | style="text-align: left;" |Wadanda suka samu cancantar UEFA Group 6 |8 June 2018 |Na uku |1999 |1 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|05|Quarter-finals ([[1991 FIFA Women's World Cup|1991]])}} |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Fbw|ENG}} | style="text-align: left;" |Wadanda suka lashe gasar cin kofin UEFA Group 1 |31 August 2018 |Na biyar |2015 |4 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|03|Third place ([[2015 FIFA Women's World Cup|2015]])}} |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Fbw|SCO}} | style="text-align: left;" |Wadanda suka lashe gasar cin kofin UEFA Group 2 |4 September 2018 |Na farko | - |1 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|25|Debut}} |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Fbw|NOR}} | style="text-align: left;" |Wadanda suka lashe gasar cin kofin UEFA na rukuni na 3 |4 September 2018 |Na 8th |2015 |8 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|01|'''Champions''' ([[1995 FIFA Women's World Cup|1995]])}} |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Fbw|SWE}} | style="text-align: left;" |Wadanda suka lashe gasar cin kofin UEFA na 4 |4 September 2018 |Na 8th |2015 |8 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|02|Runners-up ([[2003 FIFA Women's World Cup|2003]])}} |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Fbw|GER}} | style="text-align: left;" |Wadanda suka lashe gasar cin kofin UEFA ta 5 |4 September 2018 |Na 8th |2015 |8 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|01|'''Champions''' ([[2003 FIFA Women's World Cup|2003]], [[2007 FIFA Women's World Cup|2007]])}} |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Fbw|CAN}} | style="text-align: left;" |{{Nowrap|[[2018 CONCACAF Women's Championship]] runners-up}} |14 October 2018 |Na 7 |2015 |7 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|04|Fourth place ([[2003 FIFA Women's World Cup|2003]])}} |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Nowrap|{{fbw|USA}}}} | style="text-align: left;" |Zakarun Gasar Mata ta CONCACAF ta 2018 |14 October 2018 |Na 8th |2015 |8 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|01|'''Champions''' ([[1991 FIFA Women's World Cup|1991]], [[1999 FIFA Women's World Cup|1999]], [[2015 FIFA Women's World Cup|2015]])}} |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Fbw|JAM}} | style="text-align: left;" |Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta CONCACAF ta 2018 Matsayi na 3 |17 October 2018 |Na farko | - |1 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|25|Debut}} |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Fbw|NED}} | style="text-align: left;" |Wadanda suka lashe gasar cin kofin UEFA |13 November 2018 |Na biyu |2015 |2 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|09|Round of 16 ([[2015 FIFA Women's World Cup|2015]])}} |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Fbw|ARG}} | style="text-align: left;" |Wadanda suka lashe gasar CONCACAF-CONMEBOL |13 November 2018 |Na uku |2007 |1 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|17|Group stage ([[2003 FIFA Women's World Cup|2003]], [[2007 FIFA Women's World Cup|2007]])}} |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Fbw|NGA}} | style="text-align: left;" |Gasar cin kofin mata ta Afirka ta 2018 |27 November 2018 |Na 8th |2015 |8 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|05|Quarter-finals ([[1999 FIFA Women's World Cup|1999]])}} |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Fbw|RSA}} | style="text-align: left;" |2018 Afirka Mata masu cin kofin kasashe |27 November 2018 |Na farko | - |1 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|25|Debut}} |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Fbw|CMR}} | style="text-align: left;" |2018 Kofin Kasashen Mata na Afirka 3rd wuri |30 November 2018 |Na biyu |2015 |2 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|09|Round of 16 ([[2015 FIFA Women's World Cup|2015]])}} |- | style="text-align: left;" |{{Fbw|NZL}} | style="text-align: left;" |Zakarun Kofin Kasashen Mata na OFC na 2018 |1 December 2018 |Na biyar |2015 |4 | style="text-align: left;" |{{Sort|17|Group stage ([[1991 FIFA Women's World Cup|1991]], [[2007 FIFA Women's World Cup|2007]], [[2011 FIFA Women's World Cup|2011]], [[2015 FIFA Women's World Cup|2015]])}} |} == Tsarin cancanta == Majalisar FIFA ta amince da rarraba ragowar a ranar 13-14 ga Oktoba 2016. <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 November 2016 |title=Circular #1565 - FIFA women's tournaments 2018-2019 |url=http://resources.fifa.com/mm/document/affederation/administration/02/84/92/41/circularno.1565-fifawomenstournaments2018-2019_neutral.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161112085224/http://resources.fifa.com/mm/document/affederation/administration/02/84/92/41/circularno.1565-fifawomenstournaments2018-2019_neutral.pdf |archive-date=12 November 2016 |access-date=12 November 2016 |publisher=FIFA.com}}</ref> Ramin kowane ƙungiya ba su canza ba daga na gasar da ta gabata sai dai an motsa ramin ga masu masaukin daga CONCACAF (Kanada) zuwa UEFA (Faransa). <ref>{{Cite web |date=15 October 2016 |title=FIFA leaves berths unchanged for 2019 Women's World Cup |url=http://bigstory.ap.org/article/26ba82395a9645549de76133b3a0a3b5/fifa-leaves-berths-unchanged-2019-womens-world-cup |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161030002352/http://bigstory.ap.org/article/26ba82395a9645549de76133b3a0a3b5/fifa-leaves-berths-unchanged-2019-womens-world-cup |archive-date=30 October 2016 |access-date=29 October 2016 |website=The Big Story |publisher=[[Associated Press]]}}</ref> === Takaitaccen Bayani game da cancanta === Baya ga mai karɓar bakuncin Faransa, 207 daga cikin 210 da suka rage membobin FIFA na iya cancanta ta hanyar Tsarin cancanta ƙungiyarsu idan sun zaɓi shiga. Sai dai Guatemala <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 October 2016 |title=Suspension of the Guatemala Football Association |url=https://www.fifa.com/governance/news/y=2016/m=10/news=suspension-of-the-guatemala-football-association-2847078.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161031025713/http://www.fifa.com/governance/news/y=2016/m=10/news=suspension-of-the-guatemala-football-association-2847078.html |archive-date=31 October 2016 |publisher=FIFA.com}}</ref> da Kuwait, <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 October 2015 |title=Suspension of the Kuwait Football Association |url=https://www.fifa.com/governance/news/y=2015/m=10/news=suspension-of-the-kuwait-football-association-2717726.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151018164814/http://www.fifa.com/governance/news/y=2015/m=10/news=suspension-of-the-kuwait-football-association-2717726.html |archive-date=18 October 2015 |publisher=FIFA.com}}</ref> wadanda FIFA ta dakatar da kungiyoyin kwallon kafa, da Equatorial Guinea, wadanda aka dakatar da su daga gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA ta 2019. <ref name="equatorial guinea">{{Cite web |date=5 October 2017 |title=Equatorial Guinea expelled from FIFA Women’s World Cup France 2019 |url=https://www.fifa.com/governance/news/y=2017/m=10/news=equatorial-guinea-expelled-from-fifa-women-s-world-cup-france-2019-2910394.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171006012154/http://www.fifa.com/governance/news/y=2017/m=10/news=equatorial-guinea-expelled-from-fifa-women-s-world-cup-france-2019-2910394.html |archive-date=6 October 2017 |publisher=FIFA.com}}</ref> Guam, Lebanon, Saliyo, da Turks da Caicos Islands da farko an jawo su cikin matakan cancanta amma sun janye daga wasanninsu na cancanta. Fiye da kasashe 30, galibi a Asiya da Afirka, ba su shiga cancanta ba, gami da Saudi Arabia, Tunisia da Masar, wadanda suka cancanci kungiyoyi don gasar cin [[Kofin kwallon kafar duniya ta 2018|Kofin Duniya na FIFA na 2018]]. rn6yo24pf290x6z8zn4jflia3nz1mt9 0 149220 830050 2026-05-05T09:42:51Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345252652|Mike Hauptmeijer]]" 830050 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mike Hauptmeijer''' (an haife shi a ranar 18 ga Maris 1997) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwararren ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] ɗan ƙasar Holland wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai tsaran raga|mai tsaron gida]] a ƙungiyar Super League ta Bali United . == Sana'ar ƙwararru == Hauptmeijer ya shiga makarantar horar da matasa ta PEC Zwolle yana da shekaru 9, kuma ya yi horo ne kawai da makarantar horar da matasansu. [1] Ya fara buga wasa a Zwolle a ranar 3 ga Fabrairu 2018 a wasan da suka sha kashi a hannun PSV Eindhoven da ci 4-0, a matsayin wanda ya maye gurbinsa bayan Mickey van der Hart ya sami jan kati a minti na 42. [2] A ranar 31 ga Janairun 2019, an ba Hauptmeijer aro ga Achilles '29 . A ranar 30 ga Yuni 2025, Hauptmeijer ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin kakar wasa biyu da kulob din Bali United na Indonesia. == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == An sanya Hauptmeijer a cikin jerin 'yan wasan da ke buga wa Netherlands U15 <ref>{{Cite web |title=OnsOranje - Selectiewedstrijd Oranje onder 15 |url=https://www.onsoranje.nl/nieuws/jeugd-mannen-onder-15/29498/selectiewedstrijd-oranje-onder-15 |website=www.onsoranje.nl}}</ref> da Netherlands U20, <ref>{{Cite web |title=OnsOranje - Selectie vierlandentoernooi Onder 20 |url=https://www.onsoranje.nl/nieuws/jeugd-mannen-beloftenelftal/67014/selectie-vierlandentoernooi-onder-20 |website=www.onsoranje.nl}}</ref> amma bai buga wasa na farko a kowane mataki ba. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1997]] 25fr85w4gcexuexl2x0tihf8zexc5hq 830052 830050 2026-05-05T09:43:13Z Sardeeq 39275 830052 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mike Hauptmeijer''' (an haife shi a ranar 18 ga Maris 1997) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwararren ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] ɗan ƙasar Holland wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai tsaran raga|mai tsaron gida]] a ƙungiyar Super League ta Bali United . == Sana'ar ƙwararru == Hauptmeijer ya shiga makarantar horar da matasa ta PEC Zwolle yana da shekaru 9, kuma ya yi horo ne kawai da makarantar horar da matasansu. [1] Ya fara buga wasa a Zwolle a ranar 3 ga Fabrairu 2018 a wasan da suka sha kashi a hannun PSV Eindhoven da ci 4-0, a matsayin wanda ya maye gurbinsa bayan Mickey van der Hart ya sami jan kati a minti na 42. [2] A ranar 31 ga Janairun 2019, an ba Hauptmeijer aro ga Achilles '29 . A ranar 30 ga Yuni 2025, Hauptmeijer ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin kakar wasa biyu da kulob din Bali United na Indonesia. == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == An sanya Hauptmeijer a cikin jerin 'yan wasan da ke buga wa Netherlands U15 <ref>{{Cite web |title=OnsOranje - Selectiewedstrijd Oranje onder 15 |url=https://www.onsoranje.nl/nieuws/jeugd-mannen-onder-15/29498/selectiewedstrijd-oranje-onder-15 |website=www.onsoranje.nl}}</ref> da Netherlands U20, <ref>{{Cite web |title=OnsOranje - Selectie vierlandentoernooi Onder 20 |url=https://www.onsoranje.nl/nieuws/jeugd-mannen-beloftenelftal/67014/selectie-vierlandentoernooi-onder-20 |website=www.onsoranje.nl}}</ref> amma bai buga wasa na farko a kowane mataki ba. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1997]] f5yjo5ltgoblblnh9efq4bmd9h72f7v 0 149221 830051 2026-05-05T09:43:01Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1314292324|2018 Women's Africa Cup of Nations qualification]]" 830051 wikitext text/x-wiki Gasar cin Kofin Kasashen Afirka na Mata na 2018 gasar [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] ce ta mata wacce ta yanke shawarar kungiyoyin da suka halarci gasar cin kofin Afirka ta mata na 2018. Kungiyoyi takwas ne suka cancanci yin wasa a gasar ta karshe, gami da Ghana wacce ta cancanci ta atomatik a matsayin masu masaukin baki.<ref name="hosts">{{Cite web |date=28 September 2016 |title=GHANA TO HOST 2018 AFRICA WOMEN CUP OF NATIONS |url=http://dhakaba.com/ghana-to-host-2018-africa-women-cup-of-nations/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180411010042/http://www.dhakaba.com/ghana-to-host-2018-africa-women-cup-of-nations |archive-date=11 April 2018 |access-date=18 October 2017 |publisher=dhakaba.com}}</ref> Baya ga Ghana, sauran mambobi 53 na CAF sun cancanci shiga gasar cancanta, kuma jimlar kungiyoyi 24 na kasa sun kasance a cikin zane-zane, wanda aka sanar a farkon Oktoba 2017.<ref name="reference one">{{Cite web |date=4 October 2017 |title=Nigeria draw bye in 2018 Women’s AFCON qualifiers |url=https://www.busybuddiesng.com/nigeria-draw-bye-2018-womens-afcon-qualifiers/ |access-date=12 October 2017 |publisher=busybuddiesng.com}}</ref> Da farko an dakatar da Equatorial Guinea daga gasar cin kofin mata ta Afirka ta 2018, <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 August 2016 |title=Equatorial Guinea disqualified, Mali in |url=http://www.cafonline.com/en-US/NewsCenter/News/NewsDetails?id=cGoku18JfIkCzfbaiaTs8g%3D%3D |publisher=CAF}}</ref> amma an sake dawo da su bayan an ɗaga haramcin a watan Yulin 2017 a taron kwamitin CAF na gaggawa, kuma an haɗa su cikin zane-zane. Koyaya, FIFA ta hana su samun cancanta ga gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA ta 2019, ma'ana ba za su iya samun cancanta don gasar cin kofen duniya ba tare da la'akari da rawar da suka taka a gasar cin kocin mata ta Afirka ba.<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 October 2017 |title=Equatorial Guinea banned from 2019 Women's World Cup |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/41513204 |publisher=BBC}}</ref><ref name="equatorial guinea">{{Cite web |date=5 October 2017 |title=Equatorial Guinea expelled from FIFA Women’s World Cup France 2019 |url=https://www.fifa.com/governance/news/y=2017/m=10/news=equatorial-guinea-expelled-from-fifa-women-s-world-cup-france-2019-2910394.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171006012154/http://www.fifa.com/governance/news/y=2017/m=10/news=equatorial-guinea-expelled-from-fifa-women-s-world-cup-france-2019-2910394.html |archive-date=6 October 2017 |publisher=FIFA.com}}</ref> FIFA Women's World Rankings a watan Satumbar 2017 a cikin ƙuƙwalwa (NR=Ba a sanya shi ba). <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 September 2017 |title=The FIFA Women's World Ranking - Africa Zone |url=https://www.fifa.com/fifa-world-ranking/ranking-table/women/rank=559/caf.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180211131223/https://www.fifa.com/fifa-world-ranking/ranking-table/women/rank=559/caf.html |archive-date=11 February 2018 |access-date=12 October 2017 |publisher=FIFA}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" !Masu karɓar bakuncin gasar ta ƙarshe !Fare zuwa zagaye na biyu (4 teams) <br /> !Masu shiga zagaye na farko (20 teams) <br /> |- | valign="top" | * '''{{Fbw|GHA}}''' (46) | valign="top" | * '''{{Fbw|NGA}}''' (35) * '''{{Fbw|CMR}}''' (47) * '''{{Fbw|EQG}}''' (51) * '''{{Fbw|RSA}}''' (52) | valign="top" | * (63) {{Fbw|CIV}} * (72) {{Fbw|MAR}} * '''{{Fbw|ALG}}''' (74) * (78) {{Fbw|SEN}} * (83) {{Fbw|ZIM}} * '''{{Fbw|MLI}}''' (85) * (93) {{Fbw|ETH}} * (101) {{Fbw|BFA}} * '''{{Fbw|ZAM}}''' (102) * (103) {{Fbw|NAM}} * (108) {{Fbw|TAN}} * (114) {{Fbw|KEN}} * (115) {{Fbw|UGA}} * (NR) {{Fbw|CTA}} * (NR) {{Fbw|CGO}} * (NR) {{Fbw|GAM}} * (NR) {{Fbw|LES}} * (NR) {{Fbw|LBY}} * (NR) {{Fbw|SLE}} * (NR) {{Fbw|SWZ}} |} == Tsarin == == Shirin == Shirin zagaye na cancanta kamar haka ne.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 December 2017 |title=2018 African Women's Cup of Nations qualifiers moved |url=http://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/2018-african-womens-cup-of-nations-qualifiers-moved/1b7qiwbmv0mq81r3n7a7ky2n3n |publisher=Goal.com}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" !Zagaye !Ranar da aka yi |- |Zagaye na farko |4-10 Afrilu 2018 |- |Zagaye na biyu |4-12 Yuni 2018 |} An shirya zagaye na farko ne don 26 ga Fabrairu - 6 ga Maris 2018, kuma zagaye na biyu don 2-10 ga Afrilu 2018, amma an motsa kwanakin saboda rikici tare da CAF Women's Symposium a farkon Maris. == Manazarta == r52gorqwj630bq5e85zwnx00nsoi8fm 830053 830051 2026-05-05T09:43:23Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 830053 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Gasar cin Kofin Kasashen Afirka na Mata na 2018 gasar [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] ce ta mata wacce ta yanke shawarar kungiyoyin da suka halarci gasar cin kofin Afirka ta mata na 2018. Kungiyoyi takwas ne suka cancanci yin wasa a gasar ta karshe, gami da Ghana wacce ta cancanci ta atomatik a matsayin masu masaukin baki.<ref name="hosts">{{Cite web |date=28 September 2016 |title=GHANA TO HOST 2018 AFRICA WOMEN CUP OF NATIONS |url=http://dhakaba.com/ghana-to-host-2018-africa-women-cup-of-nations/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180411010042/http://www.dhakaba.com/ghana-to-host-2018-africa-women-cup-of-nations |archive-date=11 April 2018 |access-date=18 October 2017 |publisher=dhakaba.com}}</ref> Baya ga Ghana, sauran mambobi 53 na CAF sun cancanci shiga gasar cancanta, kuma jimlar kungiyoyi 24 na kasa sun kasance a cikin zane-zane, wanda aka sanar a farkon Oktoba 2017.<ref name="reference one">{{Cite web |date=4 October 2017 |title=Nigeria draw bye in 2018 Women’s AFCON qualifiers |url=https://www.busybuddiesng.com/nigeria-draw-bye-2018-womens-afcon-qualifiers/ |access-date=12 October 2017 |publisher=busybuddiesng.com}}</ref> Da farko an dakatar da Equatorial Guinea daga gasar cin kofin mata ta Afirka ta 2018, <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 August 2016 |title=Equatorial Guinea disqualified, Mali in |url=http://www.cafonline.com/en-US/NewsCenter/News/NewsDetails?id=cGoku18JfIkCzfbaiaTs8g%3D%3D |publisher=CAF}}</ref> amma an sake dawo da su bayan an ɗaga haramcin a watan Yulin 2017 a taron kwamitin CAF na gaggawa, kuma an haɗa su cikin zane-zane. Koyaya, FIFA ta hana su samun cancanta ga gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA ta 2019, ma'ana ba za su iya samun cancanta don gasar cin kofen duniya ba tare da la'akari da rawar da suka taka a gasar cin kocin mata ta Afirka ba.<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 October 2017 |title=Equatorial Guinea banned from 2019 Women's World Cup |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/41513204 |publisher=BBC}}</ref><ref name="equatorial guinea">{{Cite web |date=5 October 2017 |title=Equatorial Guinea expelled from FIFA Women’s World Cup France 2019 |url=https://www.fifa.com/governance/news/y=2017/m=10/news=equatorial-guinea-expelled-from-fifa-women-s-world-cup-france-2019-2910394.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171006012154/http://www.fifa.com/governance/news/y=2017/m=10/news=equatorial-guinea-expelled-from-fifa-women-s-world-cup-france-2019-2910394.html |archive-date=6 October 2017 |publisher=FIFA.com}}</ref> FIFA Women's World Rankings a watan Satumbar 2017 a cikin ƙuƙwalwa (NR=Ba a sanya shi ba). <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 September 2017 |title=The FIFA Women's World Ranking - Africa Zone |url=https://www.fifa.com/fifa-world-ranking/ranking-table/women/rank=559/caf.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180211131223/https://www.fifa.com/fifa-world-ranking/ranking-table/women/rank=559/caf.html |archive-date=11 February 2018 |access-date=12 October 2017 |publisher=FIFA}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" !Masu karɓar bakuncin gasar ta ƙarshe !Fare zuwa zagaye na biyu (4 teams) <br /> !Masu shiga zagaye na farko (20 teams) <br /> |- | valign="top" | * '''{{Fbw|GHA}}''' (46) | valign="top" | * '''{{Fbw|NGA}}''' (35) * '''{{Fbw|CMR}}''' (47) * '''{{Fbw|EQG}}''' (51) * '''{{Fbw|RSA}}''' (52) | valign="top" | * (63) {{Fbw|CIV}} * (72) {{Fbw|MAR}} * '''{{Fbw|ALG}}''' (74) * (78) {{Fbw|SEN}} * (83) {{Fbw|ZIM}} * '''{{Fbw|MLI}}''' (85) * (93) {{Fbw|ETH}} * (101) {{Fbw|BFA}} * '''{{Fbw|ZAM}}''' (102) * (103) {{Fbw|NAM}} * (108) {{Fbw|TAN}} * (114) {{Fbw|KEN}} * (115) {{Fbw|UGA}} * (NR) {{Fbw|CTA}} * (NR) {{Fbw|CGO}} * (NR) {{Fbw|GAM}} * (NR) {{Fbw|LES}} * (NR) {{Fbw|LBY}} * (NR) {{Fbw|SLE}} * (NR) {{Fbw|SWZ}} |} == Tsarin == == Shirin == Shirin zagaye na cancanta kamar haka ne.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 December 2017 |title=2018 African Women's Cup of Nations qualifiers moved |url=http://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/2018-african-womens-cup-of-nations-qualifiers-moved/1b7qiwbmv0mq81r3n7a7ky2n3n |publisher=Goal.com}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" !Zagaye !Ranar da aka yi |- |Zagaye na farko |4-10 Afrilu 2018 |- |Zagaye na biyu |4-12 Yuni 2018 |} An shirya zagaye na farko ne don 26 ga Fabrairu - 6 ga Maris 2018, kuma zagaye na biyu don 2-10 ga Afrilu 2018, amma an motsa kwanakin saboda rikici tare da CAF Women's Symposium a farkon Maris. == Manazarta == kl4xgrxv1o7zkhv3sib1x8inzy8yna1 0 149222 830054 2026-05-05T09:43:59Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1327640378|2019 FIFA Women's World Cup Group A]]" 830054 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rukunin A na Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Mata ta FIFA ta 2019''' ya gudana daga 7 zuwa 17 Yuni 2019. <ref name="match schedule">{{Cite web |date=8 December 2018 |title=Match Schedule FIFA Women's World Cup France 2019 |url=https://img.fifa.com/image/upload/lyydkcj1chj8wwmorgbt.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181209124257/https://img.fifa.com/image/upload/lyydkcj1chj8wwmorgbt.pdf |archive-date=9 December 2018 |access-date=8 December 2018 |website=FIFA.com |publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association |format=PDF}}</ref> Kungiyar ta kunshi masu karɓar bakuncin Faransa, [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Najeriya|Najeriya]], Norway da Koriya ta Kudu. Manyan kungiyoyi biyu, Faransa da Norway, tare da tawagar ta uku, Najeriya (a matsayin daya daga cikin kungiyoyi hudu mafi kyau na uku), sun ci gaba zuwa zagaye na 16.<ref name="regulations">{{Cite web |title=Regulations – FIFA Women’s World Cup France 2019 |url=https://resources.fifa.com/image/upload/fifa-women-s-world-cup-france-2019tm-regulations.pdf?cloudid=ztloydigvm0hzcoqbtez |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181209124044/https://resources.fifa.com/image/upload/fifa-women-s-world-cup-france-2019tm-regulations.pdf?cloudid=ztloydigvm0hzcoqbtez |archive-date=9 December 2018 |access-date=8 December 2018 |website=FIFA}}</ref> == Ƙungiyoyin == {| class="wikitable sortable" ! rowspan="2" |Matsayi na zanawa ! rowspan="2" |Kungiyar ! rowspan="2" |Rukunin ! rowspan="2" |Ƙungiya ! rowspan="2" |Hanyar cancanta<br /> ! rowspan="2" |Ranar cancanta<br /> ! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="number" |Bayyanawa ta ƙarshe<br /> ! rowspan="2" |Kashi<br /> ! rowspan="2" |Mafi kyawun wasan da ya gabata<br /> ! colspan="2" |Matsayi na FIFA |- !Disamba 2018{{Refn|The rankings of December 2018 were used for [[2019 FIFA Women's World Cup#Draw|seeding for the final draw]].|group=nb}} !Maris 2019 |- |A1 | style="white-space:nowrap" |{{Fbw|FRA|1974}} |1 |[[UEFA]] | data-sort-value="*" |Masu masauki |19 Maris 2015 |Na huɗu |2015 | data-sort-value="4" |Matsayi na huɗu (2011) |3 |4 |- |A2 | style="white-space:nowrap" |{{Fbw|KOR}} |3 |AFC |Kofin Asiya na Mata na AFC matsayi na 5 |16 ga Afrilu 2018 |Na uku |2015 | data-sort-value="9" |Zagaye na 16 (2015) |14 |14 |- |A3 | style="white-space:nowrap" |{{Fbw|NOR}} |2 |[[UEFA]] |Wadanda suka lashe gasar UEFA Group 3 |4 ga Satumba 2018 |Na 8th |2015 | data-sort-value="1" |Masu cin nasara (1995) |13 |12 |- |A4 | style="white-space:nowrap" |{{Fbw|NGA}} |4 |CAF |Zakarun Kofin Kasashen Afirka na Mata |27 Nuwamba 2018 |Na 8th |2015 | data-sort-value="5" |Kashi na karshe (1999) |39 |38 |} <div class="footballbox" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/SportsEvent" style="color:inherit"><div class="fleft"><div class="fdate"><time>7 Yuni 2019 <span style="display: none;"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">2019-06-07</span>)&nbsp;</span> &nbsp;&nbsp;</time></div><div class="ftime"><time>21:00</time></div></div> {| class="fevent" |- itemprop="name" ! class="fhome" itemprop="homeTeam" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/SportsTeam" |<span itemprop="name">[[France women's national football team|Faransa]]<span class="flagicon">&nbsp;[[File:Flag_of_France_(lighter_variant).svg|link=|alt=|border|23x23px]]</span></span> ! class="fscore" |4–0 ! class="faway" itemprop="awayTeam" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/SportsTeam" |<span itemprop="name"><span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_South_Korea.svg|link=|alt=|border|23x23px]]&nbsp;</span>[[South Korea women's national football team|Koriya ta Kudu]]</span> |- class="fgoals" | class="fhgoal" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="plainlist"> * Rashin Rana 9'<span class="fb-goal">[[Fayil:Soccerball_shade.svg|link=|alt=|13x13px|Goal]]&#x20;<span>9'&#x27;</span></span> * Renard 35', 45+2'<span class="fb-goal">35', 45+2'[[Fayil:Soccerball_shade.svg|link=|alt=|13x13px|Goal]]&#x20;<span>45+2'&#x27;</span></span> * Henry 85'<span class="fb-goal">[[Fayil:Soccerball_shade.svg|link=|alt=|13x13px|Goal]]&#x20;<span>85'&#x27;</span></span> </div> |[https://www.fifa.com/tournaments/womens/womensworldcup/france2019/match-center/300438238 Rahoton] | class="fagoal" | |} <div class="fright"><div itemprop="location" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Place"><span itemprop="name address">[[Parc des Princes|Gidan shakatawa na Princes]], [[Faris|Paris]]</span></div><div>Masu halarta: 45,261 </div><div>Mai ba da shawara: Claudia Umpiérrez (Uruguay) </div></div></div> == Wasanni == Duk lokutan da aka jera sune na gida, CEST (UTC+2). <ref name="match schedule">{{Cite web |date=8 December 2018 |title=Match Schedule FIFA Women's World Cup France 2019 |url=https://img.fifa.com/image/upload/lyydkcj1chj8wwmorgbt.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181209124257/https://img.fifa.com/image/upload/lyydkcj1chj8wwmorgbt.pdf |archive-date=9 December 2018 |access-date=8 December 2018 |website=FIFA.com |publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association |format=PDF}}</ref> === Faransa da Koriya ta Kudu === == Manazarta == cxgedaijeaz27281njj4ldeeokw63va 830057 830054 2026-05-05T09:44:48Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 830057 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Rukunin A na Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Mata ta FIFA ta 2019''' ya gudana daga 7 zuwa 17 Yuni 2019. <ref name="match schedule">{{Cite web |date=8 December 2018 |title=Match Schedule FIFA Women's World Cup France 2019 |url=https://img.fifa.com/image/upload/lyydkcj1chj8wwmorgbt.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181209124257/https://img.fifa.com/image/upload/lyydkcj1chj8wwmorgbt.pdf |archive-date=9 December 2018 |access-date=8 December 2018 |website=FIFA.com |publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association |format=PDF}}</ref> Kungiyar ta kunshi masu karɓar bakuncin Faransa, [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Najeriya|Najeriya]], Norway da Koriya ta Kudu. Manyan kungiyoyi biyu, Faransa da Norway, tare da tawagar ta uku, Najeriya (a matsayin daya daga cikin kungiyoyi hudu mafi kyau na uku), sun ci gaba zuwa zagaye na 16.<ref name="regulations">{{Cite web |title=Regulations – FIFA Women’s World Cup France 2019 |url=https://resources.fifa.com/image/upload/fifa-women-s-world-cup-france-2019tm-regulations.pdf?cloudid=ztloydigvm0hzcoqbtez |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181209124044/https://resources.fifa.com/image/upload/fifa-women-s-world-cup-france-2019tm-regulations.pdf?cloudid=ztloydigvm0hzcoqbtez |archive-date=9 December 2018 |access-date=8 December 2018 |website=FIFA}}</ref> == Ƙungiyoyin == {| class="wikitable sortable" ! rowspan="2" |Matsayi na zanawa ! rowspan="2" |Kungiyar ! rowspan="2" |Rukunin ! rowspan="2" |Ƙungiya ! rowspan="2" |Hanyar cancanta<br /> ! rowspan="2" |Ranar cancanta<br /> ! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="number" |Bayyanawa ta ƙarshe<br /> ! rowspan="2" |Kashi<br /> ! rowspan="2" |Mafi kyawun wasan da ya gabata<br /> ! colspan="2" |Matsayi na FIFA |- !Disamba 2018{{Refn|The rankings of December 2018 were used for [[2019 FIFA Women's World Cup#Draw|seeding for the final draw]].|group=nb}} !Maris 2019 |- |A1 | style="white-space:nowrap" |{{Fbw|FRA|1974}} |1 |[[UEFA]] | data-sort-value="*" |Masu masauki |19 Maris 2015 |Na huɗu |2015 | data-sort-value="4" |Matsayi na huɗu (2011) |3 |4 |- |A2 | style="white-space:nowrap" |{{Fbw|KOR}} |3 |AFC |Kofin Asiya na Mata na AFC matsayi na 5 |16 ga Afrilu 2018 |Na uku |2015 | data-sort-value="9" |Zagaye na 16 (2015) |14 |14 |- |A3 | style="white-space:nowrap" |{{Fbw|NOR}} |2 |[[UEFA]] |Wadanda suka lashe gasar UEFA Group 3 |4 ga Satumba 2018 |Na 8th |2015 | data-sort-value="1" |Masu cin nasara (1995) |13 |12 |- |A4 | style="white-space:nowrap" |{{Fbw|NGA}} |4 |CAF |Zakarun Kofin Kasashen Afirka na Mata |27 Nuwamba 2018 |Na 8th |2015 | data-sort-value="5" |Kashi na karshe (1999) |39 |38 |} <div class="footballbox" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/SportsEvent" style="color:inherit"><div class="fleft"><div class="fdate"><time>7 Yuni 2019 <span style="display: none;"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">2019-06-07</span>)&nbsp;</span> &nbsp;&nbsp;</time></div><div class="ftime"><time>21:00</time></div></div> {| class="fevent" |- itemprop="name" ! class="fhome" itemprop="homeTeam" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/SportsTeam" |<span itemprop="name">[[France women's national football team|Faransa]]<span class="flagicon">&nbsp;[[File:Flag_of_France_(lighter_variant).svg|link=|alt=|border|23x23px]]</span></span> ! class="fscore" |4–0 ! class="faway" itemprop="awayTeam" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/SportsTeam" |<span itemprop="name"><span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_South_Korea.svg|link=|alt=|border|23x23px]]&nbsp;</span>[[South Korea women's national football team|Koriya ta Kudu]]</span> |- class="fgoals" | class="fhgoal" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="plainlist"> * Rashin Rana 9'<span class="fb-goal">[[Fayil:Soccerball_shade.svg|link=|alt=|13x13px|Goal]]&#x20;<span>9'&#x27;</span></span> * Renard 35', 45+2'<span class="fb-goal">35', 45+2'[[Fayil:Soccerball_shade.svg|link=|alt=|13x13px|Goal]]&#x20;<span>45+2'&#x27;</span></span> * Henry 85'<span class="fb-goal">[[Fayil:Soccerball_shade.svg|link=|alt=|13x13px|Goal]]&#x20;<span>85'&#x27;</span></span> </div> |[https://www.fifa.com/tournaments/womens/womensworldcup/france2019/match-center/300438238 Rahoton] | class="fagoal" | |} <div class="fright"><div itemprop="location" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Place"><span itemprop="name address">[[Parc des Princes|Gidan shakatawa na Princes]], [[Faris|Paris]]</span></div><div>Masu halarta: 45,261 </div><div>Mai ba da shawara: Claudia Umpiérrez (Uruguay) </div></div></div> == Wasanni == Duk lokutan da aka jera sune na gida, CEST (UTC+2). <ref name="match schedule">{{Cite web |date=8 December 2018 |title=Match Schedule FIFA Women's World Cup France 2019 |url=https://img.fifa.com/image/upload/lyydkcj1chj8wwmorgbt.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181209124257/https://img.fifa.com/image/upload/lyydkcj1chj8wwmorgbt.pdf |archive-date=9 December 2018 |access-date=8 December 2018 |website=FIFA.com |publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association |format=PDF}}</ref> === Faransa da Koriya ta Kudu === == Manazarta == <references /> j1xrjnqahjxxjpq4mfm3tey825uw660 0 149223 830055 2026-05-05T09:44:17Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1324591007|Antoine Gounet]]" 830055 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Antoine Gounet''' (an haife shi a ranar 16 ga Oktoba 1988) tsohon ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Faransa wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai tsaran raga|mai tsaron gida]] a ƙungiyoyi da dama a Faransa, Netherlands da Ingila. == Sana'a == === Shekarun farko === Gounet ya girma a Levet, Cher, Faransa kuma ya fara aikinsa a kulob dinsa na gida Bourges 18, inda ya sanya hannu yana da shekaru 12. <ref name="getfootballnewsfrance">{{Cite web |title=In Depth Interview: Antoine Gounet |url=http://www.getfootballnewsfrance.com/2013/in-depth-interview-antoine-gounet/ |access-date=10 April 2014 |publisher=Get French Football News}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Portrait / Antoine Gounet : 'Viva la vida !' |url=https://www.qrm.fr/m-976-portrait-antoine-gounet-viva-la-vida-.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200709012029/https://www.qrm.fr/m-976-portrait-antoine-gounet-viva-la-vida-.html |archive-date=9 July 2020 |access-date=29 April 2020 |website=SAS Quevilly Rouen Métropole}}</ref> === Yawon shakatawa === Gounet ya koma ƙungiyar Ligue 2 Tours yana da shekaru 18. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Gounet, Le Patient Anglais |url=http://www.lanouvellerepublique.fr/Indre-et-Loire/n/Contenus/Articles/2011/11/30/GOUNET-LE-PATIENT-ANGLAIS |access-date=17 April 2017 |website=La Nouvelle République Indre-et-Loire}}</ref> Bayan raunin da mai tsaron raga na farko Peter Jehle ya samu, Gounet ya yi aiki a matsayin madadin [[Denis Ribeiro]] a wasanni da dama na Ligue 2 da Coupe de France a kakar wasa ta 2008-09 . <ref name="ESPNFC0809">{{Cite web |title=Antoine Gounet Player Profile |url=http://www.espnfc.com/player/129811/antoine-gounet?season=2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190413105926/http://www.espnfc.com/player/129811/antoine-gounet?season=2008 |archive-date=13 April 2019 |access-date=4 August 2014 |publisher=ESPN FC}}</ref> A lokacin da yake Tours, ya kasance abokin wasansa na gaba a ƙungiyar Faransa [[Laurent Koscielny]] da [[Olivier Giroud]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Antoine Gounet : " J'avais envie d'aller dans des stades où il y a du monde " |url=http://www.sofoot.com/antoine-gounet-j-avais-envie-d-aller-dans-des-stades-ou-il-y-a-du-monde-166216.html |access-date=17 April 2017 |website=SOFOOT.com |language=fr-FR}}</ref> Gounet ya buga wasanni 40 a ƙungiyar B a gasar Championnat de France mai son 2 a lokacin da yake ƙungiyar, ciki har da wasanni 28 a kakar wasa ta 2010-11 . <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 October 1988 |title=Antoine Gounet – Football Career |url=http://www.fieldoo.com/antoinegounet?tab=career |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924012446/http://www.fieldoo.com/antoinegounet?tab=career |archive-date=24 September 2015 |access-date=4 August 2014 |publisher=Fieldoo}}</ref> Zaman Gounet a Tours ya ƙare bayan ya ji rauni a shekarar 2010, wanda hakan ya hana shi buga ƙwallon ƙafa na tsawon shekara guda kuma ƙungiyar ta sake shi a watan Yunin 2011. <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 December 2012 |title=Antoine Gounet reflects on remarkable journey from trial to first team |url=http://www.whtimes.co.uk/cmlink/london-24/sport/football/clubs/brentford/antoine_gounet_reflects_on_remarkable_journey_from_trial_to_first_team_1_1749251 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170203081240/http://www.whtimes.co.uk/cmlink/london-24/sport/football/clubs/brentford/antoine_gounet_reflects_on_remarkable_journey_from_trial_to_first_team_1_1749251 |archive-date=3 February 2017 |access-date=10 April 2014 |publisher=London24}}</ref> === Brentford === Bayan ya isa Landan a watan Oktoban 2011, an ba Gounet gwajin makonni biyu a kulob din League One [[Brentford FC|Brentford]] . <ref name="skysports">{{Cite web |title=Bees bring in keeper |url=http://www1.skysports.com/football/news/11748/7460924/bees-bring-in-keeper |access-date=10 April 2014 |publisher=Sky Sports}}</ref> A ƙarshen Janairun 2012, ya yi matukar farin ciki har aka ba shi kwangilar da za ta kare har zuwa ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2011-12, tare da zaɓin ƙarin shekara. <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 January 2012 |title=Bees Sign Goalkeeper |url=http://www.brentfordfc.co.uk.p.preprod.performgroup.com/page/LatestNews/0,,10421~2591078,00.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180909224801/http://www.brentfordfc.co.uk.p.preprod.performgroup.com/page/LatestNews/0,,10421~2591078,00.html |archive-date=9 September 2018 |access-date=9 September 2018 |website=brentfordfc.co.uk}}</ref> Gounet ya kasa bugawa ƙungiyar farko a lokacin rabin kakar wasa ta biyu kuma ya buga wa ƙungiyar Development Squad . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Player Profile |url=http://www.brentfordfc.co.uk/team/player-profile/index.aspx?playerid=420831&tcmuri=188852 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130202072131/http://www.brentfordfc.co.uk/team/player-profile/index.aspx?playerid=420831&tcmuri=188852 |archive-date=2 February 2013 |access-date=18 January 2018}}</ref> An ɗauki zaɓin kwangilarsa a watan Mayun 2012. <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 May 2012 |title=Squad Update |url=http://www.brentfordfc.co.uk.p.preprod.performgroup.com/page/LatestNews/0,,10421~2763789,00.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180622192816/http://www.brentfordfc.co.uk.p.preprod.performgroup.com/page/LatestNews/0,,10421~2763789,00.html |archive-date=22 June 2018 |access-date=9 September 2018 |website=brentfordfc.co.uk}}</ref> Ya buga wasansa na farko a ƙungiyar tare da fara wasan zagaye na biyu na gasar cin kofin FA da Bradford City a Griffin Park a ranar 18 ga Disamba 2012 kuma ya zura kwallaye biyu yayin da Brentford ta fitar da nasara 4-2 bayan ƙarin lokaci . <ref name="ESPNFC1213">{{Cite web |title=Antoine Gounet Player Profile |url=http://www.espnfc.com/player/129811/antoine-gounet?season=2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180909185655/http://www.espnfc.com/player/129811/antoine-gounet?season=2012 |archive-date=9 September 2018 |access-date=4 August 2014 |publisher=ESPN FC}}</ref> A ƙarshen kakar wasa, Gounet ya zama mai tsaron baya na yau da kullun ga Simon Moore . <ref name="ESPNFC1213" /> An sake shi bayan karewar kwantiraginsa, jim kaɗan bayan rashin nasarar da Brentford ta yi a wasan karshe na gasar League One da Yeovil Town . <ref>{{Cite web |title=End of Season Player Update |url=https://www.brentfordfc.com/en/news/article/end-of-season-player-update_59421 |access-date=10 April 2014 |publisher=Brentfordfc.com}}</ref> Gounet ya buga wasa ɗaya kacal a ƙungiyar farko ga Bees. === Daga baya aiki === Kungiyar Laval ta Ligue 2 ta ba Gounet kwangila a lokacin hutun kakar wasa ta 2013, amma ya ƙi amincewa da hakan saboda yana son ci gaba da zama a Ingila . <ref name="getfootballnewsfrance">{{Cite web |title=In Depth Interview: Antoine Gounet |url=http://www.getfootballnewsfrance.com/2013/in-depth-interview-antoine-gounet/ |access-date=10 April 2014 |publisher=Get French Football News}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.getfootballnewsfrance.com/2013/in-depth-interview-antoine-gounet/ "In Depth Interview: Antoine Gounet"]. Get French Football News<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 April</span> 2014</span>.</cite></ref> A watan Janairun 2014, Gounet ya wallafa a shafinsa na Twitter cewa yana yin atisaye da kungiyar [[Premier League]] Fulham kuma ya yi gwaji da kungiyar Scottish Championship ta Hibernian a lokacin shirye-shiryen kakar wasa ta 2014-15 . <ref>{{Cite tweet|user=antoinegounet}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Johnstone |first=Darren |date=21 July 2014 |title=Antoine Gounet to remain on trial at Hibs |url=http://www.scotsman.com/sport/football/spfl-lower-divisions/antoine-gounet-to-remain-on-trial-at-hibs-1-3482735 |access-date=4 August 2014 |publisher=The Scotsman}}</ref> A watan Nuwamba na 2015, Gounet ya koma Netherlands don sanya hannu a kulob din Topklasse na Magreb '90 . [1] Ya buga wasanni 11 a sauran kakar wasa ta 2015-16 . [2] A ranar 31 ga Janairun 2017, Gounet ya koma kulob din Eerste Divisie na Achilles '29 a kan kwantiragin da zai kare a karshen kakar wasa ta 2016-17 . [3] Ya kasa buga wasa kafin karshen kakar wasa, lokacin da aka fitar da Whiteblacks bayan sun kare a matakin karshe na gasar Eerste Divisie. [2] An sake shi lokacin da kwantiraginsa ya kare. [4] A ranar 9 ga Yuli 2017, Gounet ya koma Faransa don sanya hannu kan kwangila da sabuwar ƙungiyar Ligue 2 ta Amurka Quevilly-Rouen . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mercato : Antoine Gounet, c'est signé ! |url=https://www.qrm.fr/m-725-.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170909185800/https://www.qrm.fr/m-725-.html |archive-date=9 September 2017 |access-date=9 July 2017 |website=SAS Quevilly Rouen Métropole}}</ref> Ya kasance wanda ba a yi amfani da shi ba sau 16 a lokacin kakar wasa mara kyau ta 2017-18, wanda ya haifar da koma baya ga Championnat National . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Summary – Ligue 2 – France – Results, fixtures, tables and news |url=https://int.soccerway.com/national/france/ligue-2/20172018/regular-season/r41647/ |access-date=30 May 2018 |website=Soccerway |language=en}}</ref> Gounet ya fara wasa a ƙungiyar kuma ya fara wasa ne kawai a kakar wasa ta 2018-19 tare da fara wasa a wasan Coupe de la Ligue da Troyes suka sha kashi a hannun 2-1 a ranar 14 ga Agusta 2018. <ref name="soccerway" /> Ya sanar da yin ritayarsa a watan Disamba 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |title=A N T O I N E G O U N E T on Instagram: "Pour répondre à certains de vos messages depuis la rentrée, j'ai mis un terme à ma carrière pro cette saison. Le foot a fait parti de ma…" |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/B5kf7jNKl7x/ |url-access=registration |url-status=live |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/instagram/antoinegounet/2190015750501719793 |archive-date=26 December 2021 |access-date=10 May 2020 |website=Instagram |language=fr}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] jxts3cofmfmgkhwa4z7vtpz4nm79mp6 830058 830055 2026-05-05T09:45:02Z Sardeeq 39275 830058 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Antoine Gounet''' (an haife shi a ranar 16 ga Oktoba 1988) tsohon ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Faransa wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai tsaran raga|mai tsaron gida]] a ƙungiyoyi da dama a Faransa, Netherlands da Ingila. == Sana'a == === Shekarun farko === Gounet ya girma a Levet, Cher, Faransa kuma ya fara aikinsa a kulob dinsa na gida Bourges 18, inda ya sanya hannu yana da shekaru 12. <ref name="getfootballnewsfrance">{{Cite web |title=In Depth Interview: Antoine Gounet |url=http://www.getfootballnewsfrance.com/2013/in-depth-interview-antoine-gounet/ |access-date=10 April 2014 |publisher=Get French Football News}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Portrait / Antoine Gounet : 'Viva la vida !' |url=https://www.qrm.fr/m-976-portrait-antoine-gounet-viva-la-vida-.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200709012029/https://www.qrm.fr/m-976-portrait-antoine-gounet-viva-la-vida-.html |archive-date=9 July 2020 |access-date=29 April 2020 |website=SAS Quevilly Rouen Métropole}}</ref> === Yawon shakatawa === Gounet ya koma ƙungiyar Ligue 2 Tours yana da shekaru 18. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Gounet, Le Patient Anglais |url=http://www.lanouvellerepublique.fr/Indre-et-Loire/n/Contenus/Articles/2011/11/30/GOUNET-LE-PATIENT-ANGLAIS |access-date=17 April 2017 |website=La Nouvelle République Indre-et-Loire}}</ref> Bayan raunin da mai tsaron raga na farko Peter Jehle ya samu, Gounet ya yi aiki a matsayin madadin [[Denis Ribeiro]] a wasanni da dama na Ligue 2 da Coupe de France a kakar wasa ta 2008-09 . <ref name="ESPNFC0809">{{Cite web |title=Antoine Gounet Player Profile |url=http://www.espnfc.com/player/129811/antoine-gounet?season=2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190413105926/http://www.espnfc.com/player/129811/antoine-gounet?season=2008 |archive-date=13 April 2019 |access-date=4 August 2014 |publisher=ESPN FC}}</ref> A lokacin da yake Tours, ya kasance abokin wasansa na gaba a ƙungiyar Faransa [[Laurent Koscielny]] da [[Olivier Giroud]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Antoine Gounet : " J'avais envie d'aller dans des stades où il y a du monde " |url=http://www.sofoot.com/antoine-gounet-j-avais-envie-d-aller-dans-des-stades-ou-il-y-a-du-monde-166216.html |access-date=17 April 2017 |website=SOFOOT.com |language=fr-FR}}</ref> Gounet ya buga wasanni 40 a ƙungiyar B a gasar Championnat de France mai son 2 a lokacin da yake ƙungiyar, ciki har da wasanni 28 a kakar wasa ta 2010-11 . <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 October 1988 |title=Antoine Gounet – Football Career |url=http://www.fieldoo.com/antoinegounet?tab=career |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924012446/http://www.fieldoo.com/antoinegounet?tab=career |archive-date=24 September 2015 |access-date=4 August 2014 |publisher=Fieldoo}}</ref> Zaman Gounet a Tours ya ƙare bayan ya ji rauni a shekarar 2010, wanda hakan ya hana shi buga ƙwallon ƙafa na tsawon shekara guda kuma ƙungiyar ta sake shi a watan Yunin 2011. <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 December 2012 |title=Antoine Gounet reflects on remarkable journey from trial to first team |url=http://www.whtimes.co.uk/cmlink/london-24/sport/football/clubs/brentford/antoine_gounet_reflects_on_remarkable_journey_from_trial_to_first_team_1_1749251 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170203081240/http://www.whtimes.co.uk/cmlink/london-24/sport/football/clubs/brentford/antoine_gounet_reflects_on_remarkable_journey_from_trial_to_first_team_1_1749251 |archive-date=3 February 2017 |access-date=10 April 2014 |publisher=London24}}</ref> === Brentford === Bayan ya isa Landan a watan Oktoban 2011, an ba Gounet gwajin makonni biyu a kulob din League One [[Brentford FC|Brentford]] . <ref name="skysports">{{Cite web |title=Bees bring in keeper |url=http://www1.skysports.com/football/news/11748/7460924/bees-bring-in-keeper |access-date=10 April 2014 |publisher=Sky Sports}}</ref> A ƙarshen Janairun 2012, ya yi matukar farin ciki har aka ba shi kwangilar da za ta kare har zuwa ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2011-12, tare da zaɓin ƙarin shekara. <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 January 2012 |title=Bees Sign Goalkeeper |url=http://www.brentfordfc.co.uk.p.preprod.performgroup.com/page/LatestNews/0,,10421~2591078,00.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180909224801/http://www.brentfordfc.co.uk.p.preprod.performgroup.com/page/LatestNews/0,,10421~2591078,00.html |archive-date=9 September 2018 |access-date=9 September 2018 |website=brentfordfc.co.uk}}</ref> Gounet ya kasa bugawa ƙungiyar farko a lokacin rabin kakar wasa ta biyu kuma ya buga wa ƙungiyar Development Squad . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Player Profile |url=http://www.brentfordfc.co.uk/team/player-profile/index.aspx?playerid=420831&tcmuri=188852 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130202072131/http://www.brentfordfc.co.uk/team/player-profile/index.aspx?playerid=420831&tcmuri=188852 |archive-date=2 February 2013 |access-date=18 January 2018}}</ref> An ɗauki zaɓin kwangilarsa a watan Mayun 2012. <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 May 2012 |title=Squad Update |url=http://www.brentfordfc.co.uk.p.preprod.performgroup.com/page/LatestNews/0,,10421~2763789,00.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180622192816/http://www.brentfordfc.co.uk.p.preprod.performgroup.com/page/LatestNews/0,,10421~2763789,00.html |archive-date=22 June 2018 |access-date=9 September 2018 |website=brentfordfc.co.uk}}</ref> Ya buga wasansa na farko a ƙungiyar tare da fara wasan zagaye na biyu na gasar cin kofin FA da Bradford City a Griffin Park a ranar 18 ga Disamba 2012 kuma ya zura kwallaye biyu yayin da Brentford ta fitar da nasara 4-2 bayan ƙarin lokaci . <ref name="ESPNFC1213">{{Cite web |title=Antoine Gounet Player Profile |url=http://www.espnfc.com/player/129811/antoine-gounet?season=2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180909185655/http://www.espnfc.com/player/129811/antoine-gounet?season=2012 |archive-date=9 September 2018 |access-date=4 August 2014 |publisher=ESPN FC}}</ref> A ƙarshen kakar wasa, Gounet ya zama mai tsaron baya na yau da kullun ga Simon Moore . <ref name="ESPNFC1213" /> An sake shi bayan karewar kwantiraginsa, jim kaɗan bayan rashin nasarar da Brentford ta yi a wasan karshe na gasar League One da Yeovil Town . <ref>{{Cite web |title=End of Season Player Update |url=https://www.brentfordfc.com/en/news/article/end-of-season-player-update_59421 |access-date=10 April 2014 |publisher=Brentfordfc.com}}</ref> Gounet ya buga wasa ɗaya kacal a ƙungiyar farko ga Bees. === Daga baya aiki === Kungiyar Laval ta Ligue 2 ta ba Gounet kwangila a lokacin hutun kakar wasa ta 2013, amma ya ƙi amincewa da hakan saboda yana son ci gaba da zama a Ingila . <ref name="getfootballnewsfrance">{{Cite web |title=In Depth Interview: Antoine Gounet |url=http://www.getfootballnewsfrance.com/2013/in-depth-interview-antoine-gounet/ |access-date=10 April 2014 |publisher=Get French Football News}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.getfootballnewsfrance.com/2013/in-depth-interview-antoine-gounet/ "In Depth Interview: Antoine Gounet"]. Get French Football News<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 April</span> 2014</span>.</cite></ref> A watan Janairun 2014, Gounet ya wallafa a shafinsa na Twitter cewa yana yin atisaye da kungiyar [[Premier League]] Fulham kuma ya yi gwaji da kungiyar Scottish Championship ta Hibernian a lokacin shirye-shiryen kakar wasa ta 2014-15 . <ref>{{Cite tweet|user=antoinegounet}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Johnstone |first=Darren |date=21 July 2014 |title=Antoine Gounet to remain on trial at Hibs |url=http://www.scotsman.com/sport/football/spfl-lower-divisions/antoine-gounet-to-remain-on-trial-at-hibs-1-3482735 |access-date=4 August 2014 |publisher=The Scotsman}}</ref> A watan Nuwamba na 2015, Gounet ya koma Netherlands don sanya hannu a kulob din Topklasse na Magreb '90 . [1] Ya buga wasanni 11 a sauran kakar wasa ta 2015-16 . [2] A ranar 31 ga Janairun 2017, Gounet ya koma kulob din Eerste Divisie na Achilles '29 a kan kwantiragin da zai kare a karshen kakar wasa ta 2016-17 . [3] Ya kasa buga wasa kafin karshen kakar wasa, lokacin da aka fitar da Whiteblacks bayan sun kare a matakin karshe na gasar Eerste Divisie. [2] An sake shi lokacin da kwantiraginsa ya kare. [4] A ranar 9 ga Yuli 2017, Gounet ya koma Faransa don sanya hannu kan kwangila da sabuwar ƙungiyar Ligue 2 ta Amurka Quevilly-Rouen . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mercato : Antoine Gounet, c'est signé ! |url=https://www.qrm.fr/m-725-.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170909185800/https://www.qrm.fr/m-725-.html |archive-date=9 September 2017 |access-date=9 July 2017 |website=SAS Quevilly Rouen Métropole}}</ref> Ya kasance wanda ba a yi amfani da shi ba sau 16 a lokacin kakar wasa mara kyau ta 2017-18, wanda ya haifar da koma baya ga Championnat National . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Summary – Ligue 2 – France – Results, fixtures, tables and news |url=https://int.soccerway.com/national/france/ligue-2/20172018/regular-season/r41647/ |access-date=30 May 2018 |website=Soccerway |language=en}}</ref> Gounet ya fara wasa a ƙungiyar kuma ya fara wasa ne kawai a kakar wasa ta 2018-19 tare da fara wasa a wasan Coupe de la Ligue da Troyes suka sha kashi a hannun 2-1 a ranar 14 ga Agusta 2018. <ref name="soccerway" /> Ya sanar da yin ritayarsa a watan Disamba 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |title=A N T O I N E G O U N E T on Instagram: "Pour répondre à certains de vos messages depuis la rentrée, j'ai mis un terme à ma carrière pro cette saison. Le foot a fait parti de ma…" |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/B5kf7jNKl7x/ |url-access=registration |url-status=live |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/instagram/antoinegounet/2190015750501719793 |archive-date=26 December 2021 |access-date=10 May 2020 |website=Instagram |language=fr}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] 80yoqogzii0dxoypsxxp6h6g5njfnaf 2 149224 830060 2026-05-05T09:51:53Z Engineer014 44591 Sabon shafi: Engineer 830060 wikitext text/x-wiki Engineer 0p6auulf23h4xptfm9fz2rjkhjbnr8j 0 149225 830063 2026-05-05T09:57:58Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1325475216|Coen Gortemaker]]" 830063 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Coen Christian Gortemaker''' (an haife shi a ranar 29 ga Janairu 1994) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Holland wanda ya taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|ɗan baya na hagu]] . Ya buga wa FC Twente, Heracles Almelo, Achilles '29, da kuma HHC Hardenberg wasa. == Sana'a == An haifi Gortemaker a Enschede . Ya fara buga wasa a FC Twente a ranar 12 ga Yuli 2012 a gasar Europa League . == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * Coen Gortemaker at WorldFootball.net * [http://www.vi.nl/Spelers/Speler.htm?dbid=71880&typeofpage=84137 Profile at the Voetbal International] {{In lang|nl}} * {{Soccerway|coen-gortemaker/249919}} [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1994]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] k9ki16q046x0fo33bgjp4v2v7v97c46 830064 830063 2026-05-05T09:58:15Z Sardeeq 39275 830064 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Coen Christian Gortemaker''' (an haife shi a ranar 29 ga Janairu 1994) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Holland wanda ya taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|ɗan baya na hagu]] . Ya buga wa FC Twente, Heracles Almelo, Achilles '29, da kuma HHC Hardenberg wasa. == Sana'a == An haifi Gortemaker a Enschede . Ya fara buga wasa a FC Twente a ranar 12 ga Yuli 2012 a gasar Europa League . == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * Coen Gortemaker at WorldFootball.net * [http://www.vi.nl/Spelers/Speler.htm?dbid=71880&typeofpage=84137 Profile at the Voetbal International] {{In lang|nl}} * {{Soccerway|coen-gortemaker/249919}} [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1994]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 7a1452bx2r3a7ncuybeefljrv5jlmcw 0 149226 830067 2026-05-05T10:10:42Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1164519871|Nick Hengelman]]" 830067 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nick Hengelman''' (an haife shi a ranar 15 ga Nuwamba 1989) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] ɗan ƙasar Holland wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai tsaran raga|mai tsaron gida]] . == Sana'a == An haifi Hengelman a Glanerbrug . Ya fito daga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta FC Twente / Heracles Almelo . Ya taɓa bugawa AGOVV Apeldoorn wasa. Lokacin da aka ayyana ƙungiyar a matsayin wadda ta durƙushe a watan Janairun 2013, ya koma Vitesse don kula da [[Lafiyar jiki|lafiyarsa]] . <ref name="Achilles '29">{{Cite web |title=Hengelman traint bij Jong Vitesse (Dutch) |url=http://www.omroepgelderland.nl/web/Sport/Betaald-voetbal/1993188/Hengelman-traint-bij-Jong-Vitesse.htm#.UgbjXdK-3To |access-date=11 August 2013 |publisher=Omroep Gelderland}}</ref> Lokacin da ƙungiyar ba ta ba shi sabuwar kwangila ba a lokacin bazara na 2013, Hengelman ya sami sabuwar ƙungiya a Achilles '29 . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hengelman naar Achilles '29 (Dutch) |url=http://www.telegraaf.nl/telesport/voetbal/nationaal/21751097/__Hengelman_naar_Achilles_29__.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130825103242/http://www.telegraaf.nl/telesport/voetbal/nationaal/21751097/__Hengelman_naar_Achilles_29__.html |archive-date=25 August 2013 |access-date=11 August 2013 |publisher=De Telegraaf}}</ref> Ya fara buga wa ƙungiyar wasa a wasan farko a ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙwararru don Achilles a ranar 3 ga Agusta 2013. Wasan da aka yi a Emmen ya ƙare a 2-2. A ranar 5 ga Agusta 2014, Hengelman ya sanya hannu da FC Oss . A ranar 2 ga Agusta 2019, Hengelman ya rattaba hannu da kulob din Ajax Cape Town na Afirka ta Kudu. [1] Bayan kammala matsayi na 4 a gasar National First Division a kakar wasa da ta gabata, Ajax Amsterdam ta rabu da 'yar uwarta. Daga nan aka ba Hengelman kwangilar shekara guda a matsayin mai tsaron gida na biyar a karkashin Erik ten Hag a Amsterdam yayin da yake horo da Jong Ajax ƙungiyar da ke da reserves ta Ajax wadda ba ta cancanci buga wasa ba saboda shekarunsa. [2] [3] A watan Oktoba 2021, Hengelman ya koma ƙungiyar Bulgarian First League Pirin Blagoevgrad . [4] A ranar 31 ga Janairu 2022 aka sanar da cewa Hengelman ya rattaba hannu da ƙungiyar Go Ahead Eagles ta ƙasar Holland daga Deventer, inda ya koma Netherlands don sauran kakar wasa ta 2021-22. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 October 2021 |title=NICK HENGELMAN: ‘ZEVENMAAL IS SCHEEPSRECHT’ |url=https://www.ga-eagles.nl/nick-hengelman-zevenmaal-scheepsrecht/ |access-date=31 January 2022 |publisher=Go Ahead Eagles |language=Dutch}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1989]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] lahyewbia9cwxe0ljuowoa01vcr0p52 830068 830067 2026-05-05T10:11:00Z Sardeeq 39275 830068 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Nick Hengelman''' (an haife shi a ranar 15 ga Nuwamba 1989) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] ɗan ƙasar Holland wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai tsaran raga|mai tsaron gida]] . == Sana'a == An haifi Hengelman a Glanerbrug . Ya fito daga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta FC Twente / Heracles Almelo . Ya taɓa bugawa AGOVV Apeldoorn wasa. Lokacin da aka ayyana ƙungiyar a matsayin wadda ta durƙushe a watan Janairun 2013, ya koma Vitesse don kula da [[Lafiyar jiki|lafiyarsa]] . <ref name="Achilles '29">{{Cite web |title=Hengelman traint bij Jong Vitesse (Dutch) |url=http://www.omroepgelderland.nl/web/Sport/Betaald-voetbal/1993188/Hengelman-traint-bij-Jong-Vitesse.htm#.UgbjXdK-3To |access-date=11 August 2013 |publisher=Omroep Gelderland}}</ref> Lokacin da ƙungiyar ba ta ba shi sabuwar kwangila ba a lokacin bazara na 2013, Hengelman ya sami sabuwar ƙungiya a Achilles '29 . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hengelman naar Achilles '29 (Dutch) |url=http://www.telegraaf.nl/telesport/voetbal/nationaal/21751097/__Hengelman_naar_Achilles_29__.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130825103242/http://www.telegraaf.nl/telesport/voetbal/nationaal/21751097/__Hengelman_naar_Achilles_29__.html |archive-date=25 August 2013 |access-date=11 August 2013 |publisher=De Telegraaf}}</ref> Ya fara buga wa ƙungiyar wasa a wasan farko a ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙwararru don Achilles a ranar 3 ga Agusta 2013. Wasan da aka yi a Emmen ya ƙare a 2-2. A ranar 5 ga Agusta 2014, Hengelman ya sanya hannu da FC Oss . A ranar 2 ga Agusta 2019, Hengelman ya rattaba hannu da kulob din Ajax Cape Town na Afirka ta Kudu. [1] Bayan kammala matsayi na 4 a gasar National First Division a kakar wasa da ta gabata, Ajax Amsterdam ta rabu da 'yar uwarta. Daga nan aka ba Hengelman kwangilar shekara guda a matsayin mai tsaron gida na biyar a karkashin Erik ten Hag a Amsterdam yayin da yake horo da Jong Ajax ƙungiyar da ke da reserves ta Ajax wadda ba ta cancanci buga wasa ba saboda shekarunsa. [2] [3] A watan Oktoba 2021, Hengelman ya koma ƙungiyar Bulgarian First League Pirin Blagoevgrad . [4] A ranar 31 ga Janairu 2022 aka sanar da cewa Hengelman ya rattaba hannu da ƙungiyar Go Ahead Eagles ta ƙasar Holland daga Deventer, inda ya koma Netherlands don sauran kakar wasa ta 2021-22. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 October 2021 |title=NICK HENGELMAN: ‘ZEVENMAAL IS SCHEEPSRECHT’ |url=https://www.ga-eagles.nl/nick-hengelman-zevenmaal-scheepsrecht/ |access-date=31 January 2022 |publisher=Go Ahead Eagles |language=Dutch}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1989]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] c3wf1aymaw6wnq58ik13chzz03xwd64 0 149227 830069 2026-05-05T10:11:33Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1324909199|Tim Konings]]" 830069 wikitext text/x-wiki Tim Konings (an haife shi a ranar 17 ga Oktoba, 1985 a Eindhoven ) ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan baya na hagu a Eerste Division don Achilles '29 . [1] Ya taɓa buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙungiyar farko a SV Deurne da VV De Bataven. Konings samfurin matasa ne na PSV Eindhoven . == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1985]] 2xnxn7j2a599i4xvz0ycjb2y8lgj6mk 830070 830069 2026-05-05T10:11:52Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1324909199|Tim Konings]]" 830070 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tim Konings''' (an haife shi a ranar 17 ga Oktoba, 1985 a Eindhoven ) ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan baya na hagu a Eerste Division don Achilles '29 . [1] Ya taɓa buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙungiyar farko a SV Deurne da VV De Bataven. Konings samfurin matasa ne na PSV Eindhoven . == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1985]] enzbz7xmeaso0mmnmc1bvtnybm3i51j 830071 830070 2026-05-05T10:12:32Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1324909199|Tim Konings]]" 830071 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tim Konings''' (an haife shi a ranar 17 ga Oktoba, 1985 a Eindhoven ) ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan baya na hagu a Eerste Division don Achilles '29 . [1] Ya taɓa buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙungiyar farko a SV Deurne da VV De Bataven. Konings samfurin matasa ne na PSV Eindhoven.<ref>Tim Konings". worldfootball.net. Retrieved 13 January 2014.</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1985]] ryno5f7aylvwdc5618pdyosf6beqt7x 830072 830071 2026-05-05T10:12:46Z Sardeeq 39275 830072 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tim Konings''' (an haife shi a ranar 17 ga Oktoba, 1985 a Eindhoven ) ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan baya na hagu a Eerste Division don Achilles '29 . [1] Ya taɓa buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙungiyar farko a SV Deurne da VV De Bataven. Konings samfurin matasa ne na PSV Eindhoven.<ref>Tim Konings". worldfootball.net. Retrieved 13 January 2014.</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1985]] 585kns21ztelxxtw2qspetb3qlgnw9j 0 149228 830073 2026-05-05T10:13:51Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1326966960|Lion Kaak]]" 830073 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lion Kaak''' (an haife shi a ranar 26 ga Yuni 1991) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan]] ƙasar Holland wanda ke taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] a ƙungiyar Vierde Divisie MASV . == Aikin kulob == Kaak ya buga wasa a matsayin matashi a Pax Hengelo sannan ya koma ƙungiyar De Graafschap ta Eredivisie a shekara ta 2001. <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 March 2011 |title=Eigen volk komt een keer eerst op de Vijverberg |url=https://www.volkskrant.nl/nieuws-achtergrond/eigen-volk-komt-een-keer-eerst-op-de-vijverberg~bcc801c2/ |access-date=3 September 2020 |publisher=[[de Volkskrant]] |language=Dutch}}</ref> Ya ci gaba ta tsarin matasa har sai da aka ɗaukaka shi zuwa ƙungiyar farko a shekara ta 2009. Shekaru biyu bayan haka, Kaak ya fara buga wasa a ƙungiyar, a ranar 13 ga Maris 2011 a wasan gida da ADO Den Haag, inda ya maye gurbin Gregor Breinburg . <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 March 2011 |title=Debutant Kaak: "Dit is echt top" |url=http://www.soccernews.nl/news/116907/debutant-kaak-dit-is-echt-top |access-date=3 September 2020 |website=www.soccernews.nl |language=Dutch}}</ref> A watan Yunin 2012, Kaak ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu da AGOVV . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Dusseldorp |first=Wout |date=18 June 2012 |title=Lion Kaak gaat naar AGOVV |url=https://www.gelderlander.nl/de-graafschap/lion-kaak-gaat-naar-agovv~a96f7252/ |access-date=3 September 2020 |publisher=De Gelderlander |language=Dutch}}</ref> Bayan watanni shida, a watan Janairun 2013, kulob din ya fadi warwas kuma ya koma Go Ahead Eagles kyauta har zuwa karshen kakar wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 January 2013 |title=AGOVV failliet verklaard |url=https://www.ad.nl/nederlands-voetbal/agovv-failliet-verklaard~a0369590/ |access-date=3 September 2020 |publisher=[[Algemeen Dagblad]] |language=Dutch}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 February 2013 |title=Clubloze Kaak maakt seizoen af bij Go Ahead |url=https://www.fcupdate.nl/voetbalnieuws/228675/clubloze-kaak-maakt-seizoen-af-bij-go-ahead/ |access-date=3 September 2020 |website=www.fcupdate.nl |language=Dutch}}</ref> A lokacin bazara na 2013, ya yi atisaye tare da tsohuwar kungiyarsa, De Graafschap. A watan Yulin 2013, Kaak ya sanya hannu da kungiyar Valencia CF Mestalla ta Spain, kungiyar da ke karkashin kulawar [[Valencia CF|Valencia CF.]] <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2013 |title=Lion Kaak tekent contract bij Valencia |url=https://www.rtvoost.nl/nieuws/168089/Lion-Kaak-tekent-contract-bij-Valencia |access-date=3 September 2020 |publisher=RTV Oost |language=Dutch}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Torres |first=David |date=26 June 2019 |title=Todos los holandeses de la historia del Valencia CF |url=https://eldesmarque.com/valencia/valencia-cf/198142-jasper-cillesen-y-todos-los-holandeses-de-la-historia-del-valencia-cf |access-date=3 September 2020 |publisher=El Desmarque |language=Spanish}}</ref> Ya kuma yi atisaye sau da dama tare da kungiyar farko ta Valencia kuma a ranar wasan karshe na kakar wasa ta 2013-14, ya zauna a benci. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Arastell |first=J.M. |date=16 May 2014 |title=Lion Kaak es la sorpresa para el partido ante el Celta |url=https://www.superdeporte.es/valencia/2014/05/16/lion-kaak-sorpresa-partido-celta/225434.html |access-date=3 September 2020 |publisher=[[Super Deporte]] |language=Spanish}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Valencia vs. Celta Vigo - 17 May 2014 |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2014/05/17/spain/primera-division/valencia-club-de-futbol/real-club-celta-de-vigo/1518026/ |access-date=3 September 2020 |website=int.soccerway.com |publisher=Perform Group}}</ref> Duk da haka, bai buga wasa ba. A shekarar 2014, ya koma Netherlands, inda ya fara bugawa kungiyar Eerste Divisie ta Achilles '29 wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Loef |first=Marco |date=3 August 2014 |title=Achilles'29 legt Lion Kaak vast |url=https://www.omroepgelderland.nl/nieuws/2065594/Achilles-29-legt-Lion-Kaak-vast |access-date=3 September 2020 |publisher=Omroep Gelderland |language=Dutch}}</ref> A wasan farko na gasar a ranar 9 ga watan Agusta da Jong PSV (rashin nasara a waje da 0-2), Kaak ya fara buga wasa a farkon jerin 'yan wasa, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Blokland |first=Bastiaan |date=9 August 2014 |title=Achilles verliest seizoensopening van Jong PSV |url=https://www.omroepgelderland.nl/nieuws/2066077/Achilles-verliest-seizoensopening-van-Jong-PSV |access-date=3 September 2020 |publisher=Omroep Gelderland |language=Dutch}}</ref> inda zai ci gaba da zama a cikin watanni masu zuwa. A ranar 1 ga Disamba, ya taimaka wa [[Mehmet Dingil]] daga bugun kusurwa da ya buga wa FC Volendam . <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 December 2014 |title=Hoofdrol Zivkovic, Sparta morst in Limburg |url=https://www.vi.nl/nieuws/hoofdrol-zivkovic-sparta-morst-in-limburg |access-date=3 September 2020 |publisher=[[Voetbal International]] |language=Dutch}}</ref> Saboda ya buga wa Achilles '29 wasa a matsayin mai son wasa, ya sami damar sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar canja wuri kyauta tare da kungiyarsa ta yara, De Graafschap, a watan Janairun 2015, kan kwantiragin shekara daya da rabi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 January 2015 |title=Lion Kaak terug naar De Graafschap |url=https://www.degraafschap.nl/nieuws/lion-kaak-terug-naar-de-graafschap/ |access-date=3 September 2020 |publisher=[[De Graafschap]] |language=Dutch}}</ref> A ranar 27 ga Janairun 2015, Kaak ya koma kulob din a hukumance a matsayin wanda ya maye gurbinsa na minti 83 a wasan da suka yi nasara a kan SC Telstar da ci 2-0. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Telstar vs. De Graafschap - 27 January 2015 |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2015/01/27/netherlands/eerste-divisie/stormvogels-telstar-combinatie/bv-de-graafschap/1691507/ |access-date=3 September 2020 |website=int.soccerway.com |publisher=Perform Group}}</ref> A lokacin bazara na 2017, Kaak ya koma FC Oss, wanda ya zama TOP Oss daga 1 ga Yuli 2018. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 June 2017 |title=Lion Kaak voor twee seizoenen naar FC Oss |url=https://www.regio8.nl/lion-kaak-voor-twee-seizoenen-naar-fc-oss/content/item?962661 |access-date=3 September 2020 |publisher=Regio8 |language=Dutch}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=FC Oss wordt weer TOP Oss! |url=http://www.fcoss.nl/nieuws/laatste-nieuws/1185-fc-oss-wordt-weer-top-oss |access-date=3 November 2017 |website=www.fcoss.nl |language=nl}}</ref> A shekarar 2019, ya sanya hannu kan tsawaita kwantiragi, wanda zai ci gaba da kasancewa a Oss har zuwa 2022. <ref name="top2">{{Cite web |last=Daniels |first=Daan |date=22 March 2019 |title=Lion Kaak drie jaar langer bij TOP Oss |url=https://www.bd.nl/top-oss/lion-kaak-drie-jaar-langer-bij-top-oss~a8423db5/ |access-date=3 September 2020 |publisher=Brabants Dagblad |language=Dutch}}</ref> A ranar 20 ga Yuni 2022, De Graafschap ya sanar da cewa Kaak zai koma kulob din a kakar wasa ta 2022-23, wanda hakan ya nuna karo na uku da ya yi a Doetinchem. <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 June 2022 |title=Middenvelder Lion Kaak keert terug bij De Graafschap |url=https://www.degraafschap.nl/nieuws/middenvelder-lion-kaak-keert-terug-bij-de-graafschap |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220622022742/https://www.degraafschap.nl/nieuws/middenvelder-lion-kaak-keert-terug-bij-de-graafschap |archive-date=22 June 2022 |access-date=22 June 2022 |website=De Graafschap |language=nl}}</ref> A watan Mayun 2025, ya sanar da yin ritaya daga ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙwararru. Kaak ya zaɓi ci gaba da aikinsa a matakin ɗan wasa tare da MASV a ƙungiyar Vierde Divisie, bayan da ya karɓi aiki tare da tsohuwar ƙungiyarsa De Graafschap a matsayin shugaban ƙungiyar masu neman 'yan wasa matasa da kuma kocin 'yan ƙasa da shekara 15 a kakar wasa ta 2025-26. Saboda buƙatun wannan matsayi, shirin ƙaura zuwa Spakenburg - wanda ke fafatawa a matakin ƙwallon ƙafa ta 'yan wasa - bai cimma nasara ba. [1] [2] [3] == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == Kaak ya wakilci Netherlands a matakin 'yan ƙasa da shekara 16, inda ya samu damar fara buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan farko a wasan sada zumunci da Italiya a ranar 14 ga Maris 2007, kafin a maye gurbinsa da Cayfano Latupeirissa a minti na 58 bayan rashin nasara 2-1. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Italië O16 – Nederland O16 |url=https://www.onsoranje.nl/teams/185191/uitslagen/wedstrijd/6274 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210123213517/https://www.onsoranje.nl/teams/185191/uitslagen/wedstrijd/6274 |archive-date=23 January 2021 |access-date=5 March 2023 |website=OnsOranje}}</ref> == Salon wasan == Kaak yana da ƙafar dama. <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 April 2017 |title=Lion Kaak on Instagram |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/BTBED2rDmRH/ |website=instagram.com |quote=Samen alles geven voor de club!#mooiste club van NL!!!}}</ref> Yawanci yana wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya mai tsaron baya]] . A lokacin da yake tare da TOP Oss, an siffanta shi a matsayin mutum mai ƙarfi a filin wasa wanda ke "kare ƙa'idodi, dabi'u da tunanin ƙungiyar". <ref name="top2">{{Cite web |last=Daniels |first=Daan |date=22 March 2019 |title=Lion Kaak drie jaar langer bij TOP Oss |url=https://www.bd.nl/top-oss/lion-kaak-drie-jaar-langer-bij-top-oss~a8423db5/ |access-date=3 September 2020 |publisher=Brabants Dagblad |language=Dutch}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFDaniels2019">Daniels, Daan (22 March 2019). [https://www.bd.nl/top-oss/lion-kaak-drie-jaar-langer-bij-top-oss~a8423db5/ "Lion Kaak drie jaar langer bij TOP Oss"] (in Dutch). Brabants Dagblad<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Dutch-language sources (nl)]]</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1991]] evg4tb9nehnfokog4jwunmbazzcqqj9 830074 830073 2026-05-05T10:14:09Z Sardeeq 39275 830074 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Lion Kaak''' (an haife shi a ranar 26 ga Yuni 1991) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan]] ƙasar Holland wanda ke taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] a ƙungiyar Vierde Divisie MASV . == Aikin kulob == Kaak ya buga wasa a matsayin matashi a Pax Hengelo sannan ya koma ƙungiyar De Graafschap ta Eredivisie a shekara ta 2001. <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 March 2011 |title=Eigen volk komt een keer eerst op de Vijverberg |url=https://www.volkskrant.nl/nieuws-achtergrond/eigen-volk-komt-een-keer-eerst-op-de-vijverberg~bcc801c2/ |access-date=3 September 2020 |publisher=[[de Volkskrant]] |language=Dutch}}</ref> Ya ci gaba ta tsarin matasa har sai da aka ɗaukaka shi zuwa ƙungiyar farko a shekara ta 2009. Shekaru biyu bayan haka, Kaak ya fara buga wasa a ƙungiyar, a ranar 13 ga Maris 2011 a wasan gida da ADO Den Haag, inda ya maye gurbin Gregor Breinburg . <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 March 2011 |title=Debutant Kaak: "Dit is echt top" |url=http://www.soccernews.nl/news/116907/debutant-kaak-dit-is-echt-top |access-date=3 September 2020 |website=www.soccernews.nl |language=Dutch}}</ref> A watan Yunin 2012, Kaak ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu da AGOVV . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Dusseldorp |first=Wout |date=18 June 2012 |title=Lion Kaak gaat naar AGOVV |url=https://www.gelderlander.nl/de-graafschap/lion-kaak-gaat-naar-agovv~a96f7252/ |access-date=3 September 2020 |publisher=De Gelderlander |language=Dutch}}</ref> Bayan watanni shida, a watan Janairun 2013, kulob din ya fadi warwas kuma ya koma Go Ahead Eagles kyauta har zuwa karshen kakar wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 January 2013 |title=AGOVV failliet verklaard |url=https://www.ad.nl/nederlands-voetbal/agovv-failliet-verklaard~a0369590/ |access-date=3 September 2020 |publisher=[[Algemeen Dagblad]] |language=Dutch}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 February 2013 |title=Clubloze Kaak maakt seizoen af bij Go Ahead |url=https://www.fcupdate.nl/voetbalnieuws/228675/clubloze-kaak-maakt-seizoen-af-bij-go-ahead/ |access-date=3 September 2020 |website=www.fcupdate.nl |language=Dutch}}</ref> A lokacin bazara na 2013, ya yi atisaye tare da tsohuwar kungiyarsa, De Graafschap. A watan Yulin 2013, Kaak ya sanya hannu da kungiyar Valencia CF Mestalla ta Spain, kungiyar da ke karkashin kulawar [[Valencia CF|Valencia CF.]] <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2013 |title=Lion Kaak tekent contract bij Valencia |url=https://www.rtvoost.nl/nieuws/168089/Lion-Kaak-tekent-contract-bij-Valencia |access-date=3 September 2020 |publisher=RTV Oost |language=Dutch}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Torres |first=David |date=26 June 2019 |title=Todos los holandeses de la historia del Valencia CF |url=https://eldesmarque.com/valencia/valencia-cf/198142-jasper-cillesen-y-todos-los-holandeses-de-la-historia-del-valencia-cf |access-date=3 September 2020 |publisher=El Desmarque |language=Spanish}}</ref> Ya kuma yi atisaye sau da dama tare da kungiyar farko ta Valencia kuma a ranar wasan karshe na kakar wasa ta 2013-14, ya zauna a benci. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Arastell |first=J.M. |date=16 May 2014 |title=Lion Kaak es la sorpresa para el partido ante el Celta |url=https://www.superdeporte.es/valencia/2014/05/16/lion-kaak-sorpresa-partido-celta/225434.html |access-date=3 September 2020 |publisher=[[Super Deporte]] |language=Spanish}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Valencia vs. Celta Vigo - 17 May 2014 |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2014/05/17/spain/primera-division/valencia-club-de-futbol/real-club-celta-de-vigo/1518026/ |access-date=3 September 2020 |website=int.soccerway.com |publisher=Perform Group}}</ref> Duk da haka, bai buga wasa ba. A shekarar 2014, ya koma Netherlands, inda ya fara bugawa kungiyar Eerste Divisie ta Achilles '29 wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Loef |first=Marco |date=3 August 2014 |title=Achilles'29 legt Lion Kaak vast |url=https://www.omroepgelderland.nl/nieuws/2065594/Achilles-29-legt-Lion-Kaak-vast |access-date=3 September 2020 |publisher=Omroep Gelderland |language=Dutch}}</ref> A wasan farko na gasar a ranar 9 ga watan Agusta da Jong PSV (rashin nasara a waje da 0-2), Kaak ya fara buga wasa a farkon jerin 'yan wasa, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Blokland |first=Bastiaan |date=9 August 2014 |title=Achilles verliest seizoensopening van Jong PSV |url=https://www.omroepgelderland.nl/nieuws/2066077/Achilles-verliest-seizoensopening-van-Jong-PSV |access-date=3 September 2020 |publisher=Omroep Gelderland |language=Dutch}}</ref> inda zai ci gaba da zama a cikin watanni masu zuwa. A ranar 1 ga Disamba, ya taimaka wa [[Mehmet Dingil]] daga bugun kusurwa da ya buga wa FC Volendam . <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 December 2014 |title=Hoofdrol Zivkovic, Sparta morst in Limburg |url=https://www.vi.nl/nieuws/hoofdrol-zivkovic-sparta-morst-in-limburg |access-date=3 September 2020 |publisher=[[Voetbal International]] |language=Dutch}}</ref> Saboda ya buga wa Achilles '29 wasa a matsayin mai son wasa, ya sami damar sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar canja wuri kyauta tare da kungiyarsa ta yara, De Graafschap, a watan Janairun 2015, kan kwantiragin shekara daya da rabi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 January 2015 |title=Lion Kaak terug naar De Graafschap |url=https://www.degraafschap.nl/nieuws/lion-kaak-terug-naar-de-graafschap/ |access-date=3 September 2020 |publisher=[[De Graafschap]] |language=Dutch}}</ref> A ranar 27 ga Janairun 2015, Kaak ya koma kulob din a hukumance a matsayin wanda ya maye gurbinsa na minti 83 a wasan da suka yi nasara a kan SC Telstar da ci 2-0. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Telstar vs. De Graafschap - 27 January 2015 |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2015/01/27/netherlands/eerste-divisie/stormvogels-telstar-combinatie/bv-de-graafschap/1691507/ |access-date=3 September 2020 |website=int.soccerway.com |publisher=Perform Group}}</ref> A lokacin bazara na 2017, Kaak ya koma FC Oss, wanda ya zama TOP Oss daga 1 ga Yuli 2018. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 June 2017 |title=Lion Kaak voor twee seizoenen naar FC Oss |url=https://www.regio8.nl/lion-kaak-voor-twee-seizoenen-naar-fc-oss/content/item?962661 |access-date=3 September 2020 |publisher=Regio8 |language=Dutch}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=FC Oss wordt weer TOP Oss! |url=http://www.fcoss.nl/nieuws/laatste-nieuws/1185-fc-oss-wordt-weer-top-oss |access-date=3 November 2017 |website=www.fcoss.nl |language=nl}}</ref> A shekarar 2019, ya sanya hannu kan tsawaita kwantiragi, wanda zai ci gaba da kasancewa a Oss har zuwa 2022. <ref name="top2">{{Cite web |last=Daniels |first=Daan |date=22 March 2019 |title=Lion Kaak drie jaar langer bij TOP Oss |url=https://www.bd.nl/top-oss/lion-kaak-drie-jaar-langer-bij-top-oss~a8423db5/ |access-date=3 September 2020 |publisher=Brabants Dagblad |language=Dutch}}</ref> A ranar 20 ga Yuni 2022, De Graafschap ya sanar da cewa Kaak zai koma kulob din a kakar wasa ta 2022-23, wanda hakan ya nuna karo na uku da ya yi a Doetinchem. <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 June 2022 |title=Middenvelder Lion Kaak keert terug bij De Graafschap |url=https://www.degraafschap.nl/nieuws/middenvelder-lion-kaak-keert-terug-bij-de-graafschap |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220622022742/https://www.degraafschap.nl/nieuws/middenvelder-lion-kaak-keert-terug-bij-de-graafschap |archive-date=22 June 2022 |access-date=22 June 2022 |website=De Graafschap |language=nl}}</ref> A watan Mayun 2025, ya sanar da yin ritaya daga ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙwararru. Kaak ya zaɓi ci gaba da aikinsa a matakin ɗan wasa tare da MASV a ƙungiyar Vierde Divisie, bayan da ya karɓi aiki tare da tsohuwar ƙungiyarsa De Graafschap a matsayin shugaban ƙungiyar masu neman 'yan wasa matasa da kuma kocin 'yan ƙasa da shekara 15 a kakar wasa ta 2025-26. Saboda buƙatun wannan matsayi, shirin ƙaura zuwa Spakenburg - wanda ke fafatawa a matakin ƙwallon ƙafa ta 'yan wasa - bai cimma nasara ba. [1] [2] [3] == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == Kaak ya wakilci Netherlands a matakin 'yan ƙasa da shekara 16, inda ya samu damar fara buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan farko a wasan sada zumunci da Italiya a ranar 14 ga Maris 2007, kafin a maye gurbinsa da Cayfano Latupeirissa a minti na 58 bayan rashin nasara 2-1. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Italië O16 – Nederland O16 |url=https://www.onsoranje.nl/teams/185191/uitslagen/wedstrijd/6274 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210123213517/https://www.onsoranje.nl/teams/185191/uitslagen/wedstrijd/6274 |archive-date=23 January 2021 |access-date=5 March 2023 |website=OnsOranje}}</ref> == Salon wasan == Kaak yana da ƙafar dama. <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 April 2017 |title=Lion Kaak on Instagram |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/BTBED2rDmRH/ |website=instagram.com |quote=Samen alles geven voor de club!#mooiste club van NL!!!}}</ref> Yawanci yana wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya mai tsaron baya]] . A lokacin da yake tare da TOP Oss, an siffanta shi a matsayin mutum mai ƙarfi a filin wasa wanda ke "kare ƙa'idodi, dabi'u da tunanin ƙungiyar". <ref name="top2">{{Cite web |last=Daniels |first=Daan |date=22 March 2019 |title=Lion Kaak drie jaar langer bij TOP Oss |url=https://www.bd.nl/top-oss/lion-kaak-drie-jaar-langer-bij-top-oss~a8423db5/ |access-date=3 September 2020 |publisher=Brabants Dagblad |language=Dutch}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFDaniels2019">Daniels, Daan (22 March 2019). [https://www.bd.nl/top-oss/lion-kaak-drie-jaar-langer-bij-top-oss~a8423db5/ "Lion Kaak drie jaar langer bij TOP Oss"] (in Dutch). Brabants Dagblad<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Dutch-language sources (nl)]]</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1991]] f5lhb2gu1iqg45radle74247nf0020y 0 149229 830075 2026-05-05T10:14:45Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1318866918|Marijn de Kler]]" 830075 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marijn de Kler''' (an haife shi 18 Afrilu 1994 a Netherlands ) ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Holland. [1] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1994]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] tggy5o4delmwk41v2qikbinb8udhqld 830076 830075 2026-05-05T10:15:28Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1318866918|Marijn de Kler]]" 830076 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marijn de Kler''' (an haife shi 18 Afrilu 1994 a Netherlands ) ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Holland. [1]<ref> Profvoetballer Marijn de Kler is veranderd in meester Marijn vice.com</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1994]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] lzx4lpwdk5yywnvv5l5tjzzjpxi8eyw 830078 830076 2026-05-05T10:15:50Z Sardeeq 39275 830078 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Marijn de Kler''' (an haife shi 18 Afrilu 1994 a Netherlands ) ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Holland. [1]<ref> Profvoetballer Marijn de Kler is veranderd in meester Marijn vice.com</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1994]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 0xpnq3gwcpv81ygb50gaoz4j8tj1d1f 0 149230 830079 2026-05-05T10:16:33Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1312049701|Levan Jordania]]" 830079 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Levan Jordania''' ( Georgian ; an haife shi a ranar 1 ga Janairu 1997) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] ɗan ƙasar Georgia wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] . == Sana'a == Bayan ya shafe lokaci a makarantun Vitesse da Achilles '29, Jordania ya fara buga wasa a matsayin kwararren dan wasa a watan Satumba na 2018 ga Eindhoven, inda ya maye gurbinsa a wasan da suka doke Jong Ajax da ci 3-0. [1] A watan Fabrairu na 2021, ya koma kungiyar Austria Wien . [2] == Rayuwa ta sirri == Jordania ɗan ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne mai ritaya kuma tsohon mai gidan Vitesse Merab Jordania . <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 May 2016 |title=Merab Jordania ziet zoon Levan debuteren voor Achilles'29 |url=https://www.omroepgelderland.nl/nieuws/2109980/Merab-Jordania-ziet-zoon-Levan-debuteren-voor-Achilles-29 |access-date=13 May 2021 |website=omroepgelderland.nl |language=Dutch}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1997]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] naa7xa33ie6hsx6f8mfhd7dxbaxqo2l 830081 830079 2026-05-05T10:16:52Z Sardeeq 39275 830081 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Levan Jordania''' ( Georgian ; an haife shi a ranar 1 ga Janairu 1997) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] ɗan ƙasar Georgia wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] . == Sana'a == Bayan ya shafe lokaci a makarantun Vitesse da Achilles '29, Jordania ya fara buga wasa a matsayin kwararren dan wasa a watan Satumba na 2018 ga Eindhoven, inda ya maye gurbinsa a wasan da suka doke Jong Ajax da ci 3-0. [1] A watan Fabrairu na 2021, ya koma kungiyar Austria Wien . [2] == Rayuwa ta sirri == Jordania ɗan ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne mai ritaya kuma tsohon mai gidan Vitesse Merab Jordania . <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 May 2016 |title=Merab Jordania ziet zoon Levan debuteren voor Achilles'29 |url=https://www.omroepgelderland.nl/nieuws/2109980/Merab-Jordania-ziet-zoon-Levan-debuteren-voor-Achilles-29 |access-date=13 May 2021 |website=omroepgelderland.nl |language=Dutch}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1997]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] svnfrlauwi4z0u6jvkf6nq5ng9eovi0 0 149231 830082 2026-05-05T10:18:01Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1328456706|Aleksandar Janković (footballer, born 1995)]]" 830082 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Aleksandar Janković''' ( Serbian Cyrillic ; an haife shi a ranar 16 ga Satumba 1995) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan]] ƙasar Holland wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] a Staphorst . == Sana'a == === Farkon aikina === An haifi Janković a Rotterdam, a matsayin ɗan mahaifin Serbia kuma mahaifiyar Holland ta fito daga Cape Verde . [1] Ya fara a SC Feyenoord . Yana ɗan shekara 7 ya koma Sparta Rotterdam, amma bayan shekara guda ya koma makarantar matasa ta Feyenoord. Ya yi shekaru 10 zuwa 16 a Serbia, yana bugawa ƙungiyar mahaifinsa OFK Jankec Čačak, daga baya kuma ya buga wa FK Guča, Borac Čačak, da Sloga Kraljevo . Bayan ya koma Netherlands, ya buga wa ƙungiyoyin matasa na Groningen da ADO Den Haag . === Radnički Kragujevac === Janković ya koma Radnički Kragujevac a lokacin bazara na 2014. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 August 2014 |script-title=sr:Крагујевчани представили новајлије: Атракција – Србин са Зеленортских острва |url=http://www.zurnal.rs/fudbal/jelen-super-liga/4428/kragujevcani-predstavili-novajlije-atrakcija-srbin-sa-zelenortskih-ostrva |access-date=26 November 2014 |website=[[Sportski žurnal]] |language=Serbian}}</ref> Ya fara buga wasa a ƙungiyar Neško Milovanović ta Jelen SuperLiga a ranar 22 ga Nuwamba 2014, a wasan gida da [[Red Star Belgrade]] wanda ya ƙare da rashin nasara 0-0 a ƙarƙashin koci. An maye gurbinsa da Dragan Milovanović a minti na 90 na wasan. <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 November 2014 |title=13.Kolo: Radnički 1923 - Crvena zvezda |url=http://www.superliga.rs/index.php/izvestaji-2014-15/1651-13-kolo-radnicki-1923-crvena-zvezda#.VHWmANKG_rk |access-date=26 November 2014 |website=Jelen SuperLiga official website |language=Serbian}}</ref> == Ƙididdigar aiki == {{Updated|26 November 2014}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Bayyanar da kwallaye a raga ta kulob, kakar wasa da kuma gasa ! rowspan="2" | Kulob ! rowspan="2" | Kakar wasa ! colspan="3" | Gasar League ! colspan="2" | Kofi ! colspan="2" | [[UEFA|Turai]] ! colspan="2" | Jimilla |- ! Sashe ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye |- | Jong ADO Den Haag | 2013–14 | Beloften Eredivisie | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | colspan="2" | – | 2 | 1 |- | Radnički 1923 | 2014–15 | SuperLiga | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |- ! colspan="3" | Jimillar aiki ! 3 ! 1 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 3 ! 1 |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1995]] 0rj5i45ujr1wds16slwcxkkeakavmon 830083 830082 2026-05-05T10:18:21Z Sardeeq 39275 830083 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Aleksandar Janković''' ( Serbian Cyrillic ; an haife shi a ranar 16 ga Satumba 1995) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan]] ƙasar Holland wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] a Staphorst . == Sana'a == === Farkon aikina === An haifi Janković a Rotterdam, a matsayin ɗan mahaifin Serbia kuma mahaifiyar Holland ta fito daga Cape Verde . [1] Ya fara a SC Feyenoord . Yana ɗan shekara 7 ya koma Sparta Rotterdam, amma bayan shekara guda ya koma makarantar matasa ta Feyenoord. Ya yi shekaru 10 zuwa 16 a Serbia, yana bugawa ƙungiyar mahaifinsa OFK Jankec Čačak, daga baya kuma ya buga wa FK Guča, Borac Čačak, da Sloga Kraljevo . Bayan ya koma Netherlands, ya buga wa ƙungiyoyin matasa na Groningen da ADO Den Haag . === Radnički Kragujevac === Janković ya koma Radnički Kragujevac a lokacin bazara na 2014. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 August 2014 |script-title=sr:Крагујевчани представили новајлије: Атракција – Србин са Зеленортских острва |url=http://www.zurnal.rs/fudbal/jelen-super-liga/4428/kragujevcani-predstavili-novajlije-atrakcija-srbin-sa-zelenortskih-ostrva |access-date=26 November 2014 |website=[[Sportski žurnal]] |language=Serbian}}</ref> Ya fara buga wasa a ƙungiyar Neško Milovanović ta Jelen SuperLiga a ranar 22 ga Nuwamba 2014, a wasan gida da [[Red Star Belgrade]] wanda ya ƙare da rashin nasara 0-0 a ƙarƙashin koci. An maye gurbinsa da Dragan Milovanović a minti na 90 na wasan. <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 November 2014 |title=13.Kolo: Radnički 1923 - Crvena zvezda |url=http://www.superliga.rs/index.php/izvestaji-2014-15/1651-13-kolo-radnicki-1923-crvena-zvezda#.VHWmANKG_rk |access-date=26 November 2014 |website=Jelen SuperLiga official website |language=Serbian}}</ref> == Ƙididdigar aiki == {{Updated|26 November 2014}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Bayyanar da kwallaye a raga ta kulob, kakar wasa da kuma gasa ! rowspan="2" | Kulob ! rowspan="2" | Kakar wasa ! colspan="3" | Gasar League ! colspan="2" | Kofi ! colspan="2" | [[UEFA|Turai]] ! colspan="2" | Jimilla |- ! Sashe ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye |- | Jong ADO Den Haag | 2013–14 | Beloften Eredivisie | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | colspan="2" | – | 2 | 1 |- | Radnički 1923 | 2014–15 | SuperLiga | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |- ! colspan="3" | Jimillar aiki ! 3 ! 1 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 3 ! 1 |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1995]] k8r7uk6kfhkioc8uekrt6wur6omf43i 0 149232 830085 2026-05-05T10:23:35Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1333152097|Doriano Kortstam]]" 830085 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Doriano Marvin Kortstam''' (an haife shi a ranar 7 ga Yuli 1994) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne ɗan ƙasar Holland-Curaçao wanda ke da ' yancin zama ɗan wasa . == Aikin kulob == Ya fara buga wasa a Eerste Division don Achilles '29 a ranar 6 ga Fabrairu 2017 a wasan da suka yi da Eindhoven . [1] == Daraja == '''Curaçao''' <ref name="honours">{{Cite web |title=Doriano Kortstam – Career Honours |url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/doriano-marvin-kortstam/376799/ |publisher=Soccerway}}</ref> * Kofin Caribbean : 2017 == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1994]] ae70hpr0jnoxkzqkwhiftvvjrgkb3l5 830086 830085 2026-05-05T10:24:01Z Sardeeq 39275 830086 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Doriano Marvin Kortstam''' (an haife shi a ranar 7 ga Yuli 1994) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne ɗan ƙasar Holland-Curaçao wanda ke da ' yancin zama ɗan wasa . == Aikin kulob == Ya fara buga wasa a Eerste Division don Achilles '29 a ranar 6 ga Fabrairu 2017 a wasan da suka yi da Eindhoven . [1] == Daraja == '''Curaçao''' <ref name="honours">{{Cite web |title=Doriano Kortstam – Career Honours |url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/doriano-marvin-kortstam/376799/ |publisher=Soccerway}}</ref> * Kofin Caribbean : 2017 == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1994]] 6k06b2jh7zr5wqvbwv2b40oxd79bzp7 0 149233 830087 2026-05-05T10:24:57Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1333152133|Gianluca Maria]]" 830087 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gianluca Gianenni Maradona Maria''' [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] na ƙasar [[Curacao]] . <ref>{{NFT player|pid=57403}}</ref> a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|winger]] . == Sana'a == Maria ta fara aikinsa da PSV Eindhoven . A kakar wasa ta 2012-13, ya buga wasa aro a FC Eindhoven a gasar Eerste Divisie ta kasar Holland . Ya sanya hannu da MVV Maastricht a watan Yulin 2013. [1] A ranar 6 ga Janairun 2015, an sanar da cewa Maria ta sanya hannu da RKC Waalwijk, bayan da aka wargaza kwangilarsa da MVV Maastricht a ranar 1 ga Janairun 2015. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1992]] 6yiqy1pqa41v9bo6xenlts1jf4stwp7 830088 830087 2026-05-05T10:25:26Z Sardeeq 39275 830088 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Gianluca Gianenni Maradona Maria''' [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] na ƙasar [[Curacao]] . <ref>{{NFT player|pid=57403}}</ref> a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|winger]] . == Sana'a == Maria ta fara aikinsa da PSV Eindhoven . A kakar wasa ta 2012-13, ya buga wasa aro a FC Eindhoven a gasar Eerste Divisie ta kasar Holland . Ya sanya hannu da MVV Maastricht a watan Yulin 2013. [1] A ranar 6 ga Janairun 2015, an sanar da cewa Maria ta sanya hannu da RKC Waalwijk, bayan da aka wargaza kwangilarsa da MVV Maastricht a ranar 1 ga Janairun 2015. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1992]] fe9sjbfb3madvtfkwafkidf7fbdn2a6 0 149234 830089 2026-05-05T10:26:05Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1350851960|Stefan Maletić]]" 830089 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Stefan Maletić''' (an haife shi a ranar 9 ga Afrilu 1987) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] ɗan ƙasar Holland-Serbia wanda ya taɓa buga wasa a matsayin ɗan [[Mai buga baya|wasan baya na tsakiya]] . Yana aiki a matsayin mataimakin manaja a ƙungiyar NEC ta Eredivisie . Ya bar ƙungiyar 'yan wasan tsakiya ta JVC Cuijk a ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2016-17. [1] Bayan kammala aikinsa a ƙungiyar Jamus ta SV Veert, ya fara koyarwa, yana aiki a makarantun De Graafschap da PSV kafin ya koma NEC a shekarar 2020 a matsayin mataimakin manaja Rogier Meijer. [2] == Rayuwa ta sirri == Asalin iyalinsa sun fito ne daga Zenica a [[Bosnia da Herzegovina]] . Shi ne babban ɗan'uwan Marko Maletić, wanda shi ma ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2016)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1987]] a5pc8id3xbbpdlkfb21dd549qeyh3xq 830090 830089 2026-05-05T10:26:50Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1350851960|Stefan Maletić]]" 830090 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Stefan Maletić''' (an haife shi a ranar 9 ga Afrilu 1987) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] ɗan ƙasar Holland-Serbia wanda ya taɓa buga wasa a matsayin ɗan [[Mai buga baya|wasan baya na tsakiya]] . Yana aiki a matsayin mataimakin manaja a ƙungiyar NEC ta Eredivisie.<ref>"Frenk Schaap en Stefan Maletic gaan JVC Cuijk verlaten". De Maas Driehoek (in Dutch). 6 March 2017. Retrieved 22 November 2024.</ref> Ya bar ƙungiyar 'yan wasan tsakiya ta JVC Cuijk a ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2016-17. [1] Bayan kammala aikinsa a ƙungiyar Jamus ta SV Veert, ya fara koyarwa, yana aiki a makarantun De Graafschap da PSV kafin ya koma NEC a shekarar 2020 a matsayin mataimakin manaja Rogier Meijer. [2] == Rayuwa ta sirri == Asalin iyalinsa sun fito ne daga Zenica a [[Bosnia da Herzegovina]] . Shi ne babban ɗan'uwan Marko Maletić, wanda shi ma ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2016)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1987]] fy7r617ux8aaortrj7fwy673z318hpp 830091 830090 2026-05-05T10:27:08Z Sardeeq 39275 830091 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Stefan Maletić''' (an haife shi a ranar 9 ga Afrilu 1987) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] ɗan ƙasar Holland-Serbia wanda ya taɓa buga wasa a matsayin ɗan [[Mai buga baya|wasan baya na tsakiya]] . Yana aiki a matsayin mataimakin manaja a ƙungiyar NEC ta Eredivisie.<ref>"Frenk Schaap en Stefan Maletic gaan JVC Cuijk verlaten". De Maas Driehoek (in Dutch). 6 March 2017. Retrieved 22 November 2024.</ref> Ya bar ƙungiyar 'yan wasan tsakiya ta JVC Cuijk a ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2016-17. [1] Bayan kammala aikinsa a ƙungiyar Jamus ta SV Veert, ya fara koyarwa, yana aiki a makarantun De Graafschap da PSV kafin ya koma NEC a shekarar 2020 a matsayin mataimakin manaja Rogier Meijer. [2] == Rayuwa ta sirri == Asalin iyalinsa sun fito ne daga Zenica a [[Bosnia da Herzegovina]] . Shi ne babban ɗan'uwan Marko Maletić, wanda shi ma ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2016)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1987]] izzy262ijc1clsi4bpapzw8zgfvbytb 830092 830091 2026-05-05T10:28:13Z Sardeeq 39275 830092 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Stefan Maletić''' (an haife shi a ranar 9 ga Afrilu 1987) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] ɗan ƙasar Holland-Serbia wanda ya taɓa buga wasa a matsayin ɗan [[Mai buga baya|wasan baya na tsakiya]] . Yana aiki a matsayin mataimakin manaja a ƙungiyar NEC ta Eredivisie.<ref>"Frenk Schaap en Stefan Maletic gaan JVC Cuijk verlaten". De Maas Driehoek (in Dutch). 6 March 2017. Retrieved 22 November 2024.</ref> Ya bar ƙungiyar 'yan wasan tsakiya ta JVC Cuijk a ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2016-17. [1] Bayan kammala aikinsa a ƙungiyar Jamus ta SV Veert, ya fara koyarwa, yana aiki a makarantun De Graafschap da PSV kafin ya koma NEC a shekarar 2020 a matsayin mataimakin manaja Rogier Meijer. [2] == Rayuwa ta sirri == Asalin iyalinsa sun fito ne daga Zenica a [[Bosnia da Herzegovina]] . Shi ne babban ɗan'uwan Marko Maletić, wanda shi ma ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;&#x5D;</sup> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1987]] l0yurgtozge60fm6zbikzb3mj37f9te 0 149235 830093 2026-05-05T10:29:09Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1333042061|Robbert te Loeke]]" 830093 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Robbert te Loeke''' (an haife shi a ranar 1 ga Disamba 1988) tsohon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] ɗan ƙasar Holland wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai tsaran raga|mai tsaron gida]] . A cikin aikinsa, ya buga wa Achilles '29, Werder Bremen II, SC Cambuur, SC Veendam, FC Dordrecht, sannan kuma a ƙarshe ya buga wa Plymouth Argyle . == Sana'a == Te Loeke ya fara aikinsa a SML da FC Utrecht, kafin a fara canja sheka zuwa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Jamus SV Werder Bremen II . Te Loeke ya shiga cikin rikicin canja sheka wanda ya rikide zuwa ƙara tsakaninsa da Utrecht da Bremen, inda ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Holland ta nemi €350,000 a matsayin kuɗin diyya, kuma Bremen ba ta son biyan kuɗin. A ƙarshe, te Loeke ya sami kansa a matsayin mai tsaron gida na tsawon lokaci da ƙungiyar Eerste Divisie ta SC Cambuur ta yi. A kakar wasa ta 2010-11 a Cambuur, te Loeke ya buga wasa da ƙungiyarsa ta gaba Plymouth Argyle a wasan sada zumunci na kafin kakar wasa, inda suka tashi kunnen doki 3-3 da ƙungiyar EFL League One ta wancan lokacin. <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 June 2017 |title=Take a Good Loeke |url=https://www.pafc.co.uk/news/2017/june/take-a-good-loeke/ |access-date=2 August 2018 |publisher=Plymouth Argyle |language=English}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2012-13, Loeke ya bar Cambuur ya koma SC Veendam . Veendam ya ci gaba da shigar da ƙarar fatara kuma a watan Afrilun 2013, ƙungiyar ta faɗi, bayan da aka share tarihinta, kuma Loeke, bayan raunin da ya samu a kakar wasa ta ƙarshe sakamakon ciwon Hernia, ya sami kansa ba shi da aikin yi. A lokacin bazara na 2013, ya shiga gwaji tare da ƙungiyar VVCS wadda ba ta da kwangila, ƙungiyar Cyprus Ermis Aradippou da ƙungiyar Scottish Premiership Ross County, amma wani motsi bai yi nasara ba, kuma a ranar 22 ga Agusta 2013, te Loeke ya rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar FC Dordrecht a matsayin mai tsaron gida. [1] [2] [3] A duk tsawon kakar wasa ta 2016-17, te Loeke ya buga wasa a matsayin mai tsaron gida na farko a ƙungiyar Achilles '29 da ke Groesbeek . An fitar da Achilles da maki 19 kacal daga wasanni 38, kuma te Loeke ya bar ƙungiyar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 July 2016 |title=NO LA GALAXY, BUT ACHILLES'29 FOR GOALKEEPER TE LOEKE |url=https://www.foxsports.nl/nieuws/artikel/1266851/geen-galaxy-maar-achilles-voor-doelman-loeke |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180802132011/https://www.foxsports.nl/nieuws/artikel/1266851/geen-galaxy-maar-achilles-voor-doelman-loeke |archive-date=2 August 2018 |access-date=2 August 2018 |publisher=Fox Sports NL |language=Dutch}}</ref> A ranar 27 ga Yunin 2017, te Loeke ya rattaba hannu a kulob din Plymouth Argyle na EFL League One . Ya buga wasanni biyu kacal a duk kakar wasa, rashin nasarar da ya samu a gasar cin kofin Ingila da ci 5-0 a hannun Bristol City da kuma canjaras da Chelsea a gasar cin kofin EFL da ci 2-2. Plymouth ta sallame shi a karshen kakar wasa ta 2017-18. <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 May 2018 |title=Gary Sawyer: Plymouth Argyle offer new deal to captain as nine are released |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/44054754 |access-date=9 May 2018 |publisher=BBC Sport |language=English}}</ref> daga baya te Loeke ya daina aikinsa na kwararru, yana mai cewa raunin da ya samu ya sanya mafarkinsa na komawa Ingila ya zama labari mai ban tsoro. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 May 2016 |title=Goalkeeper Te Loeke: fairytale in Plymouth becomes horrorstory |url=https://www.gelderlander.nl/voetbal-arnhem/doelman-te-loeke-sprookje-in-plymouth-wordt-horrorstory~a5e9b3ec/ |access-date=2 August 2018 |publisher=Fox Sports NL |language=Dutch}}</ref> == Ƙididdigar aiki == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Bayyanar da kwallaye a raga ta kulob, kakar wasa da kuma gasa ! rowspan="2" | Kulob ! rowspan="2" | Kakar wasa ! colspan="3" | Gasar League ! colspan="2" | Kofin Ƙasa ! colspan="2" | Kofin League ! colspan="2" | Wani ! colspan="2" | Jimilla |- ! Sashe ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye |- | Cambuur | 2011–12 <ref name="sw">{{Soccerway|49792|accessdate=23 July 2017}}</ref> | Eerste Division | 17 | 0 | 1 | 0 | colspan="2" | – | colspan="2" | – | 18 | 0 |- | Veendam | 2012–13 <ref name="sw" /> | Eerste Division | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | colspan="2" | – | colspan="2" | – | 0 | 0 |- | rowspan="4" | Dordrecht | 2013–14 <ref name="sw" /> | Eerste Division | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | colspan="2" | – | colspan="2" | – | 4 | 0 |- | 2014–15 <ref name="sw" /> | Eredivisie | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | colspan="2" | – | colspan="2" | – | 3 | 0 |- | 2015–16 <ref name="sw" /> | Eerste Division | 34 | 0 | 0 | 0 | colspan="2" | – | colspan="2" | – | 34 | 0 |- ! colspan="2" | Jimilla ! 41 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 41 ! 0 |- | Achilles '29 | 2016–17 <ref name="sw" /> | Eerste Division | 38 | 0 | 1 | 0 | colspan="2" | – | colspan="2" | – | 39 | 0 |- | Plymouth Argyle | 2017–18 | League One | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 |- ! colspan="3" | Jimillar aiki ! 96 ! 0 ! 2 ! 0 ! 1 ! 0 ! 1 ! 0 ! 100 ! 0 |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] 7lv2zwgrrbm6d2gdfn7wxdeqy44undm 830094 830093 2026-05-05T10:29:29Z Sardeeq 39275 830094 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Robbert te Loeke''' (an haife shi a ranar 1 ga Disamba 1988) tsohon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] ɗan ƙasar Holland wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai tsaran raga|mai tsaron gida]] . A cikin aikinsa, ya buga wa Achilles '29, Werder Bremen II, SC Cambuur, SC Veendam, FC Dordrecht, sannan kuma a ƙarshe ya buga wa Plymouth Argyle . == Sana'a == Te Loeke ya fara aikinsa a SML da FC Utrecht, kafin a fara canja sheka zuwa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Jamus SV Werder Bremen II . Te Loeke ya shiga cikin rikicin canja sheka wanda ya rikide zuwa ƙara tsakaninsa da Utrecht da Bremen, inda ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Holland ta nemi €350,000 a matsayin kuɗin diyya, kuma Bremen ba ta son biyan kuɗin. A ƙarshe, te Loeke ya sami kansa a matsayin mai tsaron gida na tsawon lokaci da ƙungiyar Eerste Divisie ta SC Cambuur ta yi. A kakar wasa ta 2010-11 a Cambuur, te Loeke ya buga wasa da ƙungiyarsa ta gaba Plymouth Argyle a wasan sada zumunci na kafin kakar wasa, inda suka tashi kunnen doki 3-3 da ƙungiyar EFL League One ta wancan lokacin. <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 June 2017 |title=Take a Good Loeke |url=https://www.pafc.co.uk/news/2017/june/take-a-good-loeke/ |access-date=2 August 2018 |publisher=Plymouth Argyle |language=English}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2012-13, Loeke ya bar Cambuur ya koma SC Veendam . Veendam ya ci gaba da shigar da ƙarar fatara kuma a watan Afrilun 2013, ƙungiyar ta faɗi, bayan da aka share tarihinta, kuma Loeke, bayan raunin da ya samu a kakar wasa ta ƙarshe sakamakon ciwon Hernia, ya sami kansa ba shi da aikin yi. A lokacin bazara na 2013, ya shiga gwaji tare da ƙungiyar VVCS wadda ba ta da kwangila, ƙungiyar Cyprus Ermis Aradippou da ƙungiyar Scottish Premiership Ross County, amma wani motsi bai yi nasara ba, kuma a ranar 22 ga Agusta 2013, te Loeke ya rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar FC Dordrecht a matsayin mai tsaron gida. [1] [2] [3] A duk tsawon kakar wasa ta 2016-17, te Loeke ya buga wasa a matsayin mai tsaron gida na farko a ƙungiyar Achilles '29 da ke Groesbeek . An fitar da Achilles da maki 19 kacal daga wasanni 38, kuma te Loeke ya bar ƙungiyar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 July 2016 |title=NO LA GALAXY, BUT ACHILLES'29 FOR GOALKEEPER TE LOEKE |url=https://www.foxsports.nl/nieuws/artikel/1266851/geen-galaxy-maar-achilles-voor-doelman-loeke |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180802132011/https://www.foxsports.nl/nieuws/artikel/1266851/geen-galaxy-maar-achilles-voor-doelman-loeke |archive-date=2 August 2018 |access-date=2 August 2018 |publisher=Fox Sports NL |language=Dutch}}</ref> A ranar 27 ga Yunin 2017, te Loeke ya rattaba hannu a kulob din Plymouth Argyle na EFL League One . Ya buga wasanni biyu kacal a duk kakar wasa, rashin nasarar da ya samu a gasar cin kofin Ingila da ci 5-0 a hannun Bristol City da kuma canjaras da Chelsea a gasar cin kofin EFL da ci 2-2. Plymouth ta sallame shi a karshen kakar wasa ta 2017-18. <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 May 2018 |title=Gary Sawyer: Plymouth Argyle offer new deal to captain as nine are released |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/44054754 |access-date=9 May 2018 |publisher=BBC Sport |language=English}}</ref> daga baya te Loeke ya daina aikinsa na kwararru, yana mai cewa raunin da ya samu ya sanya mafarkinsa na komawa Ingila ya zama labari mai ban tsoro. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 May 2016 |title=Goalkeeper Te Loeke: fairytale in Plymouth becomes horrorstory |url=https://www.gelderlander.nl/voetbal-arnhem/doelman-te-loeke-sprookje-in-plymouth-wordt-horrorstory~a5e9b3ec/ |access-date=2 August 2018 |publisher=Fox Sports NL |language=Dutch}}</ref> == Ƙididdigar aiki == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Bayyanar da kwallaye a raga ta kulob, kakar wasa da kuma gasa ! rowspan="2" | Kulob ! rowspan="2" | Kakar wasa ! colspan="3" | Gasar League ! colspan="2" | Kofin Ƙasa ! colspan="2" | Kofin League ! colspan="2" | Wani ! colspan="2" | Jimilla |- ! Sashe ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye |- | Cambuur | 2011–12 <ref name="sw">{{Soccerway|49792|accessdate=23 July 2017}}</ref> | Eerste Division | 17 | 0 | 1 | 0 | colspan="2" | – | colspan="2" | – | 18 | 0 |- | Veendam | 2012–13 <ref name="sw" /> | Eerste Division | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | colspan="2" | – | colspan="2" | – | 0 | 0 |- | rowspan="4" | Dordrecht | 2013–14 <ref name="sw" /> | Eerste Division | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | colspan="2" | – | colspan="2" | – | 4 | 0 |- | 2014–15 <ref name="sw" /> | Eredivisie | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | colspan="2" | – | colspan="2" | – | 3 | 0 |- | 2015–16 <ref name="sw" /> | Eerste Division | 34 | 0 | 0 | 0 | colspan="2" | – | colspan="2" | – | 34 | 0 |- ! colspan="2" | Jimilla ! 41 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 41 ! 0 |- | Achilles '29 | 2016–17 <ref name="sw" /> | Eerste Division | 38 | 0 | 1 | 0 | colspan="2" | – | colspan="2" | – | 39 | 0 |- | Plymouth Argyle | 2017–18 | League One | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 |- ! colspan="3" | Jimillar aiki ! 96 ! 0 ! 2 ! 0 ! 1 ! 0 ! 1 ! 0 ! 100 ! 0 |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] mkom2u5b9fs4uow2tx3rfuch8a2xdk6 0 149236 830095 2026-05-05T10:30:30Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1313675058|Ryan Lambert]]" 830095 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ryan Edward Kit Seng Lee Lambert''' (an haife shi a ranar 21 ga Satumba, 1998) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] ɗan ƙasar Malaysia wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] a ƙungiyar Super League ta Malaysia Kuala Lumpur City, a matsayin aro daga Johor Darul Ta'zim . An haifi Lambert a [[Kuala Lumpur]], amma daga baya ya koma Thailand da Ostiraliya tun yana ƙarami. Ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta matasa tare da Richmond kafin ya fara aikinsa na babban matsayi a ƙungiyar. Bayan ya shafe ɗan lokaci tare da ƙungiyar matasa ta Melbourne Victory, Lambert ya koma Netherlands a shekarar 2017, inda ya buga wa Achilles '29 da FC Den Bosch wasa. == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Lambert a [[Kuala Lumpur]] ga mahaifinsa ɗan Ingila kuma mahaifiyarsa 'yar ƙasar Malaysia 'yar China . Daga nan iyalan suka ƙaura zuwa Thailand, inda suka zauna na tsawon watanni shida kafin su sake ƙaura zuwa [[Melbourne]], Ostiraliya. Lambert yana da ɗan'uwa tagwaye, Declan, wanda shi ma ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne. Su biyun sun yi wasa tare a Clifton Hill, Richmond, Achilles '29 da FC Den Bosch . == Aikin kulob == Bayan ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta matasa a FC Clifton Hill da Richmond, Lambert ya fara buga wasa a matakin farko a Richmond yana ɗan shekara 15 kacal. A shekarar 2016, ya buga wasa na kakar wasa ɗaya a ƙungiyar matasa ta Melbourne Victory kafin ya tafi bayan ya ji mummunan rauni. A shekarar 2018, tagwayen Lambert sun koma Turai, kuma sun gwada tare da ƙungiyoyi ciki har da Sparta Rotterdam da FC Dordrecht . Daga ƙarshe ma'auratan sun sanya hannu a ƙungiyar Achilles '29 ta ƙasar Holland ta Tweede Divisie . Duk da haka, sun bar ƙungiyar bayan ta sha kashi a ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2017-18 ta Tweede Divisie . Daga nan sai tagwayen suka koma ƙungiyar Eerste Divisie FC Den Bosch a shekarar 2018. Da farko damarsu ta shiga ƙungiyar farko ta ragu saboda zuwan wasu 'yan wasa daga ƙasashen waje jim kaɗan bayan sun saye su. [1] Duk da haka, Lambert ya fara wasa a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbinsa a wasan farko na Den Bosch na Eerste Divisie na 2019–20, kuma kafin kakar wasa ta 2020–21, 'yan'uwan biyu sun yi wasa akai-akai a ƙungiyar. [2] A ranar 5 ga Oktoba 2020, Lambert ya kamu da cutar COVID-19 . [2] A watan Maris na 2021, an gaya masa cewa ba za a tsawaita kwangilarsa da ƙungiyar ba. [3] A ranar 28 ga Afrilu 2021, an sanar da cewa Lambert ya rattaba hannu da Kuala Lumpur City . Yana cikin ƙungiyar da ta lashe Kofin Malaysia na 2021. <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 December 2021 |title=TEN THINGS YOU MIGHT HAVE MISSED FROM KUALA LUMPUR CITY'S NIGHT OF GLORY |url=https://kualalumpurfootball.com/2021/12/04/ten-things-you-might-have-missed-from-kuala-lumpur-citys-night-of-glory/ |access-date=5 June 2022 |website=kualulumpurfootball.cm}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1998]] nrmmjtn3y0y0b3cznn07966bp1dc6pu 830096 830095 2026-05-05T10:30:51Z Sardeeq 39275 830096 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ryan Edward Kit Seng Lee Lambert''' (an haife shi a ranar 21 ga Satumba, 1998) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] ɗan ƙasar Malaysia wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] a ƙungiyar Super League ta Malaysia Kuala Lumpur City, a matsayin aro daga Johor Darul Ta'zim . An haifi Lambert a [[Kuala Lumpur]], amma daga baya ya koma Thailand da Ostiraliya tun yana ƙarami. Ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta matasa tare da Richmond kafin ya fara aikinsa na babban matsayi a ƙungiyar. Bayan ya shafe ɗan lokaci tare da ƙungiyar matasa ta Melbourne Victory, Lambert ya koma Netherlands a shekarar 2017, inda ya buga wa Achilles '29 da FC Den Bosch wasa. == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Lambert a [[Kuala Lumpur]] ga mahaifinsa ɗan Ingila kuma mahaifiyarsa 'yar ƙasar Malaysia 'yar China . Daga nan iyalan suka ƙaura zuwa Thailand, inda suka zauna na tsawon watanni shida kafin su sake ƙaura zuwa [[Melbourne]], Ostiraliya. Lambert yana da ɗan'uwa tagwaye, Declan, wanda shi ma ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne. Su biyun sun yi wasa tare a Clifton Hill, Richmond, Achilles '29 da FC Den Bosch . == Aikin kulob == Bayan ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta matasa a FC Clifton Hill da Richmond, Lambert ya fara buga wasa a matakin farko a Richmond yana ɗan shekara 15 kacal. A shekarar 2016, ya buga wasa na kakar wasa ɗaya a ƙungiyar matasa ta Melbourne Victory kafin ya tafi bayan ya ji mummunan rauni. A shekarar 2018, tagwayen Lambert sun koma Turai, kuma sun gwada tare da ƙungiyoyi ciki har da Sparta Rotterdam da FC Dordrecht . Daga ƙarshe ma'auratan sun sanya hannu a ƙungiyar Achilles '29 ta ƙasar Holland ta Tweede Divisie . Duk da haka, sun bar ƙungiyar bayan ta sha kashi a ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2017-18 ta Tweede Divisie . Daga nan sai tagwayen suka koma ƙungiyar Eerste Divisie FC Den Bosch a shekarar 2018. Da farko damarsu ta shiga ƙungiyar farko ta ragu saboda zuwan wasu 'yan wasa daga ƙasashen waje jim kaɗan bayan sun saye su. [1] Duk da haka, Lambert ya fara wasa a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbinsa a wasan farko na Den Bosch na Eerste Divisie na 2019–20, kuma kafin kakar wasa ta 2020–21, 'yan'uwan biyu sun yi wasa akai-akai a ƙungiyar. [2] A ranar 5 ga Oktoba 2020, Lambert ya kamu da cutar COVID-19 . [2] A watan Maris na 2021, an gaya masa cewa ba za a tsawaita kwangilarsa da ƙungiyar ba. [3] A ranar 28 ga Afrilu 2021, an sanar da cewa Lambert ya rattaba hannu da Kuala Lumpur City . Yana cikin ƙungiyar da ta lashe Kofin Malaysia na 2021. <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 December 2021 |title=TEN THINGS YOU MIGHT HAVE MISSED FROM KUALA LUMPUR CITY'S NIGHT OF GLORY |url=https://kualalumpurfootball.com/2021/12/04/ten-things-you-might-have-missed-from-kuala-lumpur-citys-night-of-glory/ |access-date=5 June 2022 |website=kualulumpurfootball.cm}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1998]] bygdw94vu5u8j5ekrkaamd75bcuxne3 0 149237 830097 2026-05-05T10:31:52Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1313674818|Declan Lambert]]" 830097 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Declan Stephen Lambert Lee Kit Meng''' (an haife shi a ranar 21 ga Satumba, 1998) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Malaysia wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|ɗan wasan baya]] na ƙungiyar Super League ta Malaysia Kuala Lumpur City a matsayin aro daga Johor Darul Ta'zim da kuma ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Malaysia . <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 July 2025 |title=Pre season line up |url=https://www.facebook.com/share/1AzZ1N7ym5/?mibextid=wwXIfr |website=Kuala Lumpur City}}</ref> An haifi Lambert a [[Kuala Lumpur]], amma daga baya ya koma Thailand da Ostiraliya tun yana ƙarami. Ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta matasa tare da Richmond kafin ya fara buga ƙwallonsa ta farko a ƙungiyar. A shekarar 2018, Lambert ya koma Netherlands, inda ya buga wa ƙungiyoyin Achilles '29 da FC Den Bosch wasa. A watan Fabrairun 2022, ya koma mahaifarsa ya kuma sanya hannu a Kuala Lumpur City. Ya kuma wakilci Malaysia a matakin ƙasa da ƙasa, bayan ya fara bugawa ƙungiyar ƙasa wasa a watan Satumba na 2022. == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Lambert a [[Kuala Lumpur]] ga uba ɗan Ingila kuma uwa 'yar Malaysia. Daga nan iyalin suka ƙaura zuwa Thailand, inda suka zauna na tsawon watanni shida kafin suka sake ƙaura zuwa [[Melbourne]], Ostiraliya. Yana da ɗan'uwa tagwaye, Ryan, wanda shi ma ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne. Su biyun sun yi wasa tare a Clifton Hill, Richmond, Achilles '29 da FC Den Bosch . == Aikin kulob == Bayan ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta matasa a FC Clifton Hill da Richmond, Lambert ya fara buga wasa a matakin farko a Richmond yana da shekaru 17. A shekarar 2018, tagwayen Lambert sun koma Turai, kuma sun gwada tare da ƙungiyoyi ciki har da Sparta Rotterdam da FC Dordrecht . Daga ƙarshe ma'auratan sun sanya hannu a ƙungiyar Achilles '29 ta ƙasar Holland ta Tweede Divisie . Duk da haka, sun bar ƙungiyar bayan ta sha kashi a ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2017-18 ta Tweede Divisie . Daga nan sai tagwayen suka koma ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Holland ta Eerste Divisie FC Den Bosch a shekarar 2018. Da farko damarsu ta shiga ƙungiyar farko ta ragu saboda zuwan wasu 'yan wasa daga ƙasashen waje jim kaɗan bayan sun saye su. [1] Duk da haka, Lambert ya fara buga wasa a gasar Eerste Divisie ta 2019–20 kuma a kakar wasa ta 2020–21, ya kasance ɗan wasa da ya fara bugawa ƙungiyar wasa akai-akai. [2] A ranar 22 ga Fabrairu 2022, Lambert ya rattaba hannu a ƙungiyar Super League ta Malaysia Kuala Lumpur City . <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 February 2022 |title=Kembar Ryan Lambert Sertai Pasukan Juara Piala Malaysia 2021 |url=https://sukanz.com/202215532/ |access-date=22 September 2022 |website=Sukanz}}</ref> == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == An kira Lambert zuwa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Malaysia a karon farko a watan Satumba na 2022. Ya fara buga wasa a ranar 22 ga Satumba a wasan sada zumunci da Thailand, inda ya zura ɗaya daga cikin kwallayen da Malaysia ta ci a bugun fenariti . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Thailand vs. Malaysia – 22 September 2022 |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2022/09/22/world/kings-cup/thailand/malaysia/3961728/ |access-date=22 September 2022 |website=soccerway.com}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1998]] f3tccmnp1pbmk7wtqc5vek6us8k6wvl 830098 830097 2026-05-05T10:32:07Z Sardeeq 39275 830098 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Declan Stephen Lambert Lee Kit Meng''' (an haife shi a ranar 21 ga Satumba, 1998) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Malaysia wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|ɗan wasan baya]] na ƙungiyar Super League ta Malaysia Kuala Lumpur City a matsayin aro daga Johor Darul Ta'zim da kuma ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Malaysia . <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 July 2025 |title=Pre season line up |url=https://www.facebook.com/share/1AzZ1N7ym5/?mibextid=wwXIfr |website=Kuala Lumpur City}}</ref> An haifi Lambert a [[Kuala Lumpur]], amma daga baya ya koma Thailand da Ostiraliya tun yana ƙarami. Ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta matasa tare da Richmond kafin ya fara buga ƙwallonsa ta farko a ƙungiyar. A shekarar 2018, Lambert ya koma Netherlands, inda ya buga wa ƙungiyoyin Achilles '29 da FC Den Bosch wasa. A watan Fabrairun 2022, ya koma mahaifarsa ya kuma sanya hannu a Kuala Lumpur City. Ya kuma wakilci Malaysia a matakin ƙasa da ƙasa, bayan ya fara bugawa ƙungiyar ƙasa wasa a watan Satumba na 2022. == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Lambert a [[Kuala Lumpur]] ga uba ɗan Ingila kuma uwa 'yar Malaysia. Daga nan iyalin suka ƙaura zuwa Thailand, inda suka zauna na tsawon watanni shida kafin suka sake ƙaura zuwa [[Melbourne]], Ostiraliya. Yana da ɗan'uwa tagwaye, Ryan, wanda shi ma ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne. Su biyun sun yi wasa tare a Clifton Hill, Richmond, Achilles '29 da FC Den Bosch . == Aikin kulob == Bayan ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta matasa a FC Clifton Hill da Richmond, Lambert ya fara buga wasa a matakin farko a Richmond yana da shekaru 17. A shekarar 2018, tagwayen Lambert sun koma Turai, kuma sun gwada tare da ƙungiyoyi ciki har da Sparta Rotterdam da FC Dordrecht . Daga ƙarshe ma'auratan sun sanya hannu a ƙungiyar Achilles '29 ta ƙasar Holland ta Tweede Divisie . Duk da haka, sun bar ƙungiyar bayan ta sha kashi a ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2017-18 ta Tweede Divisie . Daga nan sai tagwayen suka koma ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Holland ta Eerste Divisie FC Den Bosch a shekarar 2018. Da farko damarsu ta shiga ƙungiyar farko ta ragu saboda zuwan wasu 'yan wasa daga ƙasashen waje jim kaɗan bayan sun saye su. [1] Duk da haka, Lambert ya fara buga wasa a gasar Eerste Divisie ta 2019–20 kuma a kakar wasa ta 2020–21, ya kasance ɗan wasa da ya fara bugawa ƙungiyar wasa akai-akai. [2] A ranar 22 ga Fabrairu 2022, Lambert ya rattaba hannu a ƙungiyar Super League ta Malaysia Kuala Lumpur City . <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 February 2022 |title=Kembar Ryan Lambert Sertai Pasukan Juara Piala Malaysia 2021 |url=https://sukanz.com/202215532/ |access-date=22 September 2022 |website=Sukanz}}</ref> == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == An kira Lambert zuwa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Malaysia a karon farko a watan Satumba na 2022. Ya fara buga wasa a ranar 22 ga Satumba a wasan sada zumunci da Thailand, inda ya zura ɗaya daga cikin kwallayen da Malaysia ta ci a bugun fenariti . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Thailand vs. Malaysia – 22 September 2022 |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2022/09/22/world/kings-cup/thailand/malaysia/3961728/ |access-date=22 September 2022 |website=soccerway.com}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1998]] ax9fsnibxabo0km6y84pbnsgbh55l8c 0 149238 830100 2026-05-05T10:37:37Z Sanusi Gado 9920 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1352139070|Brenden Aaronson]]" 830100 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  '''Brenden Russell Aaronson''' (an haife shi a ranar 22 ga Oktoba, 2000) ƙwararren ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] ne na Amurka wanda ke buga tsakiya-ta-gaba ko kuma gaba-ta-gefe ge kungiyar Leeds United da kuma kungiyar kwallon kafa ta amurka == Rayuwa ta farko == Ya girma a Medford, New Jersey, Aaronson ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Shawnee na shekara guda kafin a zabe shi zuwa Kwalejin YSC ta Philadelphia Union, inda ya buga kwallon kafa kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare. A lokacin da yake a YSC Academy, Aaronson ya taka leda a kungiyoyin matasa na Union wasa kafin ya shiga Jami'ar Indiana kuma ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar mai son tare da Bethlehem Steel FC.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Matthew Ralph |date=November 20, 2017 |title=Brenden Aaronson verbally commits to Indiana University for 2019 |url=https://www.brotherlygame.com/2017/11/20/16671290/brenden-aaronson-philadelphia-union-indiana-university |access-date=January 1, 2020 |publisher=Brotherly Game}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Jonathan Tannenwald |date=August 21, 2018 |title=Medford's Brenden Aaronson is the Union's top prospect, and a genuine U.S. soccer playmaker |url=https://www.inquirer.com/philly/sports/soccer/brenden-aaronson-soccer-prospect-philadelphia-union-bethlehem-steel-20180821.html |access-date=January 1, 2020 |publisher=The Philadelphia Inquire}}</ref> == Wasannin kulob == === Bethlehem Steel === [[Fayil:Brenden_Aaronson.jpg|left|thumb|242x242px|Aaronson tare da Philadelphia Union a ranar 2 ga Maris, 2019.]] Aaronson ya bayyana a matsayin dan wasan makaranta da ke buga wa Bethlehem Steel FC a lokacin kakar 2017 bayan ya zo daga makarantar Philadelphia Union.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Philadelphia Union |url=http://phil.ussoccerda.com/sam/teams/index.php?team=1400696&player=28259855 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171113165303/http://phil.ussoccerda.com/sam/teams/index.php?team=1400696&player=28259855 |archive-date=November 13, 2017 |access-date=July 21, 2017 |website=phil.ussoccerda.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Brendan Aaronson |url=http://www.uslsoccer.com/brendan-aaronson |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170725004309/http://www.uslsoccer.com/brendan-aaronson |archive-date=July 25, 2017 |access-date=July 21, 2017}}</ref> A ranar 30 ga Satumba, 2017, Aaronson ya fara bugawa Steel FC wasa na farko a wasan da ya yi da Tampa Bay Rowdies.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Matthew Ralph |date=October 5, 2017 |title=South Jersey teens impress in first starts for Bethlehem Steel |url=https://www.brotherlygame.com/2017/10/5/16428392/south-jersey-teens-impress-in-first-starts-for-bethlehem-steel |access-date=January 1, 2020 |publisher=Brotherly Game}}</ref> Aaronson ya buga wasanni 21 ga Steel FC kuma ya zira kwallaye na farko ga kungiyar kwararrun na Atlanta United 2.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Matthew Ralph |date=July 30, 2018 |title=Three Steel players score first pro goals in 4-1 win over Atlanta United 2 |url=https://www.brotherlygame.com/2018/7/30/17629606/bethlehem-steel-players-score-first-pro-goals-in-4-1-win-over-atlanta-united-2 |access-date=January 1, 2020 |publisher=Brotherly Game}}</ref> === Ƙungiyar Philadelphia === A ranar 17 ga Satumba, 2018, an ba da sanarwar cewa Aaronson zai koma Ƙungiyar Philadelphia Union a farkon kakar 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=September 17, 2018 |title=Union Sign Midfielder Brenden Aaronson As Club's Sixth Current Homegrown Player &#124; Philadelphia Union |url=https://www.philadelphiaunion.com/post/2018/09/17/union-sign-midfielder-brenden-aaronson-club-s-sixth-current-homegrown-player |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180917215243/https://www.philadelphiaunion.com/post/2018/09/17/union-sign-midfielder-brenden-aaronson-club-s-sixth-current-homegrown-player |archive-date=September 17, 2018 |website=Philadelphia Union}}</ref> A ranar 17 ga watan Maris, 2019, dan wasan ya zira kwallaye na farko a wasan farko na MLS, inda ya taimaka wa Philadelphia ta yi kunnen doki da Atlanta United. Ana daukan shi a matsayin dan wasan ujila ga Union, raunuka da dakatarwar sun ba Aaronson damar farawa da fice a cikin tawagar farko a matsayin lamba 10 da kuma wasa a tsakiya zuwa hagu.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tansey |first=Joe |date=July 30, 2019 |title=Dream season continues for Philadelphia Union's Brenden Aaronson at Homegrown Game |url=https://www.prosoccerusa.com/mls/dream-season-continues-for-philadelphia-unions-brenden-aaronson-at-homegrown-game/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200101161955/https://www.prosoccerusa.com/mls/dream-season-continues-for-philadelphia-unions-brenden-aaronson-at-homegrown-game/ |archive-date=January 1, 2020 |access-date=January 1, 2020 |website=ProSoccerUSA}}</ref> A ƙarshen kakar wasa ta farko, Aaronson ya zo na biyu don lambar yabo ta yaron dan wasa na MLS na shekara ta 2019, da kwallaye uku da taimakon biyu a cikin minti 1,640 da ya buga. Aaronson shi ne dan wasa mafi ƙanƙanta daga cikin 'yan wasan da suka kai matakin karshe guda biyar.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ralph |first=Matthew |date=October 15, 2019 |title=Brenden Aaronson finishes second in Rookie of the Year award voting |url=https://www.brotherlygame.com/2019/10/15/20915621/brenden-aaronson-second-mls-rookie-of-the-year |website=Brotherly Game}}</ref> Shekarar 2020 ta zama shekara mai muhimmanci ga Aaronson wanda ya gama kakar wasa tare da wasanni 31 a duk faɗin gasa kuma ya zira kwallaye 4. Rawar da Aaronson ya taka a lokacin kakar ya ba shi kyaututtuka da yawa sun haɗa da kasancewa a cikin 2020 MLS Best XI don kakar wasa ta yau da kullun kuma kyautar ''MLS is Back Tournament'' . <ref name="2020MLSiBXI">{{Cite web |date=August 13, 2020 |title=MLS is Back Tournament Best XI presented by BODYARMOR |url=https://www.mlssoccer.com/mls-is-back-tournament/best-xi-presented-bodyarmor |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210217100922/https://www.mlssoccer.com/mls-is-back-tournament/best-xi-presented-bodyarmor |archive-date=February 17, 2021 |access-date=August 19, 2020 |website=MLSsoccer.com}}</ref><ref name="2020MLSXI">{{Cite web |date=November 20, 2020 |title=2020 MLS Best XI presented by Home Depot |url=https://www.mlssoccer.com/post/2019/11/20/2020-mls-best-xi |access-date=November 20, 2020 |website=MLSsoccer.com}}</ref> Kungiyar ta gama kakar wasa da mafi tarihin ta inda suka lashe kofinsu na farko, wato ''2020 Supporters' Shield''. === Red Bull Salzburg === [[Fayil:FC_RB_Salzburg_gegen_WSG_Tirol_(_mit_Meistertellerübergabe_22._Mai_2021)_15.jpg|left|thumb|242x242px|Aaronson tare da Red Bull Salzburg a cikin 2021.]] Bayan ci gaba da jita-jita, an sanar a ranar 16 ga Oktoba, 2020, cewa Aaronson zai koma Red Bull Salzburg daga watan Janairun 2021 bayan kakar MLS ta ƙare.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=FC Red Bull Salzburg - Welcome to Salzburg, Brenden Aaronson! |url=https://www.redbullsalzburg.at/en/fc-red-bull-salzburg/news/saison_2020_21/welcome-to-salzburg-brenden-aaronson.html |access-date=October 16, 2020 |website=redbulls |language=en}}</ref> Duk da yake ba a bayyana kuɗin sauya masa gurbi ba, Philadelphia ta ba da sanarwar cewa zai zama daga cikin siyayya mafi tsada ga dan wasan gida na Amurka a gasar MLS.<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 16, 2020 |title=Philadelphia Union Agree To Record-Breaking Transfer Of Homegrown Midfielder Brenden Aaronson to UEFA Champions League Club FC Red Bull Salzburg |url=https://www.philadelphiaunion.com/post/2020/10/16/philadelphia-union-agree-record-breaking-transfer-homegrown-midfielder-brenden |access-date=October 16, 2020 |website=Philadelphia Union}}</ref> Rahotanni na farko sun nuna cewa kuɗin ya kai dala miliyan 6 a gaba, tare da dala miliyan 3 a matsayin karin karfafawa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 16, 2020 |title=Aaronson joins FC Salzburg in record-breaking transfer |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/soccer-transfers/story/4209284/aaronson-joins-fc-salzburg-in-record-breaking-transfer-from-philadelphia-union |access-date=October 16, 2020 |website=ESPN}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=October 16, 2020 |title=Union sell Brenden Aaronson to Red Bull Salzburg for $6 million |url=https://www.inquirer.com/soccer/philadelphia-union-brenden-aaronson-transfer-fee-red-bull-salzburg-20201016.html |access-date=October 16, 2020 |website=Phila Inquirer}}</ref> Aaronson ya fara bugawa Salzburg wasa a ranar 25 ga watan Janairu, a matsayin mai canji a lokacin da suka yi nasara a kan Rheindorf Altach 2-0.<ref>{{Cite web |date=January 24, 2021 |title=Former Philadelphia Union teammates Brenden Aaronson, Mark McKenzie make European league debuts |url=https://www.mlssoccer.com/post/2021/01/24/former-philadelphia-union-teammates-brenden-aaronson-mark-mckenzie-make-european |access-date=January 25, 2021 |website=MLSsoccer.com}}</ref> [[Fayil:FC_RB_Salzburg_gegen_SK_Sturm_Graz_(24._Oktober_2021)_138.jpg|right|thumb|242x242px|Aaronson yayin wasan da Red Bull Salzburg a shekarar 2021.]] Aaronson ya zira kwallonsa na farko ga Salzburg a ranar 10 ga Fabrairu, 2021, inda ya zira kwallan da ya lashe wasan a lokacin da ya ci Austria Wien 3-1. <ref>{{Cite web |title=WATCH: Brenden Aaronson scores superb first Red Bull Salzburg goal &#124; MLSSoccer.com |url=https://www.mlssoccer.com/news/watch-brenden-aaronson-scores-superb-first-red-bull-salzburg-goal |website=mlssoccer}}</ref> A ranar 1 ga watan Mayu, ya lashe kyautar azurfa ta farko tare da Salzburg yayin da kulob din ya ci LASK a wasan karshe na gasar cin Kofin Austriya da 3-0.<ref name="ACW">{{Cite web |date=May 2, 2021 |title=U.S.'s Brenden Aaronson, Jesse Marsch lead Salzburg to Austrian Cup |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/fc-salzburg/story/4375188/uss-brenden-aaronsonjesse-marsch-lead-salzburg-to-austrian-cup |access-date=May 2, 2021 |website=ESPN}}</ref> Aaronson ya zira kwallo na biyu na wasan, kuma kwallonsa na biyar a duk gasa tun lokacin da ya tashi daga Philadelphia a watan Janairu.<ref name="ACW" /> === Leeds United === A ranar 26 ga Mayu, 2022, [[Leeds United F.C.|Leeds United]] ta sanar da sanya hannu don siyan Aaronson kan kwangila ta shekaru biyar, wanda ya fara a ranar 1 ga Yuli. <ref>{{Cite web |date=May 26, 2022 |title=Brenden Aaronson to join Leeds United |url=https://www.leedsunited.com/en/news/brenden-aaronson-to-join-leeds-united |access-date=May 26, 2022 |publisher=Leeds United F.C.}}</ref> Sky Sports ta ba da rahoton kuɗin siyayyar ya zama £ 24.7 miliyan.<ref>{{Cite web |date=May 26, 2022 |title=Leeds transfer news: Red Bull Salzburg midfielder Brenden Aaronson signs on a five-year deal |url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11715/12621990/leeds-transfer-news-red-bull-salzburg-midfielder-brenden-aaronson-signs-on-a-five-year-deal |access-date=May 26, 2022 |website=Sky Sports}}</ref> Ya fara buga wasan farko a Leeds a cikin 'yan wasa masu fara wasa goma sha ɗaya a farkon kakar a ranar 6 ga watan Agusta, tare da nasarar 2-1 a gida a kan Wolverhampton Wanderers . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Unwin |first=Will |date=August 6, 2022 |title=Brenden Aaronson inspires Leeds to comeback victory over Wolves |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2022/aug/06/leeds-wolves-premier-league-match-report |access-date=August 7, 2022 |website=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> A ranar 21 ga watan Agusta, Aaronson ya zira kwallonsa na farko a Premier League bayan ya tilasta kuskure daga mai tsaron gidan [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]] [[Édouard Mendy]] a cikin nasarar 3-0 a gida a kan abokan hamayya Chelsea, ya taimaka wa Leeds samun nasarar farko a kan Blues na tsawon shekaru 20.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Magowan |first=Alistair |date=August 21, 2022 |title=Leeds United 3–0 Chelsea: Hosts dominate at Elland Road to continue unbeaten start |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/62537747 |access-date=August 21, 2022 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> ==== Aro zuwa Union Berlin ==== A ranar 9 ga watan Yulin 2023, bayan da aka cire Leeds daga Premier League, Aaronson ya koma kungiyar Bundesliga Union Berlin a kan aro don kakar 2023-24.<ref>{{Cite web |date=July 9, 2023 |title=Brenden Aaronson joins Union Berlin on loan from Leeds United |url=https://www.bundesliga.com/en/bundesliga/news/brenden-aaronson-joins-union-berlin-on-loan-from-leeds-united-23950 |access-date=July 9, 2023 |website=bundesliga.com - the official Bundesliga website |language=en}}</ref> ==== Komawa Leeds ==== [[Fayil:Brenden_Aaronson_13092025_(4).jpg|left|thumb|242x242px|Aaronson ya sanya hannu bayan wasan da [[Leeds United F.C.|Leeds United]] ta yi da Fulham a ranar 13 ga Satumba 2025.]] Aaronson ya dawo Elland Road don kakar 2024-25, inda ya taka leda na musamman a wasansa biyar a watan Agusta, wanda ya zira kwallaye sau biyu a wasanni biyu, gami da kwallon da yaci na kunnen doki bayan karin lokacin tashi a wasan farko na gida na 3-3 a kan Portsmouth. <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 10, 2024 |title=Leeds 3–3 Portsmouth |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/live/cy7686y1k44t |access-date=September 14, 2024 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> Kwallaye biyu da ya ci tare da taimakonsa sun ba shi kyautar Dan Wasan JD Sports na Wata na watan Agusta 2024. <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 13, 2024 |title=Brenden Aaronson voted JD Sports Player of the Month for August |url=https://www.leedsunited.com/en/news/brenden-aaronson-voted-jd-sports-player-of-the-month-for-august |access-date=August 14, 2024 |website=leedsunited.com}}</ref> Aaronson ya gama kakar 2024-25 tare da kwallaye tara, ya kara da taimakon biyu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brenden Aaronson Stats, Goals, Records, Assists, Cups and more |url=https://fbref.com/en/players/5bc43860/Brenden-Aaronson |access-date=May 9, 2025 |website=FBref.com |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 21 ga Afrilu, 2025, an sake dawo da Aaronson zuwa Premier League tare da Leeds bayan nasarar 6-0 a kan Stoke City a Elland Road da Sheffield United ta 2-1 a Burnley a Turf Moor. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Leeds United 6-0 Stoke City: Whites earn thumping win as they go on to win promotion |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/live/c62glk7vn2gt |access-date=May 9, 2025 |website=BBC Sport |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Burnley 2-1 Sheffield United: Clarets promoted along with Leeds |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/live/cvg70ljnn2gt |access-date=May 9, 2025 |website=BBC Sport |language=en-GB}}</ref> A ranar 3 ga watan Mayu, Aaronson ya lashe gasar cin kofin EFL tare da Leeds bayan nasarar 2-1 ga tawagar Plymouth Argyle a Home Park . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Plymouth Argyle 1-2 Leeds United: Leeds win Championship title as Pilgrims are relegated |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/live/c14xy52vg71t |access-date=May 9, 2025 |website=BBC Sport |language=en-GB}}</ref> A ranar 7 ga watan Janairun 2026, Aaronson ya zira kwallaye na farko tare da Leeds United a rashin nasara da suka yi na 4-3 ga [[Newcastle United FC|Newcastle]] a St James' Park . == Wasan kasa da kasa == [[Fayil:Brenden_Aaronson_USMNT_v_Portugal_Mar_31_2026-245.jpg|thumb|Aaronson tare da Amurka a cikin 2026]] Bayan ya taka leda na musamman a matsayin sabon karamin dan wasa, Aaronson ya karbi kira na farko zuwa Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta maza ta Amurka a watan Oktoba 2019 don wasannin CONCACAF Nations League tare da Cuba da Kanada. Bai sami kwallo a kowane wasa ba.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brenden Aaronson &#124; USMNT &#124; U.S. Soccer Official Site |url=https://www.ussoccer.com/players/a/brenden-aaronson |website=ussoccer.com}}</ref> Aaronson ya sami kira na biyu zuwa babbar kungiyar don sansanin Janairu 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jonathan Tannenwald |date=December 30, 2019 |title=Union's Brenden Aaronson, Mark McKenzie on first USMNT roster of 2020 |url=https://www.inquirer.com/soccer/usmnt-january-camp-2020-roster-qatar-brenden-aaronson-mark-mckenzie-philadelphia-union-20191230.html |access-date=January 1, 2020 |website=The Philadelphia Inquirer}}</ref> Aaronson ya sami cikakken wasa a karo na farko a nasarar 1-0 a kan Costa Rica . Daga baya a wannan shekarar, Aaronson ya zira kwallo na farko na kasa da kasa a lokacin da ya ci El Salvador 6-0 a watan Disamba na shekarar 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 9, 2020 |title=Brenden Aaronson scores first USMNT goal in 6-0 rout of El Salvador |url=https://www.inquirer.com/soccer/usmnt-el-salvador-brenden-aaronson-chris-mueller-20201209.html |access-date=December 11, 2020 |website=The Philadelphia Inquirer}}</ref> An shigar da Aaronson a cikin tawagar mutum 26 na [[Kofin Duniya na FIFA 2022|Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta FIFA ta 2022]], ya buga duka wasanni rukuni guda uku.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Keh |first=Andrew |date=November 9, 2022 |title=U.S. Announces a World Cup Roster Shaped by a Wholesale Turnover |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/09/sports/soccer/us-world-cup-roster.html |access-date=November 29, 2022 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Fisher |first=Ben |date=November 21, 2022 |title=Gareth Bale's penalty rescues point for Wales in World Cup opener with USA |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2022/nov/21/gareth-bales-penalty-rescues-point-for-wales-in-world-cup-opener-with-usa |access-date=November 29, 2022 |website=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Hytner |first=David |date=November 25, 2022 |title=Edgy England on verge of World Cup last 16 after fortunate draw with USA |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2022/nov/25/england-usa-world-cup-group-b-match-report |access-date=November 29, 2022 |website=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ames |first=Nick |date=November 29, 2022 |title=Christian Pulisic strike guides USA past Iran to set up Netherlands meeting |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2022/nov/29/iran-usa-world-cup-group-b-match-report |access-date=November 29, 2022 |website=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> == Rayuwarsa == Yayansa [[Paxten Aaronson]] shi ma kwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne kuma yana buga wa kungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Major League Colorado Rapids. <ref>{{Cite web |date=May 17, 2022 |title=The amazing Aaronsons: Brenden, Paxten and their parents on being U.S. soccer's next big hopes |url=https://www.espn.co.uk/football/story/_/id/37628505/brenden-paxten-their-parents-being-us-soccer-next-big-hopes |access-date=October 16, 2025 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}</ref> Rawar da Aaronson ya taka a Philadelphia Union da Red Bull Salzburg sun ba shi laƙabi na "Medford Messi", wani nau'i wanda ke nufin wurin haihuwarsa kuma ana kwatanta shi da ɗan wasan Argentina [[Messi|Lionel Messi]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=August 4, 2021 |title=Brenden Aaronson, aka "The Medford Messi" Scores Game Winner Against Barcelona |url=https://www.crossingbroad.com/2021/08/brenden-aaronson-aka-the-medford-messi-scores-game-winner-against-barcelona.html |access-date=August 5, 2021 |website=Crossing Broad |language=en-US}}</ref> Shi mai sha'awar San Francisco 49ers ne, saboda mahaifinsa ya fito ne daga Sacramento. An saka masa rana da Milana D'Ambra a watan Agustan shekara ta 2024. == Kididdigar aiki == === Kungiyar === {{Updated|match played May 1, 2026}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+Bayyanawa da burin kulob din, kakar wasa da gasa ! rowspan="2" |Kungiyar ! rowspan="2" |Lokacin ! colspan="3" |Ƙungiyar ! colspan="2" |Kofin kasa{{Efn|Includes [[U.S. Open Cup]], [[Austrian Cup]], [[FA Cup]], [[DFB-Pokal]]}} ! colspan="2" |Kofin League{{Efn|Includes [[MLS Cup playoffs]], [[EFL Cup]]}} ! colspan="2" |Yankin nahiyar ! colspan="2" |Sauran ! colspan="2" |Jimillar |- !Rarraba !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin |- | rowspan="3" |Baitalami Karfe FC |2017 |USL |5 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |6 |0 |- |2018 |USL |16 |1 |2 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |18 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !21 !1 !3 !0 ! colspan="2" |- ! colspan="2" |- ! colspan="2" |- !24 !1 |- | rowspan="3" |Ƙungiyar Philadelphia |2019 |MLS |28 |3 |0 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |30 |3 |- |2020 |MLS |23 |4 | colspan="2" | - |1 |0 | colspan="2" | - |3{{Efn|Appearances in MLS is Back Tournament knockout stage}} |0 |27 |4 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !51 !7 ! colspan="2" |- !3 !0 ! colspan="2" |- !3 !0 !57 !7 |- | rowspan="3" |Red Bull Salzburg |2020–21<ref name="2020/2021" /> |Bundesliga ta Austriya |20 |5 |3 |2 | colspan="2" | - |2{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Europa League]]}} |0 | colspan="2" | - |25 |7 |- |2021–22 |Bundesliga ta Austriya |26 |4 |5 |0 | colspan="2" | - |10{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |2 | colspan="2" | - |41 |6 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !46 !9 !8 !2 ! colspan="2" |- !12 !2 ! colspan="2" |- !66 !13 |- | rowspan="4" |[[Leeds United F.C.|Leeds United]] |2022–23 |[[Premier League|Gasar Firimiya]] |36 |1 |4 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |40 |1 |- |2024–25 |Gasar cin kofin |46 |9 |0 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |47 |9 |- |2025–26 |Gasar Firimiya |34 |4 |4 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |39 |4 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !116 !14 !8 !0 !2 !0 ! colspan="2" |- ! colspan="2" |- !126 !14 |- |Union Berlin (rashin kuɗi) |2023–24 |Bundesliga |30 |2 |2 |0 | colspan="2" | - |6[f] |0 | colspan="2" | - |38 |2 |- ! colspan="3" |Cikakken aikinsa !264 !33 !21 !2 !5 !0 !18 !2 !3 !0 !311 !37 |} {{Reflist|group=lower-alpha}} === Kasa da kasa === {{Updated|match played March 31, 2026}}<ref>{{NFT|76742}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+Bayyanawa da burin ta ƙungiyar ƙasa da shekara !Ƙungiyar ƙasa !Shekara !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin |- | rowspan="7" |Amurka |2020 |2 |1 |- |2021 |13 |4 |- |2022 |13 |1 |- |2023 |10 |2 |- |2024 |9 |0 |- |2025 |9 |1 |- |2026 |1 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !57 !9 |} : ''Sakamakon Amurka da aka jera da farko, shafi na ci yana nuna ci bayan kowane burin Aaronson.''<ref name="soccerway">{{Cite web |title=Brenden Aaronson – Soccerway |url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/brenden--aaronson/490587/ |access-date=December 10, 2020}}</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" |+Manufofin kasa da kasa ta hanyar kwanan wata, wurin, murfin, abokin hamayyar, ci, sakamako da gasa ! scope="col" |A'a. ! scope="col" |Ranar ! scope="col" |Wurin da ake ciki ! scope="col" |Cap ! scope="col" |Abokin hamayya ! scope="col" |Sakamakon ! scope="col" |Sakamakon ! scope="col" |Gasar |- ! scope="row" |1 |9 ga Disamba, 2020 |Filin wasa na Inter Miami CF, Fort Lauderdale, Amurka | align="center" |2 |{{Fb|SLV}} | align="center" |6–0 | align="center" |6–0 |Abokantaka |- ! scope="row" |2 |Maris 25, 2021 |Gidan wasan Wiener Neustadt, Wiener Neugadt, Austria | align="center" |3 |{{Fb|JAM}} | align="center" |2–0 | align="center" |4–1 |Abokantaka |- ! scope="row" |3 |9 ga Yuni, 2021 |Filin wasa na Rio Tinto, Sandy, Amurka | align="center" |7 |{{Fb|CRC}} | align="center" |1–0 | align="center" |4–0 |Abokantaka |- ! scope="row" |4 |Satumba 5, 2021 |[[Nashville, Tennessee|Nashville]])" id="mwAwk" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Nissan Stadium (Nashville)">Filin wasa na Nissan, Nashville, Amurka | align="center" |9 |{{Fb|CAN}} | align="center" |1–0 | align="center" |1–1 |cancantar gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 2022 |- ! scope="row" |5 |Satumba 8, 2021 |Filin wasa na Metropolitano, San Pedro Sula, Honduras | align="center" |10 |{{Fb|HON}} | align="center" |3–1 | align="center" |4–1 |cancantar gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 2022 |- ! scope="row" |6 |Yuni 1, 2022 |Filin wasa na TQL, Cincinnati, Amurka | align="center" |19 |{{Fb|MAR}} | align="center" |1–0 | align="center" |3–0 |Abokantaka |- ! scope="row" |7 |Maris 24, 2023 |Filin wasa na Kirani James, St. George's, Grenada | align="center" |29 |{{Fb|GRN}} | align="center" |2–0 | align="center" |7–1 |2022-23 CONCACAF Nations League A |- ! scope="row" |8 |Satumba 12, 2023 |Filin Allianz, Saint Paul, Amurka | align="center" |34 |{{Fb|OMA}} | align="center" |2–0 | align="center" |4–0 |Abokantaka |- ! scope="row" |9 |Yuni 15, 2025 |PayPal Park, San Jose, Amurka | align="center" |49 |{{Fb|TRI}} | align="center" |4–0 | align="center" |5–0 |Kofin Zinare na CONCACAF na 2025 |} '''Ƙungiyar Philadelphia''' * Garkuwar Magoya baya: 2020 [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 2000]] 0cmxnnjryfydh3gqfocfvro4oix9afk 830101 830100 2026-05-05T10:38:19Z Sanusi Gado 9920 830101 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Brenden Russell Aaronson''' (an haife shi a ranar 22 ga Oktoba, 2000) ƙwararren ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] ne na Amurka wanda ke buga tsakiya-ta-gaba ko kuma gaba-ta-gefe ge kungiyar Leeds United da kuma kungiyar kwallon kafa ta amurka == Rayuwa ta farko == Ya girma a Medford, New Jersey, Aaronson ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Shawnee na shekara guda kafin a zabe shi zuwa Kwalejin YSC ta Philadelphia Union, inda ya buga kwallon kafa kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare. A lokacin da yake a YSC Academy, Aaronson ya taka leda a kungiyoyin matasa na Union wasa kafin ya shiga Jami'ar Indiana kuma ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar mai son tare da Bethlehem Steel FC.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Matthew Ralph |date=November 20, 2017 |title=Brenden Aaronson verbally commits to Indiana University for 2019 |url=https://www.brotherlygame.com/2017/11/20/16671290/brenden-aaronson-philadelphia-union-indiana-university |access-date=January 1, 2020 |publisher=Brotherly Game}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Jonathan Tannenwald |date=August 21, 2018 |title=Medford's Brenden Aaronson is the Union's top prospect, and a genuine U.S. soccer playmaker |url=https://www.inquirer.com/philly/sports/soccer/brenden-aaronson-soccer-prospect-philadelphia-union-bethlehem-steel-20180821.html |access-date=January 1, 2020 |publisher=The Philadelphia Inquire}}</ref> == Wasannin kulob == === Bethlehem Steel === [[Fayil:Brenden_Aaronson.jpg|left|thumb|242x242px|Aaronson tare da Philadelphia Union a ranar 2 ga Maris, 2019.]] Aaronson ya bayyana a matsayin dan wasan makaranta da ke buga wa Bethlehem Steel FC a lokacin kakar 2017 bayan ya zo daga makarantar Philadelphia Union.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Philadelphia Union |url=http://phil.ussoccerda.com/sam/teams/index.php?team=1400696&player=28259855 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171113165303/http://phil.ussoccerda.com/sam/teams/index.php?team=1400696&player=28259855 |archive-date=November 13, 2017 |access-date=July 21, 2017 |website=phil.ussoccerda.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Brendan Aaronson |url=http://www.uslsoccer.com/brendan-aaronson |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170725004309/http://www.uslsoccer.com/brendan-aaronson |archive-date=July 25, 2017 |access-date=July 21, 2017}}</ref> A ranar 30 ga Satumba, 2017, Aaronson ya fara bugawa Steel FC wasa na farko a wasan da ya yi da Tampa Bay Rowdies.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Matthew Ralph |date=October 5, 2017 |title=South Jersey teens impress in first starts for Bethlehem Steel |url=https://www.brotherlygame.com/2017/10/5/16428392/south-jersey-teens-impress-in-first-starts-for-bethlehem-steel |access-date=January 1, 2020 |publisher=Brotherly Game}}</ref> Aaronson ya buga wasanni 21 ga Steel FC kuma ya zira kwallaye na farko ga kungiyar kwararrun na Atlanta United 2.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Matthew Ralph |date=July 30, 2018 |title=Three Steel players score first pro goals in 4-1 win over Atlanta United 2 |url=https://www.brotherlygame.com/2018/7/30/17629606/bethlehem-steel-players-score-first-pro-goals-in-4-1-win-over-atlanta-united-2 |access-date=January 1, 2020 |publisher=Brotherly Game}}</ref> === Ƙungiyar Philadelphia === A ranar 17 ga Satumba, 2018, an ba da sanarwar cewa Aaronson zai koma Ƙungiyar Philadelphia Union a farkon kakar 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=September 17, 2018 |title=Union Sign Midfielder Brenden Aaronson As Club's Sixth Current Homegrown Player &#124; Philadelphia Union |url=https://www.philadelphiaunion.com/post/2018/09/17/union-sign-midfielder-brenden-aaronson-club-s-sixth-current-homegrown-player |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180917215243/https://www.philadelphiaunion.com/post/2018/09/17/union-sign-midfielder-brenden-aaronson-club-s-sixth-current-homegrown-player |archive-date=September 17, 2018 |website=Philadelphia Union}}</ref> A ranar 17 ga watan Maris, 2019, dan wasan ya zira kwallaye na farko a wasan farko na MLS, inda ya taimaka wa Philadelphia ta yi kunnen doki da Atlanta United. Ana daukan shi a matsayin dan wasan ujila ga Union, raunuka da dakatarwar sun ba Aaronson damar farawa da fice a cikin tawagar farko a matsayin lamba 10 da kuma wasa a tsakiya zuwa hagu.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tansey |first=Joe |date=July 30, 2019 |title=Dream season continues for Philadelphia Union's Brenden Aaronson at Homegrown Game |url=https://www.prosoccerusa.com/mls/dream-season-continues-for-philadelphia-unions-brenden-aaronson-at-homegrown-game/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200101161955/https://www.prosoccerusa.com/mls/dream-season-continues-for-philadelphia-unions-brenden-aaronson-at-homegrown-game/ |archive-date=January 1, 2020 |access-date=January 1, 2020 |website=ProSoccerUSA}}</ref> A ƙarshen kakar wasa ta farko, Aaronson ya zo na biyu don lambar yabo ta yaron dan wasa na MLS na shekara ta 2019, da kwallaye uku da taimakon biyu a cikin minti 1,640 da ya buga. Aaronson shi ne dan wasa mafi ƙanƙanta daga cikin 'yan wasan da suka kai matakin karshe guda biyar.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ralph |first=Matthew |date=October 15, 2019 |title=Brenden Aaronson finishes second in Rookie of the Year award voting |url=https://www.brotherlygame.com/2019/10/15/20915621/brenden-aaronson-second-mls-rookie-of-the-year |website=Brotherly Game}}</ref> Shekarar 2020 ta zama shekara mai muhimmanci ga Aaronson wanda ya gama kakar wasa tare da wasanni 31 a duk faɗin gasa kuma ya zira kwallaye 4. Rawar da Aaronson ya taka a lokacin kakar ya ba shi kyaututtuka da yawa sun haɗa da kasancewa a cikin 2020 MLS Best XI don kakar wasa ta yau da kullun kuma kyautar ''MLS is Back Tournament'' . <ref name="2020MLSiBXI">{{Cite web |date=August 13, 2020 |title=MLS is Back Tournament Best XI presented by BODYARMOR |url=https://www.mlssoccer.com/mls-is-back-tournament/best-xi-presented-bodyarmor |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210217100922/https://www.mlssoccer.com/mls-is-back-tournament/best-xi-presented-bodyarmor |archive-date=February 17, 2021 |access-date=August 19, 2020 |website=MLSsoccer.com}}</ref><ref name="2020MLSXI">{{Cite web |date=November 20, 2020 |title=2020 MLS Best XI presented by Home Depot |url=https://www.mlssoccer.com/post/2019/11/20/2020-mls-best-xi |access-date=November 20, 2020 |website=MLSsoccer.com}}</ref> Kungiyar ta gama kakar wasa da mafi tarihin ta inda suka lashe kofinsu na farko, wato ''2020 Supporters' Shield''. === Red Bull Salzburg === [[Fayil:FC_RB_Salzburg_gegen_WSG_Tirol_(_mit_Meistertellerübergabe_22._Mai_2021)_15.jpg|left|thumb|242x242px|Aaronson tare da Red Bull Salzburg a cikin 2021.]] Bayan ci gaba da jita-jita, an sanar a ranar 16 ga Oktoba, 2020, cewa Aaronson zai koma Red Bull Salzburg daga watan Janairun 2021 bayan kakar MLS ta ƙare.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=FC Red Bull Salzburg - Welcome to Salzburg, Brenden Aaronson! |url=https://www.redbullsalzburg.at/en/fc-red-bull-salzburg/news/saison_2020_21/welcome-to-salzburg-brenden-aaronson.html |access-date=October 16, 2020 |website=redbulls |language=en}}</ref> Duk da yake ba a bayyana kuɗin sauya masa gurbi ba, Philadelphia ta ba da sanarwar cewa zai zama daga cikin siyayya mafi tsada ga dan wasan gida na Amurka a gasar MLS.<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 16, 2020 |title=Philadelphia Union Agree To Record-Breaking Transfer Of Homegrown Midfielder Brenden Aaronson to UEFA Champions League Club FC Red Bull Salzburg |url=https://www.philadelphiaunion.com/post/2020/10/16/philadelphia-union-agree-record-breaking-transfer-homegrown-midfielder-brenden |access-date=October 16, 2020 |website=Philadelphia Union}}</ref> Rahotanni na farko sun nuna cewa kuɗin ya kai dala miliyan 6 a gaba, tare da dala miliyan 3 a matsayin karin karfafawa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 16, 2020 |title=Aaronson joins FC Salzburg in record-breaking transfer |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/soccer-transfers/story/4209284/aaronson-joins-fc-salzburg-in-record-breaking-transfer-from-philadelphia-union |access-date=October 16, 2020 |website=ESPN}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=October 16, 2020 |title=Union sell Brenden Aaronson to Red Bull Salzburg for $6 million |url=https://www.inquirer.com/soccer/philadelphia-union-brenden-aaronson-transfer-fee-red-bull-salzburg-20201016.html |access-date=October 16, 2020 |website=Phila Inquirer}}</ref> Aaronson ya fara bugawa Salzburg wasa a ranar 25 ga watan Janairu, a matsayin mai canji a lokacin da suka yi nasara a kan Rheindorf Altach 2-0.<ref>{{Cite web |date=January 24, 2021 |title=Former Philadelphia Union teammates Brenden Aaronson, Mark McKenzie make European league debuts |url=https://www.mlssoccer.com/post/2021/01/24/former-philadelphia-union-teammates-brenden-aaronson-mark-mckenzie-make-european |access-date=January 25, 2021 |website=MLSsoccer.com}}</ref> [[Fayil:FC_RB_Salzburg_gegen_SK_Sturm_Graz_(24._Oktober_2021)_138.jpg|right|thumb|242x242px|Aaronson yayin wasan da Red Bull Salzburg a shekarar 2021.]] Aaronson ya zira kwallonsa na farko ga Salzburg a ranar 10 ga Fabrairu, 2021, inda ya zira kwallan da ya lashe wasan a lokacin da ya ci Austria Wien 3-1. <ref>{{Cite web |title=WATCH: Brenden Aaronson scores superb first Red Bull Salzburg goal &#124; MLSSoccer.com |url=https://www.mlssoccer.com/news/watch-brenden-aaronson-scores-superb-first-red-bull-salzburg-goal |website=mlssoccer}}</ref> A ranar 1 ga watan Mayu, ya lashe kyautar azurfa ta farko tare da Salzburg yayin da kulob din ya ci LASK a wasan karshe na gasar cin Kofin Austriya da 3-0.<ref name="ACW">{{Cite web |date=May 2, 2021 |title=U.S.'s Brenden Aaronson, Jesse Marsch lead Salzburg to Austrian Cup |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/fc-salzburg/story/4375188/uss-brenden-aaronsonjesse-marsch-lead-salzburg-to-austrian-cup |access-date=May 2, 2021 |website=ESPN}}</ref> Aaronson ya zira kwallo na biyu na wasan, kuma kwallonsa na biyar a duk gasa tun lokacin da ya tashi daga Philadelphia a watan Janairu.<ref name="ACW" /> === Leeds United === A ranar 26 ga Mayu, 2022, [[Leeds United F.C.|Leeds United]] ta sanar da sanya hannu don siyan Aaronson kan kwangila ta shekaru biyar, wanda ya fara a ranar 1 ga Yuli. <ref>{{Cite web |date=May 26, 2022 |title=Brenden Aaronson to join Leeds United |url=https://www.leedsunited.com/en/news/brenden-aaronson-to-join-leeds-united |access-date=May 26, 2022 |publisher=Leeds United F.C.}}</ref> Sky Sports ta ba da rahoton kuɗin siyayyar ya zama £ 24.7 miliyan.<ref>{{Cite web |date=May 26, 2022 |title=Leeds transfer news: Red Bull Salzburg midfielder Brenden Aaronson signs on a five-year deal |url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11715/12621990/leeds-transfer-news-red-bull-salzburg-midfielder-brenden-aaronson-signs-on-a-five-year-deal |access-date=May 26, 2022 |website=Sky Sports}}</ref> Ya fara buga wasan farko a Leeds a cikin 'yan wasa masu fara wasa goma sha ɗaya a farkon kakar a ranar 6 ga watan Agusta, tare da nasarar 2-1 a gida a kan Wolverhampton Wanderers . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Unwin |first=Will |date=August 6, 2022 |title=Brenden Aaronson inspires Leeds to comeback victory over Wolves |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2022/aug/06/leeds-wolves-premier-league-match-report |access-date=August 7, 2022 |website=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> A ranar 21 ga watan Agusta, Aaronson ya zira kwallonsa na farko a Premier League bayan ya tilasta kuskure daga mai tsaron gidan [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]] [[Édouard Mendy]] a cikin nasarar 3-0 a gida a kan abokan hamayya Chelsea, ya taimaka wa Leeds samun nasarar farko a kan Blues na tsawon shekaru 20.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Magowan |first=Alistair |date=August 21, 2022 |title=Leeds United 3–0 Chelsea: Hosts dominate at Elland Road to continue unbeaten start |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/62537747 |access-date=August 21, 2022 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> ==== Aro zuwa Union Berlin ==== A ranar 9 ga watan Yulin 2023, bayan da aka cire Leeds daga Premier League, Aaronson ya koma kungiyar Bundesliga Union Berlin a kan aro don kakar 2023-24.<ref>{{Cite web |date=July 9, 2023 |title=Brenden Aaronson joins Union Berlin on loan from Leeds United |url=https://www.bundesliga.com/en/bundesliga/news/brenden-aaronson-joins-union-berlin-on-loan-from-leeds-united-23950 |access-date=July 9, 2023 |website=bundesliga.com - the official Bundesliga website |language=en}}</ref> ==== Komawa Leeds ==== [[Fayil:Brenden_Aaronson_13092025_(4).jpg|left|thumb|242x242px|Aaronson ya sanya hannu bayan wasan da [[Leeds United F.C.|Leeds United]] ta yi da Fulham a ranar 13 ga Satumba 2025.]] Aaronson ya dawo Elland Road don kakar 2024-25, inda ya taka leda na musamman a wasansa biyar a watan Agusta, wanda ya zira kwallaye sau biyu a wasanni biyu, gami da kwallon da yaci na kunnen doki bayan karin lokacin tashi a wasan farko na gida na 3-3 a kan Portsmouth. <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 10, 2024 |title=Leeds 3–3 Portsmouth |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/live/cy7686y1k44t |access-date=September 14, 2024 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> Kwallaye biyu da ya ci tare da taimakonsa sun ba shi kyautar Dan Wasan JD Sports na Wata na watan Agusta 2024. <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 13, 2024 |title=Brenden Aaronson voted JD Sports Player of the Month for August |url=https://www.leedsunited.com/en/news/brenden-aaronson-voted-jd-sports-player-of-the-month-for-august |access-date=August 14, 2024 |website=leedsunited.com}}</ref> Aaronson ya gama kakar 2024-25 tare da kwallaye tara, ya kara da taimakon biyu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brenden Aaronson Stats, Goals, Records, Assists, Cups and more |url=https://fbref.com/en/players/5bc43860/Brenden-Aaronson |access-date=May 9, 2025 |website=FBref.com |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 21 ga Afrilu, 2025, an sake dawo da Aaronson zuwa Premier League tare da Leeds bayan nasarar 6-0 a kan Stoke City a Elland Road da Sheffield United ta 2-1 a Burnley a Turf Moor. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Leeds United 6-0 Stoke City: Whites earn thumping win as they go on to win promotion |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/live/c62glk7vn2gt |access-date=May 9, 2025 |website=BBC Sport |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Burnley 2-1 Sheffield United: Clarets promoted along with Leeds |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/live/cvg70ljnn2gt |access-date=May 9, 2025 |website=BBC Sport |language=en-GB}}</ref> A ranar 3 ga watan Mayu, Aaronson ya lashe gasar cin kofin EFL tare da Leeds bayan nasarar 2-1 ga tawagar Plymouth Argyle a Home Park . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Plymouth Argyle 1-2 Leeds United: Leeds win Championship title as Pilgrims are relegated |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/live/c14xy52vg71t |access-date=May 9, 2025 |website=BBC Sport |language=en-GB}}</ref> A ranar 7 ga watan Janairun 2026, Aaronson ya zira kwallaye na farko tare da Leeds United a rashin nasara da suka yi na 4-3 ga [[Newcastle United FC|Newcastle]] a St James' Park . == Wasan kasa da kasa == [[Fayil:Brenden_Aaronson_USMNT_v_Portugal_Mar_31_2026-245.jpg|thumb|Aaronson tare da Amurka a cikin 2026]] Bayan ya taka leda na musamman a matsayin sabon karamin dan wasa, Aaronson ya karbi kira na farko zuwa Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta maza ta Amurka a watan Oktoba 2019 don wasannin CONCACAF Nations League tare da Cuba da Kanada. Bai sami kwallo a kowane wasa ba.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brenden Aaronson &#124; USMNT &#124; U.S. Soccer Official Site |url=https://www.ussoccer.com/players/a/brenden-aaronson |website=ussoccer.com}}</ref> Aaronson ya sami kira na biyu zuwa babbar kungiyar don sansanin Janairu 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jonathan Tannenwald |date=December 30, 2019 |title=Union's Brenden Aaronson, Mark McKenzie on first USMNT roster of 2020 |url=https://www.inquirer.com/soccer/usmnt-january-camp-2020-roster-qatar-brenden-aaronson-mark-mckenzie-philadelphia-union-20191230.html |access-date=January 1, 2020 |website=The Philadelphia Inquirer}}</ref> Aaronson ya sami cikakken wasa a karo na farko a nasarar 1-0 a kan Costa Rica . Daga baya a wannan shekarar, Aaronson ya zira kwallo na farko na kasa da kasa a lokacin da ya ci El Salvador 6-0 a watan Disamba na shekarar 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 9, 2020 |title=Brenden Aaronson scores first USMNT goal in 6-0 rout of El Salvador |url=https://www.inquirer.com/soccer/usmnt-el-salvador-brenden-aaronson-chris-mueller-20201209.html |access-date=December 11, 2020 |website=The Philadelphia Inquirer}}</ref> An shigar da Aaronson a cikin tawagar mutum 26 na [[Kofin Duniya na FIFA 2022|Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta FIFA ta 2022]], ya buga duka wasanni rukuni guda uku.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Keh |first=Andrew |date=November 9, 2022 |title=U.S. Announces a World Cup Roster Shaped by a Wholesale Turnover |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/09/sports/soccer/us-world-cup-roster.html |access-date=November 29, 2022 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Fisher |first=Ben |date=November 21, 2022 |title=Gareth Bale's penalty rescues point for Wales in World Cup opener with USA |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2022/nov/21/gareth-bales-penalty-rescues-point-for-wales-in-world-cup-opener-with-usa |access-date=November 29, 2022 |website=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Hytner |first=David |date=November 25, 2022 |title=Edgy England on verge of World Cup last 16 after fortunate draw with USA |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2022/nov/25/england-usa-world-cup-group-b-match-report |access-date=November 29, 2022 |website=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ames |first=Nick |date=November 29, 2022 |title=Christian Pulisic strike guides USA past Iran to set up Netherlands meeting |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2022/nov/29/iran-usa-world-cup-group-b-match-report |access-date=November 29, 2022 |website=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> == Rayuwarsa == Yayansa [[Paxten Aaronson]] shi ma kwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne kuma yana buga wa kungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Major League Colorado Rapids. <ref>{{Cite web |date=May 17, 2022 |title=The amazing Aaronsons: Brenden, Paxten and their parents on being U.S. soccer's next big hopes |url=https://www.espn.co.uk/football/story/_/id/37628505/brenden-paxten-their-parents-being-us-soccer-next-big-hopes |access-date=October 16, 2025 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}</ref> Rawar da Aaronson ya taka a Philadelphia Union da Red Bull Salzburg sun ba shi laƙabi na "Medford Messi", wani nau'i wanda ke nufin wurin haihuwarsa kuma ana kwatanta shi da ɗan wasan Argentina [[Messi|Lionel Messi]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=August 4, 2021 |title=Brenden Aaronson, aka "The Medford Messi" Scores Game Winner Against Barcelona |url=https://www.crossingbroad.com/2021/08/brenden-aaronson-aka-the-medford-messi-scores-game-winner-against-barcelona.html |access-date=August 5, 2021 |website=Crossing Broad |language=en-US}}</ref> Shi mai sha'awar San Francisco 49ers ne, saboda mahaifinsa ya fito ne daga Sacramento. An saka masa rana da Milana D'Ambra a watan Agustan shekara ta 2024. == Kididdigar aiki == === Kungiyar === {{Updated|match played May 1, 2026}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+Bayyanawa da burin kulob din, kakar wasa da gasa ! rowspan="2" |Kungiyar ! rowspan="2" |Lokacin ! colspan="3" |Ƙungiyar ! colspan="2" |Kofin kasa{{Efn|Includes [[U.S. Open Cup]], [[Austrian Cup]], [[FA Cup]], [[DFB-Pokal]]}} ! colspan="2" |Kofin League{{Efn|Includes [[MLS Cup playoffs]], [[EFL Cup]]}} ! colspan="2" |Yankin nahiyar ! colspan="2" |Sauran ! colspan="2" |Jimillar |- !Rarraba !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin |- | rowspan="3" |Baitalami Karfe FC |2017 |USL |5 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |6 |0 |- |2018 |USL |16 |1 |2 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |18 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !21 !1 !3 !0 ! colspan="2" |- ! colspan="2" |- ! colspan="2" |- !24 !1 |- | rowspan="3" |Ƙungiyar Philadelphia |2019 |MLS |28 |3 |0 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |30 |3 |- |2020 |MLS |23 |4 | colspan="2" | - |1 |0 | colspan="2" | - |3{{Efn|Appearances in MLS is Back Tournament knockout stage}} |0 |27 |4 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !51 !7 ! colspan="2" |- !3 !0 ! colspan="2" |- !3 !0 !57 !7 |- | rowspan="3" |Red Bull Salzburg |2020–21<ref name="2020/2021" /> |Bundesliga ta Austriya |20 |5 |3 |2 | colspan="2" | - |2{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Europa League]]}} |0 | colspan="2" | - |25 |7 |- |2021–22 |Bundesliga ta Austriya |26 |4 |5 |0 | colspan="2" | - |10{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |2 | colspan="2" | - |41 |6 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !46 !9 !8 !2 ! colspan="2" |- !12 !2 ! colspan="2" |- !66 !13 |- | rowspan="4" |[[Leeds United F.C.|Leeds United]] |2022–23 |[[Premier League|Gasar Firimiya]] |36 |1 |4 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |40 |1 |- |2024–25 |Gasar cin kofin |46 |9 |0 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |47 |9 |- |2025–26 |Gasar Firimiya |34 |4 |4 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |39 |4 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !116 !14 !8 !0 !2 !0 ! colspan="2" |- ! colspan="2" |- !126 !14 |- |Union Berlin (rashin kuɗi) |2023–24 |Bundesliga |30 |2 |2 |0 | colspan="2" | - |6[f] |0 | colspan="2" | - |38 |2 |- ! colspan="3" |Cikakken aikinsa !264 !33 !21 !2 !5 !0 !18 !2 !3 !0 !311 !37 |} {{Reflist|group=lower-alpha}} === Kasa da kasa === {{Updated|match played March 31, 2026}}<ref>{{NFT|76742}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+Bayyanawa da burin ta ƙungiyar ƙasa da shekara !Ƙungiyar ƙasa !Shekara !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin |- | rowspan="7" |Amurka |2020 |2 |1 |- |2021 |13 |4 |- |2022 |13 |1 |- |2023 |10 |2 |- |2024 |9 |0 |- |2025 |9 |1 |- |2026 |1 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !57 !9 |} : ''Sakamakon Amurka da aka jera da farko, shafi na ci yana nuna ci bayan kowane burin Aaronson.''<ref name="soccerway">{{Cite web |title=Brenden Aaronson – Soccerway |url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/brenden--aaronson/490587/ |access-date=December 10, 2020}}</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" |+Manufofin kasa da kasa ta hanyar kwanan wata, wurin, murfin, abokin hamayyar, ci, sakamako da gasa ! scope="col" |A'a. ! scope="col" |Ranar ! scope="col" |Wurin da ake ciki ! scope="col" |Cap ! scope="col" |Abokin hamayya ! scope="col" |Sakamakon ! scope="col" |Sakamakon ! scope="col" |Gasar |- ! scope="row" |1 |9 ga Disamba, 2020 |Filin wasa na Inter Miami CF, Fort Lauderdale, Amurka | align="center" |2 |{{Fb|SLV}} | align="center" |6–0 | align="center" |6–0 |Abokantaka |- ! scope="row" |2 |Maris 25, 2021 |Gidan wasan Wiener Neustadt, Wiener Neugadt, Austria | align="center" |3 |{{Fb|JAM}} | align="center" |2–0 | align="center" |4–1 |Abokantaka |- ! scope="row" |3 |9 ga Yuni, 2021 |Filin wasa na Rio Tinto, Sandy, Amurka | align="center" |7 |{{Fb|CRC}} | align="center" |1–0 | align="center" |4–0 |Abokantaka |- ! scope="row" |4 |Satumba 5, 2021 |[[Nashville, Tennessee|Nashville]])" id="mwAwk" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Nissan Stadium (Nashville)">Filin wasa na Nissan, Nashville, Amurka | align="center" |9 |{{Fb|CAN}} | align="center" |1–0 | align="center" |1–1 |cancantar gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 2022 |- ! scope="row" |5 |Satumba 8, 2021 |Filin wasa na Metropolitano, San Pedro Sula, Honduras | align="center" |10 |{{Fb|HON}} | align="center" |3–1 | align="center" |4–1 |cancantar gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 2022 |- ! scope="row" |6 |Yuni 1, 2022 |Filin wasa na TQL, Cincinnati, Amurka | align="center" |19 |{{Fb|MAR}} | align="center" |1–0 | align="center" |3–0 |Abokantaka |- ! scope="row" |7 |Maris 24, 2023 |Filin wasa na Kirani James, St. George's, Grenada | align="center" |29 |{{Fb|GRN}} | align="center" |2–0 | align="center" |7–1 |2022-23 CONCACAF Nations League A |- ! scope="row" |8 |Satumba 12, 2023 |Filin Allianz, Saint Paul, Amurka | align="center" |34 |{{Fb|OMA}} | align="center" |2–0 | align="center" |4–0 |Abokantaka |- ! scope="row" |9 |Yuni 15, 2025 |PayPal Park, San Jose, Amurka | align="center" |49 |{{Fb|TRI}} | align="center" |4–0 | align="center" |5–0 |Kofin Zinare na CONCACAF na 2025 |} '''Ƙungiyar Philadelphia''' * Garkuwar Magoya baya: 2020 [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 2000]] 0iikm9x61vy5p1mlc578mypk0b6ywoc 830102 830101 2026-05-05T10:38:59Z Sanusi Gado 9920 830102 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Brenden Russell Aaronson''' (an haife shi a ranar 22 ga Oktoba, 2000) ƙwararren ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] ne na Amurka wanda ke buga tsakiya-ta-gaba ko kuma gaba-ta-gefe ge kungiyar Leeds United da kuma kungiyar kwallon kafa ta amurka == Rayuwa ta farko == Ya girma a Medford, New Jersey, Aaronson ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Shawnee na shekara guda kafin a zabe shi zuwa Kwalejin YSC ta Philadelphia Union, inda ya buga kwallon kafa kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare. A lokacin da yake a YSC Academy, Aaronson ya taka leda a kungiyoyin matasa na Union wasa kafin ya shiga Jami'ar Indiana kuma ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar mai son tare da Bethlehem Steel FC.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Matthew Ralph |date=November 20, 2017 |title=Brenden Aaronson verbally commits to Indiana University for 2019 |url=https://www.brotherlygame.com/2017/11/20/16671290/brenden-aaronson-philadelphia-union-indiana-university |access-date=January 1, 2020 |publisher=Brotherly Game}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Jonathan Tannenwald |date=August 21, 2018 |title=Medford's Brenden Aaronson is the Union's top prospect, and a genuine U.S. soccer playmaker |url=https://www.inquirer.com/philly/sports/soccer/brenden-aaronson-soccer-prospect-philadelphia-union-bethlehem-steel-20180821.html |access-date=January 1, 2020 |publisher=The Philadelphia Inquire}}</ref> == Wasannin kulob == === Bethlehem Steel === [[Fayil:Brenden_Aaronson.jpg|left|thumb|242x242px|Aaronson tare da Philadelphia Union a ranar 2 ga Maris, 2019.]] Aaronson ya bayyana a matsayin dan wasan makaranta da ke buga wa Bethlehem Steel FC a lokacin kakar 2017 bayan ya zo daga makarantar Philadelphia Union.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Philadelphia Union |url=http://phil.ussoccerda.com/sam/teams/index.php?team=1400696&player=28259855 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171113165303/http://phil.ussoccerda.com/sam/teams/index.php?team=1400696&player=28259855 |archive-date=November 13, 2017 |access-date=July 21, 2017 |website=phil.ussoccerda.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Brendan Aaronson |url=http://www.uslsoccer.com/brendan-aaronson |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170725004309/http://www.uslsoccer.com/brendan-aaronson |archive-date=July 25, 2017 |access-date=July 21, 2017}}</ref> A ranar 30 ga Satumba, 2017, Aaronson ya fara bugawa Steel FC wasa na farko a wasan da ya yi da Tampa Bay Rowdies.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Matthew Ralph |date=October 5, 2017 |title=South Jersey teens impress in first starts for Bethlehem Steel |url=https://www.brotherlygame.com/2017/10/5/16428392/south-jersey-teens-impress-in-first-starts-for-bethlehem-steel |access-date=January 1, 2020 |publisher=Brotherly Game}}</ref> Aaronson ya buga wasanni 21 ga Steel FC kuma ya zira kwallaye na farko ga kungiyar kwararrun na Atlanta United 2.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Matthew Ralph |date=July 30, 2018 |title=Three Steel players score first pro goals in 4-1 win over Atlanta United 2 |url=https://www.brotherlygame.com/2018/7/30/17629606/bethlehem-steel-players-score-first-pro-goals-in-4-1-win-over-atlanta-united-2 |access-date=January 1, 2020 |publisher=Brotherly Game}}</ref> === Ƙungiyar Philadelphia === A ranar 17 ga Satumba, 2018, an ba da sanarwar cewa Aaronson zai koma Ƙungiyar Philadelphia Union a farkon kakar 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=September 17, 2018 |title=Union Sign Midfielder Brenden Aaronson As Club's Sixth Current Homegrown Player &#124; Philadelphia Union |url=https://www.philadelphiaunion.com/post/2018/09/17/union-sign-midfielder-brenden-aaronson-club-s-sixth-current-homegrown-player |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180917215243/https://www.philadelphiaunion.com/post/2018/09/17/union-sign-midfielder-brenden-aaronson-club-s-sixth-current-homegrown-player |archive-date=September 17, 2018 |website=Philadelphia Union}}</ref> A ranar 17 ga watan Maris, 2019, dan wasan ya zira kwallaye na farko a wasan farko na MLS, inda ya taimaka wa Philadelphia ta yi kunnen doki da Atlanta United. Ana daukan shi a matsayin dan wasan ujila ga Union, raunuka da dakatarwar sun ba Aaronson damar farawa da fice a cikin tawagar farko a matsayin lamba 10 da kuma wasa a tsakiya zuwa hagu.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tansey |first=Joe |date=July 30, 2019 |title=Dream season continues for Philadelphia Union's Brenden Aaronson at Homegrown Game |url=https://www.prosoccerusa.com/mls/dream-season-continues-for-philadelphia-unions-brenden-aaronson-at-homegrown-game/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200101161955/https://www.prosoccerusa.com/mls/dream-season-continues-for-philadelphia-unions-brenden-aaronson-at-homegrown-game/ |archive-date=January 1, 2020 |access-date=January 1, 2020 |website=ProSoccerUSA}}</ref> A ƙarshen kakar wasa ta farko, Aaronson ya zo na biyu don lambar yabo ta yaron dan wasa na MLS na shekara ta 2019, da kwallaye uku da taimakon biyu a cikin minti 1,640 da ya buga. Aaronson shi ne dan wasa mafi ƙanƙanta daga cikin 'yan wasan da suka kai matakin karshe guda biyar.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ralph |first=Matthew |date=October 15, 2019 |title=Brenden Aaronson finishes second in Rookie of the Year award voting |url=https://www.brotherlygame.com/2019/10/15/20915621/brenden-aaronson-second-mls-rookie-of-the-year |website=Brotherly Game}}</ref> Shekarar 2020 ta zama shekara mai muhimmanci ga Aaronson wanda ya gama kakar wasa tare da wasanni 31 a duk faɗin gasa kuma ya zira kwallaye 4. Rawar da Aaronson ya taka a lokacin kakar ya ba shi kyaututtuka da yawa sun haɗa da kasancewa a cikin 2020 MLS Best XI don kakar wasa ta yau da kullun kuma kyautar ''MLS is Back Tournament'' . <ref name="2020MLSiBXI">{{Cite web |date=August 13, 2020 |title=MLS is Back Tournament Best XI presented by BODYARMOR |url=https://www.mlssoccer.com/mls-is-back-tournament/best-xi-presented-bodyarmor |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210217100922/https://www.mlssoccer.com/mls-is-back-tournament/best-xi-presented-bodyarmor |archive-date=February 17, 2021 |access-date=August 19, 2020 |website=MLSsoccer.com}}</ref><ref name="2020MLSXI">{{Cite web |date=November 20, 2020 |title=2020 MLS Best XI presented by Home Depot |url=https://www.mlssoccer.com/post/2019/11/20/2020-mls-best-xi |access-date=November 20, 2020 |website=MLSsoccer.com}}</ref> Kungiyar ta gama kakar wasa da mafi tarihin ta inda suka lashe kofinsu na farko, wato ''2020 Supporters' Shield''. === Red Bull Salzburg === [[Fayil:FC_RB_Salzburg_gegen_WSG_Tirol_(_mit_Meistertellerübergabe_22._Mai_2021)_15.jpg|left|thumb|242x242px|Aaronson tare da Red Bull Salzburg a cikin 2021.]] Bayan ci gaba da jita-jita, an sanar a ranar 16 ga Oktoba, 2020, cewa Aaronson zai koma Red Bull Salzburg daga watan Janairun 2021 bayan kakar MLS ta ƙare.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=FC Red Bull Salzburg - Welcome to Salzburg, Brenden Aaronson! |url=https://www.redbullsalzburg.at/en/fc-red-bull-salzburg/news/saison_2020_21/welcome-to-salzburg-brenden-aaronson.html |access-date=October 16, 2020 |website=redbulls |language=en}}</ref> Duk da yake ba a bayyana kuɗin sauya masa gurbi ba, Philadelphia ta ba da sanarwar cewa zai zama daga cikin siyayya mafi tsada ga dan wasan gida na Amurka a gasar MLS.<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 16, 2020 |title=Philadelphia Union Agree To Record-Breaking Transfer Of Homegrown Midfielder Brenden Aaronson to UEFA Champions League Club FC Red Bull Salzburg |url=https://www.philadelphiaunion.com/post/2020/10/16/philadelphia-union-agree-record-breaking-transfer-homegrown-midfielder-brenden |access-date=October 16, 2020 |website=Philadelphia Union}}</ref> Rahotanni na farko sun nuna cewa kuɗin ya kai dala miliyan 6 a gaba, tare da dala miliyan 3 a matsayin karin karfafawa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 16, 2020 |title=Aaronson joins FC Salzburg in record-breaking transfer |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/soccer-transfers/story/4209284/aaronson-joins-fc-salzburg-in-record-breaking-transfer-from-philadelphia-union |access-date=October 16, 2020 |website=ESPN}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=October 16, 2020 |title=Union sell Brenden Aaronson to Red Bull Salzburg for $6 million |url=https://www.inquirer.com/soccer/philadelphia-union-brenden-aaronson-transfer-fee-red-bull-salzburg-20201016.html |access-date=October 16, 2020 |website=Phila Inquirer}}</ref> Aaronson ya fara bugawa Salzburg wasa a ranar 25 ga watan Janairu, a matsayin mai canji a lokacin da suka yi nasara a kan Rheindorf Altach 2-0.<ref>{{Cite web |date=January 24, 2021 |title=Former Philadelphia Union teammates Brenden Aaronson, Mark McKenzie make European league debuts |url=https://www.mlssoccer.com/post/2021/01/24/former-philadelphia-union-teammates-brenden-aaronson-mark-mckenzie-make-european |access-date=January 25, 2021 |website=MLSsoccer.com}}</ref> [[Fayil:FC_RB_Salzburg_gegen_SK_Sturm_Graz_(24._Oktober_2021)_138.jpg|right|thumb|242x242px|Aaronson yayin wasan da Red Bull Salzburg a shekarar 2021.]] Aaronson ya zira kwallonsa na farko ga Salzburg a ranar 10 ga Fabrairu, 2021, inda ya zira kwallan da ya lashe wasan a lokacin da ya ci Austria Wien 3-1. <ref>{{Cite web |title=WATCH: Brenden Aaronson scores superb first Red Bull Salzburg goal &#124; MLSSoccer.com |url=https://www.mlssoccer.com/news/watch-brenden-aaronson-scores-superb-first-red-bull-salzburg-goal |website=mlssoccer}}</ref> A ranar 1 ga watan Mayu, ya lashe kyautar azurfa ta farko tare da Salzburg yayin da kulob din ya ci LASK a wasan karshe na gasar cin Kofin Austriya da 3-0.<ref name="ACW">{{Cite web |date=May 2, 2021 |title=U.S.'s Brenden Aaronson, Jesse Marsch lead Salzburg to Austrian Cup |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/fc-salzburg/story/4375188/uss-brenden-aaronsonjesse-marsch-lead-salzburg-to-austrian-cup |access-date=May 2, 2021 |website=ESPN}}</ref> Aaronson ya zira kwallo na biyu na wasan, kuma kwallonsa na biyar a duk gasa tun lokacin da ya tashi daga Philadelphia a watan Janairu.<ref name="ACW" /> === Leeds United === A ranar 26 ga Mayu, 2022, [[Leeds United F.C.|Leeds United]] ta sanar da sanya hannu don siyan Aaronson kan kwangila ta shekaru biyar, wanda ya fara a ranar 1 ga Yuli. <ref>{{Cite web |date=May 26, 2022 |title=Brenden Aaronson to join Leeds United |url=https://www.leedsunited.com/en/news/brenden-aaronson-to-join-leeds-united |access-date=May 26, 2022 |publisher=Leeds United F.C.}}</ref> Sky Sports ta ba da rahoton kuɗin siyayyar ya zama £ 24.7 miliyan.<ref>{{Cite web |date=May 26, 2022 |title=Leeds transfer news: Red Bull Salzburg midfielder Brenden Aaronson signs on a five-year deal |url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11715/12621990/leeds-transfer-news-red-bull-salzburg-midfielder-brenden-aaronson-signs-on-a-five-year-deal |access-date=May 26, 2022 |website=Sky Sports}}</ref> Ya fara buga wasan farko a Leeds a cikin 'yan wasa masu fara wasa goma sha ɗaya a farkon kakar a ranar 6 ga watan Agusta, tare da nasarar 2-1 a gida a kan Wolverhampton Wanderers . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Unwin |first=Will |date=August 6, 2022 |title=Brenden Aaronson inspires Leeds to comeback victory over Wolves |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2022/aug/06/leeds-wolves-premier-league-match-report |access-date=August 7, 2022 |website=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> A ranar 21 ga watan Agusta, Aaronson ya zira kwallonsa na farko a Premier League bayan ya tilasta kuskure daga mai tsaron gidan [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]] [[Édouard Mendy]] a cikin nasarar 3-0 a gida a kan abokan hamayya Chelsea, ya taimaka wa Leeds samun nasarar farko a kan Blues na tsawon shekaru 20.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Magowan |first=Alistair |date=August 21, 2022 |title=Leeds United 3–0 Chelsea: Hosts dominate at Elland Road to continue unbeaten start |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/62537747 |access-date=August 21, 2022 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> ==== Aro zuwa Union Berlin ==== A ranar 9 ga watan Yulin 2023, bayan da aka cire Leeds daga Premier League, Aaronson ya koma kungiyar Bundesliga Union Berlin a kan aro don kakar 2023-24.<ref>{{Cite web |date=July 9, 2023 |title=Brenden Aaronson joins Union Berlin on loan from Leeds United |url=https://www.bundesliga.com/en/bundesliga/news/brenden-aaronson-joins-union-berlin-on-loan-from-leeds-united-23950 |access-date=July 9, 2023 |website=bundesliga.com - the official Bundesliga website |language=en}}</ref> ==== Komawa Leeds ==== [[Fayil:Brenden_Aaronson_13092025_(4).jpg|left|thumb|242x242px|Aaronson ya sanya hannu bayan wasan da [[Leeds United F.C.|Leeds United]] ta yi da Fulham a ranar 13 ga Satumba 2025.]] Aaronson ya dawo Elland Road don kakar 2024-25, inda ya taka leda na musamman a wasansa biyar a watan Agusta, wanda ya zira kwallaye sau biyu a wasanni biyu, gami da kwallon da yaci na kunnen doki bayan karin lokacin tashi a wasan farko na gida na 3-3 a kan Portsmouth. <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 10, 2024 |title=Leeds 3–3 Portsmouth |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/live/cy7686y1k44t |access-date=September 14, 2024 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> Kwallaye biyu da ya ci tare da taimakonsa sun ba shi kyautar Dan Wasan JD Sports na Wata na watan Agusta 2024. <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 13, 2024 |title=Brenden Aaronson voted JD Sports Player of the Month for August |url=https://www.leedsunited.com/en/news/brenden-aaronson-voted-jd-sports-player-of-the-month-for-august |access-date=August 14, 2024 |website=leedsunited.com}}</ref> Aaronson ya gama kakar 2024-25 tare da kwallaye tara, ya kara da taimakon biyu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brenden Aaronson Stats, Goals, Records, Assists, Cups and more |url=https://fbref.com/en/players/5bc43860/Brenden-Aaronson |access-date=May 9, 2025 |website=FBref.com |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 21 ga Afrilu, 2025, an sake dawo da Aaronson zuwa Premier League tare da Leeds bayan nasarar 6-0 a kan Stoke City a Elland Road da Sheffield United ta 2-1 a Burnley a Turf Moor. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Leeds United 6-0 Stoke City: Whites earn thumping win as they go on to win promotion |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/live/c62glk7vn2gt |access-date=May 9, 2025 |website=BBC Sport |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Burnley 2-1 Sheffield United: Clarets promoted along with Leeds |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/live/cvg70ljnn2gt |access-date=May 9, 2025 |website=BBC Sport |language=en-GB}}</ref> A ranar 3 ga watan Mayu, Aaronson ya lashe gasar cin kofin EFL tare da Leeds bayan nasarar 2-1 ga tawagar Plymouth Argyle a Home Park . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Plymouth Argyle 1-2 Leeds United: Leeds win Championship title as Pilgrims are relegated |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/live/c14xy52vg71t |access-date=May 9, 2025 |website=BBC Sport |language=en-GB}}</ref> A ranar 7 ga watan Janairun 2026, Aaronson ya zira kwallaye na farko tare da Leeds United a rashin nasara da suka yi na 4-3 ga [[Newcastle United FC|Newcastle]] a St James' Park . == Wasan kasa da kasa == [[Fayil:Brenden_Aaronson_USMNT_v_Portugal_Mar_31_2026-245.jpg|thumb|Aaronson tare da Amurka a cikin 2026]] Bayan ya taka leda na musamman a matsayin sabon karamin dan wasa, Aaronson ya karbi kira na farko zuwa Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta maza ta Amurka a watan Oktoba 2019 don wasannin CONCACAF Nations League tare da Cuba da Kanada. Bai sami kwallo a kowane wasa ba.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brenden Aaronson &#124; USMNT &#124; U.S. Soccer Official Site |url=https://www.ussoccer.com/players/a/brenden-aaronson |website=ussoccer.com}}</ref> Aaronson ya sami kira na biyu zuwa babbar kungiyar don sansanin Janairu 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jonathan Tannenwald |date=December 30, 2019 |title=Union's Brenden Aaronson, Mark McKenzie on first USMNT roster of 2020 |url=https://www.inquirer.com/soccer/usmnt-january-camp-2020-roster-qatar-brenden-aaronson-mark-mckenzie-philadelphia-union-20191230.html |access-date=January 1, 2020 |website=The Philadelphia Inquirer}}</ref> Aaronson ya sami cikakken wasa a karo na farko a nasarar 1-0 a kan Costa Rica . Daga baya a wannan shekarar, Aaronson ya zira kwallo na farko na kasa da kasa a lokacin da ya ci El Salvador 6-0 a watan Disamba na shekarar 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 9, 2020 |title=Brenden Aaronson scores first USMNT goal in 6-0 rout of El Salvador |url=https://www.inquirer.com/soccer/usmnt-el-salvador-brenden-aaronson-chris-mueller-20201209.html |access-date=December 11, 2020 |website=The Philadelphia Inquirer}}</ref> An shigar da Aaronson a cikin tawagar mutum 26 na [[Kofin Duniya na FIFA 2022|Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta FIFA ta 2022]], ya buga duka wasanni rukuni guda uku.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Keh |first=Andrew |date=November 9, 2022 |title=U.S. Announces a World Cup Roster Shaped by a Wholesale Turnover |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/09/sports/soccer/us-world-cup-roster.html |access-date=November 29, 2022 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Fisher |first=Ben |date=November 21, 2022 |title=Gareth Bale's penalty rescues point for Wales in World Cup opener with USA |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2022/nov/21/gareth-bales-penalty-rescues-point-for-wales-in-world-cup-opener-with-usa |access-date=November 29, 2022 |website=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Hytner |first=David |date=November 25, 2022 |title=Edgy England on verge of World Cup last 16 after fortunate draw with USA |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2022/nov/25/england-usa-world-cup-group-b-match-report |access-date=November 29, 2022 |website=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ames |first=Nick |date=November 29, 2022 |title=Christian Pulisic strike guides USA past Iran to set up Netherlands meeting |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2022/nov/29/iran-usa-world-cup-group-b-match-report |access-date=November 29, 2022 |website=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> == Rayuwarsa == Yayansa [[Paxten Aaronson]] shi ma kwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne kuma yana buga wa kungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Major League Colorado Rapids. <ref>{{Cite web |date=May 17, 2022 |title=The amazing Aaronsons: Brenden, Paxten and their parents on being U.S. soccer's next big hopes |url=https://www.espn.co.uk/football/story/_/id/37628505/brenden-paxten-their-parents-being-us-soccer-next-big-hopes |access-date=October 16, 2025 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}</ref> Rawar da Aaronson ya taka a Philadelphia Union da Red Bull Salzburg sun ba shi laƙabi na "Medford Messi", wani nau'i wanda ke nufin wurin haihuwarsa kuma ana kwatanta shi da ɗan wasan Argentina [[Messi|Lionel Messi]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=August 4, 2021 |title=Brenden Aaronson, aka "The Medford Messi" Scores Game Winner Against Barcelona |url=https://www.crossingbroad.com/2021/08/brenden-aaronson-aka-the-medford-messi-scores-game-winner-against-barcelona.html |access-date=August 5, 2021 |website=Crossing Broad |language=en-US}}</ref> Shi mai sha'awar San Francisco 49ers ne, saboda mahaifinsa ya fito ne daga Sacramento. An saka masa rana da Milana D'Ambra a watan Agustan shekara ta 2024. == Kididdigar aiki == === Kungiyar === {{Updated|match played May 1, 2026}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+Bayyanawa da burin kulob din, kakar wasa da gasa ! rowspan="2" |Kungiyar ! rowspan="2" |Lokacin ! colspan="3" |Ƙungiyar ! colspan="2" |Kofin kasa{{Efn|Includes [[U.S. Open Cup]], [[Austrian Cup]], [[FA Cup]], [[DFB-Pokal]]}} ! colspan="2" |Kofin League{{Efn|Includes [[MLS Cup playoffs]], [[EFL Cup]]}} ! colspan="2" |Yankin nahiyar ! colspan="2" |Sauran ! colspan="2" |Jimillar |- !Rarraba !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin |- | rowspan="3" |Baitalami Karfe FC |2017 |USL |5 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |6 |0 |- |2018 |USL |16 |1 |2 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |18 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !21 !1 !3 !0 ! colspan="2" |- ! colspan="2" |- ! colspan="2" |- !24 !1 |- | rowspan="3" |Ƙungiyar Philadelphia |2019 |MLS |28 |3 |0 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |30 |3 |- |2020 |MLS |23 |4 | colspan="2" | - |1 |0 | colspan="2" | - |3{{Efn|Appearances in MLS is Back Tournament knockout stage}} |0 |27 |4 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !51 !7 ! colspan="2" |- !3 !0 ! colspan="2" |- !3 !0 !57 !7 |- | rowspan="3" |Red Bull Salzburg |2020–21<ref name="2020/2021" /> |Bundesliga ta Austriya |20 |5 |3 |2 | colspan="2" | - |2{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Europa League]]}} |0 | colspan="2" | - |25 |7 |- |2021–22 |Bundesliga ta Austriya |26 |4 |5 |0 | colspan="2" | - |10{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |2 | colspan="2" | - |41 |6 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !46 !9 !8 !2 ! colspan="2" |- !12 !2 ! colspan="2" |- !66 !13 |- | rowspan="4" |[[Leeds United F.C.|Leeds United]] |2022–23 |[[Premier League|Gasar Firimiya]] |36 |1 |4 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |40 |1 |- |2024–25 |Gasar cin kofin |46 |9 |0 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |47 |9 |- |2025–26 |Gasar Firimiya |34 |4 |4 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |39 |4 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !116 !14 !8 !0 !2 !0 ! colspan="2" |- ! colspan="2" |- !126 !14 |- |Union Berlin (rashin kuɗi) |2023–24 |Bundesliga |30 |2 |2 |0 | colspan="2" | - |6[f] |0 | colspan="2" | - |38 |2 |- ! colspan="3" |Cikakken aikinsa !264 !33 !21 !2 !5 !0 !18 !2 !3 !0 !311 !37 |} {{Reflist|group=lower-alpha}} === Kasa da kasa === {{Updated|match played March 31, 2026}}<ref>{{NFT|76742}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+Bayyanawa da burin ta ƙungiyar ƙasa da shekara !Ƙungiyar ƙasa !Shekara !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin |- | rowspan="7" |Amurka |2020 |2 |1 |- |2021 |13 |4 |- |2022 |13 |1 |- |2023 |10 |2 |- |2024 |9 |0 |- |2025 |9 |1 |- |2026 |1 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !57 !9 |} : ''Sakamakon Amurka da aka jera da farko, shafi na ci yana nuna ci bayan kowane burin Aaronson.''<ref name="soccerway">{{Cite web |title=Brenden Aaronson – Soccerway |url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/brenden--aaronson/490587/ |access-date=December 10, 2020}}</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" |+Manufofin kasa da kasa ta hanyar kwanan wata, wurin, murfin, abokin hamayyar, ci, sakamako da gasa ! scope="col" |A'a. ! scope="col" |Ranar ! scope="col" |Wurin da ake ciki ! scope="col" |Cap ! scope="col" |Abokin hamayya ! scope="col" |Sakamakon ! scope="col" |Sakamakon ! scope="col" |Gasar |- ! scope="row" |1 |9 ga Disamba, 2020 |Filin wasa na Inter Miami CF, Fort Lauderdale, Amurka | align="center" |2 |{{Fb|SLV}} | align="center" |6–0 | align="center" |6–0 |Abokantaka |- ! scope="row" |2 |Maris 25, 2021 |Gidan wasan Wiener Neustadt, Wiener Neugadt, Austria | align="center" |3 |{{Fb|JAM}} | align="center" |2–0 | align="center" |4–1 |Abokantaka |- ! scope="row" |3 |9 ga Yuni, 2021 |Filin wasa na Rio Tinto, Sandy, Amurka | align="center" |7 |{{Fb|CRC}} | align="center" |1–0 | align="center" |4–0 |Abokantaka |- ! scope="row" |4 |Satumba 5, 2021 |[[Nashville, Tennessee|Nashville]])" id="mwAwk" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Nissan Stadium (Nashville)">Filin wasa na Nissan, Nashville, Amurka | align="center" |9 |{{Fb|CAN}} | align="center" |1–0 | align="center" |1–1 |cancantar gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 2022 |- ! scope="row" |5 |Satumba 8, 2021 |Filin wasa na Metropolitano, San Pedro Sula, Honduras | align="center" |10 |{{Fb|HON}} | align="center" |3–1 | align="center" |4–1 |cancantar gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 2022 |- ! scope="row" |6 |Yuni 1, 2022 |Filin wasa na TQL, Cincinnati, Amurka | align="center" |19 |{{Fb|MAR}} | align="center" |1–0 | align="center" |3–0 |Abokantaka |- ! scope="row" |7 |Maris 24, 2023 |Filin wasa na Kirani James, St. George's, Grenada | align="center" |29 |{{Fb|GRN}} | align="center" |2–0 | align="center" |7–1 |2022-23 CONCACAF Nations League A |- ! scope="row" |8 |Satumba 12, 2023 |Filin Allianz, Saint Paul, Amurka | align="center" |34 |{{Fb|OMA}} | align="center" |2–0 | align="center" |4–0 |Abokantaka |- ! scope="row" |9 |Yuni 15, 2025 |PayPal Park, San Jose, Amurka | align="center" |49 |{{Fb|TRI}} | align="center" |4–0 | align="center" |5–0 |Kofin Zinare na CONCACAF na 2025 |} '''Ƙungiyar Philadelphia''' * Garkuwar Magoya baya: 2020 == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 2000]] nr8qf5q1x7x9dsgf8qkh16kzk4y0bnc 830103 830102 2026-05-05T10:41:13Z Sanusi Gado 9920 /* Kasa da kasa */ 830103 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Brenden Russell Aaronson''' (an haife shi a ranar 22 ga Oktoba, 2000) ƙwararren ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] ne na Amurka wanda ke buga tsakiya-ta-gaba ko kuma gaba-ta-gefe ge kungiyar Leeds United da kuma kungiyar kwallon kafa ta amurka == Rayuwa ta farko == Ya girma a Medford, New Jersey, Aaronson ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Shawnee na shekara guda kafin a zabe shi zuwa Kwalejin YSC ta Philadelphia Union, inda ya buga kwallon kafa kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare. A lokacin da yake a YSC Academy, Aaronson ya taka leda a kungiyoyin matasa na Union wasa kafin ya shiga Jami'ar Indiana kuma ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar mai son tare da Bethlehem Steel FC.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Matthew Ralph |date=November 20, 2017 |title=Brenden Aaronson verbally commits to Indiana University for 2019 |url=https://www.brotherlygame.com/2017/11/20/16671290/brenden-aaronson-philadelphia-union-indiana-university |access-date=January 1, 2020 |publisher=Brotherly Game}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Jonathan Tannenwald |date=August 21, 2018 |title=Medford's Brenden Aaronson is the Union's top prospect, and a genuine U.S. soccer playmaker |url=https://www.inquirer.com/philly/sports/soccer/brenden-aaronson-soccer-prospect-philadelphia-union-bethlehem-steel-20180821.html |access-date=January 1, 2020 |publisher=The Philadelphia Inquire}}</ref> == Wasannin kulob == === Bethlehem Steel === [[Fayil:Brenden_Aaronson.jpg|left|thumb|242x242px|Aaronson tare da Philadelphia Union a ranar 2 ga Maris, 2019.]] Aaronson ya bayyana a matsayin dan wasan makaranta da ke buga wa Bethlehem Steel FC a lokacin kakar 2017 bayan ya zo daga makarantar Philadelphia Union.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Philadelphia Union |url=http://phil.ussoccerda.com/sam/teams/index.php?team=1400696&player=28259855 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171113165303/http://phil.ussoccerda.com/sam/teams/index.php?team=1400696&player=28259855 |archive-date=November 13, 2017 |access-date=July 21, 2017 |website=phil.ussoccerda.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Brendan Aaronson |url=http://www.uslsoccer.com/brendan-aaronson |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170725004309/http://www.uslsoccer.com/brendan-aaronson |archive-date=July 25, 2017 |access-date=July 21, 2017}}</ref> A ranar 30 ga Satumba, 2017, Aaronson ya fara bugawa Steel FC wasa na farko a wasan da ya yi da Tampa Bay Rowdies.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Matthew Ralph |date=October 5, 2017 |title=South Jersey teens impress in first starts for Bethlehem Steel |url=https://www.brotherlygame.com/2017/10/5/16428392/south-jersey-teens-impress-in-first-starts-for-bethlehem-steel |access-date=January 1, 2020 |publisher=Brotherly Game}}</ref> Aaronson ya buga wasanni 21 ga Steel FC kuma ya zira kwallaye na farko ga kungiyar kwararrun na Atlanta United 2.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Matthew Ralph |date=July 30, 2018 |title=Three Steel players score first pro goals in 4-1 win over Atlanta United 2 |url=https://www.brotherlygame.com/2018/7/30/17629606/bethlehem-steel-players-score-first-pro-goals-in-4-1-win-over-atlanta-united-2 |access-date=January 1, 2020 |publisher=Brotherly Game}}</ref> === Ƙungiyar Philadelphia === A ranar 17 ga Satumba, 2018, an ba da sanarwar cewa Aaronson zai koma Ƙungiyar Philadelphia Union a farkon kakar 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=September 17, 2018 |title=Union Sign Midfielder Brenden Aaronson As Club's Sixth Current Homegrown Player &#124; Philadelphia Union |url=https://www.philadelphiaunion.com/post/2018/09/17/union-sign-midfielder-brenden-aaronson-club-s-sixth-current-homegrown-player |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180917215243/https://www.philadelphiaunion.com/post/2018/09/17/union-sign-midfielder-brenden-aaronson-club-s-sixth-current-homegrown-player |archive-date=September 17, 2018 |website=Philadelphia Union}}</ref> A ranar 17 ga watan Maris, 2019, dan wasan ya zira kwallaye na farko a wasan farko na MLS, inda ya taimaka wa Philadelphia ta yi kunnen doki da Atlanta United. Ana daukan shi a matsayin dan wasan ujila ga Union, raunuka da dakatarwar sun ba Aaronson damar farawa da fice a cikin tawagar farko a matsayin lamba 10 da kuma wasa a tsakiya zuwa hagu.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tansey |first=Joe |date=July 30, 2019 |title=Dream season continues for Philadelphia Union's Brenden Aaronson at Homegrown Game |url=https://www.prosoccerusa.com/mls/dream-season-continues-for-philadelphia-unions-brenden-aaronson-at-homegrown-game/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200101161955/https://www.prosoccerusa.com/mls/dream-season-continues-for-philadelphia-unions-brenden-aaronson-at-homegrown-game/ |archive-date=January 1, 2020 |access-date=January 1, 2020 |website=ProSoccerUSA}}</ref> A ƙarshen kakar wasa ta farko, Aaronson ya zo na biyu don lambar yabo ta yaron dan wasa na MLS na shekara ta 2019, da kwallaye uku da taimakon biyu a cikin minti 1,640 da ya buga. Aaronson shi ne dan wasa mafi ƙanƙanta daga cikin 'yan wasan da suka kai matakin karshe guda biyar.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ralph |first=Matthew |date=October 15, 2019 |title=Brenden Aaronson finishes second in Rookie of the Year award voting |url=https://www.brotherlygame.com/2019/10/15/20915621/brenden-aaronson-second-mls-rookie-of-the-year |website=Brotherly Game}}</ref> Shekarar 2020 ta zama shekara mai muhimmanci ga Aaronson wanda ya gama kakar wasa tare da wasanni 31 a duk faɗin gasa kuma ya zira kwallaye 4. Rawar da Aaronson ya taka a lokacin kakar ya ba shi kyaututtuka da yawa sun haɗa da kasancewa a cikin 2020 MLS Best XI don kakar wasa ta yau da kullun kuma kyautar ''MLS is Back Tournament'' . <ref name="2020MLSiBXI">{{Cite web |date=August 13, 2020 |title=MLS is Back Tournament Best XI presented by BODYARMOR |url=https://www.mlssoccer.com/mls-is-back-tournament/best-xi-presented-bodyarmor |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210217100922/https://www.mlssoccer.com/mls-is-back-tournament/best-xi-presented-bodyarmor |archive-date=February 17, 2021 |access-date=August 19, 2020 |website=MLSsoccer.com}}</ref><ref name="2020MLSXI">{{Cite web |date=November 20, 2020 |title=2020 MLS Best XI presented by Home Depot |url=https://www.mlssoccer.com/post/2019/11/20/2020-mls-best-xi |access-date=November 20, 2020 |website=MLSsoccer.com}}</ref> Kungiyar ta gama kakar wasa da mafi tarihin ta inda suka lashe kofinsu na farko, wato ''2020 Supporters' Shield''. === Red Bull Salzburg === [[Fayil:FC_RB_Salzburg_gegen_WSG_Tirol_(_mit_Meistertellerübergabe_22._Mai_2021)_15.jpg|left|thumb|242x242px|Aaronson tare da Red Bull Salzburg a cikin 2021.]] Bayan ci gaba da jita-jita, an sanar a ranar 16 ga Oktoba, 2020, cewa Aaronson zai koma Red Bull Salzburg daga watan Janairun 2021 bayan kakar MLS ta ƙare.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=FC Red Bull Salzburg - Welcome to Salzburg, Brenden Aaronson! |url=https://www.redbullsalzburg.at/en/fc-red-bull-salzburg/news/saison_2020_21/welcome-to-salzburg-brenden-aaronson.html |access-date=October 16, 2020 |website=redbulls |language=en}}</ref> Duk da yake ba a bayyana kuɗin sauya masa gurbi ba, Philadelphia ta ba da sanarwar cewa zai zama daga cikin siyayya mafi tsada ga dan wasan gida na Amurka a gasar MLS.<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 16, 2020 |title=Philadelphia Union Agree To Record-Breaking Transfer Of Homegrown Midfielder Brenden Aaronson to UEFA Champions League Club FC Red Bull Salzburg |url=https://www.philadelphiaunion.com/post/2020/10/16/philadelphia-union-agree-record-breaking-transfer-homegrown-midfielder-brenden |access-date=October 16, 2020 |website=Philadelphia Union}}</ref> Rahotanni na farko sun nuna cewa kuɗin ya kai dala miliyan 6 a gaba, tare da dala miliyan 3 a matsayin karin karfafawa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 16, 2020 |title=Aaronson joins FC Salzburg in record-breaking transfer |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/soccer-transfers/story/4209284/aaronson-joins-fc-salzburg-in-record-breaking-transfer-from-philadelphia-union |access-date=October 16, 2020 |website=ESPN}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=October 16, 2020 |title=Union sell Brenden Aaronson to Red Bull Salzburg for $6 million |url=https://www.inquirer.com/soccer/philadelphia-union-brenden-aaronson-transfer-fee-red-bull-salzburg-20201016.html |access-date=October 16, 2020 |website=Phila Inquirer}}</ref> Aaronson ya fara bugawa Salzburg wasa a ranar 25 ga watan Janairu, a matsayin mai canji a lokacin da suka yi nasara a kan Rheindorf Altach 2-0.<ref>{{Cite web |date=January 24, 2021 |title=Former Philadelphia Union teammates Brenden Aaronson, Mark McKenzie make European league debuts |url=https://www.mlssoccer.com/post/2021/01/24/former-philadelphia-union-teammates-brenden-aaronson-mark-mckenzie-make-european |access-date=January 25, 2021 |website=MLSsoccer.com}}</ref> [[Fayil:FC_RB_Salzburg_gegen_SK_Sturm_Graz_(24._Oktober_2021)_138.jpg|right|thumb|242x242px|Aaronson yayin wasan da Red Bull Salzburg a shekarar 2021.]] Aaronson ya zira kwallonsa na farko ga Salzburg a ranar 10 ga Fabrairu, 2021, inda ya zira kwallan da ya lashe wasan a lokacin da ya ci Austria Wien 3-1. <ref>{{Cite web |title=WATCH: Brenden Aaronson scores superb first Red Bull Salzburg goal &#124; MLSSoccer.com |url=https://www.mlssoccer.com/news/watch-brenden-aaronson-scores-superb-first-red-bull-salzburg-goal |website=mlssoccer}}</ref> A ranar 1 ga watan Mayu, ya lashe kyautar azurfa ta farko tare da Salzburg yayin da kulob din ya ci LASK a wasan karshe na gasar cin Kofin Austriya da 3-0.<ref name="ACW">{{Cite web |date=May 2, 2021 |title=U.S.'s Brenden Aaronson, Jesse Marsch lead Salzburg to Austrian Cup |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/fc-salzburg/story/4375188/uss-brenden-aaronsonjesse-marsch-lead-salzburg-to-austrian-cup |access-date=May 2, 2021 |website=ESPN}}</ref> Aaronson ya zira kwallo na biyu na wasan, kuma kwallonsa na biyar a duk gasa tun lokacin da ya tashi daga Philadelphia a watan Janairu.<ref name="ACW" /> === Leeds United === A ranar 26 ga Mayu, 2022, [[Leeds United F.C.|Leeds United]] ta sanar da sanya hannu don siyan Aaronson kan kwangila ta shekaru biyar, wanda ya fara a ranar 1 ga Yuli. <ref>{{Cite web |date=May 26, 2022 |title=Brenden Aaronson to join Leeds United |url=https://www.leedsunited.com/en/news/brenden-aaronson-to-join-leeds-united |access-date=May 26, 2022 |publisher=Leeds United F.C.}}</ref> Sky Sports ta ba da rahoton kuɗin siyayyar ya zama £ 24.7 miliyan.<ref>{{Cite web |date=May 26, 2022 |title=Leeds transfer news: Red Bull Salzburg midfielder Brenden Aaronson signs on a five-year deal |url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11715/12621990/leeds-transfer-news-red-bull-salzburg-midfielder-brenden-aaronson-signs-on-a-five-year-deal |access-date=May 26, 2022 |website=Sky Sports}}</ref> Ya fara buga wasan farko a Leeds a cikin 'yan wasa masu fara wasa goma sha ɗaya a farkon kakar a ranar 6 ga watan Agusta, tare da nasarar 2-1 a gida a kan Wolverhampton Wanderers . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Unwin |first=Will |date=August 6, 2022 |title=Brenden Aaronson inspires Leeds to comeback victory over Wolves |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2022/aug/06/leeds-wolves-premier-league-match-report |access-date=August 7, 2022 |website=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> A ranar 21 ga watan Agusta, Aaronson ya zira kwallonsa na farko a Premier League bayan ya tilasta kuskure daga mai tsaron gidan [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]] [[Édouard Mendy]] a cikin nasarar 3-0 a gida a kan abokan hamayya Chelsea, ya taimaka wa Leeds samun nasarar farko a kan Blues na tsawon shekaru 20.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Magowan |first=Alistair |date=August 21, 2022 |title=Leeds United 3–0 Chelsea: Hosts dominate at Elland Road to continue unbeaten start |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/62537747 |access-date=August 21, 2022 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> ==== Aro zuwa Union Berlin ==== A ranar 9 ga watan Yulin 2023, bayan da aka cire Leeds daga Premier League, Aaronson ya koma kungiyar Bundesliga Union Berlin a kan aro don kakar 2023-24.<ref>{{Cite web |date=July 9, 2023 |title=Brenden Aaronson joins Union Berlin on loan from Leeds United |url=https://www.bundesliga.com/en/bundesliga/news/brenden-aaronson-joins-union-berlin-on-loan-from-leeds-united-23950 |access-date=July 9, 2023 |website=bundesliga.com - the official Bundesliga website |language=en}}</ref> ==== Komawa Leeds ==== [[Fayil:Brenden_Aaronson_13092025_(4).jpg|left|thumb|242x242px|Aaronson ya sanya hannu bayan wasan da [[Leeds United F.C.|Leeds United]] ta yi da Fulham a ranar 13 ga Satumba 2025.]] Aaronson ya dawo Elland Road don kakar 2024-25, inda ya taka leda na musamman a wasansa biyar a watan Agusta, wanda ya zira kwallaye sau biyu a wasanni biyu, gami da kwallon da yaci na kunnen doki bayan karin lokacin tashi a wasan farko na gida na 3-3 a kan Portsmouth. <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 10, 2024 |title=Leeds 3–3 Portsmouth |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/live/cy7686y1k44t |access-date=September 14, 2024 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> Kwallaye biyu da ya ci tare da taimakonsa sun ba shi kyautar Dan Wasan JD Sports na Wata na watan Agusta 2024. <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 13, 2024 |title=Brenden Aaronson voted JD Sports Player of the Month for August |url=https://www.leedsunited.com/en/news/brenden-aaronson-voted-jd-sports-player-of-the-month-for-august |access-date=August 14, 2024 |website=leedsunited.com}}</ref> Aaronson ya gama kakar 2024-25 tare da kwallaye tara, ya kara da taimakon biyu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brenden Aaronson Stats, Goals, Records, Assists, Cups and more |url=https://fbref.com/en/players/5bc43860/Brenden-Aaronson |access-date=May 9, 2025 |website=FBref.com |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 21 ga Afrilu, 2025, an sake dawo da Aaronson zuwa Premier League tare da Leeds bayan nasarar 6-0 a kan Stoke City a Elland Road da Sheffield United ta 2-1 a Burnley a Turf Moor. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Leeds United 6-0 Stoke City: Whites earn thumping win as they go on to win promotion |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/live/c62glk7vn2gt |access-date=May 9, 2025 |website=BBC Sport |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Burnley 2-1 Sheffield United: Clarets promoted along with Leeds |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/live/cvg70ljnn2gt |access-date=May 9, 2025 |website=BBC Sport |language=en-GB}}</ref> A ranar 3 ga watan Mayu, Aaronson ya lashe gasar cin kofin EFL tare da Leeds bayan nasarar 2-1 ga tawagar Plymouth Argyle a Home Park . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Plymouth Argyle 1-2 Leeds United: Leeds win Championship title as Pilgrims are relegated |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/live/c14xy52vg71t |access-date=May 9, 2025 |website=BBC Sport |language=en-GB}}</ref> A ranar 7 ga watan Janairun 2026, Aaronson ya zira kwallaye na farko tare da Leeds United a rashin nasara da suka yi na 4-3 ga [[Newcastle United FC|Newcastle]] a St James' Park . == Wasan kasa da kasa == [[Fayil:Brenden_Aaronson_USMNT_v_Portugal_Mar_31_2026-245.jpg|thumb|Aaronson tare da Amurka a cikin 2026]] Bayan ya taka leda na musamman a matsayin sabon karamin dan wasa, Aaronson ya karbi kira na farko zuwa Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta maza ta Amurka a watan Oktoba 2019 don wasannin CONCACAF Nations League tare da Cuba da Kanada. Bai sami kwallo a kowane wasa ba.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brenden Aaronson &#124; USMNT &#124; U.S. Soccer Official Site |url=https://www.ussoccer.com/players/a/brenden-aaronson |website=ussoccer.com}}</ref> Aaronson ya sami kira na biyu zuwa babbar kungiyar don sansanin Janairu 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jonathan Tannenwald |date=December 30, 2019 |title=Union's Brenden Aaronson, Mark McKenzie on first USMNT roster of 2020 |url=https://www.inquirer.com/soccer/usmnt-january-camp-2020-roster-qatar-brenden-aaronson-mark-mckenzie-philadelphia-union-20191230.html |access-date=January 1, 2020 |website=The Philadelphia Inquirer}}</ref> Aaronson ya sami cikakken wasa a karo na farko a nasarar 1-0 a kan Costa Rica . Daga baya a wannan shekarar, Aaronson ya zira kwallo na farko na kasa da kasa a lokacin da ya ci El Salvador 6-0 a watan Disamba na shekarar 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 9, 2020 |title=Brenden Aaronson scores first USMNT goal in 6-0 rout of El Salvador |url=https://www.inquirer.com/soccer/usmnt-el-salvador-brenden-aaronson-chris-mueller-20201209.html |access-date=December 11, 2020 |website=The Philadelphia Inquirer}}</ref> An shigar da Aaronson a cikin tawagar mutum 26 na [[Kofin Duniya na FIFA 2022|Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta FIFA ta 2022]], ya buga duka wasanni rukuni guda uku.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Keh |first=Andrew |date=November 9, 2022 |title=U.S. Announces a World Cup Roster Shaped by a Wholesale Turnover |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/09/sports/soccer/us-world-cup-roster.html |access-date=November 29, 2022 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Fisher |first=Ben |date=November 21, 2022 |title=Gareth Bale's penalty rescues point for Wales in World Cup opener with USA |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2022/nov/21/gareth-bales-penalty-rescues-point-for-wales-in-world-cup-opener-with-usa |access-date=November 29, 2022 |website=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Hytner |first=David |date=November 25, 2022 |title=Edgy England on verge of World Cup last 16 after fortunate draw with USA |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2022/nov/25/england-usa-world-cup-group-b-match-report |access-date=November 29, 2022 |website=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ames |first=Nick |date=November 29, 2022 |title=Christian Pulisic strike guides USA past Iran to set up Netherlands meeting |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2022/nov/29/iran-usa-world-cup-group-b-match-report |access-date=November 29, 2022 |website=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> == Rayuwarsa == Yayansa [[Paxten Aaronson]] shi ma kwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne kuma yana buga wa kungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Major League Colorado Rapids. <ref>{{Cite web |date=May 17, 2022 |title=The amazing Aaronsons: Brenden, Paxten and their parents on being U.S. soccer's next big hopes |url=https://www.espn.co.uk/football/story/_/id/37628505/brenden-paxten-their-parents-being-us-soccer-next-big-hopes |access-date=October 16, 2025 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}</ref> Rawar da Aaronson ya taka a Philadelphia Union da Red Bull Salzburg sun ba shi laƙabi na "Medford Messi", wani nau'i wanda ke nufin wurin haihuwarsa kuma ana kwatanta shi da ɗan wasan Argentina [[Messi|Lionel Messi]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=August 4, 2021 |title=Brenden Aaronson, aka "The Medford Messi" Scores Game Winner Against Barcelona |url=https://www.crossingbroad.com/2021/08/brenden-aaronson-aka-the-medford-messi-scores-game-winner-against-barcelona.html |access-date=August 5, 2021 |website=Crossing Broad |language=en-US}}</ref> Shi mai sha'awar San Francisco 49ers ne, saboda mahaifinsa ya fito ne daga Sacramento. An saka masa rana da Milana D'Ambra a watan Agustan shekara ta 2024. == Kididdigar aiki == === Kungiyar === {{Updated|match played May 1, 2026}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+Bayyanawa da burin kulob din, kakar wasa da gasa ! rowspan="2" |Kungiyar ! rowspan="2" |Lokacin ! colspan="3" |Ƙungiyar ! colspan="2" |Kofin kasa{{Efn|Includes [[U.S. Open Cup]], [[Austrian Cup]], [[FA Cup]], [[DFB-Pokal]]}} ! colspan="2" |Kofin League{{Efn|Includes [[MLS Cup playoffs]], [[EFL Cup]]}} ! colspan="2" |Yankin nahiyar ! colspan="2" |Sauran ! colspan="2" |Jimillar |- !Rarraba !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin |- | rowspan="3" |Baitalami Karfe FC |2017 |USL |5 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |6 |0 |- |2018 |USL |16 |1 |2 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |18 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !21 !1 !3 !0 ! colspan="2" |- ! colspan="2" |- ! colspan="2" |- !24 !1 |- | rowspan="3" |Ƙungiyar Philadelphia |2019 |MLS |28 |3 |0 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |30 |3 |- |2020 |MLS |23 |4 | colspan="2" | - |1 |0 | colspan="2" | - |3{{Efn|Appearances in MLS is Back Tournament knockout stage}} |0 |27 |4 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !51 !7 ! colspan="2" |- !3 !0 ! colspan="2" |- !3 !0 !57 !7 |- | rowspan="3" |Red Bull Salzburg |2020–21<ref name="2020/2021" /> |Bundesliga ta Austriya |20 |5 |3 |2 | colspan="2" | - |2{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Europa League]]}} |0 | colspan="2" | - |25 |7 |- |2021–22 |Bundesliga ta Austriya |26 |4 |5 |0 | colspan="2" | - |10{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |2 | colspan="2" | - |41 |6 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !46 !9 !8 !2 ! colspan="2" |- !12 !2 ! colspan="2" |- !66 !13 |- | rowspan="4" |[[Leeds United F.C.|Leeds United]] |2022–23 |[[Premier League|Gasar Firimiya]] |36 |1 |4 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |40 |1 |- |2024–25 |Gasar cin kofin |46 |9 |0 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |47 |9 |- |2025–26 |Gasar Firimiya |34 |4 |4 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |39 |4 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !116 !14 !8 !0 !2 !0 ! colspan="2" |- ! colspan="2" |- !126 !14 |- |Union Berlin (rashin kuɗi) |2023–24 |Bundesliga |30 |2 |2 |0 | colspan="2" | - |6[f] |0 | colspan="2" | - |38 |2 |- ! colspan="3" |Cikakken aikinsa !264 !33 !21 !2 !5 !0 !18 !2 !3 !0 !311 !37 |} {{Reflist|group=lower-alpha}} === Kasa da kasa === {{Updated|match played March 31, 2026}}<ref>{{NFT|76742}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+Bayyanawa da burin ta ƙungiyar ƙasa da shekara !Ƙungiyar ƙasa !Shekara !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin |- | rowspan="7" |Amurka |2020 |2 |1 |- |2021 |13 |4 |- |2022 |13 |1 |- |2023 |10 |2 |- |2024 |9 |0 |- |2025 |9 |1 |- |2026 |1 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !57 !9 |} : ''Sakamakon Amurka da aka jera da farko, shafi na ci yana nuna ci bayan kowane burin Aaronson.''<ref name="soccerway">{{Cite web |title=Brenden Aaronson – Soccerway |url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/brenden--aaronson/490587/ |access-date=December 10, 2020}}</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" |+Manufofin kasa da kasa ta hanyar kwanan wata, wurin, murfin, abokin hamayyar, ci, sakamako da gasa ! scope="col" |A'a. ! scope="col" |Ranar ! scope="col" |Wurin da ake ciki ! scope="col" |Cap ! scope="col" |Abokin hamayya ! scope="col" |Sakamakon ! scope="col" |Sakamakon ! scope="col" |Gasar |- ! scope="row" |1 |9 ga Disamba, 2020 |Filin wasa na Inter Miami CF, Fort Lauderdale, Amurka | align="center" |2 | El Salvador | align="center" |6–0 | align="center" |6–0 |Abokantaka |- ! scope="row" |2 |Maris 25, 2021 |Gidan wasan Wiener Neustadt, Wiener Neugadt, Austria | align="center" |3 |Jamaica | align="center" |2–0 | align="center" |4–1 |Abokantaka |- ! scope="row" |3 |9 ga Yuni, 2021 |Filin wasa na Rio Tinto, Sandy, Amurka | align="center" |7 |{{Fb|CRC}} | align="center" |1–0 | align="center" |4–0 |Abokantaka |- ! scope="row" |4 |Satumba 5, 2021 |[[Nashville, Tennessee|Nashville]])" id="mwAwk" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Nissan Stadium (Nashville)">Filin wasa na Nissan, Nashville, Amurka | align="center" |9 |Canada | align="center" |1–0 | align="center" |1–1 |cancantar gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 2022 |- ! scope="row" |5 |Satumba 8, 2021 |Filin wasa na Metropolitano, San Pedro Sula, Honduras | align="center" |10 |Honduras | align="center" |3–1 | align="center" |4–1 |cancantar gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 2022 |- ! scope="row" |6 |Yuni 1, 2022 |Filin wasa na TQL, Cincinnati, Amurka | align="center" |19 |{{Fb|MAR}} | align="center" |1–0 | align="center" |3–0 |Abokantaka |- ! scope="row" |7 |Maris 24, 2023 |Filin wasa na Kirani James, St. George's, Grenada | align="center" |29 |Grenada | align="center" |2–0 | align="center" |7–1 |2022-23 CONCACAF Nations League A |- ! scope="row" |8 |Satumba 12, 2023 |Filin Allianz, Saint Paul, Amurka | align="center" |34 |Oman | align="center" |2–0 | align="center" |4–0 |Abokantaka |- ! scope="row" |9 |Yuni 15, 2025 |PayPal Park, San Jose, Amurka | align="center" |49 |{{Fb|TRI}} | align="center" |4–0 | align="center" |5–0 |Kofin Zinare na CONCACAF na 2025 |} '''Ƙungiyar Philadelphia''' * Garkuwar Magoya baya: 2020 == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 2000]] 52bzt03vsehwnca19zl7qhzl4hxd66y 830104 830103 2026-05-05T10:44:29Z Sanusi Gado 9920 /* Kididdigar aiki */ 830104 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Brenden Russell Aaronson''' (an haife shi a ranar 22 ga Oktoba, 2000) ƙwararren ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] ne na Amurka wanda ke buga tsakiya-ta-gaba ko kuma gaba-ta-gefe ge kungiyar Leeds United da kuma kungiyar kwallon kafa ta amurka == Rayuwa ta farko == Ya girma a Medford, New Jersey, Aaronson ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Shawnee na shekara guda kafin a zabe shi zuwa Kwalejin YSC ta Philadelphia Union, inda ya buga kwallon kafa kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare. A lokacin da yake a YSC Academy, Aaronson ya taka leda a kungiyoyin matasa na Union wasa kafin ya shiga Jami'ar Indiana kuma ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar mai son tare da Bethlehem Steel FC.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Matthew Ralph |date=November 20, 2017 |title=Brenden Aaronson verbally commits to Indiana University for 2019 |url=https://www.brotherlygame.com/2017/11/20/16671290/brenden-aaronson-philadelphia-union-indiana-university |access-date=January 1, 2020 |publisher=Brotherly Game}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Jonathan Tannenwald |date=August 21, 2018 |title=Medford's Brenden Aaronson is the Union's top prospect, and a genuine U.S. soccer playmaker |url=https://www.inquirer.com/philly/sports/soccer/brenden-aaronson-soccer-prospect-philadelphia-union-bethlehem-steel-20180821.html |access-date=January 1, 2020 |publisher=The Philadelphia Inquire}}</ref> == Wasannin kulob == === Bethlehem Steel === [[Fayil:Brenden_Aaronson.jpg|left|thumb|242x242px|Aaronson tare da Philadelphia Union a ranar 2 ga Maris, 2019.]] Aaronson ya bayyana a matsayin dan wasan makaranta da ke buga wa Bethlehem Steel FC a lokacin kakar 2017 bayan ya zo daga makarantar Philadelphia Union.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Philadelphia Union |url=http://phil.ussoccerda.com/sam/teams/index.php?team=1400696&player=28259855 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171113165303/http://phil.ussoccerda.com/sam/teams/index.php?team=1400696&player=28259855 |archive-date=November 13, 2017 |access-date=July 21, 2017 |website=phil.ussoccerda.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Brendan Aaronson |url=http://www.uslsoccer.com/brendan-aaronson |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170725004309/http://www.uslsoccer.com/brendan-aaronson |archive-date=July 25, 2017 |access-date=July 21, 2017}}</ref> A ranar 30 ga Satumba, 2017, Aaronson ya fara bugawa Steel FC wasa na farko a wasan da ya yi da Tampa Bay Rowdies.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Matthew Ralph |date=October 5, 2017 |title=South Jersey teens impress in first starts for Bethlehem Steel |url=https://www.brotherlygame.com/2017/10/5/16428392/south-jersey-teens-impress-in-first-starts-for-bethlehem-steel |access-date=January 1, 2020 |publisher=Brotherly Game}}</ref> Aaronson ya buga wasanni 21 ga Steel FC kuma ya zira kwallaye na farko ga kungiyar kwararrun na Atlanta United 2.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Matthew Ralph |date=July 30, 2018 |title=Three Steel players score first pro goals in 4-1 win over Atlanta United 2 |url=https://www.brotherlygame.com/2018/7/30/17629606/bethlehem-steel-players-score-first-pro-goals-in-4-1-win-over-atlanta-united-2 |access-date=January 1, 2020 |publisher=Brotherly Game}}</ref> === Ƙungiyar Philadelphia === A ranar 17 ga Satumba, 2018, an ba da sanarwar cewa Aaronson zai koma Ƙungiyar Philadelphia Union a farkon kakar 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=September 17, 2018 |title=Union Sign Midfielder Brenden Aaronson As Club's Sixth Current Homegrown Player &#124; Philadelphia Union |url=https://www.philadelphiaunion.com/post/2018/09/17/union-sign-midfielder-brenden-aaronson-club-s-sixth-current-homegrown-player |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180917215243/https://www.philadelphiaunion.com/post/2018/09/17/union-sign-midfielder-brenden-aaronson-club-s-sixth-current-homegrown-player |archive-date=September 17, 2018 |website=Philadelphia Union}}</ref> A ranar 17 ga watan Maris, 2019, dan wasan ya zira kwallaye na farko a wasan farko na MLS, inda ya taimaka wa Philadelphia ta yi kunnen doki da Atlanta United. Ana daukan shi a matsayin dan wasan ujila ga Union, raunuka da dakatarwar sun ba Aaronson damar farawa da fice a cikin tawagar farko a matsayin lamba 10 da kuma wasa a tsakiya zuwa hagu.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tansey |first=Joe |date=July 30, 2019 |title=Dream season continues for Philadelphia Union's Brenden Aaronson at Homegrown Game |url=https://www.prosoccerusa.com/mls/dream-season-continues-for-philadelphia-unions-brenden-aaronson-at-homegrown-game/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200101161955/https://www.prosoccerusa.com/mls/dream-season-continues-for-philadelphia-unions-brenden-aaronson-at-homegrown-game/ |archive-date=January 1, 2020 |access-date=January 1, 2020 |website=ProSoccerUSA}}</ref> A ƙarshen kakar wasa ta farko, Aaronson ya zo na biyu don lambar yabo ta yaron dan wasa na MLS na shekara ta 2019, da kwallaye uku da taimakon biyu a cikin minti 1,640 da ya buga. Aaronson shi ne dan wasa mafi ƙanƙanta daga cikin 'yan wasan da suka kai matakin karshe guda biyar.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ralph |first=Matthew |date=October 15, 2019 |title=Brenden Aaronson finishes second in Rookie of the Year award voting |url=https://www.brotherlygame.com/2019/10/15/20915621/brenden-aaronson-second-mls-rookie-of-the-year |website=Brotherly Game}}</ref> Shekarar 2020 ta zama shekara mai muhimmanci ga Aaronson wanda ya gama kakar wasa tare da wasanni 31 a duk faɗin gasa kuma ya zira kwallaye 4. Rawar da Aaronson ya taka a lokacin kakar ya ba shi kyaututtuka da yawa sun haɗa da kasancewa a cikin 2020 MLS Best XI don kakar wasa ta yau da kullun kuma kyautar ''MLS is Back Tournament'' . <ref name="2020MLSiBXI">{{Cite web |date=August 13, 2020 |title=MLS is Back Tournament Best XI presented by BODYARMOR |url=https://www.mlssoccer.com/mls-is-back-tournament/best-xi-presented-bodyarmor |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210217100922/https://www.mlssoccer.com/mls-is-back-tournament/best-xi-presented-bodyarmor |archive-date=February 17, 2021 |access-date=August 19, 2020 |website=MLSsoccer.com}}</ref><ref name="2020MLSXI">{{Cite web |date=November 20, 2020 |title=2020 MLS Best XI presented by Home Depot |url=https://www.mlssoccer.com/post/2019/11/20/2020-mls-best-xi |access-date=November 20, 2020 |website=MLSsoccer.com}}</ref> Kungiyar ta gama kakar wasa da mafi tarihin ta inda suka lashe kofinsu na farko, wato ''2020 Supporters' Shield''. === Red Bull Salzburg === [[Fayil:FC_RB_Salzburg_gegen_WSG_Tirol_(_mit_Meistertellerübergabe_22._Mai_2021)_15.jpg|left|thumb|242x242px|Aaronson tare da Red Bull Salzburg a cikin 2021.]] Bayan ci gaba da jita-jita, an sanar a ranar 16 ga Oktoba, 2020, cewa Aaronson zai koma Red Bull Salzburg daga watan Janairun 2021 bayan kakar MLS ta ƙare.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=FC Red Bull Salzburg - Welcome to Salzburg, Brenden Aaronson! |url=https://www.redbullsalzburg.at/en/fc-red-bull-salzburg/news/saison_2020_21/welcome-to-salzburg-brenden-aaronson.html |access-date=October 16, 2020 |website=redbulls |language=en}}</ref> Duk da yake ba a bayyana kuɗin sauya masa gurbi ba, Philadelphia ta ba da sanarwar cewa zai zama daga cikin siyayya mafi tsada ga dan wasan gida na Amurka a gasar MLS.<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 16, 2020 |title=Philadelphia Union Agree To Record-Breaking Transfer Of Homegrown Midfielder Brenden Aaronson to UEFA Champions League Club FC Red Bull Salzburg |url=https://www.philadelphiaunion.com/post/2020/10/16/philadelphia-union-agree-record-breaking-transfer-homegrown-midfielder-brenden |access-date=October 16, 2020 |website=Philadelphia Union}}</ref> Rahotanni na farko sun nuna cewa kuɗin ya kai dala miliyan 6 a gaba, tare da dala miliyan 3 a matsayin karin karfafawa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 16, 2020 |title=Aaronson joins FC Salzburg in record-breaking transfer |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/soccer-transfers/story/4209284/aaronson-joins-fc-salzburg-in-record-breaking-transfer-from-philadelphia-union |access-date=October 16, 2020 |website=ESPN}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=October 16, 2020 |title=Union sell Brenden Aaronson to Red Bull Salzburg for $6 million |url=https://www.inquirer.com/soccer/philadelphia-union-brenden-aaronson-transfer-fee-red-bull-salzburg-20201016.html |access-date=October 16, 2020 |website=Phila Inquirer}}</ref> Aaronson ya fara bugawa Salzburg wasa a ranar 25 ga watan Janairu, a matsayin mai canji a lokacin da suka yi nasara a kan Rheindorf Altach 2-0.<ref>{{Cite web |date=January 24, 2021 |title=Former Philadelphia Union teammates Brenden Aaronson, Mark McKenzie make European league debuts |url=https://www.mlssoccer.com/post/2021/01/24/former-philadelphia-union-teammates-brenden-aaronson-mark-mckenzie-make-european |access-date=January 25, 2021 |website=MLSsoccer.com}}</ref> [[Fayil:FC_RB_Salzburg_gegen_SK_Sturm_Graz_(24._Oktober_2021)_138.jpg|right|thumb|242x242px|Aaronson yayin wasan da Red Bull Salzburg a shekarar 2021.]] Aaronson ya zira kwallonsa na farko ga Salzburg a ranar 10 ga Fabrairu, 2021, inda ya zira kwallan da ya lashe wasan a lokacin da ya ci Austria Wien 3-1. <ref>{{Cite web |title=WATCH: Brenden Aaronson scores superb first Red Bull Salzburg goal &#124; MLSSoccer.com |url=https://www.mlssoccer.com/news/watch-brenden-aaronson-scores-superb-first-red-bull-salzburg-goal |website=mlssoccer}}</ref> A ranar 1 ga watan Mayu, ya lashe kyautar azurfa ta farko tare da Salzburg yayin da kulob din ya ci LASK a wasan karshe na gasar cin Kofin Austriya da 3-0.<ref name="ACW">{{Cite web |date=May 2, 2021 |title=U.S.'s Brenden Aaronson, Jesse Marsch lead Salzburg to Austrian Cup |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/fc-salzburg/story/4375188/uss-brenden-aaronsonjesse-marsch-lead-salzburg-to-austrian-cup |access-date=May 2, 2021 |website=ESPN}}</ref> Aaronson ya zira kwallo na biyu na wasan, kuma kwallonsa na biyar a duk gasa tun lokacin da ya tashi daga Philadelphia a watan Janairu.<ref name="ACW" /> === Leeds United === A ranar 26 ga Mayu, 2022, [[Leeds United F.C.|Leeds United]] ta sanar da sanya hannu don siyan Aaronson kan kwangila ta shekaru biyar, wanda ya fara a ranar 1 ga Yuli. <ref>{{Cite web |date=May 26, 2022 |title=Brenden Aaronson to join Leeds United |url=https://www.leedsunited.com/en/news/brenden-aaronson-to-join-leeds-united |access-date=May 26, 2022 |publisher=Leeds United F.C.}}</ref> Sky Sports ta ba da rahoton kuɗin siyayyar ya zama £ 24.7 miliyan.<ref>{{Cite web |date=May 26, 2022 |title=Leeds transfer news: Red Bull Salzburg midfielder Brenden Aaronson signs on a five-year deal |url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11715/12621990/leeds-transfer-news-red-bull-salzburg-midfielder-brenden-aaronson-signs-on-a-five-year-deal |access-date=May 26, 2022 |website=Sky Sports}}</ref> Ya fara buga wasan farko a Leeds a cikin 'yan wasa masu fara wasa goma sha ɗaya a farkon kakar a ranar 6 ga watan Agusta, tare da nasarar 2-1 a gida a kan Wolverhampton Wanderers . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Unwin |first=Will |date=August 6, 2022 |title=Brenden Aaronson inspires Leeds to comeback victory over Wolves |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2022/aug/06/leeds-wolves-premier-league-match-report |access-date=August 7, 2022 |website=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> A ranar 21 ga watan Agusta, Aaronson ya zira kwallonsa na farko a Premier League bayan ya tilasta kuskure daga mai tsaron gidan [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]] [[Édouard Mendy]] a cikin nasarar 3-0 a gida a kan abokan hamayya Chelsea, ya taimaka wa Leeds samun nasarar farko a kan Blues na tsawon shekaru 20.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Magowan |first=Alistair |date=August 21, 2022 |title=Leeds United 3–0 Chelsea: Hosts dominate at Elland Road to continue unbeaten start |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/62537747 |access-date=August 21, 2022 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> ==== Aro zuwa Union Berlin ==== A ranar 9 ga watan Yulin 2023, bayan da aka cire Leeds daga Premier League, Aaronson ya koma kungiyar Bundesliga Union Berlin a kan aro don kakar 2023-24.<ref>{{Cite web |date=July 9, 2023 |title=Brenden Aaronson joins Union Berlin on loan from Leeds United |url=https://www.bundesliga.com/en/bundesliga/news/brenden-aaronson-joins-union-berlin-on-loan-from-leeds-united-23950 |access-date=July 9, 2023 |website=bundesliga.com - the official Bundesliga website |language=en}}</ref> ==== Komawa Leeds ==== [[Fayil:Brenden_Aaronson_13092025_(4).jpg|left|thumb|242x242px|Aaronson ya sanya hannu bayan wasan da [[Leeds United F.C.|Leeds United]] ta yi da Fulham a ranar 13 ga Satumba 2025.]] Aaronson ya dawo Elland Road don kakar 2024-25, inda ya taka leda na musamman a wasansa biyar a watan Agusta, wanda ya zira kwallaye sau biyu a wasanni biyu, gami da kwallon da yaci na kunnen doki bayan karin lokacin tashi a wasan farko na gida na 3-3 a kan Portsmouth. <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 10, 2024 |title=Leeds 3–3 Portsmouth |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/live/cy7686y1k44t |access-date=September 14, 2024 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> Kwallaye biyu da ya ci tare da taimakonsa sun ba shi kyautar Dan Wasan JD Sports na Wata na watan Agusta 2024. <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 13, 2024 |title=Brenden Aaronson voted JD Sports Player of the Month for August |url=https://www.leedsunited.com/en/news/brenden-aaronson-voted-jd-sports-player-of-the-month-for-august |access-date=August 14, 2024 |website=leedsunited.com}}</ref> Aaronson ya gama kakar 2024-25 tare da kwallaye tara, ya kara da taimakon biyu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brenden Aaronson Stats, Goals, Records, Assists, Cups and more |url=https://fbref.com/en/players/5bc43860/Brenden-Aaronson |access-date=May 9, 2025 |website=FBref.com |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 21 ga Afrilu, 2025, an sake dawo da Aaronson zuwa Premier League tare da Leeds bayan nasarar 6-0 a kan Stoke City a Elland Road da Sheffield United ta 2-1 a Burnley a Turf Moor. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Leeds United 6-0 Stoke City: Whites earn thumping win as they go on to win promotion |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/live/c62glk7vn2gt |access-date=May 9, 2025 |website=BBC Sport |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Burnley 2-1 Sheffield United: Clarets promoted along with Leeds |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/live/cvg70ljnn2gt |access-date=May 9, 2025 |website=BBC Sport |language=en-GB}}</ref> A ranar 3 ga watan Mayu, Aaronson ya lashe gasar cin kofin EFL tare da Leeds bayan nasarar 2-1 ga tawagar Plymouth Argyle a Home Park . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Plymouth Argyle 1-2 Leeds United: Leeds win Championship title as Pilgrims are relegated |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/live/c14xy52vg71t |access-date=May 9, 2025 |website=BBC Sport |language=en-GB}}</ref> A ranar 7 ga watan Janairun 2026, Aaronson ya zira kwallaye na farko tare da Leeds United a rashin nasara da suka yi na 4-3 ga [[Newcastle United FC|Newcastle]] a St James' Park . == Wasan kasa da kasa == [[Fayil:Brenden_Aaronson_USMNT_v_Portugal_Mar_31_2026-245.jpg|thumb|Aaronson tare da Amurka a cikin 2026]] Bayan ya taka leda na musamman a matsayin sabon karamin dan wasa, Aaronson ya karbi kira na farko zuwa Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta maza ta Amurka a watan Oktoba 2019 don wasannin CONCACAF Nations League tare da Cuba da Kanada. Bai sami kwallo a kowane wasa ba.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brenden Aaronson &#124; USMNT &#124; U.S. Soccer Official Site |url=https://www.ussoccer.com/players/a/brenden-aaronson |website=ussoccer.com}}</ref> Aaronson ya sami kira na biyu zuwa babbar kungiyar don sansanin Janairu 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jonathan Tannenwald |date=December 30, 2019 |title=Union's Brenden Aaronson, Mark McKenzie on first USMNT roster of 2020 |url=https://www.inquirer.com/soccer/usmnt-january-camp-2020-roster-qatar-brenden-aaronson-mark-mckenzie-philadelphia-union-20191230.html |access-date=January 1, 2020 |website=The Philadelphia Inquirer}}</ref> Aaronson ya sami cikakken wasa a karo na farko a nasarar 1-0 a kan Costa Rica . Daga baya a wannan shekarar, Aaronson ya zira kwallo na farko na kasa da kasa a lokacin da ya ci El Salvador 6-0 a watan Disamba na shekarar 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 9, 2020 |title=Brenden Aaronson scores first USMNT goal in 6-0 rout of El Salvador |url=https://www.inquirer.com/soccer/usmnt-el-salvador-brenden-aaronson-chris-mueller-20201209.html |access-date=December 11, 2020 |website=The Philadelphia Inquirer}}</ref> An shigar da Aaronson a cikin tawagar mutum 26 na [[Kofin Duniya na FIFA 2022|Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta FIFA ta 2022]], ya buga duka wasanni rukuni guda uku.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Keh |first=Andrew |date=November 9, 2022 |title=U.S. Announces a World Cup Roster Shaped by a Wholesale Turnover |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/09/sports/soccer/us-world-cup-roster.html |access-date=November 29, 2022 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Fisher |first=Ben |date=November 21, 2022 |title=Gareth Bale's penalty rescues point for Wales in World Cup opener with USA |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2022/nov/21/gareth-bales-penalty-rescues-point-for-wales-in-world-cup-opener-with-usa |access-date=November 29, 2022 |website=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Hytner |first=David |date=November 25, 2022 |title=Edgy England on verge of World Cup last 16 after fortunate draw with USA |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2022/nov/25/england-usa-world-cup-group-b-match-report |access-date=November 29, 2022 |website=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ames |first=Nick |date=November 29, 2022 |title=Christian Pulisic strike guides USA past Iran to set up Netherlands meeting |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2022/nov/29/iran-usa-world-cup-group-b-match-report |access-date=November 29, 2022 |website=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> == Rayuwarsa == Yayansa [[Paxten Aaronson]] shi ma kwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne kuma yana buga wa kungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Major League Colorado Rapids. <ref>{{Cite web |date=May 17, 2022 |title=The amazing Aaronsons: Brenden, Paxten and their parents on being U.S. soccer's next big hopes |url=https://www.espn.co.uk/football/story/_/id/37628505/brenden-paxten-their-parents-being-us-soccer-next-big-hopes |access-date=October 16, 2025 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}</ref> Rawar da Aaronson ya taka a Philadelphia Union da Red Bull Salzburg sun ba shi laƙabi na "Medford Messi", wani nau'i wanda ke nufin wurin haihuwarsa kuma ana kwatanta shi da ɗan wasan Argentina [[Messi|Lionel Messi]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=August 4, 2021 |title=Brenden Aaronson, aka "The Medford Messi" Scores Game Winner Against Barcelona |url=https://www.crossingbroad.com/2021/08/brenden-aaronson-aka-the-medford-messi-scores-game-winner-against-barcelona.html |access-date=August 5, 2021 |website=Crossing Broad |language=en-US}}</ref> Shi mai sha'awar San Francisco 49ers ne, saboda mahaifinsa ya fito ne daga Sacramento. An saka masa rana da Milana D'Ambra a watan Agustan shekara ta 2024. == Kididdigar aiki == === Kungiyar === {{Updated|match played May 1, 2026}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+Bayyanawa da burin kulob din, kakar wasa da gasa ! rowspan="2" |Kungiyar ! rowspan="2" |Lokacin ! colspan="3" |Ƙungiyar ! colspan="2" |Kofin kasa{{Efn|Includes [[U.S. Open Cup]], [[Austrian Cup]], [[FA Cup]], [[DFB-Pokal]]}} ! colspan="2" |Kofin League{{Efn|Includes [[MLS Cup playoffs]], [[EFL Cup]]}} ! colspan="2" |Yankin nahiyar ! colspan="2" |Sauran ! colspan="2" |Jimillar |- !Rarraba !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin |- | rowspan="3" |Baitalami Karfe FC |2017 |USL |5 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |6 |0 |- |2018 |USL |16 |1 |2 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |18 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !21 !1 !3 !0 ! colspan="2" |- ! colspan="2" |- ! colspan="2" |- !24 !1 |- | rowspan="3" |Ƙungiyar Philadelphia |2019 |MLS |28 |3 |0 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |30 |3 |- |2020 |MLS |23 |4 | colspan="2" | - |1 |0 | colspan="2" | - |3{{Efn|Appearances in MLS is Back Tournament knockout stage}} |0 |27 |4 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !51 !7 ! colspan="2" |- !3 !0 ! colspan="2" |- !3 !0 !57 !7 |- | rowspan="3" |Red Bull Salzburg |2020–21<ref name="2020/2021" /> |Bundesliga ta Austriya |20 |5 |3 |2 | colspan="2" | - |2{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Europa League]]}} |0 | colspan="2" | - |25 |7 |- |2021–22 |Bundesliga ta Austriya |26 |4 |5 |0 | colspan="2" | - |10{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |2 | colspan="2" | - |41 |6 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !46 !9 !8 !2 ! colspan="2" |- !12 !2 ! colspan="2" |- !66 !13 |- | rowspan="4" |[[Leeds United F.C.|Leeds United]] |2022–23 |[[Premier League|Gasar Firimiya]] |36 |1 |4 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |40 |1 |- |2024–25 |Gasar cin kofin |46 |9 |0 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |47 |9 |- |2025–26 |Gasar Firimiya |34 |4 |4 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |39 |4 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !116 !14 !8 !0 !2 !0 ! colspan="2" |- ! colspan="2" |- !126 !14 |- |Union Berlin (rashin kuɗi) |2023–24 |Bundesliga |30 |2 |2 |0 | colspan="2" | - |6[f] |0 | colspan="2" | - |38 |2 |- ! colspan="3" |Cikakken aikinsa !264 !33 !21 !2 !5 !0 !18 !2 !3 !0 !311 !37 |} {{Reflist|group=lower-alpha}} === Kasa da kasa === {{Updated|match played March 31, 2026}}<ref>{{NFT|76742}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+Bayyanawa da burin ta ƙungiyar ƙasa da shekara !Ƙungiyar ƙasa !Shekara !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin |- | rowspan="7" |Amurka |2020 |2 |1 |- |2021 |13 |4 |- |2022 |13 |1 |- |2023 |10 |2 |- |2024 |9 |0 |- |2025 |9 |1 |- |2026 |1 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !57 !9 |} : ''Sakamakon Amurka da aka jera da farko, shafi na ci yana nuna ci bayan kowane burin Aaronson.''<ref name="soccerway">{{Cite web |title=Brenden Aaronson – Soccerway |url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/brenden--aaronson/490587/ |access-date=December 10, 2020}}</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" |+Manufofin kasa da kasa ta hanyar kwanan wata, wurin, murfin, abokin hamayyar, ci, sakamako da gasa ! scope="col" |A'a. ! scope="col" |Ranar ! scope="col" |Wurin da ake ciki ! scope="col" |Cap ! scope="col" |Abokin hamayya ! scope="col" |Sakamakon ! scope="col" |Sakamakon ! scope="col" |Gasar |- ! scope="row" |1 |9 ga Disamba, 2020 |Filin wasa na Inter Miami CF, Fort Lauderdale, Amurka | align="center" |2 | El Salvador | align="center" |6–0 | align="center" |6–0 |Abokantaka |- ! scope="row" |2 |Maris 25, 2021 |Gidan wasan Wiener Neustadt, Wiener Neugadt, Austria | align="center" |3 |Jamaica | align="center" |2–0 | align="center" |4–1 |Abokantaka |- ! scope="row" |3 |9 ga Yuni, 2021 |Filin wasa na Rio Tinto, Sandy, Amurka | align="center" |7 |{{Fb|CRC}} | align="center" |1–0 | align="center" |4–0 |Abokantaka |- ! scope="row" |4 |Satumba 5, 2021 |[[Nashville, Tennessee|Nashville]])" id="mwAwk" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Nissan Stadium (Nashville)">Filin wasa na Nissan, Nashville, Amurka | align="center" |9 |Canada | align="center" |1–0 | align="center" |1–1 |cancantar gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 2022 |- ! scope="row" |5 |Satumba 8, 2021 |Filin wasa na Metropolitano, San Pedro Sula, Honduras | align="center" |10 |Honduras | align="center" |3–1 | align="center" |4–1 |cancantar gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 2022 |- ! scope="row" |6 |Yuni 1, 2022 |Filin wasa na TQL, Cincinnati, Amurka | align="center" |19 |{{Fb|MAR}} | align="center" |1–0 | align="center" |3–0 |Abokantaka |- ! scope="row" |7 |Maris 24, 2023 |Filin wasa na Kirani James, St. George's, Grenada | align="center" |29 |Grenada | align="center" |2–0 | align="center" |7–1 |2022-23 CONCACAF Nations League A |- ! scope="row" |8 |Satumba 12, 2023 |Filin Allianz, Saint Paul, Amurka | align="center" |34 |Oman | align="center" |2–0 | align="center" |4–0 |Abokantaka |- ! scope="row" |9 |Yuni 15, 2025 |PayPal Park, San Jose, Amurka | align="center" |49 |{{Fb|TRI}} | align="center" |4–0 | align="center" |5–0 |Kofin Zinare na CONCACAF na 2025 |} ==Girmamawa== '''Philadelphia Union''' *[[Supporters' Shield]]: [[2020 Major League Soccer season|2020]]<ref name=SS2020/> '''Red Bull Salzburg''' *[[Austrian Football Bundesliga|Austrian Bundesliga]]: [[2020–21 Austrian Football Bundesliga|2020–21]],<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Creditor |first=Avi |date=May 12, 2021 |title=Jesse Marsch Accomplishes All He Can in Austria |url=https://www.si.com/soccer/2021/05/12/jesse-marsch-salzburg-austrian-bundesliga-title-leipzig |magazine=Sports Illustrated |accessdate=May 12, 2021}}</ref> [[2021–22 Austrian Football Bundesliga|2021–22]] *[[Austrian Cup]]: [[2020–21 Austrian Cup|2020–21]],<ref name=ACW>{{cite web|url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/fc-salzburg/story/4375188/uss-brenden-aaronsonjesse-marsch-lead-salzburg-to-austrian-cup|title=U.S.'s Brenden Aaronson, Jesse Marsch lead Salzburg to Austrian Cup|website=ESPN|date=May 2, 2021|accessdate=May 2, 2021}}</ref> [[2021–22 Austrian Cup|2021–22]] '''Leeds United''' *[[EFL Championship]]: [[2024–25 EFL Championship|2024–25]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.soccerbase.com/tournaments/tournament.sd?tourn_id=2108 |title=Championship: 2024/25: Current table |website=Soccerbase |publisher=Centurycomm |access-date=May 3, 2025}}<br />{{cite web |url=https://www.soccerbase.com/teams/team.sd?team_id=1524&teamTabs=stats&season_id=157 |title=Leeds: Squad details: 2024/25 |website=Soccerbase |publisher=Centurycomm |access-date=May 3, 2025}}</ref> '''United States''' *[[CONCACAF Nations League]]: [[2019–20 CONCACAF Nations League|2019–20]],<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/report?gameId=570981 |title=Christian Pulisic, Ethan Horvath lead U.S. over Mexico in Nations League final |work=[[ESPN]] |date=June 6, 2021 |access-date=June 6, 2021}}</ref> [[2022–23 CONCACAF Nations League|2022–23]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 18, 2023 |title=U.S. beats Canada to win Nations League as Balogun opens account |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/report/_/gameId/667792 |access-date=June 19, 2023 |website=ESPN}}</ref> [[2023–24 CONCACAF Nations League|2023–24]]<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.concacaf.com/nations-league/news/adams-reyna-on-target-as-united-states-complete-three-peat/|title=Adams Reyna on target as United States complete three peat|work=CONCACAF|date=March 25, 2024|access-date=March 25, 2024}}</ref> '''Individual''' *[[MLS is Back Tournament]] Best XI: [[MLS is Back Tournament#Awards|2020]]<ref name=2020MLSiBXI/> *[[MLS Best XI]]: [[2020 Major League Soccer season#MLS Best XI|2020]]<ref name=2020MLSXI/> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 2000]] aoafqgo2e7816kq0w15f9z25yq80l31 0 149239 830111 2026-05-05T11:02:17Z Sanusi Gado 9920 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1303071682|Einar Jan Aas]]" 830111 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  '''Einar Jan Aas''' (an haife shi a ranar 12 ga Oktoba 1955) tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Norway wanda ya takal leda a matsayin mai tsaron tsakiya. Shi ne dan kasar Norway na farko da ya taka leda a Ingila da Jamus. == Wasan kulob == Aas ya fara wasa a Moss FK a 1973. A shekara ta 1976, an daukaka su zuwa Gasar Firimiya ta Norway, kuma ''Verdens Gang'' ta nada shi ''mai tsaron tsakiya na shekara'' a 1977 da 1979. Ya fara wasa a matsayin kwararre a [[FC Bayern Munich|Bayern Munich]], inda ya zauna a kakar 1979-80. Tsakanin kakar wasa mai zuwa, an tura shi zuwa Nottingham Forest, a lokacin da Brian Clough ke jagoranta. Karaya a kafa ta kawo ƙarshen zamansa a City Ground. Ya koma Moss a shekarar 1984, kuma ya taimaka wa kulob din ya lashe lambar yabo ta farko kuma har zuwa yau kawai a gasar League a shekarar 1987, kafin ya yi ritaya a matsayin dan wasa. == Wasannin kasa da kasa == Aas ya fara buga wa tawagar kasa wasa a shekarar 1978, kuma ya buga wasanni 35 gaba daya, inda ya zira kwallaye uku.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Einar Aas |url=http://www.home.no/greenriver/players/aas_e.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120805234939/http://www.home.no/greenriver/players/aas_e.html |archive-date=5 August 2012 |access-date=2 November 2011 |publisher=Home.no}}</ref> == Rayuwarsa == Ya yi karatu a Makarantar Kimiyyar Wasanni ta Norway . == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{NFT player|20567}} {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Aas, Einar Jan}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1955]] csvcil5gvlk0bh4r639uhbyb8yn1yb6 830112 830111 2026-05-05T11:02:47Z Sanusi Gado 9920 830112 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Einar Jan Aas''' (an haife shi a ranar 12 ga Oktoba 1955) tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Norway wanda ya takal leda a matsayin mai tsaron tsakiya. Shi ne dan kasar Norway na farko da ya taka leda a Ingila da Jamus. == Wasan kulob == Aas ya fara wasa a Moss FK a 1973. A shekara ta 1976, an daukaka su zuwa Gasar Firimiya ta Norway, kuma ''Verdens Gang'' ta nada shi ''mai tsaron tsakiya na shekara'' a 1977 da 1979. Ya fara wasa a matsayin kwararre a [[FC Bayern Munich|Bayern Munich]], inda ya zauna a kakar 1979-80. Tsakanin kakar wasa mai zuwa, an tura shi zuwa Nottingham Forest, a lokacin da Brian Clough ke jagoranta. Karaya a kafa ta kawo ƙarshen zamansa a City Ground. Ya koma Moss a shekarar 1984, kuma ya taimaka wa kulob din ya lashe lambar yabo ta farko kuma har zuwa yau kawai a gasar League a shekarar 1987, kafin ya yi ritaya a matsayin dan wasa. == Wasannin kasa da kasa == Aas ya fara buga wa tawagar kasa wasa a shekarar 1978, kuma ya buga wasanni 35 gaba daya, inda ya zira kwallaye uku.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Einar Aas |url=http://www.home.no/greenriver/players/aas_e.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120805234939/http://www.home.no/greenriver/players/aas_e.html |archive-date=5 August 2012 |access-date=2 November 2011 |publisher=Home.no}}</ref> == Rayuwarsa == Ya yi karatu a Makarantar Kimiyyar Wasanni ta Norway . == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{NFT player|20567}} {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Aas, Einar Jan}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1955]] 4fv9lqa5ii1erg2u8s3ingvp7p9yasn 830113 830112 2026-05-05T11:04:20Z Sanusi Gado 9920 /* Rayuwarsa */ 830113 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Einar Jan Aas''' (an haife shi a ranar 12 ga Oktoba 1955) tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Norway wanda ya takal leda a matsayin mai tsaron tsakiya. Shi ne dan kasar Norway na farko da ya taka leda a Ingila da Jamus. == Wasan kulob == Aas ya fara wasa a Moss FK a 1973. A shekara ta 1976, an daukaka su zuwa Gasar Firimiya ta Norway, kuma ''Verdens Gang'' ta nada shi ''mai tsaron tsakiya na shekara'' a 1977 da 1979. Ya fara wasa a matsayin kwararre a [[FC Bayern Munich|Bayern Munich]], inda ya zauna a kakar 1979-80. Tsakanin kakar wasa mai zuwa, an tura shi zuwa Nottingham Forest, a lokacin da Brian Clough ke jagoranta. Karaya a kafa ta kawo ƙarshen zamansa a City Ground. Ya koma Moss a shekarar 1984, kuma ya taimaka wa kulob din ya lashe lambar yabo ta farko kuma har zuwa yau kawai a gasar League a shekarar 1987, kafin ya yi ritaya a matsayin dan wasa. == Wasannin kasa da kasa == Aas ya fara buga wa tawagar kasa wasa a shekarar 1978, kuma ya buga wasanni 35 gaba daya, inda ya zira kwallaye uku.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Einar Aas |url=http://www.home.no/greenriver/players/aas_e.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120805234939/http://www.home.no/greenriver/players/aas_e.html |archive-date=5 August 2012 |access-date=2 November 2011 |publisher=Home.no}}</ref> == Rayuwarsa == Ya yi karatu a Makarantar Kimiyyar Wasanni ta Norway.<ref>{{cite news |last=Bugge |first=Mette |date=5 September 2008 |title=40 år og fortsatt full fart |work=Aftenposten |page=20 |language=Norwegian}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{NFT player|20567}} {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Aas, Einar Jan}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1955]] 1d1r2t9gak0baqmlwofwj29pq6bisgr 0 149240 830119 2026-05-05T11:27:26Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1318319427|Marius Aam]]" 830119 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Marius Aam''' (an haife shi a ranar 14 ga watan Nuwamba 1980) tsohon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|dan wasan kwallon kafa]] ne na ƙasar Norway wanda ya taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida, musamman a Tippeligaen na Aalesund. Ya fara aikinsa a Aalesund, kuma ya buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na farko a Tippeligaen 2003 da 2005. Bai kasance dan wasa na farko ba, kuma ya bar kungiyar a farkon shekara ta 2006. A kakar wasa ta gaba, ya buga wa kulob din Ålesund na biyu mafi kyau a lokacin, Skarbøvik IF. Ya bar Skarbøvik a gaban kakar 2009, daga baya ya fito a kulob din [[Hessa IL|Hessa]] na shida. Ya kuma dawo a Skarbøvik . == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1980]] qalxysuqwf5w06ro0zpuknlvmq4zs09 830120 830119 2026-05-05T11:27:57Z Engineer014 44591 830120 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Marius Aam''' (an haife shi a ranar 14 ga watan Nuwamba 1980) tsohon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|dan wasan kwallon kafa]] ne na ƙasar Norway wanda ya taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida, musamman a Tippeligaen na Aalesund. Ya fara aikinsa a Aalesund, kuma ya buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na farko a Tippeligaen 2003 da 2005. Bai kasance dan wasa na farko ba, kuma ya bar kungiyar a farkon shekara ta 2006. A kakar wasa ta gaba, ya buga wa kulob din Ålesund na biyu mafi kyau a lokacin, Skarbøvik IF. Ya bar Skarbøvik a gaban kakar 2009, daga baya ya fito a kulob din [[Hessa IL|Hessa]] na shida. Ya kuma dawo a Skarbøvik . == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1980]] sjmzcbz2r1o8vh7w4mtct7t2fmak1ie 0 149241 830122 2026-05-05T11:28:31Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1351881184|Shane van Aarle]]" 830122 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Shane van Aarle''' (an haife shi a ranar 5 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 2006) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Holland wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsakiya na kungiyar Serie C Group B ta Juventus Next Gen. == Ayyuka == Van Aarle ya girma ne a Wetteren, Belgium tare da mahaifiyarsa. Shi matashi ne na kulob din Belgium Club Brugge da Royal Excel Mouscron, kafin ya koma Netherlands tare da makarantar matasa ta FC Eindhoven a shekarar 2022. A ranar 9 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2024, ya fara Ruwa wasa tare da FC Eindhoven a wasan da ya ci Jong Utrecht 4-0. A ranar 14 ga Mayu 2025, ya koma Juventus Next Gen a Jerin C a kwangila har zuwa 2029.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 May 2025 |title=Shane van Aarle (18) verruilt FC Eindhoven voor Juventus: 'Jongensdroom' |url=https://www.omroepbrabant.nl/nieuws/4688886/shane-van-aarle-18-verruilt-fc-eindhoven-voor-juventus-jongensdroom |website=Omroep Brabant}}</ref> == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == An haife shi a Netherlands, Van Aarle an haife shi ne ga mahaifin Holland da mahaifiyar Rwanda. Ya kasance daga cikin Netherlands U19s wanda ya lashe gasar zakarun Turai ta kasa da shekaru 19 ta 2025. == Daraja == '''Netherlands U19''' * Gasar Turai ta kasa da shekaru 19: 2025 <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 June 2025 |title=Under-19 EURO final report: Netherlands edge Spain for first title |url=https://www.uefa.com/under19/news/029a-1e1852246f5e-4c7a67c71914-1000--under-19-euro-final-report-netherlands-edge-spain-for-first-/ |access-date=28 June 2025 |website=uefa.com |language=en}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 0p4t8kgx83el0buv9txi5gp7s2u2nnv 830123 830122 2026-05-05T11:28:54Z Engineer014 44591 830123 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Shane van Aarle''' (an haife shi a ranar 5 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 2006) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Holland wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsakiya na kungiyar Serie C Group B ta Juventus Next Gen. == Ayyuka == Van Aarle ya girma ne a Wetteren, Belgium tare da mahaifiyarsa. Shi matashi ne na kulob din Belgium Club Brugge da Royal Excel Mouscron, kafin ya koma Netherlands tare da makarantar matasa ta FC Eindhoven a shekarar 2022. A ranar 9 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2024, ya fara Ruwa wasa tare da FC Eindhoven a wasan da ya ci Jong Utrecht 4-0. A ranar 14 ga Mayu 2025, ya koma Juventus Next Gen a Jerin C a kwangila har zuwa 2029.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 May 2025 |title=Shane van Aarle (18) verruilt FC Eindhoven voor Juventus: 'Jongensdroom' |url=https://www.omroepbrabant.nl/nieuws/4688886/shane-van-aarle-18-verruilt-fc-eindhoven-voor-juventus-jongensdroom |website=Omroep Brabant}}</ref> == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == An haife shi a Netherlands, Van Aarle an haife shi ne ga mahaifin Holland da mahaifiyar Rwanda. Ya kasance daga cikin Netherlands U19s wanda ya lashe gasar zakarun Turai ta kasa da shekaru 19 ta 2025. == Daraja == '''Netherlands U19''' * Gasar Turai ta kasa da shekaru 19: 2025 <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 June 2025 |title=Under-19 EURO final report: Netherlands edge Spain for first title |url=https://www.uefa.com/under19/news/029a-1e1852246f5e-4c7a67c71914-1000--under-19-euro-final-report-netherlands-edge-spain-for-first-/ |access-date=28 June 2025 |website=uefa.com |language=en}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] m3tafmm373cnz0cjxxxxu5rr51kpxpq 0 149242 830125 2026-05-05T11:29:44Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1318442166|Sveinung Aarnseth]]" 830125 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Sveinung_Aarnseth_(1964).jpg|thumb|Sveinung Aarnseth a cikin 1964]] '''Sveinung Aarnseth''' (15 ga Mayu 1933 - 9 ga Maris 2019) <ref>[https://jolstad.vareminnesider.no/order_info.php?order_id=3632425&set_site_id=75&memorial_page_created=1&design=buskerud&sign=12a1d4f1533ef220f0b15b1dbc17ee49 Death notice] {{In lang|no}}</ref> ya kasance ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma likitan hakora na ƙasar Norway. Aarnseth ya fara aikin kwallon kafa a matsayin mai gaba, amma daga baya ya zama mai tsaron tsakiya. Ya fi buga wa SFK Lyn wasa daga 1960 zuwa 1968, inda ya buga wasanni 113, inda ya zira kwallaye 18 a saman rukuni na gasar Norway. A matsayinsa na memba na Lyn, ya lashe gasar Norwegian sau biyu (1964 da 1968), da kuma Kofin Norwegian sau ɗaya (1967 da 1968). Ya kuma lashe kofin kasa da kasa guda biyar ga Norway, inda ya fara fafatawa da Sweden a watan Satumbar 1964. Aarnseth ya kuma taka leda a takaice ga VVV-Venlo a shekara ta 1957, yana buga wasanni bakwai a Eredivisie kuma an yi imanin cewa shi ne dan kasar Norway na farko a matakin farko na kwallon kafa na Dutch, yayin da yake kammala karatunsa a fannin ilimin hakora.<ref>[https://historie.vvv-venlo.nl/spelers/Aarnseth/Sveinung/15-05-1933 Sveinung Aarnseth], VVV-Venlo {{In lang|nl}}</ref> Ya yi aiki na shekaru 40 a matsayin likitan hakora a Lysaker kuma ya zauna a Bærum. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2019]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1933]] a3ibddhsvsfrxl12c37mbyci7wwzh47 830126 830125 2026-05-05T11:30:10Z Engineer014 44591 830126 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:Sveinung_Aarnseth_(1964).jpg|thumb|Sveinung Aarnseth a cikin 1964]] '''Sveinung Aarnseth''' (15 ga Mayu 1933 - 9 ga Maris 2019) <ref>[https://jolstad.vareminnesider.no/order_info.php?order_id=3632425&set_site_id=75&memorial_page_created=1&design=buskerud&sign=12a1d4f1533ef220f0b15b1dbc17ee49 Death notice] {{In lang|no}}</ref> ya kasance ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma likitan hakora na ƙasar Norway. Aarnseth ya fara aikin kwallon kafa a matsayin mai gaba, amma daga baya ya zama mai tsaron tsakiya. Ya fi buga wa SFK Lyn wasa daga 1960 zuwa 1968, inda ya buga wasanni 113, inda ya zira kwallaye 18 a saman rukuni na gasar Norway. A matsayinsa na memba na Lyn, ya lashe gasar Norwegian sau biyu (1964 da 1968), da kuma Kofin Norwegian sau ɗaya (1967 da 1968). Ya kuma lashe kofin kasa da kasa guda biyar ga Norway, inda ya fara fafatawa da Sweden a watan Satumbar 1964. Aarnseth ya kuma taka leda a takaice ga VVV-Venlo a shekara ta 1957, yana buga wasanni bakwai a Eredivisie kuma an yi imanin cewa shi ne dan kasar Norway na farko a matakin farko na kwallon kafa na Dutch, yayin da yake kammala karatunsa a fannin ilimin hakora.<ref>[https://historie.vvv-venlo.nl/spelers/Aarnseth/Sveinung/15-05-1933 Sveinung Aarnseth], VVV-Venlo {{In lang|nl}}</ref> Ya yi aiki na shekaru 40 a matsayin likitan hakora a Lysaker kuma ya zauna a Bærum. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2019]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1933]] rupnthzsggp14ha0wzg5f8tzv31j0og 0 149243 830127 2026-05-05T11:30:58Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1351255469|Max Aarons]]" 830127 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maximillian James Aarons''' (an haife shi a ranar 4 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 2000) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Ingila wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai ba da dama ga ƙungiyar [[Rangers F.C.|Rangers]] ta Firimiya ta Scotland, a aro daga ƙungiyar Bournemouth ta Firimiyar. Wani samfurin matasa na Norwich City, Aarons ya shiga makarantar a shekarar 2016 yana da shekaru goma sha shida. Ya ci gaba da sanya hannu a kulob din a matsayin sana'a bayan shekaru biyu a cikin 2018, kuma da sauri ya zama dan wasa na yau da kullun a gasar zakarun Turai. Ya sami ci gaba tare da kungiyar zuwa Premier League a shekarar 2019, kuma ya koma gasar zakarun Turai a kakar wasa daya daga baya a shekarar 2020. Bayan yin wasa a kai a kai kuma ya sami gabatarwa ga EFL Young Player of the Season, an sake inganta kulob din zuwa Premier League a shekarar 2021. Za a sake komawa kulob din zuwa gasar zakarun Turai a shekarar 2022. Aarons ya shiga kungiyar Bournemouth ta Ingila a watan Agustan 2023, inda ya kawo karshen shekaru biyar tare da Canaries. Daga baya aka tura shi aro zuwa kungiyar [[Valencia CF|Valencia]] ta Spain a watan Janairun 2025, kuma ya shiga kungiyar Rangers ta Scotland a aro a watan Yunin wannan shekarar. == Ayyukan kulob din == === Birnin Norwich === Aarons ya fara aikinsa a Luton Town, kuma ya koma makarantar Norwich City a shekarar 2016. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Max Aarons signs first professional contract |url=https://www.canaries.co.uk/content/max-aarons-signs-first-professional-contract |access-date=4 September 2018 |website=Norwich City}}</ref> Ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar kwararru ta shekaru uku tare da Canaries a watan Yunin 2018, <ref name=":0" /> kafin ya fara buga wasan farko a gasar cin Kofin EFL da [[Stevenage FC|Stevenage]] a ranar 14 ga watan Agusta. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Norwich City vs Stevenage on 14 Aug 18 |url=https://www.canaries.co.uk/Matches/Fixtures/first-team/201819/august/norwich-city-vs-stevenage-on-13-aug-18/# |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180916164307/https://www.canaries.co.uk/Matches/Fixtures/first-team/201819/august/norwich-city-vs-stevenage-on-13-aug-18/ |archive-date=16 September 2018 |access-date=4 September 2018 |website=Norwich City |language=en-gb}}</ref> Babban burinsa na karshe ya zo ne a gasar cin kofin EFL, yayin da ya kammala nasarar 3-1 a kan Cardiff City makonni biyu bayan haka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cardiff City vs Norwich City on 28 Aug 18 |url=https://www.canaries.co.uk/Matches/Fixtures/first-team/201819/august/cardiff-city-vs-norwich-city-on-28-aug-18/# |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180916201926/https://www.canaries.co.uk/Matches/Fixtures/first-team/201819/august/cardiff-city-vs-norwich-city-on-28-aug-18/ |archive-date=16 September 2018 |access-date=4 September 2018 |website=Norwich City |language=en-gb}}</ref> Aarons ya fara buga wasan farko a ranar 2 ga watan Satumba, ya fara a wasan derby na Gabashin Anglian da Ipswich Town, 1-1 draw.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ipswich Town vs Norwich City on 02 Sep 18 |url=https://www.canaries.co.uk/Matches/Fixtures/first-team/201819/september/ipswich-town-vs-norwich-city-on-01-sep-18/# |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180916164223/https://www.canaries.co.uk/Matches/Fixtures/first-team/201819/september/ipswich-town-vs-norwich-city-on-01-sep-18/ |archive-date=16 September 2018 |access-date=4 September 2018 |website=Norwich City |language=en-gb}}</ref> A ranar 10 ga Oktoba, ya tsawaita kwantiraginsa a kulob din har zuwa Yuni 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Max Aarons rewarded with new deal at Norwich City |url=https://www.canaries.co.uk/content/max-aarons-rewarded-with-new-deal-at-norwich-city |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220523023124/https://www.canaries.co.uk/content/max-aarons-rewarded-with-new-deal-at-norwich-city |archive-date=23 May 2022 |access-date=10 October 2018 |website=Norwich City}}</ref> A watan Maris na shekara ta 2019, an haɗa Aarons a cikin 2018-19 Championship Team of the Season, kuma an ba shi lambar yabo ta 2018-19 EFL Young Player of the Season. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Twitter |url=https://mobile.twitter.com/EFL/status/1115006671137509381 |access-date=7 April 2019 |website=mobile.twitter.com}}</ref> An ci gaba da shi tare da Norwich zuwa Premier League bayan nasarar 2-1 a kan Blackburn Rovers . === Bournemouth === A ranar 10 ga watan Agustan 2023, Aarons ya koma Bournemouth don kuɗin £ 7m. A ranar 12 ga watan Agusta, ya fara bugawa kulob din wasa a wasan 1-1 da [[West Ham United FC|West Ham United]] a gasar Firimiya. Ya buga wasanni ashirin a wannan gasa a lokacin yakin, inda kungiyar ta sami sabon rikodin maki a cikin rukuni.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Aarons joins Valencia on loan |url=https://www.afcb.co.uk/news/2025/january/13/aarons-joins-valencia-on-loan/ |access-date=25 March 2025 |website=AFC Bournemouth}}</ref> === Valencia CF === A ranar 13 ga watan Janairun 2025, Aarons ya koma [[La Liga|Ƙungiyar]] La Liga ta [[Valencia CF|Valencia]] a kan aro daga Bournemouth har zuwa karshen kakar 2024-25, <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Aarons joins Valencia on loan |url=https://www.afcb.co.uk/news/2025/january/13/aarons-joins-valencia-on-loan/ |access-date=25 March 2025 |website=AFC Bournemouth}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=MAX AARONS |url=https://www.valenciacf.com/official-statement-max-aarons |access-date=25 March 2025 |website=Valencia CF}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 January 2025 |title=Bournemouth transfer news: Aarons joins Valencia on loan |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/articles/czrl73dpgnyo |access-date=25 March 2025 |website=[[BBC Sport]] |language=en-GB}}</ref> tare da zaɓi don yin tafiya ta dindindin. === Rangers === A ranar 25 ga watan Yunin 2025, Aarons ya shiga kungiyar [[Rangers F.C.|Rangers]] ta Scottish Premier a kan aro don kakar.<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 June 2025 |title=Rangers sign Bournemouth's Max Aarons on loan |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/articles/c4gkz7d5j3zo |access-date=25 June 2025 |website=[[BBC Sport]] |language=en-GB}}</ref> A ranar 22 ga watan Yulin, ya fara bugawa Rangers wasa a [[UEFA Champions League|Gasar Zakarun Turai ta UEFA]] da Panathinaikos a Filin wasa na Ibrox . Aarons ya zira kwallaye na farko a ranar 28 ga watan Satumba, a waje da Livingston a cikin nasara 2-1 , wanda ya lashe minti na 94. Bayan ya shiga cikin tawagar farko ta Norwich City a farkon kakar 2018-19, Aarons ya sami kira ga tawagar Ingila ta kasa da shekaru 19 a watan Satumbar 2018.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Davitt |first=Paddy |date=31 August 2018 |title=England calling for Max Aarons |url=http://www.edp24.co.uk/sport/norwich-city/canaries-aarons-england-call-1-5675483 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181104211214/http://www.edp24.co.uk/sport/norwich-city/canaries-aarons-england-call-1-5675483 |archive-date=4 November 2018 |access-date=4 September 2018 |website=Eastern Daily Press}}</ref> A ranar 30 ga watan Agustan 2019, an haɗa Aarons a cikin tawagar Ingila U21 a karon farko.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Veevers |first=Nicholas |date=30 August 2019 |title=England U21s kick-off a new campaign and Aidy Boothroyd has picked his squad |url=http://www.thefa.com/news/2019/aug/30/england-u21s-squad-named-for-turkey-and-kosovo-300819 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210816233446/https://www.thefa.com/news/2019/aug/30/england-u21s-squad-named-for-turkey-and-kosovo-300819 |archive-date=16 August 2021 |access-date=30 August 2019 |website=The Football Association}}</ref> Ya fara bugawa a lokacin da ya ci nasara 3-2 a kan Turkiyya a ranar 6 ga Satumba 2019. Aarons ya kasance memba na tawagar da aka kawar a matakin rukuni na gasar zakarun Turai ta kasa da shekara 21 ta 2021 . == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 2000]] bz7fg5ekhox1v8gsiiywnye4jbwhdpn 830128 830127 2026-05-05T11:31:23Z Engineer014 44591 830128 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Maximillian James Aarons''' (an haife shi a ranar 4 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 2000) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Ingila wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai ba da dama ga ƙungiyar [[Rangers F.C.|Rangers]] ta Firimiya ta Scotland, a aro daga ƙungiyar Bournemouth ta Firimiyar. Wani samfurin matasa na Norwich City, Aarons ya shiga makarantar a shekarar 2016 yana da shekaru goma sha shida. Ya ci gaba da sanya hannu a kulob din a matsayin sana'a bayan shekaru biyu a cikin 2018, kuma da sauri ya zama dan wasa na yau da kullun a gasar zakarun Turai. Ya sami ci gaba tare da kungiyar zuwa Premier League a shekarar 2019, kuma ya koma gasar zakarun Turai a kakar wasa daya daga baya a shekarar 2020. Bayan yin wasa a kai a kai kuma ya sami gabatarwa ga EFL Young Player of the Season, an sake inganta kulob din zuwa Premier League a shekarar 2021. Za a sake komawa kulob din zuwa gasar zakarun Turai a shekarar 2022. Aarons ya shiga kungiyar Bournemouth ta Ingila a watan Agustan 2023, inda ya kawo karshen shekaru biyar tare da Canaries. Daga baya aka tura shi aro zuwa kungiyar [[Valencia CF|Valencia]] ta Spain a watan Janairun 2025, kuma ya shiga kungiyar Rangers ta Scotland a aro a watan Yunin wannan shekarar. == Ayyukan kulob din == === Birnin Norwich === Aarons ya fara aikinsa a Luton Town, kuma ya koma makarantar Norwich City a shekarar 2016. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Max Aarons signs first professional contract |url=https://www.canaries.co.uk/content/max-aarons-signs-first-professional-contract |access-date=4 September 2018 |website=Norwich City}}</ref> Ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar kwararru ta shekaru uku tare da Canaries a watan Yunin 2018, <ref name=":0" /> kafin ya fara buga wasan farko a gasar cin Kofin EFL da [[Stevenage FC|Stevenage]] a ranar 14 ga watan Agusta. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Norwich City vs Stevenage on 14 Aug 18 |url=https://www.canaries.co.uk/Matches/Fixtures/first-team/201819/august/norwich-city-vs-stevenage-on-13-aug-18/# |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180916164307/https://www.canaries.co.uk/Matches/Fixtures/first-team/201819/august/norwich-city-vs-stevenage-on-13-aug-18/ |archive-date=16 September 2018 |access-date=4 September 2018 |website=Norwich City |language=en-gb}}</ref> Babban burinsa na karshe ya zo ne a gasar cin kofin EFL, yayin da ya kammala nasarar 3-1 a kan Cardiff City makonni biyu bayan haka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cardiff City vs Norwich City on 28 Aug 18 |url=https://www.canaries.co.uk/Matches/Fixtures/first-team/201819/august/cardiff-city-vs-norwich-city-on-28-aug-18/# |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180916201926/https://www.canaries.co.uk/Matches/Fixtures/first-team/201819/august/cardiff-city-vs-norwich-city-on-28-aug-18/ |archive-date=16 September 2018 |access-date=4 September 2018 |website=Norwich City |language=en-gb}}</ref> Aarons ya fara buga wasan farko a ranar 2 ga watan Satumba, ya fara a wasan derby na Gabashin Anglian da Ipswich Town, 1-1 draw.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ipswich Town vs Norwich City on 02 Sep 18 |url=https://www.canaries.co.uk/Matches/Fixtures/first-team/201819/september/ipswich-town-vs-norwich-city-on-01-sep-18/# |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180916164223/https://www.canaries.co.uk/Matches/Fixtures/first-team/201819/september/ipswich-town-vs-norwich-city-on-01-sep-18/ |archive-date=16 September 2018 |access-date=4 September 2018 |website=Norwich City |language=en-gb}}</ref> A ranar 10 ga Oktoba, ya tsawaita kwantiraginsa a kulob din har zuwa Yuni 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Max Aarons rewarded with new deal at Norwich City |url=https://www.canaries.co.uk/content/max-aarons-rewarded-with-new-deal-at-norwich-city |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220523023124/https://www.canaries.co.uk/content/max-aarons-rewarded-with-new-deal-at-norwich-city |archive-date=23 May 2022 |access-date=10 October 2018 |website=Norwich City}}</ref> A watan Maris na shekara ta 2019, an haɗa Aarons a cikin 2018-19 Championship Team of the Season, kuma an ba shi lambar yabo ta 2018-19 EFL Young Player of the Season. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Twitter |url=https://mobile.twitter.com/EFL/status/1115006671137509381 |access-date=7 April 2019 |website=mobile.twitter.com}}</ref> An ci gaba da shi tare da Norwich zuwa Premier League bayan nasarar 2-1 a kan Blackburn Rovers . === Bournemouth === A ranar 10 ga watan Agustan 2023, Aarons ya koma Bournemouth don kuɗin £ 7m. A ranar 12 ga watan Agusta, ya fara bugawa kulob din wasa a wasan 1-1 da [[West Ham United FC|West Ham United]] a gasar Firimiya. Ya buga wasanni ashirin a wannan gasa a lokacin yakin, inda kungiyar ta sami sabon rikodin maki a cikin rukuni.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Aarons joins Valencia on loan |url=https://www.afcb.co.uk/news/2025/january/13/aarons-joins-valencia-on-loan/ |access-date=25 March 2025 |website=AFC Bournemouth}}</ref> === Valencia CF === A ranar 13 ga watan Janairun 2025, Aarons ya koma [[La Liga|Ƙungiyar]] La Liga ta [[Valencia CF|Valencia]] a kan aro daga Bournemouth har zuwa karshen kakar 2024-25, <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Aarons joins Valencia on loan |url=https://www.afcb.co.uk/news/2025/january/13/aarons-joins-valencia-on-loan/ |access-date=25 March 2025 |website=AFC Bournemouth}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=MAX AARONS |url=https://www.valenciacf.com/official-statement-max-aarons |access-date=25 March 2025 |website=Valencia CF}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 January 2025 |title=Bournemouth transfer news: Aarons joins Valencia on loan |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/articles/czrl73dpgnyo |access-date=25 March 2025 |website=[[BBC Sport]] |language=en-GB}}</ref> tare da zaɓi don yin tafiya ta dindindin. === Rangers === A ranar 25 ga watan Yunin 2025, Aarons ya shiga kungiyar [[Rangers F.C.|Rangers]] ta Scottish Premier a kan aro don kakar.<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 June 2025 |title=Rangers sign Bournemouth's Max Aarons on loan |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/articles/c4gkz7d5j3zo |access-date=25 June 2025 |website=[[BBC Sport]] |language=en-GB}}</ref> A ranar 22 ga watan Yulin, ya fara bugawa Rangers wasa a [[UEFA Champions League|Gasar Zakarun Turai ta UEFA]] da Panathinaikos a Filin wasa na Ibrox . Aarons ya zira kwallaye na farko a ranar 28 ga watan Satumba, a waje da Livingston a cikin nasara 2-1 , wanda ya lashe minti na 94. Bayan ya shiga cikin tawagar farko ta Norwich City a farkon kakar 2018-19, Aarons ya sami kira ga tawagar Ingila ta kasa da shekaru 19 a watan Satumbar 2018.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Davitt |first=Paddy |date=31 August 2018 |title=England calling for Max Aarons |url=http://www.edp24.co.uk/sport/norwich-city/canaries-aarons-england-call-1-5675483 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181104211214/http://www.edp24.co.uk/sport/norwich-city/canaries-aarons-england-call-1-5675483 |archive-date=4 November 2018 |access-date=4 September 2018 |website=Eastern Daily Press}}</ref> A ranar 30 ga watan Agustan 2019, an haɗa Aarons a cikin tawagar Ingila U21 a karon farko.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Veevers |first=Nicholas |date=30 August 2019 |title=England U21s kick-off a new campaign and Aidy Boothroyd has picked his squad |url=http://www.thefa.com/news/2019/aug/30/england-u21s-squad-named-for-turkey-and-kosovo-300819 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210816233446/https://www.thefa.com/news/2019/aug/30/england-u21s-squad-named-for-turkey-and-kosovo-300819 |archive-date=16 August 2021 |access-date=30 August 2019 |website=The Football Association}}</ref> Ya fara bugawa a lokacin da ya ci nasara 3-2 a kan Turkiyya a ranar 6 ga Satumba 2019. Aarons ya kasance memba na tawagar da aka kawar a matakin rukuni na gasar zakarun Turai ta kasa da shekara 21 ta 2021 . == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 2000]] mbkaq3mrv3uisy8g3qlrbs52lmg62az 0 149244 830129 2026-05-05T11:32:05Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1308160650|Magnus Aasbrenn]]" 830129 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Magnus Aasbrenn''' (an haife shi 10 Nuwamba 1973) tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Norway wanda ya yi wasa a matsayin mai tsaron gida. Ya fara aikinsa a Fu / Vo, kuma bayan wani lokaci a cikin matasa na Lillestrøm an inganta shi zuwa tawagar farko a 1994. Daga 1995 zuwa 1999 ya buga wa Lyn wasa, inda ya buga wasanni 23 a gasar Firimiya ta Norway ta 1997. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Magnus Aasbrenn |url=http://www.lynhistorie.com/Lyn_Spiller.asp?id=84 |access-date=1 November 2018 |publisher=Lynhistorie.com |language=Norwegian}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1973]] qninl2ulr0had40m2w4t7op6it7v1cx 830131 830129 2026-05-05T11:32:28Z Engineer014 44591 830131 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Magnus Aasbrenn''' (an haife shi 10 Nuwamba 1973) tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Norway wanda ya yi wasa a matsayin mai tsaron gida. Ya fara aikinsa a Fu / Vo, kuma bayan wani lokaci a cikin matasa na Lillestrøm an inganta shi zuwa tawagar farko a 1994. Daga 1995 zuwa 1999 ya buga wa Lyn wasa, inda ya buga wasanni 23 a gasar Firimiya ta Norway ta 1997. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Magnus Aasbrenn |url=http://www.lynhistorie.com/Lyn_Spiller.asp?id=84 |access-date=1 November 2018 |publisher=Lynhistorie.com |language=Norwegian}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1973]] saoemtv3lognt9ftlwqsvg3x4htquc4 0 149245 830133 2026-05-05T11:33:18Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1324824533|Trygve Aasen]]" 830133 wikitext text/x-wiki Trygve Aasen (10 Nuwamba 1900 - 16 Yuli 1938) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Norway . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Trygve Aasen |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe125593/trygve-aasen/ |access-date=15 November 2021 |website=worldfootball.net}}</ref> Ya buga wasanni hudu a kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Norway daga 1926 zuwa 1927.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Trygve Aasen |url=https://www.fotball.no/fotballdata/person/profil/?fiksId=2604765 |access-date=15 November 2021 |website=Norway Football Association}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1900]] kohh361o5q8xkfeb6773oohkrlge1kp 830134 830133 2026-05-05T11:33:45Z Engineer014 44591 830134 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Trygve Aasen''' (10 Nuwamba 1900 - 16 Yuli 1938) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Norway . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Trygve Aasen |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe125593/trygve-aasen/ |access-date=15 November 2021 |website=worldfootball.net}}</ref> Ya buga wasanni hudu a kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Norway daga 1926 zuwa 1927.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Trygve Aasen |url=https://www.fotball.no/fotballdata/person/profil/?fiksId=2604765 |access-date=15 November 2021 |website=Norway Football Association}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1900]] 8powamjvrpxdzv8vwz4stz7muxrfn1j 0 149246 830136 2026-05-05T11:34:19Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1335587985|Mostafa El Aash]]" 830136 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Mostafa Mahmoud Abdelkader El Aash''' ( Arabic ; an haife shi a ranar 11 ga Oktoba 2000) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Masar wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan [[Mai buga baya|wasan tsakiya]] na ƙungiyar Al Ahly ta Masar . == Ayyukan kulob din == === Ghazl El Mahalla === El-Aash ya fara tafiyarsa a kwallon kafa tare da Shabab Kom Hamada a rukuni na uku na Masar. Ayyukansa a kakar 2020-21 sun ja hankalin Ghazl El Mahalla SC, wanda ya sami canjinsa na EGP 300,000, tare da sashi na sake sayarwa na 15%. Da yake nuna iyawarsa a matsayin mai tsaron gida, da sauri ya zama fitaccen mai wasan kwaikwayo ga tawagar, duk da gwagwarmayar da ta yi a Gasar Firimiya ta Masar, inda ya sami karbuwa sosai kuma ya jawo hankali daga kungiyoyi masu tasowa.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web |date=24 January 2025 |title=بدأ في كوم حمادة وصاحب حلول دفاعية.. من هو مصطفى العش صفقة الأهلي المرتقبة؟ |url=https://www.yallakora.com/egyptian-league/2935/news/497216/بدأ-في-كوم-حمادة-وصاحب-حلول-دفاعية-من-هو-مصطفى-العش-صفقة-الأهلي-المرتقبة- |publisher=Yallakora |language=ar}}</ref> A ranar 7 ga watan Yunin 2023, ya zira kwallaye na farko a gasar a wasan 1-1 da ya yi da Al Masry.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 2023 |title=غزل المحلة يهدر الفوز على المصري |url=https://www.kooora.com/كرة-قدم/أخبار/غزل-المحلة-يهدر-الفوز-على-المصري/1246296 |publisher=Kooora |language=ar}}</ref> === ZED === A watan Satumbar 2023, El Aash ya koma ZED FC a cikin wani sanannen yarjejeniya da aka ruwaito ya kai EGP miliyan 20 wanda za'a biya Ghazl El Mahalla. Ci gabansa ya ci gaba da ban sha'awa a ZED, inda ya buga wasanni 49 a duk fafatawa. Duk da yake bai yi rajistar wani burin ko taimakawa ba, tsaronsa da kuma sassauci - wanda zai iya aiki a tsakiya da kuma hagu-baya - ya sami yabo daga 'yan kallo da masu horar da su.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web |date=24 January 2025 |title=بدأ في كوم حمادة وصاحب حلول دفاعية.. من هو مصطفى العش صفقة الأهلي المرتقبة؟ |url=https://www.yallakora.com/egyptian-league/2935/news/497216/بدأ-في-كوم-حمادة-وصاحب-حلول-دفاعية-من-هو-مصطفى-العش-صفقة-الأهلي-المرتقبة- |publisher=Yallakora |language=ar}}</ref> === Al Ahly === A watan Janairun 2025, Al Ahly ya sami ayyukan El-Aash da farko akan aro.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web |date=24 January 2025 |title=بدأ في كوم حمادة وصاحب حلول دفاعية.. من هو مصطفى العش صفقة الأهلي المرتقبة؟ |url=https://www.yallakora.com/egyptian-league/2935/news/497216/بدأ-في-كوم-حمادة-وصاحب-حلول-دفاعية-من-هو-مصطفى-العش-صفقة-الأهلي-المرتقبة- |publisher=Yallakora |language=ar}}</ref> A ranar 10 ga Yuni 2025, Al Ahly ya kammala canja wurin har abada, ya sanya hannu kan El‐Aash zuwa kwangilar shekaru huɗu, tare da kuɗin canja wurin da aka kiyasta ya zama EGP miliyan 60.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 June 2025 |title=الأهلي ينهى صفقة ضم مصطفى العش من زد لمدة 4 سنوات وقيده بالجبلاية |url=https://www.youm7.com/story/2025/6/10/الأهلي-ينهى-صفقة-ضم-مصطفى-العش-من-زد-لمدة-4/7017106 |publisher=youm7.com |language=ar}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 2000]] t8442byf1xzwxw40awcaq7yh1l51sjs 830137 830136 2026-05-05T11:34:36Z Quinlan83 13504 Fix 830137 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mostafa Mahmoud Abdelkader El Aash''' ( Arabic ; an haife shi a ranar 11 ga Oktoba 20l00) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Masar wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan [[Mai buga baya|wasan tsakiya]] na ƙungiyar Al Ahly ta Masar . == Ayyukan kulob din == === Ghazl El Mahalla === El-Aash ya fara tafiyarsa a kwallon kafa tare da Shabab Kom Hamada a rukuni na uku na Masar. Ayyukansa a kakar 2020-21 sun ja hankalin Ghazl El Mahalla SC, wanda ya sami canjinsa na EGP 300,000, tare da sashi na sake sayarwa na 15%. Da yake nuna iyawarsa a matsayin mai tsaron gida, da sauri ya zama fitaccen mai wasan kwaikwayo ga tawagar, duk da gwagwarmayar da ta yi a Gasar Firimiya ta Masar, inda ya sami karbuwa sosai kuma ya jawo hankali daga kungiyoyi masu tasowa.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web |date=24 January 2025 |title=بدأ في كوم حمادة وصاحب حلول دفاعية.. من هو مصطفى العش صفقة الأهلي المرتقبة؟ |url=https://www.yallakora.com/egyptian-league/2935/news/497216/بدأ-في-كوم-حمادة-وصاحب-حلول-دفاعية-من-هو-مصطفى-العش-صفقة-الأهلي-المرتقبة- |publisher=Yallakora |language=ar}}</ref> A ranar 7 ga watan Yunin 2023, ya zira kwallaye na farko a gasar a wasan 1-1 da ya yi da Al Masry.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 2023 |title=غزل المحلة يهدر الفوز على المصري |url=https://www.kooora.com/كرة-قدم/أخبار/غزل-المحلة-يهدر-الفوز-على-المصري/1246296 |publisher=Kooora |language=ar}}</ref> === ZED === A watan Satumbar 2023, El Aash ya koma ZED FC a cikin wani sanannen yarjejeniya da aka ruwaito ya kai EGP miliyan 20 wanda za'a biya Ghazl El Mahalla. Ci gabansa ya ci gaba da ban sha'awa a ZED, inda ya buga wasanni 49 a duk fafatawa. Duk da yake bai yi rajistar wani burin ko taimakawa ba, tsaronsa da kuma sassauci - wanda zai iya aiki a tsakiya da kuma hagu-baya - ya sami yabo daga 'yan kallo da masu horar da su.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web |date=24 January 2025 |title=بدأ في كوم حمادة وصاحب حلول دفاعية.. من هو مصطفى العش صفقة الأهلي المرتقبة؟ |url=https://www.yallakora.com/egyptian-league/2935/news/497216/بدأ-في-كوم-حمادة-وصاحب-حلول-دفاعية-من-هو-مصطفى-العش-صفقة-الأهلي-المرتقبة- |publisher=Yallakora |language=ar}}</ref> === Al Ahly === A watan Janairun 2025, Al Ahly ya sami ayyukan El-Aash da farko akan aro.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web |date=24 January 2025 |title=بدأ في كوم حمادة وصاحب حلول دفاعية.. من هو مصطفى العش صفقة الأهلي المرتقبة؟ |url=https://www.yallakora.com/egyptian-league/2935/news/497216/بدأ-في-كوم-حمادة-وصاحب-حلول-دفاعية-من-هو-مصطفى-العش-صفقة-الأهلي-المرتقبة- |publisher=Yallakora |language=ar}}</ref> A ranar 10 ga Yuni 2025, Al Ahly ya kammala canja wurin har abada, ya sanya hannu kan El‐Aash zuwa kwangilar shekaru huɗu, tare da kuɗin canja wurin da aka kiyasta ya zama EGP miliyan 60.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 June 2025 |title=الأهلي ينهى صفقة ضم مصطفى العش من زد لمدة 4 سنوات وقيده بالجبلاية |url=https://www.youm7.com/story/2025/6/10/الأهلي-ينهى-صفقة-ضم-مصطفى-العش-من-زد-لمدة-4/7017106 |publisher=youm7.com |language=ar}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 2000]] dpvkhm9edzugvkh08k0s8sdnh11eksk 830138 830137 2026-05-05T11:35:25Z Engineer014 44591 830138 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mostafa Mahmoud Abdelkader El Aash''' ( Arabic ; an haife shi a ranar 11 ga Oktoba 20l00) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Masar wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan [[Mai buga baya|wasan tsakiya]] na ƙungiyar Al Ahly ta Masar . == Ayyukan kulob din == === Ghazl El Mahalla === El-Aash ya fara tafiyarsa a kwallon kafa tare da Shabab Kom Hamada a rukuni na uku na Masar. Ayyukansa a kakar 2020-21 sun ja hankalin Ghazl El Mahalla SC, wanda ya sami canjinsa na EGP 300,000, tare da sashi na sake sayarwa na 15%. Da yake nuna iyawarsa a matsayin mai tsaron gida, da sauri ya zama fitaccen mai wasan kwaikwayo ga tawagar, duk da gwagwarmayar da ta yi a Gasar Firimiya ta Masar, inda ya sami karbuwa sosai kuma ya jawo hankali daga kungiyoyi masu tasowa.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web |date=24 January 2025 |title=بدأ في كوم حمادة وصاحب حلول دفاعية.. من هو مصطفى العش صفقة الأهلي المرتقبة؟ |url=https://www.yallakora.com/egyptian-league/2935/news/497216/بدأ-في-كوم-حمادة-وصاحب-حلول-دفاعية-من-هو-مصطفى-العش-صفقة-الأهلي-المرتقبة- |publisher=Yallakora |language=ar}}</ref> A ranar 7 ga watan Yunin 2023, ya zira kwallaye na farko a gasar a wasan 1-1 da ya yi da Al Masry.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 2023 |title=غزل المحلة يهدر الفوز على المصري |url=https://www.kooora.com/كرة-قدم/أخبار/غزل-المحلة-يهدر-الفوز-على-المصري/1246296 |publisher=Kooora |language=ar}}</ref> === ZED === A watan Satumbar 2023, El Aash ya koma ZED FC a cikin wani sanannen yarjejeniya da aka ruwaito ya kai EGP miliyan 20 wanda za'a biya Ghazl El Mahalla. Ci gabansa ya ci gaba da ban sha'awa a ZED, inda ya buga wasanni 49 a duk fafatawa. Duk da yake bai yi rajistar wani burin ko taimakawa ba, tsaronsa da kuma sassauci - wanda zai iya aiki a tsakiya da kuma hagu-baya - ya sami yabo daga 'yan kallo da masu horar da su.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web |date=24 January 2025 |title=بدأ في كوم حمادة وصاحب حلول دفاعية.. من هو مصطفى العش صفقة الأهلي المرتقبة؟ |url=https://www.yallakora.com/egyptian-league/2935/news/497216/بدأ-في-كوم-حمادة-وصاحب-حلول-دفاعية-من-هو-مصطفى-العش-صفقة-الأهلي-المرتقبة- |publisher=Yallakora |language=ar}}</ref> === Al Ahly === A watan Janairun 2025, Al Ahly ya sami ayyukan El-Aash da farko akan aro.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web |date=24 January 2025 |title=بدأ في كوم حمادة وصاحب حلول دفاعية.. من هو مصطفى العش صفقة الأهلي المرتقبة؟ |url=https://www.yallakora.com/egyptian-league/2935/news/497216/بدأ-في-كوم-حمادة-وصاحب-حلول-دفاعية-من-هو-مصطفى-العش-صفقة-الأهلي-المرتقبة- |publisher=Yallakora |language=ar}}</ref> A ranar 10 ga Yuni 2025, Al Ahly ya kammala canja wurin har abada, ya sanya hannu kan El‐Aash zuwa kwangilar shekaru huɗu, tare da kuɗin canja wurin da aka kiyasta ya zama EGP miliyan 60.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 June 2025 |title=الأهلي ينهى صفقة ضم مصطفى العش من زد لمدة 4 سنوات وقيده بالجبلاية |url=https://www.youm7.com/story/2025/6/10/الأهلي-ينهى-صفقة-ضم-مصطفى-العش-من-زد-لمدة-4/7017106 |publisher=youm7.com |language=ar}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 2000]] b5re9c8pnbr4j9q57uq0y730v7idy5g 0 149247 830140 2026-05-05T11:36:17Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1324647199|Toni Abad]]" 830140 wikitext text/x-wiki '''An'''Toni''' José''' "Toni" '''Abad Martínez''' (an haife shi a ranar 3 ga watan Nuwamba 1996) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Mutanen Espanya wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai ba da dama ga SD Huesca . == Ayyukan kulob din == An haifi Abad a [[Valencia]], kuma ya kasance matashi ne na kungiyar CF Torre Levante. Ya fara buga wasan farko a ranar 15 ga Afrilu 2015, ya fara ne a wasan da ya yi da CF La Nucía 1-0. Tabbas an inganta shi zuwa babban tawagar a kakar 2015-16, Abad nan da nan ya zama mai farawa na yau da kullun, kuma ya zira kwallaye na farko a ranar 5 ga Maris 2017, inda ya zira kwando na huɗu a cikin nasarar gida 4-2 a kan Ontinyent CF. A ranar 5 ga watan Yulin 2018, ya shiga kungiyar Segunda División B ta CD Badajoz.<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 July 2018 |title=El Badajoz incorpora al carrilero diestro Toni Abad |trans-title=Badajoz sign right back Toni Abad |url=https://badajozdeportes.com/2018/07/05/badajoz-incorpora-al-carrilero-diestro-toni-abad/ |access-date=28 June 2023 |publisher=Badajoz Deportes |language=es}}</ref> A ranar 3 ga Nuwamba 2020, bayan ya kwashe watanni hudu ba tare da aikin yi ba, Abad ya sanya hannu ga Cultural y Deportiva Leonesa kuma a cikin rukuni na uku, <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 November 2020 |title=Toni Abad, nuevo jugador de la Cultural |trans-title=Toni Abad, new Cultural player |url=https://www.diariodeleon.es/articulo/deportes/toni-abad-nuevo-jugador-cultural/202011032020012058084.html |access-date=28 June 2023 |publisher=[[Diario de León]] |language=es}}</ref> kuma ya ƙare kamfen ɗin a matsayin mai farawa. A ranar 5 ga Yulin 2021, ya koma CD Alcoyano a Primera División RFEF . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2021 |title=El Alcoyano ficha al defensa Toni Abad |trans-title=Alcoyano sign defender Toni Abad |url=https://cadenaser.com/emisora/2021/07/02/radio_alcoy/1625229778_271092.html |access-date=28 June 2023 |publisher=[[Cadena SER]] |language=es}}</ref> A ranar 5 ga Yulin 2022, Abad ya amince da yarjejeniya tare da CD Eldense kuma a kashi na uku.<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 July 2022 |title=El Eldense ficha al lateral derecho Toni Abad |trans-title=Eldense sign right back Toni Abad |url=https://cadenaser.com/comunitat-valenciana/2022/07/05/el-eldense-ficha-al-lateral-derecho-toni-abad-radio-elda/ |access-date=28 June 2023 |publisher=[[Cadena SER]] |language=es}}</ref> Wani zaɓi na farko nan da nan, ya ba da gudummawa tare da burin daya a wasanni 41 gabaɗaya yayin da kulob din ya sami ci gaba zuwa Segunda División bayan shekaru 59 da ba ya nan.<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 June 2023 |title=El portero Vallejo y el lateral Abad suben a Segunda División tras rechazarlos la Cultural |trans-title=Goalkeeper Vallejo and full-back Abad are promoted to Segunda División after being rejected by Cultural |url=https://www.diariodeleon.es/articulo/deportes/portero-vallejo-lateral-abad-suben-segunda-division-rechazarlos-cultural/202306270133102349797.html |access-date=28 June 2023 |publisher=[[Diario de León]] |language=es}}</ref> Abad ya fara aikinsa na farko a ranar 13 ga watan Agustan 2023, ya fara ne a nasarar da ya samu 1-0 a kan FC Cartagena . <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 August 2023 |title=El Eldense planta cara y gana en Cartagena |trans-title=Eldense fight off and win in Cartagena |url=https://www.marca.com/futbol/segunda-division/cronica/2023/08/13/64d90faaca4741f3048b459e.html |access-date=14 August 2023 |publisher=[[Marca (newspaper)|Marca]] |language=es}}</ref> A ranar 4 ga watan Yulin, ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru biyu tare da SD Huesca kuma a rukuni na biyu.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 July 2024 |title=Toni Abad, nuevo jugador para el lateral azulgrana |trans-title=Toni Abad, new player for the blue-and-red full-back |url=https://www.sdhuesca.es/noticias/toni-abad-nuevo-jugador-para-el-lateral-azulgrana |access-date=5 July 2024 |publisher=SD Huesca |language=es}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1996]] a9tcuggr3u02b6f5gpydd9y8l7c5z5r 830141 830140 2026-05-05T11:36:34Z Quinlan83 13504 Fix 830141 wikitext text/x-wiki '''An'''Toni''' José''' "Toni" '''Abad Martínez''' (an haife shi a ranar 3 ga watan Nuwamba 1996) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Mutanen Espanya wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai ba da dama ga SD Huesca . == Ayyukan kulob din == An haifi Abad a [[Valencia]], kuma ya kasance matashi ne na kungiyar CF Torre Levante. Ya fara buga wasan farko a ranar 15 ga Afrilu 2015, ya fara ne a wasan da ya yi da CF La Nucía 1-0. Tabbas an inganta shi zuwa babban tawagar a kakar 2015-16, Abad nan da nan ya zama mai farawa na yau da kullun, kuma ya zira kwallaye na farko a ranar 5 ga Maris 2017, inda ya zira kwando na huɗu a cikin nasarar gida 4-2 a kan Ontinyent CF. A ranar 5 ga watan Yulin 2018, ya shiga kungiyar Segunda División B ta CD Badajoz.<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 July 2018 |title=El Badajoz incorpora al carrilero diestro Toni Abad |trans-title=Badajoz sign right back Toni Abad |url=https://badajozdeportes.com/2018/07/05/badajoz-incorpora-al-carrilero-diestro-toni-abad/ |access-date=28 June 2023 |publisher=Badajoz Deportes |language=es}}</ref> A ranar 3 ga Nuwamba 2020, bayan ya kwashe watanni hudu ba tare da aikin yi ba, Abad ya sanya hannu ga Cultural y Deportiva Leonesa kuma a cikin rukuni na uku, <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 November 2020 |title=Toni Abad, nuevo jugador de la Cultural |trans-title=Toni Abad, new Cultural player |url=https://www.diariodeleon.es/articulo/deportes/toni-abad-nuevo-jugador-cultural/202011032020012058084.html |access-date=28 June 2023 |publisher=[[Diario de León]] |language=es}}</ref> kuma ya ƙare kamfen ɗin a matsayin mai farawa. A ranar 5 ga Yulin 2021, ya koma CD Alcoyano a Primera División RFEF . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2021 |title=El Alcoyano ficha al defensa Toni Abad |trans-title=Alcoyano sign defender Toni Abad |url=https://cadenaser.com/emisora/2021/07/02/radio_alcoy/1625229778_271092.html |access-date=28 June 2023 |publisher=[[Cadena SER]] |language=es}}</ref> A ranar 5 ga Yulin 2022, Abad ya amince da yarjejeniya tare da CD Eldense kuma a kashi na uku.<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 July 2022 |title=El Eldense ficha al lateral derecho Toni Abad |trans-title=Eldense sign right back Toni Abad |url=https://cadenaser.com/comunitat-valenciana/2022/07/05/el-eldense-ficha-al-lateral-derecho-toni-abad-radio-elda/ |access-date=28 June 2023 |publisher=[[Cadena SER]] |language=es}}</ref> Wani zaɓi na farko nan da nan, ya ba da gudummawa tare da burin daya a wasanni 41 gabaɗaya yayin da kulob din ya sami ci gaba zuwa Segunda División bayan shekaru 59 da ba ya nan.<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 June 2023 |title=El portero Vallejo y el lateral Abad suben a Segunda División tras rechazarlos la Cultural |trans-title=Goalkeeper Vallejo and full-back Abad are promoted to Segunda División after being rejected by Cultural |url=https://www.diariodeleon.es/articulo/deportes/portero-vallejo-lateral-abad-suben-segunda-division-rechazarlos-cultural/202306270133102349797.html |access-date=28 June 2023 |publisher=[[Diario de León]] |language=es}}</ref> Abad ya fara aikinsa na farko a ranar 13 ga watan Agustan 2023, ya fara ne a nasarar da ya samu 1-0 a kan FC Cartagena . <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 August 2023 |title=El Eldense planta cara y gana en Cartagena |trans-title=Eldense fight off and win in Cartagena |url=https://www.marca.com/futbol/segunda-division/cronica/2023/08/13/64d90faaca4741f3048b459e.html |access-date=14 August 2023 |publisher=[[Marca (newspaper)|Marca]] |language=es}}</ref> A ranar 4 ga watan Yulin, ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru biyu tare da SD Huesca kuma a rukuni na biyu.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 July 2024 |title=Toni Abad, nuevo jugador para el lateral azulgrana |trans-title=Toni Abad, new player for the blue-and-red full-back |url=https://www.sdhuesca.es/noticias/toni-abad-nuevo-jugador-para-el-lateral-azulgrana |access-date=5 July 2024 |publisher=SD Huesca |language=es}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1996]] d6jhcnar2h1rk7t03u3gim5ncvqgwl0 830142 830141 2026-05-05T11:41:56Z Engineer014 44591 830142 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''An'''Toni''' José''' "Toni" '''Abad Martínez''' (an haife shi a ranar 3 ga watan Nuwamba 1996) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Mutanen Espanya wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai ba da dama ga SD Huesca . == Ayyukan kulob din == An haifi Abad a [[Valencia]], kuma ya kasance matashi ne na kungiyar CF Torre Levante. Ya fara buga wasan farko a ranar 15 ga Afrilu 2015, ya fara ne a wasan da ya yi da CF La Nucía 1-0. Tabbas an inganta shi zuwa babban tawagar a kakar 2015-16, Abad nan da nan ya zama mai farawa na yau da kullun, kuma ya zira kwallaye na farko a ranar 5 ga Maris 2017, inda ya zira kwando na huɗu a cikin nasarar gida 4-2 a kan Ontinyent CF. A ranar 5 ga watan Yulin 2018, ya shiga kungiyar Segunda División B ta CD Badajoz.<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 July 2018 |title=El Badajoz incorpora al carrilero diestro Toni Abad |trans-title=Badajoz sign right back Toni Abad |url=https://badajozdeportes.com/2018/07/05/badajoz-incorpora-al-carrilero-diestro-toni-abad/ |access-date=28 June 2023 |publisher=Badajoz Deportes |language=es}}</ref> A ranar 3 ga Nuwamba 2020, bayan ya kwashe watanni hudu ba tare da aikin yi ba, Abad ya sanya hannu ga Cultural y Deportiva Leonesa kuma a cikin rukuni na uku, <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 November 2020 |title=Toni Abad, nuevo jugador de la Cultural |trans-title=Toni Abad, new Cultural player |url=https://www.diariodeleon.es/articulo/deportes/toni-abad-nuevo-jugador-cultural/202011032020012058084.html |access-date=28 June 2023 |publisher=[[Diario de León]] |language=es}}</ref> kuma ya ƙare kamfen ɗin a matsayin mai farawa. A ranar 5 ga Yulin 2021, ya koma CD Alcoyano a Primera División RFEF . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2021 |title=El Alcoyano ficha al defensa Toni Abad |trans-title=Alcoyano sign defender Toni Abad |url=https://cadenaser.com/emisora/2021/07/02/radio_alcoy/1625229778_271092.html |access-date=28 June 2023 |publisher=[[Cadena SER]] |language=es}}</ref> A ranar 5 ga Yulin 2022, Abad ya amince da yarjejeniya tare da CD Eldense kuma a kashi na uku.<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 July 2022 |title=El Eldense ficha al lateral derecho Toni Abad |trans-title=Eldense sign right back Toni Abad |url=https://cadenaser.com/comunitat-valenciana/2022/07/05/el-eldense-ficha-al-lateral-derecho-toni-abad-radio-elda/ |access-date=28 June 2023 |publisher=[[Cadena SER]] |language=es}}</ref> Wani zaɓi na farko nan da nan, ya ba da gudummawa tare da burin daya a wasanni 41 gabaɗaya yayin da kulob din ya sami ci gaba zuwa Segunda División bayan shekaru 59 da ba ya nan.<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 June 2023 |title=El portero Vallejo y el lateral Abad suben a Segunda División tras rechazarlos la Cultural |trans-title=Goalkeeper Vallejo and full-back Abad are promoted to Segunda División after being rejected by Cultural |url=https://www.diariodeleon.es/articulo/deportes/portero-vallejo-lateral-abad-suben-segunda-division-rechazarlos-cultural/202306270133102349797.html |access-date=28 June 2023 |publisher=[[Diario de León]] |language=es}}</ref> Abad ya fara aikinsa na farko a ranar 13 ga watan Agustan 2023, ya fara ne a nasarar da ya samu 1-0 a kan FC Cartagena . <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 August 2023 |title=El Eldense planta cara y gana en Cartagena |trans-title=Eldense fight off and win in Cartagena |url=https://www.marca.com/futbol/segunda-division/cronica/2023/08/13/64d90faaca4741f3048b459e.html |access-date=14 August 2023 |publisher=[[Marca (newspaper)|Marca]] |language=es}}</ref> A ranar 4 ga watan Yulin, ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru biyu tare da SD Huesca kuma a rukuni na biyu.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 July 2024 |title=Toni Abad, nuevo jugador para el lateral azulgrana |trans-title=Toni Abad, new player for the blue-and-red full-back |url=https://www.sdhuesca.es/noticias/toni-abad-nuevo-jugador-para-el-lateral-azulgrana |access-date=5 July 2024 |publisher=SD Huesca |language=es}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1996]] 6istev1aged27lytgjsynvbp0ze5jzp 0 149248 830143 2026-05-05T11:42:18Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1350596187|Liiban Abadid]]" 830143 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Updated|5 May 2025}}'''Liiban Abdirahman Abadid''' (an haife shi a ranar 1 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2002) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Norway wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsakiya na Uts Vila, a aro daga Västerås SK.<ref> Officiellt: Utsiktens BK lånar Liiban Abadid, fotbolltransfers.com, 4 August 2025</ref> == Ayyukan kulob din == Abadid ya shiga IF Brommapojkarna a watan Yulin 2023. Bayan ya kwashe kakar 2024 a aro tare da kulob din Veikkausliiga AC Oulu, Abadid ya shiga Västerås SK a Sweden kan yarjejeniyar shekaru hudu, wanda ya fara a watan Janairun 2025. A ranar 4 ga watan Agustan 2025, an ba da rancen Abadid ga Utsiktens BK don sauran kakar. == Rayuwa ta mutum == An haife shi a Norway, Abadid ya fito ne daga zuriyar Somaliya. == Kididdigar aiki == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Bayyanawa da burin kulob din, kakar wasa da gasa ! rowspan="2" |Kungiyar ! rowspan="2" |Lokacin ! colspan="3" |Ƙungiyar ! colspan="2" |Kofin kasa{{Efn|Includes [[Svenska Cupen]] and [[Suomen Cup]]}} ! colspan="2" |Turai ! colspan="2" |Sauran ! colspan="2" |Jimillar |- !Rarraba !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin |- |KFUM 2 |2019 |4. Rarraba |17 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |17 |0 |- |Rashin jin daɗi IL 2 |2021 |3. Rarraba |7 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |7 |0 |- |Assuriyya BK |2022 |Yankin Yaren mutanen Sweden na 2 |12 |1 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |12 |1 |- |Trollhättan |2023 |Ettan |14 |0 |4 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |18 |0 |- |IF Brommapojkarna |2023 |Allsvenskan |0 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |2 |0 |- |AC Oulu (rashin kuɗi) |2024 |Veikkausliiga |25 |0 |4 |0 | colspan="2" | - |0 |0 |29 |0 |- |Västerås SK |2025 |Superettan |9 |0 |3 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |12 |0 |- |Utsiktens BK (rashin aro) |2025 |Superettan |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |0 |0 |- ! colspan="3" |Cikakken aikinsa !84 !1 !13 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !97 !1 |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2002]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] pundo328z9e1ec05fyfpvzq3gxts8rq 830144 830143 2026-05-05T11:42:30Z Quinlan83 13504 Fix 830144 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Updated|5 May 2025}}'''Liiban Abdirahman Abadid''' (an haife shi a ranar 1 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2002) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Norway wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsakiya na Uts Vila, a aro daga Västerås SK.<ref> Officiellt: Utsiktens BK lånar Liiban Abadid, fotbolltransfers.com, 4 August 2025</ref> == Ayyukan kulob din == Abadid ya shiga IF Brommapojkarna a watan Yulin 2023. Bayan ya kwashe kakar 2024 a aro tare da kulob din Veikkausliiga AC Oulu, Abadid ya shiga Västerås SK a Sweden kan yarjejeniyar shekaru hudu, wanda ya fara a watan Janairun 2025. A ranar 4 ga watan Agustan 2025, an ba da rancen Abadid ga Utsiktens BK don sauran kakar. == Rayuwa ta mutum == An haife shi a Norway, Abadid ya fito ne daga zuriyar Somaliya. == Kididdigar aiki == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Bayyanawa da burin kulob din, kakar wasa da gasa ! rowspan="2" |Kungiyar ! rowspan="2" |Lokacin ! colspan="3" |Ƙungiyar ! colspan="2" |Kofin kasa{{Efn|Includes [[Svenska Cupen]] and [[Suomen Cup]]}} ! colspan="2" |Turai ! colspan="2" |Sauran ! colspan="2" |Jimillar |- !Rarraba !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin |- |KFUM 2 |2019 |4. Rarraba |17 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |17 |0 |- |Rashin jin daɗi IL 2 |2021 |3. Rarraba |7 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |7 |0 |- |Assuriyya BK |2022 |Yankin Yaren mutanen Sweden na 2 |12 |1 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |12 |1 |- |Trollhättan |2023 |Ettan |14 |0 |4 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |18 |0 |- |IF Brommapojkarna |2023 |Allsvenskan |0 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |2 |0 |- |AC Oulu (rashin kuɗi) |2024 |Veikkausliiga |25 |0 |4 |0 | colspan="2" | - |0 |0 |29 |0 |- |Västerås SK |2025 |Superettan |9 |0 |3 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |12 |0 |- |Utsiktens BK (rashin aro) |2025 |Superettan |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |0 |0 |- ! colspan="3" |Cikakken aikinsa !84 !1 !13 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !97 !1 |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2002]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 6ag61q5z6snxiw0qrjat85194n41grp 830145 830144 2026-05-05T11:42:49Z Engineer014 44591 830145 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}{{Updated|5 May 2025}}'''Liiban Abdirahman Abadid''' (an haife shi a ranar 1 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2002) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Norway wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsakiya na Uts Vila, a aro daga Västerås SK.<ref> Officiellt: Utsiktens BK lånar Liiban Abadid, fotbolltransfers.com, 4 August 2025</ref> == Ayyukan kulob din == Abadid ya shiga IF Brommapojkarna a watan Yulin 2023. Bayan ya kwashe kakar 2024 a aro tare da kulob din Veikkausliiga AC Oulu, Abadid ya shiga Västerås SK a Sweden kan yarjejeniyar shekaru hudu, wanda ya fara a watan Janairun 2025. A ranar 4 ga watan Agustan 2025, an ba da rancen Abadid ga Utsiktens BK don sauran kakar. == Rayuwa ta mutum == An haife shi a Norway, Abadid ya fito ne daga zuriyar Somaliya. == Kididdigar aiki == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Bayyanawa da burin kulob din, kakar wasa da gasa ! rowspan="2" |Kungiyar ! rowspan="2" |Lokacin ! colspan="3" |Ƙungiyar ! colspan="2" |Kofin kasa{{Efn|Includes [[Svenska Cupen]] and [[Suomen Cup]]}} ! colspan="2" |Turai ! colspan="2" |Sauran ! colspan="2" |Jimillar |- !Rarraba !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin |- |KFUM 2 |2019 |4. Rarraba |17 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |17 |0 |- |Rashin jin daɗi IL 2 |2021 |3. Rarraba |7 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |7 |0 |- |Assuriyya BK |2022 |Yankin Yaren mutanen Sweden na 2 |12 |1 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |12 |1 |- |Trollhättan |2023 |Ettan |14 |0 |4 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |18 |0 |- |IF Brommapojkarna |2023 |Allsvenskan |0 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |2 |0 |- |AC Oulu (rashin kuɗi) |2024 |Veikkausliiga |25 |0 |4 |0 | colspan="2" | - |0 |0 |29 |0 |- |Västerås SK |2025 |Superettan |9 |0 |3 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |12 |0 |- |Utsiktens BK (rashin aro) |2025 |Superettan |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |0 |0 |- ! colspan="3" |Cikakken aikinsa !84 !1 !13 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !97 !1 |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2002]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] <references /> k8k0j4vywatp61udxsptvs4s0mkezmj 0 149249 830146 2026-05-05T11:43:22Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1349022236|Oumar Abakar]]" 830146 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Oumar Abakar''' (an haife shi a ranar 1 ga Satumba 1979) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar [[Cadi|Chadi]] . Ya buga wasanni 14 a tawagar [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] ta kasar Chadi.<ref name="Bio">{{NFT player|pid=1373|accessdate=12 February 2026}}</ref> == Dubi kuma == * Jerin 'yan wasan kwallon kafa na kasa da kasa na Chadi == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1979]] 5272wggxherf9yfpuhkbuqoh2myasy5 830147 830146 2026-05-05T11:43:38Z Quinlan83 13504 Fix 830147 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Oumar Abakar''' (an haife shi a ranar 1 ga Satumba 1979) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar [[Cadi|Chadi]] . Ya buga wasanni 14 a tawagar [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] ta kasar Chadi.<ref name="Bio">{{NFT player|pid=1373|accessdate=12 February 2026}}</ref> == Dubi kuma == * Jerin 'yan wasan kwallon kafa na kasa da kasa na Chadi == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1979]] e675xe4vudml9spbhe1w2t2tamxts1k 830148 830147 2026-05-05T11:44:29Z Engineer014 44591 830148 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Oumar Abakar''' (an haife shi a ranar 1 ga Satumba 1979) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar [[Cadi|Chadi]] . Ya buga wasanni 14 a tawagar [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] ta kasar Chadi.<ref name="Bio">{{NFT player|pid=1373|accessdate=12 February 2026}}</ref> == Dubi kuma == * Jerin 'yan wasan kwallon kafa na kasa da kasa na Chadi == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1979]] m20vspd610t342hfgos4isv6enqb1nm 0 149250 830149 2026-05-05T11:44:57Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1335876871|Şefik Abalı]]" 830149 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Şefik Abalı''' (an haife shi 7 Yuni 2002) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsakiya. An haife shi a Austria, yana wakiltar Turkiyya a duniya. == Ayyuka == Abalı ya fara aikinsa na farko tare da Wacker Innsbruck II a 1-1 Austrian 2. Liga ta shiga tare da FC Liefering a ranar 29 ga Mayu 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Wacker Innsbruck II vs. Liefering - 29 May 2019 - Soccerway |url=https://ca.soccerway.com/matches/2019/05/29/austria/1-liga/fc-wacker-innsbruck-ii/usk-anif/2802893/ |website=ca.soccerway.com}}</ref> A ranar 1 ga Yulin 2021, ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru hudu tare da Göztepe a Turkiyya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 July 2021 |title=Şefik Abalı Göztepe'mizde |url=https://goztepe.org.tr/Haberler/futbol/sefik-abali-goztepemizde/8391 |access-date=15 September 2021 |publisher=[[Göztepe S.K.|Göztepe]] |language=tr}}</ref> Kwanaki bakwai bayan haka, a ranar 8 ga Yulin 2021, ya shiga SKU Amstetten a kan aro, a baya a Austria.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 July 2021 |title=SEFIK ABALI WECHSELT ZUM SKU ERTL GLAS AMSTETTEN |url=https://www.sku-amstetten.at/aktuelles/news/details/sefik-abali-wechselt-zum-sku-ertl-glas-amstetten |access-date=15 September 2021 |publisher=[[SKU Amstetten]] |language=de}}</ref> Abalı ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru biyu da rabi tare da kungiyar Eerste Divisie ta Dordrecht a ranar 31 ga watan Janairun 2022. Ya fara bugawa kulob din wasa a ranar 4 ga watan Fabrairu, ya zo a matsayin mai maye gurbin Toine van Huizen a wasan 2-2 da Almere City.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dordrecht vs. Almere City – 4 February 2022 – Soccerway |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2022/02/04/netherlands/eerste-divisie/bvo-fc-dordrecht/fc-omniworld/3513017/ |access-date=5 February 2022 |website=int.soccerway.com}}</ref> A ranar 16 ga watan Janairun 2023, Abalı ya koma kungiyar TFF ta biyu ta İskenderunspor kwangilar shekaru 2.5 . [1]<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 January 2023 |title=HOŞ GELDİN ŞEFİK ABALI! |url=https://www.facebook.com/iskenderunspor/posts/pfbid02UcysFuhT1jWCd8Dd7rSD1B1uLtAbjxSQ9BMKLb5S8fSpChpriaDQf1EJ2knzC7Rpl |access-date=23 January 2023 |publisher=İskenderunspor |language=tr}}</ref> dakatar da kwangilar a ranar 29 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 2023. [2] == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == An haife shi a Austria, Abalı ya fito ne daga Zuriyar Turkiyya. Shi matashi ne na kasa da kasa na Austria da Turkiyya. An kira shi ya wakilci Turkiyya U21s a ranar 17 ga Maris 2021. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ümit Milli Takım kadrosu açıklandı |url=https://www.trtspor.com.tr/haber/futbol/milli-futbol-takimlari/umit-milli-takim-kadrosu-aciklandi-228898.html |website=www.trtspor.com.tr}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2002]] n7u87j95iuhk1wdgplrxnh47iiu5z6o 830150 830149 2026-05-05T11:45:16Z Quinlan83 13504 Fix 830150 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Şefik Abalı''' (an haife shi 7 Yuni 2002) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsakiya. An haife shi a Austria, yana wakiltar Turkiyya a duniya. == Ayyuka == Abalı ya fara aikinsa na farko tare da Wacker Innsbruck II a 1-1 Austrian 2. Liga ta shiga tare da FC Liefering a ranar 29 ga Mayu 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Wacker Innsbruck II vs. Liefering - 29 May 2019 - Soccerway |url=https://ca.soccerway.com/matches/2019/05/29/austria/1-liga/fc-wacker-innsbruck-ii/usk-anif/2802893/ |website=ca.soccerway.com}}</ref> A ranar 1 ga Yulin 2021, ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru hudu tare da Göztepe a Turkiyya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 July 2021 |title=Şefik Abalı Göztepe'mizde |url=https://goztepe.org.tr/Haberler/futbol/sefik-abali-goztepemizde/8391 |access-date=15 September 2021 |publisher=[[Göztepe S.K.|Göztepe]] |language=tr}}</ref> Kwanaki bakwai bayan haka, a ranar 8 ga Yulin 2021, ya shiga SKU Amstetten a kan aro, a baya a Austria.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 July 2021 |title=SEFIK ABALI WECHSELT ZUM SKU ERTL GLAS AMSTETTEN |url=https://www.sku-amstetten.at/aktuelles/news/details/sefik-abali-wechselt-zum-sku-ertl-glas-amstetten |access-date=15 September 2021 |publisher=[[SKU Amstetten]] |language=de}}</ref> Abalı ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru biyu da rabi tare da kungiyar Eerste Divisie ta Dordrecht a ranar 31 ga watan Janairun 2022. Ya fara bugawa kulob din wasa a ranar 4 ga watan Fabrairu, ya zo a matsayin mai maye gurbin Toine van Huizen a wasan 2-2 da Almere City.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dordrecht vs. Almere City – 4 February 2022 – Soccerway |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2022/02/04/netherlands/eerste-divisie/bvo-fc-dordrecht/fc-omniworld/3513017/ |access-date=5 February 2022 |website=int.soccerway.com}}</ref> A ranar 16 ga watan Janairun 2023, Abalı ya koma kungiyar TFF ta biyu ta İskenderunspor kwangilar shekaru 2.5 . [1]<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 January 2023 |title=HOŞ GELDİN ŞEFİK ABALI! |url=https://www.facebook.com/iskenderunspor/posts/pfbid02UcysFuhT1jWCd8Dd7rSD1B1uLtAbjxSQ9BMKLb5S8fSpChpriaDQf1EJ2knzC7Rpl |access-date=23 January 2023 |publisher=İskenderunspor |language=tr}}</ref> dakatar da kwangilar a ranar 29 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 2023. [2] == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == An haife shi a Austria, Abalı ya fito ne daga Zuriyar Turkiyya. Shi matashi ne na kasa da kasa na Austria da Turkiyya. An kira shi ya wakilci Turkiyya U21s a ranar 17 ga Maris 2021. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ümit Milli Takım kadrosu açıklandı |url=https://www.trtspor.com.tr/haber/futbol/milli-futbol-takimlari/umit-milli-takim-kadrosu-aciklandi-228898.html |website=www.trtspor.com.tr}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2002]] 9ejvefcfwnrn0kae1ioysv7mrk2bhff 830152 830150 2026-05-05T11:46:33Z Engineer014 44591 830152 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Şefik Abalı''' (an haife shi 7 Yuni 2002) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsakiya. An haife shi a Austria, yana wakiltar Turkiyya a duniya. == Ayyuka == Abalı ya fara aikinsa na farko tare da Wacker Innsbruck II a 1-1 Austrian 2. Liga ta shiga tare da FC Liefering a ranar 29 ga Mayu 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Wacker Innsbruck II vs. Liefering - 29 May 2019 - Soccerway |url=https://ca.soccerway.com/matches/2019/05/29/austria/1-liga/fc-wacker-innsbruck-ii/usk-anif/2802893/ |website=ca.soccerway.com}}</ref> A ranar 1 ga Yulin 2021, ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru hudu tare da Göztepe a Turkiyya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 July 2021 |title=Şefik Abalı Göztepe'mizde |url=https://goztepe.org.tr/Haberler/futbol/sefik-abali-goztepemizde/8391 |access-date=15 September 2021 |publisher=[[Göztepe S.K.|Göztepe]] |language=tr}}</ref> Kwanaki bakwai bayan haka, a ranar 8 ga Yulin 2021, ya shiga SKU Amstetten a kan aro, a baya a Austria.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 July 2021 |title=SEFIK ABALI WECHSELT ZUM SKU ERTL GLAS AMSTETTEN |url=https://www.sku-amstetten.at/aktuelles/news/details/sefik-abali-wechselt-zum-sku-ertl-glas-amstetten |access-date=15 September 2021 |publisher=[[SKU Amstetten]] |language=de}}</ref> Abalı ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru biyu da rabi tare da kungiyar Eerste Divisie ta Dordrecht a ranar 31 ga watan Janairun 2022. Ya fara bugawa kulob din wasa a ranar 4 ga watan Fabrairu, ya zo a matsayin mai maye gurbin Toine van Huizen a wasan 2-2 da Almere City.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dordrecht vs. Almere City – 4 February 2022 – Soccerway |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2022/02/04/netherlands/eerste-divisie/bvo-fc-dordrecht/fc-omniworld/3513017/ |access-date=5 February 2022 |website=int.soccerway.com}}</ref> A ranar 16 ga watan Janairun 2023, Abalı ya koma kungiyar TFF ta biyu ta İskenderunspor kwangilar shekaru 2.5 . [1]<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 January 2023 |title=HOŞ GELDİN ŞEFİK ABALI! |url=https://www.facebook.com/iskenderunspor/posts/pfbid02UcysFuhT1jWCd8Dd7rSD1B1uLtAbjxSQ9BMKLb5S8fSpChpriaDQf1EJ2knzC7Rpl |access-date=23 January 2023 |publisher=İskenderunspor |language=tr}}</ref> dakatar da kwangilar a ranar 29 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 2023. == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == An haife shi a Austria, Abalı ya fito ne daga Zuriyar Turkiyya. Shi matashi ne na kasa da kasa na Austria da Turkiyya. An kira shi ya wakilci Turkiyya U21s a ranar 17 ga Maris 2021. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ümit Milli Takım kadrosu açıklandı |url=https://www.trtspor.com.tr/haber/futbol/milli-futbol-takimlari/umit-milli-takim-kadrosu-aciklandi-228898.html |website=www.trtspor.com.tr}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2002]] c8nlnwo70lbra8s3fezydyj5l29e3t7 0 149251 830153 2026-05-05T11:47:52Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1351171295|James Abankwah]]" 830153 wikitext text/x-wiki '''James Bright Adusei Abankwah''' (an haife shi a ranar 16 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 2004) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Ireland wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida na kungiyar EFL Championship ta Watford, a aro daga kungiyar Jerin A ta [[Udinese Calcio|Udinese]], da kuma tawagar Jamhuriyar Ireland. Abankwah samfurin makarantar matasa ce ta St Patrick's Athletic. == Ayyukan kulob din == === Farkon aiki === An haifi Abankwah a [[Waterford]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=O'Hehir |first=Paul |date=25 May 2022 |title=James Abankwah on why a life on the road is good prep for his Italian job |url=https://www.irishmirror.ie/sport/soccer/soccer-news/james-abankwah-life-road-good-27057978 |website=[[Irish Mirror]]}}</ref> ga iyayen Ghana waɗanda ke aiki a matsayin masu wa'azi na Protestant a Ireland <ref>{{Cite web |last=O'Hehir |first=Paul |date=2022-05-25 |title=James Abankwah on why a life on the road is good prep for his Italian job |url=https://www.irishmirror.ie/sport/soccer/soccer-news/james-abankwah-life-road-good-27057978 |access-date=2026-04-01 |website=Irish Mirror |language=en}}</ref>, kafin su koma Celbridge, sannan zuwa [[Dublin]]" id="mwJw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Lucan, Dublin">Lucan kafin su koma Letterkenny inda suka fara buga kwallon kafa tare da kungiyar Letterkenny Rovers a 2011 <ref>{{Cite web |title=James Abankwah where it all began - Letterkenny Rovers FC |url=https://www.letterkennyroversfc.ie/830600_james-abankwah-where-it-all-began |website=LetterkennyRoversFC.ie}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bonnar |first=Dáire |date=26 January 2022 |title=Ex-Letterkenny Rovers player moves to Italian giants for record fee – Donegal Daily |url=https://www.donegaldaily.com/2022/01/26/ex-letterkenny-rovers-player-moves-to-italian-club-for-6-figure-fee/ |website=[[DonegalDaily.com]]}}</ref> Daga baya ya koma Longford tare da iyalinsa, inda ya buga wa kulob din Melview FC na gida kuma ya wakilci Longford a babbar gasar cin kofin matasa ta Kennedy a matakin kasa da shekaru 14 a shekarar 2016, kafin iyalin suka sake komawa, suka koma Lucan a babban birnin Ireland, Dublin.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Reporter |first=Leader |date=26 January 2022 |title=Former Melview FC Longford rising star James Abankwah set to sign for Italian club Udinese |url=https://www.longfordleader.ie/news/soccer/728526/former-melview-fc-longford-rising-star-james-abankwah-set-to-sign-for-italian-club-udinese.html |website=[[LongfordLeader.ie]]}}</ref> Yayinda yake zaune a Longford, Abankwah ya sanya hannu a kulob din Cherry Orchard na Dublin, yana tafiya zuwa horo na Dublin ta hanyar ɗagawa daga iyayensa da kuma bas, yana da shekaru 12. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 May 2022 |title=Pastor Abankwah guides 'Saint' James on right road to Udinese way |url=https://www.independent.ie/sport/soccer/pastor-abankwah-guides-saint-james-on-right-road-to-udinese-way-41686333.html |website=[[Independent.ie]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=James Abankwah talks about 3 hour bus journeys, a debut against Juventus and 'nightmare' Liverpool striker |url=https://www.fai.ie/latest/james-abankwah-bus-journeys-tough-tackles-and-serie/ |website=[[FAI.ie]]}}</ref> A can ne wasan kwaikwayon da ya yi ya ja hankalin 'yan kallo daga kungiyar St Patrick's Athletic ta League of Ireland wacce ta sanya hannu kan Abankwah don tawagarsu ta kasa da shekaru 15 a watan Janairun 2019, tana da shekaru 14.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Byrne |first=Ruairi Scott |date=25 January 2022 |title=Irish U19 star James Abankwah to join Udinese for League of Ireland record fee |url=https://www.buzz.ie/sport/soccer/st-pats-james-abankwah-udinese-26046107 |website=Buzz.ie}}</ref> A ranar 24 ga Oktoba 2019, Abankwah na daga cikin kungiyar da ta lashe gasar League of Ireland ta kasa da shekaru 15, yayin da suka doke abokan hamayyar Shamrock Rovers 2-1 a Filin wasa na Tallaght don neman kofin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=U15s Clinch League Final |url=http://www.stpatsfc.com/news.php?id=8576 |website=StPatsfc.com}}</ref> Wata daya bayan haka sun kayar da wannan 'yan adawa a wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin kasa da shekaru 15 a kan hukuncin kisa a Richmond Park don lashe sau biyu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=U15s Win Cup On Penalties |url=http://www.stpatsfc.com/news.php?id=8592 |website=[[StPatsFC.com]]}}</ref> A cikin 2020, an ci gaba kai tsaye zuwa ƙungiyar 'yan kasa da shekara 19, shekaru uku sama da shekarunsa, inda a ranar 22 ga Disamba 2020, ya kasance daga cikin ƙungiyar da ta lashe gasar League of Ireland U19 Division Final, ta doke abokan hamayyar Bohemians 2-1 bayan karin lokaci a UCD Bowl don samun damar UEFA Youth League ga kulob din.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fallon |first=John |date=22 December 2020 |title=Darragh Burns hits the winner as Saints claim U19 League of Ireland crown |url=https://www.irishexaminer.com/sport/soccer/arid-40195782.html |website=[[Irish Examiner]]}}</ref> === St Patrick's Athletic === ==== Lokacin 2021 ==== A ranar 7 ga watan Yulin 2021, Abankwah ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar sana'arsa ta farko a kungiyar St Patrick's Athletic ta League of Ireland, bayan ya burge kungiyoyin makarantar kulob din.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Murphy & Abankwah Sign First Pro Contracts |url=http://www.stpatsfc.com/news.php?id=8948 |website=[[StPatsFC.com]]}}</ref> Ya fara bugawa bayan kwana biyu yana da shekaru 17 kawai lokacin da ya sauka daga benci ga Alfie Lewis a minti na 62 na nasarar 1-0 a kan Derry City.<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 July 2021 |title=Derry narrowly lose out 1-0 to St Pat's |url=https://www.derrydaily.net/2021/07/09/derry-narrowly-lose-out-1-0-to-st-pats/}}</ref> Farkonsa na farko a kulob din ya kasance a ranar 3 ga Satumba 2021, nasarar 3-2 a kan Longford Town . <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 September 2021 |title=Billy King wonder strike helps Saints keep up pressure on Hoops |url=https://www.independent.ie/sport/soccer/billy-king-wonder-strike-helps-saints-keep-up-pressure-on-hoops-40816822.html |website=[[Independent.ie]]}}</ref> A ranar 28 ga Nuwamba 2021, ya zama dan wasa mafi ƙanƙanta da ya taɓa fitowa a wasan karshe na FAI Cup yana da shekaru 17 lokacin da ya maye gurbin Paddy Barrett a minti na 80 na wasan karshe na Kofin FAI na 2021, yayin da ƙungiyarsa ta ci abokan hamayyarsa Bohemians 4-3 a kan hukuncin kisa bayan 1-1 draw bayan karin lokaci a gaban rikodin taron FAI Cup na 37,126 a Filin wasa na Aviva .<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 December 2021 |title=Record For Abankwah! |url=https://www.facebook.com/stpatsfc/posts/10159219773962550/ |via=St Patrick's Athletic FC Facebook}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Leahy |first=Ed |date=28 November 2021 |title=Benson spot on as Saints beat Bohs to lift the FAI Cup |url=https://www.rte.ie/sport/soccer/2021/1128/1263634-benson-spot-on-as-saints-beat-bohs-to-lift-the-fai-cup/ |website=[[RTÉ Sport]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=James Abankwah: 'I'm buzzing and absolutely delighted that the deal is done' |url=http://www.extratime.ie/articles/28610/james-abankwah-im-buzzing-and-absolutely-delighted-that-the-deal-is-done/ |website=ExtraTime.com}}</ref> Ya buga wasanni 13 a dukkan gasa a lokacin kakar 2021, na farko a cikin manyan kwallon kafa.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web |title=Republic of Ireland - J. Abankwah - Profile with news, career statistics and history |url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/james-abankwah/669720/ |website=Soccerway.com}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2004]] 6daf8wjmmyooe0bf21u5gw18uq6vtwq 830154 830153 2026-05-05T11:48:14Z Engineer014 44591 830154 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''James Bright Adusei Abankwah''' (an haife shi a ranar 16 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 2004) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Ireland wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida na kungiyar EFL Championship ta Watford, a aro daga kungiyar Jerin A ta [[Udinese Calcio|Udinese]], da kuma tawagar Jamhuriyar Ireland. Abankwah samfurin makarantar matasa ce ta St Patrick's Athletic. == Ayyukan kulob din == === Farkon aiki === An haifi Abankwah a [[Waterford]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=O'Hehir |first=Paul |date=25 May 2022 |title=James Abankwah on why a life on the road is good prep for his Italian job |url=https://www.irishmirror.ie/sport/soccer/soccer-news/james-abankwah-life-road-good-27057978 |website=[[Irish Mirror]]}}</ref> ga iyayen Ghana waɗanda ke aiki a matsayin masu wa'azi na Protestant a Ireland <ref>{{Cite web |last=O'Hehir |first=Paul |date=2022-05-25 |title=James Abankwah on why a life on the road is good prep for his Italian job |url=https://www.irishmirror.ie/sport/soccer/soccer-news/james-abankwah-life-road-good-27057978 |access-date=2026-04-01 |website=Irish Mirror |language=en}}</ref>, kafin su koma Celbridge, sannan zuwa [[Dublin]]" id="mwJw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Lucan, Dublin">Lucan kafin su koma Letterkenny inda suka fara buga kwallon kafa tare da kungiyar Letterkenny Rovers a 2011 <ref>{{Cite web |title=James Abankwah where it all began - Letterkenny Rovers FC |url=https://www.letterkennyroversfc.ie/830600_james-abankwah-where-it-all-began |website=LetterkennyRoversFC.ie}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bonnar |first=Dáire |date=26 January 2022 |title=Ex-Letterkenny Rovers player moves to Italian giants for record fee – Donegal Daily |url=https://www.donegaldaily.com/2022/01/26/ex-letterkenny-rovers-player-moves-to-italian-club-for-6-figure-fee/ |website=[[DonegalDaily.com]]}}</ref> Daga baya ya koma Longford tare da iyalinsa, inda ya buga wa kulob din Melview FC na gida kuma ya wakilci Longford a babbar gasar cin kofin matasa ta Kennedy a matakin kasa da shekaru 14 a shekarar 2016, kafin iyalin suka sake komawa, suka koma Lucan a babban birnin Ireland, Dublin.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Reporter |first=Leader |date=26 January 2022 |title=Former Melview FC Longford rising star James Abankwah set to sign for Italian club Udinese |url=https://www.longfordleader.ie/news/soccer/728526/former-melview-fc-longford-rising-star-james-abankwah-set-to-sign-for-italian-club-udinese.html |website=[[LongfordLeader.ie]]}}</ref> Yayinda yake zaune a Longford, Abankwah ya sanya hannu a kulob din Cherry Orchard na Dublin, yana tafiya zuwa horo na Dublin ta hanyar ɗagawa daga iyayensa da kuma bas, yana da shekaru 12. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 May 2022 |title=Pastor Abankwah guides 'Saint' James on right road to Udinese way |url=https://www.independent.ie/sport/soccer/pastor-abankwah-guides-saint-james-on-right-road-to-udinese-way-41686333.html |website=[[Independent.ie]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=James Abankwah talks about 3 hour bus journeys, a debut against Juventus and 'nightmare' Liverpool striker |url=https://www.fai.ie/latest/james-abankwah-bus-journeys-tough-tackles-and-serie/ |website=[[FAI.ie]]}}</ref> A can ne wasan kwaikwayon da ya yi ya ja hankalin 'yan kallo daga kungiyar St Patrick's Athletic ta League of Ireland wacce ta sanya hannu kan Abankwah don tawagarsu ta kasa da shekaru 15 a watan Janairun 2019, tana da shekaru 14.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Byrne |first=Ruairi Scott |date=25 January 2022 |title=Irish U19 star James Abankwah to join Udinese for League of Ireland record fee |url=https://www.buzz.ie/sport/soccer/st-pats-james-abankwah-udinese-26046107 |website=Buzz.ie}}</ref> A ranar 24 ga Oktoba 2019, Abankwah na daga cikin kungiyar da ta lashe gasar League of Ireland ta kasa da shekaru 15, yayin da suka doke abokan hamayyar Shamrock Rovers 2-1 a Filin wasa na Tallaght don neman kofin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=U15s Clinch League Final |url=http://www.stpatsfc.com/news.php?id=8576 |website=StPatsfc.com}}</ref> Wata daya bayan haka sun kayar da wannan 'yan adawa a wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin kasa da shekaru 15 a kan hukuncin kisa a Richmond Park don lashe sau biyu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=U15s Win Cup On Penalties |url=http://www.stpatsfc.com/news.php?id=8592 |website=[[StPatsFC.com]]}}</ref> A cikin 2020, an ci gaba kai tsaye zuwa ƙungiyar 'yan kasa da shekara 19, shekaru uku sama da shekarunsa, inda a ranar 22 ga Disamba 2020, ya kasance daga cikin ƙungiyar da ta lashe gasar League of Ireland U19 Division Final, ta doke abokan hamayyar Bohemians 2-1 bayan karin lokaci a UCD Bowl don samun damar UEFA Youth League ga kulob din.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fallon |first=John |date=22 December 2020 |title=Darragh Burns hits the winner as Saints claim U19 League of Ireland crown |url=https://www.irishexaminer.com/sport/soccer/arid-40195782.html |website=[[Irish Examiner]]}}</ref> === St Patrick's Athletic === ==== Lokacin 2021 ==== A ranar 7 ga watan Yulin 2021, Abankwah ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar sana'arsa ta farko a kungiyar St Patrick's Athletic ta League of Ireland, bayan ya burge kungiyoyin makarantar kulob din.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Murphy & Abankwah Sign First Pro Contracts |url=http://www.stpatsfc.com/news.php?id=8948 |website=[[StPatsFC.com]]}}</ref> Ya fara bugawa bayan kwana biyu yana da shekaru 17 kawai lokacin da ya sauka daga benci ga Alfie Lewis a minti na 62 na nasarar 1-0 a kan Derry City.<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 July 2021 |title=Derry narrowly lose out 1-0 to St Pat's |url=https://www.derrydaily.net/2021/07/09/derry-narrowly-lose-out-1-0-to-st-pats/}}</ref> Farkonsa na farko a kulob din ya kasance a ranar 3 ga Satumba 2021, nasarar 3-2 a kan Longford Town . <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 September 2021 |title=Billy King wonder strike helps Saints keep up pressure on Hoops |url=https://www.independent.ie/sport/soccer/billy-king-wonder-strike-helps-saints-keep-up-pressure-on-hoops-40816822.html |website=[[Independent.ie]]}}</ref> A ranar 28 ga Nuwamba 2021, ya zama dan wasa mafi ƙanƙanta da ya taɓa fitowa a wasan karshe na FAI Cup yana da shekaru 17 lokacin da ya maye gurbin Paddy Barrett a minti na 80 na wasan karshe na Kofin FAI na 2021, yayin da ƙungiyarsa ta ci abokan hamayyarsa Bohemians 4-3 a kan hukuncin kisa bayan 1-1 draw bayan karin lokaci a gaban rikodin taron FAI Cup na 37,126 a Filin wasa na Aviva .<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 December 2021 |title=Record For Abankwah! |url=https://www.facebook.com/stpatsfc/posts/10159219773962550/ |via=St Patrick's Athletic FC Facebook}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Leahy |first=Ed |date=28 November 2021 |title=Benson spot on as Saints beat Bohs to lift the FAI Cup |url=https://www.rte.ie/sport/soccer/2021/1128/1263634-benson-spot-on-as-saints-beat-bohs-to-lift-the-fai-cup/ |website=[[RTÉ Sport]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=James Abankwah: 'I'm buzzing and absolutely delighted that the deal is done' |url=http://www.extratime.ie/articles/28610/james-abankwah-im-buzzing-and-absolutely-delighted-that-the-deal-is-done/ |website=ExtraTime.com}}</ref> Ya buga wasanni 13 a dukkan gasa a lokacin kakar 2021, na farko a cikin manyan kwallon kafa.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web |title=Republic of Ireland - J. Abankwah - Profile with news, career statistics and history |url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/james-abankwah/669720/ |website=Soccerway.com}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2004]] 6h1jtxa5ibp36b0cn9e7gii48xdqocc 830155 830154 2026-05-05T11:48:31Z Quinlan83 13504 Fix 830155 wikitext text/x-wiki '''James Bright Adusei Abankwah''' (an haife shi a ranar 16 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 2004) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Ireland wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida na kungiyar EFL Championship ta Watford, a aro daga kungiyar Jerin A ta [[Udinese Calcio|Udinese]], da kuma tawagar Jamhuriyar Ireland. Abankwah samfurin makarantar matasa ce ta St Patrick's Athletic. == Ayyukan kulob din == === Farkon aiki === An haifi Abankwah a [[Waterford]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=O'Hehir |first=Paul |date=25 May 2022 |title=James Abankwah on why a life on the road is good prep for his Italian job |url=https://www.irishmirror.ie/sport/soccer/soccer-news/james-abankwah-life-road-good-27057978 |website=[[Irish Mirror]]}}</ref> ga iyayen Ghana waɗanda ke aiki a matsayin masu wa'azi na Protestant a Ireland <ref>{{Cite web |last=O'Hehir |first=Paul |date=2022-05-25 |title=James Abankwah on why a life on the road is good prep for his Italian job |url=https://www.irishmirror.ie/sport/soccer/soccer-news/james-abankwah-life-road-good-27057978 |access-date=2026-04-01 |website=Irish Mirror |language=en}}</ref>, kafin su koma Celbridge, sannan zuwa [[Dublin]]" id="mwJw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Lucan, Dublin">Lucan kafin su koma Letterkenny inda suka fara buga kwallon kafa tare da kungiyar Letterkenny Rovers a 2011 <ref>{{Cite web |title=James Abankwah where it all began - Letterkenny Rovers FC |url=https://www.letterkennyroversfc.ie/830600_james-abankwah-where-it-all-began |website=LetterkennyRoversFC.ie}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bonnar |first=Dáire |date=26 January 2022 |title=Ex-Letterkenny Rovers player moves to Italian giants for record fee – Donegal Daily |url=https://www.donegaldaily.com/2022/01/26/ex-letterkenny-rovers-player-moves-to-italian-club-for-6-figure-fee/ |website=[[DonegalDaily.com]]}}</ref> Daga baya ya koma Longford tare da iyalinsa, inda ya buga wa kulob din Melview FC na gida kuma ya wakilci Longford a babbar gasar cin kofin matasa ta Kennedy a matakin kasa da shekaru 14 a shekarar 2016, kafin iyalin suka sake komawa, suka koma Lucan a babban birnin Ireland, Dublin.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Reporter |first=Leader |date=26 January 2022 |title=Former Melview FC Longford rising star James Abankwah set to sign for Italian club Udinese |url=https://www.longfordleader.ie/news/soccer/728526/former-melview-fc-longford-rising-star-james-abankwah-set-to-sign-for-italian-club-udinese.html |website=[[LongfordLeader.ie]]}}</ref> Yayinda yake zaune a Longford, Abankwah ya sanya hannu a kulob din Cherry Orchard na Dublin, yana tafiya zuwa horo na Dublin ta hanyar ɗagawa daga iyayensa da kuma bas, yana da shekaru 12. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 May 2022 |title=Pastor Abankwah guides 'Saint' James on right road to Udinese way |url=https://www.independent.ie/sport/soccer/pastor-abankwah-guides-saint-james-on-right-road-to-udinese-way-41686333.html |website=[[Independent.ie]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=James Abankwah talks about 3 hour bus journeys, a debut against Juventus and 'nightmare' Liverpool striker |url=https://www.fai.ie/latest/james-abankwah-bus-journeys-tough-tackles-and-serie/ |website=[[FAI.ie]]}}</ref> A can ne wasan kwaikwayon da ya yi ya ja hankalin 'yan kallo daga kungiyar St Patrick's Athletic ta League of Ireland wacce ta sanya hannu kan Abankwah don tawagarsu ta kasa da shekaru 15 a watan Janairun 2019, tana da shekaru 14.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Byrne |first=Ruairi Scott |date=25 January 2022 |title=Irish U19 star James Abankwah to join Udinese for League of Ireland record fee |url=https://www.buzz.ie/sport/soccer/st-pats-james-abankwah-udinese-26046107 |website=Buzz.ie}}</ref> A ranar 24 ga Oktoba 2019, Abankwah na daga cikin kungiyar da ta lashe gasar League of Ireland ta kasa da shekaru 15, yayin da suka doke abokan hamayyar Shamrock Rovers 2-1 a Filin wasa na Tallaght don neman kofin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=U15s Clinch League Final |url=http://www.stpatsfc.com/news.php?id=8576 |website=StPatsfc.com}}</ref> Wata daya bayan haka sun kayar da wannan 'yan adawa a wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin kasa da shekaru 15 a kan hukuncin kisa a Richmond Park don lashe sau biyu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=U15s Win Cup On Penalties |url=http://www.stpatsfc.com/news.php?id=8592 |website=[[StPatsFC.com]]}}</ref> A cikin 2020, an ci gaba kai tsaye zuwa ƙungiyar 'yan kasa da shekara 19, shekaru uku sama da shekarunsa, inda a ranar 22 ga Disamba 2020, ya kasance daga cikin ƙungiyar da ta lashe gasar League of Ireland U19 Division Final, ta doke abokan hamayyar Bohemians 2-1 bayan karin lokaci a UCD Bowl don samun damar UEFA Youth League ga kulob din.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fallon |first=John |date=22 December 2020 |title=Darragh Burns hits the winner as Saints claim U19 League of Ireland crown |url=https://www.irishexaminer.com/sport/soccer/arid-40195782.html |website=[[Irish Examiner]]}}</ref> === St Patrick's Athletic === ==== Lokacin 2021 ==== A ranar 7 ga watan Yulin 2021, Abankwah ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar sana'arsa ta farko a kungiyar St Patrick's Athletic ta League of Ireland, bayan ya burge kungiyoyin makarantar kulob din.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Murphy & Abankwah Sign First Pro Contracts |url=http://www.stpatsfc.com/news.php?id=8948 |website=[[StPatsFC.com]]}}</ref> Ya fara bugawa bayan kwana biyu yana da shekaru 17 kawai lokacin da ya sauka daga benci ga Alfie Lewis a minti na 62 na nasarar 1-0 a kan Derry City.<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 July 2021 |title=Derry narrowly lose out 1-0 to St Pat's |url=https://www.derrydaily.net/2021/07/09/derry-narrowly-lose-out-1-0-to-st-pats/}}</ref> Farkonsa na farko a kulob din ya kasance a ranar 3 ga Satumba 2021, nasarar 3-2 a kan Longford Town . <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 September 2021 |title=Billy King wonder strike helps Saints keep up pressure on Hoops |url=https://www.independent.ie/sport/soccer/billy-king-wonder-strike-helps-saints-keep-up-pressure-on-hoops-40816822.html |website=[[Independent.ie]]}}</ref> A ranar 28 ga Nuwamba 2021, ya zama dan wasa mafi ƙanƙanta da ya taɓa fitowa a wasan karshe na FAI Cup yana da shekaru 17 lokacin da ya maye gurbin Paddy Barrett a minti na 80 na wasan karshe na Kofin FAI na 2021, yayin da ƙungiyarsa ta ci abokan hamayyarsa Bohemians 4-3 a kan hukuncin kisa bayan 1-1 draw bayan karin lokaci a gaban rikodin taron FAI Cup na 37,126 a Filin wasa na Aviva .<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 December 2021 |title=Record For Abankwah! |url=https://www.facebook.com/stpatsfc/posts/10159219773962550/ |via=St Patrick's Athletic FC Facebook}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Leahy |first=Ed |date=28 November 2021 |title=Benson spot on as Saints beat Bohs to lift the FAI Cup |url=https://www.rte.ie/sport/soccer/2021/1128/1263634-benson-spot-on-as-saints-beat-bohs-to-lift-the-fai-cup/ |website=[[RTÉ Sport]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=James Abankwah: 'I'm buzzing and absolutely delighted that the deal is done' |url=http://www.extratime.ie/articles/28610/james-abankwah-im-buzzing-and-absolutely-delighted-that-the-deal-is-done/ |website=ExtraTime.com}}</ref> Ya buga wasanni 13 a dukkan gasa a lokacin kakar 2021, na farko a cikin manyan kwallon kafa.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web |title=Republic of Ireland - J. Abankwah - Profile with news, career statistics and history |url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/james-abankwah/669720/ |website=Soccerway.com}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2004]] koxyv71i48e9zn15576oyhtlkhe6xmp 0 149252 830157 2026-05-05T11:49:13Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1308799434|Eli Abarbanel]]" 830157 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Eli Abarbanel''' (Ibraniyawa: אלי אברבנל; an haife shi a ranar 22 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 1976) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Isra'ila da ya yi ritaya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Eli Abarbanel |url=http://hpt.co.il/?ShowPlayer=235 |access-date=21 February 2013 |website=hpt.co.il}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1976]] 4a54wa0exkas1g2so38i2bja7pe1e36 830158 830157 2026-05-05T11:49:27Z Quinlan83 13504 Fix 830158 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Eli Abarbanel''' (Ibraniyawa: אלי אברבנל; an haife shi a ranar 22 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 1976) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Isra'ila da ya yi ritaya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Eli Abarbanel |url=http://hpt.co.il/?ShowPlayer=235 |access-date=21 February 2013 |website=hpt.co.il}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1976]] mlc5tab7hhpjcf0a3oqbox25p32jihm 830159 830158 2026-05-05T11:50:56Z Engineer014 44591 830159 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Eli Abarbanel''' (Ibraniyawa: אלי אברבנל; an haife shi a ranar 22 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 1976) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Isra'ila da ya yi ritaya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Eli Abarbanel |url=http://hpt.co.il/?ShowPlayer=235 |access-date=21 February 2013 |website=hpt.co.il}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1976]] 4forxutt0c41i3f5y0qom527891mql4 0 149253 830161 2026-05-05T11:53:53Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1344314572|Juan Abarca]]" 830161 wikitext text/x-wiki Juan René Abarca Fuentes (an haife shi a ranar 7 ga watan Disamba, shekara ta 1988) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Chile wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsakiya na Janar Velásquez . == Ayyuka == A watan Janairun 2012, yana cikin shari'a a kungiyar Dutch FC Twente amma ba a ba shi kwangila ba. A cikin 2022, Abarca ya koma Rangers na Talca bayan ya kasance tare da su a cikin 2019. <ref>{{Cite tweet|user=Rangersdetalca_}}</ref> A cikin 2026, Abarca ya koma Janar Velásquez bayan shekaru biyu tare da Lardin Osorno . == Daraja == ; Jami'ar Chile * Sashe na farko na Chile (2): 2011 Apertura, 2011-C * Kofin Kudancin Amurka (1): 2011 ; Chile U21 * Gasar Toulon (1): 2009 == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] btwd0el7c88tea585gcaycbz2nibnnp 830162 830161 2026-05-05T11:54:07Z Quinlan83 13504 Fix 830162 wikitext text/x-wiki Juan René Abarca Fuentes (an haife shi a ranar 7 ga watan Disamba, shekara ta 1988) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Chile wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsakiya na Janar Velásquez . == Ayyuka == A watan Janairun 2012, yana cikin shari'a a kungiyar Dutch FC Twente amma ba a ba shi kwangila ba. A cikin 2022, Abarca ya koma Rangers na Talca bayan ya kasance tare da su a cikin 2019. <ref>{{Cite tweet|user=Rangersdetalca_}}</ref> A cikin 2026, Abarca ya koma Janar Velásquez bayan shekaru biyu tare da Lardin Osorno . == Daraja == ; Jami'ar Chile * Sashe na farko na Chile (2): 2011 Apertura, 2011-C * Kofin Kudancin Amurka (1): 2011 ; Chile U21 * Gasar Toulon (1): 2009 == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] 5cofb6xgqmy1sv3jn2scmhc7onuoqwj 830163 830162 2026-05-05T11:54:36Z Engineer014 44591 830163 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Juan René Abarca Fuentes''' (an haife shi a ranar 7 ga watan Disamba, shekara ta 1988) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Chile wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsakiya na Janar Velásquez . == Ayyuka == A watan Janairun 2012, yana cikin shari'a a kungiyar Dutch FC Twente amma ba a ba shi kwangila ba. A cikin 2022, Abarca ya koma Rangers na Talca bayan ya kasance tare da su a cikin 2019. <ref>{{Cite tweet|user=Rangersdetalca_}}</ref> A cikin 2026, Abarca ya koma Janar Velásquez bayan shekaru biyu tare da Lardin Osorno . == Daraja == ; Jami'ar Chile * Sashe na farko na Chile (2): 2011 Apertura, 2011-C * Kofin Kudancin Amurka (1): 2011 ; Chile U21 * Gasar Toulon (1): 2009 == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] 1bqvjx95g6fp1xq3ia7fvzi1rw386b0 0 149254 830165 2026-05-05T11:57:08Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1316980530|Luis Abarca]]" 830165 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Reflist}}'''Luis Abarca''' (an haife shi a ranar 28 ga watan Yunin shekara ta 1965) shi ne kocin [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] na Chile kuma tsohon dan wasa. Ya taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida. == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == Abarca ta samu jimlar kwallo uku ga tawagar kasar Chile a shekarar 1991.<ref>{{Cite web |title=[30/05/1991] Chile-Uruguay {{!}} 2:1 |url=https://www.partidosdelaroja.com/1991/05/30051991-chile-uruguay-21.html |access-date=31 August 2025 |language=es}}</ref> == Nasarorin da aka samu == '''Jami'ar Katolika''' * 1983 Kofin Jamhuriyar * Kofin Chile: {{Interlanguage link|1983 Copa Chile|es|Copa Polla Gol 1983|lt=1984|vertical-align=sup}} * Sashe na farko na Chile: 1984, 1987 '''Jami'ar Chile''' * Sashe na farko na Chile: 1994, 1995 == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1964]] niaiw0fq3401pa6l6iqy3cwdifqotsg 830166 830165 2026-05-05T11:57:56Z Engineer014 44591 830166 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Luis Abarca''' (an haife shi a ranar 28 ga watan Yunin shekara ta 1965) shi ne kocin [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] na Chile kuma tsohon dan wasa. Ya taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida. == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == Abarca ta samu jimlar kwallo uku ga tawagar kasar Chile a shekarar 1991.<ref>{{Cite web |title=[30/05/1991] Chile-Uruguay {{!}} 2:1 |url=https://www.partidosdelaroja.com/1991/05/30051991-chile-uruguay-21.html |access-date=31 August 2025 |language=es}}</ref> == Nasarorin da aka samu == '''Jami'ar Katolika''' * 1983 Kofin Jamhuriyar * Kofin Chile: {{Interlanguage link|1983 Copa Chile|es|Copa Polla Gol 1983|lt=1984|vertical-align=sup}} * Sashe na farko na Chile: 1984, 1987 '''Jami'ar Chile''' * Sashe na farko na Chile: 1994, 1995 == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1964]] qr87in25rl343jo15k40wa53u9k9nrk 0 149255 830167 2026-05-05T11:58:38Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1348043524|Jacques Abardonado]]" 830167 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jacques Abardonado''' (an haife shi 27 Mayu 1978) shi ne kocin kwallon kafa na Faransa kuma tsohon dan wasa, a halin yanzu mataimakin kocin kungiyar [[Ligue 1|Lig 1]] ta Marseille . == Ayyuka == Abardonado ya shiga Marseille a matsayin dan wasa a shekarar 1996, ya fito ne daga Marseille Endoume . Ya ƙare aikinsa na sana'a a OM a shekarar 2014 don neman horo. Tsakanin 2014 da 2023, ya rike matsayi da yawa a cikin kulob din: mataimakin kocin tawagar ajiya, kocin tawayen matasa, mataimakin U19s, mataimakan tawagar farko, kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin kocin wucin gadi tsakanin tashiwar Marcelino da isowar Gennaro Gattuso. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fayet |first=Mathias |date=2024-04-06 |title=OM : très belle nouvelle pour un enfant du club |url=https://www.onzemondial.com/ligue-1/om-tres-belle-nouvelle-pour-un-enfant-du-club-880812 |access-date=2025-05-28 |website=Onze Mondial |language=fr}}</ref> A watan Fabrairun 2026, an sake nada shi manajan mai kulawa bayan ficewar [[Roberto De Zerbi]]. == Rayuwa ta mutum == Abardonado dan asalin Mutanen Espanya ne ta hanyar mahaifinsa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 April 2016 |title=" Mon père voulait que je sois musicien ou footballeur " |url=https://www.sofoot.com/mon-pere-voulait-que-je-sois-musicien-ou-footballeur-220811.html}}</ref> Dan uwansa shine ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Faransa André-Pierre Gignac . Ya girma a La Castellane . <ref>{{Cite web |title=OM : gitan, cousin de Gignac, né comme Zidane et volcanique... Qui est Jacques "Pancho" Abardonado, entraîneur intérimaire de Marseille |url=https://www.ladepeche.fr/2023/09/21/om-gitan-cousin-de-gignac-ne-comme-zidane-et-volcanique-qui-est-jacques-pancho-abardonado-entraineur-interimaire-de-marseille-11468530.php |access-date=8 January 2024 |website=ladepeche.fr |language=fr}}</ref> == Daraja == '''Marseille''' * Wanda ya ci gaba da cin Kofin UEFA: 1998-991998–99 '''Gabas ta Tsakiya''' * Kofin Faransa: 2001-022001–02 * Kofin Lig na biyu: 2001-022001–02 == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1978]] 3i0mv0qowequicwh82xrziqz6rexhgs