Wikipedia hawiki https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babban_shafi MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.9 first-letter Midiya Musamman Tattaunawa User Tattaunawar user Wikipedia Tattaunawar Wikipedia Fayil Tattaunawar fayil MediaWiki Tattaunawar MediaWiki Samfuri Tattaunawar samfuri Taimako Tattaunawar taimako Rukuni Tattaunawar rukuni TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 2283 878669 860513 2026-07-07T20:49:17Z Kamala Murtala Dutsen kura 46459 /* Ayyukan kiɗa */ 878669 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Databox}} Alhaji (Dr) '''Mamman Shata''' pronunciationⓘ MON (an haife shi a shekara ta dubu daya,da dari tara, da ashirin, da uku 1923 a Musawa, [[Katsina (jiha)|Jihar Katsina]], [[Najeriya]], ya mutu a ranar 18 ga Yuni 1999) ya kasance mawaƙan Najeriya. Ya kasance sanannen [[griot]] / mawaƙi a tsakanin mutanen Hausa na [[Afirka ta Yamma|Yammacin Afirka]]. Sau da yawa ana haɗa muryarsa da drum din da ke magana, wanda aka sani da kalangu. Ya fi yin wa mutanen Arewacin Najeriya, da farko a cikin [[Harshen Hausa]], sama da rabin karni. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Mamman Shata ne a cikin dangin kabilar [[Fulani]]. Mahaifiyarsa, sunanta Lariya, Fulanin-Borno, ma'ana ita yar filanin barno ce, mutane Fulani waɗanda suka yi ƙaura daga [[Daular Kanem-Bornu|Daular Borno]] bayan [[Jihadin shehu usman Danfodio|Jihad na Fulani na shekarar dubu daya, da dari takwas, da hudu 1804]] kuma suka zauna a wasu sassan [[Hausa Bakwai|Hausaland]]. An haife ta ne a [[Tofa, Kano|Garin Tofa]] a [[Masarautar Kano]] kuma ta sadu da mahaifin Shata, Ibrahim Yaro, lokacin da ta ziyarci dangi a [[Musawa]] . Daga baya, sun yi aure. Lariya tana da ɗa, Ali, daga auren da ya gabata kuma tana da 'ya'ya biyu tare da Yaro, Mamman Shata da' yar'uwarsa Yalwa . Ibrahim Yaro kuma ya kasance daga kabilar Fulani. Kakanninsa sun fito ne daga Sanyinna a [[Sokoto (jiha)|Jihar Sokoto]]. Sun yi ƙaura zuwa [[Katsina (jiha)|Jihar Katsina]] kuma sun zauna a cikin gandun daji a kusa da yankin [[Musawa]] na yanzu. An yaba musu da kafa Musawa kanta, tare da Musa, shugaban su, sun kafa wani karamin yanki wanda daga baya aka sanya masa suna. Garin Musawa yana ƙarƙashin Hukumar 'yan asalin Katsina (N.A.) lokacin da aka haifi Shata. Lokacin da aka kirkiro kananan hukumomi ya zo karkashin [[Kankia|Karamar Hukumar Kankia]]. A yau, Musawa yanki ne na karamar hukuma a jihar Katsina. Ibrahim Yaro bai so ɗansa ya zama mawaƙi ba saboda imani da aka yi da shi cewa kiɗa ko waƙoƙin yabo wani nau'i ne na 'roko' ko bara. Mahaifinsa, kasancewar mutumin Fulani ne, yana son saurayi Shata ya zama manomi ko ɗan kasuwa, ko dai daga cikinsu ya fi daraja. Saboda haka, an ga dagewar Shata na zama mawaƙi a matsayin tawaye ga al'ada. Shata ya tafi makarantar Islama a Musawa tun yana yaro, bisa ga al'adar Musulmi ta Hausa. Mamman Shata ya sami lakabi na 'Shata' daga wani mutum mai suna Baba Salamu, danginsa. Shata tun yana saurayi ya shiga sayar da kwayoyi kuma bayan sayarwa zai raba ribar ga mutanen da ya sadu da su a kan hanyarsa ta gida ko a kasuwa kuma ya dawo da hannu mara kyau. A duk lokacin da aka tambaye shi abin da ya yi da kuɗin da ya yi, zai amsa, "Na yi shata da su," watau ya ba da shi. A sakamakon haka, Baba Salamu ya fara kiransa 'Mai-Shata', ma'ana wanda ke lalata nasarorin da ya samu. Shata ya fara raira waƙa tare da wasu matasa don nishaɗi a filin ƙauyen ("dandali") bayan abincin maraice. Kwarewarsa ta karu har sai da ya wuce sauran matasa. Amma yana yin hakan ba don samun riba ba; kawai aikin matasa ne. == Ayyukan kiɗa == Daga baya ya watsar da kasuwancin sayar da kayan zaki kuma ya rungumi kiɗa ko waƙoƙin yabo na cikakken lokaci. Wannan sana'a ta kai shi ƙauyuka da yawa a yankin Musawa. A ƙarshe, ya zauna a [[Bakori]] bayan mai ba da gudummawa, Abdullahi Inde, yarima na Musawa wanda ke aiki a can a matsayin jami'in Native Authority wanda ke kula da sayen auduga da groundnuts, ya nemi ya tura wani can. A Bakori, Shata ya auri matarsa ta farko, Iya, wanda ainihin sunanta shine Binta. Suna da 'yar, Amina, wacce ta mutu tun tana jariri. Daga sansaninsa a [[Bakori]], Shata, tare da ƙungiyarsa, sun zagaya duk [[Yankin Arewacin Najeriya|Arewacin Najeriya]] ciki har da [[Katsina (jiha)|Katsina]], [[Sokoto (jiha)|Sokoto]] da [[Kano (jiha)|Kano]], wanda ya fara ziyarta a ƙarshen '40s. A shekarar 1952 shahararsa ta fara bayyana a [[Kano (jiha)|Kano]] bayan ya yi a wani bikin aure da aka sani da "Bikin 'Yan Sarki" (Wedding of the Princes) inda wasu sanannun sarakuna 12 na Kano suka yi aure. A shekara ta 1960 ya koma Funtua, wani gari mai zaman kansa ba da nisa da Bakori. Shata ya sanya Funtua gidansa na kimanin shekaru arba'in - har zuwa mutuwarsa. Shata ba zai iya tunawa ko tunawa da yawan waƙoƙin da ya samar ba, amma an yi imanin cewa suna cikin dubban. Yawancin waƙoƙinsa, musamman waɗanda ya samar a lokacin da yake matashi, ba a rubuta su ba. Kungiyarsa yawanci ta kunshi maza 12, masu bugawa shida da mawaƙa shida. Ya sanya hannu tare da lakabin rikodin EMI a cikin shekarun 1980 ya zama babban tauraron su. Daga baya ya bar EMI kuma ya shiga Polygram Records . <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Babah |first=Chinedu |date=2017-03-20 |title=SHATTA, Mamman |url=https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/shatta-mamman/ |access-date=2023-05-13 |website=Biographical Legacy and Research Foundation |language=en-US}}</ref> Shata ya shahara da raira waƙa ga kowane batu a ƙarƙashin rana ta ƙasar Hausa: noma, al'adu, addini, tattalin arziki, siyasa, soja, ɗabi'a da halaye, dabbobi, kasuwanci, da dai sauransu. Ya kuma raira waƙa game da hadin kai da kuma bukatar farfadowa a ƙarshen [[Yaƙin basasan Najeriya|Yaƙin basasar Najeriya]]. Ya yi amfani da kiɗa don ilimantarwa da sanar da mutane game da sauye-sauye da yawa a cikin shekarun 1970s Najeriya, irin wannan kuɗin decimal da canjin zuwa tuki na hagu. A kan aikinsa na ilmantarwa ta hanyar kiɗa, ya raira waƙa game da abubuwan da ke faruwa a duniya kamar Yakin Gulf na 1991. Wani batu na yau da kullun a cikin waƙoƙinsa shine muhimmancin hadin kai, saƙo mai mahimmanci a bayan yakin basasa na Najeriya.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Babah |first=Chinedu |date=2017-03-20 |title=SHATTA, Mamman |url=https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/shatta-mamman/ |access-date=2023-05-13 |website=Biographical Legacy and Research Foundation |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFBabah2017">Babah, Chinedu (20 March 2017). [https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/shatta-mamman/ "SHATTA, Mamman"]. ''Biographical Legacy and Research Foundation''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Dangantakarsa da sauran mawaƙa ta kasance mai rikitarwa. Yana da rashin jituwa mai tsanani da wasu, kamar Ahmadu Doka, Mammalo Shata da Musa Danbade, amma gabaɗaya yana riƙe da kyakkyawar dangantaka da yawancin mawaƙa, waɗanda suka ɗauke shi a matsayin jagora. Wasu daga cikin sanannun masu ba da gudummawa sun kasance Sarkin Katsina, Alhaji [[Usman Nagogo]], Sarkin Daura, Alhajin Muhammadu Bashar, Sardaunan Dutse, Dokta [[Bello Maitama Yusuf]], Mammada Dan Sambo, Sarkin Kano, Alhajii [[Ado Bayero]]; Sultan na Sokoto, [[Muhammadu Maccido]]; Jarma na Kano, Aljaji Muhammadu Adamu Dankabo; da Sarkin Zazzau, Alhajaji [[Shehu Idris]]. === Waƙoƙi === [[Harshen Hausa]] ba ya rarrabe tsakanin waƙa da shayari kamar yadda ake kira waka. Waƙoƙin Mamman Shata an saita su zuwa kiɗa kuma suna tare da kayan kida da abokan aikinsa ke bayarwa. [[Tambarin magana|kalangu]] (magana mai magana) wani muhimmin bangare ne na ƙungiyar Shata. Hudu ko fiye da drummers yawanci suna da hannu a cikin wasan kwaikwayonsa wanda aƙalla biyu suna wasa da drum. Sau da yawa yana nufin kalangu a cikin waƙoƙinsa kuma masu bugawa suna amfani da shi don jaddada kalmominsa ta amfani da maimaita kayan aiki. A cikin waƙarsa ''Kyautar Chafe'', bayan Shata ya raira "kuma ka ji kalanguna na fadi" ('sauraron abin da drum ke fada'), an katse ɓangaren murya kusan ɗaya don ba da murya ga kalangu kadai. Masu bugawa na iya taimaka wa Shata lokacin da yake cikin asarar kalmomi da ke nuna rubutun da aka buga a cikin harshen bugawa. Shata kuma sananne ne musamman don koyaushe yana inganta waƙoƙinsa ko waƙoƙin sa da kuma rubuta kalmomin a wannan lokacin. Mambobin ƙungiyar Shata su ne masu koyo kuma galibi sun yi aiki tare da shi na dogon lokaci. Saboda wannan, sunadarai a cikin ƙungiyar suna da girma. Shata ya yi amfani da motsi da alama a matsayin umarni ga membobin. A wata hira da Masanin Danbatti Abdulkadir, daya daga cikin mambobin ƙungiyar ya bayyana daya daga cikin alamun a matsayin 'hanyar baki' inda Shata ya juya zuwa mawaƙa kafin fara waƙar kuma ya nuna baki sannan ya ce "bakina" ma'ana "bakina". Sa'an nan kuma mawaƙa sun san lokacin da za su shiga da abin da za su raira waƙa. Mai tambayoyin ya kuma tabbatar da cewa ba a taɓa yin waƙoƙin ko maimaita su ba kafin wasan kwaikwayon. == Yunkurin fafutuka == Mamman Shata ya kasance mai sukar murya game da gwamnatoci masu zalunci da 'yan siyasa masu cin hanci da rashawa. A shekara ta 1997, a wasan kwaikwayon don ƙaddamar da Gidauniyar Abacha don Zaman Lafiya da Haɗin Kai a [[Abuja]], ya fusata masu shirya, ba kawai ta hanyar yin aiki fiye da lokacin da aka ba shi ba, har ma don tunatar da [[Sani Abacha|Janar Sani Abacha]] da sauransu da ke cikin iko game da haɗarin sakamakon mummunan jagoranci. Lokacin da yaƙin neman zaɓe na mutane miliyan 2 na Abacha Must Stay (yaƙin neman zagaye da [[Daniel Kanu|Danial Kanu]] ya shirya don nuna rashin amincewa da dawowar Dimokuradiyya a Najeriya ta hanyar cire [[Sani Abacha|Janar Sani Abacha]] a matsayin Shugaban Soja) ke ci gaba a [[Abuja]] a shekarar 1998, masu shirya taron sun gayyace shi don yin wa masu zanga-zangar. Shata ya yarda da gayyatar. A ranar tafiyar, an cire Shata da karfi daga mataki bayan 'ba da shawara' Abacha don ɗaukar duk masu zanga-zangar da ke wurin a matsayin masu zanga-zanga, waɗanda ba za su kasance a wurinsa ba lokacin da yake buƙatar su.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Babah |first=Chinedu |date=2017-03-20 |title=SHATTA, Mamman |url=https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/shatta-mamman/ |access-date=2023-05-13 |website=Biographical Legacy and Research Foundation |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFBabah2017">Babah, Chinedu (20 March 2017). [https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/shatta-mamman/ "SHATTA, Mamman"]. ''Biographical Legacy and Research Foundation''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Mamman Shata ya sami damar sukar Gwamnatin mulkin mallaka ta [[Sani Abacha|Janar Sani Abacha]] a bayyane saboda girmamawa mai yawa da mutanen Najeriya ke da shi ga Shata, musamman a [[Yankin Arewacin Najeriya|Arewa]] inda Abacha ta fito. Magoya bayan Shata ba wai kawai sun haɗa da mutane masu iko kamar Emirs, 'yan siyasa da Janar na Sojoji ba har ma da Talakawa (ƙananan aji) na Najeriya waɗanda aka ƙidaya cikin miliyoyin.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Babah |first=Chinedu |date=2017-03-20 |title=SHATTA, Mamman |url=https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/shatta-mamman/ |access-date=2023-05-13 |website=Biographical Legacy and Research Foundation |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFBabah2017">Babah, Chinedu (20 March 2017). [https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/shatta-mamman/ "SHATTA, Mamman"]. ''Biographical Legacy and Research Foundation''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> == Ayyukan siyasa == Shata ya shiga cikin siyasa a duk rayuwarsa. Siyasa ta kasance mafi yawa ta hagu duk da cewa masu ba da gudummawa (masu sarauta da na kasuwanci) galibi suna hannun [[Siyasa ta dama|dama]]. Ya danganta wannan ne ga asalinsa na tawali'u. A cikin [[Jamhuriyar Najeriya ta farko|Jamhuriyar Farko]] a cikin shekarun 1950 ya haɗa kansa da [[Northern Elements Progressive Union|NEPU]] na hagu kamar yadda ya saba da [[Majalisar Jama'ar Arewa|NPC]] na dama na [[Ahmadu Bello|Sir Ahmadu Bello]] da sarakuna. Ya sake maimaita hakan a cikin shekaru masu zuwa. A cikin shekarun 1970s, ya lashe zabe, ya zama Councillor a karkashin Kankia Local Government Area na [[Kaduna (jiha)|Jihar Kaduna]] a lokacin. A cikin [[Jamhuriyar Najeriya ta biyu|Jamhuriyar Na Biyu]] (a cikin '80s) ya kasance na farko a cikin GNPP na tsakiya sannan ya koma jam'iyyar mai mulki mai ra'ayin mazan jiya, NPN. A cikin Juhuriyar ta Uku an zabe shi a matsayin shugaban SDP a [[Funtua|Yankin Karamar Hukumar Funtua]], matsayin da aka tsige shi saboda halin hagu da kuma ya yi hulɗa da babban dan jam'iyyar a [[Katsina (jiha)|Jihar Katsina]], ya yi ritaya Major-Janar Shehu Musa Yar'Adua. Shata bai shiga cikin siyasa da ta gabatar da gwamnatin farar hula ta [[Olusegun Obasanjo|Cif Olusegun Obasanjo]] a 1999 ba saboda rashin lafiya.<ref name=":1" /> == Kyaututtuka == Ya sami kyaututtuka da yawa, ciki har da waɗanda daga Gwamnatin Tarayya (wanda ya ba shi [[Order of the Niger|memba na Order of the Niger]]), lambar yabo ta Performing Musicians Association of Nigeria (PMAN) don ƙwarewa a cikin kiɗa na gargajiya a cikin 1998, Gwamnatin Jihar Kano, Ofishin Jakadancin Amurka a Najeriya, Jami'ar California, digiri na girmamawa daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] don nuna godiya ga gudummawarsa ga ci gaban ƙasa da haruffa, da kuma lambar yabo ta Millennium daga gwamnatin [[Goodluck Jonathan]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Babah |first=Chinedu |date=2017-03-20 |title=SHATTA, Mamman |url=https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/shatta-mamman/ |access-date=2023-05-13 |website=Biographical Legacy and Research Foundation |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFBabah2017">Babah, Chinedu (20 March 2017). [https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/shatta-mamman/ "SHATTA, Mamman"]. ''Biographical Legacy and Research Foundation''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> == Mutuwa == Shata ta karshe concert ya kasance a Katsina Polo Ground, a lokacin rantsar da [[Musa Yar'Adua|Alhaji Musa Yar'Adua]], tsohon gwamnan Jihar Katsina. Ya riga ya raunana kuma jikinsa ya ragu. Alhaji Shata ya sha wahala daga rashin lafiya wanda ya sa aka kwantar da shi a asibiti a Kano da Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Bayan wani taimako bayan wani tiyata a kan urethra a Jeddah, an kwantar da shi a asibitin Aminu Kano, Kano, inda ya mutu a ranar Jumma'a, 18 ga Yuni 1999. Ya sami matattu uku (Furera, Hadiza, da Binta), yara 19, da jikoki 28. An binne shi a wannan rana a Daura, garin mai ba da gudummawa, Emir Muhammadu Bashar, wanda ya halarci jana'izar. A rayuwarsa, Shata ya auri wasu mata da yawa kuma ya sake su, wasu suna da yara tsakanin su. Amina, ta uku daga cikin matansa lokacin da ya mutu, ba ta haihu ba duk da cewa ta zauna tare da shi fiye da shekaru 10. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Hausawa]] [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1999]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1923]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] jqh5a5kafauqgy5bru5nuf0uescgxre 878671 878669 2026-07-07T20:59:13Z Ab-DanKoɗo 17926 Gyara 878671 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Databox}} Alhaji (Dr) '''Mamman Shata''' pronunciationⓘ MON (an haife shi a shekara ta dubu daya,da dari tara, da ashirin, da uku (1923) a karamar hukumar Musawa, [[Katsina (jiha)|ta Jihar Katsina]], [[Najeriya|a Najeriya]], ya mutu a ranar 18 ga Yunin shekara ta 1999) ya kasance mawaƙan Najeriya. Ya kasance sanannen [[griot]] / mawaƙi a tsakanin mutanen Hausa na [[Afirka ta Yamma|Yammacin Afirka]]. Sau da yawa ana haɗa muryarsa da drum din da ke magana, wanda aka sani da kalangu. Ya fi yin wa mutanen Arewacin Najeriya, da farko a cikin [[Harshen Hausa]], sama da rabin karni. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Mamman Shata ne a cikin dangin kabilar [[Fulani]]. Mahaifiyarsa, sunanta Lariya, Fulanin-Borno, ma'ana ita yar filanin barno ce, mutane Fulani waɗanda suka yi ƙaura daga [[Daular Kanem-Bornu|Daular Borno]] bayan [[Jihadin shehu usman Danfodio|Jihad na Fulani na shekarar dubu daya, da dari takwas, da hudu 1804]] kuma suka zauna a wasu sassan [[Hausa Bakwai|Hausaland]]. An haife ta ne a [[Tofa, Kano|Garin Tofa]] a [[Masarautar Kano]] kuma ta sadu da mahaifin Shata, Ibrahim Yaro, lokacin da ta ziyarci dangi a [[Musawa]] . Daga baya, sun yi aure. Lariya tana da ɗa, Ali, daga auren da ya gabata kuma tana da 'ya'ya biyu tare da Yaro, Mamman Shata da' yar'uwarsa Yalwa . Ibrahim Yaro kuma ya kasance daga kabilar Fulani. Kakanninsa sun fito ne daga Sanyinna a [[Sokoto (jiha)|Jihar Sokoto]]. Sun yi ƙaura zuwa [[Katsina (jiha)|Jihar Katsina]] kuma sun zauna a cikin gandun daji a kusa da yankin [[Musawa]] na yanzu. An yaba musu da kafa Musawa kanta, tare da Musa, shugaban su, sun kafa wani karamin yanki wanda daga baya aka sanya masa suna. Garin Musawa yana ƙarƙashin Hukumar 'yan asalin Katsina (N.A.) lokacin da aka haifi Shata. Lokacin da aka kirkiro kananan hukumomi ya zo karkashin [[Kankia|Karamar Hukumar Kankia]] ta jahar Katsina. A yau, Musawa yanki ne na karamar hukuma a jihar Katsina. Ibrahim Yaro bai so ɗansa ya zama mawaƙi ba saboda imani da aka yi da shi cewa kiɗa ko waƙoƙin yabo wani nau'i ne na 'roko' ko bara. Mahaifinsa, kasancewar mutumin Fulani ne, yana son saurayi Shata ya zama manomi ko ɗan kasuwa, ko dai daga cikinsu ya fi daraja. Saboda haka, an ga dagewar Shata na zama mawaƙi a matsayin tawaye ga al'ada. Shata ya tafi makarantar Islama a Musawa tun yana yaro, bisa ga al'adar Musulmi ta Hausa. Mamman Shata ya sami lakabi na 'Shata' daga wani mutum mai suna Baba Salamu, danginsa. Shata tun yana saurayi ya shiga sayar da kwayoyi kuma bayan sayarwa zai raba ribar ga mutanen da ya sadu da su a kan hanyarsa ta gida ko a kasuwa kuma ya dawo da hannu mara kyau. A duk lokacin da aka tambaye shi abin da ya yi da kuɗin da ya yi, zai amsa, "Na yi shata da su," watau ya ba da shi. A sakamakon haka, Baba Salamu ya fara kiransa 'Mai-Shata', ma'ana wanda ke lalata nasarorin da ya samu. Shata ya fara raira waƙa tare da wasu matasa don nishaɗi a filin ƙauyen ("dandali") bayan abincin maraice. Kwarewarsa ta karu har sai da ya wuce sauran matasa. Amma yana yin hakan ba don samun riba ba; kawai aikin matasa ne. == Ayyukan kiɗa == Daga baya ya watsar da kasuwancin sayar da kayan zaki kuma ya rungumi kiɗa ko waƙoƙin yabo na cikakken lokaci. Wannan sana'a ta kai shi ƙauyuka da yawa a yankin Musawa. A ƙarshe, ya zauna a [[Bakori]] bayan mai ba da gudummawa, Abdullahi Inde, yarima na Musawa wanda ke aiki a can a matsayin jami'in Native Authority wanda ke kula da sayen auduga da groundnuts, ya nemi ya tura wani can. A Bakori, Shata ya auri matarsa ta farko, Iya, wanda ainihin sunanta shine Binta. Suna da 'yar, Amina, wacce ta mutu tun tana jariri. Daga sansaninsa a [[Bakori]], Shata, tare da ƙungiyarsa, sun zagaya duk [[Yankin Arewacin Najeriya|Arewacin Najeriya]] ciki har da [[Katsina (jiha)|Katsina]], [[Sokoto (jiha)|Sokoto]] da [[Kano (jiha)|Kano]], wanda ya fara ziyarta a ƙarshen '40s. A shekarar 1952 shahararsa ta fara bayyana a [[Kano (jiha)|Kano]] bayan ya yi a wani bikin aure da aka sani da "Bikin 'Yan Sarki" (Wedding of the Princes) inda wasu sanannun sarakuna 12 na Kano suka yi aure. A shekara ta 1960 ya koma Funtua, wani gari mai zaman kansa ba da nisa da Bakori. Shata ya sanya Funtua gidansa na kimanin shekaru arba'in - har zuwa mutuwarsa. Shata ba zai iya tunawa ko tunawa da yawan waƙoƙin da ya samar ba, amma an yi imanin cewa suna cikin dubban. Yawancin waƙoƙinsa, musamman waɗanda ya samar a lokacin da yake matashi, ba a rubuta su ba. Kungiyarsa yawanci ta kunshi maza 12, masu bugawa shida da mawaƙa shida. Ya sanya hannu tare da lakabin rikodin EMI a cikin shekarun 1980 ya zama babban tauraron su. Daga baya ya bar EMI kuma ya shiga Polygram Records . <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Babah |first=Chinedu |date=2017-03-20 |title=SHATTA, Mamman |url=https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/shatta-mamman/ |access-date=2023-05-13 |website=Biographical Legacy and Research Foundation |language=en-US}}</ref> Shata ya shahara da raira waƙa ga kowane batu a ƙarƙashin rana ta ƙasar Hausa: noma, al'adu, addini, tattalin arziki, siyasa, soja, ɗabi'a da halaye, dabbobi, kasuwanci, da dai sauransu. Ya kuma raira waƙa game da hadin kai da kuma bukatar farfadowa a ƙarshen [[Yaƙin basasan Najeriya|Yaƙin basasar Najeriya]]. Ya yi amfani da kiɗa don ilimantarwa da sanar da mutane game da sauye-sauye da yawa a cikin shekarun 1970s Najeriya, irin wannan kuɗin decimal da canjin zuwa tuki na hagu. A kan aikinsa na ilmantarwa ta hanyar kiɗa, ya raira waƙa game da abubuwan da ke faruwa a duniya kamar Yakin Gulf na 1991. Wani batu na yau da kullun a cikin waƙoƙinsa shine muhimmancin hadin kai, saƙo mai mahimmanci a bayan yakin basasa na Najeriya.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Babah |first=Chinedu |date=2017-03-20 |title=SHATTA, Mamman |url=https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/shatta-mamman/ |access-date=2023-05-13 |website=Biographical Legacy and Research Foundation |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFBabah2017">Babah, Chinedu (20 March 2017). [https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/shatta-mamman/ "SHATTA, Mamman"]. ''Biographical Legacy and Research Foundation''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Dangantakarsa da sauran mawaƙa ta kasance mai rikitarwa. Yana da rashin jituwa mai tsanani da wasu, kamar Ahmadu Doka, Mammalo Shata da Musa Danbade, amma gabaɗaya yana riƙe da kyakkyawar dangantaka da yawancin mawaƙa, waɗanda suka ɗauke shi a matsayin jagora. Wasu daga cikin sanannun masu ba da gudummawa sun kasance Sarkin Katsina, Alhaji [[Usman Nagogo]], Sarkin Daura, Alhajin Muhammadu Bashar, Sardaunan Dutse, Dokta [[Bello Maitama Yusuf]], Mammada Dan Sambo, Sarkin Kano, Alhajii [[Ado Bayero]]; Sultan na Sokoto, [[Muhammadu Maccido]]; Jarma na Kano, Aljaji Muhammadu Adamu Dankabo; da Sarkin Zazzau, Alhajaji [[Shehu Idris]]. === Waƙoƙi === [[Harshen Hausa]] ba ya rarrabe tsakanin waƙa da shayari kamar yadda ake kira waka. Waƙoƙin Mamman Shata an saita su zuwa kiɗa kuma suna tare da kayan kida da abokan aikinsa ke bayarwa. [[Tambarin magana|kalangu]] (magana mai magana) wani muhimmin bangare ne na ƙungiyar Shata. Hudu ko fiye da drummers yawanci suna da hannu a cikin wasan kwaikwayonsa wanda aƙalla biyu suna wasa da drum. Sau da yawa yana nufin kalangu a cikin waƙoƙinsa kuma masu bugawa suna amfani da shi don jaddada kalmominsa ta amfani da maimaita kayan aiki. A cikin waƙarsa ''Kyautar Chafe'', bayan Shata ya raira "kuma ka ji kalanguna na fadi" ('sauraron abin da drum ke fada'), an katse ɓangaren murya kusan ɗaya don ba da murya ga kalangu kadai. Masu bugawa na iya taimaka wa Shata lokacin da yake cikin asarar kalmomi da ke nuna rubutun da aka buga a cikin harshen bugawa. Shata kuma sananne ne musamman don koyaushe yana inganta waƙoƙinsa ko waƙoƙin sa da kuma rubuta kalmomin a wannan lokacin. Mambobin ƙungiyar Shata su ne masu koyo kuma galibi sun yi aiki tare da shi na dogon lokaci. Saboda wannan, sunadarai a cikin ƙungiyar suna da girma. Shata ya yi amfani da motsi da alama a matsayin umarni ga membobin. A wata hira da Masanin Danbatti Abdulkadir, daya daga cikin mambobin ƙungiyar ya bayyana daya daga cikin alamun a matsayin 'hanyar baki' inda Shata ya juya zuwa mawaƙa kafin fara waƙar kuma ya nuna baki sannan ya ce "bakina" ma'ana "bakina". Sa'an nan kuma mawaƙa sun san lokacin da za su shiga da abin da za su raira waƙa. Mai tambayoyin ya kuma tabbatar da cewa ba a taɓa yin waƙoƙin ko maimaita su ba kafin wasan kwaikwayon. == Yunkurin fafutuka == Mamman Shata ya kasance mai sukar murya game da gwamnatoci masu zalunci da 'yan siyasa masu cin hanci da rashawa. A shekara ta 1997, a wasan kwaikwayon don ƙaddamar da Gidauniyar Abacha don Zaman Lafiya da Haɗin Kai a [[Abuja]], ya fusata masu shirya, ba kawai ta hanyar yin aiki fiye da lokacin da aka ba shi ba, har ma don tunatar da [[Sani Abacha|Janar Sani Abacha]] da sauransu da ke cikin iko game da haɗarin sakamakon mummunan jagoranci. Lokacin da yaƙin neman zaɓe na mutane miliyan 2 na Abacha Must Stay (yaƙin neman zagaye da [[Daniel Kanu|Danial Kanu]] ya shirya don nuna rashin amincewa da dawowar Dimokuradiyya a Najeriya ta hanyar cire [[Sani Abacha|Janar Sani Abacha]] a matsayin Shugaban Soja) ke ci gaba a [[Abuja]] a shekarar 1998, masu shirya taron sun gayyace shi don yin wa masu zanga-zangar. Shata ya yarda da gayyatar. A ranar tafiyar, an cire Shata da karfi daga mataki bayan 'ba da shawara' Abacha don ɗaukar duk masu zanga-zangar da ke wurin a matsayin masu zanga-zanga, waɗanda ba za su kasance a wurinsa ba lokacin da yake buƙatar su.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Babah |first=Chinedu |date=2017-03-20 |title=SHATTA, Mamman |url=https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/shatta-mamman/ |access-date=2023-05-13 |website=Biographical Legacy and Research Foundation |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFBabah2017">Babah, Chinedu (20 March 2017). [https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/shatta-mamman/ "SHATTA, Mamman"]. ''Biographical Legacy and Research Foundation''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Mamman Shata ya sami damar sukar Gwamnatin mulkin mallaka ta [[Sani Abacha|Janar Sani Abacha]] a bayyane saboda girmamawa mai yawa da mutanen Najeriya ke da shi ga Shata, musamman a [[Yankin Arewacin Najeriya|Arewa]] inda Abacha ta fito. Magoya bayan Shata ba wai kawai sun haɗa da mutane masu iko kamar Emirs, 'yan siyasa da Janar na Sojoji ba har ma da Talakawa (ƙananan aji) na Najeriya waɗanda aka ƙidaya cikin miliyoyin.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Babah |first=Chinedu |date=2017-03-20 |title=SHATTA, Mamman |url=https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/shatta-mamman/ |access-date=2023-05-13 |website=Biographical Legacy and Research Foundation |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFBabah2017">Babah, Chinedu (20 March 2017). [https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/shatta-mamman/ "SHATTA, Mamman"]. ''Biographical Legacy and Research Foundation''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> == Ayyukan siyasa == Shata ya shiga cikin siyasa a duk rayuwarsa. Siyasa ta kasance mafi yawa ta hagu duk da cewa masu ba da gudummawa (masu sarauta da na kasuwanci) galibi suna hannun [[Siyasa ta dama|dama]]. Ya danganta wannan ne ga asalinsa na tawali'u. A cikin [[Jamhuriyar Najeriya ta farko|Jamhuriyar Farko]] a cikin shekarun 1950 ya haɗa kansa da [[Northern Elements Progressive Union|NEPU]] na hagu kamar yadda ya saba da [[Majalisar Jama'ar Arewa|NPC]] na dama na [[Ahmadu Bello|Sir Ahmadu Bello]] da sarakuna. Ya sake maimaita hakan a cikin shekaru masu zuwa. A cikin shekarun 1970s, ya lashe zabe, ya zama Councillor a karkashin Kankia Local Government Area na [[Kaduna (jiha)|Jihar Kaduna]] a lokacin. A cikin [[Jamhuriyar Najeriya ta biyu|Jamhuriyar Na Biyu]] (a cikin '80s) ya kasance na farko a cikin GNPP na tsakiya sannan ya koma jam'iyyar mai mulki mai ra'ayin mazan jiya, NPN. A cikin Juhuriyar ta Uku an zabe shi a matsayin shugaban SDP a [[Funtua|Yankin Karamar Hukumar Funtua]], matsayin da aka tsige shi saboda halin hagu da kuma ya yi hulɗa da babban dan jam'iyyar a [[Katsina (jiha)|Jihar Katsina]], ya yi ritaya Major-Janar Shehu Musa Yar'Adua. Shata bai shiga cikin siyasa da ta gabatar da gwamnatin farar hula ta [[Olusegun Obasanjo|Cif Olusegun Obasanjo]] a 1999 ba saboda rashin lafiya.<ref name=":1" /> == Kyaututtuka == Ya sami kyaututtuka da yawa, ciki har da waɗanda daga Gwamnatin Tarayya (wanda ya ba shi [[Order of the Niger|memba na Order of the Niger]]), lambar yabo ta Performing Musicians Association of Nigeria (PMAN) don ƙwarewa a cikin kiɗa na gargajiya a cikin 1998, Gwamnatin Jihar Kano, Ofishin Jakadancin Amurka a Najeriya, Jami'ar California, digiri na girmamawa daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] don nuna godiya ga gudummawarsa ga ci gaban ƙasa da haruffa, da kuma lambar yabo ta Millennium daga gwamnatin [[Goodluck Jonathan]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Babah |first=Chinedu |date=2017-03-20 |title=SHATTA, Mamman |url=https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/shatta-mamman/ |access-date=2023-05-13 |website=Biographical Legacy and Research Foundation |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFBabah2017">Babah, Chinedu (20 March 2017). [https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/shatta-mamman/ "SHATTA, Mamman"]. ''Biographical Legacy and Research Foundation''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> == Mutuwa == Shata ta karshe concert ya kasance a Katsina Polo Ground, a lokacin rantsar da [[Musa Yar'Adua|Alhaji Musa Yar'Adua]], tsohon gwamnan Jihar Katsina. Ya riga ya raunana kuma jikinsa ya ragu. Alhaji Shata ya sha wahala daga rashin lafiya wanda ya sa aka kwantar da shi a asibiti a Kano da Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Bayan wani taimako bayan wani tiyata a kan urethra a Jeddah, an kwantar da shi a asibitin Aminu Kano, Kano, inda ya mutu a ranar Jumma'a, 18 ga Yuni 1999. Ya sami matattu uku (Furera, Hadiza, da Binta), yara 19, da jikoki 28. An binne shi a wannan rana a Daura, garin mai ba da gudummawa, Emir Muhammadu Bashar, wanda ya halarci jana'izar. A rayuwarsa, Shata ya auri wasu mata da yawa kuma ya sake su, wasu suna da yara tsakanin su. Amina, ta uku daga cikin matansa lokacin da ya mutu, ba ta haihu ba duk da cewa ta zauna tare da shi fiye da shekaru 10. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Hausawa]] [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1999]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1923]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] po6xyfck51y9vsxll18eyvn8etwgfnv 0 3039 878640 822697 2026-07-07T19:11:18Z Mansir Yusuf 19064 878640 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Zea mays - Köhler–s Medizinal-Pflanzen-283.jpg|thumb|right|260px|<span style="color:grey;">Masara</span>]] [[File:Zea mays fraise MHNT.BOT.2011.18.21.jpg|thumb|''Zea mays "fraise"'']] [[File:Dent Corn 'Oaxacan Green' (Zea mays) MHNT 2.jpg|thumb|''Zea mays "Oaxacan Green"'']] [[File:Zea mays 'Ottofile giallo Tortonese' MHNT.BOT.2015.34.1.jpg|thumb|''Zea mays 'Ottofile giallo Tortonese''']] [[File:Roasted maize in husks.jpg|thumb|gasasshiyar masara]] [[File:09937jfFarm Resorts Adventure River Maize San Rafael Bulacanfvf 02.JPG|thumb|gonar masara tayi kyau ta fara fidda kai]] [[File:Zea mays 'vacquiers' MHNT.BOT.2015.34.37.jpg|thumb|sa hoto]] [[Fayil:Zea mays 'millette du Lauragais' MHNT.BOT.2015.34.8.jpg|thumb|Masara]] [[Fayil:Zea mays 'Ottofile giallo Tortonese' MHNT.BOT.2015.34.1.jpg|thumb|masara]] '''Masara''' (''Zea mays'') wani nau'in [[abinci]]<ref><nowiki>https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://hausa.premiumtimesng.com/2024/06/shirin-samar-da-abinci-gwamnan-kano-zai-sayo-wa-manoman-kano-takin-zamani-na-naira-biliyan-5/&ved=2ahUKEwjB04XAi_eGAxW9T0EAHYWbCQoQxfQBKAB6BAgFEAI&usg=AOvVaw33ahKAHlMMMWmYGM6UrmJc</nowiki></ref> ne da ake sarrafawa ta hanyoyi da dama. [[Fayil:Tsabobi na Masara.jpg|thumb|haka masara take]] Ita dai masara tana da ɗanɗano me gamsarwa, sannan kuma akan gasa ta domin aci, a kan kuma surfa ta domin ayi tuwon [[masara]]<ref><nowiki>https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://www.bbc.com/hausa/articles/c97vdj952g6o.amp&ved=2ahUKEwiRsZXki_eGAxWgQUEAHRdzAw8QyM8BKAB6BAgIEAI&usg=AOvVaw0sVkPdsdDmO8_lYpNdk9I9</nowiki></ref>, sannan akanyi gugguru mai [[sukari]] da mai [[gishiri]]. ana sarrafa ta ta hanyar mai da ta [[semonvita]], conflaks, custard, da kuma abincin [[kaji]].<ref>https://www-bbc-com.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/www.bbc.com/hausa/articles/c97vdj952g6o.amp?amp_js_v=a6&amp_gsa=1&usqp=mq331AQIUAKwASCAAgM%3D#aoh=17217128545564&referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com&amp_tf=From%20%251%24s&ampshare=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fhausa%2Farticles%2Fc97vdj952g6o</ref> [[Fayil:Zea mays 'millette du Lauragais' MHNT.BOT.2015.34.8.jpg|thumb|Haka masara take in'andata]] [[Fayil:Masu gasa masara.jpg|thumb|Masara gasanshiya]] Ana shuka masara a duk faɗin fad duniya; ana samar da nauyin masara mafi girma a kowace shekara fiye da kowane hatsi. A cikin shekarar (2020), samar da duniya ya kai tan biliyan 1.1. Yana fama da [[Kwayar cuta|kwari]] da [[Jerin cututtukan masara|cututtuka]] da yawa; manyan [[kwari]] guda biyu, masara na Turai da [[Diabrotica|Tushen masara]], kowannensu ya haifar da asarar shekara-shekara na dala biliyan a Amurka. Kiwon shuke-shuke na zamani ya ƙara yawan fitarwa da halaye kamar abinci mai gina jiki, fari da kuma haƙuri ga ƙwari da cututtuka. Yawancin masara yanzu an canza su ta hanyar kwayar halitta. ==Asali== Masara<ref>https://www-bbc-com.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/www.bbc.com/hausa/articles/c97vdj952g6o.amp?amp_gsa=1&amp_js_v=a9&usqp=mq331AQIUAKwASCAAgM%3D#amp_tf=From%20%251%24s&aoh=17216372126292&csi=1&referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com&ampshare=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fhausa%2Farticles%2Fc97vdj952g6o</ref> tana buƙatar sa hannun mutum don ya bazu. Kwayoyin kakanninsu masu yaduwa na halitta sun fadi daga cob da kansu, yayin da wadanda ke cikin masara ba su da. Dukkanin masara sun fito ne daga gida daya a kudancin Mexico kimanin shekaru 9,000 da suka gabata. Tsohon nau'ikan masara da suka tsira sune na tsaunuka na Mexico. Masara ta bazu daga wannan yankin zuwa kaskanci da kuma kasar Amurka tare da manyan hanyoyi guda biyu. Cibiyar domestication mai yiwuwa ita ce kwarin Kogin Balsas na kudu maso tsakiyar Mexico. Masara ta kai tsaunuka na Ecuador akalla shekaru 8000 da suka gabata. Ya kuma kai kananan Amurka ta tsakiya da shekaru 7600 da suka gabata, da kwarin Andes na Colombia tsakanin shekaru 7000 da 6000 da suka gabata<ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC122905</ref> [[Fayil:Zea mays 'Ohcholi Sunul' MHNT.BOT.2015.34.10.jpg|thumb|masara ta konee]] ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} d870guw27gcvkxeempjtxy8cu6el6y0 878642 878640 2026-07-07T19:12:54Z Mansir Yusuf 19064 878642 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Zea mays - Köhler–s Medizinal-Pflanzen-283.jpg|thumb|right|260px|<span style="color:grey;">Masara</span>]] [[File:Zea mays fraise MHNT.BOT.2011.18.21.jpg|thumb|''Zea mays "fraise"'']] [[File:Dent Corn 'Oaxacan Green' (Zea mays) MHNT 2.jpg|thumb|''Zea mays "Oaxacan Green"'']] [[File:Zea mays 'Ottofile giallo Tortonese' MHNT.BOT.2015.34.1.jpg|thumb|''Zea mays 'Ottofile giallo Tortonese''']] [[File:Roasted maize in husks.jpg|thumb|gasasshiyar masara]] [[File:09937jfFarm Resorts Adventure River Maize San Rafael Bulacanfvf 02.JPG|thumb|gonar masara tayi kyau ta fara fidda kai]] [[File:Zea mays 'vacquiers' MHNT.BOT.2015.34.37.jpg|thumb|sa hoto]] [[Fayil:Zea mays 'millette du Lauragais' MHNT.BOT.2015.34.8.jpg|thumb|Masara]] [[Fayil:Zea mays 'Ottofile giallo Tortonese' MHNT.BOT.2015.34.1.jpg|thumb|masara]] '''Masara''' (''Zea mays'') wani nau'in [[abinci]]<ref><nowiki>https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://hausa.premiumtimesng.com/2024/06/shirin-samar-da-abinci-gwamnan-kano-zai-sayo-wa-manoman-kano-takin-zamani-na-naira-biliyan-5/&ved=2ahUKEwjB04XAi_eGAxW9T0EAHYWbCQoQxfQBKAB6BAgFEAI&usg=AOvVaw33ahKAHlMMMWmYGM6UrmJc</nowiki></ref> ne da ake sarrafawa ta hanyoyi da dama. [[Fayil:Tsabobi na Masara.jpg|thumb|haka masara take]] Ita dai masara tana da ɗanɗano me gamsarwa, sannan kuma akan gasa ta domin aci, a kan kuma surfa ta domin ayi tuwon [[masara]]<ref><nowiki>https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://www.bbc.com/hausa/articles/c97vdj952g6o.amp&ved=2ahUKEwiRsZXki_eGAxWgQUEAHRdzAw8QyM8BKAB6BAgIEAI&usg=AOvVaw0sVkPdsdDmO8_lYpNdk9I9</nowiki></ref>, sannan akanyi gugguru mai [[sukari]] da mai [[gishiri]]. ana sarrafa ta ta hanyar mai da ta [[semonvita]], conflaks, custard, da kuma abincin [[kaji]].<ref>https://www-bbc-com.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/www.bbc.com/hausa/articles/c97vdj952g6o.amp?amp_js_v=a6&amp_gsa=1&usqp=mq331AQIUAKwASCAAgM%3D#aoh=17217128545564&referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com&amp_tf=From%20%251%24s&ampshare=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fhausa%2Farticles%2Fc97vdj952g6o</ref> [[Fayil:Zea mays 'millette du Lauragais' MHNT.BOT.2015.34.8.jpg|thumb|Haka masara take in'andata]] [[Fayil:Masu gasa masara.jpg|thumb|Masara gasanshiya]] Ana shuka masara a duk faɗin duniya; ana samar da nauyin masara mafi girma a kowace shekara fiye da kowane hatsi. A cikin shekarar (2020), samar da duniya ya kai tan biliyan 1.1. Yana fama da [[Kwayar cuta|kwari]] da [[Jerin cututtukan masara|cututtuka]] da yawa; manyan [[kwari]] guda biyu, masara na Turai da [[Diabrotica|Tushen masara]], kowannensu ya haifar da asarar shekara-shekara na dala biliyan a Amurka. Kiwon shuke-shuke na zamani ya ƙara yawan fitarwa da halaye kamar abinci mai gina jiki, fari da kuma haƙuri ga ƙwari da cututtuka. Yawancin masara yanzu an canza su ta hanyar kwayar halitta. ==Asali== Masara<ref>https://www-bbc-com.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/www.bbc.com/hausa/articles/c97vdj952g6o.amp?amp_gsa=1&amp_js_v=a9&usqp=mq331AQIUAKwASCAAgM%3D#amp_tf=From%20%251%24s&aoh=17216372126292&csi=1&referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com&ampshare=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fhausa%2Farticles%2Fc97vdj952g6o</ref> tana buƙatar sa hannun mutum don ya bazu. Kwayoyin kakanninsu masu yaduwa na halitta sun fadi daga cob da kansu, yayin da wadanda ke cikin masara ba su da. Dukkanin masara sun fito ne daga gida daya a kudancin Mexico kimanin shekaru 9,000 da suka gabata. Tsohon nau'ikan masara da suka tsira sune na tsaunuka na Mexico. Masara ta bazu daga wannan yankin zuwa kaskanci da kuma kasar Amurka tare da manyan hanyoyi guda biyu. Cibiyar domestication mai yiwuwa ita ce kwarin Kogin Balsas na kudu maso tsakiyar Mexico. Masara ta kai tsaunuka na Ecuador akalla shekaru 8000 da suka gabata. Ya kuma kai kananan Amurka ta tsakiya da shekaru 7600 da suka gabata, da kwarin Andes na Colombia tsakanin shekaru 7000 da 6000 da suka gabata<ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC122905</ref> [[Fayil:Zea mays 'Ohcholi Sunul' MHNT.BOT.2015.34.10.jpg|thumb|masara ta konee]] ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} jxrtlk57ia88zvp56oy598vxt5yyin5 878645 878642 2026-07-07T19:14:46Z Mansir Yusuf 19064 878645 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Zea mays - Köhler–s Medizinal-Pflanzen-283.jpg|thumb|right|260px|<span style="color:grey;">Masara</span>]] [[File:Zea mays fraise MHNT.BOT.2011.18.21.jpg|thumb|''Zea mays "fraise"'']] [[File:Dent Corn 'Oaxacan Green' (Zea mays) MHNT 2.jpg|thumb|''Zea mays "Oaxacan Green"'']] [[File:Zea mays 'Ottofile giallo Tortonese' MHNT.BOT.2015.34.1.jpg|thumb|''Zea mays 'Ottofile giallo Tortonese''']] [[File:Roasted maize in husks.jpg|thumb|gasasshiyar masara]] [[File:09937jfFarm Resorts Adventure River Maize San Rafael Bulacanfvf 02.JPG|thumb|gonar masara tayi kyau ta fara fidda kai]] [[File:Zea mays 'vacquiers' MHNT.BOT.2015.34.37.jpg|thumb|sa hoto]] [[Fayil:Zea mays 'millette du Lauragais' MHNT.BOT.2015.34.8.jpg|thumb|Masara]] [[Fayil:Zea mays 'Ottofile giallo Tortonese' MHNT.BOT.2015.34.1.jpg|thumb|masara]] '''Masara''' (''Zea mays'') wani nau'in [[abinci]]<ref><nowiki>https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://hausa.premiumtimesng.com/2024/06/shirin-samar-da-abinci-gwamnan-kano-zai-sayo-wa-manoman-kano-takin-zamani-na-naira-biliyan-5/&ved=2ahUKEwjB04XAi_eGAxW9T0EAHYWbCQoQxfQBKAB6BAgFEAI&usg=AOvVaw33ahKAHlMMMWmYGM6UrmJc</nowiki></ref> ne da ake sarrafawa ta hanyoyi da dama. [[Fayil:Tsabobi na Masara.jpg|thumb|haka masara take]] Ita dai masara tana da ɗanɗano me gamsarwa, sannan kuma akan gasa ta domin aci, a kan kuma surfa ta domin ayi tuwon [[masara]]<ref><nowiki>https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://www.bbc.com/hausa/articles/c97vdj952g6o.amp&ved=2ahUKEwiRsZXki_eGAxWgQUEAHRdzAw8QyM8BKAB6BAgIEAI&usg=AOvVaw0sVkPdsdDmO8_lYpNdk9I9</nowiki></ref>, sannan akanyi gugguru mai [[sukari]] da mai [[gishiri]]. ana sarrafa ta ta hanyar mai da ta [[semonvita]], conflaks, custard, da kuma abincin [[kaji]].<ref>https://www-bbc-com.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/www.bbc.com/hausa/articles/c97vdj952g6o.amp?amp_js_v=a6&amp_gsa=1&usqp=mq331AQIUAKwASCAAgM%3D#aoh=17217128545564&referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com&amp_tf=From%20%251%24s&ampshare=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fhausa%2Farticles%2Fc97vdj952g6o</ref> [[Fayil:Zea mays 'millette du Lauragais' MHNT.BOT.2015.34.8.jpg|thumb|Haka masara take in'andata]] [[Fayil:Masu gasa masara.jpg|thumb|Masara gasanshiya]] Ana shuka masara a duk faɗin duniya; ana samar da nauyin masara mafi girma a kowace shekara fiye da kowane hatsi. A cikin shekarar (2020), samar da duniya ya kai tan biliyan 1.1. Yana fama da [[Kwayar cuta|kwari]] da [[Jerin cututtukan masara|cututtuka]] da yawa; manyan [[kwari]] guda biyu, masara na Turai da [[Diabrotica|Tushen masara]], kowannensu ya haifar da asarar shekara-shekara na dala biliyan a Amurka. Kiwon shuke-shuke na zamani ya ƙara yawan fitarwa da halaye kamar abinci mai gina jiki, fari da kuma haƙuri ga kwari da cututtuka. Yawancin masara yanzu an canza su ta hanyar kwayar halitta. ==Asali== Masara<ref>https://www-bbc-com.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/www.bbc.com/hausa/articles/c97vdj952g6o.amp?amp_gsa=1&amp_js_v=a9&usqp=mq331AQIUAKwASCAAgM%3D#amp_tf=From%20%251%24s&aoh=17216372126292&csi=1&referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com&ampshare=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fhausa%2Farticles%2Fc97vdj952g6o</ref> tana buƙatar sa hannun mutum don ya bazu. Kwayoyin kakanninsu masu yaduwa na halitta sun fadi daga cob da kansu, yayin da wadanda ke cikin masara ba su da. Dukkanin masara sun fito ne daga gida daya a kudancin Mexico kimanin shekaru 9,000 da suka gabata. Tsohon nau'ikan masara da suka tsira sune na tsaunuka na Mexico. Masara ta bazu daga wannan yankin zuwa kaskanci da kuma kasar Amurka tare da manyan hanyoyi guda biyu. Cibiyar domestication mai yiwuwa ita ce kwarin Kogin Balsas na kudu maso tsakiyar Mexico. Masara ta kai tsaunuka na Ecuador akalla shekaru 8000 da suka gabata. Ya kuma kai kananan Amurka ta tsakiya da shekaru 7600 da suka gabata, da kwarin Andes na Colombia tsakanin shekaru 7000 da 6000 da suka gabata<ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC122905</ref> [[Fayil:Zea mays 'Ohcholi Sunul' MHNT.BOT.2015.34.10.jpg|thumb|masara ta konee]] ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} bd9a632fr2513fzn6rcmadb5l9pkkdx 878647 878645 2026-07-07T19:17:13Z Mansir Yusuf 19064 878647 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Zea mays - Köhler–s Medizinal-Pflanzen-283.jpg|thumb|right|260px|<span style="color:grey;">Masara</span>]] [[File:Zea mays fraise MHNT.BOT.2011.18.21.jpg|thumb|''Zea mays "fraise"'']] [[File:Dent Corn 'Oaxacan Green' (Zea mays) MHNT 2.jpg|thumb|''Zea mays "Oaxacan Green"'']] [[File:Zea mays 'Ottofile giallo Tortonese' MHNT.BOT.2015.34.1.jpg|thumb|''Zea mays 'Ottofile giallo Tortonese''']] [[File:Roasted maize in husks.jpg|thumb|gasasshiyar masara]] [[File:09937jfFarm Resorts Adventure River Maize San Rafael Bulacanfvf 02.JPG|thumb|gonar masara tayi kyau ta fara fidda kai]] [[File:Zea mays 'vacquiers' MHNT.BOT.2015.34.37.jpg|thumb|sa hoto]] [[Fayil:Zea mays 'millette du Lauragais' MHNT.BOT.2015.34.8.jpg|thumb|Masara]] [[Fayil:Zea mays 'Ottofile giallo Tortonese' MHNT.BOT.2015.34.1.jpg|thumb|masara]] '''Masara''' (''Zea mays'') wani nau'in [[abinci]]<ref><nowiki>https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://hausa.premiumtimesng.com/2024/06/shirin-samar-da-abinci-gwamnan-kano-zai-sayo-wa-manoman-kano-takin-zamani-na-naira-biliyan-5/&ved=2ahUKEwjB04XAi_eGAxW9T0EAHYWbCQoQxfQBKAB6BAgFEAI&usg=AOvVaw33ahKAHlMMMWmYGM6UrmJc</nowiki></ref> ne da ake sarrafawa ta hanyoyi da dama. [[Fayil:Tsabobi na Masara.jpg|thumb|haka masara take]] Ita dai masara tana da ɗanɗano me gamsarwa, sannan kuma akan gasa ta domin aci, a kan kuma surfa ta domin ayi tuwon [[masara]]<ref><nowiki>https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://www.bbc.com/hausa/articles/c97vdj952g6o.amp&ved=2ahUKEwiRsZXki_eGAxWgQUEAHRdzAw8QyM8BKAB6BAgIEAI&usg=AOvVaw0sVkPdsdDmO8_lYpNdk9I9</nowiki></ref>, sannan akanyi gugguru mai [[sukari]] da mai [[gishiri]]. ana sarrafa ta ta hanyar mai da ta [[semonvita]], conflaks, custard, da kuma abincin [[kaji]].<ref>https://www-bbc-com.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/www.bbc.com/hausa/articles/c97vdj952g6o.amp?amp_js_v=a6&amp_gsa=1&usqp=mq331AQIUAKwASCAAgM%3D#aoh=17217128545564&referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com&amp_tf=From%20%251%24s&ampshare=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fhausa%2Farticles%2Fc97vdj952g6o</ref> [[Fayil:Zea mays 'millette du Lauragais' MHNT.BOT.2015.34.8.jpg|thumb|Haka masara take in'andata]] [[Fayil:Masu gasa masara.jpg|thumb|Masara gasanshiya]] Ana shuka masara a duk faɗin duniya; ana samar da nauyin masara mafi girma a kowace shekara fiye da kowane hatsi. A cikin shekarar (2020), samar da duniya ya kai tan biliyan 1.1. Yana fama da [[Kwayar cuta|kwari]] da [[Jerin cututtukan masara|cututtuka]] da yawa; manyan [[kwari]] guda biyu, masara na Turai da [[Diabrotica|Tushen masara]], kowannensu ya haifar da asarar shekara-shekara na dala biliyan a Amurka. Kiwon shuke-shuke na zamani ya ƙara yawan fitarwa da halaye kamar abinci mai gina jiki, fari da kuma haƙuri ga kwari da cututtuka. Yawancin masara yanzu an canza su ta hanyar kwayar halitta. ==Asali== Masara<ref>https://www-bbc-com.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/www.bbc.com/hausa/articles/c97vdj952g6o.amp?amp_gsa=1&amp_js_v=a9&usqp=mq331AQIUAKwASCAAgM%3D#amp_tf=From%20%251%24s&aoh=17216372126292&csi=1&referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com&ampshare=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fhausa%2Farticles%2Fc97vdj952g6o</ref> tana buƙatar sa hannun mutum don ya bazu. Kwayoyin kakanninsu masu yaɗuwa na halitta sun faɗi daga cob da kansu, yayin da wadanda ke cikin masara ba su da. Dukkanin masara sun fito ne daga gida daya a kudancin Mexico kimanin shekaru 9,000 da suka gabata. Tsohon nau'ikan masara da suka tsira sune na tsaunuka na Mexico. Masara ta bazu daga wannan yankin zuwa kaskanci da kuma kasar Amurka tare da manyan hanyoyi guda biyu. Cibiyar domestication mai yiwuwa ita ce kwarin Kogin Balsas na kudu maso tsakiyar Mexico. Masara ta kai tsaunuka na Ecuador akalla shekaru 8000 da suka gabata. Ya kuma kai kananan Amurka ta tsakiya da shekaru 7600 da suka gabata, da kwarin Andes na Colombia tsakanin shekaru 7000 da 6000 da suka gabata<ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC122905</ref> [[Fayil:Zea mays 'Ohcholi Sunul' MHNT.BOT.2015.34.10.jpg|thumb|masara ta konee]] ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} n8gqallipfvjmottrjjbget89rb8gz0 0 3999 878612 878243 2026-07-07T16:25:30Z Mansir Yusuf 19064 878612 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}}{{hujja}} [[File:Seoul express bus terminal.jpg|thumb|Tashar Mota a Birnin Seoul ]] [[File:Fountain in National Assembly Building of South Korea.jpg|thumb|zauren majalisar Koriya ta Kudu]] [[File:South Koreans at Pusan.jpg|thumb|tsohon hoton Koriya ta Kudu]] [[Fayil:Forggensee Panorama SK 0001.jpg|thumb|TEKUN Panorama na Koriya ta Kudu]] '''Koriya ta Kudu''' ƙasa ce, da ke a nahiyar [[Asiya]]. Koriya ta Kudu tana kuma da yawan fili kimani na kilomita araba'i 100,210. Japan tana da yawan jama'a 51,446,201, bisa ga jimillar shekarar 2017. Babban birnin ƙasar Japan, [[Seoul]] ne. Za Koriya ta Kudu ta samu yancin kanta acikin ƙarni na bakwai bayan haihuwar Annabi Isah Shugaban ƙasar Koriya ta Kudu Moon Jae-in tin daga shekarar 2017. Firaministan ƙasar [[Koriya]] ta Kudu Lee Nak-yeon ne daga 2017. ==Hotuna== <gallery> File:Gwangju-metro-101F-20190522-062322.jpg|Jirgin Kasa a Tashar Gwangju File:Euljiro_1-ga_Station_Myeongdong_Seoul.jpg|Tashar jirgin Kasa ta birnin Seoul </gallery> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} {{Asiya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Koriya ta Kudu}} [[Category: Kasashen Asiya]] h00dyk6zdxxeikqwbusym31mlrtby8i 878613 878612 2026-07-07T16:29:59Z Mansir Yusuf 19064 878613 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}}{{hujja}} [[File:Seoul express bus terminal.jpg|thumb|Tashar Mota a Birnin Seoul ]] [[File:Fountain in National Assembly Building of South Korea.jpg|thumb|zauren majalisar Koriya ta Kudu]] [[File:South Koreans at Pusan.jpg|thumb|tsohon hoton Koriya ta Kudu]] [[Fayil:Forggensee Panorama SK 0001.jpg|thumb|TEKUN Panorama na Koriya ta Kudu]] '''Koriya ta Kudu''' ƙasa ce, da ke a nahiyar [[Asiya]]. Koriya ta Kudu tana kuma da yawan fili kimani na kilomita araba'i 100,210. Japan tana da yawan jama'a 51,446,201, bisa ga jimillar shekarar 2017. Babban birnin ƙasar Japan, [[Seoul]] ne. Za Koriya ta Kudu ta samu yancin kanta acikin ƙarni na bakwai bayan haihuwar Annabi Isah Shugaban ƙasar Koriya ta Kudu Moon Jae-in tin daga shekarar 2017. Firaministan ƙasar [[Koriya]] ta Kudu Lee Nak-yeon ne daga (2017. ==Hotuna== <gallery> File:Gwangju-metro-101F-20190522-062322.jpg|Jirgin Kasa a Tashar Gwangju File:Euljiro_1-ga_Station_Myeongdong_Seoul.jpg|Tashar jirgin Kasa ta birnin Seoul </gallery> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} {{Asiya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Koriya ta Kudu}} [[Category: Kasashen Asiya]] elln7evjgf2gqoiz7j21zfxm43t2ozj 878614 878613 2026-07-07T16:30:18Z Mansir Yusuf 19064 878614 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}}{{hujja}} [[File:Seoul express bus terminal.jpg|thumb|Tashar Mota a Birnin Seoul ]] [[File:Fountain in National Assembly Building of South Korea.jpg|thumb|zauren majalisar Koriya ta Kudu]] [[File:South Koreans at Pusan.jpg|thumb|tsohon hoton Koriya ta Kudu]] [[Fayil:Forggensee Panorama SK 0001.jpg|thumb|TEKUN Panorama na Koriya ta Kudu]] '''Koriya ta Kudu''' ƙasa ce, da ke a nahiyar [[Asiya]]. Koriya ta Kudu tana kuma da yawan fili kimani na kilomita araba'i 100,210. Japan tana da yawan jama'a 51,446,201, bisa ga jimillar shekarar 2017. Babban birnin ƙasar Japan, [[Seoul]] ne. Za Koriya ta Kudu ta samu yancin kanta acikin ƙarni na bakwai bayan haihuwar Annabi Isah Shugaban ƙasar Koriya ta Kudu Moon Jae-in tin daga shekarar 2017. Firaministan ƙasar [[Koriya]] ta Kudu Lee Nak-yeon ne daga (2017). ==Hotuna== <gallery> File:Gwangju-metro-101F-20190522-062322.jpg|Jirgin Kasa a Tashar Gwangju File:Euljiro_1-ga_Station_Myeongdong_Seoul.jpg|Tashar jirgin Kasa ta birnin Seoul </gallery> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} {{Asiya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Koriya ta Kudu}} [[Category: Kasashen Asiya]] doxthbdwwkd2im3e4i4uq75afbif959 878615 878614 2026-07-07T16:33:10Z Mansir Yusuf 19064 878615 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}}{{hujja}} [[File:Seoul express bus terminal.jpg|thumb|Tashar Mota a Birnin Seoul ]] [[File:Fountain in National Assembly Building of South Korea.jpg|thumb|zauren majalisar Koriya ta Kudu]] [[File:South Koreans at Pusan.jpg|thumb|tsohon hoton Koriya ta Kudu]] [[Fayil:Forggensee Panorama SK 0001.jpg|thumb|TEKUN Panorama na Koriya ta Kudu]] '''Koriya ta Kudu''' ƙasa ce, da ke a nahiyar [[Asiya]]. Koriya ta Kudu tana kuma da yawan fili kimani na kilomita araba'i 100,210. Japan tana da yawan jama'a 51,446,201, bisa ga jimillar shekarar 2017. Babban birnin ƙasar Japan, [[Seoul]] ne. Za Koriya ta Kudu ta samu yancin kanta acikin ƙarni na bakwai bayan haihuwar Annabi Isah Shugaban ƙasar Koriya ta Kudu Moon Jae-in tin daga shekarar 2017. Firaministan ƙasar [[Koriya]] ta Kudu Lee Nak-yeon ne daga (2017). ==Hotuna== <gallery> File:Gwangju-metro-101F-20190522-062322.jpg|Jirgin Kasa a Tashar Gwangju File:Euljiro_1-ga_Station_Myeongdong_Seoul.jpg|Tashar jirgin ƙasa ta birnin Seoul </gallery> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} {{Asiya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Koriya ta Kudu}} [[Category: Kasashen Asiya]] 2utqfz7lqhnzquysif4roe57qwi2ucd 878616 878615 2026-07-07T16:33:35Z Mansir Yusuf 19064 878616 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}}{{hujja}} [[File:Seoul express bus terminal.jpg|thumb|Tashar Mota a Birnin Seoul ]] [[File:Fountain in National Assembly Building of South Korea.jpg|thumb|zauren majalisar Koriya ta Kudu]] [[File:South Koreans at Pusan.jpg|thumb|tsohon hoton Koriya ta Kudu]] [[Fayil:Forggensee Panorama SK 0001.jpg|thumb|TEKUN Panorama na Koriya ta Kudu]] '''Koriya ta Kudu''' ƙasa ce, da ke a nahiyar [[Asiya]]. Koriya ta Kudu tana kuma da yawan fili kimani na kilomita araba'i 100,210. Japan tana da yawan jama'a 51,446,201, bisa ga jimillar shekarar 2017. Babban birnin ƙasar Japan, [[Seoul]] ne. Za Koriya ta Kudu ta samu yancin kanta acikin ƙarni na bakwai bayan haihuwar Annabi Isah Shugaban ƙasar Koriya ta Kudu Moon Jae-in tin daga shekarar 2017. Firaministan ƙasar [[Koriya]] ta Kudu Lee Nak-yeon ne daga (2017). ==Hotuna== <gallery> File:Gwangju-metro-101F-20190522-062322.jpg|Jirgin ƙasa a Tashar Gwangju File:Euljiro_1-ga_Station_Myeongdong_Seoul.jpg|Tashar jirgin ƙasa ta birnin Seoul </gallery> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} {{Asiya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Koriya ta Kudu}} [[Category: Kasashen Asiya]] m739bcxov3zg6g4sy0aifeoo28zpkwf 878617 878616 2026-07-07T16:35:20Z Mansir Yusuf 19064 878617 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}}{{hujja}} [[File:Seoul express bus terminal.jpg|thumb|Tashar Mota a Birnin Seoul ]] [[File:Fountain in National Assembly Building of South Korea.jpg|thumb|zauren majalisar Koriya ta Kudu]] [[File:South Koreans at Pusan.jpg|thumb|tsohon hoton Koriya ta Kudu]] [[Fayil:Forggensee Panorama SK 0001.jpg|thumb|TEKUN Panorama na Koriya ta Kudu]] '''Koriya ta Kudu''' ƙasa ce, da ke a nahiyar [[Asiya]]. Koriya ta Kudu tana kuma da yawan fili kimani na kilomita araba'i 100,210. Japan tana da yawan jama'a 51,446,201, bisa ga jimillar shekarar 2017. Babban birnin ƙasar Japan, [[Seoul]] ne. Za Koriya ta Kudu ta samu yancin kanta acikin ƙarni na bakwai bayan haihuwar Annabi Isah Shugaban ƙasar Koriya ta Kudu Moon Jae-in tin daga shekarar 2017. Firaministan ƙasar [[Koriya]] ta Kudu Lee Nak-yeon ne daga (2017). ==Hotuna== <gallery> File:Gwangju-metro-101F-20190522-062322.jpg|Jirgin ƙasa a Tashar Gwangju File:Euljiro_1-ga_Station_Myeongdong_Seoul.jpg|Tashar jirgin ƙasa ta birnin Seoul </gallery> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} {{Asiya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Koriya ta Kudu}} [[Category: ƙasashen Asiya]] 0rgubutpxvf4s3dmpouy26z1a3a153k 0 6553 878652 872700 2026-07-07T19:23:11Z Mansir Yusuf 19064 878652 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Dauroh Qur'an.jpg|thumb|masu karatun alqur'ani mai girma]] [[Image:Touba3.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Sheikh Aliy Hemed’s manuscript Swahili tafsīr of the first six sūras.jpg|thumb|'''Al-Qur'ani''']] [[Fayil:Khatam Al-Qur'an di Bulan Ramadhan.jpg|thumb|'''Khatam Al-Qur'an di Bulan Ramadhan.''']] [[Fayil:Safavid Qur'an (TIEM 531).jpg|thumb|Qur'an]] == '''Al-Qur'ani'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quran</ref>: == [[Fayil:Folio from a Koran (8th-9th century).jpg|thumb|rubutun cikin alkur ani]] [[Fayil:Quran kareem orange logo.png|thumb|bangon Alkur ani]] (Larabci; القرآن al-Qur'an) ko kuma [[Alƙur'ani]] mai girma kamar yanda akasani, Shine littafin da Allah ya saukar a harshen Annabin Rahama, wato larabci, kuma shine littafin da Allah ya rufe saukar da duk wani littafi mai tsarki a bayansa, (babu littafin da Allah zai sake saukarwa a bayansa) kamar yadda Allah ya saukar ga Annabawan da suka gabata, domin [[Annabi Muhammadu]] (S A w) shine cika makin Annabawan Allah.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Tabari</ref><ref>https://aboutislam.net/counseling/ask-about%E2%80%91islam/islam%E2%80%91final%E2%80%91message%E2%80%91quran%E2%80%91last%E2%80%91testament/{{Dead link|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>https://islamhouse.com/read/en/the-last-revelation-2827843</ref><ref>https://www.masjidulmumineen.org.tt/revelation-wahy-the-belief-that-the-quran-is-the-final-unaltered-word-of-allah/</ref><ref>https://quranhouse.org/en/article/1871</ref><ref>https://www.islamreligion.com/article/pdf/2652</ref><ref>https://www.islamandquran.org/fatwas/the-quran-the-final-link-of-divine-revelation.html</ref><ref>https://quransubjects.wordpress.com/2019/12/03/muhammad-seal/</ref><ref>https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.13173/zeitdeutmorggese.164.1.0065</ref><ref>https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1444/12/1/4</ref><ref>https://aboutislam.net/counseling/ask-about-islam/why-didnt-god-preserve-the-previous-books/</ref> [[Fayil:Qur'an manuscript Surat al-Nisa'. (1).tif|thumb|Surat al-Nisa']] Wanda Allah ya saukar da ayoyinsa ga Annabin [[musulunci]] Annabi [[Muhammad]] (S.A.W) ta hannun [[mala'ika]] [[Mala`ika Jibril|Jibrilu]]. A cikin aƙidar [[Musulunci]], Qur'ani shi ne mafi muhimmanci kuma mafi girman mu'ujizar [[Annabi Muhammadu|Annabi Muhammad]] (S.A.W), yana tabbatar da cewa [[Muhammad|Annabi Muhammad]] (S.A.W) Manzone na gaskiya.<ref>dictionary.reference.com: [http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/Koran koran]</ref><ref>https://www.islamweb.net/en/fatwa/90933/how%E2%80%91the%E2%80%91quran%E2%80%91was%E2%80%91revealed%E2%80%91from%E2%80%91allaah%E2%80%91to%E2%80%91his%E2%80%91prophet</ref><ref>https://www.britannica.com/topic/Quran</ref><ref>https://www.islamreligion.com/articles/150/viewall/miracles-of-muhammad-part-1</ref><ref>https://islamhouse.com/read/en/the-last-revelation-2827843</ref><ref>https://islamhouse.com/read/en/the-last-revelation-2827843</ref><ref>https://qurantalkblog.com/2023/04/17/muhammads-only-miracle/</ref> Shari'ar Musulunci, wacce kuma ake kira [[sharia]], ta dogara ne akan Qur'ani (Madogararsa na Farko), shine littafin da [[musulmai]] suke karantawa, kuma suke aiki dashi, tare da hadisai Waɗanda suke sune maganar da taffito daga harshen Annabi Muhammad. Musulmai suna karanta ayoyin kur'ani daban-daban a cikin addu'o'insu.<ref>Bell, Richard; Watt, William Montgomery (1970). Bell's introduction to the Qurʼān. Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-0-7486-0597-2.</ref> Lafiyayyan hankali da tsaftataccen tunani na ɗan Adam da ayyuka na yau da kullum sun tabbatar da cewa kur'ani ya bada cikakkiyar kulawa da kariya ta fuskar haƙƙin ɗan adam na duniya, da 'yancin ɗan adam.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.iusinitinere.it/clash-between-sharia-law-and-human-rights-in-light-of-pace-resolution-2253-23827 |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2021-12-21 |archive-date=2021-06-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210628085621/https://www.iusinitinere.it/clash-between-sharia-law-and-human-rights-in-light-of-pace-resolution-2253-23827 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ƙur'ani sannan kuma kuyi shiru. Malamin ya bayar da misalin cewa akwai kuskuren da direbobi ke yi na kunna AlƘur'ani cikin mota sannan mutane kuma suna ta yin surutu, ya ce wannan zunubi yake samu ba lada ba. Wane abu ne zai sa mutum ya karanta Alƙur'ani bai samu lada ba? Malam Abubakar Abdullahi Goran Namaye ya ce babban abin da zai sa mutum ya karanta Ƙur'ani sannan ya kasa samun lada shi ne ya yi ba don Allah ba. Ya ce ko da a ce mutum yana karantawa yana samun kuskure hakan ba zai hana ya samu lada ba, inda ya ce mutum zai samu lada biyu. Ya kuma ce abin da ke tauye ladan mai karatun Ƙur'ani shi ne karatu ba tare da ya je gaban Malami ya koya masa ba. Har ila yau, Malamin addinin Musuluncin ya ce wani abu da zai sa mutum ya kasa samun lada idan ya karanta Ƙur'ani shi ne karatu a wajen da babu tsarki kamar shiga bayi. "Wani abu kuma da zai sa a rasa samun lada shi ne mutum ya je cikin kasuwa ya buɗe murya ya yi ta karanta Ƙur'ani mai girma alhalin ana hayaniya, wannan zunubi mutum zai samu maimakon lada," in ji Malam Abubakar Goran Namaye. == Hotuna: == <gallery> File:Ibn al-Bawwab - Qurʾan f. 278v-279r.jpg|thumb|Mushafin Ibn al-Bawwab. File:Quran Surah Al Kahf.png|thumb|surah daga cikin surorin alkur'ani, al-Kahf File:Birmingham Quran manuscript.jpg|thumb|Mushafin al-qurani tun karni na 7 shekara dari bayan wafatin Annabi [[Muhammad]] SAW a Birmingham kasar Ingila File:The Mushaf of Imam Ali.jpg|thumb|mushaf din Imam Ali RA File:Qur'ans.jpg|thumb|Bugun Qur'ani a 1907 File:المخطط الصغير للقراءات الأربعة عشر بالعربية والإنجليزية.pdf|thumb|Rubutun qurani a warsh da [[turanci]] File:Melaka Al-Quran Museum - Exhibition Hall.jpg|thumb|Dakin alkuranai a Meseum din al-Quran a Melaka. </gallery> Musulmai sun yi imani da cewa Allah ne ya saukar da Alkur’ani da baki ga annabin, Musulunci na karshe Muhammad(S.A.W) ta hannun Mala’ika Jibrilu a cikin shekaru kusan 23, wanda ya fara daga daren Lailatul kadari, lokacin Muhammadu yana da shekaru 40, kuma ya kare a shekara ta 632, wato shekarar rasuwarsa. Musulmai suna daukar Alkur'ani a matsayin Mu'ujiza mafi muhimmanci na Annabi Muhammadu(S.A.W), hujjar Annabcinsa, da kuma cikar jerin sakwannin Ubangiji da aka fara da wadanda aka saukar wa Annabin Musulunci na farko Adam, ciki har da littattafan Musulunci masu tsarki na Attaura, Zabura, da Linjila. Musulmai sun yi imani cewa Alkur'ani magana ce ta Ubangiji da ke ba da cikakkiyar ka'ida ta kowane fanni na rayuwa. Wannan ya sa malaman tauhidi musulmi suka yi ta muhawara mai zafi kan ko an halicce shi ne ko kuma ba a halicce shi ba. Bisa ga al'ada, da yawa daga cikin sahabban Annabi. Muhammadu(S.A.W) sun yi aiki a matsayin marubuta, suna rubuta ayoyin. Jim kadan bayan wafatin Muhammad, sahabbai suka rubuta ko haddace Alqurani bisa umarnin khalifa na farko Abubakar (r.632–634). Halifa Uthman (r. 644–656) ya kafa daidaitaccen sigar, wanda a yanzu ake kiransa da Uthmanic codex, wanda galibi ana daukarsa a matsayin nau'in Alqur'ani da aka sani a yau. Akwai, duk da haka, bambance-bambancen karatu, tare da wasu bambance-bambancen. Al-Qur'ani shine mu'ujizan shugaban mu Annabi Muhammadu(S.A.W) mafi muhimmanci, hujjar annabcinsa, da kuma ƙarshen jerin saƙon Ubangiji waɗanda aka fara daga waɗanda aka saukar wa annabin . Musulunci na farko Adam, waɗanda suka haɗa da littattafan Islama masu tsarki na Attaura, Zabura, da Linjila. Kur'ani ya ɗauka cewa mai karatu ya san manyan labaran da aka ba su a cikin nassosin Littafi Mai-Tsarki da na Afokirifa. Yana taƙaita wasu, ya daɗe a kan wasu kuma, a wasu lokuta, yana gabatar da madadin lissafi da fassarar abubuwan da suka faru. Alqurani ya siffanta kansa a matsayin littafin shiriya ga mutane (2:185). Wani lokaci yana ba da cikakkun bayanai game da takamaiman abubuwan da suka faru na tarihi, kuma sau da yawa yana jaddada mahimmancin ɗabi'a na wani lamari akan jerin labaransa. Bayanai akan Alƙur'ani mai tsarki tare da bayani kan wasu ruwayoyin Kur'ani masu ɓarna, da hukunce-hukuncen da su ma suka samar da tushen shari'ar Musulunci a mafi yawan ƙungiyoyin Islama, hadisai ne—hadisai na baka da na rubutu waɗanda aka gaskata suna bayyana kalmomi da ayyukan shugaban mu Annabi Muhammadu(S.A.W). A lokacin addu'o'in, ana karanta Al-Qur'ani da Larabci kawai. Wanda ya haddace Alqur'ani gaba daya ana kiransa da [[Hafizi]], ana karanta ayoyi tare da wani nau'i na musamman da aka tanada don wannan dalili mai suna tajwidi. A cikin watan Ramadan, Musulmai sukan kammala karatun Al-Qur'ani gaba daya a lokacin sallar tarawihi, domin fitar da ma'anar wata aya ta Kur'ani, Musulmai sun dogara da tafsiri, ko tafsiri maimakon fassarar nassi kai tsaye. == Asali da Ma'ana: == Kalmar kur’ani ta zo kusan sau 70 a cikin Alkur’ani da kansa, yana daukar ma’anoni daban-daban. Sunan fi'ili ne (maṣdar) na larabci fi'ili qara'a (قرأ) ma'ana 'ya karanta' ko 'ya karanta'. Daidai da Syriac shine qeryānā (ܩܪܝܢܐ), wanda ke nufin 'karanta nassi' ko 'darasi'. Yayin da wasu malaman yammacin duniya ke ganin kalmar ta samo asali ne daga harshen Syriac, mafi yawan mahukuntan musulmi suna ganin asalin kalmar qara’a ce. Ko da kuwa, ya zama kalmar Larabci ta rayuwar Annabi Muhammadu(S.A.W). Muhimmiyar ma'anar kalmar ita ce 'karanta', kamar yadda ya zo a cikin wani nassin Alqur'ani na farko: "Mu ne mu tattara ta mu karanta ta (Qur'anahu)."<ref>https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Quran_%28Koran%29</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quran</ref><ref>https://en.wikiquran.info/index.php?title=Quran</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.liquisearch.com/quran/etymology_and_meaning |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2025-06-29 |archive-date=2025-06-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250629192736/https://www.liquisearch.com/quran/etymology_and_meaning |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.etymonline.com/word/Quran</ref><ref>https://etymologyworld.com/item/quran</ref> A cikin wasu ayoyin, kalmar tana nufin 'wani nassi ɗaya wanda Annabi Muhammad ya karanta. An ga mahallinsa a wurare da dama, misali: ''"To idan an karanta al-qur'ani ku saurare shi kuma ku yi shiru."'' Kalmar kuma na iya ɗaukar ma'anar nassin da aka tsara yayin da aka ambata shi tare da wasu nassosi kamar Attaura da Linjila. Haka nan kalmar tana da ma'anoni ma'ana waɗanda aka yi amfani da su a cikin Alƙur'ani. Kowane ma'anar yana da nasa ma'anarsa daban-daban, amma amfani da shi yana iya haɗuwa da na kur'ani a wasu wurare. Irin waɗannan kalmomin sun haɗa da kitāb ('littafi'), āyah ('alami'), da sūrah ('nassi'); Kalmomin biyun na ƙarshe kuma suna nuna raka'o'in wahayi. A cikin mafi yawan mahallin, yawanci tare da takamaiman labarin (al-), ana kiran kalmar da wahy ('wahayi'), abin da aka "sauka" (tanzīl) a tazara. Sauran kalmomin da ke da alaƙa sun haɗa da: zikiri ('zikiri'), waɗanda ake amfani da su cikin Alqur'ani a ma'anar tunatarwa da gargaɗi; da ḥikmah ('hikima'), wani lokaci suna nufin wahayi ko sashinsa. Al-Qur'ani ya siffanta kansa a matsayin 'fahimi' (al-furqan), 'littafin uwa' (umm al-kitāb), 'jariya' (huda), 'hikima' (hikmah), 'zikiri' (zikr) , da kuma 'wahayi' (tanzīl; 'wani abu da aka saukar', yana nuna saukowar abu daga wuri mafi girma zuwa ƙasa). Wata kalma ita ce al-kitāb ('Littafi'), ko da yake ana amfani da shi a cikin harshen Larabci don wasu nassosi, kamar Attaura da Linjila. Ana amfani da kalmar mus'haf ('aiki rubutacce') sau da yawa don yin nuni ga wasu rubuce-rubucen kur'ani amma kuma ana amfani da shi a cikin Kur'ani don gano littattafan da aka saukar da farko. == Tarihi: == == Zamanin Annabci; == Hadisan Islama ya nuna cewa Annani [[Muhammad]] ya sami wahayi na farko a cikin shekara ta 610 AZ a cikin kogon Hira a daren lailatul kadari a lokacin daya ke cikin keɓantaccen wuri akan tsaunuka. Bayan haka, ya sami wahayi na tsawon shekaru 23. Kamar yadda hadisi (hadisin Muhammad)[f] da tarihin musulmi suka nuna, bayan da Amnabi Muhammadu da mabiyansa suka yi hijira zuwa [[Madina]] suka kafa al’ummar musulmi masu zaman kansu, ya umarci sahabbansa da dama da su karanta Alqur’ani da koyi da karantar da shari’o’i, wadanda suka yi hijira zuwa Madina. An bayyana kullum, an ruwaito cewa wasu daga cikin Kuraishawa da aka kama fursuna a yakin Badar sun sami ‘yanci bayan da suka koya wa wasu daga cikin musulmi rubutun sauki na lokacin. Ta haka ne a hankali rukuni na musulmi suka zama masu karatu. Kamar yadda aka fara magana, an rubuta Alqur'ani a kan alluna, da ƙasusuwa, da faɗin ƙusoshin dabino. Yawancin surori (kuma yawanci ana fassara su da Surah) an yi amfani da su a tsakanin Musulmai na farko tun da yake an ambace su a cikin maganganu masu yawa ga Ahlus Sunna suna magana game da yadda Annabu Muhammadu ya yi amfani da Alkur'ani a matsayin kira zuwa ga Musulunci, yin addu'a da kuma yadda ake karantawa. Duk da haka, Kur'ani bai wanzu a cikin littafi ba a lokacin wafatin Annabi Muhammadu a shekarar 632 yana da shekaru 61-62. Akwai yarjejeniya tsakanin malamai cewa Annabi Muhammadu da kansa bai rubuta wahayin ba. Littafin [[Sahihul Bukhariy]] ya ruwaito cewa Annabi [[Muhammad]] yana siffanta ayoyin da cewa: “Wani lokaci yakan kasance (saukarwa) kamar karar kararrawa” kuma A’isha ta ce: “Na ga Annabi ana yi masa wahayi zuwa ga Ubangiji a rana mai tsananin sanyi, sai na ga gumi na fita daga gare shi. goshinsa (yayin da wahayi ya ƙare).” [g] Muhammadu wahayi na farko, bisa ga Kur’ani, yana tare da hangen nesa. An ambaci wakilin wahayi da cewa “Mabuwayi Mai ƙarfi,” wanda “Ya bayyana a lokacin da yake a sararin sama maɗaukaki, sa’an nan kuma ya kusance sa, kuma ya sauko har ya kasance tsayin rukunai biyu ko da yake mafi kusa." Masanin ilimin addinin Islama Welch ya fada a cikin '''Encyclopaedia of Islam''' cewa ya yi imanin cewa za a iya ɗaukar bayanin yanayin Muhammadu a zahiri a matsayin gaskiya, domin ya damu sosai bayan waɗannan ayoyin. A cewar Welch, da waɗanda ke kewaye da shi za su iya ganin waɗannan kame a matsayin tabbataccen shaida na tushen wahayin Muhammadu fiye da ɗan adam. Duk da haka, masu sukar Muhammadu sun zarge shi da cewa shi mallaki ne, boka, ko mai sihiri tunda abubuwan da ya faru sun yi kama da waɗanda irin waɗannan mutane suka yi da'awa a zamanin Larabawa. Welch ya kuma bayyana cewa har yanzu babu tabbas ko waɗannan abubuwan sun faru ne kafin ko bayan da'awar farko da Annabi Muhammadu ya yi na Annabci. Kur'aniarshedar Musulunci, an saukar da Kur'ani ga Muhammadu a cikin ahruf bakwai daban-daban (ma'anar haruffa; duk da haka, yana iya nufin yaruka, sifofi, ko salo). Mafi yawan malaman musulunci sun yarda cewa wadannan ahrufan mabambanta alkur'ani guda ne da aka saukar a yarukan larabci guda bakwai kuma ba sa canza ma'anar kur'ani wanda manufarsa ita ce saukaka karatun kur'ani da hadda. A tsakanin kabilun Larabawa daban-daban. Gara guda ɗaya ne kawai daga cikin bakwai ɗin ya tsira kuma har yanzu ana amfani da shi, wanda ake kyautata zaton yaren kuraishawa ne. Yayin da musulmi 'yan Sunna suka yi imani da ahrufi bakwai, wasu 'yan Shi'a sun yi watsi da ra'ayin bambance-bambancen Kur'ani guda bakwai. Kuskuren da aka saba shi ne cewa ahrufi bakwai da Qira’at daya ne. == Tattara da Kiyayewa(Adanawa): == Bayan wafatin Shugaban mu Annabi [[Muhammadu]](S.A.W) a shekara ta 632, Musaylima ya kashe wasu sahabbansa da suka haddace Al-Qur'ani a yakin al-Yamama. Khalifan farko Abubakar (r.632-634) daga baya ya yanke shawarar tattara littafin a juzu’i guda domin a kiyaye shi[43]. Zaid bn Thabit (d. 655) shi ne wanda ya tattara Alqur’ani tunda “ya kasance yana rubuta wahayi zuwa ga manzon Allah don adanawa. Don haka, gungun marubuta, mafi mahimmanci, Zaid, suka tattara ayoyin, suka samar da rubutun da hannu na cikakken littafin. Rubutun a cewar Zaid ya kasance tare da Abubakar har ya rasu. Halin da Zaid ya yi game da wannan aiki da wahalhalun da ake samu wajen tattara kayan Alqur’ani daga fatu, da ’ya’yan itatuwan dabino, da sirararan duwatsu (wanda aka fi sani da suhuf, duk wani rubutaccen aiki da ya qunshi koyarwar Ubangiji) da kuma na mazajen da suka san shi da zuciya daya ya zo a cikin ruwayoyin farko. A shekara ta 644, matar Muhammad(S.A.W) Hafsa bint Umar ta kasance aka ba ta littafin har sai da halifa na uku, Uthman (r.644-656) ya bukaci a ba ta misali. A cewar masanin [[tarihi]] Michael Cook, ruwayoyin musulmi na farko game da tarawa da harhada Alqur’ani a wasu lokuta suna cin karo da kansu: “Yawancinsu… suna sanya Uthman kadan fiye da edita watau mai gyare-gyare, amma akwai wadanda a cikinsu ya bayyana a matsayin mai tattarawa, yana jan hankalin mutane su kawo masa wani abu daga cikin Alqur’ani da suka mallaka”. Wasu kuma "sun ba da shawarar cewa a gaskiya kayan" Abu Bakr ya yi aiki da "an riga an tattara su", wanda tun da shi ne halifa na farko, yana nufin an tattara su lokacin da Annabin musulunci Muhammadu (S.A.W) yana da [[rai]]. Qira'at wacce hanya ce da kuma hanyar karatun Alqur'ani an inganta ta ne daga baya. Karatun littafai guda goma ne kuma kada a rude su da ahruf. ‘Yan Shi’a suna karatun Alqur’ani ne bisa Qira’at Hafs a kan ‘Asim, wadda ita ce qira’ar da ta yadu a duniyar Musulunci kuma sun yi imani da cewa Muhammadu ne ya tattara Alqur’ani kuma ya harhada shi a lokacin rayuwarsa. Ana da'awar cewa Shi'a na da hadisai sama da 1,000 da aka jingina ga Imaman Shi'a wadanda ke nuni da gurbatar Alkur'ani kuma a cewar Etan Kohlberg, wannan akida game da Alkur'ani ya zama ruwan dare a tsakanin 'yan Shi'a a farkon karni na Musulunci. A ra’ayinsa, Ibn Babawayh shi ne babban marubuci ‘yan-sha-biyu na farko “wanda ya dauki matsayi mai kama da na Ahlus-Sunnah” kuma canjin ya samo asali ne daga “tashin halifancin Ahlus-Sunnah Abbasiyyah,” inda a nan ne imani da fasadi na Ahlus-Sunnah. Al-Qur'ani ya zama wanda ba zai iya tsayawa ba bisa ga matsayin Ahlus-Sunnah "Al'ada". An yi ta karkata akalar da ake zargin an yi ne don kawar da duk wata alaka da haqqin Ali da Imamai da magoya bayansu da rashin yarda da maqiya kamar Umayyawa da Abbasiyawa. Wasu kwafin Alqur'ani mai yiwuwa sun wanzu ciki har da na Ibn Mas'ud da na Ubay ibn Ka'b, babu ɗayansu a yau. == Binciken Ilimi: == Tun da Musulmai na iya ɗaukar sukar Kur'ani a matsayin laifi na ridda da hukuncin kisa a ƙarƙashin shari'a, da alama ba zai yiwu a gudanar da bincike kan Kur'ani wanda ya wuce sukar nassi ba. Har zuwa farkon shekarun 1970, malaman Islama wadanda ba musulmi ba - alhali ba su yarda da bayanin al'ada na tsoma bakin Ubangiji ba - sun yarda da labarin asalin al'ada da aka ambata a sama da cikakkun bayanai. Farfesa Fred Donner na Jami'ar Chicago ya ce: ''A nan ne farkon ƙoƙari na kafa nassin Kur'ani mai ɗaiɗai ɗaya daga abin da ya kasance mafi girman rukuni na nassosi masu alaƙa a farkon watsawa.…'' , da duk rubuce-rubucen da suka gabata—duk da bambance-bambancen su—da alama sun wanzu har zuwa lokacin da aka kafa wannan madaidaicin rubutun baƙaƙe. Ko da yake an daina watsa yawancin karatun nassin Alqur'ani, wasu har yanzu suna nan. Babu wani nassi mai mahimmanci da aka samar wanda za a iya dogara da shi na sake gina nassin Alqur'ani[j]. A shekara ta 1972, a wani masallaci a birnin Sana'a na kasar Yemen, an gano rubuce-rubucen "da suka kunshi guda 12,000" wadanda daga baya aka tabbatar da cewa su ne nassin kur'ani mafi dadewa da aka san akwai su a lokacin. Rubutun Sana’a na ɗauke da takalmi, shafukan rubutun da aka cire rubutun daga gare su don sake yin amfani da fatun—al’adar da aka saba yi a zamanin dā saboda ƙarancin kayan rubutu. Koyaya, ƙaramin rubutun da aka wanke (scriptio inferior) har yanzu ba a ganuwa. Nazarin da aka yi amfani da haɗin gwiwar radiocarbon ya nuna cewa fakitin an rubuta su tun kafin shekarar 671 AZ tare da yuwuwar kashi 99 cikin ɗari. Masanin nan dan kasar Jamus Gerd R. Puin ya shafe shekaru yana binciken wadannan gutsutsutsun kur'ani. Tawagar bincikensa ta yi hotuna 35,000 microfilm na rubuce-rubucen, wanda ya yi kwanan wata a farkon karni na 8th. Puin ya lura da odar ayoyin da ba na al'ada ba, ƙananan bambance-bambancen rubutu, da kuma salon rubutu da ba safai ba, kuma ya nuna cewa wasu fakitin fatun ne da aka sake amfani da su. Puin ya yi imanin cewa wannan yana nufin wani rubutu mai tasowa sabanin ƙayyadadden rubutu. A shekarar 2015, an gano folio guda na kur'ani mai girma, tun shekaru 1370 da suka gabata, a dakin karatu na jami'ar Birmingham da ke Ingila. Dangane da gwaje-gwajen da Sashen Hanzarta Radiyo Carbon na Jami'ar Oxford suka yi, "tare da yuwuwar fiye da 95%, fatun ya kasance tsakanin 568 da 645". An rubuta rubutun a cikin rubutun Hijazi, farkon nau'in rubutaccen Larabci. Wannan mai yiyuwa ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin tsoffin misalan Alƙur'ani, amma kamar yadda gwaje-gwajen suka ba da damar adadin kwanakin da za a iya yi, ba za a iya cewa da tabbacin wanne ne mafi tsufa a cikin sifofin da ake da su ba. Masanin kasar Saudiyya Saud al-Sarhan ya bayyana shakku kan shekarun gutsuttsuran saboda suna dauke da dige-dige da masu raba babin da ake kyautata zaton sun samo asali ne daga baya. Rubutun Birmingham ya haifar da farin ciki a tsakanin muminai saboda yuwuwar sa tare da babban al'adar tsawon rayuwar Muhammad c. shekara ta 570 zuwa shekarar 632 CE kuma an yi amfani da shi azaman shaida don tallafawa hikima ta al'ada da kuma karyata ra'ayoyin masu bita da ke bayyana bincike da ra'ayoyi daban-daban daga tsarin gargajiya na farkon tarihin Alqur'ani da Musulunci. == Abubuwan ciki: == Abubuwan da ke cikin kur'ani sun shafi ainihin akidun Musulunci da suka hada da samuwar Allah da tashin kiyama. Labarin annabawa na farko, batutuwan da'a da shari'a, abubuwan tarihi na zamanin Annabi [[Muhammadu]], sadaka da addu'a su ma sun bayyana a cikin Alqur'ani. Ayoyin kur'ani sun kunshi nasiha ga baki daya dangane da daidai da kuskure kuma abubuwan tarihi suna da alaka da zayyana darussa na dabi'a gaba daya. An kira salon kur’ani da sunan “sha’awa”, inda ake bukatar tafsirai don bayyana abin da ake magana a kai—“an yi magana kan abubuwan da suka faru, amma ba a ruwaito su ba, ana tafka muhawara ba tare da an yi bayaninsu ba, an ambaci mutane da wurare, amma ba kasafai ake ambaton sunayensu ba. “Yayin da tafsiri a cikin ilimomin [[Musulunci]] ya bayyana kokarin fahimtar ma’anonin kur’ani a fakaice da kuma a fakaice, fiqhu yana nufin kokarin fadada ma’anar lafuzza, musamman a cikin ayoyin da suka shafi tanade-tanade, da kuma fahimtarsa. Nazarin kur'ani ya bayyana cewa, a mahallin tarihi, abin da ke cikin kur'ani yana da alaka da littattafan Rabawa, Yahudawa-Kirista, Kiristanci na Syria da na Hellenanci, da kuma Larabawa kafin zuwan Musulunci. Wurare da yawa, batutuwa da masu tatsuniyoyi a cikin al'adun [[Larabawa]] da al'ummomi da yawa a cikin yankunansu na tarihi, musamman labarun Yahudanci da Kiristanci, suna cikin Alƙur'ani tare da ƙananan maganganu, nassoshi ko wasu ƙananan ruwayoyi irin su jannāt 'adn, jahannam, Bakwai masu barci. Sarauniyar Sheba da sauransu. Duk da haka, wasu masana falsafa da masana irin su Mohammed Arkoun, waɗanda suka jaddada abubuwan tatsuniyoyi na [[Alƙur'ani]], sun gamu da halayen ƙin yarda a cikin da'irar Musulunci. Labarun Yusuf da Zulaikha, Musa, Iyalan Amram (iyayen Maryama bisa ga Alqur'ani) da kuma jarumi mai ban mamaki Dhul-Qarnayn ("mutumin da ƙahoni biyu") wanda ya gina shinge ga Yajuju da Majuju wanda zai kasance har zuwa ƙarshen loakci sun fi cikakkun bayanai da kuma dogon labarai. Baya ga abubuwan da suka faru na ɗan tarihi da haruffa irin su Sarki Sulemanu da Dauda, game da tarihin Yahudawa da kuma ficewar Isra'ilawa daga Masar, tatsuniyoyi na annabawan Ibraniyawa da aka yarda da su a Musulunci, kamar Halitta, Rigyawa, gwagwarmayar Ibrahim da Nimrod. , sadaukarwar dansa ya mamaye wuri mai fadi a cikin Alkur'ani. Babban jigon Kur'ani shi ne tauhidi. An kwatanta Allah a matsayin mai rai, madawwami, masani kuma mai iko duka (duba, misali, Quran 2:20; 2:29; 2:255). Ikon Allah ya bayyana sama da kowa a cikin ikonsa na yin halitta. Shi ne mahaliccin komai, na sammai da kasa da abin da ke tsakaninsu (duba, misali, Quran 13:16; 2:253; 50:38, da sauransu). Dukkan ’yan Adam daidai suke da dogaro ga Allah gaba daya, kuma jin dadinsu ya ta’allaka ne a kan yarda da hakan da kuma rayuwa a kan haka. Al-Qur'ani ya yi amfani da dalilai na fayyace [[sararin samaniya]] da kuma tabbatuwa a cikin ayoyi daban-daban ba tare da yin nuni ga sharuddan tabbatar da samuwar Ubangiji ba. Don haka duniya ta samo asali ne kuma tana buqatar mahalicci, kuma duk abin da yake akwai dole ya sami isasshiyar sanadin samuwarsa. Ban da haka, ana yawan ambaton ƙirar sararin [[samaniya]] a matsayin wurin tunani: "Shi ne wanda ya halicci [[sammai bakwai]] daidai da juna ba tare da wani aibu ba ko rashin daidai. Duk da cewa musulmi ba sa shakkar samuwar Allah da hadin kai, wataqila sun yi dabi’u daban-daban wadanda suka canza kuma suka bunqasa tsawon tarihi dangane da yanayinsa (sifofinsa), sunayensa da dangantakarsa da [[halitta]]. Mustafa Öztürk ya yi nuni da cewa, musulmin farko sun yi imani da cewa wannan allah yana rayuwa a sama da fadin Ahmad Ibn Hanbal: “Duk wanda ya ce [[Allah]] yana ko’ina to shi dan bidi’a ne, kafiri ne, sai a kira shi ya tuba, amma idan ya tuba. ba, a kashe." Wannan fahimtar ta canza daga baya kuma ta ba da damar fahimtar cewa “Ba za a iya sanya wa Allah wuri ba, kuma yana ko’ina.” Haka nan ayyuka da sifofi suh kamar zuwa, tafiya, zama, gamsuwa, fushi da bakin ciki da sauransu makamancinsu da mutane ake amfani da su. domin wannan Allah a cikin Alkur’ani an dauke shi a matsayin mutashabihat – “babu wanda ya san tawilinsa sai Allah” (Alkurani 3:7) – da malamai daga baya suka bayyana cewa Allah ba ya kamanta da [[mutane]] ta kowace hanya. == Annabawa: == A Musulunci; Allah yana magana da mutanen da ake ce wa annabawa ta hanyar wahayi da ake kira wahy, ko kuma ta hanyar mala’iku.(42:51) nubuwwah (Larabci: نبوة ‘annabcin’) ana kallonsa a matsayin wani aiki da Allah ya dora wa mutane masu wasu halaye irin wadannan a matsayin su na masu hankali da gaskiya da karfin zuciya da adalci: "Babu wani abu da za a ce muku wanda ba a ce wa manzanni daga gabaninku ba, cewa ubangijinku yana da gafara ga umurninsa da kuma azaba mai girma." Musulunci ya dauki Annabi [[Ibrahim]] a matsayin mahada a cikin jerin annabawa da ta fara daga Adamu kuma ta kare a Annani Muhammad (S.A.W) ta hanyar Isma’il kuma aka ambata a cikin surah ta 35 na Alqur’ani, fiye da kowane mutum na Littafi Mai Tsarki ban da Musa. Musulmai suna kallonsa a matsayin mai fasa tsafi, Hanif, babban siffar cikakken musulmi, kuma annabi mai girma kuma maginin [[Ka'aba]] a Makka. Al-Qur'ani akai-akai yana kiran Musulunci a matsayin 'addinin tafarkin Ibrahim' (millat Ibrahim). Bayan Ishaku da Yakubu, Musulmai galibi suna ɗaukar Ibrahim a matsayin uba nagari. A Musulunci, ana yin Idi-al-Adha ne don tunawa da ƙoƙarin Ibrahim na yin hadaya da ɗansa ta hanyar miƙa wuya ga mafarkinsa, (As-Saaffat; 100-107) wanda ya yarda da shi a matsayin nufin Allah. A cikin addinin [[Yahudanci]], ana ganin labarin a matsayin labari da aka tsara don maye gurbin hadayar yara da hadayar dabba gabaɗaya ko kuma a matsayin misali da ke kwatanta “hadaya ta dabi’ar dabba”, fahimtar addinin Islama na [[Orthodox]] ya ɗauki sadaukarwar dabba a matsayin sunna na wajibi ko kuma mai ƙarfi ga [[musulmi]] waɗanda cika wasu sharudda, akan takamaiman kwanan wata da kalandar Hijira ta kayyade a kowace shekara. A Musulunci, Musa fitaccen Annabi ne kuma manzon Allah kuma mutum ne da aka fi ambata a cikin Alkur’ani, inda aka ambaci sunansa har sau 136, an kuma ba da labarin rayuwarsa fiye da na kowane Annabi. Ana ɗaukan Yesu wani annabi mai muhimmanci tare da haihuwarsa mara uba, (66:12, 21:89) na musamman tare da furcin da aka yi amfani da shi a gare shi, kamar “kalmar” da “ruhu” daga wurin Allah da kuma sura da aka keɓe ga uwarsa Maryamu a cikin Littafi Mai Tsarki. Alqur'ani. A cewar suratu As-Saff aya ta 6, yayin da yake bada labarin zuwan Annabin musulunci Muhammad(S.A.W), Ahlus-Sunnah sun fahimci cewa Yesu ya ci gaba da rayuwa a cikin sararin sama, kamar yadda a cikin labarun hawan Yesu zuwa sama, ya yi wa'azi cewa zai dawo duniya kusa da apocalypse(Mahdi), zai yi addu'a a bayansa sannan a kashe Masihin [[Qarya]] (Dajjal). == Abubuwan al ajabi a cikin sa == Al qurani ya bada tarihin abubuwan da suka faru tu kafin halittar ɗan adam, wanda sai yanzu masu ilimin kimiyyya da fasaha suke gano wa, kamar maganar (bing bang theory) da kuma biology "wanda yake cewa dukkan rayuwa ta fara ne da ga ruwa" == Manazarta;== * [http://ha.quranacademy.org/quran Quran Word by Word] // QuranAcademy.org * [https://islamhouse.com/en/books/597/ Translation of the Meanings of the Quran into Hausa] {{DEFAULTSORT:Alkurani}} [[Category:Musulunci]] 8cmj9t2erkgy31aruactigtk0f32q2h 3 7145 878742 865709 2026-07-07T23:54:46Z MediaWiki message delivery 3927 /* Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin 2026 Issue 12 */ sabon sashe 878742 wikitext text/x-wiki # {{DISPLAYTITLE:<b><span style="color:black">User talk:</span><span style="color:green">M</span><span style="color:black">-</span><span style="color:green">Mustapha</span></b>}} == Facebook page == Dear Mohammed, Thanks a lot for your contributions. Just to mention that I have just created a Facebook page regarding the Hausa Wikipedia, in order to get more interest from Hausa-speaking people: you're welcome if you want to like it or share it with your friends: [https://www.facebook.com/HausaWikipedia/ Hausa Wikipedia] Thanks a lot, Kind regards, --[[User:DonCamillo|DonCamillo]] ([[User talk:DonCamillo|talk]]) 11:10, 5 Maris 2018 (UTC) OK! thanks so much DonCamillo and I'll follow the page and share it. [[User:The Living love|<span style="text-shadow:gray 3px 3px 2px;"><font color="#663300">'''''The Living love'''''</font></span>]][[User Talk:The Living love|<span style="text-shadow:gray 3px 3px 2px;"><sup> talk</sup></span>]] 17:23, 12 Maris 2018 (UTC) == Manzo == Dear Mohammed, I'm trying to connect the page "Manzo" you have created (well done!) to pages available on Wikipedia in other languages. Can you please confirm that "Prophet" is the correct translation for "Manzo" in English? Na gode sosai, --[[User:DonCamillo|DonCamillo]] ([[User talk:DonCamillo|talk]]) 04:58, 14 Maris 2018 (UTC) Dear [[Use:DonCamillo|DonCamillo]] the word '''Manzo''' means Messenger, and word '''Annabi''' means prophet [[User:Abubakar A Gwanki|Abubakar A Gwanki]] ([[User talk:Abubakar A Gwanki|talk]]) 05:24, 2 Nuwamba, 2018 (UTC) Hello [[User:DonCamillo|DonCamillo]] There is little differences between these words, the word " Prophet " Arabic (نبي) it means Annabi in hausa while the word "Messenger" Arabic (رسول) means Manzo. [[User:The Living love|<span style="text-shadow:gray 3px 3px 2px;"><font color="#663300">'''''The Living love'''''</font></span>]][[User Talk:The Living love|<span style="text-shadow:gray 3px 3px 2px;"><sup> talk</sup></span>]] Dear [[Use:DonCamillo|DonCamillo]] Manzo means messenger in any sort of form anyone carrying messages can be called Manzo. It's just a dictionary meaning of messenger in hausa. While prophet have another literal meaning.[[User:Musa Vacho77|Musa Vacho77]] ([[User talk:Musa Vacho77|talk]]) 07:25, 25 ga Yuni, 2020 (UTC) == Admins == Dear Mohammed, Thanks a lot for your contributions to the project! This is just to inform you that we have two applications for "admin" status (a status that allows you to delete non-appropriate content, to block people who are adding inappropriate information...) at the moment on the Hausa Wikipedia: [[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] and myself. Your support would be much appreciated: we just need you to add "<nowiki>*'''Support''' --~~~~</nowiki>" [[Wikipedia:Kofan_al'umma#Neman_Administrator|here]] and [[Wikipedia:Kofan_al'umma#Gudanarwa/administrator_2|here]]. Thanks a lot/Nagode sosai, --[[User:DonCamillo|DonCamillo]] ([[User talk:DonCamillo|talk]]) 05:39, 11 Mayu 2018 (UTC) == Congrats == Dear The Living love, Congrats on your recent contributions improving the Hausa Wikipedia! Just a few suggestions for translating from English: for references, since the Hausa Wikipedia does not have all the templates they have on the English Wikipedia, it is much better to use the very simple <nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki> (for instance: <nowiki><ref>Bernard Caron da Ahmed Amfani, ''Dictionnaire français-haoussa''.</ref></nowiki>), otherwise the templates will not work and there will error messages, some content will not show up... To display the reference at the bottom of the article you can use <nowiki><references/></nowiki>, in a section like <nowiki>== Mazanarta ==</nowiki>, for instance (a friend told be it was an appropriate Hausa translation for references, but feel free to do otherwise). For pictures, if you use only <nowiki>[[File:Picture]]</nowiki> there will be a problem with the size of the image, so for a better rendition you can use <nowiki>[[File:Picture|thumb|right]]</nowiki> : the picture will be smaller and will appear at the top right of the article. You can also use the Databox template (adding <nowiki>{{databox}}</nowiki> at the top of the article) and it will show an information box with information from Wikidata at the top right of the article. Nagode sosai! –[[User:DonCamillo|DonCamillo]] ([[User talk:DonCamillo|talk]]) 09:34, 11 Nuwamba, 2018 (UTC) Godiya nake da samun wannan Karin hasken [[User: DonCamillo|DonCamillo]]. [[User:The Living love|The Living love]] ([[User talk:The Living love#top|talk]]) 11:38, 11 Nuwamba, 2018 (UTC) == WAM Organizers Update == Hi WAM Organizer! Hopefully, everything works just fine so far! '''[[:m:Talk:Wikipedia Asian Month 2018|Need Help Button''', post in any language is fine]] * Here are some recent updates and clarification of rules for you, and as always, let me know if you have any idea, thought or question. ** Additional souvenirs (e.g. postcard) will be sent to Ambassadors and active organizers. ** A participant's article count is combined on all language Wikipedias they have contributed to ** Only Wikipedia Asian Month on Wikipedia or Wikivoyage projects count (no WikiQuote, etc.) ** The global top 3 article count will only be eligible on Wikipedias where the WAM article requirement is at least 3,000 bytes and 300 words. ** If your community accepts an extension for articles, you should set up a page and allow participants to submit their contributions there. ** In case of redirection not allowed submitting in Fountain tool, a workaround is to delete it, copy and submit again. Or a submission page can be used too. ** Please make sure enforce the rules, such as proper references, notability, and length. ** International organizers will double check the top 3 users' accepted articles, so if your articles are not fulfilling the rules, they might be disqualified. We don't want it happened so please don't let us make such a decision. Please feel free to contact me and WAM team on [[m:Talk:Wikipedia Asian Month 2018|meta talk page]], send me an email by Email this User or chat with me on facebook. For some languages, the activity for WAM is very less, If you need any help please reach out to us, still, 12 more days left for WAM, Please encourage your community members to take part in it. If you no longer want to receive the WAM organizer message, you can remove your username at [[:m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikipedia Asian Month Organisers|this page]]. Best Wishes,<br /> Sailesh Patnaik<br /> <!-- Message sent by User:Saileshpat@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Asian_Month_Organisers&oldid=18557757 --> == What's Next (WAM)! == Congratulations! The Wikipedia Asian Month has ended successfully and you've done amazing work of organizing. What we've got and what's next? ; Tool problem : If you faced problem submitting articles via judging tool, use [[:m:Wikipedia Asian Month 2018/late submit|this meta page]] to do so. Please spread this message with local participants. ; Here are what will come after the end of WAM * Make sure you judge all articles before December 7th, and participants who can improve their contribution (not submit) before December 10th. * Participates still can submit their contribution of November before December 5th at [[:m:Wikipedia Asian Month 2018/late submit|'''this page''']]. Please let your local wiki participates know. Once you finish the judging, please update [[:m:Wikipedia Asian Month 2018/Status|'''this page''']] after December 7th * There will be three round of address collection scheduled: December 15th, December 20th, and December 25th. * Please report the local Wikipedia Asian Ambassador (who has most accepted articles) [[:m:Wikipedia Asian Month 2018/Ambassadors|'''on this page''']], if the 2nd participants have more than 30 accepted articles, you will have two ambassadors. * There will be a progress page for the postcards. ; Some Questions * In case you wondering how can you use the WAM tool (Fountain) in your own contest, contact the developer [[:m:User:Ле Лой|Le Loi]] for more information. Thanks again, Regards <br> [[User:Saileshpat|Sailesh Patnaik]] using [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 04:59, 3 Disamba 2018 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Saileshpat@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Asian_Month_Organisers&oldid=18652404 --> ==Please contact me== Hi, The living love Please contact me via [[special:emailuser/ammarpad|my email]] or send your mobile contact. Thanks. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 08:42, 6 Disamba 2018 (UTC) :Barka da aiki [[user:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]], inason sanar dakai cewan ina neman Administrator anan [[Wikipedia:Kofan_al'umma#Nema/Request_Administrator|Nema/Request Administrator]], dafatan zaka duba ko zaka goyi baya na. Nagode.[[User:The Living love|The Living love]] ([[User talk:The Living love#top|talk]]) 04:02, 4 ga Maris, 2019 (UTC) ::Yayi kyau, nayi magana a can. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 08:35, 4 ga Maris, 2019 (UTC) == Duplicate articles == Hi The Living Love, Just to let you know that there are already articles on [[Mohammed Buba Marwa]] (I have already merged the two articles) and [[Isah]] ([[Isa Almasihu]], maybe it is better if you can add the content to this article directly). If you want to check if there is already an article in Hausa, the best way to do so is to check on Wikidata, this way you will immediately see if there is another article, maybe with another name. It's easy to create a redirect using <nowiki>#REDIRECT [[Name of the article]]</nowiki>. Nagode sosai! Thanks again for your amazing contributions to the project, –[[User:DonCamillo|DonCamillo]] ([[User talk:DonCamillo|talk]]) 11:53, 7 Disamba 2018 (UTC) Thanks! [[user:DonCamillo|DonCamillo]], I would like to let you know that, most of the articles duplicated were created with a different spellings, although I tried to make Redirect when I come across them, but articles like this [[Uosaine dan Ali]] instead of AlHusain or Hussain Dan/Bin Ali were totally misspelled. But anyway I'll check the wikidata first as you suggested. [[User:The Living love|The Living love]] ([[User talk:The Living love#top|talk]]) 11:56, 9 Disamba 2018 (UTC) == WAM Postcard collection == Dear organiser, Thanks for your patience, I apologise for the delay in sending the Google form for address collection. Please share [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScoZU2jEj-ndH3fLwhwG0YBc99fPiWZIfBB1UlvqTawqTEsMA/viewform this form] and the message with the participants who created 4 or more than 4 articles during WAM. We will send the reminders directly to the participants from next time, but please ask the participants to fill the form before January 10th 2019. Things to do: #If you're the only organiser in your language edition, Please accept your article, keeping the WAM guidelines in mind. #Please report the local Wikipedia Asian Ambassador (who has most accepted articles) [[:m:Wikipedia Asian Month 2018/Ambassadors|'''on this page''']], if the 2nd participants have more than 30 accepted articles, you will have two ambassadors. #Please update the status of your language edition in [[:m:Wikipedia Asian Month 2018/Status|'''this page''']]. Note: This form is only accessed by WAM international team. All personal data will be destroyed immediately after postcards are sent. If you have problems accessing the google form, you can use [[:m:Special:EmailUser/Saileshpat|Email This User]] to send your address to my Email. Thanks :) --[[:m:User:Saileshpat|Saileshpat]] using [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 21:15, 19 Disamba 2018 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Saileshpat@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Asian_Month_Organisers&oldid=18711123 --> :Hello [[:m:User:Saileshpat|Saileshpat]], I didn't receive any postcards yet.[[User:The Living love|The Living love]] ([[User talk:The Living love#top|talk]]) 05:30, 22 ga Yuni, 2019 (UTC) == Invitation to Organize Wiki Loves Love 2019 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> [[File:WLL Subtitled Logo subtitled b (transparent).svg|frameless|right]] [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Love 2019|Wiki Loves Love]] (WLL) is an International photography competition of Wikimedia Commons to subject love testimonials happening in the month of February 2019. The primary goal of the competition is to document love testimonials through human cultural diversity such as monuments, ceremonies, snapshot of tender gesture, and miscellaneous objects used as symbol of love; to illustrate articles in the worldwide free encyclopedia Wikipedia, and other Wikimedia Foundation (WMF) projects. February is around the corner and Wiki Loves Love team invites you to organize and promote WLL19 in your country and join hands with us to celebrate love and document it on Wikimedia Commons. The theme of 2019 is '''Festivals, ceremonies and celebrations of love'''. To organize Wiki Loves Love in your region, sign up at WLL [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Love 2019/Organise|Organizers]] page. You can also simply support and spread love by helping us [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Love 2019|translate]] the commons page in your local language which is open for translation. The contest starts runs from 1-28 February 2019. Independent from if there is a local contest organised in your country, you can help by making the photo contest Wiki Loves Love more accessible and available to more people in the world by translating the upload wizard, templates and pages to your local language. See for an overview of templates/pages to be translated at our [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Love 2019/Translations|Translations page]]. Imagine...The sum of all love! [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Love 2019/International Team|Wiki Loves Love team]] --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 12:33, 6 ga Janairu, 2019 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wiki_Loves_Love&oldid=18760999 --> == Gayyata zuwa fassara == Barka dai! Yanzu ana iya fassara shafuka kai tsaye daga wasu harsunan zuwa Hausa da taimakon google. Na gode! [[User:Engr Muhammad Khamis|Engr Muhammad Khamis]] ([[User talk:Engr Muhammad Khamis|talk]]) 16:42, 12 ga Janairu, 2019 (UTC) Barka ka dai Engr. [[User:Engr Muhammad Khamis| Muhammad Khamis]] Inason Karin haske/bayani, ta yadda abun yake. [[User:The Living love|The Living love]] ([[User talk:The Living love#top|talk]]) 08:38, 13 ga Janairu, 2019 (UTC) Tsarin na aiki ne da google translate, idan ka danna sakin-layi zai fassara maka kai-tsaye. Ziyarci https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation domin gwadawa. Na gode! [[User:Engr Muhammad Khamis|Engr Muhammad Khamis]] ([[User talk:Engr Muhammad Khamis|talk]]) 20:53, 13 ga Janairu, 2019 (UTC) == Articles on US States == Dear The Living love, Thanks for all your amazing contributions to the project! I am considering creating articles for the 50 US States: could you tell me if [[User:DonCamillo/Wyoming|this pattern]] is alright, and correct me if the Hausa I use is wrong? In particular I am not sure about "kilomita murraba'i" to say "square kilometer". A friend who speaks Hausa as a second language told me that, but I cannot find it anywhere else online. Thanks a lot, –[[User:DonCamillo|DonCamillo]] ([[User talk:DonCamillo|talk]]) 07:19, 29 ga Janairu, 2019 (UTC) Nagode sosai! [[User:DonCamillo|DonCamillo]], The pattern is alright, and the " kilomita murabba'i" is exactly the alternative phrase for "square kilometres". Thank you so much. [[User:The Living love|The Living love]] ([[User talk:The Living love#top|talk]]) 09:51, 29 ga Janairu, 2019 (UTC) :Nagode sosai! Zan kirkira mukaloli hamsin game da jihohin Tarayyar Amuraka. –[[User:DonCamillo|DonCamillo]] ([[User talk:DonCamillo|talk]]) 11:36, 29 ga Janairu, 2019 (UTC) Yayi kyau sosai, ina ganin kamar na kirkiri [[Hawaii]] daga ciki. Thanks. ==BARKA DAI== The Living Love, ina maka fatan alkhairi, naga contributions dinka da yawa da kayi kuma ina so ka sani da dama nayi contribution ta hanyar samun kwarin gwuiwa daga irin kokarin da kake yi. Abu na gaba kuma shine Dan Allah indai da hali to inaso na samu contact dinka ko na Facebook ko Instagram ko Phone number domin ina so na rinka tattaunawa da kai. Nagofe = [[User:Abubakar A Gwanki|Abubakar A Gwanki]] ([[User talk:Abubakar A Gwanki|talk]]) 23:11, 30 ga Janairu, 2019 (UTC) OK, Nagode sosai. [[User:The Living love|The Living love]] ([[User talk:The Living love#top|talk]]) 23:29, 30 ga Janairu, 2019 (UTC) ==Email== Barka dai The Living Love, Kamar yadda ka bukaci na baka Email dina to ga shi (xxxxxx@gmail.com) Nagode - [[User:Abubakar A Gwanki|Abubakar A Gwanki]] ([[User talk:Abubakar A Gwanki|talk]]) 09:55, 4 ga Faburairu, 2019 (UTC) == PHP7 == Dan Allah inaso kayi min Karin bayanini akan PHP7 - [[User:Abubakar A Gwanki|Abubakar A Gwanki]] ([[User talk:Abubakar A Gwanki|talk]]) 17:25, 26 ga Faburairu, 2019 (UTC) :Madalla [[user:Abubakar A Gwanki|Abubkar]], PHP7 software ne da Wikipedia ke amfani dashi a dukkanin projects ɗinta, ganin cewa a baya an daina amfani dashi sai aka fara amfani da '''HHVM''', bayan sake inganta shi ayanzu andawo da amfani dashi, idan kanason fara amfani dashi kaima, kawai kaje Preferences ɗinka, ka duba sashen "''Beta features''"; sai kayi makin ƙaramin akwatin dake gefensa. Don ƙarin bayani zaka iya shiga kan liƙau ɗin PHP7 ɗin, zai kaika shafin "mediaWiki" inda ake tattauna canje-canje akan softwares din da Wikipedia ke amfani dasu, kuma zaka iya yin tambaya anan. [[User:The Living love|The Living love]] ([[User talk:The Living love#top|talk]]) 00:48, 27 ga Faburairu, 2019 (UTC) == Notice == Please yi copying abunda ke [[User:Ammarpad/sandbox]] zuwa [[MediaWiki:Sitenotice]]. Sanna ka canza daga 0 zuwa 1 a [[MediaWiki:Sitenotice id]]. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 15:50, 8 ga Afirilu, 2019 (UTC) :Ok, done.[[User:The Living love|The Living love]] ([[User talk:The Living love#top|talk]]) 19:38, 8 ga Afirilu, 2019 (UTC) ::Yawwa, saura wannan [[MediaWiki:Anonnotice]], ka canza shi zuwa ( - ). Amma banda bracket ɗin. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 05:25, 9 ga Afirilu, 2019 (UTC) :::Na duba amma banga inda zan canja ba?.[[User:The Living love|The Living love]] ([[User talk:The Living love#top|talk]]) 09:09, 9 ga Afirilu, 2019 (UTC) ::::Zaka ma iya cire shi yanzu duka. Zan kiraka a waya daga baya. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 14:08, 23 ga Afirilu, 2019 (UTC) :::Toh shikenan! Sai naji ka.[[User:The Living love|The Living love]] ([[User talk:The Living love#top|talk]]) 05:10, 24 ga Afirilu, 2019 (UTC) ::::Please ka goge wannan site notice din: [[MediaWiki:Sitenotice]]. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 06:07, 4 Mayu 2019 (UTC) == Saƙon sannu d zuwa == Hi The Living love, idan zaka ba mutane saƙon sannu da zuwa ka dinga substituting ɗin message din domin ya zuba duka rubutun kuma yayi ma signing da sunanka. Ka dinga rubuta <nowiki>{{subst:sannu da zuwa}}</nowiki> a madadin <nowiki>{{sannu da zuwa}}</nowiki>. Nagode. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 06:56, 15 Mayu 2019 (UTC) :Ok toh, Nagode.[[User:The Living love|The Living love]] ([[User talk:The Living love#top|talk]]) 13:11, 15 Mayu 2019 (UTC) == Traductions == Salut, Peux-tu traduire le modèle [[Template:Infobox biography]] en hausa ? *Voici les pages qu'il faut modifier (Il suffit de modifier les valeurs qui se trouvent à droite): **[[Template:Infobox biography/localize]]. **[[Template:Infobox biography/sport/basketball/localize]]. **[[Template:Infobox biography/sport/football/localize]]. **[[Template:Infobox biography/sport/tennis/localize]]. D'avance, merci. [[User:Sami At Ferḥat|Sami At Ferḥat]] ([[User talk:Sami At Ferḥat|talk]]) 00:50, 3 ga Yuli, 2019 (UTC) :Yes [[User:Sami At Ferḥat|Sami At Ferḥat]], I will do that. Merci.[[User:The Living love|The Living love]] ([[User talk:The Living love#top|talk]]) 04:05, 3 ga Yuli, 2019 (UTC) :: Thanks! When I'll create an Infobox for species I'll come back to you once again :p Btw sorry to have spoken to you in french: I've mistaken you for another user. [[User:Sami At Ferḥat|Sami At Ferḥat]] ([[User talk:Sami At Ferḥat|talk]]) 21:01, 3 ga Yuli, 2019 (UTC) :::You're welcome, thank you so much for the improvement of this project, no problem about the language. [[User:The Living love|The Living love]] ([[User talk:The Living love#top|talk]]) 21:46, 3 ga Yuli, 2019 (UTC) :::: Thanks TLV, now here's the Infobox that needs localization: [[Template:Automatic taxobox/localize]], I did not provide all the necessary items (I'll finish that another day), but it's much more better looking than the generic Databox for species. [[User:Sami At Ferḥat|Sami At Ferḥat]] ([[User talk:Sami At Ferḥat|talk]]) 23:55, 3 ga Yuli, 2019 (UTC) :that's great Sami, it means, it will be even easier to edit than the generic databox as well. Thank you.[[User:The Living love|The Living love]] ([[User talk:The Living love#top|talk]]) 06:03, 4 ga Yuli, 2019 (UTC) Hello Living Love, I've redirected the generic databox used by language related articles to the language infobox, it just needs to be localized at [[Template:Infobox language/localize]] (right-hand side values). [[User:Sami At Ferḥat|Sami At Ferḥat]] ([[User talk:Sami At Ferḥat|talk]]) 22:43, 26 ga Augusta, 2019 (UTC) :OK Thanks, I will localize it. [[User:The Living love|The Living love]] ([[User talk:The Living love#top|talk]]) 08:48, 27 ga Augusta, 2019 (UTC) Hello Living Love, I have a new localization request for you [[Template:Infobox physical geography/localize|here]]. Also, the following css tag needs to be copy-pasted to [[MediaWiki:Vector.css]]: <pre>#coordinates { position: absolute; top: 0em; right: 0em; float: right; margin: 0em; padding: 0em; line-height: 1.5em; text-align: right; text-indent: 0; font-size: 85%; text-transform: none; white-space: nowrap; }</pre> [[User:Sami At Ferḥat|Sami At Ferḥat]] ([[User talk:Sami At Ferḥat|talk]]) 21:59, 5 Satumba 2019 (UTC) Hello Mustapha, I have a new localization request for you [[Template:Infobox physical geography/localize|here]]. Thanks. [[User:Sami At Ferḥat|Sami At Ferḥat]] ([[User talk:Sami At Ferḥat|talk]]) 16:32, 20 Oktoba 2020 (UTC) :OK [[User:Sami At Ferḥat|Sami At Ferḥat]], I will. Thank you so much. <span style="background-color: #804; color: #fa0;"><samp>Em</samp>[[User:M-Mustapha|-]]</span><span style="font-weight: normal; background-color: #804; color: #5b2;"><samp>mustapha</samp></span> <sup><samp>[[user talk:M-Mustapha|t@lk]]</samp></sup> 17:18, 20 Oktoba 2020 (UTC) == Wslm == Na ga sakonka na kuma gode sosai...-------- Nagode [[User:Musaddam Idriss|Musaddam Idriss]] ([[User talk:Musaddam Idriss|talk]]) 08:10, 9 ga Augusta, 2019 (UTC) == Community Insights Survey == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> '''Share your experience in this survey''' Hi {{PAGENAME}}, The Wikimedia Foundation is asking for your feedback in a survey about your experience with {{SITENAME}} and Wikimedia. The purpose of this survey is to learn how well the Foundation is supporting your work on wiki and how we can change or improve things in the future. The opinions you share will directly affect the current and future work of the Wikimedia Foundation. Please take 15 to 25 minutes to '''[https://wikimedia.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_0pSrrkJAKVRXPpj?Target=CI2019List(meafwps,act5) give your feedback through this survey]'''. It is available in various languages. This survey is hosted by a third-party and [https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Community_Insights_2019_Survey_Privacy_Statement governed by this privacy statement] (in English). Find [[m:Community Insights/Frequent questions|more information about this project]]. [mailto:surveys@wikimedia.org Email us] if you have any questions, or if you don't want to receive future messages about taking this survey. Sincerely, </div> [[User:RMaung (WMF)|RMaung (WMF)]] 00:49, 7 Satumba 2019 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RMaung (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=CI2019List(meaf_wps,act5)&oldid=19352813 --> == Community Insights Survey == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> '''Share your experience in this survey''' Hi {{PAGENAME}}, The Wikimedia Foundation is asking for your feedback in a survey about your experience with {{SITENAME}} and Wikimedia. The purpose of this survey is to learn how well the Foundation is supporting your work on wiki and how we can change or improve things in the future. The opinions you share will directly affect the current and future work of the Wikimedia Foundation. Please take 15 to 25 minutes to '''[https://wikimedia.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_0pSrrkJAKVRXPpj?Target=CI2019List(meafwps,act5) give your feedback through this survey]'''. It is available in various languages. This survey is hosted by a third-party and [https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Community_Insights_2019_Survey_Privacy_Statement governed by this privacy statement] (in English). Find [[m:Community Insights/Frequent questions|more information about this project]]. [mailto:surveys@wikimedia.org Email us] if you have any questions, or if you don't want to receive future messages about taking this survey. Sincerely, </div> [[User:RMaung (WMF)|RMaung (WMF)]] 00:50, 7 Satumba 2019 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RMaung (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=CI2019List(meaf_wps,act5)&oldid=19352813 --> == Community Insights Survey == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> '''Share your experience in this survey''' Hi {{PAGENAME}}, The Wikimedia Foundation is asking for your feedback in a survey about your experience with {{SITENAME}} and Wikimedia. The purpose of this survey is to learn how well the Foundation is supporting your work on wiki and how we can change or improve things in the future. The opinions you share will directly affect the current and future work of the Wikimedia Foundation. Please take 15 to 25 minutes to '''[https://wikimedia.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_0pSrrkJAKVRXPpj?Target=CI2019List(meafwps,act5) give your feedback through this survey]'''. It is available in various languages. This survey is hosted by a third-party and [https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Community_Insights_2019_Survey_Privacy_Statement governed by this privacy statement] (in English). Find [[m:Community Insights/Frequent questions|more information about this project]]. [mailto:surveys@wikimedia.org Email us] if you have any questions, or if you don't want to receive future messages about taking this survey. Sincerely, </div> [[User:RMaung (WMF)|RMaung (WMF)]] 00:56, 7 Satumba 2019 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RMaung (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=CI2019List(meaf_wps,act5)&oldid=19352813 --> ==I NEED YOU== Please i need to speak with you, here is my number (+2349077351153) give a text indicating that it's you , text only please. [[User:Anasskoko|Anasskoko]] ([[User talk:Anasskoko|talk]]) 20:16, 28 Satumba 2019 (UTC) :;OK, I will text you. [[User:The Living love|The Living love]] ([[User talk:The Living love#top|talk]]) 20:40, 28 Satumba 2019 (UTC) == Invitation from WAM 2019 == [[File:WAM logo without text.svg|right|200px]] Hi WAM organizers! Hope you are all doing well! Now it's a great time to '''[[:m:Wikipedia Asian Month 2019#Communities_and_Organizers|sign up for the 2019 Wikipedia Asian Month]]''', which will take place in November this year (29 days left!). Here are some updates and improvements we will make for upcoming WAM. If you have any suggestions or thoughts, feel free to discuss on [[:m:Talk:Wikipedia Asian Month 2019|the meta talk page]]. #Please add your language project by 24th October 2019. Please indicate if you need multiple organisers by 29th October. #Please update your community members about you being the organiser of the WAM. #We want to host many onsite Edit-a-thons all over the world this year. If you would like to host one in your city, please [[:m:Wikipedia Asian Month 2019/Onsite edit-a-thon|take a look and sign up at this page]]. #Please encourage other organizers and participants to sign-up [[:m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikipedia Asian Month Organisers|in this page]] to receive updates and news on Wikipedia Asian Month. #If you no longer want to receive the WAM organizer message, you can remove your username at [[:m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikipedia Asian Month Organisers|this page]]. Reach out the WAM team here at the [[:m:Talk:Wikipedia Asian Month 2019|meta talk page]] if you have any questions. Best Wishes,<br /> [[User:Saileshpat|Sailesh Patnaik]] using [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 17:03, 2 Oktoba 2019 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Saileshpat@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Asian_Month_Organisers&oldid=19195667 --> == Wikipedia Watan Asiya 2019 == <div style="border:8px orange ridge;padding:6px;> [[File:Wikipedia Asian Month Logo.svg|right|frameless]] ::<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Muna Gaisuwa! Mungode da shirya gasar '''Wikipedia Watan Asiya na 2019''' a Wikipedia ta harshen Hausa. Dan samun tsari da yadda zaku shigar da Wikipedia ta harshen Ku, duba nan [[:m:Wikipedia Asian Month 2019/Organiser Guidelines|wannan shafi]] dake a Meta. Dan Neman taimako dangane da gasar ko yin tambayoyi, a same mu a shafi [[:m:Talk:Wikipedia Asian Month 2019|Neman buƙata]]. Mutanen mu na [[:m:Wikipedia Asian Month 2019/International Team|International Team]] na nan, zasu taimake ku a koda yaushe Luke neman taimako har a kammala gasar. Mungode da ƙoƙarin Ku na ganin wannan aiki ya samu nasara. Muna matuƙar godiya, [[:m:Wikipedia Asian Month 2019/International Team|WAM 2019 International Team]] ::::kasance da shafukan mu a [[File:B&W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/wikiasianmonth/|50x50px]]&nbsp; [[File:B&W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikiasianmonth|50x50px]] dan samun ƙarin bayanai. </div></div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 11:46, 2 Nuwamba, 2019 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/WAM&oldid=19515825 --> ==Canjin suna== Ina mai sanar da kai cewa ina bukatar ka canza ma wasu Makulolin dana kirkira suna, saboda sunan bai dace da su ba, sune kamar haka * [[Parisa]] zuwa [[Farisa]] A kullun naka [[User:Anasskoko|Anasskoko]] ([[User talk:Anasskoko|talk]]) 10:48, 3 Nuwamba, 2019 (UTC) :OK, shike nan, Barka da ƙoƙari Nagode.[[User:The Living love|The Living love]] ([[User talk:The Living love#top|talk]]) 12:34, 3 Nuwamba, 2019 (UTC) == Matsala game da User talk dina== Slm, ban san meyasa ba, idan nayi signing ta hanya amfani da tilde gu hudu user talk dina baya fitowa.Anasskoko 13:26, 12 Nuwamba, 2019 (UTC) :Yi signing anan ƙasa mugani.[[User:The Living love|The Living love]] ([[User talk:The Living love#top|talk]]) 11:44, 13 Nuwamba, 2019 (UTC) == Extension of Wikipedia Asian Month contest == In consideration of a week-long internet block in Iran, [[:m:Wikipedia Asian Month 2019|Wikipedia Asian Month 2019]] contest has been extended for a week past November. The articles submitted till 7th December 2019, 23:59 UTC will be accepted by the fountain tools of the participating wikis. Please help us translate and spread this message in your local language. [[:m:Wikipedia Asian Month 2019/International Team|Wikipedia Asian Month international team]]. --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 14:12, 27 Nuwamba, 2019 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/WAM&oldid=19592097 --> == Godiya == Nagode. Nayi rubuce-rubuce akan abubuwa da yawa wanda nake gannin ya kamata ace in hausawa sunyi search su samu a wikipedia. To matsalar itace wikipedian ma ban iya amfani daahi ba. Amman; tunda ga ka to insha Allah nasan komai zai zo min da sauki. [[User:BinUsman01|BinUsman01]] ([[User talk:BinUsman01|talk]]) 00:11, 6 December, 2019 (UTC) == What's Next (WAM)! == Congratulations! The Wikipedia Asian Month has ended successfully and you've done amazing work of organizing. What we've got and what's next? *We have a total of 10,186 articles made during this edition and it's the highest of all time. *Make sure you judge all articles before December 20th, Once you finish the judging, please update [[:m:Wikipedia Asian Month 2019/Status|this page]]. *There will be two round of address collection scheduled: December 22th and December 27th 2019. *Please report the local Wikipedia Asian Ambassador (who has most accepted articles) on [[:m:Wikipedia Asian Month 2019/Ambassadors|this page]], if the 2nd participants have more than 30 accepted articles, you will have two ambassadors. *In case you wondering how can you use the WAM tool (Fountain) in your own contest, contact the developer [[user:Ле Лой|Le Loy]] for more information. Best wishes, [[:Wikipedia Asian Month 2019/International Team|Wikipedia Asian Month International Team]] --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 17:30, 14 Disamba 2019 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/WAM&oldid=19638067 --> == WAM 2019 Postcard == Dear Participants and Organizers, Congratulations! It's WAM's honor to have you all participated in [[:m:Wikipedia Asian Month 2019|Wikipedia Asian Month 2019]], the fifth edition of WAM. Your achievements were fabulous, and all the articles you created make the world can know more about Asia in different languages! Here we, the WAM International team, would like to say thank you for your contribution also cheer for you that you are eligible for the postcard of Wikipedia Asian Month 2019. Please kindly fill [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdX75AmuQcIpt2BmiTSNKt5kLfMMJUePLzGcbg5ouUKQFNF5A/viewform the form], let the postcard can send to you asap! Cheers! Thank you and best regards, [[:m:Wikipedia Asian Month 2019/International Team|Wikipedia Asian Month International Team]] --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 08:16, 3 ga Janairu, 2020 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/WAM_2019_Postcard&oldid=19671656 --> == WAM 2019 Postcard == [[File:Wikipedia Asian Month Logo.svg|right|200px|Wikipedia Asian Month 2019|link=:m:Wikipedia Asian Month 2019]] Dear Participants and Organizers, Kindly remind you that we only collect the information for [[:m:Wikipedia Asian Month 2019|WAM]] postcard 31/01/2019 UTC 23:59. If you haven't filled [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdX75AmuQcIpt2BmiTSNKt5kLfMMJUePLzGcbg5ouUKQFNF5A/viewform the google form], please fill it asap. If you already completed the form, please stay tun, wait for the postcard and tracking emails. Cheers! Thank you and best regards, [[:m:Wikipedia Asian Month 2019/International Team|Wikipedia Asian Month International Team]] 2020.01 [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 20:58, 20 ga Janairu, 2020 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:-revi@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/WAM_2019_Postcard&oldid=19732202 --> == LTA creating microstub pages == Hi, could you take a look at [[Special:Contributions/194.68.44.74]] amd nuke if appropriate? The IP is a LTA called Decker and he creates micro stubs over crosswiki. [[User:Masumrezarock100|Masumrezarock100]] ([[User talk:Masumrezarock100|talk]]) 04:34, 21 ga Janairu, 2020 (UTC) :OK, I have taken a look, well the articles can be maintained although they contain same information, I will try and correct all of them. Thanks [[User:The Living love|The Living love]] ([[User talk:The Living love#top|talk]]) 06:07, 22 ga Janairu, 2020 (UTC) == Wrong Language New Pages== Hello, [[User:The Living love]] There are new spammers in Hausa wiki that copy and paste English Articles into Hausa wiki which requires Administration attention for speedy deletion, such Users are violating Wikipedia policy. A warning has to be given to them, if they did not stop, then Block them from editing Ha.wikipedia. [[User:Anasskoko|Anasskoko]] ([[User talk:Anasskoko|talk]]) 08:41, 16 ga Faburairu, 2020 (UTC) :Barka da kokari [[User:Anasskoko|Anasskoko]], Tabbas na lura da duk ayyukan shi, sai dai kawai na zaci yana fassara ne manually, saboda akwai shafukan daya fara kirkira naga dukkanin su mafi yawan zancen an fassara su. amma duka abunda yasa wadanda ba Hausa bane zan goge su. tunda ka tunatar dashi bari mu gani ko zai cigaba da sanyawa sannan a dauki mataki tukun.[[User:The Living love|The Living love]] ([[User talk:The Living love#top|talk]]) 11:34, 16 ga Faburairu, 2020 (UTC) ::Aikin da yayi marasa fassara kwata kwata a gogesu, wanda kuma za'a iya gyarawa sai mu gyara. Sanna ayi mai kashedi mai tsauri. Ko kuma a saka shi a hanya in zai gyara. [[User:Anasskoko|Anasskoko]] ([[User talk:Anasskoko|talk]]) 11:39, 16 ga Faburairu, 2020 (UTC) :::wannan abu ne mai kyau, nima kaina baso nake Inga ana zance da turanci a nan ba, saboda a nan Hausa tsantsa muke son gani Kuma muji, bawai wani harshe na daban ba, wanda bazai yi ba, ina ganin to bazai iya taimako a wannan Wikipedian ba. Nagode.[[User:The Living love|The Living love]] ([[User talk:The Living love#top|talk]]) 11:47, 16 ga Faburairu, 2020 (UTC) ==Wiki loves love Affliation organisers== Ya kamata kayi Including din Usergroup din mu a cikin organisers na Wiki Loves love(Folklore) https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Wiki_Loves_Love_2019/Organize_Local_Events Saboda Usergroup din mu ya kamata a ce suna participating a project daban daban, musamman ma kasancewar mu saban Usergroup domin samun experience da nagartan aikin. Sannan hakan zai jawo ma Hausa wiki karbuwa a bangarori daban dan. Nagode. [[User:Anasskoko|Anasskoko]] ([[User talk:Anasskoko|talk]]) 11:56, 16 ga Faburairu, 2020 (UTC) == WAM 2019 Postcard: All postcards are postponed due to the postal system shut down == [[File:Wikipedia Asian Month Logo.svg|right|200px|Wikipedia Asian Month 2019|link=:m:Wikipedia Asian Month 2019]] Dear all participants and organizers, Since the outbreak of COVID-19, all the postcards are postponed due to the shut down of the postal system all over the world. Hope all the postcards can arrive as soon as the postal system return and please take good care. Best regards, [[:m:Wikipedia Asian Month 2019/International Team|Wikipedia Asian Month International Team]] 2020.03 <!-- Message sent by User:Aldnonymous@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/WAM_2019_Postcard&oldid=19882731 --> == Mene ne "sayinin da tilde?" == Ina son samun karin bayani dangane da bayanin da aka yi na "sayinin da tilde guda hudu" ([[User:Hafiz Koza Adamu|Hafiz Koza Adamu]] ([[User talk:Hafiz Koza Adamu|talk]]) 06:49, 21 ga Afirilu, 2020 (UTC)). Me hakan ke nufi kuma ya zan aiwatar da shi a rubuce-rubucena da ke zuwa? Na gode. Sunana Hafiz Adamu Koza. :Naji dadin wannan tambayar [[User:Hafiz Koza Adamu|Hafiz Koza Adamu]], shi sa hannu da rubuta '''tilde''' guda hudu shine bayan ka gama rubutu ko tattaunawa da wani a shafin wikipedia, akan ka tafi kawai batare da ka rubuta sunan ka ba, wanda hakan zai sa wanda ka tattauna dashi bazai san waye ya masa magana ba, shine aka takaita ta hanyar code, sai kawai ka sanya '''<NOWIKI>~~~~</NOWIKI>''' (wato tilde) guda hudu, komfutan zai sanya sunan ka da kwanan wata da lokacin da kayi rubutun batare da bata lokaci ba. Da fatan ka fahimata.<span style="background-color: #804; color: #fa0;"><samp>Em</samp>[[User:M-Mustapha|-]]</span><span style="font-weight: normal; background-color: #804; color: #5b2;"><samp>mustapha</samp></span> <sup><samp>[[user talk:M-Mustapha|t@lk]]</samp></sup> 08:17, 21 ga Afirilu, 2020 (UTC) == Invitation to participate in the upcoming WPWP Campaign == Hello Wikipedians, This is to invite you to join the [[:m:Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos|WPWP Campaign]] to help improve Wikipedia articles with photos and win prizes. The campaign will run from 1st July 2020 to 31st August 2020. The campaign primarily aims at using images from Wikimedia Commons on Wikipedia articles that are lacking images. Participants will choose among Wikipedia pages without photo images, then add a suitable file from among the many thousands of photos in the Wikimedia Commons, especially those uploaded from thematic contests (Wiki Loves Africa, Wiki Loves Earth, Wiki Loves Folklore, etc.) over the years. Please visit the '''[[:m:Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos|campaign page]]''' to learn more about the WPWP Campaign. With kind regards, Thank you, Deborah Schwartz Jacobs, Communities Liaison, On behalf of the Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos Organizing Team - 21:32, 18 ga Yuni, 2020 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Hasley@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia_Pages_Wanting_Photos/Distribution_list&oldid=20190228 --> == Digital Postcards and Certifications == [[File:Wikipedia_Asian_Month_Logo.svg|link=M:Wikipedia_Asian_Month_2019|right|217x217px|Wikipedia Asian Month 2019]] Dear Participants and Organizers, Because of the COVID19 pandemic, there are a lot of countries’ international postal systems not reopened yet. We would like to send all the participants digital postcards and digital certifications for organizers to your email account in the upcoming weeks. For the paper ones, we will track the latest status of the international postal systems of all the countries and hope the postcards and certifications can be delivered to your mailboxes as soon as possible. Take good care and wish you all the best. <small>This message was sent by [[:m:Wikipedia Asian Month 2019/International Team|Wikipedia Asian Month International Team]] via [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 18:58, 20 ga Yuni, 2020 (UTC)</small> <!-- Message sent by User:Martin Urbanec@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/WAM_2019_Postcard&oldid=20024482 --> == Hello == Please ka kira number ta, na kira ka ban samunka. Na yima email kuma. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 10:33, 27 ga Yuni, 2020 (UTC) == Inada bukatan taimakon ka == Assalamu alaikum,[[User:M-Mustapha]] sannunka, kuma barka da aiki, ina mai sanar da kai cewa ina son zan saka sunanka a cikin wadanda zasu taimaka wajen ganin cewa an tallata shafin Hausa Wikipedia a sassan yanar gizo, a karkashen gidauniyar furojet din da zan amsa a meta, [[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Hausa_Wikipedia_online_awareness.#Impact]] ina fatan zaka nuna amincewar ka ta hanyan maramin baya a lokacin da zan yi submitting din draft din dan dubawa.---- [[User:Anasskoko|<b style="color:#00BFFF">An@ss_koko</b>]][[User talk:Anasskoko|<sup style="color:#7F007F">(magana)</sup>]][[Special:Contributions/Anasskoko|<sup style="color:#7F007F">(aiki)</sup>]] 11:43, 30 ga Yuni, 2020 (UTC) == Ni == Asslamu a laikun munjidadin wannan umarni da aka bamu amma muna bukatar karin wayar da kai dangane da tsara rubutu koda lokacin yin gyara nagode ([[User:Mudansir mande|Mudansir mande]] ([[User talk:Mudansir mande|talk]]) 16:04, 13 ga Yuli, 2020 (UTC)). == Gyaran Page din DRAFT — EN.Wiki == <p> Em-Em! Nayi gyara na sake Re-Submitting draft page din “Zayn Africa” a English Wikipedia. Ina so ka taimakeni kayi reviewing: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Draft:Zayn_Africa Nagode. [[User:Themajidi|Themajidi]] ([[User talk:Themajidi|talk]]) 15:50, 22 ga Yuli, 2020 (UTC)</p> == Magana kan Jam'iyar Sen.Mohammed Ali Ndume. == Kamar yanda aka sa Sanata Mohammed Ali Ndume a jam'iyar PDP, gaskiya dan jam'iyar APC ne yanzu haka kamar yadda aka wallafa a shafinshi na Wikipedia na turanci. Yakama ta a canzashi. [[User:Sadeeqzaria|Sadeeqzaria]] ([[User talk:Sadeeqzaria|talk]]) 18:28, 23 ga Yuli, 2020 (UTC) :Toh madalla [[User:Sadeeqzaria|Sadeeqzaria]], Ai amatsayin ka na mai taimakawa a Wikipedia, kaima kana iya gyarawa da kanka, sai dai na duba shafin ba amma ba kuskure bane, cewa akayi ya zama sanata a karkashin jam'iyar PDP, wanda hakane bayani fitarsa daga ANPP PDP yakoma sannan bayani yaci zabe yakoma APC. Amma idan kana buƙatan yadda zaka yi gyara a Wikipedia, zaka iya tuntuba na. <span style="background-color: #804; color: #fa0;"><samp>Em</samp>[[User:M-Mustapha|-]]</span><span style="font-weight: normal; background-color: #804; color: #5b2;"><samp>mustapha</samp></span> <sup><samp>[[user talk:M-Mustapha|t@lk]]</samp></sup> 21:01, 23 ga Yuli, 2020 (UTC) == Wikidata weekly summary #432 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' **Upcoming: Next Linked Data for Libraries LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group call: Rob Fernandez (Wikimedia District of Columbia) on Listeria, a tool that uses SPARQL queries to define a list, and provides a bot that will update a wiki page containing that list if the results of that SPARQL query change, all based on Wikidata, 08 September. [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1GeKcUNdoWKwKz0T-bxR6GG6EM8FLzEHuvv9aOIYLZZ8/edit?usp=sharing Agenda] ** Upcoming: [https://www.twitch.tv/belett live SPARQL queries] on Twitch and in French by Vigneron, September 8 at 18:00 CEST ** Upcoming video: Wikipedia Weekly Network - LIVE Wikidata editing #19 [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2757430611208765/ Facebook], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0qI8aF77r7A YouTube], September 10 ** Upcoming: [[d:Wikidata:Events/Swedish_online_editathon#Meetup_#29|Online Wikidata editathon in Swedish #29]], September 13 * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** [https://professional.wiki/en/news/semantic-wikibase-released Semantic Wikibase has been released] by [https://professional.wiki/ Professional.Wiki] ([https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ovZl_ZoGkc0 Demo video]) ** Video: Wikipedia Weekly Network - LIVE Wikidata editing #18, workflows for SPARQL queries and QuickStatements [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2751141135171046/ Facebook], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-NgCzu2lX9w YouTube] ** [https://openrefine.org/download.html OpenRefine 3.4] was released ** [https://addshore.com/2020/09/wikidata-dams/ How can I get data on all the dams in the world? Use Wikidata]. By [[:d:User:Addshore|Addshore]] ** Wikidata Training Workshop 2, by Canadian Arts Presenting Association - YouTube *** Contributing to Wikidata - (Parts [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kBLGtfB5PZQ 1], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fTFXPMX-JPI 2], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kroUL7DJOPs 3] & [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mdndwyFgLPY 4]) *** Contributing to Wikidata (in French) - (Parts [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R3bb_5hQIqI 1], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cszeXU2pEXU&t=189s 2], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HGoUDc-VeCI 3] & [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tYjAUJCgUCA 4]) ** Video: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ql7gC91eWss How to use QuickStatements - a tool to bulk upload data onto Wikidata]. By Dr Sara Thomas * '''Tool of the week''' ** <code>[https://wmdeanalytics.wmflabs.org/WD_percentUsageDashboard/ wmdeanalytics.wmflabs.org/WD_percentUsageDashboard]</code> is a dashboard that measures Wikidata's usage and coverage on Wikimedia Foundation projects. * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** [[d:Wikidata:Entity Explosion|Entity Explosion]], the browser add-on [https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/entity-explosion/bbcffeclligkmfiocanodamdjclgejcn for Chrome] is now also [https://addons.mozilla.org/en-GB/firefox/addon/entity-explosion/ available for Firefox]. When the user visits a web page, it displays data from Wikidata, about the subject of that page. * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: none *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P8573|LSG local body code]], [[:d:Property:P8574|NYARC Discovery ID]], [[:d:Property:P8575|Encyclopaedia of Architects, Vienna 1770–1945 ID]], [[:d:Property:P8576|Hrvatska tehnička enciklopedija ID]], [[:d:Property:P8577|ICP artist ID]], [[:d:Property:P8578|TracesOfWar person ID]], [[:d:Property:P8579|Firefox add-on ID]], [[:d:Property:P8580|NHK Archives Portal person ID]], [[:d:Property:P8581|Hrvatski biografski leksikon ID]], [[:d:Property:P8582|InciWeb ID]], [[:d:Property:P8583|YUAG ID]], [[:d:Property:P8584|Wikipedia Library partner ID]], [[:d:Property:P8585|FIPRESCI person ID]], [[:d:Property:P8586|Anais do Museu Paulista article ID]], [[:d:Property:P8587|Legacies of British Slave-ownership place ID]], [[:d:Property:P8588|Wisconsin Historical Society NRHP ID]], [[:d:Property:P8589|Carl-Maria-von-Weber-Gesamtausgabe ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/applies to form or aspect|applies to form or aspect]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/blocked on the territory of|blocked on the territory of]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Liturgical category|Liturgical category]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Flickr image URL|Flickr image URL]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/turning radius|turning radius]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/number of reboots|number of reboots]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/financials URL|financials URL]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SI base units|SI base units]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/rank insignia2|rank insignia2]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Syro-Malabar Church Parish ID|Syro-Malabar Church Parish ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Database of Umgebinde houses in Bohemian Switzerland ID|Database of Umgebinde houses in Bohemian Switzerland ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Re-Member ID|Re-Member ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/DIL ID|DIL ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Naver Vibe Artist ID|Naver Vibe Artist ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/American Battlefield Trust battlefield ID|American Battlefield Trust battlefield ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/American Battlefield Trust person ID|American Battlefield Trust person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/L'Officiel des spectacles ID|L'Officiel des spectacles ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/VA facility ID|VA facility ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Hikr Waypoint ID|Hikr Waypoint ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/tvmaze ID|tvmaze ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Thomas Jefferson Encyclopedia ID|Thomas Jefferson Encyclopedia ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Danish educational institution number|Danish educational institution number]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Past Fellow of the Royal Society ID|Past Fellow of the Royal Society ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/photoLondon ID|photoLondon ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/uta-net.com song ID|uta-net.com song ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Historic Montana ID|Historic Montana ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/KHRI ID|KHRI ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Seattle Art Museum ID|Seattle Art Museum ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art artwork ID|Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art artwork ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_COVID-19/Queries#Map_of_organisations%2Fcompanies_developing%2Fmanufacturing_a_vaccine_in_trials|Map of companies developing/manufacturing a COVID-19 vaccine candidate that is at least in a phase 1 clinical trial]] *** [https://sophox.org/embed.html#SELECT%20%3Fosm%20%3Famount%20%3Fiso4217%20%3FamountUSD%20WHERE%20%7B%0A%20%20hint%3AQuery%20hint%3Aoptimizer%20%22None%22%20.%0A%20%20%0A%20%20%23%20Query%20Wikidata%20for%0A%20%20SERVICE%20%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fquery.wikidata.org%2Fsparql%3E%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20Currencies%0A%20%20%20%20%3Fcurrency%20wdt%3AP31%20wd%3AQ8142%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%23%20Their%20ISO%204217%20codes%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20wdt%3AP498%20%3Fiso4217%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%23%20Their%20exchange%20rate%20statements%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20p%3AP2284%20%3FrateStatement.%0A%20%20%20%20%0A%20%20%20%20OPTIONAL%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%23%20Preferred%20statement%20about%20a%20USD%20exchange%20rate%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%3FrateStatement%20wikibase%3Arank%20wikibase%3APreferredRank%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20psv%3AP2284%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20wikibase%3AquantityAmount%20%3FpreferredConversion%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20wikibase%3AquantityUnit%20wd%3AQ4917%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5D.%0A%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%20%20OPTIONAL%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%23%20Normal%20statement%20about%20a%20USD%20exchange%20rate%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%3FrateStatement%20wikibase%3Arank%20wikibase%3ANormalRank%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20psv%3AP2284%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20wikibase%3AquantityAmount%20%3FnormalConversion%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20wikibase%3AquantityUnit%20wd%3AQ4917%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5D.%0A%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%20%20%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20Normally%20a%20triple%20would%20use%20the%20preferred%20statement%20if%20available%2C%20falling%20back%20to%20a%20normal%20statement%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20However%2C%20we%20have%20to%20do%20the%20fallback%20manually%20because%20we%20got%20the%20raw%20statements%20in%20order%20to%20filter%20by%20qualifier%0A%20%20%20%20BIND%28COALESCE%28%3FpreferredConversion%2C%20%3FnormalConversion%29%20AS%20%3Fconversion%29%0A%20%20%20%20FILTER%20BOUND%28%3Fconversion%29%0A%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%0A%20%20%23%20Query%20OpenStreetMap%20for%20prices%20of%20services%0A%20%20%3Fosm%20osmt%3Acharge%20%3Fcharge.%0A%20%20%0A%20%20%23%20Only%20flat%20fees%2C%20since%20rates%20by%20time%20are%20difficult%20to%20compare%20across%20service%20types%0A%20%20FILTER%20REGEX%28%3Fcharge%2C%20%22%5E%5B0-9%5D%2B%28%3F%3A%5C%5C.%5B0-9%5D%2B%29%3F%20%5BA-Z%5D%7B3%7D%24%22%29%0A%20%20%0A%20%20%23%20Parse%20the%20price%20and%20convert%20it%20from%20the%20local%20currency%20to%20USD%0A%20%20BIND%28xsd%3Adecimal%28STRBEFORE%28%3Fcharge%2C%20%22%20%22%29%29%20AS%20%3Famount%29%0A%20%20BIND%28STRAFTER%28%3Fcharge%2C%20%22%20%22%29%20AS%20%3Fiso4217%29%0A%20%20BIND%28%3Famount%20%2A%20%3Fconversion%20AS%20%3FamountUSD%29%0A%7D%0AORDER%20BY%20DESC%28%3FamountUSD%29%0ALIMIT%20100 A table of the 100 highest fees charged for using various kinds of facilities, normalized to United States dollars] - OSM/Wikidata query *** [https://w.wiki/bMb Youngest age of UK MPs leaving office since 1900] ([https://twitter.com/generalising/status/1302361637626806276 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/bMi Longest time UK MPs lived after leaving office since 1900] ([https://twitter.com/generalising/status/1302361637626806276 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/bSp British cabinet members with past military service] ([https://twitter.com/Tagishsimon/status/1301939025121554432 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/bAf Earliest written record of 10 largest Czech cities] ([https://twitter.com/medi_cago/status/1301424491747258368 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/b7P Churches dedicated to Czech patron St. Wenceslas (blue) and Moravian patrons St. Cyril and Methodeus (orange)] ([https://twitter.com/medi_cago/status/1301179041840599040 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/bSg German municipality names ending with -in, -ing, -heim] ([https://twitter.com/austrianmaps/status/1302707949362651136 Source]) * '''Development''' ** Added Wikidata support to Japanese Wikivoyage. [[phab:T261451]] ** Investigating the nature of our training outliers to improve the way ORES automatically scores the quality of an Item. ** Working on error that sometimes causes Wikidata UI to report 2 error messages when saving a sitelink in an item. [[phab:T260869]] ** Completed various investigations to make an informed decision on the output format of WikibaseManifest files (automated configuration detection for toolbuilders) [[phab:T261285]] ** Completed various bug fixes and wrap-up tasks to conclude the major engineering work on the [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/profile/4604/ Federated Properties] project ** More work on Item Quality Scoring and Federated Properties [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2020 09 07|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 14:44, 7 Satumba 2020 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=20427654 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #433 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''Discussions''' ** New request for comments: [[d:Wikidata:Requests for comment/Alternate disclosure policy|Alternate disclosure policy]] * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' ** Past: The [[d:Q98918134|Workshop On Open Citations And Open Scholarly Metadata 2020]] took place in Bologna and online on September 9 and included a talk [[d:Q99196756|State of WikiCite in 2020]], available on Zenodo via [[:doi:10.5281/zenodo.4019954]]. ** Upcoming: [https://www.twitch.tv/belett live SPARQL queries] on Twitch and in French by Vigneron, September 15 at 18:00 CEST ** Upcoming: [[d:Wikidata:Eighth Birthday/Organise|Wikidata birthday organizers call]], September 16th at 13:00 UTC/GMT ** Upcoming video: Wikipedia Weekly Network - LIVE Wikidata editing #20: [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2763521127266380/ Facebook], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N5HY3GoUURc YouTube], September 19 ** Upcoming: [[d:Wikidata:Events/Swedish_online_editathon#Meetup_#30|Online Wikidata editathon in Swedish #30]], September 20 * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** Video: Youtuber [[d:Q7817504|Tom Scott]] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ALy6e7GbDRQ tries to answer the question ''What Is The Best Thing?''], using Wikidata to curate a collection of "things", and an online poll for people to vote on those things. ** "Our admiration for Wikidata and for the people who work with it knows no bounds. Having a single source of well modelled, massively interlinked, well managed data that anyone can query at the press of a button is a real thing of wonder." - [https://ukparliament.github.io/ontologies/meta/weeknotes/2020/36/ says] the UK Parliament data team ** [[:d:User:Csisc|Houcemeddine Turki]], et al. (2020). [[d:Q99196713|Using logical constraints to validate information in collaborative knowledge graphs: a study of COVID-19 on Wikidata]] ([http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4008359 Zenodo Preprint]). ** Video: Wikidata basics short videos by Wikimedian in Residence at University of Edinburgh (YouTube) *** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ve6807080X0 A brief intro to Wikidata and how to set up an account] *** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3CuUgJK4L78 How to add a new item to Wikidata] *** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jUYmIomIEqg How to add an image to Wikidata] ** Video: Creating a Mix'n'Match set for Queensland Biota on Wikidata - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MVIa7dlwHkg YouTube] ** Video: Wikipedia Weekly Network - LIVE Wikidata editing #19: Cradle and colours in queries. [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2757430611208765/ Facebook], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0qI8aF77r7A YouTube] * '''Tool of the week''' **[[w:Wikipedia:Mbabel|Mbabel]] is a tool that simplifies article creation by providing pre-made sentences based on Wikidata statements. * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikimedia-l/2020-September/095529.html The consultation phase for the Wikimedia movement Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) is in progress until 6 October 2020]. The UCoC drafting committee wants to learn which parts of the draft would present challenges for you or your work. What is missing from this draft? What do you like, and what could be improved? ** [[d:User:Lea_Lacroix_(WMDE)/List_of_lists_of_languages|All the lists of languages]] used on Wikidata: feel free to improve this draft documentation page. ** The Wikidata development team is seeking to evaluate and improve the process of collecting and reacting to bug reports and feature requests. You can give feedback about your experience using [https://wolke.wikimedia.de/index.php/apps/forms/qXk3e2LM98ebLcJb this anonymous form] until September 30<sup>th</sup> or add feedback publically to [[d:Wikidata talk:Contact_the_development_team/Process_review_2020|Wikidata talk:Contact the development team/Process review 2020]]. ** [https://wikimap.toolforge.org/?project=wikidata&commons=false WikiMap], a tool by [[d:User:DB111|User:DB111]] that maps geocoded images from Commons and Wikipedia articles, now supports Wikidata items as well ([[d:Q99232292|Q99232292]]) ** Wikidata QID's are approaching 9 digits. Now is the time to fix any code or schemas that assume that Q numbers are smaller than 9 characters. * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P8592|aerial view]], [[:d:Property:P8594|ride height]], [[:d:Property:P8596|category for the exterior of the item]], [[:d:Property:P8597|axle track]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P8586|Anais do Museu Paulista article ID]], [[:d:Property:P8587|Legacies of British Slave-ownership place ID]], [[:d:Property:P8588|Wisconsin Historical Society NRHP ID]], [[:d:Property:P8589|Carl-Maria-von-Weber-Gesamtausgabe ID]], [[:d:Property:P8590|Jewish Encyclopedia ID]], [[:d:Property:P8591|Grove Music Online ID]], [[:d:Property:P8593|Hikr waypoint ID]], [[:d:Property:P8595|DIL ID]], [[:d:Property:P8598|Seattle Art Museum ID]], [[:d:Property:P8599|Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art artwork ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/expansion of|expansion of]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Oakeshott typology|Oakeshott typology]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Slack URL|Slack URL]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/TDD number|TDD number]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Hill size|Hill size]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/K point|K point]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/number of negative votes|number of negative votes]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/number of support votes|number of support votes]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Historic Montana ID|Historic Montana ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/KHRI ID|KHRI ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/KinoWiki ID|KinoWiki ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/BD Gest' series ID|BD Gest' series ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Portugal. Dicionário Histórico ID|Portugal. Dicionário Histórico ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Discord username|Discord username]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/China Treaty Database ID|China Treaty Database ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Discord channel|Discord channel]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Bollywood Hungama movie|Bollywood Hungama movie]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/NMC Heritage ID|NMC Heritage ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/identifiant d'un artiste département des arts graphiques du musée du Louvre|identifiant d'un artiste département des arts graphiques du musée du Louvre]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SPoT skater ID|SPoT skater ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Canadian Women Artists History Initiative ID|Canadian Women Artists History Initiative ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Lambiek Special pages|Lambiek Special pages]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Lambiek comic magazines|Lambiek comic magazines]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Rheinland-Pfälzische Personendatenbank ID|Rheinland-Pfälzische Personendatenbank ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Delft municipal monument ID|Delft municipal monument ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** Shortest path of descent from Charlemagne to [https://w.wiki/btq George Washington], [https://w.wiki/btn George W. Bush], [https://w.wiki/btm Barack Obama], [https://w.wiki/btp Elizabeth II] <!-- and you can add more--> *** List of most recent common ancestors (ordered by number of total degrees separated) between [https://w.wiki/bt$ George Washington and George W. Bush] (9th cousin 8 times removed), [https://w.wiki/bu2 George Washington and Barack Obama] (12th cousin 9 times removed), [https://w.wiki/bu3 George Washington and Elizabeth II] (2th consin 7 times removed), [https://w.wiki/bu4 George W. Bush and Barack Obama] (11th cousin), [https://w.wiki/bty George W. Bush and Elizabeth II] (14th cousin once removed), [https://w.wiki/bu6 Barack Obama and Elizabeth II] (19th cousin 3 times removed) *** [https://w.wiki/bzp Artists that have recorded songs in several languages, by number of different languages used] ([https://twitter.com/tmtm/status/1304422373387460609 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/bk2 Average age of companies listed on major indices] ([https://twitter.com/ADssx/status/1303975951471173632 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/biG Basque Country sister cities with world municipalities] ([https://twitter.com/theklaneh/status/1303811718343200771 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/b$X Map of companies developing/manufacturing a COVID-19 vaccine candidate that is at least in a phase 1 clinical trial] ([https://twitter.com/vrandezo/status/1305167966237908993 Source]) *** 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Map of mountains in Austria showing their heights; from red for the lowest through green to black for the highest] ([https://twitter.com/piecesofuk/status/1303969222222065664 Source]) *** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject sum of all paintings/Top World Heritage sites by number of paintings depicting them|Top World Heritage sites by number of paintings depicting them]] ([https://web.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2763191883965971/?__tn__=-R Source]) *** [https://sophox.org/embed.html#%23defaultView%3AMap%0ASELECT%20%3Fosm%20%3FwdLabel%20%3FmaxPlayers%20%3Fcoordinates%20WHERE%20%7B%0A%20%20hint%3AQuery%20hint%3Aoptimizer%20%22None%22%20.%0A%20%20%0A%20%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20SELECT%20%3Fv%20%3FwdLabel%20%3FmaxPlayers%20WHERE%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%23%20Query%20the%20OpenStreetMap%20Wiki%20for%20data%20items%20of%20tags%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%3Fosmd%20osmdt%3AP10%20osmd%3AQ723%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%23%20their%20key-value%20pairs%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20osmdt%3AP19%20%3Fkv%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%23%20their%20corresponding%20Wikidata%20concepts%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20osmdt%3AP12%20%3Fqid.%0A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%23%20Convert%20the%20Wikidata%20QID%20from%20a%20string%20into%20a%20URL%2C%20which%20is%20how%20entities%20are%20normally%20represented%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20BIND%28IRI%28CONCAT%28%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wikidata.org%2Fentity%2F%22%2C%20%3Fqid%29%29%20AS%20%3Fwd%29%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%23%20Isolate%20the%20value%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20BIND%28STRAFTER%28%3Fkv%2C%20%22%3D%22%29%20AS%20%3Fv%29%0A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%23%20Query%20Wikidata%20for%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20SERVICE%20%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fquery.wikidata.org%2Fsparql%3E%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%23%20The%20matching%20Wikidata%20item%20as%20long%20as%20it%20is%20a%20team%20sport%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3Fwd%20%28wdt%3AP31%7Cwdt%3AP279%29%2B%20wd%3AQ216048%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20wdt%3AP1873%20%3FmaxPlayers.%0A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%23%20As%20long%20as%20between%2010%20and%2020%20players%20would%20be%20on%20the%20field%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20FILTER%28%3FmaxPlayers%20%3E%3D%2010%20%26%26%20%3FmaxPlayers%20%3C%3D%2020%29%0A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%23%20Get%20the%20item%E2%80%99s%20label%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20OPTIONAL%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3Fwd%20rdfs%3Alabel%20%3FwdLabel.%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20FILTER%28LANG%28%3FwdLabel%29%20%3D%20%22en%22%29%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%0A%20%20%23%20Query%20OpenStreetMap%20for%20features%20tagged%20with%20this%20sport%0A%20%20%3Fosm%20osmt%3Asport%20%3Fv%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20osmm%3Aloc%20%3Fcoordinates.%0A%7D Map of sports pitches for team sports that require between 10 and 20 players on the field] - Wikidata/OSM query * '''Development''' ** Fixing an error that sometimes causes Wikidata UI to report 2 error messages when saving a sitelink in an Item instead of just one. ([[phabricator:T260869]]) ** Development of version one of [[phab:project/profile/4604/|Federated Properties]] has concluded! Expect an announcement with timing of the release of this feature soon. Wikibase users who want an early look at the feature are invited to reach out to participate in the pre-release testing round. ** Development of the WikibaseManifest extension has continued into its second sprint; we focused on determining a [[phab:T261285|product specification]] for the Manifest output. ** Finishing a draft documentation for a REST API to get it ready for a feedback round before implementation. ** Finished improvements to the automated scoring of the quality of Items with ORES. Still need to retrain ORES and deploy the changes before the scores are actually different though. [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2020 09 14|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 15:16, 14 Satumba 2020 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=20441558 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #434 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' ** Upcoming: [[d:Wikidata:Events/Berlin/2020-09-29|Online Wikidata Introduction Workshop (German)]] (September 29) ** Upcoming: [https://www.twitch.tv/belett live SPARQL queries] on Twitch and in French by Vigneron, September 21 at 18:00 CEST ** Upcoming: Next Linked Data for Libraries LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group call: A starting point for newer institutions to think through what is involved in coordinating a Wikidata project, including shared infrastructure, training, and documentation, 22 September. [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1WMvfeRGrZ6cAM8tsN4W56DHpZmpypP1Rb4gZKeTYUvc/edit# Agenda] ** Upcoming video: Wikipedia Weekly Network - LIVE Wikidata editing #21 WikiDojo: [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2769265926691900/ Facebook], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z2sujkCwHE0 YouTube], September 25 * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** "[https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4028482 Representing COVID-19 information in collaborative knowledge graphs: a study of Wikidata]" ** [https://blog.wikimedia.de/2020/09/16/prowd-detecting-knowledge-imbalances-on-wikidata/ ProWD: Detecting Knowledge Imbalances on Wikidata] on blog.wikimedia.de ** Video: Wikipedia Weekly Network - LIVE Wikidata editing #20 WLM: [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2763521127266380/ Facebook], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N5HY3GoUURc YouTube] ** Video: Wikidata Training Workshop 3, by Canadian Arts Presenting Association (YouTube) *** Wikidata Query Service - (Parts [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hS2poB8OezA 1], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aGAcn_wfpUU 2] & [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AmOgbMSfv4k 3]) *** Wikidata Query Service (in French) - (Parts [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HirfIZ0yIts 1], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oc4RBMLL4DM 2] & [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SBxotoY3M38 3]) * '''Tool of the week''' ** [[d:User:Abbe98/copy-qid.js|copy-qid]] is a user script by [[d:User:Abbe98|Abbe98]] that allows you to copy the Qid with one click. * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** The Wikidata development team is seeking to evaluate and improve the process of collecting and reacting to bug reports and feature requests. You can give feedback about your experience using [https://wolke.wikimedia.de/index.php/apps/forms/qXk3e2LM98ebLcJb this anonymous form] until September 30<sup>th</sup> or add feedback publically to [[d:Wikidata talk:Contact_the_development_team/Process_review_2020|Wikidata talk:Contact the development team/Process review 2020]]. ** [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikidata/2020-September/014234.html WDQS/WCQS Status update] (September 2): "We are planning to spend more time doing some [[phab:T257045|analytics on our data]]. (1) What are the most expensive queries, what are they trying to achieve and is that reasonable? (2) Do we have performant subgraphs that we could expose independently?" * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P8596|category for the exterior of the item]], [[:d:Property:P8597|axle track]], [[:d:Property:P8606|Stairway To Hell ID]], [[:d:Property:P8615|Oakeshott typology]], [[:d:Property:P8620|construction point]], [[:d:Property:P8621|turning radius]], [[:d:Property:P8622|hill size]], [[:d:Property:P8625|bibliography]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P8598|Seattle Art Museum ID]], [[:d:Property:P8599|Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art artwork ID]], [[:d:Property:P8600|TV Maze series ID]], [[:d:Property:P8601|Barcelona Public art ID]], [[:d:Property:P8602|University of Ghana Digital Collections (UGSpace) ID]], [[:d:Property:P8603|Istrapedia ID]], [[:d:Property:P8604|OnlyFans person ID]], [[:d:Property:P8605|Linked Open Data Cloud identifier]], [[:d:Property:P8607|The Cutting Room Floor ID]], [[:d:Property:P8608|Fatcat ID]], [[:d:Property:P8609|China Treaty Database ID]], [[:d:Property:P8610|e-GOV law ID]], [[:d:Property:P8611|Portugal. Dicionário Histórico ID]], [[:d:Property:P8612|past Fellow of the Royal Society ID]], [[:d:Property:P8613|Regesta Ecclesiastica Salisburgensia ID]], [[:d:Property:P8614|Slack organization ID]], [[:d:Property:P8616|Kansas Historic Resources Inventory ID]], [[:d:Property:P8617|Historic Montana ID]], [[:d:Property:P8618|ITF player ID 2020]], [[:d:Property:P8619|BD Gest' series ID]], [[:d:Property:P8623|American Battlefield Trust battlefield ID]], [[:d:Property:P8624|P8624]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/defining mutations|defining mutations]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/nombre d'essais marqués|nombre d'essais marqués]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Netflix maturity rating|Netflix maturity rating]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/held event|held event]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/number of paying subscribers|number of paying subscribers]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/has census|has census]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Rheinland-Pfälzische Personendatenbank ID|Rheinland-Pfälzische Personendatenbank ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Delft municipal monument ID|Delft municipal monument ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/identificativo Ministero dell'interno|identificativo Ministero dell'interno]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Dallas Museum of Art ID|Dallas Museum of Art ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Cincinnati Art Museum ID|Cincinnati Art Museum ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Energy Identification Code|Energy Identification Code]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Wikimedia Chat channel|Wikimedia Chat channel]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Symptom Ontology ID|Symptom Ontology ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/MnDOT Historic Bridges ID|MnDOT Historic Bridges ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/monumentsauxmorts.fr ID|monumentsauxmorts.fr ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/monumentsdememoire.fr ID|monumentsdememoire.fr ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Lower Sorbian place name ID|Lower Sorbian place name ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Région Île-de-France ID|Région Île-de-France ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Museen Dresden article ID|Museen Dresden article ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Turkey's Culture Portal ID|Turkey's Culture Portal ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/NPS place ID|NPS place ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SSYK 2012|SSYK 2012]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** [https://sophox.org/embed.html#%23defaultView%3AMap%0ASELECT%20DISTINCT%20%3Fwd%20%3FwdLabel%20%3Fosm%20%3Fname%20%3Fcoordinates%20WHERE%20%7B%0A%20%20%23%20Prevent%20optimizer%20from%20querying%20for%20everything%20tagged%20with%20wikidata%3D%2A%20before%20querying%20the%20service.%0A%20%20hint%3AQuery%20hint%3Aoptimizer%20%22None%22%20.%0A%20%20%0A%20%20%23%20Query%20Wikidata%20for%20people%20or%20their%20namesakes%20who%0A%20%20SERVICE%20%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fquery.wikidata.org%2Fsparql%3E%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20Belong%20to%20the%20Whig%20Party%20in%20the%20United%20States%0A%20%20%20%20%3Fwd%20wdt%3AP138%2A%2Fwdt%3AP102%20wd%3AQ42183.%0A%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%23%20Query%20OpenStreetMap%20for%20features%20that%20are%20named%20after%20this%20person%2C%20commemorate%20this%20person%2C%20or%20are%20their%20namesake%0A%20%20%3Fosm%20%28osmt%3Awikidata%7Cosmt%3Aname%3Aetymology%3Awikidata%7Cosmt%3Asubject%3Awikidata%29%20%3Fwd.%0A%20%20%0A%20%20%23%20Get%20coordinates%20to%20display%20on%20a%20map%0A%20%20%3Fosm%20osmm%3Aloc%20%3Fcoordinates.%0A%20%20%0A%20%20%23%20Get%20names%0A%20%20OPTIONAL%20%7B%20%3Fosm%20osmt%3Aname%20%3Fname%20%7D%0A%20%20SERVICE%20wikibase%3Alabel%20%7B%20bd%3AserviceParam%20wikibase%3Alanguage%20%22%5BAUTO_LANGUAGE%5D%2Cen%22.%20%7D%0A%7D Map of anything that memorializes or is named after a Whig Party member] - OSM/Wikidata query *** [https://w.wiki/bKf Map of every railway station presently connected directly or indirectly to St Pancras on Wikidata] *** [https://w.wiki/ctj Age of the winners of the Tour de France] ([https://twitter.com/theklaneh/status/1307681067365695491 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/cmT Location and date of death of Danish rulers] ([https://twitter.com/neogeografen/status/1307322642328936449 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/cPt Map of the places & causes of death of Roman Emperors] ([https://twitter.com/Tagishsimon/status/1306300329873506305 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/cNn Images of members of the 16th Odisha Assembly (2019-24)] ([https://twitter.com/OdiaWiki/status/1306411583409590273 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/cvJ Star signs of Japanese Prime Ministers] ([https://twitter.com/LucasWerkmeistr/status/1305835091088871429 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/czt Video game series with the longest time gap between a game and its direct sequel] ([https://twitter.com/JeanFred/status/1307992333103894528 Source]) * '''Development''' ** WQS now supports [[:mw:Wikidata Query Service/User Manual/MWAPI|mwapi]] service request for Wikibooks ([[phab:T261125]]) ** The language codes lij-mc, ja-Hira, ja-Kana, ja-Hrkt, ja-Hani, ojp, ojp-Hira and ojp-Hani" have been added for use in monolingual text property values ([[phab:T254968]], [[phab:T195816]]) ** The language codes de-1901, eo-hsistemo and eo-xsistemo, ja-hira, ja-kana and ja-hrkt have been added for Lexemes ([[phab:T262330]],[[phab:T257422]], [[phab:T250559]]) ** P1438 has been converted from string to external ID datatype ([[phab:T262198]]) ** Worked on fixing an input issue with invisible characters ([[phab:T261071]]) ** Investigating what work would be needed to get the new termbox that's available on mobile to also work on desktop ** Fixing several issues with Special:Undelete ([[phab:T261747]]) ** Fixing an error message being shown twice ([[phab:T260869]]) ** Starting the coding work on the Query Builder ** Continuing to write a draft for a REST API specification ** Finishing the remaining work needed to get the improved quality scoring for Items deployed to ORES ** Continuing work on [[phab:project/profile/4930/|WikibaseManifest]]: Determined the [[phab:T261285|essential metadata]] that will be included in the WikibaseManifest file, added some new features (mostly MediaWiki metadata) to the Manifest that were requested by the OpenRefine team ([[phab:T262805]] and [[phab:T262804]]) and set up a [https://wikibase-product-testing.wmflabs.org test system] that will soon be ready for tool builders to use for testing the integration of their tools with WikibaseManifest [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2020 09 21|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 15:00, 21 Satumba 2020 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=20462970 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #435 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' ** [https://www.slideshare.net/jneubert/linking-the-20th-century-paper-history-to-the-sum-of-all-knowledge Linking the 20th century paper history to the sum of all knowledge] ([https://www.dublincore.org/conferences/2020/abstracts/#2 Best practice presentation] at DCMI Virtual 2020) ** Upcoming: [https://www.twitch.tv/belett live SPARQL queries] on Twitch and in French by Vigneron, September 29 at 18:00 CEST ** Upcoming: [[m:WikiNeocomensia/Atelier Wikidata 2020|WikiNeocomensia: Wikidata + OpenRefine]], workshop in Neuchâtel (Switzerland) and in French, October 3 ** Upcoming: [[d:Wikidata:Events/Swedish_online_editathon#Meetup_#32|Online Wikidata editathon in Swedish #32]], October 4 * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** The International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions [IFLA] [https://www.ifla.org/node/93341 have published a series of six videos] "discussions with professionals in order to discuss projects, issues, progress of Wikidata, Wikibase and bibliographic data in the field of libraries." Currently available as [https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLV81siTMahbsjakNDIdFwbIvdyNqwRNPo a playlist on YouTube] under CC-By (Wikimedia Commons upload soon), with subtitles in English, Spanish, Portuguese, and French (Arabic and Chinese coming soon). The production was made by the [https://www.ifla.org/node/92837 IFLA Wikidata Working Group] and funded by a ''[[m:WikiCite|WikiCite]]'' grant. ** [https://thesciencemuseum.github.io/heritageconnector/post/2020/09/23/sidestepping-the-limitations-of-collections-catalogues-with-machine-learning-and-wikidata/ Sidestepping the limitations of collection catalogues with machine learning and Wikidata] ** [https://hal-udl.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02096714v1 Navigating the maze of Wikidata query logs] by Angela Bonifati, Wim Martens, Thomas Timm ** Video: Wikipedia Weekly Network - LIVE Wikidata editing #21 - WikiDojo on the Global Climate Strike: [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2769265926691900/ Facebook], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z2sujkCwHE0 YouTube] ** Video: Wikidata tutorial for lecturers (in Czech) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ykhKcznpU7Q YouTube] ** Video: Creating and enriching linked data with Wikidata - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RApW2x4KJfw YouTube] ** Video: Mix'n'Match Tutorial - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qp2wbBg6Vqs YouTube] ** Video: Introduction to Wikidata for librarians (in Portuguese) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=he_ezHMVtO8 YouTube] * '''Tool of the week''' ** [https://github.com/nishad/omeka-s-wikidata omeka-s-wikidata] is an [https://omeka.org/s/ Omeka-S] module for auto-suggesting Wikidata URIs and labels. * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** The Wikidata development team is seeking to evaluate and improve the process of collecting and reacting to bug reports and feature requests. You can give feedback about your experience using [https://wolke.wikimedia.de/index.php/apps/forms/qXk3e2LM98ebLcJb this anonymous form] '''until September 30<sup>th</sup>''' or add feedback publically to [[d:Wikidata talk:Contact_the_development_team/Process_review_2020|Wikidata talk:Contact the development team/Process review 2020]]. ** Nominate your favorite tools for the [[m:Coolest Tool Award|Coolest Tool Award 2020]] before October 14th. ** [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikidata/2020-September/014281.html Wikidata Walkabout] is a new site that lets you browse and drill down through different "classes" of data on Wikidata: [https://wikidatawalkabout.org/ wikidatawalkabout.org] ** [https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.kristbaum.como Como] is a new Android app, that uses Wikidata lexemes and senses to create a word-guessing game. It let's players create new senses and tests them on other players to finally save them in Wikidata. The app is developed as part of a BA thesis, to determine if this concept is useful to create more lexicographical data, and testers would be very welcome. * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P8620|construction point]], [[:d:Property:P8621|turning radius]], [[:d:Property:P8622|hill size]], [[:d:Property:P8625|bibliography]], [[:d:Property:P8626|opening time]], [[:d:Property:P8627|closing time]], [[:d:Property:P8628|engine displacement]], [[:d:Property:P8646|expansion of]], [[:d:Property:P8652|Netflix maturity rating]], [[:d:Property:P8659|TDD number]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P8623|American Battlefield Trust battlefield ID]], [[:d:Property:P8624|American Battlefield Trust ID (person)]], [[:d:Property:P8629|Occupational Outlook Handbook ID]], [[:d:Property:P8630|Thomas Jefferson Encyclopedia ID]], [[:d:Property:P8631|Canadian Women Artists History Initiative ID]], [[:d:Property:P8632|Book Marks ID]], [[:d:Property:P8633|Re-Member ID]], [[:d:Property:P8634|SPoT skater ID]], [[:d:Property:P8635|NDL law ID]], [[:d:Property:P8636|McClintock and Strong Biblical Cyclopedia ID]], [[:d:Property:P8637|L'Officiel des spectacles ID]], [[:d:Property:P8638|British and Irish Furniture Makers Online ID]], [[:d:Property:P8639|Cincinnati Art Museum ID]], [[:d:Property:P8640|Dallas Museum of Art ID]], [[:d:Property:P8642|FBref.com squad ID]], [[:d:Property:P8643|Dostoyevsky and His Entourage ID]], [[:d:Property:P8644|Lambiek comic magazines ID]], [[:d:Property:P8645|Energy Identification Code]], [[:d:Property:P8647|Library of Congress Children's Subject Headings ID]], [[:d:Property:P8648|Ministry of the Interior of Italy ID]], [[:d:Property:P8649|National Park Service place ID]], [[:d:Property:P8650|MnDOT Historic Bridges ID]], [[:d:Property:P8651|Open Civic Data Division ID]], [[:d:Property:P8653|Museen Dresden article ID]], [[:d:Property:P8654|SSYK 2012 The Swedish Standard Classification of Occupations]], [[:d:Property:P8655|LoC HABS/HAER/HALS place ID]], [[:d:Property:P8656|Symptom Ontology ID]], [[:d:Property:P8657|photoLondon ID]], [[:d:Property:P8658|Syro-Malabar Catholic Church ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Regional Council of Tuscany ID|Regional Council of Tuscany ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/level of professionalness|level of professionalness]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/defined in terms of|defined in terms of]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/form of property constraint|form of property constraint]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Attraction to|Attraction to]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/group identity|group identity]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/analog television standard|analog television standard]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ritual object|ritual object]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/number of rooms|number of rooms]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/USA Water Polo Hall of Fame ID|USA Water Polo Hall of Fame ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Encyclopaedia Beliana ID|Encyclopaedia Beliana ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Indonesian prison database ID|Indonesian prison database ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/LinkedIn group ID|LinkedIn group ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Naver movie ID|Naver movie ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CINE21 film ID|CINE21 film ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Movist film ID|Movist film ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/KOBIS-ID|KOBIS-ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Max Movie film ID|Max Movie film ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/The Boardr profile ID|The Boardr profile ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Slovník českých nakladatelství 1848-1949 person ID|Slovník českých nakladatelství 1848-1949 person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Google Play developer slug|Google Play developer slug]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Passion Patrimoine ID|Passion Patrimoine ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/FVLB work ID|FVLB work ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/BBC Sound Effects Asset ID|BBC Sound Effects Asset ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ITHL author ID|ITHL author ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Quebec Dams Directory ID|Quebec Dams Directory ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Doktori.hu ID|Doktori.hu ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** [https://sophox.org/embed.html#SELECT%20%2A%20WHERE%20%7B%0A%20%20%23%20Prevent%20optimizer%20from%20querying%20for%20everything%20tagged%20with%20wikidata%3D%2A%20before%20querying%20the%20service%0A%20%20hint%3AQuery%20hint%3Aoptimizer%20%22None%22.%0A%20%20%0A%20%20%23%20Query%20the%20MediaWiki%20API%20Query%20Service%20through%20the%20Wikidata%20Query%20Service%2C%20where%20it%20is%20enabled%0A%20%20SERVICE%20%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fquery.wikidata.org%2Fsparql%3E%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20SERVICE%20wikibase%3Amwapi%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%23%20Get%20the%20100%20most%20recent%20%3Cmapframe%3E%20or%20%3Cmaplink%3E%20additions%20to%20English%20Wikipedia%20articles%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20bd%3AserviceParam%20wikibase%3Aapi%20%22Generator%22%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20wikibase%3Aendpoint%20%22en.wikipedia.org%22%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20wikibase%3Alimit%20100%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20mwapi%3Agenerator%20%22categorymembers%22%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%23%20Inserting%20%3Cmapframe%3E%20and%20%3Cmaplink%3E%20automatically%20adds%20an%20article%20to%20this%20category%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20mwapi%3Agcmtitle%20%22Category%3APages%20using%20the%20Kartographer%20extension%22%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%23%20Articles%2C%20not%20other%20namespaces%20like%20portals%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20mwapi%3Agcmnamespace%20%220%22%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%23%20Sort%20by%20most%20recent%20addition%20to%20the%20category%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20mwapi%3Agcmsort%20%22timestamp%22%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20mwapi%3Agcmdir%20%22descending%22%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20mwapi%3Agcmprop%20%22ids%7Ctitle%7Ctimestamp%22.%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%23%20Output%20the%20title%2C%20Wikidata%20item%2C%20and%20last-edited%20timestamp%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%3Ftitle%20wikibase%3AapiOutput%20mwapi%3Atitle.%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%3Fwd%20wikibase%3AapiOutputItem%20mwapi%3Aitem.%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%3Ftimestamp%20wikibase%3AapiOutput%20mwapi%3Atimestamp.%0A%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%20%20%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20Some%20articles%20have%20no%20linked%20Wikidata%20item%20yet%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20Leaving%20this%20variable%20unbound%20would%20cause%20the%20query%20to%20search%20for%20all%20Wikidata-tagged%20features%20in%20OpenStreetMap%0A%20%20%20%20FILTER%28BOUND%28%3Fwd%29%29%0A%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%0A%20%20%23%20Query%20OpenStreetMap%20for%20features%20representing%20the%20subject%20of%20the%20article%0A%20%20%3Fosm%20osmt%3Awikidata%20%3Fwd.%0A%7D%0A%23%20Uncomment%20this%20line%20to%20sort%20the%20most%20recently%20edited%20articles%20to%20the%20top%2C%20regardless%20of%20when%20a%20map%20was%20added%20to%20the%20article%0A%23ORDER%20BY%20DESC%28%3Ftimestamp%29 Table of the 100 most recent additions of interactive OpenStreetMap maps to English Wikipedia articles] - OSM/Wikidata query *** [https://w.wiki/dHP Map of the birthplace of persons with an ELEM id on Wikidata] ([https://twitter.com/espejolento/status/1308828777917509632 Source]) * '''Development''' ** A long-standing bug has been fixed ([[phabricator:T217144|T217144]]) where Items and Lexemes <!-- in theory, also Properties, but I’m not aware of any tools that create Properties --> created via OAuth would not be added to the user’s watchlist even if the user had the <q>{{int:tog-watchcreations}}</q> setting enabled. (The <q>{{int:tog-watchdefault}}</q> setting was probably likewise ineffective, but this was not tested specifically.) Affected tools include [[d:Help:QuickStatements|QuickStatements]], [[d:Wikidata:Mix-n-Match|Mix'n'Match]], and [[d:Wikidata:Wikidata Lexeme Forms|Wikidata Lexeme Forms]]; users of these and other tools may see more pages being added to their watchlists now. (This only applies to new edits and page creations; previously created or edited pages will not be automatically added to the watchlist retroactively.) ** Working on the basic building blocks of the Query Builder towards making it possible to create the first very simple query with it ** Talking to people about comparing Wikidata's data against other databases and flagging mismatches ** Fixing an issue with Item creations via the API by blocked users leading to skipped entity IDs ([[phab:T232620]]) ** Fixed an input issue with invisible characters ([[phab:T261071]]) ** Finishing the draft of the REST API spec to get it ready for feedback ** WikibaseManifest: created a separate key for local entities and decided what we do about non-local entity sources based on tool-builder feedback ([[phab:T263527]]) and specifying the API in OpenApi format ([[phab:T262919]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2020 09 28|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 15:01, 28 Satumba 2020 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=20478244 --> == Wikipedia Asian Month 2020 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[File:Wikipedia_Asian_Month_Logo.svg|link=m:Wikipedia_Asian_Month_2020|right|217x217px|Wikipedia Asian Month 2020]] Hi WAM organizers and participants! Hope you are all doing well! Now is the time to sign up for [[:m:Wikipedia Asian Month 2020|Wikipedia Asian Month 2020]], which will take place in this November. '''For organizers:''' Here are the [[:m:Wikipedia Asian Month 2020/Organiser Guidelines|basic guidance and regulations]] for organizers. Please remember to: # use '''[https://fountain.toolforge.org/editathons/ Fountain tool]''' (you can find the [[:m:Fountain tool|usage guidance]] easily on meta page), or else you and your participants’ will not be able to receive the prize from WAM team. # Add your language projects and organizer list to the [[:m:Wikipedia Asian Month 2020#Communities and Organizers|meta page]] before '''October 29th, 2020'''. # Inform your community members WAM 2020 is coming soon!!! # If you want WAM team to share your event information on [https://www.facebook.com/wikiasianmonth/ Facebook] / [https://twitter.com/wikiasianmonth twitter], or you want to share your WAM experience/ achievements on our blog, feel free to send an email to info@asianmonth.wiki or PM us via facebook. If you want to hold a thematic event that is related to WAM, a.k.a. [[:m:Wikipedia Asian Month 2020#Subcontests|WAM sub-contest]]. The process is the same as the language one. '''For participants:''' Here are the [[:m:Wikipedia Asian Month 2020#How to Participate in Contest|event regulations]] and [[:m:Wikipedia Asian Month/QA|Q&A information]]. Just join us! Let’s edit articles and win the prizes! '''Here are some updates from WAM team:''' # Due to the [[:m:COVID-19|COVID-19]] pandemic, this year we hope all the Edit-a-thons are online not physical ones. # The international postal systems are not stable enough at the moment, WAM team have decided to send all the qualified participants/ organizers extra digital postcards/ certifications. (You will still get the paper ones!) # Our team has created a [[:m:Wikipedia Asian Month 2020/WAM2020 postcards and certification deliver progress (for tracking)|meta page]] so that everyone tracking the progress and the delivery status. If you have any suggestions or thoughts, feel free to reach out the WAM team via emailing '''info@asianmonth.wiki''' or discuss on the meta talk page. If it’s urgent, please contact the leader directly ('''jamie@asianmonth.wiki'''). Hope you all have fun in Wikipedia Asian Month 2020 Sincerely yours, [[:m:Wikipedia Asian Month 2020/International Team|Wikipedia Asian Month International Team]] 2020.10</div> <!-- Message sent by User:KOKUYO@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/WAM_2020&oldid=20505700 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #436 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''Discussions''' ** Open request for adminship: [[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Administrator/Fuzheado 2|Fuzheado]] * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' **Upcoming: Next Linked Data for Libraries LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group call: Professor Toby Hudson on Entity Explosion, a browser extension which allows you to get information about entities on the web page you’re visiting, 06 October. [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1DI8UAx1wZFSNXgLq40RBTakNdaqGs89YfFaUBAude8U/ Agenda] ** Upcoming: [[d:Wikidata:Events#Office_hours|Wikidata & Wikibase office hour]], October 27th at 17:00 CEST (15:00 GMT) ** Upcoming: plenty of events for the Wikidata birthday, check [[d:Wikidata:Eighth Birthday|the calendar]] and feel free to [[d:Wikidata:Eighth_Birthday/Organise|organise one]]! * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** [https://towardsdatascience.com/what-does-doesnt-follow-benford-s-law-7d0b3c14afa5 What does/doesn’t follow Benford’s law: An analysis of hundreds of sets of numbers from Wikidata]. ** Video: How to create and edit items on Wikidata (in Spanish) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_6K508sltGQ YouTube] ** Video: Introduction to Wikidata and wikiprojects of interest to librarians (in Spanish) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ltERICnCBY4 YouTube] * '''Tool of the week''' **[[w:User:Cobaltcigs/IllWill|IllWill.js]] is a userscript that searches Wikidata for foreign-language sitelinks, to populate [[w:Template:ill|Template:ill]] and replace plain red links on other Wikimedia projects. * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** [https://github.com/nishad/omeka-s-wikidata omeka-s-wikidata] is a new module for the open source GLAM collection management software [https://omeka.org/ Omeka], that allows cataloguers to use Wikidata as a vocabulary for persons, places, subjects, etc. * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P8659|TDD number]], [[:d:Property:P8667|twin town sign]], [[:d:Property:P8670|character designer]], [[:d:Property:P8671|Deutsche Bahn station code]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P8653|Museen Dresden article ID]], [[:d:Property:P8654|SSYK 2012 The Swedish Standard Classification of Occupations]], [[:d:Property:P8655|LoC HABS/HAER/HALS place ID]], [[:d:Property:P8656|Symptom Ontology ID]], [[:d:Property:P8657|photoLondon ID]], [[:d:Property:P8658|Syro-Malabar Catholic Church ID]], [[:d:Property:P8660|Native Plants Database ID]], [[:d:Property:P8661|Lower Sorbian place name ID]], [[:d:Property:P8662|Les roses cultivées à l'Haÿ en 1902 ID]], [[:d:Property:P8663|Maniadb album ID]], [[:d:Property:P8664|USA Water Polo Hall of Fame ID]], [[:d:Property:P8665|Présence Compositrices work ID]], [[:d:Property:P8666|Regional Council of Tuscany ID]], [[:d:Property:P8668|Indonesian prison database ID]], [[:d:Property:P8669|Encyclopaedia Beliana ID]], [[:d:Property:P8672|Twitter topics ID]], [[:d:Property:P8673|Naver movie ID]], [[:d:Property:P8674|Bollywood Hungama movie ID]], [[:d:Property:P8675|BoardGameGeek family ID]], [[:d:Property:P8676|London Stock Exchange company ID]], [[:d:Property:P8677|Région Île-de-France ID]], [[:d:Property:P8678|Slovník českých nakladatelství 1848-1949 person ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Infobox based on|Infobox based on]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CompositionToday composers showcase ID|CompositionToday composers showcase ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/parallel street|parallel street]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/World Factbook country code|World Factbook country code]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/port calls|port calls]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/described at Wikipedia page|described at Wikipedia page]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/erected by|erected by]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/PIM award ID|PIM award ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Stadtwiki Dresden article|Stadtwiki Dresden article]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Quebec Dams Directory ID|Quebec Dams Directory ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Doktori.hu ID|Doktori.hu ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CompositionToday composer ID|CompositionToday composer ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Slovník českých nakladatelství 1848-1949 publishing house ID|Slovník českých nakladatelství 1848-1949 publishing house ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ACER code|ACER code]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Dictionnaire biographique du fouriérisme ID|Dictionnaire biographique du fouriérisme ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/NSW State Archives and Records Authority ID|NSW State Archives and Records Authority ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SwissLipids identifier|SwissLipids identifier]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Scottish Brick History Brick & Tileworks ID|Scottish Brick History Brick & Tileworks ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Minecraft UUID|Minecraft UUID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Minecraft username|Minecraft username]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Science Museum Group ID|Science Museum Group ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Kicker.de player ID (actual scheme)|Kicker.de player ID (actual scheme)]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/RNACentral ID|RNACentral ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/NPS people ID|NPS people ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Directory of Belgian Photographers-ID|Directory of Belgian Photographers-ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Dresden Street ID|Dresden Street ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Spotify playlist ID|Spotify playlist ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** [https://w.wiki/eLm Birthplace of people named Michael or any other variant of the name] ([https://twitter.com/euwikipedia/status/1310952574967836674 Source]) *** [https://sophox.org/embed.html#%23defaultView%3AMap%0ASELECT%20DISTINCT%20%3Fosm%20%3FmakeLabel%20%3FmodelLabel%20%3Flayer%20%3Fcoordinates%20WHERE%20%7B%0A%20%20%23%20Prevent%20optimizer%20from%20querying%20for%20everything%20tagged%20with%20wikidata%3D%2A%20before%20querying%20the%20service.%0A%20%20hint%3AQuery%20hint%3Aoptimizer%20%22None%22%20.%0A%20%20%0A%20%20%23%20Query%20OpenStreetMap%20for%20outdoor%20warning%20sirens%0A%20%20%3Fosm%20osmt%3Aemergency%20%22siren%22.%0A%20%20%0A%20%20OPTIONAL%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20Get%20the%20make%20and%2For%20model%0A%20%20%20%20%3Fosm%20%28osmt%3Amanufacturer%3Awikidata%7Cosmt%3Asiren%3Amodel%3Awikidata%29%20%3FmakeModel.%0A%20%20%20%20%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20Query%20Wikidata%20for%20the%20make%2Fmodel%0A%20%20%20%20SERVICE%20%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fquery.wikidata.org%2Fsparql%3E%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%23%20If%20it%E2%80%99s%20a%20model%2C%20get%20the%20make%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3FmakeModel%20wdt%3AP31%20wd%3AQ76920834%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20wdt%3AP176%20%3Fmake.%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20BIND%28%3FmakeModel%20AS%20%3Fmodel%29%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%23%20Get%20the%20model%20name%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20OPTIONAL%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3Fmodel%20rdfs%3Alabel%20%3FmodelLabel.%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20FILTER%28LANG%28%3FmodelLabel%29%20%3D%20%22en%22%29%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%7D%20UNION%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%23%20A%20make%20must%20be%20a%20business%20to%20distinguish%20it%20from%20a%20model%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3FmakeModel%20wdt%3AP31%2Fwdt%3AP279%2A%20wd%3AQ4830453.%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20BIND%28%3FmakeModel%20AS%20%3Fmake%29%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%23%20Get%20the%20manufacturer%E2%80%99s%20name%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20OPTIONAL%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3Fmake%20rdfs%3Alabel%20%3FmakeLabel.%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20FILTER%28LANG%28%3FmakeLabel%29%20%3D%20%22en%22%29%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%7D%0A%20%20BIND%28COALESCE%28%3FmakeLabel%2C%20%22Unknown%22%29%20AS%20%3Flayer%29%0A%20%20%0A%20%20%23%20Get%20coordinates%20to%20display%20on%20a%20map%0A%20%20%3Fosm%20osmm%3Aloc%20%3Fcoordinates.%0A%7D%0AORDER%20BY%20ASC%28%3FmakeLabel%29 Map of outdoor warning sirens, color-coded by manufacturer. A layer selector lets you toggle individual manufacturers on and off. Clicking a siren shows its make and model if available.] - OSM/Wikidata query *** [https://w.wiki/f8y Soviet cartoons in descending order of popularity in the world] ([https://twitter.com/infovarius/status/1312897007917379585 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/fEd List of ISO countries showing each country's synonyms, labels, etc.] ([https://twitter.com/petermurrayrust/status/1312775048466497539 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/ewh Norwegian politicians who have been members of at least 3 parties] ([https://twitter.com/Hros/status/1312368797660180481 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/ef2 Streets in Leiden named after people/things] ([https://twitter.com/mmmenno/status/1311678084685475843 Source]) *** Maps of arts and humanities research grants funded by Arts and Humanities Research Council in UK between 2013-2019. [https://w.wiki/edS Sorted by year], [https://w.wiki/edW Sorted by budget] ([https://twitter.com/alastairdunning/status/1311627681721708544 Source]) ** Newest database reports: *** [[d:Wikidata:Database reports/EntitySchema directory|EntitySchema directory]] - feedback welcome on the report talk page. * '''Development''' ** First pieces of the Query Builder are coming together and we are working towards making it generate the first dumb query ** Talking to people about their thoughts on checking Wikidata's data against other databases. If you're interested reach out to Mohammed. ** Got some first internal feedback for the REST API specification draft. We'll publish it for feedback in the next days. ** Fixing an issue with certain language codes no longer being available ([[phab:T264294]]) ** Working on making sure blocked bots don't waste Item IDs when trying to create new Items ([[phab:T232620]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2020 10 05|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 16:06, 5 Oktoba 2020 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=20497862 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #437 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''Discussions''' ** Open request for adminship: [[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Administrator/MsynABot|MsynABot]] ** Closed request for adminship: [[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Administrator/Fuzheado 2|Fuzheado]] (successful) * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' ** Upcoming: [https://www.twitch.tv/belett live SPARQL queries] on Twitch and in French by Vigneron, October 13 at 18:00 CEST ** Upcoming: [[d:Wikidata:Eighth_Birthday/Organise#Connect_with_other_organizers|Wikidata birthday organizers call]], October 14 at 12:00 GMT ** Upcoming: [[d:Wikidata:Events/Swedish_online_editathon#Meetup_#34|Online Wikidata editathon in Swedish #34]], October 18 ** [https://etherpad.wikimedia.org/p/Search_Platform_Office_Hours Search Platform Office Hours happens first Wednesday of each month]. Come with questions related to Wikimedia search, Wikidata Query Service, Wikimedia Commons Query Service, etc. * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2020/10/06/wikidata-reaches-q100000000/ Wikidata reaches Q100000000], by Lydia Pintscher and Denny Vrandečić ** A new extension can add [https://professional.wiki/en/news/wikibase-local-media support for linking to local media files in Statements] (and not just files on Wikimedia Commons) to a Wikibase instance ([https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mK-zdazdH78 Demo video], developed by [https://professional.wiki/ Professional.Wiki]) ** LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group presentation: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o2AqQkw7nug How Entity Explosion fits into the Wikidata ecosystem], by [[User:99of9|Toby Hudson]] ** Video: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TwudGFtT4A4 Wikidata and COVID-19: Creating a collaborative knowledge graph from CORD-19], by [[User:Csisc|Csisc]] * '''Tool of the week''' ** [https://od2wd.id/ OD2WD] automatically converts CSV files from Open Data portals into QuickStatements for Wikidata republishing. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9SvvLt7pYic Demo video] * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** [https://www.wikidata.org/w/index.php?title=Wikidata:Project_chat&oldid=1288309977#Remove_noratelimit_for_bots noratelimit for bots to be removed on October 20th] ** The new [[m:Wikibase/Consultants and Support Providers|Wikibase/Consultants and Support Providers']] directory on Meta lists people/companies that provide professional help with Wikibase -- be it technical support (installation and setup), custom development, or data modeling services. ** The [[m:Coolest_Tool_Award#Coolest_Tool_Award_2020|2020 Coolest Tool Award]] is still accepting nominations until October 14th. Please use [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSf5ZmXXamn9sRsagEiiZcUZDn1Ga0sF3XmdPf0OjZWtILZvdQ/viewform this form] to recommend tools. You can nominate as many tools as you want by filling out the form multiple times. * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P8682|number of negative votes]], [[:d:Property:P8683|number of support votes]], [[:d:Property:P8684|x-offset]], [[:d:Property:P8685|y-offset]], [[:d:Property:P8687|social media followers]], [[:d:Property:P8693|fandom]], [[:d:Property:P8701|has census]], [[:d:Property:P8702|parallel street]], [[:d:Property:P8703|entry in abbreviations table]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P8679|Dictionary of Occupational Titles Code (fourth edition, revised)]], [[:d:Property:P8680|FVLB work ID]], [[:d:Property:P8681|Passion Patrimoine ID]], [[:d:Property:P8686|Biographical dictionary of Fourierism ID]], [[:d:Property:P8688|CompositionToday composer ID]], [[:d:Property:P8689|ITHL author ID]], [[:d:Property:P8690|Quebec Dams Directory ID]], [[:d:Property:P8691|SwissLipids identifier]], [[:d:Property:P8692|ACER code]], [[:d:Property:P8694|Science Museum Group ID]], [[:d:Property:P8695|Slovník českých nakladatelství 1848-1949 publishing house ID]], [[:d:Property:P8696|Directory of Belgian Photographers ID]], [[:d:Property:P8697|RNACentral ID]], [[:d:Property:P8698|Turkey's Culture Portal ID]], [[:d:Property:P8699|NSW State Archives and Records Authority ID]], [[:d:Property:P8700|Scottish Brick History Brick & Tileworks ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ship's captain|ship's captain]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/planetary coordinates|planetary coordinates]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Date of signature|Date of signature]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Unicode name|Unicode name]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CPV Supplementary|CPV Supplementary]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/PeoplePill person ID|PeoplePill person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/O*NET OnLine code|O*NET OnLine code]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Emojipedia ID|Emojipedia ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/GADM ID|GADM ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CTAN package ID|CTAN package ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/MinDat taxon ID|MinDat taxon ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/AniList anime ID|AniList anime ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/AniList manga and light novel ID|AniList manga and light novel ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Normattiva ID|Normattiva ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ILO Thesaurus ID|ILO Thesaurus ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** [https://sophox.org/embed.html#%23defaultView%3AMap%0ASELECT%20%3Ftree%20%3Ftaxon%20%3FtaxonLabel%20%3Flayer%20%3Fcoordinates%20WHERE%20%7B%0A%20%20%23%20Query%20OpenStreetMap%20for%20trees%20and%20their%20taxa%0A%20%20%3Ftree%20osmt%3Anatural%20%22tree%22%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%28osmt%3Agenus%3Awikidata%7Cosmt%3Aspecies%3Awikidata%7Cosmt%3Ataxon%3Awikidata%29%20%3Ftaxon%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20osmm%3Aloc%20%3Fcoordinates.%0A%20%20%0A%20%20%23%20Query%20Wikidata%20for%0A%20%20SERVICE%20%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fquery.wikidata.org%2Fsparql%3E%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20Taxa%20categorized%20as%20threatened%20on%20the%20IUCN%20Red%20List%0A%20%20%20%20VALUES%20%28%3Fstatus%20%3Flayer%29%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%28wd%3AQ278113%20%22Vulnerable%20%28VU%29%22%29%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%28wd%3AQ11394%20%22Endangered%20%28EN%29%22%29%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%28wd%3AQ219127%20%22Critically%20endangered%20%28CR%29%22%29%0A%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%20%20%3Ftaxon%20wdt%3AP141%20%3Fstatus.%0A%20%20%20%20%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20Get%20the%20English%20common%20name%0A%20%20%20%20OPTIONAL%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%3Ftaxon%20wdt%3AP1843%20%3FtaxonLabel.%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20FILTER%28LANG%28%3FtaxonLabel%29%20%3D%20%22en%22%29%0A%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%7D%0A%7D Map of trees whose species is categorized as threatened on the IUCN Red List] - OSM/Wikidata query *** [https://w.wiki/g24 Women actress less than 70 years old who are descendants of the first king of Navarre, ordered by number of sitelinks] *** [https://w.wiki/foF Dead Social Democratic Party members who have been ministers in 1992 or later] ([https://twitter.com/fnielsen/status/1314202747403608071 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/fTf Artworks with an image in Wikidata by year of creation] ([https://twitter.com/theklaneh/status/1313595862476619779 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/fST Map of mountains in Switzerland] ([https://twitter.com/betatim/status/1313566097887633408 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/gR6 Map of markets in the city of Surabaya] ([https://twitter.com/wikimediaid/status/1313436872899620864 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/gMz National Anthems by tonality] ([https://twitter.com/belett/status/1315281980066496513 Source]) * '''Development''' ** The [[d:Wikidata:Requests for comment/General semi protection for all property pages|RFC to semi-protect all property pages]] has been implemented, all properties now require the “autoconfirmed” right to edit ([[phabricator:T254280|T254280]]) ** Working on enabling JSON dumps for Lexemes ([[phab:T220883]]) ** Finishing preventing blocked users from making us skip QIDs ([[phab:T232620]]) ** Continuing work on the Wikibase Manifest extension that allows toolbuilders to easily access configurations of a specific Wikibase instance so it is easier for them to make their tools work with not just Wikidata but also other Wikibase instances ** Started analyzing what we consider a mismatch for our work around checking Wikidata's data against other databases ** Continued work on the Query Builder to get it to create the first very simple query. It can do that now but not yet visualize the result. [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2020 10 12|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 15:28, 12 Oktoba 2020 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=20527933 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #438 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''Discussions''' ** Other: Proposal to spin-off non-Earth coordinates from property P625 (coordinates location), currently only 7000 of 8 million values: see [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/planetary coordinates|Property proposal/planetary coordinates]] * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' ** Upcoming: [https://www.twitch.tv/belett live SPARQL queries] on Twitch and in French by Vigneron, October 20 at 18:00 CEST ** Upcoming: Next Linked Data for Libraries LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group call: hands-on work with Wikidata on creating items for authors of COVID 19 papers and brainstorming for future hands-on work, 20 October. [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1LicYD3PQAV7gs7zConkyEaC039J_kcjHT1SmmNXbmf4/edit?usp=sharing Agenda] ** Upcoming: [[Wikidata:Eighth Birthday/Wikidata Lab XXV|Wikidata Lab XXV: Interoperabilidade e acesso aos dados]], in Portuguese by [[user:Ederporto|Ederporto]] ([[m:Wiki Movimento Brasil|Wiki Movimento Brasil]]) - October 22 17:00 UTC (14:00 BRT) ** [[m:WikiCite/2020_Virtual_conference|'''WikiCite''' 2020: Virtual Conference]] happening 26-28 October 2020. Many live-stream sessions across several ''languages'' and ''timezones''. [[User:LWyatt (WMF)|LWyatt (WMF)]] ([[:d:User talk:LWyatt (WMF)|<span class="signature-talk">{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}</span>]]) * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** Tisane Labs announce new feature in Tisane API, allowing tagging and extraction of Wikidata entities: [https://blog.tisane.ai/index.php/2020/10/14/tisane-labs-solutions-on-microsoft-azure-add-wikidata-extraction-feature/ blog post] **Video: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kxjjkCMC0aY LIVE Wikidata editing at HACK4OPENGLAM] - YouTube **Video: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DFG5yEZLfC8 Wikidata Lexeme BY Mahir256] - YouTube **Video: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aVfenfa7Oz4 Introduction to Wikidata] (in Swedish) - YouTube **Video: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JpJnMskNqgo Introduction to SPARQL] (in Swedish) - YouTube **Video: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iiVWXnFGhac Bibliographic data on Wikidata] (in Swedish) - YouTube * '''Tool of the week''' ** [https://magnustools.toolforge.org/prepbio.php?q= Prepbio tool] uses Wikidata to create the beginnings of a Wikipedia stub biography article. (2020-10-19) * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P8706|ritual object]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P8700|Scottish Brick History Brick & Tileworks ID]], [[:d:Property:P8704|Spotify playlist ID]], [[:d:Property:P8705|Artist ID of the department of Prints and Drawings of the Louvre]], [[:d:Property:P8707|NBIC taxon ID]], [[:d:Property:P8708|Danish educational institution number]], [[:d:Property:P8709|CTAN package ID]], [[:d:Property:P8710|Dresden Street ID]], [[:d:Property:P8711|Emojipedia ID]], [[:d:Property:P8712|FIBA Hall of Fame ID]], [[:d:Property:P8713|Stadtwiki Dresden article]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Unicode name|Unicode name]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/branch or affiliate|branch or affiliate]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/economy of topic|economy of topic]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/checkin and checkout times (v.2)|checkin and checkout times (v.2)]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/maximum current|maximum current]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Skipsrevyen ID|Skipsrevyen ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/route operated|route operated]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/power plant unit|power plant unit]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/annual average daily traffic|annual average daily traffic]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Humanitarian OpenStreetMap Tasking Manager project ID|Humanitarian OpenStreetMap Tasking Manager project ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/isotopically modified form of|isotopically modified form of]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Numérisé par|Numérisé par]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Kramerius of Moravian Library UUID|Kramerius of Moravian Library UUID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Hungarian Water Polo Federation player ID|Hungarian Water Polo Federation player ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Irish Statute Book ID|Irish Statute Book ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Mir@bel publisher ID|Mir@bel publisher ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CCFr library ID|CCFr library ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Decorati onorificenze repubblica|Decorati onorificenze repubblica]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/BHL name ID|BHL name ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/AWMDB person ID|AWMDB person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/AVN person ID|AVN person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/American Heritage ID|American Heritage ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/xHamster ID|xHamster ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Great Places ID|Great Places ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Famepedia ID|Famepedia ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Nachlässe in Austria|Nachlässe in Austria]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Archivio Storico Ricordi opera ID|Archivio Storico Ricordi opera ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/PAN member|PAN member]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/DC Historic Sites ID|DC Historic Sites ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Literary Encyclopedia (1929-1939)|Literary Encyclopedia (1929-1939)]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Concise Literary Encyclopedia|Concise Literary Encyclopedia]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/aagm people ID|aagm people ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/aagm sites ID|aagm sites ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Yandex Zen ID|Yandex Zen ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/GeoGuessr ID|GeoGuessr ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Polski Słownik Judaistyczny ID|Polski Słownik Judaistyczny ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SMB-digital ID|SMB-digital ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/identifiant station Vélib' Métropole|identifiant station Vélib' Métropole]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** [https://sophox.org/embed.html#%23defaultView%3AImageGrid%0ASELECT%20DISTINCT%20%3Fosm%20%3Fmodel%20%3Flicense%20WHERE%20%7B%0A%20%20%23%20Prevent%20optimizer%20from%20querying%20for%20everything%20tagged%20with%20wikidata%3D%2A%20before%20querying%20the%20service.%0A%20%20hint%3AQuery%20hint%3Aoptimizer%20%22None%22.%0A%20%20%0A%20%20%23%20Query%20the%20Wikidata%20Query%20Service%20for%0A%20%20SERVICE%20%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fquery.wikidata.org%2Fsparql%3E%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20Models%20of%20things%0A%20%20%20%20%3Fwd%20wdt%3AP4896%20%3Fmodel.%0A%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%0A%20%20%23%20Query%20OpenStreetMap%20for%20features%20corresponding%20to%20these%20things%0A%20%20%23%20This%20greatly%20narrows%20the%20set%20of%20results%2C%20making%20the%20subsequent%20MediaWiki%20API%20call%20much%20faster%0A%20%20%3Fosm%20osmt%3Awikidata%20%3Fwd.%0A%20%20%0A%20%20%23%20Query%20the%20Wikidata%20Query%20Service%20again%20for%0A%20%20SERVICE%20%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fquery.wikidata.org%2Fsparql%3E%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20The%20same%20model%20of%20the%20same%20thing%0A%20%20%20%20%3Fwd%20wdt%3AP4896%20%3Fmodel.%0A%20%20%20%20%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20Convert%20the%20file%20path%20URL%20into%20a%20file%20description%20page%20title%0A%20%20%20%20BIND%28CONCAT%28%22File%3A%22%2C%20wikibase%3AdecodeUri%28STRAFTER%28STR%28%3Fmodel%29%2C%20%22%2FSpecial%3AFilePath%2F%22%29%29%29%20AS%20%3Ftitle%29%0A%20%20%20%20%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20Query%20the%20MediaWiki%20API%20Query%20Service%20for%0A%20%20%20%20SERVICE%20wikibase%3Amwapi%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%23%20Categories%20that%20contain%20these%20pages%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20bd%3AserviceParam%20wikibase%3Aapi%20%22Categories%22%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20wikibase%3Aendpoint%20%22commons.wikimedia.org%22%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20wikibase%3Alimit%2050%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20mwapi%3Atitles%20%3Ftitle.%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%23%20Output%20the%20page%20title%20and%20category%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%3Ftitle%20wikibase%3AapiOutput%20mwapi%3Atitle.%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%3Fcategory%20wikibase%3AapiOutput%20mwapi%3Acategory.%0A%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%20%20%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20Only%20include%20the%20model%20if%20it%20has%20been%20categorized%20with%20a%20Creative%20Commons%20license%0A%20%20%20%20FILTER%20STRSTARTS%28%3Fcategory%2C%20%22Category%3ACC-%22%29%0A%20%20%20%20%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20Extract%20a%20%E2%80%9Clicense%E2%80%9D%20name%20out%20of%20the%20category%20page%20title%0A%20%20%20%20BIND%28STRAFTER%28%3Fcategory%2C%20%22Category%3A%22%29%20AS%20%3Flicense%29%0A%20%20%7D%0A%7D Gallery of 3D models of structures mapped in OpenStreetMap that are available under Creative Commons licenses at Wikimedia Commons] - OSM/Wikidata query (sophox.org) *** [https://w.wiki/gvC Item named after item named after item named after item named after item named after item] *** [https://w.wiki/hXn UK parliament members' opposition posts, start dates and end dates where Wikidata has a Parliament ID for that member] ([https://twitter.com/philbgorman/status/1318102897448669184 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/hRb Count of Irish Statutory Instruments, 1948-2020] ([https://twitter.com/Tagishsimon/status/1317995924132630528 Source]) *** [https://query.wikidata.org/#SELECT%20%3Fdecade%20%3Fgenre%20%3FgenreLabel%20%3Fcount%20%3FdecadeCount%20%28100%20%2a%20%3Fcount%20%2F%20%3FdecadeCount%20AS%20%3Fpercentage%29%20WHERE%20%7B%20%20%0A%20%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20SELECT%20%3Fdecade%20%3Fgenre%20%28count%28%3Fx%29%20as%20%3Fcount%29%20WHERE%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%23%20TOP%2020%20Genres%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20SELECT%20%3Ftop20Genre%20%3Fcount%20WHERE%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20SELECT%20%3Fgenre%20%28count%28%3Fx%29%20as%20%3Fcount%29%20WHERE%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3Fx%20%20wdt%3AP31%20wd%3AQ11424.%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3Fx%20%20wdt%3AP136%20%3Fgenre.%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%23%20Exclude%20silent%20film%3B%20doesn%27t%20make%20a%20ton%20of%20sense%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%23%20in%20this%20context%2C%20since%20it%27s%20more%20about%20the%20medium%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%23%20than%20the%20content%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20FILTER%28%3Fgenre%20%21%3D%20wd%3AQ226730%29%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20GROUP%20BY%20%3Fgenre%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20BIND%28%3Fgenre%20as%20%3Ftop20Genre%29%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ORDER%20BY%20DESC%28%3Fcount%29%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20LIMIT%2020%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20SELECT%20%3Fx%20%28min%28%3FpubDate%29%20as%20%3FfirstPubDate%29%20WHERE%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3Fx%20%20wdt%3AP31%20wd%3AQ11424.%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3Fx%20%20wdt%3AP577%20%3FpubDate.%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20GROUP%20BY%20%3Fx%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%3Fx%20%20wdt%3AP136%20%3Ftop20Genre.%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20BIND%28%3Ftop20Genre%20as%20%3Fgenre%29%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20BIND%28concat%28str%28floor%28year%28%3FfirstPubDate%29%20%2F%2010%29%29%2C%20%220s%22%29%20as%20%3Fdecade%29%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20FILTER%28%21isBlank%28%3Fdecade%29%29%0A%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%20%20GROUP%20BY%20%3Fdecade%20%3Fgenre%0A%20%20%7D%0A%0A%20%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20Movies%20per%20decade%0A%20%20%20%20SELECT%20%3Fdecade%20%28count%28%3Fx%29%20as%20%3FdecadeCount%29%20WHERE%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20SELECT%20%3Fx%20%28min%28%3FpubDate%29%20as%20%3FfirstPubDate%29%20WHERE%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3Fx%20%20wdt%3AP31%20wd%3AQ11424.%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3Fx%20%20wdt%3AP577%20%3FpubDate.%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20GROUP%20BY%20%3Fx%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20BIND%28concat%28str%28floor%28year%28%3FfirstPubDate%29%20%2F%2010%29%29%2C%20%220s%22%29%20as%20%3Fdecade%29%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%23%20This%20filter%20is%20very%20important%20%28in%20both%20subqueries%29%21%20Otherwise%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%23%20the%20results%20of%20the%20sub%20queries%20can%27t%20be%20properly%20aligned.%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20FILTER%28%21isBlank%28%3Fdecade%29%29%0A%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%20%20GROUP%20BY%20%3Fdecade%0A%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%0A%20%20%23%20See%20https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wikidata.org%2Fwiki%2FQ22917333%0A%20%20FILTER%28%3Fdecade%20%21%3D%20%222110s%22%29%0A%20%20%0A%20%20SERVICE%20wikibase%3Alabel%20%7B%20bd%3AserviceParam%20wikibase%3Alanguage%20%22%5BAUTO_LANGUAGE%5D%2Cen%22.%20%7D%0A%7D Movie genre trends] ([https://twitter.com/cdrini/status/1317515817790091272 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/fAy Scientific papers explaining backward contact tracing] ([https://twitter.com/podehaye/status/1317452852684595200 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/gyB List of sovereign states in en, fr, de, ru] ([https://twitter.com/dpsSpiders/status/1316850740946755585 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/hNQ Locations depicted in paintings] ([https://twitter.com/AlbinPCLarsson/status/1317745681277353984 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/hQZ The most commonly depicted locations] ([https://twitter.com/AlbinPCLarsson/status/1317805515687251968 Source]) * '''Development''' ** Blocked users trying to create new Items no longer make us skip QIDs ([[phab:T232620]]) ** So far we don't have JSON dumps for Lexemes. We're working on regularly generating them as well now ([[phab:T264883]]) ** Continuing work on getting the Query Builder to generate the first query. Almost there. ** Started the [[Wikidata:REST API feedback round|feedback round for the REST API]]. Please provide your input if you are currently using the action API or plan to develop against Wikidata's API in the future. [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2020 10 19|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 15:56, 19 Oktoba 2020 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=20536472 --> == Wikidata == When you create a new article please connect it to its Wikidata item (add link (under languages ⚙) => wiki en + article title). [[User:Sami At Ferḥat|Sami At Ferḥat]] ([[User talk:Sami At Ferḥat|talk]]) 12:54, 21 Oktoba 2020 (UTC) : Thank you [[User:Sami At Ferḥat|Sami At Ferḥat]] for the reminder, I usually do that I'll keep on. Regards <span style="background-color: #804; color: #fa0;"><samp>Em</samp>[[User:M-Mustapha|-]]</span><span style="font-weight: normal; background-color: #804; color: #5b2;"><samp>mustapha</samp></span> <sup><samp>[[user talk:M-Mustapha|t@lk]]</samp></sup> 19:40, 21 Oktoba 2020 (UTC) == Wikidata weekly summary #439 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' ** Past: Providing sustainable data services through Wikibase and Wikidata, SEMIC Conference 2020 - ([https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fn2ZkEMcGC0 replay]) ** Past: Introduction to Wikidata by [[d:User:Frimelle|Frimelle]], Software Freedom Kosova 2020 - ([https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5q3AhnAE-Pc replay]) ** Past: What's new in Wikidata? by Lea Lacroix, Lydia Pintscher and Mattia Capozzi, ItWikiCon 2020 - ([https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EbXdZK54GrU replay]) ** Ongoing: plenty of Wikidata birthday events, online and onsite! Here's an overview of the upcoming events, you can find the links and details [[d:Wikidata:Eighth Birthday|in the main calendar]]. *** [[m:WikiCite/2020 Virtual conference|WikiCite virtual conference]] on October 26-28, live-streamed on Youtube and Twitter, with sessions across many timezones and languages – English, French, German, Indonesian, and Portuguese. *** [[d:Wikidata:Eighth_Birthday/Wikidata_Education_Week|Wikidata Education Week]], online, on October 26-30 *** [[d:Wikidata:Eighth Birthday/24-hours meetup|24-hours online meetup]], on October 28-29: an open discussion with plenty of community members facilitating exchange around the topic "what makes you enthusiastic about Wikidata" *** Gene Wiki: how to synchronize and curate primary sources with and in Wikidata, online, on October 29th *** [[d:Wikidata:Eighth Birthday/Rennes|Birthday celebration in Rennes, France]], on October 29th *** Birthday Celebration in Accra, Ghana, and online, on October 29th ** Upcoming: [[d:Wikidata:Events#Office_hours|Wikidata & Wikibase office hour]], October 27th at 17:00 CET (16:00 GMT) ** Upcoming: [https://www.twitch.tv/belett live SPARQL queries] on Twitch and in French by Vigneron, October 27 at 18:00 CET * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' **Excerpts from Wikidata Birthday events *** Video: How the Wikimedia Brazil contributed to Wikidata in 2020 (in Portuguese) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UclS25_HRlw YouTube] *** Video: Introduction to Wikidata and data reconciliation (in Portuguese) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xrL5Uhjy-Go YouTube] ** [https://wikimedia.se/2020/10/26/analyze-swedish-politics-with-wikidata/ Analyze Swedish politics with Wikidata] (Blog post) ** [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2020/10/22/wikicite-awards-23-grants-escholarships-to-improve-open-citations WikiCite awards 23 grants & eScholarships to improve open citations] (including plenty of Wikidata-related projects) ** Video: [[d:User:Eyoungstrom|Eyoungstrom]] and [[d:User:Evolution and evolvability|Evolution and evolvability]] explore and explain different Wikidata tools in 15-part series on YouTube - [https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLs9M85_qZF32xUBnxWZpMLsl5V-0yuo3f Playlist] ** Video: Wikidata Lab XXV: Interoperability and data access (in Portuguese) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bVatib3vq8s YouTube] **Video: Wikidata for cultural institutions and GLAM-WIKI partnerships (in Portuguese) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3aUWYNvnZck YouTube] ** Wikidata Training Workshop 4, by Canadian Arts Presenting Association - YouTube *** Wikimedia Commons and Wikidata - (Parts [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aNSzCDQk3yo 1], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AAf4g6pFOec 2], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8CbKPV1kx2Y 3], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cyqVpK6u4pw 4] & [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YXDIZXt5OXY 5]) *** Wikimedia Commons and Wikidata (in French) - (Parts [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RyQEJ9ioee4 1], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DN87dHJI6ZU 2], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZQpnaR1ke4U 3], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ekXrSd-Ou0s 4] & [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TrkBz61laOc 5]) * '''Tool of the week''' **[[d:Wikidata:Tools/WikibaseJS-cli|WikibaseJS-cli]] allows to edit Wikidata from command line, including creating items from samples ("templates") and do complex transformations of statements * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** Server switch: all wikis will be in read-only on Tuesday, October 27th at 14:00 UTC for up to an hour ([[m:Tech/Server switch 2020|more information]]). All services hosted by WMF (e.g. tools hosted on wmcloud.org) are also impacted. Non-essential code deployments will not happen this week. ** [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2020-October/093976.html Wikimedia Israel (WMIL) develops instructional material for the Wikidata Query Service (WDQS)]: [https://wdqs-tutorial.toolforge.org/ wdqs-tutorial.toolforge.org] * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P8733|number of rooms]], [[:d:Property:P8738|permits]], [[:d:Property:P8739|prohibits]], [[:d:Property:P8744|economy of topic]], [[:d:Property:P8745|check-in time]], [[:d:Property:P8746|check-out time]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P8709|CTAN package ID]], [[:d:Property:P8710|Dresden Street ID]], [[:d:Property:P8711|Emojipedia ID]], [[:d:Property:P8712|FIBA Hall of Fame ID]], [[:d:Property:P8713|Stadtwiki Dresden article]], [[:d:Property:P8714|GADM ID]], [[:d:Property:P8715|Lambiek Special pages ID]], [[:d:Property:P8716|Mir@bel publisher ID]], [[:d:Property:P8717|ILO Thesaurus ID]], [[:d:Property:P8718|AVN performer ID]], [[:d:Property:P8719|CCFr library ID]], [[:d:Property:P8720|xHamster performer ID]], [[:d:Property:P8721|AWMDB performer ID]], [[:d:Property:P8722|Normattiva ID]], [[:d:Property:P8723|American Heritage place ID]], [[:d:Property:P8724|BHL name ID]], [[:d:Property:P8725|Hungarian Water Polo Federation player ID]], [[:d:Property:P8726|Irish Statute Book ID]], [[:d:Property:P8727|Minecraft UUID]], [[:d:Property:P8728|Nachlässe in Austria ID]], [[:d:Property:P8729|AniList anime ID]], [[:d:Property:P8730|National Park Service people ID]], [[:d:Property:P8731|AniList manga ID]], [[:d:Property:P8732|Archivio Storico Ricordi opera ID]], [[:d:Property:P8734|O*NET OnLine code]], [[:d:Property:P8735|Opta football competition ID]], [[:d:Property:P8736|Opta football player ID]], [[:d:Property:P8737|Opta football team ID]], [[:d:Property:P8740|The Boardr profile ID]], [[:d:Property:P8741|Great Places ID]], [[:d:Property:P8742|PIM award ID]], [[:d:Property:P8743|Scholars Strategy Network ID]], [[:d:Property:P8747|DC Historic Sites place ID]], [[:d:Property:P8748|Rheinland-Pfälzische Personendatenbank ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/annual average daily traffic|annual average daily traffic]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/isotopically modified form of|isotopically modified form of]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Numérisé par|Numérisé par]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Online catalog|Online catalog]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/funeral|funeral]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Inaugural address|Inaugural address]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Hong Kong film rating|Hong Kong film rating]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/word lookup|word lookup]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/hair or facial hair style|hair or facial hair style]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Cup size|Cup size]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/for color scheme|for color scheme]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/aagm people ID|aagm people ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/aagm sites ID|aagm sites ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Yandex Zen ID|Yandex Zen ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/GeoGuessr ID|GeoGuessr ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Humanitarian OpenStreetMap Tasking Manager project ID|Humanitarian OpenStreetMap Tasking Manager project ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Polski Słownik Judaistyczny ID|Polski Słownik Judaistyczny ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SMB-digital ID|SMB-digital ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/identifiant station Vélib' Métropole|identifiant station Vélib' Métropole]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Base constructions bibliothèques ID|Base constructions bibliothèques ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Dicionário de Historiadores Portugueses ID|Dicionário de Historiadores Portugueses ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Unione Romana Biblioteche Scientifiche ID|Unione Romana Biblioteche Scientifiche ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Malmö Museer|Malmö Museer]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/IMVDb music video ID|IMVDb music video ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/NSSDCA ID|NSSDCA ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Docker Hub repository|Docker Hub repository]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Ontology of units of Measure 2.0 unit ID|Ontology of units of Measure 2.0 unit ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Persée article ID|Persée article ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Geneanet Family Name ID|Geneanet Family Name ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Blogger user profile ID|Blogger user profile ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/USL League One ID|USL League One ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Stolperstein identifiers|Stolperstein identifiers]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/State Catalogue of the Museum Fund of Russia artwork ID|State Catalogue of the Museum Fund of Russia artwork ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Royal Horticultural Society plant ID|Royal Horticultural Society plant ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/EGAFD ID|EGAFD ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** [https://w.wiki/iVb Commemorative plaques and their subjects in Aberdeen, Scotland; with photos of plaque and subject and Wikipedia links]. ([https://twitter.com/Tagishsimon/status/1320084387602464768 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/iEy Cities with female mayor] ([https://twitter.com/Tagishsimon/status/1319682484997533697 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/hx9 Most common variants of the name "Susanne" in each country] ([https://twitter.com/medi_cago/status/1318988410166673408 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/htF Birthplaces of art historians] ([https://twitter.com/janedarnell/status/1318890828442574848 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/hbs Invasive species in EU and whether they have articles in different languages] ([https://twitter.com/andrawaag/status/1318203582471151617 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/igz Birthplace of Olympique de Marseille players] ([https://twitter.com/macgraveur/status/1320403600716201985 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/iqE COVID-19 deaths by month] ([https://twitter.com/Tagishsimon/status/1320368710088052737 Source]) ** Wikimedia Commons Query examples: *** [https://wcqs-beta.wmflabs.org/#%23Get%20information%20of%20Europeana%20item%20using%20federated%20query%0APREFIX%20dc%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fpurl.org%2Fdc%2Felements%2F1.1%2F%3E%0APREFIX%20edm%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeana.eu%2Fschemas%2Fedm%2F%3E%0APREFIX%20ore%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.openarchives.org%2Fore%2Fterms%2F%3E%0A%0ASELECT%20%2a%20WHERE%20%7B%0A%20%20BIND%28%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fdata.europeana.eu%2Fproxy%2Fprovider%2F91622%2Fraa_kmb_16000200042758%3E%20as%20%3Fp854%29%20%20%0A%20%20SERVICE%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fsparql.europeana.eu%2F%3E%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3Fp854%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fpurl.org%2Fdc%2Fterms%2Fcreated%3E%20%3Fcreated%20.%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3Fp854%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fpurl.org%2Fdc%2Felements%2F1.1%2Fdescription%3E%20%3Fidentifier%20.%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3Fp854%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fpurl.org%2Fdc%2Felements%2F1.1%2Fpublisher%3E%20%3Fpublisher%20.%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3Fp854%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fpurl.org%2Fdc%2Felements%2F1.1%2Frights%3E%20%3Frights%20.%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3Fp854%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fpurl.org%2Fdc%2Felements%2F1.1%2Ftitle%3E%20%3Ftitle%20.%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3Fp854%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fpurl.org%2Fdc%2Felements%2F1.1%2Fdescription%3E%20%3Fdescription%20.%0A%20%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%7D%0A%7D Get information of Europeana item using federated query] * '''Development''' ** Got the Query Builder to create the first simple queries. You can follow along the development from now on on the [https://query-builder-test.toolforge.org test system]. ** Preparing regular JSON dumps for Lexemes ([[phab:T264883]]) ** Analyzed a number of queries to the query service together with the WMF search team to better understand what the queries are doing and what further optimizations we can make to the query service and which queries need different systems to answer them. ** Working on creating and tracking implicit usages of Wikidata descriptions so description changes show up in the watchlist on Wikipedia and co ([[phab:T265897]]) ** Created [[mw:Extension:WikibaseManifest|Extension:WikibaseManifest]] documentation on MediaWiki. ** Looking into what would be considered a mismatch when comparing WIkidata's data against another database. This is groundwork for potentially automating this in the future to find potential issues in the data to flag to editors. ** Working on deploying the new Item quality scoring model for ORES to production so we have improved quality scores ** Finished investigating how to handle a restricted list of external Wikibase services. ([[phab:T265118]]) ** Removed noratelimit on bots for wikidata.org ([[phab:T258354]]) ** Published Easier Access for Programmers to Wikidata [[:commons:File:Research Report Easier Access for Programmers.pdf|research report]] [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2020 10 26|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 16:01, 26 Oktoba 2020 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=20572719 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #440 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''Discussions''' ** Open request for adminship: [[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Administrator/Hasley|Hasley]] (RfP scheduled to end after 2 November 2020 17:23 UTC) * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' ** Past: Wikidata & Wikibase office hour, October 27 ([[d:Wikidata:Events/IRC office hour 2020-10-27|notes]]) ** Upcoming: Next Linked Data for Libraries LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group call: Arthur Smith and Daniel Mietchen discussing author items in Wikidata and the Author Disambiguator Tool, 3 November. [https://docs.google.com/document/d/16OJ5cTXZ47z3_M9bsIjmXO_kpjpQujtoFTEKe6Du3RY/edit Agenda] ** Upcoming: [[d:Wikidata:Events/Swedish_online_editathon#Meetup_#37|Online Wikidata editathon in Swedish #37]], November 8 ** Upcoming: [https://www.twitch.tv/belett live SPARQL queries] on Twitch and in French by Vigneron, November 3 at 18:00 CET * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** [https://blog.wikimedia.de/2020/10/28/wikidata-wird-acht-jahre-alt-ein-interview-mit-produktmanagerin-lydia-pintscher/ Wikidata is eight years old - an interview with product manager Lydia Pintscher] (in German), by Elisabeth Giesemann ** [[d:Wikidata:Eighth_Birthday/Presents#Message_from_the_development_team|Wikidata 8th birthday, Message from the development team]] ** [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2020/10/29/happy-8th-birthday-wikidata/ Happy 8th birthday, Wikidata! (8 reasons why Wikidata is great)], by Will Kent ** [https://blogs.bl.uk/digital-scholarship/2020/10/happy-eighth-birthday-wikidata.html Happy Eighth Birthday Wikidata!], by Stella Wisdom ** [https://saxorum.hypotheses.org/5279 Tree networks, national history and open mountains of data - knowledge through node formation with Wikidata for the 8th], by Jens Bemme ** Video: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_O_Y0cXwZto Why is Wikidata important?] (Wikidata birthday event - in Spanish) ** [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2020/10/29/sparql-in-the-shadow-of-structured-data-on-commons/ SPARQL in the shadow of Structured Data on Commons], by Zbyszko Papierski ** [https://synapta.it/blog/risposte-a-domande-curiose-e-dove-trovarle-ecco-come-interrogare-wikidata-con-sparql/ Answers to curious questions and where to find them: here's how to query wikidata with SPARQL], by Lianna D'amato ** [https://chem-bla-ics.blogspot.com/2020/11/cito-updates-2-annotation-migration-to.html CiTO updates #2: annotation migration to Wikidata and first Scholia patch], by Egon Willighagen ** Video: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MbTCq7r8SQg Wikidata+OpenStreetMaps talk and discussion] ** Video: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=czZA1T1t8wk Wikidata – what libraries need to know about wikidata - Kohacon20], by David Nind ** Video: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OPMoj7uMXRU Visualizing the neuroscience research ecosystem via Wikidata Scholia], by Daniel Mietchen ** Video: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dbowsw_XT-Q Knowledge Graphs and Wikidata] (in Indonesian) ** All videos from the '''[[m:WikiCite/2020 Virtual conference|WikiCite 2020 Virtual Conference]]''' are now on Commons, and embedded in the program page on Meta. ::This is 32 hours of video covering 85 individual presentations in 7 languages. ::1266 "unique viewers" have watched some portion on YouTubeSince the conference began last Monday. * '''Tool of the week''' ** [https://pltools.toolforge.org/rech/ reCH] is a Wikidata anti-vandalism tool that is used to review edits and patrol new changes. * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** Wikidata Eighth Birthday Presents *** All recordings of [[commons:Category:Wikidata Labs videos|Wikidata Labs are now available on Wikimedia Commons]] (Wiki Movimento Brasil) *** [https://wdqs-tutorial.toolforge.org/ Wikidata Query Service (WDQS) tutorial website] – a new user-friendly tutorial to querying Wikidata (Wikimedia Israel) *** [https://wikibibliotecas.colmex.mx/items/browse?tags=Wikidata Wikidata Spanish Tutorials Website] – a brand new user-friendly (with Dublin Core Metadata!) digital collection of Wikidata slides, tutorials, and manuals in Spanish (Biblioteca Daniel Cosío Villegas, Mexico) *** [https://twitter.com/SemanticMW/status/1321482146305945600?s=20 Happy Birthday] from [https://www.semantic-mediawiki.org Semantic MediaWiki] *** Wikidata Lexeme Forms <code>?language_code</code> feature: [https://twitter.com/LucasWerkmeistr/status/1321626949492613122 announcement tweet] and [[d:Special:Diff/1299258986/1299263735|documentation edit]] *** Automated finding references: [https://analytics.wikimedia.org/published/datasets/periodic/wikidata-potential-references/ dump] and [https://wmdeanalytics.wmflabs.org/WD_GameReferenceHunt dashboard] (Wikidata development team - [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikidata/2020-October/014374.html announcement]) *** [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikidata/2020-October/014375.html Better Item quality judgments from ORES] (Wikidata development team) *** Announcement of the [[Wikidata:WikidataCon 2021|distributed WikidataCon 2021]] (Wikidata development team - [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikidata/2020-October/014376.html announcement]) *** [[d:Wikidata:Eighth Birthday/India/Datathon/Sum of all Indian paintings/birthday present|Results of Sum of all Indian paintings datathon]] organized by [[d:WD:IND|WikiProject India]]. *** Happy birthday Wikidata! In the [[m:Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2020-10-29|Abstract Wikipedia Updates (2020-10-29)]] by the project team, speaking about the future integration with Wikidata. *** Knowledge Grapher [https://knowledgegrapher.toolforge.org/filmmaker filmmaker mode] can visually display all the films and cast members of an individual director or producer. *** [[d:User:Teester/EntityShape.js|User:Teester/EntityShape.js]] - a userscript to show how an item conforms to an entityschema ** [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikidata/2020-October/014376.html The next WikidataCon will take place on 29-30-31 October 2021, in a distributed format]. Follow this page to keep up to date: [[d:Wikidata:WikidataCon 2021|WikidataCon 2021]]. ** [https://datastory.org/en/data-stories/election-tracker The Election Tracker], uses Wikidata to keep track of upcoming national elections around the world. ** Accepted published papers for the Wikidata Workshop on Monday, 02.11 are now available online [https://wikidataworkshop.github.io wikidataworkshop.github.io] ** [https://witches.is.ed.ac.uk/ witches.is.ed.ac.uk] shows the geographical residence location for accused witches in Scotland. * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P8751|die axis]], [[:d:Property:P8753|annual average daily traffic]], [[:d:Property:P8757|maximum current]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P8748|Rheinland-Pfälzische Personendatenbank ID]], [[:d:Property:P8749|Dicionário de Historiadores Portugueses ID]], [[:d:Property:P8750|Unione Romana Biblioteche Scientifiche ID]], [[:d:Property:P8752|Kramerius of Moravian Library UUID]], [[:d:Property:P8754|OpenStreetMap numeric user ID]], [[:d:Property:P8755|VA facility ID]], [[:d:Property:P8756|Sports-Reference.com college basketball box score ID]], [[:d:Property:P8758|Persée article ID]], [[:d:Property:P8759|Polski Słownik Judaistyczny ID]], [[:d:Property:P8760|Base constructions bibliothèques ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Matrix room|Matrix room]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/regex (lang)|regex (lang)]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Ukrainian romanization|Ukrainian romanization]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Power consumption index, Heating energy consumption index|Power consumption index, Heating energy consumption index]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Business Number (Canada)|Business Number (Canada)]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/notable tv series|notable tv series]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/number of points or goals attempted|number of points or goals attempted]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Royal Horticultural Society plant ID|Royal Horticultural Society plant ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/EGAFD ID|EGAFD ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/NCAA Statistics coach ID|NCAA Statistics coach ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/NCAA school code|NCAA school code]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/NCAA Statistics team season ID|NCAA Statistics team season ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Twitch team ID|Twitch team ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Twitch tag ID|Twitch tag ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/FINA Wiki ID|FINA Wiki ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/All the Tropes identifier|All the Tropes identifier]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/MTMT journal ID|MTMT journal ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/UAF person ID|UAF person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Soccerway stadium ID|Soccerway stadium ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/NCAA Statistics player ID|NCAA Statistics player ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Portuguese Football Federation ID|Portuguese Football Federation ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Wolfram language WordData sense|Wolfram language WordData sense]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Namuwiki|Namuwiki]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** [https://w.wiki/jGN Movies by rate of actors who studied at RADA (When distribution has at last 5 actors)] *** [https://w.wiki/8WU Central libraries in California linked to their branch library] *** [https://w.wiki/jZF Writers in the SIEFAR dictionary with a portrait in Wikimedia Commons] ([https://twitter.com/Georgele2etexte/status/1322471301664092161 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/VLM Place and date of birth of people buried at Père Lachaise Cemetery (one color per century of birth)] ([https://twitter.com/Pyb75/status/1322265164088049668 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/jPA Occupations of people on Wikidata dying of coronavirus (politician ranks higher than the next 3 occupations combined)] ([https://twitter.com/watty62/status/1321806989861769216 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/jbE Things Donald Trump and others own / have owned] ([https://twitter.com/inforapid/status/1321799945612070913 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/L6k Graveplots by gender in Père Lachaise Cemetery] ([https://twitter.com/Pyb75/status/1322264888463548417 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/AMx Co-authorship between researchers from National University of La Plata] ([https://twitter.com/patriciolorente/status/1321789489828798467 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/j6o Number of Harvard Law graduates dead by year between 1850 and 1950] ([https://twitter.com/HanleyWill/status/1321285757697482753 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/isL Visualization of the works of Charles Heaphy] ([https://twitter.com/SiobhanLeachman/status/1320795910696124417 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/jpa Identifiers present on the item for Penelope Cruz (or other movie people), but not on the item for Sean Connery] *** [https://w.wiki/jpd Map of places of birth of people with an identifier Inter-university Health Library in Wikidata colored by century of birth] ([https://twitter.com/belett/status/1323238160759967744 Source]) *** [https://sophox.org/embed.html#%23defaultView%3AMap%0ASELECT%20%3Ftree%20%3Ftaxon%20%3FtaxonLabel%20%3Flayer%20%3Fcoordinates%20WHERE%20%7B%0A%20%20%23%20Query%20OpenStreetMap%20for%20trees%20and%20their%20taxa%0A%20%20%3Ftree%20osmt%3Anatural%20%22tree%22%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%28osmt%3Agenus%3Awikidata%7Cosmt%3Aspecies%3Awikidata%7Cosmt%3Ataxon%3Awikidata%29%20%3Ftaxon%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20osmm%3Aloc%20%3Fcoordinates.%0A%20%20%0A%20%20%23%20Query%20Wikidata%20for%0A%20%20SERVICE%20%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fquery.wikidata.org%2Fsparql%3E%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20Taxa%20categorized%20as%20threatened%20on%20the%20IUCN%20Red%20List%0A%20%20%20%20VALUES%20%28%3Fstatus%20%3Flayer%29%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%28wd%3AQ278113%20%22Vulnerable%20%28VU%29%22%29%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%28wd%3AQ11394%20%22Endangered%20%28EN%29%22%29%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%28wd%3AQ219127%20%22Critically%20endangered%20%28CR%29%22%29%0A%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%20%20%3Ftaxon%20wdt%3AP141%20%3Fstatus.%0A%20%20%20%20%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20Get%20the%20English%20common%20name%0A%20%20%20%20OPTIONAL%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%3Ftaxon%20wdt%3AP1843%20%3FtaxonLabel.%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20FILTER%28LANG%28%3FtaxonLabel%29%20%3D%20%22en%22%29%0A%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%7D%0A%7D Map of the trees recorded in OSM with protection status.] OSM/Wikidata query ([https://twitter.com/LibrErli/status/1316455785854050306 Source]) ** Newest [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProjects]]: [[Wikidata:WikiProject_European_Film_Awards|Wikiproject European Film Awards]] ** Newest database reports: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Movies/Filmography/Sean Connery|Sean Connery filmography]] * '''Development''' ** Fixing the issue of `content was: ""` (empty string) when deleting Lexemes ([[phab:T263435]]) ** Final steps for deployment of JSON dumps for Lexeme ([[phab:T264883]]) ** Working on fixing an issue with adding statements with datatype mathematical formula ([[phab:T266673]]) ** The Query Builder can now generate its first very simple query and show the result. You can follow along as we develop it at [https://query-builder-test.toolforge.org/ the demo system]. [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2020 11 02|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 16:48, 2 Nuwamba, 2020 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=20593244 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #441 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''Discussions''' ** New request for comments: [[d:Wikidata:Requests for comment/Cleaning up the ontology of anonymous|Cleaning up the ontology of anonymous]] ** Other ***[[d:Property_talk:P969#%22und%22_or_%22und-latn%22|"und" or "und-latn" language code for addresses]] ***[[d:Wikidata:Project_chat#Value_label_constraint|Value label constraint]] * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' ** Upcoming: [https://www.twitch.tv/belett live SPARQL queries] about visualisation on maps 🗺️ on Twitch and in French by Vigneron, November 10 at 18:00 CET ** Upcoming: [[d:Wikidata:Events/Swedish_online_editathon#Meetup_#38|Online Wikidata meetup in Swedish #38]], November 15 * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** [[:File:Wikdata Eighth Birthday Meetup - Database validation of Wikidata.pdf|Wikidata Eighth Birthday Meetup - Database validation of Wikidata]] by Houcemeddine Turki ** Turning Scholia into a platform for living scientometric studies ([[:File:WikiCite 2020 - Scientométrie Ouverte.pdf|French]], [[:File:WikiCite 2020 - Living Scientometric Study.pdf|English]]) by Houcemeddine Turki ** Wikidata Workshop for the scientific Wikidata community @ ISWC 2020 with [https://wikidataworkshop.github.io/#Accepted%20Papers papers] about interesting aspects of Wikidata. ** Video: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_bSZq22yiGU Visualizing the research ecosystem of neuroscience research via Wikidata]. by Daniel Mietchen at Neuromatch Conference ** Video: LIVE Wikidata editing #23 - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2NfpMLS3NlU YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2814050998880059/ Facebook] ** Upcoming video: LIVE Wikidata editing #24 - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W9ht8zB9bHA YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2815062592112233/ Facebook], November 14, 19.00 UTC * '''Tool of the week''' ** [[:w:Template:Cite Q|Template:Cite Q]] on Wikipedia makes it easier to use Wikidata items as Wikipedia references. * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** The [[m:Wikibase Community User Group/Meetings/November 2020|next Wikibase live session]] is 16:00 UTC on Thursday 12 November 2020 [https://calendar.google.com/event?action=TEMPLATE&tmeid=NThtZjhranRmMjAxYzg2dTYwNGhxdmVxNzQgY183MXZ0MTdhNXFtbTFnYXFlNm1wdjNpYW9kc0Bn&tmsrc=c_71vt17a5qmm1gaqe6mpv3iaods%40group.calendar.google.com (Add to calendar)]. Come and share-out anything new or exciting that’s been happening with your Wikibase instance; what have you been doing recently, what is working well, what has been challenging for you - we would like to hear them all! ** Remember to claim your Cloud VPS project and mark it as <code><nowiki>{{Used}}</nowiki></code>. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2020-November/094014.html Unclaimed projects risk being suspended or shutdown on 2020-12-01]. ** [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikidata/2020-November/014385.html Wrap up of the feedback about bug reports and feature requests] * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P8763|birth rate]], [[:d:Property:P8764|port calls]], [[:d:Property:P8766|rank insignia]], [[:d:Property:P8768|online catalog]], [[:d:Property:P8770|format as language specific regular expression]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P8761|Sports-Reference.com college football school ID]], [[:d:Property:P8762|NCAA Statistics team season ID]], [[:d:Property:P8765|Royal Horticultural Society plant ID]], [[:d:Property:P8767|EGAFD ID]], [[:d:Property:P8769|Ontology of units of Measure 2.0 unit ID]], [[:d:Property:P8771|Vélib' Métropole station ID]], [[:d:Property:P8772|Blogger user profile ID]], [[:d:Property:P8773|Malmö Museer ID]], [[:d:Property:P8774|MTMT journal ID]], [[:d:Property:P8775|Soccerway stadium ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/favicon|favicon]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Dedicated heritage institution|Dedicated heritage institution]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/MetaSat ID|MetaSat ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/epithet|epithet]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Poverty incidence (Philippines)|Poverty incidence (Philippines)]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/covid info|covid info]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/filestore|filestore]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/AniDB tag ID|AniDB tag ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ClassInd audiovisual work ID|ClassInd audiovisual work ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ClassInd game ID|ClassInd game ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Qobuz label ID|Qobuz label ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/IMMuB album ID|IMMuB album ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/FIS grass skier ID|FIS grass skier ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/AlKindi ID|AlKindi ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/French Paralympic and Sports Committee athlete ID|French Paralympic and Sports Committee athlete ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Mathematical Sciences Research Institute personal profile ID|Mathematical Sciences Research Institute personal profile ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Mathematical Sciences Research Institute institution profile ID|Mathematical Sciences Research Institute institution profile ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/EIK|EIK]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/edition humboldt digital ID|edition humboldt digital ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/European Film Awards ID|European Film Awards ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Memorial Book for the victims of National Socialism at the University of Vienna 1938|Memorial Book for the victims of National Socialism at the University of Vienna 1938]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/IMMuB artist ID|IMMuB artist ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/AIWARDS ID|AIWARDS ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/LIMIS person ID|LIMIS person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/IAFD distributor ID|IAFD distributor ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** [https://w.wiki/kJK Terminus locations of A Roads in Britain] ([https://twitter.com/philbgorman/status/1324463176453337088 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/kjM POTUS/UK PM age at inauguration/appointment and England mean age] ([https://twitter.com/WikidataFacts/status/1324156826087206913 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/jxY Map of (public-sector) winners of H2020 projects in the Netherlands sortable by year] ([https://twitter.com/alastairdunning/status/1323663645348401154 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/ke7 People who have held the positions of both Vice President and President of the United States] ([https://twitter.com/TobiasHellmund/status/1324072992880603146 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/jqY Crew of missions to the ISS and human spaceflights that have docked with the ISS] ([https://twitter.com/Tagishsimon/status/1323284604959207426 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/kfy Graph of reasons UK MPs have left Parliament, grouped by decade since the 1890s] ([https://twitter.com/generalising/status/1325557952024076290 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/kes Number of successful UK election petitions by parliamentary term, 1859 onwards (includes by-elections as well as general elections)] ([https://twitter.com/generalising/status/1325477802985058306 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/kea List of longest Cars] ([https://twitter.com/quicoprol/status/1325454920288522242 Source]) * '''Development''' ** Continuing work with the WMF search team to automatically categorize WDQS queries to see how they can better be served ** Query Builder work is continuing. Next step is making it possible to create a query with an arbitrary Property instead of the currently hard-coded post code. ** Feedback round for the REST API is finishing this week and then we will review all the feedback and make changes to the spec accordingly. ** Preparing to release 1.35 version of Wikibase docker image ([[phab:T264538]]) ** Fixed Math extension to not require JS parser which caused issues creating new Statements for mathematical formulae ([[phab:T266673]]) ** Made sure there is a meaningful edit summary when deleting a Lexeme ([[phab:T263435]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2020 11 09|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 14:54, 9 Nuwamba, 2020 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=20618981 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #442 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' ** Upcoming: [https://www.twitch.tv/belett live SPARQL queries] on Twitch and in French by Vigneron, November 17 at 18:00 CET ** Upcoming: [https://swib.org/ SWIB20 (Semantic Web in Libraries) conference], multiple Wikidata-related presentations, free and online, November 23-27 ** Upcoming: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Sweden/Swedish Riksdag documents/Kopplingssprint|Editathon (or "connection sprint") on parliamentarian documents in Swedish]], November 20 ** Upcoming: Next [[Wikidata:WikiProject_Linked_Data_for_Production#LD4-Wikidata_Affinity_Group|Linked Data for Libraries LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group]] call: [[m:User:Dan Shick (WMDE)|Dan Shick]] on creating and managing community documentation, November 17. [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1i_OONeNl7XZbo5un81bYHFx0wOp2ErSKYjGnfIHel9Y/edit?usp=sharing Agenda] ** Upcoming: [[d:Wikidata:Events/Swedish_online_editathon#Meetup_#39|Online Wikidata meetup in Swedish #39]], November 22 ** Past: [https://github.com/elixir-europe/BioHackathon-projects-2020 ELIXIR BioHackathon 2020] updates: *** Project #13: >20 thousand PDB ligand identifiers added and new formatter URL: https://twitter.com/ESchymanski/status/1326875606177492993 *** Project #33: Using wikidata query service in the taxon_mapper in [http://oxalis.br.fgov.be:8181 Molseq - connecting molecular (genbank) and specimen (GBIF) data app] *** Project #35: Video: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gnEaa9zHSos ELIXIR BioHackathon Europe 2020 Introduction to ShEx/Entity Schemas] with Wikidata starting at 18:00 * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** Upcoming: [https://www.meetup.com/en-AU/Krakow-Graph-Academy/events/274359758/ Wikidata Knowledge graph] (in Polish) by Zbyszko Papierski on Wednesday, 18 November 2020 6:45 pm to 9:30 pm GMT+1 ** Video: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ywsRcnlQ198 A Linked and Open Bibliography for Aegean Glyptic in the Bronze Age] by Martina Trognitz, recorded in April 2019 ** Video: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gnEaa9zHSos ELIXIR BioHackathon Europe 2020 Introduction to ShEx/Entity Schemas] ** Video: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PJ__UqgpDDk Introduction to Gene Wiki] ** Video: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=abbeFWHdTaw ISB Biocuration 2020 Online Workshop: Genewiki 2 Methodology - Updating with bots] ** Video: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3vJrsUQIbV4 An Introduction to Wikibase and Wikidata]. Barbara Fischer and Sarah Hartmann ** Video: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KbnX2VSf4Hs LIVE Wikidata editing #24] ** Video: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SzfC3KFqmPs Programming for Cultural Heritage: Using Python to retrieve data from Wikidata] ** Video: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NOvlkAzCdrA Wikipedia & Wikidata for Middle East Librarians] ** Video: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AyT0Qy8H-dI&t=246s OpenStreetMap & Wikidata using Sophox] - OpenStreetMap US Connect 2020 ** Video: Adding Pashas to Wikidata. 7 videos: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PflmQn_SFbg Wikipedia to OpenRefine], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wFmEePPYY_Y Standardizing dates], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fonr9Su4ZhQ Standardizing names in OpenRefine], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WUgO8Tkhu6s Wikidata reconciliation], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T30k1AzLc6Q Adding additional data], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JXlHWUhowxw Combining Arabic and English Lists], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hty7PJRabQg Wikidata Schema] ** Blogpost: [https://blog.wikimedia.org.uk/2020/10/introducing-mapping-the-scottish-reformation-clerics-manuscripts-and-open-data/ Introducing Mapping the Scottish Reformation: Clerics, Manuscripts, and Open Data]. ''"Most of the individuals we have found are obviously relatively obscure and have no item entry in Wikidata...As such, we have created around one thousand new items over the last two months, all of which serve as a framework to record the key parameters of a cleric’s career".'' * '''Tool of the week''' ** [https://alec-demo.herokuapp.com/ ALEC] (A List of Everything Cool) is a tool to explore biodiversity content in Wikidata. * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** Join the upcoming [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikimedia-l/2020-November/095862.html #1Lib1Ref Wikipedia campaign] from January 15th to February 5th 2021 and improve Wikidata items by adding references to statements. * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P8786|dedicated heritage entity]], [[:d:Property:P8789|defining mutations]], [[:d:Property:P8791|digitised by]], [[:d:Property:P8798|for color scheme]], [[:d:Property:P8810|parent (unspecified)]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P8774|MTMT journal ID]], [[:d:Property:P8775|Soccerway stadium ID]], [[:d:Property:P8776|IMVDb music video ID]], [[:d:Property:P8777|NCAA Statistics coach ID]], [[:d:Property:P8778|Docker Hub repository]], [[:d:Property:P8779|USL League One ID]], [[:d:Property:P8780|Portuguese Football Federation ID]], [[:d:Property:P8782|ClassInd game ID]], [[:d:Property:P8783|AAGM people ID]], [[:d:Property:P8784|AAGM site ID]], [[:d:Property:P8785|AniDB tag ID]], [[:d:Property:P8787|UAF person ID]], [[:d:Property:P8788|Dignity Memorial person ID]], [[:d:Property:P8790|Opera Online performer ID]], [[:d:Property:P8792|Bioweb Ecuador ID]], [[:d:Property:P8793|Decorati onorificenze repubblica ID]], [[:d:Property:P8794|BBFC reference]], [[:d:Property:P8795|AlKindi ID]], [[:d:Property:P8796|FilmPolski press collection ID]], [[:d:Property:P8797|French Paralympic and Sports Committee athlete ID]], [[:d:Property:P8799|Twitch tag ID]], [[:d:Property:P8800|European Film Awards ID]], [[:d:Property:P8801|MSRI institution ID]], [[:d:Property:P8802|MSRI person ID]], [[:d:Property:P8803|stolpersteine-berlin.de Stolperstein identifier]], [[:d:Property:P8804|stolpersteine-hamburg.de Stolperstein identifier]], [[:d:Property:P8805|LIMIS person ID]], [[:d:Property:P8806|NSDOK Stolperstein identifier]], [[:d:Property:P8807|stolpersteine-bremen.de Stolperstein identifier]], [[:d:Property:P8808|snublestein.no Stolperstein identifier]], [[:d:Property:P8809|AIWARDS ID]], [[:d:Property:P8811|Twitch team ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/use as citation in Wikimedia page|use as citation in Wikimedia page]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/GitLab username|GitLab username]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/given name identical to this family name|given name identical to this family name]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/population connectée|population connectée]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/indexed in bibliographic review|indexed in bibliographic review]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ISDS ID|ISDS ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/inscription image|inscription image]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Wanfang article ID|Wanfang article ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CQVIP article ID|CQVIP article ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada|Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CIP data sheet|CIP data sheet]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/IMMuB artist ID|IMMuB artist ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/IAFD distributor ID|IAFD distributor ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Swiss-Gym Male ID|Swiss-Gym Male ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Swiss-Gym Female ID|Swiss-Gym Female ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/FISG person ID|FISG person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Ligue 1 player ID|Ligue 1 player ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Ligue 2 player ID|Ligue 2 player ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/AAA ID|AAA ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Museum Day ID|Museum Day ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/TeachMe tutor ID|TeachMe tutor ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ISOF place|ISOF place]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CRGPG ID|CRGPG ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Visages du diocèse d'Autun ID|Visages du diocèse d'Autun ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Geneall ID|Geneall ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Namuwiki (2)|Namuwiki (2)]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Union des artistes ID|Union des artistes ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Kinorium Movie ID|Kinorium Movie ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Kinorium Person ID|Kinorium Person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Prêtres du diocèse de Quimper ID|Prêtres du diocèse de Quimper ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Union Catalog of Armenian Libraries authority ID|Union Catalog of Armenian Libraries authority ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Restaurant Guru Restaurant ID|Restaurant Guru Restaurant ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Foodlocate Restaurant ID|Foodlocate Restaurant ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Musica Brasilis ID|Musica Brasilis ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/IEV number|IEV number]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CONOR authority IDs|CONOR authority IDs]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/LibraryThing venue ID|LibraryThing venue ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/BPI ID|BPI ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/PromoDj ID|PromoDj ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Salzburgwiki|Salzburgwiki]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Drizly Product ID|Drizly Product ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Baijiahao ID|Baijiahao ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ESPN men's college basketball team ID|ESPN men's college basketball team ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** [https://w.wiki/mR9 Rivers and canals in the United Kingdom]. ***[https://w.wiki/mPZ Map of images taken for the Wicipics photography campaign in Wales] ([https://twitter.com/WICI_LLGC/status/1327251837452476416 Source]) ***[https://w.wiki/mH8 Number of people and terms of UK parties since the 1945 election] ([https://twitter.com/generalising/status/1327035156092366854 Source]) ***[https://w.wiki/mWQ UK MPs who have voluntarily resigned their seats and then come back for a different seat in the same Parliament] ([https://twitter.com/generalising/status/1327590977180233728 Source]) ***[https://w.wiki/bo6 Media articles, public documents and academic references on backward/cluster-focused contact tracing (including models)] ([https://twitter.com/Francis_Aln/status/1326983559769370625 Source]) ***[https://w.wiki/mSf Date of birth of current French prefects and their sources] ([https://twitter.com/WikidataFacts/status/1326864873838481408 Source]) ***[http://w.wiki/6c3 Protected heritage related to the Camino in the Basque Country] ([https://twitter.com/theklaneh/status/1326498097837600768 Source]) ***[https://w.wiki/m7Z Living 'notable' people with the given name "Karen" per 100k per country] ([https://twitter.com/generalising/status/1326634340449718273 Source]) ***[https://w.wiki/kzP Paintings in the Suter Art Gallery] ([https://twitter.com/SiobhanLeachman/status/1326301937998864385 Source]) ***[https://w.wiki/mSh Chilean ministers who were not educated at any high school] ([https://twitter.com/WikidataFacts/status/1326286864924471296 Source]) ***[https://w.wiki/kxm Age of US presidents start and end time] ([https://twitter.com/infovarius/status/1326184191688650752 Source]) ***[https://w.wiki/kPz Map of Welsh Railways] ([https://twitter.com/WIKI_NLW/status/1326081898179923968 Source]) ***[https://w.wiki/ktf Connections of railways of the Netherlands] ([https://twitter.com/janedarnell/status/1326093149450756096 Source]) ***[https://w.wiki/mi7 Distinct languages of Wikidata lexemes]. Top 5 are Russian-101144, English-69066, Latin-32106, Hebrew-28286 and Basque-22904.([https://twitter.com/jsamwrites/status/1328050792507592705 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/mf7 Death place of all Basque people with known birthplace on Wikipedia, by century]. [https://kepler.gl/demo/map/carto?mapId=91c00ff3-8d37-a26b-8ccc-8488a2665dba&owner=galder158&privateMap=false Interactive map on kepler.gl] ([https://twitter.com/theklaneh/status/1327919565905379328 Source]) * '''Development''' ** Added "Random lexeme" link under dedicated section for lexicographical data in the Wikidata sidebar ([[phab:T205525]]). Thanks to [[d:User:Matěj Suchánek|Matěj Suchánek]]! ** Working on language/spelling variant selector bug on Special:NewItem and Special:NewLexeme that makes it difficult to continue creating Items or Lexemes ([[phab:T266638]]) ** Work on the Query Builder continues. We're focusing on making it possible to query for all Items with a specific Property but any value next. ** Went over all the feedback we have received for the REST API specification draft. Overall the feedback is positive and really useful. So we will move ahead after thinking more about the remaining points that were raised. ** Working on making changes to descriptions show up in the RecentChanges feed and watchlists on Wikipedia and co as well even if they are not explicitly used ([[phab:T191831]]) ** Fixed a problem adding statements with Properties of datatype mathematical formula ([[phab:T266496]]) ** Kicked off our new effort to implement a predictable release cycle and release infrastructure for Wikibase suite by creating a prototype build workflow ([[phab:T267553]]) and prototype test workflow ([[phab:T267554]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2020 11 16|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 16:15, 16 Nuwamba, 2020 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=20640737 --> == ikidata weekly summary #443 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' ** Past: Wikidata Workshop 2020 presentations [https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLyM3N1A-gEXt0vShpqDCw6x9T95ok9aj_ YouTube playlist] ** Upcoming: [https://www.twitch.tv/belett live SPARQL queries] on Twitch and in French by Vigneron, November 24 at 18:00 CET ** Upcoming: [https://events.ccc.de/2020/09/04/rc3-remote-chaos-experience/#english rC3, the remote version of the Chaos Communication Congress], on December 27-30. Like in previous years, the WikipakaWG will host sessions and workshops related to Wikidata and other Wikimedia projects. The [https://cfp.verschwoerhaus.de/rc3-2020/cfp call for participation] is open until November 30th. ** Upcoming: [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/african-wikimedians/2020-November/002037.html Ghana Histo Cita-thon]. Friday 27th November 2020. 9am to 2pm UTC. ** Upcoming: [[d:Wikidata:Events/Swedish_online_editathon#Meetup_#40|Online Wikidata meetup in Swedish #40]], November 29 * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** [https://xn--fundaci-r0a.cat/wikidata-la-base-de-dades-collaborativa-per-a-maquines-i-humans/ Wikidata, the collaborative database for machines and humans]. Blogpost by Àlex Hinojo (in Catalan) ** [https://blog.wikimedia.de/2020/11/18/24-stunden-open-data-das-meetup-zum-achten-wikidata-geburtstag/ 24 hours of open data - The meetup for the eighth Wikidata birthday], Blogpost by Lea Lacroix (in German) ** [https://wikimedia.se/2020/11/17/framtiden-for-riksdagens-data-i-wikidata/?_thumbnail_id=10186 The future of the Riksdag's data in Wikidata]. Blogpost by Jan Ainali (in Swedish) ** [https://doi.org/10.1093/NAR/GKAA1024 WikiPathways: connecting communities]: research article outlining, among other things, how Wikidata is used and integrated ** [http://www.bobdc.com/blog/osmpluswikidata/ Using SPARQL to combine Wikidata and OSM triples] ** [https://zenodo.org/record/4279611#.X7bTTSWPWEf ANN: A platform to annotate text with Wikidata IDs] (report) ''"Report of the work done by the Ann team at the eLife Sprint 2020. It describes the effort pursued towards a system for universal annotation of biomedical articles using the collaborative knowledge graph of Wikidata".'' ** TU Dresden lecture on Knowledge Graphs (replay) *** Wikidata introduction - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BKr8Uz4PneQ YouTube] *** Content model of Wikidata - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YwhDkxDwsbA YouTube] *** How the content of Wikidata can be represented in RDF - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=su0V8OmM0pU YouTube] * '''Tool of the week''' ** [[d:User:Teester/EntityShape.js|EntityShape.js]] is a script that allows you to check an Item against an EntitySchema. On the Item page, it will display various information about the Item, like the properties that should be present on the Item. * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** The proposals phase of the [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2021|Community Wishlist Survey 2021]] is open until November 30th. You can submit wishes in various categories, like [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Wikidata|Wikidata]]. ** [https://www.semantic-mediawiki.org/wiki/SMWCon_Fall_2020 SMWCon 2020 virtual conference is from 24 to 26 November 2020]. Do not forget to register at Hopin! ** [https://kanopi.io/company/updates/2020_11_16_weekly_newsletter_9.md The note-taking app Kanopi got first pieces of Wikidata integration.] ** [http://magnusmanske.de/wordpress/?p=650 The Listeria Evolution]: Listeria has got an update ** Wikimedia Deutschland has two open positions around the Wikidata development team; [https://wikimedia-deutschland.softgarden.io/job/4361894/Full-Stack-Developer-m-f-d-/?jobDbPVId=21890437&_ga=2.117843721.1666319849.1605900771-1686350039.1605900771&l=de Full Stack Developer] and [https://wikimedia-deutschland.softgarden.io/job/8136694/Partner-Relationship-Manager-m-f-d-/?jobDbPVId=22272186&_ga=2.117843721.1666319849.1605900771-1686350039.1605900771&l=de Partner Relationship Manager] * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P8822|epithet]], [[:d:Property:P8824|attraction to]], [[:d:Property:P8839|hairstyle]], [[:d:Property:P8843|poverty incidence]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P8812|IMMuB artist ID]], [[:d:Property:P8813|IMMuB album ID]], [[:d:Property:P8814|WordNet 3.1 Synset ID]], [[:d:Property:P8815|IAFD film distributor ID]], [[:d:Property:P8816|Yandex Zen ID]], [[:d:Property:P8817|NCAA school code]], [[:d:Property:P8818|Church of Jesus Christ pioneer ID]], [[:d:Property:P8819|Pitchfork artist ID]], [[:d:Property:P8820|Monuments de mémoire ID]], [[:d:Property:P8821|Memorial Book for the Victims of National Socialism ID]], [[:d:Property:P8823|Xfinity Stream ID]], [[:d:Property:P8825|Sports-Reference.com college basketball school ID]], [[:d:Property:P8826|edition humboldt digital ID]], [[:d:Property:P8827|GitLab username]], [[:d:Property:P8828|AAA attraction ID]], [[:d:Property:P8829|Swiss-Gym Male ID]], [[:d:Property:P8830|Swiss-Gym Female ID]], [[:d:Property:P8831|Museum Day ID]], [[:d:Property:P8832|PAN member]], [[:d:Property:P8833|Union Catalog of Armenian Libraries authority ID]], [[:d:Property:P8834|MetaSat ID]], [[:d:Property:P8835|Visages du diocèse d'Autun ID]], [[:d:Property:P8836|SPOnG game ID]], [[:d:Property:P8837|Prêtres du diocèse de Quimper ID]], [[:d:Property:P8838|LibraryThing venue ID]], [[:d:Property:P8840|Union des artistes ID]], [[:d:Property:P8841|Restaurant Guru Restaurant ID]], [[:d:Property:P8842|PromoDj ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/vénéré à|vénéré à]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Number of blood donors|Number of blood donors]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/People reached|People reached]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/number of awards|number of awards]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/has positive marker|has positive marker]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ID pattern|ID pattern]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/lunar coordinates|lunar coordinates]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/adjacent to|adjacent to]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/date posted|date posted]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ITRANS|ITRANS]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/National Library at Kolkata romanization|National Library at Kolkata romanization]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/complementary property|complementary property]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/MTRCB rating|MTRCB rating]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/DBLP conference ID|DBLP conference ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/fait l'objet d'une vénération à|fait l'objet d'une vénération à]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/DriveThruComics numeric publisher identifier|DriveThruComics numeric publisher identifier]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Hyperion Records person ID|Hyperion Records person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Arken|Arken]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/AAA hotel ID|AAA hotel ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/AAA restaurant ID|AAA restaurant ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/AAA campground ID|AAA campground ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/AstroGen ID|AstroGen ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Reliwiki page ID|Reliwiki page ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Sonneveld-index|Sonneveld-index]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SIL ID|SIL ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/AniDB Episode ID|AniDB Episode ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Encyclopedia of the History of Ukraine ID|Encyclopedia of the History of Ukraine ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Lumni ID|Lumni ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Archives at Yale Names ID|Archives at Yale Names ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** [https://w.wiki/nMw Aberdeen recycling centers and recycling points] ([https://twitter.com/watty62/status/1330154154858262528 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/my4 Map of Semantic Web in Libraries 2020 participant's institutions] (federated query) ([https://twitter.com/nichtich/status/1329712307967037440 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/mYx Women who play chess and have a Wikipedia article in Spanish] (They are 132 while men have 899 entries) ([https://twitter.com/Wikimedia_mx/status/1329540876633317381 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/nFz Timeline of Dietary Advocates] ([https://twitter.com/SciHiBlog/status/1329472653833482244 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/nag Philosophers born between 0 and 500 grouped by the decade where they lived] ([https://twitter.com/inforapid/status/1330435382211727360 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/naJ Video games from ''?country''] (template) ([https://twitter.com/JeanFred/status/1329103807272407043 Source]) * '''Development''' ** Query Builder: We're making it possible to switch between querying for specific values (e.g. all Items with a specific post code) or any value (all Items with a post code statement regardless of which one it is) ** Correcting the behaviour of what automatically happens on Wikidata when a page is moved on Wikipedia and co to an excluded namespace with the "suppress redirect" option ([[phab:T261275]]) ** Making language fallback indicators not show up for language variant fallbacks in a few more places ([[phab:T267502]]) ** Adding html language attributes for statements linking to Forms and Senses ([[phab:T267023]]) ** Working on language and lexical category fields turning red on unfocus even though no changes are made after a change in ooui ([[phab:T266936]]) ** Finished building the 1.35 versions of the Wikibase base and bundle docker images and published to [https://hub.docker.com/r/wikibase/wikibase dockerhub] ([[phab:T264538]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2020 11 23|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 17:21, 23 Nuwamba, 2020 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=20699822 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #444 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' **Upcoming: Next Linked Data for Libraries LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group call: We will have several speakers joining us to discuss their projects in lightning talks, 1 December. [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1zcTZEmk8yTgmTug3oYFuG_gEn6E5O-tweomgzuqWY0M/edit# Agenda] ** Upcoming: WMF search platform team office hour, Wednesday, December 2nd, 2020. 16:00-17:00 GMT / 08:00-09:00 PST / 11:00-12:00 EST / 17:00-18:00 CET. [https://etherpad.wikimedia.org/p/Search_Platform_Office_Hours Etherpad], [https://meet.google.com/vyc-jvgq-dww Google Meet]. You can come and chat about the Wikidata & Commons Query Service. ** Online edition of the [[m:Coolest Tool Award|Wikimedia Coolest Tool Award]] ceremony, on Friday, December 11th at 17:00 UTC. ** Upcoming: [[d:Wikidata:Events/Swedish_online_editathon#Meetup_#41|Online Wikidata meetup in Swedish #41]], December 6 * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** [https://arxiv.org/pdf/2011.05841.pdf Linking OpenStreetMap with knowledge graphs — Link discovery for schema-agnostic volunteered geographic information] (the KGs referred to are Wikidata & DBPedia) ** [https://www.kcl.ac.uk/giwl/assets/covid-media-analysis.pdf "Women’s representation and voice in media coverage of the coronavirus crisis"]: an analysis linking news articles to information on Wikipedia and Wikidata. **[http://lubianat.github.io/wikidata_bib Wikidata Bib v0], prototype for personalized analytics of scientific readings using Wikidata. ** Video: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-NXbPOAjZBY Strategies for Assembling the Biodiversity Knowledge Graph] by Roderic Page ** Video: Semantic Web in Libraries 2020 (replay) *** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_a_W3_i4L6o ORCID for Wikidata: A workflow for matching author and publication items in Wikidata] *** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OvcBBRZ_sUM id.loc.gov and Wikidata, one year later] * '''Tool of the week''' **[https://github.com/NicolasTe/osm2kg osm2kg] is a tool to facilitate matching Wikidata entries to OSM nodes. * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikidata/2020-November/014398.html The second edition of the Coolest Tool Award will happen online on Friday 11 December 2020 at 17:00 UTC] The awarded tools will be showcased in a virtual event, with broadcasted video and chat channels for socializing. ** The University of Nevada has an open position around Wikidata; [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikidata/2020-November/014392.html Digital Collections Wikimedian-in-Residence] ** Round 2 of the consultation on using Wikidata for curriculum digitization begun on November 24<sup>th</sup>, and will end on December 7<sup>th</sup>. You can participate by sharing your ideas in [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdL_LDiknFo-o2D7mbiaIqfcPP6y-s182LfuBD1QTU9m5TwZA/viewform this response form] (Google forms) ** [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikidata/2020-November/014399.html Wiki Movimento Brasil will support WikidataCon 2021] ** [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikidata/2020-November/014402.html Wikidata descriptions changes will be included more often in Recent Changes and Watchlist on Wikimedia wikis] * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P8852|facial hair]], [[:d:Property:P8864|identity element]], [[:d:Property:P8865|mathematical inverse]], [[:d:Property:P8866|has operator]], [[:d:Property:P8872|has marker]], [[:d:Property:P8874|Hong Kong film rating]], [[:d:Property:P8875|indexed in bibliographic review]], [[:d:Property:P8876|number of taxpayers]], [[:d:Property:P8881|ITRANS]], [[:d:Property:P8882|complementary property]], [[:d:Property:P8884|number of points/goals attempted]], [[:d:Property:P8887|Water area]], [[:d:Property:P8889|MTRCB rating]], [[:d:Property:P8890|power consumption index]], [[:d:Property:P8891|heating energy consumption index]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P8844|Absolute Games person ID]], [[:d:Property:P8845|FIS grass skier ID]], [[:d:Property:P8846|FISG athlete ID]], [[:d:Property:P8847|Kinorium movie ID]], [[:d:Property:P8848|CONOR.AL ID]], [[:d:Property:P8849|CONOR.BG ID]], [[:d:Property:P8850|CONOR.KS ID]], [[:d:Property:P8851|CONOR.SR ID]], [[:d:Property:P8853|Musica Brasilis ID]], [[:d:Property:P8854|Salzburgwiki ID]], [[:d:Property:P8855|IEV number]], [[:d:Property:P8856|British Phonographic Industry ID]], [[:d:Property:P8857|CRGPG ID]], [[:d:Property:P8858|Drizly product ID]], [[:d:Property:P8860|Canada Business Number]], [[:d:Property:P8861|FINA Wiki ID]], [[:d:Property:P8862|Foodlocate restaurant ID]], [[:d:Property:P8863|Qobuz label ID]], [[:d:Property:P8867|AAA campground ID]], [[:d:Property:P8868|AAA hotel ID]], [[:d:Property:P8869|AAA restaurant ID]], [[:d:Property:P8870|Hyperion Records person ID]], [[:d:Property:P8871|Southwest Harbor Public Library item ID]], [[:d:Property:P8873|DriveThruComics numeric publisher identifier]], [[:d:Property:P8877|Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada ID]], [[:d:Property:P8878|HLTV player ID]], [[:d:Property:P8879|Kinorium person ID]], [[:d:Property:P8880|AstroGen ID]], [[:d:Property:P8883|BBC sound effects asset ID]], [[:d:Property:P8885|Namuwiki ID]], [[:d:Property:P8886|CIP data sheet]], [[:d:Property:P8888|AniDB episode ID]], [[:d:Property:P8892|edition humboldt digital Flora ID]], [[:d:Property:P8893|Sistema de Información Legislativa ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ELSPA rating|ELSPA rating]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/cites work string|cites work string]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/artistic director|artistic director]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/MDJF ID|MDJF ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Coordinates of depicted place|Coordinates of depicted place]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/first family name in Portuguese name|first family name in Portuguese name]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/propriétés à éviter|propriétés à éviter]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Commons category for the view from the item|Commons category for the view from the item]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Filmstriben film-ID|Filmstriben film-ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Mailing List|Mailing List]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/provides HTML microdata|provides HTML microdata]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/provides JSON-LD data|provides JSON-LD data]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/vets.cz ID|vets.cz ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Parler ID|Parler ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/HAL Journal id|HAL Journal id]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Fitzwilliam Museum ID|Fitzwilliam Museum ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/National Gallery of Australia ID|National Gallery of Australia ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/U.S. Masters Swimming ID|U.S. Masters Swimming ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Gab ID|Gab ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Museo del Prado ID|Museo del Prado ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/National Gallery of Ireland ID|National Gallery of Ireland ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Auckland Art Gallery ID|Auckland Art Gallery ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Artfacts ID|Artfacts ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Order of Canada ID|Order of Canada ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SKD ID|SKD ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/DIA ID|DIA ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ZOBODAT|ZOBODAT]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/AppGallery app ID|AppGallery app ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Czech Gymnastics athlete ID|Czech Gymnastics athlete ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Students of Prague Universities ID|Students of Prague Universities ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Amsterdam Museum ID|Amsterdam Museum ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/theses.cz ID|theses.cz ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/curid|curid]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** [https://w.wiki/nhq Politicians with an account at GitHub, CPAN, or Wikimedia] ([https://twitter.com/nichtich/status/1330886648880619522 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/nir Percentage of deaths caused by tuberculosis by decade] ([https://twitter.com/sandpapier/status/1330930615810744322 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/nja Number of programming languages and their paradigms] ([https://twitter.com/jsamwrites/status/1330950329660305408 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/o7F Museums within 2 miles of MoMA] (federated query) ([https://twitter.com/edwardbetts/status/1331969708887826432 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/mYg Largest cities of the world ordered by population] ([https://twitter.com/Wikimedia_mx/status/1332207421230632961 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/oHz Italian politicians who served as a minister in more than one cabinet since 1990] ([https://twitter.com/i_m_andrea/status/1332321608829198337 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/ohG People born after 1800 whose “name in native language” is in Latin] ([https://twitter.com/WikidataFacts/status/1333024285657591809 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/ohH UK statues and whether they are of nobles and/or women] ([https://twitter.com/WikidataFacts/status/1332782739284779009 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/ohK Location of German cities with a population count greater than 50.000] ([https://twitter.com/robbi5/status/1332757685247348736 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/oNW Map of medicines used (green) to fight infectious diseases (orange)] ([https://twitter.com/theklaneh/status/1332596090391195650 Source]) ** Schema examples: [[d:EntitySchema:E125|museum]] * '''Development''' ** Development on the Query Builder is continuing. You can follow along at https://query-builder-test.toolforge.org ** Fixed an issue where language fallback indicators were still shown when falling back from a variant of the language ([[phab:T267502]]) ** Fixed an issue on Lexeme pages where language and lexical category fields turn red on unfocus even though no changes were made ([[phab:T266936]]) ** Working on improving what happens to sitelinks when an article is moved to a unsupported namespace ([[phab:T261275)]]) ** Investigating a significant increase in skipped Item IDs ([[phab:T268625]]) ** Addressing the feedback for the draft of the REST API spec [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2020 11 30|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 15:44, 30 Nuwamba, 2020 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=20706846 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #445 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''Discussions''' ** [[d:User talk:ChristianKl/Draft:ProposeDeletion|Comment]] on a [[d:User:ChristianKl/Draft:ProposeDeletion|proposal for proposed deletion system]] * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' ** Upcoming: [[w:pt:Wikipédia:Edit-a-thon/Atividades em português/Wikidata Lab XXVI|Wikidata Lab XXVI: Structured citations module on Wikipedia]], presented in English by [[user:Mike Peel|Mike Peel]] ([[m:Wiki Movimento Brasil|Wiki Movimento Brasil]]). The event is supported by a [[m:Wikicite/e-scholarship/Mike Peel (Cite Q improvements)|WikiCite e-scholarship]]. December 8th 17:00 UTC (14:00 BRT), via [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC2AiaRHVesjQYv3pbq5qpdQ YouTube]. ** Upcoming: [https://www.twitch.tv/belett live SPARQL queries] on Twitch and in French by Vigneron, December 8 at 18:00 CET ** Upcoming: Wikimedia 2020 Coolest Tool Award Ceremony, December 11th at 17:00 GMT ([[m:Coolest_Tool_Award#Coolest_Tool_Award_2020|details]]) ** Upcoming: [[d:Wikidata:Events/Swedish_online_editathon#Meetup_#42|Online Wikidata meetup in Swedish #42]], December 13 * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** [https://www.washingtonpost.com/history/2020/12/01/slavery-database-family-genealogy/ A massive new effort to name millions sold into bondage during the transatlantic slave trade]. The Washington Post writes about [http://enslaved.org enslaved.org], a Wikibase instance run at Michigan State University, that collects and creates Linked Open Data about the transatlantic slave trade. ([https://twitter.com/johl/status/1334548022244614148 Source]) ** Video: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IV2tjuYLEyc Introduction to Wikidata by and with Alicia Fagerving from Wikipedia Day 2020] ** Video: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jE9ZvwYCNnQ How to use Wikidata Mix'n'match tool] - YouTube ** Video: Semantic Web in Libraries 2020 (replay) *** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YNI6ty4gpDw Linking K10plus library union catalog with Wikidata] *** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4tzlOeDBG9c Building Wikidata One Branch of Knowledge at a Time] * '''Tool of the week''' ** [[d:User:Zvpunry/EntitySchemaHighlighter.js|User:Zvpunry/EntitySchemaHighlighter.js]] user script highlights the entities in the content of a Schema and shows information when hovering the link. (2020-12-07) * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** We now have a central repository for [https://github.com/maxlath/wikibase-cli-template-collection wikibase-cli templates], with the aim to document best practices, offer general purpose request/create/edit templates, but also offer more niche templates as examples of what's possible: contributions and template requests welcome! * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P8864|identity element]], [[:d:Property:P8865|mathematical inverse]], [[:d:Property:P8866|has operator]], [[:d:Property:P8872|has marker]], [[:d:Property:P8874|Hong Kong film rating]], [[:d:Property:P8875|indexed in bibliographic review]], [[:d:Property:P8876|number of taxpayers]], [[:d:Property:P8881|ITRANS]], [[:d:Property:P8882|complementary property]], [[:d:Property:P8884|number of points/goals attempted]], [[:d:Property:P8887|water area]], [[:d:Property:P8889|MTRCB rating]], [[:d:Property:P8890|power consumption index]], [[:d:Property:P8891|heating energy consumption index]], [[:d:Property:P8898|road name formatter]], [[:d:Property:P8901|ELSPA rating]], [[:d:Property:P8927|kunya]], [[:d:Property:P8929|religion or world view]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P8861|FINA Wiki ID]], [[:d:Property:P8862|Foodlocate restaurant ID]], [[:d:Property:P8863|Qobuz label ID]], [[:d:Property:P8867|AAA campground ID]], [[:d:Property:P8868|AAA hotel ID]], [[:d:Property:P8869|AAA restaurant ID]], [[:d:Property:P8870|Hyperion Records person ID]], [[:d:Property:P8871|Southwest Harbor Public Library item ID]], [[:d:Property:P8873|DriveThruComics numeric publisher identifier]], [[:d:Property:P8877|Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada ID]], [[:d:Property:P8878|HLTV player ID]], [[:d:Property:P8879|Kinorium person ID]], [[:d:Property:P8880|AstroGen ID]], [[:d:Property:P8883|BBC sound effects asset ID]], [[:d:Property:P8885|Namuwiki ID]], [[:d:Property:P8886|CIP data sheet]], [[:d:Property:P8888|AniDB episode ID]], [[:d:Property:P8892|edition humboldt digital Flora ID]], [[:d:Property:P8893|Sistema de Información Legislativa ID]], [[:d:Property:P8894|BG EIK]], [[:d:Property:P8895|All the Tropes identifier]], [[:d:Property:P8896|Concise Literary Encyclopedia ID]], [[:d:Property:P8897|Reliwiki page ID]], [[:d:Property:P8899|Arken ID]], [[:d:Property:P8900|HuijiWiki Wiki ID]], [[:d:Property:P8902|Archives at Yale names ID]], [[:d:Property:P8903|HAL journal id]], [[:d:Property:P8904|Parler username]], [[:d:Property:P8905|Museo del Prado ID]], [[:d:Property:P8906|National Gallery of Ireland ID]], [[:d:Property:P8907|Auckland Art Gallery artwork ID]], [[:d:Property:P8908|CINE21 film ID]], [[:d:Property:P8909|National Gallery of Australia ID]], [[:d:Property:P8910|Fitzwilliam Museum ID]], [[:d:Property:P8911|Sonneveld-index]], [[:d:Property:P8912|Kicker.de player ID (actual scheme)]], [[:d:Property:P8913|NSSDCA ID]], [[:d:Property:P8914|ZOBODAT person ID]], [[:d:Property:P8915|ZOBODAT taxon ID]], [[:d:Property:P8916|DIA ID]], [[:d:Property:P8917|SKD ID]], [[:d:Property:P8918|Max Movie film ID]], [[:d:Property:P8919|Gab username]], [[:d:Property:P8920|Movist film ID]], [[:d:Property:P8921|KOBIS ID]], [[:d:Property:P8922|Amsterdam Museum ID]], [[:d:Property:P8923|SMB-digital ID]], [[:d:Property:P8924|State Catalogue of the Museum Fund of Russia artwork ID]], [[:d:Property:P8925|CQVIP article ID]], [[:d:Property:P8926|DBLP conference ID]], [[:d:Property:P8928|Filmstriben film-ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/cites work string|cites work string]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/artistic director|artistic director]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/MDJF ID|MDJF ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Coordinates of depicted place|Coordinates of depicted place]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/first family name in Portuguese name|first family name in Portuguese name]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/propriétés à éviter|propriétés à éviter]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Commons category for the view from the item|Commons category for the view from the item]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Mailing List|Mailing List]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/curid|curid]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/provides HTML microdata|provides HTML microdata]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/provides JSON-LD data|provides JSON-LD data]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/archaeological site of|archaeological site of]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/does not have cause|does not have cause]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/conductor for|conductor for]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/reason for normal rank|reason for normal rank]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/value is one of|value is one of]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/tribunsdelaplebe.fr ID|tribunsdelaplebe.fr ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/lineage marker|lineage marker]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/has surface|has surface]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/DBLP journal id|DBLP journal id]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/U.S. Masters Swimming ID|U.S. Masters Swimming ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Artfacts ID|Artfacts ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Order of Canada ID|Order of Canada ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/AppGallery app ID|AppGallery app ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Czech Gymnastics athlete ID|Czech Gymnastics athlete ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Students of Prague Universities ID|Students of Prague Universities ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/theses.cz ID|theses.cz ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Encyklopedie mostů v Čechách, na Moravě a ve Slezsku ID|Encyklopedie mostů v Čechách, na Moravě a ve Slezsku ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CollEx-Persée ID|CollEx-Persée ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/The Galileo Project ID|The Galileo Project ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Dizionario degli artisti ID|Dizionario degli artisti ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Museo Galileo biography ID|Museo Galileo biography ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Museo Galileo authority ID|Museo Galileo authority ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Biblioteca Marciana owner ID|Biblioteca Marciana owner ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Chinese Painting Database ID|Chinese Painting Database ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/National Galleries of Scotland ID|National Galleries of Scotland ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Bavarian State Painting Collections ID|Bavarian State Painting Collections ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Chapels of southern Bohemia ID|Chapels of southern Bohemia ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Kunsthistorisches Museum ID|Kunsthistorisches Museum ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Max-Movie-Personen-ID|Max-Movie-Personen-ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CINE21 person ID|CINE21 person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Georgia Museum of Art ID|Georgia Museum of Art ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Basic Formal Ontology ID|Basic Formal Ontology ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Fichier des décès ID|Fichier des décès ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** [https://w.wiki/pZJ Russian cuisine] *** [https://w.wiki/p93 Belgian artists that rise to the public domain in 2021] ([https://twitter.com/JolanWuyts/status/1334423740915052545 Source]) *** [http://w.wiki/ocs Asian food made from noodles] ([https://twitter.com/Wikimedia_mx/status/1333977873649168384 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/oxF Bubble diagram by wiki page numbers in each language on objects kept at the Bardo National Museum (note: Commons is counted as English)] ([https://twitter.com/belett/status/1333842773498335234 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/pH5 Amusement parks around the world] ([https://twitter.com/aboutgeo/status/1333761407498727424 Source]) ** Schema examples: [[d:EntitySchema:E272|Video game]] * '''Development''' ** Simple Query Builder development continues. We worked on combining different query conditions as well as internationalisation. ** Making the precision translatable in geocoordinate and date inputs ([[phab:T269102]]) ** Changes to descriptions in a specific language now show up on watchlist and recent changes on the Wikipedia and co for that language ([[phab:T191831]]) ** Finished working on the problem of incorrectly-escaped label being included in a link to Special:NewItem if there are no search results ([[phab:T263258]]) ** Investigating why we're currently skipping a significant number of Item IDs ([[phab:T268625]]) ** Wikibase Release Strategy/Infrastructure: We have decided where to host future Docker and tarball releases of Wikibase. You can read about the details and the reasoning in the following ADRs: [https://github.com/wmde/wikibase-release-prototype/blob/main/docs/adr/0001-docker-image-repository.md Docker Image Repository], [https://github.com/wmde/wikibase-release-prototype/blob/main/docs/adr/0002-tarball-hosting.md Tarball Repository] [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** [[d:User:Yupik/Detanglement|Help untangle items]] that refer to different concepts. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2020 12 07|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 17:31, 7 Disamba 2020 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=20753468 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #446 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''Discussions''' ** New request for comments: [[d:Wikidata:Requests for comment/Adopt Help:SitelinksToRedirects as policy|Adopt Help:SitelinksToRedirects as policy]] * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' ** Upcoming: [https://www.twitch.tv/belett live SPARQL queries] on Twitch and in French by Vigneron, December 15 at 18:00 CET ** Past: [[m:WikiConference North America/2020]] ** Past: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=10jWyh-Ca84 Localization and structuring of open data-Zhu Tinghong-Wikidata Community of Local Studies] - MOPCON 2020 (replay), YouTube ** Past: SMWCon 2020/Day 2 - "Wikidata Walkabout" by Yaron Koren (replay), YouTube ** Past: [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC2AiaRHVesjQYv3pbq5qpdQ Wikidata Lab XXVI: Structured citations module on Wikipedia] (replay), YouTube * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** [https://zbw.eu/labs/en/blog/building-the-swib20-participants-map Building the SWIB20 participants map] - combining Wikidata with custom data points via a federated query (ZBW Labs). ** [http://mappingthescottishreformation.org/announcements/launch/ Introducing the Mapping the Scottish Reformation Website] - A new Wikidata-driven website to explore the Scottish Reformation. ** [https://jsamwrites.medium.com/introduction-to-querying-wikidata-knowledge-graph-using-sparql-e1e15fab4699 Introduction to Querying Wikidata Knowledge Graph using SPARQL] by John Samuel ** Video: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KmzEk8uYSf4 LIVE Wikidata editing #25 - climate change], YouTube ** Video: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F5FbsUb6Nek How to take data from OpenRefine to Wikidata through QuickStatements], YouTube ** Video: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w0vGW2vYryU Editing Wikidata live - casual session] by Jan Ainali, YouTube * '''Tool of the week''' ** <code>[http://search.datao.net/?q=david+gilmour&resource=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wikidata.org%2Fentity%2FQ5234146&endpoint=https%3A%2F%2Fquery.wikidata.org%2Fsparql&namedgraph=&interests=2096143746082&classgraph=90963820290576 datao.net]</code> is a visual tool for querying and exposing Wikidata easily. * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** The Coolest Tool Award 2020 featured some Wikidata tools: [[d:Q60024037|Lingua Libre]] won in the category “Diversity”; [https://listeria.toolforge.org/ Listeria], [https://lexeme-forms.toolforge.org/ Lexeme Forms] and [[d:Q98398855|Entity Explosion]] got honorable mentions. Congratulations! **[[d:Help:Property_constraints_portal/Recency|Complex constraint check for recency of value]] ** The voting phase of the [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2021|Community Wishlist Survey 2021]] is open until December 21st. You can vote on as many wishes as you want. There's [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Wikidata|a separate category for Wikidata]]. ** [[d:Template:Notebook Given name|Template:Notebook Given name]] is a new template which gives for each given name a list of useful SPARQL queries. The template can be used on the talk page of given names. See [[d:talk:Q16002466|Alexandre (Q16002466)]] for an example. Comments are Contributions are welcome. ** The [[m:Wikibase Community User Group/Meetings/December 2020|next Wikibase live session]] is 16:00 UTC on Thursday 17 December 2020 [https://calendar.google.com/event?action=TEMPLATE&tmeid=NnM5bWhxYTA5cmg1czMxNDY4NW9idm1pNzAgY183MXZ0MTdhNXFtbTFnYXFlNm1wdjNpYW9kc0Bn&tmsrc=c_71vt17a5qmm1gaqe6mpv3iaods%40group.calendar.google.com (Add to calendar)]. We will have a few people share out about their project in the first half of the call and then continue our conversation from the last session about what will be a better platform for community discussions. Everyone is welcome to attend! * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P8933|category for the view from the item]], [[:d:Property:P8934|mailing list archive]], [[:d:Property:P8942|word lookup]], [[:d:Property:P8952|inappropriate property for this type]], [[:d:Property:P8956|compatible with]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P8930|Church of Jesus Christ missionary ID]], [[:d:Property:P8931|Encyklopedie mostů v Čechách, na Moravě a ve Slezsku ID]], [[:d:Property:P8932|Czech Gymnastics athlete ID]], [[:d:Property:P8935|Encyclopedia of the History of Ukraine ID]], [[:d:Property:P8936|CollEx-Persée ID]], [[:d:Property:P8937|theses.cz ID]], [[:d:Property:P8939|Google Play developer slug]], [[:d:Property:P8940|AppGallery app ID]], [[:d:Property:P8941|The Galileo Project ID]], [[:d:Property:P8943|Artfacts ID]], [[:d:Property:P8944|Biblioteca Marciana owner ID]], [[:d:Property:P8945|Museo Galileo biography ID]], [[:d:Property:P8946|National Galleries of Scotland ID]], [[:d:Property:P8947|Museo Galileo authority ID]], [[:d:Property:P8948|Bavarian State Painting Collections artwork ID]], [[:d:Property:P8949|Delft municipal monument ID]], [[:d:Property:P8950|Dizionario degli artisti ID]], [[:d:Property:P8951|Order of Canada recipient ID]], [[:d:Property:P8953|Students of Prague Universities ID]], [[:d:Property:P8954|vets.cz ID]], [[:d:Property:P8955|Chapels of southern Bohemia ID]], [[:d:Property:P8957|GS1 GPC brick code]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/insufficiently precise value|insufficiently precise value]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/OpenReview.net group ID|OpenReview.net group ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/OpenReview.net submission ID|OpenReview.net submission ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/OpenReview.net profile ID|OpenReview.net profile ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/applies when property is used|applies when property is used]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/River Code|River Code]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Wikimedian in Residence|Wikimedian in Residence]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Commons compatible image available at URL (non-artwork)|Commons compatible image available at URL (non-artwork)]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/number of at bats|number of at bats]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/runs batted in|runs batted in]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/stolen bases|stolen bases]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/subdivision monétaire|subdivision monétaire]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/PBA ID|PBA ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Medieval Manuscripts in Oxford Libraries IDs|Medieval Manuscripts in Oxford Libraries IDs]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/LFH staff ID|LFH staff ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Cephalopod Ontology entity ID|Cephalopod Ontology entity ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Fungal gross anatomy entity ID|Fungal gross anatomy entity ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Plant Ontology entity ID|Plant Ontology entity ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Hymenoptera Anatomy Ontology entity ID|Hymenoptera Anatomy Ontology entity ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/DataTrek ID|DataTrek ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/DBLP publication ID|DBLP publication ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/PeriodO period ID|PeriodO period ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/KANTO|KANTO]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CITWF title ID|CITWF title ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CITWF person ID|CITWF person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/identifiant de la Cinémathèque québécoise pour une personne|identifiant de la Cinémathèque québécoise pour une personne]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Encyclopedia Titanica ID|Encyclopedia Titanica ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/DzygaMDB film|DzygaMDB film]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/DzygaMDB person ID|DzygaMDB person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/XXXBios female performer ID|XXXBios female performer ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/XXXBios transgender performer ID|XXXBios transgender performer ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/AVN movie ID|AVN movie ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Lichess Username|Lichess Username]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Evil Angel movie ID|Evil Angel movie ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Evil Angel video ID|Evil Angel video ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** [https://w.wiki/pZo All stumbling stones in the city of Hannover] *** [https://reasonator.toolforge.org/?q=Q104070264 (partial) list, timeline and gallery of successful ascents of Mount Everest (and few other summits)] *** [https://w.wiki/qFU Web & social media URLs for UK Civic Societies] ([https://twitter.com/Tagishsimon/status/1337563387505602560 Source]) *** Publication related to Research Institute of Text Analysis and Applications: [https://w.wiki/qEF no. of pages per author/year], [https://w.wiki/qEH authors network] ([https://twitter.com/espejolento/status/1337459979289149440 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/oH9 Map of the ritual objects said to be used by accused witches in Scotland (colourcoded layer accessible on top right to see the list of objects)] ([https://twitter.com/emcandre/status/1337087720108273669 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/pkL Seats of the Parliament of England, and the first year we have a named person listed for them] ([https://twitter.com/generalising/status/1336457097064689664 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/pZw Female race car drivers on Spanish Wikipedia] ([https://twitter.com/Wikimedia_mx/status/1336423828973563912 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/qWY Places of Geological Interest in Alamedilla] ([https://twitter.com/olea/status/1338431105993740288 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/pkg Number of Nature articles that were published on a Sunday in a given year] ** Schema examples: ***[[d:EntitySchema:E206|Schema for stumbling stones]] ** Newest [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProjects]]: ***[[Wikidata:WikiProject Agriculture|Agriculture]] * '''Development''' ** We spend the week doing some exploratory work for the next year. Among other things we looked into how to measure the number of constraint violations on an average Item and what we can learn from it. [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2020 12 14|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 17:42, 14 Disamba 2020 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=20753468 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #447 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' **Past: OpenAlt 2020 Conference (replay) *** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YH2n2UFr40U Wikidata: how to get involved] (in Czech) *** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b1kQJs4Y1tg Lexemes on Wikidata] (in Czech) * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** Video: HGAPS Speaker Series by Thomas Shafee *** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lN_mRmP8tJs Wikidata Overview: how you can use it to improve the overall knowledge base of the Internet] *** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xQEWrd_dz68 Wikidata Walkthrough: hands-on editing experience] ** Wikidata for Bat Collectors, [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BYvoXKBSGA8 YouTube] * '''Tool of the week''' ** '''Wikidata Live''' is a real-time visual dashboard for Wikidata edits; [http://fabriziorlandi.net/pdf/2020/ISWC2020-VOILA_Real_Time_WikiData.pdf paper], [https://isobelm.github.io/Software-Engineering/#/ interface] (visualizes recent changes to Wikidata in quasi real time). * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' **[[d:Help:Property constraints portal/Label language|Complex constraint about labels' language]] * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P8963|National Library at Kolkata romanization]], [[:d:Property:P8966|URL match pattern]], [[:d:Property:P8967|URL match replacement value]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P8958|ClassInd audiovisual work ID]], [[:d:Property:P8959|Georgia Museum of Art ID]], [[:d:Property:P8960|Kunsthistorisches Museum Wien ID]], [[:d:Property:P8961|tribunsdelaplebe.fr ID]], [[:d:Property:P8962|PBA artwork ID]], [[:d:Property:P8964|OpenReview.net profile ID]], [[:d:Property:P8965|OpenReview.net group ID]], [[:d:Property:P8968|OpenReview.net submission ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/applicable "stated in" value|applicable "stated in" value]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/WMF hosted image that could be moved to Commons|WMF hosted image that could be moved to Commons]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Category for the view of the item|Category for the view of the item]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/OSM object|OSM object]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/property related to this topic|property related to this topic]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/personality traits|personality traits]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/graph girth|graph girth]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ALA-LC romanization|ALA-LC romanization]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SAPA|SAPA]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Manus Online author ID|Manus Online author ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Mapy.cz ID|Mapy.cz ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CollectieGelderland-creator-ID|CollectieGelderland-creator-ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SVTplay identifier|SVTplay identifier]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/identifiant Mediafilm|identifiant Mediafilm]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/IFLA form of music ID|IFLA form of music ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/IFLA key of musical work ID|IFLA key of musical work ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/IFLA mode of musical work ID|IFLA mode of musical work ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/RDA support type ID|RDA support type ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SLAM artwork ID|SLAM artwork ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Kunstmuseum Basel ID|Kunstmuseum Basel ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/NPG ID|NPG ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/jeuxvideo.com ID|jeuxvideo.com ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Dizionario bio-bibliografico dei bibliotecari italiani del XX secolo ID|Dizionario bio-bibliografico dei bibliotecari italiani del XX secolo ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Google Podcasts show ID|Google Podcasts show ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Royal Museums Greenwich ID|Royal Museums Greenwich ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/PIAC ID|PIAC ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Castbox show ID|Castbox show ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Stitcher show ID|Stitcher show ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Pocket Casts show ID|Pocket Casts show ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Podcast Addict show ID|Podcast Addict show ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Radio.com Podcasts show ID|Radio.com Podcasts show ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** [[d:Wikidata:Properties for deletion|Deleted properties]]: [[Wikidata:Requests_for_deletions/Archive/2019/Properties/1#P969|street address (P969)]] ** Query examples: ***[https://w.wiki/qpc Tex-Mex singers] ([https://twitter.com/Wikimedia_mx/status/1339667100433059841 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/mPZ Map of images from Wicipics project (photography campaign in Wales)] ([https://twitter.com/WICI_LLGC/status/1339242270873313282 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/rNb Vito Russo Test in Wikidata] *** [https://w.wiki/rTz Distinct dialects of Wikidata lexemes] ([https://twitter.com/salgo60/status/1340973195827048451 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/qtH Patronage of rapid-transit transportation] ([https://twitter.com/Wikimedia_mx/status/1340437955916288001 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/r6c People who played Julius Caesar, and what "version" of him they played] ** Newest [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProjects]]: [[Wikidata:WikiProject Media Representation|Media Representation]] ** Newest database reports: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Names/reports/given names/Italian|Reports on Italian given names]] * '''Development''' ** Continuing to work on the query builder. It can now have more than one query conditions. One of the next steps is making it possible to query for Item values. You can follow along on the [https://query-builder-test.toolforge.org/ demo system]. ** Finished working on the problem of values of Statements that link to Forms and Senses not having language attributes associated with them in the HTML code ([[phab:T267023)]] ** Fixed language selectors covering other input fields when using keyboard navigation for Special:NewItem and Special:NewLexeme ([[phab:T266638]]) ** Fixed language fallback indicators sometimes still shown for variant fallbacks ([[phab:T267502]]) ** Working on whitespace stripped while typing when editing lexemes ([[phab:T250550]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Help add [[d:Q5|human (Q5)]] to [[d:Help:Property_constraints_portal/Property_Scope_Constraint/Properties_without_property_scope_constraint|properties that currently don't have it]]. ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** [[d:User:Yupik/Detanglement|Help untangle items]] that refer to different concepts. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2020 12 21|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 16:50, 21 Disamba 2020 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=20872747 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #448 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''Discussions''' ** Open request for CheckUser: [[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/CheckUser/1997kB|997kB]] ** There's a [[d:Talk:Q21510856#mandatory_%E2%86%92_required|discussion]] about what the best label for [[d:Q21510856|required qualifier constraint]] happens to be. * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' ** Ongoing: [https://rc3.world/rc3/ rC3] (remote Chaos Communication Congress). Several Wikidata-related talks and meetups happening on December 27th, 28th and 29th: introduction to Wikidata, Wikidata for datajournalists, Wikidata meetups in German and English, and a Query Service workshop. (see [https://cfp.verschwoerhaus.de/rc3-2020/schedule/ Wikipaka schedule] for more details) * '''Tool of the week''' ** [[d:Template:TP administrative area|Template:TP administrative area]] is a new template designed for all items which are instance of [[d:Q56061|administrative territorial entity]]. It defines useful queries for those items. For example, <nowiki>{{QT|Q173695}}</nowiki> links to [[d:Talk:Q173695|this page]]. Feedback and contributions are welcome. * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikimedia-l/2020-December/096052.html Project Grants open call for proposals in 2021]. Changes in the review process for Project Grants in 2021; the open call for community organizing proposals will be from January 11 to February 10 and the open call for software and research proposals will be from February 15 to March 16. * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P8972|small logo or icon]], [[:d:Property:P8981|lunar coordinates]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P8969|CINE21 person ID]], [[:d:Property:P8970|Chinese Painting Database ID]], [[:d:Property:P8971|Cinémathèque québécoise person ID]], [[:d:Property:P8973|Humanitarian OpenStreetMap Tasking Manager project ID]], [[:d:Property:P8974|SAPA ID]], [[:d:Property:P8975|Manus Online author ID]], [[:d:Property:P8976|Lichess username]], [[:d:Property:P8977|CITWF person ID]], [[:d:Property:P8978|DBLP publication ID]], [[:d:Property:P8979|DataTrek ID]], [[:d:Property:P8980|KANTO ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/abstract|abstract]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/thesis committee chair|thesis committee chair]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/character type|character type]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Calificación de videojuegos|Calificación de videojuegos]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Regente|Regente]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Nação (candomblé)|Nação (candomblé)]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Liderança|Liderança]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Bharati Braille|Bharati Braille]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/number of walks|number of walks]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/number of hits|number of hits]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/doubles hit|doubles hit]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/triples hit|triples hit]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Through point|Through point]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/TuneIn Podcasts show ID|TuneIn Podcasts show ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/RadioPublic show ID|RadioPublic show ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Player.fm show ID|Player.fm show ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/World Rowing ID|World Rowing ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/MNBAQ ID|MNBAQ ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Libsyn show ID|Libsyn show ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/PodBean show ID|PodBean show ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/BG School ID|BG School ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/JAD ID|JAD ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/RDA value vocabularies ID|RDA value vocabularies ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/BHCL UUID|BHCL UUID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Podtail show ID|Podtail show ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Provenio UUID|Provenio UUID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/AbandonSocios ID|AbandonSocios ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Mitre ATT&CK ID|Mitre ATT&CK ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Lexikon zum Literatur- und Kulturbetrieb im Österreich der Zwischenkriegszeit ID|Lexikon zum Literatur- und Kulturbetrieb im Österreich der Zwischenkriegszeit ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/International Encyclopedia of the First World War ID|International Encyclopedia of the First World War ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SFLI ID|SFLI ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Game UI Database ID|Game UI Database ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/DiVo person ID|DiVo person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/e-GEDSH ID|e-GEDSH ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Projecto Vercial author ID|Projecto Vercial author ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Calaméo ID|Calaméo ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Lumières Lausanne ID|Lumières Lausanne ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Swiss Unihockey Player ID|Swiss Unihockey Player ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/IFF player ID|IFF player ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Internet Game Database numeric game ID|Internet Game Database numeric game ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/AV Production person ID|AV Production person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Magyar Életrajzi Lexikon ID|Magyar Életrajzi Lexikon ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Studium Parisiense ID|Studium Parisiense ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/I professori dell'Università di Pavia (1859-1961) ID|I professori dell'Università di Pavia (1859-1961) ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/A*dS Encyclopedia|A*dS Encyclopedia]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Viceversa Letteratura author ID|Viceversa Letteratura author ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Ancient History Encyclopedia ID|Ancient History Encyclopedia ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/The Podcast App show ID|The Podcast App show ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/viaggiareinpuglia.it ID|viaggiareinpuglia.it ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Encyclopedia of Saami Culture ID|Encyclopedia of Saami Culture ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/DiCamillo Database Country House ID|DiCamillo Database Country House ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/International Standard Bible Encyclopedia ID|International Standard Bible Encyclopedia ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Biographical Archive of Psychiatry ID|Biographical Archive of Psychiatry ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Play:Right video game ID|Play:Right video game ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Spletni biografski leksikon znanih Primorcev in Primork ID|Spletni biografski leksikon znanih Primorcev in Primork ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/TheCocktailDB ID|TheCocktailDB ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Muck Rack media outlet ID|Muck Rack media outlet ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Biographical Dictionary of the Czech Lands|Biographical Dictionary of the Czech Lands]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** Check Corona vaccine progress using Wikidata SPARQL to get metadata about the countries see [https://github.com/salgo60/CoronaVaccinationCheck/blob/main/README.md notebook] - SPARQL [https://w.wiki/sBQ query] * '''Development''' Due to the winter holidays, the development team is taking a break and no deployment is happening for Wikidata at the moment :) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** [[d:Wikidata:Contribute/Suggested and open tasks|Suggested and open tasks]]! ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2020 12 28|Read the full report]]''' &middot; [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] &middot; [[:d:User:Lea Lacroix (WMDE)|Lea Lacroix (WMDE)]] 18:35, 28 Disamba 2020 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Lea Lacroix (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=20872747 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #449 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''Discussions''' ** Open request for adminship: [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Administrator/Martin_Urbanec|Martin Urbanec]] (RfP scheduled to end after 7 January 2021 17:21 UTC) ** Should we rename [[d:Property:P119|place of burial (P119)]] to [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property_talk:P119#Renaming_to_%22place_of_mortal_remains%22 place of mortal remains]? * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' ** Upcoming: [https://www.twitch.tv/belett live SPARQL queries] on Twitch and in French by Vigneron, January 5 at 18:00 CET ** Upcoming video: LIVE Wikidata editing #26 - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q4DcAuuvzmU YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2861485764136582/ Facebook], 9 January ** Upcoming: [[d:Wikidata:Events/Swedish_online_editathon#Träff_#44|Online Wikidata meetup in Swedish #44]], January 10 ** Past: Wikidata sessions at [https://rc3.world/rc3/ rC3] (remote Chaos Communication Congress) (replay) *** [https://media.ccc.de/v/rc3-884268-introduction_to_wikidata Introduction to Wikidata] *** [https://media.ccc.de/v/rc3-985812-wikidata_for_data_journalists Wikidata for datajournalists] ** Past: Wikidata sessions at [https://summit.g0v.tw/2020/ g0vsummit2020] (in Chinese) (replay) *** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IrG8QGZItSE Wikidata one year in Taiwan, what is our results and what is our future plan] *** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HIsDdW0DHkU Challenges of GLAM Taiwan] * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** Video: Applying linked data model for the Bogotá Digital Library (in Spanish) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=82jgMoDSLlo YouTube] ** Video: Wikidata with Shani Evenstein Sigalov, Wikimedia Armenia - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KZR5G7ptM9o YouTube] ** Video: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i99Z8HK4OzA How to import scholarly articles to Wikidata using Zotero] - YouTube ** Video: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7HKVuj54mUY How to import books to Wikidata using a spreadsheet and OpenRefine] - YouTube ** Video: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V1Kv-29bryU How to import library materials to Wikidata using MarcEdit and OpenRefine] - YouTube ** Video: Introduction to Wikidata (in Italian) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KaD86guPwMw YouTube] ** Video: Linking a new Wikipedia article to a Wikidata item - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qn4aNDwBea4 YouTube] ** Video: Schema and Wikidata - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7tSrbDgDD_4 YouTube] ** Video: Using Twinkle on Wikidata - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZwD9hGnJ0Z4 YouTube] ** Video: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sv9YwKnnQRk Managing Interlanguage links with Wikidata] (in Urdu) - YouTube ** Blog post: [https://ainali.com/2020/52-wikidata-weeks-2020/ 52 Wikidata weeks 2020] ** Blog post: [https://codethecity.org/2020/12/08/nautical-wrecks/ Scottish nautical wrecks in wikidata] * '''Tool of the week''' ** [[d:User:Bargioni/WikiBridge.js|User:Bargioni/WikiBridge.js]] userscript enables you to add a tabbed section to Wikidata items showing some paragraphs from Wikipedias chosen by the Babel languages of the logged-in user. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xtuNY6t5ufM Demo video (in Italian)] * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** [[toollabs:lexeme-forms|Wikidata Lexeme Forms]] now lists languages on the index page using their autonyms (language name in that language). ([https://twitter.com/LucasWerkmeistr/status/1337835057390739458 Source]) * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P8986|graph girth]], [[:d:Property:P8989|category for the view of the item]], [[:d:Property:P8991|ALA-LC romanization]], [[:d:Property:P9002|liturgical rank]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P8982|PIAC ID]], [[:d:Property:P8984|CPV Supplementary]], [[:d:Property:P8985|Dizionario bio-bibliografico dei bibliotecari italiani del XX secolo ID]], [[:d:Property:P8987|ISDS ID]], [[:d:Property:P8988|Mapy.cz ID]], [[:d:Property:P8990|World Rowing ID (UUID format)]], [[:d:Property:P8992|1914-1918-Online ID]], [[:d:Property:P8993|JAD ID]], [[:d:Property:P8994|Game UI Database ID]], [[:d:Property:P8995|Lumières.Lausanne ID]], [[:d:Property:P8996|Swiss Unihockey player ID]], [[:d:Property:P8997|IFF player ID]], [[:d:Property:P8998|Magyar életrajzi lexikon ID]], [[:d:Property:P8999|Lexikon zum Literatur- und Kulturbetrieb im Österreich der Zwischenkriegszeit ID]], [[:d:Property:P9000|Ancient History Encyclopedia ID]], [[:d:Property:P9001|Literary Encyclopedia ID]], [[:d:Property:P9003|Google Podcasts show ID]], [[:d:Property:P9004|Stitcher show ID]], [[:d:Property:P9005|Castbox show ID]], [[:d:Property:P9006|Pocket Casts show ID]], [[:d:Property:P9007|Podcast Addict show ID]], [[:d:Property:P9008|TuneIn Podcasts show ID]], [[:d:Property:P9009|RadioPublic show ID]], [[:d:Property:P9010|Player.fm show ID]], [[:d:Property:P9011|PodBean show ID]], [[:d:Property:P9012|Podtail show ID]], [[:d:Property:P9013|Encyclopedia of Saami Culture ID]], [[:d:Property:P9014|The Podcast App show ID]], [[:d:Property:P9015|Medieval Manuscripts in Oxford Libraries manuscript ID]], [[:d:Property:P9016|Medieval Manuscripts in Oxford Libraries work ID]], [[:d:Property:P9017|Medieval Manuscripts in Oxford Libraries person ID]], [[:d:Property:P9018|Medieval Manuscripts in Oxford Libraries place ID]], [[:d:Property:P9019|Medieval Manuscripts in Oxford Libraries organization ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/YouTube custom URL|YouTube custom URL]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Author last names|Author last names]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Author first names|Author first names]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Naval flag|Naval flag]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/supplements|supplements]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/closed WMF project sitelink|closed WMF project sitelink]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/has part (string value)|has part (string value)]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/member|member]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/number of data sets|number of data sets]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/IFPI Danmark work ID|IFPI Danmark work ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/National Museum in Warsaw ID|National Museum in Warsaw ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Olympedia Affiliations ID|Olympedia Affiliations ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/IFLA value vocabularies ID|IFLA value vocabularies ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Erudit article ID|Erudit article ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Olympedia Event ID|Olympedia Event ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/dati.beniculturali.it ID|dati.beniculturali.it ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Barnivore product ID|Barnivore product ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Archivo Histórico de diputados de España ID|Archivo Histórico de diputados de España ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Port Letter|Port Letter]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/FFF player ID (new scheme)|FFF player ID (new scheme)]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Hungarian Film Archive ID|Hungarian Film Archive ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/GEPRIS-Historisch ID (Person)|GEPRIS-Historisch ID (Person)]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/EuroBabeIndex ID|EuroBabeIndex ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/MFAT person ID|MFAT person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SportsLogos.net team ID|SportsLogos.net team ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Alpine Linux package|Alpine Linux package]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine ID|Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Povos Indígenas no Brasil ID|Povos Indígenas no Brasil ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/NLS place type ID|NLS place type ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/BookDepository publisher ID|BookDepository publisher ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/National Historic People id|National Historic People id]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/NFL.com ID (new scheme)|NFL.com ID (new scheme)]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** [https://w.wiki/sZ7 Works identified (via dedicated property P3893) as entering the public domain on 1/1/2021, ordered by number of articles on Wikimedia sites] ([https://twitter.com/maxlath/status/1344603741773852672 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/s6T Painters in the collections of Paris Musées which enter the public domain on January 1] ([https://twitter.com/Pyb75/status/1343238474833526786 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/sSt Map of forts related to Dutch trading companies VOC and WIC] found in the [https://www.atlasofmutualheritage.nl/ Atlas of Mutual Heritage] ([https://twitter.com/mmmenno/status/1344328300727054341 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/V7p Map of forts in the Cologne fortress ring] ([https://twitter.com/Raymond_de/status/1342429685960110080 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/sYs First-level administrative divisions in Germany] *** [https://w.wiki/sLc Population of cities in Germany corresponds to the total number of vaccinations in Germany] ([https://twitter.com/johl/status/1343882895778308102 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/sSF Most popular theorems according to their number of articles on Wikipedia] ([https://twitter.com/envlh/status/1344301749524459521 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/sRE Number of people who have died, or been diagnosed, of COVID-19, grouped by occupation] ([https://twitter.com/WikidataEcho/status/1344239169325961216 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/sou Deaths in 2020 - date of birth, date of death, cause of death and country of nationality] ([https://twitter.com/WikidataEcho/status/1345145070140448768 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/sse Summary of a UK parliamentary career seat-party-start pairs]([https://twitter.com/generalising/status/1343922362094399492 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/roX Timeline of aircraft types around the world and the first time a type of aircraft made a flight] ([https://twitter.com/wikimediaid/status/1343882686364991490 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/qgD Indonesian legislation related to indigenous people] ([https://twitter.com/wikidataid/status/1341941672998035458 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/swa Which artist could be "D.K. 1964"?] ([[:d:Property_talk:P7457#Related_queries:_Who_could_be_%22J.B._1670%22_and_%22D.K._1964%22?|source]]) *** [https://w.wiki/sU9 Line graph of colleges and universities in India by year of establishment] ([https://twitter.com/wikidataindia/status/1345610845015973889 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/sTq Graph of Indian films that are remakes of other Indian films] ([https://twitter.com/wikidataindia/status/1345248459172012034 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/sU7 Graph of academic descendants of C. R. Rao and K. Ananda Rau] ([https://twitter.com/wikidataindia/status/1345973236761124865 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/sWv Map of gram panchayats in Kerala by literacy rate in 2001] ([https://twitter.com/naveenpf/status/1344882530382704641 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/sTE Maps of different places in West Bengal according to suffix] ([https://twitter.com/wikidatabangla/status/1345248459478196225 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/sTt Tree map of Rabindranath's poems according to the month of writing] ([https://twitter.com/wikidatabangla/status/1345973233309257728 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/szR Count of locations of exhibitions on Wikidata] ([https://twitter.com/mmmenno/status/1345656216597442565 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/tBr Wikidata lexeme forms by language] ([https://twitter.com/62mkv/status/1345395334873305090 Source]) ** Newest database reports: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Calendar Dates/lists/days/2021|2021]], [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Names/reports/given_names/Greek|Greek given names]] * '''Development''' ** Due to the winter holidays, no deployment has happened for Wikidata in the last two weeks. [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2021 01 04|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 16:27, 4 ga Janairu, 2021 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=20924705 --> == delete == Hello Mustapha, Plz delete: *[[Module:Footnotes/anchor id list']] (wrong name with apostrophe) *[[Template:Infobox biography/sport/football/team]] (no longer used) Thanks. [[User:Sami At Ferḥat|Sami At Ferḥat]] ([[User talk:Sami At Ferḥat|talk]]) 17:29, 6 ga Janairu, 2021 (UTC) :'''Done'''! [[User:Sami At Ferḥat|Sami At Ferḥat]]. You gradually change the outlook of this project and now everything is looking good. Thank you, regards. –[[User:M-Mustapha|<span style="background-color: #804; color: #fa0;"><samp><b><u>''Em-em''</u></b></samp></span>]] <sup><samp><u>[[User talk:M-Mustapha|'''talk''']]</u></samp></sup> 18:21, 6 ga Janairu, 2021 (UTC) :: Another delete request plz: [[Module:Module:Country alias]], thanks. BTW, I've fixed most missing templates, but some need to be localized, I'll come back to you with a list. [[User:Sami At Ferḥat|Sami At Ferḥat]] ([[User talk:Sami At Ferḥat|talk]]) 22:25, 9 ga Janairu, 2021 (UTC) :::Very much appreciate all your help to set knowledge free! Best regards. –[[User:M-Mustapha|<span style="background-color: #804; color: #fa0;"><samp><b><u>''Em-em''</u></b></samp></span>]] <sup><samp><u>[[User talk:M-Mustapha|'''talk''']]</u></samp></sup> 00:25, 10 ga Janairu, 2021 (UTC) Hello Mustapha, could you reduce the protection level of [[Module:Databox]]? I have improved its behaviour [[Module:Databox/sandbox|here]], now it looks much better and offers easy translation on wikidata (see this example: [[Jirgin sama]]). You could copy paste the content but I don't want to bother you for each little modification I make. [[User:Sami At Ferḥat|Sami At Ferḥat]] ([[User talk:Sami At Ferḥat|talk]]) 20:05, 17 ga Janairu, 2021 (UTC) ::Thanks [[User:Sami At Ferḥat|Sami At Ferḥat]], I set it to allow only autoconfirmed users. You don't have to worry, I'm here to help because I have the time. Regards [[User:M-Mustapha|<span style="background-color: #804; color: #fa0;"><samp><b><u>''Em-em''</u></b></samp></span>]] <sup><samp><u>[[User talk:M-Mustapha|'''talk''']]</u></samp></sup> 20:29, 17 ga Janairu, 2021 (UTC) Could you plz delete these subpages: [[User:Shrikarsan/format.js|1]], [[User:Shrikarsan/shri-settings.js|2]], [[User:Shrikarsan/new.js|3]]. They create false positives in the ''wanted templated'' page. Thanks. [[User:Sami At Ferḥat|Sami At Ferḥat]] ([[User talk:Sami At Ferḥat|talk]]) 17:37, 27 ga Janairu, 2021 (UTC) == Wikidata weekly summary #450 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''Discussions''' ** Closed request for adminship: [[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Administrator/Martin Urbanec|Martin Urbanec ]] (successful) ** New request for comments: [[d:Wikidata:Requests for comment/How should we develop and deploy documentation for items ?|How should we develop and deploy documentation for items?]] * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' ** Upcoming: Wikidata+Wikibase office hour, Thursday, January 21st, at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1611248407 17:00 UTC (18:00 Berlin time)], on [https://t.me/joinchat/IeCRo0j5Uag1qR4Tk8Ftsg Telegram] **Upcoming: Next Linked Data for Libraries LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group call: Using QuickStatements for bulk uploading archived website data to Wikidata with Peter Chan, 12 January. [https://docs.google.com/document/d/14KHUNQoTo5eX6iclLJdVSnOyPLNyPYQA4V854Mc7iY4/edit?usp=sharing Agenda] ** Upcoming video: LIVE Wikidata editing #27 on Wikipedia20 - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BvZ5gZlu_MI YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2867220310229794/ Facebook], 16 January ** Past: [https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLw2YgbWET_pgT_oUsampBL8O6osinnNW8 SMWCon videos are published] incl. quite a few Wikidata related ones ** Past: [https://wikiworkshop.org/2021/ Wiki Workshop 2021] is accepting submissions. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikidata/2021-January/014433.html The deadline for the submissions to be considered for proceedings is January 29. All other submissions should be received by March 1]. ** Past: Czech editaton {{Q|Q102733400}} finished (30.11.2020-31.12.2020). Purpose was connect [[:d:Property:P691|NKCR AUT ID (P691)]] to Wikidata by hand in {{Q|Q28054658}}. [https://test.wikimedia.cz/en/2021/01/06/the-vyzva-63-000-editaton-is-over/ Detailed info]. * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** Blogpost: [https://www.srf.ch/kultur/gesellschaft-religion/wochenende-gesellschaft/mehr-wissen-dank-wikidata-der-nobody-der-wikipedia-den-rang-ablaufen-koennte The nobody who could overtake Wikipedia] (in German) ** Blogpost: [https://jsamwrites.medium.com/documenting-software-applications-on-wikidata-197716d7f2d Documenting Software Applications on Wikidata], by John Samuel ** Article: [https://cris.vub.be/en/publications/nitpicking-online-knowledge-representations-of-governmental-leadership(5374484f-d98a-4583-9710-8c2323969960).html Nitpicking online knowledge representations of governmental leadership: The case of Belgian prime minsters in Wikipedia and Wikidata] ** Paper: [https://popjournal.ca/issue02/crompton Familiar Wikidata: The Case for Building a Data Source We Can Trust] - an introduction to the value of Wikidata for humanities research making the case for humanities researchers’ intervention in its development. ** Video: How to use WikiBridge - a userscript that enables you to add a tabbed section to Wikidata items showing some paragraphs from Wikipedias chosen by the Babel languages of the logged-in user. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j21mEYT5sCg Demo video] * '''Tool of the week''' ** [http://dataexplorer.hd.free.fr/QueryGraph/ QueryGraph] is a web tool for creating queries in SPARQL from graphs. * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** Wikibase now has a dedicated Twitter account: Follow [https://twitter.com/WikibaseHQ @WikibaseHQ] for updates on everything Wikibase. ** You can now create and curate catalog groups on [https://mix-n-match.toolforge.org/#/ Mix’n’match], and find the most common unmatched entries between them ([https://twitter.com/MagnusManske/status/1343614853991292930 Source]) ** [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikidata/2020-September/014281.html Wikidata Walkabout] browsing tool has had some important recent improvements in language support, interface, etc. See a [https://wikidatawalkabout.org/?c=Q11424&lang=es&f.P57.P1576=Q83364&f.P136=Q157443 list of all comedy films directed by a vegetarian] (in Spanish) * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P9021|Bharati Braille]], [[:d:Property:P9028|Consejo de Calificación Cinematográfica's video game rating]], [[:d:Property:P9030|solution to]], [[:d:Property:P9047|archaeological site of]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P9020|AV Production person ID]], [[:d:Property:P9022|Mediafilm ID]], [[:d:Property:P9023|Radio.com Podcasts show ID]], [[:d:Property:P9024|Libsyn show ID]], [[:d:Property:P9025|Mitre ATT&CK ID]], [[:d:Property:P9026|SFLI ID]], [[:d:Property:P9027|e-GEDSH ID]], [[:d:Property:P9029|Viceversa Letteratura author ID]], [[:d:Property:P9031|Barnivore product ID]], [[:d:Property:P9032|AVN movie ID]], [[:d:Property:P9033|Archivo Histórico de diputados de España ID]], [[:d:Property:P9034|BG School ID]], [[:d:Property:P9035|Muck Rack media outlet ID]], [[:d:Property:P9036|I professori dell'Università di Pavia (1859-1961) ID]], [[:d:Property:P9037|BHCL UUID]], [[:d:Property:P9038|Calaméo ID]], [[:d:Property:P9039|Studium Parisiense ID]], [[:d:Property:P9040|viaggiareinpuglia.it ID]], [[:d:Property:P9041|DiVo person ID]], [[:d:Property:P9042|DiCamillo Database Country House ID]], [[:d:Property:P9043|Internet Game Database numeric game ID]], [[:d:Property:P9044|GEPRIS-Historisch ID (Person)]], [[:d:Property:P9045|Alpine Linux package]], [[:d:Property:P9046|A*dS Encyclopedia ID]], [[:d:Property:P9048|Biographical Archive of Psychiatry ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/minutes played|minutes played]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/two-pointers made|two-pointers made]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/two-pointers attempted|two-pointers attempted]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/three-pointers attempted|three-pointers attempted]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/three-pointers made|three-pointers made]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/free throws made|free throws made]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/free throws attempted|free throws attempted]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/field goals made|field goals made]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/personal fouls|personal fouls]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Short DOI|Short DOI]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/total rebounds|total rebounds]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/offensive rebounds|offensive rebounds]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/defensive rebounds|defensive rebounds]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/number of vaccinations|number of vaccinations]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/category for software under a license|category for software under a license]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/assessment outcome|assessment outcome]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/quality for this class|quality for this class]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Template combines topics|Template combines topics]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CCCM Museum (Macau Museum) object ID|CCCM Museum (Macau Museum) object ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CCCM Museum Object ID|CCCM Museum Object ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Medium|Medium]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/FL number|FL number]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Notable ascent|Notable ascent]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CantoDict identifiers|CantoDict identifiers]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Norwegian State Administration Database ID|Norwegian State Administration Database ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/POSIX locale identifier|POSIX locale identifier]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal GTB ID|Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal GTB ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/BABEL author ID|BABEL author ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Songlexikon ID|Songlexikon ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/FANZA AV actress ID|FANZA AV actress ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/VAi Building ID|VAi Building ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Biographies.net person ID|Biographies.net person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Literature.com book ID|Literature.com book ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/National Museum Norway artwork ID|National Museum Norway artwork ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/TikTok music ID|TikTok music ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Oxford Classical Dictionary ID|Oxford Classical Dictionary ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Conservapedia Article|Conservapedia Article]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/NZ Museums ID|NZ Museums ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Akademická encyklopedie českých dějin ID|Akademická encyklopedie českých dějin ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/WreckSite ID|WreckSite ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** [https://w.wiki/tVc Mathematicians born in prime number years featuring Albert Einstein, Pierre de Fermat, Georg Ohm, Carl Gauss, Évariste Galois, Augustin-Louis Cauchy, James Maxwell et al.] ***[https://w.wiki/tkj Timeline of coups d'état of the 21st century] (including attempted ones) ([https://twitter.com/WikidataFacts/status/1347165619519680512 Source]) *** Map of [https://w.wiki/tb9 Karens] / [https://w.wiki/thW Johns] per million according to Wikidata ([https://twitter.com/vrandezo/status/1347732733217280001 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/tbZ Children of which were born with by a person, and their step child] ***[https://w.wiki/sTw Map of the shortest railway path (in terms of number of stations) between Dibrugarh and the Scottish Highlands] ([https://twitter.com/wikidataindia/status/1347060399309467649 Source]) ***[https://w.wiki/rr2 Map of place of birth of Olympique de Marseille football players] ([https://twitter.com/macgraveur/status/1346365310002204672 Source]) ***[https://w.wiki/swj Map of Kolkata wards by number of schools] ([https://twitter.com/wikidatabangla/status/1348509949144354819 Source]) ***[https://w.wiki/tDk Map of beaches in Mexico] ([https://twitter.com/Wikimedia_mx/status/1346531874777280515 Source]) ***[https://w.wiki/snS Graph of shared borders between Indian districts] ([https://twitter.com/wikidataindia/status/1347785172545011712 Source]) ***[https://w.wiki/swk Descendants of Upendrakishore Roy] ([https://twitter.com/wikidatabangla/status/1347785172540936193 Source]) ***[https://w.wiki/sT7 Timeline of Indian High Commissioners to Britain] ([https://twitter.com/wikidataindia/status/1347422785707126784 Source]) ***[https://w.wiki/snT A tree map of items for artworks depicting Mughal emperors] ([https://twitter.com/wikidataindia/status/1348509949710770179 Source]) ***[https://w.wiki/sUU Example of documented usage of different Bengali words] ([https://twitter.com/wikidatabangla/status/1347060396130234368 Source]) ***[https://w.wiki/tYJ 'Llan' place names in the UK] ([https://twitter.com/WIKI_NLW/status/1347233395965878274 Source]) ***[https://w.wiki/tkg Organizations with DZI donation seal approval according to donation amount] ([https://twitter.com/Pluralog/status/1347189643222147072 Source]) ** Newest database reports: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Names/reports/given names/Russian|Russian given names]] * '''Development''' ** Continued working on the Query Builder. We focused on making it possible to query for Item values and being able to limit the number of Items in the result. We also looked into how to query for quantity values. ** Changed P920’s data type from string to external identifier ([[phab:T269205]]) ** Finished working on the problem of Items that have the page prop wikibase:statements set to 0 but actually do have statements ([[phab:T145712]]) ** Continued work on the “Publishing” step of the Wikibase release pipeline by building and testing three components of the software suite: Wikibase ([[phab: T267893]]), Query Service frontend ([[phab:T268025]]), and Query Service backend ([[phab:T268022]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2021 01 11|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 17:32, 11 ga Janairu, 2021 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=20945976 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #451 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''Discussions''' ** Open request for adminship: [[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Administrator/Alphama|Alphama]] (RfP scheduled to end after 24 January 2021 15:12 (UTC)) ** Other: Wikidata will be one of the communities involved in the [[Wikidata:Universal Code of Conduct consultation|Phase 2 of the Universal Code of Conduct consultation]]. Have your say at the [[d:Wikidata talk:Universal Code of Conduct consultation|consultation talk page]] or get in contact with the UCoC facilitator, [[d:User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]]. * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' ** Upcoming: Wikidata+Wikibase office hour, Thursday, January 21st, at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1611248407 17:00 UTC (18:00 Berlin time)], on [https://t.me/joinchat/IeCRo0j5Uag1qR4Tk8Ftsg Telegram] ** Upcoming video: LIVE Wikidata editing #28 - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vwXDopevwLM YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2872037973081361/ Facebook], 23 January ** Upcoming: [[d:Wikidata:Events/Swedish_online_editathon#Träff_#46|Online Wikidata meetup in Swedish #46]], January 24 * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** Blogpost: [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2021/01/14/automatically-maintained-citations-with-wikidata-and-cite-q/ Automatically maintained citations with Wikidata and Cite Q], by Mike Peel and Andy Mabbett. ** Video: Wikidata editing #27: #Wikipedia20 - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BvZ5gZlu_MI YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2872037973081361 Facebook] ** Video: Dealing with more than one date value in Wikidata (using preferential rank) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0r5L2bwhyxs YouTube] * '''Tool of the week''' ** [[d:User:Lagewi/navigation.js|User:Lagewi/navigation.js]] userscript enables adding links to list subclasses and instances to Wikidata items. * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** [[d:Wikidata_talk:Lexicographical_data#New_dashboard_for_lexicographical_data_statistics|New dashboard for lexicographical data statistics]]: [https://grafana.wikimedia.org/d/UHV96YJGk/wikidata-datamodel-lexemes Wikidata Datamodel Lexemes] ** The Wikidata Analytics dashboards are now available at a new URL: https://wikidata-analytics.wmcloud.org/ ([https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikidata/2021-January/014453.html announcement]) * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P9052|date canceled]], [[:d:Property:P9059|subdivision of this unit]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P9049|dati.beniculturali.it agent ID]], [[:d:Property:P9050|dati.beniculturali.it site ID]], [[:d:Property:P9051|dati.beniculturali.it cultural heritage ID]], [[:d:Property:P9053|Projecto Vercial author ID]], [[:d:Property:P9054|National Historic People ID]], [[:d:Property:P9055|Olympedia event ID]], [[:d:Property:P9056|TheCocktailDB drink ID]], [[:d:Property:P9057|TheCocktailDB ingredient ID]], [[:d:Property:P9058|Fichier des personnes décédées ID]], [[:d:Property:P9060|POSIX locale identifier]], [[:d:Property:P9061|National Museum in Warsaw ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/shadows|shadows]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Sacrament conferred by|Sacrament conferred by]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/logo image within scope|logo image within scope]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/BAMID film rating|BAMID film rating]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ABC News Topic|ABC News Topic]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/number of rooms to rent|number of rooms to rent]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Portal da Literatura author ID|Portal da Literatura author ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Base de Dados de Autores Portugueses ID|Base de Dados de Autores Portugueses ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Parabola package|Parabola package]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/JAANUS ID|JAANUS ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Studio di Fonologia Musicale RAI person ID|Studio di Fonologia Musicale RAI person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/BiblioLMC ID|BiblioLMC ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Le Lettere di Theodor Mommsen agli Italiani ID|Le Lettere di Theodor Mommsen agli Italiani ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/StrategyWiki page|StrategyWiki page]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Encyclopedia of Brno Object ID|Encyclopedia of Brno Object ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Holocaust.cz ID|Holocaust.cz ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Australian Fungi ID|Australian Fungi ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/DeCS ID|DeCS ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Australian Lichen ID|Australian Lichen ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/KBR Catalogue ID|KBR Catalogue ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Enciclopedia del Museo del Prado ID|Enciclopedia del Museo del Prado ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/The Language Council of Norway Term ID|The Language Council of Norway Term ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Red Cross FDRS ID|Red Cross FDRS ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Xinjiang Data Project identifier|Xinjiang Data Project identifier]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SISSCO ID|SISSCO ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SEARCH on line catalogue ID|SEARCH on line catalogue ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/45cat release ID|45cat release ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Aracne author ID|Aracne author ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** [https://w.wiki/u4G Red Cross and Red Crescent societies] ***[https://w.wiki/so2 The people of the government of Bangladesh on 13 January 2005] ([https://twitter.com/wikidatabangla/status/1349234726188445697 Source]) ***[https://w.wiki/u95 Buildings in the Basque Country dedicated to San Roque] ([https://twitter.com/theklanB/status/1349061129033687040 Source]) ***[https://w.wiki/snb List of words for "beard" in Eighth Schedule languages] ([https://twitter.com/wikidataindia/status/1349597113785724935 Source]) ***[https://w.wiki/t6D Map of train services starting at Howrah station] ([https://twitter.com/wikidatabangla/status/1349597111344574466 Source]) ***[https://w.wiki/jHD Map of big sculptures of New Zealand] ([https://twitter.com/KnitMeAThneed/status/1350666389057536000 Source]) ***[https://w.wiki/so5 Map of mosques in Bangladesh according to architectural style] ([https://twitter.com/wikidatabangla/status/1348872336166977536 Source]) ***[https://w.wiki/u5T UK deaths per month since 2005 split by sex/gender] ([https://twitter.com/piecesofuk/status/1348962318009425920 Source]) ***[https://w.wiki/sTY Timeline of Indian cricket tours abroad] ([https://twitter.com/wikidataindia/status/1348872337660157953 Source]) ***[https://w.wiki/tzW Timeline of inception of Mexican universities] ([https://twitter.com/Wikimedia_mx/status/1349852362748387329 Source]) ***[https://w.wiki/rp7 Mangifera species and mango cultivars] ([https://twitter.com/wikidataid/status/1350035003736944642 Source]) ***[https://w.wiki/uhY Locations where The Antartic Circumpolar Voyage expedition passed] ([https://twitter.com/Tagishsimon/status/1350934420178542593 Source)] ***[https://w.wiki/uKv English Language forms missing an audio pronunciation] -- you can contribute via [[lingualibre:LinguaLibre:About|LinguaLibre]] ** Newest [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProjects]]: ***[[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Greek War of Independence|WikiProject Greek War of Independence]], development of content relative to the {{Q|182062}} (this year is the 200th anniversary, from its beginning in 1821) * '''Development''' ** Continued working on the Query Builder. We continued to set up tracking for the number of queries that result in an error, timeout, etc. ([[phab:T269224]]). We als made it possible to query for Item values ([[phab:T268814]]). You can always try the current state on the [https://query-builder-test.toolforge.org/ test system]. ** Finished fixing an issue with whitespace being stripped while typing when editing Lexemes ([[phab:T250550]]) ** Worked on no error being shown when trying to save Lemma with invalid language code ([[phab:T265783]]) ** Working on using Special:MyLanguage feature for more links in the Wikidata Query Service interface to redirect people to documentation in their language ([[phab:T267656]]) ** Continued interviewing people to better understand how to best compare Wikidata's data against other databases in order to find mismatches that need the editors' attention [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2021 01 18|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 15:07, 18 ga Janairu, 2021 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=20980536 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #452 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' ** Past: Wikidata+Wikibase office hour happened on January 21st. See notes [[d:Wikidata:Events/IRC office hour 2021-01-21|here]] (English). ** Past: 2021 OpenStreetMap x Wikidata Beginner Teaching Workshop (in Chinese). Replay on YouTube [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0C7zg7YglRs 1], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E3ZWMiIlnio 2], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LBXYshsvZQg 3], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cqYY06gaHWs 4] ** Upcoming: Next Linked Data for Libraries [[Wikidata:WikiProject LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group/Affinity Group Calls|LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group]] call: Wikibase, the Integrated Authority File (GND) pilot at the German National Library, and the WikiLibrary Manifesto, 26 January. [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1436bhpcKEPjaLm9ITZ6x35TWgl5MA2TiQjabkQBpwFk/edit?usp=sharing Agenda] ** Upcoming: [https://www.twitch.tv/belett SPARQL queries and OpenRefine] live on Twitch and in French by Vigneron, Januray 26 at 18:00 CET ** Upcoming video: LIVE Wikidata editing #29 - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qHGcXLP4BTU YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2877179819233843/ Facebook], 30 January ** Upcoming: [[d:Wikidata:Events/Swedish_online_editathon#Träff_#47|Online Wikidata meetup in Swedish #47]], 31 January ** Upcoming: The Open Festival of Persistent Identifiers starts from 27 January 2021. See schedule [https://www.pidapalooza.org/schedule here]. * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** Blog: [https://cthoyt.com/2021/01/23/updating-the-wikidata-integrator.html Adding New Literature Sources to the Wikidata Integrator], by Charles Tapley Hoyt ** Blog: [http://wikimedia.eus/2021/01/informatikako-programazio-ariketak-wikidatako-datuekin-jolastoki-berria/ Using Wikidata for teaching computer programming using real-world cases] (in Basque) ** Bog: [https://publicspaces.net/2021/01/19/wikidata-data-voor-iedereen/ Wikidata: data for everyone] (in Dutch) ** Methodology paper: [https://bmcbiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12915-020-00940-y A protocol for adding knowledge to Wikidata: aligning resources on human coronaviruses] ** Video: Wikidata editing #28 - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vwXDopevwLM YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2872037973081361/ Facebook] ** Video: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BKmuCR8UJSo Wikidata for research] (webinar in French) - YouTube ** Video: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0c3L7PZSs6c Let's make sparks with SPARQL tools](in French), by Nicolas Vigneron -YouTube ** Video: Wrap up presentation of the SWAT4HCLS hackathon project *** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GmbKu2iED9M Creating subsets from Wikidata] - YouTube *** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t2LDvzYtO7Q Linking the complex portal with other FAIR sources through] - YouTube * '''Tool of the week''' ** [https://conze.pt/explore/Tibia?l=en&t=link&s=true&i=Q178366&u=https%3A%2F%2Fconze.pt%2Fapp%2Ftaviewer%2F%3Fid%3DA02.5.06.001 TAViewer] is a web-based anatomy atlas viewer that cross-references Terminologia Anatomica terms with data from Wikipedia and Wikidata. * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/cloud-announce/2021-January/000361.html Change to how Cloud VPS and Toolforge contact Wikis to go live on 2021-02-08]. If you are a Cloud VPS user or Toolforge developer, check your tools after that date to make sure they are properly running. * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P9071|character type]], [[:d:Property:P9072|derived from organism type]], [[:d:Property:P9073|applicable “stated in” value]], [[:d:Property:P9077|number of aid beneficiaries]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P9062|BABEL author ID]], [[:d:Property:P9063|Base de Dados de Autores Portugueses ID]], [[:d:Property:P9064|Povos Indígenas no Brasil ID]], [[:d:Property:P9065|Parabola package]], [[:d:Property:P9066|FL number]], [[:d:Property:P9067|Hungarian Film Archive ID]], [[:d:Property:P9068|IFPI Danmark work ID]], [[:d:Property:P9069|International Standard Bible Encyclopedia ID]], [[:d:Property:P9070|Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine ID]], [[:d:Property:P9074|NZ Museums ID]], [[:d:Property:P9075|StrategyWiki page]], [[:d:Property:P9076|Australian Fungi ID]], [[:d:Property:P9078|Discord invite ID]], [[:d:Property:P9079|Red Cross FDRS ID]], [[:d:Property:P9080|JAANUS ID]], [[:d:Property:P9081|SEARCH on line catalogue ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/onscreen participant|onscreen participant]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/catégorie d'établissement sanitaire et social|catégorie d'établissement sanitaire et social]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/code Activité principale exercée|code Activité principale exercée]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/catégorie d'entreprise|catégorie d'entreprise]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Imagehash perceptual hash|Imagehash perceptual hash]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SISSCO ID|SISSCO ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/45cat release ID|45cat release ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Aracne author ID|Aracne author ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Malpedia ID|Malpedia ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Kulturdenkmal-ID Sachsen-Anhalt|Kulturdenkmal-ID Sachsen-Anhalt]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Swiss Games Showcase ID|Swiss Games Showcase ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Baudenkmal-ID Niedersachsen|Baudenkmal-ID Niedersachsen]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/PeriodO ID|PeriodO ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Pepys Encylopedia ID|Pepys Encylopedia ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Pantone color ID|Pantone color ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Family Video Game Database ID|Family Video Game Database ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/AAR ID|AAR ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/github topic|github topic]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/TeatralRo ID|TeatralRo ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Landshuth ID|Landshuth ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Patrinum ID|Patrinum ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ChemRxiv ID|ChemRxiv ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/TlF ID|TlF ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/PO ID|PO ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Jewish Museum Berlin object ID|Jewish Museum Berlin object ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CinefanRo person ID|CinefanRo person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CinefanRo film ID|CinefanRo film ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/LombardiaBeniCulturali archive producer IDs|LombardiaBeniCulturali archive producer IDs]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/BookBub Author ID|BookBub Author ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/HERIS-ID|HERIS-ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** [https://w.wiki/HFe Czech religious buildings used also as a fire station] ***[https://w.wiki/vWG Common ingredients to prepare a sandwich] ([https://twitter.com/TrinkerMedia/status/1353075171565834241 Source]) ***[https://w.wiki/Grc Location of GLAMs with open access policies] ([https://twitter.com/CultureDoug/status/1352301032651554816 Source)] ***[https://w.wiki/upN Mexican presidents who have an image of their signature on Wikidata] ([https://twitter.com/Wikimedia_mx/status/1352046356102320128 Source]) ***[https://w.wiki/uyo Timeline of Mexican writers who were born between 1800 and 1900] ([https://twitter.com/espejolento/status/1351760183114928132 Source]) ***[https://w.wiki/vmq TV-Series in Spain by Decade] ([https://twitter.com/victorianoi/status/1353426633764515843 Source]) ***[https://w.wiki/vHB Diplomats who are also art collectors] ([https://twitter.com/OpenLinkArtData/status/1352541529131409408 Source]) * '''Development''' ** Continued working on the Query Builder: made it possible to limit the number of results in the result set, made it possible to include results from subclasses when querying for Item values, worked on negating queries and started on sharing of queries via URL. As always you can try the current state on the [https://query-builder-test.toolforge.org/ test system]. ** Making links in the Query Service redirect to the proper translations of their pages on-wiki by using Special:MyLanguage redirects ([[phab:T267656]]) ** Working on fixing an issue with displaying large numbers for quantity values ([[phab:T268456]]) ** Fixed a case where no error message was shown when trying to save a Lemma with an invalid language code ([[phab:T265783]]) ** Talked to a few more people about checking Wikidata's data against other databases to find potential errors ** Continuing the Release Strategy project for Wikibase, with the following progress: *** Created a “release pipeline” for Wikibase extension ([[phab:T267627]]) *** Created MediaWiki docker images based off release branches ([[phab:T270133]]) *** Defined format and contents of Wikibase suite components not maintained by Wikimedia Germany ([[phab:T271194]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2021 01 25|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 17:52, 25 ga Janairu, 2021 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=21005040 --> == Tambaya == Yaya ake sanya hoto a commons? [[User:Umar-askira|Umar-askira]] ([[User talk:Umar-askira|talk]]) 17:55, 31 ga Janairu, 2021 (UTC) == Wikidata weekly summary #453 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' ** Upcoming video: LIVE Wikidata editing #30 - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XBumtc9Adsc YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/wikipediaweekly/permalink/3620310794683392/ Facebook], 6 February ** Upcoming: [[d:Wikidata:Events/Swedish_online_editathon#Träff_#48|Online Wikidata meetup in Swedish #48]], 7 February * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' **Paper: [https://cacm.acm.org/magazines/2021/2/250085-a-review-of-the-semantic-web-field/fulltext A Review of the Semantic Web Field] **Paper: [https://svn.aksw.org/papers/2020/qurator_gfs/public.pdf Towards a Systematic Approach to Sync FactualData across Wikipedia, Wikidata and ExternalData Sources] ** Video: LIVE Wikidata editing #29 - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qHGcXLP4BTU YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2877179819233843/ Facebook] ** Video: Set preferences and common.js (in Italian) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xw0MXWXvHig YouTube] ** Video: Entity Linking and Neural Semantic Parsing - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5j4hkP_JwSc YouTube] ** Video: Persistent identifiers as the basis for multilingual and human-machine collaboration - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g5VCr--Q1Ig YouTube] * '''Tool of the week''' ** [https://github.com/generalist/wikidata-misc/blob/master/labelcleaner.sh Labelcleaner] is a script by [[d:User:Andrew Gray|Andrew Gray]] used to clean up Wikidata labels/aliases/descriptions for a given language on a set of items. * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** OpenRefine has got [https://docs.openrefine.org/ a new user manual] and [https://openrefine.org/blog/2021/01/26/announcing-our-new-user-manual.html your feedback is welcome]; ** A new tool, [[toolforge:ranker|Ranker]] ([[:d:User:Lucas Werkmeister/Ranker|documentation]], [https://twitter.com/LucasWerkmeistr/status/1355554819478532102 announcement tweet] and [https://twitter.com/LucasWerkmeistr/status/1355554982544744453 video]), lets you edit the ranks of multiple statements at once. ** [https://lingualibre.org/bigdata/#query The SPARQL endpoint for linguaLibre is now available] ([https://twitter.com/belett/status/1356242871700123648 Source]) ** New Wikidata property [[:d:Property:P9100|GitHub topic (P9100)]] announced at [https://github.community/t/wikidata-property-p9100-created-for-github-topics/158508 the GITHUB community] ** Wikimedia Foundation is hiring a Wikidata Query Service(WDQS) Data Analyst Consultant. [https://boards.greenhouse.io/wikimedia/jobs/2612414?gh_src=8f11c2f91us Apply today]! ** [[d:Wikidata:Bot requests|Clean-up tasks to experiment with bots or other tools]] * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P9086|BAMID film rating]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P9082|Akademická encyklopedie českých dějin ID]], [[:d:Property:P9083|45cat 7" release ID]], [[:d:Property:P9084|ABC News topic ID]], [[:d:Property:P9085|Aracne author ID]], [[:d:Property:P9087|Econlib person ID]], [[:d:Property:P9088|KBR Catalogue ID]], [[:d:Property:P9089|Songlexikon ID]], [[:d:Property:P9090|Swiss Games Showcase ID]], [[:d:Property:P9091|MNBAQ ID]], [[:d:Property:P9092|Art in the Christian Tradition ID]], [[:d:Property:P9093|Australian Lichen ID]], [[:d:Property:P9094|Pantone color ID]], [[:d:Property:P9095|Kunstmuseum Basel ID]], [[:d:Property:P9096|Malpedia ID]], [[:d:Property:P9097|AAR ID]], [[:d:Property:P9098|BiblioLMC ID]], [[:d:Property:P9099|Cultural heritage ID in Lower Saxony]], [[:d:Property:P9100|GitHub topic]], [[:d:Property:P9101|Discord username]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/represented in sport by|represented in sport by]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/photographer of|photographer of]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/reissue|reissue]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/master's thesis|master's thesis]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/service status information URL|service status information URL]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/unusualness|unusualness]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Debian Package Tracker ID|Debian Package Tracker ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Seismic classification|Seismic classification]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Dictionnaire des journalistes ID|Dictionnaire des journalistes ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/EMS ID|EMS ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/FloGrappling ID|FloGrappling ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SOUNZ contributor ID|SOUNZ contributor ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Wolfram language WordData word ID|Wolfram language WordData word ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Mathematica Italiana person ID|Mathematica Italiana person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Musica Brasilis score ID|Musica Brasilis score ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Finna ID|Finna ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/LexML ID|LexML ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Swedish Literature Bank placeID|Swedish Literature Bank placeID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/BVFE author ID|BVFE author ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Union Catalog of Armenian Continuing Resources authority ID|Union Catalog of Armenian Continuing Resources authority ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/playDB play ID|playDB play ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/playDB artist ID|playDB artist ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/DicoPolHiS ID|DicoPolHiS ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Pandektis ID|Pandektis ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/NHS Organisation Data Service ID|NHS Organisation Data Service ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Bayerischer Denkmal-Atlas Objekt-ID (Baudenkmal)|Bayerischer Denkmal-Atlas Objekt-ID (Baudenkmal)]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Bayerischer Denkmal-Atlas Objekt-ID (Bodendenkmal)|Bayerischer Denkmal-Atlas Objekt-ID (Bodendenkmal)]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Whiskybase distillery ID|Whiskybase distillery ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** [https://w.wiki/wiD Basque lexemes and their attestations in a 1745 Spanish-Basque dictionary, with links to dictionary entries in Wikisource] ***[https://w.wiki/wss Lexemes describing a color] ([https://twitter.com/alexabruck/status/1354848003228651520 Source]) ***[https://w.wiki/w6s Danish-Hebrew Lexeme pairs] ([https://twitter.com/fnielsen/status/1354422451158003712 Source]) ***[https://w.wiki/xA6 Lexemes in Swedish with usage example that demonstrates both a form and a sense and a reference] ([https://twitter.com/salgo60/status/1356228927052767232 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/wMw Episodes of the TV series "The Mentalist"] ***[https://w.wiki/6PX Nationality of authors publishing papers relevant to the Australian fauna] ([https://twitter.com/rdmpage/status/1354462764933074949 Source]) ***[https://w.wiki/w4F Number of musicians on Wikidata by country] ([https://twitter.com/mrlogix/status/1354295682895515658 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/wPE Map of ISO 3166-2 codes] ([https://twitter.com/salgo60/status/1354937354209914885 Source]) ***[https://w.wiki/tzp Map films that have been filmed in Mexico] ([https://twitter.com/Wikimedia_mx/status/1354236888136224775 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/x99 Map of Githubtopics on Wikidata] ([https://twitter.com/salgo60/status/1356191659772571653 Source]) ***[http://w.wiki/vjv Eye color distribution of the people on Wikidata] ([https://twitter.com/wikimediaid/status/1354042976985518081 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/w2S Timeline with the start date of the Summer Olympics] ([https://twitter.com/Wikimedia_mx/status/1355946779179683843 Source]) ** Newest database reports: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Names/reports/given names/Czech|Czech given names]] * '''Development''' ** Continuing development on the first version of the Query Builder. It's starting to be able to do the first really meaningful queries now. Latest addition was the ability to negate conditions. Up next is the ability to connect conditions with OR instead of only AND as well as querying for quantities and ranges. You can follow along on the [https://query-builder-test.toolforge.org/ test system]. ** Exploring possible solutions for how to compare Wikidata's data against other databases to find and highlight mismatches automatically. ** Added lexicographical data codes for a few languages: rkt, ctg ([[phab:T271589]]), and az-cyrl ([[phab:T265906]]) ** Finished working on the issue of TypeError on a diff of a Wikidata talk page [[phab:T271402]] ** Updated Wikidata unit conversion configuration ([[phab:T267644]]) ** Fixed two last places where links in the the Query Service UI were not using Special:MyLanguage yet to redirect to the documentation page in the user's language ([[phab:T267656]]) ** Pushing JSON dumps for Lexemes over the finish line ([[phab:T264883]]) ** Working on showing an error when trying to save lemmas with invalid language codes ([[phab:T265783]]) ** Wikibase Release Strategy *** Investigated the release of Wikibase suite components not maintained by Wikimedia ([[phab:T271193]]) *** Continued process of adding additional components to the Wikibase release, including OAuth ([[phab:T272580]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2021 02 01|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 18:06, 1 ga Faburairu, 2021 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=21027039 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #454 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' ** Past: [[d:w:Wikipedia:WikiProject_Ghana/Parliament_of_Ghana/Members_of_the_5th_Parliament_of_the_4th_Republic_of_Ghana/Contest|Parliament of Ghana Wikidata contest]] launch: from February 1 to February 28, 2020 - ([https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=olCEerKhC5Q YouTube replay]) ** Upcoming: [[m:Wikibase Community User Group/Meetings/February 2021|Next Wikibase live session]] is [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1613059230 16:00 UTC on Thursday 11 February 2021] [https://calendar.google.com/event?action=TEMPLATE&tmeid=MXNkODJuM2ZxbjViOWpwNGgxa2tjM2ZkdDMgY183MXZ0MTdhNXFtbTFnYXFlNm1wdjNpYW9kc0Bn&tmsrc=c_71vt17a5qmm1gaqe6mpv3iaods%40group.calendar.google.com (Add to calendar)]. You're welcome to come and share out about your project or what you're working on around Wikibase. ** Upcoming: Next Linked Data for Libraries [[Wikidata:WikiProject LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group/Affinity Group Calls|LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group]] call: Mapping the Scottish Reformation, Tuesday, February 9th.[https://docs.google.com/document/d/1mlgDczP_R3yNVYcvTTQSa8_woG_Kv6YTdJLgQ55QhfU/edit?usp=sharing] ** Upcoming: [https://www.twitch.tv/belett SPARQL queries] live on Twitch and in French by Vigneron, February 9 at 18:00 CET ** Upcoming: [[d:Wikidata:Events/Swedish_online_editathon#Träff_#49|Online Wikidata meetup in Swedish #49]], February 14 ** Upcoming video: LIVE Wikidata editing #31 Free Software Day - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IkAirxHj-Ps YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2887608388190986/ Facebook], February 14 ** Upcoming: [[d:Wikidata:Events#Wikidata_bug_triage_hour|Bug triage hour about Lexemes]], February 16 * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** [https://62mkv.github.io/wikidata/linguistics/2021/02/01/long-road-to-lexeme.html Blog post by 62mkv about importing Estonian Lexemes on Wikidata] ** Video: Wikidata editing #30 - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XBumtc9Adsc YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/wikipediaweekly/permalink/3620310794683392/ Facebook] ** Video: [[m:Global Open Initiative Foundation|Global Open Initiative Foundation]] Open Refine and Quikstatement Workshop. By Ursula Oberst - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9yadCl4v_dw YouTube] ** Video: Wikidata and Minority Languages (Art+Feminism 2021 in Ghana). By [[m:Dagbani Wikimedians User Group|Dagbani Wikimedians User Group]] - ([https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mPlHnFIaCNg YouTube]) ** Video: Wikidata as a PID community. By Simon Cobb - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LZWJ6b5aAsU YouTube] * '''Tool of the week''' ** [[d:Template:Item documentation|Item documentation]] has two new features. First, it now includes two predefined SPARQL queries. The first one give the number of statements about the item by property and the second the list of statement about the properties. Second, for items of class award, it includes predefined SPARQL queries from [[d:Template:TP award|TP award]]. See [[d:Talk:Q1624297|Q1624297]] for an example. ** [https://ranker.toolforge.org/ Ranker] lets you edit the ranks of several statements at once. * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** [[d:Wikidata_talk:WikidataCon_2021#WikidataCon_update_-_January_2021|Update on the state of WikidataCon 2021 for January]] ** [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikidata/2021-February/014475.html New development roadmap for Wikidata and Wikibase for 2021 has been published]. In addition, you will find [[d:Wikidata:Development plan/archive2020/status updates|here]] the status updates on what was achieved for each of the 2020 goals. ** [[d:Wikidata_talk:Improve_the_workflows_for_queries_and_lists/Simple_query_Builder#Query_Builder_update_-_February_2020|Update on the development of the Easy Query Builder]], your feedback is welcome **[https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikidata/2021-February/014486.html Call for feedback on Wikimedia Foundation Community Board seats] has started on February 1. More information and ways to participate are available on [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Community Board seats|this Meta-Wiki page]]. **New updates to [[m:Mix'n'match|Mix'n'match]]: ***Import/update function for Mix’n’match catalogs ([[m:Mix'n'match/Import|manual]]) ([https://twitter.com/MagnusManske/status/1356287316394962944 source]) *** Refreshed the Mix’n’match dataset for potential new human Wikidata items ([https://twitter.com/MagnusManske/status/1357672520120479747 source]) * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P9107|number of vaccinations]], [[:d:Property:P9126|Commons media contributed by]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P9102|CineFanRo person ID]], [[:d:Property:P9103|Enciclopedia del Museo del Prado ID]], [[:d:Property:P9104|Encyclopedia of Brno object ID]], [[:d:Property:P9105|Dictionnaire des journalistes ID]], [[:d:Property:P9106|Oxford Classical Dictionary ID]], [[:d:Property:P9108|Erudit article ID]], [[:d:Property:P9109|Holocaust.cz person ID]], [[:d:Property:P9110|Le Lettere di Theodor Mommsen agli Italiani ID]], [[:d:Property:P9111|SISSCO ID]], [[:d:Property:P9112|IFLA value vocabularies ID]], [[:d:Property:P9113|Patrinum ID]], [[:d:Property:P9114|Mathematica Italiana person ID]], [[:d:Property:P9115|Jewish Museum Berlin object ID]], [[:d:Property:P9116|Musica Brasilis score ID]], [[:d:Property:P9117|BVFE author ID]], [[:d:Property:P9118|Family Video Game Database ID]], [[:d:Property:P9119|LexML Brazil ID]], [[:d:Property:P9120|Pepys Encylopedia ID]], [[:d:Property:P9121|National Museum Norway artwork ID]], [[:d:Property:P9122|SportsLogos.net team ID]], [[:d:Property:P9123|Catalan Vikidia ID]], [[:d:Property:P9124|Russian Vikidia ID]], [[:d:Property:P9125|Microsoft MVP profile ID]], [[:d:Property:P9128|Debian Package Tracker ID]], [[:d:Property:P9129|Data Collection of the Hungarian Peerage ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/IPHAE ID|IPHAE ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/FLOSS policy URL|FLOSS policy URL]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Digest|Digest]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/subsidy|subsidy]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/fingerprint|fingerprint]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/TlF Artist ID|TlF Artist ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Encyclopedia of Seventh-day Adventists ID|Encyclopedia of Seventh-day Adventists ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/GTDB taxon|GTDB taxon]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Joods Monument ID|Joods Monument ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/HathiTrust Volume Identifier|HathiTrust Volume Identifier]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Open Tree of Life ID|Open Tree of Life ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/AllMusic IDs|AllMusic IDs]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Evighetsrunor|Evighetsrunor]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Tree of Life contributor ID|Tree of Life contributor ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Astro Awani topic ID|Astro Awani topic ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Rate Your Music genre ID|Rate Your Music genre ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/De Lakenhal-artwork-ID|De Lakenhal-artwork-ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Encyclopédie berbère article ID|Encyclopédie berbère article ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Can I use|Can I use]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/identifiant inventaire Bourgogne-Franche-Comté|identifiant inventaire Bourgogne-Franche-Comté]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/identifiant inventaire Centre-Val de Loire|identifiant inventaire Centre-Val de Loire]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/identifiant inventaire Hauts-de-France|identifiant inventaire Hauts-de-France]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/identifiant inventaire Normandie|identifiant inventaire Normandie]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/identifiant inventaire Île-de-France|identifiant inventaire Île-de-France]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/identifiant inventaire Pays de la Loire|identifiant inventaire Pays de la Loire]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/identifiant inventaire Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur|identifiant inventaire Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** [https://w.wiki/yMQ directors of episodes of ''The Mentalist''] ([https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Talk:Q204228?uselang=en source]<!-- uselang=en is needed, otherwise the query there might not be visible. Somehow this got lost in last weeks report -->) *** [https://w.wiki/y8i Articles from The Wētā entomology journal] ([https://twitter.com/SiobhanLeachman/status/1358221509110628353 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/yQa Town halls of the municipalities that surround Nantes] ([https://twitter.com/slaettaratindur/status/1358162635469033477 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/yQb Caves containing prehistoric art] ([https://twitter.com/volksvlijt/status/1357797450073964544 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/xs3 Endemic birds in a place located in France] ([https://twitter.com/ash_crow/status/1357676400451461129 Source]) ** Newest [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProjects]]: ***[[:d:Wikidata:WikiProject Brazilian Laws|WikiProject Brazilian Laws]] * '''Development''' ** Made it possible to connect query conditions with OR (instead of only AND) in the Query Builder ([[phab:T272694]]) ** Making it possible to query only for statements with or without a reference in the Query Builder ([[phab:T272699]]) ** Continuing to work on adding a rate limit for creating Item IDs to prevent people from allocating a large number of unassigned Item IDs that are then lost ([[phab:T272032]]) ** Working on the problem of Lexeme merging failing if the source Lexeme has links to its own Senses ([[phab:T273830]]) ** Working on showing an error when trying to save a Lemma with invalid language code on a Lexeme ([[phab:T265783]]) ** Fixing an issue in the Property selector fallback where it is not falling back from language variant to major language ([[phab:T272712]]) ** Making it possible to add Interwiki links to/from Multilingual Wikisource ([[phab:T138332]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2021 02 08|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 18:44, 8 ga Faburairu, 2021 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=21071131 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #455 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''Discussions''' ** Other: [[d:User:So9q/Tool ideas/ImproveWikidata|Tool ideas/ImproveWikidata]] * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' **Past: Linked Open Storytelling - Winter School 2021 - Fellow-Programm Freies Wissen (in German) ([https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7JuqzW_zOBc&feature=youtu.be reply on YouTube]) ** Upcoming: [https://www.twitch.tv/belett SPARQL queries] live on Twitch and in French by Vigneron, February 16 at 18:00 CET ** Upcoming: [[d:Wikidata:Events#Wikidata_bug_triage_hour|Bug triage hour about Lexemes]], February 16 ** Upcoming video: LIVE Wikidata editing #32 - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BlxsQQPfrqU YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2892173044401187/ Facebook], February 20 ** Upcoming: [[d:Wikidata:Events/Swedish_online_editathon#Träff_#50|Online Wikidata meetup in Swedish #50]], February 21 * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** Blog post: [https://datajournalism.com/read/longreads/the-promise-of-wikidata The promise of Wikidata: How journalists can use the crowdsourced open knowledge base as a data source], by [[w:User:Shameran81|Monika Sengul-Jones]] ** Blog post: [https://zbw.eu/labs/en/blog/data-donation-to-wikidata-part-2-country-subject-dossiers-of-the-20th-century-press-archives Data donation to Wikidata, part 2: country/subject dossiers of the 20th Century Press Archives] (by [[User:Jneubert|Joachim Neubert]], ZBW Labs) ** Blog post: [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2021/02/09/bibliography-and-citations-of-hausa-folklore/ Bibliography and Citations of Hausa Folklore] by [[d:User:Anasskoko|Anasskoko]] ** Video: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m50voG57yac Querying Linked (Wiki)data with SPARQL ✨] (presentation by [[d:User:Lucas Werkmeister|Lucas Werkmeister]] at rC3, 90 minutes) ** Video: Wikidata editing #31 Free Software Day - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IkAirxHj-Ps YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2887608388190986/ Facebook] ** Video: Knowledge Graphs for AI: Wikidata and beyond - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mTz0zSNSKEY YouTube] * '''Tool of the week''' ** UseAsRef script allows you to add references to statements using one external ID as source (see [[d:User:Bargioni/UseAsRef|User:Bargioni/UseAsRef]] and this [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-3nkeqKnfTg YouTube video] for more information) * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** [[m:Abstract_Wikipedia/Updates/2021-02-10|Abstract Wikipedia presents prototypes of two tools that could help people to visualize, exemplify, and better guide our understanding of the coverage of lexicographic data in Wikidata]]. ** [https://pro.europeana.eu/post/public-domain-tool-automating-the-calculation-of-works-in-the-public-domain Public Domain Tool], developed by the Flemish Institute for Archives automates the process of determining whether their collection items could be in the public domain. ** Sizes of country items (like [[d:Q45|"Portugal" (Q45)]]) were recently reduced by 30% to 50% by moving a few economics properties to "economy of"-items (sample: [[d:Q1649355|"economy of Portugal" (Q1649355)]]). The item "economy of Portugal" is currently larger than "Portugal". This can simplify uses of country items that previously timed-out. Infoboxes can still access the properties with the link through [[d:Property:P8744|"economy of topic" (P8744)]]. ** Later this week, the development team will enable a rate limit for assigning new item IDs. Bots and users who successfully create items should notice no change, since the rate limit is equal to the existing limit on all edits. However, bots that often ''fail'' to create items may start to see different error messages than usual. This will hopefully reduce the problem of skipped item IDs. ** [[mw:WMDE Engineering/Participate in UX Activities|Guidelines and compensation for UX research lead by Wikimedia Germany]] ([https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikidata/2021-February/014516.html announcement]) * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P9138|service status information URL]], [[:d:Property:P9139|first family name in Portuguese name]], [[:d:Property:P9140|time played]], [[:d:Property:P9149|coordinates of depicted place]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P9130|CompositionToday composers showcase ID]], [[:d:Property:P9131|Royal Museums Greenwich artwork ID]], [[:d:Property:P9132|Saint Louis Art Museum artwork ID]], [[:d:Property:P9133|AZLyrics.com song ID]], [[:d:Property:P9134|Studio di Fonologia Musicale RAI person ID]], [[:d:Property:P9135|WreckSite ID]], [[:d:Property:P9136|SOUNZ contributor ID]], [[:d:Property:P9137|Doktori.hu ID]], [[:d:Property:P9141|Portal da Literatura ID]], [[:d:Property:P9142|IPHAE ID]], [[:d:Property:P9143|Play:Right ID]], [[:d:Property:P9144|National Portrait Gallery (London) artwork ID]], [[:d:Property:P9145|Xinjiang Data Project identifier]], [[:d:Property:P9146|CITWF title ID]], [[:d:Property:P9147|Union Catalog of Armenian Continuing Resources ID]], [[:d:Property:P9148|Saxony-Anhalt cultural heritage object ID]], [[:d:Property:P9150|FloGrappling ID]], [[:d:Property:P9151|Can I use feature ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/National Gallery of Art Library Bibliographic ID|National Gallery of Art Library Bibliographic ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/letterer|letterer]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/set during recurring event|set during recurring event]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/number of references|number of references]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/sensors|sensors]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Applying institution|Applying institution]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Lexikon Literatur in Tirol|Lexikon Literatur in Tirol]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Danmarks Adresseregister named street ID|Danmarks Adresseregister named street ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Baidu Baike ID (2)|Baidu Baike ID (2)]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Kickstarter username|Kickstarter username]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Protagonisti della storia delle scienze della mente ID|Protagonisti della storia delle scienze della mente ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Curling.fi player ID|Curling.fi player ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/RILM ID|RILM ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Swiss vote ID|Swiss vote ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/svoyak.info player ID|svoyak.info player ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Germanistenverzeichnis|Germanistenverzeichnis]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Svenska Institutet i Rom ID|Svenska Institutet i Rom ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CinemaRx title ID|CinemaRx title ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Sinemalar title ID|Sinemalar title ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/English Placenames MADS ID|English Placenames MADS ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Armenian Book ID|Armenian Book ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/identifiant inventaire Occitanie|identifiant inventaire Occitanie]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/AaRC title ID|AaRC title ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Biblioteca Iglesia Nacional Española en Roma ID|Biblioteca Iglesia Nacional Española en Roma ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/BFS ID|BFS ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Dizionario biografico online degli anarchici italiani ID|Dizionario biografico online degli anarchici italiani ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/JedeSchule.de ID|JedeSchule.de ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/bashenc.online ID|bashenc.online ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Svoya Igra television player ID|Svoya Igra television player ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Wisconsin Architecture and History Inventory ID|Wisconsin Architecture and History Inventory ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** [http://w.wiki/yQR Spanish Wikipedia articles about women astronauts] ([https://twitter.com/editatona/status/1359980994636488705 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/Com Websites related to works in the Women's & Gender History DH list] ([https://twitter.com/dta_cthomas/status/1360198435715100672 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/ykR List of states with more than one official language] ([https://twitter.com/belett/status/1359533946959245317 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/yVm Location of the organizations in the Name Assigning Authority Number (NAAN) registry] ([https://twitter.com/BertrandCaron/status/1359094070409322496 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/y$C List of locations named after the planned language Esperanto or its founder, L. L. Zamenhof] *** [https://w.wiki/yAR Use the MediaWiki API to get the content of a Wikipedia category into a query] *** [https://w.wiki/zAD Number of scholarly articles sharing their datasets] ([https://twitter.com/jsamwrites/status/1360556323448971271 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/zPN Most specific taxon that includes two given species] ([https://twitter.com/danbri/status/1361065883280506888 Source]) * '''Development''' ** Work on the Simple Query Builder continues. We finished connecting query conditions via OR ([[phab:T272694]]). Next we will work on adding the UI for sharing the visual query via a link ([[phab:T272887]]) ** Improved the deployment process for the Query Service UI to make it easier to deploy ** Fixed language code "dag" for Dagbani not working for Lemmas for Lexemes ([[phab:T272242]]) ** Fixing the bug where the Property selector is not falling back from language variant to major language for Property labels ([[phab:T272712]]) ** Adding a rate limit for creating Item IDs to avoid skipping so many due to misbehaving bots ([[phab:T272032]]) ** Fixed the case where no error was shown when trying to save a lemma with an invalid language code ([[phab:T265783]]) ** Fixed a but where merging two Lexemes fails if the source Lexeme has links to its own Senses ([[phab:T273830]]) ** Increasing the rate of edits that trigger a check by the constraint checker to 50%. This will increase the number of constraints violations that you can query in the Query Service. ([[phab:T204031]]) ** Making it possible to add interwiki links to/from Multilingual Wikisource ([[phab:T138332]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2021 02 15|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 17:22, 15 ga Faburairu, 2021 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=21085534 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #456 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''Discussions''' ** Open request for adminship: [[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Administrator/Dr.üsenfieber|Dr.üsenfieber]] - RfP scheduled to end after 24 February 2021 14:19 (UTC) ** New request for comments: [[Wikidata:Requests for comment/P155/P156 as qualifiers only, rather than as main statements|P155/P156 as qualifiers only, rather than as main statements]] * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' ** Past: Wikidata bug triage hour about Lexemes. [https://etherpad.wikimedia.org/p/WikidataBugTriageHour Notes available here] ** Past: Online Talk Show on Fri, Feb 19, 2021, by Wikimedia Indonesia and Fariz Darari - Take a peek into the data warehouse of Wikimedia projects (= Wikidata): [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tekLS0UCoeM Youtube link] ** Upcoming: Next Linked Data for Libraries [[Wikidata:WikiProject LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group/Affinity Group Calls|LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group]] call: Adding bibliographic data to Wikidata with Jason Evans, Wikimedian in residence at the Wales National Library, Tuesday, February 23rd.[https://docs.google.com/document/d/1IV6TK6JE5tHKO2fga801HnKFBQNQcwN-j58dhDTVtE8/edit#] ** Upcoming video: LIVE Wikidata editing #33 - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DPQTRMiYYf4 YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2897172903901201/ Facebook], February 27 ** Upcoming: [[d:Wikidata:Events/Swedish_online_editathon#Träff_#51|Online Wikidata meetup in Swedish #51]], February 28 * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** Blogpost: [https://commonists.wordpress.com/2021/02/21/wikidata-and-the-sum-of-all-video-games-%e2%88%92-2020-edition/ Wikidata and the sum of all video games − 2020 edition] ** Video: Basic tutorial on how to annotate an article with Wikidata tags for the ANN project - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gFKAWNYbBDk YouTube] ** Video: The Wikidata community: tools to communicate, ask for help, exchange ideas and opinions (in Italian) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rUZyzWZKoMI YouTube] ** Video: REfB (Reference Bot): Adding new references to WikiData statements by [[d:User:Csisc|Houcemeddine Turki]] - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u4gJEwB2EkY YouTube] ** Video: Wikidata editing #32 - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BlxsQQPfrqU YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2892173044401187/ Facebook] ** Video: Knowledge graphs lecture - RDF, Wikidata, SHACL, ShEx (in Russian) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jOvProRbG0Q YouTube] ** Podcast: [[d:User:Addshore|Adam Shorland]] [https://betweenthebrackets.libsyn.com/episode-80-adam-shorlandtalks talks about Wikidata and Wikibase on Between The Brackets Mediawiki podcast]. * '''Tool of the week''' ** [[d:User:Nikki/LexemeForms-SearchPage.js|LexemeForms-SearchPage]] adds links on the search results page for creating new lexemes using the [[d:Wikidata:Wikidata Lexeme Forms|Lexeme Forms tool]] based on the languages in your Babel box. * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** [https://vglist.co/ Vglist] is a video game library tracking web app that is mostly based on Wikidata. **WMF Board of Trustees - Call for feedback: Community Board seats: [[:m:Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Community Board seats/Conversations/Wikidata|Meetings with the Wikidata community on Feb 24 and Mar 3]]. * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P9149|coordinates of depicted place]], [[:d:Property:P9161|thesis committee member]], [[:d:Property:P9180|number of at bats]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P9142|IPHAE ID]], [[:d:Property:P9143|Play:Right ID]], [[:d:Property:P9144|National Portrait Gallery (London) artwork ID]], [[:d:Property:P9145|Xinjiang Data Project identifier]], [[:d:Property:P9146|CITWF title ID]], [[:d:Property:P9147|Union Catalog of Armenian Continuing Resources ID]], [[:d:Property:P9148|Saxony-Anhalt cultural heritage object ID]], [[:d:Property:P9150|FloGrappling ID]], [[:d:Property:P9151|Can I use feature ID]], [[:d:Property:P9152|CollectieGelderland-creator-ID]], [[:d:Property:P9153|VAi building ID]], [[:d:Property:P9154|Heritage Information System ID in the database of cultural heritage in Austria]], [[:d:Property:P9155|Joods Monument ID]], [[:d:Property:P9156|Lumni person ID]], [[:d:Property:P9157|Open Tree of Life ID]], [[:d:Property:P9158|Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal GTB ID]], [[:d:Property:P9159|People Australia ID]], [[:d:Property:P9160|Biographical Dictionary of the Czech Lands ID]], [[:d:Property:P9162|EMS ID]], [[:d:Property:P9163|Spletni biografski leksikon znanih Primorcev in Primork ID]], [[:d:Property:P9164|Svenska Institutet i Rom ID]], [[:d:Property:P9165|Lexikon Literatur in Tirol ID]], [[:d:Property:P9166|Curling.fi player ID]], [[:d:Property:P9167|De Lakenhal artwork ID]], [[:d:Property:P9168|Hauts-de-France Inventory identifier]], [[:d:Property:P9169|Tree of Life contributor ID]], [[:d:Property:P9170|Taiwan River Code]], [[:d:Property:P9171|RILM ID]], [[:d:Property:P9172|playDB artist ID]], [[:d:Property:P9173|Rate Your Music genre ID]], [[:d:Property:P9174|XXXBios transgender performer ID]], [[:d:Property:P9175|Centre-Val de Loire Inventory identifier]], [[:d:Property:P9176|Occitanie Inventory identifier]], [[:d:Property:P9177|playDB play ID]], [[:d:Property:P9178|Biblioteca Franco Serantini ID]], [[:d:Property:P9179|Biblioteca Iglesia Nacional Española en Roma ID]], [[:d:Property:P9181|Germanistenverzeichnis ID]], [[:d:Property:P9182|uta-net.com song ID]], [[:d:Property:P9183|uta-net.com artist ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/sensors|sensors]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Applying institution|Applying institution]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/FAQ url|FAQ url]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/digital distribution platform|digital distribution platform]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Bandcamp Tag|Bandcamp Tag]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Anzahl der Staffeln|Anzahl der Staffeln]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/PDDikti ID|PDDikti ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/template applies category|template applies category]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/workers represented by|workers represented by]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/alt text|alt text]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/demographics of topic|demographics of topic]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/AaRC title ID|AaRC title ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Dizionario biografico online degli anarchici italiani ID|Dizionario biografico online degli anarchici italiani ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/JedeSchule.de ID|JedeSchule.de ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/bashenc.online ID|bashenc.online ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Svoya Igra television player ID|Svoya Igra television player ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Wisconsin Architecture and History Inventory ID|Wisconsin Architecture and History Inventory ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/TaDiRAH ID (2)|TaDiRAH ID (2)]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Oklahoma's NRHP ID|Oklahoma's NRHP ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Sauvons nos tombes cemetery ID|Sauvons nos tombes cemetery ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Discogs genre ID|Discogs genre ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Sauvons nos tombes person ID|Sauvons nos tombes person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Odnoklassniki user numeric ID|Odnoklassniki user numeric ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CPC-PR ID|CPC-PR ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Obituaries Australia ID|Obituaries Australia ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Indigenous Australia ID|Indigenous Australia ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Women Australia ID|Women Australia ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/AIATSIS Subject Thesaurus ID|AIATSIS Subject Thesaurus ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Biografisches Handbuch – Todesopfer der Grenzregime am Eisernen Vorhang ID|Biografisches Handbuch – Todesopfer der Grenzregime am Eisernen Vorhang ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Filmitalia film ID|Filmitalia film ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Filmitalia person ID|Filmitalia person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Resident Advisor Venue ID|Resident Advisor Venue ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/GB1900 ID|GB1900 ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/AIATSIS Place Thesaurus ID|AIATSIS Place Thesaurus ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Mixcloud ID|Mixcloud ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Labour Australia ID|Labour Australia ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Mexicana Repositorio|Mexicana Repositorio]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Science Magazine author ID|Science Magazine author ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Everipedia ID|Everipedia ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ARAE ID|ARAE ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Archivo Linz de la Transición Española ID|Archivo Linz de la Transición Española ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Museo Nacional de la Estampa ID|Museo Nacional de la Estampa ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/NParks Flora & Fauna Web ID|NParks Flora & Fauna Web ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/identifiant inventaire Bourgogne-Franche-Comté|identifiant inventaire Bourgogne-Franche-Comté]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/identifiant inventaire Île-de-France|identifiant inventaire Île-de-France]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/identifiant inventaire Normandie|identifiant inventaire Normandie]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/identifiant inventaire Pays de la Loire|identifiant inventaire Pays de la Loire]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/identifiant inventaire Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur|identifiant inventaire Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Diccionari de la traducció catalana ID|Diccionari de la traducció catalana ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** [https://w.wiki/zdd List of vegan restaurants] *** [https://w.wiki/$fK List of food that are iconic to particular countries] ([https://twitter.com/KarlXOblique/status/1363054210900762627 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/zyH Map of monuments in Lower Saxony, Germany] ([https://w.wiki/zyC Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/$aX Map of former plantations in Surinam] ([https://twitter.com/hayify/status/1363075272447324161 Source)] *** [https://w.wiki/fP7 Map of Wats in Thailand] - ([https://twitter.com/MaewNam/status/1362020624487612417 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/zZd Localities in Mexico and contain 𝐒𝐚n in their name] ([https://twitter.com/Wikimedia_mx/status/1361796008305393665 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/zm6 Female mycologists born pre-1900, sorted by number of sitelinks] ([https://twitter.com/SiobhanLeachman/status/1361727131030413312 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/zd2 Women scientists who were born between the year 1500 and 1900] ([https://twitter.com/Wikimedia_mx/status/1363307817696776192 Source]) * '''Development''' ** Fixed wrongly encoded HTML in some messages in the Wikidata Bridge ([[phab:T272350]]) ** Working on showing all languages in the language suggester for monolingual text Properties ([[phab:T124758]]) ** Fixed an issue with spaces in external identifier URLs being replaced by "+" ([[phab:T271126]]) ** Added a rate limit for creating Item IDs, which should help with decreasing the number of skipped Q-IDs ([[phab:T272032]]) ** Fixed an issue where whitespace was stripped while typing when editing Lexemes ([[phab:T250550]]) ** Fixing the case where you cannot easily edit negative quantities after saving ([[phab:T274129]]) ** Working on making it possible to query for quantity values in the Query Builder ([[phab:T268942]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2021 02 22|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 14:06, 22 ga Faburairu, 2021 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=21126172 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #457 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''Discussions''' ** Closed request for adminship: [[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Administrator/Dr.üsenfieber|Dr.üsenfieber]] (unsussesful) ** New request for comments: [[d:Wikidata:Requests for comment/P155/P156 as qualifiers only, rather than as main statements|P155/P156 as qualifiers only, rather than as main statements]] * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' ** Upcoming: [https://www.twitch.tv/belett SPARQL queries] live on Twitch and in French by Vigneron, March 2 at 18:00 CET ** Upcoming video: LIVE Wikidata editing #34 Open Data Day - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CoUfkQ0mVe8 YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2902104563408035/ Facebook], March 6 ** Upcoming: [[d:Wikidata:Events/Swedish_online_editathon#Träff_#52|Online Wikidata meetup in Swedish #52]], March 7 ** Upcoming: [[d:Wikidata:Events#Wikidata_bug_triage_hour|Wikidata bug triage hour]] about Lexemes, March 22nd ** Upcoming: [https://www.unb.ca/fredericton/management/ibec/data-challenge1.html Wikidata-based Data Sprint hosted by the University of New Brunswick]. One Wikidata data set will be provided on 11th March 2021 and various teams will have 2 hours to run a set of SPARQL queries against the Wikidata Query Service (WDQS) and showcase their results. * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** Blogpost: [https://rpubs.com/yannryan/729877 Wikidata and Correspondence Archives] (Enriching basic metadata with a knowledge graph) ** Blogpost: [https://datajournalism.com/read/longreads/the-promise-of-wikidata The promise of Wikidata] - How journalists can use the crowdsourced open knowledge base as a data source (at DataJournalism.com) ** Video: Accra Archive Wikidata and Wikipedia Workshop (GLAMS Campaign Ghana) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yt-Gygr3LqE YouTube] ** Video: COVID-19 coverage on Wikidata - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eYJvBgVWTqM YouTube] ** Video: Identify and describe items of bibliographic interest (articles, monographs, authors) on Wikidata (in Italian) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aP1IwCd1w_g YouTube] ** Video: Visualizing the global research ecosystem via Wikidata and Scholia - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rk_XdMCk3fA YouTube] ** Video: Demo: How to upload new bibliography and create dashboards on Wikidata - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VtwnSB2E--U YouTube] ** Video: Reconciliation Open Refine Wikidata (in Swedish) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iRX3hFu9exs YouTube] ** Video: Reconciling researchers to Wikidata via Google Sheets - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lcnLv1j4PyM YouTube] ** Video: LIVE Wikidata editing #33 - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DPQTRMiYYf4 YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2897172903901201/ Facebook] ** Video: How to create new Wikidata item (in Dutch) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kSU4QylZ3ls YouTube] ** Video: Merging Wikidata items (in Dutch) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z6AHcat-TKI YouTube] * '''Tool of the week''' ** [[:d:Wikidata:Tools/Enhance user interface#EditSum|EditSum]], a new user script which allows to attach custom summary text to any label/statement/sitelink/etc. modification. * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** [[d:User:Nikki/LexemeInterwikiLinks.js|User:Nikki/LexemeInterwikiLinks.js]], is a userscript that adds Wiktionary interwiki links in the sidebar on Lexeme pages. (It links to pages corresponding to the first lemma and puts the lexeme language's Wiktionary first, followed by languages in the user's Babel box). ** [[m:User:Lucas Werkmeister/addStatementCountsToCategories.js|User:Lucas Werkmeister/addStatementCountsToCategories.js]], is a userscript that shows the number of statements of the linked item for all pages in a category. ** [[m:WikiCite/Shared Citations|Shared Citations]], a ''proposal'' arising from the WikiCite project, for a central reference management database supporting all Wikimedia projects, with significant relationship to Wikidata. Seeking feedback. ** [[w:fr:Modèle:Indice de diversité de genre|Modèle:Indice de diversité de genre]] (Template:Gender diversity index) is a new template in the French Wikipedia which use P21 (gender property) to count the number of people by gender mentioned in an article. It helps to find articles which "forget" to cite women. ** Lexeme JSON dumps are now available as a collection of individual lexeme data in the regular JSON format, separate from the regular Wikidata dumps containing Items and Properties. [[phab:T264883]] ** [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T274569#6864569 We found a way to improve the performance of scrolling on the Item page by changing how we move the Property labels as you scroll through the page]. You should see the effect after the next deployment. ** [https://www.bbc.co.uk/things/about BBC Things] includes links to Wikidata to provide a single reference for the growing collection of entities that matter to the BBC and their audiences. * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P9180|number of at bats]], [[:d:Property:P9184|number of hits]], [[:d:Property:P9188|bases on balls]], [[:d:Property:P9190|runs batted in]], [[:d:Property:P9191|letterer]], [[:d:Property:P9192|sensors]], [[:d:Property:P9214|FAQ URL]], [[:d:Property:P9215|set during recurring event]], [[:d:Property:P9217|stolen bases]], [[:d:Property:P9220|doubles hit]], [[:d:Property:P9225|triples hit]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P9181|Germanistenverzeichnis ID]], [[:d:Property:P9182|uta-net.com song ID]], [[:d:Property:P9183|uta-net.com artist ID]], [[:d:Property:P9185|AllMusic genre/style ID]], [[:d:Property:P9186|DicoPolHiS ID]], [[:d:Property:P9187|EuroBabeIndex.com ID]], [[:d:Property:P9189|Sauvons nos tombes cemetery ID]], [[:d:Property:P9193|LombardiaBeniCulturali archive producer person ID]], [[:d:Property:P9194|LombardiaBeniCulturali archive producer organization ID]], [[:d:Property:P9195|LombardiaBeniCulturali archive producer family ID]], [[:d:Property:P9196|BookBub author ID]], [[:d:Property:P9197|TlF artist ID]], [[:d:Property:P9198|Encyclopédie berbère article ID]], [[:d:Property:P9199|Protagonisti della storia delle scienze della mente ID]], [[:d:Property:P9200|English Placenames MADS ID]], [[:d:Property:P9201|Norwegian State Administration Database ID]], [[:d:Property:P9202|teatral.ro play/theater ID]], [[:d:Property:P9203|CineFAN.ro title ID]], [[:d:Property:P9204|CinemaRX title ID]], [[:d:Property:P9205|Sinemalar title ID]], [[:d:Property:P9206|Swissvote ID]], [[:d:Property:P9207|Bourgogne-Franche-Comté inventory identifier]], [[:d:Property:P9208|Île-de-France inventory identifier]], [[:d:Property:P9209|Normandie inventory identifier]], [[:d:Property:P9210|Pays de la Loire inventory identifier]], [[:d:Property:P9211|Wisconsin Architecture and History Inventory ID]], [[:d:Property:P9212|Dizionario biografico online degli anarchici italiani ID]], [[:d:Property:P9213|Swedish Literature Bank place ID]], [[:d:Property:P9216|Opera Online conductor ID]], [[:d:Property:P9218|Discogs genre ID]], [[:d:Property:P9219|Discogs style ID]], [[:d:Property:P9221|Danmarks Adresseregister named street ID]], [[:d:Property:P9222|bashenc.online ID]], [[:d:Property:P9223|Provenio UUID]], [[:d:Property:P9224|JedeSchule.de ID]], [[:d:Property:P9226|ARAE ID]], [[:d:Property:P9227|Encyclopedia Titanica ID]], [[:d:Property:P9228|U.S. Masters Swimming ID]], [[:d:Property:P9229|DzygaMDB person ID]], [[:d:Property:P9230|NLS place type ID]], [[:d:Property:P9231|Archivo Linz de la Transición Española ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/demographics of topic|demographics of topic]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/strikeouts|strikeouts]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/district heating|district heating]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/number of signatories|number of signatories]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/opt-out|opt-out]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/payer|payer]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/secondary topic|secondary topic]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/grant number|grant number]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Future Salaries ID|Future Salaries ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Index égalité professionnelle F/H|Index égalité professionnelle F/H]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Commons incompatible image URL|Commons incompatible image URL]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/verbal ability|verbal ability]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Diccionari de la traducció catalana ID|Diccionari de la traducció catalana ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ANPI person ID|ANPI person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ANPI person numeric ID|ANPI person numeric ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/APS author ID|APS author ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/EEVA author ID|EEVA author ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Archives West finding aid ID|Archives West finding aid ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/BiographySampo person ID|BiographySampo person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Discord server numeric ID|Discord server numeric ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Discord user numeric ID|Discord user numeric ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CUT ID|CUT ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Amathus ID|Amathus ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/EUC ID|EUC ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/UPSA ID|UPSA ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/RePEc EconPapers ID|RePEc EconPapers ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Dark Horse contributor ID|Dark Horse contributor ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ComiXology publisher ID|ComiXology publisher ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Austrian Newspapers Online ID|Austrian Newspapers Online ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Cyprus Library ID|Cyprus Library ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/MyMusic artist ID|MyMusic artist ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/LFCHistory.net player ID|LFCHistory.net player ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/MeSH qualifier ID|MeSH qualifier ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** [https://w.wiki/324x Hungarian church buildings sorted by confessions] ([[d:User_talk:Mohammed_Sadat_(WMDE)#New_query_example|Source]]) *** [https://w.wiki/32kG Where Czechs most died if not in their place of birth] ([https://twitter.com/medi_cago/status/1365366579748343809 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/32kK Most popular tonalities] ([https://twitter.com/luisalvaz/status/1365328187211853829 Source]) ** Newest [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProjects]]: *** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Templates|WikiProject Templates]] for templates in Wikidata * '''Development''' ** Working on first version of small tool that lets you get the average ORES quality score for a list of Items and find the lowest-quality Items in the batch so it's easier to improve them. ** Taking a closer look at what larger improvements we want to make to Lexemes later this year. ** Thinking through different ways how we can technically get mismatches between Wikidata's data and other databases so we can later expose them. ** Thinking through what the first version of the REST API should contain and what should come later. ** Fixed an issue with whitespaces when editing Lexemes ([[phab:T250550]]) ** Made sure all languages show up in the language selector for monolingual text Properties at least with their language code because them not showing up was very confusing ([[phab:T124758]]) ** Fixed an issue with generating correct links for external IDs with + ([[phab:T271126]]) ** Fixing an issue with Property selector not falling back from language variant to major language ([[phab:T272712]]) ** Continuing to build out the [https://query-builder-test.toolforge.org/ Query Builder] and focusing on input for quantity and date queries ([[phab:T268942]] and [[phab:T272697]]) ** Due to the planned delay of the release of MediaWiki 1.36, the Wikibase team has been working on preparing a Wikibase update that includes new functionality (such as the “Federated Properties” feature) based on v1.35. To that end, we started backporting certain features and fixes into the Wikibase 1.35 release. Follow our progress [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/view/5218/ here]. [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2021 03 01|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 14:45, 1 ga Maris, 2021 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=21162484 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #458 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' ** Past: SORSE - Wikidata as a research tool for data modelling and integration in the humanities ([https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W_a8DEZz2uI replay on YouTube]) ** Past: [[m:Wikimedia Taiwan/Wikidata Taiwan/OpenDataDay Taiwan 2021|Open Data Day Taiwan 2021]] 2021-03-06 , {{Q|1867}}, {{Q|245023}}, {{Q|140631}} and online stream ([https://www.facebook.com/WikidataTW FB] and [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCDQF9ZTA1NjpOAq7NtkO8hQ Youtube]) ** Upcoming: OSM TW x Wikidata Taiwan {{Q|1867}} Meetup 2021-03-08 {{Q|61752245}} ** Upcoming: Next Linked Data for Libraries [[Wikidata:WikiProject LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group/Affinity Group Calls|LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group]] call: OCLC Research’s CONTENTdm Wikibase data model for pilot project to improve collection discoverability, Tuesday, March 9th.[https://docs.google.com/document/d/1PySajs8UGZgpJevzv21J6-5WR54kEb-c71GoVEb4DZw/edit?usp=sharing] ** Upcoming: [https://www.twitch.tv/belett SPARQL queries] live on Twitch and in French by Vigneron, March 9 at 18:00 CET ** Upcoming: LIVE Wikidata editing #35 - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JDMhcxCBA9o YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2907430509542107/ Facebook], March 13 ** Upcoming: [[d:Wikidata:Events/Swedish_online_editathon#Träff_#53|Online Wikidata meetup in Swedish #53]], March 14 * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** Blogs *** "[https://www.dbpedia.org/blog/giving-knowledge-back-to-wikipedia/ Giving knowledge back to Wikipedia]: Towards a Systematic Approach to Sync Factual Data across Wikipedia, Wikidata and External Data Sources" (by DBPedia) ** Papers *** [https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.02.28.433265 Open Natural Products Research: Curation and Dissemination of Biological Occurrences of Chemical Structures through Wikidata] *** A paper describing [https://www.coviwd.org/ COVIWD]: [http://dx.doi.org/10.21609/jiki.v14i1.941 COVIWD: COVID-19 Wikidata Dashboard] ** Videos *** Wikidata and Abstract Wikipedia by Denny Vrandečić - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OL9Cc2Mockw YouTube] *** Working hour on items of bibliographic interest in Wikidata (in Italian) -[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KYyiPjZeRls YouTube] *** Open Data Day Taiwan 2021 -[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=68vkGWWu1Ck Youtube Live] *** LIVE Wikidata editing #34 Open Data Day - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CoUfkQ0mVe8 YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2902104563408035/ Facebook] * '''Tool of the week''' **[[:d:User:Jon Harald Søby/Panoviewer.js|Panoviewer.js]] inserts an iframe from the [https://panoviewer.toolforge.org/ Panoviewer] tool to [[d:Property:P4640|photosphere image (P4640)]] statements. * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** Wikidata has now items about nine million people: 99,991,000,000 to do ([[d:Wikidata:Project_chat#Nine_million_people|project chat]]) ** A new browser for Wikidata is available: the [https://ringgaard.com/kb/Q195 SLING knowledge base browser] by [[d:User:Mringgaard|User:Mringgaard]]. It is lightning fast and entirely based on modern Web components. ** [[d:Wikidata:Lexicographical data/Focus languages|Help choose focus languages for improvements to the lexicographic extension of Wikidata and Abstract Wikipedia]]. Nominations should be submitted by April 7, and the decision will be made by April 14 by the teams taking your comments into account. ** [[m:Abstract Wikipedia/Wikifunctions logo concept/Vote|Help to choose a design concept for the logo of the new Wikifunctions wiki]]. Voting ends before Monday March 15th 23:59 UTC. ** [https://twitter.com/MagnusManske/status/1368939368250040322 PetScan can now generate KML map overlay data]. E.g. [https://petscan.wmflabs.org/?psid=18591379&format=kml University towns in Germany]. ([https://wikidata-todo.toolforge.org/render_kml.html?kml=https://petscan.wmflabs.org/?psid=18591379%26format=kml Map view]) * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P9234|supplement to]], [[:d:Property:P9235|seismic classification]], [[:d:Property:P9237|reissue of]], [[:d:Property:P9238|staking percentage]], [[:d:Property:P9239|affiliated worker organisation]], [[:d:Property:P9241|demographics of topic]], [[:d:Property:P9259|assessment outcome]], [[:d:Property:P9260|notation writer]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P9231|Archivo Linz de la Transición Española ID]], [[:d:Property:P9232|Obituaries Australia ID]], [[:d:Property:P9233|XXXBios female performer ID]], [[:d:Property:P9236|RDA value vocabularies ID]], [[:d:Property:P9240|Encyclopedia of Seventh-day Adventists ID]], [[:d:Property:P9242|Whiskybase distillery ID]], [[:d:Property:P9243|NParks Flora & Fauna Web ID]], [[:d:Property:P9244|Women Australia ID]], [[:d:Property:P9245|Labour Australia ID]], [[:d:Property:P9246|Indigenous Australia ID]], [[:d:Property:P9247|Pontifical University of Salamanca ID]], [[:d:Property:P9248|EEVA author ID]], [[:d:Property:P9249|Nauvoo Community Project ID]], [[:d:Property:P9250|Cyprus Library ID]], [[:d:Property:P9251|Cyprus University of Technology ID]], [[:d:Property:P9252|Amathus ID]], [[:d:Property:P9253|European University Cyprus ID]], [[:d:Property:P9254|Museo Nacional de la Estampa ID]], [[:d:Property:P9255|Resident Advisor club ID]], [[:d:Property:P9256|Diccionari de la traducció catalana ID]], [[:d:Property:P9257|CPC-PR ID]], [[:d:Property:P9258|Austrian Newspapers Online ID]], [[:d:Property:P9261|Oklahoma's NRHP ID]], [[:d:Property:P9262|ChemRxiv ID]], [[:d:Property:P9263|Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Inventory ID]], [[:d:Property:P9264|FFF player ID (new scheme)]], [[:d:Property:P9265|Physics Magazine author ID]], [[:d:Property:P9266|Ligue 1 player ID]], [[:d:Property:P9267|ANPI person numeric ID]], [[:d:Property:P9268|Science Magazine author ID]], [[:d:Property:P9269|Odnoklassniki user numeric ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/verbal ability|verbal ability]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/易玩應用程序標識符|易玩應用程序標識符]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/earned run average|earned run average]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/named place on map|named place on map]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/inhabitants of topic|inhabitants of topic]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/consequence of text|consequence of text]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/writing style|writing style]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/applicant|applicant]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/co-applicant|co-applicant]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Cantonese romanisation|Cantonese romanisation]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/repairability|repairability]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/MeSH qualifier ID|MeSH qualifier ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Encyclopedia of Ostrava person ID|Encyclopedia of Ostrava person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Encyclopedia of Plzeň person ID|Encyclopedia of Plzeň person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Stadtlexikon Karlsruhe|Stadtlexikon Karlsruhe]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Museum of the jewish people ID|Museum of the jewish people ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Encyclopaedia Herder concept ID|Encyclopaedia Herder concept ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Encyclopedia of Greater Philadelphia ID|Encyclopedia of Greater Philadelphia ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Biblioteca Capitolare di Verona author ID|Biblioteca Capitolare di Verona author ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Enciclopedia de Puerto Rico|Enciclopedia de Puerto Rico]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/PorcelanaBrasil ID|PorcelanaBrasil ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Eesti entsüklopeedia ID|Eesti entsüklopeedia ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Encyclopedia of Melbourne ID|Encyclopedia of Melbourne ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Cyprus Bibliography ID|Cyprus Bibliography ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/JaneladaHistoria ID|JaneladaHistoria ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/OsobnostiRegionu.cz ID|OsobnostiRegionu.cz ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Encyclopedia of French Cultural Heritage in North America ID|Encyclopedia of French Cultural Heritage in North America ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ Encyclopédie du patrimoine culturel de l'Amérique française ID| Encyclopédie du patrimoine culturel de l'Amérique française ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Inforegister ID|Inforegister ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Terezín Memorial Database ID|Terezín Memorial Database ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/AWB lemma ID|AWB lemma ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/MWB lemma ID|MWB lemma ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/MHDBDB lemma ID|MHDBDB lemma ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Woerterbuchnetz.de IDs for Middle High German|Woerterbuchnetz.de IDs for Middle High German]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Lëtzebuerger Online Dictionnaire ID|Lëtzebuerger Online Dictionnaire ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Woerterbuchnetz.de IDs for modern German|Woerterbuchnetz.de IDs for modern German]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Das wissenschaftliche Bibellexikon im Internet ID|Das wissenschaftliche Bibellexikon im Internet ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** [https://w.wiki/34Mo Deceased people with verified Twitter accounts] ([https://twitter.com/grafst/status/1367309410020786181 source]) *** [https://w.wiki/34k8 members of ''Ludlamshöhle'', a society in Vienna (1819-1826)] ([[d:Wikidata_talk:WikiProject_Austria#Ludlamshöhle|source]]) *** [https://w.wiki/34Js Things discovered or invented by women] ([https://twitter.com/mlpoulter/status/1368888720380866564 Source]) ** Newest [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProjects]]: *** [[Wikidata:WikiProject Early Modern England and Wales]] ([[d:WD:WP EMEW|WD:WP EMEW]]) ** Newest database reports: *** [[d:Wikidata:Database reports/Gadget usage statistics|Gadget usage statistics]] - Includes gadgets enabled in preferences or common.js * '''Development''' ** Fixed an issue where the Property selector is not falling back from language variant to major language ([[phab:T272712]]) ** Working on support for editing statements on Senses on Lexemes via wbeditentity ([[phab:T199896]]) ** Continuing to work on the [https://query-builder-test.toolforge.org/ Query Builder] and making it possible to query for quantities and dates with it. ** Putting finishing touches on a small tool that lets you get the average ORES quality score for a list of Items as well as the individual scores for each of the Items [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2021 03 08|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 17:02, 8 ga Maris, 2021 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=21197714 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #459 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''Discussions''' ** Open request for adminship: [[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Administrator/Minorax|Minorax]] (RfP scheduled to end after 19 March 2021 11:23 UTC) * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' ** Upcoming: [[d:Wikidata:Events/30 lexic-o-days 2021|30 Lexic-o-days]], events and projects around lexicographical data, from March 15th to April 14th. ([[d:Wikidata:Events/30_lexic-o-days_2021#Events|full schedule, details and links here]]) *** March 15: Kickstart and open discussion about lexicographical data *** March 16: SPARQL queries about Lexemes (in French) with Vigneron *** March 17: Documentation Q&A with Dan Shick *** March 20: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V1Octg9GuHc Live editing on Lexemes with Ainali and Abbe98] *** March 22: Bug triage hour about Lexemes with Lydia Pintscher ** Upcoming: [[d:Wikidata:Events/Swedish_online_editathon#Träff_#54|Online Wikidata meetup in Swedish #54]], March 21 ** Upcoming: Wikidata - The Linked Open Data Platform Everyone Can Contribute To (Public talk) - [https://www.eventbrite.ca/e/wikidata-the-linked-open-data-platform-everyone-can-contribute-to-tickets-142031683589 Registration link] * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** Blogs *** [https://blog.archive.org/2021/03/09/search-scholarly-materials-preserved-in-the-internet-archive/ Internet Archive Scholar is launched] - Wikidata is thanked in the acknowledgements *** [https://sinaahmadi.github.io/posts/10-essential-sparql-queries-for-lexicographical-data-on-wikidata.html 10 basic but essential SPARQL queries for lexicographical data on Wikidata] *** [https://codethecity.org/2021/03/12/using-wikidata-aberdeens-heritage/ Using Wikidata to model Aberdeen’s Industrial Heritage] *** [https://carnegiehall.github.io/datalab/experiments/chdl-0011.html Carnegie Hall experienced a veritable rock explosion during its 1971-72 season, with 70 rock concerts between September 1971 and June 1972] *** [http://baskauf.blogspot.com/2021/03/writing-your-own-data-to-wikidata-using.html Writing your own data to Wikidata using spreadsheets: Part 1] ** Videos *** OpenStreetMap x Wikidata Taiwan Meetup Record - [https://odysee.com/@WikidataTaiwan:c/2021-03-08-19-30-26:6 Odysee] *** RDF data model of Wikidata - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0uMjCCXqQcw YouTube] *** OpenRefine​ / SPARQL editing session with Saint-Raymond Museum in Toulouse. By [[d:User:VIGNERON|VIGNERON]] - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GjDfbS4MhBI YouTube] *** LIVE Wikidata editing #35 - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JDMhcxCBA9o YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2907430509542107/ Facebook] *** An initial look at the TopicTagger tool for Wikidata - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8nTx-XpjtME YouTube] * '''Tool of the week''' **[[d:User:Nikki/LexemeToggleSections.js|User:Nikki/LexemeToggleSections.js]] script allows to expand/collapse the sections on lexeme pages. * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** [https://lab.plant-humanities.org/ Plant Humanities Lab] is a website you can use to explore the cultural histories of plants and their influence on human societies. ** [https://dxlab.sl.nsw.gov.au/art-index/ DX Lab Art Index] is an interactive database of over 18,000 nineteenth century Australian Artworks by over 2000 artists with links to Wikidata & compiled by volunteers over 10 years. ** The new WDQS Streaming Updater is live as of March 15, 2021 on a pre-production test server for feedback. Available at https://query-preview.wikidata.org/. Release details [[Wikidata:Project_chat#New_WDQS_Streaming_Updater_now_available_on_pre-production_test_server_for_feedback|here]]. ** [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikidata/2021-March/014562.html Wikimedia Foundation Research Award of the Year] - Call for Nominations! The research must be on, about, using data from, and/or of importance to Wikipedia, Wikidata, Wikimedia Commons or other Wikimedia projects. Deadline to submit your nomination is no later than 2021-03-22. * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P9259|assessment outcome]], [[:d:Property:P9260|music transcriber]], [[:d:Property:P9274|subsidy]], [[:d:Property:P9275|inverse agonist of]], [[:d:Property:P9279|gender equality index]], [[:d:Property:P9295|transitivity]], [[:d:Property:P9302|script style]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P9261|Oklahoma's NRHP ID]], [[:d:Property:P9262|ChemRxiv ID]], [[:d:Property:P9263|Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Inventory ID]], [[:d:Property:P9264|FFF player ID (new scheme)]], [[:d:Property:P9265|Physics Magazine author ID]], [[:d:Property:P9266|Ligue 1 player ID]], [[:d:Property:P9267|ANPI person numeric ID]], [[:d:Property:P9268|Science Magazine author ID]], [[:d:Property:P9269|Odnoklassniki user numeric ID]], [[:d:Property:P9270|ANSI/NISO standard ID]], [[:d:Property:P9271|Kickstarter username]], [[:d:Property:P9272|DeCS ID]], [[:d:Property:P9273|RePEc EconPapers ID]], [[:d:Property:P9276|Encyclopedia of Ostrava History person ID]], [[:d:Property:P9277|LFChistory.net player ID]], [[:d:Property:P9278|Pandektis ID]], [[:d:Property:P9280|Museum of the Jewish People at Beit Hatfutsot ID]], [[:d:Property:P9281|Encyclopedia of Greater Philadelphia ID]], [[:d:Property:P9282|Catalogue of the Capitular Library of Verona author ID]], [[:d:Property:P9283|AaRC film ID]], [[:d:Property:P9284|GB1900 ID]], [[:d:Property:P9285|Stadtlexikon Karlsruhe ID]], [[:d:Property:P9286|Encyclopaedia Herder concept ID]], [[:d:Property:P9287|Cyprus Bibliography ID]], [[:d:Property:P9288|EncyclopediaPR ID]], [[:d:Property:P9289|Filmitalia person ID]], [[:d:Property:P9290|TikTok music ID]], [[:d:Property:P9291|Eesti entsüklopeedia ID]], [[:d:Property:P9292|Encyclopédie du patrimoine culturel de l'Amérique française ID]], [[:d:Property:P9293|AIATSIS Place Thesaurus ID]], [[:d:Property:P9294|AIATSIS Subject Thesaurus ID]], [[:d:Property:P9296|Astro Awani topic ID]], [[:d:Property:P9297|TapTap application ID]], [[:d:Property:P9298|Encyclopedia of Plzeň person ID]], [[:d:Property:P9299|OsobnostiRegionu.cz ID]], [[:d:Property:P9300|Terezín Memorial Database ID]], [[:d:Property:P9301|National Gallery of Art Library Bibliographic ID]], [[:d:Property:P9303|svoyak.info player ID]], [[:d:Property:P9304|Encyclopedia of Melbourne ID]], [[:d:Property:P9305|Max Movie person ID]], [[:d:Property:P9306|EudraCT trial ID]], [[:d:Property:P9307|Fancyclopedia 3 ID]], [[:d:Property:P9308|operator licence number]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Cantonese romanisation|Cantonese romanisation]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/repairability|repairability]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Gedong Kirtya classification|Gedong Kirtya classification]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Valence|Valence]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/has graphical element|has graphical element]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Wikidata:Property proposal/Antarctic Specially Protected Area ID|Antarctic Specially Protected Area ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CBO Occupation Code (en) / Classificação Brasileira de Ocupações (CBO) (pt)|CBO Occupation Code (en) / Classificação Brasileira de Ocupações (CBO) (pt)]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Reason for unknown/no value|Reason for unknown/no value]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/generalization of/generalized by|generalization of/generalized by]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/acronym|acronym]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Sales of arms and military services|Sales of arms and military services]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/formé en même temps que|formé en même temps que]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Suggested fields|Suggested fields]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/AWB lemma ID|AWB lemma ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/MWB lemma ID|MWB lemma ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/MHDBDB lemma ID|MHDBDB lemma ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Woerterbuchnetz.de IDs for Middle High German|Woerterbuchnetz.de IDs for Middle High German]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Lëtzebuerger Online Dictionnaire ID|Lëtzebuerger Online Dictionnaire ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Woerterbuchnetz.de IDs for modern German|Woerterbuchnetz.de IDs for modern German]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Das wissenschaftliche Bibellexikon im Internet ID|Das wissenschaftliche Bibellexikon im Internet ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SVKKL authority ID|SVKKL authority ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Demozoo Group ID|Demozoo Group ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/GameSpot developer ID|GameSpot developer ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Washington Place Names ID|Washington Place Names ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/PatER ID|PatER ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Latin Place Names ID|Latin Place Names ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Enslaved ID|Enslaved ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Ávvir topic ID|Ávvir topic ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Salaborsa building ID|Salaborsa building ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/storiaememoriadibologna ID|storiaememoriadibologna ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/UniversalMusic France artist ID|UniversalMusic France artist ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Oxford African American Studies Center ID|Oxford African American Studies Center ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/La Fenice Theatre in Venice person ID|La Fenice Theatre in Venice person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/MeSH descriptor/qualifier ID|MeSH descriptor/qualifier ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Biblioteca Digital Curt Nimuendajú researcher ID|Biblioteca Digital Curt Nimuendajú researcher ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Fortalezas.org ID|Fortalezas.org ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Keratsini-Drapetsona libraries' catalogue authority ID|Keratsini-Drapetsona libraries' catalogue authority ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/France24 topic ID|France24 topic ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CNA topic ID|CNA topic ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Portrait Archive ID|Portrait Archive ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/athletics.lv athlete id|athletics.lv athlete id]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/temples.ru ID|temples.ru ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** [https://w.wiki/34km Latin American women who are activists and were born between 1900-1999] (ordered by the number of articles written on Wikipedia) ([https://twitter.com/Wikimedia_mx/status/1369057880159051776 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/34yJ Transportation routes in Zurich named after women] ([https://twitter.com/sharozwa/status/1369256516193239047 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/34kF Location of buildings designed by] [[d:Q47780|Zaha Hadid]] ([https://twitter.com/Wikimedia_mx/status/1369835767007223811 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/35dE Proportion of Basque men / women in Donostialdea region] ([https://twitter.com/kepasarasola/status/1370287282222170114 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/35eP Count of the industry companies on Wikidata belong to] ([https://twitter.com/watty62/status/1370319664480460801 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/35jV Danish verbs-derived-from-non-verbs] ([https://twitter.com/fnielsen/status/1370427333606309893 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/JnF Mountains of the Basque Country] ([https://twitter.com/kepasarasola/status/1371469523723939842 Source]) * '''Development''' ** Continued working on the [https://query-builder-test.toolforge.org/ Query Builder] and focused on querying for quantity values ([[phab:T268942]]), handling special cases around sub classes for taxons and locations ([[phab:T274634]]) adding tooltips ([[phab:T275542]]) and sharing a visual query ([[phab:T272887]]) ** Making changes to how Cognate handles redirects on Wiktionary to make more pages accessible through interwiki links ([[phab:T165061]]) ** Creating a dashboard to break down the number of editors by namespace ([[phab:T275999]]) ** Finishing support for editing statements on Senses on Lexemes via wbeditentity API module ([[phab:T199896]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2021 03 15|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 17:12, 15 ga Maris, 2021 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=21207484 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #460 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''Discussions''' ** New request for comments: [[d:Wikidata:Requests for comment/Signed Statements (T138708)|Signed Statements (T138708)]] * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' ** Ongoing: [[d:Wikidata:Events/30 lexic-o-days 2021|30 Lexic-o-days]], events and projects around lexicographical data, continues until April 14th. ([[d:Wikidata:Events/30_lexic-o-days_2021#Events|full schedule, details and links here]]) *** March 22: Bug triage hour about Lexemes with Lydia Pintscher *** March 23: SPARQL querying for Lexemes with Vigneron *** March 24: Open discussion in French about Lexemes *** March 25: Documentation Q&A with Dan Shick *** March 27: Lingua Libre, how you can record words in your language and use them on Wikidata, with Poslovitch ** Upcoming: The [[:m:Wikibase Community User Group/Meetings/2021 03|next Wikibase live session]] is [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1616688029 16:00 UTC on Thursday 25 March 2021] [https://calendar.google.com/event?action=TEMPLATE&tmeid=NzByaHE1YnJmbml0aGF2MjJwbTE5N3NsOGFfMjAyMTAzMjVUMTYwMDAwWiBjXzcxdnQxN2E1cW1tMWdhcWU2bXB2M2lhb2RzQGc&tmsrc=c_71vt17a5qmm1gaqe6mpv3iaods%40group.calendar.google.com&scp=ALL (Add to calendar)]. This month we will have a team member from Enslaved.org talk to us briefly about how they are using Linked Open Data (LOD) with the help of Wikibase (due of technical challenges they couldn't join us last time). Everyone is welcome to attend the call. ** Upcoming: The [[m:Arctic Knot Conference 2021/Call for submissions|Arctic Knot Wikimedia Language Conference]] is taking place remotely on June 24-25, and focusing on indigenous and underrepresented languages on the Wikimedia projects. The call for submissions is now open until April 15th, if you want to present something related to Wikidata and languages, [[m:Arctic Knot Conference 2021/Call for submissions|feel free to apply]]. ** Upcoming: Next Linked Data for Libraries [[Wikidata:WikiProject LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group/Affinity Group Calls|LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group]] call: Members of the EthicsLD Group will be leading a discussion on ethics in linked data, Tuesday, March 23rd.[https://docs.google.com/document/d/131xlOiWyTLb43Gn30Z7_y9D303GlWwuuaebF_CW6xUQ/edit#] ** Upcoming: LIVE Wikidata editing #37 - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MN0gPe9GhFk YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2918162901802201/ Facebook], March 27 ** Upcoming: [[d:Wikidata:Events/Swedish_online_editathon#Träff_#55|Online Wikidata meetup in Swedish #55]], March 28 * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** Papers *** [https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10943-021-01214-9 Intercessory Rote Prayer, Life Longevity and the Mortality of Roman Catholic Bishops: An Exploratory Study] (Using Wikidata to study whether prayers have an effect) ** Videos *** Wikidata Taiwan @ g0v tw hackath43n - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wRhjZm7HXvA Youtube] *** Live editing lexemes [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V1Octg9GuHc YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2913027562315735/ Facebook] *** Live editing lexemes (in French) by [[w:User:VIGNERONh|VIGNERON]] - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p8D_qUNWYx0 YouTube] *** Wikidata international women's rights day SPARQL queries (in French) by [[w:User:VIGNERONh|VIGNERON]] - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F8-IA7mNAdo YouTube] *** Introduction to Wikidata by [[w:User:Peteforsyth|Peteforsyth]] - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M7ZE3tDotMk YouTube] * '''Tool of the week''' ** [https://wikidata-todo.toolforge.org/sparql_rc.php? Sparql_rc] is a recent changes feed that only shows you changes in an area of Wikidata you care about. It now also supports Lexemes. * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** Wikidata Lexeme Forms now supports Portuguese nouns *** [https://lexeme-forms.toolforge.org/template/portuguese-noun-masculine/ masculine] *** [https://lexeme-forms.toolforge.org/template/portuguese-noun-feminine/ feminine] ** [https://erinnerungshort.de/kap/ erinnerungshort.de/kap/] is a data and photo research project and map visualization tool with federated license query from Structured Commons, by [[User:Raymond|Raymond]] and [[User:Elya|Elya]]. ** ~7500 person items have been enriched with the new property [[:d:Property:P4872|GEPRIS person ID]] (P4872), imported from a high quality dataset from the [[d:Q707283|Q707283]]. * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P9310|pHash checksum]], [[:d:Property:P9311|Jyutping transliteration]], [[:d:Property:P9313|Yale romanization]], [[:d:Property:P9317|Cantonese Pinyin]], [[:d:Property:P9323|Cantonese Transliteration Scheme transliteration]], [[:d:Property:P9325|Gedong Kirtya Classification]], [[:d:Property:P9344|has graphical element]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P9309|TaDiRAH ID]], [[:d:Property:P9312|AWB lemma ID]], [[:d:Property:P9314|Latin Place Names ID]], [[:d:Property:P9315|Enslaved person ID]], [[:d:Property:P9316|MyMusic artist ID]], [[:d:Property:P9318|Ávvir topic ID]], [[:d:Property:P9319|Dark Horse creator ID]], [[:d:Property:P9320|ComiXology publisher ID]], [[:d:Property:P9321|Inforegister ID]], [[:d:Property:P9322|SVKKL authority ID]], [[:d:Property:P9324|BiographySampo person ID]], [[:d:Property:P9326|PatER ID]], [[:d:Property:P9327|Cartigli di Bologna ID]], [[:d:Property:P9328|Universal Music France artist ID]], [[:d:Property:P9329|Svoya Igra television player ID]], [[:d:Property:P9330|Washington Place Names ID]], [[:d:Property:P9331|Storiaememoriadibologna ID]], [[:d:Property:P9332|Oxford African American Studies Center ID]], [[:d:Property:P9333|LFH staff ID]], [[:d:Property:P9334|Cephalopod Ontology entity ID]], [[:d:Property:P9335|Archives West finding aid ID]], [[:d:Property:P9336|Das wissenschaftliche Bibellexikon im Internet ID]], [[:d:Property:P9337|Keratsini-Drapetsona libraries' catalogue authority ID]], [[:d:Property:P9338|NFL.com ID (new scheme)]], [[:d:Property:P9339|Bavarian Monument Map object ID (architectural monument)]], [[:d:Property:P9340|MeSH descriptor/qualifier ID]], [[:d:Property:P9341|MeSH qualifier ID]], [[:d:Property:P9342|Bavarian Monument Map Object-ID (ground monument)]], [[:d:Property:P9343|temples.ru ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/zugeschrieben|zugeschrieben]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/IMDb rating|IMDb rating]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/death rate|death rate]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/trade union membership rate|trade union membership rate]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/identifier shared with lexeme|identifier shared with lexeme]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/introduced on|introduced on]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/instances are former instances of|instances are former instances of]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/presentation template|presentation template]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/voted on by|voted on by]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/has supplier|has supplier]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/キロ程|キロ程]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Slovník českých filosofů ID|Slovník českých filosofů ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Encyklopedie migrace ID|Encyklopedie migrace ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Encyclopedia of Migration ID|Encyclopedia of Migration ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Tacoma Local History & Biography Index ID|Tacoma Local History & Biography Index ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Tacoma-Pierce County Buildings Index ID|Tacoma-Pierce County Buildings Index ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Tacoma-Pierce County Obituary Index ID|Tacoma-Pierce County Obituary Index ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Rombase ID|Rombase ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Stalker author ID|Stalker author ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ODLIS ID|ODLIS ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Enslaved place ID|Enslaved place ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CAOI person ID|CAOI person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/IBSF-Wettbewerbs-ID|IBSF-Wettbewerbs-ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/FranceArchives agent ID|FranceArchives agent ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Pango lineage code|Pango lineage code]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Ministry of Education New Zealand school ID|Ministry of Education New Zealand school ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Place Names NI ID|Place Names NI ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/NMRShiftDB Structure ID|NMRShiftDB Structure ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Modernist Commons ID|Modernist Commons ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Megale Kypriake Enkyklopaideia ID|Megale Kypriake Enkyklopaideia ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Encyclopédie de l’humanisme méditerranéen ID|Encyclopédie de l’humanisme méditerranéen ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Sociologické encyklopedie ID|Sociologické encyklopedie ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Government of Canada Core Subject Thesaurus ID|Government of Canada Core Subject Thesaurus ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Thésaurus des sujets de base du gouvernement du Canada ID|Thésaurus des sujets de base du gouvernement du Canada ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Routes & Places ID|Routes & Places ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Rekhta Author ID|Rekhta Author ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Rekhta Book ID|Rekhta Book ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/National Database of Laws and Regulations ID|National Database of Laws and Regulations ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Humanitāro zinātņu virtuālā enciklopēdija person ID|Humanitāro zinātņu virtuālā enciklopēdija person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Humanitāro zinātņu virtuālā enciklopēdija concept ID|Humanitāro zinātņu virtuālā enciklopēdija concept ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** [https://w.wiki/37Mw Railway junctions in Scotland] ([https://twitter.com/Tagishsimon/status/1372929529778483201 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/376e Maps of Y-shaped subway lines] ([https://twitter.com/FeuFollet_/status/1372793598983344136 Source]) *** Map of the hometown of [https://w.wiki/37K7 Real Sociedad] / [https://w.wiki/37K6 Athletic Club] players ([https://twitter.com/theklanB/status/1373237800150126592 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/37Cw Count of type of things with IIIF links known to Wikidata] ([https://twitter.com/mlpoulter/status/1372951885393621006 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/373D Successful candidates during 2016 Kerala Legislative Assembly in each constituencies] ([https://twitter.com/wikidata_ml/status/1372642955677245440 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/36ss COVID-19 external Identifier URLs in Wikidata] ([https://twitter.com/photomediathink/status/1372377649599942659 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/34m6 Public spaces whose names are of women] ([https://twitter.com/Wikimedia_mx/status/1372018811570900992 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/37NJ Place of birth of females with biography articles on Basque Wikipedia] ([https://twitter.com/theklanB/status/1371573551854145536 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/37T2 Map of places in iNaturalist] ([https://w.wiki/37Sx Source]) *** [http://w.wiki/36aQ Number of elements of scientists by nationality] ([https://twitter.com/Wikimedia_mx/status/1373787454117965824 Source]) * '''Development''' ** Work on the first version of the [https://query-builder-test.toolforge.org/ Query Builder] is nearing its end. Doing remaining work on querying for quantities, dates and ranges as well as polishing and bug fixing. ** Made Cognate work correctly for redirects on Wiktionary ([[phab:T165061]]) ** Fixed an issue where the termbox on Item pages used the wrong list of languages on the mobile version ([[phab:T275611]]) ** Cleaned up deleted Items from the term store database table ([[phab:T263730]]) ** Got feedback on the initial click-dummies for checking Wikidata's data against other databases to find mismatches [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2021 03 22|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 18:16, 22 ga Maris, 2021 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=21243696 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #461 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''Discussions''' ** Closed request for adminship: [[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Administrator/Minorax|Minorax]], welcome onboard! * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' ** Ongoing: [[d:Wikidata:Events/30 lexic-o-days 2021|30 Lexic-o-days]], events and projects around lexicographical data, continues until April 14th. ([[d:Wikidata:Events/30_lexic-o-days_2021#Events|full schedule, details and links here]]) *** March 30: Live SPARQL queries about Lexemes in French by Vigneron *** March 30: Abstract Wikipedia & Lexemes Q&A with Denny Vrandečić *** April 1: Documentation Q&A with Dan Shick *** April 5-11: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Climate Change/Climate lexeme week|Climate Lexeme Week]] *** April 5: Abstract Wikipedia & Lexemes Q&A with Denny Vrandečić ** Upcoming: LIVE Wikidata editing #38 - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4ShFdIs2CrI YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2923361017949056/ Facebook], April 3 ** Upcoming: [[d:Wikidata:Events/Swedish_online_editathon#Träff_#56|Online Wikidata meetup in Swedish #56]], April 4 ** Upcoming: [https://hack.glam.opendata.ch/project/57 WikiCommons metadata analysis tool] is intended to be developed at the online hackathon at [https://hack.glam.opendata.ch hack.glam.opendata.ch], 16-17 April 2021 * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** Blogs *** [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Structured_data_for_GLAM-Wiki/Roundtripping/KMB Dataroundtripping Wikidata - Wikicommons - Runestones pictures] ** Papers *** [[d:Q106235601|FAIR and open multilingual clinical trials in Wikidata and Wikipedia]] ***[https://revistas.ufpr.br/atoz/article/view/76684/42120 Painel de informação sobre a COVID-19: consultas SPARQL na Wikidata (Portuguese)] ** Videos *** Live Wikidata editing #37 - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MN0gPe9GhFk YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2918162901802201/ Facebook] *** Live SPARQL queries on Lexemes by Vigneron (in English): [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q_OktN1oP-o on Youtube] * '''Tool of the week''' ** [[d:User:Nikki/LexemeEntitySuggester.js]] userscript is a proper entity suggester that gives a fixed set of properties for various languages. * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** Sitelinks links for two new Wikipedias can be entered: [[:tay:|Atayal Wikipedia]] ([[d:Q105723660|Q105723660]]) and [[:trv:|Seediq Wikipedia]] ([[d:Q105975521|Q105975521]]) * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P9353|does not have cause]], [[:d:Property:P9361|external georeferencing URL]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P9345|Discord server numeric ID]], [[:d:Property:P9346|France24 topic ID (French)]], [[:d:Property:P9347|France24 topic ID (English)]], [[:d:Property:P9348|France24 topic ID (Spanish)]], [[:d:Property:P9349|France24 topic ID (Arabic)]], [[:d:Property:P9350|PeriodO period ID]], [[:d:Property:P9351|MHDBDB lemma ID]], [[:d:Property:P9352|Portrait Archive ID]], [[:d:Property:P9354|Porcelana Brasil ID]], [[:d:Property:P9355|Slovník českých filosofů ID]], [[:d:Property:P9356|Hymenoptera Anatomy Ontology ID]], [[:d:Property:P9357|Encyclopedia of French Cultural Heritage in North America ID]], [[:d:Property:P9358|MWB lemma ID]], [[:d:Property:P9359|Encyclopedia of Migration ID]], [[:d:Property:P9360|Ministry of Education New Zealand school ID]], [[:d:Property:P9362|Encyklopedie migrace ID]], [[:d:Property:P9363|Tacoma-Pierce County Obituary Index ID]], [[:d:Property:P9364|Encyclopedia of Mediterranean Humanism ID]], [[:d:Property:P9365|Modernist Commons ID]], [[:d:Property:P9366|Rombase ID (English)]], [[:d:Property:P9367|Filmitalia film ID]], [[:d:Property:P9368|CNA topic ID]], [[:d:Property:P9369|Fortalezas.org ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Ottoman Association ID|Ottoman Association ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/url text|url text]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/audio transcription 2|audio transcription 2]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/OFDb person ID|OFDb person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/won sets|won sets]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Number of stitches|Number of stitches]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Biblio.com ID|Biblio.com ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Czech Encyclopedia of Theater identifiers (Czech and German)|Czech Encyclopedia of Theater identifiers (Czech and German)]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Identifiant des Collections du Louvre|Identifiant des Collections du Louvre]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Verified Handles VHID|Verified Handles VHID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Michigan State University Library Record Number|Michigan State University Library Record Number]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Washington Flora Checklist ID|Washington Flora Checklist ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Washington Flora Checklist species ID|Washington Flora Checklist species ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Washington Rare Plant Field Guide ID|Washington Rare Plant Field Guide ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/KATOTTH identifier|KATOTTH identifier]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Viasona ID|Viasona ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Musikasten ID|Musikasten ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Discover the networks|Discover the networks]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/GCD publisher ID|GCD publisher ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Image Comics creator ID|Image Comics creator ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/BLPL ID|BLPL ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/MnM ID|MnM ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Arca author ID|Arca author ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Editorial Freelancers Association member ID|Editorial Freelancers Association member ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/IFCVPF ID|IFCVPF ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/American University of Beirut's Libraries Title ID|American University of Beirut's Libraries Title ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Dicionário Histórico-Biográfico Brasileiro ID|Dicionário Histórico-Biográfico Brasileiro ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Burke Herbarium Image Collection ID|Burke Herbarium Image Collection ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/USCG MIC ID|USCG MIC ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Berlin Bezirkslexika identifiers|Berlin Bezirkslexika identifiers]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Burke Herbarium Image Collection contributor ID|Burke Herbarium Image Collection contributor ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Brapci author ID|Brapci author ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ÖCV Biolex ID|ÖCV Biolex ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/OregonFlora taxon ID|OregonFlora taxon ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Oregon Flora Image Project ID|Oregon Flora Image Project ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** [[d:Wikidata:Properties for deletion|Deleted properties]]: ** Query examples: *** [https://w.wiki/37n8 Donald P. Bellisario credits as screenwriter or director] *** [https://w.wiki/38Si Interwiki table from P6720, with end date for prefixes that are no longer in use] ([[d:Property_talk:P6720#Query|source]]) *** [https://query.wikidata.org/embed.html#%23defaultView%3AMap%7B%22hide%22%3A%5B%22%3Fbbox%22%2C%20%22%3Frgb%22%5D%7D%0A%0ASELECT%20DISTINCT%20%3Fitem%20%3FitemLabel%20%3Furl%20%3Fgeoreferencing%20%3Fimg%20%3Fbbox%20%3Frgb%20%28year%28%3Fyear%29%20AS%20%3Flayer%29%0A%0AWITH%20%7B%0A%20%20SELECT%20%28xsd%3Ainteger%28%3Fcolour%29%20AS%20%3Fcolour2%29%20%3Frgb%20WHERE%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20wd%3AQ105849312%20p%3AP527%20%3Fstmt%20.%0A%20%20%20%20%3Fstmt%20pq%3AP1545%20%3Fcolour%20.%0A%20%20%20%20%3Fstmt%20pq%3AP465%20%3Frgb%20.%0A%20%20%7D%0A%7D%20AS%20%25colours%0A%20%20%0AWHERE%20%7B%20%20%0A%0A%20%20%3Fitem%20wdt%3AP195%20wd%3AQ7100888%20.%20%20%20%20%23%20OSD%0A%20%0A%20%20%3Fitem%20p%3AP1332%2Fpsv%3AP1332%2Fwikibase%3AgeoLatitude%20%3Fnth%20.%0A%20%20%3Fitem%20p%3AP1333%2Fpsv%3AP1333%2Fwikibase%3AgeoLatitude%20%3Fsth%20.%0A%20%20%3Fitem%20p%3AP1334%2Fpsv%3AP1334%2Fwikibase%3AgeoLongitude%20%3Feast%20.%0A%20%20%3Fitem%20p%3AP1335%2Fpsv%3AP1335%2Fwikibase%3AgeoLongitude%20%3Fwest%20.%0A%20%20%3Fitem%20wdt%3AP571%20%3Fyear%20.%0A%20%20BIND%20%28%281%20%2B%20floor%20%28%28year%28%3Fyear%29%20-%201789%29%20%2a%202.0%2F3.0%29%29%20AS%20%3Fcolour%29%20.%0A%20%20BIND%20%28xsd%3Ainteger%28IF%28%3Fcolour%20%3E%2031%2C%2031%2C%20%3Fcolour%29%29%20AS%20%3Fcolour2%29%20.%0A%20%20INCLUDE%20%25colours%20.%0A%20%20%0A%20%20OPTIONAL%20%7B%3Fitem%20wdt%3AP18%20%3Fimg%7D%20.%0A%20%20%3Fitem%20wdt%3AP973%20%3Furl%20.%0A%20%20%3Fitem%20wdt%3AP9361%20%3Fgeoreferencing%20.%0A%20%20BIND%28STRDT%28%20%20CONCAT%28%27LINESTRING%20%28%27%2C%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20str%28%3Fwest%29%2C%20%27%20%27%2C%20str%28%3Fsth%29%2C%20%27%2C%27%2C%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20str%28%3Fwest%29%2C%20%27%20%27%2C%20str%28%3Fnth%29%2C%20%27%2C%27%2C%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20str%28%3Feast%29%2C%20%27%20%27%2C%20str%28%3Fnth%29%2C%20%27%2C%27%2C%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20str%28%3Feast%29%2C%20%27%20%27%2C%20str%28%3Fsth%29%2C%20%27%2C%27%2C%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20str%28%3Fwest%29%2C%20%27%20%27%2C%20str%28%3Fsth%29%2C%20%27%29%27%20%20%20%29%2C%20geo%3AwktLiteral%29%20AS%20%3Fbbox%29%20.%0A%0A%20%20SERVICE%20wikibase%3Alabel%20%7B%20bd%3AserviceParam%20wikibase%3Alanguage%20%22%5BAUTO_LANGUAGE%5D%2Cen%22.%20%7D%0A%7D Index map of Ordnance Survey Old Series preparatory drawings, with georeferencer links] ([https://twitter.com/heald_j/status/1374774300482363395 source]) *** [https://w.wiki/38Lr Listed buildings in Wales that would be lost if the sea level rose by 70 metres] ([https://twitter.com/WIKI_NLW/status/1375178043745038337 source]) *** [https://w.wiki/38hZ Music releases with incomplete track lists, showing diff count] ([https://twitter.com/exmusica/status/1375848490253836288 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/37tS Date and place of birth of female musicians in Nigeria] ([https://twitter.com/WikidataNigeria/status/1374305800026517506 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/38gQ Scholarly articles on multilingualism and bilingualism] ([https://twitter.com/jsamwrites/status/1375809654404624388 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/38HS Things in Czechia which changed coordinate location at some point] ([https://twitter.com/medi_cago/status/1375481728349921281 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/37pK Images about women programmers] ([https://twitter.com/Wikimedia_mx/status/1375243264580845570 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/38wC UK railway stations connected from Topsham railway station] ([https://twitter.com/Tagishsimon/status/1375130514177331202 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/37$w Most awarded person affiliated with the Technical University of Denmark] ([https://twitter.com/fnielsen/status/1374448879379259394 Source]) ** Newest database reports: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Movies/reports/TV seasons/current/by start date|current TV seasons]] * '''Development''' ** The dev team spent the last week prototyping a few things to learn if some things would be feasible/a good idea. Among other things we tried building a small tool to connect Senses to Items, looked into the different types of ontology issues that can be found on Wikidata and checked what using a document store for data storage would look like. ** Note: from March 29th until April 12th, [[d:user:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] is not available to answer messages. If you have any requests for the development team, please ask on [[d:WD:DEV|Contact the development team]]. For any emergency, you can contact [[d:user:Lea Lacroix (WMDE)|Lea Lacroix (WMDE)]]. Because of Easter holidays in Germany, the upcoming newsletter will be issued one day later, on April 6th. [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** [[d:Wikidata:Contribute/Suggested and open tasks|Suggested and open tasks]]! ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2021 03 29|Read the full report]]''' &middot; [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] &middot; [[:d:User:Lea Lacroix (WMDE)|Lea Lacroix (WMDE)]] 13:51, 29 ga Maris, 2021 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Lea Lacroix (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=21265127 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #462 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' ** Past {{Q|106114408}}: "InChI and InChIKey in Wikidata and Scholia", https://zenodo.org/record/4633789 ** Ongoing: [[d:Wikidata:Events/30 lexic-o-days 2021|30 Lexic-o-days]], events and projects around lexicographical data, continues until April 14th. ([[d:Wikidata:Events/30_lexic-o-days_2021#Events|full schedule, details and links here]]) *** April 5-11: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Climate Change/Climate lexeme week|Climate Lexeme Week]] *** April 7: Data import for Lexemes: how to add a lot of content in your language *** April 8: Documentation Q&A *** April 8: Leveraging text corpora for curating lexicographical data *** April 10: Lingua Libre, how you can record words in your language and use them on Wikidata ** Upcoming: Next Linked Data for Libraries [[Wikidata:WikiProject LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group/Affinity Group Calls|LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group]] call: Cliff Landis (Digital Initiatives Librarian, Atlanta University Center Robert W. Woodruff Library) on “GaNCH: Using Wikidata for Georgia's Natural, Cultural, and Historic Organizations' Disaster Response.” April 6th.[https://docs.google.com/document/d/1zcVtZiMgz4kNEs-yL8vqC4eCholllpQ8whX2pb7qUcI/edit?usp=sharing] ** Upcoming: LIVE Wikidata editing #39 - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EXoM9njOOog YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2928487990769692/ Facebook], April 10 ** Upcoming: [[d:Wikidata:Events/Swedish_online_editathon#Träff_#57|Online Wikidata meetup in Swedish #57]], April 11 ** Upcoming: OSM TW x Wikidata Taiwan {{Q|1867}} Meetup 2021-04-12 {{Q|61752245}} ** Upcoming: [[w:pt:Wikipédia:Edit-a-thon/Atividades em português/Wikidata Lab XXVII|Wikidata Lab XXVII: WikiProject Brazilian Laws]] '''(English)''', supported by [[m:WikiCite|WikiCite]], April 13 ** Upcoming: [[d:Wikidata:Events#Wikidata_bug_triage_hour|Wikidata Bug Triage Hour]] about Entity Schemas / shape expressions, April 19 ** Upcoming: [[w:pt:Wikipédia:Edit-a-thon/Atividades em português/Wikidata Lab XXVIII|Wikidata Lab XXVIII: Aplicativos de metadados]] '''(Portuguese)''', on metadata apps, April 29 * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** Blogs ***[https://tiagolubiana.medium.com/adicionando-cientistas-ao-sistema-wikidata-scholia-6b73ae5e59e2 Adicionando cientistas ao sistema Wikidata/Scholia (Portuguese)] **** ** Papers *** [https://arxiv.org/pdf/2104.00558.pdf Mining Wikidata for Name Resources for African Languages] "fostering development of technology for the languages of Africa with a Wikidata-derived resource of lists of 1.9M names across 28 African languages". ** Videos *** SPARQL queries around lexemes, words, lexicography (in French) by [[w:User:VIGNERON|VIGNERON]] - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rAT2-CxyVDg YouTube] *** Editing lexemes on Wikidata (in Swedish) by [[w:User:Ainali|Ainali]] - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MLWgZxngSTE YouTube] *** WikiActivate sessions introduction to Wikidata - YouTube [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X-UicjJzChk 1], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BkohT0xgXnA 2] *** LIVE Wikidata editing #38 - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4ShFdIs2CrI YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/jan.ainali/videos/10219725262151035/ Facebook] *** Launch of Climate Lexeme Week ([https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=776-YOOxzwI Youtube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2928506377434520 Facebook]) * '''Tool of the week''' ** [https://qrank.toolforge.org/ QRank] is a tool providing a rank for Wikidata entities based on page view statistics from several Wikimedia projects. * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** The final version of the [https://www.lehir.net/wikibase-yearly-summary-2020/ Wikibase Yearly Summary 2020] has been published. ** Wikidata Lexeme Forms now supports additional Breton templates ([https://twitter.com/LucasWerkmeistr/status/1378462195672088577 Source]) ** [[d:User:Nikki/LexemeAddIPA.js|User:Nikki/LexemeAddIPA.js]] userscript adds a link in the header for forms on lexeme pages which opens a dialog for adding IPA statements to forms that do not have any yet. ** [https://github.com/dpriskorn/LexSAOB LexSAOB] adds Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB) identifiers to Swedish lexemes in Wikidata. * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P9373|Ukrainian national romanization]], [[:d:Property:P9376|law digest]], [[:d:Property:P9382|Unicode character name]], [[:d:Property:P9396|trade union membership rate]], [[:d:Property:P9410|placeholder text element ID]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P9370|Place Names NI ID]], [[:d:Property:P9371|FranceArchives agent ID]], [[:d:Property:P9372|NHS Organisation Data Service ID]], [[:d:Property:P9374|ODLIS ID]], [[:d:Property:P9375|Sociologická encyklopedie ID]], [[:d:Property:P9377|BMZ lemma ID]], [[:d:Property:P9378|FindeB lemma ID]], [[:d:Property:P9379|Lexer lemma ID]], [[:d:Property:P9380|LexerN lemma ID]], [[:d:Property:P9381|Enslaved place ID]], [[:d:Property:P9383|The Mountaineers Routes & Places ID]], [[:d:Property:P9384|Adelung lemma ID]], [[:d:Property:P9385|DWB lemma ID]], [[:d:Property:P9386|DWB2 lemma ID]], [[:d:Property:P9387|GWB lemma ID]], [[:d:Property:P9388|Meyers lemma ID]], [[:d:Property:P9389|RDWB1 lemma ID]], [[:d:Property:P9390|Wander lemma ID]], [[:d:Property:P9391|Česká divadelní encyklopedie ID]], [[:d:Property:P9392|Tschechische Theaterenzyklopädie ID]], [[:d:Property:P9393|Tacoma-Pierce County Buildings Index ID]], [[:d:Property:P9394|Louvre Museum ARK ID]], [[:d:Property:P9395|Verified Handles VHID]], [[:d:Property:P9397|Lëtzebuerger Online Dictionnaire ID]], [[:d:Property:P9398|Armenian Book ID]], [[:d:Property:P9399|athletics.lv athlete ID]], [[:d:Property:P9400|Government of Canada Core Subject Thesaurus ID]], [[:d:Property:P9401|Thésaurus des sujets de base du gouvernement du Canada ID]], [[:d:Property:P9402|GameSpot developer ID]], [[:d:Property:P9403|Musée national de la Marine ID]], [[:d:Property:P9404|OFDb person ID]], [[:d:Property:P9405|NMRShiftDB structure ID]], [[:d:Property:P9406|Tacoma Local History & Biography Index ID]], [[:d:Property:P9407|Megale Kypriake Enkyklopaideia ID]], [[:d:Property:P9408|Washington Flora Checklist ID]], [[:d:Property:P9409|American University of Beirut's Libraries title ID]], [[:d:Property:P9411|USCG MIC]], [[:d:Property:P9412|Arca author ID]], [[:d:Property:P9413|BLPL author ID]], [[:d:Property:P9414|Viasona ID]], [[:d:Property:P9415|ÖCV Biolex ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/specific part|specific part]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/personal library at|personal library at]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/departement|departement]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/antipode|antipode]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/MovieMeter person ID|MovieMeter person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/bicycle|bicycle]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CNN contributor ID|CNN contributor ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Our Campaigns race ID|Our Campaigns race ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Proveana ID|Proveana ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Storybook ID|Storybook ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Wissens-Aggregator Mittelalter und Frühe Neuzeit (WIAG) ID|Wissens-Aggregator Mittelalter und Frühe Neuzeit (WIAG) ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/National Association of Teachers of Singing member ID|National Association of Teachers of Singing member ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/The World Factbook country ID|The World Factbook country ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SonyLIV show ID|SonyLIV show ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/EGID|EGID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Letecká badatelna accident ID|Letecká badatelna accident ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Camptocamp ID|Camptocamp ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/National Inventory of Dams ID|National Inventory of Dams ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/PeakVisor ID|PeakVisor ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/PeakVisor range ID|PeakVisor range ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/PeakVisor area ID|PeakVisor area ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/PeakVisor park ID|PeakVisor park ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Urban Archive ID|Urban Archive ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/bridgesport.ru player ID|bridgesport.ru player ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Catalogue of the General State Archives ID|Catalogue of the General State Archives ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Podchaser Creator Id|Podchaser Creator Id]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/La Réunion des Livres ID|La Réunion des Livres ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/vindskyddskartan.se ID|vindskyddskartan.se ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/naturkartan.se ID|naturkartan.se ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ANPI place numeric ID|ANPI place numeric ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Russians of Latvia ID|Russians of Latvia ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Virginia House of Delegates ID|Virginia House of Delegates ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Generals of World War II ID|Generals of World War II ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/DCinemaToday Organization ID|DCinemaToday Organization ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Swedish Bioguiden Movie Theater ID|Swedish Bioguiden Movie Theater ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/bio.se Movie Theater ID|bio.se Movie Theater ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Encyclopedia of Jewish Women ID|Encyclopedia of Jewish Women ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Terras Indígenas ID|Terras Indígenas ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Personnel de l'administration préfectorale ID|Personnel de l'administration préfectorale ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Europalexikon ID|Europalexikon ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Politiklexikon ID|Politiklexikon ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Encyklopedie antropologie ID|Encyklopedie antropologie ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: ***<!-- too long for url shortener -->[https://query.wikidata.org/embed.html#SELECT%20%3Fitem%20%3FitemLabel%20%3Fval%20%3Ff%20%3Fformatter_since%20%20%3Ftotal_links%20%3Funique_targets%20%3F2019_link_counts_source%0A%7B%0A%20%20BIND%28URI%28%22https%3A%2F%2Fmeta.wikimedia.org%2Fwiki%2FInterwiki_map%2Fdetailed_table%22%29%20as%20%3F2019_link_counts_source%29%0AVALUES%20%28%3Fval%20%3Ftotal_links%20%3Funique_targets%29%7B%20%0A%28%22appropedia%22%20333%20156%29%0A%28%22arxiv%22%208274%204712%29%0A%28%22battlestarwiki%22%20210%20135%29%0A%28%22bcnbio%22%2064810%201468%29%0A%28%22bibcode%22%201321%201168%29%0A%28%22bibliowiki%22%20323%20282%29%0A%28%22botwiki%22%20339%2061%29%0A%28%22c2%22%20519%20182%29%0A%28%22centralwikia%22%20447%20115%29%0A%28%22choralwiki%22%203336%201682%29%0A%28%22citizendium%22%20572%20395%29%0A%28%22comixpedia%22%20257%2094%29%0A%28%22creativecommons%22%209521%20173%29%0A%28%22creativecommonswiki%22%202268%2040%29%0A%28%22dcdatabase%22%20227%20137%29%0A%28%22dmoz%22%20474%20403%29%0A%28%22doi%22%2077892%2056541%29%0A%28%22donate%22%20462%20147%29%0A%28%22download%22%201515%20147%29%0A%28%22drae%22%204346%202921%29%0A%28%22ethnologue%22%204323%201928%29%0A%28%22flickruser%22%2048688%209771%29%0A%28%22foundationsite%22%205230%2076%29%0A%28%22freedomdefined%22%201205884%2059%29%0A%28%22freenode%22%205833%2068%29%0A%28%22genwiki%22%20219%20213%29%0A%28%22gutenberg%22%205948%204068%29%0A%28%22hdl%22%201468%20899%29%0A%28%22hrwiki%22%20389%20202%29%0A%28%22iarchive%22%2069676%2055171%29%0A%28%22imdbcharacter%22%20901%20735%29%0A%28%22imdbcompany%22%20282%20232%29%0A%28%22imdbname%22%2093129%2062230%29%0A%28%22imdbtitle%22%2084238%2057582%29%0A%28%22infosphere%22%20342%20170%29%0A%28%22irc%22%207322031%201062%29%0A%28%22iso639-3%22%2036309%208361%29%0A%28%22issn%22%201868%20538%29%0A%28%22karlsruhe%22%20933%20620%29%0A%28%22labsconsole%22%20442%20146%29%0A%28%22livepedia%22%20589%20277%29%0A%28%22localwiki%22%20329%20312%29%0A%28%22marveldatabase%22%20275%20156%29%0A%28%22meatball%22%203460%20318%29%0A%28%22memoryalpha%22%201148%20763%29%0A%28%22mineralienatlas%22%204380%203039%29%0A%28%22nara%22%20578%20582%29%0A%28%22nost%22%20345%20118%29%0A%28%22oeis%22%2016862%204702%29%0A%28%22openlibrary%22%20437%20313%29%0A%28%22openstreetmap%22%20756%20371%29%0A%28%22orthodoxwiki%22%20408%20260%29%0A%28%22otrswiki%22%20743%20213%29%0A%28%22planetmath%22%20474%20320%29%0A%28%22pmid%22%2020190%2016436%29%0A%28%22pyrev%22%201059%20162%29%0A%28%22quality%22%20259%20143%29%0A%28%22revo%22%202140%201906%29%0A%28%22rfc%22%203791%201570%29%0A%28%22semantic-mw%22%20446%2091%29%0A%28%22sharemap%22%20956%20267%29%0A%28%22sourceforge%22%20523%20354%29%0A%28%22stats%22%201767%20267%29%0A%28%22strategywiki%22%20648%20336%29%0A%28%22svn%22%20396%20141%29%0A%28%22tswiki%22%201878%20168%29%0A%28%22uncyclopedia%22%201654%20831%29%0A%28%22viaf%22%202067%201832%29%0A%28%22vikidia%22%201237%20868%29%0A%28%22wikia%22%2016411%206229%29%0A%28%22wikiapiary%22%204993%201979%29%0A%28%22wikiasite%22%203490%201618%29%0A%28%22wikiconference%22%20561%2089%29%0A%28%22wikifur%22%201064%20487%29%0A%28%22wikihow%22%20258%20147%29%0A%28%22wikiindex%22%20263%2099%29%0A%28%22wikilivres%22%2019945%209118%29%0A%28%22wikilivresru%22%202240%201540%29%0A%28%22wikinvest%22%20677%20343%29%0A%28%22wikiwikiweb%22%20248%20101%29%0A%28%22wookieepedia%22%20910%20612%29%0A%28%22zum%22%20263%20144%29%0A%7D%0A%20%20%3Fitem%20p%3AP6720%20%3Fst%20.%20%0A%20%20%3Fst%20ps%3AP6720%20%3Fval%20.%0A%20%20OPTIONAL%20%7B%20%3Fst%20pq%3AP1630%20%3Ff%20%7D%0A%20%20OPTIONAL%20%7B%20%3Fst%20pq%3AP580%20%3Fformatter_since%20%7D%0A%20%20%3Fst%20a%20wikibase%3ABestRank%20.%0A%0A%20%20%23%20Main%20selection%3A%0A%20%20FILTER%20NOT%20EXISTS%20%7B%20%3Fitem%20wdt%3AP1687%20%5B%20%5D%20%7D%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%23no%20Wikidata%20property%0A%20%20FILTER%20%28%20%3Ftotal_links%20%3E%20500%20%26%26%20%3Funique_targets%20%3E%20300%20%20%29%0A%20%20%23%20exclude%20some%0A%20%20FILTER%28%20%3Fitem%20not%20in%20%28%20wd%3AQ461%20%2C%20wd%3AQ17460%20%2C%20wd%3AQ1540899%20%2C%20wd%3AQ300885%20%2C%20wd%3AQ33133762%20%29%20%29%0A%0A%20%20SERVICE%20wikibase%3Alabel%20%7B%20bd%3AserviceParam%20wikibase%3Alanguage%20%22%5BAUTO_LANGUAGE%5D%2Cen%22%7D%0A%7D%20%20 interwiki prefixes without corresponding Wikidata property by 2019 linkcount (some filtered)] ([[d:Property_talk:P6720#Query|source]]) *** [https://w.wiki/395k Women whose article on English Wikipedia has the featured article badge] ([https://twitter.com/Wikimedia_mx/status/1377404468182937609 source]) *** [https://w.wiki/x3v Map of males and females after which streets are named (Leiden, NL)] ([https://twitter.com/mmmenno/status/1377279976404291592 source]) *** [https://w.wiki/39UH Map of birthplaces of trans women and men with articles in the Basque Wikipedia] ([https://twitter.com/euwikipedia/status/1377229193516302337 source]) *** [https://w.wiki/38TF Map of institutions where UNR faculty got their academic degrees] ([https://twitter.com/jjamesfloyd/status/1376555522418044933 source]) *** Map of [[:d:Property:P6084|location of sense usage (P6084)]] [https://w.wiki/38BV by language] *** [https://w.wiki/39s2 Botanists with image of signature and optional IPNI author ID] ([https://twitter.com/nickynicolson/status/1376472682695438336 source]) *** [https://w.wiki/39s6 Subclasses of musical instrument with the most individual instances] ([https://twitter.com/WikidataFacts/status/1376116467926700032 source], result starts with: bell, organ) *** [https://w.wiki/39$4 list of U.S. state songs, anthems, marches, hymns, cantatas, or missing] ([[d:Wikidata:Lists/US states/songs|source]]) *** [https://query.wikidata.org/embed.html#%23defaultView%3AMap%7B%22hide%22%3A%5B%22%3Fcoords%22%2C%20%22%3Fline%22%2C%20%22%3Frgb%22%2C%20%22%3Flayer%22%5D%7D%0ASELECT%20DISTINCT%20%3Fitem%20%3FitemLabel%20%3Fimg%20%3Fgeoref%20%3Fproportion%20%3Fcoords%20%3Fline%20%3Frgb%20%3Flayer%0A%0AWITH%20%7B%0A%20%20SELECT%20%3Fitem%20%3Fimg%20%3Fgeoref%20%3Fcoords%20%3Flat%20%3Flon%20WHERE%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%3Fitem%20wdt%3AP195%20wd%3AQ7100888%20.%0A%20%20%20%20%3Fitem%20p%3AP5140%20%3Fcoord_stmt%20.%0A%20%20%20%20OPTIONAL%20%7B%3Fitem%20wdt%3AP9361%20%3Fgeoref%7D%20.%0A%20%20%20%20OPTIONAL%20%7B%3Fitem%20wdt%3AP18%20%3Fimg%7D%20.%0A%20%20%20%20%3Fcoord_stmt%20ps%3AP5140%20%3Fcoords%20.%0A%20%20%20%20%3Fcoord_stmt%20psv%3AP5140%20%2F%20wikibase%3AgeoLatitude%20%3Flat%20.%0A%20%20%20%20%3Fcoord_stmt%20psv%3AP5140%20%2F%20wikibase%3AgeoLongitude%20%3Flon%20.%0A%20%20%7D%20%0A%7D%20AS%20%25points%0A%0AWITH%20%7B%0A%20%20SELECT%20%3Fline%20%3Flayer%20%3Frgb%20WHERE%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20INCLUDE%20%25points%20.%0A%20%20%20%20%3Fitem%20wdt%3AP47%20%3Fitem2%20.%0A%20%20%20%20%3Fitem2%20p%3AP5140%20%3Fcoord2_stmt%20.%0A%20%20%20%20%3Fcoord2_stmt%20psv%3AP5140%20%2F%20wikibase%3AgeoLatitude%20%3Flat2%20.%0A%20%20%20%20%3Fcoord2_stmt%20psv%3AP5140%20%2F%20wikibase%3AgeoLongitude%20%3Flon2%20.%20%20%0A%20%20%20%20BIND%28CONCAT%28%27LINESTRING%20%28%27%2C%20STR%28%3Flon%29%2C%20%27%20%27%2C%20STR%28%3Flat%29%2C%20%27%2C%27%2C%20STR%28%3Flon2%29%2C%20%27%20%27%2C%20STR%28%3Flat2%29%2C%20%27%29%27%29%20AS%20%3Fstr%29%20.%0A%20%20%20%20BIND%28STRDT%28%3Fstr%2C%20geo%3AwktLiteral%29%20AS%20%3Fline%29%20.%0A%20%20%20%20BIND%28%27adjacent%27%20AS%20%3Flayer%29%20.%0A%20%20%20%20BIND%28%27FF0000%27%20AS%20%3Frgb%29%20.%0A%20%20%7D%0A%7D%20AS%20%25lines%0A%0AWITH%20%7B%0A%20%20SELECT%20%3Fline%20%3Flayer%20%3Frgb%20%3Fproportion%20WHERE%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20INCLUDE%20%25points%20.%0A%20%20%20%20%3Fitem%20p%3AP3179%20%3Fstmt%20.%0A%20%20%20%20%3Fstmt%20ps%3AP3179%20%3Fitem2%20.%0A%20%20%20%20OPTIONAL%20%7B%3Fstmt%20pq%3AP1107%20%3Fprop1%7D%20.%0A%20%20%20%20OPTIONAL%20%7B%3Fitem2%20p%3AP3179%20%3Fstmt2%20.%20%3Fstmt2%20ps%3AP3179%20%3Fitem%20.%20%3Fstmt2%20pq%3AP1107%20%3Fprop2%7D%0A%20%20%20%20BIND%28IF%28bound%28%3Fprop2%29%20%26%26%20bound%28%3Fprop1%29%20%26%26%20%28%3Fprop2%20%3E%20%3Fprop1%29%2C%20%3Fprop2%2C%20%3Fprop1%29%20AS%20%3Fprop%29%20.%0A%20%20%20%20BIND%28COALESCE%28%3Fprop%2C%20%3Fprop1%2C%20%3Fprop2%29%20AS%20%3Fproportion%29%20.%0A%20%20%20%20%3Fitem2%20p%3AP5140%20%3Fcoord2_stmt%20.%0A%20%20%20%20%3Fcoord2_stmt%20psv%3AP5140%20%2F%20wikibase%3AgeoLatitude%20%3Flat2%20.%0A%20%20%20%20%3Fcoord2_stmt%20psv%3AP5140%20%2F%20wikibase%3AgeoLongitude%20%3Flon2%20.%20%20%0A%20%20%20%20BIND%28CONCAT%28%27LINESTRING%20%28%27%2C%20STR%28%3Flon%29%2C%20%27%20%27%2C%20STR%28%3Flat%29%2C%20%27%2C%27%2C%20STR%28%3Flon2%29%2C%20%27%20%27%2C%20STR%28%3Flat2%29%2C%20%27%29%27%29%20AS%20%3Fstr%29%20.%0A%20%20%20%20BIND%28STRDT%28%3Fstr%2C%20geo%3AwktLiteral%29%20AS%20%3Fline%29%20.%0A%20%20%20%20BIND%28%27overlap%27%20AS%20%3Flayer%29%20%0A%20%20%20%20BIND%28%270000AA%27%20AS%20%3Frgb%29%20.%0A%20%20%7D%0A%7D%20AS%20%25lines2%0A%0A%0AWHERE%20%7B%0A%20%20%7B%20INCLUDE%20%25lines%20%7D%20%0A%20%20UNION%0A%20%20%7B%20INCLUDE%20%25lines2%20%7D%20%0A%20%20UNION%0A%20%20%7B%20INCLUDE%20%25points%20.%20BIND%28%27points%27%20AS%20%3Flayer%29%20.%20BIND%28%27FF0000%27%20AS%20%3Frgb%29%7D%20.%0A%20%20%0A%20%20SERVICE%20wikibase%3Alabel%20%7B%20bd%3AserviceParam%20wikibase%3Alanguage%20%22%5BAUTO_LANGUAGE%5D%2Cen%22.%20%7D%0A%7D%0A%0A Adjacency map of Ordnance Survey Old Series preparatory drawings] ([https://twitter.com/heald_j/status/1379377587726782467 source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3AFR Ordinals in all languages/notations: 0th to 100th] ([[d:Talk:Q28469711#Queries|source]]) *** [https://w.wiki/3AGZ locked-room mysteries] ([[d:Wikidata_talk:WikiProject_Narration#Plot_element_of_the_week:_locked_room_mystery_(Q1141200)|source]]) * '''Development''' ** We continued to make improvements to the Query builder. We worked on adding a footer to the Query Builder ([[phab:T268643]]) and showing all relevant columns in the query result ([[phab:T277646]]) as well as querying for dates ([[phab:T272697]]) ** Fixed a bug where Item pages scrolls back to "In more languages" block after every change of DOM ([[phab:T277999]], being deployed to Wikidata later this week) ** Continued working on a new grafana graph to track editor numbers split by namespace ([[phab:T275999]]) ** Finished a small tool to get the ORES quality score for a list of Items. Waiting for deployment to toolforge for broader use now. ** Defined remaining work for redirect sitelink exceptions ([[phab:T278962]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2021 04 05|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 13:22, 6 ga Afirilu, 2021 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=21300214 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #463 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''Discussions''' ** New request for comments: [[d:Wikidata:Requests for comment/Is it worth to import labels from interlanguage links of other wikipedia projects to wikidata|Is it worth to import labels from interlanguage links of other wikipedia projects to wikidata]] * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' ** Upcoming: Wikidata Lab XXVII - Gathering and modelling of metadata pertaining to all Brazilian laws. April 13, 14-18 (UTC-3). [[:pt:Wikipédia:Edit-a-thon/Atividades em português/Wikidata Lab XXVII|register]] ** Upcoming: closing of [[d:Wikidata:Events/30 lexic-o-days 2021]], April 14. If you participated in the contribution month, please drop a line about your work [[d:Wikidata:Events/30 lexic-o-days 2021/Outcomes|on the outcomes page]]. ** Upcoming: LIVE Wikidata editing #40 - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0tp1yeIJ9F4 YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2933829276902230/ Facebook], April 17 ** Upcoming: [[d:Wikidata:Events/Swedish_online_editathon#Träff_#58|Online Wikidata meetup in Swedish #58]], April 18 ** Upcoming: [[d:Wikidata:Events#Wikidata_bug_triage_hour|Wikidata Bug Triage Hour]] about Entity Schemas / shape expressions, April 19 * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** Papers ***[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0099133321000173 Much more than a mere technology: A systematic review of Wikidata in libraries], by Karim Tharani ** Videos *** LIVE Wikidata editing #39 - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EXoM9njOOog YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2928487990769692/ Facebook] *** Data imports for Wikidata Lexemes (panel discussion 30 Lexicodays) ([https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0V0Bq7N_AI8 Youtube], [[c:File:Data imports for Wikidata Lexemes (panel discussion 30 Lexicodays).webm|Commons]]) *** Leveraging text corpora for curating lexicographical data (30 Lexicodays) ([https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kNm0JyS7KDQ Youtube], [[c:File:Leveraging text corpora for curating lexicographical data (30 Lexicodays).webm|Commons]]) *** Wiki2Prop: A Multi-Modal Approach for Predicting Wikidata Properties from Wikipedia - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7Wr1hkO-bDo YouTube] *** Wiki World Heritage User Group: Capacity Building Wikidata Training - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xuk3MgCTa24 YouTube] * '''Tool of the week''' ** [[:d:Wikidata:Tools/Enhance user interface#EditSum|EditSum]], a user script which allows to attach custom summary text to any label/statement/sitelink/etc. modification. * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** [https://lubianat.github.io/women_in_metabolomics/ A simple portal of women that study metabolomics powered by Wikidata] ** Do you have any cool Wikidata tips and tricks that you use? Share them with everyone on Twitter under the hashtag [https://twitter.com/hashtag/WikidataTips?src=hashtag_click&f=live #WikidataTips] ** Entitree is a graph generator that can display [https://www.entitree.com/en/family_tree/Elizabeth_II family trees], but also other graphs like [https://www.entitree.com/en/parent_taxon/Mammal taxa] or [https://www.entitree.com/en/subsidiary/Walmart company subsidiaries]. ** [https://www.royaltrees.co.uk/ Royal Trees], powered by Wikidata is an interactive website that shows royal family trees, for all royal families worldwide. See an example of [https://www.royaltrees.co.uk/index_3.php?name1=Rurik++++++++++++++++++++++++++++&name2=Philip+Duke+of+Edinburgh+++++++++&subtun=View+Links&person1=Q7990&person2=WI06&sofar=0&restrict=L Philip Duke of Edinburgh]. * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P9419|personal library at]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P9416|ScoreStorybook company ID]], [[:d:Property:P9417|Camptocamp ID]], [[:d:Property:P9418|Biblio.com ID]], [[:d:Property:P9420|CNN contributor ID]], [[:d:Property:P9421|IFVPF ID]], [[:d:Property:P9422|Musikasten ID]], [[:d:Property:P9423|OregonFlora taxon ID]], [[:d:Property:P9424|Demozoo group ID]], [[:d:Property:P9425|Image Comics creator ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Commons-Kategorie für Portraits|Commons-Kategorie für Portraits]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/pH|pH]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/taxonomic treatment|taxonomic treatment]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Degrees day|Degrees day]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/NBM identifier|NBM identifier]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/size of unit under command|size of unit under command]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Archdiocese of Liverpool identifier|Archdiocese of Liverpool identifier]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/HistoryLink essay number|HistoryLink essay number]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/National Provider Identifier|National Provider Identifier]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Singers.com ID|Singers.com ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Oregon State Parks ID|Oregon State Parks ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Washington State Parks ID|Washington State Parks ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Wikiroute ID|Wikiroute ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ID v Databázi periodického tisku pro veřejnost|ID v Databázi periodického tisku pro veřejnost]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/GLEI RAL|GLEI RAL]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/OpenCorporates register id|OpenCorporates register id]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/OpenCorporates register jurisdiction|OpenCorporates register jurisdiction]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/hPSCreg ID|hPSCreg ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Den Danske Ordbog article ID|Den Danske Ordbog article ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Den Danske Ordbog idiom ID|Den Danske Ordbog idiom ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Biographia Benedictina ID|Biographia Benedictina ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Gyldendals Teaterleksikon ID|Gyldendals Teaterleksikon ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Trap Danmark ID|Trap Danmark ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** [https://w.wiki/3Ar5 Danish lexemes matched to sentences] ([https://twitter.com/fnielsen/status/1380534082992545794 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3B9G Twitter usernames and number of subscribers] ([https://twitter.com/GereonKalkuhl/status/1380270983869784064 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3ABn Latin American musicians without a Wikipedia article in Spanish but with an article in another language] ([https://twitter.com/Wikimedia_mx/status/1379601803784949760 Source]) * '''Development''' ** Started research and collecting material for the work on improvements to the Lexeme UI and prepared the first interviews ** Finishing up the work on the first version of the Query Builder. We still need to get the security review before we can deploy it properly. Current state can be tested on the [https://query-builder-test.toolforge.org/ test system]. ** Finalized the dashboard to see the number of (active/very active) editors split by namespace. See the graphs at the bottom of [https://grafana.wikimedia.org/d/000000162/wikidata-site-stats?orgId=1 this dashboard]. ** Continued working on the remaining pieces needed to fully support editing statements on Senses of a Lexeme ([[phab:T199896]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2021 04 12|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 16:58, 12 ga Afirilu, 2021 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=21300214 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #464 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' **Past: Wikidata - HackaLOD Online sessions ([https://hackalod.com/index.php/2021/03/26/terugkijken-de-wikidata-hackalod-online-sessie/ replay in Dutch]) ** Upcoming: [https://www.twitch.tv/belett SPARQL queries] live on Twitch and in French by Vigneron, April 20 at 18:00 CEST ** Upcoming: Next [[Wikidata:WikiProject_Linked_Data_for_Production#LD4-Wikidata_Affinity_Group|Linked Data for Libraries LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group]] call: [[d:User:Utl_awong|Alexandra Wong]] on experiences and workflows for linking archival collections to Wikidata. There will also be a recap of insights from the recent Canadian archivists’ [https://www.archivists.ca/event-4213205 panel on Wikidata] by the University and College Archives Special Interest Section (UCASIS) of the Association of Canadian Archivists (ACA). [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1-4kf6iQj6Jeiz3978pN5Z6g-246l9sUXnLgxFSMpZPI/edit?usp=sharing Agenda], April 20 ** Upcoming: Wikipedia Weekley Network - Biodiversity edition: iNaturalist place ID [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9fKP-oKh0b8 YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/wikipediaweekly/permalink/3838856909495445/ Facebook], April 23 ** Upcoming: LIVE Wikidata editing #41 - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=We-aKmOYPKA YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2938997133052111/ Facebook], April 24 ** Upcoming: 25 April - [[:wmpt:WikidataDays Sessions II|WikidataDays Sessions II]], an online editing session dedicated to democracy and political parties, coinciding with the celebration of [[d:Q193245|Freedom Day]]. ** Upcoming: [[d:Wikidata:Events/Swedish_online_editathon#Träff_#59|Online Wikidata meetup in Swedish #59]], April 25 * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** Blogs *** [https://tech-news.wikimedia.de/en/2021/04/14/wikibase-the-software-for-open-data-projects/ Wikibase: the Software for Open Data projects] ** Videos *** Structured Data on Commons explained, with Andrew Lih, John Cummings and Pharos ([https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dLFReHgDpWo Youtube]) *** [https://voxeu.org/vox-talks/discovering-historys-notable-people Discovering history's notable people] (audio). Using Wikidata and Wikipedia as the backbone, this project "construct[s] a new dataset of more than seven million notable individuals across recorded human history". *** LIVE Wikidata editing #40 - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0tp1yeIJ9F4 YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2938247909793700/ Facebook] *** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IE1ZF02-yI0?t=1877 Adding information through EntitySchemas to Wikidata] Andra Waagmeester and Jose Labra *** SPARQL query requests around lexicography mapping] by [[d:User:VIGNERON|VIGNERON]] - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ClbB3f2PX6k YouTube] *** Fast Linking of Mathematical Wikidata Entities in Wikipedia Articles Using Annotation Recommendation - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hdCgbxOSQA8 YouTube] *** Wiki2Prop: A Multimodal Approach for Predicting Wikidata Properties from Wikipedia - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7Wr1hkO-bDo&t=4s YouTube] *** Wikidata Lab XXVII: WikiProject Brazilian Laws - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GWeJ0wlezyw YouTube] *** Librarians and Wikidata. A short tour - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rbvFzpZOkHg YouTube] * '''Tool of the week''' ** [[d:User:So9q/Gadget-CreateNewEntity.js|User:So9q/Gadget-CreateNewEntity.js]] is a userscript to add a "create new item" link in the dropdown menu for when you want to * add an item to a property, but the item does not exist. (recently modified to support lexemes). * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2021/03/15/humaniki-march-update-public-launch-of-alpha-release/ Humaniki March Update: Public Launch of Alpha Release] ** [https://www.lehir.net/another-history-of-denelezh/ Another history of Denelezh] ** Wikidata Lexeme Forms no longer automatically redirects you to login, so you can now use edit mode to view the forms of a lexeme in the “right” order. [https://lexeme-forms.toolforge.org/template/english-noun/edit/L5517 Here is an example]. * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P9440|pH value]], [[:d:Property:P9448|introduced on]], [[:d:Property:P9453|ALA-LC romanization for Ukrainian]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P9426|Generals of World War II ID]], [[:d:Property:P9427|La Réunion des Livres ID]], [[:d:Property:P9428|Humanitāro zinātņu virtuālā enciklopēdija concept ID]], [[:d:Property:P9429|Humanitāro zinātņu virtuālā enciklopēdija person ID]], [[:d:Property:P9430|Encyclopedia of Jewish Women ID]], [[:d:Property:P9431|Urban Archive ID]], [[:d:Property:P9432|GCD publisher ID]], [[:d:Property:P9433|Letecká badatelna accident ID]], [[:d:Property:P9434|Proveana ID]], [[:d:Property:P9435|KATOTTH ID]], [[:d:Property:P9436|La Fenice Theatre in Venice person ID]], [[:d:Property:P9437|Politiklexikon ID]], [[:d:Property:P9438|Europalexikon ID]], [[:d:Property:P9439|National Inventory of Dams ID]], [[:d:Property:P9441|Wissens-Aggregator Mittelalter und Frühe Neuzeit ID]], [[:d:Property:P9442|Indigenous Lands in Brazil ID]], [[:d:Property:P9443|Virginia House of Delegates ID]], [[:d:Property:P9444|CAOI person ID]], [[:d:Property:P9445|Encyklopedie antropologie ID]], [[:d:Property:P9446|Our Campaigns race ID]], [[:d:Property:P9447|Olympedia affiliations ID]], [[:d:Property:P9449|ANPI place numeric ID]], [[:d:Property:P9450|National Provider Identifier]], [[:d:Property:P9451|Dicionário Histórico-Biográfico Brasileiro ID]], [[:d:Property:P9452|Brapci author ID]], [[:d:Property:P9454|Wikiroute ID]], [[:d:Property:P9455|Biographia Benedictina ID]], [[:d:Property:P9456|Periodical ID in a database of the Ministry of Culture of the Czech Republic]], [[:d:Property:P9457|National Database of Laws and Regulations ID]], [[:d:Property:P9458|Russians of Latvia ID]], [[:d:Property:P9459|Rekhta author ID]], [[:d:Property:P9460|Washington Rare Plant Field Guide ID]], [[:d:Property:P9461|DzygaMDB film ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/translator name string|translator name string]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/scope note|scope note]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/LIMA media artist ID|LIMA media artist ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CofE archives ID|CofE archives ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CofE archives name ID|CofE archives name ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CofE archives place ID|CofE archives place ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/has artist file in|has artist file in]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/term in higher taxon|term in higher taxon]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/accessibility statement URL|accessibility statement URL]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Hotel des Causses|Hotel des Causses]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Dialnet thesis ID|Dialnet thesis ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/IAU member ID|IAU member ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/MileSplit ID|MileSplit ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Australian Thesaurus of Education Descriptors ID|Australian Thesaurus of Education Descriptors ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Malaysian school code|Malaysian school code]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/synonymer.se Swedish synonym ID|synonymer.se Swedish synonym ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Prague City Gallery inventory number in Art for the City|Prague City Gallery inventory number in Art for the City]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Yukon Archives authority record ID|Yukon Archives authority record ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Cimiterium ID|Cimiterium ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Encyclopedia of Korean Culture ID|Encyclopedia of Korean Culture ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/HERO-tunniste|HERO-tunniste]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Smithsonian Ark ID|Smithsonian Ark ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Oregon Poetic Voices poet ID|Oregon Poetic Voices poet ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/J! Archive player ID|J! Archive player ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Gender Glossar ID|Gender Glossar ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Beirut Arab University's Libraries Title ID|Beirut Arab University's Libraries Title ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/music austria ID|music austria ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/identifiant Localisation - Joconde du Service des musées de France|identifiant Localisation - Joconde du Service des musées de France]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/identifiant techniques - Joconde du Service des musées de France|identifiant techniques - Joconde du Service des musées de France]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/identifiant utilisation - Joconde du Service des musées de France|identifiant utilisation - Joconde du Service des musées de France]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/identifiant représentation - Joconde du Service des musées de France|identifiant représentation - Joconde du Service des musées de France]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/NC Highway Historical Marker Program ID|NC Highway Historical Marker Program ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** [https://w.wiki/3CKq Artists on Spotify that lack a Spotify Artist ID (P1902) on Wikidata] ([https://twitter.com/exmusica/status/1383234852141506561 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/399S Timeline of the discovery of elements in the periodic table] ([https://twitter.com/Wikimedia_mx/status/1382072946211106821 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3Bb8 19th-century depictions of sunflowers] ([https://twitter.com/alastairdunning/status/1382038980062019585 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3BLN Czech art collections by size] ([https://twitter.com/medi_cago/status/1381668966209355779 Source]) ** Newest [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProjects]]: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Cyprus|Cyprus]] * '''Development''' ** Finished work on the support for editing statements on Senses on Lexemes via the API ([[phab:T199896]]) ** Got all feature work done on the first version of the Query Builder. It is now awaiting security review. ** Statements linking to deleted Lexemes now indicate this similar to statements linking to deleted Items ([[phab:T277089]]) ** Fixing a bug with misaligned grammatical features after an OOUI update ([[phab:T278522]]) ** Finished work on the small tools to get the number of constraints violations and ORES scores for a list of Items. Will publish soon. ** Did interviews with a few people about how they work around lexicographical data ** Selected [[Wikidata:Lexicographical data/Focus languages|focus languages]] for continued work on lexicographical data and Abstract Wikipedia together with Abstract Wikipedia team. The selected ones are Hausa, Igbo, Bengali, Malayalam and Dagbani. You can read more about it in the [[metawiki:Abstract_Wikipedia/Updates/2021-04-15|Abstract Wikipedia newsletter]]. ** Gave input to WMF search platform team for a survey draft around the query service in order to better understand how to move forward with improvements [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2021 04 19|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 14:31, 19 ga Afirilu, 2021 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=21353617 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #465 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''Discussions''' ** Other: [[d:Wikidata:Project_chat#Scientific_papers'_labels_in_other_languages_than_English|Scientific papers' labels in other languages than English]] * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' ** Upcoming: Wikidata/Wikibase office hour, [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1619625603 16:00 UTC on Wednesday 28th April 2021] (18:00 Berlin time), on the Wikidata [https://t.me/joinchat/IeCRo0j5Uag1qR4Tk8Ftsg Telegram channel]. ** Upcoming: The [https://etherpad.wikimedia.org/p/WBUG_,April_2021 next Wikibase live session] is [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1619712004 16:00 UTC on Thursday 29th April 2021] (18:00 Berlin time). Everyone is welcome to come and share out about your project or what you're working on around Wikibase. ** Upcoming: OpenStreetMap TW x Wikidata Taiwan {{Q|1867}} Meetup 2021-05-10 ** [https://blog.coscup.org/2021/04/coscup-2021-cfp.html COSCUP 2021 CFP] is now open ** Upcoming: LIVE Wikidata editing #42 - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DdvD6aIFmpc YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2944276429190848/ Facebook], May 1 ** Upcoming: [[d:Wikidata:Events/Swedish_online_editathon#Träff_#60|Online Wikidata meetup in Swedish #60]], May 2 * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** [[d:User:Lucas Werkmeister/P642 considered harmful|User:Lucas Werkmeister/P642 considered harmful]] ** [https://wikibase.consulting/wikibase-edtf/ New extension: Wikibase EDTF] by [https://professional.wiki/ Professional.Wiki] ([https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U5ndjtuDPf8 Demo video]) ** Videos *** OpenStreetMap x Wikidata Meetup #27 - Wikidata Lexeme Teaching - [https://open.lbry.com/@WikidataTaiwan:c/2021-04-12-19-36-51:7?r=HfSCYzz8AKfPHhU1UxhBhqNpeWdXS6Vs LBRY], [https://odysee.com/@WikidataTaiwan:c/2021-04-12-19-36-51:7 Odysee] *** (Workshop) Introduction to Wikidata by [[d:User:Frimelle|Lucie Aimée Kaffee]] *** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IEVTCsJkShM Graphic Possibilities Comics Wikidata Tutorial] *** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J59HbIYHLkc SPARQL tutorial] (in Portuguese) *** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lv3ec2rR0fk An Introduction to Wikidata] (in Malayalam) *** Wikidata tutorials in Albanian ([https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=21fqF5-c8U4 1], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZS0txlYqcHQ 2], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RGz_ac2sjXw 3], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U8Aw3kqj6-0 4]) *** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uMpPku47nsw SPARQL #Wikidata back to basics] (in French) *** (Workshop) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GqopRdbwLDc #1Lib1Ref​ on Wikidata] *** Adding an article to Wikidata by DOI (in Portuguese) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QeG5rzsI90I YouTube] *** LIVE Wikidata editing #41 - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=We-aKmOYPKA YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2938997133052111/ Facebook] *** Working with Zotero on WiKidata (in Italian) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dcopxAMpFlk YouTube] * '''Tool of the week''' ** [[d:User:So9q/AddNewLexemeMenu.js|User:So9q/AddNewLexemeMenu.js]] is a userscript that adds a section to the sidebar with links for creating new lexemes. * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** WMDE built two tools to help editors get a better understanding of the quality of Wikidata's data in a specific area of interest. Try them out and let us know what you think. *** [https://item-quality-evaluator.toolforge.org Item Quality Evaluator] *** [https://github.com/wmde/wikidata-constraints-violation-checker Constraint Violation Checker] ** Collaborative translation of ''Cita'' is now [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Translating:Cita available] on translatewiki.net. [[Wikidata:Zotero/Cita|''Cita'']] is a Wikidata addon that adds citations metadata support to ''Zotero'', using [[:d:Property:P2860|cites work (P2860) ]] information from Wikidata, and enabling users to easily contribute missing data. ''Cita'' is currently under development with a WikiCite grant from the Wikimedia Foundation, and presentation workshops will be held on May 27th (Spanish) and May 31st (English). More info and pre-registration [[Wikidata:Zotero/Cita#Presentation_workshop|here]]. ** [https://github.com/UB-Mannheim/RaiseWikibase RaiseWikibase] is a tool for speeding up multilingual knowledge graph construction with Wikibase. Among other features, it can be utilized to create a mini Wikibase instance with Wikidata properties in a few minutes. ** [https://langsamu.github.io/sparql-blockly SPARQL-Blockly] is a tool to visualise and construct SPARQL queries as visual blocks ([https://langsamu.github.io/sparql-blockly/#%23%20See%20https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wikidata.org%2Fwiki%2FWikidata%3ASPARQL_query_service%2Fqueries%2Fexamples%23Number_of_handed_out_academy_awards_per_award_type%0D%0A%0D%0ABASE%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.wikidata.org%2F%3E%0D%0APREFIX%20p%3A%20%3Cprop%2F%3E%0D%0APREFIX%20pq%3A%20%3Cprop%2Fqualifier%2F%3E%0D%0APREFIX%20ps%3A%20%3Cprop%2Fstatement%2F%3E%0D%0APREFIX%20wdt%3A%20%3Cprop%2Fdirect%2F%3E%0D%0APREFIX%20wd%3A%20%3Centity%2F%3E%0D%0APREFIX%20bd%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.bigdata.com%2Frdf%23%3E%0D%0APREFIX%20wikibase%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwikiba.se%2Fontology%23%3E%0D%0A%0D%0ASELECT%20%3FawardCount%20%3Faward%20%3FawardLabel%0D%0AWHERE%20%7B%0D%0A%09%7B%0D%0A%09%09SELECT%20(COUNT(%3Faward)%20AS%20%3FawardCount)%20%3Faward%0D%0A%09%09WHERE%20%7B%0D%0A%09%09%09%7B%0D%0A%09%09%09%09SELECT%20(SAMPLE(%3Fhuman)%20AS%20%3Fhuman)%20%3Faward%20%3FawardWork%20(SAMPLE(%3Fdirector)%20AS%20%3Fdirector)%20(SAMPLE(%3FawardEdition)%20AS%20%3FawardEdition)%20(SAMPLE(%3Ftime)%20AS%20%3Ftime)%0D%0A%09%09%09%09WHERE%20%7B%0D%0A%09%09%09%09%09%3Faward%20wdt%3AP31%20wd%3AQ19020%20.%0D%0A%09%09%09%09%09%7B%0D%0A%09%09%09%09%09%09%3Fhuman%0D%0A%09%09%09%09%09%09%09p%3AP166%20%3FawardStat%20%3B%0D%0A%09%09%09%09%09%09%09wdt%3AP31%20wd%3AQ5%20.%0D%0A%09%09%09%09%09%09%3FawardStat%0D%0A%09%09%09%09%09%09%09ps%3AP166%20%3Faward%20%3B%0D%0A%09%09%09%09%09%09%09pq%3AP805%20%3FawardEdition%20%3B%0D%0A%09%09%09%09%09%09%09pq%3AP1686%20%3FawardWork%0D%0A%09%09%09%09%09%7D%0D%0A%09%09%09%09%09UNION%0D%0A%09%09%09%09%09%7B%0D%0A%09%09%09%09%09%09%3FawardWork%0D%0A%09%09%09%09%09%09%09wdt%3AP31%20wd%3AQ11424%20%3B%0D%0A%09%09%09%09%09%09%09p%3AP166%20%3FawardStat%20.%0D%0A%09%09%09%09%09%09%3FawardStat%0D%0A%09%09%09%09%09%09%09ps%3AP166%20%3Faward%20%3B%0D%0A%09%09%09%09%09%09%09pq%3AP805%20%3FawardEdition%0D%0A%09%09%09%09%09%7D%20.%0D%0A%09%09%09%09%09OPTIONAL%20%7B%0D%0A%09%09%09%09%09%09%3FawardEdition%20wdt%3AP585%20%3Ftime%20.%0D%0A%09%09%09%09%09%09%3FawardWork%20wdt%3AP57%20%3Fdirector%0D%0A%09%09%09%09%09%7D%0D%0A%09%09%09%09%7D%0D%0A%09%09%09%09GROUP%20BY%20%3FawardWork%20%3Faward%0D%0A%09%09%09%7D%0D%0A%09%09%7D%0D%0A%09%09GROUP%20BY%20%3Faward%0D%0A%09%09ORDER%20BY%20%3FawardCount%0D%0A%09%7D%20.%0D%0A%09SERVICE%20wikibase%3Alabel%20%7B%0D%0A%09%09bd%3AserviceParam%20wikibase%3Alanguage%20'%5BAUTO_LANGUAGE%5D%2Cen'%0D%0A%09%7D%0D%0A%7D Wikidata example]) ** [[:mw:Wikibase/FAQ|Wikibase/FAQ]] is a living document of a list of frequently asked questions about Wikibase. Community members are welcome to contribute to it. ** RIP [[Wikidata:Deceased editors/2021#Liz Marley|Liz Marley]] * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P9453|ALA-LC romanization for Ukrainian]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P9449|ANPI place numeric ID]], [[:d:Property:P9450|National Provider Identifier]], [[:d:Property:P9451|Dicionário Histórico-Biográfico Brasileiro ID]], [[:d:Property:P9452|Brapci author ID]], [[:d:Property:P9454|Wikiroute ID]], [[:d:Property:P9455|Biographia Benedictina ID]], [[:d:Property:P9456|Periodical ID in a database of the Ministry of Culture of the Czech Republic]], [[:d:Property:P9457|National Database of Laws and Regulations ID]], [[:d:Property:P9458|Russians of Latvia ID]], [[:d:Property:P9459|Rekhta author ID]], [[:d:Property:P9460|Washington Rare Plant Field Guide ID]], [[:d:Property:P9461|DzygaMDB film ID]], [[:d:Property:P9462|Bioguiden movie theater ID]], [[:d:Property:P9463|MovieMeter person ID]], [[:d:Property:P9464|Biblioteca Digital Curt Nimuendajú ID]], [[:d:Property:P9465|SonyLIV show ID]], [[:d:Property:P9466|Gyldendals Teaterleksikon ID]], [[:d:Property:P9467|IAU member ID]], [[:d:Property:P9468|LIMA media artist ID]], [[:d:Property:P9469|Singers.com ID]], [[:d:Property:P9470|HistoryLink essay number]], [[:d:Property:P9471|inventory number of a work of art in the Art for the City database]], [[:d:Property:P9472|Cimiterium ID]], [[:d:Property:P9473|Smithsonian Ark ID]], [[:d:Property:P9474|Oregon Poetic Voices poet ID]], [[:d:Property:P9475|Encyclopedia of Korean Culture ID]], [[:d:Property:P9476|Malaysian school code]], [[:d:Property:P9477|Trap Danmark ID]], [[:d:Property:P9478|Finna ID]], [[:d:Property:P9479|Berliner Bezirkslexikon: Mitte ID]], [[:d:Property:P9480|Berliner Bezirkslexikon: Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf ID]], [[:d:Property:P9481|Berliner Bezirkslexikon: Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg ID]], [[:d:Property:P9482|Catalogue of the General State Archives ID]], [[:d:Property:P9483|CofE archives ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/accessibility statement URL|accessibility statement URL]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/symbol represents|symbol represents]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/main upper course|main upper course]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Political Graveyard geography ID|Political Graveyard geography ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/diel cycle|diel cycle]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Taxon holotype location|Taxon holotype location]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Smithsonian trinomial prefix|Smithsonian trinomial prefix]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Digital Atlas of Idaho taxon ID|Digital Atlas of Idaho taxon ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/hardware threading standard|hardware threading standard]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/music austria ID|music austria ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/identifiant Localisation - Joconde du Service des musées de France|identifiant Localisation - Joconde du Service des musées de France]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/identifiant utilisation - Joconde du Service des musées de France|identifiant utilisation - Joconde du Service des musées de France]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/identifiant représentation - Joconde du Service des musées de France|identifiant représentation - Joconde du Service des musées de France]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/NC Highway Historical Marker Program ID|NC Highway Historical Marker Program ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Forbes (Russia) profile ID|Forbes (Russia) profile ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Indiana State Historical Marker Program ID|Indiana State Historical Marker Program ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Digital DISCI ID|Digital DISCI ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/The Draft Review ID 2|The Draft Review ID 2]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Reallexikon zur Deutschen Kunstgeschichte ID|Reallexikon zur Deutschen Kunstgeschichte ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Enzyklopädie des europäischen Ostens ID|Enzyklopädie des europäischen Ostens ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/National Historical Museums of Sweden agent ID|National Historical Museums of Sweden agent ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/IUCN Green List ID|IUCN Green List ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Gardens of the Roman Empire ID|Gardens of the Roman Empire ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Historic Hawai‘i Foundation ID|Historic Hawai‘i Foundation ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/UNITER Award person ID|UNITER Award person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ID právnické osoby vedené Ministerstvem kultury ČR|ID právnické osoby vedené Ministerstvem kultury ČR]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CEV Team-ID|CEV Team-ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Anime Filler List show id|Anime Filler List show id]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CEV Coach-ID|CEV Coach-ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/memento.wien person ID|memento.wien person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/MyBIS ID|MyBIS ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Ultime lettere di condannati a morte e di deportati della Resistenza italiana person ID|Ultime lettere di condannati a morte e di deportati della Resistenza italiana person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/am.hayazg.info ID|am.hayazg.info ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/The Criterion Collection film ID|The Criterion Collection film ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Digital Library of Armenian Literature author ID|Digital Library of Armenian Literature author ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Kielitoimiston sanakirja ID|Kielitoimiston sanakirja ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Gopo Award ID|Gopo Award ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Director Identification Number|Director Identification Number]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/TheTVDB character ID|TheTVDB character ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/JECFA number|JECFA number]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Norges Fotballforbund klubb ID|Norges Fotballforbund klubb ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/representatives1821.gr ID|representatives1821.gr ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Parliament of Romania person ID|Parliament of Romania person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Apple TV movie ID|Apple TV movie ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** [https://w.wiki/3Drj Timeline of road vehicles crashing into Montague Street Bridge, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia] *** [https://w.wiki/3DoA Coal-fired power plants in Germany] ([https://twitter.com/g0rg0nzola/status/1385204580556890114 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3EB9 Average lifespan by profession] (Select the desired columns and get labels) ([https://twitter.com/plegoux/status/1385179333933797380 Source]) *** [http://w.wiki/3Cs8 The number of natural disasters in various countries since 1970] ([https://twitter.com/wikimediaid/status/1385173482749587459 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3EAm Heads of states/governments whose cause of death was a military casualty] ([https://twitter.com/WikidataFacts/status/1384989860973490177 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3DQd List of French stations sorted by number of tracks] ([https://twitter.com/maeool/status/1384619280910667777 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/MBE Relationship of the different Corona viruses] ([https://twitter.com/kvistgaard/status/1384217360471449603 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3EtL Map of about one third of the ancient trees in Bulgaria ] ([https://twitter.com/b_bilyana/status/1386362307161346048 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3ERC Lexemes without statements or senses by language] ** Newest database reports: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Movies/lists/Doctor Who companions|''Doctor Who'' companions]] * '''Development''' ** wbeditentity now supports editing statements on Senses ([[phab:T199896]]) ** We added syntax highlighting for viewing Entity Schema pages. There is not syntax highlighting for editing of Entity Schemas yet. ([[phab:T238831]]) ** Improved the way Lua deals with redirects ([[phab:T238831]]) ** Worked on making it possible to add a title to the top of a query visualization via a comment in the SPARQL code ([[phab:T225883]]) ** Discussed how to get persistent storage of constraint violations unstuck as this is a prerequisite to making it easier to analyze and query constraint violations ([[phab:T214362]]) ** Discussed a high-level plan for how to move forward with checking Wikidata's data against 3rd-party databases ** Finished work on version 1 of the Query Builder. Not it is awaiting security review before we can deploy it. [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Take a list of cities in your country, add {{Template|Item documentation}} in the talk page and have fun looking at people born in this place ordered by number of sitelinks. You may have some surprises! ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2021 04 26|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 16:47, 26 ga Afirilu, 2021 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=21390330 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #466 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' ** Past: Wikidata+Wikibase office hour happened on April 28th. See notes [[d:Wikidata:Events/IRC office hour 2021-04-28|here]] (English). ** Upcoming: [[m:International Museum Day 2021|International Museum Day]], May 3-18, including a [[m:International Museum Day 2021/Wikidata Competition|Wikidata competition]] ** Upcoming: Basics about SPARQL queries [https://www.twitch.tv/belett live on Twitch] and in French by Vigneron, May 4 at 18:00 CEST ** Upcoming: [https://www2.ciimar.up.pt/events.php?id=244 Scholia - Open Bibliometrics for Researchers] webinar on Zoom, May 5 at 10h30 UTC (free, but registration needed) ** Upcoming: LIVE Wikidata editing #42 - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GdYcY6YmRDE YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2949456088672882/ Facebook], May 8 ** Upcoming: [[d:Wikidata:Events/Swedish_online_editathon#Träff_#61|Online Wikidata meetup in Swedish #61]], May 9 ** Upcoming: the next [[d:Wikidata:Events#Wikidata_bug_triage_hour|Wikidata bug triage hour]] will take place on May 17th on the topic of quality constraints ** Upcoming: [[mw:Wikimedia Hackathon 2021|Wikimedia Hackathon, May 22-23]]. The call for proposals for the program is now open until May 9th for the main track (May 19th for the open rooms) [[mw:Topic:W7xmmkqx8o1vxjg6|More information]] * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** Blogs *** [https://addshore.com/2021/04/wbstack-infrastructure-2021/ WBStack Infrastructure] - current deployment and architecture of [https://www.wbstack.com/ wbstack.com] ** Videos *** Mix'n'match workshop in (Italian) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oDl2q-7WC7g YouTube] *** SPARQL #Wikidata back to basics (in French) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uiFTY5zKZvI YouTube] *** Wikidata Lab XXVIII: Metadata applications (a technical training on the process of metadata applications development) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XQQPwBMb8Gg YouTube] *** Upload workshop (in Dutch) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sm5VDb0LxW0 datacleaning], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1MN3k_JXzeU reconciliation], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=870UI7O4mdc upload], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W0v0Iwde86I embed metadata with exiftool] & [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vkY41FVhmxk Upload images with Pattypan and link with Wikidata]. *** LIVE Wikidata editing #42 - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DdvD6aIFmpc YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2944276429190848/ Facebook] *** [[m:Wikipedia Weekly Network/Live Wikidata Editing‎|Overview of all LIVE Wikidata editing episodes]] including topics and tools used to make search easier * '''Tool of the week''' ** [https://d5demos.mpi-inf.mpg.de/negation/ Wikinegata] is a platform for browsing interesting negations about Wikidata entities. ([https://d5demos.mpi-inf.mpg.de/negation/videos/demo.mp4 Overview video]) * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** [[:d:Template:Item classification|Template:Item classification]] and [[:d:Template:Item documentation|Template:Item documentation]] now include more generic queries for classes: it include the number of subclasses, the number of instances, the number of instances by class, the list of instances and the list of most frequent properties for items of this class. ** [[:d:Template:TP organization|TP organization]] now includes generic queries for items of class school. ** [[d:Wikidata:Project_chat#Over_3,000,000_usages_of_taxon_name_(P225)|Over 3,000,000 usages of taxon name (P225)]] * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P9488|field of usage]], [[:d:Property:P9493|artist files at]], [[:d:Property:P9494|accessibility statement URL]], [[:d:Property:P9496|degrees day]], [[:d:Property:P9499|Beirut Arab University's Libraries title ID]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P9484|J! Archive player ID]], [[:d:Property:P9485|CofE archives name ID]], [[:d:Property:P9486|HERO ID]], [[:d:Property:P9487|GLEI RAL]], [[:d:Property:P9489|Archdiocese of Liverpool parish ID]], [[:d:Property:P9490|Yukon Archives authority record ID]], [[:d:Property:P9491|CofE archives place ID]], [[:d:Property:P9492|NC Highway Historical Marker Program ID]], [[:d:Property:P9495|National Historical Museums of Sweden agent ID]], [[:d:Property:P9497|Australian Thesaurus of Education Descriptors ID]], [[:d:Property:P9498|Enzyklopädie des europäischen Ostens ID]], [[:d:Property:P9500|Reallexikon zur Deutschen Kunstgeschichte ID]], [[:d:Property:P9501|Oregon Flora Image Project ID]], [[:d:Property:P9502|Digital DISCI ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Clubhouse account|Clubhouse account]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Danmarks Tekniske Kulturarv book ID|Danmarks Tekniske Kulturarv book ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/hat Gedenkort|hat Gedenkort]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Secondary Archive artist ID|Secondary Archive artist ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/date of probate|date of probate]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/LMIC musician ID|LMIC musician ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/DC Books store book ID|DC Books store book ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ctext data entity ID|ctext data entity ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SAIA authority ID|SAIA authority ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/AdServio school ID|AdServio school ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Apple Music label ID|Apple Music label ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/MacArthur Fellows Program ID|MacArthur Fellows Program ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Encyclopedia of China Online Database ID|Encyclopedia of China Online Database ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/DHLE|DHLE]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/APA Dictionary of Psychology entry|APA Dictionary of Psychology entry]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Scholarpedia article ID|Scholarpedia article ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Biology Online Biology Dictionary entry|Biology Online Biology Dictionary entry]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Biblioteca di Santa Sabina ID|Biblioteca di Santa Sabina ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Biblioteche della Custodia di Terra Santa a Gerusalemme ID|Biblioteche della Custodia di Terra Santa a Gerusalemme ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Universal equine life number|Universal equine life number]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Auschwitz Prisoners Database ID|Auschwitz Prisoners Database ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Nevada SHPO marker ID|Nevada SHPO marker ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Sigla ID|Sigla ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Bing Entity ID|Bing Entity ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/light characteristic|light characteristic]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Lexikon der österreichischen Provenienzforschung ID|Lexikon der österreichischen Provenienzforschung ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Identificativo Polo bibliografico della Ricerca|Identificativo Polo bibliografico della Ricerca]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/LTit person ID|LTit person ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** [https://w.wiki/3GDK List number of albums (Q482994) by language (P407) in descending order] ([https://twitter.com/exmusica/status/1388311217752662019 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3GcN Map of Scottish council areas] ([https://twitter.com/Tagishsimon/status/1387767074148294663 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3FNJ Databases with a SPARQL endpoint, sorted by number of ids known by Wikidata] ([https://twitter.com/maxlath/status/1387753147137990656 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3Enc List of actors and actresses who died during 2020] ([https://twitter.com/Wikimedia_mx/status/1386779968504532992 Source]) ** Newest database reports: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Movies/reports/screenwriters/new|new screenwriters]] * '''Development''' ** Entity Schemas now have syntax highlighting for viewing ([[phab:T238831]], [[d:EntitySchema:E10|example]]) ** Reviewing a patch that will make it possible to use templates on [[d:MediaWiki:Wikibase-SortedProperties]]. This will for example make it possible to show labels automatically for each Property ID. Thanks, Luca! ([[phab:T280787]]) ** Evaluated the interviews and other research we did around improvements for lexicographical data ** Worked on/fixed small remaining bugs in the Query Builder ([[phab:T280505]], [[phab:T279928]], [[phab:T279945]]) ** Continuing to work on evaluating and addressing scaling issues of the Query Service ** Provided input to a research team working on a potential new and improved Property Suggester ** Wikibase: we are completing the final tasks necessary to prepare the Wikibase Spring release and expect to publish new versions of the tarball and Docker images on or before May 15, 2021 [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** [[d:Wikidata:Contribute/Suggested and open tasks|Suggested and open tasks]]! ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2021 05 03|Read the full report]]''' &middot; [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] &middot; [[:d:User:Lea Lacroix (WMDE)|Lea Lacroix (WMDE)]] 15:46, 3 Mayu 2021 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Lea Lacroix (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=21417611 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #466 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' ** Past: Wikidata+Wikibase office hour happened on April 28th. See notes [[d:Wikidata:Events/IRC office hour 2021-04-28|here]] (English). ** Upcoming: [[m:International Museum Day 2021|International Museum Day]], May 3-18, including a [[m:International Museum Day 2021/Wikidata Competition|Wikidata competition]] ** Upcoming: Basics about SPARQL queries [https://www.twitch.tv/belett live on Twitch] and in French by Vigneron, May 4 at 18:00 CEST ** Upcoming: [https://www2.ciimar.up.pt/events.php?id=244 Scholia - Open Bibliometrics for Researchers] webinar on Zoom, May 5 at 10h30 UTC (free, but registration needed) ** Upcoming: LIVE Wikidata editing #42 - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GdYcY6YmRDE YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2949456088672882/ Facebook], May 8 ** Upcoming: [[d:Wikidata:Events/Swedish_online_editathon#Träff_#61|Online Wikidata meetup in Swedish #61]], May 9 ** Upcoming: the next [[d:Wikidata:Events#Wikidata_bug_triage_hour|Wikidata bug triage hour]] will take place on May 17th on the topic of quality constraints ** Upcoming: [[mw:Wikimedia Hackathon 2021|Wikimedia Hackathon, May 22-23]]. The call for proposals for the program is now open until May 9th for the main track (May 19th for the open rooms) [[mw:Topic:W7xmmkqx8o1vxjg6|More information]] * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** Blogs *** [https://addshore.com/2021/04/wbstack-infrastructure-2021/ WBStack Infrastructure] - current deployment and architecture of [https://www.wbstack.com/ wbstack.com] ** Videos *** Mix'n'match workshop in (Italian) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oDl2q-7WC7g YouTube] *** SPARQL #Wikidata back to basics (in French) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uiFTY5zKZvI YouTube] *** Wikidata Lab XXVIII: Metadata applications (a technical training on the process of metadata applications development) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XQQPwBMb8Gg YouTube] *** Upload workshop (in Dutch) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sm5VDb0LxW0 datacleaning], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1MN3k_JXzeU reconciliation], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=870UI7O4mdc upload], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W0v0Iwde86I embed metadata with exiftool] & [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vkY41FVhmxk Upload images with Pattypan and link with Wikidata]. *** LIVE Wikidata editing #42 - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DdvD6aIFmpc YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2944276429190848/ Facebook] *** [[m:Wikipedia Weekly Network/Live Wikidata Editing‎|Overview of all LIVE Wikidata editing episodes]] including topics and tools used to make search easier * '''Tool of the week''' ** [https://d5demos.mpi-inf.mpg.de/negation/ Wikinegata] is a platform for browsing interesting negations about Wikidata entities. ([https://d5demos.mpi-inf.mpg.de/negation/videos/demo.mp4 Overview video]) * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** [[:d:Template:Item classification|Template:Item classification]] and [[:d:Template:Item documentation|Template:Item documentation]] now include more generic queries for classes: it include the number of subclasses, the number of instances, the number of instances by class, the list of instances and the list of most frequent properties for items of this class. ** [[:d:Template:TP organization|TP organization]] now includes generic queries for items of class school. ** [[d:Wikidata:Project_chat#Over_3,000,000_usages_of_taxon_name_(P225)|Over 3,000,000 usages of taxon name (P225)]] * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P9488|field of usage]], [[:d:Property:P9493|artist files at]], [[:d:Property:P9494|accessibility statement URL]], [[:d:Property:P9496|degrees day]], [[:d:Property:P9499|Beirut Arab University's Libraries title ID]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P9484|J! Archive player ID]], [[:d:Property:P9485|CofE archives name ID]], [[:d:Property:P9486|HERO ID]], [[:d:Property:P9487|GLEI RAL]], [[:d:Property:P9489|Archdiocese of Liverpool parish ID]], [[:d:Property:P9490|Yukon Archives authority record ID]], [[:d:Property:P9491|CofE archives place ID]], [[:d:Property:P9492|NC Highway Historical Marker Program ID]], [[:d:Property:P9495|National Historical Museums of Sweden agent ID]], [[:d:Property:P9497|Australian Thesaurus of Education Descriptors ID]], [[:d:Property:P9498|Enzyklopädie des europäischen Ostens ID]], [[:d:Property:P9500|Reallexikon zur Deutschen Kunstgeschichte ID]], [[:d:Property:P9501|Oregon Flora Image Project ID]], [[:d:Property:P9502|Digital DISCI ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Clubhouse account|Clubhouse account]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Danmarks Tekniske Kulturarv book ID|Danmarks Tekniske Kulturarv book ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/hat Gedenkort|hat Gedenkort]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Secondary Archive artist ID|Secondary Archive artist ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/date of probate|date of probate]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/LMIC musician ID|LMIC musician ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/DC Books store book ID|DC Books store book ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ctext data entity ID|ctext data entity ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SAIA authority ID|SAIA authority ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/AdServio school ID|AdServio school ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Apple Music label ID|Apple Music label ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/MacArthur Fellows Program ID|MacArthur Fellows Program ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Encyclopedia of China Online Database ID|Encyclopedia of China Online Database ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/DHLE|DHLE]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/APA Dictionary of Psychology entry|APA Dictionary of Psychology entry]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Scholarpedia article ID|Scholarpedia article ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Biology Online Biology Dictionary entry|Biology Online Biology Dictionary entry]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Biblioteca di Santa Sabina ID|Biblioteca di Santa Sabina ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Biblioteche della Custodia di Terra Santa a Gerusalemme ID|Biblioteche della Custodia di Terra Santa a Gerusalemme ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Universal equine life number|Universal equine life number]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Auschwitz Prisoners Database ID|Auschwitz Prisoners Database ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Nevada SHPO marker ID|Nevada SHPO marker ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Sigla ID|Sigla ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Bing Entity ID|Bing Entity ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/light characteristic|light characteristic]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Lexikon der österreichischen Provenienzforschung ID|Lexikon der österreichischen Provenienzforschung ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Identificativo Polo bibliografico della Ricerca|Identificativo Polo bibliografico della Ricerca]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/LTit person ID|LTit person ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** [https://w.wiki/3GDK List number of albums (Q482994) by language (P407) in descending order] ([https://twitter.com/exmusica/status/1388311217752662019 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3GcN Map of Scottish council areas] ([https://twitter.com/Tagishsimon/status/1387767074148294663 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3FNJ Databases with a SPARQL endpoint, sorted by number of ids known by Wikidata] ([https://twitter.com/maxlath/status/1387753147137990656 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3Enc List of actors and actresses who died during 2020] ([https://twitter.com/Wikimedia_mx/status/1386779968504532992 Source]) ** Newest database reports: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Movies/reports/screenwriters/new|new screenwriters]] * '''Development''' ** Entity Schemas now have syntax highlighting for viewing ([[phab:T238831]], [[d:EntitySchema:E10|example]]) ** Reviewing a patch that will make it possible to use templates on [[d:MediaWiki:Wikibase-SortedProperties]]. This will for example make it possible to show labels automatically for each Property ID. Thanks, Luca! ([[phab:T280787]]) ** Evaluated the interviews and other research we did around improvements for lexicographical data ** Worked on/fixed small remaining bugs in the Query Builder ([[phab:T280505]], [[phab:T279928]], [[phab:T279945]]) ** Continuing to work on evaluating and addressing scaling issues of the Query Service ** Provided input to a research team working on a potential new and improved Property Suggester ** Wikibase: we are completing the final tasks necessary to prepare the Wikibase Spring release and expect to publish new versions of the tarball and Docker images on or before May 15, 2021 [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** [[d:Wikidata:Contribute/Suggested and open tasks|Suggested and open tasks]]! ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2021 05 03|Read the full report]]''' &middot; [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] &middot; [[:d:User:Lea Lacroix (WMDE)|Lea Lacroix (WMDE)]] 12:58, 4 Mayu 2021 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Lea Lacroix (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=21417611 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #467 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * ''' [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]] ''' **Ongoing *** [https://www.arte.go.it/event/concorso-wikidata-per-la-giornata-internazionale-del-museo-2021/ Wikidata contest for International Museum] from May 3-18 2021 ** Upcoming *** OpenStreetMap TW x Wikidata Taiwan [[d:Q1867|Taipei (Q1867)]] Meetup 2021-05-10 *** Basics about SPARQL queries [https://www.twitch.tv/belett live on Twitch] and in French by Vigneron, May 11 at 18:00 CEST *** [[d:Wikidata:Events/Swedish_online_editathon#Träff_#62|Online Wikidata meetup in Swedish #62]], May 16 *** [[d:Wikidata:Events#Wikidata_bug_triage_hour|Wikidata Bug triage hour]] about constraints, May 17 *** [https://blog.coscup.org/2021/04/coscup-2021-cfp.html COSCUP 2021 Call For Papers] now open *** [http://his.ncku.edu.tw/p/406-1190-220982,r3069.php?Lang=zh-tw Wikimedia Taiwan x NCKUHis Digital humanities Wikidata Workshop] [[d:Q706708| National Cheng Kung University (Q706708)]], 2021-05-29 ~ 2021-05-31 * ''' [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** Blogs *** [https://addshore.com/2021/05/wbstack-setting-changes-federated-properties-wikidata-entity-mapping-more/ WBStack setting changes, Federated properties, Wikidata entity mapping & more] (covering some of the recent UI and setting changes that happened on WBStack in the past months by [[d:User:Addshore|Addshore]] *** [https://www.kmjn.org/notes/academic_ancestors_wikidata.html Academic ancestor graphs from Wikidata] ** Papers *** Roderic D. M. Page, [[d:Q106727511|Wikidata and the Bibliography of Life]], doi:[https://doi.org/10.1101%2F2021.05.04.442638 10.1101/2021.05.04.442638] *** Friederike Ehrhart, et al. [[d:Q106708178|Aresource to explore the discovery of rare diseases and their causative genes (Q106708178)]], doi:[https://doi.org/10.1038/S41597-021-00905-Y 10.1038/S41597-021-00905-Y] ** Videos *** SPARQL #Wikidata​ retour aux bases #3 - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RQZBRVrKysE YouTube] *** Wikidata, Linked Data… all the data! Knowledge representation for everybody - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wkPcUO6eZ5k YouTube] *** Wikidata Nigeria tutorials on YouTube - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IzQWrxdtNP4 How to contribute to Wikidata], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MuO1bJhdbdQ add statements for streets named after a person] *** SPARQL Wikidata tutorial (in Portuguese) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3hrdZ9FWynA YouTube] *** LIVE Wikidata editing #42 - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GdYcY6YmRDE YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2949456088672882/ Facebook] * ''' Tool of the week''' ** [[d:User:Nikki/Ranker.js|User:Nikki/Ranker.js]] adds a link to the Ranker tool next to every property on an entity page. * ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikibaseug@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/WW4LZJINT3PIG3DOYKTXIWVP3WAKWXCT/ The Wikibase spring release is now available]! This new release is compatible with MediaWiki 1.35 and it contains new features: Federated Properties, WikibaseManifest & Wikibase Pingback. ** [[d:Wikidata_talk:Query_Builder#Query_Builder_update_-_May_2021|May 2021 Query Builder updates]]: We finished usability testing of new features and incorporated feedback from users including people with visual impairments and RTL languages. It is now possible to query for dates and we're also looking into making the Query Builder discoverable from the [https://query.wikidata.org/ Wikidata Query Service]. ** [[:d:Template:Generic queries for filmmakers|Template:Generic queries for filmmakers]] is a new wikidata template which defines generic SPARQL queries specific for filmmakers. ** [[:d:Template:Generic queries for occupations|Template:Generic queries for occupations]] is a new wikidata template with generic queries for items of items such as occupations or professions ** Wikimedia Foundation [[:m:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2021|2021 Board Elections]] has been announced. Please sign-up as an [[:m:Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2021/Election_Volunteers#1_-_50|Election Volunteer]] if you'd like to support the elections. Election Volunteers serve as a bridge between the Elections Committee, the facilitation team and the movement. * ''' Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P9519|Digital Atlas of Idaho URL]], [[:d:Property:P9531|identifier shared with lexeme]], [[:d:Property:P9533|audio transcription]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P9503|MyBIS species ID]], [[:d:Property:P9504|Beirut Arab University's Libraries title ID]], [[:d:Property:P9505|Gardens of the Roman Empire ID]], [[:d:Property:P9506|Ultime lettere di condannati a morte e di deportati della Resistenza italiana person ID]], [[:d:Property:P9507|NBM authority ID]], [[:d:Property:P9508|MileSplit ID]], [[:d:Property:P9509|Mixcloud ID]], [[:d:Property:P9510|Forbes (Russia) profile ID]], [[:d:Property:P9511|am.hayazg.info ID]], [[:d:Property:P9512|bridgesport.ru player ID]], [[:d:Property:P9513|APA Dictionary of Psychology entry]], [[:d:Property:P9514|The Draft Review ID]], [[:d:Property:P9515|Nevada SHPO marker ID]], [[:d:Property:P9516|IUCN Green List ID]], [[:d:Property:P9517|National Association of Teachers of Singing member ID]], [[:d:Property:P9518|Danmarks Tekniske Kulturarv book ID]], [[:d:Property:P9520|Auschwitz Prisoners Database ID]], [[:d:Property:P9521|Biology Online Biology Dictionary entry]], [[:d:Property:P9522|Biblioteca di Santa Sabina ID]], [[:d:Property:P9523|Senate of Romania person ID]], [[:d:Property:P9524|Chamber of Deputies of Romania person ID]], [[:d:Property:P9525|LMIC musician ID]], [[:d:Property:P9526|Scholarpedia article ID]], [[:d:Property:P9527|Historic Hawai‘i Foundation place ID]], [[:d:Property:P9528|Digital Library of Armenian Literature author ID]], [[:d:Property:P9529|Den Danske Ordbog article ID]], [[:d:Property:P9530|Den Danske Ordbog idiom ID]], [[:d:Property:P9532|OpenCorporates register ID]], [[:d:Property:P9534|Biblioteche della Custodia di Terra Santa a Gerusalemme ID]], [[:d:Property:P9535|IBSF competition ID]], [[:d:Property:P9536|SAIA authority ID]], [[:d:Property:P9537|Football Association of Norway Club ID]], [[:d:Property:P9538|music austria ID]], [[:d:Property:P9539|Secondary Archive artist ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/official podcast|official podcast]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Danish redlist ID|Danish redlist ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Velocity Relative to Earth|Velocity Relative to Earth]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/athletics program|athletics program]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/North Carolina session law|North Carolina session law]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/vedidk ID|vedidk ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/MyBIS protected area ID|MyBIS protected area ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/COG ID|COG ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Badok ID|Badok ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Christianity person ID|Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Christianity person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/DTB-Gerätturner-ID|DTB-Gerätturner-ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Encyclopedia of Renaissance Philosophy ID|Encyclopedia of Renaissance Philosophy ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/UK Renewable Energy Planning Database ID|UK Renewable Energy Planning Database ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/University of Washington Campus Map ID|University of Washington Campus Map ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Australian Music Centre composer ID|Australian Music Centre composer ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Romanian Ministry of Foreign Affairs - diplomatic mission IDs|Romanian Ministry of Foreign Affairs - diplomatic mission IDs]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SOUNZ work ID|SOUNZ work ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Canadian Music Centre Composer Showcase ID|Canadian Music Centre Composer Showcase ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Repositório da Produção USP Person ID|Repositório da Produção USP Person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Online Archive of California finding aid ID|Online Archive of California finding aid ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SOSBrutalism ID|SOSBrutalism ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Microlepidoptera.nl ID|Microlepidoptera.nl ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/OSDN project|OSDN project]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SOR bird ID|SOR bird ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Companies Registration Office (Ireland) Registration Number|Companies Registration Office (Ireland) Registration Number]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ToateAnimalele ID|ToateAnimalele ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Muziekencyclopedie ID|Muziekencyclopedie ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** [https://w.wiki/3JQn List of French firms without SIREN id (P1616) ordered by number of sitelinks with search links in annuaire-entreprises‧data‧gouv.fr] : the query makes it easy to find the [[:d:Property:P1616| SIREN number (P1616) ]] (source [[:d:Property talk:P1616|Property talk P1616]]) *** [https://w.wiki/3HQb Number of works per year by researchers supervised by Lars Kai Hansen] ([https://twitter.com/fnielsen/status/1389958802569580548?s=19 source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3C4b Count of sitelinks of Nigerians on Wikidata] ([https://twitter.com/WikidataNigeria/status/1389162931011694594 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3JXw 30 largest cities with female mayor] ([https://twitter.com/kvistgaard/status/1391438065332260865 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3Jk3 Recent locations of boundary stones in Upper Lusatia (see pictures by clicking on the dots)] ([https://twitter.com/juliannyca/status/1389541433787535360 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/4yS Types of items in Australia that don't have identifier properties] ([https://twitter.com/tobyhudson/status/1389407884924968961 Source]) * ''' Development''' ** Omaha-Ponca language is now available for monolingual text properties. ([[phab:T265296]]) ** Added a meaningful error message when trying to use Special:EntityData with a Lexeme subentity like L123-F1 in cases where the Lexeme L123 was redirected to another Lexeme ([[phab:T257494]]) ** Changed the “type” and “value type” constraints to ignore deprecated values ([[phab:T170401]]) ** Working on rendering empty claims in JSON as `claims: {}` instead of `claims: []` ([[phab:T241422]]) ** Investigating some issues with page_props missing on Commons wiki after adding sitelinks to Commons categories ([[phab:T280627]]) ** Removed Google Knowledge Graph Id (P2671) and Wolfram Language entity code (P4839) from the Property Suggestions as they are usually not useful suggestions ([[phab:T280779]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * ''' Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2021 05 10|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 13:22, 10 Mayu 2021 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=21437316 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #468 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''Discussions''' ** New request for comments: *** [[d:Wikidata:Requests for comment/Separating "citations" from all Wikipedia articles by using Wikidata|Separating "citations" from all Wikipedia articles by using Wikidata]] *** [[d:Wikidata:Requests for comment/IP Masking Engagement|IP Masking Engagement]] ** Closed request for comments: *** [[d:Wikidata:Requests for comment/Allow for Wikidata items to be created that only link to a single Wikimedia Commons category (Wikidata notability discussion)|Allow for Wikidata items to be created that only link to a single Wikimedia Commons category (Wikidata notability discussion)]]. Outcome --> no change to [[d:WD:N|WD:N]] *** [[d:Wikidata:Requests for comment/Inverse constraint on cause-and-effect properties|Inverse constraint on cause-and-effect properties]]. Outcome --> constraints were removed * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' **Ongoing: *** Data literacy snacks - Talk about "Wikibase knowledge graphs for data management & data science" on 23rd of June. For registration, send e-mail to info{{@}}berd-bw.de ** Upcoming *** SPARQL queries [https://www.twitch.tv/belett live on Twitch] and in French by Vigneron, May 18 at 18:00 CEST *** Next Linked Data for Libraries [[Wikidata:WikiProject LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group/Affinity Group Calls|LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group]] call: [[d:User:Mahir256|Mahir Morshed]] will be discussing Lexemes in Wikidata; [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1tclUVevCfoJ56uVW_PaEaYlAPhM7dlannNWz7g17HzY/edit Agenda], May 18th. *** May 21-22, 2021 [https://bpl.bibliocommons.com/events/6082feae428df5450011f1a8] Boston Rock City: Explore Wikidata and Learn About Local Music: Boston Public Library is partnering with Harvard Library for a guided exploration of Wikidata and local music history. Join us for two days of music and Wikidata editing; no prior experience or punk cred necessary! This public event is free to all and will take place via Zoom; please register in advance. The subject of this project is the Arthur Freedman Collection, and audiovisual archive that captures over four decades of Boston rock music performances. We’ll provide: instructions, tools, data sources, visualizations, optional Discord chat, and a soundtrack. If you have questions, please contact Harvard Library staff member Peter Laurence at laurenc@fas.harvard.edu. *** [[d:Wikidata:Events/Swedish_online_editathon#Träff_#63|Online Wikidata meetup in Swedish #63]], May 23 *** OpenStreetMap Taiwan x Wikidata Taiwan [[d:Q1867|Taipei (Q1867)]] Meetup 2021-06-07 [[d:Q61752245|Mozilla Community Space Taipei (Q61752245)]]. * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** Papers ***Hiba Arnaout et al, [[d:Q106630248|Negative Knowledge for Open-world Wikidata]] ([https://wikiworkshop.org/2021/papers/Wiki_Workshop_2021_paper_3.pdf full text link]) ** Videos *** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MyqK8iihGLw LIVE Wikidata editing #44] - YouTube **** Link to all the [[m:Wikipedia Weekly Network/Live Wikidata Editing|Wikipedia Weekly Network/Live Wikidata Editing]] sessions by [[d:User:Ainali|Ainali]] and [[d:User:Abbe98|Abbe98]] *** Wikidata, Wikimedia Commons und Wikipedia bearbeiten 2021/001 (in German) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wht1sc-fFyw YouTube] *** SPARQL #Wikidata retour aux bases #4 - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G8Koop-m4RA YouTube] *** How to use Wikidata to list nearby tourist places on a web page (in French) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7CeXNGArs54 YouTube] *** How to add lexemes to Wikidata (in Swedish) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7JHqz2DL7Io YouTube] *** How to edit library data in Wikidata (in Italian) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0WZfr8e1XhI YouTube] *** Editing the drawings in the Gambara Bovardi collection at the Levi Foundation in Venice on Wikidata (in Italian) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pycIxhbkGWU YouTube] * '''Tool of the week''' ** [[d:User:Lucas Werkmeister/hyphenation-point.js|User:Lucas Werkmeister/hyphenation-point.js]] is a user script that replaces any | characters with U+2027 HYPHENATION POINT when editing hyphenation snaks. * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2021/05/11/adding-dois-to-chinese-scientific-articles-on-wikidata/ 20k+ DOIs of Chinese language scientific journal articles have now been added to WD], thanks to scraping->validation->matching->quickstatements workflow built by [[User:Stevenliuyi|Stevenliuyi]] (via a [[m:WikiCite|WikiCite]] eScholarship) ** [[:s:Template:Annotate QID|Template:Annotate QID]] (currently on en. & de.Wikisource) allows names and other terms in texts to be semantically annotated with the equivalent QIDs. sv.Wikisource has [[:s:sv:Mall:Samma som|a similar template]]. ** [[:d:Template:Item documentation|Template:Item documentation]] displays [[:d:Template:Generic queries for occupations|Template:Generic queries for occupations]] for items of class occupation (Q12737077) and [[:d:Template:Generic queries for filmmakers|Template:Generic queries for filmmakers]] for items with occupation (P106) filmmaker (Q2526255) **Wikimedia Foundation [[:m:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2021|2021 Board Elections]] has been announced. Please sign-up as an [[:m:Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2021/Election_Volunteers#1_-_50|Election Volunteer]] if you'd like to support the elections. Election Volunteers serve as a bridge between the Elections Committee, the facilitation team and the movement. * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P9531|identifier shared with lexeme]], [[:d:Property:P9533|audio transcription]], [[:d:Property:P9547|counterpart position]], [[:d:Property:P9548|earned run average]], [[:d:Property:P9549|official podcast]], [[:d:Property:P9566|diel cycle]], [[:d:Property:P9567|intended background color]], [[:d:Property:P9570|scope note]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P9525|LMIC musician ID]], [[:d:Property:P9526|Scholarpedia article ID]], [[:d:Property:P9527|Historic Hawai‘i Foundation place ID]], [[:d:Property:P9528|Digital Library of Armenian Literature author ID]], [[:d:Property:P9529|Den Danske Ordbog article ID]], [[:d:Property:P9530|Den Danske Ordbog idiom ID]], [[:d:Property:P9532|OpenCorporates register ID]], [[:d:Property:P9534|Biblioteche della Custodia di Terra Santa a Gerusalemme ID]], [[:d:Property:P9535|IBSF competition ID]], [[:d:Property:P9536|SAIA authority ID]], [[:d:Property:P9537|Football Association of Norway club ID]], [[:d:Property:P9538|music austria ID]], [[:d:Property:P9539|Secondary Archive artist ID]], [[:d:Property:P9540|Editorial Freelancers Association member ID]], [[:d:Property:P9541|MacArthur Fellows Program ID]], [[:d:Property:P9542|representatives1821.gr ID]], [[:d:Property:P9543|Memento Vienna person ID]], [[:d:Property:P9544|universal equine life number]], [[:d:Property:P9545|Encyclopedia of China Online Database ID]], [[:d:Property:P9546|Indiana State Historical Marker Program ID]], [[:d:Property:P9550|Apple Music label ID (US version)]], [[:d:Property:P9551|bio.se movie theater ID]], [[:d:Property:P9552|MyBIS protected area ID]], [[:d:Property:P9553|Dialnet thesis ID]], [[:d:Property:P9554|hPSCreg cell line ID]], [[:d:Property:P9555|Michigan State University Library Comic Art Collection Record Number]], [[:d:Property:P9556|LTit person ID]], [[:d:Property:P9557|JECFA number]], [[:d:Property:P9558|Badok ID]], [[:d:Property:P9559|Sigla ID]], [[:d:Property:P9560|DCinemaToday company ID]], [[:d:Property:P9561|CEV coach ID]], [[:d:Property:P9562|CEV team ID]], [[:d:Property:P9563|Encyclopedia of Renaissance Philosophy ID]], [[:d:Property:P9564|Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Christianity ID]], [[:d:Property:P9565|AdServio ID]], [[:d:Property:P9568|PeakVisor peak ID]], [[:d:Property:P9569|PeakVisor range ID]], [[:d:Property:P9571|PeakVisor area ID]], [[:d:Property:P9572|PeakVisor park ID]], [[:d:Property:P9573|Anime Filler List show ID]], [[:d:Property:P9574|Anime Filler List episode slug]], [[:d:Property:P9575|Australian Music Centre composer ID]], [[:d:Property:P9576|Danish 2010 redlist identifier]], [[:d:Property:P9577|synonymer.se ID]], [[:d:Property:P9578|SOUNZ work ID]], [[:d:Property:P9579|vedidk ID]], [[:d:Property:P9580|Microlepidoptera.nl ID]], [[:d:Property:P9581|UNITER Award person ID]], [[:d:Property:P9583|sense on DHLE]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/infects|infects]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/setlist|setlist]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/oral history at|oral history at]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/DIVA author ID|DIVA author ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/DIVA record ID|DIVA record ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/type of lens|type of lens]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ToateAnimalele ID|ToateAnimalele ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Muziekencyclopedie ID|Muziekencyclopedie ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CDep.Ro NGO ID|CDep.Ro NGO ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/causesanti.va ID|causesanti.va ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Adevărul topic ID|Adevărul topic ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/bathingWaterIdentifier|bathingWaterIdentifier]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Scenic Washington scenic drives and road trips ID|Scenic Washington scenic drives and road trips ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Bodleian Archives & Manuscripts ID|Bodleian Archives & Manuscripts ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/cIMeC.Ro Museum ID|cIMeC.Ro Museum ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Newspaper Genre List ID|Newspaper Genre List ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Styria Museum ID|Styria Museum ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/What Works Clearinghouse study ID|What Works Clearinghouse study ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/WUA author ID|WUA author ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/hush.am person ID|hush.am person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Archive Alsharekh person ID|Archive Alsharekh person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Douban series ID|Douban series ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/RomArchive IDs|RomArchive IDs]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Moths and Butterflies of Europe and North Africa ID|Moths and Butterflies of Europe and North Africa ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Scholasticon person ID|Scholasticon person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Japan PlayStation Software Database ID|Japan PlayStation Software Database ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/WMF lang code|WMF lang code]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** [[d:Wikidata:Properties for deletion|Deleted properties]]: [[Wikidata:Requests for deletions/Archive/2020/Properties/1#P7478|iFixit repairability score (P7478)]] ** Query examples: *** [https://w.wiki/3Kuh Number of species belonging to the different IUCN conservation categories] ([https://twitter.com/jsamwrites/status/1393263549745704960 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3LHM List of Wikimedia language codes] ([https://twitter.com/EntityExplosion/status/1393832426606981122 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3kue Plant genera that honor women] ([https://twitter.com/dpsSpiders/status/1393262036151308295 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3LgY Poets whose fathers are lawyers] ([https://twitter.com/WorldsAspire/status/1393485819386732545 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3Jjy Phrase-book for types of food] (mapping Catalan and English) ([https://twitter.com/mlpoulter/status/1391731710321115138 Source]) * '''Development''' ** Fixed the [https://grafana.wikimedia.org/d/000000160/wikidata-entity-usage?orgId=1&refresh=5m entity usage dashboards] that no longer showed data due to technical issues. It tracks how much data from Wikidata is used on the other Wikimedia projects. ([[phab:T279762]]) ** Configured the Property Suggester to not suggest Google Knowledge Graph ID (P2671) and Wolfram Language entity code (P4839) ([[phab:T280779]]) ** Investigated remaining issue with updating the page_props table on the client wikis, which is confusing some bots making use of that table ([[phab:T280627]]) ** Fixed an issue in the Query Builder where it got confused when adding several conditions with the same Property ([[phab:T279945]]) ** Working on tracking the number of edits per namespace over time ([[phab:T281356]]) ** Working on fixing a bug where old revisions of Items have edit buttons but should not ([[phab:T281587]]) ** Fixing an issue where value suggestions are not showing all values that are defined in the property constraint ([[phab:T280650]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Near 6,100 items have the [[d:Template:Item documentation|Template:Item documentation]] in their talk page. Help deploy this template. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2021 05 17|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 15:18, 17 Mayu 2021 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=21450055 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #469 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' ** Past *** HackaLOD Online: Estimating the interest of art relationships with Wikidata - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6egtKzrN6E0 YouTube] ** Ongoing *** [[d:Wikidata:IFLA Wikidata Working Group/1Lib1Ref|#1Lib1Ref Campaign by IFLA Wikidata Working Group]] (May 15 - June 5) **** [[d:Wikidata:Gruppo Wikidata per Musei, Archivi e Biblioteche/1Lib1Ref|#1Lib1Ref Campaign in Italy]], as part of the IFLA Wikidata Working Group campaign (May 15 - June 5); more than 10k references have already been added (see the [https://outreachdashboard.wmflabs.org/courses/GWMAB/1Lib1Ref_2021 dashboard] for more details) ** Upcoming *** The [https://etherpad.wikimedia.org/p/WBUG_,May_2021 next Wikibase live session] is [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1622131236 16:00 UTC on Thursday 27th May 2021] (18:00 Berlin time). Everyone is welcome to come and share out about your project or what you're working on around Wikibase. *** '''27/05 (17h UTC):''' [[w:pt:Wikipédia:Edit-a-thon/Atividades em português/Wikidata Lab XXIX|Wikidata Lab XXIX: Roundtripping process]] with [[d:User:Ederporto|Ederporto]], [[d:User:Pharos|Pharos]] e [[d:User:Susannaanas|Susannaanas]] ('''in English'''), on [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9l77bc-rgrc YouTube] *** SPARQL queries [https://www.twitch.tv/belett live on Twitch] and in French by Vigneron, May 25 at 18:00 CEST *** LIVE Wikidata editing #45 - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h5vVbuTI7PY YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2965557083729449/ Facebook], May 29 at 18:00 UTC *** [[d:Wikidata:Events/Swedish_online_editathon#Träff_#64|Online Wikidata meetup in Swedish #64]], May 30 *** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_LD4_Wikidata_Affinity_Group/Wikibase_and_WBStack_Working_Hours|LD4 Wikibase Working Hour: The history, present and future of WBStack & WBaas (Wikibase as a service)]] [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/converter.html?iso=20210527T170000&p1=1440&p2=tz_et&p3=tz_cest&p4=tz_pt 27 May 2021, 1PM Eastern US]. Please [https://columbiauniversity.zoom.us/meeting/register/tJMkf-mupj8iGtFYsNZLq4ZqGeat_oPxb889 fill in this form] to register! * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** Blogs ***[https://ai.googleblog.com/2021/05/kelm-integrating-knowledge-graphs-with.html KELM: Integrating Knowledge Graphs with Language Model Pre-training Corpora]. Wikidata was used to generate sentences to train a language model. *** [http://ai.stanford.edu/blog/introduction-to-knowledge-graphs/ An Introduction to Knowledge Graphs] ** Videos *** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VujfdGnUnp0 Wikimedia Hackathon 2021 - Main track - Saturday 22] ***[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=weYWFgr1ZNc Curating bibliographic metadata of scholarly publications: demo of Wikidata-based Scholia workflows] ***[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ur-ehBrWbMU Demo of Ordia, a Wikidata tool to visualize lexicographic information from Wikidata] ***[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z8-QAzV1yhk Adding references to Wikidata items, as part of #1Lib1Ref campaign] (in Italian) * '''Tool of the week''' ** [[d:User:Jon Harald Søby/compact items.css|User:Jon Harald Søby/compact items.css]] is a stylesheet that shrinks the vertical space items take up on your screen, reducing the need to scroll to get an overview of an item. ([[:File:Wikidata Compact items screenshot.png|screenshot]]) * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' **The prefix <code><nowiki>[[lexemes:]]</nowiki></code> allows to link to a search for lexemes on any Wikimedia wiki. Sample: [[lexemes:describe]] ([[d:Wikidata:Project_chat#lexemes:_links_to_lexemes|project chat announcement]]). ** The [https://github.com/inventaire/wikidata-lang <code>wikidata-lang</code>] JS module got a major update, and now makes accessible pre-generated [https://github.com/inventaire/wikidata-lang/tree/master/mappings mappings] between Wikidata ids, [[:d:Property:P424|Wikimedia language code (P424)]], [[:d:Property:P218|ISO 639-1 code (P218)]], [[:d:Property:P219|ISO 639-2 code (P219)]], [[:d:Property:P220|ISO 639-3 code (P220)]], and [[:d:Property:P221|ISO 639-6 code (P221)]], that can also be used by non-JS programs by fetching the desired JSON. Examples: ***[https://raw.githubusercontent.com/inventaire/wikidata-lang/master/mappings/wd_id_by_wm_code.json mapping of Wikimedia language codes to Wikidata ids] ***[https://raw.githubusercontent.com/inventaire/wikidata-lang/master/mappings/wm_code_by_iso_639_2_code.json mapping of ISO 639-2 to Wikimedia language codes] ** Wikidata-related projects that have been developed/improved during the [[mw:Wikimedia Hackathon 2021|Wikimedia Hackathon 2021]]: *** [[d:User:Lucas Werkmeister/Ranker|User:Lucas_Werkmeister/Ranker]] - Finished and announced the batch modes for the Ranker tool, allowing users to edit the ranks of statements in Wikidata or Structured Data on Commons in bulk *** [https://lexeme-forms.toolforge.org/template/portuguese-adverb-modal/ Wikidata Lexeme Forms: Portuguese modal adverb] - Deployed support for Portuguese modal adverbs in the Wikidata Lexeme Forms tool *** [[d:User:Jon Harald Søby/addSenseImage.js|User:Jon Harald Søby/addSenseImage.js]] - User script to add images to sense statements on lexemes *** [[d:Wikidata:Tools/Enhance_user_interface#identifierInput.js|Wikidata:Tools/Enhance user interface#identifierInput.js]] - fixing a bug in IdentifierInput.js gadget for Wikidata to better handle when a property has no format restraints * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P9597|type of lens]], [[:d:Property:P9600|oral history at]], [[:d:Property:P9601|official map URL]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P9584|The Criterion Collection film ID]], [[:d:Property:P9585|Lexikon der österreichischen Provenienzforschung ID]], [[:d:Property:P9586|Apple TV movie ID]], [[:d:Property:P9587|Canadian Music Centre Composer Showcase ID]], [[:d:Property:P9588|causesanti.va ID]], [[:d:Property:P9589|Muziekencyclopedie ID]], [[:d:Property:P9590|North Carolina session law]], [[:d:Property:P9591|#SOSBrutalism ID]], [[:d:Property:P9592|Online Archive of California finding aid ID]], [[:d:Property:P9593|Museums in Styria ID]], [[:d:Property:P9594|Bodleian Archives & Manuscripts person ID]], [[:d:Property:P9595|SOR bird ID]], [[:d:Property:P9596|ToateAnimalele ID]], [[:d:Property:P9598|Polo bibliografico della ricerca entity ID]], [[:d:Property:P9599|Polo bibliografico della ricerca author ID]], [[:d:Property:P9602|OSDN project]], [[:d:Property:P9603|Scholasticon person ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/music for work|music for work]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/in sense|in sense]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/academic calendar type|academic calendar type]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Romanistenlexikon ID|Romanistenlexikon ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Buzer.de law identification|Buzer.de law identification]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/senato.archivioluce.it person ID|senato.archivioluce.it person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Apple TV show ID|Apple TV show ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Apple TV episode ID|Apple TV episode ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Australian Music Centre work ID|Australian Music Centre work ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/fondoambiente.it ID|fondoambiente.it ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Unified book number|Unified book number]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/GLEI ELF|GLEI ELF]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/RBF event ID|RBF event ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Poetsgate poet ID|Poetsgate poet ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Badkartan.se ID|Badkartan.se ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Book Owners Online person ID|Book Owners Online person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ifixit device ID|ifixit device ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Price One Penny Author ID|Price One Penny Author ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Price One Penny Publisher ID|Price One Penny Publisher ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Price One Penny Work ID|Price One Penny Work ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Medical Institution Code|Medical Institution Code]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/AlternativeTo software ID|AlternativeTo software ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/RoBasketballFed IDs|RoBasketballFed IDs]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Online Coins of the Roman Empire ID|Online Coins of the Roman Empire ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/bathingWaterIdentifier|bathingWaterIdentifier]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Enciclopedia della Matematica ID|Enciclopedia della Matematica ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** [https://w.wiki/3MoA Danish idioms] ([https://twitter.com/dhum2021C/status/1395694739542904832 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3MZJ Map of coronavirus research organizations active from before 2020] ([https://twitter.com/fnielsen/status/1395387847075635200 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3NMQ Scholarly articles about COVID-19 with "Wikipedia" in the title] *** [https://w.wiki/3NNt 20th-century UK parliaments with count of father/mother who were MPs] ([https://twitter.com/generalising/status/1395140118617395201 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3MAF The tallest known female politicians] ([https://twitter.com/perstar/status/1394916645454426112 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3Ls7 Writing systems/characters and their year of appearance] ([https://twitter.com/wikimediaid/status/1394632991507324931 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3NQN Nocturnal animals based on diel cycle] ([[d:Property_talk:P9566#Gallery_of_nocturnal_animals|Source]]) ** Newest database reports: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Movies/lists/Doctor_Who_episodes_new_series|Doctor Who episodes (new series)]] * '''Development''' ** Designing and planning for the first version of a tool to compare Wikidata's data against other databases and find mismatches that might need fixing ** Looking into unit conversion for the Commons Query Service ([[phab:T281468]]) ** Improving RDF export performance problems for very large Items ([[phab:T281272]]) ** Fixed entity suggestions not showing all Items defined in that Property's constraint ([[phab:T280650]]) ** Removed edit buttons that had reappeared on old revisions of Items where they shouldn't be ([[phab:T281587]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2021 05 24|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 15:45, 24 Mayu 2021 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=21466090 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #470 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''Discussions''' ** Closed request for comments: *** [[d:Wikidata:Requests for comment/Cleaning up the ontology of anonymous|Cleaning up the ontology of anonymous]]. Outcome: New model adopted, [[Wikidata:WikiProject_Visual_arts/Item_structure#Use_of_creator_(P170)_in_uncertain_cases|documentation updated]]. * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' ** Past *** [[:m:Wikibase Community User Group monthly meetings - May 2021|Wikibase Community User Group monthly meetings- May 2021]] *** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=juQO7M60RfI How to add references on Wikidata (# 1Lib1Ref 2021)] - working hour (2) *** SPARQL #Wikidata divers **** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x8w5YGW4hF4 Session du mardi 18 mai] **** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CvmQNkua41Q Session du mardi 25 mai] ** Upcoming *** SPARQL queries [https://www.twitch.tv/belett live on Twitch] and in French by Vigneron, June 1 at 18:00 CEST *** Next Linked Data for Libraries [[Wikidata:WikiProject LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group/Affinity Group Calls|LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group]] call: Affinity Group Co-facilitators will recap the last year, introduce plans for the coming year, and receive suggestions from the community for future sessions.; [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1fNCvP7suZoYZHxpku55eqVNGc0MM3sDmCOk9BRnISLU/edit?usp=sharing], June 1st. *** [[d:Wikidata:Events/Swedish_online_editathon#Träff_#65|Online Wikidata meetup in Swedish #65]], June 6 *** [[:m:Wikibase Community User Group/Meetings/2021-06-09|Meta meeting]] of the Wikibase Community User Group, to solve issues related to its affilation to the Wikimedia Foundation, June 9 *** [[d:Wikidata:Events#Wikidata_bug_triage_hour|Wikidata Bug Triage Hour]] about quality constraints, June 17 * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** Papers *** [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/351607486_Mapping_of_ImageNet_and_Wikidata_for_Knowledge_Graphs_Enabled_Computer_Vision Mapping of ImageNet and Wikidata for Knowledge Graphs Enabled Computer Vision] ** Videos *** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9l77bc-rgrc Wikidata Lab XXIX: Roundtripping process] *** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EyadhJmA_nM Use of VanderBot Wikidata API writing script] ([https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zv9rMzOczv8 testing]) *** LIVE Wikidata editing #45 - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h5vVbuTI7PY YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2965557083729449/ Facebook] * '''Tool of the week''' ** [[d:User:So9q/ordia-link.js|User:So9q/ordia-link.js]] - is a script to add a link to Ordia in the Tools section on items. * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** [https://www.wikidata.org/w/index.php?title=User:Kholoudsaa&oldid=1429524656 Call to participation in interview study to building a recommender system that can help improve the editing experience in Wikidata]: Researchers at King's College London develop a personalized recommendation system to suggest Wikidata items for the editors based on their interests and preferences. The researchers are inviting volunteers to interview them about their current ways to choose the items you work on in order to understand the factors that might influence such a decision. ** [[:de:Wikipedia:Meinungsbilder/Lokale_Seiten-Kurzbeschreibungen#Ergebnis|dewiki]] considered, but rejected the introduction of local short descriptions to replace those from Wikidata ** [[d:User:Nikki/LexemeEntitySuggester.js|User:Nikki/LexemeEntitySuggester.js]] was improved to now *** automatically suggests the existing senses/forms when using demonstrates sense/form *** automatically suggests items (based on the lemma matching the label or an alias) when using item for this sense *** and searches for lemmas exactly matching the input when using synonym, antonym, hyperonym or pertainym * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P9611|district heating grid]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P9604|DiVA authority-person]], [[:d:Property:P9605|CDep.Ro NGO ID]], [[:d:Property:P9606|WUA author ID]], [[:d:Property:P9607|hush.am person ID]], [[:d:Property:P9608|Moths and Butterflies of Europe and North Africa ID]], [[:d:Property:P9609|What Works Clearinghouse study ID]], [[:d:Property:P9610|PoetsGate poet ID]], [[:d:Property:P9612|Repositório da Produção da USP person ID]], [[:d:Property:P9613|ctext data entity ID]], [[:d:Property:P9614|Australian Music Centre work ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Martian coordinates|Martian coordinates]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/gobbledygook|gobbledygook]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Nevada Women's History Project ID|Nevada Women's History Project ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/AADFI member ID|AADFI member ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Bod-Inc Online author ID|Bod-Inc Online author ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Erfgoedkaart ID|Erfgoedkaart ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Price One Penny Periodical ID|Price One Penny Periodical ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Price One Penny Library ID|Price One Penny Library ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/composers.am person ID|composers.am person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/armradioarchive.am person ID|armradioarchive.am person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Armeniapedia ID|Armeniapedia ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers ID|Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ AZGS Document Repository ID| AZGS Document Repository ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/electronic Essential Medicines List medicine ID|electronic Essential Medicines List medicine ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/PAS member ID|PAS member ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ℒoviℱm Top Songs ID|ℒoviℱm Top Songs ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/20th Century Chinese Biographical Database ID|20th Century Chinese Biographical Database ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Dizionario Biografico dell'Educazione (1800-2000) ID|Dizionario Biografico dell'Educazione (1800-2000) ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/BIU Santé image bank ID|BIU Santé image bank ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/cadastral plot in France|cadastral plot in France]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Internet Game Database developer ID|Internet Game Database developer ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/allabolag.se person ID|allabolag.se person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Olschki author ID|Olschki author ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** [https://w.wiki/3Nqn People with bird-like surnames in Czech] ([https://twitter.com/medi_cago/status/1396922635011993600 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3PZn Properties used to link] from [[d:Q580922|preprints (Q580922)]] to [[d:Q13442814|scholarly articles (Q13442814)]] ([https://twitter.com/larswillighagen/status/1397693652584087553 Source]) *** [http://w.wiki/3N9E Birthplace of Spanish poets] ([https://twitter.com/modernitas2021/status/1397167034358710274 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3NrD UK Parliaments since 1801 with number of members, number of distinct member-terms, and count of missing seats/parties.] ([https://twitter.com/generalising/status/1396941233445130244 Source]) ** Newest database reports: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Lighthouses/lists/Fresnel lenses|Fresnel lenses of lighthouses]] * '''Development''' ** Italian Wikiversity used Lua on their Recent Changes SpecialPage via overwriting a MediaWiki message. Our code used to not expect that, now it does. ([[phab:T283240]]) ** Updating the panel that tracks Wikidata edits over time in different namespaces to include all namespaces ([[phab:T281356]]) ** Working on adding a new constraints type for Lexemes ([[phab:T200689]]) ** Working on designs for improving Special:NewLexeme ** Working on designs for the system to find mismatches between Wikidata's data and other databases ** Fixing some malformed globe-coordinate precisions in the database ([[phab:T283576]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2021 05 31|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 13:16, 31 Mayu 2021 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=21494252 --> Assalamu alaikum[[User:Shamsu Musa1|Shamsu Musa1]] ([[User talk:Shamsu Musa1|talk]]) == Wikidata weekly summary #471 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' ** Past: *** Wikimedia Hackathon 2021 (replay) "[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EA9sLTEdcSo Wikidata Live Querying]" by [[d:User:Lucas Werkmeister|Lucas Werkmeister]] *** SPARQL #Wikidata Préfixes 1/2 (in French) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r7ricJjl4WU YouTube] ** Upcoming: *** [[:m:Wikibase Community User Group/Meetings/2021-06-09|Meta meeting]] of the Wikibase Community User Group, Wednesday, June 9, 16:00 UTC *** LIVE Wikidata editing #46 - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=45BdQRcIek8 YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2975545379397286/ Facebook], June 12 at 18:00 UTC *** [[d:Wikidata:Events/Swedish_online_editathon#Träff_#66|Online Wikidata meetup in Swedish #66]], June 13 *** (Dutch) 16 june 2021, 15.00-16.30 CEST, "Universiteitsbibliotheek: Bijzondere Collecties zichtbaar en vindbaar maken in Wikidata", during "[https://library.maastrichtuniversity.nl/digitaal-erfgoed-um-zichtbaar-bruikbaar-houdbaar/ Digitaal Erfgoed @UM | zichtbaar, bruikbaar, houdbaar]" * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** Blogs ***[https://diff.wikimedia.org/2021/06/03/wikidata-and-r-a-perfect-pair/ "Wikidata and R: a perfect pair"] by [[user:Evolution and evolvability|Evolution and evolvability]] and [[User:Canley|Canley]]. A ''WikiCite'' eScholarship. ***"[https://diff.wikimedia.org/2021/06/04/brazilian-laws-modeling-the-brazilian-legislation-in-wikidata/ Brazil’s Laws: Modeling the Brazilian legislation in Wikidata]", by [[user:Ederporto|Ederporto]]. A WikiCite project grant project. ** Papers ***(Preprint) [[arxiv:2106.00459|KGPool: Dynamic Knowledge Graph Context Selection for Relation Extraction]] (Wikidata dataset used in evaluation) *** (Article) [https://www.infodocket.com/2021/06/06/article-wikidata-projects-in-times-of-covid-19-iupui-libraries-engagement-in-open-knowledge/ “Wikidata Projects in Times of COVID-19: IUPUI Libraries’ Engagement in Open Knowledge”] *** (Presentation) [https://figshare.com/articles/presentation/Explore_Analyse_and_Translate_Multilingual_Wikidata_Properties/14727561 Explore, Analyse and Translate Multilingual Wikidata Properties] by [[User:Jsamwrites]] at [[m:ContribuLing/Program|Contribuling]] ** Videos *** Understanding data import into Wikidata via Quickstatements (in Portuguese) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PbvtAqZqXeY YouTube] *** Workshop for [[Wikidata:Zotero/Cita|"Cita"]]: a Wikidata addon for Zotero, hosted by [[User:Diegodlh|Diegodlh]] - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_t7vMWNoi2M English] & [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1admRZlWrkQ en español]. A ''WikiCite'' grant project. *** Wikidata: Municipalities of Romania + a map of places in Kuopio - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uj8wQebsQno YouTube] *** Wikidata Editing training (in Tamil) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R0xSZCRI3Rc YouTube] *** Excursus: Wikidata Knowledge Graph - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hvRqzlIrmTc YouTube] * '''Tool of the week''' ** [[d:User:Lucas Werkmeister/Wikidata Image Positions|Wikidata Image Positions]] is a tool to show and add [[:d:Property:P2677|relative position within image (P2677)]] qualifiers on [[:d:Property:P180|depicts (P180)]] statements on Wikidata items as areas on the item’s [[:d:Property:P18|image (P18)]]. * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: none *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P9615|Badkartan.se ID]], [[:d:Property:P9616|Eionet bathingWaterIdentifier]], [[:d:Property:P9617|ifixit device ID]], [[:d:Property:P9618|AlternativeTo software ID]], [[:d:Property:P9619|Price One Penny author ID]], [[:d:Property:P9620|Nevada Women's History Project ID]], [[:d:Property:P9621|Treccani's Enciclopedia della Matematica ID]], [[:d:Property:P9622|Price One Penny work ID]], [[:d:Property:P9623|Price One Penny library ID]], [[:d:Property:P9624|Price One Penny publisher ID]], [[:d:Property:P9625|Dizionario Biografico dell'Educazione (1800–2000) ID]], [[:d:Property:P9626|Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers ID]], [[:d:Property:P9627|Romanistenlexikon ID]], [[:d:Property:P9628|composers.am person ID]], [[:d:Property:P9629|Armeniapedia ID]], [[:d:Property:P9630|OpenCorporates register jurisdiction]], [[:d:Property:P9631|armradioarchive.am person ID]], [[:d:Property:P9632|PANGO lineage code]], [[:d:Property:P9633|AZGS Document Repository ID]], [[:d:Property:P9634|AADFI member ID]], [[:d:Property:P9635|electronic Essential Medicines List medicine ID]], [[:d:Property:P9636|Japan PlayStation Software Database ID]], [[:d:Property:P9637|Erfgoedkaart ID]], [[:d:Property:P9638|Romanian diplomatic mission ID]], [[:d:Property:P9639|Foreign diplomatic mission in Romania ID]], [[:d:Property:P9640|PAS member ID]], [[:d:Property:P9641|fondoambiente.it ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Range|Range]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/not found in|not found in]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/LdiF person ID|LdiF person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/board game mechanism|board game mechanism]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Date of resignation|Date of resignation]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/DIP-ID|DIP-ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Castforward ID|Castforward ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Istituto Veneto di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti member ID|Istituto Veneto di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti member ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/EBAF ID|EBAF ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/FCCOS ID|FCCOS ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Dutch Caribbean Species Register ID|Dutch Caribbean Species Register ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/TBDB ID|TBDB ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/cirkev.cz bohoslužby ID|cirkev.cz bohoslužby ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Ropiky.net pillbox ID|Ropiky.net pillbox ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/GCD creator ID|GCD creator ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** [https://w.wiki/3SnX Properties used to describe themselves] ([https://twitter.com/cthoyt/status/1401691538040651777 Inspiration]) *** [https://w.wiki/3Sxm Most common name in Germany by year of birth] ([[d:Wikidata:Request_a_query/Archive/2021/03#Most_commons_name_in_Germany_by_year_of_birth|Source]]) *** [https://w.wiki/3Sxu Famous (not French) people born in France] ([[d:Wikidata:Request_a_query/Archive/2020/01#Famous_(not_french)_people_born_in_France|Source]]) * '''Development''' ** You can now add a title to a query visualisation by adding <code>#title:YourTitle</code> to your SPARQL code ([[phab:T225883]], [https://w.wiki/3RpY example query with a title]) ** Added a new constraints type to indicate that a certain Property should only be used on Lexemes of a certain language ([[phab:T200689]]) ** Working on not checking the format constraints via SPARQL to take that load off the SPARQL endpoint and make it technically better ([[phab:T176312]]) ** Working on making the API-Sandbox not suggest edits to real Items ([[phab:T219215]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2021 06 07|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 15:03, 7 ga Yuni, 2021 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=21551811 --> == Invitation for Functionary consultation 2021 == Greetings, Admins of the emerging community, I'm letting you know in advance about a meeting I'd like to invite you to regarding the [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] and the community's ownership of its future enforcement. I'm still in the process of putting together the details, but I wanted to share the date with you: 10/11 July, 2021. I do not have a time on this date yet, but I will let you soon. We have created a [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Functionary consultations/June and July 2021|meta page]] with basic information. Please take a look at the meta page and sign up your name under the appropriate section. Thank you for your time.--[[User:BAnand (WMF)|BAnand (WMF)]] 15:14, 10 June 2021 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:BAnand (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=MassMessage/Lists/UCoC_Group&oldid=21568660 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #472 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' ** Past *** SPARQL #Wikidata Préfixes 2/2 (session 8) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lu2kzcbIWnY YouTube] *** Open Repositories 2021: Wikidata Integration with Repository Contents - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bNxmj94ZSfs&t=5732s YouTube] *** Information Service Engineering 2021 **** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8dpltkumoDE SPARQL complex queries, SPARQL aggregation and variable assignment, Wikidata SPARQL examples] **** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j9gvVClaI9A SPARQL Federated Queries, DBpedia and Wikidata, SPARQL query aggregation and variable assignment] ** Upcoming *** Next [[Wikidata:WikiProject_Linked_Data_for_Production#LD4-Wikidata_Affinity_Group|Linked Data for Libraries LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group]] call: [[User:Diegodlh|Diego de la Hera]] on [[Wikidata:Zotero/Cita|Cita]], a Wikidata add-on for Zotero. [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1J_VTVktvmpMd4dTzFjQlGgKDEr7YaS5Mrxj6ME332X0/edit?usp=sharing Agenda], June 15 *** [[d:Wikidata:Events#Wikidata_bug_triage_hour|Wikidata Bug Triage Hour]] about quality constraints, June 17 *** LIVE Wikidata editing #47 - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZD5L5iTHa1c YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2980705608881263/ Facebook], June 19 at 18:00 UTC *** [[d:Wikidata:Events/Swedish_online_editathon#Träff_#67|Online Wikidata meetup in Swedish #67]], June 20 *** OpenStreetMap TW x Wikidata Taiwan [[d:Q1867|Taipei (Q1867)]] Meetup 2021-07-05 * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** Videos *** Gateway into Linked Data: Breaking silos with Wikidata - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U7AyM8XCcTo&t=1316s YouTube] *** LIVE Wikidata editing #46 - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=45BdQRcIek8 YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2975545379397286/ Facebook] * '''Tool of the week''' ** [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/PAWS SPARQL Jupyter notebooks in PAWS]: PAWS is a wikitech services which allows to run Jupyter notebooks. There is a SPARQL kernel which makes it possible to run SPARQL queries. See this [https://public.paws.wmcloud.org/User:PAC2/Women%20as%20scientific%20discoverers.ipynb example notebook]. * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** Wikidata Community/Diversity 2021 Survey has been [[:commons:File:Wikidata Community Survey 2021.pdf|published]]. The results are meant to serve as a baseline to see how the community might (not) change in the future. ** [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikidata@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/4VJS7P5OJBTSXDSAVI2VXAUXX7O56HGF/ WikidataCon 2021: A sustainable future for Wikidata]. Information about ''"the conference theme, its three-day program structure and a special project on diversity taking place before the conference itself"''. ** The [[:m:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2021/Candidates|call for candidates]] for 2021 Wikimedia Foundation Board elections has begun on June 9. The last date to apply is June 29, 2021. * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P9652|personality trait of fictional character]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P9625|Dizionario Biografico dell'Educazione (1800–2000) ID]], [[:d:Property:P9626|Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers ID]], [[:d:Property:P9627|Romanistenlexikon ID]], [[:d:Property:P9628|composers.am person ID]], [[:d:Property:P9629|Armeniapedia ID]], [[:d:Property:P9630|OpenCorporates register jurisdiction]], [[:d:Property:P9631|armradioarchive.am person ID]], [[:d:Property:P9632|PANGO lineage code]], [[:d:Property:P9633|AZGS Document Repository ID]], [[:d:Property:P9634|AADFI member ID]], [[:d:Property:P9635|electronic Essential Medicines List medicine ID]], [[:d:Property:P9636|Japan PlayStation Software Database ID]], [[:d:Property:P9637|Erfgoedkaart ID]], [[:d:Property:P9638|Romanian diplomatic mission ID]], [[:d:Property:P9639|Foreign diplomatic mission in Romania ID]], [[:d:Property:P9640|PAS member ID]], [[:d:Property:P9641|fondoambiente.it ID]], [[:d:Property:P9642|Olschki author ID]], [[:d:Property:P9643|French Etalab parcel visualization code]], [[:d:Property:P9644|Geneanet family name ID]], [[:d:Property:P9645|Online Coins of the Roman Empire ID]], [[:d:Property:P9646|senato.archivioluce.it person ID]], [[:d:Property:P9647|DIP ID]], [[:d:Property:P9648|Newspaper Genre List ID]], [[:d:Property:P9649|Dutch Caribbean Species Register ID]], [[:d:Property:P9650|Internet Game Database developer ID]], [[:d:Property:P9651|Book Owners Online person ID]], [[:d:Property:P9653|Bod-Inc Online author ID]], [[:d:Property:P9654|Burke Herbarium Image Collection ID]], [[:d:Property:P9655|Ropiky.net pillbox ID]], [[:d:Property:P9656|Istituto Veneto di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti member ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/LdiF person ID|LdiF person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/board game mechanism|board game mechanism]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Date of resignation|Date of resignation]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/sex or gender of the position|sex or gender of the position]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/regime|regime]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/earliest known OpenTimestamps|earliest known OpenTimestamps]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Biblioteca Nacional de Maestros|Biblioteca Nacional de Maestros]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/named after lexeme|named after lexeme]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/TBDB ID|TBDB ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/cirkev.cz bohoslužby ID|cirkev.cz bohoslužby ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/GCD creator ID|GCD creator ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Memobase ID|Memobase ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Central records of collections ID|Central records of collections ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Musica Baltica person ID|Musica Baltica person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Standard Citation Forms ID|Standard Citation Forms ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Montana Field Guide species ID|Montana Field Guide species ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/PRISM Break project ID|PRISM Break project ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Idaho Species ID|Idaho Species ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Room of Names ID|Room of Names ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ZKM person ID|ZKM person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/fotodok ID|fotodok ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/IFFR film director ID|IFFR film director ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/EUIPO OoC-name id|EUIPO OoC-name id]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Gutenberg Biographics ID|Gutenberg Biographics ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/EUIPO OoC-work id|EUIPO OoC-work id]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Games@Mail.ru ID|Games@Mail.ru ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/museumPASSmusées ID|museumPASSmusées ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Handlingar.se|Handlingar.se]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/NAD agent ID|NAD agent ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Bundesstiftung Aufarbeitung person ID|Bundesstiftung Aufarbeitung person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/OlympicsIL ID|OlympicsIL ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** [https://w.wiki/3Szs Lakes within 10 km of Berlin] *** Old bath [https://wcqs-beta.wmflabs.org/embed.html#%23defaultView%3AImageGrid%7B%22hide%22%3A%5B%22%3Fimage%20%22%5D%7D%0A%0A%23SELECT%20DISTINCT%20%3Ffile%20%3Fitem%20%3FitemLabel%20%3Fimage%20%20%3FDigitaltmuseum%0ASELECT%20DISTINCT%20%3FitemLabel%20%3Fimage%20%20%3FDigitaltmuseum%0AWITH%20%0A%7B%20SELECT%20%3Fitem%20%3FitemLabel%20%3FitemDescription%20%20WHERE%0A%20%20%7B%20SERVICE%20%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fquery.wikidata.org%2Fsparql%3E%20%0A%20%20%20%20%7B%3Fitem%20%20wdt%3AP6104%20wd%3AQ106774536.%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20SERVICE%20wikibase%3Alabel%20%7B%20bd%3AserviceParam%20wikibase%3Alanguage%20%22sv%2Cen%22.%20%3Fitem%20rdfs%3Alabel%20%3FitemLabel%20.%7D%0A%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%7D%0A%7D%20AS%20%25Wikidataitems%0A%0AWHERE%20%0A%7B%20%20INCLUDE%20%25Wikidataitems%20.%0A%20%20%3Ffile%20wdt%3AP180%20%3Fitem.%0A%20%20%3Ffile%20wdt%3AP7847%20%3FDigID.%0A%20%20BIND%28URI%28CONCAT%28%22https%3A%2F%2Fdigitaltmuseum.org%2F%22%2C%3FDigID%29%29%20AS%20%3FDigitaltmuseum%29%0A%20%20%3Ffile%20schema%3AcontentUrl%20%3Furl.%20%0A%20%20bind%28iri%28concat%28%22http%3A%2F%2Fcommons.wikimedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSpecial%3AFilePath%2F%22%2C%20wikibase%3AdecodeUri%28substr%28str%28%3Furl%29%2C53%29%29%29%29%20AS%20%3Fimage%29%0A%7D pictures from Swedish Digitalmuseum] *** Bath water in Sweden [https://query.wikidata.org/embed.html#%23title%3A%20Swedish%20Bathwaters%20with%20line%20to%20connected%20water%0A%23defaultView%3AMap%7B%22hide%22%3A%5B%22%3Fbathcoord%22%2C%22%3Flakecoord%22%2C%22%3Fline%22%2C%22%3Fstr%22%2C%22%3Flayer%22%5D%7D%0ASELECT%20%3Fstr%20%3Fbathwater%20%3FbathwaterLabel%20%3Fbathcoord%20%3Flake%20%3FlakeLabel%20%3Flakecoord%20%3Fdist%20%3Fline%20%3FSJOID%20%3Flayer%20%3FEionetBathingWaterIDentifier%20%3FHav%20%3FVISS%20WHERE%20%7B%0A%20%20%3Fbathwater%20wdt%3AP6104%20wd%3AQ106774536.%0A%20%20%20%3Fbathwater%20%20wdt%3AP625%20%3Fxx.%0A%20%20%20%3Fbathwater%20%20p%3AP625%20%5B%20a%20wikibase%3ABestRank%20%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20psv%3AP625%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20wikibase%3AgeoLatitude%20%3Fbathcoordlat%20%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20wikibase%3AgeoLongitude%20%3Fbathcoordlon%20%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20wikibase%3AgeoGlobe%20%3Fglobe%20%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5D%20%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ps%3AP625%20%3Fbathcoord%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5D%0A%20%20OPTIONAL%20%7B%20%3Fbathwater%20wdt%3AP9616%20%3FEionetBathingWaterIDentifier.%20%7D%0A%20%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%3Fbathwater%20wdt%3AP206%20%3Flake.%0A%20%20%20%3Flake%20%20wdt%3AP625%20%3Frr.%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3Flake%20%20p%3AP625%20%5Ba%20wikibase%3ABestRank%20%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20psv%3AP625%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20wikibase%3AgeoLatitude%20%3Flat%20%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20wikibase%3AgeoLongitude%20%3Flong%20%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20wikibase%3AgeoGlobe%20%3Fglobe2%20%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5D%20%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ps%3AP625%20%3Flakecoord%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5D%0A%20%20%20%20OPTIONAL%20%7B%20%3Flake%20wdt%3AP761%20%3FSJOID.%20%7D%0A%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%20BIND%28geof%3Adistance%28%3Fbathcoord%2C%20%3Flakecoord%29%20as%20%3Fdist%29%20.%20%0A%20%20%23filter%20%28%3Fdist%20%3E%3D%203%29%0A%20%20BIND%20%28floor%28%3Fdist%2F10%29%2a10%20as%20%3Flayer%29%20%0A%20%20BIND%28CONCAT%28%27LINESTRING%20%28%27%2C%20STR%28%3Fbathcoordlon%29%2C%20%27%20%27%2C%20STR%28%3Fbathcoordlat%29%2C%20%27%2C%27%2C%20STR%28%3Flong%29%2C%20%27%20%27%2C%20STR%28%3Flat%29%2C%20%27%29%27%29%20AS%20%3Fstr%29%20.%0A%20%20BIND%28STRDT%28%3Fstr%2C%20geo%3AwktLiteral%29%20AS%20%3Fline%29%20%0A%20%20BIND%28URI%28CONCAT%28%22https%3A%2F%2Fbadplatsen.havochvatten.se%2Fbadplatsen%2Fkarta%2F%23%2Fbath%2F%22%2C%3FEionetBathingWaterIDentifier%29%29%20AS%20%20%3FHav%29%0A%20%20BIND%28URI%28CONCAT%28%22https%3A%2F%2Fviss.lansstyrelsen.se%2FWaters.aspx%3FwaterEUID%3DSE%22%2C%3FSJOID%29%29%20AS%20%3FVISS%29%0A%20%20SERVICE%20wikibase%3Alabel%20%7B%20bd%3AserviceParam%20wikibase%3Alanguage%20%22en%2Csv%22.%20%7D%0A%7D%0AORDER%20BY%20DESC%28%3Fdist%29 with distance to the center of the lake it is connected to] *** Bath water in Sweden [https://w.wiki/3TrJ located in Nature reserves (protected area, geojson)] *** [https://w.wiki/3RHs Map of the standard English and Welsh spellings of all places in the database] ([https://twitter.com/WIKI_NLW/status/1403327228629377024 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3Qvi Films directed by Agnès Varda and their publication date] ([https://twitter.com/Wikimedia_mx/status/1402037551309991937 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3Jkb List of women who hold or have held the position of rector at a university] ([https://twitter.com/Wikimedia_mx/status/1404234275147419658 Source]) ** Schema examples: *** [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/EntitySchema:E319 EntitySchema:E319] - European bath waters ** Newest [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProjects]]: *** [[Wikidata:WikiProject European Bath Waters]] - Europe is open up and its summer - '''lets add bath waters to Wikidata''' * '''Development''' ** Working on no longer using the Query Service to evaluate Constraints Checks regular expressions (this should make our checks faster and allow for further improvements) ([[phab:T176312]]) ** Changing the rate limits for assigning Item IDs further, which should result in even fewer Q-IDs being skipped in the future ([[phab:T284538]]) ** Finalizing the concepts for a tool to help work on mismatches between Wikidata's data and other databases/websites/... [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2021 06 14|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 14:41, 14 ga Yuni, 2021 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=21551811 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #473 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' ** Upcoming *** The [https://etherpad.wikimedia.org/p/WBUG_2021.06.24 next Wikibase live session] is [https://iw.toolforge.org/zonestamp/1624550400 16:00 UTC on Thursday 24th June 2021] (18:00 Berlin time). This month we'll have a team member from [https://wikibase-stakeholder-group.github.io/ Wikibase Stakeholders Group] talk briefly about their work, and then we'll welcome people to share out about their work around Wikibase. We'll leave some space in the agenda to discuss meta issues related to the Wikibase Community Usergroup. *** SPARQL queries [https://www.twitch.tv/belett live on Twitch] and in English by Vigneron, June 22 at 18:00 CEST *** '''24/06 (17:30 UTC):''' [[w:pt:Wikipédia:Edit-a-thon/Atividades em português/Wikidata Lab XXX|Wikidata Lab XXX: Roundtripping process for tainacan]] with [[d:User:Ederporto|Ederporto]] and Dalton Lopes Martins (https://tainacan.org/en/ Tainacan) ('''in English'''), on [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x6m0rRgadu4 YouTube] *** [[d:Wikidata:Events/Swedish_online_editathon#Träff_#67|Online Wikidata meetup in Swedish #68]], June 27 *** LIVE Wikidata editing #47 - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QywDX83OZrw YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2985815161703641/ Facebook], June 26 at 18:00 UTC * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** Papers *** [[:d:Q107308059|Beyond VIAF. Wikidata as a Complementary Tool for Authority Control in Libraries]] (with [https://catalogo.pusc.it/beyond_viaf/ detailed statistics on VIAF and Wikidata]) ** Videos *** Using OpenRefine and creating wikidata schema - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=osYFU2UvE1Y YouTube] *** Query SPARQL Wikidata around genealogy (in French) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cc0pkmFkbYA YouTube] *** LIVE Wikidata editing #47 - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZD5L5iTHa1c YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2980705608881263/ Facebook] *** Global Open Initiative Foundation editing session - Adding statements about Ghanaian Members of Parliament using OpenRefine - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=50GBWVUCsO8 YouTube] * '''Tool of the week''' ** [[:d:Template:PositionHolderHistory|Template:PositionHolderHistory]] displays the full list of position holders for a given position. ** [[:d:Template:Generic queries for positions|Template:Generic queries for positions]] new template with generic queries for positions. * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** Interlanguage links now work for multilingual Wikisource. [[phab:T275958]] ** [[d:User:Nikki/LexemeEntitySuggester.js|User:Nikki/LexemeEntitySuggester.js]] now supports searching for senses for the translation property. ** The [[:m:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2021/Candidates|call for candidates]] for 2021 Wikimedia Foundation Board elections has begun on June 9. The last date to apply is June 29, 2021. ** Since the beginning of the month, phabricator tickets about language codes (and names of languages) were reviewed and triaged to better reflect their content and current status. Some work was done to better identify the steps for such changes, highlight and address bottlenecks and system issues. Patches for a few codes were contributed and are being released. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/tag/language_codes/ Phabricator "Language codes" workboard] provides an overview, [[phab:T284856]] attempts to identify maintenance steps and [[phab:T284276]] determine turn-around times. [[phab:T284808]] should finally close a gap in termbox language handeling. A way to better address some or all aspects of changes of language codes applicable to Wikipedia editions still needs to be found. Don't hesitate to request the addition or update of language names (e.g. the name of Dutch in Danish) or missing language codes, notably for monolingual strings (see [[d:Help:Monolingual_text_languages|Help:Monolingual text languages]]). * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P9660|not found in]], [[:d:Property:P9664|named place on map]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P9655|Ropiky.net pillbox ID]], [[:d:Property:P9656|Istituto Veneto di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti member ID]], [[:d:Property:P9657|Memobase ID]], [[:d:Property:P9658|Standard Citation Forms for Rare Materials Cataloging ID]], [[:d:Property:P9659|Skipsrevyen ID]], [[:d:Property:P9661|EBAF authority ID]], [[:d:Property:P9662|LdiF person ID]], [[:d:Property:P9663|Musica Baltica person ID]], [[:d:Property:P9665|EGID]], [[:d:Property:P9666|RBF event ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/named after lexeme|named after lexeme]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/replacement value|replacement value]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Qualis rank|Qualis rank]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/role of component|role of component]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/table of contents available at URL|table of contents available at URL]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/DICOM modality page|DICOM modality page]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Flemish Heritage Themes ID|Flemish Heritage Themes ID]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/OlympicsIL ID|OlympicsIL ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/EBIDAT ID|EBIDAT ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Crosscut author ID|Crosscut author ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/identifier BNM|identifier BNM]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Chidlovski.Com USSR national ice hockey team player ID|Chidlovski.Com USSR national ice hockey team player ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Handzone player ID|Handzone player ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/BES-Net user ID|BES-Net user ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Hokej.cz player ID|Hokej.cz player ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Research Resource Identifier|Research Resource Identifier]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/VK artist ID|VK artist ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/MonumentalTrees.com|MonumentalTrees.com]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Lexikon Westfälischer Autorinnen und Autoren person ID|Lexikon Westfälischer Autorinnen und Autoren person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/E-Flora BC species ID|E-Flora BC species ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/E-Fauna BC species ID|E-Fauna BC species ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Villo! station ID|Villo! station ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/LexM ID|LexM ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** [https://w.wiki/3VT7 Map of public bookcases] *** [https://public.paws.wmcloud.org/User:PAC2/Generic%20queries%20for%20positions.ipynb SPARQL Jupyter notebook to explore generic queries for positions] (using PAWS) *** [https://w.wiki/3W7h Biographies that can be linked in different Wikipedias (apart from deWP)] ([https://twitter.com/RegiowikiAt/status/1405806412039704579 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3WVb Vulnerable, endangered or extinct languages with number of lexemes in Wikidata] ([https://twitter.com/WikidataFacts/status/1404841876134445059 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3Lhb Articles in English Wikipedia about women that have the good article badge but do not have an article written in Spanish] ([https://twitter.com/editatona/status/1404553060223946755 Source]) ** Newest [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProjects]]: *** [[Wikidata:WikiProject Outdoor Gyms]] * '''Development''' ** Fixed a bug that broke the "Add sitelink" popup on Commons ([[phab:T284854]]) ** Working on a fix for suggesters popping up unexpectedly when tabbing quickly ([[phab:284219]]) ** Reviewing code for a new Property Suggester by a student ([[phab:T284820]]) ** Mismatch Finder: Working on a tool to work through mismatching data between Wikidata and external databases. Your feedback is welcome on [[d:Wikidata talk:Mismatch Finder|Wikidata talk:Mismatch Finder]] ** Curious Facts: We developed a tool to help editors check random curious facts on Wikidata. [https://wikidata-analytics.wmcloud.org/app/CuriousFacts Try it] and give us your feedback on [[d:Wikidata talk:Curious_Facts|Wikidata talk:Curious Facts]] ** Kicked off our continued work on Wikidata-Wikibase federation (Federation v2) with preparatory work, including: *** [[phab:T284909|Testing infrastructure investigation and decision]] *** Investigation: [[phab:T284913|How to refer to entities that have the same IDs as the source wikibase entities]] [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2021 06 21|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 15:23, 21 ga Yuni, 2021 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=21590290 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #474 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''Discussions''' ** New request for comments: [[d:Wikidata:Requests for comment/Automatic analysis and breakdown of links (for social accounts reference)|Automatic analysis and breakdown of links (for social accounts reference)]] * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' ** Past: *** [[m:Wikibase Community User Group/Meetings/2021-06-24|log of Wikibase Live session 2021-06-24]] ** Upcoming: *** SPARQL queries [https://www.twitch.tv/belett live on Twitch] and in French by Vigneron, June 28 at 18:00 CEST *** Next Linked Data for Libraries [[Wikidata:WikiProject LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group/Affinity Group Calls|LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group]] call: Robert Chavez (Northeastern University) will provide an introduction to SPARQL and using the Wikidata Query Service.; [https://docs.google.com/document/d/14wazqg7XJM3Asqq4kFcNHCVgBOGODRp0U8yFc-22WM8/edit?usp=sharing], June 29th. *** [[d:Wikidata:Events/Swedish_online_editathon#Träff_#69|Online Wikidata meetup in Swedish #69]], July 4 * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** Blogs *** [https://linkeddigitalfuture.ca/2021/06/22/wikidata-with-five-indigenous-artists/ A Journey Into Wikidata with Five Indigenous Artists] *** [https://blogs.bl.uk/digital-scholarship/2021/06/adding-data-to-wikidata-is-efficient-with-quickstatements.html Adding Data to Wikidata is Efficient with QuickStatements] ** Papers ***[[d:Q107338764|Which methods are the most effective in enabling novice users to participate in ontology creation? A usability study]] (compares Wikidata to other knowledge modelling tools) **** ** Videos *** LIVE Wikidata editing #47 - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QywDX83OZrw YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/2985815161703641/ Facebook], for the #ArcticKnot. *** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Dvzb4Svzck SPARQL queries live on Twitch about lexicography and lexemes] by Vigneron, for the #ArcticKnot. *** Wikidata Lab XXX: Roundtripping process for Tainacan - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x6m0rRgadu4 YouTube] *** Creating a new faculty item in Wikidata - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fu68LM5NicM YouTube *** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9fC3oXvQfqI Writing data to Wikidata], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nvWkaCcEEHA Wikidata Sandbox items] * '''Tool of the week''' ** [[d:Template:Item documentation|Template:Item documentation]] now includes [[d:Template:Generic queries for positions|Template:Generic queries for positions]]. It can be used for every position item in the talk page. See example with [[d:Talk:Q81066|head of the United Nations Secretariat]]. * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** Wikidata Community/Diversity 2021 Survey has been [[:commons:File:Wikidata Community Survey 2021.pdf|published]]. The results are meant to serve as a baseline to see how the community might (not) change in the future. Feel free to give us your feedback on [[d:Wikidata talk:Usability and usefulness/2021-2-Survey|this discussion page]]. ** Call for candidates for the [[m:Wikibase Community User Group/2021 contact election|2021 election to the position of primary contact]] for the [[m:Wikibase Community User Group|Wikibase Community User Group]]. Applicants should present themselves on [[m:Wikibase Community User Group/2021 contact election/Candidates|this page]] before '''2021-07-08 17:00 (UTC)''', after which voting will commence. ** [[d:Wikidata:Bodh|Bodh]] is a new tool to edit Lexemes by hand on a larger scale. ** [[wikitech:User:AKhatun/Wikidata_Vertical_Analysis|Wikidata Vertical Analysis]] by AKhatun (WMF) ** [https://lexeme-forms.toolforge.org/template/igbo-noun/ Wikidata Lexeme Forms now supports Igbo nouns] ** [https://twitter.com/LucasWerkmeistr/status/1406334472891551745 Wikidata Lexeme Forms now supports Malayalam proper nouns] ** A new version of the Open Art Browser allows discovering works of art in the new section "Types", which presents you more than 1500 expressions of art. [http://openartbrowser.org/en/classes Explore it!] * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P9667|date of resignation]], [[:d:Property:P9675|curid]], [[:d:Property:P9680|consequence of text]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P9666|RBF event ID]], [[:d:Property:P9668|cirkev.cz Catholic services ID]], [[:d:Property:P9669|Olympic Committee of Israel athlete ID]], [[:d:Property:P9670|ZKM person ID]], [[:d:Property:P9671|Bundesstiftung Aufarbeitung person ID]], [[:d:Property:P9672|Fotodok ID]], [[:d:Property:P9673|museumPASSmusées ID]], [[:d:Property:P9674|Burke Herbarium Image Collection contributor ID]], [[:d:Property:P9676|Vindskyddskartan.se ID]], [[:d:Property:P9677|Hokej.cz player ID]], [[:d:Property:P9678|Franciscan Center of Christian Oriental Studies ID]], [[:d:Property:P9679|Companies Registration Office (Ireland) Registration Number]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/delta of|delta of]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Astrological sign|Astrological sign]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/announced at|announced at]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/contact point (2)|contact point (2)]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/WTA-Trainer-ID|WTA-Trainer-ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Villo! station ID|Villo! station ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/LexM ID|LexM ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Classical Archives composer ID|Classical Archives composer ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/UFC ID|UFC ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Tapology ID|Tapology ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Bellator ID|Bellator ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Bauforschung Baden-Württemberg Objekt-ID|Bauforschung Baden-Württemberg Objekt-ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/FightMatrix ID|FightMatrix ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/World Curling Federation Championship ID|World Curling Federation Championship ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Ethereum token address|Ethereum token address]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Legie 100 legionary ID|Legie 100 legionary ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/PsycNET ID|PsycNET ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Index Theologicus ID|Index Theologicus ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/MK ID|MK ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CCC in Idaho Collection ID|CCC in Idaho Collection ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Gameblog.fr game ID|Gameblog.fr game ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/African Film Database ID|African Film Database ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Games und Erinnerungskultur Datenbank ID|Games und Erinnerungskultur Datenbank ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Great Ukrainian Encyclopedia Online ID|Great Ukrainian Encyclopedia Online ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Native-Land.ca Territory ID|Native-Land.ca Territory ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Native-Land.ca Language ID|Native-Land.ca Language ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Great Encyclopedia of Cyril and Methodius ID|Great Encyclopedia of Cyril and Methodius ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/HockeyLive player ID|HockeyLive player ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/eishockey.info player ID|eishockey.info player ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** [https://w.wiki/3Yev Street names in Alsatian] ([[phab:T262922#7178793|source]]) *** [https://w.wiki/3Z8o What kind of places in Wales host public toilets?] ([https://twitter.com/WICI_LLGC/status/1409488011197300742 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3Yoe UK Health Ministers and their occupations on Wikidata] ([https://twitter.com/piecesofuk/status/1409081946865610756 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3YJM Count of statements by property for theatrical plays] ([https://twitter.com/Tagishsimon/status/1408382965898436610 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3XdN Things dedicated to St. John the Baptist] ([https://twitter.com/euwikipedia/status/1407790562917367816 Source]) * '''Development''' ** Mismatch Finder: We started building the foundation of the place that will store the mismatches between Wikidata and other databases/catalogs/... ** Continued work on migrating the checks of regular expressions for constraints from SPARQL to a better solution to take that load off of the SPARQL endpoint ([[phab:T176312]]) ** Made it possible to show language links from multilingual Wikisource to the other language versions of Wikisource ([[phab:T275958]]) ** Added a new constraint type to indicate that a certain Property should only be used on Lexemes with a specific language ([[phab:T200689]]) ** Fixed a weird issue with suggesters popping back up when they shouldn't ([[phab:T284219]]) ** Invalid data will not be handled better in RDF outputs ([[phab:T285131]]) ** Working on lowering the rate limit at which a misbehaving bot can waste new Item IDs to further reduce the percentage of skipped Item IDs ([[phab:T284538]]) ** Working on not suggesting real Item IDs in the API sandbox to avoid accidental edits by people who think it is not making real edits ([[phab:T219215]]) ** Working on reducing the time it takes between entering a value in a new statement and being able to save the statement ([[phab:T281669]]) ** Improved documentation of the usage tracking aspects in API help pages. Usage tracking is an internal mechanism to track which article on Wikipedia etc uses which data from an Item on Wikidata. ([[phab:T283040]]) ** Language codes for monolingual strings "gsw-fr", "ykg", "wya", "osa-latn" were made available: Alsatian, Tundra Yukaghir, Wendat, Osage ([[phab:T262922]], [[phab:T252198]], [[phab:T283364]], [[phab:T265297]]) ** The English name for language code "crh" and the Swedish name for "fa" were corrected ([[phab:T240350]], [[phab:T281702]]) ** Lexeme language codes ha-arab, sux-latn, sux-xsux, gsg, tlh-piqd, tlh-latn, bfi, pwn, enm were added. That is Hausa in Arabic script, Sumerian in cuneiform and Latin-script, German Sign Language, Klingon in pIqaD and Latin script, British Sign Language, Paiwan and Middle English. ([[phab:T282512]], [[phab:T279557]]) ** It was determined that language codes can be activated for Wikidata while being blocked for use on Incubator ([[phab:T273705]]), this to avoid projects such as a "British English Wikipedia" ** Language code "es-419" for Latin American Spanish has been available for labels and descriptions for quite some time ([[phab:T230786]]) ** A possibly confusing Russian mis-translation of the name of the language code for "multiple languages" (mul) is being reviewed ([[phab:T245927]]) ** "[[:en-simple:]]" can be used instead of "[[:simple:]]" to link to Simple Wikipedia. Query Services outputs "en-simple", not "simple" for sitelinks to Simple Wikipedia ([[phab:T283149]]). ** There was some discussion about the creation of a language code "en-in" for monolingual strings, but "en-in" as interface language seems to be preferred ([[phab:T212313]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2021 06 28|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 15:03, 28 ga Yuni, 2021 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=21652091 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #475 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''Discussions''' ** Open request for adminship: *** [[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Administrator/Allenwang6212a|Allenwang6212a]] (RfP scheduled to end after 6 July 2021 06:09 UTC) * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' **Past: *** Wikipedia Weekly Network - LIVE Wikidata editing #49 - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bHfBIxMa8qk YouTube] ** Upcoming: *** SPARQL queries [https://www.twitch.tv/belett live on Twitch] in French by Vigneron, July 6 at 18:00 CEST (UTC+2) * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** Blogs *** [https://blog.ldodds.com/2021/06/01/schema-explorers-and-how-they-can-help-guide-adoption-of-common-standards/ Schema explorers and how they can help guide adoption of common standards] *** [https://addshore.com/2021/06/tackling-technical-debt-big-and-small-in-wikidata-and-wikibase/ Tackling Technical Debt, big and small, in Wikidata and Wikibase] ** Papers *** [https://arxiv.org/pdf/2107.00156v1.pdf A Study of the Quality of Wikidata] *** [https://ejournals.bc.edu/index.php/ital/article/view/12959 Beyond VIAF: Wikidata as a Complementary Tool for Authority Control in Libraries] ** Videos *** (workshop) Editing Wikidata items about Ghanaian parliamentarians - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-eRbrmDlTr0 YouTube] *** Adding descriptions and statements to Wikidata using Quickstatements - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IAYlEhG0ILA&list=PL688h-0nBPOB3Z7GVKpYU9G23nX7QclT7&index=2 YouTube] *** Editing Wikidata (in German) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tIY3zANk9lw YouTube] * '''Tool of the week''' ** [[d:User:Nikki/AnchorLinks.js|User:Nikki/AnchorLinks.js]] is a userscript that adds a small link before property labels and statement values on entity pages to provide a clickable/copiable link to that section of the page. * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** A [https://karriere-igb.softgarden.io/job/11001088 job opening] for a fullstack developer to work on integrating Wikidata with expert-curated knowledge on invasion biology * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P9681|voted on by]], [[:d:Property:P9683|Qualis rank]], [[:d:Property:P9687|author given names]], [[:d:Property:P9688|author last name]], [[:d:Property:P9700|delta of]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P9682|Gutenberg Biographics ID]], [[:d:Property:P9684|Idaho Species ID]], [[:d:Property:P9685|Montana Field Guide species ID]], [[:d:Property:P9686|Classical Archives composer ID]], [[:d:Property:P9689|Crosscut author ID]], [[:d:Property:P9690|E-Fauna BC species ID]], [[:d:Property:P9691|E-Flora BC species ID]], [[:d:Property:P9692|LexM ID]], [[:d:Property:P9693|BES-Net user ID]], [[:d:Property:P9694|VK artist ID]], [[:d:Property:P9695|Legie 100 legionary ID]], [[:d:Property:P9696|Buzer.de law identification]], [[:d:Property:P9697|Games@Mail.ru ID]], [[:d:Property:P9698|World Curling Federation Championship ID]], [[:d:Property:P9699|FOIH themes ID]], [[:d:Property:P9701|African Film Database ID]], [[:d:Property:P9702|Gameblog.fr game ID]], [[:d:Property:P9703|CCC in Idaho Collection ID]], [[:d:Property:P9704|Monumental Trees ID]], [[:d:Property:P9705|Bauforschung Baden-Württemberg Objekt-ID]], [[:d:Property:P9706|Director Identification Number]], [[:d:Property:P9707|GCD creator ID]], [[:d:Property:P9708|Handzone player ID]], [[:d:Property:P9709|Games und Erinnerungskultur Datenbank ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/code name|code name]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/International Tables for Crystallography space group number|International Tables for Crystallography space group number]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Impact factor|Impact factor]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/dependency grammar relations|dependency grammar relations]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/biological target|biological target]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/URL for citizen's initiatives|URL for citizen's initiatives]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/incubator|incubator]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/project state|project state]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/fotoCH photographer ID|fotoCH photographer ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Raakvlak inventory number|Raakvlak inventory number]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/cultural broadcasting archive station ID|cultural broadcasting archive station ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/National Diet Library Persistent ID|National Diet Library Persistent ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/MANTO ID|MANTO ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/e-Rad researcher ID|e-Rad researcher ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/WMO code|WMO code]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** [https://w.wiki/3b8y List of pairs of senses on the same lexeme that have the same gloss in at least one language] ([https://t.me/c/1325756915/10445 Source]) *** Which British Monarch saw most US Presidents; which US President saw most British Monarchs? ([https://w.wiki/3b8x graph view]) ([https://w.wiki/3b8u dimensions view]) ([https://twitter.com/piecesofuk/status/1411624633137311748 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3amU All paintings (Q3305213) that depict (P180) a painting] ([https://twitter.com/seeksanusername/status/1411398102163103752 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3b3i Count of qualifiers used in performer (P175) statements] ([https://twitter.com/Tagishsimon/status/1411721094902452229 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3b4k Scientific and Commons names of animals which are threatened as per IUCN Red List] ([https://twitter.com/anandmallaya/status/1411717642184970243 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3U$P Latin American female mathematicians who are not on spanish Wikipedia but have an article in another language] ([https://twitter.com/Wikimedia_mx/status/1411019089938575361 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3aAf US Governors and their religion, if listed] ([https://twitter.com/erik_paulson/status/1410754713272950784 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3b4x Living soccer players whose birthday is on January 1st] ([https://twitter.com/PhiBo23/status/1409932152758808580 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3ZEU Museums nearby Cēsis (Q107582)] ([https://twitter.com/jeb_140/status/1409588960414769156 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3ZEK Distribution of public toilets per administrative units in Wales] ([https://twitter.com/Jan_Ainali/status/1409580247348097032 Source]) * '''Development''' ** Mismatch Finder: We continued the work on building the basic store that in the future will hold mismatches between Wikidata's data and other databases/websites/catalogs/... These mismatches will then be used in the Mismatch Finder website and other tools to easily review them. ** Improved the namespace behavior of the CommonsLink constraint so that it now produces less false positives ([[phab:T237920]]) ** Working on adding a magic word to allow pages to be excluded from Special:UnconnectedPages on Wikipedias and co ([[phab:T97577]]) ** Language names in [[d:Q14549|Scots (sco)]] were updated ([[phab:T285076]]) ** A task to complete language names in [[d:Q7411|Dutch (nl)]] is being filled ([[phab:T231748]]) ** A language code for an undetermined Mixtec language is being ''determined'' ([[phab:T155419]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2021 07 05|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 15:09, 5 ga Yuli, 2021 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=21694624 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #476 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''Discussions''' ** Open request for adminship: *** [[Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Administrator/Emu|Emu]] (RfP scheduled to end after 13 July 2021 11:49 UTC) *** [[Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Administrator/-akko|-akko]] (RfP scheduled to end after 16 July 2021 06:31 UTC) ** Closed request for adminship: *** [[Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Administrator/Allenwang6212a|Allenwang6212a]] (unsuccessful) * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' ** Past: *** LIBER 2021 - Panel Discussion: Why use Wikidata or not - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h4UCFJyGzfo YouTube] *** SPARQL Wikidata divers. Session of Tuesday, June 29 (in French) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SUkCaMucdYQ YouTube] *** SPARQL Wikidata Wikisource. Tuesday, July 6 session (in French) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=36cyIt9WPgc YouTube] ** Upcoming: *** The next Wikidata+Wikibase office hours will take place on Wednesday 28th July 2021 at 16:00 UTC (18:00 Berlin time) in the [https://t.me/joinchat/IeCRo0j5Uag1qR4Tk8Ftsg Wikidata Telegram group]. This month we will also be having a guest presentation about [[m:Toolhub|Toolhub]] by Srishti Sethi from the Wikimedia Foundation. *** Next Linked Data for Libraries LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group call: Carlo Bianchini (University of Pavia), Stefano Bargioni (Pontifical University Santa Croce (Rome)), and Camillo Carlo Pellizzari di San Girolamo (University of Pisa, Scuola Normale Superiore) will discuss their recent project and article “Beyond VIAF: Wikidata as a Complementary Tool for Authority Control in Libraries”.; [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1UXzBo0UH4i8qs4RNG02b4uoE4fG09BlY5OJi7UD-BVU/edit], July 13th. *** [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikidata@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/XJ3TLDYCJYZ7HL436I2LQBVWUOI52AGI/ Upcoming Search Platform Office Hours—July 14th, 2021]. Come and ask anything related to Wikimedia search, Wikidata Query Service, Wikimedia Commons Query Service, etc.! *** [[d:Wikidata:Events/Swedish_online_editathon#Träff_#71|Online Wikidata meetup in Swedish #71]], July 18 * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** Blogs ***[https://diff.wikimedia.org/2021/07/07/improving-wikidata-wikisource-integration/?utm_source=dlvr.it&utm_medium=twitter Improving Wikidata-Wikisource Integration], July 7, 2021 by Krishna Chaitanya Velaga *** [https://addshore.com/2021/07/a-first-look-at-wikidata-through-github-copilot/ A first look at Wikidata through Github Copilot] by [[User:Addshore|Addshore]] ** Papers ***{{Q|107425133}}, by Kartik Shenoy et al, published 1 July 2021, explores the use of three indicators - deleted statements that are not replaced; deprecated statements; and constraint violations - as a framework for evaluating data quality. ** Videos *** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gmEBQ6G_Huw Introduction to OpenRefine for batch Wikidata editing] (YouTube, ca. 1 hr 40 min) by [[d:User:Spinster|Spinster]]. Recording of a training for the [[m:Wiki World Heritage User Group|Wiki World Heritage User Group]]. *** Editing Wikidata items about Ghanaian parliamentarians ([[m:Global Open Initiative|Global Open Initiative Foundation]] workshop) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o3KOEMLgz2s YouTube] *** Editing Lexicographical data in Dagbani ([[d:Lexeme:L578335|ʒiɛɣu]]) ([[m:Dagbani Wikimedians User Group|Dagbani Wikimedians User Group]] workshop) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tATyBFvR6c0 YouTube] *** Wikidata Workshop by Juan Antonio Pastor at the University of Murcia (in Spanish) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3fwXqYlyjPc YouTube] *** * '''Tool of the week''' ** [https://schafe-vorm-fenster.de/ Schafe vorm Fenster] is a project to build up a calendar for rural villages in Vorpommern-Greifswald using Wikidata to get images and short descriptions for the villages. ([https://twitter.com/schafeamfenster/status/1412655207432048641 See example]) * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** [https://twitter.com/WikidataMeter/status/1412980136429903875 Wikidata now has over 9,000 Properties!] You can see the development over the past 5 years and which datatype is represented the most [https://grafana.wikimedia.org/d/000000167/wikidata-datamodel?viewPanel=6&orgId=1&refresh=30m&from=now-5y&to=now here]. ** [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikidata@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/XTH4TUR34NQ57DC73HP6XB3NU6FO6CH7/ Wikimedia Deutschland to receive a grant from Arcadia to work on minority languages] ** The Wikidata development has a new space to receive bug reports and feature requests: [[Wikidata:Report a technical problem]]. You may also continue to report issues to [[Wikidata:Contact the development team]] but until the end of July when the page will be permanently protected and archived. ** OpenRefine has two Junior Developer job openings (paid contractor positions; part-time, fully remote) for building Structured Data on Wikimedia Commons functionality **# [https://openrefine.org/blog/2021/07/07/Wikimedia-Commons-reconciliation-batch-developer.html Junior Developer - Wikimedia Development] (6 months, from September 2021 till February 2022) **# [https://openrefine.org/blog/2021/07/07/OpenRefine-SDC-developer.html Junior Developer - OpenRefine Development] (8 months, from November 2021 till June 2022) ** For [[:m:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2021|2021 WMF Board of Trustees election]], there are [[:m:Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2021/Candidates#Candidate_Table|20 candidates]]. Community members can know and participate in the [[:m:Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2021#Campaign_Activities|campaign activities]] here. * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P9714|taxon range]], [[:d:Property:P9721|image of entrance]], [[:d:Property:P9729|replacement value]], [[:d:Property:P9731|announced at]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P9704|Monumental Trees ID]], [[:d:Property:P9705|Bauforschung Baden-Württemberg Objekt-ID]], [[:d:Property:P9706|Director Identification Number]], [[:d:Property:P9707|GCD creator ID]], [[:d:Property:P9708|Handzone player ID]], [[:d:Property:P9709|Games und Erinnerungskultur Datenbank ID]], [[:d:Property:P9710|Lexikon Westfälischer Autorinnen und Autoren person ID]], [[:d:Property:P9711|cIMeC.Ro museum ID]], [[:d:Property:P9712|Research Resource Identifier]], [[:d:Property:P9713|Swedish National Archive agent ID]], [[:d:Property:P9715|Room of Names ID]], [[:d:Property:P9716|Native Land territory ID]], [[:d:Property:P9717|Native Land language ID]], [[:d:Property:P9718|eishockey.info player ID]], [[:d:Property:P9719|HockeyLive player ID]], [[:d:Property:P9720|fotoCH photographer ID]], [[:d:Property:P9722|UFC ID]], [[:d:Property:P9723|20th Century Chinese Biographical Database ID]], [[:d:Property:P9724|FightMatrix ID]], [[:d:Property:P9725|EBIDAT ID]], [[:d:Property:P9726|Bellator ID]], [[:d:Property:P9727|WTA-Trainer-ID]], [[:d:Property:P9728|Tapology ID]], [[:d:Property:P9730|Chidlovski.Com USSR national ice hockey team player ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/URL for citizen's initiatives|URL for citizen's initiatives]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/incubator|incubator]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/project state|project state]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/edition-version|edition-version]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Città e Cattedrali ID|Città e Cattedrali ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/release of|release of]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/translation of|translation of]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/match event|match event]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Igromania series ID|Igromania series ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/alternative title|alternative title]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Classification of the Functions of Government|Classification of the Functions of Government]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/WMO code|WMO code]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Enciclopedia Dantesca ID|Enciclopedia Dantesca ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/FINA Athlete ID 2021|FINA Athlete ID 2021]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/IFPNI author ID|IFPNI author ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Steam Greenlight ID|Steam Greenlight ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Adventure Corner ID|Adventure Corner ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Pladias ID|Pladias ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ código centro docente CEICE| código centro docente CEICE]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Media Bias/Fact Check ID|Media Bias/Fact Check ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/abART term ID|abART term ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/US-Ski-&-Snowboard-Athleten-ID|US-Ski-&-Snowboard-Athleten-ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Freeview Australia show ID|Freeview Australia show ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Kartridge game ID|Kartridge game ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** [https://w.wiki/3bti Subclasses of Q732577 'publication' found by the Gather, Apply & Scatter service] ([https://twitter.com/Tagishsimon/status/1412705102004162560 source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3cJe Places more or less on Papa Stour] (using P1332-P1335 to constrain a wikibase:around search) *** [https://w.wiki/3ZYM Map of Sweden's outdoor gyms] ([https://twitter.com/salgo60/status/1413789042857193472 Source]) ** Newest database reports: [[d:Help:Wikimedia_language_codes/lists/all/in_nl|language names in Dutch (Wikidata, Wikipedia and MediaWiki)]] * '''Development''' ** Mismatch Finder (a tool to review mismatches between Wikidata and other databases): We continued initial development of the store part of the tool. We focused on the upload of new mismatches. ([[phab:project/view/5422]]) ** Discussion on how do describe the types of mismatches reviewed in Mismatch Finder ([[phab:T285849]]) ** We introduced a magic word that can be used to exclude a page from Special:UnconnectedPages on Wikipedia and co. This will make the special page more useful to find pages on Wikipedia and co that should be added to an Item on Wikidata as sitelinks. ([[phab:T97577]]). ** We reduced the number of Wikidata edits that show up in the watchlist and recent changes of Wikipedia and co by not triggering entries for a number of Wikidata edits that do not influence the article ([[phab:T286193]]) ** Property Suggester: We are reviewing patches by a student working on an improved Property Suggester. ** Working on improving how deprecated statements are handled when checking “type” and “value type” constraints" ([[phab:T170401]]) ** Working on fixing a bug where the entity suggestions are opened when a valid value is already selected ([[phab:T285102]]) ** Wikidata-Wikibase federation (Federation v2): We investigated [[phab:T284913|How to refer to entities that have the same IDs as the source wikibase entities]]. You can read the [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/plugins/gitiles/mediawiki/extensions/Wikibase/+/refs/heads/master/docs/adr/0019-federated-properties-prefix-ids-via-uris.md ADR] here [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2021 07 12|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 16:14, 12 ga Yuli, 2021 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=21715493 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #478 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' ** Past: *** Next Linked Data for Libraries LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group call: Carlo Bianchini (University of Pavia), Stefano Bargioni (Pontifical University Santa Croce (Rome)), and Camillo Carlo Pellizzari di San Girolamo (University of Pisa, Scuola Normale Superiore) will discuss their recent project and article “Beyond VIAF: Wikidata as a Complementary Tool for Authority Control in Libraries”.; July 13th. ** Upcoming: *** [[d:Wikidata:Events/Swedish_online_editathon#Träff_#72|Online Wikidata meetup in Swedish #72]], July 25 *** The next Wikidata+Wikibase office hours will take place on Wednesday 28th July 2021 at 16:00 UTC (18:00 Berlin time) in the [https://t.me/joinchat/IeCRo0j5Uag1qR4Tk8Ftsg Wikidata Telegram group]. This month we will also be having a guest presentation about [[m:Toolhub|Toolhub]] by Srishti Sethi from the Wikimedia Foundation. *** The [https://etherpad.wikimedia.org/p/WBUG_2021.07.29 next Wikibase live session] is at 16:00 UTC on Thursday 29th July 2021 (18:00 Berlin time). This month, we welcome [[d:User:Lucamauri|Luca Mauri]] to give a presentation about installing Wikibase from scratch. * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** Blogs ***''Wikipedia Citations in Wikidata'' [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2021/07/15/wikipedia-citations-in-wikidata/ English] & [https://diff.wikimedia.org/it/2021/07/15/wikipedia-citations-in-wikidata-2/ Italian] by OpenCitations, report on a WikiCite grant project. ***''[https://diff.wikimedia.org/2021/07/15/opportunities-to-improve-integration-between-wikisource-and-wikidata/ Opportunities to improve integration between Wikisource and Wikidata]'' (part 2 of a WikiCite blogpost series) by [[User:KCVelaga|KCVelaga]] & [[User:Satdeep Gill|Satdeep Gill]] *** [https://medium.com/european-data-journalism-network/finding-gendered-street-names-a-step-by-step-walkthrough-with-r-7608c2d36a77 Finding gendered street names. A step-by-step walkthrough with R] *** [https://topos.site/blog/2021/07/introducing-the-mathfoldr-project/ Introducing the MathFoldr Project] ** Videos *** Tutorial: Introduction to the Wikidata lexicographical data project (by [[d:User:Mahir256|Mahir256]]) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hmoSdoUcslY YouTube] *** Bringing IIIF Manifests to Life in Wikidata with Mirador 3 (2021 IIIF Annual Conference) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K9Ka_RtJGBc YouTube] *** Moving Wikipedia's InfoBox to Wikidata (in Taiwanese) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LH1mpw_DRMM YouTube] ** Notebooks *** [https://public.paws.wmcloud.org/User:PAC2/Articles%20created%20by%20gender.ipynb Using xtools created pages and wikidata API to measure gender statistics about articles created by a user] (Jupyter notebook using R kernel in the [[:d:Wikidata:PAWS|PAWS]] webservice) *** [https://public.paws.wmcloud.org/User:PAC2/Gender%20diversity%20in%20academic%20disciplines%20in%20the%20French%20wikipedia.ipynb Gender diversity in articles about academic disciplines in the French wikipedia] (Jupyter notebook using R kernel in the [[:d:Wikidata:PAWS|PAWS]] webservice). *** [https://public.paws.wmcloud.org/User:PAC2/Articles%20de%20qualit%C3%A9.ipynb A first look at featured articles in Wikipedia in French using Wikidata] (SPARQL Jupyter notebook using [[:d:Wikidata:PAWS|PAWS]]) * '''Tool of the week''' ** [https://searchy.toolforge.org/ searchy.toolforge.org] is a semantic search engine to find articles on a topic and filter results by metascientific info (gender and region). * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** [https://finnaarupnielsen.wordpress.com/2021/07/17/intelligent-search-in-scholia/ Scholia gets an upgrade and 1 click import of new scientific paper via citation-js and QS] ** For [[:m:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2021|2021 WMF Board of Trustees election]], there are [[:m:Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2021/Candidates#Candidate_Table|20 candidates]]. Among them, active Wikidata contributors [[d:User:Mike_Peel|Mike Peel]], [[d:User:Laurentius|Laurentius]] and [[d:User:Rosiestep|Rosiestep]]. Community members can know and participate in the [[:m:Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2021#Campaign_Activities|campaign activities]] here. ** Sitelinks to the [[d:Wikidata:Database reports/WMF projects/new|recently created]] [[d:Q107228569|Tachelhit Wikipedia]] and [[d:Q107379932|Dagbani Wikipedia]] are being added. * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P9732|URL for citizen's initiatives]], [[:d:Property:P9733|International Tables for Crystallography space group number]], [[:d:Property:P9740|number of request signatories]], [[:d:Property:P9745|translation of]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P9734|Enciclopedia Dantesca ID]], [[:d:Property:P9735|Città e Cattedrali ID]], [[:d:Property:P9736|MANTO ID]], [[:d:Property:P9737|WMO code]], [[:d:Property:P9738|IFPNI author ID]], [[:d:Property:P9739|Landshuth ID]], [[:d:Property:P9741|Pladias ID]], [[:d:Property:P9742|Central records of collections ID]], [[:d:Property:P9743|Podchaser creator ID]], [[:d:Property:P9744|Steam Greenlight game ID]], [[:d:Property:P9746|CEICE school code]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/UEFA stadium category|UEFA stadium category]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/URL for freedom of information requests|URL for freedom of information requests]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Legal History|Legal History]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/bridge number|bridge number]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Notable role|Notable role]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/inventory number|inventory number]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Weverse user ID|Weverse user ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ITU radio emission designation|ITU radio emission designation]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/IRIS SNS author ID|IRIS SNS author ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/eBru ID|eBru ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Daum Cafe ID|Daum Cafe ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Douyin Video ID|Douyin Video ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Royal Ontario Museum ID|Royal Ontario Museum ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/maPZS trails/locations ID|maPZS trails/locations ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SDBM IDs|SDBM IDs]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Schoenberg Database of Manuscripts ID|Schoenberg Database of Manuscripts ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/The New Yorker ID|The New Yorker ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Looted Cultural Assets Database ID|Looted Cultural Assets Database ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Marmiton ID|Marmiton ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Enciclopedia del Cinema ID|Enciclopedia del Cinema ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/PubFacts author ID|PubFacts author ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** [https://query.wikidata.org/#%23title%3A%20List%20of%20all%20stages%0ASELECT%20%2a%20WHERE%20%7B%0A%20%20%3Ftour%20wdt%3AP31%20wd%3AQ33881%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20rdfs%3Alabel%20%3FtourLabel.%0A%20%20FILTER%28LANG%28%3FtourLabel%29%20%3D%20%22%5BAUTO_LANGUAGE%5D%22%20%29%0A%20%3Fitem%20wdt%3AP361%20%3Ftour%3B%0A%20%20%20%20rdfs%3Alabel%20%3FitemLabel.%0A%20%20FILTER%28%28LANG%28%3FitemLabel%29%29%20%3D%20%22%5BAUTO_LANGUAGE%5D%22%29%0A%20%20%3Fitem%20wdt%3AP1427%20%3Fdepart.%0A%20%20%3Fdepart%20rdfs%3Alabel%20%3FdepartLabel.%0A%20%20FILTER%28%28LANG%28%3FdepartLabel%29%29%20%3D%20%22%5BAUTO_LANGUAGE%5D%22%29%0A%20%20%3Fitem%20wdt%3AP1444%20%3Farrivee.%20%0A%20%20%3Farrivee%20rdfs%3Alabel%20%3FarriveeLabel.%20%0A%20%20FILTER%28%28LANG%28%3FarriveeLabel%29%29%20%3D%20%22%5BAUTO_LANGUAGE%5D%22%20%29%0A%20%20%3Fitem%20wdt%3AP585%20%3Fdate.%20%0A%7D%0AORDER%20BY%20%3Fdate List of all stages of all tour de France] ([[:d:User:PAC2/Tour_de_France|source]]) *** [https://query.wikidata.org/#%23%20This%20query%20takes%20a%20list%20of%20article%20in%20Wikipedia%2C%20analyse%20the%20gender%20of%20all%20entities%20cited%20in%20the%20article%20and%20count%20the%20share%20of%20males%2C%20females%20and%20non%20binary.%0A%23%20The%20goal%20is%20to%20measure%20gender%20diversity%20inside%20wikipedia%20articles%0A%23%20Feedback%20and%20comments%20are%20welcome%20on%20my%20talk%20page%20User%3APAC2%0ASELECT%20%0A%3Farticle%0A%28SUM%28%3Fmale%29%20AS%20%3Fcount_males%29%0A%28SUM%28%3Ffemale%29%20AS%20%3Fcount_females%29%20%0A%28SUM%28%3Fnonbinary%29%20AS%20%3Fcount_nonbinary%29%20%0A%28COUNT%28%2A%29%20AS%20%3Fcount%29%20%0A%28ROUND%28100%20%2A%20%3Fcount_females%20%2F%20%28%3Fcount_females%20%2B%20%3Fcount_males%20%2B%20%3Fcount_nonbinary%29%29%20AS%20%20%3Fshare_females%29%20%0A%28ROUND%28100%20%2A%20%3Fcount_nonbinary%20%2F%20%28%3Fcount_females%20%2B%20%3Fcount_males%20%2B%20%3Fcount_nonbinary%29%29%20AS%20%20%3Fshare_nonbinary%29%20%0A%28ROUND%28100%20%2A%20%3Fcount_males%20%2F%20%28%3Fcount_females%20%2B%20%3Fcount_males%20%2B%20%3Fcount_nonbinary%29%29%20AS%20%20%3Fshare_males%29%20%0A%7B%0A%20%20VALUES%20%3Farticle%20%7B%0A%20%20%22Anthropology%22%0A%20%20%22Philosophy%22%0A%20%20%22Economics%22%0A%20%20%22Sociology%22%0A%20%20%22Demography%22%0A%20%20%7D%0A%20%20SERVICE%20wikibase%3Amwapi%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20bd%3AserviceParam%20wikibase%3Aendpoint%20%22en.wikipedia.org%22%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20wikibase%3Aapi%20%22Generator%22%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20mwapi%3Agenerator%20%22links%22%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20mwapi%3Atitles%20%3Farticle%3B.%0A%20%20%20%20%20%3Fitem%20wikibase%3AapiOutputItem%20mwapi%3Aitem.%0A%20%20%7D%20%0A%20%20FILTER%20BOUND%20%28%3Fitem%29%0A%20%20%3Fitem%20wdt%3AP31%20wd%3AQ5%20.%20%0A%20%20%3Fitem%20wdt%3AP21%20%3Fgender%20.%20%0A%20%20BIND%28IF%28%3Fgender%20IN%28wd%3AQ6581097%2C%20wd%3AQ2449503%29%2C%201%2C%200%29%20AS%20%3Fmale%20%29%20%0A%20%20BIND%28IF%28%3Fgender%20IN%28wd%3AQ6581072%2C%20wd%3AQ1052281%29%2C%201%2C%200%20%29%20AS%20%3Ffemale%29%0A%20%20BIND%28IF%28%3Fgender%20%3D%20wd%3AQ48270%2C%201%2C%200%29%20AS%20%3Fnonbinary%29%20%0A%7D%0AGROUP%20BY%20%3Farticle Comparing gender statistics about people cited in an article across several articles] ([[:d:User:PAC2/Measuring gender diversity|source]]) *** [https://w.wiki/3eFe Swedish Supreme Court judges who citing reports by commissions they themselves took part in] ([https://twitter.com/Jan_Ainali/status/1416082427433390088 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3dvP Map public organizations that allow one to fill citizen's initiatives online] ([https://twitter.com/govdirectory/status/1415631226719903747 Source)] *** [https://w.wiki/3eoR Unemployment rate in Sweden by year] (1970-2020) ([https://twitter.com/fagerving/status/1417058590960013317 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3d5F Serious plane crashes with only one survivor] ([https://twitter.com/grafst/status/1416336963985154050 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3eqj Mayors' genders of U.S. cities above 100k population] ([https://twitter.com/HaydenSchiff/status/1415859831752232963 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/HuG Global usage of pronouns] ([https://w.wiki/HuH in English Language]) ([https://twitter.com/jsamwrites/status/1415284520950157315 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3dT6 Number of causes of death (P509) 2019-2021 separated by year so that a comparison of the causes of death before and during the pandemic can also be seen] ([https://twitter.com/wikidataid/status/1415144165231394817 Source]) ** Newest [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProjects]]: [[Wikidata:WikiProject_Medieval_Nobility]] ** Newest database reports: [[d:Help:Wikimedia language codes/lists/all/in it|language names in Italian (Wikidata, Wikipedia and MediaWiki)]] * '''Development''' ** [[d:Wikidata:Mismatch Finder|Mismatch Finder]]: Continued working on the store part. It can import first mismatches now. ** Fixing an issue where month and year are sometimes parsed as the first day of the month ([[phab:T233105]]) ** Fixing an issue with adding sitelinks for some of the newer Wikipedias ([[phab:T285919]]) ** Working on improving the Lua usage tracking for redirected Items ([[phab:T280910]]) **[[d:Template:SPARQL|SPARQL]] was amended on the 4th July to use the report #title, if present, as the anchor for the 'Try it' link. ([https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:SPARQL_query_service/queries/examples#Horses_(showing_some_info_about_them) example]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2021 07 19|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 15:34, 19 ga Yuli, 2021 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=21740546 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #479 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' ** Next [[d:Wikidata:Events#Office_hours|Wikidata and Wikibase office hour]] on July 28th at 16:00 UTC (18:00 Berlin time) in the [https://t.me/joinchat/IeCRo0j5Uag1qR4Tk8Ftsg Wikidata Telegram group] ** The [https://etherpad.wikimedia.org/p/WBUG_2021.07.29 next Wikibase live session] is at 16:00 UTC on Thursday 29th July 2021 (18:00 Berlin time). This month, we welcome [[d:User:Lucamauri|Luca Mauri]] to give a presentation about installing Wikibase from scratch. ** 2021 LD4 Conference on Linked Data in Libraries *** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JJUszx6l_Po Issues and Challenges in optimum utilization of Linked Data in Indian libraries] *** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hmoSdoUcslY Tutorial: Introduction to the Wikidata lexicographical data project] *** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B59vEET-nEk Tutorial: Wikidata: Intro to the Basics] *** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZukSQB8fki8 Tutorial: Writing Data to Wikidata Using Spreadsheets] *** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eujbI5wQfBU Wikibase: Free, Flexible and Collaborative Linked Data] *** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GeDXzInR_mA Rune inscriptions in Wikidata / Wikibase; Sampo Model and Portal Series on the Semantic Web] *** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RjbR4ASe4lE Wikidata In Classroom • Creating Linked Data from Books and Magazines] *** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ludJFf06w94 LD4 meeting: Wikidata Affinity Group] ** Introduction to Wikidata (in Indonesian) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Z2OwpnsUMQ part 1], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sw-uuOvKYyU part 2], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HS3lYlaEOHE part 3] ** Upcoming: Next Linked Data for Libraries [[Wikidata:WikiProject LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group/Affinity Group Calls|LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group]] call: Andra Waagmeester on work with Shape Expressions in Wikidata to describe the genomics of the SARS-CoV-2 virus; [https://docs.google.com/document/d/14wazqg7XJM3Asqq4kFcNHCVgBOGODRp0U8yFc-22WM8/edit?usp=sharing], July 27th. ** COSCUP 2021 OpenStreetMap x Wikidata 2020.07.31-08.01 Online [https://coscup.org/2021/en/ website], [[m:Wikimedia_Taiwan/Wikidata_Taiwan/COSCUP_2021|Meta-wiki]] ** Openstreetmap x Wikidata meetup 2021.08.09 [[d:Q61752245|Mozilla Community Space Taipei (Q61752245)]] * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** Blogs *** [https://blogs.biomedcentral.com/on-physicalsciences/2021/07/20/typed-citations-journal-of-cheminformatics/ Typed Citations in the Journal of Cheminformatics] *** [https://addshore.com/2021/07/what-happens-in-wikibase-when-you-make-a-new-item/ What happens in Wikibase when you make a new Item?] *** [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2021/07/22/discovering-new-comics-with-wikidatas-powerful-tools/ Discovering new comics with Wikidata’s powerful tools] *** [https://www.lorcandempsey.net/metadata-directions/ Two metadata directions. Metadata practice is evolving. I discuss two important trends here: entification and pluralization] *** [https://mapio.cymru/en/2021/07/dal-i-fapio/ Still mapping!] ''"Our team has been working continuously on improving the number of Welsh place names that appear online since our inception in 2017 as partt of the Welsh Government’s Welsh Government #Cymraeg2050 project"..."we will also use Wikidata to store and share Welsh language information".'' *** [https://www.wikimedia.es/2021/07/22/camino-santiago-wikidata/ Making the Camino de Santiago visible on Wikidata] * '''Tool of the week''' ** [[d:User:Nikki/LexemeInterwikiLinks.js|User:Nikki/LexemeInterwikiLinks.js]] adds Wiktionary interwiki links in the sidebar on lexeme pages. * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** Job opening: [https://twitter.com/wikifunctions/status/1417536522752978946 Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions is hiring software engineers and an engineering manager]. ** Job opening: [https://jobs.tepapa.govt.nz/jobtools/jncustomsearch.viewFullSingle?in_organid=17768&in_jnCounter=224745389 Digital Channels Outreach Manager] ("mentions contributing to Wikidata and Wikimedia platforms") * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P9748|Wikimedia Incubator URL]], [[:d:Property:P9758|symbol represents]], [[:d:Property:P9759|bridge number]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P9747|Adventure Corner video game ID]], [[:d:Property:P9749|FRB person ID]], [[:d:Property:P9750|Apple TV episode ID]], [[:d:Property:P9751|Apple TV show ID]], [[:d:Property:P9752|FRB event ID]], [[:d:Property:P9753|Wikidata language code]], [[:d:Property:P9754|Raakvlak inventory number]], [[:d:Property:P9755|Scenic Washington scenic drives and road trips ID]], [[:d:Property:P9756|Schoenberg Database of Manuscripts name ID]], [[:d:Property:P9757|Schoenberg Database of Manuscripts place ID]], [[:d:Property:P9760|Enciclopedia del Cinema ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Plant life-form|Plant life-form]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/cabinet|cabinet]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/title of a church|title of a church]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/VI.BE Platform ID|VI.BE Platform ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Smartify artwork ID|Smartify artwork ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Women Also Know History ID|Women Also Know History ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/IrishTheatre.ie Company ID|IrishTheatre.ie Company ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/BMC Id|BMC Id]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Joods Biografisch Woordenboek ID|Joods Biografisch Woordenboek ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Online Begraafplaatsen cemetery ID|Online Begraafplaatsen cemetery ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Rock Paper Shotgun game ID|Rock Paper Shotgun game ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** [https://w.wiki/3gUY List of all stage winners in the Tour de France with links to the list of stages won] ([[:d:User:PAC2/Tour de France|source]]) *** [https://w.wiki/3feT Map of miniature parks] ([https://twitter.com/geospacedman/status/1418145496481337344 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/Wnw Map of open data portals ]([https://twitter.com/salgo60/status/1418120931692666882 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3fei Video games published before 1980, and their authors] ([https://twitter.com/KarlXOblique/status/1418115195998715905 Source]) *** [http://w.wiki/3fAn Protected bridges over the Zadorra river basin] ([https://twitter.com/theklaneh/status/1417510382005018636 Source]) ** Newest [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProjects]]: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Govdirectory|WikiProject Govdirectory]] * '''Development''' ** Added a <code>tags</code> parameter to the <code>wbmergeitems</code> API so Item merges can now also get an edit tag ([[phabricator:T286778|T286778]]) ** Mismatch Finder: Continued working on the store part. This week we focused on uploading a file with potential mismatches and the UI for getting a list of all uploaded mismatch files. ** Addressing comments from the security review of the Query Builder so we can hopefully soon move it from the test system to its proper place under query.wikidata.org [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2021 07 26|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat Abdulai (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat Abdulai (WMDE)]] 15:05, 26 ga Yuli, 2021 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=21792634 --> == (Alyaryasie) == Ta Wacce hanya zanyi translation a Wikipedia? {{Unsigned|Alyaryasie}} :Madalla, barka da ƙoƙari, ga link nan ka shiga, ta nan ne ake yin translation ɗin [https://ha.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&campaign=contributions-page#draft Yi Fassara] [[User:M-Mustapha|<span style="background-color: #804; color: #fa0;"><samp><b><u>''M-Mustapha''</u></b></samp></span>]] ^{<samp><u>[[User talk:M-Mustapha|'''talk''']]</u></samp>} 23:49, 30 ga Yuli, 2021 (UTC) == Wikidata weekly summary #480 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' ** July 2021 [[d:Wikidata:Events/IRC office hour 2021-07-28|Wikidata+Wikibase office hours]] logs ** July 2021 [[m:Wikibase Community User Group/Meetings/2021-07-29|Wikibase Live sessions]] logs * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** Videos *** What is Wikidata (in German) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6jF9sDZz4T8 YouTube] * '''Tool of the week''' ** [[d:User:Mahir256/syndepgraph.js|User:Mahir256/syndepgraph.js]] is used to make interesting SVG-based syntactic dependency graphs generated with [[d:Template:Syndepgraph|<nowiki>{{Syndepgraph}}</nowiki>]] to appear. * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** [https://wdqs-tutorial.toolforge.org/?lang=pt-br Portuguese version of the Wikidata Query Service tutorial tool is now available]. **'''Advisory board call for members for the Web2Cit project''': [[m:Grants:Project/Diegodlh/Web2Cit: Visual Editor for Citoid Web Translators| Web2Cit: Visual Editor for Citoid Web Translators]] project is moving! With [[d:User:Diegodlh|Diegodlh]] we are inviting people to apply to be an Advisory Board member. Is this you? Is this someone you know? Check the [[m:Web2Cit/Advisory_Board/Call_for_members| Call for members]] and apply to be an Advisory Board member '''before August 6th!'''. If you are too busy this time around to apply, don't worry: we get it. You can also help us by spreading the word! ** The [[d:User:Matěj Suchánek/moveClaim.js|moveClaim.js]] user script has been updated using code created by [[d:User:Melderick|Melderick]] to support changing a property of a claim within an entity. Please switch to the updated version if you used the other one, and report any bugs. ** New tool: [https://dicare.toolforge.org/lexemes/party.php Lexemes Party] displays lexemes linked to a list of Wikidata items, so you can improve related lexicographical data in the languages you know. You can build your own lists and several examples are available. A weekly challenge is also proposed, theme of the week: [https://dicare.toolforge.org/lexemes/challenge.php?id=1 Olympic Games]. * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P9758|symbol represents]], [[:d:Property:P9759|bridge number]], [[:d:Property:P9763|syntactic dependency head relationship]], [[:d:Property:P9764|syntactic dependency head position]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P9754|Raakvlak inventory number]], [[:d:Property:P9755|Scenic Washington scenic drives and road trips ID]], [[:d:Property:P9756|Schoenberg Database of Manuscripts name ID]], [[:d:Property:P9757|Schoenberg Database of Manuscripts place ID]], [[:d:Property:P9760|Treccani's Enciclopedia del Cinema ID]], [[:d:Property:P9761|IRIS SNS author ID]], [[:d:Property:P9762|U.S. Ski & Snowboard athlete ID]], [[:d:Property:P9765|Great Ukrainian Encyclopedia Online ID]], [[:d:Property:P9766|FIBA 3x3 player ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/cabinet|cabinet]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/title of a church|title of a church]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Apple App Store classification|Apple App Store classification]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/amount of medals|amount of medals]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/GRAC/GRB content descriptor|GRAC/GRB content descriptor]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/GRAC/GRB rating category|GRAC/GRB rating category]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Igromania developer/publisher ID|Igromania developer/publisher ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/commentator|commentator]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/FLOSS development policy URL|FLOSS development policy URL]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/BMC Id|BMC Id]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Joods Biografisch Woordenboek ID|Joods Biografisch Woordenboek ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Online Begraafplaatsen cemetery ID|Online Begraafplaatsen cemetery ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Rock Paper Shotgun game ID|Rock Paper Shotgun game ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/police zone ID|police zone ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Tax identification number|Tax identification number]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Lessico del XXI Secolo ID|Lessico del XXI Secolo ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/The Women’s Print History Project person ID|The Women’s Print History Project person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/USA Climbing member ID|USA Climbing member ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Online Begraafplaatsen memorial ID|Online Begraafplaatsen memorial ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Yale Center for British Art artwork Lido ID|Yale Center for British Art artwork Lido ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Ordbog over det danske sprog ID|Ordbog over det danske sprog ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Vokrug sveta Encyclopedia ID|Vokrug sveta Encyclopedia ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Nationalencyklopedin ID|Nationalencyklopedin ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/MPAA certificate number|MPAA certificate number]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Magyar írók élete és munkái ID|Magyar írók élete és munkái ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** [https://query.wikidata.org/embed.html#SELECT%20DISTINCT%20%3Fdirector%20%3FdirectorLabel%20%28COUNT%28%2A%29%20AS%20%3Fcount%29%20WHERE%20%7B%0A%20%20%3Fitem%20wdt%3AP161%20wd%3AQ1684856%3B%0A%20%20%20%20wdt%3AP57%20%3Fdirector.%0A%20%20SERVICE%20wikibase%3Alabel%20%7B%20bd%3AserviceParam%20wikibase%3Alanguage%20%22%5BAUTO_LANGUAGE%5D%2Cen%22.%20%7D%0A%7D%0AGROUP%20BY%20%3Fdirector%20%3FdirectorLabel%0AORDER%20BY%20DESC%28%3Fcount%29 List of film directors who have worked with Jean-François Stevenin the most] ([[:d:Talk:Q1684856|source]]) Jean-François Stevenin is a French actor, dead the 27th of July *** [https://twitter.com/ash_crow/status/1421231692103233537 French municipalities containing the word "ville"] ([https://twitter.com/ash_crow/status/1421231692103233537 Source]) *** [https://twitter.com/exmusica/status/1421157733210935298 Most frequently occurring titles found on audio tracks] ([https://w.wiki/3jvn Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3h5R Museums within 70 km of Dresden] ([https://twitter.com/saxorum/status/1420727420399783949 Source]) * '''Development''' ** Continuing the work on the [[d:Wikidata:Mismatch Finder|Mismatch Finder]]. Focusing on wrapping up the store part of the tool and moving on to the UI for reviewing mismatches. ** Made it so that Special:EntityData doesn't throw an exception when called with an invalid flavor parameter ([[phabricator:T286275]]) ** [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikidata@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/BYLN3ZLOKOCNJ457KPBQ36OEJ7VLIXK2/ Limit languages of entity stubs in RDF output (Breaking change]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2021 08 02|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 17:53, 2 ga Augusta, 2021 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=21810732 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #477 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' ** Upcoming: *** Next Linked Data for Libraries [[Wikidata:WikiProject LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group/Affinity Group Calls|LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group]] call: Wikidata Edit-a-thons highlighting Boston Rock City Edit-a-thon, Wikidata Comics Edit-a-thon, and Wiki-Relays [https://docs.google.com/document/d/14wazqg7XJM3Asqq4kFcNHCVgBOGODRp0U8yFc-22WM8/edit?usp=sharing], Aug 10th. *** LD4 Wikibase Working Hour - Next steps after installing a Wikibase instance -- creating users, items, and properties. Friday, August 27th, 2021 / 1PM ([https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/converter.html?iso=20210827T170000&p1=1440&p2=tz_et&p3=tz_cest&p4=tz_pt time zone converter]). Registration: Please fill in [https://columbiauniversity.zoom.us/meeting/register/tJErc-ihqjstHNcQUUinbJh3uf8_Lq-8tcRn ZOOM Registration Link] to register *** [[:wmania:2021:Wikimania|Wikimania 2021]], August 13 to 17, online event. [[d:Wikidata:Wikimania 2021|On this page]] you can find a summary of sessions and community gatherings related to Wikidata and Wikibase. ** Past: *** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ei1fx2BT4JI JOSS2021 National Diet Library-sponsored session "Linked Data, Wikidata, GLAM"] (in Japanese) * '''Tool of the week''' ** [[d:Template:Generic queries for musicians|Template:Generic queries for musicians]] new wikidata template to explore the work of a musician. * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** [[d:User:So9q/duplicate item.js|User:So9q/duplicate item.js]] is a userscript that can duplicate the current item, minus sitelinks and descriptions (not allowed by Wikidata). ** Collection of [[d:Wikidata:Weekly query examples/2021|Wikidata:Weekly summary query examples]] (2015-2021) by [[d:User:MKar|MKar]] * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P9767|edition/version]], [[:d:Property:P9771|open source software policy URL]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P9765|Great Ukrainian Encyclopedia Online ID]], [[:d:Property:P9766|FIBA 3x3 player ID]], [[:d:Property:P9768|Women Also Know History ID]], [[:d:Property:P9769|Marmiton ID]], [[:d:Property:P9770|Knesset member ID]], [[:d:Property:P9772|The New Yorker contributor ID]], [[:d:Property:P9773|Kielitoimiston sanakirja ID]], [[:d:Property:P9774|BNM bibliographic record ID]], [[:d:Property:P9775|Treccani's Lessico del XXI Secolo ID]], [[:d:Property:P9776|e-Rad researcher number]], [[:d:Property:P9777|Rock Paper Shotgun game ID]], [[:d:Property:P9778|Looted Cultural Assets Database ID]], [[:d:Property:P9779|abART term ID]], [[:d:Property:P9780|The Women's Print History Project person ID]], [[:d:Property:P9781|FANZA AV actress ID]], [[:d:Property:P9782|Tax Identification Number (Belarus)]], [[:d:Property:P9783|IFFR filmmaker ID]], [[:d:Property:P9784|Index Theologicus ID]], [[:d:Property:P9785|IrishTheatre.ie company ID]], [[:d:Property:P9786|Joods Biografisch Woordenboek ID]], [[:d:Property:P9787|Smartify artwork ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/FLOSS development policy URL|FLOSS development policy URL]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Umění pro město ID|Umění pro město ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/broadcast of|broadcast of]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/dissertation program|dissertation program]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/DDB-Person-Nummer|DDB-Person-Nummer]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/GSSO ID|GSSO ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/COD ID|COD ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ARTEINFORMADO Person ID|ARTEINFORMADO Person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CDAEM Person ID|CDAEM Person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ASE person ID|ASE person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Kalliope-Verbund ID|Kalliope-Verbund ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/UCLA Space Inventory LocID|UCLA Space Inventory LocID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Enciclopedia dell'Arte Antica ID|Enciclopedia dell'Arte Antica ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SNK ID (2)|SNK ID (2)]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CREPČ IDs|CREPČ IDs]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/IRIS Pisa IDs|IRIS Pisa IDs]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Spotify podcast episode ID|Spotify podcast episode ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Fontaines de France ID|Fontaines de France ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Center for Turkish Cinema Studies film ID|Center for Turkish Cinema Studies film ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Center for Turkish Cinema Studies person ID|Center for Turkish Cinema Studies person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Shironet ID|Shironet ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Paleobotany ID|Paleobotany ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/arheologi.ro ID|arheologi.ro ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CDDA designationTypeCode|CDDA designationTypeCode]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/WiiG game ID|WiiG game ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** [https://w.wiki/3n5k Map of Welsh lakes and reservoirs] ([https://twitter.com/WICI_LLGC/status/1422569346900152325 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3pYE Gender statistics about featured articles in fr.wikipedia.org] *** [https://w.wiki/3pYM Statistics about featured articles in fr.wikipedia.org by their value of instance of property] *** [https://w.wiki/3ngq Place of birth of Swedish 1912 Summer Olympics participants] ([https://twitter.com/salgo60/status/1423610715240341508 Source]) *** [https://www.europeandatajournalism.eu/eng/News/Data-news/An-interactive-map-of-all-Tokyo-medalists-birth-places Interactive map with all Olympic Games medalists by place of birth] ([https://twitter.com/giocomai/status/1423238399629070338 Source]) * '''Development''' ** Mismatch Finder: Finishing work on importing mismatches and moved on to building the API for retrieving mismatches from the mismatch store. ** Added tags for all edits done through the UI to more easily distinguish them from edits made through tools and other means ([[phab:T236893]]) ** Moved regular expression checking for constraints from the SPARQL endpoint to a dedicated service to make it faster and put less stress on the SPARQL endpoint ([[phab:T176312]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help deploy [[d:Template:Item documentation|Template:Item documentation]] in the talk page of each item. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2021 08 09|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 14:58, 9 ga Augusta, 2021 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=21855051 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #481 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' ** Ongoing: *** Wikimania Wikidata related events ([[d:Wikidata:Wikimania 2021|On this page]] you can find a summary of sessions and community gatherings related to Wikidata and Wikibase.): **** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zmh2vDppNII Add a pinch of Wikidata to your web browser: Entity Explosion] **** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pQ4-lc2q8_E Documenting Women Artists in the University of Salford Art Collection Through Wikidata] **** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Psyyrmzkmnk Automatically maintained citations with Wikidata and Cite Q] **** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xq1ss6WFjeE Making feedback loops work for Wikidata] **** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ymMxPsNGI64 Wikidata: What happened? Where are we going?] ** Upcoming: *** A [https://github.com/pensoft/BiCIKL biodiversity-themed hackathon] is being organized at the [[d:Q3052500|National Botanic Garden of Belgium]] for September 20-24. Three of the ten proposed topics are Wikidata-related — [https://github.com/pensoft/BiCIKL/blob/main/Topic%205%20Registering%20biodiversity-related%20vocabulary%20as%20Wikidata%20lexemes%20and%20link%20their%20senses%20to%20Wikidata%20items/readme.md biodiversity-related Wikidata lexemes], [https://github.com/pensoft/BiCIKL/blob/main/Topic%207%20Enriching%20Wikidata%20with%20information%20from%20OpenBiodiv%20about%20taxonomic%20name%20usages%20in%20context%20from%20different%20literature%20sources/readme.md taxonomic names], and [https://github.com/pensoft/BiCIKL/blob/main/Topic%209%20Hidden%20women%20in%20science/readme.md women in biodiversity research]. Remote participation is possible. * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** Papers *** [[d:Wikidata:PAWS|Wikidata:PAWS]] describes how to use PAWS to write SPARQL notebooks. ** Videos *** Guide to fetch Wikipedia data from Wikidata using Wikibase-SDK and node.js (in Hindi) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hoVwprPqqpE YouTube] *** How to create an item on Wikidata (in Portuguese) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_WFQ_VC4CbM YouTube] ** Books *** [[wikibooks:SPARQL|SPARQL wikibook]] * '''Tool of the week''' ** [[d:Template:SPARQL Inline|Template:SPARQL Inline]] is a Wikidata template which allows to write SPARQL query in Wikidata with a label. It is an alternative to [[d:Template:SPARQL|Template:SPARQL]] and [[d:Template:Wdquery|Template:Wdquery]]. * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** [[d:User:So9q/KORP-link.js|User:So9q/KORP-link.js]] is a userscript to add a link to the Swedish corpus KORP in the Tools section on items. ** [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikidata@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/KIFPQPSTNEXVSZ5P7OOXTLELT2P22LCC/ WMF Search team is working on scaling up Wikidata Query Service (WDQS) to handle increasing graph size and queries]. Please provide feedback by filling out [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSe1H_OXQFDCiGlp0QRwP6-Z2CGCgm96MWBBmiqsMLu0a6bhLg/viewform?usp=sf_link this Google Forms survey]! * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P9788|performed at]], [[:d:Property:P9790|Smithsonian trinomial format regex]], [[:d:Property:P9793|setlist]], [[:d:Property:P9798|number of Classification of the Functions of Government]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P9777|Rock Paper Shotgun game ID]], [[:d:Property:P9778|Looted Cultural Assets Database ID]], [[:d:Property:P9779|abART term ID]], [[:d:Property:P9780|The Women's Print History Project person ID]], [[:d:Property:P9781|FANZA AV actress ID]], [[:d:Property:P9782|Tax Identification Number (Belarus)]], [[:d:Property:P9783|IFFR filmmaker ID]], [[:d:Property:P9784|Index Theologicus ID]], [[:d:Property:P9785|IrishTheatre.ie company ID]], [[:d:Property:P9786|Joods Biografisch Woordenboek ID]], [[:d:Property:P9787|Smartify artwork ID]], [[:d:Property:P9789|Yale Center for British Art artwork Lido ID]], [[:d:Property:P9791|ASE person ID]], [[:d:Property:P9792|Alsharek Archive author ID]], [[:d:Property:P9794|UCLA Space Inventory LocID]], [[:d:Property:P9795|ARPI author ID]], [[:d:Property:P9796|IRIS SSSUP author ID]], [[:d:Property:P9797|Royal Ontario Museum ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/dissertation program|dissertation program]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CDDA designationType|CDDA designationType]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/container|container]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/remix of|remix of]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/insurance number (building)|insurance number (building)]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/numéro de parcelle|numéro de parcelle]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SNK ID (2)|SNK ID (2)]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CREPČ IDs|CREPČ IDs]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Spotify podcast episode ID|Spotify podcast episode ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Fontaines de France ID|Fontaines de France ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Center for Turkish Cinema Studies film ID|Center for Turkish Cinema Studies film ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Center for Turkish Cinema Studies person ID|Center for Turkish Cinema Studies person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Palynodata taxa ID|Palynodata taxa ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/arheologi.ro ID|arheologi.ro ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/DDB-Person-Nummer|DDB-Person-Nummer]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CDDA designationTypeCode|CDDA designationTypeCode]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/WiiG game ID|WiiG game ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Svenska Ord ID|Svenska Ord ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Penguin Random House book ID|Penguin Random House book ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Penguin Random House author ID|Penguin Random House author ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Brussels Inventory of movable heritage object ID|Brussels Inventory of movable heritage object ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Brussels Inventory of movable heritage institutions ID|Brussels Inventory of movable heritage institutions ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/izeltlabuak.hu ID|izeltlabuak.hu ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Mapping the Lives ID|Mapping the Lives ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/MART catalog person ID|MART catalog person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Asian Historical Architecture structure ID|Asian Historical Architecture structure ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Palynodata publications ID|Palynodata publications ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/opaquenamespace ID|opaquenamespace ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/HarperCollins product ID|HarperCollins product ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Derrieux Agency person ID|Derrieux Agency person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Lambic.Info ID|Lambic.Info ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Jornal do Vôlei ID|Jornal do Vôlei ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/GLN|GLN]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Unconsenting Media ID|Unconsenting Media ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Svenska Akademins Ordbok-section ID|Svenska Akademins Ordbok-section ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Civilisti Italiani member ID|Civilisti Italiani member ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ICCD ID - Santuari Cristiani|ICCD ID - Santuari Cristiani]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Iași Central University Library ID|Iași Central University Library ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Volleybox ID|Volleybox ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Team-Deutschland-Paralympics-ID|Team-Deutschland-Paralympics-ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ISL ID|ISL ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Anagrafe degli studiosi ID|Anagrafe degli studiosi ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ASJC|ASJC]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** [https://w.wiki/3smz List of properties which have instances or subclass of organisations as possible value] ([[d:User:PAC2/SPARQL queries|source]]) *** [https://w.wiki/3sn4 List of classes which are used as value constraints for the properties] ([[d:User:PAC2/SPARQL queries|source]]) *** [https://w.wiki/3tXA Concepts, processes, practices, etc. linked to the philosophical concept of power] ([https://twitter.com/kvistgaard/status/1426866855571075073 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3tm5 Twelve Times table using Wikidata items] ([https://twitter.com/piecesofuk/status/1426826825452462082 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3te5 Newly protected World Heritage sites in 2021] ([https://twitter.com/slaettaratindur/status/1426654183378276365 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/Zit Total number of wins for each world snooker champion] ([https://twitter.com/piecesofuk/status/1426503694909067267 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3tDa Who was the UK Prime Minister when each of the English Premier League/First Division title winners last won the title] ([https://twitter.com/piecesofuk/status/1426180453405450244 Source]) *** [https://query.wikidata.org/#%23title%3A%20Map%20of%20the%20birthplace%20of%20sports%20team%20players%20by%20decade%20%28lines%20link%20birthplace%20to%20home%20venue%20location%29%0A%23defaultView%3AMap%7B%22hide%22%3A%5B%22%3Floc%22%2C%20%22%3Fstart_year%22%2C%20%22%3Fend_year%22%2C%20%22%3Fline%22%20%5D%7D%0ASELECT%20%3Fx%20%3FxLabel%20%3Floc%20%3Flayer%20%3Fimg%20%3Fline%20%3Fbirthplace%20%3FbirthplaceLabel%20%3FteamLabel%20WITH%20%7B%0ASELECT%20%3Fteam%20%3Finception%20WHERE%20%7B%0A%20%20BIND%20%28%20wd%3AQ9617%20AS%20%3Fteam%20%29%20%0A%20%20%3Fteam%20wdt%3AP571%20%3Finception%20.%0A%7D%7D%20AS%20%25team%0AWITH%20%7B%20SELECT%20%3Fnum%20%3Fstart%20%3Fend%20%3Fgap%20%20WHERE%20%7B%0A%20%20INCLUDE%20%25team%0A%20%20BIND%20%2810%20%2a%20FLOOR%28YEAR%28%3Finception%29%20%2F%2010%29%20AS%20%3Fstart%29%20%0A%20%20BIND%20%2810%20AS%20%3Fgap%20%29%0A%20%20BIND%20%2810%20%2a%20FLOOR%28YEAR%28NOW%28%29%29%20%2F%2010%29%20AS%20%3Fend%20%29%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%0A%20%20BIND%20%28%20%28%3Fend%20-%20%3Fstart%20%29%20%2F%20%3Fgap%20%2B%201%20AS%20%3Fx%20%29%0A%20%20%5B%5D%20p%3AP31%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%20%20ps%3AP31%20wd%3AQ21199%20%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20pq%3AP155%20%3Fprev%5D.%0A%20%20%3Fprev%20wdt%3AP1181%20%3Fnum%20.%0A%20%20FILTER%20%28%3Fnum%20%3E%200%20%26%26%20%3Fnum%20%3C%3D%20%3Fx%20%29%0A%20%20%7D%20%7D%20AS%20%25range%0AWITH%20%7B%20SELECT%20%3Fdecade%20WHERE%20%7B%20%0A%20%20INCLUDE%20%25range%0A%20%20BIND%20%28%3Fstart%20%2B%20%28%3Fnum%20-%201%29%20%2a%20%3Fgap%20AS%20%3Fdecade%29%20%0A%7D%20ORDER%20BY%20%3Fdecade%20%7D%0A%20%20%20%20AS%20%25decades%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%0AWITH%20%7B%20SELECT%20%3Fx%20%3Fstart_year%20%3Fend_year%20%3Fteam%20WHERE%20%7B%0A%20%20INCLUDE%20%25team%0A%20%20BIND%20%28%20NOW%28%29%20AS%20%3Ftoday%20%29%0A%20%20%3Fx%20wdt%3AP31%20wd%3AQ5.%0A%20%20%3Fx%20p%3AP54%20%3Fstmt.%0A%20%20%3Fstmt%20ps%3AP54%20%3Fteam.%0A%20%20%3Fstmt%20pq%3AP580%20%3Fstart.%0A%20%20OPTIONAL%20%7B%20%3Fstmt%20pq%3AP582%20%3Fend%20%7D%20%0A%20%20BIND%20%28%20IF%20%28wikibase%3AisSomeValue%28%3Fend%29%2C%20%3Ftoday%2C%20%3Fend%20%29%20AS%20%3Fnew_end%29%20%0A%20%20BIND%28COALESCE%28%3Fnew_end%2C%20%3Ftoday%29%20as%20%3Fnew_end%29%0A%20%20BIND%20%28YEAR%28%3Fstart%29%20AS%20%3Fstart_year%29%20%0A%20%20BIND%20%28YEAR%28%3Fnew_end%29%20AS%20%3Fend_year%29%20%0A%7D%20%7D%20AS%20%25players%0AWHERE%20%7B%0A%20%20INCLUDE%20%25players%0A%20%20INCLUDE%20%25decades%0A%20%20%20%20%3Fx%20wdt%3AP19%20%3Fbirthplace.%0A%20%20%20%20%3Fbirthplace%20wdt%3AP625%20%3Floc.%0A%20%20%20%20OPTIONAL%20%7B%20%3Fx%20wdt%3AP18%20%3Fimg%20%7D%0A%20%20%20%20FILTER%20%28%20%28%3Fstart_year%20%3E%3D%20%3Fdecade%20%26%26%20%3Fstart_year%20%3C%20%3Fdecade%20%2B%2010%29%20%7C%7C%20%28%3Fend_year%20%3C%20%3Fdecade%20%2B%2010%20%26%26%20%3Fend_year%20%3E%3D%20%3Fdecade%20%29%20%7C%7C%20%28%3Fdecade%20%3E%20%3Fstart_year%20%26%26%20%3Fdecade%20%3C%20%3Fend_year%20%29%29%0A%20%20%20%20%3Fbirthplace%20p%3AP625%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20ps%3AP625%20%5B%5D%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20psv%3AP625%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20wikibase%3AgeoLongitude%20%3Fpoblon%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20wikibase%3AgeoLatitude%20%20%3Fpoblat%3B%20%0A%20%20%20%5D%5D%20.%0A%20%20%3Fteam%20wdt%3AP115%20%3Fhome%20.%0A%20%20%3Fhome%20p%3AP625%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%20ps%3AP625%20%5B%5D%3B%0A%20%20%20%20psv%3AP625%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20wikibase%3AgeoLongitude%20%3Fcentrelon%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20wikibase%3AgeoLatitude%20%20%3Fcentrelat%5D%5D%20.%0A%20%20BIND%28CONCAT%28%27LINESTRING%20%28%27%2C%20STR%28%3Fpoblon%29%2C%20%27%20%27%2C%20STR%28%3Fpoblat%29%2C%20%27%2C%27%2C%20STR%28%3Fcentrelon%29%2C%20%27%20%27%2C%20STR%28%3Fcentrelat%29%2C%20%27%29%27%29%20AS%20%3Fstr%29%20.%0A%20%20BIND%28STRDT%28%3Fstr%2C%20geo%3AwktLiteral%29%20AS%20%3Fline%29%20%0A%20%20BIND%28CONCAT%28STR%28%3Fdecade%29%2C%22s%22%29%20AS%20%3Flayer%29%20%0A%20%20SERVICE%20wikibase%3Alabel%20%7B%20bd%3AserviceParam%20wikibase%3Alanguage%20%22%5BAUTO_LANGUAGE%5D%2Cen%22.%20%7D%0A%7D%0AORDER%20BY%20ASC%28%3Flayer%29 Map of the birthplace of sports team players by decade (lines link birthplace to home venue location)] ([https://twitter.com/piecesofuk/status/1427203256313319424 Source]) ** Newest [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProjects]]: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Neighborhood Public Art in Boston|Neighborhood Public Art in Boston]] * '''Development''' ** Cut save-time for edits in half ([[phab:T288639]]) ** [[d:Wikidata:Mismatch Finder|Mismatch Finder]]: We are making good progress on the tool. We made it possible to retrieve mismatches that are in the store part of the tool via an API. ** Regular expressions in constraints are now no longer checked via the Query Service. The checks have been completely moved over to a dedicated service for regular expression checking. ([[phab:T204031]]) ** Edits made via the user interface (as opposed to with tools, bots, etc.) are now tagged as such to make them easier to filter ([https://www.wikidata.org/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&tagfilter=wikidata-ui example] - edits made to labels, descriptions and aliases on mobile are still missing but will follow soon) ** Working on allowing to restrict constraints to certain entity types ([[phab:T269724]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2021 08 16|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 13:32, 16 ga Augusta, 2021 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=21855051 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #482 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''Discussions''' ** Open request for adminship: [[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Administrator/MusikBot II|MusikBot II]] (RfP scheduled to end after 26 August 2021 03:07 UTC) * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' ** Upcoming: *** The [https://etherpad.wikimedia.org/p/WBUG_2021.08.26 next Wikibase live session] is at 16:00 UTC on Thursday 26th August 2021 (18:00 Berlin time). You're welcome to come and share your work around Wikibase. *** Next [[Wikidata:WikiProject_Linked_Data_for_Production#LD4-Wikidata_Affinity_Group|Linked Data for Libraries LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group]] call: [[:m:User:EricaAzzellini|Érica Azzellini]] and [[:m:User:Ederporto|Éder Porto]] on [[:w:Wikipedia:MBABEL|MBABEL]], a tool which creates seed Wikipedia articles based on Wikidata statements. [https://docs.google.com/document/d/140OzFz_v5Mff4WyLnPrUWdyrgbJoEDtfxg0CFdrfNzA/edit?usp=sharing Agenda with call link], August 24. *** [https://researchportal.be/nl/project/biodiversity-community-integrated-knowledge-library BiCIKL] Hackathon at the [[d:Q3052500|Meise Botanic Garden]], September 20 - 24. Theme: adding articles/items about “Hidden women in science” on Wikipedia/Wikidata. If you're interested to participate, please write to maarten.trekels{{@}}plantentuinmeise.be ** Past: *** Wikimania 2021 Wikidata related events ([[d:Wikidata:Wikimania 2021|summary of sessions and community gatherings]] related to Wikidata and Wikibase) **** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xS05wkMRhBE Neat and tidy: data quality on Wikidata] **** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AveonN5pHwY Integrating Wikidata into the Wikimedia projects] *** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I1amYq4Vm4U Preparing languages for natural language generation using Wikidata lexicographical (Arctic Knot 2021)] * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** Articles *** [https://kbnlwikimedia.github.io/KBCollectionHighlights/stories/Cool%20new%20things%20you%20can%20now%20do%20with%20the%20KB's%20collection%20highlights/ 50 cool new things you can now do with KB’s collection highlights] - [[File:KB collection highlights project meme English.jpg|thumb|right|400px]] ''In this series of 5 articles we show the added value of putting images and metadata of [https://www.kb.nl/galerij/digitale-topstukken digitised collection highlights] of the KB, national library of the Netherlands, into the Wikimedia infrastructure. By putting our collection highlights into Wikidata, Wikimedia Commons and Wikipedia, dozens of new functionalities have been added. As a result of Wikifying this collection in 2020, you can now do things with these highlights that were not possible before.'' Article by [[d:User:OlafJanssen|OlafJanssen]], [[c:User:DanielleJWiki|DanielleJWiki]] and [[c:User:1Veertje_(KB)|1Veertje_(KB)]] ** Blogs *** [https://cthoyt.com/2021/08/17/self-organization.html Organizing the Public Data about a Researcher] - Charles Tapley Hoyt *** [https://commonplace.knowledgefutures.org/pub/w88y7brs/release/2 The Invisible Citation Commons] - Phoebe Ayers and Samuel J. Klein *** [http://www.bobdc.com/blog/the-wikidata-data-model-and-yo/ The Wikidata data model and your SPARQL queries] - Bob DuCharme *** [http://simia.net/wiki/Wikidata_or_scraping_Wikipedia Wikidata or scraping Wikipedia] - Denny Vrandečić ** Videos *** Introduction to Wikidata SPARQL query service (in Arabic) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9nexDa3Sx_U YouTube] * '''Tools of the week''' ** Python script to [https://github.com/KBNLwikimedia/SDoC/tree/main/writeSDoCfromExcel Add structured data to files on Wikimedia Commons from an Excel sheet] (Github) - by [[d:User:OlafJanssen|OlafJanssen]] * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikidata@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/V3X4DZPD72DFVWGFPEG24BRFCO6CT7HE/ Wikidata:Query Builder has been deployed]: [https://query.wikidata.org/querybuilder/ Try it!] ** The [[d:Zotero|"Wikidata Quickstatements" translator]] which lets users transfer metadata about citation sources ''from'' [[d:Q226915|Zotero]] into Wikidata, no longer needs to be manually installed. Existing manually-installed versions should update automatically, like other translators. ** [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Query_Service_scaling_update_Aug_2021 Wikidata Query Service scaling updates for Aug 2021] * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P9803|UEFA stadium category]], [[:d:Property:P9810|mix or remix of]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P9799|Palynodata taxa ID]], [[:d:Property:P9800|CDDA designationTypeCode]], [[:d:Property:P9801|PsycNET ID]], [[:d:Property:P9802|Penguin Random House author ID]], [[:d:Property:P9804|Palynodata publications ID]], [[:d:Property:P9805|Mapping the Lives ID]], [[:d:Property:P9806|WiiG game ID]], [[:d:Property:P9807|SNK ID]], [[:d:Property:P9808|arheologi.ro ID]], [[:d:Property:P9809|Enciclopedia dell'Arte Antica ID]], [[:d:Property:P9811|Asian Historical Architecture structure ID]], [[:d:Property:P9812|Likee username]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/hunting areas|hunting areas]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/number of evacuated|number of evacuated]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/External wiki|External wiki]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Код Энциклопедия ислама (второе издание)|Код Энциклопедия ислама (второе издание)]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SCTA ID|SCTA ID]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/TeamNL player ID|TeamNL player ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Finnish National Gallery ID|Finnish National Gallery ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Online Begraafplaatsen memorial ID|Online Begraafplaatsen memorial ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/NDL earlier law ID|NDL earlier law ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Cinemaitaliano IDs|Cinemaitaliano IDs]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/KNHB ID|KNHB ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Deutsche-Sporthilfe-ID|Deutsche-Sporthilfe-ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Convict Records ID|Convict Records ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Australian Medical Pioneers Index|Australian Medical Pioneers Index]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/YouTube Music|YouTube Music]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Gujarati Vishwakosh entry|Gujarati Vishwakosh entry]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/WikiApiary farm|WikiApiary farm]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/copyright registration|copyright registration]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Mozilla extension ID|Mozilla extension ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/NRK TV-ID|NRK TV-ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Enciclopedia dell'Arte Medievale ID|Enciclopedia dell'Arte Medievale ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ECO code|ECO code]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** [https://w.wiki/3uee Predicates implicated in non-scholarly-article item bloat] ([https://www.wikidata.org/w/index.php?title=Wikidata:Request_a_query&oldid=1482702473#Because_I_suck_at_aggregation source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3vM6 Church of Scotland Synods as Geoshapes] ([https://twitter.com/MappingScotsRef/status/1428314437967024128 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/36sk Map of the origin of Balinese palm-leaf manuscripts], [https://w.wiki/36sj current location] ([https://twitter.com/joseagush/status/1428178906746560516 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3wfm Current principal local authorities in England] * '''Development''' ** Deployed the new shiny Query Builder to https://query.wikidata.org/querybuilder ** Edits to labels, descriptions and aliases on mobile are now also tagged as edits made via the user interface. All edits made via the user interface are now tagged as such. ([[phab:T286775]]) ** ArticlePlaceholder pages will now indicate that they are generated by the ArticlePlaceholder thanks to a patch by Luca ([[phab:T124191]]) ** Working on making it possible to restrict constraints to certain entity types ([[phab:T269724]]) ** Adding a new constraint type to ensure Items have a label in a certain language ([[phab:T195178]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2021 08 23|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 14:47, 23 ga Augusta, 2021 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=21924361 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #483 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata over the last week.''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Events]]''' ** Upcoming: *** [https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Edit-a-thon/Atividades_em_portugu%C3%AAs/Wikidata_Lab_XXXI Wikidata Labs XXXI] in English on the topic of [[d:Wikidata:Reimagining Wikidata from the margins|Reimagining Wikidata from the margins]], August 31 *** LIVE Wikidata editing #51 - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yJ6OfgE7UQc YouTube], [https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikidataCommunity/permalink/3039673576317799/ Facebook], September 4 at 18:00 UTC *** [[d:Wikidata:Events/Swedish_online_editathon#Träff_#77|Online Wikidata meetup in Swedish #77]], September 5 *** [[d:Wikidata:Events/Data Quality Days 2021|Data Quality Days]], September 8-15, a series of community-powered events on the topic of data quality. If you're interested in presenting a tool or a topic, feel free to add something to the schedule. *** [[d:Wikidata:Events#Wikidata_bug_triage_hour|Wikidata Bug Triage Hour]] about data quality, September 13 *** [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikidata@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/UGIU2MOIQOGUPFWFEUJAU57NUSSDIH6I/ Upcoming Search Platform Office Hours—September 1st, 2021] Come with anything related to Wikimedia search, Wikidata Query Service, Wikimedia Commons Query Service, etc.! ** Past *** Wikibase Live session (August 26th, 2021) [[m:Wikibase Community User Group/Meetings/2021-08-26|logs]] *** RubyConfTW 2021 **** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FoR4PcKKG6g Wikidata basics] (in Chinese) **** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mGKZI69ZK2E Wikidata and Open Streetmaps] (in Chinese) **** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LFhYVy_yUm4 Using the MediaWiki open data API to solve data description problems] (in Chinese) **** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8ywAIqOzCdQ Moving Wikipedia's Infobox to Wikidata's Property:Taiwanese place names] (in Chinese) * '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Press coverage|Press, articles, blog posts, videos]]''' ** Blogs *** [https://science.thewire.in/the-sciences/citations-open-knowledge-metadata-wiki-journals/ Why Are Citations Not Part of Discussions on Open Knowledge?] *** [https://www.elledecor.com/it/lifestyle/a37405516/toponomastica-mapping-diversity/ Mapping Diversity Puts The Gender Gap of Toponymy On Paper] (in Italian) ** Videos *** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nBzRW51BTVk Wikidata: Behind the Scenes of the Great Wikipedia Data Repository] (in Spanish) *** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SjGHqTQAhPE Bring data from Wikidata and any other LOD Knowledge Graph to your Roam graph] ** Notebooks *** [https://public.paws.wmcloud.org/User:PAC2/articles-created-P31.ipynb What are the Wikipedia articles you've created about?] a notebook which show how to compute statistics about the articles you've created in Wikipedia by "instance of" (P31) property [[File:Wikidata2Ical-cccamp2015.png|thumb|Wikidata2Ical]] * '''Tool of the week''' ** [[d:User:Shisma/wikidata2ical.js|Wikidata2ical]] provides an ical file for each wikidata entity that has [[:d:Property:P580|start time (P580)]] and [[:d:Property:P582|end time (P582)]]. * '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' ** [https://hay.toolforge.org/depictor/ Depictor] is a mobile-friendly tool to verify if people depicted on Wikimedia Commons are the same, and adds structured data statements (using Wikidata) ** [[m:Wikibase/Wikibase Installation & Updating survey/2021|Wikibase Installation & Updating survey]] has been published! ** The Board of Trustees election has started. Votes will be accepted until 23:59 31 August 2021 (UTC). [[:m:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2021/Candidates|View candidate statements]], [[:m:Special:SecurePoll/vote/381|verify your eligibility and '''vote now''']]. ** Nicolas Vigneron ([[d:User:VIGNERON|User:VIGNERON]], [[m:User:VIGNERON en résidence|User:VIGNERON en résidence]]) has started a one-year residence at the libraries of Clermont-Ferrand, more info and batch upload to come ** [[d:Wikidata_talk:WikidataCon_2021#WikidataCon_update_-_August_2021|WikidataCon update]]: news about the online conference, grants for affiliates in Latin America and Carribean, glimpse on the keynotes topics and next steps * '''Did you know?''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> ** Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P9803|UEFA stadium category]], [[:d:Property:P9810|remix of]], [[:d:Property:P9813|container]], [[:d:Property:P9831|release of]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P9804|Palynodata publications ID]], [[:d:Property:P9805|Mapping the Lives ID]], [[:d:Property:P9806|WiiG game ID]], [[:d:Property:P9807|SNK ID]], [[:d:Property:P9808|arheologi.ro ID]], [[:d:Property:P9809|Enciclopedia dell'Arte Antica ID]], [[:d:Property:P9811|Asian Historical Architecture structure ID]], [[:d:Property:P9812|Likee username]], [[:d:Property:P9814|Team Deutschland Paralympics ID]], [[:d:Property:P9815|BMC ID]], [[:d:Property:P9816|Kartridge game ID]], [[:d:Property:P9817|ISL ID]], [[:d:Property:P9818|Penguin Random House book ID]], [[:d:Property:P9819|Daum Cafe ID]], [[:d:Property:P9820|Freeview show ID]], [[:d:Property:P9821|Unconsenting Media ID]], [[:d:Property:P9822|TeamNL athlete ID]], [[:d:Property:P9823|Volleybox ID]], [[:d:Property:P9824|COD ID]], [[:d:Property:P9825|allabolag.se person ID]], [[:d:Property:P9826|Great Encyclopedia of Cyril and Methodius entry ID]], [[:d:Property:P9827|GSSO ID]], [[:d:Property:P9828|Fontaines de France ID]], [[:d:Property:P9829|KNHB ID]], [[:d:Property:P9830|DC Books book ID]], [[:d:Property:P9832|Igromania developer/publisher ID]], [[:d:Property:P9833|Deutsche Sporthilfe ID]], [[:d:Property:P9834|Finnish National Gallery artwork ID]], [[:d:Property:P9835|Igromania series ID]], [[:d:Property:P9836|National Diet Library Persistent ID]], [[:d:Property:P9837|Svenska ord ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> ** New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: *** General datatypes: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/number of evacuated|number of evacuated]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/External wiki|External wiki]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Код Энциклопедия ислама (второе издание)|Код Энциклопедия ислама (второе издание)]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SCTA ID|SCTA ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/uses natural resource|uses natural resource]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/created for|created for]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/number of triples|number of triples]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/reprinted in|reprinted in]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Eneström Number|Eneström Number]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/літературний редактор|літературний редактор]] *** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Convict Records ID|Convict Records ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Australian Medical Pioneers Index|Australian Medical Pioneers Index]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/YouTube Music|YouTube Music]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Gujarati Vishwakosh entry|Gujarati Vishwakosh entry]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/WikiApiary farm|WikiApiary farm]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/copyright registration|copyright registration]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Mozilla extension ID|Mozilla extension ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/NRK TV-ID|NRK TV-ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Enciclopedia dell'Arte Medievale ID|Enciclopedia dell'Arte Medievale ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ECO code|ECO code]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Government Publications Number|Government Publications Number]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Food.com ID|Food.com ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Dewan Negara ID|Dewan Negara ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Dewan Rakyat ID|Dewan Rakyat ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/BBC Food ID|BBC Food ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/IRIS UNIPV author ID|IRIS UNIPV author ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/IRIS Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II author ID|IRIS Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II author ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/IndieMag game ID|IndieMag game ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Bleus Handisport-ID|Bleus Handisport-ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overnia|Overnia]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Edizioni Ares author ID|Edizioni Ares author ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/hmmlid|hmmlid]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/e-Maapõu stratigraphy ID|e-Maapõu stratigraphy ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Al-Jazeera author ID|Al-Jazeera author ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Naver Post member ID|Naver Post member ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/eAmbrosia ID|eAmbrosia ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/DC Character ID|DC Character ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Postimees topic ID|Postimees topic ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> ** Query examples: *** [https://query.wikidata.org/embed.html#%23defaultView%3AMap%7B%22hide%22%3A%5B%22%3Fx_coords%22%2C%22%3Frgb%22%5D%7D%0ASELECT%20%3Fx%20%3FxLabel%20%3Fdescription%20%3Fx_coords%20%3Frgb%20%20WITH%20%7B%0A%0ASELECT%20%3Fdata%20%3Fx%20%3Fx_coords%20WHERE%20%7B%20%0A%20%20%3Fx%20p%3AP2044%2Fpsn%3AP2044%20%5B%20%0A%20%20%20%20%20wikibase%3AquantityAmount%20%3Fdata%20%0A%20%20%5D%20.%0A%20%20%3Fx%20wdt%3AP625%20%3Fx_coords%20.%0A%20%20%3Fx%20wdt%3AP17%20wd%3AQ34%20.%0A%23%20%20%3Fx%20wdt%3AP131%2B%20%5B%20wdt%3AP31%20wd%3AQ15979307%20%5D%20.%0A%20%20%7D%0A%7D%20AS%20%25data%0A%23%20determine%20the%20max%20and%20min%20values%20%28used%20to%20calculate%20the%20spread%29%0AWITH%20%7B%20%0A%20%20SELECT%20%28MAX%28%3Fdata%29%20AS%20%3Fmax_data%29%20%20%28MIN%28%3Fdata%29%20AS%20%3Fmin_data%29%20WHERE%20%7B%0A%20%20INCLUDE%20%25data%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%0A%20%7D%7D%20AS%20%25min_max%0AWHERE%20%7B%0A%20%20INCLUDE%20%25data%0A%20%20INCLUDE%20%25min_max%20%20%20%0A%20%20%20%3Fx%20rdfs%3Alabel%20%3FxLabel.%20FILTER%20%28LANG%28%3FxLabel%29%20%3D%20%22sv%22%29%20.%0A%20%20%20BIND%20%28CONCAT%28%22H%C3%B6jd%20%C3%B6ver%20havsniv%C3%A5n%20f%C3%B6r%20%22%2C%20%3FxLabel%2C%20%22%20%C3%A4r%20omkring%20%22%2C%20STR%28ROUND%28%3Fdata%29%29%2C%20%22%20meter%22%20%29%20AS%20%3Fdescription%29%20%0A%20%20BIND%20%28%20%3Fmax_data%20-%20%3Fmin_data%20AS%20%3Fspread%20%29%0A%20%20BIND%20%28255%20-%20xsd%3Ainteger%28%20255%20%2a%20%28%3Fdata%20-%20%3Fmin_data%29%20%2F%20%3Fspread%29%20AS%20%3Fgreen%20%29%20%23%20255%20-%3E%200%0A%20%20BIND%20%28%20FLOOR%20%28%3Fgreen%20%2F%2016%29%20AS%20%3Fgreen_1%20%29%0A%20%20BIND%20%28%20COALESCE%28%0A%20%20%20%20IF%28%3Fgreen_1%20%3C%2010%2C%20STR%28%3Fgreen_1%29%2C%201%2F0%29%2C%0A%20%20%20%20IF%28%3Fgreen_1%20%3D%2010%2C%20%22a%22%2C%201%2F0%29%2C%0A%20%20%20%20IF%28%3Fgreen_1%20%3D%2011%2C%20%22b%22%2C%201%2F0%29%2C%0A%20%20%20%20IF%28%3Fgreen_1%20%3D%2012%2C%20%22c%22%2C%201%2F0%29%2C%0A%20%20%20%20IF%28%3Fgreen_1%20%3D%2013%2C%20%22d%22%2C%201%2F0%29%2C%0A%20%20%20%20IF%28%3Fgreen_1%20%3D%2014%2C%20%22e%22%2C%201%2F0%29%2C%0A%20%20%20%20IF%28%3Fgreen_1%20%3D%2015%2C%20%22f%22%2C%201%2F0%29%2C%0A%20%20%20%20%22ERROR%22%0A%20%20%29%20AS%20%3Fgreen_hex1%20%29%0A%20%20BIND%20%28FLOOR%28%3Fgreen%20-%20%2816%20%2a%20xsd%3Ainteger%28%20%3Fgreen%20%2F%2016%20%29%29%29%20AS%20%3Fgreen_2%29%0A%20%20BIND%20%28%20COALESCE%28%0A%20%20%20%20IF%28%3Fgreen_2%20%3C%2010%2C%20STR%28%3Fgreen_2%29%2C%201%2F0%29%2C%0A%20%20%20%20IF%28%3Fgreen_2%20%3D%2010%2C%20%22a%22%2C%201%2F0%29%2C%0A%20%20%20%20IF%28%3Fgreen_2%20%3D%2011%2C%20%22b%22%2C%201%2F0%29%2C%0A%20%20%20%20IF%28%3Fgreen_2%20%3D%2012%2C%20%22c%22%2C%201%2F0%29%2C%0A%20%20%20%20IF%28%3Fgreen_2%20%3D%2013%2C%20%22d%22%2C%201%2F0%29%2C%0A%20%20%20%20IF%28%3Fgreen_2%20%3D%2014%2C%20%22e%22%2C%201%2F0%29%2C%0A%20%20%20%20IF%28%3Fgreen_2%20%3D%2015%2C%20%22f%22%2C%201%2F0%29%2C%0A%20%20%20%20%22ERROR%22%0A%20%20%29%20AS%20%3Fgreen_hex2%20%29%0A%20%20BIND%20%28CONCAT%28STR%28%3Fgreen_hex1%29%2C%20STR%28%3Fgreen_hex2%29%29%20AS%20%3Fgreen_hex%20%29%0A%0A%20%20BIND%20%28CONCAT%28%2200%22%2C%20STR%28%3Fgreen_hex%29%2C%20%2200%22%29%20AS%20%3Frgb%29%20%20%20%0A%7D Map of Items in Sweden with coordinate location and elevation above sea-level statements] ([https://twitter.com/salgo60/status/1431174259045453825 Source]) *** [https://query.wikidata.org/embed.html#%23defaultView%3AMap%7B%22hide%22%3A%5B%22%3Fcoords%22%20%5D%7D%0ASELECT%20%3Fitem%20%3FitemLabel%20%3Fdesc%20%3Fcoords%20WITH%20%7B%0A%20%20%0ASELECT%20%3Fitem%20%3Flon%20%3Flat%20%3Fcoords%20WHERE%20%7B%0A%20%20%3Fitem%20wdt%3AP31%20wd%3AQ515%20.%0A%20%20%3Fitem%20wdt%3AP17%20wd%3AQ145%20.%0A%20%20%3Fitem%20p%3AP625%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20ps%3AP625%20%3Fcoords%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20psv%3AP625%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20wikibase%3AgeoLongitude%20%3Flon%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20wikibase%3AgeoLatitude%20%20%3Flat%3B%20%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%5D%0A%20%20%20%20%5D%20.%0A%20%20FILTER%20%28%3Flat%20%3E%2040%29%20%23%20filtering%20out%20British%20Oversea%20Terrroties%0A%7D%20%7D%20AS%20%25cities%20%0AWITH%20%7B%20SELECT%20%3Fitem%20%3Fdesc%20%3Fcoords%20%7B%0A%20%20INCLUDE%20%25cities%20%0A%20%20BIND%20%28%22Most%20easterly%22%20AS%20%3Fdesc%29%20%0A%7D%20ORDER%20BY%20DESC%20%28%3Flon%29%20%0ALIMIT%201%20%7D%20AS%20%25easterly%20%0AWITH%20%7B%20SELECT%20%3Fitem%20%3Fdesc%20%3Fcoords%20%7B%0A%20%20INCLUDE%20%25cities%20%0A%20%20BIND%20%28%22Most%20westerly%22%20AS%20%3Fdesc%29%20%0A%7D%20ORDER%20BY%20ASC%20%28%3Flon%29%20%0ALIMIT%201%20%7D%20AS%20%25westerly%20%0AWITH%20%7B%20SELECT%20%3Fitem%20%3Fdesc%20%3Fcoords%20%7B%0A%20%20INCLUDE%20%25cities%20%0A%20%20BIND%20%28%22Most%20northerly%22%20AS%20%3Fdesc%29%20%0A%7D%20ORDER%20BY%20DESC%20%28%3Flat%29%20%0ALIMIT%201%20%7D%20AS%20%25northerly%20%0AWITH%20%7B%20SELECT%20%3Fitem%20%3Fdesc%20%3Fcoords%20%7B%0A%20%20INCLUDE%20%25cities%20%0A%20%20BIND%20%28%22Most%20southernly%22%20AS%20%3Fdesc%29%20%0A%7D%20ORDER%20BY%20ASC%20%28%3Flat%29%20%0ALIMIT%201%20%7D%20AS%20%25southerly%20%0AWHERE%20%7B%0A%20%20%7B%20INCLUDE%20%25easterly%20%7D%0A%20%20UNION%0A%20%20%7B%20INCLUDE%20%25westerly%20%7D%0A%20%20UNION%0A%20%20%7B%20INCLUDE%20%25northerly%20%7D%0A%20%20UNION%0A%20%20%7B%20INCLUDE%20%25southerly%20%7D%0A%20%20SERVICE%20wikibase%3Alabel%20%7B%20bd%3AserviceParam%20wikibase%3Alanguage%20%22%5BAUTO_LANGUAGE%5D%2Cen%22.%20%7D%0A%7D%0A Map of UK's most extreme cities] ([https://twitter.com/piecesofuk/status/1430113565944520704 Source]) *** [https://w.wiki/3wfm All current principal Local Authorities in England] ([https://twitter.com/pigsonthewing/status/1429800346814230537 Source]) * '''Development''' ** [[d:Wikidata:Mismatch Finder|Wikidata:Mismatch Finder]] development continues. We are now working on the frontend. First pieces are starting to be visible at https://mismatch-finder.toolforge.org (but nothing usable yet) ** Fixed an issue with unicode characters in constraints checks ([[phab:T289805]]) ** Worked on support for "separators" parameter for distinct value constraints ([[phab:T277855]]) ** Continued work on allowing to restrict constraints to certain entity types ([[phab:T269724]]) ** Continued work on new constraint type to ensure that the Item has a label in a particular language ([[phab:T195178]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. * '''Monthly Tasks''' ** Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed above. ** Comment on property proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open proposals]] ** Contribute to a [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase item]]. ** Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! ** [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. ** Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[:d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2021 08 30|Read the full report]]''' · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)|Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)]] 12:58, 30 ga Augusta, 2021 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Sadat (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=21946142 --> == Wikipedia Asian Month 2021 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hi [[m:Wikipedia Asian Month|Wikipedia Asian Month]] organizers and participants! Hope you are all doing well! Now is the time to sign up for [[Wikipedia Asian Month 2021]], which will take place in this November. '''For organizers:''' Here are the [[m:Wikipedia Asian Month 2021/Rules|basic guidance and regulations]] for organizers. Please remember to: # use '''[https://fountain.toolforge.org/editathons/ Fountain tool]''' (you can find the [[m:Wikipedia Asian Month/Fountain tool|usage guidance]] easily on meta page), or else you and your participants' will not be able to receive the prize from Wikipedia Asian Month team. # Add your language projects and organizer list to the [[m:Template:Wikipedia Asian Month 2021 Communities and Organizers|meta page]] before '''October 29th, 2021'''. # Inform your community members Wikipedia Asian Month 2021 is coming soon!!! # If you want Wikipedia Asian Month team to share your event information on [https://www.facebook.com/wikiasianmonth Facebook] / [https://twitter.com/wikiasianmonth Twitter], or you want to share your Wikipedia Asian Month experience / achievements on [https://asianmonth.wiki/ our blog], feel free to send an email to [mailto:info@asianmonth.wiki info@asianmonth.wiki] or PM us via Facebook. If you want to hold a thematic event that is related to Wikipedia Asian Month, a.k.a. [[m:Wikipedia Asian Month 2021/Events|Wikipedia Asian Month sub-contest]]. The process is the same as the language one. '''For participants:''' Here are the [[m:Wikipedia Asian Month 2021/Rules#How to Participate in Contest?|event regulations]] and [[m:Wikipedia Asian Month 2021/FAQ|Q&A information]]. Just join us! Let's edit articles and win the prizes! '''Here are some updates from Wikipedia Asian Month team:''' # Due to the [[m:COVID-19|COVID-19]] pandemic, this year we hope all the Edit-a-thons are online not physical ones. # The international postal systems are not stable enough at the moment, Wikipedia Asian Month team have decided to send all the qualified participants/ organizers extra digital postcards/ certifications. (You will still get the paper ones!) # Our team has created a [[m:Wikipedia Asian Month 2021/Postcards and Certification|meta page]] so that everyone tracking the progress and the delivery status. If you have any suggestions or thoughts, feel free to reach out the Wikipedia Asian Month team via emailing '''[Mailto:info@asianmonth.wiki info@asianmonth.wiki]''' or discuss on the meta talk page. If it's urgent, please contact the leader directly ('''[Mailto:&#x20;Jamie@asianmonth.wiki jamie@asianmonth.wiki]'''). Hope you all have fun in Wikipedia Asian Month 2021 Sincerely yours, [[m:Wikipedia Asian Month 2021/Team#International Team|Wikipedia Asian Month International Team]], 2021.10 </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Reke@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Asian_Month_Organisers&oldid=20538644 --> == Deletion requests == Hello Em-Mustapha [[Image:Waving.png|20px|Hello]], Could you delete <span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion noarchive">'''[https://ha.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Afirkawan_Amurka&diff=prev&oldid=127476&diffmode=source this page]'''</span>. please ? (out of project scope) —[[User:Eihel|Eihel]] ([[User talk:Eihel|talk]]) 00:32, 23 Disamba 2021 (UTC) Oh! Deleted. [[User:Em-mustapha|<span style="background-color: #804; color: #fa0;"><samp><b><u>Em-mustapha</u></b></samp></span>]] ^{<samp><u>[[User talk:Em-mustapha|'''talk''']]</u></samp>} 17:29, 14 ga Maris, 2022 (UTC) == How we will see unregistered users == <section begin=content/> Ya! Kun sami wannan sakon ne saboda kuna daga cikin admin a Wikimedia wiki. A sanda wani yayi gyara a Wikimedia wiki ba tare da sun shiga akwatin su ba yau, mu kan nuna adireshin su na IP. Kamar yadda kuka riga kuka sani ba zamu iya cigaba da hakan ba a nan gaba. Wannan yarjejeniya ce daga sashen shari'a na Gidauniyar Wikimedia, saboda tsarin gudanarwa na kariya akan layi sun canza. A madadin IP zamu nuna sifar nuniya. Ku amatsayin admin '''zaku cigaba da ganin IP din'''. za'a samar da sabuwar wani hakki na user right ga wadanda ke son ganin cikakken IPs na wadanda basu yi rijista ba domin tunkaran batanci, cin-zarafi da spam ba tare da zama admins ba. Patrollers su ma zasu iya ganin wani bangare na IP koda bada wani hakki na user right ba. kuma dai muna aiki akan [[m:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation/Improving tools|inganta ababen aiki]] dan taimakawa. Idan baku taɓa gani ba kafin nan, zaku iya [[m:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation|karanta ƙarin bayani a Meta]]. Idan kuna son ganin baku rasa sauye-sauyen fasahohin mu ba a Wikimedia wikis, zaku iya [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|subscribe]] zuwa [[m:Tech/News|wasiƙar mako na fasaha]]. Muna da [[m:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation#IP Masking Implementation Approaches (FAQ)|hanyoyi biyu da aka bijiro]] wannan sifar na iya aiki. '''Zamu ji daɗin ji daga gare ku''' a Ina ne kuke tunanin zai yi maku aiki mai kyau da wiki ɗin ku, a yanzu da nan gaba.Kuna iya [[m:Talk:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation|sanar da mu a shafin tattaunawa]]. Kuna iya rubutawa a harshen ku. Shawarwarin an bada sune a Oktoba kuma zamu fidda matsaya a ranar 17 Janairu. Godiya gare ku. /[[m:User:Johan (WMF)|Johan (WMF)]]<section end=content/> 18:15, 4 ga Janairu, 2022 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Target_lists/Admins2022(4)&oldid=22532508 --> == A taimaka min == Assalamu Alaikum Jama'ar Annabi dan Allah a taimaka min, yau kwanaki uku kenan ina ta fama amma abin ya gagara, Wato ina so ayi min bayani ne akan yadda zan dora hotona na cikin wayata a shafina na WIKIPEDIA Na gode da kulawar ku ma'assalam👏👏 [[User:رجال الله الكوغامي|&#91;&#91;رجال الله الكوغامي&#124;رجال الله الكوغامي&#93;&#93;]] ([[User talk:رجال الله الكوغامي|talk]]) 07:56, 12 ga Janairu, 2022 (UTC) :Barka da zuwa [[User:رجال الله الكوغامي|&#91;&#91;رجال الله الكوغامي&#124;رجال الله الكوغامي&#93;&#93;]], Mungode da taimakawan da kake yi a Wikipedia dafatan kaima kaji daɗi kuma zaka tsaya domin cigaba da taimakawa. Kamar yadda kayi tambaya akan yadda zaka ɗaura hotuna a Wikipedia daga wayarka? Ga linki nan ka bi shi zai kai ka inda ake aje hotuna, sauti ko bidiyo wato [https://commons.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard Commons UploadWizard] kabi shafin a hankali ka karanta zaka fahimci duk yadda zaka yi. Abinda baka gane ba zaka iya ƙara tambaya. Mungode da taimakawan ka. [[User:Em-mustapha|<span style="background-color: #804; color: #fa0;"><samp><b><u>''Em-mustapha''</u></b></samp></span>]] ^{<samp><u>[[User talk:Em-mustapha|'''talk''']]</u></samp>} 15:32, 13 ga Janairu, 2022 (UTC) == Flower of the month == [[File:Hibiscus cannabinus (6254320040).jpg|thumb|<center>Hibiscus cannabinus</center>]] Hi Em-mustapha For your huge efforts on Hausa Wikipedia I want to award you with the [[:als:Wikipedia:Blueme vum Monet|Flower of the month]]. Best regards, –[[User:Holder|Holder]] ([[User talk:Holder|talk]]) 05:20, 1 ga Maris, 2022 (UTC) :Thanks [[User:Holder|Holder]]. Regards [[User:Em-mustapha|<span style="background-color: #804; color: #fa0;"><samp><b><u>Em-mustapha</u></b></samp></span>]] ^{<samp><u>[[User talk:Em-mustapha|'''talk''']]</u></samp>} 18:51, 1 ga Maris, 2022 (UTC) == Have you voted in the UCoC enforcement guidelines ratification? == Hi! {{ping|User:Em-mustapha}} The ratification voting process for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|revised enforcement guidelines]] of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC) is now open! '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting|Voting commenced on SecurePoll]]''' on 7 March 2022 and will conclude on 21 March 2022. Please [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voter information|read more on the voter information and eligibility details]]. Please vote and encourage other editors of Hausa Wikipedia to also vote. Regards, [[User:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Zuz (WMF)|talk]]) 14:28, 14 ga Maris, 2022 (UTC) :Hi [[User:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]], I have voted already and yes, I will keep reminding our editors to cast their votes too. Nagode da tunatarwa [[User:Em-mustapha|<span style="background-color: #804; color: #fa0;"><samp><b><u>Em-mustapha</u></b></samp></span>]] ^{<samp><u>[[User talk:Em-mustapha|'''talk''']]</u></samp>} 17:14, 14 ga Maris, 2022 (UTC) == Campaigns Product Update #3 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hello '''Campaigns Product Newsletter''' subscribers! We are excited to share our updates: *'''Proposal to create new namespaces''': We have proposed to create two namespaces, which are “'''Event'''” and “'''Event talk'''.” This way, we can easily create an Event Center that pulls data from event pages. This Event Center may include tools to create event pages with registration support, a calendar of events, and event statistics, among other features. More importantly, the Event Center will highlight organizing as an essential part of the Wikimedia movement. Please give us feedback on [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T296280 Phabricator] or [[m:Talk:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Registration#Feedback_on_March_2022_update|Meta]] about our proposal to create two new namespaces. *'''Engineering updates''': We are excited that we have finished hiring for our engineering team! Three engineers and an engineering manager have joined our team since our last update. In the last few months, they have conducted technical planning and launched the building phase of the project. They are now building the registration tool. You can see the [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|updated team on meta]]. *'''Design updates''': We conducted usability tests with a small group of testers for early feedback on the desktop wireframes. After collecting this feedback, we have developed a new version for desktop wireframes, which will be ready to share in the next few weeks. These desktop wireframes display the user flow of two experiences: one for organizers who want to add registration to their event pages, and another for participants who want to register for an event. Additionally, the design team is also currently working on the first version of mobile wireframes, which will be shared during the next office hour. ::1. View the latest desktop wireframes in '''Figma''' for [https://www.figma.com/proto/h0iZo5Tj6LHpsFDsInWiG0/Pilot---Event-Registration?node-id=1899%3A44995&scaling=min-zoom&page-id=1472%3A36710&starting-point-node-id=1899%3A44995&show-proto-sidebar=1&hide-ui=1 Campaign Organizer Prototype] and [https://www.figma.com/proto/h0iZo5Tj6LHpsFDsInWiG0/Pilot---Event-Registration?node-id=1998%3A49612&scaling=min-zoom&page-id=1472%3A36710&starting-point-node-id=1998%3A49612&show-proto-sidebar=1&hide-ui=1 Participant Registration Prototype]. ::2. [[m:Talk:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Registration#Feedback_on_project_principles_&_wireframes_(October_2021)|Leave us some feedback]] on the desktop wireframes. Note that we haven’t posted the newest version of the desktop wireframes on the project page yet, but we will soon (and you can feel free to add feedback on any version you have seen). *'''Ambassador updates''': Three product ambassadors for the Arabic, French and Swahili communities have now joined our team! They will help us collect feedback from Wikimedia communities about the project and understand the needs of organizers, through gathering first-hand information. These ambassadors are immersed as actual members of these communities, so they will also help us identify the needs of the organizers in our pilot communities. The ambassadors are: [[m:User:Bachounda (WMF)|'''M. Bachounda''']] for Arabic communities, [[m:User:Geugeor-WMF|'''Georges Fodouop''']] for French communities, and [[m:User:AMtavangu (WMF)|'''Antoni Mtavangu''']] for Swahili communities. '''What is next?''' :'''Next Office Hour''': We will be holding an office hour on '''March 31, 2022''' at 15:00 UTC, which will be conducted via [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/82046580320 '''Zoom''']. We invite everyone to attend, and we really hope to see you! The focus will be on the Registration Tool. The team will also be providing community updates on the usability test findings and design highlights for the wireframes. We will also share our current Project timeline and answer any questions you may have. [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Programs Team/Office Hours/2022 03|Join us and share your thoughts on these developments!]] :In a few months, we are expecting to have the early testable version of the tool. By then, the team will be doing the first round of general testing and gathering feedback. We are looking forward to adding more features on the tool such as communication support, potentially by the end of this year. If you know other organizers that might be interested in following these developments, please recommend that they [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Subscribers|subscribe to the newsletter]]. We want to receive as much feedback as we can. Thank you! '''The Campaign Product Team''' </div> [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 17:26, 22 ga Maris, 2022 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:IBrazal (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Subscribers&oldid=23033286 --> == Campaign Product Team Office Hour - March 31, 2022 == Hello '''Campaign Product Newsletter''' subscribers! The Campaign Product Team will be hosting the next office hour to share exciting updates on the Registration Tool and new proposed namespaces for events. We will also be sharing community updates on the usability tests and design highlights of the latest mobile and desktop wireframes. Join us and share your thoughts on these developments! :Date: '''March 31, 2022''' :Time: 15:00 UTC :Zoom Link: https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/82046580320 You may also watch [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7jT8fRUWjfI Campaigns Office Hour: Introducing the Campaigns Product Team] to learn more about the Team and the previous wireframes. Feel free to send a message to '''ibrazal-ctr@wikimedia.org''' if you want to receive an email reminder for this meeting. Thank you. '''The Campaign Product Team''' [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 17:37, 30 ga Maris, 2022 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:IBrazal (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Subscribers&oldid=23066888 --> == Goge mukalar "Kebabbun yankunan al'ummar asali" == Aslm alaikum.. da fatan kana lpia. naga ka goge mukala da na fassara mai suna a sama. ko akwai wani dalili? Nagode [[User:Uncle Bash007|Uncle Bash007]] ([[User talk:Uncle Bash007|talk]]) 10:24, 9 Mayu 2022 (UTC) :Wslm {{ping|Uncle Bash007}}! Na ji daɗin bibiya da kayi dan ganin ka samu hujjar goge maka maƙala da akayi, haka ake so, kuma dafatan zaka cigaba. Ganin mun inganta yanayin karɓar muƙaloli da gyararraki a Hausa Wikipedia zuwa kawai rubutu mai ma'anaz hujja da inganci. Haka ne ta sanya shafin da ka ƙirƙira wani daga cikin masu karatu da ya tabbata bata da inganci bayan ya kasa karantawa sai ya sanya mata tag yana neman a goge ta daga Wikipedia dalilin rashin ingancin da take da shi. Ni kaina na bibiyi maƙalar kuma nima na kasa 'karanta bayanan farko na saman shafin ko fahimtar me rubutun ke nufi, amma idan kana tantama ga ɗan bayanai kaɗan daga rubutun shafin da ka yi; '''Yankunan ƴan '''asali da na al'umma''' ( '''ICCAs''' ), ko ƴan asalin ƙasa da yankuna da yankunan da aka kiyaye su, su ne wuraren ''da ƴan'' asalin ƙasar ke gudanar da su ko kuma al'ummomin gida tare da tabbataccen sakamako don kiyaye bambancin halittu da al'adu. A cikin ICCAs, akwai cigaba, farfaɗowa, ko gyare-gyare na al'adun gargajiya (wasu daga cikinsu sun samo asali ne) da / ko sababbin tsare-tsare sun yi'''! Gaskiya wannan fassara bai da ma'ana kuma har komawa na yi zuwa asalin shafin ta turanci amma banga wannan bayanin ya dace da wancan ba. Dafatan za'a gyara kuma ko kaima ina neman a duk sanda ka ga maƙala mara ingancin rubutu ko wani abu kawai sanya wa shafin wannan tag ɗin '''<nowiki>{{delete}} ko {{delete|sai gajeren bayani game da dalilin ka na a goge ta.}}</nowiki>''', ina gani ko wani Admin ya gani zai duba kuma za'a goge shafin da wuri. Nagode. [[User:Em-mustapha|<span style="background-color: #804; color: #fa0;"><samp><b><u>Em-mustapha</u></b></samp></span>]] ^{<samp><u>[[User talk:Em-mustapha|'''talk''']]</u></samp>} 16:36, 9 Mayu 2022 (UTC) ::Ok nagane.. kuma naji dadin bayanan ka. Amma ina ga kaman zaifi idan aka fara kira don inganta wannan mukala farko kafin a goge, idan aka dan bada dama watakila a inganta su, saboda a halin yanzu ina bin sahun duk mukalar da na fassara ina kara inganta fassarorin ta hanyar kamanta su da ainihin mukalun na harshen turanci. Nagode [[User:Uncle Bash007|Uncle Bash007]] ([[User talk:Uncle Bash007|talk]]) 23:37, 9 Mayu 2022 (UTC) :::{{Ping|Uncle Bash007}}, bani tunanin a yadda muke yanzu hakan zai yi nasara, ganin irin yadda aka yi ta yi a baya, mutane suna ta wallafa shirmen rubutu a matsayin muƙala ko fassara da sauran su. Gaskiya tun kafin mutum ya wallafa muƙala ne yakamata ta zama ya inganta ta, ba wai sai bayan an ƙirƙire ta bane sannan a fara neman a gyara. Akwai standard a kowace Wikipedia wannan Wikipedia ɗin muma dole mu tsaya mu tabbatar komi yana tafiya daidai domin akwai hakki a komai, hatta ilimi yana da hakkinsa, kar mutum ya ɓoye shi kuma kar ya bada akasin shi. [[User:Em-mustapha|<span style="background-color: #804; color: #fa0;"><samp><b><u>Em-mustapha</u></b></samp></span>]] ^{<samp><u>[[User talk:Em-mustapha|'''talk''']]</u></samp>} 06:45, 10 Mayu 2022 (UTC) ::::ok mashaa Allahu.. nagane kuma za'a kara gyarawa. Nagode[[User:Uncle Bash007|Uncle Bash007]] ([[User talk:Uncle Bash007|talk]]) 08:38, 10 Mayu 2022 (UTC) == Event Registration Tool: Demo and Invitation to Test == Hello Subscribers! [[metawiki:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|'''The Campaigns Product  Team''']] from the Wikimedia Foundation will be hosting two office hours to  demo the new [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Registration|'''Event Registration Tool''']], and train organizers how to  use it. In these office hours, you will learn how to: * Create an event page in the new event namespace (as an event organizer) * Enable registration on your event page (as an event organizer) * Collect data on who registered for your event (as an event organizer) * Register for an event on the event page (as an event participant) You can attend one office hour or both, depending on your availability on the following dates: * Session 1: '''Thursday, July 21, 2022 at 5:00 PM UTC''' * Session 2: '''Saturday, July 23, 2022 at 12:00 PM UTC''' These events will be multilingual, with live interpretations in '''Arabic''', '''English''', '''French''', '''Italian''', and '''Portuguese''', and '''Swahili'''. Note that Portuguese will be available on the 21st, but not the 23rd. We strongly encourage you to join and share your feedback on the tool. Your feedback will help us improve the tool so that Wikimedians can have a better event experience. To register, please reply to this email or [[metawiki:Campaigns/Foundation Programs Team/Office Hours/2022 07|'''''sign-up to our page''''']], by adding your signature. Thank you! <nowiki>~~~~</nowiki> [[User:IBrazal (WMF)|IBrazal (WMF)]] ([[User talk:IBrazal (WMF)|talk]]) 06:41, 18 ga Yuli, 2022 (UTC) == Campaign Product Team Office Hour - July 21, 2022 == Hello '''Campaign Product Newsletter''' subscribers! The [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|'''Campaign Product Team''']] will be having an office hour today, '''July 21, 2022 at 17:00 UTC''' via '''Zoom''' to demo the first release of the [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Registration|'''Event Registration Tool''']]. You may join the office hour using this [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/83538569035 '''meeting link''']. We look forward to your participation. Thank you. Best, The [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|'''Campaign Product Team''']] [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 14:46, 21 ga Yuli, 2022 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:IBrazal (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Subscribers&oldid=23512297 --> == Campaigns Product Update #4 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hello '''Campaigns Product Newsletter''' subscribers! We are excited to share our updates: *<div style = "text-align:left; color: #192980; font-size: 1em;>'''Event Registration v0'''</div> :We have successfully launched '''Event Registration tool V0''' on beta cluster and collected feedback from the first batch of testers. This tool is part of a more comprehensive organizing solution, the '''Event Center''', which hopes to support movement organizers. Through this registration solution, organizers can collect useful data on campaign participants and their needs while respecting participant privacy. :'''Testing update'''. In our first round of feedback collection, testers were composed of different types of organizers around the movement with a language focus on Arabic, French, English, and Swahili communities. Most of the testers successfully created their test event registrations and signed up for a test event registration created by other organizers. '''''Simple''''', '''''easy to use''''', and '''''aids in managing event participants''''' were the common feedback we received from first-time users. In contrast, access and proper localization of the tool were the points for improvement identified. We are working on V1, which will include '''communication support''' and integration with the [https://outreachdashboard.wmflabs.org/ '''Programs and Event Dashboard''']. This will be released on Meta-Wiki soon. We hope to address accessibility during this launch and improve localization problems once the tool has been deployed in local wikiprojects. :[https://meta.wikimedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/Main_Page ''The tool is still available for testing on the beta cluster'']. Feel free to leave feedback on our project talk page or this [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSe53MNV9CKVBAF3SV2q97baufizH7b_2QJ47H1w0Upvoh4QFQ/viewform form]. *<div style = "text-align:left; color: #192980; font-size: 1em;>'''Organizer Lab'''</div> Looking for a way to learn how to effectively organize around sustainability? Join the beta version of the Organizer Lab on WikiLearn to understand how to effectively organize a global campaign around sustainability and climate change! Applications are open from '''September 22 - October 19, 2022'''. The Organizer Lab will be a '''9-week online learning experience from the end of October until mid December''' that prepares participants to obtain knowledge about the topics that they wish to create, a call to action for strategic knowledge gaps, as well as more generalized Wikimedia organizing and campaign/event design skills. :[[m:Campaigns/Organizer_Lab|'''Read more about the program''']]! <br> '''What's Next''': *'''Organizer Lab Information Session'''. We invite you to join our information session for the Organizer Lab on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1664546421 '''September 30, 2022 at 14:00 UTC'''] via '''Zoom'''. [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/89032870014 ''Join this session!'']<br> *'''Organizer User Rights'''. We are reaching out to a pool of administrators from Arabic, French and Swahili communities to collect feedback on what is the best way to define organizer user rights, what privileges to give to community organizers, and what are the limitations of these privileges. Feel free to reach out to our [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|product ambassadors]] or send an email to '''ibrazal-ctr@wikimedia.org''' if you are interested to be part of these conversations. <br> ---- '''Community Feedback''': <center>''"Participants have been always asking the organizers are asked by participants whether they are registered, now participants will just look directly if they are registered, Thank you for creating the system"'' <br> - French Organizer <br><br> ''“I think that the platform will facilitate the process of promoting events and searching for participants”''<br> - Arabic Organizer </center><br> ---- <br> Thank you! '''The Campaigns Product Team''' </div> [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 06:30, 21 Satumba 2022 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:IBrazal (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Subscribers&oldid=23684552 --> == You are invited to join/orginize Wikipedia Asain Month 2022 ! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[File:Wikipedia_Asian_Month_Logo.svg|link=m:Wikipedia_Asian_Month_2022|right|217x217px|Wikipedia Asian Month 2022]] Hi WAM organizers and participants! Hope you are all doing well! Now is the time to sign up for [[:m:Wikipedia Asian Month 2022|Wikipedia Asian Month 2022]], which will take place in this November. '''For organizers:''' Here are the [[:m:Wikipedia_Asian_Month_2022/Rules|basic guidance and regulations]] for organizers. Please remember to: # use '''[https://outreachdashboard.wmflabs.org/campaigns/wikipedia_asian_month_2022/overview/ Wikipedia Asian Month 2022 Programs & Events Dashboard.]''' , or else you and your participants’ will not be able to receive the prize from WAM team. # Add your language projects and organizer list to the [[:m:Wikipedia Asian Month 2022#Communities and Organizers|meta page]] 1 week before '''your campaign start date'''. # Inform your community members WAM 2022 is coming!!! # If you want WAM team to share your event information on [https://www.facebook.com/wikiasianmonth/ Facebook] / [https://twitter.com/wikiasianmonth twitter], or you want to share your WAM experience/ achievements on our blog, feel free to send an email to info@asianmonth.wiki. If you want to hold a thematic event that is related to WAM, a.k.a. [[:m:Wikipedia Asian Month 2022#Subcontests|WAM sub-contest]]. The process is the same as the language one. '''For participants:''' Here are the [[:m:Wikipedia Asian Month 2022#How to Participate in Contest|event regulations]] and [[:m:Wikipedia_Asian_Month_2022/FAQ|Q&A information]]. Just join us! Let’s edit articles and win the prizes! '''Here are some updates from WAM team:''' # Based on the [[:m:COVID-19|COVID-19]] pandemic situation in different region, this year we still suggest all the Edit-a-thons are online, but you are more then welcome to organize local offline events. # The international postal systems are not stable, WAM team have decided to send all the qualified participants/ organizers a [[:m:Wikipedia Asian Month 2022/Barnstars|digital Barnstars]]. If you have any suggestions or thoughts, feel free to reach out the WAM team via emailing '''info@asianmonth.wiki''' or discuss on the meta talk page. If it’s urgent, please contact the leader directly ('''reke@wikimedia.tw'''). Hope you all have fun in Wikipedia Asian Month 2022 Sincerely yours, [[:m:Wikipedia_Asian_Month_2022/Team|Wikipedia Asian Month International Team]] 2022.10</div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Joycewikiwiki@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Asian_Month_Organisers&oldid=23975688 --> == Campaigns Product Team Office Hour - December 2022 == Hello '''Campaigns Product Newsletter''' subscribers! The [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|Wikimedia Foundation Campaigns Team]] invites you to join our upcoming office hours. In each session, we will introduce V1 of [[m:Event Center/Registration|'''Event Registration Tool''']], so you can begin '''using it for real events on Meta-wiki'''. <br> In V1, the following new features will be includedː * Support for the organizer to specify an event timezone * Automatic confirmation emails after participants have registered * Private registration: the option for participants to register and only display their registered username to organizers of the event and we will teach you how you can use it yourself. <br> <u>'''Office Hour Sessions''':</u> * '''1st Session''': '''December 5, 2022''' @ '''18:00 UTC''' via [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/87853269514 Zoom] * '''2nd Session''': '''December 10, 2022''' @ '''12:00 UTC''' via [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/87853269514 Zoom] :[[m:Campaigns/Foundation Programs Team/Office Hours/2022 12|'''''Join us and share your thoughts on these developments!''''']] <br> These office hours will be multilingual, with live interpretations in Arabic, English, French, and Swahili. Email us @ ''ibrazal-ctr@wikimedia.org'' or [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Programs Team/Office Hours/2022 12|'''sign-up here''']] if you want to receive a reminder for this meeting. <br><br> Thank you. '''The Campaigns Product Team''' <!-- Message sent by User:IBrazal (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Subscribers&oldid=24091515 --> == Game da [[user:Boymarvel|Boymarvel]] == @[[User:Em-mustapha|Em-mustapha]], barka da dare da fatan muna lafiya. Akwai wani edita Boymarvel, wanda naga ka goge mukalarsa ta wata waka MyBaby - Granted boy, haka zalika jiya ma ya sake kirkirar wata wanda na goge game da Granted Boy kuma a harshen turanci. Ina mai tabbacin cewa talla yake, ko kuma biyanshi akayi. Ka duba ka ga idan da bukatar a dakatar dashi baki daya[[User:Uncle Bash007|Patroller>>]] 23:46, 4 Mayu 2023 (UTC) Barka ka dai [[User:Uncle Bash007|Uncle Bash007]], tabbas wannan ba yazo inganta Wikipedia ba ne, domin nima na lura da hakan. Na dakatar da shi na tsawon wata uku. [[User:Em-mustapha|<span style="background-color: #804; color: #fa0;"><samp><b><u>Em-mustapha</u></b></samp></span>]] ^{<samp><u>[[User talk:Em-mustapha|'''talk''']]</u></samp>} 00:25, 5 Mayu 2023 (UTC) :@[[User:Em-mustapha|Em-mustapha]], to madallah.. [[User:Uncle Bash007|Patroller>>]] 09:39, 5 Mayu 2023 (UTC) == Organizer Tools Office Hours & Event Discovery Project == ('''[[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Update 5/fr|Lire ce message en français]])'''; ('''[[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Update 5/es|Ver este mensaje en español]]'''); ('''[[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Update 5/sw|Angalia ujumbe huu kwa Kiswahili]]'''); ('''[[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Update 5/ar|إقرأ هذه الرسالة بالعربي]]''') <small> {{int:please-translate}} </small>. [[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team|The Campaigns team]] at the Wikimedia Foundation has some updates to share with you, which are: We invite you to attend our upcoming community office hours to learn about organizer tools, including the [[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Registration|Event registration tool]] (which has [[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Registration#September 18, 2023: October office hours & upcoming features|new and upcoming features]]). '''The office hours are on the following dates, and you can join one or both of them:''' *'''Saturday, October 7 at 12:00 UTC''' ('''[[m:Event:Organizer Tools Office Hour 5/Session A|Register here]]''') **Languages available: Arabic, English, French, Swahili *'''Tuesday, October 10 at 18:00 UTC''' ('''[[m:Event:Organizer Tools Office Hour 5/Session B|Register here]]'''). **Languages available: Arabic, English, French, Portuguese, Spanish, Swahili '''We have launched a new project: [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Event Discovery|Event Discovery]]'''. This project aims to make it easier for editors to learn about campaign events. '''We need your help to understand how you would like to discover events on the wikis, so that we can create a useful solution. Please share your feedback on our [[m:Talk:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Event Discovery|project talk page]]'''. ; Thank you, and we hope to see you at the upcoming office hours! [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 19:54, 24 Satumba 2023 (UTC) <small>You are receiving this message because you subscribed to this [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Subscribers|list]]</small> <!-- Message sent by User:EUwandu-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Subscribers&oldid=25632558 --> == Wani yabarazanan goge shafina Mai Suna Koren dutse == Sunan shafi koren dutse [[User:Adamu ab|Adamu ab]] ([[User talk:Adamu ab|talk]]) 19:15, 6 Disamba 2023 (UTC) == [[Abdulrahman Thaher]] == Hello! I am asking for your help to delete the article because I see that the author of the article has been blocked globally by the stewards and the article has been deleted in many Wikimedia projects. Actually I have asked A Sulaiman Z to delete the article but he has not responded to my message and the article has not been deleted by him [[User:Badak Jawa|Badak Jawa]] ([[User talk:Badak Jawa|talk]]) 13:18, 11 Mayu 2025 (UTC) :You can see [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAuth/Abduddaher this link] to see the block and [https://m.wikidata.org/w/index.php?title=Q20411708&action=history this link] to see the Wikimedia project that removed the article. Regards [[User:Badak Jawa|Badak Jawa]] ([[User talk:Badak Jawa|talk]]) 13:19, 11 Mayu 2025 (UTC) :Alright, which article are you referring to? [[User:Em-mustapha|<span style="background-color: #804; color: #fa0;"><samp><b><u>Em-mustapha</u></b></samp></span>]] ^{<samp><u>[[User talk:Em-mustapha|'''talk''']]</u></samp>} 13:21, 11 Mayu 2025 (UTC) ::Alright, done! [[User:Em-mustapha|<span style="background-color: #804; color: #fa0;"><samp><b><u>Em-mustapha</u></b></samp></span>]] ^{<samp><u>[[User talk:Em-mustapha|'''talk''']]</u></samp>} 13:22, 11 Mayu 2025 (UTC) :::Thank you! You can also see the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project:Sockpuppet_investigations/Abduddaher inspection page on English] and [https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:V%C3%A9rificateur_d%27utilisateurs/Requ%C3%AAtes/mai_2025#Abduddaher,_Maxpro2025_-_7_mai French Wikipedia] that he was proven to have misused his account to prevent the deletion of Abdulrahman Thaher's article [[User:Badak Jawa|Badak Jawa]] ([[User talk:Badak Jawa|talk]]) 13:27, 11 Mayu 2025 (UTC) :::@[[User:Em-mustapha|Em-mustapha]] I noticed that there is a claim from someone saying that the creator of this page is the same person mentioned in it and that he is promoting himself, but when I reviewed the article's history, I noticed that the translator of the article is someone from another country (I think from an African country) and has no relation to the person mentioned in the article, who is a well-known director and actor from Palestine. How can this misleading request be responded to and the article deleted so easily without checking the history and without reviewing the creation date, and without even putting the article up for discussion?? [[Musamman:Contributions/46.43.127.248|46.43.127.248]] 21:52, 24 Mayu 2025 (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin 2025 Issue 13</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="content" /> <div class="plainlinks"> [[File:Wikimedia Foundation logo - horizontal.svg|150px|right|class=skin-invert|link=]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here is a quick overview of highlights from the Wikimedia Foundation since our last issue on June 27. Please help [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2025/13|translate]].''</div> <div style="clear:both"></div> ---- [[File:Laptop with Wikipedia "W" illustration.png|The Wikimania Hackathon 2025 inviting project ideas.|alt=Laptop with Wikipedia "W" illustration|thumb]] '''Upcoming and current events and conversations'''<br/><small>''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Let's Talk|Let's Talk]] continues''</small> *'''Wikimania Hackathon 2025''': The Wikimania Hackathon 2025 is inviting you to [[diffblog:2025/06/30/call-for-projects-wikimania-hackathon-2025-is-coming-to-nairobi/|submit your project idea]]. *'''WikiWomen* Summit 2025''': [[wikimania:2025:WikiWomen* Summit|The WikiWomen* Summit 2025]] will take place in a hybrid format on 5th August, the pre-conference day of Wikimania 2025. [[diffblog:2025/06/27/wikiwomen-summit-2025-weaving-inclusive-futures-together/|Register now]]. *'''WikiIndaba 2025''': [[diffblog:2025/06/24/wikiindaba-2025-call-for-scholarship-applications-program-submission/|The scholarship applications and program submissions]] are open until 23:59 GMT on July 20. *'''WikiCon Brasil 2025''': [[wmbr:WikiCon Brasil 2025|WikiCon Brasil 2025]] will take place on July 19-20 in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. *'''WikiConvention francophone 2025''': [[m:WikiConvention francophone/2025|The WikiConvention 2025]] will take place in Cotonou, Benin, October 2-5. The call for submissions [[m:WikiConvention francophone/2025/Soumissions|is open until July 15]]. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Product & Technology OKRs|Infrastructure]]'''<br/><small>''See also newsletters: [[m:Wikimedia Apps/Newsletter|Wikimedia Apps]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Growth/Newsletters|Growth]]&nbsp;· [[m:Research:Newsletter|Research]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Web team's projects|Web]]&nbsp;· [[:f:Wikifunctions:Status updates|Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech News]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Language and Internationalization Newsletter|Language and Internationalization]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Special:Newsletters|other newsletters on MediaWiki.org]]''</small> *'''Tech News''': [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Temporary accounts|Temporary accounts]] have been rolled out on 18 large and medium-sized Wikipedias, including German, Japanese, French, and Chinese; The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] has been enabled on all Wikipedias. More updates from Tech News week [[diffblog:2025/06/30/tech-news-2025-week-27/|27]] and [[diffblog:2025/07/08/tech-news-2025-week-28/|28]]. *'''AbuseFilter''': AbuseFilter maintainers can now [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:IPReputation/AbuseFilter variables|match against IP reputation data]] in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter|AbuseFilters]]. IP reputation data is information about the proxies and VPNs associated with the user’s IP address. This data is not shown publicly and is not generated for actions performed by registered accounts. *'''Favorite Templates''': A new feature related to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Focus areas/Template recall and discovery|Template Recall and Discovery]] will be deployed to all Wikimedia projects: a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData/Template discovery#Template categories|template category browser]] will be introduced to assist users in finding templates to put in their “favourite” list. The browser will allow users to browse a list of templates which have been organised into a given category tree. The feature has been requested by the community [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Wishes/Select templates by categories|through the Community Wishlist]]. *'''Wikipedia App''': We have launched an A/B test of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS/Tabbed Browsing (Tabs)|tabbed browsing in the Wikipedia iOS app]]. This feature allows users to open multiple articles in separate tabs, making it easier to switch between topics, explore, and return to previous reading spots. The test is currently running in Arabic, English, and Japanese in selected regions. We’re collecting feedback and plan to make the feature more widely available soon. *'''MediaWiki''': The MediaWiki Platform team has introduced a unified [[mw:Manual:Notifications|Built-in Notifications]] system, as part of [[mw:MediaWiki 1.44|MediaWiki 1.44]], that makes it easier for developers to send, manage, and customize notifications across the platform. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals/Volunteer Support|Volunteer Support]]'''<br/><small>''See also blogs: [[diffblog:global-advocacy|Global Advocacy blog]] · [https://mailchi.mp/wikimedia/global-advocacy-policy-newsletter Global Advocacy Newsletter] · [https://wikimediapolicy.medium.com Policy blog] · [[m:WikiLearn#Stay updated|WikiLearn News]] · [[m:Special:AllEvents|list of movement events]]''</small> *'''Hubs''': Personal, consistent and deeply human: [[diffblog:2025/06/26/personal-consistent-and-deeply-human-cee-hub-support-for-the-region-organizations/|How CEE Hub support the region organizations]]. *'''Legal''': Good intentions make for bad law in Utah, we argue in [[diffblog:2025/07/07/good-intentions-make-for-bad-law-in-utah-we-argue-in-our-amicus-brief-in-the-netchoice-v-brown-case/|our amicus brief in the Netchoice v. Brown case]]. *'''Wikimedia Organizations''': The Wikimedia Foundation and a group of experienced co-authors with affiliate background have drafted the paper [[m:Towards a Healthy Ecosystem of Wikimedia Organizations|Towards a Healthy Ecosystem of Wikimedia Organizations]]. This paper aims to be presented as a proposal for the movement at Wikimania in August 2025 in Nairobi. [[diffblog:2025/07/08/wikimedia-movement-organizations-draft-paper-open-for-community-review/|Share your feedback before July 29]]. *'''Advocacy''': We have created [[foundationsite:news/2025/06/27/the-wikipedia-test/|The Wikipedia Test]]: a public policy tool and a call to action to help ensure regulators consider how new laws can negatively affect online communities and platforms that provide services and information in the public interest. *'''Wikimedia Research Showcase''': The next showcase will center around the theme of "Examining the Impact of LLMs on Knowledge Production Communities" and will [[mw:Wikimedia Research/Showcase|take place on July 16 at 16:30 UTC]]. *'''Administrative Update to Our Privacy Policies''': Following personnel changes, we are removing the name of our former point of contact serving the European Economic Area and the UK for questions and requests related to personal data in the [[foundation:Special:Diff/518090|privacy policy]] and [[foundation:Special:Diff/518161|donor privacy policy]]. '''Board and Board committee updates'''<br/><small>''See [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard|Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard]] · [[m:Affiliations Committee/News|Affiliations Committee Newsletter]]''</small> *'''Affiliations Committee''': [[m:Affiliations Committee/Resolutions/2025/User Group recognition interval period|New resolution from AffComm on User Group recognition interval period]]. '''Other Movement curated newsletters & news'''<br/><small>''See also:'' [[diffblog:|Diff blog]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Goings-on|Goings-on]]&nbsp;· [https://en.planet.wikimedia.org/ Planet Wikimedia]&nbsp;· [[:w:en:WP:SIGNPOST|Signpost (en)]]&nbsp;· [[:w:de:Wikipedia:Kurier|Kurier (de)]]&nbsp;· [[wikt:fr:Wiktionnaire:Actualités|Actualités du Wiktionnaire (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Regards sur l'actualité de la Wikimedia|Regards sur l’actualité de la Wikimedia (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Wikimag|Wikimag (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News|Education]]&nbsp;· [[outreachwiki:Special:MyLanguage/GLAM/Newsletter|GLAM]]&nbsp;· [[m:The Wikipedia Library/Newsletter|The Wikipedia Library]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia News|Milestones]]&nbsp;· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates|Wikidata]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CEE/Newsletter|Central and Eastern Europe]]&nbsp;· [[:m:Newsletters|other newsletters]]</small> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;"> '''[[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|Subscribe or unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2025/13|Help translate]]''' For information about the Bulletin and to read previous editions, see the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|project page on Meta-Wiki]]. Let askcac[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|class=skin-invert|alt=(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org know if you have any feedback or suggestions for improvement! </div> </div> <section end="content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 18:55, 15 ga Yuli, 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RAdimer-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedia_Foundation_Bulletin&oldid=28981719 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin 2025 Issue 14</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="content" /> <div class="plainlinks">[[File:Wikimedia Foundation logo - horizontal.svg|150px|right|class=skin-invert|link=]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here is a quick overview of highlights from the Wikimedia Foundation since our last issue on July 11. Please help [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2025/14|translate]]. The bulletin will be back after Wikimania with a special issue on the 19th August.''</div> <div style="clear:both"></div> ---- [[File:Matatu bus illustration.png|Get Ready for Wikimania 2025!|alt=Matatu bus illustration.png|thumb]] '''Upcoming and current events and conversations'''<br/><small>''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Let's Talk|Let's Talk]] continues''</small> *'''Wikimania 2025''': [[wmania:2025:Registration|Register to join virtually]] the 20th Wikimania taking place from [[diffblog:2025/07/21/wikimania-2025-connecting-wikimedians-across-the-world-for-20-years/|August 6-9]]. [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/schedule The programme] has highlights from across Wikimedia projects and communities including the reveal of who will be this year's [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/SQKC3A Wikimedians of the year.] *'''Strengthening a neutral point of view''': An overview of NPOV policies across Wikipedia projects, shows that 153 Wikipedias out of 342 (45%) don’t have easily accessible guidance on neutrality. The research was conducted to help understand how neutrality is ensured in our projects. and to provide an opportunity for peer learning across project communities. [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Global Trends/Common global standards for NPOV policies/Analysis of Neutral Point of View Policies across Wikipedias|Read the full research and join the conversation]]. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Product & Technology OKRs|Infrastructure]]'''<br/><small>''See also newsletters: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Newsletter|Apps]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters|Growth]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Product Safety and Integrity|Product Safety and Integrity]]&nbsp;· [[m:Research:Newsletter|Research]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Web team's projects|Web]]&nbsp;· [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech News]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Language and Internationalization Newsletter|Language and Internationalization]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Special:Newsletters|other newsletters on MediaWiki.org]]''</small> *'''Tech News''': See all the 60 community-submitted tasks that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved over the last two weeks]] in Tech News week [[diffblog:2025/07/14/tech-news-2025-week-29/|29]] and [[diffblog:2025/07/21/tech-news-2025-week-30/|30]]. For example, the request to add Malayalam fonts in the [[oldwikisource:Special:MyLanguage/Wikisource:WS Export|Wikisource Book Export Tool]] was resolved and now, the rendering of Malayalam letters in exported Wikisource books [[phab:T374457|are accurate]]. *'''Temporary Accounts''': After the rollout of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] on 18 large and medium-sized Wikipedias, we are monitoring the impact of this change, and preparing for the next deployments. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/Updates#July 2025: Deployment on 18 large and medium-sized Wikipedias, and our plans for next months|See the full project update]]. *'''Add a link''': Administrators can now limit [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|"Add a Link"]] to newcomers, as opposed to keeping it open to more experienced editors as well. "Add a link" [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Constructive activation experimentation#Enwiki A/B test & "Add a Link" Improvements (Wiki Experiences 1.2.11 & 1.2.16)|helps newcomers to start editing]], so restricting the feature to them enables Administrators to cater the feature to that specific group, which they can do via the [[m:Special:CommunityConfiguration/GrowthSuggestedEdits|Community Configuration]] feature. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals/Volunteer Support|Volunteer Support]]'''<br/><small>''See also blogs: [[diffblog:global-advocacy|Global Advocacy blog]] · [https://mailchi.mp/wikimedia/global-advocacy-policy-newsletter Global Advocacy Newsletter] · [https://wikimediapolicy.medium.com Policy blog] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WikiLearn#Stay updated|WikiLearn News]] · [[m:Special:AllEvents|list of movement events]]''</small> *'''Digital Safety''': PEN America shares [[diffblog:2025/07/12/pen-america-shares-5-tips-for-bolstering-your-safety-and-privacy-online/|5 tips for bolstering your safety and privacy online]]. *'''Amicus brief''': [[diffblog:2025/07/10/our-amicus-brief-in-patterson-v-meta-defending-free-speech-and-the-open-internet-in-another-section-230-legal-case/|Our amicus brief in Patterson v. Meta]]: Defending free speech and the open internet in another Section 230 legal case. *'''UK Online Safety Act''': Court hearings for the Wikimedia Foundation's [[foundationsite:2025/07/17/wikimedia-foundation-challenges-uk-online-safety-act-regulations/|challenge to the UK Online Safety Act "Categorisation Regulations"]] happened on July 22 and 23. A verdict is not expected until August. *'''Advocacy sessions''': Collaborate for change at [[diffblog:2025/07/21/collaborating-for-change-dont-miss-these-policy-advocacy-sessions-at-wikimania-2025/|these policy advocacy sessions at Wikimania 2025]]. *'''Public-Interest content''': Expanding Indonesian Wikipedia with Public-Interest Content through [[diffblog:2025/07/23/expanding-indonesian-wikipedia-with-public-interest-content-through-project-gayatri/|Project Gayatri]]. *'''The Wikipedia Test''': [[diffblog:2025/07/17/introducing-the-wikipedia-test-a-tool-to-protect-the-public-interest-internet/|Learn how to use the Wikipedia Test]], a tool to protect the public interest internet. *'''Equity Fund''': As it closes, the Equity Fund has [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Knowledge Equity Fund/Grantee#Final round|announced its final round of grants]] to six past grantees. It will also be providing four "Connected Grants" to movement organizations who will pair closely with one of the grantees to collaborate together. *'''Don't blink''': [[diffblog:2025/07/12/dont-blink-protecting-the-wikimedia-model-its-people-and-its-values-in-may-2025/|The latest developments]] from around the world about protecting the Wikimedia model, its people and its values. *'''Content Translation''': Translators who use the Suggestions feature in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation|Content Translation tool]] can now select and receive article suggestions that are customized to geographical locations of their interest using the new "Regions" filter. *'''Wikifunctions''': [[f:Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-07-19|Wikifunctions now has a new kind of Types]]: Wikidata-based enumerations, also known as light-weight enumerations. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals/Effectiveness|Effectiveness]]'''<br/><small>''See also: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2024-2025/Progress|Progress on the annual plan]]''</small> *'''Endowment''': Sharing the [[diffblog:2025/07/14/sharing-the-wikimedia-endowments-form-990-for-fiscal-year-2023-2024/|Wikimedia Endowment’s Form 990]] for fiscal year 2023 – 2024. Learn more from [[m:Wikimedia Endowment reports/Financial/Form 990/2023-2024 - frequently asked questions|the frequently asked questions]]. '''Board and Board committee updates'''<br/><small>''See [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard|Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News|Affiliations Committee Newsletter]]''</small> *'''Annual plan''': The Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees approved the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026|Foundation's annual plan]] for next year virtually in their [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard|quarterly meeting]]. You can read more about the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals|goals for next year]] and a summary of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Collaboration|continuous conversations]] that shaped the plan. *'''Board selection''': The Elections Committee shared a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Candidates|list of the all eligible candidates]]. As there are more than 10 eligible candidates, a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Shortlisting process|shortlisting process]] is currently taking place. Representatives of Wikimedia movement affiliates that are [[m:Wikimedia movement affiliates/Affiliates Status Report/Archive/2025-07|currently compliant]] with their reporting obligations can participate in the shortlisting process. Learn more about this process and next steps on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025#Timeline|Meta]]. '''Foundation statements''' *'''WIPO permanent observer''': For fifth time, [[foundationsite:news/2025/07/09/china-block-wikimedia-wipo/|China blocks Wikimedia Foundation as permanent observer to the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)]]. '''Other Movement curated newsletters & news'''<br/><small>''See also:'' [[diffblog:|Diff blog]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Goings-on|Goings-on]]&nbsp;· [https://en.planet.wikimedia.org/ Planet Wikimedia]&nbsp;· [[:w:en:WP:SIGNPOST|Signpost (en)]]&nbsp;· [[:w:de:Wikipedia:Kurier|Kurier (de)]]&nbsp;· [[wikt:fr:Wiktionnaire:Actualités|Actualités du Wiktionnaire (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Regards sur l'actualité de la Wikimedia|Regards sur l’actualité de la Wikimedia (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Wikimag|Wikimag (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News|Education]]&nbsp;· [[outreachwiki:Special:MyLanguage/GLAM/Newsletter|GLAM]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/The Wikipedia Library/Newsletter|The Wikipedia Library]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia News|Milestones]]&nbsp;· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates|Wikidata]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CEE/Newsletter|Central and Eastern Europe]]&nbsp;· [[:m:Newsletters|other newsletters]]</small> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;"> '''[[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|Subscribe or unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2025/14|Help translate]]''' For information about the Bulletin and to read previous editions, see the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|project page on Meta-Wiki]]. Let askcac[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|class=skin-invert|link=|alt=(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org know if you have any feedback or suggestions for improvement! </div> </div> <section end="content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 21:02, 29 ga Yuli, 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RAdimer-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedia_Foundation_Bulletin&oldid=29017999 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin 2025 Issue 15</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="content" /> <div class="plainlinks"> [[File:Wikimedia Foundation logo - horizontal.svg|150px|right|class=skin-invert|link=]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here is a quick overview of highlights from the Wikimedia Foundation since our last issue on July 25. Please help [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2025/15|translate]].''</div> <div style="clear:both"></div> ---- [[File:Robertsky at Wikimedians of the Year 2025 awards 2025-08-06 02.jpg|250px|thumb|link=diffblog:2025/08/06/meet-the-wikimedians-of-the-year-2025/|Robert Sim ([[w:en:User:Robertsky|User:Robertsky]]), Wikimedian of the Year 2025|alt=Photo of Robert Sim]] [[File:Wikimania 2025 à Nairobi Kenya.jpg|thumb|Wikimania 2025 group photo|alt=Group photo of hundreds of Wikimania attendees]] '''Special Wikimania issue''' <small>''This is a special Wikimania issue of the Bulletin. We'll be back to our regular format in the next issue''</small> * '''Wikimania Nairobi''': Catch up on missed sessions of Wikimania 2025 by [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/schedule/ checking session pages in the program]. These links will be replaced by Commons links when the uploads are finished. * '''Meet the Wikimedians of the Year 2025''': [https://www.youtube.com/live/yjENat8ts4Q?si=191tNJO1oPw43Nti&t=15892 The Wikimedian of the Year awards] give us an opportunity to pause, taking a moment to recognize people who make our mission possible. Learn about all of [[diffblog:2025/08/06/meet-the-wikimedians-of-the-year-2025/|this year's winners]]. * '''Highlights:''' Daily highlights from Wikimania: ** [[diffblog:2025/08/06/wikimania-2025-day-1-celebrating-20-years-of-wikimania-in-nairobi/|Day 1 - Celebrating 20 years of Wikimania]], ** [[diffblog:2025/08/07/wikimania-2025-day-2-technology-in-a-changing-world/|Day 2 - Technology in a changing world]], ** [[diffblog:2025/08/08/wikimania-2025-day-3-connecting-with-africa/|Day 3 - Connecting with communities in Africa]], ** [[diffblog:2025/08/10/wikimania-2025-day-4-bringing-generations-together/|Day 4 - Bringing generations together]]. * '''Product and Tech''': [[diffblog:2025/08/06/wikimania-2025-sessions-about-product-and-tech-you-dont-want-to-miss/|Wikimania 2025 sessions about Product and Tech]] you can watch, with links to the recordings. * '''Affiliate Strategy''': [[diffblog:2025/08/06/wikimania-2025-brings-affiliate-strategy-recommendations-into-focus/|Wikimania 2025 Brings Affiliate Strategy Recommendations into Focus]]. * '''Twentieth edition of Wikimania''': [[foundationsite:news/2025/08/05/wikimania-2025-celebrates-humans/|Celebrating humans who make Wikipedia possible.]] '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Product & Technology OKRs|Infrastructure]]'''<br/><small>''See also newsletters: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Newsletter|Wikimedia Apps]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters|Growth]]&nbsp;· [[m:Research:Newsletter|Research]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Web team's projects|Web]]&nbsp;· [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech News]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Language and Internationalization Newsletter|Language and Internationalization]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Special:Newsletters|other newsletters on MediaWiki.org]]''</small> * '''Tech News''': Some of the latest update from Tech News week [[diffblog:2025/07/29/tech-news-2025-week-31/|31]], [[diffblog:2025/08/05/tech-news-2025-week-32/|32]], and [[diffblog:2025/08/11/tech-news-2025-week-33/|33:]] The Wikimedia Commons community has decided to block [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Upload dialog|cross-wiki uploads]] to Wikimedia Commons, for all users without autoconfirmed rights on that wiki, starting on August 16; The WikiEditor toolbar now includes [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:WikiEditor#Keyboard shortcuts|its keyboard shortcuts]] in the tooltips for its buttons. This will help to improve the discoverability of this feature. * '''Collaborative Contributions''': [[m:Talk:CampaignEvents/Collaborative contributions|Share your comments]] on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Collaborative contributions|Collaborative Contributions]]. This project aims to create a new way to display the impact of collaborative editing activities (such as edit-a-thons, backlog drives, and WikiProjects) on the wikis. * '''PTAC''': The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council|Product and Technology Advisory Council]] published a set of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/August 2025 draft PTAC proposals for feedback|proposed experiments]] the Wikimedia Foundation can try to improve communication with community. [[m:Talk:Product and Technology Advisory Council/August 2025 draft PTAC proposals for feedback|Feedback on the proposals]] are welcomed until August 22. * '''Watchlists and Recent Changes''': The Foundation will be focusing on wishes related to Watchlists and Recent Changes pages over the next few months. Please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Updates#July 24, 2025: Watchlists and Recent Changes pages|read the latest update]], and if you have ideas, please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist|submit a wish]] on the topic. * '''Wikifunctions''': The Foundation is working on [[wikifunctions:Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-07-26|demonstrating functions that generate sentences and fragments in several languages]]. This is a considerable step towards creating text for Abstract Wikipedia. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals/Volunteer Support|Volunteer Support]]'''<br/><small>''See also blogs: [[diffblog:global-advocacy|Global Advocacy blog]] · [https://mailchi.mp/wikimedia/global-advocacy-policy-newsletter Global Advocacy Newsletter] · [https://wikimediapolicy.medium.com Policy blog] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WikiLearn#Stay updated|WikiLearn News]] · [[m:Special:AllEvents|list of movement events]]''</small> * '''Wikimedia Futures Lab''': [[m:Wikimedia Futures Lab|The Wikimedia Futures Lab]] is a process and convening co-designed by the Wikimedia Foundation and Wikimedia Deutschland that will help us all learn more about global trends and discuss potential movement-wide responses. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Futures Lab/Participation|You can apply now to join]] the in-person convening hosted on January 30 – February 1, 2026 in Frankfurt, Germany with participants from affiliates, contributors and external experts. * '''Don't Blink''': [[diffblog:2025/08/01/dont-blink-protecting-the-wikimedia-model-its-people-and-its-values-in-june-2025/|The latest developments]] from around the world about protecting the Wikimedia model, its people and its values. * '''Language and Internationalization''': Read about language support for new languages and other highlights from the July 2025 edition of [[diffblog:2025/08/12/language-and-internationalization-newsletters-8/|the Language and internationalization newsletter]]. * '''Language Community:''' The next language community meeting will be held on [[mw:Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Community meetings#29 August 2025|August 29 at 15:00 UTC]]. * '''UK Online Safety Act''': The High Court of Justice has dismissed the [[foundationsite:2025/07/17/wikimedia-foundation-challenges-uk-online-safety-act-regulations/|Wikimedia Foundation's challenge to the UK's Online Safety Act (OSA) Categorisation Regulations]]. While the decision does not provide the immediate legal protections for Wikipedia that we hoped for, [[m:Wikimedia Forum#c-PBradley-WMF-20250811100200-PBradley-WMF-20250724174300|the Court’s ruling]] emphasized the responsibility of Ofcom and the UK government to ensure Wikipedia is protected as the OSA is implemented. '''Board and Board committee updates'''<br/><small>''See [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard|Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News|Affiliations Committee Newsletter]]''</small> * '''Affcom News''': Read [[m:Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 6|the latest issue of AffCom News (April-June 2025)]], the newsletter that distributes relevant news and events about the work of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee|Affiliations Committee]]. '''Other Movement curated newsletters & news'''<br/><small>''See also:'' [[diffblog:|Diff blog]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Goings-on|Goings-on]]&nbsp;· [https://en.planet.wikimedia.org/ Planet Wikimedia]&nbsp;· [[:w:en:WP:SIGNPOST|Signpost (en)]]&nbsp;· [[:w:de:Wikipedia:Kurier|Kurier (de)]]&nbsp;· [[wikt:fr:Wiktionnaire:Actualités|Actualités du Wiktionnaire (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Regards sur l'actualité de la Wikimedia|Regards sur l’actualité de la Wikimedia (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Wikimag|Wikimag (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News|Education]]&nbsp;· [[outreachwiki:Special:MyLanguage/GLAM/Newsletter|GLAM]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/The Wikipedia Library/Newsletter|The Wikipedia Library]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia News|Milestones]]&nbsp;· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates|Wikidata]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CEE/Newsletter|Central and Eastern Europe]]&nbsp;· [[:m:Newsletters|other newsletters]]</small> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;"> '''[[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|Subscribe or unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2025/15|Help translate]]''' For information about the Bulletin and to read previous editions, see the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|project page on Meta-Wiki]]. Let askcac[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|alt=(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org know if you have any feedback or suggestions for improvement! </div> </div> <section end="content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 19:39, 19 ga Augusta, 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RAdimer-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedia_Foundation_Bulletin&oldid=29138148 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin 2025 Issue 16</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="content" /> <div class="plainlinks"> [[File:Wikimedia Foundation logo - horizontal.svg|150px|right|class=skin-invert|link=]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here is a quick overview of highlights from the Wikimedia Foundation since our last issue on August 16. Please help [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2025/16|translate]].''</div> <div style="clear:both"></div> ---- [[File:WP25 Primary lockup black.png|thumb|250px|link=m:Wikipedia 25/Celebration toolkit|Wikipedia’s 25th birthday logo.|alt=Wikipedia 25 logo]] [[File:WP25 Birthday cake.gif|thumb|Wikipedia 25 Birthday cake|alt=Wikipedia 25 Birthday cake icon]] '''Upcoming and current events and conversations'''<br/><small>''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Let's Talk|Let's Talk]] continues''</small> *'''Wikimedia Futures Lab''': [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Futures Lab/Participation|Apply]] before Sep 4 to join [[diffblog:2025/08/18/announcement-and-call-for-application-wikimedia-futures-lab/|The Wikimedia Futures Lab]], the in-person convening hosted on January 30 – February 1, 2026 in Frankfurt, Germany with participants from affiliates, contributors and external experts, to learn more about global trends and discuss potential movement-wide responses. *'''Wikimania 2026''': The theme and date for [[m:Wikimania 2026/en|Wikimania 2026]] have been decided: Liberté, Équité, Fiabilité (Freedom, Equity, Reliability). This edition will take place in Paris, from July 21 to July 25, 2026. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Product & Technology OKRs|Infrastructure]]'''<br/><small>''See also newsletters: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Newsletter|Wikimedia Apps]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters|Growth]]&nbsp;· [[m:Research:Newsletter|Research]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Web team's projects|Web]]&nbsp;· [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech News]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Language and Internationalization Newsletter|Language and Internationalization]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Special:Newsletters|other newsletters on MediaWiki.org]]''</small> *'''Tech News''': Some of the latest updates from Tech News week [[diffblog:2025/08/19/tech-news-2025-week-34/|34]] and [[diffblog:2025/08/26/tech-news-2025-week-35/|35]]: An A/B test comparing two versions of the desktop donate link launched on testwiki and English Wikipedia for 0.1% of logged out users on the desktop site. The experiment will run for three weeks, ending on 12 September; Administrators can now access the [[m:Special:BlockedExternalDomains|Special:BlockedExternalDomains]] page from the [[m:Special:CommunityConfiguration|Special:CommunityConfiguration]] list page. This makes it easier to find. *'''Spread Wikilove, thank comments''': A new improvement was added to the "[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Feature summary|Discussion tools]]" [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|Beta feature]]; it is now possible to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Feature summary#Comment actions|thank a user for their comment]]. This new feature is released for a 3-months long test. *'''Community Wishlist''': Template authors can now use additional CSS properties, since the CSS sanitizer used by [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateStyles|TemplateStyles]] was updated. These improvements are a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Wishes/Allow use of modern CSS in templates by updating the TemplateStyles CSS sanitizer|Community Wishlist wish]]. *'''Wikipedia Mobile Apps:''' The Android app team has launched a new [[mw:Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/Customizable Donation Reminder Experiment|experiment]] in Italy that lets logged-out readers of Italian and English Wikipedia set their own donation reminders based on how often they read. This new approach responds to feedback from donors who say their motivation to give is tied to their reading habits. Instead of one-size-fits-all banners, readers can now choose reminders that fit their own usage, all while keeping their privacy intact. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals/Volunteer Support|Volunteer Support]]'''<br/><small>''See also blogs: [[diffblog:global-advocacy|Global Advocacy blog]] · [https://mailchi.mp/wikimedia/global-advocacy-policy-newsletter Global Advocacy Newsletter] · [https://wikimediapolicy.medium.com Policy blog] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WikiLearn#Stay updated|WikiLearn News]] · [[m:Special:AllEvents|list of movement events]]''</small> *'''Wikipedia 25''': [[diffblog:2025/08/26/resources-for-celebrating-wikipedias-25th-birthday/|To celebrate Wikipedia’s 25th birthday]], the Wikimedia Foundation is adding several resources to the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25|Wikipedia 25 Meta-Wiki hub]]. *'''The Wikipedia Library''': Collections from [[w:en:Dow Jones & Company|Dow Jones & Company]], including the [[w:en:The Wall Street Journal|The Wall Street Journal]], are now available to editors who are eligible for [[diffblog:2025/08/21/whats-new-in-the-wikipedia-library-april-june-2025/|The Wikipedia Library]]. *'''Don't Blink''': [[diffblog:2025/08/25/dont-blink-protecting-the-wikimedia-model-its-people-and-its-values-in-july-2025/|The latest developments]] from around the world about protecting the Wikimedia model, its people and its values. '''Board and Board committee updates'''<br/><small>''See [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard|Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News|Affiliations Committee Newsletter]]''</small> *'''Affiliate recognition''': [[listarchive:list/wikimedia-l@lists.wikimedia.org/message/HZSAJ3BK7G5KPVQWDYFSMJH2DZCE4GUB/|The recognition of new User Groups, Chapters, and Thematic Organizations is paused]] until March 31, 2026. *'''Board of Trustees selection''': [[listarchive:list/wikimedia-l@lists.wikimedia.org/message/52HHRA5RPTSKXIB76OSD3VCNYFUTGEH6/|The voting period for the upcoming Board selection process]] will now open on October 8 and close October 23. *'''New Board member''': [[foundationsite:news/2025/08/27/wikimedia-foundation-welcomes-incoming-board-trustee-mayree-clark/|Wikimedia Foundation welcomes incoming Board Trustee Mayree Clark]]. '''Other Movement curated newsletters & news'''<br/><small>''See also:'' [[diffblog:|Diff blog]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Goings-on|Goings-on]]&nbsp;· [https://en.planet.wikimedia.org/ Planet Wikimedia]&nbsp;· [[:w:en:WP:SIGNPOST|Signpost (en)]]&nbsp;· [[:w:de:Wikipedia:Kurier|Kurier (de)]]&nbsp;· [[wikt:fr:Wiktionnaire:Actualités|Actualités du Wiktionnaire (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Regards sur l'actualité de la Wikimedia|Regards sur l’actualité de la Wikimedia (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Wikimag|Wikimag (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News|Education]]&nbsp;· [[outreachwiki:Special:MyLanguage/GLAM/Newsletter|GLAM]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/The Wikipedia Library/Newsletter|The Wikipedia Library]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia News|Milestones]]&nbsp;· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates|Wikidata]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CEE/Newsletter|Central and Eastern Europe]]&nbsp;· [[:m:Newsletters|other newsletters]]</small> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;"> '''[[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|Subscribe or unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2025/16|Help translate]]''' For information about the Bulletin and to read previous editions, see the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|project page on Meta-Wiki]]. Let askcac[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|alt=(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org know if you have any feedback or suggestions for improvement! </div> </div> <section end="content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 18:13, 2 Satumba 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RAdimer-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedia_Foundation_Bulletin&oldid=29200713 --> == Abdulrahman Thaher == A baya kun goge labarin (Abdulrahman Thaher) saboda ikirarin cewa mutum daya ne ya rubuta labarin a ciki, amma idan kuka duba wanda ya kirkiro wannan labarin za ku tabbatar da cewa wani edita ne. don Allah a sake duba shi idan yana yiwuwa ainihin hanyar haɗin da aka goge shine https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdulrahman_Thaher mahaɗin wikidata shine https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20411708 [[Musamman:Contributions/&#126;2025-62492-3|&#126;2025-62492-3]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&#126;2025-62492-3|talk]]) 14:21, 16 Satumba 2025 (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin 2025 Issue 17</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="content" /> <div class="plainlinks"> [[File:Wikimedia Foundation logo - horizontal.svg|150px|right|class=skin-invert|link=]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here is a quick overview of highlights from the Wikimedia Foundation since our last issue on August 29. Please help [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2025/XX|translate]].''</div> <div style="clear:both"></div> ---- '''Upcoming and current events and conversations'''<br/><small>''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Let's Talk|Let's Talk]] continues''</small> *'''Wikimania 2026''': The scholarship application for Wikimania 2026 is open. [[wikimania:Special:MyLanguage/2026:Scholarships|Apply now]] by October 31. *'''Wikipedia 25''': [[m:Talk:Wikipedia 25#Help us find inspiring stories to share during birthday celebrations|Help us find inspiring stories]] to share during birthday celebrations by September 23. *'''Wikimedia Research Showcase''': "Readers and Readership Research" will be the featured theme for the next research showcase taking place on [[mw:Wikimedia Research/Showcase|September 24 at 16:30 UTC]]. *'''Update to banner and logo policies''': Feedback is requested on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Update to banner and logo policies|proposed policy and documentation updates]] regarding the use of banners and logos for advocacy purposes. *'''GLAM Wiki 2025''': [[m:Special:MyLanguage/GLAM Wiki 2025/Participate/Registration|The registration for GLAM Wiki Conference]] is open until September 30. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Product & Technology OKRs|Infrastructure]]'''<br/><small>''See also newsletters: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Newsletter|Wikimedia Apps]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters|Growth]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Product Safety and Integrity|Product Safety and Integrity]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Readers updates|Readers]]&nbsp;· [[m:Research:Newsletter|Research]]&nbsp;· [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech News]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Language and Internationalization Newsletter|Language and Internationalization]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Special:Newsletters|other newsletters on MediaWiki.org]]''</small> [[File:Cybersecurity.png|thumb|A better way to protect Wikimedia from malicious bots|alt=Cybersecurity]] *'''Better bot detection''': [[diffblog:2025/09/02/better-detecting-bots-and-replacing-our-captcha/|How we are improving bot detection and replacing our CAPTCHA]]. *'''Temporary Accounts''': [[mw:Help:Temporary accounts|Temporary accounts]] are now deployed to almost all wikis except the last 11. *'''User Info''': This [[mw:Product Safety and Integrity/Anti-abuse signals/User Info|new feature]] displays data related to a user account when you tap or click on the "user avatar" icon button next to a username. It's meant to be useful for different users with extended rights as well as newcomers. *'''Newsletter highlights''': The latest [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Newsletter updates#August 2025: Newsletter #1|Readers Newsletter]] is now available. It includes considerations about Wikipedia's declining pageviews in the recent years, how the Foundation and communities may work on addressing this together, and the formation of two new teams — Reader Growth and Reader Experience. *'''Activity Tab Experiment''': The Foundation launched an [[mw:Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/Activity Tab Experiment#How does this work fit into the Wikimedia Foundation's Annual Plan?|experiment testing a new Activity tab]] in the Wikipedia Android app to our beta testers. Instead of only showing editing activity, this tab also surfaces insights about reading and donation behavior. *'''Search Suggestions''': To make it easier for users to find articles, logged-out users on both desktop and mobile will see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Content Discovery Experiments/Search Suggestions|suggestions of articles]] for further reading on English Wikipedia beginning the week of September 22. All non-English wikis received this update in June and July. *'''Paste Check''': The Foundation is working on a new check: [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Paste check|Paste check]]. This check informs newcomers who paste text into Wikipedia that the content might not be accepted to ensure it is aligned with the Movement's values. This check will soon be tested at a few wikis. *'''CampaignEvents extension''': The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] has been enabled for all Wikisources. The extension makes it easier to organize and participate in collaborative activities, like edit-a-thons and WikiProjects, on the wikis. To request the extension for your wiki, visit the [[mw:Help:Extension:CampaignEvents/Deployment status|information page]]. *'''Structured Task''': The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a Link]] Structured Task has been fully released at English Wikipedia. This release is an important step in making editing more accessible for new contributors, especially on mobile. *'''Tech News''': Read more updates from Tech News week [[diffblog:2025/09/01/tech-news-2025-week-36/|36]] and [[diffblog:2025/09/09/tech-news-2025-week-37/|37]]. *'''Wikifunctions''': Wikifunctions is now [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-08-29|available on 65 Wiktionaries]] and has a new capability to [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-09-07|copy function calls from one Wikipedia to another]]. *'''Multilingual Contributors''': The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization|Language and Product Localisation team]] is launching a [[phab:T391045#11071277|CentralNotice campaign]] to attract multilingual contributors to specific Wikipedias. The campaign will feature regionally targeted banners to reach potential native speakers. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals/Volunteer Support|Volunteer Support]]'''<br/><small>''See also blogs: [[diffblog:global-advocacy|Global Advocacy blog]] · [https://mailchi.mp/wikimedia/global-advocacy-policy-newsletter Global Advocacy Newsletter] · [https://wikimediapolicy.medium.com Policy blog] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WikiLearn#Stay updated|WikiLearn News]] · [[m:Special:AllEvents|list of movement events]]''</small> *'''Global Resources''': [[diffblog:2025/09/08/introducing-the-interim-global-resource-distribution-committee/|Introducing the interim Global Resource Distribution Committee (GRDC)]]. *'''Funding the Movement''': [[diffblog:2025/09/02/funding-the-movement-key-takeaways-trends-and-lessons-from-fy-2024-2025-community-fund-grants/|Key Takeaways, Trends, and Lessons]] from FY 2024-2025 Community Fund Grants. *'''Open Indonesia''': Reflections on [[diffblog:2025/09/01/open-indonesia-energizing-the-open-knowledge-movement/|Open Indonesia]], an event in Bandung gathering communities dedicated to advancing open knowledge to build the country's Open Knowledge Roadmap. *'''WikiWomen*''': [[diffblog:2025/09/06/reflections-from-the-wikiwomen-summit-2025/|Reflections from the WikiWomen* Summit 2025]]. *'''Gender & AI''': Is Gendering AI Possible? [[diffblog:2025/09/03/is-gendering-ai-possible-reflections-from-the-2025-gendering-ai-conference/|Reflections from the 2025 Gendering AI Conference]]. *'''Wikipedia 25''': [[diffblog:2025/09/10/what-one-centenarian-contributor-can-teach-us-about-25-years-of-wikipedia/|What one centenarian can teach us about 25 years of Wikipedia]]. *'''Knowledge Equity Fund''': [[diffblog:2025/09/05/wikimedia-ghana-user-group-receives-knowledge-equity-fund-connected-grant/|Wikimedia Ghana User Group receives Knowledge Equity Fund Connected Grant]]. *'''Wikimania 2025''': [[diffblog:2025/09/03/eseap-first-timers-at-wikimania-nairobi/|ESEAP First Timers at Wikimania Nairobi]]. *'''César do Paço Lawsuit''': [https://medium.com/wikimedia-policy/what-happened-in-the-c%C3%A9sar-do-pa%C3%A7o-lawsuit-f91b7fb5e54b Update about a lawsuit in Portugal] and the Foundation's appeal to the European Court of Human Rights. *'''UK Online Safety Act''': [[foundationsite:news/2025/09/12/wikimedia-foundation-challenges-uk-online-safety-act-regulations/|The Wikimedia Foundation will not appeal]] the UK High Court’s decision to dismiss our challenge to the UK’s Online Safety Act (OSA) Categorisation Regulations. '''Board and Board committee updates'''<br/><small>''See [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard|Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News|Affiliations Committee Newsletter]]''</small> *'''August board meeting''': [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard/August 2025 Meeting Outcomes|Updates on]] board appointments and selection, CEO search, work to strengthen Wikipedia's approach to neutral point of view and updates on three pilots around more shared decision-making and shared accountability across the movement. *'''New Endowment board members''': [[foundationsite:news/2025/08/29/welcoming-new-wikimedia-endowment-board-members-kevin-bonebrake-and-ike-kier/|Welcoming New Wikimedia Endowment Board Members, Kevin Bonebrake and Ike Kier]]. '''Other Movement curated newsletters & news'''<br/><small>''See also:'' [[diffblog:|Diff blog]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Goings-on|Goings-on]]&nbsp;· [https://en.planet.wikimedia.org/ Planet Wikimedia]&nbsp;· [[:w:en:WP:SIGNPOST|Signpost (en)]]&nbsp;· [[:w:de:Wikipedia:Kurier|Kurier (de)]]&nbsp;· [[wikt:fr:Wiktionnaire:Actualités|Actualités du Wiktionnaire (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Regards sur l'actualité de la Wikimedia|Regards sur l’actualité de la Wikimedia (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Wikimag|Wikimag (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News|Education]]&nbsp;· [[outreachwiki:Special:MyLanguage/GLAM/Newsletter|GLAM]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/The Wikipedia Library/Newsletter|The Wikipedia Library]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia News|Milestones]]&nbsp;· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates|Wikidata]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CEE/Newsletter|Central and Eastern Europe]]&nbsp;· [[:m:Newsletters|other newsletters]]</small> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;"> '''[[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|Subscribe or unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2025/17|Help translate]]''' For information about the Bulletin and to read previous editions, see the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|project page on Meta-Wiki]]. Let askcac[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|class=skin-invert|link=|alt=(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org know if you have any feedback or suggestions for improvement! </div> </div> <section end="content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 01:04, 17 Satumba 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RAdimer-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedia_Foundation_Bulletin&oldid=29226349 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin 2025 Issue 18</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="content" /> <div class="plainlinks"> [[File:Wikimedia Foundation logo - horizontal.svg|150px|right|class=skin-invert|link=]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here is a quick overview of highlights from the Wikimedia Foundation since our last issue on September 13. Please help [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2025/18|translate]].''</div> <div style="clear:both"></div> ---- '''Upcoming and current events and conversations'''<br/><small>''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Let's Talk|Let's Talk]] continues''</small> *'''CEE Meeting''': [[m:Wikimedia CEE Meeting 2025|Wikimedia CEE Meeting 2025]] will be held in Thessaloniki, Greece, September 26-28. *'''Learning Clinic''': The next [[m:Grants:Knowledge Sharing/Connect/Calendar|Let's Connect Learning Clinic]] will talk about "Mastering the Capacity Exchange (CapX) Tool" and will take place on September 30 at 13:00 UTC. *'''Big Fat Brussels Meeting''': The tenth in-person gathering of Wikimedians enthusiastic in free knowledge advocacy, [[m:Wikimedia Europe/Advocacy/Big Fat Brussels Meeting X|Big Fat Brussels Meeting]], will take place on October 3-4. *'''Wikimedia Research Showcase''': "Celebrating 13 Years: Wikidata’s Role in Learning and Culture" will be the featured theme for the [[mw:Wikimedia Research/Showcase#October 2025|next research showcase]] taking place on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1760545800 October 15 at 16:30 UTC]. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Product & Technology OKRs|Infrastructure]]'''<br/><small>''See also newsletters: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Newsletter|Wikimedia Apps]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters|Growth]]&nbsp;· [[m:Research:Newsletter|Research]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Readers updates|Web]]&nbsp;· [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech News]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Language and Internationalization Newsletter|Language and Internationalization]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Special:Newsletters|other newsletters on MediaWiki.org]]''</small> [[File:Wikifunctions in 7 minutes.webm|thumbtime=0:01|thumb|Wikifunctions now available on 123 Wiktionaries]] *'''Tech News''': Read updates from Tech News week [[diffblog:2025/09/15/tech-news-2025-week-38/|38]] and [[diffblog:2025/09/22/tech-news-2025-week-39/|39]]. *'''Wikifunctions''': Wikifunctions is now available on [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-09-19|123 Wiktionary languages]] and have [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-09-12|more than 3,000 functions]] available. *'''Collaborative Contributions''': A new feature, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Collaborative contributions| called Collaborative Contributions]], allows editors to see the impact of their collaborative editing activities. It was [[m:Event:Connection learning session 2|live demoed earlier]] and you can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Collaborative contributions/Testing Version 1|follow instructions to test it out]]. *'''CampaignEvents extension''': The CampaignEvents extension was [[c:Special:AllEvents|deployed to Wikimedia Commons]] and all Wikisources -80+ wikis. *'''Event registration''': Starting the week of October 6, on [[git:operations/mediawiki-config/+/a2d2aaab9ace84280dd2f4c70a33bb69cd73850f/dblists/small.dblist|small]] and [[git:operations/mediawiki-config/+/a2d2aaab9ace84280dd2f4c70a33bb69cd73850f/dblists/medium.dblist|medium wikis]] that have the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] enabled, all autoconfirmed users will be able to use [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event Center/Registration|Event Registration]] as an organizer. No changes will be made for [[git:operations/mediawiki-config/+/a2d2aaab9ace84280dd2f4c70a33bb69cd73850f/dblists/large.dblist|large wikis]] unless requested in Phabricator. [[m:CampaignEvents/Proposal to grant autoconfirmed users on small and medium wikis the organizer access to the event registration tool|More information on Meta]]. *'''Search Suggestions:''' Upon clicking an empty search bar, logged-out users now see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Content Discovery Experiments/Search Suggestions|suggestions of articles for further reading]] on all Wikipedias, in order to make it easier for users to find articles. *'''Datacenter server switchover''': A successful [[diffblog:2025/03/12/hear-that-the-wikis-go-silent-twice-a-year/|datacenter server switchover backup test]] took place on September 24. *'''Activity Tab now on Android:''' Beta users of the Wikipedia Android app can now try the redesigned [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/Activity Tab Experiment|Activity tab]], which replaces the Edits tab. The new tab offers personalized insights into reading, editing, and donation activity, while simplifying navigation and making app use more engaging. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals/Volunteer Support|Volunteer Support]]'''<br/><small>''See also blogs: [[diffblog:global-advocacy|Global Advocacy blog]] · [https://mailchi.mp/wikimedia/global-advocacy-policy-newsletter Global Advocacy Newsletter] · [https://wikimediapolicy.medium.com Policy blog] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WikiLearn#Stay updated|WikiLearn News]] · [[m:Special:AllEvents|list of movement events]]''</small> *'''Banners & Logos policies''': The Wikimedia Foundation has published [[diffblog:2025/09/11/proposed-policies-related-to-the-use-of-banners-and-logo-changes-to-advocate-on-external-topics/|draft proposals for policies related to the use of banners and logo changes for advocacy purposes]]. *'''Wikipedia 25''': Wikimedia Foundation is creating [[m:Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments|playful, celebratory interventions]] on the [https://wikipedia.org/ Wikipedia portal page], the Wikipedia app, and potentially any interested Wikipedias to celebrate Wikipedia’s 25th birthday. Please [[m:Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments#We need your input:|share your inputs]] and add your username on the [[m:Talk:Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments#Do you have ideas for other fun Easter eggs that work within the concept brief?|Talk page]] if you think your community would be interested in participating. *'''Regional Funds''': [[diffblog:2025/09/18/welcoming-new-eseap-regional-funds-committee-members/|Welcoming new ESEAP Regional Funds Committee Members]]. *'''Peer Learning''': [[diffblog:2025/09/21/kujifunza-pamoja-lets-connect-at-wikimania-nairobi-2025/|Reflections from Let’s Connect at Wikimania Nairobi 2025]]. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals/Effectiveness|Effectiveness]]'''<br/><small>''See also: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2024-2025/Progress|Progress on the annual plan]]''</small> *'''Enterprise''': [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/parsed-wikipedia-tables/ Structured Contents now supports Wikipedia tables as structured JSON]. '''Board and Board committee updates'''<br/><small>''See [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard|Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News|Affiliations Committee Newsletter]]''</small> *'''Wikimedia Georgia''': [[diffblog:2025/09/19/wikimedia-georgia-becomes-the-newest-wikimedia-chapter/|Wikimedia Georgia becomes the newest Wikimedia Chapter.]] '''Foundation statements''' *'''Knowledge integrity''': The Wikimedia Foundation launches [[foundationsite:news/2025/09/18/keeping-information-reliable/|a new series that explores how Wikipedia can inspire new standards of knowledge integrity for our times]]. '''Highlights from other Movement curated newsletters & news'''<br/><small>''See also:'' [[diffblog:|Diff blog]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Goings-on|Goings-on]]&nbsp;· [https://en.planet.wikimedia.org/ Planet Wikimedia]&nbsp;· [[:w:en:WP:SIGNPOST|Signpost (en)]]&nbsp;· [[:w:de:Wikipedia:Kurier|Kurier (de)]]&nbsp;· [[wikt:fr:Wiktionnaire:Actualités|Actualités du Wiktionnaire (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Regards sur l'actualité de la Wikimedia|Regards sur l’actualité de la Wikimedia (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Wikimag|Wikimag (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News|Education]]&nbsp;· [[outreachwiki:Special:MyLanguage/GLAM/Newsletter|GLAM]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/The Wikipedia Library/Newsletter|The Wikipedia Library]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia News|Milestones]]&nbsp;· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates|Wikidata]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CEE/Newsletter|Central and Eastern Europe]]&nbsp;· [[:m:Newsletters|other newsletters]]</small> *'''National award''': Wikipedian and current chair of Wikimedia Deutschland, Alice Wiegand, receives the [https://blog.wikimedia.de/2025/09/19/wikipedianerin-alice-wiegand-erhaelt-bundesverdienstkreuz-wikimedia-deutschland-gratuliert-zu-besonderer-ehrung/ Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany] for her voluntary commitment to Wikipedia and the global Wikimedia movement. *'''Supporting admins and patrollers''': Motivating, training and networking – [[diffblog:2025/09/22/motivating-training-and-networking-wikimedia-ukraines-plan-to-support-wikipedia-admins-and-patrollers/| Wikimedia Ukraine’s plan to support Wikipedia admins and patrollers]]. *'''Wikimania roundup''': A [https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2025-09-05#Wikimania_! roundup of Wikimania and this year's Wikimedians of the year] by the French-speaking community's newsletter, ''Regards sur l’actualité du mouvement Wikimédia'' (Views on Wikimedia movement's events, or RAW). <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;"> '''[[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|Subscribe or unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2025/18|Help translate]]''' For information about the Bulletin and to read previous editions, see the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|project page on Meta-Wiki]]. Let askcac[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|alt=(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org know if you have any feedback or suggestions for improvement! </div> </div> <section end="content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 16:27, 30 Satumba 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RAdimer-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedia_Foundation_Bulletin&oldid=29349834 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin 2025 Issue 19</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="content" /> <div class="plainlinks"> [[File:Wikimedia Foundation logo - horizontal.svg|150px|right|class=skin-invert|link=]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here is a quick overview of highlights from the Wikimedia Foundation since our last issue on September 26. Please help [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2025/19|translate]].''</div> <div style="clear:both"></div> ---- '''Upcoming and current events and conversations'''<br/><small>''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Let's Talk|Let's Talk]] continues''</small> *'''Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees Selection''': [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard/October 2025 update|Announcement of the final ballot]] for the 2025 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees election and [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard/October 2025 update#More answers on the Board's decision on the 2025 final ballot|more answers about the decision]]. Eligible voters can [[votewiki:Special:SecurePoll/vote/1864|vote between October 8 – October 23]]. *'''Wikipedia 25''': Are you planning to organize events to celebrate [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25|Wikipedia's 25th birthday]]? The Wikimedia Foundation offers grants to support active Wikimedia groups in organizing short-term, low-cost projects to celebrate this milestone. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Grants|Applications are open until November 1]]. *'''WikiConference North America 2025''': [[m:WikiConference North America|WikiConference North America]] will take place from October 16–19 in New York City, USA. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Product & Technology OKRs|Infrastructure]]'''<br/><small>''See also newsletters: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Newsletter|Wikimedia Apps]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters|Growth]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Product Safety and Integrity|Product Safety and Integrity]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Readers updates|Readers]]&nbsp;· [[m:Research:Newsletter|Research]]&nbsp;· [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech News]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Language and Internationalization Newsletter|Language and Internationalization]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Special:Newsletters|other newsletters on MediaWiki.org]]''</small> [[File:Accessibility for reading mockup with dark mode on.png|thumb|Dark Mode will soon be available on all Wikimedia sites.]] *'''Mobile Editing''': [[diffblog:2025/09/26/insights-on-mobile-web-editing-on-wikipedia-in-2025-part-i/|Insights on mobile web editing]] on Wikipedia in 2025 are now available. This report highlights that ~95% of IP mobile users editing via wikitext open the editor but make no changes at all, a vast untapped potential. It also pinpoints where contributors most often drop off. *'''Dark Mode''': [[mw:Reading/Web/Accessibility for reading/Updates/2024-04|Dark Mode]] user interface will be rolled out on all Wikimedia sites on October 29. All anonymous users of Wikimedia sites will have the option to activate a color scheme that features light-colored text on a dark background. This is designed to provide a more comfortable reading experience, especially in low-light situations. *'''Community wishlist extension:''' [[m:Community Wishlist/Updates#September 25, 2025: A new extension for the Community Wishlist|The new Community Wishlist extension has been released]]. This will allow users to add tags to their wishes to better categorise them, and (in a future iteration) to filter them by status, tags and focus areas. It will also be possible to support individual wishes again, as requested by the community in many instances. *'''Paste Check''': [[phab:T403680|22 Wikis are now testing]] a new Edit Check feature, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#paste|Paste Check]], to help avoid and fight copyright violations. When editors paste text into an article, Paste Check prompts them to confirm the origin and licensing of the content. *'''Tone Check''': The Wikimedia Foundation is working on a new check for newcomers: [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Tone Check|Tone check]]. Using a prediction model, this check will encourage editors to improve the tone of their edits. *'''Search Suggestions''': [[mw:Reading/Web/Content Discovery Experiments/Search Suggestions|Search Suggestions was deployed on English Wikipedia]]. Upon clicking an empty search bar, logged-out users see suggestions of articles for further reading. The feature is available on both desktop and mobile. *'''Unsupported Tools Working Group''': A new [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Unsupported Tools Working Group|Unsupported Tools Working Group]] has been formed to help prioritize and review requests for support of unmaintained extensions, gadgets, bots, and tools. The group has chosen [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Video2commons|Video2Commons]] as the first tool for its pilot cycle. The group will explore ways to improve and sustain the tool over the coming months. *'''Tech News''': Read updates from Tech News week [[diffblog:2025/09/29/tech-news-2025-week-40/|40]] and [[diffblog:2025/10/06/tech-news-2025-week-41/|41]] including about [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|Sub-referencing]] – a new feature to re-use references with different details. *'''Wikimedia Research Showcase''': Don't miss the next Wikimedia Research Showcase, "Celebrating 13 Years: Wikidata's Role in Learning and Culture" taking place on [[mw:Wikimedia Research/Showcase|October 15 at 16:30 UTC]]. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals/Volunteer Support|Volunteer Support]]'''<br/><small>''See also blogs: [[diffblog:global-advocacy|Global Advocacy blog]] · [https://mailchi.mp/wikimedia/global-advocacy-policy-newsletter Global Advocacy Newsletter] · [https://wikimediapolicy.medium.com Policy blog] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WikiLearn#Stay updated|WikiLearn News]] · [[m:Special:AllEvents|list of movement events]]''</small> *'''Wikimania''': Wikimania Nairobi has been featured in [[diffblog:2025/10/01/coverage-of-wikimania-nairobi-from-east-africa-to-the-world/|more than 100 stories across community platforms and international media outlets]]. *'''Wikifunctions''': [[f:Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-10-03|Rich text is now available for embedded Wikifunctions calls]] across the 150 wikis where it’s enabled. *'''WikiLearn''': [[diffblog:2025/10/05/wikilearn-news-october-2025/|New Wikipedia online courses]] you can join to strengthen your Wikimedia editing skills. *'''Human Rights''': Making sure AI serves people and knowledge stays human: Wikimedia Foundation publishes a [[diffblog:2025/09/30/making-sure-ai-serves-people-and-knowledge-stays-human-wikimedia-foundation-publishes-a-human-rights-impact-assessment-on-the-interaction-of-ai-and-machine-learning-with-wikimedia-projects/|Human Rights Impact Assessment]] on the interaction of AI and machine learning with Wikimedia projects. *'''Don't blink''': [[diffblog:2025/09/30/dont-blink-protecting-the-wikimedia-model-its-people-and-its-values-in-august-2025/|The latest developments]] from around the world about protecting the Wikimedia model, its people and its values. *'''Digital Safety & Privacy''': [[diffblog:2025/10/02/frequently-asked-questions-about-our-legal-work/|Frequently Asked Questions]] about Wikimedia Foundation's Legal Work. *'''Transparency Report''': Wikimedia Foundation publishes its [[diffblog:2025/09/30/the-wikimedia-foundations-latest-transparency-report-4/|Latest Transparency Report]]. *'''Privacy Policy''': The [[foundation:Policy:Privacy policy|Wikimedia Foundation Privacy Policy]] is getting [[listarchive:list/wikimedia-l@lists.wikimedia.org/message/LEJCT6LFF35F6NW5TPSPZ7NOWNIBUHPO/|a minor update]] in preparation for Temporary Accounts. *'''Learning Clinic''': Join the next Let's Connect Learning Clinic on the topic of "Mastering the Capacity Exchange (CapX) Tool (Part 2)" taking place on [[m:Grants:Knowledge Sharing/Connect/Calendar|October 20 at 17:00 UTC]]. '''Foundation statements''' *'''Knowledge integrity''': [[foundationsite:news/2025/10/02/the-3-building-blocks-of-trustworthy-information-lessons-from-wikipedia/|Lessons from Wikipedia on the 3 building blocks of trustworthy information]]. This is part of the new series from the Wikimedia Foundation that explores how Wikipedia can inspire new standards of knowledge integrity for our times. '''Other Movement curated newsletters & news'''<br/><small>''See also:'' [[diffblog:|Diff blog]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Goings-on|Goings-on]]&nbsp;· [https://en.planet.wikimedia.org/ Planet Wikimedia]&nbsp;· [[:w:en:WP:SIGNPOST|Signpost (en)]]&nbsp;· [[:w:de:Wikipedia:Kurier|Kurier (de)]]&nbsp;· [[wikt:fr:Wiktionnaire:Actualités|Actualités du Wiktionnaire (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Regards sur l'actualité de la Wikimedia|Regards sur l’actualité de la Wikimedia (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Wikimag|Wikimag (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News|Education]]&nbsp;· [[outreachwiki:Special:MyLanguage/GLAM/Newsletter|GLAM]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/The Wikipedia Library/Newsletter|The Wikipedia Library]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia News|Milestones]]&nbsp;· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates|Wikidata]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CEE/Newsletter|Central and Eastern Europe]]&nbsp;· [[:m:Newsletters|other newsletters]]</small> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;"> '''[[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|Subscribe or unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2025/19|Help translate]]''' For information about the Bulletin and to read previous editions, see the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|project page on Meta-Wiki]]. Let askcac[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|alt=(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org know if you have any feedback or suggestions for improvement! </div> </div> <section end="content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 14:50, 14 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RAdimer-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedia_Foundation_Bulletin&oldid=29437761 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin 2025 Issue 20</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="content" /> <div class="plainlinks"> [[File:Wikimedia Foundation logo - horizontal.svg|150px|right|class=skin-invert|link=]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here is a quick overview of highlights from the Wikimedia Foundation since our last issue on October 11. Please help [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2025/20|translate]].''</div> <div style="clear:both"></div> ---- '''Upcoming and current events and conversations'''<br/><small>''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Let's Talk|Let's Talk]] continues''</small> *'''Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees selection''': [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard/October 2025 update#Additional perspectives on current and future board selection processes|Additional perspectives on current and future board selection processes]]. *'''Global trends''': We are seeing 8% declines in human page views on Wikipedia as some users don't directly visit Wikipedia to get information. [[diffblog:2025/10/17/new-user-trends-on-wikipedia/|Learn about this new user trend]], how the Wikimedia Foundation anticipate these changes, and how you can help. *'''WECUDI 2025''': The second conference of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WECUDI2025|Wikimedia, Education, and Digital Cultures]] will be held from October 29–31 in Mexico City, Mexico. *'''GLAM Conference:''' [[m:Special:MyLanguage/GLAM Wiki 2025|Wiki GLAM Culture and Heritage Conference (WGCHC)]] will take place on 30 October – 1 November in Lisbon, Portugal. *'''WikidataCon 2025''': [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Event:WikidataCon 2025|WikidataCon 2025]] will take place online from October 31 – November 2. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Product & Technology OKRs|Infrastructure]]'''<br/><small>''See also newsletters: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Newsletter|Wikimedia Apps]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters|Growth]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Product Safety and Integrity|Product Safety and Integrity]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Readers updates|Readers]]&nbsp;· [[m:Research:Newsletter|Research]]&nbsp;· [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech News]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Language and Internationalization Newsletter|Language and Internationalization]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Special:Newsletters|other newsletters on MediaWiki.org]]''</small> [[File:Abstract Wikipedia and wiki of functions.webm|thumbtime=0:10|thumb|The naming contest for the new Wikimedia project, known until now as Abstract Wikipedia, is ongoing. ]] *'''Making it easier to say thanks''': Users on most wikis will now have [[diffblog:2025/10/13/revolutionizing-gratitude-a-new-era-of-thanking-comments/|the ability to thank a comment directly]] from the talk page it appears on. Before this change, thanking could only be done by visiting the revision history of the talk page. *'''Account security''': Improvements to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security|account security]] and two-factor authentication (2FA) features were enabled across all wikis. Another part of the project is making 2FA generally available to all users. Along with editors with advanced privileges, such as administrators and bureaucrats, 40% of editors now have access to 2FA. You can check if you have access at [https://auth.wikimedia.org/metawiki/wiki/Special:AccountSecurity Special:AccountSecurity]. *'''Abstract Wikipedia''': [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|The naming contest]] for the new Wikimedia project, known until now as Abstract Wikipedia, is ongoing. [[m:Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest/First round voting|Voting is now open until November 3]]. *'''Tech News''': Read updates from Tech News week [[diffblog:2025/10/13/tech-news-2025-week-42/|42]] and [[diffblog:2025/10/20/tech-news-2025-week-42-2/|43]] including the community-submitted tasks that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. *'''Wikimedia apps''': The Wikipedia iOS App launched an A/B/C test of improvements to the [[mw:Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS/Tabbed Browsing (Tabs)/New Tab Experience and Recommendations Experiment|Tabbed browsing feature]] into Beta for select regions & languages. Called ''“More dynamic tabs”'', the experiment adds user-requested improvements and introduces article recommendations within the tabs overview, showing “Did you know” or “Because you read” content depending on how many tabs are open. * '''CampaignEvents extension:''' [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|Campaignevents extension]] will be deployed to all remaining wikis during the week of 17 November 2025. The extension currently includes three features: ''Event Registration, Collaboration List, and Invitation List''. For this rollout, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Invitation list|Invitation List]] will not be enabled on Wikifunctions and MediaWiki unless requested by those communities. * '''Event registration tool:''' Autoconfirmed users on [[Git:operations/mediawiki-config/+/a2d2aaab9ace84280dd2f4c70a33bb69cd73850f/dblists/small.dblist|small]] and [[Git:operations/mediawiki-config/+/a2d2aaab9ace84280dd2f4c70a33bb69cd73850f/dblists/medium.dblist|medium wikis]] with the extension can now use [[m:Event_Center/Registration|Event Registration]] without the Event Organizer right. This feature lets organizers enable registration, manage participants, and lets users register with one click instead of signing event pages. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals/Volunteer Support|Volunteer Support]]'''<br/><small>''See also blogs: [[diffblog:global-advocacy|Global Advocacy blog]] · [https://mailchi.mp/wikimedia/global-advocacy-policy-newsletter Global Advocacy Newsletter] · [https://wikimediapolicy.medium.com Policy blog] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WikiLearn#Stay updated|WikiLearn News]] · [[m:Special:AllEvents|list of movement events]]''</small> *'''Digital safety''': Explore how you can help make Wikimedia safer by taking our new self-paced course, [[diffblog:2025/10/10/wikilearn-course-safety-for-young-wikimedians/|Safety for Young Wikimedians]]. *'''Wikimedia Core Curriculum''': The Wikimedia Foundation has developed [[listarchive:list/wikimedia-l@lists.wikimedia.org/message/5LWTEKBENPBR3GVI2LLIPVXFFO26XNTU/|seven online video learning modules]] covering the core English Wikipedia policies. You are invited to use, adapt, and translate the course. *'''Advocacy''': The Wikimedia Foundation has signed [https://www.gp-digital.org/ten-steps-to-strengthen-stakeholder-engagement-in-the-wsis20-intergovernmental-phase/ onto a statement] that calls on governments and UN bodies to keep discussions about the future of internet governance accessible to non-government actors like industry and civil society. This statement is part of ongoing joint advocacy with affiliates to influence UN discussions about the future of internet governance such as the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global Digital Compact Wikimedia Advocacy Collaboration 2024|Global Digital Compact campaign]] and [https://www.gp-digital.org/everything-you-need-to-know-about-the-wsis20-review/ WSIS+20] deliberations. *'''GLAM:''' The Wikimedia Foundation and several affiliates have signed onto the [https://medium.com/wikimedia-policy/wikimedia-foundation-signs-the-open-heritage-statement-a-global-call-for-unrestricted-access-to-663931374067 Open Heritage Statement], which supports galleries, libraries, archives, and museums (GLAM institutions) to have the legal rights they need to collect, preserve, and provide access to cultural heritage. '''Foundation statements''' *'''How Wikipedia works''': [[foundationsite:news/2025/10/10/wikimedia-foundation-responds-to-questions-about-how-wikipedia-works/|Wikimedia Foundation responds to questions about how Wikipedia works]]. '''Other Movement curated newsletters & news'''<br/><small>''See also:'' [[diffblog:|Diff blog]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Goings-on|Goings-on]]&nbsp;· [https://en.planet.wikimedia.org/ Planet Wikimedia]&nbsp;· [[:w:en:WP:SIGNPOST|Signpost (en)]]&nbsp;· [[:w:de:Wikipedia:Kurier|Kurier (de)]]&nbsp;· [[wikt:fr:Wiktionnaire:Actualités|Actualités du Wiktionnaire (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Regards sur l'actualité de la Wikimedia|Regards sur l’actualité de la Wikimedia (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Wikimag|Wikimag (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News|Education]]&nbsp;· [[outreachwiki:Special:MyLanguage/GLAM/Newsletter|GLAM]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/The Wikipedia Library/Newsletter|The Wikipedia Library]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia News|Milestones]]&nbsp;· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates|Wikidata]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CEE/Newsletter|Central and Eastern Europe]]&nbsp;· [[:m:Newsletters|other newsletters]]</small> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;"> '''[[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|Subscribe or unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2025/20|Help translate]]''' For information about the Bulletin and to read previous editions, see the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|project page on Meta-Wiki]]. Let askcac[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|alt=(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org know if you have any feedback or suggestions for improvement! </div> </div> <section end="content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 16:09, 28 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RAdimer-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedia_Foundation_Bulletin&oldid=29511411 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin 2025 Issue 21</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="content" /> <div class="plainlinks"> [[File:Wikimedia Foundation logo - horizontal.svg|150px|right|class=skin-invert|link=]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here is a quick overview of highlights from the Wikimedia Foundation since our last issue on October 24. Please help [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2025/21|translate]].''</div> <div style="clear:both"></div> ---- '''Upcoming and current events and conversations'''<br/><small>''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Let's Talk|Let's Talk]] continues''</small>[[File:Gran Torre Santiago (26058231758).jpg|thumb|Wikimania Santiago will happen in 2027.]] *'''Wikimania 2027''': Santiago, Chile is announced as the location for [[diffblog:2025/11/04/wikimania-2027-location-announcement/|Wikimania 2027]]. The annual conference returns to Latin America after more than 10 years, following previous editions in Buenos Aires (2009) and Mexico City (2015). *'''Wikidata recognized as a Digital Public Good''': [[foundationsite:news/2025/10/29/wikipedia-recognized-as-a-digital-public-good/|Wikidata became the second Wikimedia project to be officially recognized as a digital public good by the Digital Public Goods Alliance]]. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Product & Technology OKRs|Infrastructure]]'''<br/><small>''See also newsletters: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Newsletter|Wikimedia Apps]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters|Growth]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Product Safety and Integrity|Product Safety and Integrity]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Readers updates|Readers]]&nbsp;· [[m:Research:Newsletter|Research]]&nbsp;· [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech News]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Language and Internationalization Newsletter|Language and Internationalization]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Special:Newsletters|other newsletters on MediaWiki.org]]''</small> *'''Tech News''': Read updates from Tech News week [[diffblog:2025/10/27/tech-news-2025-week-44/|44]] and [[diffblog:2025/11/03/tech-news-2025-week-45/|45]] including the community-submitted tasks that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. *'''Activity Tab''': The Wikipedia Android app expands the new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/Activity Tab Experiment|Activity tab]] to all users. It offers a complete view of your Wikipedia activity: reading time, saved articles, edits, and donation history (for known donors). This change aims to make Wikipedia a more engaging experience for readers and contributors alike, while keeping all personal data private and stored locally on your device. *'''Tabbed browsing''': [[diffblog:2025/10/27/new-on-the-wikipedia-app-for-ios-tabbed-browsing-tabs/|Tabbed browsing]] is now available on the Wikipedia App for iOS. Tabs will let you keep more than one article open at a time, making it easier to explore complex topics, follow links without losing your place, and pick up where you left off. *'''CampaignEvents extension''': Autoconfirmed users on [[git:operations/mediawiki-config/+/a2d2aaab9ace84280dd2f4c70a33bb69cd73850f/dblists/small.dblist|small]] and [[git:operations/mediawiki-config/+/a2d2aaab9ace84280dd2f4c70a33bb69cd73850f/dblists/medium.dblist|medium wikis]] with the CampaignEvents extension can now use [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event Center/Registration|Event Registration]] without the Event Organizer right. This feature lets organizers enable registration, manage participants, and lets users register with one click instead of signing event pages. *'''Image browsing''': The Wikimedia Foundation launched [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/WE3.1.3 Image Browsing|image browsing]], an experiment that puts images on top of your Wikipedia article reading journey, on Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Indonesian, and Vietnamese Wikipedias. *'''Temporary accounts''': [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|Temporary Accounts]] are now enabled on 1,000+ projects including English Wikipedia. *'''Abstract Wikipedia naming contest''': [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-10-29|The first round of “abstract content wiki” naming vote has ended]] and the first legal review had begun to determine the 6 names that will make it to the second round on November 17. *'''Wikifunctions''': [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Wikifunctions deployment|Wikifunctions is now deployed across 12 Wiktionaries and 4 Wikipedias]]. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals/Volunteer Support|Volunteer Support]]'''<br/><small>''See also blogs: [[diffblog:global-advocacy|Global Advocacy blog]] · [https://mailchi.mp/wikimedia/global-advocacy-policy-newsletter Global Advocacy Newsletter] · [https://wikimediapolicy.medium.com Policy blog] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WikiLearn#Stay updated|WikiLearn News]] · [[m:Special:AllEvents|list of movement events]]''</small> [[File:Digital-first-aid-kit.png|thumb|150px| [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Community Resilience and Sustainability/Human Rights/Digital Security Resources|Digital Safety Resource Center]] provides tips and tools to protect yourself online.]] *'''Privacy in Wikipedia research''': The Wikimedia Foundation published [https://osf.io/preprints/osf/uyxnf_v2 Privacy in Public: Navigating Research, Personal Data, and Safety on Wikipedia], a whitepaper which guides researchers in navigating privacy of Wikipedia editors in their research. [[diffblog:2025/11/02/privacy-in-public-a-new-whitepaper-on-privacy-in-wikipedia-research/|Read the highlights and key takeaways for researchers and Wikipedians]]. *'''Digital Safety''': The Wikimedia Foundation is launching [[listarchive:list/wikimedia-l@lists.wikimedia.org/message/QYTDJWIAVWVXTSGCDHYD2SG4LZN4UTE6/|Digital Safety Office Hours]] to explore how to stay safe digitally, what does digital safety mean, what extra precautions can Wikimedians take. The first session will take place on November 28 at 9 AM and 7 PM UTC. Check out also our [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Community Resilience and Sustainability/Human Rights/Digital Security Resources|Digital Safety Resources Center]] to learn practical tips and tools you can use immediately. *'''Volunteer roles for movement governance''': The Movement governance committees are seeking new volunteers to support essential and high-impact work across the Wikimedia ecosystem. The current appointment cycle is open for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee|AffCom]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ombuds commission|Ombuds Commission]], and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Community Resilience and Sustainability/Trust and Safety/Case Review Committee|Case Review Committee]]. Applications for these committees will remain open until December 11. The team will host a community conversation on [[m:Event:2025 Committee appointments conversation hour 2|November 26]], at 3 AM UTC. *'''Don't Blink''': [[diffblog:2025/10/26/dont-blink-protecting-the-wikimedia-model-its-people-and-its-values-in-september-2025/|The latest developments]] from around the world about protecting the Wikimedia model, its people and its values. *'''Wikimedia Core Curriculum''': Want to learn how to edit Wikipedia? – A [[diffblog:2025/10/24/a-new-core-curriculum-seven-comprehensive-video-modules-from-the-wikimedia-foundation-for-beginners/|new '''free''' self-paced course, all in video with subtitles]], is available from the Wikimedia Foundation! '''Foundation statements''' *'''Transparency builds trust''': [[foundationsite:news/2025/10/22/transparency-builds-trust/|The latest edition from the series "Lessons from Wikipedia"]] explores how deep transparency has helped make Wikipedia one of the most trusted sources on the internet. '''Other Movement curated newsletters & news'''<br/><small>''See also:'' [[diffblog:|Diff blog]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Goings-on|Goings-on]]&nbsp;· [https://en.planet.wikimedia.org/ Planet Wikimedia]&nbsp;· [[:w:en:WP:SIGNPOST|Signpost (en)]]&nbsp;· [[:w:de:Wikipedia:Kurier|Kurier (de)]]&nbsp;· [[wikt:fr:Wiktionnaire:Actualités|Actualités du Wiktionnaire (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Regards sur l'actualité de la Wikimedia|Regards sur l’actualité de la Wikimedia (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Wikimag|Wikimag (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News|Education]]&nbsp;· [[outreachwiki:Special:MyLanguage/GLAM/Newsletter|GLAM]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/The Wikipedia Library/Newsletter|The Wikipedia Library]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia News|Milestones]]&nbsp;· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates|Wikidata]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CEE/Newsletter|Central and Eastern Europe]]&nbsp;· [[:m:Newsletters|other newsletters]]</small> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;"> '''[[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|Subscribe or unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2025/21|Help translate]]''' For information about the Bulletin and to read previous editions, see the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|project page on Meta-Wiki]]. Let askcac[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|alt=(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org know if you have any feedback or suggestions for improvement! </div> </div> <section end="content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 23:05, 12 Nuwamba, 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RAdimer-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedia_Foundation_Bulletin&oldid=29590086 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin 2025 Issue 22</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="content" /> <div class="plainlinks"> [[File:Wikimedia Foundation logo - horizontal.svg|150px|right|class=skin-invert|link=]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here is a quick overview of highlights from the Wikimedia Foundation since our last issue on November 7. Please help [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2025/22|translate]].''</div> <div style="clear:both"></div> ---- '''Upcoming and current events and conversations'''<br/><small>''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Let's Talk|Let's Talk]] continues''</small> [[File:Wikipedia 25 graphic with dancer and protractor.png|thumb|link=diffblog:2025/11/10/wikipedia-is-turning-25-older-wiser-and-now-fully-referenced-citation-needed/|Join the celebration for Wikipedia’s 25th virtual birthday party.]] *'''Board election:''' The [[m:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Results|2025 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees vote]] has elected two new trustees, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Candidates/Bobby Shabangu|Bobby Shabangu]] ([[m:User:Bobbyshabangu|Bobbyshabangu]]) and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Candidates/Michał Buczyński|Michał Buczyński]] ([[m:User:Aegis Maelstrom|Aegis Maelstrom]]), who will be appointed at the next Board meeting in December 2025. *'''Wikipedia 25''': Wikipedia is turning 25 and it’s time to party! Register now for [[diffblog:2025/11/10/wikipedia-is-turning-25-older-wiser-and-now-fully-referenced-citation-needed/|Wikipedia’s 25th virtual birthday bash]] on 15 January at 16:00 UTC. *'''Wikimedia Hackathon''': The [[mw:Wikimedia Hackathon 2026|2026 Wikimedia Hackathon]] will be taking place in person May 1 - 3, 2026 in Milan, Italy. [https://pretix.eu/wikimedia/Hackathon-2026/ Scholarship applications are open] until November 28. *'''Language Community:''' [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Community meetings#28 November 2025|The next language community meeting]] will be held on November 28 at 16:00 UTC. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Product & Technology OKRs|Infrastructure]]'''<br/><small>''See also newsletters: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Newsletter|Wikimedia Apps]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters|Growth]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Product Safety and Integrity|Product Safety and Integrity]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Readers updates|Readers]]&nbsp;· [[m:Research:Newsletter|Research]]&nbsp;· [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech News]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Language and Internationalization Newsletter|Language and Internationalization]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Special:Newsletters|other newsletters on MediaWiki.org]]''</small> *'''Tech News''': Some of the latest updates from Tech News week [[diffblog:2025/11/10/tech-news-2025-week-46/|46]] and [[diffblog:2025/11/17/tech-news-2025-week-47/|47:]] Wikimedia Foundation is experimentating with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/WE3.3.4 Reading lists|reading lists on mobile web]], allowing logged-in readers with no edits to save private lists of articles for later; One new wiki has been created: a Wikisource in [https://min.wikisource.org/wiki/Palanta Minangkabau]. *'''Wikifunctions''': The second round of voting for naming the wiki with abstract content is kicking off with [[wikifunctions:Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-11-13|six name proposals to vote for]]. *'''Reference check''': The A/B test for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Reference Check|reference check]] has begun on English Wikipedia and will run until December 17. This is a feature which prompts new editors to add citations before they publish an edit adding content to an article. *'''Image browsing''': Wikimedia Foundation is launching an experiment called "[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/WE3.1.3 Image Browsing|Image browsing]]" to test how to make it easier for readers to browse and discover images on Wikipedia articles. This experiment, a mobile-only A/B test, is taking place on on Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Indonesian, and Vietnamese wikis, affecting a small number of users. *'''CampaignEvents extension''': [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|Campaign events extension]] is now available on all Wikimedia wikis. The extension offers tools for running and coordinating events and other on-wiki collaborations. These features include ''Event Registration, Collaboration List, and Invitation List'', plus a new feature, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Collaborative contributions|Collaborative contribution]], which helps organizers and participants see the impact of their collaborative activities. Join the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Connection learning session 3|upcoming learning session]] to see the new feature in action and share your feedback. *'''Dark Mode:''' Dark mode is now available on all Wikimedia projects for all anonymous users! This enhancement aims to deliver a more enjoyable reading experience, especially in dimly lit environments. [[mw:Manual:Dark_mode|Learn how to activate this feature]]. *'''Wikimedia Apps''': [[mw:Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/Activity Tab Experiment|The Activity tab]] in the Wikipedia Android app is now available for all users. The new tab offers personalized insights into reading, editing, and donation activity, while simplifying navigation and making app use more engaging. *'''Usability Improvements:''' [[diffblog:2024/05/02/making-talk-pages-better-for-everyone/|Improvements for talk pages]] is being [[phab:T409297|rolled out]]. Users can opt out of these changes [[m:Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing|in their user preferences]] in “Show discussion activity.” '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals/Volunteer Support|Volunteer Support]]'''<br/><small>''See also blogs: [[diffblog:global-advocacy|Global Advocacy blog]] · [https://mailchi.mp/wikimedia/global-advocacy-policy-newsletter Global Advocacy Newsletter] · [https://wikimediapolicy.medium.com Policy blog] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WikiLearn#Stay updated|WikiLearn News]] · [[m:Special:AllEvents|list of movement events]]''</small> *'''Wikipedia 25 Press toolkit''': Wikimedia Foundation is providing [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Celebration toolkit/Press|press toolkit]] as guidance and resources to Wikimedia volunteers and affiliates to spread the word about Wikipedia’s 25th birthday to local and regional media. *'''Language and Internationalization''': Read some key highlights from the [[diffblog:2025/11/13/language-and-internationalization-newsletters-9/|October 2025 edition of the Language and internationalization newsletter]]. *'''Information integrity''': [[diffblog:2025/11/09/wikimedia-project-from-south-america-selected-by-the-unesco-global-initiative-for-information-integrity-on-climate-change-fund/|Wikimedia Project from South America Selected by the UNESCO Global Initiative for Information Integrity on Climate Change Fund]]. *'''The Wikipedia Library''': [[diffblog:2025/11/13/whats-new-in-the-wikipedia-library-july-september-2025/|The Wikipedia Library team attended the CEE Meeting 2025 celebrated a new partnership with Times of Malta]]. *'''Understanding movement organizers''': Wikimedia Foundation concluded a [[m:Research:Organizers in the Wikimedia movement/Literature review|literature review]] on organizers in the Wikimedia movement focused on capturing their personas, motivations, and impact in order to highlight best practices and opportunities for further support. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals/Effectiveness|Effectiveness]]'''<br/><small>''See also: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Progress made on last year's plan|Progress on the annual plan]]''</small> *'''Wikimedia Enterprise''': [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/reef-media-ai/ Reef Media uses Wikimedia Enterprise Snapshot API to Fact Check and Verify Sources]. '''Board and Board committee updates'''<br/><small>''See [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard|Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News|Affiliations Committee Newsletter]]''</small> *'''Affiliations Committee''': [[m:Affiliations Committee/Recommendations November 2025|Draft recommendations]] on three strategic areas that need continuous consideration to best support Wikimedia affiliates. '''Foundation statements''' *'''Lessons from Wikipedia''': The latest edition from the series explores [[foundationsite:news/2025/11/10/how-wikipedia-navigates-disputes/|the art of disagreement and how Wikipedia navigates disputes]]. *'''Artificial Intelligence''': [[foundationsite:news/2025/11/10/in-the-ai-era-wikipedia-has-never-been-more-valuable/|In the AI era, Wikipedia has never been more valuable]]. This explainer shows how human-created knowledge isn’t replaceable. '''Other Movement curated newsletters & news'''<br/><small>''See also:'' [[diffblog:|Diff blog]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Goings-on|Goings-on]]&nbsp;· [https://en.planet.wikimedia.org/ Planet Wikimedia]&nbsp;· [[:w:en:WP:SIGNPOST|Signpost (en)]]&nbsp;· [[:w:de:Wikipedia:Kurier|Kurier (de)]]&nbsp;· [[wikt:fr:Wiktionnaire:Actualités|Actualités du Wiktionnaire (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Regards sur l'actualité de la Wikimedia|Regards sur l’actualité de la Wikimedia (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Wikimag|Wikimag (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News|Education]]&nbsp;· [[outreachwiki:Special:MyLanguage/GLAM/Newsletter|GLAM]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/The Wikipedia Library/Newsletter|The Wikipedia Library]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia News|Milestones]]&nbsp;· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates|Wikidata]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CEE/Newsletter|Central and Eastern Europe]]&nbsp;· [[:m:Newsletters|other newsletters]]</small> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;"> '''[[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|Subscribe or unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2025/22|Help translate]]''' For information about the Bulletin and to read previous editions, see the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|project page on Meta-Wiki]]. Let askcac[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|alt=(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org know if you have any feedback or suggestions for improvement! </div> </div> <section end="content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 17:30, 25 Nuwamba, 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RAdimer-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedia_Foundation_Bulletin&oldid=29707950 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin 2025 Issue 23</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="content" /> <div class="plainlinks"> [[File:Wikimedia Foundation logo - horizontal.svg|150px|right|class=skin-invert|link=]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here is a quick overview of highlights from the Wikimedia Foundation since our last issue on November 21. This will be the final bulletin for 2025 and we'll be back in late January 2026 with the next issue. Please help [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2025/XX|translate]].''</div> <div style="clear:both"></div> ---- [[File:WP25_Birthday_cake.gif|right|200px]] '''Upcoming and current events and conversations'''<br/><small>''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Let's Talk|Let's Talk]] continues''</small> *'''CEO appointment''': The Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees has [[diffblog:2025/12/09/welcoming-the-wikimedia-foundations-new-ceo/|appointed Bernadette Meehan]] as the new CEO of the Wikimedia Foundation. She will be meeting communities around the puzzle globe when she officially joins on January 20, 2026. *'''Wikipedia's 25th birthday party:''' Join the virtual celebration for games, prizes, musical performances, volunteer spotlights, data visualization, surprise guests and more. January 15 at 16:00 UTC. [[m:Event:Wikipedia_25_Virtual_Celebration|Register on Meta]]. *'''Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees''': Join the next Conversation with the Trustees on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/2025-12-11 Conversation with Trustees|December 11 at 17:30 UTC]]. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Product & Technology OKRs|Infrastructure]]'''<br/><small>''See also newsletters: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Newsletter|Wikimedia Apps]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters|Growth]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Product Safety and Integrity|Product Safety and Integrity]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Readers updates|Readers]]&nbsp;· [[m:Research:Newsletter|Research]]&nbsp;· [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech News]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Language and Internationalization Newsletter|Language and Internationalization]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Special:Newsletters|other newsletters on MediaWiki.org]]''</small> *'''Wishathon:''' [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Updates#December 1, 2025: Results of our last Wishathon sprint|15 patches were written and 5 merged]], as part of a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Tech/Wishathon|Wishathon]] for the Community Wishlist. One wish from the community was completed ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/W265|"Preview page with this template" should not work with pages that do not transclude the template]]), and three more now have a clearer path forward. *'''Activity Tab on Mobile App''': The Wikipedia iOS app is running an experiment that replaces the History tab with a [[mw:Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS/Activity Tab|redesigned Activity tab]]. This new tab surfaces personalized insights about reading, editing, and donations — all stored locally on your device for privacy. The goal is to see whether the new experience increases engagement and retention among logged-in readers. *'''Wikipedia Year in Review in Apps''': [[mw:Wikimedia Apps/Team/Wikipedia Year in Review/Updates|The Wikipedia Year in Review 2025]] is now available for the iOS and Android apps. This year introduces new personalized insights, updated reading highlights, and refreshed designs. *'''Add a Link''': A feature that suggests links to be added to articles based on a prediction model, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]], has been deployed at Japanese, Urdu and Chinese Wikipedias. While this feature has already been available on most Wikipedias, the prediction model could not support certain languages. A new model has now been developed to handle these languages, and it will be gradually rolled out to other Wikipedias over time. *'''Abstract Wikipedia''': The [[m:Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest/Votes|second round of voting]] on the name of Abstract Wikipedia concluded with ''Abstract Wikipedia'' as the top-voted name with 100 votes, followed by Wikigenerator with 91 votes. The name for the wiki project [[:f:Wikifunctions:Status_updates/2025-12-04|will now remain Abstract Wikipedia]]. *'''Anti-vandalism tool:''' [[mw:Moderator Tools/Automoderator|Automoderator]], now has the option to choose between two machine learning models to power the software on wikis using the tool. *'''Tools to support newcomers:''' Newcomers failing to add a citation to support added content has been one of the most common mistakes on Wikipedia. [[mw:Edit check/Reference Check|Reference Check]], a tool that prompts them to add a citation before publishing an edit, has gone live for an A/B test on English Wikipedia. *'''Tech News''': Latest updates from Tech News [[diffblog:2025/11/24/tech-news-2025-week-48/|week 48]] and [[diffblog:2025/12/01/tech-news-2025-week-49/|week 49]] include the Foundation working on [[phab:T396155|improving the text and presentation of the Verification Email]] sent to new users to make them more welcoming, useful, and informative; and two new wikis being created: a [[w:tok:|Wikipedia in Toki Pona]] and a [[q:pcm:|Wikiquote in Nigerian Pidgin]]. *'''Infrastructure''': [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2025/11/21/unifying-mobile-and-desktop-domains/ Unifying our mobile and desktop domains] achieved 20% faster mobile response times, improved SEO, and reduced infrastructure load. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals/Volunteer Support|Volunteer Support]]'''<br/><small>''See also blogs: [[diffblog:global-advocacy|Global Advocacy blog]] · [https://mailchi.mp/wikimedia/global-advocacy-policy-newsletter Global Advocacy Newsletter] · [https://wikimediapolicy.medium.com Policy blog] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WikiLearn#Stay updated|WikiLearn News]] · [[m:Special:AllEvents|list of movement events]]''</small> *'''Legal win in France''': Wikimedia Foundation secures crucial [[diffblog:2025/12/01/wikimedia-foundation-secures-crucial-legal-win-in-france/|legal win in France]] against legal attacks on freedom of speech. *'''CEE Hub''': [[diffblog:2025/12/01/cee-hub-three-years-of-growth-learning-and-regional-impact/|Overview]] of three years of growth, learning, and regional impact of CEE Hub. *'''Don't Blink''': [[diffblog:2025/12/01/dont-blink-protecting-the-wikimedia-model-its-people-and-its-values-in-october-2025/|The latest developments]] from around the world about protecting the Wikimedia model, its people and its values. *'''Digital Violence''': How the Wikimedia movement is responding to [[diffblog:2025/11/20/uniting-to-end-digital-violence-16-days-of-activism-against-gender-based-violence/|digital gender based violence]]. *'''Wikimedia Research Showcase''': The next research showcase will feature a special panel on "Experimentation on Wikipedia" and will [[mw:Wikimedia Research/Showcase|take place on December 10 at 17:30 UTC]]. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals/Effectiveness|Effectiveness]]'''<br/><small>''See also: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Progress made on last year's plan|Progress on the annual plan]]''</small> *'''Audit Report''': Key takeaways from the [[diffblog:2025/11/24/highlights-from-the-wikimedia-foundations-fiscal-year-2024-2025-audit-report/|Foundation’s audit report]] for fiscal year 2024-2025. *'''Wikimedia Enterprise''': [[diffblog:2025/11/24/wikimedia-enterprise-financial-report-fiscal-year-2024-2025/|Wikimedia Enterprise Financial Report]] for fiscal year 2024-2025. *'''Annual Plan Progress''': A look back at progress made against the plan [[diffblog:2025/11/21/progress-on-the-annual-plan-a-look-at-the-second-half-of-our-fiscal-year/|during the second half of our fiscal year.]] Up to date regular updates are included in the Foundation Bulletin. '''Board and Board committee updates'''<br/><small>''See [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard|Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News|Affiliations Committee Newsletter]]''</small> *'''Sister Projects Task Force''': [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Sister Projects Task Force/Results of the consultation about Wikispore and Wikinews#Results of the consultations|Results of the consultation about Wikispore and Wikinews]]: No immediate changes should be made to Wikispore's current technical setup and archive all editions of Wikinews, preserving their content. '''Foundation statements''' *'''Wikipedia's unique revenue model''': [[foundationsite:news/2025/11/26/how-is-wikipedia-funded/|How is Wikipedia funded]] and [[foundationsite:news/2025/11/26/how-does-the-wikimedia-foundation-use-donations-to-wikipedia/|how does the Wikimedia Foundation use donations to Wikipedia]]? *'''Most read articles:''' Wikipedia’s [[foundationsite:news/2025/12/02/announcing-wikipedias-most-read-articles-of-2025/|most-read articles of 2025]]. '''Other Movement curated newsletters & news'''<br/><small>''See also:'' [[diffblog:|Diff blog]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Goings-on|Goings-on]]&nbsp;· [https://en.planet.wikimedia.org/ Planet Wikimedia]&nbsp;· [[:w:en:WP:SIGNPOST|Signpost (en)]]&nbsp;· [[:w:de:Wikipedia:Kurier|Kurier (de)]]&nbsp;· [[wikt:fr:Wiktionnaire:Actualités|Actualités du Wiktionnaire (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Regards sur l'actualité de la Wikimedia|Regards sur l’actualité de la Wikimedia (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Wikimag|Wikimag (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News|Education]]&nbsp;· [[outreachwiki:Special:MyLanguage/GLAM/Newsletter|GLAM]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/The Wikipedia Library/Newsletter|The Wikipedia Library]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia News|Milestones]]&nbsp;· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates|Wikidata]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CEE/Newsletter|Central and Eastern Europe]]&nbsp;· [[:m:Newsletters|other newsletters]]</small> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;"> '''[[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|Subscribe or unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2025/X|Help translate]]''' For information about the Bulletin and to read previous editions, see the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|project page on Meta-Wiki]]. Let askcac[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|alt=(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org know if you have any feedback or suggestions for improvement! </div> </div> <section end="content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 04:50, 11 Disamba 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RAdimer-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedia_Foundation_Bulletin&oldid=29735761 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin 2026 Issue 1</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="content" /> <div class="plainlinks"> [[File:Wikimedia Foundation logo - horizontal.svg|150px|right|class=skin-invert|link=]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here is a quick overview of highlights from the Wikimedia Foundation since our last issue on December 5. Please help [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2026/01|translate]].''</div> <div style="clear:both"></div> ---- [[File:WP25 Graphics Landscape of astronaut and batik maker.png|700px|center]] [[File:WP25 Film.gif|right|200px]] '''Highlights''' *'''Wikipedia turns 25:''' Time to start the party! [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Wikipedia 25 Virtual Celebration|Join the virtual celebration]] featuring musical performances, games, and more on January 15 at 16:00 UTC. and The party will be live interpreted into Arabic, Chinese, French, Spanish, and Portuguese. <span class="mw-ui-button" role="button" aria-disabled="false">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Wikipedia 25 Virtual Celebration|Join the celebration]]</span> '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Product & Technology OKRs|Infrastructure]]'''<br/><small>''See also newsletters: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Newsletter|Wikimedia Apps]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters|Growth]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Product Safety and Integrity|Product Safety and Integrity]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Readers updates|Readers]]&nbsp;· [[m:Research:Newsletter|Research]]&nbsp;· [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech News]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Language and Internationalization Newsletter|Language and Internationalization]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Special:Newsletters|other newsletters on MediaWiki.org]]''</small> *'''Annual planning''': [[diffblog:2025/12/10/shaping-wikimedia-foundations-2026-2027-annual-goals-key-questions-for-the-wikimedia-movement/|Key questions for the Wikimedia movement]] to shape the Wikimedia Foundation’s 2026-2027 annual goals. [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|Join the discussion on-wiki]]. *'''Hackathon''': **[[mw:Wikimedia Hackathon Northwestern Europe 2026|Apply to join the Northwestern Europe 2026 Hackathon]] from March 13-14 in Arnhem, the Netherlands. Application will close mid-January 2026 or earlier based on event capacity. **General Registration for the [https://pretix.eu/wikimedia/Hackathon-2026/ 2026 Wikimedia Hackathon is now open]! The hackathon will take place in Milan, Italy from May 1 - 3, 2026. Event details [[mw:Wikimedia_Hackathon_2026|can be found here]] and registration will remain open until March 30th or until event capacity is reached. *'''Semantic search''': Wikimedia Foundation is working on [[diffblog:2026/01/08/semantic-search-making-it-easier-to-find-the-information-readers-want/|making it easier to find the information readers want]]. *'''Tech News:''' Latest updates from Tech News week [[diffblog:2025/12/08/tech-news-2025-week-50/|50]], [[diffblog:2025/12/15/tech-news-2025-week-51/|week 51]], and [[diffblog:2025/12/22/tech-news-2025-week-52/|week 52]] include that now edit filters [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter/Access flags|can be set]] to automatically suppress their details which will help oversighters to prevent doxxing. *'''Wikifunctions''': [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-12-18|The first Wikifunctions Volunteers' Corner of the next year]] will take place on February 9. *'''Blazegraph Migration:''' To support the migration away from Blazegraph as the backend of Wikidata Query Service (WDQS), we are hosting regular calls [[d:Event:Blazegraph Migration Office Hours - January 2026|starting on January 27]]. Wikidata users and tool maintainers are [[d:Wikidata:Blazegraph Migration Office Hours|are invited to join]], ask questions, and share migration-related concerns. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals/Volunteer Support|Volunteer Support]]'''<br/><small>''See also blogs: [[diffblog:global-advocacy|Global Advocacy blog]] · [https://mailchi.mp/wikimedia/global-advocacy-policy-newsletter Global Advocacy Newsletter] · [https://wikimediapolicy.medium.com Policy blog] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WikiLearn#Stay updated|WikiLearn News]] · [[m:Special:AllEvents|list of movement events]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/The Wikipedia Library/Newsletter|The Wikipedia Library]]</small>'' *'''Upcoming Conferences''': Announcing the [[diffblog:2025/12/16/learn-about-the-approved-wikimedia-conference-proposals-for-2026-round-1/|six Wikimedia conferences funded for 2026]] in the first round. *'''Wikimania 2026''': [[diffblog:2025/12/19/looking-ahead-to-wikimania-2026/|A glimpse on what the team is currently working on]] to prepare for Wikimania 2026 in Paris. *'''Public Policy''': [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Global Advocacy/Resources|Explore the resources available for public policy advocacy work]], including explainers that describe key policy positions, guides on how to build a campaign or write a policy brief, and examples of open letters submitted to governments. *'''Don't Blink''': [[diffblog:2025/12/18/dont-blink-protecting-the-wikimedia-model-its-people-and-its-values-in-november-2025/|The latest developments]] from around the world about protecting the Wikimedia model, its people and its values. *'''Public-Interest content''': The Project Gayatri content expansion program brought [[diffblog:2025/12/22/project-gayatri-a-year-of-building-knowledge-closing-with-heart/|7,656 new articles on Indonesian Wikipedia]]. *'''Wikimedia Research Showcase''': [[mw:Wikimedia Research/Showcase|The research showcase will return on January 22 at 17:30 UTC]] with the theme "Celebrating 25 Years of Wikipedia and the Research Behind It". *'''Wikimedia Research Report''': The Wikimedia Foundation has published its [https://research.wikimedia.org/report.html 13th bi-annual Research Report], highlighting the work completed during the first six months of this fiscal year. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals/Effectiveness|Effectiveness]]'''<br/><small>''See also: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|Past issues of the bulletin for progress on the annual plan]]''</small> *'''Wikimedia Enterprise''': [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/2025-api-wrap-up/ Read the full annual wrap-up of 2025 of Wikimedia Enterprise] and how the year marked a fundamental shift in open knowledge. '''Board and Board committee updates'''<br/><small>''See [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard|Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News|Affiliations Committee Newsletter]]''</small> *'''Board of Trustees''': Wikimedia Foundation [[diffblog:2025/12/17/wikimedia-foundation-welcomes-two-new-board-trustees/|welcomes two new Board Trustees]] Bobby Shabangu and Michał Buczyński. *'''Affcom News''': Read the [[m:Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 7|year-end issue of AffCom News (July-December 2025)]], the newsletter that distributes relevant news and events about the work of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee|Affiliations Committee]]. '''Other Movement curated newsletters & news'''<br /><small>''See also:'' [[diffblog:|Diff blog]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Goings-on|Goings-on]]&nbsp;· [https://en.planet.wikimedia.org/ Planet Wikimedia]&nbsp;· [[:w:en:WP:SIGNPOST|Signpost (en)]]&nbsp;· [[:w:de:Wikipedia:Kurier|Kurier (de)]]&nbsp;· [[wikt:fr:Wiktionnaire:Actualités|Actualités du Wiktionnaire (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Regards sur l'actualité de la Wikimedia|Regards sur l’actualité de la Wikimedia (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Wikimag|Wikimag (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News|Education]]&nbsp;· [[outreachwiki:Special:MyLanguage/GLAM/Newsletter|GLAM]]&nbsp;· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates|Wikidata]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CEE/Newsletter|Central and Eastern Europe]]&nbsp;· [[:m:Newsletters|other newsletters]]&nbsp;·[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia News|Milestones]]&nbsp;·</small> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;"> '''[[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|Subscribe or unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2026/01|Help translate]]''' For information about the Bulletin and to read previous editions, see the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|project page on Meta-Wiki]]. Let foundationbulletin[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|alt=(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org know if you have any feedback or suggestions for improvement! </div> </div> <section end="content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 00:31, 14 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedia_Foundation_Bulletin&oldid=29895265 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin 2026 Issue 2</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="content" /> <div class="plainlinks"> [[File:Wikimedia Foundation logo - horizontal.svg|150px|right|class=skin-invert|link=]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here is a quick overview of highlights from the Wikimedia Foundation since our last issue on Jan 10. Please help [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2026/02|translate]].''</div> <div style="clear:both"></div> ---- [[File:WP25 Graphics Desktop.png|right|200px]] '''Highlights'''<br/><small>''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Let's Talk|Let's Talk]] continues''</small> *'''Annual planning''': The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|Annual Plan]] is the Wikimedia Foundation’s description of what we hope to achieve in the coming year. This is a time of urgency and focus for the Wikimedia projects and we [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|invite you to shape this plan together with us.]] *'''Year 2 of PTAC''': As it reached its first year, Product & Technology Advisory Council (PTAC) shared [[m:Product and Technology Advisory Council/Year1 Reflections and Proposed Way Forward 2026 Update|a retrospective and proposed future improvements]]. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Product & Technology OKRs|Infrastructure]]'''<br/><small>''See also newsletters: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Newsletter|Wikimedia Apps]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters|Growth]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Product Safety and Integrity|Product Safety and Integrity]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Readers updates|Readers]]&nbsp;· [[m:Research:Newsletter|Research]]&nbsp;· [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech News]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Language and Internationalization Newsletter|Language and Internationalization]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Special:Newsletters|other newsletters on MediaWiki.org]]''</small> *'''Account security''': All users with registered accounts can now use passkeys for [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Two-factor authentication|two-factor authentication]] (2FA), providing a simple and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security|secure way]] to log in. *'''Wikifunctions''': [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-01-22|An overview of the quarterly plan (January–March)]] and how it connects to the broader goals for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. *'''Tech News:''' Latest updates from Tech News week [[diffblog:2026/01/12/tech-news-2026-week-03/|03]], [[diffblog:2026/01/19/tech-news-2026-week-04/|04]] and [[diffblog:2026/01/26/tech-news-2026-week-05/|05]] include unregistered contributors on blocked IPs can now interact on-wiki to [[phab:T398673|appeal a block]] by creating a temporary account. *'''Collaborative contributions''': Wikimedia Foundation is hosting [[m:Event:Connection learning session 4|a learning session]] to share [[m:CampaignEvents/Collaborative contributions|new releases around collaborative contributions]] and discuss future project ideas. *'''Structured task''': The [[mw:Growth/Revise Tone|Revise Tone Structured Task]] is now live in A/B testing on pilot wikis: English, Arabic, Portuguese, and French Wikipedia. It helps new editors improve promotional language in existing articles through a quiz style onboarding experience and a guided in article suggestion. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals/Volunteer Support|Volunteer Support]]'''<br/><small>''See also blogs: [[diffblog:global-advocacy|Global Advocacy blog]] · [https://mailchi.mp/wikimedia/global-advocacy-policy-newsletter Global Advocacy Newsletter] · [https://wikimediapolicy.medium.com Policy blog] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WikiLearn#Stay updated|WikiLearn News]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/The Wikipedia Library/Newsletter|The Wikipedia Library]] · [[m:Special:AllEvents|list of movement events]]''</small> [[File:WP25 The Birthday Cake Song.webm|thumb|"The Birthday Cake Song" is an original song created for Wikipedia's 25th Birthday, performed by the WikiChoir, featuring Wikipedia and Wikimedia Commons content.]] *'''Wikimania 2026''': [[diffblog:2026/01/27/call-for-sessions-wikimania-2026-is-coming-to-paris/|Call for sessions]] is open until March 1. *'''Wikipedia 25''': Wikipedia celebrates 25 years of knowledge at its best with [[foundationsite:news/2026/01/15/wikipedia-celebrates-25years/|docuseries, time capsule, and more]]. *'''Virtual celebration''': In case you missed it, over 10,000 people have watched [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Wikipedia 25 Virtual Celebration|the virtual celebration]] that [[:c:File:WP25 Generations.webm|brought together generations of Wikimedians]], featured [[:c:File:WP25 A Tribute to the Talk Page.webm|an ode to the talk page]], a [[:c:File:WP25 A Dramatic Reading of a Wikipedia TalkPage for Orange.webm|dramatic reading of a real talk page]], a Magnetikpunk [[:c:File:WP25 "Cyklepedia" by Open Reel Ensemble.webm|song dedicated to Wikipedia]], a passing of the [[:c:File:WP25 CEO Cake Pass.webm|cake baton from Maryana to Bernadette]], [[c:File:WP25 The Birthday Cake Song.webm| "The Birthday Cake Song"]] and more. All of it written and performed by humans of Wikimedia. *'''Birthday mascot''': [[diffblog:2026/01/15/meet-the-wikimedian-whose-casual-sketch-inspired-wikipedias-25th-birthday-mascot/|Meet the Wikimedian]] whose casual sketch inspired Wikipedia’s 25th birthday mascot. *'''Legal''': Learn about two recent submissions advocating [[diffblog:2026/01/16/why-the-wikimedia-foundation-is-advocating-proportionality-and-carve-outs-for-digital-public-goods-in-brazils-new-online-child-safety-law-eca-digital/|the need for proportionality in Brazil’s new online child safety law]]. *'''Policy:''' The Global Advocacy team shared a report from digital policy organization InternetLab about the intersection between the [https://medium.com/wikimedia-policy/why-the-open-knowledge-movement-and-public-interest-journalism-must-unite-forces-b011bef63cf0 open knowledge movement and public interest journalism]. *'''Global Resource Distribution Committee''': Refreshed [[m:Global Resource Distribution Committee/Funding Principles|Funding Principles]] are ready for review. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals/Effectiveness|Effectiveness]]'''<br /><small>''See also: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Progress made on last year's plan|Progress on the annual plan]]''</small> *'''Solving puzzles together''': [[diffblog:2026/01/19/solving-puzzles-together/|A final reflection from Maryana Iskander]]. *'''Wikimedia Enterprise''': Mistral AI and Wikimedia Enterprise announced [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/mistral-ai-partners-with-wikimedia-enterprise/ a new strategic partnership]. '''Other Movement curated newsletters & news'''<br/><small>''See also:'' [[diffblog:|Diff blog]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Goings-on|Goings-on]]&nbsp;· [https://en.planet.wikimedia.org/ Planet Wikimedia]&nbsp;· [[:w:en:WP:SIGNPOST|Signpost (en)]]&nbsp;· [[:w:de:Wikipedia:Kurier|Kurier (de)]]&nbsp;· [[wikt:fr:Wiktionnaire:Actualités|Actualités du Wiktionnaire (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Regards sur l'actualité de la Wikimedia|Regards sur l’actualité de la Wikimedia (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Wikimag|Wikimag (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News|Education]]&nbsp;· [[outreachwiki:Special:MyLanguage/GLAM/Newsletter|GLAM]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia News|Milestones]]&nbsp;· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates|Wikidata]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CEE/Newsletter|Central and Eastern Europe]]&nbsp;· [[:m:Newsletters|other newsletters]]</small> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;"> '''[[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|Subscribe or unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2026/02|Help translate]]''' For information about the Bulletin and to read previous editions, see the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|project page on Meta-Wiki]]. Let foundationbulletin[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|alt=(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org know if you have any feedback or suggestions for improvement! </div> </div> <section end="content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 02:06, 4 ga Faburairu, 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RAdimer-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedia_Foundation_Bulletin&oldid=30007243 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin 2026 Issue 3</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="content" /> <div class="plainlinks"> [[File:Wikimedia Foundation logo - horizontal.svg|150px|right|class=skin-invert|link=]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here is a quick overview of highlights from the Wikimedia Foundation since our last issue on January 30. Please help [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2026/3|translate]].''</div> <div style="clear:both"></div> ---- [[File:WP25 Graphics of Astronaut.png|right|200px]] '''Highlights''' *'''Wikipedia Library''': [[diffblog:2026/01/30/whats-new-in-the-wikipedia-library-october-december-2025/|Wikipedia Library gained new content partnerships]], restored access to the British Newspaper Archive, and added an Arabic language academic resource with more than 7 million records. *'''Gender gap''': The [[m:Event:Celebrate Women|Celebrate Women 2026]] campaign will run from March 1–31 to advance the achievements of the women’s rights and gender equity movement globally. *'''Annual Planning''': The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/| Annual Plan]] is the Wikimedia Foundation’s description of what we hope to achieve in the coming year. We invite you [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/| to shape this plan]] together with us. Between now and the end of June 2026, we will have [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Collaboration|continuous conversations]] about how global trends may shape our future, how we can experiment, adapt and respond together. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Product & Technology OKRs|Infrastructure]]'''<br /><small>''See also newsletters: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Newsletter|Wikimedia Apps]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters|Growth]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Product Safety and Integrity|Product Safety and Integrity]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Readers updates|Readers]]&nbsp;· [[m:Research:Newsletter|Research]]&nbsp;· [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech News]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Language and Internationalization Newsletter|Language and Internationalization]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Special:Newsletters|other newsletters on MediaWiki.org]]''</small> *'''Patrolling improvements''': A new feature available on [[m:Special:Contributions|Special:Contributions]] shows [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] that are likely operated by the same person, and so makes patrolling less time-consuming. *'''Wikifunctions''': [[f:Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-01-29|How Abstract Wikipedia articles can be integrated]] into Wikipedia language editions to enable Wikipedians to write an abstract article once and have it available in many languages. *'''Suggestion Mode''': A new Beta Feature for the VisualEditor, [[mw:VisualEditor/Suggestion Mode|Suggestion Mode,]] is [[w:en:Wikipedia:Village pump (technical)#Suggestion Mode %E2%80%93 new Beta Feature on Tuesday|now available on English Wikipedia]] for experienced editors. This features proactively suggests actions that people can consider taking to improve Wikipedia articles, such as "add citation", "improve tone", or "fix an ambiguous link". *'''WDQS Blazegraph Migration''': As part of the migration away from Blazegraph (the current backend of the Wikidata Query Service), an initial evaluation of open-source triple store candidates [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/47/WDQS_Triple_Store_Evaluation_-_Benchmark_Results_Report.pdf has been completed]. Using the published [[D:Wikidata:SPARQL query service/Triple store evaluation methodology|evaluation methodology]], performance, stability, and compatibility was assessed. *'''Tech News:''' Latest updates from Tech News week [[diffblog:2026/02/02/tech-news-2026-week-06/|06]] and [[diffblog:2026/02/09/tech-news-2026-week-07/|07]] include the new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Watchlist labels|Watchlist labels]] feature that allows logged-in contributors to organise and filter watched pages in ways that improve their workflows. They also link to the 44 community submitted tasks that were resolved over the last two weeks. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals/Volunteer Support|Volunteer Support]]'''<br/><small>''See also blogs: [[diffblog:global-advocacy|Global Advocacy blog]] · [https://mailchi.mp/wikimedia/global-advocacy-policy-newsletter Global Advocacy Newsletter] · [https://wikimediapolicy.medium.com Policy blog] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WikiLearn#Stay updated|WikiLearn News]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/The Wikipedia Library/Newsletter|The Wikipedia Library]] · [[m:Special:AllEvents|list of movement events]]''</small> [[File:Karolina Gruszczyk 4 at Wikipedia 25 celebration in Warsaw.jpg|thumb|Wikipedia 25 celebration in Warsaw.]] *'''Funding Principles''': The interim [[m:Global Resource Distribution Committee|Global Resource Distribution Committee]] (GRDC) has published a first version of the [[m:Global Resource Distribution Committee/Funding Principles|Funding Principles]] which guides the broader grantmaking ecosystem across the Wikimedia Movement. Share your feedback in the [[m:Talk:Global Resource Distribution Committee/Funding Principles|Discussion]] page. *'''Wikipedia 25''': [[diffblog:2026/02/09/wikipedia25-celebrations-in-warsaw/|Celebrating 25 years of Wikipedia in Warsaw]]. *'''Responsible AI''': Why the [[diffblog:2026/02/03/why-the-global-index-on-responsible-ai-matters-for-wikimedians/|Global Index on Responsible AI]] matters for Wikimedians. *'''Open Knowledge''': Why the Open Knowledge Movement and Public Interest Journalism [https://medium.com/wikimedia-policy/why-the-open-knowledge-movement-and-public-interest-journalism-must-unite-forces-b011bef63cf0 must unite forces]. Shared principles and interdependence, points of convergence and the path forward. *'''Journalism Awards:''' Applications for [[foundationsite:news/2026/02/02/open-knowledge-journalism-awards-applications-open/|the Open the Knowledge Journalism Awards]] are now open until March 1. Presented by the International Center for Journalists in partnership with the Wikimedia Foundation, the awards seek to recognize African journalists whose reporting helps close knowledge gaps about Africa on Wikipedia. *'''UN General Assembly''': Wikimedia Foundation was invited to speak at the UN General Assembly (UNGA) hall about [[diffblog:2026/02/11/wikimedia-foundation-at-the-united-nations-remarks-on-multistakeholderism-digital-public-goods-and-internet-governance/|Wikipedia’s role in global digital governance]]. *'''Advocacy''': Wikimedia Foundation has [[diffblog:2026/02/11/announcing-new-policies-related-to-the-use-of-wikimedia-sites-for-advocacy-purposes/|adopted new and updated policies]] regarding the use of banners, logo changes, and blackouts on the projects, particularly for advocacy purposes. Specifically, the new [[:foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Use of Wikimedia sites for advocacy purposes|"Use of Wikimedia sites for advocacy purposes"]] policy, and updates to the guidelines for [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/CentralNotice/Usage guidelines|CentralNotice usage]] and [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Requesting wiki configuration changes|requesting wiki configuration changes]]. The policies establish clearer processes for advocacy activities, and require notification of Foundation staff for some proposed uses of the Wikimedia sites. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals/Effectiveness|Effectiveness]]'''<br/><small>''See also: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Progress made on last year's plan|Progress on the annual plan]]''</small> *'''Wikimedia Futures Lab''': [[diffblog:/2026/02/12/from-baghdad-to-frankfurt-wikimedia-futures-lab-2026/|Reflections from a Wikimedian]] who attended the [[m:Wikimedia Futures Lab|Wikimedia Futures Lab]]. '''Other Movement curated newsletters & news'''<br/><small>''See also:'' [[diffblog:|Diff blog]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Goings-on|Goings-on]]&nbsp;· [https://en.planet.wikimedia.org/ Planet Wikimedia]&nbsp;· [[:w:en:WP:SIGNPOST|Signpost (en)]]&nbsp;· [[:w:de:Wikipedia:Kurier|Kurier (de)]]&nbsp;· [[wikt:fr:Wiktionnaire:Actualités|Actualités du Wiktionnaire (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Regards sur l'actualité de la Wikimedia|Regards sur l’actualité de la Wikimedia (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Wikimag|Wikimag (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News|Education]]&nbsp;· [[outreachwiki:Special:MyLanguage/GLAM/Newsletter|GLAM]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia News|Milestones]]&nbsp;· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates|Wikidata]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CEE/Newsletter|Central and Eastern Europe]]&nbsp;· [[:m:Newsletters|other newsletters]]</small> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;"> '''[[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|Subscribe or unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2026/3|Help translate]]''' For information about the Bulletin and to read previous editions, see the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|project page on Meta-Wiki]]. Let foundationbulletin[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|alt=(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org know if you have any feedback or suggestions for improvement! </div> </div> <section end="content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 23:27, 17 ga Faburairu, 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RAdimer-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedia_Foundation_Bulletin&oldid=30053915 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin 2026 Issue 4</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="content" /> <div class="plainlinks"> [[File:Wikimedia Foundation logo - horizontal.svg|150px|right|class=skin-invert|link=]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here is a quick overview of highlights from the Wikimedia Foundation since our last issue on Feb 13. Please help [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2026/04|translate]].''</div> <div style="clear:both"></div> ---- [[File:Work-in-progress animation of the Wikipedia 25 birthday mascot scrolling on a phone.gif|right|200px|]] '''Highlights'''<br/><small>''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Let's Talk|Let's Talk]] continues''</small> *'''Birthday mode''': This limited-time campaign feature celebrates 25 years of Wikipedia with a birthday mascot, Baby Globe. When turned on, Baby Globe is shown on ~2,500 articles, waiting to be discovered by readers. The feature is available for all Wikipedias to customise through Community Configuration until 6 April 2026. So far [[m:Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments|17 Wikipedias]] have joined in the fun. *'''Wikipedia's 25th birthday party celebrated on Commons''': Content from the January 15th global birthday party selected as [[c:Template:Motd/2026-02#22|Media of the day]]. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Product & Technology OKRs|Infrastructure]]'''<br/><small>''See also newsletters: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Newsletter|Wikimedia Apps]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters|Growth]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Product Safety and Integrity|Product Safety and Integrity]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Readers updates|Readers]]&nbsp;· [[m:Research:Newsletter|Research]]&nbsp;· [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech News]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Language and Internationalization Newsletter|Language and Internationalization]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Special:Newsletters|other newsletters on MediaWiki.org]]''</small> *'''Etherpad cleanup''': For security and performance reasons, all current pads on Wikimedia’s [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Etherpad|Etherpad]] instance, the web-based "ephemeral" editor for real-time collaborative document editing, [[m:Talk:Etherpad#Etherpad wipe/deletion/clean slate proposal|will be permanently deleted after 30 April]]. We will continue running this Etherpad instance to support events and other short-term collaboration, but will be periodically deleting data going forward. If you have content in Etherpad you want to keep, please create local backups, as data will be permanently deleted and will not be able to be recovered. *'''Activity tab''': Wikipedia iOS app has rolled out the improved [[mw:Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS/Activity Tab|Activity tab]] to all users in version 7.9.0. A/B test results showed increased account creation among users with access to the feature. Updates include enhanced editing impact insights, module customization, and relocation of History into the Search tab. *'''Reference Check''': The feature [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Reference Check|Reference Check]] has been deployed to all Wikipedias. In A/B testing, the impact was substantial: newcomers shown Reference Check were approximately 2.2 times more likely to include a reference on desktop (or acknowledge/explain why they did not) and about 17.5 times more likely on mobile web. *'''Semantic search''': The Foundation has launched a limited [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Information Retrieval/Phase 1|Android mobile app experiment]] that tests hybrid search capabilities which can handle both [[diffblog:2026/01/08/semantic-search-making-it-easier-to-find-the-information-readers-want/|semantic]] and keyword queries. The [[mw:Readers/Information_Retrieval/Phase_1|Phase 1 beta]] is now live on Greek Wikipedia. The goal is to understand whether combining meaning-based retrieval with keyword search helps readers find information more effectively. Testing will expand to English, French, and Portuguese Wikipedias in March. *'''Navigation experience''': The Foundation will run [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/WE3.10.2 Mobile Table of Contents|an experiment]] for mobile web users, that adds a table of contents and automatically expands all article sections, to learn more about navigation issues they face. The test will be available on Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Indonesian, and Vietnamese Wikipedias. [[File:Abstract Wikipedia prototype - Kolkata.png|thumb|right|Screenshot of the current prototype of Abstract Wikipedia, showing a two sentence article about Kolkata.]] *'''Site notices''': Site notices ([[m:MediaWiki:Sitenotice|MediaWiki:Sitenotice]] and [[m:MediaWiki:Anonnotice|MediaWiki:Anonnotice]]) now will render on all platforms, not just on the desktop site. Users on mobile web will now see these notices and be informed. *'''Tech News''': Latest updates from Tech News week [[diffblog:2026/02/16/tech-news-2026-week-08/|08]] and [[diffblog:2026/02/23/tech-news-2026-week-09/|09]] include the new “Edit full page” button for people who are editing a page-section using the mobile visual editor. They also link to the 40 community submitted tasks that were resolved over the last two weeks. *'''Wikifunctions''': Abstract Wikipedia is going to have its public preview within the next few weeks, [[f:Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-02-20|here is the preview]]. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals/Volunteer Support|Volunteer Support]]'''<br/><small>''See also blogs: [[diffblog:global-advocacy|Global Advocacy blog]] · [https://mailchi.mp/wikimedia/global-advocacy-policy-newsletter Global Advocacy Newsletter] · [https://wikimediapolicy.medium.com Policy blog] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WikiLearn#Stay updated|WikiLearn News]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/The Wikipedia Library/Newsletter|The Wikipedia Library]] · [[m:Special:AllEvents|list of movement events]]''</small> *'''Gender gap''': The [[diffblog:2026/02/24/celebrate-women-2026-is-coming/|Celebrate Women 2026]] is coming! The Wikimedia Foundation will host a kick-off celebration that will work as a welcome session for both organizers and participants on [[m:Event:Celebrate Women 2026 Welcome Session|March 5 at 13:00 UTC]]. *'''Language''': New edition of the [[diffblog:2026/02/17/language-and-internationalization-newsletters-10/|Language and internationalization newsletter]] highlights new feature developments and improvements in various [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization#Projects|language-related technical projects]]. *'''Let’s Connect Learning Clinic''': Watch the recordings of past [[metawiki:Grants:Knowledge_Sharing/Connect/Calendar|learning clinics]] about Wikipedia’s 25th Birthday Tool and Strengthening Local-Language Admin Communities. *'''Wikimedia Research Showcase''': You can [https://www.youtube.com/live/qW5IQJv84HY watch the recording] of this month research showcase whose theme is about "[[mw:Wikimedia Research/Showcase|AI and Communities]]". *'''Hubs''': Lessons [[diffblog:2026/02/13/what-we-are-learning-from-hub-pilots/|from hub pilots]]. *'''Banners & logo policies''': Wikimedia Foundation has adopted [[diffblog:2026/02/11/announcing-new-policies-related-to-the-use-of-wikimedia-sites-for-advocacy-purposes/|new and updated policies regarding the use of banners, logo changes, and blackouts]] on the projects, particularly for advocacy purposes. *'''Digital Safety''': The next edition of [[listarchive:list/wikimedia-l@lists.wikimedia.org/message/MFK6V57X7B3XBCPYS63PBP764UZWEE7X/|Digital Safety Office Hours]] will be on Mar 27 at 9:00 UTC and 19:00 UTC. The session will explore practical threat modelling: a structured way to think about risks, assess your exposure, and make informed choices. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals/Effectiveness|Effectiveness]]'''<br/><small>''See also: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Progress made on last year's plan|Progress on the annual plan]]''</small> *'''Wikimedia Enterprise''': [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/ecosia-enriches-search-results-and-ai-answers/ Ecosia Enriches Search Results and AI Answers with Wikimedia Enterprise]. *'''Human centered AI''': Members of the Wikimedia Enterprise team presented on "[https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/event-stanford-human-centered-ai/ Wikipedia in the Age of AI and Bots]" at the seminar of Stanford’s Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence. *'''Inclusive AI''': Advancing Open, Inclusive AI with Free and Open Knowledge at the [https://medium.com/wikimedia-policy/wikimedia-foundation-at-the-india-ai-impact-summit-2026-advancing-open-inclusive-ai-with-free-and-131bf9625f8b India AI Impact Summit 2026]. '''Other Movement curated newsletters & news'''<br/><small>''See also:'' [[diffblog:|Diff blog]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Goings-on|Goings-on]]&nbsp;· [https://en.planet.wikimedia.org/ Planet Wikimedia]&nbsp;· [[:w:en:WP:SIGNPOST|Signpost (en)]]&nbsp;· [[:w:de:Wikipedia:Kurier|Kurier (de)]]&nbsp;· [[wikt:fr:Wiktionnaire:Actualités|Actualités du Wiktionnaire (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Regards sur l'actualité de la Wikimedia|Regards sur l’actualité de la Wikimedia (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Wikimag|Wikimag (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News|Education]]&nbsp;· [[outreachwiki:Special:MyLanguage/GLAM/Newsletter|GLAM]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia News|Milestones]]&nbsp;· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates|Wikidata]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CEE/Newsletter|Central and Eastern Europe]]&nbsp;· [[:m:Newsletters|other newsletters]]</small> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;"> '''[[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|Subscribe or unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2026/04|Help translate]]''' For information about the Bulletin and to read previous editions, see the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|project page on Meta-Wiki]]. Let foundationbulletin[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|alt=(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org know if you have any feedback or suggestions for improvement! </div> </div> <section end="content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 12:37, 3 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RAdimer-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedia_Foundation_Bulletin&oldid=30155780 --> == Help == Please help me improve [[Gaza genocide|this]] article I recently created; my Hausa language skills are poor. Also, please add [[:en:Gaza_genocide|this]] article to the Hausa Wikipedia as it is important. Thank you. [[User:جودت|جودت]] ([[User talk:جودت|talk]]) 15:50, 8 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin 2026 Issue 5</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="content" /> <div class="plainlinks"> [[File:Wikimedia Foundation logo - horizontal.svg|150px|right|class=skin-invert|link=]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here is a quick overview of highlights from the Wikimedia Foundation since our last issue on February 27. Please help [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2026/05|translate]].''</div> <div style="clear:both"></div> ---- [[File:WP25 Blue W25.png|right|200px|]] '''Highlights''' *'''Supporting readers''': For most of its history, Wikipedia did not have to worry about attracting readers. But with the way people search for information changing, there is a drop in the number of readers which is impacting the number of accounts created and contributions to our sites. Have a look at some of [[diffblog:2026/03/10/engaging-and-reengaging-wikipedia-readers/|the ongoing and planned work to support reader experience.]] *'''Server switch''': [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|All wikis will be read-only]] for a few minutes on March 25 at 15:00 UTC. This is for the [[diffblog:2025/03/12/hear-that-the-wikis-go-silent-twice-a-year/|datacenter server switchover backup tests]], which happen [[wikitech:Deployments/Yearly calendar|twice a year]]. *'''Tools improvement''': The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Unsupported Tools Working Group|PTAC Unsupported Tools Working Group]] continued improvements to [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Video2commons|Video2Commons]] in February, with fixes addressing authentication errors, large-file handling, task queue visibility, and clearer upload behavior. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Unsupported Tools Working Group#February 2026|Work is still ongoing in some areas]], including changes related to deprecated server-side uploads. *'''Wikipedia 25 Grants''': The celebration continues! The Wikimedia Foundation offers [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Grants|Wikipedia 25 Birthday Funds]] to communities planning Wikipedia’s 25th birthday events with funding between USD 1,000–2,000. Apply before March 31. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Product & Technology OKRs|Infrastructure]]'''<br/><small>''See also newsletters: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Newsletter|Wikimedia Apps]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters|Growth]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Product Safety and Integrity|Product Safety and Integrity]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Readers updates|Readers]]&nbsp;· [[m:Research:Newsletter|Research]]&nbsp;· [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech News]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Language and Internationalization Newsletter|Language and Internationalization]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Special:Newsletters|other newsletters on MediaWiki.org]]''</small> *'''Experiments''': The Foundation is frequently conducting experiments to help learn what features will be most effective and valuable to the projects. [[m:List of experiments in Product and Technology|The list of experiments in Product and Technology]], tracks upcoming, live, in-analysis, and completed experiments as well as their rationale. For example, the tracker shares that [[m:List of experiments in Product and Technology#Upcoming|one upcoming experiment, Reader to Contributor Baseline]], will measure how many readers create contributor accounts and whether the rate differs depending on how people arrived to the site. *'''Article guidance''': Help less experienced editors by filling out a questionnaire [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|on this page]] (available in 7 languages). The Foundation are looking particularly for experienced Wikipedia editors from these [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance/Pilot wikis and collaborators#Collaborators|pilot wikis]]. Your answers will help [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|customize guidance for less experienced editors while creating an article]]. *'''Wikifunctions:''' You can now create Functions that will [[f:Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-03-06|show a citation in their output.]] *'''Editing feature''': [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Suggestion Mode|Suggestion Mode]] is available as a beta feature within the visual editor at all Wikipedias. This feature proactively suggests various types of actions that people can consider taking to improve Wikipedia articles, and learn about related guidelines. *'''Paste Check''': [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#Paste check|Paste Check]] is now available at all Wikipedias. The feature prompts newcomers who are pasting text they are not likely to have written into VisualEditor to consider whether doing so risks a copyright violation. *'''Mobile experience''': The user menu in the top corner for all mobile users [[phab:T413912|is standardized]] so that it is closer to the desktop experience to improve the user interface for readers. *'''Two-factor authentication''': For security reasons, members of certain user groups are [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Mandatory two-factor authentication for users with some extended rights|required to have two-factor authentication]] (2FA) enabled. Currently, 2FA is required to use the group, but not to be a member of it. Given that this model still has some vulnerabilities, the situation will [[phab:T418580|gradually change in March]]. *'''Tech News''': Latest updates from Tech News week [[diffblog:2026/03/02/tech-news-2026-week-10/|10]] and [[diffblog:2026/03/09/tech-news-2026-week-11/|11]] include the new GraphQL API has been released as a flexible alternative to select features of the Wikidata Query Service (WDQS). They also link to the 50 community submitted tasks that were resolved over the last two weeks. [[File:Mervat Salman.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/03/09/wikicelebrate-mervat-a-decade-of-building-knowledge-community-and-trust/ WikiCelebrates Mervat.]]] '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals/Volunteer Support|Volunteer Support]]'''<br/><small>''See also blogs: [[diffblog:global-advocacy|Global Advocacy blog]] · [https://mailchi.mp/wikimedia/global-advocacy-policy-newsletter Global Advocacy Newsletter] · [https://wikimediapolicy.medium.com Policy blog] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WikiLearn#Stay updated|WikiLearn News]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/The Wikipedia Library/Newsletter|The Wikipedia Library]] · [[m:Special:AllEvents|list of movement events]]''</small> *'''WikiCelebrate''': [[diffblog:2026/03/09/wikicelebrate-mervat-a-decade-of-building-knowledge-community-and-trust/|Celebrating Mervat]], one of the most experienced and dedicated contributors to Arabic Wikipedia. *'''Wikimedia ecosystem''': The [[diffblog:2026/03/05/draft-proposal-for-a-future-affiliate-landscape/|pilot on the ecosystem of Wikimedia organizations]] has published a draft proposal for a [[m:Updating the ecosystem of Wikimedia organizations/Future Affiliate Landscape|Future Affiliate Landscape]]. It welcomes your review and [[m:Talk:Updating the ecosystem of Wikimedia organizations/Future Affiliate Landscape|feedback]]. *'''Fundraising''': The Fundraising Report 2024–2025 has now been [[m:Fundraising/2024-25 Report|published]] on meta. *'''International Women's Day 2026:''' [[diffblog:2026/03/10/international-womens-day-2026-women-visibility-and-the-future-of-trusted-knowledge-on-wikimedia/|Women, visibility, and the future of trusted knowledge on Wikimedia]]. *'''Don't Blink''': [[diffblog:2026/03/12/dont-blink-protecting-the-wikimedia-model-its-people-and-its-values-in-january-2026/|The latest developments]] from around the world about protecting the Wikimedia model, its people and its values. *'''Wiki Loves Earth 2025''': [[foundationsite:news/2026/03/02/the-winners-of-wiki-loves-earth-2025/|See the winners]] from the 13th annual edition of the globe-trotting photo contest. *'''Wikimania 2026''': While most Wikimania program submissions are closed, [[wmania:Special:MyLanguage/2026:Program/Research|the research track is open until March 31]]. It accepts proposals from both professional researchers and Wikimedians. '''Other Movement curated newsletters & news'''<br/><small>''See also:'' [[diffblog:|Diff blog]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Goings-on|Goings-on]]&nbsp;· [https://en.planet.wikimedia.org/ Planet Wikimedia]&nbsp;· [[:w:en:WP:SIGNPOST|Signpost (en)]]&nbsp;· [[:w:de:Wikipedia:Kurier|Kurier (de)]]&nbsp;· [[wikt:fr:Wiktionnaire:Actualités|Actualités du Wiktionnaire (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Regards sur l'actualité de la Wikimedia|Regards sur l’actualité de la Wikimedia (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Wikimag|Wikimag (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News|Education]]&nbsp;· [[outreachwiki:Special:MyLanguage/GLAM/Newsletter|GLAM]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia News|Milestones]]&nbsp;· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates|Wikidata]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CEE/Newsletter|Central and Eastern Europe]]&nbsp;· [[:m:Newsletters|other newsletters]]</small> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;"> '''[[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|Subscribe or unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2026/05|Help translate]]''' For information about the Bulletin and to read previous editions, see the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|project page on Meta-Wiki]]. Let foundationbulletin[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|alt=(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org know if you have any feedback or suggestions for improvement! </div> </div> <section end="content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 22:17, 17 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RAdimer-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedia_Foundation_Bulletin&oldid=30218350 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin 2026 Issue 6</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="content" /> <div class="plainlinks"> [[File:Wikimedia Foundation logo - horizontal.svg|150px|right|class=skin-invert|link=]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here is a quick overview of highlights from the Wikimedia Foundation since our last issue on March 13. Please help [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2026/6|translate]].''</div> <div style="clear:both"></div> ---- [[File:Adapted Wikipedia20symbols mobile w.svg|right|thumb|200px|Editing on the mobile apps]] '''Highlights''' *'''Supporting the mobile experience''': The Foundation is starting conversations with communities to [[mw:Wikimedia Apps/Team/Future of Editing on the Mobile Apps|explore how editing should work on the Wikipedia mobile apps]]. The goal is to understand how to better support both new and experienced editors, and how the app can guide users to the right editing tools. Your input is welcome. Join the [[mw:Talk:Wikimedia Apps/Team/Future of Editing on the Mobile Apps|discussion]]! *'''Wikimania 2026''': [[diffblog:2026/03/25/registration-for-wikimania-paris-is-opening-soon/|Registration for Wikimania 2026]] is opening soon from the end of March to May 1. Like other Wikimedia events this year, we are introducing a "request for invitation" process, with trust and safety checks conducted prior to confirming in-person attendance. Our priority is to create a safe environment for connection, collaboration, and shared learning. *'''Around the Puzzle Globe in the CEE region''': On March 23 almost 60 Wikimedians took part in [[m:Event:CEE Catch Up: Around the Puzzle Globe|the CEE-Catch up]]- a meeting for Wikimedians from Central and Eastern Europe and Central Asia. As a part of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Collaboration|continuous conversations]] we have with the communities around the Foundation's annual plan, participants discussed the global trends related to Readers and Contributors in their regional context. The meeting was also an opportunity to connect with the new Foundation CEO, Bernadette Meehan, who is meeting communities [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Chief Executive Officer/Around the puzzle globe|around the puzzle globe]] to listen, learn and engage with the communities. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Product & Technology OKRs|Infrastructure]]'''<br /><small>''See also newsletters: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Newsletter|Wikimedia Apps]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters|Growth]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Product Safety and Integrity|Product Safety and Integrity]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Readers updates|Readers]]&nbsp;· [[m:Research:Newsletter|Research]]&nbsp;· [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech News]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Language and Internationalization Newsletter|Language and Internationalization]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Special:Newsletters|other newsletters on MediaWiki.org]]''</small> *'''Crawlers:''' The Foundation is now [[diffblog:2026/03/26/quo-vadis-crawlers-progress-and-whats-next-on-safeguarding-our-infrastructure/|detecting and blocking billions of bot requests]] that don’t follow our robot policy, such as aggressive scrapers, to make sure our resources go towards serving human readers. In the coming months we’ll be working on better detection of rapidly changing bot behavior and better API infrastructure. *'''Moderator tools for newer editors''': Wikipedia editors in Indonesian, Thai, Turkish, and Simple English now have access to an [[mw:Moderator Tools/Dashboard|early version of Special:PersonalDashboard]]. It introduces newer editors to patrolling workflows, making it easier for them to move from making edits to participating in more advanced moderation work on their project. *'''Account creation on mobile''': Mobile editors [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments#Logged-out|at several wikis]] are now presented with a simplified logged-out warning message, which encourages them to create an account or log in. This test is part of our ongoing effort to enhance the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments|account creation experience on mobile]] and increase participation. *'''Verification email redesign:''' [[phab:T416748|The verification email sent to new accounts]] that add an email address during signup has been redesigned. When tested on English Wikipedia, Wikimedia Commons, and Wikidata, the same-week email verification rate increased from 41.6% to 45.9%. *'''Retaining notification history''': Wikimedia site users can export their notifications older than 5 years using [[toolforge:echo-chamber|a new Toolforge tool]]. This will ensure that users retain important notifications and avoid losing them based on the planned change to delete notifications older than 5 years, [[phab:T383948|as previously announced]]. *'''Tech News''': Latest highlights from Tech News weeks [[diffblog:2026/03/16/tech-news-2026-week-12/|12]] and [[diffblog:2026/03/23/tech-news-2026-week-13/|13]] include the update that Wikimedia site users can now log in without a password using passkeys as a secure method supported by fingerprint, facial recognition, or PIN. See also the 64 community submitted tasks that were resolved over the last two weeks. *'''Experiments''': Check out [[m:List of experiments in Product and Technology|the list of experiments in Product and Technology]] to see all upcoming, live, in-analysis, and completed experiments. One new experiment that just went live is the "Improve the logged-out warning message on mobile web," which aims to reduce the sense of friction or alarm when users encounter the logged-out warning upon editing. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals/Volunteer Support|Volunteer Support]]'''<br /><small>''See also blogs: [[diffblog:global-advocacy|Global Advocacy blog]] · [https://mailchi.mp/wikimedia/global-advocacy-policy-newsletter Global Advocacy Newsletter] · [https://wikimediapolicy.medium.com Policy blog] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WikiLearn#Stay updated|WikiLearn News]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/The Wikipedia Library/Newsletter|The Wikipedia Library]] · [[m:Special:AllEvents|list of movement events]]''</small> [[File:Microtask generator tool.png|right|thumb|200px|Screenshot of the Microtask generator tool.]] *'''Digital rights and free knowledge''': Wikimedia Foundation staff and Wikimedians from across the movement will contribute to [[diffblog:2026/03/16/wikimedians-champion-digital-rights-and-free-knowledge-at-rightscon-2026-join-the-global-conversation-wherever-you-are/|important conversations on AI governance, information integrity, and equitable access to knowledge at RightsCon 2026]] from May 5–8. [https://www.rightscon.org/registration/ Join the conversation virtually]. *'''Microtask Generator''': [[diffblog:2026/03/23/from-overwhelming-lists-to-bite-sized-edits-meet-the-microtask-generator/|Learn more about the Microtask Generator]], a tool which identifies content quality gaps in Wikipedia articles and suggests tasks for editors to address within a dashboard. Users can input lists of articles for analysis, or get recommendations based on article categories. Ideal for edit-a-thons and other article improvement drives. *'''WikiLearn''': Discover [[diffblog:2026/03/12/wikilearn-news-march-2026/|the latest edition of WikiLearn News]] where you can find the latest online learning opportunities to take your editing skills to new heights. *'''Diff Event calendar''': [[diffblog:2026/03/11/movement-events-on-the-move-diff-event-calendar-transitions-to-meta-wiki/|The event calendar on Diff is now redirected]] to [[m:Special:AllEvents|the list of events on Meta-wiki]]. This list pulls in all events that are open to all wikis. *'''Grantmaking Strategy''': The GRDC has identified the [[m:Global Resource Distribution Committee/Key challenges for a new Grantmaking Strategy|key challenges that will inform the design of the new Grantmaking Strategy]]. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals/Effectiveness|Effectiveness]]'''<br /><small>''See also: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Progress made on last year's plan|Progress on the annual plan]]''</small> *'''Audit report''': Highlights from the [[diffblog:2026/03/19/highlights-from-the-wikimedia-endowments-fiscal-year-2024-2025-audit-report/|Wikimedia Endowment’s fiscal year 2024-2025 audit report]]. *'''Enterprise partnerships''': Wikimedia Enterprise announced new partnerships. Together with [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/firecrawl-replaces-wikipedia-scraping-with-enterprise-apis/ Firecrawl to reform how AI agents access the world’s largest online repository of human knowledge] and with [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/aligned-ai-is-developing-ethical-ai/ Aligned AI to develop Ethical AI products for families by providing Wikimedia Enterprise Snapshot API]. '''Board and Board committee updates'''<br/><small>''See [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard|Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News|Affiliations Committee Newsletter]]''</small> *'''Endowment Board''': [[diffblog:2026/03/24/welcoming-nataliia-tymkiv-to-the-wikimedia-endowment-board/|Welcoming Nataliia Tymkiv to the Wikimedia Endowment Board of Directors]]. *'''Affiliate recognition''': Affiliations Committee [[diffblog:2026/03/26/affiliate-recognition-pause-extended-until-september-2026/|extended the pause on new affiliate recognition to September 1, 2026]]. '''Other Movement curated newsletters & news'''<br/><small>''See also:'' [[diffblog:|Diff blog]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Goings-on|Goings-on]]&nbsp;· [https://en.planet.wikimedia.org/ Planet Wikimedia]&nbsp;· [[:w:en:WP:SIGNPOST|Signpost (en)]]&nbsp;· [[:w:de:Wikipedia:Kurier|Kurier (de)]]&nbsp;· [[wikt:fr:Wiktionnaire:Actualités|Actualités du Wiktionnaire (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Regards sur l'actualité de la Wikimedia|Regards sur l’actualité de la Wikimedia (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Wikimag|Wikimag (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News|Education]]&nbsp;· [[outreachwiki:Special:MyLanguage/GLAM/Newsletter|GLAM]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia News|Milestones]]&nbsp;· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates|Wikidata]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CEE/Newsletter|Central and Eastern Europe]]&nbsp;· [[:m:Newsletters|other newsletters]]</small> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;"> '''[[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|Subscribe or unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2026/6|Help translate]]''' For information about the Bulletin and to read previous editions, see the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|project page on Meta-Wiki]]. Let foundationbulletin[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|alt=(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org know if you have any feedback or suggestions for improvement! </div> </div> <section end="content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 22:04, 31 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RAdimer-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedia_Foundation_Bulletin&oldid=30333201 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin 2026 Issue 7</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="content" /> <div class="plainlinks"> [[File:Wikimedia Foundation logo - horizontal.svg|150px|right|class=skin-invert|link=]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here is a quick overview of highlights from the Wikimedia Foundation since our last issue on March 28. Please help [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2026/7|translate]].''</div> <div style="clear:both"></div> ---- [[File:People browsing on smartphone together - RWiC.png|right|thumb|150px|]] '''Highlights''' *'''Community Wishlist update''': This [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Updates#April 7, 2026: What we have done so far and what the team will be working on in the next months|monthly update covers]] how 44 wishes were fulfilled, 17 are in progress, and 15 more will start work soon. It includes completion of work on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Watchlist labels|Watchlist labels]], which allow users to add labels to items in their watchlist to help with managing and filtering; fixing a bug with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/W265|preview page feature]]; indexing of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/W303|Commons on Google & DuckDuckGo search]]; and a wish simplifying the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/W141|insertion of maths formulas]] in articles. You can submit, vote on, and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Wishes|subscribe to wishes]] here. *'''Goal setting for edit-a-thons''': The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] now includes a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents/Registration/Collaborative contributions#Goal setting|group goal-setting feature]], enabling organizers to set and track event goals such as the number of articles created and participating contributors in real time. This feature is now available on all Wikimedia wikis. Join the [[m:Event:Connection learning session 5|Connection Learning Session]] on April 14 at 16:00 UTC to learn more about this feature and new ways to promote events and campaigns to editors. *'''Collaboration with the United Nations''': Learn how the Foundation [[diffblog:2026/03/27/securing-our-collective-voice-why-engaging-with-the-united-nations-is-key-to-protecting-free-knowledge/|engages with the United Nations]] to secure our collective voice and protect free knowledge. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Product & Technology OKRs|Infrastructure]]''' <br /><small>''See also newsletters: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Newsletter|Wikimedia Apps]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters|Growth]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Product Safety and Integrity|Product Safety and Integrity]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Readers updates|Readers]]&nbsp;· [[m:Research:Newsletter|Research]]&nbsp;· [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech News]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Language and Internationalization Newsletter|Language and Internationalization]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Special:Newsletters|other newsletters on MediaWiki.org]]''</small> [[File:Mobile page previews mock.png|right|thumb|150px|Design mock for mobile page previews.]] *'''Navigating articles on mobile''': The Foundation is [[:en:Wikipedia:Village pump (technical)#Phase 1: Mobile page previews|launching an experiment]] to test how to make it easier and more intuitive for readers to navigate through articles on mobile. To do this, we want to test [[mw:Readers/Reader Growth/Mobile page previews|Mobile Page Previews.]] This experiment will go live the week of April 20 and will run for four weeks. *'''Editing tools for new editors''': [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#Tone check|Tone Check]] was [[phab:T419177|deployed on French, Japanese, and Portuguese Wikipedia]] as a default-on feature for editors who have published 100 or fewer edits locally. When promotional or subjective language is added, users are prompted to consider "neutralizing" the tone of the edit. *'''Managing watchlist labels''': The new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Watchlist labels|watchlist labels]] feature is now available via VisualEditor, the source editor, and the "watchstar" (or watch link, for skins that don’t have a star icon). Previously it was only possible to assign labels via [[m:Special:EditWatchlist|EditWatchlist]]. *'''Latest experiments''': See all upcoming, live, in-analysis, and completed [[m:List of experiments in Product and Technology|experiments in Product & Technology]]. A new experiment that just went live is one which aims to establish a [[phab:T419634|baseline retention rate]] for logged-in readers. *'''Latest Wikifunctions''': Check out the [[f:Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-04-02#Fresh Functions weekly: 102 new Functions|partial list]] of the 102 new functions created last week – likely the first week we have exceeded 100. *'''Tech News''': The latest highlights from Tech News weeks [[diffblog:2026/03/30/tech-news-2026-week-14/|14]] and [[diffblog:2026/04/06/tech-news-2026-week-15/|15]] include an [[mw:Contributors/Account Creation Experiments#2. Improve logged-out warning message (T415160)|ongoing A/B test]] running on 10 Wikipedias to evaluate a clearer, more user-friendly message that promotes account creation on wikis. See also the 68 community submitted tasks that were resolved over the last two weeks. *'''Community discussions on Semantic Search''': The Wikimedia Foundation, in collaboration with the CEE Hub, hosted a discussion session on [[diffblog:2026/01/08/semantic-search-making-it-easier-to-find-the-information-readers-want/|Semantic Search]] for members of the CEE Youth Group. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals/Volunteer Support|Volunteer Support]]''' <br /><small>''See also blogs: [[diffblog:global-advocacy|Global Advocacy blog]] · [https://mailchi.mp/wikimedia/global-advocacy-policy-newsletter Global Advocacy Newsletter] · [https://wikimediapolicy.medium.com Policy blog] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WikiLearn#Stay updated|WikiLearn News]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/The Wikipedia Library/Newsletter|The Wikipedia Library]] · [[m:Special:AllEvents|list of movement events]]''</small> *'''Don't Blink!''': This month's [[diffblog:2026/04/05/dont-blink-protecting-the-wikimedia-model-its-people-and-its-values-in-february-2026/|highlights from the Global Advocacy team]] include how the Wikimedia Foundation co-presented alongside the Internet Archive at the State of the Net conference. *'''Digital rights and inclusion''': Take a look at the [[diffblog:2026/04/07/youth-inclusion-open-data-inclusive-language-at-drif26-wikimedians-bring-community-solutions-to-shape-the-future/|sessions]] that Wikimedians and allied partners will lead during Digital Rights and Inclusion Forum [https://drif.paradigmhq.org/ (DRIF)] 2026. *'''Manuscript preservation''': The Wikimedia Foundation supported [[diffblog:2026/03/28/reconnecting-balinese-manuscripts-with-local-voices-wikisami-university-workshops-in-bali/|volunteer-lead workshops]] to write Balinese Wikipedia articles about palm-leaf manuscripts (''lontar'') from the Leiden University Library collection. *'''Youth content creators''': Wikimedia Indonesia, together with the Wikimedia Foundation, delivered an [[diffblog:2026/04/06/asean-y-impact-content-creators-engage-with-the-wikimedia-movement/|introductory session on Wikipedia]] for young content creators representing all 11 ASEAN member states. *'''Legal and Safety Contacts''': The Wikimedia Foundation has created a single [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Legal and Safety Contacts FAQ|"Legal and Safety Contacts" page]], to be linked in the footer of each wiki page. This will ensure that everyone has access to accurate and up to date Legal contact information. Insertion of the new links on different wikis will be done in stages, based on assessment of legal risk and necessity. *'''Building shared principals for the internet as a public good:''' The Global Advocacy team [https://wikimediapolicy.medium.com/a-shared-path-reinventing-an-internet-in-latin-america-that-serves-people-not-power-62b71c122ebf published a blog] with the Center for Studies on Freedom of Expression and Access to Information ([https://observatoriolegislativocele.com/en/ CELE]) and the Electronic Frontier Foundation ([https://www.eff.org/ EFF]) summarizing a workshop that brought together digital rights advocates from Latin America to dream of a "digital utopia." '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals/Effectiveness|Effectiveness]]''' <br /><small>''See also: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Progress made on last year's plan|Progress on the annual plan]]''</small> *'''Wikidata API''': Wikidata’s structured knowledge [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/wikidata-api-endpoints-wikimedia-enterprise/ is now available] through Wikimedia Enterprise. *'''Annual Planning and global trends''': Join the [[m:Event:America APP call|America APP call]] on April 21 at 18:00 UTC. This meeting is an opportunity for the Latin American community to ensure that the region's voice helps shape the Wikimedia Foundation's work and priorities for the next fiscal year. The call will be in Spanish with interpretation into Portuguese and English. The [[m:Wikimedia EDs and Foundation meetings|last meeting]] between Wikimedia EDs and Foundation staff was dedicated to discuss global trends too. More discussions are [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Collaboration#On-Wiki|happening on-wiki]] and in [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Collaboration#Co-created Community spaces|community spaces]] around different regions and projects. *'''Futures Lab:''' The world is changing around us. As the Wikimedia movement navigates this moment over a hundred Wikimedians from different Wikimedia projects came together to deepen our understanding of how these trends are impacting our people and projects at the [[diffblog:/2026/04/09/inside-the-wikimedia-futures-lab-how-the-wikimedia-movement-is-responding-to-a-changing-internet/|Wikimedia Futures Lab.]] *'''Fundraising Hub:''' The Wikimedia Foundation has launched [[:en:Wikipedia:Fundraising/Fundraising Hub|Fundraising Hub]] on English Wikipedia. The first discussion you can participate in is about distributing fundraising banner on English Wikipedia throughout the year. '''Board and Board committee updates''' <br /><small>''See [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard|Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News|Affiliations Committee Newsletter]]''</small> *'''Ombuds Commission''': Announcement of the [[m:Talk:Ombuds commission#Announcing the 2026 Ombuds Commission|2026 Ombuds Commission]], the small group of volunteers who investigate complaints about violations of the Privacy Policy, the Access to Nonpublic Personal Data Policy, the CheckUser Policy and the Oversight Policy. *'''Wikinews closure''': All Wikinews editions will be [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard#Board of Trustees Approves Closure of Wikinews|closed]] and switched to read-only mode on May 4. Content will remain accessible, but no new edits or articles will be able to be added. This closure was approved by the Board of Trustees of the Wikimedia Foundation following extended discussions. '''Other Movement-curated newsletters & news''' <br /><small>''See also:'' [[diffblog:|Diff blog]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Goings-on|Goings-on]]&nbsp;· [https://en.planet.wikimedia.org/ Planet Wikimedia]&nbsp;· [[:w:en:WP:SIGNPOST|Signpost (en)]]&nbsp;· [[:w:de:Wikipedia:Kurier|Kurier (de)]]&nbsp;· [[wikt:fr:Wiktionnaire:Actualités|Actualités du Wiktionnaire (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Regards sur l'actualité de la Wikimedia|Regards sur l’actualité de la Wikimedia (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Wikimag|Wikimag (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News|Education]]&nbsp;· [[outreachwiki:Special:MyLanguage/GLAM/Newsletter|GLAM]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia News|Milestones]]&nbsp;· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates|Wikidata]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CEE/Newsletter|Central and Eastern Europe]]&nbsp;· [[:m:Newsletters|other newsletters]]</small> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;"> '''[[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|Subscribe or unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2026/7|Help translate]]''' For information about the Bulletin and to read previous editions, see the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|project page on Meta-Wiki]]. Let foundationbulletin[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|alt=(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org know if you have any feedback or suggestions for improvement! </div> </div> <section end="content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 22:10, 14 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RAdimer-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedia_Foundation_Bulletin&oldid=30380476 --> == You may be an eligible candidate for the U4C election == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Greetings, The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] seeks candidates for the 2026 election. The U4C is the global committee responsible for overseeing enforcement of the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]]. Elections are held annually, if elected a committee member serves for two years. This year the U4C requires candidates to hold administrator rights on at least one wiki, which is why you are being contacted as you appear to hold this right. There are other requirements, such as candidates must be at least 18 years old and may not be employed by the Wikimedia Foundation or other related chapters and affiliates. You can find more information in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026#Call_for_Candidates|call for candidates on Meta-wiki]]. Additionally, the committee's working language is English; some ability to communicate in English is required. The election opens on 18 May, if you are eligible and interested you have until 10 May to submit your candidacy. There will week between for candidates to answer questions from the community. Voting takes place privately in [[m:Special:MyLanguage/SecurePoll|SecurePoll]], successful candidates must receive at least 60% support. More information is available on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|the 2026 Elections page]], including timelines and other candidacy information. If you read over the material and consider yourself qualified, please consider submitting your name to run for the committee. If you think someone else in your community might be interested and qualified, please encourage them to run. In partnership with the U4C -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 18:33, 28 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Keegan_(WMF)/test&oldid=30471754 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin 2026 Issue 8</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="content" /> <div class="plainlinks"> [[File:Wikimedia Foundation logo - horizontal.svg|150px|right|class=skin-invert|link=]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here is a quick overview of highlights from the Wikimedia Foundation since our last issue on April 10. Please help [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2026/08|translate]].''</div> <div style="clear:both"></div> ---- [[File:WP25 Graphics Cursor.png|right|thumb|150px|]] '''Highlights''' *'''Annual Planning''': The Wikimedia Foundation published the [[metawiki:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|draft Annual Plan]] for the coming fiscal year (2026&ndash;2027) which will focus on four main goals that directly respond to the external trends. The goals include increasing our reach, deepening engagement, protecting our projects and building speed and resilience to enable the change needed to respond to the internet being at an inflection point. Feedback welcome on [[metawiki:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|the talk page]] and [[metawiki:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Collaboration|many other places]]. *'''Global conversation''': A [[:m:Event:Global Call: Annual Planning Around the Puzzle Globe|global conversation about the Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan]] will take place on May 7 at 5:00 PM UTC. *'''Sustainable reuse of Wikimedia content''': The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Attribution API|Attribution API]] is now in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Stability policy|beta]]. It makes it easier to credit Wikimedia content fairly wherever it is used. It provides all information required by the [https://wikimedia-attribution.toolforge.org/ Wikimedia Attribution Framework] in a single, well-structured and easy-to-use endpoint, simplifying attribution for off-wiki reuse. Share your feedback on the [[mw:Talk:Attribution API|project talk page]]. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Product & Technology OKRs|Infrastructure]]'''<br/><small>''See also newsletters: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Newsletter|Wikimedia Apps]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters|Growth]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Product Safety and Integrity|Product Safety and Integrity]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Readers updates|Readers]]&nbsp;· [[m:Research:Newsletter|Research]]&nbsp;· [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech News]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Language and Internationalization Newsletter|Language and Internationalization]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Special:Newsletters|other newsletters on MediaWiki.org]]''</small> *'''Feedback on Article guidance''': Experienced editors are invited to [https://b24e11a4f1.catalyst.wmcloud.org/wiki/Main_Page test] the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|Article guidance]] feature. This tool helps less-experienced editors create structured, policy-compliant Wikipedia articles. Review [https://b24e11a4f1.catalyst.wmcloud.org/wiki/Category:Pages_using_article_guidance the outlines] and share your feedback on the [[mw:Talk:Article guidance|project talk page]]. Check out the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance/Test feature guide|step-by-step]] and [[c:File:Article Guidance workflow demo - April 2026.webm|video]] instructions. *'''Games Hub available on Android''': The Games Hub is live in the Wikipedia app for Android. This new feature offers a space for users to find all available [[mw:Wikimedia Apps/Team/Games|games]] in one place, explore archives, and get updates on new games. It currently includes ''[[mw:Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/TriviaGame|Which Came First?]]'', with more games coming soon. *'''Update to Wikipedia app for iOS''': A major update to the Wikipedia app for iOS has rolled out, redesigning the interface to align with Apple’s latest “Liquid Glass” visual design. [https://apps.apple.com/us/app/wikipedia/id324715238 Download the latest version] and explore the update. *'''Confirming email addresses''': On several wikis, logged-in editors who haven’t [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Email confirmation|confirmed their email addresses]] now see a banner encouraging them to do so. [[mw:Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security#Encouraging users to confirm their email addresses|Confirming the email address]] helps users restore account access if they lose it and receive messages about their accounts. It also provides an easy option to communicate with other users off-wiki if they choose. As of early 2026, about 62.9% of all registered Wikimedia [[metawiki:Help:Unified login|user accounts]] that have an email set had not confirmed it. *'''Testing mobile web page previews''': [[mw:Readers/Reader Growth/Mobile page previews|Mobile page previews]] experiment was launched on Arabic, English, French, Italian, Polish, and Vietnamese Wikipedias. Page previews are pop-ups that show a thumbnail, a lead paragraph, and a link to the full article to improve content discovery. It is already available on desktop and in the apps. *'''Account creation experiment''': [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments|Account creation experiment]] is live on Hindi, Indonesian, Bengali, Thai, and Hebrew Wikipedia targeting 10% of logged-out mobile web users. It looks at whether adding a button to create accounts in the mobile web header boosts new registrations and increases mobile users contributing to the wikis. *'''Experimenting with Hybrid Search on mobile apps''': The Hybrid Search [[mw:Readers/Information Retrieval/Phase 1|Phase 1 experiment]] on the Wikipedia Android app has concluded. It tested a combined keyword and meaning-based search methods to meet various information needs. The team is analyzing data and feedback, and will share insights and next steps soon. [[File:Android Explore Feed Top Read.png|right|thumb|150px|Top read element on the current Explore Feed on Android]] *'''Latest experiments''': See all live, upcoming, and completed [[metawiki:List of experiments in Product and Technology|experiments in Product & Technology]]. One [[phab:T419916|upcoming experiment]] is testing a refreshed Explore Feed to make it easier for readers to discover interesting content and visit Wikipedia app more often. *'''Wikifunctions''': Wikifunctions crossed 4,000 functions, with [[f:Z33366|subtracting two complex numbers]] as the 4,000th function. Also, Abstract Wikipedia reached 1,000 articles. The article about the famous Indian Brahmin [[abstract:Q9045|Chanakya]] marked this milestone. *'''Reading lists now a beta feature''': New accounts are now opted into [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/WE3.3.4 Reading lists|Reading lists]] by default on all Wikipedia wikis. This brings the "Save pages" feature to the web, which has been popular in mobile apps. For users in the beta, a "Save page" (bookmark) button appears in the toolbar on every page. The watch/unwatch (star) option moves to the tools menu. The "Watchlist" button in the top navigation shifts to the user menu. A new "Saved pages" button takes its place. In June, the feature will be available to all users and a user preference will be added to choose between two sets of buttons: Watch + Watchlist or Save + Saved list. The other set will be in the tool and user menus. *'''Structured Contents''': Article Images and Lists now in [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/structured-contents-article-images-and-lists/ Structured Contents payloads]. *'''Tech News''': The latest highlights from Tech News weeks [[diffblog:2026/04/13/tech-news-2026-issue-16/|16]] and [[diffblog:2026/04/20/tech-news-2026-issue-17/|17]] include CodeMirror 6 being promoted out of beta on Tuesday, April 21. See also the 45 community submitted tasks that were resolved over the last two weeks. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals/Volunteer Support|Volunteer Support]]'''<br/><small>''See also blogs: [[diffblog:global-advocacy|Global Advocacy blog]] · [https://mailchi.mp/wikimedia/global-advocacy-policy-newsletter Global Advocacy Newsletter] · [https://wikimediapolicy.medium.com Policy blog] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WikiLearn#Stay updated|WikiLearn News]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/The Wikipedia Library/Newsletter|The Wikipedia Library]] · [[m:Special:AllEvents|list of movement events]]''</small> *'''Wikimedia Research Fund submissions in review:''' The submission period for this year's [[metawiki:Grants:Programs/Wikimedia Research & Technology Fund/Wikimedia Research Fund|Wikimedia Research Fund]] is now closed. The technical and internal reviews of [[metawiki:Category:Under review Wikimedia Research Fund applications in FY 2025-26|the proposals]] have begun. *'''Events and conferences''': Take a look at the different community events happening later this year: [[metawiki:ESEAP Conference 2026|ESEAP Conference]] (May 15-17), [[metawiki:WikiConference India 2026|WikiConference India]] (Sep 4-6), [[wcna:2026/Main Page|WikiConference North America]] (Sep 24-27), [[metawiki:Language Diversity Conference|Language Diversity Conference]] (Oct 2 to 4), [[metawiki:Queering Wiki 2026|Queering Wiki]] (Oct 23-25), [[metawiki:WikiArabia 2026|WikiArabia]] (Nov 6-8). *'''Around the puzzle globe in the America region''': More than 60 people joined [[metawiki:Event:America APP call|America call]] to discuss the annual plan and the global trends impacting the movement. Participants came from across the region, and the audience included a mix of affiliates from LATAM, online contributors, and users with extended rights. *'''Transparency Report:''' The Wikimedia Foundation published a [[foundationsite:who-we-are/transparency/2025-2/|transparency report]] covering July to December 2025. '''Board and Board committee updates'''<br/><small>''See [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard|Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News|Affiliations Committee Newsletter]]''</small> *'''Board selection process''': The Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees is reviewing and improving [[metawiki:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Debrief|how it selects new members]]. The goal is to ensure that there is the right mix of expertise and community representation on the board. Join the conversation and share your ideas on [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Debrief|the talk page]]. '''Other Movement curated newsletters & news'''<br/><small>''See also:'' [[diffblog:|Diff blog]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Goings-on|Goings-on]]&nbsp;· [https://en.planet.wikimedia.org/ Planet Wikimedia]&nbsp;· [[:w:en:WP:SIGNPOST|Signpost (en)]]&nbsp;· [[:w:de:Wikipedia:Kurier|Kurier (de)]]&nbsp;· [[wikt:fr:Wiktionnaire:Actualités|Actualités du Wiktionnaire (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Regards sur l'actualité de la Wikimedia|Regards sur l’actualité de la Wikimedia (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Wikimag|Wikimag (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News|Education]]&nbsp;· [[outreachwiki:Special:MyLanguage/GLAM/Newsletter|GLAM]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia News|Milestones]]&nbsp;· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates|Wikidata]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CEE/Newsletter|Central and Eastern Europe]]&nbsp;· [[:m:Newsletters|other newsletters]]</small> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;"> '''[[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|Subscribe or unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2026/08|Help translate]]''' For information about the Bulletin and to read previous editions, see the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|project page on Meta-Wiki]]. Let foundationbulletin[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|alt=(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org know if you have any feedback or suggestions for improvement! </div> </div> <section end="content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 04:21, 29 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RAdimer-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedia_Foundation_Bulletin&oldid=30449136 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin 2026 Issue 9</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="content" /> <div class="plainlinks"> [[File:Wikimedia Foundation logo - horizontal.svg|150px|right|class=skin-invert|link=]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here is a quick overview of highlights from the Wikimedia Foundation since our last issue on April 25. Please help [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2026/09|translate]].''</div> <div style="clear:both"></div> ---- '''Highlights''' *'''Community Protection''': Wikimedia Foundation [[diffblog:2026/04/30/wikimedia-foundation-secured-governments-commitment-to-user-safety-privacy-and-content-integrity-ahead-of-administrative-registration-in-indonesia/|secured Indonesian government’s commitment]] to user safety, privacy, and content integrity ahead of administrative registration in Indonesia. *'''Stronger protections against bots''': Wikimedia Foundation is replacing our CAPTCHA with [[diffblog:2026/05/04/better-detecting-bots-and-replacing-our-captcha-part-2/|a new approach]] to detect bad-faith activities without making things harder for users. *'''Transparency Report:''' The Wikimedia Foundation has published its latest [[foundationsite:who-we-are/transparency/2025-2/|Transparency Report]]. This provides an overview of the work to protect Wikimedia projects and support the volunteer communities who handle the majority of content requests. Our users trust us to protect their identities against unlawful disclosure, and we take this responsibility seriously, granting only 1 of 30 requests for disclosure we received from July to December 2025. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Product & Technology OKRs|Infrastructure]]'''<br/><small>''See also newsletters: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Newsletter|Wikimedia Apps]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters|Growth]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Product Safety and Integrity|Product Safety and Integrity]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Readers updates|Readers]]&nbsp;· [[m:Research:Newsletter|Research]]&nbsp;· [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech News]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Language and Internationalization Newsletter|Language and Internationalization]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Special:Newsletters|other newsletters on MediaWiki.org]]''</small> [[File:Wikipedia app Reading Challenge - Opt into challenge.png|right|thumb|150px|Mock-up of the Wikipedia app reading challenge.]] *'''Reading Challenge''': As part of the 25th birthday celebrations, Wikipedia Mobile Apps launched a limited-time feature, the [[mw:Wikimedia Apps/Team/25th Birthday Reading Challenge|25-day reading challenge with Baby Globe]]. This challenge encourages a daily habit of reading one Wikipedia article. The goal is to motivate users to come back to the app regularly. *'''Latest experiments''': One [[mw:Product Safety and Integrity/Incident Reporting System#April 2026: Trial on English Wikipedia|upcoming experiment]] is introducing the Incident Reporting System (IRS) to help contributors easily find the right place to seek help when facing harassment or other issues. See all live, upcoming, and completed [[m:List of experiments in Product and Technology|experiments in Product & Technology]]. *'''Change in how new users are autoconfirmed''': The account age for [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Meta:Autoconfirmed users|autoconfirmed users]] will [[phab:T418484|now start]] from their first edit, not the registration date. This is to avoid exploitation by vandals. This change will only apply to wikis that require at least one edit for autoconfirmation. *'''Organized Reading lists''': All Wikipedia users with new accounts and those who activated the “automatically enable most beta features” option can now use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/WE3.3.4 Reading lists|reading lists]] beta feature. This lets you save articles for later reading and keep it organized in one place for easy access. *'''Thumbnail size preferences''': Default thumbnail size preference for article content is now [[phab:T424909|limited to three sizes]]: Small (180px), Regular (250px), and Large (400px). This change aims to improve performance and reduce strain on thumbnail services. Current preferences will shift to the nearest new size. *'''Wikifunctions''': To make the development of Abstract Wikipedia visible, the Foundation is [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-05-02|requesting your input]]: which metrics about Abstract Wikipedia pages do you deem important? *'''Tech News''': The latest highlights from Tech News weeks [[diffblog:2026/04/27/tech-news-2026-issue-18/|18]] and [[diffblog:2026/05/04/tech-news-2026-issue-19/|19]] include improvements on [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]]. See also the 62 community submitted tasks that were resolved over the last two weeks. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals/Volunteer Support|Volunteer Support]]'''<br/><small>''See also blogs: [[diffblog:global-advocacy|Global Advocacy blog]] · [https://mailchi.mp/wikimedia/global-advocacy-policy-newsletter Global Advocacy Newsletter] · [https://wikimediapolicy.medium.com Policy blog] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WikiLearn#Stay updated|WikiLearn News]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/The Wikipedia Library/Newsletter|The Wikipedia Library]] · [[m:Special:AllEvents|list of movement events]]''</small> *'''Annual Planning''': We welcome your [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|feedback]] on [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|the main talk page]] for the 2026–2027 draft Annual Plan and [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Collaboration|many other places]] for the coming fiscal year. *'''Wikimania''': Wikimania is a joyful event. It is a chance to celebrate our community and projects, share ideas and information, build connections among Wikimedians, and inspire and develop future projects. If you and your community are interested in hosting Wikimania in 2028 and 2029 submit an [[wmania:Wikimania:Expressions of Interest/Current call|expressions of interest]]. *'''Community Conferences''': The Foundation is supporting [[diffblog:2026/05/04/approved-wikimedia-conference-proposals-for-2026-round-2-continuing-to-connect-grow-and-learn-together/|15 strategic, diverse, and critical convenings]] taking place in 2026 and 2027, bringing together approximately 1800 Wikimedians across various regions, themes, and language communities. *'''Don't blink''': [[diffblog:2026/05/02/dont-blink-protecting-the-wikimedia-model-its-people-and-its-values-in-march-2026/|The latest developments]] from around the world about protecting the Wikimedia model, its people and its values. *'''Wiki Loves Monuments''': The winners of the 2025 Wiki Loves Monuments photo contest [[foundationsite:news/2026/04/29/2025-wiki-loves-monuments-photo-contest/|are announced]]. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals/Effectiveness|Effectiveness]]'''<br/><small>''See also: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Progress made on last year's plan|Progress on the annual plan]]''</small> *'''Enterprise''': How CivicLens Uses Wikidata APIs to [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/how-civiclens-uses-wikidata-apis/ Make Civic Data More Accessible]. '''Board and Board committee updates'''<br /><small>''See [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard|Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News|Affiliations Committee Newsletter]]''</small> *'''Wikinews closure''': All Wikinews have been [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard#Board of Trustees Approves Closure of Wikinews|closed]] and switched to read-only mode. Content will remain accessible, but no new edits or articles will be able to be added. This closure was approved by the Board of Trustees of the Wikimedia Foundation following extended discussions. *'''Affcom News''': Read [[m:Affiliations Committee/News|the latest issue of AffCom News (January-March 2026)]] to learn more about the latest news about the work of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee|Affiliations Committee]]. *'''Model for affiliates to support contributors through tools''': The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council|Product and Technology Advisory Council]] has published [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/May 2026 draft PTAC recommendation for feedback|draft recommendations]] on a model that affiliates can follow when contributing to the technical space. *'''Grantmaking''': The Global Resource Distribution Committee closed their request for feedback on [[m:Talk:Global Resource Distribution Committee#Request for feedback: What are the most significant challenges your community faces as it relates to resource distribution within the movement?|three initial questions about grantmaking]], and published their [[m:Talk:Global Resource Distribution Committee#GRDC update – April 2026|monthly update for April]]. '''Other Movement curated newsletters & news'''<br /><small>''See also:'' [[diffblog:|Diff blog]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Goings-on|Goings-on]]&nbsp;· [https://en.planet.wikimedia.org/ Planet Wikimedia]&nbsp;· [[:w:en:WP:SIGNPOST|Signpost (en)]]&nbsp;· [[:w:de:Wikipedia:Kurier|Kurier (de)]]&nbsp;· [[wikt:fr:Wiktionnaire:Actualités|Actualités du Wiktionnaire (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Regards sur l'actualité de la Wikimedia|Regards sur l’actualité de la Wikimedia (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Wikimag|Wikimag (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News|Education]]&nbsp;· [[outreachwiki:Special:MyLanguage/GLAM/Newsletter|GLAM]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia News|Milestones]]&nbsp;· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates|Wikidata]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CEE/Newsletter|Central and Eastern Europe]]&nbsp;· [[:m:Newsletters|other newsletters]]</small> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;"> '''[[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|Subscribe or unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2026/09|Help translate]]''' For information about the Bulletin and to read previous editions, see the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|project page on Meta-Wiki]]. Let foundationbulletin[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|alt=(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org know if you have any feedback or suggestions for improvement! </div> </div> <section end="content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 19:58, 12 Mayu 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RAdimer-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedia_Foundation_Bulletin&oldid=30515701 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin 2026 Issue 10</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="content" /> <div class="plainlinks"> [[File:Wikimedia Foundation logo - horizontal.svg|150px|right|class=skin-invert|link=]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here is a quick overview of highlights from the Wikimedia Foundation since our last issue on May 8. Please help [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2026/10|translate]].''</div> <div style="clear:both"></div> ---- '''Highlights''' *'''Community Wishlist discussion''': Product & Technology [[m:Community_Wishlist/Updates#May_20,_2026:_Community_Tech_becomes_a_program|introduced changes]] meant to increase the number and complexity of wishes fulfilled, including the disbanding of the Community Tech team. They are [[m:Community Wishlist/Updates|engaging in discussions]] about a [[m:Talk:Community_Wishlist#Proposed_direction_for_Wishlist|proposed direction for the wishlist]] from community members. Includes ways to structure annual voting, better tracking of wishes, removing focus areas, and [[m:Community Wishlist/Updates|staffing updates]]. *'''Digital Public Goods''': The Wikimedia Foundation [[foundationsite:news/2026/05/13/wikimedia-foundation-joins-the-digital-public-goods-alliance/|has become a member]] of the Digital Public Goods Alliance (DPGA). *'''Better bot detection''': A [[diffblog:2025/09/02/better-detecting-bots-and-replacing-our-captcha/|trial of hCaptcha]] on several Wikipedias, including English, French, and Japanese, showed it can effectively detect and deter bad-faith automated activity, on its own and by giving [[:w:en:Wikipedia:Village pump (technical)/Archive 225#Introducing SuggestedInvestigations|checkusers and stewards]] signals to look into. Based on these results, hCaptcha will be rolled out across all wikis. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Anti-abuse signals/hCaptcha|See the project page]] for technical information about the implementation and privacy protections. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Product & Technology OKRs|Infrastructure]]'''<br/><small>''See also newsletters: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Newsletter|Wikimedia Apps]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters|Growth]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Product Safety and Integrity|Product Safety and Integrity]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Readers updates|Readers]]&nbsp;· [[m:Research:Newsletter|Research]]&nbsp;· [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech News]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Language and Internationalization Newsletter|Language and Internationalization]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Special:Newsletters|other newsletters on MediaWiki.org]]''</small> [[File:Attribution examples.png|right|thumb|200px|Example of the Attribution Framework recommendations.]] *'''A better way to give credit''': [[diffblog:2026/05/18/a-better-way-to-give-credit-introducing-the-wikimedia-attribution-framework-and-api/|The Wikimedia Attribution Framework and API]] makes it simple for developers to fairly credit volunteer contribution. When anyone encounters Wikimedia content, we want them to know that it comes from our projects, and they are invited to participate. *'''Baby Globe joins the Reading Challenge''': The Android and iOS Wikipedia apps released the [[foundationsite:news/2026/05/19/want-to-read-more-download-the-wikipedia-app/|25-day reading challenge]], to drive readers engagement through reading milestones. To track their reading streak during the challenge, users can add a widget featuring Baby Globe to their home screen. *'''Account security''': The Foundation is technically enforcing that all [[m:Mandatory two-factor authentication for users with some extended rights|privileges that enable users to take security- or privacy-sensitive actions]] can only be held by users who have enabled [[m:Help:Two-factor authentication|two-factor authentication]]. Logging in with passkeys is quicker than logging in without two-factor authentication. In addition, logged-in users can see a banner encouraging them to confirm their email address. These changes secure individual accounts as well as communities and the wikis. *'''Incident reporting form''': The Foundation began a [[w:en:Wikipedia:Village pump (WMF)#Two-month trial of an incident reporting form|trial on English Wikipedia]] of the incident reporting form. 60% of unblocked logged-in users see a new Report button, allowing them to report conduct issues. *'''Encouraging account creation''': Following a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments#LOWM|successful account creation experiment]], an improved logged-out edit warning message will be deployed to all Wikimedia wikis this week. [[phab:T424595|The change]] will only affect logged-out users on mobile web who open an editing session. *'''Wikimedia Android App''': The Wikipedia Android App is at the [[mw:Wikimedia Apps/Team/Explore Feed Refresh/Phase 1|Phase 1]] of redesigning its Home Feed. The new feed includes two tabs: ''Community,'' featuring refreshed Explore content, and ''For You,'' with personalized reading recommendations based on reader interests and activity. The ''For You'' feed refreshes daily with updated suggestions. *'''Better discovery of images''': The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/Image Browsing|Image Browsing]] beta feature was rolled out for all Wikipedias on mobile following two successful experiments. The beta feature will include a carousel of all an article’s images at the top of the article, with controls for editors to [[mw:Readers/Reader Growth/Image Browsing#Phase 2.1 beta feature|exclude images from the article’s carousel or to exclude an article from the feature entirely]]. *'''Reading Lists feature''': The Foundation is conducting an experiment to show the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/Reading lists|reading lists]] feature, which is still in development, to logged-out mobile readers to test whether it encourages account creation at a higher rate compared to the watchstar button. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/Reading lists#Experiment timeline|experiment]] was launched on May 18 on German, Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, Polish, Dutch, Turkish, and Urdu wikis, and will run for a month. [[File:Quote share design mockup.png|right|thumb|200px|A design mockup of what the share card looks like.]] *'''Testing Suggestion Mode''': [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Suggestion Mode|Suggestion Mode]] was released as an [[w:en:A/B test|A/B test]] for newcomer editors on the mobile website at [[phab:T421189|~15 Wikipedias]]. The experiment will measure its impact on the proportion of newcomer mobile web edit sessions that result in constructive (un-reverted) article edits. It will also evaluate the feature’s impact on editor retention and monitor changes in revert and block rates. *'''Wikifunctions now supports Wikidata references''': References in Wikidata statements are now [[f:Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-05-08|available on Wikifunctions]], and you now can use external links in [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-03-06|Wikifunctions-generated citations]]. This allows the use of more than 1.3 billion references available in Wikidata and adding them as citations to individual statements in Abstract Wikipedia. *'''Pilot wikis adopting Abstract Wikipedia:''' The Abstract Wikipedia team has identified five potential pilot wikis to assess their interest in adopting abstract articles on their wikis. The pilots are Malayalam, Bengali, Dagbani, Arabic, and Indonesian Wikipedia. If your community is interested in becoming a pilot, [[m:Talk:Abstract Wikipedia|let us know on Meta]]. *'''Latest experiments''': An [[m:List of experiments in Product and Technology|upcoming experiment]] is testing whether we can serve readers better when a footnote click in read mode shows the full bibliographic information rather than flying them to the reference list. See all live, upcoming, and completed [[m:Special:MyLanguage/List of experiments in Product and Technology|experiments in Product & Technology]]. *'''Tech News''': The latest highlights from Tech News weeks [[diffblog:2026/05/11/tech-news-2026-issue-20/|20]], [[diffblog:2026/05/18/tech-news-2026-issue-21/|21]], [[diffblog:2026/05/25/tech-news-2026-issue-22/|22]], [[diffblog:2026/06/01/tech-news-2026-issue-23/|23]] include an experiment to test a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/Share Card|Share Card feature]] that allows readers to create visually engaging cards from Wikipedia articles and share them online See also the 92 community submitted tasks that were resolved over the last two weeks. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals/Volunteer Support|Volunteer Support]]'''<br/><small>''See also blogs: [[diffblog:global-advocacy|Global Advocacy blog]] · [https://mailchi.mp/wikimedia/global-advocacy-policy-newsletter Global Advocacy Newsletter] · [https://wikimediapolicy.medium.com Policy blog] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WikiLearn#Stay updated|WikiLearn News]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/The Wikipedia Library/Newsletter|The Wikipedia Library]] · [[m:Special:AllEvents|list of movement events]]''</small> *'''Tech blog moved to Diff''': The [[diffblog:2026/05/28/a-diff-tech-blog/|migration of the Techblog to Diff]] is now complete: 138 posts going back over a decade have been successfully migrated. Diff is now happy to welcome technology-focused blog posts with renewed vigor. *'''What’s new in the Wikipedia Library''': Access to the American Psychological Association was renewed and collections from the Harvard Business Review and Swiss Media Database (Swissdox) are now available to editors who are eligible for [[diffblog:2026/05/31/whats-new-in-the-wikipedia-library-jan-mar-2026/|The Wikipedia Library]]. *'''New course on WikiLearn''': [[diffblog:2026/05/29/a-new-online-course-for-researchers-who-want-to-make-their-field-more-visible-on-wikipedia/|A free self-paced online course]], designed for researchers who want to make their field more visible on Wikipedia, was launched on WikiLearn. Share "[https://learn.wiki/courses/course-v1:WikimediaFoundation+WR001+2026/about Wikipedia for Researchers]” if you work with early-career researchers, teach in an academic institution, or support open knowledge communities. *'''Wiki Mentor Africa:''' The first edition of [[diffblog:2026/05/29/wiki-mentor-africa-women-tech-summit-a-story-of-learning-confidence-and-community/|Wiki Mentor Africa - Women Tech Summit]] brought together over 315 registered participants across Africa to learn, explore, and grow in tech together. *'''Let's Connect Learning Clinic''': If you missed it, you can now [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lnjFIQVJVnU watch the recording] of the Let's Connect Learning Clinic "How to support up-and-coming groups in the movement as a long-time Wikimedian" with Wikimedistas El Salvador. *'''Community Conferences''': Registration for [[diffblog:2026/06/02/wikiconference-north-america-registration-opens-on-june-3/|WikiConference North America]] and [[diffblog:2026/05/30/call-for-self-funded-registration-now-open-queering-wiki-conference-2026/|Queering Wiki Conference]] is now opened. [[diffblog:2026/05/15/programme-submissions-call-for-speakers-for-the-queering-wiki-2026-conference-is-now-open/|Call for Speakers]] for the Queering Wiki is also opened until June 30. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals/Effectiveness|Effectiveness]]'''<br/><small>''See also: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Progress made on last year's plan|Progress on the annual plan]]''</small> *'''Sharing the Form 990s:''' The Wikimedia Foundation and the Wikimedia Endowment published their Form 990s, covering the fiscal year that ran from July 2024 to June 2025. The Form 990 is an annual form required of all nonprofit organizations in the United States. You can read the [[diffblog:2026/05/18/sharing-the-wikimedia-foundation-and-wikimedia-endowment-fiscal-year-2024-2025-form-990s/|highlights]] on [[m:IRS tax related information/2024 Wikimedia Foundation Form 990 Frequently Asked Questions|Form 990 for the Foundation]] and [[m:Wikimedia Endowment reports/Financial/Form 990/2024-2025 - frequently asked questions|Form 990 for the Endowment]] on Meta-Wiki. *'''Wikimedia Enterprise''': Wikimedia Enterprise's free API accounts gets [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/enhanced-free-api/ a substantial upgrade] across the Snapshot and On-demand APIs, including free access to Structured Contents Snapshots. *'''Structured Contents''': [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/how-databricks-parsed-wikipedia-to-markdown-with-python/ How Databricks Parsed Wikipedia] to Markdown with Python. '''Board and Board committee updates'''<br/><small>''See [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard|Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News|Affiliations Committee Newsletter]]''</small> *'''Board selection process''': The Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees is reviewing and improving [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Debrief|how it selects new members]]. The goal is to ensure that there is the right mix of expertise and community representation on the board. Join the conversation on [[m:Event:Board Selection Process Conversation - June 2026|16 June at 17:00 UTC]], and share your ideas on [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Debrief|the talk page]]. '''Other Movement curated newsletters & news'''<br/><small>''See also:'' [[diffblog:|Diff blog]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Goings-on|Goings-on]]&nbsp;· [https://en.planet.wikimedia.org/ Planet Wikimedia]&nbsp;· [[:w:en:WP:SIGNPOST|Signpost (en)]]&nbsp;· [[:w:de:Wikipedia:Kurier|Kurier (de)]]&nbsp;· [[wikt:fr:Wiktionnaire:Actualités|Actualités du Wiktionnaire (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Regards sur l'actualité de la Wikimedia|Regards sur l’actualité de la Wikimedia (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Wikimag|Wikimag (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News|Education]]&nbsp;· [[outreachwiki:Special:MyLanguage/GLAM/Newsletter|GLAM]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia News|Milestones]]&nbsp;· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates|Wikidata]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CEE/Newsletter|Central and Eastern Europe]]&nbsp;· [[:m:Newsletters|other newsletters]]</small> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;"> '''[[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|Subscribe or unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2026/10|Help translate]]''' For information about the Bulletin and to read previous editions, see the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|project page on Meta-Wiki]]. If you have feedback or suggestions about the bulletin, let us know at foundationbulletin[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|alt=(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org. For questions about the Wikimedia Foundation's work, [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Contact us|contact us]]! </div> </div> <section end="content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 22:31, 9 ga Yuni, 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RAdimer-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedia_Foundation_Bulletin&oldid=30647051 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin 2026 Issue 11</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="content" /> <div class="plainlinks"> [[File:Wikimedia Foundation logo - horizontal.svg|150px|right|class=skin-invert|link=]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here is a quick overview of highlights from the Wikimedia Foundation since our last issue on June 5. Please help [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2026/11|translate]].''</div> ---- '''Highlights''' [[File:Baby Globe in Paris.gif|thumb|150px|The Wikimania program [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/wm/wikimania2026/schedule/ is now live]!]] *'''Community Wishlist''': Weigh in on proposals and open questions on how the [[m:Community_Wishlist/Updates#June_17,_2026:_Wishlist_program_in_the_future|wishlist will operate in the future.]] *'''Simplifying account creation:''' The Foundation is working on improving the [[diffblog:2026/06/11/wikipedias-account-creation-process-is-broken/|account creation process]] to reduce potential friction for newcomers to create an account. Improvements include making "Create Account" icon more prominent on mobile, simplifying the registration form, and introducing real-time username validation. *'''New U4C members elected:''' The Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) has [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2026/Results|new members]] and has two remaining vacancies in Middle East & North Africa and Sub-Saharan Africa. *'''Wikimania conference program''': The Wikimania 2026 program is [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/wm/wikimania2026/schedule/ now live]! Take a moment to review the program, and, if you are logged in, you can mark your "must see” sessions with a star to start building your personal schedule. Register for [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/wm/wikimania2026/#tickets a virtual ticket] here, if you haven't signed up yet. *'''Neutral Point of View''': [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Proposed_baseline_NPOV_standard|A proposal for a baseline NPOV standard]] for Wikipedias that do not have one was published, with [[m:Talk:Proposed_baseline_NPOV_standard|a community discussion]] open until July 15, 2026. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Product & Technology OKRs|Infrastructure]]'''<br/><small>''See also newsletters: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Newsletter|Wikimedia Apps]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters|Growth]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Product Safety and Integrity|Product Safety and Integrity]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Readers updates|Readers]]&nbsp;· [[m:Research:Newsletter|Research]]&nbsp;· [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech News]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Language and Internationalization Newsletter|Language and Internationalization]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Special:Newsletters|other newsletters on MediaWiki.org]]''</small> [[File:Phase 1 Feed - Community Tab.jpg|thumb|250px|Screenshot showing the Explore Feed refresh in the Wikipedia app (from the Community tab entry point)]] *'''App Explore feed''': The [[mw:Wikimedia Apps/Team/Explore Feed Refresh|redesigned App Explore feed]], now called "Home", has been released to all Android users. The update introduces a refreshed feed experience along with the first set of new content modules, including Did You Know, Places of Interest, Random Article, and a new end-of-feed experience. Additional content and improvements are planned in future releases. *'''Wikipedia games''': The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS/"Which came first?" Game|Which came first?]] daily trivia game is now available in the beta version of the Wikipedia iOS app in English, German, French, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, Arabic, Chinese, and Turkish. The game uses historical events from Wikipedia’s “On This Day” content and challenges readers to guess which of two events happened first. *'''Reusing references''': [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|Sub-referencing]], a new MediaWiki feature that allows editors to reuse references with different details, has been rolled out to [[wikitech:Deployments/Train#Wednesday|Group 1 wikis]] and French Wikipedia following a successful pilot phase. *'''Article guidance''': The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|Article guidance]] feature is being tested with some editors creating new articles on the Simple English, French, and Turkish Wikipedias. The experiment will soon begin on the Arabic and Bangla Wikipedias as well. The outlines guide less experienced editors in creating high-quality articles. A quick guide to markups used in outlines can be found on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance/Test feature guide#Markups in outlines|this page]]. [[w:en:simple:Wikipedia:Article Guidance|Example outlines]] that can be adapted and instructions for how to adapt them are on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance#Adapting a sample outline in a Wikipedia|this section]] of the project page. *'''Mobile Page Previews''': The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/Mobile page previews#Experimentation|Page Previews experiment]] on mobile web has concluded with the decision not to roll out the feature. The results showed no statistically significant impact on reader retention – the primary success metric. Page Previews, which are already available on desktop and in the apps, display a thumbnail, lead paragraph, and link to the full article when readers tap a blue link. *'''Wikifunctions''': You can now [[f:Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-06-05|add images]] to Abstract Wikipedia and the loading and display of test results when viewing Functions has been improved. *'''Wikidata''': The Foundation is migrating the [[d:Wikidata:SPARQL query service|Wikidata Query Service]] (WDQS) away from the Blazegraph backend since it no longer scales efficiently with Wikidata’s growth. The migration will take place in several phases. Here is [[d:Wikidata:SPARQL query service/WDQS backend update#Migration Phases (more detail to come)|the timeline]]. *'''Growth features:''' Growth features are [[phab:T418115|now available at Wikidata]]!''' ''' Wikidata administrators are still configuring the features through Community Configuration, but this update enables access to Mentorship ([[mw:help:Growth/Mentorship|if configured]]), Impact, the Help Panel, and a simplified Newcomer Homepage (without Suggested Edits). *'''Mentors' management''': The Growth team will soon provide a system to automatically suspend or remove inactive mentors from the [[mw:help:Growth/Mentorship#Automated mentor list cleanup|list of mentors]]. Communities can already start configuring the process in the Community Configuration. *'''Collaborative''' '''Contributions''': If you need help setting up the Collaborative Contributions and the Goal setting features, check out these [[c:Category:Collaborative contributions video guides|video guides]]. These features allow you to view which edits are made during an event and allows the group to track progress against a goal with a public progress bar. [[mw:Help:Extension:CampaignEvents/Registration/Collaborative contributions|Learn more]]. *'''Latest experiments''': An [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/Reference Previews|upcoming experiment]] is testing whether we can serve readers better when a footnote click in read mode shows the full bibliographic information rather than flying them to the reference list. See all live, upcoming, and completed [[m:Special:MyLanguage/List of experiments in Product and Technology|experiments in Product & Technology]]. *'''Tech News''': The latest highlights from Tech News week [[diffblog:2026/06/08/tech-news-2026-issue-24/|24]] and [[diffblog:2026/06/15/tech-news-2026-issue-25/|25]] include how the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex/Design/Icons|user interface icon library]] is [[phab:T399175|being updated.]] Most of the ~300 icons have been slightly refined and ~30 new icons have been added. See also the 62 community submitted tasks that were resolved over the last two weeks. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals/Volunteer Support|Volunteer Support]]'''<br /><small>''See also blogs: [[diffblog:global-advocacy|Global Advocacy blog]] · [https://mailchi.mp/wikimedia/global-advocacy-policy-newsletter Global Advocacy Newsletter] · [https://wikimediapolicy.medium.com Policy blog] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WikiLearn#Stay updated|WikiLearn News]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/The Wikipedia Library/Newsletter|The Wikipedia Library]] · [[m:Special:AllEvents|list of movement events]]''</small> *'''Digital Safety''': [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation/Legal/Community_Resilience_and_Sustainability/Human_Rights/Office_Hours_FY25/26_Q4|Join a conversation about Using AI Safely.]] It'll explore risks & concerns of using AI tools in personal and organisational contexts and practical strategies to reduce those risks. It will take place at 03:30 UTC & 14:30 UTC on June 26. This session is not about using AI to edit Wikipedia. It's focused entirely on safe personal and organisational use. *'''Don't Blink''': Read [[diffblog:2026/06/06/dont-blink-protecting-the-wikimedia-model-its-people-and-its-values-in-april-2026/|the latest developments]] from around the world about protecting the Wikimedia model, its people and its values. Highlights include exploring the implications that new child safety regulations have on privacy online. *'''Grantmaking strategy & Affiliate model''': Members of the [[m:Global_Resource_Distribution_Committee|Global Resources Distribution Committee]] (GRDC) and the [[m:Affiliations_Committee|Affiliations Committee (AffCom)]] met to advance two key movement initiatives: the development of a new Grantmaking strategy and a refreshed Affiliate Model. They produced initial proposals and advanced work on both initiatives ahead of broader conversations planned for Wikimania 2026. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals/Effectiveness|Effectiveness]]'''<br/><small>''See also: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Progress made on last year's plan|Progress on the annual plan]]''</small> *'''Enterprise''': [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/how-simppl-fact-checks-social-media/ SimPPL Uses Wikimedia Enterprise] to Map Online Conversations and Fact-Check Social Media. '''Other Movement curated newsletters & news'''<br/><small>''See also:'' [[diffblog:|Diff blog]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Goings-on|Goings-on]]&nbsp;· [https://en.planet.wikimedia.org/ Planet Wikimedia]&nbsp;· [[w:en:WP:SIGNPOST|Signpost (en)]]&nbsp;· [[:w:de:Wikipedia:Kurier|Kurier (de)]]&nbsp;· [[wikt:fr:Wiktionnaire:Actualités|Actualités du Wiktionnaire (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Regards sur l'actualité de la Wikimedia|Regards sur l’actualité de la Wikimedia (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Wikimag|Wikimag (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News|Education]]&nbsp;· [[outreachwiki:Special:MyLanguage/GLAM/Newsletter|GLAM]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia News|Milestones]]&nbsp;· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates|Wikidata]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CEE/Newsletter|Central and Eastern Europe]]&nbsp;· [[:m:Newsletters|other newsletters]]</small> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;"> '''[[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|Subscribe or unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2026/11|Help translate]]''' For information about the Bulletin and to read previous editions, see the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|project page on Meta-Wiki]]. If you have feedback or suggestions about the bulletin, let us know at foundationbulletin[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|alt=(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org. For questions about the Wikimedia Foundation's work, [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Contact us|contact us]]! </div> </div> <section end="content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 22:38, 23 ga Yuni, 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RAdimer-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedia_Foundation_Bulletin&oldid=30717735 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin 2026 Issue 12</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="content" /> <div class="plainlinks"> [[File:Wikimedia Foundation logo - horizontal.svg|150px|right|class=skin-invert|link=]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">''Here is a quick overview of highlights from the Wikimedia Foundation since our last issue on June 19. Please help [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2026/12|translate]].'' This edition uses the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|new annual plan goals]] for this fiscal year (July 2026–June 2027).</div> <div style="clear:both"></div> ---- '''Highlights''' *'''Wikipedia 25''': Wikipedia's 25th birthday was celebrated with various projects designed to grow awareness and support for Wikipedia and the people who make it possible. This includes the virtual birthday event on January 15, which garnered 10,000 live viewers and 15,000 reactions. Find more details on all related projects and results in [[m:Wikipedia 25/Results|the program report]]. *'''Sustainable use of Wikimedia infrastructure''': A valid user-agent string will now be required for automated dumps downloads from the dumps.wikimedia.org website. Automated requests that provide a generic or empty user-agent will be blocked. This [[phab:T400119|extends enforcement]] of the long standing [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Wikimedia Foundation User-Agent Policy|user-agent policy]]. Access to dumps through Wikimedia Cloud Services will not change. *'''Increasing account creation''': [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments|The experiment]] providing direct access to “Create account” and “Log in” actions on mobile increased account creation by about 20% without negatively affecting edit quality. The feature will now be [[phab:T428220|rolled out to all wikis]] on mobile web. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Goals/Engage|Engage]]'''<br/><small>''See also: [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters|Growth]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Product Safety and Integrity|Product Safety and Integrity]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech News]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Language and Internationalization Newsletter|Language and Internationalization]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/The Wikipedia Library/Newsletter|The Wikipedia Library]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:AllEvents|list of movement events]]&nbsp;· [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia]]''</small> [[File:Sub-referencing – add details to a main reference.png|thumb|250px|With Sub-referencing editors can reuse and add details to a main reference.]] *'''Add A Link''': The Foundation deployed [[mw:Help:Suggestion mode#Add a link|Add A Link]] as a default-on suggestion within [[mw:VisualEditor/Suggestion Mode|Suggestion Mode]]. It is now launched on all wikis to all editors who have opted in to the Suggestion Beta Feature. *'''Reusing references''': [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|Sub-referencing]], the new MediaWiki feature that allows editors to reuse references with different details, was deployed to most small and medium-sized Wikipedia language versions. *'''Wikifunctions''': Check out [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-06-26|the 71 new functions]] with implementations to get a taste of what functions have been created. *'''Range calculator''': The special page [[m:Special:RangeCalculator|Special:RangeCalculator]] has been created. It allows users to find an IP range without needing to rely on external tools. Until now, this tool was only available to CheckUsers. *'''Captcha verification''': Abuse filters that are set to “require CAPTCHA verification” now [[phab:T402595|also affect users]] with the <code>skipcaptcha</code> right, which includes most autoconfirmed users. Bots are exempted. This change only affects edits that trigger an abuse filter. *'''Latest experiments''': An [[mw:Readers/Reader Experience/WE 3.5.5 Donor badge experiment|upcoming experiment]] is testing two variations of a "thank you" badge shown to donors after a recent donation to deepen the relationship between donors and the Wikimedia movement. See all live, upcoming, and completed [[m:Special:MyLanguage/List of experiments in Product and Technology|experiments in Product & Technology]]. *'''Account security on private wikis''': [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Two-factor authentication|Two-factor authentication]] will become mandatory for user accounts on private wikis. This will protect private information from being exposed by an account with a compromised password. *'''Tech News''': The latest highlights from Tech News week [[diffblog:2026/06/24/tech-news-2026-issue-26/|26]] and [[diffblog:2026/06/29/tech-news-2026-issue-27/|27]] include users will now get a notification when they are blocked or unblocked from editing, or if this block changes. See also the 65 community submitted tasks that were resolved over the last two weeks. *'''Team Challenges''': The core organizing team for Wikimania is introducing [[diffblog:2026/06/24/team-challenges-new-perspectives-and-innovation-at-wikimania-2026/|Team Challenges]], a different approach to Wikimania Hackathon. This year, Wikimedians and professionals from other fields will join forces to undertake one of the 2026 technical challenges. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Goals/Enable|Enable]]'''<br/><small>''See also: [[m:Research:Newsletter|Research newsletter]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WikiLearn#Stay updated|WikiLearn News]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Special:Newsletters|other newsletters on MediaWiki.org]]''</small> *'''Wikimedia Hackathon''': A look at the [[diffblog:2026/06/29/wikimedia-hackathon-2026-building-collaborating-and-shaping-the-future-together/|2026 edition of Wikimedia Hackathon]] which brought together 216 participants from 29 countries building, collaborating, and shaping the future together. *'''Wikimedia Hubs''': The [[m:Grants:Wikimedia Hub Fund|Hub Fund]] will [[diffblog:2026/06/29/hub-fund-and-hub-piloting-a-look-back-and-whats-ahead/|pause funding for new pilots]] in fiscal year 2026–2027 to align with the work on the Ecosystem of Movement Organizations and the Global Resource Distribution Committee. Existing pilots in transition will be offered an additional year of funding. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Goals/Protect|Protect]]'''<br/><small>''See also: [[diffblog:global-advocacy|Global Advocacy blog]]&nbsp;· [https://mailchi.mp/wikimedia/global-advocacy-policy-newsletter Global Advocacy Newsletter]&nbsp;· [https://wikimediapolicy.medium.com Policy blog]''</small> *'''Open Knowledge And Digital Rights''': Wikimedians shared [[diffblog:2026/06/29/bridging-open-knowledge-and-digital-rights-reflections-from-drif-2026-and-the-wikimedia-community/|their reflections]] on how Digital Rights and Inclusion Forum reinforced the role of our movement within broader digital rights conversations. '''Annual Goals Progress on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Goals/Reach|Reach]]'''<br/><small>''See also: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Newsletter|Wikimedia Apps]]&nbsp;· [[mw:Newsletter:Readers updates|Readers]]''</small> *'''Journalism Award''': Wikimedia Foundation [[foundationsite:news/2026/06/24/african-journalists-open-the-knowledge-awards-icfj-wikimedia/|announced]] three journalists from Africa as recipients of the [https://www.icfj.org/our-work/open-knowledge-journalism-awards Open the Knowledge Journalism Awards,] run in partnership with the [https://www.icfj.org/ International Center for Journalists] (ICFJ). The awards celebrate the essential role journalists play in creating well-researched articles that volunteer editors can use as source materials to develop content on Wikipedia and other Wikimedia projects. In total, 320 submissions were received from 40 African countries. '''Other Movement-curated newsletters & news'''<br/><small>''[[diffblog:|Diff blog]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Goings-on|Goings-on]]&nbsp;· [https://en.planet.wikimedia.org/ Planet Wikimedia]&nbsp;· [[w:en:WP:SIGNPOST|Signpost (en)]]&nbsp;· [[w:de:Wikipedia:Kurier|Kurier (de)]]&nbsp;· [[wikt:fr:Wiktionnaire:Actualités|Actualités du Wiktionnaire (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Regards sur l'actualité de la Wikimedia|Regards sur l'actualité de la Wikimedia (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Wikimag|Wikimag (fr)]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News|Education]]&nbsp;· [[outreachwiki:Special:MyLanguage/GLAM/Newsletter|GLAM]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia News|Milestones]]&nbsp;· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates|Wikidata]]&nbsp;· [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CEE/Newsletter|Central and Eastern Europe]]&nbsp;· [[m:Newsletters|other newsletters]]''</small> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;"> '''[[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|Subscribe or unsubscribe]] · [https://lists.wikimedia.org/postorius/lists/foundation-bulletin.lists.wikimedia.org/ Receive the bulletin by email] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2026/12|Help translate]]''' For information about the Bulletin and to read previous editions, see the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|project page on Meta-Wiki]]. If you have feedback or suggestions about the bulletin, let us know at foundationbulletin@wikimedia.org. For questions about the Wikimedia Foundation's work, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Contact us|contact us]]! </div> </div> <section end="content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 23:54, 7 ga Yuli, 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RAdimer-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedia_Foundation_Bulletin&oldid=30775782 --> 4oo0rjnol2h01fduyzvav6fa2395w7p 0 9255 878655 868016 2026-07-07T19:38:26Z Kaddi123 38060 878655 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:ISS067-E-147816 - View of Earth.jpg|thumb|Sabon birni]] '''Sabon Birni''' [[Kananan Hukumomin Nijeriya| karamar hukuma]] ce dake a [[Jihar Sokoto]], Arewa maso yamman [[Nijeriya]].<ref> "Polling Unit Locator Tool". Abuja, Nigeria: Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC). December 28, 2019. Retrieved December 28, 2019.</ref>Sabon birni local government ce dake gabacin sokoto state,tana daya daga cikin manya local government a sokoto, local government ce da ake Kira kasar gobir,tanda tsohon kilometers 200 daga birni sokoto,mafi yawan jama'a wannan lokal government Muslimi Fulani ne, local government ce dake Yan boko da Yan kasuwa da manoama, Mafi yawan cin jama'a wannan lokal government manoma ne,tana kusanci da janhuriya nijar,tana da mukwatakà da isa local government , daga Yama tana da mukwatakà da goronyo local government,gari mai din bin tarihi sosai a kasar hausa yawan jama'a wannan yankin gobirawa ne. {{Stub}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Sabon Birni}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Sokoto]] po0mtzyxqp5ow4fq73k6dlcus4bdu9m 0 9256 878657 862158 2026-07-07T19:44:16Z Kaddi123 38060 878657 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Teh picture of a bush in shagari sokoto.jpg|thumb|hutun garin Shagari]] '''Shagari''' [[Kananan Hukumomin Nijeriya| karamar hukuma]] ce dake a [[Jihar Sokoto]], Arewa maso yamman [[Nijeriya]].shagari tana daya daga cikin lokal government a jahar sokoto,se dai karmar lokal government a cikin lokal government din jahar sokoto,ita ce lokal government din da tsohon shugaban kasa shehu shagari yafito,wannan lokal government tana da Yan boko da manoama da yan kasuwa,se nafi yawancin jama'a wannan lokal government manomane, masaman noma dama na da rani,a wannan lokal government suna karamin dama, Wanda wani Dan asalin lokal government yasamar a lokaci Yana minister ruwa wato mutari shehu shagari.suna da Dan majalisa guda a wannan yankin.wannan local government tana manya garuruwa kamar haka sanyi lawal,kajiji {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Sokoto]] pl11ew82sbgkqws0w1pf2z45r49tgum 878673 878657 2026-07-07T21:01:46Z Ab-DanKoɗo 17926 Gyara 878673 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Teh picture of a bush in shagari sokoto.jpg|thumb|hutun garin Shagari]] '''Shagari''' [[Kananan Hukumomin Nijeriya| karamar hukuma]] ce dake a yankin [[Jihar Sokoto|Jihar Sokoto a Nijeriya]],tana yankin Arewa maso yammacin [[Nijeriya]].shagari tana daya daga cikin lokal government a jahar sokoto,se dai karmar lokal government a cikin lokal government din jahar sokoto,ita ce lokal government din da tsohon shugaban kasa shehu shagari yafito,wannan lokal government tana da Yan boko da manoama da yan kasuwa,se nafi yawancin jama'a wannan lokal government manomane, masaman noma dama na da rani,a wannan lokal government suna karamin dama, Wanda wani Dan asalin lokal government yasamar a lokaci Yana minister ruwa wato mutari shehu shagari.suna da Dan majalisa guda a wannan yankin.wannan local government tana manya garuruwa kamar haka sanyi lawal,kajiji {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Sokoto]] hsh9zglz2xzhcjugmixpi8dd2c1wn6h 0 9474 878778 843063 2026-07-08T06:41:58Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 Gyara mukala 878778 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Nijeriya|G]]<nowiki/>boko birni ne kuma yanki ne na gwamnatin jihar Benue, Arewa maso tsakiyar Najeriya. An kafa karamar hukumar Gboko a ranar 11 ga Mayu 1970, tare da fadin kasa mai fadin murabba'in kilomita 2,264. Tana da yawan jama'a 358,936 bisa ga kididdigar 2006, ita ce mafi girma daga cikin kananan hukumomi ashirin da uku da yawan jama'a a jihar Benue. Yaren Tiv, Hausa, da Ingilishi su ne harsunan da aka fi amfani da su a Gboko.[2] Birnin Gboko shi ma ya ninka matsayin hedikwatar kakannin mutanen Tiv. Fadar Tor Tiv, wanda shine babban shugaban gargajiya, tana nan a tsakiyar garin. Tor Tiv na yanzu wanda ake kira Begha U Tiv (Zakin mutanen Tiv) shine Mai Martaba, Begha U Tiv, Orchivirigh, Farfesa Ortese Iorzua James Ayatse. Gboko kuma tana karbar bakuncin tsohon Kamfanin Siminti na Benue wanda yanzu haka Dangote Cement ne, kuma ita ce gidan BCC Lions Football Club, wadda ta lashe gasar cin kofin zakarun Afirka a shekarar 1990. Sun buga wasan ne a filin wasa na J.S Tarkar da ke garin Gboko. == Tattalin Arziki == Ƙaramar Hukumar Gboko na da yalwar albarkatun ma’adinai irin su limestone, granite, barite da alluvial clay. Yawancin mazauna yankin suna gudanar da harkar noma, kuma yankin ya shahara wajen noman amfanin gona kamar shinkafa, doya, masara da rogo a manyan adadi. Haka kuma, kasuwanci yana bunƙasa a Ƙaramar Hukumar Gboko, inda akwai kasuwanni da dama irin su Kasuwar Ortese, Ikpa da Tarukpe, waɗanda ke bai wa jama’a damar saye da sayar da kayayyaki iri-iri.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Gboko Local Government Area |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/160/gboko |access-date=2023-08-26 |website=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> <gallery> File:Tiv_women_and_girls_in_cultural_attire.jpg|Wata Mata da yara a shigar al'adar ƙabilar Tiv File:Mkar_Hill.jpg|Tsaunin Mkar </gallery> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] 03c9qijg6fpaaezu1sllf8mgklny7c6 878779 878778 2026-07-08T06:43:25Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 Saka hujja 878779 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Nijeriya|G]]<nowiki/>boko birni ne kuma yanki ne na gwamnatin jihar Benue, Arewa maso tsakiyar Najeriya. An kafa karamar hukumar Gboko a ranar 11 ga Mayu 1970, tare da fadin kasa mai fadin murabba'in kilomita 2,264. Tana da yawan jama'a 358,936 bisa ga kididdigar 2006, ita ce mafi girma daga cikin kananan hukumomi ashirin da uku da yawan jama'a a jihar Benue. Yaren Tiv, Hausa, da Ingilishi su ne harsunan da aka fi amfani da su a Gboko.<ref>"Gboko Local Government Area – I am Benue". Retrieved 26 August 2023</ref> Birnin Gboko shi ma ya ninka matsayin hedikwatar kakannin mutanen Tiv. Fadar Tor Tiv, wanda shine babban shugaban gargajiya, tana nan a tsakiyar garin. Tor Tiv na yanzu wanda ake kira Begha U Tiv (Zakin mutanen Tiv) shine Mai Martaba, Begha U Tiv, Orchivirigh, Farfesa Ortese Iorzua James Ayatse. Gboko kuma tana karbar bakuncin tsohon Kamfanin Siminti na Benue wanda yanzu haka Dangote Cement ne, kuma ita ce gidan BCC Lions Football Club, wadda ta lashe gasar cin kofin zakarun Afirka a shekarar 1990. Sun buga wasan ne a filin wasa na J.S Tarkar da ke garin Gboko. == Tattalin Arziki == Ƙaramar Hukumar Gboko na da yalwar albarkatun ma’adinai irin su limestone, granite, barite da alluvial clay. Yawancin mazauna yankin suna gudanar da harkar noma, kuma yankin ya shahara wajen noman amfanin gona kamar shinkafa, doya, masara da rogo a manyan adadi. Haka kuma, kasuwanci yana bunƙasa a Ƙaramar Hukumar Gboko, inda akwai kasuwanni da dama irin su Kasuwar Ortese, Ikpa da Tarukpe, waɗanda ke bai wa jama’a damar saye da sayar da kayayyaki iri-iri.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Gboko Local Government Area |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/160/gboko |access-date=2023-08-26 |website=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> <gallery> File:Tiv_women_and_girls_in_cultural_attire.jpg|Wata Mata da yara a shigar al'adar ƙabilar Tiv File:Mkar_Hill.jpg|Tsaunin Mkar </gallery> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] 8ygd8cj7mzhdjzn4ilpyefhxox04p50 878780 878779 2026-07-08T06:44:43Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 Gyara mukala 878780 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Nijeriya|G]]<nowiki/>boko birni ne kuma yanki ne na gwamnatin jihar Benue, Arewa maso tsakiyar Najeriya. An kafa karamar hukumar Gboko a ranar 11 ga Mayu 1970, tare da fadin kasa mai fadin murabba'in kilomita 2,264. Tana da yawan jama'a 358,936 bisa ga kididdigar 2006, ita ce mafi girma daga cikin kananan hukumomi ashirin da uku da yawan jama'a a jihar Benue. Yaren Tiv, Hausa, da Ingilishi su ne harsunan da aka fi amfani da su a Gboko.<ref>"Gboko Local Government Area – I am Benue". Retrieved 26 August 2023</ref> Birnin Gboko shi ma ya ninka matsayin hedikwatar kakannin mutanen Tiv. Fadar Tor Tiv, wanda shine babban shugaban gargajiya, tana nan a tsakiyar garin. Tor Tiv na yanzu wanda ake kira Begha U Tiv (Zakin mutanen Tiv) shine Mai Martaba, Begha U Tiv, Orchivirigh, Farfesa Ortese Iorzua James Ayatse. Gboko kuma tana karbar bakuncin tsohon Kamfanin Siminti na Benue wanda yanzu haka Dangote Cement ne, kuma ita ce gidan BCC Lions Football Club, wadda ta lashe gasar cin kofin zakarun Afirka a shekarar 1990. Sun buga wasan ne a filin wasa na J.S Tarkar da ke garin Gboko. == Tattalin Arziki == Ƙaramar Hukumar Gboko na da yalwar albarkatun ma’adinai irin su limestone, granite, barite da alluvial clay. Yawancin mazauna yankin suna gudanar da harkar noma, kuma yankin ya shahara wajen noman amfanin gona kamar shinkafa, doya, masara da rogo a manyan adadi. Haka kuma, kasuwanci yana bunƙasa a Ƙaramar Hukumar Gboko, inda akwai kasuwanni da dama irin su Kasuwar Ortese, Ikpa da Tarukpe, waɗanda ke bai wa jama’a damar saye da sayar da kayayyaki iri-iri.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Gboko Local Government Area |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/160/gboko |access-date=2023-08-26 |website=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> == Yanayin Ƙasa == Yanayi Gboko tana cikin yankin Savannah kuma tana da jimillar fadin murabba'in kilomita 2,264. Lokacin bushewa da danshi sune manyan yanayi biyu da birnin ke fuskanta. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na gida shine digiri 28 na Celsius (digiri 82 na Fahrenheit), kuma matsakaicin yanayin zafi na gida shine kashi 49 cikin ɗari.[4][3][5] Gboko tana da yanayi mai danshi da bushewa ko kuma savanna na wurare masu zafi (Rarraba: Aw) kuma mita sifili ne (ƙafa 0) sama da matakin teku. Gundumar tana da matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara na 29.69 °C (85.44 °F), wanda ya fi matsakaicin ƙasa na Najeriya da kashi 0.23%. Millimita 136.61 (inci 5.38) na ruwan sama da kwanaki 161.68 na ruwan sama (44.3% na lokaci) sune jimillar shekara-shekara na Gboko.[6][5][4] A Gboko, lokacin rani yana da zafi, yana da danshi, kuma yana da ɗan gajimare yayin da lokacin damina yana da dumi, mai wahala, kuma yana da gajimare. Yanayin zafi ba kasafai yake sauka ƙasa da 56 °F ko kuma ya tashi sama da 94 °F a duk shekara, sau da yawa yakan bambanta tsakanin 62 °F da 90 °F.[7][8][4] Da matsakaicin zafin rana mai girma na 88 °F, lokacin zafi yana ɗaukar watanni 2.3, daga 5 ga Fabrairu zuwa 16 ga Afrilu. Tare da matsakaicin zafi na 88 °F da ƙasa da 74 °F, Afrilu shine watan da ya fi zafi a shekara a Gboko.[9][10][4] Da matsakaicin zafin rana mai girma na yau da kullun ƙasa da 83 °F, lokacin sanyi yana ɗaukar watanni 3.9, daga 23 ga Yuni zuwa 21 ga Oktoba. A Gboko, Disamba shine watan da ya fi sanyi a shekara, tare da matsakaicin ƙasa na 64 °F da sama da 84 °F.[11][12][4]<gallery> File:Tiv_women_and_girls_in_cultural_attire.jpg|Wata Mata da yara a shigar al'adar ƙabilar Tiv File:Mkar_Hill.jpg|Tsaunin Mkar </gallery> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] ogbpih4imezybh3xqosjtxfoa63sgad 878782 878780 2026-07-08T06:55:53Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 Saka hujja 878782 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Nijeriya|G]]<nowiki/>boko birni ne kuma yanki ne na gwamnatin jihar Benue, Arewa maso tsakiyar Najeriya. An kafa karamar hukumar Gboko a ranar 11 ga Mayu 1970, tare da fadin kasa mai fadin murabba'in kilomita 2,264. Tana da yawan jama'a 358,936 bisa ga kididdigar 2006, ita ce mafi girma daga cikin kananan hukumomi ashirin da uku da yawan jama'a a jihar Benue. Yaren Tiv, Hausa, da Ingilishi su ne harsunan da aka fi amfani da su a Gboko.<ref>"Gboko Local Government Area – I am Benue". Retrieved 26 August 2023</ref> Birnin Gboko shi ma ya ninka matsayin hedikwatar kakannin mutanen Tiv. Fadar Tor Tiv, wanda shine babban shugaban gargajiya, tana nan a tsakiyar garin. Tor Tiv na yanzu wanda ake kira Begha U Tiv (Zakin mutanen Tiv) shine Mai Martaba, Begha U Tiv, Orchivirigh, Farfesa Ortese Iorzua James Ayatse. Gboko kuma tana karbar bakuncin tsohon Kamfanin Siminti na Benue wanda yanzu haka Dangote Cement ne, kuma ita ce gidan BCC Lions Football Club, wadda ta lashe gasar cin kofin zakarun Afirka a shekarar 1990. Sun buga wasan ne a filin wasa na J.S Tarkar da ke garin Gboko. == Tattalin Arziki == Ƙaramar Hukumar Gboko na da yalwar albarkatun ma’adinai irin su limestone, granite, barite da alluvial clay. Yawancin mazauna yankin suna gudanar da harkar noma, kuma yankin ya shahara wajen noman amfanin gona kamar shinkafa, doya, masara da rogo a manyan adadi. Haka kuma, kasuwanci yana bunƙasa a Ƙaramar Hukumar Gboko, inda akwai kasuwanni da dama irin su Kasuwar Ortese, Ikpa da Tarukpe, waɗanda ke bai wa jama’a damar saye da sayar da kayayyaki iri-iri.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Gboko Local Government Area |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/160/gboko |access-date=2023-08-26 |website=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> == Yanayin Ƙasa == Yanayi Gboko tana cikin yankin Savannah kuma tana da jimillar fadin murabba'in kilomita 2,264. Lokacin bushewa da danshi sune manyan yanayi biyu da birnin ke fuskanta. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na gida shine digiri 28 na Celsius (digiri 82 na Fahrenheit), kuma matsakaicin yanayin zafi na gida shine kashi 49 cikin ɗari.<ref>"Gboko weather and climate ☀️ Best time to visit 🌡️ Temperature". www.besttravelmonths.com. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref> Gboko tana da yanayi mai danshi da bushewa ko kuma savanna na wurare masu zafi (Rarraba: Aw) kuma mita sifili ne (ƙafa 0) sama da matakin teku. Gundumar tana da matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara na 29.69 °C (85.44 °F), wanda ya fi matsakaicin ƙasa na Najeriya da kashi 0.23%. Millimita 136.61 (inci 5.38) na ruwan sama da kwanaki 161.68 na ruwan sama (44.3% na lokaci) sune jimillar shekara-shekara na Gboko.[6][5][4] A Gboko, lokacin rani yana da zafi, yana da danshi, kuma yana da ɗan gajimare yayin da lokacin damina yana da dumi, mai wahala, kuma yana da gajimare. Yanayin zafi ba kasafai yake sauka ƙasa da 56 °F ko kuma ya tashi sama da 94 °F a duk shekara, sau da yawa yakan bambanta tsakanin 62 °F da 90 °F.[7][8][4] Da matsakaicin zafin rana mai girma na 88 °F, lokacin zafi yana ɗaukar watanni 2.3, daga 5 ga Fabrairu zuwa 16 ga Afrilu. Tare da matsakaicin zafi na 88 °F da ƙasa da 74 °F, Afrilu shine watan da ya fi zafi a shekara a Gboko.[9][10][4] Da matsakaicin zafin rana mai girma na yau da kullun ƙasa da 83 °F, lokacin sanyi yana ɗaukar watanni 3.9, daga 23 ga Yuni zuwa 21 ga Oktoba. A Gboko, Disamba shine watan da ya fi sanyi a shekara, tare da matsakaicin ƙasa na 64 °F da sama da 84 °F.[11][12][4]<gallery> File:Tiv_women_and_girls_in_cultural_attire.jpg|Wata Mata da yara a shigar al'adar ƙabilar Tiv File:Mkar_Hill.jpg|Tsaunin Mkar </gallery> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] 2chccvgqt4d5ubgnqe4ludn3c7votwc 878784 878782 2026-07-08T06:56:35Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 Saka hujja 878784 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Nijeriya|G]]<nowiki/>boko birni ne kuma yanki ne na gwamnatin jihar Benue, Arewa maso tsakiyar Najeriya. An kafa karamar hukumar Gboko a ranar 11 ga Mayu 1970, tare da fadin kasa mai fadin murabba'in kilomita 2,264. Tana da yawan jama'a 358,936 bisa ga kididdigar 2006, ita ce mafi girma daga cikin kananan hukumomi ashirin da uku da yawan jama'a a jihar Benue. Yaren Tiv, Hausa, da Ingilishi su ne harsunan da aka fi amfani da su a Gboko.<ref>"Gboko Local Government Area – I am Benue". Retrieved 26 August 2023</ref> Birnin Gboko shi ma ya ninka matsayin hedikwatar kakannin mutanen Tiv. Fadar Tor Tiv, wanda shine babban shugaban gargajiya, tana nan a tsakiyar garin. Tor Tiv na yanzu wanda ake kira Begha U Tiv (Zakin mutanen Tiv) shine Mai Martaba, Begha U Tiv, Orchivirigh, Farfesa Ortese Iorzua James Ayatse. Gboko kuma tana karbar bakuncin tsohon Kamfanin Siminti na Benue wanda yanzu haka Dangote Cement ne, kuma ita ce gidan BCC Lions Football Club, wadda ta lashe gasar cin kofin zakarun Afirka a shekarar 1990. Sun buga wasan ne a filin wasa na J.S Tarkar da ke garin Gboko. == Tattalin Arziki == Ƙaramar Hukumar Gboko na da yalwar albarkatun ma’adinai irin su limestone, granite, barite da alluvial clay. Yawancin mazauna yankin suna gudanar da harkar noma, kuma yankin ya shahara wajen noman amfanin gona kamar shinkafa, doya, masara da rogo a manyan adadi. Haka kuma, kasuwanci yana bunƙasa a Ƙaramar Hukumar Gboko, inda akwai kasuwanni da dama irin su Kasuwar Ortese, Ikpa da Tarukpe, waɗanda ke bai wa jama’a damar saye da sayar da kayayyaki iri-iri.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Gboko Local Government Area |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/160/gboko |access-date=2023-08-26 |website=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> == Yanayin Ƙasa == Yanayi Gboko tana cikin yankin Savannah kuma tana da jimillar fadin murabba'in kilomita 2,264. Lokacin bushewa da danshi sune manyan yanayi biyu da birnin ke fuskanta. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na gida shine digiri 28 na Celsius (digiri 82 na Fahrenheit), kuma matsakaicin yanayin zafi na gida shine kashi 49 cikin ɗari.<ref>"Gboko weather and climate ☀️ Best time to visit 🌡️ Temperature". www.besttravelmonths.com. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref><ref>"Gboko Local Government Area". www.manpower.com.ng. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref> Gboko tana da yanayi mai danshi da bushewa ko kuma savanna na wurare masu zafi (Rarraba: Aw) kuma mita sifili ne (ƙafa 0) sama da matakin teku. Gundumar tana da matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara na 29.69 °C (85.44 °F), wanda ya fi matsakaicin ƙasa na Najeriya da kashi 0.23%. Millimita 136.61 (inci 5.38) na ruwan sama da kwanaki 161.68 na ruwan sama (44.3% na lokaci) sune jimillar shekara-shekara na Gboko.[6][5][4] A Gboko, lokacin rani yana da zafi, yana da danshi, kuma yana da ɗan gajimare yayin da lokacin damina yana da dumi, mai wahala, kuma yana da gajimare. Yanayin zafi ba kasafai yake sauka ƙasa da 56 °F ko kuma ya tashi sama da 94 °F a duk shekara, sau da yawa yakan bambanta tsakanin 62 °F da 90 °F.[7][8][4] Da matsakaicin zafin rana mai girma na 88 °F, lokacin zafi yana ɗaukar watanni 2.3, daga 5 ga Fabrairu zuwa 16 ga Afrilu. Tare da matsakaicin zafi na 88 °F da ƙasa da 74 °F, Afrilu shine watan da ya fi zafi a shekara a Gboko.[9][10][4] Da matsakaicin zafin rana mai girma na yau da kullun ƙasa da 83 °F, lokacin sanyi yana ɗaukar watanni 3.9, daga 23 ga Yuni zuwa 21 ga Oktoba. A Gboko, Disamba shine watan da ya fi sanyi a shekara, tare da matsakaicin ƙasa na 64 °F da sama da 84 °F.[11][12][4]<gallery> File:Tiv_women_and_girls_in_cultural_attire.jpg|Wata Mata da yara a shigar al'adar ƙabilar Tiv File:Mkar_Hill.jpg|Tsaunin Mkar </gallery> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] dk4optcu96kwt8mw4hr6ol7yqkpykze 878787 878784 2026-07-08T07:06:10Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 Saka hujja 878787 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Nijeriya|G]]<nowiki/>boko birni ne kuma yanki ne na gwamnatin jihar Benue, Arewa maso tsakiyar Najeriya. An kafa karamar hukumar Gboko a ranar 11 ga Mayu 1970, tare da fadin kasa mai fadin murabba'in kilomita 2,264. Tana da yawan jama'a 358,936 bisa ga kididdigar 2006, ita ce mafi girma daga cikin kananan hukumomi ashirin da uku da yawan jama'a a jihar Benue. Yaren Tiv, Hausa, da Ingilishi su ne harsunan da aka fi amfani da su a Gboko.<ref>"Gboko Local Government Area – I am Benue". Retrieved 26 August 2023</ref> Birnin Gboko shi ma ya ninka matsayin hedikwatar kakannin mutanen Tiv. Fadar Tor Tiv, wanda shine babban shugaban gargajiya, tana nan a tsakiyar garin. Tor Tiv na yanzu wanda ake kira Begha U Tiv (Zakin mutanen Tiv) shine Mai Martaba, Begha U Tiv, Orchivirigh, Farfesa Ortese Iorzua James Ayatse. Gboko kuma tana karbar bakuncin tsohon Kamfanin Siminti na Benue wanda yanzu haka Dangote Cement ne, kuma ita ce gidan BCC Lions Football Club, wadda ta lashe gasar cin kofin zakarun Afirka a shekarar 1990. Sun buga wasan ne a filin wasa na J.S Tarkar da ke garin Gboko. == Tattalin Arziki == Ƙaramar Hukumar Gboko na da yalwar albarkatun ma’adinai irin su limestone, granite, barite da alluvial clay. Yawancin mazauna yankin suna gudanar da harkar noma, kuma yankin ya shahara wajen noman amfanin gona kamar shinkafa, doya, masara da rogo a manyan adadi. Haka kuma, kasuwanci yana bunƙasa a Ƙaramar Hukumar Gboko, inda akwai kasuwanni da dama irin su Kasuwar Ortese, Ikpa da Tarukpe, waɗanda ke bai wa jama’a damar saye da sayar da kayayyaki iri-iri.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Gboko Local Government Area |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/160/gboko |access-date=2023-08-26 |website=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> == Yanayin Ƙasa == Yanayi Gboko tana cikin yankin Savannah kuma tana da jimillar fadin murabba'in kilomita 2,264. Lokacin bushewa da danshi sune manyan yanayi biyu da birnin ke fuskanta. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na gida shine digiri 28 na Celsius (digiri 82 na Fahrenheit), kuma matsakaicin yanayin zafi na gida shine kashi 49 cikin ɗari.<ref>"Gboko weather and climate ☀️ Best time to visit 🌡️ Temperature". www.besttravelmonths.com. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref><ref>"Gboko Local Government Area". www.manpower.com.ng. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref><ref>"Gboko, Benue, NG | Local and National Hourly Weather Forecasts". ''WeatherBug''. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref> Gboko tana da yanayi mai danshi da bushewa ko kuma savanna na wurare masu zafi (Rarraba: Aw) kuma mita sifili ne (ƙafa 0) sama da matakin teku. Gundumar tana da matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara na 29.69 °C (85.44 °F), wanda ya fi matsakaicin ƙasa na Najeriya da kashi 0.23%. Millimita 136.61 (inci 5.38) na ruwan sama da kwanaki 161.68 na ruwan sama (44.3% na lokaci) sune jimillar shekara-shekara na Gboko.[6][5][4] A Gboko, lokacin rani yana da zafi, yana da danshi, kuma yana da ɗan gajimare yayin da lokacin damina yana da dumi, mai wahala, kuma yana da gajimare. Yanayin zafi ba kasafai yake sauka ƙasa da 56 °F ko kuma ya tashi sama da 94 °F a duk shekara, sau da yawa yakan bambanta tsakanin 62 °F da 90 °F.[7][8][4] Da matsakaicin zafin rana mai girma na 88 °F, lokacin zafi yana ɗaukar watanni 2.3, daga 5 ga Fabrairu zuwa 16 ga Afrilu. Tare da matsakaicin zafi na 88 °F da ƙasa da 74 °F, Afrilu shine watan da ya fi zafi a shekara a Gboko.[9][10][4] Da matsakaicin zafin rana mai girma na yau da kullun ƙasa da 83 °F, lokacin sanyi yana ɗaukar watanni 3.9, daga 23 ga Yuni zuwa 21 ga Oktoba. A Gboko, Disamba shine watan da ya fi sanyi a shekara, tare da matsakaicin ƙasa na 64 °F da sama da 84 °F.[11][12][4]<gallery> File:Tiv_women_and_girls_in_cultural_attire.jpg|Wata Mata da yara a shigar al'adar ƙabilar Tiv File:Mkar_Hill.jpg|Tsaunin Mkar </gallery> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] 9l4871ny17kkh0inlu38k5ypum0adqp 878788 878787 2026-07-08T07:06:51Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 Saka hujja 878788 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Nijeriya|G]]<nowiki/>boko birni ne kuma yanki ne na gwamnatin jihar Benue, Arewa maso tsakiyar Najeriya. An kafa karamar hukumar Gboko a ranar 11 ga Mayu 1970, tare da fadin kasa mai fadin murabba'in kilomita 2,264. Tana da yawan jama'a 358,936 bisa ga kididdigar 2006, ita ce mafi girma daga cikin kananan hukumomi ashirin da uku da yawan jama'a a jihar Benue. Yaren Tiv, Hausa, da Ingilishi su ne harsunan da aka fi amfani da su a Gboko.<ref>"Gboko Local Government Area – I am Benue". Retrieved 26 August 2023</ref> Birnin Gboko shi ma ya ninka matsayin hedikwatar kakannin mutanen Tiv. Fadar Tor Tiv, wanda shine babban shugaban gargajiya, tana nan a tsakiyar garin. Tor Tiv na yanzu wanda ake kira Begha U Tiv (Zakin mutanen Tiv) shine Mai Martaba, Begha U Tiv, Orchivirigh, Farfesa Ortese Iorzua James Ayatse. Gboko kuma tana karbar bakuncin tsohon Kamfanin Siminti na Benue wanda yanzu haka Dangote Cement ne, kuma ita ce gidan BCC Lions Football Club, wadda ta lashe gasar cin kofin zakarun Afirka a shekarar 1990. Sun buga wasan ne a filin wasa na J.S Tarkar da ke garin Gboko. == Tattalin Arziki == Ƙaramar Hukumar Gboko na da yalwar albarkatun ma’adinai irin su limestone, granite, barite da alluvial clay. Yawancin mazauna yankin suna gudanar da harkar noma, kuma yankin ya shahara wajen noman amfanin gona kamar shinkafa, doya, masara da rogo a manyan adadi. Haka kuma, kasuwanci yana bunƙasa a Ƙaramar Hukumar Gboko, inda akwai kasuwanni da dama irin su Kasuwar Ortese, Ikpa da Tarukpe, waɗanda ke bai wa jama’a damar saye da sayar da kayayyaki iri-iri.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Gboko Local Government Area |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/160/gboko |access-date=2023-08-26 |website=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> == Yanayin Ƙasa == Yanayi Gboko tana cikin yankin Savannah kuma tana da jimillar fadin murabba'in kilomita 2,264. Lokacin bushewa da danshi sune manyan yanayi biyu da birnin ke fuskanta. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na gida shine digiri 28 na Celsius (digiri 82 na Fahrenheit), kuma matsakaicin yanayin zafi na gida shine kashi 49 cikin ɗari.<ref>"Gboko weather and climate ☀️ Best time to visit 🌡️ Temperature". www.besttravelmonths.com. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref><ref>"Gboko Local Government Area". www.manpower.com.ng. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref><ref>"Gboko, Benue, NG | Local and National Hourly Weather Forecasts". ''WeatherBug''. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref> Gboko tana da yanayi mai danshi da bushewa ko kuma savanna na wurare masu zafi (Rarraba: Aw) kuma mita sifili ne (ƙafa 0) sama da matakin teku. Gundumar tana da matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara na 29.69 °C (85.44 °F), wanda ya fi matsakaicin ƙasa na Najeriya da kashi 0.23%. Millimita 136.61 (inci 5.38) na ruwan sama da kwanaki 161.68 na ruwan sama (44.3% na lokaci) sune jimillar shekara-shekara na Gboko.<ref>"Gboko, Benue, NG Climate Zone, Monthly Averages, Historical Weather Data". tcktcktck.org. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref> A Gboko, lokacin rani yana da zafi, yana da danshi, kuma yana da ɗan gajimare yayin da lokacin damina yana da dumi, mai wahala, kuma yana da gajimare. Yanayin zafi ba kasafai yake sauka ƙasa da 56 °F ko kuma ya tashi sama da 94 °F a duk shekara, sau da yawa yakan bambanta tsakanin 62 °F da 90 °F.[7][8][4] Da matsakaicin zafin rana mai girma na 88 °F, lokacin zafi yana ɗaukar watanni 2.3, daga 5 ga Fabrairu zuwa 16 ga Afrilu. Tare da matsakaicin zafi na 88 °F da ƙasa da 74 °F, Afrilu shine watan da ya fi zafi a shekara a Gboko.[9][10][4] Da matsakaicin zafin rana mai girma na yau da kullun ƙasa da 83 °F, lokacin sanyi yana ɗaukar watanni 3.9, daga 23 ga Yuni zuwa 21 ga Oktoba. A Gboko, Disamba shine watan da ya fi sanyi a shekara, tare da matsakaicin ƙasa na 64 °F da sama da 84 °F.[11][12][4]<gallery> File:Tiv_women_and_girls_in_cultural_attire.jpg|Wata Mata da yara a shigar al'adar ƙabilar Tiv File:Mkar_Hill.jpg|Tsaunin Mkar </gallery> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] lnehzix68e825rzdcvx77s4zhm9lcfr 878791 878788 2026-07-08T07:21:45Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 Saka hujja 878791 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Nijeriya|G]]<nowiki/>boko birni ne kuma yanki ne na gwamnatin jihar Benue, Arewa maso tsakiyar Najeriya. An kafa karamar hukumar Gboko a ranar 11 ga Mayu 1970, tare da fadin kasa mai fadin murabba'in kilomita 2,264. Tana da yawan jama'a 358,936 bisa ga kididdigar 2006, ita ce mafi girma daga cikin kananan hukumomi ashirin da uku da yawan jama'a a jihar Benue. Yaren Tiv, Hausa, da Ingilishi su ne harsunan da aka fi amfani da su a Gboko.<ref>"Gboko Local Government Area – I am Benue". Retrieved 26 August 2023</ref> Birnin Gboko shi ma ya ninka matsayin hedikwatar kakannin mutanen Tiv. Fadar Tor Tiv, wanda shine babban shugaban gargajiya, tana nan a tsakiyar garin. Tor Tiv na yanzu wanda ake kira Begha U Tiv (Zakin mutanen Tiv) shine Mai Martaba, Begha U Tiv, Orchivirigh, Farfesa Ortese Iorzua James Ayatse. Gboko kuma tana karbar bakuncin tsohon Kamfanin Siminti na Benue wanda yanzu haka Dangote Cement ne, kuma ita ce gidan BCC Lions Football Club, wadda ta lashe gasar cin kofin zakarun Afirka a shekarar 1990. Sun buga wasan ne a filin wasa na J.S Tarkar da ke garin Gboko. == Tattalin Arziki == Ƙaramar Hukumar Gboko na da yalwar albarkatun ma’adinai irin su limestone, granite, barite da alluvial clay. Yawancin mazauna yankin suna gudanar da harkar noma, kuma yankin ya shahara wajen noman amfanin gona kamar shinkafa, doya, masara da rogo a manyan adadi. Haka kuma, kasuwanci yana bunƙasa a Ƙaramar Hukumar Gboko, inda akwai kasuwanni da dama irin su Kasuwar Ortese, Ikpa da Tarukpe, waɗanda ke bai wa jama’a damar saye da sayar da kayayyaki iri-iri.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Gboko Local Government Area |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/160/gboko |access-date=2023-08-26 |website=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> == Yanayin Ƙasa == Yanayi Gboko tana cikin yankin Savannah kuma tana da jimillar fadin murabba'in kilomita 2,264. Lokacin bushewa da danshi sune manyan yanayi biyu da birnin ke fuskanta. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na gida shine digiri 28 na Celsius (digiri 82 na Fahrenheit), kuma matsakaicin yanayin zafi na gida shine kashi 49 cikin ɗari.<ref>"Gboko weather and climate ☀️ Best time to visit 🌡️ Temperature". www.besttravelmonths.com. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref><ref>"Gboko Local Government Area". www.manpower.com.ng. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref><ref>"Gboko, Benue, NG | Local and National Hourly Weather Forecasts". ''WeatherBug''. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref> Gboko tana da yanayi mai danshi da bushewa ko kuma savanna na wurare masu zafi (Rarraba: Aw) kuma mita sifili ne (ƙafa 0) sama da matakin teku. Gundumar tana da matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara na 29.69 °C (85.44 °F), wanda ya fi matsakaicin ƙasa na Najeriya da kashi 0.23%. Millimita 136.61 (inci 5.38) na ruwan sama da kwanaki 161.68 na ruwan sama (44.3% na lokaci) sune jimillar shekara-shekara na Gboko.<ref>"Gboko, Benue, NG Climate Zone, Monthly Averages, Historical Weather Data". tcktcktck.org. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref> A Gboko, lokacin rani yana da zafi, yana da danshi, kuma yana da ɗan gajimare yayin da lokacin damina yana da dumi, mai wahala, kuma yana da gajimare. Yanayin zafi ba kasafai yake sauka ƙasa da 56 °F ko kuma ya tashi sama da 94 °F a duk shekara, sau da yawa yakan bambanta tsakanin 62 °F da 90 °F.<ref>"Gboko Climate, Weather By Month, Average Temperature (Nigeria) - Weather Spark". weatherspark.com. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref> Da matsakaicin zafin rana mai girma na 88 °F, lokacin zafi yana ɗaukar watanni 2.3, daga 5 ga Fabrairu zuwa 16 ga Afrilu. Tare da matsakaicin zafi na 88 °F da ƙasa da 74 °F, Afrilu shine watan da ya fi zafi a shekara a Gboko.[9][10][4] Da matsakaicin zafin rana mai girma na yau da kullun ƙasa da 83 °F, lokacin sanyi yana ɗaukar watanni 3.9, daga 23 ga Yuni zuwa 21 ga Oktoba. A Gboko, Disamba shine watan da ya fi sanyi a shekara, tare da matsakaicin ƙasa na 64 °F da sama da 84 °F.[11][12][4]<gallery> File:Tiv_women_and_girls_in_cultural_attire.jpg|Wata Mata da yara a shigar al'adar ƙabilar Tiv File:Mkar_Hill.jpg|Tsaunin Mkar </gallery> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] iamxpkjjyd5l373ikisguicp5ygienh 878792 878791 2026-07-08T07:22:29Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 Saka hujja 878792 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Nijeriya|G]]<nowiki/>boko birni ne kuma yanki ne na gwamnatin jihar Benue, Arewa maso tsakiyar Najeriya. An kafa karamar hukumar Gboko a ranar 11 ga Mayu 1970, tare da fadin kasa mai fadin murabba'in kilomita 2,264. Tana da yawan jama'a 358,936 bisa ga kididdigar 2006, ita ce mafi girma daga cikin kananan hukumomi ashirin da uku da yawan jama'a a jihar Benue. Yaren Tiv, Hausa, da Ingilishi su ne harsunan da aka fi amfani da su a Gboko.<ref>"Gboko Local Government Area – I am Benue". Retrieved 26 August 2023</ref> Birnin Gboko shi ma ya ninka matsayin hedikwatar kakannin mutanen Tiv. Fadar Tor Tiv, wanda shine babban shugaban gargajiya, tana nan a tsakiyar garin. Tor Tiv na yanzu wanda ake kira Begha U Tiv (Zakin mutanen Tiv) shine Mai Martaba, Begha U Tiv, Orchivirigh, Farfesa Ortese Iorzua James Ayatse. Gboko kuma tana karbar bakuncin tsohon Kamfanin Siminti na Benue wanda yanzu haka Dangote Cement ne, kuma ita ce gidan BCC Lions Football Club, wadda ta lashe gasar cin kofin zakarun Afirka a shekarar 1990. Sun buga wasan ne a filin wasa na J.S Tarkar da ke garin Gboko. == Tattalin Arziki == Ƙaramar Hukumar Gboko na da yalwar albarkatun ma’adinai irin su limestone, granite, barite da alluvial clay. Yawancin mazauna yankin suna gudanar da harkar noma, kuma yankin ya shahara wajen noman amfanin gona kamar shinkafa, doya, masara da rogo a manyan adadi. Haka kuma, kasuwanci yana bunƙasa a Ƙaramar Hukumar Gboko, inda akwai kasuwanni da dama irin su Kasuwar Ortese, Ikpa da Tarukpe, waɗanda ke bai wa jama’a damar saye da sayar da kayayyaki iri-iri.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Gboko Local Government Area |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/160/gboko |access-date=2023-08-26 |website=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> == Yanayin Ƙasa == Yanayi Gboko tana cikin yankin Savannah kuma tana da jimillar fadin murabba'in kilomita 2,264. Lokacin bushewa da danshi sune manyan yanayi biyu da birnin ke fuskanta. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na gida shine digiri 28 na Celsius (digiri 82 na Fahrenheit), kuma matsakaicin yanayin zafi na gida shine kashi 49 cikin ɗari.<ref>"Gboko weather and climate ☀️ Best time to visit 🌡️ Temperature". www.besttravelmonths.com. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref><ref>"Gboko Local Government Area". www.manpower.com.ng. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref><ref>"Gboko, Benue, NG | Local and National Hourly Weather Forecasts". ''WeatherBug''. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref> Gboko tana da yanayi mai danshi da bushewa ko kuma savanna na wurare masu zafi (Rarraba: Aw) kuma mita sifili ne (ƙafa 0) sama da matakin teku. Gundumar tana da matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara na 29.69 °C (85.44 °F), wanda ya fi matsakaicin ƙasa na Najeriya da kashi 0.23%. Millimita 136.61 (inci 5.38) na ruwan sama da kwanaki 161.68 na ruwan sama (44.3% na lokaci) sune jimillar shekara-shekara na Gboko.<ref>"Gboko, Benue, NG Climate Zone, Monthly Averages, Historical Weather Data". tcktcktck.org. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref> A Gboko, lokacin rani yana da zafi, yana da danshi, kuma yana da ɗan gajimare yayin da lokacin damina yana da dumi, mai wahala, kuma yana da gajimare. Yanayin zafi ba kasafai yake sauka ƙasa da 56 °F ko kuma ya tashi sama da 94 °F a duk shekara, sau da yawa yakan bambanta tsakanin 62 °F da 90 °F.<ref>"Gboko Climate, Weather By Month, Average Temperature (Nigeria) - Weather Spark". weatherspark.com. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref><ref>"Gboko weather and climate ☀️ Best time to visit 🌡️ Temperature". www.besttravelmonths.com. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref> Da matsakaicin zafin rana mai girma na 88 °F, lokacin zafi yana ɗaukar watanni 2.3, daga 5 ga Fabrairu zuwa 16 ga Afrilu. Tare da matsakaicin zafi na 88 °F da ƙasa da 74 °F, Afrilu shine watan da ya fi zafi a shekara a Gboko.[9][10][4] Da matsakaicin zafin rana mai girma na yau da kullun ƙasa da 83 °F, lokacin sanyi yana ɗaukar watanni 3.9, daga 23 ga Yuni zuwa 21 ga Oktoba. A Gboko, Disamba shine watan da ya fi sanyi a shekara, tare da matsakaicin ƙasa na 64 °F da sama da 84 °F.[11][12][4]<gallery> File:Tiv_women_and_girls_in_cultural_attire.jpg|Wata Mata da yara a shigar al'adar ƙabilar Tiv File:Mkar_Hill.jpg|Tsaunin Mkar </gallery> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] lugujpuc4uns130uweaqu2i8y0h4lo4 878793 878792 2026-07-08T07:23:08Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 Saka hujja 878793 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Nijeriya|G]]<nowiki/>boko birni ne kuma yanki ne na gwamnatin jihar Benue, Arewa maso tsakiyar Najeriya. An kafa karamar hukumar Gboko a ranar 11 ga Mayu 1970, tare da fadin kasa mai fadin murabba'in kilomita 2,264. Tana da yawan jama'a 358,936 bisa ga kididdigar 2006, ita ce mafi girma daga cikin kananan hukumomi ashirin da uku da yawan jama'a a jihar Benue. Yaren Tiv, Hausa, da Ingilishi su ne harsunan da aka fi amfani da su a Gboko.<ref>"Gboko Local Government Area – I am Benue". Retrieved 26 August 2023</ref> Birnin Gboko shi ma ya ninka matsayin hedikwatar kakannin mutanen Tiv. Fadar Tor Tiv, wanda shine babban shugaban gargajiya, tana nan a tsakiyar garin. Tor Tiv na yanzu wanda ake kira Begha U Tiv (Zakin mutanen Tiv) shine Mai Martaba, Begha U Tiv, Orchivirigh, Farfesa Ortese Iorzua James Ayatse. Gboko kuma tana karbar bakuncin tsohon Kamfanin Siminti na Benue wanda yanzu haka Dangote Cement ne, kuma ita ce gidan BCC Lions Football Club, wadda ta lashe gasar cin kofin zakarun Afirka a shekarar 1990. Sun buga wasan ne a filin wasa na J.S Tarkar da ke garin Gboko. == Tattalin Arziki == Ƙaramar Hukumar Gboko na da yalwar albarkatun ma’adinai irin su limestone, granite, barite da alluvial clay. Yawancin mazauna yankin suna gudanar da harkar noma, kuma yankin ya shahara wajen noman amfanin gona kamar shinkafa, doya, masara da rogo a manyan adadi. Haka kuma, kasuwanci yana bunƙasa a Ƙaramar Hukumar Gboko, inda akwai kasuwanni da dama irin su Kasuwar Ortese, Ikpa da Tarukpe, waɗanda ke bai wa jama’a damar saye da sayar da kayayyaki iri-iri.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Gboko Local Government Area |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/160/gboko |access-date=2023-08-26 |website=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> == Yanayin Ƙasa == Yanayi Gboko tana cikin yankin Savannah kuma tana da jimillar fadin murabba'in kilomita 2,264. Lokacin bushewa da danshi sune manyan yanayi biyu da birnin ke fuskanta. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na gida shine digiri 28 na Celsius (digiri 82 na Fahrenheit), kuma matsakaicin yanayin zafi na gida shine kashi 49 cikin ɗari.<ref>"Gboko weather and climate ☀️ Best time to visit 🌡️ Temperature". www.besttravelmonths.com. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref><ref>"Gboko Local Government Area". www.manpower.com.ng. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref><ref>"Gboko, Benue, NG | Local and National Hourly Weather Forecasts". ''WeatherBug''. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref> Gboko tana da yanayi mai danshi da bushewa ko kuma savanna na wurare masu zafi (Rarraba: Aw) kuma mita sifili ne (ƙafa 0) sama da matakin teku. Gundumar tana da matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara na 29.69 °C (85.44 °F), wanda ya fi matsakaicin ƙasa na Najeriya da kashi 0.23%. Millimita 136.61 (inci 5.38) na ruwan sama da kwanaki 161.68 na ruwan sama (44.3% na lokaci) sune jimillar shekara-shekara na Gboko.<ref>"Gboko, Benue, NG Climate Zone, Monthly Averages, Historical Weather Data". tcktcktck.org. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref> A Gboko, lokacin rani yana da zafi, yana da danshi, kuma yana da ɗan gajimare yayin da lokacin damina yana da dumi, mai wahala, kuma yana da gajimare. Yanayin zafi ba kasafai yake sauka ƙasa da 56 °F ko kuma ya tashi sama da 94 °F a duk shekara, sau da yawa yakan bambanta tsakanin 62 °F da 90 °F.<ref>"Gboko Climate, Weather By Month, Average Temperature (Nigeria) - Weather Spark". weatherspark.com. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref><ref>"Gboko weather and climate ☀️ Best time to visit 🌡️ Temperature". www.besttravelmonths.com. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref> Da matsakaicin zafin rana mai girma na 88 °F, lokacin zafi yana ɗaukar watanni 2.3, daga 5 ga Fabrairu zuwa 16 ga Afrilu. Tare da matsakaicin zafi na 88 °F da ƙasa da 74 °F, Afrilu shine watan da ya fi zafi a shekara a Gboko.<ref>"Gboko weather forecast for today". justweather.org. Retrieved 26 August 2023</ref> Da matsakaicin zafin rana mai girma na yau da kullun ƙasa da 83 °F, lokacin sanyi yana ɗaukar watanni 3.9, daga 23 ga Yuni zuwa 21 ga Oktoba. A Gboko, Disamba shine watan da ya fi sanyi a shekara, tare da matsakaicin ƙasa na 64 °F da sama da 84 °F.[11][12][4]<gallery> File:Tiv_women_and_girls_in_cultural_attire.jpg|Wata Mata da yara a shigar al'adar ƙabilar Tiv File:Mkar_Hill.jpg|Tsaunin Mkar </gallery> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] 0aufbe3g8vz6iffho4odlj4ebhb4owy 878794 878793 2026-07-08T07:23:59Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 Saka hujja 878794 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Nijeriya|G]]<nowiki/>boko birni ne kuma yanki ne na gwamnatin jihar Benue, Arewa maso tsakiyar Najeriya. An kafa karamar hukumar Gboko a ranar 11 ga Mayu 1970, tare da fadin kasa mai fadin murabba'in kilomita 2,264. Tana da yawan jama'a 358,936 bisa ga kididdigar 2006, ita ce mafi girma daga cikin kananan hukumomi ashirin da uku da yawan jama'a a jihar Benue. Yaren Tiv, Hausa, da Ingilishi su ne harsunan da aka fi amfani da su a Gboko.<ref>"Gboko Local Government Area – I am Benue". Retrieved 26 August 2023</ref> Birnin Gboko shi ma ya ninka matsayin hedikwatar kakannin mutanen Tiv. Fadar Tor Tiv, wanda shine babban shugaban gargajiya, tana nan a tsakiyar garin. Tor Tiv na yanzu wanda ake kira Begha U Tiv (Zakin mutanen Tiv) shine Mai Martaba, Begha U Tiv, Orchivirigh, Farfesa Ortese Iorzua James Ayatse. Gboko kuma tana karbar bakuncin tsohon Kamfanin Siminti na Benue wanda yanzu haka Dangote Cement ne, kuma ita ce gidan BCC Lions Football Club, wadda ta lashe gasar cin kofin zakarun Afirka a shekarar 1990. Sun buga wasan ne a filin wasa na J.S Tarkar da ke garin Gboko. == Tattalin Arziki == Ƙaramar Hukumar Gboko na da yalwar albarkatun ma’adinai irin su limestone, granite, barite da alluvial clay. Yawancin mazauna yankin suna gudanar da harkar noma, kuma yankin ya shahara wajen noman amfanin gona kamar shinkafa, doya, masara da rogo a manyan adadi. Haka kuma, kasuwanci yana bunƙasa a Ƙaramar Hukumar Gboko, inda akwai kasuwanni da dama irin su Kasuwar Ortese, Ikpa da Tarukpe, waɗanda ke bai wa jama’a damar saye da sayar da kayayyaki iri-iri.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Gboko Local Government Area |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/160/gboko |access-date=2023-08-26 |website=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> == Yanayin Ƙasa == Yanayi Gboko tana cikin yankin Savannah kuma tana da jimillar fadin murabba'in kilomita 2,264. Lokacin bushewa da danshi sune manyan yanayi biyu da birnin ke fuskanta. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na gida shine digiri 28 na Celsius (digiri 82 na Fahrenheit), kuma matsakaicin yanayin zafi na gida shine kashi 49 cikin ɗari.<ref>"Gboko weather and climate ☀️ Best time to visit 🌡️ Temperature". www.besttravelmonths.com. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref><ref>"Gboko Local Government Area". www.manpower.com.ng. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref><ref>"Gboko, Benue, NG | Local and National Hourly Weather Forecasts". ''WeatherBug''. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref> Gboko tana da yanayi mai danshi da bushewa ko kuma savanna na wurare masu zafi (Rarraba: Aw) kuma mita sifili ne (ƙafa 0) sama da matakin teku. Gundumar tana da matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara na 29.69 °C (85.44 °F), wanda ya fi matsakaicin ƙasa na Najeriya da kashi 0.23%. Millimita 136.61 (inci 5.38) na ruwan sama da kwanaki 161.68 na ruwan sama (44.3% na lokaci) sune jimillar shekara-shekara na Gboko.<ref>"Gboko, Benue, NG Climate Zone, Monthly Averages, Historical Weather Data". tcktcktck.org. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref> A Gboko, lokacin rani yana da zafi, yana da danshi, kuma yana da ɗan gajimare yayin da lokacin damina yana da dumi, mai wahala, kuma yana da gajimare. Yanayin zafi ba kasafai yake sauka ƙasa da 56 °F ko kuma ya tashi sama da 94 °F a duk shekara, sau da yawa yakan bambanta tsakanin 62 °F da 90 °F.<ref>"Gboko Climate, Weather By Month, Average Temperature (Nigeria) - Weather Spark". weatherspark.com. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref><ref>"Gboko weather and climate ☀️ Best time to visit 🌡️ Temperature". www.besttravelmonths.com. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref> Da matsakaicin zafin rana mai girma na 88 °F, lokacin zafi yana ɗaukar watanni 2.3, daga 5 ga Fabrairu zuwa 16 ga Afrilu. Tare da matsakaicin zafi na 88 °F da ƙasa da 74 °F, Afrilu shine watan da ya fi zafi a shekara a Gboko.<ref>"Gboko weather forecast for today". justweather.org. Retrieved 26 August 2023</ref><ref>"Gboko weather and climate ☀️ Best time to visit 🌡️ Temperature". www.besttravelmonths.com. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref> Da matsakaicin zafin rana mai girma na yau da kullun ƙasa da 83 °F, lokacin sanyi yana ɗaukar watanni 3.9, daga 23 ga Yuni zuwa 21 ga Oktoba. A Gboko, Disamba shine watan da ya fi sanyi a shekara, tare da matsakaicin ƙasa na 64 °F da sama da 84 °F.[11][12][4]<gallery> File:Tiv_women_and_girls_in_cultural_attire.jpg|Wata Mata da yara a shigar al'adar ƙabilar Tiv File:Mkar_Hill.jpg|Tsaunin Mkar </gallery> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] 47z4mr8lriexk1gbct84uoc3n3hj588 878795 878794 2026-07-08T07:25:00Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 Saka hujja 878795 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Nijeriya|G]]<nowiki/>boko birni ne kuma yanki ne na gwamnatin jihar Benue, Arewa maso tsakiyar Najeriya. An kafa karamar hukumar Gboko a ranar 11 ga Mayu 1970, tare da fadin kasa mai fadin murabba'in kilomita 2,264. Tana da yawan jama'a 358,936 bisa ga kididdigar 2006, ita ce mafi girma daga cikin kananan hukumomi ashirin da uku da yawan jama'a a jihar Benue. Yaren Tiv, Hausa, da Ingilishi su ne harsunan da aka fi amfani da su a Gboko.<ref>"Gboko Local Government Area – I am Benue". Retrieved 26 August 2023</ref> Birnin Gboko shi ma ya ninka matsayin hedikwatar kakannin mutanen Tiv. Fadar Tor Tiv, wanda shine babban shugaban gargajiya, tana nan a tsakiyar garin. Tor Tiv na yanzu wanda ake kira Begha U Tiv (Zakin mutanen Tiv) shine Mai Martaba, Begha U Tiv, Orchivirigh, Farfesa Ortese Iorzua James Ayatse. Gboko kuma tana karbar bakuncin tsohon Kamfanin Siminti na Benue wanda yanzu haka Dangote Cement ne, kuma ita ce gidan BCC Lions Football Club, wadda ta lashe gasar cin kofin zakarun Afirka a shekarar 1990. Sun buga wasan ne a filin wasa na J.S Tarkar da ke garin Gboko. == Tattalin Arziki == Ƙaramar Hukumar Gboko na da yalwar albarkatun ma’adinai irin su limestone, granite, barite da alluvial clay. Yawancin mazauna yankin suna gudanar da harkar noma, kuma yankin ya shahara wajen noman amfanin gona kamar shinkafa, doya, masara da rogo a manyan adadi. Haka kuma, kasuwanci yana bunƙasa a Ƙaramar Hukumar Gboko, inda akwai kasuwanni da dama irin su Kasuwar Ortese, Ikpa da Tarukpe, waɗanda ke bai wa jama’a damar saye da sayar da kayayyaki iri-iri.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Gboko Local Government Area |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/160/gboko |access-date=2023-08-26 |website=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> == Yanayin Ƙasa == Yanayi Gboko tana cikin yankin Savannah kuma tana da jimillar fadin murabba'in kilomita 2,264. Lokacin bushewa da danshi sune manyan yanayi biyu da birnin ke fuskanta. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na gida shine digiri 28 na Celsius (digiri 82 na Fahrenheit), kuma matsakaicin yanayin zafi na gida shine kashi 49 cikin ɗari.<ref>"Gboko weather and climate ☀️ Best time to visit 🌡️ Temperature". www.besttravelmonths.com. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref><ref>"Gboko Local Government Area". www.manpower.com.ng. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref><ref>"Gboko, Benue, NG | Local and National Hourly Weather Forecasts". ''WeatherBug''. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref> Gboko tana da yanayi mai danshi da bushewa ko kuma savanna na wurare masu zafi (Rarraba: Aw) kuma mita sifili ne (ƙafa 0) sama da matakin teku. Gundumar tana da matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara na 29.69 °C (85.44 °F), wanda ya fi matsakaicin ƙasa na Najeriya da kashi 0.23%. Millimita 136.61 (inci 5.38) na ruwan sama da kwanaki 161.68 na ruwan sama (44.3% na lokaci) sune jimillar shekara-shekara na Gboko.<ref>"Gboko, Benue, NG Climate Zone, Monthly Averages, Historical Weather Data". tcktcktck.org. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref> A Gboko, lokacin rani yana da zafi, yana da danshi, kuma yana da ɗan gajimare yayin da lokacin damina yana da dumi, mai wahala, kuma yana da gajimare. Yanayin zafi ba kasafai yake sauka ƙasa da 56 °F ko kuma ya tashi sama da 94 °F a duk shekara, sau da yawa yakan bambanta tsakanin 62 °F da 90 °F.<ref>"Gboko Climate, Weather By Month, Average Temperature (Nigeria) - Weather Spark". weatherspark.com. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref><ref>"Gboko weather and climate ☀️ Best time to visit 🌡️ Temperature". www.besttravelmonths.com. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref> Da matsakaicin zafin rana mai girma na 88 °F, lokacin zafi yana ɗaukar watanni 2.3, daga 5 ga Fabrairu zuwa 16 ga Afrilu. Tare da matsakaicin zafi na 88 °F da ƙasa da 74 °F, Afrilu shine watan da ya fi zafi a shekara a Gboko.<ref>"Gboko weather forecast for today". justweather.org. Retrieved 26 August 2023</ref><ref>"Gboko weather and climate ☀️ Best time to visit 🌡️ Temperature". www.besttravelmonths.com. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref> Da matsakaicin zafin rana mai girma na yau da kullun ƙasa da 83 °F, lokacin sanyi yana ɗaukar watanni 3.9, daga 23 ga Yuni zuwa 21 ga Oktoba. A Gboko, Disamba shine watan da ya fi sanyi a shekara, tare da matsakaicin ƙasa na 64 °F da sama da 84 °F.<ref>"Simulated historical climate & weather data for Gboko". meteoblue. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref><gallery> File:Tiv_women_and_girls_in_cultural_attire.jpg|Wata Mata da yara a shigar al'adar ƙabilar Tiv File:Mkar_Hill.jpg|Tsaunin Mkar </gallery> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] dl6u78xj1uov7i664w8jvh490orqq6b 878796 878795 2026-07-08T07:26:20Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 Saka hujja 878796 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Nijeriya|G]]<nowiki/>boko birni ne kuma yanki ne na gwamnatin jihar Benue, Arewa maso tsakiyar Najeriya. An kafa karamar hukumar Gboko a ranar 11 ga Mayu 1970, tare da fadin kasa mai fadin murabba'in kilomita 2,264. Tana da yawan jama'a 358,936 bisa ga kididdigar 2006, ita ce mafi girma daga cikin kananan hukumomi ashirin da uku da yawan jama'a a jihar Benue. Yaren Tiv, Hausa, da Ingilishi su ne harsunan da aka fi amfani da su a Gboko.<ref>"Gboko Local Government Area – I am Benue". Retrieved 26 August 2023</ref> Birnin Gboko shi ma ya ninka matsayin hedikwatar kakannin mutanen Tiv. Fadar Tor Tiv, wanda shine babban shugaban gargajiya, tana nan a tsakiyar garin. Tor Tiv na yanzu wanda ake kira Begha U Tiv (Zakin mutanen Tiv) shine Mai Martaba, Begha U Tiv, Orchivirigh, Farfesa Ortese Iorzua James Ayatse. Gboko kuma tana karbar bakuncin tsohon Kamfanin Siminti na Benue wanda yanzu haka Dangote Cement ne, kuma ita ce gidan BCC Lions Football Club, wadda ta lashe gasar cin kofin zakarun Afirka a shekarar 1990. Sun buga wasan ne a filin wasa na J.S Tarkar da ke garin Gboko. == Tattalin Arziki == Ƙaramar Hukumar Gboko na da yalwar albarkatun ma’adinai irin su limestone, granite, barite da alluvial clay. Yawancin mazauna yankin suna gudanar da harkar noma, kuma yankin ya shahara wajen noman amfanin gona kamar shinkafa, doya, masara da rogo a manyan adadi. Haka kuma, kasuwanci yana bunƙasa a Ƙaramar Hukumar Gboko, inda akwai kasuwanni da dama irin su Kasuwar Ortese, Ikpa da Tarukpe, waɗanda ke bai wa jama’a damar saye da sayar da kayayyaki iri-iri.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Gboko Local Government Area |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/160/gboko |access-date=2023-08-26 |website=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> == Yanayin Ƙasa == Yanayi Gboko tana cikin yankin Savannah kuma tana da jimillar fadin murabba'in kilomita 2,264. Lokacin bushewa da danshi sune manyan yanayi biyu da birnin ke fuskanta. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na gida shine digiri 28 na Celsius (digiri 82 na Fahrenheit), kuma matsakaicin yanayin zafi na gida shine kashi 49 cikin ɗari.<ref>"Gboko weather and climate ☀️ Best time to visit 🌡️ Temperature". www.besttravelmonths.com. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref><ref>"Gboko Local Government Area". www.manpower.com.ng. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref><ref>"Gboko, Benue, NG | Local and National Hourly Weather Forecasts". ''WeatherBug''. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref> Gboko tana da yanayi mai danshi da bushewa ko kuma savanna na wurare masu zafi (Rarraba: Aw) kuma mita sifili ne (ƙafa 0) sama da matakin teku. Gundumar tana da matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara na 29.69 °C (85.44 °F), wanda ya fi matsakaicin ƙasa na Najeriya da kashi 0.23%. Millimita 136.61 (inci 5.38) na ruwan sama da kwanaki 161.68 na ruwan sama (44.3% na lokaci) sune jimillar shekara-shekara na Gboko.<ref>"Gboko, Benue, NG Climate Zone, Monthly Averages, Historical Weather Data". tcktcktck.org. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref> A Gboko, lokacin rani yana da zafi, yana da danshi, kuma yana da ɗan gajimare yayin da lokacin damina yana da dumi, mai wahala, kuma yana da gajimare. Yanayin zafi ba kasafai yake sauka ƙasa da 56 °F ko kuma ya tashi sama da 94 °F a duk shekara, sau da yawa yakan bambanta tsakanin 62 °F da 90 °F.<ref>"Gboko Climate, Weather By Month, Average Temperature (Nigeria) - Weather Spark". weatherspark.com. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref><ref>"Gboko weather and climate ☀️ Best time to visit 🌡️ Temperature". www.besttravelmonths.com. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref> Da matsakaicin zafin rana mai girma na 88 °F, lokacin zafi yana ɗaukar watanni 2.3, daga 5 ga Fabrairu zuwa 16 ga Afrilu. Tare da matsakaicin zafi na 88 °F da ƙasa da 74 °F, Afrilu shine watan da ya fi zafi a shekara a Gboko.<ref>"Gboko weather forecast for today". justweather.org. Retrieved 26 August 2023</ref><ref>"Gboko weather and climate ☀️ Best time to visit 🌡️ Temperature". www.besttravelmonths.com. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref> Da matsakaicin zafin rana mai girma na yau da kullun ƙasa da 83 °F, lokacin sanyi yana ɗaukar watanni 3.9, daga 23 ga Yuni zuwa 21 ga Oktoba. A Gboko, Disamba shine watan da ya fi sanyi a shekara, tare da matsakaicin ƙasa na 64 °F da sama da 84 °F.<ref>"Simulated historical climate & weather data for Gboko". meteoblue. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref><ref>"Gboko Weather Forecast (Mkar, Benue, Nigeria)". www.tititudorancea.com. Retrieved 26 August 2023.</ref><gallery> File:Tiv_women_and_girls_in_cultural_attire.jpg|Wata Mata da yara a shigar al'adar ƙabilar Tiv File:Mkar_Hill.jpg|Tsaunin Mkar </gallery> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] sgo5dsfss2ptjzutu6z0kbanov9xh3e 0 9475 878802 843082 2026-07-08T07:41:17Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 Saka hujja 878802 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Katsina Ala River.jpg|thumb|kastina ah yankin ruwansu]] '''Katsina-Ala''' [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|karamar hukuma]] ce a [[jihar Benue]] dake a [[Shayarwa|shiyar]] tsakiyar [[Nijeriya]]. Hedikwatarta [[Tarayyar Amurka|tana]] cikin garin Katsina-Ala inda babbar hanyar A344 take farawa. Har ila yau, wuri ne na wani muhimmin wuri na tarihi inda aka samo kayayyakin gargajiya na al'adun Nok. ==Al'umma== Katsina-Ala tana da yanki mai fadin 2,402 km2 (927 sq mi) da yawan jama'a 224,718 a ƙidayar 2006. Garin shine wurin kayan tsoffin makarantu a Najeriya, Kwalejin Gwamnati ta Katsina-Ala, wacce aka kafa ta a shekara ta alif 1914, kuma ta samar da manyan mambobi a cikin al'ummar Najeriya. Lambar akwatin gidan yankin 980. Communityasar, wacce ke gefen Kogin Katsina Ala, babban yanki ne na Kogin Benuwe, galibi mazaunan sun mamaye ta.<ref>Thurstan Shaw (1995). The Archaeology of Africa: Food, Metals and Towns. Routledge. p. 275. <nowiki>ISBN 0-415-11585-X</nowiki>.</ref> ==Gidan kayan tarihi== An samo mutum-mutumin Terracotta a Katsina Ala a tsakiyar karni na ashirin. Sun haɗa da ainihin alamun kawunan mutane, tare da wasu dabbobi, da ɓangarorin manyan gumaka. Hotunan mutum-mutumi sun yi kama da wasu da aka samu a Nok, kimanin kilomita 209 daga arewa, kuma ana tunanin mutanen da al'adunsu daya suka yi su. Adadin mutane yana iya wakiltar kakanni ko ruhohi. A cewar Bernard Fagg, wani masanin ilmin kimiya na kayan tarihi wanda ya gudanar da bincike mai zurfi game da al'adun Nok, ayyukan da ake yi a Katsina Ala sun kasance wani salo na musamman. Mutum-mutumi daga Taruga da na Samun Dukiya sun yi kama, amma suna da bambancin salo iri-iri. Aikin ƙarfe ya fara aiki a wurin a ƙarni na huɗu kafin haihuwar Yesu, da ɗan lokaci kaɗan da baƙin ƙarfe da ke aiki a Taruga. Hakanan an gano wasu narkakken kwalba da aka narke a shafin, wasu daga cikinsu na iya zama kwaikwayon kwasfa na kuli-kuli. == Yanayi == Yanayin Katsina-Ala na Najeriya yanayi ne mai zafi irin na yankunan tropics, wanda ke tattare da yanayin zafi da kuma yawan ruwan sama na yanayi. Lokacin damina yana gudana daga watan Mayu zuwa Satumba, inda ake samun ruwan sama mai yawa wanda kan kai milimita 235 (inci 9.3) a watan Satumba. Daga watan Janairu zuwa Maris kuwa, yankin na fuskantar matsakaicin zafin jiki mai yawa wanda kan kai 31°C (88°F), tare da ƙarancin ruwan sama. Watannin Nuwamba da Disamba su ne mafi sanyi, inda matsakaicin zafin jiki yakan kasance kusan 28°C (82°F) tare da ƙarancin ruwan sama.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Monthly climate in Katsina-Ala, Nigeria |url=https://nomadseason.com/climate/nigeria/benue/katsina-ala.html |access-date=2025-11-05 |website=nomadseason.com}}</ref> ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{Stub}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] 4ttekye74eqhlxksbjewn4o8j32jkx2 878803 878802 2026-07-08T07:41:53Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 Saka hujja 878803 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Katsina Ala River.jpg|thumb|kastina ah yankin ruwansu]] '''Katsina-Ala''' [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|karamar hukuma]] ce a [[jihar Benue]] dake a [[Shayarwa|shiyar]] tsakiyar [[Nijeriya]]. Hedikwatarta [[Tarayyar Amurka|tana]] cikin garin Katsina-Ala inda babbar hanyar A344 take farawa. Har ila yau, wuri ne na wani muhimmin wuri na tarihi inda aka samo kayayyakin gargajiya na al'adun Nok. ==Al'umma== Katsina-Ala tana da yanki mai fadin 2,402 km2 (927 sq mi) da yawan jama'a 224,718 a ƙidayar 2006. Garin shine wurin kayan tsoffin makarantu a Najeriya, Kwalejin Gwamnati ta Katsina-Ala, wacce aka kafa ta a shekara ta alif 1914, kuma ta samar da manyan mambobi a cikin al'ummar Najeriya. Lambar akwatin gidan yankin 980. Communityasar, wacce ke gefen Kogin Katsina Ala, babban yanki ne na Kogin Benuwe, galibi mazaunan sun mamaye ta.<ref>Thurstan Shaw (1995). The Archaeology of Africa: Food, Metals and Towns. Routledge. p. 275. <nowiki>ISBN 0-415-11585-X</nowiki>.</ref> ==Gidan kayan tarihi== An samo mutum-mutumin Terracotta a Katsina Ala a tsakiyar karni na ashirin. Sun haɗa da ainihin alamun kawunan mutane, tare da wasu dabbobi, da ɓangarorin manyan gumaka. Hotunan mutum-mutumi sun yi kama da wasu da aka samu a Nok, kimanin kilomita 209 daga arewa, kuma ana tunanin mutanen da al'adunsu daya suka yi su.<ref>James R. Penn (2001). Rivers of the world: a social, geographical, and environmental sourcebook. ABC-CLIO. p. 26. <nowiki>ISBN 1-57607-042-5</nowiki>.</ref> Adadin mutane yana iya wakiltar kakanni ko ruhohi. A cewar Bernard Fagg, wani masanin ilmin kimiya na kayan tarihi wanda ya gudanar da bincike mai zurfi game da al'adun Nok, ayyukan da ake yi a Katsina Ala sun kasance wani salo na musamman. Mutum-mutumi daga Taruga da na Samun Dukiya sun yi kama, amma suna da bambancin salo iri-iri. Aikin ƙarfe ya fara aiki a wurin a ƙarni na huɗu kafin haihuwar Yesu, da ɗan lokaci kaɗan da baƙin ƙarfe da ke aiki a Taruga. Hakanan an gano wasu narkakken kwalba da aka narke a shafin, wasu daga cikinsu na iya zama kwaikwayon kwasfa na kuli-kuli. == Yanayi == Yanayin Katsina-Ala na Najeriya yanayi ne mai zafi irin na yankunan tropics, wanda ke tattare da yanayin zafi da kuma yawan ruwan sama na yanayi. Lokacin damina yana gudana daga watan Mayu zuwa Satumba, inda ake samun ruwan sama mai yawa wanda kan kai milimita 235 (inci 9.3) a watan Satumba. Daga watan Janairu zuwa Maris kuwa, yankin na fuskantar matsakaicin zafin jiki mai yawa wanda kan kai 31°C (88°F), tare da ƙarancin ruwan sama. Watannin Nuwamba da Disamba su ne mafi sanyi, inda matsakaicin zafin jiki yakan kasance kusan 28°C (82°F) tare da ƙarancin ruwan sama.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Monthly climate in Katsina-Ala, Nigeria |url=https://nomadseason.com/climate/nigeria/benue/katsina-ala.html |access-date=2025-11-05 |website=nomadseason.com}}</ref> ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{Stub}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] 6ywx4tvyo2ssxyoq56efd8o6fhqxbl2 878804 878803 2026-07-08T07:42:32Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 Saka hujja 878804 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Katsina Ala River.jpg|thumb|kastina ah yankin ruwansu]] '''Katsina-Ala''' [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|karamar hukuma]] ce a [[jihar Benue]] dake a [[Shayarwa|shiyar]] tsakiyar [[Nijeriya]]. Hedikwatarta [[Tarayyar Amurka|tana]] cikin garin Katsina-Ala inda babbar hanyar A344 take farawa. Har ila yau, wuri ne na wani muhimmin wuri na tarihi inda aka samo kayayyakin gargajiya na al'adun Nok. ==Al'umma== Katsina-Ala tana da yanki mai fadin 2,402 km2 (927 sq mi) da yawan jama'a 224,718 a ƙidayar 2006. Garin shine wurin kayan tsoffin makarantu a Najeriya, Kwalejin Gwamnati ta Katsina-Ala, wacce aka kafa ta a shekara ta alif 1914, kuma ta samar da manyan mambobi a cikin al'ummar Najeriya. Lambar akwatin gidan yankin 980. Communityasar, wacce ke gefen Kogin Katsina Ala, babban yanki ne na Kogin Benuwe, galibi mazaunan sun mamaye ta.<ref>Thurstan Shaw (1995). The Archaeology of Africa: Food, Metals and Towns. Routledge. p. 275. <nowiki>ISBN 0-415-11585-X</nowiki>.</ref> ==Gidan kayan tarihi== An samo mutum-mutumin Terracotta a Katsina Ala a tsakiyar karni na ashirin. Sun haɗa da ainihin alamun kawunan mutane, tare da wasu dabbobi, da ɓangarorin manyan gumaka. Hotunan mutum-mutumi sun yi kama da wasu da aka samu a Nok, kimanin kilomita 209 daga arewa, kuma ana tunanin mutanen da al'adunsu daya suka yi su.<ref>James R. Penn (2001). Rivers of the world: a social, geographical, and environmental sourcebook. ABC-CLIO. p. 26. <nowiki>ISBN 1-57607-042-5</nowiki>.</ref> Adadin mutane yana iya wakiltar kakanni ko ruhohi. A cewar Bernard Fagg, wani masanin ilmin kimiya na kayan tarihi wanda ya gudanar da bincike mai zurfi game da al'adun Nok, ayyukan da ake yi a Katsina Ala sun kasance wani salo na musamman. Mutum-mutumi daga Taruga da na Samun Dukiya sun yi kama, amma suna da bambancin salo iri-iri<ref>Hope B. Werness (2003). The Continuum Encyclopedia of Native Art: Worldview, Symbolism, and Culture in Africa, Oceania, and North America. Continuum International Publishing Group. p. 223. <nowiki>ISBN 0-8264-1465-6</nowiki>.</ref>. Aikin ƙarfe ya fara aiki a wurin a ƙarni na huɗu kafin haihuwar Yesu, da ɗan lokaci kaɗan da baƙin ƙarfe da ke aiki a Taruga. Hakanan an gano wasu narkakken kwalba da aka narke a shafin, wasu daga cikinsu na iya zama kwaikwayon kwasfa na kuli-kuli. == Yanayi == Yanayin Katsina-Ala na Najeriya yanayi ne mai zafi irin na yankunan tropics, wanda ke tattare da yanayin zafi da kuma yawan ruwan sama na yanayi. Lokacin damina yana gudana daga watan Mayu zuwa Satumba, inda ake samun ruwan sama mai yawa wanda kan kai milimita 235 (inci 9.3) a watan Satumba. Daga watan Janairu zuwa Maris kuwa, yankin na fuskantar matsakaicin zafin jiki mai yawa wanda kan kai 31°C (88°F), tare da ƙarancin ruwan sama. Watannin Nuwamba da Disamba su ne mafi sanyi, inda matsakaicin zafin jiki yakan kasance kusan 28°C (82°F) tare da ƙarancin ruwan sama.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Monthly climate in Katsina-Ala, Nigeria |url=https://nomadseason.com/climate/nigeria/benue/katsina-ala.html |access-date=2025-11-05 |website=nomadseason.com}}</ref> ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{Stub}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] r1odksfobtvu0g7y3wf7bcmpb2ydyvi 878805 878804 2026-07-08T07:43:17Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 Saka hujja 878805 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Katsina Ala River.jpg|thumb|kastina ah yankin ruwansu]] '''Katsina-Ala''' [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|karamar hukuma]] ce a [[jihar Benue]] dake a [[Shayarwa|shiyar]] tsakiyar [[Nijeriya]]. Hedikwatarta [[Tarayyar Amurka|tana]] cikin garin Katsina-Ala inda babbar hanyar A344 take farawa. Har ila yau, wuri ne na wani muhimmin wuri na tarihi inda aka samo kayayyakin gargajiya na al'adun Nok. ==Al'umma== Katsina-Ala tana da yanki mai fadin 2,402 km2 (927 sq mi) da yawan jama'a 224,718 a ƙidayar 2006. Garin shine wurin kayan tsoffin makarantu a Najeriya, Kwalejin Gwamnati ta Katsina-Ala, wacce aka kafa ta a shekara ta alif 1914, kuma ta samar da manyan mambobi a cikin al'ummar Najeriya. Lambar akwatin gidan yankin 980. Communityasar, wacce ke gefen Kogin Katsina Ala, babban yanki ne na Kogin Benuwe, galibi mazaunan sun mamaye ta.<ref>Thurstan Shaw (1995). The Archaeology of Africa: Food, Metals and Towns. Routledge. p. 275. <nowiki>ISBN 0-415-11585-X</nowiki>.</ref> ==Gidan kayan tarihi== An samo mutum-mutumin Terracotta a Katsina Ala a tsakiyar karni na ashirin. Sun haɗa da ainihin alamun kawunan mutane, tare da wasu dabbobi, da ɓangarorin manyan gumaka. Hotunan mutum-mutumi sun yi kama da wasu da aka samu a Nok, kimanin kilomita 209 daga arewa, kuma ana tunanin mutanen da al'adunsu daya suka yi su.<ref>James R. Penn (2001). Rivers of the world: a social, geographical, and environmental sourcebook. ABC-CLIO. p. 26. <nowiki>ISBN 1-57607-042-5</nowiki>.</ref> Adadin mutane yana iya wakiltar kakanni ko ruhohi. A cewar Bernard Fagg, wani masanin ilmin kimiya na kayan tarihi wanda ya gudanar da bincike mai zurfi game da al'adun Nok, ayyukan da ake yi a Katsina Ala sun kasance wani salo na musamman. Mutum-mutumi daga Taruga da na Samun Dukiya sun yi kama, amma suna da bambancin salo iri-iri<ref>Hope B. Werness (2003). The Continuum Encyclopedia of Native Art: Worldview, Symbolism, and Culture in Africa, Oceania, and North America. Continuum International Publishing Group. p. 223. <nowiki>ISBN 0-8264-1465-6</nowiki>.</ref>. Aikin ƙarfe ya fara aiki a wurin a ƙarni na huɗu kafin haihuwar Yesu, da ɗan lokaci kaɗan da baƙin ƙarfe da ke aiki a Taruga.<ref>G. Mokhtar (1981). Ancient civilizations of Africa. University of California Press. p. 611. <nowiki>ISBN 0-435-94805-9</nowiki>.</ref> Hakanan an gano wasu narkakken kwalba da aka narke a shafin, wasu daga cikinsu na iya zama kwaikwayon kwasfa na kuli-kuli. == Yanayi == Yanayin Katsina-Ala na Najeriya yanayi ne mai zafi irin na yankunan tropics, wanda ke tattare da yanayin zafi da kuma yawan ruwan sama na yanayi. Lokacin damina yana gudana daga watan Mayu zuwa Satumba, inda ake samun ruwan sama mai yawa wanda kan kai milimita 235 (inci 9.3) a watan Satumba. Daga watan Janairu zuwa Maris kuwa, yankin na fuskantar matsakaicin zafin jiki mai yawa wanda kan kai 31°C (88°F), tare da ƙarancin ruwan sama. Watannin Nuwamba da Disamba su ne mafi sanyi, inda matsakaicin zafin jiki yakan kasance kusan 28°C (82°F) tare da ƙarancin ruwan sama.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Monthly climate in Katsina-Ala, Nigeria |url=https://nomadseason.com/climate/nigeria/benue/katsina-ala.html |access-date=2025-11-05 |website=nomadseason.com}}</ref> ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{Stub}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] bp8ld8vklc9e5nd71nx0gm5k90a2ccy 878806 878805 2026-07-08T07:44:07Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 Saka hujja 878806 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Katsina Ala River.jpg|thumb|kastina ah yankin ruwansu]] '''Katsina-Ala''' [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|karamar hukuma]] ce a [[jihar Benue]] dake a [[Shayarwa|shiyar]] tsakiyar [[Nijeriya]]. Hedikwatarta [[Tarayyar Amurka|tana]] cikin garin Katsina-Ala inda babbar hanyar A344 take farawa. Har ila yau, wuri ne na wani muhimmin wuri na tarihi inda aka samo kayayyakin gargajiya na al'adun Nok. ==Al'umma== Katsina-Ala tana da yanki mai fadin 2,402 km2 (927 sq mi) da yawan jama'a 224,718 a ƙidayar 2006. Garin shine wurin kayan tsoffin makarantu a Najeriya, Kwalejin Gwamnati ta Katsina-Ala, wacce aka kafa ta a shekara ta alif 1914, kuma ta samar da manyan mambobi a cikin al'ummar Najeriya. Lambar akwatin gidan yankin 980. Communityasar, wacce ke gefen Kogin Katsina Ala, babban yanki ne na Kogin Benuwe, galibi mazaunan sun mamaye ta.<ref>Thurstan Shaw (1995). The Archaeology of Africa: Food, Metals and Towns. Routledge. p. 275. <nowiki>ISBN 0-415-11585-X</nowiki>.</ref> ==Gidan kayan tarihi== An samo mutum-mutumin Terracotta a Katsina Ala a tsakiyar karni na ashirin. Sun haɗa da ainihin alamun kawunan mutane, tare da wasu dabbobi, da ɓangarorin manyan gumaka. Hotunan mutum-mutumi sun yi kama da wasu da aka samu a Nok, kimanin kilomita 209 daga arewa, kuma ana tunanin mutanen da al'adunsu daya suka yi su.<ref>James R. Penn (2001). Rivers of the world: a social, geographical, and environmental sourcebook. ABC-CLIO. p. 26. <nowiki>ISBN 1-57607-042-5</nowiki>.</ref> Adadin mutane yana iya wakiltar kakanni ko ruhohi. A cewar Bernard Fagg, wani masanin ilmin kimiya na kayan tarihi wanda ya gudanar da bincike mai zurfi game da al'adun Nok, ayyukan da ake yi a Katsina Ala sun kasance wani salo na musamman. Mutum-mutumi daga Taruga da na Samun Dukiya sun yi kama, amma suna da bambancin salo iri-iri<ref>Hope B. Werness (2003). The Continuum Encyclopedia of Native Art: Worldview, Symbolism, and Culture in Africa, Oceania, and North America. Continuum International Publishing Group. p. 223. <nowiki>ISBN 0-8264-1465-6</nowiki>.</ref>. Aikin ƙarfe ya fara aiki a wurin a ƙarni na huɗu kafin haihuwar Yesu, da ɗan lokaci kaɗan da baƙin ƙarfe da ke aiki a Taruga.<ref>G. Mokhtar (1981). Ancient civilizations of Africa. University of California Press. p. 611. <nowiki>ISBN 0-435-94805-9</nowiki>.</ref><ref>Elizabeth Allo Isichei (1997). A history of African societies to 1870. Cambridge University Press. p. 70. <nowiki>ISBN 0-521-45599-5</nowiki>.</ref> Hakanan an gano wasu narkakken kwalba da aka narke a shafin, wasu daga cikinsu na iya zama kwaikwayon kwasfa na kuli-kuli. == Yanayi == Yanayin Katsina-Ala na Najeriya yanayi ne mai zafi irin na yankunan tropics, wanda ke tattare da yanayin zafi da kuma yawan ruwan sama na yanayi. Lokacin damina yana gudana daga watan Mayu zuwa Satumba, inda ake samun ruwan sama mai yawa wanda kan kai milimita 235 (inci 9.3) a watan Satumba. Daga watan Janairu zuwa Maris kuwa, yankin na fuskantar matsakaicin zafin jiki mai yawa wanda kan kai 31°C (88°F), tare da ƙarancin ruwan sama. Watannin Nuwamba da Disamba su ne mafi sanyi, inda matsakaicin zafin jiki yakan kasance kusan 28°C (82°F) tare da ƙarancin ruwan sama.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Monthly climate in Katsina-Ala, Nigeria |url=https://nomadseason.com/climate/nigeria/benue/katsina-ala.html |access-date=2025-11-05 |website=nomadseason.com}}</ref> ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{Stub}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] 23x5g8aftadu50s5ycjmswu4kxzopgr 878807 878806 2026-07-08T07:44:42Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 Saka hujja 878807 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Katsina Ala River.jpg|thumb|kastina ah yankin ruwansu]] '''Katsina-Ala''' [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|karamar hukuma]] ce a [[jihar Benue]] dake a [[Shayarwa|shiyar]] tsakiyar [[Nijeriya]]. Hedikwatarta [[Tarayyar Amurka|tana]] cikin garin Katsina-Ala inda babbar hanyar A344 take farawa. Har ila yau, wuri ne na wani muhimmin wuri na tarihi inda aka samo kayayyakin gargajiya na al'adun Nok. ==Al'umma== Katsina-Ala tana da yanki mai fadin 2,402 km2 (927 sq mi) da yawan jama'a 224,718 a ƙidayar 2006. Garin shine wurin kayan tsoffin makarantu a Najeriya, Kwalejin Gwamnati ta Katsina-Ala, wacce aka kafa ta a shekara ta alif 1914, kuma ta samar da manyan mambobi a cikin al'ummar Najeriya. Lambar akwatin gidan yankin 980. Communityasar, wacce ke gefen Kogin Katsina Ala, babban yanki ne na Kogin Benuwe, galibi mazaunan sun mamaye ta.<ref>Thurstan Shaw (1995). The Archaeology of Africa: Food, Metals and Towns. Routledge. p. 275. <nowiki>ISBN 0-415-11585-X</nowiki>.</ref> ==Gidan kayan tarihi== An samo mutum-mutumin Terracotta a Katsina Ala a tsakiyar karni na ashirin. Sun haɗa da ainihin alamun kawunan mutane, tare da wasu dabbobi, da ɓangarorin manyan gumaka. Hotunan mutum-mutumi sun yi kama da wasu da aka samu a Nok, kimanin kilomita 209 daga arewa, kuma ana tunanin mutanen da al'adunsu daya suka yi su.<ref>James R. Penn (2001). Rivers of the world: a social, geographical, and environmental sourcebook. ABC-CLIO. p. 26. <nowiki>ISBN 1-57607-042-5</nowiki>.</ref> Adadin mutane yana iya wakiltar kakanni ko ruhohi. A cewar Bernard Fagg, wani masanin ilmin kimiya na kayan tarihi wanda ya gudanar da bincike mai zurfi game da al'adun Nok, ayyukan da ake yi a Katsina Ala sun kasance wani salo na musamman. Mutum-mutumi daga Taruga da na Samun Dukiya sun yi kama, amma suna da bambancin salo iri-iri<ref>Hope B. Werness (2003). The Continuum Encyclopedia of Native Art: Worldview, Symbolism, and Culture in Africa, Oceania, and North America. Continuum International Publishing Group. p. 223. <nowiki>ISBN 0-8264-1465-6</nowiki>.</ref>. Aikin ƙarfe ya fara aiki a wurin a ƙarni na huɗu kafin haihuwar Yesu, da ɗan lokaci kaɗan da baƙin ƙarfe da ke aiki a Taruga.<ref>G. Mokhtar (1981). Ancient civilizations of Africa. University of California Press. p. 611. <nowiki>ISBN 0-435-94805-9</nowiki>.</ref><ref>Elizabeth Allo Isichei (1997). A history of African societies to 1870. Cambridge University Press. p. 70. <nowiki>ISBN 0-521-45599-5</nowiki>.</ref> Hakanan an gano wasu narkakken kwalba da aka narke a shafin, wasu daga cikinsu na iya zama kwaikwayon kwasfa na kuli-kuli.<ref>Kit W. Wesler (1998). Historical archaeology in Nigeria. Africa World Press. <nowiki>ISBN 0-86543-610-X</nowiki>.</ref> == Yanayi == Yanayin Katsina-Ala na Najeriya yanayi ne mai zafi irin na yankunan tropics, wanda ke tattare da yanayin zafi da kuma yawan ruwan sama na yanayi. Lokacin damina yana gudana daga watan Mayu zuwa Satumba, inda ake samun ruwan sama mai yawa wanda kan kai milimita 235 (inci 9.3) a watan Satumba. Daga watan Janairu zuwa Maris kuwa, yankin na fuskantar matsakaicin zafin jiki mai yawa wanda kan kai 31°C (88°F), tare da ƙarancin ruwan sama. Watannin Nuwamba da Disamba su ne mafi sanyi, inda matsakaicin zafin jiki yakan kasance kusan 28°C (82°F) tare da ƙarancin ruwan sama.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Monthly climate in Katsina-Ala, Nigeria |url=https://nomadseason.com/climate/nigeria/benue/katsina-ala.html |access-date=2025-11-05 |website=nomadseason.com}}</ref> ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{Stub}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] k8zkj31hik0krzs0brmxcxm4pieyh2a 0 9545 878797 843065 2026-07-08T07:28:28Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 Gyara mukala 878797 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Guma''' daya ce daga cikin [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|kananan hukumomin]] [[jihar Benue]] dake a shiyar tsakiyar [[Nijeriya]]. == Tarihi == An kafa yankin Karamar Hukumar Guma ta Karamar Hukumar Makurdi a watan Mayun 1989.[3] Tsohon gwamnan Jihar Benue da aka zaba a zaben gwamna na ranar 11 ga Afrilu, 2015, Cif Dr. Samuel Ortom ya fito daga Guma. Yanayin Kasa/Yanayi Yankin Karamar Hukumar Guma yana da fadin kasa baki daya na kilomita 2,882 (1,113 sq mi), kuma Kogin Guma yana ratsa iyakokinta. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara na Karamar Hukumar Guma shine digiri 29 Celsius ko digiri 82 Fahrenheit, kuma yankin yana samun matsakaicin ruwan sama na mm 1,850 (inci 73) a kowace shekara. Matsayin danshi na Karamar Hukumar Guma shine kashi 61 cikin 100 a matsakaici.[4][3] Da fadin kasa na murabba'in kilomita 2,882/mil 1,113 sq mi, yankin karamar Hukumar Guma yana cikin yankin arewacin Jihar Benue. Tana nan a latitude 06° 33' da 07° 03' Arewa da longitude 07°60' da 08° 12' Gabas.[5] == Tattalin Arziki == Babban hanyar samun kuɗaɗen shiga ga mazauna Ƙaramar Hukumar Guma ita ce noma, kuma ana samar da amfanin gona iri-iri kamar shinkafa, doya, rogo da masara a manyan adadi. Yankin kuma na da yalwar albarkatun ma’adinai irin su gishiri, zinc da barite. Bugu da ƙari, Ƙaramar Hukumar Guma na da kasuwanni da dama inda ake saye da sayar da kayayyaki iri-iri, ciki har da Kasuwar Abinsi da Kasuwar Agasha. Sana’o’in ƙira da aikin kafinta ma na daga cikin muhimman hanyoyin tattalin arzikin al’ummar Ƙaramar Hukumar Guma.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Guma Local Government Area |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/161/guma |access-date=2023-08-27 |website=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] czy3hdwvezuwsbejbsou5b5sv17hrs0 878798 878797 2026-07-08T07:29:05Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 Saka hujja 878798 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Guma''' daya ce daga cikin [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|kananan hukumomin]] [[jihar Benue]] dake a shiyar tsakiyar [[Nijeriya]]. == Tarihi == An kafa yankin Karamar Hukumar Guma ta Karamar Hukumar Makurdi a watan Mayun 1989.<ref>"Guma Local Government Area". www.manpower.com.ng. Retrieved 27 August 2023</ref> Tsohon gwamnan Jihar Benue da aka zaba a zaben gwamna na ranar 11 ga Afrilu, 2015, Cif Dr. Samuel Ortom ya fito daga Guma. Yanayin Kasa/Yanayi Yankin Karamar Hukumar Guma yana da fadin kasa baki daya na kilomita 2,882 (1,113 sq mi), kuma Kogin Guma yana ratsa iyakokinta. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara na Karamar Hukumar Guma shine digiri 29 Celsius ko digiri 82 Fahrenheit, kuma yankin yana samun matsakaicin ruwan sama na mm 1,850 (inci 73) a kowace shekara. Matsayin danshi na Karamar Hukumar Guma shine kashi 61 cikin 100 a matsakaici.[4][3] Da fadin kasa na murabba'in kilomita 2,882/mil 1,113 sq mi, yankin karamar Hukumar Guma yana cikin yankin arewacin Jihar Benue. Tana nan a latitude 06° 33' da 07° 03' Arewa da longitude 07°60' da 08° 12' Gabas.[5] == Tattalin Arziki == Babban hanyar samun kuɗaɗen shiga ga mazauna Ƙaramar Hukumar Guma ita ce noma, kuma ana samar da amfanin gona iri-iri kamar shinkafa, doya, rogo da masara a manyan adadi. Yankin kuma na da yalwar albarkatun ma’adinai irin su gishiri, zinc da barite. Bugu da ƙari, Ƙaramar Hukumar Guma na da kasuwanni da dama inda ake saye da sayar da kayayyaki iri-iri, ciki har da Kasuwar Abinsi da Kasuwar Agasha. Sana’o’in ƙira da aikin kafinta ma na daga cikin muhimman hanyoyin tattalin arzikin al’ummar Ƙaramar Hukumar Guma.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Guma Local Government Area |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/161/guma |access-date=2023-08-27 |website=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] sg3phqr8me8wtantcjlbohzagcriind 878799 878798 2026-07-08T07:30:12Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 878799 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Guma''' daya ce daga cikin [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|kananan hukumomin]] [[jihar Benue]] dake a shiyar tsakiyar [[Nijeriya]]. == Tarihi == An kafa yankin Karamar Hukumar Guma ta Karamar Hukumar Makurdi a watan Mayun 1989.<ref>"Guma Local Government Area". www.manpower.com.ng. Retrieved 27 August 2023</ref> Tsohon gwamnan Jihar Benue da aka zaba a zaben gwamna na ranar 11 ga Afrilu, 2015, Cif Dr. Samuel Ortom ya fito daga Guma. Yanayin Kasa/Yanayi == Yankin Karamar Hukumar Guma yana da fadin kasa baki daya na kilomita 2,882 (1,113 sq mi), kuma Kogin Guma yana ratsa iyakokinta. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara na Karamar Hukumar Guma shine digiri 29 Celsius ko digiri 82 Fahrenheit, kuma yankin yana samun matsakaicin ruwan sama na mm 1,850 (inci 73) a kowace shekara. Matsayin danshi na Karamar Hukumar Guma shine kashi 61 cikin 100 a matsakaici.<ref>"Weather in Guma ⛅ (Benue), Nigeria - Weather Forecast - www.ViewWeather.com". www.viewweather.com. Retrieved 27 August 2023.</ref> == Da fadin kasa na murabba'in kilomita 2,882/mil 1,113 sq mi, yankin karamar Hukumar Guma yana cikin yankin arewacin Jihar Benue. Tana nan a latitude 06° 33' da 07° 03' Arewa da longitude 07°60' da 08° 12' Gabas.[5] == Tattalin Arziki == Babban hanyar samun kuɗaɗen shiga ga mazauna Ƙaramar Hukumar Guma ita ce noma, kuma ana samar da amfanin gona iri-iri kamar shinkafa, doya, rogo da masara a manyan adadi. Yankin kuma na da yalwar albarkatun ma’adinai irin su gishiri, zinc da barite. Bugu da ƙari, Ƙaramar Hukumar Guma na da kasuwanni da dama inda ake saye da sayar da kayayyaki iri-iri, ciki har da Kasuwar Abinsi da Kasuwar Agasha. Sana’o’in ƙira da aikin kafinta ma na daga cikin muhimman hanyoyin tattalin arzikin al’ummar Ƙaramar Hukumar Guma.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Guma Local Government Area |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/161/guma |access-date=2023-08-27 |website=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] lr38pv3cucw22r60z7j8kasliisycpi 878800 878799 2026-07-08T07:30:33Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 878800 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Guma''' daya ce daga cikin [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|kananan hukumomin]] [[jihar Benue]] dake a shiyar tsakiyar [[Nijeriya]]. == Tarihi == An kafa yankin Karamar Hukumar Guma ta Karamar Hukumar Makurdi a watan Mayun 1989.<ref>"Guma Local Government Area". www.manpower.com.ng. Retrieved 27 August 2023</ref> Tsohon gwamnan Jihar Benue da aka zaba a zaben gwamna na ranar 11 ga Afrilu, 2015, Cif Dr. Samuel Ortom ya fito daga Guma. Yanayin Kasa/Yanayi Yankin Karamar Hukumar Guma yana da fadin kasa baki daya na kilomita 2,882 (1,113 sq mi), kuma Kogin Guma yana ratsa iyakokinta. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara na Karamar Hukumar Guma shine digiri 29 Celsius ko digiri 82 Fahrenheit, kuma yankin yana samun matsakaicin ruwan sama na mm 1,850 (inci 73) a kowace shekara. Matsayin danshi na Karamar Hukumar Guma shine kashi 61 cikin 100 a matsakaici.<ref>"Weather in Guma ⛅ (Benue), Nigeria - Weather Forecast - www.ViewWeather.com". www.viewweather.com. Retrieved 27 August 2023.</ref> == Da fadin kasa na murabba'in kilomita 2,882/mil 1,113 sq mi, yankin karamar Hukumar Guma yana cikin yankin arewacin Jihar Benue. Tana nan a latitude 06° 33' da 07° 03' Arewa da longitude 07°60' da 08° 12' Gabas.[5] == Tattalin Arziki == Babban hanyar samun kuɗaɗen shiga ga mazauna Ƙaramar Hukumar Guma ita ce noma, kuma ana samar da amfanin gona iri-iri kamar shinkafa, doya, rogo da masara a manyan adadi. Yankin kuma na da yalwar albarkatun ma’adinai irin su gishiri, zinc da barite. Bugu da ƙari, Ƙaramar Hukumar Guma na da kasuwanni da dama inda ake saye da sayar da kayayyaki iri-iri, ciki har da Kasuwar Abinsi da Kasuwar Agasha. Sana’o’in ƙira da aikin kafinta ma na daga cikin muhimman hanyoyin tattalin arzikin al’ummar Ƙaramar Hukumar Guma.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Guma Local Government Area |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/161/guma |access-date=2023-08-27 |website=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] ttb6vvs8538wxguvid98py8m52ql9r1 878801 878800 2026-07-08T07:31:24Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 Saka hujja 878801 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Guma''' daya ce daga cikin [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|kananan hukumomin]] [[jihar Benue]] dake a shiyar tsakiyar [[Nijeriya]]. == Tarihi == An kafa yankin Karamar Hukumar Guma ta Karamar Hukumar Makurdi a watan Mayun 1989.<ref>"Guma Local Government Area". www.manpower.com.ng. Retrieved 27 August 2023</ref> Tsohon gwamnan Jihar Benue da aka zaba a zaben gwamna na ranar 11 ga Afrilu, 2015, Cif Dr. Samuel Ortom ya fito daga Guma. == Yanayin Kasa/Yanayi == Yankin Karamar Hukumar Guma yana da fadin kasa baki daya na kilomita 2,882 (1,113 sq mi), kuma Kogin Guma yana ratsa iyakokinta. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara na Karamar Hukumar Guma shine digiri 29 Celsius ko digiri 82 Fahrenheit, kuma yankin yana samun matsakaicin ruwan sama na mm 1,850 (inci 73) a kowace shekara. Matsayin danshi na Karamar Hukumar Guma shine kashi 61 cikin 100 a matsakaici.<ref>"Weather in Guma ⛅ (Benue), Nigeria - Weather Forecast - www.ViewWeather.com". www.viewweather.com. Retrieved 27 August 2023.</ref> == Da fadin kasa na murabba'in kilomita 2,882/mil 1,113 sq mi, yankin karamar Hukumar Guma yana cikin yankin arewacin Jihar Benue. Tana nan a latitude 06° 33' da 07° 03' Arewa da longitude 07°60' da 08° 12' Gabas.<ref>"Guma, Nigeria Weather Conditions | Weather Underground". www.wunderground.com. Retrieved 27 August 2023.</ref> == Tattalin Arziki == Babban hanyar samun kuɗaɗen shiga ga mazauna Ƙaramar Hukumar Guma ita ce noma, kuma ana samar da amfanin gona iri-iri kamar shinkafa, doya, rogo da masara a manyan adadi. Yankin kuma na da yalwar albarkatun ma’adinai irin su gishiri, zinc da barite. Bugu da ƙari, Ƙaramar Hukumar Guma na da kasuwanni da dama inda ake saye da sayar da kayayyaki iri-iri, ciki har da Kasuwar Abinsi da Kasuwar Agasha. Sana’o’in ƙira da aikin kafinta ma na daga cikin muhimman hanyoyin tattalin arzikin al’ummar Ƙaramar Hukumar Guma.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Guma Local Government Area |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/161/guma |access-date=2023-08-27 |website=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] eccf4yvuv3zopcafrm9p1yxochhofc9 0 9546 878808 843087 2026-07-08T08:03:14Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 Gyara mukala 878808 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Konshisha karamar hukuma ce a Jihar Benue, Najeriya. Hedikwatarta tana cikin garin Tse-Agberagba. Yana da fadin murabba'in kilomita 1,673 kuma yana da yawan jama'a 225,672 a ƙidayar jama'a ta 2006.[1] Yankin yana da yawan jama'a daga ƙabilar Tiv. Ana amfani da yaren Tiv sosai, yayin da Kiristanci shine addinin da aka fi amfani da shi a yankin.[2] Lambar akwatin gidan waya ta yankin ita ce 971.[3] == Tarihi == An sanya wa ƙaramar hukumar Konshisha suna ne bayan Kogin Konshisha, wanda ya samo asali daga ƙaramar hukumar Gboko. An sanya wa hedikwatarta suna ne bayan marigayi Pa Agberagba Yonkyo, wanda ya kafa wata babbar kasuwa a yankin.[4] An kafa ƙaramar hukumar Konshisha a ranar 28 ga Fabrairu, 1983, daga tsohuwar ƙaramar hukumar Vandeikya a jihar Benue.[4] Duk da haka, gwamnatin soja da ta hau mulki a lokacin a shekarar 1984 ta soke ƙaramar hukumar. A ranar 4 ga Fabrairu, 1989, Gwamnatin Janar Ibrahim Bagandiga ta yanke shawarar sake kafa ta.[4] Mutane masu daraja Barnabas Gemade Joseph Akagerger Bernard Hom SAN Justice Shagbaor Ikyegh Rt. Hon. Herman Iorwase Hembe == Geography == Ƙaramar Hukumar Konshisha tana kan ƙasa mai faɗi a Arewa maso Gabashin Jihar Benue wacce take tsakanin tsayin mita 8o 400 Gabas da Latitude 6o551 da 7o 231 Arewa. Da jimillar faɗin murabba'in kilomita 1,673 ko murabba'in mil 646 da matsakaicin zafin digiri 28 na Celsius ko digiri 82.4 na Fahrenheit, ƙaramar hukumar Konshisha tana da girma sosai. Ana samun ruwa da yawa, kamar Kogin Konshisha da Tafkin Beraba, a yankin. Akwai kuma wasu tsaunuka da dama, ciki har da tsaunukan Selagi da Agila, a cikin yanayin ƙasa na ƙaramar hukumar Konshisha.[2] == Yanayi == Yanayi mai dumi, tare da yanayin zafi tsakanin 17 °C (63 °F) zuwa 32 °C (90 °F), da kuma yanayi mai tsanani na lokaci-lokaci, sune alamun yanayi, wanda ake bambanta shi da lokacin damina da bushewa.[5] Konshisha tana da yanayi mai zafi na savanna tare da yanayi mai danshi daban-daban daga Afrilu zuwa Oktoba da kuma lokacin rani daga Nuwamba zuwa Maris. Ruwan sama na shekara-shekara yawanci yana sauka tsakanin 1,300 mm (51 in) da 1,800 mm (71 in).[6] == Iyakoki == Konshisha tana da iyaka a Arewa da Karamar Hukumar Gboko, Karamar Hukumar Gwer a yamma Karamar Hukumar Ushongo da Kananan Hukumomin Vandeikya a Gabas, Karamar Hukumar Oju a Kudu maso Yamma da kuma, Cross River a Kudu.[4] == Tattalin Arzikin Konshisha == Yawancin mutane a karamar hukumar Konshisha suna aiki a fannin noma, kuma doya, rogo, shinkafa, masarar Guinea, da waken soya suna cikin amfanin gona da ake nomawa a wurin. Cinikin yana bunƙasa a yankin, kuma karamar hukumar tana da kasuwanni da dama inda ake siyan kayayyaki iri-iri. Mazauna karamar hukumar Konshisha suma suna yin aikin haƙa dutse, sarrafa abinci, da farauta a matsayin manyan ayyukan tattalin arziki.[2] A wani yanayi makamancin haka, jama'a suna kiwon dabbobi. Awaki, aladu, tsuntsaye, shanun Fulani, da sauran dabbobin gida iri-iri suna daga cikin dabbobin da ake kiwonsu a yankin.[4]{{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] iqlz409znmjda9jh19fv7i8vmsswzpr 878809 878808 2026-07-08T08:06:10Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 Saka hujja 878809 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Konshisha karamar hukuma ce a Jihar Benue, Najeriya. Hedikwatarta tana cikin garin Tse-Agberagba. Yana da fadin murabba'in kilomita 1,673 kuma yana da yawan jama'a 225,672 a ƙidayar jama'a ta 2006.<ref>Nigeria, Media (22 February 2022). "History Of Konshisha LGA, Benue State". Media Nigeria. Retrieved 15 September 2022.</ref> Yankin yana da yawan jama'a daga ƙabilar Tiv. Ana amfani da yaren Tiv sosai, yayin da Kiristanci shine addinin da aka fi amfani da shi a yankin.[2] Lambar akwatin gidan waya ta yankin ita ce 971.[3] == Tarihi == An sanya wa ƙaramar hukumar Konshisha suna ne bayan Kogin Konshisha, wanda ya samo asali daga ƙaramar hukumar Gboko. An sanya wa hedikwatarta suna ne bayan marigayi Pa Agberagba Yonkyo, wanda ya kafa wata babbar kasuwa a yankin.[4] An kafa ƙaramar hukumar Konshisha a ranar 28 ga Fabrairu, 1983, daga tsohuwar ƙaramar hukumar Vandeikya a jihar Benue.[4] Duk da haka, gwamnatin soja da ta hau mulki a lokacin a shekarar 1984 ta soke ƙaramar hukumar. A ranar 4 ga Fabrairu, 1989, Gwamnatin Janar Ibrahim Bagandiga ta yanke shawarar sake kafa ta.[4] Mutane masu daraja Barnabas Gemade Joseph Akagerger Bernard Hom SAN Justice Shagbaor Ikyegh Rt. Hon. Herman Iorwase Hembe == Geography == Ƙaramar Hukumar Konshisha tana kan ƙasa mai faɗi a Arewa maso Gabashin Jihar Benue wacce take tsakanin tsayin mita 8o 400 Gabas da Latitude 6o551 da 7o 231 Arewa. Da jimillar faɗin murabba'in kilomita 1,673 ko murabba'in mil 646 da matsakaicin zafin digiri 28 na Celsius ko digiri 82.4 na Fahrenheit, ƙaramar hukumar Konshisha tana da girma sosai. Ana samun ruwa da yawa, kamar Kogin Konshisha da Tafkin Beraba, a yankin. Akwai kuma wasu tsaunuka da dama, ciki har da tsaunukan Selagi da Agila, a cikin yanayin ƙasa na ƙaramar hukumar Konshisha.[2] == Yanayi == Yanayi mai dumi, tare da yanayin zafi tsakanin 17 °C (63 °F) zuwa 32 °C (90 °F), da kuma yanayi mai tsanani na lokaci-lokaci, sune alamun yanayi, wanda ake bambanta shi da lokacin damina da bushewa.[5] Konshisha tana da yanayi mai zafi na savanna tare da yanayi mai danshi daban-daban daga Afrilu zuwa Oktoba da kuma lokacin rani daga Nuwamba zuwa Maris. Ruwan sama na shekara-shekara yawanci yana sauka tsakanin 1,300 mm (51 in) da 1,800 mm (71 in).[6] == Iyakoki == Konshisha tana da iyaka a Arewa da Karamar Hukumar Gboko, Karamar Hukumar Gwer a yamma Karamar Hukumar Ushongo da Kananan Hukumomin Vandeikya a Gabas, Karamar Hukumar Oju a Kudu maso Yamma da kuma, Cross River a Kudu.[4] == Tattalin Arzikin Konshisha == Yawancin mutane a karamar hukumar Konshisha suna aiki a fannin noma, kuma doya, rogo, shinkafa, masarar Guinea, da waken soya suna cikin amfanin gona da ake nomawa a wurin. Cinikin yana bunƙasa a yankin, kuma karamar hukumar tana da kasuwanni da dama inda ake siyan kayayyaki iri-iri. Mazauna karamar hukumar Konshisha suma suna yin aikin haƙa dutse, sarrafa abinci, da farauta a matsayin manyan ayyukan tattalin arziki.[2] A wani yanayi makamancin haka, jama'a suna kiwon dabbobi. Awaki, aladu, tsuntsaye, shanun Fulani, da sauran dabbobin gida iri-iri suna daga cikin dabbobin da ake kiwonsu a yankin.[4]{{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] bh648ls8d30g7t83207uxv4j4d7rpjd 878810 878809 2026-07-08T08:06:55Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 Saka hujja 878810 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Konshisha karamar hukuma ce a Jihar Benue, Najeriya. Hedikwatarta tana cikin garin Tse-Agberagba. Yana da fadin murabba'in kilomita 1,673 kuma yana da yawan jama'a 225,672 a ƙidayar jama'a ta 2006.<ref>Nigeria, Media (22 February 2022). "History Of Konshisha LGA, Benue State". Media Nigeria. Retrieved 15 September 2022.</ref> Yankin yana da yawan jama'a daga ƙabilar Tiv. Ana amfani da yaren Tiv sosai, yayin da Kiristanci shine addinin da aka fi amfani da shi a yankin.<ref>Konshisha Local Government Area". www.manpower.com.ng. Retrieved 15 September 2022</ref> Lambar akwatin gidan waya ta yankin ita ce 971.[3] == Tarihi == An sanya wa ƙaramar hukumar Konshisha suna ne bayan Kogin Konshisha, wanda ya samo asali daga ƙaramar hukumar Gboko. An sanya wa hedikwatarta suna ne bayan marigayi Pa Agberagba Yonkyo, wanda ya kafa wata babbar kasuwa a yankin.[4] An kafa ƙaramar hukumar Konshisha a ranar 28 ga Fabrairu, 1983, daga tsohuwar ƙaramar hukumar Vandeikya a jihar Benue.[4] Duk da haka, gwamnatin soja da ta hau mulki a lokacin a shekarar 1984 ta soke ƙaramar hukumar. A ranar 4 ga Fabrairu, 1989, Gwamnatin Janar Ibrahim Bagandiga ta yanke shawarar sake kafa ta.[4] Mutane masu daraja Barnabas Gemade Joseph Akagerger Bernard Hom SAN Justice Shagbaor Ikyegh Rt. Hon. Herman Iorwase Hembe == Geography == Ƙaramar Hukumar Konshisha tana kan ƙasa mai faɗi a Arewa maso Gabashin Jihar Benue wacce take tsakanin tsayin mita 8o 400 Gabas da Latitude 6o551 da 7o 231 Arewa. Da jimillar faɗin murabba'in kilomita 1,673 ko murabba'in mil 646 da matsakaicin zafin digiri 28 na Celsius ko digiri 82.4 na Fahrenheit, ƙaramar hukumar Konshisha tana da girma sosai. Ana samun ruwa da yawa, kamar Kogin Konshisha da Tafkin Beraba, a yankin. Akwai kuma wasu tsaunuka da dama, ciki har da tsaunukan Selagi da Agila, a cikin yanayin ƙasa na ƙaramar hukumar Konshisha.[2] == Yanayi == Yanayi mai dumi, tare da yanayin zafi tsakanin 17 °C (63 °F) zuwa 32 °C (90 °F), da kuma yanayi mai tsanani na lokaci-lokaci, sune alamun yanayi, wanda ake bambanta shi da lokacin damina da bushewa.[5] Konshisha tana da yanayi mai zafi na savanna tare da yanayi mai danshi daban-daban daga Afrilu zuwa Oktoba da kuma lokacin rani daga Nuwamba zuwa Maris. Ruwan sama na shekara-shekara yawanci yana sauka tsakanin 1,300 mm (51 in) da 1,800 mm (71 in).[6] == Iyakoki == Konshisha tana da iyaka a Arewa da Karamar Hukumar Gboko, Karamar Hukumar Gwer a yamma Karamar Hukumar Ushongo da Kananan Hukumomin Vandeikya a Gabas, Karamar Hukumar Oju a Kudu maso Yamma da kuma, Cross River a Kudu.[4] == Tattalin Arzikin Konshisha == Yawancin mutane a karamar hukumar Konshisha suna aiki a fannin noma, kuma doya, rogo, shinkafa, masarar Guinea, da waken soya suna cikin amfanin gona da ake nomawa a wurin. Cinikin yana bunƙasa a yankin, kuma karamar hukumar tana da kasuwanni da dama inda ake siyan kayayyaki iri-iri. Mazauna karamar hukumar Konshisha suma suna yin aikin haƙa dutse, sarrafa abinci, da farauta a matsayin manyan ayyukan tattalin arziki.[2] A wani yanayi makamancin haka, jama'a suna kiwon dabbobi. Awaki, aladu, tsuntsaye, shanun Fulani, da sauran dabbobin gida iri-iri suna daga cikin dabbobin da ake kiwonsu a yankin.[4]{{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] m4as16jpe6npnlreew1p2j9spxl01ej 878811 878810 2026-07-08T08:07:38Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 Saka hujja 878811 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Konshisha karamar hukuma ce a Jihar Benue, Najeriya. Hedikwatarta tana cikin garin Tse-Agberagba. Yana da fadin murabba'in kilomita 1,673 kuma yana da yawan jama'a 225,672 a ƙidayar jama'a ta 2006.<ref>Nigeria, Media (22 February 2022). "History Of Konshisha LGA, Benue State". Media Nigeria. Retrieved 15 September 2022.</ref> Yankin yana da yawan jama'a daga ƙabilar Tiv. Ana amfani da yaren Tiv sosai, yayin da Kiristanci shine addinin da aka fi amfani da shi a yankin.<ref>Konshisha Local Government Area". www.manpower.com.ng. Retrieved 15 September 2022</ref> Lambar akwatin gidan waya ta yankin ita ce 971.<ref>"Post Offices- with map of LGA". NIPOST. Archived from the original on 26 November 2012. Retrieved 20 October 2009.</ref> == Tarihi == An sanya wa ƙaramar hukumar Konshisha suna ne bayan Kogin Konshisha, wanda ya samo asali daga ƙaramar hukumar Gboko. An sanya wa hedikwatarta suna ne bayan marigayi Pa Agberagba Yonkyo, wanda ya kafa wata babbar kasuwa a yankin.[4] An kafa ƙaramar hukumar Konshisha a ranar 28 ga Fabrairu, 1983, daga tsohuwar ƙaramar hukumar Vandeikya a jihar Benue.[4] Duk da haka, gwamnatin soja da ta hau mulki a lokacin a shekarar 1984 ta soke ƙaramar hukumar. A ranar 4 ga Fabrairu, 1989, Gwamnatin Janar Ibrahim Bagandiga ta yanke shawarar sake kafa ta.[4] Mutane masu daraja Barnabas Gemade Joseph Akagerger Bernard Hom SAN Justice Shagbaor Ikyegh Rt. Hon. Herman Iorwase Hembe == Geography == Ƙaramar Hukumar Konshisha tana kan ƙasa mai faɗi a Arewa maso Gabashin Jihar Benue wacce take tsakanin tsayin mita 8o 400 Gabas da Latitude 6o551 da 7o 231 Arewa. Da jimillar faɗin murabba'in kilomita 1,673 ko murabba'in mil 646 da matsakaicin zafin digiri 28 na Celsius ko digiri 82.4 na Fahrenheit, ƙaramar hukumar Konshisha tana da girma sosai. Ana samun ruwa da yawa, kamar Kogin Konshisha da Tafkin Beraba, a yankin. Akwai kuma wasu tsaunuka da dama, ciki har da tsaunukan Selagi da Agila, a cikin yanayin ƙasa na ƙaramar hukumar Konshisha.[2] == Yanayi == Yanayi mai dumi, tare da yanayin zafi tsakanin 17 °C (63 °F) zuwa 32 °C (90 °F), da kuma yanayi mai tsanani na lokaci-lokaci, sune alamun yanayi, wanda ake bambanta shi da lokacin damina da bushewa.[5] Konshisha tana da yanayi mai zafi na savanna tare da yanayi mai danshi daban-daban daga Afrilu zuwa Oktoba da kuma lokacin rani daga Nuwamba zuwa Maris. Ruwan sama na shekara-shekara yawanci yana sauka tsakanin 1,300 mm (51 in) da 1,800 mm (71 in).[6] == Iyakoki == Konshisha tana da iyaka a Arewa da Karamar Hukumar Gboko, Karamar Hukumar Gwer a yamma Karamar Hukumar Ushongo da Kananan Hukumomin Vandeikya a Gabas, Karamar Hukumar Oju a Kudu maso Yamma da kuma, Cross River a Kudu.[4] == Tattalin Arzikin Konshisha == Yawancin mutane a karamar hukumar Konshisha suna aiki a fannin noma, kuma doya, rogo, shinkafa, masarar Guinea, da waken soya suna cikin amfanin gona da ake nomawa a wurin. Cinikin yana bunƙasa a yankin, kuma karamar hukumar tana da kasuwanni da dama inda ake siyan kayayyaki iri-iri. Mazauna karamar hukumar Konshisha suma suna yin aikin haƙa dutse, sarrafa abinci, da farauta a matsayin manyan ayyukan tattalin arziki.[2] A wani yanayi makamancin haka, jama'a suna kiwon dabbobi. Awaki, aladu, tsuntsaye, shanun Fulani, da sauran dabbobin gida iri-iri suna daga cikin dabbobin da ake kiwonsu a yankin.[4]{{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] 4rjjol57f6v8az615bh0tnyfuuz9qvd 878817 878811 2026-07-08T08:16:04Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 Saka hujja 878817 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Konshisha karamar hukuma ce a Jihar Benue, Najeriya. Hedikwatarta tana cikin garin Tse-Agberagba. Yana da fadin murabba'in kilomita 1,673 kuma yana da yawan jama'a 225,672 a ƙidayar jama'a ta 2006.<ref>Nigeria, Media (22 February 2022). "History Of Konshisha LGA, Benue State". Media Nigeria. Retrieved 15 September 2022.</ref> Yankin yana da yawan jama'a daga ƙabilar Tiv. Ana amfani da yaren Tiv sosai, yayin da Kiristanci shine addinin da aka fi amfani da shi a yankin.<ref>Konshisha Local Government Area". www.manpower.com.ng. Retrieved 15 September 2022</ref> Lambar akwatin gidan waya ta yankin ita ce 971.<ref>"Post Offices- with map of LGA". NIPOST. Archived from the original on 26 November 2012. Retrieved 20 October 2009.</ref> == Tarihi == An sanya wa ƙaramar hukumar Konshisha suna ne bayan Kogin Konshisha, wanda ya samo asali daga ƙaramar hukumar Gboko. An sanya wa hedikwatarta suna ne bayan marigayi Pa Agberagba Yonkyo, wanda ya kafa wata babbar kasuwa a yankin.<ref>"Konshisha Local Government Area – I am Benue". Retrieved 15 September 2022.</ref> An kafa ƙaramar hukumar Konshisha a ranar 28 ga Fabrairu, 1983, daga tsohuwar ƙaramar hukumar Vandeikya a jihar Benue.[4] Duk da haka, gwamnatin soja da ta hau mulki a lokacin a shekarar 1984 ta soke ƙaramar hukumar. A ranar 4 ga Fabrairu, 1989, Gwamnatin Janar Ibrahim Bagandiga ta yanke shawarar sake kafa ta.[4] Mutane masu daraja Barnabas Gemade Joseph Akagerger Bernard Hom SAN Justice Shagbaor Ikyegh Rt. Hon. Herman Iorwase Hembe == Geography == Ƙaramar Hukumar Konshisha tana kan ƙasa mai faɗi a Arewa maso Gabashin Jihar Benue wacce take tsakanin tsayin mita 8o 400 Gabas da Latitude 6o551 da 7o 231 Arewa. Da jimillar faɗin murabba'in kilomita 1,673 ko murabba'in mil 646 da matsakaicin zafin digiri 28 na Celsius ko digiri 82.4 na Fahrenheit, ƙaramar hukumar Konshisha tana da girma sosai. Ana samun ruwa da yawa, kamar Kogin Konshisha da Tafkin Beraba, a yankin. Akwai kuma wasu tsaunuka da dama, ciki har da tsaunukan Selagi da Agila, a cikin yanayin ƙasa na ƙaramar hukumar Konshisha.[2] == Yanayi == Yanayi mai dumi, tare da yanayin zafi tsakanin 17 °C (63 °F) zuwa 32 °C (90 °F), da kuma yanayi mai tsanani na lokaci-lokaci, sune alamun yanayi, wanda ake bambanta shi da lokacin damina da bushewa.[5] Konshisha tana da yanayi mai zafi na savanna tare da yanayi mai danshi daban-daban daga Afrilu zuwa Oktoba da kuma lokacin rani daga Nuwamba zuwa Maris. Ruwan sama na shekara-shekara yawanci yana sauka tsakanin 1,300 mm (51 in) da 1,800 mm (71 in).[6] == Iyakoki == Konshisha tana da iyaka a Arewa da Karamar Hukumar Gboko, Karamar Hukumar Gwer a yamma Karamar Hukumar Ushongo da Kananan Hukumomin Vandeikya a Gabas, Karamar Hukumar Oju a Kudu maso Yamma da kuma, Cross River a Kudu.[4] == Tattalin Arzikin Konshisha == Yawancin mutane a karamar hukumar Konshisha suna aiki a fannin noma, kuma doya, rogo, shinkafa, masarar Guinea, da waken soya suna cikin amfanin gona da ake nomawa a wurin. Cinikin yana bunƙasa a yankin, kuma karamar hukumar tana da kasuwanni da dama inda ake siyan kayayyaki iri-iri. Mazauna karamar hukumar Konshisha suma suna yin aikin haƙa dutse, sarrafa abinci, da farauta a matsayin manyan ayyukan tattalin arziki.[2] A wani yanayi makamancin haka, jama'a suna kiwon dabbobi. Awaki, aladu, tsuntsaye, shanun Fulani, da sauran dabbobin gida iri-iri suna daga cikin dabbobin da ake kiwonsu a yankin.[4]{{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] ehpnovm72yf025c91yy4glddkm7wuhj 878819 878817 2026-07-08T08:16:55Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 Saka hujja 878819 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Konshisha karamar hukuma ce a Jihar Benue, Najeriya. Hedikwatarta tana cikin garin Tse-Agberagba. Yana da fadin murabba'in kilomita 1,673 kuma yana da yawan jama'a 225,672 a ƙidayar jama'a ta 2006.<ref>Nigeria, Media (22 February 2022). "History Of Konshisha LGA, Benue State". Media Nigeria. Retrieved 15 September 2022.</ref> Yankin yana da yawan jama'a daga ƙabilar Tiv. Ana amfani da yaren Tiv sosai, yayin da Kiristanci shine addinin da aka fi amfani da shi a yankin.<ref>Konshisha Local Government Area". www.manpower.com.ng. Retrieved 15 September 2022</ref> Lambar akwatin gidan waya ta yankin ita ce 971.<ref>"Post Offices- with map of LGA". NIPOST. Archived from the original on 26 November 2012. Retrieved 20 October 2009.</ref> == Tarihi == An sanya wa ƙaramar hukumar Konshisha suna ne bayan Kogin Konshisha, wanda ya samo asali daga ƙaramar hukumar Gboko. An sanya wa hedikwatarta suna ne bayan marigayi Pa Agberagba Yonkyo, wanda ya kafa wata babbar kasuwa a yankin.<ref>"Konshisha Local Government Area – I am Benue". Retrieved 15 September 2022.</ref> An kafa ƙaramar hukumar Konshisha a ranar 28 ga Fabrairu, 1983, daga tsohuwar ƙaramar hukumar Vandeikya a jihar Benue.[4] Duk da haka, gwamnatin soja da ta hau mulki a lokacin a shekarar 1984 ta soke ƙaramar hukumar. A ranar 4 ga Fabrairu, 1989, Gwamnatin Janar Ibrahim Bagandiga ta yanke shawarar sake kafa ta.[4] Mutane masu daraja Barnabas Gemade Joseph Akagerger Bernard Hom SAN Justice Shagbaor Ikyegh Rt. Hon. Herman Iorwase Hembe == Geography == Ƙaramar Hukumar Konshisha tana kan ƙasa mai faɗi a Arewa maso Gabashin Jihar Benue wacce take tsakanin tsayin mita 8o 400 Gabas da Latitude 6o551 da 7o 231 Arewa. Da jimillar faɗin murabba'in kilomita 1,673 ko murabba'in mil 646 da matsakaicin zafin digiri 28 na Celsius ko digiri 82.4 na Fahrenheit, ƙaramar hukumar Konshisha tana da girma sosai. Ana samun ruwa da yawa, kamar Kogin Konshisha da Tafkin Beraba, a yankin. Akwai kuma wasu tsaunuka da dama, ciki har da tsaunukan Selagi da Agila, a cikin yanayin ƙasa na ƙaramar hukumar Konshisha.[2] == Yanayi == Yanayi mai dumi, tare da yanayin zafi tsakanin 17 °C (63 °F) zuwa 32 °C (90 °F), da kuma yanayi mai tsanani na lokaci-lokaci, sune alamun yanayi, wanda ake bambanta shi da lokacin damina da bushewa.<ref>"Tse-Agberagba Climate, Weather By Month, Average Temperature (Nigeria) - Weather Spark". weatherspark.com. Retrieved 9 September 2023</ref> Konshisha tana da yanayi mai zafi na savanna tare da yanayi mai danshi daban-daban daga Afrilu zuwa Oktoba da kuma lokacin rani daga Nuwamba zuwa Maris. Ruwan sama na shekara-shekara yawanci yana sauka tsakanin 1,300 mm (51 in) da 1,800 mm (71 in).[6] == Iyakoki == Konshisha tana da iyaka a Arewa da Karamar Hukumar Gboko, Karamar Hukumar Gwer a yamma Karamar Hukumar Ushongo da Kananan Hukumomin Vandeikya a Gabas, Karamar Hukumar Oju a Kudu maso Yamma da kuma, Cross River a Kudu.[4] == Tattalin Arzikin Konshisha == Yawancin mutane a karamar hukumar Konshisha suna aiki a fannin noma, kuma doya, rogo, shinkafa, masarar Guinea, da waken soya suna cikin amfanin gona da ake nomawa a wurin. Cinikin yana bunƙasa a yankin, kuma karamar hukumar tana da kasuwanni da dama inda ake siyan kayayyaki iri-iri. Mazauna karamar hukumar Konshisha suma suna yin aikin haƙa dutse, sarrafa abinci, da farauta a matsayin manyan ayyukan tattalin arziki.[2] A wani yanayi makamancin haka, jama'a suna kiwon dabbobi. Awaki, aladu, tsuntsaye, shanun Fulani, da sauran dabbobin gida iri-iri suna daga cikin dabbobin da ake kiwonsu a yankin.[4]{{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] fyecqsflq9md1qol1ik5eq8vpvh8fu5 878820 878819 2026-07-08T08:17:40Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 Saka hujja 878820 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Konshisha karamar hukuma ce a Jihar Benue, Najeriya. Hedikwatarta tana cikin garin Tse-Agberagba. Yana da fadin murabba'in kilomita 1,673 kuma yana da yawan jama'a 225,672 a ƙidayar jama'a ta 2006.<ref>Nigeria, Media (22 February 2022). "History Of Konshisha LGA, Benue State". Media Nigeria. Retrieved 15 September 2022.</ref> Yankin yana da yawan jama'a daga ƙabilar Tiv. Ana amfani da yaren Tiv sosai, yayin da Kiristanci shine addinin da aka fi amfani da shi a yankin.<ref>Konshisha Local Government Area". www.manpower.com.ng. Retrieved 15 September 2022</ref> Lambar akwatin gidan waya ta yankin ita ce 971.<ref>"Post Offices- with map of LGA". NIPOST. Archived from the original on 26 November 2012. Retrieved 20 October 2009.</ref> == Tarihi == An sanya wa ƙaramar hukumar Konshisha suna ne bayan Kogin Konshisha, wanda ya samo asali daga ƙaramar hukumar Gboko. An sanya wa hedikwatarta suna ne bayan marigayi Pa Agberagba Yonkyo, wanda ya kafa wata babbar kasuwa a yankin.<ref name=":0">"Konshisha Local Government Area – I am Benue". Retrieved 15 September 2022.</ref> An kafa ƙaramar hukumar Konshisha a ranar 28 ga Fabrairu, 1983, daga tsohuwar ƙaramar hukumar Vandeikya a jihar Benue.<ref name=":0" /> Duk da haka, gwamnatin soja da ta hau mulki a lokacin a shekarar 1984 ta soke ƙaramar hukumar. A ranar 4 ga Fabrairu, 1989, Gwamnatin Janar Ibrahim Bagandiga ta yanke shawarar sake kafa ta.[4] Mutane masu daraja Barnabas Gemade Joseph Akagerger Bernard Hom SAN Justice Shagbaor Ikyegh Rt. Hon. Herman Iorwase Hembe == Geography == Ƙaramar Hukumar Konshisha tana kan ƙasa mai faɗi a Arewa maso Gabashin Jihar Benue wacce take tsakanin tsayin mita 8o 400 Gabas da Latitude 6o551 da 7o 231 Arewa. Da jimillar faɗin murabba'in kilomita 1,673 ko murabba'in mil 646 da matsakaicin zafin digiri 28 na Celsius ko digiri 82.4 na Fahrenheit, ƙaramar hukumar Konshisha tana da girma sosai. Ana samun ruwa da yawa, kamar Kogin Konshisha da Tafkin Beraba, a yankin. Akwai kuma wasu tsaunuka da dama, ciki har da tsaunukan Selagi da Agila, a cikin yanayin ƙasa na ƙaramar hukumar Konshisha.[2] == Yanayi == Yanayi mai dumi, tare da yanayin zafi tsakanin 17 °C (63 °F) zuwa 32 °C (90 °F), da kuma yanayi mai tsanani na lokaci-lokaci, sune alamun yanayi, wanda ake bambanta shi da lokacin damina da bushewa.<ref>"Tse-Agberagba Climate, Weather By Month, Average Temperature (Nigeria) - Weather Spark". weatherspark.com. Retrieved 9 September 2023</ref> Konshisha tana da yanayi mai zafi na savanna tare da yanayi mai danshi daban-daban daga Afrilu zuwa Oktoba da kuma lokacin rani daga Nuwamba zuwa Maris. Ruwan sama na shekara-shekara yawanci yana sauka tsakanin 1,300 mm (51 in) da 1,800 mm (71 in).[6] == Iyakoki == Konshisha tana da iyaka a Arewa da Karamar Hukumar Gboko, Karamar Hukumar Gwer a yamma Karamar Hukumar Ushongo da Kananan Hukumomin Vandeikya a Gabas, Karamar Hukumar Oju a Kudu maso Yamma da kuma, Cross River a Kudu.[4] == Tattalin Arzikin Konshisha == Yawancin mutane a karamar hukumar Konshisha suna aiki a fannin noma, kuma doya, rogo, shinkafa, masarar Guinea, da waken soya suna cikin amfanin gona da ake nomawa a wurin. Cinikin yana bunƙasa a yankin, kuma karamar hukumar tana da kasuwanni da dama inda ake siyan kayayyaki iri-iri. Mazauna karamar hukumar Konshisha suma suna yin aikin haƙa dutse, sarrafa abinci, da farauta a matsayin manyan ayyukan tattalin arziki.[2] A wani yanayi makamancin haka, jama'a suna kiwon dabbobi. Awaki, aladu, tsuntsaye, shanun Fulani, da sauran dabbobin gida iri-iri suna daga cikin dabbobin da ake kiwonsu a yankin.[4]{{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] rwbm15u4y6kma2kpbf1lvddbl957d4v 878822 878820 2026-07-08T08:18:16Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 Saka hujja 878822 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Konshisha karamar hukuma ce a Jihar Benue, Najeriya. Hedikwatarta tana cikin garin Tse-Agberagba. Yana da fadin murabba'in kilomita 1,673 kuma yana da yawan jama'a 225,672 a ƙidayar jama'a ta 2006.<ref>Nigeria, Media (22 February 2022). "History Of Konshisha LGA, Benue State". Media Nigeria. Retrieved 15 September 2022.</ref> Yankin yana da yawan jama'a daga ƙabilar Tiv. Ana amfani da yaren Tiv sosai, yayin da Kiristanci shine addinin da aka fi amfani da shi a yankin.<ref>Konshisha Local Government Area". www.manpower.com.ng. Retrieved 15 September 2022</ref> Lambar akwatin gidan waya ta yankin ita ce 971.<ref>"Post Offices- with map of LGA". NIPOST. Archived from the original on 26 November 2012. Retrieved 20 October 2009.</ref> == Tarihi == An sanya wa ƙaramar hukumar Konshisha suna ne bayan Kogin Konshisha, wanda ya samo asali daga ƙaramar hukumar Gboko. An sanya wa hedikwatarta suna ne bayan marigayi Pa Agberagba Yonkyo, wanda ya kafa wata babbar kasuwa a yankin.<ref name=":0">"Konshisha Local Government Area – I am Benue". Retrieved 15 September 2022.</ref> An kafa ƙaramar hukumar Konshisha a ranar 28 ga Fabrairu, 1983, daga tsohuwar ƙaramar hukumar Vandeikya a jihar Benue.<ref name=":0" /> Duk da haka, gwamnatin soja da ta hau mulki a lokacin a shekarar 1984 ta soke ƙaramar hukumar. A ranar 4 ga Fabrairu, 1989, Gwamnatin Janar Ibrahim Bagandiga ta yanke shawarar sake kafa ta.<ref name=":0" /> Mutane masu daraja Barnabas Gemade Joseph Akagerger Bernard Hom SAN Justice Shagbaor Ikyegh Rt. Hon. Herman Iorwase Hembe == Geography == Ƙaramar Hukumar Konshisha tana kan ƙasa mai faɗi a Arewa maso Gabashin Jihar Benue wacce take tsakanin tsayin mita 8o 400 Gabas da Latitude 6o551 da 7o 231 Arewa. Da jimillar faɗin murabba'in kilomita 1,673 ko murabba'in mil 646 da matsakaicin zafin digiri 28 na Celsius ko digiri 82.4 na Fahrenheit, ƙaramar hukumar Konshisha tana da girma sosai. Ana samun ruwa da yawa, kamar Kogin Konshisha da Tafkin Beraba, a yankin. Akwai kuma wasu tsaunuka da dama, ciki har da tsaunukan Selagi da Agila, a cikin yanayin ƙasa na ƙaramar hukumar Konshisha.[2] == Yanayi == Yanayi mai dumi, tare da yanayin zafi tsakanin 17 °C (63 °F) zuwa 32 °C (90 °F), da kuma yanayi mai tsanani na lokaci-lokaci, sune alamun yanayi, wanda ake bambanta shi da lokacin damina da bushewa.<ref>"Tse-Agberagba Climate, Weather By Month, Average Temperature (Nigeria) - Weather Spark". weatherspark.com. Retrieved 9 September 2023</ref> Konshisha tana da yanayi mai zafi na savanna tare da yanayi mai danshi daban-daban daga Afrilu zuwa Oktoba da kuma lokacin rani daga Nuwamba zuwa Maris. Ruwan sama na shekara-shekara yawanci yana sauka tsakanin 1,300 mm (51 in) da 1,800 mm (71 in).[6] == Iyakoki == Konshisha tana da iyaka a Arewa da Karamar Hukumar Gboko, Karamar Hukumar Gwer a yamma Karamar Hukumar Ushongo da Kananan Hukumomin Vandeikya a Gabas, Karamar Hukumar Oju a Kudu maso Yamma da kuma, Cross River a Kudu.[4] == Tattalin Arzikin Konshisha == Yawancin mutane a karamar hukumar Konshisha suna aiki a fannin noma, kuma doya, rogo, shinkafa, masarar Guinea, da waken soya suna cikin amfanin gona da ake nomawa a wurin. Cinikin yana bunƙasa a yankin, kuma karamar hukumar tana da kasuwanni da dama inda ake siyan kayayyaki iri-iri. Mazauna karamar hukumar Konshisha suma suna yin aikin haƙa dutse, sarrafa abinci, da farauta a matsayin manyan ayyukan tattalin arziki.[2] A wani yanayi makamancin haka, jama'a suna kiwon dabbobi. Awaki, aladu, tsuntsaye, shanun Fulani, da sauran dabbobin gida iri-iri suna daga cikin dabbobin da ake kiwonsu a yankin.[4]{{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] ik0s28hnzzf8l63xyt8z23pzmm61fdj 878823 878822 2026-07-08T08:19:10Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 Saka hujja 878823 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Konshisha karamar hukuma ce a Jihar Benue, Najeriya. Hedikwatarta tana cikin garin Tse-Agberagba. Yana da fadin murabba'in kilomita 1,673 kuma yana da yawan jama'a 225,672 a ƙidayar jama'a ta 2006.<ref>Nigeria, Media (22 February 2022). "History Of Konshisha LGA, Benue State". Media Nigeria. Retrieved 15 September 2022.</ref> Yankin yana da yawan jama'a daga ƙabilar Tiv. Ana amfani da yaren Tiv sosai, yayin da Kiristanci shine addinin da aka fi amfani da shi a yankin.<ref name=":1">Konshisha Local Government Area". www.manpower.com.ng. Retrieved 15 September 2022</ref> Lambar akwatin gidan waya ta yankin ita ce 971.<ref>"Post Offices- with map of LGA". NIPOST. Archived from the original on 26 November 2012. Retrieved 20 October 2009.</ref> == Tarihi == An sanya wa ƙaramar hukumar Konshisha suna ne bayan Kogin Konshisha, wanda ya samo asali daga ƙaramar hukumar Gboko. An sanya wa hedikwatarta suna ne bayan marigayi Pa Agberagba Yonkyo, wanda ya kafa wata babbar kasuwa a yankin.<ref name=":0">"Konshisha Local Government Area – I am Benue". Retrieved 15 September 2022.</ref> An kafa ƙaramar hukumar Konshisha a ranar 28 ga Fabrairu, 1983, daga tsohuwar ƙaramar hukumar Vandeikya a jihar Benue.<ref name=":0" /> Duk da haka, gwamnatin soja da ta hau mulki a lokacin a shekarar 1984 ta soke ƙaramar hukumar. A ranar 4 ga Fabrairu, 1989, Gwamnatin Janar Ibrahim Bagandiga ta yanke shawarar sake kafa ta.<ref name=":0" /> Mutane masu daraja Barnabas Gemade Joseph Akagerger Bernard Hom SAN Justice Shagbaor Ikyegh Rt. Hon. Herman Iorwase Hembe == Geography == Ƙaramar Hukumar Konshisha tana kan ƙasa mai faɗi a Arewa maso Gabashin Jihar Benue wacce take tsakanin tsayin mita 8o 400 Gabas da Latitude 6o551 da 7o 231 Arewa. Da jimillar faɗin murabba'in kilomita 1,673 ko murabba'in mil 646 da matsakaicin zafin digiri 28 na Celsius ko digiri 82.4 na Fahrenheit, ƙaramar hukumar Konshisha tana da girma sosai. Ana samun ruwa da yawa, kamar Kogin Konshisha da Tafkin Beraba, a yankin. Akwai kuma wasu tsaunuka da dama, ciki har da tsaunukan Selagi da Agila, a cikin yanayin ƙasa na ƙaramar hukumar Konshisha.<ref name=":1" /> == Yanayi == Yanayi mai dumi, tare da yanayin zafi tsakanin 17 °C (63 °F) zuwa 32 °C (90 °F), da kuma yanayi mai tsanani na lokaci-lokaci, sune alamun yanayi, wanda ake bambanta shi da lokacin damina da bushewa.<ref>"Tse-Agberagba Climate, Weather By Month, Average Temperature (Nigeria) - Weather Spark". weatherspark.com. Retrieved 9 September 2023</ref> Konshisha tana da yanayi mai zafi na savanna tare da yanayi mai danshi daban-daban daga Afrilu zuwa Oktoba da kuma lokacin rani daga Nuwamba zuwa Maris. Ruwan sama na shekara-shekara yawanci yana sauka tsakanin 1,300 mm (51 in) da 1,800 mm (71 in).[6] == Iyakoki == Konshisha tana da iyaka a Arewa da Karamar Hukumar Gboko, Karamar Hukumar Gwer a yamma Karamar Hukumar Ushongo da Kananan Hukumomin Vandeikya a Gabas, Karamar Hukumar Oju a Kudu maso Yamma da kuma, Cross River a Kudu.[4] == Tattalin Arzikin Konshisha == Yawancin mutane a karamar hukumar Konshisha suna aiki a fannin noma, kuma doya, rogo, shinkafa, masarar Guinea, da waken soya suna cikin amfanin gona da ake nomawa a wurin. Cinikin yana bunƙasa a yankin, kuma karamar hukumar tana da kasuwanni da dama inda ake siyan kayayyaki iri-iri. Mazauna karamar hukumar Konshisha suma suna yin aikin haƙa dutse, sarrafa abinci, da farauta a matsayin manyan ayyukan tattalin arziki.[2] A wani yanayi makamancin haka, jama'a suna kiwon dabbobi. Awaki, aladu, tsuntsaye, shanun Fulani, da sauran dabbobin gida iri-iri suna daga cikin dabbobin da ake kiwonsu a yankin.[4]{{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] 0v9osnjjgjfnckx6rgluevgo0ttlg8m 0 9588 878525 841630 2026-07-07T14:28:12Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878525 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football biography | name = Kylian Mbappé | full_name = Kylian Mbappé Lottin | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1998|12|20}} | birth_place = Paris, France | position = Forward | currentclub = Real Madrid | clubnumber = 9 | youthyears1 = 2004–2013 | youthclubs1 = AS Bondy | youthyears2 = 2013–2015 | youthclubs2 = Monaco | years1 = 2015–2018 | clubs1 = Monaco | caps1 = 41 | goals1 = 16 | years2 = 2017–2024 | clubs2 = Paris Saint-Germain | caps2 = 178 | goals2 = 162 | years3 = 2024– | clubs3 = Real Madrid | caps3 = | goals3 = | nationalyears1 = 2017– | nationalteam1 = France | nationalcaps1 = | nationalgoals1 = }} [[File:Kylian Mbappe celebrating - March 2018 (cropped).jpg|thumb|mbappe a shekarar 2018 ]] '''Kylian Mbappé Lottin''' (an haife shi 20 Disamba 1998) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Faransa wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan gaba (forward) ga ƙungiyar [[Real Madrid CF]] da kuma tawagar ƙasar Faransa.<ref>{{cite web|title=Kylian Mbappé Profile|url=https://www.realmadrid.com/en/football/squad/kylian-mbappe|publisher=Real Madrid}}</ref> Ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun 'yan wasa a duniya saboda saurin gudunsa, ƙwarewarsa da kuma iya zura ƙwallaye.<ref>{{cite web|title=Mbappé among world's best players|url=https://www.fifa.com}}</ref> == Rayuwar Farko == An haifi Mbappé a birnin [[Faris|Paris]], [[Faransa]], kuma ya taso a Bondy.<ref>{{cite web|title=Mbappé early life|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Kylian-Mbappe}}</ref> Mahaifinsa Wilfried Mbappé mai horas da 'yan wasa ne, yayin da mahaifiyarsa Fayza Lamari tsohuwar 'yar wasan ƙwallon hannu ce.<ref>{{cite web|title=Mbappé Biography|url=https://www.biography.com/athlete/kylian-mbappe}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Ya fara taka leda tun yana ƙarami a ƙungiyar AS Bondy kafin ya koma makarantar horaswa ta Monaco.<ref>{{cite web|title=AS Monaco profile|url=https://www.asmonaco.com}}</ref> == Aikin Ƙungiya == === Monaco === Mbappé ya fara taka leda a babbar ƙungiyar [[AS Monaco FC]] a shekarar 2015 yana da shekara 16 kacal.<ref>{{cite web|title=Mbappé makes Monaco debut|url=https://www.ligue1.com}}</ref> A kakar 2016–17 ya taimaka wa Monaco ta lashe gasar [[Ligue 1]] kuma ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a gasar [[UEFA Champions League]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Monaco win Ligue 1 2017|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football}}</ref> === Paris Saint-Germain === A shekarar 2017 ya koma [[Paris Saint-Germain F.C.]] a yarjejeniyar aro kafin daga bisani a saye shi kan kuɗi mai yawa wanda ya sa ya zama ɗaya daga cikin mafi tsadar 'yan wasa a duniya.<ref>{{cite web|title=PSG sign Mbappé|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/41054956}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A PSG ya lashe kofunan Ligue 1 da dama tare da zama mafi yawan zura ƙwallaye a tarihin ƙungiyar.<ref>{{cite web|title=Mbappé becomes PSG top scorer|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football}}</ref> === Real Madrid === A watan Yuni 2024, Mbappé ya koma [[Real Madrid CF]] bayan kammala kwantiraginsa da PSG.<ref>{{cite web|title=Real Madrid sign Mbappé|url=https://www.realmadrid.com/en/news}}</ref> Wannan canjin ya kawo ƙarshen shekaru bakwai da ya shafe yana taka leda a PSG.<ref>{{cite web|title=Mbappé joins Real Madrid|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football}}</ref> == Aikin Ƙasa == Mbappé ya fara bugawa tawagar Faransa wasa a shekarar 2017.<ref>{{cite web|title=France national team profile|url=https://www.fff.fr/|access-date=2026-04-01|archive-date=2011-03-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110316050621/http://www.fff.fr/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen taimaka wa Faransa ta lashe gasar [[2018 FIFA World Cup]] inda ya zura ƙwallaye huɗu ciki har da ɗaya a wasan ƙarshe da aka buga da Croatia.<ref>{{cite web|title=France win World Cup 2018|url=https://www.fifa.com/tournaments/mens/worldcup/2018russia}}</ref> Haka kuma ya lashe kyautar matashin ɗan wasa mafi fice a gasar.<ref>{{cite web|title=Best Young Player Award 2018|url=https://www.fifa.com}}</ref> A gasar [[2022 FIFA World Cup]] ya zama wanda ya fi kowa zura ƙwallaye (Golden Boot) bayan ya ci ƙwallaye takwas ciki har da hat-trick a wasan ƙarshe.<ref>{{cite web|title=Mbappé wins Golden Boot 2022|url=https://www.fifa.com/tournaments/mens/worldcup/qatar2022}}</ref> == Salon Wasansa == Mbappé sananne ne da saurin gudu, ƙwarewa wajen wuce abokan hamayya, da kuma iya kammala hare-hare cikin nasara.<ref>{{cite web|title=Mbappé style of play analysis|url=https://www.uefa.com}}</ref> Yana taka leda a matsayin ɗan gaba ko kuma winger.<ref>{{cite web|title=Player position details|url=https://www.ligue1.com}}</ref> == Lambobin Yabo == * [[Ligue 1 Player of the Year]] * [[FIFA World Cup Best Young Player Award]] * [[FIFA World Cup Golden Boot]] * [[UNFP Player of the Year]] == Manazarta == [[File:Kylian Mbappe 2017.jpg|thumb|mbappe a cikin wasa]] [[File:Kylian Mbappe - March 2018.jpg|thumb|mbappe da kayan faransa ]] [[File:Kylian Mbappé.jpg|thumb|mbappe in action ]] n514ja1p3y7vd1j6njnyzwieggcq22p 0 10167 878627 876262 2026-07-07T18:54:52Z Abdulmuddalib Iabrahim Salisu 14681 878627 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Manchester United FC - Manchester City FC, 25 October 2015 - 27.JPG|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 16.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 12.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 13.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 24.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 04.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 22.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester City FC trophies displayed at the Renzo Barbera Stadium 03.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester City FC trophies displayed at the Renzo Barbera Stadium 02.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:City of Manchester external view.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester United FC - Manchester City FC, 25 October 2015 - 04.JPG|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 10.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:City of Manchester Stadium Wikivoyage banner.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 27.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Arsenal vs Manchester City (2013).jpg|thumb]] '''Manchester City Football Club''' akan takaita sunan zuwa '''Man City''', ta kasance kulob ɗin ƙwararrun ƴan ƙwallon ƙafa ne dake zaune a garin [[Manchester]], England, UK, suna fafatawa a gasar [[Premier League]], babban gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar England. Manchester City ta fara amfani da kayan sawanta na gida mai launin girgije tun acikin shekarar 1894, kuma shi ne kakar ƙungiyar na farko da ta fara amfani da sunan ta na yanzu. Kulob ɗin ta lashe kofin league guda goma (wanda huɗu daga ciki a jere ta lashe su acikin shekara ta 2020-zuwa cikin shekara ta 2024 wanda hakan yasa ta zama ƙungiya ta farko da ta yi irin haka a tarihi) da lashe Kofin FA bakwai, da EFL takwas, FA Community Shield shida, Gasar UEFA Champions league ɗaya, da kuma European Cup Winners'Cup guda ɗaya. ==Tarihi== An kafa ƙungiyar acikin shekara ta alif ɗari takwas da tamanin 1880, ta shiga cikin gasar English Football League acikin shekara ta 1899,ta lashe babbar gasar na farko da Kofin FA|Kofin [[FIFA|fiFA]] a 1904 FA Cup Final shekara ta 1904. Sun samu nasarori a karshen shekara ta 1960s, inda suka lashe kofin League, fiFA Cup da League Cup a karkashin horarwar Joe Mercer da Malcolm Allison. Bayan rashin nasarar ta shekarar 1981 FA Cup Final, kulob din ta fada cikin rashin tagomashi,da samun Promotion and relegation|relegation har zuwa rukuni na uku a English football league system|English football. [[File:City of Manchester Stadium 2.jpg|thumb|Babban filin wasa na Manchester City ]] [[File:Josep Guardiola 2023-10-04 Fußball, Männer, UEFA Champions League, RB Leipzig - Manchester City FC 1DX 2797 (cropped).jpg|thumb|kocin Manchester City. Pep Guardiola.]] [[File:David Silva shaved Man City 2017 (36471171422) (cropped).jpg|thumb|Captain din Manchester city. David Silva]] Bayan dawowar su cikin gasar Premier League a shekara ta 2000s, An saida kulob din Manchester City acikin shekara ta 2008, wanda Abu Dhabi United Group suka saya a £210&nbsp;million, da samun sa jari da dama. Kulob ta samu nasarar lashe gasa da dama a tsakanin shekarun 2010s, kuma suka zama Kulob ta farko da ta samu kaiwa maki Premier League records and statistics#Points|100 points a kakar gasar [[premier league]]. Kudin shigar kulub din Manchester City shine na biyar a Deloitte Football Money League|fifth highest a duniya a tsakanin shekara ta 2017–har zuwa zuwa cikin shekara ta 2018 na kakar gasa, wanda yakai €527.7&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.deloitte.com/uk/en/pages/sports-business-group/articles/deloitte-football-money-league.html|title=Deloitte Football Money League 2018|date=23 January 2018|accessdate=23 January 2018|publisher=Deloitte}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://uk.businessinsider.com/the-20-most-popular-rich-list-football-teams-on-social-media-2018-8/#10-manchester-city-493-million-followers-11 |title=UK Business Insider |access-date=2019-01-26 |archive-date=2018-11-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181118041429/http://uk.businessinsider.com/the-20-most-popular-rich-list-football-teams-on-social-media-2018-8#10-manchester-city-493-million-followers-11 |url-status=dead }}</ref> acikin shekara ta 2018, kulub din ita ce na Biyar a Forbes' list of the most valuable football clubs|fifth most valuable a duniya da kudin da suka kai $2.47&nbsp;billion.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/mikeozanian/2018/06/12/the-worlds-most-valuable-soccer-teams-2018/#3dddb7c845c8|title=The World's Most Valuable Soccer Teams 2018|last=Ozanian|first=Mike|work=Forbes}}</ref>. [[File:2011 FA Cup Final Victory Parade (4).jpg|thumb|kungiyar Manchester City kenan a lokacin murnar lashe kofin FA acikin shekara ta 2011]] Kulub din nada babban hamayya sosai tsakanin ta da takwarar ta [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] a wasa tsakanin su da ake kira da Manchester Derby. ===Shekarun farko da nasarorin farko=== City ta sami karramawar farko ta hanyar cin nasara a rukuni na biyu acikin shekara ta 1899; tare da samun ci gaba zuwa matsayi mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingilishi, Rukunin Farko. Sun ci gaba da neman babbar karramawarsu ta farko a 23 ga Afrilun shekara ta 1904, inda suka doke Bolton Wanderers 1–0 a Crystal Palace don lashe kofin FA; 'Yan wasan Blues sun yi rashin nasara a gasar League da Cup sau biyu a waccan kakar bayan sun kammala gasar zakarun Turai, amma duk da haka sun zama kulob na farko a Manchester da suka samu babbar daraja.Acikin shekarun da suka biyo bayan nasarar cin kofin FA, kulob din ya fuskanci zarge zarge na rashin bin ka'ida, wanda ya kai ga dakatar da 'yan wasa goma sha bakwai acikin shekara ta 1906, ciki har da kyaftin Billy Meredith, wanda daga baya ya wuce garin zuwa Manchester United. Wuta a hanyar Hyde ta lalata babbar tashar a 1920, kuma a cikin shekara ta 1923 ƙungiyar ta koma sabon filin wasansu da aka gina a Maine Road a cikin Moss Side. A cikin shekarun 1930, Manchester City ta kai wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin FA sau biyu a jere, inda ta yi rashin nasara a hannun Everton acikin shekara ta 1933, kafin ta ci kofin da ta doke Portsmouth a 1934. A lokacin gudu na 1934, kulob din ya karya tarihin zuwa gida mafi girma na kowane kulob a kwallon kafa ta Ingila. tarihi, yayin da magoya bayan 84,569 suka cika titin Maine a gasar cin kofin FA zagaye na shida da Stoke City - tarihin da ya tsaya har zuwa 2016. Kungiyar ta lashe gasar rukunin farko a karon farko a cikin 1937, amma an sake fitar da ita a kakar wasa ta gaba, duk da zura kwallaye a raga. fiye da kowace kungiya a rukunin. Shekaru 20 bayan haka, wata ƙungiyar Birni ta yi wahayi zuwa ga tsarin dabara da aka sani da Revie Plan ta sake kai wasan karshe a gasar cin kofin FA a jere, a 1955 da 1956; kamar yadda a cikin 1930s, suka yi rashin nasara na farko, a Newcastle United, kuma suka ci na biyu. Wasan karshe na 1956, wanda Blues ta doke [[Birmingham]] City 3–1, ya ga golan City Bert Trautmann ya ci gaba da taka leda bayan karya wuyansa da rashin sani. ===Zamanin tauraro na farko da kalubalen da suka biyo baya=== Bayan an koma mataki na biyu a cikin 1963, nan gaba ta yi kamar ba ta da kyau tare da ƙarancin halartan gida na 8,015 da Swindon Town a cikin Janairu 1965. A lokacin bazara na 1965, an nada ƙungiyar gudanarwa ta Joe Mercer da Malcolm Allison . A kakar wasa ta farko a karkashin Mercer, Manchester City ta lashe kambun Division na Biyu kuma ta sanya hannu mai mahimmanci a Mike Summerbee da Colin Bell. Bayan shekaru biyu, a cikin 1967–68, City ta yi nasarar lashe kofin gasar a karo na biyu, inda ta doke makwabciyarta Manchester United a gasar a ranar karshe ta kakar wasan da ci 4-3 a Newcastle United. Karin kofuna sun biyo baya: City ta lashe kofin FA a 1969 kuma bayan shekara guda ta yi nasara a gasar cin kofin Turai, inda ta doke Górnik Zabrze 2–1 a 1970 na wasan karshe. Wannan ita ce karramawar da kulob din ya samu a Turai har zuwa nasarar da suka samu a gasar zakarun Turai ta 2022-23. Har ila yau, Blues ta lashe gasar cin kofin League a waccan shekarar, inda ta zama tawagar Ingila ta biyu da ta lashe kofin Turai da kofin gida a kakar wasa guda. Kulob din ya ci gaba da kalubalantar daukaka a cikin shekarun 1970s, inda ya kammala maki daya a bayan zakarun gasar a lokuta biyu kuma ya kai wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin League na 1974. Daya daga cikin wasannin na wannan lokacin da magoya bayan Manchester City ke tunawa da su shi ne wasan karshe na kakar 1973-74 da abokan hamayyarta na Manchester United, wadanda ke bukatar yin nasara don samun wani begen gujewa faduwa. Tsohon dan wasan United Denis Law ya zura kwallo da diddige don bai wa City nasara da ci 1-0 a Old Trafford da kuma tabbatar da faduwa daga abokan hamayyarsu. Kofin karshe na lokacin da ya fi samun nasara a kungiyar a karni na 20 an ci shi ne a shekarar 1976, lokacin da aka doke Newcastle United da ci 2-1 a wasan karshe na cin kofin League. Wani dogon lokaci na biyo bayan nasarar shekarun 1960 da 1970. Malcolm Allison ya koma kulob din ya zama koci karo na biyu a shekarar 1979, amma ya yi almubazzaranci da makudan kudade kan sa hannu da dama da ba su yi nasara ba, irin su Steve Daley. Bayan haka, wasu manajoji sun biyo baya - bakwai a cikin 1980s kadai. Karkashin John Bond, City ta kai wasan karshe na cin kofin FA na 1981 amma ta sha kashi a karawar da Tottenham Hotspur ta yi. Sau biyu kulob din ya yi fice daga matakin farko a cikin shekarun 1980 (a cikin 1983 da 1987), amma kuma ya koma mataki na farko a 1989 kuma ya kare a matsayi na biyar a 1991 da 1992 a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Peter Reid. Koyaya, wannan ɗan hutu ne kawai, kuma bayan tafiyar Reid dukiyar Manchester City ta ci gaba da dusashewa. City ta kasance masu kafa ƙungiyar Premier League bayan ƙirƙirar ta a 1992, amma bayan da ta kare a matsayi na tara a kakar wasan farko, sun yi fama da gwagwarmaya na shekaru uku kafin a sake su a 1996. mafi ƙasƙanci a tarihin su, zama na biyu da suka lashe kofin Turai da aka sake komawa gasar rukuni-rukuni na ƙasarsu bayan 1. FC Magdeburg ta [[Jamus]]. ===Farfadowa ta biyu=== Bayan da aka tashi daga gasar, kulob din ya fuskanci tashe-tashen hankula a waje, tare da sabon shugaban David Bernstein ya gabatar da ingantaccen tsarin kasafin kudi. Karkashin kociyan Joe Royle, City ta sami daukaka a yunkurin farko, wanda aka samu ta hanyar ban mamaki a wasan karshe na rukuni na biyu da Gillingham. Matsayin ci gaba na biyu a jere ya ga City ta koma mataki na gaba, amma wannan ya zama mataki mai nisa ga ƙungiyar da ke murmurewa, kuma a cikin 2001 An sake komawa City sau ɗaya. Kevin Keegan ya maye gurbin Royle a matsayin koci a ƙarshen kakar wasa ta ƙarshe, kuma ya samu koma baya nan da nan zuwa babban rukuni yayin da ƙungiyar ta lashe gasar rukunin farko ta 2001-2002, ta karya tarihin ƙungiyar na yawan maki da aka zura a raga a kakar wasa ɗaya a gasar. tsari. Kakar 2002–03 ita ce ta ƙarshe a Maine Road kuma ta haɗa da 3-1 derby nasara akan abokan hammayarsu Manchester United, wanda ya kawo karshen shekara 13 da aka yi ba tare da nasara ba. Bugu da ƙari, City ta cancanci shiga gasar Turai a karon farko cikin shekaru 25 ta hanyar UEFA fair play ranking. A karshen kakar wasa ta 2003–04, kulob din ya koma sabon City na filin wasa na Manchester. Shekaru hudu na farko a filin wasa duk sun haifar da kammala tsakiyar tebur. Tsohon manajan Ingila Sven-Göran Eriksson ya zama kociyan kungiyar na kasashen waje na farko lokacin da aka nada shi a shekarar 2007. Bayan fara wasa mai kyau, wasan kwaikwayo ya dusashe a rabin na biyu na kakar wasa, kuma an kori Eriksson a ranar 2 ga Yuni 2008; Mark Hughes ya maye gurbinsa bayan kwana biyu. A shekara ta 2008, Manchester City ta kasance cikin mawuyacin hali na rashin kuɗi. Thaksin Shinawatra ya karbi ragamar kulab din a shekarar da ta gabata, amma fafutukar siyasarsa ta ga kadarorinsa sun daskare. Sannan, a cikin Agusta 2008, Ƙungiyar Abu Dhabi United ta sayi Birni. Taken ya biyo bayan yunƙurin neman manyan ‘yan wasa; Kulob din ya karya tarihin sayan 'yan wasa na Biritaniya ta hanyar siyan Robinho dan kasar [[Brazil]] daga Real Madrid kan fan miliyan 32.5. Ba a samu wani gagarumin ci gaba ba idan aka kwatanta da kakar da ta gabata duk da kwararar kudi duk da haka, kungiyar ta kare a mataki na goma, duk da cewa ta yi rawar gani ta kai wasan daf da na kusa da karshe a gasar cin kofin UEFA. A lokacin bazara na 2009, ƙungiyar ta ɗauki kashe kuɗin canja wuri zuwa matakin da ba a taɓa gani ba, tare da kashe sama da fam miliyan 100 akan 'yan wasa Gareth Barry, Roque Santa Cruz, Kolo Touré, Emmanuel Adebayor, Carlos Tevez, da Joleon Lescott. A cikin Disamba 2009, Mark Hughes - wanda aka ɗauke shi aiki jim kaɗan kafin canjin ikon mallakar amma tun asali sabuwar hukumar ta riƙe shi - Roberto Mancini ya maye gurbinsa a matsayin manaja. City ta kammala kakar wasa a matsayi na biyar a gasar Premier, da kyar ta rasa gurbin shiga gasar zakarun Turai amma ta cancanci shiga gasar UEFA Europa League. ===Zaman tauraro na biyu da zuwan Pep Guardiola=== Ci gaba da saka hannun jari a cikin 'yan wasa ya biyo baya a lokuta masu zuwa, kuma sakamakon ya fara daidai da haɓakar ingancin ɗan wasa. City ta kai wasan karshe na cin kofin FA a shekarar 2011, babban wasan karshe na farko cikin sama da shekaru 30, bayan da ta doke abokiyar hamayyarta Manchester United a wasan kusa da na karshe, karo na farko da ta fitar da abokiyar karawarta daga gasar cin kofin tun 1975. Blues ta doke Stoke. City 1–0 a wasan karshe, inda ta samu nasarar cin kofin FA karo na biyar da kuma babban kofi na farko da kungiyar ta lashe tun bayan lashe kofin League na 1976. A ranar karshe ta kakar 2010-2011, City ta doke [[Arsenal F.C.]] a matsayi na uku, ta yadda ta samu cancantar shiga gasar zakarun Turai kai tsaye a group stage. An ci gaba da yin wasanni masu ƙarfi da kuma cimma nasarori a kakar wasa ta 2011–12, gami da nasarar da suka yi da Tottenham da ci 5–1 a White Hart Lane da kuma nasarar da ta yi daidai da 6–1 a kan Manchester United a Old Trafford, amma rashin kyawun tsari a rabin na biyu kakar wasan dai ya bar City a matsayi na biyu da maki takwas tsakaninta da United saura wasanni shida kacal a buga. A wannan lokacin, United ta yi rashin nasara a kan ta, inda ta yi kasa da maki takwas a cikin wasanni hudu, yayin da City ta fara samun nasara a jere, wanda ya sa kungiyoyin biyu suka tashi da maki daya saura wasanni biyu. Duk da Buluwa kawai suna bukatar nasara a gida da Queens Park Rangers, kungiya a yankin relegation, sun fadi a baya da ci 1-2 a karshen lokacin al'ada. Duk da haka, kwallaye biyu da aka zura a lokacin rauni – na biyu da Sergio Agüero ya zura a cikin minti na hudu da aka kara - ya daidaita kambin da City ta samu, wanda hakan ya sanya ta zama kungiya ta farko da ta lashe gasar Premier da maki kadai. A kakar wasa ta gaba, City ta kasa yin kwafin nasarar da ta samu a shekarar da ta gabata. Bayan kammala gasar ta biyu a gasar, maki goma sha daya a bayan Manchester United, da rashin nasara a gasar cin kofin FA 0–1 a hannun Wigan Athletic da ta koma mataki na daya, an kori Mancini. Manajan Chilean Manuel Pellegrini ne ya maye gurbinsa. A shekarar farko ta Pellegrini, City ta lashe kofin League kuma ta sake samun kofin Premier a ranar wasan karshe na kakar wasa. Tsarin gasar kungiyar sannan sannu a hankali ya ragu cikin shekaru biyu masu zuwa, yayin da Blues din ta kare a matsayi na biyu a 2014–15 sannan ta koma ta hudu a cikin 2015–16, kodayake kakar 2015–16 za ta ga City ta lashe wani kofin gasar Gasar Zakarun Turai na kusa da na karshe a karon farko. Pep Guardiola, tsohon kocin Barcelona da Bayern Munich, an tabbatar da zama sabon kocin Manchester City a ranar 1 ga Fabrairun 2016, tare da sanar da sanarwar watanni da yawa kafin Manuel Pellegrini ya bar mukaminsa. Kakar farko ta Guardiola a Manchester za ta kawo karshen gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai, inda Blues ke matsayi na uku a kan teburin gasar, amma kakar wasan da ta biyo baya ta samu nasara sosai, yayin da City ta lashe kofin Premier da maki mafi girma a tarihi tare da karya wasu kungiyoyi da na Ingila da dama. rubuce-rubuce a kan hanya. Wannan zai zama farkon nasarar da Manchester City ta samu a karkashin Guardiola. Tsakanin wasannin 2017-18 da 2022-23 na gasar Premier, City ta lashe kofunan lig biyar cikin shida, inda ta zo ta biyu a bayan Liverpool a kakar wasa ta 2019-20. Guardiola ya kuma jagoranci Blues zuwa gasar cin kofin gida, wanda aka haskaka ta nasarar cin Kofin League guda hudu a jere a 2018-2021. A lokacin kakar 2018-2019, City ta kammala babban gasar cikin gida da ba a taɓa gani ba na taken maza na Ingilishi. Baya ga lashe dukkanin manyan gasa uku na gasar kwallon kafa ta Ingila, sun kuma lashe Garkuwar Jama'a, wanda shi ne karon farko da kowace kungiya ta taba rike dukkan kofunan kwallon kafa hudu na Ingila a lokaci guda. A matakin nahiyar, kulob din ya samu ci gaba a cikin 2020-21, inda ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Zakarun Turai na farko. A cikin duk wani al'amari na Turanci, City ta yi rashin nasara 0-1 a Chelsea a Estádio do Dragão a [[Porto]].<ref>http://www.heraldsun.com.au/sport/football/the-resources-and-power-of-sheikh-mansoor-makes-this-deal-a-seismic-moment-for-the-aleague/story-fni2wcjl-1226808309758</ref> Kakar 2022-23 ta zama mafi girma a tarihin ƙungiyar, yayin da Manchester City ta lashe kofin Premier karo na uku a jere, da gasar cin kofin FA da abokiyar hamayyarta Manchester United, da kuma kofin gasar zakarun Turai na farko a filin wasa na Olympics na Atatürk da ke Istanbul Inter [[Milano|Milan]], ta haka ne ke haɗa wani abu mai wuyar gaske - wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na nahiyar. Hanyar cin kofin zakarun Turai ya hada da nasarar da Bayern Munich ta yi a Turai, wadda ta sha kashi da ci 4-1, da kuma Real Madrid, wadda ta sha kashi a hannun City da ci 1-5.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20070205055003/http://www.plusmarketsgroup.com/details.shtml?ISIN=GB0005599336</ref> Zamanin Manchester City na ci gaba da fafatawa a gasa ya zo daidai da tuhume-tuhume da kuma a lokuta da dama da aka samu na keta dokokin Financial Fair Play (FFP) da dokokin Premier League. A cikin 2014, Manchester City ta kasance batun yarjejeniyar sasantawa da UEFA wanda, a cikin matakai da yawa, an sanya iyaka kan adadin 'yan wasan da za su iya yin rajista a cikin jerin sunayen 'yan wasan na UEFA da kuma adadin da za a iya kashewa. a kan canja wuri da kuɗin fa'idar ma'aikata, an kuma bayar da tarar.<ref>https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/10-things-you-need-know-about-manchester-clubs-humble-beginnings</ref> A cikin 2017, Premier League ta ci tarar Manchester City tare da dakatar da siyan wasu 'yan wasa na makarantar shekaru biyu bayan da aka same su da karya dokokin ci gaban matasa. A shekarar 2020, Kotun sauraron kararrakin wasanni (CAS) ta yanke hukuncin cewa wasu takunkumin da UEFA ta sanyawa kulob din bai dace ba, wanda hakan ya yi watsi da dakatarwar da City ta yi na tsawon shekaru biyu a Turai, amma duk da haka ta gano cewa kulob din ya keta ka'idojin UEFA ta hanyar rashin bayar da hadin kai da kuma kawo cikas ga kungiyar. bincike, kuma saboda wannan "tsanani mai tsanani" ya ci tarar kulob din. A cikin 2023, Premier League ta ba da sanarwar nata binciken zargin da ake yi wa Manchester City, inda take tuhumar kungiyar da keta dokokin FFP har 115 har zuwa kakar wasa ta 2017-18. ===Tarihin gasar=== *1892–1899 Division 2 (L2) *1899–1902 Division 1 (L1) *1902–1903 Division 2 (L2) *1903–1909 Division 1 (L1) *1909–1910 Division 2 (L2) *1910–1926 Division 1 (L1) *1926–1928 Division 2 (L2) *1928–1938 Division 1 (L1) *1938–1947 Division 2 (L2) *1947–1950 Division 1 (L1) *1950–1951 Division 2 (L2) *1951–1963 Division 1 (L1) *1963–1966 Division 2 (L2) *1966–1983 Division 1 (L1) *1983–1985 Division 2 (L2) *1985–1987 Division 1 (L1) *1987–1989 Division 2 (L2) *1989–1992 Division 1 (L1) *1992–1996 Premier League (L1) *1996–1998 Division 1 (L2) *1998–1999 Division 2 (L3) *1999–2000 Division 1 (2) *2000–2001 Premier League (L1) *2001–2002 Division 1 (L2) *2002– Premier League (L1) ==Launuka da kuma Alamun Kulob== Launukan gidan Manchester City shuɗi ne da fari. Launukan kit na gargajiya sun kasance ko dai maroon ko (daga shekarun 1960) ja da baki; duk da haka, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan an yi amfani da launuka da dama. Ba a san asalin launukan gidan kulob din ba, amma akwai alamun cewa kulob din ya sanya shudi tun 1892 ko kuma baya. Wani ɗan littafi mai suna Shahararrun Kungiyoyin Kwallon Kafa - Manchester City wanda aka buga a shekarun 1940 ya nuna cewa West Gorton (St. Marks) tun asali tana wasa da ja da baki, kuma rahotanni daga 1884 sun bayyana ƙungiyar sanye da baƙaƙen riga mai ɗauke da farar giciye, wanda ke nuna asalin ƙungiyar kamar haka. gefen coci. Yin amfani da launin ja da baƙar fata ba safai ba har yanzu ya fito ne daga imanin tsohon mataimakin manajan Malcolm Allison cewa ɗaukar launukan AC Milan zai ƙarfafa City ga ɗaukaka. Alamar Allison da alama yana aiki, tare da City ta lashe gasar cin kofin FA 1969, da 1970 kofin cin Kofin Jikiriku a 1970 yayin da ake adawa da Kungiyar Sky Blue. ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:City, Manchester}} [[Category: Kungiyoyi kwallon kafa]] c7ha9oqhuh2bj5kt34eqneo5bcmw1fc 878628 878627 2026-07-07T18:56:29Z Abdulmuddalib Iabrahim Salisu 14681 878628 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Manchester United FC - Manchester City FC, 25 October 2015 - 27.JPG|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 16.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 12.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 13.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 24.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 04.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 22.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester City FC trophies displayed at the Renzo Barbera Stadium 03.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester City FC trophies displayed at the Renzo Barbera Stadium 02.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:City of Manchester external view.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester United FC - Manchester City FC, 25 October 2015 - 04.JPG|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 10.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:City of Manchester Stadium Wikivoyage banner.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 27.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Arsenal vs Manchester City (2013).jpg|thumb]] '''Manchester City Football Club''' akan takaita sunan zuwa '''Man City''', ta kasance kulob ɗin ƙwararrun ƴan ƙwallon ƙafa ne dake zaune a garin [[Manchester]], England, UK, suna fafatawa a gasar [[Premier League]], babban gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar England. Manchester City ta fara amfani da kayan sawanta na gida mai launin girgije tun acikin shekarar 1894, kuma shi ne kakar ƙungiyar na farko da ta fara amfani da sunan ta na yanzu. Kulob ɗin ta lashe kofin league guda goma (wanda huɗu daga ciki a jere ta lashe su acikin shekara ta 2020-zuwa cikin shekara ta 2024 wanda hakan yasa ta zama ƙungiya ta farko da ta yi irin haka a tarihi) da lashe Kofin FA bakwai, da EFL takwas, FA Community Shield shida, Gasar UEFA Champions league ɗaya, da kuma European Cup Winners'Cup guda ɗaya. ==Tarihi== An kafa ƙungiyar acikin shekara ta alif ɗari takwas da tamanin 1880, ta shiga cikin gasar English Football League acikin shekara ta 1899,ta lashe babbar gasar na farko da Kofin FA|Kofin [[FIFA|fiFA]] a 1904 FA Cup Final shekara ta 1904. Sun samu nasarori a karshen shekara ta 1960s, inda suka lashe kofin League, fiFA Cup da League Cup a karkashin horarwar Joe Mercer da Malcolm Allison. Bayan rashin nasarar ta shekarar 1981 FA Cup Final, kulob din ta fada cikin rashin tagomashi,da samun Promotion and relegation|relegation har zuwa rukuni na uku a English football league system|English football. [[File:City of Manchester Stadium 2.jpg|thumb|Babban filin wasa na Manchester City ]] [[File:Josep Guardiola 2023-10-04 Fußball, Männer, UEFA Champions League, RB Leipzig - Manchester City FC 1DX 2797 (cropped).jpg|thumb|kocin Manchester City. Pep Guardiola.]] [[File:David Silva shaved Man City 2017 (36471171422) (cropped).jpg|thumb|Captain din Manchester city. David Silva]] Bayan dawowar su cikin gasar Premier League a shekara ta 2000s, An saida kulob din Manchester City acikin shekara ta 2008, wanda Abu Dhabi United Group suka saya a £210&nbsp;million, da samun sa jari da dama. Kulob ta samu nasarar lashe gasa da dama a tsakanin shekarun 2010s, kuma suka zama Kulob ta farko da ta samu kaiwa maki Premier League records and statistics#Points|100 points a kakar gasar [[premier league]]. Kudin shigar kulub din Manchester City shine na biyar a Deloitte Football Money League|fifth highest a duniya a tsakanin shekara ta 2017–har zuwa zuwa cikin shekara ta 2018 na kakar gasa, wanda yakai €527.7&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.deloitte.com/uk/en/pages/sports-business-group/articles/deloitte-football-money-league.html|title=Deloitte Football Money League 2018|date=23 January 2018|accessdate=23 January 2018|publisher=Deloitte}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://uk.businessinsider.com/the-20-most-popular-rich-list-football-teams-on-social-media-2018-8/#10-manchester-city-493-million-followers-11 |title=UK Business Insider |access-date=2019-01-26 |archive-date=2018-11-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181118041429/http://uk.businessinsider.com/the-20-most-popular-rich-list-football-teams-on-social-media-2018-8#10-manchester-city-493-million-followers-11 |url-status=dead }}</ref> acikin shekara ta 2018, kulub din ita ce na Biyar a Forbes' list of the most valuable football clubs|fifth most valuable a duniya da kudin da suka kai $2.47&nbsp;billion.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/mikeozanian/2018/06/12/the-worlds-most-valuable-soccer-teams-2018/#3dddb7c845c8|title=The World's Most Valuable Soccer Teams 2018|last=Ozanian|first=Mike|work=Forbes}}</ref>. [[File:2011 FA Cup Final Victory Parade (4).jpg|thumb|kungiyar Manchester City kenan a lokacin murnar lashe kofin FA acikin shekara ta 2011]] Kulub din nada babban hamayya sosai tsakanin ta da takwarar ta [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] a wasa tsakanin su da ake kira da Manchester Derby. ===Shekarun farko da nasarorin farko=== City ta sami karramawar farko ta hanyar cin nasara a rukuni na biyu acikin shekara ta 1899; tare da samun ci gaba zuwa matsayi mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingilishi, Rukunin Farko. Sun ci gaba da neman babbar karramawarsu ta farko a 23 ga Afrilun shekara ta 1904, inda suka doke Bolton Wanderers 1–0 a Crystal Palace don lashe kofin FA; 'Yan wasan Blues sun yi rashin nasara a gasar League da Cup sau biyu a waccan kakar bayan sun kammala gasar zakarun Turai, amma duk da haka sun zama kulob na farko a Manchester da suka samu babbar daraja.Acikin shekarun da suka biyo bayan nasarar cin kofin FA, kulob din ya fuskanci zarge zarge na rashin bin ka'ida, wanda ya kai ga dakatar da 'yan wasa goma sha bakwai acikin shekara ta 1906, ciki har da kyaftin Billy Meredith, wanda daga baya ya wuce garin zuwa Manchester United. Wuta a hanyar Hyde ta lalata babbar tashar acikin shekara ta 1920, kuma a cikin shekara ta 1923 ƙungiyar ta koma sabon filin wasansu da aka gina a Maine Road a cikin Moss Side. A cikin shekarun 1930, Manchester City ta kai wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin FA sau biyu a jere, inda ta yi rashin nasara a hannun Everton acikin shekara ta 1933, kafin ta ci kofin da ta doke Portsmouth a 1934. A lokacin gudu na 1934, kulob din ya karya tarihin zuwa gida mafi girma na kowane kulob a kwallon kafa ta Ingila. tarihi, yayin da magoya bayan 84,569 suka cika titin Maine a gasar cin kofin FA zagaye na shida da Stoke City - tarihin da ya tsaya har zuwa 2016. Kungiyar ta lashe gasar rukunin farko a karon farko a cikin 1937, amma an sake fitar da ita a kakar wasa ta gaba, duk da zura kwallaye a raga. fiye da kowace kungiya a rukunin. Shekaru 20 bayan haka, wata ƙungiyar Birni ta yi wahayi zuwa ga tsarin dabara da aka sani da Revie Plan ta sake kai wasan karshe a gasar cin kofin FA a jere, a 1955 da 1956; kamar yadda a cikin 1930s, suka yi rashin nasara na farko, a Newcastle United, kuma suka ci na biyu. Wasan karshe na 1956, wanda Blues ta doke [[Birmingham]] City 3–1, ya ga golan City Bert Trautmann ya ci gaba da taka leda bayan karya wuyansa da rashin sani. ===Zamanin tauraro na farko da kalubalen da suka biyo baya=== Bayan an koma mataki na biyu a cikin 1963, nan gaba ta yi kamar ba ta da kyau tare da ƙarancin halartan gida na 8,015 da Swindon Town a cikin Janairu 1965. A lokacin bazara na 1965, an nada ƙungiyar gudanarwa ta Joe Mercer da Malcolm Allison . A kakar wasa ta farko a karkashin Mercer, Manchester City ta lashe kambun Division na Biyu kuma ta sanya hannu mai mahimmanci a Mike Summerbee da Colin Bell. Bayan shekaru biyu, a cikin 1967–68, City ta yi nasarar lashe kofin gasar a karo na biyu, inda ta doke makwabciyarta Manchester United a gasar a ranar karshe ta kakar wasan da ci 4-3 a Newcastle United. Karin kofuna sun biyo baya: City ta lashe kofin FA a 1969 kuma bayan shekara guda ta yi nasara a gasar cin kofin Turai, inda ta doke Górnik Zabrze 2–1 a 1970 na wasan karshe. Wannan ita ce karramawar da kulob din ya samu a Turai har zuwa nasarar da suka samu a gasar zakarun Turai ta 2022-23. Har ila yau, Blues ta lashe gasar cin kofin League a waccan shekarar, inda ta zama tawagar Ingila ta biyu da ta lashe kofin Turai da kofin gida a kakar wasa guda. Kulob din ya ci gaba da kalubalantar daukaka a cikin shekarun 1970s, inda ya kammala maki daya a bayan zakarun gasar a lokuta biyu kuma ya kai wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin League na 1974. Daya daga cikin wasannin na wannan lokacin da magoya bayan Manchester City ke tunawa da su shi ne wasan karshe na kakar 1973-74 da abokan hamayyarta na Manchester United, wadanda ke bukatar yin nasara don samun wani begen gujewa faduwa. Tsohon dan wasan United Denis Law ya zura kwallo da diddige don bai wa City nasara da ci 1-0 a Old Trafford da kuma tabbatar da faduwa daga abokan hamayyarsu. Kofin karshe na lokacin da ya fi samun nasara a kungiyar a karni na 20 an ci shi ne a shekarar 1976, lokacin da aka doke Newcastle United da ci 2-1 a wasan karshe na cin kofin League. Wani dogon lokaci na biyo bayan nasarar shekarun 1960 da 1970. Malcolm Allison ya koma kulob din ya zama koci karo na biyu a shekarar 1979, amma ya yi almubazzaranci da makudan kudade kan sa hannu da dama da ba su yi nasara ba, irin su Steve Daley. Bayan haka, wasu manajoji sun biyo baya - bakwai a cikin 1980s kadai. Karkashin John Bond, City ta kai wasan karshe na cin kofin FA na 1981 amma ta sha kashi a karawar da Tottenham Hotspur ta yi. Sau biyu kulob din ya yi fice daga matakin farko a cikin shekarun 1980 (a cikin 1983 da 1987), amma kuma ya koma mataki na farko a 1989 kuma ya kare a matsayi na biyar a 1991 da 1992 a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Peter Reid. Koyaya, wannan ɗan hutu ne kawai, kuma bayan tafiyar Reid dukiyar Manchester City ta ci gaba da dusashewa. City ta kasance masu kafa ƙungiyar Premier League bayan ƙirƙirar ta a 1992, amma bayan da ta kare a matsayi na tara a kakar wasan farko, sun yi fama da gwagwarmaya na shekaru uku kafin a sake su a 1996. mafi ƙasƙanci a tarihin su, zama na biyu da suka lashe kofin Turai da aka sake komawa gasar rukuni-rukuni na ƙasarsu bayan 1. FC Magdeburg ta [[Jamus]]. ===Farfadowa ta biyu=== Bayan da aka tashi daga gasar, kulob din ya fuskanci tashe-tashen hankula a waje, tare da sabon shugaban David Bernstein ya gabatar da ingantaccen tsarin kasafin kudi. Karkashin kociyan Joe Royle, City ta sami daukaka a yunkurin farko, wanda aka samu ta hanyar ban mamaki a wasan karshe na rukuni na biyu da Gillingham. Matsayin ci gaba na biyu a jere ya ga City ta koma mataki na gaba, amma wannan ya zama mataki mai nisa ga ƙungiyar da ke murmurewa, kuma a cikin 2001 An sake komawa City sau ɗaya. Kevin Keegan ya maye gurbin Royle a matsayin koci a ƙarshen kakar wasa ta ƙarshe, kuma ya samu koma baya nan da nan zuwa babban rukuni yayin da ƙungiyar ta lashe gasar rukunin farko ta 2001-2002, ta karya tarihin ƙungiyar na yawan maki da aka zura a raga a kakar wasa ɗaya a gasar. tsari. Kakar 2002–03 ita ce ta ƙarshe a Maine Road kuma ta haɗa da 3-1 derby nasara akan abokan hammayarsu Manchester United, wanda ya kawo karshen shekara 13 da aka yi ba tare da nasara ba. Bugu da ƙari, City ta cancanci shiga gasar Turai a karon farko cikin shekaru 25 ta hanyar UEFA fair play ranking. A karshen kakar wasa ta 2003–04, kulob din ya koma sabon City na filin wasa na Manchester. Shekaru hudu na farko a filin wasa duk sun haifar da kammala tsakiyar tebur. Tsohon manajan Ingila Sven-Göran Eriksson ya zama kociyan kungiyar na kasashen waje na farko lokacin da aka nada shi a shekarar 2007. Bayan fara wasa mai kyau, wasan kwaikwayo ya dusashe a rabin na biyu na kakar wasa, kuma an kori Eriksson a ranar 2 ga Yuni 2008; Mark Hughes ya maye gurbinsa bayan kwana biyu. A shekara ta 2008, Manchester City ta kasance cikin mawuyacin hali na rashin kuɗi. Thaksin Shinawatra ya karbi ragamar kulab din a shekarar da ta gabata, amma fafutukar siyasarsa ta ga kadarorinsa sun daskare. Sannan, a cikin Agusta 2008, Ƙungiyar Abu Dhabi United ta sayi Birni. Taken ya biyo bayan yunƙurin neman manyan ‘yan wasa; Kulob din ya karya tarihin sayan 'yan wasa na Biritaniya ta hanyar siyan Robinho dan kasar [[Brazil]] daga Real Madrid kan fan miliyan 32.5. Ba a samu wani gagarumin ci gaba ba idan aka kwatanta da kakar da ta gabata duk da kwararar kudi duk da haka, kungiyar ta kare a mataki na goma, duk da cewa ta yi rawar gani ta kai wasan daf da na kusa da karshe a gasar cin kofin UEFA. A lokacin bazara na 2009, ƙungiyar ta ɗauki kashe kuɗin canja wuri zuwa matakin da ba a taɓa gani ba, tare da kashe sama da fam miliyan 100 akan 'yan wasa Gareth Barry, Roque Santa Cruz, Kolo Touré, Emmanuel Adebayor, Carlos Tevez, da Joleon Lescott. A cikin Disamba 2009, Mark Hughes - wanda aka ɗauke shi aiki jim kaɗan kafin canjin ikon mallakar amma tun asali sabuwar hukumar ta riƙe shi - Roberto Mancini ya maye gurbinsa a matsayin manaja. City ta kammala kakar wasa a matsayi na biyar a gasar Premier, da kyar ta rasa gurbin shiga gasar zakarun Turai amma ta cancanci shiga gasar UEFA Europa League. ===Zaman tauraro na biyu da zuwan Pep Guardiola=== Ci gaba da saka hannun jari a cikin 'yan wasa ya biyo baya a lokuta masu zuwa, kuma sakamakon ya fara daidai da haɓakar ingancin ɗan wasa. City ta kai wasan karshe na cin kofin FA a shekarar 2011, babban wasan karshe na farko cikin sama da shekaru 30, bayan da ta doke abokiyar hamayyarta Manchester United a wasan kusa da na karshe, karo na farko da ta fitar da abokiyar karawarta daga gasar cin kofin tun 1975. Blues ta doke Stoke. City 1–0 a wasan karshe, inda ta samu nasarar cin kofin FA karo na biyar da kuma babban kofi na farko da kungiyar ta lashe tun bayan lashe kofin League na 1976. A ranar karshe ta kakar 2010-2011, City ta doke [[Arsenal F.C.]] a matsayi na uku, ta yadda ta samu cancantar shiga gasar zakarun Turai kai tsaye a group stage. An ci gaba da yin wasanni masu ƙarfi da kuma cimma nasarori a kakar wasa ta 2011–12, gami da nasarar da suka yi da Tottenham da ci 5–1 a White Hart Lane da kuma nasarar da ta yi daidai da 6–1 a kan Manchester United a Old Trafford, amma rashin kyawun tsari a rabin na biyu kakar wasan dai ya bar City a matsayi na biyu da maki takwas tsakaninta da United saura wasanni shida kacal a buga. A wannan lokacin, United ta yi rashin nasara a kan ta, inda ta yi kasa da maki takwas a cikin wasanni hudu, yayin da City ta fara samun nasara a jere, wanda ya sa kungiyoyin biyu suka tashi da maki daya saura wasanni biyu. Duk da Buluwa kawai suna bukatar nasara a gida da Queens Park Rangers, kungiya a yankin relegation, sun fadi a baya da ci 1-2 a karshen lokacin al'ada. Duk da haka, kwallaye biyu da aka zura a lokacin rauni – na biyu da Sergio Agüero ya zura a cikin minti na hudu da aka kara - ya daidaita kambin da City ta samu, wanda hakan ya sanya ta zama kungiya ta farko da ta lashe gasar Premier da maki kadai. A kakar wasa ta gaba, City ta kasa yin kwafin nasarar da ta samu a shekarar da ta gabata. Bayan kammala gasar ta biyu a gasar, maki goma sha daya a bayan Manchester United, da rashin nasara a gasar cin kofin FA 0–1 a hannun Wigan Athletic da ta koma mataki na daya, an kori Mancini. Manajan Chilean Manuel Pellegrini ne ya maye gurbinsa. A shekarar farko ta Pellegrini, City ta lashe kofin League kuma ta sake samun kofin Premier a ranar wasan karshe na kakar wasa. Tsarin gasar kungiyar sannan sannu a hankali ya ragu cikin shekaru biyu masu zuwa, yayin da Blues din ta kare a matsayi na biyu a 2014–15 sannan ta koma ta hudu a cikin 2015–16, kodayake kakar 2015–16 za ta ga City ta lashe wani kofin gasar Gasar Zakarun Turai na kusa da na karshe a karon farko. Pep Guardiola, tsohon kocin Barcelona da Bayern Munich, an tabbatar da zama sabon kocin Manchester City a ranar 1 ga Fabrairun 2016, tare da sanar da sanarwar watanni da yawa kafin Manuel Pellegrini ya bar mukaminsa. Kakar farko ta Guardiola a Manchester za ta kawo karshen gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai, inda Blues ke matsayi na uku a kan teburin gasar, amma kakar wasan da ta biyo baya ta samu nasara sosai, yayin da City ta lashe kofin Premier da maki mafi girma a tarihi tare da karya wasu kungiyoyi da na Ingila da dama. rubuce-rubuce a kan hanya. Wannan zai zama farkon nasarar da Manchester City ta samu a karkashin Guardiola. Tsakanin wasannin 2017-18 da 2022-23 na gasar Premier, City ta lashe kofunan lig biyar cikin shida, inda ta zo ta biyu a bayan Liverpool a kakar wasa ta 2019-20. Guardiola ya kuma jagoranci Blues zuwa gasar cin kofin gida, wanda aka haskaka ta nasarar cin Kofin League guda hudu a jere a 2018-2021. A lokacin kakar 2018-2019, City ta kammala babban gasar cikin gida da ba a taɓa gani ba na taken maza na Ingilishi. Baya ga lashe dukkanin manyan gasa uku na gasar kwallon kafa ta Ingila, sun kuma lashe Garkuwar Jama'a, wanda shi ne karon farko da kowace kungiya ta taba rike dukkan kofunan kwallon kafa hudu na Ingila a lokaci guda. A matakin nahiyar, kulob din ya samu ci gaba a cikin 2020-21, inda ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Zakarun Turai na farko. A cikin duk wani al'amari na Turanci, City ta yi rashin nasara 0-1 a Chelsea a Estádio do Dragão a [[Porto]].<ref>http://www.heraldsun.com.au/sport/football/the-resources-and-power-of-sheikh-mansoor-makes-this-deal-a-seismic-moment-for-the-aleague/story-fni2wcjl-1226808309758</ref> Kakar 2022-23 ta zama mafi girma a tarihin ƙungiyar, yayin da Manchester City ta lashe kofin Premier karo na uku a jere, da gasar cin kofin FA da abokiyar hamayyarta Manchester United, da kuma kofin gasar zakarun Turai na farko a filin wasa na Olympics na Atatürk da ke Istanbul Inter [[Milano|Milan]], ta haka ne ke haɗa wani abu mai wuyar gaske - wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na nahiyar. Hanyar cin kofin zakarun Turai ya hada da nasarar da Bayern Munich ta yi a Turai, wadda ta sha kashi da ci 4-1, da kuma Real Madrid, wadda ta sha kashi a hannun City da ci 1-5.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20070205055003/http://www.plusmarketsgroup.com/details.shtml?ISIN=GB0005599336</ref> Zamanin Manchester City na ci gaba da fafatawa a gasa ya zo daidai da tuhume-tuhume da kuma a lokuta da dama da aka samu na keta dokokin Financial Fair Play (FFP) da dokokin Premier League. A cikin 2014, Manchester City ta kasance batun yarjejeniyar sasantawa da UEFA wanda, a cikin matakai da yawa, an sanya iyaka kan adadin 'yan wasan da za su iya yin rajista a cikin jerin sunayen 'yan wasan na UEFA da kuma adadin da za a iya kashewa. a kan canja wuri da kuɗin fa'idar ma'aikata, an kuma bayar da tarar.<ref>https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/10-things-you-need-know-about-manchester-clubs-humble-beginnings</ref> A cikin 2017, Premier League ta ci tarar Manchester City tare da dakatar da siyan wasu 'yan wasa na makarantar shekaru biyu bayan da aka same su da karya dokokin ci gaban matasa. A shekarar 2020, Kotun sauraron kararrakin wasanni (CAS) ta yanke hukuncin cewa wasu takunkumin da UEFA ta sanyawa kulob din bai dace ba, wanda hakan ya yi watsi da dakatarwar da City ta yi na tsawon shekaru biyu a Turai, amma duk da haka ta gano cewa kulob din ya keta ka'idojin UEFA ta hanyar rashin bayar da hadin kai da kuma kawo cikas ga kungiyar. bincike, kuma saboda wannan "tsanani mai tsanani" ya ci tarar kulob din. A cikin 2023, Premier League ta ba da sanarwar nata binciken zargin da ake yi wa Manchester City, inda take tuhumar kungiyar da keta dokokin FFP har 115 har zuwa kakar wasa ta 2017-18. ===Tarihin gasar=== *1892–1899 Division 2 (L2) *1899–1902 Division 1 (L1) *1902–1903 Division 2 (L2) *1903–1909 Division 1 (L1) *1909–1910 Division 2 (L2) *1910–1926 Division 1 (L1) *1926–1928 Division 2 (L2) *1928–1938 Division 1 (L1) *1938–1947 Division 2 (L2) *1947–1950 Division 1 (L1) *1950–1951 Division 2 (L2) *1951–1963 Division 1 (L1) *1963–1966 Division 2 (L2) *1966–1983 Division 1 (L1) *1983–1985 Division 2 (L2) *1985–1987 Division 1 (L1) *1987–1989 Division 2 (L2) *1989–1992 Division 1 (L1) *1992–1996 Premier League (L1) *1996–1998 Division 1 (L2) *1998–1999 Division 2 (L3) *1999–2000 Division 1 (2) *2000–2001 Premier League (L1) *2001–2002 Division 1 (L2) *2002– Premier League (L1) ==Launuka da kuma Alamun Kulob== Launukan gidan Manchester City shuɗi ne da fari. Launukan kit na gargajiya sun kasance ko dai maroon ko (daga shekarun 1960) ja da baki; duk da haka, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan an yi amfani da launuka da dama. Ba a san asalin launukan gidan kulob din ba, amma akwai alamun cewa kulob din ya sanya shudi tun 1892 ko kuma baya. Wani ɗan littafi mai suna Shahararrun Kungiyoyin Kwallon Kafa - Manchester City wanda aka buga a shekarun 1940 ya nuna cewa West Gorton (St. Marks) tun asali tana wasa da ja da baki, kuma rahotanni daga 1884 sun bayyana ƙungiyar sanye da baƙaƙen riga mai ɗauke da farar giciye, wanda ke nuna asalin ƙungiyar kamar haka. gefen coci. Yin amfani da launin ja da baƙar fata ba safai ba har yanzu ya fito ne daga imanin tsohon mataimakin manajan Malcolm Allison cewa ɗaukar launukan AC Milan zai ƙarfafa City ga ɗaukaka. Alamar Allison da alama yana aiki, tare da City ta lashe gasar cin kofin FA 1969, da 1970 kofin cin Kofin Jikiriku a 1970 yayin da ake adawa da Kungiyar Sky Blue. ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:City, Manchester}} [[Category: Kungiyoyi kwallon kafa]] fvthkl3qsy78o67w6tcmnp1blv535kw 878629 878628 2026-07-07T18:58:05Z Abdulmuddalib Iabrahim Salisu 14681 878629 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Manchester United FC - Manchester City FC, 25 October 2015 - 27.JPG|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 16.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 12.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 13.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 24.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 04.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 22.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester City FC trophies displayed at the Renzo Barbera Stadium 03.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester City FC trophies displayed at the Renzo Barbera Stadium 02.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:City of Manchester external view.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester United FC - Manchester City FC, 25 October 2015 - 04.JPG|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 10.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:City of Manchester Stadium Wikivoyage banner.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 27.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Arsenal vs Manchester City (2013).jpg|thumb]] '''Manchester City Football Club''' akan takaita sunan zuwa '''Man City''', ta kasance kulob ɗin ƙwararrun ƴan ƙwallon ƙafa ne dake zaune a garin [[Manchester]], England, UK, suna fafatawa a gasar [[Premier League]], babban gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar England. Manchester City ta fara amfani da kayan sawanta na gida mai launin girgije tun acikin shekarar 1894, kuma shi ne kakar ƙungiyar na farko da ta fara amfani da sunan ta na yanzu. Kulob ɗin ta lashe kofin league guda goma (wanda huɗu daga ciki a jere ta lashe su acikin shekara ta 2020-zuwa cikin shekara ta 2024 wanda hakan yasa ta zama ƙungiya ta farko da ta yi irin haka a tarihi) da lashe Kofin FA bakwai, da EFL takwas, FA Community Shield shida, Gasar UEFA Champions league ɗaya, da kuma European Cup Winners'Cup guda ɗaya. ==Tarihi== An kafa ƙungiyar acikin shekara ta alif ɗari takwas da tamanin 1880, ta shiga cikin gasar English Football League acikin shekara ta 1899,ta lashe babbar gasar na farko da Kofin FA|Kofin [[FIFA|fiFA]] a 1904 FA Cup Final shekara ta 1904. Sun samu nasarori a karshen shekara ta 1960s, inda suka lashe kofin League, fiFA Cup da League Cup a karkashin horarwar Joe Mercer da Malcolm Allison. Bayan rashin nasarar ta shekarar 1981 FA Cup Final, kulob din ta fada cikin rashin tagomashi,da samun Promotion and relegation|relegation har zuwa rukuni na uku a English football league system|English football. [[File:City of Manchester Stadium 2.jpg|thumb|Babban filin wasa na Manchester City ]] [[File:Josep Guardiola 2023-10-04 Fußball, Männer, UEFA Champions League, RB Leipzig - Manchester City FC 1DX 2797 (cropped).jpg|thumb|kocin Manchester City. Pep Guardiola.]] [[File:David Silva shaved Man City 2017 (36471171422) (cropped).jpg|thumb|Captain din Manchester city. David Silva]] Bayan dawowar su cikin gasar Premier League a shekara ta 2000s, An saida kulob din Manchester City acikin shekara ta 2008, wanda Abu Dhabi United Group suka saya a £210&nbsp;million, da samun sa jari da dama. Kulob ta samu nasarar lashe gasa da dama a tsakanin shekarun 2010s, kuma suka zama Kulob ta farko da ta samu kaiwa maki Premier League records and statistics#Points|100 points a kakar gasar [[premier league]]. Kudin shigar kulub din Manchester City shine na biyar a Deloitte Football Money League|fifth highest a duniya a tsakanin shekara ta 2017–har zuwa zuwa cikin shekara ta 2018 na kakar gasa, wanda yakai €527.7&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.deloitte.com/uk/en/pages/sports-business-group/articles/deloitte-football-money-league.html|title=Deloitte Football Money League 2018|date=23 January 2018|accessdate=23 January 2018|publisher=Deloitte}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://uk.businessinsider.com/the-20-most-popular-rich-list-football-teams-on-social-media-2018-8/#10-manchester-city-493-million-followers-11 |title=UK Business Insider |access-date=2019-01-26 |archive-date=2018-11-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181118041429/http://uk.businessinsider.com/the-20-most-popular-rich-list-football-teams-on-social-media-2018-8#10-manchester-city-493-million-followers-11 |url-status=dead }}</ref> acikin shekara ta 2018, kulub din ita ce na Biyar a Forbes' list of the most valuable football clubs|fifth most valuable a duniya da kudin da suka kai $2.47&nbsp;billion.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/mikeozanian/2018/06/12/the-worlds-most-valuable-soccer-teams-2018/#3dddb7c845c8|title=The World's Most Valuable Soccer Teams 2018|last=Ozanian|first=Mike|work=Forbes}}</ref>. [[File:2011 FA Cup Final Victory Parade (4).jpg|thumb|kungiyar Manchester City kenan a lokacin murnar lashe kofin FA acikin shekara ta 2011]] Kulub din nada babban hamayya sosai tsakanin ta da takwarar ta [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] a wasa tsakanin su da ake kira da Manchester Derby. ===Shekarun farko da nasarorin farko=== City ta sami karramawar farko ta hanyar cin nasara a rukuni na biyu acikin shekara ta 1899; tare da samun ci gaba zuwa matsayi mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingilishi, Rukunin Farko. Sun ci gaba da neman babbar karramawarsu ta farko a 23 ga Afrilun shekara ta 1904, inda suka doke Bolton Wanderers 1–0 a Crystal Palace don lashe kofin FA; 'Yan wasan Blues sun yi rashin nasara a gasar League da Cup sau biyu a waccan kakar bayan sun kammala gasar zakarun Turai, amma duk da haka sun zama kulob na farko a Manchester da suka samu babbar daraja.Acikin shekarun da suka biyo bayan nasarar cin kofin FA, kulob din ya fuskanci zarge zarge na rashin bin ka'ida, wanda ya kai ga dakatar da 'yan wasa goma sha bakwai acikin shekara ta 1906, ciki har da kyaftin Billy Meredith, wanda daga baya ya wuce garin zuwa Manchester United. Wuta a hanyar Hyde ta lalata babbar tashar acikin shekara ta 1920, kuma a cikin shekara ta 1923 ƙungiyar ta koma sabon filin wasansu da aka gina a Maine Road a cikin Moss Side. A cikin shekarun 1930, Manchester City ta kai wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin FA sau biyu a jere, inda ta yi rashin nasara a hannun Everton acikin shekara ta 1933, kafin ta ci kofin da ta doke Portsmouth a 1934. A lokacin gudu na 1934, kulob din ya karya tarihin zuwa gida mafi girma na kowane kulob a kwallon kafa ta Ingila. tarihi, yayin da magoya bayan 84,569 suka cika titin Maine a gasar cin kofin FA zagaye na shida da Stoke City - tarihin da ya tsaya har zuwa 2016. Kungiyar ta lashe gasar rukunin farko a karon farko a cikin shekara ta 1937, amma an sake fitar da ita a kakar wasa ta gaba, duk da zura kwallaye a raga. fiye da kowace kungiya a rukunin. Shekaru 20 bayan haka, wata ƙungiyar Birni ta yi wahayi zuwa ga tsarin dabara da aka sani da Revie Plan ta sake kai wasan karshe a gasar cin kofin FA a jere, a 1955 da 1956; kamar yadda a cikin 1930s, suka yi rashin nasara na farko, a Newcastle United, kuma suka ci na biyu. Wasan karshe na 1956, wanda Blues ta doke [[Birmingham]] City 3–1, ya ga golan City Bert Trautmann ya ci gaba da taka leda bayan karya wuyansa da rashin sani. ===Zamanin tauraro na farko da kalubalen da suka biyo baya=== Bayan an koma mataki na biyu a cikin 1963, nan gaba ta yi kamar ba ta da kyau tare da ƙarancin halartan gida na 8,015 da Swindon Town a cikin Janairu 1965. A lokacin bazara na 1965, an nada ƙungiyar gudanarwa ta Joe Mercer da Malcolm Allison . A kakar wasa ta farko a karkashin Mercer, Manchester City ta lashe kambun Division na Biyu kuma ta sanya hannu mai mahimmanci a Mike Summerbee da Colin Bell. Bayan shekaru biyu, a cikin 1967–68, City ta yi nasarar lashe kofin gasar a karo na biyu, inda ta doke makwabciyarta Manchester United a gasar a ranar karshe ta kakar wasan da ci 4-3 a Newcastle United. Karin kofuna sun biyo baya: City ta lashe kofin FA a 1969 kuma bayan shekara guda ta yi nasara a gasar cin kofin Turai, inda ta doke Górnik Zabrze 2–1 a 1970 na wasan karshe. Wannan ita ce karramawar da kulob din ya samu a Turai har zuwa nasarar da suka samu a gasar zakarun Turai ta 2022-23. Har ila yau, Blues ta lashe gasar cin kofin League a waccan shekarar, inda ta zama tawagar Ingila ta biyu da ta lashe kofin Turai da kofin gida a kakar wasa guda. Kulob din ya ci gaba da kalubalantar daukaka a cikin shekarun 1970s, inda ya kammala maki daya a bayan zakarun gasar a lokuta biyu kuma ya kai wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin League na 1974. Daya daga cikin wasannin na wannan lokacin da magoya bayan Manchester City ke tunawa da su shi ne wasan karshe na kakar 1973-74 da abokan hamayyarta na Manchester United, wadanda ke bukatar yin nasara don samun wani begen gujewa faduwa. Tsohon dan wasan United Denis Law ya zura kwallo da diddige don bai wa City nasara da ci 1-0 a Old Trafford da kuma tabbatar da faduwa daga abokan hamayyarsu. Kofin karshe na lokacin da ya fi samun nasara a kungiyar a karni na 20 an ci shi ne a shekarar 1976, lokacin da aka doke Newcastle United da ci 2-1 a wasan karshe na cin kofin League. Wani dogon lokaci na biyo bayan nasarar shekarun 1960 da 1970. Malcolm Allison ya koma kulob din ya zama koci karo na biyu a shekarar 1979, amma ya yi almubazzaranci da makudan kudade kan sa hannu da dama da ba su yi nasara ba, irin su Steve Daley. Bayan haka, wasu manajoji sun biyo baya - bakwai a cikin 1980s kadai. Karkashin John Bond, City ta kai wasan karshe na cin kofin FA na 1981 amma ta sha kashi a karawar da Tottenham Hotspur ta yi. Sau biyu kulob din ya yi fice daga matakin farko a cikin shekarun 1980 (a cikin 1983 da 1987), amma kuma ya koma mataki na farko a 1989 kuma ya kare a matsayi na biyar a 1991 da 1992 a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Peter Reid. Koyaya, wannan ɗan hutu ne kawai, kuma bayan tafiyar Reid dukiyar Manchester City ta ci gaba da dusashewa. City ta kasance masu kafa ƙungiyar Premier League bayan ƙirƙirar ta a 1992, amma bayan da ta kare a matsayi na tara a kakar wasan farko, sun yi fama da gwagwarmaya na shekaru uku kafin a sake su a 1996. mafi ƙasƙanci a tarihin su, zama na biyu da suka lashe kofin Turai da aka sake komawa gasar rukuni-rukuni na ƙasarsu bayan 1. FC Magdeburg ta [[Jamus]]. ===Farfadowa ta biyu=== Bayan da aka tashi daga gasar, kulob din ya fuskanci tashe-tashen hankula a waje, tare da sabon shugaban David Bernstein ya gabatar da ingantaccen tsarin kasafin kudi. Karkashin kociyan Joe Royle, City ta sami daukaka a yunkurin farko, wanda aka samu ta hanyar ban mamaki a wasan karshe na rukuni na biyu da Gillingham. Matsayin ci gaba na biyu a jere ya ga City ta koma mataki na gaba, amma wannan ya zama mataki mai nisa ga ƙungiyar da ke murmurewa, kuma a cikin 2001 An sake komawa City sau ɗaya. Kevin Keegan ya maye gurbin Royle a matsayin koci a ƙarshen kakar wasa ta ƙarshe, kuma ya samu koma baya nan da nan zuwa babban rukuni yayin da ƙungiyar ta lashe gasar rukunin farko ta 2001-2002, ta karya tarihin ƙungiyar na yawan maki da aka zura a raga a kakar wasa ɗaya a gasar. tsari. Kakar 2002–03 ita ce ta ƙarshe a Maine Road kuma ta haɗa da 3-1 derby nasara akan abokan hammayarsu Manchester United, wanda ya kawo karshen shekara 13 da aka yi ba tare da nasara ba. Bugu da ƙari, City ta cancanci shiga gasar Turai a karon farko cikin shekaru 25 ta hanyar UEFA fair play ranking. A karshen kakar wasa ta 2003–04, kulob din ya koma sabon City na filin wasa na Manchester. Shekaru hudu na farko a filin wasa duk sun haifar da kammala tsakiyar tebur. Tsohon manajan Ingila Sven-Göran Eriksson ya zama kociyan kungiyar na kasashen waje na farko lokacin da aka nada shi a shekarar 2007. Bayan fara wasa mai kyau, wasan kwaikwayo ya dusashe a rabin na biyu na kakar wasa, kuma an kori Eriksson a ranar 2 ga Yuni 2008; Mark Hughes ya maye gurbinsa bayan kwana biyu. A shekara ta 2008, Manchester City ta kasance cikin mawuyacin hali na rashin kuɗi. Thaksin Shinawatra ya karbi ragamar kulab din a shekarar da ta gabata, amma fafutukar siyasarsa ta ga kadarorinsa sun daskare. Sannan, a cikin Agusta 2008, Ƙungiyar Abu Dhabi United ta sayi Birni. Taken ya biyo bayan yunƙurin neman manyan ‘yan wasa; Kulob din ya karya tarihin sayan 'yan wasa na Biritaniya ta hanyar siyan Robinho dan kasar [[Brazil]] daga Real Madrid kan fan miliyan 32.5. Ba a samu wani gagarumin ci gaba ba idan aka kwatanta da kakar da ta gabata duk da kwararar kudi duk da haka, kungiyar ta kare a mataki na goma, duk da cewa ta yi rawar gani ta kai wasan daf da na kusa da karshe a gasar cin kofin UEFA. A lokacin bazara na 2009, ƙungiyar ta ɗauki kashe kuɗin canja wuri zuwa matakin da ba a taɓa gani ba, tare da kashe sama da fam miliyan 100 akan 'yan wasa Gareth Barry, Roque Santa Cruz, Kolo Touré, Emmanuel Adebayor, Carlos Tevez, da Joleon Lescott. A cikin Disamba 2009, Mark Hughes - wanda aka ɗauke shi aiki jim kaɗan kafin canjin ikon mallakar amma tun asali sabuwar hukumar ta riƙe shi - Roberto Mancini ya maye gurbinsa a matsayin manaja. City ta kammala kakar wasa a matsayi na biyar a gasar Premier, da kyar ta rasa gurbin shiga gasar zakarun Turai amma ta cancanci shiga gasar UEFA Europa League. ===Zaman tauraro na biyu da zuwan Pep Guardiola=== Ci gaba da saka hannun jari a cikin 'yan wasa ya biyo baya a lokuta masu zuwa, kuma sakamakon ya fara daidai da haɓakar ingancin ɗan wasa. City ta kai wasan karshe na cin kofin FA a shekarar 2011, babban wasan karshe na farko cikin sama da shekaru 30, bayan da ta doke abokiyar hamayyarta Manchester United a wasan kusa da na karshe, karo na farko da ta fitar da abokiyar karawarta daga gasar cin kofin tun 1975. Blues ta doke Stoke. City 1–0 a wasan karshe, inda ta samu nasarar cin kofin FA karo na biyar da kuma babban kofi na farko da kungiyar ta lashe tun bayan lashe kofin League na 1976. A ranar karshe ta kakar 2010-2011, City ta doke [[Arsenal F.C.]] a matsayi na uku, ta yadda ta samu cancantar shiga gasar zakarun Turai kai tsaye a group stage. An ci gaba da yin wasanni masu ƙarfi da kuma cimma nasarori a kakar wasa ta 2011–12, gami da nasarar da suka yi da Tottenham da ci 5–1 a White Hart Lane da kuma nasarar da ta yi daidai da 6–1 a kan Manchester United a Old Trafford, amma rashin kyawun tsari a rabin na biyu kakar wasan dai ya bar City a matsayi na biyu da maki takwas tsakaninta da United saura wasanni shida kacal a buga. A wannan lokacin, United ta yi rashin nasara a kan ta, inda ta yi kasa da maki takwas a cikin wasanni hudu, yayin da City ta fara samun nasara a jere, wanda ya sa kungiyoyin biyu suka tashi da maki daya saura wasanni biyu. Duk da Buluwa kawai suna bukatar nasara a gida da Queens Park Rangers, kungiya a yankin relegation, sun fadi a baya da ci 1-2 a karshen lokacin al'ada. Duk da haka, kwallaye biyu da aka zura a lokacin rauni – na biyu da Sergio Agüero ya zura a cikin minti na hudu da aka kara - ya daidaita kambin da City ta samu, wanda hakan ya sanya ta zama kungiya ta farko da ta lashe gasar Premier da maki kadai. A kakar wasa ta gaba, City ta kasa yin kwafin nasarar da ta samu a shekarar da ta gabata. Bayan kammala gasar ta biyu a gasar, maki goma sha daya a bayan Manchester United, da rashin nasara a gasar cin kofin FA 0–1 a hannun Wigan Athletic da ta koma mataki na daya, an kori Mancini. Manajan Chilean Manuel Pellegrini ne ya maye gurbinsa. A shekarar farko ta Pellegrini, City ta lashe kofin League kuma ta sake samun kofin Premier a ranar wasan karshe na kakar wasa. Tsarin gasar kungiyar sannan sannu a hankali ya ragu cikin shekaru biyu masu zuwa, yayin da Blues din ta kare a matsayi na biyu a 2014–15 sannan ta koma ta hudu a cikin 2015–16, kodayake kakar 2015–16 za ta ga City ta lashe wani kofin gasar Gasar Zakarun Turai na kusa da na karshe a karon farko. Pep Guardiola, tsohon kocin Barcelona da Bayern Munich, an tabbatar da zama sabon kocin Manchester City a ranar 1 ga Fabrairun 2016, tare da sanar da sanarwar watanni da yawa kafin Manuel Pellegrini ya bar mukaminsa. Kakar farko ta Guardiola a Manchester za ta kawo karshen gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai, inda Blues ke matsayi na uku a kan teburin gasar, amma kakar wasan da ta biyo baya ta samu nasara sosai, yayin da City ta lashe kofin Premier da maki mafi girma a tarihi tare da karya wasu kungiyoyi da na Ingila da dama. rubuce-rubuce a kan hanya. Wannan zai zama farkon nasarar da Manchester City ta samu a karkashin Guardiola. Tsakanin wasannin 2017-18 da 2022-23 na gasar Premier, City ta lashe kofunan lig biyar cikin shida, inda ta zo ta biyu a bayan Liverpool a kakar wasa ta 2019-20. Guardiola ya kuma jagoranci Blues zuwa gasar cin kofin gida, wanda aka haskaka ta nasarar cin Kofin League guda hudu a jere a 2018-2021. A lokacin kakar 2018-2019, City ta kammala babban gasar cikin gida da ba a taɓa gani ba na taken maza na Ingilishi. Baya ga lashe dukkanin manyan gasa uku na gasar kwallon kafa ta Ingila, sun kuma lashe Garkuwar Jama'a, wanda shi ne karon farko da kowace kungiya ta taba rike dukkan kofunan kwallon kafa hudu na Ingila a lokaci guda. A matakin nahiyar, kulob din ya samu ci gaba a cikin 2020-21, inda ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Zakarun Turai na farko. A cikin duk wani al'amari na Turanci, City ta yi rashin nasara 0-1 a Chelsea a Estádio do Dragão a [[Porto]].<ref>http://www.heraldsun.com.au/sport/football/the-resources-and-power-of-sheikh-mansoor-makes-this-deal-a-seismic-moment-for-the-aleague/story-fni2wcjl-1226808309758</ref> Kakar 2022-23 ta zama mafi girma a tarihin ƙungiyar, yayin da Manchester City ta lashe kofin Premier karo na uku a jere, da gasar cin kofin FA da abokiyar hamayyarta Manchester United, da kuma kofin gasar zakarun Turai na farko a filin wasa na Olympics na Atatürk da ke Istanbul Inter [[Milano|Milan]], ta haka ne ke haɗa wani abu mai wuyar gaske - wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na nahiyar. Hanyar cin kofin zakarun Turai ya hada da nasarar da Bayern Munich ta yi a Turai, wadda ta sha kashi da ci 4-1, da kuma Real Madrid, wadda ta sha kashi a hannun City da ci 1-5.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20070205055003/http://www.plusmarketsgroup.com/details.shtml?ISIN=GB0005599336</ref> Zamanin Manchester City na ci gaba da fafatawa a gasa ya zo daidai da tuhume-tuhume da kuma a lokuta da dama da aka samu na keta dokokin Financial Fair Play (FFP) da dokokin Premier League. A cikin 2014, Manchester City ta kasance batun yarjejeniyar sasantawa da UEFA wanda, a cikin matakai da yawa, an sanya iyaka kan adadin 'yan wasan da za su iya yin rajista a cikin jerin sunayen 'yan wasan na UEFA da kuma adadin da za a iya kashewa. a kan canja wuri da kuɗin fa'idar ma'aikata, an kuma bayar da tarar.<ref>https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/10-things-you-need-know-about-manchester-clubs-humble-beginnings</ref> A cikin 2017, Premier League ta ci tarar Manchester City tare da dakatar da siyan wasu 'yan wasa na makarantar shekaru biyu bayan da aka same su da karya dokokin ci gaban matasa. A shekarar 2020, Kotun sauraron kararrakin wasanni (CAS) ta yanke hukuncin cewa wasu takunkumin da UEFA ta sanyawa kulob din bai dace ba, wanda hakan ya yi watsi da dakatarwar da City ta yi na tsawon shekaru biyu a Turai, amma duk da haka ta gano cewa kulob din ya keta ka'idojin UEFA ta hanyar rashin bayar da hadin kai da kuma kawo cikas ga kungiyar. bincike, kuma saboda wannan "tsanani mai tsanani" ya ci tarar kulob din. A cikin 2023, Premier League ta ba da sanarwar nata binciken zargin da ake yi wa Manchester City, inda take tuhumar kungiyar da keta dokokin FFP har 115 har zuwa kakar wasa ta 2017-18. ===Tarihin gasar=== *1892–1899 Division 2 (L2) *1899–1902 Division 1 (L1) *1902–1903 Division 2 (L2) *1903–1909 Division 1 (L1) *1909–1910 Division 2 (L2) *1910–1926 Division 1 (L1) *1926–1928 Division 2 (L2) *1928–1938 Division 1 (L1) *1938–1947 Division 2 (L2) *1947–1950 Division 1 (L1) *1950–1951 Division 2 (L2) *1951–1963 Division 1 (L1) *1963–1966 Division 2 (L2) *1966–1983 Division 1 (L1) *1983–1985 Division 2 (L2) *1985–1987 Division 1 (L1) *1987–1989 Division 2 (L2) *1989–1992 Division 1 (L1) *1992–1996 Premier League (L1) *1996–1998 Division 1 (L2) *1998–1999 Division 2 (L3) *1999–2000 Division 1 (2) *2000–2001 Premier League (L1) *2001–2002 Division 1 (L2) *2002– Premier League (L1) ==Launuka da kuma Alamun Kulob== Launukan gidan Manchester City shuɗi ne da fari. Launukan kit na gargajiya sun kasance ko dai maroon ko (daga shekarun 1960) ja da baki; duk da haka, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan an yi amfani da launuka da dama. Ba a san asalin launukan gidan kulob din ba, amma akwai alamun cewa kulob din ya sanya shudi tun 1892 ko kuma baya. Wani ɗan littafi mai suna Shahararrun Kungiyoyin Kwallon Kafa - Manchester City wanda aka buga a shekarun 1940 ya nuna cewa West Gorton (St. Marks) tun asali tana wasa da ja da baki, kuma rahotanni daga 1884 sun bayyana ƙungiyar sanye da baƙaƙen riga mai ɗauke da farar giciye, wanda ke nuna asalin ƙungiyar kamar haka. gefen coci. Yin amfani da launin ja da baƙar fata ba safai ba har yanzu ya fito ne daga imanin tsohon mataimakin manajan Malcolm Allison cewa ɗaukar launukan AC Milan zai ƙarfafa City ga ɗaukaka. Alamar Allison da alama yana aiki, tare da City ta lashe gasar cin kofin FA 1969, da 1970 kofin cin Kofin Jikiriku a 1970 yayin da ake adawa da Kungiyar Sky Blue. ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:City, Manchester}} [[Category: Kungiyoyi kwallon kafa]] 8xe2lea2canhs7pt2fu9yp85hynett0 878630 878629 2026-07-07T18:59:47Z Abdulmuddalib Iabrahim Salisu 14681 878630 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Manchester United FC - Manchester City FC, 25 October 2015 - 27.JPG|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 16.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 12.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 13.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 24.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 04.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 22.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester City FC trophies displayed at the Renzo Barbera Stadium 03.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester City FC trophies displayed at the Renzo Barbera Stadium 02.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:City of Manchester external view.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester United FC - Manchester City FC, 25 October 2015 - 04.JPG|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 10.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:City of Manchester Stadium Wikivoyage banner.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 27.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Arsenal vs Manchester City (2013).jpg|thumb]] '''Manchester City Football Club''' akan takaita sunan zuwa '''Man City''', ta kasance kulob ɗin ƙwararrun ƴan ƙwallon ƙafa ne dake zaune a garin [[Manchester]], England, UK, suna fafatawa a gasar [[Premier League]], babban gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar England. Manchester City ta fara amfani da kayan sawanta na gida mai launin girgije tun acikin shekarar 1894, kuma shi ne kakar ƙungiyar na farko da ta fara amfani da sunan ta na yanzu. Kulob ɗin ta lashe kofin league guda goma (wanda huɗu daga ciki a jere ta lashe su acikin shekara ta 2020-zuwa cikin shekara ta 2024 wanda hakan yasa ta zama ƙungiya ta farko da ta yi irin haka a tarihi) da lashe Kofin FA bakwai, da EFL takwas, FA Community Shield shida, Gasar UEFA Champions league ɗaya, da kuma European Cup Winners'Cup guda ɗaya. ==Tarihi== An kafa ƙungiyar acikin shekara ta alif ɗari takwas da tamanin 1880, ta shiga cikin gasar English Football League acikin shekara ta 1899,ta lashe babbar gasar na farko da Kofin FA|Kofin [[FIFA|fiFA]] a 1904 FA Cup Final shekara ta 1904. Sun samu nasarori a karshen shekara ta 1960s, inda suka lashe kofin League, fiFA Cup da League Cup a karkashin horarwar Joe Mercer da Malcolm Allison. Bayan rashin nasarar ta shekarar 1981 FA Cup Final, kulob din ta fada cikin rashin tagomashi,da samun Promotion and relegation|relegation har zuwa rukuni na uku a English football league system|English football. [[File:City of Manchester Stadium 2.jpg|thumb|Babban filin wasa na Manchester City ]] [[File:Josep Guardiola 2023-10-04 Fußball, Männer, UEFA Champions League, RB Leipzig - Manchester City FC 1DX 2797 (cropped).jpg|thumb|kocin Manchester City. Pep Guardiola.]] [[File:David Silva shaved Man City 2017 (36471171422) (cropped).jpg|thumb|Captain din Manchester city. David Silva]] Bayan dawowar su cikin gasar Premier League a shekara ta 2000s, An saida kulob din Manchester City acikin shekara ta 2008, wanda Abu Dhabi United Group suka saya a £210&nbsp;million, da samun sa jari da dama. Kulob ta samu nasarar lashe gasa da dama a tsakanin shekarun 2010s, kuma suka zama Kulob ta farko da ta samu kaiwa maki Premier League records and statistics#Points|100 points a kakar gasar [[premier league]]. Kudin shigar kulub din Manchester City shine na biyar a Deloitte Football Money League|fifth highest a duniya a tsakanin shekara ta 2017–har zuwa zuwa cikin shekara ta 2018 na kakar gasa, wanda yakai €527.7&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.deloitte.com/uk/en/pages/sports-business-group/articles/deloitte-football-money-league.html|title=Deloitte Football Money League 2018|date=23 January 2018|accessdate=23 January 2018|publisher=Deloitte}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://uk.businessinsider.com/the-20-most-popular-rich-list-football-teams-on-social-media-2018-8/#10-manchester-city-493-million-followers-11 |title=UK Business Insider |access-date=2019-01-26 |archive-date=2018-11-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181118041429/http://uk.businessinsider.com/the-20-most-popular-rich-list-football-teams-on-social-media-2018-8#10-manchester-city-493-million-followers-11 |url-status=dead }}</ref> acikin shekara ta 2018, kulub din ita ce na Biyar a Forbes' list of the most valuable football clubs|fifth most valuable a duniya da kudin da suka kai $2.47&nbsp;billion.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/mikeozanian/2018/06/12/the-worlds-most-valuable-soccer-teams-2018/#3dddb7c845c8|title=The World's Most Valuable Soccer Teams 2018|last=Ozanian|first=Mike|work=Forbes}}</ref>. [[File:2011 FA Cup Final Victory Parade (4).jpg|thumb|kungiyar Manchester City kenan a lokacin murnar lashe kofin FA acikin shekara ta 2011]] Kulub din nada babban hamayya sosai tsakanin ta da takwarar ta [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] a wasa tsakanin su da ake kira da Manchester Derby. ===Shekarun farko da nasarorin farko=== City ta sami karramawar farko ta hanyar cin nasara a rukuni na biyu acikin shekara ta 1899; tare da samun ci gaba zuwa matsayi mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingilishi, Rukunin Farko. Sun ci gaba da neman babbar karramawarsu ta farko a ranar 23 ga Afrilun shekara ta 1904, inda suka doke Bolton Wanderers 1–0 a Crystal Palace don lashe kofin FA; 'Yan wasan Blues sun yi rashin nasara a gasar League da Cup sau biyu a waccan kakar bayan sun kammala gasar zakarun Turai, amma duk da haka sun zama kulob na farko a Manchester da suka samu babbar daraja.Acikin shekarun da suka biyo bayan nasarar cin kofin FA, kulob din ya fuskanci zarge zarge na rashin bin ka'ida, wanda ya kai ga dakatar da 'yan wasa goma sha bakwai acikin shekara ta 1906, ciki har da kyaftin Billy Meredith, wanda daga baya ya wuce garin zuwa Manchester United. Wuta a hanyar Hyde ta lalata babbar tashar acikin shekara ta 1920, kuma a cikin shekara ta 1923 ƙungiyar ta koma sabon filin wasansu da aka gina a Maine Road a cikin Moss Side. A cikin shekarun 1930, Manchester City ta kai wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin FA sau biyu a jere, inda ta yi rashin nasara a hannun Everton acikin shekara ta 1933, kafin ta ci kofin da ta doke Portsmouth a 1934. A lokacin gudu na 1934, kulob din ya karya tarihin zuwa gida mafi girma na kowane kulob a kwallon kafa ta Ingila. tarihi, yayin da magoya bayan 84,569 suka cika titin Maine a gasar cin kofin FA zagaye na shida da Stoke City - tarihin da ya tsaya har zuwa 2016. Kungiyar ta lashe gasar rukunin farko a karon farko a cikin shekara ta 1937, amma an sake fitar da ita a kakar wasa ta gaba, duk da zura kwallaye a raga. fiye da kowace kungiya a rukunin. Shekaru 20 bayan haka, wata ƙungiyar Birni ta yi wahayi zuwa ga tsarin dabara da aka sani da Revie Plan ta sake kai wasan karshe a gasar cin kofin FA a jere, a 1955 da 1956; kamar yadda a cikin 1930s, suka yi rashin nasara na farko, a Newcastle United, kuma suka ci na biyu. Wasan karshe na 1956, wanda Blues ta doke [[Birmingham]] City 3–1, ya ga golan City Bert Trautmann ya ci gaba da taka leda bayan karya wuyansa da rashin sani. ===Zamanin tauraro na farko da kalubalen da suka biyo baya=== Bayan an koma mataki na biyu a cikin 1963, nan gaba ta yi kamar ba ta da kyau tare da ƙarancin halartan gida na 8,015 da Swindon Town a cikin Janairu 1965. A lokacin bazara na 1965, an nada ƙungiyar gudanarwa ta Joe Mercer da Malcolm Allison . A kakar wasa ta farko a karkashin Mercer, Manchester City ta lashe kambun Division na Biyu kuma ta sanya hannu mai mahimmanci a Mike Summerbee da Colin Bell. Bayan shekaru biyu, a cikin 1967–68, City ta yi nasarar lashe kofin gasar a karo na biyu, inda ta doke makwabciyarta Manchester United a gasar a ranar karshe ta kakar wasan da ci 4-3 a Newcastle United. Karin kofuna sun biyo baya: City ta lashe kofin FA a 1969 kuma bayan shekara guda ta yi nasara a gasar cin kofin Turai, inda ta doke Górnik Zabrze 2–1 a 1970 na wasan karshe. Wannan ita ce karramawar da kulob din ya samu a Turai har zuwa nasarar da suka samu a gasar zakarun Turai ta 2022-23. Har ila yau, Blues ta lashe gasar cin kofin League a waccan shekarar, inda ta zama tawagar Ingila ta biyu da ta lashe kofin Turai da kofin gida a kakar wasa guda. Kulob din ya ci gaba da kalubalantar daukaka a cikin shekarun 1970s, inda ya kammala maki daya a bayan zakarun gasar a lokuta biyu kuma ya kai wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin League na 1974. Daya daga cikin wasannin na wannan lokacin da magoya bayan Manchester City ke tunawa da su shi ne wasan karshe na kakar 1973-74 da abokan hamayyarta na Manchester United, wadanda ke bukatar yin nasara don samun wani begen gujewa faduwa. Tsohon dan wasan United Denis Law ya zura kwallo da diddige don bai wa City nasara da ci 1-0 a Old Trafford da kuma tabbatar da faduwa daga abokan hamayyarsu. Kofin karshe na lokacin da ya fi samun nasara a kungiyar a karni na 20 an ci shi ne a shekarar 1976, lokacin da aka doke Newcastle United da ci 2-1 a wasan karshe na cin kofin League. Wani dogon lokaci na biyo bayan nasarar shekarun 1960 da 1970. Malcolm Allison ya koma kulob din ya zama koci karo na biyu a shekarar 1979, amma ya yi almubazzaranci da makudan kudade kan sa hannu da dama da ba su yi nasara ba, irin su Steve Daley. Bayan haka, wasu manajoji sun biyo baya - bakwai a cikin 1980s kadai. Karkashin John Bond, City ta kai wasan karshe na cin kofin FA na 1981 amma ta sha kashi a karawar da Tottenham Hotspur ta yi. Sau biyu kulob din ya yi fice daga matakin farko a cikin shekarun 1980 (a cikin 1983 da 1987), amma kuma ya koma mataki na farko a 1989 kuma ya kare a matsayi na biyar a 1991 da 1992 a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Peter Reid. Koyaya, wannan ɗan hutu ne kawai, kuma bayan tafiyar Reid dukiyar Manchester City ta ci gaba da dusashewa. City ta kasance masu kafa ƙungiyar Premier League bayan ƙirƙirar ta a 1992, amma bayan da ta kare a matsayi na tara a kakar wasan farko, sun yi fama da gwagwarmaya na shekaru uku kafin a sake su a 1996. mafi ƙasƙanci a tarihin su, zama na biyu da suka lashe kofin Turai da aka sake komawa gasar rukuni-rukuni na ƙasarsu bayan 1. FC Magdeburg ta [[Jamus]]. ===Farfadowa ta biyu=== Bayan da aka tashi daga gasar, kulob din ya fuskanci tashe-tashen hankula a waje, tare da sabon shugaban David Bernstein ya gabatar da ingantaccen tsarin kasafin kudi. Karkashin kociyan Joe Royle, City ta sami daukaka a yunkurin farko, wanda aka samu ta hanyar ban mamaki a wasan karshe na rukuni na biyu da Gillingham. Matsayin ci gaba na biyu a jere ya ga City ta koma mataki na gaba, amma wannan ya zama mataki mai nisa ga ƙungiyar da ke murmurewa, kuma a cikin 2001 An sake komawa City sau ɗaya. Kevin Keegan ya maye gurbin Royle a matsayin koci a ƙarshen kakar wasa ta ƙarshe, kuma ya samu koma baya nan da nan zuwa babban rukuni yayin da ƙungiyar ta lashe gasar rukunin farko ta 2001-2002, ta karya tarihin ƙungiyar na yawan maki da aka zura a raga a kakar wasa ɗaya a gasar. tsari. Kakar 2002–03 ita ce ta ƙarshe a Maine Road kuma ta haɗa da 3-1 derby nasara akan abokan hammayarsu Manchester United, wanda ya kawo karshen shekara 13 da aka yi ba tare da nasara ba. Bugu da ƙari, City ta cancanci shiga gasar Turai a karon farko cikin shekaru 25 ta hanyar UEFA fair play ranking. A karshen kakar wasa ta 2003–04, kulob din ya koma sabon City na filin wasa na Manchester. Shekaru hudu na farko a filin wasa duk sun haifar da kammala tsakiyar tebur. Tsohon manajan Ingila Sven-Göran Eriksson ya zama kociyan kungiyar na kasashen waje na farko lokacin da aka nada shi a shekarar 2007. Bayan fara wasa mai kyau, wasan kwaikwayo ya dusashe a rabin na biyu na kakar wasa, kuma an kori Eriksson a ranar 2 ga Yuni 2008; Mark Hughes ya maye gurbinsa bayan kwana biyu. A shekara ta 2008, Manchester City ta kasance cikin mawuyacin hali na rashin kuɗi. Thaksin Shinawatra ya karbi ragamar kulab din a shekarar da ta gabata, amma fafutukar siyasarsa ta ga kadarorinsa sun daskare. Sannan, a cikin Agusta 2008, Ƙungiyar Abu Dhabi United ta sayi Birni. Taken ya biyo bayan yunƙurin neman manyan ‘yan wasa; Kulob din ya karya tarihin sayan 'yan wasa na Biritaniya ta hanyar siyan Robinho dan kasar [[Brazil]] daga Real Madrid kan fan miliyan 32.5. Ba a samu wani gagarumin ci gaba ba idan aka kwatanta da kakar da ta gabata duk da kwararar kudi duk da haka, kungiyar ta kare a mataki na goma, duk da cewa ta yi rawar gani ta kai wasan daf da na kusa da karshe a gasar cin kofin UEFA. A lokacin bazara na 2009, ƙungiyar ta ɗauki kashe kuɗin canja wuri zuwa matakin da ba a taɓa gani ba, tare da kashe sama da fam miliyan 100 akan 'yan wasa Gareth Barry, Roque Santa Cruz, Kolo Touré, Emmanuel Adebayor, Carlos Tevez, da Joleon Lescott. A cikin Disamba 2009, Mark Hughes - wanda aka ɗauke shi aiki jim kaɗan kafin canjin ikon mallakar amma tun asali sabuwar hukumar ta riƙe shi - Roberto Mancini ya maye gurbinsa a matsayin manaja. City ta kammala kakar wasa a matsayi na biyar a gasar Premier, da kyar ta rasa gurbin shiga gasar zakarun Turai amma ta cancanci shiga gasar UEFA Europa League. ===Zaman tauraro na biyu da zuwan Pep Guardiola=== Ci gaba da saka hannun jari a cikin 'yan wasa ya biyo baya a lokuta masu zuwa, kuma sakamakon ya fara daidai da haɓakar ingancin ɗan wasa. City ta kai wasan karshe na cin kofin FA a shekarar 2011, babban wasan karshe na farko cikin sama da shekaru 30, bayan da ta doke abokiyar hamayyarta Manchester United a wasan kusa da na karshe, karo na farko da ta fitar da abokiyar karawarta daga gasar cin kofin tun 1975. Blues ta doke Stoke. City 1–0 a wasan karshe, inda ta samu nasarar cin kofin FA karo na biyar da kuma babban kofi na farko da kungiyar ta lashe tun bayan lashe kofin League na 1976. A ranar karshe ta kakar 2010-2011, City ta doke [[Arsenal F.C.]] a matsayi na uku, ta yadda ta samu cancantar shiga gasar zakarun Turai kai tsaye a group stage. An ci gaba da yin wasanni masu ƙarfi da kuma cimma nasarori a kakar wasa ta 2011–12, gami da nasarar da suka yi da Tottenham da ci 5–1 a White Hart Lane da kuma nasarar da ta yi daidai da 6–1 a kan Manchester United a Old Trafford, amma rashin kyawun tsari a rabin na biyu kakar wasan dai ya bar City a matsayi na biyu da maki takwas tsakaninta da United saura wasanni shida kacal a buga. A wannan lokacin, United ta yi rashin nasara a kan ta, inda ta yi kasa da maki takwas a cikin wasanni hudu, yayin da City ta fara samun nasara a jere, wanda ya sa kungiyoyin biyu suka tashi da maki daya saura wasanni biyu. Duk da Buluwa kawai suna bukatar nasara a gida da Queens Park Rangers, kungiya a yankin relegation, sun fadi a baya da ci 1-2 a karshen lokacin al'ada. Duk da haka, kwallaye biyu da aka zura a lokacin rauni – na biyu da Sergio Agüero ya zura a cikin minti na hudu da aka kara - ya daidaita kambin da City ta samu, wanda hakan ya sanya ta zama kungiya ta farko da ta lashe gasar Premier da maki kadai. A kakar wasa ta gaba, City ta kasa yin kwafin nasarar da ta samu a shekarar da ta gabata. Bayan kammala gasar ta biyu a gasar, maki goma sha daya a bayan Manchester United, da rashin nasara a gasar cin kofin FA 0–1 a hannun Wigan Athletic da ta koma mataki na daya, an kori Mancini. Manajan Chilean Manuel Pellegrini ne ya maye gurbinsa. A shekarar farko ta Pellegrini, City ta lashe kofin League kuma ta sake samun kofin Premier a ranar wasan karshe na kakar wasa. Tsarin gasar kungiyar sannan sannu a hankali ya ragu cikin shekaru biyu masu zuwa, yayin da Blues din ta kare a matsayi na biyu a 2014–15 sannan ta koma ta hudu a cikin 2015–16, kodayake kakar 2015–16 za ta ga City ta lashe wani kofin gasar Gasar Zakarun Turai na kusa da na karshe a karon farko. Pep Guardiola, tsohon kocin Barcelona da Bayern Munich, an tabbatar da zama sabon kocin Manchester City a ranar 1 ga Fabrairun 2016, tare da sanar da sanarwar watanni da yawa kafin Manuel Pellegrini ya bar mukaminsa. Kakar farko ta Guardiola a Manchester za ta kawo karshen gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai, inda Blues ke matsayi na uku a kan teburin gasar, amma kakar wasan da ta biyo baya ta samu nasara sosai, yayin da City ta lashe kofin Premier da maki mafi girma a tarihi tare da karya wasu kungiyoyi da na Ingila da dama. rubuce-rubuce a kan hanya. Wannan zai zama farkon nasarar da Manchester City ta samu a karkashin Guardiola. Tsakanin wasannin 2017-18 da 2022-23 na gasar Premier, City ta lashe kofunan lig biyar cikin shida, inda ta zo ta biyu a bayan Liverpool a kakar wasa ta 2019-20. Guardiola ya kuma jagoranci Blues zuwa gasar cin kofin gida, wanda aka haskaka ta nasarar cin Kofin League guda hudu a jere a 2018-2021. A lokacin kakar 2018-2019, City ta kammala babban gasar cikin gida da ba a taɓa gani ba na taken maza na Ingilishi. Baya ga lashe dukkanin manyan gasa uku na gasar kwallon kafa ta Ingila, sun kuma lashe Garkuwar Jama'a, wanda shi ne karon farko da kowace kungiya ta taba rike dukkan kofunan kwallon kafa hudu na Ingila a lokaci guda. A matakin nahiyar, kulob din ya samu ci gaba a cikin 2020-21, inda ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Zakarun Turai na farko. A cikin duk wani al'amari na Turanci, City ta yi rashin nasara 0-1 a Chelsea a Estádio do Dragão a [[Porto]].<ref>http://www.heraldsun.com.au/sport/football/the-resources-and-power-of-sheikh-mansoor-makes-this-deal-a-seismic-moment-for-the-aleague/story-fni2wcjl-1226808309758</ref> Kakar 2022-23 ta zama mafi girma a tarihin ƙungiyar, yayin da Manchester City ta lashe kofin Premier karo na uku a jere, da gasar cin kofin FA da abokiyar hamayyarta Manchester United, da kuma kofin gasar zakarun Turai na farko a filin wasa na Olympics na Atatürk da ke Istanbul Inter [[Milano|Milan]], ta haka ne ke haɗa wani abu mai wuyar gaske - wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na nahiyar. Hanyar cin kofin zakarun Turai ya hada da nasarar da Bayern Munich ta yi a Turai, wadda ta sha kashi da ci 4-1, da kuma Real Madrid, wadda ta sha kashi a hannun City da ci 1-5.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20070205055003/http://www.plusmarketsgroup.com/details.shtml?ISIN=GB0005599336</ref> Zamanin Manchester City na ci gaba da fafatawa a gasa ya zo daidai da tuhume-tuhume da kuma a lokuta da dama da aka samu na keta dokokin Financial Fair Play (FFP) da dokokin Premier League. A cikin 2014, Manchester City ta kasance batun yarjejeniyar sasantawa da UEFA wanda, a cikin matakai da yawa, an sanya iyaka kan adadin 'yan wasan da za su iya yin rajista a cikin jerin sunayen 'yan wasan na UEFA da kuma adadin da za a iya kashewa. a kan canja wuri da kuɗin fa'idar ma'aikata, an kuma bayar da tarar.<ref>https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/10-things-you-need-know-about-manchester-clubs-humble-beginnings</ref> A cikin 2017, Premier League ta ci tarar Manchester City tare da dakatar da siyan wasu 'yan wasa na makarantar shekaru biyu bayan da aka same su da karya dokokin ci gaban matasa. A shekarar 2020, Kotun sauraron kararrakin wasanni (CAS) ta yanke hukuncin cewa wasu takunkumin da UEFA ta sanyawa kulob din bai dace ba, wanda hakan ya yi watsi da dakatarwar da City ta yi na tsawon shekaru biyu a Turai, amma duk da haka ta gano cewa kulob din ya keta ka'idojin UEFA ta hanyar rashin bayar da hadin kai da kuma kawo cikas ga kungiyar. bincike, kuma saboda wannan "tsanani mai tsanani" ya ci tarar kulob din. A cikin 2023, Premier League ta ba da sanarwar nata binciken zargin da ake yi wa Manchester City, inda take tuhumar kungiyar da keta dokokin FFP har 115 har zuwa kakar wasa ta 2017-18. ===Tarihin gasar=== *1892–1899 Division 2 (L2) *1899–1902 Division 1 (L1) *1902–1903 Division 2 (L2) *1903–1909 Division 1 (L1) *1909–1910 Division 2 (L2) *1910–1926 Division 1 (L1) *1926–1928 Division 2 (L2) *1928–1938 Division 1 (L1) *1938–1947 Division 2 (L2) *1947–1950 Division 1 (L1) *1950–1951 Division 2 (L2) *1951–1963 Division 1 (L1) *1963–1966 Division 2 (L2) *1966–1983 Division 1 (L1) *1983–1985 Division 2 (L2) *1985–1987 Division 1 (L1) *1987–1989 Division 2 (L2) *1989–1992 Division 1 (L1) *1992–1996 Premier League (L1) *1996–1998 Division 1 (L2) *1998–1999 Division 2 (L3) *1999–2000 Division 1 (2) *2000–2001 Premier League (L1) *2001–2002 Division 1 (L2) *2002– Premier League (L1) ==Launuka da kuma Alamun Kulob== Launukan gidan Manchester City shuɗi ne da fari. Launukan kit na gargajiya sun kasance ko dai maroon ko (daga shekarun 1960) ja da baki; duk da haka, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan an yi amfani da launuka da dama. Ba a san asalin launukan gidan kulob din ba, amma akwai alamun cewa kulob din ya sanya shudi tun 1892 ko kuma baya. Wani ɗan littafi mai suna Shahararrun Kungiyoyin Kwallon Kafa - Manchester City wanda aka buga a shekarun 1940 ya nuna cewa West Gorton (St. Marks) tun asali tana wasa da ja da baki, kuma rahotanni daga 1884 sun bayyana ƙungiyar sanye da baƙaƙen riga mai ɗauke da farar giciye, wanda ke nuna asalin ƙungiyar kamar haka. gefen coci. Yin amfani da launin ja da baƙar fata ba safai ba har yanzu ya fito ne daga imanin tsohon mataimakin manajan Malcolm Allison cewa ɗaukar launukan AC Milan zai ƙarfafa City ga ɗaukaka. Alamar Allison da alama yana aiki, tare da City ta lashe gasar cin kofin FA 1969, da 1970 kofin cin Kofin Jikiriku a 1970 yayin da ake adawa da Kungiyar Sky Blue. ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:City, Manchester}} [[Category: Kungiyoyi kwallon kafa]] lzbf67asn8iz0pdtzksda8z0irg727a 878631 878630 2026-07-07T19:01:06Z Abdulmuddalib Iabrahim Salisu 14681 878631 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Manchester United FC - Manchester City FC, 25 October 2015 - 27.JPG|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 16.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 12.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 13.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 24.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 04.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 22.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester City FC trophies displayed at the Renzo Barbera Stadium 03.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester City FC trophies displayed at the Renzo Barbera Stadium 02.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:City of Manchester external view.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester United FC - Manchester City FC, 25 October 2015 - 04.JPG|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 10.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:City of Manchester Stadium Wikivoyage banner.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 27.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Arsenal vs Manchester City (2013).jpg|thumb]] '''Manchester City Football Club''' akan takaita sunan zuwa '''Man City''', ta kasance kulob ɗin ƙwararrun ƴan ƙwallon ƙafa ne dake zaune a garin [[Manchester]], England, UK, suna fafatawa a gasar [[Premier League]], babban gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar England. Manchester City ta fara amfani da kayan sawanta na gida mai launin girgije tun acikin shekarar 1894, kuma shi ne kakar ƙungiyar na farko da ta fara amfani da sunan ta na yanzu. Kulob ɗin ta lashe kofin league guda goma (wanda huɗu daga ciki a jere ta lashe su acikin shekara ta 2020-zuwa cikin shekara ta 2024 wanda hakan yasa ta zama ƙungiya ta farko da ta yi irin haka a tarihi) da lashe Kofin FA bakwai, da EFL takwas, FA Community Shield shida, Gasar UEFA Champions league ɗaya, da kuma European Cup Winners'Cup guda ɗaya. ==Tarihi== An kafa ƙungiyar acikin shekara ta alif ɗari takwas da tamanin 1880, ta shiga cikin gasar English Football League acikin shekara ta 1899,ta lashe babbar gasar na farko da Kofin FA|Kofin [[FIFA|fiFA]] a 1904 FA Cup Final shekara ta 1904. Sun samu nasarori a karshen shekara ta 1960s, inda suka lashe kofin League, fiFA Cup da League Cup a karkashin horarwar Joe Mercer da Malcolm Allison. Bayan rashin nasarar ta shekarar 1981 FA Cup Final, kulob din ta fada cikin rashin tagomashi,da samun Promotion and relegation|relegation har zuwa rukuni na uku a English football league system|English football. [[File:City of Manchester Stadium 2.jpg|thumb|Babban filin wasa na Manchester City ]] [[File:Josep Guardiola 2023-10-04 Fußball, Männer, UEFA Champions League, RB Leipzig - Manchester City FC 1DX 2797 (cropped).jpg|thumb|kocin Manchester City. Pep Guardiola.]] [[File:David Silva shaved Man City 2017 (36471171422) (cropped).jpg|thumb|Captain din Manchester city. David Silva]] Bayan dawowar su cikin gasar Premier League a shekara ta 2000s, An saida kulob din Manchester City acikin shekara ta 2008, wanda Abu Dhabi United Group suka saya a £210&nbsp;million, da samun sa jari da dama. Kulob ta samu nasarar lashe gasa da dama a tsakanin shekarun 2010s, kuma suka zama Kulob ta farko da ta samu kaiwa maki Premier League records and statistics#Points|100 points a kakar gasar [[premier league]]. Kudin shigar kulub din Manchester City shine na biyar a Deloitte Football Money League|fifth highest a duniya a tsakanin shekara ta 2017–har zuwa zuwa cikin shekara ta 2018 na kakar gasa, wanda yakai €527.7&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.deloitte.com/uk/en/pages/sports-business-group/articles/deloitte-football-money-league.html|title=Deloitte Football Money League 2018|date=23 January 2018|accessdate=23 January 2018|publisher=Deloitte}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://uk.businessinsider.com/the-20-most-popular-rich-list-football-teams-on-social-media-2018-8/#10-manchester-city-493-million-followers-11 |title=UK Business Insider |access-date=2019-01-26 |archive-date=2018-11-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181118041429/http://uk.businessinsider.com/the-20-most-popular-rich-list-football-teams-on-social-media-2018-8#10-manchester-city-493-million-followers-11 |url-status=dead }}</ref> acikin shekara ta 2018, kulub din ita ce na Biyar a Forbes' list of the most valuable football clubs|fifth most valuable a duniya da kudin da suka kai $2.47&nbsp;billion.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/mikeozanian/2018/06/12/the-worlds-most-valuable-soccer-teams-2018/#3dddb7c845c8|title=The World's Most Valuable Soccer Teams 2018|last=Ozanian|first=Mike|work=Forbes}}</ref>. [[File:2011 FA Cup Final Victory Parade (4).jpg|thumb|kungiyar Manchester City kenan a lokacin murnar lashe kofin FA acikin shekara ta 2011]] Kulub din nada babban hamayya sosai tsakanin ta da takwarar ta [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] a wasa tsakanin su da ake kira da Manchester Derby. ===Shekarun farko da nasarorin farko=== City ta sami karramawar farko ta hanyar cin nasara a rukuni na biyu acikin shekara ta 1899; tare da samun ci gaba zuwa matsayi mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingilishi, Rukunin Farko. Sun ci gaba da neman babbar karramawarsu ta farko a ranar 23 ga watan Afrilun shekara ta 1904, inda suka doke Bolton Wanderers 1–0 a Crystal Palace don lashe kofin FA; 'Yan wasan Blues sun yi rashin nasara a gasar League da Cup sau biyu a waccan kakar bayan sun kammala gasar zakarun Turai, amma duk da haka sun zama kulob na farko a Manchester da suka samu babbar daraja.Acikin shekarun da suka biyo bayan nasarar cin kofin FA, kulob din ya fuskanci zarge zarge na rashin bin ka'ida, wanda ya kai ga dakatar da 'yan wasa goma sha bakwai acikin shekara ta 1906, ciki har da kyaftin Billy Meredith, wanda daga baya ya wuce garin zuwa Manchester United. Wuta a hanyar Hyde ta lalata babbar tashar acikin shekara ta 1920, kuma a cikin shekara ta 1923 ƙungiyar ta koma sabon filin wasansu da aka gina a Maine Road a cikin Moss Side. A cikin shekarun 1930, Manchester City ta kai wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin FA sau biyu a jere, inda ta yi rashin nasara a hannun Everton acikin shekara ta 1933, kafin ta ci kofin da ta doke Portsmouth a 1934. A lokacin gudu na 1934, kulob din ya karya tarihin zuwa gida mafi girma na kowane kulob a kwallon kafa ta Ingila. tarihi, yayin da magoya bayan 84,569 suka cika titin Maine a gasar cin kofin FA zagaye na shida da Stoke City - tarihin da ya tsaya har zuwa 2016. Kungiyar ta lashe gasar rukunin farko a karon farko a cikin shekara ta 1937, amma an sake fitar da ita a kakar wasa ta gaba, duk da zura kwallaye a raga. fiye da kowace kungiya a rukunin. Shekaru 20 bayan haka, wata ƙungiyar Birni ta yi wahayi zuwa ga tsarin dabara da aka sani da Revie Plan ta sake kai wasan karshe a gasar cin kofin FA a jere, a 1955 da 1956; kamar yadda a cikin 1930s, suka yi rashin nasara na farko, a Newcastle United, kuma suka ci na biyu. Wasan karshe na 1956, wanda Blues ta doke [[Birmingham]] City 3–1, ya ga golan City Bert Trautmann ya ci gaba da taka leda bayan karya wuyansa da rashin sani. ===Zamanin tauraro na farko da kalubalen da suka biyo baya=== Bayan an koma mataki na biyu a cikin 1963, nan gaba ta yi kamar ba ta da kyau tare da ƙarancin halartan gida na 8,015 da Swindon Town a cikin Janairu 1965. A lokacin bazara na 1965, an nada ƙungiyar gudanarwa ta Joe Mercer da Malcolm Allison . A kakar wasa ta farko a karkashin Mercer, Manchester City ta lashe kambun Division na Biyu kuma ta sanya hannu mai mahimmanci a Mike Summerbee da Colin Bell. Bayan shekaru biyu, a cikin 1967–68, City ta yi nasarar lashe kofin gasar a karo na biyu, inda ta doke makwabciyarta Manchester United a gasar a ranar karshe ta kakar wasan da ci 4-3 a Newcastle United. Karin kofuna sun biyo baya: City ta lashe kofin FA a 1969 kuma bayan shekara guda ta yi nasara a gasar cin kofin Turai, inda ta doke Górnik Zabrze 2–1 a 1970 na wasan karshe. Wannan ita ce karramawar da kulob din ya samu a Turai har zuwa nasarar da suka samu a gasar zakarun Turai ta 2022-23. Har ila yau, Blues ta lashe gasar cin kofin League a waccan shekarar, inda ta zama tawagar Ingila ta biyu da ta lashe kofin Turai da kofin gida a kakar wasa guda. Kulob din ya ci gaba da kalubalantar daukaka a cikin shekarun 1970s, inda ya kammala maki daya a bayan zakarun gasar a lokuta biyu kuma ya kai wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin League na 1974. Daya daga cikin wasannin na wannan lokacin da magoya bayan Manchester City ke tunawa da su shi ne wasan karshe na kakar 1973-74 da abokan hamayyarta na Manchester United, wadanda ke bukatar yin nasara don samun wani begen gujewa faduwa. Tsohon dan wasan United Denis Law ya zura kwallo da diddige don bai wa City nasara da ci 1-0 a Old Trafford da kuma tabbatar da faduwa daga abokan hamayyarsu. Kofin karshe na lokacin da ya fi samun nasara a kungiyar a karni na 20 an ci shi ne a shekarar 1976, lokacin da aka doke Newcastle United da ci 2-1 a wasan karshe na cin kofin League. Wani dogon lokaci na biyo bayan nasarar shekarun 1960 da 1970. Malcolm Allison ya koma kulob din ya zama koci karo na biyu a shekarar 1979, amma ya yi almubazzaranci da makudan kudade kan sa hannu da dama da ba su yi nasara ba, irin su Steve Daley. Bayan haka, wasu manajoji sun biyo baya - bakwai a cikin 1980s kadai. Karkashin John Bond, City ta kai wasan karshe na cin kofin FA na 1981 amma ta sha kashi a karawar da Tottenham Hotspur ta yi. Sau biyu kulob din ya yi fice daga matakin farko a cikin shekarun 1980 (a cikin 1983 da 1987), amma kuma ya koma mataki na farko a 1989 kuma ya kare a matsayi na biyar a 1991 da 1992 a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Peter Reid. Koyaya, wannan ɗan hutu ne kawai, kuma bayan tafiyar Reid dukiyar Manchester City ta ci gaba da dusashewa. City ta kasance masu kafa ƙungiyar Premier League bayan ƙirƙirar ta a 1992, amma bayan da ta kare a matsayi na tara a kakar wasan farko, sun yi fama da gwagwarmaya na shekaru uku kafin a sake su a 1996. mafi ƙasƙanci a tarihin su, zama na biyu da suka lashe kofin Turai da aka sake komawa gasar rukuni-rukuni na ƙasarsu bayan 1. FC Magdeburg ta [[Jamus]]. ===Farfadowa ta biyu=== Bayan da aka tashi daga gasar, kulob din ya fuskanci tashe-tashen hankula a waje, tare da sabon shugaban David Bernstein ya gabatar da ingantaccen tsarin kasafin kudi. Karkashin kociyan Joe Royle, City ta sami daukaka a yunkurin farko, wanda aka samu ta hanyar ban mamaki a wasan karshe na rukuni na biyu da Gillingham. Matsayin ci gaba na biyu a jere ya ga City ta koma mataki na gaba, amma wannan ya zama mataki mai nisa ga ƙungiyar da ke murmurewa, kuma a cikin 2001 An sake komawa City sau ɗaya. Kevin Keegan ya maye gurbin Royle a matsayin koci a ƙarshen kakar wasa ta ƙarshe, kuma ya samu koma baya nan da nan zuwa babban rukuni yayin da ƙungiyar ta lashe gasar rukunin farko ta 2001-2002, ta karya tarihin ƙungiyar na yawan maki da aka zura a raga a kakar wasa ɗaya a gasar. tsari. Kakar 2002–03 ita ce ta ƙarshe a Maine Road kuma ta haɗa da 3-1 derby nasara akan abokan hammayarsu Manchester United, wanda ya kawo karshen shekara 13 da aka yi ba tare da nasara ba. Bugu da ƙari, City ta cancanci shiga gasar Turai a karon farko cikin shekaru 25 ta hanyar UEFA fair play ranking. A karshen kakar wasa ta 2003–04, kulob din ya koma sabon City na filin wasa na Manchester. Shekaru hudu na farko a filin wasa duk sun haifar da kammala tsakiyar tebur. Tsohon manajan Ingila Sven-Göran Eriksson ya zama kociyan kungiyar na kasashen waje na farko lokacin da aka nada shi a shekarar 2007. Bayan fara wasa mai kyau, wasan kwaikwayo ya dusashe a rabin na biyu na kakar wasa, kuma an kori Eriksson a ranar 2 ga Yuni 2008; Mark Hughes ya maye gurbinsa bayan kwana biyu. A shekara ta 2008, Manchester City ta kasance cikin mawuyacin hali na rashin kuɗi. Thaksin Shinawatra ya karbi ragamar kulab din a shekarar da ta gabata, amma fafutukar siyasarsa ta ga kadarorinsa sun daskare. Sannan, a cikin Agusta 2008, Ƙungiyar Abu Dhabi United ta sayi Birni. Taken ya biyo bayan yunƙurin neman manyan ‘yan wasa; Kulob din ya karya tarihin sayan 'yan wasa na Biritaniya ta hanyar siyan Robinho dan kasar [[Brazil]] daga Real Madrid kan fan miliyan 32.5. Ba a samu wani gagarumin ci gaba ba idan aka kwatanta da kakar da ta gabata duk da kwararar kudi duk da haka, kungiyar ta kare a mataki na goma, duk da cewa ta yi rawar gani ta kai wasan daf da na kusa da karshe a gasar cin kofin UEFA. A lokacin bazara na 2009, ƙungiyar ta ɗauki kashe kuɗin canja wuri zuwa matakin da ba a taɓa gani ba, tare da kashe sama da fam miliyan 100 akan 'yan wasa Gareth Barry, Roque Santa Cruz, Kolo Touré, Emmanuel Adebayor, Carlos Tevez, da Joleon Lescott. A cikin Disamba 2009, Mark Hughes - wanda aka ɗauke shi aiki jim kaɗan kafin canjin ikon mallakar amma tun asali sabuwar hukumar ta riƙe shi - Roberto Mancini ya maye gurbinsa a matsayin manaja. City ta kammala kakar wasa a matsayi na biyar a gasar Premier, da kyar ta rasa gurbin shiga gasar zakarun Turai amma ta cancanci shiga gasar UEFA Europa League. ===Zaman tauraro na biyu da zuwan Pep Guardiola=== Ci gaba da saka hannun jari a cikin 'yan wasa ya biyo baya a lokuta masu zuwa, kuma sakamakon ya fara daidai da haɓakar ingancin ɗan wasa. City ta kai wasan karshe na cin kofin FA a shekarar 2011, babban wasan karshe na farko cikin sama da shekaru 30, bayan da ta doke abokiyar hamayyarta Manchester United a wasan kusa da na karshe, karo na farko da ta fitar da abokiyar karawarta daga gasar cin kofin tun 1975. Blues ta doke Stoke. City 1–0 a wasan karshe, inda ta samu nasarar cin kofin FA karo na biyar da kuma babban kofi na farko da kungiyar ta lashe tun bayan lashe kofin League na 1976. A ranar karshe ta kakar 2010-2011, City ta doke [[Arsenal F.C.]] a matsayi na uku, ta yadda ta samu cancantar shiga gasar zakarun Turai kai tsaye a group stage. An ci gaba da yin wasanni masu ƙarfi da kuma cimma nasarori a kakar wasa ta 2011–12, gami da nasarar da suka yi da Tottenham da ci 5–1 a White Hart Lane da kuma nasarar da ta yi daidai da 6–1 a kan Manchester United a Old Trafford, amma rashin kyawun tsari a rabin na biyu kakar wasan dai ya bar City a matsayi na biyu da maki takwas tsakaninta da United saura wasanni shida kacal a buga. A wannan lokacin, United ta yi rashin nasara a kan ta, inda ta yi kasa da maki takwas a cikin wasanni hudu, yayin da City ta fara samun nasara a jere, wanda ya sa kungiyoyin biyu suka tashi da maki daya saura wasanni biyu. Duk da Buluwa kawai suna bukatar nasara a gida da Queens Park Rangers, kungiya a yankin relegation, sun fadi a baya da ci 1-2 a karshen lokacin al'ada. Duk da haka, kwallaye biyu da aka zura a lokacin rauni – na biyu da Sergio Agüero ya zura a cikin minti na hudu da aka kara - ya daidaita kambin da City ta samu, wanda hakan ya sanya ta zama kungiya ta farko da ta lashe gasar Premier da maki kadai. A kakar wasa ta gaba, City ta kasa yin kwafin nasarar da ta samu a shekarar da ta gabata. Bayan kammala gasar ta biyu a gasar, maki goma sha daya a bayan Manchester United, da rashin nasara a gasar cin kofin FA 0–1 a hannun Wigan Athletic da ta koma mataki na daya, an kori Mancini. Manajan Chilean Manuel Pellegrini ne ya maye gurbinsa. A shekarar farko ta Pellegrini, City ta lashe kofin League kuma ta sake samun kofin Premier a ranar wasan karshe na kakar wasa. Tsarin gasar kungiyar sannan sannu a hankali ya ragu cikin shekaru biyu masu zuwa, yayin da Blues din ta kare a matsayi na biyu a 2014–15 sannan ta koma ta hudu a cikin 2015–16, kodayake kakar 2015–16 za ta ga City ta lashe wani kofin gasar Gasar Zakarun Turai na kusa da na karshe a karon farko. Pep Guardiola, tsohon kocin Barcelona da Bayern Munich, an tabbatar da zama sabon kocin Manchester City a ranar 1 ga Fabrairun 2016, tare da sanar da sanarwar watanni da yawa kafin Manuel Pellegrini ya bar mukaminsa. Kakar farko ta Guardiola a Manchester za ta kawo karshen gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai, inda Blues ke matsayi na uku a kan teburin gasar, amma kakar wasan da ta biyo baya ta samu nasara sosai, yayin da City ta lashe kofin Premier da maki mafi girma a tarihi tare da karya wasu kungiyoyi da na Ingila da dama. rubuce-rubuce a kan hanya. Wannan zai zama farkon nasarar da Manchester City ta samu a karkashin Guardiola. Tsakanin wasannin 2017-18 da 2022-23 na gasar Premier, City ta lashe kofunan lig biyar cikin shida, inda ta zo ta biyu a bayan Liverpool a kakar wasa ta 2019-20. Guardiola ya kuma jagoranci Blues zuwa gasar cin kofin gida, wanda aka haskaka ta nasarar cin Kofin League guda hudu a jere a 2018-2021. A lokacin kakar 2018-2019, City ta kammala babban gasar cikin gida da ba a taɓa gani ba na taken maza na Ingilishi. Baya ga lashe dukkanin manyan gasa uku na gasar kwallon kafa ta Ingila, sun kuma lashe Garkuwar Jama'a, wanda shi ne karon farko da kowace kungiya ta taba rike dukkan kofunan kwallon kafa hudu na Ingila a lokaci guda. A matakin nahiyar, kulob din ya samu ci gaba a cikin 2020-21, inda ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Zakarun Turai na farko. A cikin duk wani al'amari na Turanci, City ta yi rashin nasara 0-1 a Chelsea a Estádio do Dragão a [[Porto]].<ref>http://www.heraldsun.com.au/sport/football/the-resources-and-power-of-sheikh-mansoor-makes-this-deal-a-seismic-moment-for-the-aleague/story-fni2wcjl-1226808309758</ref> Kakar 2022-23 ta zama mafi girma a tarihin ƙungiyar, yayin da Manchester City ta lashe kofin Premier karo na uku a jere, da gasar cin kofin FA da abokiyar hamayyarta Manchester United, da kuma kofin gasar zakarun Turai na farko a filin wasa na Olympics na Atatürk da ke Istanbul Inter [[Milano|Milan]], ta haka ne ke haɗa wani abu mai wuyar gaske - wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na nahiyar. Hanyar cin kofin zakarun Turai ya hada da nasarar da Bayern Munich ta yi a Turai, wadda ta sha kashi da ci 4-1, da kuma Real Madrid, wadda ta sha kashi a hannun City da ci 1-5.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20070205055003/http://www.plusmarketsgroup.com/details.shtml?ISIN=GB0005599336</ref> Zamanin Manchester City na ci gaba da fafatawa a gasa ya zo daidai da tuhume-tuhume da kuma a lokuta da dama da aka samu na keta dokokin Financial Fair Play (FFP) da dokokin Premier League. A cikin 2014, Manchester City ta kasance batun yarjejeniyar sasantawa da UEFA wanda, a cikin matakai da yawa, an sanya iyaka kan adadin 'yan wasan da za su iya yin rajista a cikin jerin sunayen 'yan wasan na UEFA da kuma adadin da za a iya kashewa. a kan canja wuri da kuɗin fa'idar ma'aikata, an kuma bayar da tarar.<ref>https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/10-things-you-need-know-about-manchester-clubs-humble-beginnings</ref> A cikin 2017, Premier League ta ci tarar Manchester City tare da dakatar da siyan wasu 'yan wasa na makarantar shekaru biyu bayan da aka same su da karya dokokin ci gaban matasa. A shekarar 2020, Kotun sauraron kararrakin wasanni (CAS) ta yanke hukuncin cewa wasu takunkumin da UEFA ta sanyawa kulob din bai dace ba, wanda hakan ya yi watsi da dakatarwar da City ta yi na tsawon shekaru biyu a Turai, amma duk da haka ta gano cewa kulob din ya keta ka'idojin UEFA ta hanyar rashin bayar da hadin kai da kuma kawo cikas ga kungiyar. bincike, kuma saboda wannan "tsanani mai tsanani" ya ci tarar kulob din. A cikin 2023, Premier League ta ba da sanarwar nata binciken zargin da ake yi wa Manchester City, inda take tuhumar kungiyar da keta dokokin FFP har 115 har zuwa kakar wasa ta 2017-18. ===Tarihin gasar=== *1892–1899 Division 2 (L2) *1899–1902 Division 1 (L1) *1902–1903 Division 2 (L2) *1903–1909 Division 1 (L1) *1909–1910 Division 2 (L2) *1910–1926 Division 1 (L1) *1926–1928 Division 2 (L2) *1928–1938 Division 1 (L1) *1938–1947 Division 2 (L2) *1947–1950 Division 1 (L1) *1950–1951 Division 2 (L2) *1951–1963 Division 1 (L1) *1963–1966 Division 2 (L2) *1966–1983 Division 1 (L1) *1983–1985 Division 2 (L2) *1985–1987 Division 1 (L1) *1987–1989 Division 2 (L2) *1989–1992 Division 1 (L1) *1992–1996 Premier League (L1) *1996–1998 Division 1 (L2) *1998–1999 Division 2 (L3) *1999–2000 Division 1 (2) *2000–2001 Premier League (L1) *2001–2002 Division 1 (L2) *2002– Premier League (L1) ==Launuka da kuma Alamun Kulob== Launukan gidan Manchester City shuɗi ne da fari. Launukan kit na gargajiya sun kasance ko dai maroon ko (daga shekarun 1960) ja da baki; duk da haka, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan an yi amfani da launuka da dama. Ba a san asalin launukan gidan kulob din ba, amma akwai alamun cewa kulob din ya sanya shudi tun 1892 ko kuma baya. Wani ɗan littafi mai suna Shahararrun Kungiyoyin Kwallon Kafa - Manchester City wanda aka buga a shekarun 1940 ya nuna cewa West Gorton (St. Marks) tun asali tana wasa da ja da baki, kuma rahotanni daga 1884 sun bayyana ƙungiyar sanye da baƙaƙen riga mai ɗauke da farar giciye, wanda ke nuna asalin ƙungiyar kamar haka. gefen coci. Yin amfani da launin ja da baƙar fata ba safai ba har yanzu ya fito ne daga imanin tsohon mataimakin manajan Malcolm Allison cewa ɗaukar launukan AC Milan zai ƙarfafa City ga ɗaukaka. Alamar Allison da alama yana aiki, tare da City ta lashe gasar cin kofin FA 1969, da 1970 kofin cin Kofin Jikiriku a 1970 yayin da ake adawa da Kungiyar Sky Blue. ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:City, Manchester}} [[Category: Kungiyoyi kwallon kafa]] sw0wcdrdwvdloopukw8nmz1kxy0m17h 878633 878631 2026-07-07T19:03:16Z Abdulmuddalib Iabrahim Salisu 14681 878633 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Manchester United FC - Manchester City FC, 25 October 2015 - 27.JPG|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 16.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 12.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 13.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 24.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 04.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 22.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester City FC trophies displayed at the Renzo Barbera Stadium 03.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester City FC trophies displayed at the Renzo Barbera Stadium 02.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:City of Manchester external view.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester United FC - Manchester City FC, 25 October 2015 - 04.JPG|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 10.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:City of Manchester Stadium Wikivoyage banner.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 27.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Arsenal vs Manchester City (2013).jpg|thumb]] '''Manchester City Football Club''' akan takaita sunan zuwa '''Man City''', ta kasance kulob ɗin ƙwararrun ƴan ƙwallon ƙafa ne dake zaune a garin [[Manchester]], England, UK, suna fafatawa a gasar [[Premier League]], babban gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar England. Manchester City ta fara amfani da kayan sawanta na gida mai launin girgije tun acikin shekarar 1894, kuma shi ne kakar ƙungiyar na farko da ta fara amfani da sunan ta na yanzu. Kulob ɗin ta lashe kofin league guda goma (wanda huɗu daga ciki a jere ta lashe su acikin shekara ta 2020-zuwa cikin shekara ta 2024 wanda hakan yasa ta zama ƙungiya ta farko da ta yi irin haka a tarihi) da lashe Kofin FA bakwai, da EFL takwas, FA Community Shield shida, Gasar UEFA Champions league ɗaya, da kuma European Cup Winners'Cup guda ɗaya. ==Tarihi== An kafa ƙungiyar acikin shekara ta alif ɗari takwas da tamanin 1880, ta shiga cikin gasar English Football League acikin shekara ta 1899,ta lashe babbar gasar na farko da Kofin FA|Kofin [[FIFA|fiFA]] a 1904 FA Cup Final shekara ta 1904. Sun samu nasarori a karshen shekara ta 1960s, inda suka lashe kofin League, fiFA Cup da League Cup a karkashin horarwar Joe Mercer da Malcolm Allison. Bayan rashin nasarar ta shekarar 1981 FA Cup Final, kulob din ta fada cikin rashin tagomashi,da samun Promotion and relegation|relegation har zuwa rukuni na uku a English football league system|English football. [[File:City of Manchester Stadium 2.jpg|thumb|Babban filin wasa na Manchester City ]] [[File:Josep Guardiola 2023-10-04 Fußball, Männer, UEFA Champions League, RB Leipzig - Manchester City FC 1DX 2797 (cropped).jpg|thumb|kocin Manchester City. Pep Guardiola.]] [[File:David Silva shaved Man City 2017 (36471171422) (cropped).jpg|thumb|Captain din Manchester city. David Silva]] Bayan dawowar su cikin gasar Premier League a shekara ta 2000s, An saida kulob din Manchester City acikin shekara ta 2008, wanda Abu Dhabi United Group suka saya a £210&nbsp;million, da samun sa jari da dama. Kulob ta samu nasarar lashe gasa da dama a tsakanin shekarun 2010s, kuma suka zama Kulob ta farko da ta samu kaiwa maki Premier League records and statistics#Points|100 points a kakar gasar [[premier league]]. Kudin shigar kulub din Manchester City shine na biyar a Deloitte Football Money League|fifth highest a duniya a tsakanin shekara ta 2017–har zuwa zuwa cikin shekara ta 2018 na kakar gasa, wanda yakai €527.7&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.deloitte.com/uk/en/pages/sports-business-group/articles/deloitte-football-money-league.html|title=Deloitte Football Money League 2018|date=23 January 2018|accessdate=23 January 2018|publisher=Deloitte}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://uk.businessinsider.com/the-20-most-popular-rich-list-football-teams-on-social-media-2018-8/#10-manchester-city-493-million-followers-11 |title=UK Business Insider |access-date=2019-01-26 |archive-date=2018-11-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181118041429/http://uk.businessinsider.com/the-20-most-popular-rich-list-football-teams-on-social-media-2018-8#10-manchester-city-493-million-followers-11 |url-status=dead }}</ref> acikin shekara ta 2018, kulub din ita ce na Biyar a Forbes' list of the most valuable football clubs|fifth most valuable a duniya da kudin da suka kai $2.47&nbsp;billion.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/mikeozanian/2018/06/12/the-worlds-most-valuable-soccer-teams-2018/#3dddb7c845c8|title=The World's Most Valuable Soccer Teams 2018|last=Ozanian|first=Mike|work=Forbes}}</ref>. [[File:2011 FA Cup Final Victory Parade (4).jpg|thumb|kungiyar Manchester City kenan a lokacin murnar lashe kofin FA acikin shekara ta 2011]] Kulub din nada babban hamayya sosai tsakanin ta da takwarar ta [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] a wasa tsakanin su da ake kira da Manchester Derby. ===Shekarun farko da nasarorin farko=== City ta sami karramawar farko ta hanyar cin nasara a rukuni na biyu acikin shekara ta 1899; tare da samun ci gaba zuwa matsayi mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingilishi, Rukunin Farko. Sun ci gaba da neman babbar karramawarsu ta farko a ranar 23 ga watan Afrilun shekara ta 1904, inda suka doke Bolton Wanderers 1–0 a Crystal Palace don lashe kofin FA; 'Yan wasan Blues sun yi rashin nasara a gasar League da Cup sau biyu a waccan kakar bayan sun kammala gasar zakarun Turai, amma duk da haka sun zama kulob na farko a Manchester da suka samu babbar daraja.Acikin shekarun da suka biyo bayan nasarar cin kofin FA, kulob din ya fuskanci zarge zarge na rashin bin ka'ida, wanda ya kai ga dakatar da 'yan wasa goma sha bakwai acikin shekara ta 1906, ciki har da kyaftin Billy Meredith, wanda daga baya ya wuce garin zuwa Manchester United. Wuta a hanyar Hyde ta lalata babbar tashar acikin shekara ta 1920, kuma a cikin shekara ta 1923 ƙungiyar ta koma sabon filin wasansu da aka gina a Maine Road a cikin Moss Side. A cikin shekarun 1930, Manchester City ta kai wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin FA sau biyu a jere, inda ta yi rashin nasara a hannun Everton acikin shekara ta 1933, kafin ta ci kofin da ta doke Portsmouth acikin shekara ta 1934. A lokacin gudu na 1934, kulob din ya karya tarihin zuwa gida mafi girma na kowane kulob a kwallon kafa ta Ingila. tarihi, yayin da magoya bayan 84,569 suka cika titin Maine a gasar cin kofin FA zagaye na shida da Stoke City - tarihin da ya tsaya har zuwa 2016. Kungiyar ta lashe gasar rukunin farko a karon farko a cikin shekara ta 1937, amma an sake fitar da ita a kakar wasa ta gaba, duk da zura kwallaye a raga. fiye da kowace kungiya a rukunin. Shekaru 20 bayan haka, wata ƙungiyar Birni ta yi wahayi zuwa ga tsarin dabara da aka sani da Revie Plan ta sake kai wasan karshe a gasar cin kofin FA a jere, a 1955 da 1956; kamar yadda a cikin 1930s, suka yi rashin nasara na farko, a Newcastle United, kuma suka ci na biyu. Wasan karshe na 1956, wanda Blues ta doke [[Birmingham]] City 3–1, ya ga golan City Bert Trautmann ya ci gaba da taka leda bayan karya wuyansa da rashin sani. ===Zamanin tauraro na farko da kalubalen da suka biyo baya=== Bayan an koma mataki na biyu a cikin 1963, nan gaba ta yi kamar ba ta da kyau tare da ƙarancin halartan gida na 8,015 da Swindon Town a cikin Janairu 1965. A lokacin bazara na 1965, an nada ƙungiyar gudanarwa ta Joe Mercer da Malcolm Allison . A kakar wasa ta farko a karkashin Mercer, Manchester City ta lashe kambun Division na Biyu kuma ta sanya hannu mai mahimmanci a Mike Summerbee da Colin Bell. Bayan shekaru biyu, a cikin 1967–68, City ta yi nasarar lashe kofin gasar a karo na biyu, inda ta doke makwabciyarta Manchester United a gasar a ranar karshe ta kakar wasan da ci 4-3 a Newcastle United. Karin kofuna sun biyo baya: City ta lashe kofin FA a 1969 kuma bayan shekara guda ta yi nasara a gasar cin kofin Turai, inda ta doke Górnik Zabrze 2–1 a 1970 na wasan karshe. Wannan ita ce karramawar da kulob din ya samu a Turai har zuwa nasarar da suka samu a gasar zakarun Turai ta 2022-23. Har ila yau, Blues ta lashe gasar cin kofin League a waccan shekarar, inda ta zama tawagar Ingila ta biyu da ta lashe kofin Turai da kofin gida a kakar wasa guda. Kulob din ya ci gaba da kalubalantar daukaka a cikin shekarun 1970s, inda ya kammala maki daya a bayan zakarun gasar a lokuta biyu kuma ya kai wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin League na 1974. Daya daga cikin wasannin na wannan lokacin da magoya bayan Manchester City ke tunawa da su shi ne wasan karshe na kakar 1973-74 da abokan hamayyarta na Manchester United, wadanda ke bukatar yin nasara don samun wani begen gujewa faduwa. Tsohon dan wasan United Denis Law ya zura kwallo da diddige don bai wa City nasara da ci 1-0 a Old Trafford da kuma tabbatar da faduwa daga abokan hamayyarsu. Kofin karshe na lokacin da ya fi samun nasara a kungiyar a karni na 20 an ci shi ne a shekarar 1976, lokacin da aka doke Newcastle United da ci 2-1 a wasan karshe na cin kofin League. Wani dogon lokaci na biyo bayan nasarar shekarun 1960 da 1970. Malcolm Allison ya koma kulob din ya zama koci karo na biyu a shekarar 1979, amma ya yi almubazzaranci da makudan kudade kan sa hannu da dama da ba su yi nasara ba, irin su Steve Daley. Bayan haka, wasu manajoji sun biyo baya - bakwai a cikin 1980s kadai. Karkashin John Bond, City ta kai wasan karshe na cin kofin FA na 1981 amma ta sha kashi a karawar da Tottenham Hotspur ta yi. Sau biyu kulob din ya yi fice daga matakin farko a cikin shekarun 1980 (a cikin 1983 da 1987), amma kuma ya koma mataki na farko a 1989 kuma ya kare a matsayi na biyar a 1991 da 1992 a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Peter Reid. Koyaya, wannan ɗan hutu ne kawai, kuma bayan tafiyar Reid dukiyar Manchester City ta ci gaba da dusashewa. City ta kasance masu kafa ƙungiyar Premier League bayan ƙirƙirar ta a 1992, amma bayan da ta kare a matsayi na tara a kakar wasan farko, sun yi fama da gwagwarmaya na shekaru uku kafin a sake su a 1996. mafi ƙasƙanci a tarihin su, zama na biyu da suka lashe kofin Turai da aka sake komawa gasar rukuni-rukuni na ƙasarsu bayan 1. FC Magdeburg ta [[Jamus]]. ===Farfadowa ta biyu=== Bayan da aka tashi daga gasar, kulob din ya fuskanci tashe-tashen hankula a waje, tare da sabon shugaban David Bernstein ya gabatar da ingantaccen tsarin kasafin kudi. Karkashin kociyan Joe Royle, City ta sami daukaka a yunkurin farko, wanda aka samu ta hanyar ban mamaki a wasan karshe na rukuni na biyu da Gillingham. Matsayin ci gaba na biyu a jere ya ga City ta koma mataki na gaba, amma wannan ya zama mataki mai nisa ga ƙungiyar da ke murmurewa, kuma a cikin 2001 An sake komawa City sau ɗaya. Kevin Keegan ya maye gurbin Royle a matsayin koci a ƙarshen kakar wasa ta ƙarshe, kuma ya samu koma baya nan da nan zuwa babban rukuni yayin da ƙungiyar ta lashe gasar rukunin farko ta 2001-2002, ta karya tarihin ƙungiyar na yawan maki da aka zura a raga a kakar wasa ɗaya a gasar. tsari. Kakar 2002–03 ita ce ta ƙarshe a Maine Road kuma ta haɗa da 3-1 derby nasara akan abokan hammayarsu Manchester United, wanda ya kawo karshen shekara 13 da aka yi ba tare da nasara ba. Bugu da ƙari, City ta cancanci shiga gasar Turai a karon farko cikin shekaru 25 ta hanyar UEFA fair play ranking. A karshen kakar wasa ta 2003–04, kulob din ya koma sabon City na filin wasa na Manchester. Shekaru hudu na farko a filin wasa duk sun haifar da kammala tsakiyar tebur. Tsohon manajan Ingila Sven-Göran Eriksson ya zama kociyan kungiyar na kasashen waje na farko lokacin da aka nada shi a shekarar 2007. Bayan fara wasa mai kyau, wasan kwaikwayo ya dusashe a rabin na biyu na kakar wasa, kuma an kori Eriksson a ranar 2 ga Yuni 2008; Mark Hughes ya maye gurbinsa bayan kwana biyu. A shekara ta 2008, Manchester City ta kasance cikin mawuyacin hali na rashin kuɗi. Thaksin Shinawatra ya karbi ragamar kulab din a shekarar da ta gabata, amma fafutukar siyasarsa ta ga kadarorinsa sun daskare. Sannan, a cikin Agusta 2008, Ƙungiyar Abu Dhabi United ta sayi Birni. Taken ya biyo bayan yunƙurin neman manyan ‘yan wasa; Kulob din ya karya tarihin sayan 'yan wasa na Biritaniya ta hanyar siyan Robinho dan kasar [[Brazil]] daga Real Madrid kan fan miliyan 32.5. Ba a samu wani gagarumin ci gaba ba idan aka kwatanta da kakar da ta gabata duk da kwararar kudi duk da haka, kungiyar ta kare a mataki na goma, duk da cewa ta yi rawar gani ta kai wasan daf da na kusa da karshe a gasar cin kofin UEFA. A lokacin bazara na 2009, ƙungiyar ta ɗauki kashe kuɗin canja wuri zuwa matakin da ba a taɓa gani ba, tare da kashe sama da fam miliyan 100 akan 'yan wasa Gareth Barry, Roque Santa Cruz, Kolo Touré, Emmanuel Adebayor, Carlos Tevez, da Joleon Lescott. A cikin Disamba 2009, Mark Hughes - wanda aka ɗauke shi aiki jim kaɗan kafin canjin ikon mallakar amma tun asali sabuwar hukumar ta riƙe shi - Roberto Mancini ya maye gurbinsa a matsayin manaja. City ta kammala kakar wasa a matsayi na biyar a gasar Premier, da kyar ta rasa gurbin shiga gasar zakarun Turai amma ta cancanci shiga gasar UEFA Europa League. ===Zaman tauraro na biyu da zuwan Pep Guardiola=== Ci gaba da saka hannun jari a cikin 'yan wasa ya biyo baya a lokuta masu zuwa, kuma sakamakon ya fara daidai da haɓakar ingancin ɗan wasa. City ta kai wasan karshe na cin kofin FA a shekarar 2011, babban wasan karshe na farko cikin sama da shekaru 30, bayan da ta doke abokiyar hamayyarta Manchester United a wasan kusa da na karshe, karo na farko da ta fitar da abokiyar karawarta daga gasar cin kofin tun 1975. Blues ta doke Stoke. City 1–0 a wasan karshe, inda ta samu nasarar cin kofin FA karo na biyar da kuma babban kofi na farko da kungiyar ta lashe tun bayan lashe kofin League na 1976. A ranar karshe ta kakar 2010-2011, City ta doke [[Arsenal F.C.]] a matsayi na uku, ta yadda ta samu cancantar shiga gasar zakarun Turai kai tsaye a group stage. An ci gaba da yin wasanni masu ƙarfi da kuma cimma nasarori a kakar wasa ta 2011–12, gami da nasarar da suka yi da Tottenham da ci 5–1 a White Hart Lane da kuma nasarar da ta yi daidai da 6–1 a kan Manchester United a Old Trafford, amma rashin kyawun tsari a rabin na biyu kakar wasan dai ya bar City a matsayi na biyu da maki takwas tsakaninta da United saura wasanni shida kacal a buga. A wannan lokacin, United ta yi rashin nasara a kan ta, inda ta yi kasa da maki takwas a cikin wasanni hudu, yayin da City ta fara samun nasara a jere, wanda ya sa kungiyoyin biyu suka tashi da maki daya saura wasanni biyu. Duk da Buluwa kawai suna bukatar nasara a gida da Queens Park Rangers, kungiya a yankin relegation, sun fadi a baya da ci 1-2 a karshen lokacin al'ada. Duk da haka, kwallaye biyu da aka zura a lokacin rauni – na biyu da Sergio Agüero ya zura a cikin minti na hudu da aka kara - ya daidaita kambin da City ta samu, wanda hakan ya sanya ta zama kungiya ta farko da ta lashe gasar Premier da maki kadai. A kakar wasa ta gaba, City ta kasa yin kwafin nasarar da ta samu a shekarar da ta gabata. Bayan kammala gasar ta biyu a gasar, maki goma sha daya a bayan Manchester United, da rashin nasara a gasar cin kofin FA 0–1 a hannun Wigan Athletic da ta koma mataki na daya, an kori Mancini. Manajan Chilean Manuel Pellegrini ne ya maye gurbinsa. A shekarar farko ta Pellegrini, City ta lashe kofin League kuma ta sake samun kofin Premier a ranar wasan karshe na kakar wasa. Tsarin gasar kungiyar sannan sannu a hankali ya ragu cikin shekaru biyu masu zuwa, yayin da Blues din ta kare a matsayi na biyu a 2014–15 sannan ta koma ta hudu a cikin 2015–16, kodayake kakar 2015–16 za ta ga City ta lashe wani kofin gasar Gasar Zakarun Turai na kusa da na karshe a karon farko. Pep Guardiola, tsohon kocin Barcelona da Bayern Munich, an tabbatar da zama sabon kocin Manchester City a ranar 1 ga Fabrairun 2016, tare da sanar da sanarwar watanni da yawa kafin Manuel Pellegrini ya bar mukaminsa. Kakar farko ta Guardiola a Manchester za ta kawo karshen gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai, inda Blues ke matsayi na uku a kan teburin gasar, amma kakar wasan da ta biyo baya ta samu nasara sosai, yayin da City ta lashe kofin Premier da maki mafi girma a tarihi tare da karya wasu kungiyoyi da na Ingila da dama. rubuce-rubuce a kan hanya. Wannan zai zama farkon nasarar da Manchester City ta samu a karkashin Guardiola. Tsakanin wasannin 2017-18 da 2022-23 na gasar Premier, City ta lashe kofunan lig biyar cikin shida, inda ta zo ta biyu a bayan Liverpool a kakar wasa ta 2019-20. Guardiola ya kuma jagoranci Blues zuwa gasar cin kofin gida, wanda aka haskaka ta nasarar cin Kofin League guda hudu a jere a 2018-2021. A lokacin kakar 2018-2019, City ta kammala babban gasar cikin gida da ba a taɓa gani ba na taken maza na Ingilishi. Baya ga lashe dukkanin manyan gasa uku na gasar kwallon kafa ta Ingila, sun kuma lashe Garkuwar Jama'a, wanda shi ne karon farko da kowace kungiya ta taba rike dukkan kofunan kwallon kafa hudu na Ingila a lokaci guda. A matakin nahiyar, kulob din ya samu ci gaba a cikin 2020-21, inda ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Zakarun Turai na farko. A cikin duk wani al'amari na Turanci, City ta yi rashin nasara 0-1 a Chelsea a Estádio do Dragão a [[Porto]].<ref>http://www.heraldsun.com.au/sport/football/the-resources-and-power-of-sheikh-mansoor-makes-this-deal-a-seismic-moment-for-the-aleague/story-fni2wcjl-1226808309758</ref> Kakar 2022-23 ta zama mafi girma a tarihin ƙungiyar, yayin da Manchester City ta lashe kofin Premier karo na uku a jere, da gasar cin kofin FA da abokiyar hamayyarta Manchester United, da kuma kofin gasar zakarun Turai na farko a filin wasa na Olympics na Atatürk da ke Istanbul Inter [[Milano|Milan]], ta haka ne ke haɗa wani abu mai wuyar gaske - wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na nahiyar. Hanyar cin kofin zakarun Turai ya hada da nasarar da Bayern Munich ta yi a Turai, wadda ta sha kashi da ci 4-1, da kuma Real Madrid, wadda ta sha kashi a hannun City da ci 1-5.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20070205055003/http://www.plusmarketsgroup.com/details.shtml?ISIN=GB0005599336</ref> Zamanin Manchester City na ci gaba da fafatawa a gasa ya zo daidai da tuhume-tuhume da kuma a lokuta da dama da aka samu na keta dokokin Financial Fair Play (FFP) da dokokin Premier League. A cikin 2014, Manchester City ta kasance batun yarjejeniyar sasantawa da UEFA wanda, a cikin matakai da yawa, an sanya iyaka kan adadin 'yan wasan da za su iya yin rajista a cikin jerin sunayen 'yan wasan na UEFA da kuma adadin da za a iya kashewa. a kan canja wuri da kuɗin fa'idar ma'aikata, an kuma bayar da tarar.<ref>https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/10-things-you-need-know-about-manchester-clubs-humble-beginnings</ref> A cikin 2017, Premier League ta ci tarar Manchester City tare da dakatar da siyan wasu 'yan wasa na makarantar shekaru biyu bayan da aka same su da karya dokokin ci gaban matasa. A shekarar 2020, Kotun sauraron kararrakin wasanni (CAS) ta yanke hukuncin cewa wasu takunkumin da UEFA ta sanyawa kulob din bai dace ba, wanda hakan ya yi watsi da dakatarwar da City ta yi na tsawon shekaru biyu a Turai, amma duk da haka ta gano cewa kulob din ya keta ka'idojin UEFA ta hanyar rashin bayar da hadin kai da kuma kawo cikas ga kungiyar. bincike, kuma saboda wannan "tsanani mai tsanani" ya ci tarar kulob din. A cikin 2023, Premier League ta ba da sanarwar nata binciken zargin da ake yi wa Manchester City, inda take tuhumar kungiyar da keta dokokin FFP har 115 har zuwa kakar wasa ta 2017-18. ===Tarihin gasar=== *1892–1899 Division 2 (L2) *1899–1902 Division 1 (L1) *1902–1903 Division 2 (L2) *1903–1909 Division 1 (L1) *1909–1910 Division 2 (L2) *1910–1926 Division 1 (L1) *1926–1928 Division 2 (L2) *1928–1938 Division 1 (L1) *1938–1947 Division 2 (L2) *1947–1950 Division 1 (L1) *1950–1951 Division 2 (L2) *1951–1963 Division 1 (L1) *1963–1966 Division 2 (L2) *1966–1983 Division 1 (L1) *1983–1985 Division 2 (L2) *1985–1987 Division 1 (L1) *1987–1989 Division 2 (L2) *1989–1992 Division 1 (L1) *1992–1996 Premier League (L1) *1996–1998 Division 1 (L2) *1998–1999 Division 2 (L3) *1999–2000 Division 1 (2) *2000–2001 Premier League (L1) *2001–2002 Division 1 (L2) *2002– Premier League (L1) ==Launuka da kuma Alamun Kulob== Launukan gidan Manchester City shuɗi ne da fari. Launukan kit na gargajiya sun kasance ko dai maroon ko (daga shekarun 1960) ja da baki; duk da haka, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan an yi amfani da launuka da dama. Ba a san asalin launukan gidan kulob din ba, amma akwai alamun cewa kulob din ya sanya shudi tun 1892 ko kuma baya. Wani ɗan littafi mai suna Shahararrun Kungiyoyin Kwallon Kafa - Manchester City wanda aka buga a shekarun 1940 ya nuna cewa West Gorton (St. Marks) tun asali tana wasa da ja da baki, kuma rahotanni daga 1884 sun bayyana ƙungiyar sanye da baƙaƙen riga mai ɗauke da farar giciye, wanda ke nuna asalin ƙungiyar kamar haka. gefen coci. Yin amfani da launin ja da baƙar fata ba safai ba har yanzu ya fito ne daga imanin tsohon mataimakin manajan Malcolm Allison cewa ɗaukar launukan AC Milan zai ƙarfafa City ga ɗaukaka. Alamar Allison da alama yana aiki, tare da City ta lashe gasar cin kofin FA 1969, da 1970 kofin cin Kofin Jikiriku a 1970 yayin da ake adawa da Kungiyar Sky Blue. ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:City, Manchester}} [[Category: Kungiyoyi kwallon kafa]] d4qth3sbvwgwg5nn92i11qyv8aifkdf 878634 878633 2026-07-07T19:04:28Z Abdulmuddalib Iabrahim Salisu 14681 878634 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Manchester United FC - Manchester City FC, 25 October 2015 - 27.JPG|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 16.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 12.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 13.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 24.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 04.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 22.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester City FC trophies displayed at the Renzo Barbera Stadium 03.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester City FC trophies displayed at the Renzo Barbera Stadium 02.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:City of Manchester external view.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester United FC - Manchester City FC, 25 October 2015 - 04.JPG|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 10.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:City of Manchester Stadium Wikivoyage banner.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 27.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Arsenal vs Manchester City (2013).jpg|thumb]] '''Manchester City Football Club''' akan takaita sunan zuwa '''Man City''', ta kasance kulob ɗin ƙwararrun ƴan ƙwallon ƙafa ne dake zaune a garin [[Manchester]], England, UK, suna fafatawa a gasar [[Premier League]], babban gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar England. Manchester City ta fara amfani da kayan sawanta na gida mai launin girgije tun acikin shekarar 1894, kuma shi ne kakar ƙungiyar na farko da ta fara amfani da sunan ta na yanzu. Kulob ɗin ta lashe kofin league guda goma (wanda huɗu daga ciki a jere ta lashe su acikin shekara ta 2020-zuwa cikin shekara ta 2024 wanda hakan yasa ta zama ƙungiya ta farko da ta yi irin haka a tarihi) da lashe Kofin FA bakwai, da EFL takwas, FA Community Shield shida, Gasar UEFA Champions league ɗaya, da kuma European Cup Winners'Cup guda ɗaya. ==Tarihi== An kafa ƙungiyar acikin shekara ta alif ɗari takwas da tamanin 1880, ta shiga cikin gasar English Football League acikin shekara ta 1899,ta lashe babbar gasar na farko da Kofin FA|Kofin [[FIFA|fiFA]] a 1904 FA Cup Final shekara ta 1904. Sun samu nasarori a karshen shekara ta 1960s, inda suka lashe kofin League, fiFA Cup da League Cup a karkashin horarwar Joe Mercer da Malcolm Allison. Bayan rashin nasarar ta shekarar 1981 FA Cup Final, kulob din ta fada cikin rashin tagomashi,da samun Promotion and relegation|relegation har zuwa rukuni na uku a English football league system|English football. [[File:City of Manchester Stadium 2.jpg|thumb|Babban filin wasa na Manchester City ]] [[File:Josep Guardiola 2023-10-04 Fußball, Männer, UEFA Champions League, RB Leipzig - Manchester City FC 1DX 2797 (cropped).jpg|thumb|kocin Manchester City. Pep Guardiola.]] [[File:David Silva shaved Man City 2017 (36471171422) (cropped).jpg|thumb|Captain din Manchester city. David Silva]] Bayan dawowar su cikin gasar Premier League a shekara ta 2000s, An saida kulob din Manchester City acikin shekara ta 2008, wanda Abu Dhabi United Group suka saya a £210&nbsp;million, da samun sa jari da dama. Kulob ta samu nasarar lashe gasa da dama a tsakanin shekarun 2010s, kuma suka zama Kulob ta farko da ta samu kaiwa maki Premier League records and statistics#Points|100 points a kakar gasar [[premier league]]. Kudin shigar kulub din Manchester City shine na biyar a Deloitte Football Money League|fifth highest a duniya a tsakanin shekara ta 2017–har zuwa zuwa cikin shekara ta 2018 na kakar gasa, wanda yakai €527.7&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.deloitte.com/uk/en/pages/sports-business-group/articles/deloitte-football-money-league.html|title=Deloitte Football Money League 2018|date=23 January 2018|accessdate=23 January 2018|publisher=Deloitte}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://uk.businessinsider.com/the-20-most-popular-rich-list-football-teams-on-social-media-2018-8/#10-manchester-city-493-million-followers-11 |title=UK Business Insider |access-date=2019-01-26 |archive-date=2018-11-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181118041429/http://uk.businessinsider.com/the-20-most-popular-rich-list-football-teams-on-social-media-2018-8#10-manchester-city-493-million-followers-11 |url-status=dead }}</ref> acikin shekara ta 2018, kulub din ita ce na Biyar a Forbes' list of the most valuable football clubs|fifth most valuable a duniya da kudin da suka kai $2.47&nbsp;billion.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/mikeozanian/2018/06/12/the-worlds-most-valuable-soccer-teams-2018/#3dddb7c845c8|title=The World's Most Valuable Soccer Teams 2018|last=Ozanian|first=Mike|work=Forbes}}</ref>. [[File:2011 FA Cup Final Victory Parade (4).jpg|thumb|kungiyar Manchester City kenan a lokacin murnar lashe kofin FA acikin shekara ta 2011]] Kulub din nada babban hamayya sosai tsakanin ta da takwarar ta [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] a wasa tsakanin su da ake kira da Manchester Derby. ===Shekarun farko da nasarorin farko=== City ta sami karramawar farko ta hanyar cin nasara a rukuni na biyu acikin shekara ta 1899; tare da samun ci gaba zuwa matsayi mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingilishi, Rukunin Farko. Sun ci gaba da neman babbar karramawarsu ta farko a ranar 23 ga watan Afrilun shekara ta 1904, inda suka doke Bolton Wanderers 1–0 a Crystal Palace don lashe kofin FA; 'Yan wasan Blues sun yi rashin nasara a gasar League da Cup sau biyu a waccan kakar bayan sun kammala gasar zakarun Turai, amma duk da haka sun zama kulob na farko a Manchester da suka samu babbar daraja.Acikin shekarun da suka biyo bayan nasarar cin kofin FA, kulob din ya fuskanci zarge zarge na rashin bin ka'ida, wanda ya kai ga dakatar da 'yan wasa goma sha bakwai acikin shekara ta 1906, ciki har da kyaftin Billy Meredith, wanda daga baya ya wuce garin zuwa Manchester United. Wuta a hanyar Hyde ta lalata babbar tashar acikin shekara ta 1920, kuma a cikin shekara ta 1923 ƙungiyar ta koma sabon filin wasansu da aka gina a Maine Road a cikin Moss Side. A cikin shekarun 1930, Manchester City ta kai wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin FA sau biyu a jere, inda ta yi rashin nasara a hannun Everton acikin shekara ta 1933, kafin ta ci kofin da ta doke Portsmouth acikin shekara ta 1934. A lokacin gudu na cikin shekara ta 1934, kulob din ya karya tarihin zuwa gida mafi girma na kowane kulob a kwallon kafa ta Ingila. tarihi, yayin da magoya bayan 84,569 suka cika titin Maine a gasar cin kofin FA zagaye na shida da Stoke City - tarihin da ya tsaya har zuwa 2016. Kungiyar ta lashe gasar rukunin farko a karon farko a cikin shekara ta 1937, amma an sake fitar da ita a kakar wasa ta gaba, duk da zura kwallaye a raga. fiye da kowace kungiya a rukunin. Shekaru 20 bayan haka, wata ƙungiyar Birni ta yi wahayi zuwa ga tsarin dabara da aka sani da Revie Plan ta sake kai wasan karshe a gasar cin kofin FA a jere, a 1955 da 1956; kamar yadda a cikin 1930s, suka yi rashin nasara na farko, a Newcastle United, kuma suka ci na biyu. Wasan karshe na 1956, wanda Blues ta doke [[Birmingham]] City 3–1, ya ga golan City Bert Trautmann ya ci gaba da taka leda bayan karya wuyansa da rashin sani. ===Zamanin tauraro na farko da kalubalen da suka biyo baya=== Bayan an koma mataki na biyu a cikin 1963, nan gaba ta yi kamar ba ta da kyau tare da ƙarancin halartan gida na 8,015 da Swindon Town a cikin Janairu 1965. A lokacin bazara na 1965, an nada ƙungiyar gudanarwa ta Joe Mercer da Malcolm Allison . A kakar wasa ta farko a karkashin Mercer, Manchester City ta lashe kambun Division na Biyu kuma ta sanya hannu mai mahimmanci a Mike Summerbee da Colin Bell. Bayan shekaru biyu, a cikin 1967–68, City ta yi nasarar lashe kofin gasar a karo na biyu, inda ta doke makwabciyarta Manchester United a gasar a ranar karshe ta kakar wasan da ci 4-3 a Newcastle United. Karin kofuna sun biyo baya: City ta lashe kofin FA a 1969 kuma bayan shekara guda ta yi nasara a gasar cin kofin Turai, inda ta doke Górnik Zabrze 2–1 a 1970 na wasan karshe. Wannan ita ce karramawar da kulob din ya samu a Turai har zuwa nasarar da suka samu a gasar zakarun Turai ta 2022-23. Har ila yau, Blues ta lashe gasar cin kofin League a waccan shekarar, inda ta zama tawagar Ingila ta biyu da ta lashe kofin Turai da kofin gida a kakar wasa guda. Kulob din ya ci gaba da kalubalantar daukaka a cikin shekarun 1970s, inda ya kammala maki daya a bayan zakarun gasar a lokuta biyu kuma ya kai wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin League na 1974. Daya daga cikin wasannin na wannan lokacin da magoya bayan Manchester City ke tunawa da su shi ne wasan karshe na kakar 1973-74 da abokan hamayyarta na Manchester United, wadanda ke bukatar yin nasara don samun wani begen gujewa faduwa. Tsohon dan wasan United Denis Law ya zura kwallo da diddige don bai wa City nasara da ci 1-0 a Old Trafford da kuma tabbatar da faduwa daga abokan hamayyarsu. Kofin karshe na lokacin da ya fi samun nasara a kungiyar a karni na 20 an ci shi ne a shekarar 1976, lokacin da aka doke Newcastle United da ci 2-1 a wasan karshe na cin kofin League. Wani dogon lokaci na biyo bayan nasarar shekarun 1960 da 1970. Malcolm Allison ya koma kulob din ya zama koci karo na biyu a shekarar 1979, amma ya yi almubazzaranci da makudan kudade kan sa hannu da dama da ba su yi nasara ba, irin su Steve Daley. Bayan haka, wasu manajoji sun biyo baya - bakwai a cikin 1980s kadai. Karkashin John Bond, City ta kai wasan karshe na cin kofin FA na 1981 amma ta sha kashi a karawar da Tottenham Hotspur ta yi. Sau biyu kulob din ya yi fice daga matakin farko a cikin shekarun 1980 (a cikin 1983 da 1987), amma kuma ya koma mataki na farko a 1989 kuma ya kare a matsayi na biyar a 1991 da 1992 a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Peter Reid. Koyaya, wannan ɗan hutu ne kawai, kuma bayan tafiyar Reid dukiyar Manchester City ta ci gaba da dusashewa. City ta kasance masu kafa ƙungiyar Premier League bayan ƙirƙirar ta a 1992, amma bayan da ta kare a matsayi na tara a kakar wasan farko, sun yi fama da gwagwarmaya na shekaru uku kafin a sake su a 1996. mafi ƙasƙanci a tarihin su, zama na biyu da suka lashe kofin Turai da aka sake komawa gasar rukuni-rukuni na ƙasarsu bayan 1. FC Magdeburg ta [[Jamus]]. ===Farfadowa ta biyu=== Bayan da aka tashi daga gasar, kulob din ya fuskanci tashe-tashen hankula a waje, tare da sabon shugaban David Bernstein ya gabatar da ingantaccen tsarin kasafin kudi. Karkashin kociyan Joe Royle, City ta sami daukaka a yunkurin farko, wanda aka samu ta hanyar ban mamaki a wasan karshe na rukuni na biyu da Gillingham. Matsayin ci gaba na biyu a jere ya ga City ta koma mataki na gaba, amma wannan ya zama mataki mai nisa ga ƙungiyar da ke murmurewa, kuma a cikin 2001 An sake komawa City sau ɗaya. Kevin Keegan ya maye gurbin Royle a matsayin koci a ƙarshen kakar wasa ta ƙarshe, kuma ya samu koma baya nan da nan zuwa babban rukuni yayin da ƙungiyar ta lashe gasar rukunin farko ta 2001-2002, ta karya tarihin ƙungiyar na yawan maki da aka zura a raga a kakar wasa ɗaya a gasar. tsari. Kakar 2002–03 ita ce ta ƙarshe a Maine Road kuma ta haɗa da 3-1 derby nasara akan abokan hammayarsu Manchester United, wanda ya kawo karshen shekara 13 da aka yi ba tare da nasara ba. Bugu da ƙari, City ta cancanci shiga gasar Turai a karon farko cikin shekaru 25 ta hanyar UEFA fair play ranking. A karshen kakar wasa ta 2003–04, kulob din ya koma sabon City na filin wasa na Manchester. Shekaru hudu na farko a filin wasa duk sun haifar da kammala tsakiyar tebur. Tsohon manajan Ingila Sven-Göran Eriksson ya zama kociyan kungiyar na kasashen waje na farko lokacin da aka nada shi a shekarar 2007. Bayan fara wasa mai kyau, wasan kwaikwayo ya dusashe a rabin na biyu na kakar wasa, kuma an kori Eriksson a ranar 2 ga Yuni 2008; Mark Hughes ya maye gurbinsa bayan kwana biyu. A shekara ta 2008, Manchester City ta kasance cikin mawuyacin hali na rashin kuɗi. Thaksin Shinawatra ya karbi ragamar kulab din a shekarar da ta gabata, amma fafutukar siyasarsa ta ga kadarorinsa sun daskare. Sannan, a cikin Agusta 2008, Ƙungiyar Abu Dhabi United ta sayi Birni. Taken ya biyo bayan yunƙurin neman manyan ‘yan wasa; Kulob din ya karya tarihin sayan 'yan wasa na Biritaniya ta hanyar siyan Robinho dan kasar [[Brazil]] daga Real Madrid kan fan miliyan 32.5. Ba a samu wani gagarumin ci gaba ba idan aka kwatanta da kakar da ta gabata duk da kwararar kudi duk da haka, kungiyar ta kare a mataki na goma, duk da cewa ta yi rawar gani ta kai wasan daf da na kusa da karshe a gasar cin kofin UEFA. A lokacin bazara na 2009, ƙungiyar ta ɗauki kashe kuɗin canja wuri zuwa matakin da ba a taɓa gani ba, tare da kashe sama da fam miliyan 100 akan 'yan wasa Gareth Barry, Roque Santa Cruz, Kolo Touré, Emmanuel Adebayor, Carlos Tevez, da Joleon Lescott. A cikin Disamba 2009, Mark Hughes - wanda aka ɗauke shi aiki jim kaɗan kafin canjin ikon mallakar amma tun asali sabuwar hukumar ta riƙe shi - Roberto Mancini ya maye gurbinsa a matsayin manaja. City ta kammala kakar wasa a matsayi na biyar a gasar Premier, da kyar ta rasa gurbin shiga gasar zakarun Turai amma ta cancanci shiga gasar UEFA Europa League. ===Zaman tauraro na biyu da zuwan Pep Guardiola=== Ci gaba da saka hannun jari a cikin 'yan wasa ya biyo baya a lokuta masu zuwa, kuma sakamakon ya fara daidai da haɓakar ingancin ɗan wasa. City ta kai wasan karshe na cin kofin FA a shekarar 2011, babban wasan karshe na farko cikin sama da shekaru 30, bayan da ta doke abokiyar hamayyarta Manchester United a wasan kusa da na karshe, karo na farko da ta fitar da abokiyar karawarta daga gasar cin kofin tun 1975. Blues ta doke Stoke. City 1–0 a wasan karshe, inda ta samu nasarar cin kofin FA karo na biyar da kuma babban kofi na farko da kungiyar ta lashe tun bayan lashe kofin League na 1976. A ranar karshe ta kakar 2010-2011, City ta doke [[Arsenal F.C.]] a matsayi na uku, ta yadda ta samu cancantar shiga gasar zakarun Turai kai tsaye a group stage. An ci gaba da yin wasanni masu ƙarfi da kuma cimma nasarori a kakar wasa ta 2011–12, gami da nasarar da suka yi da Tottenham da ci 5–1 a White Hart Lane da kuma nasarar da ta yi daidai da 6–1 a kan Manchester United a Old Trafford, amma rashin kyawun tsari a rabin na biyu kakar wasan dai ya bar City a matsayi na biyu da maki takwas tsakaninta da United saura wasanni shida kacal a buga. A wannan lokacin, United ta yi rashin nasara a kan ta, inda ta yi kasa da maki takwas a cikin wasanni hudu, yayin da City ta fara samun nasara a jere, wanda ya sa kungiyoyin biyu suka tashi da maki daya saura wasanni biyu. Duk da Buluwa kawai suna bukatar nasara a gida da Queens Park Rangers, kungiya a yankin relegation, sun fadi a baya da ci 1-2 a karshen lokacin al'ada. Duk da haka, kwallaye biyu da aka zura a lokacin rauni – na biyu da Sergio Agüero ya zura a cikin minti na hudu da aka kara - ya daidaita kambin da City ta samu, wanda hakan ya sanya ta zama kungiya ta farko da ta lashe gasar Premier da maki kadai. A kakar wasa ta gaba, City ta kasa yin kwafin nasarar da ta samu a shekarar da ta gabata. Bayan kammala gasar ta biyu a gasar, maki goma sha daya a bayan Manchester United, da rashin nasara a gasar cin kofin FA 0–1 a hannun Wigan Athletic da ta koma mataki na daya, an kori Mancini. Manajan Chilean Manuel Pellegrini ne ya maye gurbinsa. A shekarar farko ta Pellegrini, City ta lashe kofin League kuma ta sake samun kofin Premier a ranar wasan karshe na kakar wasa. Tsarin gasar kungiyar sannan sannu a hankali ya ragu cikin shekaru biyu masu zuwa, yayin da Blues din ta kare a matsayi na biyu a 2014–15 sannan ta koma ta hudu a cikin 2015–16, kodayake kakar 2015–16 za ta ga City ta lashe wani kofin gasar Gasar Zakarun Turai na kusa da na karshe a karon farko. Pep Guardiola, tsohon kocin Barcelona da Bayern Munich, an tabbatar da zama sabon kocin Manchester City a ranar 1 ga Fabrairun 2016, tare da sanar da sanarwar watanni da yawa kafin Manuel Pellegrini ya bar mukaminsa. Kakar farko ta Guardiola a Manchester za ta kawo karshen gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai, inda Blues ke matsayi na uku a kan teburin gasar, amma kakar wasan da ta biyo baya ta samu nasara sosai, yayin da City ta lashe kofin Premier da maki mafi girma a tarihi tare da karya wasu kungiyoyi da na Ingila da dama. rubuce-rubuce a kan hanya. Wannan zai zama farkon nasarar da Manchester City ta samu a karkashin Guardiola. Tsakanin wasannin 2017-18 da 2022-23 na gasar Premier, City ta lashe kofunan lig biyar cikin shida, inda ta zo ta biyu a bayan Liverpool a kakar wasa ta 2019-20. Guardiola ya kuma jagoranci Blues zuwa gasar cin kofin gida, wanda aka haskaka ta nasarar cin Kofin League guda hudu a jere a 2018-2021. A lokacin kakar 2018-2019, City ta kammala babban gasar cikin gida da ba a taɓa gani ba na taken maza na Ingilishi. Baya ga lashe dukkanin manyan gasa uku na gasar kwallon kafa ta Ingila, sun kuma lashe Garkuwar Jama'a, wanda shi ne karon farko da kowace kungiya ta taba rike dukkan kofunan kwallon kafa hudu na Ingila a lokaci guda. A matakin nahiyar, kulob din ya samu ci gaba a cikin 2020-21, inda ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Zakarun Turai na farko. A cikin duk wani al'amari na Turanci, City ta yi rashin nasara 0-1 a Chelsea a Estádio do Dragão a [[Porto]].<ref>http://www.heraldsun.com.au/sport/football/the-resources-and-power-of-sheikh-mansoor-makes-this-deal-a-seismic-moment-for-the-aleague/story-fni2wcjl-1226808309758</ref> Kakar 2022-23 ta zama mafi girma a tarihin ƙungiyar, yayin da Manchester City ta lashe kofin Premier karo na uku a jere, da gasar cin kofin FA da abokiyar hamayyarta Manchester United, da kuma kofin gasar zakarun Turai na farko a filin wasa na Olympics na Atatürk da ke Istanbul Inter [[Milano|Milan]], ta haka ne ke haɗa wani abu mai wuyar gaske - wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na nahiyar. Hanyar cin kofin zakarun Turai ya hada da nasarar da Bayern Munich ta yi a Turai, wadda ta sha kashi da ci 4-1, da kuma Real Madrid, wadda ta sha kashi a hannun City da ci 1-5.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20070205055003/http://www.plusmarketsgroup.com/details.shtml?ISIN=GB0005599336</ref> Zamanin Manchester City na ci gaba da fafatawa a gasa ya zo daidai da tuhume-tuhume da kuma a lokuta da dama da aka samu na keta dokokin Financial Fair Play (FFP) da dokokin Premier League. A cikin 2014, Manchester City ta kasance batun yarjejeniyar sasantawa da UEFA wanda, a cikin matakai da yawa, an sanya iyaka kan adadin 'yan wasan da za su iya yin rajista a cikin jerin sunayen 'yan wasan na UEFA da kuma adadin da za a iya kashewa. a kan canja wuri da kuɗin fa'idar ma'aikata, an kuma bayar da tarar.<ref>https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/10-things-you-need-know-about-manchester-clubs-humble-beginnings</ref> A cikin 2017, Premier League ta ci tarar Manchester City tare da dakatar da siyan wasu 'yan wasa na makarantar shekaru biyu bayan da aka same su da karya dokokin ci gaban matasa. A shekarar 2020, Kotun sauraron kararrakin wasanni (CAS) ta yanke hukuncin cewa wasu takunkumin da UEFA ta sanyawa kulob din bai dace ba, wanda hakan ya yi watsi da dakatarwar da City ta yi na tsawon shekaru biyu a Turai, amma duk da haka ta gano cewa kulob din ya keta ka'idojin UEFA ta hanyar rashin bayar da hadin kai da kuma kawo cikas ga kungiyar. bincike, kuma saboda wannan "tsanani mai tsanani" ya ci tarar kulob din. A cikin 2023, Premier League ta ba da sanarwar nata binciken zargin da ake yi wa Manchester City, inda take tuhumar kungiyar da keta dokokin FFP har 115 har zuwa kakar wasa ta 2017-18. ===Tarihin gasar=== *1892–1899 Division 2 (L2) *1899–1902 Division 1 (L1) *1902–1903 Division 2 (L2) *1903–1909 Division 1 (L1) *1909–1910 Division 2 (L2) *1910–1926 Division 1 (L1) *1926–1928 Division 2 (L2) *1928–1938 Division 1 (L1) *1938–1947 Division 2 (L2) *1947–1950 Division 1 (L1) *1950–1951 Division 2 (L2) *1951–1963 Division 1 (L1) *1963–1966 Division 2 (L2) *1966–1983 Division 1 (L1) *1983–1985 Division 2 (L2) *1985–1987 Division 1 (L1) *1987–1989 Division 2 (L2) *1989–1992 Division 1 (L1) *1992–1996 Premier League (L1) *1996–1998 Division 1 (L2) *1998–1999 Division 2 (L3) *1999–2000 Division 1 (2) *2000–2001 Premier League (L1) *2001–2002 Division 1 (L2) *2002– Premier League (L1) ==Launuka da kuma Alamun Kulob== Launukan gidan Manchester City shuɗi ne da fari. Launukan kit na gargajiya sun kasance ko dai maroon ko (daga shekarun 1960) ja da baki; duk da haka, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan an yi amfani da launuka da dama. Ba a san asalin launukan gidan kulob din ba, amma akwai alamun cewa kulob din ya sanya shudi tun 1892 ko kuma baya. Wani ɗan littafi mai suna Shahararrun Kungiyoyin Kwallon Kafa - Manchester City wanda aka buga a shekarun 1940 ya nuna cewa West Gorton (St. Marks) tun asali tana wasa da ja da baki, kuma rahotanni daga 1884 sun bayyana ƙungiyar sanye da baƙaƙen riga mai ɗauke da farar giciye, wanda ke nuna asalin ƙungiyar kamar haka. gefen coci. Yin amfani da launin ja da baƙar fata ba safai ba har yanzu ya fito ne daga imanin tsohon mataimakin manajan Malcolm Allison cewa ɗaukar launukan AC Milan zai ƙarfafa City ga ɗaukaka. Alamar Allison da alama yana aiki, tare da City ta lashe gasar cin kofin FA 1969, da 1970 kofin cin Kofin Jikiriku a 1970 yayin da ake adawa da Kungiyar Sky Blue. ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:City, Manchester}} [[Category: Kungiyoyi kwallon kafa]] ihae6dvqwkkjstd3twk2o1n6hens93x 878635 878634 2026-07-07T19:06:10Z Abdulmuddalib Iabrahim Salisu 14681 878635 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Manchester United FC - Manchester City FC, 25 October 2015 - 27.JPG|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 16.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 12.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 13.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 24.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 04.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 22.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester City FC trophies displayed at the Renzo Barbera Stadium 03.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester City FC trophies displayed at the Renzo Barbera Stadium 02.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:City of Manchester external view.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester United FC - Manchester City FC, 25 October 2015 - 04.JPG|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 10.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:City of Manchester Stadium Wikivoyage banner.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 27.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Arsenal vs Manchester City (2013).jpg|thumb]] '''Manchester City Football Club''' akan takaita sunan zuwa '''Man City''', ta kasance kulob ɗin ƙwararrun ƴan ƙwallon ƙafa ne dake zaune a garin [[Manchester]], England, UK, suna fafatawa a gasar [[Premier League]], babban gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar England. Manchester City ta fara amfani da kayan sawanta na gida mai launin girgije tun acikin shekarar 1894, kuma shi ne kakar ƙungiyar na farko da ta fara amfani da sunan ta na yanzu. Kulob ɗin ta lashe kofin league guda goma (wanda huɗu daga ciki a jere ta lashe su acikin shekara ta 2020-zuwa cikin shekara ta 2024 wanda hakan yasa ta zama ƙungiya ta farko da ta yi irin haka a tarihi) da lashe Kofin FA bakwai, da EFL takwas, FA Community Shield shida, Gasar UEFA Champions league ɗaya, da kuma European Cup Winners'Cup guda ɗaya. ==Tarihi== An kafa ƙungiyar acikin shekara ta alif ɗari takwas da tamanin 1880, ta shiga cikin gasar English Football League acikin shekara ta 1899,ta lashe babbar gasar na farko da Kofin FA|Kofin [[FIFA|fiFA]] a 1904 FA Cup Final shekara ta 1904. Sun samu nasarori a karshen shekara ta 1960s, inda suka lashe kofin League, fiFA Cup da League Cup a karkashin horarwar Joe Mercer da Malcolm Allison. Bayan rashin nasarar ta shekarar 1981 FA Cup Final, kulob din ta fada cikin rashin tagomashi,da samun Promotion and relegation|relegation har zuwa rukuni na uku a English football league system|English football. [[File:City of Manchester Stadium 2.jpg|thumb|Babban filin wasa na Manchester City ]] [[File:Josep Guardiola 2023-10-04 Fußball, Männer, UEFA Champions League, RB Leipzig - Manchester City FC 1DX 2797 (cropped).jpg|thumb|kocin Manchester City. Pep Guardiola.]] [[File:David Silva shaved Man City 2017 (36471171422) (cropped).jpg|thumb|Captain din Manchester city. David Silva]] Bayan dawowar su cikin gasar Premier League a shekara ta 2000s, An saida kulob din Manchester City acikin shekara ta 2008, wanda Abu Dhabi United Group suka saya a £210&nbsp;million, da samun sa jari da dama. Kulob ta samu nasarar lashe gasa da dama a tsakanin shekarun 2010s, kuma suka zama Kulob ta farko da ta samu kaiwa maki Premier League records and statistics#Points|100 points a kakar gasar [[premier league]]. Kudin shigar kulub din Manchester City shine na biyar a Deloitte Football Money League|fifth highest a duniya a tsakanin shekara ta 2017–har zuwa zuwa cikin shekara ta 2018 na kakar gasa, wanda yakai €527.7&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.deloitte.com/uk/en/pages/sports-business-group/articles/deloitte-football-money-league.html|title=Deloitte Football Money League 2018|date=23 January 2018|accessdate=23 January 2018|publisher=Deloitte}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://uk.businessinsider.com/the-20-most-popular-rich-list-football-teams-on-social-media-2018-8/#10-manchester-city-493-million-followers-11 |title=UK Business Insider |access-date=2019-01-26 |archive-date=2018-11-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181118041429/http://uk.businessinsider.com/the-20-most-popular-rich-list-football-teams-on-social-media-2018-8#10-manchester-city-493-million-followers-11 |url-status=dead }}</ref> acikin shekara ta 2018, kulub din ita ce na Biyar a Forbes' list of the most valuable football clubs|fifth most valuable a duniya da kudin da suka kai $2.47&nbsp;billion.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/mikeozanian/2018/06/12/the-worlds-most-valuable-soccer-teams-2018/#3dddb7c845c8|title=The World's Most Valuable Soccer Teams 2018|last=Ozanian|first=Mike|work=Forbes}}</ref>. [[File:2011 FA Cup Final Victory Parade (4).jpg|thumb|kungiyar Manchester City kenan a lokacin murnar lashe kofin FA acikin shekara ta 2011]] Kulub din nada babban hamayya sosai tsakanin ta da takwarar ta [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] a wasa tsakanin su da ake kira da Manchester Derby. ===Shekarun farko da nasarorin farko=== City ta sami karramawar farko ta hanyar cin nasara a rukuni na biyu acikin shekara ta 1899; tare da samun ci gaba zuwa matsayi mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingilishi, Rukunin Farko. Sun ci gaba da neman babbar karramawarsu ta farko a ranar 23 ga watan Afrilun shekara ta 1904, inda suka doke Bolton Wanderers 1–0 a Crystal Palace don lashe kofin FA; 'Yan wasan Blues sun yi rashin nasara a gasar League da Cup sau biyu a waccan kakar bayan sun kammala gasar zakarun Turai, amma duk da haka sun zama kulob na farko a Manchester da suka samu babbar daraja.Acikin shekarun da suka biyo bayan nasarar cin kofin FA, kulob din ya fuskanci zarge zarge na rashin bin ka'ida, wanda ya kai ga dakatar da 'yan wasa goma sha bakwai acikin shekara ta 1906, ciki har da kyaftin Billy Meredith, wanda daga baya ya wuce garin zuwa Manchester United. Wuta a hanyar Hyde ta lalata babbar tashar acikin shekara ta 1920, kuma a cikin shekara ta 1923 ƙungiyar ta koma sabon filin wasansu da aka gina a Maine Road a cikin Moss Side. A cikin shekarun 1930, Manchester City ta kai wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin FA sau biyu a jere, inda ta yi rashin nasara a hannun Everton acikin shekara ta 1933, kafin ta ci kofin da ta doke Portsmouth acikin shekara ta 1934. A lokacin gudu na cikin shekara ta 1934, kulob din ya karya tarihin zuwa gida mafi girma na kowane kulob a kwallon kafa ta Ingila. tarihi, yayin da magoya bayan 84,569 suka cika titin Maine a gasar cin kofin FA zagaye na shida da Stoke City - tarihin da ya tsaya har zuwa cikin shekara ta 2016. Kungiyar ta lashe gasar rukunin farko a karon farko a cikin shekara ta 1937, amma an sake fitar da ita a kakar wasa ta gaba, duk da zura kwallaye a raga. fiye da kowace kungiya a rukunin. Shekaru 20 bayan haka, wata ƙungiyar Birni ta yi wahayi zuwa ga tsarin dabara da aka sani da Revie Plan ta sake kai wasan karshe a gasar cin kofin FA a jere, a 1955 da 1956; kamar yadda a cikin 1930s, suka yi rashin nasara na farko, a Newcastle United, kuma suka ci na biyu. Wasan karshe na 1956, wanda Blues ta doke [[Birmingham]] City 3–1, ya ga golan City Bert Trautmann ya ci gaba da taka leda bayan karya wuyansa da rashin sani. ===Zamanin tauraro na farko da kalubalen da suka biyo baya=== Bayan an koma mataki na biyu a cikin 1963, nan gaba ta yi kamar ba ta da kyau tare da ƙarancin halartan gida na 8,015 da Swindon Town a cikin Janairu 1965. A lokacin bazara na 1965, an nada ƙungiyar gudanarwa ta Joe Mercer da Malcolm Allison . A kakar wasa ta farko a karkashin Mercer, Manchester City ta lashe kambun Division na Biyu kuma ta sanya hannu mai mahimmanci a Mike Summerbee da Colin Bell. Bayan shekaru biyu, a cikin 1967–68, City ta yi nasarar lashe kofin gasar a karo na biyu, inda ta doke makwabciyarta Manchester United a gasar a ranar karshe ta kakar wasan da ci 4-3 a Newcastle United. Karin kofuna sun biyo baya: City ta lashe kofin FA a 1969 kuma bayan shekara guda ta yi nasara a gasar cin kofin Turai, inda ta doke Górnik Zabrze 2–1 a 1970 na wasan karshe. Wannan ita ce karramawar da kulob din ya samu a Turai har zuwa nasarar da suka samu a gasar zakarun Turai ta 2022-23. Har ila yau, Blues ta lashe gasar cin kofin League a waccan shekarar, inda ta zama tawagar Ingila ta biyu da ta lashe kofin Turai da kofin gida a kakar wasa guda. Kulob din ya ci gaba da kalubalantar daukaka a cikin shekarun 1970s, inda ya kammala maki daya a bayan zakarun gasar a lokuta biyu kuma ya kai wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin League na 1974. Daya daga cikin wasannin na wannan lokacin da magoya bayan Manchester City ke tunawa da su shi ne wasan karshe na kakar 1973-74 da abokan hamayyarta na Manchester United, wadanda ke bukatar yin nasara don samun wani begen gujewa faduwa. Tsohon dan wasan United Denis Law ya zura kwallo da diddige don bai wa City nasara da ci 1-0 a Old Trafford da kuma tabbatar da faduwa daga abokan hamayyarsu. Kofin karshe na lokacin da ya fi samun nasara a kungiyar a karni na 20 an ci shi ne a shekarar 1976, lokacin da aka doke Newcastle United da ci 2-1 a wasan karshe na cin kofin League. Wani dogon lokaci na biyo bayan nasarar shekarun 1960 da 1970. Malcolm Allison ya koma kulob din ya zama koci karo na biyu a shekarar 1979, amma ya yi almubazzaranci da makudan kudade kan sa hannu da dama da ba su yi nasara ba, irin su Steve Daley. Bayan haka, wasu manajoji sun biyo baya - bakwai a cikin 1980s kadai. Karkashin John Bond, City ta kai wasan karshe na cin kofin FA na 1981 amma ta sha kashi a karawar da Tottenham Hotspur ta yi. Sau biyu kulob din ya yi fice daga matakin farko a cikin shekarun 1980 (a cikin 1983 da 1987), amma kuma ya koma mataki na farko a 1989 kuma ya kare a matsayi na biyar a 1991 da 1992 a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Peter Reid. Koyaya, wannan ɗan hutu ne kawai, kuma bayan tafiyar Reid dukiyar Manchester City ta ci gaba da dusashewa. City ta kasance masu kafa ƙungiyar Premier League bayan ƙirƙirar ta a 1992, amma bayan da ta kare a matsayi na tara a kakar wasan farko, sun yi fama da gwagwarmaya na shekaru uku kafin a sake su a 1996. mafi ƙasƙanci a tarihin su, zama na biyu da suka lashe kofin Turai da aka sake komawa gasar rukuni-rukuni na ƙasarsu bayan 1. FC Magdeburg ta [[Jamus]]. ===Farfadowa ta biyu=== Bayan da aka tashi daga gasar, kulob din ya fuskanci tashe-tashen hankula a waje, tare da sabon shugaban David Bernstein ya gabatar da ingantaccen tsarin kasafin kudi. Karkashin kociyan Joe Royle, City ta sami daukaka a yunkurin farko, wanda aka samu ta hanyar ban mamaki a wasan karshe na rukuni na biyu da Gillingham. Matsayin ci gaba na biyu a jere ya ga City ta koma mataki na gaba, amma wannan ya zama mataki mai nisa ga ƙungiyar da ke murmurewa, kuma a cikin 2001 An sake komawa City sau ɗaya. Kevin Keegan ya maye gurbin Royle a matsayin koci a ƙarshen kakar wasa ta ƙarshe, kuma ya samu koma baya nan da nan zuwa babban rukuni yayin da ƙungiyar ta lashe gasar rukunin farko ta 2001-2002, ta karya tarihin ƙungiyar na yawan maki da aka zura a raga a kakar wasa ɗaya a gasar. tsari. Kakar 2002–03 ita ce ta ƙarshe a Maine Road kuma ta haɗa da 3-1 derby nasara akan abokan hammayarsu Manchester United, wanda ya kawo karshen shekara 13 da aka yi ba tare da nasara ba. Bugu da ƙari, City ta cancanci shiga gasar Turai a karon farko cikin shekaru 25 ta hanyar UEFA fair play ranking. A karshen kakar wasa ta 2003–04, kulob din ya koma sabon City na filin wasa na Manchester. Shekaru hudu na farko a filin wasa duk sun haifar da kammala tsakiyar tebur. Tsohon manajan Ingila Sven-Göran Eriksson ya zama kociyan kungiyar na kasashen waje na farko lokacin da aka nada shi a shekarar 2007. Bayan fara wasa mai kyau, wasan kwaikwayo ya dusashe a rabin na biyu na kakar wasa, kuma an kori Eriksson a ranar 2 ga Yuni 2008; Mark Hughes ya maye gurbinsa bayan kwana biyu. A shekara ta 2008, Manchester City ta kasance cikin mawuyacin hali na rashin kuɗi. Thaksin Shinawatra ya karbi ragamar kulab din a shekarar da ta gabata, amma fafutukar siyasarsa ta ga kadarorinsa sun daskare. Sannan, a cikin Agusta 2008, Ƙungiyar Abu Dhabi United ta sayi Birni. Taken ya biyo bayan yunƙurin neman manyan ‘yan wasa; Kulob din ya karya tarihin sayan 'yan wasa na Biritaniya ta hanyar siyan Robinho dan kasar [[Brazil]] daga Real Madrid kan fan miliyan 32.5. Ba a samu wani gagarumin ci gaba ba idan aka kwatanta da kakar da ta gabata duk da kwararar kudi duk da haka, kungiyar ta kare a mataki na goma, duk da cewa ta yi rawar gani ta kai wasan daf da na kusa da karshe a gasar cin kofin UEFA. A lokacin bazara na 2009, ƙungiyar ta ɗauki kashe kuɗin canja wuri zuwa matakin da ba a taɓa gani ba, tare da kashe sama da fam miliyan 100 akan 'yan wasa Gareth Barry, Roque Santa Cruz, Kolo Touré, Emmanuel Adebayor, Carlos Tevez, da Joleon Lescott. A cikin Disamba 2009, Mark Hughes - wanda aka ɗauke shi aiki jim kaɗan kafin canjin ikon mallakar amma tun asali sabuwar hukumar ta riƙe shi - Roberto Mancini ya maye gurbinsa a matsayin manaja. City ta kammala kakar wasa a matsayi na biyar a gasar Premier, da kyar ta rasa gurbin shiga gasar zakarun Turai amma ta cancanci shiga gasar UEFA Europa League. ===Zaman tauraro na biyu da zuwan Pep Guardiola=== Ci gaba da saka hannun jari a cikin 'yan wasa ya biyo baya a lokuta masu zuwa, kuma sakamakon ya fara daidai da haɓakar ingancin ɗan wasa. City ta kai wasan karshe na cin kofin FA a shekarar 2011, babban wasan karshe na farko cikin sama da shekaru 30, bayan da ta doke abokiyar hamayyarta Manchester United a wasan kusa da na karshe, karo na farko da ta fitar da abokiyar karawarta daga gasar cin kofin tun 1975. Blues ta doke Stoke. City 1–0 a wasan karshe, inda ta samu nasarar cin kofin FA karo na biyar da kuma babban kofi na farko da kungiyar ta lashe tun bayan lashe kofin League na 1976. A ranar karshe ta kakar 2010-2011, City ta doke [[Arsenal F.C.]] a matsayi na uku, ta yadda ta samu cancantar shiga gasar zakarun Turai kai tsaye a group stage. An ci gaba da yin wasanni masu ƙarfi da kuma cimma nasarori a kakar wasa ta 2011–12, gami da nasarar da suka yi da Tottenham da ci 5–1 a White Hart Lane da kuma nasarar da ta yi daidai da 6–1 a kan Manchester United a Old Trafford, amma rashin kyawun tsari a rabin na biyu kakar wasan dai ya bar City a matsayi na biyu da maki takwas tsakaninta da United saura wasanni shida kacal a buga. A wannan lokacin, United ta yi rashin nasara a kan ta, inda ta yi kasa da maki takwas a cikin wasanni hudu, yayin da City ta fara samun nasara a jere, wanda ya sa kungiyoyin biyu suka tashi da maki daya saura wasanni biyu. Duk da Buluwa kawai suna bukatar nasara a gida da Queens Park Rangers, kungiya a yankin relegation, sun fadi a baya da ci 1-2 a karshen lokacin al'ada. Duk da haka, kwallaye biyu da aka zura a lokacin rauni – na biyu da Sergio Agüero ya zura a cikin minti na hudu da aka kara - ya daidaita kambin da City ta samu, wanda hakan ya sanya ta zama kungiya ta farko da ta lashe gasar Premier da maki kadai. A kakar wasa ta gaba, City ta kasa yin kwafin nasarar da ta samu a shekarar da ta gabata. Bayan kammala gasar ta biyu a gasar, maki goma sha daya a bayan Manchester United, da rashin nasara a gasar cin kofin FA 0–1 a hannun Wigan Athletic da ta koma mataki na daya, an kori Mancini. Manajan Chilean Manuel Pellegrini ne ya maye gurbinsa. A shekarar farko ta Pellegrini, City ta lashe kofin League kuma ta sake samun kofin Premier a ranar wasan karshe na kakar wasa. Tsarin gasar kungiyar sannan sannu a hankali ya ragu cikin shekaru biyu masu zuwa, yayin da Blues din ta kare a matsayi na biyu a 2014–15 sannan ta koma ta hudu a cikin 2015–16, kodayake kakar 2015–16 za ta ga City ta lashe wani kofin gasar Gasar Zakarun Turai na kusa da na karshe a karon farko. Pep Guardiola, tsohon kocin Barcelona da Bayern Munich, an tabbatar da zama sabon kocin Manchester City a ranar 1 ga Fabrairun 2016, tare da sanar da sanarwar watanni da yawa kafin Manuel Pellegrini ya bar mukaminsa. Kakar farko ta Guardiola a Manchester za ta kawo karshen gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai, inda Blues ke matsayi na uku a kan teburin gasar, amma kakar wasan da ta biyo baya ta samu nasara sosai, yayin da City ta lashe kofin Premier da maki mafi girma a tarihi tare da karya wasu kungiyoyi da na Ingila da dama. rubuce-rubuce a kan hanya. Wannan zai zama farkon nasarar da Manchester City ta samu a karkashin Guardiola. Tsakanin wasannin 2017-18 da 2022-23 na gasar Premier, City ta lashe kofunan lig biyar cikin shida, inda ta zo ta biyu a bayan Liverpool a kakar wasa ta 2019-20. Guardiola ya kuma jagoranci Blues zuwa gasar cin kofin gida, wanda aka haskaka ta nasarar cin Kofin League guda hudu a jere a 2018-2021. A lokacin kakar 2018-2019, City ta kammala babban gasar cikin gida da ba a taɓa gani ba na taken maza na Ingilishi. Baya ga lashe dukkanin manyan gasa uku na gasar kwallon kafa ta Ingila, sun kuma lashe Garkuwar Jama'a, wanda shi ne karon farko da kowace kungiya ta taba rike dukkan kofunan kwallon kafa hudu na Ingila a lokaci guda. A matakin nahiyar, kulob din ya samu ci gaba a cikin 2020-21, inda ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Zakarun Turai na farko. A cikin duk wani al'amari na Turanci, City ta yi rashin nasara 0-1 a Chelsea a Estádio do Dragão a [[Porto]].<ref>http://www.heraldsun.com.au/sport/football/the-resources-and-power-of-sheikh-mansoor-makes-this-deal-a-seismic-moment-for-the-aleague/story-fni2wcjl-1226808309758</ref> Kakar 2022-23 ta zama mafi girma a tarihin ƙungiyar, yayin da Manchester City ta lashe kofin Premier karo na uku a jere, da gasar cin kofin FA da abokiyar hamayyarta Manchester United, da kuma kofin gasar zakarun Turai na farko a filin wasa na Olympics na Atatürk da ke Istanbul Inter [[Milano|Milan]], ta haka ne ke haɗa wani abu mai wuyar gaske - wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na nahiyar. Hanyar cin kofin zakarun Turai ya hada da nasarar da Bayern Munich ta yi a Turai, wadda ta sha kashi da ci 4-1, da kuma Real Madrid, wadda ta sha kashi a hannun City da ci 1-5.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20070205055003/http://www.plusmarketsgroup.com/details.shtml?ISIN=GB0005599336</ref> Zamanin Manchester City na ci gaba da fafatawa a gasa ya zo daidai da tuhume-tuhume da kuma a lokuta da dama da aka samu na keta dokokin Financial Fair Play (FFP) da dokokin Premier League. A cikin 2014, Manchester City ta kasance batun yarjejeniyar sasantawa da UEFA wanda, a cikin matakai da yawa, an sanya iyaka kan adadin 'yan wasan da za su iya yin rajista a cikin jerin sunayen 'yan wasan na UEFA da kuma adadin da za a iya kashewa. a kan canja wuri da kuɗin fa'idar ma'aikata, an kuma bayar da tarar.<ref>https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/10-things-you-need-know-about-manchester-clubs-humble-beginnings</ref> A cikin 2017, Premier League ta ci tarar Manchester City tare da dakatar da siyan wasu 'yan wasa na makarantar shekaru biyu bayan da aka same su da karya dokokin ci gaban matasa. A shekarar 2020, Kotun sauraron kararrakin wasanni (CAS) ta yanke hukuncin cewa wasu takunkumin da UEFA ta sanyawa kulob din bai dace ba, wanda hakan ya yi watsi da dakatarwar da City ta yi na tsawon shekaru biyu a Turai, amma duk da haka ta gano cewa kulob din ya keta ka'idojin UEFA ta hanyar rashin bayar da hadin kai da kuma kawo cikas ga kungiyar. bincike, kuma saboda wannan "tsanani mai tsanani" ya ci tarar kulob din. A cikin 2023, Premier League ta ba da sanarwar nata binciken zargin da ake yi wa Manchester City, inda take tuhumar kungiyar da keta dokokin FFP har 115 har zuwa kakar wasa ta 2017-18. ===Tarihin gasar=== *1892–1899 Division 2 (L2) *1899–1902 Division 1 (L1) *1902–1903 Division 2 (L2) *1903–1909 Division 1 (L1) *1909–1910 Division 2 (L2) *1910–1926 Division 1 (L1) *1926–1928 Division 2 (L2) *1928–1938 Division 1 (L1) *1938–1947 Division 2 (L2) *1947–1950 Division 1 (L1) *1950–1951 Division 2 (L2) *1951–1963 Division 1 (L1) *1963–1966 Division 2 (L2) *1966–1983 Division 1 (L1) *1983–1985 Division 2 (L2) *1985–1987 Division 1 (L1) *1987–1989 Division 2 (L2) *1989–1992 Division 1 (L1) *1992–1996 Premier League (L1) *1996–1998 Division 1 (L2) *1998–1999 Division 2 (L3) *1999–2000 Division 1 (2) *2000–2001 Premier League (L1) *2001–2002 Division 1 (L2) *2002– Premier League (L1) ==Launuka da kuma Alamun Kulob== Launukan gidan Manchester City shuɗi ne da fari. Launukan kit na gargajiya sun kasance ko dai maroon ko (daga shekarun 1960) ja da baki; duk da haka, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan an yi amfani da launuka da dama. Ba a san asalin launukan gidan kulob din ba, amma akwai alamun cewa kulob din ya sanya shudi tun 1892 ko kuma baya. Wani ɗan littafi mai suna Shahararrun Kungiyoyin Kwallon Kafa - Manchester City wanda aka buga a shekarun 1940 ya nuna cewa West Gorton (St. Marks) tun asali tana wasa da ja da baki, kuma rahotanni daga 1884 sun bayyana ƙungiyar sanye da baƙaƙen riga mai ɗauke da farar giciye, wanda ke nuna asalin ƙungiyar kamar haka. gefen coci. Yin amfani da launin ja da baƙar fata ba safai ba har yanzu ya fito ne daga imanin tsohon mataimakin manajan Malcolm Allison cewa ɗaukar launukan AC Milan zai ƙarfafa City ga ɗaukaka. Alamar Allison da alama yana aiki, tare da City ta lashe gasar cin kofin FA 1969, da 1970 kofin cin Kofin Jikiriku a 1970 yayin da ake adawa da Kungiyar Sky Blue. ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:City, Manchester}} [[Category: Kungiyoyi kwallon kafa]] kr9nui1cshokcx823spazukpzlfxfo2 878637 878635 2026-07-07T19:07:45Z Abdulmuddalib Iabrahim Salisu 14681 878637 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Manchester United FC - Manchester City FC, 25 October 2015 - 27.JPG|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 16.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 12.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 13.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 24.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 04.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 22.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester City FC trophies displayed at the Renzo Barbera Stadium 03.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester City FC trophies displayed at the Renzo Barbera Stadium 02.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:City of Manchester external view.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester United FC - Manchester City FC, 25 October 2015 - 04.JPG|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 10.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:City of Manchester Stadium Wikivoyage banner.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 27.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Arsenal vs Manchester City (2013).jpg|thumb]] '''Manchester City Football Club''' akan takaita sunan zuwa '''Man City''', ta kasance kulob ɗin ƙwararrun ƴan ƙwallon ƙafa ne dake zaune a garin [[Manchester]], England, UK, suna fafatawa a gasar [[Premier League]], babban gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar England. Manchester City ta fara amfani da kayan sawanta na gida mai launin girgije tun acikin shekarar 1894, kuma shi ne kakar ƙungiyar na farko da ta fara amfani da sunan ta na yanzu. Kulob ɗin ta lashe kofin league guda goma (wanda huɗu daga ciki a jere ta lashe su acikin shekara ta 2020-zuwa cikin shekara ta 2024 wanda hakan yasa ta zama ƙungiya ta farko da ta yi irin haka a tarihi) da lashe Kofin FA bakwai, da EFL takwas, FA Community Shield shida, Gasar UEFA Champions league ɗaya, da kuma European Cup Winners'Cup guda ɗaya. ==Tarihi== An kafa ƙungiyar acikin shekara ta alif ɗari takwas da tamanin 1880, ta shiga cikin gasar English Football League acikin shekara ta 1899,ta lashe babbar gasar na farko da Kofin FA|Kofin [[FIFA|fiFA]] a 1904 FA Cup Final shekara ta 1904. Sun samu nasarori a karshen shekara ta 1960s, inda suka lashe kofin League, fiFA Cup da League Cup a karkashin horarwar Joe Mercer da Malcolm Allison. Bayan rashin nasarar ta shekarar 1981 FA Cup Final, kulob din ta fada cikin rashin tagomashi,da samun Promotion and relegation|relegation har zuwa rukuni na uku a English football league system|English football. [[File:City of Manchester Stadium 2.jpg|thumb|Babban filin wasa na Manchester City ]] [[File:Josep Guardiola 2023-10-04 Fußball, Männer, UEFA Champions League, RB Leipzig - Manchester City FC 1DX 2797 (cropped).jpg|thumb|kocin Manchester City. Pep Guardiola.]] [[File:David Silva shaved Man City 2017 (36471171422) (cropped).jpg|thumb|Captain din Manchester city. David Silva]] Bayan dawowar su cikin gasar Premier League a shekara ta 2000s, An saida kulob din Manchester City acikin shekara ta 2008, wanda Abu Dhabi United Group suka saya a £210&nbsp;million, da samun sa jari da dama. Kulob ta samu nasarar lashe gasa da dama a tsakanin shekarun 2010s, kuma suka zama Kulob ta farko da ta samu kaiwa maki Premier League records and statistics#Points|100 points a kakar gasar [[premier league]]. Kudin shigar kulub din Manchester City shine na biyar a Deloitte Football Money League|fifth highest a duniya a tsakanin shekara ta 2017–har zuwa zuwa cikin shekara ta 2018 na kakar gasa, wanda yakai €527.7&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.deloitte.com/uk/en/pages/sports-business-group/articles/deloitte-football-money-league.html|title=Deloitte Football Money League 2018|date=23 January 2018|accessdate=23 January 2018|publisher=Deloitte}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://uk.businessinsider.com/the-20-most-popular-rich-list-football-teams-on-social-media-2018-8/#10-manchester-city-493-million-followers-11 |title=UK Business Insider |access-date=2019-01-26 |archive-date=2018-11-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181118041429/http://uk.businessinsider.com/the-20-most-popular-rich-list-football-teams-on-social-media-2018-8#10-manchester-city-493-million-followers-11 |url-status=dead }}</ref> acikin shekara ta 2018, kulub din ita ce na Biyar a Forbes' list of the most valuable football clubs|fifth most valuable a duniya da kudin da suka kai $2.47&nbsp;billion.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/mikeozanian/2018/06/12/the-worlds-most-valuable-soccer-teams-2018/#3dddb7c845c8|title=The World's Most Valuable Soccer Teams 2018|last=Ozanian|first=Mike|work=Forbes}}</ref>. [[File:2011 FA Cup Final Victory Parade (4).jpg|thumb|kungiyar Manchester City kenan a lokacin murnar lashe kofin FA acikin shekara ta 2011]] Kulub din nada babban hamayya sosai tsakanin ta da takwarar ta [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] a wasa tsakanin su da ake kira da Manchester Derby. ===Shekarun farko da nasarorin farko=== City ta sami karramawar farko ta hanyar cin nasara a rukuni na biyu acikin shekara ta 1899; tare da samun ci gaba zuwa matsayi mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingilishi, Rukunin Farko. Sun ci gaba da neman babbar karramawarsu ta farko a ranar 23 ga watan Afrilun shekara ta 1904, inda suka doke Bolton Wanderers 1–0 a Crystal Palace don lashe kofin FA; 'Yan wasan Blues sun yi rashin nasara a gasar League da Cup sau biyu a waccan kakar bayan sun kammala gasar zakarun Turai, amma duk da haka sun zama kulob na farko a Manchester da suka samu babbar daraja.Acikin shekarun da suka biyo bayan nasarar cin kofin FA, kulob din ya fuskanci zarge zarge na rashin bin ka'ida, wanda ya kai ga dakatar da 'yan wasa goma sha bakwai acikin shekara ta 1906, ciki har da kyaftin Billy Meredith, wanda daga baya ya wuce garin zuwa Manchester United. Wuta a hanyar Hyde ta lalata babbar tashar acikin shekara ta 1920, kuma a cikin shekara ta 1923 ƙungiyar ta koma sabon filin wasansu da aka gina a Maine Road a cikin Moss Side. A cikin shekarun 1930, Manchester City ta kai wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin FA sau biyu a jere, inda ta yi rashin nasara a hannun Everton acikin shekara ta 1933, kafin ta ci kofin da ta doke Portsmouth acikin shekara ta 1934. A lokacin gudu na cikin shekara ta 1934, kulob din ya karya tarihin zuwa gida mafi girma na kowane kulob a kwallon kafa ta Ingila. tarihi, yayin da magoya bayan 84,569 suka cika titin Maine a gasar cin kofin FA zagaye na shida da Stoke City - tarihin da ya tsaya har zuwa cikin shekara ta 2016. Kungiyar ta lashe gasar rukunin farko a karon farko a cikin shekara ta 1937, amma an sake fitar da ita a kakar wasa ta gaba, duk da zura kwallaye a raga. fiye da kowace kungiya a rukunin. Shekaru 20 bayan haka, wata ƙungiyar Birni ta yi wahayi zuwa ga tsarin dabara da aka sani da Revie Plan ta sake kai wasan karshe a gasar cin kofin FA a jere, a 1955 da 1956; kamar yadda a cikin 1930s, suka yi rashin nasara na farko, a Newcastle United, kuma suka ci na biyu. Wasan karshe da tayi 1956, wanda Blues ta doke [[Birmingham]] City 3–1, ya ga golan City Bert Trautmann ya ci gaba da taka leda bayan karya wuyansa da rashin sani. ===Zamanin tauraro na farko da kalubalen da suka biyo baya=== Bayan an koma mataki na biyu a cikin 1963, nan gaba ta yi kamar ba ta da kyau tare da ƙarancin halartan gida na 8,015 da Swindon Town a cikin Janairu 1965. A lokacin bazara na 1965, an nada ƙungiyar gudanarwa ta Joe Mercer da Malcolm Allison . A kakar wasa ta farko a karkashin Mercer, Manchester City ta lashe kambun Division na Biyu kuma ta sanya hannu mai mahimmanci a Mike Summerbee da Colin Bell. Bayan shekaru biyu, a cikin 1967–68, City ta yi nasarar lashe kofin gasar a karo na biyu, inda ta doke makwabciyarta Manchester United a gasar a ranar karshe ta kakar wasan da ci 4-3 a Newcastle United. Karin kofuna sun biyo baya: City ta lashe kofin FA a 1969 kuma bayan shekara guda ta yi nasara a gasar cin kofin Turai, inda ta doke Górnik Zabrze 2–1 a 1970 na wasan karshe. Wannan ita ce karramawar da kulob din ya samu a Turai har zuwa nasarar da suka samu a gasar zakarun Turai ta 2022-23. Har ila yau, Blues ta lashe gasar cin kofin League a waccan shekarar, inda ta zama tawagar Ingila ta biyu da ta lashe kofin Turai da kofin gida a kakar wasa guda. Kulob din ya ci gaba da kalubalantar daukaka a cikin shekarun 1970s, inda ya kammala maki daya a bayan zakarun gasar a lokuta biyu kuma ya kai wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin League na 1974. Daya daga cikin wasannin na wannan lokacin da magoya bayan Manchester City ke tunawa da su shi ne wasan karshe na kakar 1973-74 da abokan hamayyarta na Manchester United, wadanda ke bukatar yin nasara don samun wani begen gujewa faduwa. Tsohon dan wasan United Denis Law ya zura kwallo da diddige don bai wa City nasara da ci 1-0 a Old Trafford da kuma tabbatar da faduwa daga abokan hamayyarsu. Kofin karshe na lokacin da ya fi samun nasara a kungiyar a karni na 20 an ci shi ne a shekarar 1976, lokacin da aka doke Newcastle United da ci 2-1 a wasan karshe na cin kofin League. Wani dogon lokaci na biyo bayan nasarar shekarun 1960 da 1970. Malcolm Allison ya koma kulob din ya zama koci karo na biyu a shekarar 1979, amma ya yi almubazzaranci da makudan kudade kan sa hannu da dama da ba su yi nasara ba, irin su Steve Daley. Bayan haka, wasu manajoji sun biyo baya - bakwai a cikin 1980s kadai. Karkashin John Bond, City ta kai wasan karshe na cin kofin FA na 1981 amma ta sha kashi a karawar da Tottenham Hotspur ta yi. Sau biyu kulob din ya yi fice daga matakin farko a cikin shekarun 1980 (a cikin 1983 da 1987), amma kuma ya koma mataki na farko a 1989 kuma ya kare a matsayi na biyar a 1991 da 1992 a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Peter Reid. Koyaya, wannan ɗan hutu ne kawai, kuma bayan tafiyar Reid dukiyar Manchester City ta ci gaba da dusashewa. City ta kasance masu kafa ƙungiyar Premier League bayan ƙirƙirar ta a 1992, amma bayan da ta kare a matsayi na tara a kakar wasan farko, sun yi fama da gwagwarmaya na shekaru uku kafin a sake su a 1996. mafi ƙasƙanci a tarihin su, zama na biyu da suka lashe kofin Turai da aka sake komawa gasar rukuni-rukuni na ƙasarsu bayan 1. FC Magdeburg ta [[Jamus]]. ===Farfadowa ta biyu=== Bayan da aka tashi daga gasar, kulob din ya fuskanci tashe-tashen hankula a waje, tare da sabon shugaban David Bernstein ya gabatar da ingantaccen tsarin kasafin kudi. Karkashin kociyan Joe Royle, City ta sami daukaka a yunkurin farko, wanda aka samu ta hanyar ban mamaki a wasan karshe na rukuni na biyu da Gillingham. Matsayin ci gaba na biyu a jere ya ga City ta koma mataki na gaba, amma wannan ya zama mataki mai nisa ga ƙungiyar da ke murmurewa, kuma a cikin 2001 An sake komawa City sau ɗaya. Kevin Keegan ya maye gurbin Royle a matsayin koci a ƙarshen kakar wasa ta ƙarshe, kuma ya samu koma baya nan da nan zuwa babban rukuni yayin da ƙungiyar ta lashe gasar rukunin farko ta 2001-2002, ta karya tarihin ƙungiyar na yawan maki da aka zura a raga a kakar wasa ɗaya a gasar. tsari. Kakar 2002–03 ita ce ta ƙarshe a Maine Road kuma ta haɗa da 3-1 derby nasara akan abokan hammayarsu Manchester United, wanda ya kawo karshen shekara 13 da aka yi ba tare da nasara ba. Bugu da ƙari, City ta cancanci shiga gasar Turai a karon farko cikin shekaru 25 ta hanyar UEFA fair play ranking. A karshen kakar wasa ta 2003–04, kulob din ya koma sabon City na filin wasa na Manchester. Shekaru hudu na farko a filin wasa duk sun haifar da kammala tsakiyar tebur. Tsohon manajan Ingila Sven-Göran Eriksson ya zama kociyan kungiyar na kasashen waje na farko lokacin da aka nada shi a shekarar 2007. Bayan fara wasa mai kyau, wasan kwaikwayo ya dusashe a rabin na biyu na kakar wasa, kuma an kori Eriksson a ranar 2 ga Yuni 2008; Mark Hughes ya maye gurbinsa bayan kwana biyu. A shekara ta 2008, Manchester City ta kasance cikin mawuyacin hali na rashin kuɗi. Thaksin Shinawatra ya karbi ragamar kulab din a shekarar da ta gabata, amma fafutukar siyasarsa ta ga kadarorinsa sun daskare. Sannan, a cikin Agusta 2008, Ƙungiyar Abu Dhabi United ta sayi Birni. Taken ya biyo bayan yunƙurin neman manyan ‘yan wasa; Kulob din ya karya tarihin sayan 'yan wasa na Biritaniya ta hanyar siyan Robinho dan kasar [[Brazil]] daga Real Madrid kan fan miliyan 32.5. Ba a samu wani gagarumin ci gaba ba idan aka kwatanta da kakar da ta gabata duk da kwararar kudi duk da haka, kungiyar ta kare a mataki na goma, duk da cewa ta yi rawar gani ta kai wasan daf da na kusa da karshe a gasar cin kofin UEFA. A lokacin bazara na 2009, ƙungiyar ta ɗauki kashe kuɗin canja wuri zuwa matakin da ba a taɓa gani ba, tare da kashe sama da fam miliyan 100 akan 'yan wasa Gareth Barry, Roque Santa Cruz, Kolo Touré, Emmanuel Adebayor, Carlos Tevez, da Joleon Lescott. A cikin Disamba 2009, Mark Hughes - wanda aka ɗauke shi aiki jim kaɗan kafin canjin ikon mallakar amma tun asali sabuwar hukumar ta riƙe shi - Roberto Mancini ya maye gurbinsa a matsayin manaja. City ta kammala kakar wasa a matsayi na biyar a gasar Premier, da kyar ta rasa gurbin shiga gasar zakarun Turai amma ta cancanci shiga gasar UEFA Europa League. ===Zaman tauraro na biyu da zuwan Pep Guardiola=== Ci gaba da saka hannun jari a cikin 'yan wasa ya biyo baya a lokuta masu zuwa, kuma sakamakon ya fara daidai da haɓakar ingancin ɗan wasa. City ta kai wasan karshe na cin kofin FA a shekarar 2011, babban wasan karshe na farko cikin sama da shekaru 30, bayan da ta doke abokiyar hamayyarta Manchester United a wasan kusa da na karshe, karo na farko da ta fitar da abokiyar karawarta daga gasar cin kofin tun 1975. Blues ta doke Stoke. City 1–0 a wasan karshe, inda ta samu nasarar cin kofin FA karo na biyar da kuma babban kofi na farko da kungiyar ta lashe tun bayan lashe kofin League na 1976. A ranar karshe ta kakar 2010-2011, City ta doke [[Arsenal F.C.]] a matsayi na uku, ta yadda ta samu cancantar shiga gasar zakarun Turai kai tsaye a group stage. An ci gaba da yin wasanni masu ƙarfi da kuma cimma nasarori a kakar wasa ta 2011–12, gami da nasarar da suka yi da Tottenham da ci 5–1 a White Hart Lane da kuma nasarar da ta yi daidai da 6–1 a kan Manchester United a Old Trafford, amma rashin kyawun tsari a rabin na biyu kakar wasan dai ya bar City a matsayi na biyu da maki takwas tsakaninta da United saura wasanni shida kacal a buga. A wannan lokacin, United ta yi rashin nasara a kan ta, inda ta yi kasa da maki takwas a cikin wasanni hudu, yayin da City ta fara samun nasara a jere, wanda ya sa kungiyoyin biyu suka tashi da maki daya saura wasanni biyu. Duk da Buluwa kawai suna bukatar nasara a gida da Queens Park Rangers, kungiya a yankin relegation, sun fadi a baya da ci 1-2 a karshen lokacin al'ada. Duk da haka, kwallaye biyu da aka zura a lokacin rauni – na biyu da Sergio Agüero ya zura a cikin minti na hudu da aka kara - ya daidaita kambin da City ta samu, wanda hakan ya sanya ta zama kungiya ta farko da ta lashe gasar Premier da maki kadai. A kakar wasa ta gaba, City ta kasa yin kwafin nasarar da ta samu a shekarar da ta gabata. Bayan kammala gasar ta biyu a gasar, maki goma sha daya a bayan Manchester United, da rashin nasara a gasar cin kofin FA 0–1 a hannun Wigan Athletic da ta koma mataki na daya, an kori Mancini. Manajan Chilean Manuel Pellegrini ne ya maye gurbinsa. A shekarar farko ta Pellegrini, City ta lashe kofin League kuma ta sake samun kofin Premier a ranar wasan karshe na kakar wasa. Tsarin gasar kungiyar sannan sannu a hankali ya ragu cikin shekaru biyu masu zuwa, yayin da Blues din ta kare a matsayi na biyu a 2014–15 sannan ta koma ta hudu a cikin 2015–16, kodayake kakar 2015–16 za ta ga City ta lashe wani kofin gasar Gasar Zakarun Turai na kusa da na karshe a karon farko. Pep Guardiola, tsohon kocin Barcelona da Bayern Munich, an tabbatar da zama sabon kocin Manchester City a ranar 1 ga Fabrairun 2016, tare da sanar da sanarwar watanni da yawa kafin Manuel Pellegrini ya bar mukaminsa. Kakar farko ta Guardiola a Manchester za ta kawo karshen gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai, inda Blues ke matsayi na uku a kan teburin gasar, amma kakar wasan da ta biyo baya ta samu nasara sosai, yayin da City ta lashe kofin Premier da maki mafi girma a tarihi tare da karya wasu kungiyoyi da na Ingila da dama. rubuce-rubuce a kan hanya. Wannan zai zama farkon nasarar da Manchester City ta samu a karkashin Guardiola. Tsakanin wasannin 2017-18 da 2022-23 na gasar Premier, City ta lashe kofunan lig biyar cikin shida, inda ta zo ta biyu a bayan Liverpool a kakar wasa ta 2019-20. Guardiola ya kuma jagoranci Blues zuwa gasar cin kofin gida, wanda aka haskaka ta nasarar cin Kofin League guda hudu a jere a 2018-2021. A lokacin kakar 2018-2019, City ta kammala babban gasar cikin gida da ba a taɓa gani ba na taken maza na Ingilishi. Baya ga lashe dukkanin manyan gasa uku na gasar kwallon kafa ta Ingila, sun kuma lashe Garkuwar Jama'a, wanda shi ne karon farko da kowace kungiya ta taba rike dukkan kofunan kwallon kafa hudu na Ingila a lokaci guda. A matakin nahiyar, kulob din ya samu ci gaba a cikin 2020-21, inda ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Zakarun Turai na farko. A cikin duk wani al'amari na Turanci, City ta yi rashin nasara 0-1 a Chelsea a Estádio do Dragão a [[Porto]].<ref>http://www.heraldsun.com.au/sport/football/the-resources-and-power-of-sheikh-mansoor-makes-this-deal-a-seismic-moment-for-the-aleague/story-fni2wcjl-1226808309758</ref> Kakar 2022-23 ta zama mafi girma a tarihin ƙungiyar, yayin da Manchester City ta lashe kofin Premier karo na uku a jere, da gasar cin kofin FA da abokiyar hamayyarta Manchester United, da kuma kofin gasar zakarun Turai na farko a filin wasa na Olympics na Atatürk da ke Istanbul Inter [[Milano|Milan]], ta haka ne ke haɗa wani abu mai wuyar gaske - wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na nahiyar. Hanyar cin kofin zakarun Turai ya hada da nasarar da Bayern Munich ta yi a Turai, wadda ta sha kashi da ci 4-1, da kuma Real Madrid, wadda ta sha kashi a hannun City da ci 1-5.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20070205055003/http://www.plusmarketsgroup.com/details.shtml?ISIN=GB0005599336</ref> Zamanin Manchester City na ci gaba da fafatawa a gasa ya zo daidai da tuhume-tuhume da kuma a lokuta da dama da aka samu na keta dokokin Financial Fair Play (FFP) da dokokin Premier League. A cikin 2014, Manchester City ta kasance batun yarjejeniyar sasantawa da UEFA wanda, a cikin matakai da yawa, an sanya iyaka kan adadin 'yan wasan da za su iya yin rajista a cikin jerin sunayen 'yan wasan na UEFA da kuma adadin da za a iya kashewa. a kan canja wuri da kuɗin fa'idar ma'aikata, an kuma bayar da tarar.<ref>https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/10-things-you-need-know-about-manchester-clubs-humble-beginnings</ref> A cikin 2017, Premier League ta ci tarar Manchester City tare da dakatar da siyan wasu 'yan wasa na makarantar shekaru biyu bayan da aka same su da karya dokokin ci gaban matasa. A shekarar 2020, Kotun sauraron kararrakin wasanni (CAS) ta yanke hukuncin cewa wasu takunkumin da UEFA ta sanyawa kulob din bai dace ba, wanda hakan ya yi watsi da dakatarwar da City ta yi na tsawon shekaru biyu a Turai, amma duk da haka ta gano cewa kulob din ya keta ka'idojin UEFA ta hanyar rashin bayar da hadin kai da kuma kawo cikas ga kungiyar. bincike, kuma saboda wannan "tsanani mai tsanani" ya ci tarar kulob din. A cikin 2023, Premier League ta ba da sanarwar nata binciken zargin da ake yi wa Manchester City, inda take tuhumar kungiyar da keta dokokin FFP har 115 har zuwa kakar wasa ta 2017-18. ===Tarihin gasar=== *1892–1899 Division 2 (L2) *1899–1902 Division 1 (L1) *1902–1903 Division 2 (L2) *1903–1909 Division 1 (L1) *1909–1910 Division 2 (L2) *1910–1926 Division 1 (L1) *1926–1928 Division 2 (L2) *1928–1938 Division 1 (L1) *1938–1947 Division 2 (L2) *1947–1950 Division 1 (L1) *1950–1951 Division 2 (L2) *1951–1963 Division 1 (L1) *1963–1966 Division 2 (L2) *1966–1983 Division 1 (L1) *1983–1985 Division 2 (L2) *1985–1987 Division 1 (L1) *1987–1989 Division 2 (L2) *1989–1992 Division 1 (L1) *1992–1996 Premier League (L1) *1996–1998 Division 1 (L2) *1998–1999 Division 2 (L3) *1999–2000 Division 1 (2) *2000–2001 Premier League (L1) *2001–2002 Division 1 (L2) *2002– Premier League (L1) ==Launuka da kuma Alamun Kulob== Launukan gidan Manchester City shuɗi ne da fari. Launukan kit na gargajiya sun kasance ko dai maroon ko (daga shekarun 1960) ja da baki; duk da haka, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan an yi amfani da launuka da dama. Ba a san asalin launukan gidan kulob din ba, amma akwai alamun cewa kulob din ya sanya shudi tun 1892 ko kuma baya. Wani ɗan littafi mai suna Shahararrun Kungiyoyin Kwallon Kafa - Manchester City wanda aka buga a shekarun 1940 ya nuna cewa West Gorton (St. Marks) tun asali tana wasa da ja da baki, kuma rahotanni daga 1884 sun bayyana ƙungiyar sanye da baƙaƙen riga mai ɗauke da farar giciye, wanda ke nuna asalin ƙungiyar kamar haka. gefen coci. Yin amfani da launin ja da baƙar fata ba safai ba har yanzu ya fito ne daga imanin tsohon mataimakin manajan Malcolm Allison cewa ɗaukar launukan AC Milan zai ƙarfafa City ga ɗaukaka. Alamar Allison da alama yana aiki, tare da City ta lashe gasar cin kofin FA 1969, da 1970 kofin cin Kofin Jikiriku a 1970 yayin da ake adawa da Kungiyar Sky Blue. ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:City, Manchester}} [[Category: Kungiyoyi kwallon kafa]] hwt6g4kvz26nh73ewmpdwp34zcjcr6p 878639 878637 2026-07-07T19:10:29Z Abdulmuddalib Iabrahim Salisu 14681 878639 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Manchester United FC - Manchester City FC, 25 October 2015 - 27.JPG|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 16.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 12.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 13.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 24.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 04.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 22.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester City FC trophies displayed at the Renzo Barbera Stadium 03.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester City FC trophies displayed at the Renzo Barbera Stadium 02.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:City of Manchester external view.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester United FC - Manchester City FC, 25 October 2015 - 04.JPG|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 10.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:City of Manchester Stadium Wikivoyage banner.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 27.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Arsenal vs Manchester City (2013).jpg|thumb]] '''Manchester City Football Club''' akan takaita sunan zuwa '''Man City''', ta kasance kulob ɗin ƙwararrun ƴan ƙwallon ƙafa ne dake zaune a garin [[Manchester]], England, UK, suna fafatawa a gasar [[Premier League]], babban gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar England. Manchester City ta fara amfani da kayan sawanta na gida mai launin girgije tun acikin shekarar 1894, kuma shi ne kakar ƙungiyar na farko da ta fara amfani da sunan ta na yanzu. Kulob ɗin ta lashe kofin league guda goma (wanda huɗu daga ciki a jere ta lashe su acikin shekara ta 2020-zuwa cikin shekara ta 2024 wanda hakan yasa ta zama ƙungiya ta farko da ta yi irin haka a tarihi) da lashe Kofin FA bakwai, da EFL takwas, FA Community Shield shida, Gasar UEFA Champions league ɗaya, da kuma European Cup Winners'Cup guda ɗaya. ==Tarihi== An kafa ƙungiyar acikin shekara ta alif ɗari takwas da tamanin 1880, ta shiga cikin gasar English Football League acikin shekara ta 1899,ta lashe babbar gasar na farko da Kofin FA|Kofin [[FIFA|fiFA]] a 1904 FA Cup Final shekara ta 1904. Sun samu nasarori a karshen shekara ta 1960s, inda suka lashe kofin League, fiFA Cup da League Cup a karkashin horarwar Joe Mercer da Malcolm Allison. Bayan rashin nasarar ta shekarar 1981 FA Cup Final, kulob din ta fada cikin rashin tagomashi,da samun Promotion and relegation|relegation har zuwa rukuni na uku a English football league system|English football. [[File:City of Manchester Stadium 2.jpg|thumb|Babban filin wasa na Manchester City ]] [[File:Josep Guardiola 2023-10-04 Fußball, Männer, UEFA Champions League, RB Leipzig - Manchester City FC 1DX 2797 (cropped).jpg|thumb|kocin Manchester City. Pep Guardiola.]] [[File:David Silva shaved Man City 2017 (36471171422) (cropped).jpg|thumb|Captain din Manchester city. David Silva]] Bayan dawowar su cikin gasar Premier League a shekara ta 2000s, An saida kulob din Manchester City acikin shekara ta 2008, wanda Abu Dhabi United Group suka saya a £210&nbsp;million, da samun sa jari da dama. Kulob ta samu nasarar lashe gasa da dama a tsakanin shekarun 2010s, kuma suka zama Kulob ta farko da ta samu kaiwa maki Premier League records and statistics#Points|100 points a kakar gasar [[premier league]]. Kudin shigar kulub din Manchester City shine na biyar a Deloitte Football Money League|fifth highest a duniya a tsakanin shekara ta 2017–har zuwa zuwa cikin shekara ta 2018 na kakar gasa, wanda yakai €527.7&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.deloitte.com/uk/en/pages/sports-business-group/articles/deloitte-football-money-league.html|title=Deloitte Football Money League 2018|date=23 January 2018|accessdate=23 January 2018|publisher=Deloitte}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://uk.businessinsider.com/the-20-most-popular-rich-list-football-teams-on-social-media-2018-8/#10-manchester-city-493-million-followers-11 |title=UK Business Insider |access-date=2019-01-26 |archive-date=2018-11-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181118041429/http://uk.businessinsider.com/the-20-most-popular-rich-list-football-teams-on-social-media-2018-8#10-manchester-city-493-million-followers-11 |url-status=dead }}</ref> acikin shekara ta 2018, kulub din ita ce na Biyar a Forbes' list of the most valuable football clubs|fifth most valuable a duniya da kudin da suka kai $2.47&nbsp;billion.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/mikeozanian/2018/06/12/the-worlds-most-valuable-soccer-teams-2018/#3dddb7c845c8|title=The World's Most Valuable Soccer Teams 2018|last=Ozanian|first=Mike|work=Forbes}}</ref>. [[File:2011 FA Cup Final Victory Parade (4).jpg|thumb|kungiyar Manchester City kenan a lokacin murnar lashe kofin FA acikin shekara ta 2011]] Kulub din nada babban hamayya sosai tsakanin ta da takwarar ta [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] a wasa tsakanin su da ake kira da Manchester Derby. ===Shekarun farko da nasarorin farko=== City ta sami karramawar farko ta hanyar cin nasara a rukuni na biyu acikin shekara ta 1899; tare da samun ci gaba zuwa matsayi mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingilishi, Rukunin Farko. Sun ci gaba da neman babbar karramawarsu ta farko a ranar 23 ga watan Afrilun shekara ta 1904, inda suka doke Bolton Wanderers 1–0 a Crystal Palace don lashe kofin FA; 'Yan wasan Blues sun yi rashin nasara a gasar League da Cup sau biyu a waccan kakar bayan sun kammala gasar zakarun Turai, amma duk da haka sun zama kulob na farko a Manchester da suka samu babbar daraja.Acikin shekarun da suka biyo bayan nasarar cin kofin FA, kulob din ya fuskanci zarge zarge na rashin bin ka'ida, wanda ya kai ga dakatar da 'yan wasa goma sha bakwai acikin shekara ta 1906, ciki har da kyaftin Billy Meredith, wanda daga baya ya wuce garin zuwa Manchester United. Wuta a hanyar Hyde ta lalata babbar tashar acikin shekara ta 1920, kuma a cikin shekara ta 1923 ƙungiyar ta koma sabon filin wasansu da aka gina a Maine Road a cikin Moss Side. A cikin shekarun 1930, Manchester City ta kai wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin FA sau biyu a jere, inda ta yi rashin nasara a hannun Everton acikin shekara ta 1933, kafin ta ci kofin da ta doke Portsmouth acikin shekara ta 1934. A lokacin gudu na cikin shekara ta 1934, kulob din ya karya tarihin zuwa gida mafi girma na kowane kulob a kwallon kafa ta Ingila. tarihi, yayin da magoya bayan 84,569 suka cika titin Maine a gasar cin kofin FA zagaye na shida da Stoke City - tarihin da ya tsaya har zuwa cikin shekara ta 2016. Kungiyar ta lashe gasar rukunin farko a karon farko a cikin shekara ta 1937, amma an sake fitar da ita a kakar wasa ta gaba, duk da zura kwallaye a raga. fiye da kowace kungiya a rukunin. Shekaru 20 bayan haka, wata ƙungiyar Birni ta yi wahayi zuwa ga tsarin dabara da aka sani da Revie Plan ta sake kai wasan karshe a gasar cin kofin FA a jere, a 1955 da 1956; kamar yadda a cikin 1930s, suka yi rashin nasara na farko, a Newcastle United, kuma suka ci na biyu. Wasan karshe da tayi 1956, wanda Blues ta doke [[Birmingham]] City 3–1, ya ga golan City Bert Trautmann ya ci gaba da taka leda bayan karya wuyansa da rashin sani. ===Zamanin tauraro na farko da kalubalen da suka biyo baya=== Bayan an koma mataki na biyu a cikin 1963, nan gaba ta yi kamar ba ta da kyau tare da ƙarancin halartan gida na 8,015 da Swindon Town a cikin watan Janairun shekara shekara ta 1965. A lokacin bazara na 1965, an nada ƙungiyar gudanarwa ta Joe Mercer da Malcolm Allison . A kakar wasa ta farko a karkashin Mercer, Manchester City ta lashe kambun Division na Biyu kuma ta sanya hannu mai mahimmanci a Mike Summerbee da Colin Bell. Bayan shekaru biyu, a cikin 1967–68, City ta yi nasarar lashe kofin gasar a karo na biyu, inda ta doke makwabciyarta Manchester United a gasar a ranar karshe ta kakar wasan da ci 4-3 a Newcastle United. Karin kofuna sun biyo baya: City ta lashe kofin FA a 1969 kuma bayan shekara guda ta yi nasara a gasar cin kofin Turai, inda ta doke Górnik Zabrze 2–1 a 1970 na wasan karshe. Wannan ita ce karramawar da kulob din ya samu a Turai har zuwa nasarar da suka samu a gasar zakarun Turai ta 2022-23. Har ila yau, Blues ta lashe gasar cin kofin League a waccan shekarar, inda ta zama tawagar Ingila ta biyu da ta lashe kofin Turai da kofin gida a kakar wasa guda. Kulob din ya ci gaba da kalubalantar daukaka a cikin shekarun 1970s, inda ya kammala maki daya a bayan zakarun gasar a lokuta biyu kuma ya kai wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin League na 1974. Daya daga cikin wasannin na wannan lokacin da magoya bayan Manchester City ke tunawa da su shi ne wasan karshe na kakar 1973-74 da abokan hamayyarta na Manchester United, wadanda ke bukatar yin nasara don samun wani begen gujewa faduwa. Tsohon dan wasan United Denis Law ya zura kwallo da diddige don bai wa City nasara da ci 1-0 a Old Trafford da kuma tabbatar da faduwa daga abokan hamayyarsu. Kofin karshe na lokacin da ya fi samun nasara a kungiyar a karni na 20 an ci shi ne a shekarar 1976, lokacin da aka doke Newcastle United da ci 2-1 a wasan karshe na cin kofin League. Wani dogon lokaci na biyo bayan nasarar shekarun 1960 da 1970. Malcolm Allison ya koma kulob din ya zama koci karo na biyu a shekarar 1979, amma ya yi almubazzaranci da makudan kudade kan sa hannu da dama da ba su yi nasara ba, irin su Steve Daley. Bayan haka, wasu manajoji sun biyo baya - bakwai a cikin 1980s kadai. Karkashin John Bond, City ta kai wasan karshe na cin kofin FA na 1981 amma ta sha kashi a karawar da Tottenham Hotspur ta yi. Sau biyu kulob din ya yi fice daga matakin farko a cikin shekarun 1980 (a cikin 1983 da 1987), amma kuma ya koma mataki na farko a 1989 kuma ya kare a matsayi na biyar a 1991 da 1992 a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Peter Reid. Koyaya, wannan ɗan hutu ne kawai, kuma bayan tafiyar Reid dukiyar Manchester City ta ci gaba da dusashewa. City ta kasance masu kafa ƙungiyar Premier League bayan ƙirƙirar ta a 1992, amma bayan da ta kare a matsayi na tara a kakar wasan farko, sun yi fama da gwagwarmaya na shekaru uku kafin a sake su a 1996. mafi ƙasƙanci a tarihin su, zama na biyu da suka lashe kofin Turai da aka sake komawa gasar rukuni-rukuni na ƙasarsu bayan 1. FC Magdeburg ta [[Jamus]]. ===Farfadowa ta biyu=== Bayan da aka tashi daga gasar, kulob din ya fuskanci tashe-tashen hankula a waje, tare da sabon shugaban David Bernstein ya gabatar da ingantaccen tsarin kasafin kudi. Karkashin kociyan Joe Royle, City ta sami daukaka a yunkurin farko, wanda aka samu ta hanyar ban mamaki a wasan karshe na rukuni na biyu da Gillingham. Matsayin ci gaba na biyu a jere ya ga City ta koma mataki na gaba, amma wannan ya zama mataki mai nisa ga ƙungiyar da ke murmurewa, kuma a cikin 2001 An sake komawa City sau ɗaya. Kevin Keegan ya maye gurbin Royle a matsayin koci a ƙarshen kakar wasa ta ƙarshe, kuma ya samu koma baya nan da nan zuwa babban rukuni yayin da ƙungiyar ta lashe gasar rukunin farko ta 2001-2002, ta karya tarihin ƙungiyar na yawan maki da aka zura a raga a kakar wasa ɗaya a gasar. tsari. Kakar 2002–03 ita ce ta ƙarshe a Maine Road kuma ta haɗa da 3-1 derby nasara akan abokan hammayarsu Manchester United, wanda ya kawo karshen shekara 13 da aka yi ba tare da nasara ba. Bugu da ƙari, City ta cancanci shiga gasar Turai a karon farko cikin shekaru 25 ta hanyar UEFA fair play ranking. A karshen kakar wasa ta 2003–04, kulob din ya koma sabon City na filin wasa na Manchester. Shekaru hudu na farko a filin wasa duk sun haifar da kammala tsakiyar tebur. Tsohon manajan Ingila Sven-Göran Eriksson ya zama kociyan kungiyar na kasashen waje na farko lokacin da aka nada shi a shekarar 2007. Bayan fara wasa mai kyau, wasan kwaikwayo ya dusashe a rabin na biyu na kakar wasa, kuma an kori Eriksson a ranar 2 ga Yuni 2008; Mark Hughes ya maye gurbinsa bayan kwana biyu. A shekara ta 2008, Manchester City ta kasance cikin mawuyacin hali na rashin kuɗi. Thaksin Shinawatra ya karbi ragamar kulab din a shekarar da ta gabata, amma fafutukar siyasarsa ta ga kadarorinsa sun daskare. Sannan, a cikin Agusta 2008, Ƙungiyar Abu Dhabi United ta sayi Birni. Taken ya biyo bayan yunƙurin neman manyan ‘yan wasa; Kulob din ya karya tarihin sayan 'yan wasa na Biritaniya ta hanyar siyan Robinho dan kasar [[Brazil]] daga Real Madrid kan fan miliyan 32.5. Ba a samu wani gagarumin ci gaba ba idan aka kwatanta da kakar da ta gabata duk da kwararar kudi duk da haka, kungiyar ta kare a mataki na goma, duk da cewa ta yi rawar gani ta kai wasan daf da na kusa da karshe a gasar cin kofin UEFA. A lokacin bazara na 2009, ƙungiyar ta ɗauki kashe kuɗin canja wuri zuwa matakin da ba a taɓa gani ba, tare da kashe sama da fam miliyan 100 akan 'yan wasa Gareth Barry, Roque Santa Cruz, Kolo Touré, Emmanuel Adebayor, Carlos Tevez, da Joleon Lescott. A cikin Disamba 2009, Mark Hughes - wanda aka ɗauke shi aiki jim kaɗan kafin canjin ikon mallakar amma tun asali sabuwar hukumar ta riƙe shi - Roberto Mancini ya maye gurbinsa a matsayin manaja. City ta kammala kakar wasa a matsayi na biyar a gasar Premier, da kyar ta rasa gurbin shiga gasar zakarun Turai amma ta cancanci shiga gasar UEFA Europa League. ===Zaman tauraro na biyu da zuwan Pep Guardiola=== Ci gaba da saka hannun jari a cikin 'yan wasa ya biyo baya a lokuta masu zuwa, kuma sakamakon ya fara daidai da haɓakar ingancin ɗan wasa. City ta kai wasan karshe na cin kofin FA a shekarar 2011, babban wasan karshe na farko cikin sama da shekaru 30, bayan da ta doke abokiyar hamayyarta Manchester United a wasan kusa da na karshe, karo na farko da ta fitar da abokiyar karawarta daga gasar cin kofin tun 1975. Blues ta doke Stoke. City 1–0 a wasan karshe, inda ta samu nasarar cin kofin FA karo na biyar da kuma babban kofi na farko da kungiyar ta lashe tun bayan lashe kofin League na 1976. A ranar karshe ta kakar 2010-2011, City ta doke [[Arsenal F.C.]] a matsayi na uku, ta yadda ta samu cancantar shiga gasar zakarun Turai kai tsaye a group stage. An ci gaba da yin wasanni masu ƙarfi da kuma cimma nasarori a kakar wasa ta 2011–12, gami da nasarar da suka yi da Tottenham da ci 5–1 a White Hart Lane da kuma nasarar da ta yi daidai da 6–1 a kan Manchester United a Old Trafford, amma rashin kyawun tsari a rabin na biyu kakar wasan dai ya bar City a matsayi na biyu da maki takwas tsakaninta da United saura wasanni shida kacal a buga. A wannan lokacin, United ta yi rashin nasara a kan ta, inda ta yi kasa da maki takwas a cikin wasanni hudu, yayin da City ta fara samun nasara a jere, wanda ya sa kungiyoyin biyu suka tashi da maki daya saura wasanni biyu. Duk da Buluwa kawai suna bukatar nasara a gida da Queens Park Rangers, kungiya a yankin relegation, sun fadi a baya da ci 1-2 a karshen lokacin al'ada. Duk da haka, kwallaye biyu da aka zura a lokacin rauni – na biyu da Sergio Agüero ya zura a cikin minti na hudu da aka kara - ya daidaita kambin da City ta samu, wanda hakan ya sanya ta zama kungiya ta farko da ta lashe gasar Premier da maki kadai. A kakar wasa ta gaba, City ta kasa yin kwafin nasarar da ta samu a shekarar da ta gabata. Bayan kammala gasar ta biyu a gasar, maki goma sha daya a bayan Manchester United, da rashin nasara a gasar cin kofin FA 0–1 a hannun Wigan Athletic da ta koma mataki na daya, an kori Mancini. Manajan Chilean Manuel Pellegrini ne ya maye gurbinsa. A shekarar farko ta Pellegrini, City ta lashe kofin League kuma ta sake samun kofin Premier a ranar wasan karshe na kakar wasa. Tsarin gasar kungiyar sannan sannu a hankali ya ragu cikin shekaru biyu masu zuwa, yayin da Blues din ta kare a matsayi na biyu a 2014–15 sannan ta koma ta hudu a cikin 2015–16, kodayake kakar 2015–16 za ta ga City ta lashe wani kofin gasar Gasar Zakarun Turai na kusa da na karshe a karon farko. Pep Guardiola, tsohon kocin Barcelona da Bayern Munich, an tabbatar da zama sabon kocin Manchester City a ranar 1 ga Fabrairun 2016, tare da sanar da sanarwar watanni da yawa kafin Manuel Pellegrini ya bar mukaminsa. Kakar farko ta Guardiola a Manchester za ta kawo karshen gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai, inda Blues ke matsayi na uku a kan teburin gasar, amma kakar wasan da ta biyo baya ta samu nasara sosai, yayin da City ta lashe kofin Premier da maki mafi girma a tarihi tare da karya wasu kungiyoyi da na Ingila da dama. rubuce-rubuce a kan hanya. Wannan zai zama farkon nasarar da Manchester City ta samu a karkashin Guardiola. Tsakanin wasannin 2017-18 da 2022-23 na gasar Premier, City ta lashe kofunan lig biyar cikin shida, inda ta zo ta biyu a bayan Liverpool a kakar wasa ta 2019-20. Guardiola ya kuma jagoranci Blues zuwa gasar cin kofin gida, wanda aka haskaka ta nasarar cin Kofin League guda hudu a jere a 2018-2021. A lokacin kakar 2018-2019, City ta kammala babban gasar cikin gida da ba a taɓa gani ba na taken maza na Ingilishi. Baya ga lashe dukkanin manyan gasa uku na gasar kwallon kafa ta Ingila, sun kuma lashe Garkuwar Jama'a, wanda shi ne karon farko da kowace kungiya ta taba rike dukkan kofunan kwallon kafa hudu na Ingila a lokaci guda. A matakin nahiyar, kulob din ya samu ci gaba a cikin 2020-21, inda ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Zakarun Turai na farko. A cikin duk wani al'amari na Turanci, City ta yi rashin nasara 0-1 a Chelsea a Estádio do Dragão a [[Porto]].<ref>http://www.heraldsun.com.au/sport/football/the-resources-and-power-of-sheikh-mansoor-makes-this-deal-a-seismic-moment-for-the-aleague/story-fni2wcjl-1226808309758</ref> Kakar 2022-23 ta zama mafi girma a tarihin ƙungiyar, yayin da Manchester City ta lashe kofin Premier karo na uku a jere, da gasar cin kofin FA da abokiyar hamayyarta Manchester United, da kuma kofin gasar zakarun Turai na farko a filin wasa na Olympics na Atatürk da ke Istanbul Inter [[Milano|Milan]], ta haka ne ke haɗa wani abu mai wuyar gaske - wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na nahiyar. Hanyar cin kofin zakarun Turai ya hada da nasarar da Bayern Munich ta yi a Turai, wadda ta sha kashi da ci 4-1, da kuma Real Madrid, wadda ta sha kashi a hannun City da ci 1-5.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20070205055003/http://www.plusmarketsgroup.com/details.shtml?ISIN=GB0005599336</ref> Zamanin Manchester City na ci gaba da fafatawa a gasa ya zo daidai da tuhume-tuhume da kuma a lokuta da dama da aka samu na keta dokokin Financial Fair Play (FFP) da dokokin Premier League. A cikin 2014, Manchester City ta kasance batun yarjejeniyar sasantawa da UEFA wanda, a cikin matakai da yawa, an sanya iyaka kan adadin 'yan wasan da za su iya yin rajista a cikin jerin sunayen 'yan wasan na UEFA da kuma adadin da za a iya kashewa. a kan canja wuri da kuɗin fa'idar ma'aikata, an kuma bayar da tarar.<ref>https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/10-things-you-need-know-about-manchester-clubs-humble-beginnings</ref> A cikin 2017, Premier League ta ci tarar Manchester City tare da dakatar da siyan wasu 'yan wasa na makarantar shekaru biyu bayan da aka same su da karya dokokin ci gaban matasa. A shekarar 2020, Kotun sauraron kararrakin wasanni (CAS) ta yanke hukuncin cewa wasu takunkumin da UEFA ta sanyawa kulob din bai dace ba, wanda hakan ya yi watsi da dakatarwar da City ta yi na tsawon shekaru biyu a Turai, amma duk da haka ta gano cewa kulob din ya keta ka'idojin UEFA ta hanyar rashin bayar da hadin kai da kuma kawo cikas ga kungiyar. bincike, kuma saboda wannan "tsanani mai tsanani" ya ci tarar kulob din. A cikin 2023, Premier League ta ba da sanarwar nata binciken zargin da ake yi wa Manchester City, inda take tuhumar kungiyar da keta dokokin FFP har 115 har zuwa kakar wasa ta 2017-18. ===Tarihin gasar=== *1892–1899 Division 2 (L2) *1899–1902 Division 1 (L1) *1902–1903 Division 2 (L2) *1903–1909 Division 1 (L1) *1909–1910 Division 2 (L2) *1910–1926 Division 1 (L1) *1926–1928 Division 2 (L2) *1928–1938 Division 1 (L1) *1938–1947 Division 2 (L2) *1947–1950 Division 1 (L1) *1950–1951 Division 2 (L2) *1951–1963 Division 1 (L1) *1963–1966 Division 2 (L2) *1966–1983 Division 1 (L1) *1983–1985 Division 2 (L2) *1985–1987 Division 1 (L1) *1987–1989 Division 2 (L2) *1989–1992 Division 1 (L1) *1992–1996 Premier League (L1) *1996–1998 Division 1 (L2) *1998–1999 Division 2 (L3) *1999–2000 Division 1 (2) *2000–2001 Premier League (L1) *2001–2002 Division 1 (L2) *2002– Premier League (L1) ==Launuka da kuma Alamun Kulob== Launukan gidan Manchester City shuɗi ne da fari. Launukan kit na gargajiya sun kasance ko dai maroon ko (daga shekarun 1960) ja da baki; duk da haka, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan an yi amfani da launuka da dama. Ba a san asalin launukan gidan kulob din ba, amma akwai alamun cewa kulob din ya sanya shudi tun 1892 ko kuma baya. Wani ɗan littafi mai suna Shahararrun Kungiyoyin Kwallon Kafa - Manchester City wanda aka buga a shekarun 1940 ya nuna cewa West Gorton (St. Marks) tun asali tana wasa da ja da baki, kuma rahotanni daga 1884 sun bayyana ƙungiyar sanye da baƙaƙen riga mai ɗauke da farar giciye, wanda ke nuna asalin ƙungiyar kamar haka. gefen coci. Yin amfani da launin ja da baƙar fata ba safai ba har yanzu ya fito ne daga imanin tsohon mataimakin manajan Malcolm Allison cewa ɗaukar launukan AC Milan zai ƙarfafa City ga ɗaukaka. Alamar Allison da alama yana aiki, tare da City ta lashe gasar cin kofin FA 1969, da 1970 kofin cin Kofin Jikiriku a 1970 yayin da ake adawa da Kungiyar Sky Blue. ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:City, Manchester}} [[Category: Kungiyoyi kwallon kafa]] 4jfpt9ul65425wsar029vkh9m71ncpo 878641 878639 2026-07-07T19:11:52Z Abdulmuddalib Iabrahim Salisu 14681 878641 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Manchester United FC - Manchester City FC, 25 October 2015 - 27.JPG|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 16.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 12.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 13.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 24.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 04.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 22.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester City FC trophies displayed at the Renzo Barbera Stadium 03.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester City FC trophies displayed at the Renzo Barbera Stadium 02.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:City of Manchester external view.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester United FC - Manchester City FC, 25 October 2015 - 04.JPG|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 10.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:City of Manchester Stadium Wikivoyage banner.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 27.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Arsenal vs Manchester City (2013).jpg|thumb]] '''Manchester City Football Club''' akan takaita sunan zuwa '''Man City''', ta kasance kulob ɗin ƙwararrun ƴan ƙwallon ƙafa ne dake zaune a garin [[Manchester]], England, UK, suna fafatawa a gasar [[Premier League]], babban gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar England. Manchester City ta fara amfani da kayan sawanta na gida mai launin girgije tun acikin shekarar 1894, kuma shi ne kakar ƙungiyar na farko da ta fara amfani da sunan ta na yanzu. Kulob ɗin ta lashe kofin league guda goma (wanda huɗu daga ciki a jere ta lashe su acikin shekara ta 2020-zuwa cikin shekara ta 2024 wanda hakan yasa ta zama ƙungiya ta farko da ta yi irin haka a tarihi) da lashe Kofin FA bakwai, da EFL takwas, FA Community Shield shida, Gasar UEFA Champions league ɗaya, da kuma European Cup Winners'Cup guda ɗaya. ==Tarihi== An kafa ƙungiyar acikin shekara ta alif ɗari takwas da tamanin 1880, ta shiga cikin gasar English Football League acikin shekara ta 1899,ta lashe babbar gasar na farko da Kofin FA|Kofin [[FIFA|fiFA]] a 1904 FA Cup Final shekara ta 1904. Sun samu nasarori a karshen shekara ta 1960s, inda suka lashe kofin League, fiFA Cup da League Cup a karkashin horarwar Joe Mercer da Malcolm Allison. Bayan rashin nasarar ta shekarar 1981 FA Cup Final, kulob din ta fada cikin rashin tagomashi,da samun Promotion and relegation|relegation har zuwa rukuni na uku a English football league system|English football. [[File:City of Manchester Stadium 2.jpg|thumb|Babban filin wasa na Manchester City ]] [[File:Josep Guardiola 2023-10-04 Fußball, Männer, UEFA Champions League, RB Leipzig - Manchester City FC 1DX 2797 (cropped).jpg|thumb|kocin Manchester City. Pep Guardiola.]] [[File:David Silva shaved Man City 2017 (36471171422) (cropped).jpg|thumb|Captain din Manchester city. David Silva]] Bayan dawowar su cikin gasar Premier League a shekara ta 2000s, An saida kulob din Manchester City acikin shekara ta 2008, wanda Abu Dhabi United Group suka saya a £210&nbsp;million, da samun sa jari da dama. Kulob ta samu nasarar lashe gasa da dama a tsakanin shekarun 2010s, kuma suka zama Kulob ta farko da ta samu kaiwa maki Premier League records and statistics#Points|100 points a kakar gasar [[premier league]]. Kudin shigar kulub din Manchester City shine na biyar a Deloitte Football Money League|fifth highest a duniya a tsakanin shekara ta 2017–har zuwa zuwa cikin shekara ta 2018 na kakar gasa, wanda yakai €527.7&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.deloitte.com/uk/en/pages/sports-business-group/articles/deloitte-football-money-league.html|title=Deloitte Football Money League 2018|date=23 January 2018|accessdate=23 January 2018|publisher=Deloitte}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://uk.businessinsider.com/the-20-most-popular-rich-list-football-teams-on-social-media-2018-8/#10-manchester-city-493-million-followers-11 |title=UK Business Insider |access-date=2019-01-26 |archive-date=2018-11-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181118041429/http://uk.businessinsider.com/the-20-most-popular-rich-list-football-teams-on-social-media-2018-8#10-manchester-city-493-million-followers-11 |url-status=dead }}</ref> acikin shekara ta 2018, kulub din ita ce na Biyar a Forbes' list of the most valuable football clubs|fifth most valuable a duniya da kudin da suka kai $2.47&nbsp;billion.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/mikeozanian/2018/06/12/the-worlds-most-valuable-soccer-teams-2018/#3dddb7c845c8|title=The World's Most Valuable Soccer Teams 2018|last=Ozanian|first=Mike|work=Forbes}}</ref>. [[File:2011 FA Cup Final Victory Parade (4).jpg|thumb|kungiyar Manchester City kenan a lokacin murnar lashe kofin FA acikin shekara ta 2011]] Kulub din nada babban hamayya sosai tsakanin ta da takwarar ta [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] a wasa tsakanin su da ake kira da Manchester Derby. ===Shekarun farko da nasarorin farko=== City ta sami karramawar farko ta hanyar cin nasara a rukuni na biyu acikin shekara ta 1899; tare da samun ci gaba zuwa matsayi mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingilishi, Rukunin Farko. Sun ci gaba da neman babbar karramawarsu ta farko a ranar 23 ga watan Afrilun shekara ta 1904, inda suka doke Bolton Wanderers 1–0 a Crystal Palace don lashe kofin FA; 'Yan wasan Blues sun yi rashin nasara a gasar League da Cup sau biyu a waccan kakar bayan sun kammala gasar zakarun Turai, amma duk da haka sun zama kulob na farko a Manchester da suka samu babbar daraja.Acikin shekarun da suka biyo bayan nasarar cin kofin FA, kulob din ya fuskanci zarge zarge na rashin bin ka'ida, wanda ya kai ga dakatar da 'yan wasa goma sha bakwai acikin shekara ta 1906, ciki har da kyaftin Billy Meredith, wanda daga baya ya wuce garin zuwa Manchester United. Wuta a hanyar Hyde ta lalata babbar tashar acikin shekara ta 1920, kuma a cikin shekara ta 1923 ƙungiyar ta koma sabon filin wasansu da aka gina a Maine Road a cikin Moss Side. A cikin shekarun 1930, Manchester City ta kai wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin FA sau biyu a jere, inda ta yi rashin nasara a hannun Everton acikin shekara ta 1933, kafin ta ci kofin da ta doke Portsmouth acikin shekara ta 1934. A lokacin gudu na cikin shekara ta 1934, kulob din ya karya tarihin zuwa gida mafi girma na kowane kulob a kwallon kafa ta Ingila. tarihi, yayin da magoya bayan 84,569 suka cika titin Maine a gasar cin kofin FA zagaye na shida da Stoke City - tarihin da ya tsaya har zuwa cikin shekara ta 2016. Kungiyar ta lashe gasar rukunin farko a karon farko a cikin shekara ta 1937, amma an sake fitar da ita a kakar wasa ta gaba, duk da zura kwallaye a raga. fiye da kowace kungiya a rukunin. Shekaru 20 bayan haka, wata ƙungiyar Birni ta yi wahayi zuwa ga tsarin dabara da aka sani da Revie Plan ta sake kai wasan karshe a gasar cin kofin FA a jere, a 1955 da 1956; kamar yadda a cikin 1930s, suka yi rashin nasara na farko, a Newcastle United, kuma suka ci na biyu. Wasan karshe da tayi 1956, wanda Blues ta doke [[Birmingham]] City 3–1, ya ga golan City Bert Trautmann ya ci gaba da taka leda bayan karya wuyansa da rashin sani. ===Zamanin tauraro na farko da kalubalen da suka biyo baya=== Bayan an koma mataki na biyu a cikin 1963, nan gaba ta yi kamar ba ta da kyau tare da ƙarancin halartan gida na 8,015 da Swindon Town a cikin watan Janairun shekara shekara ta 1965. A lokacin bazara na 1965, an nada ƙungiyar gudanarwa ta Joe Mercer da Malcolm Allison . A kakar wasa ta farko a karkashin Mercer, Manchester City ta lashe kambun Division na Biyu kuma ta sanya hannu mai mahimmanci a Mike Summerbee da Colin Bell. Bayan shekaru biyu, a cikin shekara ta 1967–68, City ta yi nasarar lashe kofin gasar a karo na biyu, inda ta doke makwabciyarta Manchester United a gasar a ranar karshe ta kakar wasan da ci 4-3 a Newcastle United. Karin kofuna sun biyo baya: City ta lashe kofin FA a 1969 kuma bayan shekara guda ta yi nasara a gasar cin kofin Turai, inda ta doke Górnik Zabrze 2–1 a 1970 na wasan karshe. Wannan ita ce karramawar da kulob din ya samu a Turai har zuwa nasarar da suka samu a gasar zakarun Turai ta 2022-23. Har ila yau, Blues ta lashe gasar cin kofin League a waccan shekarar, inda ta zama tawagar Ingila ta biyu da ta lashe kofin Turai da kofin gida a kakar wasa guda. Kulob din ya ci gaba da kalubalantar daukaka a cikin shekarun 1970s, inda ya kammala maki daya a bayan zakarun gasar a lokuta biyu kuma ya kai wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin League na 1974. Daya daga cikin wasannin na wannan lokacin da magoya bayan Manchester City ke tunawa da su shi ne wasan karshe na kakar 1973-74 da abokan hamayyarta na Manchester United, wadanda ke bukatar yin nasara don samun wani begen gujewa faduwa. Tsohon dan wasan United Denis Law ya zura kwallo da diddige don bai wa City nasara da ci 1-0 a Old Trafford da kuma tabbatar da faduwa daga abokan hamayyarsu. Kofin karshe na lokacin da ya fi samun nasara a kungiyar a karni na 20 an ci shi ne a shekarar 1976, lokacin da aka doke Newcastle United da ci 2-1 a wasan karshe na cin kofin League. Wani dogon lokaci na biyo bayan nasarar shekarun 1960 da 1970. Malcolm Allison ya koma kulob din ya zama koci karo na biyu a shekarar 1979, amma ya yi almubazzaranci da makudan kudade kan sa hannu da dama da ba su yi nasara ba, irin su Steve Daley. Bayan haka, wasu manajoji sun biyo baya - bakwai a cikin 1980s kadai. Karkashin John Bond, City ta kai wasan karshe na cin kofin FA na 1981 amma ta sha kashi a karawar da Tottenham Hotspur ta yi. Sau biyu kulob din ya yi fice daga matakin farko a cikin shekarun 1980 (a cikin 1983 da 1987), amma kuma ya koma mataki na farko a 1989 kuma ya kare a matsayi na biyar a 1991 da 1992 a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Peter Reid. Koyaya, wannan ɗan hutu ne kawai, kuma bayan tafiyar Reid dukiyar Manchester City ta ci gaba da dusashewa. City ta kasance masu kafa ƙungiyar Premier League bayan ƙirƙirar ta a 1992, amma bayan da ta kare a matsayi na tara a kakar wasan farko, sun yi fama da gwagwarmaya na shekaru uku kafin a sake su a 1996. mafi ƙasƙanci a tarihin su, zama na biyu da suka lashe kofin Turai da aka sake komawa gasar rukuni-rukuni na ƙasarsu bayan 1. FC Magdeburg ta [[Jamus]]. ===Farfadowa ta biyu=== Bayan da aka tashi daga gasar, kulob din ya fuskanci tashe-tashen hankula a waje, tare da sabon shugaban David Bernstein ya gabatar da ingantaccen tsarin kasafin kudi. Karkashin kociyan Joe Royle, City ta sami daukaka a yunkurin farko, wanda aka samu ta hanyar ban mamaki a wasan karshe na rukuni na biyu da Gillingham. Matsayin ci gaba na biyu a jere ya ga City ta koma mataki na gaba, amma wannan ya zama mataki mai nisa ga ƙungiyar da ke murmurewa, kuma a cikin 2001 An sake komawa City sau ɗaya. Kevin Keegan ya maye gurbin Royle a matsayin koci a ƙarshen kakar wasa ta ƙarshe, kuma ya samu koma baya nan da nan zuwa babban rukuni yayin da ƙungiyar ta lashe gasar rukunin farko ta 2001-2002, ta karya tarihin ƙungiyar na yawan maki da aka zura a raga a kakar wasa ɗaya a gasar. tsari. Kakar 2002–03 ita ce ta ƙarshe a Maine Road kuma ta haɗa da 3-1 derby nasara akan abokan hammayarsu Manchester United, wanda ya kawo karshen shekara 13 da aka yi ba tare da nasara ba. Bugu da ƙari, City ta cancanci shiga gasar Turai a karon farko cikin shekaru 25 ta hanyar UEFA fair play ranking. A karshen kakar wasa ta 2003–04, kulob din ya koma sabon City na filin wasa na Manchester. Shekaru hudu na farko a filin wasa duk sun haifar da kammala tsakiyar tebur. Tsohon manajan Ingila Sven-Göran Eriksson ya zama kociyan kungiyar na kasashen waje na farko lokacin da aka nada shi a shekarar 2007. Bayan fara wasa mai kyau, wasan kwaikwayo ya dusashe a rabin na biyu na kakar wasa, kuma an kori Eriksson a ranar 2 ga Yuni 2008; Mark Hughes ya maye gurbinsa bayan kwana biyu. A shekara ta 2008, Manchester City ta kasance cikin mawuyacin hali na rashin kuɗi. Thaksin Shinawatra ya karbi ragamar kulab din a shekarar da ta gabata, amma fafutukar siyasarsa ta ga kadarorinsa sun daskare. Sannan, a cikin Agusta 2008, Ƙungiyar Abu Dhabi United ta sayi Birni. Taken ya biyo bayan yunƙurin neman manyan ‘yan wasa; Kulob din ya karya tarihin sayan 'yan wasa na Biritaniya ta hanyar siyan Robinho dan kasar [[Brazil]] daga Real Madrid kan fan miliyan 32.5. Ba a samu wani gagarumin ci gaba ba idan aka kwatanta da kakar da ta gabata duk da kwararar kudi duk da haka, kungiyar ta kare a mataki na goma, duk da cewa ta yi rawar gani ta kai wasan daf da na kusa da karshe a gasar cin kofin UEFA. A lokacin bazara na 2009, ƙungiyar ta ɗauki kashe kuɗin canja wuri zuwa matakin da ba a taɓa gani ba, tare da kashe sama da fam miliyan 100 akan 'yan wasa Gareth Barry, Roque Santa Cruz, Kolo Touré, Emmanuel Adebayor, Carlos Tevez, da Joleon Lescott. A cikin Disamba 2009, Mark Hughes - wanda aka ɗauke shi aiki jim kaɗan kafin canjin ikon mallakar amma tun asali sabuwar hukumar ta riƙe shi - Roberto Mancini ya maye gurbinsa a matsayin manaja. City ta kammala kakar wasa a matsayi na biyar a gasar Premier, da kyar ta rasa gurbin shiga gasar zakarun Turai amma ta cancanci shiga gasar UEFA Europa League. ===Zaman tauraro na biyu da zuwan Pep Guardiola=== Ci gaba da saka hannun jari a cikin 'yan wasa ya biyo baya a lokuta masu zuwa, kuma sakamakon ya fara daidai da haɓakar ingancin ɗan wasa. City ta kai wasan karshe na cin kofin FA a shekarar 2011, babban wasan karshe na farko cikin sama da shekaru 30, bayan da ta doke abokiyar hamayyarta Manchester United a wasan kusa da na karshe, karo na farko da ta fitar da abokiyar karawarta daga gasar cin kofin tun 1975. Blues ta doke Stoke. City 1–0 a wasan karshe, inda ta samu nasarar cin kofin FA karo na biyar da kuma babban kofi na farko da kungiyar ta lashe tun bayan lashe kofin League na 1976. A ranar karshe ta kakar 2010-2011, City ta doke [[Arsenal F.C.]] a matsayi na uku, ta yadda ta samu cancantar shiga gasar zakarun Turai kai tsaye a group stage. An ci gaba da yin wasanni masu ƙarfi da kuma cimma nasarori a kakar wasa ta 2011–12, gami da nasarar da suka yi da Tottenham da ci 5–1 a White Hart Lane da kuma nasarar da ta yi daidai da 6–1 a kan Manchester United a Old Trafford, amma rashin kyawun tsari a rabin na biyu kakar wasan dai ya bar City a matsayi na biyu da maki takwas tsakaninta da United saura wasanni shida kacal a buga. A wannan lokacin, United ta yi rashin nasara a kan ta, inda ta yi kasa da maki takwas a cikin wasanni hudu, yayin da City ta fara samun nasara a jere, wanda ya sa kungiyoyin biyu suka tashi da maki daya saura wasanni biyu. Duk da Buluwa kawai suna bukatar nasara a gida da Queens Park Rangers, kungiya a yankin relegation, sun fadi a baya da ci 1-2 a karshen lokacin al'ada. Duk da haka, kwallaye biyu da aka zura a lokacin rauni – na biyu da Sergio Agüero ya zura a cikin minti na hudu da aka kara - ya daidaita kambin da City ta samu, wanda hakan ya sanya ta zama kungiya ta farko da ta lashe gasar Premier da maki kadai. A kakar wasa ta gaba, City ta kasa yin kwafin nasarar da ta samu a shekarar da ta gabata. Bayan kammala gasar ta biyu a gasar, maki goma sha daya a bayan Manchester United, da rashin nasara a gasar cin kofin FA 0–1 a hannun Wigan Athletic da ta koma mataki na daya, an kori Mancini. Manajan Chilean Manuel Pellegrini ne ya maye gurbinsa. A shekarar farko ta Pellegrini, City ta lashe kofin League kuma ta sake samun kofin Premier a ranar wasan karshe na kakar wasa. Tsarin gasar kungiyar sannan sannu a hankali ya ragu cikin shekaru biyu masu zuwa, yayin da Blues din ta kare a matsayi na biyu a 2014–15 sannan ta koma ta hudu a cikin 2015–16, kodayake kakar 2015–16 za ta ga City ta lashe wani kofin gasar Gasar Zakarun Turai na kusa da na karshe a karon farko. Pep Guardiola, tsohon kocin Barcelona da Bayern Munich, an tabbatar da zama sabon kocin Manchester City a ranar 1 ga Fabrairun 2016, tare da sanar da sanarwar watanni da yawa kafin Manuel Pellegrini ya bar mukaminsa. Kakar farko ta Guardiola a Manchester za ta kawo karshen gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai, inda Blues ke matsayi na uku a kan teburin gasar, amma kakar wasan da ta biyo baya ta samu nasara sosai, yayin da City ta lashe kofin Premier da maki mafi girma a tarihi tare da karya wasu kungiyoyi da na Ingila da dama. rubuce-rubuce a kan hanya. Wannan zai zama farkon nasarar da Manchester City ta samu a karkashin Guardiola. Tsakanin wasannin 2017-18 da 2022-23 na gasar Premier, City ta lashe kofunan lig biyar cikin shida, inda ta zo ta biyu a bayan Liverpool a kakar wasa ta 2019-20. Guardiola ya kuma jagoranci Blues zuwa gasar cin kofin gida, wanda aka haskaka ta nasarar cin Kofin League guda hudu a jere a 2018-2021. A lokacin kakar 2018-2019, City ta kammala babban gasar cikin gida da ba a taɓa gani ba na taken maza na Ingilishi. Baya ga lashe dukkanin manyan gasa uku na gasar kwallon kafa ta Ingila, sun kuma lashe Garkuwar Jama'a, wanda shi ne karon farko da kowace kungiya ta taba rike dukkan kofunan kwallon kafa hudu na Ingila a lokaci guda. A matakin nahiyar, kulob din ya samu ci gaba a cikin 2020-21, inda ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Zakarun Turai na farko. A cikin duk wani al'amari na Turanci, City ta yi rashin nasara 0-1 a Chelsea a Estádio do Dragão a [[Porto]].<ref>http://www.heraldsun.com.au/sport/football/the-resources-and-power-of-sheikh-mansoor-makes-this-deal-a-seismic-moment-for-the-aleague/story-fni2wcjl-1226808309758</ref> Kakar 2022-23 ta zama mafi girma a tarihin ƙungiyar, yayin da Manchester City ta lashe kofin Premier karo na uku a jere, da gasar cin kofin FA da abokiyar hamayyarta Manchester United, da kuma kofin gasar zakarun Turai na farko a filin wasa na Olympics na Atatürk da ke Istanbul Inter [[Milano|Milan]], ta haka ne ke haɗa wani abu mai wuyar gaske - wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na nahiyar. Hanyar cin kofin zakarun Turai ya hada da nasarar da Bayern Munich ta yi a Turai, wadda ta sha kashi da ci 4-1, da kuma Real Madrid, wadda ta sha kashi a hannun City da ci 1-5.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20070205055003/http://www.plusmarketsgroup.com/details.shtml?ISIN=GB0005599336</ref> Zamanin Manchester City na ci gaba da fafatawa a gasa ya zo daidai da tuhume-tuhume da kuma a lokuta da dama da aka samu na keta dokokin Financial Fair Play (FFP) da dokokin Premier League. A cikin 2014, Manchester City ta kasance batun yarjejeniyar sasantawa da UEFA wanda, a cikin matakai da yawa, an sanya iyaka kan adadin 'yan wasan da za su iya yin rajista a cikin jerin sunayen 'yan wasan na UEFA da kuma adadin da za a iya kashewa. a kan canja wuri da kuɗin fa'idar ma'aikata, an kuma bayar da tarar.<ref>https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/10-things-you-need-know-about-manchester-clubs-humble-beginnings</ref> A cikin 2017, Premier League ta ci tarar Manchester City tare da dakatar da siyan wasu 'yan wasa na makarantar shekaru biyu bayan da aka same su da karya dokokin ci gaban matasa. A shekarar 2020, Kotun sauraron kararrakin wasanni (CAS) ta yanke hukuncin cewa wasu takunkumin da UEFA ta sanyawa kulob din bai dace ba, wanda hakan ya yi watsi da dakatarwar da City ta yi na tsawon shekaru biyu a Turai, amma duk da haka ta gano cewa kulob din ya keta ka'idojin UEFA ta hanyar rashin bayar da hadin kai da kuma kawo cikas ga kungiyar. bincike, kuma saboda wannan "tsanani mai tsanani" ya ci tarar kulob din. A cikin 2023, Premier League ta ba da sanarwar nata binciken zargin da ake yi wa Manchester City, inda take tuhumar kungiyar da keta dokokin FFP har 115 har zuwa kakar wasa ta 2017-18. ===Tarihin gasar=== *1892–1899 Division 2 (L2) *1899–1902 Division 1 (L1) *1902–1903 Division 2 (L2) *1903–1909 Division 1 (L1) *1909–1910 Division 2 (L2) *1910–1926 Division 1 (L1) *1926–1928 Division 2 (L2) *1928–1938 Division 1 (L1) *1938–1947 Division 2 (L2) *1947–1950 Division 1 (L1) *1950–1951 Division 2 (L2) *1951–1963 Division 1 (L1) *1963–1966 Division 2 (L2) *1966–1983 Division 1 (L1) *1983–1985 Division 2 (L2) *1985–1987 Division 1 (L1) *1987–1989 Division 2 (L2) *1989–1992 Division 1 (L1) *1992–1996 Premier League (L1) *1996–1998 Division 1 (L2) *1998–1999 Division 2 (L3) *1999–2000 Division 1 (2) *2000–2001 Premier League (L1) *2001–2002 Division 1 (L2) *2002– Premier League (L1) ==Launuka da kuma Alamun Kulob== Launukan gidan Manchester City shuɗi ne da fari. Launukan kit na gargajiya sun kasance ko dai maroon ko (daga shekarun 1960) ja da baki; duk da haka, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan an yi amfani da launuka da dama. Ba a san asalin launukan gidan kulob din ba, amma akwai alamun cewa kulob din ya sanya shudi tun 1892 ko kuma baya. Wani ɗan littafi mai suna Shahararrun Kungiyoyin Kwallon Kafa - Manchester City wanda aka buga a shekarun 1940 ya nuna cewa West Gorton (St. Marks) tun asali tana wasa da ja da baki, kuma rahotanni daga 1884 sun bayyana ƙungiyar sanye da baƙaƙen riga mai ɗauke da farar giciye, wanda ke nuna asalin ƙungiyar kamar haka. gefen coci. Yin amfani da launin ja da baƙar fata ba safai ba har yanzu ya fito ne daga imanin tsohon mataimakin manajan Malcolm Allison cewa ɗaukar launukan AC Milan zai ƙarfafa City ga ɗaukaka. Alamar Allison da alama yana aiki, tare da City ta lashe gasar cin kofin FA 1969, da 1970 kofin cin Kofin Jikiriku a 1970 yayin da ake adawa da Kungiyar Sky Blue. ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:City, Manchester}} [[Category: Kungiyoyi kwallon kafa]] 809u7q35h744gcww4kta5ljojwgspn7 878643 878641 2026-07-07T19:13:14Z Abdulmuddalib Iabrahim Salisu 14681 878643 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Manchester United FC - Manchester City FC, 25 October 2015 - 27.JPG|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 16.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 12.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 13.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 24.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 04.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 22.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester City FC trophies displayed at the Renzo Barbera Stadium 03.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester City FC trophies displayed at the Renzo Barbera Stadium 02.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:City of Manchester external view.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester United FC - Manchester City FC, 25 October 2015 - 04.JPG|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 10.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:City of Manchester Stadium Wikivoyage banner.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 27.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Arsenal vs Manchester City (2013).jpg|thumb]] '''Manchester City Football Club''' akan takaita sunan zuwa '''Man City''', ta kasance kulob ɗin ƙwararrun ƴan ƙwallon ƙafa ne dake zaune a garin [[Manchester]], England, UK, suna fafatawa a gasar [[Premier League]], babban gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar England. Manchester City ta fara amfani da kayan sawanta na gida mai launin girgije tun acikin shekarar 1894, kuma shi ne kakar ƙungiyar na farko da ta fara amfani da sunan ta na yanzu. Kulob ɗin ta lashe kofin league guda goma (wanda huɗu daga ciki a jere ta lashe su acikin shekara ta 2020-zuwa cikin shekara ta 2024 wanda hakan yasa ta zama ƙungiya ta farko da ta yi irin haka a tarihi) da lashe Kofin FA bakwai, da EFL takwas, FA Community Shield shida, Gasar UEFA Champions league ɗaya, da kuma European Cup Winners'Cup guda ɗaya. ==Tarihi== An kafa ƙungiyar acikin shekara ta alif ɗari takwas da tamanin 1880, ta shiga cikin gasar English Football League acikin shekara ta 1899,ta lashe babbar gasar na farko da Kofin FA|Kofin [[FIFA|fiFA]] a 1904 FA Cup Final shekara ta 1904. Sun samu nasarori a karshen shekara ta 1960s, inda suka lashe kofin League, fiFA Cup da League Cup a karkashin horarwar Joe Mercer da Malcolm Allison. Bayan rashin nasarar ta shekarar 1981 FA Cup Final, kulob din ta fada cikin rashin tagomashi,da samun Promotion and relegation|relegation har zuwa rukuni na uku a English football league system|English football. [[File:City of Manchester Stadium 2.jpg|thumb|Babban filin wasa na Manchester City ]] [[File:Josep Guardiola 2023-10-04 Fußball, Männer, UEFA Champions League, RB Leipzig - Manchester City FC 1DX 2797 (cropped).jpg|thumb|kocin Manchester City. Pep Guardiola.]] [[File:David Silva shaved Man City 2017 (36471171422) (cropped).jpg|thumb|Captain din Manchester city. David Silva]] Bayan dawowar su cikin gasar Premier League a shekara ta 2000s, An saida kulob din Manchester City acikin shekara ta 2008, wanda Abu Dhabi United Group suka saya a £210&nbsp;million, da samun sa jari da dama. Kulob ta samu nasarar lashe gasa da dama a tsakanin shekarun 2010s, kuma suka zama Kulob ta farko da ta samu kaiwa maki Premier League records and statistics#Points|100 points a kakar gasar [[premier league]]. Kudin shigar kulub din Manchester City shine na biyar a Deloitte Football Money League|fifth highest a duniya a tsakanin shekara ta 2017–har zuwa zuwa cikin shekara ta 2018 na kakar gasa, wanda yakai €527.7&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.deloitte.com/uk/en/pages/sports-business-group/articles/deloitte-football-money-league.html|title=Deloitte Football Money League 2018|date=23 January 2018|accessdate=23 January 2018|publisher=Deloitte}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://uk.businessinsider.com/the-20-most-popular-rich-list-football-teams-on-social-media-2018-8/#10-manchester-city-493-million-followers-11 |title=UK Business Insider |access-date=2019-01-26 |archive-date=2018-11-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181118041429/http://uk.businessinsider.com/the-20-most-popular-rich-list-football-teams-on-social-media-2018-8#10-manchester-city-493-million-followers-11 |url-status=dead }}</ref> acikin shekara ta 2018, kulub din ita ce na Biyar a Forbes' list of the most valuable football clubs|fifth most valuable a duniya da kudin da suka kai $2.47&nbsp;billion.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/mikeozanian/2018/06/12/the-worlds-most-valuable-soccer-teams-2018/#3dddb7c845c8|title=The World's Most Valuable Soccer Teams 2018|last=Ozanian|first=Mike|work=Forbes}}</ref>. [[File:2011 FA Cup Final Victory Parade (4).jpg|thumb|kungiyar Manchester City kenan a lokacin murnar lashe kofin FA acikin shekara ta 2011]] Kulub din nada babban hamayya sosai tsakanin ta da takwarar ta [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] a wasa tsakanin su da ake kira da Manchester Derby. ===Shekarun farko da nasarorin farko=== City ta sami karramawar farko ta hanyar cin nasara a rukuni na biyu acikin shekara ta 1899; tare da samun ci gaba zuwa matsayi mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingilishi, Rukunin Farko. Sun ci gaba da neman babbar karramawarsu ta farko a ranar 23 ga watan Afrilun shekara ta 1904, inda suka doke Bolton Wanderers 1–0 a Crystal Palace don lashe kofin FA; 'Yan wasan Blues sun yi rashin nasara a gasar League da Cup sau biyu a waccan kakar bayan sun kammala gasar zakarun Turai, amma duk da haka sun zama kulob na farko a Manchester da suka samu babbar daraja.Acikin shekarun da suka biyo bayan nasarar cin kofin FA, kulob din ya fuskanci zarge zarge na rashin bin ka'ida, wanda ya kai ga dakatar da 'yan wasa goma sha bakwai acikin shekara ta 1906, ciki har da kyaftin Billy Meredith, wanda daga baya ya wuce garin zuwa Manchester United. Wuta a hanyar Hyde ta lalata babbar tashar acikin shekara ta 1920, kuma a cikin shekara ta 1923 ƙungiyar ta koma sabon filin wasansu da aka gina a Maine Road a cikin Moss Side. A cikin shekarun 1930, Manchester City ta kai wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin FA sau biyu a jere, inda ta yi rashin nasara a hannun Everton acikin shekara ta 1933, kafin ta ci kofin da ta doke Portsmouth acikin shekara ta 1934. A lokacin gudu na cikin shekara ta 1934, kulob din ya karya tarihin zuwa gida mafi girma na kowane kulob a kwallon kafa ta Ingila. tarihi, yayin da magoya bayan 84,569 suka cika titin Maine a gasar cin kofin FA zagaye na shida da Stoke City - tarihin da ya tsaya har zuwa cikin shekara ta 2016. Kungiyar ta lashe gasar rukunin farko a karon farko a cikin shekara ta 1937, amma an sake fitar da ita a kakar wasa ta gaba, duk da zura kwallaye a raga. fiye da kowace kungiya a rukunin. Shekaru 20 bayan haka, wata ƙungiyar Birni ta yi wahayi zuwa ga tsarin dabara da aka sani da Revie Plan ta sake kai wasan karshe a gasar cin kofin FA a jere, acikin shekara shekara ta 1955 da 1956; kamar yadda a cikin 1930s, suka yi rashin nasara na farko, a Newcastle United, kuma suka ci na biyu. Wasan karshe da tayi 1956, wanda Blues ta doke [[Birmingham]] City 3–1, ya ga golan City Bert Trautmann ya ci gaba da taka leda bayan karya wuyansa da rashin sani. ===Zamanin tauraro na farko da kalubalen da suka biyo baya=== Bayan an koma mataki na biyu a cikin 1963, nan gaba ta yi kamar ba ta da kyau tare da ƙarancin halartan gida na 8,015 da Swindon Town a cikin watan Janairun shekara shekara ta 1965. A lokacin bazara na 1965, an nada ƙungiyar gudanarwa ta Joe Mercer da Malcolm Allison . A kakar wasa ta farko a karkashin Mercer, Manchester City ta lashe kambun Division na Biyu kuma ta sanya hannu mai mahimmanci a Mike Summerbee da Colin Bell. Bayan shekaru biyu, a cikin shekara ta 1967–68, City ta yi nasarar lashe kofin gasar a karo na biyu, inda ta doke makwabciyarta Manchester United a gasar a ranar karshe ta kakar wasan da ci 4-3 a Newcastle United. Karin kofuna sun biyo baya: City ta lashe kofin FA a 1969 kuma bayan shekara guda ta yi nasara a gasar cin kofin Turai, inda ta doke Górnik Zabrze 2–1 a 1970 na wasan karshe. Wannan ita ce karramawar da kulob din ya samu a Turai har zuwa nasarar da suka samu a gasar zakarun Turai ta 2022-23. Har ila yau, Blues ta lashe gasar cin kofin League a waccan shekarar, inda ta zama tawagar Ingila ta biyu da ta lashe kofin Turai da kofin gida a kakar wasa guda. Kulob din ya ci gaba da kalubalantar daukaka a cikin shekarun 1970s, inda ya kammala maki daya a bayan zakarun gasar a lokuta biyu kuma ya kai wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin League na 1974. Daya daga cikin wasannin na wannan lokacin da magoya bayan Manchester City ke tunawa da su shi ne wasan karshe na kakar 1973-74 da abokan hamayyarta na Manchester United, wadanda ke bukatar yin nasara don samun wani begen gujewa faduwa. Tsohon dan wasan United Denis Law ya zura kwallo da diddige don bai wa City nasara da ci 1-0 a Old Trafford da kuma tabbatar da faduwa daga abokan hamayyarsu. Kofin karshe na lokacin da ya fi samun nasara a kungiyar a karni na 20 an ci shi ne a shekarar 1976, lokacin da aka doke Newcastle United da ci 2-1 a wasan karshe na cin kofin League. Wani dogon lokaci na biyo bayan nasarar shekarun 1960 da 1970. Malcolm Allison ya koma kulob din ya zama koci karo na biyu a shekarar 1979, amma ya yi almubazzaranci da makudan kudade kan sa hannu da dama da ba su yi nasara ba, irin su Steve Daley. Bayan haka, wasu manajoji sun biyo baya - bakwai a cikin 1980s kadai. Karkashin John Bond, City ta kai wasan karshe na cin kofin FA na 1981 amma ta sha kashi a karawar da Tottenham Hotspur ta yi. Sau biyu kulob din ya yi fice daga matakin farko a cikin shekarun 1980 (a cikin 1983 da 1987), amma kuma ya koma mataki na farko a 1989 kuma ya kare a matsayi na biyar a 1991 da 1992 a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Peter Reid. Koyaya, wannan ɗan hutu ne kawai, kuma bayan tafiyar Reid dukiyar Manchester City ta ci gaba da dusashewa. City ta kasance masu kafa ƙungiyar Premier League bayan ƙirƙirar ta a 1992, amma bayan da ta kare a matsayi na tara a kakar wasan farko, sun yi fama da gwagwarmaya na shekaru uku kafin a sake su a 1996. mafi ƙasƙanci a tarihin su, zama na biyu da suka lashe kofin Turai da aka sake komawa gasar rukuni-rukuni na ƙasarsu bayan 1. FC Magdeburg ta [[Jamus]]. ===Farfadowa ta biyu=== Bayan da aka tashi daga gasar, kulob din ya fuskanci tashe-tashen hankula a waje, tare da sabon shugaban David Bernstein ya gabatar da ingantaccen tsarin kasafin kudi. Karkashin kociyan Joe Royle, City ta sami daukaka a yunkurin farko, wanda aka samu ta hanyar ban mamaki a wasan karshe na rukuni na biyu da Gillingham. Matsayin ci gaba na biyu a jere ya ga City ta koma mataki na gaba, amma wannan ya zama mataki mai nisa ga ƙungiyar da ke murmurewa, kuma a cikin 2001 An sake komawa City sau ɗaya. Kevin Keegan ya maye gurbin Royle a matsayin koci a ƙarshen kakar wasa ta ƙarshe, kuma ya samu koma baya nan da nan zuwa babban rukuni yayin da ƙungiyar ta lashe gasar rukunin farko ta 2001-2002, ta karya tarihin ƙungiyar na yawan maki da aka zura a raga a kakar wasa ɗaya a gasar. tsari. Kakar 2002–03 ita ce ta ƙarshe a Maine Road kuma ta haɗa da 3-1 derby nasara akan abokan hammayarsu Manchester United, wanda ya kawo karshen shekara 13 da aka yi ba tare da nasara ba. Bugu da ƙari, City ta cancanci shiga gasar Turai a karon farko cikin shekaru 25 ta hanyar UEFA fair play ranking. A karshen kakar wasa ta 2003–04, kulob din ya koma sabon City na filin wasa na Manchester. Shekaru hudu na farko a filin wasa duk sun haifar da kammala tsakiyar tebur. Tsohon manajan Ingila Sven-Göran Eriksson ya zama kociyan kungiyar na kasashen waje na farko lokacin da aka nada shi a shekarar 2007. Bayan fara wasa mai kyau, wasan kwaikwayo ya dusashe a rabin na biyu na kakar wasa, kuma an kori Eriksson a ranar 2 ga Yuni 2008; Mark Hughes ya maye gurbinsa bayan kwana biyu. A shekara ta 2008, Manchester City ta kasance cikin mawuyacin hali na rashin kuɗi. Thaksin Shinawatra ya karbi ragamar kulab din a shekarar da ta gabata, amma fafutukar siyasarsa ta ga kadarorinsa sun daskare. Sannan, a cikin Agusta 2008, Ƙungiyar Abu Dhabi United ta sayi Birni. Taken ya biyo bayan yunƙurin neman manyan ‘yan wasa; Kulob din ya karya tarihin sayan 'yan wasa na Biritaniya ta hanyar siyan Robinho dan kasar [[Brazil]] daga Real Madrid kan fan miliyan 32.5. Ba a samu wani gagarumin ci gaba ba idan aka kwatanta da kakar da ta gabata duk da kwararar kudi duk da haka, kungiyar ta kare a mataki na goma, duk da cewa ta yi rawar gani ta kai wasan daf da na kusa da karshe a gasar cin kofin UEFA. A lokacin bazara na 2009, ƙungiyar ta ɗauki kashe kuɗin canja wuri zuwa matakin da ba a taɓa gani ba, tare da kashe sama da fam miliyan 100 akan 'yan wasa Gareth Barry, Roque Santa Cruz, Kolo Touré, Emmanuel Adebayor, Carlos Tevez, da Joleon Lescott. A cikin Disamba 2009, Mark Hughes - wanda aka ɗauke shi aiki jim kaɗan kafin canjin ikon mallakar amma tun asali sabuwar hukumar ta riƙe shi - Roberto Mancini ya maye gurbinsa a matsayin manaja. City ta kammala kakar wasa a matsayi na biyar a gasar Premier, da kyar ta rasa gurbin shiga gasar zakarun Turai amma ta cancanci shiga gasar UEFA Europa League. ===Zaman tauraro na biyu da zuwan Pep Guardiola=== Ci gaba da saka hannun jari a cikin 'yan wasa ya biyo baya a lokuta masu zuwa, kuma sakamakon ya fara daidai da haɓakar ingancin ɗan wasa. City ta kai wasan karshe na cin kofin FA a shekarar 2011, babban wasan karshe na farko cikin sama da shekaru 30, bayan da ta doke abokiyar hamayyarta Manchester United a wasan kusa da na karshe, karo na farko da ta fitar da abokiyar karawarta daga gasar cin kofin tun 1975. Blues ta doke Stoke. City 1–0 a wasan karshe, inda ta samu nasarar cin kofin FA karo na biyar da kuma babban kofi na farko da kungiyar ta lashe tun bayan lashe kofin League na 1976. A ranar karshe ta kakar 2010-2011, City ta doke [[Arsenal F.C.]] a matsayi na uku, ta yadda ta samu cancantar shiga gasar zakarun Turai kai tsaye a group stage. An ci gaba da yin wasanni masu ƙarfi da kuma cimma nasarori a kakar wasa ta 2011–12, gami da nasarar da suka yi da Tottenham da ci 5–1 a White Hart Lane da kuma nasarar da ta yi daidai da 6–1 a kan Manchester United a Old Trafford, amma rashin kyawun tsari a rabin na biyu kakar wasan dai ya bar City a matsayi na biyu da maki takwas tsakaninta da United saura wasanni shida kacal a buga. A wannan lokacin, United ta yi rashin nasara a kan ta, inda ta yi kasa da maki takwas a cikin wasanni hudu, yayin da City ta fara samun nasara a jere, wanda ya sa kungiyoyin biyu suka tashi da maki daya saura wasanni biyu. Duk da Buluwa kawai suna bukatar nasara a gida da Queens Park Rangers, kungiya a yankin relegation, sun fadi a baya da ci 1-2 a karshen lokacin al'ada. Duk da haka, kwallaye biyu da aka zura a lokacin rauni – na biyu da Sergio Agüero ya zura a cikin minti na hudu da aka kara - ya daidaita kambin da City ta samu, wanda hakan ya sanya ta zama kungiya ta farko da ta lashe gasar Premier da maki kadai. A kakar wasa ta gaba, City ta kasa yin kwafin nasarar da ta samu a shekarar da ta gabata. Bayan kammala gasar ta biyu a gasar, maki goma sha daya a bayan Manchester United, da rashin nasara a gasar cin kofin FA 0–1 a hannun Wigan Athletic da ta koma mataki na daya, an kori Mancini. Manajan Chilean Manuel Pellegrini ne ya maye gurbinsa. A shekarar farko ta Pellegrini, City ta lashe kofin League kuma ta sake samun kofin Premier a ranar wasan karshe na kakar wasa. Tsarin gasar kungiyar sannan sannu a hankali ya ragu cikin shekaru biyu masu zuwa, yayin da Blues din ta kare a matsayi na biyu a 2014–15 sannan ta koma ta hudu a cikin 2015–16, kodayake kakar 2015–16 za ta ga City ta lashe wani kofin gasar Gasar Zakarun Turai na kusa da na karshe a karon farko. Pep Guardiola, tsohon kocin Barcelona da Bayern Munich, an tabbatar da zama sabon kocin Manchester City a ranar 1 ga Fabrairun 2016, tare da sanar da sanarwar watanni da yawa kafin Manuel Pellegrini ya bar mukaminsa. Kakar farko ta Guardiola a Manchester za ta kawo karshen gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai, inda Blues ke matsayi na uku a kan teburin gasar, amma kakar wasan da ta biyo baya ta samu nasara sosai, yayin da City ta lashe kofin Premier da maki mafi girma a tarihi tare da karya wasu kungiyoyi da na Ingila da dama. rubuce-rubuce a kan hanya. Wannan zai zama farkon nasarar da Manchester City ta samu a karkashin Guardiola. Tsakanin wasannin 2017-18 da 2022-23 na gasar Premier, City ta lashe kofunan lig biyar cikin shida, inda ta zo ta biyu a bayan Liverpool a kakar wasa ta 2019-20. Guardiola ya kuma jagoranci Blues zuwa gasar cin kofin gida, wanda aka haskaka ta nasarar cin Kofin League guda hudu a jere a 2018-2021. A lokacin kakar 2018-2019, City ta kammala babban gasar cikin gida da ba a taɓa gani ba na taken maza na Ingilishi. Baya ga lashe dukkanin manyan gasa uku na gasar kwallon kafa ta Ingila, sun kuma lashe Garkuwar Jama'a, wanda shi ne karon farko da kowace kungiya ta taba rike dukkan kofunan kwallon kafa hudu na Ingila a lokaci guda. A matakin nahiyar, kulob din ya samu ci gaba a cikin 2020-21, inda ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Zakarun Turai na farko. A cikin duk wani al'amari na Turanci, City ta yi rashin nasara 0-1 a Chelsea a Estádio do Dragão a [[Porto]].<ref>http://www.heraldsun.com.au/sport/football/the-resources-and-power-of-sheikh-mansoor-makes-this-deal-a-seismic-moment-for-the-aleague/story-fni2wcjl-1226808309758</ref> Kakar 2022-23 ta zama mafi girma a tarihin ƙungiyar, yayin da Manchester City ta lashe kofin Premier karo na uku a jere, da gasar cin kofin FA da abokiyar hamayyarta Manchester United, da kuma kofin gasar zakarun Turai na farko a filin wasa na Olympics na Atatürk da ke Istanbul Inter [[Milano|Milan]], ta haka ne ke haɗa wani abu mai wuyar gaske - wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na nahiyar. Hanyar cin kofin zakarun Turai ya hada da nasarar da Bayern Munich ta yi a Turai, wadda ta sha kashi da ci 4-1, da kuma Real Madrid, wadda ta sha kashi a hannun City da ci 1-5.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20070205055003/http://www.plusmarketsgroup.com/details.shtml?ISIN=GB0005599336</ref> Zamanin Manchester City na ci gaba da fafatawa a gasa ya zo daidai da tuhume-tuhume da kuma a lokuta da dama da aka samu na keta dokokin Financial Fair Play (FFP) da dokokin Premier League. A cikin 2014, Manchester City ta kasance batun yarjejeniyar sasantawa da UEFA wanda, a cikin matakai da yawa, an sanya iyaka kan adadin 'yan wasan da za su iya yin rajista a cikin jerin sunayen 'yan wasan na UEFA da kuma adadin da za a iya kashewa. a kan canja wuri da kuɗin fa'idar ma'aikata, an kuma bayar da tarar.<ref>https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/10-things-you-need-know-about-manchester-clubs-humble-beginnings</ref> A cikin 2017, Premier League ta ci tarar Manchester City tare da dakatar da siyan wasu 'yan wasa na makarantar shekaru biyu bayan da aka same su da karya dokokin ci gaban matasa. A shekarar 2020, Kotun sauraron kararrakin wasanni (CAS) ta yanke hukuncin cewa wasu takunkumin da UEFA ta sanyawa kulob din bai dace ba, wanda hakan ya yi watsi da dakatarwar da City ta yi na tsawon shekaru biyu a Turai, amma duk da haka ta gano cewa kulob din ya keta ka'idojin UEFA ta hanyar rashin bayar da hadin kai da kuma kawo cikas ga kungiyar. bincike, kuma saboda wannan "tsanani mai tsanani" ya ci tarar kulob din. A cikin 2023, Premier League ta ba da sanarwar nata binciken zargin da ake yi wa Manchester City, inda take tuhumar kungiyar da keta dokokin FFP har 115 har zuwa kakar wasa ta 2017-18. ===Tarihin gasar=== *1892–1899 Division 2 (L2) *1899–1902 Division 1 (L1) *1902–1903 Division 2 (L2) *1903–1909 Division 1 (L1) *1909–1910 Division 2 (L2) *1910–1926 Division 1 (L1) *1926–1928 Division 2 (L2) *1928–1938 Division 1 (L1) *1938–1947 Division 2 (L2) *1947–1950 Division 1 (L1) *1950–1951 Division 2 (L2) *1951–1963 Division 1 (L1) *1963–1966 Division 2 (L2) *1966–1983 Division 1 (L1) *1983–1985 Division 2 (L2) *1985–1987 Division 1 (L1) *1987–1989 Division 2 (L2) *1989–1992 Division 1 (L1) *1992–1996 Premier League (L1) *1996–1998 Division 1 (L2) *1998–1999 Division 2 (L3) *1999–2000 Division 1 (2) *2000–2001 Premier League (L1) *2001–2002 Division 1 (L2) *2002– Premier League (L1) ==Launuka da kuma Alamun Kulob== Launukan gidan Manchester City shuɗi ne da fari. Launukan kit na gargajiya sun kasance ko dai maroon ko (daga shekarun 1960) ja da baki; duk da haka, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan an yi amfani da launuka da dama. Ba a san asalin launukan gidan kulob din ba, amma akwai alamun cewa kulob din ya sanya shudi tun 1892 ko kuma baya. Wani ɗan littafi mai suna Shahararrun Kungiyoyin Kwallon Kafa - Manchester City wanda aka buga a shekarun 1940 ya nuna cewa West Gorton (St. Marks) tun asali tana wasa da ja da baki, kuma rahotanni daga 1884 sun bayyana ƙungiyar sanye da baƙaƙen riga mai ɗauke da farar giciye, wanda ke nuna asalin ƙungiyar kamar haka. gefen coci. Yin amfani da launin ja da baƙar fata ba safai ba har yanzu ya fito ne daga imanin tsohon mataimakin manajan Malcolm Allison cewa ɗaukar launukan AC Milan zai ƙarfafa City ga ɗaukaka. Alamar Allison da alama yana aiki, tare da City ta lashe gasar cin kofin FA 1969, da 1970 kofin cin Kofin Jikiriku a 1970 yayin da ake adawa da Kungiyar Sky Blue. ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:City, Manchester}} [[Category: Kungiyoyi kwallon kafa]] g381bexr2niqqtg8boe1ekxy34bf988 878644 878643 2026-07-07T19:14:43Z Abdulmuddalib Iabrahim Salisu 14681 878644 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Manchester United FC - Manchester City FC, 25 October 2015 - 27.JPG|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 16.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 12.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 13.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 24.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 04.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 22.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester City FC trophies displayed at the Renzo Barbera Stadium 03.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester City FC trophies displayed at the Renzo Barbera Stadium 02.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:City of Manchester external view.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester United FC - Manchester City FC, 25 October 2015 - 04.JPG|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 10.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:City of Manchester Stadium Wikivoyage banner.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 27.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Arsenal vs Manchester City (2013).jpg|thumb]] '''Manchester City Football Club''' akan takaita sunan zuwa '''Man City''', ta kasance kulob ɗin ƙwararrun ƴan ƙwallon ƙafa ne dake zaune a garin [[Manchester]], England, UK, suna fafatawa a gasar [[Premier League]], babban gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar England. Manchester City ta fara amfani da kayan sawanta na gida mai launin girgije tun acikin shekarar 1894, kuma shi ne kakar ƙungiyar na farko da ta fara amfani da sunan ta na yanzu. Kulob ɗin ta lashe kofin league guda goma (wanda huɗu daga ciki a jere ta lashe su acikin shekara ta 2020-zuwa cikin shekara ta 2024 wanda hakan yasa ta zama ƙungiya ta farko da ta yi irin haka a tarihi) da lashe Kofin FA bakwai, da EFL takwas, FA Community Shield shida, Gasar UEFA Champions league ɗaya, da kuma European Cup Winners'Cup guda ɗaya. ==Tarihi== An kafa ƙungiyar acikin shekara ta alif ɗari takwas da tamanin 1880, ta shiga cikin gasar English Football League acikin shekara ta 1899,ta lashe babbar gasar na farko da Kofin FA|Kofin [[FIFA|fiFA]] a 1904 FA Cup Final shekara ta 1904. Sun samu nasarori a karshen shekara ta 1960s, inda suka lashe kofin League, fiFA Cup da League Cup a karkashin horarwar Joe Mercer da Malcolm Allison. Bayan rashin nasarar ta shekarar 1981 FA Cup Final, kulob din ta fada cikin rashin tagomashi,da samun Promotion and relegation|relegation har zuwa rukuni na uku a English football league system|English football. [[File:City of Manchester Stadium 2.jpg|thumb|Babban filin wasa na Manchester City ]] [[File:Josep Guardiola 2023-10-04 Fußball, Männer, UEFA Champions League, RB Leipzig - Manchester City FC 1DX 2797 (cropped).jpg|thumb|kocin Manchester City. Pep Guardiola.]] [[File:David Silva shaved Man City 2017 (36471171422) (cropped).jpg|thumb|Captain din Manchester city. David Silva]] Bayan dawowar su cikin gasar Premier League a shekara ta 2000s, An saida kulob din Manchester City acikin shekara ta 2008, wanda Abu Dhabi United Group suka saya a £210&nbsp;million, da samun sa jari da dama. Kulob ta samu nasarar lashe gasa da dama a tsakanin shekarun 2010s, kuma suka zama Kulob ta farko da ta samu kaiwa maki Premier League records and statistics#Points|100 points a kakar gasar [[premier league]]. Kudin shigar kulub din Manchester City shine na biyar a Deloitte Football Money League|fifth highest a duniya a tsakanin shekara ta 2017–har zuwa zuwa cikin shekara ta 2018 na kakar gasa, wanda yakai €527.7&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.deloitte.com/uk/en/pages/sports-business-group/articles/deloitte-football-money-league.html|title=Deloitte Football Money League 2018|date=23 January 2018|accessdate=23 January 2018|publisher=Deloitte}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://uk.businessinsider.com/the-20-most-popular-rich-list-football-teams-on-social-media-2018-8/#10-manchester-city-493-million-followers-11 |title=UK Business Insider |access-date=2019-01-26 |archive-date=2018-11-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181118041429/http://uk.businessinsider.com/the-20-most-popular-rich-list-football-teams-on-social-media-2018-8#10-manchester-city-493-million-followers-11 |url-status=dead }}</ref> acikin shekara ta 2018, kulub din ita ce na Biyar a Forbes' list of the most valuable football clubs|fifth most valuable a duniya da kudin da suka kai $2.47&nbsp;billion.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/mikeozanian/2018/06/12/the-worlds-most-valuable-soccer-teams-2018/#3dddb7c845c8|title=The World's Most Valuable Soccer Teams 2018|last=Ozanian|first=Mike|work=Forbes}}</ref>. [[File:2011 FA Cup Final Victory Parade (4).jpg|thumb|kungiyar Manchester City kenan a lokacin murnar lashe kofin FA acikin shekara ta 2011]] Kulub din nada babban hamayya sosai tsakanin ta da takwarar ta [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] a wasa tsakanin su da ake kira da Manchester Derby. ===Shekarun farko da nasarorin farko=== City ta sami karramawar farko ta hanyar cin nasara a rukuni na biyu acikin shekara ta 1899; tare da samun ci gaba zuwa matsayi mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingilishi, Rukunin Farko. Sun ci gaba da neman babbar karramawarsu ta farko a ranar 23 ga watan Afrilun shekara ta 1904, inda suka doke Bolton Wanderers 1–0 a Crystal Palace don lashe kofin FA; 'Yan wasan Blues sun yi rashin nasara a gasar League da Cup sau biyu a waccan kakar bayan sun kammala gasar zakarun Turai, amma duk da haka sun zama kulob na farko a Manchester da suka samu babbar daraja.Acikin shekarun da suka biyo bayan nasarar cin kofin FA, kulob din ya fuskanci zarge zarge na rashin bin ka'ida, wanda ya kai ga dakatar da 'yan wasa goma sha bakwai acikin shekara ta 1906, ciki har da kyaftin Billy Meredith, wanda daga baya ya wuce garin zuwa Manchester United. Wuta a hanyar Hyde ta lalata babbar tashar acikin shekara ta 1920, kuma a cikin shekara ta 1923 ƙungiyar ta koma sabon filin wasansu da aka gina a Maine Road a cikin Moss Side. A cikin shekarun 1930, Manchester City ta kai wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin FA sau biyu a jere, inda ta yi rashin nasara a hannun Everton acikin shekara ta 1933, kafin ta ci kofin da ta doke Portsmouth acikin shekara ta 1934. A lokacin gudu na cikin shekara ta 1934, kulob din ya karya tarihin zuwa gida mafi girma na kowane kulob a kwallon kafa ta Ingila. tarihi, yayin da magoya bayan 84,569 suka cika titin Maine a gasar cin kofin FA zagaye na shida da Stoke City - tarihin da ya tsaya har zuwa cikin shekara ta 2016. Kungiyar ta lashe gasar rukunin farko a karon farko a cikin shekara ta 1937, amma an sake fitar da ita a kakar wasa ta gaba, duk da zura kwallaye a raga. fiye da kowace kungiya a rukunin. Shekaru 20 bayan haka, wata ƙungiyar Birni ta yi wahayi zuwa ga tsarin dabara da aka sani da Revie Plan ta sake kai wasan karshe a gasar cin kofin FA a jere, acikin shekara shekara ta 1955 da 1956; kamar yadda a cikin 1930s, suka yi rashin nasara na farko, a Newcastle United, kuma suka ci na biyu. Wasan karshe da tayi 1956, wanda Blues ta doke [[Birmingham]] City 3–1, ya ga golan City Bert Trautmann ya ci gaba da taka leda bayan karya wuyansa da rashin sani. ===Zamanin tauraro na farko da kalubalen da suka biyo baya=== Bayan an koma mataki na biyu a cikin 1963, nan gaba ta yi kamar ba ta da kyau tare da ƙarancin halartan gida na 8,015 da Swindon Town a cikin watan Janairun shekara shekara ta 1965. A lokacin bazara na 1965, an nada ƙungiyar gudanarwa ta Joe Mercer da Malcolm Allison . A kakar wasa ta farko a karkashin Mercer, Manchester City ta lashe kambun Division na Biyu kuma ta sanya hannu mai mahimmanci a Mike Summerbee da Colin Bell. Bayan shekaru biyu, a cikin shekara ta 1967–68, City ta yi nasarar lashe kofin gasar a karo na biyu, inda ta doke makwabciyarta Manchester United a gasar a ranar karshe ta kakar wasan da ci 4-3 a Newcastle United. Karin kofuna sun biyo baya: City ta lashe kofin FA a 1969 kuma bayan shekara guda ta yi nasara a gasar cin kofin Turai, inda ta doke Górnik Zabrze 2–1 acikin shekara ta 1970 na wasan karshe. Wannan ita ce karramawar da kulob din ya samu a Turai har zuwa nasarar da suka samu a gasar zakarun Turai ta 2022-23. Har ila yau, Blues ta lashe gasar cin kofin League a waccan shekarar, inda ta zama tawagar Ingila ta biyu da ta lashe kofin Turai da kofin gida a kakar wasa guda. Kulob din ya ci gaba da kalubalantar daukaka a cikin shekarun 1970s, inda ya kammala maki daya a bayan zakarun gasar a lokuta biyu kuma ya kai wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin League na 1974. Daya daga cikin wasannin na wannan lokacin da magoya bayan Manchester City ke tunawa da su shi ne wasan karshe na kakar 1973-74 da abokan hamayyarta na Manchester United, wadanda ke bukatar yin nasara don samun wani begen gujewa faduwa. Tsohon dan wasan United Denis Law ya zura kwallo da diddige don bai wa City nasara da ci 1-0 a Old Trafford da kuma tabbatar da faduwa daga abokan hamayyarsu. Kofin karshe na lokacin da ya fi samun nasara a kungiyar a karni na 20 an ci shi ne a shekarar 1976, lokacin da aka doke Newcastle United da ci 2-1 a wasan karshe na cin kofin League. Wani dogon lokaci na biyo bayan nasarar shekarun 1960 da 1970. Malcolm Allison ya koma kulob din ya zama koci karo na biyu a shekarar 1979, amma ya yi almubazzaranci da makudan kudade kan sa hannu da dama da ba su yi nasara ba, irin su Steve Daley. Bayan haka, wasu manajoji sun biyo baya - bakwai a cikin 1980s kadai. Karkashin John Bond, City ta kai wasan karshe na cin kofin FA na 1981 amma ta sha kashi a karawar da Tottenham Hotspur ta yi. Sau biyu kulob din ya yi fice daga matakin farko a cikin shekarun 1980 (a cikin 1983 da 1987), amma kuma ya koma mataki na farko a 1989 kuma ya kare a matsayi na biyar a 1991 da 1992 a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Peter Reid. Koyaya, wannan ɗan hutu ne kawai, kuma bayan tafiyar Reid dukiyar Manchester City ta ci gaba da dusashewa. City ta kasance masu kafa ƙungiyar Premier League bayan ƙirƙirar ta a 1992, amma bayan da ta kare a matsayi na tara a kakar wasan farko, sun yi fama da gwagwarmaya na shekaru uku kafin a sake su a 1996. mafi ƙasƙanci a tarihin su, zama na biyu da suka lashe kofin Turai da aka sake komawa gasar rukuni-rukuni na ƙasarsu bayan 1. FC Magdeburg ta [[Jamus]]. ===Farfadowa ta biyu=== Bayan da aka tashi daga gasar, kulob din ya fuskanci tashe-tashen hankula a waje, tare da sabon shugaban David Bernstein ya gabatar da ingantaccen tsarin kasafin kudi. Karkashin kociyan Joe Royle, City ta sami daukaka a yunkurin farko, wanda aka samu ta hanyar ban mamaki a wasan karshe na rukuni na biyu da Gillingham. Matsayin ci gaba na biyu a jere ya ga City ta koma mataki na gaba, amma wannan ya zama mataki mai nisa ga ƙungiyar da ke murmurewa, kuma a cikin 2001 An sake komawa City sau ɗaya. Kevin Keegan ya maye gurbin Royle a matsayin koci a ƙarshen kakar wasa ta ƙarshe, kuma ya samu koma baya nan da nan zuwa babban rukuni yayin da ƙungiyar ta lashe gasar rukunin farko ta 2001-2002, ta karya tarihin ƙungiyar na yawan maki da aka zura a raga a kakar wasa ɗaya a gasar. tsari. Kakar 2002–03 ita ce ta ƙarshe a Maine Road kuma ta haɗa da 3-1 derby nasara akan abokan hammayarsu Manchester United, wanda ya kawo karshen shekara 13 da aka yi ba tare da nasara ba. Bugu da ƙari, City ta cancanci shiga gasar Turai a karon farko cikin shekaru 25 ta hanyar UEFA fair play ranking. A karshen kakar wasa ta 2003–04, kulob din ya koma sabon City na filin wasa na Manchester. Shekaru hudu na farko a filin wasa duk sun haifar da kammala tsakiyar tebur. Tsohon manajan Ingila Sven-Göran Eriksson ya zama kociyan kungiyar na kasashen waje na farko lokacin da aka nada shi a shekarar 2007. Bayan fara wasa mai kyau, wasan kwaikwayo ya dusashe a rabin na biyu na kakar wasa, kuma an kori Eriksson a ranar 2 ga Yuni 2008; Mark Hughes ya maye gurbinsa bayan kwana biyu. A shekara ta 2008, Manchester City ta kasance cikin mawuyacin hali na rashin kuɗi. Thaksin Shinawatra ya karbi ragamar kulab din a shekarar da ta gabata, amma fafutukar siyasarsa ta ga kadarorinsa sun daskare. Sannan, a cikin Agusta 2008, Ƙungiyar Abu Dhabi United ta sayi Birni. Taken ya biyo bayan yunƙurin neman manyan ‘yan wasa; Kulob din ya karya tarihin sayan 'yan wasa na Biritaniya ta hanyar siyan Robinho dan kasar [[Brazil]] daga Real Madrid kan fan miliyan 32.5. Ba a samu wani gagarumin ci gaba ba idan aka kwatanta da kakar da ta gabata duk da kwararar kudi duk da haka, kungiyar ta kare a mataki na goma, duk da cewa ta yi rawar gani ta kai wasan daf da na kusa da karshe a gasar cin kofin UEFA. A lokacin bazara na 2009, ƙungiyar ta ɗauki kashe kuɗin canja wuri zuwa matakin da ba a taɓa gani ba, tare da kashe sama da fam miliyan 100 akan 'yan wasa Gareth Barry, Roque Santa Cruz, Kolo Touré, Emmanuel Adebayor, Carlos Tevez, da Joleon Lescott. A cikin Disamba 2009, Mark Hughes - wanda aka ɗauke shi aiki jim kaɗan kafin canjin ikon mallakar amma tun asali sabuwar hukumar ta riƙe shi - Roberto Mancini ya maye gurbinsa a matsayin manaja. City ta kammala kakar wasa a matsayi na biyar a gasar Premier, da kyar ta rasa gurbin shiga gasar zakarun Turai amma ta cancanci shiga gasar UEFA Europa League. ===Zaman tauraro na biyu da zuwan Pep Guardiola=== Ci gaba da saka hannun jari a cikin 'yan wasa ya biyo baya a lokuta masu zuwa, kuma sakamakon ya fara daidai da haɓakar ingancin ɗan wasa. City ta kai wasan karshe na cin kofin FA a shekarar 2011, babban wasan karshe na farko cikin sama da shekaru 30, bayan da ta doke abokiyar hamayyarta Manchester United a wasan kusa da na karshe, karo na farko da ta fitar da abokiyar karawarta daga gasar cin kofin tun 1975. Blues ta doke Stoke. City 1–0 a wasan karshe, inda ta samu nasarar cin kofin FA karo na biyar da kuma babban kofi na farko da kungiyar ta lashe tun bayan lashe kofin League na 1976. A ranar karshe ta kakar 2010-2011, City ta doke [[Arsenal F.C.]] a matsayi na uku, ta yadda ta samu cancantar shiga gasar zakarun Turai kai tsaye a group stage. An ci gaba da yin wasanni masu ƙarfi da kuma cimma nasarori a kakar wasa ta 2011–12, gami da nasarar da suka yi da Tottenham da ci 5–1 a White Hart Lane da kuma nasarar da ta yi daidai da 6–1 a kan Manchester United a Old Trafford, amma rashin kyawun tsari a rabin na biyu kakar wasan dai ya bar City a matsayi na biyu da maki takwas tsakaninta da United saura wasanni shida kacal a buga. A wannan lokacin, United ta yi rashin nasara a kan ta, inda ta yi kasa da maki takwas a cikin wasanni hudu, yayin da City ta fara samun nasara a jere, wanda ya sa kungiyoyin biyu suka tashi da maki daya saura wasanni biyu. Duk da Buluwa kawai suna bukatar nasara a gida da Queens Park Rangers, kungiya a yankin relegation, sun fadi a baya da ci 1-2 a karshen lokacin al'ada. Duk da haka, kwallaye biyu da aka zura a lokacin rauni – na biyu da Sergio Agüero ya zura a cikin minti na hudu da aka kara - ya daidaita kambin da City ta samu, wanda hakan ya sanya ta zama kungiya ta farko da ta lashe gasar Premier da maki kadai. A kakar wasa ta gaba, City ta kasa yin kwafin nasarar da ta samu a shekarar da ta gabata. Bayan kammala gasar ta biyu a gasar, maki goma sha daya a bayan Manchester United, da rashin nasara a gasar cin kofin FA 0–1 a hannun Wigan Athletic da ta koma mataki na daya, an kori Mancini. Manajan Chilean Manuel Pellegrini ne ya maye gurbinsa. A shekarar farko ta Pellegrini, City ta lashe kofin League kuma ta sake samun kofin Premier a ranar wasan karshe na kakar wasa. Tsarin gasar kungiyar sannan sannu a hankali ya ragu cikin shekaru biyu masu zuwa, yayin da Blues din ta kare a matsayi na biyu a 2014–15 sannan ta koma ta hudu a cikin 2015–16, kodayake kakar 2015–16 za ta ga City ta lashe wani kofin gasar Gasar Zakarun Turai na kusa da na karshe a karon farko. Pep Guardiola, tsohon kocin Barcelona da Bayern Munich, an tabbatar da zama sabon kocin Manchester City a ranar 1 ga Fabrairun 2016, tare da sanar da sanarwar watanni da yawa kafin Manuel Pellegrini ya bar mukaminsa. Kakar farko ta Guardiola a Manchester za ta kawo karshen gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai, inda Blues ke matsayi na uku a kan teburin gasar, amma kakar wasan da ta biyo baya ta samu nasara sosai, yayin da City ta lashe kofin Premier da maki mafi girma a tarihi tare da karya wasu kungiyoyi da na Ingila da dama. rubuce-rubuce a kan hanya. Wannan zai zama farkon nasarar da Manchester City ta samu a karkashin Guardiola. Tsakanin wasannin 2017-18 da 2022-23 na gasar Premier, City ta lashe kofunan lig biyar cikin shida, inda ta zo ta biyu a bayan Liverpool a kakar wasa ta 2019-20. Guardiola ya kuma jagoranci Blues zuwa gasar cin kofin gida, wanda aka haskaka ta nasarar cin Kofin League guda hudu a jere a 2018-2021. A lokacin kakar 2018-2019, City ta kammala babban gasar cikin gida da ba a taɓa gani ba na taken maza na Ingilishi. Baya ga lashe dukkanin manyan gasa uku na gasar kwallon kafa ta Ingila, sun kuma lashe Garkuwar Jama'a, wanda shi ne karon farko da kowace kungiya ta taba rike dukkan kofunan kwallon kafa hudu na Ingila a lokaci guda. A matakin nahiyar, kulob din ya samu ci gaba a cikin 2020-21, inda ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Zakarun Turai na farko. A cikin duk wani al'amari na Turanci, City ta yi rashin nasara 0-1 a Chelsea a Estádio do Dragão a [[Porto]].<ref>http://www.heraldsun.com.au/sport/football/the-resources-and-power-of-sheikh-mansoor-makes-this-deal-a-seismic-moment-for-the-aleague/story-fni2wcjl-1226808309758</ref> Kakar 2022-23 ta zama mafi girma a tarihin ƙungiyar, yayin da Manchester City ta lashe kofin Premier karo na uku a jere, da gasar cin kofin FA da abokiyar hamayyarta Manchester United, da kuma kofin gasar zakarun Turai na farko a filin wasa na Olympics na Atatürk da ke Istanbul Inter [[Milano|Milan]], ta haka ne ke haɗa wani abu mai wuyar gaske - wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na nahiyar. Hanyar cin kofin zakarun Turai ya hada da nasarar da Bayern Munich ta yi a Turai, wadda ta sha kashi da ci 4-1, da kuma Real Madrid, wadda ta sha kashi a hannun City da ci 1-5.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20070205055003/http://www.plusmarketsgroup.com/details.shtml?ISIN=GB0005599336</ref> Zamanin Manchester City na ci gaba da fafatawa a gasa ya zo daidai da tuhume-tuhume da kuma a lokuta da dama da aka samu na keta dokokin Financial Fair Play (FFP) da dokokin Premier League. A cikin 2014, Manchester City ta kasance batun yarjejeniyar sasantawa da UEFA wanda, a cikin matakai da yawa, an sanya iyaka kan adadin 'yan wasan da za su iya yin rajista a cikin jerin sunayen 'yan wasan na UEFA da kuma adadin da za a iya kashewa. a kan canja wuri da kuɗin fa'idar ma'aikata, an kuma bayar da tarar.<ref>https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/10-things-you-need-know-about-manchester-clubs-humble-beginnings</ref> A cikin 2017, Premier League ta ci tarar Manchester City tare da dakatar da siyan wasu 'yan wasa na makarantar shekaru biyu bayan da aka same su da karya dokokin ci gaban matasa. A shekarar 2020, Kotun sauraron kararrakin wasanni (CAS) ta yanke hukuncin cewa wasu takunkumin da UEFA ta sanyawa kulob din bai dace ba, wanda hakan ya yi watsi da dakatarwar da City ta yi na tsawon shekaru biyu a Turai, amma duk da haka ta gano cewa kulob din ya keta ka'idojin UEFA ta hanyar rashin bayar da hadin kai da kuma kawo cikas ga kungiyar. bincike, kuma saboda wannan "tsanani mai tsanani" ya ci tarar kulob din. A cikin 2023, Premier League ta ba da sanarwar nata binciken zargin da ake yi wa Manchester City, inda take tuhumar kungiyar da keta dokokin FFP har 115 har zuwa kakar wasa ta 2017-18. ===Tarihin gasar=== *1892–1899 Division 2 (L2) *1899–1902 Division 1 (L1) *1902–1903 Division 2 (L2) *1903–1909 Division 1 (L1) *1909–1910 Division 2 (L2) *1910–1926 Division 1 (L1) *1926–1928 Division 2 (L2) *1928–1938 Division 1 (L1) *1938–1947 Division 2 (L2) *1947–1950 Division 1 (L1) *1950–1951 Division 2 (L2) *1951–1963 Division 1 (L1) *1963–1966 Division 2 (L2) *1966–1983 Division 1 (L1) *1983–1985 Division 2 (L2) *1985–1987 Division 1 (L1) *1987–1989 Division 2 (L2) *1989–1992 Division 1 (L1) *1992–1996 Premier League (L1) *1996–1998 Division 1 (L2) *1998–1999 Division 2 (L3) *1999–2000 Division 1 (2) *2000–2001 Premier League (L1) *2001–2002 Division 1 (L2) *2002– Premier League (L1) ==Launuka da kuma Alamun Kulob== Launukan gidan Manchester City shuɗi ne da fari. Launukan kit na gargajiya sun kasance ko dai maroon ko (daga shekarun 1960) ja da baki; duk da haka, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan an yi amfani da launuka da dama. Ba a san asalin launukan gidan kulob din ba, amma akwai alamun cewa kulob din ya sanya shudi tun 1892 ko kuma baya. Wani ɗan littafi mai suna Shahararrun Kungiyoyin Kwallon Kafa - Manchester City wanda aka buga a shekarun 1940 ya nuna cewa West Gorton (St. Marks) tun asali tana wasa da ja da baki, kuma rahotanni daga 1884 sun bayyana ƙungiyar sanye da baƙaƙen riga mai ɗauke da farar giciye, wanda ke nuna asalin ƙungiyar kamar haka. gefen coci. Yin amfani da launin ja da baƙar fata ba safai ba har yanzu ya fito ne daga imanin tsohon mataimakin manajan Malcolm Allison cewa ɗaukar launukan AC Milan zai ƙarfafa City ga ɗaukaka. Alamar Allison da alama yana aiki, tare da City ta lashe gasar cin kofin FA 1969, da 1970 kofin cin Kofin Jikiriku a 1970 yayin da ake adawa da Kungiyar Sky Blue. ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:City, Manchester}} [[Category: Kungiyoyi kwallon kafa]] k0xua50qngugfc1clto2v7vcll91wef 878646 878644 2026-07-07T19:16:10Z Abdulmuddalib Iabrahim Salisu 14681 878646 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Manchester United FC - Manchester City FC, 25 October 2015 - 27.JPG|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 16.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 12.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 13.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 24.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 04.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 22.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester City FC trophies displayed at the Renzo Barbera Stadium 03.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester City FC trophies displayed at the Renzo Barbera Stadium 02.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:City of Manchester external view.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester United FC - Manchester City FC, 25 October 2015 - 04.JPG|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 10.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:City of Manchester Stadium Wikivoyage banner.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 27.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Arsenal vs Manchester City (2013).jpg|thumb]] '''Manchester City Football Club''' akan takaita sunan zuwa '''Man City''', ta kasance kulob ɗin ƙwararrun ƴan ƙwallon ƙafa ne dake zaune a garin [[Manchester]], England, UK, suna fafatawa a gasar [[Premier League]], babban gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar England. Manchester City ta fara amfani da kayan sawanta na gida mai launin girgije tun acikin shekarar 1894, kuma shi ne kakar ƙungiyar na farko da ta fara amfani da sunan ta na yanzu. Kulob ɗin ta lashe kofin league guda goma (wanda huɗu daga ciki a jere ta lashe su acikin shekara ta 2020-zuwa cikin shekara ta 2024 wanda hakan yasa ta zama ƙungiya ta farko da ta yi irin haka a tarihi) da lashe Kofin FA bakwai, da EFL takwas, FA Community Shield shida, Gasar UEFA Champions league ɗaya, da kuma European Cup Winners'Cup guda ɗaya. ==Tarihi== An kafa ƙungiyar acikin shekara ta alif ɗari takwas da tamanin 1880, ta shiga cikin gasar English Football League acikin shekara ta 1899,ta lashe babbar gasar na farko da Kofin FA|Kofin [[FIFA|fiFA]] a 1904 FA Cup Final shekara ta 1904. Sun samu nasarori a karshen shekara ta 1960s, inda suka lashe kofin League, fiFA Cup da League Cup a karkashin horarwar Joe Mercer da Malcolm Allison. Bayan rashin nasarar ta shekarar 1981 FA Cup Final, kulob din ta fada cikin rashin tagomashi,da samun Promotion and relegation|relegation har zuwa rukuni na uku a English football league system|English football. [[File:City of Manchester Stadium 2.jpg|thumb|Babban filin wasa na Manchester City ]] [[File:Josep Guardiola 2023-10-04 Fußball, Männer, UEFA Champions League, RB Leipzig - Manchester City FC 1DX 2797 (cropped).jpg|thumb|kocin Manchester City. Pep Guardiola.]] [[File:David Silva shaved Man City 2017 (36471171422) (cropped).jpg|thumb|Captain din Manchester city. David Silva]] Bayan dawowar su cikin gasar Premier League a shekara ta 2000s, An saida kulob din Manchester City acikin shekara ta 2008, wanda Abu Dhabi United Group suka saya a £210&nbsp;million, da samun sa jari da dama. Kulob ta samu nasarar lashe gasa da dama a tsakanin shekarun 2010s, kuma suka zama Kulob ta farko da ta samu kaiwa maki Premier League records and statistics#Points|100 points a kakar gasar [[premier league]]. Kudin shigar kulub din Manchester City shine na biyar a Deloitte Football Money League|fifth highest a duniya a tsakanin shekara ta 2017–har zuwa zuwa cikin shekara ta 2018 na kakar gasa, wanda yakai €527.7&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.deloitte.com/uk/en/pages/sports-business-group/articles/deloitte-football-money-league.html|title=Deloitte Football Money League 2018|date=23 January 2018|accessdate=23 January 2018|publisher=Deloitte}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://uk.businessinsider.com/the-20-most-popular-rich-list-football-teams-on-social-media-2018-8/#10-manchester-city-493-million-followers-11 |title=UK Business Insider |access-date=2019-01-26 |archive-date=2018-11-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181118041429/http://uk.businessinsider.com/the-20-most-popular-rich-list-football-teams-on-social-media-2018-8#10-manchester-city-493-million-followers-11 |url-status=dead }}</ref> acikin shekara ta 2018, kulub din ita ce na Biyar a Forbes' list of the most valuable football clubs|fifth most valuable a duniya da kudin da suka kai $2.47&nbsp;billion.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/mikeozanian/2018/06/12/the-worlds-most-valuable-soccer-teams-2018/#3dddb7c845c8|title=The World's Most Valuable Soccer Teams 2018|last=Ozanian|first=Mike|work=Forbes}}</ref>. [[File:2011 FA Cup Final Victory Parade (4).jpg|thumb|kungiyar Manchester City kenan a lokacin murnar lashe kofin FA acikin shekara ta 2011]] Kulub din nada babban hamayya sosai tsakanin ta da takwarar ta [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] a wasa tsakanin su da ake kira da Manchester Derby. ===Shekarun farko da nasarorin farko=== City ta sami karramawar farko ta hanyar cin nasara a rukuni na biyu acikin shekara ta 1899; tare da samun ci gaba zuwa matsayi mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingilishi, Rukunin Farko. Sun ci gaba da neman babbar karramawarsu ta farko a ranar 23 ga watan Afrilun shekara ta 1904, inda suka doke Bolton Wanderers 1–0 a Crystal Palace don lashe kofin FA; 'Yan wasan Blues sun yi rashin nasara a gasar League da Cup sau biyu a waccan kakar bayan sun kammala gasar zakarun Turai, amma duk da haka sun zama kulob na farko a Manchester da suka samu babbar daraja.Acikin shekarun da suka biyo bayan nasarar cin kofin FA, kulob din ya fuskanci zarge zarge na rashin bin ka'ida, wanda ya kai ga dakatar da 'yan wasa goma sha bakwai acikin shekara ta 1906, ciki har da kyaftin Billy Meredith, wanda daga baya ya wuce garin zuwa Manchester United. Wuta a hanyar Hyde ta lalata babbar tashar acikin shekara ta 1920, kuma a cikin shekara ta 1923 ƙungiyar ta koma sabon filin wasansu da aka gina a Maine Road a cikin Moss Side. A cikin shekarun 1930, Manchester City ta kai wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin FA sau biyu a jere, inda ta yi rashin nasara a hannun Everton acikin shekara ta 1933, kafin ta ci kofin da ta doke Portsmouth acikin shekara ta 1934. A lokacin gudu na cikin shekara ta 1934, kulob din ya karya tarihin zuwa gida mafi girma na kowane kulob a kwallon kafa ta Ingila. tarihi, yayin da magoya bayan 84,569 suka cika titin Maine a gasar cin kofin FA zagaye na shida da Stoke City - tarihin da ya tsaya har zuwa cikin shekara ta 2016. Kungiyar ta lashe gasar rukunin farko a karon farko a cikin shekara ta 1937, amma an sake fitar da ita a kakar wasa ta gaba, duk da zura kwallaye a raga. fiye da kowace kungiya a rukunin. Shekaru 20 bayan haka, wata ƙungiyar Birni ta yi wahayi zuwa ga tsarin dabara da aka sani da Revie Plan ta sake kai wasan karshe a gasar cin kofin FA a jere, acikin shekara shekara ta 1955 da kuma cikin shekara ta 1956; kamar yadda a cikin 1930s, suka yi rashin nasara na farko, a Newcastle United, kuma suka ci na biyu. Wasan karshe da tayi 1956, wanda Blues ta doke [[Birmingham]] City 3–1, ya ga golan City Bert Trautmann ya ci gaba da taka leda bayan karya wuyansa da rashin sani. ===Zamanin tauraro na farko da kalubalen da suka biyo baya=== Bayan an koma mataki na biyu a cikin 1963, nan gaba ta yi kamar ba ta da kyau tare da ƙarancin halartan gida na 8,015 da Swindon Town a cikin watan Janairun shekara shekara ta 1965. A lokacin bazara na 1965, an nada ƙungiyar gudanarwa ta Joe Mercer da Malcolm Allison . A kakar wasa ta farko a karkashin Mercer, Manchester City ta lashe kambun Division na Biyu kuma ta sanya hannu mai mahimmanci a Mike Summerbee da Colin Bell. Bayan shekaru biyu, a cikin shekara ta 1967–68, City ta yi nasarar lashe kofin gasar a karo na biyu, inda ta doke makwabciyarta Manchester United a gasar a ranar karshe ta kakar wasan da ci 4-3 a Newcastle United. Karin kofuna sun biyo baya: City ta lashe kofin FA a 1969 kuma bayan shekara guda ta yi nasara a gasar cin kofin Turai, inda ta doke Górnik Zabrze 2–1 acikin shekara ta 1970 na wasan karshe. Wannan ita ce karramawar da kulob din ya samu a Turai har zuwa nasarar da suka samu a gasar zakarun Turai ta 2022-23. Har ila yau, Blues ta lashe gasar cin kofin League a waccan shekarar, inda ta zama tawagar Ingila ta biyu da ta lashe kofin Turai da kofin gida a kakar wasa guda. Kulob din ya ci gaba da kalubalantar daukaka a cikin shekarun 1970s, inda ya kammala maki daya a bayan zakarun gasar a lokuta biyu kuma ya kai wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin League na 1974. Daya daga cikin wasannin na wannan lokacin da magoya bayan Manchester City ke tunawa da su shi ne wasan karshe na kakar 1973-74 da abokan hamayyarta na Manchester United, wadanda ke bukatar yin nasara don samun wani begen gujewa faduwa. Tsohon dan wasan United Denis Law ya zura kwallo da diddige don bai wa City nasara da ci 1-0 a Old Trafford da kuma tabbatar da faduwa daga abokan hamayyarsu. Kofin karshe na lokacin da ya fi samun nasara a kungiyar a karni na 20 an ci shi ne a shekarar 1976, lokacin da aka doke Newcastle United da ci 2-1 a wasan karshe na cin kofin League. Wani dogon lokaci na biyo bayan nasarar shekarun 1960 da 1970. Malcolm Allison ya koma kulob din ya zama koci karo na biyu a shekarar 1979, amma ya yi almubazzaranci da makudan kudade kan sa hannu da dama da ba su yi nasara ba, irin su Steve Daley. Bayan haka, wasu manajoji sun biyo baya - bakwai a cikin 1980s kadai. Karkashin John Bond, City ta kai wasan karshe na cin kofin FA na 1981 amma ta sha kashi a karawar da Tottenham Hotspur ta yi. Sau biyu kulob din ya yi fice daga matakin farko a cikin shekarun 1980 (a cikin 1983 da 1987), amma kuma ya koma mataki na farko a 1989 kuma ya kare a matsayi na biyar a 1991 da 1992 a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Peter Reid. Koyaya, wannan ɗan hutu ne kawai, kuma bayan tafiyar Reid dukiyar Manchester City ta ci gaba da dusashewa. City ta kasance masu kafa ƙungiyar Premier League bayan ƙirƙirar ta a 1992, amma bayan da ta kare a matsayi na tara a kakar wasan farko, sun yi fama da gwagwarmaya na shekaru uku kafin a sake su a 1996. mafi ƙasƙanci a tarihin su, zama na biyu da suka lashe kofin Turai da aka sake komawa gasar rukuni-rukuni na ƙasarsu bayan 1. FC Magdeburg ta [[Jamus]]. ===Farfadowa ta biyu=== Bayan da aka tashi daga gasar, kulob din ya fuskanci tashe-tashen hankula a waje, tare da sabon shugaban David Bernstein ya gabatar da ingantaccen tsarin kasafin kudi. Karkashin kociyan Joe Royle, City ta sami daukaka a yunkurin farko, wanda aka samu ta hanyar ban mamaki a wasan karshe na rukuni na biyu da Gillingham. Matsayin ci gaba na biyu a jere ya ga City ta koma mataki na gaba, amma wannan ya zama mataki mai nisa ga ƙungiyar da ke murmurewa, kuma a cikin 2001 An sake komawa City sau ɗaya. Kevin Keegan ya maye gurbin Royle a matsayin koci a ƙarshen kakar wasa ta ƙarshe, kuma ya samu koma baya nan da nan zuwa babban rukuni yayin da ƙungiyar ta lashe gasar rukunin farko ta 2001-2002, ta karya tarihin ƙungiyar na yawan maki da aka zura a raga a kakar wasa ɗaya a gasar. tsari. Kakar 2002–03 ita ce ta ƙarshe a Maine Road kuma ta haɗa da 3-1 derby nasara akan abokan hammayarsu Manchester United, wanda ya kawo karshen shekara 13 da aka yi ba tare da nasara ba. Bugu da ƙari, City ta cancanci shiga gasar Turai a karon farko cikin shekaru 25 ta hanyar UEFA fair play ranking. A karshen kakar wasa ta 2003–04, kulob din ya koma sabon City na filin wasa na Manchester. Shekaru hudu na farko a filin wasa duk sun haifar da kammala tsakiyar tebur. Tsohon manajan Ingila Sven-Göran Eriksson ya zama kociyan kungiyar na kasashen waje na farko lokacin da aka nada shi a shekarar 2007. Bayan fara wasa mai kyau, wasan kwaikwayo ya dusashe a rabin na biyu na kakar wasa, kuma an kori Eriksson a ranar 2 ga Yuni 2008; Mark Hughes ya maye gurbinsa bayan kwana biyu. A shekara ta 2008, Manchester City ta kasance cikin mawuyacin hali na rashin kuɗi. Thaksin Shinawatra ya karbi ragamar kulab din a shekarar da ta gabata, amma fafutukar siyasarsa ta ga kadarorinsa sun daskare. Sannan, a cikin Agusta 2008, Ƙungiyar Abu Dhabi United ta sayi Birni. Taken ya biyo bayan yunƙurin neman manyan ‘yan wasa; Kulob din ya karya tarihin sayan 'yan wasa na Biritaniya ta hanyar siyan Robinho dan kasar [[Brazil]] daga Real Madrid kan fan miliyan 32.5. Ba a samu wani gagarumin ci gaba ba idan aka kwatanta da kakar da ta gabata duk da kwararar kudi duk da haka, kungiyar ta kare a mataki na goma, duk da cewa ta yi rawar gani ta kai wasan daf da na kusa da karshe a gasar cin kofin UEFA. A lokacin bazara na 2009, ƙungiyar ta ɗauki kashe kuɗin canja wuri zuwa matakin da ba a taɓa gani ba, tare da kashe sama da fam miliyan 100 akan 'yan wasa Gareth Barry, Roque Santa Cruz, Kolo Touré, Emmanuel Adebayor, Carlos Tevez, da Joleon Lescott. A cikin Disamba 2009, Mark Hughes - wanda aka ɗauke shi aiki jim kaɗan kafin canjin ikon mallakar amma tun asali sabuwar hukumar ta riƙe shi - Roberto Mancini ya maye gurbinsa a matsayin manaja. City ta kammala kakar wasa a matsayi na biyar a gasar Premier, da kyar ta rasa gurbin shiga gasar zakarun Turai amma ta cancanci shiga gasar UEFA Europa League. ===Zaman tauraro na biyu da zuwan Pep Guardiola=== Ci gaba da saka hannun jari a cikin 'yan wasa ya biyo baya a lokuta masu zuwa, kuma sakamakon ya fara daidai da haɓakar ingancin ɗan wasa. City ta kai wasan karshe na cin kofin FA a shekarar 2011, babban wasan karshe na farko cikin sama da shekaru 30, bayan da ta doke abokiyar hamayyarta Manchester United a wasan kusa da na karshe, karo na farko da ta fitar da abokiyar karawarta daga gasar cin kofin tun 1975. Blues ta doke Stoke. City 1–0 a wasan karshe, inda ta samu nasarar cin kofin FA karo na biyar da kuma babban kofi na farko da kungiyar ta lashe tun bayan lashe kofin League na 1976. A ranar karshe ta kakar 2010-2011, City ta doke [[Arsenal F.C.]] a matsayi na uku, ta yadda ta samu cancantar shiga gasar zakarun Turai kai tsaye a group stage. An ci gaba da yin wasanni masu ƙarfi da kuma cimma nasarori a kakar wasa ta 2011–12, gami da nasarar da suka yi da Tottenham da ci 5–1 a White Hart Lane da kuma nasarar da ta yi daidai da 6–1 a kan Manchester United a Old Trafford, amma rashin kyawun tsari a rabin na biyu kakar wasan dai ya bar City a matsayi na biyu da maki takwas tsakaninta da United saura wasanni shida kacal a buga. A wannan lokacin, United ta yi rashin nasara a kan ta, inda ta yi kasa da maki takwas a cikin wasanni hudu, yayin da City ta fara samun nasara a jere, wanda ya sa kungiyoyin biyu suka tashi da maki daya saura wasanni biyu. Duk da Buluwa kawai suna bukatar nasara a gida da Queens Park Rangers, kungiya a yankin relegation, sun fadi a baya da ci 1-2 a karshen lokacin al'ada. Duk da haka, kwallaye biyu da aka zura a lokacin rauni – na biyu da Sergio Agüero ya zura a cikin minti na hudu da aka kara - ya daidaita kambin da City ta samu, wanda hakan ya sanya ta zama kungiya ta farko da ta lashe gasar Premier da maki kadai. A kakar wasa ta gaba, City ta kasa yin kwafin nasarar da ta samu a shekarar da ta gabata. Bayan kammala gasar ta biyu a gasar, maki goma sha daya a bayan Manchester United, da rashin nasara a gasar cin kofin FA 0–1 a hannun Wigan Athletic da ta koma mataki na daya, an kori Mancini. Manajan Chilean Manuel Pellegrini ne ya maye gurbinsa. A shekarar farko ta Pellegrini, City ta lashe kofin League kuma ta sake samun kofin Premier a ranar wasan karshe na kakar wasa. Tsarin gasar kungiyar sannan sannu a hankali ya ragu cikin shekaru biyu masu zuwa, yayin da Blues din ta kare a matsayi na biyu a 2014–15 sannan ta koma ta hudu a cikin 2015–16, kodayake kakar 2015–16 za ta ga City ta lashe wani kofin gasar Gasar Zakarun Turai na kusa da na karshe a karon farko. Pep Guardiola, tsohon kocin Barcelona da Bayern Munich, an tabbatar da zama sabon kocin Manchester City a ranar 1 ga Fabrairun 2016, tare da sanar da sanarwar watanni da yawa kafin Manuel Pellegrini ya bar mukaminsa. Kakar farko ta Guardiola a Manchester za ta kawo karshen gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai, inda Blues ke matsayi na uku a kan teburin gasar, amma kakar wasan da ta biyo baya ta samu nasara sosai, yayin da City ta lashe kofin Premier da maki mafi girma a tarihi tare da karya wasu kungiyoyi da na Ingila da dama. rubuce-rubuce a kan hanya. Wannan zai zama farkon nasarar da Manchester City ta samu a karkashin Guardiola. Tsakanin wasannin 2017-18 da 2022-23 na gasar Premier, City ta lashe kofunan lig biyar cikin shida, inda ta zo ta biyu a bayan Liverpool a kakar wasa ta 2019-20. Guardiola ya kuma jagoranci Blues zuwa gasar cin kofin gida, wanda aka haskaka ta nasarar cin Kofin League guda hudu a jere a 2018-2021. A lokacin kakar 2018-2019, City ta kammala babban gasar cikin gida da ba a taɓa gani ba na taken maza na Ingilishi. Baya ga lashe dukkanin manyan gasa uku na gasar kwallon kafa ta Ingila, sun kuma lashe Garkuwar Jama'a, wanda shi ne karon farko da kowace kungiya ta taba rike dukkan kofunan kwallon kafa hudu na Ingila a lokaci guda. A matakin nahiyar, kulob din ya samu ci gaba a cikin 2020-21, inda ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Zakarun Turai na farko. A cikin duk wani al'amari na Turanci, City ta yi rashin nasara 0-1 a Chelsea a Estádio do Dragão a [[Porto]].<ref>http://www.heraldsun.com.au/sport/football/the-resources-and-power-of-sheikh-mansoor-makes-this-deal-a-seismic-moment-for-the-aleague/story-fni2wcjl-1226808309758</ref> Kakar 2022-23 ta zama mafi girma a tarihin ƙungiyar, yayin da Manchester City ta lashe kofin Premier karo na uku a jere, da gasar cin kofin FA da abokiyar hamayyarta Manchester United, da kuma kofin gasar zakarun Turai na farko a filin wasa na Olympics na Atatürk da ke Istanbul Inter [[Milano|Milan]], ta haka ne ke haɗa wani abu mai wuyar gaske - wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na nahiyar. Hanyar cin kofin zakarun Turai ya hada da nasarar da Bayern Munich ta yi a Turai, wadda ta sha kashi da ci 4-1, da kuma Real Madrid, wadda ta sha kashi a hannun City da ci 1-5.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20070205055003/http://www.plusmarketsgroup.com/details.shtml?ISIN=GB0005599336</ref> Zamanin Manchester City na ci gaba da fafatawa a gasa ya zo daidai da tuhume-tuhume da kuma a lokuta da dama da aka samu na keta dokokin Financial Fair Play (FFP) da dokokin Premier League. A cikin 2014, Manchester City ta kasance batun yarjejeniyar sasantawa da UEFA wanda, a cikin matakai da yawa, an sanya iyaka kan adadin 'yan wasan da za su iya yin rajista a cikin jerin sunayen 'yan wasan na UEFA da kuma adadin da za a iya kashewa. a kan canja wuri da kuɗin fa'idar ma'aikata, an kuma bayar da tarar.<ref>https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/10-things-you-need-know-about-manchester-clubs-humble-beginnings</ref> A cikin 2017, Premier League ta ci tarar Manchester City tare da dakatar da siyan wasu 'yan wasa na makarantar shekaru biyu bayan da aka same su da karya dokokin ci gaban matasa. A shekarar 2020, Kotun sauraron kararrakin wasanni (CAS) ta yanke hukuncin cewa wasu takunkumin da UEFA ta sanyawa kulob din bai dace ba, wanda hakan ya yi watsi da dakatarwar da City ta yi na tsawon shekaru biyu a Turai, amma duk da haka ta gano cewa kulob din ya keta ka'idojin UEFA ta hanyar rashin bayar da hadin kai da kuma kawo cikas ga kungiyar. bincike, kuma saboda wannan "tsanani mai tsanani" ya ci tarar kulob din. A cikin 2023, Premier League ta ba da sanarwar nata binciken zargin da ake yi wa Manchester City, inda take tuhumar kungiyar da keta dokokin FFP har 115 har zuwa kakar wasa ta 2017-18. ===Tarihin gasar=== *1892–1899 Division 2 (L2) *1899–1902 Division 1 (L1) *1902–1903 Division 2 (L2) *1903–1909 Division 1 (L1) *1909–1910 Division 2 (L2) *1910–1926 Division 1 (L1) *1926–1928 Division 2 (L2) *1928–1938 Division 1 (L1) *1938–1947 Division 2 (L2) *1947–1950 Division 1 (L1) *1950–1951 Division 2 (L2) *1951–1963 Division 1 (L1) *1963–1966 Division 2 (L2) *1966–1983 Division 1 (L1) *1983–1985 Division 2 (L2) *1985–1987 Division 1 (L1) *1987–1989 Division 2 (L2) *1989–1992 Division 1 (L1) *1992–1996 Premier League (L1) *1996–1998 Division 1 (L2) *1998–1999 Division 2 (L3) *1999–2000 Division 1 (2) *2000–2001 Premier League (L1) *2001–2002 Division 1 (L2) *2002– Premier League (L1) ==Launuka da kuma Alamun Kulob== Launukan gidan Manchester City shuɗi ne da fari. Launukan kit na gargajiya sun kasance ko dai maroon ko (daga shekarun 1960) ja da baki; duk da haka, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan an yi amfani da launuka da dama. Ba a san asalin launukan gidan kulob din ba, amma akwai alamun cewa kulob din ya sanya shudi tun 1892 ko kuma baya. Wani ɗan littafi mai suna Shahararrun Kungiyoyin Kwallon Kafa - Manchester City wanda aka buga a shekarun 1940 ya nuna cewa West Gorton (St. Marks) tun asali tana wasa da ja da baki, kuma rahotanni daga 1884 sun bayyana ƙungiyar sanye da baƙaƙen riga mai ɗauke da farar giciye, wanda ke nuna asalin ƙungiyar kamar haka. gefen coci. Yin amfani da launin ja da baƙar fata ba safai ba har yanzu ya fito ne daga imanin tsohon mataimakin manajan Malcolm Allison cewa ɗaukar launukan AC Milan zai ƙarfafa City ga ɗaukaka. Alamar Allison da alama yana aiki, tare da City ta lashe gasar cin kofin FA 1969, da 1970 kofin cin Kofin Jikiriku a 1970 yayin da ake adawa da Kungiyar Sky Blue. ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:City, Manchester}} [[Category: Kungiyoyi kwallon kafa]] phmzqcbkdc3cojqmtgsc9at7y0sgt3r 878648 878646 2026-07-07T19:17:55Z Abdulmuddalib Iabrahim Salisu 14681 878648 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Manchester United FC - Manchester City FC, 25 October 2015 - 27.JPG|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 16.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 12.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 13.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 24.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 04.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 22.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester City FC trophies displayed at the Renzo Barbera Stadium 03.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester City FC trophies displayed at the Renzo Barbera Stadium 02.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:City of Manchester external view.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester United FC - Manchester City FC, 25 October 2015 - 04.JPG|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 10.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:City of Manchester Stadium Wikivoyage banner.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 27.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Arsenal vs Manchester City (2013).jpg|thumb]] '''Manchester City Football Club''' akan takaita sunan zuwa '''Man City''', ta kasance kulob ɗin ƙwararrun ƴan ƙwallon ƙafa ne dake zaune a garin [[Manchester]], England, UK, suna fafatawa a gasar [[Premier League]], babban gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar England. Manchester City ta fara amfani da kayan sawanta na gida mai launin girgije tun acikin shekarar 1894, kuma shi ne kakar ƙungiyar na farko da ta fara amfani da sunan ta na yanzu. Kulob ɗin ta lashe kofin league guda goma (wanda huɗu daga ciki a jere ta lashe su acikin shekara ta 2020-zuwa cikin shekara ta 2024 wanda hakan yasa ta zama ƙungiya ta farko da ta yi irin haka a tarihi) da lashe Kofin FA bakwai, da EFL takwas, FA Community Shield shida, Gasar UEFA Champions league ɗaya, da kuma European Cup Winners'Cup guda ɗaya. ==Tarihi== An kafa ƙungiyar acikin shekara ta alif ɗari takwas da tamanin 1880, ta shiga cikin gasar English Football League acikin shekara ta 1899,ta lashe babbar gasar na farko da Kofin FA|Kofin [[FIFA|fiFA]] a 1904 FA Cup Final shekara ta 1904. Sun samu nasarori a karshen shekara ta 1960s, inda suka lashe kofin League, fiFA Cup da League Cup a karkashin horarwar Joe Mercer da Malcolm Allison. Bayan rashin nasarar ta shekarar 1981 FA Cup Final, kulob din ta fada cikin rashin tagomashi,da samun Promotion and relegation|relegation har zuwa rukuni na uku a English football league system|English football. [[File:City of Manchester Stadium 2.jpg|thumb|Babban filin wasa na Manchester City ]] [[File:Josep Guardiola 2023-10-04 Fußball, Männer, UEFA Champions League, RB Leipzig - Manchester City FC 1DX 2797 (cropped).jpg|thumb|kocin Manchester City. Pep Guardiola.]] [[File:David Silva shaved Man City 2017 (36471171422) (cropped).jpg|thumb|Captain din Manchester city. David Silva]] Bayan dawowar su cikin gasar Premier League a shekara ta 2000s, An saida kulob din Manchester City acikin shekara ta 2008, wanda Abu Dhabi United Group suka saya a £210&nbsp;million, da samun sa jari da dama. Kulob ta samu nasarar lashe gasa da dama a tsakanin shekarun 2010s, kuma suka zama Kulob ta farko da ta samu kaiwa maki Premier League records and statistics#Points|100 points a kakar gasar [[premier league]]. Kudin shigar kulub din Manchester City shine na biyar a Deloitte Football Money League|fifth highest a duniya a tsakanin shekara ta 2017–har zuwa zuwa cikin shekara ta 2018 na kakar gasa, wanda yakai €527.7&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.deloitte.com/uk/en/pages/sports-business-group/articles/deloitte-football-money-league.html|title=Deloitte Football Money League 2018|date=23 January 2018|accessdate=23 January 2018|publisher=Deloitte}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://uk.businessinsider.com/the-20-most-popular-rich-list-football-teams-on-social-media-2018-8/#10-manchester-city-493-million-followers-11 |title=UK Business Insider |access-date=2019-01-26 |archive-date=2018-11-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181118041429/http://uk.businessinsider.com/the-20-most-popular-rich-list-football-teams-on-social-media-2018-8#10-manchester-city-493-million-followers-11 |url-status=dead }}</ref> acikin shekara ta 2018, kulub din ita ce na Biyar a Forbes' list of the most valuable football clubs|fifth most valuable a duniya da kudin da suka kai $2.47&nbsp;billion.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/mikeozanian/2018/06/12/the-worlds-most-valuable-soccer-teams-2018/#3dddb7c845c8|title=The World's Most Valuable Soccer Teams 2018|last=Ozanian|first=Mike|work=Forbes}}</ref>. [[File:2011 FA Cup Final Victory Parade (4).jpg|thumb|kungiyar Manchester City kenan a lokacin murnar lashe kofin FA acikin shekara ta 2011]] Kulub din nada babban hamayya sosai tsakanin ta da takwarar ta [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] a wasa tsakanin su da ake kira da Manchester Derby. ===Shekarun farko da nasarorin farko=== City ta sami karramawar farko ta hanyar cin nasara a rukuni na biyu acikin shekara ta 1899; tare da samun ci gaba zuwa matsayi mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingilishi, Rukunin Farko. Sun ci gaba da neman babbar karramawarsu ta farko a ranar 23 ga watan Afrilun shekara ta 1904, inda suka doke Bolton Wanderers 1–0 a Crystal Palace don lashe kofin FA; 'Yan wasan Blues sun yi rashin nasara a gasar League da Cup sau biyu a waccan kakar bayan sun kammala gasar zakarun Turai, amma duk da haka sun zama kulob na farko a Manchester da suka samu babbar daraja.Acikin shekarun da suka biyo bayan nasarar cin kofin FA, kulob din ya fuskanci zarge zarge na rashin bin ka'ida, wanda ya kai ga dakatar da 'yan wasa goma sha bakwai acikin shekara ta 1906, ciki har da kyaftin Billy Meredith, wanda daga baya ya wuce garin zuwa Manchester United. Wuta a hanyar Hyde ta lalata babbar tashar acikin shekara ta 1920, kuma a cikin shekara ta 1923 ƙungiyar ta koma sabon filin wasansu da aka gina a Maine Road a cikin Moss Side. A cikin shekarun 1930, Manchester City ta kai wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin FA sau biyu a jere, inda ta yi rashin nasara a hannun Everton acikin shekara ta 1933, kafin ta ci kofin da ta doke Portsmouth acikin shekara ta 1934. A lokacin gudu na cikin shekara ta 1934, kulob din ya karya tarihin zuwa gida mafi girma na kowane kulob a kwallon kafa ta Ingila. tarihi, yayin da magoya bayan 84,569 suka cika titin Maine a gasar cin kofin FA zagaye na shida da Stoke City - tarihin da ya tsaya har zuwa cikin shekara ta 2016. Kungiyar ta lashe gasar rukunin farko a karon farko a cikin shekara ta 1937, amma an sake fitar da ita a kakar wasa ta gaba, duk da zura kwallaye a raga. fiye da kowace kungiya a rukunin. Shekaru 20 bayan haka, wata ƙungiyar Birni ta yi wahayi zuwa ga tsarin dabara da aka sani da Revie Plan ta sake kai wasan karshe a gasar cin kofin FA a jere, acikin shekara shekara ta 1955 da kuma cikin shekara ta 1956; kamar yadda a cikin shekara ta 1930s, suka yi rashin nasara na farko, a Newcastle United, kuma suka ci na biyu. Wasan karshe da tayi 1956, wanda Blues ta doke [[Birmingham]] City 3–1, ya ga golan City Bert Trautmann ya ci gaba da taka leda bayan karya wuyansa da rashin sani. ===Zamanin tauraro na farko da kalubalen da suka biyo baya=== Bayan an koma mataki na biyu a cikin 1963, nan gaba ta yi kamar ba ta da kyau tare da ƙarancin halartan gida na 8,015 da Swindon Town a cikin watan Janairun shekara shekara ta 1965. A lokacin bazara na 1965, an nada ƙungiyar gudanarwa ta Joe Mercer da Malcolm Allison . A kakar wasa ta farko a karkashin Mercer, Manchester City ta lashe kambun Division na Biyu kuma ta sanya hannu mai mahimmanci a Mike Summerbee da Colin Bell. Bayan shekaru biyu, a cikin shekara ta 1967–68, City ta yi nasarar lashe kofin gasar a karo na biyu, inda ta doke makwabciyarta Manchester United a gasar a ranar karshe ta kakar wasan da ci 4-3 a Newcastle United. Karin kofuna sun biyo baya: City ta lashe kofin FA a 1969 kuma bayan shekara guda ta yi nasara a gasar cin kofin Turai, inda ta doke Górnik Zabrze 2–1 acikin shekara ta 1970 na wasan karshe. Wannan ita ce karramawar da kulob din ya samu a Turai har zuwa nasarar da suka samu a gasar zakarun Turai ta 2022-23. Har ila yau, Blues ta lashe gasar cin kofin League a waccan shekarar, inda ta zama tawagar Ingila ta biyu da ta lashe kofin Turai da kofin gida a kakar wasa guda. Kulob din ya ci gaba da kalubalantar daukaka a cikin shekarun 1970s, inda ya kammala maki daya a bayan zakarun gasar a lokuta biyu kuma ya kai wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin League na 1974. Daya daga cikin wasannin na wannan lokacin da magoya bayan Manchester City ke tunawa da su shi ne wasan karshe na kakar 1973-74 da abokan hamayyarta na Manchester United, wadanda ke bukatar yin nasara don samun wani begen gujewa faduwa. Tsohon dan wasan United Denis Law ya zura kwallo da diddige don bai wa City nasara da ci 1-0 a Old Trafford da kuma tabbatar da faduwa daga abokan hamayyarsu. Kofin karshe na lokacin da ya fi samun nasara a kungiyar a karni na 20 an ci shi ne a shekarar 1976, lokacin da aka doke Newcastle United da ci 2-1 a wasan karshe na cin kofin League. Wani dogon lokaci na biyo bayan nasarar shekarun 1960 da 1970. Malcolm Allison ya koma kulob din ya zama koci karo na biyu a shekarar 1979, amma ya yi almubazzaranci da makudan kudade kan sa hannu da dama da ba su yi nasara ba, irin su Steve Daley. Bayan haka, wasu manajoji sun biyo baya - bakwai a cikin 1980s kadai. Karkashin John Bond, City ta kai wasan karshe na cin kofin FA na 1981 amma ta sha kashi a karawar da Tottenham Hotspur ta yi. Sau biyu kulob din ya yi fice daga matakin farko a cikin shekarun 1980 (a cikin 1983 da 1987), amma kuma ya koma mataki na farko a 1989 kuma ya kare a matsayi na biyar a 1991 da 1992 a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Peter Reid. Koyaya, wannan ɗan hutu ne kawai, kuma bayan tafiyar Reid dukiyar Manchester City ta ci gaba da dusashewa. City ta kasance masu kafa ƙungiyar Premier League bayan ƙirƙirar ta a 1992, amma bayan da ta kare a matsayi na tara a kakar wasan farko, sun yi fama da gwagwarmaya na shekaru uku kafin a sake su a 1996. mafi ƙasƙanci a tarihin su, zama na biyu da suka lashe kofin Turai da aka sake komawa gasar rukuni-rukuni na ƙasarsu bayan 1. FC Magdeburg ta [[Jamus]]. ===Farfadowa ta biyu=== Bayan da aka tashi daga gasar, kulob din ya fuskanci tashe-tashen hankula a waje, tare da sabon shugaban David Bernstein ya gabatar da ingantaccen tsarin kasafin kudi. Karkashin kociyan Joe Royle, City ta sami daukaka a yunkurin farko, wanda aka samu ta hanyar ban mamaki a wasan karshe na rukuni na biyu da Gillingham. Matsayin ci gaba na biyu a jere ya ga City ta koma mataki na gaba, amma wannan ya zama mataki mai nisa ga ƙungiyar da ke murmurewa, kuma a cikin 2001 An sake komawa City sau ɗaya. Kevin Keegan ya maye gurbin Royle a matsayin koci a ƙarshen kakar wasa ta ƙarshe, kuma ya samu koma baya nan da nan zuwa babban rukuni yayin da ƙungiyar ta lashe gasar rukunin farko ta 2001-2002, ta karya tarihin ƙungiyar na yawan maki da aka zura a raga a kakar wasa ɗaya a gasar. tsari. Kakar 2002–03 ita ce ta ƙarshe a Maine Road kuma ta haɗa da 3-1 derby nasara akan abokan hammayarsu Manchester United, wanda ya kawo karshen shekara 13 da aka yi ba tare da nasara ba. Bugu da ƙari, City ta cancanci shiga gasar Turai a karon farko cikin shekaru 25 ta hanyar UEFA fair play ranking. A karshen kakar wasa ta 2003–04, kulob din ya koma sabon City na filin wasa na Manchester. Shekaru hudu na farko a filin wasa duk sun haifar da kammala tsakiyar tebur. Tsohon manajan Ingila Sven-Göran Eriksson ya zama kociyan kungiyar na kasashen waje na farko lokacin da aka nada shi a shekarar 2007. Bayan fara wasa mai kyau, wasan kwaikwayo ya dusashe a rabin na biyu na kakar wasa, kuma an kori Eriksson a ranar 2 ga Yuni 2008; Mark Hughes ya maye gurbinsa bayan kwana biyu. A shekara ta 2008, Manchester City ta kasance cikin mawuyacin hali na rashin kuɗi. Thaksin Shinawatra ya karbi ragamar kulab din a shekarar da ta gabata, amma fafutukar siyasarsa ta ga kadarorinsa sun daskare. Sannan, a cikin Agusta 2008, Ƙungiyar Abu Dhabi United ta sayi Birni. Taken ya biyo bayan yunƙurin neman manyan ‘yan wasa; Kulob din ya karya tarihin sayan 'yan wasa na Biritaniya ta hanyar siyan Robinho dan kasar [[Brazil]] daga Real Madrid kan fan miliyan 32.5. Ba a samu wani gagarumin ci gaba ba idan aka kwatanta da kakar da ta gabata duk da kwararar kudi duk da haka, kungiyar ta kare a mataki na goma, duk da cewa ta yi rawar gani ta kai wasan daf da na kusa da karshe a gasar cin kofin UEFA. A lokacin bazara na 2009, ƙungiyar ta ɗauki kashe kuɗin canja wuri zuwa matakin da ba a taɓa gani ba, tare da kashe sama da fam miliyan 100 akan 'yan wasa Gareth Barry, Roque Santa Cruz, Kolo Touré, Emmanuel Adebayor, Carlos Tevez, da Joleon Lescott. A cikin Disamba 2009, Mark Hughes - wanda aka ɗauke shi aiki jim kaɗan kafin canjin ikon mallakar amma tun asali sabuwar hukumar ta riƙe shi - Roberto Mancini ya maye gurbinsa a matsayin manaja. City ta kammala kakar wasa a matsayi na biyar a gasar Premier, da kyar ta rasa gurbin shiga gasar zakarun Turai amma ta cancanci shiga gasar UEFA Europa League. ===Zaman tauraro na biyu da zuwan Pep Guardiola=== Ci gaba da saka hannun jari a cikin 'yan wasa ya biyo baya a lokuta masu zuwa, kuma sakamakon ya fara daidai da haɓakar ingancin ɗan wasa. City ta kai wasan karshe na cin kofin FA a shekarar 2011, babban wasan karshe na farko cikin sama da shekaru 30, bayan da ta doke abokiyar hamayyarta Manchester United a wasan kusa da na karshe, karo na farko da ta fitar da abokiyar karawarta daga gasar cin kofin tun 1975. Blues ta doke Stoke. City 1–0 a wasan karshe, inda ta samu nasarar cin kofin FA karo na biyar da kuma babban kofi na farko da kungiyar ta lashe tun bayan lashe kofin League na 1976. A ranar karshe ta kakar 2010-2011, City ta doke [[Arsenal F.C.]] a matsayi na uku, ta yadda ta samu cancantar shiga gasar zakarun Turai kai tsaye a group stage. An ci gaba da yin wasanni masu ƙarfi da kuma cimma nasarori a kakar wasa ta 2011–12, gami da nasarar da suka yi da Tottenham da ci 5–1 a White Hart Lane da kuma nasarar da ta yi daidai da 6–1 a kan Manchester United a Old Trafford, amma rashin kyawun tsari a rabin na biyu kakar wasan dai ya bar City a matsayi na biyu da maki takwas tsakaninta da United saura wasanni shida kacal a buga. A wannan lokacin, United ta yi rashin nasara a kan ta, inda ta yi kasa da maki takwas a cikin wasanni hudu, yayin da City ta fara samun nasara a jere, wanda ya sa kungiyoyin biyu suka tashi da maki daya saura wasanni biyu. Duk da Buluwa kawai suna bukatar nasara a gida da Queens Park Rangers, kungiya a yankin relegation, sun fadi a baya da ci 1-2 a karshen lokacin al'ada. Duk da haka, kwallaye biyu da aka zura a lokacin rauni – na biyu da Sergio Agüero ya zura a cikin minti na hudu da aka kara - ya daidaita kambin da City ta samu, wanda hakan ya sanya ta zama kungiya ta farko da ta lashe gasar Premier da maki kadai. A kakar wasa ta gaba, City ta kasa yin kwafin nasarar da ta samu a shekarar da ta gabata. Bayan kammala gasar ta biyu a gasar, maki goma sha daya a bayan Manchester United, da rashin nasara a gasar cin kofin FA 0–1 a hannun Wigan Athletic da ta koma mataki na daya, an kori Mancini. Manajan Chilean Manuel Pellegrini ne ya maye gurbinsa. A shekarar farko ta Pellegrini, City ta lashe kofin League kuma ta sake samun kofin Premier a ranar wasan karshe na kakar wasa. Tsarin gasar kungiyar sannan sannu a hankali ya ragu cikin shekaru biyu masu zuwa, yayin da Blues din ta kare a matsayi na biyu a 2014–15 sannan ta koma ta hudu a cikin 2015–16, kodayake kakar 2015–16 za ta ga City ta lashe wani kofin gasar Gasar Zakarun Turai na kusa da na karshe a karon farko. Pep Guardiola, tsohon kocin Barcelona da Bayern Munich, an tabbatar da zama sabon kocin Manchester City a ranar 1 ga Fabrairun 2016, tare da sanar da sanarwar watanni da yawa kafin Manuel Pellegrini ya bar mukaminsa. Kakar farko ta Guardiola a Manchester za ta kawo karshen gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai, inda Blues ke matsayi na uku a kan teburin gasar, amma kakar wasan da ta biyo baya ta samu nasara sosai, yayin da City ta lashe kofin Premier da maki mafi girma a tarihi tare da karya wasu kungiyoyi da na Ingila da dama. rubuce-rubuce a kan hanya. Wannan zai zama farkon nasarar da Manchester City ta samu a karkashin Guardiola. Tsakanin wasannin 2017-18 da 2022-23 na gasar Premier, City ta lashe kofunan lig biyar cikin shida, inda ta zo ta biyu a bayan Liverpool a kakar wasa ta 2019-20. Guardiola ya kuma jagoranci Blues zuwa gasar cin kofin gida, wanda aka haskaka ta nasarar cin Kofin League guda hudu a jere a 2018-2021. A lokacin kakar 2018-2019, City ta kammala babban gasar cikin gida da ba a taɓa gani ba na taken maza na Ingilishi. Baya ga lashe dukkanin manyan gasa uku na gasar kwallon kafa ta Ingila, sun kuma lashe Garkuwar Jama'a, wanda shi ne karon farko da kowace kungiya ta taba rike dukkan kofunan kwallon kafa hudu na Ingila a lokaci guda. A matakin nahiyar, kulob din ya samu ci gaba a cikin 2020-21, inda ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Zakarun Turai na farko. A cikin duk wani al'amari na Turanci, City ta yi rashin nasara 0-1 a Chelsea a Estádio do Dragão a [[Porto]].<ref>http://www.heraldsun.com.au/sport/football/the-resources-and-power-of-sheikh-mansoor-makes-this-deal-a-seismic-moment-for-the-aleague/story-fni2wcjl-1226808309758</ref> Kakar 2022-23 ta zama mafi girma a tarihin ƙungiyar, yayin da Manchester City ta lashe kofin Premier karo na uku a jere, da gasar cin kofin FA da abokiyar hamayyarta Manchester United, da kuma kofin gasar zakarun Turai na farko a filin wasa na Olympics na Atatürk da ke Istanbul Inter [[Milano|Milan]], ta haka ne ke haɗa wani abu mai wuyar gaske - wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na nahiyar. Hanyar cin kofin zakarun Turai ya hada da nasarar da Bayern Munich ta yi a Turai, wadda ta sha kashi da ci 4-1, da kuma Real Madrid, wadda ta sha kashi a hannun City da ci 1-5.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20070205055003/http://www.plusmarketsgroup.com/details.shtml?ISIN=GB0005599336</ref> Zamanin Manchester City na ci gaba da fafatawa a gasa ya zo daidai da tuhume-tuhume da kuma a lokuta da dama da aka samu na keta dokokin Financial Fair Play (FFP) da dokokin Premier League. A cikin 2014, Manchester City ta kasance batun yarjejeniyar sasantawa da UEFA wanda, a cikin matakai da yawa, an sanya iyaka kan adadin 'yan wasan da za su iya yin rajista a cikin jerin sunayen 'yan wasan na UEFA da kuma adadin da za a iya kashewa. a kan canja wuri da kuɗin fa'idar ma'aikata, an kuma bayar da tarar.<ref>https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/10-things-you-need-know-about-manchester-clubs-humble-beginnings</ref> A cikin 2017, Premier League ta ci tarar Manchester City tare da dakatar da siyan wasu 'yan wasa na makarantar shekaru biyu bayan da aka same su da karya dokokin ci gaban matasa. A shekarar 2020, Kotun sauraron kararrakin wasanni (CAS) ta yanke hukuncin cewa wasu takunkumin da UEFA ta sanyawa kulob din bai dace ba, wanda hakan ya yi watsi da dakatarwar da City ta yi na tsawon shekaru biyu a Turai, amma duk da haka ta gano cewa kulob din ya keta ka'idojin UEFA ta hanyar rashin bayar da hadin kai da kuma kawo cikas ga kungiyar. bincike, kuma saboda wannan "tsanani mai tsanani" ya ci tarar kulob din. A cikin 2023, Premier League ta ba da sanarwar nata binciken zargin da ake yi wa Manchester City, inda take tuhumar kungiyar da keta dokokin FFP har 115 har zuwa kakar wasa ta 2017-18. ===Tarihin gasar=== *1892–1899 Division 2 (L2) *1899–1902 Division 1 (L1) *1902–1903 Division 2 (L2) *1903–1909 Division 1 (L1) *1909–1910 Division 2 (L2) *1910–1926 Division 1 (L1) *1926–1928 Division 2 (L2) *1928–1938 Division 1 (L1) *1938–1947 Division 2 (L2) *1947–1950 Division 1 (L1) *1950–1951 Division 2 (L2) *1951–1963 Division 1 (L1) *1963–1966 Division 2 (L2) *1966–1983 Division 1 (L1) *1983–1985 Division 2 (L2) *1985–1987 Division 1 (L1) *1987–1989 Division 2 (L2) *1989–1992 Division 1 (L1) *1992–1996 Premier League (L1) *1996–1998 Division 1 (L2) *1998–1999 Division 2 (L3) *1999–2000 Division 1 (2) *2000–2001 Premier League (L1) *2001–2002 Division 1 (L2) *2002– Premier League (L1) ==Launuka da kuma Alamun Kulob== Launukan gidan Manchester City shuɗi ne da fari. Launukan kit na gargajiya sun kasance ko dai maroon ko (daga shekarun 1960) ja da baki; duk da haka, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan an yi amfani da launuka da dama. Ba a san asalin launukan gidan kulob din ba, amma akwai alamun cewa kulob din ya sanya shudi tun 1892 ko kuma baya. Wani ɗan littafi mai suna Shahararrun Kungiyoyin Kwallon Kafa - Manchester City wanda aka buga a shekarun 1940 ya nuna cewa West Gorton (St. Marks) tun asali tana wasa da ja da baki, kuma rahotanni daga 1884 sun bayyana ƙungiyar sanye da baƙaƙen riga mai ɗauke da farar giciye, wanda ke nuna asalin ƙungiyar kamar haka. gefen coci. Yin amfani da launin ja da baƙar fata ba safai ba har yanzu ya fito ne daga imanin tsohon mataimakin manajan Malcolm Allison cewa ɗaukar launukan AC Milan zai ƙarfafa City ga ɗaukaka. Alamar Allison da alama yana aiki, tare da City ta lashe gasar cin kofin FA 1969, da 1970 kofin cin Kofin Jikiriku a 1970 yayin da ake adawa da Kungiyar Sky Blue. ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:City, Manchester}} [[Category: Kungiyoyi kwallon kafa]] gsc1o1tyg5z27x5aswb6xbndhh74t5n 878649 878648 2026-07-07T19:19:20Z Abdulmuddalib Iabrahim Salisu 14681 878649 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Manchester United FC - Manchester City FC, 25 October 2015 - 27.JPG|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 16.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 12.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 13.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 24.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 04.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 22.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester City FC trophies displayed at the Renzo Barbera Stadium 03.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester City FC trophies displayed at the Renzo Barbera Stadium 02.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:City of Manchester external view.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester United FC - Manchester City FC, 25 October 2015 - 04.JPG|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 10.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:City of Manchester Stadium Wikivoyage banner.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 27.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Arsenal vs Manchester City (2013).jpg|thumb]] '''Manchester City Football Club''' akan takaita sunan zuwa '''Man City''', ta kasance kulob ɗin ƙwararrun ƴan ƙwallon ƙafa ne dake zaune a garin [[Manchester]], England, UK, suna fafatawa a gasar [[Premier League]], babban gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar England. Manchester City ta fara amfani da kayan sawanta na gida mai launin girgije tun acikin shekarar 1894, kuma shi ne kakar ƙungiyar na farko da ta fara amfani da sunan ta na yanzu. Kulob ɗin ta lashe kofin league guda goma (wanda huɗu daga ciki a jere ta lashe su acikin shekara ta 2020-zuwa cikin shekara ta 2024 wanda hakan yasa ta zama ƙungiya ta farko da ta yi irin haka a tarihi) da lashe Kofin FA bakwai, da EFL takwas, FA Community Shield shida, Gasar UEFA Champions league ɗaya, da kuma European Cup Winners'Cup guda ɗaya. ==Tarihi== An kafa ƙungiyar acikin shekara ta alif ɗari takwas da tamanin 1880, ta shiga cikin gasar English Football League acikin shekara ta 1899,ta lashe babbar gasar na farko da Kofin FA|Kofin [[FIFA|fiFA]] a 1904 FA Cup Final shekara ta 1904. Sun samu nasarori a karshen shekara ta 1960s, inda suka lashe kofin League, fiFA Cup da League Cup a karkashin horarwar Joe Mercer da Malcolm Allison. Bayan rashin nasarar ta shekarar 1981 FA Cup Final, kulob din ta fada cikin rashin tagomashi,da samun Promotion and relegation|relegation har zuwa rukuni na uku a English football league system|English football. [[File:City of Manchester Stadium 2.jpg|thumb|Babban filin wasa na Manchester City ]] [[File:Josep Guardiola 2023-10-04 Fußball, Männer, UEFA Champions League, RB Leipzig - Manchester City FC 1DX 2797 (cropped).jpg|thumb|kocin Manchester City. Pep Guardiola.]] [[File:David Silva shaved Man City 2017 (36471171422) (cropped).jpg|thumb|Captain din Manchester city. David Silva]] Bayan dawowar su cikin gasar Premier League a shekara ta 2000s, An saida kulob din Manchester City acikin shekara ta 2008, wanda Abu Dhabi United Group suka saya a £210&nbsp;million, da samun sa jari da dama. Kulob ta samu nasarar lashe gasa da dama a tsakanin shekarun 2010s, kuma suka zama Kulob ta farko da ta samu kaiwa maki Premier League records and statistics#Points|100 points a kakar gasar [[premier league]]. Kudin shigar kulub din Manchester City shine na biyar a Deloitte Football Money League|fifth highest a duniya a tsakanin shekara ta 2017–har zuwa zuwa cikin shekara ta 2018 na kakar gasa, wanda yakai €527.7&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.deloitte.com/uk/en/pages/sports-business-group/articles/deloitte-football-money-league.html|title=Deloitte Football Money League 2018|date=23 January 2018|accessdate=23 January 2018|publisher=Deloitte}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://uk.businessinsider.com/the-20-most-popular-rich-list-football-teams-on-social-media-2018-8/#10-manchester-city-493-million-followers-11 |title=UK Business Insider |access-date=2019-01-26 |archive-date=2018-11-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181118041429/http://uk.businessinsider.com/the-20-most-popular-rich-list-football-teams-on-social-media-2018-8#10-manchester-city-493-million-followers-11 |url-status=dead }}</ref> acikin shekara ta 2018, kulub din ita ce na Biyar a Forbes' list of the most valuable football clubs|fifth most valuable a duniya da kudin da suka kai $2.47&nbsp;billion.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/mikeozanian/2018/06/12/the-worlds-most-valuable-soccer-teams-2018/#3dddb7c845c8|title=The World's Most Valuable Soccer Teams 2018|last=Ozanian|first=Mike|work=Forbes}}</ref>. [[File:2011 FA Cup Final Victory Parade (4).jpg|thumb|kungiyar Manchester City kenan a lokacin murnar lashe kofin FA acikin shekara ta 2011]] Kulub din nada babban hamayya sosai tsakanin ta da takwarar ta [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] a wasa tsakanin su da ake kira da Manchester Derby. ===Shekarun farko da nasarorin farko=== City ta sami karramawar farko ta hanyar cin nasara a rukuni na biyu acikin shekara ta 1899; tare da samun ci gaba zuwa matsayi mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingilishi, Rukunin Farko. Sun ci gaba da neman babbar karramawarsu ta farko a ranar 23 ga watan Afrilun shekara ta 1904, inda suka doke Bolton Wanderers 1–0 a Crystal Palace don lashe kofin FA; 'Yan wasan Blues sun yi rashin nasara a gasar League da Cup sau biyu a waccan kakar bayan sun kammala gasar zakarun Turai, amma duk da haka sun zama kulob na farko a Manchester da suka samu babbar daraja.Acikin shekarun da suka biyo bayan nasarar cin kofin FA, kulob din ya fuskanci zarge zarge na rashin bin ka'ida, wanda ya kai ga dakatar da 'yan wasa goma sha bakwai acikin shekara ta 1906, ciki har da kyaftin Billy Meredith, wanda daga baya ya wuce garin zuwa Manchester United. Wuta a hanyar Hyde ta lalata babbar tashar acikin shekara ta 1920, kuma a cikin shekara ta 1923 ƙungiyar ta koma sabon filin wasansu da aka gina a Maine Road a cikin Moss Side. A cikin shekarun 1930, Manchester City ta kai wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin FA sau biyu a jere, inda ta yi rashin nasara a hannun Everton acikin shekara ta 1933, kafin ta ci kofin da ta doke Portsmouth acikin shekara ta 1934. A lokacin gudu na cikin shekara ta 1934, kulob din ya karya tarihin zuwa gida mafi girma na kowane kulob a kwallon kafa ta Ingila. tarihi, yayin da magoya bayan 84,569 suka cika titin Maine a gasar cin kofin FA zagaye na shida da Stoke City - tarihin da ya tsaya har zuwa cikin shekara ta 2016. Kungiyar ta lashe gasar rukunin farko a karon farko a cikin shekara ta 1937, amma an sake fitar da ita a kakar wasa ta gaba, duk da zura kwallaye a raga. fiye da kowace kungiya a rukunin. Shekaru 20 bayan haka, wata ƙungiyar Birni ta yi wahayi zuwa ga tsarin dabara da aka sani da Revie Plan ta sake kai wasan karshe a gasar cin kofin FA a jere, acikin shekara shekara ta 1955 da kuma cikin shekara ta 1956; kamar yadda a cikin shekara ta 1930s, suka yi rashin nasara na farko, a Newcastle United, kuma suka ci na biyu. Wasan karshe da tayi acikin shekara ta 1956, wanda Blues ta doke [[Birmingham]] City 3–1, ya ga golan City Bert Trautmann ya ci gaba da taka leda bayan karya wuyansa da rashin sani. ===Zamanin tauraro na farko da kalubalen da suka biyo baya=== Bayan an koma mataki na biyu a cikin 1963, nan gaba ta yi kamar ba ta da kyau tare da ƙarancin halartan gida na 8,015 da Swindon Town a cikin watan Janairun shekara shekara ta 1965. A lokacin bazara na 1965, an nada ƙungiyar gudanarwa ta Joe Mercer da Malcolm Allison . A kakar wasa ta farko a karkashin Mercer, Manchester City ta lashe kambun Division na Biyu kuma ta sanya hannu mai mahimmanci a Mike Summerbee da Colin Bell. Bayan shekaru biyu, a cikin shekara ta 1967–68, City ta yi nasarar lashe kofin gasar a karo na biyu, inda ta doke makwabciyarta Manchester United a gasar a ranar karshe ta kakar wasan da ci 4-3 a Newcastle United. Karin kofuna sun biyo baya: City ta lashe kofin FA a 1969 kuma bayan shekara guda ta yi nasara a gasar cin kofin Turai, inda ta doke Górnik Zabrze 2–1 acikin shekara ta 1970 na wasan karshe. Wannan ita ce karramawar da kulob din ya samu a Turai har zuwa nasarar da suka samu a gasar zakarun Turai ta 2022-23. Har ila yau, Blues ta lashe gasar cin kofin League a waccan shekarar, inda ta zama tawagar Ingila ta biyu da ta lashe kofin Turai da kofin gida a kakar wasa guda. Kulob din ya ci gaba da kalubalantar daukaka a cikin shekarun 1970s, inda ya kammala maki daya a bayan zakarun gasar a lokuta biyu kuma ya kai wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin League na 1974. Daya daga cikin wasannin na wannan lokacin da magoya bayan Manchester City ke tunawa da su shi ne wasan karshe na kakar 1973-74 da abokan hamayyarta na Manchester United, wadanda ke bukatar yin nasara don samun wani begen gujewa faduwa. Tsohon dan wasan United Denis Law ya zura kwallo da diddige don bai wa City nasara da ci 1-0 a Old Trafford da kuma tabbatar da faduwa daga abokan hamayyarsu. Kofin karshe na lokacin da ya fi samun nasara a kungiyar a karni na 20 an ci shi ne a shekarar 1976, lokacin da aka doke Newcastle United da ci 2-1 a wasan karshe na cin kofin League. Wani dogon lokaci na biyo bayan nasarar shekarun 1960 da 1970. Malcolm Allison ya koma kulob din ya zama koci karo na biyu a shekarar 1979, amma ya yi almubazzaranci da makudan kudade kan sa hannu da dama da ba su yi nasara ba, irin su Steve Daley. Bayan haka, wasu manajoji sun biyo baya - bakwai a cikin 1980s kadai. Karkashin John Bond, City ta kai wasan karshe na cin kofin FA na 1981 amma ta sha kashi a karawar da Tottenham Hotspur ta yi. Sau biyu kulob din ya yi fice daga matakin farko a cikin shekarun 1980 (a cikin 1983 da 1987), amma kuma ya koma mataki na farko a 1989 kuma ya kare a matsayi na biyar a 1991 da 1992 a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Peter Reid. Koyaya, wannan ɗan hutu ne kawai, kuma bayan tafiyar Reid dukiyar Manchester City ta ci gaba da dusashewa. City ta kasance masu kafa ƙungiyar Premier League bayan ƙirƙirar ta a 1992, amma bayan da ta kare a matsayi na tara a kakar wasan farko, sun yi fama da gwagwarmaya na shekaru uku kafin a sake su a 1996. mafi ƙasƙanci a tarihin su, zama na biyu da suka lashe kofin Turai da aka sake komawa gasar rukuni-rukuni na ƙasarsu bayan 1. FC Magdeburg ta [[Jamus]]. ===Farfadowa ta biyu=== Bayan da aka tashi daga gasar, kulob din ya fuskanci tashe-tashen hankula a waje, tare da sabon shugaban David Bernstein ya gabatar da ingantaccen tsarin kasafin kudi. Karkashin kociyan Joe Royle, City ta sami daukaka a yunkurin farko, wanda aka samu ta hanyar ban mamaki a wasan karshe na rukuni na biyu da Gillingham. Matsayin ci gaba na biyu a jere ya ga City ta koma mataki na gaba, amma wannan ya zama mataki mai nisa ga ƙungiyar da ke murmurewa, kuma a cikin 2001 An sake komawa City sau ɗaya. Kevin Keegan ya maye gurbin Royle a matsayin koci a ƙarshen kakar wasa ta ƙarshe, kuma ya samu koma baya nan da nan zuwa babban rukuni yayin da ƙungiyar ta lashe gasar rukunin farko ta 2001-2002, ta karya tarihin ƙungiyar na yawan maki da aka zura a raga a kakar wasa ɗaya a gasar. tsari. Kakar 2002–03 ita ce ta ƙarshe a Maine Road kuma ta haɗa da 3-1 derby nasara akan abokan hammayarsu Manchester United, wanda ya kawo karshen shekara 13 da aka yi ba tare da nasara ba. Bugu da ƙari, City ta cancanci shiga gasar Turai a karon farko cikin shekaru 25 ta hanyar UEFA fair play ranking. A karshen kakar wasa ta 2003–04, kulob din ya koma sabon City na filin wasa na Manchester. Shekaru hudu na farko a filin wasa duk sun haifar da kammala tsakiyar tebur. Tsohon manajan Ingila Sven-Göran Eriksson ya zama kociyan kungiyar na kasashen waje na farko lokacin da aka nada shi a shekarar 2007. Bayan fara wasa mai kyau, wasan kwaikwayo ya dusashe a rabin na biyu na kakar wasa, kuma an kori Eriksson a ranar 2 ga Yuni 2008; Mark Hughes ya maye gurbinsa bayan kwana biyu. A shekara ta 2008, Manchester City ta kasance cikin mawuyacin hali na rashin kuɗi. Thaksin Shinawatra ya karbi ragamar kulab din a shekarar da ta gabata, amma fafutukar siyasarsa ta ga kadarorinsa sun daskare. Sannan, a cikin Agusta 2008, Ƙungiyar Abu Dhabi United ta sayi Birni. Taken ya biyo bayan yunƙurin neman manyan ‘yan wasa; Kulob din ya karya tarihin sayan 'yan wasa na Biritaniya ta hanyar siyan Robinho dan kasar [[Brazil]] daga Real Madrid kan fan miliyan 32.5. Ba a samu wani gagarumin ci gaba ba idan aka kwatanta da kakar da ta gabata duk da kwararar kudi duk da haka, kungiyar ta kare a mataki na goma, duk da cewa ta yi rawar gani ta kai wasan daf da na kusa da karshe a gasar cin kofin UEFA. A lokacin bazara na 2009, ƙungiyar ta ɗauki kashe kuɗin canja wuri zuwa matakin da ba a taɓa gani ba, tare da kashe sama da fam miliyan 100 akan 'yan wasa Gareth Barry, Roque Santa Cruz, Kolo Touré, Emmanuel Adebayor, Carlos Tevez, da Joleon Lescott. A cikin Disamba 2009, Mark Hughes - wanda aka ɗauke shi aiki jim kaɗan kafin canjin ikon mallakar amma tun asali sabuwar hukumar ta riƙe shi - Roberto Mancini ya maye gurbinsa a matsayin manaja. City ta kammala kakar wasa a matsayi na biyar a gasar Premier, da kyar ta rasa gurbin shiga gasar zakarun Turai amma ta cancanci shiga gasar UEFA Europa League. ===Zaman tauraro na biyu da zuwan Pep Guardiola=== Ci gaba da saka hannun jari a cikin 'yan wasa ya biyo baya a lokuta masu zuwa, kuma sakamakon ya fara daidai da haɓakar ingancin ɗan wasa. City ta kai wasan karshe na cin kofin FA a shekarar 2011, babban wasan karshe na farko cikin sama da shekaru 30, bayan da ta doke abokiyar hamayyarta Manchester United a wasan kusa da na karshe, karo na farko da ta fitar da abokiyar karawarta daga gasar cin kofin tun 1975. Blues ta doke Stoke. City 1–0 a wasan karshe, inda ta samu nasarar cin kofin FA karo na biyar da kuma babban kofi na farko da kungiyar ta lashe tun bayan lashe kofin League na 1976. A ranar karshe ta kakar 2010-2011, City ta doke [[Arsenal F.C.]] a matsayi na uku, ta yadda ta samu cancantar shiga gasar zakarun Turai kai tsaye a group stage. An ci gaba da yin wasanni masu ƙarfi da kuma cimma nasarori a kakar wasa ta 2011–12, gami da nasarar da suka yi da Tottenham da ci 5–1 a White Hart Lane da kuma nasarar da ta yi daidai da 6–1 a kan Manchester United a Old Trafford, amma rashin kyawun tsari a rabin na biyu kakar wasan dai ya bar City a matsayi na biyu da maki takwas tsakaninta da United saura wasanni shida kacal a buga. A wannan lokacin, United ta yi rashin nasara a kan ta, inda ta yi kasa da maki takwas a cikin wasanni hudu, yayin da City ta fara samun nasara a jere, wanda ya sa kungiyoyin biyu suka tashi da maki daya saura wasanni biyu. Duk da Buluwa kawai suna bukatar nasara a gida da Queens Park Rangers, kungiya a yankin relegation, sun fadi a baya da ci 1-2 a karshen lokacin al'ada. Duk da haka, kwallaye biyu da aka zura a lokacin rauni – na biyu da Sergio Agüero ya zura a cikin minti na hudu da aka kara - ya daidaita kambin da City ta samu, wanda hakan ya sanya ta zama kungiya ta farko da ta lashe gasar Premier da maki kadai. A kakar wasa ta gaba, City ta kasa yin kwafin nasarar da ta samu a shekarar da ta gabata. Bayan kammala gasar ta biyu a gasar, maki goma sha daya a bayan Manchester United, da rashin nasara a gasar cin kofin FA 0–1 a hannun Wigan Athletic da ta koma mataki na daya, an kori Mancini. Manajan Chilean Manuel Pellegrini ne ya maye gurbinsa. A shekarar farko ta Pellegrini, City ta lashe kofin League kuma ta sake samun kofin Premier a ranar wasan karshe na kakar wasa. Tsarin gasar kungiyar sannan sannu a hankali ya ragu cikin shekaru biyu masu zuwa, yayin da Blues din ta kare a matsayi na biyu a 2014–15 sannan ta koma ta hudu a cikin 2015–16, kodayake kakar 2015–16 za ta ga City ta lashe wani kofin gasar Gasar Zakarun Turai na kusa da na karshe a karon farko. Pep Guardiola, tsohon kocin Barcelona da Bayern Munich, an tabbatar da zama sabon kocin Manchester City a ranar 1 ga Fabrairun 2016, tare da sanar da sanarwar watanni da yawa kafin Manuel Pellegrini ya bar mukaminsa. Kakar farko ta Guardiola a Manchester za ta kawo karshen gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai, inda Blues ke matsayi na uku a kan teburin gasar, amma kakar wasan da ta biyo baya ta samu nasara sosai, yayin da City ta lashe kofin Premier da maki mafi girma a tarihi tare da karya wasu kungiyoyi da na Ingila da dama. rubuce-rubuce a kan hanya. Wannan zai zama farkon nasarar da Manchester City ta samu a karkashin Guardiola. Tsakanin wasannin 2017-18 da 2022-23 na gasar Premier, City ta lashe kofunan lig biyar cikin shida, inda ta zo ta biyu a bayan Liverpool a kakar wasa ta 2019-20. Guardiola ya kuma jagoranci Blues zuwa gasar cin kofin gida, wanda aka haskaka ta nasarar cin Kofin League guda hudu a jere a 2018-2021. A lokacin kakar 2018-2019, City ta kammala babban gasar cikin gida da ba a taɓa gani ba na taken maza na Ingilishi. Baya ga lashe dukkanin manyan gasa uku na gasar kwallon kafa ta Ingila, sun kuma lashe Garkuwar Jama'a, wanda shi ne karon farko da kowace kungiya ta taba rike dukkan kofunan kwallon kafa hudu na Ingila a lokaci guda. A matakin nahiyar, kulob din ya samu ci gaba a cikin 2020-21, inda ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Zakarun Turai na farko. A cikin duk wani al'amari na Turanci, City ta yi rashin nasara 0-1 a Chelsea a Estádio do Dragão a [[Porto]].<ref>http://www.heraldsun.com.au/sport/football/the-resources-and-power-of-sheikh-mansoor-makes-this-deal-a-seismic-moment-for-the-aleague/story-fni2wcjl-1226808309758</ref> Kakar 2022-23 ta zama mafi girma a tarihin ƙungiyar, yayin da Manchester City ta lashe kofin Premier karo na uku a jere, da gasar cin kofin FA da abokiyar hamayyarta Manchester United, da kuma kofin gasar zakarun Turai na farko a filin wasa na Olympics na Atatürk da ke Istanbul Inter [[Milano|Milan]], ta haka ne ke haɗa wani abu mai wuyar gaske - wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na nahiyar. Hanyar cin kofin zakarun Turai ya hada da nasarar da Bayern Munich ta yi a Turai, wadda ta sha kashi da ci 4-1, da kuma Real Madrid, wadda ta sha kashi a hannun City da ci 1-5.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20070205055003/http://www.plusmarketsgroup.com/details.shtml?ISIN=GB0005599336</ref> Zamanin Manchester City na ci gaba da fafatawa a gasa ya zo daidai da tuhume-tuhume da kuma a lokuta da dama da aka samu na keta dokokin Financial Fair Play (FFP) da dokokin Premier League. A cikin 2014, Manchester City ta kasance batun yarjejeniyar sasantawa da UEFA wanda, a cikin matakai da yawa, an sanya iyaka kan adadin 'yan wasan da za su iya yin rajista a cikin jerin sunayen 'yan wasan na UEFA da kuma adadin da za a iya kashewa. a kan canja wuri da kuɗin fa'idar ma'aikata, an kuma bayar da tarar.<ref>https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/10-things-you-need-know-about-manchester-clubs-humble-beginnings</ref> A cikin 2017, Premier League ta ci tarar Manchester City tare da dakatar da siyan wasu 'yan wasa na makarantar shekaru biyu bayan da aka same su da karya dokokin ci gaban matasa. A shekarar 2020, Kotun sauraron kararrakin wasanni (CAS) ta yanke hukuncin cewa wasu takunkumin da UEFA ta sanyawa kulob din bai dace ba, wanda hakan ya yi watsi da dakatarwar da City ta yi na tsawon shekaru biyu a Turai, amma duk da haka ta gano cewa kulob din ya keta ka'idojin UEFA ta hanyar rashin bayar da hadin kai da kuma kawo cikas ga kungiyar. bincike, kuma saboda wannan "tsanani mai tsanani" ya ci tarar kulob din. A cikin 2023, Premier League ta ba da sanarwar nata binciken zargin da ake yi wa Manchester City, inda take tuhumar kungiyar da keta dokokin FFP har 115 har zuwa kakar wasa ta 2017-18. ===Tarihin gasar=== *1892–1899 Division 2 (L2) *1899–1902 Division 1 (L1) *1902–1903 Division 2 (L2) *1903–1909 Division 1 (L1) *1909–1910 Division 2 (L2) *1910–1926 Division 1 (L1) *1926–1928 Division 2 (L2) *1928–1938 Division 1 (L1) *1938–1947 Division 2 (L2) *1947–1950 Division 1 (L1) *1950–1951 Division 2 (L2) *1951–1963 Division 1 (L1) *1963–1966 Division 2 (L2) *1966–1983 Division 1 (L1) *1983–1985 Division 2 (L2) *1985–1987 Division 1 (L1) *1987–1989 Division 2 (L2) *1989–1992 Division 1 (L1) *1992–1996 Premier League (L1) *1996–1998 Division 1 (L2) *1998–1999 Division 2 (L3) *1999–2000 Division 1 (2) *2000–2001 Premier League (L1) *2001–2002 Division 1 (L2) *2002– Premier League (L1) ==Launuka da kuma Alamun Kulob== Launukan gidan Manchester City shuɗi ne da fari. Launukan kit na gargajiya sun kasance ko dai maroon ko (daga shekarun 1960) ja da baki; duk da haka, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan an yi amfani da launuka da dama. Ba a san asalin launukan gidan kulob din ba, amma akwai alamun cewa kulob din ya sanya shudi tun 1892 ko kuma baya. Wani ɗan littafi mai suna Shahararrun Kungiyoyin Kwallon Kafa - Manchester City wanda aka buga a shekarun 1940 ya nuna cewa West Gorton (St. Marks) tun asali tana wasa da ja da baki, kuma rahotanni daga 1884 sun bayyana ƙungiyar sanye da baƙaƙen riga mai ɗauke da farar giciye, wanda ke nuna asalin ƙungiyar kamar haka. gefen coci. Yin amfani da launin ja da baƙar fata ba safai ba har yanzu ya fito ne daga imanin tsohon mataimakin manajan Malcolm Allison cewa ɗaukar launukan AC Milan zai ƙarfafa City ga ɗaukaka. Alamar Allison da alama yana aiki, tare da City ta lashe gasar cin kofin FA 1969, da 1970 kofin cin Kofin Jikiriku a 1970 yayin da ake adawa da Kungiyar Sky Blue. ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:City, Manchester}} [[Category: Kungiyoyi kwallon kafa]] e68su8porurgnma7j5bbmntu0c9czb9 878650 878649 2026-07-07T19:20:58Z Abdulmuddalib Iabrahim Salisu 14681 878650 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Manchester United FC - Manchester City FC, 25 October 2015 - 27.JPG|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 16.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 12.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 13.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 24.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 04.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 22.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester City FC trophies displayed at the Renzo Barbera Stadium 03.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester City FC trophies displayed at the Renzo Barbera Stadium 02.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:City of Manchester external view.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester United FC - Manchester City FC, 25 October 2015 - 04.JPG|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 10.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:City of Manchester Stadium Wikivoyage banner.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 27.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Arsenal vs Manchester City (2013).jpg|thumb]] '''Manchester City Football Club''' akan takaita sunan zuwa '''Man City''', ta kasance kulob ɗin ƙwararrun ƴan ƙwallon ƙafa ne dake zaune a garin [[Manchester]], England, UK, suna fafatawa a gasar [[Premier League]], babban gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar England. Manchester City ta fara amfani da kayan sawanta na gida mai launin girgije tun acikin shekarar 1894, kuma shi ne kakar ƙungiyar na farko da ta fara amfani da sunan ta na yanzu. Kulob ɗin ta lashe kofin league guda goma (wanda huɗu daga ciki a jere ta lashe su acikin shekara ta 2020-zuwa cikin shekara ta 2024 wanda hakan yasa ta zama ƙungiya ta farko da ta yi irin haka a tarihi) da lashe Kofin FA bakwai, da EFL takwas, FA Community Shield shida, Gasar UEFA Champions league ɗaya, da kuma European Cup Winners'Cup guda ɗaya. ==Tarihi== An kafa ƙungiyar acikin shekara ta alif ɗari takwas da tamanin 1880, ta shiga cikin gasar English Football League acikin shekara ta 1899,ta lashe babbar gasar na farko da Kofin FA|Kofin [[FIFA|fiFA]] a 1904 FA Cup Final shekara ta 1904. Sun samu nasarori a karshen shekara ta 1960s, inda suka lashe kofin League, fiFA Cup da League Cup a karkashin horarwar Joe Mercer da Malcolm Allison. Bayan rashin nasarar ta shekarar 1981 FA Cup Final, kulob din ta fada cikin rashin tagomashi,da samun Promotion and relegation|relegation har zuwa rukuni na uku a English football league system|English football. [[File:City of Manchester Stadium 2.jpg|thumb|Babban filin wasa na Manchester City ]] [[File:Josep Guardiola 2023-10-04 Fußball, Männer, UEFA Champions League, RB Leipzig - Manchester City FC 1DX 2797 (cropped).jpg|thumb|kocin Manchester City. Pep Guardiola.]] [[File:David Silva shaved Man City 2017 (36471171422) (cropped).jpg|thumb|Captain din Manchester city. David Silva]] Bayan dawowar su cikin gasar Premier League a shekara ta 2000s, An saida kulob din Manchester City acikin shekara ta 2008, wanda Abu Dhabi United Group suka saya a £210&nbsp;million, da samun sa jari da dama. Kulob ta samu nasarar lashe gasa da dama a tsakanin shekarun 2010s, kuma suka zama Kulob ta farko da ta samu kaiwa maki Premier League records and statistics#Points|100 points a kakar gasar [[premier league]]. Kudin shigar kulub din Manchester City shine na biyar a Deloitte Football Money League|fifth highest a duniya a tsakanin shekara ta 2017–har zuwa zuwa cikin shekara ta 2018 na kakar gasa, wanda yakai €527.7&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.deloitte.com/uk/en/pages/sports-business-group/articles/deloitte-football-money-league.html|title=Deloitte Football Money League 2018|date=23 January 2018|accessdate=23 January 2018|publisher=Deloitte}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://uk.businessinsider.com/the-20-most-popular-rich-list-football-teams-on-social-media-2018-8/#10-manchester-city-493-million-followers-11 |title=UK Business Insider |access-date=2019-01-26 |archive-date=2018-11-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181118041429/http://uk.businessinsider.com/the-20-most-popular-rich-list-football-teams-on-social-media-2018-8#10-manchester-city-493-million-followers-11 |url-status=dead }}</ref> acikin shekara ta 2018, kulub din ita ce na Biyar a Forbes' list of the most valuable football clubs|fifth most valuable a duniya da kudin da suka kai $2.47&nbsp;billion.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/mikeozanian/2018/06/12/the-worlds-most-valuable-soccer-teams-2018/#3dddb7c845c8|title=The World's Most Valuable Soccer Teams 2018|last=Ozanian|first=Mike|work=Forbes}}</ref>. [[File:2011 FA Cup Final Victory Parade (4).jpg|thumb|kungiyar Manchester City kenan a lokacin murnar lashe kofin FA acikin shekara ta 2011]] Kulub din nada babban hamayya sosai tsakanin ta da takwarar ta [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] a wasa tsakanin su da ake kira da Manchester Derby. ===Shekarun farko da nasarorin farko=== City ta sami karramawar farko ta hanyar cin nasara a rukuni na biyu acikin shekara ta 1899; tare da samun ci gaba zuwa matsayi mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingilishi, Rukunin Farko. Sun ci gaba da neman babbar karramawarsu ta farko a ranar 23 ga watan Afrilun shekara ta 1904, inda suka doke Bolton Wanderers 1–0 a Crystal Palace don lashe kofin FA; 'Yan wasan Blues sun yi rashin nasara a gasar League da Cup sau biyu a waccan kakar bayan sun kammala gasar zakarun Turai, amma duk da haka sun zama kulob na farko a Manchester da suka samu babbar daraja.Acikin shekarun da suka biyo bayan nasarar cin kofin FA, kulob din ya fuskanci zarge zarge na rashin bin ka'ida, wanda ya kai ga dakatar da 'yan wasa goma sha bakwai acikin shekara ta 1906, ciki har da kyaftin Billy Meredith, wanda daga baya ya wuce garin zuwa Manchester United. Wuta a hanyar Hyde ta lalata babbar tashar acikin shekara ta 1920, kuma a cikin shekara ta 1923 ƙungiyar ta koma sabon filin wasansu da aka gina a Maine Road a cikin Moss Side. A cikin shekarun 1930, Manchester City ta kai wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin FA sau biyu a jere, inda ta yi rashin nasara a hannun Everton acikin shekara ta 1933, kafin ta ci kofin da ta doke Portsmouth acikin shekara ta 1934. A lokacin gudu na cikin shekara ta 1934, kulob din ya karya tarihin zuwa gida mafi girma na kowane kulob a kwallon kafa ta Ingila. tarihi, yayin da magoya bayan 84,569 suka cika titin Maine a gasar cin kofin FA zagaye na shida da Stoke City - tarihin da ya tsaya har zuwa cikin shekara ta 2016. Kungiyar ta lashe gasar rukunin farko a karon farko a cikin shekara ta 1937, amma an sake fitar da ita a kakar wasa ta gaba, duk da zura kwallaye a raga. fiye da kowace kungiya a rukunin. Shekaru 20 bayan haka, wata ƙungiyar Birni ta yi wahayi zuwa ga tsarin dabara da aka sani da Revie Plan ta sake kai wasan karshe a gasar cin kofin FA a jere, acikin shekara shekara ta 1955 da kuma cikin shekara ta 1956; kamar yadda a cikin shekara ta 1930s, suka yi rashin nasara na farko, a Newcastle United, kuma suka ci na biyu. Wasan karshe da tayi acikin shekara ta 1956, wanda Blues ta doke [[Birmingham]] City 3–1, ya ga golan City Bert Trautmann ya ci gaba da taka leda bayan karya wuyansa da rashin sani. ===Zamanin tauraro na farko da kalubalen da suka biyo baya=== Bayan an koma mataki na biyu a cikin 1963, nan gaba ta yi kamar ba ta da kyau tare da ƙarancin halartan gida na 8,015 da Swindon Town a cikin watan Janairun shekara shekara ta 1965. A lokacin bazara na 1965, an nada ƙungiyar gudanarwa ta Joe Mercer da Malcolm Allison . A kakar wasa ta farko a karkashin Mercer, Manchester City ta lashe kambun Division na Biyu kuma ta sanya hannu mai mahimmanci a Mike Summerbee da Colin Bell. Bayan shekaru biyu, a cikin shekara ta 1967–zuwa cikin shekara ta 1968, City ta yi nasarar lashe kofin gasar a karo na biyu, inda ta doke makwabciyarta Manchester United a gasar a ranar karshe ta kakar wasan da ci 4-3 a Newcastle United. Karin kofuna sun biyo baya: City ta lashe kofin FA a 1969 kuma bayan shekara guda ta yi nasara a gasar cin kofin Turai, inda ta doke Górnik Zabrze 2–1 acikin shekara ta 1970 na wasan karshe. Wannan ita ce karramawar da kulob din ya samu a Turai har zuwa nasarar da suka samu a gasar zakarun Turai ta 2022-23. Har ila yau, Blues ta lashe gasar cin kofin League a waccan shekarar, inda ta zama tawagar Ingila ta biyu da ta lashe kofin Turai da kofin gida a kakar wasa guda. Kulob din ya ci gaba da kalubalantar daukaka a cikin shekarun 1970s, inda ya kammala maki daya a bayan zakarun gasar a lokuta biyu kuma ya kai wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin League na 1974. Daya daga cikin wasannin na wannan lokacin da magoya bayan Manchester City ke tunawa da su shi ne wasan karshe na kakar 1973-74 da abokan hamayyarta na Manchester United, wadanda ke bukatar yin nasara don samun wani begen gujewa faduwa. Tsohon dan wasan United Denis Law ya zura kwallo da diddige don bai wa City nasara da ci 1-0 a Old Trafford da kuma tabbatar da faduwa daga abokan hamayyarsu. Kofin karshe na lokacin da ya fi samun nasara a kungiyar a karni na 20 an ci shi ne a shekarar 1976, lokacin da aka doke Newcastle United da ci 2-1 a wasan karshe na cin kofin League. Wani dogon lokaci na biyo bayan nasarar shekarun 1960 da 1970. Malcolm Allison ya koma kulob din ya zama koci karo na biyu a shekarar 1979, amma ya yi almubazzaranci da makudan kudade kan sa hannu da dama da ba su yi nasara ba, irin su Steve Daley. Bayan haka, wasu manajoji sun biyo baya - bakwai a cikin 1980s kadai. Karkashin John Bond, City ta kai wasan karshe na cin kofin FA na 1981 amma ta sha kashi a karawar da Tottenham Hotspur ta yi. Sau biyu kulob din ya yi fice daga matakin farko a cikin shekarun 1980 (a cikin 1983 da 1987), amma kuma ya koma mataki na farko a 1989 kuma ya kare a matsayi na biyar a 1991 da 1992 a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Peter Reid. Koyaya, wannan ɗan hutu ne kawai, kuma bayan tafiyar Reid dukiyar Manchester City ta ci gaba da dusashewa. City ta kasance masu kafa ƙungiyar Premier League bayan ƙirƙirar ta a 1992, amma bayan da ta kare a matsayi na tara a kakar wasan farko, sun yi fama da gwagwarmaya na shekaru uku kafin a sake su a 1996. mafi ƙasƙanci a tarihin su, zama na biyu da suka lashe kofin Turai da aka sake komawa gasar rukuni-rukuni na ƙasarsu bayan 1. FC Magdeburg ta [[Jamus]]. ===Farfadowa ta biyu=== Bayan da aka tashi daga gasar, kulob din ya fuskanci tashe-tashen hankula a waje, tare da sabon shugaban David Bernstein ya gabatar da ingantaccen tsarin kasafin kudi. Karkashin kociyan Joe Royle, City ta sami daukaka a yunkurin farko, wanda aka samu ta hanyar ban mamaki a wasan karshe na rukuni na biyu da Gillingham. Matsayin ci gaba na biyu a jere ya ga City ta koma mataki na gaba, amma wannan ya zama mataki mai nisa ga ƙungiyar da ke murmurewa, kuma a cikin 2001 An sake komawa City sau ɗaya. Kevin Keegan ya maye gurbin Royle a matsayin koci a ƙarshen kakar wasa ta ƙarshe, kuma ya samu koma baya nan da nan zuwa babban rukuni yayin da ƙungiyar ta lashe gasar rukunin farko ta 2001-2002, ta karya tarihin ƙungiyar na yawan maki da aka zura a raga a kakar wasa ɗaya a gasar. tsari. Kakar 2002–03 ita ce ta ƙarshe a Maine Road kuma ta haɗa da 3-1 derby nasara akan abokan hammayarsu Manchester United, wanda ya kawo karshen shekara 13 da aka yi ba tare da nasara ba. Bugu da ƙari, City ta cancanci shiga gasar Turai a karon farko cikin shekaru 25 ta hanyar UEFA fair play ranking. A karshen kakar wasa ta 2003–04, kulob din ya koma sabon City na filin wasa na Manchester. Shekaru hudu na farko a filin wasa duk sun haifar da kammala tsakiyar tebur. Tsohon manajan Ingila Sven-Göran Eriksson ya zama kociyan kungiyar na kasashen waje na farko lokacin da aka nada shi a shekarar 2007. Bayan fara wasa mai kyau, wasan kwaikwayo ya dusashe a rabin na biyu na kakar wasa, kuma an kori Eriksson a ranar 2 ga Yuni 2008; Mark Hughes ya maye gurbinsa bayan kwana biyu. A shekara ta 2008, Manchester City ta kasance cikin mawuyacin hali na rashin kuɗi. Thaksin Shinawatra ya karbi ragamar kulab din a shekarar da ta gabata, amma fafutukar siyasarsa ta ga kadarorinsa sun daskare. Sannan, a cikin Agusta 2008, Ƙungiyar Abu Dhabi United ta sayi Birni. Taken ya biyo bayan yunƙurin neman manyan ‘yan wasa; Kulob din ya karya tarihin sayan 'yan wasa na Biritaniya ta hanyar siyan Robinho dan kasar [[Brazil]] daga Real Madrid kan fan miliyan 32.5. Ba a samu wani gagarumin ci gaba ba idan aka kwatanta da kakar da ta gabata duk da kwararar kudi duk da haka, kungiyar ta kare a mataki na goma, duk da cewa ta yi rawar gani ta kai wasan daf da na kusa da karshe a gasar cin kofin UEFA. A lokacin bazara na 2009, ƙungiyar ta ɗauki kashe kuɗin canja wuri zuwa matakin da ba a taɓa gani ba, tare da kashe sama da fam miliyan 100 akan 'yan wasa Gareth Barry, Roque Santa Cruz, Kolo Touré, Emmanuel Adebayor, Carlos Tevez, da Joleon Lescott. A cikin Disamba 2009, Mark Hughes - wanda aka ɗauke shi aiki jim kaɗan kafin canjin ikon mallakar amma tun asali sabuwar hukumar ta riƙe shi - Roberto Mancini ya maye gurbinsa a matsayin manaja. City ta kammala kakar wasa a matsayi na biyar a gasar Premier, da kyar ta rasa gurbin shiga gasar zakarun Turai amma ta cancanci shiga gasar UEFA Europa League. ===Zaman tauraro na biyu da zuwan Pep Guardiola=== Ci gaba da saka hannun jari a cikin 'yan wasa ya biyo baya a lokuta masu zuwa, kuma sakamakon ya fara daidai da haɓakar ingancin ɗan wasa. City ta kai wasan karshe na cin kofin FA a shekarar 2011, babban wasan karshe na farko cikin sama da shekaru 30, bayan da ta doke abokiyar hamayyarta Manchester United a wasan kusa da na karshe, karo na farko da ta fitar da abokiyar karawarta daga gasar cin kofin tun 1975. Blues ta doke Stoke. City 1–0 a wasan karshe, inda ta samu nasarar cin kofin FA karo na biyar da kuma babban kofi na farko da kungiyar ta lashe tun bayan lashe kofin League na 1976. A ranar karshe ta kakar 2010-2011, City ta doke [[Arsenal F.C.]] a matsayi na uku, ta yadda ta samu cancantar shiga gasar zakarun Turai kai tsaye a group stage. An ci gaba da yin wasanni masu ƙarfi da kuma cimma nasarori a kakar wasa ta 2011–12, gami da nasarar da suka yi da Tottenham da ci 5–1 a White Hart Lane da kuma nasarar da ta yi daidai da 6–1 a kan Manchester United a Old Trafford, amma rashin kyawun tsari a rabin na biyu kakar wasan dai ya bar City a matsayi na biyu da maki takwas tsakaninta da United saura wasanni shida kacal a buga. A wannan lokacin, United ta yi rashin nasara a kan ta, inda ta yi kasa da maki takwas a cikin wasanni hudu, yayin da City ta fara samun nasara a jere, wanda ya sa kungiyoyin biyu suka tashi da maki daya saura wasanni biyu. Duk da Buluwa kawai suna bukatar nasara a gida da Queens Park Rangers, kungiya a yankin relegation, sun fadi a baya da ci 1-2 a karshen lokacin al'ada. Duk da haka, kwallaye biyu da aka zura a lokacin rauni – na biyu da Sergio Agüero ya zura a cikin minti na hudu da aka kara - ya daidaita kambin da City ta samu, wanda hakan ya sanya ta zama kungiya ta farko da ta lashe gasar Premier da maki kadai. A kakar wasa ta gaba, City ta kasa yin kwafin nasarar da ta samu a shekarar da ta gabata. Bayan kammala gasar ta biyu a gasar, maki goma sha daya a bayan Manchester United, da rashin nasara a gasar cin kofin FA 0–1 a hannun Wigan Athletic da ta koma mataki na daya, an kori Mancini. Manajan Chilean Manuel Pellegrini ne ya maye gurbinsa. A shekarar farko ta Pellegrini, City ta lashe kofin League kuma ta sake samun kofin Premier a ranar wasan karshe na kakar wasa. Tsarin gasar kungiyar sannan sannu a hankali ya ragu cikin shekaru biyu masu zuwa, yayin da Blues din ta kare a matsayi na biyu a 2014–15 sannan ta koma ta hudu a cikin 2015–16, kodayake kakar 2015–16 za ta ga City ta lashe wani kofin gasar Gasar Zakarun Turai na kusa da na karshe a karon farko. Pep Guardiola, tsohon kocin Barcelona da Bayern Munich, an tabbatar da zama sabon kocin Manchester City a ranar 1 ga Fabrairun 2016, tare da sanar da sanarwar watanni da yawa kafin Manuel Pellegrini ya bar mukaminsa. Kakar farko ta Guardiola a Manchester za ta kawo karshen gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai, inda Blues ke matsayi na uku a kan teburin gasar, amma kakar wasan da ta biyo baya ta samu nasara sosai, yayin da City ta lashe kofin Premier da maki mafi girma a tarihi tare da karya wasu kungiyoyi da na Ingila da dama. rubuce-rubuce a kan hanya. Wannan zai zama farkon nasarar da Manchester City ta samu a karkashin Guardiola. Tsakanin wasannin 2017-18 da 2022-23 na gasar Premier, City ta lashe kofunan lig biyar cikin shida, inda ta zo ta biyu a bayan Liverpool a kakar wasa ta 2019-20. Guardiola ya kuma jagoranci Blues zuwa gasar cin kofin gida, wanda aka haskaka ta nasarar cin Kofin League guda hudu a jere a 2018-2021. A lokacin kakar 2018-2019, City ta kammala babban gasar cikin gida da ba a taɓa gani ba na taken maza na Ingilishi. Baya ga lashe dukkanin manyan gasa uku na gasar kwallon kafa ta Ingila, sun kuma lashe Garkuwar Jama'a, wanda shi ne karon farko da kowace kungiya ta taba rike dukkan kofunan kwallon kafa hudu na Ingila a lokaci guda. A matakin nahiyar, kulob din ya samu ci gaba a cikin 2020-21, inda ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Zakarun Turai na farko. A cikin duk wani al'amari na Turanci, City ta yi rashin nasara 0-1 a Chelsea a Estádio do Dragão a [[Porto]].<ref>http://www.heraldsun.com.au/sport/football/the-resources-and-power-of-sheikh-mansoor-makes-this-deal-a-seismic-moment-for-the-aleague/story-fni2wcjl-1226808309758</ref> Kakar 2022-23 ta zama mafi girma a tarihin ƙungiyar, yayin da Manchester City ta lashe kofin Premier karo na uku a jere, da gasar cin kofin FA da abokiyar hamayyarta Manchester United, da kuma kofin gasar zakarun Turai na farko a filin wasa na Olympics na Atatürk da ke Istanbul Inter [[Milano|Milan]], ta haka ne ke haɗa wani abu mai wuyar gaske - wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na nahiyar. Hanyar cin kofin zakarun Turai ya hada da nasarar da Bayern Munich ta yi a Turai, wadda ta sha kashi da ci 4-1, da kuma Real Madrid, wadda ta sha kashi a hannun City da ci 1-5.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20070205055003/http://www.plusmarketsgroup.com/details.shtml?ISIN=GB0005599336</ref> Zamanin Manchester City na ci gaba da fafatawa a gasa ya zo daidai da tuhume-tuhume da kuma a lokuta da dama da aka samu na keta dokokin Financial Fair Play (FFP) da dokokin Premier League. A cikin 2014, Manchester City ta kasance batun yarjejeniyar sasantawa da UEFA wanda, a cikin matakai da yawa, an sanya iyaka kan adadin 'yan wasan da za su iya yin rajista a cikin jerin sunayen 'yan wasan na UEFA da kuma adadin da za a iya kashewa. a kan canja wuri da kuɗin fa'idar ma'aikata, an kuma bayar da tarar.<ref>https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/10-things-you-need-know-about-manchester-clubs-humble-beginnings</ref> A cikin 2017, Premier League ta ci tarar Manchester City tare da dakatar da siyan wasu 'yan wasa na makarantar shekaru biyu bayan da aka same su da karya dokokin ci gaban matasa. A shekarar 2020, Kotun sauraron kararrakin wasanni (CAS) ta yanke hukuncin cewa wasu takunkumin da UEFA ta sanyawa kulob din bai dace ba, wanda hakan ya yi watsi da dakatarwar da City ta yi na tsawon shekaru biyu a Turai, amma duk da haka ta gano cewa kulob din ya keta ka'idojin UEFA ta hanyar rashin bayar da hadin kai da kuma kawo cikas ga kungiyar. bincike, kuma saboda wannan "tsanani mai tsanani" ya ci tarar kulob din. A cikin 2023, Premier League ta ba da sanarwar nata binciken zargin da ake yi wa Manchester City, inda take tuhumar kungiyar da keta dokokin FFP har 115 har zuwa kakar wasa ta 2017-18. ===Tarihin gasar=== *1892–1899 Division 2 (L2) *1899–1902 Division 1 (L1) *1902–1903 Division 2 (L2) *1903–1909 Division 1 (L1) *1909–1910 Division 2 (L2) *1910–1926 Division 1 (L1) *1926–1928 Division 2 (L2) *1928–1938 Division 1 (L1) *1938–1947 Division 2 (L2) *1947–1950 Division 1 (L1) *1950–1951 Division 2 (L2) *1951–1963 Division 1 (L1) *1963–1966 Division 2 (L2) *1966–1983 Division 1 (L1) *1983–1985 Division 2 (L2) *1985–1987 Division 1 (L1) *1987–1989 Division 2 (L2) *1989–1992 Division 1 (L1) *1992–1996 Premier League (L1) *1996–1998 Division 1 (L2) *1998–1999 Division 2 (L3) *1999–2000 Division 1 (2) *2000–2001 Premier League (L1) *2001–2002 Division 1 (L2) *2002– Premier League (L1) ==Launuka da kuma Alamun Kulob== Launukan gidan Manchester City shuɗi ne da fari. Launukan kit na gargajiya sun kasance ko dai maroon ko (daga shekarun 1960) ja da baki; duk da haka, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan an yi amfani da launuka da dama. Ba a san asalin launukan gidan kulob din ba, amma akwai alamun cewa kulob din ya sanya shudi tun 1892 ko kuma baya. Wani ɗan littafi mai suna Shahararrun Kungiyoyin Kwallon Kafa - Manchester City wanda aka buga a shekarun 1940 ya nuna cewa West Gorton (St. Marks) tun asali tana wasa da ja da baki, kuma rahotanni daga 1884 sun bayyana ƙungiyar sanye da baƙaƙen riga mai ɗauke da farar giciye, wanda ke nuna asalin ƙungiyar kamar haka. gefen coci. Yin amfani da launin ja da baƙar fata ba safai ba har yanzu ya fito ne daga imanin tsohon mataimakin manajan Malcolm Allison cewa ɗaukar launukan AC Milan zai ƙarfafa City ga ɗaukaka. Alamar Allison da alama yana aiki, tare da City ta lashe gasar cin kofin FA 1969, da 1970 kofin cin Kofin Jikiriku a 1970 yayin da ake adawa da Kungiyar Sky Blue. ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:City, Manchester}} [[Category: Kungiyoyi kwallon kafa]] es2p7544h6l15xsm7yn840wcj7twmy1 878651 878650 2026-07-07T19:22:12Z Abdulmuddalib Iabrahim Salisu 14681 878651 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Manchester United FC - Manchester City FC, 25 October 2015 - 27.JPG|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 16.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 12.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 13.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 24.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 04.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 22.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester City FC trophies displayed at the Renzo Barbera Stadium 03.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester City FC trophies displayed at the Renzo Barbera Stadium 02.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:City of Manchester external view.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester United FC - Manchester City FC, 25 October 2015 - 04.JPG|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 10.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:City of Manchester Stadium Wikivoyage banner.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 27.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Arsenal vs Manchester City (2013).jpg|thumb]] '''Manchester City Football Club''' akan takaita sunan zuwa '''Man City''', ta kasance kulob ɗin ƙwararrun ƴan ƙwallon ƙafa ne dake zaune a garin [[Manchester]], England, UK, suna fafatawa a gasar [[Premier League]], babban gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar England. Manchester City ta fara amfani da kayan sawanta na gida mai launin girgije tun acikin shekarar 1894, kuma shi ne kakar ƙungiyar na farko da ta fara amfani da sunan ta na yanzu. Kulob ɗin ta lashe kofin league guda goma (wanda huɗu daga ciki a jere ta lashe su acikin shekara ta 2020-zuwa cikin shekara ta 2024 wanda hakan yasa ta zama ƙungiya ta farko da ta yi irin haka a tarihi) da lashe Kofin FA bakwai, da EFL takwas, FA Community Shield shida, Gasar UEFA Champions league ɗaya, da kuma European Cup Winners'Cup guda ɗaya. ==Tarihi== An kafa ƙungiyar acikin shekara ta alif ɗari takwas da tamanin 1880, ta shiga cikin gasar English Football League acikin shekara ta 1899,ta lashe babbar gasar na farko da Kofin FA|Kofin [[FIFA|fiFA]] a 1904 FA Cup Final shekara ta 1904. Sun samu nasarori a karshen shekara ta 1960s, inda suka lashe kofin League, fiFA Cup da League Cup a karkashin horarwar Joe Mercer da Malcolm Allison. Bayan rashin nasarar ta shekarar 1981 FA Cup Final, kulob din ta fada cikin rashin tagomashi,da samun Promotion and relegation|relegation har zuwa rukuni na uku a English football league system|English football. [[File:City of Manchester Stadium 2.jpg|thumb|Babban filin wasa na Manchester City ]] [[File:Josep Guardiola 2023-10-04 Fußball, Männer, UEFA Champions League, RB Leipzig - Manchester City FC 1DX 2797 (cropped).jpg|thumb|kocin Manchester City. Pep Guardiola.]] [[File:David Silva shaved Man City 2017 (36471171422) (cropped).jpg|thumb|Captain din Manchester city. David Silva]] Bayan dawowar su cikin gasar Premier League a shekara ta 2000s, An saida kulob din Manchester City acikin shekara ta 2008, wanda Abu Dhabi United Group suka saya a £210&nbsp;million, da samun sa jari da dama. Kulob ta samu nasarar lashe gasa da dama a tsakanin shekarun 2010s, kuma suka zama Kulob ta farko da ta samu kaiwa maki Premier League records and statistics#Points|100 points a kakar gasar [[premier league]]. Kudin shigar kulub din Manchester City shine na biyar a Deloitte Football Money League|fifth highest a duniya a tsakanin shekara ta 2017–har zuwa zuwa cikin shekara ta 2018 na kakar gasa, wanda yakai €527.7&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.deloitte.com/uk/en/pages/sports-business-group/articles/deloitte-football-money-league.html|title=Deloitte Football Money League 2018|date=23 January 2018|accessdate=23 January 2018|publisher=Deloitte}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://uk.businessinsider.com/the-20-most-popular-rich-list-football-teams-on-social-media-2018-8/#10-manchester-city-493-million-followers-11 |title=UK Business Insider |access-date=2019-01-26 |archive-date=2018-11-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181118041429/http://uk.businessinsider.com/the-20-most-popular-rich-list-football-teams-on-social-media-2018-8#10-manchester-city-493-million-followers-11 |url-status=dead }}</ref> acikin shekara ta 2018, kulub din ita ce na Biyar a Forbes' list of the most valuable football clubs|fifth most valuable a duniya da kudin da suka kai $2.47&nbsp;billion.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/mikeozanian/2018/06/12/the-worlds-most-valuable-soccer-teams-2018/#3dddb7c845c8|title=The World's Most Valuable Soccer Teams 2018|last=Ozanian|first=Mike|work=Forbes}}</ref>. [[File:2011 FA Cup Final Victory Parade (4).jpg|thumb|kungiyar Manchester City kenan a lokacin murnar lashe kofin FA acikin shekara ta 2011]] Kulub din nada babban hamayya sosai tsakanin ta da takwarar ta [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] a wasa tsakanin su da ake kira da Manchester Derby. ===Shekarun farko da nasarorin farko=== City ta sami karramawar farko ta hanyar cin nasara a rukuni na biyu acikin shekara ta 1899; tare da samun ci gaba zuwa matsayi mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingilishi, Rukunin Farko. Sun ci gaba da neman babbar karramawarsu ta farko a ranar 23 ga watan Afrilun shekara ta 1904, inda suka doke Bolton Wanderers 1–0 a Crystal Palace don lashe kofin FA; 'Yan wasan Blues sun yi rashin nasara a gasar League da Cup sau biyu a waccan kakar bayan sun kammala gasar zakarun Turai, amma duk da haka sun zama kulob na farko a Manchester da suka samu babbar daraja.Acikin shekarun da suka biyo bayan nasarar cin kofin FA, kulob din ya fuskanci zarge zarge na rashin bin ka'ida, wanda ya kai ga dakatar da 'yan wasa goma sha bakwai acikin shekara ta 1906, ciki har da kyaftin Billy Meredith, wanda daga baya ya wuce garin zuwa Manchester United. Wuta a hanyar Hyde ta lalata babbar tashar acikin shekara ta 1920, kuma a cikin shekara ta 1923 ƙungiyar ta koma sabon filin wasansu da aka gina a Maine Road a cikin Moss Side. A cikin shekarun 1930, Manchester City ta kai wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin FA sau biyu a jere, inda ta yi rashin nasara a hannun Everton acikin shekara ta 1933, kafin ta ci kofin da ta doke Portsmouth acikin shekara ta 1934. A lokacin gudu na cikin shekara ta 1934, kulob din ya karya tarihin zuwa gida mafi girma na kowane kulob a kwallon kafa ta Ingila. tarihi, yayin da magoya bayan 84,569 suka cika titin Maine a gasar cin kofin FA zagaye na shida da Stoke City - tarihin da ya tsaya har zuwa cikin shekara ta 2016. Kungiyar ta lashe gasar rukunin farko a karon farko a cikin shekara ta 1937, amma an sake fitar da ita a kakar wasa ta gaba, duk da zura kwallaye a raga. fiye da kowace kungiya a rukunin. Shekaru 20 bayan haka, wata ƙungiyar Birni ta yi wahayi zuwa ga tsarin dabara da aka sani da Revie Plan ta sake kai wasan karshe a gasar cin kofin FA a jere, acikin shekara shekara ta 1955 da kuma cikin shekara ta 1956; kamar yadda a cikin shekara ta 1930s, suka yi rashin nasara na farko, a Newcastle United, kuma suka ci na biyu. Wasan karshe da tayi acikin shekara ta 1956, wanda Blues ta doke [[Birmingham]] City 3–1, ya ga golan City Bert Trautmann ya ci gaba da taka leda bayan karya wuyansa da rashin sani. ===Zamanin tauraro na farko da kalubalen da suka biyo baya=== Bayan an koma mataki na biyu a cikin 1963, nan gaba ta yi kamar ba ta da kyau tare da ƙarancin halartan gida na 8,015 da Swindon Town a cikin watan Janairun shekara shekara ta 1965. A lokacin bazara na 1965, an nada ƙungiyar gudanarwa ta Joe Mercer da Malcolm Allison . Acikin kakar wasa ta farko a karkashin Mercer, Manchester City ta lashe kambun Division na Biyu kuma ta sanya hannu mai mahimmanci a Mike Summerbee da Colin Bell. Bayan shekaru biyu, a cikin shekara ta 1967–zuwa cikin shekara ta 1968, City ta yi nasarar lashe kofin gasar a karo na biyu, inda ta doke makwabciyarta Manchester United a gasar a ranar karshe ta kakar wasan da ci 4-3 a Newcastle United. Karin kofuna sun biyo baya: City ta lashe kofin FA a 1969 kuma bayan shekara guda ta yi nasara a gasar cin kofin Turai, inda ta doke Górnik Zabrze 2–1 acikin shekara ta 1970 na wasan karshe. Wannan ita ce karramawar da kulob din ya samu a Turai har zuwa nasarar da suka samu a gasar zakarun Turai ta 2022-23. Har ila yau, Blues ta lashe gasar cin kofin League a waccan shekarar, inda ta zama tawagar Ingila ta biyu da ta lashe kofin Turai da kofin gida a kakar wasa guda. Kulob din ya ci gaba da kalubalantar daukaka a cikin shekarun 1970s, inda ya kammala maki daya a bayan zakarun gasar a lokuta biyu kuma ya kai wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin League na 1974. Daya daga cikin wasannin na wannan lokacin da magoya bayan Manchester City ke tunawa da su shi ne wasan karshe na kakar 1973-74 da abokan hamayyarta na Manchester United, wadanda ke bukatar yin nasara don samun wani begen gujewa faduwa. Tsohon dan wasan United Denis Law ya zura kwallo da diddige don bai wa City nasara da ci 1-0 a Old Trafford da kuma tabbatar da faduwa daga abokan hamayyarsu. Kofin karshe na lokacin da ya fi samun nasara a kungiyar a karni na 20 an ci shi ne a shekarar 1976, lokacin da aka doke Newcastle United da ci 2-1 a wasan karshe na cin kofin League. Wani dogon lokaci na biyo bayan nasarar shekarun 1960 da 1970. Malcolm Allison ya koma kulob din ya zama koci karo na biyu a shekarar 1979, amma ya yi almubazzaranci da makudan kudade kan sa hannu da dama da ba su yi nasara ba, irin su Steve Daley. Bayan haka, wasu manajoji sun biyo baya - bakwai a cikin 1980s kadai. Karkashin John Bond, City ta kai wasan karshe na cin kofin FA na 1981 amma ta sha kashi a karawar da Tottenham Hotspur ta yi. Sau biyu kulob din ya yi fice daga matakin farko a cikin shekarun 1980 (a cikin 1983 da 1987), amma kuma ya koma mataki na farko a 1989 kuma ya kare a matsayi na biyar a 1991 da 1992 a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Peter Reid. Koyaya, wannan ɗan hutu ne kawai, kuma bayan tafiyar Reid dukiyar Manchester City ta ci gaba da dusashewa. City ta kasance masu kafa ƙungiyar Premier League bayan ƙirƙirar ta a 1992, amma bayan da ta kare a matsayi na tara a kakar wasan farko, sun yi fama da gwagwarmaya na shekaru uku kafin a sake su a 1996. mafi ƙasƙanci a tarihin su, zama na biyu da suka lashe kofin Turai da aka sake komawa gasar rukuni-rukuni na ƙasarsu bayan 1. FC Magdeburg ta [[Jamus]]. ===Farfadowa ta biyu=== Bayan da aka tashi daga gasar, kulob din ya fuskanci tashe-tashen hankula a waje, tare da sabon shugaban David Bernstein ya gabatar da ingantaccen tsarin kasafin kudi. Karkashin kociyan Joe Royle, City ta sami daukaka a yunkurin farko, wanda aka samu ta hanyar ban mamaki a wasan karshe na rukuni na biyu da Gillingham. Matsayin ci gaba na biyu a jere ya ga City ta koma mataki na gaba, amma wannan ya zama mataki mai nisa ga ƙungiyar da ke murmurewa, kuma a cikin 2001 An sake komawa City sau ɗaya. Kevin Keegan ya maye gurbin Royle a matsayin koci a ƙarshen kakar wasa ta ƙarshe, kuma ya samu koma baya nan da nan zuwa babban rukuni yayin da ƙungiyar ta lashe gasar rukunin farko ta 2001-2002, ta karya tarihin ƙungiyar na yawan maki da aka zura a raga a kakar wasa ɗaya a gasar. tsari. Kakar 2002–03 ita ce ta ƙarshe a Maine Road kuma ta haɗa da 3-1 derby nasara akan abokan hammayarsu Manchester United, wanda ya kawo karshen shekara 13 da aka yi ba tare da nasara ba. Bugu da ƙari, City ta cancanci shiga gasar Turai a karon farko cikin shekaru 25 ta hanyar UEFA fair play ranking. A karshen kakar wasa ta 2003–04, kulob din ya koma sabon City na filin wasa na Manchester. Shekaru hudu na farko a filin wasa duk sun haifar da kammala tsakiyar tebur. Tsohon manajan Ingila Sven-Göran Eriksson ya zama kociyan kungiyar na kasashen waje na farko lokacin da aka nada shi a shekarar 2007. Bayan fara wasa mai kyau, wasan kwaikwayo ya dusashe a rabin na biyu na kakar wasa, kuma an kori Eriksson a ranar 2 ga Yuni 2008; Mark Hughes ya maye gurbinsa bayan kwana biyu. A shekara ta 2008, Manchester City ta kasance cikin mawuyacin hali na rashin kuɗi. Thaksin Shinawatra ya karbi ragamar kulab din a shekarar da ta gabata, amma fafutukar siyasarsa ta ga kadarorinsa sun daskare. Sannan, a cikin Agusta 2008, Ƙungiyar Abu Dhabi United ta sayi Birni. Taken ya biyo bayan yunƙurin neman manyan ‘yan wasa; Kulob din ya karya tarihin sayan 'yan wasa na Biritaniya ta hanyar siyan Robinho dan kasar [[Brazil]] daga Real Madrid kan fan miliyan 32.5. Ba a samu wani gagarumin ci gaba ba idan aka kwatanta da kakar da ta gabata duk da kwararar kudi duk da haka, kungiyar ta kare a mataki na goma, duk da cewa ta yi rawar gani ta kai wasan daf da na kusa da karshe a gasar cin kofin UEFA. A lokacin bazara na 2009, ƙungiyar ta ɗauki kashe kuɗin canja wuri zuwa matakin da ba a taɓa gani ba, tare da kashe sama da fam miliyan 100 akan 'yan wasa Gareth Barry, Roque Santa Cruz, Kolo Touré, Emmanuel Adebayor, Carlos Tevez, da Joleon Lescott. A cikin Disamba 2009, Mark Hughes - wanda aka ɗauke shi aiki jim kaɗan kafin canjin ikon mallakar amma tun asali sabuwar hukumar ta riƙe shi - Roberto Mancini ya maye gurbinsa a matsayin manaja. City ta kammala kakar wasa a matsayi na biyar a gasar Premier, da kyar ta rasa gurbin shiga gasar zakarun Turai amma ta cancanci shiga gasar UEFA Europa League. ===Zaman tauraro na biyu da zuwan Pep Guardiola=== Ci gaba da saka hannun jari a cikin 'yan wasa ya biyo baya a lokuta masu zuwa, kuma sakamakon ya fara daidai da haɓakar ingancin ɗan wasa. City ta kai wasan karshe na cin kofin FA a shekarar 2011, babban wasan karshe na farko cikin sama da shekaru 30, bayan da ta doke abokiyar hamayyarta Manchester United a wasan kusa da na karshe, karo na farko da ta fitar da abokiyar karawarta daga gasar cin kofin tun 1975. Blues ta doke Stoke. City 1–0 a wasan karshe, inda ta samu nasarar cin kofin FA karo na biyar da kuma babban kofi na farko da kungiyar ta lashe tun bayan lashe kofin League na 1976. A ranar karshe ta kakar 2010-2011, City ta doke [[Arsenal F.C.]] a matsayi na uku, ta yadda ta samu cancantar shiga gasar zakarun Turai kai tsaye a group stage. An ci gaba da yin wasanni masu ƙarfi da kuma cimma nasarori a kakar wasa ta 2011–12, gami da nasarar da suka yi da Tottenham da ci 5–1 a White Hart Lane da kuma nasarar da ta yi daidai da 6–1 a kan Manchester United a Old Trafford, amma rashin kyawun tsari a rabin na biyu kakar wasan dai ya bar City a matsayi na biyu da maki takwas tsakaninta da United saura wasanni shida kacal a buga. A wannan lokacin, United ta yi rashin nasara a kan ta, inda ta yi kasa da maki takwas a cikin wasanni hudu, yayin da City ta fara samun nasara a jere, wanda ya sa kungiyoyin biyu suka tashi da maki daya saura wasanni biyu. Duk da Buluwa kawai suna bukatar nasara a gida da Queens Park Rangers, kungiya a yankin relegation, sun fadi a baya da ci 1-2 a karshen lokacin al'ada. Duk da haka, kwallaye biyu da aka zura a lokacin rauni – na biyu da Sergio Agüero ya zura a cikin minti na hudu da aka kara - ya daidaita kambin da City ta samu, wanda hakan ya sanya ta zama kungiya ta farko da ta lashe gasar Premier da maki kadai. A kakar wasa ta gaba, City ta kasa yin kwafin nasarar da ta samu a shekarar da ta gabata. Bayan kammala gasar ta biyu a gasar, maki goma sha daya a bayan Manchester United, da rashin nasara a gasar cin kofin FA 0–1 a hannun Wigan Athletic da ta koma mataki na daya, an kori Mancini. Manajan Chilean Manuel Pellegrini ne ya maye gurbinsa. A shekarar farko ta Pellegrini, City ta lashe kofin League kuma ta sake samun kofin Premier a ranar wasan karshe na kakar wasa. Tsarin gasar kungiyar sannan sannu a hankali ya ragu cikin shekaru biyu masu zuwa, yayin da Blues din ta kare a matsayi na biyu a 2014–15 sannan ta koma ta hudu a cikin 2015–16, kodayake kakar 2015–16 za ta ga City ta lashe wani kofin gasar Gasar Zakarun Turai na kusa da na karshe a karon farko. Pep Guardiola, tsohon kocin Barcelona da Bayern Munich, an tabbatar da zama sabon kocin Manchester City a ranar 1 ga Fabrairun 2016, tare da sanar da sanarwar watanni da yawa kafin Manuel Pellegrini ya bar mukaminsa. Kakar farko ta Guardiola a Manchester za ta kawo karshen gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai, inda Blues ke matsayi na uku a kan teburin gasar, amma kakar wasan da ta biyo baya ta samu nasara sosai, yayin da City ta lashe kofin Premier da maki mafi girma a tarihi tare da karya wasu kungiyoyi da na Ingila da dama. rubuce-rubuce a kan hanya. Wannan zai zama farkon nasarar da Manchester City ta samu a karkashin Guardiola. Tsakanin wasannin 2017-18 da 2022-23 na gasar Premier, City ta lashe kofunan lig biyar cikin shida, inda ta zo ta biyu a bayan Liverpool a kakar wasa ta 2019-20. Guardiola ya kuma jagoranci Blues zuwa gasar cin kofin gida, wanda aka haskaka ta nasarar cin Kofin League guda hudu a jere a 2018-2021. A lokacin kakar 2018-2019, City ta kammala babban gasar cikin gida da ba a taɓa gani ba na taken maza na Ingilishi. Baya ga lashe dukkanin manyan gasa uku na gasar kwallon kafa ta Ingila, sun kuma lashe Garkuwar Jama'a, wanda shi ne karon farko da kowace kungiya ta taba rike dukkan kofunan kwallon kafa hudu na Ingila a lokaci guda. A matakin nahiyar, kulob din ya samu ci gaba a cikin 2020-21, inda ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Zakarun Turai na farko. A cikin duk wani al'amari na Turanci, City ta yi rashin nasara 0-1 a Chelsea a Estádio do Dragão a [[Porto]].<ref>http://www.heraldsun.com.au/sport/football/the-resources-and-power-of-sheikh-mansoor-makes-this-deal-a-seismic-moment-for-the-aleague/story-fni2wcjl-1226808309758</ref> Kakar 2022-23 ta zama mafi girma a tarihin ƙungiyar, yayin da Manchester City ta lashe kofin Premier karo na uku a jere, da gasar cin kofin FA da abokiyar hamayyarta Manchester United, da kuma kofin gasar zakarun Turai na farko a filin wasa na Olympics na Atatürk da ke Istanbul Inter [[Milano|Milan]], ta haka ne ke haɗa wani abu mai wuyar gaske - wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na nahiyar. Hanyar cin kofin zakarun Turai ya hada da nasarar da Bayern Munich ta yi a Turai, wadda ta sha kashi da ci 4-1, da kuma Real Madrid, wadda ta sha kashi a hannun City da ci 1-5.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20070205055003/http://www.plusmarketsgroup.com/details.shtml?ISIN=GB0005599336</ref> Zamanin Manchester City na ci gaba da fafatawa a gasa ya zo daidai da tuhume-tuhume da kuma a lokuta da dama da aka samu na keta dokokin Financial Fair Play (FFP) da dokokin Premier League. A cikin 2014, Manchester City ta kasance batun yarjejeniyar sasantawa da UEFA wanda, a cikin matakai da yawa, an sanya iyaka kan adadin 'yan wasan da za su iya yin rajista a cikin jerin sunayen 'yan wasan na UEFA da kuma adadin da za a iya kashewa. a kan canja wuri da kuɗin fa'idar ma'aikata, an kuma bayar da tarar.<ref>https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/10-things-you-need-know-about-manchester-clubs-humble-beginnings</ref> A cikin 2017, Premier League ta ci tarar Manchester City tare da dakatar da siyan wasu 'yan wasa na makarantar shekaru biyu bayan da aka same su da karya dokokin ci gaban matasa. A shekarar 2020, Kotun sauraron kararrakin wasanni (CAS) ta yanke hukuncin cewa wasu takunkumin da UEFA ta sanyawa kulob din bai dace ba, wanda hakan ya yi watsi da dakatarwar da City ta yi na tsawon shekaru biyu a Turai, amma duk da haka ta gano cewa kulob din ya keta ka'idojin UEFA ta hanyar rashin bayar da hadin kai da kuma kawo cikas ga kungiyar. bincike, kuma saboda wannan "tsanani mai tsanani" ya ci tarar kulob din. A cikin 2023, Premier League ta ba da sanarwar nata binciken zargin da ake yi wa Manchester City, inda take tuhumar kungiyar da keta dokokin FFP har 115 har zuwa kakar wasa ta 2017-18. ===Tarihin gasar=== *1892–1899 Division 2 (L2) *1899–1902 Division 1 (L1) *1902–1903 Division 2 (L2) *1903–1909 Division 1 (L1) *1909–1910 Division 2 (L2) *1910–1926 Division 1 (L1) *1926–1928 Division 2 (L2) *1928–1938 Division 1 (L1) *1938–1947 Division 2 (L2) *1947–1950 Division 1 (L1) *1950–1951 Division 2 (L2) *1951–1963 Division 1 (L1) *1963–1966 Division 2 (L2) *1966–1983 Division 1 (L1) *1983–1985 Division 2 (L2) *1985–1987 Division 1 (L1) *1987–1989 Division 2 (L2) *1989–1992 Division 1 (L1) *1992–1996 Premier League (L1) *1996–1998 Division 1 (L2) *1998–1999 Division 2 (L3) *1999–2000 Division 1 (2) *2000–2001 Premier League (L1) *2001–2002 Division 1 (L2) *2002– Premier League (L1) ==Launuka da kuma Alamun Kulob== Launukan gidan Manchester City shuɗi ne da fari. Launukan kit na gargajiya sun kasance ko dai maroon ko (daga shekarun 1960) ja da baki; duk da haka, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan an yi amfani da launuka da dama. Ba a san asalin launukan gidan kulob din ba, amma akwai alamun cewa kulob din ya sanya shudi tun 1892 ko kuma baya. Wani ɗan littafi mai suna Shahararrun Kungiyoyin Kwallon Kafa - Manchester City wanda aka buga a shekarun 1940 ya nuna cewa West Gorton (St. Marks) tun asali tana wasa da ja da baki, kuma rahotanni daga 1884 sun bayyana ƙungiyar sanye da baƙaƙen riga mai ɗauke da farar giciye, wanda ke nuna asalin ƙungiyar kamar haka. gefen coci. Yin amfani da launin ja da baƙar fata ba safai ba har yanzu ya fito ne daga imanin tsohon mataimakin manajan Malcolm Allison cewa ɗaukar launukan AC Milan zai ƙarfafa City ga ɗaukaka. Alamar Allison da alama yana aiki, tare da City ta lashe gasar cin kofin FA 1969, da 1970 kofin cin Kofin Jikiriku a 1970 yayin da ake adawa da Kungiyar Sky Blue. ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:City, Manchester}} [[Category: Kungiyoyi kwallon kafa]] k19c9hv6fh54i8tfqww8cetk2i41isz 878733 878651 2026-07-07T22:48:15Z Baby juuu 38856 /* Tarihi */ 878733 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Manchester United FC - Manchester City FC, 25 October 2015 - 27.JPG|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 16.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 12.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 13.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 24.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 04.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 22.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester City FC trophies displayed at the Renzo Barbera Stadium 03.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester City FC trophies displayed at the Renzo Barbera Stadium 02.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:City of Manchester external view.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Manchester United FC - Manchester City FC, 25 October 2015 - 04.JPG|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 10.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:City of Manchester Stadium Wikivoyage banner.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Etihad Stadium, Manchester City Football Club (Ank Kumar, Infosys) 27.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Arsenal vs Manchester City (2013).jpg|thumb]] '''Manchester City Football Club''' akan takaita sunan zuwa '''Man City''', ta kasance kulob ɗin ƙwararrun ƴan ƙwallon ƙafa ne dake zaune a garin [[Manchester]], England, UK, suna fafatawa a gasar [[Premier League]], babban gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar England. Manchester City ta fara amfani da kayan sawanta na gida mai launin girgije tun acikin shekarar 1894, kuma shi ne kakar ƙungiyar na farko da ta fara amfani da sunan ta na yanzu. Kulob ɗin ta lashe kofin league guda goma (wanda huɗu daga ciki a jere ta lashe su acikin shekara ta 2020-zuwa cikin shekara ta 2024 wanda hakan yasa ta zama ƙungiya ta farko da ta yi irin haka a tarihi) da lashe Kofin FA bakwai, da EFL takwas, FA Community Shield shida, Gasar UEFA Champions league ɗaya, da kuma European Cup Winners'Cup guda ɗaya. ==Tarihi== An kafa ƙungiyar acikin shekara ta alif ɗari takwas da tamanin (1880), ta shiga cikin gasar English Football League acikin shekara ta 1899,ta lashe babbar gasar na farko da Kofin FA|Kofin [[FIFA|fiFA]] a 1904 FA Cup Final shekara ta 1904. Sun samu nasarori a karshen shekara ta 1960s, inda suka lashe kofin League, fiFA Cup da League Cup a karkashin horarwar Joe Mercer da Malcolm Allison. Bayan rashin nasarar ta shekarar 1981 FA Cup Final, kulob din ta fada cikin rashin tagomashi,da samun Promotion and relegation|relegation har zuwa rukuni na uku a English football league system|English football. [[File:City of Manchester Stadium 2.jpg|thumb|Babban filin wasa na Manchester City ]] [[File:Josep Guardiola 2023-10-04 Fußball, Männer, UEFA Champions League, RB Leipzig - Manchester City FC 1DX 2797 (cropped).jpg|thumb|kocin Manchester City. Pep Guardiola.]] [[File:David Silva shaved Man City 2017 (36471171422) (cropped).jpg|thumb|Captain din Manchester city. David Silva]] Bayan dawowar su cikin gasar Premier League a shekara ta 2000s, An saida kulob din Manchester City acikin shekara ta 2008, wanda Abu Dhabi United Group suka saya a £210&nbsp;million, da samun sa jari da dama. Kulob ta samu nasarar lashe gasa da dama a tsakanin shekarun 2010s, kuma suka zama Kulob ta farko da ta samu kaiwa maki Premier League records and statistics#Points|100 points a kakar gasar [[premier league]]. Kudin shigar kulub din Manchester City shine na biyar a Deloitte Football Money League|fifth highest a duniya a tsakanin shekara ta 2017–har zuwa zuwa cikin shekara ta 2018 na kakar gasa, wanda yakai €527.7&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.deloitte.com/uk/en/pages/sports-business-group/articles/deloitte-football-money-league.html|title=Deloitte Football Money League 2018|date=23 January 2018|accessdate=23 January 2018|publisher=Deloitte}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://uk.businessinsider.com/the-20-most-popular-rich-list-football-teams-on-social-media-2018-8/#10-manchester-city-493-million-followers-11 |title=UK Business Insider |access-date=2019-01-26 |archive-date=2018-11-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181118041429/http://uk.businessinsider.com/the-20-most-popular-rich-list-football-teams-on-social-media-2018-8#10-manchester-city-493-million-followers-11 |url-status=dead }}</ref> acikin shekara ta 2018, kulub din ita ce na Biyar a Forbes' list of the most valuable football clubs|fifth most valuable a duniya da kudin da suka kai $2.47&nbsp;billion.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/mikeozanian/2018/06/12/the-worlds-most-valuable-soccer-teams-2018/#3dddb7c845c8|title=The World's Most Valuable Soccer Teams 2018|last=Ozanian|first=Mike|work=Forbes}}</ref>. [[File:2011 FA Cup Final Victory Parade (4).jpg|thumb|kungiyar Manchester City kenan a lokacin murnar lashe kofin FA acikin shekara ta 2011]] Kulub din nada babban hamayya sosai tsakanin ta da takwarar ta [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] a wasa tsakanin su da ake kira da Manchester Derby. ===Shekarun farko da nasarorin farko=== City ta sami karramawar farko ta hanyar cin nasara a rukuni na biyu acikin shekara ta 1899; tare da samun ci gaba zuwa matsayi mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingilishi, Rukunin Farko. Sun ci gaba da neman babbar karramawarsu ta farko a ranar 23 ga watan Afrilun shekara ta 1904, inda suka doke Bolton Wanderers 1–0 a Crystal Palace don lashe kofin FA; 'Yan wasan Blues sun yi rashin nasara a gasar League da Cup sau biyu a waccan kakar bayan sun kammala gasar zakarun Turai, amma duk da haka sun zama kulob na farko a Manchester da suka samu babbar daraja.Acikin shekarun da suka biyo bayan nasarar cin kofin FA, kulob din ya fuskanci zarge zarge na rashin bin ka'ida, wanda ya kai ga dakatar da 'yan wasa goma sha bakwai acikin shekara ta 1906, ciki har da kyaftin Billy Meredith, wanda daga baya ya wuce garin zuwa Manchester United. Wuta a hanyar Hyde ta lalata babbar tashar acikin shekara ta 1920, kuma a cikin shekara ta 1923 ƙungiyar ta koma sabon filin wasansu da aka gina a Maine Road a cikin Moss Side. A cikin shekarun 1930, Manchester City ta kai wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin FA sau biyu a jere, inda ta yi rashin nasara a hannun Everton acikin shekara ta 1933, kafin ta ci kofin da ta doke Portsmouth acikin shekara ta 1934. A lokacin gudu na cikin shekara ta 1934, kulob din ya karya tarihin zuwa gida mafi girma na kowane kulob a kwallon kafa ta Ingila. tarihi, yayin da magoya bayan 84,569 suka cika titin Maine a gasar cin kofin FA zagaye na shida da Stoke City - tarihin da ya tsaya har zuwa cikin shekara ta 2016. Kungiyar ta lashe gasar rukunin farko a karon farko a cikin shekara ta 1937, amma an sake fitar da ita a kakar wasa ta gaba, duk da zura kwallaye a raga. fiye da kowace kungiya a rukunin. Shekaru 20 bayan haka, wata ƙungiyar Birni ta yi wahayi zuwa ga tsarin dabara da aka sani da Revie Plan ta sake kai wasan karshe a gasar cin kofin FA a jere, acikin shekara shekara ta 1955 da kuma cikin shekara ta 1956; kamar yadda a cikin shekara ta 1930s, suka yi rashin nasara na farko, a Newcastle United, kuma suka ci na biyu. Wasan karshe da tayi acikin shekara ta 1956, wanda Blues ta doke [[Birmingham]] City 3–1, ya ga golan City Bert Trautmann ya ci gaba da taka leda bayan karya wuyansa da rashin sani. ===Zamanin tauraro na farko da kalubalen da suka biyo baya=== Bayan an koma mataki na biyu a cikin 1963, nan gaba ta yi kamar ba ta da kyau tare da ƙarancin halartan gida na 8,015 da Swindon Town a cikin watan Janairun shekara shekara ta 1965. A lokacin bazara na 1965, an nada ƙungiyar gudanarwa ta Joe Mercer da Malcolm Allison . Acikin kakar wasa ta farko a karkashin Mercer, Manchester City ta lashe kambun Division na Biyu kuma ta sanya hannu mai mahimmanci a Mike Summerbee da Colin Bell. Bayan shekaru biyu, a cikin shekara ta 1967–zuwa cikin shekara ta 1968, City ta yi nasarar lashe kofin gasar a karo na biyu, inda ta doke makwabciyarta Manchester United a gasar a ranar karshe ta kakar wasan da ci 4-3 a Newcastle United. Karin kofuna sun biyo baya: City ta lashe kofin FA a 1969 kuma bayan shekara guda ta yi nasara a gasar cin kofin Turai, inda ta doke Górnik Zabrze 2–1 acikin shekara ta 1970 na wasan karshe. Wannan ita ce karramawar da kulob din ya samu a Turai har zuwa nasarar da suka samu a gasar zakarun Turai ta 2022-23. Har ila yau, Blues ta lashe gasar cin kofin League a waccan shekarar, inda ta zama tawagar Ingila ta biyu da ta lashe kofin Turai da kofin gida a kakar wasa guda. Kulob din ya ci gaba da kalubalantar daukaka a cikin shekarun 1970s, inda ya kammala maki daya a bayan zakarun gasar a lokuta biyu kuma ya kai wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin League na 1974. Daya daga cikin wasannin na wannan lokacin da magoya bayan Manchester City ke tunawa da su shi ne wasan karshe na kakar 1973-74 da abokan hamayyarta na Manchester United, wadanda ke bukatar yin nasara don samun wani begen gujewa faduwa. Tsohon dan wasan United Denis Law ya zura kwallo da diddige don bai wa City nasara da ci 1-0 a Old Trafford da kuma tabbatar da faduwa daga abokan hamayyarsu. Kofin karshe na lokacin da ya fi samun nasara a kungiyar a karni na 20 an ci shi ne a shekarar 1976, lokacin da aka doke Newcastle United da ci 2-1 a wasan karshe na cin kofin League. Wani dogon lokaci na biyo bayan nasarar shekarun 1960 da 1970. Malcolm Allison ya koma kulob din ya zama koci karo na biyu a shekarar 1979, amma ya yi almubazzaranci da makudan kudade kan sa hannu da dama da ba su yi nasara ba, irin su Steve Daley. Bayan haka, wasu manajoji sun biyo baya - bakwai a cikin 1980s kadai. Karkashin John Bond, City ta kai wasan karshe na cin kofin FA na 1981 amma ta sha kashi a karawar da Tottenham Hotspur ta yi. Sau biyu kulob din ya yi fice daga matakin farko a cikin shekarun 1980 (a cikin 1983 da 1987), amma kuma ya koma mataki na farko a 1989 kuma ya kare a matsayi na biyar a 1991 da 1992 a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Peter Reid. Koyaya, wannan ɗan hutu ne kawai, kuma bayan tafiyar Reid dukiyar Manchester City ta ci gaba da dusashewa. City ta kasance masu kafa ƙungiyar Premier League bayan ƙirƙirar ta a 1992, amma bayan da ta kare a matsayi na tara a kakar wasan farko, sun yi fama da gwagwarmaya na shekaru uku kafin a sake su a 1996. mafi ƙasƙanci a tarihin su, zama na biyu da suka lashe kofin Turai da aka sake komawa gasar rukuni-rukuni na ƙasarsu bayan 1. FC Magdeburg ta [[Jamus]]. ===Farfadowa ta biyu=== Bayan da aka tashi daga gasar, kulob din ya fuskanci tashe-tashen hankula a waje, tare da sabon shugaban David Bernstein ya gabatar da ingantaccen tsarin kasafin kudi. Karkashin kociyan Joe Royle, City ta sami daukaka a yunkurin farko, wanda aka samu ta hanyar ban mamaki a wasan karshe na rukuni na biyu da Gillingham. Matsayin ci gaba na biyu a jere ya ga City ta koma mataki na gaba, amma wannan ya zama mataki mai nisa ga ƙungiyar da ke murmurewa, kuma a cikin 2001 An sake komawa City sau ɗaya. Kevin Keegan ya maye gurbin Royle a matsayin koci a ƙarshen kakar wasa ta ƙarshe, kuma ya samu koma baya nan da nan zuwa babban rukuni yayin da ƙungiyar ta lashe gasar rukunin farko ta 2001-2002, ta karya tarihin ƙungiyar na yawan maki da aka zura a raga a kakar wasa ɗaya a gasar. tsari. Kakar 2002–03 ita ce ta ƙarshe a Maine Road kuma ta haɗa da 3-1 derby nasara akan abokan hammayarsu Manchester United, wanda ya kawo karshen shekara 13 da aka yi ba tare da nasara ba. Bugu da ƙari, City ta cancanci shiga gasar Turai a karon farko cikin shekaru 25 ta hanyar UEFA fair play ranking. A karshen kakar wasa ta 2003–04, kulob din ya koma sabon City na filin wasa na Manchester. Shekaru hudu na farko a filin wasa duk sun haifar da kammala tsakiyar tebur. Tsohon manajan Ingila Sven-Göran Eriksson ya zama kociyan kungiyar na kasashen waje na farko lokacin da aka nada shi a shekarar 2007. Bayan fara wasa mai kyau, wasan kwaikwayo ya dusashe a rabin na biyu na kakar wasa, kuma an kori Eriksson a ranar 2 ga Yuni 2008; Mark Hughes ya maye gurbinsa bayan kwana biyu. A shekara ta 2008, Manchester City ta kasance cikin mawuyacin hali na rashin kuɗi. Thaksin Shinawatra ya karbi ragamar kulab din a shekarar da ta gabata, amma fafutukar siyasarsa ta ga kadarorinsa sun daskare. Sannan, a cikin Agusta 2008, Ƙungiyar Abu Dhabi United ta sayi Birni. Taken ya biyo bayan yunƙurin neman manyan ‘yan wasa; Kulob din ya karya tarihin sayan 'yan wasa na Biritaniya ta hanyar siyan Robinho dan kasar [[Brazil]] daga Real Madrid kan fan miliyan 32.5. Ba a samu wani gagarumin ci gaba ba idan aka kwatanta da kakar da ta gabata duk da kwararar kudi duk da haka, kungiyar ta kare a mataki na goma, duk da cewa ta yi rawar gani ta kai wasan daf da na kusa da karshe a gasar cin kofin UEFA. A lokacin bazara na 2009, ƙungiyar ta ɗauki kashe kuɗin canja wuri zuwa matakin da ba a taɓa gani ba, tare da kashe sama da fam miliyan 100 akan 'yan wasa Gareth Barry, Roque Santa Cruz, Kolo Touré, Emmanuel Adebayor, Carlos Tevez, da Joleon Lescott. A cikin Disamba 2009, Mark Hughes - wanda aka ɗauke shi aiki jim kaɗan kafin canjin ikon mallakar amma tun asali sabuwar hukumar ta riƙe shi - Roberto Mancini ya maye gurbinsa a matsayin manaja. City ta kammala kakar wasa a matsayi na biyar a gasar Premier, da kyar ta rasa gurbin shiga gasar zakarun Turai amma ta cancanci shiga gasar UEFA Europa League. ===Zaman tauraro na biyu da zuwan Pep Guardiola=== Ci gaba da saka hannun jari a cikin 'yan wasa ya biyo baya a lokuta masu zuwa, kuma sakamakon ya fara daidai da haɓakar ingancin ɗan wasa. City ta kai wasan karshe na cin kofin FA a shekarar 2011, babban wasan karshe na farko cikin sama da shekaru 30, bayan da ta doke abokiyar hamayyarta Manchester United a wasan kusa da na karshe, karo na farko da ta fitar da abokiyar karawarta daga gasar cin kofin tun 1975. Blues ta doke Stoke. City 1–0 a wasan karshe, inda ta samu nasarar cin kofin FA karo na biyar da kuma babban kofi na farko da kungiyar ta lashe tun bayan lashe kofin League na 1976. A ranar karshe ta kakar 2010-2011, City ta doke [[Arsenal F.C.]] a matsayi na uku, ta yadda ta samu cancantar shiga gasar zakarun Turai kai tsaye a group stage. An ci gaba da yin wasanni masu ƙarfi da kuma cimma nasarori a kakar wasa ta 2011–12, gami da nasarar da suka yi da Tottenham da ci 5–1 a White Hart Lane da kuma nasarar da ta yi daidai da 6–1 a kan Manchester United a Old Trafford, amma rashin kyawun tsari a rabin na biyu kakar wasan dai ya bar City a matsayi na biyu da maki takwas tsakaninta da United saura wasanni shida kacal a buga. A wannan lokacin, United ta yi rashin nasara a kan ta, inda ta yi kasa da maki takwas a cikin wasanni hudu, yayin da City ta fara samun nasara a jere, wanda ya sa kungiyoyin biyu suka tashi da maki daya saura wasanni biyu. Duk da Buluwa kawai suna bukatar nasara a gida da Queens Park Rangers, kungiya a yankin relegation, sun fadi a baya da ci 1-2 a karshen lokacin al'ada. Duk da haka, kwallaye biyu da aka zura a lokacin rauni – na biyu da Sergio Agüero ya zura a cikin minti na hudu da aka kara - ya daidaita kambin da City ta samu, wanda hakan ya sanya ta zama kungiya ta farko da ta lashe gasar Premier da maki kadai. A kakar wasa ta gaba, City ta kasa yin kwafin nasarar da ta samu a shekarar da ta gabata. Bayan kammala gasar ta biyu a gasar, maki goma sha daya a bayan Manchester United, da rashin nasara a gasar cin kofin FA 0–1 a hannun Wigan Athletic da ta koma mataki na daya, an kori Mancini. Manajan Chilean Manuel Pellegrini ne ya maye gurbinsa. A shekarar farko ta Pellegrini, City ta lashe kofin League kuma ta sake samun kofin Premier a ranar wasan karshe na kakar wasa. Tsarin gasar kungiyar sannan sannu a hankali ya ragu cikin shekaru biyu masu zuwa, yayin da Blues din ta kare a matsayi na biyu a 2014–15 sannan ta koma ta hudu a cikin 2015–16, kodayake kakar 2015–16 za ta ga City ta lashe wani kofin gasar Gasar Zakarun Turai na kusa da na karshe a karon farko. Pep Guardiola, tsohon kocin Barcelona da Bayern Munich, an tabbatar da zama sabon kocin Manchester City a ranar 1 ga Fabrairun 2016, tare da sanar da sanarwar watanni da yawa kafin Manuel Pellegrini ya bar mukaminsa. Kakar farko ta Guardiola a Manchester za ta kawo karshen gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai, inda Blues ke matsayi na uku a kan teburin gasar, amma kakar wasan da ta biyo baya ta samu nasara sosai, yayin da City ta lashe kofin Premier da maki mafi girma a tarihi tare da karya wasu kungiyoyi da na Ingila da dama. rubuce-rubuce a kan hanya. Wannan zai zama farkon nasarar da Manchester City ta samu a karkashin Guardiola. Tsakanin wasannin 2017-18 da 2022-23 na gasar Premier, City ta lashe kofunan lig biyar cikin shida, inda ta zo ta biyu a bayan Liverpool a kakar wasa ta 2019-20. Guardiola ya kuma jagoranci Blues zuwa gasar cin kofin gida, wanda aka haskaka ta nasarar cin Kofin League guda hudu a jere a 2018-2021. A lokacin kakar 2018-2019, City ta kammala babban gasar cikin gida da ba a taɓa gani ba na taken maza na Ingilishi. Baya ga lashe dukkanin manyan gasa uku na gasar kwallon kafa ta Ingila, sun kuma lashe Garkuwar Jama'a, wanda shi ne karon farko da kowace kungiya ta taba rike dukkan kofunan kwallon kafa hudu na Ingila a lokaci guda. A matakin nahiyar, kulob din ya samu ci gaba a cikin 2020-21, inda ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Zakarun Turai na farko. A cikin duk wani al'amari na Turanci, City ta yi rashin nasara 0-1 a Chelsea a Estádio do Dragão a [[Porto]].<ref>http://www.heraldsun.com.au/sport/football/the-resources-and-power-of-sheikh-mansoor-makes-this-deal-a-seismic-moment-for-the-aleague/story-fni2wcjl-1226808309758</ref> Kakar 2022-23 ta zama mafi girma a tarihin ƙungiyar, yayin da Manchester City ta lashe kofin Premier karo na uku a jere, da gasar cin kofin FA da abokiyar hamayyarta Manchester United, da kuma kofin gasar zakarun Turai na farko a filin wasa na Olympics na Atatürk da ke Istanbul Inter [[Milano|Milan]], ta haka ne ke haɗa wani abu mai wuyar gaske - wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na nahiyar. Hanyar cin kofin zakarun Turai ya hada da nasarar da Bayern Munich ta yi a Turai, wadda ta sha kashi da ci 4-1, da kuma Real Madrid, wadda ta sha kashi a hannun City da ci 1-5.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20070205055003/http://www.plusmarketsgroup.com/details.shtml?ISIN=GB0005599336</ref> Zamanin Manchester City na ci gaba da fafatawa a gasa ya zo daidai da tuhume-tuhume da kuma a lokuta da dama da aka samu na keta dokokin Financial Fair Play (FFP) da dokokin Premier League. A cikin 2014, Manchester City ta kasance batun yarjejeniyar sasantawa da UEFA wanda, a cikin matakai da yawa, an sanya iyaka kan adadin 'yan wasan da za su iya yin rajista a cikin jerin sunayen 'yan wasan na UEFA da kuma adadin da za a iya kashewa. a kan canja wuri da kuɗin fa'idar ma'aikata, an kuma bayar da tarar.<ref>https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/10-things-you-need-know-about-manchester-clubs-humble-beginnings</ref> A cikin 2017, Premier League ta ci tarar Manchester City tare da dakatar da siyan wasu 'yan wasa na makarantar shekaru biyu bayan da aka same su da karya dokokin ci gaban matasa. A shekarar 2020, Kotun sauraron kararrakin wasanni (CAS) ta yanke hukuncin cewa wasu takunkumin da UEFA ta sanyawa kulob din bai dace ba, wanda hakan ya yi watsi da dakatarwar da City ta yi na tsawon shekaru biyu a Turai, amma duk da haka ta gano cewa kulob din ya keta ka'idojin UEFA ta hanyar rashin bayar da hadin kai da kuma kawo cikas ga kungiyar. bincike, kuma saboda wannan "tsanani mai tsanani" ya ci tarar kulob din. A cikin 2023, Premier League ta ba da sanarwar nata binciken zargin da ake yi wa Manchester City, inda take tuhumar kungiyar da keta dokokin FFP har 115 har zuwa kakar wasa ta 2017-18. ===Tarihin gasar=== *1892–1899 Division 2 (L2) *1899–1902 Division 1 (L1) *1902–1903 Division 2 (L2) *1903–1909 Division 1 (L1) *1909–1910 Division 2 (L2) *1910–1926 Division 1 (L1) *1926–1928 Division 2 (L2) *1928–1938 Division 1 (L1) *1938–1947 Division 2 (L2) *1947–1950 Division 1 (L1) *1950–1951 Division 2 (L2) *1951–1963 Division 1 (L1) *1963–1966 Division 2 (L2) *1966–1983 Division 1 (L1) *1983–1985 Division 2 (L2) *1985–1987 Division 1 (L1) *1987–1989 Division 2 (L2) *1989–1992 Division 1 (L1) *1992–1996 Premier League (L1) *1996–1998 Division 1 (L2) *1998–1999 Division 2 (L3) *1999–2000 Division 1 (2) *2000–2001 Premier League (L1) *2001–2002 Division 1 (L2) *2002– Premier League (L1) ==Launuka da kuma Alamun Kulob== Launukan gidan Manchester City shuɗi ne da fari. Launukan kit na gargajiya sun kasance ko dai maroon ko (daga shekarun 1960) ja da baki; duk da haka, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan an yi amfani da launuka da dama. Ba a san asalin launukan gidan kulob din ba, amma akwai alamun cewa kulob din ya sanya shudi tun 1892 ko kuma baya. Wani ɗan littafi mai suna Shahararrun Kungiyoyin Kwallon Kafa - Manchester City wanda aka buga a shekarun 1940 ya nuna cewa West Gorton (St. Marks) tun asali tana wasa da ja da baki, kuma rahotanni daga 1884 sun bayyana ƙungiyar sanye da baƙaƙen riga mai ɗauke da farar giciye, wanda ke nuna asalin ƙungiyar kamar haka. gefen coci. Yin amfani da launin ja da baƙar fata ba safai ba har yanzu ya fito ne daga imanin tsohon mataimakin manajan Malcolm Allison cewa ɗaukar launukan AC Milan zai ƙarfafa City ga ɗaukaka. Alamar Allison da alama yana aiki, tare da City ta lashe gasar cin kofin FA 1969, da 1970 kofin cin Kofin Jikiriku a 1970 yayin da ake adawa da Kungiyar Sky Blue. ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:City, Manchester}} [[Category: Kungiyoyi kwallon kafa]] 64zesyp4dmc2lqwwrkrra5smnomby0e 0 11607 878846 857325 2026-07-08T09:38:08Z M Bash Ne 12403 878846 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Hassan Usman Katsina''' OFR (31 Maris 1933 - 24 Yuli 1995), mai taken '''Chiroman Katsina''', janar ne na Najeriya wanda shine Gwamna na ƙarshe na Arewacin Najeriya . Ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Jami'in Soja a lokacin [[Yaƙin basasan Najeriya|Yaƙin basasar Najeriya]] kuma daga baya ya zama [[Majalisar Koli ta Soja ta Najeriya (1966-1979)|Mataimakin Shugaban Ma'aikata, Babban Hedikwatar]]. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Hassan Usman a ranar 31 ga Maris na shekarar 1933, a [[Katsina (birni)|Katsina]] ga dangin sarauta na [[Fulani]] na dangin [[Sulluɓawa|Sullubawa]] . Mahaifinsa, [[Usman Nagogo]], shi ne Sarkin sarakuna na 48 na Katsina daga shekarar 1944 zuwa shekara ta 1981. Kakansa, [[Muhammadu Dikko]], shi ne [[Tarihin Katsina|Sarkin Katsina]] na 47 daga shekarar 1906 zuwa shekara ta 1944. Katsina ta yi karatu a babbar [[Kwalejin Barewa]] . Daga nan sai ya ci gaba zuwa Kwalejin Fasaha, Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Najeriya a [[Tarihin Zariya|Zaria]] . == Ayyukan soja == A shekara ta 1956, Katsina ta shiga [[Sojojin Ƙasa na Najeriya|Sojojin Najeriya]].<ref name="dawodu2">{{Cite web |title=Nowa Omoigui. A ranar 15 ga watan Janairun shekarar 1966: The role of Major Hassan Usman Katsina. |url=http://www.dawodu.com/katsina1.htm |access-date=2015-04-13 |publisher=dawodu.com}}</ref> Yayinda sojoji ke karkashin ikon mulkin mallaka, ya horar da shi a makarantar Mons Officer Cadet da kuma babbar makarantar Royal Military Academy, Sandhurst . Bayan samun 'yancin kai, Katsina ta tashi ta hanyar soja. Ya yi umurni da sojoji a Kano da Kaduna, kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin jami'in leken asiri a cikin Rikicin Kongo, yana karɓar lambar yabo ta Kongo. An dauke shi a matsayin fitaccen jami'in soja na Arewa, tare da kusanci da masu mulki. == Juyin mulki na shekarar 1966 ==   A ranar juyin mulkin watan Janairun 1966, Katsina - Manjo wanda ke aiki a matsayin kwamandan rundunar soja ta farko ta [[Kaduna (birni)|Kaduna]] - ya karbi rahotanni na harbe-harbe a gidan [[Firayim Minista na Najeriya|Firayim Minista]] Arewacin Najeriya [[Ahmadu Bello]]. Ba tare da sanin cewa kungiyar masu tayar da kayar baya ta Major [[Chukwuma Kaduna Nzeogwu]] ta riga ta kashe Bello ba, Katsina ya umarci Corporal John Nanzip Shagaya da Sergeant Dantsoho Mohammed a kan aikin leken asiri a cikin birni inda suka sami jami'in 'yan sanda na Bello tare da gawar Brigadier Samuel Ademulegun da matarsa.<sup class="mw-ref reference" cx-link="" data-linkid="239" href="./Max_Siollun" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Max Siollun">Max Siollun<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;},<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;title<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:{<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;wt<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;Oil, Politics and Violence : Nigeria's Military Coup Culture (1966-1976)<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;},<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;date<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:{<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;wt<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;April 3, 2009<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;},<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;publisher<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:{<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;wt<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;Algora Publishing<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;},<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;isbn<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:{<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;wt<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;978-0875867083<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;},<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;page<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:{<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;wt<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;39<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;}},<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;i<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:0}}]}\" data-ve-no-generated-contents=\"true\" id=\"mwATA\"><nowiki>&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki><nowiki><cite about=\"#mwt30\" class=\"citation book cs1\" data-x-id=\"CITEREFSiollun2009\" id=\"mwATE\" data-ve-ignore=\"\"><a class=\"cx-link\" data-linkid=\"357\" href=\"./Max_Siollun\" id=\"mwATI\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" title=\"Max Siollun\">Siollun, Max</a></nowiki> (3 April 2009). <nowiki><i id=\"mwATM\">Oil, Politics and Violence<span id=\"mwATQ\" typeof=\"mw:DisplaySpace\">&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki>: Nigeria's Military Coup Culture (1966-1976)<nowiki></i></nowiki>. Algora Publishing. p.<nowiki><span id=\"mwATU\" typeof=\"mw:Entity\">&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki>39. <nowiki><a class=\"mw-redirect cx-link\" data-linkid=\"358\" href=\"./ISBN_(identifier)\" id=\"mwATY\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" title=\"ISBN (identifier)\">ISBN</a></nowiki><nowiki><span id=\"mwATc\" typeof=\"mw:Entity\">&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki><nowiki><a class=\"cx-link\" data-linkid=\"359\" href=\"./Special:BookSources/978-0875867083\" id=\"mwATg\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" title=\"Special:BookSources/978-0875867083\"><bdi id=\"mwATk\">978-0875867083</bdi></nowiki><nowiki></a></nowiki>.<nowiki></cite></nowiki>"}}" id="cite_ref-4" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref">[./Hassan_Katsina#cite_note-4 <span class="mw-reflink-text"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket"><nowiki>]</nowiki></span></span>]</sup> A cikin 'yan kwanaki, an sami nasarar murkushe juyin mulkin kuma Janar Janar Commanding [[Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi]] ya karɓi mulki a matsayin Shugaban Soja na farko. Bayan shigar da gwamnatin soja, Aguiyi-Ironsi ya nada Katsina a matsayin Gwamnan Soja na Arewacin Najeriya; a cikin wannan ofishin, ya yarda da mika wuya ga Nzeogwu - wanda ya kwace iko da Kaduna a lokacin juyin mulki - a ranar 17 ga Janairu. Masanin tarihi Max Siollun ya bayyana nadin a matsayin "mai basira a siyasa" saboda kusanci da Katsina ke da shi da "tsarin siyasa" na arewa wanda ya rasa iko bayan kisan Bello da Firayim Minista [[Abubakar Tafawa Balewa]]. An kara wa Katsina girma zuwa Lieutenant Colonel a lokacin nadin. A matsayinta na gwamnan yanki, Katsina ta kasance memba na Majalisar Sojoji ta Koli. Saboda wannan ofishin ne Katsina ya taka rawar gani a cikin Dokar Haɗin Kai don juya Najeriya zuwa jihar hadin kai, daga baya ya bayyana cewa goyon bayansa na jama'a ga dokar gaba ne kuma ya san cewa za a sami tashin hankali don mayar da martani ga sanarwar. A cikin karuwar ra'ayi na adawa da Igbo, rikice-rikicen da suka biyo baya na Dokar Haɗin Kai zai zama ɓangare na farko na manyan rikice-rikice na adawa na Igbo a duk shekara. Rikicin da ya danganci Dokar Haɗin Kai, baƙin ciki daga kisan shugabannin arewa a cikin juyin mulkin da ya gaza a watan Janairu, ra'ayoyin makircin da ke adawa da Igbo, da sauran tushe sun tashi sosai yayin da bayanan da ba daidai ba suka bazu a fadin Arewa cikin sauri, suna tilasta Katsina ta fara rangadin don karkatar da jita-jita na ƙarya cewa Aguiyi-jita ta hana Musulmai yin [[Aikin Hajji|Hajji]]. Ko da yake memba ne na gwamnati, Katsina ya sake maimaita fushin da ke ƙaruwa da ƙananan sojojin Arewa suka ji, ta amfani da jawabi don yin ramuwar gayya ga mutuwar a juyin mulkin Janairu. Bayan watanni na tashin hankali, tashin hankali a [[Abeokuta]] da sauri ya haifar da juyin mulkin Yuli wanda ya kashe Aguiyi-Ironsi da sojoji da yawa na kudanci. Katsina - kamar sauran manyan jami'an Arewa - bai shiga kai tsaye a cikin juyin mulki ba amma ya yarda da juyin mulki kuma ya shiga tattaunawa a [[Ikeja]] tare da masu tsattsauran ra'ayi na Arewa karkashin jagorancin [[Murtala Mohammed]]. Wani rukuni wanda ya kunshi manyan ma'aikatan gwamnati, jakadun Burtaniya da Amurka, da kuma jami'an Arewa masu matsakaici tare da wasu abokan aiki na Kudancin da suka tsira sun sami nasarar shawo kan ƙungiyar Murtala kada su yi ƙoƙarin rabuwa da Arewa kuma su yarda da Lieutenant Colonel [[Yakubu Gowon]] a matsayin magajin Aguiyi-Ironsi a matsayin shugaban kasa. Bayan juyin mulkin, sabuntawa na adawa da Igbo ya lalata biranen Arewa kuma ya tilasta daruruwan dubban mutanen kudanci su tsere daga yankin Arewa. Katsina ya zama sananne ga ayyukan sulhu kamar dakatar da tawaye na 1 ga Oktoba na 5th battalion a Kano kafin ya ratsa birnin tare da Sarkin da kansa ya dakatar da kisan kiyashi da fashi; Bugu da ƙari, Katsina ya shirya safarar jami'an kudancin da suka tsira (ciki har da Shugaba [[Olusegun Obasanjo]] na gaba da mataimakinsa [[Chris Ugokwe]]) zuwa aminci. Koyaya, yayin da sojoji masu ƙarancin matsayi suka aikata ta'addanci tare da fararen hula kuma Katsina ya yi ƙoƙari ya dakatar da kashe-kashen, ya kuma kula da yanayin da ya haifar da kisan gilla ta hanyar ba da lasisi mai yawa ga sojojin Arewa don " kare kansu" da kuma ba da izinin watsa shirye-shiryen mahimman bayanai masu tayar da hankali. == Gudanarwa == Gwamnatinsa ta zaɓi ci gaba da ci gaban da Ahmadu Bello ya samu kuma ya kawo manyan Ma'aikatan gwamnati a yankin waɗanda ke da halayen gudanarwa waɗanda zasu iya ci gaba da samun ci gaba. Manyan mutane a cikin gwamnatinsa sun hada da [[Ibrahim Dasuki]]; wanda daga baya ya zama [[Jerin Sarakunan Musulmin Najeriya|Sultan na Sokoto]], [[Aliyu Akilu|Ali Akilu]]; wanda daga bisani ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kirkirar [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|jihohi a Najeriya]], da kuma Sunday Awoniyi . <ref>Roman Loimeier. Islamic Reform and Political Change in Northern Nigeria, Northwestern University Press, 1997. p 24.{{ISBN|0810113465}}</ref> Har ila yau, gwamnatinsa ta ga hauhawar Kaduna Mafia, sabon aji na matasa masu ilimi na Arewa, Ma'aikatan gwamnati, da [[Rundunonin Sojin Najeriya|jami'an soja]]. A cikin ɗan gajeren lokacin shugabanci, ya jagoranci Hukumar Kula da Ayyuka ta Tsakiya, wata hukuma wacce ta ɗauki aikin raba albarkatun yankin a cikin sabon tsarin siyasa da [[tattalin arziki]].<ref>Roman Loimeier. slamic Reform and Political Change in Northern Nigeria, Northwestern University Press, 1997. p 26.{{ISBN|0810113465}}</ref> Katsina, ya kuma sake farfado da alaƙar siyasa tare da [[Daular Sokoto|Masarauta]] a matsayin tushen tallafi ga sabuwar gwamnatinsa; kuma yana kusa da sake gabatar da tsoffin tsarin gudanarwa na [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya|tsarin mulkin mallaka]], inda sarakuna suka taka muhimmiyar rawa. == Yaƙin basasa == <templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles>Bayan ya tsira daga juyin mulki biyu da kuma zubar da jini bayan haka, Gwamna Katsina ya kasance a cikin Babban Kwamitin Soja a karkashin Gowon a shekarar 1967. Saboda haka, ya kasance mai halartar [[Aburi Accord|Taron Aburi]] kuma ya shiga cikin tattaunawar farko tare da jagoran Gabas [[Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu]] . Katsina ya ruwaito cewa ya kalli tattaunawar a matsayin batun mutum, yana kiran takaddamar a matsayin "tsakanin mutum ɗaya mai burin gaske da sauran ƙasar" kuma yana ba'a da Ojukwu a matsayin mutumin da yake son "ya nuna yawan Ingilishi da ya sani". Koyaya, kamar yadda Siollun ya lura, Ojukwu ya zo taron sosai a shirye don mahimman tattaunawar tsarin mulki kuma ya sami nasarar tura SMC don yin babban sasantawa. Ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan izini - matsanancin ikon cin gashin kai na yanki - a zahiri ya sami goyon baya daga Katsina da Gwamnan Soja na Yamma Yamma Robert Adeyinka Adebayo yayin da shirin zai sauya iko daga Gowon zuwa gwamnonin yanki. Koyaya, yawancin yarjejeniyoyi da aka amince da su a Aburi ba a bi su ba, wanda ya haifar da barkewar [[Yaƙin basasan Najeriya|Yaƙin basasa]]. A shekara ta 1968, an nada Janar Katsina a matsayin Babban Jami'in Soja bayan mutuwar [[Joseph Akahan]] . A wannan matsayi, ya jagoranci kokarin yaki ta hanyar ninka girman sojoji sau biyu, toshe kayayyaki zuwa [[Biyafara|Biafra]], da kuma amfani da tallafin iska daga Jamhuriyar Larabawa. A shekara ta 1970, ya ga mika Biafra ga Najeriya ba tare da wani sharadi ba. [[File:Hassan-Katsina.JPG|thumb|Wani matashi Hassan Katsina a cikin tufafi]] == Rayuwa da mutuwa daga baya == Bayan juyin mulkin Najeriya na 1975, Janar Katsina ya yi ritaya daga aikin soja a matsayin babban jami'in soja a lokacin. Bayan ya yi ritaya, ya ki amincewa da nadin gwamnati da yawa.<ref>Simone K. Panter-Brick. Soldiers and Oil: The Political Transformation of Nigeria. Routledge, 1978. p 118. {{ISBN|0-7146-3098-5}}</ref> Janar Katsina an girmama shi a cikin rukunin soja yayin da ya jagoranci ci gaba da matasa da yawa waɗanda daga baya suka jagoranci mulkin kama-karya na soja a Najeriya. Daga baya ya shiga cikin kafa kungiyoyin siyasa kamar su [[Jam'iyyar National Party of Nigeria|Jam'iyyar Kasa ta Najeriya]] da Kwamitin Jama'a masu Damuwa . <ref>Michael S. Radu, Richard E. Bissell. Africa in the Post-Decolonization Era. Transaction Publishers, 1984. p 43. {{ISBN|0-87855-496-3}}</ref> Ya kuma kasance shugaban kungiyar Polo ta Najeriya, wanda mahaifinsa [[Usman Nagogo|Emir Usman Nagogo]] ya kasance shugaban rayuwa; kuma majagaba na [[polo a Najeriya]]. == Matsayin soja == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Matsayi |- |1958 |Mataimakin na biyu |- |1959 |Lieutenant |- |1961 |Kyaftin |- |1963 |Babban |- |1966 |Lieutenant Colonel |- |1968 |Kanal |- |1969 |Brigadier janar |- |1971 |Babban janar |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Musulman Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:'Yan Katsina]] [[Rukuni:Matattun 1995]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1933]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] cce4v14pac5nqcl6zupo32syft13ddt 0 15083 878717 326329 2026-07-07T21:52:22Z M Bash Ne 12403 878717 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Adetola Kunle-Hassan''', wacce aka fi sani da '''Ade Hassan''', MBE, (an haife ta ne a watan Afrilun shekaran 1984) ta kasance ƴar kasuwa ce' ƴar asalin ƙasar [[Burtaniya]] da ta kafa Nubian Skin a shekarar 2014. == Rayuwar farko == An haifa Ade Hassan a watan Afrilun Shekarar 1984. Ta girma ne a ckin kasar Najeriya, kuma tana jin [[Yarbanci]] . Duk iyayenta suna kasuwanci. Ta yi karatun digirinta na farko a Jami’ar Duke da ke Amurka inda ta karanci Ingilishi da tattalin arziki, bayan ta kammala digirin ta na biyu ne a Makarantar Nazarin Gabas da Afirka a Landan.<ref>{{cite web|author=|url=http://abinaonline.com/talk-ade-hassan-brain-behind-nubian-skin/|title=A talk with Ade Hassan: the brain behind Nubian Skin - ABINA|website=Abinaonline.com|date=|accessdate=2017-06-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170510082021/http://abinaonline.com/talk-ade-hassan-brain-behind-nubian-skin/|archive-date=10 May 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Aikinta na farko tana cikin kasuwancin kamfani ne mai zaman kansa <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.latimes.com/fashion/la-ig-nude-lingerie-20150308-story.html|title=Nubian Skin's Ade Hassan talks nude lingerie for all skin tones|work=LA Times|date=|accessdate=2017-06-24}}</ref> amma ta ɗan huta daga hakan har tsawon shekara guda don ɗaukar azuzuwan ɗinki da tsarin yankan juna.<ref>{{cite web|last=Alara|first=Dimeji|url=http://www.elle.co.za/5-mins-founder-nubian-skin-ade-hassan/|title=5 MINS WITH THE FOUNDER OF NUBIAN SKIN, ADE HASSAN - Elle South Africa|website=Elle.co.za|date=|accessdate=2017-06-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170322064232/http://www.elle.co.za/5-mins-founder-nubian-skin-ade-hassan/|archive-date=22 March 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref>Ta kafa Fata na Nubian, wanda ke yin tufafi a cikin sautuka masu duhu ga mata masu launi, a shekarar 2014 <ref>{{cite web|last=Oredein|first=Tobi|url=http://www.glamourmagazine.co.uk/article/beyonce-underwear-designer-ade-hassan-interview|title=Beyonce underwear lingerie designer Ade Hassan interview &#124; Glamour UK|website=Glamourmagazine.co.uk|date=2016-07-14|accessdate=2017-06-24}}</ref> bayan da ta kasa siyan wa kanta kayan sawa a launukan da ta fi so.<ref>{{cite web|author=Rachel Moss Lifestyle Writer at The Huffington Post UK|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/2014/11/07/nubian-skin-lingerie-women-of-colour_n_6100832.html|title=Women In Business: Nubian Skin Founder Ade Hassan On Creating Nude Lingerie For Women Of Colour &#124; HuffPost UK|website=Huffingtonpost.co.uk|date=2014-11-10|accessdate=2017-06-24}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nubianskin.com/global/about-nubian-skin|title=About Us|publisher=Nubian Skin|date=|accessdate=2017-06-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170430223023/https://www.nubianskin.com/global/about-nubian-skin|archive-date=30 April 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.figleaves.com/uk/nubian-skin-interview.html|title=Interview: Meet Nubian Skin's Ade Hassan &#124; Be Inspired|publisher=Figleaves|date=2016-10-26|accessdate=2017-06-24}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marieclaire.co.uk/news/fashion-news/meet-the-woman-who-is-redefining-the-word-nude-68336|title=Meet The Woman Who Is Redefining The Word 'Nude'|website=Marieclaire.co.uk|date=2015-06-24|accessdate=2017-06-24}}</ref> A shekarar 2014 an sanya mata suna a matsayin 'Yar Kasuwa ta Zamani a Gwarzo a Babban Bikin reprenean Kasuwancin Burtaniya. <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nubianskin.com/us/blog/ade-hassan-wins-fashion-entrepreneur-of-the-year/|title=Ade Hassan wins Fashion Entrepreneur of the Year! / Nubian Skin Blog - Nubian Skin US|website=Nubianskin.com|date=2015-12-01|accessdate=2017-06-24}}{{Dead link|date=June 2020|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref>A watan Oktoba na 2015, sunan Ade, Nubian Skin, an zaba shi ne a matsayin Hosiery Brand of the Year a bikin karrama mata na Burtaniya <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lingerieinsight.com/ukla-finalists-hosiery-brand-of-the-year-2/|title=UKLA Finalists: Hosiery Brand of the Year - Lingerie Insight|date=9 October 2015|publisher=|access-date=10 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180126133457/http://www.lingerieinsight.com/ukla-finalists-hosiery-brand-of-the-year-2/|archive-date=26 January 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> kuma ya sami Burtaniya Mafi Kyawun Zanen Zamani na Shekara. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lingerieinsight.com/your-guide-to-the-full-list-of-ukla-2015-winners/|title=Your guide to the full list of UKLA 2015 winners - Lingerie Insight|date=12 January 2016|publisher=|access-date=10 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180210002919/http://www.lingerieinsight.com/your-guide-to-the-full-list-of-ukla-2015-winners/|archive-date=10 February 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref>An nada ta memba na Umurnin Masarautar Burtaniya a cikin Girmamawar Ranar Haihuwar Sarauniya ta 2017 don aiyuka na zamani.<ref>{{cite web|author=Emily Banks|url=http://www.hamhigh.co.uk/news/birthday-honours-2017-mbe-for-west-hampstead-holocaust-survivor-who-hid-in-a-hole-to-escape-nazis-1-5066455|title=BIRTHDAY HONOURS 2017: BEM for West Hampstead Holocaust survivor who hid in a hole to escape Nazis - News - Hampstead Highgate Express|website=Hamhigh.co.uk|date=2017-06-17|accessdate=2017-06-24|archive-date=2017-06-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170620174726/http://www.hamhigh.co.uk/news/birthday-honours-2017-mbe-for-west-hampstead-holocaust-survivor-who-hid-in-a-hole-to-escape-nazis-1-5066455|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Mutane]] [[Category:Mata yan kasuwa]] [[Category:Ƴan Najeriya]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1984]] [[Category:Yarbawa]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] m28ucip5nzezz38kkvn2eqk3zukcnwc 0 15835 878775 862040 2026-07-08T06:17:21Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878775 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} _{Subscript text} [[File:Webcomic xkcd - Wikipedian protester - English.svg|right|thumb|250x250px|xkcd webcomic mai taken "Mai zanga-zangar Wikipedian". Alamar tana cewa: "[ '''MAGANAR BUKATA''' ]". ]] '''Majiya,''' na nufin madogara ta [[Bayajidda|bayani]] ko [[Labarin kasa na Singapore|labari]] wato inda aka [[Jihohin Tarayyar Amurka|jiyo]] labari.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/citation|title=Definition of CITATION|website=www.merriam-webster.com|language=en|access-date=2018-08-04}}</ref> Majiya ita ce take nuna [[Gaskiyan Cocin Isa|gaskiyar]] labari ko batu. Ana saka majiya ne a cikin rubutu kamar na [[Littafi]], [[Jarida]] ko Makala domin gamsar da mai karatu ya nutsu da abin da aka fada ko gaskiya ne. A Gaba daya haduwar duka rubutun da ke cikin jiki da kuma rubutun litattafan ya zama abin da yawancin mutane ake daukar a zaman kira (alhali kuwa shigar da ''bibliographic'' da kansu ba). Abubuwan da aka ambata game da maganganu guda daya, wanda za'a iya karantawa a cikin labaran kimiyya na lantarki ana kiran su ''non publications'', wani nau'i na rarraba [[:en:Microattribution|''microattribution'']].<ref>Journal Development, Yakkaldevi, A., {{ISBN|9781312755321}}</ref> A Kididdiga suna da mahimman dalilai masu yawa gaske: don tabbatar da gaskiya ta [[Ilimin jima'i kawai a Uganda|ilimi]] (ko guje wa satar fasaha ),<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://integrity.mit.edu/handbook/citing-your-sources/avoiding-plagiarism-cite-your-source|title=What Does it Mean to Cite?|publisher=MIT Academic Integrity}}</ref> don danganta aiki na farko daya samo asali da ra'ayoyi zuwa ingantattun tushe, don bawa mai karatu damar yanke hukunci da kansa ko bayan da aka ambata suna tallafawa ra'ayin marubuci a cikin da'awar hanya, kuma don taimaka wa mai karatu ya auna karfi da ingancin abin da marubucin ya yi amfani da shi. <ref>Association of Legal Writing Directors & Darby Dickerson, ''ALWD Citation Manual: A Professional System of Citation,'' 4th ed. (New York: Aspen, 2010), 3.</ref> Abubuwan da aka ambata a gaba daya suna biyan kudi ne ga dayan tsarin ambaton da aka yarda da su gaba daya, kamar su Oxford,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.lc.unsw.edu.au/onlib/refbib.html|title=Oxford Referencing System|access-date=18 January 2011|archive-date=30 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170630023831/http://www.lc.unsw.edu.au/onlib/refbib.html|url-status=dead|archivedate=30 June 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170630023831/http://www.lc.unsw.edu.au/onlib/refbib.html}}</ref> Harvard, MLA, ''[[:en:American_Sociological_Association|American Sociological Association]] (ASA), American Psychological Association (APA),'' da sauran tsarin ambaton, saboda taronsu na hadin gwiwa sanannen abu ne kuma mai saukin fassarawa daga masu karatu. Kowane dayan wadannan tsarin lissafin yana da fa'ida da amfani. ga Editoci galibi suna ayyana tsarin amfani da su. Bindiddiki, da sauran jerin abubuwa kwatankwacin nassoshi, galibi ba a daukar ambaton saboda ba su cika hakikanin kalmar ba: ba a yardaba da gangan kadau ko rahoto daga wasu mawallafa game da fifikon ra'ayin mutum. == Ra'ayi == '''A kididdigar kundin tarihi''' na nufin [[littafi]], ko labarin, shafin yanar gizo, ko wani abu da aka buga. yakamata subi daki-daki don gano abu musamman.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ben.edu/library/help/glossary.htm|title=Library glossary|date=August 22, 2008|publisher=[[Benedictine University]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080430220849/http://www.ben.edu/library/help/glossary.htm|archive-date=April 30, 2008|access-date=2009-02-27}}</ref> Ana amfani da tsarin gudanar da salona daban a cikin ambaton kimiyya, ambaton shari'a, fasaha ta farko, zane-zane, da kuma ' yan Adam . == Abun ciki == A Abubuwan da aka ambata na iya bambanta dangane da nau'in tushe kuma suna iya haɗawa da: * ''Littafin:'' marubuta (s), taken littafi, wurin bugawa, mai bugawa, ranar fitowar sa, da lambar shafi (idan) ya dace.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www2.liu.edu/cwis/cwp/library/workbook/evaluate.htm#citing|title=Anatomy of a Citation|website=LIU.edu|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150905125227/http://www2.liu.edu/cwis/cwp/library/workbook/evaluate.htm#citing|archive-date=2015-09-05|access-date=2015-09-28|ref=refLongIslandUni|archivedate=2015-09-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150905125227/http://www2.liu.edu/cwis/cwp/library/workbook/evaluate.htm#citing}}</ref> * ''Jarida:'' marubuci (s), taken labarin, taken jarida, ranar da aka buga shi, da lambar shafi (s). * ''Jarida:'' marubuta (s), taken labari, sunan jarida, taken yanki da lambar shafin take (idan) da kuma, ranar da aka buga. * ''Shafin yanar gizo:'' marubuta (s), Labari da taken bugawa a inda ya dace, kazalika da [[:en:Uniform_Resource_Locator|URL]],da kwanan wata lokacin da aka saka shafin. * ''Kunna:'' ambaton layi da suna ba da bangare, na yanayi, da lambobin layi,ba na biyun an raba shi da lokaci: 4.452 yana nufin yanayi na 4, layi na 452. Misali, "A cikin Eugene Onegin, Onegin cire Tanya lokacin da ta sami 'yanci ya zama nasa, kuma sai kawai ya yanke shawarar yana son ta lokacin da ta riga ta yi aure" (Pushkin 4.452-53).<ref name="Brigham">{{Cite web|url=http://www.byui.edu/english/mlaguide/MLA_intext_citation.htm|title=How to cite sources in the body of your paper|year=2008|website=BYUI.edu|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111113174823/http://www.byui.edu/english/mlaguide/MLA_intext_citation.htm|archive-date=November 13, 2011|access-date=2008-02-08|ref=refBrigham|archivedate=2011-11-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111113174823/http://www.byui.edu/english/mlaguide/MLA_intext_citation.htm}}</ref> * ''Waka:'' ana amfani da irin wannan don nuna layi daban na waka, kuma kididdigar zance yawanci sun hada da lambar layi (s). Misali: "Don dole ne in yi soyayya saboda ina raye&nbsp; / Kuma rayuwa a cikina abin da kuka bayar ne. " (Brennan, layi 15-16).<ref name="Brigham2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.byui.edu/english/mlaguide/MLA_intext_citation.htm|title=How to cite sources in the body of your paper|year=2008|website=BYUI.edu|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111113174823/http://www.byui.edu/english/mlaguide/MLA_intext_citation.htm|archive-date=November 13, 2011|access-date=2008-02-08|ref=refBrigham|archivedate=2011-11-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111113174823/http://www.byui.edu/english/mlaguide/MLA_intext_citation.htm}}</ref> * ''Ganawa:'' sunan mai tambaya, mai ba da labari (tsohon hirar sirri) da ranar hira. === Musamman masu ganowa === A Tare da bayanai kamar marubuta, ranar da aka buga, take da lambobin shafi, kididdigar na iya hadawa da masu ganowa na musamman dangane da nau'in aikin da ake magana a kai. * Ƙididdigar littattafai na iya hadawa da Lambar Littafi Na Duniya wato (ISBN).hakan na nufun ([[:en:International_Standard_Book_Number|International Standard Book Number]] ) * Takamaiman juzu'i, kasidu ko wasu sassan da za'a iya gano su na wani lokaci, na iya kasancewa yana da wani abu da yake nufin [[:en:Serial_Item_and_Contribution_Identifier|Serial Item and Contribution Identifier]] wato (SICI)da kuma Lambar Serial Ta Duniya dake nufin [[:en:International_Standard_Serial_Number|International Standard Serial Number]] (ISSN). * Takaddun lantarki suna da [[:en:Digital_object_identifier|digital object identifier]] wanda ata kaice ake cewa (DOI). * Abubuwan bincike na ilimin kimiyar halittu na iya samun Mai Bayyanar PubMed ([[:en:PMID|PMID]]). == Tsarin == A maganar gabadaya, akwai nau'ikan tsarin fadakarwa iri biyu, tsarin Vancouver da ambaton manazarta<ref name="ELhelpdesk">{{cite web|last=Pantcheva|first=Marina|date=nd|title=Citation styles: Vancouver and Harvard systems|url=https://site.uit.no/english/writing-style/citationstyles/|publisher=[[English Language Help Desk]]|accessdate=July 2, 2020|archive-date=July 1, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200701114257/https://site.uit.no/english/writing-style/citationstyles/|url-status=dead}}</ref>Majalisar Editocin Kimiyya wato (CSE)dake nufin [[:en:Council_of_Science_Editors|Council of Science Editors]] tana saka ma kididdigar, na ''tsarin sunan-ambato'' . <ref name="council2006scientific">Council of Science Editors, Style Manual Committee (2007). Scientific style and format: the CSE manual for authors, editors, and publishers.</ref> === Tsarin Na Vanco === Tsarin Vanco yana nufin amfani da lambobi daki daki a cikin rubutu, ko kuma mai sakaci acikin duka biyun Lambobin suna nufin ko dai bayanan rubutu (bayanan kula a karshen shafin) ko bayanan karshe (bayanan kula a shafi a karshen takardar) wadanda ke ba da cikakken Bayani. A Tsarin bayanan kula na iya bukatan cikakken littafin tarihin ba, ya danganta da ko marubucin yayi amfani da fom na cikakken bayanin kula ko kuma takaitaccen bayanin kula. Misali, wani yanki na takarda na amfani da tsarin bayanin kula ''ba tare'' da cikakken littafin tarihi ba zai iya zama kamar: : "Matakai guda biyar na bakin ciki sune musantawa, fushi, sasantawa, damuwa, da kuma yarda." ¹ Bayanin cewa, wanda yake a kasan shafin (karancin rubutu) ko a karshen takardar (karshen rubutun) zai yi kamar wannan: : 1. Elisabeth Kübler-Ross, ''Akan Mutuwa da Mutuwa'' (New York: Macmillan, 1969) 45-60. A cikin takarda tare da cikakken littafin tarihin, a gajeren bayanin kula na iya zama kamar: : 1. Kübler-Ross, ''Kan Mutuwa da Mutuwa'' 45-60. Shigar da littafin, wanda ake bukata tare da takaitaccen bayanin kula, zai yi kamar wannan: : Kübler-Ross, Elisabeth. ''Akan yana mutuwa da kuma mutuwa'' . New York: Macmillan, 1969. A cikin dabi'un dan adam, marubuta da yawa suna amfani da bayanan kafa ko mahimman bayanai don samar da wani labari na dan lokaci. Ta wannan hanyar, abin da yayi kama da takaddama shine ainihin karin kayan aiki, ko shawarwari don karin karatu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.studenthandouts.com/citations.htm|title=How to Write Research Papers with Citations: MLA, APA, Footnotes, Endnotes|access-date=2010-01-31|archive-date=2010-06-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100616071855/http://www.studenthandouts.com/citations.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> === Rubutun iyaye === Nunawa ga iyaye, wanda aka fi sani da Harvard nakaltowa, yana da cikakke ko na juzu'i, a cikin rubutu, bayanan ambaton da ke kunshe a cikin madafan madauwari kuma an saka su a sakin layi.<ref>{{cite web|last1=libguides|first1=liu.cwp|date=|title=Parenthetical Referencing|url=https://liu.cwp.libguides.com/APAstyle/parenthetical#:~:text=Parenthetical%20references%20are%20used%20within,the%20article%20you%20are%20citing.|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|accessdate=26 July 2020|website=liu.cwp.libguides.com|publisher=liu.cwp.libguides.com}}</ref> Misali na bayanin iyaye: : "Matakai guda biyar na bakin ciki sune ƙi, fushi, ciniki, damuwa, da yarda" (K acceptancebler-Ross, 1969, shafi na 45-60). Dogaro da zaɓin salon, nassoshi masu mahimmancin kalmomi na iya bukatar sashin karshe. Sauran salo sun hada da jerin amsoshin, tare da cikakkun bayanan nassoshi, a cikin bangaren karshe, wanda marubucin ya tsara su bisa haruffa. Galibi ana kiran wannan bangaren "Bayani", "Bibliography", "Ayyukan da aka ambata" ko "An nemi shawarwari". Nassoshi a cikin rubutu don wallafe-wallafen kan layi na iya bambanta da kuma nusar da . Cikakken bayani akan abu, kawai za a iya nuna shi lokacin da mai karatu ke so, a cikin sifofin kayan aiki . <ref>[http://livereference.org Live Reference Initiative] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210428140433/https://livereference.org/ |date=2021-04-28 }}. Retrieved 2012-04-28.</ref> Wannan salon yana sa ambaton ya zama da sauki kuma yana inganta kwarewar mai karatu. === Tsarin sunan-ambato === An saka wasu manyan lambobi a wurin magana, kamar dai yadda yake a cikin tsarin jerin sunayen, amma an kirga ambaton gwargwadon tsarin ayyukan da aka kawo a karshen takarda ko littafin; wannan jerin galibi ana tsara shi ta jerin haruffa ta hanyar marubuci. == Salo == Salon kididdiga za'a iya rarraba shi zuwa salon da ya dace da Ilimin dan Adam yafa idantu, kodayake akwai dan abin da zai daidaita. Wasu jagororin salo, kamar su [[:en:The_Chicago_Manual_of_Style|the Chicago Manual of Style]], suna da sauƙin canzawa kuma suna rufe tsarin magana da rubutu. Sauran, kamar salon kuma sun hada da [[:en:MLA_style_manual|MLA]] da kuma [[:en:APA_style|APA]], suna ayyana fasali a cikin tsarin rubutu guda daya. Wadannan ana iya kiran su tsarin tsaruka da kuma salon kira.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.csuchico.edu/lref/newciting.html|title=Citation Formats & Style Manuals|year=2007|website=CSUChico.edu|access-date=2008-02-11|ref=refCaliforniaStateUni|archive-date=2008-02-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080225232139/http://www.csuchico.edu/lref/newciting.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.lesley.edu/library/guides/citation/apa.html|title=APA Citation Format|year=2005|website=Lesley.edu|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071228053242/http://www.lesley.edu/library/guides/citation/apa.html|archive-date=December 28, 2007|access-date=2008-02-11|ref=refLesleyUni|archivedate=2007-12-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071228053242/http://www.lesley.edu/library/guides/citation/apa.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://wally.rit.edu/pubs/guides/apa.html|title=APA Citation Format|year=2003|website=RIT.edu|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080203115324/http://wally.rit.edu/pubs/guides/apa.html|archive-date=February 3, 2008|access-date=2008-02-11|ref=refRIT|archivedate=2008-02-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080203115324/http://wally.rit.edu/pubs/guides/apa.html}}</ref>Hakanan jagororin daban-daban suna kayyade tsarin bayyana, misali, kwanan watan fitarwa, take, da lambobin shafi na bin sunan marubucin, da tarun alamomina rubutu, amfani da rubutun, girmama, zance, alamun ambato, da sauransu, musamman ga salo.kungiyoyi da yawa sun ƙirƙiri salona dacewa da bukatun su; saboda haka, akwai jagororin da yawa. Masu wallafa kowane ɗayansu suna da nasu bambancin a cikin gida kuma, kuma wasu ayyukan suna da dadewa don suna da nasu hanyoyin ambaton kuma: [[:en:Stephanus_pagination|Stephanus pagination]] ko [[:en:Plato|Plato]]; [[:en:Bekker_numbers|Bekker numbers]] ko kuma [[:en:Aristotle|Aristotle]]; saka Littafi Mai-Tsarki ta hanyar littafi, babi da aya; ko [[:en:Shakespeare|Shakespeare]] da kuma wasa. Harshena Salon Maganan [[:en:Citation_Style_Language|Citation Style Language]] wato (CSL) yaren budewa ne na XML don bayyana tsarin yadda ake kawo ƙira da litattafan tarihi. === 'Yan Adam === * Tsarin salona [[:en:The_Chicago_Manual_of_Style|Chicago Style]] (CMOS) an kirkireshi kuma jagorar sa shine ''Chicago Manual of Style'' . Anfi amfani dashi sosai a tarihi da tattalin arziki harma da wasu ilimin kimiyyar zamantakewa. Salon alakar Turabiya mai alaka da juna — wanda ya samo asali daga gare ta - don nassoshin dalibai ne, kuma an bambanta ta daga CMOS ta hanyar kin ambaton alamomi a cikin jerin bayanai, da kuma fadakarwar samun damar dole. * Tsarin Columbia an kirkireshi ne Janice R. Walker da Todd Taylor don bayar da cikakkun bayanai game da ambaton hanyoyin intanet. Yanayin Columbia yana ba da samfuran samfuran dan Adam da na kimiyya. * ''Bayanin: Bayyana Tushen Tarihi daga Abubuwan Tarihi zuwa Gidan yanar'' gizo na Elizabeth Shown Mills sun hada da manyan hanyoyin da ba a hada su a cikin CMOS ba, kamar kidaya, kotu, kasa, gwamnati, kasuwanci, da kuma bayanan coci. Ya haɗa da tushe cikin tsarin lantarki. Masana tarihi da tarihi suka yi amfani da shi. <ref name="evidence">Elizabeth Shown Mills. ''Evidence Explained : Citing History Sources from Artifacts to cyberspace.'' 2d ed. Baltimore:Genealogical Pub. Co., 2009.</ref> * Rubutun Harvard (ko tsarin kwanan wata) wani nau'i ne na takamaiman magana na iyaye .[[:en:BSI_Group|British Standards Institution]] da kuma[[:en:Modern_Language_Association|Modern Language Association]] sukan yi amfani da su wajen shawarar yin nuni ga iyaye. Nuna fassarar Harvard ya kunshi dan gajeren lokacin kwanan wata, misali, "(Smith, 2000)", ana saka shi bayan rubutun da aka ambata a cikin maganan da kuma cikakken bayanin tushen da aka jera a ƙarshen labarin. * Salona [[:en:The_MLA_Style_Manual|MLA style]] ya haɓaka ta [[:en:Modern_Language_Association|Modern Language Association]] Harshe ta Zamani kuma ana amfani dashi mafi yawa a cikin zane-zane da dabi'un dan adam, musamman a cikin karatun Ingilishi, sauran karatun adabi, gami da adabin kwatanta da sukar adabi a cikin yaren Ingilishi (" harsunan waje "), kuma wasu karatun bambance-bambance, kamar karatun al'adu, wasan kwaikwayo da wasan kwaikwayo, fim, da sauran kafofin watsa labarai, gami da [[talabijin]] . Wannan salon ambaton da tsarin rubutun yana amfani da rubutacciyar magana tare da shafi na marubuci (Smith 395) ko kuma wani shafi mai suna [short] (Smith, ''Contingencies'' 42) Acikin wannan aikin na mawallafin nan yake a tsakanin magana cikin rubutuna. ''[[:en:The_MLA_Style_Manual|The MLA Style Manual]]'' zuwa jerin haruffa na tushe a shafi na "''[[:en:The_MLA_Handbook_for_Writers_of_Research_Papers|The MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers]]''" a ƙarshen [[:en:The_MLA_Style_Manual#Citation_and_bibliography_format|Citation and bibliography format]].{{efn|The field of [[Communication]] (or Communications) overlaps with some of the disciplines also covered by the [[Modern Language Association|MLA]] and has its own disciplinary style recommendations for documentation format; the style guide recommended for use in student papers in such departments in American colleges and universities is often ''[[APA style|The Publication Manual of the APA]]'' ([[American Psychological Association]]); designated for short as "[[APA style]]".}}da kuma bayanan kula (alamomi ko ƙarin bayani).''Littafin Jagora na MLA don Marubuta na Takardun Bincike'', musamman Tsarin Magana da tsarin littafin tarihi * [[:en:MHRA_Style_Guide|MHRA Style Guide]] an buga shi ne ta [[:en:Modern_Humanities_Research_Association|Modern Humanities Research Association]](MHRA) kuma mafi yawan amfani da shi a cikin zane-zane da dabi'un dan adam A MHRA. Ana iya samun abun siyarwa a [[Birtaniya]] dana [[Amurka]]. Ya yi daidai da salona [[:en:The_MLA_Style_Manual|MLA style]], amma yana da wasu bambance-bambance. Misali, salon MHRA yana amfani da bayanan ƙasa wanda ke nuni da cikakkun bayanai yayin kuma samar da kundin tarihin rayuwa. Wasu masu karatu suna ganin yana da fa'ida ga cewa bayanan suna bukatan cikakkun bayanai, maimakon takaitaccen nassoshi, don haka ba sa bukatar yin nazarin tarihin yayin karatun sauran bayanan da aka buga.<ref>The 2nd edition (updated April 2008) of the ''[[MHRA Style Guide]]'' is downloadable for free from the [[Modern Humanities Research Association]] official Website. {{Cite web |year=2008 |title=MHRA Style Guide: A Handbook for Authors, Editors, and Writers of Theses |url=http://www.mhra.org.uk/Publications/Books/StyleGuide/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050910055050/http://www.mhra.org.uk/Publications/Books/StyleGuide/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20050910055050/http://www.mhra.org.uk/Publications/Books/StyleGuide/ |archive-date=2005-09-10 |archivedate=2005-09-10 |access-date=2009-02-05 |publisher=Modern Humanities Research Association}} (2nd ed.)</ref> A wasu yankuna na 'Yan Adam, ana amfani da bayanan kafa don kawai nassoshi, kuma an guji amfani da su don bayanan kafa na yau da kullun (bayani ko misalai). Awa Innan yankuna, ana amfani da kalmar "alamar ƙafa" a matsayin ma'anar "tunani", kuma dole ne editoci da masu rubuta abubuwa su kula sosai don tabbatar da cewa sun fahimci yadda marubutan suke amfani da kalmar. === Doka === * [[:en:Bluebook|Bluebook]] tsari ne na ambaton gargajiya da ake amfani da shi a rubuce-rubuce na ilimin Amurka, kuma kotuna da yawa suna amfani da Bluebook (ko makamancin tsari da aka samo shi).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.law.cornell.edu/citation/|title=Introduction to Basic Legal Citation (LII 2007 ed.)|last=Martin|first=Peter W|date=May 2007|website=Cornell.edu|orig-year=1993|access-date=2008-02-03|ref=refMartin2007}}</ref> A halin yanzu, labaran doka na ilimi koyaushe suna da tushe, amma motsin da ake gabatarwa ga kotuna da ra'ayoyin kotu a al'adance suna amfani da ambaton layi, wadanda makalar jumla ce daban ko bangarori daban.na Bayanan da ke acikin layi suna ba masu karatu damar tantance karfin tushe ta hanzari, misali, kotun da aka yanke hukunci a ciki da shekarar da aka yanke hukunci. * Salon ambaton doka da aka yi amfani da shi kusan a ko'ina cikin Kanada ya dogara ne da ''Jagoran Kanada don Bayyana Dokar Kaya'' (AKA ''[[:en:McGill_Guide|McGill Guide]]'' ), wanda aka wallafa ta ''McGill Law Journal'' . <ref>''[https://web.archive.org/web/20130210184155/http://lawjournal.mcgill.ca/citeguide.php Canadian Guide to Uniform Legal Citation (Cite Guide)]''. ''McGill Law Journal''. Updated October 2008. Retrieved 2009-02-05.</ref> * Bayyanar da doka ta Burtaniya kusan ta duniya gaba ɗaya tana bin a Tsarina. ''[[:en:Oxford_Standard_for_Citation_of_Legal_Authorities|Oxford Standard for Citation of Legal Authorities]]'' (OSCOLA) === Kimiyya, lissafi, injiniyanci, ilimin kimiyyar lissafi, da magani === * Salon Kamfanin [[:en:American_Chemical_Society|American Chemical Society]], ko kuma salo na [[:en:ACS_style|ACS style]], ana amfani da shi sau da yawa a cikin [[Kimiyya|Chemistry]] da wasu kimiyyar jiki . A cikin salon salon ACS an kidaya su a cikin rubutu da jerin abubuwan tunani, kuma ana maimaita lambobi a cikin rubutun yadda ake bukata. * A cikin salon [[:en:American_Institute_of_Physics|American Institute of Physics]]<nowiki/>a(salon AIP), ana kuma kididdige nassoshi a cikin rubutu da cikin jerin bayanai, tare da lambobin da aka maimaita a cikin rubutun kamar yadda ake bukata. * Salon da aka kirkira wato [[:en:American_Mathematical_Society|American Mathematical Society]] (AMS), ko kuma nau'ikan AMS, irin su [[:en:AMS-LaTeX|AMS-LaTeX]], ana aiwatar da su ta hanyar amfani da kayan aikin [[:en:BibTeX|BibTeX]] a cikin tsarina [[:en:LaTeX|LaTeX]] .Ana saka shi tare da alamun rubutu na farko da shekara a cikin rubutun da farkon ambaton. Ana lissafin ƙididdiga na al'ada cikin layi tare da tsarin lakabin harafi, misali [AB90]. Wannan nau'in salone ake kiran sa da " ''Tasirin marubuta.'' " * Tsarin [[:en:Vancouver_system|Vancouver system]], wanda Majalisar Editocin Kimiyya wato [[:en:Council_of_Science_Editors|Council of Science Editors]] (CSE) ta ba da shawara, ana amfani da shi a cikin likitanci da takardun kimiyya da bincike. ** A cikin wani babban bambance-bambance, wanda wata kungiya da Ake cema American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) ta Amurka ke amfani da shi, an haɗa lambobin faɗakarwa a cikin rubutun a cikin madafun iko ba kamar na babban rubutun ba. Duk bayanan kundin tarihi an hada su ne a cikin jerin nassoshi a karshen takaddar, kusa da lambar ambaton su. ** International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) ita ce asalin kwayar wannan salon ƙirar, wanda ya samo asali daga taron editocina Vancouver 1978. <ref>[http://www.icmje.org "Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals"].</ref> Bayanan [[:en:MEDLINE|MEDLINE]]/[[:en:PubMed|PubMed]] yana amfani da wannan salon faɗakarwa na [[:en:National_Library_of_Medicine|National Library of Medicine]] providesasa yana ba da " Kaya wato (ICMJE) nanufin [[:en:Uniform_Requirements_for_Manuscripts_Submitted_to_Biomedical_Journals|Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals]] -Samfuran Misali". <ref>International Committee of Medical Journal Editors. [https://www.nlm.nih.gov/bsd/uniform_requirements.html "ICMJE Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals – Sample References"].</ref> * Salon AMA. * Salon Cibiyar Injin wato [[:en:Institute_of_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineers|Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers]](IEEE), ko salona [[:en:IEEE_style|IEEE style]], ya ƙunshi lambobin ambato a cikin manyan kusoshin murabba'i da lambobi a jere, tare da maimaita lambobi a cikin rubutun yadda ake buƙata.<ref>[http://www.ieee.org/documents/style_manual.pdf IEEE Style Manual] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924043706/http://www.ieee.org/documents/style_manual.pdf|date=2015-09-24}}. Retrieved 2015-02-16.</ref> * A bangarorin ilimina kimiyyar halittu wadanda suka fada a cikin [[:en:ICNafp|ICNafp]] (wanda shi kansa yake amfani da wannan salon ambaton a ko'ina), wani nau'I daban-daban na ambaton taken marubuci shi ne hanya ta farko da ake amfani da ita yayin yin ambaton kuma wasu lokuta an ambace su gaba daya (misali a cikin shawarwarin da suka shafi lambar da aka buga a ''[[:en:Taxon_(journal)|Taxon]]'' ), tare da ayyukan da ake magana a kansu waɗanda ba a ambata a cikin littafin tarihin ba sai dai idan an ambace su a cikin rubutun. Take suna amfani da daidaitattun ''taƙaitattun kalmomi'' masu zuwa bayan ''Botanico-Periodicum-Huntianum'' don abubuwan zamani da ''Littattafan'' ''Haraji'' ''2'' (daga baya [[:en:IPNI|IPNI]] ) don littattafai. * Salon Kiran Pechenik wani salo ne wanda aka bayyana a cikin ''A Short Guide to Writing about Biology'', 6th ed. (2007), na Jan A. Pechenik . <ref>[http://www.gonzaga.edu/academics/colleges-and-schools/college-of-arts-and-sciences/majors-programs/Biology/Undergraduate_Research/Forms/citation_guide.pdf "Pechenik Citation Style QuickGuide"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150929032143/http://www.gonzaga.edu/academics/colleges-and-schools/college-of-arts-and-sciences/majors-programs/Biology/Undergraduate_Research/Forms/citation_guide.pdf |date=2015-09-29 }} ([[PDF]]). [[University of Alberta]], Augustana Campus, Canada. [[World Wide Web|Web]]. November 2007.</ref> * A cikin 1955, Eugene Garfield ya gabatar da tsarin kundin tarihi don adabin kimiyya wato [[:en:Citation_index|bibliographic system for scientific literature]], don inganta mutuncin [[:en:Scientific_publishing|scientific publications]]<ref name="cisn">{{Cite journal|last=Garfield|first=Eugene|year=2006|title=Citation indexes for science. A new dimension in documentation through association of ideas|journal=International Journal of Epidemiology|volume=35|issue=5|pages=1123–1127|doi=10.1093/ije/dyl189|pmid=16987841|doi-access=free}}</ref> . === Kimiyyar zaman jama'a === * Salona [[:en:American_Psychological_Association|American Psychological Association]], ko salon [[:en:APA_style|APA style]], wanda aka buga a cikin [[:en:Publication_Manual_of_the_American_Psychological_Association|Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association]],galibi ana amfani da shi a cikin ilimin zamantakewar jama'a wato [[:en:Social_sciences|social sciences]]. Salon ambaton APA yayi kama da rubutun [[:en:Harvard_referencing|Harvard referencing]], yana lissafa sunan marubucin da shekarar da aka buga shi, kodayake waɗannan na iya ɗaukar nau'i biyu: ''ambaton suna'' wanda sunayen marubutan suka bayyana a cikin rubutun kuma shekarar da aka buga sannan ta bayyana a cikin iyaye, kuma ''marubucin - kwanan wata'', wanda sunan mahaifin marubuta da shekarar wallafawa duk suna bayyana a cikin ''iyayen yara'' . A kowane yanayi, ambaton cikin rubutu yana nuni zuwa jerin haruffa na tushe a ƙarshen takarda a cikin Sashin Nassoshi. * [[:en:American_Political_Science_Association|American Political Science Association]]<nowiki/>wallafa takaddar jagora da salon jagora don wallafe-wallafe a wannan fagen. <ref name="APSA">Stephen Yoder, ed. (2008). ''The APSA Guide to Writing and Publishing'' and ''Style Manual for Political Science''. Rev. ed. August 2006. [http://www.apsanet.org/PUBLICATIONS/Online-Store APSAnet.org Publications]. Retrieved 2015-09-28.</ref> Salon yana kusa da CMOS. * [[:en:American_Anthropological_Association|American Anthropological Association]] tana amfani da wani sabon juzu'i na salo na [[:en:The_Chicago_Manual_of_Style|Chicago Style]] wanda aka shimfida a cikin Jagoran Salo na Bugawa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.aaanet.org/publications/guidelines.cfm|title=Publishing Style Guide - Stay Informed|website=www.aaanet.org|accessdate=Apr 28, 2020|archive-date=October 9, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151009061048/http://aaanet.org/publications/guidelines.cfm|url-status=dead}}</ref> * Salona [[:en:ASA_style|ASA style]] da [[:en:American_Sociological_Association|American Sociological Association]] yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan salo da ake amfani da su a cikin wallafe-wallafen [[Kimiyar al'umma|zamantakewar jama'a]] . == Batutuwa == A cikin binciken da suka yi a kan bayanan kafa a cikin mujallu na ilimi a fagen sadarwa, Michael Bugeja da Daniela V. Dimitrova sun gano cewa ambato ga kafofin yanar gizo suna da saurin lalacewa (kamar yadda aka saukar da shafukan da aka ambata), wanda suke kira "rabin-rai ", wanda ke samar da bayanan kaɗan a waɗancan mujallu marasa amfani ga ƙwarewar karatu a kan lokaci.<ref>Bugeja, Michael and Daniela V. Dimitrova (2010). ''Vanishing Act: The Erosion of Online Footnotes and Implications for Scholarship in the Digital Age''. Duluth, Minnesota: Litwin Books. {{ISBN|978-1-936117-14-7}}</ref> Sauran masana sun gano cewa abubuwan da aka buga ba su da alamun ambato kamar ɗabi'un asali.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Raymond Hubbard and J. Scott Armstrong|year=1994|title=Replications and Extensions in Marketing: Rarely Published But Quite Contrary|url=http://cogprints.org/5199/1/Replications-and-Extensions-in-Marketing.pdf|journal=International Journal of Research in Marketing|volume=11|issue=3|pages=233–248|doi=10.1016/0167-8116(94)90003-5}}</ref> Wani mahimmin batun shine kuskuren lafazi, wanda yawanci ke faruwa saboda rashin kulawa kan ɓangaren mai binciken ko editan jarida a cikin hanyar bugawa. Masana sun gano cewa kariya mai sauƙi, kamar tuntuɓar marubucin wata hanyar da aka ambata game da ambaton da ya dace, yana rage yiwuwar kuskuren faɗakarwa kuma hakan yana ƙara ingancin bincike.<ref name="Wright2008">{{Cite journal|last=Wright|pages=125–139|ssrn=1941335|oclc=5582131729|jstor=25062982|eissn=1526-551X|issn=0092-2102|doi=10.1287/inte.1070.0317|issue=2|first=Malcolm|volume=38|journal=Interfaces|title=The Ombudsman: Verification of Citations: Fawlty Towers of Knowledge?|date=2008|author-link2=J. Scott Armstrong|first2=J.&nbsp;Scott|last2=Armstrong|doi-access=free}}</ref> Bincike yana nuna tasirin labarin na iya zama, a wani bangare, ya bayyana ta abubuwan da ke sama kuma ba wai kawai cancantar ilimin labarin ba. <ref>Bornmann, L., & Daniel, H. D. (2008). What do citation counts measure? A review of studies on citing behavior. Journal of Documentation, 64(1), 45–80.</ref> Abubuwan da suka dogara da filin galibi ana lasafta su azaman batun da za a magance ba kawai lokacin da aka kwatanta kwatankwacin fannoni daban-daban da, har ma yayin da ake kwatanta bangarori daban-daban na bincike na horo daya.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Anauati|first=Maria Victoria|last2=Galiani|first2=Sebastian|last3=Gálvez|first3=Ramiro H.|date=November 11, 2014|title=Quantifying the Life Cycle of Scholarly Articles Across Fields of Economic Research|ssrn=2523078}}</ref>Misali, a likitanci, a tsakanin sauran dalilai, yawan marubuta, yawan nassoshi, tsayin labarin, da kasantuwar babban a cikin taken suna tasiri tasirin; yayin fadita hanyar ilimin halayyar dan adam yawan nassoshi, tsayin labarin, da tsawon take suna daga cikin abubuwan.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=van Wesel|first=M.|last2=Wyatt|first2=S.|last3=ten Haaf|first3=J.|year=2014|title=What a difference a colon makes: how superficial factors influence subsequent citation|url=https://pure.knaw.nl/ws/files/894334/art_3A10.1007_2Fs11192_013_1154_x.pdf|journal=Scientometrics|volume=98|issue=3|pages=1601–1615|doi=10.1007/s11192-013-1154-x}}</ref> ''Yanayin'' fahimtar cewa ambaton suna zama masu rikitarwa kuma amma masu mahimmanci ma'auni ga masana. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://go.nature.com/2TdWoM6|title=Studies suggest 5 ways to increase citation counts|last=Crew|first=Bec|date=7 August 2019|website=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]] Index|access-date=20 August 2019}}</ref>Sun bayar da rahoton hanyoyi guda biyar don haɓaka ƙididdigar ambato: (1) kalli tsawon take da alamun rubutu; <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Hudson|first=John|year=2016|title=An analysis of the titles of papers submitted to the UK REF in 2014: authors, disciplines, and stylistic details|journal=[[Scientometrics]]|volume=109|issue=2|pages=871–889|doi=10.1007/s11192-016-2081-4|pmc=5065898|pmid=27795594}}</ref> (2) fitar da sakamako da wuri azaman masu gabatarwa;<ref>{{Cite bioRxiv|biorxiv=10.1101/673665|first=Nicholas|last=Fraser|first2=Fakhri|last2=Momeni|title=The effect of bioRxiv preprints on citations and altmetrics|first3=Philipp|last3=Mayr|first4=Isabell|last4=Peters|year=2019}}</ref>(3) guji ambaton wata ƙasa a cikin take, aciki ko kuma abudin hariffa; <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Abramo|first=Giovanni|last2=D’Angelo|first2=Ciriaco Andrea|last3=Di Costa|first3=Flavia|year=2016|title=The effect of a country's name in the title of a publication on its visibility and citability|journal=[[Scientometrics]]|volume=109|issue=3|pages=1895–1909|arxiv=1810.12657|doi=10.1007/s11192-016-2120-1}}</ref> (4) danganta labarin zuwa bayanan tallafi a cikin ma'aji; <ref>{{Cite journal|arxiv=1907.02565|last5=McGillivray|pmid=32320428|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0230416|pages=e0230416|issue=4|volume=15|year=2019|journal=PLOS One|first5=Barbara|first=Giovanni|last4=Whitaker|first4=Kirstie|last3=Staden|first3=Isla|title=The citation advantage of linking publications to research data|last2=Hrynaszkiewicz|first2=Iain|last=Colavizza|bibcode=2019arXiv190702565C}}</ref> da (5) guji barna a cikin taken abubuwan bincike.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Zhou|first=Zhi Quan|last2=Tse|first2=T.H.|last3=Witheridge|first3=Matt|year=2019|title=Metamorphic robustness testing: Exposing hidden defects in citation statistics and journal impact factors|url=https://ro.uow.edu.au/eispapers1/3038|journal=[[IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering]]|pages=1–22|doi=10.1109/TSE.2019.2915065}}</ref> Hakanan sanannun alamu ne waɗanda halayen marubuta da ma'aikatan jarida ke shafar su. Irin wannan halayyan. ana kiranta tasirin haɓaka, kuma an bayar da rahoton ya ƙunshi har ma da manyan mujallu. Musamman ma manyan mujallu na kimiyyar likitanci, gami da ,''The Lancet'', ''JAMA,'' da ,''The New England Journal of Medicine'', ana tsammanin suna da alaƙa da irin wannan ɗabi'ar, har zuwa kusan kashi 30% na alamomin waɗannan mujallu ana samar da su ne ta hanyar tallan ra'ayi.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Heneberg|first=P.|year=2014|title=Parallel Worlds of Citable Documents and Others: Inflated Commissioned Opinion Articles Enhance Scientometric Indicators|journal=Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology|volume=65|issue=3|page=635|doi=10.1002/asi.22997}}</ref> A gefe guda, lamarin da ke nuna alamun kira yana tashi. yana Kwatanta. bayyana su a matsayin ƙungiyoyin marubuta waɗanda ke ambaton juna ba daidai ba fiye da sauran rukunin marubutan da ke aiki a kan wannan batun.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Fister Jr.|first=I.|last2=Fister|first2=I.|last3=Perc|first3=M.|year=2016|title=Toward the Discovery of Citation Cartels in Citation Networks|journal=Frontiers in Physics|volume=4|pages=49|bibcode=2016FrP.....4...49F|doi=10.3389/fphy.2016.00049|doi-access=free}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Acknowledgment (creative arts)]] * [[Bible citation]] * [[Case citation]] * [[Citation analysis]] * [[Citation creator]] * [[Citation signal]] * [[Citationality]] * [[Coercive citation]] * [[Credit (creative arts)]] * [[Cross-reference]] * [[San Francisco Declaration on Research Assessment]] * [[Scholarly method]] * [[Source evaluation]] * [[Style guide]] == Bayanan kula == {{Notelist}} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Kara karantawa ==   Armstrong, J Scott (July 1996). "The Ombudsman: Management Folklore and Management Science – On Portfolio Planning, Escalation Bias, and Such". Interfaces. 26 (4): 28–42. doi:10.1287/inte.26.4.25. OCLC 210941768. Pechenik, Jan A (2004). A Short Guide to Writing About Biology (5th ed.). New York: Pearson/Longman. ISBN 978-0-321-15981-6. OCLC 52166026. "Why Are There Different Citation Styles?". Yale.edu. 2008. Retrieved 2015-09-28. [[Category:Manazarta]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 8r67kbiiylmi4t0gjmsktjuzbb19kxz 0 16398 878618 619559 2026-07-07T16:40:12Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878618 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Lansana Mansaray''' (an haifeshi a shekara ta 1992), wanda akafi sani da '''Barmmy Boy,''' shi ɗan shirin fim ne a [[Saliyo]].<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.survivorsfilm.com/pressblog/2018/10/9/courageous-filmmakers-are-fighting-ebola-on-screen| title=Courageous Filmmakers Are Fighting Ebola On Screen| publisher=survivorsfilm| accessdate=14 October 2020| archive-date=15 November 2021| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211115143350/https://www.survivorsfilm.com/pressblog/2018/10/9/courageous-filmmakers-are-fighting-ebola-on-screen| url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://mubi.com/cast/lansana-mansaray| title=Lansana Mansaray| publisher=MUBI | accessdate=14 October 2020}}</ref> Daya daga cikin shahararrun Sierraan fim a cikin siliman a Saliyo, Mansaray sananne ne ga shahararrun fina-finai ''Matasa'', ''ityauna''. Baya ga harkar fim, shi ma furodusan fim ne, mai daukar silima da rapper.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://archive.pov.org/survivors/bio/| title=Filmmaker Bios| publisher=American Documentary, Inc| accessdate=14 October 2020| archive-date=9 July 2020| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200709154758/http://archive.pov.org/survivors/bio/| url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.thealliance.media/profile/lansana-barmmy-boy-mansaray/| title=Lansana 'Barmmy Boy' Mansaray| publisher=thealliance | accessdate=14 October 2020}}</ref> == Rayuwarsa == An haife shi a shekarar 1992 a [[Freetown]], kasar Saliyo. == Ayyuka == Mansaray shine wanda ya kafa da kuma sarrafa manajan WeOwnTV a Freetown Media Center. Tare da WeOwnTV, ya haɗu da ƙungiyoyi da yawa waɗanda suka haɗa da: Tsaro don Yara na Duniya, NOVA Studios (UK), British Council Saliyo, UNICEF Sierra Leone, Save the Children Saliyo, Well Woman Clinic da Hull UK City of Culture 2017 . A 2010, ya bada umurni a fim dinsa ta farko ''Matasa.'' A wannan shekarar, ya yi aiki a matsayin mai daukar hoto na fim din ''Charity'' . Ya ci gaba da aiki a matsayin mai daukar hoto a cikin shekaru masu zuwa a cikin fina-finai; ''Sun Jajirce'' (2011) kuma ''Nakasa rashin iyawa'' . Baya ga su, ya yi aiki a matsayin mai daukar hoto a fina-finai da yawa da suka ci lambar yabo ta duniya kamar ''yanke shawara'' a 2011, ''Yarinyar da ta tashi'' a 2013, ''Su ne Mu'' a 2014, da ''Saduwa da Afirka: Ruwa da yawa zuwa Ketare'' a 2013, inda na biyun ya ci nasara Kyautar Emmy ta farko . A cikin 2014, ya ziyarci Kasar Ingila don saduwa da wasu abokai, amma an tilasta masa ya tsawaita zamansa na tsawon watanni biyar saboda ɓarkewar cutar ta Ebola a Saliyo . A 2018, ya ba da fim din shirin ''tsira'', wanda ya danganci rikice-rikicen Ebola. Daga baya an zabi shi don Emmy's Best Social Issue Documentary, inda ya zama fim na farko a Yammacin Afirka da ya karɓi yabo. == Fina-finai == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Fim ! Matsayi ! Nau'i ! Ref. |- | 2008 | ''Motsawa zuwa Beat'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo: kansa | Bidiyon bidiyo | |- | 2010 | ''Matasa'' | Darakta | Short fim | |- | 2010 | ''Sadaka'' | Darakta, ƙarin mai ɗaukar hoto | Short fim | |- | 2011 | ''Sun Dace'' | Mai shirya finafinai | Takardar bayani | |- | 2011 | ''Shawarwari'' | Mai shirya finafinai | Takardar bayani | |- | 2013 | ''Yarinya Tashi'' | M filin | Takardar bayani | |- | 2013 | ''Haɗu da 'yan Afirka: Koguna da yawa don ƙetara'' | Mai shirya finafinai | Takardar bayani | |- | 2014 | ''Su ne Mu'' | Mai shirya finafinai | Takardar bayani | |- | 2018 | <nowiki><i id="mwfw">Wadanda suka tsira</i></nowiki> | Darakta, furodusa, mai daukar hoto | Takardar bayani | |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * Lansana Mansaray * [https://www.britishcouncil.org/arts/hull-city-culture-tour/freetown-cities Daga Freetown zuwa Hull: Garuruwan al'adu] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220627122119/https://www.britishcouncil.org/arts/hull-city-culture-tour/freetown-cities |date=2022-06-27 }} [[category:Rayayyun Mutane]] [[category:Haifaffun 1992]] 5yima0yeqle90iupid19uynb2ohir6e 0 17365 878623 873382 2026-07-07T17:34:54Z Umar Bello Kaura 45977 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1340848767|Ibrahim Sheme]]" 878623 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles> <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>'''Ibrahim Sheme''' [[marubuci]] ne [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Na Najeriya]] mai magana da harsuna biyu, ɗan jarida, Mai shirya fim-finai, kuma mai bugawa. Ya yi aiki a matsayin edita da wakilin jaridu da yawa na Najeriya, ciki har da Leadership, The Tide, New Nigerian, The Reporter, da ''Hotline Magazine'' . <ref name="inter">{{Cite web |title=Ibrahim Sheme - 'I was really overjoyed' |url=http://everythinliterature.blogspot.com.ng/2007/12/ibrahim-sheme-i-was-really-overjoyed.html |access-date=9 October 2017 |publisher=EverythinLiterature}}</ref> Ya kuma rubuta tarihin mutum na biyu a cikin gwamnatin soja na Janar [[Olusegun Obasanjo]], marigayi Manjo-Janar [[Shehu Musa Yar'Adua|Shehu Musa Yar"Adua]], da kuma tarihin rayuwar babban mawaƙi da mawaƙi na Hausa, marigayin [[Mamman Shata]] . Ya kasance editan farko na Blueprint Newspaper kuma daga baya babban editansa. Sheme ya kasance Darakta na Media da Talla a [[Buɗaɗɗiyar Jami'a ta Ƙasa, Najeriya|Jami'ar National Open ta Najeriya]] tun daga shekara ta 2016. <ref name="Sheme" /> <ref name="Sheme 3">{{Cite web |title=Ibrahim Sheme |url=http://nouedu.net/officers/mal-ibrahim-sheme |access-date=6 October 2017 |website=nouedu.net |publisher=National Open University of Nigeria}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Sheme a yankin karamar hukumar [[Faskari]], [[Katsina (jiha)|Jihar Katsina]], a cikin 1968 (ko da yake yana amfani da 1966 a cikin takardun hukuma). Ya halarci makarantar firamare ta Maigamji da makarantar firamire ta Ruwan-Godiya, duka a yankin karamar hukumar Funtua a tsohuwar [[Kaduna (jiha)|Jihar Kaduna]] (yanzu a jihar Katsina) tsakanin 1973-1979, kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Kwalejin Gwamnati, Kaduna, a shekarar 1984. Ya sami digiri na farko a fannin Sadarwar Jama'a daga [[Jami'ar Bayero]], Kano (BUK), a shekarar 1989. A jami'ar, ya kasance daga cikin manyan masu gwagwarmayar wallafe-wallafen kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin babban editan The Parakeet, mujallar wallafe-walfinai, da kuma editan Bayero Beacon, jaridar harabar jami'a. Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin babban sakatare na kungiyar daliban jihar Katsina . Bayan kammala karatunsa, an ba shi kyaututtuka biyu da ake so, daya a matsayin Mafi Kyawun Dalibi a cikin sashen sa ɗayan kuma a matsayin mafi kyawun ɗalibin da ya kammala karatu a jami'ar. A shekara ta 1993, bayan ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan jarida a Port Harcourt, Jihar Rivers, da Kaduna, Sheme ya ci gaba zuwa Jami'ar Wales a Cardiff, Ingila, inda ya sami Jagora na Fasaha a Nazarin Sadarwa a 1994. Sheme ya yi aiki a matsayin sakataren talla na kasa na [[Kungiyar Marubuta ta Najeriya|Ƙungiyar Marubutan Najeriya]] . == Ayyukan wallafe-wallafen == Sheme na ɗaya daga cikin manyan marubuta da masu sukar adabi a arewacin Najeriya. Littafinsa na farko, "Kifin Rijiya" (The Ignoramus), wanda ya rubuta yayin da yake dalibi a Jami'ar Bayero kuma an buga shi a shekarar 1991, ya lashe matsayi na biyu a gasar rubuce-rubucen rubuce-rukuncen harsunan Arewa da gwamnatin Jihar Kaduna ta shirya. Littafinsa na biyu, "'Yartsana" (The Doll), ya lashe kyautar farko a cikin budurwa Bashir Karaye Prize for Hausa Writing . Sauran ayyukansa sun hada da "The Malam's Potion"_ (tarin gajerun labaru), labarin tafiya a kan yawon shakatawa na Isra'ila da yankunan Palasdinawa mai taken "Ilmi Mabudin Tafiya", tarihin marigayi Manjo-Janar Shehu Musa Yar'Adua, da tarihin marigayin Alhaji Mamman Shata mai taken "Shata Ikon Allah!" Ya kuma shirya tarihin gajerun labarai ga Ƙungiyar Marubutan Najeriya mai taken "Cramped Rooms and Open Spaces". Sheme ya kasance babban mutum a cikin muhawara game da fiction na soyayya na Hausa wanda ya ɓarke a cikin jaridu da mujallu da yawa a arewacin Najeriya tsakanin 1991 da 1999. Magana mai ban sha'awa, wanda ake kira "The Great Soyayya Debate", ya gabatar da marubuta, masana kimiyya da masu sukar adabi kamar Ibrahim Malumfashi, [[Abdalla Uba Adamu]], Yusuf M. Adamu, Ado Ahmad Gidan Dabino, da sauransu game da inganci da buƙatar litattafan soyayya da aka sani da "littattafan soyayya". Sheme ya fara muhawara a matsayin mukaddashin edita da kuma editan wallafe-wallafen Nasiha, jaridar mako-mako ta Hausa da Nationhouse Press (masu wallafa jaridar The Reporter) ke buga a Kaduna. Ya ɗauki muhawara zuwa wasu gidajen watsa labarai inda daga baya ya yi aiki a matsayin edita ko edita na wallafe-wallafen: Hotline da Rana mujallu, New Nigerian, Weekly Trust, da jaridar Leadership. Tattaunawar ta ja hankalin malaman Najeriya da na kasashen waje kamar Farfesa Graham Furniss na Makarantar Nazarin Gabas da Afirka (SOAS), Jami'ar London, wanda ya rubuta shi. A tsakiyar '90s, Sheme ya yi aiki a matsayin sakataren talla na kasa na Association of Nigerian Authors (ANA). Ya kuma kasance babban sakatare na ANA a Jihar Kaduna. == Ayyukan fim == Ibrahim Sheme an haɗa shi da masana'antar fina-finai mai ƙarfi a arewacin Najeriya da ake kira [[Kannywood]] . Ya rubuta rubutun ga fina-finai da yawa na Hausa har ma ya samar da wasu. Fim dinsa sun hada da Gagarabadau (Unbeatable), Daren Farko (The First Night), da Fargaba (Fear). Sheme ya kuma rubuta waƙoƙi ga mawaƙa da yawa a Kannywood. Ayyukansa mafi shahara a Kannywood, duk da haka, shine buga manyan mujallu biyu na labarai, Fim da Bidiyo . Sheme da wasu abokansa ne suka kafa Fim (ma'anar Fim) a watan Maris na shekara ta 1999, tare da Sheme a matsayin mai bugawa. Ya karɓi mujallar kowane wata a matsayin mai shi kaɗai a shekara ta 2002 kuma yana bugawa ba tare da ya gaza ba tun daga lokacin. Mujallar ta buga labarai, tambayoyi, tsegumi, da dai sauransu, game da masu ruwa da tsaki a cikin masana'antar, amma daga baya ta fadada ɗaukar hoto ga al'adun Hausa gabaɗaya, tare da ɓangaren kan kiɗa na gargajiya, rubuce-rubuce masu ban sha'awa, da sana'a. An kirkiro sashin ne bayan mutuwar Bahaushiya, mujallar kwata-kwata da Sheme ya kafa a 2006 don cika wani wuri. Mujallar Bidiyo (Video), wacce Sheme ta kafa tare da mai da hankali kawai kan fasahar yin fim, ta huta bayan bugu 10 saboda karancin tallafi saboda masu karatu sun fi son jita-jita da labarai na salon rayuwa da mujallar Fim ke bayarwa. Amma Fim ya sha wahala daga ƙananan tallace-tallace a cikin 'yan shekarun nan saboda yaduwar kafofin sada zumunta a cikin aikin jarida gabaɗaya. Daga fiye da 10,000 kofe a kowane wata sayarwa, ya sauka zuwa 'yan ɗari. Koyaya, mujallar ta sami canji mai mahimmanci don gudanar da kasuwancin sayar da labarai a kan layi - a cikin gidan yanar gizon ta da kuma kafofin sada zumunta. == Ayyukan da aka zaɓa == * Gidajen ''ga [[Kungiyar Marubuta ta Najeriya|ANA]]'' rufe da wuraren budewa: Anthology of New Short Fiction (don ANA): 1999.<ref name="next">{{Cite web |title=Read to Reel: Transformation of Hausa Popular Literature from Orality to Visuality |url=http://www.auadamu.com/index.php/pd1/category/12-media-and-cultural-communication-presentations?download=69:2005-read-to-reel-transformation-of-hausa-popular-literature-from-orality-to-visuality |access-date=9 October 2017 |website=auadamu.com}}</ref> * Malam's Potion da Sauran Labarai: Masu wallafa Informart, 1999. * '''Yartsana'': (a cikin ''[[Harshen Hausa|Hausa]]'') Informart Publishers, 2003. * ''Ilmi Mabud'in Tafiya.'' (Tafiye-tafiye a kan Isra'ila a cikin [[Harshen Hausa|Hausa]]), Informart Publishers, 2005. * ''[[Mamman Shata|Shata]] Ikon Allah!'' '' (Rubuce-rubuce na marigayi Hausa Musician, [[Mamman Shata]]) '': Masu wallafa Informart, 2006 * ''Kifin Rijiya'' (lit. The Ignoramus: a cikin [[Harshen Hausa|Hausa]]), Nationhouse Press, 1991 * ''Bango Ya Tsage'' (fassarar Hausa na Chinua Achebe's Things Fall Apart), Ba a buga shi ba == Bayanan da aka ambata == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Sheme, Ibrahim}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Hausawa]] [[Rukuni:Marubutan Najeriya]] em23nvjfy0xzxd9o2yth4um54rdimv2 878624 878623 2026-07-07T17:37:18Z Umar Bello Kaura 45977 878624 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} <templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles> <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>'''Ibrahim Sheme''' [[marubuci]] ne [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Na Najeriya]] mai magana da harsuna biyu, ɗan jarida, Mai shirya fim-finai, kuma mai bugawa. Ya yi aiki a matsayin edita da wakilin jaridu da yawa na Najeriya, ciki har da Leadership, The Tide, New Nigerian, The Reporter, da ''Hotline Magazine'' . <ref name="inter">{{Cite web |title=Ibrahim Sheme - 'I was really overjoyed' |url=http://everythinliterature.blogspot.com.ng/2007/12/ibrahim-sheme-i-was-really-overjoyed.html |access-date=9 October 2017 |publisher=EverythinLiterature}}</ref> Ya kuma rubuta tarihin mutum na biyu a cikin gwamnatin soja na Janar [[Olusegun Obasanjo]], marigayi Manjo-Janar [[Shehu Musa Yar'Adua|Shehu Musa Yar"Adua]], da kuma tarihin rayuwar babban mawaƙi da mawaƙi na Hausa, marigayin [[Mamman Shata]] . Ya kasance editan farko na Blueprint Newspaper kuma daga baya babban editansa. Sheme ya kasance Darakta na Media da Talla a [[Buɗaɗɗiyar Jami'a ta Ƙasa, Najeriya|Jami'ar National Open ta Najeriya]] tun daga shekara ta 2016. <ref name="Sheme" /> <ref name="Sheme 3">{{Cite web |title=Ibrahim Sheme |url=http://nouedu.net/officers/mal-ibrahim-sheme |access-date=6 October 2017 |website=nouedu.net |publisher=National Open University of Nigeria}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Sheme a yankin karamar hukumar [[Faskari]], [[Katsina (jiha)|Jihar Katsina]], a cikin 1968 (ko da yake yana amfani da 1966 a cikin takardun hukuma). Ya halarci makarantar firamare ta Maigamji da makarantar firamire ta Ruwan-Godiya, duka a yankin karamar hukumar Funtua a tsohuwar [[Kaduna (jiha)|Jihar Kaduna]] (yanzu a jihar Katsina) tsakanin 1973-1979, kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Kwalejin Gwamnati, Kaduna, a shekarar 1984. Ya sami digiri na farko a fannin Sadarwar Jama'a daga [[Jami'ar Bayero]], Kano (BUK), a shekarar 1989. A jami'ar, ya kasance daga cikin manyan masu gwagwarmayar wallafe-wallafen kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin babban editan The Parakeet, mujallar wallafe-walfinai, da kuma editan Bayero Beacon, jaridar harabar jami'a. Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin babban sakatare na kungiyar daliban jihar Katsina . Bayan kammala karatunsa, an ba shi kyaututtuka biyu da ake so, daya a matsayin Mafi Kyawun Dalibi a cikin sashen sa ɗayan kuma a matsayin mafi kyawun ɗalibin da ya kammala karatu a jami'ar. A shekara ta 1993, bayan ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan jarida a Port Harcourt, Jihar Rivers, da Kaduna, Sheme ya ci gaba zuwa Jami'ar Wales a Cardiff, Ingila, inda ya sami Jagora na Fasaha a Nazarin Sadarwa a 1994. Sheme ya yi aiki a matsayin sakataren talla na kasa na [[Kungiyar Marubuta ta Najeriya|Ƙungiyar Marubutan Najeriya]] . == Ayyukan wallafe-wallafen == Sheme na ɗaya daga cikin manyan marubuta da masu sukar adabi a arewacin Najeriya. Littafinsa na farko, "Kifin Rijiya" (The Ignoramus), wanda ya rubuta yayin da yake dalibi a Jami'ar Bayero kuma an buga shi a shekarar 1991, ya lashe matsayi na biyu a gasar rubuce-rubucen rubuce-rukuncen harsunan Arewa da gwamnatin Jihar Kaduna ta shirya. Littafinsa na biyu, "'Yartsana" (The Doll), ya lashe kyautar farko a cikin budurwa Bashir Karaye Prize for Hausa Writing . Sauran ayyukansa sun hada da "The Malam's Potion"_ (tarin gajerun labaru), labarin tafiya a kan yawon shakatawa na Isra'ila da yankunan Palasdinawa mai taken "Ilmi Mabudin Tafiya", tarihin marigayi Manjo-Janar Shehu Musa Yar'Adua, da tarihin marigayin Alhaji Mamman Shata mai taken "Shata Ikon Allah!" Ya kuma shirya tarihin gajerun labarai ga Ƙungiyar Marubutan Najeriya mai taken "Cramped Rooms and Open Spaces". Sheme ya kasance babban mutum a cikin muhawara game da fiction na soyayya na Hausa wanda ya ɓarke a cikin jaridu da mujallu da yawa a arewacin Najeriya tsakanin 1991 da 1999. Magana mai ban sha'awa, wanda ake kira "The Great Soyayya Debate", ya gabatar da marubuta, masana kimiyya da masu sukar adabi kamar Ibrahim Malumfashi, [[Abdalla Uba Adamu]], Yusuf M. Adamu, Ado Ahmad Gidan Dabino, da sauransu game da inganci da buƙatar litattafan soyayya da aka sani da "littattafan soyayya". Sheme ya fara muhawara a matsayin mukaddashin edita da kuma editan wallafe-wallafen Nasiha, jaridar mako-mako ta Hausa da Nationhouse Press (masu wallafa jaridar The Reporter) ke buga a Kaduna. Ya ɗauki muhawara zuwa wasu gidajen watsa labarai inda daga baya ya yi aiki a matsayin edita ko edita na wallafe-wallafen: Hotline da Rana mujallu, New Nigerian, Weekly Trust, da jaridar Leadership. Tattaunawar ta ja hankalin malaman Najeriya da na kasashen waje kamar Farfesa Graham Furniss na Makarantar Nazarin Gabas da Afirka (SOAS), Jami'ar London, wanda ya rubuta shi. A tsakiyar '90s, Sheme ya yi aiki a matsayin sakataren talla na kasa na Association of Nigerian Authors (ANA). Ya kuma kasance babban sakatare na ANA a Jihar Kaduna. == Ayyukan fim == Ibrahim Sheme an haɗa shi da masana'antar fina-finai mai ƙarfi a arewacin Najeriya da ake kira [[Kannywood]] . Ya rubuta rubutun ga fina-finai da yawa na Hausa har ma ya samar da wasu. Fim dinsa sun hada da Gagarabadau (Unbeatable), Daren Farko (The First Night), da Fargaba (Fear). Sheme ya kuma rubuta waƙoƙi ga mawaƙa da yawa a Kannywood. Ayyukansa mafi shahara a Kannywood, duk da haka, shine buga manyan mujallu biyu na labarai, Fim da Bidiyo . Sheme da wasu abokansa ne suka kafa Fim (ma'anar Fim) a watan Maris na shekara ta 1999, tare da Sheme a matsayin mai bugawa. Ya karɓi mujallar kowane wata a matsayin mai shi kaɗai a shekara ta 2002 kuma yana bugawa ba tare da ya gaza ba tun daga lokacin. Mujallar ta buga labarai, tambayoyi, tsegumi, da dai sauransu, game da masu ruwa da tsaki a cikin masana'antar, amma daga baya ta fadada ɗaukar hoto ga al'adun Hausa gabaɗaya, tare da ɓangaren kan kiɗa na gargajiya, rubuce-rubuce masu ban sha'awa, da sana'a. An kirkiro sashin ne bayan mutuwar Bahaushiya, mujallar kwata-kwata da Sheme ya kafa a 2006 don cika wani wuri. Mujallar Bidiyo (Video), wacce Sheme ta kafa tare da mai da hankali kawai kan fasahar yin fim, ta huta bayan bugu 10 saboda karancin tallafi saboda masu karatu sun fi son jita-jita da labarai na salon rayuwa da mujallar Fim ke bayarwa. Amma Fim ya sha wahala daga ƙananan tallace-tallace a cikin 'yan shekarun nan saboda yaduwar kafofin sada zumunta a cikin aikin jarida gabaɗaya. Daga fiye da 10,000 kofe a kowane wata sayarwa, ya sauka zuwa 'yan ɗari. Koyaya, mujallar ta sami canji mai mahimmanci don gudanar da kasuwancin sayar da labarai a kan layi - a cikin gidan yanar gizon ta da kuma kafofin sada zumunta. == Ayyukan da aka zaɓa == * Gidajen ''ga [[Kungiyar Marubuta ta Najeriya|ANA]]'' rufe da wuraren budewa: Anthology of New Short Fiction (don ANA): 1999.<ref name="next">{{Cite web |title=Read to Reel: Transformation of Hausa Popular Literature from Orality to Visuality |url=http://www.auadamu.com/index.php/pd1/category/12-media-and-cultural-communication-presentations?download=69:2005-read-to-reel-transformation-of-hausa-popular-literature-from-orality-to-visuality |access-date=9 October 2017 |website=auadamu.com}}</ref> * Malam's Potion da Sauran Labarai: Masu wallafa Informart, 1999. * '''Yartsana'': (a cikin ''[[Harshen Hausa|Hausa]]'') Informart Publishers, 2003. * ''Ilmi Mabud'in Tafiya.'' (Tafiye-tafiye a kan Isra'ila a cikin [[Harshen Hausa|Hausa]]), Informart Publishers, 2005. * ''[[Mamman Shata|Shata]] Ikon Allah!'' '' (Rubuce-rubuce na marigayi Hausa Musician, [[Mamman Shata]]) '': Masu wallafa Informart, 2006 * ''Kifin Rijiya'' (lit. The Ignoramus: a cikin [[Harshen Hausa|Hausa]]), Nationhouse Press, 1991 * ''Bango Ya Tsage'' (fassarar Hausa na Chinua Achebe's Things Fall Apart), Ba a buga shi ba == Bayanan da aka ambata == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Sheme, Ibrahim}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Hausawa]] [[Rukuni:Marubutan Najeriya]] 6f0ccge6ai683ty9kiootq3dc2lg38j 0 17558 878768 866720 2026-07-08T04:07:29Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878768 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Mahmood Ali-Balogun ((listenⓘ)) ɗan fim ne na Najeriya, ma'aikacin al'adu kuma manajan darektan Brickhouse Media . [1] Ya ba da umarnin fim din 'Tango With Me' wanda ya lashe lambar yabo da yawa.[2] Shi ne Shugaban kungiyar Audio Visual Rights Society (AVRS) na Najeriya. == Rayuwa ta farko da aiki == An haifi Mahmood Ali-Balogun a ranar 19 ga Yuli, 1959 <ref name="About The Director">{{Cite web |title=About The Director |url=http://www.africanfilmny.org/2013/mahmood-ali-balogun/ |access-date=10 August 2015 |website=African Film Festival Inc. |ref=3}}</ref> kuma ya girma a Arewacin Najeriya. <ref name="theguardianlifemagazine.blogspot.com">{{Cite web |title=STAR ACTOR: Behold Elder Ali Balogun |url=http://theguardianlifemagazine.blogspot.com/2009/08/star-actor-behold-elder-ali-balogun.html |access-date=10 August 2015 |website=The Guardian Life Magazine |ref=4}}</ref> Shi Alumnus ne na [[Jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo|Jami'ar Ife]], yanzu [[Jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo]] inda ya yi karatun Dramatic Arts na musamman a fim da samar da talabijin. Ayyukan Mahmood sun samo asali ne a cikin shekaru daga kasancewa ɗan wasan kwaikwayo, zuwa darektan, <ref name="Tango with me: A movie phenomenon" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2016 |title=Mahmood Ali-Balogun - Filmography |url=https://www.nytimes.com/movies/person/1620286/Mahmood-Ali-Balogun/filmography |url-status=dead == Hotunan fina-finai == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Takardun sarauta !Sashe !Matsayi |- |1983 |Wasan Ola Rotimi, "Idan.. Wani bala'i na Sarauta" <ref name="theguardianlifemagazine.blogspot.com">{{Cite web |title=STAR ACTOR: Behold Elder Ali Balogun |url=http://theguardianlifemagazine.blogspot.com/2009/08/star-actor-behold-elder-ali-balogun.html |access-date=10 August 2015 |website=The Guardian Life Magazine |ref=4}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="4">[http://theguardianlifemagazine.blogspot.com/2009/08/star-actor-behold-elder-ali-balogun.html "STAR ACTOR: Behold Elder Ali Balogun"]. ''The Guardian Life Magazine''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 August</span> 2015</span>.</cite></ref> |Fim din |Mai wasan kwaikwayo |- |1999 |Wurin da ake kira Gida <ref name="2014 Jury">{{Cite web |title=2014 Jury |url=http://afriff.com/2014-2/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150810124052/http://afriff.com/2014-2/ |archive-date=10 August 2015 |access-date=10 August 2015 |website=Africa International Film Festival (AFRIFF) |ref=10 }}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="10">. ''Africa International Film Festival (AFRIFF)''. Archived from [http://afriff.com/2014-2/ the original] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150810124052/http://afriff.com/2014-2/ |date=2015-08-10 }} on 10 August 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 August</span> 2015</span>.</cite></ref> |Fim din |Daraktan |- |2002 |Cinikin yara da mata - Sabon Bautar <ref name="2014 Jury" /> |Hotuna |Mai gabatarwa, darektan |- |2003 |'Temi ni Toto' |Fim din gida na Yoruba |Mai gabatarwa, darektan |- |2003 |Rashin Muhalli A Najeriya |Hotuna |Mai gabatarwa, darektan |- |2005 |Collage na Al'adu (Japan) |Hotuna |Mai gabatarwa, darektan |- |2005 |Dance Of The Maidens -Auren gargajiya A Najeriya" (Series) <ref name="2014 Jury" /> |Shirye-shiryen Talabijin |Mai gabatarwa, darektan |- |2008 |Aikin Zaman Lafiya |Hotuna |Mai wasan kwaikwayo (Bayani) |- |2010 |Tango With Me <ref name="2014 Jury" /> Kyautar Kyautar Kyauta mafi Kyawu ta [[2012 Nollywood Movies Awards]] |Fim din |Darakta, furodusa, marubuci |- |2013 |Yarinyar Fure <ref name="Mahmood Ali-Balogun">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Ali-Balogun |url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm3123654/ |website=www.imdb.com |publisher=IMDb |ref=9}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="9">[[imdbname:3123654|"Mahmood Ali-Balogun"]]. ''www.imdb.com''. IMDb.</cite></ref> |Wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya |Mai ba da shawara ga fina-finai |- |2022 |Mutumin Allah |Fim din |Mai ba da shawara |- |2024 |Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti |Fim din |Mai ba da shawara |- | | | | |} == Matsayin masana'antu == * memba: Kwamitin Ba da Shawara ga Masana'antar Fim ta Najeriya <ref name="2014 Jury"/> * memba: Kwamitin Ba da Shawara, Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka AMAA * Shugaba: 9th Congress, Federation Panafrican Des Cineates (FEPACI). Afirka ta Kudu, 2013 <ref name="2014 Jury" /> * Shugaban yanzu: Audio Visual Rights Society of Nigeria (AVRS) * Shugaban kafa: Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Masana'antar Wasanni ta Najeriya (NANTAP) <ref name="About The Director"/> * Tsohon Mataimakin Shugaban kasa: Kungiyar Masu Shirye-shiryen Talabijin Masu Zaman Kansu na Najeriya (ITPAN) <ref name="About The Director" /> * Mai ba da shawara: Bikin Fim na Duniya na Toronto, TIFF 2013, Toronto, 2013 * Mai ba da shawara: Bikin Fim na Duniya na Afirka, AFRIFF * Jakadan: Bikin Fim na Nollywood a Paris, 2014 * Jakadan masana'antu: Bikin Fim na Duniya na Afirka (AFRIFF), Calabar, 2013 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Filmmaker Mahmood Ali-Balogun In Paris For Nollywood week |url=http://barasolutions.com/mainGuardian/saturday-magazine/celebrity/164766-filmmaker-mahmood-ali-balogun-in-paris-for-nollywoodweek |access-date=10 August 2015 |website=Guardian News on (barasolutions.com) |ref=12}}</ref> * Jury: 2015 International Emmy Awards <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mo Abudu, Kunle Afolayan, Tunde Kelani, More, As EbonyLife TV Hosts Emmy Awards Judging Event |url=http://onobello.com/mo-abudu-kunle-afolayan-tunde-kelani-more-as-ebonylife-tv-hosts-emmy-awards-judging-event/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150927122120/http://onobello.com/mo-abudu-kunle-afolayan-tunde-kelani-more-as-ebonylife-tv-hosts-emmy-awards-judging-event/ |archive-date=27 September 2015 |access-date=25 August 2015 |website=onobello.com |ref=16}}</ref> * Jury: Bikin Fim na Duniya na Afirka (AFRIFF), Calabar, 2014 <ref name="2014 Jury" /> * Jury: [[Bikin Fina-finai na Duniya Karo na 32 a Alkahira|Bikin Fim na Kasa da Kasa na Alkahira na 32]] (CIFF), * Mai ba da shawara: Bikin Fim na Duniya na Abuja * Jury: Bikin Fim na Duniya na Zuma * memba: Majalisar ba da shawara don bikin fina-finai na Afirka, 2013 * memba: Kwamitin Gudanarwa, Majalisar Hotuna ta Najeriya (MOPICON), 2007 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cannes' Competitive Edge:African film makers' experience |url=http://al-amin-ciroma.blogspot.com/2008/06/cannes-competitive-edgeafrican-film.html |access-date=25 August 2015 |website=Blue-Ribbon'12' |publisher=LEADERSHIP's INTERVAL |ref=17}}</ref> * Wanda ya kafa: Taron Masu Kwarewar Hotuna na Najeriya (CMPPN) == Dubi kuma == * [[Jerin masu shirya fina-finai na Najeriya]] == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1959]] [[Rukuni:Marubutan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 7tnr0j34gdy24w24kxbqj9d2h1iz22n 0 17680 878515 517994 2026-07-07T13:41:59Z Abdulrahman tahir shika 24962 Nayi gyara 878515 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Raj Kapoor 2001 stamp of India.jpg|thumb|raj kapoor]] [[Fayil:Raj Kapoor - ETH Bibliothek Com L15-0265-0008-0003.tif|thumb|Raj kapoor]] [[Fayil:Raj Kapoor 1950.jpg|thumb|Raj Kapoor]] '''Ranbir Raj Kapoor''' (14 Disamba 1924- 2 ga Yunin shekarar 1988) [[Indiya|dan]] fim ne na [[Indiya]], mai shiryawa da kuma darakta kuma jarumi. Ana kallon Kapoor a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manya kuma masu faɗa a ji a cikin masana'antar fina-finan Indiya. Kapoor ya lashe lambobin yabo da yawa. Waɗannan sun haɗa da Lambobin Yabo na Fina-finai guda 3 da Lambobin Yabo na 11 a Indiya. An zaɓi shi sau biyu don lambar yabo ta Palme d'Or a bikin nake ko'ina finafinai na Cannes Film Festival. Ayyukansa a cikin ''Awaara'' an lasafta shi ɗaya daga cikin manyan manyan wasanni goma da mujallar ''Time'' ta yi. Fina-Finan sa sun shahara a duk duniya, musamman a [[Asiya]] da [[Turai]]. An kira shi " Clark Gable na masana'antar fina-finan Indiya". [[Indiya|Gwamnatin Indiya ta]] karrama shi da Padma Bhushan a shekarar 1971. [[File:Raj_Kapoor%27s_statue_at_Bombay%27s_Walk_of_Stars.jpg|200px|right|thumbnail|Mutum-mutumin Raj Kapoor a filin Taurari na Bombay]] == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Kapoor a 1924 ga Prithviraj Kapoor da Ramsarni Devi Kapoor. Iyalan Kapoor sun shahara sosai saboda wasan kwaikwayo da bada umarni a Indiya a cikin masana'antar fim ta indiya. Mahaifin Kapoor, ‘yan’uwansa,’ ya’ya da jikoki sun sami nasarori a matsayin ’yan wasa ko furodusa. Kapoor ya yi fim ɗinsa na farko tun yana dan shekara 10 a duniya. == Ayyuka == Kapoor shi ne babban jarumi a karo na farko a ''Neel Kamal'' (1947). Abokin aikin sa shine Madhubala . A 1947, ya kafa kamfanin fim nasa, RK Films. A shekara 24, ya shirya fim dinsa na farko ''Aag'' . Abokiyar aikin sa ta kasance Nargis. Shi da Nargis sun yi aiki tare a fina-finai 16, sannan 6 daga cikin waɗannan fina finan Kapoor ne ya shirya su. Babbar nasarar da ya samu a matsayin jarumi ita ce a fim din ''Andaz'' wanda Mehboob Khan ya ba da umarni. ''Andaz'' shine fim na biyu mafi yawan kuɗi a 1949. Babban fim ɗin da ya fi samun ''kudi a waccan'' shekarar shi ne ''Barsaat'', wanda shi ma Kapoor ya fito a fim. Ya ci gaba da shiryawa da kuma fitowa a fina-finai da dama da kamfaninsa ya yi da suka hada da ''Awaara'' (1951), ''Shree 420'' (1955), da ''Jagte Raho'' (1956). Fim dinsa mai suna ''Jis Desh Men Ganga Behti Hai'', wanda Radhu Karmakar ya bayar da umarni, ya samu lambar yabo ta Filmfare don Kyakkyawan Fim . Haka kuma Kapoor ya lashe lambar yabo ta Filmfare don fitaccen jarumi a fim din. Fim ɗin kide-kide mai suna ''Sangam'' shine fim dinsa na farko a launi. A shekarar 1970, ya shirya, ya shirya kuma ya fito a fim dinsa ''Mera Naam Joker'' . Fim din ya dauki sama da shekaru shida ana gama shi amma bai samu kudi sosai ba. Daga baya a cikin 1973, fim dinsa ''Bobby'' ya zama fim mafi girma a shekara kuma fim na biyu mafi girma a cikin shekarun 1970 a ofishin akwatin Indiya. Fim din shi ne farkon rawar da ɗan Kapoor, Rishi Kapoor ya jagoranta. [[Fayil:Raj Kapoor Statue In Progress - Kolkata 2017-08-08 4203.JPG|thumb|Raj Kapoor]] Daga baya finafinai da Kapoor ya shirya kuma ya jagoranta sun mai da hankali ne kan halayen mata. Fim din ''Prem Rog'' (1982) tare da Padmini Kolhapure sun sami lambar yabo ta Filmfare don Babban Darakta. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Sauran yanar gizo == * Raj Kapoor on IMDb [[Category:Mutanen Indiya]] [[Category:Mutanen Asiya]] [[Category:Jaruman Finafinan Indiya]] djijjrmw6endhhreqxp38z58j59nwqy 4 21908 878699 878082 2026-07-07T21:27:09Z AmmarBot 13973 Sabunta shafin sabbin editoci 878699 wikitext text/x-wiki Wannan shafin ya na ƙunshe da sabbin editocin da sukayi rajista a Hausa Wikipedia. Robot yana sabunta wannan shafin duk bayan wasu sa'o'i. Kada ku gyara wannan shafin, duk chanjin da akayi, robot zaya yi overwriting din shi a lokacin sabunta shafin. {| class="wikitable sortable" !Numba !Edita !Gudummuwa !Lokacin rajista |- |1 |[[User:THIAGOYPUNTO|THIAGOYPUNTO]] |[[Special:Contributions/THIAGOYPUNTO|Gudummuwa]] |Litinin, 6 ga Yuli 2026 |- |2 |[[User:Munachiso Excel|Munachiso Excel]] |[[Special:Contributions/Munachiso Excel|Gudummuwa]] |Litinin, 6 ga Yuli 2026 |- |3 |[[User:MrGreen105|MrGreen105]] |[[Special:Contributions/MrGreen105|Gudummuwa]] |Talata, 7 ga Yuli 2026 |- |4 |[[User:Sgerbic|Sgerbic]] |[[Special:Contributions/Sgerbic|Gudummuwa]] |Talata, 7 ga Yuli 2026 |- |5 |[[User:Bping1|Bping1]] |[[Special:Contributions/Bping1|Gudummuwa]] |Talata, 7 ga Yuli 2026 |- |6 |[[User:Apsya|Apsya]] |[[Special:Contributions/Apsya|Gudummuwa]] |Talata, 7 ga Yuli 2026 |- |7 |[[User:Youabian Puma|Youabian Puma]] |[[Special:Contributions/Youabian Puma|Gudummuwa]] |Talata, 7 ga Yuli 2026 |- |8 |[[User:Thehmkhamis|Thehmkhamis]] |[[Special:Contributions/Thehmkhamis|Gudummuwa]] |Talata, 7 ga Yuli 2026 |- |9 |[[User:Sempta|Sempta]] |[[Special:Contributions/Sempta|Gudummuwa]] |Talata, 7 ga Yuli 2026 |- |10 |[[User:Rebekahsaysstuff|Rebekahsaysstuff]] |[[Special:Contributions/Rebekahsaysstuff|Gudummuwa]] |Talata, 7 ga Yuli 2026 |- |11 |[[User:Cherubikal|Cherubikal]] |[[Special:Contributions/Cherubikal|Gudummuwa]] |Talata, 7 ga Yuli 2026 |- |12 |[[User:Soundslikesomeonebreakingin|Soundslikesomeonebreakingin]] |[[Special:Contributions/Soundslikesomeonebreakingin|Gudummuwa]] |Talata, 7 ga Yuli 2026 |- |13 |[[User:ClustalX|ClustalX]] |[[Special:Contributions/ClustalX|Gudummuwa]] |Talata, 7 ga Yuli 2026 |- |14 |[[User:Kardin F+|Kardin F+]] |[[Special:Contributions/Kardin F+|Gudummuwa]] |Talata, 7 ga Yuli 2026 |- |15 |[[User:Yoosef Pooranvary|Yoosef Pooranvary]] |[[Special:Contributions/Yoosef Pooranvary|Gudummuwa]] |Talata, 7 ga Yuli 2026 |- |16 |[[User:Siapa109|Siapa109]] |[[Special:Contributions/Siapa109|Gudummuwa]] |Talata, 7 ga Yuli 2026 |- |17 |[[User:Elcarim1|Elcarim1]] |[[Special:Contributions/Elcarim1|Gudummuwa]] |Talata, 7 ga Yuli 2026 |- |18 |[[User:The Miss GEE|The Miss GEE]] |[[Special:Contributions/The Miss GEE|Gudummuwa]] |Talata, 7 ga Yuli 2026 |- |19 |[[User:Abdulmusasoba|Abdulmusasoba]] |[[Special:Contributions/Abdulmusasoba|Gudummuwa]] |Talata, 7 ga Yuli 2026 |- |20 |[[User:Epistularum|Epistularum]] |[[Special:Contributions/Epistularum|Gudummuwa]] |Talata, 7 ga Yuli 2026 |- |21 |[[User:LordMastos|LordMastos]] |[[Special:Contributions/LordMastos|Gudummuwa]] |Talata, 7 ga Yuli 2026 |- |22 |[[User:A.Yankara|A.Yankara]] |[[Special:Contributions/A.Yankara|Gudummuwa]] |Talata, 7 ga Yuli 2026 |- |23 |[[User:Tomshoewiki|Tomshoewiki]] |[[Special:Contributions/Tomshoewiki|Gudummuwa]] |Talata, 7 ga Yuli 2026 |- |} i18103fvdfhauvqduj2cbewb6l3f8id 0 22395 878770 670538 2026-07-08T04:24:42Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878770 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Infobox ethnic group}}{{Infobox ethnic group}}  '''Mai neman mafaka''' shine mutumin da ya bar ƙasar da yake zaune, ya shiga wata ƙasa, kuma ya yi a cikin wannan ƙasar aikace-aikacen doka don haƙƙin mafaka bisa ga Universal Declaration of Human Rights Mataki na 14. Mutum yana riƙe da matsayin mai neman mafaka har sai an kammala haƙƙin neman mafaka. Hukumomin shige da fice masu dacewa na ƙasar mafaka sun ƙayyade ko za a ba mai neman mafaka damar kariya ko kuma za a ƙi mafaka kuma mai neman mafaki ya zama Baƙo ba bisa ka'ida ba wanda za a iya tambayarsa ya bar ƙasar kuma ana iya fitar da shi daidai da rashin mayar da hankali. Wadanda suka sanya hannu kan sanarwar kare hakkin dan adam ta duniya sun kirkiro nasu manufofi don tantance matsayin kariya na masu neman mafaka, kuma yawan masu neman mafakar da aka karɓa ko aka ƙi ya bambanta kowace shekara daga ƙasa zuwa ƙasa. Mai neman mafaka za a iya gane shi a lokaci guda a [[Ƴan gudun hijira|Matsayin 'yan gudun hijira]] <ref name="Horning, A. 2020 390–415">{{Cite journal |last=Horning, A. |date=2020 |title=Double-edged risk: unaccompanied minor refugees (UMRs) in Sweden and their search for safety. |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/342153928 |journal=Journal of Refugee Studies |volume=33 |issue=2 |pages=390–415 |doi=10.1093/jrs/feaa034 |access-date=2020-09-27}}</ref> kuma a bashi matsayin ɗan gudun gudun hijira idan yanayinsu ya fada cikin ma'anar ɗan gudun hijirar bisa ga Yarjejeniyar da ta shafi Matsayin [[Ƴan gudun hijira|'yan gudun hijira]] <ref name="Horning, A. 2020 390–415" /> ko dokokin' yan gudun hijira masu amfani da yankin - kamar [[Yarjejeniyar Turai kan Haƙƙin Dan Adam|Yarjejeniyar Turai kan 'Yancin Dan Adam]], idan a cikin [[Tarayyar Turai]]. Kalmomin ''Mai neman mafaka'', ''<nowiki/>'yan gudun hijira'' da ''Baƙo ba bisa ka'ida ba'' sau da yawa suna rikicewa. A cikin Turanci na Arewacin Amurka, ana amfani da kalmar '''asylee''' don mai neman mafaka, kamar yadda aka bayyana a sama, da kuma mutumin da aka ba shi damar mafaka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Asylee Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/asylee}}</ref> == Gidan mafaka da kariya == Hakkin mafaka bisa ga Mataki na 14 na Universal Declaration of Human Rights: {{Blockquote|text=1. Everyone has the right to seek and to enjoy in other countries asylum from persecution. 2. This right may not be invoked in the case of prosecutions genuinely arising from non-political crimes or from acts contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations.|multiline=yes|source=[https://www.un.org/en/about-us/universal-declaration-of-human-rights Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Article 14]}} Masu neman mafaka waɗanda suka aikata laifuka game da zaman lafiya, laifukan yaki ko laifuka akan bil'adama, ko wasu laifuka marasa siyasa, ko kuma ayyukansu sun saba wa manufofi da ka'idodin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, an cire su daga kariya ta duniya. Wannan haƙƙin mafaka an haɗa shi a cikin Yarjejeniyar shekarar 1951 da ta shafi Matsayin 'Yan Gudun Hijira da Yarjejeniyar 1967 da ta shafi Yanayin' Yan Gudun Hijiri. <ref name="Convention1967" /> Ya zuwa 1 ga Watan Yulin Shekarar 2013, akwai jam'iyyun 145 zuwa Yarjejeniyar 'yan gudun hijira ta shekarar 1951 da 146 zuwa Yarjejeniya ta shekarar 1967. Wadannan jihohin suna da alhakin a karkashin dokar kasa da kasa don ba da mafaka ga mutanen da suka fada cikin ma'anar Yarjejeniya da Yarjejeniya. Mutanen da ba su fada cikin wannan ma'anar ba har yanzu ana iya ba su 'yan gudun hijira bisa ga ma'anar 'yan gudun gudun hijira na Yarjejeniyar 1951 da ke da alaƙa da matsayin' yan gudun hijira da kuma mutanen da suka fada cikin wannan bayanin ana kiransu 'yan gudun bude ido na Yarjejeniya kuma ana kiransu matsayin' yancin Yarjejeniya.<ref name="Convention1967">{{Cite web |title=Convention and Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees, 1967 |url=http://www.unhcr.org/3b66c2aa10.html}}</ref> Hanyoyin kariya sun wanzu dangane da ƙasar idan mutumin ya fada cikin wasu ma'anar 'yan gudun hijira. Tabbatar da ko mutum ya sami damar mafaka ko a'a galibi ana barin shi ga wasu [[Government agency|Hukumomin gwamnati]] a cikin ƙasar da ke karɓar bakuncin. A wasu ƙasashe [[United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees|UNHCR]].org/refugee-status-determination.html" id="mwbg" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">ƙudurin matsayin 'yan gudun hijira (RSD) ana yin sa ne ta hanyar UNHCR. Nauyin tabbatar da da'awar mafaka ya ta'allaka ne ga mai nema, wanda dole ne ya tabbatar da cewa sun cancanci kariya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Asylum Policy Instruction: Assessing credibility and refugee status |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/397778/ASSESSING_CREDIBILITY_AND_REFUGEE_STATUS_V9_0.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160312090850/https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/397778/ASSESSING_CREDIBILITY_AND_REFUGEE_STATUS_V9_0.pdf |archive-date=March 12, 2016 |access-date=August 31, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Assessment of Credibility in Claims for Refugee Protection - Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada |url=http://www.irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/BoaCom/references/LegJur/Pages/Credib.aspx |access-date=2016-07-16 |publisher=Irb-cisr.gc.ca}}</ref> A kasashe da yawa, jami'an ƙaura suna amfani da bayanan asalin ƙasar a matsayin wani ɓangare na kimanta da'awar mafaka, kuma gwamnatoci suna ba da bincike game da daidaito na rahotannin ƙasarsu. Wasu ƙasashe sun yi nazarin ƙin yarda da jami'an ƙaura da ke yanke shawara, suna gano cewa mutane sun ƙi masu neman fiye da wasu da ke tantance irin waɗannan shari'o'in - kuma ana buƙatar jami'an ƙura su daidaita dalilan karɓar ko ƙin da'awar, don haka shawarar mai yanke hukunci ɗaya ya dace da abin da abokan aikinsu suka yanke shawara.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-12-19 |title=Improving consistency in decision-making |url=http://www.alrc.gov.au/publications/22-refugee-law/improving-consistency-decision-making |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222110554/http://www.alrc.gov.au/publications/22-refugee-law/improving-consistency-decision-making |archive-date=22 December 2015 |access-date=2015-12-18 |publisher=ALRC}}</ref> === Matsayi na kariya === Kariya ta ta tallafi kariya ce ta kasa da kasa ga mutanen da ke neman mafaka waɗanda ba su cancanci zama 'yan gudun hijira ba. Wani zaɓi ne don samun mafaka ga waɗanda ba su da tsoratar da tsanantawa (wanda ake buƙata don matsayin 'yan gudun hijira bisa ga Yarjejeniyar shekarar 1951), amma da gaske suna da haɗari mai yawa don a azabtar da su ko kuma mummunar lahani idan aka mayar da su ƙasarsu ta asali, saboda dalilai da suka haɗa da yaƙi, tashin hankali, rikici da cin zarafin haƙƙin ɗan adam. Sanarwar Universal Declaration of Human Rights da dokar Tarayyar Turai suna da ma'anar wanda ya cancanci samun mafaka. === Visa na kariya na wucin gadi === Ana amfani da Visa na kariya na wucin gadi ga mutanen da ke Ostiraliya waɗanda suka nemi matsayin 'yan gudun hijira bayan sun isa ba tare da izini ba. Wannan shine babban nau'in biza da aka bayar ga 'yan gudun hijira lokacin da aka sake su daga wuraren tsare shige da fice na Australiya kuma ana buƙatar su sake yin amfani da shi kowane shekaru uku. == Kididdigar yanke shawara na mafaka == A cikin shekaru 20 da suka gabata yawan mutanen da ke neman mafaka a kowace shekara ya bambanta tsakanin miliyan 0.6 da 2.8. <ref name="statistics" /> Sakamakon aikace-aikacen mafaka 2000-2023 bisa ga UNHCR: {{Sticky header}} {| class="wikitable sortable sticky-header" !Shekara !Jimillar !An ba da mafaka !Sauran Karewa !An ƙi su !In ba haka ba rufe |- |2023 |2,498,303 |612,908 |210,910 |581,725 |1,092,760 |- |2022 |2,057,838 |535,551 |181,210 |584,481 |756,596 |- |2021 |1,422,047 |381,074 |114,406 |528,552 |398,015 |- |2020 |1,381,088 |350,791 |108,794 |542,999 |379,044 |- |2019 |1,730,880 |446,842 |123,555 |664,540 |494,663 |- |2018 |1,647,261 |351,123 |148,849 |633,046 |514,242 |- |2017 |2,006,176 |483,885 |248,316 |753,286 |520,689 |- |2016 |2,844,805 |564,859 |335,016 |604,795 |1,340,135 |- |2015 |1,647,628 |443,658 |237,475 |500,805 |465,690 |- |2014 |1,393,642 |277,959 |336,783 |429,690 |349,210 |- |2013 |880,516 |213,642 |72,597 |375,408 |218,869 |- |2012 |913,275 |210,828 |50,902 |436,913 |204,849 |- |2011 |768,675 |172,467 |43,714 |359,759 |192,043 |- |2010 |730,596 |174,983 |47,676 |355,271 |152,667 |- |2009 |762,119 |229,008 |50,615 |321,589 |161,411 |- |2008 |706,269 |156,297 |63,889 |325,688 |154,869 |- |2007 |644,001 |149,460 |60,051 |260,306 |174,206 |- |2006 |692,537 |141,358 |50,711 |306,655 |193,757 |- |2005 |829,228 |153,057 |51,197 |361,864 |263,110 |- |2004 |891,175 |128,182 |51,212 |445,057 |266,665 |- |2003 |1,002,084 |146,358 |49,099 |522,096 |285,406 |- |2002 |1,010,251 |161,926 |62,105 |524,552 |261,728 |- |2001 |946,486 |169,283 |79,652 |452,180 |245,155 |- |2000 |1,090,296 |203,350 |93,392 |543,111 |249,475 |} kashi na mata tsakanin masu neman mafaka zuwa Turai daga shekarar ta 2008 zuwa shekarar 2018 ya kasance 31%, wanda za'a iya bayyana shi ta hanyar dalilai ciki har da Rashin daidaito tsakanin jinsi a asalin ƙasar da kuma karfafa tattalin arziki.<ref name="b245">{{Cite journal |last=Schiele |first=Maximilian |date=12 January 2024 |title=The Role of Gender in Asylum Migration to Europe: Analyzing Country-Level Factors of Gendered Selection of Asylum Seekers to Europe |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/15562948.2023.2298515?needAccess=true |journal=Journal of Immigrant & Refugee Studies |pages=1–16 |doi=10.1080/15562948.2023.2298515 |issn=1556-2948 |url-access=subscription |access-date=19 January 2025 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Hanyoyin ƙaddamar da matsayi ==   === Ƙaddamar da rukuni === Ana iya ba masu neman mafaka matsayin 'yan gudun hijira a kan rukuni. 'Yan gudun hijira da suka shiga cikin ƙaddamar da matsayin rukuni ana kiransu' yan gudun hijira na farko. Ana yin wannan a cikin yanayi lokacin da dalilan neman matsayin 'yan gudun hijira gabaɗaya sanannu ne kuma kimantawar mutum zai mamaye ikon masu tantancewa. Ana iya yin ƙuduri na rukuni a cikin jihohin da ba wai kawai sun yarda da ma'anar 'yan gudun hijira na Yarjejeniyar shekarar 1951 ba, har ma suna amfani da ma'aunin' yan gudun hijira wanda ya haɗa da mutanen da ke tserewa ba tare da nuna bambanci ba ko tashin hankali, waɗanda ba a rufe su a Yarjejeniyar shekarar 1951. <ref name="UN11">{{Cite web |title=UNHCR Resettlement Handbook, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, 2011, page 19 |url=http://www.unhcr.org/46f7c0ee2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141003162636/http://www.unhcr.org/46f7c0ee2.pdf |archive-date=2014-10-03}}</ref> === Binciken mutum === Ga mutanen da ba su shigo kasar a matsayin wani ɓangare na babban rukuni ba, ana gudanar da tambayoyin mafaka don tabbatar da ko mutumin yana da isasshen dalilai na neman mafaka. A halin yanzu, adadi mai yawa na masu neman mafaka suna buƙatar gwamnatoci don samar da tsarin ilmantarwa na inji don taimakawa masu neman mafakar da jami'an shige da fice wajen yin kimantawa mai kyau da adalci.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=McNamara |first=Robert G |last2=Tikka |first2=Pia |date=2023 |title=Well-Founded Fear of Algorithms or Algorithms of Well-Founded Fear? Hybrid Intelligence in Automated Asylum Seeker Interviews |url=https://academic.oup.com/jrs/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/jrs/feac067/6987892 |journal=Journal of Refugee Studies |volume=36 |issue=2 |pages=238–270 |doi=10.1093/jrs/feac067 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> A kasashe da yawa, masu neman mafaka na iya kalubalantar kin amincewa ta hanyar kaluballaki shawarar a kotun ko kwamitin sake dubawa na ƙaura. A cikin Ƙasar Ingila, fiye da ɗaya daga cikin yanke shawara huɗu don ƙin kariya ga masu neman mafaka alƙalai ne suka karkatar da su. == Hakkin masu neman mafaka == Whilst waiting for a decision asylum seekers have limited rights in the country of asylum. In most countries they are not allowed to work and in some countries not even to volunteer. In some countries they are not allowed to [['Yanci na motsi|move freely]] within the country.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2021}}<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2021)">citation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> Even access to health care is limited. In the European Union, those who have yet to be granted official status as [[Ƴan gudun hijira|refugees]] and are still within the asylum process have some restricted rights to healthcare access.<ref name="tone2">{{Cite journal |last=Schneider |first=C. |last2=Joos |first2=S. |last3=Bozorgmehr |first3=K. |year=2015 |title=Disparities in health and access to healthcare between asylum seekers and residents in Germany: a population-based cross-sectional feasibility study |journal=BMJ Open |volume=5 |issue=11 |pages=e008784 |doi=10.1136/bmjopen-2015-008784 |pmc=4636623 |pmid=26537498}}</ref> This includes access to medical and psychological care.<ref name="tone2" /> However, these may vary depending on the host country. For instance, under the Asylum Seekers Benefits Act (''Asylbewerberleistungsgesetz'') in Germany, asylum seekers are outside [[Kulawa na farko|primary care]] and are limited to emergency health care, vaccinations, pregnancy and childbirth with limitations on specialty care.<ref name="tone2" /> Asylum seekers have greater chance of experiencing unmet health needs as compared to the general German population. Asylum seekers also have greater odds of hospital admissions and at least one visit to a psychotherapist relative to the German general population.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2021}} == Damuwa a cikin hanyoyin neman mafaka == Bincike ya nuna cewa hadin gwiwar bangarori yana da mahimmanci don taimakawa 'yan gudun hijira da masu neman mafaka su sake zama da kuma shiga cikin al'ummomin karɓar, wuraren aiki da makarantu.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Lee |first=Eun Su |last2=Szkudlarek |first2=Betina |last3=Nguyen |first3=Duc Cuong |last4=Nardon |first4=Luciara |date=April 2020 |title=Unveiling the Canvas Ceiling : A Multidisciplinary Literature Review of Refugee Employment and Workforce Integration |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ijmr.12222 |journal=International Journal of Management Reviews |language=en |volume=22 |issue=2 |pages=193–216 |doi=10.1111/ijmr.12222 |issn=1460-8545 |s2cid=216204168 |url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|journal=Lucy}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Szkudlarek |first=Betina |last2=Nardon |first2=Luciara |last3=Osland |first3=Joyce S. |last4=Adler |first4=Nancy J. |last5=Lee |first5=Eun Su |date=August 2021 |title=When Context Matters: What Happens to International Theory When Researchers Study Refugees |url=http://journals.aom.org/doi/10.5465/amp.2018.0150 |journal=Academy of Management Perspectives |language=en |volume=35 |issue=3 |pages=461–484 |doi=10.5465/amp.2018.0150 |issn=1558-9080 |url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Lee |first=Eun Su |last2=Szkudlarek |first2=Betina |date=2021-04-14 |title=Refugee employment support: The HRM–CSR nexus and stakeholder co-dependency |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1748-8583.12352 |journal=Human Resource Management Journal |language=en |volume=31 |issue=4 |pages=1748–8583.12352 |doi=10.1111/1748-8583.12352 |issn=0954-5395 |s2cid=234855263 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Kungiyoyin da ba na gwamnati ba da ke damuwa da 'Yan gudun hijira da masu neman mafaka sun nuna matsaloli ga mutanen da suka rasa muhallinsu don neman mafaka a kasashe masu masana'antu. Kamar yadda Manufofin shige da fice a kasashe da yawa galibi suna mai da hankali kan yaki da shige da shige a kan doka da kuma karfafa kula da kan iyaka, yana hana mutanen da suka rasa muhallinsu daga shiga yankin da za su iya gabatar da ikirarin mafaka. Rashin damar samun damar shiga hanyoyin mafaka bisa doka na iya tilasta wa mutanen da suka rasa muhallinsu su yi ƙoƙari masu tsada da haɗari a shigar da su ba bisa ka'ida ba. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, jama'a da masu tsara manufofi na ƙasashe da yawa suna mai da hankali kan' yan gudun hijira da suka isa ta hanyar sake zama na ƙasashe na uku kuma suna ba da hankali ga masu neman mafaka da waɗanda aka riga aka ba su matsayin 'yan gudun hijira amma ba su zo ta hanyar sake komawa ba. Har ma an kira masu neman mafaka 'masu tsalle-tsalle', saboda ba su jira damar da za a sake su ba. Ana ba da masu fassara na shari'a don taimakawa masu neman mafaka a duk lokacin tambayoyin da kuma shari'ar kotu. Wadannan masu fassara na shari'a suna nuna horar da suka samu a cikin shirin horar da aka tabbatar da su. Daidaitawar fassarar shari'a na iya bambanta dangane da horar da aka karɓa daga mai fassara da kuma yiwuwar son zuciya da suke ɗauka suna zuwa cikin zaman fassara. Rashin horo a cikin saitunan mafaka na iya rinjayar zaman fassara.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Keselman |first=Olga |display-authors=etal |date=2008 |title=Mediated communication with minors in asylum-seeking hearings. |url=https://doi.org/10.1093/jrs/fem051 |journal=Journal of Refugee Studies |volume=21 |pages=103–116 |doi=10.1093/jrs/fem051 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Ingancin rayuwa masu neman mafaka da 'yan gudun hijira yana da alaƙa sosai da yanayin lafiyar kwakwalwa. Kasancewar cututtukan kwakwalwa kamar baƙin ciki ko PTSD galibi saboda tilasta ƙaura da sake zama a cikin ƙasashe masu karɓar bakuncin.<ref name="PMC_7473035">{{Cite journal |last=van der Boor |first=Catharina F. |last2=Amos |first2=Rebekah |last3=Nevitt |first3=Sarah |last4=Dowrick |first4=Christopher |last5=White |first5=Ross G. |year=2020 |title=Systematic review of factors associated with quality of life of asylum seekers and refugees in high-income countries |journal=Conflict and Health |volume=14 |issue=14 |page=48 |doi=10.1080/20008198.2020.1771008 |issn=1752-1505 |oclc=8653932484 |pmc=7473035 |pmid=32699551}}</ref> === Kalubale a cikin Sanya Trauma da Kwarewa === Masu neman mafaka suna fuskantar manyan kalubale wajen isar da [[Raunin kwakwalwa|Abubuwan da suka faru]] a lokacin aikace-aikacen neman mafaka. Wani cikakken binciken da Sarah C. Bishop ta yi, yana nazarin sadarwa ba tare da magana ba a cikin tambayoyin mafaka da sauraron Amurka, ya nuna abubuwa masu mahimmanci da yawa da ke tasiri ga ikon masu neman mafaka don bayyana labarinsu.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=Bishop |first=Sarah C. |date=2022-04-03 |title="What does a torture survivor look like?" Nonverbal communication in US asylum interviews and hearings |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17513057.2021.1881146 |journal=Journal of International and Intercultural Communication |language=en |volume=15 |issue=2 |pages=185–203 |doi=10.1080/17513057.2021.1881146 |issn=1751-3057 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Binciken ya jaddada rikitarwa na labaran masu neman mafaka, sau da yawa ana tsara su ta hanyar damuwa da kuma buƙatar ba da labarin abubuwan da suka faru a cikin tsananin lokaci. Wannan matsin yana ba da gudummawa ga rarraba labarin. Wannan shari'ar tana haifar da matsaloli wajen gabatar da labarin abubuwan da suka faru.<ref name=":1"/> Shingen harshe ya kara kara tsananta waɗannan ƙalubalen. Bambancin harshe na masu neman mafaka da damuwa yayin tambayoyin sun hana ikon su bayyana abubuwan da suka faru daidai. Rashin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da ke haifar da damuwa yana ba da gudummawa da ba cikakke ba ko ba a bi da labari ba, yana shafar inganci da daidaituwa na labarun su.<ref name=":1"/> Bugu da ƙari, binciken ya shiga cikin rikice-rikice na sadarwa, musamman game da hulɗar ido da amintacce a cikin sauraron mafaka. Bambance-bambance na al'adu a cikin hulɗar ido suna tasiri ga kimantawa, wanda zai iya haifar da kuskuren fassarar ma'aikatan shige da fice. Bambancin tsammanin al'adu yana tasiri ga kimantawar amincin masu neman mafaka, wanda zai iya shafar sakamakon da'awar su.<ref name=":1"/> === Kashewa === Because asylum seekers often have to wait for months or years for the results of their asylum applications and because they are usually not allowed to work and only receive minimal or no financial support, destitution is a considerable risk.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2021}}<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2021)">citation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> Masu neman mafaka yawanci suna samun wani irin tallafi daga gwamnatoci yayin da ake aiwatar da aikace-aikacen su. Koyaya, a wasu ƙasashe wannan tallafin ya ƙare nan da nan da zarar an ba su matsayin 'yan gudun hijira. Amma gaskiyar cewa an ba su matsayin 'yan gudun hijira ba yana nufin cewa an riga an ba su duk takardun da suke bukata don fara sabon rayuwarsu ba.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-05-07 |title=New refugees face homelessness and destitution |url=http://www.refugeecouncil.org.uk/latest/news/4076_new_refugees_face_homelessness_and_destitution |access-date=2016-07-16 |website=Refugeecouncil.org.uk}}</ref> Lokaci mai tsawo na jira yana rage yiwuwar samun aiki da haɗin gwiwar 'yan gudun hijira.<ref name="PMC_7473035"/> === Hutu === Masu neman mafaka da ke hutu a ƙasarsu an yi jayayya a matsayin dalilin ƙin mafaka.<ref name="v157">{{Cite web |last=Salameh |first=Khaled |date=11 September 2017 |title=Do refugees travel to their home countries on vacation? – DW – 09/11/2017 |url=https://www.dw.com/en/do-refugees-travel-to-their-home-countries-on-vacation/a-40443562 |access-date=15 August 2024 |website=dw.com}}</ref> === Bayyanawa === Rashin takardun shaida ko rikice-rikice na ainihi na iya sa nuna tsanantawa don haƙƙin mafaka ya fi rikitarwa.<ref name="v426">{{Cite journal |last=Griffiths |first=Melanie |date=21 June 2012 |title=Anonymous Aliens? Questions of Identification in the Detention and Deportation of Failed Asylum Seekers |journal=Population, Space and Place |volume=18 |issue=6 |pages=715–727 |doi=10.1002/psp.1723 |issn=1544-8444}}</ref> == Ƙin mafaka == Sau da yawa yakan faru cewa kasar ba ta amince da [[Ƴan gudun hijira|Matsayin 'yan gudun hijira]] na masu neman mafaka ba kuma ba ta gan su a matsayin' yan gudun hijira ba bisa ka'ida ba kuma ta haka ne ta bi da su a matsayin baƙi ba bisa ka-ida ba. Idan an ki amincewa da ikirarin mafaka, an ce mai neman mafaka ya ki amincewa kuma ya kira mai neman mafaki wanda ya gaza. Wasu masu neman mafaka da suka kasa Komawa gida da son rai. Dangane da ƙasar, ana ba da izinin masu neman mafaka da suka gaza su kasance na ɗan lokaci ko kuma a tilasta su dawo da su daidai da rashin mayar da su. Sau da yawa ana sanya su a tsare shige da fice kafin a kore su. == Dokar mafaka da 'yan gudun hijira ta hanyar iko == {| class="wikitable" !Ikon iko !Labari !Dokoki / yarjejeniyoyi na baya da na yanzu !Kungiyoyi da shirye-shiryen da suka danganci !Abubuwan da suka shafi da mutane |- |{{Flag|African Union}} | | * [[Ƙungiyar Yarjejeniyar haɗin kan Afirka da ke Gudanar da Takamaiman Batutuwan Ƴan Gudun Hijira a Afirka|Yarjejeniyar da ke Gudanar da Takamaiman Batutuwan Matsalolin 'Yan Gudun Hijira a Afirka]] * Taron Kampala |Ranar 'Yan Gudun Hijira ta Afirka | |- |{{Flag|Australia}} |Gidan mafaka a Ostiraliya | |Cibiyar Binciken Masu Gida | |- |{{Flag|Albania}} | | | |Gidan mafaka na Uyghur a Albania |- |{{Flag|Azerbaijan}} |'Yan gudun hijira a Azerbaijan | | | |- |{{Flag|Brazil}} | | | * Kwamitin Kasa na 'Yan Gudun Hijira ({{Interlanguage link|Comitê Nacional para os Refugiados|pt|Comitê Nacional para os Refugiados}} [pt], CONARE) | |- |{{Flag|Canada}} |Gidan mafaka a Kanada | * ''Dokar Shige da Fice da Kare 'Yan Gudun Hijira'' * Yarjejeniyar Kasar Uku ta Kasar Kanada da Amurka | * Shige da Fice, 'Yan Gudun Hijira da' Yan kasa Kanada * Hukumar Shige da Fice da 'Yan Gudun Hijira ta Kanada |Masu neman mafaka na Hong Kong a Kanada |- |{{Flag|China}}<small> (ciki har da ) {{Flag|Hong Kong}}</small> |'Yan gudun hijira a Hong Kong | |Cibiyar Shari'a Hong Kong |Zouxian |- |{{Flag|Cuba}} | | | |'Yan gudun hijirar Amurka a Cuba |- |{{Flag|Denmark}} | | | * Cibiyar Sandholm * Majalisar 'yan gudun hijira ta Denmark | |- |{{Flag|European Union}} |Gidan mafaka a Tarayyar Turai | * Dokar Dublin * Yarjejeniyar Jama'a ta Turai * <nowiki><i id="mwAnE">Umurnin Yanayin Karɓar Baƙi</i></nowiki>, 2003 * Shirin Manufofin kan Gida, 2008 * Yarjejeniyar Turai kan Shige da Fice da Mazauta, 2008 * <nowiki><i id="mwAng">Umurnin Hanyar Gudanar da Tsaro</i></nowiki>, 2013 | * Ofishin Taimako na Turai * Tsarin Nazarin Gidajen Turai * Asusun mafaka, ƙaura da haɗin kai * Yurodac * Majalisar Tarayyar Turai kan 'Yan Gudun Hijira da' Yan gudun hijira ** Bayanan Turai akan Dokar Gudun Hijira <ref>{{Cite web |title=EDAL &#124; European Database of Asylum Law |url=http://www.asylumlawdatabase.eu/en |access-date=2025-07-24 |archive-date=2022-12-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221202235414/https://www.asylumlawdatabase.eu/en |url-status=dead }}</ref> |Rikicin 'yan gudun hijira na Turai |- |{{Flag|Finland}} | | |Majalisar 'yan gudun hijira ta Finland |Shige da fice zuwa Finland |- |{{Flag|France}} |Gidan mafaka a Faransa | * Dokar Shiga da Gida na Baƙi da na Hakkin Gida * Dokar shige da fice da haɗin kai, 2006 * Dokar kula da shige da fice, hadewa da mafaka, 2007 | * ''Faransa ƙasar mafaka'' * ''[[Hakkin Neman Mafaka|Ofishin kare 'yan gudun hijira da marasa galihu na Faransa]]'' (OFPRA; Ofishin kare' yan gudun hijira | |- |{{Flag|Germany}} |[[Matsakaici a Jamus|Gidan mafaka a Jamus]] | | * Albert Einstein Asusun Gudanar da 'Yan Gudun Hijira na Jamus (wanda UNHCR ta bayar) * Pro mafaka | |- |{{Flag|Greece}} | | | * METAdrasi * Kungiyar Ceto ta Helenanci |2016 Hadarin mafaka na soja na Turkiyya a Girka |- |{{Flag|India}} |'Yan gudun hijira a Indiya | | * Shirin Gudun Hijira da Gida * Wakilin UNHCR a Indiya | |- |{{Flag|Ireland}} | | | * Doras * Majalisar 'yan gudun hijira ta Irish * Yunkurin Masu Neman Gida a Ireland * Nasc * [[Sanctuary Runners|Masu Gudun Wuri Mai Tsarki]] | * Bulelani Mfaco * Lucky Khambule |- |{{Flag|Israel}} |Manufofin Isra'ila ga 'yan gudun hijirar Afirka wadanda ba Yahudawa ba | | | * Usumain Baraka * Eduard Stavytsky * Payam Feili |- |[[Latin America|Latin Amurka]]  | |Sanarwar Cartagena game da 'yan gudun hijira | | |- |{{Flag|Middle East}} | | | * Hukumar Taimako da Ayyuka ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya don 'Yan Gudun Hijira * Haɗin kai Najdeh | |- |{{Flag|New Zealand}} |'Yan gudun hijira a New Zealand | |Hukumar daukaka kara ta 'yan gudun hijira | |- |{{Flag|Norway}} |'Yan gudun hijira a Norway | |[[Hukumar Kula Da Ƴan Gudun Hijira Ta Norway|Majalisar 'yan gudun hijira ta Norway]] |Rafał Gaweł |- |{{Flag|Russia}}<small> (ciki har da ) {{Flag|Soviet Union}}</small> |'Yan gudun hijira da mafaka a Rasha | | |Edward Lee Howard |- |{{Flag|South Korea}} |'Yan gudun hijira a Koriya ta Kudu | | |'Yan gudun hijira a tsibirin Jeju |- |{{Flag|Switzerland}} | | | * Ku sani kuma ku raba * UniRef | |- |{{Flag|UK}} |Gidan mafaka a Burtaniya | * <nowiki><i id="mwA2A">Dokar Maido da Poland</i></nowiki>, 1947 * Dokar Kasa, Shige da Fice da Mazauta, 2002 * <nowiki><i id="mwA2Y">Dokar mafaka da Shige da Fice (Jima'i ga Masu nema, da dai sauransu) </i></nowiki> Dokar, 2004 * <nowiki><i id="mwA2k">Dokar iyakokin Burtaniya</i></nowiki>, 2007 | * Kotun Gudanarwa da Shige da Fice * Haɗin gwiwar Taimako na Gidajen * Majalisar 'yan gudun hijira * Majalisar 'yan gudun hijira ta Scotland * Haɗin kai * Majalisar 'Yan Gudun Hijira ta Welsh |Yahudawa suna tserewa zuwa Ƙasar Ingila |- |{{Flag|UN}}<small> (ciki har da League of Nations) {{Flag|League of Nations}}</small> | | * <nowiki><i id="mwA4Y">Yarjejeniyar da ta shafi Matsayin 'Yan Gudun Hijira</i></nowiki>, 1951 * <nowiki><i id="mwA4k">Yarjejeniyar da ta shafi Matsayin 'Yan Gudun Hijira</i></nowiki>, 1967 |Ƙungiyoyin: Babban Kwamishinan Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na 'Yan Gudun Hijira (UNHCR) Ƙungiyar 'Yan Gudanarwa ta Duniya UNHCR Ambassador Ƙungiyar 'Yar Gudun Hijiri Ofishin Majalisar Dinkin Gudun Hijir Nansen Ofishin 'Yan Gudunar Hijira Rubuce-rubuce: Takardun: shaidar shaidar 'Yan Gudunin Gudun Hijari Takaddun Hijira Takaddun Gudun Hijuri / matakai: Ranarwa ta duniya Kyautar 'Yan Gudunata Nansen * Ranar 'Yan Gudun Hijira ta Duniya * Kyautar 'Yan Gudun Hijira ta Nansen | |- |{{Flag|US}} |Gidan mafaka a Amurka | * <nowiki><i id="mwA7I">Dokar Shige da Fice da Kasa</i></nowiki>, 1952 * Dokar Gudanar da Shige da Fice da Taimako ga 'Yan Gudun Hijira, 1962 * <nowiki><i id="mwA7g">Dokar Shige da Fice da Kasa</i></nowiki>, 1965 * <nowiki><i id="mwA7s">Dokar 'Yan Gudun Hijira ta Amurka</i></nowiki>, 1980 * <nowiki><i id="mwA74">Dokar Shige da Fice</i></nowiki>, 1990 * Yarjejeniyar Kasar Uku ta Kasar Kanada da Amurka | * Shige da Fice da Sabis * Ayyukan 'yan ƙasa da Shige da Fice na Amurka (USCIS) |Ayyuka Bayar da Ta'aziyya |} == Dubi kuma == * Gidan mafaka na coci * Dokar Wutar, Dokar Gudanar da Gudanar da Ƙasar Netherlands * Rashin fitarwa * Mutumin da ya rasa muhallinsa a cikin gida * Gudun da aka tilasta a cikin al'adun gargajiya * Haɗin baƙi * Ayyukan 'yan gudun hijira * Takardar shaidar 'yan gudun hijira * Ruwanda na 'yan gudun hijira * Birnin Wuri Mai Tsarki * Rashin kasa * [[Masu neman mafakar maza- mata|Masu neman mafaka na transgender]] === Ƙungiyoyin da suka danganci === * Kungiyar 'Yan Gudun Hijira da Shige da Fice * [[Amnesty International]] * [[Kungiyar Agaji Ta Red Cross Ta Duniya|Kwamitin Red Cross na Duniya]] * Cibiyar Tsaro ta Duniya * Babban Kwamishinan Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na 'Yan Gudun Hijira == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} === Bayani === {{Reflist|35-em}} == Ƙarin karantawa == * Hatton, Timothy J. 2020. "Migration na mafaka zuwa Kasashen da suka Ci gaba: Tsanantawa, Ƙarfafawa, da Manufofin". Journal of Economic Perspectives 34 (1):75-93. {{Asylumaustralia|state=collapsed}}{{Authority control}} [[Rukuni:Ƴancin Ɗan Adam]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] cs76czovi8pyjdamudcb1ykgdvsapni 0 22414 878591 281941 2026-07-07T15:22:11Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878591 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Lada''' shine albashi ko wani biyan diyya wanda aka bayar domin musanyan ''aiyukan'' ma'aikaci (kar a rude shi da bayarwa (kyauta), ko bayarwa, ko aikin bayarwa). <ref>[http://www.wordreference.com/definition/remuneration remuneration – WordReference.com Dictionary of English]{{Dead link|date=July 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Yawancin fa'idodi masu kari ban da biya suna da karancin tsarin biyan albashi.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=November 2016}} albashin ne daya bangaren na lada management . Kuma a cikin Burtaniya kuma tana iya komawa zuwa rarrabaccen kasar na ribar da aka danganta ga membobi a cikin gungiyar Kawancen Iya Dogara (LLP). == Iri == Albashi zai iya hadawa da: * Hukumar * Hanyoyin diyya a cikin tallan kan layi da tallan intanet * Fa'idodin ma'aikata * Mallakar hannun jari na ma'aikata * Kudin zartarwa ** Biyan diyya * Albashi ** Abubuwan da ke da alaqa da ayyukan aiki * Albashi == Amurka == Don dalilan hana albashi a karkashin dokar harajin kudin shiga na Amurka, kalmar "albashi" na nufin albashi (tare da wasu kebantattu) don haka ayyukan da ma'aikaci ya yi wa mai aiki. A karkashin koyarwar bawa mara imani, koyarwa a karkashin dokokin wasu jihohi a Amurka, kuma musamman dokar jihar New York, ma'aikacin da ya aikata rashin aminci ga mai aikinsa dole ne ya rasa duk wata lada da aka samu a lokacin rashin aminci. == Kuskuren == Kalmar "remuneration" wani lokaci ana kuskure rubuta shi "sake sakewa", wanda ke nufin kirgawa ko sake kirgawa. == Manazarta ==   == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * {{wiktionary-inline}} * {{wiktionary-inline|emolument}} 9tpcp4y2ojmstqhjruhi76m0s0edh3w 0 24127 878777 455038 2026-07-08T06:28:32Z Nura Bello 24854 878777 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''MK''' ko '''mk na''' iya nufin:  == A cikin zane -zane da nishaɗi ko halin jindadi ko farin ciki == === Wassanin video (kallo) === * ''Masarautar Makai: Tarihin Tome mai alfarma'', wasan taka rawar dabara * ''Mario Kart'', jerin wasannin bidiyo na tsere wanda Nintendo ya haɓaka kuma ya buga su wanda ke nuna haruffa daga ikon amfani da sunan kamfani na ''Mario'' * ''Mortal Kombat'', jerin wasannin bidiyo na fada da Wasan Midway ya haɓaka kuma ya buga, daga baya kuma Warner Bros === Sauran amfani a zane -zane da nishaɗi === * MK (tashar), tashar kiɗan Afirkaans ta Afirka ta Kudu * Moon Knight, babban jarumi na sararin samaniya === Halayen almara === * MK, hali ne na almara daga jerin TV na AMC ''Cikin Cikin Badlands'' . * Mary Katherine "MK" Bomba, jaruma a cikin fim ɗin ''almara na'' komputa na shekara ta dubu biyu da sha uku 2013. == A cikin kasuwanci == * Alamar ko tambarin (kasuwanci), kalma ce don bambanci tsakanin farashin mai kyau ko sabis da farashin siyarwa * Air Mauritius (mai tsara IATA MK) * MK Group, kamfani ne mai riƙe da Sabiya * MK Electric, mai ƙera kayan lantarki na Ingilishi * Mysore Kirloskar, wani ɗan ƙasar Indiya mai kera lathes, wani ɓangare na kungiyar Kirloskar * Morrison-Knudsen, kamfanin injiniya da gine-gine * Moskovskij Komsomolets, jaridar Rasha * Kamfanin Jiragen Sama na MK, wani kamfanin jigilar kaya na Burtaniya == Mutane (Jama'a) == * MK Nobilette, kuma Emkay, (an haife shi ne a shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da casa'in da hudu 1994), mawaƙin Amurka * MK Asante (an haife shi ne a shekara ta shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da tamanin da biyu 1982), marubucin Ba’amurke, mai shirya fina -finai kuma farfesa * Marc Kinchen (MK), mai shirya kiɗan gidan Amurka * Mark Knopfler (an haife shi ne a shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da arbai'ain da tara 1949), mawaƙin Ingilishi, wanda ya kafa Dire Straits * Michael Kors (an haife shi ne a shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da hamsin da tara 1959), mai zanen kayan adon Amurka ** Michael Kors (alama), alamar Amurka == Wurare ko kuma wajaje ko gurare == * Yankin lambar lambar MK, gundumomin gidan waya na Burtaniya a cikin mafi girman yankunan Milton Keynes da Bedford * [[Masadoiniya ta Arewa|Arewacin Macedonia]] (lambar ƙasa ta ISO MK) ** .k ** Yaren Macedonia (ISO dari shida da talatin da uku 639 digram "mk") * Masarautar Magic, filin shakatawa na Walt Disney World a Greater Orlando * Mong Kok, yankin Hong Kong ** Tashar Mong Kok ta Gabas, asali Mong Kok KCR Station ** Tashar Mong Kok * Milton Keynes, birni ne a kudancin Ingila * Morris Knolls High School(makaranta na koli), babbar makaranta ce a gundumar Morris, New Jersey * Masarautar Sihiri, Sydney, filin shakatawa mai ƙarewa a Ostiraliya == A siyasa == * Memba na Knesset, majalisar dokokin Isra'ila * [[Umkhonto we Sizwe]] (Spear of the Nation), reshen makamai na African National Congress (mafi rinjaye a Afirka ta Kudu) * Mebyon Kernow, wata jam'iyyar siyasa ta Masarautar Burtaniya == Lakabi ko kum inkiya == * Injiniyan Injin, ƙimar da aka yi rajista a cikin Ma'aikatar Tsaron Tekun Amurka * Mk, lakabi na bayan-suna don sufi * Memba na Knesset (majalisar dokokin Isra'ila) == A kimiyya, fasaha, da lissafi (kididdiga) == * Alama (ƙaddara), sunan da aka yi amfani da shi don gano juzu'in samfur ko abu, misali Mk. II * mk (software), mai sauyawa a cikin Shirin 9 daga Bell Labs da Inferno * Maɓallin tunani na Mk, keɓancewa na Tsarin Multimedia na IP wanda aka yi amfani da shi don musayar saƙonni tsakanin BGCFs a cibiyoyin sadarwa daban -daban * Morgan-Keenan (MK) rabe-rabe na gani, tsarin rarrabe tauraruwa bisa lafazin kallo * Megakelvin (MK), SI na zafin jiki * Midkine, furotin * Millikelvin (mK), siginar SI na zafin jiki * Morse -Kelley ya kafa ka'idar a fannin lissafi == A wasanni == * FK Mandalskameratene, ƙungiya ce ta ƙwallon ƙafa ta Norway * Milton Keynes Dons FC, ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa a Milton Keynes galibi tana gajarta zuwa MK Dons == Sauran amfani ko kuma amfani na daban == * Dandalin Chrysler MK (Jeep Compass da Jeep Patriot) * Markka ta Finnish, kuɗin hukuma na Finland daga shekeara ta dubu daya da dari takwas da sittin 1860 zuwa shekara ta dubu biyu da daya 2001 * Bisharar Markus, littafi na biyu na Sabon Alkawari a cikin Littafi Mai -Tsarki na Kirista * Yaran Mishan, yaran iyayen mishonari * Koriya ta Tsakiya (ƙarni na goma 10 zuwa na sha shida 16) * Kit ɗin likita, akwatin kaya na bada taimakon farko == Duba kuma == * MKULTRA (disambiguation) {{Disambig}} 66ejzewbp46o3aqflv48w1dos21fr2x 0 25595 878632 707470 2026-07-07T19:01:13Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878632 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:WW Chicago 2012 - Lesley-Ann Brandt 03 (7785753568).jpg|thumb|lesley ann]] [[Fayil:WW Chicago 2012 - Lesley-Ann Brandt 01 (7785752414).jpg|thumb|Lesley ann]] '''Lesley-Ann Brandt''' (an haife ta 2 Disamba 1981) yar wasan kwaikwayo [[Afirka ta Kudu|ce ta Afirka ta Kudu.]] Brandt ta yi aiki a cikin jerin shirye -shiryen talabijin na ƙasar New Zealand. Ta taka rawa a matsayin kuyanga (Naevia) a cikin shirin fim mai dogon Zango wato ''[[Spartacus: Blood and Sand]]'' Wanda duniya ta fara sanin ta akai. Tun daga Janairu 2016, ta taka rawa a matsayin Mazikeen a shiri mai dogon Zango na ƙafar talabijin mai suna ''Lucifer.'' == Rayuwar farko == An haife ta a [[Cape Town]], [[Afirka ta Kudu]], Brandt shine Cape Colored na Indiya, Jamusanci, Dutch, da zuriyar Spain.<ref>{{cite web |title=Actress Lesley Ann Brandt from the show 'Lucifer' |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bUHfdDSm-1s |website=YouTube |access-date=8 February 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/LesleyAnnBrandt/status/191022911103053824|title=📎Lesley-Ann Brandt on Twitter|publisher=[[Twitter]]}}</ref> Ta kasance mai magana da harshen [[Afrikaans|Afirkaans sosai]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://lesleyannbrandt.ausxip.com/bio.html|title=Official Lesley-Ann Brandt Fan Site - Biography|publisher=lesleyannbrandt.ausxip.com|access-date=10 November 2010}}{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> kuma ta lissafo yoga, wasan ƙwallon ƙafa, da ƙwallon kwando a cikin abubuwan da take so. A Afirka ta Kudu, ta buga wasan hockey na gasa. [[File:Lesley-Ann Brandt by Gage Skidmore.jpg|thumb|Lesley-Ann Brandt]] A cikin 1999, Brandt ya yi ƙaura zuwa [[Auckland]], [[Sabuwar Zelandiya|New Zealand]], tare da iyayenta da kaninta Brian Brandt. Brandt ta fara aiki saye da siyarwar a cikin Auckland.<ref name="AUSXIP">{{cite web|url=http://spartacus.ausxip.com/cast/lesley-ann_brandt/|title=AUSXIP Interviews Spartacus Actress Lesley-Ann Brandt|publisher=talkingxena.yuku.com|date=6 December 2009|access-date=9 November 2010|archive-date=23 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190123010336/http://spartacus.ausxip.com/cast/lesley-ann_brandt/|url-status=dead}}</ref> kafin ta sami aiki a matsayin ƙwararriyar mai ba da shawara ta (information technology).<ref name="starz">{{cite web |url=http://www.starz.com/pressroomstatic/tcasummer2010/pdf/CAST%20BIOS_Spartacus%20Gods%20of%20the%20Arena.pdf |title=Cast Bios: Lesley-Ann Brandt (Naevia) |access-date=22 November 2010 |publisher=starz.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717233757/http://www.starz.com/pressroomstatic/tcasummer2010/pdf/CAST%20BIOS_Spartacus%20Gods%20of%20the%20Arena.pdf |archive-date=17 July 2011 }}</ref><ref name="screenrave">{{cite web|url=http://screenrave.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=709&Itemid=204|title=Lesley-Ann Brandt - Plays Naevia on Spartacus|last=Suggs|first=Bob|date=1 January 2010|access-date=9 November 2010|publisher=Screen Rave|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716022359/http://screenrave.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=709&Itemid=204|archive-date=16 July 2011}}</ref> Bayan wasu ayyukan yin tallan kayan kawa, an saka ta cikin waɗansu tallace -tallacen talabijin na New Zealand.<ref>{{cite news|title=Lesley-Ann Brandt on her role in Netflix series Lucifer|url=https://www.iol.co.za/weekend-argus/lesley-ann-brandt-on-her-role-in-netflix-series-lucifer-22557495|first=Luke|last=Folb|date=6 May 2019|publisher=[[Independent Online (South Africa)|IOL]]|access-date=19 May 2019}}</ref> Ta ƙaranci wasan kwaikwayo kuma an horar da ita a cikin fasahar Meisner a 2008. == Sana'a == Babban rawar da Brandt ya taka muhimmiyar rawa shine a cikin jerin talabijin na New Zealand na ''diflomasiyya na diflomasiyya''. Brandt ya fito a matsayin baƙo a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na sabulu na New Zealand, ''Shortland Street'', kuma ''Wannan Ba Rayuwata bane'', jerin almara na kimiyya wanda aka saita a cikin 2020s a cikin garin almara na Waimoana.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/entertainment-reviews/news/article.cfm?c_id=1502967&objectid=10662169|title=TV Review: 'This Is Not My Life'|first=Russell|last=Baillie|publisher=[[The New Zealand Herald]]|date=30 July 2010|access-date=22 November 2010|archive-date=18 November 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101118072907/http://www.nzherald.co.nz/entertainment-reviews/news/article.cfm?c_id=1502967&objectid=10662169|url-status=dead}}</ref> Brandt ta fito a matsayin kuyanga Naevia a zangon farkon na shirin ''[[Spartacus: Blood and Sand]]'' da ministocin prequel ''[[Spartacus: Gods of the Arena]]''. Da farko ta fara duba yiwuwar taka rawa a matsayin Sura amma daraktan simintin ya ba da shawarar ta duba aikin Naevia a maimakon haka.<ref name="KKM">{{cite web|url=http://www.actors.co.nz/people/downloadReport.aspx?anybodyId=89673|title=Lesley-Ann Brandt|date=23 November 2010|publisher=Karen Kay Management|access-date=22 November 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100527030124/http://www.actors.co.nz/people/downloadReport.aspx?anybodyId=89673|archive-date=27 May 2010}}</ref> Brandt ba ta dawo ba domin cigaba da ɗaukar shirin''Spartacus'' na gaba ba, sakamakon mutuwar [[Andy Whitfield]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.citypress.co.za/entertainment/burning-up-hollywood/ |title=Archived copy |access-date=2014-06-01 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129042337/http://www.citypress.co.za/entertainment/burning-up-hollywood/ |archive-date=2014-11-29 }}</ref> [[File:LAB (19593687801).jpg|thumb|Lesley-Ann Brandt]] Manajan ta Steven Jensen ya gaya wa TheWrap, "Tana son komawa, amma da gaske ba su sami lambar da muke nema ba." Ya ce za ta sake yin tunani "idan sun tashi tsaye". STARZ ba ta da sharhi. A ƙarshe Cynthia Addai-Robinson ya maye gurbin Brandt a matsayin Naevia.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thewrap.com/tv/column-post/lesley-ann-brandt-would-stay-spartacus-price-24836/|title=Lesley-Ann Brandt Would Stay With 'Spartacus'—for a Price|date=17 February 2011|access-date=12 October 2022|archive-date=8 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171108034705/https://www.thewrap.com/tv/column-post/lesley-ann-brandt-would-stay-spartacus-price-24836/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Brandt ta taka rawar gani a cikin fim ɗin New Zealand ''The Hopes & Dreams of Gazza Snell''. Fim din, game da wanda hatsarin tseren kart ya rutsa da shi, an yi fim da shi a Howick, wani yanki na Gabashin Auckland.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nzfilm.co.nz/NewsAndMedia/NewsAndPressReleases/News/HOPES___DREAMS__NEW_FILM_ATTRACTS_STRONG_CAST.aspx|title=Hopes and Dreams: New film attracts strong cast|date=16 November 2009|publisher=[[New Zealand Film Commission]]|access-date=9 November 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100805131052/http://www.nzfilm.co.nz/NewsAndMedia/NewsAndPressReleases/News/HOPES___DREAMS__NEW_FILM_ATTRACTS_STRONG_CAST.aspx|archive-date=5 August 2010}}</ref> Baƙon Brandt ya yi tauraro a cikin ''[[CSI: NY]]'' Smooth Criminal" da "Food for Thought". An nuna Brandt a cikin fim ''InSight'' inda ta ke yin aikin jinya Valerie Khoury. A watan Mayu 2010, baƙon Brandt ta fito a cikin ''[[Legend of the Seeker|Legend of the Seeke]]'', wani aikin Rob Tapert/ Sam Raimi da aka yi fim a New Zealand. Ta bayyana a wasan karshe na kakar wasa ta 2 "Hawaye" a cikin rawar Sister Thea. A cikin 2011, baƙuwar ta bayyana a cikin ''Memphis Beat na'' TNT, wanda ya biyo bayan matsayin jagora a matsayin Cassie a cikin mafi girman sifa ta asali ta Syfy ''don 2011, Zombie Apocalypse'', wanda kuma ya haskaka Ving Rhames da Taryn Manning. Ta fito a cikin fim ɗin fasalin ''Drift'' tare da Sam Worthington da Xavier Samuel, da ''Duke'' da ''CSI: NY'' star Carmine Giovinazzo. A cikin shekarar 2013, ta taka rawar a zango na ukku na shirin ''Ladies Single'' kamar Naomi Cox.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Schillaci|first1=Sophie|title='Single Ladies' Season Three: These Rookies Are Shaking Things Up|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/1720381/single-ladies-season-3-dish-up-drama/|website=MTV|access-date=13 January 2014|archive-date=8 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170308044015/http://www.mtv.com/news/1720381/single-ladies-season-3-dish-up-drama/|url-status=dead}}</ref> A cikin 2014, baƙo ta yi tauraro a matsayin Larissa Diaz/Copperhead akan ''Gotham'',<ref>{{cite web|last1=Maglio|first1=Tony|title='Gotham's' Copperhead Debuts on Fox's Fall Finale|url=https://www.thewrap.com/gothams-copperhead-debuts-on-foxs-fall-finale-exclusive-photos/|website=The Wrap|date=24 November 2014}}</ref> kuma ta bayyana azaman maimaita Lamia a cikin ''The Librarians''.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Andreeva|first1=Nellie|title=TNT Eyes 'The Librarian' Series; Noah Wyle, Bob Newhart & Jane Curtin May Return|url=https://deadline.com/2014/02/tnt-eyes-the-librarian-series-noah-wyle-bob-newhart-jane-curtin-may-return-686831/|website=Deadline|access-date=20 February 2014}}</ref> ==Kyauta== A cikin 2015, ta sami nasarar Maze a cikin jerin talabijin na FOX ''Lucifer''. Ta maye gurbin ƴar wasan kwaikwayo Lina Esco wacce aka sake ta bayan karanta teburin farko. An ba da rahoton Brandt ya gwada matsayin kuma an sake yin la'akari da shi bayan an saki Esco.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Andreeva|first1=Nellie|title=Lesley-Ann Brandt Joins 'Lucifer' Fox Pilot In Recasting|url=https://deadline.com/2015/03/lesley-ann-brandt-lucifer-fox-pilot-recasting-1201394166/|website=Deadline|access-date=17 March 2015}}</ref> ==Rayuwar sirri== Brandt tana zaune ne a Los Angeles.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://lesley-annbrandt.com/biography/|title=Biography|year=2012|publisher=Lesley-Ann Brandt Official Website|access-date=28 August 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120816034139/http://lesley-annbrandt.com/biography/|archive-date=16 August 2012}}</ref> ===Aure=== Brandt ta auri saurayinta na tsawon shekaru shida, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo [[Chris Payne Gilbert]], a 2015.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.brides.com/blogs/aisle-say/2016/01/lucifer-actress-lesley-ann-brandt-vermont-wedding-christina-florada-photography.html|title=Actress Lesley Ann Brandt's Vermont Wedding|publisher=Brides.com|author=Rello, Gabriella|date=January 25, 2016|access-date=April 18, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160716120032/http://www.brides.com/blogs/aisle-say/2016/01/lucifer-actress-lesley-ann-brandt-vermont-wedding-christina-florada-photography.html|archive-date=July 16, 2016|url-status=dead}}.</ref> ɗan farko na ma'auratan shi ne Kingston Payne Brandt-Gilbert, an haife shi a watan Yulin 2017.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://people.com/babies/lesley-ann-brandt-chris-payne-gilbert-welcome-son-kingston-payne/|title=Lesley-Ann Brandt and Chris Payne Gilbert Welcome Son Kingston Payne|work=People|author=Juneau, Jen|date=July 21, 2017 |access-date=September 23, 2017}}</ref> == Fina-finai == [[File:Lesley-Ann_Brandt_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg|right|thumb| Brandt a 2017 WonderCon, don inganta ''Lucifer'' .]] === Fim === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Taken ! Matsayi ! Bayanan kula |- | 2010 | ''Fatan & Mafarkin Gazza Snell'' | Sharon | |- | 2011 | ''InSight'' | Valerie Khuury | |- | 2012 | ''Kyakkyawar Ruhi'' | Angela Barry | |- | 2013 | ''Gwagwarmaya'' | Lani | |- | 2011 | ''Duke'' | Violet | |- | 2015 | ''Magunguna masu rage radadin ciwo'' | Ciki | |- | 2019 | ''Kullewar zuciya'' | Tara Sharpe | |- |} === Talabijin === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Taken ! Matsayi ! Bayanan kula |- | 2009 | ''Rigakafin diflomasiyya'' | Leilani Fa'auigaese | 13 aukuwa |- | 2010 | ''Spartacus: Jini da yashi'' | Naevia | 11 aukuwa |- | 2010 | ''Labarin Mai Neman'' | 'Yar'uwa Thea | Episode: "Hawaye" |- | 2010 | ''Wannan Ba Rayuwata Bace'' | Wakilin Filin Hine / WAI | 2 aukuwa |- | 2011 | ''Chuck'' | Fatima Tazi | Episode: " Chuck Versus da lalata ba zai yiwu ba " |- | 2011 | ''Spartacus: Alloli na Arena'' | Naevia | 6 aukuwa |- | 2011 | ''CSI: NY'' | Camille Jordanson da | 2 aukuwa |- | 2011 | ''Memphis Beat'' | Adriana | Episode: " Abubuwan da muke ɗauka " |- | 2011 | ''Apocalypse na Zombie'' | Cassie | Fim din talabijin |- | 2014 | ''Kasancewa Mary Jane'' | Tamiko Roberts | Episode: "Daren Mata a ciki" |- | 2014 | ''Mata Masu Kisa'' | Amber Flynn | Episode: "A ciki da waje" |- | 2014 | ''Matan aure'' | Naomi Cox | 11 aukuwa |- | 2014 | ''Gotham'' | Larissa Diaz/Copperhead | Episode: "Lovecraft" |- | 2014 | ''Laburare'' | Lamiya | 5 aukuwa |- | 2016–2021 | ''Lucifer'' | Mazikeen<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> Lillith | Babban Cast (Lokacin 1-6)<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> Lilith (Lokacin 5, Episode 4 kawai) |- |} === Bidiyoyin kiɗa === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! class="unsortable" | Year ! class="unsortable" | Band ! class="unsortable" | Title ! class="unsortable" | Character ! class="unsortable" | Director |- |2007 |[[Battle Circus (band)|Battle Circus]] |"Love in a Fallout Shelter"<ref name="KK">{{cite web|url=http://www.actors.co.nz/people/viewAnybody.aspx?AnybodyID=89673|title=Lesley-Ann Brandt - Music Video|publisher=Karen Kay Management Limited|access-date=22 November 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100527011605/http://www.actors.co.nz/people/viewAnybody.aspx?anybodyId=89673|archive-date=27 May 2010}}</ref> |Lead Female |Anton Steel |- |2007 |[[Nesian Mystik]] |"R.S.V.P."<ref name="KK"/> |Lead Female |Luke Sharpe |} ===Podcasts=== {| class="wikitable sortable" !Date !Title |- |Nov. 5, 2019 |''That One Audition with Alyshia Ochse''<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://alyshiaochse.libsyn.com/098-lesley-ann-brandt-punch-above-your-weight|title = That One Audition with Alyshia Ochse: 098: Lesley-Ann Brandt — Punch Above Your Weight}}</ref> |- |July 15, 2019 |''LipRoll''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.iheart.com/podcast/256-liproll-43079360/episode/lesley-ann-brandt-actress-maze-on-netflixs-46944483/|title = Lesley-Ann Brandt (Actress, "Maze") on Netflix's Lucifer - LipRoll}}</ref> |- |July 11, 2019 |''Out in Left Field with Dana Goldberg''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sexyliberal.com/lucifer-star-lesley-ann-brandt-goes-out-in-left-field/|title=Lucifer Star Lesley-Ann Brandt Goes Out in Left Field&#124;Stephanie Miller's Sexy Liberal Podcast Network}}</ref> |- |May 23, 2019 |''Fan Wonderland''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/anchor-podcasts/fan-wonderland/e/61001746|title = Fan Wonderland - Episode {{sic|Fourty|hide=y}} Three: All Hell Breaks Loose with Lesley-Ann Brandt on Stitcher}}</ref> |- |2019 |''Mama Said''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.podcastone.com/episode/Taking-Leave-for-Both-Mommy-and-Daddy-with-Lesley-Ann-Brandt|title = PodcastOne: Taking Leave for Both Mommy and Daddy with Lesley-Ann Brandt}}</ref> |- |2019 |''Build & Chill with The TVC''<ref>https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/lesley-ann-brandt-lucifer-gotham-liproll-crew/id1471072361?i=1000444753941{{Dead link|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> |- |January 22, 2016 |''Down and Nerdy''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://podbay.fm/podcast/975437148/e/1453441708|title=Episode 96 - an Interview with Lesley-Ann Brandt from FOX's Lucifer from Down and Nerdy Podcast &#124; Podcast Episode on Podbay}}</ref> |- |} == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * {{Official website|http://www.lesley-annbrandt.com/}} * Lesley Ann Brandt </img> * {{IMDb name|2788229}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110830194103/http://thebringerofrain.net/interview/lesleyannbrandt/ Lesley -Ann Brandt ta amsa tambayoyin fan - Fabrairu 2011] ==Manazarta== [[Category:Mata yan fim]] [[Category:Mutanen Afirka]] [[Category:Mutanen Afirka ta Kudu]] 2mzp4frgjvkyd8zz04kvhfyza5oh60m 0 25722 878839 474060 2026-07-08T09:21:04Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878839 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Malinda Williams''' (an haife ta ranar 24 ga watan Satumba, 1970).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mobile.twitter.com/MalinsWorld/status/647085856315035648|title=Twitter|website=mobile.twitter.com|access-date=2019-02-17|archive-date=2022-10-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221017070459/https://mobile.twitter.com/MalinsWorld/status/647085856315035648|url-status=dead}}</ref> yar wasan kwaikwayo ce kuma Ba'amurkiya Ce, Ta fara aikinta a talabijin, kafin ta fito a cikin fina ''-finai A Thin Line Tsakanin Soyayya da Ƙiyayya'' (1996), ''High School High'' (1996), da ''The Wood'' (1999). [[Fayil:MalindaWilliamsD-NiceJun06.jpg|thumb|Malinda Williams]] Daga 2000 zuwa 2004, Williams taza taurarowa a matsayin Tracy "Bird" Van Adams a cikin jerin wasan kwaikwayo na Showtime ''Soul Food'', wanda ta karɓi lambar yabo ta NAACP guda uku don Fitacciyar Jarumar a cikin zaɓin Series. Bayan rawar da ta taka a cikin jerin wasan kwaikwayo na ''NBC na ɗan gajeren lokaci Windfall'', Williams ya dawo fim yana wasa matsayin tallafi a ''Idlewild'' (2006), ''Daddy's Little Girls'' (2007), ''Lahadi na farko'' (2008), da ''Kwanaki 2 a New York'' (2012). ==Sana'ar fim== Williams ta fara fitowa a talabijin a cikin wani shiri na ''[[The Cosby Show]]'' a cikin 1987.<ref name=bios>{{cite web|url=http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Malinda_Williams.aspx|title=Malinda Williams|access-date=15 January 2016}}</ref>Ta baƙon tauraro a kan Miami Vice, Roc, Rayuwa ta da ake kira, Sister, Sister, Moesha, da NYPD Blue. A cikin fim, ta fara fitowa a cikin 1996 baƙar fata mai ban dariya-romancin fim A Thin Line Tsakanin Ƙauna da ƙiyayya. Daga baya waccan shekarar, ta haɗu da tauraro a Sunset Park da High School High School. Daga 1997 zuwa 1998, ta yi rawar gani a cikin The WB sitcom Nick Freno: Malami mai lasisi. A cikin 1999, ta fito a cikin fim ɗin ban dariya mai ban dariya The Wood da kuma shekara mai zuwa a cikin baƙon da ba a gayyace shi ba. An fi sanin Williams saboda rawar da ta taka a matsayin Bird a cikin jerin wasan kwaikwayo na Showtime Soul Food, ci gaban fim ɗin 1997 mai nasara mai suna iri ɗaya. [1] Ya kuma yi tauraro Nicole Ari Parker da Vanessa Estelle Williams . Don wasan kwaikwayonta, Williams ta sami lambar yabo ta NAACP guda uku don ƙwararrun 'yar wasan kwaikwayo a cikin jerin sunayen wasan kwaikwayo.[ana buƙatar hujja] Jerin ya fito daga 2000 zuwa 2004. [[Soul Food ya ci gaba da zama wasan kwaikwayo mafi dadewa mai gudana tare da ɗimbin ɗimbin baƙar fata a tarihin talabijin na farkon lokacin Amurka. <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.today.com/popculture/no-black-dramas-left-television-wbna5054030|title=No black dramas left on television|work=TODAY.com|access-date=16 January 2016}}</ref> Daga baya ta fito a shirin ''[[Law & Order: Special Victims Unit]]'': Sashin Wadanda aka kama da Laifuka na Musamman, kuma ta kasance memba na yau da kullun akan jerin wasan kwaikwayo na NBC Windfall na gajeren lokaci a cikin 2006.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://thefutoncritic.com/showatch/windfall/dvd/|title=Shows A-Z - windfall on nbc - TheFutonCritic.com|access-date=15 January 2016}}</ref> A cikin 2006, Williams ta fito a cikin fim ɗin kiɗan Idlewild. A shekara mai zuwa, ta haɗu da tauraro a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya na Tyler Perry na Baba's Little Girls. A cikin 2008, ta bayyana a ranar Lahadi ta farko a gaban Ice Cube. Sannan ta fito a fina-finai masu zaman kansu da dama. A cikin 2012, Williams ta haɗa kai a matsayin 'yar'uwar [[Chris Rock]] a cikin fim ɗin ban dariya na ''[[2 Days in New York]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/2_days_in_new_york/|title=2 Days in New York|date=10 August 2012|access-date=15 January 2016}}</ref> Tsakanin 2013 da 2015, ta taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin fim ɗin talabijin a shirin ''Marry Me for Christmas'', ''Marry Us for Christmas'' da kuma ''A Baby for Christmas''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.blackfilm.com/read/2015/10/malinda-williams-victoria-rowell-start-production-on-ups-a-baby-for-christmas/|title=Malinda Williams, Victoria Rowell Start Production On UP's A Baby for Christmas|access-date=16 January 2016}}</ref> A cikin 2013, ta fara karbar bakuncin tashar talabijin ta [[Aspire (TV network)|Aspire]] a shirin ''Exhale''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://blogs.indiewire.com/shadowandact/issa-rae-malinda-williams-will-co-host-new-aspire-talkshow-modeled-after-the-view|title=Issa Rae, Malinda Williams Will Co-Host New ASPiRE Talksh - Shadow and Act|author=Tambay A. Obenson|date=26 April 2013|work=Shadow and Act|access-date=16 January 2016|archive-date=2 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160302205849/http://blogs.indiewire.com/shadowandact/issa-rae-malinda-williams-will-co-host-new-aspire-talkshow-modeled-after-the-view|url-status=dead|archivedate=2 March 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160302205849/http://blogs.indiewire.com/shadowandact/issa-rae-malinda-williams-will-co-host-new-aspire-talkshow-modeled-after-the-view}}</ref> Ta kuma fito a cikin shirin fina-finai biyu mallakin tashar TV One : ''Girlfriends' Getaway'' da ''Girlfriends' a cikin 2014 da 2015, tare da [[Garcelle Beauvais]], [[Terri J. Vaughn]] da [[Essence Atkins]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://blogs.indiewire.com/shadowandact/tv-one-gets-into-original-movies-will-premiere-girlfriends-getaway-starring-garcelle-beauvais-terri-j-vaughn-20140723|title=TV One Gets Into Original Movies. Will Premiere 'Girlfrie - Shadow and Act|author=Tambay A. Obenson|date=23 July 2014|work=Shadow and Act|access-date=16 January 2016|archive-date=2 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160302190915/http://blogs.indiewire.com/shadowandact/tv-one-gets-into-original-movies-will-premiere-girlfriends-getaway-starring-garcelle-beauvais-terri-j-vaughn-20140723|url-status=dead|archivedate=2 March 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160302190915/http://blogs.indiewire.com/shadowandact/tv-one-gets-into-original-movies-will-premiere-girlfriends-getaway-starring-garcelle-beauvais-terri-j-vaughn-20140723}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://blogs.indiewire.com/shadowandact/tv-ones-original-movie-girlfriends-getaway-2-reunites-original-cast-august-premiere-set-20150727|title=TV One's Original Movie 'Girlfriends Getaway 2' Reunites - Shadow and Act|author=Tambay A. Obenson|date=27 July 2015|work=Shadow and Act|access-date=16 January 2016|archive-date=4 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160504122932/http://blogs.indiewire.com/shadowandact/tv-ones-original-movie-girlfriends-getaway-2-reunites-original-cast-august-premiere-set-20150727|url-status=dead|archivedate=4 May 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160504122932/http://blogs.indiewire.com/shadowandact/tv-ones-original-movie-girlfriends-getaway-2-reunites-original-cast-august-premiere-set-20150727}}</ref> A cikin 2015, Williams ta bada gudunmawa a fim ɗin barkwancin ''[[Accidental Love]]'' na [[David O. Russell]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehollywoodnews.com/2015/06/18/accidental-love-review/|title=Accidental Love Review|author=Luke Ryan Baldock|date=18 June 2015|work=The Hollywood News|access-date=16 January 2016}}</ref> ==Fina-finai== ===Fim=== {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Year ! Title ! Role ! class="unsortable" | Notes |- | 1993 | ''Laurel Avenue'' | Sheila Arnett |Television film |- | 1996 | '' [[A Thin Line Between Love and Hate]]'' | Erica Wright | |- | 1996 | ''[[Sunset Park (film)|Sunset Park]]'' | Cheryl | |- | 1996 | '' [[High School High]]'' | Natalie Thompson | |- | 1997 | '' Damn Whitey'' | Malinda | Short film |- | 1999 | ''[[Uninvited Guest]]'' | Tammy | |- | 1999 | ''[[The Wood]] '' | Alicia |Nominated — [[Black Reel Award for Best Actress]] |- | 2000 | '' [[Dancing in September]]'' | Rhonda | |- | 2005 | ''Exposure'' | Woman |Short film |- | 2006 | ''[[Idlewild (film)|Idlewild]]'' | Zora | |- | 2007 | '' [[Daddy's Little Girls]]'' | Maya | |- | 2008 | '' [[First Sunday]]'' | Tianna | |- | 2009 | ''[[A Day in the Life (film)|A Day in the Life]]'' | Boopsy | |- | 2012 | '' [[2 Days in New York]]'' | Elizabeth Robinson | |- | 2012 | ''Back Then'' | Andrea 'Dre' Devine | |- | 2012 | ''[[The Undershepherd]]'' | Casandra |[[American Black Film Festival|American Black Film Festival Award for Best Performance]] |- | 2012 | ''A Cross to Bear'' | Fae |Television film |- | 2012 | ''[[Side by Side (2012 film)|Side by Side]]'' | Herself | |- | 2013 | ''24 Hour Love'' | PJ | |- | 2013 | ''Marry Me for Christmas'' | Marci Jewel |Television film |- | 2014 | ''[[List of original programs distributed by Netflix|Percentage]]'' | Cassandra | |- | 2014 | '' Girlfriends' Getaway'' | Camille | |- | 2014 | ''Marry Us for Christmas'' | Marci Jewel |Television film |- | 2015 | ''[[Accidental Love]] '' | Rakeesha | |- | 2015 | ''Girlfriends Getaway 2'' | Camille | |- | 2015 | ''A Baby for Christmas'' | Marci Jewel |- |2016 | Merry Christmas, Baby |Marci Jewel |Television Film |- |2018 |Chandler Christmas Getaway |Marci Jewel |Television Film |} ===Telebijin=== {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Year ! Title ! Role ! class="unsortable" | Notes |- | 1987-1990 | '' [[The Cosby Show]]'' | Althea Logan/Shana |Episode: "Calling Doctor Huxtable" / Episode: "Denise Kendall: Singles Counselor" |- | 1989 | '' [[Miami Vice]]'' | Lynette |Episode: "Too Much, Too Late" |- | 1993 | '' [[Roc (TV series)|Roc]]'' | Celina |Episode: "He Ain't Heavy, He's My Father" |- | 1994 | '' [[South Central (TV series)|South Central]]'' | Candi |Episodes: "Dad" and "Gun: Part 2" |- | 1994 | '' [[My So-Called Life]]'' | Yvette |Episode: "The Substitute" |- | 1994 | ''[[Me and the Boys (TV series)|Me and the Boys]]'' | Elizabeth |Episode: "Bad Influence" |- | 1994-1995 | ''[[Sister, Sister (TV series)|Sister, Sister]] '' | Tyra |Episodes: "Get a Job" and "Field Trip" |- | 1995 | '' [[Under One Roof (1995 TV series)|Under One Roof]]'' | Tamika |Episode: "Secrets" |- | 1995 | '' [[The Client (TV series)|The Client]]'' | Zora Ward |Episode: "Them That Has..." |- | 1996 | '' [[Moesha]]'' | Taylor | Recurring role, 3 episodes |- | 1996 | '' [[NYPD Blue]]'' | Annette Morris |Episode: "Ted and Carey's Bogus Adventure" |- | 1996 | ''[[The John Larroquette Show]] '' | Shanelle |Episode: "When Yussel Learned to Yodel" |- | 1997 | '' [[Dangerous Minds (TV series)|Dangerous Minds]]'' | Lashawn |Episode: "The Feminine Mystique" |- | 1997-1998 | ''[[Nick Freno: Licensed Teacher]] '' | Tasha Morrison |Series regular, 21 episodes |- | 2000 | '' [[Movie Stars (TV series)|Movie Stars]]'' | Bianca |Episode: "La Vida Loca" |- | 2000-2004 | ''[[Soul Food (TV series)|Soul Food]] '' | Bird | Series regular, 74 episodes<br>Nominated — [[NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actress in a Drama Series]] (2003-2005) |- | 2003 | '' [[Half & Half]]'' | Myra |Episode: "The Big Much 'I Do' About Nothing Episode" |- | 2004 | '' [[The Division]]'' | Tanya |Episode: "Play Ball" |- | 2004 | '' [[Law & Order: Special Victims Unit]]'' | Lori-Ann Dufoy |Episode: "Careless" |- | 2004 | ''[[The District]] '' | Rennee |Episodes: "A.K.A" and "The Black Widow Maker" |- | 2006 | ''[[Windfall (TV series)|Windfall]]'' | Kimberly George |Series regular, 5 episodes |} ===Music videos=== *"Many Styles" by [[Audio Two]] *"Someone to Love You" by [[Ruff Endz]] *"Back at you" by [[Mobb Deep]] *"Shorty Wanna Ride" by [[Young Buck]] *"What Could've Been" by [[Ginuwine]] *"Until It's Gone" by [[Monica (entertainer)|Monica]] *"Self Destruction" by [[Boogie Down Productions]] ==Rayuwar Aure== Williams ta auri jarumi [[Mekhi Phifer]] daga shekarar 1999 zuwa 2003; suna da ɗa Omikaye. A watan Agustan 2008, ta auri [[D-Nice]]; wanda suka rabu a watan Agustan 2009 bayan auren ya mutu a watan Fabrairu 2010;<ref>{{Cite web|title=Malinda x D-Nice: We Wanted This One To Last|url=https://www.vibe.com/2010/02/malinda-x-d-nice-we-wanted-one-last|date=2010-02-24|website=Vibe|language=en|access-date=2020-05-13}}</ref>. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} ==Hanyoyin haɗi na waje== * {{IMDb name|0931227}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1970]] p73a2jfu83nuxu4vvsx9fnl5gmzg287 0 26682 878505 878314 2026-07-07T13:15:21Z Hon.Mubarak 45736 878505 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Khalid ibn al-Walid in Calligraphy.png|thumb|khalid bn walid]] [[Fayil:Khālid ibn al-Walīd, Sayr mulhimah min al-Sharq wa-al-Gharb.png|thumb|khalid bn al walid]] [[Fayil:Khalid ibn al-Walid Masjid an-Nabawi Calligraphy.svg|thumb|Khalid ibn al-Walid]] '''[[Khalid]] ibn al-Walid ibn al-Mughira al-Makhzumi''' (Larabci: خالد بن الوليد بن المغيرة المخزومي, romanized: ''Khālid ibn al-Walīd ibn al-Mughīra al-Makhzūmī''; ya rasu 642) ya kasance kwamandan Musulmin [[Larabawa]] a cikin hidimar Annabin Musulunci [[Muhammad S.A.W]] da halifofin Abubakar (r. 632-634) da Umar (634-644) wadanda suka taka rawar gani a yakin Ridda da aka yi da kabilun ‘yan tawaye a Arabiya a shekara alif 632–633 da farkon nasarar da Musulmi suka yi na Iraqi Iraqi Sasanian. a shekarar 633-634 da Byzantine Syria a shekarar alif 634-638. Wani mai doki na dangin Makhzum na ƙabilar Kuraishawa, wanda ya yi hamayya da Muhammad, Khalid ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen fatattakar Musulmai a [[yakin Uhudu]] a shekara alif 625. Bayan musuluntarsa ​​a shekarar 627 ko shekarar 629, Muhammad ya mai da shi kwamanda, wanda ya bashi lakabin ''Sayf Allah'' (Takobin Allah). Khalid ya shirya ficewar sojojin musulmi lafiya lokacin balaguron balaguro zuwa Mu'ta a kan kawancen Larabawa na [[Rumawa]] a cikin shekarar 629 kuma ya jagoranci sojojin Badawiyya na sojojin Musulmi a lokacin [[Nasarar Makka|kwace Makka]] da [[yakin Hunayn]] a c. 630. Bayan rasuwar Muhammadu, an naɗa Khalid don murƙushe ko mamaye kabilun Larabawa a Najd da Yamama (duka yankuna biyu a tsakiyar Larabawa) waɗanda ke adawa da sabuwar ƙasar Musulmi, ta kayar da shugabannin 'yan tawaye Tulayha a [[Yaƙin Buzakha]] a shekara 632 da Musaylima a [[Yakin Yamama|Yakin Aqraba]] a shekarar 633. Daga baya Khalid ya yi gaba da manyan kabilun Larabawa na Kiristanci da garuruwan Farisa na Sasanian na kwarin Euphrates a Iraki. Abu Bakr ya sake tura shi ya jagoranci rundunar Musulmi a Siriya kuma ya jagoranci mutanensa zuwa can a wani tafiya da ba a saba yi ba a kan dogon hamadar Siriya mara ruwa, wanda ya inganta martabarsa a matsayin mai dabarun soji. Sakamakon nasarorin da aka samu a kan Rumawa a Ajnadayn (634), Fahl (634), [[Damascus]] (634-635) da Yarmouk (636), Musulmai a ƙarƙashin Khalid sun ci yawancin Siriya. Daga baya Umar ya sauke shi daga babban mukamin Umar saboda dalilai da dama da kafofin gargajiya na Musulunci da na zamani suka kawo. Khalid ya ci gaba da hidima a matsayin babban magajin magajinsa Abu Ubayda ibn al-Jarrah a cikin sigogin Homs da Aleppo da Yakin Qinnasrin, duk a cikin shekarar 637-638, wanda gaba ɗaya ya haifar da koma baya daga Siriya na sojojin daular Byzantine a ƙarƙashin Sarki Heraclius. Umar ya kori Khalid daga kujerar gwamnan Qinnasrin daga baya kuma ya rasu a [[Madinah|Madina]] ko Homs a shekarar 642. Gaba ɗaya masana tarihi suna ɗaukar Khalid a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin fitattun janar -janar na Islama na farko kuma ana tunawa da shi a duk ƙasashen Larabawa har zuwa yau. Addinin Musulunci ya yaba wa Khalid don dabarun fagen fama da ingantaccen jagoranci na yaƙin musulmin farko, amma ya zarge shi da halaka ƙabilun Larabawa waɗanda suka karɓi Musulunci, wato membobin Banu Jadhima a lokacin rayuwar Muhammad da Malik ibn Nuwayra a lokacin yaƙin Ridda. , da kuma rashin da'a da na kasafin kuɗi a Siriya. Shahararsa ta soja ta tayar da hankalin wasu masu tsoron Allah, wadanda suka musulunta na farko, ciki har da Umar, wadanda ke fargabar hakan zai iya zama dabi'ar mutumci. == Asali da farkon aikin soja == Mahaifin Khalid shi ne al-Walid ibn al-Mughira, mai sasanta rigingimun cikin gida a Makka a Hejaz (yammacin Arabiya).{{sfn|Hinds|1991|p=138}} Masana tarihi Ibn Hisham (d. 833), Ibn Habib (d. 859) da Ibn Durayd (d. 837) sun bayyana Al-Walid a matsayin "mai izgili" ga annabin musulunci Muhammad da aka ambata a cikin surorin Makka (surori) na Kur'ani.{{sfn|Hinds|1991|p=138}} Ya kasance daga cikin Banu Makhzum, babban dangin kabilar Quraishawa da makka kafin jahiliyyar Musulunci.{{sfn|Hinds|1991|pp=137–138}} Ana yaba Makhzum don gabatar da kasuwancin Makka zuwa kasuwannin waje,{{sfn|Lammens|1993|p=171}} musamman [[Yemen]] da Abisiniya (Habasha),{{sfn|Hinds|1991|pp=137–138}} kuma ya sami suna a tsakanin Kuraishawa saboda basirarsu, martabarsu da dukiyarsu.{{sfn|Lammens|1993|p=171}} Darajarsu ta kasance ta jagorancin kakan mahaifin Khalid al-Mughira ibn Abd Allah.{{sfn|Lammens|1993|p=171}} An san kawun mahaifin Khalid Hisham da "ubangijin makka" kuma Kuraishawa sun yi amfani da ranar mutuwarsa a matsayin farkon kalandar su.{{sfn|Hinds|1991|p=137}} Masanin tarihin Muhammad Abdulhayy Shaban ya bayyana Khalid a matsayin "mutum mai matsayi mai girma" a cikin danginsa da makka gaba ɗaya.{{sfn|Shaban|1971|pp=23–24}} Mahaifiyar Khalid ita ce al-Asma bint al-Harith ibn Hazn, wanda aka fi sani da Lubaba al-Sughra ("Lubaba Ƙarami", don bambanta ta da babban 'yar uwarta Lubaba al-Kubra) na kabilar Banu Hilal.{{sfn|Landau-Tasseron|1998|pp=202–203}} Lubaba al-Sughra ya musulunta game da c. 622 da ƙanwar mahaifiyarta Maymuna ta zama matar Muhammadu.{{sfn|Landau-Tasseron|1998|pp=202–203}} Ta hanyar dangin mahaifiyarsa Khalid ya zama sananne sosai game da salon rayuwar Badawiyya (Balarabe mai kiwo).{{sfn|Lecker|2004|p=694}} === Adawar farko ga Muhammadu S.A.W === [[File:Mount_Uhud.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mount_Uhud.JPG|thumb|Dutsen Uhudu (hoton 2009) inda Khalid da mahayan dawakansa suka fatattaki sojojin musulmi wanda annabin musulunci Muhammad ke jagoranta al 625]] Makhzum sun yi adawa da Muhammad sosai, kuma babban jagoran dangin Amr ibn Hisham (Abu Jahl), dan uwan ​​Khalid na farko, ya shirya kauracewa dangin Muhammad, [[Banu Hashim]] na Quraishawa, a c. 616–618.{{sfn|Hinds|1991|p=138}} Makhzum karkashin Abu Jahl ya ba da umarni a yaki annabin musulunci, wanda ya yi hijira daga Makka zuwa Madina a 622, har sai da aka fatattake su a yakin Badar a shekarar 624.{{sfn|Hinds|1991|p=138}} Kimanin ashirin da biyar daga cikin kakannin mahaifin Khalid, ciki har da Abu Jahl, da yawa an kashe wasu dangi a cikin wannan alkawari.{{sfn|Hinds|1991|p=138}} A shekara mai zuwa Khalid da dan uwansa Ikrima, dan Abu Jahl, bi da bi sun umarci gefen dama da na hagu na sojan doki a cikin sojojin Makka wanda ya fuskanci Muhammad a yakin Uhud a arewacin Madina.{{sfn|Robinson|2000|p=782}}{{sfn|Umari|1991|pp=53–54}} A cewar masanin tarihi Donald Routledge Hill, maimakon kaddamar da farmaki na gaba a kan layin Musulmai a kan gangaren Dutsen Uhudu, "Khalid ya yi amfani da dabarun sauti" na zagawa da dutsen da tsallake gefen Musulmi.{{sfn|Hill|1975|p=37}} Ya ci gaba ta rafin Wadi Qanat da ke yammacin Uhud har sai da maharba Musulmi suka duba shi a kudancin kwarin a Dutsen Ruma.{{sfn|Hill|1975|p=37}} Musulmai sun sami fa'idar farko a cikin yaƙin, amma bayan yawancin maharba na musulmi sun yi watsi da matsayinsu don shiga cikin farmakin sansanin 'yan Makka, Khaled ya tuhumci sakamakon fashewar da aka samu a lamuran tsaron musulmi na baya.{{sfn|Robinson|2000|p=782}}{{sfn|Hill|1975|p=37}} A cikin farmakin da ya biyo baya, an kashe Musulmai da dama.{{sfn|Robinson|2000|p=782}} Labarin yaƙin ya bayyana Khalid yana hawa cikin filin, yana kashe musulmai da mashinsa.{{sfn|Hill|1975|p=39}} Shaban ya yaba wa “hazikin soja” na Khalid don nasarar da Kuraishawa suka samu a Uhudu, wanda kawai ƙabilar ta ci Muhammadu.{{sfn|Shaban|1971|p=23}} A cikin 628 Muhammad da mabiyansa sun nufi Makka don yin umra (ƙaramin [[Aikin Hajji|aikin hajji]] a Makka) kuma Quraishawa sun aika da mahayan dawakai 200 don su katse shi bayan jin labarin tafiyarsa.{{sfn|Watt|1971|p=539}} Khalid ya kasance a kan mahayan dawakan kuma Muhammad ya guji fuskantar sa ta hanyar ɗaukar wata hanyar da ba ta saba ba kuma mai wahala, a ƙarshe ya isa Hudaibiyya a gefen Makka.{{sfn|Umari|1991|pp=109–110}} Lokacin da ya fahimci canjin Muhammad na hanya, Khalid ya koma Makka.{{sfn|Umari|1991|p=110}} An cimma sulhu tsakanin Musulmi da Kuraishawa a cikin [[Yarjejeniyar Hudaibiyyah|yarjejeniyar Hudaibiyya]] a watan Maris.{{sfn|Watt|1971|p=539}} === Juyowa zuwa Musulunci da hidima a ƙarƙashin Muhammadu === A shekara ta 6 bayan hijira (kimanin 627) ko 8 bayan hijira (shekarar 629) Khalid ya musulunta a gaban Muhammadu tare da Quraishawa Amr bn al-As;{{sfn|Lecker|1989|p=27}} masanin tarihin zamani Michael Lecker yayi sharhi cewa asusun da Khalid da Amr suka tuba a 8 AH sun kasance "watakila sun fi amintattu".{{sfn|Lecker|1989|p=27, note 25}} Masanin tarihin Akram Diya Umari ya ce Khalid da Amr sun musulunta kuma sun koma Madina bayan yarjejeniyar Hudaibiyya, a bayyane bayan Kuraishawa sun yi watsi da bukatar mika sabbin musulmai zuwa Makka.{{sfn|Umari|1991|p=121}} Bayan musuluntar sa, Khalid "ya fara sadaukar da duk manyan baiwarsa ta soji don tallafawa sabuwar ƙasar Musulmi", a cewar ɗan tarihi Hugh N. Kennedy.{{sfn|Kennedy|2007|p=76}} Khalid ya shiga cikin balaguron zuwa Mu'ta a cikin Jodan na zamani wanda Muhammad ya ba da umarni a watan Satumba na 629.{{sfn|Crone|1978|p=928}}{{sfn|Kaegi|1992|p=72}} Dalilin kai farmakin na iya kasancewa ya mallaki ganima ne sakamakon rugujewar sojojin Farisa daga Siriya bayan shan kashi da Daular Byzantine ta yi. a watan Yuli.{{sfn|Kennedy|2007|p=71}} Sojojin Rumawa da suka kunshi galibin kabilun Larabawa karkashin jagorancin kwamandan Byzantine Theodore kuma an kashe manyan kwamandojin Musulmai da dama.{{sfn|Kennedy|2007|p=71}}{{sfn|Kaegi|1992|pp=71–72}} Khalid ya dauki umurnin sojojin bayan mutuwar kwamandojin da aka nada kuma, tare da wahala, ya sa ido kan ficewar Musulmai cikin aminci.{{sfn|Umari|1991|p=144}}{{sfn|Kaegi|1992|p=72}}{{sfn|Zetterstéen|1965|p=235}} Muhammadu ya saka wa Khalid ta hanyar ba shi laƙabin girmamawa ''Sayf Allah'' (Takobin Allah).{{sfn|Zetterstéen|1965|p=235}} [[File:The_old_city_of_Adummatu.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_old_city_of_Adummatu.jpg|left|thumb|Garin damisa na Dumat al-Jandal (hoton 2007). Khalid ya jagoranci balaguro kan birnin a cikin 630, kuma yana iya jagorantar wani balaguron a cikin 633 ko 634, kodayake masana tarihi na zamani sun jefa shakku game da kamfen na ƙarshe ko rawar Khalid a ciki.]] A watan Disambar 629/Janairu shrkarar 630 Khalid ya shiga cikin kame Muhammad da Makka, bayan haka mafi yawan Kuraishawa sun musulunta. A cikin wannan haɗin gwiwa Khalid ya jagoranci ƙungiyar makiyaya da ake kira muhajirat al-arab (masu hijira daga Bedouin). Ya jagoranci daya daga cikin manyan turawa guda biyu zuwa cikin birni kuma a yaƙin da ya biyo baya da Kuraishawa, an kashe mutum uku daga cikin mutanensa yayin da aka kashe Quraishawa goma sha biyu, a cewar masanin tarihin Muhammad Ibn Ishaq na ƙarni na 8.{{sfn|Umari|1991|p=158}} A [[Yakin Hunayn|yaƙin Hunayn]] daga baya a waccan shekarar, lokacin da Musulmai, sakamakon kwararar waɗanda Quraishawa suka tuba, suka ci nasara akan Thaqif-abokan hamayyar gargajiya na Quraishawa na Ta'if-da abokansu na Hawazin, Khalid ya umarci Badouin Banu Sulaym. cikin addinin Musulunci. Daga nan aka naɗa Khalid ya rusa gunkin al-Uzza, ɗaya daga cikin allahiya da ake bautawa a addinin Larabawa kafin Jahiliyya, a yankin Nakhla tsakanin Makka da Ta'if. Daga baya aka tura Khalid don gayyatar Banu Jadhima a cikin Yalamlam, kimanin kilomita 80 (50 mi) kudu da Makka, amma majiyar gargajiya ta Musulunci ta ce ya kai hari kan kabilar ba bisa ka’ida ba. A sigar Ibn Ishaq, Khalid ya lallashe 'yan kabilar Jadhima da su kwance damara da rungumar addinin Islama, wanda ya biyo baya ta hanyar kashe wasu kabilun don ɗaukar fansa kan kisan da Jadhima ta yi wa kawunsa Fakih ibn al-Mughira da ke soyayya tun kafin Khalid ya musulunta.{{sfn|Umari|1991|pp=172–173}} A cikin labarin Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani (d. 1449), Khalid bai fahimci yarda da ƙabilanci na imani a matsayin ƙin yarda ko ƙin musulinci ba saboda rashin sanin sautin Jadhima kuma sakamakon haka ya far musu.{{sfn|Umari|1991|p=172}} A cikin juyi biyu Muhammadu ya bayyana kansa ba shi da laifi daga aikin Khalid amma bai sallame shi ko hukunta shi ba.{{sfn|Umari|1991|pp=172–173}} A cewar masanin tarihi W. Montgomery Watt, asusun gargajiya game da abin da ya faru Jadhima "yana da ƙima fiye da ɓatancin Khālid, kuma yana ba da ƙaramin tabbataccen tarihin tarihi".{{sfn|Watt|1956|p=70}} Daga baya a shekara ta alif 630, yayin da Muhammad yake Tabuka, ya aika Khalid ya kama garin Dumat al-Jandal da ke kasuwar oasis. Khalid ya samu mika wuya ya kuma sanya hukunci mai tsanani a kan mazauna garin, daya daga cikin sarakunansa, Kindite Ukaydir bn Abd al-Malik al-Sakuni, Khalid ne ya umurce shi da ya rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar cin gashin kai da Muhammad a Madina.{{sfn|Vaglieri|1965|p=625}} A cikin watan Yuni 631 Muhammad ya aika Khalid shugaban mutane 480 don ya gayyaci kabilar Balharith gauraye Kirista da mushrikai na Najran su karbi Musulunci.{{sfn|Schleifer|1971|p=223}} Kabilar ta musulunta, Khalid ya koyar da su kur’ani da shari’o’in Musulunci kafin ya koma Madina tare da tawagar Balharith.{{sfn|Schleifer|1971|p=223}} == Kwamanda a yakin Ridda == [[File:Mohammad_adil_rais-conquest_of_Arabia.PNG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mohammad_adil_rais-conquest_of_Arabia.PNG|alt=Map detailing the route of Khalid ibn al-Walid's military campaigns in central Arabia.|thumb|Taswirar da ke bayani kan yadda Khalid ya murkushe kabilun Larabawa a tsakiyar Larabawa a lokacin yakin Ridda]] Bayan mutuwar Muhammadu a cikin watan Yuni 632, yawancin kabilun Larabawa, in ban da waɗanda ke kewayen Madina, sun daina mubaya'a ga ƙasar Musulmi ta asali ko kuma ba su kulla wata alaƙa da Madina ba. Abokin Muhammad na farko kuma na kud da kud, Abubakar, ya zama shugaban al'ummar musulmi, ya kuma tura mafi yawan sojojin musulmi karkashin Usama bn Zaid a yaki da kasar Sham ta Rumawa, duk da barazanar da kabilun makiyaya suka yi wa garuruwan musulmi na Hijaz da suka yi watsi da ikon musulmi. . Abubakar ya hada runduna ya fatattaki gungun kabilar Ghatafan a Dhu al-Qassa a cikin Hijaz. Bayan da aka yi watsi da barazanar da aka yi wa Madina, Abubakar ya aika Khalid ya yaqi qabilun ‘yan tawaye a Najd (tsakiyar yankin Larabawa). Daga cikin manyan yankunan Larabawa guda shida da aka yi fama da shi a lokacin yakin Ridda (yakukuwan da suka yi ridda da ‘yan ridda), biyu sun kasance a birnin Najd: tawaye na kabilar Asad, Tayy da Ghatafan karkashin Tulayha da tawayen kabilar Tamim karkashin jagorancin. Saja; shugabannin biyu sun yi iƙirarin su annabawa ne. Lecker ya ce an tura Khalid ne kafin dawowar sojojin Usama, yayin da Watt ya ce an aika Khalid ne a shugaban wata babbar runduna bayan dawowar Usama. Khalid shi ne mutum na uku da Abubakar ya nada domin ya jagoranci yakin bayan zabinsa guda biyu na farko, Kuraishawa Zaid bn al-Khattab da Abu Huzaifa bn Utba, suka ki amincewa da wannan aiki. Sojojinsa sun kunshi farkon wadanda suka musulunta, wato Muhajirun (masu hijira daga Makka zuwa Madina) da Ansar ('yan asalin Madina).{{sfn|Kister|2002|p=44}} A duk tsawon yakin, Khalid ya nuna 'yancin kai na aiki kuma bai bi ka'idojin [[Khalifofi|halifa]] sosai ba. A cikin maganar Shaban, "kawai ya yi nasara a kan duk wanda yake can a ci shi".{{sfn|Shaban|1971|p=24}} === Yakin Buzakha === Tun farko Khalid ya mayar da hankali ne a kan danne Tulayha.{{sfn|Watt|1960|p=110}} A shekara ta 632 Khalid ya fafata da dakarun Tulayha a yakin Buzakha, inda Tayyi ya koma musulmi a farkon yakin.{{sfn|Bosworth|1960|p=1358}} Yayin da Tulayha ya bayyana a dab da fatattakar bangaren Banu Fazara na Ghatafan karkashin shugabansu Uyayna ibn Hisn ya fice daga filin, wanda ya tilasta wa Tulayha ya gudu zuwa Sham.{{sfn|Bosworth|1960|p=1358}} Daga baya kabilarsa Asad ta mika wuya ga Khalid, sai kuma Banu Amir mai tsaka-tsaki har ya zuwa yanzu, wanda ya kasance yana jiran sakamakon rikicin kafin ya ba da mubaya'arsa ga kowane bangare.{{sfn|Bosworth|1960|p=1358}} === Kisan Malik bn Nuwayra === Bayan Buzakha, Khalid ya ci gaba da fafatawa da shugaban ‘yan tawayen Tamimi Malik ibn Nuwayra wanda ke da hedikwata a al-Bitah, a yankin Qassim na yau. Muhammadu mai karbar sadaka (haraji) ne ya nada Malik a kan danginsa ta Tamim, Banu Yarbu, amma ya daina tura wannan harajin zuwa Madina bayan rasuwar Muhammadu. Don haka Abubakar ya yanke shawarar a kashe shi a hannun Khalid.{{sfn|Landau-Tasseron|1991|p=267}} Na baya-bayan nan ya fuskanci rarrabuwar kawuna a cikin rundunarsa dangane da wannan yakin, inda tun farko Ansar suka tsaya a baya, inda suka yi nuni da umarnin Abubakar da kada su kara yin kamfen har sai sun samu umarni kai tsaye daga halifa. Khalid ya yi da’awar cewa irin wannan umarni nasa ne a matsayinsa na kwamandan da halifa ya nada, amma bai tilastawa Ansar shiga ba, ya ci gaba da tafiya tare da dakaru daga Muhajirun da Badawiyya suka fice daga Buzakha da sakamakonsa; A karshe Ansar suka koma Khalid bayan sun gama tattaunawa cikin gida.{{sfn|Kister|2002|p=45}} Bisa labarin da aka fi sani a majiyoyin gargajiya na musulmi, sojojin Khalid sun ci karo da Malik da goma sha daya daga cikin danginsa na Yarbu a shekara ta 632. Yarbu ba su yi turjiya ba, suka shelanta addininsu na musulinci aka raka su zuwa sansanin Khalid. Khalid ya sa aka kashe su gaba dayansu saboda rashin amincewar wani dan Ansaru, wanda ya kasance cikin masu garkuwa da ‘yan kabilar, kuma ya yi hujjar cewa fursunoni ba za su taba cin karo da su ba saboda wasiyyarsu ta musulmi. Bayan haka Khalid ya auri matar Malik Ummu Tamim bint al-Minhal. Da labarin abin da Khalid ya yi ya isa Madina, babban hadimin Abubakar Umar bn Khattab ya matsa lamba kan a hukunta Khalid ko a sauke shi daga mukaminsa, amma Abubakar ya gafarta masa. Kamar yadda wani masanin tarihi Sayf bn Umar na karni na 8 ya ce, Malik ma ya kasance yana ba da hadin kai da Sajah, 'yar gidansa 'yar 'Yarbu, kuma musulmi sun ci karo da karamar jam'iyyarsa bayan da 'yan kabilar Tamim suka fatattake su. Masanin tarihin zamani Wilferd Madelung ya yi rangwame ga sigar Sayf, yana mai cewa Umar da sauran musulmi ba za su nuna rashin amincewarsu da kisan da Khalid ya yi wa Malik ba da a ce wannan ya bar Musulunci, yayin da Watt ya dauki bayanan da suka shafi Tamim a lokacin Ridda gaba daya a matsayin “batsa ... saboda makiyan khalid b. al-Walid sun karkatar da labaran su bata masa baki”. A ra’ayin ’yar tarihi mai suna Ella Landau-Tasseron, “gaskiya da ke tattare da aiki da mutuwar Malik za ta kasance a binne a ƙarƙashin tarin al’adu masu karo da juna. === Kawar da Musaylama da cin Yamama === [[File:Yamama_english.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Yamama_english.jpg|thumb|Taswirar yankin Yamama na Arabiya mai inuwa da ja. Khalid dan kabilar Banu Hanifa karkashin jagorancin Musaylima ne ya mamaye yankin]] Bayan da aka samu koma baya a rikicinta da kungiyoyin Tamim masu gaba da juna, Sajah ta bi sahun babban mai adawa da musulmi: Musaylima, shugaban kabilar Banu Hanifa mai zaman kansa a Yamama, yankin gabas na noma na Najd. Musaylima ya yi da'awar annabci tun kafin hijirar Muhammadu daga Makka, kuma roƙon da ya yi wa Muhammadu ya yarda da junansa Muhammadu bai yi watsi da shi ba. Bayan Muhammadu ya rasu, goyon bayan Musaylima ya karu a Yamama,{{sfn|Kister|2002|pp=22–23}} wanda kimar dabararsa ba wai kawai da yawan gonakin alkama da dabino ba, har ma da wurin da yake hade da Madina zuwa yankunan Bahray da Oman a gabashin Arabiya.{{sfn|Kister|2002|pp=7–9, 28–29}} Abubakar ya aike Shurahbil bn Hasana da Ikrima dan Khalid dan uwan ​​Khalid da wata runduna don karfafawa gwamnan musulmi a Yamama, dan kabilar Musaylima Thumama ibn Uthal.{{sfn|Kister|2002|p=23}} A cewar masanin tarihin zamani Meir Jacob Kister, mai yiyuwa ne barazanar da wannan runduna ta sanya Musaylima ya kulla kawance da Sajah.{{sfn|Kister|2002|pp=23–25}} Sojojin Musaylima sun fatattaki Ikrima sannan Abubakar ya umurce shi da ya murkushe tawaye a Oman da Mahra (a tsakiyar kudancin Larabawa) yayin da Shurahbil zai ci gaba da zama a Yamama yana jiran babbar rundunar Khalid.{{sfn|Kister|2002|p=29}} Bayan nasarar da ya samu a kan Badawiyyan Najd, Khalid ya nufi Yamama tare da gargadin bajintar da Hanifa ke da shi na soja da kuma umarnin Abubakar da ya yi mugun nufi ga kabilar idan ya yi nasara. Masanin tarihi na tsakiyar zamanin Ibn Hubaysh al-Asadi ya riki cewa sojojin Khalid da Musaylima sun kai 4,500 da 4,000, inda Kister ya yi watsi da alkaluman da suka fi girma da mafi yawan majiyoyin gargajiya suka ambata a matsayin wuce gona da iri.{{sfn|Kister|2002|pp=46–47}} Hare-hare uku na farko da Khalid ya yi wa Musaylima a Aqraba an buge su. Karfin mayaka Musaylima, da fifikon takubbansu, da kuma gazawar rundunonin Badawiyya a cikin sahun Khalid, duk dalilai ne da musulmi suka yi nuni da su kan gazawarsu na farko. Ansarite Thabit bn Qays ya ba da shawarar a ware Badawiyyawa daga yakin, Khalid ya tafi.{{sfn|Kister|2002|p=47}} A farmaki na hudu akan Hanifa, Muhajirun karkashin Khalid da Ansar karkashin Thabit sun kashe wani Laftanar Musaylima, wanda daga baya ya gudu da wani bangare na sojojinsa. Musulman suka bi Hanifa zuwa wani katon lambu da Musaylima ya ke yi na gaba da musulmi. Musulman ne suka mamaye unguwar, aka kashe Musaylima, aka kashe ko aka raunata akasarin Hanifiwa.{{sfn|Kister|2002|p=47}} Wurin ya zama sananne da 'gonar mutuwa' saboda yawan asarar da bangarorin biyu suka yi. Tun farkon yakin Khalid ya sanya wani Banifiye da aka kama Mujja’a bn al-Murara, domin ya tantance irin karfi, da’a da kuma manufar Hanifa a cikin kagararsu Yamama bayan kashe Musaylima. Mujja’a ya sa mata da ‘ya’yan kabilar su suturta su kuma su fito a matsayin maza a budodin katangar a cikin wata dabara don kara musu karfin gwiwa tare da Khalid; Ya gaya ma Khalid cewa har yanzu Hanifa na kirga mayaka masu yawa da suka kuduri aniyar ci gaba da yakar musulmi. Wannan tantancewar tare da gajiyar da sojojinsa suka yi, ya tilasta wa Khalid amincewa da shawarar da Mujja’a ya bayar na tsagaita wuta da Hanifa, duk kuwa da umurnin da Abubakar ya bayar na ci gaba da ja da baya da kuma kashe fursunonin Hanafiwa. Sharuɗɗan Khalid da Hanifa sun haɗa da musuluntar ƙabilar da kuma miƙa makamansu da makamansu da tarin zinare da azurfa. Abu Bakr ya amince da yarjejeniyar, ko da yake ya kasance mai adawa da rangwamen Khalid kuma ya yi gargadin cewa Hanifa za ta kasance da aminci ga Musaylima. Yarjejeniyar ta kara tsarkakewa da auren Khalid da ‘yar Mujja’a. A cewar Lecker, dabarar Mujja’a ta yiwu al’adar Musulunci ce ta kirkiro “domin kare manufofin Khalid saboda yarjejeniyar da aka kulla... ta jawo wa musulmi babbar asara”. An bai wa Khalid gonakin noma da gonaki a kowane kauye da aka sanya a cikin yarjejeniyar da Hanifa, yayin da kauyukan da aka kebe daga yarjejeniyar suna fuskantar hukuncin ladabtarwa. Daga cikin wadannan kauyuka har da garin Musaylima al-Haddar da Mar'at, wadanda aka kori ko bautar da mazaunansu tare da 'yan kabilar Tamim. Majiyoyin al'ada sun sanya ƙarshen murkushe ƙabilun Larabawa na yaƙe-yaƙe na Ridda kafin Maris 633, kodayake masanin tarihin Yammah Leone Caetani ya dage cewa yaƙin ya ci gaba har zuwa 634. Ƙoƙarin yakin musulmi, wanda Khalid ya taka muhimmiyar rawa, ya tabbatar da ikon Madina. a kan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙabilun Larabawa, waɗanda suka nemi tauye ikon Musulunci a yankin, da maido da martabar daular musulmi. A cewar Lecker, Khalid da sauran janar-janar Kuraishawa “sun sami gogewa mai tamani [a lokacin yaƙe-yaƙe na Ridda] wajen tara runduna masu yawa na kabilanci a nesa mai nisa” kuma “sun amfana daga makusantan Kuraishawa [sic] da siyasar ƙabilanci a duk ƙasar Larabawa.{{sfn|Lecker|2004|p=694}} == Kamfe a Iraki == [[File:Mohammad_adil-Khalid's_conquest_of_Iraq.PNG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mohammad_adil-Khalid's_conquest_of_Iraq.PNG|alt=|thumb|Taswirar da ke ba da cikakken bayani game da yakin Khalid a Iraki (ƙananan Mesopotamiya), bisa ga jigon al'adar Musulunci.]] Tare da Yamama sulhu, Khalid ya yi tafiya zuwa arewa zuwa yankin Sasaniya a Iraki (ƙananan Mesopotamiya). Watakila mafi yawan Muhajirun sun janye zuwa Madina kafin Khalid ya fara yakin neman zabensa, don haka ya sake tsara rundunarsa. A cewar masanin tarihi Khalil Athamina, ragowar sojojinsa sun kunshi Larabawa makiyaya daga kewayen Madina wadanda aka nada shugabanninsu domin maye gurbin mukaman kwamandan da sahabbai (sahabban Muhammad) suka bari. Masanin tarihi Fred Donner yana ganin cewa har yanzu Muhajirun da Ansar sun kasance jigon rundunarsa, tare da ɗimbin kaso na Larabawa makiyaya mai yiwuwa daga kabilun Muzayna, Tayy, Tamim, Asad da Ghatafan. Kwamandojin rundunonin da Khalid ya nada su ne Adi ibn Hatim na Tayyi da Asim bn Amr na Tamim. Ya isa yankin kudancin Iraqi tare da mayaka kimanin 1,000 a karshen bazara ko farkon lokacin rani na 633. == Tafiya zuwa Siriya == [[File:Mohammad_adil-Khalid's(r.a)_route_to_Syria.PNG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mohammad_adil-Khalid's(r.a)_route_to_Syria.PNG|alt=Geographical Map detailing the route of Khalid ibn al-Walid's invasion of Syria|thumb|250x250px|Taswirar da ke nuna ɗaya daga cikin jerin shirye-shiryen tafiyar da Khalid ya yi zuwa Siriya daga Iraki]] Dukkan labaran Musulunci na farko sun yi ittifaqi a kan cewa Abubakar ya umurci Khalid da ya bar Iraki zuwa Sham don tallafa wa sojojin musulmi da suka rigaya a can. Yawancin wadannan bayanai sun tabbatar da cewa umurnin halifan ya samo asali ne daga bukatar karfafawa da kwamandojin musulmin kasar Sham suka yi. Wataƙila Khalid ya fara tattaki zuwa Siriya a farkon Afrilu 634. Ya bar ƙananan sojojin musulmi a cikin garuruwan Iraki da aka ci yaƙi a ƙarƙashin jagorancin al-Muthanna ibn Haritha gabaɗaya. Jadawalin abubuwan da suka faru bayan ayyukan Khalid a Ayn al-Tamr ba su da daidaito da rudani. A cewar Donner, Khalid ya ci gaba da gudanar da wasu muhimman ayyuka guda biyu kafin ya fara tattakinsa zuwa Syria, wanda sau da yawa majiyoyi sun rude da abubuwan da suka faru a lokacin tattakin. Daya daga cikin hare-haren da aka kai shi ne kan Dumat al-Jandal da kuma kan kabilar Namir da Taghlib da ke yammacin gabar kogin Euphrates na sama har zuwa yankin Balikh da tsaunukan Jabal al-Bishri a arewa maso gabashin Palmyra. Ba a dai san ko wanne alkawari ya fara faruwa ba, ko da yake dukkansu yunƙurin musulmi ne na kawo mafi yawan ƙabilun Larabawa makiyaya na arewacin Larabawa da Siriyawa a ƙarƙashin ikon Madina. A yakin Dumat al-Jandal, Abubakar ya umurci Khalid ko kuma ya bukace shi daga daya daga cikin kwamandojin yakin, al-Walid ibn Uqba, da ya karfafa wa babban kwamandan Iyad bn Ghanm kawanya a garin oasis. Magoya bayanta sun samu goyon bayan abokansu na makiyaya daga kabilar Rumawa da suka hada da Ghassanid, Tanukhids, Salihids, Bahra da Banu Kalb. Khalid ya bar Ayn al-Tamr zuwa Dumat al-Jandal inda dakarun musulmi suka fatattaki masu kare a fafatawar. Bayan haka, Khalid ya kashe shugaban Kindite na garin, Ukaydir, wanda ya fice daga Madina bayan rasuwar Muhammad, yayin da sarkin Kalbite Wadi’a ya tsira bayan ceton abokansa Taimiyya a sansanin musulmi. Masana tarihi Michael Jan de Goeje da Caetani sun yi watsi da gaba ɗaya cewa Khalid ya jagoranci balaguro zuwa Dumat al-Jandal bayan yaƙin neman zaɓe na Iraqi kuma birnin da aka ambata a cikin al'adun gargajiya na iya zama garin da sunan wannan garin kusa da al-Hira. Masanin tarihi Laura Veccia Vaglieri ya kira tantancewarsu da "ma'ana" kuma ta rubuta cewa "da alama ba zai yiwu ba cewa Khālid zai iya yin irin wannan karkatar da zai kai shi nesa ba kusa ba yayin da yake jinkirin cimma manufarsa [don shiga cikin sojojin musulmi. a Siriya." Vaglieri yayi hasashen cewa Iyad bn Ghanm ko kuma Amr bn al-As ne ya mamaye yankin kamar yadda a baya aka dora wa na baya baya a yakin Ridda da murkushe Wadi'a, wanda ya tare kansa a Dumat al-Jandal. Crone, ya yi watsi da rawar da Khalid ya taka a Iraki gaba daya, ya tabbatar da cewa Khalid ya kame Dumat al-Jandal a yakin 631 kuma daga nan ya tsallaka hamada don shiga yakin Sham. Hanyar tafiya da tafiya hamada Taswirar da ke nuna jerin gwano guda uku na tattakin Khalid zuwa Siriya daga Iraki a wajajen Afrilu 634, kamar yadda masanin tarihi Fred Donner ya taƙaita. Yankin 'taron hamada' na hanyoyin tafiya ana nuna shi da ja. Mafarin tattakin gama gari na Khalid zuwa Sham shi ne al-Hira, bisa ga mafi yawan al'adun gargajiya, ban da al-Baladhuri, wanda ya sanya shi a Ayn al-Tamr. Bangaren tattakin gama gari da ake kira 'tattakin hamada' ta majiyoyin sun faru ne a wani mataki da ba a sani ba bayan tashin al-Hira. Wannan zangon ya sa Khalid da mutanensa - masu karfi tsakanin 500 zuwa 800 - suna tafiya daga wata rijiya da ake kira Quraqir suka haye wani babban jeji mara ruwa na tsawon kwanaki shida da dare biyar har suka isa wurin ruwa a wani wuri da ake kira Suwa. Da yake mutanensa ba su da isassun fatun ruwa da za su bi ta wannan nisa da dawakansu da rakuman su, Khalid ya sa wasu raƙumansa ashirin su ka ƙara yawan shan ruwansu na yau da kullun, ya rufe bakunansu don hana raƙuman ci da kuma lalata ruwan da ke cikin su; kowace ranar tafiya sai ya sa aka yanka rakuma da dama domin mutanensa su sha ruwan da aka ajiye a cikin rakuman. Amfani da rakuma a matsayin ajiyar ruwa da kuma gano magudanar ruwa a Suwa ya samo asali ne sakamakon nasihar da jagoransa Rafi ibn Amr na Tayyi ya yi wa Khalid. Ban da ayyukan da aka ambata a sama a Dumat al-Jandal da kogin Furat, lissafin gargajiya sun yi ittifaqi kan al'amura guda biyu ne kawai na hanyar Khalid zuwa Sham bayan tashin al-Hira: tattakin hamada tsakanin Quraqir da Suwa, da wani farmaki na baya-bayan nan. a kan kabilar Bahra a Suwa ko kusa da su da ayyukan da suka haifar da mika wuya ga Palmyra; in ba haka ba, sai suka rabu wajen bin hanyar Khalid. Dangane da waɗannan asusun, Donner ya taƙaita hanyoyi uku masu yiwuwa Khalid ya bi zuwa kusa da Damascus: biyu ta Palmyra daga arewa da kuma ta Dumat al-Jandal daga kudu. Kennedy ya lura cewa majiyoyin suna "tabbas daidai" a cikin shawarwarin hanyoyin tafiyarsu kuma babu "kawai babu sanin wane nau'i ne daidai". A cikin shirin tafiya na farko na Palmyra–Damascus, Khalid ya hau kan kogin Furat—ya bi ta wuraren da ya rage a baya—zuwa Jabal al-Bishri daga nan kuma ya wuce kudu maso yamma ta Palmyra, al-Qaryatayn da Huwwarin kafin ya isa yankin Damascus. A cikin wannan tafarki kawai tazarar da za a iya yin tattakin hamada shine tsakanin Jabal al-Bishri da Palmyra, ko da yake yankin da ke tsakanin wuraren biyu bai wuce tafiyar kwanaki shida ba kuma ya ƙunshi maɓuɓɓugar ruwa da dama. Hanyar Palmyra–Damascus hanya ce ta biyu kai tsaye tsakanin al-Hira da Palmyra ta Ayn al-Tamr. Tsakanin hamadar da ke tsakanin Ayn al-Tamr da Palmyra ya kai tsayin daka don tabbatar da tattakin na kwanaki shida kuma yana dauke da karancin ruwa, duk da cewa babu sunayen wuri da za a iya fassara shi da Qurakir ko Suwa. A cikin hanyar Dumat al-Jandal–Damascus, ana samun irin waɗannan sunayen, wato wuraren Qulban Qurajir, waɗanda ke da alaƙa da 'Qurakir', kusa da gefen gabas na Wadi Sirhan, da Sab Biyar, wanda aka gano da Suwa kilomita 150 (93 mi). gabas da Damascus. Tazarar da ke tsakanin rukunin yanar gizon biyu mai bushewa ne kuma yayi daidai da labarin tafiyar kwanaki shida. Tattakin Hamada shi ne abin da ya fi karramawa na balaguron Khalid da kuma adabin Futuh na zamanin da ('Yakin Musulunci) gaba daya. Kennedy ya rubuta cewa tattakin hamada "ya kasance cikin tarihi da almara. Majiyoyin Larabawa sun yi mamakin juriyarsa [Khalid]; malaman zamani sun gan shi a matsayin gwanin dabara." Ya kara da cewa "tabbas" Khalid ya hau wannan tattaki, "wani abin tunawa da juriya na soji", kuma "shigonsa Siriya wani muhimmin sinadari ne na nasarar makamai na musulmi a can". Masanin tarihi Moshe Gil ya kira tattakin da cewa "wani abin da ba shi da kamanceceniya" da kuma shaida "Halayen Khalid a matsayin fitaccen kwamanda". Masanin tarihi Ryan J. Lynch yana ganin tattakin hamadar Khalid wani adabi ne da marubutan al’adun Musulunci suka gina don samar da labarin da ya danganta mamayar musulmi a Iraki da Sham da kuma gabatar da mamayar a matsayin “al’amari ne mai kirgumi, wanda bai dace ba” a layi daya. tare da zargin da ake zargin marubutan. Lynch ya ci gaba da cewa, labarin tattakin, wanda "da zai kayatar da nishadantarwa" masu sauraren musulmi, an kirkiresu ne daga "gutsi na tunawa da zaman jama'a" da mazauna suka danganta mamaye garuruwansu ko yankunansu ga Khalid a matsayin hanyar "don samun kudin shiga." wani mataki na daraja ta hanyar haɗin gwiwa" tare da "sanannen janar". '''Yakin Siriya''' Yawancin asusun gargajiya na da sojojin musulmi na farko da aka tura zuwa Siriya daga Madina a farkon shekara ta 13 bayan hijira (farkon bazara 634). Kwamandojin rundunan musulmi su ne Amr bn al-As da Yazid bn Abi Sufyan da Shurahbil bn Hasana da Abu Ubayda bn al-Jarrah, duk da cewa na karshe bai kai kasar Sham ba sai bayan da Umar ya gaji halifanci a lokacin rani na shekara ta 634. , bayan rasuwar Abubakar. A cewar Donner, majiyoyin gargajiya na tuntuɓar sojojin Musulmi na farko zuwa Siriya ya kasance a baya bayan watanni da yawa. Mai yiwuwa ya faru ne a cikin kaka na 633, wanda ya fi dacewa da littafin tarihin Syriac na 724 wanda ba a san sunansa ba, wanda ya nuna tarihin yaƙin farko tsakanin sojojin musulmi da Rumawa zuwa Fabrairu 634. A lokacin Khalid ya bar Iraki, sojojin musulmi a Siriya. Tuni dai ya yi artabu da wasu sansanoni na Byzantine, ya kuma mamaye yankunan kudancin Syria, amma bai mallaki wata cibiyar birane ba. An nada Khalid babban kwamandan sojojin musulmi a Sham. Al-Baladhuri, al-Tabari, Ibn A'tham, al-Fasawi (wanda ya rasu a shekara ta 987) da Ibn Hubaysh al-Asadi sun ruwaito cewa, Abubakar ya nada Khalid babban kwamanda a matsayin wani bangare na sake tura shi daga Iraki zuwa Sham, inda ya bayar da misali da cewa; hazakar soja na janar da rikodi. Wani labari guda a cikin al-Baladhuri a maimakon haka ya danganta nadin Khalid da ijma'i tsakanin kwamandojin da suka rigaya a Siriya, ko da yake Athamina ya ce "ba shi yiwuwa mutum kamar (Amr bn al-As) ya amince" da irin wannan shawarar da son rai. Bayan hawansa, Umar zai iya tabbatar da Khalid a matsayin babban kwamanda. Khalid ya isa yankin karkarar Marj Rahit da ke arewacin Damascus bayan da sojojinsa suka yi tattaki zuwa hamada. Ya isa ranar Ista na waccan shekarar, watau 24 ga Afrilu 634, kwanan wata da ba kasafai aka ambata ba daga mafi yawan kafofin gargajiya, wanda Donner ke ganin zai yi daidai. A can, Khalid ya kai hari ga gungun Ghassanid da ke bikin Ista kafin shi ko wasu kwamandojinsa su kai hari a sansanin noman Ghouta da ke kusa da Damascus. Bayan haka, Khalid da kwamandojin sojojin musulmi na farko, ban da Amr, suka taru a Bosra kudu maso gabashin Dimashku. Cibiyar kasuwanci ta Bosra, tare da yankin Hauran da take a cikinta, a tarihi ta bai wa kabilun Larabawa makiyaya alkama da mai da ruwan inabi kuma Muhammadu ya ziyarce shi a lokacin kuruciyarsa. Ƙila Rumawa ba su sake kafa wani sansanin daular sarauta a cikin birnin ba bayan janyewar Sasaniya a shekara ta 628 kuma sojojin musulmi sun fuskanci turjiya a lokacin da suke kewaye. Bosra ya mamaye a karshen watan Mayu 634, wanda ya zama babban birni na farko a Siriya da ya fada hannun musulmi. Khalid da kwamandojin musulmi sun nufi yamma zuwa Falasdinu domin shiga cikin Amr a matsayin dakarun na baya a yakin Ajnadayn, babban karo na farko da sojojin Rumawa, a watan Yuli. Yaƙin ya ƙare da gagarumin nasara ga musulmi kuma Rumawa suka koma Pella ('Fahl' a Larabci), babban birni a gabashin kogin Jordan. Musulmai sun bi su kuma suka sake samun wata babbar nasara a yakin Fahl, ko da yake babu tabbas ko Amr ko Khalid ne ke da cikakken iko a cikin wannan alkawari. === Siege na Damascus === [[File:Muslim-Byzantine_troop_movement_(635-636).svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Muslim-Byzantine_troop_movement_(635-636).svg|alt=Muslim and Byzantine troop movements before the battle of Yarmouk|thumb|Ƙungiyoyin musulmi da na Rumawa a Siriya kafin yakin Yarmouk a shekara ta 636.]] Ragowar sojojin Rumawa daga Ajnadayn da Fahl sun koma arewa zuwa Damascus, inda kwamandojin Rumawa suka yi kira da a karfafa masarautu. Khalid ya ci gaba, watakila yana ba da rukunin Rumawa a filin Marj al-Suffar kafin ya kewaye birnin. An tuhumi kowanne daga cikin kwamandojin musulmi biyar da tare daya daga cikin kofofin birnin; Khalid ya tsaya a Bab Sharqi (Kofar Gabas). Tawaga ta shida da aka ajiye a Barzeh nan da nan a arewacin Damascus sun kori sojojin agaji da Sarkin Rumawa Heraclius (r. 575-641) ya aike. Hadisai da dama sun danganta yadda musulmi suka kama Damascus. Labarin da ya fi shahara shi ne Ibn Asakir na Damascus (wanda ya rasu a shekara ta 1175), wanda Khalid da mutanensa suka keta kofar Bab Sharqi. Khalid da mutanensa sun haura katangar gabas na birnin suka kashe masu gadi da sauran masu kare a Bab Sharqi. Yayin da dakarunsa suka shiga daga gabas, dakarun musulmi karkashin jagorancin Abu Ubayda sun shiga cikin lumana daga kofar Bab al-Jabiya ta yammacin kasar bayan tattaunawa da manyan jami'an Damascene karkashin jagorancin Mansur ibn Sarjun, wani babban jami'in birnin. Dakarun musulmi sun hadu a tsakiyar birnin inda aka amince da ka'idoji. A daya bangaren kuma, al-Baladhuri yana cewa Khalid ya shiga cikin aminci daga Bab Sharqi yayin da Abu Ubayda ya shigo daga yamma da karfi. Bincike na zamani ya yi tambaya kan isowar Abu Ubayda Sham a lokacin da aka yi wa kawanya. Caetani ya jefa shakku game da hadisai da aka ambata, yayin da dan Gabas Henri Lammens ya maye Abu Ubayda da Yazid bn Abi Sufyan. A cikin juzu'i na marubucin Siriyak Dionysius na Tel Mahre (wanda ya rasu a shekara ta 845) da kuma sarki Eutychius na Alexandria (d. 940), Damascenes da Mansur ke jagoranta, bayan sun gaji da kewaye kuma sun gamsu da ƙudurin maƙiyan, suka matso. Khalid a Bab Sharqi tare da tayin bude kofa domin samun tabbacin tsaro. Khalid ya karba kuma ya ba da umarnin rubuta yarjejeniyar yin magana. Ko da yake an rubuta nau'o'in yarjejeniyar Khalid da yawa a farkon Musulmi da Kiristanci, gaba ɗaya sun yarda cewa a kiyaye rayukan mazaunan, dukiyoyinsu da majami'u, don biyan kuɗin jizya (haraji). Musulmai sun kwace kadarorin daular. Yarjejeniyar ta yiwu ta zama abin koyi ga yarjejeniyoyin ƙulla yarjejeniya da aka yi a duk faɗin Siriya, da Iraki da Masar, a lokacin mamayar musulmi na farko. Ko da yake bayanan da al-Waqidi (wanda ya rasu a shekara ta 823) da Ibn Ishaq suka yi ittifaqi a kan cewa Damascus ta mika wuya a watan Agusta/Satumba 635, sun ba da lokuta daban-daban na kewayen daga watanni hudu zuwa goma sha hudu. === Yaƙin Yarmuk === [[File:Battlefield_of_yarmouk-mohammad_adil.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Battlefield_of_yarmouk-mohammad_adil.jpg|right|thumb|Kwaruruka na Kogin Yarmouk, a kusa da yakin Yarmouk]] [[File:Hayton_BNF886_9v.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Hayton_BNF886_9v.jpg|left|thumb|Misalin Yaƙin Yarmouk na wani mai zanen Catalan wanda ba a san shi ba (c. 1310–1325).]] A cikin bazara na shekara ta 636 Khalid ya janye sojojinsa daga Damascus zuwa tsohon babban birnin Ghassanid da ke Jabiya a cikin Golan. An sa shi ta hanyar gabatowar babban sojojin Rumawa wanda Heraclius ya aika, wanda ya kunshi sojojin daular mulkin Vahan da Theodore Trithyrius da sojojin kan iyaka, ciki har da mayaƙan doki na Larabawa na Kirista a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Ghassanid phylarch Jabala ibn al-Ayham da ma'aikatan Armeniya karkashin jagorancin wasu Georgius (wanda larabawa ke kira Jaraja). Masana tarihi na zamani suna jayayya da girman dakaru; Donner ya rike Rumawa fiye da Musulmai hudu zuwa daya, Walter E. Kaegi ya rubuta cewa Rumawa "watakila sun sami fifiko na lambobi" tare da sojoji 15,000-20,000 ko fiye, kuma John Walter Jandora ya ce akwai yiwuwar "kusa da lambobi" tsakanin bangarorin biyu. tare da musulmi mutum 36,000 (ciki har da 10,000 na sojojin Khalid) da Rumawa kusan 40,000. Sojojin Ruqqad sun kafa sansani a yankin Ruqqad da ke yamma da wuraren musulmi a Jabiya. Saboda haka Khalid ya ja baya, ya koma arewacin Kogin Yarmouk, kusa da inda Ruqqad ya hadu da Yarmouk. Yankin ya mamaye tuddai masu tsayi, maɓuɓɓugar ruwa, hanyoyi masu mahimmanci waɗanda ke haɗa Damascus zuwa Galili da wuraren kiwo na tarihi na Ghassanids. Fiye da wata guda musulmi suna ci gaba da fafutukar tabbatar da tsaro tsakanin Adhri'at (Daraa na zamani) da sansaninsu kusa da Dayr Ayyub inda suka fatattaki Rumawa a wani gumurzu da suka yi a wajen Jabiya a ranar 23 ga Yuli 636. Jandora ya tabbatar da cewa Larabawa Kirista da Armeniya na Rumawa. mataimaka sun watse ko suka koma, amma sojojin Rumawa sun kasance “mai girma”, wanda ya kunshi gadi na manya-manyan sojan doki, da masu gadin bayan sojojin sa-kai a lokacin da suka tunkari layin kare musulmi. Khalid ya raba dakarun dawakansa gida biyu, kowanne ya tsaya a bayan fikafikan sojojin musulmi na dama da na hagu don kare sojojinsa daga wani rufaffiyar wani rufaffiyar mayaƙan sojojin Rumawa. Ya ajiye manyan mahaya dawakai 200-300 don tallafawa tsakiyar layin tsaronsa sannan ya bar maharba da aka ajiye a sansanin musulmi kusa da Dayr Ayyub, inda za su iya yin tasiri sosai a kan rundunar Byzantine mai shigowa. Hare-haren farko da Rumawa suka yi a kan bangaren dama da hagu na musulmi ya ci tura, amma sun ci gaba da tafiya har sai da dukkanin layin musulmi ya koma baya ko kuma kamar yadda majiyoyin kiristoci na wannan zamani suka tabbatar, sun yi ja da baya. Rumawa sun bi musulmi zuwa sansaninsu, inda musulmi suka yi ta fama da garken rakumansu domin su samar da wasu lungu da sako na kariyar da sojojin dakaru za su iya yakarsu kuma sojojin na Rumawa ba su samu saukin shiga ba. A sakamakon haka, Rumawa sun kasance cikin rauni ga hare-hare daga maharba musulmi, aka dakatar da su kuma an fallasa gefen hagu. Khalid da sojojin dawakinsa sun yi amfani da wannan dama wajen huda Rumawa bangaren hagu, inda suka yi amfani da tazarar da ke tsakanin sojojin rundunan Rumawa da na doki. Khalid ya lullube mayaƙan mayaƙan dawakai na kowane bangare, amma da gangan ya bar wata buɗaɗɗen da Rumawa za su iya tserewa kawai daga arewa, nesa da sojojinsu. A cewar masanin tarihi na Bizantine na ƙarni na 9 Theophanes, sojojin Rumawa sun yi tawaye a ƙarƙashin Vahan, mai yiwuwa bisa la’akari da gazawar Theodore na fuskantar harin da aka kai wa sojojin doki. Daga baya kuma an fatattaki sojojin. A halin da ake ciki kuma sojojin dawakan na Byzantine sun ja da baya zuwa arewa zuwa yankin da ke tsakanin rundunonin Ruqqad da Allan. Khalid ya aika da runduna domin su bi su, suka hana su sake haduwa. Ya biyo bayan wani samame da dare ya yi inda ya kwace gadar Ruqqad, hanya daya tilo da za ta iya janyewa ga Rumawa. Daga nan ne musulmi suka afkawa sansanonin Rumawa a ranar 20 ga watan Agusta tare da kashe mafi yawan sojojin Rumawa, ko kuma suka haifar da firgici a cikin sahu na Rumawa, lamarin da ya yi sanadin mutuwar dubban mutane a cikin kwarin Yarmouk a kokarinsu na komawa yamma. Jandora ya ba da tabbacin nasarar da musulmi suka samu a Yarmouk ga hadin kai da "mafi girman jagoranci" na sojojin musulmi, musamman "hiza" na Khalid, idan aka kwatanta da rikice-rikicen da aka yi a cikin sojojin Rumawa da kuma dabarar Theodorus na al'ada, wanda Khalid "daidai". tsammani". A ra'ayin Gil, janyewar Khalid a gaban sojojin Heraclius, da ficewa daga Damascus da kuma ci gaba da kai ruwa rana a magudanar ruwa na Yarmouk "shaida ce ta kyakkyawar iyawarsa ta shiryawa da kuma gwanintarsa a fagen fama". Rikicin na Rumawa ya yi nuni da halaka sojojinsu na karshe a kasar Siriya, inda nan da nan suka sami nasarar samun nasarar da musulmi suka samu a baya a Palastinu da Transjordan tare da share fagen kwato birnin Damascus a cikin watan Disamba, a wannan karon da Abu Ubayda, da kuma mamaye kwarin Beqaa daga karshe. sauran Siriya a arewa. A kima na Jandora, Yarmouk yana daya daga cikin "yakin da suka fi muhimmanci a tarihin Duniya", wanda a karshe ya kai ga nasarar musulmi wanda ya fadada Halifanci tsakanin tsaunukan Pyrenees da tsakiyar Asiya. '''Ragewa''' An rike Khalid a matsayin babban kwamandan sojojin musulmi a Sham tsakanin watanni shida da shekaru biyu daga farkon halifancin Umar, dangane da madogararsa. Masana tarihi na zamani galibi sun yarda cewa korar da Umar ya yi wa Khalid ya faru ne a bayan Yarmuk. Halifa ya nada Abu Ubayda a wurin Khalid, ya mayar da dakarunsa ga sauran kwamandojin musulmi, sannan ya nada Khalid karkashin jagorancin daya daga cikin lardunan Abu Ubayda; umarni daga baya ya tura mafi yawan tsoffin sojojin Khalid zuwa Iraki. Majiyoyin Islama na farko sun kawo dalilai daban-daban na korar Khalid daga babban hafsan. Daga cikinsu har da yanke shawararsa mai zaman kansa da mafi karancin aiki tare da shugabanni a Madina; tsofaffin zarge-zarge na rashin da’a, da suka hada da kashe Malik bn Nuwayra da auren matar da Malik ta rasu; zargin da ake yi na raba ganima ga ’ya’yan manyan kabila don cutar da wadanda suka cancanta musulunta na farko; kiyayya ta sirri tsakanin Khalid da Umar; da rashin natsuwa da Umar ya yi a kan irin jaruntakar da Khalid ya ke da shi a tsakanin musulmi, wanda ya ke tsoron za ta iya rikidewa zuwa wata kungiyar asiri. Masana tarihi na zamani De Goeje, William Muir da Andreas Stratos sun kalli kiyayyar Umar da Khalid a matsayin sanadin korar Khalid. Shaban ya yarda da kiyayyar amma ya ce ba shi da wani tasiri a kan shawarar da halifa ya dauka. De Goeje ya yi watsi da tallafin da Khalid ya ba wa manyan kabilu, al'adar da aka saba yi tsakanin shugabannin Musulmi na farko ciki har da Muhammad, a matsayin dalilin korar shi. Muir, Becker, Stratos da Philip K. Hitti sun ba da shawarar cewa a ƙarshe an kori Khalid saboda nasarorin da musulmi suka samu a Siriya bayan Yarmouk ya buƙaci a maye gurbin wani kwamandan soji da ke shugabantar da ƙwararren shugaba kamar Abu Ubayda. Athamina yana shakkar duk dalilan da aka ambata, yana jayayya da dalilin "dole ne ya kasance mai mahimmanci" a lokacin da manyan sassan Siriya suka kasance ƙarƙashin ikon Byzantine kuma Heraclius bai bar lardin ba. Athamina ya riki cewa "da dukkan gazawarsa na soja", da Abu Ubayda ba za a yi la'akari da shi "madaidaicin maye gurbin basirar da ba ta misaltuwa ta Khalid". Rashin samun dakaru na yau da kullum na Madina, da bukatar sake tura mayaka zuwa wasu fagarori, da kuma barazanar da Rumawa ke yi ga samun nasarar musulmi a kasar Sham, duk ya bukaci kafa tsarin tsaro da ya danganci tsofaffin kabilun larabawa a kasar Siriya, wadanda suka kasance a matsayin runduna. na Byzantium. Bayan da madina ta yi kira ga manyan qungiyoyin Ghassanid da aka yi watsi da su, aka kulla alaka da Kalb da Judham da Lakhm. Wataƙila waɗannan ƙabilun sun ɗauki ɗimbin ƴan kabilar Larabawa da ke wajen sojojin Khalid a matsayin barazana ga ikonsu na siyasa da tattalin arziki. Sojojin Khalid na farko na mutum 500-800 sun kumbura zuwa 10,000 sakamakon yadda ’yan kabilar suka shiga sahun sojojinsa daga gaban Iraki ko Larabawa kuma sun kai 30,000-40,000 a cikin iyalansu. Athamina ya kammala Umar ya sallami Khalid kuma ya kira dakarunsa daga Sham a matsayin kai hari ga Kalb da abokansu. ===Ayyuka a arewacin Siriya=== Abu Ubayda da Khalid sun tashi daga Damascus zuwa arewa zuwa Homs (wanda ake kira Emesa ta Rumawa) kuma sun kewaye birnin watakila a cikin hunturu na 636-637. An yi wa kawanya a tsakanin nau'o'in nau'o'in nau'o'i da masu kare Byzantine suka yi kuma birnin ya mamaye a cikin bazara. Bisa ga sharuɗɗan mika wuya, an sanya haraji kan mazaunan don samun tabbacin kariya ga dukiyoyinsu, majami'u, injinan ruwa da ganuwar birni. An kebe kashi daya bisa hudu na cocin St. John don amfanin musulmi, kuma gidaje da lambuna da aka yi watsi da su Abu Ubaida ko Khalid suka kwashe suka rarraba a tsakanin sojojin musulmi da iyalansu. Saboda kusancinsa da hamadar hamada, ana kallon Homs a matsayin wurin zama mai kyau ga kabilun Larabawa kuma ya zama birni na farko a Siriya da ya sami yawan musulmi. Bayanai game da mamayar da suka biyo baya a arewacin Siriya ba su da yawa kuma sun yi karo da juna. Abu Ubayda ne ya aika Khalid ya ci Qinnasrin (wanda Rumawa ke kira Chalcis) da kuma Aleppo kusa da shi. Khalid ya fatattaki rundunar Rumawa karkashin jagorancin wani Minas a wajen birnin Qinnasrin. A can Khalid ya kebe mazauna garin biyo bayan roko da suka yi da cewa su Larabawa ne da Rumawa suka tilasta musu aikin soja. Ya bi shi da kewaye garin Qinnasrin mai katanga, wanda ya mamaye a watan Agusta/Satumba 638. Shi da Iyad bn Ghanm daga nan suka kaddamar da farmakin farko na musulmi zuwa yankin Anatoliya na Byzantine. Khalid ya mai da Qinnasrin hedkwatarsa, ya sauka a wurin shi da matarsa. Khalid aka nada Abu Ubaida mataimakin gwamna a Qinnasrin a shekara ta 638. Yaƙin neman zaɓe a kan Homs da Qinnasrin ya haifar da cin nasara a arewa maso yammacin Siriya kuma ya sa Heraclius ya bar hedkwatarsa a Edessa don Samosata a Anatolia kuma daga ƙarshe zuwa babban birnin daular Konstantinoful. Watakila Khalid ya shiga cikin harin da aka yi wa birnin Kudus, wanda aka kai a shekara ta 637 ko 638. A cewar al-Tabari, yana daya daga cikin shaidun wata wasika ta tabbatarwa da Umar ya aikewa sarki Sophronius na Kudus na tabbatar da tsaron mutanen birnin da dukiyoyin birnin. ===Kora da mutuwan Khalid bn Al-Walid=== Kamar yadda Sayf bn Umar ya ce, daga baya a shekara ta 638 Khalid ya yi ta yayata cewa ya raba ganima daga yakin da ya yi a arewacin Sham, ciki har da kudade ga mai martaba Kindite al-Ash'ath ibn Qays. Don haka Umar ya umurci Abu Ubaida ya yi wa Khalid tambayoyi a bainar jama’a tare da sauke Khalid daga mukaminsa ba tare da la’akari da sakamakon tambayoyin ba, haka kuma ya sanya Qinnasrin a karkashin jagorancin Abu Ubayda kai tsaye. Bayan tambayoyin da aka yi masa a Homs, Khalid ya yi jawabai na bankwana a jere ga sojojin da ke Qinnasrin da Homs kafin Umar ya kira shi zuwa Madina. Labarin Sayf ya lura cewa Umar ya aika da sanarwa zuwa ga rundunonin musulmi na Siriya da Iraki cewa an kori Khalid ba saboda rashin adalci ba amma saboda sojojin sun kasance "rashin kunya saboda shi [Khalid]" kuma yana jin tsoron za a yi rashin daidaituwa. Sun dogara gare shi maimakon Allah. Korar Khalid ba ta jawo cece-ku-ce a tsakanin jama’a ba, mai yiyuwa ne saboda wayewar kan siyasar musulmi na kiyayyar Umar ga Khalid, wadda ta shirya jama’a don korar shi, ko kuma saboda kiyayyar da ake yi wa Makhzum gaba daya sakamakon adawar da suka yi da Muhammad tun da farko. da musulmin farko. A cikin ruwayar Ibn Asakir, Umar ya bayyana a majalisar sojojin musulmi a Jabiya a shekara ta 638 cewa an kori Khalid ne saboda ya yi wa jaruman yaki da manyan kabilu da mawaka ganima a maimakon ya tanadi kudade ga musulmi mabukata. Babu wani kwamandojin da suka halarci taron da ya fito ya nuna adawarsa, sai wani dan Makhzumi da ya zargi Umar da saba wa umurnin soja da Muhammad ya ba Khalid. A cewar malamin fikihu al-Zuhri (a shekara ta 742), kafin rasuwarsa a shekara ta 639, Abu Ubayda ya nada Khalid da Iyad bn Ghanm a matsayin magajinsa, amma Umar ya tabbatar da Iyad ne kawai a matsayin gwamnan gundumar Homs-Qinnasrin-Jazira, sannan ya nada Yazid. ibn Abi Sufyan gwamnan sauran sham, wato gundumomin Damascus, Jordan da Palastinu. Khalid ya rasu a Madina ko Homs a shekara ta 21 bayan hijira (a.k. 642 Miladiyya). Hadisai da aka ambata game da Khalid sun haɗa da gargaɗin Muhammadu ga Musulmi kada su cutar da Khalid da annabce-annabce cewa za a yi wa Khalid zalunci duk da gagarumar gudunmawar da ya bayar ga Musulunci. A cikin riwayoyin adabin Musulunci, Umar ya bayyana nadama kan sallamar Khalid da matan Madina suka yi na rasuwarsa baki daya. Athamina tana daukar wadannan duka a matsayin "baya wuce kalaman nuna juyayi a bangaren al'ummomin da suka biyo baya kan jarumtar Khalid kamar yadda al'adar Musulunci ta bayyana". ===Iyali da masu da'awar zuri'a=== Tun akalla karni na 12, ana zargin kabarin Khalid yana cikin masallacin Khalid ibn al-Walid a birnin Homs na kasar Syria a yau. Kabarin Khalid a cikin Masallacin Khalid bn al-Walid Babban ɗan Khalid sunansa Sulayman, don haka kunyarsa ('paedonymic') Abu Sulayman ('uban Sulaiman'). Khalid ya auri Asma, diyar Anas bn Mudrik, fitaccen jigo kuma mawaki na kabilar Khath'am. Ɗansu Abd al-Rahman ya zama babban kwamanda a yaƙin Larabawa-Byzantine kuma na hannun damar Mu'awiya ibn Abi Sufyan, gwamnan Sham kuma daga baya wanda ya kafa kuma khalifan farko na khalifancin Umayyawa, ya zama mataimakin gwamnan na ƙarshen. gundumar Homs-Qinnasrin-Jazira. Wani dan Khalid, Muhajir, shi ne mai goyon bayan Ali, wanda ya yi mulki a matsayin halifa a shekara ta 656-661, kuma ya rasu yana yakar sojojin Mu'awiya a yakin Siffin a shekara ta 657 a lokacin yakin basasar musulmi na farko. Bayan rasuwar Abd al-Rahman a shekara ta 666, bisa zarginsa da shan gubar da Mu'awiya ya umarta, dan Muhajir Khalid ya yi yunkurin daukar fansa kan kisan kawun nasa, aka kama shi, amma daga baya Mu'awiya ya sake shi bayan Khalid ya biya kudin jininsa. Khalid dan Abd al-Rahman shi ne kwamandan yakin ruwan yaki da Rumawa a shekara ta 668 ko 669. Babu wata muhimmiyar rawar da dangin Khalid suka taka a tarihin tarihi. Asalin zuriyarsa na maza ya kare ne zuwa ga rugujewar daular Umayyawa a shekara ta 750 ko kuma jim kadan bayan da dukan zuriyarsa maza arba'in suka mutu a wata annoba a kasar Sham, in ji masanin tarihi na karni na 11 Ibn Hazm. Don haka dukiyoyin iyalansa da suka hada da gidansa da wasu gidaje da dama a Madina, Ayyub bn Salama, jikan Khalid al-Walid bn al-Walid ne ya gaji shi. Sun kasance a hannun zuriyar Ayyub har zuwa aƙalla ƙarshen karni na 9. Iyalan mawaƙin Balarabe na ƙarni na 12 Ibn al-Qaysarani sun yi iƙirarin cewa zuriyarsu ta fito daga Muhajir bn Khalid, ko da yake ɗan tarihi Ibn Khallikan na ƙarni na 13 ya lura da’awar ta ci karo da ijma’in masana tarihi da tarihin Larabci cewa zuriyar Khalid ta ƙare a farkon zamanin Musulunci. . Wata ila zuriyar mace ta tsira kuma shugaban addinin Sufi na ƙarni na 15 Siraj al-Din Muhammad ibn Ali al-Makhzumi na Homs ya yi iƙirarin. Kizil Ahmed Bey shugaban Isfendiyarids wanda ya mulki wata hukuma a yankin Anatoliya har zuwa lokacin da daular Usmaniyya ta mamaye ta, ya kirkiro daularsa ta asali daga Khalid. Kabilar Sur a karkashin Sher Shah, wani sarkin Indiya na karni na 16, su ma sun yi ikirarin zuriyar Khalid. == Legacy == Ana daukar Khalid "daya daga cikin hazaka na farkon Musulunci" na Donner.{{sfn|Donner|1981|p=111}} A cikin kima na Kennedy, Khalid ya kasance "hazikin kwamandan soja maras tausayi, amma wanda musulmin kirki ba zai taba jin dadi da shi ba".{{sfn|Kennedy|2007|p=81}} Ya lura cewa zamanin da “Hadisin Larabci suna ba wa Khalid girman kai a matsayin kwamandan da ya ba da jagoranci mafi inganci, ko da bayan Umar ya kore shi daga babban kwamandan mulki” kuma “sunansa na babban Janar ya dade tun daga tsararraki da tituna. sunansa a duk fadin kasashen Larabawa”.{{sfn|Kennedy|2007|pp=75–76}} A yayin da ake fahimtar nasarorin da ya samu a soja, majiyoyin gargajiya sun gabatar da kima iri-iri na Khalid saboda tunkarar sa da Muhammadu a Uhud, da sunan da ya yi na zalunci ko rashin daidaito a kan kabilun Larabawa a lokacin yakin Ridda da kuma shaharar da ya yi na soja wanda ya dagula masu addini na farko zuwa ga addinin Musulunci. Musulunci. A cewar masanin tarihi Richard Blackburn, duk da kokarin da majiyoyin gargajiya na Musulunci suka yi na bata sunan Khalid, sunansa ya bunkasa a matsayin "babban jarumin Musulunci" a zamanin Muhammad da Abubakar da kuma yakin Sham. Masanin tarihin nan Carole Hillenbrand ya kira Khalid "wanda ya fi kowa shahara a cikin dukkanin janar-janar musulmin larabawa",{{sfn|Hillenbrand|1999|p=230}} Humphreys ya siffanta shi da "watakila shi ne fitaccen janar na larabawa mai hazaka a yakin Riddah [sic] da yakin farko na [Musulmi].{{sfn|Humphreys|1990|p=72, note 124}} Musulmi ‘yan Sunna suna kallon Khalid a matsayin gwarzon yaki a wajen musulmi ‘yan Sunna, yayin da da yawa daga cikin musulmi ‘yan Shi’a ke kallonsa a matsayin mai laifin yaki saboda kisan da ya yi wa Malik bn Nuwayra da kuma auren matar da ya mutu ba tare da bata lokaci ba, wanda ya saba wa zamanin da musulunci ya saba yi.{{sfn|Mulder|2014|pp=92–93}} === Mausoleum a cikin Homs === Tun daga lokacin Ayyubid a Siriya (1182-1260), Homs ya sami suna a matsayin gidan da ake zaton kabari da masallacin Khalid.{{sfn|Sirriya|1979|p=116}} Balarabe matafiyi na karni na 12 Ibn Jubayr (wanda ya rasu a shekara ta 1217) ya lura cewa kabarin yana dauke da kaburburan Khalid da dansa Abd al-Rahman.{{sfn|Blackburn|2005|p=75, note 195}} Al’adar Musulmi tun daga lokacin ta sanya kabarin Khalid a cikin garin.{{sfn|Blackburn|2005|p=75, note 195}} Sarkin Ayyubid na farko Saladin (r. 1171–1193) ya canza ginin kuma a cikin karni na 13.{{sfn|Sirriya|1979|p=116}} Sarkin Mamluk sultan Baybars (r. 1260–1277) ya yi ƙoƙarin danganta nasarorin da ya samu na soja da na Khalid ta hanyar sanya wani rubutu da aka sassaƙa a makabartar Khalid da ke Homs a shekara ta 1266.{{sfn|Hillenbrand|1999|p=230}} A ziyararsa ta ƙarni na 17 a makabartar, malamin musulmi. Abd al-Ghani al-Nabulsi ya yarda cewa an binne Khalid a can amma kuma ya lura da wata al'adar Musulunci ta dabam cewa kabarin na jikan Mu'awiya Khalid bn Yazid ne (d. 704). Masallacin na yanzu ya kasance a 1908 lokacin da hukumomin Ottoman suka sake gina ginin. == Manazarta == 4achrnmgbatjgsm4t9lls3srzroxwbh 0 33046 878758 851502 2026-07-08T02:37:11Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878758 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Madi Queta''' (an Laifi shi a ranar 21 ga Oktoba 1998) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Bissau-Guinean wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan ƙwallo na Ligue Portugal 2 club Penafiel da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙasa ta Guinea-Bissau. == Ayyukan kulob din == A ranar 19 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 2017, Queta ya fara buga wasan farko tare da FC Porto B a wasan LigaPro na 2017-18 da Penafiel. A watan Yunin 2022 ya shiga kungiyar Cherno More Varna ta Bulgarian First League . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Velkov, Zhelyazko |date=27 June 2022 |title=Черно море подписа с бивш юношески национал на Португалия |url=https://www.kotasport.com/cherno-more-podpisa-s-bivsh-yunosheski-natsional-na-portugalia/ |access-date=16 February 2023 |website=kotasport.com |language=Bulgarian}}</ref> A watan Janairun 2023, Queta ya koma Portugal, ya sanya hannu kan kwangila tare da kungiyar Vilafranquense na biyu.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=20 January 2023 |title=Madi Queta regressa a Portugal para alinhar pelo Vilafranquense |url=https://www.record.pt/futebol/futebol-nacional/2--liga/vilafranquense/detalhe/madi-queta-regressa-a-portugal-para-alinhar-pelo-vilafranquense |access-date=16 February 2023 |website=record.pt |language=Portuguese }}{{Dead link|date=July 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A ranar 3 ga Yulin 2023, Queta ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekara guda tare da kungiyar Ligue Portugal 2 Mafra . <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 July 2023 |title=Madi Queta é reforço para 23/24 |trans-title=Madi Queta is reinforcement for 23/24 |url=https://www.cdmafra.com/pt/noticias/madi-queta-e-reforco-para-2324/ |access-date=2 October 2023 |publisher=C.D. Mafra |language=pt-pt |archive-date=25 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240525181838/https://www.cdmafra.com/pt/noticias/madi-queta-e-reforco-para-2324/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> A ranar 19 ga watan Janairun 2024, bayan ya zira kwallaye daya a wasanni bakwai da ya buga wa Mafra, Queta ya dakatar da kwangilarsa tare da kulob din ta hanyar yarjejeniyar juna kuma ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekara daya da rabi tare da kungiyar Sabail ta Azerbaijan Premier League . <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 January 2024 |title=Obrigado, Maddi! |trans-title=Thank you, Maddi! |url=https://www.cdmafra.com/pt/noticias/obrigado-maddi/ |access-date=19 January 2024 |publisher=C.D. Mafra |language=pt }}{{Dead link|date=July 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=19 January 2024 |title="Səbail" PFK Madi Quetanı heyətinə qatıb |trans-title="Sabail" PFK added Madi Queta to its team |url=https://www.sabailfc.az/news_details/130 |access-date=19 January 2024 |publisher=Sabail FK |language=az}}</ref> == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == An haife shi a Guinea-Bissau, kuma ya girma a Portugal, Queta tsohon matashi ne na kasa da kasa na Portugal. Ya fara wasa tare da tawagar kasar Guinea-Bissau a wasan sada zumunci 3-0 a kan [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Equatorial Guinea|Equatorial Guinea]] a ranar 23 ga Maris 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=23 March 2022 |title=Baciro Candé aposta em oito estreias no onze dos djurtus contra Guiné-Equatorial |url=https://ogologb.net/2022/03/23/baciro-cande-aposta-em-oito-estreias-no-onze-dos-djurtus-contra-guine-equatorial/ |access-date=24 March 2022 |website=ogologb.net |language=Portuguese}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * Madi Quetaa ForaDeJogo (an adana shi) * {{Soccerway|madi-queta/377319}} * Madi QuetaBayanan ƙungiyar ƙasa aƘungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Portugal (a cikin Portuguese) [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1998]] p94f51dolkd1uujcqm4ti05ruj4ayyo 0 33446 878872 535361 2026-07-08T10:00:26Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878872 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mandy La Candy,''' '[[Kanada|yar ƙasar Kanada]] ce mai [[Maza|canza jinsi da]] ke zaune a [[Najeriya|kasar Najeriya]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Deolu|date=2014-07-19|title=Nigerian Transgender, Mandy La Candy Surfaces, Follows Miss SaHHara's Steps|url=https://www.informationng.com/2014/07/nigerian-transgender-mandy-la-candy-surfaces-follows-miss-sahharas-steps.html|access-date=2021-09-04|website=Information Nigeria|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2014-07-18|title=Another Nigerian Transgender, Mandy La Candy Surfaces|url=https://www.pulse.ng/gist/man-woman-another-nigerian-transgender-mandy-la-candy-surfaces/ck2113r|access-date=2021-09-04|website=Pulse Nigeria|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-11-05|title=Meet Four Known Nigerian Transgenders (PHOTOS)|url=https://www.withinnigeria.com/2018/11/05/meet-four-known-nigerian-transgenders-photos/|access-date=2021-09-07|website=Within Nigeria|language=en-US}}</ref> An san Mandy da '''Okwudili''' kafin ta rikide ya zama mace.<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Odinaka|last2=Odinaka|date=2016-10-11|title=Photos of Europe-based Nigerian Lady, Mandy La Candy Who Used to be a Man Turns Heads Online|url=https://www.tori.ng/news/42682/photos-of-europebased-nigerian-lady-mandy-la-candy.html|access-date=2021-09-04|website=Tori.ng}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-10-11|title=This Nigerian transgender looks hot and really sexy in new photos|url=https://allure.vanguardngr.com/2016/10/nigerian-transgender-looks-hot-really-sexy-new-photos/|access-date=2021-09-05|website=Vanguard Allure|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-08-17|title=Top Nigerian gays, lesbians, transgenders|url=https://www.pulse.ng/gist/non-conformists-top-nigerian-gays-lesbians-transgenders/r4dxdfg|access-date=2021-09-09|website=Pulse Nigeria|language=en}}</ref> A cikin shekarar, 2016, ta buga/ɗauki hoton kansa da matar tsohon shugaban [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]] Melania Trump, [[Donald Trump]], a cikin labarin mai suna " ''tsohuwar mujallar playboy'' ''" Idan Melanie mai irin waɗannan hotuna na iya zama uwargidan shugaban ƙasa mai kama da wannan, me yasa ba zan iya ba.''<ref>{{Cite web|newspaper=Sahara Weekly|date=2016-11-10|title=Nigerian transgender, Mandy Candy -If Trump's wife can dress nude and be the first lady, then I can|url=https://saharaweeklyng.com/nigerian-transgender-mandy-candy-if-trumps-wife-can-dress-nude-and-be-first-lady-then-i-can/|access-date=2021-09-05|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-09-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210905185809/https://saharaweeklyng.com/nigerian-transgender-mandy-candy-if-trumps-wife-can-dress-nude-and-be-first-lady-then-i-can/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Ogbeche|first=Danielle|date=2016-11-10|title=If Trump's wife can dress nude and be first lady, then I can - Nigerian transgender, Mandy Candy|url=https://dailypost.ng/2016/11/10/trumps-wife-can-dress-nude-first-lady-can-nigerian-transgender-mandy-candy/|access-date=2021-09-05|website=Daily Post Nigeria|language=en-US}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[category:Rayayyun Mutane]] 1wi7zx8a26o7kvnaupzl5gd74qdvavn 0 34284 878825 839812 2026-07-08T08:39:21Z Nnamadee 31123 878825 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29665270956).jpg|thumb|Arie kouandjio]] [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29589457862).jpg|thumb|ceremony ]] [[File:Arie_Kouandjio_2016.jpg|200px|right|thumbnail|Arie Manuel Kouandjio]] '''Arie Manuel Kouandjio''' (An haife shi ranar 23 ga watan Afrilu, 1992). tsohon mai tsaron ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar [[Kamaru]]. Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Alabama, kuma [[Washington]] Redskins ne ya tsara shi a zagaye na hudu na 2015 NFL Draft. == Rayuwar farko == Georgette da Jean-Claude Kouandjio, mahaifiyar Arie da mahaifinsa, sun yi ƙaura zuwa Amurka daga [[Kamaru]] a shekara ta 1998 sa’ad da yake ɗan shekara shida. <ref name="ArieCitizenship">Sabin, Rainer. [http://www.al.com/alabamafootball/index.ssf/2016/09/as_fellow_nfl_players_sit_for.html As fellow NFL players sit for anthem, former Alabama OL proud to become an American], Alabama Media Group, September 13, 2016.</ref> Kouandjio da farko ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta High Point a Beltsville, Maryland, inda ya buga kwallon kafa don shirin Eagles. Bayan shekara ta biyu an ɗauke shi aiki kuma aka koma shi zuwa DeMatha Catholic High School a Hyattsville, Maryland tare da ƙanensa Cyrus, inda ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa don shirin Stags. Ya kasance mai daukar taurari hudu ta Rivals.com. A cikin Fabrairu 2010, ya himmatu zuwa Jami'ar Alabama don buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji. == Aikin koleji == [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29589457862).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio a tsakiya ]] [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29665273376).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio]] Kouandjio ya kasance jajayen riga a matsayin sabon saurayi na gaskiya a cikin 2010. A matsayin dan wasan jajayen riga a shekarar 2011, ya buga wasanni biyu kafin raunin gwiwa ya kare kakarsa. A matsayinsa na biyu a cikin 2012, Kouandjio ya buga wasanni 11 cikin 14 a matsayin madadin. Ya zama mafari a karon farko yana ƙarami a cikin 2013, yana farawa duk wasanni 13. Kouandjio ya dawo a matsayin farkon babban shekara a 2014. Ya fara duk wasanni 14 kuma an kira shi ƙungiya ta biyu Ba -Amurke . == Sana'ar sana'a == {{NFL predraft|height ft=6|height in=4¾|weight=310|dash=|ten split=|twenty split=|shuttle=|cone drill=|vertical=|broad ft=|broad in=|bench=|arm span=34⅛|hand span=10⅞|wonderlic=|note=All values from NFL Combine<ref>{{Cite web |title=Arie-Manuel Kouandjio Combine Profile |url=https://www.nfl.com/prospects/arie-manuel-kouandjio/32194b4f-5505-0326-33d3-2a972c432b30 |access-date=September 16, 2020 |website=NFL.com}}</ref>}} === Washington Redskins === Washington Redskins ta tsara Kouandjio a zagaye na huɗu tare da zaɓi na 112 na gaba ɗaya a cikin 2015 NFL Draft. Ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru hudu a ranar 11 ga Mayu, 2015. === Baltimore Ravens === A ranar 19 ga Satumba, 2017, an rattaba hannu kan Kouandjio zuwa tawagar horarwa ta Baltimore Ravens. === Washington Redskins (lokaci na biyu) === A ranar 28 ga Oktoba, 2017, Kouandjio ya rattaba hannu a kan kungiyar Redskins daga kungiyar wasan Ravens. Ya buga wasanni takwas a cikin 2017, yana farawa shida a gadin dama. [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29619638191).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio]] A ranar 15 ga Mayu, 2018, an sanar da cewa za a yi wa Kouandjio tiyatar quad saboda wani bangare na hawaye. Mako mai zuwa, bayan tiyatar, an ba da rahoton cewa Kouandjio ba zai rasa dukkan kakar wasa ta 2018 ba. === New York Masu gadi === An tsara Kouandjio a cikin zagaye na 10 a cikin kashi na biyu a cikin 2020 XFL Draft ta Masu gadi na New York. == Rayuwa ta sirri == [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29665270956).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio]] Kanin Kouandjio, Cyrus, wanda ya taka leda a Alabama a matsayin tuntuɓe kuma an zaɓi shi a zagaye na biyu na 2014 NFL Draft ta Buffalo Bills. Kouandjio ya zama ɗan ƙasar Amurka a ranar 13 ga Satumba, 2016.<ref name="ArieCitizenship">Sabin, Rainer. [http://www.al.com/alabamafootball/index.ssf/2016/09/as_fellow_nfl_players_sit_for.html As fellow NFL players sit for anthem, former Alabama OL proud to become an American], Alabama Media Group, September 13, 2016.</ref> == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20141121141732/http://www.rolltide.com/sports/m-footbl/mtt/arie_kouandjio_713420.html Alabama Crimson Tide bio] * [https://www.redskins.com/team/players-roster/arie-kouandjio/ Washington Redskins bio] {{2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football navbox}}{{2012 Alabama Crimson Tide football navbox}}{{Redskins2015DraftPicks}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 6yqd0yf4w87vcmgabaxo0ud9s23voi8 878826 878825 2026-07-08T08:40:48Z Nnamadee 31123 878826 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29665270956).jpg|thumb|Arie kouandjio]] [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29589457862).jpg|thumb|ceremony ]] [[File:Arie_Kouandjio_2016.jpg|200px|right|thumbnail|Arie Manuel Kouandjio]] '''Arie Manuel Kouandjio''' (An haife shi ranar 23 ga watan Afrilu, 1992). tsohon mai tsaron ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar [[Kamaru]]. Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Alabama, kuma [[Washington]] Redskins ne ya tsara shi a zagaye na hudu na 2015 NFL Draft. == Rayuwar farko == Georgette da Jean-Claude Kouandjio, mahaifiyar Arie da mahaifinsa, sun yi ƙaura zuwa Amurka daga [[Kamaru]] a shekara ta 1998 sa’ad da yake ɗan shekara shida. <ref name="ArieCitizenship">Sabin, Rainer. [http://www.al.com/alabamafootball/index.ssf/2016/09/as_fellow_nfl_players_sit_for.html As fellow NFL players sit for anthem, former Alabama OL proud to become an American], Alabama Media Group, September 13, 2016.</ref> Kouandjio da farko ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta High Point a Beltsville, Maryland, inda ya buga kwallon kafa don shirin Eagles. Bayan shekara ta biyu an ɗauke shi aiki kuma aka koma shi zuwa DeMatha Catholic High School a Hyattsville, Maryland tare da ƙanensa Cyrus,<ref>"Arie Kouandjio #60 OG". NFL. May 2, 2015. Retrieved March 30, 2019.</ref> inda ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa don shirin Stags. Ya kasance mai daukar taurari hudu ta Rivals.com. A cikin Fabrairu 2010, ya himmatu zuwa Jami'ar Alabama don buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji. == Aikin koleji == [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29589457862).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio a tsakiya ]] [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29665273376).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio]] Kouandjio ya kasance jajayen riga a matsayin sabon saurayi na gaskiya a cikin 2010. A matsayin dan wasan jajayen riga a shekarar 2011, ya buga wasanni biyu kafin raunin gwiwa ya kare kakarsa. A matsayinsa na biyu a cikin 2012, Kouandjio ya buga wasanni 11 cikin 14 a matsayin madadin. Ya zama mafari a karon farko yana ƙarami a cikin 2013, yana farawa duk wasanni 13. Kouandjio ya dawo a matsayin farkon babban shekara a 2014. Ya fara duk wasanni 14 kuma an kira shi ƙungiya ta biyu Ba -Amurke . == Sana'ar sana'a == {{NFL predraft|height ft=6|height in=4¾|weight=310|dash=|ten split=|twenty split=|shuttle=|cone drill=|vertical=|broad ft=|broad in=|bench=|arm span=34⅛|hand span=10⅞|wonderlic=|note=All values from NFL Combine<ref>{{Cite web |title=Arie-Manuel Kouandjio Combine Profile |url=https://www.nfl.com/prospects/arie-manuel-kouandjio/32194b4f-5505-0326-33d3-2a972c432b30 |access-date=September 16, 2020 |website=NFL.com}}</ref>}} === Washington Redskins === Washington Redskins ta tsara Kouandjio a zagaye na huɗu tare da zaɓi na 112 na gaba ɗaya a cikin 2015 NFL Draft. Ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru hudu a ranar 11 ga Mayu, 2015. === Baltimore Ravens === A ranar 19 ga Satumba, 2017, an rattaba hannu kan Kouandjio zuwa tawagar horarwa ta Baltimore Ravens. === Washington Redskins (lokaci na biyu) === A ranar 28 ga Oktoba, 2017, Kouandjio ya rattaba hannu a kan kungiyar Redskins daga kungiyar wasan Ravens. Ya buga wasanni takwas a cikin 2017, yana farawa shida a gadin dama. [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29619638191).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio]] A ranar 15 ga Mayu, 2018, an sanar da cewa za a yi wa Kouandjio tiyatar quad saboda wani bangare na hawaye. Mako mai zuwa, bayan tiyatar, an ba da rahoton cewa Kouandjio ba zai rasa dukkan kakar wasa ta 2018 ba. === New York Masu gadi === An tsara Kouandjio a cikin zagaye na 10 a cikin kashi na biyu a cikin 2020 XFL Draft ta Masu gadi na New York. == Rayuwa ta sirri == [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29665270956).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio]] Kanin Kouandjio, Cyrus, wanda ya taka leda a Alabama a matsayin tuntuɓe kuma an zaɓi shi a zagaye na biyu na 2014 NFL Draft ta Buffalo Bills. Kouandjio ya zama ɗan ƙasar Amurka a ranar 13 ga Satumba, 2016.<ref name="ArieCitizenship">Sabin, Rainer. [http://www.al.com/alabamafootball/index.ssf/2016/09/as_fellow_nfl_players_sit_for.html As fellow NFL players sit for anthem, former Alabama OL proud to become an American], Alabama Media Group, September 13, 2016.</ref> == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20141121141732/http://www.rolltide.com/sports/m-footbl/mtt/arie_kouandjio_713420.html Alabama Crimson Tide bio] * [https://www.redskins.com/team/players-roster/arie-kouandjio/ Washington Redskins bio] {{2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football navbox}}{{2012 Alabama Crimson Tide football navbox}}{{Redskins2015DraftPicks}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 95yhm6b20xphe9hqvq7ki5k274rnzqv 878827 878826 2026-07-08T08:41:26Z Nnamadee 31123 878827 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29665270956).jpg|thumb|Arie kouandjio]] [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29589457862).jpg|thumb|ceremony ]] [[File:Arie_Kouandjio_2016.jpg|200px|right|thumbnail|Arie Manuel Kouandjio]] '''Arie Manuel Kouandjio''' (An haife shi ranar 23 ga watan Afrilu, 1992). tsohon mai tsaron ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar [[Kamaru]]. Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Alabama, kuma [[Washington]] Redskins ne ya tsara shi a zagaye na hudu na 2015 NFL Draft. == Rayuwar farko == Georgette da Jean-Claude Kouandjio, mahaifiyar Arie da mahaifinsa, sun yi ƙaura zuwa Amurka daga [[Kamaru]] a shekara ta 1998 sa’ad da yake ɗan shekara shida. <ref name="ArieCitizenship">Sabin, Rainer. [http://www.al.com/alabamafootball/index.ssf/2016/09/as_fellow_nfl_players_sit_for.html As fellow NFL players sit for anthem, former Alabama OL proud to become an American], Alabama Media Group, September 13, 2016.</ref> Kouandjio da farko ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta High Point a Beltsville, Maryland, inda ya buga kwallon kafa don shirin Eagles. Bayan shekara ta biyu an ɗauke shi aiki kuma aka koma shi zuwa DeMatha Catholic High School a Hyattsville, Maryland tare da ƙanensa Cyrus,<ref>"Arie Kouandjio #60 OG". NFL. May 2, 2015. Retrieved March 30, 2019.</ref> inda ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa don shirin Stags. Ya kasance mai daukar taurari hudu ta Rivals.com.<ref>"Rivals.com". ''sports.yahoo.com''.</ref> A cikin Fabrairu 2010, ya himmatu zuwa Jami'ar Alabama don buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji. == Aikin koleji == [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29589457862).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio a tsakiya ]] [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29665273376).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio]] Kouandjio ya kasance jajayen riga a matsayin sabon saurayi na gaskiya a cikin 2010. A matsayin dan wasan jajayen riga a shekarar 2011, ya buga wasanni biyu kafin raunin gwiwa ya kare kakarsa. A matsayinsa na biyu a cikin 2012, Kouandjio ya buga wasanni 11 cikin 14 a matsayin madadin. Ya zama mafari a karon farko yana ƙarami a cikin 2013, yana farawa duk wasanni 13. Kouandjio ya dawo a matsayin farkon babban shekara a 2014. Ya fara duk wasanni 14 kuma an kira shi ƙungiya ta biyu Ba -Amurke . == Sana'ar sana'a == {{NFL predraft|height ft=6|height in=4¾|weight=310|dash=|ten split=|twenty split=|shuttle=|cone drill=|vertical=|broad ft=|broad in=|bench=|arm span=34⅛|hand span=10⅞|wonderlic=|note=All values from NFL Combine<ref>{{Cite web |title=Arie-Manuel Kouandjio Combine Profile |url=https://www.nfl.com/prospects/arie-manuel-kouandjio/32194b4f-5505-0326-33d3-2a972c432b30 |access-date=September 16, 2020 |website=NFL.com}}</ref>}} === Washington Redskins === Washington Redskins ta tsara Kouandjio a zagaye na huɗu tare da zaɓi na 112 na gaba ɗaya a cikin 2015 NFL Draft. Ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru hudu a ranar 11 ga Mayu, 2015. === Baltimore Ravens === A ranar 19 ga Satumba, 2017, an rattaba hannu kan Kouandjio zuwa tawagar horarwa ta Baltimore Ravens. === Washington Redskins (lokaci na biyu) === A ranar 28 ga Oktoba, 2017, Kouandjio ya rattaba hannu a kan kungiyar Redskins daga kungiyar wasan Ravens. Ya buga wasanni takwas a cikin 2017, yana farawa shida a gadin dama. [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29619638191).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio]] A ranar 15 ga Mayu, 2018, an sanar da cewa za a yi wa Kouandjio tiyatar quad saboda wani bangare na hawaye. Mako mai zuwa, bayan tiyatar, an ba da rahoton cewa Kouandjio ba zai rasa dukkan kakar wasa ta 2018 ba. === New York Masu gadi === An tsara Kouandjio a cikin zagaye na 10 a cikin kashi na biyu a cikin 2020 XFL Draft ta Masu gadi na New York. == Rayuwa ta sirri == [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29665270956).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio]] Kanin Kouandjio, Cyrus, wanda ya taka leda a Alabama a matsayin tuntuɓe kuma an zaɓi shi a zagaye na biyu na 2014 NFL Draft ta Buffalo Bills. Kouandjio ya zama ɗan ƙasar Amurka a ranar 13 ga Satumba, 2016.<ref name="ArieCitizenship">Sabin, Rainer. [http://www.al.com/alabamafootball/index.ssf/2016/09/as_fellow_nfl_players_sit_for.html As fellow NFL players sit for anthem, former Alabama OL proud to become an American], Alabama Media Group, September 13, 2016.</ref> == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20141121141732/http://www.rolltide.com/sports/m-footbl/mtt/arie_kouandjio_713420.html Alabama Crimson Tide bio] * [https://www.redskins.com/team/players-roster/arie-kouandjio/ Washington Redskins bio] {{2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football navbox}}{{2012 Alabama Crimson Tide football navbox}}{{Redskins2015DraftPicks}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] olaxqim2eawjfehujgdxldn5idynqyp 878828 878827 2026-07-08T08:41:55Z Nnamadee 31123 878828 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29665270956).jpg|thumb|Arie kouandjio]] [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29589457862).jpg|thumb|ceremony ]] [[File:Arie_Kouandjio_2016.jpg|200px|right|thumbnail|Arie Manuel Kouandjio]] '''Arie Manuel Kouandjio''' (An haife shi ranar 23 ga watan Afrilu, 1992). tsohon mai tsaron ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar [[Kamaru]]. Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Alabama, kuma [[Washington]] Redskins ne ya tsara shi a zagaye na hudu na 2015 NFL Draft. == Rayuwar farko == Georgette da Jean-Claude Kouandjio, mahaifiyar Arie da mahaifinsa, sun yi ƙaura zuwa Amurka daga [[Kamaru]] a shekara ta 1998 sa’ad da yake ɗan shekara shida. <ref name="ArieCitizenship">Sabin, Rainer. [http://www.al.com/alabamafootball/index.ssf/2016/09/as_fellow_nfl_players_sit_for.html As fellow NFL players sit for anthem, former Alabama OL proud to become an American], Alabama Media Group, September 13, 2016.</ref> Kouandjio da farko ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta High Point a Beltsville, Maryland, inda ya buga kwallon kafa don shirin Eagles. Bayan shekara ta biyu an ɗauke shi aiki kuma aka koma shi zuwa DeMatha Catholic High School a Hyattsville, Maryland tare da ƙanensa Cyrus,<ref>"Arie Kouandjio #60 OG". NFL. May 2, 2015. Retrieved March 30, 2019.</ref> inda ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa don shirin Stags. Ya kasance mai daukar taurari hudu ta Rivals.com.<ref>"Rivals.com". ''sports.yahoo.com''.</ref> A cikin Fabrairu 2010, ya himmatu zuwa Jami'ar Alabama don buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji.<ref>Estes, Gentry (February 3, 2010). "Offensive line recruit Arie Kouandjio set to sign with Alabama". ''AL.com''. Retrieved October 3, 2024.</ref> == Aikin koleji == [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29589457862).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio a tsakiya ]] [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29665273376).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio]] Kouandjio ya kasance jajayen riga a matsayin sabon saurayi na gaskiya a cikin 2010. A matsayin dan wasan jajayen riga a shekarar 2011, ya buga wasanni biyu kafin raunin gwiwa ya kare kakarsa. A matsayinsa na biyu a cikin 2012, Kouandjio ya buga wasanni 11 cikin 14 a matsayin madadin. Ya zama mafari a karon farko yana ƙarami a cikin 2013, yana farawa duk wasanni 13. Kouandjio ya dawo a matsayin farkon babban shekara a 2014. Ya fara duk wasanni 14 kuma an kira shi ƙungiya ta biyu Ba -Amurke . == Sana'ar sana'a == {{NFL predraft|height ft=6|height in=4¾|weight=310|dash=|ten split=|twenty split=|shuttle=|cone drill=|vertical=|broad ft=|broad in=|bench=|arm span=34⅛|hand span=10⅞|wonderlic=|note=All values from NFL Combine<ref>{{Cite web |title=Arie-Manuel Kouandjio Combine Profile |url=https://www.nfl.com/prospects/arie-manuel-kouandjio/32194b4f-5505-0326-33d3-2a972c432b30 |access-date=September 16, 2020 |website=NFL.com}}</ref>}} === Washington Redskins === Washington Redskins ta tsara Kouandjio a zagaye na huɗu tare da zaɓi na 112 na gaba ɗaya a cikin 2015 NFL Draft. Ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru hudu a ranar 11 ga Mayu, 2015. === Baltimore Ravens === A ranar 19 ga Satumba, 2017, an rattaba hannu kan Kouandjio zuwa tawagar horarwa ta Baltimore Ravens. === Washington Redskins (lokaci na biyu) === A ranar 28 ga Oktoba, 2017, Kouandjio ya rattaba hannu a kan kungiyar Redskins daga kungiyar wasan Ravens. Ya buga wasanni takwas a cikin 2017, yana farawa shida a gadin dama. [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29619638191).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio]] A ranar 15 ga Mayu, 2018, an sanar da cewa za a yi wa Kouandjio tiyatar quad saboda wani bangare na hawaye. Mako mai zuwa, bayan tiyatar, an ba da rahoton cewa Kouandjio ba zai rasa dukkan kakar wasa ta 2018 ba. === New York Masu gadi === An tsara Kouandjio a cikin zagaye na 10 a cikin kashi na biyu a cikin 2020 XFL Draft ta Masu gadi na New York. == Rayuwa ta sirri == [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29665270956).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio]] Kanin Kouandjio, Cyrus, wanda ya taka leda a Alabama a matsayin tuntuɓe kuma an zaɓi shi a zagaye na biyu na 2014 NFL Draft ta Buffalo Bills. Kouandjio ya zama ɗan ƙasar Amurka a ranar 13 ga Satumba, 2016.<ref name="ArieCitizenship">Sabin, Rainer. [http://www.al.com/alabamafootball/index.ssf/2016/09/as_fellow_nfl_players_sit_for.html As fellow NFL players sit for anthem, former Alabama OL proud to become an American], Alabama Media Group, September 13, 2016.</ref> == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20141121141732/http://www.rolltide.com/sports/m-footbl/mtt/arie_kouandjio_713420.html Alabama Crimson Tide bio] * [https://www.redskins.com/team/players-roster/arie-kouandjio/ Washington Redskins bio] {{2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football navbox}}{{2012 Alabama Crimson Tide football navbox}}{{Redskins2015DraftPicks}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] sppx0bg0k10lw78cufh2l974dnndig7 878829 878828 2026-07-08T08:42:19Z Nnamadee 31123 878829 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29665270956).jpg|thumb|Arie kouandjio]] [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29589457862).jpg|thumb|ceremony ]] [[File:Arie_Kouandjio_2016.jpg|200px|right|thumbnail|Arie Manuel Kouandjio]] '''Arie Manuel Kouandjio''' (An haife shi ranar 23 ga watan Afrilu, 1992). tsohon mai tsaron ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar [[Kamaru]]. Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Alabama, kuma [[Washington]] Redskins ne ya tsara shi a zagaye na hudu na 2015 NFL Draft. == Rayuwar farko == Georgette da Jean-Claude Kouandjio, mahaifiyar Arie da mahaifinsa, sun yi ƙaura zuwa Amurka daga [[Kamaru]] a shekara ta 1998 sa’ad da yake ɗan shekara shida. <ref name="ArieCitizenship">Sabin, Rainer. [http://www.al.com/alabamafootball/index.ssf/2016/09/as_fellow_nfl_players_sit_for.html As fellow NFL players sit for anthem, former Alabama OL proud to become an American], Alabama Media Group, September 13, 2016.</ref> Kouandjio da farko ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta High Point a Beltsville, Maryland, inda ya buga kwallon kafa don shirin Eagles. Bayan shekara ta biyu an ɗauke shi aiki kuma aka koma shi zuwa DeMatha Catholic High School a Hyattsville, Maryland tare da ƙanensa Cyrus,<ref>"Arie Kouandjio #60 OG". NFL. May 2, 2015. Retrieved March 30, 2019.</ref> inda ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa don shirin Stags. Ya kasance mai daukar taurari hudu ta Rivals.com.<ref>"Rivals.com". ''sports.yahoo.com''.</ref> A cikin Fabrairu 2010, ya himmatu zuwa Jami'ar Alabama don buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji.<ref>Estes, Gentry (February 3, 2010). "Offensive line recruit Arie Kouandjio set to sign with Alabama". ''AL.com''. Retrieved October 3, 2024.</ref><ref>Bone, Andrew. "ANDREW BONE: Arie Kouandjio Picks Bama".</ref> == Aikin koleji == [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29589457862).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio a tsakiya ]] [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29665273376).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio]] Kouandjio ya kasance jajayen riga a matsayin sabon saurayi na gaskiya a cikin 2010. A matsayin dan wasan jajayen riga a shekarar 2011, ya buga wasanni biyu kafin raunin gwiwa ya kare kakarsa. A matsayinsa na biyu a cikin 2012, Kouandjio ya buga wasanni 11 cikin 14 a matsayin madadin. Ya zama mafari a karon farko yana ƙarami a cikin 2013, yana farawa duk wasanni 13. Kouandjio ya dawo a matsayin farkon babban shekara a 2014. Ya fara duk wasanni 14 kuma an kira shi ƙungiya ta biyu Ba -Amurke . == Sana'ar sana'a == {{NFL predraft|height ft=6|height in=4¾|weight=310|dash=|ten split=|twenty split=|shuttle=|cone drill=|vertical=|broad ft=|broad in=|bench=|arm span=34⅛|hand span=10⅞|wonderlic=|note=All values from NFL Combine<ref>{{Cite web |title=Arie-Manuel Kouandjio Combine Profile |url=https://www.nfl.com/prospects/arie-manuel-kouandjio/32194b4f-5505-0326-33d3-2a972c432b30 |access-date=September 16, 2020 |website=NFL.com}}</ref>}} === Washington Redskins === Washington Redskins ta tsara Kouandjio a zagaye na huɗu tare da zaɓi na 112 na gaba ɗaya a cikin 2015 NFL Draft. Ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru hudu a ranar 11 ga Mayu, 2015. === Baltimore Ravens === A ranar 19 ga Satumba, 2017, an rattaba hannu kan Kouandjio zuwa tawagar horarwa ta Baltimore Ravens. === Washington Redskins (lokaci na biyu) === A ranar 28 ga Oktoba, 2017, Kouandjio ya rattaba hannu a kan kungiyar Redskins daga kungiyar wasan Ravens. Ya buga wasanni takwas a cikin 2017, yana farawa shida a gadin dama. [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29619638191).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio]] A ranar 15 ga Mayu, 2018, an sanar da cewa za a yi wa Kouandjio tiyatar quad saboda wani bangare na hawaye. Mako mai zuwa, bayan tiyatar, an ba da rahoton cewa Kouandjio ba zai rasa dukkan kakar wasa ta 2018 ba. === New York Masu gadi === An tsara Kouandjio a cikin zagaye na 10 a cikin kashi na biyu a cikin 2020 XFL Draft ta Masu gadi na New York. == Rayuwa ta sirri == [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29665270956).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio]] Kanin Kouandjio, Cyrus, wanda ya taka leda a Alabama a matsayin tuntuɓe kuma an zaɓi shi a zagaye na biyu na 2014 NFL Draft ta Buffalo Bills. Kouandjio ya zama ɗan ƙasar Amurka a ranar 13 ga Satumba, 2016.<ref name="ArieCitizenship">Sabin, Rainer. [http://www.al.com/alabamafootball/index.ssf/2016/09/as_fellow_nfl_players_sit_for.html As fellow NFL players sit for anthem, former Alabama OL proud to become an American], Alabama Media Group, September 13, 2016.</ref> == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20141121141732/http://www.rolltide.com/sports/m-footbl/mtt/arie_kouandjio_713420.html Alabama Crimson Tide bio] * [https://www.redskins.com/team/players-roster/arie-kouandjio/ Washington Redskins bio] {{2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football navbox}}{{2012 Alabama Crimson Tide football navbox}}{{Redskins2015DraftPicks}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 1xmhlkafwy1oievi8tenjcgs5yy2iyc 878830 878829 2026-07-08T08:43:02Z Nnamadee 31123 878830 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29665270956).jpg|thumb|Arie kouandjio]] [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29589457862).jpg|thumb|ceremony ]] [[File:Arie_Kouandjio_2016.jpg|200px|right|thumbnail|Arie Manuel Kouandjio]] '''Arie Manuel Kouandjio''' (An haife shi ranar 23 ga watan Afrilu, 1992). tsohon mai tsaron ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar [[Kamaru]]. Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Alabama, kuma [[Washington]] Redskins ne ya tsara shi a zagaye na hudu na 2015 NFL Draft. == Rayuwar farko == Georgette da Jean-Claude Kouandjio, mahaifiyar Arie da mahaifinsa, sun yi ƙaura zuwa Amurka daga [[Kamaru]] a shekara ta 1998 sa’ad da yake ɗan shekara shida. <ref name="ArieCitizenship">Sabin, Rainer. [http://www.al.com/alabamafootball/index.ssf/2016/09/as_fellow_nfl_players_sit_for.html As fellow NFL players sit for anthem, former Alabama OL proud to become an American], Alabama Media Group, September 13, 2016.</ref> Kouandjio da farko ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta High Point a Beltsville, Maryland, inda ya buga kwallon kafa don shirin Eagles. Bayan shekara ta biyu an ɗauke shi aiki kuma aka koma shi zuwa DeMatha Catholic High School a Hyattsville, Maryland tare da ƙanensa Cyrus,<ref>"Arie Kouandjio #60 OG". NFL. May 2, 2015. Retrieved March 30, 2019.</ref> inda ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa don shirin Stags. Ya kasance mai daukar taurari hudu ta Rivals.com.<ref>"Rivals.com". ''sports.yahoo.com''.</ref> A cikin Fabrairu 2010, ya himmatu zuwa Jami'ar Alabama don buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji.<ref>Estes, Gentry (February 3, 2010). "Offensive line recruit Arie Kouandjio set to sign with Alabama". ''AL.com''. Retrieved October 3, 2024.</ref><ref>Bone, Andrew. "ANDREW BONE: Arie Kouandjio Picks Bama".</ref> == Aikin koleji == [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29589457862).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio a tsakiya ]] [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29665273376).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio]] Kouandjio ya kasance jajayen riga a matsayin sabon saurayi na gaskiya a cikin 2010. A matsayin dan wasan jajayen riga a shekarar 2011, ya buga wasanni biyu kafin raunin gwiwa ya kare kakarsa.<ref>Kausler Jr., Don (October 10, 2011). "Tide injury update: Arie Kouandjio might need season-ending knee surgery". ''AL.com''. Retrieved October 3, 2024.</ref> A matsayinsa na biyu a cikin 2012, Kouandjio ya buga wasanni 11 cikin 14 a matsayin madadin. Ya zama mafari a karon farko yana ƙarami a cikin 2013, yana farawa duk wasanni 13. Kouandjio ya dawo a matsayin farkon babban shekara a 2014. Ya fara duk wasanni 14 kuma an kira shi ƙungiya ta biyu Ba -Amurke . == Sana'ar sana'a == {{NFL predraft|height ft=6|height in=4¾|weight=310|dash=|ten split=|twenty split=|shuttle=|cone drill=|vertical=|broad ft=|broad in=|bench=|arm span=34⅛|hand span=10⅞|wonderlic=|note=All values from NFL Combine<ref>{{Cite web |title=Arie-Manuel Kouandjio Combine Profile |url=https://www.nfl.com/prospects/arie-manuel-kouandjio/32194b4f-5505-0326-33d3-2a972c432b30 |access-date=September 16, 2020 |website=NFL.com}}</ref>}} === Washington Redskins === Washington Redskins ta tsara Kouandjio a zagaye na huɗu tare da zaɓi na 112 na gaba ɗaya a cikin 2015 NFL Draft. Ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru hudu a ranar 11 ga Mayu, 2015. === Baltimore Ravens === A ranar 19 ga Satumba, 2017, an rattaba hannu kan Kouandjio zuwa tawagar horarwa ta Baltimore Ravens. === Washington Redskins (lokaci na biyu) === A ranar 28 ga Oktoba, 2017, Kouandjio ya rattaba hannu a kan kungiyar Redskins daga kungiyar wasan Ravens. Ya buga wasanni takwas a cikin 2017, yana farawa shida a gadin dama. [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29619638191).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio]] A ranar 15 ga Mayu, 2018, an sanar da cewa za a yi wa Kouandjio tiyatar quad saboda wani bangare na hawaye. Mako mai zuwa, bayan tiyatar, an ba da rahoton cewa Kouandjio ba zai rasa dukkan kakar wasa ta 2018 ba. === New York Masu gadi === An tsara Kouandjio a cikin zagaye na 10 a cikin kashi na biyu a cikin 2020 XFL Draft ta Masu gadi na New York. == Rayuwa ta sirri == [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29665270956).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio]] Kanin Kouandjio, Cyrus, wanda ya taka leda a Alabama a matsayin tuntuɓe kuma an zaɓi shi a zagaye na biyu na 2014 NFL Draft ta Buffalo Bills. Kouandjio ya zama ɗan ƙasar Amurka a ranar 13 ga Satumba, 2016.<ref name="ArieCitizenship">Sabin, Rainer. [http://www.al.com/alabamafootball/index.ssf/2016/09/as_fellow_nfl_players_sit_for.html As fellow NFL players sit for anthem, former Alabama OL proud to become an American], Alabama Media Group, September 13, 2016.</ref> == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20141121141732/http://www.rolltide.com/sports/m-footbl/mtt/arie_kouandjio_713420.html Alabama Crimson Tide bio] * [https://www.redskins.com/team/players-roster/arie-kouandjio/ Washington Redskins bio] {{2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football navbox}}{{2012 Alabama Crimson Tide football navbox}}{{Redskins2015DraftPicks}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 4ormg0bfh9yf2jjnhhhgjkbavf8tw09 878831 878830 2026-07-08T08:43:53Z Nnamadee 31123 878831 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29665270956).jpg|thumb|Arie kouandjio]] [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29589457862).jpg|thumb|ceremony ]] [[File:Arie_Kouandjio_2016.jpg|200px|right|thumbnail|Arie Manuel Kouandjio]] '''Arie Manuel Kouandjio''' (An haife shi ranar 23 ga watan Afrilu, 1992). tsohon mai tsaron ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar [[Kamaru]]. Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Alabama, kuma [[Washington]] Redskins ne ya tsara shi a zagaye na hudu na 2015 NFL Draft. == Rayuwar farko == Georgette da Jean-Claude Kouandjio, mahaifiyar Arie da mahaifinsa, sun yi ƙaura zuwa Amurka daga [[Kamaru]] a shekara ta 1998 sa’ad da yake ɗan shekara shida. <ref name="ArieCitizenship">Sabin, Rainer. [http://www.al.com/alabamafootball/index.ssf/2016/09/as_fellow_nfl_players_sit_for.html As fellow NFL players sit for anthem, former Alabama OL proud to become an American], Alabama Media Group, September 13, 2016.</ref> Kouandjio da farko ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta High Point a Beltsville, Maryland, inda ya buga kwallon kafa don shirin Eagles. Bayan shekara ta biyu an ɗauke shi aiki kuma aka koma shi zuwa DeMatha Catholic High School a Hyattsville, Maryland tare da ƙanensa Cyrus,<ref>"Arie Kouandjio #60 OG". NFL. May 2, 2015. Retrieved March 30, 2019.</ref> inda ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa don shirin Stags. Ya kasance mai daukar taurari hudu ta Rivals.com.<ref>"Rivals.com". ''sports.yahoo.com''.</ref> A cikin Fabrairu 2010, ya himmatu zuwa Jami'ar Alabama don buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji.<ref>Estes, Gentry (February 3, 2010). "Offensive line recruit Arie Kouandjio set to sign with Alabama". ''AL.com''. Retrieved October 3, 2024.</ref><ref>Bone, Andrew. "ANDREW BONE: Arie Kouandjio Picks Bama".</ref> == Aikin koleji == [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29589457862).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio a tsakiya ]] [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29665273376).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio]] Kouandjio ya kasance jajayen riga a matsayin sabon saurayi na gaskiya a cikin 2010. A matsayin dan wasan jajayen riga a shekarar 2011, ya buga wasanni biyu kafin raunin gwiwa ya kare kakarsa.<ref>Kausler Jr., Don (October 10, 2011). "Tide injury update: Arie Kouandjio might need season-ending knee surgery". ''AL.com''. Retrieved October 3, 2024.</ref> A matsayinsa na biyu a cikin 2012, Kouandjio ya buga wasanni 11 cikin 14 a matsayin madadin.<ref>Kausler Jr., Don (March 13, 2013). "Get to know Tide lineman Arie Kouandjio, who wants to start next to his brother". ''AL.com''. Retrieved October 3, 2024.</ref> Ya zama mafari a karon farko yana ƙarami a cikin 2013, yana farawa duk wasanni 13. Kouandjio ya dawo a matsayin farkon babban shekara a 2014. Ya fara duk wasanni 14 kuma an kira shi ƙungiya ta biyu Ba -Amurke . == Sana'ar sana'a == {{NFL predraft|height ft=6|height in=4¾|weight=310|dash=|ten split=|twenty split=|shuttle=|cone drill=|vertical=|broad ft=|broad in=|bench=|arm span=34⅛|hand span=10⅞|wonderlic=|note=All values from NFL Combine<ref>{{Cite web |title=Arie-Manuel Kouandjio Combine Profile |url=https://www.nfl.com/prospects/arie-manuel-kouandjio/32194b4f-5505-0326-33d3-2a972c432b30 |access-date=September 16, 2020 |website=NFL.com}}</ref>}} === Washington Redskins === Washington Redskins ta tsara Kouandjio a zagaye na huɗu tare da zaɓi na 112 na gaba ɗaya a cikin 2015 NFL Draft. Ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru hudu a ranar 11 ga Mayu, 2015. === Baltimore Ravens === A ranar 19 ga Satumba, 2017, an rattaba hannu kan Kouandjio zuwa tawagar horarwa ta Baltimore Ravens. === Washington Redskins (lokaci na biyu) === A ranar 28 ga Oktoba, 2017, Kouandjio ya rattaba hannu a kan kungiyar Redskins daga kungiyar wasan Ravens. Ya buga wasanni takwas a cikin 2017, yana farawa shida a gadin dama. [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29619638191).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio]] A ranar 15 ga Mayu, 2018, an sanar da cewa za a yi wa Kouandjio tiyatar quad saboda wani bangare na hawaye. Mako mai zuwa, bayan tiyatar, an ba da rahoton cewa Kouandjio ba zai rasa dukkan kakar wasa ta 2018 ba. === New York Masu gadi === An tsara Kouandjio a cikin zagaye na 10 a cikin kashi na biyu a cikin 2020 XFL Draft ta Masu gadi na New York. == Rayuwa ta sirri == [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29665270956).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio]] Kanin Kouandjio, Cyrus, wanda ya taka leda a Alabama a matsayin tuntuɓe kuma an zaɓi shi a zagaye na biyu na 2014 NFL Draft ta Buffalo Bills. Kouandjio ya zama ɗan ƙasar Amurka a ranar 13 ga Satumba, 2016.<ref name="ArieCitizenship">Sabin, Rainer. [http://www.al.com/alabamafootball/index.ssf/2016/09/as_fellow_nfl_players_sit_for.html As fellow NFL players sit for anthem, former Alabama OL proud to become an American], Alabama Media Group, September 13, 2016.</ref> == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20141121141732/http://www.rolltide.com/sports/m-footbl/mtt/arie_kouandjio_713420.html Alabama Crimson Tide bio] * [https://www.redskins.com/team/players-roster/arie-kouandjio/ Washington Redskins bio] {{2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football navbox}}{{2012 Alabama Crimson Tide football navbox}}{{Redskins2015DraftPicks}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] lq8nyxq0sf3e81pqabfjxox3er4xw1r 878832 878831 2026-07-08T08:44:36Z Nnamadee 31123 878832 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29665270956).jpg|thumb|Arie kouandjio]] [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29589457862).jpg|thumb|ceremony ]] [[File:Arie_Kouandjio_2016.jpg|200px|right|thumbnail|Arie Manuel Kouandjio]] '''Arie Manuel Kouandjio''' (An haife shi ranar 23 ga watan Afrilu, 1992). tsohon mai tsaron ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar [[Kamaru]]. Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Alabama, kuma [[Washington]] Redskins ne ya tsara shi a zagaye na hudu na 2015 NFL Draft. == Rayuwar farko == Georgette da Jean-Claude Kouandjio, mahaifiyar Arie da mahaifinsa, sun yi ƙaura zuwa Amurka daga [[Kamaru]] a shekara ta 1998 sa’ad da yake ɗan shekara shida. <ref name="ArieCitizenship">Sabin, Rainer. [http://www.al.com/alabamafootball/index.ssf/2016/09/as_fellow_nfl_players_sit_for.html As fellow NFL players sit for anthem, former Alabama OL proud to become an American], Alabama Media Group, September 13, 2016.</ref> Kouandjio da farko ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta High Point a Beltsville, Maryland, inda ya buga kwallon kafa don shirin Eagles. Bayan shekara ta biyu an ɗauke shi aiki kuma aka koma shi zuwa DeMatha Catholic High School a Hyattsville, Maryland tare da ƙanensa Cyrus,<ref>"Arie Kouandjio #60 OG". NFL. May 2, 2015. Retrieved March 30, 2019.</ref> inda ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa don shirin Stags. Ya kasance mai daukar taurari hudu ta Rivals.com.<ref>"Rivals.com". ''sports.yahoo.com''.</ref> A cikin Fabrairu 2010, ya himmatu zuwa Jami'ar Alabama don buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji.<ref>Estes, Gentry (February 3, 2010). "Offensive line recruit Arie Kouandjio set to sign with Alabama". ''AL.com''. Retrieved October 3, 2024.</ref><ref>Bone, Andrew. "ANDREW BONE: Arie Kouandjio Picks Bama".</ref> == Aikin koleji == [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29589457862).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio a tsakiya ]] [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29665273376).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio]] Kouandjio ya kasance jajayen riga a matsayin sabon saurayi na gaskiya a cikin 2010. A matsayin dan wasan jajayen riga a shekarar 2011, ya buga wasanni biyu kafin raunin gwiwa ya kare kakarsa.<ref>Kausler Jr., Don (October 10, 2011). "Tide injury update: Arie Kouandjio might need season-ending knee surgery". ''AL.com''. Retrieved October 3, 2024.</ref> A matsayinsa na biyu a cikin 2012, Kouandjio ya buga wasanni 11 cikin 14 a matsayin madadin.<ref>Kausler Jr., Don (March 13, 2013). "Get to know Tide lineman Arie Kouandjio, who wants to start next to his brother". ''AL.com''. Retrieved October 3, 2024.</ref> Ya zama mafari a karon farko yana ƙarami a cikin 2013, yana farawa duk wasanni 13. Kouandjio ya dawo a matsayin farkon babban shekara a 2014.<ref>Kirkpatrick, Cliff (October 31, 2014). "Tide's Kouandjio a pleasant surprise on offensive line". Montgomery Advertiser. Retrieved October 3, 2024.</ref> Ya fara duk wasanni 14 kuma an kira shi ƙungiya ta biyu Ba -Amurke . == Sana'ar sana'a == {{NFL predraft|height ft=6|height in=4¾|weight=310|dash=|ten split=|twenty split=|shuttle=|cone drill=|vertical=|broad ft=|broad in=|bench=|arm span=34⅛|hand span=10⅞|wonderlic=|note=All values from NFL Combine<ref>{{Cite web |title=Arie-Manuel Kouandjio Combine Profile |url=https://www.nfl.com/prospects/arie-manuel-kouandjio/32194b4f-5505-0326-33d3-2a972c432b30 |access-date=September 16, 2020 |website=NFL.com}}</ref>}} === Washington Redskins === Washington Redskins ta tsara Kouandjio a zagaye na huɗu tare da zaɓi na 112 na gaba ɗaya a cikin 2015 NFL Draft. Ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru hudu a ranar 11 ga Mayu, 2015. === Baltimore Ravens === A ranar 19 ga Satumba, 2017, an rattaba hannu kan Kouandjio zuwa tawagar horarwa ta Baltimore Ravens. === Washington Redskins (lokaci na biyu) === A ranar 28 ga Oktoba, 2017, Kouandjio ya rattaba hannu a kan kungiyar Redskins daga kungiyar wasan Ravens. Ya buga wasanni takwas a cikin 2017, yana farawa shida a gadin dama. [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29619638191).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio]] A ranar 15 ga Mayu, 2018, an sanar da cewa za a yi wa Kouandjio tiyatar quad saboda wani bangare na hawaye. Mako mai zuwa, bayan tiyatar, an ba da rahoton cewa Kouandjio ba zai rasa dukkan kakar wasa ta 2018 ba. === New York Masu gadi === An tsara Kouandjio a cikin zagaye na 10 a cikin kashi na biyu a cikin 2020 XFL Draft ta Masu gadi na New York. == Rayuwa ta sirri == [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29665270956).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio]] Kanin Kouandjio, Cyrus, wanda ya taka leda a Alabama a matsayin tuntuɓe kuma an zaɓi shi a zagaye na biyu na 2014 NFL Draft ta Buffalo Bills. Kouandjio ya zama ɗan ƙasar Amurka a ranar 13 ga Satumba, 2016.<ref name="ArieCitizenship">Sabin, Rainer. [http://www.al.com/alabamafootball/index.ssf/2016/09/as_fellow_nfl_players_sit_for.html As fellow NFL players sit for anthem, former Alabama OL proud to become an American], Alabama Media Group, September 13, 2016.</ref> == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20141121141732/http://www.rolltide.com/sports/m-footbl/mtt/arie_kouandjio_713420.html Alabama Crimson Tide bio] * [https://www.redskins.com/team/players-roster/arie-kouandjio/ Washington Redskins bio] {{2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football navbox}}{{2012 Alabama Crimson Tide football navbox}}{{Redskins2015DraftPicks}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] jcmo2sa7d7in4kil5ihjxyim0k3aqae 878834 878832 2026-07-08T08:45:23Z Nnamadee 31123 878834 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29665270956).jpg|thumb|Arie kouandjio]] [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29589457862).jpg|thumb|ceremony ]] [[File:Arie_Kouandjio_2016.jpg|200px|right|thumbnail|Arie Manuel Kouandjio]] '''Arie Manuel Kouandjio''' (An haife shi ranar 23 ga watan Afrilu, 1992). tsohon mai tsaron ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar [[Kamaru]]. Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Alabama, kuma [[Washington]] Redskins ne ya tsara shi a zagaye na hudu na 2015 NFL Draft. == Rayuwar farko == Georgette da Jean-Claude Kouandjio, mahaifiyar Arie da mahaifinsa, sun yi ƙaura zuwa Amurka daga [[Kamaru]] a shekara ta 1998 sa’ad da yake ɗan shekara shida. <ref name="ArieCitizenship">Sabin, Rainer. [http://www.al.com/alabamafootball/index.ssf/2016/09/as_fellow_nfl_players_sit_for.html As fellow NFL players sit for anthem, former Alabama OL proud to become an American], Alabama Media Group, September 13, 2016.</ref> Kouandjio da farko ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta High Point a Beltsville, Maryland, inda ya buga kwallon kafa don shirin Eagles. Bayan shekara ta biyu an ɗauke shi aiki kuma aka koma shi zuwa DeMatha Catholic High School a Hyattsville, Maryland tare da ƙanensa Cyrus,<ref>"Arie Kouandjio #60 OG". NFL. May 2, 2015. Retrieved March 30, 2019.</ref> inda ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa don shirin Stags. Ya kasance mai daukar taurari hudu ta Rivals.com.<ref>"Rivals.com". ''sports.yahoo.com''.</ref> A cikin Fabrairu 2010, ya himmatu zuwa Jami'ar Alabama don buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji.<ref>Estes, Gentry (February 3, 2010). "Offensive line recruit Arie Kouandjio set to sign with Alabama". ''AL.com''. Retrieved October 3, 2024.</ref><ref>Bone, Andrew. "ANDREW BONE: Arie Kouandjio Picks Bama".</ref> == Aikin koleji == [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29589457862).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio a tsakiya ]] [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29665273376).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio]] Kouandjio ya kasance jajayen riga a matsayin sabon saurayi na gaskiya a cikin 2010. A matsayin dan wasan jajayen riga a shekarar 2011, ya buga wasanni biyu kafin raunin gwiwa ya kare kakarsa.<ref>Kausler Jr., Don (October 10, 2011). "Tide injury update: Arie Kouandjio might need season-ending knee surgery". ''AL.com''. Retrieved October 3, 2024.</ref> A matsayinsa na biyu a cikin 2012, Kouandjio ya buga wasanni 11 cikin 14 a matsayin madadin.<ref>Kausler Jr., Don (March 13, 2013). "Get to know Tide lineman Arie Kouandjio, who wants to start next to his brother". ''AL.com''. Retrieved October 3, 2024.</ref> Ya zama mafari a karon farko yana ƙarami a cikin 2013, yana farawa duk wasanni 13. Kouandjio ya dawo a matsayin farkon babban shekara a 2014.<ref>Kirkpatrick, Cliff (October 31, 2014). "Tide's Kouandjio a pleasant surprise on offensive line". Montgomery Advertiser. Retrieved October 3, 2024.</ref> Ya fara duk wasanni 14 kuma an kira shi ƙungiya ta biyu Ba -Amurke . == Sana'ar sana'a == {{NFL predraft|height ft=6|height in=4¾|weight=310|dash=|ten split=|twenty split=|shuttle=|cone drill=|vertical=|broad ft=|broad in=|bench=|arm span=34⅛|hand span=10⅞|wonderlic=|note=All values from NFL Combine<ref>{{Cite web |title=Arie-Manuel Kouandjio Combine Profile |url=https://www.nfl.com/prospects/arie-manuel-kouandjio/32194b4f-5505-0326-33d3-2a972c432b30 |access-date=September 16, 2020 |website=NFL.com}}</ref>}} === Washington Redskins === Washington Redskins ta tsara Kouandjio a zagaye na huɗu tare da zaɓi na 112 na gaba ɗaya a cikin 2015 NFL Draft.<ref>Czarda, Stephen (May 2, 2015). "Redskins Pick Arie Kouandjio In Fourth Round". Redskins.com. Archived from the original on May 5, 2015. Retrieved May 3, 2015.</ref> Ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru hudu a ranar 11 ga Mayu, 2015. === Baltimore Ravens === A ranar 19 ga Satumba, 2017, an rattaba hannu kan Kouandjio zuwa tawagar horarwa ta Baltimore Ravens. === Washington Redskins (lokaci na biyu) === A ranar 28 ga Oktoba, 2017, Kouandjio ya rattaba hannu a kan kungiyar Redskins daga kungiyar wasan Ravens. Ya buga wasanni takwas a cikin 2017, yana farawa shida a gadin dama. [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29619638191).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio]] A ranar 15 ga Mayu, 2018, an sanar da cewa za a yi wa Kouandjio tiyatar quad saboda wani bangare na hawaye. Mako mai zuwa, bayan tiyatar, an ba da rahoton cewa Kouandjio ba zai rasa dukkan kakar wasa ta 2018 ba. === New York Masu gadi === An tsara Kouandjio a cikin zagaye na 10 a cikin kashi na biyu a cikin 2020 XFL Draft ta Masu gadi na New York. == Rayuwa ta sirri == [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29665270956).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio]] Kanin Kouandjio, Cyrus, wanda ya taka leda a Alabama a matsayin tuntuɓe kuma an zaɓi shi a zagaye na biyu na 2014 NFL Draft ta Buffalo Bills. Kouandjio ya zama ɗan ƙasar Amurka a ranar 13 ga Satumba, 2016.<ref name="ArieCitizenship">Sabin, Rainer. [http://www.al.com/alabamafootball/index.ssf/2016/09/as_fellow_nfl_players_sit_for.html As fellow NFL players sit for anthem, former Alabama OL proud to become an American], Alabama Media Group, September 13, 2016.</ref> == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20141121141732/http://www.rolltide.com/sports/m-footbl/mtt/arie_kouandjio_713420.html Alabama Crimson Tide bio] * [https://www.redskins.com/team/players-roster/arie-kouandjio/ Washington Redskins bio] {{2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football navbox}}{{2012 Alabama Crimson Tide football navbox}}{{Redskins2015DraftPicks}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] slwah1xz0ozkzt2jib2torh2d5uotle 878835 878834 2026-07-08T08:45:42Z Nnamadee 31123 878835 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29665270956).jpg|thumb|Arie kouandjio]] [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29589457862).jpg|thumb|ceremony ]] [[File:Arie_Kouandjio_2016.jpg|200px|right|thumbnail|Arie Manuel Kouandjio]] '''Arie Manuel Kouandjio''' (An haife shi ranar 23 ga watan Afrilu, 1992). tsohon mai tsaron ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar [[Kamaru]]. Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Alabama, kuma [[Washington]] Redskins ne ya tsara shi a zagaye na hudu na 2015 NFL Draft. == Rayuwar farko == Georgette da Jean-Claude Kouandjio, mahaifiyar Arie da mahaifinsa, sun yi ƙaura zuwa Amurka daga [[Kamaru]] a shekara ta 1998 sa’ad da yake ɗan shekara shida. <ref name="ArieCitizenship">Sabin, Rainer. [http://www.al.com/alabamafootball/index.ssf/2016/09/as_fellow_nfl_players_sit_for.html As fellow NFL players sit for anthem, former Alabama OL proud to become an American], Alabama Media Group, September 13, 2016.</ref> Kouandjio da farko ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta High Point a Beltsville, Maryland, inda ya buga kwallon kafa don shirin Eagles. Bayan shekara ta biyu an ɗauke shi aiki kuma aka koma shi zuwa DeMatha Catholic High School a Hyattsville, Maryland tare da ƙanensa Cyrus,<ref>"Arie Kouandjio #60 OG". NFL. May 2, 2015. Retrieved March 30, 2019.</ref> inda ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa don shirin Stags. Ya kasance mai daukar taurari hudu ta Rivals.com.<ref>"Rivals.com". ''sports.yahoo.com''.</ref> A cikin Fabrairu 2010, ya himmatu zuwa Jami'ar Alabama don buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji.<ref>Estes, Gentry (February 3, 2010). "Offensive line recruit Arie Kouandjio set to sign with Alabama". ''AL.com''. Retrieved October 3, 2024.</ref><ref>Bone, Andrew. "ANDREW BONE: Arie Kouandjio Picks Bama".</ref> == Aikin koleji == [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29589457862).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio a tsakiya ]] [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29665273376).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio]] Kouandjio ya kasance jajayen riga a matsayin sabon saurayi na gaskiya a cikin 2010. A matsayin dan wasan jajayen riga a shekarar 2011, ya buga wasanni biyu kafin raunin gwiwa ya kare kakarsa.<ref>Kausler Jr., Don (October 10, 2011). "Tide injury update: Arie Kouandjio might need season-ending knee surgery". ''AL.com''. Retrieved October 3, 2024.</ref> A matsayinsa na biyu a cikin 2012, Kouandjio ya buga wasanni 11 cikin 14 a matsayin madadin.<ref>Kausler Jr., Don (March 13, 2013). "Get to know Tide lineman Arie Kouandjio, who wants to start next to his brother". ''AL.com''. Retrieved October 3, 2024.</ref> Ya zama mafari a karon farko yana ƙarami a cikin 2013, yana farawa duk wasanni 13. Kouandjio ya dawo a matsayin farkon babban shekara a 2014.<ref>Kirkpatrick, Cliff (October 31, 2014). "Tide's Kouandjio a pleasant surprise on offensive line". Montgomery Advertiser. Retrieved October 3, 2024.</ref> Ya fara duk wasanni 14 kuma an kira shi ƙungiya ta biyu Ba -Amurke . == Sana'ar sana'a == {{NFL predraft|height ft=6|height in=4¾|weight=310|dash=|ten split=|twenty split=|shuttle=|cone drill=|vertical=|broad ft=|broad in=|bench=|arm span=34⅛|hand span=10⅞|wonderlic=|note=All values from NFL Combine<ref>{{Cite web |title=Arie-Manuel Kouandjio Combine Profile |url=https://www.nfl.com/prospects/arie-manuel-kouandjio/32194b4f-5505-0326-33d3-2a972c432b30 |access-date=September 16, 2020 |website=NFL.com}}</ref>}} === Washington Redskins === Washington Redskins ta tsara Kouandjio a zagaye na huɗu tare da zaɓi na 112 na gaba ɗaya a shekarar 2015 NFL Draft.<ref>Czarda, Stephen (May 2, 2015). "Redskins Pick Arie Kouandjio In Fourth Round". Redskins.com. Archived from the original on May 5, 2015. Retrieved May 3, 2015.</ref> Ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru hudu a ranar 11 ga Mayu, 2015. === Baltimore Ravens === A ranar 19 ga Satumba, 2017, an rattaba hannu kan Kouandjio zuwa tawagar horarwa ta Baltimore Ravens. === Washington Redskins (lokaci na biyu) === A ranar 28 ga Oktoba, 2017, Kouandjio ya rattaba hannu a kan kungiyar Redskins daga kungiyar wasan Ravens. Ya buga wasanni takwas a cikin 2017, yana farawa shida a gadin dama. [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29619638191).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio]] A ranar 15 ga Mayu, 2018, an sanar da cewa za a yi wa Kouandjio tiyatar quad saboda wani bangare na hawaye. Mako mai zuwa, bayan tiyatar, an ba da rahoton cewa Kouandjio ba zai rasa dukkan kakar wasa ta 2018 ba. === New York Masu gadi === An tsara Kouandjio a cikin zagaye na 10 a cikin kashi na biyu a cikin 2020 XFL Draft ta Masu gadi na New York. == Rayuwa ta sirri == [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29665270956).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio]] Kanin Kouandjio, Cyrus, wanda ya taka leda a Alabama a matsayin tuntuɓe kuma an zaɓi shi a zagaye na biyu na 2014 NFL Draft ta Buffalo Bills. Kouandjio ya zama ɗan ƙasar Amurka a ranar 13 ga Satumba, 2016.<ref name="ArieCitizenship">Sabin, Rainer. [http://www.al.com/alabamafootball/index.ssf/2016/09/as_fellow_nfl_players_sit_for.html As fellow NFL players sit for anthem, former Alabama OL proud to become an American], Alabama Media Group, September 13, 2016.</ref> == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20141121141732/http://www.rolltide.com/sports/m-footbl/mtt/arie_kouandjio_713420.html Alabama Crimson Tide bio] * [https://www.redskins.com/team/players-roster/arie-kouandjio/ Washington Redskins bio] {{2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football navbox}}{{2012 Alabama Crimson Tide football navbox}}{{Redskins2015DraftPicks}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 3ggcihi7zpw5topzvi2aey9szkp1vef 878836 878835 2026-07-08T08:46:15Z Nnamadee 31123 878836 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29665270956).jpg|thumb|Arie kouandjio]] [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29589457862).jpg|thumb|ceremony ]] [[File:Arie_Kouandjio_2016.jpg|200px|right|thumbnail|Arie Manuel Kouandjio]] '''Arie Manuel Kouandjio''' (An haife shi ranar 23 ga watan Afrilu, 1992). tsohon mai tsaron ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar [[Kamaru]]. Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Alabama, kuma [[Washington]] Redskins ne ya tsara shi a zagaye na hudu na 2015 NFL Draft. == Rayuwar farko == Georgette da Jean-Claude Kouandjio, mahaifiyar Arie da mahaifinsa, sun yi ƙaura zuwa Amurka daga [[Kamaru]] a shekara ta 1998 sa’ad da yake ɗan shekara shida. <ref name="ArieCitizenship">Sabin, Rainer. [http://www.al.com/alabamafootball/index.ssf/2016/09/as_fellow_nfl_players_sit_for.html As fellow NFL players sit for anthem, former Alabama OL proud to become an American], Alabama Media Group, September 13, 2016.</ref> Kouandjio da farko ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta High Point a Beltsville, Maryland, inda ya buga kwallon kafa don shirin Eagles. Bayan shekara ta biyu an ɗauke shi aiki kuma aka koma shi zuwa DeMatha Catholic High School a Hyattsville, Maryland tare da ƙanensa Cyrus,<ref>"Arie Kouandjio #60 OG". NFL. May 2, 2015. Retrieved March 30, 2019.</ref> inda ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa don shirin Stags. Ya kasance mai daukar taurari hudu ta Rivals.com.<ref>"Rivals.com". ''sports.yahoo.com''.</ref> A cikin Fabrairu 2010, ya himmatu zuwa Jami'ar Alabama don buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji.<ref>Estes, Gentry (February 3, 2010). "Offensive line recruit Arie Kouandjio set to sign with Alabama". ''AL.com''. Retrieved October 3, 2024.</ref><ref>Bone, Andrew. "ANDREW BONE: Arie Kouandjio Picks Bama".</ref> == Aikin koleji == [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29589457862).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio a tsakiya ]] [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29665273376).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio]] Kouandjio ya kasance jajayen riga a matsayin sabon saurayi na gaskiya a cikin 2010. A matsayin dan wasan jajayen riga a shekarar 2011, ya buga wasanni biyu kafin raunin gwiwa ya kare kakarsa.<ref>Kausler Jr., Don (October 10, 2011). "Tide injury update: Arie Kouandjio might need season-ending knee surgery". ''AL.com''. Retrieved October 3, 2024.</ref> A matsayinsa na biyu a cikin 2012, Kouandjio ya buga wasanni 11 cikin 14 a matsayin madadin.<ref>Kausler Jr., Don (March 13, 2013). "Get to know Tide lineman Arie Kouandjio, who wants to start next to his brother". ''AL.com''. Retrieved October 3, 2024.</ref> Ya zama mafari a karon farko yana ƙarami a cikin 2013, yana farawa duk wasanni 13. Kouandjio ya dawo a matsayin farkon babban shekara a 2014.<ref>Kirkpatrick, Cliff (October 31, 2014). "Tide's Kouandjio a pleasant surprise on offensive line". Montgomery Advertiser. Retrieved October 3, 2024.</ref> Ya fara duk wasanni 14 kuma an kira shi ƙungiya ta biyu Ba -Amurke . == Sana'ar sana'a == {{NFL predraft|height ft=6|height in=4¾|weight=310|dash=|ten split=|twenty split=|shuttle=|cone drill=|vertical=|broad ft=|broad in=|bench=|arm span=34⅛|hand span=10⅞|wonderlic=|note=All values from NFL Combine<ref>{{Cite web |title=Arie-Manuel Kouandjio Combine Profile |url=https://www.nfl.com/prospects/arie-manuel-kouandjio/32194b4f-5505-0326-33d3-2a972c432b30 |access-date=September 16, 2020 |website=NFL.com}}</ref>}} === Washington Redskins === Washington Redskins ta tsara Kouandjio a zagaye na huɗu tare da zaɓi na 112 na gaba ɗaya a shekarar 2015 NFL Draft.<ref>Czarda, Stephen (May 2, 2015). "Redskins Pick Arie Kouandjio In Fourth Round". Redskins.com. Archived from the original on May 5, 2015. Retrieved May 3, 2015.</ref> Ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru hudu a ranar 11 ga Mayu, 2015.<ref>"Nine Redskins Draft Picks Agree To Terms". Redskins.com. May 11, 2015. Archived from the original on September 10, 2017. Retrieved May 21, 2015.</ref> === Baltimore Ravens === A ranar 19 ga Satumba, 2017, an rattaba hannu kan Kouandjio zuwa tawagar horarwa ta Baltimore Ravens. === Washington Redskins (lokaci na biyu) === A ranar 28 ga Oktoba, 2017, Kouandjio ya rattaba hannu a kan kungiyar Redskins daga kungiyar wasan Ravens. Ya buga wasanni takwas a cikin 2017, yana farawa shida a gadin dama. [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29619638191).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio]] A ranar 15 ga Mayu, 2018, an sanar da cewa za a yi wa Kouandjio tiyatar quad saboda wani bangare na hawaye. Mako mai zuwa, bayan tiyatar, an ba da rahoton cewa Kouandjio ba zai rasa dukkan kakar wasa ta 2018 ba. === New York Masu gadi === An tsara Kouandjio a cikin zagaye na 10 a cikin kashi na biyu a cikin 2020 XFL Draft ta Masu gadi na New York. == Rayuwa ta sirri == [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29665270956).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio]] Kanin Kouandjio, Cyrus, wanda ya taka leda a Alabama a matsayin tuntuɓe kuma an zaɓi shi a zagaye na biyu na 2014 NFL Draft ta Buffalo Bills. Kouandjio ya zama ɗan ƙasar Amurka a ranar 13 ga Satumba, 2016.<ref name="ArieCitizenship">Sabin, Rainer. [http://www.al.com/alabamafootball/index.ssf/2016/09/as_fellow_nfl_players_sit_for.html As fellow NFL players sit for anthem, former Alabama OL proud to become an American], Alabama Media Group, September 13, 2016.</ref> == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20141121141732/http://www.rolltide.com/sports/m-footbl/mtt/arie_kouandjio_713420.html Alabama Crimson Tide bio] * [https://www.redskins.com/team/players-roster/arie-kouandjio/ Washington Redskins bio] {{2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football navbox}}{{2012 Alabama Crimson Tide football navbox}}{{Redskins2015DraftPicks}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] lt0tf43nzo9lfpfp6jpl78yeyrzt8jn 878837 878836 2026-07-08T08:46:51Z Nnamadee 31123 878837 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29665270956).jpg|thumb|Arie kouandjio]] [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29589457862).jpg|thumb|ceremony ]] [[File:Arie_Kouandjio_2016.jpg|200px|right|thumbnail|Arie Manuel Kouandjio]] '''Arie Manuel Kouandjio''' (An haife shi ranar 23 ga watan Afrilu, 1992). tsohon mai tsaron ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar [[Kamaru]]. Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Alabama, kuma [[Washington]] Redskins ne ya tsara shi a zagaye na hudu na 2015 NFL Draft. == Rayuwar farko == Georgette da Jean-Claude Kouandjio, mahaifiyar Arie da mahaifinsa, sun yi ƙaura zuwa Amurka daga [[Kamaru]] a shekara ta 1998 sa’ad da yake ɗan shekara shida. <ref name="ArieCitizenship">Sabin, Rainer. [http://www.al.com/alabamafootball/index.ssf/2016/09/as_fellow_nfl_players_sit_for.html As fellow NFL players sit for anthem, former Alabama OL proud to become an American], Alabama Media Group, September 13, 2016.</ref> Kouandjio da farko ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta High Point a Beltsville, Maryland, inda ya buga kwallon kafa don shirin Eagles. Bayan shekara ta biyu an ɗauke shi aiki kuma aka koma shi zuwa DeMatha Catholic High School a Hyattsville, Maryland tare da ƙanensa Cyrus,<ref>"Arie Kouandjio #60 OG". NFL. May 2, 2015. Retrieved March 30, 2019.</ref> inda ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa don shirin Stags. Ya kasance mai daukar taurari hudu ta Rivals.com.<ref>"Rivals.com". ''sports.yahoo.com''.</ref> A cikin Fabrairu 2010, ya himmatu zuwa Jami'ar Alabama don buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji.<ref>Estes, Gentry (February 3, 2010). "Offensive line recruit Arie Kouandjio set to sign with Alabama". ''AL.com''. Retrieved October 3, 2024.</ref><ref>Bone, Andrew. "ANDREW BONE: Arie Kouandjio Picks Bama".</ref> == Aikin koleji == [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29589457862).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio a tsakiya ]] [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29665273376).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio]] Kouandjio ya kasance jajayen riga a matsayin sabon saurayi na gaskiya a cikin 2010. A matsayin dan wasan jajayen riga a shekarar 2011, ya buga wasanni biyu kafin raunin gwiwa ya kare kakarsa.<ref>Kausler Jr., Don (October 10, 2011). "Tide injury update: Arie Kouandjio might need season-ending knee surgery". ''AL.com''. Retrieved October 3, 2024.</ref> A matsayinsa na biyu a cikin 2012, Kouandjio ya buga wasanni 11 cikin 14 a matsayin madadin.<ref>Kausler Jr., Don (March 13, 2013). "Get to know Tide lineman Arie Kouandjio, who wants to start next to his brother". ''AL.com''. Retrieved October 3, 2024.</ref> Ya zama mafari a karon farko yana ƙarami a cikin 2013, yana farawa duk wasanni 13. Kouandjio ya dawo a matsayin farkon babban shekara a 2014.<ref>Kirkpatrick, Cliff (October 31, 2014). "Tide's Kouandjio a pleasant surprise on offensive line". Montgomery Advertiser. Retrieved October 3, 2024.</ref> Ya fara duk wasanni 14 kuma an kira shi ƙungiya ta biyu Ba -Amurke . == Sana'ar sana'a == {{NFL predraft|height ft=6|height in=4¾|weight=310|dash=|ten split=|twenty split=|shuttle=|cone drill=|vertical=|broad ft=|broad in=|bench=|arm span=34⅛|hand span=10⅞|wonderlic=|note=All values from NFL Combine<ref>{{Cite web |title=Arie-Manuel Kouandjio Combine Profile |url=https://www.nfl.com/prospects/arie-manuel-kouandjio/32194b4f-5505-0326-33d3-2a972c432b30 |access-date=September 16, 2020 |website=NFL.com}}</ref>}} === Washington Redskins === Washington Redskins ta tsara Kouandjio a zagaye na huɗu tare da zaɓi na 112 na gaba ɗaya a shekarar 2015 NFL Draft.<ref>Czarda, Stephen (May 2, 2015). "Redskins Pick Arie Kouandjio In Fourth Round". Redskins.com. Archived from the original on May 5, 2015. Retrieved May 3, 2015.</ref> Ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru hudu a ranar 11 ga Mayu, 2015.<ref>"Nine Redskins Draft Picks Agree To Terms". Redskins.com. May 11, 2015. Archived from the original on September 10, 2017. Retrieved May 21, 2015.</ref> === Baltimore Ravens === A ranar 19 ga Satumba, 2017, an rattaba hannu kan Kouandjio zuwa tawagar horarwa ta Baltimore Ravens. === Washington Redskins (lokaci na biyu) === A ranar 28 ga Oktoba, 2017, Kouandjio ya rattaba hannu a kan kungiyar Redskins daga kungiyar wasan Ravens. Ya buga wasanni takwas a cikin 2017, yana farawa shida a gadin dama. [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29619638191).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio]] A ranar 15 ga Mayu, 2018, an sanar da cewa za a yi wa Kouandjio tiyatar quad saboda wani bangare na hawaye. Mako mai zuwa, bayan tiyatar, an ba da rahoton cewa Kouandjio ba zai rasa dukkan kakar wasa ta 2018 ba. === New York Masu gadi === An tsara Kouandjio a cikin zagaye na 10 a cikin kashi na biyu a cikin 2020 XFL Draft ta Masu gadi na New York. == Rayuwa ta sirri == [[Fayil:Naturalization Ceremony (29665270956).jpg|thumb|Arie Kouandjio]] Kanin Kouandjio, Cyrus, wanda ya taka leda a Alabama a matsayin tuntuɓe kuma an zaɓi shi a zagaye na biyu na 2014 NFL Draft ta Buffalo Bills. Kouandjio ya zama ɗan ƙasar Amurka a ranar 13 ga Satumba, 2016.<ref name="ArieCitizenship">Sabin, Rainer. [http://www.al.com/alabamafootball/index.ssf/2016/09/as_fellow_nfl_players_sit_for.html As fellow NFL players sit for anthem, former Alabama OL proud to become an American], Alabama Media Group, September 13, 2016.</ref> == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20141121141732/http://www.rolltide.com/sports/m-footbl/mtt/arie_kouandjio_713420.html Alabama Crimson Tide bio] * [https://www.redskins.com/team/players-roster/arie-kouandjio/ Washington Redskins bio] ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] tg1dxztgxhfahgyk1n388a9r8qkxsxf 0 35340 878666 505120 2026-07-07T20:36:19Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878666 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Linn County Missouri courthouse-20151004-116.jpg|thumb|Linn, Missouri]] '''Linn''' birni ne, da ke a gundumar Osage, [[Missouri (jiha)|Missouri]], a ƙasar Amurka. Yawan jama'a ya kasance 1,350 a ƙidayar 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Explore Census Data|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=1600000US2943238|access-date=2022-01-13|website=data.census.gov}}</ref> Ita ce kujerar gundumar Osage County.<ref name="GR6">{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx|access-date=2011-06-07|title=Find a County|publisher=National Association of Counties}}</ref> Linn wani yanki ne na garin Jefferson, Yankin Ƙididdiga na Babban Birni na Missouri. == Tarihi == An ƙirƙiri Linn a cikin 1843.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_RfAuAAAAYAAJ | title=How Missouri Counties, Towns and Streams Were Named | publisher=The State Historical Society of Missouri | author=Eaton, David Wolfe | year=1917 | pages=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_RfAuAAAAYAAJ/page/n108 337]}}</ref> An sanya sunan al'ummar ga Sanata [[Lewis F. Linn]].<ref>{{cite web | url =http://shsmo.org/manuscripts/ramsay/ramsay_osage.html | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160624071217/http://shsmo.org/manuscripts/ramsay/ramsay_osage.html | archive-date = June 24, 2016 | url-status = live | title=Osage County Place Names, 1928–1945 | publisher=The State Historical Society of Missouri| access-date= November 26, 2016}}</ref> Wani gidan waya da ake kira Linn yana aiki tun 1844.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.postalhistory.com/postoffices.asp?task=display&state=MO&county=Osage | title=Post Offices| publisher=Jim Forte Postal History | access-date=26 November 2016}}</ref> Gidan Poorhouse na Osage County da Dr. Enoch T. da Amy Zewicki House an jera su a kan National Register of Historic Places.<ref name="nris">{{NRISref|version=2010a}}</ref> Linn ya kasance yanki ne na gundumar Gasconade da ke makwabtaka har zuwa Janairu 29, 1841.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Welcome to Osage County,MO|url=http://osagecountygov.com/|access-date=2021-07-21|website=osagecountygov.com}}</ref> == Geography == Linn yana nan a{{Coord|38|28|59|N|91|50|49|W|type:city}} (38.482958, -91.846908).<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2011-04-23|date=2011-02-12|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}</ref> A cewar Ofishin Kidayar Amurka, birnin yana da jimlar {{Convert|1.17|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, duk kasa.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web|title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=2012-07-08 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120702145235/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archive-date=2012-07-02 }}</ref> == Alƙaluma == {{US Census population |1900= 491 |1910= 532 |1920= 441 |1930= 555 |1940= 676 |1950= 758 |1960= 1050 |1970= 1289 |1980= 1211 |1990= 1148 |2000= 1354 |2010= 1459 |estyear=2019 |estimate=1593 |estref=<ref name="USCensusEst2019CenPopScriptOnlyDirtyFixDoNotUse">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/tables.2019.html|date=May 24, 2020|title=Population and Housing Unit Estimates|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=May 27, 2020}}</ref> |footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2015}}</ref> }} === ƙidayar 2010 === Dangane da ƙidayar na 2010,<ref name ="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2012-07-08}}</ref> akwai mutane 1,459, gidaje 629, da iyalai 345 da ke zaune a cikin birni. Yawan yawan jama'a ya kasance {{Convert|1247.0|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. Akwai rukunin gidaje 758 a matsakaicin yawa na {{Convert|647.9|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. Jaridar wariyar launin fata ta garin ya kasance 97.3% na Afirka, kashi 1.0% na Asiya , 0.1% na tsibirin, 0.1% daga wasu tsere, 0.8% daga tsere biyu ko sama da haka. Hispanic ko Latino na kowace kabila sun kasance 1.0% na yawan jama'a. Magidanta 629 ne, kashi 33.7% na da ‘ya’ya ‘yan kasa da shekara 18 suna zaune tare da su, kashi 37.5% [[Aure|ma’aurata ne da]] ke zaune tare, kashi 13.5% na da mace mai gida babu miji, kashi 3.8% na da mai gida ba tare da matar aure ba. kuma 45.2% ba dangi bane. Kashi 38.2% na dukkan gidaje sun kasance mutane ne, kuma kashi 12.2% na da wanda ke zaune shi kaɗai wanda ya kai shekaru 65 ko sama da haka. Matsakaicin girman gida shine 2.32 kuma matsakaicin girman dangi shine 3.07. Tsakanin shekarun garin ya kai shekaru 30. 27.6% na mazauna kasa da shekaru 18; 13.6% sun kasance tsakanin shekarun 18 zuwa 24; 26.7% sun kasance daga 25 zuwa 44; 19.7% sun kasance daga 45 zuwa 64; kuma 12.5% sun kasance shekaru 65 ko sama da haka. Tsarin jinsi na birni ya kasance 51.2% na maza da 48.8% mata. === Ƙididdigar 2000 === Dangane da ƙidayar na 2000, akwai mutane 1,354, gidaje 533, da iyalai 300 da ke zaune a cikin birni. Yawan yawan jama'a ya kasance mutane 1,543.3 a kowace murabba'in mil (594.1/km ² ). Akwai rukunin gidaje 616 a matsakaicin yawa na 702.1 a kowace murabba'in mil (270.3/km ² ). Tsarin launin fata na birnin ya kasance 97.86% Fari, 0.22% Ba'amurke, 0.52% Ba'amurke, 0.44% Asiya, 0.22% daga sauran jinsi, da 0.74% daga jinsi biyu ko fiye. Hispanic ko Latino na kowace kabila sun kasance 0.96% na yawan jama'a. Akwai gidaje 533, daga cikinsu kashi 30.6% na da ‘ya’ya ‘yan kasa da shekara 18 suna zaune tare da su, kashi 42.4% [[Aure|ma’aurata ne da]] ke zaune tare, kashi 9.8% na da mace mai gida babu miji, kashi 43.7% kuma ba na iyali ba ne. Kashi 34.3% na dukkan gidaje sun kasance mutane ne, kuma kashi 17.6% na da wanda ke zaune shi kaɗai wanda ya kai shekaru 65 ko sama da haka. Matsakaicin girman gida shine 2.32 kuma matsakaicin girman dangi shine 3.01. A cikin birni, yawan jama'a ya bazu, tare da 23.9% 'yan ƙasa da shekaru 18, 15.9% daga 18 zuwa 24, 23.3% daga 25 zuwa 44, 15.4% daga 45 zuwa 64, da 21.4% waɗanda ke da shekaru 65 ko kuma mazan. Matsakaicin shekarun ya kasance shekaru 33. Ga kowane mata 100, akwai maza 96.5. Ga kowane mata 100 masu shekaru 18 zuwa sama, akwai maza 95.4. [[Fayil:Gen. Pershing boyhood home.jpg|thumb|Linn, Missouri]] Matsakaicin kuɗin shiga na gida a cikin birni shine $27,656, kuma matsakaicin kuɗin shiga na dangi shine $38,854. Maza suna da matsakaicin kudin shiga na $30,259 sabanin $20,703 na mata. Kudin shiga kowane mutum na birni shine $13,840. Kimanin kashi 9.5% na iyalai da 17.1% na yawan jama'a sun kasance ƙasa da layin talauci, gami da 16.2% na waɗanda ke ƙasa da shekaru 18 da 16.3% na waɗanda shekaru 65 ko sama da haka. == Ilimi == Linn gida ce ga Kwalejin Fasaha ta Jiha, kwalejin fasaha da fasaha. An kafa fasahar jihar a cikin 1961 a matsayin wani yanki na gundumar makaranta kuma an canza shi zuwa Jihar Missouri a cikin 1996. A cikin 2013, an yanke shawarar cewa kwalejin za ta canza sunanta zuwa '''Kwalejin Fasaha ta Jihar Missouri''' . Canjin suna ya fara aiki a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2014. Linn kuma gida ne ga gundumar<ref>[http://www.linn.k12.mo.us/ Makarantar R-II ta Osage County]</ref>. Gundumar ta ƙunshi Osage County R-II Elementary School (PK-06) da Linn High School (07-12), wanda ke kusa da Linn Tech a wani yanki a bayan garin da aka sani da '''Gabashin Linn''' . Makaranta mai zaman kanta,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150125064803/http://www.saint-george-parish.org/School.aspx</ref> Makarantar Katolika ta St. George], tana cikin tsakiyar garin Linn tare da <ref>[http://www.saint-george-parish.org/ Cocin Katolika na St. George] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220808075847/http://saint-george-parish.org/ |date=2022-08-08 }} akan Main Street.</ref> Linn yana da ɗakin karatu na jama'a, reshe na Laburaren Branch County Osage.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.publiclibraries.com/missouri.htm | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170610012728/http://www.publiclibraries.com/missouri.htm | url-status=dead | archive-date=10 June 2017 | title=Missouri Public Libraries | publisher=PublicLibraries.com | access-date=2 June 2019}}</ref> == Yanayi == Nau'in Rarraba Yanayi na Köppen na wannan yanayin shine " Cfa ". (Yanayin zafi na yankin Humid).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=340332&cityname=Linn%2C+Missouri%2C+United+States+of+America&units= |title=Climate Summary for Linn, Missouri |access-date=2022-08-16 |archive-date=2022-08-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220816122937/http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=340332&cityname=Linn,+Missouri,+United+States+of+America&units= |url-status=dead }}</ref> {{Weather box |location = Linn, Missouri |single line = Yes |metric first = Yes |Jan high F = 40 |Feb high F = 45 |Mar high F = 57 |Apr high F = 68 |May high F = 76 |Jun high F = 84 |Jul high F = 89 |Aug high F = 88 |Sep high F = 80 |Oct high F = 70 |Nov high F = 56 |Dec high F = 44 |year high F = 69 |Jan low F = 19 |Feb low F = 23 |Mar low F = 32 |Apr low F = 43 |May low F = 52 |Jun low F = 61 |Jul low F = 65 |Aug low F = 63 |Sep low F = 55 |Oct low F = 48 |Nov low F = 34 |Dec low F = 24 |year low F = 43 |Jan precipitation inch = 1.7 |Feb precipitation inch = 2 |Mar precipitation inch = 3.1 |Apr precipitation inch = 4 |May precipitation inch = 5.1 |Jun precipitation inch = 4.2 |Jul precipitation inch = 3.6 |Aug precipitation inch = 3.7 |Sep precipitation inch = 4 |Oct precipitation inch = 3.5 |Nov precipitation inch = 3.3 |Dec precipitation inch = 2.6 |year precipitation inch = 40.8 |source 1 = Weatherbase <ref name=Weatherbase>{{cite web |url=http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather.php3?s=340332&cityname=Linn-Missouri-United-States-of-America |publisher=Weatherbase |title=Weatherbase.com |year=2013 |access-date=2022-10-25 |archive-date=2016-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304032853/http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather.php3?s=340332&cityname=Linn-Missouri-United-States-of-America |url-status=dead }} Retrieved on August 8, 2013.</ref> |date=August 2013 }} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Birane a Osage County, Missouri]] [[Category:Birane a Missouri]] f24c253ts4pkb3kwinm2rzi7tfp0pz8 0 40234 878838 538123 2026-07-08T08:53:07Z Nnamadee 31123 An kirkira ta fassara "Education and training" daga shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1361877131|Visual arts]]" 878838 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[File:Vincent_van_Gogh_-_The_Church_in_Auvers-sur-Oise,_View_from_the_Chevet_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|alt=Vincent van Gogh painting ''The Church at Auvers'' from 1890 gray church against blue sky|thumb| ''[[The Church at Auvers|Cocin a Auvers]]'', [[Oil painting|zanen mai]] na [[Vincent van Gogh]] (1890)]] '''Zane-zane na gani,''' sune [[Art|nau'ikan fasaha]] kamar zanen, zane, yin bugu, sassaka, yumbu, daukar hoto, [[bidiyo]],shirya fim, ƙira, sana'a da [[Karatun gine-gine|gine-gine]]. Yawancin nau'o'in fasaha kamar [[Yin zane-zane|wasan kwaikwayo]], fasaha na ra'ayi, da zane-zanen yadi kuma sun haɗa da fasahohin fasahar gani da fasaha na wasu nau'ikan. Har ila yau, an haɗa su a cikin zane-zane na gani<ref>An About.com article by art expert, Shelley Esaak: What Is Visual Art? Archived 2 July 2015 at the Wayback Machine</ref> akwai zane-zane da aka yi amfani da su kamar ƙirar masana'antu,<ref>"Centre for Arts and Design in Toronto, Canada". Georgebrown.ca. 15 February 2011. Archived from the original on 28 October 2011. Retrieved 30 October 2011.</ref> zane mai hoto, ƙirar salon, ƙirar ciki da kayan ado.<ref>Different Forms of Art – Applied Art Archived 23 June 2017 at the Wayback Machine. Buzzle.com. Retrieved 11 December 2010.</ref> Yin amfani da kalmar "zane-zane na gani" na yanzu ya haɗa da fasaha mai kyau da kuma zane-zane ko kayan ado da fasaha, amma wannan ba koyaushe haka yake ba. Kafin Ƙwararren Ƙarni na 20, Kalmar 'Mawallafin' ta kasance a cikin wasu [[Birtaniya|ƙarni]] sau da yawa ana iyakance ga mutumin da ke aiki a cikin zane-zane (kamar zane, sassaka, ko bugawa) kuma ba fasahar kayan ado, sana'a, ko kafofin watsa labarai na fasahar gani da ake amfani da su. Masu fasaha na Ƙungiyoyin Sana'a da Sana'a sun jaddada bambance-bambancen, waɗanda suka daraja siffofin zane-zane na harshe kamar manyan siffofi. Makarantun zane-zane sun bambanta tsakanin fasaha mai kyau da fasaha, suna kiyaye cewa mai sana'a ba za a iya ɗaukarsa a matsayin mai sana'ar fasaha. [[File:Metropolitan_Museum_1_(4675714481).jpg|thumb| Gidan kayan gargajiya na Metropolitan a Manhattan. Gidajen tarihi sun zama dandalin farko na nunin fasahar gani.]] Haɓakawa na fifita salon zanen, kuma zuwa ƙaramin mataki, na fasaha ko salo fiye da wani ya kasance siffa ta masu fasaha a tsawon shekaru. A lokuta da dama ana ganin zanen ya dogara ga mafi girman tunanin mai zane, kuma mafi nisa daga aikin hannu-a zanen Sinanci salon da aka fi kima da shi shi ne na "zane-zane" a kalla a ka'idar da aka yi. by gentleman amateurs. Sarakunan Yammacin Turai na nau'ikan sun nuna halaye iri ɗaya. == Ilimi da horo == Horowa a fasahar gani gabaɗaya ya kasance ta hanyar bambance-bambancen tsarin koyo da tsarin bita. A Turai yunkurin Renaissance na kara martabar mai zane ya haifar da tsarin makarantar horar da masu fasaha, kuma a yau yawancin mutanen da ke neman aikin fasaha suna horar da su a makarantun fasaha a matakin manyan makarantu. Fasahar gani yanzu ta zama zaɓaɓɓen batu a yawancin tsarin ilimi. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=73–87}}</ref> [[File:Battle_of_Issus_mosaic_-_Museo_Archeologico_Nazionale_-_Naples_2013-05-16_16-25-06_BW.jpg|alt=Mosaic of Battle of Issus Alexander against Darius|left|thumb| Mosaic na Yaƙin Issus]] [[File:Ankh_isis_nefertari.jpg|alt=drawing of Nefertari with Isis|right|thumb| Nefertari tare da Isis]] [[File:Raphael_Spasimo.jpg|alt=Raphael painting of Christ Falling on the Way to Calvary from 1514 to 1516|right|thumb| Raphael: ''Spasimo'' (1514-1516)]] [[File:La_ronda_de_noche,_por_Rembrandt_van_Rijn.jpg|alt=Rembrandt painting Night Watch two men striding forward with a crowd|left|thumb| Rembrandt: Kallon ''Dare'', 1642]] [[File:Monet_dejeunersurlherbe.jpg|alt=Claude Monet painting Déjeuner sur l'herbe from 1866 artists sitting on picnic blanket|right|thumb| Claude Monet: ''Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe'' (1866)]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] == Ilimi da horarwa == Ilimi da horar da fasahar gani sun canza a tsawon lokaci, tare da hanyoyin da ake bi sun bambanta a cikin mahallin duniya da al'adu. A tarihi, horo a fannin fasahar gani ya fara ne a matsayin bambance-bambancen tsarin koyon aiki da bita, yawanci yana ɗaukar tsawon shekaru 2 zuwa 6.: 6  Juyin ilimin fasaha a tsawon lokaci ya bi hanyoyi daban-daban na yanki. A cikin ƙasashe da yawa na Turai da Arewacin Amurka, makarantun fasaha na yau da kullun sun girma zuwa jami'o'i da cibiyoyi. Sakamakon tasirin masana'antu, mayar da hankalinsu ya koma ga fifita fasahar da aka yi amfani da ita fiye da fasahar zane . Sabanin haka, ƙasashe da dama na Afirka da ke kudu da hamadar Sahara sun ga an cire fifikon ilimin fasaha ko cire shi daga manhajojin farko don fifita fannoni na sana'a ko STEM. <ref name="Ulger2016">{{Cite journal |last=Ulger |first=Kani |date=March 2016 |title=The creative training in the visual arts education |journal=Thinking Skills and Creativity |volume=19 |pages=73–87 |doi=10.1016/j.tsc.2015.10.007}}</ref> Manhajojin karatu sun kasance suna bin fifikon gwamnati ko manyan mutane a yankunan Asiya, kodayake ƙasashe kamar Singapore sun sabunta hanyarsu ta hanyar mai da hankali kan albarkatu zuwa fasahar gani ta dijital a matsayin babban ɓangaren tattalin arzikin ƙirƙira . A Gabas ta Tsakiya, ilimin zamani ya koma daga samfuran Turai na ƙarni na 19 zuwa mai da hankali kan [[Yawon bude ido|yawon buɗe ido]] da kiyaye kayan tarihi na al'adu. Rikicin siyasa, tattalin arziki, da zamantakewa na ci gaba da haifar da abin da aka yarda da shi a matsayin ilimin fasaha a makarantu a yankuna da dama. Misali, tsarin ilimi da aka takaita a ƙarƙashin mulkin mallaka a ƙasashe da dama na Latin Amurka sun koma ga mai da hankali kan fasahar zamani don haɓaka asalin ƙasa. Ilimin fasaha na Mexico yana nuna tarihin tashin hankali na koyarwa, yayin da tsarin ya nemi daidaita al'adun fasaha na asali da tsarin ilimi na Yamma, wanda galibi ke haifar da rarrabuwar kawuna a fannin ilimi. Gidajen tarihi, gidajen tarihi na fasaha, da sauran cibiyoyin al'adu suna aiki a matsayin kayan aikin koyar da fasaha na yau da kullun. Ta hanyar tarin bayanai da shirye-shiryen jama'a, waɗannan cibiyoyin suna ba da yanayin tarihi da kuma bayyanar [[Aesthetics/Kayan ado|da kyau]] wanda ke dacewa ko maye gurbin manhajojin ilimi na yau da kullun. 95b2v6pez9qjk4aqrl3kcxt7vd4ni3o 0 41967 878718 825214 2026-07-07T21:53:50Z M Bash Ne 12403 /* Jiragen sama da wuraren zuwa */ 878718 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Reflist}}{{Databox}} '''Filin Jirgin Hassan I''' filin jirgin sama ne mai hidima a [[Laayoune]], birni mafi girma a [[Yammacin Sahara]]. Filin jirgin an saka masa sunan Hassan I na Morocco. Kamfanin ONDA mallakar gwamnatin [[Moroko|Morocco]] ne ke sarrafa shi. Saboda yanayin siyasa, musamman a Yammacin Sahara, wannan filin jirgin sama ya kasance a cikin AIP na [[Moroko|Morocco]] a matsayin ''GMML'' kuma a cikin AIP na Sipaniya kamar ''GSAI''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=El Aaiun Airport information in the Spanish AIP |url=https://www.aena.es/csee/ccurl/277/304/LE_AD_2_GSAI_en.pdf |access-date=2023-02-20 |archive-date=2016-06-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160624043953/https://www.aena.es/csee/ccurl/277/304/LE_AD_2_GSAI_en.pdf |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> == Jiragen sama da wuraren zuwa == Kamfanonin jiragen sama masu zuwa suna yin jigilar jirage da aka tsara akai-akai a filin jirgin saman Laayoune. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * Current weather for GMML at NOAA/NWS * Accident history for Laayoune-Hassan I Airport (EUN) at Aviation Safety Network [[Category:Filayen Jiragen sama]] q1e4xjegcmkt1wdjte2zl45biog2wzc 878841 878718 2026-07-08T09:31:49Z M Bash Ne 12403 /* Hanyoyin haɗi na waje */ 878841 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Reflist}}{{Databox}} '''Filin Jirgin Hassan I''' filin jirgin sama ne mai hidima a [[Laayoune]], birni mafi girma a [[Yammacin Sahara]]. Filin jirgin an saka masa sunan Hassan I na Morocco. Kamfanin ONDA mallakar gwamnatin [[Moroko|Morocco]] ne ke sarrafa shi. Saboda yanayin siyasa, musamman a Yammacin Sahara, wannan filin jirgin sama ya kasance a cikin AIP na [[Moroko|Morocco]] a matsayin ''GMML'' kuma a cikin AIP na Sipaniya kamar ''GSAI''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=El Aaiun Airport information in the Spanish AIP |url=https://www.aena.es/csee/ccurl/277/304/LE_AD_2_GSAI_en.pdf |access-date=2023-02-20 |archive-date=2016-06-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160624043953/https://www.aena.es/csee/ccurl/277/304/LE_AD_2_GSAI_en.pdf |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> == Jiragen sama da wuraren zuwa == Kamfanonin jiragen sama masu zuwa suna yin jigilar jirage da aka tsara akai-akai a filin jirgin saman Laayoune. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * Current weather for GMML at NOAA/NWS * Accident history for Laayoune-Hassan I Airport (EUN) at Aviation Safety Network [[Category:Filayen Jiragen sama]] d05bxzayk95hgiubshg1gso8ltkv7qs 0 43031 878847 796649 2026-07-08T09:39:31Z M Bash Ne 12403 878847 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ibrahim Hassan''' (an haife shi ranar 25 ga watan Yulin shekarar 1991) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Masar wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gefe a Zamalek SC a gasar Premier ta Masar.<ref>http://www.footballdatabase.eu/football.joueurs.ibrahim.hassan.158240.en.html</ref> == Kofuna == === Zamalek SC === * Kofin Super Cup na Saudiyya da Masar: 2018, * CAF Confederation Cup: 2018-19, Kofin Masar: 2018-19 == Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[category:Haifaffun 1991]] [[Category:Rayayyun Mutane]] f2ybrbvccf1poi1lyj34d7zig7edfcp 0 43334 878735 850485 2026-07-07T23:02:35Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1357911028|Red Sea]]" 878735 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bahar Maliya''' ita ce hanyar shiga [[teku]] Indiya, tana tsakanin Afirka da Asiya. Haɗin ta da teku yana kudu, ta hanyar [[Bab-el-Mandeb]] Strait da Gulf of Aden . A arewacin Bahar Maliya akwai Yankin Sinai, Tekun Aqaba, da Tekun Suez, wanda ke kaiwa ga [[Suez canal|Suez Canal]]. An kafa shi da Red Sea Rift, wanda yake wani ɓangare na Great Rift Valley. Bahar Maliya tana da yanki na kusan km2 sq , <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 June 2008 |title=State of the Marine Environment Report for the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden: 2006 |url=https://www.cbd.int/doc/meetings/mar/ebsaws-2015-02/other/ebsaws-2015-02-persga-submission1-en.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421194829/https://www.cbd.int/doc/meetings/mar/ebsaws-2015-02/other/ebsaws-2015-02-persga-submission1-en.pdf |archive-date=21 April 2021 |access-date=25 January 2020}}</ref> yana da kimanin kilomita {{Cvt|2250|km|mi}} (1,400 tsawo, da kuma kilomita {{Cvt|355|km|mi}} (221 a fadin a mafi faɗin. Yana da matsakaicin zurfin {{Cvt|490|m|ft}} m (1,610 , kuma a tsakiyar Suakin Trough, ya kai matsakaicin قووڵایی {{Cvt|2730|m|ft}} . Bahar Maliya ba ta da zurfi, tare da kusan 40% na yankinta yana ƙasa da {{Cvt|100|m|ft}} zurfi, kuma kusan 25% yana ƙasa da {{Cvt|50|m|ft}} zurfin. An lura da manyan shelfs masu zurfi saboda rayuwarsu ta ruwa da murjani. Fiye da nau'ikan dabbobi 1,000 da nau'in murjani mai laushi da mai wuya 200 suna rayuwa a cikin teku. Bahar Maliya ita ce teku mafi zafi a arewacin duniya kuma an sanya ta a matsayin yankin Duniya 200. {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:100%" !Adadin !Kasar !Yankin (Km²) |- | align="center" |1 | Saudi Arabia | align="center" |186,392 |- | align="center" |2 | Sudan | align="center" |92,513 |- | align="center" |3 | Misira | align="center" |91,279 |- | align="center" |4 |{{ERI}} | align="center" |78,383 |- | align="center" |5 |{{YEM}} | align="center" |35,861 |- | align="center" |6 | Djibouti | align="center" |7,037 |- style="background:#9acdff;" !Jimillar |'''Bahar Maliya''' | align="center" |'''491,465''' |} Lura: Hala'ib Triangle ya yi jayayya tsakanin Sudan da Masar kuma an lissafa su duka biyu. [[Fayil:Tihama_on_the_Red_Sea_near_Khaukha,_Yemen.jpg|thumb|Tihama a kan Bahar Maliya kusa da Khaukha, [[Yemen]]]] r7o38b5h2hy9ltwmdhluay7yvht2ikq 878736 878735 2026-07-07T23:03:05Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 878736 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Bahar Maliya''' ita ce hanyar shiga [[teku]] Indiya, tana tsakanin Afirka da Asiya. Haɗin ta da teku yana kudu, ta hanyar [[Bab-el-Mandeb]] Strait da Gulf of Aden . A arewacin Bahar Maliya akwai Yankin Sinai, Tekun Aqaba, da Tekun Suez, wanda ke kaiwa ga [[Suez canal|Suez Canal]]. An kafa shi da Red Sea Rift, wanda yake wani ɓangare na Great Rift Valley. Bahar Maliya tana da yanki na kusan km2 sq , <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 June 2008 |title=State of the Marine Environment Report for the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden: 2006 |url=https://www.cbd.int/doc/meetings/mar/ebsaws-2015-02/other/ebsaws-2015-02-persga-submission1-en.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421194829/https://www.cbd.int/doc/meetings/mar/ebsaws-2015-02/other/ebsaws-2015-02-persga-submission1-en.pdf |archive-date=21 April 2021 |access-date=25 January 2020}}</ref> yana da kimanin kilomita {{Cvt|2250|km|mi}} (1,400 tsawo, da kuma kilomita {{Cvt|355|km|mi}} (221 a fadin a mafi faɗin. Yana da matsakaicin zurfin {{Cvt|490|m|ft}} m (1,610 , kuma a tsakiyar Suakin Trough, ya kai matsakaicin قووڵایی {{Cvt|2730|m|ft}} . Bahar Maliya ba ta da zurfi, tare da kusan 40% na yankinta yana ƙasa da {{Cvt|100|m|ft}} zurfi, kuma kusan 25% yana ƙasa da {{Cvt|50|m|ft}} zurfin. An lura da manyan shelfs masu zurfi saboda rayuwarsu ta ruwa da murjani. Fiye da nau'ikan dabbobi 1,000 da nau'in murjani mai laushi da mai wuya 200 suna rayuwa a cikin teku. Bahar Maliya ita ce teku mafi zafi a arewacin duniya kuma an sanya ta a matsayin yankin Duniya 200. {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:100%" !Adadin !Kasar !Yankin (Km²) |- | align="center" |1 | Saudi Arabia | align="center" |186,392 |- | align="center" |2 | Sudan | align="center" |92,513 |- | align="center" |3 | Misira | align="center" |91,279 |- | align="center" |4 |{{ERI}} | align="center" |78,383 |- | align="center" |5 |{{YEM}} | align="center" |35,861 |- | align="center" |6 | Djibouti | align="center" |7,037 |- style="background:#9acdff;" !Jimillar |'''Bahar Maliya''' | align="center" |'''491,465''' |} Lura: Hala'ib Triangle ya yi jayayya tsakanin Sudan da Masar kuma an lissafa su duka biyu. [[Fayil:Tihama_on_the_Red_Sea_near_Khaukha,_Yemen.jpg|thumb|Tihama a kan Bahar Maliya kusa da Khaukha, [[Yemen]]]] ==manazarta== spom9n34mfuvqdkjzm9698jlzbhb9i2 0 43679 878494 461409 2026-07-07T12:41:38Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878494 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Kwallon kafa a Aljeriya''' ( [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ), ita ce wasan da ya fi shahara a ƙasar.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.africaprofile.com/algeria-sports.html|title=Sports in Algeria|year=2006|publisher=Africa Profile|access-date=2012-01-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120426091712/http://www.africaprofile.com/algeria-sports.html|archive-date=2012-04-26|url-status=dead}}</ref> An shirya babbar gasar cikin gida na ƙasar zuwa rukuni biyu na ƙasa, Aljeriyan Ligue Professionnelle 1 da Aljeriya Ligue Professionnelle 2, wanda Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Aljeriya ke kulawa. == Tarihi == === Farko === A ranar 5 ga watan Fabrairun 1894, lokacin da Faransa ta mamaye zamanin Aljeriya, an kafa kulob na farko na Aljeriya a [[Oran]] . Club des Joyeusetés d'Oran, Turawa mazauna ne suka kafa a unguwar El-Derb na Oran. A cikin wannan shekarar ne ƙungiyar ''Athlétique Liberté d'Oran'' (CAL Oran), ta kafa a cikin shekarar 1897 da Turawa mazauna unguwar Saint-Antoine na Oran ƙarƙashin sunan ''Club Athlétique d'Oran'' . Waɗannan su ne kulake na farko a ƙasar da kuma Maghreb .<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.footballogue.com/club-oran-288.html|title=Club de football d'Oran|publisher=footballogue.com|access-date=2012-01-04}}</ref> Sauran kulake za su biyo baya, sannan kuma za a ƙirƙira su a garuruwa daban-daban ciki har da Oran. A shekarar 1898 aka kafa kulob na farko na musulmi, CS Constantine an haife shi a [[Kusantina|Constantine]] a ƙarƙashin sunan ''IKBAL Emancipation'' . A cikin shekarar 1911 Hukumar Ƙwallon ƙafa ta Faransa ta ƙirƙira Gasar Arewacin Afirka da ke wakiltar rukunin Faransa na uku (Liga daraja), wanda ya zama gasa a hukumance a cikin shekarar 1921 bayan ƙirƙirar a shekarar 1920 na wasannin yankuna uku a [[Oran]], [[Aljir|Algiers]] da [[Kusantina|Constantine]], wanda ya lashe kowace gasar ya cancanci. zuwa Gasar Arewacin Afirka. == Kungiyoyi == == Manazarta == {{Reflist|40em}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.faf.dz FAF official website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090704163935/http://www.faf.dz/ |date=2009-07-04 }} * [http://lfp.dz Yanar Gizo na LFP] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230312093054/https://lfp.dz/ |date=2023-03-12 }} kbpi53tpegulmgulfqpt9c6oi5osfta 0 44101 878663 875120 2026-07-07T20:31:50Z Kamala Murtala Dutsen kura 46459 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1354626696|Hauwa Allahbura]]" 878663 wikitext text/x-wiki   Hauwa Allahbura 'yar kasuwa ce ta Najeriya, mai gudanar da kasuwanci, mai samar da kafofin watsa labarai, kuma mai ba da shawara ga aikinta a fadin makamashi, teku, sadarwa ta dabarun, da kuma kafofin watsa labarai. Ita ce ta kafa Lahbura24 Limited, kamfanin makamashi da ayyukan dabarun da ke da hannu a hayar jiragen ruwa da man fetur da sabis na gas. Har ila yau, ita ce co-kafa kuma mafi yawan masu hannun jari na Cut24 Productions, kamfanin watsa labarai da samar da fina-finai na Najeriya. Allahbura a baya ta yi aiki a matsayin Darakta na Sadarwar Kamfanoni a Vinicius Group, inda ta kula da dabarun dijital da shirye-shiryen sadarwa na kamfanoni. An kuma san ta da kafa Pull-up Naija, kamfen ɗin sadaukar da kai na jama'a da nufin ƙarfafa matasa su shiga cikin tsarin zaben Najeriya. == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Hauwa Allahbura a [[Lagos (jiha)|Jihar Legas]], Najeriya, a cikin dangin jami'an kwastam. Saboda yanayin aikin mahaifinta, ta halarci makarantun firamare a sassa daban-daban na Najeriya, gami da Crescent International School, Legas; Crescent International Makarantar, Kano; da Makarantar Kasa da Kasa ta Faransa, [[Badagry]] . Ta halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta 'yan sanda, Minna, [[Neja|Jihar Nijar]], kuma daga baya [[Federal Government College, Ilorin|Kwalejin Gwamnatin Tarayya, Ilorin]], [[Kwara (Jiha)|Jihar Kwara]] . Ta sami digiri a Tarihi da Nazarin Kasa da Kasa daga [[Jami'ar Jihar Nasarawa]], [[Keffi]] . Ta kuma yi karatu a Kwalejin Fim ta London, Kwalejin Fina-Fim ta New York, da Jami'ar Jihar Montana, kuma ta sami difloma a cikin Masarautar Tattaunawa daga [[Jami'ar Harvard]] . == Ayyuka == === Kafofin watsa labarai da nishaɗi === Allahbura ta fara aikinta a masana'antar nishaɗin Najeriya a matsayin mai gabatar da talabijin da kuma 'yar wasan kwaikwayo. An zaba ta don shiga jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na M-Net ''[[Tinsel (TV series)|Tinsel]]'', inda ta taka rawar Maro . Daga baya ta bayyana kuma ta samar da fina-finai da shirye-shiryen talabijin da yawa na Najeriya, ciki har da ''[[Gidi Blues]]'' (2016), The Eve (2018), ''[[Code Wilo]]'' (2019), ''Las Gidi Vice'', Battle Ground, da ''Okiripoto'' (2020). Ta kafa Cut24 Productions tare da mai shirya fina-finai [[Femi Odugbemi]] kuma daga baya ta zama babban jami'in kamfanin. A halin yanzu tana da mafi yawan hannun jari a kamfanin. === Sadarwar kamfanoni da kasuwancin kasuwanci === Allahbura daga baya ya sauya zuwa sadarwa ta kamfanoni, ci gaban dabarun, da kuma matsayin gudanar da kasuwanci a cikin kamfanoni masu zaman kansu. Ta yi aiki a matsayin Darakta na Sadarwar Kamfanoni a Vinicius Group, inda ta jagoranci hanyoyin sadarwa na kamfanoni da dabarun dabarun dijital. Daga baya ta kafa Lahbura24 Limited, wani kamfani na Najeriya da ke da hannu a cikin ayyukan dabarun, sabis na makamashi, sabis na dijital, da kwangila da ke da alaƙa da gwamnati. === Makamashi da bangaren teku === Allahbura yana da hannu a bangaren mai da iskar gas na Najeriya ta hanyar Lahbura Energy, wani bangare da ke mai da hankali kan kayan aikin teku, hayar jiragen ruwa, da ayyukan da suka shafi makamashi. Ayyukanta a cikin bangaren sun haɗa da sha'awa a cikin sabis na tallafi na waje, kayan aikin ruwa, da ayyukan jiragen ruwa da ke da alaƙa da masana'antar makamashi. == Shirye-shiryen jama'a da shawarwari == === Manzanni 24 === Allahbura shine wanda ya kafa 24 Angels Initiative, wata kungiya mai zaman kanta da ke mai da hankali kan tallafin kasuwanci, shiga matasa, da shirye-shiryen ci gaban al'umma a Najeriya. Ta hanyar shirin, ta goyi bayan kananan kamfanoni da 'yan kasuwa. === Tashin Naija === A karkashin shirin 24 Angels, ta kaddamar da Pull-up Naija, kamfen ɗin sadaukar da kai na jama'a wanda aka tsara don ƙarfafa matasa su shiga cikin tsarin zaben Najeriya da kuma inganta wayar da kan jama'a game da masu jefa kuri'a tsakanin matasa 'yan Najeriya. === Ƙididdigar Tsaro ta Najeriya === Har ila yau, shirin 24 Angels yana kula da Cibiyar Tsaro ta Najeriya (NSI), bayanan jama'a da dandalin jin dadin jama'a wanda ke mai da hankali kan shugabanci, tsaro, tattalin arziki, amincewar masu saka hannun jari, da alamun kwanciyar hankali a Najeriya. == Tarihin iyali == Allahbura 'yar marigayi Ilyasu Yakubu Allahbura ce, mataimakin mai kula da kwastomomi da ya yi ritaya. == Hotunan fina-finai == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Taken !Matsayi |- |2014 |''Rovieno'' | |- |2015 |''Binciken Ruwa'' | |- |2016 |''[[Gidi Blues]]'' |Nkem Nochiri |- |2017 |''3 Jama'a ce'' |Oma |- |2018 |''[[The Eve (2018fim)|Hauwa'u]]'' |Uwa |- |2018 |''Las Gidi Vice'' |Jemila |- |2019 |''[[Code Wilo]]'' | |- |2020 |''Okiripoto'' | |} == Ƙungiyoyin == * Lahbura24 Limited * Lahbura Makamashi * Cut24 Productions * Manzanni 24 == Bayanan da aka ambata == <references /> [[Rukuni:Mutane daga Jihar Legas]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] fm525vo432p2emfmyaoouau9ejwdnpd 878664 878663 2026-07-07T20:35:10Z Kamala Murtala Dutsen kura 46459 /* Ayyuka */ 878664 wikitext text/x-wiki   Hauwa Allahbura 'yar kasuwa ce ta Najeriya, mai gudanar da kasuwanci, mai samar da kafofin watsa labarai, kuma mai ba da shawara ga aikinta a fadin makamashi, teku, sadarwa ta dabarun, da kuma kafofin watsa labarai. Ita ce ta kafa Lahbura24 Limited, kamfanin makamashi da ayyukan dabarun da ke da hannu a hayar jiragen ruwa da man fetur da sabis na gas. Har ila yau, ita ce co-kafa kuma mafi yawan masu hannun jari na Cut24 Productions, kamfanin watsa labarai da samar da fina-finai na Najeriya. Allahbura a baya ta yi aiki a matsayin Darakta na Sadarwar Kamfanoni a Vinicius Group, inda ta kula da dabarun dijital da shirye-shiryen sadarwa na kamfanoni. An kuma san ta da kafa Pull-up Naija, kamfen ɗin sadaukar da kai na jama'a da nufin ƙarfafa matasa su shiga cikin tsarin zaben Najeriya. == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Hauwa Allahbura a [[Lagos (jiha)|Jihar Legas]], Najeriya, a cikin dangin jami'an kwastam. Saboda yanayin aikin mahaifinta, ta halarci makarantun firamare a sassa daban-daban na Najeriya, gami da Crescent International School, Legas; Crescent International Makarantar, Kano; da Makarantar Kasa da Kasa ta Faransa, [[Badagry]] . Ta halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta 'yan sanda, Minna, [[Neja|Jihar Nijar]], kuma daga baya [[Federal Government College, Ilorin|Kwalejin Gwamnatin Tarayya, Ilorin]], [[Kwara (Jiha)|Jihar Kwara]] . Ta sami digiri a Tarihi da Nazarin Kasa da Kasa daga [[Jami'ar Jihar Nasarawa]], [[Keffi]] . Ta kuma yi karatu a Kwalejin Fim ta London, Kwalejin Fina-Fim ta New York, da Jami'ar Jihar Montana, kuma ta sami difloma a cikin Masarautar Tattaunawa daga [[Jami'ar Harvard]] . == Ayyuka == === Kafofin watsa labarai da nishaɗi === Hauwa'u ta fara aikinta a masana'antar nishaɗin Najeriya a matsayin mai gabatar da talabijin da kuma 'yar wasan kwaikwayo. An zaba ta don shiga jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na M-Net ''[[Tinsel (TV series)|Tinsel]]'', inda ta taka rawar Maro . Daga baya ta bayyana kuma ta samar da fina-finai da shirye-shiryen talabijin da yawa na Najeriya, ciki har da ''[[Gidi Blues]]'' (2016), The Eve (2018), ''[[Code Wilo]]'' (2019), ''Las Gidi Vice'', Battle Ground, da ''Okiripoto'' (2020). Ta kafa Cut24 Productions tare da mai shirya fina-finai [[Femi Odugbemi]] kuma daga baya ta zama babban jami'in kamfanin. A halin yanzu tana da mafi yawan hannun jari a kamfanin. === Sadarwar kamfanoni da kasuwancin kasuwanci === Allahbura daga baya ya sauya zuwa sadarwa ta kamfanoni, ci gaban dabarun, da kuma matsayin gudanar da kasuwanci a cikin kamfanoni masu zaman kansu. Ta yi aiki a matsayin Darakta na Sadarwar Kamfanoni a Vinicius Group, inda ta jagoranci hanyoyin sadarwa na kamfanoni da dabarun dabarun dijital. Daga baya ta kafa Lahbura24 Limited, wani kamfani na Najeriya da ke da hannu a cikin ayyukan dabarun, sabis na makamashi, sabis na dijital, da kwangila da ke da alaƙa da gwamnati. === Makamashi da bangaren teku === Allahbura yana da hannu a bangaren mai da iskar gas na Najeriya ta hanyar Lahbura Energy, wani bangare da ke mai da hankali kan kayan aikin teku, hayar jiragen ruwa, da ayyukan da suka shafi makamashi. Ayyukanta a cikin bangaren sun haɗa da sha'awa a cikin sabis na tallafi na waje, kayan aikin ruwa, da ayyukan jiragen ruwa da ke da alaƙa da masana'antar makamashi. == Shirye-shiryen jama'a da shawarwari == === Manzanni 24 === Allahbura shine wanda ya kafa 24 Angels Initiative, wata kungiya mai zaman kanta da ke mai da hankali kan tallafin kasuwanci, shiga matasa, da shirye-shiryen ci gaban al'umma a Najeriya. Ta hanyar shirin, ta goyi bayan kananan kamfanoni da 'yan kasuwa. === Tashin Naija === A karkashin shirin 24 Angels, ta kaddamar da Pull-up Naija, kamfen ɗin sadaukar da kai na jama'a wanda aka tsara don ƙarfafa matasa su shiga cikin tsarin zaben Najeriya da kuma inganta wayar da kan jama'a game da masu jefa kuri'a tsakanin matasa 'yan Najeriya. === Ƙididdigar Tsaro ta Najeriya === Har ila yau, shirin 24 Angels yana kula da Cibiyar Tsaro ta Najeriya (NSI), bayanan jama'a da dandalin jin dadin jama'a wanda ke mai da hankali kan shugabanci, tsaro, tattalin arziki, amincewar masu saka hannun jari, da alamun kwanciyar hankali a Najeriya. == Tarihin iyali == Allahbura 'yar marigayi Ilyasu Yakubu Allahbura ce, mataimakin mai kula da kwastomomi da ya yi ritaya. == Hotunan fina-finai == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Taken !Matsayi |- |2014 |''Rovieno'' | |- |2015 |''Binciken Ruwa'' | |- |2016 |''[[Gidi Blues]]'' |Nkem Nochiri |- |2017 |''3 Jama'a ce'' |Oma |- |2018 |''[[The Eve (2018fim)|Hauwa'u]]'' |Uwa |- |2018 |''Las Gidi Vice'' |Jemila |- |2019 |''[[Code Wilo]]'' | |- |2020 |''Okiripoto'' | |} == Ƙungiyoyin == * Lahbura24 Limited * Lahbura Makamashi * Cut24 Productions * Manzanni 24 == Bayanan da aka ambata == <references /> [[Rukuni:Mutane daga Jihar Legas]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 6e2hf6ksvmo30c3iycsl00onrwoa1q1 878665 878664 2026-07-07T20:36:02Z Kamala Murtala Dutsen kura 46459 /* Kafofin watsa labarai da nishaɗi */ 878665 wikitext text/x-wiki   Hauwa Allahbura 'yar kasuwa ce ta Najeriya, mai gudanar da kasuwanci, mai samar da kafofin watsa labarai, kuma mai ba da shawara ga aikinta a fadin makamashi, teku, sadarwa ta dabarun, da kuma kafofin watsa labarai. Ita ce ta kafa Lahbura24 Limited, kamfanin makamashi da ayyukan dabarun da ke da hannu a hayar jiragen ruwa da man fetur da sabis na gas. Har ila yau, ita ce co-kafa kuma mafi yawan masu hannun jari na Cut24 Productions, kamfanin watsa labarai da samar da fina-finai na Najeriya. Allahbura a baya ta yi aiki a matsayin Darakta na Sadarwar Kamfanoni a Vinicius Group, inda ta kula da dabarun dijital da shirye-shiryen sadarwa na kamfanoni. An kuma san ta da kafa Pull-up Naija, kamfen ɗin sadaukar da kai na jama'a da nufin ƙarfafa matasa su shiga cikin tsarin zaben Najeriya. == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Hauwa Allahbura a [[Lagos (jiha)|Jihar Legas]], Najeriya, a cikin dangin jami'an kwastam. Saboda yanayin aikin mahaifinta, ta halarci makarantun firamare a sassa daban-daban na Najeriya, gami da Crescent International School, Legas; Crescent International Makarantar, Kano; da Makarantar Kasa da Kasa ta Faransa, [[Badagry]] . Ta halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta 'yan sanda, Minna, [[Neja|Jihar Nijar]], kuma daga baya [[Federal Government College, Ilorin|Kwalejin Gwamnatin Tarayya, Ilorin]], [[Kwara (Jiha)|Jihar Kwara]] . Ta sami digiri a Tarihi da Nazarin Kasa da Kasa daga [[Jami'ar Jihar Nasarawa]], [[Keffi]] . Ta kuma yi karatu a Kwalejin Fim ta London, Kwalejin Fina-Fim ta New York, da Jami'ar Jihar Montana, kuma ta sami difloma a cikin Masarautar Tattaunawa daga [[Jami'ar Harvard]] . == Ayyuka == === Kafofin watsa labarai da nishaɗi === Hauwa'u ta fara aikinta a masana'antar nishaɗin Najeriya a matsayin mai gabatar da talabijin da kuma 'yar wasan kwaikwayo. An zaba ta don shiga jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na M-Net ''[[Tinsel (TV series)|Tinsel]]'', inda ta taka rawar Maro . Daga baya ta bayyana kuma ta samar da fina-finai da shirye-shiryen talabijin da yawa na Najeriya, ciki har da ''[[Gidi Blues]]'' (2016), The Eve (2018), ''[[Code Wilo]]'' (2019), ''Las Gidi Vice'', Battle Ground, da ''Okiripoto'' (2020). Ta kafa Cut24 Productions tare da mai shirya fina-finai [[Femi Odugbemi]] kuma daga baya ta zama babban jami'in kamfanin. A halin yanzu tana da mafi yawan hannun jari a kamfanin. === Sadarwar kamfanoni da kasuwancin kasuwanci === Allahbura daga baya ya sauya zuwa sadarwa ta kamfanoni, ci gaban dabarun, da kuma matsayin gudanar da kasuwanci a cikin kamfanoni masu zaman kansu. Ta yi aiki a matsayin Darakta na Sadarwar Kamfanoni a Vinicius Group, inda ta jagoranci hanyoyin sadarwa na kamfanoni da dabarun dabarun dijital. Daga baya ta kafa Lahbura24 Limited, wani kamfani na Najeriya da ke da hannu a cikin ayyukan dabarun, sabis na makamashi, sabis na dijital, da kwangila da ke da alaƙa da gwamnati. === Makamashi da bangaren teku === Allahbura yana da hannu a bangaren mai da iskar gas na Najeriya ta hanyar Lahbura Energy, wani bangare da ke mai da hankali kan kayan aikin teku, hayar jiragen ruwa, da ayyukan da suka shafi makamashi. Ayyukanta a cikin bangaren sun haɗa da sha'awa a cikin sabis na tallafi na waje, kayan aikin ruwa, da ayyukan jiragen ruwa da ke da alaƙa da masana'antar makamashi. == Shirye-shiryen jama'a da shawarwari == === Manzanni 24 === Allahbura shine wanda ya kafa 24 Angels Initiative, wata kungiya mai zaman kanta da ke mai da hankali kan tallafin kasuwanci, shiga matasa, da shirye-shiryen ci gaban al'umma a Najeriya. Ta hanyar shirin, ta goyi bayan kananan kamfanoni da 'yan kasuwa. === Tashin Naija === A karkashin shirin 24 Angels, ta kaddamar da Pull-up Naija, kamfen ɗin sadaukar da kai na jama'a wanda aka tsara don ƙarfafa matasa su shiga cikin tsarin zaben Najeriya da kuma inganta wayar da kan jama'a game da masu jefa kuri'a tsakanin matasa 'yan Najeriya. === Ƙididdigar Tsaro ta Najeriya === Har ila yau, shirin 24 Angels yana kula da Cibiyar Tsaro ta Najeriya (NSI), bayanan jama'a da dandalin jin dadin jama'a wanda ke mai da hankali kan shugabanci, tsaro, tattalin arziki, amincewar masu saka hannun jari, da alamun kwanciyar hankali a Najeriya. == Tarihin iyali == Allahbura 'yar marigayi Ilyasu Yakubu Allahbura ce, mataimakin mai kula da kwastomomi da ya yi ritaya. == Hotunan fina-finai == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Taken !Matsayi |- |2014 |''Rovieno'' | |- |2015 |''Binciken Ruwa'' | |- |2016 |''[[Gidi Blues]]'' |Nkem Nochiri |- |2017 |''3 Jama'a ce'' |Oma |- |2018 |''[[The Eve (2018fim)|Hauwa'u]]'' |Uwa |- |2018 |''Las Gidi Vice'' |Jemila |- |2019 |''[[Code Wilo]]'' | |- |2020 |''Okiripoto'' | |} == Ƙungiyoyin == * Lahbura24 Limited * Lahbura Makamashi * Cut24 Productions * Manzanni 24 == Bayanan da aka ambata == <references /> [[Rukuni:Mutane daga Jihar Legas]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 4j8mbdwxinbze3ufp9o8mcpgengt4gc 878667 878665 2026-07-07T20:37:25Z Kamala Murtala Dutsen kura 46459 878667 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}}   Hauwa Allahbura 'yar kasuwa ce ta Najeriya, mai gudanar da kasuwanci, mai samar da kafofin watsa labarai, kuma mai ba da shawara ga aikinta a fadin makamashi, teku, sadarwa ta dabarun, da kuma kafofin watsa labarai. Ita ce ta kafa Lahbura24 Limited, kamfanin makamashi da ayyukan dabarun da ke da hannu a hayar jiragen ruwa da man fetur da sabis na gas. Har ila yau, ita ce co-kafa kuma mafi yawan masu hannun jari na Cut24 Productions, kamfanin watsa labarai da samar da fina-finai na Najeriya. Allahbura a baya ta yi aiki a matsayin Darakta na Sadarwar Kamfanoni a Vinicius Group, inda ta kula da dabarun dijital da shirye-shiryen sadarwa na kamfanoni. An kuma san ta da kafa Pull-up Naija, kamfen ɗin sadaukar da kai na jama'a da nufin ƙarfafa matasa su shiga cikin tsarin zaben Najeriya. == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Hauwa Allahbura a [[Lagos (jiha)|Jihar Legas]], Najeriya, a cikin dangin jami'an kwastam. Saboda yanayin aikin mahaifinta, ta halarci makarantun firamare a sassa daban-daban na Najeriya, gami da Crescent International School, Legas; Crescent International Makarantar, Kano; da Makarantar Kasa da Kasa ta Faransa, [[Badagry]] . Ta halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta 'yan sanda, Minna, [[Neja|Jihar Nijar]], kuma daga baya [[Federal Government College, Ilorin|Kwalejin Gwamnatin Tarayya, Ilorin]], [[Kwara (Jiha)|Jihar Kwara]] . Ta sami digiri a Tarihi da Nazarin Kasa da Kasa daga [[Jami'ar Jihar Nasarawa]], [[Keffi]] . Ta kuma yi karatu a Kwalejin Fim ta London, Kwalejin Fina-Fim ta New York, da Jami'ar Jihar Montana, kuma ta sami difloma a cikin Masarautar Tattaunawa daga [[Jami'ar Harvard]] . == Ayyuka == === Kafofin watsa labarai da nishaɗi === Hauwa'u ta fara aikinta a masana'antar nishaɗin Najeriya a matsayin mai gabatar da talabijin da kuma 'yar wasan kwaikwayo. An zaba ta don shiga jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na M-Net ''[[Tinsel (TV series)|Tinsel]]'', inda ta taka rawar Maro . Daga baya ta bayyana kuma ta samar da fina-finai da shirye-shiryen talabijin da yawa na Najeriya, ciki har da ''[[Gidi Blues]]'' (2016), The Eve (2018), ''[[Code Wilo]]'' (2019), ''Las Gidi Vice'', Battle Ground, da ''Okiripoto'' (2020). Ta kafa Cut24 Productions tare da mai shirya fina-finai [[Femi Odugbemi]] kuma daga baya ta zama babban jami'in kamfanin. A halin yanzu tana da mafi yawan hannun jari a kamfanin. === Sadarwar kamfanoni da kasuwancin kasuwanci === Allahbura daga baya ya sauya zuwa sadarwa ta kamfanoni, ci gaban dabarun, da kuma matsayin gudanar da kasuwanci a cikin kamfanoni masu zaman kansu. Ta yi aiki a matsayin Darakta na Sadarwar Kamfanoni a Vinicius Group, inda ta jagoranci hanyoyin sadarwa na kamfanoni da dabarun dabarun dijital. Daga baya ta kafa Lahbura24 Limited, wani kamfani na Najeriya da ke da hannu a cikin ayyukan dabarun, sabis na makamashi, sabis na dijital, da kwangila da ke da alaƙa da gwamnati. === Makamashi da bangaren teku === Allahbura yana da hannu a bangaren mai da iskar gas na Najeriya ta hanyar Lahbura Energy, wani bangare da ke mai da hankali kan kayan aikin teku, hayar jiragen ruwa, da ayyukan da suka shafi makamashi. Ayyukanta a cikin bangaren sun haɗa da sha'awa a cikin sabis na tallafi na waje, kayan aikin ruwa, da ayyukan jiragen ruwa da ke da alaƙa da masana'antar makamashi. == Shirye-shiryen jama'a da shawarwari == === Manzanni 24 === Allahbura shine wanda ya kafa 24 Angels Initiative, wata kungiya mai zaman kanta da ke mai da hankali kan tallafin kasuwanci, shiga matasa, da shirye-shiryen ci gaban al'umma a Najeriya. Ta hanyar shirin, ta goyi bayan kananan kamfanoni da 'yan kasuwa. === Tashin Naija === A karkashin shirin 24 Angels, ta kaddamar da Pull-up Naija, kamfen ɗin sadaukar da kai na jama'a wanda aka tsara don ƙarfafa matasa su shiga cikin tsarin zaben Najeriya da kuma inganta wayar da kan jama'a game da masu jefa kuri'a tsakanin matasa 'yan Najeriya. === Ƙididdigar Tsaro ta Najeriya === Har ila yau, shirin 24 Angels yana kula da Cibiyar Tsaro ta Najeriya (NSI), bayanan jama'a da dandalin jin dadin jama'a wanda ke mai da hankali kan shugabanci, tsaro, tattalin arziki, amincewar masu saka hannun jari, da alamun kwanciyar hankali a Najeriya. == Tarihin iyali == Allahbura 'yar marigayi Ilyasu Yakubu Allahbura ce, mataimakin mai kula da kwastomomi da ya yi ritaya. == Hotunan fina-finai == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Taken !Matsayi |- |2014 |''Rovieno'' | |- |2015 |''Binciken Ruwa'' | |- |2016 |''[[Gidi Blues]]'' |Nkem Nochiri |- |2017 |''3 Jama'a ce'' |Oma |- |2018 |''[[The Eve (2018fim)|Hauwa'u]]'' |Uwa |- |2018 |''Las Gidi Vice'' |Jemila |- |2019 |''[[Code Wilo]]'' | |- |2020 |''Okiripoto'' | |} == Ƙungiyoyin == * Lahbura24 Limited * Lahbura Makamashi * Cut24 Productions * Manzanni 24 == Bayanan da aka ambata == <references /> [[Rukuni:Mutane daga Jihar Legas]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] syu8bhqpzy1vco02pr3m6lav1hvhjio 878670 878667 2026-07-07T20:56:07Z Ab-DanKoɗo 17926 Gyara 878670 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}}   Hauwa Allahbura 'yar kasuwa ce ta Najeriya, mai gudanar da kasuwanci, mai samar da kafofin watsa labarai, kuma mai ba da shawara ga aikinta a fadin makamashi, teku, sadarwa ta dabarun, da kuma kafofin watsa labarai. Ita ce ta kafa Lahbura24 Limited, kamfanin makamashi da ayyukan dabarun da ke da hannu a hayar jiragen ruwa da man fetur da sabis na gas. Har ila yau, ita ce mace wanda ta kafa kuma a mafiya yawan masu hannun jari na Cut24 Productions, kamfanin watsa labarai da samar da fina-finai na Najeriya. Allahbura a baya ta yi aiki a matsayin Darakta na Sadarwar Kamfanoni a Vinicius Group, inda ta kula da dabarun dijital da shirye-shiryen sadarwa na kamfanoni. An kuma san ta da kafa Pull-up Naija, kamfen ɗin sadaukar da kai na jama'a da nufin ƙarfafa matasa su shiga cikin tsarin zaben Najeriya. == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Hauwa Allahbura a [[Lagos (jiha)|Jihar Legas]], Najeriya, a cikin dangin jami'an kwastam. Saboda yanayin aikin mahaifinta, ta halarci makarantun firamare a sassa daban-daban na Najeriya, gami da Crescent International School, Legas; Crescent International Makarantar, Kano; da Makarantar Kasa da Kasa ta Faransa, [[Badagry]] . Ta halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta 'yan sanda, Minna, [[Neja|Jihar Nijar]], kuma daga baya [[Federal Government College, Ilorin|Kwalejin Gwamnatin Tarayya, Ilorin]], [[Kwara (Jiha)|Jihar Kwara]] . Ta sami digiri a Tarihi da Nazarin Kasa da Kasa daga [[Jami'ar Jihar Nasarawa]], [[Keffi]] . Ta kuma yi karatu a Kwalejin Fim ta London, Kwalejin Fina-Fim ta New York, da Jami'ar Jihar Montana, kuma ta sami difloma a cikin Masarautar Tattaunawa daga [[Jami'ar Harvard]] . == Ayyuka == === Kafofin watsa labarai da nishaɗi === Hauwa'u ta fara aikinta a masana'antar nishaɗin Najeriya a matsayin mai gabatar da talabijin da kuma 'yar wasan kwaikwayo. An zaba ta don shiga jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na M-Net ''[[Tinsel (TV series)|Tinsel]]'', inda ta taka rawar Maro . Daga baya ta bayyana kuma ta samar da fina-finai da shirye-shiryen talabijin da yawa na Najeriya, ciki har da ''[[Gidi Blues]]'' (2016), The Eve (2018), ''[[Code Wilo]]'' (2019), ''Las Gidi Vice'', Battle Ground, da ''Okiripoto'' (2020). Ta kafa Cut24 Productions tare da mai shirya fina-finai [[Femi Odugbemi]] kuma daga baya ta zama babban jami'in kamfanin. A halin yanzu tana da mafi yawan hannun jari a kamfanin. === Sadarwar kamfanoni da kasuwancin kasuwanci === Allahbura daga baya ya sauya zuwa sadarwa ta kamfanoni, ci gaban dabarun, da kuma matsayin gudanar da kasuwanci a cikin kamfanoni masu zaman kansu. Ta yi aiki a matsayin Darakta na Sadarwar Kamfanoni a Vinicius Group, inda ta jagoranci hanyoyin sadarwa na kamfanoni da dabarun dabarun dijital. Daga baya ta kafa Lahbura24 Limited, wani kamfani na Najeriya da ke da hannu a cikin ayyukan dabarun, sabis na makamashi, sabis na dijital, da kwangila da ke da alaƙa da gwamnati. === Makamashi da bangaren teku === Allahbura yana da hannu a bangaren mai da iskar gas na Najeriya ta hanyar Lahbura Energy, wani bangare da ke mai da hankali kan kayan aikin teku, hayar jiragen ruwa, da ayyukan da suka shafi makamashi. Ayyukanta a cikin bangaren sun haɗa da sha'awa a cikin sabis na tallafi na waje, kayan aikin ruwa, da ayyukan jiragen ruwa da ke da alaƙa da masana'antar makamashi. == Shirye-shiryen jama'a da shawarwari == === Manzanni 24 === Allahbura shine wanda ya kafa 24 Angels Initiative, wata kungiya mai zaman kanta da ke mai da hankali kan tallafin kasuwanci, shiga matasa, da shirye-shiryen ci gaban al'umma a Najeriya. Ta hanyar shirin, ta goyi bayan kananan kamfanoni da 'yan kasuwa. === Tashin Naija === A karkashin shirin na 24 Angels, ta kaddamar da Pull-up Naija, kamfen ɗin sadaukar da kai na jama'a wanda aka tsara don ƙarfafa matasa su shiga cikin tsarin zaben Najeriya da kuma inganta wayar da kan jama'a game da masu jefa kuri'a tsakanin matasa 'yan Najeriya. === Ƙididdigar Tsaro ta Najeriya === Har ila yau, shirin 24 Angels yana kula da Cibiyar Tsaro ta Najeriya (NSI), bayanan jama'a da dandalin jin dadin jama'a wanda ke mai da hankali kan shugabanci, tsaro, tattalin arziki, amincewar masu saka hannun jari, da alamun kwanciyar hankali a Najeriya. == Tarihin iyali == Allahbura 'yar marigayi Ilyasu Yakubu Allahbura ce, mataimakin mai kula da kwastomomi da ya yi ritaya. == Hotunan fina-finai == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Taken !Matsayi |- |2014 |''Rovieno'' | |- |2015 |''Binciken Ruwa'' | |- |2016 |''[[Gidi Blues]]'' |Nkem Nochiri |- |2017 |''3 Jama'a ce'' |Oma |- |2018 |''[[The Eve (2018fim)|Hauwa'u]]'' |Uwa |- |2018 |''Las Gidi Vice'' |Jemila |- |2019 |''[[Code Wilo]]'' | |- |2020 |''Okiripoto'' | |} == Ƙungiyoyin == * Lahbura24 Limited * Lahbura Makamashi * Cut24 Productions * Manzanni 24 == Bayanan da aka ambata == <references /> [[Rukuni:Mutane daga Jihar Legas]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 2ooq05oanmr288vttg9vihf70jufece 0 46825 878489 706411 2026-07-07T12:28:32Z Merjoor 14653 878489 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Fabrice Do Marcolino Anguilet''' (an haife shi ne a ranar 14 ga watan Maris shekara ta 1983 a [[Libreville]] ) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] [[Gabon|ne na Gabon]] wanda a halin yanzu yake taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba a ƙungiyar FC Istres a gasar Championnat National, mataki na uku na ƙwallon ƙafa ta Faransa. <ref>{{Soccerway|fabrice-do-marcolino/37579}}</ref> A lokacin rani na shekarar 2009, ya koma kulob ɗin Stade Laval bayan ya shafe shekaru uku a Angers SCO, duk da cewa kungiyoyin biyu suna hamayya. <ref>{{Soccerway|fabrice-do-marcolino/37579}}</ref> Do Marcolino ya yi wasanni da dama a tawagar kwallon kafa ta kasar Gabon. <ref>{{FIFA player|213018|Fabrice Do Marcolino}}</ref> Ɗan uwansa, [[Arsène Do Marcolino|Arsène]], kuma yana buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa da kwarewa. == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == Ya wakilci kasarsa a gasar cin kofin kasashen Afrika a shekarar 2012, inda Gabon, take a matsayin mai masaukin baki, ta kai wasan daf da na kusa da karshe.<ref>"AfricanFootball - Gabon" .</ref> <ref>"2012 Africa Cup of Nations matches" .</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{NFT player|id=7825}} * {{Soccerway|fabrice-do-marcolino/37579}} * Fabrice Do Marcolino – French league stats at Ligue 1 – also available in French [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1983]] eoh5or1tdpu7ny7vvz9cboo45u2v8f3 0 47374 878875 247195 2026-07-08T10:02:19Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878875 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox generic}} '''Manfred Höner''' (1941-ranar 6 ga watan Maris ɗin 2021) tsohon kocin [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Jamus. <ref>[https://www.dosb.de/sonderseiten/news/news-detail/news/nok-entsendet-fussball-experten-manfred-hoener-nach-costa-rica Nok entsendet fussball experten Manfred Hoener nach Costa Rrica] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230417212915/https://www.dosb.de/sonderseiten/news/news-detail/news/nok-entsendet-fussball-experten-manfred-hoener-nach-costa-rica |date=2023-04-17 }} {{In lang|de}} German Olympic Sports Confederation website, accessed: 3 December 2020</ref><ref>[https://www.dosb.de/sonderseiten/news/news-detail/news/nok-entsendet-fussball-experten-manfred-hoener-nach-thailand Nok entsendet fussball experten Manfred Hoener nach Thailand] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230417212917/https://www.dosb.de/sonderseiten/news/news-detail/news/nok-entsendet-fussball-experten-manfred-hoener-nach-thailand |date=2023-04-17 }} {{In lang|de}} German Olympic Sports Confederation website, accessed: 3 December 2020</ref> Höner ya jagoranci [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|tawagar ƴan wasan Najeriya]] daga shekarar 1987 zuwa 1988, inda ya jagoranci tawagar zuwa matsayi na biyu a gasar cin kofin Afrika a shekarar 1988, inda [[Ƙungiyar kwallon kafar Kamaru|Kamaru]] ta doke ta a wasan ƙarshe. Ya kasance babban koci lokacin da Najeriya ta fito a gasar Olympics ta lokacin zafi a 1988. Höner kuma ya jagoranci kulob ɗin Jamus Eintracht Trier a shekara ta 1991.<ref>{{WorldFootball.net|id=manfred-hoener}}</ref><ref>[https://www.dosb.de/sonderseiten/news/news-detail/news/nok-entsendet-fussball-experten-manfred-hoener-nach-thailand Nok entsendet fussball experten Manfred Hoener nach Thailand] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230417212917/https://www.dosb.de/sonderseiten/news/news-detail/news/nok-entsendet-fussball-experten-manfred-hoener-nach-thailand |date=2023-04-17 }} {{in lang|de}} German Olympic Sports Confederation website, accessed: 3 December 2020</ref> A cikin shekarar 2004, Höner ya kasance darektan fasaha na Hukumar Ƙwallon Ƙafar Qatar.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Hughes|first=Rob|last2=Tribune|first2=International Herald|date=4 June 2004|title=SOCCER : Brazil teaches Argentina the 3 'R's|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/06/04/sports/soccer-brazil-teaches-argentina-the-3-rs.html|access-date=22 March 2021|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Anderson-Ford|first=Daniel|title=Fantasy league football|url=https://www.wsc.co.uk/the-archive/921-Asia/2321-fantasy-league-football|access-date=22 March 2021|website=When Saturday Comes|language=en-GB}}</ref> == Girmamawa == '''Najeriya''' * Gasar cin kofin Afrika ta biyu: 1988 == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/5000546 Olympedia] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] t3k0jwmi3f1ntja9jdat6vq5gfvolgg 0 48210 878750 794850 2026-07-08T01:42:57Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878750 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Somewhere around CBD, Abuja FCT.jpg|thumb|wani waje a CBD Abuja]] [[Fayil:Grand Mosque Abuja (3329159414).jpg|thumb|Garin abuja]] '''Ma'aikatar Muhalli ta Tarayya''' ma'aikata ce ta [[Gwamnatin Tarayyar Najeriya|Gwamnatin Tarayya ta Najeriya]] da aka ƙirƙira a 1999, tare da umarnin magance batutuwan muhalli da kuma tabbatar da ingantaccen daidaita dukkan [[Abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli|batutuwan Muhalli]] a ƙasar.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Quadri |first=Opeyemi |date=2021-10-31 |title=List Of 7 Agencies Of Ministry Of Environment In Nigeria |url=https://infomediang.com/agencies-of-ministry-of-environment-nigeria/ |access-date=2022-09-02 |website=infomediang.com |language=en-us |archive-date=2022-09-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220902131400/https://infomediang.com/agencies-of-ministry-of-environment-nigeria/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> A matsayin wani ɓangare na hangen nesa da manufa, ma'aikatar ta shirya don tabbatar da kula da batutuwan muhalli da kariya da kiyaye albarkatun kasa. Har ila yau, yana tsara manufofi da kuma kula da ayyukan don hana hamada da lalata gandun daji, gudanar da [[Ambaliya|ambaliyar ruwa]], [[Zaizayar Kasa|rushewa]]<nowiki/>r gidaje da [[Gurɓacewa|gurɓataccen yanayi]], da kuma [[canjin yanayi]] da makamashi mai tsabta. [[Mohammed Hassan Abdullahi]] shine Ministan Muhalli na yanzu; ya ɗauki alhakin harkokin ma'aikatar a watan Afrilu, 2022, bayan Shugaba [[Muhammadu Buhari]] ya sake tura shi daga mukaminsa a matsayin Ministan Jiha na Kimiyya, Fasaha, da Bidi'a.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-04-07 |title=Buhari appoints new minister of environment |url=https://radionigeria.gov.ng/2022/04/07/buhari-appoints-new-minister-of-environment/ |access-date=2022-09-02 |website=FRCN HQ |language=en-US |archive-date=2022-09-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220902131441/https://radionigeria.gov.ng/2022/04/07/buhari-appoints-new-minister-of-environment/ |url-status=dead |archivedate=2022-09-02 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220902131441/https://radionigeria.gov.ng/2022/04/07/buhari-appoints-new-minister-of-environment/ }}</ref> Ya maye gurbin [[Sharon Ikeazor]] wanda shine mukaddashin Minista a lokacin.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-04-06 |title=Buhari appoints Mohammed Abdullahi as minister of environment |url=https://www.thecable.ng/breaking-buhari-appoints-mohammed-abdullahi-as-minister-of-environment |access-date=2022-09-02 |website=TheCable |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Minister of Environment – FEDERAL MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT |url=https://hyprep.gov.ng/dr-mohammad-mahmood-abubakar-honourable-minister-of-environment/ |access-date=2022-09-02 |language=en-US |archive-date=2022-09-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220902133546/https://hyprep.gov.ng/dr-mohammad-mahmood-abubakar-honourable-minister-of-environment/ |url-status=dead |archivedate=2022-09-02 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220902133546/https://hyprep.gov.ng/dr-mohammad-mahmood-abubakar-honourable-minister-of-environment/ }}</ref> == Ayyuka. == Ma'aikatar tana taka rawa daban-daban da suka shafi manufofin kasa kan hamada, sare daji, gurɓataccen yanayi, da kuma kula da sharar gida. Har ila yau, tana kula da sauyin yanayi da batutuwan makamashi mai tsabta kuma tana tilasta ka'idojin muhalli da ka'idoji a sassa daban-daban na kasar. Ma'aikatar tana cika nauyinta ta hanyar sassanta da hukumomi. Wasu daga cikin wadannan hukumomin sun hada da: Hukumar Kula da Tsaro ta Kasa (NBMA), Hukumar Kula da Gidajen Kasa (NPS), Hukumar Kulawa ta Kasa don Babban Green Wall, Hukumar Binciken Rashin Man Fetur da Amsa ta Kasa (NOSDRA), da Hukumar Kula da Ka'idojin Muhalli da Dokokin Kasa (NESREA).<ref>{{Cite web |title=FIRST GC MEETING WITH BARR. MOHAMMED ABDULLAHI – FEDERAL MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT |url=https://hyprep.gov.ng/first-gc-meeting-with-barr-mohammed-abdullahi/ |access-date=2022-09-02 |language=en-US |archive-date=2022-09-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220902133549/https://hyprep.gov.ng/first-gc-meeting-with-barr-mohammed-abdullahi/ |url-status=dead |archivedate=2022-09-02 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220902133549/https://hyprep.gov.ng/first-gc-meeting-with-barr-mohammed-abdullahi/ }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Federal Ministry of Environment – EUEPiN |url=https://euepin.unilag.edu.ng/federal-ministry-of-environment/ |access-date=2022-09-02 |language=en-GB |archive-date=2022-09-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220902133925/https://euepin.unilag.edu.ng/federal-ministry-of-environment/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ma'aikatar kuma tana kula da kuma samar da kudade ga cibiyoyin bincike kamar Cibiyar Nazarin dazuzzuka ta Najeriya (FRIN), da Hukumar Lafiya da Rijistar Muhalli ta Najeriya (EHORECON), da sauransu. == Taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na Jam'iyyun 27. == Ministan muhalli Mohammed Hassan Abdullahi ya nada shi ne daga babban shugabansa [[Muhammadu Buhari]] don wakiltar shi<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-11-09 |title=FG may spend big to tackle climate change – Minister |url=https://punchng.com/fg-may-spend-big-to-tackle-climate-change-minister/ |access-date=2023-04-22 |website=Punch Newspapers |language=en-US}}</ref> ta hanyar jagorantar wasu ministocin wakilai zuwa taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na Jam'iyyun 27(COP27) wanda aka yi Nuwamba 2022, a Masar<ref>{{Cite web |last=Akinyemi |first=Bioluwatife |date=2022-11-06 |title=Minister of Environment sets agenda for Nigeria as COP27 begins |url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/minister-of-environment-sets-agenda-for-nigeria-as-cop27-begins/ |access-date=2023-04-22 |website=Tribune Online |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-11-07 |title=Lead Nigeria to COP27, Buhari directs environment minister |url=https://punchng.com/lead-nigeria-to-cop27-buhari-directs-environment-minister/ |access-date=2023-04-22 |website=Punch Newspapers |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Asuquo |first=Akanimoh |date=2022-11-05 |title=Environment minister to represent Buhari at COP27 meetings |url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/environment-minister-to-represent-buhari-at-cop27-meetings/ |access-date=2023-04-22 |website=Tribune Online |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Ministocin Muhalli na baya. == * Dokta Iyorchia Ayu. * Misis [[Helen Esuene]] * Misis [[Halima Tayo Alao]] * Mista [[John Odey]] * Misis [[Amina J. Mohammed|Amina Mohammed]] * Mista Ibrahim Jibril. * Mohammad Mahmood Abubakar == Ayyukan Ma'aikatar. == Ɗaya daga cikin manyan nasarorin Ma'aikatar Muhalli ta Tarayya shine ƙaddamar da shirin tsaftace [[Mutanen Ogoni|Ogoniland]] na gwamnatin Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tukur |first=Sani |date=2018-11-14 |title=Nigerian govt finally ready to start Ogoni clean up - Minister |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/295713-nigerian-govt-finally-ready-to-start-ogoni-clean-up-minister.html |access-date=2022-09-02 |website=Premium Times Nigeria |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Jeremiah |first=Urowayino |date=2022-01-31 |title=Ogoni cleanup project 'll continue after Buhari's govt,says FG |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2022/01/ogoni-cleanup-project-ll-continue-after-buharis-govtsays-fg/ |access-date=2022-09-02 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-GB}}</ref> Ogoniland na ɗaya daga cikin al'ummomin da ke cikin yankin Niger Delta mai arzikin mai wanda ayyukan bincike na kamfanonin samar da mai suka lalata. Sauran nasarorin ma'aikatar da kamfanonin ta sun hada da shirye-shiryen tsaftacewa da kore a cikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jihohin Najeriya]], Babban Shirin Green Wall, da kuma Shirin Gudanar da Ruwa da Ruwa na Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-06-17 |title=Nigeria to donate $550k for Great Green Wall secretariat |url=https://www.thecable.ng/nigeria-to-donate-550k-for-great-green-wall-secretariat |access-date=2022-09-02 |website=TheCable |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=National Agency For Great Green Wall (NAGGW) |url=https://www.nigeriagalleria.com/directory/listing/national-agency-for-great-green-wall/ |access-date=2022-09-02 |website=Directory & MarketPlace |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Lagos Lists Programmes for Green, Clean, Aesthetic Environment – THISDAYLIVE |url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2020/06/30/lagos-lists-programmes-for-green-clean-aesthetic-environment/ |access-date=2022-09-02 |website=www.thisdaylive.com}}</ref> == Dubi kuma. == * [[Tsarin Zaizayar Najeriya da Gudanar Ruwa|Shirin Gudanar da Rugujewar Ruwa da Ruwa na Najeriya]] == Bayani. == {{reflist|2}} [[Category:Muhalli na nigeria]] [[Category:Muhalli]] a8xgc2chgxtc45zhayou6gaim38269x 0 54071 878546 878083 2026-07-07T14:50:55Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358073957|Meji Alabi]]" 878546 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Meji Alabi''' ( listen ⓘ ; an haife shi a ranar 13 ga Disamba 1988) fitaccen mai shirya fina-finai ne [['Yan Najeriya na Burtaniya|na Najeriya-Birtaniya]], darakta, mai daukar hoto kuma furodusa. Darakta ne kuma ya yi aiki tare da [[Beyoncé|Beyonce]], <ref name=":142">{{Cite web |title=A N T I on Instagram: "Black Is King, a film by @beyonce.⁣ Super pumped to have played our part on the Nigerian chapter of this film 🧡 alongside amazing…" |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CCCPpchjO_r/ |url-access=registration |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/instagram/anti.design/2342503575009947627 |archive-date=2021-12-26 |access-date=2020-07-11 |website=[[Instagram]] |language=en}}</ref> [[Burna Boy]], <ref>{{Cite web |last=Hahn |first=Rachel |date=21 August 2019 |title=Burna Boy Proves He's Nigeria's Most Stylish Musician in His New Video |url=https://www.vogue.com/article/burna-boy-pull-up-nigeria-new-music-video-african-giant |access-date=13 May 2021 |website=[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]}}</ref> [[Wizkid]], [ <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 February 2019 |title=Meji Alabi: Tales of an "Experience Junkie" |url=https://www.lbbonline.com/news/meji-alabi-tales-of-an-experience-junkie |access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2021 |title=Runtown and director Meji Alabi go virtual this weekend |url=https://www.voice-online.co.uk/entertainment/2021/04/23/runtown-and-director-meji-alabi-go-virtual-this-weekend/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=voice-online}}</ref> [[Davido]], [[Tiwa Savage]], Popcaan, Goldlink, Koffee da Nasty C. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 May 2019 |title=WATCH THE MEJI ALABI DIRECTED VIDEO FOR GOLDLINK AND MALEEK BERRY'S 'ZULU SCREAMS' |url=https://culturecustodian.com/watch-the-meji-alabi-video-for-goldlink-and-maleek-berrys-zulu-screams/ |access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref> Ya shirya fim ɗinsa na farko a shekarar 2024, ''Water and Garri'', wanda Tiwa Savage ta fito a ciki. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Nelson |first=C.J. |title=In Tiwa Savage’s ‘Water and Garri,’ Meji Alabi Finds a Fresh Directorial Perspective - Okayplayer |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-water-and-garri/ |access-date=2024-12-04 |website=www.okayafrica.com |language=en}}</ref> [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] t2cmkvxd55p9swgfhbx3ebbvx2356b8 878547 878546 2026-07-07T14:51:10Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358073957|Meji Alabi]]" 878547 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Meji Alabi''' ( listen ⓘ ; an haife shi a ranar 13 ga Disamba 1988) fitaccen mai shirya fina-finai ne [['Yan Najeriya na Burtaniya|na Najeriya-Birtaniya]], darakta, mai daukar hoto kuma furodusa. Darakta ne kuma ya yi aiki tare da [[Beyoncé|Beyonce]], <ref name=":142">{{Cite web |title=A N T I on Instagram: "Black Is King, a film by @beyonce.⁣ Super pumped to have played our part on the Nigerian chapter of this film 🧡 alongside amazing…" |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CCCPpchjO_r/ |url-access=registration |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/instagram/anti.design/2342503575009947627 |archive-date=2021-12-26 |access-date=2020-07-11 |website=[[Instagram]] |language=en}}</ref> [[Burna Boy]], <ref>{{Cite web |last=Hahn |first=Rachel |date=21 August 2019 |title=Burna Boy Proves He's Nigeria's Most Stylish Musician in His New Video |url=https://www.vogue.com/article/burna-boy-pull-up-nigeria-new-music-video-african-giant |access-date=13 May 2021 |website=[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]}}</ref> [[Wizkid]], [ <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 February 2019 |title=Meji Alabi: Tales of an "Experience Junkie" |url=https://www.lbbonline.com/news/meji-alabi-tales-of-an-experience-junkie |access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2021 |title=Runtown and director Meji Alabi go virtual this weekend |url=https://www.voice-online.co.uk/entertainment/2021/04/23/runtown-and-director-meji-alabi-go-virtual-this-weekend/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=voice-online}}</ref> [[Davido]], [[Tiwa Savage]], Popcaan, Goldlink, Koffee da Nasty C. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 May 2019 |title=WATCH THE MEJI ALABI DIRECTED VIDEO FOR GOLDLINK AND MALEEK BERRY'S 'ZULU SCREAMS' |url=https://culturecustodian.com/watch-the-meji-alabi-video-for-goldlink-and-maleek-berrys-zulu-screams/ |access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref> Ya shirya fim ɗinsa na farko a shekarar 2024, ''Water and Garri'', wanda Tiwa Savage ta fito a ciki. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Nelson |first=C.J. |title=In Tiwa Savage’s ‘Water and Garri,’ Meji Alabi Finds a Fresh Directorial Perspective - Okayplayer |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-water-and-garri/ |access-date=2024-12-04 |website=www.okayafrica.com |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] s2c5vsokjspmcaia2rm0n9m3o09n8dl 878548 878547 2026-07-07T14:51:41Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358073957|Meji Alabi]]" 878548 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Meji Alabi''' ( listen ⓘ ; an haife shi a ranar 13 ga Disamba 1988) fitaccen mai shirya fina-finai ne [['Yan Najeriya na Burtaniya|na Najeriya-Birtaniya]], darakta, mai daukar hoto kuma furodusa. Darakta ne kuma ya yi aiki tare da [[Beyoncé|Beyonce]], <ref name=":142">{{Cite web |title=A N T I on Instagram: "Black Is King, a film by @beyonce.⁣ Super pumped to have played our part on the Nigerian chapter of this film 🧡 alongside amazing…" |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CCCPpchjO_r/ |url-access=registration |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/instagram/anti.design/2342503575009947627 |archive-date=2021-12-26 |access-date=2020-07-11 |website=[[Instagram]] |language=en}}</ref> [[Burna Boy]], <ref>{{Cite web |last=Hahn |first=Rachel |date=21 August 2019 |title=Burna Boy Proves He's Nigeria's Most Stylish Musician in His New Video |url=https://www.vogue.com/article/burna-boy-pull-up-nigeria-new-music-video-african-giant |access-date=13 May 2021 |website=[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]}}</ref> [[Wizkid]], [ <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 February 2019 |title=Meji Alabi: Tales of an "Experience Junkie" |url=https://www.lbbonline.com/news/meji-alabi-tales-of-an-experience-junkie |access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2021 |title=Runtown and director Meji Alabi go virtual this weekend |url=https://www.voice-online.co.uk/entertainment/2021/04/23/runtown-and-director-meji-alabi-go-virtual-this-weekend/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=voice-online}}</ref> [[Davido]], [[Tiwa Savage]], Popcaan, Goldlink, Koffee da Nasty C. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 May 2019 |title=WATCH THE MEJI ALABI DIRECTED VIDEO FOR GOLDLINK AND MALEEK BERRY'S 'ZULU SCREAMS' |url=https://culturecustodian.com/watch-the-meji-alabi-video-for-goldlink-and-maleek-berrys-zulu-screams/ |access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref> Ya shirya fim ɗinsa na farko a shekarar 2024, ''Water and Garri'', wanda Tiwa Savage ta fito a ciki. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Nelson |first=C.J. |title=In Tiwa Savage’s ‘Water and Garri,’ Meji Alabi Finds a Fresh Directorial Perspective - Okayplayer |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-water-and-garri/ |access-date=2024-12-04 |website=www.okayafrica.com |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Meji a ranar 13 ga Disamba, 1988, a Landan, kuma ya shafe tsawon lokacin ƙuruciyarsa yana ƙaura tare da mahaifinsa bayan rabuwar iyayensa a 1989. Ya yi yawo tsakanin London, [[Bahamas]], da Texas, Amurka. Ya halarci Makarantar Tsakiya ta Spring Forest da Makarantar Sakandare ta Stratford duka a [[Houston|Houston, Texas]] . Meji Alabi ya kammala karatunsa daga Jami'ar Yammacin London da digiri na farko a fannin Lissafi da Kuɗi, kuma yana da digirin Lasisi na Aikin Jinya daga Kwalejin St. Phillips da ke [[San Antonio|San Antonio, Texas]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kpade |first=Sabo |date=16 February 2021 |title=Interview: Meji Alabi Is Bringing Nigerian Culture to the World, One Music Video at a Time |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-nigeria-music-video/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=okayafrica}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Steven |first=Rachael |date=24 July 2020 |title=WHAT WOULD I CHANGE: DIRECTOR MEJI ALABI |url=https://www.creativereview.co.uk/what-would-i-change-director-meji-alabi/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=CreativeReview}}</ref> [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] t30rpd7jpvnpf37xfozgc42j4tddvgp 878549 878548 2026-07-07T14:51:56Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358073957|Meji Alabi]]" 878549 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Meji Alabi''' ( listen ⓘ ; an haife shi a ranar 13 ga Disamba 1988) fitaccen mai shirya fina-finai ne [['Yan Najeriya na Burtaniya|na Najeriya-Birtaniya]], darakta, mai daukar hoto kuma furodusa. Darakta ne kuma ya yi aiki tare da [[Beyoncé|Beyonce]], <ref name=":142">{{Cite web |title=A N T I on Instagram: "Black Is King, a film by @beyonce.⁣ Super pumped to have played our part on the Nigerian chapter of this film 🧡 alongside amazing…" |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CCCPpchjO_r/ |url-access=registration |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/instagram/anti.design/2342503575009947627 |archive-date=2021-12-26 |access-date=2020-07-11 |website=[[Instagram]] |language=en}}</ref> [[Burna Boy]], <ref>{{Cite web |last=Hahn |first=Rachel |date=21 August 2019 |title=Burna Boy Proves He's Nigeria's Most Stylish Musician in His New Video |url=https://www.vogue.com/article/burna-boy-pull-up-nigeria-new-music-video-african-giant |access-date=13 May 2021 |website=[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]}}</ref> [[Wizkid]], [ <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 February 2019 |title=Meji Alabi: Tales of an "Experience Junkie" |url=https://www.lbbonline.com/news/meji-alabi-tales-of-an-experience-junkie |access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2021 |title=Runtown and director Meji Alabi go virtual this weekend |url=https://www.voice-online.co.uk/entertainment/2021/04/23/runtown-and-director-meji-alabi-go-virtual-this-weekend/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=voice-online}}</ref> [[Davido]], [[Tiwa Savage]], Popcaan, Goldlink, Koffee da Nasty C. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 May 2019 |title=WATCH THE MEJI ALABI DIRECTED VIDEO FOR GOLDLINK AND MALEEK BERRY'S 'ZULU SCREAMS' |url=https://culturecustodian.com/watch-the-meji-alabi-video-for-goldlink-and-maleek-berrys-zulu-screams/ |access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref> Ya shirya fim ɗinsa na farko a shekarar 2024, ''Water and Garri'', wanda Tiwa Savage ta fito a ciki. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Nelson |first=C.J. |title=In Tiwa Savage’s ‘Water and Garri,’ Meji Alabi Finds a Fresh Directorial Perspective - Okayplayer |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-water-and-garri/ |access-date=2024-12-04 |website=www.okayafrica.com |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Meji a ranar 13 ga Disamba, 1988, a Landan, kuma ya shafe tsawon lokacin ƙuruciyarsa yana ƙaura tare da mahaifinsa bayan rabuwar iyayensa a 1989. Ya yi yawo tsakanin London, [[Bahamas]], da Texas, Amurka. Ya halarci Makarantar Tsakiya ta Spring Forest da Makarantar Sakandare ta Stratford duka a [[Houston|Houston, Texas]] . Meji Alabi ya kammala karatunsa daga Jami'ar Yammacin London da digiri na farko a fannin Lissafi da Kuɗi, kuma yana da digirin Lasisi na Aikin Jinya daga Kwalejin St. Phillips da ke [[San Antonio|San Antonio, Texas]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kpade |first=Sabo |date=16 February 2021 |title=Interview: Meji Alabi Is Bringing Nigerian Culture to the World, One Music Video at a Time |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-nigeria-music-video/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=okayafrica}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Steven |first=Rachael |date=24 July 2020 |title=WHAT WOULD I CHANGE: DIRECTOR MEJI ALABI |url=https://www.creativereview.co.uk/what-would-i-change-director-meji-alabi/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=CreativeReview}}</ref> == Sana'a == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] jm1ret7urrnsq7b3pgkm4w6qsucfmdx 878550 878549 2026-07-07T14:52:26Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358073957|Meji Alabi]]" 878550 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Meji Alabi''' ( listen ⓘ ; an haife shi a ranar 13 ga Disamba 1988) fitaccen mai shirya fina-finai ne [['Yan Najeriya na Burtaniya|na Najeriya-Birtaniya]], darakta, mai daukar hoto kuma furodusa. Darakta ne kuma ya yi aiki tare da [[Beyoncé|Beyonce]], <ref name=":142">{{Cite web |title=A N T I on Instagram: "Black Is King, a film by @beyonce.⁣ Super pumped to have played our part on the Nigerian chapter of this film 🧡 alongside amazing…" |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CCCPpchjO_r/ |url-access=registration |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/instagram/anti.design/2342503575009947627 |archive-date=2021-12-26 |access-date=2020-07-11 |website=[[Instagram]] |language=en}}</ref> [[Burna Boy]], <ref>{{Cite web |last=Hahn |first=Rachel |date=21 August 2019 |title=Burna Boy Proves He's Nigeria's Most Stylish Musician in His New Video |url=https://www.vogue.com/article/burna-boy-pull-up-nigeria-new-music-video-african-giant |access-date=13 May 2021 |website=[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]}}</ref> [[Wizkid]], [ <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 February 2019 |title=Meji Alabi: Tales of an "Experience Junkie" |url=https://www.lbbonline.com/news/meji-alabi-tales-of-an-experience-junkie |access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2021 |title=Runtown and director Meji Alabi go virtual this weekend |url=https://www.voice-online.co.uk/entertainment/2021/04/23/runtown-and-director-meji-alabi-go-virtual-this-weekend/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=voice-online}}</ref> [[Davido]], [[Tiwa Savage]], Popcaan, Goldlink, Koffee da Nasty C. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 May 2019 |title=WATCH THE MEJI ALABI DIRECTED VIDEO FOR GOLDLINK AND MALEEK BERRY'S 'ZULU SCREAMS' |url=https://culturecustodian.com/watch-the-meji-alabi-video-for-goldlink-and-maleek-berrys-zulu-screams/ |access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref> Ya shirya fim ɗinsa na farko a shekarar 2024, ''Water and Garri'', wanda Tiwa Savage ta fito a ciki. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Nelson |first=C.J. |title=In Tiwa Savage’s ‘Water and Garri,’ Meji Alabi Finds a Fresh Directorial Perspective - Okayplayer |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-water-and-garri/ |access-date=2024-12-04 |website=www.okayafrica.com |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Meji a ranar 13 ga Disamba, 1988, a Landan, kuma ya shafe tsawon lokacin ƙuruciyarsa yana ƙaura tare da mahaifinsa bayan rabuwar iyayensa a 1989. Ya yi yawo tsakanin London, [[Bahamas]], da Texas, Amurka. Ya halarci Makarantar Tsakiya ta Spring Forest da Makarantar Sakandare ta Stratford duka a [[Houston|Houston, Texas]] . Meji Alabi ya kammala karatunsa daga Jami'ar Yammacin London da digiri na farko a fannin Lissafi da Kuɗi, kuma yana da digirin Lasisi na Aikin Jinya daga Kwalejin St. Phillips da ke [[San Antonio|San Antonio, Texas]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kpade |first=Sabo |date=16 February 2021 |title=Interview: Meji Alabi Is Bringing Nigerian Culture to the World, One Music Video at a Time |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-nigeria-music-video/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=okayafrica}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Steven |first=Rachael |date=24 July 2020 |title=WHAT WOULD I CHANGE: DIRECTOR MEJI ALABI |url=https://www.creativereview.co.uk/what-would-i-change-director-meji-alabi/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=CreativeReview}}</ref> == Sana'a == A shekarar 2014, Alabi ya kafa JM Films tare da Jimi Adesanya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 February 2021 |title=Director Meji Alabi, Black Dog Films Draw The Line Against Malaria |url=https://www.shootonline.com/video/director-meji-alabi-black-dog-films-draw-line-against-malaria |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=shootonline}}</ref> JM Films (wani reshe na Unbound Studios) kamfani ne na ayyukan watsa labarai da shirye-shirye wanda ya ƙware a fannin zane-zane masu ƙirƙira, bidiyon kiɗa, tallace-tallace, fina-finai da talabijin kuma yana zaune a Legas, Najeriya. Shi ne kuma wanda ya kafa Priorgold Pictures wanda wani kamfani ne na shirya fina-finai da ke Legas, Najeriya wanda aka ƙirƙira don biyan buƙatun masana'antar nishaɗi ta hanyar samar da kayan aiki da ma'aikata don aiwatar da abubuwan gani masu ƙirƙira. [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] 9ao52i00w3fhvrfefm0k323qwi9au7g 878551 878550 2026-07-07T14:53:00Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358073957|Meji Alabi]]" 878551 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Meji Alabi''' ( listen ⓘ ; an haife shi a ranar 13 ga Disamba 1988) fitaccen mai shirya fina-finai ne [['Yan Najeriya na Burtaniya|na Najeriya-Birtaniya]], darakta, mai daukar hoto kuma furodusa. Darakta ne kuma ya yi aiki tare da [[Beyoncé|Beyonce]], <ref name=":142">{{Cite web |title=A N T I on Instagram: "Black Is King, a film by @beyonce.⁣ Super pumped to have played our part on the Nigerian chapter of this film 🧡 alongside amazing…" |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CCCPpchjO_r/ |url-access=registration |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/instagram/anti.design/2342503575009947627 |archive-date=2021-12-26 |access-date=2020-07-11 |website=[[Instagram]] |language=en}}</ref> [[Burna Boy]], <ref>{{Cite web |last=Hahn |first=Rachel |date=21 August 2019 |title=Burna Boy Proves He's Nigeria's Most Stylish Musician in His New Video |url=https://www.vogue.com/article/burna-boy-pull-up-nigeria-new-music-video-african-giant |access-date=13 May 2021 |website=[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]}}</ref> [[Wizkid]], [ <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 February 2019 |title=Meji Alabi: Tales of an "Experience Junkie" |url=https://www.lbbonline.com/news/meji-alabi-tales-of-an-experience-junkie |access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2021 |title=Runtown and director Meji Alabi go virtual this weekend |url=https://www.voice-online.co.uk/entertainment/2021/04/23/runtown-and-director-meji-alabi-go-virtual-this-weekend/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=voice-online}}</ref> [[Davido]], [[Tiwa Savage]], Popcaan, Goldlink, Koffee da Nasty C. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 May 2019 |title=WATCH THE MEJI ALABI DIRECTED VIDEO FOR GOLDLINK AND MALEEK BERRY'S 'ZULU SCREAMS' |url=https://culturecustodian.com/watch-the-meji-alabi-video-for-goldlink-and-maleek-berrys-zulu-screams/ |access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref> Ya shirya fim ɗinsa na farko a shekarar 2024, ''Water and Garri'', wanda Tiwa Savage ta fito a ciki. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Nelson |first=C.J. |title=In Tiwa Savage’s ‘Water and Garri,’ Meji Alabi Finds a Fresh Directorial Perspective - Okayplayer |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-water-and-garri/ |access-date=2024-12-04 |website=www.okayafrica.com |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Meji a ranar 13 ga Disamba, 1988, a Landan, kuma ya shafe tsawon lokacin ƙuruciyarsa yana ƙaura tare da mahaifinsa bayan rabuwar iyayensa a 1989. Ya yi yawo tsakanin London, [[Bahamas]], da Texas, Amurka. Ya halarci Makarantar Tsakiya ta Spring Forest da Makarantar Sakandare ta Stratford duka a [[Houston|Houston, Texas]] . Meji Alabi ya kammala karatunsa daga Jami'ar Yammacin London da digiri na farko a fannin Lissafi da Kuɗi, kuma yana da digirin Lasisi na Aikin Jinya daga Kwalejin St. Phillips da ke [[San Antonio|San Antonio, Texas]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kpade |first=Sabo |date=16 February 2021 |title=Interview: Meji Alabi Is Bringing Nigerian Culture to the World, One Music Video at a Time |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-nigeria-music-video/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=okayafrica}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Steven |first=Rachael |date=24 July 2020 |title=WHAT WOULD I CHANGE: DIRECTOR MEJI ALABI |url=https://www.creativereview.co.uk/what-would-i-change-director-meji-alabi/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=CreativeReview}}</ref> == Sana'a == A shekarar 2014, Alabi ya kafa JM Films tare da Jimi Adesanya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 February 2021 |title=Director Meji Alabi, Black Dog Films Draw The Line Against Malaria |url=https://www.shootonline.com/video/director-meji-alabi-black-dog-films-draw-line-against-malaria |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=shootonline}}</ref> JM Films (wani reshe na Unbound Studios) kamfani ne na ayyukan watsa labarai da shirye-shirye wanda ya ƙware a fannin zane-zane masu ƙirƙira, bidiyon kiɗa, tallace-tallace, fina-finai da talabijin kuma yana zaune a Legas, Najeriya. Shi ne kuma wanda ya kafa Priorgold Pictures wanda wani kamfani ne na shirya fina-finai da ke Legas, Najeriya wanda aka ƙirƙira don biyan buƙatun masana'antar nishaɗi ta hanyar samar da kayan aiki da ma'aikata don aiwatar da abubuwan gani masu ƙirƙira. A shekarar 2014, ya jagoranci bidiyon waƙar 'Murda' wanda [[Seyi Shay]] ya rera tare da Patoranking, Shaydee . Nasarar wannan bidiyon ta jawo masa hankali sosai a masana'antar kiɗan Najeriya kuma an zaɓe shi a wannan shekarar a bikin bayar da kyaututtukan MTV Africa Music Awards don Mafi Kyawun Bidiyo. Haka kuma a shekarar 2014, ya jagoranci bidiyon waƙar 'Crazy' wanda [[Seyi Shay]] ya rera tare da [[Wizkid]] kuma an zaɓe shi a shekarar 2015 don Mafi Kyawun Bidiyon Waƙa na Shekara (Mai Zane da Darakta) a [[Nigeria Entertainment Awards|bikin bayar da kyaututtukan nishaɗi na Najeriya]] da kuma mafi kyawun bidiyon kiɗa a The Headies 2015 . [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] 60jb1pljxdo9vg7oyieo5kc7moz7t01 878552 878551 2026-07-07T14:53:16Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358073957|Meji Alabi]]" 878552 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Meji Alabi''' ( listen ⓘ ; an haife shi a ranar 13 ga Disamba 1988) fitaccen mai shirya fina-finai ne [['Yan Najeriya na Burtaniya|na Najeriya-Birtaniya]], darakta, mai daukar hoto kuma furodusa. Darakta ne kuma ya yi aiki tare da [[Beyoncé|Beyonce]], <ref name=":142">{{Cite web |title=A N T I on Instagram: "Black Is King, a film by @beyonce.⁣ Super pumped to have played our part on the Nigerian chapter of this film 🧡 alongside amazing…" |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CCCPpchjO_r/ |url-access=registration |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/instagram/anti.design/2342503575009947627 |archive-date=2021-12-26 |access-date=2020-07-11 |website=[[Instagram]] |language=en}}</ref> [[Burna Boy]], <ref>{{Cite web |last=Hahn |first=Rachel |date=21 August 2019 |title=Burna Boy Proves He's Nigeria's Most Stylish Musician in His New Video |url=https://www.vogue.com/article/burna-boy-pull-up-nigeria-new-music-video-african-giant |access-date=13 May 2021 |website=[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]}}</ref> [[Wizkid]], [ <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 February 2019 |title=Meji Alabi: Tales of an "Experience Junkie" |url=https://www.lbbonline.com/news/meji-alabi-tales-of-an-experience-junkie |access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2021 |title=Runtown and director Meji Alabi go virtual this weekend |url=https://www.voice-online.co.uk/entertainment/2021/04/23/runtown-and-director-meji-alabi-go-virtual-this-weekend/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=voice-online}}</ref> [[Davido]], [[Tiwa Savage]], Popcaan, Goldlink, Koffee da Nasty C. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 May 2019 |title=WATCH THE MEJI ALABI DIRECTED VIDEO FOR GOLDLINK AND MALEEK BERRY'S 'ZULU SCREAMS' |url=https://culturecustodian.com/watch-the-meji-alabi-video-for-goldlink-and-maleek-berrys-zulu-screams/ |access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref> Ya shirya fim ɗinsa na farko a shekarar 2024, ''Water and Garri'', wanda Tiwa Savage ta fito a ciki. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Nelson |first=C.J. |title=In Tiwa Savage’s ‘Water and Garri,’ Meji Alabi Finds a Fresh Directorial Perspective - Okayplayer |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-water-and-garri/ |access-date=2024-12-04 |website=www.okayafrica.com |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Meji a ranar 13 ga Disamba, 1988, a Landan, kuma ya shafe tsawon lokacin ƙuruciyarsa yana ƙaura tare da mahaifinsa bayan rabuwar iyayensa a 1989. Ya yi yawo tsakanin London, [[Bahamas]], da Texas, Amurka. Ya halarci Makarantar Tsakiya ta Spring Forest da Makarantar Sakandare ta Stratford duka a [[Houston|Houston, Texas]] . Meji Alabi ya kammala karatunsa daga Jami'ar Yammacin London da digiri na farko a fannin Lissafi da Kuɗi, kuma yana da digirin Lasisi na Aikin Jinya daga Kwalejin St. Phillips da ke [[San Antonio|San Antonio, Texas]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kpade |first=Sabo |date=16 February 2021 |title=Interview: Meji Alabi Is Bringing Nigerian Culture to the World, One Music Video at a Time |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-nigeria-music-video/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=okayafrica}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Steven |first=Rachael |date=24 July 2020 |title=WHAT WOULD I CHANGE: DIRECTOR MEJI ALABI |url=https://www.creativereview.co.uk/what-would-i-change-director-meji-alabi/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=CreativeReview}}</ref> == Sana'a == A shekarar 2014, Alabi ya kafa JM Films tare da Jimi Adesanya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 February 2021 |title=Director Meji Alabi, Black Dog Films Draw The Line Against Malaria |url=https://www.shootonline.com/video/director-meji-alabi-black-dog-films-draw-line-against-malaria |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=shootonline}}</ref> JM Films (wani reshe na Unbound Studios) kamfani ne na ayyukan watsa labarai da shirye-shirye wanda ya ƙware a fannin zane-zane masu ƙirƙira, bidiyon kiɗa, tallace-tallace, fina-finai da talabijin kuma yana zaune a Legas, Najeriya. Shi ne kuma wanda ya kafa Priorgold Pictures wanda wani kamfani ne na shirya fina-finai da ke Legas, Najeriya wanda aka ƙirƙira don biyan buƙatun masana'antar nishaɗi ta hanyar samar da kayan aiki da ma'aikata don aiwatar da abubuwan gani masu ƙirƙira. A shekarar 2014, ya jagoranci bidiyon waƙar 'Murda' wanda [[Seyi Shay]] ya rera tare da Patoranking, Shaydee . Nasarar wannan bidiyon ta jawo masa hankali sosai a masana'antar kiɗan Najeriya kuma an zaɓe shi a wannan shekarar a bikin bayar da kyaututtukan MTV Africa Music Awards don Mafi Kyawun Bidiyo. Haka kuma a shekarar 2014, ya jagoranci bidiyon waƙar 'Crazy' wanda [[Seyi Shay]] ya rera tare da [[Wizkid]] kuma an zaɓe shi a shekarar 2015 don Mafi Kyawun Bidiyon Waƙa na Shekara (Mai Zane da Darakta) a [[Nigeria Entertainment Awards|bikin bayar da kyaututtukan nishaɗi na Najeriya]] da kuma mafi kyawun bidiyon kiɗa a The Headies 2015 . A shekarar 2018, Alabi ya jagoranci bidiyon waƙar [[Davido]] mai suna 'Assurance' a cikin fim ɗin 'A Good Time'. [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] 483ar8smp1o8ws8l7ghg75lnkgd5ina 878553 878552 2026-07-07T14:53:31Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358073957|Meji Alabi]]" 878553 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Meji Alabi''' ( listen ⓘ ; an haife shi a ranar 13 ga Disamba 1988) fitaccen mai shirya fina-finai ne [['Yan Najeriya na Burtaniya|na Najeriya-Birtaniya]], darakta, mai daukar hoto kuma furodusa. Darakta ne kuma ya yi aiki tare da [[Beyoncé|Beyonce]], <ref name=":142">{{Cite web |title=A N T I on Instagram: "Black Is King, a film by @beyonce.⁣ Super pumped to have played our part on the Nigerian chapter of this film 🧡 alongside amazing…" |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CCCPpchjO_r/ |url-access=registration |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/instagram/anti.design/2342503575009947627 |archive-date=2021-12-26 |access-date=2020-07-11 |website=[[Instagram]] |language=en}}</ref> [[Burna Boy]], <ref>{{Cite web |last=Hahn |first=Rachel |date=21 August 2019 |title=Burna Boy Proves He's Nigeria's Most Stylish Musician in His New Video |url=https://www.vogue.com/article/burna-boy-pull-up-nigeria-new-music-video-african-giant |access-date=13 May 2021 |website=[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]}}</ref> [[Wizkid]], [ <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 February 2019 |title=Meji Alabi: Tales of an "Experience Junkie" |url=https://www.lbbonline.com/news/meji-alabi-tales-of-an-experience-junkie |access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2021 |title=Runtown and director Meji Alabi go virtual this weekend |url=https://www.voice-online.co.uk/entertainment/2021/04/23/runtown-and-director-meji-alabi-go-virtual-this-weekend/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=voice-online}}</ref> [[Davido]], [[Tiwa Savage]], Popcaan, Goldlink, Koffee da Nasty C. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 May 2019 |title=WATCH THE MEJI ALABI DIRECTED VIDEO FOR GOLDLINK AND MALEEK BERRY'S 'ZULU SCREAMS' |url=https://culturecustodian.com/watch-the-meji-alabi-video-for-goldlink-and-maleek-berrys-zulu-screams/ |access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref> Ya shirya fim ɗinsa na farko a shekarar 2024, ''Water and Garri'', wanda Tiwa Savage ta fito a ciki. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Nelson |first=C.J. |title=In Tiwa Savage’s ‘Water and Garri,’ Meji Alabi Finds a Fresh Directorial Perspective - Okayplayer |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-water-and-garri/ |access-date=2024-12-04 |website=www.okayafrica.com |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Meji a ranar 13 ga Disamba, 1988, a Landan, kuma ya shafe tsawon lokacin ƙuruciyarsa yana ƙaura tare da mahaifinsa bayan rabuwar iyayensa a 1989. Ya yi yawo tsakanin London, [[Bahamas]], da Texas, Amurka. Ya halarci Makarantar Tsakiya ta Spring Forest da Makarantar Sakandare ta Stratford duka a [[Houston|Houston, Texas]] . Meji Alabi ya kammala karatunsa daga Jami'ar Yammacin London da digiri na farko a fannin Lissafi da Kuɗi, kuma yana da digirin Lasisi na Aikin Jinya daga Kwalejin St. Phillips da ke [[San Antonio|San Antonio, Texas]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kpade |first=Sabo |date=16 February 2021 |title=Interview: Meji Alabi Is Bringing Nigerian Culture to the World, One Music Video at a Time |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-nigeria-music-video/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=okayafrica}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Steven |first=Rachael |date=24 July 2020 |title=WHAT WOULD I CHANGE: DIRECTOR MEJI ALABI |url=https://www.creativereview.co.uk/what-would-i-change-director-meji-alabi/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=CreativeReview}}</ref> == Sana'a == A shekarar 2014, Alabi ya kafa JM Films tare da Jimi Adesanya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 February 2021 |title=Director Meji Alabi, Black Dog Films Draw The Line Against Malaria |url=https://www.shootonline.com/video/director-meji-alabi-black-dog-films-draw-line-against-malaria |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=shootonline}}</ref> JM Films (wani reshe na Unbound Studios) kamfani ne na ayyukan watsa labarai da shirye-shirye wanda ya ƙware a fannin zane-zane masu ƙirƙira, bidiyon kiɗa, tallace-tallace, fina-finai da talabijin kuma yana zaune a Legas, Najeriya. Shi ne kuma wanda ya kafa Priorgold Pictures wanda wani kamfani ne na shirya fina-finai da ke Legas, Najeriya wanda aka ƙirƙira don biyan buƙatun masana'antar nishaɗi ta hanyar samar da kayan aiki da ma'aikata don aiwatar da abubuwan gani masu ƙirƙira. A shekarar 2014, ya jagoranci bidiyon waƙar 'Murda' wanda [[Seyi Shay]] ya rera tare da Patoranking, Shaydee . Nasarar wannan bidiyon ta jawo masa hankali sosai a masana'antar kiɗan Najeriya kuma an zaɓe shi a wannan shekarar a bikin bayar da kyaututtukan MTV Africa Music Awards don Mafi Kyawun Bidiyo. Haka kuma a shekarar 2014, ya jagoranci bidiyon waƙar 'Crazy' wanda [[Seyi Shay]] ya rera tare da [[Wizkid]] kuma an zaɓe shi a shekarar 2015 don Mafi Kyawun Bidiyon Waƙa na Shekara (Mai Zane da Darakta) a [[Nigeria Entertainment Awards|bikin bayar da kyaututtukan nishaɗi na Najeriya]] da kuma mafi kyawun bidiyon kiɗa a The Headies 2015 . A shekarar 2016, ya jagoranci bidiyon 'Kontrol' na Maleek Berry wanda ya nuna sabon salon da yake bi wajen jagorantar bidiyon wakoki ga fitattun mawakan Najeriya. A wannan shekarar, ya jagoranci 'Aje' wanda Alikiba ya rera, wanda ya lashe kyautar Mafi Kyawun Bidiyon Waƙa a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na Soundcity MVP a shekarar 2017. A shekarar 2018, Alabi ya jagoranci bidiyon waƙar [[Davido]] mai suna 'Assurance' a cikin fim ɗin 'A Good Time'. [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] 2e788oz8f3018hfiwci02tsly847ywj 878554 878553 2026-07-07T14:54:06Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358073957|Meji Alabi]]" 878554 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Meji Alabi''' ( listen ⓘ ; an haife shi a ranar 13 ga Disamba 1988) fitaccen mai shirya fina-finai ne [['Yan Najeriya na Burtaniya|na Najeriya-Birtaniya]], darakta, mai daukar hoto kuma furodusa. Darakta ne kuma ya yi aiki tare da [[Beyoncé|Beyonce]], <ref name=":142">{{Cite web |title=A N T I on Instagram: "Black Is King, a film by @beyonce.⁣ Super pumped to have played our part on the Nigerian chapter of this film 🧡 alongside amazing…" |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CCCPpchjO_r/ |url-access=registration |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/instagram/anti.design/2342503575009947627 |archive-date=2021-12-26 |access-date=2020-07-11 |website=[[Instagram]] |language=en}}</ref> [[Burna Boy]], <ref>{{Cite web |last=Hahn |first=Rachel |date=21 August 2019 |title=Burna Boy Proves He's Nigeria's Most Stylish Musician in His New Video |url=https://www.vogue.com/article/burna-boy-pull-up-nigeria-new-music-video-african-giant |access-date=13 May 2021 |website=[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]}}</ref> [[Wizkid]], [ <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 February 2019 |title=Meji Alabi: Tales of an "Experience Junkie" |url=https://www.lbbonline.com/news/meji-alabi-tales-of-an-experience-junkie |access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2021 |title=Runtown and director Meji Alabi go virtual this weekend |url=https://www.voice-online.co.uk/entertainment/2021/04/23/runtown-and-director-meji-alabi-go-virtual-this-weekend/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=voice-online}}</ref> [[Davido]], [[Tiwa Savage]], Popcaan, Goldlink, Koffee da Nasty C. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 May 2019 |title=WATCH THE MEJI ALABI DIRECTED VIDEO FOR GOLDLINK AND MALEEK BERRY'S 'ZULU SCREAMS' |url=https://culturecustodian.com/watch-the-meji-alabi-video-for-goldlink-and-maleek-berrys-zulu-screams/ |access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref> Ya shirya fim ɗinsa na farko a shekarar 2024, ''Water and Garri'', wanda Tiwa Savage ta fito a ciki. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Nelson |first=C.J. |title=In Tiwa Savage’s ‘Water and Garri,’ Meji Alabi Finds a Fresh Directorial Perspective - Okayplayer |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-water-and-garri/ |access-date=2024-12-04 |website=www.okayafrica.com |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Meji a ranar 13 ga Disamba, 1988, a Landan, kuma ya shafe tsawon lokacin ƙuruciyarsa yana ƙaura tare da mahaifinsa bayan rabuwar iyayensa a 1989. Ya yi yawo tsakanin London, [[Bahamas]], da Texas, Amurka. Ya halarci Makarantar Tsakiya ta Spring Forest da Makarantar Sakandare ta Stratford duka a [[Houston|Houston, Texas]] . Meji Alabi ya kammala karatunsa daga Jami'ar Yammacin London da digiri na farko a fannin Lissafi da Kuɗi, kuma yana da digirin Lasisi na Aikin Jinya daga Kwalejin St. Phillips da ke [[San Antonio|San Antonio, Texas]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kpade |first=Sabo |date=16 February 2021 |title=Interview: Meji Alabi Is Bringing Nigerian Culture to the World, One Music Video at a Time |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-nigeria-music-video/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=okayafrica}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Steven |first=Rachael |date=24 July 2020 |title=WHAT WOULD I CHANGE: DIRECTOR MEJI ALABI |url=https://www.creativereview.co.uk/what-would-i-change-director-meji-alabi/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=CreativeReview}}</ref> == Sana'a == A shekarar 2014, Alabi ya kafa JM Films tare da Jimi Adesanya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 February 2021 |title=Director Meji Alabi, Black Dog Films Draw The Line Against Malaria |url=https://www.shootonline.com/video/director-meji-alabi-black-dog-films-draw-line-against-malaria |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=shootonline}}</ref> JM Films (wani reshe na Unbound Studios) kamfani ne na ayyukan watsa labarai da shirye-shirye wanda ya ƙware a fannin zane-zane masu ƙirƙira, bidiyon kiɗa, tallace-tallace, fina-finai da talabijin kuma yana zaune a Legas, Najeriya. Shi ne kuma wanda ya kafa Priorgold Pictures wanda wani kamfani ne na shirya fina-finai da ke Legas, Najeriya wanda aka ƙirƙira don biyan buƙatun masana'antar nishaɗi ta hanyar samar da kayan aiki da ma'aikata don aiwatar da abubuwan gani masu ƙirƙira. A shekarar 2014, ya jagoranci bidiyon waƙar 'Murda' wanda [[Seyi Shay]] ya rera tare da Patoranking, Shaydee . Nasarar wannan bidiyon ta jawo masa hankali sosai a masana'antar kiɗan Najeriya kuma an zaɓe shi a wannan shekarar a bikin bayar da kyaututtukan MTV Africa Music Awards don Mafi Kyawun Bidiyo. Haka kuma a shekarar 2014, ya jagoranci bidiyon waƙar 'Crazy' wanda [[Seyi Shay]] ya rera tare da [[Wizkid]] kuma an zaɓe shi a shekarar 2015 don Mafi Kyawun Bidiyon Waƙa na Shekara (Mai Zane da Darakta) a [[Nigeria Entertainment Awards|bikin bayar da kyaututtukan nishaɗi na Najeriya]] da kuma mafi kyawun bidiyon kiɗa a The Headies 2015 . A shekarar 2016, ya jagoranci bidiyon 'Kontrol' na Maleek Berry wanda ya nuna sabon salon da yake bi wajen jagorantar bidiyon wakoki ga fitattun mawakan Najeriya. A wannan shekarar, ya jagoranci 'Aje' wanda Alikiba ya rera, wanda ya lashe kyautar Mafi Kyawun Bidiyon Waƙa a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na Soundcity MVP a shekarar 2017. A shekarar 2018, Alabi ya jagoranci bidiyon waƙar [[Davido]] mai suna 'Assurance' a cikin fim ɗin 'A Good Time'. Tun daga shekarar 2018, Alabi ya yi aiki tare da [[Burna Boy]] a wasu ayyukansa. Ya ba da umarni ga Pull Up, On The Low, da Gum Body tare da Jorja Smith daga kundin wakokin Burna Boy mai suna 'African Giant'. Meji ya kuma ba da umarni ga bidiyon Way Too Big, Wonderful, Monsters You Made wanda ya nuna [[Chris Martin]] da Real Life tare da Stormzy daga kundin wakokin 'Twice As Tall'. [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] 8eyzsdr97jc8dzkyxnlii8svd5lwbew 878555 878554 2026-07-07T14:54:19Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358073957|Meji Alabi]]" 878555 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Meji Alabi''' ( listen ⓘ ; an haife shi a ranar 13 ga Disamba 1988) fitaccen mai shirya fina-finai ne [['Yan Najeriya na Burtaniya|na Najeriya-Birtaniya]], darakta, mai daukar hoto kuma furodusa. Darakta ne kuma ya yi aiki tare da [[Beyoncé|Beyonce]], <ref name=":142">{{Cite web |title=A N T I on Instagram: "Black Is King, a film by @beyonce.⁣ Super pumped to have played our part on the Nigerian chapter of this film 🧡 alongside amazing…" |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CCCPpchjO_r/ |url-access=registration |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/instagram/anti.design/2342503575009947627 |archive-date=2021-12-26 |access-date=2020-07-11 |website=[[Instagram]] |language=en}}</ref> [[Burna Boy]], <ref>{{Cite web |last=Hahn |first=Rachel |date=21 August 2019 |title=Burna Boy Proves He's Nigeria's Most Stylish Musician in His New Video |url=https://www.vogue.com/article/burna-boy-pull-up-nigeria-new-music-video-african-giant |access-date=13 May 2021 |website=[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]}}</ref> [[Wizkid]], [ <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 February 2019 |title=Meji Alabi: Tales of an "Experience Junkie" |url=https://www.lbbonline.com/news/meji-alabi-tales-of-an-experience-junkie |access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2021 |title=Runtown and director Meji Alabi go virtual this weekend |url=https://www.voice-online.co.uk/entertainment/2021/04/23/runtown-and-director-meji-alabi-go-virtual-this-weekend/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=voice-online}}</ref> [[Davido]], [[Tiwa Savage]], Popcaan, Goldlink, Koffee da Nasty C. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 May 2019 |title=WATCH THE MEJI ALABI DIRECTED VIDEO FOR GOLDLINK AND MALEEK BERRY'S 'ZULU SCREAMS' |url=https://culturecustodian.com/watch-the-meji-alabi-video-for-goldlink-and-maleek-berrys-zulu-screams/ |access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref> Ya shirya fim ɗinsa na farko a shekarar 2024, ''Water and Garri'', wanda Tiwa Savage ta fito a ciki. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Nelson |first=C.J. |title=In Tiwa Savage’s ‘Water and Garri,’ Meji Alabi Finds a Fresh Directorial Perspective - Okayplayer |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-water-and-garri/ |access-date=2024-12-04 |website=www.okayafrica.com |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Meji a ranar 13 ga Disamba, 1988, a Landan, kuma ya shafe tsawon lokacin ƙuruciyarsa yana ƙaura tare da mahaifinsa bayan rabuwar iyayensa a 1989. Ya yi yawo tsakanin London, [[Bahamas]], da Texas, Amurka. Ya halarci Makarantar Tsakiya ta Spring Forest da Makarantar Sakandare ta Stratford duka a [[Houston|Houston, Texas]] . Meji Alabi ya kammala karatunsa daga Jami'ar Yammacin London da digiri na farko a fannin Lissafi da Kuɗi, kuma yana da digirin Lasisi na Aikin Jinya daga Kwalejin St. Phillips da ke [[San Antonio|San Antonio, Texas]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kpade |first=Sabo |date=16 February 2021 |title=Interview: Meji Alabi Is Bringing Nigerian Culture to the World, One Music Video at a Time |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-nigeria-music-video/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=okayafrica}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Steven |first=Rachael |date=24 July 2020 |title=WHAT WOULD I CHANGE: DIRECTOR MEJI ALABI |url=https://www.creativereview.co.uk/what-would-i-change-director-meji-alabi/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=CreativeReview}}</ref> == Sana'a == A shekarar 2014, Alabi ya kafa JM Films tare da Jimi Adesanya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 February 2021 |title=Director Meji Alabi, Black Dog Films Draw The Line Against Malaria |url=https://www.shootonline.com/video/director-meji-alabi-black-dog-films-draw-line-against-malaria |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=shootonline}}</ref> JM Films (wani reshe na Unbound Studios) kamfani ne na ayyukan watsa labarai da shirye-shirye wanda ya ƙware a fannin zane-zane masu ƙirƙira, bidiyon kiɗa, tallace-tallace, fina-finai da talabijin kuma yana zaune a Legas, Najeriya. Shi ne kuma wanda ya kafa Priorgold Pictures wanda wani kamfani ne na shirya fina-finai da ke Legas, Najeriya wanda aka ƙirƙira don biyan buƙatun masana'antar nishaɗi ta hanyar samar da kayan aiki da ma'aikata don aiwatar da abubuwan gani masu ƙirƙira. A shekarar 2014, ya jagoranci bidiyon waƙar 'Murda' wanda [[Seyi Shay]] ya rera tare da Patoranking, Shaydee . Nasarar wannan bidiyon ta jawo masa hankali sosai a masana'antar kiɗan Najeriya kuma an zaɓe shi a wannan shekarar a bikin bayar da kyaututtukan MTV Africa Music Awards don Mafi Kyawun Bidiyo. Haka kuma a shekarar 2014, ya jagoranci bidiyon waƙar 'Crazy' wanda [[Seyi Shay]] ya rera tare da [[Wizkid]] kuma an zaɓe shi a shekarar 2015 don Mafi Kyawun Bidiyon Waƙa na Shekara (Mai Zane da Darakta) a [[Nigeria Entertainment Awards|bikin bayar da kyaututtukan nishaɗi na Najeriya]] da kuma mafi kyawun bidiyon kiɗa a The Headies 2015 . A shekarar 2016, ya jagoranci bidiyon 'Kontrol' na Maleek Berry wanda ya nuna sabon salon da yake bi wajen jagorantar bidiyon wakoki ga fitattun mawakan Najeriya. A wannan shekarar, ya jagoranci 'Aje' wanda Alikiba ya rera, wanda ya lashe kyautar Mafi Kyawun Bidiyon Waƙa a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na Soundcity MVP a shekarar 2017. A shekarar 2018, Alabi ya jagoranci bidiyon waƙar [[Davido]] mai suna 'Assurance' a cikin fim ɗin 'A Good Time'. Tun daga shekarar 2018, Alabi ya yi aiki tare da [[Burna Boy]] a wasu ayyukansa. Ya ba da umarni ga Pull Up, On The Low, da Gum Body tare da Jorja Smith daga kundin wakokin Burna Boy mai suna 'African Giant'. Meji ya kuma ba da umarni ga bidiyon Way Too Big, Wonderful, Monsters You Made wanda ya nuna [[Chris Martin]] da Real Life tare da Stormzy daga kundin wakokin 'Twice As Tall'. Ya kuma yi aiki tare da [[Wizkid]] a cikin kundin wakokin Made in Lagos, kuma yana da jagoranci a cikin bidiyon wakokin Ginger tare da [[Burna Boy]], No Stress da Smile tare da HER. [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] h1yyr5e28twfp2vwolqpa3vde4zxddj 878556 878555 2026-07-07T14:54:32Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358073957|Meji Alabi]]" 878556 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Meji Alabi''' ( listen ⓘ ; an haife shi a ranar 13 ga Disamba 1988) fitaccen mai shirya fina-finai ne [['Yan Najeriya na Burtaniya|na Najeriya-Birtaniya]], darakta, mai daukar hoto kuma furodusa. Darakta ne kuma ya yi aiki tare da [[Beyoncé|Beyonce]], <ref name=":142">{{Cite web |title=A N T I on Instagram: "Black Is King, a film by @beyonce.⁣ Super pumped to have played our part on the Nigerian chapter of this film 🧡 alongside amazing…" |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CCCPpchjO_r/ |url-access=registration |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/instagram/anti.design/2342503575009947627 |archive-date=2021-12-26 |access-date=2020-07-11 |website=[[Instagram]] |language=en}}</ref> [[Burna Boy]], <ref>{{Cite web |last=Hahn |first=Rachel |date=21 August 2019 |title=Burna Boy Proves He's Nigeria's Most Stylish Musician in His New Video |url=https://www.vogue.com/article/burna-boy-pull-up-nigeria-new-music-video-african-giant |access-date=13 May 2021 |website=[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]}}</ref> [[Wizkid]], [ <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 February 2019 |title=Meji Alabi: Tales of an "Experience Junkie" |url=https://www.lbbonline.com/news/meji-alabi-tales-of-an-experience-junkie |access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2021 |title=Runtown and director Meji Alabi go virtual this weekend |url=https://www.voice-online.co.uk/entertainment/2021/04/23/runtown-and-director-meji-alabi-go-virtual-this-weekend/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=voice-online}}</ref> [[Davido]], [[Tiwa Savage]], Popcaan, Goldlink, Koffee da Nasty C. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 May 2019 |title=WATCH THE MEJI ALABI DIRECTED VIDEO FOR GOLDLINK AND MALEEK BERRY'S 'ZULU SCREAMS' |url=https://culturecustodian.com/watch-the-meji-alabi-video-for-goldlink-and-maleek-berrys-zulu-screams/ |access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref> Ya shirya fim ɗinsa na farko a shekarar 2024, ''Water and Garri'', wanda Tiwa Savage ta fito a ciki. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Nelson |first=C.J. |title=In Tiwa Savage’s ‘Water and Garri,’ Meji Alabi Finds a Fresh Directorial Perspective - Okayplayer |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-water-and-garri/ |access-date=2024-12-04 |website=www.okayafrica.com |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Meji a ranar 13 ga Disamba, 1988, a Landan, kuma ya shafe tsawon lokacin ƙuruciyarsa yana ƙaura tare da mahaifinsa bayan rabuwar iyayensa a 1989. Ya yi yawo tsakanin London, [[Bahamas]], da Texas, Amurka. Ya halarci Makarantar Tsakiya ta Spring Forest da Makarantar Sakandare ta Stratford duka a [[Houston|Houston, Texas]] . Meji Alabi ya kammala karatunsa daga Jami'ar Yammacin London da digiri na farko a fannin Lissafi da Kuɗi, kuma yana da digirin Lasisi na Aikin Jinya daga Kwalejin St. Phillips da ke [[San Antonio|San Antonio, Texas]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kpade |first=Sabo |date=16 February 2021 |title=Interview: Meji Alabi Is Bringing Nigerian Culture to the World, One Music Video at a Time |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-nigeria-music-video/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=okayafrica}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Steven |first=Rachael |date=24 July 2020 |title=WHAT WOULD I CHANGE: DIRECTOR MEJI ALABI |url=https://www.creativereview.co.uk/what-would-i-change-director-meji-alabi/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=CreativeReview}}</ref> == Sana'a == A shekarar 2014, Alabi ya kafa JM Films tare da Jimi Adesanya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 February 2021 |title=Director Meji Alabi, Black Dog Films Draw The Line Against Malaria |url=https://www.shootonline.com/video/director-meji-alabi-black-dog-films-draw-line-against-malaria |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=shootonline}}</ref> JM Films (wani reshe na Unbound Studios) kamfani ne na ayyukan watsa labarai da shirye-shirye wanda ya ƙware a fannin zane-zane masu ƙirƙira, bidiyon kiɗa, tallace-tallace, fina-finai da talabijin kuma yana zaune a Legas, Najeriya. Shi ne kuma wanda ya kafa Priorgold Pictures wanda wani kamfani ne na shirya fina-finai da ke Legas, Najeriya wanda aka ƙirƙira don biyan buƙatun masana'antar nishaɗi ta hanyar samar da kayan aiki da ma'aikata don aiwatar da abubuwan gani masu ƙirƙira. A shekarar 2014, ya jagoranci bidiyon waƙar 'Murda' wanda [[Seyi Shay]] ya rera tare da Patoranking, Shaydee . Nasarar wannan bidiyon ta jawo masa hankali sosai a masana'antar kiɗan Najeriya kuma an zaɓe shi a wannan shekarar a bikin bayar da kyaututtukan MTV Africa Music Awards don Mafi Kyawun Bidiyo. Haka kuma a shekarar 2014, ya jagoranci bidiyon waƙar 'Crazy' wanda [[Seyi Shay]] ya rera tare da [[Wizkid]] kuma an zaɓe shi a shekarar 2015 don Mafi Kyawun Bidiyon Waƙa na Shekara (Mai Zane da Darakta) a [[Nigeria Entertainment Awards|bikin bayar da kyaututtukan nishaɗi na Najeriya]] da kuma mafi kyawun bidiyon kiɗa a The Headies 2015 . A shekarar 2016, ya jagoranci bidiyon 'Kontrol' na Maleek Berry wanda ya nuna sabon salon da yake bi wajen jagorantar bidiyon wakoki ga fitattun mawakan Najeriya. A wannan shekarar, ya jagoranci 'Aje' wanda Alikiba ya rera, wanda ya lashe kyautar Mafi Kyawun Bidiyon Waƙa a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na Soundcity MVP a shekarar 2017. A shekarar 2018, Alabi ya jagoranci bidiyon waƙar [[Davido]] mai suna 'Assurance' a cikin fim ɗin 'A Good Time'. Tun daga shekarar 2018, Alabi ya yi aiki tare da [[Burna Boy]] a wasu ayyukansa. Ya ba da umarni ga Pull Up, On The Low, da Gum Body tare da Jorja Smith daga kundin wakokin Burna Boy mai suna 'African Giant'. Meji ya kuma ba da umarni ga bidiyon Way Too Big, Wonderful, Monsters You Made wanda ya nuna [[Chris Martin]] da Real Life tare da Stormzy daga kundin wakokin 'Twice As Tall'. Ya kuma yi aiki tare da [[Wizkid]] a cikin kundin wakokin Made in Lagos, kuma yana da jagoranci a cikin bidiyon wakokin Ginger tare da [[Burna Boy]], No Stress da Smile tare da HER. A shekarar 2020, Alabi ya yi aiki a matsayin furodusa tare da Jimi Adesanya a fim ɗin Najeriya na Black Is King wanda Beyonce Knowles-Carter ta shirya. Ya kuma yi aiki tare da Ibra Ake da Jenn Nkiru don yin bidiyon waƙar ' Brown Skin Girl ' wadda ta lashe kyautar Grammy, wanda aka yaba masa a matsayin mataimakin darakta. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Haring |first=Bruce |date=19 July 2020 |title=Beyoncé's 'Black Is King' Visual Album Releases First Full Trailer And Key Art |url=https://deadline.com/video/beyonces-black-is-king-trailer-key-art/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=deadline}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 June 2020 |title=Meji Alabi, Muhammad Atta & Other Nigerian Creatives who Created Magic on Beyoncè's "Black Is King" |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/06/nigerian-creatives-black-is-king/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=bellanaija}}</ref> [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] 2zkw2xwfszaj9tdepkswhy9ne1gngr6 878557 878556 2026-07-07T14:55:03Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358073957|Meji Alabi]]" 878557 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Meji Alabi''' ( listen ⓘ ; an haife shi a ranar 13 ga Disamba 1988) fitaccen mai shirya fina-finai ne [['Yan Najeriya na Burtaniya|na Najeriya-Birtaniya]], darakta, mai daukar hoto kuma furodusa. Darakta ne kuma ya yi aiki tare da [[Beyoncé|Beyonce]], <ref name=":142">{{Cite web |title=A N T I on Instagram: "Black Is King, a film by @beyonce.⁣ Super pumped to have played our part on the Nigerian chapter of this film 🧡 alongside amazing…" |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CCCPpchjO_r/ |url-access=registration |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/instagram/anti.design/2342503575009947627 |archive-date=2021-12-26 |access-date=2020-07-11 |website=[[Instagram]] |language=en}}</ref> [[Burna Boy]], <ref>{{Cite web |last=Hahn |first=Rachel |date=21 August 2019 |title=Burna Boy Proves He's Nigeria's Most Stylish Musician in His New Video |url=https://www.vogue.com/article/burna-boy-pull-up-nigeria-new-music-video-african-giant |access-date=13 May 2021 |website=[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]}}</ref> [[Wizkid]], [ <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 February 2019 |title=Meji Alabi: Tales of an "Experience Junkie" |url=https://www.lbbonline.com/news/meji-alabi-tales-of-an-experience-junkie |access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2021 |title=Runtown and director Meji Alabi go virtual this weekend |url=https://www.voice-online.co.uk/entertainment/2021/04/23/runtown-and-director-meji-alabi-go-virtual-this-weekend/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=voice-online}}</ref> [[Davido]], [[Tiwa Savage]], Popcaan, Goldlink, Koffee da Nasty C. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 May 2019 |title=WATCH THE MEJI ALABI DIRECTED VIDEO FOR GOLDLINK AND MALEEK BERRY'S 'ZULU SCREAMS' |url=https://culturecustodian.com/watch-the-meji-alabi-video-for-goldlink-and-maleek-berrys-zulu-screams/ |access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref> Ya shirya fim ɗinsa na farko a shekarar 2024, ''Water and Garri'', wanda Tiwa Savage ta fito a ciki. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Nelson |first=C.J. |title=In Tiwa Savage’s ‘Water and Garri,’ Meji Alabi Finds a Fresh Directorial Perspective - Okayplayer |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-water-and-garri/ |access-date=2024-12-04 |website=www.okayafrica.com |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Meji a ranar 13 ga Disamba, 1988, a Landan, kuma ya shafe tsawon lokacin ƙuruciyarsa yana ƙaura tare da mahaifinsa bayan rabuwar iyayensa a 1989. Ya yi yawo tsakanin London, [[Bahamas]], da Texas, Amurka. Ya halarci Makarantar Tsakiya ta Spring Forest da Makarantar Sakandare ta Stratford duka a [[Houston|Houston, Texas]] . Meji Alabi ya kammala karatunsa daga Jami'ar Yammacin London da digiri na farko a fannin Lissafi da Kuɗi, kuma yana da digirin Lasisi na Aikin Jinya daga Kwalejin St. Phillips da ke [[San Antonio|San Antonio, Texas]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kpade |first=Sabo |date=16 February 2021 |title=Interview: Meji Alabi Is Bringing Nigerian Culture to the World, One Music Video at a Time |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-nigeria-music-video/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=okayafrica}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Steven |first=Rachael |date=24 July 2020 |title=WHAT WOULD I CHANGE: DIRECTOR MEJI ALABI |url=https://www.creativereview.co.uk/what-would-i-change-director-meji-alabi/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=CreativeReview}}</ref> == Sana'a == A shekarar 2014, Alabi ya kafa JM Films tare da Jimi Adesanya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 February 2021 |title=Director Meji Alabi, Black Dog Films Draw The Line Against Malaria |url=https://www.shootonline.com/video/director-meji-alabi-black-dog-films-draw-line-against-malaria |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=shootonline}}</ref> JM Films (wani reshe na Unbound Studios) kamfani ne na ayyukan watsa labarai da shirye-shirye wanda ya ƙware a fannin zane-zane masu ƙirƙira, bidiyon kiɗa, tallace-tallace, fina-finai da talabijin kuma yana zaune a Legas, Najeriya. Shi ne kuma wanda ya kafa Priorgold Pictures wanda wani kamfani ne na shirya fina-finai da ke Legas, Najeriya wanda aka ƙirƙira don biyan buƙatun masana'antar nishaɗi ta hanyar samar da kayan aiki da ma'aikata don aiwatar da abubuwan gani masu ƙirƙira. A shekarar 2014, ya jagoranci bidiyon waƙar 'Murda' wanda [[Seyi Shay]] ya rera tare da Patoranking, Shaydee . Nasarar wannan bidiyon ta jawo masa hankali sosai a masana'antar kiɗan Najeriya kuma an zaɓe shi a wannan shekarar a bikin bayar da kyaututtukan MTV Africa Music Awards don Mafi Kyawun Bidiyo. Haka kuma a shekarar 2014, ya jagoranci bidiyon waƙar 'Crazy' wanda [[Seyi Shay]] ya rera tare da [[Wizkid]] kuma an zaɓe shi a shekarar 2015 don Mafi Kyawun Bidiyon Waƙa na Shekara (Mai Zane da Darakta) a [[Nigeria Entertainment Awards|bikin bayar da kyaututtukan nishaɗi na Najeriya]] da kuma mafi kyawun bidiyon kiɗa a The Headies 2015 . A shekarar 2016, ya jagoranci bidiyon 'Kontrol' na Maleek Berry wanda ya nuna sabon salon da yake bi wajen jagorantar bidiyon wakoki ga fitattun mawakan Najeriya. A wannan shekarar, ya jagoranci 'Aje' wanda Alikiba ya rera, wanda ya lashe kyautar Mafi Kyawun Bidiyon Waƙa a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na Soundcity MVP a shekarar 2017. A shekarar 2018, Alabi ya jagoranci bidiyon waƙar [[Davido]] mai suna 'Assurance' a cikin fim ɗin 'A Good Time'. Tun daga shekarar 2018, Alabi ya yi aiki tare da [[Burna Boy]] a wasu ayyukansa. Ya ba da umarni ga Pull Up, On The Low, da Gum Body tare da Jorja Smith daga kundin wakokin Burna Boy mai suna 'African Giant'. Meji ya kuma ba da umarni ga bidiyon Way Too Big, Wonderful, Monsters You Made wanda ya nuna [[Chris Martin]] da Real Life tare da Stormzy daga kundin wakokin 'Twice As Tall'. Ya kuma yi aiki tare da [[Wizkid]] a cikin kundin wakokin Made in Lagos, kuma yana da jagoranci a cikin bidiyon wakokin Ginger tare da [[Burna Boy]], No Stress da Smile tare da HER. A shekarar 2020, Alabi ya yi aiki a matsayin furodusa tare da Jimi Adesanya a fim ɗin Najeriya na Black Is King wanda Beyonce Knowles-Carter ta shirya. Ya kuma yi aiki tare da Ibra Ake da Jenn Nkiru don yin bidiyon waƙar ' Brown Skin Girl ' wadda ta lashe kyautar Grammy, wanda aka yaba masa a matsayin mataimakin darakta. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Haring |first=Bruce |date=19 July 2020 |title=Beyoncé's 'Black Is King' Visual Album Releases First Full Trailer And Key Art |url=https://deadline.com/video/beyonces-black-is-king-trailer-key-art/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=deadline}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 June 2020 |title=Meji Alabi, Muhammad Atta & Other Nigerian Creatives who Created Magic on Beyoncè's "Black Is King" |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/06/nigerian-creatives-black-is-king/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=bellanaija}}</ref> A shekarar 2021, Alabi ya yi aiki tare da Black Dog Films a matsayin darektan aikin gani na kamfen ɗin 'Zero Malaria: Draw The Line Against Malaria'. Wannan ƙungiya ta ƙunshi 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Najeriya kuma mai ba da agaji [[Omotola Jalade Ekeinde|Omotola Jalade-Ekeinde]], 'yar wasan kwaikwayo kuma 'yar kasuwa Osas Ighodaro, wacce ta lashe lambar zinare ta Olympics ta Kenya kuma mai riƙe da rikodin duniya na marathon Eliud Kipchoge, mai binciken Afirka ta Kudu kuma mai hawa dutse Saray Khumalo, mai zane-zanen Najeriya Laolu Senbanjo a halin yanzu kyaftin ɗin ƙungiyar Rugby ta ƙasa ta Afirka ta Kudu Siya Kolisi, da kuma mai tsara rawa ta Rwanda-Britaniya Sherrie Silver . [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] 4glxjlqza4ipny1i0gka18f0rl08hoa 878558 878557 2026-07-07T14:55:23Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358073957|Meji Alabi]]" 878558 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Meji Alabi''' ( listen ⓘ ; an haife shi a ranar 13 ga Disamba 1988) fitaccen mai shirya fina-finai ne [['Yan Najeriya na Burtaniya|na Najeriya-Birtaniya]], darakta, mai daukar hoto kuma furodusa. Darakta ne kuma ya yi aiki tare da [[Beyoncé|Beyonce]], <ref name=":142">{{Cite web |title=A N T I on Instagram: "Black Is King, a film by @beyonce.⁣ Super pumped to have played our part on the Nigerian chapter of this film 🧡 alongside amazing…" |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CCCPpchjO_r/ |url-access=registration |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/instagram/anti.design/2342503575009947627 |archive-date=2021-12-26 |access-date=2020-07-11 |website=[[Instagram]] |language=en}}</ref> [[Burna Boy]], <ref>{{Cite web |last=Hahn |first=Rachel |date=21 August 2019 |title=Burna Boy Proves He's Nigeria's Most Stylish Musician in His New Video |url=https://www.vogue.com/article/burna-boy-pull-up-nigeria-new-music-video-african-giant |access-date=13 May 2021 |website=[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]}}</ref> [[Wizkid]], [ <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 February 2019 |title=Meji Alabi: Tales of an "Experience Junkie" |url=https://www.lbbonline.com/news/meji-alabi-tales-of-an-experience-junkie |access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2021 |title=Runtown and director Meji Alabi go virtual this weekend |url=https://www.voice-online.co.uk/entertainment/2021/04/23/runtown-and-director-meji-alabi-go-virtual-this-weekend/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=voice-online}}</ref> [[Davido]], [[Tiwa Savage]], Popcaan, Goldlink, Koffee da Nasty C. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 May 2019 |title=WATCH THE MEJI ALABI DIRECTED VIDEO FOR GOLDLINK AND MALEEK BERRY'S 'ZULU SCREAMS' |url=https://culturecustodian.com/watch-the-meji-alabi-video-for-goldlink-and-maleek-berrys-zulu-screams/ |access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref> Ya shirya fim ɗinsa na farko a shekarar 2024, ''Water and Garri'', wanda Tiwa Savage ta fito a ciki. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Nelson |first=C.J. |title=In Tiwa Savage’s ‘Water and Garri,’ Meji Alabi Finds a Fresh Directorial Perspective - Okayplayer |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-water-and-garri/ |access-date=2024-12-04 |website=www.okayafrica.com |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Meji a ranar 13 ga Disamba, 1988, a Landan, kuma ya shafe tsawon lokacin ƙuruciyarsa yana ƙaura tare da mahaifinsa bayan rabuwar iyayensa a 1989. Ya yi yawo tsakanin London, [[Bahamas]], da Texas, Amurka. Ya halarci Makarantar Tsakiya ta Spring Forest da Makarantar Sakandare ta Stratford duka a [[Houston|Houston, Texas]] . Meji Alabi ya kammala karatunsa daga Jami'ar Yammacin London da digiri na farko a fannin Lissafi da Kuɗi, kuma yana da digirin Lasisi na Aikin Jinya daga Kwalejin St. Phillips da ke [[San Antonio|San Antonio, Texas]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kpade |first=Sabo |date=16 February 2021 |title=Interview: Meji Alabi Is Bringing Nigerian Culture to the World, One Music Video at a Time |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-nigeria-music-video/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=okayafrica}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Steven |first=Rachael |date=24 July 2020 |title=WHAT WOULD I CHANGE: DIRECTOR MEJI ALABI |url=https://www.creativereview.co.uk/what-would-i-change-director-meji-alabi/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=CreativeReview}}</ref> == Sana'a == A shekarar 2014, Alabi ya kafa JM Films tare da Jimi Adesanya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 February 2021 |title=Director Meji Alabi, Black Dog Films Draw The Line Against Malaria |url=https://www.shootonline.com/video/director-meji-alabi-black-dog-films-draw-line-against-malaria |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=shootonline}}</ref> JM Films (wani reshe na Unbound Studios) kamfani ne na ayyukan watsa labarai da shirye-shirye wanda ya ƙware a fannin zane-zane masu ƙirƙira, bidiyon kiɗa, tallace-tallace, fina-finai da talabijin kuma yana zaune a Legas, Najeriya. Shi ne kuma wanda ya kafa Priorgold Pictures wanda wani kamfani ne na shirya fina-finai da ke Legas, Najeriya wanda aka ƙirƙira don biyan buƙatun masana'antar nishaɗi ta hanyar samar da kayan aiki da ma'aikata don aiwatar da abubuwan gani masu ƙirƙira. A shekarar 2014, ya jagoranci bidiyon waƙar 'Murda' wanda [[Seyi Shay]] ya rera tare da Patoranking, Shaydee . Nasarar wannan bidiyon ta jawo masa hankali sosai a masana'antar kiɗan Najeriya kuma an zaɓe shi a wannan shekarar a bikin bayar da kyaututtukan MTV Africa Music Awards don Mafi Kyawun Bidiyo. Haka kuma a shekarar 2014, ya jagoranci bidiyon waƙar 'Crazy' wanda [[Seyi Shay]] ya rera tare da [[Wizkid]] kuma an zaɓe shi a shekarar 2015 don Mafi Kyawun Bidiyon Waƙa na Shekara (Mai Zane da Darakta) a [[Nigeria Entertainment Awards|bikin bayar da kyaututtukan nishaɗi na Najeriya]] da kuma mafi kyawun bidiyon kiɗa a The Headies 2015 . A shekarar 2016, ya jagoranci bidiyon 'Kontrol' na Maleek Berry wanda ya nuna sabon salon da yake bi wajen jagorantar bidiyon wakoki ga fitattun mawakan Najeriya. A wannan shekarar, ya jagoranci 'Aje' wanda Alikiba ya rera, wanda ya lashe kyautar Mafi Kyawun Bidiyon Waƙa a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na Soundcity MVP a shekarar 2017. A shekarar 2018, Alabi ya jagoranci bidiyon waƙar [[Davido]] mai suna 'Assurance' a cikin fim ɗin 'A Good Time'. Tun daga shekarar 2018, Alabi ya yi aiki tare da [[Burna Boy]] a wasu ayyukansa. Ya ba da umarni ga Pull Up, On The Low, da Gum Body tare da Jorja Smith daga kundin wakokin Burna Boy mai suna 'African Giant'. Meji ya kuma ba da umarni ga bidiyon Way Too Big, Wonderful, Monsters You Made wanda ya nuna [[Chris Martin]] da Real Life tare da Stormzy daga kundin wakokin 'Twice As Tall'. Ya kuma yi aiki tare da [[Wizkid]] a cikin kundin wakokin Made in Lagos, kuma yana da jagoranci a cikin bidiyon wakokin Ginger tare da [[Burna Boy]], No Stress da Smile tare da HER. A shekarar 2020, Alabi ya yi aiki a matsayin furodusa tare da Jimi Adesanya a fim ɗin Najeriya na Black Is King wanda Beyonce Knowles-Carter ta shirya. Ya kuma yi aiki tare da Ibra Ake da Jenn Nkiru don yin bidiyon waƙar ' Brown Skin Girl ' wadda ta lashe kyautar Grammy, wanda aka yaba masa a matsayin mataimakin darakta. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Haring |first=Bruce |date=19 July 2020 |title=Beyoncé's 'Black Is King' Visual Album Releases First Full Trailer And Key Art |url=https://deadline.com/video/beyonces-black-is-king-trailer-key-art/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=deadline}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 June 2020 |title=Meji Alabi, Muhammad Atta & Other Nigerian Creatives who Created Magic on Beyoncè's "Black Is King" |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/06/nigerian-creatives-black-is-king/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=bellanaija}}</ref> A shekarar 2021, Alabi ya yi aiki tare da Black Dog Films a matsayin darektan aikin gani na kamfen ɗin 'Zero Malaria: Draw The Line Against Malaria'. Wannan ƙungiya ta ƙunshi 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Najeriya kuma mai ba da agaji [[Omotola Jalade Ekeinde|Omotola Jalade-Ekeinde]], 'yar wasan kwaikwayo kuma 'yar kasuwa Osas Ighodaro, wacce ta lashe lambar zinare ta Olympics ta Kenya kuma mai riƙe da rikodin duniya na marathon Eliud Kipchoge, mai binciken Afirka ta Kudu kuma mai hawa dutse Saray Khumalo, mai zane-zanen Najeriya Laolu Senbanjo a halin yanzu kyaftin ɗin ƙungiyar Rugby ta ƙasa ta Afirka ta Kudu Siya Kolisi, da kuma mai tsara rawa ta Rwanda-Britaniya Sherrie Silver . A shekarar 2026, ya jagoranci shirin [[Documentary film|fim mai suna]] ''Surviving Biafra: Voices from the Nigerian Civil War'', wanda ke binciko [[Yaƙin basasan Najeriya|yakin basasar Najeriya]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ford |first=Tamasin |date=June 1, 2026 |title=Meji Alabi, Grammy-winning director, explores his Nigerian grandfather’s role in the Biafran war for BBC Africa Eye |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c8r826465dko |access-date=2026-06-01 |website=[[BBC Africa Eye]] |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] soqka0dwoxkqh0bgw958f29nzbqelzi 878559 878558 2026-07-07T14:55:39Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358073957|Meji Alabi]]" 878559 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Meji Alabi''' ( listen ⓘ ; an haife shi a ranar 13 ga Disamba 1988) fitaccen mai shirya fina-finai ne [['Yan Najeriya na Burtaniya|na Najeriya-Birtaniya]], darakta, mai daukar hoto kuma furodusa. Darakta ne kuma ya yi aiki tare da [[Beyoncé|Beyonce]], <ref name=":142">{{Cite web |title=A N T I on Instagram: "Black Is King, a film by @beyonce.⁣ Super pumped to have played our part on the Nigerian chapter of this film 🧡 alongside amazing…" |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CCCPpchjO_r/ |url-access=registration |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/instagram/anti.design/2342503575009947627 |archive-date=2021-12-26 |access-date=2020-07-11 |website=[[Instagram]] |language=en}}</ref> [[Burna Boy]], <ref>{{Cite web |last=Hahn |first=Rachel |date=21 August 2019 |title=Burna Boy Proves He's Nigeria's Most Stylish Musician in His New Video |url=https://www.vogue.com/article/burna-boy-pull-up-nigeria-new-music-video-african-giant |access-date=13 May 2021 |website=[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]}}</ref> [[Wizkid]], [ <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 February 2019 |title=Meji Alabi: Tales of an "Experience Junkie" |url=https://www.lbbonline.com/news/meji-alabi-tales-of-an-experience-junkie |access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2021 |title=Runtown and director Meji Alabi go virtual this weekend |url=https://www.voice-online.co.uk/entertainment/2021/04/23/runtown-and-director-meji-alabi-go-virtual-this-weekend/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=voice-online}}</ref> [[Davido]], [[Tiwa Savage]], Popcaan, Goldlink, Koffee da Nasty C. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 May 2019 |title=WATCH THE MEJI ALABI DIRECTED VIDEO FOR GOLDLINK AND MALEEK BERRY'S 'ZULU SCREAMS' |url=https://culturecustodian.com/watch-the-meji-alabi-video-for-goldlink-and-maleek-berrys-zulu-screams/ |access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref> Ya shirya fim ɗinsa na farko a shekarar 2024, ''Water and Garri'', wanda Tiwa Savage ta fito a ciki. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Nelson |first=C.J. |title=In Tiwa Savage’s ‘Water and Garri,’ Meji Alabi Finds a Fresh Directorial Perspective - Okayplayer |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-water-and-garri/ |access-date=2024-12-04 |website=www.okayafrica.com |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Meji a ranar 13 ga Disamba, 1988, a Landan, kuma ya shafe tsawon lokacin ƙuruciyarsa yana ƙaura tare da mahaifinsa bayan rabuwar iyayensa a 1989. Ya yi yawo tsakanin London, [[Bahamas]], da Texas, Amurka. Ya halarci Makarantar Tsakiya ta Spring Forest da Makarantar Sakandare ta Stratford duka a [[Houston|Houston, Texas]] . Meji Alabi ya kammala karatunsa daga Jami'ar Yammacin London da digiri na farko a fannin Lissafi da Kuɗi, kuma yana da digirin Lasisi na Aikin Jinya daga Kwalejin St. Phillips da ke [[San Antonio|San Antonio, Texas]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kpade |first=Sabo |date=16 February 2021 |title=Interview: Meji Alabi Is Bringing Nigerian Culture to the World, One Music Video at a Time |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-nigeria-music-video/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=okayafrica}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Steven |first=Rachael |date=24 July 2020 |title=WHAT WOULD I CHANGE: DIRECTOR MEJI ALABI |url=https://www.creativereview.co.uk/what-would-i-change-director-meji-alabi/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=CreativeReview}}</ref> == Sana'a == A shekarar 2014, Alabi ya kafa JM Films tare da Jimi Adesanya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 February 2021 |title=Director Meji Alabi, Black Dog Films Draw The Line Against Malaria |url=https://www.shootonline.com/video/director-meji-alabi-black-dog-films-draw-line-against-malaria |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=shootonline}}</ref> JM Films (wani reshe na Unbound Studios) kamfani ne na ayyukan watsa labarai da shirye-shirye wanda ya ƙware a fannin zane-zane masu ƙirƙira, bidiyon kiɗa, tallace-tallace, fina-finai da talabijin kuma yana zaune a Legas, Najeriya. Shi ne kuma wanda ya kafa Priorgold Pictures wanda wani kamfani ne na shirya fina-finai da ke Legas, Najeriya wanda aka ƙirƙira don biyan buƙatun masana'antar nishaɗi ta hanyar samar da kayan aiki da ma'aikata don aiwatar da abubuwan gani masu ƙirƙira. A shekarar 2014, ya jagoranci bidiyon waƙar 'Murda' wanda [[Seyi Shay]] ya rera tare da Patoranking, Shaydee . Nasarar wannan bidiyon ta jawo masa hankali sosai a masana'antar kiɗan Najeriya kuma an zaɓe shi a wannan shekarar a bikin bayar da kyaututtukan MTV Africa Music Awards don Mafi Kyawun Bidiyo. Haka kuma a shekarar 2014, ya jagoranci bidiyon waƙar 'Crazy' wanda [[Seyi Shay]] ya rera tare da [[Wizkid]] kuma an zaɓe shi a shekarar 2015 don Mafi Kyawun Bidiyon Waƙa na Shekara (Mai Zane da Darakta) a [[Nigeria Entertainment Awards|bikin bayar da kyaututtukan nishaɗi na Najeriya]] da kuma mafi kyawun bidiyon kiɗa a The Headies 2015 . A shekarar 2016, ya jagoranci bidiyon 'Kontrol' na Maleek Berry wanda ya nuna sabon salon da yake bi wajen jagorantar bidiyon wakoki ga fitattun mawakan Najeriya. A wannan shekarar, ya jagoranci 'Aje' wanda Alikiba ya rera, wanda ya lashe kyautar Mafi Kyawun Bidiyon Waƙa a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na Soundcity MVP a shekarar 2017. A shekarar 2018, Alabi ya jagoranci bidiyon waƙar [[Davido]] mai suna 'Assurance' a cikin fim ɗin 'A Good Time'. Tun daga shekarar 2018, Alabi ya yi aiki tare da [[Burna Boy]] a wasu ayyukansa. Ya ba da umarni ga Pull Up, On The Low, da Gum Body tare da Jorja Smith daga kundin wakokin Burna Boy mai suna 'African Giant'. Meji ya kuma ba da umarni ga bidiyon Way Too Big, Wonderful, Monsters You Made wanda ya nuna [[Chris Martin]] da Real Life tare da Stormzy daga kundin wakokin 'Twice As Tall'. Ya kuma yi aiki tare da [[Wizkid]] a cikin kundin wakokin Made in Lagos, kuma yana da jagoranci a cikin bidiyon wakokin Ginger tare da [[Burna Boy]], No Stress da Smile tare da HER. A shekarar 2020, Alabi ya yi aiki a matsayin furodusa tare da Jimi Adesanya a fim ɗin Najeriya na Black Is King wanda Beyonce Knowles-Carter ta shirya. Ya kuma yi aiki tare da Ibra Ake da Jenn Nkiru don yin bidiyon waƙar ' Brown Skin Girl ' wadda ta lashe kyautar Grammy, wanda aka yaba masa a matsayin mataimakin darakta. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Haring |first=Bruce |date=19 July 2020 |title=Beyoncé's 'Black Is King' Visual Album Releases First Full Trailer And Key Art |url=https://deadline.com/video/beyonces-black-is-king-trailer-key-art/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=deadline}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 June 2020 |title=Meji Alabi, Muhammad Atta & Other Nigerian Creatives who Created Magic on Beyoncè's "Black Is King" |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/06/nigerian-creatives-black-is-king/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=bellanaija}}</ref> A shekarar 2021, Alabi ya yi aiki tare da Black Dog Films a matsayin darektan aikin gani na kamfen ɗin 'Zero Malaria: Draw The Line Against Malaria'. Wannan ƙungiya ta ƙunshi 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Najeriya kuma mai ba da agaji [[Omotola Jalade Ekeinde|Omotola Jalade-Ekeinde]], 'yar wasan kwaikwayo kuma 'yar kasuwa Osas Ighodaro, wacce ta lashe lambar zinare ta Olympics ta Kenya kuma mai riƙe da rikodin duniya na marathon Eliud Kipchoge, mai binciken Afirka ta Kudu kuma mai hawa dutse Saray Khumalo, mai zane-zanen Najeriya Laolu Senbanjo a halin yanzu kyaftin ɗin ƙungiyar Rugby ta ƙasa ta Afirka ta Kudu Siya Kolisi, da kuma mai tsara rawa ta Rwanda-Britaniya Sherrie Silver . Alabi ya jagoranci kuma ya rubuta fim ɗinsa na farko mai suna ''Water and Garri'', wanda [[Tiwa Savage]] ta fito a ciki kuma aka fitar a shekarar 2024. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Nelson |first=C.J. |title=In Tiwa Savage’s ‘Water and Garri,’ Meji Alabi Finds a Fresh Directorial Perspective - Okayplayer |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-water-and-garri/ |access-date=2024-12-04 |website=www.okayafrica.com |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFNelson">Nelson, C.J. [https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-water-and-garri/ "In Tiwa Savage's 'Water and Garri,' Meji Alabi Finds a Fresh Directorial Perspective - Okayplayer"]. ''www.okayafrica.com''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-12-04</span></span>.</cite></ref> A shekarar 2026, ya jagoranci shirin [[Documentary film|fim mai suna]] ''Surviving Biafra: Voices from the Nigerian Civil War'', wanda ke binciko [[Yaƙin basasan Najeriya|yakin basasar Najeriya]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ford |first=Tamasin |date=June 1, 2026 |title=Meji Alabi, Grammy-winning director, explores his Nigerian grandfather’s role in the Biafran war for BBC Africa Eye |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c8r826465dko |access-date=2026-06-01 |website=[[BBC Africa Eye]] |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] gvdvvgdkg8y1dz2xzqj5ait6o4z1sjz 878560 878559 2026-07-07T14:55:56Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358073957|Meji Alabi]]" 878560 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Meji Alabi''' ( listen ⓘ ; an haife shi a ranar 13 ga Disamba 1988) fitaccen mai shirya fina-finai ne [['Yan Najeriya na Burtaniya|na Najeriya-Birtaniya]], darakta, mai daukar hoto kuma furodusa. Darakta ne kuma ya yi aiki tare da [[Beyoncé|Beyonce]], <ref name=":142">{{Cite web |title=A N T I on Instagram: "Black Is King, a film by @beyonce.⁣ Super pumped to have played our part on the Nigerian chapter of this film 🧡 alongside amazing…" |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CCCPpchjO_r/ |url-access=registration |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/instagram/anti.design/2342503575009947627 |archive-date=2021-12-26 |access-date=2020-07-11 |website=[[Instagram]] |language=en}}</ref> [[Burna Boy]], <ref>{{Cite web |last=Hahn |first=Rachel |date=21 August 2019 |title=Burna Boy Proves He's Nigeria's Most Stylish Musician in His New Video |url=https://www.vogue.com/article/burna-boy-pull-up-nigeria-new-music-video-african-giant |access-date=13 May 2021 |website=[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]}}</ref> [[Wizkid]], [ <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 February 2019 |title=Meji Alabi: Tales of an "Experience Junkie" |url=https://www.lbbonline.com/news/meji-alabi-tales-of-an-experience-junkie |access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2021 |title=Runtown and director Meji Alabi go virtual this weekend |url=https://www.voice-online.co.uk/entertainment/2021/04/23/runtown-and-director-meji-alabi-go-virtual-this-weekend/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=voice-online}}</ref> [[Davido]], [[Tiwa Savage]], Popcaan, Goldlink, Koffee da Nasty C. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 May 2019 |title=WATCH THE MEJI ALABI DIRECTED VIDEO FOR GOLDLINK AND MALEEK BERRY'S 'ZULU SCREAMS' |url=https://culturecustodian.com/watch-the-meji-alabi-video-for-goldlink-and-maleek-berrys-zulu-screams/ |access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref> Ya shirya fim ɗinsa na farko a shekarar 2024, ''Water and Garri'', wanda Tiwa Savage ta fito a ciki. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Nelson |first=C.J. |title=In Tiwa Savage’s ‘Water and Garri,’ Meji Alabi Finds a Fresh Directorial Perspective - Okayplayer |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-water-and-garri/ |access-date=2024-12-04 |website=www.okayafrica.com |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Meji a ranar 13 ga Disamba, 1988, a Landan, kuma ya shafe tsawon lokacin ƙuruciyarsa yana ƙaura tare da mahaifinsa bayan rabuwar iyayensa a 1989. Ya yi yawo tsakanin London, [[Bahamas]], da Texas, Amurka. Ya halarci Makarantar Tsakiya ta Spring Forest da Makarantar Sakandare ta Stratford duka a [[Houston|Houston, Texas]] . Meji Alabi ya kammala karatunsa daga Jami'ar Yammacin London da digiri na farko a fannin Lissafi da Kuɗi, kuma yana da digirin Lasisi na Aikin Jinya daga Kwalejin St. Phillips da ke [[San Antonio|San Antonio, Texas]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kpade |first=Sabo |date=16 February 2021 |title=Interview: Meji Alabi Is Bringing Nigerian Culture to the World, One Music Video at a Time |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-nigeria-music-video/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=okayafrica}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Steven |first=Rachael |date=24 July 2020 |title=WHAT WOULD I CHANGE: DIRECTOR MEJI ALABI |url=https://www.creativereview.co.uk/what-would-i-change-director-meji-alabi/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=CreativeReview}}</ref> == Sana'a == A shekarar 2014, Alabi ya kafa JM Films tare da Jimi Adesanya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 February 2021 |title=Director Meji Alabi, Black Dog Films Draw The Line Against Malaria |url=https://www.shootonline.com/video/director-meji-alabi-black-dog-films-draw-line-against-malaria |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=shootonline}}</ref> JM Films (wani reshe na Unbound Studios) kamfani ne na ayyukan watsa labarai da shirye-shirye wanda ya ƙware a fannin zane-zane masu ƙirƙira, bidiyon kiɗa, tallace-tallace, fina-finai da talabijin kuma yana zaune a Legas, Najeriya. Shi ne kuma wanda ya kafa Priorgold Pictures wanda wani kamfani ne na shirya fina-finai da ke Legas, Najeriya wanda aka ƙirƙira don biyan buƙatun masana'antar nishaɗi ta hanyar samar da kayan aiki da ma'aikata don aiwatar da abubuwan gani masu ƙirƙira. A shekarar 2014, ya jagoranci bidiyon waƙar 'Murda' wanda [[Seyi Shay]] ya rera tare da Patoranking, Shaydee . Nasarar wannan bidiyon ta jawo masa hankali sosai a masana'antar kiɗan Najeriya kuma an zaɓe shi a wannan shekarar a bikin bayar da kyaututtukan MTV Africa Music Awards don Mafi Kyawun Bidiyo. Haka kuma a shekarar 2014, ya jagoranci bidiyon waƙar 'Crazy' wanda [[Seyi Shay]] ya rera tare da [[Wizkid]] kuma an zaɓe shi a shekarar 2015 don Mafi Kyawun Bidiyon Waƙa na Shekara (Mai Zane da Darakta) a [[Nigeria Entertainment Awards|bikin bayar da kyaututtukan nishaɗi na Najeriya]] da kuma mafi kyawun bidiyon kiɗa a The Headies 2015 . A shekarar 2016, ya jagoranci bidiyon 'Kontrol' na Maleek Berry wanda ya nuna sabon salon da yake bi wajen jagorantar bidiyon wakoki ga fitattun mawakan Najeriya. A wannan shekarar, ya jagoranci 'Aje' wanda Alikiba ya rera, wanda ya lashe kyautar Mafi Kyawun Bidiyon Waƙa a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na Soundcity MVP a shekarar 2017. A shekarar 2018, Alabi ya jagoranci bidiyon waƙar [[Davido]] mai suna 'Assurance' a cikin fim ɗin 'A Good Time'. Tun daga shekarar 2018, Alabi ya yi aiki tare da [[Burna Boy]] a wasu ayyukansa. Ya ba da umarni ga Pull Up, On The Low, da Gum Body tare da Jorja Smith daga kundin wakokin Burna Boy mai suna 'African Giant'. Meji ya kuma ba da umarni ga bidiyon Way Too Big, Wonderful, Monsters You Made wanda ya nuna [[Chris Martin]] da Real Life tare da Stormzy daga kundin wakokin 'Twice As Tall'. Ya kuma yi aiki tare da [[Wizkid]] a cikin kundin wakokin Made in Lagos, kuma yana da jagoranci a cikin bidiyon wakokin Ginger tare da [[Burna Boy]], No Stress da Smile tare da HER. A shekarar 2020, Alabi ya yi aiki a matsayin furodusa tare da Jimi Adesanya a fim ɗin Najeriya na Black Is King wanda Beyonce Knowles-Carter ta shirya. Ya kuma yi aiki tare da Ibra Ake da Jenn Nkiru don yin bidiyon waƙar ' Brown Skin Girl ' wadda ta lashe kyautar Grammy, wanda aka yaba masa a matsayin mataimakin darakta. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Haring |first=Bruce |date=19 July 2020 |title=Beyoncé's 'Black Is King' Visual Album Releases First Full Trailer And Key Art |url=https://deadline.com/video/beyonces-black-is-king-trailer-key-art/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=deadline}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 June 2020 |title=Meji Alabi, Muhammad Atta & Other Nigerian Creatives who Created Magic on Beyoncè's "Black Is King" |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/06/nigerian-creatives-black-is-king/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=bellanaija}}</ref> A shekarar 2021, Alabi ya yi aiki tare da Black Dog Films a matsayin darektan aikin gani na kamfen ɗin 'Zero Malaria: Draw The Line Against Malaria'. Wannan ƙungiya ta ƙunshi 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Najeriya kuma mai ba da agaji [[Omotola Jalade Ekeinde|Omotola Jalade-Ekeinde]], 'yar wasan kwaikwayo kuma 'yar kasuwa Osas Ighodaro, wacce ta lashe lambar zinare ta Olympics ta Kenya kuma mai riƙe da rikodin duniya na marathon Eliud Kipchoge, mai binciken Afirka ta Kudu kuma mai hawa dutse Saray Khumalo, mai zane-zanen Najeriya Laolu Senbanjo a halin yanzu kyaftin ɗin ƙungiyar Rugby ta ƙasa ta Afirka ta Kudu Siya Kolisi, da kuma mai tsara rawa ta Rwanda-Britaniya Sherrie Silver . Alabi ya jagoranci kuma ya rubuta fim ɗinsa na farko mai suna ''Water and Garri'', wanda [[Tiwa Savage]] ta fito a ciki kuma aka fitar a shekarar 2024. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Nelson |first=C.J. |title=In Tiwa Savage’s ‘Water and Garri,’ Meji Alabi Finds a Fresh Directorial Perspective - Okayplayer |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-water-and-garri/ |access-date=2024-12-04 |website=www.okayafrica.com |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFNelson">Nelson, C.J. [https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-water-and-garri/ "In Tiwa Savage's 'Water and Garri,' Meji Alabi Finds a Fresh Directorial Perspective - Okayplayer"]. ''www.okayafrica.com''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-12-04</span></span>.</cite></ref> A shekarar 2026, ya jagoranci shirin [[Documentary film|fim mai suna]] ''Surviving Biafra: Voices from the Nigerian Civil War'', wanda ke binciko [[Yaƙin basasan Najeriya|yakin basasar Najeriya]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ford |first=Tamasin |date=June 1, 2026 |title=Meji Alabi, Grammy-winning director, explores his Nigerian grandfather’s role in the Biafran war for BBC Africa Eye |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c8r826465dko |access-date=2026-06-01 |website=[[BBC Africa Eye]] |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Bidiyo == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] hata3wlq0936hewsterdh6ddpepwoif 878561 878560 2026-07-07T14:56:18Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358073957|Meji Alabi]]" 878561 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Meji Alabi''' ( listen ⓘ ; an haife shi a ranar 13 ga Disamba 1988) fitaccen mai shirya fina-finai ne [['Yan Najeriya na Burtaniya|na Najeriya-Birtaniya]], darakta, mai daukar hoto kuma furodusa. Darakta ne kuma ya yi aiki tare da [[Beyoncé|Beyonce]], <ref name=":142">{{Cite web |title=A N T I on Instagram: "Black Is King, a film by @beyonce.⁣ Super pumped to have played our part on the Nigerian chapter of this film 🧡 alongside amazing…" |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CCCPpchjO_r/ |url-access=registration |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/instagram/anti.design/2342503575009947627 |archive-date=2021-12-26 |access-date=2020-07-11 |website=[[Instagram]] |language=en}}</ref> [[Burna Boy]], <ref>{{Cite web |last=Hahn |first=Rachel |date=21 August 2019 |title=Burna Boy Proves He's Nigeria's Most Stylish Musician in His New Video |url=https://www.vogue.com/article/burna-boy-pull-up-nigeria-new-music-video-african-giant |access-date=13 May 2021 |website=[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]}}</ref> [[Wizkid]], [ <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 February 2019 |title=Meji Alabi: Tales of an "Experience Junkie" |url=https://www.lbbonline.com/news/meji-alabi-tales-of-an-experience-junkie |access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2021 |title=Runtown and director Meji Alabi go virtual this weekend |url=https://www.voice-online.co.uk/entertainment/2021/04/23/runtown-and-director-meji-alabi-go-virtual-this-weekend/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=voice-online}}</ref> [[Davido]], [[Tiwa Savage]], Popcaan, Goldlink, Koffee da Nasty C. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 May 2019 |title=WATCH THE MEJI ALABI DIRECTED VIDEO FOR GOLDLINK AND MALEEK BERRY'S 'ZULU SCREAMS' |url=https://culturecustodian.com/watch-the-meji-alabi-video-for-goldlink-and-maleek-berrys-zulu-screams/ |access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref> Ya shirya fim ɗinsa na farko a shekarar 2024, ''Water and Garri'', wanda Tiwa Savage ta fito a ciki. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Nelson |first=C.J. |title=In Tiwa Savage’s ‘Water and Garri,’ Meji Alabi Finds a Fresh Directorial Perspective - Okayplayer |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-water-and-garri/ |access-date=2024-12-04 |website=www.okayafrica.com |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Meji a ranar 13 ga Disamba, 1988, a Landan, kuma ya shafe tsawon lokacin ƙuruciyarsa yana ƙaura tare da mahaifinsa bayan rabuwar iyayensa a 1989. Ya yi yawo tsakanin London, [[Bahamas]], da Texas, Amurka. Ya halarci Makarantar Tsakiya ta Spring Forest da Makarantar Sakandare ta Stratford duka a [[Houston|Houston, Texas]] . Meji Alabi ya kammala karatunsa daga Jami'ar Yammacin London da digiri na farko a fannin Lissafi da Kuɗi, kuma yana da digirin Lasisi na Aikin Jinya daga Kwalejin St. Phillips da ke [[San Antonio|San Antonio, Texas]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kpade |first=Sabo |date=16 February 2021 |title=Interview: Meji Alabi Is Bringing Nigerian Culture to the World, One Music Video at a Time |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-nigeria-music-video/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=okayafrica}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Steven |first=Rachael |date=24 July 2020 |title=WHAT WOULD I CHANGE: DIRECTOR MEJI ALABI |url=https://www.creativereview.co.uk/what-would-i-change-director-meji-alabi/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=CreativeReview}}</ref> == Sana'a == A shekarar 2014, Alabi ya kafa JM Films tare da Jimi Adesanya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 February 2021 |title=Director Meji Alabi, Black Dog Films Draw The Line Against Malaria |url=https://www.shootonline.com/video/director-meji-alabi-black-dog-films-draw-line-against-malaria |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=shootonline}}</ref> JM Films (wani reshe na Unbound Studios) kamfani ne na ayyukan watsa labarai da shirye-shirye wanda ya ƙware a fannin zane-zane masu ƙirƙira, bidiyon kiɗa, tallace-tallace, fina-finai da talabijin kuma yana zaune a Legas, Najeriya. Shi ne kuma wanda ya kafa Priorgold Pictures wanda wani kamfani ne na shirya fina-finai da ke Legas, Najeriya wanda aka ƙirƙira don biyan buƙatun masana'antar nishaɗi ta hanyar samar da kayan aiki da ma'aikata don aiwatar da abubuwan gani masu ƙirƙira. A shekarar 2014, ya jagoranci bidiyon waƙar 'Murda' wanda [[Seyi Shay]] ya rera tare da Patoranking, Shaydee . Nasarar wannan bidiyon ta jawo masa hankali sosai a masana'antar kiɗan Najeriya kuma an zaɓe shi a wannan shekarar a bikin bayar da kyaututtukan MTV Africa Music Awards don Mafi Kyawun Bidiyo. Haka kuma a shekarar 2014, ya jagoranci bidiyon waƙar 'Crazy' wanda [[Seyi Shay]] ya rera tare da [[Wizkid]] kuma an zaɓe shi a shekarar 2015 don Mafi Kyawun Bidiyon Waƙa na Shekara (Mai Zane da Darakta) a [[Nigeria Entertainment Awards|bikin bayar da kyaututtukan nishaɗi na Najeriya]] da kuma mafi kyawun bidiyon kiɗa a The Headies 2015 . A shekarar 2016, ya jagoranci bidiyon 'Kontrol' na Maleek Berry wanda ya nuna sabon salon da yake bi wajen jagorantar bidiyon wakoki ga fitattun mawakan Najeriya. A wannan shekarar, ya jagoranci 'Aje' wanda Alikiba ya rera, wanda ya lashe kyautar Mafi Kyawun Bidiyon Waƙa a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na Soundcity MVP a shekarar 2017. A shekarar 2018, Alabi ya jagoranci bidiyon waƙar [[Davido]] mai suna 'Assurance' a cikin fim ɗin 'A Good Time'. Tun daga shekarar 2018, Alabi ya yi aiki tare da [[Burna Boy]] a wasu ayyukansa. Ya ba da umarni ga Pull Up, On The Low, da Gum Body tare da Jorja Smith daga kundin wakokin Burna Boy mai suna 'African Giant'. Meji ya kuma ba da umarni ga bidiyon Way Too Big, Wonderful, Monsters You Made wanda ya nuna [[Chris Martin]] da Real Life tare da Stormzy daga kundin wakokin 'Twice As Tall'. Ya kuma yi aiki tare da [[Wizkid]] a cikin kundin wakokin Made in Lagos, kuma yana da jagoranci a cikin bidiyon wakokin Ginger tare da [[Burna Boy]], No Stress da Smile tare da HER. A shekarar 2020, Alabi ya yi aiki a matsayin furodusa tare da Jimi Adesanya a fim ɗin Najeriya na Black Is King wanda Beyonce Knowles-Carter ta shirya. Ya kuma yi aiki tare da Ibra Ake da Jenn Nkiru don yin bidiyon waƙar ' Brown Skin Girl ' wadda ta lashe kyautar Grammy, wanda aka yaba masa a matsayin mataimakin darakta. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Haring |first=Bruce |date=19 July 2020 |title=Beyoncé's 'Black Is King' Visual Album Releases First Full Trailer And Key Art |url=https://deadline.com/video/beyonces-black-is-king-trailer-key-art/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=deadline}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 June 2020 |title=Meji Alabi, Muhammad Atta & Other Nigerian Creatives who Created Magic on Beyoncè's "Black Is King" |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/06/nigerian-creatives-black-is-king/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=bellanaija}}</ref> A shekarar 2021, Alabi ya yi aiki tare da Black Dog Films a matsayin darektan aikin gani na kamfen ɗin 'Zero Malaria: Draw The Line Against Malaria'. Wannan ƙungiya ta ƙunshi 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Najeriya kuma mai ba da agaji [[Omotola Jalade Ekeinde|Omotola Jalade-Ekeinde]], 'yar wasan kwaikwayo kuma 'yar kasuwa Osas Ighodaro, wacce ta lashe lambar zinare ta Olympics ta Kenya kuma mai riƙe da rikodin duniya na marathon Eliud Kipchoge, mai binciken Afirka ta Kudu kuma mai hawa dutse Saray Khumalo, mai zane-zanen Najeriya Laolu Senbanjo a halin yanzu kyaftin ɗin ƙungiyar Rugby ta ƙasa ta Afirka ta Kudu Siya Kolisi, da kuma mai tsara rawa ta Rwanda-Britaniya Sherrie Silver . Alabi ya jagoranci kuma ya rubuta fim ɗinsa na farko mai suna ''Water and Garri'', wanda [[Tiwa Savage]] ta fito a ciki kuma aka fitar a shekarar 2024. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Nelson |first=C.J. |title=In Tiwa Savage’s ‘Water and Garri,’ Meji Alabi Finds a Fresh Directorial Perspective - Okayplayer |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-water-and-garri/ |access-date=2024-12-04 |website=www.okayafrica.com |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFNelson">Nelson, C.J. [https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-water-and-garri/ "In Tiwa Savage's 'Water and Garri,' Meji Alabi Finds a Fresh Directorial Perspective - Okayplayer"]. ''www.okayafrica.com''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-12-04</span></span>.</cite></ref> A shekarar 2026, ya jagoranci shirin [[Documentary film|fim mai suna]] ''Surviving Biafra: Voices from the Nigerian Civil War'', wanda ke binciko [[Yaƙin basasan Najeriya|yakin basasar Najeriya]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ford |first=Tamasin |date=June 1, 2026 |title=Meji Alabi, Grammy-winning director, explores his Nigerian grandfather’s role in the Biafran war for BBC Africa Eye |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c8r826465dko |access-date=2026-06-01 |website=[[BBC Africa Eye]] |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Bidiyo == {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" ! scope="col" |Title ! scope="col" |Year ! scope="col" |Artist(s) ! class="unsortable" scope="col" |{{Abbr|Ref(s)|Reference(s)}} |- |"Murda" | rowspan="1" |2014 |[[Seyi Shay]] (feat. Patoranking & Shaydee) | |- |"Crazy" | rowspan="5" |2015 |[[Seyi Shay]] (feat. [[Wizkid]]) | |- |"Satan Be Gone" |Asa | |- |"Eyo" |Asa | |- |"Right Now" |[[Seyi Shay]] | |- |"Never Gonna Stop" |Niyola | |- |"Kontrol" | rowspan="2" |2016 |Maleek Berry | |- |"Aje" |Alikiba | |- |"For Life" | rowspan="7" |2017 |Runtown | |- |"Ma Lo" |[[Tiwa Savage]] (feat. [[Wizkid]]) | |- |"All Night" |Yungen (feat. Mr Eazi) | |- |"Unstable" |Zak Abel | |- |"Been Callin" |Maleek Berry | |- |"All Night" |Yungen | |- |"Sugarcane" |Tiwa Savage | |- |"Check" | rowspan="13" |2018 |Kojo Funds (feat. Raye) | |- |"Space For Two" |Mr. Probz | |- |"Property" |Mr Eazi | |- |"Fever" |[[Wizkid]] | |- |"Get It Now Remix" |[[Tiwa Savage]] ( feat. Omarion) | |- |"Assurance" |[[Davido]] | |- |"On The Low" |[[Burna Boy]] | |- |"Dun Rich" |Popcaan (feat.[[Davido]]) | |- |"Pon My Mind" |Maleek Berry | |- |"Jungle" |Nasty C | |- |"Energy" |Skepta & [[Wizkid]] | |- |"No Crime" |Nonso Amadi | |- |"London Town" |Mr Eazi feat. Giggs | |- |"Take Over" | |Beatfreakz feat. Mr Eazi, Seyi Shay, Shakka, | |- |"Dis Love" | rowspan="10" |2019 |DJ Spinall (feat. Wizkid & Tiwa Savage) | |- |"Sweet in the Middle" |[[Davido]](feat. Naira Marley, Zlatan Ibile & Wurld) | |- |"Pull Up" |Burna Boy | |- |"Risky" |[[Davido]] (feat. Popcaan) | |- |"Traffic Jam" |Banx+Ranx feat. Kojo Funds | |- |"Gum Body" |[[Burna Boy]] (feat. Jorja Smith) | |- |"49-99" |Tiwa Savage | |- |"Zulu Screams" |Goldlink | |- |"Body Deep" |Wavy The Creator | |- |"Hold Me Down" |Eugy feat. Wavy The Creator | |- |"Wonderful" | rowspan="13" |2020 |Burna Boy | |- |"4AM" |Manny Norte | |- |"Dangerous Love" |Tiwa Savage | |- |"Cause A Commotion" |Bugzy Malone feat. Skip Marley | |- |"Cool As A Breeze" |Chronixx | |- |"Monsters You Made" |Burna Boy feat. Chris Martins | |- |"Cool Me Down" |DJ Tunez (feat. Wizkid) | |- |"Way Too Big" |Burna Boy | |- |"Kini Issue" |Runtown | |- |"No Stress" |Wizkid | |- |"Smile" |Wizkid (feat. H.E.R) | |- |"Lento" |Mr Eazi (feat. J Balvin) | |- |"Real Life" |Burna Boy feat. Stormzy | |- |"Ginger" |2021 |Wizkid (feat. Burna Boy) | |- |"Hide n' Seek" |2022 |Stormzy | |- |"Aboboyaa" | rowspan="3" |2023 |Popcaan (feat. Burna Boy) | |- |"Party Girls" |Victoria Monét (feat. Buju Banton) | |- |"My Love" |Leigh-Anne (feat. Ayra Starr) | |} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] ffsk4ztt9uv3xa620mow62vea5dzyrv 878562 878561 2026-07-07T14:56:45Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358073957|Meji Alabi]]" 878562 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Meji Alabi''' ( listen ⓘ ; an haife shi a ranar 13 ga Disamba 1988) fitaccen mai shirya fina-finai ne [['Yan Najeriya na Burtaniya|na Najeriya-Birtaniya]], darakta, mai daukar hoto kuma furodusa. Darakta ne kuma ya yi aiki tare da [[Beyoncé|Beyonce]], <ref name=":142">{{Cite web |title=A N T I on Instagram: "Black Is King, a film by @beyonce.⁣ Super pumped to have played our part on the Nigerian chapter of this film 🧡 alongside amazing…" |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CCCPpchjO_r/ |url-access=registration |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/instagram/anti.design/2342503575009947627 |archive-date=2021-12-26 |access-date=2020-07-11 |website=[[Instagram]] |language=en}}</ref> [[Burna Boy]], <ref>{{Cite web |last=Hahn |first=Rachel |date=21 August 2019 |title=Burna Boy Proves He's Nigeria's Most Stylish Musician in His New Video |url=https://www.vogue.com/article/burna-boy-pull-up-nigeria-new-music-video-african-giant |access-date=13 May 2021 |website=[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]}}</ref> [[Wizkid]], [ <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 February 2019 |title=Meji Alabi: Tales of an "Experience Junkie" |url=https://www.lbbonline.com/news/meji-alabi-tales-of-an-experience-junkie |access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2021 |title=Runtown and director Meji Alabi go virtual this weekend |url=https://www.voice-online.co.uk/entertainment/2021/04/23/runtown-and-director-meji-alabi-go-virtual-this-weekend/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=voice-online}}</ref> [[Davido]], [[Tiwa Savage]], Popcaan, Goldlink, Koffee da Nasty C. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 May 2019 |title=WATCH THE MEJI ALABI DIRECTED VIDEO FOR GOLDLINK AND MALEEK BERRY'S 'ZULU SCREAMS' |url=https://culturecustodian.com/watch-the-meji-alabi-video-for-goldlink-and-maleek-berrys-zulu-screams/ |access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref> Ya shirya fim ɗinsa na farko a shekarar 2024, ''Water and Garri'', wanda Tiwa Savage ta fito a ciki. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Nelson |first=C.J. |title=In Tiwa Savage’s ‘Water and Garri,’ Meji Alabi Finds a Fresh Directorial Perspective - Okayplayer |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-water-and-garri/ |access-date=2024-12-04 |website=www.okayafrica.com |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Meji a ranar 13 ga Disamba, 1988, a Landan, kuma ya shafe tsawon lokacin ƙuruciyarsa yana ƙaura tare da mahaifinsa bayan rabuwar iyayensa a 1989. Ya yi yawo tsakanin London, [[Bahamas]], da Texas, Amurka. Ya halarci Makarantar Tsakiya ta Spring Forest da Makarantar Sakandare ta Stratford duka a [[Houston|Houston, Texas]] . Meji Alabi ya kammala karatunsa daga Jami'ar Yammacin London da digiri na farko a fannin Lissafi da Kuɗi, kuma yana da digirin Lasisi na Aikin Jinya daga Kwalejin St. Phillips da ke [[San Antonio|San Antonio, Texas]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kpade |first=Sabo |date=16 February 2021 |title=Interview: Meji Alabi Is Bringing Nigerian Culture to the World, One Music Video at a Time |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-nigeria-music-video/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=okayafrica}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Steven |first=Rachael |date=24 July 2020 |title=WHAT WOULD I CHANGE: DIRECTOR MEJI ALABI |url=https://www.creativereview.co.uk/what-would-i-change-director-meji-alabi/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=CreativeReview}}</ref> == Sana'a == A shekarar 2014, Alabi ya kafa JM Films tare da Jimi Adesanya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 February 2021 |title=Director Meji Alabi, Black Dog Films Draw The Line Against Malaria |url=https://www.shootonline.com/video/director-meji-alabi-black-dog-films-draw-line-against-malaria |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=shootonline}}</ref> JM Films (wani reshe na Unbound Studios) kamfani ne na ayyukan watsa labarai da shirye-shirye wanda ya ƙware a fannin zane-zane masu ƙirƙira, bidiyon kiɗa, tallace-tallace, fina-finai da talabijin kuma yana zaune a Legas, Najeriya. Shi ne kuma wanda ya kafa Priorgold Pictures wanda wani kamfani ne na shirya fina-finai da ke Legas, Najeriya wanda aka ƙirƙira don biyan buƙatun masana'antar nishaɗi ta hanyar samar da kayan aiki da ma'aikata don aiwatar da abubuwan gani masu ƙirƙira. A shekarar 2014, ya jagoranci bidiyon waƙar 'Murda' wanda [[Seyi Shay]] ya rera tare da Patoranking, Shaydee . Nasarar wannan bidiyon ta jawo masa hankali sosai a masana'antar kiɗan Najeriya kuma an zaɓe shi a wannan shekarar a bikin bayar da kyaututtukan MTV Africa Music Awards don Mafi Kyawun Bidiyo. Haka kuma a shekarar 2014, ya jagoranci bidiyon waƙar 'Crazy' wanda [[Seyi Shay]] ya rera tare da [[Wizkid]] kuma an zaɓe shi a shekarar 2015 don Mafi Kyawun Bidiyon Waƙa na Shekara (Mai Zane da Darakta) a [[Nigeria Entertainment Awards|bikin bayar da kyaututtukan nishaɗi na Najeriya]] da kuma mafi kyawun bidiyon kiɗa a The Headies 2015 . A shekarar 2016, ya jagoranci bidiyon 'Kontrol' na Maleek Berry wanda ya nuna sabon salon da yake bi wajen jagorantar bidiyon wakoki ga fitattun mawakan Najeriya. A wannan shekarar, ya jagoranci 'Aje' wanda Alikiba ya rera, wanda ya lashe kyautar Mafi Kyawun Bidiyon Waƙa a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na Soundcity MVP a shekarar 2017. A shekarar 2018, Alabi ya jagoranci bidiyon waƙar [[Davido]] mai suna 'Assurance' a cikin fim ɗin 'A Good Time'. Tun daga shekarar 2018, Alabi ya yi aiki tare da [[Burna Boy]] a wasu ayyukansa. Ya ba da umarni ga Pull Up, On The Low, da Gum Body tare da Jorja Smith daga kundin wakokin Burna Boy mai suna 'African Giant'. Meji ya kuma ba da umarni ga bidiyon Way Too Big, Wonderful, Monsters You Made wanda ya nuna [[Chris Martin]] da Real Life tare da Stormzy daga kundin wakokin 'Twice As Tall'. Ya kuma yi aiki tare da [[Wizkid]] a cikin kundin wakokin Made in Lagos, kuma yana da jagoranci a cikin bidiyon wakokin Ginger tare da [[Burna Boy]], No Stress da Smile tare da HER. A shekarar 2020, Alabi ya yi aiki a matsayin furodusa tare da Jimi Adesanya a fim ɗin Najeriya na Black Is King wanda Beyonce Knowles-Carter ta shirya. Ya kuma yi aiki tare da Ibra Ake da Jenn Nkiru don yin bidiyon waƙar ' Brown Skin Girl ' wadda ta lashe kyautar Grammy, wanda aka yaba masa a matsayin mataimakin darakta. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Haring |first=Bruce |date=19 July 2020 |title=Beyoncé's 'Black Is King' Visual Album Releases First Full Trailer And Key Art |url=https://deadline.com/video/beyonces-black-is-king-trailer-key-art/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=deadline}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 June 2020 |title=Meji Alabi, Muhammad Atta & Other Nigerian Creatives who Created Magic on Beyoncè's "Black Is King" |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/06/nigerian-creatives-black-is-king/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=bellanaija}}</ref> A shekarar 2021, Alabi ya yi aiki tare da Black Dog Films a matsayin darektan aikin gani na kamfen ɗin 'Zero Malaria: Draw The Line Against Malaria'. Wannan ƙungiya ta ƙunshi 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Najeriya kuma mai ba da agaji [[Omotola Jalade Ekeinde|Omotola Jalade-Ekeinde]], 'yar wasan kwaikwayo kuma 'yar kasuwa Osas Ighodaro, wacce ta lashe lambar zinare ta Olympics ta Kenya kuma mai riƙe da rikodin duniya na marathon Eliud Kipchoge, mai binciken Afirka ta Kudu kuma mai hawa dutse Saray Khumalo, mai zane-zanen Najeriya Laolu Senbanjo a halin yanzu kyaftin ɗin ƙungiyar Rugby ta ƙasa ta Afirka ta Kudu Siya Kolisi, da kuma mai tsara rawa ta Rwanda-Britaniya Sherrie Silver . Alabi ya jagoranci kuma ya rubuta fim ɗinsa na farko mai suna ''Water and Garri'', wanda [[Tiwa Savage]] ta fito a ciki kuma aka fitar a shekarar 2024. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Nelson |first=C.J. |title=In Tiwa Savage’s ‘Water and Garri,’ Meji Alabi Finds a Fresh Directorial Perspective - Okayplayer |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-water-and-garri/ |access-date=2024-12-04 |website=www.okayafrica.com |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFNelson">Nelson, C.J. [https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-water-and-garri/ "In Tiwa Savage's 'Water and Garri,' Meji Alabi Finds a Fresh Directorial Perspective - Okayplayer"]. ''www.okayafrica.com''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-12-04</span></span>.</cite></ref> A shekarar 2026, ya jagoranci shirin [[Documentary film|fim mai suna]] ''Surviving Biafra: Voices from the Nigerian Civil War'', wanda ke binciko [[Yaƙin basasan Najeriya|yakin basasar Najeriya]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ford |first=Tamasin |date=June 1, 2026 |title=Meji Alabi, Grammy-winning director, explores his Nigerian grandfather’s role in the Biafran war for BBC Africa Eye |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c8r826465dko |access-date=2026-06-01 |website=[[BBC Africa Eye]] |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Bidiyo == {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" ! scope="col" |Title ! scope="col" |Year ! scope="col" |Artist(s) ! class="unsortable" scope="col" |{{Abbr|Ref(s)|Reference(s)}} |- |"Murda" | rowspan="1" |2014 |[[Seyi Shay]] (feat. Patoranking & Shaydee) | |- |"Crazy" | rowspan="5" |2015 |[[Seyi Shay]] (feat. [[Wizkid]]) | |- |"Satan Be Gone" |Asa | |- |"Eyo" |Asa | |- |"Right Now" |[[Seyi Shay]] | |- |"Never Gonna Stop" |Niyola | |- |"Kontrol" | rowspan="2" |2016 |Maleek Berry | |- |"Aje" |Alikiba | |- |"For Life" | rowspan="7" |2017 |Runtown | |- |"Ma Lo" |[[Tiwa Savage]] (feat. [[Wizkid]]) | |- |"All Night" |Yungen (feat. Mr Eazi) | |- |"Unstable" |Zak Abel | |- |"Been Callin" |Maleek Berry | |- |"All Night" |Yungen | |- |"Sugarcane" |Tiwa Savage | |- |"Check" | rowspan="13" |2018 |Kojo Funds (feat. Raye) | |- |"Space For Two" |Mr. Probz | |- |"Property" |Mr Eazi | |- |"Fever" |[[Wizkid]] | |- |"Get It Now Remix" |[[Tiwa Savage]] ( feat. Omarion) | |- |"Assurance" |[[Davido]] | |- |"On The Low" |[[Burna Boy]] | |- |"Dun Rich" |Popcaan (feat.[[Davido]]) | |- |"Pon My Mind" |Maleek Berry | |- |"Jungle" |Nasty C | |- |"Energy" |Skepta & [[Wizkid]] | |- |"No Crime" |Nonso Amadi | |- |"London Town" |Mr Eazi feat. Giggs | |- |"Take Over" | |Beatfreakz feat. Mr Eazi, Seyi Shay, Shakka, | |- |"Dis Love" | rowspan="10" |2019 |DJ Spinall (feat. Wizkid & Tiwa Savage) | |- |"Sweet in the Middle" |[[Davido]](feat. Naira Marley, Zlatan Ibile & Wurld) | |- |"Pull Up" |Burna Boy | |- |"Risky" |[[Davido]] (feat. Popcaan) | |- |"Traffic Jam" |Banx+Ranx feat. Kojo Funds | |- |"Gum Body" |[[Burna Boy]] (feat. Jorja Smith) | |- |"49-99" |Tiwa Savage | |- |"Zulu Screams" |Goldlink | |- |"Body Deep" |Wavy The Creator | |- |"Hold Me Down" |Eugy feat. Wavy The Creator | |- |"Wonderful" | rowspan="13" |2020 |Burna Boy | |- |"4AM" |Manny Norte | |- |"Dangerous Love" |Tiwa Savage | |- |"Cause A Commotion" |Bugzy Malone feat. Skip Marley | |- |"Cool As A Breeze" |Chronixx | |- |"Monsters You Made" |Burna Boy feat. Chris Martins | |- |"Cool Me Down" |DJ Tunez (feat. Wizkid) | |- |"Way Too Big" |Burna Boy | |- |"Kini Issue" |Runtown | |- |"No Stress" |Wizkid | |- |"Smile" |Wizkid (feat. H.E.R) | |- |"Lento" |Mr Eazi (feat. J Balvin) | |- |"Real Life" |Burna Boy feat. Stormzy | |- |"Ginger" |2021 |Wizkid (feat. Burna Boy) | |- |"Hide n' Seek" |2022 |Stormzy | |- |"Aboboyaa" | rowspan="3" |2023 |Popcaan (feat. Burna Boy) | |- |"Party Girls" |Victoria Monét (feat. Buju Banton) | |- |"My Love" |Leigh-Anne (feat. Ayra Starr) | |} == Lambobin yabo da nadin mukamai == <templatestyles src="Module:Message box/ambox.css"></templatestyles> [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] f3539yecdd41efas0lzed9bhyqjgbwr 878563 878562 2026-07-07T14:57:07Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358073957|Meji Alabi]]" 878563 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Meji Alabi''' ( listen ⓘ ; an haife shi a ranar 13 ga Disamba 1988) fitaccen mai shirya fina-finai ne [['Yan Najeriya na Burtaniya|na Najeriya-Birtaniya]], darakta, mai daukar hoto kuma furodusa. Darakta ne kuma ya yi aiki tare da [[Beyoncé|Beyonce]], <ref name=":142">{{Cite web |title=A N T I on Instagram: "Black Is King, a film by @beyonce.⁣ Super pumped to have played our part on the Nigerian chapter of this film 🧡 alongside amazing…" |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CCCPpchjO_r/ |url-access=registration |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/instagram/anti.design/2342503575009947627 |archive-date=2021-12-26 |access-date=2020-07-11 |website=[[Instagram]] |language=en}}</ref> [[Burna Boy]], <ref>{{Cite web |last=Hahn |first=Rachel |date=21 August 2019 |title=Burna Boy Proves He's Nigeria's Most Stylish Musician in His New Video |url=https://www.vogue.com/article/burna-boy-pull-up-nigeria-new-music-video-african-giant |access-date=13 May 2021 |website=[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]}}</ref> [[Wizkid]], [ <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 February 2019 |title=Meji Alabi: Tales of an "Experience Junkie" |url=https://www.lbbonline.com/news/meji-alabi-tales-of-an-experience-junkie |access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2021 |title=Runtown and director Meji Alabi go virtual this weekend |url=https://www.voice-online.co.uk/entertainment/2021/04/23/runtown-and-director-meji-alabi-go-virtual-this-weekend/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=voice-online}}</ref> [[Davido]], [[Tiwa Savage]], Popcaan, Goldlink, Koffee da Nasty C. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 May 2019 |title=WATCH THE MEJI ALABI DIRECTED VIDEO FOR GOLDLINK AND MALEEK BERRY'S 'ZULU SCREAMS' |url=https://culturecustodian.com/watch-the-meji-alabi-video-for-goldlink-and-maleek-berrys-zulu-screams/ |access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref> Ya shirya fim ɗinsa na farko a shekarar 2024, ''Water and Garri'', wanda Tiwa Savage ta fito a ciki. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Nelson |first=C.J. |title=In Tiwa Savage’s ‘Water and Garri,’ Meji Alabi Finds a Fresh Directorial Perspective - Okayplayer |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-water-and-garri/ |access-date=2024-12-04 |website=www.okayafrica.com |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Meji a ranar 13 ga Disamba, 1988, a Landan, kuma ya shafe tsawon lokacin ƙuruciyarsa yana ƙaura tare da mahaifinsa bayan rabuwar iyayensa a 1989. Ya yi yawo tsakanin London, [[Bahamas]], da Texas, Amurka. Ya halarci Makarantar Tsakiya ta Spring Forest da Makarantar Sakandare ta Stratford duka a [[Houston|Houston, Texas]] . Meji Alabi ya kammala karatunsa daga Jami'ar Yammacin London da digiri na farko a fannin Lissafi da Kuɗi, kuma yana da digirin Lasisi na Aikin Jinya daga Kwalejin St. Phillips da ke [[San Antonio|San Antonio, Texas]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kpade |first=Sabo |date=16 February 2021 |title=Interview: Meji Alabi Is Bringing Nigerian Culture to the World, One Music Video at a Time |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-nigeria-music-video/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=okayafrica}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Steven |first=Rachael |date=24 July 2020 |title=WHAT WOULD I CHANGE: DIRECTOR MEJI ALABI |url=https://www.creativereview.co.uk/what-would-i-change-director-meji-alabi/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=CreativeReview}}</ref> == Sana'a == A shekarar 2014, Alabi ya kafa JM Films tare da Jimi Adesanya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 February 2021 |title=Director Meji Alabi, Black Dog Films Draw The Line Against Malaria |url=https://www.shootonline.com/video/director-meji-alabi-black-dog-films-draw-line-against-malaria |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=shootonline}}</ref> JM Films (wani reshe na Unbound Studios) kamfani ne na ayyukan watsa labarai da shirye-shirye wanda ya ƙware a fannin zane-zane masu ƙirƙira, bidiyon kiɗa, tallace-tallace, fina-finai da talabijin kuma yana zaune a Legas, Najeriya. Shi ne kuma wanda ya kafa Priorgold Pictures wanda wani kamfani ne na shirya fina-finai da ke Legas, Najeriya wanda aka ƙirƙira don biyan buƙatun masana'antar nishaɗi ta hanyar samar da kayan aiki da ma'aikata don aiwatar da abubuwan gani masu ƙirƙira. A shekarar 2014, ya jagoranci bidiyon waƙar 'Murda' wanda [[Seyi Shay]] ya rera tare da Patoranking, Shaydee . Nasarar wannan bidiyon ta jawo masa hankali sosai a masana'antar kiɗan Najeriya kuma an zaɓe shi a wannan shekarar a bikin bayar da kyaututtukan MTV Africa Music Awards don Mafi Kyawun Bidiyo. Haka kuma a shekarar 2014, ya jagoranci bidiyon waƙar 'Crazy' wanda [[Seyi Shay]] ya rera tare da [[Wizkid]] kuma an zaɓe shi a shekarar 2015 don Mafi Kyawun Bidiyon Waƙa na Shekara (Mai Zane da Darakta) a [[Nigeria Entertainment Awards|bikin bayar da kyaututtukan nishaɗi na Najeriya]] da kuma mafi kyawun bidiyon kiɗa a The Headies 2015 . A shekarar 2016, ya jagoranci bidiyon 'Kontrol' na Maleek Berry wanda ya nuna sabon salon da yake bi wajen jagorantar bidiyon wakoki ga fitattun mawakan Najeriya. A wannan shekarar, ya jagoranci 'Aje' wanda Alikiba ya rera, wanda ya lashe kyautar Mafi Kyawun Bidiyon Waƙa a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na Soundcity MVP a shekarar 2017. A shekarar 2018, Alabi ya jagoranci bidiyon waƙar [[Davido]] mai suna 'Assurance' a cikin fim ɗin 'A Good Time'. Tun daga shekarar 2018, Alabi ya yi aiki tare da [[Burna Boy]] a wasu ayyukansa. Ya ba da umarni ga Pull Up, On The Low, da Gum Body tare da Jorja Smith daga kundin wakokin Burna Boy mai suna 'African Giant'. Meji ya kuma ba da umarni ga bidiyon Way Too Big, Wonderful, Monsters You Made wanda ya nuna [[Chris Martin]] da Real Life tare da Stormzy daga kundin wakokin 'Twice As Tall'. Ya kuma yi aiki tare da [[Wizkid]] a cikin kundin wakokin Made in Lagos, kuma yana da jagoranci a cikin bidiyon wakokin Ginger tare da [[Burna Boy]], No Stress da Smile tare da HER. A shekarar 2020, Alabi ya yi aiki a matsayin furodusa tare da Jimi Adesanya a fim ɗin Najeriya na Black Is King wanda Beyonce Knowles-Carter ta shirya. Ya kuma yi aiki tare da Ibra Ake da Jenn Nkiru don yin bidiyon waƙar ' Brown Skin Girl ' wadda ta lashe kyautar Grammy, wanda aka yaba masa a matsayin mataimakin darakta. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Haring |first=Bruce |date=19 July 2020 |title=Beyoncé's 'Black Is King' Visual Album Releases First Full Trailer And Key Art |url=https://deadline.com/video/beyonces-black-is-king-trailer-key-art/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=deadline}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 June 2020 |title=Meji Alabi, Muhammad Atta & Other Nigerian Creatives who Created Magic on Beyoncè's "Black Is King" |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/06/nigerian-creatives-black-is-king/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=bellanaija}}</ref> A shekarar 2021, Alabi ya yi aiki tare da Black Dog Films a matsayin darektan aikin gani na kamfen ɗin 'Zero Malaria: Draw The Line Against Malaria'. Wannan ƙungiya ta ƙunshi 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Najeriya kuma mai ba da agaji [[Omotola Jalade Ekeinde|Omotola Jalade-Ekeinde]], 'yar wasan kwaikwayo kuma 'yar kasuwa Osas Ighodaro, wacce ta lashe lambar zinare ta Olympics ta Kenya kuma mai riƙe da rikodin duniya na marathon Eliud Kipchoge, mai binciken Afirka ta Kudu kuma mai hawa dutse Saray Khumalo, mai zane-zanen Najeriya Laolu Senbanjo a halin yanzu kyaftin ɗin ƙungiyar Rugby ta ƙasa ta Afirka ta Kudu Siya Kolisi, da kuma mai tsara rawa ta Rwanda-Britaniya Sherrie Silver . Alabi ya jagoranci kuma ya rubuta fim ɗinsa na farko mai suna ''Water and Garri'', wanda [[Tiwa Savage]] ta fito a ciki kuma aka fitar a shekarar 2024. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Nelson |first=C.J. |title=In Tiwa Savage’s ‘Water and Garri,’ Meji Alabi Finds a Fresh Directorial Perspective - Okayplayer |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-water-and-garri/ |access-date=2024-12-04 |website=www.okayafrica.com |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFNelson">Nelson, C.J. [https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-water-and-garri/ "In Tiwa Savage's 'Water and Garri,' Meji Alabi Finds a Fresh Directorial Perspective - Okayplayer"]. ''www.okayafrica.com''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-12-04</span></span>.</cite></ref> A shekarar 2026, ya jagoranci shirin [[Documentary film|fim mai suna]] ''Surviving Biafra: Voices from the Nigerian Civil War'', wanda ke binciko [[Yaƙin basasan Najeriya|yakin basasar Najeriya]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ford |first=Tamasin |date=June 1, 2026 |title=Meji Alabi, Grammy-winning director, explores his Nigerian grandfather’s role in the Biafran war for BBC Africa Eye |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c8r826465dko |access-date=2026-06-01 |website=[[BBC Africa Eye]] |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Bidiyo == {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" ! scope="col" |Title ! scope="col" |Year ! scope="col" |Artist(s) ! class="unsortable" scope="col" |{{Abbr|Ref(s)|Reference(s)}} |- |"Murda" | rowspan="1" |2014 |[[Seyi Shay]] (feat. Patoranking & Shaydee) | |- |"Crazy" | rowspan="5" |2015 |[[Seyi Shay]] (feat. [[Wizkid]]) | |- |"Satan Be Gone" |Asa | |- |"Eyo" |Asa | |- |"Right Now" |[[Seyi Shay]] | |- |"Never Gonna Stop" |Niyola | |- |"Kontrol" | rowspan="2" |2016 |Maleek Berry | |- |"Aje" |Alikiba | |- |"For Life" | rowspan="7" |2017 |Runtown | |- |"Ma Lo" |[[Tiwa Savage]] (feat. [[Wizkid]]) | |- |"All Night" |Yungen (feat. Mr Eazi) | |- |"Unstable" |Zak Abel | |- |"Been Callin" |Maleek Berry | |- |"All Night" |Yungen | |- |"Sugarcane" |Tiwa Savage | |- |"Check" | rowspan="13" |2018 |Kojo Funds (feat. Raye) | |- |"Space For Two" |Mr. Probz | |- |"Property" |Mr Eazi | |- |"Fever" |[[Wizkid]] | |- |"Get It Now Remix" |[[Tiwa Savage]] ( feat. Omarion) | |- |"Assurance" |[[Davido]] | |- |"On The Low" |[[Burna Boy]] | |- |"Dun Rich" |Popcaan (feat.[[Davido]]) | |- |"Pon My Mind" |Maleek Berry | |- |"Jungle" |Nasty C | |- |"Energy" |Skepta & [[Wizkid]] | |- |"No Crime" |Nonso Amadi | |- |"London Town" |Mr Eazi feat. Giggs | |- |"Take Over" | |Beatfreakz feat. Mr Eazi, Seyi Shay, Shakka, | |- |"Dis Love" | rowspan="10" |2019 |DJ Spinall (feat. Wizkid & Tiwa Savage) | |- |"Sweet in the Middle" |[[Davido]](feat. Naira Marley, Zlatan Ibile & Wurld) | |- |"Pull Up" |Burna Boy | |- |"Risky" |[[Davido]] (feat. Popcaan) | |- |"Traffic Jam" |Banx+Ranx feat. Kojo Funds | |- |"Gum Body" |[[Burna Boy]] (feat. Jorja Smith) | |- |"49-99" |Tiwa Savage | |- |"Zulu Screams" |Goldlink | |- |"Body Deep" |Wavy The Creator | |- |"Hold Me Down" |Eugy feat. Wavy The Creator | |- |"Wonderful" | rowspan="13" |2020 |Burna Boy | |- |"4AM" |Manny Norte | |- |"Dangerous Love" |Tiwa Savage | |- |"Cause A Commotion" |Bugzy Malone feat. Skip Marley | |- |"Cool As A Breeze" |Chronixx | |- |"Monsters You Made" |Burna Boy feat. Chris Martins | |- |"Cool Me Down" |DJ Tunez (feat. Wizkid) | |- |"Way Too Big" |Burna Boy | |- |"Kini Issue" |Runtown | |- |"No Stress" |Wizkid | |- |"Smile" |Wizkid (feat. H.E.R) | |- |"Lento" |Mr Eazi (feat. J Balvin) | |- |"Real Life" |Burna Boy feat. Stormzy | |- |"Ginger" |2021 |Wizkid (feat. Burna Boy) | |- |"Hide n' Seek" |2022 |Stormzy | |- |"Aboboyaa" | rowspan="3" |2023 |Popcaan (feat. Burna Boy) | |- |"Party Girls" |Victoria Monét (feat. Buju Banton) | |- |"My Love" |Leigh-Anne (feat. Ayra Starr) | |} == Tallace-tallace == {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" ! scope="col" |Lakabi ! scope="col" | Shekara ! scope="col" | Alamar(s) ! class="unsortable" scope="col" | {{Abbr|Ref(s)|Reference(s)}} |- | "Mai Likitan Zane" | 2016 | Hadaddun abubuwa da Selfridges | |- | "Bangano" | 2017 | Tigo Nipa | |- | "S4" | rowspan="2" | 2018 | Infinix | |- | "Makon Salo" | GTB | |- | "Kamfen ɗin ƙaddamar da kyau" | rowspan="5" | 2019 | UOMA | |- | "Autism: Uwa ta sani" | GTB | |- | "Abinci da Abin Sha" | GTB | |- | "Fashion Shi ne 'Yanci" | GTB | |- | "Lamba ta 5" | Infinix | |- | "Baƙi Yana Haskakawa Mafi Haske" | 2021 | Guinness | |- | "Kada Ka Daina Buri" | 2021 | OREO | |- | "Manyan Rangwame: Abincin Rana" | 2022 | KFC | |- | "Manyan Rangwame: Talata" | 2022 | KFC | |- | "Tayoyin Horarwa" | 2022 | Toyota | |- | "An Yi Don Motsawa" | 2022 | Cadillac | |- | "Abincin Abinci Mai Daɗi" | 2023 | Fanta | |- | "Kawai ƙara sifili" | 2023 | Coca-Cola | |} == Lambobin yabo da nadin mukamai == <templatestyles src="Module:Message box/ambox.css"></templatestyles> [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] qnxmi6qwpuyy8yr9d0wgwgv2mcvwx3b 878564 878563 2026-07-07T14:57:42Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358073957|Meji Alabi]]" 878564 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Meji Alabi''' ( listen ⓘ ; an haife shi a ranar 13 ga Disamba 1988) fitaccen mai shirya fina-finai ne [['Yan Najeriya na Burtaniya|na Najeriya-Birtaniya]], darakta, mai daukar hoto kuma furodusa. Darakta ne kuma ya yi aiki tare da [[Beyoncé|Beyonce]], <ref name=":142">{{Cite web |title=A N T I on Instagram: "Black Is King, a film by @beyonce.⁣ Super pumped to have played our part on the Nigerian chapter of this film 🧡 alongside amazing…" |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CCCPpchjO_r/ |url-access=registration |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/instagram/anti.design/2342503575009947627 |archive-date=2021-12-26 |access-date=2020-07-11 |website=[[Instagram]] |language=en}}</ref> [[Burna Boy]], <ref>{{Cite web |last=Hahn |first=Rachel |date=21 August 2019 |title=Burna Boy Proves He's Nigeria's Most Stylish Musician in His New Video |url=https://www.vogue.com/article/burna-boy-pull-up-nigeria-new-music-video-african-giant |access-date=13 May 2021 |website=[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]}}</ref> [[Wizkid]], [ <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 February 2019 |title=Meji Alabi: Tales of an "Experience Junkie" |url=https://www.lbbonline.com/news/meji-alabi-tales-of-an-experience-junkie |access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2021 |title=Runtown and director Meji Alabi go virtual this weekend |url=https://www.voice-online.co.uk/entertainment/2021/04/23/runtown-and-director-meji-alabi-go-virtual-this-weekend/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=voice-online}}</ref> [[Davido]], [[Tiwa Savage]], Popcaan, Goldlink, Koffee da Nasty C. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 May 2019 |title=WATCH THE MEJI ALABI DIRECTED VIDEO FOR GOLDLINK AND MALEEK BERRY'S 'ZULU SCREAMS' |url=https://culturecustodian.com/watch-the-meji-alabi-video-for-goldlink-and-maleek-berrys-zulu-screams/ |access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref> Ya shirya fim ɗinsa na farko a shekarar 2024, ''Water and Garri'', wanda Tiwa Savage ta fito a ciki. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Nelson |first=C.J. |title=In Tiwa Savage’s ‘Water and Garri,’ Meji Alabi Finds a Fresh Directorial Perspective - Okayplayer |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-water-and-garri/ |access-date=2024-12-04 |website=www.okayafrica.com |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Meji a ranar 13 ga Disamba, 1988, a Landan, kuma ya shafe tsawon lokacin ƙuruciyarsa yana ƙaura tare da mahaifinsa bayan rabuwar iyayensa a 1989. Ya yi yawo tsakanin London, [[Bahamas]], da Texas, Amurka. Ya halarci Makarantar Tsakiya ta Spring Forest da Makarantar Sakandare ta Stratford duka a [[Houston|Houston, Texas]] . Meji Alabi ya kammala karatunsa daga Jami'ar Yammacin London da digiri na farko a fannin Lissafi da Kuɗi, kuma yana da digirin Lasisi na Aikin Jinya daga Kwalejin St. Phillips da ke [[San Antonio|San Antonio, Texas]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kpade |first=Sabo |date=16 February 2021 |title=Interview: Meji Alabi Is Bringing Nigerian Culture to the World, One Music Video at a Time |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-nigeria-music-video/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=okayafrica}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Steven |first=Rachael |date=24 July 2020 |title=WHAT WOULD I CHANGE: DIRECTOR MEJI ALABI |url=https://www.creativereview.co.uk/what-would-i-change-director-meji-alabi/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=CreativeReview}}</ref> == Sana'a == A shekarar 2014, Alabi ya kafa JM Films tare da Jimi Adesanya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 February 2021 |title=Director Meji Alabi, Black Dog Films Draw The Line Against Malaria |url=https://www.shootonline.com/video/director-meji-alabi-black-dog-films-draw-line-against-malaria |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=shootonline}}</ref> JM Films (wani reshe na Unbound Studios) kamfani ne na ayyukan watsa labarai da shirye-shirye wanda ya ƙware a fannin zane-zane masu ƙirƙira, bidiyon kiɗa, tallace-tallace, fina-finai da talabijin kuma yana zaune a Legas, Najeriya. Shi ne kuma wanda ya kafa Priorgold Pictures wanda wani kamfani ne na shirya fina-finai da ke Legas, Najeriya wanda aka ƙirƙira don biyan buƙatun masana'antar nishaɗi ta hanyar samar da kayan aiki da ma'aikata don aiwatar da abubuwan gani masu ƙirƙira. A shekarar 2014, ya jagoranci bidiyon waƙar 'Murda' wanda [[Seyi Shay]] ya rera tare da Patoranking, Shaydee . Nasarar wannan bidiyon ta jawo masa hankali sosai a masana'antar kiɗan Najeriya kuma an zaɓe shi a wannan shekarar a bikin bayar da kyaututtukan MTV Africa Music Awards don Mafi Kyawun Bidiyo. Haka kuma a shekarar 2014, ya jagoranci bidiyon waƙar 'Crazy' wanda [[Seyi Shay]] ya rera tare da [[Wizkid]] kuma an zaɓe shi a shekarar 2015 don Mafi Kyawun Bidiyon Waƙa na Shekara (Mai Zane da Darakta) a [[Nigeria Entertainment Awards|bikin bayar da kyaututtukan nishaɗi na Najeriya]] da kuma mafi kyawun bidiyon kiɗa a The Headies 2015 . A shekarar 2016, ya jagoranci bidiyon 'Kontrol' na Maleek Berry wanda ya nuna sabon salon da yake bi wajen jagorantar bidiyon wakoki ga fitattun mawakan Najeriya. A wannan shekarar, ya jagoranci 'Aje' wanda Alikiba ya rera, wanda ya lashe kyautar Mafi Kyawun Bidiyon Waƙa a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na Soundcity MVP a shekarar 2017. A shekarar 2018, Alabi ya jagoranci bidiyon waƙar [[Davido]] mai suna 'Assurance' a cikin fim ɗin 'A Good Time'. Tun daga shekarar 2018, Alabi ya yi aiki tare da [[Burna Boy]] a wasu ayyukansa. Ya ba da umarni ga Pull Up, On The Low, da Gum Body tare da Jorja Smith daga kundin wakokin Burna Boy mai suna 'African Giant'. Meji ya kuma ba da umarni ga bidiyon Way Too Big, Wonderful, Monsters You Made wanda ya nuna [[Chris Martin]] da Real Life tare da Stormzy daga kundin wakokin 'Twice As Tall'. Ya kuma yi aiki tare da [[Wizkid]] a cikin kundin wakokin Made in Lagos, kuma yana da jagoranci a cikin bidiyon wakokin Ginger tare da [[Burna Boy]], No Stress da Smile tare da HER. A shekarar 2020, Alabi ya yi aiki a matsayin furodusa tare da Jimi Adesanya a fim ɗin Najeriya na Black Is King wanda Beyonce Knowles-Carter ta shirya. Ya kuma yi aiki tare da Ibra Ake da Jenn Nkiru don yin bidiyon waƙar ' Brown Skin Girl ' wadda ta lashe kyautar Grammy, wanda aka yaba masa a matsayin mataimakin darakta. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Haring |first=Bruce |date=19 July 2020 |title=Beyoncé's 'Black Is King' Visual Album Releases First Full Trailer And Key Art |url=https://deadline.com/video/beyonces-black-is-king-trailer-key-art/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=deadline}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 June 2020 |title=Meji Alabi, Muhammad Atta & Other Nigerian Creatives who Created Magic on Beyoncè's "Black Is King" |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/06/nigerian-creatives-black-is-king/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=bellanaija}}</ref> A shekarar 2021, Alabi ya yi aiki tare da Black Dog Films a matsayin darektan aikin gani na kamfen ɗin 'Zero Malaria: Draw The Line Against Malaria'. Wannan ƙungiya ta ƙunshi 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Najeriya kuma mai ba da agaji [[Omotola Jalade Ekeinde|Omotola Jalade-Ekeinde]], 'yar wasan kwaikwayo kuma 'yar kasuwa Osas Ighodaro, wacce ta lashe lambar zinare ta Olympics ta Kenya kuma mai riƙe da rikodin duniya na marathon Eliud Kipchoge, mai binciken Afirka ta Kudu kuma mai hawa dutse Saray Khumalo, mai zane-zanen Najeriya Laolu Senbanjo a halin yanzu kyaftin ɗin ƙungiyar Rugby ta ƙasa ta Afirka ta Kudu Siya Kolisi, da kuma mai tsara rawa ta Rwanda-Britaniya Sherrie Silver . Alabi ya jagoranci kuma ya rubuta fim ɗinsa na farko mai suna ''Water and Garri'', wanda [[Tiwa Savage]] ta fito a ciki kuma aka fitar a shekarar 2024. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Nelson |first=C.J. |title=In Tiwa Savage’s ‘Water and Garri,’ Meji Alabi Finds a Fresh Directorial Perspective - Okayplayer |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-water-and-garri/ |access-date=2024-12-04 |website=www.okayafrica.com |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFNelson">Nelson, C.J. [https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-water-and-garri/ "In Tiwa Savage's 'Water and Garri,' Meji Alabi Finds a Fresh Directorial Perspective - Okayplayer"]. ''www.okayafrica.com''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-12-04</span></span>.</cite></ref> A shekarar 2026, ya jagoranci shirin [[Documentary film|fim mai suna]] ''Surviving Biafra: Voices from the Nigerian Civil War'', wanda ke binciko [[Yaƙin basasan Najeriya|yakin basasar Najeriya]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ford |first=Tamasin |date=June 1, 2026 |title=Meji Alabi, Grammy-winning director, explores his Nigerian grandfather’s role in the Biafran war for BBC Africa Eye |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c8r826465dko |access-date=2026-06-01 |website=[[BBC Africa Eye]] |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Bidiyo == {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" ! scope="col" |Title ! scope="col" |Year ! scope="col" |Artist(s) ! class="unsortable" scope="col" |{{Abbr|Ref(s)|Reference(s)}} |- |"Murda" | rowspan="1" |2014 |[[Seyi Shay]] (feat. Patoranking & Shaydee) | |- |"Crazy" | rowspan="5" |2015 |[[Seyi Shay]] (feat. [[Wizkid]]) | |- |"Satan Be Gone" |Asa | |- |"Eyo" |Asa | |- |"Right Now" |[[Seyi Shay]] | |- |"Never Gonna Stop" |Niyola | |- |"Kontrol" | rowspan="2" |2016 |Maleek Berry | |- |"Aje" |Alikiba | |- |"For Life" | rowspan="7" |2017 |Runtown | |- |"Ma Lo" |[[Tiwa Savage]] (feat. [[Wizkid]]) | |- |"All Night" |Yungen (feat. Mr Eazi) | |- |"Unstable" |Zak Abel | |- |"Been Callin" |Maleek Berry | |- |"All Night" |Yungen | |- |"Sugarcane" |Tiwa Savage | |- |"Check" | rowspan="13" |2018 |Kojo Funds (feat. Raye) | |- |"Space For Two" |Mr. Probz | |- |"Property" |Mr Eazi | |- |"Fever" |[[Wizkid]] | |- |"Get It Now Remix" |[[Tiwa Savage]] ( feat. Omarion) | |- |"Assurance" |[[Davido]] | |- |"On The Low" |[[Burna Boy]] | |- |"Dun Rich" |Popcaan (feat.[[Davido]]) | |- |"Pon My Mind" |Maleek Berry | |- |"Jungle" |Nasty C | |- |"Energy" |Skepta & [[Wizkid]] | |- |"No Crime" |Nonso Amadi | |- |"London Town" |Mr Eazi feat. Giggs | |- |"Take Over" | |Beatfreakz feat. Mr Eazi, Seyi Shay, Shakka, | |- |"Dis Love" | rowspan="10" |2019 |DJ Spinall (feat. Wizkid & Tiwa Savage) | |- |"Sweet in the Middle" |[[Davido]](feat. Naira Marley, Zlatan Ibile & Wurld) | |- |"Pull Up" |Burna Boy | |- |"Risky" |[[Davido]] (feat. Popcaan) | |- |"Traffic Jam" |Banx+Ranx feat. Kojo Funds | |- |"Gum Body" |[[Burna Boy]] (feat. Jorja Smith) | |- |"49-99" |Tiwa Savage | |- |"Zulu Screams" |Goldlink | |- |"Body Deep" |Wavy The Creator | |- |"Hold Me Down" |Eugy feat. Wavy The Creator | |- |"Wonderful" | rowspan="13" |2020 |Burna Boy | |- |"4AM" |Manny Norte | |- |"Dangerous Love" |Tiwa Savage | |- |"Cause A Commotion" |Bugzy Malone feat. Skip Marley | |- |"Cool As A Breeze" |Chronixx | |- |"Monsters You Made" |Burna Boy feat. Chris Martins | |- |"Cool Me Down" |DJ Tunez (feat. Wizkid) | |- |"Way Too Big" |Burna Boy | |- |"Kini Issue" |Runtown | |- |"No Stress" |Wizkid | |- |"Smile" |Wizkid (feat. H.E.R) | |- |"Lento" |Mr Eazi (feat. J Balvin) | |- |"Real Life" |Burna Boy feat. Stormzy | |- |"Ginger" |2021 |Wizkid (feat. Burna Boy) | |- |"Hide n' Seek" |2022 |Stormzy | |- |"Aboboyaa" | rowspan="3" |2023 |Popcaan (feat. Burna Boy) | |- |"Party Girls" |Victoria Monét (feat. Buju Banton) | |- |"My Love" |Leigh-Anne (feat. Ayra Starr) | |} == Tallace-tallace == {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" ! scope="col" |Lakabi ! scope="col" | Shekara ! scope="col" | Alamar(s) ! class="unsortable" scope="col" | {{Abbr|Ref(s)|Reference(s)}} |- | "Mai Likitan Zane" | 2016 | Hadaddun abubuwa da Selfridges | |- | "Bangano" | 2017 | Tigo Nipa | |- | "S4" | rowspan="2" | 2018 | Infinix | |- | "Makon Salo" | GTB | |- | "Kamfen ɗin ƙaddamar da kyau" | rowspan="5" | 2019 | UOMA | |- | "Autism: Uwa ta sani" | GTB | |- | "Abinci da Abin Sha" | GTB | |- | "Fashion Shi ne 'Yanci" | GTB | |- | "Lamba ta 5" | Infinix | |- | "Baƙi Yana Haskakawa Mafi Haske" | 2021 | Guinness | |- | "Kada Ka Daina Buri" | 2021 | OREO | |- | "Manyan Rangwame: Abincin Rana" | 2022 | KFC | |- | "Manyan Rangwame: Talata" | 2022 | KFC | |- | "Tayoyin Horarwa" | 2022 | Toyota | |- | "An Yi Don Motsawa" | 2022 | Cadillac | |- | "Abincin Abinci Mai Daɗi" | 2023 | Fanta | |- | "Kawai ƙara sifili" | 2023 | Coca-Cola | |} == Lambobin yabo da nadin mukamai == <templatestyles src="Module:Message box/ambox.css"></templatestyles> {| class="sortable wikitable" ! scope="col" |Shekara ! scope="col" | Taron ! scope="col" | Kyauta ! scope="col" | Mai karɓa ! scope="col" | Sakamako ! class="unsortable" scope="col" | {{Abbr|Ref(s)|Reference(s)}} |- | rowspan="1" | 2014 | Kyautar MTV Africa Music Awards ta 2014 | Mafi Kyawun Bidiyo | rowspan="1" ||{{Nom}} | |- | rowspan="2" | 2015 | [[Kyautar Nishaɗi ta Najeriya ta 2015|Kyaututtukan Nishaɗi na Najeriya na 2015]] | Mafi Kyawun Bidiyon Waƙa na Shekara (Mai Zane & Darakta) | "Hauka"<br /><br /><br /><br /> <span style="font-size:85%;">( [[Seyi Shay]] )</span> |{{Nom}} | |- | The Headies 2015 | rowspan="2" | Mafi kyawun Daraktan Bidiyon Kiɗa | rowspan="2" | " [[Seyi Shay]] (Hauka)" |{{Nom}} | |- | 2016 | The Headies 2016 |{{Nom}} | |- | rowspan="2" | 2017 | rowspan="1" | [[Nigeria Entertainment Awards|Kyaututtukan Nishaɗi na Najeriya]] | Bidiyon Waƙa na Shekara | " [[Seyi Shay]] (Yolo Yolo)" |{{Won}} | |- | Bikin Kyaututtukan MVP na Soundcity | Mafi Kyawun Bidiyon Kiɗa | " Alikiba (Aje)" |{{Won}} | |- | rowspan="2" | 2018 | [[Nigeria Entertainment Awards|Kyaututtukan Nishaɗi na Najeriya]] | Mafi Kyawun Bidiyon Waƙa na Shekara (Mai Zane & Darakta) | "Malo"<br /><br /><br /><br /> <span style="font-size:85%;">( [[Tiwa Savage]] )</span> |{{Nom}} | |- | The Headies 2018 | rowspan="2" | Mafi kyawun Daraktan Bidiyon Kiɗa | " [[Tiwa Savage]] (Malo)" |{{Nom}} | |- | rowspan="2" | 2020 | The Headies 2020 | " [[Wizkid]] (Murmushi)" |{{Nom}} | |- | Bikin Kyaututtukan MVP na Soundcity | Bidiyon Shekara | [[Tiwa Savage]] (49-99)|{{Won}} | <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 January 2020 |title=Burna Boy, Tiwa Savage, Rema, Teni & More Win Big at 2020 Soundcity MVP Awards |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/full-list-of-2020-soundcity-mvp-award-winners-nigerian-music/ |access-date=13 May 2021}}</ref> |- |} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] pj14qwusk06kdons4z6oxlhpx7wrkdz 878565 878564 2026-07-07T14:58:27Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 878565 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Meji Alabi''' ( listen ⓘ ; an haife shi a ranar 13 ga Disamba 1988) fitaccen mai shirya fina-finai ne [['Yan Najeriya na Burtaniya|na Najeriya-Birtaniya]], darakta, mai daukar hoto kuma furodusa. Darakta ne kuma ya yi aiki tare da [[Beyoncé|Beyonce]], <ref name=":142">{{Cite web |title=A N T I on Instagram: "Black Is King, a film by @beyonce.⁣ Super pumped to have played our part on the Nigerian chapter of this film 🧡 alongside amazing…" |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CCCPpchjO_r/ |url-access=registration |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/instagram/anti.design/2342503575009947627 |archive-date=2021-12-26 |access-date=2020-07-11 |website=[[Instagram]] |language=en}}</ref> [[Burna Boy]], <ref>{{Cite web |last=Hahn |first=Rachel |date=21 August 2019 |title=Burna Boy Proves He's Nigeria's Most Stylish Musician in His New Video |url=https://www.vogue.com/article/burna-boy-pull-up-nigeria-new-music-video-african-giant |access-date=13 May 2021 |website=[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]}}</ref> [[Wizkid]], [ <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 February 2019 |title=Meji Alabi: Tales of an "Experience Junkie" |url=https://www.lbbonline.com/news/meji-alabi-tales-of-an-experience-junkie |access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2021 |title=Runtown and director Meji Alabi go virtual this weekend |url=https://www.voice-online.co.uk/entertainment/2021/04/23/runtown-and-director-meji-alabi-go-virtual-this-weekend/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=voice-online}}</ref> [[Davido]], [[Tiwa Savage]], Popcaan, Goldlink, Koffee da Nasty C. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 May 2019 |title=WATCH THE MEJI ALABI DIRECTED VIDEO FOR GOLDLINK AND MALEEK BERRY'S 'ZULU SCREAMS' |url=https://culturecustodian.com/watch-the-meji-alabi-video-for-goldlink-and-maleek-berrys-zulu-screams/ |access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref> Ya shirya fim ɗinsa na farko a shekarar 2024, ''Water and Garri'', wanda Tiwa Savage ta fito a ciki. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Nelson |first=C.J. |title=In Tiwa Savage’s ‘Water and Garri,’ Meji Alabi Finds a Fresh Directorial Perspective - Okayplayer |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-water-and-garri/ |access-date=2024-12-04 |website=www.okayafrica.com |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Meji a ranar 13 ga Disamba, 1988, a Landan, kuma ya shafe tsawon lokacin ƙuruciyarsa yana ƙaura tare da mahaifinsa bayan rabuwar iyayensa a 1989. Ya yi yawo tsakanin London, [[Bahamas]], da Texas, Amurka. Ya halarci Makarantar Tsakiya ta Spring Forest da Makarantar Sakandare ta Stratford duka a [[Houston|Houston, Texas]] . Meji Alabi ya kammala karatunsa daga Jami'ar Yammacin London da digiri na farko a fannin Lissafi da Kuɗi, kuma yana da digirin Lasisi na Aikin Jinya daga Kwalejin St. Phillips da ke [[San Antonio|San Antonio, Texas]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kpade |first=Sabo |date=16 February 2021 |title=Interview: Meji Alabi Is Bringing Nigerian Culture to the World, One Music Video at a Time |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-nigeria-music-video/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=okayafrica}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Steven |first=Rachael |date=24 July 2020 |title=WHAT WOULD I CHANGE: DIRECTOR MEJI ALABI |url=https://www.creativereview.co.uk/what-would-i-change-director-meji-alabi/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=CreativeReview}}</ref> == Sana'a == A shekarar 2014, Alabi ya kafa JM Films tare da Jimi Adesanya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 February 2021 |title=Director Meji Alabi, Black Dog Films Draw The Line Against Malaria |url=https://www.shootonline.com/video/director-meji-alabi-black-dog-films-draw-line-against-malaria |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=shootonline}}</ref> JM Films (wani reshe na Unbound Studios) kamfani ne na ayyukan watsa labarai da shirye-shirye wanda ya ƙware a fannin zane-zane masu ƙirƙira, bidiyon kiɗa, tallace-tallace, fina-finai da talabijin kuma yana zaune a Legas, Najeriya. Shi ne kuma wanda ya kafa Priorgold Pictures wanda wani kamfani ne na shirya fina-finai da ke Legas, Najeriya wanda aka ƙirƙira don biyan buƙatun masana'antar nishaɗi ta hanyar samar da kayan aiki da ma'aikata don aiwatar da abubuwan gani masu ƙirƙira. A shekarar 2014, ya jagoranci bidiyon waƙar 'Murda' wanda [[Seyi Shay]] ya rera tare da Patoranking, Shaydee . Nasarar wannan bidiyon ta jawo masa hankali sosai a masana'antar kiɗan Najeriya kuma an zaɓe shi a wannan shekarar a bikin bayar da kyaututtukan MTV Africa Music Awards don Mafi Kyawun Bidiyo. Haka kuma a shekarar 2014, ya jagoranci bidiyon waƙar 'Crazy' wanda [[Seyi Shay]] ya rera tare da [[Wizkid]] kuma an zaɓe shi a shekarar 2015 don Mafi Kyawun Bidiyon Waƙa na Shekara (Mai Zane da Darakta) a [[Nigeria Entertainment Awards|bikin bayar da kyaututtukan nishaɗi na Najeriya]] da kuma mafi kyawun bidiyon kiɗa a The Headies 2015 . A shekarar 2016, ya jagoranci bidiyon 'Kontrol' na Maleek Berry wanda ya nuna sabon salon da yake bi wajen jagorantar bidiyon wakoki ga fitattun mawakan Najeriya. A wannan shekarar, ya jagoranci 'Aje' wanda Alikiba ya rera, wanda ya lashe kyautar Mafi Kyawun Bidiyon Waƙa a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na Soundcity MVP a shekarar 2017. A shekarar 2018, Alabi ya jagoranci bidiyon waƙar [[Davido]] mai suna 'Assurance' a cikin fim ɗin 'A Good Time'. Tun daga shekarar 2018, Alabi ya yi aiki tare da [[Burna Boy]] a wasu ayyukansa. Ya ba da umarni ga Pull Up, On The Low, da Gum Body tare da Jorja Smith daga kundin wakokin Burna Boy mai suna 'African Giant'. Meji ya kuma ba da umarni ga bidiyon Way Too Big, Wonderful, Monsters You Made wanda ya nuna [[Chris Martin]] da Real Life tare da Stormzy daga kundin wakokin 'Twice As Tall'. Ya kuma yi aiki tare da [[Wizkid]] a cikin kundin wakokin Made in Lagos, kuma yana da jagoranci a cikin bidiyon wakokin Ginger tare da [[Burna Boy]], No Stress da Smile tare da HER. A shekarar 2020, Alabi ya yi aiki a matsayin furodusa tare da Jimi Adesanya a fim ɗin Najeriya na Black Is King wanda Beyonce Knowles-Carter ta shirya. Ya kuma yi aiki tare da Ibra Ake da Jenn Nkiru don yin bidiyon waƙar ' Brown Skin Girl ' wadda ta lashe kyautar Grammy, wanda aka yaba masa a matsayin mataimakin darakta. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Haring |first=Bruce |date=19 July 2020 |title=Beyoncé's 'Black Is King' Visual Album Releases First Full Trailer And Key Art |url=https://deadline.com/video/beyonces-black-is-king-trailer-key-art/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=deadline}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 June 2020 |title=Meji Alabi, Muhammad Atta & Other Nigerian Creatives who Created Magic on Beyoncè's "Black Is King" |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/06/nigerian-creatives-black-is-king/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=bellanaija}}</ref> A shekarar 2021, Alabi ya yi aiki tare da Black Dog Films a matsayin darektan aikin gani na kamfen ɗin 'Zero Malaria: Draw The Line Against Malaria'. Wannan ƙungiya ta ƙunshi 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Najeriya kuma mai ba da agaji [[Omotola Jalade Ekeinde|Omotola Jalade-Ekeinde]], 'yar wasan kwaikwayo kuma 'yar kasuwa Osas Ighodaro, wacce ta lashe lambar zinare ta Olympics ta Kenya kuma mai riƙe da rikodin duniya na marathon Eliud Kipchoge, mai binciken Afirka ta Kudu kuma mai hawa dutse Saray Khumalo, mai zane-zanen Najeriya Laolu Senbanjo a halin yanzu kyaftin ɗin ƙungiyar Rugby ta ƙasa ta Afirka ta Kudu Siya Kolisi, da kuma mai tsara rawa ta Rwanda-Britaniya Sherrie Silver . Alabi ya jagoranci kuma ya rubuta fim ɗinsa na farko mai suna ''Water and Garri'', wanda [[Tiwa Savage]] ta fito a ciki kuma aka fitar a shekarar 2024. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Nelson |first=C.J. |title=In Tiwa Savage’s ‘Water and Garri,’ Meji Alabi Finds a Fresh Directorial Perspective - Okayplayer |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-water-and-garri/ |access-date=2024-12-04 |website=www.okayafrica.com |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFNelson">Nelson, C.J. [https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-water-and-garri/ "In Tiwa Savage's 'Water and Garri,' Meji Alabi Finds a Fresh Directorial Perspective - Okayplayer"]. ''www.okayafrica.com''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-12-04</span></span>.</cite></ref> A shekarar 2026, ya jagoranci shirin [[Documentary film|fim mai suna]] ''Surviving Biafra: Voices from the Nigerian Civil War'', wanda ke binciko [[Yaƙin basasan Najeriya|yakin basasar Najeriya]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ford |first=Tamasin |date=June 1, 2026 |title=Meji Alabi, Grammy-winning director, explores his Nigerian grandfather’s role in the Biafran war for BBC Africa Eye |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c8r826465dko |access-date=2026-06-01 |website=[[BBC Africa Eye]] |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Bidiyo == {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" ! scope="col" |Title ! scope="col" |Year ! scope="col" |Artist(s) ! class="unsortable" scope="col" |{{Abbr|Ref(s)|Reference(s)}} |- |"Murda" | rowspan="1" |2014 |[[Seyi Shay]] (feat. Patoranking & Shaydee) | |- |"Crazy" | rowspan="5" |2015 |[[Seyi Shay]] (feat. [[Wizkid]]) | |- |"Satan Be Gone" |Asa | |- |"Eyo" |Asa | |- |"Right Now" |[[Seyi Shay]] | |- |"Never Gonna Stop" |Niyola | |- |"Kontrol" | rowspan="2" |2016 |Maleek Berry | |- |"Aje" |Alikiba | |- |"For Life" | rowspan="7" |2017 |Runtown | |- |"Ma Lo" |[[Tiwa Savage]] (feat. [[Wizkid]]) | |- |"All Night" |Yungen (feat. Mr Eazi) | |- |"Unstable" |Zak Abel | |- |"Been Callin" |Maleek Berry | |- |"All Night" |Yungen | |- |"Sugarcane" |Tiwa Savage | |- |"Check" | rowspan="13" |2018 |Kojo Funds (feat. Raye) | |- |"Space For Two" |Mr. Probz | |- |"Property" |Mr Eazi | |- |"Fever" |[[Wizkid]] | |- |"Get It Now Remix" |[[Tiwa Savage]] ( feat. Omarion) | |- |"Assurance" |[[Davido]] | |- |"On The Low" |[[Burna Boy]] | |- |"Dun Rich" |Popcaan (feat.[[Davido]]) | |- |"Pon My Mind" |Maleek Berry | |- |"Jungle" |Nasty C | |- |"Energy" |Skepta & [[Wizkid]] | |- |"No Crime" |Nonso Amadi | |- |"London Town" |Mr Eazi feat. Giggs | |- |"Take Over" | |Beatfreakz feat. Mr Eazi, Seyi Shay, Shakka, | |- |"Dis Love" | rowspan="10" |2019 |DJ Spinall (feat. Wizkid & Tiwa Savage) | |- |"Sweet in the Middle" |[[Davido]](feat. Naira Marley, Zlatan Ibile & Wurld) | |- |"Pull Up" |Burna Boy | |- |"Risky" |[[Davido]] (feat. Popcaan) | |- |"Traffic Jam" |Banx+Ranx feat. Kojo Funds | |- |"Gum Body" |[[Burna Boy]] (feat. Jorja Smith) | |- |"49-99" |Tiwa Savage | |- |"Zulu Screams" |Goldlink | |- |"Body Deep" |Wavy The Creator | |- |"Hold Me Down" |Eugy feat. Wavy The Creator | |- |"Wonderful" | rowspan="13" |2020 |Burna Boy | |- |"4AM" |Manny Norte | |- |"Dangerous Love" |Tiwa Savage | |- |"Cause A Commotion" |Bugzy Malone feat. Skip Marley | |- |"Cool As A Breeze" |Chronixx | |- |"Monsters You Made" |Burna Boy feat. Chris Martins | |- |"Cool Me Down" |DJ Tunez (feat. Wizkid) | |- |"Way Too Big" |Burna Boy | |- |"Kini Issue" |Runtown | |- |"No Stress" |Wizkid | |- |"Smile" |Wizkid (feat. H.E.R) | |- |"Lento" |Mr Eazi (feat. J Balvin) | |- |"Real Life" |Burna Boy feat. Stormzy | |- |"Ginger" |2021 |Wizkid (feat. Burna Boy) | |- |"Hide n' Seek" |2022 |Stormzy | |- |"Aboboyaa" | rowspan="3" |2023 |Popcaan (feat. Burna Boy) | |- |"Party Girls" |Victoria Monét (feat. Buju Banton) | |- |"My Love" |Leigh-Anne (feat. Ayra Starr) | |} == Tallace-tallace == {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" ! scope="col" |Lakabi ! scope="col" | Shekara ! scope="col" | Alamar(s) ! class="unsortable" scope="col" | {{Abbr|Ref(s)|Reference(s)}} |- | "Mai Likitan Zane" | 2016 | Hadaddun abubuwa da Selfridges | |- | "Bangano" | 2017 | Tigo Nipa | |- | "S4" | rowspan="2" | 2018 | Infinix | |- | "Makon Salo" | GTB | |- | "Kamfen ɗin ƙaddamar da kyau" | rowspan="5" | 2019 | UOMA | |- | "Autism: Uwa ta sani" | GTB | |- | "Abinci da Abin Sha" | GTB | |- | "Fashion Shi ne 'Yanci" | GTB | |- | "Lamba ta 5" | Infinix | |- | "Baƙi Yana Haskakawa Mafi Haske" | 2021 | Guinness | |- | "Kada Ka Daina Buri" | 2021 | OREO | |- | "Manyan Rangwame: Abincin Rana" | 2022 | KFC | |- | "Manyan Rangwame: Talata" | 2022 | KFC | |- | "Tayoyin Horarwa" | 2022 | Toyota | |- | "An Yi Don Motsawa" | 2022 | Cadillac | |- | "Abincin Abinci Mai Daɗi" | 2023 | Fanta | |- | "Kawai ƙara sifili" | 2023 | Coca-Cola | |} == Lambobin yabo da nadin mukamai == <templatestyles src="Module:Message box/ambox.css"></templatestyles> {| class="sortable wikitable" ! scope="col" |Shekara ! scope="col" | Taron ! scope="col" | Kyauta ! scope="col" | Mai karɓa ! scope="col" | Sakamako ! class="unsortable" scope="col" | {{Abbr|Ref(s)|Reference(s)}} |- | rowspan="1" | 2014 | Kyautar MTV Africa Music Awards ta 2014 | Mafi Kyawun Bidiyo | rowspan="1" ||{{Nom}} | |- | rowspan="2" | 2015 | [[Kyautar Nishaɗi ta Najeriya ta 2015|Kyaututtukan Nishaɗi na Najeriya na 2015]] | Mafi Kyawun Bidiyon Waƙa na Shekara (Mai Zane & Darakta) | "Hauka"<br /><br /><br /><br /> <span style="font-size:85%;">( [[Seyi Shay]] )</span> |{{Nom}} | |- | The Headies 2015 | rowspan="2" | Mafi kyawun Daraktan Bidiyon Kiɗa | rowspan="2" | " [[Seyi Shay]] (Hauka)" |{{Nom}} | |- | 2016 | The Headies 2016 |{{Nom}} | |- | rowspan="2" | 2017 | rowspan="1" | [[Nigeria Entertainment Awards|Kyaututtukan Nishaɗi na Najeriya]] | Bidiyon Waƙa na Shekara | " [[Seyi Shay]] (Yolo Yolo)" |{{Won}} | |- | Bikin Kyaututtukan MVP na Soundcity | Mafi Kyawun Bidiyon Kiɗa | " Alikiba (Aje)" |{{Won}} | |- | rowspan="2" | 2018 | [[Nigeria Entertainment Awards|Kyaututtukan Nishaɗi na Najeriya]] | Mafi Kyawun Bidiyon Waƙa na Shekara (Mai Zane & Darakta) | "Malo"<br /><br /><br /><br /> <span style="font-size:85%;">( [[Tiwa Savage]] )</span> |{{Nom}} | |- | The Headies 2018 | rowspan="2" | Mafi kyawun Daraktan Bidiyon Kiɗa | " [[Tiwa Savage]] (Malo)" |{{Nom}} | |- | rowspan="2" | 2020 | The Headies 2020 | " [[Wizkid]] (Murmushi)" |{{Nom}} | |- | Bikin Kyaututtukan MVP na Soundcity | Bidiyon Shekara | [[Tiwa Savage]] (49-99)|{{Won}} | <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 January 2020 |title=Burna Boy, Tiwa Savage, Rema, Teni & More Win Big at 2020 Soundcity MVP Awards |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/full-list-of-2020-soundcity-mvp-award-winners-nigerian-music/ |access-date=13 May 2021}}</ref> |- |} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] tq9e9ouhwoqkbs1u1p7r8ndbt5q2cwc 878566 878565 2026-07-07T14:58:54Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 878566 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Meji Alabi''' ( listen ⓘ ; an haife shi a ranar 13 ga Disamba 1988) fitaccen mai shirya fina-finai ne [['Yan Najeriya na Burtaniya|na Najeriya-Birtaniya]], darakta, mai daukar hoto kuma furodusa. Darakta ne kuma ya yi aiki tare da [[Beyoncé|Beyonce]], <ref name=":142">{{Cite web |title=A N T I on Instagram: "Black Is King, a film by @beyonce.⁣ Super pumped to have played our part on the Nigerian chapter of this film 🧡 alongside amazing…" |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CCCPpchjO_r/ |url-access=registration |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/instagram/anti.design/2342503575009947627 |archive-date=2021-12-26 |access-date=2020-07-11 |website=[[Instagram]] |language=en}}</ref> [[Burna Boy]], <ref>{{Cite web |last=Hahn |first=Rachel |date=21 August 2019 |title=Burna Boy Proves He's Nigeria's Most Stylish Musician in His New Video |url=https://www.vogue.com/article/burna-boy-pull-up-nigeria-new-music-video-african-giant |access-date=13 May 2021 |website=[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]}}</ref> [[Wizkid]], [ <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 February 2019 |title=Meji Alabi: Tales of an "Experience Junkie" |url=https://www.lbbonline.com/news/meji-alabi-tales-of-an-experience-junkie |access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2021 |title=Runtown and director Meji Alabi go virtual this weekend |url=https://www.voice-online.co.uk/entertainment/2021/04/23/runtown-and-director-meji-alabi-go-virtual-this-weekend/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=voice-online}}</ref> [[Davido]], [[Tiwa Savage]], Popcaan, Goldlink, Koffee da Nasty C. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 May 2019 |title=WATCH THE MEJI ALABI DIRECTED VIDEO FOR GOLDLINK AND MALEEK BERRY'S 'ZULU SCREAMS' |url=https://culturecustodian.com/watch-the-meji-alabi-video-for-goldlink-and-maleek-berrys-zulu-screams/ |access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref> Ya shirya fim ɗinsa na farko a shekarar 2024, ''Water and Garri'', wanda Tiwa Savage ta fito a ciki. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Nelson |first=C.J. |title=In Tiwa Savage’s ‘Water and Garri,’ Meji Alabi Finds a Fresh Directorial Perspective - Okayplayer |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-water-and-garri/ |access-date=2024-12-04 |website=www.okayafrica.com |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Meji a ranar 13 ga Disamba, 1988, a Landan, kuma ya shafe tsawon lokacin ƙuruciyarsa yana ƙaura tare da mahaifinsa bayan rabuwar iyayensa a 1989. Ya yi yawo tsakanin London, [[Bahamas]], da Texas, Amurka. Ya halarci Makarantar Tsakiya ta Spring Forest da Makarantar Sakandare ta Stratford duka a [[Houston|Houston, Texas]] . Meji Alabi ya kammala karatunsa daga Jami'ar Yammacin London da digiri na farko a fannin Lissafi da Kuɗi, kuma yana da digirin Lasisi na Aikin Jinya daga Kwalejin St. Phillips da ke [[San Antonio|San Antonio, Texas]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kpade |first=Sabo |date=16 February 2021 |title=Interview: Meji Alabi Is Bringing Nigerian Culture to the World, One Music Video at a Time |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-nigeria-music-video/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=okayafrica}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Steven |first=Rachael |date=24 July 2020 |title=WHAT WOULD I CHANGE: DIRECTOR MEJI ALABI |url=https://www.creativereview.co.uk/what-would-i-change-director-meji-alabi/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=CreativeReview}}</ref> == Sana'a == A shekarar 2014, Alabi ya kafa JM Films tare da Jimi Adesanya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 February 2021 |title=Director Meji Alabi, Black Dog Films Draw The Line Against Malaria |url=https://www.shootonline.com/video/director-meji-alabi-black-dog-films-draw-line-against-malaria |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=shootonline}}</ref> JM Films (wani reshe na Unbound Studios) kamfani ne na ayyukan watsa labarai da shirye-shirye wanda ya ƙware a fannin zane-zane masu ƙirƙira, bidiyon kiɗa, tallace-tallace, fina-finai da talabijin kuma yana zaune a Legas, Najeriya. Shi ne kuma wanda ya kafa Priorgold Pictures wanda wani kamfani ne na shirya fina-finai da ke Legas, Najeriya wanda aka ƙirƙira don biyan buƙatun masana'antar nishaɗi ta hanyar samar da kayan aiki da ma'aikata don aiwatar da abubuwan gani masu ƙirƙira. A shekarar 2014, ya jagoranci bidiyon waƙar 'Murda' wanda [[Seyi Shay]] ya rera tare da Patoranking, Shaydee . Nasarar wannan bidiyon ta jawo masa hankali sosai a masana'antar kiɗan Najeriya kuma an zaɓe shi a wannan shekarar a bikin bayar da kyaututtukan MTV Africa Music Awards don Mafi Kyawun Bidiyo. Haka kuma a shekarar 2014, ya jagoranci bidiyon waƙar 'Crazy' wanda [[Seyi Shay]] ya rera tare da [[Wizkid]] kuma an zaɓe shi a shekarar 2015 don Mafi Kyawun Bidiyon Waƙa na Shekara (Mai Zane da Darakta) a [[Nigeria Entertainment Awards|bikin bayar da kyaututtukan nishaɗi na Najeriya]] da kuma mafi kyawun bidiyon kiɗa a The Headies 2015 . A shekarar 2016, ya jagoranci bidiyon 'Kontrol' na Maleek Berry wanda ya nuna sabon salon da yake bi wajen jagorantar bidiyon wakoki ga fitattun mawakan Najeriya. A wannan shekarar, ya jagoranci 'Aje' wanda Alikiba ya rera, wanda ya lashe kyautar Mafi Kyawun Bidiyon Waƙa a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na Soundcity MVP a shekarar 2017. A shekarar 2018, Alabi ya jagoranci bidiyon waƙar [[Davido]] mai suna 'Assurance' a cikin fim ɗin 'A Good Time'. Tun daga shekarar 2018, Alabi ya yi aiki tare da [[Burna Boy]] a wasu ayyukansa. Ya ba da umarni ga Pull Up, On The Low, da Gum Body tare da Jorja Smith daga kundin wakokin Burna Boy mai suna 'African Giant'. Meji ya kuma ba da umarni ga bidiyon Way Too Big, Wonderful, Monsters You Made wanda ya nuna [[Chris Martin]] da Real Life tare da Stormzy daga kundin wakokin 'Twice As Tall'. Ya kuma yi aiki tare da [[Wizkid]] a cikin kundin wakokin Made in Lagos, kuma yana da jagoranci a cikin bidiyon wakokin Ginger tare da [[Burna Boy]], No Stress da Smile tare da HER. A shekarar 2020, Alabi ya yi aiki a matsayin furodusa tare da Jimi Adesanya a fim ɗin Najeriya na Black Is King wanda Beyonce Knowles-Carter ta shirya. Ya kuma yi aiki tare da Ibra Ake da Jenn Nkiru don yin bidiyon waƙar ' Brown Skin Girl ' wadda ta lashe kyautar Grammy, wanda aka yaba masa a matsayin mataimakin darakta. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Haring |first=Bruce |date=19 July 2020 |title=Beyoncé's 'Black Is King' Visual Album Releases First Full Trailer And Key Art |url=https://deadline.com/video/beyonces-black-is-king-trailer-key-art/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=deadline}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 June 2020 |title=Meji Alabi, Muhammad Atta & Other Nigerian Creatives who Created Magic on Beyoncè's "Black Is King" |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/06/nigerian-creatives-black-is-king/ |access-date=23 May 2021 |website=bellanaija}}</ref> A shekarar 2021, Alabi ya yi aiki tare da Black Dog Films a matsayin darektan aikin gani na kamfen ɗin 'Zero Malaria: Draw The Line Against Malaria'. Wannan ƙungiya ta ƙunshi 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Najeriya kuma mai ba da agaji [[Omotola Jalade Ekeinde|Omotola Jalade-Ekeinde]], 'yar wasan kwaikwayo kuma 'yar kasuwa Osas Ighodaro, wacce ta lashe lambar zinare ta Olympics ta Kenya kuma mai riƙe da rikodin duniya na marathon Eliud Kipchoge, mai binciken Afirka ta Kudu kuma mai hawa dutse Saray Khumalo, mai zane-zanen Najeriya Laolu Senbanjo a halin yanzu kyaftin ɗin ƙungiyar Rugby ta ƙasa ta Afirka ta Kudu Siya Kolisi, da kuma mai tsara rawa ta Rwanda-Britaniya Sherrie Silver . Alabi ya jagoranci kuma ya rubuta fim ɗinsa na farko mai suna ''Water and Garri'', wanda [[Tiwa Savage]] ta fito a ciki kuma aka fitar a shekarar 2024. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Nelson |first=C.J. |title=In Tiwa Savage’s ‘Water and Garri,’ Meji Alabi Finds a Fresh Directorial Perspective - Okayplayer |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-water-and-garri/ |access-date=2024-12-04 |website=www.okayafrica.com |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFNelson">Nelson, C.J. [https://www.okayafrica.com/meji-alabi-water-and-garri/ "In Tiwa Savage's 'Water and Garri,' Meji Alabi Finds a Fresh Directorial Perspective - Okayplayer"]. ''www.okayafrica.com''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-12-04</span></span>.</cite></ref> A shekarar 2026, ya jagoranci shirin [[Documentary film|fim mai suna]] ''Surviving Biafra: Voices from the Nigerian Civil War'', wanda ke binciko [[Yaƙin basasan Najeriya|yakin basasar Najeriya]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ford |first=Tamasin |date=June 1, 2026 |title=Meji Alabi, Grammy-winning director, explores his Nigerian grandfather’s role in the Biafran war for BBC Africa Eye |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c8r826465dko |access-date=2026-06-01 |website=[[BBC Africa Eye]] |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Bidiyo == {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" ! scope="col" |Title ! scope="col" |Year ! scope="col" |Artist(s) ! class="unsortable" scope="col" |{{Abbr|Ref(s)|Reference(s)}} |- |"Murda" | rowspan="1" |2014 |[[Seyi Shay]] (feat. Patoranking & Shaydee) | |- |"Crazy" | rowspan="5" |2015 |[[Seyi Shay]] (feat. [[Wizkid]]) | |- |"Satan Be Gone" |Asa | |- |"Eyo" |Asa | |- |"Right Now" |[[Seyi Shay]] | |- |"Never Gonna Stop" |Niyola | |- |"Kontrol" | rowspan="2" |2016 |Maleek Berry | |- |"Aje" |Alikiba | |- |"For Life" | rowspan="7" |2017 |Runtown | |- |"Ma Lo" |[[Tiwa Savage]] (feat. [[Wizkid]]) | |- |"All Night" |Yungen (feat. Mr Eazi) | |- |"Unstable" |Zak Abel | |- |"Been Callin" |Maleek Berry | |- |"All Night" |Yungen | |- |"Sugarcane" |Tiwa Savage | |- |"Check" | rowspan="13" |2018 |Kojo Funds (feat. Raye) | |- |"Space For Two" |Mr. Probz | |- |"Property" |Mr Eazi | |- |"Fever" |[[Wizkid]] | |- |"Get It Now Remix" |[[Tiwa Savage]] ( feat. Omarion) | |- |"Assurance" |[[Davido]] | |- |"On The Low" |[[Burna Boy]] | |- |"Dun Rich" |Popcaan (feat.[[Davido]]) | |- |"Pon My Mind" |Maleek Berry | |- |"Jungle" |Nasty C | |- |"Energy" |Skepta & [[Wizkid]] | |- |"No Crime" |Nonso Amadi | |- |"London Town" |Mr Eazi feat. Giggs | |- |"Take Over" | |Beatfreakz feat. Mr Eazi, Seyi Shay, Shakka, | |- |"Dis Love" | rowspan="10" |2019 |DJ Spinall (feat. Wizkid & Tiwa Savage) | |- |"Sweet in the Middle" |[[Davido]](feat. Naira Marley, Zlatan Ibile & Wurld) | |- |"Pull Up" |Burna Boy | |- |"Risky" |[[Davido]] (feat. Popcaan) | |- |"Traffic Jam" |Banx+Ranx feat. Kojo Funds | |- |"Gum Body" |[[Burna Boy]] (feat. Jorja Smith) | |- |"49-99" |Tiwa Savage | |- |"Zulu Screams" |Goldlink | |- |"Body Deep" |Wavy The Creator | |- |"Hold Me Down" |Eugy feat. Wavy The Creator | |- |"Wonderful" | rowspan="13" |2020 |Burna Boy | |- |"4AM" |Manny Norte | |- |"Dangerous Love" |Tiwa Savage | |- |"Cause A Commotion" |Bugzy Malone feat. Skip Marley | |- |"Cool As A Breeze" |Chronixx | |- |"Monsters You Made" |Burna Boy feat. Chris Martins | |- |"Cool Me Down" |DJ Tunez (feat. Wizkid) | |- |"Way Too Big" |Burna Boy | |- |"Kini Issue" |Runtown | |- |"No Stress" |Wizkid | |- |"Smile" |Wizkid (feat. H.E.R) | |- |"Lento" |Mr Eazi (feat. J Balvin) | |- |"Real Life" |Burna Boy feat. Stormzy | |- |"Ginger" |2021 |Wizkid (feat. Burna Boy) | |- |"Hide n' Seek" |2022 |Stormzy | |- |"Aboboyaa" | rowspan="3" |2023 |Popcaan (feat. Burna Boy) | |- |"Party Girls" |Victoria Monét (feat. Buju Banton) | |- |"My Love" |Leigh-Anne (feat. Ayra Starr) | |} == Tallace-tallace == {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" ! scope="col" |Lakabi ! scope="col" | Shekara ! scope="col" | Alamar(s) ! class="unsortable" scope="col" | {{Abbr|Ref(s)|Reference(s)}} |- | "Mai Likitan Zane" | 2016 | Hadaddun abubuwa da Selfridges | |- | "Bangano" | 2017 | Tigo Nipa | |- | "S4" | rowspan="2" | 2018 | Infinix | |- | "Makon Salo" | GTB | |- | "Kamfen ɗin ƙaddamar da kyau" | rowspan="5" | 2019 | UOMA | |- | "Autism: Uwa ta sani" | GTB | |- | "Abinci da Abin Sha" | GTB | |- | "Fashion Shi ne 'Yanci" | GTB | |- | "Lamba ta 5" | Infinix | |- | "Baƙi Yana Haskakawa Mafi Haske" | 2021 | Guinness | |- | "Kada Ka Daina Buri" | 2021 | OREO | |- | "Manyan Rangwame: Abincin Rana" | 2022 | KFC | |- | "Manyan Rangwame: Talata" | 2022 | KFC | |- | "Tayoyin Horarwa" | 2022 | Toyota | |- | "An Yi Don Motsawa" | 2022 | Cadillac | |- | "Abincin Abinci Mai Daɗi" | 2023 | Fanta | |- | "Kawai ƙara sifili" | 2023 | Coca-Cola | |} == Lambobin yabo da nadin mukamai == <templatestyles src="Module:Message box/ambox.css"></templatestyles> {| class="sortable wikitable" ! scope="col" |Shekara ! scope="col" | Taron ! scope="col" | Kyauta ! scope="col" | Mai karɓa ! scope="col" | Sakamako ! class="unsortable" scope="col" | {{Abbr|Ref(s)|Reference(s)}} |- | rowspan="1" | 2014 | Kyautar MTV Africa Music Awards ta 2014 | Mafi Kyawun Bidiyo | rowspan="1" ||{{Nom}} | |- | rowspan="2" | 2015 | [[Kyautar Nishaɗi ta Najeriya ta 2015|Kyaututtukan Nishaɗi na Najeriya na 2015]] | Mafi Kyawun Bidiyon Waƙa na Shekara (Mai Zane & Darakta) | "Hauka"<br /><br /><br /><br /> <span style="font-size:85%;">( [[Seyi Shay]] )</span> |{{Nom}} | |- | The Headies 2015 | rowspan="2" | Mafi kyawun Daraktan Bidiyon Kiɗa | rowspan="2" | " [[Seyi Shay]] (Hauka)" |{{Nom}} | |- | 2016 | The Headies 2016 |{{Nom}} | |- | rowspan="2" | 2017 | rowspan="1" | [[Nigeria Entertainment Awards|Kyaututtukan Nishaɗi na Najeriya]] | Bidiyon Waƙa na Shekara | " [[Seyi Shay]] (Yolo Yolo)" |{{Won}} | |- | Bikin Kyaututtukan MVP na Soundcity | Mafi Kyawun Bidiyon Kiɗa | " Alikiba (Aje)" |{{Won}} | |- | rowspan="2" | 2018 | [[Nigeria Entertainment Awards|Kyaututtukan Nishaɗi na Najeriya]] | Mafi Kyawun Bidiyon Waƙa na Shekara (Mai Zane & Darakta) | "Malo"<br /><br /><br /><br /> <span style="font-size:85%;">( [[Tiwa Savage]] )</span> |{{Nom}} | |- | The Headies 2018 | rowspan="2" | Mafi kyawun Daraktan Bidiyon Kiɗa | " [[Tiwa Savage]] (Malo)" |{{Nom}} | |- | rowspan="2" | 2020 | The Headies 2020 | " [[Wizkid]] (Murmushi)" |{{Nom}} | |- | Bikin Kyaututtukan MVP na Soundcity | Bidiyon Shekara | [[Tiwa Savage]] (49-99)|{{Won}} | <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 January 2020 |title=Burna Boy, Tiwa Savage, Rema, Teni & More Win Big at 2020 Soundcity MVP Awards |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/full-list-of-2020-soundcity-mvp-award-winners-nigerian-music/ |access-date=13 May 2021}}</ref> |- |} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] ==Manazarta ogcgucr6kejlfay97wesufammtjllkj 0 54085 878526 856185 2026-07-07T14:29:54Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1342157415|Frank Rajah Arase]]" 878526 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Frank Rajah Efosa Arase''' [[Darakta|daraktan fina-finai ne]] na Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=GHANAIAN TOP DIRECTOR FRANK RAJAH ARASE SLEEPS WITH HOUSEMAID IN NIGERIA |url=http://www.modernghana.com/movie/7381/3/ghanaian-top-director-frank-rajah-arase-sleeps-wit.html |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=modernghana.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Movie Director, Frank Rajah Arase: 'I Feel Terribly Bad For Pioneering Indecency In Ghanaian Movies' |url=http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073035/http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=informationng.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=FRANK RAJAH ARASE REACTS TO RAPE ALLEGATION |url=http://www.thenigerianvoice.com/nvthread/3340/25528/1 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=thenigerianvoice.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Top Ghanaian Movie Director, Frank Rajah In Police Net In Lagos Over Multi-Million Naira Fraud |url=http://naijamayor.com/top-ghanaian-movie-director-frank-rajah-in-police-net-in-lagos-over-multi-million-naira-fraud/ |access-date=16 August 2014}}</ref> Arase ɗan asalin [[Edo|Jihar Edo]] ne, Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tolu |date=9 April 2014 |title=Movie Director, Frank Rajah Arase: 'I Feel Terribly Bad For Pioneering indecency In Ghanaian Movies' |url=http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073035/http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=16 August 2014 |website=Information Nigeria |publisher=Information NG}}</ref> An zaɓe shi a matsayin ''[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Director|Darakta Mafi Kyau]]'' a [[4th Africa Movie Academy Awards|Gasar Cin Kofin Fina-finai ta 4 ta Afirka]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=How I Discovered Many Ghanaian Movie Stars - Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819085317/http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=citypeoplemagazine.com.ng}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819084128/http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=ghananation.com}}</ref> [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] fihnq9v1zyo25jlxa23r960rg3vim5f 878527 878526 2026-07-07T14:30:12Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1342157415|Frank Rajah Arase]]" 878527 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Frank Rajah Efosa Arase''' [[Darakta|daraktan fina-finai ne]] na Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=GHANAIAN TOP DIRECTOR FRANK RAJAH ARASE SLEEPS WITH HOUSEMAID IN NIGERIA |url=http://www.modernghana.com/movie/7381/3/ghanaian-top-director-frank-rajah-arase-sleeps-wit.html |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=modernghana.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Movie Director, Frank Rajah Arase: 'I Feel Terribly Bad For Pioneering Indecency In Ghanaian Movies' |url=http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073035/http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=informationng.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=FRANK RAJAH ARASE REACTS TO RAPE ALLEGATION |url=http://www.thenigerianvoice.com/nvthread/3340/25528/1 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=thenigerianvoice.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Top Ghanaian Movie Director, Frank Rajah In Police Net In Lagos Over Multi-Million Naira Fraud |url=http://naijamayor.com/top-ghanaian-movie-director-frank-rajah-in-police-net-in-lagos-over-multi-million-naira-fraud/ |access-date=16 August 2014}}</ref> Arase ɗan asalin [[Edo|Jihar Edo]] ne, Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tolu |date=9 April 2014 |title=Movie Director, Frank Rajah Arase: 'I Feel Terribly Bad For Pioneering indecency In Ghanaian Movies' |url=http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073035/http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=16 August 2014 |website=Information Nigeria |publisher=Information NG}}</ref> An zaɓe shi a matsayin ''[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Director|Darakta Mafi Kyau]]'' a [[4th Africa Movie Academy Awards|Gasar Cin Kofin Fina-finai ta 4 ta Afirka]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=How I Discovered Many Ghanaian Movie Stars - Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819085317/http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=citypeoplemagazine.com.ng}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819084128/http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=ghananation.com}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] p96nfpjnsqhoauz5ujqyipqs2l73701 878528 878527 2026-07-07T14:30:24Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1342157415|Frank Rajah Arase]]" 878528 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Frank Rajah Efosa Arase''' [[Darakta|daraktan fina-finai ne]] na Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=GHANAIAN TOP DIRECTOR FRANK RAJAH ARASE SLEEPS WITH HOUSEMAID IN NIGERIA |url=http://www.modernghana.com/movie/7381/3/ghanaian-top-director-frank-rajah-arase-sleeps-wit.html |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=modernghana.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Movie Director, Frank Rajah Arase: 'I Feel Terribly Bad For Pioneering Indecency In Ghanaian Movies' |url=http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073035/http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=informationng.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=FRANK RAJAH ARASE REACTS TO RAPE ALLEGATION |url=http://www.thenigerianvoice.com/nvthread/3340/25528/1 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=thenigerianvoice.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Top Ghanaian Movie Director, Frank Rajah In Police Net In Lagos Over Multi-Million Naira Fraud |url=http://naijamayor.com/top-ghanaian-movie-director-frank-rajah-in-police-net-in-lagos-over-multi-million-naira-fraud/ |access-date=16 August 2014}}</ref> Arase ɗan asalin [[Edo|Jihar Edo]] ne, Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tolu |date=9 April 2014 |title=Movie Director, Frank Rajah Arase: 'I Feel Terribly Bad For Pioneering indecency In Ghanaian Movies' |url=http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073035/http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=16 August 2014 |website=Information Nigeria |publisher=Information NG}}</ref> An zaɓe shi a matsayin ''[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Director|Darakta Mafi Kyau]]'' a [[4th Africa Movie Academy Awards|Gasar Cin Kofin Fina-finai ta 4 ta Afirka]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=How I Discovered Many Ghanaian Movie Stars - Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819085317/http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=citypeoplemagazine.com.ng}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819084128/http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=ghananation.com}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == == Sana'a == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] h1f59hzyfu9ucb1umjptdlt116gugsg 878529 878528 2026-07-07T14:30:53Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1342157415|Frank Rajah Arase]]" 878529 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Frank Rajah Efosa Arase''' [[Darakta|daraktan fina-finai ne]] na Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=GHANAIAN TOP DIRECTOR FRANK RAJAH ARASE SLEEPS WITH HOUSEMAID IN NIGERIA |url=http://www.modernghana.com/movie/7381/3/ghanaian-top-director-frank-rajah-arase-sleeps-wit.html |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=modernghana.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Movie Director, Frank Rajah Arase: 'I Feel Terribly Bad For Pioneering Indecency In Ghanaian Movies' |url=http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073035/http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=informationng.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=FRANK RAJAH ARASE REACTS TO RAPE ALLEGATION |url=http://www.thenigerianvoice.com/nvthread/3340/25528/1 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=thenigerianvoice.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Top Ghanaian Movie Director, Frank Rajah In Police Net In Lagos Over Multi-Million Naira Fraud |url=http://naijamayor.com/top-ghanaian-movie-director-frank-rajah-in-police-net-in-lagos-over-multi-million-naira-fraud/ |access-date=16 August 2014}}</ref> Arase ɗan asalin [[Edo|Jihar Edo]] ne, Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tolu |date=9 April 2014 |title=Movie Director, Frank Rajah Arase: 'I Feel Terribly Bad For Pioneering indecency In Ghanaian Movies' |url=http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073035/http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=16 August 2014 |website=Information Nigeria |publisher=Information NG}}</ref> An zaɓe shi a matsayin ''[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Director|Darakta Mafi Kyau]]'' a [[4th Africa Movie Academy Awards|Gasar Cin Kofin Fina-finai ta 4 ta Afirka]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=How I Discovered Many Ghanaian Movie Stars - Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819085317/http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=citypeoplemagazine.com.ng}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819084128/http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=ghananation.com}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == == Sana'a == Arase ya fara harkar wasan kwaikwayo tun yana ƙarami. Ya fara aiki a matsayin mai wasan kwaikwayo a Najeriya; ya kasance mai rawa a ƙungiyar National Theatre kuma ya yi wasan kwaikwayo a kan dandamali. Ya haɗu da jarumi kuma darakta na Nollywood Paul Obazele, wanda ya horar da shi a masana'antar fim. Da farko ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne, wanda ya fito a fina-finai kamar ''Scores To Settle'', ''After School Hours'' . Son da yake yi wa kansa a bayan fage ya sa shi ya jagoranci fina-finansa. Bayan ya jagoranci wasu fina-finai a Najeriya, ya amince ya jagoranci wani fim ga kamfanin shirya fina-finai na Ghana, Venus Films, bayan ya ƙi yunƙurin da Kamfanin ya yi a baya. Ya jagoranci fim ɗin mai taken ''Official Prostitute'' in Ghana kuma ya ci gaba da yin fina-finai a Najeriya bayan haka. <ref name="City People">{{Cite web |last=Onuorah, Vivian |date=8 April 2014 |title="How I Discovered Many Ghanaian Movie Stars" - Nigerian Film-maker, Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819085317/http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=21 September 2014 |website=City People |publisher=City People Magazine}}</ref> [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] h1l04cuqab050x1acil128eqfv8jt57 878530 878529 2026-07-07T14:31:03Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1342157415|Frank Rajah Arase]]" 878530 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Frank Rajah Efosa Arase''' [[Darakta|daraktan fina-finai ne]] na Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=GHANAIAN TOP DIRECTOR FRANK RAJAH ARASE SLEEPS WITH HOUSEMAID IN NIGERIA |url=http://www.modernghana.com/movie/7381/3/ghanaian-top-director-frank-rajah-arase-sleeps-wit.html |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=modernghana.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Movie Director, Frank Rajah Arase: 'I Feel Terribly Bad For Pioneering Indecency In Ghanaian Movies' |url=http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073035/http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=informationng.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=FRANK RAJAH ARASE REACTS TO RAPE ALLEGATION |url=http://www.thenigerianvoice.com/nvthread/3340/25528/1 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=thenigerianvoice.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Top Ghanaian Movie Director, Frank Rajah In Police Net In Lagos Over Multi-Million Naira Fraud |url=http://naijamayor.com/top-ghanaian-movie-director-frank-rajah-in-police-net-in-lagos-over-multi-million-naira-fraud/ |access-date=16 August 2014}}</ref> Arase ɗan asalin [[Edo|Jihar Edo]] ne, Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tolu |date=9 April 2014 |title=Movie Director, Frank Rajah Arase: 'I Feel Terribly Bad For Pioneering indecency In Ghanaian Movies' |url=http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073035/http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=16 August 2014 |website=Information Nigeria |publisher=Information NG}}</ref> An zaɓe shi a matsayin ''[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Director|Darakta Mafi Kyau]]'' a [[4th Africa Movie Academy Awards|Gasar Cin Kofin Fina-finai ta 4 ta Afirka]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=How I Discovered Many Ghanaian Movie Stars - Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819085317/http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=citypeoplemagazine.com.ng}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819084128/http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=ghananation.com}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Arase a [[Benin City (Birnin Benin)|birnin Benin]], Edo, Najeriya. Ya girma a Legas inda ya fara harkar fim. <ref name="City People">{{Cite web |last=Onuorah, Vivian |date=8 April 2014 |title="How I Discovered Many Ghanaian Movie Stars" - Nigerian Film-maker, Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819085317/http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=21 September 2014 |website=City People |publisher=City People Magazine}}</ref> == Sana'a == Arase ya fara harkar wasan kwaikwayo tun yana ƙarami. Ya fara aiki a matsayin mai wasan kwaikwayo a Najeriya; ya kasance mai rawa a ƙungiyar National Theatre kuma ya yi wasan kwaikwayo a kan dandamali. Ya haɗu da jarumi kuma darakta na Nollywood Paul Obazele, wanda ya horar da shi a masana'antar fim. Da farko ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne, wanda ya fito a fina-finai kamar ''Scores To Settle'', ''After School Hours'' . Son da yake yi wa kansa a bayan fage ya sa shi ya jagoranci fina-finansa. Bayan ya jagoranci wasu fina-finai a Najeriya, ya amince ya jagoranci wani fim ga kamfanin shirya fina-finai na Ghana, Venus Films, bayan ya ƙi yunƙurin da Kamfanin ya yi a baya. Ya jagoranci fim ɗin mai taken ''Official Prostitute'' in Ghana kuma ya ci gaba da yin fina-finai a Najeriya bayan haka. <ref name="City People" /> [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] soobfnccdf635dwb17c2sfzxeb5e3kr 878531 878530 2026-07-07T14:31:38Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1342157415|Frank Rajah Arase]]" 878531 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Frank Rajah Efosa Arase''' [[Darakta|daraktan fina-finai ne]] na Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=GHANAIAN TOP DIRECTOR FRANK RAJAH ARASE SLEEPS WITH HOUSEMAID IN NIGERIA |url=http://www.modernghana.com/movie/7381/3/ghanaian-top-director-frank-rajah-arase-sleeps-wit.html |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=modernghana.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Movie Director, Frank Rajah Arase: 'I Feel Terribly Bad For Pioneering Indecency In Ghanaian Movies' |url=http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073035/http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=informationng.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=FRANK RAJAH ARASE REACTS TO RAPE ALLEGATION |url=http://www.thenigerianvoice.com/nvthread/3340/25528/1 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=thenigerianvoice.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Top Ghanaian Movie Director, Frank Rajah In Police Net In Lagos Over Multi-Million Naira Fraud |url=http://naijamayor.com/top-ghanaian-movie-director-frank-rajah-in-police-net-in-lagos-over-multi-million-naira-fraud/ |access-date=16 August 2014}}</ref> Arase ɗan asalin [[Edo|Jihar Edo]] ne, Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tolu |date=9 April 2014 |title=Movie Director, Frank Rajah Arase: 'I Feel Terribly Bad For Pioneering indecency In Ghanaian Movies' |url=http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073035/http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=16 August 2014 |website=Information Nigeria |publisher=Information NG}}</ref> An zaɓe shi a matsayin ''[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Director|Darakta Mafi Kyau]]'' a [[4th Africa Movie Academy Awards|Gasar Cin Kofin Fina-finai ta 4 ta Afirka]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=How I Discovered Many Ghanaian Movie Stars - Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819085317/http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=citypeoplemagazine.com.ng}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819084128/http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=ghananation.com}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Arase a [[Benin City (Birnin Benin)|birnin Benin]], Edo, Najeriya. Ya girma a Legas inda ya fara harkar fim. <ref name="City People">{{Cite web |last=Onuorah, Vivian |date=8 April 2014 |title="How I Discovered Many Ghanaian Movie Stars" - Nigerian Film-maker, Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819085317/http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=21 September 2014 |website=City People |publisher=City People Magazine}}</ref> == Sana'a == Arase ya fara harkar wasan kwaikwayo tun yana ƙarami. Ya fara aiki a matsayin mai wasan kwaikwayo a Najeriya; ya kasance mai rawa a ƙungiyar National Theatre kuma ya yi wasan kwaikwayo a kan dandamali. Ya haɗu da jarumi kuma darakta na Nollywood Paul Obazele, wanda ya horar da shi a masana'antar fim. Da farko ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne, wanda ya fito a fina-finai kamar ''Scores To Settle'', ''After School Hours'' . Son da yake yi wa kansa a bayan fage ya sa shi ya jagoranci fina-finansa. Bayan ya jagoranci wasu fina-finai a Najeriya, ya amince ya jagoranci wani fim ga kamfanin shirya fina-finai na Ghana, Venus Films, bayan ya ƙi yunƙurin da Kamfanin ya yi a baya. Ya jagoranci fim ɗin mai taken ''Official Prostitute'' in Ghana kuma ya ci gaba da yin fina-finai a Najeriya bayan haka. <ref name="City People" /> Daga ƙarshe, Abdul Salam Mumuni na Venus Films ya gabatar da kwangilar shekaru biyu ga Arase, wanda ya haɗa da gabatar da 'yan wasan Ghana cikin masana'antar fina-finan Nollywood da kuma sanya su zama taurarin da za su yi daidai da 'yan wasan Najeriya. 'Yan wasan Ghana da suka shahara ta hanyar wannan haɗin gwiwa sun haɗa da: [[Jackie Appiah]], [[Van Vicker]], [[Majid Michel]], [[Nadia Buari]], [[John Dumelo]], [[Kalsoume Sinare]] da [[Kofi Adjorlolo]] da sauransu. An tsawaita kwangilar na tsawon shekaru biyu wanda ya haifar da gabatar da ƙarin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo kamar [[Yvonne Nelson]], [[Juliet Ibrahim]], [[Frank Artus]] da [[Martha Ankomah]] . Fina-finan da aka shirya a wannan lokacin sun haɗa da: ''<nowiki/>'Yar Mummy'', ''Beyonce'', ''[[Heart of Men (fim)|Heart of Men]]'', ''[[The Game (2010 fim)|The Game]]'', ''Who Loves Me?,'' ''Princess Tyra'', ''The King is Nawa'', ''[[Agony of Christ (fim)|Agony of Christ]]'', ''Crime to Christ'' da sauransu da yawa. Fina-finan an haɗa su ne da kamfanin shirya fina-finai na Arase, Raj da Heroes Films. <ref name="City People" /> Bayan kwangilarsa da Venus Film ta ƙare, ya ci gaba da yin nasa shirye-shiryen ta hanyar kamfaninsa, wanda tun daga lokacin ya fitar da fitattun fina-finai kamar ''[[Somewhere in Africa]]'' da kuma fim ɗin ''[[Iyore]]'' . <ref name="City People" /> [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] svnfc9ekijmpwgxhzfpjfk8ah2ibeqf 878533 878531 2026-07-07T14:31:52Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1342157415|Frank Rajah Arase]]" 878533 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Frank Rajah Efosa Arase''' [[Darakta|daraktan fina-finai ne]] na Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=GHANAIAN TOP DIRECTOR FRANK RAJAH ARASE SLEEPS WITH HOUSEMAID IN NIGERIA |url=http://www.modernghana.com/movie/7381/3/ghanaian-top-director-frank-rajah-arase-sleeps-wit.html |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=modernghana.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Movie Director, Frank Rajah Arase: 'I Feel Terribly Bad For Pioneering Indecency In Ghanaian Movies' |url=http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073035/http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=informationng.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=FRANK RAJAH ARASE REACTS TO RAPE ALLEGATION |url=http://www.thenigerianvoice.com/nvthread/3340/25528/1 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=thenigerianvoice.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Top Ghanaian Movie Director, Frank Rajah In Police Net In Lagos Over Multi-Million Naira Fraud |url=http://naijamayor.com/top-ghanaian-movie-director-frank-rajah-in-police-net-in-lagos-over-multi-million-naira-fraud/ |access-date=16 August 2014}}</ref> Arase ɗan asalin [[Edo|Jihar Edo]] ne, Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tolu |date=9 April 2014 |title=Movie Director, Frank Rajah Arase: 'I Feel Terribly Bad For Pioneering indecency In Ghanaian Movies' |url=http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073035/http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=16 August 2014 |website=Information Nigeria |publisher=Information NG}}</ref> An zaɓe shi a matsayin ''[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Director|Darakta Mafi Kyau]]'' a [[4th Africa Movie Academy Awards|Gasar Cin Kofin Fina-finai ta 4 ta Afirka]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=How I Discovered Many Ghanaian Movie Stars - Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819085317/http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=citypeoplemagazine.com.ng}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819084128/http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=ghananation.com}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Arase a [[Benin City (Birnin Benin)|birnin Benin]], Edo, Najeriya. Ya girma a Legas inda ya fara harkar fim. <ref name="City People">{{Cite web |last=Onuorah, Vivian |date=8 April 2014 |title="How I Discovered Many Ghanaian Movie Stars" - Nigerian Film-maker, Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819085317/http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=21 September 2014 |website=City People |publisher=City People Magazine}}</ref> == Sana'a == Arase ya fara harkar wasan kwaikwayo tun yana ƙarami. Ya fara aiki a matsayin mai wasan kwaikwayo a Najeriya; ya kasance mai rawa a ƙungiyar National Theatre kuma ya yi wasan kwaikwayo a kan dandamali. Ya haɗu da jarumi kuma darakta na Nollywood Paul Obazele, wanda ya horar da shi a masana'antar fim. Da farko ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne, wanda ya fito a fina-finai kamar ''Scores To Settle'', ''After School Hours'' . Son da yake yi wa kansa a bayan fage ya sa shi ya jagoranci fina-finansa. Bayan ya jagoranci wasu fina-finai a Najeriya, ya amince ya jagoranci wani fim ga kamfanin shirya fina-finai na Ghana, Venus Films, bayan ya ƙi yunƙurin da Kamfanin ya yi a baya. Ya jagoranci fim ɗin mai taken ''Official Prostitute'' in Ghana kuma ya ci gaba da yin fina-finai a Najeriya bayan haka. <ref name="City People" /> Daga ƙarshe, Abdul Salam Mumuni na Venus Films ya gabatar da kwangilar shekaru biyu ga Arase, wanda ya haɗa da gabatar da 'yan wasan Ghana cikin masana'antar fina-finan Nollywood da kuma sanya su zama taurarin da za su yi daidai da 'yan wasan Najeriya. 'Yan wasan Ghana da suka shahara ta hanyar wannan haɗin gwiwa sun haɗa da: [[Jackie Appiah]], [[Van Vicker]], [[Majid Michel]], [[Nadia Buari]], [[John Dumelo]], [[Kalsoume Sinare]] da [[Kofi Adjorlolo]] da sauransu. An tsawaita kwangilar na tsawon shekaru biyu wanda ya haifar da gabatar da ƙarin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo kamar [[Yvonne Nelson]], [[Juliet Ibrahim]], [[Frank Artus]] da [[Martha Ankomah]] . Fina-finan da aka shirya a wannan lokacin sun haɗa da: ''<nowiki/>'Yar Mummy'', ''Beyonce'', ''[[Heart of Men (fim)|Heart of Men]]'', ''[[The Game (2010 fim)|The Game]]'', ''Who Loves Me?,'' ''Princess Tyra'', ''The King is Nawa'', ''[[Agony of Christ (fim)|Agony of Christ]]'', ''Crime to Christ'' da sauransu da yawa. Fina-finan an haɗa su ne da kamfanin shirya fina-finai na Arase, Raj da Heroes Films. <ref name="City People" /> Bayan kwangilarsa da Venus Film ta ƙare, ya ci gaba da yin nasa shirye-shiryen ta hanyar kamfaninsa, wanda tun daga lokacin ya fitar da fitattun fina-finai kamar ''[[Somewhere in Africa]]'' da kuma fim ɗin ''[[Iyore]]'' . <ref name="City People" /> == Rayuwa ta sirri == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 35p77lxsnuybb1t15lo7ve6syg3kw05 878534 878533 2026-07-07T14:43:59Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1342157415|Frank Rajah Arase]]" 878534 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Frank Rajah Efosa Arase''' [[Darakta|daraktan fina-finai ne]] na Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=GHANAIAN TOP DIRECTOR FRANK RAJAH ARASE SLEEPS WITH HOUSEMAID IN NIGERIA |url=http://www.modernghana.com/movie/7381/3/ghanaian-top-director-frank-rajah-arase-sleeps-wit.html |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=modernghana.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Movie Director, Frank Rajah Arase: 'I Feel Terribly Bad For Pioneering Indecency In Ghanaian Movies' |url=http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073035/http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=informationng.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=FRANK RAJAH ARASE REACTS TO RAPE ALLEGATION |url=http://www.thenigerianvoice.com/nvthread/3340/25528/1 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=thenigerianvoice.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Top Ghanaian Movie Director, Frank Rajah In Police Net In Lagos Over Multi-Million Naira Fraud |url=http://naijamayor.com/top-ghanaian-movie-director-frank-rajah-in-police-net-in-lagos-over-multi-million-naira-fraud/ |access-date=16 August 2014}}</ref> Arase ɗan asalin [[Edo|Jihar Edo]] ne, Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tolu |date=9 April 2014 |title=Movie Director, Frank Rajah Arase: 'I Feel Terribly Bad For Pioneering indecency In Ghanaian Movies' |url=http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073035/http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=16 August 2014 |website=Information Nigeria |publisher=Information NG}}</ref> An zaɓe shi a matsayin ''[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Director|Darakta Mafi Kyau]]'' a [[4th Africa Movie Academy Awards|Gasar Cin Kofin Fina-finai ta 4 ta Afirka]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=How I Discovered Many Ghanaian Movie Stars - Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819085317/http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=citypeoplemagazine.com.ng}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819084128/http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=ghananation.com}}</ref> [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] fihnq9v1zyo25jlxa23r960rg3vim5f 878535 878534 2026-07-07T14:44:11Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1342157415|Frank Rajah Arase]]" 878535 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Frank Rajah Efosa Arase''' [[Darakta|daraktan fina-finai ne]] na Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=GHANAIAN TOP DIRECTOR FRANK RAJAH ARASE SLEEPS WITH HOUSEMAID IN NIGERIA |url=http://www.modernghana.com/movie/7381/3/ghanaian-top-director-frank-rajah-arase-sleeps-wit.html |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=modernghana.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Movie Director, Frank Rajah Arase: 'I Feel Terribly Bad For Pioneering Indecency In Ghanaian Movies' |url=http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073035/http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=informationng.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=FRANK RAJAH ARASE REACTS TO RAPE ALLEGATION |url=http://www.thenigerianvoice.com/nvthread/3340/25528/1 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=thenigerianvoice.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Top Ghanaian Movie Director, Frank Rajah In Police Net In Lagos Over Multi-Million Naira Fraud |url=http://naijamayor.com/top-ghanaian-movie-director-frank-rajah-in-police-net-in-lagos-over-multi-million-naira-fraud/ |access-date=16 August 2014}}</ref> Arase ɗan asalin [[Edo|Jihar Edo]] ne, Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tolu |date=9 April 2014 |title=Movie Director, Frank Rajah Arase: 'I Feel Terribly Bad For Pioneering indecency In Ghanaian Movies' |url=http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073035/http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=16 August 2014 |website=Information Nigeria |publisher=Information NG}}</ref> An zaɓe shi a matsayin ''[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Director|Darakta Mafi Kyau]]'' a [[4th Africa Movie Academy Awards|Gasar Cin Kofin Fina-finai ta 4 ta Afirka]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=How I Discovered Many Ghanaian Movie Stars - Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819085317/http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=citypeoplemagazine.com.ng}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819084128/http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=ghananation.com}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] ewawvthkfxzz244sgxyn2loytv9v832 878536 878535 2026-07-07T14:44:24Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1342157415|Frank Rajah Arase]]" 878536 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Frank Rajah Efosa Arase''' [[Darakta|daraktan fina-finai ne]] na Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=GHANAIAN TOP DIRECTOR FRANK RAJAH ARASE SLEEPS WITH HOUSEMAID IN NIGERIA |url=http://www.modernghana.com/movie/7381/3/ghanaian-top-director-frank-rajah-arase-sleeps-wit.html |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=modernghana.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Movie Director, Frank Rajah Arase: 'I Feel Terribly Bad For Pioneering Indecency In Ghanaian Movies' |url=http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073035/http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=informationng.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=FRANK RAJAH ARASE REACTS TO RAPE ALLEGATION |url=http://www.thenigerianvoice.com/nvthread/3340/25528/1 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=thenigerianvoice.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Top Ghanaian Movie Director, Frank Rajah In Police Net In Lagos Over Multi-Million Naira Fraud |url=http://naijamayor.com/top-ghanaian-movie-director-frank-rajah-in-police-net-in-lagos-over-multi-million-naira-fraud/ |access-date=16 August 2014}}</ref> Arase ɗan asalin [[Edo|Jihar Edo]] ne, Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tolu |date=9 April 2014 |title=Movie Director, Frank Rajah Arase: 'I Feel Terribly Bad For Pioneering indecency In Ghanaian Movies' |url=http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073035/http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=16 August 2014 |website=Information Nigeria |publisher=Information NG}}</ref> An zaɓe shi a matsayin ''[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Director|Darakta Mafi Kyau]]'' a [[4th Africa Movie Academy Awards|Gasar Cin Kofin Fina-finai ta 4 ta Afirka]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=How I Discovered Many Ghanaian Movie Stars - Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819085317/http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=citypeoplemagazine.com.ng}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819084128/http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=ghananation.com}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == == Sana'a == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 9yes2v8px2x46scpgxw8jt5gcyy97ha 878537 878536 2026-07-07T14:44:52Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1342157415|Frank Rajah Arase]]" 878537 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Frank Rajah Efosa Arase''' [[Darakta|daraktan fina-finai ne]] na Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=GHANAIAN TOP DIRECTOR FRANK RAJAH ARASE SLEEPS WITH HOUSEMAID IN NIGERIA |url=http://www.modernghana.com/movie/7381/3/ghanaian-top-director-frank-rajah-arase-sleeps-wit.html |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=modernghana.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Movie Director, Frank Rajah Arase: 'I Feel Terribly Bad For Pioneering Indecency In Ghanaian Movies' |url=http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073035/http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=informationng.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=FRANK RAJAH ARASE REACTS TO RAPE ALLEGATION |url=http://www.thenigerianvoice.com/nvthread/3340/25528/1 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=thenigerianvoice.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Top Ghanaian Movie Director, Frank Rajah In Police Net In Lagos Over Multi-Million Naira Fraud |url=http://naijamayor.com/top-ghanaian-movie-director-frank-rajah-in-police-net-in-lagos-over-multi-million-naira-fraud/ |access-date=16 August 2014}}</ref> Arase ɗan asalin [[Edo|Jihar Edo]] ne, Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tolu |date=9 April 2014 |title=Movie Director, Frank Rajah Arase: 'I Feel Terribly Bad For Pioneering indecency In Ghanaian Movies' |url=http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073035/http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=16 August 2014 |website=Information Nigeria |publisher=Information NG}}</ref> An zaɓe shi a matsayin ''[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Director|Darakta Mafi Kyau]]'' a [[4th Africa Movie Academy Awards|Gasar Cin Kofin Fina-finai ta 4 ta Afirka]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=How I Discovered Many Ghanaian Movie Stars - Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819085317/http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=citypeoplemagazine.com.ng}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819084128/http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=ghananation.com}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == == Sana'a == Arase ya fara harkar wasan kwaikwayo tun yana ƙarami. Ya fara aiki a matsayin mai wasan kwaikwayo a Najeriya; ya kasance mai rawa a ƙungiyar National Theatre kuma ya yi wasan kwaikwayo a kan dandamali. Ya haɗu da jarumi kuma darakta na Nollywood Paul Obazele, wanda ya horar da shi a masana'antar fim. Da farko ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne, wanda ya fito a fina-finai kamar ''Scores To Settle'', ''After School Hours'' . Son da yake yi wa kansa a bayan fage ya sa shi ya jagoranci fina-finansa. Bayan ya jagoranci wasu fina-finai a Najeriya, ya amince ya jagoranci wani fim ga kamfanin shirya fina-finai na Ghana, Venus Films, bayan ya ƙi yunƙurin da Kamfanin ya yi a baya. Ya jagoranci fim ɗin mai taken ''Official Prostitute'' in Ghana kuma ya ci gaba da yin fina-finai a Najeriya bayan haka. <ref name="City People">{{Cite web |last=Onuorah, Vivian |date=8 April 2014 |title="How I Discovered Many Ghanaian Movie Stars" - Nigerian Film-maker, Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819085317/http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=21 September 2014 |website=City People |publisher=City People Magazine}}</ref> [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] b3uorp0srp990ra2s4nx9wgwlhzss5k 878538 878537 2026-07-07T14:45:19Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1342157415|Frank Rajah Arase]]" 878538 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Frank Rajah Efosa Arase''' [[Darakta|daraktan fina-finai ne]] na Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=GHANAIAN TOP DIRECTOR FRANK RAJAH ARASE SLEEPS WITH HOUSEMAID IN NIGERIA |url=http://www.modernghana.com/movie/7381/3/ghanaian-top-director-frank-rajah-arase-sleeps-wit.html |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=modernghana.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Movie Director, Frank Rajah Arase: 'I Feel Terribly Bad For Pioneering Indecency In Ghanaian Movies' |url=http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073035/http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=informationng.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=FRANK RAJAH ARASE REACTS TO RAPE ALLEGATION |url=http://www.thenigerianvoice.com/nvthread/3340/25528/1 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=thenigerianvoice.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Top Ghanaian Movie Director, Frank Rajah In Police Net In Lagos Over Multi-Million Naira Fraud |url=http://naijamayor.com/top-ghanaian-movie-director-frank-rajah-in-police-net-in-lagos-over-multi-million-naira-fraud/ |access-date=16 August 2014}}</ref> Arase ɗan asalin [[Edo|Jihar Edo]] ne, Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tolu |date=9 April 2014 |title=Movie Director, Frank Rajah Arase: 'I Feel Terribly Bad For Pioneering indecency In Ghanaian Movies' |url=http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073035/http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=16 August 2014 |website=Information Nigeria |publisher=Information NG}}</ref> An zaɓe shi a matsayin ''[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Director|Darakta Mafi Kyau]]'' a [[4th Africa Movie Academy Awards|Gasar Cin Kofin Fina-finai ta 4 ta Afirka]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=How I Discovered Many Ghanaian Movie Stars - Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819085317/http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=citypeoplemagazine.com.ng}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819084128/http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=ghananation.com}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Arase a [[Benin City (Birnin Benin)|birnin Benin]], Edo, Najeriya. Ya girma a Legas inda ya fara harkar fim. <ref name="City People">{{Cite web |last=Onuorah, Vivian |date=8 April 2014 |title="How I Discovered Many Ghanaian Movie Stars" - Nigerian Film-maker, Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819085317/http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=21 September 2014 |website=City People |publisher=City People Magazine}}</ref> == Sana'a == Arase ya fara harkar wasan kwaikwayo tun yana ƙarami. Ya fara aiki a matsayin mai wasan kwaikwayo a Najeriya; ya kasance mai rawa a ƙungiyar National Theatre kuma ya yi wasan kwaikwayo a kan dandamali. Ya haɗu da jarumi kuma darakta na Nollywood Paul Obazele, wanda ya horar da shi a masana'antar fim. Da farko ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne, wanda ya fito a fina-finai kamar ''Scores To Settle'', ''After School Hours'' . Son da yake yi wa kansa a bayan fage ya sa shi ya jagoranci fina-finansa. Bayan ya jagoranci wasu fina-finai a Najeriya, ya amince ya jagoranci wani fim ga kamfanin shirya fina-finai na Ghana, Venus Films, bayan ya ƙi yunƙurin da Kamfanin ya yi a baya. Ya jagoranci fim ɗin mai taken ''Official Prostitute'' in Ghana kuma ya ci gaba da yin fina-finai a Najeriya bayan haka. <ref name="City People" /> [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] berjvtfe86oag1gfuk20nie33nybwpr 878539 878538 2026-07-07T14:45:59Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1342157415|Frank Rajah Arase]]" 878539 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Frank Rajah Efosa Arase''' [[Darakta|daraktan fina-finai ne]] na Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=GHANAIAN TOP DIRECTOR FRANK RAJAH ARASE SLEEPS WITH HOUSEMAID IN NIGERIA |url=http://www.modernghana.com/movie/7381/3/ghanaian-top-director-frank-rajah-arase-sleeps-wit.html |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=modernghana.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Movie Director, Frank Rajah Arase: 'I Feel Terribly Bad For Pioneering Indecency In Ghanaian Movies' |url=http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073035/http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=informationng.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=FRANK RAJAH ARASE REACTS TO RAPE ALLEGATION |url=http://www.thenigerianvoice.com/nvthread/3340/25528/1 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=thenigerianvoice.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Top Ghanaian Movie Director, Frank Rajah In Police Net In Lagos Over Multi-Million Naira Fraud |url=http://naijamayor.com/top-ghanaian-movie-director-frank-rajah-in-police-net-in-lagos-over-multi-million-naira-fraud/ |access-date=16 August 2014}}</ref> Arase ɗan asalin [[Edo|Jihar Edo]] ne, Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tolu |date=9 April 2014 |title=Movie Director, Frank Rajah Arase: 'I Feel Terribly Bad For Pioneering indecency In Ghanaian Movies' |url=http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073035/http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=16 August 2014 |website=Information Nigeria |publisher=Information NG}}</ref> An zaɓe shi a matsayin ''[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Director|Darakta Mafi Kyau]]'' a [[4th Africa Movie Academy Awards|Gasar Cin Kofin Fina-finai ta 4 ta Afirka]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=How I Discovered Many Ghanaian Movie Stars - Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819085317/http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=citypeoplemagazine.com.ng}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819084128/http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=ghananation.com}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Arase a [[Benin City (Birnin Benin)|birnin Benin]], Edo, Najeriya. Ya girma a Legas inda ya fara harkar fim. <ref name="City People">{{Cite web |last=Onuorah, Vivian |date=8 April 2014 |title="How I Discovered Many Ghanaian Movie Stars" - Nigerian Film-maker, Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819085317/http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=21 September 2014 |website=City People |publisher=City People Magazine}}</ref> == Sana'a == Arase ya fara harkar wasan kwaikwayo tun yana ƙarami. Ya fara aiki a matsayin mai wasan kwaikwayo a Najeriya; ya kasance mai rawa a ƙungiyar National Theatre kuma ya yi wasan kwaikwayo a kan dandamali. Ya haɗu da jarumi kuma darakta na Nollywood Paul Obazele, wanda ya horar da shi a masana'antar fim. Da farko ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne, wanda ya fito a fina-finai kamar ''Scores To Settle'', ''After School Hours'' . Son da yake yi wa kansa a bayan fage ya sa shi ya jagoranci fina-finansa. Bayan ya jagoranci wasu fina-finai a Najeriya, ya amince ya jagoranci wani fim ga kamfanin shirya fina-finai na Ghana, Venus Films, bayan ya ƙi yunƙurin da Kamfanin ya yi a baya. Ya jagoranci fim ɗin mai taken ''Official Prostitute'' in Ghana kuma ya ci gaba da yin fina-finai a Najeriya bayan haka. <ref name="City People" /> Daga ƙarshe, Abdul Salam Mumuni na Venus Films ya gabatar da kwangilar shekaru biyu ga Arase, wanda ya haɗa da gabatar da 'yan wasan Ghana cikin masana'antar fina-finan Nollywood da kuma sanya su zama taurarin da za su yi daidai da 'yan wasan Najeriya. 'Yan wasan Ghana da suka shahara ta hanyar wannan haɗin gwiwa sun haɗa da: [[Jackie Appiah]], [[Van Vicker]], [[Majid Michel]], [[Nadia Buari]], [[John Dumelo]], [[Kalsoume Sinare]] da [[Kofi Adjorlolo]] da sauransu. An tsawaita kwangilar na tsawon shekaru biyu wanda ya haifar da gabatar da ƙarin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo kamar [[Yvonne Nelson]], [[Juliet Ibrahim]], [[Frank Artus]] da [[Martha Ankomah]] . Fina-finan da aka shirya a wannan lokacin sun haɗa da: ''<nowiki/>'Yar Mummy'', ''Beyonce'', ''[[Heart of Men (fim)|Heart of Men]]'', ''[[The Game (2010 fim)|The Game]]'', ''Who Loves Me?,'' ''Princess Tyra'', ''The King is Nawa'', ''[[Agony of Christ (fim)|Agony of Christ]]'', ''Crime to Christ'' da sauransu da yawa. Fina-finan an haɗa su ne da kamfanin shirya fina-finai na Arase, Raj da Heroes Films. <ref name="City People" /> Bayan kwangilarsa da Venus Film ta ƙare, ya ci gaba da yin nasa shirye-shiryen ta hanyar kamfaninsa, wanda tun daga lokacin ya fitar da fitattun fina-finai kamar ''[[Somewhere in Africa]]'' da kuma fim ɗin ''[[Iyore]]'' . <ref name="City People" /> [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] fxsoy0rvyv3c1rrvsexmd17z8kvcnq8 878540 878539 2026-07-07T14:46:12Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1342157415|Frank Rajah Arase]]" 878540 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Frank Rajah Efosa Arase''' [[Darakta|daraktan fina-finai ne]] na Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=GHANAIAN TOP DIRECTOR FRANK RAJAH ARASE SLEEPS WITH HOUSEMAID IN NIGERIA |url=http://www.modernghana.com/movie/7381/3/ghanaian-top-director-frank-rajah-arase-sleeps-wit.html |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=modernghana.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Movie Director, Frank Rajah Arase: 'I Feel Terribly Bad For Pioneering Indecency In Ghanaian Movies' |url=http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073035/http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=informationng.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=FRANK RAJAH ARASE REACTS TO RAPE ALLEGATION |url=http://www.thenigerianvoice.com/nvthread/3340/25528/1 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=thenigerianvoice.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Top Ghanaian Movie Director, Frank Rajah In Police Net In Lagos Over Multi-Million Naira Fraud |url=http://naijamayor.com/top-ghanaian-movie-director-frank-rajah-in-police-net-in-lagos-over-multi-million-naira-fraud/ |access-date=16 August 2014}}</ref> Arase ɗan asalin [[Edo|Jihar Edo]] ne, Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tolu |date=9 April 2014 |title=Movie Director, Frank Rajah Arase: 'I Feel Terribly Bad For Pioneering indecency In Ghanaian Movies' |url=http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073035/http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=16 August 2014 |website=Information Nigeria |publisher=Information NG}}</ref> An zaɓe shi a matsayin ''[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Director|Darakta Mafi Kyau]]'' a [[4th Africa Movie Academy Awards|Gasar Cin Kofin Fina-finai ta 4 ta Afirka]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=How I Discovered Many Ghanaian Movie Stars - Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819085317/http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=citypeoplemagazine.com.ng}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819084128/http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=ghananation.com}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Arase a [[Benin City (Birnin Benin)|birnin Benin]], Edo, Najeriya. Ya girma a Legas inda ya fara harkar fim. <ref name="City People">{{Cite web |last=Onuorah, Vivian |date=8 April 2014 |title="How I Discovered Many Ghanaian Movie Stars" - Nigerian Film-maker, Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819085317/http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=21 September 2014 |website=City People |publisher=City People Magazine}}</ref> == Sana'a == Arase ya fara harkar wasan kwaikwayo tun yana ƙarami. Ya fara aiki a matsayin mai wasan kwaikwayo a Najeriya; ya kasance mai rawa a ƙungiyar National Theatre kuma ya yi wasan kwaikwayo a kan dandamali. Ya haɗu da jarumi kuma darakta na Nollywood Paul Obazele, wanda ya horar da shi a masana'antar fim. Da farko ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne, wanda ya fito a fina-finai kamar ''Scores To Settle'', ''After School Hours'' . Son da yake yi wa kansa a bayan fage ya sa shi ya jagoranci fina-finansa. Bayan ya jagoranci wasu fina-finai a Najeriya, ya amince ya jagoranci wani fim ga kamfanin shirya fina-finai na Ghana, Venus Films, bayan ya ƙi yunƙurin da Kamfanin ya yi a baya. Ya jagoranci fim ɗin mai taken ''Official Prostitute'' in Ghana kuma ya ci gaba da yin fina-finai a Najeriya bayan haka. <ref name="City People" /> Daga ƙarshe, Abdul Salam Mumuni na Venus Films ya gabatar da kwangilar shekaru biyu ga Arase, wanda ya haɗa da gabatar da 'yan wasan Ghana cikin masana'antar fina-finan Nollywood da kuma sanya su zama taurarin da za su yi daidai da 'yan wasan Najeriya. 'Yan wasan Ghana da suka shahara ta hanyar wannan haɗin gwiwa sun haɗa da: [[Jackie Appiah]], [[Van Vicker]], [[Majid Michel]], [[Nadia Buari]], [[John Dumelo]], [[Kalsoume Sinare]] da [[Kofi Adjorlolo]] da sauransu. An tsawaita kwangilar na tsawon shekaru biyu wanda ya haifar da gabatar da ƙarin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo kamar [[Yvonne Nelson]], [[Juliet Ibrahim]], [[Frank Artus]] da [[Martha Ankomah]] . Fina-finan da aka shirya a wannan lokacin sun haɗa da: ''<nowiki/>'Yar Mummy'', ''Beyonce'', ''[[Heart of Men (fim)|Heart of Men]]'', ''[[The Game (2010 fim)|The Game]]'', ''Who Loves Me?,'' ''Princess Tyra'', ''The King is Nawa'', ''[[Agony of Christ (fim)|Agony of Christ]]'', ''Crime to Christ'' da sauransu da yawa. Fina-finan an haɗa su ne da kamfanin shirya fina-finai na Arase, Raj da Heroes Films. <ref name="City People" /> Bayan kwangilarsa da Venus Film ta ƙare, ya ci gaba da yin nasa shirye-shiryen ta hanyar kamfaninsa, wanda tun daga lokacin ya fitar da fitattun fina-finai kamar ''[[Somewhere in Africa]]'' da kuma fim ɗin ''[[Iyore]]'' . <ref name="City People" /> == Rayuwa ta sirri == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] k85yxza96nyqkurqnlmw2g8qsdxwrhu 878541 878540 2026-07-07T14:46:42Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1342157415|Frank Rajah Arase]]" 878541 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Frank Rajah Efosa Arase''' [[Darakta|daraktan fina-finai ne]] na Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=GHANAIAN TOP DIRECTOR FRANK RAJAH ARASE SLEEPS WITH HOUSEMAID IN NIGERIA |url=http://www.modernghana.com/movie/7381/3/ghanaian-top-director-frank-rajah-arase-sleeps-wit.html |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=modernghana.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Movie Director, Frank Rajah Arase: 'I Feel Terribly Bad For Pioneering Indecency In Ghanaian Movies' |url=http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073035/http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=informationng.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=FRANK RAJAH ARASE REACTS TO RAPE ALLEGATION |url=http://www.thenigerianvoice.com/nvthread/3340/25528/1 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=thenigerianvoice.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Top Ghanaian Movie Director, Frank Rajah In Police Net In Lagos Over Multi-Million Naira Fraud |url=http://naijamayor.com/top-ghanaian-movie-director-frank-rajah-in-police-net-in-lagos-over-multi-million-naira-fraud/ |access-date=16 August 2014}}</ref> Arase ɗan asalin [[Edo|Jihar Edo]] ne, Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tolu |date=9 April 2014 |title=Movie Director, Frank Rajah Arase: 'I Feel Terribly Bad For Pioneering indecency In Ghanaian Movies' |url=http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073035/http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=16 August 2014 |website=Information Nigeria |publisher=Information NG}}</ref> An zaɓe shi a matsayin ''[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Director|Darakta Mafi Kyau]]'' a [[4th Africa Movie Academy Awards|Gasar Cin Kofin Fina-finai ta 4 ta Afirka]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=How I Discovered Many Ghanaian Movie Stars - Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819085317/http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=citypeoplemagazine.com.ng}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819084128/http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=ghananation.com}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Arase a [[Benin City (Birnin Benin)|birnin Benin]], Edo, Najeriya. Ya girma a Legas inda ya fara harkar fim. <ref name="City People">{{Cite web |last=Onuorah, Vivian |date=8 April 2014 |title="How I Discovered Many Ghanaian Movie Stars" - Nigerian Film-maker, Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819085317/http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=21 September 2014 |website=City People |publisher=City People Magazine}}</ref> == Sana'a == Arase ya fara harkar wasan kwaikwayo tun yana ƙarami. Ya fara aiki a matsayin mai wasan kwaikwayo a Najeriya; ya kasance mai rawa a ƙungiyar National Theatre kuma ya yi wasan kwaikwayo a kan dandamali. Ya haɗu da jarumi kuma darakta na Nollywood Paul Obazele, wanda ya horar da shi a masana'antar fim. Da farko ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne, wanda ya fito a fina-finai kamar ''Scores To Settle'', ''After School Hours'' . Son da yake yi wa kansa a bayan fage ya sa shi ya jagoranci fina-finansa. Bayan ya jagoranci wasu fina-finai a Najeriya, ya amince ya jagoranci wani fim ga kamfanin shirya fina-finai na Ghana, Venus Films, bayan ya ƙi yunƙurin da Kamfanin ya yi a baya. Ya jagoranci fim ɗin mai taken ''Official Prostitute'' in Ghana kuma ya ci gaba da yin fina-finai a Najeriya bayan haka. <ref name="City People" /> Daga ƙarshe, Abdul Salam Mumuni na Venus Films ya gabatar da kwangilar shekaru biyu ga Arase, wanda ya haɗa da gabatar da 'yan wasan Ghana cikin masana'antar fina-finan Nollywood da kuma sanya su zama taurarin da za su yi daidai da 'yan wasan Najeriya. 'Yan wasan Ghana da suka shahara ta hanyar wannan haɗin gwiwa sun haɗa da: [[Jackie Appiah]], [[Van Vicker]], [[Majid Michel]], [[Nadia Buari]], [[John Dumelo]], [[Kalsoume Sinare]] da [[Kofi Adjorlolo]] da sauransu. An tsawaita kwangilar na tsawon shekaru biyu wanda ya haifar da gabatar da ƙarin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo kamar [[Yvonne Nelson]], [[Juliet Ibrahim]], [[Frank Artus]] da [[Martha Ankomah]] . Fina-finan da aka shirya a wannan lokacin sun haɗa da: ''<nowiki/>'Yar Mummy'', ''Beyonce'', ''[[Heart of Men (fim)|Heart of Men]]'', ''[[The Game (2010 fim)|The Game]]'', ''Who Loves Me?,'' ''Princess Tyra'', ''The King is Nawa'', ''[[Agony of Christ (fim)|Agony of Christ]]'', ''Crime to Christ'' da sauransu da yawa. Fina-finan an haɗa su ne da kamfanin shirya fina-finai na Arase, Raj da Heroes Films. <ref name="City People" /> Bayan kwangilarsa da Venus Film ta ƙare, ya ci gaba da yin nasa shirye-shiryen ta hanyar kamfaninsa, wanda tun daga lokacin ya fitar da fitattun fina-finai kamar ''[[Somewhere in Africa]]'' da kuma fim ɗin ''[[Iyore]]'' . <ref name="City People" /> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Arase shine ɗa na biyu a cikin iyalin. Yana da aure da wata mace 'yar ƙasar Sierra Leone kuma iyalinsa suna zaune a Najeriya. <ref name="City People" /> Arase a halin yanzu yana zaune a [[Accra]], Ghana da [[Lagos (birni)|Lagos]], [[Lagos (jiha)|Jihar Legas]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819084128/http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=22 September 2014 |publisher=Ghana Nation}}</ref> <ref name="City People" /> [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] c0dp82d7hcitui5bflnddzf3z38q54t 878542 878541 2026-07-07T14:47:15Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1342157415|Frank Rajah Arase]]" 878542 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Frank Rajah Efosa Arase''' [[Darakta|daraktan fina-finai ne]] na Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=GHANAIAN TOP DIRECTOR FRANK RAJAH ARASE SLEEPS WITH HOUSEMAID IN NIGERIA |url=http://www.modernghana.com/movie/7381/3/ghanaian-top-director-frank-rajah-arase-sleeps-wit.html |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=modernghana.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Movie Director, Frank Rajah Arase: 'I Feel Terribly Bad For Pioneering Indecency In Ghanaian Movies' |url=http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073035/http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=informationng.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=FRANK RAJAH ARASE REACTS TO RAPE ALLEGATION |url=http://www.thenigerianvoice.com/nvthread/3340/25528/1 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=thenigerianvoice.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Top Ghanaian Movie Director, Frank Rajah In Police Net In Lagos Over Multi-Million Naira Fraud |url=http://naijamayor.com/top-ghanaian-movie-director-frank-rajah-in-police-net-in-lagos-over-multi-million-naira-fraud/ |access-date=16 August 2014}}</ref> Arase ɗan asalin [[Edo|Jihar Edo]] ne, Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tolu |date=9 April 2014 |title=Movie Director, Frank Rajah Arase: 'I Feel Terribly Bad For Pioneering indecency In Ghanaian Movies' |url=http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073035/http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=16 August 2014 |website=Information Nigeria |publisher=Information NG}}</ref> An zaɓe shi a matsayin ''[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Director|Darakta Mafi Kyau]]'' a [[4th Africa Movie Academy Awards|Gasar Cin Kofin Fina-finai ta 4 ta Afirka]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=How I Discovered Many Ghanaian Movie Stars - Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819085317/http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=citypeoplemagazine.com.ng}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819084128/http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=ghananation.com}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Arase a [[Benin City (Birnin Benin)|birnin Benin]], Edo, Najeriya. Ya girma a Legas inda ya fara harkar fim. <ref name="City People">{{Cite web |last=Onuorah, Vivian |date=8 April 2014 |title="How I Discovered Many Ghanaian Movie Stars" - Nigerian Film-maker, Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819085317/http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=21 September 2014 |website=City People |publisher=City People Magazine}}</ref> == Sana'a == Arase ya fara harkar wasan kwaikwayo tun yana ƙarami. Ya fara aiki a matsayin mai wasan kwaikwayo a Najeriya; ya kasance mai rawa a ƙungiyar National Theatre kuma ya yi wasan kwaikwayo a kan dandamali. Ya haɗu da jarumi kuma darakta na Nollywood Paul Obazele, wanda ya horar da shi a masana'antar fim. Da farko ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne, wanda ya fito a fina-finai kamar ''Scores To Settle'', ''After School Hours'' . Son da yake yi wa kansa a bayan fage ya sa shi ya jagoranci fina-finansa. Bayan ya jagoranci wasu fina-finai a Najeriya, ya amince ya jagoranci wani fim ga kamfanin shirya fina-finai na Ghana, Venus Films, bayan ya ƙi yunƙurin da Kamfanin ya yi a baya. Ya jagoranci fim ɗin mai taken ''Official Prostitute'' in Ghana kuma ya ci gaba da yin fina-finai a Najeriya bayan haka. <ref name="City People" /> Daga ƙarshe, Abdul Salam Mumuni na Venus Films ya gabatar da kwangilar shekaru biyu ga Arase, wanda ya haɗa da gabatar da 'yan wasan Ghana cikin masana'antar fina-finan Nollywood da kuma sanya su zama taurarin da za su yi daidai da 'yan wasan Najeriya. 'Yan wasan Ghana da suka shahara ta hanyar wannan haɗin gwiwa sun haɗa da: [[Jackie Appiah]], [[Van Vicker]], [[Majid Michel]], [[Nadia Buari]], [[John Dumelo]], [[Kalsoume Sinare]] da [[Kofi Adjorlolo]] da sauransu. An tsawaita kwangilar na tsawon shekaru biyu wanda ya haifar da gabatar da ƙarin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo kamar [[Yvonne Nelson]], [[Juliet Ibrahim]], [[Frank Artus]] da [[Martha Ankomah]] . Fina-finan da aka shirya a wannan lokacin sun haɗa da: ''<nowiki/>'Yar Mummy'', ''Beyonce'', ''[[Heart of Men (fim)|Heart of Men]]'', ''[[The Game (2010 fim)|The Game]]'', ''Who Loves Me?,'' ''Princess Tyra'', ''The King is Nawa'', ''[[Agony of Christ (fim)|Agony of Christ]]'', ''Crime to Christ'' da sauransu da yawa. Fina-finan an haɗa su ne da kamfanin shirya fina-finai na Arase, Raj da Heroes Films. <ref name="City People" /> Bayan kwangilarsa da Venus Film ta ƙare, ya ci gaba da yin nasa shirye-shiryen ta hanyar kamfaninsa, wanda tun daga lokacin ya fitar da fitattun fina-finai kamar ''[[Somewhere in Africa]]'' da kuma fim ɗin ''[[Iyore]]'' . <ref name="City People" /> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Arase shine ɗa na biyu a cikin iyalin. Yana da aure da wata mace 'yar ƙasar Sierra Leone kuma iyalinsa suna zaune a Najeriya. <ref name="City People" /> Arase a halin yanzu yana zaune a [[Accra]], Ghana da [[Lagos (birni)|Lagos]], [[Lagos (jiha)|Jihar Legas]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819084128/http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=22 September 2014 |publisher=Ghana Nation}}</ref> <ref name="City People" /> * ''Dawowar Beyonce (2006)'' * ''[[Yarinyar Mummy|<nowiki/>'Yar Mama]] (2006)'' * ''[[Princess Tyra|Gimbiya Tyra]] (2007)'' * ''Laifi ga Almasihu (2007)'' * ''Soyayyar Rai (2008)'' * ''Zuciyar Maza (2009)'' * ''[[Agony of Christ (fim)|Tashin Zuciyar Almasihu]] (2009)'' * ''Delilah (jerin talabijin)'' * ''[[4 Play (fim)|Wasa 4]] (2010)'' * ''Jarabawa (2010)'' * ''[[The Game (2010 fim)|Wasan]] (2010)'' * ''[[Somewhere in Africa|Wani wuri a Afirka]] (2011)'' * ''Amaryar Ango (2012)'' * ''Farashin (2013)'' * ''Wasiyya (2013)'' * ''[[Iyore]] (2014)'' * ''Tabo (2015)'' * ''Dole ne Ghana Ta Tafi (2016)'' * ''[[A cikin Ƙasa ta (fim na 2017)|A Ƙasata]] (2017)'' * [[Bound (fim na 2018)|''Hannu'']] (2018) * ''[[The Legend of Inikpi|Tatsuniya ta Inikpi]] (2020)'' * ''Ja Kafet (2022)'' * ''Ɗanɗanon Zunubi (2023)'' * ''Ƙwallon Ƙafa (2023)'' [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 8v7og4x69rrb36bsydrkfe8u4ga2r3w 878543 878542 2026-07-07T14:47:27Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1342157415|Frank Rajah Arase]]" 878543 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Frank Rajah Efosa Arase''' [[Darakta|daraktan fina-finai ne]] na Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=GHANAIAN TOP DIRECTOR FRANK RAJAH ARASE SLEEPS WITH HOUSEMAID IN NIGERIA |url=http://www.modernghana.com/movie/7381/3/ghanaian-top-director-frank-rajah-arase-sleeps-wit.html |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=modernghana.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Movie Director, Frank Rajah Arase: 'I Feel Terribly Bad For Pioneering Indecency In Ghanaian Movies' |url=http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073035/http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=informationng.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=FRANK RAJAH ARASE REACTS TO RAPE ALLEGATION |url=http://www.thenigerianvoice.com/nvthread/3340/25528/1 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=thenigerianvoice.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Top Ghanaian Movie Director, Frank Rajah In Police Net In Lagos Over Multi-Million Naira Fraud |url=http://naijamayor.com/top-ghanaian-movie-director-frank-rajah-in-police-net-in-lagos-over-multi-million-naira-fraud/ |access-date=16 August 2014}}</ref> Arase ɗan asalin [[Edo|Jihar Edo]] ne, Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tolu |date=9 April 2014 |title=Movie Director, Frank Rajah Arase: 'I Feel Terribly Bad For Pioneering indecency In Ghanaian Movies' |url=http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073035/http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=16 August 2014 |website=Information Nigeria |publisher=Information NG}}</ref> An zaɓe shi a matsayin ''[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Director|Darakta Mafi Kyau]]'' a [[4th Africa Movie Academy Awards|Gasar Cin Kofin Fina-finai ta 4 ta Afirka]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=How I Discovered Many Ghanaian Movie Stars - Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819085317/http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=citypeoplemagazine.com.ng}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819084128/http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=ghananation.com}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Arase a [[Benin City (Birnin Benin)|birnin Benin]], Edo, Najeriya. Ya girma a Legas inda ya fara harkar fim. <ref name="City People">{{Cite web |last=Onuorah, Vivian |date=8 April 2014 |title="How I Discovered Many Ghanaian Movie Stars" - Nigerian Film-maker, Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819085317/http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=21 September 2014 |website=City People |publisher=City People Magazine}}</ref> == Sana'a == Arase ya fara harkar wasan kwaikwayo tun yana ƙarami. Ya fara aiki a matsayin mai wasan kwaikwayo a Najeriya; ya kasance mai rawa a ƙungiyar National Theatre kuma ya yi wasan kwaikwayo a kan dandamali. Ya haɗu da jarumi kuma darakta na Nollywood Paul Obazele, wanda ya horar da shi a masana'antar fim. Da farko ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne, wanda ya fito a fina-finai kamar ''Scores To Settle'', ''After School Hours'' . Son da yake yi wa kansa a bayan fage ya sa shi ya jagoranci fina-finansa. Bayan ya jagoranci wasu fina-finai a Najeriya, ya amince ya jagoranci wani fim ga kamfanin shirya fina-finai na Ghana, Venus Films, bayan ya ƙi yunƙurin da Kamfanin ya yi a baya. Ya jagoranci fim ɗin mai taken ''Official Prostitute'' in Ghana kuma ya ci gaba da yin fina-finai a Najeriya bayan haka. <ref name="City People" /> Daga ƙarshe, Abdul Salam Mumuni na Venus Films ya gabatar da kwangilar shekaru biyu ga Arase, wanda ya haɗa da gabatar da 'yan wasan Ghana cikin masana'antar fina-finan Nollywood da kuma sanya su zama taurarin da za su yi daidai da 'yan wasan Najeriya. 'Yan wasan Ghana da suka shahara ta hanyar wannan haɗin gwiwa sun haɗa da: [[Jackie Appiah]], [[Van Vicker]], [[Majid Michel]], [[Nadia Buari]], [[John Dumelo]], [[Kalsoume Sinare]] da [[Kofi Adjorlolo]] da sauransu. An tsawaita kwangilar na tsawon shekaru biyu wanda ya haifar da gabatar da ƙarin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo kamar [[Yvonne Nelson]], [[Juliet Ibrahim]], [[Frank Artus]] da [[Martha Ankomah]] . Fina-finan da aka shirya a wannan lokacin sun haɗa da: ''<nowiki/>'Yar Mummy'', ''Beyonce'', ''[[Heart of Men (fim)|Heart of Men]]'', ''[[The Game (2010 fim)|The Game]]'', ''Who Loves Me?,'' ''Princess Tyra'', ''The King is Nawa'', ''[[Agony of Christ (fim)|Agony of Christ]]'', ''Crime to Christ'' da sauransu da yawa. Fina-finan an haɗa su ne da kamfanin shirya fina-finai na Arase, Raj da Heroes Films. <ref name="City People" /> Bayan kwangilarsa da Venus Film ta ƙare, ya ci gaba da yin nasa shirye-shiryen ta hanyar kamfaninsa, wanda tun daga lokacin ya fitar da fitattun fina-finai kamar ''[[Somewhere in Africa]]'' da kuma fim ɗin ''[[Iyore]]'' . <ref name="City People" /> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Arase shine ɗa na biyu a cikin iyalin. Yana da aure da wata mace 'yar ƙasar Sierra Leone kuma iyalinsa suna zaune a Najeriya. <ref name="City People" /> Arase a halin yanzu yana zaune a [[Accra]], Ghana da [[Lagos (birni)|Lagos]], [[Lagos (jiha)|Jihar Legas]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819084128/http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=22 September 2014 |publisher=Ghana Nation}}</ref> <ref name="City People" /> == Fim ɗin fim == * ''Dawowar Beyonce (2006)'' * ''[[Yarinyar Mummy|<nowiki/>'Yar Mama]] (2006)'' * ''[[Princess Tyra|Gimbiya Tyra]] (2007)'' * ''Laifi ga Almasihu (2007)'' * ''Soyayyar Rai (2008)'' * ''Zuciyar Maza (2009)'' * ''[[Agony of Christ (fim)|Tashin Zuciyar Almasihu]] (2009)'' * ''Delilah (jerin talabijin)'' * ''[[4 Play (fim)|Wasa 4]] (2010)'' * ''Jarabawa (2010)'' * ''[[The Game (2010 fim)|Wasan]] (2010)'' * ''[[Somewhere in Africa|Wani wuri a Afirka]] (2011)'' * ''Amaryar Ango (2012)'' * ''Farashin (2013)'' * ''Wasiyya (2013)'' * ''[[Iyore]] (2014)'' * ''Tabo (2015)'' * ''Dole ne Ghana Ta Tafi (2016)'' * ''[[A cikin Ƙasa ta (fim na 2017)|A Ƙasata]] (2017)'' * [[Bound (fim na 2018)|''Hannu'']] (2018) * ''[[The Legend of Inikpi|Tatsuniya ta Inikpi]] (2020)'' * ''Ja Kafet (2022)'' * ''Ɗanɗanon Zunubi (2023)'' * ''Ƙwallon Ƙafa (2023)'' [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] nkmjy8heul78uo43l6huelr1qvszven 878544 878543 2026-07-07T14:48:11Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 878544 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Frank Rajah Efosa Arase''' [[Darakta|daraktan fina-finai ne]] na Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=GHANAIAN TOP DIRECTOR FRANK RAJAH ARASE SLEEPS WITH HOUSEMAID IN NIGERIA |url=http://www.modernghana.com/movie/7381/3/ghanaian-top-director-frank-rajah-arase-sleeps-wit.html |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=modernghana.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Movie Director, Frank Rajah Arase: 'I Feel Terribly Bad For Pioneering Indecency In Ghanaian Movies' |url=http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073035/http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=informationng.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=FRANK RAJAH ARASE REACTS TO RAPE ALLEGATION |url=http://www.thenigerianvoice.com/nvthread/3340/25528/1 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=thenigerianvoice.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Top Ghanaian Movie Director, Frank Rajah In Police Net In Lagos Over Multi-Million Naira Fraud |url=http://naijamayor.com/top-ghanaian-movie-director-frank-rajah-in-police-net-in-lagos-over-multi-million-naira-fraud/ |access-date=16 August 2014}}</ref> Arase ɗan asalin [[Edo|Jihar Edo]] ne, Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tolu |date=9 April 2014 |title=Movie Director, Frank Rajah Arase: 'I Feel Terribly Bad For Pioneering indecency In Ghanaian Movies' |url=http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073035/http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=16 August 2014 |website=Information Nigeria |publisher=Information NG}}</ref> An zaɓe shi a matsayin ''[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Director|Darakta Mafi Kyau]]'' a [[4th Africa Movie Academy Awards|Gasar Cin Kofin Fina-finai ta 4 ta Afirka]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=How I Discovered Many Ghanaian Movie Stars - Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819085317/http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=citypeoplemagazine.com.ng}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819084128/http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=ghananation.com}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Arase a [[Benin City (Birnin Benin)|birnin Benin]], Edo, Najeriya. Ya girma a Legas inda ya fara harkar fim. <ref name="City People">{{Cite web |last=Onuorah, Vivian |date=8 April 2014 |title="How I Discovered Many Ghanaian Movie Stars" - Nigerian Film-maker, Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819085317/http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=21 September 2014 |website=City People |publisher=City People Magazine}}</ref> == Sana'a == Arase ya fara harkar wasan kwaikwayo tun yana ƙarami. Ya fara aiki a matsayin mai wasan kwaikwayo a Najeriya; ya kasance mai rawa a ƙungiyar National Theatre kuma ya yi wasan kwaikwayo a kan dandamali. Ya haɗu da jarumi kuma darakta na Nollywood Paul Obazele, wanda ya horar da shi a masana'antar fim. Da farko ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne, wanda ya fito a fina-finai kamar ''Scores To Settle'', ''After School Hours'' . Son da yake yi wa kansa a bayan fage ya sa shi ya jagoranci fina-finansa. Bayan ya jagoranci wasu fina-finai a Najeriya, ya amince ya jagoranci wani fim ga kamfanin shirya fina-finai na Ghana, Venus Films, bayan ya ƙi yunƙurin da Kamfanin ya yi a baya. Ya jagoranci fim ɗin mai taken ''Official Prostitute'' in Ghana kuma ya ci gaba da yin fina-finai a Najeriya bayan haka. <ref name="City People" /> Daga ƙarshe, Abdul Salam Mumuni na Venus Films ya gabatar da kwangilar shekaru biyu ga Arase, wanda ya haɗa da gabatar da 'yan wasan Ghana cikin masana'antar fina-finan Nollywood da kuma sanya su zama taurarin da za su yi daidai da 'yan wasan Najeriya. 'Yan wasan Ghana da suka shahara ta hanyar wannan haɗin gwiwa sun haɗa da: [[Jackie Appiah]], [[Van Vicker]], [[Majid Michel]], [[Nadia Buari]], [[John Dumelo]], [[Kalsoume Sinare]] da [[Kofi Adjorlolo]] da sauransu. An tsawaita kwangilar na tsawon shekaru biyu wanda ya haifar da gabatar da ƙarin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo kamar [[Yvonne Nelson]], [[Juliet Ibrahim]], [[Frank Artus]] da [[Martha Ankomah]] . Fina-finan da aka shirya a wannan lokacin sun haɗa da: ''<nowiki/>'Yar Mummy'', ''Beyonce'', ''[[Heart of Men (fim)|Heart of Men]]'', ''[[The Game (2010 fim)|The Game]]'', ''Who Loves Me?,'' ''Princess Tyra'', ''The King is Nawa'', ''[[Agony of Christ (fim)|Agony of Christ]]'', ''Crime to Christ'' da sauransu da yawa. Fina-finan an haɗa su ne da kamfanin shirya fina-finai na Arase, Raj da Heroes Films. <ref name="City People" /> Bayan kwangilarsa da Venus Film ta ƙare, ya ci gaba da yin nasa shirye-shiryen ta hanyar kamfaninsa, wanda tun daga lokacin ya fitar da fitattun fina-finai kamar ''[[Somewhere in Africa]]'' da kuma fim ɗin ''[[Iyore]]'' . <ref name="City People" /> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Arase shine ɗa na biyu a cikin iyalin. Yana da aure da wata mace 'yar ƙasar Sierra Leone kuma iyalinsa suna zaune a Najeriya. <ref name="City People" /> Arase a halin yanzu yana zaune a [[Accra]], Ghana da [[Lagos (birni)|Lagos]], [[Lagos (jiha)|Jihar Legas]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819084128/http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=22 September 2014 |publisher=Ghana Nation}}</ref> <ref name="City People" /> == Fim ɗin fim == * ''Dawowar Beyonce (2006)'' * ''[[Yarinyar Mummy|<nowiki/>'Yar Mama]] (2006)'' * ''[[Princess Tyra|Gimbiya Tyra]] (2007)'' * ''Laifi ga Almasihu (2007)'' * ''Soyayyar Rai (2008)'' * ''Zuciyar Maza (2009)'' * ''[[Agony of Christ (fim)|Tashin Zuciyar Almasihu]] (2009)'' * ''Delilah (jerin talabijin)'' * ''[[4 Play (fim)|Wasa 4]] (2010)'' * ''Jarabawa (2010)'' * ''[[The Game (2010 fim)|Wasan]] (2010)'' * ''[[Somewhere in Africa|Wani wuri a Afirka]] (2011)'' * ''Amaryar Ango (2012)'' * ''Farashin (2013)'' * ''Wasiyya (2013)'' * ''[[Iyore]] (2014)'' * ''Tabo (2015)'' * ''Dole ne Ghana Ta Tafi (2016)'' * ''[[A cikin Ƙasa ta (fim na 2017)|A Ƙasata]] (2017)'' * [[Bound (fim na 2018)|''Hannu'']] (2018) * ''[[The Legend of Inikpi|Tatsuniya ta Inikpi]] (2020)'' * ''Ja Kafet (2022)'' * ''Ɗanɗanon Zunubi (2023)'' * ''Ƙwallon Ƙafa (2023)'' [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] bxh3148hl8fkwdf99cwyrgiqwmua96j 878545 878544 2026-07-07T14:48:32Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 878545 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Frank Rajah Efosa Arase''' [[Darakta|daraktan fina-finai ne]] na Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=GHANAIAN TOP DIRECTOR FRANK RAJAH ARASE SLEEPS WITH HOUSEMAID IN NIGERIA |url=http://www.modernghana.com/movie/7381/3/ghanaian-top-director-frank-rajah-arase-sleeps-wit.html |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=modernghana.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Movie Director, Frank Rajah Arase: 'I Feel Terribly Bad For Pioneering Indecency In Ghanaian Movies' |url=http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073035/http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=informationng.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=FRANK RAJAH ARASE REACTS TO RAPE ALLEGATION |url=http://www.thenigerianvoice.com/nvthread/3340/25528/1 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=thenigerianvoice.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Top Ghanaian Movie Director, Frank Rajah In Police Net In Lagos Over Multi-Million Naira Fraud |url=http://naijamayor.com/top-ghanaian-movie-director-frank-rajah-in-police-net-in-lagos-over-multi-million-naira-fraud/ |access-date=16 August 2014}}</ref> Arase ɗan asalin [[Edo|Jihar Edo]] ne, Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tolu |date=9 April 2014 |title=Movie Director, Frank Rajah Arase: 'I Feel Terribly Bad For Pioneering indecency In Ghanaian Movies' |url=http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073035/http://www.informationng.com/2014/04/movie-director-frank-rajah-arase-i-feel-terribly-bad-for-pioneering-nudity-in-ghanaian-movies.html |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=16 August 2014 |website=Information Nigeria |publisher=Information NG}}</ref> An zaɓe shi a matsayin ''[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Director|Darakta Mafi Kyau]]'' a [[4th Africa Movie Academy Awards|Gasar Cin Kofin Fina-finai ta 4 ta Afirka]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=How I Discovered Many Ghanaian Movie Stars - Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819085317/http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=citypeoplemagazine.com.ng}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819084128/http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=16 August 2014 |publisher=ghananation.com}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Arase a [[Benin City (Birnin Benin)|birnin Benin]], Edo, Najeriya. Ya girma a Legas inda ya fara harkar fim. <ref name="City People">{{Cite web |last=Onuorah, Vivian |date=8 April 2014 |title="How I Discovered Many Ghanaian Movie Stars" - Nigerian Film-maker, Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819085317/http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=21 September 2014 |website=City People |publisher=City People Magazine}}</ref> == Sana'a == Arase ya fara harkar wasan kwaikwayo tun yana ƙarami. Ya fara aiki a matsayin mai wasan kwaikwayo a Najeriya; ya kasance mai rawa a ƙungiyar National Theatre kuma ya yi wasan kwaikwayo a kan dandamali. Ya haɗu da jarumi kuma darakta na Nollywood Paul Obazele, wanda ya horar da shi a masana'antar fim. Da farko ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne, wanda ya fito a fina-finai kamar ''Scores To Settle'', ''After School Hours'' . Son da yake yi wa kansa a bayan fage ya sa shi ya jagoranci fina-finansa. Bayan ya jagoranci wasu fina-finai a Najeriya, ya amince ya jagoranci wani fim ga kamfanin shirya fina-finai na Ghana, Venus Films, bayan ya ƙi yunƙurin da Kamfanin ya yi a baya. Ya jagoranci fim ɗin mai taken ''Official Prostitute'' in Ghana kuma ya ci gaba da yin fina-finai a Najeriya bayan haka. <ref name="City People" /> Daga ƙarshe, Abdul Salam Mumuni na Venus Films ya gabatar da kwangilar shekaru biyu ga Arase, wanda ya haɗa da gabatar da 'yan wasan Ghana cikin masana'antar fina-finan Nollywood da kuma sanya su zama taurarin da za su yi daidai da 'yan wasan Najeriya. 'Yan wasan Ghana da suka shahara ta hanyar wannan haɗin gwiwa sun haɗa da: [[Jackie Appiah]], [[Van Vicker]], [[Majid Michel]], [[Nadia Buari]], [[John Dumelo]], [[Kalsoume Sinare]] da [[Kofi Adjorlolo]] da sauransu. An tsawaita kwangilar na tsawon shekaru biyu wanda ya haifar da gabatar da ƙarin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo kamar [[Yvonne Nelson]], [[Juliet Ibrahim]], [[Frank Artus]] da [[Martha Ankomah]] . Fina-finan da aka shirya a wannan lokacin sun haɗa da: ''<nowiki/>'Yar Mummy'', ''Beyonce'', ''[[Heart of Men (fim)|Heart of Men]]'', ''[[The Game (2010 fim)|The Game]]'', ''Who Loves Me?,'' ''Princess Tyra'', ''The King is Nawa'', ''[[Agony of Christ (fim)|Agony of Christ]]'', ''Crime to Christ'' da sauransu da yawa. Fina-finan an haɗa su ne da kamfanin shirya fina-finai na Arase, Raj da Heroes Films. <ref name="City People" /> Bayan kwangilarsa da Venus Film ta ƙare, ya ci gaba da yin nasa shirye-shiryen ta hanyar kamfaninsa, wanda tun daga lokacin ya fitar da fitattun fina-finai kamar ''[[Somewhere in Africa]]'' da kuma fim ɗin ''[[Iyore]]'' . <ref name="City People" /> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Arase shine ɗa na biyu a cikin iyalin. Yana da aure da wata mace 'yar ƙasar Sierra Leone kuma iyalinsa suna zaune a Najeriya. <ref name="City People" /> Arase a halin yanzu yana zaune a [[Accra]], Ghana da [[Lagos (birni)|Lagos]], [[Lagos (jiha)|Jihar Legas]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Frank Rajah Arase |url=http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819084128/http://content.ghananation.com/articles/Frank-Rajah.aspx |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=22 September 2014 |publisher=Ghana Nation}}</ref> <ref name="City People" /> == Fim ɗin fim == * ''Dawowar Beyonce (2006)'' * ''[[Yarinyar Mummy|<nowiki/>'Yar Mama]] (2006)'' * ''[[Princess Tyra|Gimbiya Tyra]] (2007)'' * ''Laifi ga Almasihu (2007)'' * ''Soyayyar Rai (2008)'' * ''Zuciyar Maza (2009)'' * ''[[Agony of Christ (fim)|Tashin Zuciyar Almasihu]] (2009)'' * ''Delilah (jerin talabijin)'' * ''[[4 Play (fim)|Wasa 4]] (2010)'' * ''Jarabawa (2010)'' * ''[[The Game (2010 fim)|Wasan]] (2010)'' * ''[[Somewhere in Africa|Wani wuri a Afirka]] (2011)'' * ''Amaryar Ango (2012)'' * ''Farashin (2013)'' * ''Wasiyya (2013)'' * ''[[Iyore]] (2014)'' * ''Tabo (2015)'' * ''Dole ne Ghana Ta Tafi (2016)'' * ''[[A cikin Ƙasa ta (fim na 2017)|A Ƙasata]] (2017)'' * [[Bound (fim na 2018)|''Hannu'']] (2018) * ''[[The Legend of Inikpi|Tatsuniya ta Inikpi]] (2020)'' * ''Ja Kafet (2022)'' * ''Ɗanɗanon Zunubi (2023)'' * ''Ƙwallon Ƙafa (2023)'' [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] ==Manazarta 1weqlwqbyu7jwsf8v7f9e6kfdce3sqe 0 54110 878512 862595 2026-07-07T13:27:09Z Abdulrahman tahir shika 24962 An kirkira ta fassara "Awards and nominations" daga shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1351893632|Adasa Cookey]]" 878512 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist|Name=Adasa Cookey|image=AdasaCookey.jpg|Background=non_performing_personnel|Birth_name=Adasa Rawlinson Cookeygam|birth_date={{birth date and age|1981|10|21|df=y}}|birth_place=[[Port Harcourt]], [[Rivers State]], [[Nigeria]]|Occupations=[[Cinematographer]], editor, colourist, [[music video director]], [[commercial director]], [[filmmaker]]|Years_active=2010–present|website=www.adasacookey.com|module={{Infobox person | embed = yes | education = [[Rivers State University of Science and Technology]] }}}} '''Adasa Cookey''' (an haife shi a matsayin '''Adasa Rawlinson Cookeygam''' ) ɗalibi ne a [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]], darektan bidiyon kiɗa, mai shirya fina-finai, darektan kasuwanci, mai tsara launuka, kuma mai shirya fina-finai . <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 9, 2020 |title=Adasa Cookey: 10-Year Journey Of A Self-Taught Music Video Director |url=https://www.newtelegraphng.com/adasa-cookey-10-year-journey-of-a-self-taught-music-video-director/ |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 1, 2019 |title=Nigerian music videos best in Africa –Adasa Cookey |url=https://punchng.com/nigerian-music-videos-best-in-africa-adasa-cookey/ |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=April 26, 2019 |title=Movie director Adasa Cookey saves the job of a teller who paid him N4.3m instead of N432k |url=https://www.legit.ng/1235496-movie-director-adasa-cookey-saves-job-a-teller-paid-n43m-n432k.html |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref> Yana aiki da kuma ba da umarni ga Squareball Media Productions Limited inda shi ne kuma Babban Jami'in Gudanarwa na kamfanin, wanda kuma kamfani ne na rikodin da ke ɗauke da [[1da Banton]] da Eli Jae. <ref>{{Cite web |date=July 3, 2020 |title=ADASA COOKEY |url=https://www.maff.tv/credit/adasa-cookey |access-date=September 8, 2021 |archive-date=September 8, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908160217/https://www.maff.tv/credit/adasa-cookey |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Adasa a ranar 21 ga Oktoban shekarar 1981, a [[Port Harcourt]], [[Jihar Rivers]], [[Najeriya]] . Ya kuma yi ƙuruciyarsa a Port Harcourt, inda ya yi makarantar sakandare a Kwalejin Bereton da Kwalejin Gwamnatin Tarayya. Bayan haka, ya ci gaba da karatu a [[Jami'ar Jihar Ribas|Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Jihar Rivers]] kuma ya sami digirin farko a fannin gine-gine. <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 9, 2020 |title=Adasa Cookey: 10-Year Journey Of A Self-Taught Music Video Director |url=https://www.newtelegraphng.com/adasa-cookey-10-year-journey-of-a-self-taught-music-video-director/ |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref> == Sana'a == Adasa ya bar aikinsa na wakilin kula da abokan ciniki a shekarar 2010 don ya canza sha'awarsa ta gyaran bidiyo kai tsaye. Ya jagoranci bidiyon kiɗan mawakan kiɗa kamar [[Davido]], [[Burna Boy]], [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]], [[Adekunle Gold]], [[D'Prince]], da [[Don Jazzy]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=August 9, 2020 |title=Adasa Cookey: 10-Year Journey Of A Self-Taught Music Video Director |url=https://www.newtelegraphng.com/adasa-cookey-10-year-journey-of-a-self-taught-music-video-director/ |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=December 1, 2019 |title=Nigerian music videos best in Africa –Adasa Cookey |url=https://punchng.com/nigerian-music-videos-best-in-africa-adasa-cookey/ |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=April 26, 2019 |title=Movie director Adasa Cookey saves the job of a teller who paid him N4.3m instead of N432k |url=https://www.legit.ng/1235496-movie-director-adasa-cookey-saves-job-a-teller-paid-n43m-n432k.html |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref> == Zaɓaɓɓen bidiyon bidiyo == * [[Burna Boy]] – Like To Biki (2013) <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 9, 2020 |title=Adasa Cookey: 10-Year Journey Of A Self-Taught Music Video Director |url=https://www.newtelegraphng.com/adasa-cookey-10-year-journey-of-a-self-taught-music-video-director/ |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref> * D'Prince – Jakar Goody (2013) * Ketchup - Nuna Ni Yuh Rozay (2013) * [[Mavin Records|Mavins]] All Stars - Adaobi (2014) <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 1, 2019 |title=Nigerian music videos best in Africa –Adasa Cookey |url=https://punchng.com/nigerian-music-videos-best-in-africa-adasa-cookey/ |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref> * DJ Xclusive ft [[Davido]] – Wo Le (2015) * [[Adekunle Gold]] - Sade (2015) <ref>{{Cite web |date=April 26, 2019 |title=Movie director Adasa Cookey saves the job of a teller who paid him N4.3m instead of N432k |url=https://www.legit.ng/1235496-movie-director-adasa-cookey-saves-job-a-teller-paid-n43m-n432k.html |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref> * [[Adekunle Gold]] - Ready (2016) * Ric Hassani - Kai Kawai (2017) * [[Orezi]] - Girbin Gindi (2017) <ref>{{Cite web |date=July 3, 2020 |title=ADASA COOKEY |url=https://www.maff.tv/credit/adasa-cookey |access-date=September 8, 2021 |archive-date=September 8, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908160217/https://www.maff.tv/credit/adasa-cookey |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Idahams - Toast (2017) * [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] – Selense (2019) <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 9, 2020 |title=Adasa Cookey: 10-Year Journey Of A Self-Taught Music Video Director |url=https://www.newtelegraphng.com/adasa-cookey-10-year-journey-of-a-self-taught-music-video-director/ |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref> * [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] – Ayo (2019) * [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] – Duduke (2020) <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 9, 2020 |title=Adasa Cookey: 10-Year Journey Of A Self-Taught Music Video Director |url=https://www.newtelegraphng.com/adasa-cookey-10-year-journey-of-a-self-taught-music-video-director/ |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref> * [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] ft Patoranking – Jericho (2019) <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 1, 2019 |title=Nigerian music videos best in Africa –Adasa Cookey |url=https://punchng.com/nigerian-music-videos-best-in-africa-adasa-cookey/ |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref> * Bebe Cool ft Rudeboy - Feeling (2020) * Runtown ft. Bella Shmurda, Darkovibes - Jiki Riddim (Video) (2020) <ref>{{Cite web |date=April 26, 2019 |title=Movie director Adasa Cookey saves the job of a teller who paid him N4.3m instead of N432k |url=https://www.legit.ng/1235496-movie-director-adasa-cookey-saves-job-a-teller-paid-n43m-n432k.html |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref> * [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] ft. [[Adekunle Gold]] – By You (2019) * Praiz – Madu (2020) * [[Niniola]] - Mai jaraba (2020) * Wande Coal ft. Wale – Again (Remix) (2020) * Wande Coal – Again (2020) * Idahams - Dala biliyan (2019) * Idahams -Ada (2020) * Idahams - Shiga Idona (2020) * Stonebwoy da [[Zlatan]] - Critical (2021) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Watch Stonebwoy’s new video for ‘Critical’ featuring Nigerian artist Zlatan – GRUNGECAKE |url=https://grungecake.com/stonebwoy-critical-zlatan/articles/77850 |access-date=2025-12-28 |archive-date=2024-11-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241127115353/https://grungecake.com/stonebwoy-critical-zlatan/articles/77850 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Lambobin yabo da nadin mukamai == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Aiki ! Bikin ! Nau'i ! Sakamako |- | rowspan="1" | 2016 | rowspan="1" | "kansa" | rowspan="1" | [[Kyautar fim ta Mutanen birni|Nishaɗin Jama'a na Birni]] | ''Mafi kyawun Daraktan Bidiyon Kiɗa na Shekara'' <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 9, 2020 |title=Adasa Cookey: 10-Year Journey Of A Self-Taught Music Video Director |url=https://www.newtelegraphng.com/adasa-cookey-10-year-journey-of-a-self-taught-music-video-director/ |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref>| {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="1" | 2020 | rowspan="1" | [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] ft Patoranking "Jericho" | rowspan="1" | Bikin Kyaututtukan MVP na Soundcity | ''Bidiyon Shekara'' <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 1, 2019 |title=Nigerian music videos best in Africa –Adasa Cookey |url=https://punchng.com/nigerian-music-videos-best-in-africa-adasa-cookey/ |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref>| {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="1" | 2020 | rowspan="1" | "Kansa" | rowspan="1" | KYAUTUTTUKAN GALAXY | ''Daraktan Bidiyo na Shekara''| {{Won}} |- | rowspan="1" | 2019 | rowspan="1" | [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] ft Patoranking "Jericho" | rowspan="1" | Kyautar AFRIMA | ''Bidiyon Afirka Mafi Kyau'' <ref>{{Cite web |date=April 26, 2019 |title=Movie director Adasa Cookey saves the job of a teller who paid him N4.3m instead of N432k |url=https://www.legit.ng/1235496-movie-director-adasa-cookey-saves-job-a-teller-paid-n43m-n432k.html |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref>| {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="1" | 2017 | rowspan="1" | Orezi, "Tukunyar Girki" | rowspan="1" | Kyautar AFRIMA | ''Bidiyon Afirka Mafi Kyau Na Shekara'' <ref>{{Cite web |date=July 3, 2020 |title=ADASA COOKEY |url=https://www.maff.tv/credit/adasa-cookey |access-date=September 8, 2021 |archive-date=September 8, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908160217/https://www.maff.tv/credit/adasa-cookey |url-status=dead }}</ref>| {{Won}} |- | rowspan="1" | 2016 | rowspan="1" | [[Adekunle Gold]], "Ka ɗauki Kiran" | rowspan="1" | Kyaututtukan Bidiyon Kiɗa na Najeriya | ''Mafi kyawun Fim'' <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 9, 2020 |title=Adasa Cookey: 10-Year Journey Of A Self-Taught Music Video Director |url=https://www.newtelegraphng.com/adasa-cookey-10-year-journey-of-a-self-taught-music-video-director/ |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref>| {{Won}} |- | rowspan="1" | 2016 | rowspan="1" | Ranti, "Iwe Ki Ko" | rowspan="1" | Kyaututtukan Bidiyon Kiɗa na Najeriya | ''Mafi kyawun Edita'' <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 9, 2020 |title=Adasa Cookey: 10-Year Journey Of A Self-Taught Music Video Director |url=https://www.newtelegraphng.com/adasa-cookey-10-year-journey-of-a-self-taught-music-video-director/ |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref>| {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="1" | 2016 | rowspan="1" | Ranti, "Iwe Ki Ko" | rowspan="1" | Kyaututtukan Bidiyon Kiɗa na Najeriya | ''Mafi kyawun Darakta'' <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 1, 2019 |title=Nigerian music videos best in Africa –Adasa Cookey |url=https://punchng.com/nigerian-music-videos-best-in-africa-adasa-cookey/ |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref>| {{Nom}} |} == Early life == Bayan haka, ya kuma ci gaba da karatu a [[Jami'ar Jihar Ribas|Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Jihar Rivers]] sannan kuma ya sami digiri na farko a Fasaha a Gine-gine.<ref>{{Cite web |date=September 23, 2015 |title=Adasa Cookey |url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/directory/adasa-cookey |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Aiki ! Bikin ! Nau'i ! Sakamako |- | rowspan="1" | 2016 | rowspan="1" | "kansa" | rowspan="1" | [[Kyautar fim ta Mutanen birni|Nishaɗin Jama'a na Birni]] | ''Mafi kyawun Daraktan Bidiyon Kiɗa na Shekara'' <ref>{{Cite web |date=July 6, 2016 |title=Wizkid, Tiwa Savage & Olamide Lead The 2016 City People Entertainment Award Nominees |url=https://jaguda.com/music-news/wizkid-tiwa-savage-olamide-lead-the-2016-city-people-entertainment-award-nominees/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210925085402/https://jaguda.com/music-news/wizkid-tiwa-savage-olamide-lead-the-2016-city-people-entertainment-award-nominees/ |archive-date=September 25, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref>| {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="1" | 2020 | rowspan="1" | [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] ft Patoranking "Jericho" | rowspan="1" | Bikin Kyaututtukan MVP na Soundcity | ''Bidiyon Shekara'' <ref>{{Cite web |date=January 13, 2020 |title=Soundcity MVP Awards 2020: All the winners |url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/soundcity-mvp-awards-2020-all-winners |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref>| {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="1" | 2020 | rowspan="1" | "Kansa" | rowspan="1" | KYAUTUTTUKAN GALAXY | ''Daraktan Bidiyo na Shekara''| {{Won}} |- | rowspan="1" | 2019 | rowspan="1" | [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] ft Patoranking "Jericho" | rowspan="1" | Kyautar AFRIMA | ''Bidiyon Afirka Mafi Kyau'' <ref>{{Cite web |date=November 25, 2019 |title=Burna Boy, 2Baba, Nadia win big at 2019 AFRIMA. See full list of winners |url=https://newscentral.africa/2019/11/25/full-list-winners-2019-afrima-awards/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211022233913/https://newscentral.africa/2019/11/25/full-list-winners-2019-afrima-awards/ |archive-date=October 22, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref>| {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="1" | 2017 | rowspan="1" | Orezi, "Tukunyar Girki" | rowspan="1" | Kyautar AFRIMA | ''Bidiyon Afirka Mafi Kyau Na Shekara'' <ref>{{Cite web |date=November 14, 2017 |title=AFRIMA 2017: Full List Of Winners |url=https://silverbirdtv.com/entertainment/38535/afrima-2017-full-list-of-winners/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908042408/https://silverbirdtv.com/entertainment/38535/afrima-2017-full-list-of-winners/ |archive-date=September 8, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref>| {{Won}} |- | rowspan="1" | 2016 | rowspan="1" | [[Adekunle Gold]], "Ka ɗauki Kiran" | rowspan="1" | Kyaututtukan Bidiyon Kiɗa na Najeriya | ''Mafi kyawun Fim'' <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 16, 2016 |title=2016 Nigeria Music Video Awards: See the list of winners |url=https://jaguda.com/music-news/2016-nigeria-music-video-awards-see-list-winners/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908160216/https://jaguda.com/music-news/2016-nigeria-music-video-awards-see-list-winners/ |archive-date=September 8, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref>| {{Won}} |- | rowspan="1" | 2016 | rowspan="1" | Ranti, "Iwe Ki Ko" | rowspan="1" | Kyaututtukan Bidiyon Kiɗa na Najeriya | ''Mafi kyawun Edita'' <ref>{{Cite web |date=November 17, 2016 |title=NMVA 2016 Nominees List |url=https://acceleratetv.com/wip/?p=22764 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908160217/https://acceleratetv.com/wip/?p=22764 |archive-date=September 8, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref>| {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="1" | 2016 | rowspan="1" | Ranti, "Iwe Ki Ko" | rowspan="1" | Kyaututtukan Bidiyon Kiɗa na Najeriya | ''Mafi kyawun Darakta'' | {{Nom}} |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{Official website|adasacookey.com}} {{Authority control}} [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1981]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] br76hmeccmj9voieosymwystf3pu1pe 878518 878512 2026-07-07T13:59:44Z Maiakwai4u 37986 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1351893632|Adasa Cookey]]" 878518 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Infobox musical artist|Name=Adasa Cookey|image=AdasaCookey.jpg|Background=non_performing_personnel|Birth_name=Adasa Rawlinson Cookeygam|birth_date={{birth date and age|1981|10|21|df=y}}|birth_place=[[Port Harcourt]], [[Rivers State]], [[Nigeria]]|Occupations=[[Cinematographer]], editor, colourist, [[music video director]], [[commercial director]], [[filmmaker]]|Years_active=2010–present|website=www.adasacookey.com|module={{Infobox person | embed = yes | education = [[Rivers State University of Science and Technology]] }}}}'''Adasa Cookey''' (an haife ta '''Adasa Rawlinson Cookeygam''') ita ce Daraktan bidiyon kiɗa [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Na Najeriya]], Mai daukar hoto, Daraktan kasuwanci, mai launi, kuma Mai shirya fim-finai. Yana aiki kuma yana jagorantar Squareball Media Productions Limited inda shi ne kuma babban jami'in kamfanin, wanda kuma lakabin rikodin ne wanda ke da gidaje [[1da Banton]] & Eli Jae . <ref>{{Cite web |date=July 3, 2020 |title=ADASA COOKEY |url=https://www.maff.tv/credit/adasa-cookey |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Adasa a ranar 21 ga Oktoba, 1981, a Port Harcourt, Jihar Rivers, [[Najeriya]]. Ya yi yarantakarsa a Port Harcourt, inda ya halarci makarantar sakandare a Kwalejin Bereton da Kwalejin Gwamnatin Tarayya. Bayan haka, ya ci gaba da karatu a [[Jami'ar Jihar Ribas|Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Jihar Rivers]] kuma ya sami digiri na farko a Fasaha a Gine-gine.<ref>{{Cite web |date=September 23, 2015 |title=Adasa Cookey |url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/directory/adasa-cookey |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Adasa ya bar aikin wakilin kula da abokan ciniki a cikin 2010 don canza sha'awarsa a cikin gyaran bidiyo da kai tsaye. Ya ba da umarnin bidiyon kiɗa na masu fasahar kiɗa kamar [[Davido]], Burna Boy, [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]], [[Adekunle Gold]], D'Prince, da [[Don Jazzy]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=May 12, 2021 |title=Top 10 Video Directors In Nigeria (2021) |url=https://infobusstop.com/top-10-video-directors-in-nigeria-2021/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908160216/https://infobusstop.com/top-10-video-directors-in-nigeria-2021/ |archive-date=September 8, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=June 1, 2020 |title=Adasa Cookey |url=https://imvdb.com/n/adasa-cookey/videography-by-position/dir |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=April 19, 2020 |title=[Video] SIMI – "Duduke" (Dir. By Adasa Cookey |url=https://tooxclusive.com/video-simi-duduke-dir-by-adasa-cookey/ |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref> == Hotunan bidiyo da aka zaɓa == * Burna Boy - Kamar Jam'iyyar (2013) <ref>{{Cite web |title=New Video- Like To Party By Burna Boy {{!}} Pulse Nigeria |url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/events/new-video-like-to-party-by-burna-boy/pt7dqw9}}</ref> * D'Prince - Goody Bag (2013) * Ketchup- Nuna Ni Yuh Rozay (2013) * [[Mavin Records|Mavins]] All Stars - Adaobi (2014) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Trending Video: Catch the Visuals for Adaobi by the Mavins Crew {{!}} BellaNaija |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2014/10/trending-video-catch-the-visuals-for-adaobi-by-the-mavins-crew/}}</ref> * DJ Xclusive ft [[Davido]] - Wo Le (2015) * [[Adekunle Gold]] - Sade (2015) <ref>{{Cite web |title=AdekunleGold Releases video for his single, Sade {{!}} News Ghana |url=https://newsghana.com.gh/adekunlegold-releases-video-for-his-single-sade/}}</ref> * [[Adekunle Gold]] - Shirye (2016) * Ric Hassani - Kai kaɗai (2017) * Ginin dafa abinci na [[Orezi]] (2017) * Idahams-Toast (2017) * [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] - Selense (2019) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Watch Simi's Beautiful Music Video For 'Selense' - OkayAfrica |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/simi-selense-video-watch-nigerian-music/}}</ref> * [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] - Ayo (2019) * [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] - Duduke (2020) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Simi - Duduke Official Video {{!}} Download Video MP4 » TrendyBeatz |url=https://trendybeatz.com/download-video/8676/simi-duduke-official-video}}</ref> * [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] ft Patoranking - Jericho (2019) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Download Video: Simi ft. Patoranking - Jericho |url=https://natirovibe.com/video-mp4/simi-patoranking-jericho/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908160217/https://natirovibe.com/video-mp4/simi-patoranking-jericho/ |archive-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref> * Bebe Cool ft Rudeboy - Jin (2020) * Runtown ft. Bella Shmurda, Darkovibes - Body Riddim (Video) (2020) <ref>{{Cite web |title=New Video: Runtown feat. Darkovibes & Bella Shmurda – Body Riddim {{!}} BellaNaija |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/02/runtown-darkovibes-body-riddim/}}</ref> * [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] ft. [[Adekunle Gold]] - By You (2019) * Praiz - Madu (2020) * [[Niniola]] - Mai shan miyagun ƙwayoyi (2020) * Wande Coal ft. Wale - Har ila yau (Remix) (2020) * Wande Coal - Har ila yau (2020) * Idahams-Biliyan Dollar (2019) * Idahams-Ada (2020) * Idahams-Zan Shigar da Idoyata (2020) * Stonebwoy ft. [[Zlatan]]- Mai sukar (2021) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Watch Stonebwoy's new video for 'Critical' featuring Nigerian artist Zlatan – GRUNGECAKE |url=https://grungecake.com/stonebwoy-critical-zlatan/articles/77850}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa == {| class="wikitable" !Year !Project !Ceremony !Category !Result |- | rowspan="1" |2016 | rowspan="1" |"himself" | rowspan="1" |[[Kyautar fim ta Mutanen birni|City People Entertainment]] |''Best Music Video Director of the Year'' <ref>{{Cite web |date=July 6, 2016 |title=Wizkid, Tiwa Savage & Olamide Lead The 2016 City People Entertainment Award Nominees |url=https://jaguda.com/music-news/wizkid-tiwa-savage-olamide-lead-the-2016-city-people-entertainment-award-nominees/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210925085402/https://jaguda.com/music-news/wizkid-tiwa-savage-olamide-lead-the-2016-city-people-entertainment-award-nominees/ |archive-date=September 25, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref> | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="1" |2020 | rowspan="1" |[[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] ft Patoranking "Jericho" | rowspan="1" |Soundcity MVP Awards Festival |''Video of the Year'' <ref>{{Cite web |date=January 13, 2020 |title=Soundcity MVP Awards 2020: All the winners |url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/soundcity-mvp-awards-2020-all-winners |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref> | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="1" |2020 | rowspan="1" |"Himself" | rowspan="1" |GALAXY AWARDS |''Video Director of the Year'' | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="1" |2019 | rowspan="1" |[[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] ft Patoranking "Jericho" | rowspan="1" |AFRIMA Award |''Best African Video'' <ref>{{Cite web |date=November 25, 2019 |title=Burna Boy, 2Baba, Nadia win big at 2019 AFRIMA. See full list of winners |url=https://newscentral.africa/2019/11/25/full-list-winners-2019-afrima-awards/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211022233913/https://newscentral.africa/2019/11/25/full-list-winners-2019-afrima-awards/ |archive-date=October 22, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref> | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="1" |2017 | rowspan="1" |Orezi, "Cooking Pot" | rowspan="1" |AFRIMA Award |''Best African Video of the Year'' <ref>{{Cite web |date=November 14, 2017 |title=AFRIMA 2017: Full List Of Winners |url=https://silverbirdtv.com/entertainment/38535/afrima-2017-full-list-of-winners/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908042408/https://silverbirdtv.com/entertainment/38535/afrima-2017-full-list-of-winners/ |archive-date=September 8, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref> | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="1" |2016 | rowspan="1" |[[Adekunle Gold]], "Pick Up the Call" | rowspan="1" |Nigeria Music Video Awards |''Best Cinematography'' <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 16, 2016 |title=2016 Nigeria Music Video Awards: See the list of winners |url=https://jaguda.com/music-news/2016-nigeria-music-video-awards-see-list-winners/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908160216/https://jaguda.com/music-news/2016-nigeria-music-video-awards-see-list-winners/ |archive-date=September 8, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref> | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="1" |2016 | rowspan="1" |Ranti, "Iwe Ki Ko" | rowspan="1" |Nigeria Music Video Awards |''Best Editor'' <ref>{{Cite web |date=November 17, 2016 |title=NMVA 2016 Nominees List |url=https://acceleratetv.com/wip/?p=22764 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908160217/https://acceleratetv.com/wip/?p=22764 |archive-date=September 8, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref> | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="1" |2016 | rowspan="1" |Ranti, "Iwe Ki Ko" | rowspan="1" |Nigeria Music Video Awards |''Best Director'' | {{Nom}} |} == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{Official website|adasacookey.com}} [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1981]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] rxk7ig4pgqzk747o05t2yilv3a46gnm 878520 878518 2026-07-07T14:07:00Z Maiakwai4u 37986 878520 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Infobox musical artist|Name=Adasa Cookey|image=AdasaCookey.jpg|Background=non_performing_personnel|Birth_name=Adasa Rawlinson Cookeygam|birth_date={{birth date and age|1981|10|21|df=y}}|birth_place=[[Port Harcourt]], [[Rivers State]], [[Nigeria]]|Occupations=[[Cinematographer]], editor, colourist, [[music video director]], [[commercial director]], [[filmmaker]]|Years_active=2010–present|website=www.adasacookey.com|module={{Infobox person | embed = yes | education = [[Rivers State University of Science and Technology]] }}}}'''Adasa Cookey''' (an haife ta '''Adasa Rawlinson Cookeygam''') ita ce Daraktan bidiyon kiɗa [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Na Najeriya]], Mai daukar hoto, Daraktan kasuwanci, mai launi, kuma Mai shirya fim-finai. Yana aiki kuma yana jagorantar Squareball Media Productions Limited inda shi ne kuma babban jami'in kamfanin, wanda kuma lakabin rikodin ne wanda ke da gidaje [[1da Banton]] & Eli Jae . <ref>{{Cite web |date=July 3, 2020 |title=ADASA COOKEY |url=https://www.maff.tv/credit/adasa-cookey |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Adasa a ranar 21 ga Oktoba, 1981, a Port Harcourt, Jihar Rivers, [[Najeriya]]. Ya yi yarantakarsa a Port Harcourt, inda ya halarci makarantar sakandare a Kwalejin Bereton da Kwalejin Gwamnatin Tarayya. Bayan haka, ya ci gaba da karatu a [[Jami'ar Jihar Ribas|Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Jihar Rivers]] kuma ya sami digiri na farko a Fasaha a Gine-gine.<ref>{{Cite web |date=September 23, 2015 |title=Adasa Cookey |url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/directory/adasa-cookey |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Adasa ya bar aikin wakilin kula da abokan ciniki a cikin 2010 don canza sha'awarsa a cikin gyaran bidiyo da kai tsaye. Ya ba da umarnin bidiyon kiɗa na masu fasahar kiɗa kamar [[Davido]], Burna Boy, [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]], [[Adekunle Gold]], D'Prince, da [[Don Jazzy]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=May 12, 2021 |title=Top 10 Video Directors In Nigeria (2021) |url=https://infobusstop.com/top-10-video-directors-in-nigeria-2021/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908160216/https://infobusstop.com/top-10-video-directors-in-nigeria-2021/ |archive-date=September 8, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=June 1, 2020 |title=Adasa Cookey |url=https://imvdb.com/n/adasa-cookey/videography-by-position/dir |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=April 19, 2020 |title=[Video] SIMI – "Duduke" (Dir. By Adasa Cookey |url=https://tooxclusive.com/video-simi-duduke-dir-by-adasa-cookey/ |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref> == Hotunan bidiyo da aka zaɓa == * Burna Boy - Kamar Jam'iyyar (2013) <ref>{{Cite web |title=New Video- Like To Party By Burna Boy {{!}} Pulse Nigeria |url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/events/new-video-like-to-party-by-burna-boy/pt7dqw9}}</ref> * D'Prince - Goody Bag (2013) * Ketchup- Nuna Ni Yuh Rozay (2013) * [[Mavin Records|Mavins]] All Stars - Adaobi (2014) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Trending Video: Catch the Visuals for Adaobi by the Mavins Crew {{!}} BellaNaija |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2014/10/trending-video-catch-the-visuals-for-adaobi-by-the-mavins-crew/}}</ref> * DJ Xclusive ft [[Davido]] - Wo Le (2015) * [[Adekunle Gold]] - Sade (2015) <ref>{{Cite web |title=AdekunleGold Releases video for his single, Sade {{!}} News Ghana |url=https://newsghana.com.gh/adekunlegold-releases-video-for-his-single-sade/}}</ref> * [[Adekunle Gold]] - Shirye (2016) * Ric Hassani - Kai kaɗai (2017) * Ginin dafa abinci na [[Orezi]] (2017) * Idahams-Toast (2017) * [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] - Selense (2019) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Watch Simi's Beautiful Music Video For 'Selense' - OkayAfrica |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/simi-selense-video-watch-nigerian-music/}}</ref> * [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] - Ayo (2019) * [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] - Duduke (2020) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Simi - Duduke Official Video {{!}} Download Video MP4 » TrendyBeatz |url=https://trendybeatz.com/download-video/8676/simi-duduke-official-video}}</ref> * [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] ft Patoranking - Jericho (2019) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Download Video: Simi ft. Patoranking - Jericho |url=https://natirovibe.com/video-mp4/simi-patoranking-jericho/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908160217/https://natirovibe.com/video-mp4/simi-patoranking-jericho/ |archive-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref> * Bebe Cool ft Rudeboy - Jin (2020) * Runtown ft. Bella Shmurda, Darkovibes - Body Riddim (Video) (2020) <ref>{{Cite web |title=New Video: Runtown feat. Darkovibes & Bella Shmurda – Body Riddim {{!}} BellaNaija |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/02/runtown-darkovibes-body-riddim/}}</ref> * [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] ft. [[Adekunle Gold]] - By You (2019) * Praiz - Madu (2020) * [[Niniola]] - Mai shan miyagun ƙwayoyi (2020) * Wande Coal ft. Wale - Har ila yau (Remix) (2020) * Wande Coal - Har ila yau (2020) * Idahams-Biliyan Dollar (2019) * Idahams-Ada (2020) * Idahams-Zan Shigar da Idoyata (2020) * Stonebwoy ft. [[Zlatan]]- Mai sukar (2021) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Watch Stonebwoy's new video for 'Critical' featuring Nigerian artist Zlatan – GRUNGECAKE |url=https://grungecake.com/stonebwoy-critical-zlatan/articles/77850}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa == {| class="wikitable" !Year !Project !Ceremony !Category !Result |- | rowspan="1" |2016 | rowspan="1" |"himself" | rowspan="1" |[[Kyautar fim ta Mutanen birni|City People Entertainment]] |''Best Music Video Director of the Year'' <ref>{{Cite web |date=July 6, 2016 |title=Wizkid, Tiwa Savage & Olamide Lead The 2016 City People Entertainment Award Nominees |url=https://jaguda.com/music-news/wizkid-tiwa-savage-olamide-lead-the-2016-city-people-entertainment-award-nominees/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210925085402/https://jaguda.com/music-news/wizkid-tiwa-savage-olamide-lead-the-2016-city-people-entertainment-award-nominees/ |archive-date=September 25, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref> | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="1" |2020 | rowspan="1" |[[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] ft Patoranking "Jericho" | rowspan="1" |Soundcity MVP Awards Festival |''Video of the Year'' <ref>{{Cite web |date=January 13, 2020 |title=Soundcity MVP Awards 2020: All the winners |url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/soundcity-mvp-awards-2020-all-winners |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref> | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="1" |2020 | rowspan="1" |"Himself" | rowspan="1" |GALAXY AWARDS |''Video Director of the Year'' | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="1" |2019 | rowspan="1" |[[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] ft Patoranking "Jericho" | rowspan="1" |AFRIMA Award |''Best African Video'' <ref>{{Cite web |date=November 25, 2019 |title=Burna Boy, 2Baba, Nadia win big at 2019 AFRIMA. See full list of winners |url=https://newscentral.africa/2019/11/25/full-list-winners-2019-afrima-awards/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211022233913/https://newscentral.africa/2019/11/25/full-list-winners-2019-afrima-awards/ |archive-date=October 22, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref> | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="1" |2017 | rowspan="1" |Orezi, "Cooking Pot" | rowspan="1" |AFRIMA Award |''Best African Video of the Year'' <ref>{{Cite web |date=November 14, 2017 |title=AFRIMA 2017: Full List Of Winners |url=https://silverbirdtv.com/entertainment/38535/afrima-2017-full-list-of-winners/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908042408/https://silverbirdtv.com/entertainment/38535/afrima-2017-full-list-of-winners/ |archive-date=September 8, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref> | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="1" |2016 | rowspan="1" |[[Adekunle Gold]], "Pick Up the Call" | rowspan="1" |Nigeria Music Video Awards |''Best Cinematography'' <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 16, 2016 |title=2016 Nigeria Music Video Awards: See the list of winners |url=https://jaguda.com/music-news/2016-nigeria-music-video-awards-see-list-winners/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908160216/https://jaguda.com/music-news/2016-nigeria-music-video-awards-see-list-winners/ |archive-date=September 8, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref> | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="1" |2016 | rowspan="1" |Ranti, "Iwe Ki Ko" | rowspan="1" |Nigeria Music Video Awards |''Best Editor'' <ref>{{Cite web |date=November 17, 2016 |title=NMVA 2016 Nominees List |url=https://acceleratetv.com/wip/?p=22764 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908160217/https://acceleratetv.com/wip/?p=22764 |archive-date=September 8, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}</ref> | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="1" |2016 | rowspan="1" |Ranti, "Iwe Ki Ko" | rowspan="1" |Nigeria Music Video Awards |''Best Director'' | {{Nom}} |} == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{Official website|adasacookey.com}} [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1981]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] thd1qchjb114u328ocphuq6y0fjmrtx 0 54121 878842 808068 2026-07-08T09:32:37Z Hamza DK 12444 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1354916137|Niji Akanni]]" 878842 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Niji Akanni''' Listenⓘ ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Najeriya, marubuci, darektan, furodusa kuma Mai shirya fim. == Ilimi == Akanni ya sami digiri na farko a fannin wasan kwaikwayo daga [[Jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo]] da kuma digiri na biyu a Nazarin Fim daga Jami'an Ibadan da kuma digiri mai zurfi (MFA) a rubuce-rubuce da Gudanar da Fim daga Cibiyar Fim da Talabijin ta Indiya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Niji Akanni: Solid Intelligent Filmmaker, Hardly known... |url=http://www.naijarules.com/xf/index.php?threads%2Fniji-akanni-solid-intelligent-filmmaker-hardly-known.39660%2F |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150413105405/http://www.naijarules.com/xf/index.php?threads%2Fniji-akanni-solid-intelligent-filmmaker-hardly-known.39660%2F |archive-date=2015-04-13 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=naijarules.com}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Ya rubuta, ya rubuta tare kuma ya ba da umarni ga wasu sanannun fina-finai na Najeriya da kuma shirye-shiryen gaskiya.<ref name="olawaleadegbuyi">{{Cite web |last=Olawale Adegbuyi |title=Aramotu directed by Niji Akanni |url=http://movietainmentmagazine.com/aramotu-directed-by-niji-akanni/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150417152306/http://movietainmentmagazine.com/aramotu-directed-by-niji-akanni/ |archive-date=2015-04-17 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=The Movietainment Magazine}}</ref> A matsayin daya daga cikin gabatarwar wasan kwaikwayo guda uku na Najeriya a Gasar Olympics ta Al'adu ta 2012 a London, ya jagoranci The Lion and the Jewel, wasan da marubucin Najeriya, Farfesa [[Wole Soyinka]] ya fara yi a shekarar 1959. A shekara ta 2005, ya kasance Mataimakin Darakta na kakar wasa ta farko ta Amstel Malta Box Office, wani shirin talabijin na gaskiya na Najeriya. A shekara ta 2006, ya kasance Darakta na Abun ciki a kan Big Brother Nigeria, a wannan shekarar da ya rubuta, The Narrow Path, fim din minti 95 wanda Mainframe Films da Television Productions suka samar kuma [[Tunde Kelani]] ya ba da umarni. Fim din, wanda ya nuna [[Sola Asedeko]] da [[Khabirat Kafidipe]] an daidaita shi daga The Virgin, littafi na farko na [[Bayo Adebowale]] . A shekara ta 2008, ya ba da umarnin ''[[Abobaku]]'', wani ɗan gajeren fim a cikin ma'auni na Super-16mm, wanda [[Femi Odugbemi]] ya samar a kan aikin MNET na New Directions. ''[[Abobaku]]'' ya lashe kyaututtuka da yawa, ciki har da Kyautar Mafi Kyawun Fim a Bikin Fim na ZUMA na 2010 a [[Abuja]], Najeriya; Kyautattun Kayan Kayan Kudancin Aikin Kudancin Afirka na 6 da aka gudanar a ranar 10 ga Afrilu 2010 a Cibiyar Al'adu ta Gloryland a [[Yenagoa]], [[Bayelsa|Jihar Bayelsa]], Najeriya; kuma an yi masa hukunci mafi Kyawun Fimi a 2010 TERRACOTA Awards a Legas, Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Africultures - Fiche film : Abobaku |url=http://www.africultures.com/php/index.php?nav=film&no=15918 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150413232036/http://www.africultures.com/php/index.php?nav=film&no=15918 |archive-date=2015-04-13 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=africultures.com}}</ref> A shekarar 2010, ya rubuta kuma ya ba da umarni ga Aramotu, wani fim na dijital na wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya wanda Gabriel Afolayan ya fito a ciki. Fim ɗin ya sami sunayen mutane 7 a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na Kwalejin Fina-finai ta Afirka ta 7 kuma ya lashe kyaututtukan Mafi Kyawun Fina-finan Najeriya da Mafi Kyawun Tsarin Kayan Sawa.[6][10]↵Ya kuma fito a matsayin Mafi Kyawun Fim a Bikin Fina-finai na Afirka ta Duniya, wanda aka gudanar a Calabar a watan Mayu na 2013.[11] An nuna Aramotu a bukukuwan fina-finai daban-daban a faɗin duniya, ciki har da Bikin Fina-finan Mata na Duniya na Samsung (SWIFF) na 2012 a Chennai, Indiya; Bikin Fina-finai na Afirka In The Picture (AITP) na 2012, Amsterdam; Bikin Fina-finai na Afirka ta Duniya na Arusha (AIFF), Tanzania; da Bikin Fina-finai na Duniya na Kerala na 2013 (IFFK), Indiya.<ref name="olawaleadegbuyi">{{Cite web |last=Olawale Adegbuyi |title=Aramotu directed by Niji Akanni |url=http://movietainmentmagazine.com/aramotu-directed-by-niji-akanni/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150417152306/http://movietainmentmagazine.com/aramotu-directed-by-niji-akanni/ |archive-date=2015-04-17 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=The Movietainment Magazine}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFOlawale_Adegbuyi">Olawale Adegbuyi. [http://movietainmentmagazine.com/aramotu-directed-by-niji-akanni/ "Aramotu directed by Niji Akanni"]. ''The Movietainment Magazine''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20150417152306/http://movietainmentmagazine.com/aramotu-directed-by-niji-akanni/ Archived] from the original on 2015-04-17<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-04-07</span></span>.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Aramotu is living it up |url=http://www.tribune.com.ng/quicklinkss/entartainment/item/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150415181723/http://www.tribune.com.ng/quicklinkss/entartainment/item/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up |archive-date=2015-04-15 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=tribune.com.ng}}</ref>.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Afrff 2013 before the African movie showcase in calabar |url=http://www.tribune.com.ng/news2013/index.php/en/world-news/item/12819-afriff-2013-before-the-african-movie-showcase-in-calabar.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150415184740/http://www.tribune.com.ng/news2013/index.php/en/world-news/item/12819-afriff-2013-before-the-african-movie-showcase-in-calabar.html |archive-date=2015-04-15 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=tribune.com.ng}}</ref> Ya rubuta kuma ya ba da umarnin Heroes and Zeros, fim din wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya wanda taurari [[Nadia Buari]], [[Bimbo Manuel|Bimbo Manual]], [[Gabriel Afolayan]], [[Linda Ejiofor]] da Olu Jacobs suka nuna.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Adeola Adeyemo |title=Nadia Buari, Olu Jacobs, Gabriel Afolayan & Bimbo Manuel Star in Heroes & Zeros – View Behind the Scenes Shots and Trailer |url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2012/08/20/nadia-buari-olu-jacobs-gabriel-afolayan-bimbo-manuel-star-in-heroes-zeros-view-behind-the-scenes-shots-and-trailer/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150702093730/http://www.bellanaija.com/2012/08/20/nadia-buari-olu-jacobs-gabriel-afolayan-bimbo-manuel-star-in-heroes-zeros-view-behind-the-scenes-shots-and-trailer/ |archive-date=2015-07-02 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=BellaNaija}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Niji Akanni-directed 'Heroes and Zeros' for DVD release |url=http://m.newsng.com/index.php?archive=2015-03-16 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150413001834/http://m.newsng.com/index.php?archive=2015-03-16 |archive-date=2015-04-13 |access-date=6 April 2015 |website=News Nigeria}}</ref> An fitar da fim din a ranar 7 ga Satumba, 2012 kuma an fara shi a [[Birtaniya|Burtaniya]] a ranar 15 ga Maris, 2013 a Odeon Cinema . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Manager2 |title=Nollywood steps up assault on UK film market with Heroes and Zeroes screening in Greenwich |url=http://nigerianwatch.com/entertainment/1432-nollywood-steps-up-assault-on-uk-film-market-with-heroes-and-zeroes-screening-in-greenwich |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150414014056/http://nigerianwatch.com/entertainment/1432-nollywood-steps-up-assault-on-uk-film-market-with-heroes-and-zeroes-screening-in-greenwich |archive-date=2015-04-14 |website=nigerianwatch.com}}</ref> Fim din ya lashe lambar yabo ta Mafi kyawun Fim da Zaɓin Masu sauraro a 2013 EKO International Film Festival kuma ya yi gasa a cikin rukunin fina-finai na dijital na 2013 Pan African Film and Television Festival, FESPACO, a [[Ouagadougou]], [[Burkina Faso]] . An gayyace shi zuwa bikin fina-finai na kasa da kasa na 2013 na Kerala, IFFK, a Indiya, kuma an nuna shi a bikin fina-fukkin Afrikamera na 2014 a [[Wosaa|Warsaw]], [[Poland]]. Ya sami gabatarwa 6 a 9th Africa Movie Academy Awards kuma ya lashe kyaututtuka don Mafi Kyawun Editawa, Mafi Kyawun Fim da Mafi Kyawun Darakta <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigeria HomePage - Breaking News, Business, Sports, Entertainment and Video News |url=http://m.thenigerianvoice.com/movie/97733/3/koga-studios-scores-high-with-heroes-and-zeros-pre.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150414055637/http://m.thenigerianvoice.com/movie/97733/3/koga-studios-scores-high-with-heroes-and-zeros-pre.html |archive-date=2015-04-14 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=thenigerianvoice.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Winning films from African Movie Awards 2013 |url=http://africainwords.com/2013/08/01/winning-films-from-african-movie-awards-2013/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150415004914/http://africainwords.com/2013/08/01/winning-films-from-african-movie-awards-2013/ |archive-date=2015-04-15 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=africainwords.com}}</ref> == Hotunan fina-finai == {| class="wikitable" !Taken !Rubuce-rubuce !Jagora !An samar da shi !Shekara |- |''[[The Narrow Path (2006 fim)|Hanyar Ƙananan]]'' |[[Tunde Kelani]] da Niji Akanni |[[Tunde Kelani]] |[[Mainframe Films and Television Productions|Mainframe fina-finai da shirye-shiryen talabijin]] |2006 | |- |''Abobaku'' |[[Femi Odugbemi]] |Niji Akanni |Femi Odugbemi |2008 | |- |''[[Aramotu]]'' |Niji Akanni |Niji Akanni |Yinka Kolapo |2010 | |- |[[Heroes & Zeros (fim)|Jarumai da Zeros]] |Niji Akanni |Niji Akanni |Christopher Jeyibo |2012 | |- |} == Godiya gaisuwa == Teburin da ke ƙasa ya nuna kyaututtuka da gabatarwa da Niji Akanji da fina-finai suka samu. {| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%" |+Jerin manyan kyaututtuka !Kyautar !Sashe !Masu karɓa da waɗanda aka zaba !Sakamakon |- | rowspan="3" |Yoruba Movie Academy (3rd Yoruba Film Academy Awards) <br /> |Mafi kyawun Fim na Al'adu |Niji Akanni| {{Won}} |- |Nasarar da aka samu a cikin Gudanarwa |Niji Akanni| {{Won}} |- |Hoton da ya fi dacewa |Niji Akanni| {{Won}} |- | rowspan="7" |[[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka]] (7th Africa Movie Academy Awards) <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 February 2011 |title=AMAA Nominations 2011 |url=http://www.ama-awards.com/amaa-nominations-2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110302124149/http://www.ama-awards.com/amaa-nominations-2011 |archive-date=March 2, 2011 |access-date=30 August 2014 |website=Africa Film Academy |publisher=[[Africa Movie Academy Awards]]}}</ref><br /> |[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Nigerian Film|Mafi kyawun Fim na Najeriya]] |Niji Akanni| {{Won}} |- |[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Film|Fim mafi kyau]] |Niji Akanni| {{Nom}} |- |[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Director|Darakta Mafi Kyawun]] |Niji Akanni| {{Nom}} |- |[[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka don Fim mafi kyau a cikin Harshen Afirka|Fim mafi kyau a cikin harshen Afirka]] |Niji Akanni| {{Nom}} |- |[[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka ga Mafi Kyawun Ayyuka|Mafi kyawun Tasirin Bayani]] || {{Nom}} |- |[[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka don Kyakkyawan Kayan Kayan Kyakkyawa|Kyakkyawan Kayan Kayan Kyakkyawar]] |Niji Akanni| {{Won}} |- | rowspan="6" |[[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka]] (9th Africa Movie Academy Awards) <br /> |- |[[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka ga Mafi Kyawun Fim|Mafi kyawun Fim]] |Niji Akanni| {{Won}} |- |[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Director|Darakta Mafi Kyawu]] |Niji Akanni| {{Won}} |- |[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Nigerian Film|Mafi kyawun Fim na Najeriya]] |Niji Akanni| {{Nom}} |- |[[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka ga Mafi Kyawun Sauti|Sauti Mafi Kyawu]] |Niji Akanni| {{Nom}} |- |} {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1962]] 9q54msgfvvy87z48ui6pc087j2hvhr2 878843 878842 2026-07-08T09:33:29Z Hamza DK 12444 878843 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Niji Akanni''' Listenⓘ ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Najeriya, marubuci, darektan, furodusa kuma Mai shirya fim. == Ilimi == Akanni ya sami digiri na farko a fannin wasan kwaikwayo daga [[Jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo]] da kuma digiri na biyu a Nazarin Fim daga Jami'an Ibadan da kuma digiri mai zurfi (MFA) a rubuce-rubuce da Gudanar da Fim daga Cibiyar Fim da Talabijin ta Indiya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Niji Akanni: Solid Intelligent Filmmaker, Hardly known... |url=http://www.naijarules.com/xf/index.php?threads%2Fniji-akanni-solid-intelligent-filmmaker-hardly-known.39660%2F |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150413105405/http://www.naijarules.com/xf/index.php?threads%2Fniji-akanni-solid-intelligent-filmmaker-hardly-known.39660%2F |archive-date=2015-04-13 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=naijarules.com}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Ya rubuta, ya rubuta tare kuma ya ba da umarni ga wasu sanannun fina-finai na Najeriya da kuma shirye-shiryen gaskiya.<ref name="olawaleadegbuyi">{{Cite web |last=Olawale Adegbuyi |title=Aramotu directed by Niji Akanni |url=http://movietainmentmagazine.com/aramotu-directed-by-niji-akanni/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150417152306/http://movietainmentmagazine.com/aramotu-directed-by-niji-akanni/ |archive-date=2015-04-17 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=The Movietainment Magazine}}</ref> A matsayin daya daga cikin gabatarwar wasan kwaikwayo guda uku na Najeriya a Gasar Olympics ta Al'adu ta 2012 a London, ya jagoranci The Lion and the Jewel, wasan da marubucin Najeriya, Farfesa [[Wole Soyinka]] ya fara yi a shekarar 1959. A shekara ta 2005, ya kasance Mataimakin Darakta na kakar wasa ta farko ta Amstel Malta Box Office, wani shirin talabijin na gaskiya na Najeriya. A shekara ta 2006, ya kasance Darakta na Abun ciki a kan Big Brother Nigeria, a wannan shekarar da ya rubuta, The Narrow Path, fim din minti 95 wanda Mainframe Films da Television Productions suka samar kuma [[Tunde Kelani]] ya ba da umarni. Fim din, wanda ya nuna [[Sola Asedeko]] da [[Khabirat Kafidipe]] an daidaita shi daga The Virgin, littafi na farko na [[Bayo Adebowale]] . A shekara ta 2008, ya ba da umarnin ''[[Abobaku]]'', wani ɗan gajeren fim a cikin ma'auni na Super-16mm, wanda [[Femi Odugbemi]] ya samar a kan aikin MNET na New Directions. ''[[Abobaku]]'' ya lashe kyaututtuka da yawa, ciki har da Kyautar Mafi Kyawun Fim a Bikin Fim na ZUMA na 2010 a [[Abuja]], Najeriya; Kyautattun Kayan Kayan Kudancin Aikin Kudancin Afirka na 6 da aka gudanar a ranar 10 ga Afrilu 2010 a Cibiyar Al'adu ta Gloryland a [[Yenagoa]], [[Bayelsa|Jihar Bayelsa]], Najeriya; kuma an yi masa hukunci mafi Kyawun Fimi a 2010 TERRACOTA Awards a Legas, Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Africultures - Fiche film : Abobaku |url=http://www.africultures.com/php/index.php?nav=film&no=15918 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150413232036/http://www.africultures.com/php/index.php?nav=film&no=15918 |archive-date=2015-04-13 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=africultures.com}}</ref> A shekarar 2010, ya rubuta kuma ya ba da umarni ga Aramotu, wani fim na dijital na wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya wanda Gabriel Afolayan ya fito a ciki. Fim ɗin ya sami sunayen mutane 7 a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na Kwalejin Fina-finai ta Afirka ta 7 kuma ya lashe kyaututtukan Mafi Kyawun Fina-finan Najeriya da Mafi Kyawun Tsarin Kayan Sawa.[6][10]↵Ya kuma fito a matsayin Mafi Kyawun Fim a Bikin Fina-finai na Afirka ta Duniya, wanda aka gudanar a Calabar a watan Mayu na 2013.[11] An nuna Aramotu a bukukuwan fina-finai daban-daban a faɗin duniya, ciki har da Bikin Fina-finan Mata na Duniya na Samsung (SWIFF) na 2012 a Chennai, Indiya; Bikin Fina-finai na Afirka In The Picture (AITP) na 2012, Amsterdam; Bikin Fina-finai na Afirka ta Duniya na Arusha (AIFF), Tanzania; da Bikin Fina-finai na Duniya na Kerala na 2013 (IFFK), Indiya.<ref name="olawaleadegbuyi">{{Cite web |last=Olawale Adegbuyi |title=Aramotu directed by Niji Akanni |url=http://movietainmentmagazine.com/aramotu-directed-by-niji-akanni/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150417152306/http://movietainmentmagazine.com/aramotu-directed-by-niji-akanni/ |archive-date=2015-04-17 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=The Movietainment Magazine}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFOlawale_Adegbuyi">Olawale Adegbuyi. [http://movietainmentmagazine.com/aramotu-directed-by-niji-akanni/ "Aramotu directed by Niji Akanni"]. ''The Movietainment Magazine''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20150417152306/http://movietainmentmagazine.com/aramotu-directed-by-niji-akanni/ Archived] from the original on 2015-04-17<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-04-07</span></span>.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Aramotu is living it up |url=http://www.tribune.com.ng/quicklinkss/entartainment/item/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150415181723/http://www.tribune.com.ng/quicklinkss/entartainment/item/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up |archive-date=2015-04-15 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=tribune.com.ng}}</ref>.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Afrff 2013 before the African movie showcase in calabar |url=http://www.tribune.com.ng/news2013/index.php/en/world-news/item/12819-afriff-2013-before-the-african-movie-showcase-in-calabar.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150415184740/http://www.tribune.com.ng/news2013/index.php/en/world-news/item/12819-afriff-2013-before-the-african-movie-showcase-in-calabar.html |archive-date=2015-04-15 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=tribune.com.ng}}</ref> Ya rubuta kuma ya ba da umarnin Heroes and Zeros, fim din wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya wanda taurari [[Nadia Buari]], [[Bimbo Manuel|Bimbo Manual]], [[Gabriel Afolayan]], [[Linda Ejiofor]] da Olu Jacobs suka nuna.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Adeola Adeyemo |title=Nadia Buari, Olu Jacobs, Gabriel Afolayan & Bimbo Manuel Star in Heroes & Zeros – View Behind the Scenes Shots and Trailer |url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2012/08/20/nadia-buari-olu-jacobs-gabriel-afolayan-bimbo-manuel-star-in-heroes-zeros-view-behind-the-scenes-shots-and-trailer/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150702093730/http://www.bellanaija.com/2012/08/20/nadia-buari-olu-jacobs-gabriel-afolayan-bimbo-manuel-star-in-heroes-zeros-view-behind-the-scenes-shots-and-trailer/ |archive-date=2015-07-02 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=BellaNaija}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Niji Akanni-directed 'Heroes and Zeros' for DVD release |url=http://m.newsng.com/index.php?archive=2015-03-16 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150413001834/http://m.newsng.com/index.php?archive=2015-03-16 |archive-date=2015-04-13 |access-date=6 April 2015 |website=News Nigeria}}</ref> An fitar da fim din a ranar 7 ga Satumba, 2012 kuma an fara shi a [[Birtaniya|Burtaniya]] a ranar 15 ga Maris, 2013 a Odeon Cinema . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Manager2 |title=Nollywood steps up assault on UK film market with Heroes and Zeroes screening in Greenwich |url=http://nigerianwatch.com/entertainment/1432-nollywood-steps-up-assault-on-uk-film-market-with-heroes-and-zeroes-screening-in-greenwich |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150414014056/http://nigerianwatch.com/entertainment/1432-nollywood-steps-up-assault-on-uk-film-market-with-heroes-and-zeroes-screening-in-greenwich |archive-date=2015-04-14 |website=nigerianwatch.com}}</ref> Fim din ya lashe lambar yabo ta Mafi kyawun Fim da Zaɓin Masu sauraro a 2013 EKO International Film Festival kuma ya yi gasa a cikin rukunin fina-finai na dijital na 2013 Pan African Film and Television Festival, FESPACO, a [[Ouagadougou]], [[Burkina Faso]] . An gayyace shi zuwa bikin fina-finai na kasa da kasa na 2013 na Kerala, IFFK, a Indiya, kuma an nuna shi a bikin fina-fukkin Afrikamera na 2014 a [[Wosaa|Warsaw]], [[Poland]]. Ya sami gabatarwa 6 a 9th Africa Movie Academy Awards kuma ya lashe kyaututtuka don Mafi Kyawun Editawa, Mafi Kyawun Fim da Mafi Kyawun Darakta <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigeria HomePage - Breaking News, Business, Sports, Entertainment and Video News |url=http://m.thenigerianvoice.com/movie/97733/3/koga-studios-scores-high-with-heroes-and-zeros-pre.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150414055637/http://m.thenigerianvoice.com/movie/97733/3/koga-studios-scores-high-with-heroes-and-zeros-pre.html |archive-date=2015-04-14 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=thenigerianvoice.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Winning films from African Movie Awards 2013 |url=http://africainwords.com/2013/08/01/winning-films-from-african-movie-awards-2013/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150415004914/http://africainwords.com/2013/08/01/winning-films-from-african-movie-awards-2013/ |archive-date=2015-04-15 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=africainwords.com}}</ref> == Hotunan fina-finai == {| class="wikitable" !Taken !Rubuce-rubuce !Jagora !An samar da shi !Shekara |- |''[[The Narrow Path (2006 fim)|Hanyar Ƙananan]]'' |[[Tunde Kelani]] da Niji Akanni |[[Tunde Kelani]] |[[Mainframe Films and Television Productions|Mainframe fina-finai da shirye-shiryen talabijin]] |2006 | |- |''Abobaku'' |[[Femi Odugbemi]] |Niji Akanni |Femi Odugbemi |2008 | |- |''[[Aramotu]]'' |Niji Akanni |Niji Akanni |Yinka Kolapo |2010 | |- |[[Heroes & Zeros (fim)|Jarumai da Zeros]] |Niji Akanni |Niji Akanni |Christopher Jeyibo |2012 | |- |} == Godiya gaisuwa == Teburin da ke ƙasa ya nuna kyaututtuka da gabatarwa da Niji Akanji da fina-finai suka samu. {| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%" |+Jerin manyan kyaututtuka !Kyautar !Sashe !Masu karɓa da waɗanda aka zaba !Sakamakon |- | rowspan="3" |Yoruba Movie Academy (3rd Yoruba Film Academy Awards) <br /> |Mafi kyawun Fim na Al'adu |Niji Akanni| {{Won}} |- |Nasarar da aka samu a cikin Gudanarwa |Niji Akanni| {{Won}} |- |Hoton da ya fi dacewa |Niji Akanni| {{Won}} |- | rowspan="7" |[[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka]] (7th Africa Movie Academy Awards) <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 February 2011 |title=AMAA Nominations 2011 |url=http://www.ama-awards.com/amaa-nominations-2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110302124149/http://www.ama-awards.com/amaa-nominations-2011 |archive-date=March 2, 2011 |access-date=30 August 2014 |website=Africa Film Academy |publisher=[[Africa Movie Academy Awards]]}}</ref><br /> |[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Nigerian Film|Mafi kyawun Fim na Najeriya]] |Niji Akanni| {{Won}} |- |[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Film|Fim mafi kyau]] |Niji Akanni| {{Nom}} |- |[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Director|Darakta Mafi Kyawun]] |Niji Akanni| {{Nom}} |- |[[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka don Fim mafi kyau a cikin Harshen Afirka|Fim mafi kyau a cikin harshen Afirka]] |Niji Akanni| {{Nom}} |- |[[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka ga Mafi Kyawun Ayyuka|Mafi kyawun Tasirin Bayani]] || {{Nom}} |- |[[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka don Kyakkyawan Kayan Kayan Kyakkyawa|Kyakkyawan Kayan Kayan Kyakkyawar]] |Niji Akanni| {{Won}} |- | rowspan="6" |[[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka]] (9th Africa Movie Academy Awards) <br /> |- |[[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka ga Mafi Kyawun Fim|Mafi kyawun Fim]] |Niji Akanni| {{Won}} |- |[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Director|Darakta Mafi Kyawu]] |Niji Akanni| {{Won}} |- |[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Nigerian Film|Mafi kyawun Fim na Najeriya]] |Niji Akanni| {{Nom}} |- |[[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka ga Mafi Kyawun Sauti|Sauti Mafi Kyawu]] |Niji Akanni| {{Nom}} |- |} {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1962]] lce167p7r6d9k9dvuljy696k9j7pxoq 878845 878843 2026-07-08T09:36:17Z Musa Vacho77 9881 Saka Manazarta 878845 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Niji Akanni''' Listenⓘ ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Najeriya, marubuci, darektan, furodusa kuma Mai shirya fim. == Ilimi == Akanni ya sami digiri na farko a fannin wasan kwaikwayo daga [[Jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo]] da kuma digiri na biyu a Nazarin Fim daga Jami'an Ibadan da kuma digiri mai zurfi (MFA) a rubuce-rubuce da Gudanar da Fim daga Cibiyar Fim da Talabijin ta Indiya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Niji Akanni: Solid Intelligent Filmmaker, Hardly known... |url=http://www.naijarules.com/xf/index.php?threads%2Fniji-akanni-solid-intelligent-filmmaker-hardly-known.39660%2F |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150413105405/http://www.naijarules.com/xf/index.php?threads%2Fniji-akanni-solid-intelligent-filmmaker-hardly-known.39660%2F |archive-date=2015-04-13 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=naijarules.com}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Ya rubuta, ya rubuta tare kuma ya ba da umarni ga wasu sanannun fina-finai na Najeriya da kuma shirye-shiryen gaskiya.<ref name="olawaleadegbuyi">{{Cite web |last=Olawale Adegbuyi |title=Aramotu directed by Niji Akanni |url=http://movietainmentmagazine.com/aramotu-directed-by-niji-akanni/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150417152306/http://movietainmentmagazine.com/aramotu-directed-by-niji-akanni/ |archive-date=2015-04-17 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=The Movietainment Magazine}}</ref> A matsayin daya daga cikin gabatarwar wasan kwaikwayo guda uku na Najeriya a Gasar Olympics ta Al'adu ta 2012 a London, ya jagoranci The Lion and the Jewel, wasan da marubucin Najeriya, Farfesa [[Wole Soyinka]] ya fara yi a shekarar 1959. A shekara ta 2005, ya kasance Mataimakin Darakta na kakar wasa ta farko ta Amstel Malta Box Office, wani shirin talabijin na gaskiya na Najeriya. A shekara ta 2006, ya kasance Darakta na Abun ciki a kan Big Brother Nigeria, a wannan shekarar da ya rubuta, The Narrow Path, fim din minti 95 wanda Mainframe Films da Television Productions suka samar kuma [[Tunde Kelani]] ya ba da umarni. Fim din, wanda ya nuna [[Sola Asedeko]] da [[Khabirat Kafidipe]] an daidaita shi daga The Virgin, littafi na farko na [[Bayo Adebowale]] . A shekara ta 2008, ya ba da umarnin ''[[Abobaku]]'', wani ɗan gajeren fim a cikin ma'auni na Super-16mm, wanda [[Femi Odugbemi]] ya samar a kan aikin MNET na New Directions. ''[[Abobaku]]'' ya lashe kyaututtuka da yawa, ciki har da Kyautar Mafi Kyawun Fim a Bikin Fim na ZUMA na 2010 a [[Abuja]], Najeriya; Kyautattun Kayan Kayan Kudancin Aikin Kudancin Afirka na 6 da aka gudanar a ranar 10 ga Afrilu 2010 a Cibiyar Al'adu ta Gloryland a [[Yenagoa]], [[Bayelsa|Jihar Bayelsa]], Najeriya; kuma an yi masa hukunci mafi Kyawun Fimi a 2010 TERRACOTA Awards a Legas, Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Africultures - Fiche film : Abobaku |url=http://www.africultures.com/php/index.php?nav=film&no=15918 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150413232036/http://www.africultures.com/php/index.php?nav=film&no=15918 |archive-date=2015-04-13 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=africultures.com}}</ref> A shekarar 2010, ya rubuta kuma ya ba da umarni ga Aramotu, wani fim na dijital na wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya wanda Gabriel Afolayan ya fito a ciki. Fim ɗin ya sami sunayen mutane 7 a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na Kwalejin Fina-finai ta Afirka ta 7 kuma ya lashe kyaututtukan Mafi Kyawun Fina-finan Najeriya da Mafi Kyawun Tsarin Kayan Sawa.[6][10]↵Ya kuma fito a matsayin Mafi Kyawun Fim a Bikin Fina-finai na Afirka ta Duniya, wanda aka gudanar a Calabar a watan Mayu na 2013.[11] An nuna Aramotu a bukukuwan fina-finai daban-daban a faɗin duniya, ciki har da Bikin Fina-finan Mata na Duniya na Samsung (SWIFF) na 2012 a Chennai, Indiya; Bikin Fina-finai na Afirka In The Picture (AITP) na 2012, Amsterdam; Bikin Fina-finai na Afirka ta Duniya na Arusha (AIFF), Tanzania; da Bikin Fina-finai na Duniya na Kerala na 2013 (IFFK), Indiya.<ref name="olawaleadegbuyi">{{Cite web |last=Olawale Adegbuyi |title=Aramotu directed by Niji Akanni |url=http://movietainmentmagazine.com/aramotu-directed-by-niji-akanni/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150417152306/http://movietainmentmagazine.com/aramotu-directed-by-niji-akanni/ |archive-date=2015-04-17 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=The Movietainment Magazine}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFOlawale_Adegbuyi">Olawale Adegbuyi. [http://movietainmentmagazine.com/aramotu-directed-by-niji-akanni/ "Aramotu directed by Niji Akanni"]. ''The Movietainment Magazine''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20150417152306/http://movietainmentmagazine.com/aramotu-directed-by-niji-akanni/ Archived] from the original on 2015-04-17<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-04-07</span></span>.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Aramotu is living it up |url=http://www.tribune.com.ng/quicklinkss/entartainment/item/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150415181723/http://www.tribune.com.ng/quicklinkss/entartainment/item/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up |archive-date=2015-04-15 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=tribune.com.ng}}</ref>.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Afrff 2013 before the African movie showcase in calabar |url=http://www.tribune.com.ng/news2013/index.php/en/world-news/item/12819-afriff-2013-before-the-african-movie-showcase-in-calabar.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150415184740/http://www.tribune.com.ng/news2013/index.php/en/world-news/item/12819-afriff-2013-before-the-african-movie-showcase-in-calabar.html |archive-date=2015-04-15 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=tribune.com.ng}}</ref> Ya rubuta kuma ya ba da umarnin Heroes and Zeros, fim din wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya wanda taurari [[Nadia Buari]], [[Bimbo Manuel|Bimbo Manual]], [[Gabriel Afolayan]], [[Linda Ejiofor]] da Olu Jacobs suka nuna.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Adeola Adeyemo |title=Nadia Buari, Olu Jacobs, Gabriel Afolayan & Bimbo Manuel Star in Heroes & Zeros – View Behind the Scenes Shots and Trailer |url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2012/08/20/nadia-buari-olu-jacobs-gabriel-afolayan-bimbo-manuel-star-in-heroes-zeros-view-behind-the-scenes-shots-and-trailer/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150702093730/http://www.bellanaija.com/2012/08/20/nadia-buari-olu-jacobs-gabriel-afolayan-bimbo-manuel-star-in-heroes-zeros-view-behind-the-scenes-shots-and-trailer/ |archive-date=2015-07-02 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=BellaNaija}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Niji Akanni-directed 'Heroes and Zeros' for DVD release |url=http://m.newsng.com/index.php?archive=2015-03-16 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150413001834/http://m.newsng.com/index.php?archive=2015-03-16 |archive-date=2015-04-13 |access-date=6 April 2015 |website=News Nigeria}}</ref> An fitar da fim din a ranar 7 ga Satumba, 2012 kuma an fara shi a [[Birtaniya|Burtaniya]] a ranar 15 ga Maris, 2013 a Odeon Cinema . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Manager2 |title=Nollywood steps up assault on UK film market with Heroes and Zeroes screening in Greenwich |url=http://nigerianwatch.com/entertainment/1432-nollywood-steps-up-assault-on-uk-film-market-with-heroes-and-zeroes-screening-in-greenwich |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150414014056/http://nigerianwatch.com/entertainment/1432-nollywood-steps-up-assault-on-uk-film-market-with-heroes-and-zeroes-screening-in-greenwich |archive-date=2015-04-14 |website=nigerianwatch.com}}</ref> Fim din ya lashe lambar yabo ta Mafi kyawun Fim da Zaɓin Masu sauraro a 2013 EKO International Film Festival kuma ya yi gasa a cikin rukunin fina-finai na dijital na 2013 Pan African Film and Television Festival, FESPACO, a [[Ouagadougou]], [[Burkina Faso]] . An gayyace shi zuwa bikin fina-finai na kasa da kasa na 2013 na Kerala, IFFK, a Indiya, kuma an nuna shi a bikin fina-fukkin Afrikamera na 2014 a [[Wosaa|Warsaw]], [[Poland]]. Ya sami gabatarwa 6 a 9th Africa Movie Academy Awards kuma ya lashe kyaututtuka don Mafi Kyawun Editawa, Mafi Kyawun Fim da Mafi Kyawun Darakta <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigeria HomePage - Breaking News, Business, Sports, Entertainment and Video News |url=http://m.thenigerianvoice.com/movie/97733/3/koga-studios-scores-high-with-heroes-and-zeros-pre.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150414055637/http://m.thenigerianvoice.com/movie/97733/3/koga-studios-scores-high-with-heroes-and-zeros-pre.html |archive-date=2015-04-14 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=thenigerianvoice.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Winning films from African Movie Awards 2013 |url=http://africainwords.com/2013/08/01/winning-films-from-african-movie-awards-2013/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150415004914/http://africainwords.com/2013/08/01/winning-films-from-african-movie-awards-2013/ |archive-date=2015-04-15 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=africainwords.com}}</ref> == Hotunan fina-finai == {| class="wikitable" !Taken !Rubuce-rubuce !Jagora !An samar da shi !Shekara |- |''[[The Narrow Path (2006 fim)|Hanyar Ƙananan]]'' |[[Tunde Kelani]] da Niji Akanni |[[Tunde Kelani]] |[[Mainframe Films and Television Productions|Mainframe fina-finai da shirye-shiryen talabijin]] |2006 | |- |''Abobaku'' |[[Femi Odugbemi]] |Niji Akanni |Femi Odugbemi |2008 | |- |''[[Aramotu]]'' |Niji Akanni |Niji Akanni |Yinka Kolapo |2010 | |- |[[Heroes & Zeros (fim)|Jarumai da Zeros]] |Niji Akanni |Niji Akanni |Christopher Jeyibo |2012 | |- |} == Godiya gaisuwa == Teburin da ke ƙasa ya nuna kyaututtuka da gabatarwa da Niji Akanji da fina-finai suka samu. {| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%" |+Jerin manyan kyaututtuka !Kyautar !Sashe !Masu karɓa da waɗanda aka zaba !Sakamakon |- | rowspan="3" |Yoruba Movie Academy (3rd Yoruba Film Academy Awards) <br /> |Mafi kyawun Fim na Al'adu |Niji Akanni| {{Won}} |- |Nasarar da aka samu a cikin Gudanarwa |Niji Akanni| {{Won}} |- |Hoton da ya fi dacewa |Niji Akanni| {{Won}} |- | rowspan="7" |[[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka]] (7th Africa Movie Academy Awards) <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 February 2011 |title=AMAA Nominations 2011 |url=http://www.ama-awards.com/amaa-nominations-2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110302124149/http://www.ama-awards.com/amaa-nominations-2011 |archive-date=March 2, 2011 |access-date=30 August 2014 |website=Africa Film Academy |publisher=[[Africa Movie Academy Awards]]}}</ref><br /> |[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Nigerian Film|Mafi kyawun Fim na Najeriya]] |Niji Akanni| {{Won}} |- |[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Film|Fim mafi kyau]] |Niji Akanni| {{Nom}} |- |[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Director|Darakta Mafi Kyawun]] |Niji Akanni| {{Nom}} |- |[[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka don Fim mafi kyau a cikin Harshen Afirka|Fim mafi kyau a cikin harshen Afirka]] |Niji Akanni| {{Nom}} |- |[[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka ga Mafi Kyawun Ayyuka|Mafi kyawun Tasirin Bayani]] || {{Nom}} |- |[[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka don Kyakkyawan Kayan Kayan Kyakkyawa|Kyakkyawan Kayan Kayan Kyakkyawar]] |Niji Akanni| {{Won}} |- | rowspan="6" |[[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka]] (9th Africa Movie Academy Awards) <br /> |- |[[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka ga Mafi Kyawun Fim|Mafi kyawun Fim]] |Niji Akanni| {{Won}} |- |[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Director|Darakta Mafi Kyawu]] |Niji Akanni| {{Won}} |- |[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Nigerian Film|Mafi kyawun Fim na Najeriya]] |Niji Akanni| {{Nom}} |- |[[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka ga Mafi Kyawun Sauti|Sauti Mafi Kyawu]] |Niji Akanni| {{Nom}} |- |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1962]] ffzgekef0yuiqu06xpjngu0ksglz1s1 0 54138 878593 876333 2026-07-07T15:26:56Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1347141036|Dickson Iroegbu]]" 878593 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dickson Nnamdi Iroegbu''' // ⓘ [[Darakta]] ne kuma furodusa [[Ɗan Nijeriya|a Najeriya]] . Ya jagoranci kuma ya shirya fina-finai da dama [[Nollywood|na Nollywood]] . A shekarar 2005, a bikin farko na [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|African Movie Academy Awards]], Iroegbu ya lashe kyaututtuka uku na fim ɗin ''[[The Mayors]]'', ciki har da kyaututtukan ''Mafi Kyawun Fim'', ''Mafi Kyawun Rubutun Bidiyo'' da ''Mafi Kyawun Darakta'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=AMAA Awards and Nominees 2005 |url=http://ama-awards.com/amaa-nominees-and-winners-2005 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130129073035/http://www.ama-awards.com/amaa-nominees-and-winners-2005 |archive-date=29 January 2013 |access-date=22 January 2013 |publisher=[[Africa Movie Academy Awards]]}}</ref> [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 0z0zqx3qmw98pslizzqf7yilq4zv57u 878594 878593 2026-07-07T15:27:09Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1347141036|Dickson Iroegbu]]" 878594 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dickson Nnamdi Iroegbu''' // ⓘ [[Darakta]] ne kuma furodusa [[Ɗan Nijeriya|a Najeriya]] . Ya jagoranci kuma ya shirya fina-finai da dama [[Nollywood|na Nollywood]] . A shekarar 2005, a bikin farko na [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|African Movie Academy Awards]], Iroegbu ya lashe kyaututtuka uku na fim ɗin ''[[The Mayors]]'', ciki har da kyaututtukan ''Mafi Kyawun Fim'', ''Mafi Kyawun Rubutun Bidiyo'' da ''Mafi Kyawun Darakta'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=AMAA Awards and Nominees 2005 |url=http://ama-awards.com/amaa-nominees-and-winners-2005 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130129073035/http://www.ama-awards.com/amaa-nominees-and-winners-2005 |archive-date=29 January 2013 |access-date=22 January 2013 |publisher=[[Africa Movie Academy Awards]]}}</ref> == Lambobin yabo da nadin mukamai == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] eryhz0f6j101v9ik3kinvq9jrjspimv 878595 878594 2026-07-07T15:27:21Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1347141036|Dickson Iroegbu]]" 878595 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dickson Nnamdi Iroegbu''' // ⓘ [[Darakta]] ne kuma furodusa [[Ɗan Nijeriya|a Najeriya]] . Ya jagoranci kuma ya shirya fina-finai da dama [[Nollywood|na Nollywood]] . A shekarar 2005, a bikin farko na [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|African Movie Academy Awards]], Iroegbu ya lashe kyaututtuka uku na fim ɗin ''[[The Mayors]]'', ciki har da kyaututtukan ''Mafi Kyawun Fim'', ''Mafi Kyawun Rubutun Bidiyo'' da ''Mafi Kyawun Darakta'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=AMAA Awards and Nominees 2005 |url=http://ama-awards.com/amaa-nominees-and-winners-2005 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130129073035/http://www.ama-awards.com/amaa-nominees-and-winners-2005 |archive-date=29 January 2013 |access-date=22 January 2013 |publisher=[[Africa Movie Academy Awards]]}}</ref> == Lambobin yabo da nadin mukamai == * 2005: ''Mafi kyawun Darakta'' '''(wanda aka lashe)''' * 2005: ''Fim Mafi Kyau'' '''(wanda aka lashe)''' * 2005: ''Mafi kyawun Wasan kwaikwayo'' '''(wanda aka ci)''' [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] i2bs21wq3hnch9592n2umxzpty0enys 878596 878595 2026-07-07T15:27:33Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1347141036|Dickson Iroegbu]]" 878596 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dickson Nnamdi Iroegbu''' // ⓘ [[Darakta]] ne kuma furodusa [[Ɗan Nijeriya|a Najeriya]] . Ya jagoranci kuma ya shirya fina-finai da dama [[Nollywood|na Nollywood]] . A shekarar 2005, a bikin farko na [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|African Movie Academy Awards]], Iroegbu ya lashe kyaututtuka uku na fim ɗin ''[[The Mayors]]'', ciki har da kyaututtukan ''Mafi Kyawun Fim'', ''Mafi Kyawun Rubutun Bidiyo'' da ''Mafi Kyawun Darakta'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=AMAA Awards and Nominees 2005 |url=http://ama-awards.com/amaa-nominees-and-winners-2005 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130129073035/http://www.ama-awards.com/amaa-nominees-and-winners-2005 |archive-date=29 January 2013 |access-date=22 January 2013 |publisher=[[Africa Movie Academy Awards]]}}</ref> == Lambobin yabo da nadin mukamai == * 2005: ''Mafi kyawun Darakta'' '''(wanda aka lashe)''' * 2005: ''Fim Mafi Kyau'' '''(wanda aka lashe)''' * 2005: ''Mafi kyawun Wasan kwaikwayo'' '''(wanda aka ci)''' == Fim ɗin fim == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] gspjwubbegn39t6f6n2dj09serfafmn 878597 878596 2026-07-07T15:27:47Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1347141036|Dickson Iroegbu]]" 878597 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dickson Nnamdi Iroegbu''' // ⓘ [[Darakta]] ne kuma furodusa [[Ɗan Nijeriya|a Najeriya]] . Ya jagoranci kuma ya shirya fina-finai da dama [[Nollywood|na Nollywood]] . A shekarar 2005, a bikin farko na [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|African Movie Academy Awards]], Iroegbu ya lashe kyaututtuka uku na fim ɗin ''[[The Mayors]]'', ciki har da kyaututtukan ''Mafi Kyawun Fim'', ''Mafi Kyawun Rubutun Bidiyo'' da ''Mafi Kyawun Darakta'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=AMAA Awards and Nominees 2005 |url=http://ama-awards.com/amaa-nominees-and-winners-2005 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130129073035/http://www.ama-awards.com/amaa-nominees-and-winners-2005 |archive-date=29 January 2013 |access-date=22 January 2013 |publisher=[[Africa Movie Academy Awards]]}}</ref> == Lambobin yabo da nadin mukamai == * 2005: ''Mafi kyawun Darakta'' '''(wanda aka lashe)''' * 2005: ''Fim Mafi Kyau'' '''(wanda aka lashe)''' * 2005: ''Mafi kyawun Wasan kwaikwayo'' '''(wanda aka ci)''' == Fim ɗin fim == {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" width="33" |Shekara ! rowspan="2" | Fim ! colspan="5" | An ƙirƙiro shi azaman |- ! width="65" | [[Darakta]] ! width="65" | Furodusa ! width="65" | Marubuci |- align="center" | align="center" | 2001 | align="left" | ''Kwanakin Daukaka'' | {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} |- align="center" | align="center" | 2003 | align="left" | ''Jan Hankali na Soyayya''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2004 | align="left" | ''[[The Mayors|Magajin Gari]]'' | {{Yes}}| {{Yes}}| {{Yes}} |- align="center" | align="center" | 2004 | align="left" | ''Marar aminci''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2004 | align="left" | ''Ƙaramin Mala'ika'' | {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} |- align="center" | align="center" | 2004 | align="left" | ''Bikin Aure na Ƙarshe''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2004 | align="left" | ''Sha'awa Mai Konewa''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2004 | align="left" | ''Fiye da Dalili''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2005 | align="left" | ''Kwandon Mata''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2005 | align="left" | ''Kashe Amarya''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2006 | align="left" | ''Shaidan a Cikinta''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2006 | align="left" | ''Sumba ta Ƙarshe''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2006 | align="left" | ''Gicciye Mai Tsarki''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2006 | align="left" | ''Maƙiya a Soyayya''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2006 | align="left" | ''Duniya daban-daban''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2006 | align="left" | ''Gicciye Mai Tsarki''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2007 | align="left" | ''Don Ƙaunar Mala'ika''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2007 | align="left" | ''Triniti''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2007 | align="left" | ''Babban Taska na Zuciya''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2008 | align="left" | ''Yanayi Mai Muhimmanci'' | {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} |- | 2020 | ''Miji Nagari'' |{{Yes}}|{{Yes}}|{{Yes}} |} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] msxynxxuois9v2hmgv4cuqxlqd0qxis 878598 878597 2026-07-07T15:28:24Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 878598 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Dickson Nnamdi Iroegbu''' // ⓘ [[Darakta]] ne kuma furodusa [[Ɗan Nijeriya|a Najeriya]] . Ya jagoranci kuma ya shirya fina-finai da dama [[Nollywood|na Nollywood]] . A shekarar 2005, a bikin farko na [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|African Movie Academy Awards]], Iroegbu ya lashe kyaututtuka uku na fim ɗin ''[[The Mayors]]'', ciki har da kyaututtukan ''Mafi Kyawun Fim'', ''Mafi Kyawun Rubutun Bidiyo'' da ''Mafi Kyawun Darakta'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=AMAA Awards and Nominees 2005 |url=http://ama-awards.com/amaa-nominees-and-winners-2005 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130129073035/http://www.ama-awards.com/amaa-nominees-and-winners-2005 |archive-date=29 January 2013 |access-date=22 January 2013 |publisher=[[Africa Movie Academy Awards]]}}</ref> == Lambobin yabo da nadin mukamai == * 2005: ''Mafi kyawun Darakta'' '''(wanda aka lashe)''' * 2005: ''Fim Mafi Kyau'' '''(wanda aka lashe)''' * 2005: ''Mafi kyawun Wasan kwaikwayo'' '''(wanda aka ci)''' == Fim ɗin fim == {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" width="33" |Shekara ! rowspan="2" | Fim ! colspan="5" | An ƙirƙiro shi azaman |- ! width="65" | [[Darakta]] ! width="65" | Furodusa ! width="65" | Marubuci |- align="center" | align="center" | 2001 | align="left" | ''Kwanakin Daukaka'' | {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} |- align="center" | align="center" | 2003 | align="left" | ''Jan Hankali na Soyayya''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2004 | align="left" | ''[[The Mayors|Magajin Gari]]'' | {{Yes}}| {{Yes}}| {{Yes}} |- align="center" | align="center" | 2004 | align="left" | ''Marar aminci''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2004 | align="left" | ''Ƙaramin Mala'ika'' | {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} |- align="center" | align="center" | 2004 | align="left" | ''Bikin Aure na Ƙarshe''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2004 | align="left" | ''Sha'awa Mai Konewa''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2004 | align="left" | ''Fiye da Dalili''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2005 | align="left" | ''Kwandon Mata''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2005 | align="left" | ''Kashe Amarya''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2006 | align="left" | ''Shaidan a Cikinta''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2006 | align="left" | ''Sumba ta Ƙarshe''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2006 | align="left" | ''Gicciye Mai Tsarki''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2006 | align="left" | ''Maƙiya a Soyayya''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2006 | align="left" | ''Duniya daban-daban''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2006 | align="left" | ''Gicciye Mai Tsarki''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2007 | align="left" | ''Don Ƙaunar Mala'ika''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2007 | align="left" | ''Triniti''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2007 | align="left" | ''Babban Taska na Zuciya''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2008 | align="left" | ''Yanayi Mai Muhimmanci'' | {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} |- | 2020 | ''Miji Nagari'' |{{Yes}}|{{Yes}}|{{Yes}} |} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] cresei7xsfrb9blu56dc0i0eqg0nehx 878599 878598 2026-07-07T15:28:50Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 878599 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Dickson Nnamdi Iroegbu''' // ⓘ [[Darakta]] ne kuma furodusa [[Ɗan Nijeriya|a Najeriya]] . Ya jagoranci kuma ya shirya fina-finai da dama [[Nollywood|na Nollywood]] . A shekarar 2005, a bikin farko na [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|African Movie Academy Awards]], Iroegbu ya lashe kyaututtuka uku na fim ɗin ''[[The Mayors]]'', ciki har da kyaututtukan ''Mafi Kyawun Fim'', ''Mafi Kyawun Rubutun Bidiyo'' da ''Mafi Kyawun Darakta'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=AMAA Awards and Nominees 2005 |url=http://ama-awards.com/amaa-nominees-and-winners-2005 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130129073035/http://www.ama-awards.com/amaa-nominees-and-winners-2005 |archive-date=29 January 2013 |access-date=22 January 2013 |publisher=[[Africa Movie Academy Awards]]}}</ref> == Lambobin yabo da nadin mukamai == * 2005: ''Mafi kyawun Darakta'' '''(wanda aka lashe)''' * 2005: ''Fim Mafi Kyau'' '''(wanda aka lashe)''' * 2005: ''Mafi kyawun Wasan kwaikwayo'' '''(wanda aka ci)''' == Fim ɗin fim == {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" width="33" |Shekara ! rowspan="2" | Fim ! colspan="5" | An ƙirƙiro shi azaman |- ! width="65" | [[Darakta]] ! width="65" | Furodusa ! width="65" | Marubuci |- align="center" | align="center" | 2001 | align="left" | ''Kwanakin Daukaka'' | {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} |- align="center" | align="center" | 2003 | align="left" | ''Jan Hankali na Soyayya''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2004 | align="left" | ''[[The Mayors|Magajin Gari]]'' | {{Yes}}| {{Yes}}| {{Yes}} |- align="center" | align="center" | 2004 | align="left" | ''Marar aminci''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2004 | align="left" | ''Ƙaramin Mala'ika'' | {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} |- align="center" | align="center" | 2004 | align="left" | ''Bikin Aure na Ƙarshe''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2004 | align="left" | ''Sha'awa Mai Konewa''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2004 | align="left" | ''Fiye da Dalili''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2005 | align="left" | ''Kwandon Mata''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2005 | align="left" | ''Kashe Amarya''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2006 | align="left" | ''Shaidan a Cikinta''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2006 | align="left" | ''Sumba ta Ƙarshe''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2006 | align="left" | ''Gicciye Mai Tsarki''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2006 | align="left" | ''Maƙiya a Soyayya''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2006 | align="left" | ''Duniya daban-daban''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2006 | align="left" | ''Gicciye Mai Tsarki''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2007 | align="left" | ''Don Ƙaunar Mala'ika''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2007 | align="left" | ''Triniti''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2007 | align="left" | ''Babban Taska na Zuciya''| {{Yes}} | | |- align="center" | align="center" | 2008 | align="left" | ''Yanayi Mai Muhimmanci'' | {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} |- | 2020 | ''Miji Nagari'' |{{Yes}}|{{Yes}}|{{Yes}} |} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] ==Manazarta tmbtqqh7nryw8xjhc7ra71nohjv4fqy 0 54294 878522 857601 2026-07-07T14:15:14Z Maiakwai4u 37986 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1342162804|Kola Ogunmola]]" 878522 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  '''Elijah Kolawole Ogunmola'''// i (11 Nuwamba 1925 - 1973) ya kasance [[Ɗan wasa|ɗan wasan kwaikwayo]] na Najeriya, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo, mime, darektan, kuma marubucin wasan kwaikwayo. An kuma dauki Ogunmola a matsayin daya daga cikin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo masu basira a Afirka a cikin shekarun 1950 da "60s". Ya haɓaka al'adun [[Yarbawa|Yoruba]], musamman wasan kwaikwayo na gargajiya (wasan kwaikwayo wanda ya haɗu da jigogi na Kirista tare da al'adun gargajiya na Yoruba، kiɗa da rawa, da kiɗa da suka shahara a al'adun birane) a cikin babban gidan wasan kwaikwayo ta hanyar aikinsa tare da [[Ogunmola Travelling Theatre|Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Ogunmola]] (wanda aka kafa a shekara ta 1948). Sun samar da wani nau'i na farko na [[Amos Tutuola]]'s The Palm Wine Drinkard, wanda aka yi a Taron Al'adu na Pan-Afirka na farko ([[Aljir|Algiers]], 1969). Ya samar da Ife Owo a shekarar 1965. Yana da satire game da aure da wadata. Ya yi amfani da Mime da raira waƙa da kuma drumming don isar da saƙonsa. Ya kuma samar da fasalin ban mamaki na Tutuola's The Palmwine Drinker . Ya kuma nuna babban iyawa a cikin wasan kwaikwayo da jagorantar. Ya auri mata da yawa kuma yana da 'ya'ya da yawa. Daga cikin 'ya'yansa akwai sanannun Nollywood Stars, kamar Abayomi Ogunmola da [[Peju Ogunmola|Peju Ogunmola Omobolanle]] . == Rayuwa da aiki == An haifi Elijah Kolawole Ogunmola a cikin iyalin George Ogunmola da Aina Ogunmola ne a garin Okemesi-[[Ekiti]] a ranar 11 ga Nuwamba, 1925. Kafin ya fara wasan kwaikwayo na sana'a, Ogunmola ya kasance malamin makaranta a [[Ado-Ekiti]] . A Makarantar Emmanuel, Ado-Ekiti, Ogunmola ta kirkiro wasan kwaikwayo na makaranta da dalibai ke yi a ciki kuma wani lokacin a waje da makarantar. Ya kafa ƙungiyar wasan kwaikwayo, Ogunmola's Theatre Party a kusa da wasu ɗalibai da abokan aikinsa. An tsara ƙungiyar ne bayan Ogunde's Theatre Party da wasu daga cikin wasan kwaikwayo na farko kamar "Reign of the Mighty", ɗaya daga cikin wasansa na farko ya nuna tasirin Kirista.{{Sfn|Welch|1972}} An shirya wasan kwaikwayo na farko na Ogunmola a yankin Ekiti na Najeriya.{{Sfn|Beier|1981}} An san shi da mai wasan kwaikwayo wanda ke da hankali ga ingancin wasan kwaikwayon a kan mataki.{{Sfn|Beier|1981}} Kamar Ogunde, yawancin ayyukansa na farko wasan kwaikwayo ne na Yoruba. Ana ba da rhythm ta hanyar drum da aka buga a bango, waƙoƙin suna cikin yaren Yoruba kuma rawa wani bangare ne na wasan.<ref name="Beier" /> A cikin shekarun 1950, gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Ogunmola ya yi tafiya sosai a duk yankin Yammacin Najeriya, yana yin aiki a makarantu, majami'u da dakuna.{{Sfn|Smith|1975}} Kodayake ƙungiyar ta yi irin wannan wasan kwaikwayon a kowane birni, masu sauraro na iya samun jin dadi na musamman daga ganin kowane wasan. Wasanni na Ogunmola ya ba da izinin yin wasan kwaikwayo a kan mataki kuma tare da kowane wasan kwaikwayon, ya bar wuri ga abin da ba a tsammani ba. Ayyukansa kuma suna da tasiri daga jin daɗin lokacin yayin da iliminsa game da al'adun Yoruba da yanayin ɗan adam suka girma tare da kowane wasan kwaikwayon.{{Sfn|Beier|1981}} Ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun wasansa, "Love for Money", labari ne game da wani mutum mai arziki wanda ya ƙaunaci mai jaraba kuma a sakamakon haka ya rabu da matarsa. Koyaya, dangantakarsa da mai jaraba ta lalata shi.{{Sfn|Smith|1975}} In 1955, he moved to [[Osogbo|Oshogbo]] from the Ekiti region{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2025}}. A shekara ta 1962, [[Ibadan]]" id="mwTA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="University of Ibadan">Jami'ar Ibadan ta kafa makarantar wasan kwaikwayo kuma an ba Ogunmola tallafi don zama mai zane-zane. Gidauniyar Rockefeller ce ta dauki nauyin shirin mai zane-zane kuma ta ba da kudaden Ogunmola don siyan kayan aiki wanda nan da nan ya ba shi damar shiga cikakkiyar sana'a. Wasan da ya fi shahara da Ogunmola ya yi, wanda ya dace da Amos Tutuola's the Palmwine Drinkard ya kasance sakamakon hadin gwiwarsa da Makarantar Wasan kwaikwayo a Ibadan. Lokacin da Ogunmola yake Ibadan, an ba shi rubutun da Tutuola ya rubuta don fassara zuwa wasan kwaikwayo na Yoruba. Sakamakon shi ne "Lanke Omuti" wanda aka fi sani da Palmwine Drinkard . Firayim Ministan wasan ya kasance a jami'ar, [[Demas Nwoko]] ne ya tsara shi kuma ya ba da umarni wanda ya yi aiki a kan samarwa da kuma zane-zane na wasan. A cikin shekarun 1960, Palmwine Drinkard ta sami karbuwa a Najeriya da kasashen waje.{{Sfn|Welch|1972}} Ya zama sananne bayan watanni shida da ya zauna a Ibadan wani bangare saboda nasarar Palmwine Drinkard . Wasan ya kasance mai gwagwarmaya sosai tare da Ọba kò don haka, wanda aka zaba don zaben Najeriya zuwa bikin zane-zane na Commonwealth a shekarar 1965. Ogunmola suffered a stroke in 1970 and his health continued to decline until he died in 1973 at the age of 48{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2025}}. == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Tushen == *   *   *   [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1973]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1925]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] sso5b59bwbxkpsquoymupp8n1ix2ylq 878523 878522 2026-07-07T14:16:49Z Maiakwai4u 37986 878523 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  '''Elijah Kolawole Ogunmola'''// i (11 Nuwamba 1925 - 1973) ya kasance [[Ɗan wasa|ɗan wasan kwaikwayo]] na Najeriya, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo, mime, darektan, kuma marubucin wasan kwaikwayo. An kuma dauki Ogunmola a matsayin daya daga cikin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo masu basira a Afirka a cikin shekarun 1950 da "60s". Ya haɓaka al'adun [[Yarbawa|Yoruba]], musamman wasan kwaikwayo na gargajiya (wasan kwaikwayo wanda ya haɗu da jigogi na Kirista tare da al'adun gargajiya na Yoruba، kiɗa da rawa, da kiɗa da suka shahara a al'adun birane) a cikin babban gidan wasan kwaikwayo ta hanyar aikinsa tare da [[Ogunmola Travelling Theatre|Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Ogunmola]] (wanda aka kafa a shekara ta 1948). Sun samar da wani nau'i na farko na [[Amos Tutuola]]'s The Palm Wine Drinkard, wanda aka yi a Taron Al'adu na Pan-Afirka na farko ([[Aljir|Algiers]], 1969). Ya samar da Ife Owo a shekarar 1965. Yana da satire game da aure da wadata. Ya yi amfani da Mime da raira waƙa da kuma drumming don isar da saƙonsa. Ya kuma samar da fasalin ban mamaki na Tutuola's The Palmwine Drinker . Ya kuma nuna babban iyawa a cikin wasan kwaikwayo da jagorantar. Ya auri mata da yawa kuma yana da 'ya'ya da yawa. Daga cikin 'ya'yansa akwai sanannun Nollywood Stars, kamar Abayomi Ogunmola da [[Peju Ogunmola|Peju Ogunmola Omobolanle]] . == Rayuwa da aiki == An haifi Elijah Kolawole Ogunmola a cikin iyalin George Ogunmola da Aina Ogunmola ne a garin Okemesi-[[Ekiti]] a ranar 11 ga Nuwamba, 1925. Kafin ya fara wasan kwaikwayo na sana'a, Ogunmola ya kasance malamin makaranta a [[Ado-Ekiti]] . A Makarantar Emmanuel, Ado-Ekiti, Ogunmola ta kirkiro wasan kwaikwayo na makaranta da dalibai ke yi a ciki kuma wani lokacin a waje da makarantar. Ya kafa ƙungiyar wasan kwaikwayo, Ogunmola's Theatre Party a kusa da wasu ɗalibai da abokan aikinsa. An tsara ƙungiyar ne bayan Ogunde's Theatre Party da wasu daga cikin wasan kwaikwayo na farko kamar "Reign of the Mighty", ɗaya daga cikin wasansa na farko ya nuna tasirin Kirista.{{Sfn|Welch|1972}} An shirya wasan kwaikwayo na farko na Ogunmola a yankin Ekiti na Najeriya.{{Sfn|Beier|1981}} An san shi da mai wasan kwaikwayo wanda ke da hankali ga ingancin wasan kwaikwayon a kan mataki.{{Sfn|Beier|1981}} Kamar Ogunde, yawancin ayyukansa na farko wasan kwaikwayo ne na Yoruba. Ana ba da rhythm ta hanyar drum da aka buga a bango, waƙoƙin suna cikin yaren Yoruba kuma rawa wani bangare ne na wasan.<ref name="Beier" /> A cikin shekarun 1950, gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Ogunmola ya yi tafiya sosai a duk yankin Yammacin Najeriya, yana yin aiki a makarantu, majami'u da dakuna.{{Sfn|Smith|1975}} Kodayake ƙungiyar ta yi irin wannan wasan kwaikwayon a kowane birni, masu sauraro na iya samun jin dadi na musamman daga ganin kowane wasan. Wasanni na Ogunmola ya ba da izinin yin wasan kwaikwayo a kan mataki kuma tare da kowane wasan kwaikwayon, ya bar wuri ga abin da ba a tsammani ba. Ayyukansa kuma suna da tasiri daga jin daɗin lokacin yayin da iliminsa game da al'adun Yoruba da yanayin ɗan adam suka girma tare da kowane wasan kwaikwayon.{{Sfn|Beier|1981}} Ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun wasansa, "Love for Money", labari ne game da wani mutum mai arziki wanda ya ƙaunaci mai jaraba kuma a sakamakon haka ya rabu da matarsa. Koyaya, dangantakarsa da mai jaraba ta lalata shi.{{Sfn|Smith|1975}} In 1955, he moved to [[Osogbo|Oshogbo]] from the Ekiti region{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2025}}. A shekara ta 1962, [[Ibadan]]" id="mwTA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="University of Ibadan">Jami'ar Ibadan ta kafa makarantar wasan kwaikwayo kuma an ba Ogunmola tallafi don zama mai zane-zane. Gidauniyar Rockefeller ce ta dauki nauyin shirin mai zane-zane kuma ta ba da kudaden Ogunmola don siyan kayan aiki wanda nan da nan ya ba shi damar shiga cikakkiyar sana'a. Wasan da ya fi shahara da Ogunmola ya yi, wanda ya dace da Amos Tutuola's the Palmwine Drinkard ya kasance sakamakon hadin gwiwarsa da Makarantar Wasan kwaikwayo a Ibadan. Lokacin da Ogunmola yake Ibadan, an ba shi rubutun da Tutuola ya rubuta don fassara zuwa wasan kwaikwayo na Yoruba. Sakamakon shi ne "Lanke Omuti" wanda aka fi sani da Palmwine Drinkard . Firayim Ministan wasan ya kasance a jami'ar, [[Demas Nwoko]] ne ya tsara shi kuma ya ba da umarni wanda ya yi aiki a kan samarwa da kuma zane-zane na wasan. A cikin shekarun 1960, Palmwine Drinkard ta sami karbuwa a Najeriya da kasashen waje.{{Sfn|Welch|1972}} Ya zama sananne bayan watanni shida da ya zauna a Ibadan wani bangare saboda nasarar Palmwine Drinkard . Wasan ya kasance mai gwagwarmaya sosai tare da Ọba kò don haka, wanda aka zaba don zaben Najeriya zuwa bikin zane-zane na Commonwealth a shekarar 1965. Ogunmola suffered a stroke in 1970 and his health continued to decline until he died in 1973 at the age of 48{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2025}}. == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Tushen == *   *   *   [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1973]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1925]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] dsp4hx19b5khveek8msmhr3r7u4kwvr 878524 878523 2026-07-07T14:18:09Z Maiakwai4u 37986 878524 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  '''Elijah Kolawole Ogunmola''' an hayfe shi a (11 Nuwamba 1925 - 1973) ya kasance [[Ɗan wasa|ɗan wasan kwaikwayo]] na Najeriya, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo, mime, darektan, kuma marubucin wasan kwaikwayo. An kuma dauki Ogunmola a matsayin daya daga cikin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo masu basira a Afirka a cikin shekarun 1950 da "60s". Ya haɓaka al'adun [[Yarbawa|Yoruba]], musamman wasan kwaikwayo na gargajiya (wasan kwaikwayo wanda ya haɗu da jigogi na Kirista tare da al'adun gargajiya na Yoruba، kiɗa da rawa, da kiɗa da suka shahara a al'adun birane) a cikin babban gidan wasan kwaikwayo ta hanyar aikinsa tare da [[Ogunmola Travelling Theatre|Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Ogunmola]] (wanda aka kafa a shekara ta 1948). Sun samar da wani nau'i na farko na [[Amos Tutuola]]'s The Palm Wine Drinkard, wanda aka yi a Taron Al'adu na Pan-Afirka na farko ([[Aljir|Algiers]], 1969). Ya samar da Ife Owo a shekarar 1965. Yana da satire game da aure da wadata. Ya yi amfani da Mime da raira waƙa da kuma drumming don isar da saƙonsa. Ya kuma samar da fasalin ban mamaki na Tutuola's The Palmwine Drinker . Ya kuma nuna babban iyawa a cikin wasan kwaikwayo da jagorantar. Ya auri mata da yawa kuma yana da 'ya'ya da yawa. Daga cikin 'ya'yansa akwai sanannun Nollywood Stars, kamar Abayomi Ogunmola da [[Peju Ogunmola|Peju Ogunmola Omobolanle]] . == Rayuwa da aiki == An haifi Elijah Kolawole Ogunmola a cikin iyalin George Ogunmola da Aina Ogunmola ne a garin Okemesi-[[Ekiti]] a ranar 11 ga Nuwamba, 1925. Kafin ya fara wasan kwaikwayo na sana'a, Ogunmola ya kasance malamin makaranta a [[Ado-Ekiti]] . A Makarantar Emmanuel, Ado-Ekiti, Ogunmola ta kirkiro wasan kwaikwayo na makaranta da dalibai ke yi a ciki kuma wani lokacin a waje da makarantar. Ya kafa ƙungiyar wasan kwaikwayo, Ogunmola's Theatre Party a kusa da wasu ɗalibai da abokan aikinsa. An tsara ƙungiyar ne bayan Ogunde's Theatre Party da wasu daga cikin wasan kwaikwayo na farko kamar "Reign of the Mighty", ɗaya daga cikin wasansa na farko ya nuna tasirin Kirista.{{Sfn|Welch|1972}} An shirya wasan kwaikwayo na farko na Ogunmola a yankin Ekiti na Najeriya.{{Sfn|Beier|1981}} An san shi da mai wasan kwaikwayo wanda ke da hankali ga ingancin wasan kwaikwayon a kan mataki.{{Sfn|Beier|1981}} Kamar Ogunde, yawancin ayyukansa na farko wasan kwaikwayo ne na Yoruba. Ana ba da rhythm ta hanyar drum da aka buga a bango, waƙoƙin suna cikin yaren Yoruba kuma rawa wani bangare ne na wasan.<ref name="Beier" /> A cikin shekarun 1950, gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Ogunmola ya yi tafiya sosai a duk yankin Yammacin Najeriya, yana yin aiki a makarantu, majami'u da dakuna.{{Sfn|Smith|1975}} Kodayake ƙungiyar ta yi irin wannan wasan kwaikwayon a kowane birni, masu sauraro na iya samun jin dadi na musamman daga ganin kowane wasan. Wasanni na Ogunmola ya ba da izinin yin wasan kwaikwayo a kan mataki kuma tare da kowane wasan kwaikwayon, ya bar wuri ga abin da ba a tsammani ba. Ayyukansa kuma suna da tasiri daga jin daɗin lokacin yayin da iliminsa game da al'adun Yoruba da yanayin ɗan adam suka girma tare da kowane wasan kwaikwayon.{{Sfn|Beier|1981}} Ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun wasansa, "Love for Money", labari ne game da wani mutum mai arziki wanda ya ƙaunaci mai jaraba kuma a sakamakon haka ya rabu da matarsa. Koyaya, dangantakarsa da mai jaraba ta lalata shi.{{Sfn|Smith|1975}} In 1955, he moved to [[Osogbo|Oshogbo]] from the Ekiti region{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2025}}. A shekara ta 1962, [[Ibadan]]" id="mwTA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="University of Ibadan">Jami'ar Ibadan ta kafa makarantar wasan kwaikwayo kuma an ba Ogunmola tallafi don zama mai zane-zane. Gidauniyar Rockefeller ce ta dauki nauyin shirin mai zane-zane kuma ta ba da kudaden Ogunmola don siyan kayan aiki wanda nan da nan ya ba shi damar shiga cikakkiyar sana'a. Wasan da ya fi shahara da Ogunmola ya yi, wanda ya dace da Amos Tutuola's the Palmwine Drinkard ya kasance sakamakon hadin gwiwarsa da Makarantar Wasan kwaikwayo a Ibadan. Lokacin da Ogunmola yake Ibadan, an ba shi rubutun da Tutuola ya rubuta don fassara zuwa wasan kwaikwayo na Yoruba. Sakamakon shi ne "Lanke Omuti" wanda aka fi sani da Palmwine Drinkard . Firayim Ministan wasan ya kasance a jami'ar, [[Demas Nwoko]] ne ya tsara shi kuma ya ba da umarni wanda ya yi aiki a kan samarwa da kuma zane-zane na wasan. A cikin shekarun 1960, Palmwine Drinkard ta sami karbuwa a Najeriya da kasashen waje.{{Sfn|Welch|1972}} Ya zama sananne bayan watanni shida da ya zauna a Ibadan wani bangare saboda nasarar Palmwine Drinkard . Wasan ya kasance mai gwagwarmaya sosai tare da Ọba kò don haka, wanda aka zaba don zaben Najeriya zuwa bikin zane-zane na Commonwealth a shekarar 1965. Ogunmola suffered a stroke in 1970 and his health continued to decline until he died in 1973 at the age of 48{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2025}}. == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Tushen == *   *   *   [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1973]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1925]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] iuc7qco0j83uvux9fehtk84igwsfwqx 0 70064 878619 621333 2026-07-07T16:48:12Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878619 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Sidi Larbi Cherkaoui.JPG|thumb|Daukar shirin]] '''''Larbi''''' (''Larbi ou le destin d'un grand footballeur'') Fim ne da aka shirya shi a shekarar alif 2011 na [[Moroko|Morocco]] wanda Driss Mini ya jagoranta kuma ya bada umarni. Fim ɗin ya samu wahayi ne daga rayuwar ɗan wasan kwallon kafa Larbi Benbarek.<ref>{{Cite web|title=:: CENTRE CINEMATOGRAPHIQUE MAROCAIN ::|url=https://www.ccm.ma/fiche_film-296|access-date=2021-11-15|website=www.ccm.ma}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MATIN|first=LE|title=Le Matin - Le fabuleux destin de Larbi|url=https://lematin.ma/journal/2011/Cinema_Le-fabuleux-destin-de-Larbi/154736.html|access-date=2021-11-15|website=Le Matin|language=fr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MATIN|first=LE|title=Le Matin - Le destin tragique de Larbi Benbarek|url=https://lematin.ma/journal/2011/Cinema_Le-destin-tragique-de-Larbi-Benbarek/145767.html|access-date=2021-11-15|website=Le Matin|language=fr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Africiné - Larbi - العربي|url=http://www.africine.org/film/larbi-157516041593158515761610/13222|access-date=2021-11-15|website=Africiné|language=fr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2011-08-25|title=Cinéma: Driss Mrini rend hommage à La Perle noire|url=https://www.leconomiste.com/article/886468-cinema-driss-mrini-rend-hommage-la-perle-noire|access-date=2021-11-15|website=L'Economiste|language=fr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Libé|title=Projection à Rabat du film "Larbi, ou le destin d'un grand footballeur"|url=https://www.libe.ma/Projection-a-Rabat-du-film-Larbi-ou-le-destin-d-un-grand-footballeur_a21068.html|access-date=2021-11-15|website=Libération|language=fr|archive-date=2021-11-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211115205737/https://www.libe.ma/Projection-a-Rabat-du-film-Larbi-ou-le-destin-d-un-grand-footballeur_a21068.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Takaitaccen bayani == Fim ɗin yana ba da tarihin rayuwar ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa Larbi Benbarek. == 'Yan wasa == * [[Hanane Ibrahimi|Hanane Ibrahim]] * [[Fadila Benmoussa]] * [[Bouchra Ahriche]] * [[Abdelhak Belmjahed|Abdelhak Belmjaheed]] * [[Mohamed Khashla|Mohammed Khashla]] * Mouhsine Muhtadi * Marion Despouys ne adam wata * [[Alexandre Ottovegio]] == Manazarta == [[Category:fim]] tnvf7hxwil5uci3b3hrbonouev73eyt 0 70380 878672 798881 2026-07-07T21:00:59Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878672 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Little Big Mouth fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na Afirka ta Kudu wanda Gray da Ziggy Hofmeyr suka ba da umarni kuma suka rubuta shi kuma Louw Venter ya rubuta shi. An fara shi a Netflix a ranar 22 ga Oktoba 2021. == Ƴan Wasa == * Babu Taswirar kamar Siya * [[Amanda Du-Pont|Amanda du-Pont]] a matsayin Mel * James Borthwick a matsayin Frank * Brady Hofmeyr a matsayin Luka * Charlie Bouguenon a matsayin Ceddie * Georgia-Ann Alp a matsayin Alice * Gray Hofmeyr a matsayin Oom Bremmer * Elzabé Zietsman a matsayin Tannie Agnes * Asgar Mahomed a matsayin Mai Shagon Ice Cream<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.thesouthafrican.com/tag/little-big-mouth/|title=Nay Maps is centre stage with Amanda du-Pont in upcoming Netflix film|journal=The South African|first=Naledi|last=de Wee|date=8 October 2021|accessdate=17 October 2021}}{{Dead link|date=July 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Fitarwa == Wani taken farko na fim din shine The Trouble with Siya . Mahaifin da ɗansa Gray da Ziggy Hofmeyr sun ba da umarnin fim din. Sun kuma rubuta rubutun tare da Louw Venter . Menzi Thabede na Thabede Films ne ya samar da fim din, wanda Asgar Mahomed ya samar da shi, kuma Andea de Jager ne ya samar. Babban daukar hoto fara ne a watan Maris na 2021 kuma an rufe shi a watan Afrilu. == Saki == ƙarshen Satumba 2021, an tabbatar da cewa Little Big Mouth zai kasance wani ɓangare na shirin Netflix na Oktoba mai zuwa.<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://ewn.co.za/2021/10/01/your-oct-netflix-guide-sa-s-angeliena-and-little-big-mouth-drop|title=Your Oct Netflix guide: SA's 'Angelina' and 'Little Big Mouth' drop|journal=Eyewitness News|date=29 September 2021|accessdate=17 October 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://collider.com/whats-new-on-netflix-in-october-2021/|title=Here's What's New on Netflix in October 2021|journal=Collider|first=Haleigh|last=Foutch|date=1 October 2021|accessdate=17 October 2021}}</ref> bayyana hoton ne a ranar 8 ga Oktoba sannan kuma an yi tirela a ranar 15 ga Oktoba. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Fim]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] hawhwss5smfu0gi5dz5ogl3u7xtmimn 0 71282 878516 794746 2026-07-07T13:45:19Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878516 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:XO-Beta1-mikemcgregor-2.jpg|thumb|Kwamfuta ]] == Bayani == Wannan jeri ne na kwamfutocin kwamfutar hannu, waɗanda aka haɗa su ta hanyar masu sauraro da aka yi niyya da ma'auni. == Allunan Media == Ana kwatanta allunan multimedia a cikin tebur masu zuwa. '''Girman allo fiye da 8.5 in (22cm).''' Tebura har guda biyu masu zuwa suna kwatanta allunan multimedia tare da fuska mafi girma fiye da 8.5 a cikin 2012 da kuma daga baya. '''Android''' {| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size: 85%; text-align: center; width: auto;" |- ! Model ! Release date ! [[display size#Measurements and units|Display size]] ! [[Display resolution]] ! Pixel density (PPI) ! Display technology ! Android version history !CPU Model ! {{nowrap|Wi-Fi}} ! Cellular ! [[Bluetooth]] ! [[Satellite navigation]] ! Storage capacity <small>{{nowrap|([[GiB]])}}</small> ! Storage expansion ! [[RAM]] <small>{{nowrap|(GiB)}}</small> ! Battery life <small>(h)</small> ! Camera(s) ! Thickness <small>(mm)</small> ! Weight ! Other features |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| [[Acer Tablet#Iconia Tab A510|Acer Iconia A510]]<ref>{{cite web |url= http://us.acer.com/ac/en/US/content/model/HT.H9LAA.004 |title= ICONIA TAB A510 |publisher= acer.com |access-date= 2012-06-08 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120501073546/http://us.acer.com/ac/en/US/content/model/HT.H9LAA.004 |archive-date= 2012-05-01 |url-status= dead }}</ref> | {{dts|2012|04}}<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.gsmarena.com/acer_iconia_tab_a510-4642.php |title=Acer Iconia Tab A510 |publisher= gsmarena.com |access-date= 2012-06-08}}</ref> | {{convert|10.1|in|cm|abbr=on}} | {{nowrap|1280×800 [[Wide Extended Graphics Array|WXGA]]}} | 149 | [[TFT LCD]] | [[Android Ice Cream Sandwich|4.0]] | | 802.11 b/g/n | {{no}} | {{yes|2.1+EDR}} | {{yes}} | 32 | microSDHC | 1 | 10.38<ref>{{cite web |author= Joseph Volpe |url= https://www.engadget.com/2012/04/30/acer-iconia-tab-a510-review/ |title= Acer Iconia Tab A510 review |publisher= [[Engadget]] |date= 2012-04-30 |access-date= 2012-06-08}}</ref> | Rear: 5MP, Front: 2MP | {{convert|10.2|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|680|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| [[Acer Iconia Tab#Iconia Tab A700|Acer Iconia A700]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://us-store.acer.com/product.aspx?prodid=231&catid=112 |title=ICONIA TAB A700 32GB Tablet |publisher=acer.com |access-date=2012-06-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120615214458/http://us-store.acer.com/product.aspx?prodid=231&catid=112 |archive-date=2012-06-15 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | {{dts|2012|06|22}}<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.releasedates.co/product/acer-iconia-tab-a700-release-date |title= Acer Iconia Tab A700 / A710 Release Date |publisher= releasedates.co |access-date= 2012-06-26 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120425034519/http://www.releasedates.co/product/acer-iconia-tab-a700-release-date |archive-date= 2012-04-25 |url-status= dead }}</ref> | {{convert|10.1|in|cm|abbr=on}} | {{nowrap|1920 × 1200}} | 224 | LCD | [[Android Ice Cream Sandwich|4.0]] | | 802.11 b/g/n | {{no}} | {{yes|2.1+EDR}} | {{yes}} | 32 | microSDHC | 1 | {{hs|0}}8.37<ref>{{cite web|author= Sarah Silbert |url= https://www.engadget.com/2012/06/26/iconia-tab-a700-review/ |title= Acer Iconia Tab A700 review |publisher= [[Engadget]] |date= 2012-06-26 |access-date= 2012-06-26}}</ref> | | {{convert|10.9|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|665|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| [[Acer Tablet#Iconia Tab A701|Acer Iconia A701]]<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.amazon.de/Acer-Tablet-PC-Geforce-Android-schwarz/dp/B008SONQWO |title=ICONIA TAB A701 |publisher= amazon.de |access-date= 2014-03-30}}</ref> | {{dts|2012|09}}<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.testberichte.de/p/acer-tests/iconia-tab-a701-testbericht.html#datasheet |title=Acer Iconia Tab A701 Release Date |publisher= www.testberichte.de |access-date= 2014-03-31}}</ref> | {{convert|10.1|in|cm|abbr=on}} | {{nowrap|1920 × 1200}} | 224 | LCD | [[Android Jelly Bean|4.1]] | | 802.11 b/g/n | {{Yes-No|Optional EDGE, GPRS, HSDPA, HSPA+, HSUPA}} <ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.testberichte.de/p/acer-tests/iconia-tab-a701-testbericht.html#datasheet |title=Acer Iconia Tab A701 Release Date|year=2023 }}</ref> | {{yes|2.1+EDR}} | {{yes}} | 64 | microSDHC | 1 | {{hs|0}}8.37<ref>{{cite web |author=amazon.de |url=https://www.amazon.de/Acer-Tablet-PC-Geforce-Android-schwarz/dp/B008SONQWO#productDetails |title=Acer Iconia Tab A701 review |publisher=amazon.de |date=2012-06-26 |access-date=2012-06-26}}</ref> | | {{convert|10.9|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|685|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| [[Kindle Fire HD|Amazon Kindle Fire HD 8.9&nbsp;in]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.amazon.com/Kindle-Fire-HD-9-inch/dp/B008GFRE5A |title=Kindle Fire HD 8.9 |website=Amazon |date=2012-09-06 |access-date=2012-09-09}}</ref> | {{dts|2012|11|20}} | {{hs|0}}{{convert|8.9|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 1920 × 1200 | 254 | [[IPS LCD]] | [[Android Ice Cream Sandwich|4.0]]<ref name="kindle fire hd OS">{{cite web|url= https://www.engadget.com/2012/09/06/amazon-confirms-kindle-fire-hd-models-use-android-4-0/ |title=Amazon confirms Kindle Fire HD models use Android 4.0 under the hood |publisher= [[Engadget]] |date= 2012-09-06 |access-date= 2012-09-09}}</ref> | | 802.11 a/b/g/n | {{Yes-No|Optional [[LTE (telecommunication)|LTE]]}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | 16, 32, 64 | {{no}} | 1 | {{hs|0}}9<ref>{{cite web |author= Tim Stevens |url= https://www.engadget.com/2012/11/19/amazon-kindle-fire-hd-8.9-review/ |title= Amazon Kindle Fire HD review (8.9-inch, 4G LTE) |publisher= [[Engadget]] |date= 2012-11-19 |access-date= 2012-11-20 |archive-date= 2012-11-20 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20121120005630/http://www.engadget.com/2012/11/19/amazon-kindle-fire-hd-8.9-review/ |url-status= dead }}</ref> | | {{hs|0}}{{convert|8.8|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|567|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| [[Kindle Fire HDX|Amazon Kindle Fire HDX 8.9&nbsp;in]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.amazon.com/Kindle-Fire-HDX-Display-Wi-Fi/dp/B00CLH6DSI |title=Kindle Fire HDX 8.9 |website=Amazon |date=2013-10-07 |access-date=2013-10-07}}</ref> | {{dts|2013|11|07}} | {{hs|0}}{{convert|8.9|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 2560 × 1600 | 339 | [[IPS LCD]] | [[Android Jelly Bean|4.2.2]]<ref name="Kindle Fire HD OS 3.0">{{cite web|url= http://www.androidcentral.com/amazon-announces-mojito-version-3-kindle-fire-os/ |title=Amazon announces 'Mojito' - version 3 of the Kindle Fire OS |publisher= AndroidCentral |date= 2013-10-07 |access-date= 2013-10-07}}</ref> | | 802.11 a/b/g/n | {{Yes-No|Optional [[LTE (telecommunication)|LTE]]}} | {{yes}} | {{yes-No|4G version only}} | 16, 32, 64 | {{no}} | 2 | {{hs|0}}17<ref>{{cite web |author=Eric Limer |url=https://gizmodo.com/kindle-fire-hdx-review-third-times-a-charmer-1427201835 |title=Kindle Fire HDX Review: Third Time's a Charmer |publisher=Gizmodo |date=2013-10-07 |access-date=2013-10-07}}</ref> | | {{hs|0}}{{convert|7.8|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|374|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| [[Archos]] 97 Titanium HD<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.archos.com/products/elements/archos_97titanium/index.html?country=us&lang=en&#a |title= ARCHOS 97 Titanium HD |publisher= archos.com |access-date= 2013-01-12 |archive-date= 2015-05-06 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150506024856/http://www.archos.com/products/elements/archos_97titanium/index.html?country=us&lang=en&#a |url-status= dead }}</ref> | {{dts|2013|03}}<ref name="Archos 97 Titanium phandroid">{{cite web|url= http://phandroid.com/2013/01/10/hands-on-archos-97-titanium-hd-and-80-titanium-tablets-video/ |title=Hands-on: ARCHOS 97 Titanium HD and 80 Titanium tablets |publisher= phandroid.com |date= 2013-01-10 |access-date= 2013-01-12}}</ref> | {{hs|0}}{{convert|9.7|in|cm|abbr=on}} | [[QXGA|2048 × 1536]] |266 | [[E-IPS|IPS LCD]] | [[Android Jelly Bean|4.1]] | | 802.11 a/b/g/n | {{no}} | {{no}} | {{no}} | {{hs|0}}8 | microSDXC | 1 | {{hs|0}}6<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.arctablet.com/blog/featured/archos-97-titanium-hd-quick-review-part-1-introduction/ |title=ARCHOS 97 Titanium HD quick review |publisher=arctablet.com |date=2013-01-15 |access-date=2013-01-20 |archive-date=2013-01-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130119100600/http://www.arctablet.com/blog/featured/archos-97-titanium-hd-quick-review-part-1-introduction/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> | | {{hs|0}}{{convert|9.0|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|640|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| [[Archos 101 Internet Tablet|Archos 101]] XS<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.archos.com/products/gen10/archos_101xs/specs.html?country=us&lang=en&#a |title= ARCHOS 101 XS |publisher= Archos |access-date= 2012-09-09 |archive-date= 2015-05-06 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150506024841/http://www.archos.com/products/gen10/archos_101xs/specs.html?country=us&lang=en&#a |url-status= dead }}</ref> | {{dts|2012|09|15}}<ref>{{cite web |url= http://androidcommunity.com/archos-101-xs-tablet-review-20120822/ |title= Archos 101 XS Tablet Review |publisher= androidcommunity.com |date= 2012-08-22 |access-date= 2012-09-09 |archive-date= 2012-09-20 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120920002651/http://androidcommunity.com/archos-101-xs-tablet-review-20120822/ |url-status= dead }}</ref> | {{convert|10.1|in|cm|abbr=on}} | {{nowrap|1280×800 [[Wide Extended Graphics Array|WXGA]]}} |149 | [[TFT LCD#Multi-domain vertical alignment (MVA)|MVA LCD]] | [[Android Ice Cream Sandwich|4.0]] | | 802.11 b/g/n | {{no}} | {{yes|4.0}} | {{yes}} | 16 | microSDXC | 1 | {{hs|0}}5.6<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.engadget.com/2012/08/22/archos-101-xs-review/ |title= Archos 101 XS review |publisher= [[Engadget]] |date= 2012-08-22 |access-date= 2012-09-09}}</ref> | | {{hs|0}}{{convert|8.0|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|600|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| [[Asus PadFone]] 2<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.asus.com/Mobile/PadFone2/#specifications |title= ASUS PadFone 2 |publisher= asus.com |access-date= 2012-10-28 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20121019065744/http://www.asus.com/Mobile/PadFone2/#specifications |archive-date= 2012-10-19 |url-status= dead }}</ref> | {{dts|2012|12}}<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.releasedates.co/product/asus-padfone-2-release-date |title= Asus PadFone 2 Release Date |publisher= releasedates.co |access-date= 2012-10-28 |archive-url= https://archive.today/20130116040735/http://www.releasedates.co/product/asus-padfone-2-release-date |archive-date= 2013-01-16 |url-status= dead }}</ref> | {{convert|10.1|in|cm|abbr=on}} | {{nowrap|1280×800 [[Wide Extended Graphics Array|WXGA]]}} |149 | [[E-IPS|IPS LCD]] | [[Android Ice Cream Sandwich|4.0]] | | 802.11 a/b/g/n | {{yes|HSPA+, LTE}} | {{yes|4.0}} | {{yes}} | 16, 32, 64 | {{no}} | 2 | {{hs|0}}9.47<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.engadget.com/2012/10/25/asus-padfone-2-review/ |title= ASUS PadFone 2 review |publisher= [[Engadget]] |date= 2012-10-25 |access-date= 2012-10-28}}</ref> | | {{hs|0}}{{convert|9.0|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|649|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| [[Asus Transformer Pad TF300T|Asus Transformer Pad TF300]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://eee.asus.com/eeepad/transformer-300/features/ |title=<nowiki>Transformer Pad &#124; Specification</nowiki> |publisher=asus.com |access-date=2012-06-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120625121511/http://eee.asus.com/eeepad/transformer-300/features/ |archive-date=2012-06-25 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | {{dts|2012|04}}<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.gsmarena.com/asus_transformer_pad_300-4596.php |title=Asus Transformer Pad 300 |publisher= gsmarena.com |access-date= 2012-06-08}}</ref> | {{convert|10.1|in|cm|abbr=on}} | {{nowrap|1280×800 [[Wide Extended Graphics Array|WXGA]]}} | 149 | [[E-IPS|IPS LCD]] | [[Android Jelly Bean|4.1]] | | 802.11 b/g/n | {{Yes-No|{{nowrap|Optional HSPA+}}, LTE}}<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.asus.com/Tablet/Transformer_Pad/ASUS_Transformer_Pad_TF300TG/#specifications |title=ASUS - Tablet- ASUS ASUS Transformer Pad TF300TG |publisher= asus.com |access-date= 2012-10-01}}</ref> | {{yes|3.0}} | {{yes}} | 16, 32 | microSDHC | 1 | {{hs|0}}8.5 (12 with dock)<ref>{{cite web|author= Dana Wollman |url= https://www.engadget.com/2012/04/22/asus-transformer-pad-tf300-review/ |title= ASUS Transformer Pad TF300 review |publisher= [[Engadget]] |date= 2012-04-22 |access-date= 2012-06-08}}</ref> | | {{hs|0}}{{convert|9.9|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|635|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"|[[Asus Transformer Pad Infinity|Asus Transformer Pad Infinity TF700T]]<ref name="transformer pad infinity">{{cite web |url=http://eee.asus.com/eeepad/transformer-infinity/features/ |title=Transformer Pad Infinity |publisher=ASUS |access-date=2012-03-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120302215032/http://eee.asus.com/eeepad/transformer-infinity/features/ |archive-date=2012-03-02 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | {{dts|2012|07|16}}<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.anandtech.com/show/6036/asus-transformer-pad-infinity-tf700t-review |title= ASUS Transformer Pad Infinity (TF700T) Review |publisher= anandtech.com |access-date= 2012-06-25 |archive-date= 2012-06-27 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120627013113/http://www.anandtech.com/show/6036/asus-transformer-pad-infinity-tf700t-review |url-status= dead }}</ref> | {{convert|10.1|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 1920 × 1200 | 224 | [[E-IPS|IPS LCD]] | [[Android Ice Cream Sandwich|4.0]] | | 802.11 b/g/n | {{no}} | {{yes|3.0+A2DP}} | {{yes}} | 32, 64 | microSDHC | 1 | {{hs|0}}9.5 (14 with dock) | | {{hs|0}}{{convert|8.5|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|598|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"|[[Asus Transformer Pad Infinity|Asus Transformer {{nowrap|Pad Infinity LTE}} TF700KL]]<ref name="transformer pad infinity"/> | {{dts|2012|07|16}}<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.gsmarena.com/asus_transformer_pad_infinity_700_lte-4605.php |title=Asus Transformer Pad Infinity 700 LTE |publisher= gsmarena.com |access-date= 2012-03-17}}</ref> | {{convert|10.1|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 1920 × 1200 | 224 | [[E-IPS|IPS LCD]] | [[Android Ice Cream Sandwich|4.0]] | | 802.11 b/g/n | {{yes|HSPA+, LTE}} | {{yes|3.0+A2DP}} | {{yes}} | 16, 32, 64 | microSDHC | 1 | {{hs|0}}9.5 (14 with dock) | | {{hs|0}}{{convert|8.5|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|598|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"|[[Asus Transformer Pad TF701T]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.asus.com/Tablets/The_New_ASUS_Transformer_PadTF701T/specifications/ |title=<nowiki>The New ASUS Transformer Pad(TF701T) Specification</nowiki> |publisher=asus.com |access-date=2014-10-16}}</ref> | {{dts|2013|11}} | {{convert|10.1|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 2560 × 1600 | 300 | [[E-IPS|IPS LCD]] | [[Android Jelly Bean|4.2]] (upgradable to [[Android KitKat|4.4]]) | | 802.11 a/b/g/n | {{no}} | {{yes|3.0+EDR}} | {{yes|[[GPS]] and [[GLONASS]]}} | 32, 64 | microSDHC, microSDXC | 2 | {{hs|0}}13 (17 with dock) | | {{hs|0}}{{convert|8.9|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|585|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"|[[Nook HD+|Barnes & Noble Nook HD+]]<ref name="nook tablet hd">{{cite web |url= https://nookdeveloper.barnesandnoble.com/product/nook-device-specs.html |title= NOOK Device Specs |publisher= Barnes & noble |access-date= 2012-09-27 |archive-url= https://archive.today/20121217114919/https://nookdeveloper.barnesandnoble.com/product/nook-device-specs.html |archive-date= 2012-12-17 |url-status= dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.barnesandnoble.com/p/nook-hd-plus-barnes-noble/1110060512 |title= BARNES & NOBLE &#124; NOOK |publisher=Barnes & noble |access-date= 2012-09-27}}</ref> | {{dts|2012|11|01}} | {{hs|0}}{{convert|9.0|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 1920 × 1280 | 257 | LCD | [[Android Ice Cream Sandwich|4.0]] | | 802.11 b/g/n | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | 16, 32, 64 | microSDXC | 1 |{{hs|0}}9 | | {{convert|11.4|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|515|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| [[Nexus 9|Google Nexus 9]]<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.google.com/nexus/9/ |title=Nexus 9 |access-date= 2014-10-31}}</ref>([[HTC]]) | {{dts|2014|11|03}} | {{convert|8.9|in|cm|abbr=on}} | [[QXGA|2048 × 1536]] | 288 | [[IPS panel|IPS LCD]]<ref name="gsmarena nexus 9">{{cite web|url= http://www.gsmarena.com/htc_nexus_9-5823.php |title= HTC Google Nexus 9 |publisher= gsmarena.com |access-date= 2014-10-31}}</ref> | [[Android Lollipop|5.0.2]] | | 802.11 a/b/g/n/ac | {{Yes-No|"LTE" model only}} | {{yes|4.1}} | {{yes|[[GPS]], [[GLONASS]], [[BeiDou Navigation Satellite System|Beidou]]}} | 16, 32 | {{no}} | 2 | {{hs|0}}9.5<ref name="gsmarena nexus 9"/> | | {{hs|0}}{{convert|7.9|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{nowrap|{{convert|425|g|lb|abbr=on}}}} (Wi-Fi)<br />{{nowrap|{{convert|436|g|lb|abbr=on}}}} {{nowrap|(LTE)}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| [[Nexus 10|Google Nexus 10]]<ref>{{cite web|url= https://play.google.com/store/devices/details?id=nexus_10_16gb |title=Nexus 10 (16GB) |access-date= 2012-10-29}}</ref>(Samsung) | {{dts|2012|11|13}} | {{convert|10.1|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 2560 × 1600 | 300 | PLS LCD<ref name="gsmarena nexus 10">{{cite web|url=http://www.gsmarena.com/samsung_google_nexus_10-5084.php |title=Samsung Google Nexus 10 |publisher=gsmarena.com |access-date=2012-10-29}}</ref> | [[Android Jelly Bean|4.2]] | | 802.11 b/g/n | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | 16, 32 | {{no}} | 2 | {{hs|0}}7.43<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.engadget.com/2012/11/02/nexus-10-review/ |title= Nexus 10 review |publisher= [[Engadget]] |date= 2012-11-02 |access-date= 2012-11-03}}</ref> | | {{hs|0}}{{convert|8.9|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|603|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| [[Huawei Honor|Honor]] Mediapad 10 FHD<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.huaweidevice.com/worldwide/productFeatures.do?pinfoId=3411&directoryId=5011&treeId=3290&tab=0 |title=MediaPad 10 FHD - Huawei Device Co., Ltd. |publisher=Huawei |access-date=2012-09-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120909083714/http://www.huaweidevice.com/worldwide/productFeatures.do?pinfoId=3411&directoryId=5011&treeId=3290&tab=0 |archive-date=2012-09-09 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | {{dts|2012|09}}<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.androidauthority.com/huawei-mediapad-10-fhd-release-date-111865/ |title= Huawei MediaPad 10 FHD to be released globally in September |publisher= androidauthority.com |date= 2012-09-03 |access-date= 2012-09-12 |archive-date= 2012-09-08 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120908031604/http://www.androidauthority.com/huawei-mediapad-10-fhd-release-date-111865/ |url-status= dead }}</ref> | {{convert|10.1|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 1920 × 1200 | 224 | [[E-IPS|IPS LCD]] | [[Android Ice Cream Sandwich|4.0]] | | 802.11 b/g/n | {{yes|HSPA+, LTE}} | {{yes|3.0}} | {{yes|[[A-GPS]]}} | {{hs|0}}8, 16, 32 | microSDHC<ref>{{cite web |url=http://reviews.cnet.co.uk/ipad-and-tablets/huawei-mediapad-10-fhd-review-50009048/ |title=<nowiki>Huawei MediaPad 10 FHD &#124; Reviews &#124; CNET UK</nowiki> |publisher=cnet.co.uk |date=2012-08-30 |access-date=2012-09-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120903235650/http://reviews.cnet.co.uk/ipad-and-tablets/huawei-mediapad-10-fhd-review-50009048/ |archive-date=2012-09-03 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | 2 | {{hs|0}}7.33<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.engadget.com/2012/11/08/huawei-mediapad-10-review/ |title= Huawei MediaPad 10 review |publisher= [[Engadget]] |date= 2012-11-08 |access-date= 2012-11-08}}</ref> | | {{hs|0}}{{convert|8.8|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|580|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| [[Kobo Arc]] 10 HD<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.kobo.com/koboarc10hd#overview|title = Rakuten Kobo}}</ref> | {{dts|2013|12}} | {{convert|10.1|in|cm|abbr=on}} | {{nowrap|2560 × 1600}} | 300 | [[E-IPS|IPS LCD]] | [[Android Jelly Bean|4.2.2]] | | 802.11 a/b/g/n with 2x2 MIMO | {{no}} | {{yes|v4.0}} | {{no}} | 16 | {{no}} | 2 | {{hs|0}}9.5 | | {{hs|0}}{{convert|9.9|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|627|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| [[IdeaPad tablets#IdeaTab S2110|Lenovo IdeaTab S2110]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.lenovo.com/products/us/tech-specs/tablet/ideatab/s2110/ |title=Lenovo S2110 Specs |publisher=lenovo.com |access-date=2012-10-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120730070957/http://www.lenovo.com/products/us/tech-specs/tablet/ideatab/s2110 |archive-date=2012-07-30 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | {{dts|2012|10|23}} | {{convert|10.1|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 1280×800 [[Wide Extended Graphics Array|WXGA]] | 149 | [[E-IPS|IPS LCD]] | [[Android Ice Cream Sandwich|4.0]] | | 802.11 b/g/n | {{Yes-No|Optional 3G}} | {{yes|4.0}} | {{yes-No|3G version only}} | 16, 32 | {{no}} | 1 | {{hs|0}}8.12<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.engadget.com/2012/10/16/lenovo-ideatab-s2110-review/ |title=Lenovo IdeaTab S2110 review |publisher= [[Engadget]] |date= 2012-10-16 |access-date= 2012-10-20}}</ref> | | {{hs|0}}{{convert|8.69|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|580|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"|[[Lenovo IdeaPad Yoga]]<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.amazon.de/Lenovo-59388167-IdeaPad-Tablet-Android/dp/B00GBQII60/ref=sr_1_3?s=computers&ie=UTF8&qid=1396305691&sr=1-3&keywords=lenovo+yoga+tablet+10 |title=Lenovo IdeaPad Yoga |publisher= amazon.de |access-date= 2013-09-08}}</ref> | {{dunno}} | {{hs|0}}{{convert|10.1|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 1280×800 [[Wide Extended Graphics Array|WXGA]] | 149 | [[E-IPS|IPS LCD]] | [[Android Jelly Bean|4.2]] | | 802.11 b/g/n | {{Yes-No|Optional UMTS 3G HSPA+}} | {{yes|4.0}} | {{yes}} | 16 | microSD | 1 | {{hs|0}}18 | | {{hs|0}}{{convert|8|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|608 or 599|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"|[[LG Optimus Pad|LG Optimus Pad LTE]]<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.lgmobile.co.kr/mobile-phone/U830/LG-LU8300/ |title=LG OPTIMUS Pad LTE |publisher= lgmobile.co.kr |access-date= 2013-09-08}}</ref> | {{dts|2012|01|18}}<ref>{{cite web|url= http://phandroid.com/2012/01/17/lg-officially-announces-optimus-pad-lte-sexy-tablet-with-8-9-inch-display-and-only-9-3mm-thick/ |title=LG Officially Announces Optimus Pad LTE |date=18 January 2012 |publisher= phandroid.com |access-date= 2013-09-08}}</ref> | {{hs|0}}{{convert|8.9|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 1280 × 768 | 168 | PLS LCD | [[Android Honeycomb|3.2]] | | 802.11 b/g/n | {{yes|HSPA+}} | {{yes|3.0}} | {{yes|[[A-GPS]], [[GLONASS]]}} | 32 | SDXC | 1 | {{hs|0}}10<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.slashgear.com/lg-optimus-pad-lte-revealed-18209650/ |title=LG Optimus Pad LTE revealed |publisher=slashgear.com |date=2012-01-18 |access-date=2013-09-08}}</ref> | | {{hs|0}}{{convert|9.34|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|497|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"|[[Samsung Galaxy Tab 2 10.1]]<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.samsung.com/global/microsite/galaxytab2/10.1/spec.html |title=Samsung GALAXY Tab 2 |publisher= samsung.com |access-date= 2012-09-09}}</ref> | {{dts|2012|05|12}}<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.releasedates.co/product/samsung-galaxy-tab-2-70-release-date |title= Samsung Galaxy Tab 2 (10.1 & 7.0) Release Date |publisher= releasedates.co |access-date= 2012-09-09 |archive-url= https://archive.today/20130116012410/http://www.releasedates.co/product/samsung-galaxy-tab-2-70-release-date |archive-date= 2013-01-16 |url-status= dead }}</ref> | {{convert|10.1|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 1280×800 [[Wide Extended Graphics Array|WXGA]] | 149 | PLS LCD | [[Android Ice Cream Sandwich|4.0]] | | 802.11 b/g/n | {{yes|HSPA+}} | {{yes|3.0}} | {{yes|[[A-GPS]], [[GLONASS]]}} | 16, 32 | microSDXC | 1 | {{hs|0}}8.93<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.engadget.com/2012/05/15/samsung-galaxy-tab-2-10-1-review/ |title= Samsung Galaxy Tab 2 10.1 review |publisher= [[Engadget]] |date= 2012-05-15 |access-date= 2012-09-09}}</ref> | | {{hs|0}}{{convert|9.7|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|580|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"|[[Samsung Galaxy Note 10.1]]<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.samsung.com/global/microsite/galaxynote/note_10.1/specifications.html |title=Samsung GALAXY Note 10.1 |publisher= samsung.com |access-date= 2012-09-09}}</ref> | {{dts|2012|08}}<ref name="note 10.1 gsmarena"/> | {{convert|10.1|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 1280×800 [[Wide Extended Graphics Array|WXGA]] | 149 | [[Super PLS|PLS LCD]]<ref name="note 10.1 gsmarena">{{cite web|url= http://www.gsmarena.com/samsung_galaxy_note_10_1_n8000-4573.php |title= Samsung Galaxy Note 10.1 N8000 |publisher= gsmarena.com |access-date= 2012-09-09}}</ref> | [[Android Ice Cream Sandwich|4.0]] | | 802.11 a/b/g/n | {{yes|GPRS/EDGE, HSPA+, LTE}} | {{yes|4.0}} | {{yes}} | 16, 32, 64 | microSDXC | 2 | {{hs|0}}8<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.engadget.com/2012/08/15/samsung-galaxy-note-10-1-review/ |title= Samsung Galaxy Note 10.1 review |publisher= [[Engadget]] |date= 2012-08-15 |access-date= 2012-09-09}}</ref> | | {{hs|0}}{{convert|8.9|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|600|g|lb|abbr=on}} | {{bulleted list|S-pen stylus input}} |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"|[[Samsung Galaxy Tab 3 10.1]]<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.samsung.com/global/microsite/galaxytab3/index_10.html |title= Samsung GALAXY Tab 3 10.1 |publisher= samsung.com |access-date= 2013-08-05}}</ref> | {{dts|2013|07}}<ref name="tab 3 10.1 gsmarena"/> | {{convert|10.1|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 1280×800 [[Wide Extended Graphics Array|WXGA]] | 149 | [[TFT LCD]]<ref name="tab 3 10.1 gsmarena">{{cite web|url= http://www.gsmarena.com/samsung_galaxy_tab_3_10_1_p5220-5491.php |title=Samsung Galaxy Tab 3 10.1 P5220 |publisher= gsmarena.com |access-date= 2013-08-05}}</ref> | [[Android Jelly Bean|4.2.2]] | | 802.11 a/b/g/n | {{yes|GPRS/EDGE, HSPA+, LTE}} | {{yes|4.0}} | {{yes}} | 16, 32 | microSDXC | 1 | {{hs|0}}6.92<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.engadget.com/2013/07/30/samsung-galaxy-tab-3-10-1-review/ |title=Samsung Galaxy Tab 3 10.1 review |publisher= [[Engadget]] |date= 2013-07-30 |access-date= 2012-08-05}}</ref> | | {{hs|0}}{{convert|8|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|510|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"|[[Samsung Galaxy Note 10.1 2014 Edition]] | {{dts|2013|10}}<ref name="note 10.1 2014 gsmarena"/> | {{convert|10.1|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 2560 × 1600 | 299 | [[TFT LCD]]<ref name="note 10.1 2014 gsmarena">{{cite web|url= http://www.gsmarena.com/samsung_galaxy_note_10_1_(2014_edition)-5677.php |title=Samsung Galaxy Note 10.1 P600 |publisher= gsmarena.com |access-date= 2013-09-08}}</ref> | [[Android Jelly Bean|4.3]] | | 802.11 a/b/g/n/ac | {{yes|GPRS/EDGE, HSPA+, LTE}} | {{yes|4.0}} | {{yes}} | 16, 32, 64 | microSDXC | 3 | TBT | | {{hs|0}}{{convert|7.9|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|535|g|lb|abbr=on}} | {{bulleted list|S-pen stylus}} |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col" | [[Samsung Galaxy Note Pro 12.2]] | {{dts|2014|02}} | {{convert|12.2|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 2560 × 1600 | 247 | [[TFT LCD]] | [[Android KitKat|4.4.2]] → [[Android Lollipop|5.0.2]] | | 802.11 a/b/g/n/ac | {{yes|HSPA+, LTE}} | {{yes|4.0}} | {{?}} | 32, 64, 128 | microSDXC | 3 | {{?}} | | {{hs|0}}{{convert|7.9|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|750|g|lb|abbr=on}} | {{bulleted list|S-pen}} |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col" | [[Samsung Galaxy Tab Pro 12.2]] | {{dts|2014|03}} | {{convert|12.2|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 2560 × 1600 | 247 | [[TFT LCD]] | [[Android KitKat|4.4]] | | 802.11 a/b/g/n/ac | {{yes|HSPA+, LTE}} | {{yes|4.0}} | {{?}} | 16, 32, 64 | microSDXC | 3 | {{?}} | | {{hs|0}}{{convert|8|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|740|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col" | [[Samsung Galaxy Tab 4 10.1]] | {{dts|2014|05}} | {{convert|10.1|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 1280×800 [[Wide Extended Graphics Array|WXGA]] | 149 | [[TFT LCD]] | [[Android KitKat|4.4.2]] &ndash; [[Android Lollipop|5.0.2]] | | 802.11 a/b/g/n | {{yes|HSPA+, EDGE/GPRS}} | {{yes|4.0}} | {{yes|[[GPS]], [[GLONASS]]}} | 16, 32 | microSDXC | 1.5 | {{?}} | | {{hs|0}}{{convert|8|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|495|g|lb|abbr=on}} &ndash; {{convert|489|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col" | [[Samsung Galaxy Tab A 9.7]] | {{dts|2015|05}} | {{convert|9.7|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 1024 × 768 | 132 | [[TFT LCD]] | [[Android Lollipop|5.0.2]] &ndash; [[Android Marshmallow|6.0.1]] | | 802.11 a/b/g/n/ac | {{Yes-No|3G, 4G/LTE for models ''x''555}} | {{yes|4.0}} | {{?}} | 16, 32 | microSDXC | 1.5 &ndash; 2 | {{?}} | | {{hs|0}}{{convert|7.5|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|450|g|lb|abbr=on}} &ndash; {{convert|493|g|lb|abbr=on}} | {{bulleted list|S-Pen stylus for P''nnn'' models}} |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"|[[Xperia Tablet S|Sony Xperia Tablet S]]<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.sony.co.uk/product/xperia-tablet-s/tab/editorialarticle2 |title=Xperia™ Tablet S Specifications |publisher= sony.co.uk |access-date= 2012-09-25}}</ref> | {{dts|2012|09}}<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.gsmarena.com/sony_xperia_tablet_s-4913.php |title=Sony Xperia Tablet S |access-date= 2012-09-25 |publisher= gsmarena.com}}</ref> | {{hs|0}}{{convert|9.4|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 1280×800 [[Wide Extended Graphics Array|WXGA]] | 161 | [[TFT LCD]] | [[Android Ice Cream Sandwich|4.0]] | | 802.11 a/b/g/n | {{Yes-No|Optional 3G}} | {{yes|3.0}} | {{yes}} | 16, 32, 64 | SDXC | 1 | {{hs|0}}8.52<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.engadget.com/2012/09/24/sony-xperia-tablet-s-review/ |title= Sony Xperia Tablet S review |publisher= [[Engadget]] |date= 2012-09-24 |access-date= 2012-09-25}}</ref> | | {{hs|0}}{{nowrap|{{convert|8.8|mm|in|abbr=on}}}} (thinnest) {{nowrap|{{convert|11.85|mm|in|abbr=on}}}} (thickest) | {{nowrap|{{convert|570|g|lb|abbr=on}}}} (Wi-Fi)<br />{{nowrap|{{convert|585|g|lb|abbr=on}}}} {{nowrap|(Wi-Fi+3G)}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"|[[Sony Xperia Tablet Z]]<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.sony.com.au/microsite/xperia-tablet-z/doc/whitepaper_EN_sgp311_sgp312_xperia_tablet_z.pdf |title= Xperia™ Tablet Z White paper |publisher= sonymobile.com |access-date= 2013-03-10 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130411222928/http://www.sony.com.au/microsite/xperia-tablet-z/doc/whitepaper_EN_sgp311_sgp312_xperia_tablet_z.pdf |archive-date= 2013-04-11 |url-status= dead }}</ref> | {{dts|2013|05|30}}<ref>{{cite web|url= http://blogs.sonymobile.com/press_release/sony-announces-global-availability-of-xperia-tablet-z/ |title=Sony announces global availability of Xperia™ Tablet Z |access-date= 2013-03-10 |publisher= sonymobile.com}}</ref> | {{convert|10.1|in|cm|abbr=on}} | [[WUXGA|1920 × 1200]] | 224 | [[TFT LCD]] | [[Android Jelly Bean|4.1]] | | 802.11 a/b/g/n | {{Yes-No|Optional [[LTE (telecommunication)|LTE]]}} | {{yes|4.0}} | {{yes|[[A-GPS]], [[GLONASS]]}} | 16, 32 | microSDHC | 2 | {{hs|0}}9.83 | | {{hs|0}}{{convert|6.9|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|495|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"|[[Sony Xperia Tablet Z2]]<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www-support-downloads.sonymobile.com/sgp521/whitepaper_EN_sgp521_sgp541_sgp551_xperia_z2_tablet.pdf |title= Xperia™ Tablet Z2 White paper |publisher= sonymobile.com |access-date= 2014-02-26 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140327222341/http://www-support-downloads.sonymobile.com/sgp521/whitepaper_EN_sgp521_sgp541_sgp551_xperia_z2_tablet.pdf |archive-date= 2014-03-27 |url-status= dead }}</ref> | {{dts|2014|03}} | {{convert|10.1|in|cm|abbr=on}} | [[WUXGA|1920 × 1200]] | 224 | [[E-IPS|IPS LCD]] | [[Android KitKat|4.4]] | | 802.11 a/b/g/n/ac | {{Yes-No|[[LTE (telecommunication)|LTE]]-equipped models}} | {{yes|4.0}} | {{yes|[[A-GPS]], [[GLONASS]]}} | 16 | [[microSDHC]], [[microSDXC]] | 3 | {{hs|0}}10 | | {{hs|0}}{{convert|6.4|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|426|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"|[https://www.tablette-chinoise.net/teclast-m20-4g-test-avis-review/ Teclast M20 4G] <ref>{{cite web|url=https://gearbest.com/tablet-pcs/pp_009145932966.html?wid=1433363&lkid=10642329|title=Teclast M20|publisher=teclast.com|date=2018-07-23|access-date=2018-07-23|archive-date=2018-11-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181122005444/https://www.gearbest.com/tablet-pcs/pp_009145932966.html?wid=1433363&lkid=10642329|url-status=dead}}</ref> | {{dts|2018|07|23}} | {{hs|0}}{{convert|10.1|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 2560 × 1600 | 299 | IPS OGS | [[Android Oreo|8.0]]<ref name="Teclast M20">{{cite web|url=https://www.tablette-chinoise.net/teclast-m20-4g-test-avis-review/ |title=Teclast M20 test |publisher= [[Engadget]] |date= 2018-07-23 |access-date= 2018-07-23}}</ref> | | 802.11 a/b/g/n/ac | {{Yes-No|dual 4G [[LTE (telecommunication)|LTE]]}} | 4.2 | GPS, Beidou, GLONASS, A-GPS | 32, 64 | micro SDHC micro SDXC | 4 | {{hs|0}}9<ref>{{cite web|author= Michael Maurel |url=https://www.tablette-chinoise.net/teclast-m20-4g-test-avis-review/|title=Teclast M20 4G test avis review (10.1-inch, 4G LTE) |publisher= [[Engadget]] |date= 2018-10-25 |access-date= 2018-11-25}}</ref> | | {{hs|0}}{{convert|8|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|553|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| Xiaomi Mi Pad 4 Plus | {{dts|2018|08|14}} | {{convert|10.1|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 1920 × 1200 | 224 | [[E-IPS|IPS LCD]] | [[Android Oreo|8.1]] | | 802.11 a/b/g/n/ac | {{yes|LTE}} | {{yes|5.0}} | {{yes|[[A-GPS]], [[GLONASS]], [[BeiDou|BDS]]}} | 64, 128 | micro SDXC | 4 | {{?}} | Rear: 13MP, Front: 5MP | {{hs|0}}{{convert|8|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|485|g|lb|abbr=on}} | * Fingerprint sensor |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| [[Xiaomi Pad 5]] | {{dts|2021|08|10}} |{{convert|11|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 2560 × 1600 | 274 | [[E-IPS|IPS LCD]] | [[Android 11|11]] | | 802.11 a/b/g/n/ac | {{no}} | {{yes|5.0}} | {{no}} | 128, 256 | {{no}} | 6 | {{?}} | Rear: 13MP, Front: 8MP | {{hs|0}}{{convert|6.9|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|511|g|lb|abbr=on}} | * Xiaomi Smart Pen stylus * Xiaomi Pad Keyboard with magnetic connection |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| [[Xiaomi Pad 5|Xiaomi Pad 5 Pro]] | {{dts|2021|08|10}} | {{convert|11|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 2560 × 1600 | 274 | [[E-IPS|IPS LCD]] | [[Android 11|11]] | | 802.11 a/b/g/n/ac/6 | {{Yes-No|Optional [[5G]]}} | {{yes|5.2}} | {{yes-No|5G version only. [[A-GPS]], [[GLONASS]], [[BeiDou|BDS]], [[Galileo (satellite navigation)|Galileo]], [[Quasi-Zenith Satellite System|QZSS]]}} | 128, 256 | {{no}} | 6, 8 | {{?}} | Rear: 13MP + 5MP (Wi-Fi) 50MP + 5MP (5G) Front: 8MP | {{hs|0}}{{convert|6.9|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|515|g|lb|abbr=on}} (Wi-Fi) {{convert|518|g|lb|abbr=on}} (5G) | * Fingerprint sensor * Xiaomi Smart Pen stylus * Xiaomi Pad Keyboard with magnetic connection |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| [[Xiaomi Pad 5|Xiaomi Pad 5 Pro 12.4]] | {{dts|2022|08|11}} | {{convert|12.4|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 2560 × 1600 | 244 | [[E-IPS|IPS LCD]] | [[Android 12|12]] | | 802.11 a/b/g/n/ac/6 | {{no|}} | {{yes|5.2}} | {{no}} | 128, 256, 512 | {{no}} | 6, 8, 12 | {{?}} | Rear: 50MP + 2MP Front: 20MP | {{hs|0}}{{convert|6.7|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|620|g|lb|abbr=on}} | * Xiaomi Smart Pen stylus * Xiaomi Pad Keyboard 12.4 with magnetic connection |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| Redmi Pad | {{dts|2022|10|04}} | {{convert|10.61|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 2000 × 1200 | 220 | [[E-IPS|IPS LCD]] | [[Android 12|12]] | | 802.11 a/b/g/n/ac | {{no|}} | {{yes|5.3}} | {{no}} | 64, 128 | {{no}} | 3, 4, 6 | {{?}} | Rear: 8MP Front: 8MP | {{hs|0}}{{convert|7.1|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|465|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- class="sortbottom" ! Model ! Release date ! Display size ! Display resolution ! Pixel density (PPI) ! Display technology ! Operating system !CPU model ! {{nowrap|Wi-Fi}} ! Cellular ! Bluetooth ! Satellite navigation ! Storage capacity <small>{{nowrap|(GiB)}}</small> ! Storage expansion ! [[RAM]] <small>{{nowrap|(GiB)}}</small> ! Battery life <small>(h)</small> !Camera(s) ! Thickness <small>(mm)</small> ! Weight ! Other features |} ====iOS==== This table compares multimedia tablets running the ''iOS'' operating system. <!-- ATTENTION: DO NOT GROUP (COMBINE) TABLE HEADERS, COLSPAN & ROWSPAN BREAKS TABLE SORTING --> {| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size: 85%; text-align: center; width: auto;" |- ! Model ! Release date ! [[display size#Measurements and units|Display size]] ! [[Display resolution]] ! Pixel density (PPI) ! Display technology ! [[iOS version]] ! [[CPU]] model ! {{nowrap|Wi-Fi}} ! Cellular ! Bluetooth ! [[Satellite navigation]] ! Storage capacity <small>{{nowrap|(GiB)}}</small> ! Storage expansion ! [[RAM]] <small>{{nowrap|(GiB)}}</small> ! Battery life <small>(h)</small><br />{{r|group=Note|battery}} ! Thickness <small>(mm)</small> ! Weight |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| [[IPad (3rd generation)|Apple iPad (3rd generation)]]<ref name="apple">{{cite web|url= https://www.apple.com/ipad/specs/ |title=iPad Technical Specifications |publisher=[[Apple Inc.]] |access-date= 2012-03-07 |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100130144829/http://www.apple.com/ipad/specs/ |archive-date= 2010-01-30 }}</ref> | {{dts|2012|03|16}} | {{hs|0}}{{convert|9.7|in|cm|abbr=on}} | [[QXGA|2048 × 1536]] | 264 | [[E-IPS|IPS LCD]] | [[iOS 5|5.1]] (upgradable to [[iOS 9|9.3.5]]) | [[Apple A5X]] | 802.11N | {{Yes-No|Optional UMTS, [[HSDPA]], LTE, GSM/EDGE}} | {{yes|4.0}} | {{Yes-No|4G version only}} | 16, 32, 64 | {{no}} | 1<ref name="ipad3 cpu and ram">{{cite web|url=http://osxdaily.com/2012/03/13/ipad-3-benchmarks-show-1gb-ram-and-1ghz-processor/|title=iPad 3 Benchmarks Show 1GB RAM and 1GHz Processor|date=2012-03-13|publisher=OSXDaily.com|access-date=2012-03-14}}</ref> | 10 (9 on 4G) | {{hs|0}}{{convert|9.4|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{nowrap|{{convert|650|g|lb|abbr=on}}}}({{nowrap|Wi-Fi}})<br />{{nowrap|{{convert|660|g|lb|abbr=on}}}} ({{nowrap|Wi-Fi}}+4G) |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| [[IPad (4th generation)|Apple iPad (4th generation)]]<ref name="apple"/> | {{dts|2012|11|02}} | {{hs|0}}{{convert|9.7|in|cm|abbr=on}} | [[QXGA|2048 × 1536]] | 264 | [[E-IPS|IPS LCD]] | [[iOS 6|6]] (upgradable to [[IOS 10|10.3.3]]) | [[Apple A6X]] | 802.11 a/b/g/n | {{Yes-No|Optional UMTS, [[HSDPA]], LTE, GSM/EDGE}} | {{yes|4.0}} | {{Yes-No|4G version only}} | 16, 32, 64, 128 | {{no}} | 1<ref name="ipad 4 benchmark">{{citation|title=Early iPad (4th generation) Benchmarks|date=2012-10-30|url=http://www.primatelabs.com/blog/2012/10/early-ipad-4th-generation-benchmarks/|publisher=primatelabs.com|access-date=2012-10-30}}</ref> | 10 | {{hs|0}}{{convert|9.4|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{nowrap|{{convert|650|g|lb|abbr=on}}}}({{nowrap|Wi-Fi}})<br />{{nowrap|{{convert|660|g|lb|abbr=on}}}} ({{nowrap|Wi-Fi}}+4G) |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col" | [[iPad (5th generation)]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.apple.com/ipad-9.7/specs/|title=iPad 9.7-inch - Technical Specifications|website=Apple|language=en-US|access-date=2017-11-23}}</ref> | {{dts|2017|03|24}} |{{hs|0}}{{convert|9.7|in|cm|abbr=on}} |[[QXGA|2048 × 1536]] |264 |[[E-IPS|IPS LCD]] |[[IOS 10|10.2.1]] (upgradable to 11+) |[[Apple A9]] | 802.11 a/b/g/n/ac + MIMO | {{Yes-No|Optional UMTS, [[HSDPA]], LTE, GSM/EDGE}} | {{yes|4.2}} | {{Yes-No|4G version only}} | 32, 128 | {{no}} | 2 | 10 (9 on 4G) | {{hs|0}}{{convert|7.5|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{nowrap|{{convert|469|g|lb|abbr=on}}}}({{nowrap|Wi-Fi}})<br />{{nowrap|{{convert|478|g|lb|abbr=on}}}} ({{nowrap|Wi-Fi}}+4G) |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col" | [[iPad Air]]<ref name="air">{{cite web |url=https://www.apple.com/ipad-air/specs/ |title=iPad Air Technical Specifications |publisher=[[Apple Inc.]] |access-date=2013-10-22}}</ref> | {{dts|2013|11|01}} | {{hs|0}}{{convert|9.7|in|cm|abbr=on}} | [[QXGA|2048 × 1536]] | 264 | [[E-IPS|IPS LCD]] | [[iOS 7|7.0.3]] (upgradable to 11+) | [[Apple A7]] | 802.11 a/b/g/n + MIMO | {{Yes-No|Optional UMTS, [[HSDPA]], LTE, GSM/EDGE}} | {{yes|4.0}} | {{Yes-No|4G version only}} | 16, 32, 64, 128 | {{no}} | 1 | 10 (9 on 4G) | {{hs|0}}{{convert|7.5|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{nowrap|{{convert|469|g|lb|abbr=on}}}}({{nowrap|Wi-Fi}})<br />{{nowrap|{{convert|478|g|lb|abbr=on}}}} ({{nowrap|Wi-Fi}}+4G) |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col" | [[iPad Air 2]]<ref name="air 2">{{cite web |url=https://www.apple.com/ipad-air-2/specs/ |title=iPad Air 2 Technical Specifications |publisher=[[Apple Inc.]] |access-date=2014-11-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151026051534/http://www.apple.com/ipad-air-2/specs/ |archive-date=2015-10-26 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | {{dts|2014|10|22}} | {{hs|0}}{{convert|9.7|in|cm|abbr=on}} | [[QXGA|2048 × 1536]] | 264 | [[E-IPS|IPS LCD]] | [[iOS 8|8.1]] (upgradable to 11+) | [[Apple A8X]] | 802.11 a/b/g/n/ac + MIMO | {{Yes-No|Optional UMTS, [[HSDPA]], LTE, GSM/EDGE}} | {{yes|4.0}} | {{Yes-No|4G version only}} | 16, 32, 64, 128 | {{no}} | 2 | 10 (9 on 4G) | {{hs|0}}{{convert|6.1|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{nowrap|{{convert|437|g|lb|abbr=on}}}}({{nowrap|Wi-Fi}})<br />{{nowrap|{{convert|444|g|lb|abbr=on}}}} ({{nowrap|Wi-Fi}}+4G) |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col" | [[iPad Pro (12.9-inch)]]<ref name="monster">{{cite news|title=Bigger iPad announced at Apple 'monster' event |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-apple-products-idUSKCN0R917620150909 |first=Julia |last=Love |date=September 9, 2015 |work=[[Reuters]] |location=San Francisco |access-date=September 9, 2015}}</ref> | {{dts|2015|11|11}} | {{hs|0}}{{convert|12.9|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 2732 × 2048 | 264 | [[E-IPS|IPS LCD]] | [[iOS 9|9.1]] (upgradable to 11+) | [[Apple A9X]] | 802.11 a/b/g/n/ac + MIMO | {{Yes-No|Optional UMTS, [[HSDPA]], LTE, GSM/EDGE}} | {{yes|4.0}} | {{Yes-No|4G version only}} | 32, 128, 256 | {{no}} | 4 | 10 (9 on 4G) | {{hs|0}}{{convert|6.9|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{nowrap|{{convert|713|g|lb|abbr=on}}}}({{nowrap|Wi-Fi}})<br />{{nowrap|{{convert|723|g|lb|abbr=on}}}} ({{nowrap|Wi-Fi}}+4G) |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col" | [[iPad Pro (12.9-inch) (2nd generation)]]<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.apple.com/ipad-pro/specs/|title=iPad Pro - Technical Specifications|website=Apple|language=en-US|access-date=2017-11-23}}</ref> | {{dts|2017|06|13}} | {{hs|0}}{{convert|12.9|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 2732 × 2048 | 264 | [[E-IPS|IPS LCD]] | [[IOS 10|10.3.2]] (upgradable to 11+) | [[Apple A10X]] | 802.11 a/b/g/n/ac + MIMO | {{Yes-No|Optional UMTS, [[HSDPA]], LTE, GSM/EDGE}} | {{yes|4.2}} | {{Yes-No|4G version only}} | 64, 256, 512 | {{no}} | 4 | 10 (9 on 4G) | {{hs|0}}{{convert|6.9|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{nowrap|{{convert|677|g|lb|abbr=on}}}}({{nowrap|Wi-Fi}})<br />{{nowrap|{{convert|692|g|lb|abbr=on}}}} ({{nowrap|Wi-Fi}}+4G) |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col" | [[iPad Pro (10.5-inch)]]<ref name=":0" /> | {{dts|2017|06|13}} | {{hs|0}}{{convert|10.5|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 2224 x 1668 | 264 | [[E-IPS|IPS LCD]] | [[IOS 10|10.3.2]] (upgradable to 11+) | [[Apple A10X]] | 802.11 a/b/g/n/ac + MIMO | {{Yes-No|Optional UMTS, [[HSDPA]], LTE, GSM/EDGE}} | {{yes|4.2}} | {{Yes-No|4G version only}} | 64, 256, 512 | {{no}} | 4 | 10 (9 on 4G) | {{hs|0}}{{convert|6.1|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{nowrap|{{convert|469|g|lb|abbr=on}}}}({{nowrap|Wi-Fi}})<br />{{nowrap|{{convert|477|g|lb|abbr=on}}}} ({{nowrap|Wi-Fi}}+4G) |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col" | [[iPad Pro (9.7-inch)]]<ref name="monster" /> | {{dts|2016|03|31}} | {{hs|0}}{{convert|9.7|in|cm|abbr=on}} | [[QXGA|2048 × 1536]] | 264 | [[E-IPS|IPS LCD]] | [[iOS 9|9.3]] (upgradable to 11+) | [[Apple A9X]] | 802.11 a/b/g/n/ac + MIMO | {{Yes-No|Optional UMTS, [[HSDPA]], LTE, GSM/EDGE}} | {{yes|4.0}} | {{Yes-No|4G version only}} | 32, 128, 256 | {{no}} | 2 | 10 (9 on 4G) | {{hs|0}}{{convert|6.1|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{nowrap|{{convert|437|g|lb|abbr=on}}}}({{nowrap|Wi-Fi}})<br />{{nowrap|{{convert|444|g|lb|abbr=on}}}} ({{nowrap|Wi-Fi}}+4G) |- class="sortbottom" ! Model ! Release date ! Display size ! Display resolution ! Pixel density (PPI) ! Display technology ! iOS version ! CPU model ! {{nowrap|Wi-Fi}} ! Cellular ! Bluetooth ! [[Satellite navigation]] ! Storage capacity <small>{{nowrap|(GiB)}}</small> ! Storage expansion ! [[RAM]] <small>{{nowrap|(GiB)}}</small> ! Battery life <small>(h)</small> ! Thickness <small>(mm)</small> ! Weight |} ====Windows==== This table compares multimedia tablets running ''Windows'' operating systems. <!-- ATTENTION: DO NOT GROUP (COMBINE) TABLE HEADERS, COLSPAN & ROWSPAN BREAKS TABLE SORTING --> {| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size: 85%; text-align: center; width: auto;" |- ! Model ! Release date ! [[display size#Measurements and units|Display size]] ! [[Display resolution]] ! Pixel density (PPI) ! Display technology ! [[List of Microsoft Windows versions|Microsoft Windows version]] ! {{nowrap|Wi-Fi}} ! Cellular ! Bluetooth ! [[Satellite navigation]] ! Storage capacity <small>([[GiB]])</small> ! Storage expansion ! [[RAM]] <small>{{nowrap|(GiB)}}</small> ! Battery life <small>(h)</small> ! Thickness <small>(mm)</small> ! Weight ! Other features |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| [[Acer Iconia Tab|Acer Iconia W510]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://us.acer.com/ac/en/US/content/model-datasheet/NT.L0KAA.001 |title=<nowiki>W510-1666 | Model Datasheet</nowiki> |publisher=acer.com |access-date=2013-02-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130128232040/http://us.acer.com/ac/en/US/content/model-datasheet/NT.L0KAA.001 |archive-date=2013-01-28 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | {{dts|2012|11|09}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rttnews.com/1979880/acer-announces-iconia-w510-tablet-release-date-and-price.aspx |title=Acer Announces Iconia W510 Tablet Release Date And Price |publisher=rttnews.com |access-date=2013-02-09}}</ref> | {{convert|10.1|in|cm|abbr=on}} | {{nowrap|1366 × 768}} | 155 | [[E-IPS|IPS LCD]] | [[Windows 8|8]] | 802.11 a/b/g/n | {{no}} | {{yes|4.0}} | {{no}} | 64 | microSD | 2 | {{hs|0}}8.32<ref name="w510 engadget" /> | {{hs|0}}{{convert|8.9|mm|in|abbr=on}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mobiletechreview.com/notebooks/Acer-Iconia-Tab-W510.htm |title=Acer Iconia Tab W510 Review |publisher=mobiletechreview.com |access-date=2013-02-09}}</ref> | {{convert|576|g|lb|abbr=on}}<ref name="w510 engadget">{{cite web|author= Dana Wollman |url= https://www.engadget.com/2012/10/09/acer-iconia-w510-review/ |title=Acer Iconia W510 review |publisher= [[Engadget]] |date= 2012-10-09 |access-date= 2013-02-09}}</ref> | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| [[Acer Iconia Tab|Acer Iconia W700]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://us.acer.com/ac/en/US/content/model-datasheet/NT.L0EAA.005 |title=<nowiki>W700-6465 | Model Datasheet</nowiki> |publisher=acer.com |access-date=2013-01-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130128224244/http://us.acer.com/ac/en/US/content/model-datasheet/NT.L0EAA.005 |archive-date=2013-01-28 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | {{dts|2012|10|26}}<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.releasedates.co/product/acer-iconia-tab-w700-release-date |title= Acer Iconia Tab W700 Release Date |publisher= releasedates.co |access-date= 2013-01-12 |archive-url= https://archive.today/20130219212338/http://www.releasedates.co/product/acer-iconia-tab-w700-release-date |archive-date= 2013-02-19 |url-status= dead }}</ref> | {{convert|11.6|in|cm|abbr=on}} | {{nowrap|1920 × 1080}} | 190 | [[E-IPS|IPS LCD]] | [[Windows 8|8]] | 802.11 a/b/g/n | {{no}} | {{yes|4.0}} | {{no}} | {{hs|99}}128 | {{no}} | 4 | {{hs|0}}7.22<ref>{{cite web|author= Dana Wollman |url= https://www.engadget.com/2012/12/14/acer-iconia-w700-review/ |title= Acer Iconia W700 review |publisher= [[Engadget]] |date= 2012-12-14 |access-date= 2013-01-12}}</ref> | {{convert|12.7|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|1043|g|lb|abbr=on}}<ref>{{cite web |url= http://us.acer.com/ac/en/US/press/2012/46138 |title= Acer America Debuts Iconia W700 Tablet PC |publisher= acer.com |access-date= 2013-01-12 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130119123403/http://us.acer.com/ac/en/US/press/2012/46138 |archive-date= 2013-01-19 |url-status= dead }}</ref> | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| [[Asus Transformer#Asus Transformer Book|Asus Transformer Book T100]] | {{dts|2013|12|12}}<ref name="t100 engadget">{{cite web|author= Dana Wollman |url= https://www.engadget.com/2013/12/01/asus-transformer-book-t100-review/ |title= ASUS Transformer Book T100 review: a Windows tablet with netbook roots |publisher= [[Engadget]] |access-date= 2014-06-08}}</ref> | {{convert|10.1|in|cm|abbr=on}} | {{nowrap|1366 × 768}} | 155 | [[E-IPS|IPS LCD]] | [[Windows 8|8.x]] | 802.11 a/b/g/n | {{no}} | {{yes|4.0}} | {{yes|GPS & [[GLONASS]]}} | 32 | microSD | 2 | {{hs|0}}10,40<ref name="t100 engadget"/> | {{hs|0}}{{convert|10.5|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|550|g|lb|abbr=on}}<ref name="t100ta asus specs">{{cite web |url= http://www.asus.com/Notebooks_Ultrabooks/ASUS_Transformer_Book_T100/specifications/ |title= ASUS Transformer Book T100 Specifications |publisher= asus.com |access-date= 2014-06-08 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140609080734/http://www.asus.com/Notebooks_Ultrabooks/ASUS_Transformer_Book_T100/specifications/ |archive-date= 2014-06-09 |url-status= dead }}</ref> | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| [[Asus VivoTab]] | {{dts|2012|10|26}}<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.techradar.com/news/mobile-computing/tablets/asus-vivo-tab-rt-starts-at-599-coming-oct-26-1106590 |title= Pricing for Asus Vivo Tab RT announced, coming Oct. 26 |publisher= [[TechRadar]] |date= 2012-10-23 |access-date= 2012-10-27 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20121027004307/http://www.techradar.com/news/mobile-computing/tablets/asus-vivo-tab-rt-starts-at-599-coming-oct-26-1106590 |archive-date= 2012-10-27 |url-status= dead }}</ref> | {{convert|10.1|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 1366 × 768 | 155 | [[E-IPS|IPS LCD]] | {{depends|[[Windows RT|RT]] / [[Windows 8|8]]}} | 802.11 b/g/n | {{no}} | {{yes|4.0}} | {{depends}} | {{depends}} | {{depends}} | 2 | {{depends}}:{{bulleted list|10.67<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.engadget.com/2012/10/26/asus-vivotab-rt-review |title=ASUS VivoTab RT review |publisher= [[Engadget]] |date= 2012-10-26 |access-date= 2012-10-27}}</ref>|7.5<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.engadget.com/2013/02/20/asus-vivotab-smart-review/ |title= ASUS VivoTab Smart review |publisher= [[Engadget]] |date= 2013-02-20 |access-date= 2013-03-03}}</ref>}} | {{depends}} | {{depends}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| [[Wacom (company)#Cintiq Companion|Wacom Cintiq Companion]]<ref>{{cite web |url= http://cintiqcompanion.wacom.com/CintiqCompanion/en/ |title= Cintiq Companion hybrid details |publisher= wacom.com |access-date= 2014-04-03 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140403155139/http://cintiqcompanion.wacom.com/CintiqCompanion/en/ |archive-date= 2014-04-03 |url-status= dead }}</ref> | {{dts|2013|08|08}} | {{convert|13.3|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 1920 × 1080 | 166 | [[E-IPS|IPS LCD]] | [[Windows 8|8]] | yes (unknown) | {{no}} | {{yes|unknown}} | {{no}} | 256, 512 | Micro SD | 8 | {{hs|0}}up to 5 | {{convert|17|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|1800|g|lb|abbr=on}} | {{bulleted list|Wacom digitizer}} |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| [[ThinkPad Tablet 2|Lenovo Thinkpad Tablet 2]]<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.lenovo.com/products/us/tech-specs/tablet/thinkpad-tablet/thinkpad-tablet-2/ |title=ThinkPad Tablet 2 Specs |publisher= [[Lenovo]] |access-date= 2013-02-17}}</ref> | {{dts|2013|01|07}}<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.engadget.com/2012/12/20/lenovo-thinkpad-tablet-2-goes-on-sale-may-arrive-in-january/ |title= Lenovo ThinkPad Tablet 2 goes on sale, may arrive in January |publisher= [[Engadget]] |date= 2012-12-20 |access-date= 2013-02-17}}</ref> | {{convert|10.1|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 1366 × 768 | 155 | [[E-IPS|IPS LCD]] | [[Windows 8|8 Pro]] | 802.11 a/b/g/n | {{Yes-No|Optional HSPA+, LTE}} | {{yes|4.0}} | {{yes}} | 64 | microSD | 2 | 10.45<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.engadget.com/2013/02/11/lenovo-thinkpad-tablet-2-review/ |title= Lenovo ThinkPad Tablet 2 review |publisher= [[Engadget]] |date= 2013-02-11 |access-date= 2013-02-17}}</ref> | {{hs|0}}{{convert|9.8|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|565|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| [[LG Tab-Book]] | {{dts|2013}} | {{convert|11.6|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 1366 × 768 |135 | [[E-IPS|IPS LCD]] | [[Windows 8|8]] | 802.11 a/b/g/n | {{no}} | {{yes|4.0}} | {{no}} | {{depends}} | microSD | {{depends}} | {{depends}} | {{convert|16|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{depends}} | {{bulleted list|Slide-out keyboard}} |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| [[Surface Pro|Microsoft Surface Pro]]<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.microsoft.com/Surface/en-US/surface-with-windows-8-pro/specifications |title=Surface specifications |publisher= [[Microsoft]] |access-date= 2013-01-27}}</ref> | {{dts|2013|02|09}}<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/news/Press/2013/Jan13/01-22SurfaceFamilyPR.aspx |title=Microsoft Grows Surface Family |publisher= [[Microsoft]] |access-date= 2013-01-28}}</ref> | {{convert|10.6|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 1920 × 1080 | 208 | LCD | [[Windows 8|8 Pro]] | 802.11 a/b/g/n | {{no}} | {{yes|4.0}} | {{no}} | 64, 128 | microSDXC | 4 | {{hs|0}}3.77<ref>{{cite web|author= Tim Stevens |url= https://www.engadget.com/2013/02/05/microsoft-surface-pro-review/ |title= Microsoft Surface Pro review |publisher= [[Engadget]] |date= 2013-02-05 |access-date= 2013-02-06}}</ref> | {{convert|13.5|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|907|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| [[Surface (2012 tablet)|Microsoft Surface RT]]<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.microsoft.com/Surface/en-US/surface-with-windows-rt/specifications |title=Surface specifications |publisher= [[Microsoft]] |access-date= 2012-10-19}}</ref> | {{dts|2012|10|26}} | {{convert|10.6|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 1366 × 768 | 149 | LCD | [[Windows RT|RT]] | 802.11 a/b/g/n | {{no}} | {{yes|4.0}} | {{no}} | 32, 64 | microSDXC | 2 | {{hs|0}}9.6<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.engadget.com/2012/10/23/microsoft-surface-rt-review/ |title= Microsoft Surface with Windows RT review |publisher= [[Engadget]] |date= 2012-10-23 |access-date= 2012-10-27}}</ref> | {{hs|0}}{{convert|9.4|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|680|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| [[Razer Inc.|Razer]] Edge Pro<ref>{{Cite web |title=Legacy Products |url=https://www.razer.com/legacy-products |access-date=2022-10-05 |website=Razer |language=en-US}}</ref> | {{dts|2013|03|28}}<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.cnet.com/laptops/razer-edge-pro-core/4505-3121_7-35561052.html |title=Razer Edge review |publisher= [[CNET|c{{!}}net]] |date= 2013-03-28 |access-date= 2013-04-07}}</ref> | {{convert|10.1|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 1366 × 768 | 155 | [[E-IPS|IPS LCD]] | [[Windows 8|8]] | 802.11 b/g/n | {{no}} | {{yes|4.0}} | {{no}} | {{hs|99}}128, 256 | {{no}} | 8 | {{hs|0}}3.67<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.engadget.com/2013/03/28/razer-edge-review/ |title= Razer Edge Pro review |publisher= [[Engadget]] |date= 2013-03-28 |access-date= 2013-04-07}}</ref> | {{convert|19.5|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|962|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| [[Samsung Ativ Tab]]<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.samsung.com/global/ativ/ativ_tab.html |title=Samsung ATIV TAB |publisher= samsung.com |access-date= 2012-10-25}}</ref> | {{dts|2012|10|26}}<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.releasedates.co/product/samsung-ativ-tab-release-date |title= Samsung ATIV Tab Release Date |publisher= releasedates.co |access-date= 2012-10-27 |archive-url= https://archive.today/20130115234258/http://www.releasedates.co/product/samsung-ativ-tab-release-date |archive-date= 2013-01-15 |url-status= dead }}</ref> | {{convert|10.1|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 1366 × 768 | 155 | LCD | [[Windows RT|RT]] | 802.11 a/b/g/n | {{no}} | {{yes|4.0}} | {{yes}} | 32, 64 | microSD | 2 | 12 | {{hs|0}}{{convert|8.9|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|570|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| [[Samsung Ativ Tab 5]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.samsung.com/us/computer/tablet-pcs/XE500T1C-HA2US-specs |title=Specs - Tablet PCs XE500T1C |publisher=samsung.com |access-date=2013-02-09}}</ref> | {{dts|2012|11|02}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bestbuy.ca/en-CA/product/samsung-samsung-ativ-smart-pc-500t-11-6-64gb-windows-8-tablet-with-intel-atom-processor-blue-xe500t1c-a01ca/10225582.aspx |title=Samsung ATIV Smart PC 500T 11.6" 64GB Windows 8 Tablet With Intel Atom Processor |publisher=bestbuy.ca |access-date=2013-02-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121211105220/http://www.bestbuy.ca/en-CA/product/samsung-samsung-ativ-smart-pc-500t-11-6-64gb-windows-8-tablet-with-intel-atom-processor-blue-xe500t1c-a01ca/10225582.aspx |archive-date=2012-12-11 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | {{convert|11.6|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 1366 × 768 |135 | LCD | [[Windows 8|8]] | 802.11 a/b/g/n | {{no}} | {{yes|4.0}} | {{no}} | 64 | microSD | 2 | {{hs|0}}7.07<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.engadget.com/2012/12/05/samsung-ativ-smart-pc-att-review/ |title= Samsung ATIV Smart PC review (AT&T LTE) |publisher= [[Engadget]] |date= 2012-12-05 |access-date= 2013-02-09}}</ref> | {{hs|0}}{{convert|9.65|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|748|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| [[Samsung Ativ Tab 7]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.samsung.com/us/computer/tablet-pcs/XE700T1C-A01US-specs |title=Specs - Tablet PCs XE700T1C |publisher=samsung.com |access-date=2013-02-09}}</ref> | {{dts|2012|11|23}}<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.bestbuy.ca/en-CA/product/samsung-samsung-ativ-smart-pc-pro-700t-11-6-128gb-windows-8-tablet-keyboard-with-intel-core-i5-black-xe700t1c-a01ca/10225581.aspx |title= Samsung ATIV Smart PC Pro 700T 11.6" 128GB Windows 8 Tablet & Keyboard With Intel Core i5 |publisher= bestbuy.ca |access-date= 2013-02-09 |archive-date= 2012-12-04 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20121204233444/http://www.bestbuy.ca/en-CA/product/samsung-samsung-ativ-smart-pc-pro-700t-11-6-128gb-windows-8-tablet-keyboard-with-intel-core-i5-black-xe700t1c-a01ca/10225581.aspx |url-status= dead }}</ref> | {{convert|11.6|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 1920 × 1080 |190 | LCD | [[Windows 8|8]] | 802.11 a/b/g/n | {{no}} | {{yes|4.0}} | {{no}} | {{hs|99}}128 | microSD | 4 | {{hs|0}}4.37<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/review/notebooks/samsung/ativ_smart_pc_pro_700t_xe700t1c-a02au/451729 |title= Samsung Ativ Smart PC Pro 700T |publisher= pcworld.idg.com.au |access-date= 2013-02-09 |archive-date= 2013-01-29 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130129083125/http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/review/notebooks/samsung/ativ_smart_pc_pro_700t_xe700t1c-a02au/451729 |url-status= dead }}</ref> | {{convert|12.7|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|857|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| [[Samsung Ativ Tab 3]]<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.samsung.com/global/ativ/ativtab3.html |title=Samsung Ativ Tab 3|publisher= samsung.com |access-date= 2013-02-09}}</ref> | {{dts|2013|06|20}} | {{convert|10.1|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 1366 × 768 |135 | Super PLS LCD | [[Windows 8|8]] | 802.11 a/b/g/n | {{Yes-No|Optional HSPA+, LTE}} | {{yes|4.0}} | {{yes}} | 64 | microSD | 2 | {{hs|0}}9<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.phonearena.com/phones/Samsung-ATIV-Tab-3_id7907 |title=Samsung ATIV Tab 3|publisher= phonearena.com |date= 2013-06-20 |access-date= 2013-10-11}}</ref> | {{hs|0}}{{convert|8.2|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|550|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col" | [[Samsung Galaxy TabPro S]] | {{dts|2016|03}} | {{convert|12|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 2160 × 1440 | 216 | [[TFT LCD]] | [[Windows 10|10]] | 802.11 a/b/g/n/ac | {{?}} | {{yes|4.1}} | {{?}} | 128 or 256 | {{no}} | 4 or 8 | {{?}} | {{hs|0}}{{convert|6.3|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|693|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- class="sortbottom" ! Model ! Release date ! Display size ! Display resolution ! Pixel density (PPI) ! Display technology ! Microsoft Windows version ! {{nowrap|Wi-Fi}} ! Cellular ! Bluetooth ! Satellite navigation ! Storage capacity <small>{{nowrap|(GiB)}}</small> ! Storage expansion ! [[RAM]] <small>{{nowrap|(GiB)}}</small> ! Battery life <small>(h)</small> ! Thickness <small>(mm)</small> ! Weight ! Other features |} ==={{convert|5|-|8.5|in|cm|abbr=on}} screen=== This table compares {{nowrap|5–8.5 in}} screen (multi-)media tablets released in ''2012'' and later. ====Android==== This table compares multimedia tablets running ''Android'' operating systems. <!-- ATTENTION: DO NOT GROUP (COMBINE) TABLE HEADERS, COLSPAN & ROWSPAN BREAKS TABLE SORTING --> {| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size: 85%; text-align: center; width: auto;" |- ! Model ! Release date ! [[computer display|Display]] ! [[Display resolution]] ! Pixel density (PPI) ! Display technology ! [[Android version history|Android version]] ! {{nowrap|Wi-Fi}} ! Cellular ! Bluetooth ! [[Satellite navigation]] ! Storage capacity <small>{{nowrap|(GiB)}}</small> ! [[computer data storage|Storage]] expansion ! [[RAM]] <small>{{nowrap|(GiB)}}</small> ! Battery life <small>(hr)</small> ! Thickness <small>(mm)</small> ! Weight !Other features |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"|[[NOVO7|Ainol Novo7]] {{nowrap|Aurora II}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ainol-novo.com/ainol-novo-7-aurora-ii-dual-core-1-5ghz-7-inch-ips-touch-screen-1g-ram-android-tablet.html |title=Ainol Novo 7 Aurora II |publisher=ainol-novo.com |access-date=2012-08-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130605025123/http://www.ainol-novo.com/ainol-novo-7-aurora-ii-dual-core-1-5ghz-7-inch-ips-touch-screen-1g-ram-android-tablet.html |archive-date=2013-06-05 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.slatedroid.com/topic/36760-review-the-ainol-aurora-ii-tablet-on-budget-china-nexus-7/ |title=<nowiki>[Review]</nowiki> The Ainol Aurora II - Tablet on budget, China Nexus 7? |publisher=slatedroid.com |access-date=2012-08-05}}</ref> | {{dts|2012|06}} | {{convert|7.0|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 1024 × 600 |170 | [[In-plane switching|IPS LCD]] | [[Android Ice Cream Sandwich|4.0]] | 802.11 b/g/n | {{no}} | {{no}} | {{no}} | 16 | microSDHC | 1 | {{hs|0}}7.0 | {{convert|11.9|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|342|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"|Ainol Novo7 Flame<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ainol-novo.com/ainol-novo-7-flame-dual-core-1-5ghz-7-inch-1280-800-ips-screen-android-tablet.html |title=Ainol Novo 7 Flame |publisher=ainol-novo.com |access-date=2012-09-01}}</ref> | {{dts|2012|09|10}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uplaytablet.com/ainol-novo-7-flame-burning-release-date-is-set-to-be-sept-10th/ |title=Ainol NOVO 7 Flame release date is set to be Sept 10th |publisher=uplaytablet.com |date=2012-08-28 |access-date=2012-09-01}}</ref> | {{convert|7.0|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 1280 × 800 |216 | [[E-IPS|IPS LCD]] | [[Android Ice Cream Sandwich|4.0]] | 802.11 b/g/n | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | 16 | microSDHC | 1 | {{hs|0}}8.55<ref>{{cite web |url= http://ainolstore.com/forums/topic/304-ainol-novo-7-fire-review-battery-life-test/ |title= Ainol Novo 7 Fire Review -- Battery Life Test |publisher= ainol forum |date= 2012-08-22 |access-date= 2012-09-03 |archive-date= 2012-09-01 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120901030256/http://ainolstore.com/forums/topic/304-ainol-novo-7-fire-review-battery-life-test/ |url-status= dead }}</ref> | {{convert|10.6|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|336|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"|[[Archos GamePad]]<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.archos.com/products/gamepad/specs.html?country=us&lang=en&#a |title= ARCHOS GamePad |publisher= archos.com |access-date= 2012-12-15 |archive-date= 2015-05-06 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150506025431/http://www.archos.com/products/gamepad/specs.html?country=us&lang=en&#a |url-status= dead }}</ref> | {{dts|2012|12|06}}<ref>{{cite web|url= http://phandroid.com/2012/12/06/buy-archos-gamepad-europe/ |title=Archos GamePad goes up for sale in Europe |publisher= phandroid.com |date= 2012-12-06 |access-date= 2012-12-15}}</ref> | {{convert|7.0|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 1024 × 600 |170 | LCD | [[Android Jelly Bean|4.1]] | 802.11 b/g/n | {{no}} | {{no}} | {{no}} | {{hs|0}}8 | microSDHC | 1 | {{hs|0}}4.6<ref name="gamepad arctablet">{{cite web|url=http://www.arctablet.com/blog/featured/archos-gamepad-android-portable-console-review-part-1-introduction/|title=Archos GamePad Android portable console review|date=2012-12-06|publisher=arctablet.com|access-date=2012-12-15|archive-date=2012-12-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121209014505/http://www.arctablet.com/blog/featured/archos-gamepad-android-portable-console-review-part-1-introduction/|url-status=dead}}</ref> | {{convert|15.4|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|330|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| Fuhu Nabi 2<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nabitablet.com/specs/nabi2 |title=Tech Specs - Nabi 2 |publisher=Fuhu |date=2012-09-11 |access-date=2012-09-11 |archive-date=2012-09-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120917025920/http://www.nabitablet.com/specs/nabi2 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | {{dts|2012|08}}<ref>{{cite web |author= Jasmine Maleficent Rea |url= https://venturebeat.com/2012/06/21/nabi-2-tablet-blends-gamification-with-parenting-review/ |title= Nabi 2 tablet blends gamification with parenting (review) |publisher= venturebeat.com |date= 2012-06-21 |access-date= 2012-09-11 |archive-date= 2012-08-14 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120814201616/http://venturebeat.com/2012/06/21/nabi-2-tablet-blends-gamification-with-parenting-review/ |url-status= dead }}</ref> | {{convert|7.0|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 1024 × 600 | 170 | LCD | [[Android Ice Cream Sandwich|4.0]] | 802.11 b/g/n | {{no}} | {{yes|3.0}} | {{no}} | {{hs|0}}8 | microSDHC | 1 | {{hs|0}}4.9<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.technobuffalo.com/companies/google/android/nabi-2-quad-core-android-tablet-quick-review/ |title=Nabi 2 Quad-Core Android Tablet Quick Review |publisher=technobuffalo.com |date=2012-06-25 |access-date=2012-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120905232622/http://www.technobuffalo.com/companies/google/android/nabi-2-quad-core-android-tablet-quick-review/ |archive-date=2012-09-05 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | {{convert|29.08|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|596|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| [[Nexus 7 (2012 version)|Google Nexus 7 (2012)]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.google.com/nexus/#/7/specs |title=Tech Specs - Nexus 7 |date=2012-06-28 |access-date=2012-06-28}}</ref>([[Asus]]) | {{dts|2012|08}} mid-month<ref>{{cite web|author=Chris Smith |url= http://www.androidauthority.com/google-nexus-7-release-date-pricing-97991/ |title=Google Nexus 7 release date and pricing |publisher= androidauthority.com |date= 2012-06-27 |access-date= 2012-06-28}}</ref> | {{convert|7.0|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 1280 × 800 | 216 | [[E-IPS|IPS LCD]] | [[Android Jelly Bean|4.2]] | 802.11 b/g/n | {{Yes-No|Optional HSPA+}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{hs|0}}8, 16, 32 | {{no}} | 1 | {{hs|0}}9.82<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.engadget.com/2012/06/28/nexus-7-review/ |title=Nexus 7 review |publisher= [[Engadget]] |date= 2012-06-28 |access-date= 2012-06-28}}</ref> | {{convert|10.45|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|340|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| [[Nexus 7 (2013 version)|Google Nexus 7 (2013)]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.google.com/nexus/7/ |title= Nexus 7 |date=2013-07-29 |access-date=2013-08-25}}</ref>([[Asus]]) | {{dts|2013|08}} mid-month<ref>{{cite web|author=Ken Yeung |url= https://thenextweb.com/google/2013/07/26/so-much-for-launch-dates-googles-new-nexus-7-tablet-has-landed-in-the-google-play-store/ |title=Google's new Nexus 7 tablet has landed in the Google Play store |publisher= thenextweb.com |date= 2013-07-26 |access-date= 2013-08-25}}</ref> | {{convert|7.02|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 1920 × 1200 | 323 | [[E-IPS|IPS LCD]] | [[Android Jelly Bean|4.3]] | 802.11 a/b/g/n | {{Yes-No|Optional HSPA+, LTE}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{hs|0}}16, 32 | {{no}} | 2 | {{hs|0}}7.32<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.engadget.com/2013/07/29/nexus-7-review-2013/ |title=Nexus 7 review (2013) |publisher= [[Engadget]] |date= 2012-07-29 |access-date= 2012-08-25}}</ref> | {{convert|8.7|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|290|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| [[Kindle Fire HD|Amazon Kindle Fire HD]]<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.amazon.com/Kindle-Fire-HD/dp/B0083PWAPW |title=Kindle Fire HD |website=Amazon |access-date= 2012-09-09}}</ref> | {{dts|2012|09|14}} | {{convert|7.0|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 1280 × 800 | 216 | [[E-IPS|IPS LCD]] | [[Android Ice Cream Sandwich|4.0]]<ref name="kindle fire hd OS" /> | 802.11 a/b/g/n | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | 16, 32 | {{no}} | 1 | {{hs|0}}9.95<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.engadget.com/2012/09/11/amazon-kindle-fire-hd-review-7-inch/ |title= Amazon Kindle Fire HD review (7-inch) |publisher= [[Engadget]] |date= 2012-09-11 |access-date= 2012-09-12}}</ref> | {{convert|10.3|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|395|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| [[Kindle Fire HDX|Amazon Kindle Fire HDX]]<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00BWYRF7E/ref=fs_ft |title=Kindle Fire HDX |website=Amazon |access-date= 2015-05-19}}</ref> | {{dts|2013|10|18}} | {{convert|7.0|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 1920 × 1200 | 323 | [[E-IPS|IPS LCD]] | [[Android KitKat|4.4.3]] (customized as Fire OS4) | 802.11 a/b/g/n | {{Yes-No|Optional}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | 16, 32, 64 | {{no}} | 2 | {{hs|0}}11 | {{convert|9|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|303|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"|[[Kobo Arc]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kobo.com/koboarc/techspecs/ |title=Kobo Arc Technical Specs |publisher=kobo.com |access-date=2012-09-25}}</ref> | {{dts|2012|11}}<ref name="arc cnet">{{cite web|url=http://reviews.cnet.com/tablets/kobo-arc-8gb-black/4505-3126_7-35435501.html|title=Kobo Arc - Tablets - CNET Reviews|date=2012-09-05|publisher=cnet.com|access-date=2012-09-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120927032939/http://reviews.cnet.com/tablets/kobo-arc-8gb-black/4505-3126_7-35435501.html|archive-date=2012-09-27|url-status=dead}}</ref> | {{convert|7.0|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 1280 × 800 | 215 | [[E-IPS|IPS LCD]] | [[Android Ice Cream Sandwich|4.0]] | 802.11 b/g/n | {{no}} | {{no}} | {{no}} | 16, 32, 64 | {{no}} | 1 | {{unk}} | {{convert|11.5|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|364|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"|Milagrow TabTop 7.4<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.milagrowhumantech.com/tabtop/4gb-usps |title= Milagrow TabTop 7.4 Specifications |publisher= milagrowhumantech.com |access-date= 2013-02-12 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120606064751/http://www.milagrowhumantech.com/tabtop/4gb-usps |archive-date= 2012-06-06 |url-status= dead }}</ref> | {{dts|2012|05}}<ref>{{cite web |url= http://tech2.in.com/news/tablets/milagrow-launches-tabtop-74-tablet-series-starting-at-rs10990/311642 |title= Milagrow launches TabTop 7.4 series |publisher= tech2.in.com |access-date= 2013-02-12 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120906082350/http://tech2.in.com/news/tablets/milagrow-launches-tabtop-74-tablet-series-starting-at-rs10990/311642 |archive-date= 2012-09-06 |url-status= dead }}</ref> | {{convert|7.0|in|cm|abbr=on}} | {{hs|0}}800 × 600 | 137 | LCD | [[Android Ice Cream Sandwich|4.0]] | 802.11 b/g/n | {{no}} | {{no}} | {{yes|A-GPS}} | {{hs|0}}4, 16 | microSD | 0.5 | {{unk}} | {{hs|0}}{{convert|6.5|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|361|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| [[Nook HD|Barnes & Noble Nook HD]]<ref name="nook tablet hd"/><ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.barnesandnoble.com/p/nook-hd-barnes-noble/1110060426 |title= BARNES & NOBLE &#124; NOOK |publisher= Barnes & noble |access-date= 2012-09-27}}</ref> | {{dts|2012|11|01}} | {{convert|7.0|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 1440 × 900 | 243 | [[E-IPS|IPS LCD]] | [[Android Ice Cream Sandwich|4.0]] | 802.11 b/g/n | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{hs|0}}8, 16 | microSDHC | 1 | {{hs|0}}9 | {{convert|11|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|315|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| [[LG G Pad 8.3]] | {{dts|2013|09}} | {{convert|8.3|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 1920 × 1080 | 273 | [[TFT LCD]] | [[Android Jelly Bean|4.2.2]] | 802.11 a/b/g/n | {{Yes-No|Optional HSPA+, LTE unreleased}} | {{yes|4.0}} | {{yes|A-GPS, GLONASS}} | 16 | microSDXC | 2 | TBT | {{hs|0}}{{convert|8.3|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|338|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"|[[Shield Tablet|Nvidia Shield Tablet]] | {{dts|2014|09}} | {{convert|8.0|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 1920 × 1200 | 294 | [[E-IPS|IPS LCD]] | [[Android KitKat|4.4.2]] | 802.11 a/b/g/n | {{Yes-No|Optional GPRS/EDGE, HSPA+}} | {{yes|4.0}} | {{yes|GPS, GLONASS}} | 16, 32 | microSDXC (128GB) | 2 | 10.8 | {{hs|0}}{{convert|9.2|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{nowrap|{{convert|390|g|lb|abbr=on}}}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| [[Samsung Galaxy Tab 2 7.0]]<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.samsungmobilepress.com/2012/02/13/Samsung's-new-GALAXY-Tab-2-(7.0)-offers-optimal-multimedia-experiences-in-life |title= Samsung's new GALAXY Tab 2 7.0 offers optimal multimedia experiences in life" &#124; Samsung Mobile Press |publisher= Samsung.com |date= 2012-02-13 |access-date= 2012-02-13 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120215211323/http://www.samsungmobilepress.com/2012/02/13/Samsung's-new-GALAXY-Tab-2-(7.0)-offers-optimal-multimedia-experiences-in-life |archive-date= 2012-02-15 |url-status= dead }}</ref> | {{dts|2012|04}}<ref name="galaxy tab 2 7.0 techcrunch">{{cite web|url= https://techcrunch.com/2012/04/11/samsungs-249-galaxy-tab-2-7-0-to-make-u-s-debut-on-april-22-we-go-hands-on/ |title=Samsung's $249 Galaxy Tab 2 7.0 To Make U.S. Debut On April 22, We Go Hands-On |date= 2012-04-11 |publisher= techcrunch.com |access-date= 2012-04-12}}</ref> | {{convert|7.0|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 1024 × 600 | 169 | PLS LCD | [[Android Ice Cream Sandwich|4.0]] | 802.11 b/g/n | {{yes|GPRS/EDGE, HSPA+}} | {{yes|3.0}} | {{yes|A-GPS, GLONASS}} | {{hs|0}}8, 16, 32 | microSD | 1 | {{hs|0}}7.63<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.engadget.com/2012/04/11/samsung-galaxy-tab-2-7-0-review/ |title= Samsung Galaxy Tab 2 (7.0) review |publisher= [[Engadget]] |date= 2012-04-11 |access-date= 2012-04-12}}</ref> | {{convert|10.5|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|344|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| [[Samsung Galaxy Tab 3 7.0]]<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.samsung.com/global/microsite/galaxytab3/index_7.html |title=Samsung GALAXY Tab 3 7.0 |publisher= Samsung.com |access-date= 2013-08-05}}</ref> | {{dts|2013|07|07}} | {{convert|7.0|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 1024 × 600 | 169 | [[TFT LCD]] | [[Android Jelly Bean|4.1]] | 802.11 a/b/g/n | {{yes|HSPA+}} | {{yes|3.0}} | {{yes|A-GPS, GLONASS}} | 8, 16 | microSDXC | 1 | {{hs|0}}8.6 | {{hs|0}}{{convert|9.9|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|306|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| [[Samsung Galaxy Note 8.0]]<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.samsung.com/global/microsite/galaxynote/note8.0/specifications.html |title=Samsung GALAXY Note 8.0 |publisher= Samsung.com |access-date= 2013-04-21}}</ref> | {{dts|2013|04|11}}<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.androidcentral.com/samsung-galaxy-note-80-hits-us-week |title=Samsung Galaxy Note 8.0 hits the U.S. this week for $399 |publisher= androidcentral.com |access-date= 2013-04-21}}</ref> | {{convert|8.0|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 1280 × 800 | 189 | [[TFT LCD]] | [[Android Jelly Bean|4.1]] | 802.11 a/b/g/n | {{yes|HSPA+, LTE}} | {{yes|4.0}} | {{yes|A-GPS, GLONASS}} | 16, 32 | microSDXC | 2 | {{hs|0}}7.3<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.engadget.com/2013/04/09/samsung-galaxy-note-8-review/ |title=Samsung Galaxy Note 8.0 review |publisher= [[Engadget]] |date= 2013-04-09 |access-date= 2012-04-21}}</ref> | {{hs|0}}{{convert|7.95|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|340|g|lb|abbr=on}} | {{bulleted list|S-pen stylus}} |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| [[Samsung Galaxy Tab 3 8.0]]<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.samsung.com/global/microsite/galaxytab3/index_8.html |title=Samsung GALAXY Tab 3 8.0 |publisher= Samsung.com |access-date= 2013-08-05}}</ref> | {{dts|2013|07|07}} | {{convert|8.0|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 1280 × 800 | 189 | [[TFT LCD]] | [[Android Jelly Bean|4.2.2]] | 802.11 a/b/g/n | {{yes|HSPA+, LTE}} | {{yes|4.0}} | {{yes|A-GPS, GLONASS}} | 16, 32 | microSDXC | 1.5 | {{hs|0}}7.3<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.engadget.com/2013/08/02/samsung-galaxy-tab-3-8-0-review/ |title=Samsung Galaxy Tab 3 8.0 review |publisher= [[Engadget]] |date= 2013-08-02 |access-date= 2012-08-05}}</ref> | {{hs|0}}{{convert|7.4|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|314|g|lb|abbr=on}} | |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| [[Samsung Galaxy Note 3]]<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.samsung.com/global/microsite/galaxynote3+gear/ |title=Samsung GALAXY Note3 |publisher= Samsung.com |access-date= 2013-09-08}}</ref> | {{dts|2013|09}} | {{convert|5.7|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 1920 × 1080 | 388 | Full HD Super AMOLED | [[Android Jelly Bean|4.3]] | 802.11 a/b/g/n/ac | {{yes|GPRS/EDGE, HSPA+, LTE}} | {{yes|4.0+LE}} | {{yes|A-GPS, GLONASS}} | 16, 32, 64 | microSDHC | 8 (GSM) <br /> 4 (LTE) | TBT | {{hs|0}}{{convert|8.3|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|168|g|lb|abbr=on}} | {{bulleted list|S-pen stylus}} |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| [[Samsung Galaxy Tab S 8.4]] | {{dts|2014|07|02}} | {{convert|8.4|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 2560 × 1600 | 359 | Super AMOLED | [[Android KitKat|4.4.2]] → [[Android Lollipop|5.0.2]] → [[Android Marshmallow|6.0.1]]<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.phonemore.com/samsung-galaxy-tab-s-84-4g-sm-t705-16gb/specs/1636 | title=Samsung Galaxy Tab S 8.4 (4G SM-T705 16GB) - Specs }}</ref> in USA and Canada | 802.11 a/b/g/n/ac | {{Yes-No|{{bulleted list|T705: 3G, 4G/LTE|T707V: Verizon CDMA}}}} | {{yes|4.0}} | {{yes|A-GPS, GLONASS}}<ref>http://www.samsung.com/ca/business/business-products/tablets/tablets/SM-T700NTSAXAC</ref> | 16 &ndash; 32 | microSDHC | 3 | 10 | {{hs|0}}{{convert|6.6|mm|in|abbr=on}} | {{convert|294|-|298|g|lb|abbr=on}} | 32-bits only |- ! style="text-align:left;" scope="col"| Samsung Galaxy Tab 4 NOOK<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.barnesandnoble.com/p/samsung-galaxy-tab-4-nook-barnes-noble/1119732448 |title= Samsung Galaxy Tab 4 NOOK |publisher= barnesandnoble.com |access-date= 2014-09-04}}</ref> | {{dts|2014|09}} | {{convert|7|in|cm|abbr=on}} | 1280 × 800 | 216 <references /> 6wqev1upx00561ch2l5qm6une4rqygz 0 71812 878567 874214 2026-07-07T15:06:13Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358459540|Michelle Bello]]" 878567 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michelle Bello''' (an haife ta a matsayin '''Michelle Aisha Bello''' ; 30 ga Satumba 1982) daraktan fina-finai ne [['Yan Najeriya na Burtaniya|na Birtaniya]] kuma furodusa a fina-finai. Ita ce kuma Shugabar Kamfanin Nishaɗi da Buga Littattafai na Blu Star Entertainment Limited da ke Najeriya. An haifi Bello a Landan, Ingila. [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1982]] f64dmyeizp3ib2vqhnfdkbj94q110ub 878568 878567 2026-07-07T15:06:46Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358459540|Michelle Bello]]" 878568 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michelle Bello''' (an haife ta a matsayin '''Michelle Aisha Bello''' ; 30 ga Satumba 1982) daraktan fina-finai ne [['Yan Najeriya na Burtaniya|na Birtaniya]] kuma furodusa a fina-finai. Ita ce kuma Shugabar Kamfanin Nishaɗi da Buga Littattafai na Blu Star Entertainment Limited da ke Najeriya. An haifi Bello a Landan, Ingila. An haifi Bello a watan Satumba na shekarar 1982 ga Abdullahi Dominic da Sylviane Bello. Bello 'yar asalin [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]] ce, Faransa, Baƙar fata da kuma [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Kongo]] . Ta yi shekarunta na farko a Legas, Najeriya, tana karatun renon yara da firamare kuma tana da shekaru takwas, amma ta tafi Ingila inda ta sami takardar shaidar GCSE da A-level . A lokacin da take girma a Ingila ne ta gano sha'awarta ga yin fim kuma ba ta taɓa waiwayawa ba. [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1982]] eij013ff8qqhbbpqykc37zlb366mcbc 878569 878568 2026-07-07T15:06:58Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358459540|Michelle Bello]]" 878569 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michelle Bello''' (an haife ta a matsayin '''Michelle Aisha Bello''' ; 30 ga Satumba 1982) daraktan fina-finai ne [['Yan Najeriya na Burtaniya|na Birtaniya]] kuma furodusa a fina-finai. Ita ce kuma Shugabar Kamfanin Nishaɗi da Buga Littattafai na Blu Star Entertainment Limited da ke Najeriya. An haifi Bello a Landan, Ingila. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Bello a watan Satumba na shekarar 1982 ga Abdullahi Dominic da Sylviane Bello. Bello 'yar asalin [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]] ce, Faransa, Baƙar fata da kuma [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Kongo]] . Ta yi shekarunta na farko a Legas, Najeriya, tana karatun renon yara da firamare kuma tana da shekaru takwas, amma ta tafi Ingila inda ta sami takardar shaidar GCSE da A-level . A lokacin da take girma a Ingila ne ta gano sha'awarta ga yin fim kuma ba ta taɓa waiwayawa ba. [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1982]] sz635f1ou6944u61fyp9lo73o7g6a9v 878570 878569 2026-07-07T15:07:09Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358459540|Michelle Bello]]" 878570 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michelle Bello''' (an haife ta a matsayin '''Michelle Aisha Bello''' ; 30 ga Satumba 1982) daraktan fina-finai ne [['Yan Najeriya na Burtaniya|na Birtaniya]] kuma furodusa a fina-finai. Ita ce kuma Shugabar Kamfanin Nishaɗi da Buga Littattafai na Blu Star Entertainment Limited da ke Najeriya. An haifi Bello a Landan, Ingila. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Bello a watan Satumba na shekarar 1982 ga Abdullahi Dominic da Sylviane Bello. Bello 'yar asalin [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]] ce, Faransa, Baƙar fata da kuma [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Kongo]] . Ta yi shekarunta na farko a Legas, Najeriya, tana karatun renon yara da firamare kuma tana da shekaru takwas, amma ta tafi Ingila inda ta sami takardar shaidar GCSE da A-level . A lokacin da take girma a Ingila ne ta gano sha'awarta ga yin fim kuma ba ta taɓa waiwayawa ba. == Sana'a == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1982]] 10dse4yyr0azt58suz6zpxf6qwomyst 878571 878570 2026-07-07T15:07:35Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358459540|Michelle Bello]]" 878571 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michelle Bello''' (an haife ta a matsayin '''Michelle Aisha Bello''' ; 30 ga Satumba 1982) daraktan fina-finai ne [['Yan Najeriya na Burtaniya|na Birtaniya]] kuma furodusa a fina-finai. Ita ce kuma Shugabar Kamfanin Nishaɗi da Buga Littattafai na Blu Star Entertainment Limited da ke Najeriya. An haifi Bello a Landan, Ingila. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Bello a watan Satumba na shekarar 1982 ga Abdullahi Dominic da Sylviane Bello. Bello 'yar asalin [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]] ce, Faransa, Baƙar fata da kuma [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Kongo]] . Ta yi shekarunta na farko a Legas, Najeriya, tana karatun renon yara da firamare kuma tana da shekaru takwas, amma ta tafi Ingila inda ta sami takardar shaidar GCSE da A-level . A lokacin da take girma a Ingila ne ta gano sha'awarta ga yin fim kuma ba ta taɓa waiwayawa ba. == Sana'a == Bello ta ƙaura zuwa Amurka a shekara ta 2001 don yin karatun sadarwa (ƙwararre a fannin Kafafen Yaɗa Labarai) a Jami'ar Amurka da ke Washington DC. A can, ta yi wasu gajerun fina-finai kuma a lokacin wani shiri na karatu a ƙasashen waje a [[Prag|Prague]], [[Kazech|Jamhuriyar Czech]], Bello ta yi fim ɗinta na farko mai tsawon 16mm mai suna Sheltered. [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1982]] chaxkq3jnr7l6r7sa160ny74wewp39y 878572 878571 2026-07-07T15:07:50Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358459540|Michelle Bello]]" 878572 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michelle Bello''' (an haife ta a matsayin '''Michelle Aisha Bello''' ; 30 ga Satumba 1982) daraktan fina-finai ne [['Yan Najeriya na Burtaniya|na Birtaniya]] kuma furodusa a fina-finai. Ita ce kuma Shugabar Kamfanin Nishaɗi da Buga Littattafai na Blu Star Entertainment Limited da ke Najeriya. An haifi Bello a Landan, Ingila. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Bello a watan Satumba na shekarar 1982 ga Abdullahi Dominic da Sylviane Bello. Bello 'yar asalin [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]] ce, Faransa, Baƙar fata da kuma [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Kongo]] . Ta yi shekarunta na farko a Legas, Najeriya, tana karatun renon yara da firamare kuma tana da shekaru takwas, amma ta tafi Ingila inda ta sami takardar shaidar GCSE da A-level . A lokacin da take girma a Ingila ne ta gano sha'awarta ga yin fim kuma ba ta taɓa waiwayawa ba. == Sana'a == Bello ta ƙaura zuwa Amurka a shekara ta 2001 don yin karatun sadarwa (ƙwararre a fannin Kafafen Yaɗa Labarai) a Jami'ar Amurka da ke Washington DC. A can, ta yi wasu gajerun fina-finai kuma a lokacin wani shiri na karatu a ƙasashen waje a [[Prag|Prague]], [[Kazech|Jamhuriyar Czech]], Bello ta yi fim ɗinta na farko mai tsawon 16mm mai suna Sheltered. Bayan kammala karatunta daga Jami'ar Amurka a shekarar 2005, ta koma Najeriya don cimma burinta na zama furodusa/darakta a fina-finai. A shekarar 2007, Bello ta yi aiki tare da fitacciyar furodusa a talabijin kuma mai gabatarwa Mo Abudu a matsayin mataimakiyar furodusa a shirinta na talabijin mai suna Moments with Mo. Ba da daɗewa ba, ta shirya bidiyon waƙar Greenland mai lambar yabo ga fitaccen mawaki kuma mai ɗaukar hoto TY Bello. [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1982]] 6xpacgpgx56m252r1c58yaur37otxpw 878573 878572 2026-07-07T15:08:09Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358459540|Michelle Bello]]" 878573 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michelle Bello''' (an haife ta a matsayin '''Michelle Aisha Bello''' ; 30 ga Satumba 1982) daraktan fina-finai ne [['Yan Najeriya na Burtaniya|na Birtaniya]] kuma furodusa a fina-finai. Ita ce kuma Shugabar Kamfanin Nishaɗi da Buga Littattafai na Blu Star Entertainment Limited da ke Najeriya. An haifi Bello a Landan, Ingila. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Bello a watan Satumba na shekarar 1982 ga Abdullahi Dominic da Sylviane Bello. Bello 'yar asalin [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]] ce, Faransa, Baƙar fata da kuma [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Kongo]] . Ta yi shekarunta na farko a Legas, Najeriya, tana karatun renon yara da firamare kuma tana da shekaru takwas, amma ta tafi Ingila inda ta sami takardar shaidar GCSE da A-level . A lokacin da take girma a Ingila ne ta gano sha'awarta ga yin fim kuma ba ta taɓa waiwayawa ba. == Sana'a == Bello ta ƙaura zuwa Amurka a shekara ta 2001 don yin karatun sadarwa (ƙwararre a fannin Kafafen Yaɗa Labarai) a Jami'ar Amurka da ke Washington DC. A can, ta yi wasu gajerun fina-finai kuma a lokacin wani shiri na karatu a ƙasashen waje a [[Prag|Prague]], [[Kazech|Jamhuriyar Czech]], Bello ta yi fim ɗinta na farko mai tsawon 16mm mai suna Sheltered. Bayan kammala karatunta daga Jami'ar Amurka a shekarar 2005, ta koma Najeriya don cimma burinta na zama furodusa/darakta a fina-finai. A shekarar 2007, Bello ta yi aiki tare da fitacciyar furodusa a talabijin kuma mai gabatarwa Mo Abudu a matsayin mataimakiyar furodusa a shirinta na talabijin mai suna Moments with Mo. Ba da daɗewa ba, ta shirya bidiyon waƙar Greenland mai lambar yabo ga fitaccen mawaki kuma mai ɗaukar hoto TY Bello. Michelle ta shirya kuma ta ba da umarni a fim ɗinta na farko mai suna Small Boy <ref>[http://www.supplementmagazine.org/michelle-bellos-small-boy-html Small Boy] {{Dead link|date=April 2020|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> a ƙarshen 2007. Fim ɗin ya yi nasara nan take a Amurka domin daga cikin fina-finai 400, an zaɓe shi don kyaututtuka biyu a bikin fina-finan baƙar fata na Amurka da aka yi a Los Angeles a shekara mai zuwa. An zaɓi waɗanda aka zaɓa su ne kyautar Heineken Red Star Award don 'Innovation in Film' da kuma kyautar Target Filmmaker Award don 'Most Inspirational Film'. A gida, Small Boy ya ci gaba da lashe [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|kyautar African Movie Academy Award]] biyu don 'Best Art Direction' da 'Best Young Child Actor' a watan Afrilun 2009. An fara nuna fim ɗin a Legas, Najeriya a watan Mayun 2010. tare da taurarin Nollywood da masu sana'a a masana'antar. [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1982]] sgpr2k5hea4vjkd8j57y3757e9nxix7 878574 878573 2026-07-07T15:08:39Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358459540|Michelle Bello]]" 878574 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michelle Bello''' (an haife ta a matsayin '''Michelle Aisha Bello''' ; 30 ga Satumba 1982) daraktan fina-finai ne [['Yan Najeriya na Burtaniya|na Birtaniya]] kuma furodusa a fina-finai. Ita ce kuma Shugabar Kamfanin Nishaɗi da Buga Littattafai na Blu Star Entertainment Limited da ke Najeriya. An haifi Bello a Landan, Ingila. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Bello a watan Satumba na shekarar 1982 ga Abdullahi Dominic da Sylviane Bello. Bello 'yar asalin [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]] ce, Faransa, Baƙar fata da kuma [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Kongo]] . Ta yi shekarunta na farko a Legas, Najeriya, tana karatun renon yara da firamare kuma tana da shekaru takwas, amma ta tafi Ingila inda ta sami takardar shaidar GCSE da A-level . A lokacin da take girma a Ingila ne ta gano sha'awarta ga yin fim kuma ba ta taɓa waiwayawa ba. == Sana'a == Bello ta ƙaura zuwa Amurka a shekara ta 2001 don yin karatun sadarwa (ƙwararre a fannin Kafafen Yaɗa Labarai) a Jami'ar Amurka da ke Washington DC. A can, ta yi wasu gajerun fina-finai kuma a lokacin wani shiri na karatu a ƙasashen waje a [[Prag|Prague]], [[Kazech|Jamhuriyar Czech]], Bello ta yi fim ɗinta na farko mai tsawon 16mm mai suna Sheltered. Bayan kammala karatunta daga Jami'ar Amurka a shekarar 2005, ta koma Najeriya don cimma burinta na zama furodusa/darakta a fina-finai. A shekarar 2007, Bello ta yi aiki tare da fitacciyar furodusa a talabijin kuma mai gabatarwa Mo Abudu a matsayin mataimakiyar furodusa a shirinta na talabijin mai suna Moments with Mo. Ba da daɗewa ba, ta shirya bidiyon waƙar Greenland mai lambar yabo ga fitaccen mawaki kuma mai ɗaukar hoto TY Bello. Michelle ta shirya kuma ta ba da umarni a fim ɗinta na farko mai suna Small Boy <ref>[http://www.supplementmagazine.org/michelle-bellos-small-boy-html Small Boy] {{Dead link|date=April 2020|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> a ƙarshen 2007. Fim ɗin ya yi nasara nan take a Amurka domin daga cikin fina-finai 400, an zaɓe shi don kyaututtuka biyu a bikin fina-finan baƙar fata na Amurka da aka yi a Los Angeles a shekara mai zuwa. An zaɓi waɗanda aka zaɓa su ne kyautar Heineken Red Star Award don 'Innovation in Film' da kuma kyautar Target Filmmaker Award don 'Most Inspirational Film'. A gida, Small Boy ya ci gaba da lashe [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|kyautar African Movie Academy Award]] biyu don 'Best Art Direction' da 'Best Young Child Actor' a watan Afrilun 2009. An fara nuna fim ɗin a Legas, Najeriya a watan Mayun 2010. tare da taurarin Nollywood da masu sana'a a masana'antar. Bayan kammala karatunta a watan Disamba na 2011, Bello ta koma gida don shiga masana'antar da ke bunƙasa da aka sani da [[Nollywood]] . Iliminta, tare da gogewarta a masana'antar a gida da kuma ƙasashen waje, ya sa Bello ta kasance mai iya shiryawa da kuma ba da umarni fim ɗinta na biyu mai suna [[Flower Girl (fim)|Flower Girl]], wanda aka fitar a watan Fabrairun 2013 don yin bita mai daɗi. Fim ɗin ya kai matsayi na ɗaya a sinima a faɗin Najeriya kuma daga baya aka sake shi a Ghana kuma ya sami irin wannan martanin. Watanni da yawa bayan haka, an fara nuna Flower Girl a Amurka a bikin fina-finan Hollywood Black Film Festival da aka yi a Los Angeles a watan Oktoban 2013. A ranar 4 ga Oktoba, an buɗe kasuwar fina-finan Burtaniya a cikin manyan gidajen sinima guda uku, ciki har da sinima Odeon, Vue da Cineworld. Michelle ita ce darakta mace ta farko 'yar Najeriya da ta fito a fim a Burtaniya. [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1982]] 73kk2vkam47615bfep0u7r64syqcakk 878575 878574 2026-07-07T15:08:53Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358459540|Michelle Bello]]" 878575 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michelle Bello''' (an haife ta a matsayin '''Michelle Aisha Bello''' ; 30 ga Satumba 1982) daraktan fina-finai ne [['Yan Najeriya na Burtaniya|na Birtaniya]] kuma furodusa a fina-finai. Ita ce kuma Shugabar Kamfanin Nishaɗi da Buga Littattafai na Blu Star Entertainment Limited da ke Najeriya. An haifi Bello a Landan, Ingila. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Bello a watan Satumba na shekarar 1982 ga Abdullahi Dominic da Sylviane Bello. Bello 'yar asalin [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]] ce, Faransa, Baƙar fata da kuma [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Kongo]] . Ta yi shekarunta na farko a Legas, Najeriya, tana karatun renon yara da firamare kuma tana da shekaru takwas, amma ta tafi Ingila inda ta sami takardar shaidar GCSE da A-level . A lokacin da take girma a Ingila ne ta gano sha'awarta ga yin fim kuma ba ta taɓa waiwayawa ba. == Sana'a == Bello ta ƙaura zuwa Amurka a shekara ta 2001 don yin karatun sadarwa (ƙwararre a fannin Kafafen Yaɗa Labarai) a Jami'ar Amurka da ke Washington DC. A can, ta yi wasu gajerun fina-finai kuma a lokacin wani shiri na karatu a ƙasashen waje a [[Prag|Prague]], [[Kazech|Jamhuriyar Czech]], Bello ta yi fim ɗinta na farko mai tsawon 16mm mai suna Sheltered. Bayan kammala karatunta daga Jami'ar Amurka a shekarar 2005, ta koma Najeriya don cimma burinta na zama furodusa/darakta a fina-finai. A shekarar 2007, Bello ta yi aiki tare da fitacciyar furodusa a talabijin kuma mai gabatarwa Mo Abudu a matsayin mataimakiyar furodusa a shirinta na talabijin mai suna Moments with Mo. Ba da daɗewa ba, ta shirya bidiyon waƙar Greenland mai lambar yabo ga fitaccen mawaki kuma mai ɗaukar hoto TY Bello. Michelle ta shirya kuma ta ba da umarni a fim ɗinta na farko mai suna Small Boy <ref>[http://www.supplementmagazine.org/michelle-bellos-small-boy-html Small Boy] {{Dead link|date=April 2020|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> a ƙarshen 2007. Fim ɗin ya yi nasara nan take a Amurka domin daga cikin fina-finai 400, an zaɓe shi don kyaututtuka biyu a bikin fina-finan baƙar fata na Amurka da aka yi a Los Angeles a shekara mai zuwa. An zaɓi waɗanda aka zaɓa su ne kyautar Heineken Red Star Award don 'Innovation in Film' da kuma kyautar Target Filmmaker Award don 'Most Inspirational Film'. A gida, Small Boy ya ci gaba da lashe [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|kyautar African Movie Academy Award]] biyu don 'Best Art Direction' da 'Best Young Child Actor' a watan Afrilun 2009. An fara nuna fim ɗin a Legas, Najeriya a watan Mayun 2010. tare da taurarin Nollywood da masu sana'a a masana'antar. Bayan haka, Bello ta koma Amurka ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin Sadarwa, wacce ta ƙware a fannin Darakta a Fina-finai, a Jami'ar Regent da ke Virginia. Ta yi amfani da damar wajen haɓaka sana'arta kuma ta yi gajerun fina-finai da dama. A lokacin da take Jami'ar Regent, an zaɓi Bello don yin aikin horo tare da Hukumar Ba da Shawara ta ICM a bikin Fina-finai na Cannes na 2011. Ta kuma halarci bikin fina-finai na Sundance a wannan shekarar a matsayin wani ɓangare na shirin aji da jami'ar ta shirya kuma ta haɗu da wasu fitattun masu shirya fina-finai a lokacin zamanta. Bayan kammala karatunta a watan Disamba na 2011, Bello ta koma gida don shiga masana'antar da ke bunƙasa da aka sani da [[Nollywood]] . Iliminta, tare da gogewarta a masana'antar a gida da kuma ƙasashen waje, ya sa Bello ta kasance mai iya shiryawa da kuma ba da umarni fim ɗinta na biyu mai suna [[Flower Girl (fim)|Flower Girl]], wanda aka fitar a watan Fabrairun 2013 don yin bita mai daɗi. Fim ɗin ya kai matsayi na ɗaya a sinima a faɗin Najeriya kuma daga baya aka sake shi a Ghana kuma ya sami irin wannan martanin. Watanni da yawa bayan haka, an fara nuna Flower Girl a Amurka a bikin fina-finan Hollywood Black Film Festival da aka yi a Los Angeles a watan Oktoban 2013. A ranar 4 ga Oktoba, an buɗe kasuwar fina-finan Burtaniya a cikin manyan gidajen sinima guda uku, ciki har da sinima Odeon, Vue da Cineworld. Michelle ita ce darakta mace ta farko 'yar Najeriya da ta fito a fim a Burtaniya. [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1982]] b7fn37f8e7iwdsxvrg88m072pb8iose 878576 878575 2026-07-07T15:09:23Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358459540|Michelle Bello]]" 878576 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michelle Bello''' (an haife ta a matsayin '''Michelle Aisha Bello''' ; 30 ga Satumba 1982) daraktan fina-finai ne [['Yan Najeriya na Burtaniya|na Birtaniya]] kuma furodusa a fina-finai. Ita ce kuma Shugabar Kamfanin Nishaɗi da Buga Littattafai na Blu Star Entertainment Limited da ke Najeriya. An haifi Bello a Landan, Ingila. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Bello a watan Satumba na shekarar 1982 ga Abdullahi Dominic da Sylviane Bello. Bello 'yar asalin [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]] ce, Faransa, Baƙar fata da kuma [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Kongo]] . Ta yi shekarunta na farko a Legas, Najeriya, tana karatun renon yara da firamare kuma tana da shekaru takwas, amma ta tafi Ingila inda ta sami takardar shaidar GCSE da A-level . A lokacin da take girma a Ingila ne ta gano sha'awarta ga yin fim kuma ba ta taɓa waiwayawa ba. == Sana'a == Bello ta ƙaura zuwa Amurka a shekara ta 2001 don yin karatun sadarwa (ƙwararre a fannin Kafafen Yaɗa Labarai) a Jami'ar Amurka da ke Washington DC. A can, ta yi wasu gajerun fina-finai kuma a lokacin wani shiri na karatu a ƙasashen waje a [[Prag|Prague]], [[Kazech|Jamhuriyar Czech]], Bello ta yi fim ɗinta na farko mai tsawon 16mm mai suna Sheltered. Bayan kammala karatunta daga Jami'ar Amurka a shekarar 2005, ta koma Najeriya don cimma burinta na zama furodusa/darakta a fina-finai. A shekarar 2007, Bello ta yi aiki tare da fitacciyar furodusa a talabijin kuma mai gabatarwa Mo Abudu a matsayin mataimakiyar furodusa a shirinta na talabijin mai suna Moments with Mo. Ba da daɗewa ba, ta shirya bidiyon waƙar Greenland mai lambar yabo ga fitaccen mawaki kuma mai ɗaukar hoto TY Bello. Michelle ta shirya kuma ta ba da umarni a fim ɗinta na farko mai suna Small Boy <ref>[http://www.supplementmagazine.org/michelle-bellos-small-boy-html Small Boy] {{Dead link|date=April 2020|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> a ƙarshen 2007. Fim ɗin ya yi nasara nan take a Amurka domin daga cikin fina-finai 400, an zaɓe shi don kyaututtuka biyu a bikin fina-finan baƙar fata na Amurka da aka yi a Los Angeles a shekara mai zuwa. An zaɓi waɗanda aka zaɓa su ne kyautar Heineken Red Star Award don 'Innovation in Film' da kuma kyautar Target Filmmaker Award don 'Most Inspirational Film'. A gida, Small Boy ya ci gaba da lashe [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|kyautar African Movie Academy Award]] biyu don 'Best Art Direction' da 'Best Young Child Actor' a watan Afrilun 2009. An fara nuna fim ɗin a Legas, Najeriya a watan Mayun 2010. tare da taurarin Nollywood da masu sana'a a masana'antar. Bayan haka, Bello ta koma Amurka ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin Sadarwa, wacce ta ƙware a fannin Darakta a Fina-finai, a Jami'ar Regent da ke Virginia. Ta yi amfani da damar wajen haɓaka sana'arta kuma ta yi gajerun fina-finai da dama. A lokacin da take Jami'ar Regent, an zaɓi Bello don yin aikin horo tare da Hukumar Ba da Shawara ta ICM a bikin Fina-finai na Cannes na 2011. Ta kuma halarci bikin fina-finai na Sundance a wannan shekarar a matsayin wani ɓangare na shirin aji da jami'ar ta shirya kuma ta haɗu da wasu fitattun masu shirya fina-finai a lokacin zamanta. Bayan kammala karatunta a watan Disamba na 2011, Bello ta koma gida don shiga masana'antar da ke bunƙasa da aka sani da [[Nollywood]] . Iliminta, tare da gogewarta a masana'antar a gida da kuma ƙasashen waje, ya sa Bello ta kasance mai iya shiryawa da kuma ba da umarni fim ɗinta na biyu mai suna [[Flower Girl (fim)|Flower Girl]], wanda aka fitar a watan Fabrairun 2013 don yin bita mai daɗi. Fim ɗin ya kai matsayi na ɗaya a sinima a faɗin Najeriya kuma daga baya aka sake shi a Ghana kuma ya sami irin wannan martanin. Watanni da yawa bayan haka, an fara nuna Flower Girl a Amurka a bikin fina-finan Hollywood Black Film Festival da aka yi a Los Angeles a watan Oktoban 2013. A ranar 4 ga Oktoba, an buɗe kasuwar fina-finan Burtaniya a cikin manyan gidajen sinima guda uku, ciki har da sinima Odeon, Vue da Cineworld. Michelle ita ce darakta mace ta farko 'yar Najeriya da ta fito a fim a Burtaniya. Daga baya Flower Girl ta lashe kyautar 'Mafi Kyawun Fim na Afirka' a Burtaniya a bikin fina-finai na Black International a farkon watan Nuwamba na 2013. Fim ɗin ya sake ketare Atlantic don a nuna shi a bikin fina-finai na Toronto Black Film a watan Fabrairu na 2014. Aberdeen, Scotland, ita ce tasha ta gaba don fim ɗin kuma an sake shi a sinima a watan Fabrairu. Ya ci gaba da lashe kyautar Screen Nation Film & Television Award ta 2014 a Burtaniya don 'Favourite New Nollywood Film' a wannan watan. Fim ɗin ya kuma sami kyaututtuka na 'Mafi Kyawun Haske' a bikin fina-finai na Africa Movie Academy Awards na 2013, da kuma 'Mafi Kyawun Fim' a bikin fina-finai na Africa International Film Festival na 2013. [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1982]] rsb8zxijxg9fr41dze63ul5nzhmv7tb 878577 878576 2026-07-07T15:09:57Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358459540|Michelle Bello]]" 878577 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michelle Bello''' (an haife ta a matsayin '''Michelle Aisha Bello''' ; 30 ga Satumba 1982) daraktan fina-finai ne [['Yan Najeriya na Burtaniya|na Birtaniya]] kuma furodusa a fina-finai. Ita ce kuma Shugabar Kamfanin Nishaɗi da Buga Littattafai na Blu Star Entertainment Limited da ke Najeriya. An haifi Bello a Landan, Ingila. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Bello a watan Satumba na shekarar 1982 ga Abdullahi Dominic da Sylviane Bello. Bello 'yar asalin [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]] ce, Faransa, Baƙar fata da kuma [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Kongo]] . Ta yi shekarunta na farko a Legas, Najeriya, tana karatun renon yara da firamare kuma tana da shekaru takwas, amma ta tafi Ingila inda ta sami takardar shaidar GCSE da A-level . A lokacin da take girma a Ingila ne ta gano sha'awarta ga yin fim kuma ba ta taɓa waiwayawa ba. == Sana'a == Bello ta ƙaura zuwa Amurka a shekara ta 2001 don yin karatun sadarwa (ƙwararre a fannin Kafafen Yaɗa Labarai) a Jami'ar Amurka da ke Washington DC. A can, ta yi wasu gajerun fina-finai kuma a lokacin wani shiri na karatu a ƙasashen waje a [[Prag|Prague]], [[Kazech|Jamhuriyar Czech]], Bello ta yi fim ɗinta na farko mai tsawon 16mm mai suna Sheltered. Bayan kammala karatunta daga Jami'ar Amurka a shekarar 2005, ta koma Najeriya don cimma burinta na zama furodusa/darakta a fina-finai. A shekarar 2007, Bello ta yi aiki tare da fitacciyar furodusa a talabijin kuma mai gabatarwa Mo Abudu a matsayin mataimakiyar furodusa a shirinta na talabijin mai suna Moments with Mo. Ba da daɗewa ba, ta shirya bidiyon waƙar Greenland mai lambar yabo ga fitaccen mawaki kuma mai ɗaukar hoto TY Bello. Michelle ta shirya kuma ta ba da umarni a fim ɗinta na farko mai suna Small Boy <ref>[http://www.supplementmagazine.org/michelle-bellos-small-boy-html Small Boy] {{Dead link|date=April 2020|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> a ƙarshen 2007. Fim ɗin ya yi nasara nan take a Amurka domin daga cikin fina-finai 400, an zaɓe shi don kyaututtuka biyu a bikin fina-finan baƙar fata na Amurka da aka yi a Los Angeles a shekara mai zuwa. An zaɓi waɗanda aka zaɓa su ne kyautar Heineken Red Star Award don 'Innovation in Film' da kuma kyautar Target Filmmaker Award don 'Most Inspirational Film'. A gida, Small Boy ya ci gaba da lashe [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|kyautar African Movie Academy Award]] biyu don 'Best Art Direction' da 'Best Young Child Actor' a watan Afrilun 2009. An fara nuna fim ɗin a Legas, Najeriya a watan Mayun 2010. tare da taurarin Nollywood da masu sana'a a masana'antar. Bayan haka, Bello ta koma Amurka ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin Sadarwa, wacce ta ƙware a fannin Darakta a Fina-finai, a Jami'ar Regent da ke Virginia. Ta yi amfani da damar wajen haɓaka sana'arta kuma ta yi gajerun fina-finai da dama. A lokacin da take Jami'ar Regent, an zaɓi Bello don yin aikin horo tare da Hukumar Ba da Shawara ta ICM a bikin Fina-finai na Cannes na 2011. Ta kuma halarci bikin fina-finai na Sundance a wannan shekarar a matsayin wani ɓangare na shirin aji da jami'ar ta shirya kuma ta haɗu da wasu fitattun masu shirya fina-finai a lokacin zamanta. Bayan kammala karatunta a watan Disamba na 2011, Bello ta koma gida don shiga masana'antar da ke bunƙasa da aka sani da [[Nollywood]] . Iliminta, tare da gogewarta a masana'antar a gida da kuma ƙasashen waje, ya sa Bello ta kasance mai iya shiryawa da kuma ba da umarni fim ɗinta na biyu mai suna [[Flower Girl (fim)|Flower Girl]], wanda aka fitar a watan Fabrairun 2013 don yin bita mai daɗi. Fim ɗin ya kai matsayi na ɗaya a sinima a faɗin Najeriya kuma daga baya aka sake shi a Ghana kuma ya sami irin wannan martanin. Watanni da yawa bayan haka, an fara nuna Flower Girl a Amurka a bikin fina-finan Hollywood Black Film Festival da aka yi a Los Angeles a watan Oktoban 2013. A ranar 4 ga Oktoba, an buɗe kasuwar fina-finan Burtaniya a cikin manyan gidajen sinima guda uku, ciki har da sinima Odeon, Vue da Cineworld. Michelle ita ce darakta mace ta farko 'yar Najeriya da ta fito a fim a Burtaniya. Daga baya Flower Girl ta lashe kyautar 'Mafi Kyawun Fim na Afirka' a Burtaniya a bikin fina-finai na Black International a farkon watan Nuwamba na 2013. Fim ɗin ya sake ketare Atlantic don a nuna shi a bikin fina-finai na Toronto Black Film a watan Fabrairu na 2014. Aberdeen, Scotland, ita ce tasha ta gaba don fim ɗin kuma an sake shi a sinima a watan Fabrairu. Ya ci gaba da lashe kyautar Screen Nation Film & Television Award ta 2014 a Burtaniya don 'Favourite New Nollywood Film' a wannan watan. Fim ɗin ya kuma sami kyaututtuka na 'Mafi Kyawun Haske' a bikin fina-finai na Africa Movie Academy Awards na 2013, da kuma 'Mafi Kyawun Fim' a bikin fina-finai na Africa International Film Festival na 2013. An ba Michelle kyautar Trailblazer mai daraja da kuma sha'awar gaske a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na Africa Magic Viewer's Choice Awards na 2014 da aka yi kwanan nan a Legas, Najeriya. Alkalan da suka kaɗa ƙuri'a sun bayyana cewa an ba ta kyautar "saboda jajircewarta da kuma baiwarta da ta nuna, da kuma iyawarta ta amfani da fasahar zamani wajen shirya fina-finai a Afirka". Wannan kyautar ta zo ne da sabuwar motar wasanni ta Hyundai. An zaɓi Flower Girl a matsayin wacce ta lashe kyaututtukan AMVCA guda huɗu, ciki har da Mafi Kyawun Fim da Mafi Kyawun Jarumi Mai Tallafi, sannan ta lashe kyaututtukan Mafi Kyawun Marubuci a cikin Barkwanci da Mafi Kyawun Jaruma Mai Tallafi. Michelle a halin yanzu tana haɓaka fim ɗinta na uku mai ban sha'awa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Michelle Bello's Romantic Movie "Flower Girl" starring Damilola Adegbite, Chris Attoh & Eku Edewor to premiere this Valentine's Day! View the Official Trailer & Poster {{!}} BellaNaija |url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2013/01/22/michelle-bellos-romantic-movie-flower-girl-starring-damilola-adegbite-chris-attoh-eku-edewor-to-premiere-this-valentines-day-view-the-official-trailer-poster/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Linda Ikeji |date=6 November 2012 |title=Welcome to Linda Ikeji's Blog: Flower Girl: Introducing Nigeria's Newest Romantic Comedy |url=http://lindaikeji.blogspot.com/2012/11/flower-girl-introducing-nigerias-newest.html |access-date=24 September 2013 |publisher=Lindaikeji.blogspot.com}}</ref> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="The material near this tag may rely on an unreliable source. (September 2013)">tushen da ba shi da tabbas?</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1982]] tlrw62xlphmvkw9galqon3xry2oi9kq 878578 878577 2026-07-07T15:10:15Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358459540|Michelle Bello]]" 878578 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michelle Bello''' (an haife ta a matsayin '''Michelle Aisha Bello''' ; 30 ga Satumba 1982) daraktan fina-finai ne [['Yan Najeriya na Burtaniya|na Birtaniya]] kuma furodusa a fina-finai. Ita ce kuma Shugabar Kamfanin Nishaɗi da Buga Littattafai na Blu Star Entertainment Limited da ke Najeriya. An haifi Bello a Landan, Ingila. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Bello a watan Satumba na shekarar 1982 ga Abdullahi Dominic da Sylviane Bello. Bello 'yar asalin [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]] ce, Faransa, Baƙar fata da kuma [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Kongo]] . Ta yi shekarunta na farko a Legas, Najeriya, tana karatun renon yara da firamare kuma tana da shekaru takwas, amma ta tafi Ingila inda ta sami takardar shaidar GCSE da A-level . A lokacin da take girma a Ingila ne ta gano sha'awarta ga yin fim kuma ba ta taɓa waiwayawa ba. == Sana'a == Bello ta ƙaura zuwa Amurka a shekara ta 2001 don yin karatun sadarwa (ƙwararre a fannin Kafafen Yaɗa Labarai) a Jami'ar Amurka da ke Washington DC. A can, ta yi wasu gajerun fina-finai kuma a lokacin wani shiri na karatu a ƙasashen waje a [[Prag|Prague]], [[Kazech|Jamhuriyar Czech]], Bello ta yi fim ɗinta na farko mai tsawon 16mm mai suna Sheltered. Bayan kammala karatunta daga Jami'ar Amurka a shekarar 2005, ta koma Najeriya don cimma burinta na zama furodusa/darakta a fina-finai. A shekarar 2007, Bello ta yi aiki tare da fitacciyar furodusa a talabijin kuma mai gabatarwa Mo Abudu a matsayin mataimakiyar furodusa a shirinta na talabijin mai suna Moments with Mo. Ba da daɗewa ba, ta shirya bidiyon waƙar Greenland mai lambar yabo ga fitaccen mawaki kuma mai ɗaukar hoto TY Bello. Michelle ta shirya kuma ta ba da umarni a fim ɗinta na farko mai suna Small Boy <ref>[http://www.supplementmagazine.org/michelle-bellos-small-boy-html Small Boy] {{Dead link|date=April 2020|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> a ƙarshen 2007. Fim ɗin ya yi nasara nan take a Amurka domin daga cikin fina-finai 400, an zaɓe shi don kyaututtuka biyu a bikin fina-finan baƙar fata na Amurka da aka yi a Los Angeles a shekara mai zuwa. An zaɓi waɗanda aka zaɓa su ne kyautar Heineken Red Star Award don 'Innovation in Film' da kuma kyautar Target Filmmaker Award don 'Most Inspirational Film'. A gida, Small Boy ya ci gaba da lashe [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|kyautar African Movie Academy Award]] biyu don 'Best Art Direction' da 'Best Young Child Actor' a watan Afrilun 2009. An fara nuna fim ɗin a Legas, Najeriya a watan Mayun 2010. tare da taurarin Nollywood da masu sana'a a masana'antar. Bayan haka, Bello ta koma Amurka ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin Sadarwa, wacce ta ƙware a fannin Darakta a Fina-finai, a Jami'ar Regent da ke Virginia. Ta yi amfani da damar wajen haɓaka sana'arta kuma ta yi gajerun fina-finai da dama. A lokacin da take Jami'ar Regent, an zaɓi Bello don yin aikin horo tare da Hukumar Ba da Shawara ta ICM a bikin Fina-finai na Cannes na 2011. Ta kuma halarci bikin fina-finai na Sundance a wannan shekarar a matsayin wani ɓangare na shirin aji da jami'ar ta shirya kuma ta haɗu da wasu fitattun masu shirya fina-finai a lokacin zamanta. Bayan kammala karatunta a watan Disamba na 2011, Bello ta koma gida don shiga masana'antar da ke bunƙasa da aka sani da [[Nollywood]] . Iliminta, tare da gogewarta a masana'antar a gida da kuma ƙasashen waje, ya sa Bello ta kasance mai iya shiryawa da kuma ba da umarni fim ɗinta na biyu mai suna [[Flower Girl (fim)|Flower Girl]], wanda aka fitar a watan Fabrairun 2013 don yin bita mai daɗi. Fim ɗin ya kai matsayi na ɗaya a sinima a faɗin Najeriya kuma daga baya aka sake shi a Ghana kuma ya sami irin wannan martanin. Watanni da yawa bayan haka, an fara nuna Flower Girl a Amurka a bikin fina-finan Hollywood Black Film Festival da aka yi a Los Angeles a watan Oktoban 2013. A ranar 4 ga Oktoba, an buɗe kasuwar fina-finan Burtaniya a cikin manyan gidajen sinima guda uku, ciki har da sinima Odeon, Vue da Cineworld. Michelle ita ce darakta mace ta farko 'yar Najeriya da ta fito a fim a Burtaniya. Daga baya Flower Girl ta lashe kyautar 'Mafi Kyawun Fim na Afirka' a Burtaniya a bikin fina-finai na Black International a farkon watan Nuwamba na 2013. Fim ɗin ya sake ketare Atlantic don a nuna shi a bikin fina-finai na Toronto Black Film a watan Fabrairu na 2014. Aberdeen, Scotland, ita ce tasha ta gaba don fim ɗin kuma an sake shi a sinima a watan Fabrairu. Ya ci gaba da lashe kyautar Screen Nation Film & Television Award ta 2014 a Burtaniya don 'Favourite New Nollywood Film' a wannan watan. Fim ɗin ya kuma sami kyaututtuka na 'Mafi Kyawun Haske' a bikin fina-finai na Africa Movie Academy Awards na 2013, da kuma 'Mafi Kyawun Fim' a bikin fina-finai na Africa International Film Festival na 2013. An ba Michelle kyautar Trailblazer mai daraja da kuma sha'awar gaske a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na Africa Magic Viewer's Choice Awards na 2014 da aka yi kwanan nan a Legas, Najeriya. Alkalan da suka kaɗa ƙuri'a sun bayyana cewa an ba ta kyautar "saboda jajircewarta da kuma baiwarta da ta nuna, da kuma iyawarta ta amfani da fasahar zamani wajen shirya fina-finai a Afirka". Wannan kyautar ta zo ne da sabuwar motar wasanni ta Hyundai. An zaɓi Flower Girl a matsayin wacce ta lashe kyaututtukan AMVCA guda huɗu, ciki har da Mafi Kyawun Fim da Mafi Kyawun Jarumi Mai Tallafi, sannan ta lashe kyaututtukan Mafi Kyawun Marubuci a cikin Barkwanci da Mafi Kyawun Jaruma Mai Tallafi. Michelle a halin yanzu tana haɓaka fim ɗinta na uku mai ban sha'awa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Michelle Bello's Romantic Movie "Flower Girl" starring Damilola Adegbite, Chris Attoh & Eku Edewor to premiere this Valentine's Day! View the Official Trailer & Poster {{!}} BellaNaija |url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2013/01/22/michelle-bellos-romantic-movie-flower-girl-starring-damilola-adegbite-chris-attoh-eku-edewor-to-premiere-this-valentines-day-view-the-official-trailer-poster/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Linda Ikeji |date=6 November 2012 |title=Welcome to Linda Ikeji's Blog: Flower Girl: Introducing Nigeria's Newest Romantic Comedy |url=http://lindaikeji.blogspot.com/2012/11/flower-girl-introducing-nigerias-newest.html |access-date=24 September 2013 |publisher=Lindaikeji.blogspot.com}}</ref> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="The material near this tag may rely on an unreliable source. (September 2013)">tushen da ba shi da tabbas?</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> === Sauran aiki === [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1982]] ih3barvtygeolt2hfrfzlf79g8rotc9 878579 878578 2026-07-07T15:10:48Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358459540|Michelle Bello]]" 878579 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michelle Bello''' (an haife ta a matsayin '''Michelle Aisha Bello''' ; 30 ga Satumba 1982) daraktan fina-finai ne [['Yan Najeriya na Burtaniya|na Birtaniya]] kuma furodusa a fina-finai. Ita ce kuma Shugabar Kamfanin Nishaɗi da Buga Littattafai na Blu Star Entertainment Limited da ke Najeriya. An haifi Bello a Landan, Ingila. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Bello a watan Satumba na shekarar 1982 ga Abdullahi Dominic da Sylviane Bello. Bello 'yar asalin [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]] ce, Faransa, Baƙar fata da kuma [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Kongo]] . Ta yi shekarunta na farko a Legas, Najeriya, tana karatun renon yara da firamare kuma tana da shekaru takwas, amma ta tafi Ingila inda ta sami takardar shaidar GCSE da A-level . A lokacin da take girma a Ingila ne ta gano sha'awarta ga yin fim kuma ba ta taɓa waiwayawa ba. == Sana'a == Bello ta ƙaura zuwa Amurka a shekara ta 2001 don yin karatun sadarwa (ƙwararre a fannin Kafafen Yaɗa Labarai) a Jami'ar Amurka da ke Washington DC. A can, ta yi wasu gajerun fina-finai kuma a lokacin wani shiri na karatu a ƙasashen waje a [[Prag|Prague]], [[Kazech|Jamhuriyar Czech]], Bello ta yi fim ɗinta na farko mai tsawon 16mm mai suna Sheltered. Bayan kammala karatunta daga Jami'ar Amurka a shekarar 2005, ta koma Najeriya don cimma burinta na zama furodusa/darakta a fina-finai. A shekarar 2007, Bello ta yi aiki tare da fitacciyar furodusa a talabijin kuma mai gabatarwa Mo Abudu a matsayin mataimakiyar furodusa a shirinta na talabijin mai suna Moments with Mo. Ba da daɗewa ba, ta shirya bidiyon waƙar Greenland mai lambar yabo ga fitaccen mawaki kuma mai ɗaukar hoto TY Bello. Michelle ta shirya kuma ta ba da umarni a fim ɗinta na farko mai suna Small Boy <ref>[http://www.supplementmagazine.org/michelle-bellos-small-boy-html Small Boy] {{Dead link|date=April 2020|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> a ƙarshen 2007. Fim ɗin ya yi nasara nan take a Amurka domin daga cikin fina-finai 400, an zaɓe shi don kyaututtuka biyu a bikin fina-finan baƙar fata na Amurka da aka yi a Los Angeles a shekara mai zuwa. An zaɓi waɗanda aka zaɓa su ne kyautar Heineken Red Star Award don 'Innovation in Film' da kuma kyautar Target Filmmaker Award don 'Most Inspirational Film'. A gida, Small Boy ya ci gaba da lashe [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|kyautar African Movie Academy Award]] biyu don 'Best Art Direction' da 'Best Young Child Actor' a watan Afrilun 2009. An fara nuna fim ɗin a Legas, Najeriya a watan Mayun 2010. tare da taurarin Nollywood da masu sana'a a masana'antar. Bayan haka, Bello ta koma Amurka ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin Sadarwa, wacce ta ƙware a fannin Darakta a Fina-finai, a Jami'ar Regent da ke Virginia. Ta yi amfani da damar wajen haɓaka sana'arta kuma ta yi gajerun fina-finai da dama. A lokacin da take Jami'ar Regent, an zaɓi Bello don yin aikin horo tare da Hukumar Ba da Shawara ta ICM a bikin Fina-finai na Cannes na 2011. Ta kuma halarci bikin fina-finai na Sundance a wannan shekarar a matsayin wani ɓangare na shirin aji da jami'ar ta shirya kuma ta haɗu da wasu fitattun masu shirya fina-finai a lokacin zamanta. Bayan kammala karatunta a watan Disamba na 2011, Bello ta koma gida don shiga masana'antar da ke bunƙasa da aka sani da [[Nollywood]] . Iliminta, tare da gogewarta a masana'antar a gida da kuma ƙasashen waje, ya sa Bello ta kasance mai iya shiryawa da kuma ba da umarni fim ɗinta na biyu mai suna [[Flower Girl (fim)|Flower Girl]], wanda aka fitar a watan Fabrairun 2013 don yin bita mai daɗi. Fim ɗin ya kai matsayi na ɗaya a sinima a faɗin Najeriya kuma daga baya aka sake shi a Ghana kuma ya sami irin wannan martanin. Watanni da yawa bayan haka, an fara nuna Flower Girl a Amurka a bikin fina-finan Hollywood Black Film Festival da aka yi a Los Angeles a watan Oktoban 2013. A ranar 4 ga Oktoba, an buɗe kasuwar fina-finan Burtaniya a cikin manyan gidajen sinima guda uku, ciki har da sinima Odeon, Vue da Cineworld. Michelle ita ce darakta mace ta farko 'yar Najeriya da ta fito a fim a Burtaniya. Daga baya Flower Girl ta lashe kyautar 'Mafi Kyawun Fim na Afirka' a Burtaniya a bikin fina-finai na Black International a farkon watan Nuwamba na 2013. Fim ɗin ya sake ketare Atlantic don a nuna shi a bikin fina-finai na Toronto Black Film a watan Fabrairu na 2014. Aberdeen, Scotland, ita ce tasha ta gaba don fim ɗin kuma an sake shi a sinima a watan Fabrairu. Ya ci gaba da lashe kyautar Screen Nation Film & Television Award ta 2014 a Burtaniya don 'Favourite New Nollywood Film' a wannan watan. Fim ɗin ya kuma sami kyaututtuka na 'Mafi Kyawun Haske' a bikin fina-finai na Africa Movie Academy Awards na 2013, da kuma 'Mafi Kyawun Fim' a bikin fina-finai na Africa International Film Festival na 2013. An ba Michelle kyautar Trailblazer mai daraja da kuma sha'awar gaske a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na Africa Magic Viewer's Choice Awards na 2014 da aka yi kwanan nan a Legas, Najeriya. Alkalan da suka kaɗa ƙuri'a sun bayyana cewa an ba ta kyautar "saboda jajircewarta da kuma baiwarta da ta nuna, da kuma iyawarta ta amfani da fasahar zamani wajen shirya fina-finai a Afirka". Wannan kyautar ta zo ne da sabuwar motar wasanni ta Hyundai. An zaɓi Flower Girl a matsayin wacce ta lashe kyaututtukan AMVCA guda huɗu, ciki har da Mafi Kyawun Fim da Mafi Kyawun Jarumi Mai Tallafi, sannan ta lashe kyaututtukan Mafi Kyawun Marubuci a cikin Barkwanci da Mafi Kyawun Jaruma Mai Tallafi. Michelle a halin yanzu tana haɓaka fim ɗinta na uku mai ban sha'awa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Michelle Bello's Romantic Movie "Flower Girl" starring Damilola Adegbite, Chris Attoh & Eku Edewor to premiere this Valentine's Day! View the Official Trailer & Poster {{!}} BellaNaija |url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2013/01/22/michelle-bellos-romantic-movie-flower-girl-starring-damilola-adegbite-chris-attoh-eku-edewor-to-premiere-this-valentines-day-view-the-official-trailer-poster/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Linda Ikeji |date=6 November 2012 |title=Welcome to Linda Ikeji's Blog: Flower Girl: Introducing Nigeria's Newest Romantic Comedy |url=http://lindaikeji.blogspot.com/2012/11/flower-girl-introducing-nigerias-newest.html |access-date=24 September 2013 |publisher=Lindaikeji.blogspot.com}}</ref> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="The material near this tag may rely on an unreliable source. (September 2013)">tushen da ba shi da tabbas?</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> === Sauran aiki === A ƙarƙashin laima ta Blu Star Entertainment Limited, Bello ya buga littafin The Film Directory, wani littafi da ke ɗauke da sunayen masu shirya fina-finai da kamfanoni da dama a Najeriya. An ƙaddamar da bugu na farko a watan Satumba na 2007 a bikin fina-finai na Abuja kuma hukumomin gwamnati sun tallafa masa, ciki har da [https://web.archive.org/web/20130928113453/http://www.nfc.gov.ng/ Hukumar Fina-finai ta Najeriya] da [http://www.nfvcb.gov.ng Hukumar Tace Fina-finai da Bidiyo ta Ƙasa] . [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1982]] 8d0hiuhp26hu43em3yerffvradn0ajc 878580 878579 2026-07-07T15:11:06Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358459540|Michelle Bello]]" 878580 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michelle Bello''' (an haife ta a matsayin '''Michelle Aisha Bello''' ; 30 ga Satumba 1982) daraktan fina-finai ne [['Yan Najeriya na Burtaniya|na Birtaniya]] kuma furodusa a fina-finai. Ita ce kuma Shugabar Kamfanin Nishaɗi da Buga Littattafai na Blu Star Entertainment Limited da ke Najeriya. An haifi Bello a Landan, Ingila. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Bello a watan Satumba na shekarar 1982 ga Abdullahi Dominic da Sylviane Bello. Bello 'yar asalin [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]] ce, Faransa, Baƙar fata da kuma [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Kongo]] . Ta yi shekarunta na farko a Legas, Najeriya, tana karatun renon yara da firamare kuma tana da shekaru takwas, amma ta tafi Ingila inda ta sami takardar shaidar GCSE da A-level . A lokacin da take girma a Ingila ne ta gano sha'awarta ga yin fim kuma ba ta taɓa waiwayawa ba. == Sana'a == Bello ta ƙaura zuwa Amurka a shekara ta 2001 don yin karatun sadarwa (ƙwararre a fannin Kafafen Yaɗa Labarai) a Jami'ar Amurka da ke Washington DC. A can, ta yi wasu gajerun fina-finai kuma a lokacin wani shiri na karatu a ƙasashen waje a [[Prag|Prague]], [[Kazech|Jamhuriyar Czech]], Bello ta yi fim ɗinta na farko mai tsawon 16mm mai suna Sheltered. Bayan kammala karatunta daga Jami'ar Amurka a shekarar 2005, ta koma Najeriya don cimma burinta na zama furodusa/darakta a fina-finai. A shekarar 2007, Bello ta yi aiki tare da fitacciyar furodusa a talabijin kuma mai gabatarwa Mo Abudu a matsayin mataimakiyar furodusa a shirinta na talabijin mai suna Moments with Mo. Ba da daɗewa ba, ta shirya bidiyon waƙar Greenland mai lambar yabo ga fitaccen mawaki kuma mai ɗaukar hoto TY Bello. Michelle ta shirya kuma ta ba da umarni a fim ɗinta na farko mai suna Small Boy <ref>[http://www.supplementmagazine.org/michelle-bellos-small-boy-html Small Boy] {{Dead link|date=April 2020|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> a ƙarshen 2007. Fim ɗin ya yi nasara nan take a Amurka domin daga cikin fina-finai 400, an zaɓe shi don kyaututtuka biyu a bikin fina-finan baƙar fata na Amurka da aka yi a Los Angeles a shekara mai zuwa. An zaɓi waɗanda aka zaɓa su ne kyautar Heineken Red Star Award don 'Innovation in Film' da kuma kyautar Target Filmmaker Award don 'Most Inspirational Film'. A gida, Small Boy ya ci gaba da lashe [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|kyautar African Movie Academy Award]] biyu don 'Best Art Direction' da 'Best Young Child Actor' a watan Afrilun 2009. An fara nuna fim ɗin a Legas, Najeriya a watan Mayun 2010. tare da taurarin Nollywood da masu sana'a a masana'antar. Bayan haka, Bello ta koma Amurka ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin Sadarwa, wacce ta ƙware a fannin Darakta a Fina-finai, a Jami'ar Regent da ke Virginia. Ta yi amfani da damar wajen haɓaka sana'arta kuma ta yi gajerun fina-finai da dama. A lokacin da take Jami'ar Regent, an zaɓi Bello don yin aikin horo tare da Hukumar Ba da Shawara ta ICM a bikin Fina-finai na Cannes na 2011. Ta kuma halarci bikin fina-finai na Sundance a wannan shekarar a matsayin wani ɓangare na shirin aji da jami'ar ta shirya kuma ta haɗu da wasu fitattun masu shirya fina-finai a lokacin zamanta. Bayan kammala karatunta a watan Disamba na 2011, Bello ta koma gida don shiga masana'antar da ke bunƙasa da aka sani da [[Nollywood]] . Iliminta, tare da gogewarta a masana'antar a gida da kuma ƙasashen waje, ya sa Bello ta kasance mai iya shiryawa da kuma ba da umarni fim ɗinta na biyu mai suna [[Flower Girl (fim)|Flower Girl]], wanda aka fitar a watan Fabrairun 2013 don yin bita mai daɗi. Fim ɗin ya kai matsayi na ɗaya a sinima a faɗin Najeriya kuma daga baya aka sake shi a Ghana kuma ya sami irin wannan martanin. Watanni da yawa bayan haka, an fara nuna Flower Girl a Amurka a bikin fina-finan Hollywood Black Film Festival da aka yi a Los Angeles a watan Oktoban 2013. A ranar 4 ga Oktoba, an buɗe kasuwar fina-finan Burtaniya a cikin manyan gidajen sinima guda uku, ciki har da sinima Odeon, Vue da Cineworld. Michelle ita ce darakta mace ta farko 'yar Najeriya da ta fito a fim a Burtaniya. Daga baya Flower Girl ta lashe kyautar 'Mafi Kyawun Fim na Afirka' a Burtaniya a bikin fina-finai na Black International a farkon watan Nuwamba na 2013. Fim ɗin ya sake ketare Atlantic don a nuna shi a bikin fina-finai na Toronto Black Film a watan Fabrairu na 2014. Aberdeen, Scotland, ita ce tasha ta gaba don fim ɗin kuma an sake shi a sinima a watan Fabrairu. Ya ci gaba da lashe kyautar Screen Nation Film & Television Award ta 2014 a Burtaniya don 'Favourite New Nollywood Film' a wannan watan. Fim ɗin ya kuma sami kyaututtuka na 'Mafi Kyawun Haske' a bikin fina-finai na Africa Movie Academy Awards na 2013, da kuma 'Mafi Kyawun Fim' a bikin fina-finai na Africa International Film Festival na 2013. An ba Michelle kyautar Trailblazer mai daraja da kuma sha'awar gaske a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na Africa Magic Viewer's Choice Awards na 2014 da aka yi kwanan nan a Legas, Najeriya. Alkalan da suka kaɗa ƙuri'a sun bayyana cewa an ba ta kyautar "saboda jajircewarta da kuma baiwarta da ta nuna, da kuma iyawarta ta amfani da fasahar zamani wajen shirya fina-finai a Afirka". Wannan kyautar ta zo ne da sabuwar motar wasanni ta Hyundai. An zaɓi Flower Girl a matsayin wacce ta lashe kyaututtukan AMVCA guda huɗu, ciki har da Mafi Kyawun Fim da Mafi Kyawun Jarumi Mai Tallafi, sannan ta lashe kyaututtukan Mafi Kyawun Marubuci a cikin Barkwanci da Mafi Kyawun Jaruma Mai Tallafi. Michelle a halin yanzu tana haɓaka fim ɗinta na uku mai ban sha'awa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Michelle Bello's Romantic Movie "Flower Girl" starring Damilola Adegbite, Chris Attoh & Eku Edewor to premiere this Valentine's Day! View the Official Trailer & Poster {{!}} BellaNaija |url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2013/01/22/michelle-bellos-romantic-movie-flower-girl-starring-damilola-adegbite-chris-attoh-eku-edewor-to-premiere-this-valentines-day-view-the-official-trailer-poster/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Linda Ikeji |date=6 November 2012 |title=Welcome to Linda Ikeji's Blog: Flower Girl: Introducing Nigeria's Newest Romantic Comedy |url=http://lindaikeji.blogspot.com/2012/11/flower-girl-introducing-nigerias-newest.html |access-date=24 September 2013 |publisher=Lindaikeji.blogspot.com}}</ref> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="The material near this tag may rely on an unreliable source. (September 2013)">tushen da ba shi da tabbas?</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> === Sauran aiki === A ƙarƙashin laima ta Blu Star Entertainment Limited, Bello ya buga littafin The Film Directory, wani littafi da ke ɗauke da sunayen masu shirya fina-finai da kamfanoni da dama a Najeriya. An ƙaddamar da bugu na farko a watan Satumba na 2007 a bikin fina-finai na Abuja kuma hukumomin gwamnati sun tallafa masa, ciki har da [https://web.archive.org/web/20130928113453/http://www.nfc.gov.ng/ Hukumar Fina-finai ta Najeriya] da [http://www.nfvcb.gov.ng Hukumar Tace Fina-finai da Bidiyo ta Ƙasa] . == Rayuwa ta sirri == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1982]] lhhhg3qcg5sif57llfavtmrxj9fub0h 878581 878580 2026-07-07T15:11:22Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358459540|Michelle Bello]]" 878581 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michelle Bello''' (an haife ta a matsayin '''Michelle Aisha Bello''' ; 30 ga Satumba 1982) daraktan fina-finai ne [['Yan Najeriya na Burtaniya|na Birtaniya]] kuma furodusa a fina-finai. Ita ce kuma Shugabar Kamfanin Nishaɗi da Buga Littattafai na Blu Star Entertainment Limited da ke Najeriya. An haifi Bello a Landan, Ingila. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Bello a watan Satumba na shekarar 1982 ga Abdullahi Dominic da Sylviane Bello. Bello 'yar asalin [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]] ce, Faransa, Baƙar fata da kuma [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Kongo]] . Ta yi shekarunta na farko a Legas, Najeriya, tana karatun renon yara da firamare kuma tana da shekaru takwas, amma ta tafi Ingila inda ta sami takardar shaidar GCSE da A-level . A lokacin da take girma a Ingila ne ta gano sha'awarta ga yin fim kuma ba ta taɓa waiwayawa ba. == Sana'a == Bello ta ƙaura zuwa Amurka a shekara ta 2001 don yin karatun sadarwa (ƙwararre a fannin Kafafen Yaɗa Labarai) a Jami'ar Amurka da ke Washington DC. A can, ta yi wasu gajerun fina-finai kuma a lokacin wani shiri na karatu a ƙasashen waje a [[Prag|Prague]], [[Kazech|Jamhuriyar Czech]], Bello ta yi fim ɗinta na farko mai tsawon 16mm mai suna Sheltered. Bayan kammala karatunta daga Jami'ar Amurka a shekarar 2005, ta koma Najeriya don cimma burinta na zama furodusa/darakta a fina-finai. A shekarar 2007, Bello ta yi aiki tare da fitacciyar furodusa a talabijin kuma mai gabatarwa Mo Abudu a matsayin mataimakiyar furodusa a shirinta na talabijin mai suna Moments with Mo. Ba da daɗewa ba, ta shirya bidiyon waƙar Greenland mai lambar yabo ga fitaccen mawaki kuma mai ɗaukar hoto TY Bello. Michelle ta shirya kuma ta ba da umarni a fim ɗinta na farko mai suna Small Boy <ref>[http://www.supplementmagazine.org/michelle-bellos-small-boy-html Small Boy] {{Dead link|date=April 2020|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> a ƙarshen 2007. Fim ɗin ya yi nasara nan take a Amurka domin daga cikin fina-finai 400, an zaɓe shi don kyaututtuka biyu a bikin fina-finan baƙar fata na Amurka da aka yi a Los Angeles a shekara mai zuwa. An zaɓi waɗanda aka zaɓa su ne kyautar Heineken Red Star Award don 'Innovation in Film' da kuma kyautar Target Filmmaker Award don 'Most Inspirational Film'. A gida, Small Boy ya ci gaba da lashe [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|kyautar African Movie Academy Award]] biyu don 'Best Art Direction' da 'Best Young Child Actor' a watan Afrilun 2009. An fara nuna fim ɗin a Legas, Najeriya a watan Mayun 2010. tare da taurarin Nollywood da masu sana'a a masana'antar. Bayan haka, Bello ta koma Amurka ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin Sadarwa, wacce ta ƙware a fannin Darakta a Fina-finai, a Jami'ar Regent da ke Virginia. Ta yi amfani da damar wajen haɓaka sana'arta kuma ta yi gajerun fina-finai da dama. A lokacin da take Jami'ar Regent, an zaɓi Bello don yin aikin horo tare da Hukumar Ba da Shawara ta ICM a bikin Fina-finai na Cannes na 2011. Ta kuma halarci bikin fina-finai na Sundance a wannan shekarar a matsayin wani ɓangare na shirin aji da jami'ar ta shirya kuma ta haɗu da wasu fitattun masu shirya fina-finai a lokacin zamanta. Bayan kammala karatunta a watan Disamba na 2011, Bello ta koma gida don shiga masana'antar da ke bunƙasa da aka sani da [[Nollywood]] . Iliminta, tare da gogewarta a masana'antar a gida da kuma ƙasashen waje, ya sa Bello ta kasance mai iya shiryawa da kuma ba da umarni fim ɗinta na biyu mai suna [[Flower Girl (fim)|Flower Girl]], wanda aka fitar a watan Fabrairun 2013 don yin bita mai daɗi. Fim ɗin ya kai matsayi na ɗaya a sinima a faɗin Najeriya kuma daga baya aka sake shi a Ghana kuma ya sami irin wannan martanin. Watanni da yawa bayan haka, an fara nuna Flower Girl a Amurka a bikin fina-finan Hollywood Black Film Festival da aka yi a Los Angeles a watan Oktoban 2013. A ranar 4 ga Oktoba, an buɗe kasuwar fina-finan Burtaniya a cikin manyan gidajen sinima guda uku, ciki har da sinima Odeon, Vue da Cineworld. Michelle ita ce darakta mace ta farko 'yar Najeriya da ta fito a fim a Burtaniya. Daga baya Flower Girl ta lashe kyautar 'Mafi Kyawun Fim na Afirka' a Burtaniya a bikin fina-finai na Black International a farkon watan Nuwamba na 2013. Fim ɗin ya sake ketare Atlantic don a nuna shi a bikin fina-finai na Toronto Black Film a watan Fabrairu na 2014. Aberdeen, Scotland, ita ce tasha ta gaba don fim ɗin kuma an sake shi a sinima a watan Fabrairu. Ya ci gaba da lashe kyautar Screen Nation Film & Television Award ta 2014 a Burtaniya don 'Favourite New Nollywood Film' a wannan watan. Fim ɗin ya kuma sami kyaututtuka na 'Mafi Kyawun Haske' a bikin fina-finai na Africa Movie Academy Awards na 2013, da kuma 'Mafi Kyawun Fim' a bikin fina-finai na Africa International Film Festival na 2013. An ba Michelle kyautar Trailblazer mai daraja da kuma sha'awar gaske a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na Africa Magic Viewer's Choice Awards na 2014 da aka yi kwanan nan a Legas, Najeriya. Alkalan da suka kaɗa ƙuri'a sun bayyana cewa an ba ta kyautar "saboda jajircewarta da kuma baiwarta da ta nuna, da kuma iyawarta ta amfani da fasahar zamani wajen shirya fina-finai a Afirka". Wannan kyautar ta zo ne da sabuwar motar wasanni ta Hyundai. An zaɓi Flower Girl a matsayin wacce ta lashe kyaututtukan AMVCA guda huɗu, ciki har da Mafi Kyawun Fim da Mafi Kyawun Jarumi Mai Tallafi, sannan ta lashe kyaututtukan Mafi Kyawun Marubuci a cikin Barkwanci da Mafi Kyawun Jaruma Mai Tallafi. Michelle a halin yanzu tana haɓaka fim ɗinta na uku mai ban sha'awa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Michelle Bello's Romantic Movie "Flower Girl" starring Damilola Adegbite, Chris Attoh & Eku Edewor to premiere this Valentine's Day! View the Official Trailer & Poster {{!}} BellaNaija |url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2013/01/22/michelle-bellos-romantic-movie-flower-girl-starring-damilola-adegbite-chris-attoh-eku-edewor-to-premiere-this-valentines-day-view-the-official-trailer-poster/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Linda Ikeji |date=6 November 2012 |title=Welcome to Linda Ikeji's Blog: Flower Girl: Introducing Nigeria's Newest Romantic Comedy |url=http://lindaikeji.blogspot.com/2012/11/flower-girl-introducing-nigerias-newest.html |access-date=24 September 2013 |publisher=Lindaikeji.blogspot.com}}</ref> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="The material near this tag may rely on an unreliable source. (September 2013)">tushen da ba shi da tabbas?</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> === Sauran aiki === A ƙarƙashin laima ta Blu Star Entertainment Limited, Bello ya buga littafin The Film Directory, wani littafi da ke ɗauke da sunayen masu shirya fina-finai da kamfanoni da dama a Najeriya. An ƙaddamar da bugu na farko a watan Satumba na 2007 a bikin fina-finai na Abuja kuma hukumomin gwamnati sun tallafa masa, ciki har da [https://web.archive.org/web/20130928113453/http://www.nfc.gov.ng/ Hukumar Fina-finai ta Najeriya] da [http://www.nfvcb.gov.ng Hukumar Tace Fina-finai da Bidiyo ta Ƙasa] . == Rayuwa ta sirri == Tun tana yarinya a makaranta a Ingila, iyawar Bello ta motsa jiki ta sa ta shiga ƙungiyar ƙwallon raga ta makaranta, ninkaya da kuma masu zagaye. Baya ga wannan, ta kuma keɓe lokaci don ɓangaren kiɗanta kuma ta koyi buga saxophone da piano. [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1982]] kywvege3kpmhrnufnzwqln8ow680u5f 878582 878581 2026-07-07T15:11:56Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358459540|Michelle Bello]]" 878582 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michelle Bello''' (an haife ta a matsayin '''Michelle Aisha Bello''' ; 30 ga Satumba 1982) daraktan fina-finai ne [['Yan Najeriya na Burtaniya|na Birtaniya]] kuma furodusa a fina-finai. Ita ce kuma Shugabar Kamfanin Nishaɗi da Buga Littattafai na Blu Star Entertainment Limited da ke Najeriya. An haifi Bello a Landan, Ingila. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Bello a watan Satumba na shekarar 1982 ga Abdullahi Dominic da Sylviane Bello. Bello 'yar asalin [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]] ce, Faransa, Baƙar fata da kuma [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Kongo]] . Ta yi shekarunta na farko a Legas, Najeriya, tana karatun renon yara da firamare kuma tana da shekaru takwas, amma ta tafi Ingila inda ta sami takardar shaidar GCSE da A-level . A lokacin da take girma a Ingila ne ta gano sha'awarta ga yin fim kuma ba ta taɓa waiwayawa ba. == Sana'a == Bello ta ƙaura zuwa Amurka a shekara ta 2001 don yin karatun sadarwa (ƙwararre a fannin Kafafen Yaɗa Labarai) a Jami'ar Amurka da ke Washington DC. A can, ta yi wasu gajerun fina-finai kuma a lokacin wani shiri na karatu a ƙasashen waje a [[Prag|Prague]], [[Kazech|Jamhuriyar Czech]], Bello ta yi fim ɗinta na farko mai tsawon 16mm mai suna Sheltered. Bayan kammala karatunta daga Jami'ar Amurka a shekarar 2005, ta koma Najeriya don cimma burinta na zama furodusa/darakta a fina-finai. A shekarar 2007, Bello ta yi aiki tare da fitacciyar furodusa a talabijin kuma mai gabatarwa Mo Abudu a matsayin mataimakiyar furodusa a shirinta na talabijin mai suna Moments with Mo. Ba da daɗewa ba, ta shirya bidiyon waƙar Greenland mai lambar yabo ga fitaccen mawaki kuma mai ɗaukar hoto TY Bello. Michelle ta shirya kuma ta ba da umarni a fim ɗinta na farko mai suna Small Boy <ref>[http://www.supplementmagazine.org/michelle-bellos-small-boy-html Small Boy] {{Dead link|date=April 2020|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> a ƙarshen 2007. Fim ɗin ya yi nasara nan take a Amurka domin daga cikin fina-finai 400, an zaɓe shi don kyaututtuka biyu a bikin fina-finan baƙar fata na Amurka da aka yi a Los Angeles a shekara mai zuwa. An zaɓi waɗanda aka zaɓa su ne kyautar Heineken Red Star Award don 'Innovation in Film' da kuma kyautar Target Filmmaker Award don 'Most Inspirational Film'. A gida, Small Boy ya ci gaba da lashe [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|kyautar African Movie Academy Award]] biyu don 'Best Art Direction' da 'Best Young Child Actor' a watan Afrilun 2009. An fara nuna fim ɗin a Legas, Najeriya a watan Mayun 2010. tare da taurarin Nollywood da masu sana'a a masana'antar. Bayan haka, Bello ta koma Amurka ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin Sadarwa, wacce ta ƙware a fannin Darakta a Fina-finai, a Jami'ar Regent da ke Virginia. Ta yi amfani da damar wajen haɓaka sana'arta kuma ta yi gajerun fina-finai da dama. A lokacin da take Jami'ar Regent, an zaɓi Bello don yin aikin horo tare da Hukumar Ba da Shawara ta ICM a bikin Fina-finai na Cannes na 2011. Ta kuma halarci bikin fina-finai na Sundance a wannan shekarar a matsayin wani ɓangare na shirin aji da jami'ar ta shirya kuma ta haɗu da wasu fitattun masu shirya fina-finai a lokacin zamanta. Bayan kammala karatunta a watan Disamba na 2011, Bello ta koma gida don shiga masana'antar da ke bunƙasa da aka sani da [[Nollywood]] . Iliminta, tare da gogewarta a masana'antar a gida da kuma ƙasashen waje, ya sa Bello ta kasance mai iya shiryawa da kuma ba da umarni fim ɗinta na biyu mai suna [[Flower Girl (fim)|Flower Girl]], wanda aka fitar a watan Fabrairun 2013 don yin bita mai daɗi. Fim ɗin ya kai matsayi na ɗaya a sinima a faɗin Najeriya kuma daga baya aka sake shi a Ghana kuma ya sami irin wannan martanin. Watanni da yawa bayan haka, an fara nuna Flower Girl a Amurka a bikin fina-finan Hollywood Black Film Festival da aka yi a Los Angeles a watan Oktoban 2013. A ranar 4 ga Oktoba, an buɗe kasuwar fina-finan Burtaniya a cikin manyan gidajen sinima guda uku, ciki har da sinima Odeon, Vue da Cineworld. Michelle ita ce darakta mace ta farko 'yar Najeriya da ta fito a fim a Burtaniya. Daga baya Flower Girl ta lashe kyautar 'Mafi Kyawun Fim na Afirka' a Burtaniya a bikin fina-finai na Black International a farkon watan Nuwamba na 2013. Fim ɗin ya sake ketare Atlantic don a nuna shi a bikin fina-finai na Toronto Black Film a watan Fabrairu na 2014. Aberdeen, Scotland, ita ce tasha ta gaba don fim ɗin kuma an sake shi a sinima a watan Fabrairu. Ya ci gaba da lashe kyautar Screen Nation Film & Television Award ta 2014 a Burtaniya don 'Favourite New Nollywood Film' a wannan watan. Fim ɗin ya kuma sami kyaututtuka na 'Mafi Kyawun Haske' a bikin fina-finai na Africa Movie Academy Awards na 2013, da kuma 'Mafi Kyawun Fim' a bikin fina-finai na Africa International Film Festival na 2013. An ba Michelle kyautar Trailblazer mai daraja da kuma sha'awar gaske a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na Africa Magic Viewer's Choice Awards na 2014 da aka yi kwanan nan a Legas, Najeriya. Alkalan da suka kaɗa ƙuri'a sun bayyana cewa an ba ta kyautar "saboda jajircewarta da kuma baiwarta da ta nuna, da kuma iyawarta ta amfani da fasahar zamani wajen shirya fina-finai a Afirka". Wannan kyautar ta zo ne da sabuwar motar wasanni ta Hyundai. An zaɓi Flower Girl a matsayin wacce ta lashe kyaututtukan AMVCA guda huɗu, ciki har da Mafi Kyawun Fim da Mafi Kyawun Jarumi Mai Tallafi, sannan ta lashe kyaututtukan Mafi Kyawun Marubuci a cikin Barkwanci da Mafi Kyawun Jaruma Mai Tallafi. Michelle a halin yanzu tana haɓaka fim ɗinta na uku mai ban sha'awa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Michelle Bello's Romantic Movie "Flower Girl" starring Damilola Adegbite, Chris Attoh & Eku Edewor to premiere this Valentine's Day! View the Official Trailer & Poster {{!}} BellaNaija |url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2013/01/22/michelle-bellos-romantic-movie-flower-girl-starring-damilola-adegbite-chris-attoh-eku-edewor-to-premiere-this-valentines-day-view-the-official-trailer-poster/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Linda Ikeji |date=6 November 2012 |title=Welcome to Linda Ikeji's Blog: Flower Girl: Introducing Nigeria's Newest Romantic Comedy |url=http://lindaikeji.blogspot.com/2012/11/flower-girl-introducing-nigerias-newest.html |access-date=24 September 2013 |publisher=Lindaikeji.blogspot.com}}</ref> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="The material near this tag may rely on an unreliable source. (September 2013)">tushen da ba shi da tabbas?</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> === Sauran aiki === A ƙarƙashin laima ta Blu Star Entertainment Limited, Bello ya buga littafin The Film Directory, wani littafi da ke ɗauke da sunayen masu shirya fina-finai da kamfanoni da dama a Najeriya. An ƙaddamar da bugu na farko a watan Satumba na 2007 a bikin fina-finai na Abuja kuma hukumomin gwamnati sun tallafa masa, ciki har da [https://web.archive.org/web/20130928113453/http://www.nfc.gov.ng/ Hukumar Fina-finai ta Najeriya] da [http://www.nfvcb.gov.ng Hukumar Tace Fina-finai da Bidiyo ta Ƙasa] . == Rayuwa ta sirri == Tun tana yarinya a makaranta a Ingila, iyawar Bello ta motsa jiki ta sa ta shiga ƙungiyar ƙwallon raga ta makaranta, ninkaya da kuma masu zagaye. Baya ga wannan, ta kuma keɓe lokaci don ɓangaren kiɗanta kuma ta koyi buga saxophone da piano. Mahaifin Bello ɗan Najeriya, Air Vice Marshal Abdullahi Bello (mai ritaya), an haife shi a Jimeta, [[Yola]], [[Adamawa|Jihar Adamawa]], kuma ya tashi zuwa matsayi mafi ƙaranci a matsayin Babban Hafsan Sojojin Sama a Afirka a shekarar 1980. Bayan shekaru 25 na aikin yabo, ya yi ritaya daga [[Sojojin Sama na Najeriya|Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Najeriya]] . Mahaifiyarta 'yar Amurka/Faransa, Sylvaline, fitacciyar mai fafutukar fasaha ce ta Najeriya, tana haɓaka wasan kwaikwayo da zane-zane a gida da waje a matsayin Shugabar wata ƙungiya mai zaman kanta ta Najeriya mai suna Masoma Africa Foundation for the Arts. Tun tana ƙarama, mahaifiyar Bello ta fallasa ta ga kiɗa, shirye-shirye da fina-finai waɗanda koyaushe take jin daɗinsu. [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1982]] r65zv2545bpj6heig5rwk78vqvxn5wx 878583 878582 2026-07-07T15:12:17Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358459540|Michelle Bello]]" 878583 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michelle Bello''' (an haife ta a matsayin '''Michelle Aisha Bello''' ; 30 ga Satumba 1982) daraktan fina-finai ne [['Yan Najeriya na Burtaniya|na Birtaniya]] kuma furodusa a fina-finai. Ita ce kuma Shugabar Kamfanin Nishaɗi da Buga Littattafai na Blu Star Entertainment Limited da ke Najeriya. An haifi Bello a Landan, Ingila. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Bello a watan Satumba na shekarar 1982 ga Abdullahi Dominic da Sylviane Bello. Bello 'yar asalin [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]] ce, Faransa, Baƙar fata da kuma [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Kongo]] . Ta yi shekarunta na farko a Legas, Najeriya, tana karatun renon yara da firamare kuma tana da shekaru takwas, amma ta tafi Ingila inda ta sami takardar shaidar GCSE da A-level . A lokacin da take girma a Ingila ne ta gano sha'awarta ga yin fim kuma ba ta taɓa waiwayawa ba. == Sana'a == Bello ta ƙaura zuwa Amurka a shekara ta 2001 don yin karatun sadarwa (ƙwararre a fannin Kafafen Yaɗa Labarai) a Jami'ar Amurka da ke Washington DC. A can, ta yi wasu gajerun fina-finai kuma a lokacin wani shiri na karatu a ƙasashen waje a [[Prag|Prague]], [[Kazech|Jamhuriyar Czech]], Bello ta yi fim ɗinta na farko mai tsawon 16mm mai suna Sheltered. Bayan kammala karatunta daga Jami'ar Amurka a shekarar 2005, ta koma Najeriya don cimma burinta na zama furodusa/darakta a fina-finai. A shekarar 2007, Bello ta yi aiki tare da fitacciyar furodusa a talabijin kuma mai gabatarwa Mo Abudu a matsayin mataimakiyar furodusa a shirinta na talabijin mai suna Moments with Mo. Ba da daɗewa ba, ta shirya bidiyon waƙar Greenland mai lambar yabo ga fitaccen mawaki kuma mai ɗaukar hoto TY Bello. Michelle ta shirya kuma ta ba da umarni a fim ɗinta na farko mai suna Small Boy <ref>[http://www.supplementmagazine.org/michelle-bellos-small-boy-html Small Boy] {{Dead link|date=April 2020|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> a ƙarshen 2007. Fim ɗin ya yi nasara nan take a Amurka domin daga cikin fina-finai 400, an zaɓe shi don kyaututtuka biyu a bikin fina-finan baƙar fata na Amurka da aka yi a Los Angeles a shekara mai zuwa. An zaɓi waɗanda aka zaɓa su ne kyautar Heineken Red Star Award don 'Innovation in Film' da kuma kyautar Target Filmmaker Award don 'Most Inspirational Film'. A gida, Small Boy ya ci gaba da lashe [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|kyautar African Movie Academy Award]] biyu don 'Best Art Direction' da 'Best Young Child Actor' a watan Afrilun 2009. An fara nuna fim ɗin a Legas, Najeriya a watan Mayun 2010. tare da taurarin Nollywood da masu sana'a a masana'antar. Bayan haka, Bello ta koma Amurka ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin Sadarwa, wacce ta ƙware a fannin Darakta a Fina-finai, a Jami'ar Regent da ke Virginia. Ta yi amfani da damar wajen haɓaka sana'arta kuma ta yi gajerun fina-finai da dama. A lokacin da take Jami'ar Regent, an zaɓi Bello don yin aikin horo tare da Hukumar Ba da Shawara ta ICM a bikin Fina-finai na Cannes na 2011. Ta kuma halarci bikin fina-finai na Sundance a wannan shekarar a matsayin wani ɓangare na shirin aji da jami'ar ta shirya kuma ta haɗu da wasu fitattun masu shirya fina-finai a lokacin zamanta. Bayan kammala karatunta a watan Disamba na 2011, Bello ta koma gida don shiga masana'antar da ke bunƙasa da aka sani da [[Nollywood]] . Iliminta, tare da gogewarta a masana'antar a gida da kuma ƙasashen waje, ya sa Bello ta kasance mai iya shiryawa da kuma ba da umarni fim ɗinta na biyu mai suna [[Flower Girl (fim)|Flower Girl]], wanda aka fitar a watan Fabrairun 2013 don yin bita mai daɗi. Fim ɗin ya kai matsayi na ɗaya a sinima a faɗin Najeriya kuma daga baya aka sake shi a Ghana kuma ya sami irin wannan martanin. Watanni da yawa bayan haka, an fara nuna Flower Girl a Amurka a bikin fina-finan Hollywood Black Film Festival da aka yi a Los Angeles a watan Oktoban 2013. A ranar 4 ga Oktoba, an buɗe kasuwar fina-finan Burtaniya a cikin manyan gidajen sinima guda uku, ciki har da sinima Odeon, Vue da Cineworld. Michelle ita ce darakta mace ta farko 'yar Najeriya da ta fito a fim a Burtaniya. Daga baya Flower Girl ta lashe kyautar 'Mafi Kyawun Fim na Afirka' a Burtaniya a bikin fina-finai na Black International a farkon watan Nuwamba na 2013. Fim ɗin ya sake ketare Atlantic don a nuna shi a bikin fina-finai na Toronto Black Film a watan Fabrairu na 2014. Aberdeen, Scotland, ita ce tasha ta gaba don fim ɗin kuma an sake shi a sinima a watan Fabrairu. Ya ci gaba da lashe kyautar Screen Nation Film & Television Award ta 2014 a Burtaniya don 'Favourite New Nollywood Film' a wannan watan. Fim ɗin ya kuma sami kyaututtuka na 'Mafi Kyawun Haske' a bikin fina-finai na Africa Movie Academy Awards na 2013, da kuma 'Mafi Kyawun Fim' a bikin fina-finai na Africa International Film Festival na 2013. An ba Michelle kyautar Trailblazer mai daraja da kuma sha'awar gaske a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na Africa Magic Viewer's Choice Awards na 2014 da aka yi kwanan nan a Legas, Najeriya. Alkalan da suka kaɗa ƙuri'a sun bayyana cewa an ba ta kyautar "saboda jajircewarta da kuma baiwarta da ta nuna, da kuma iyawarta ta amfani da fasahar zamani wajen shirya fina-finai a Afirka". Wannan kyautar ta zo ne da sabuwar motar wasanni ta Hyundai. An zaɓi Flower Girl a matsayin wacce ta lashe kyaututtukan AMVCA guda huɗu, ciki har da Mafi Kyawun Fim da Mafi Kyawun Jarumi Mai Tallafi, sannan ta lashe kyaututtukan Mafi Kyawun Marubuci a cikin Barkwanci da Mafi Kyawun Jaruma Mai Tallafi. Michelle a halin yanzu tana haɓaka fim ɗinta na uku mai ban sha'awa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Michelle Bello's Romantic Movie "Flower Girl" starring Damilola Adegbite, Chris Attoh & Eku Edewor to premiere this Valentine's Day! View the Official Trailer & Poster {{!}} BellaNaija |url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2013/01/22/michelle-bellos-romantic-movie-flower-girl-starring-damilola-adegbite-chris-attoh-eku-edewor-to-premiere-this-valentines-day-view-the-official-trailer-poster/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Linda Ikeji |date=6 November 2012 |title=Welcome to Linda Ikeji's Blog: Flower Girl: Introducing Nigeria's Newest Romantic Comedy |url=http://lindaikeji.blogspot.com/2012/11/flower-girl-introducing-nigerias-newest.html |access-date=24 September 2013 |publisher=Lindaikeji.blogspot.com}}</ref> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="The material near this tag may rely on an unreliable source. (September 2013)">tushen da ba shi da tabbas?</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> === Sauran aiki === A ƙarƙashin laima ta Blu Star Entertainment Limited, Bello ya buga littafin The Film Directory, wani littafi da ke ɗauke da sunayen masu shirya fina-finai da kamfanoni da dama a Najeriya. An ƙaddamar da bugu na farko a watan Satumba na 2007 a bikin fina-finai na Abuja kuma hukumomin gwamnati sun tallafa masa, ciki har da [https://web.archive.org/web/20130928113453/http://www.nfc.gov.ng/ Hukumar Fina-finai ta Najeriya] da [http://www.nfvcb.gov.ng Hukumar Tace Fina-finai da Bidiyo ta Ƙasa] . == Rayuwa ta sirri == Tun tana yarinya a makaranta a Ingila, iyawar Bello ta motsa jiki ta sa ta shiga ƙungiyar ƙwallon raga ta makaranta, ninkaya da kuma masu zagaye. Baya ga wannan, ta kuma keɓe lokaci don ɓangaren kiɗanta kuma ta koyi buga saxophone da piano. Mahaifin Bello ɗan Najeriya, Air Vice Marshal Abdullahi Bello (mai ritaya), an haife shi a Jimeta, [[Yola]], [[Adamawa|Jihar Adamawa]], kuma ya tashi zuwa matsayi mafi ƙaranci a matsayin Babban Hafsan Sojojin Sama a Afirka a shekarar 1980. Bayan shekaru 25 na aikin yabo, ya yi ritaya daga [[Sojojin Sama na Najeriya|Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Najeriya]] . Mahaifiyarta 'yar Amurka/Faransa, Sylvaline, fitacciyar mai fafutukar fasaha ce ta Najeriya, tana haɓaka wasan kwaikwayo da zane-zane a gida da waje a matsayin Shugabar wata ƙungiya mai zaman kanta ta Najeriya mai suna Masoma Africa Foundation for the Arts. Tun tana ƙarama, mahaifiyar Bello ta fallasa ta ga kiɗa, shirye-shirye da fina-finai waɗanda koyaushe take jin daɗinsu. == Fina-finai == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1982]] lb6rst5e85abi4lupggoirrppfdedrs 878584 878583 2026-07-07T15:12:32Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358459540|Michelle Bello]]" 878584 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michelle Bello''' (an haife ta a matsayin '''Michelle Aisha Bello''' ; 30 ga Satumba 1982) daraktan fina-finai ne [['Yan Najeriya na Burtaniya|na Birtaniya]] kuma furodusa a fina-finai. Ita ce kuma Shugabar Kamfanin Nishaɗi da Buga Littattafai na Blu Star Entertainment Limited da ke Najeriya. An haifi Bello a Landan, Ingila. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Bello a watan Satumba na shekarar 1982 ga Abdullahi Dominic da Sylviane Bello. Bello 'yar asalin [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]] ce, Faransa, Baƙar fata da kuma [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Kongo]] . Ta yi shekarunta na farko a Legas, Najeriya, tana karatun renon yara da firamare kuma tana da shekaru takwas, amma ta tafi Ingila inda ta sami takardar shaidar GCSE da A-level . A lokacin da take girma a Ingila ne ta gano sha'awarta ga yin fim kuma ba ta taɓa waiwayawa ba. == Sana'a == Bello ta ƙaura zuwa Amurka a shekara ta 2001 don yin karatun sadarwa (ƙwararre a fannin Kafafen Yaɗa Labarai) a Jami'ar Amurka da ke Washington DC. A can, ta yi wasu gajerun fina-finai kuma a lokacin wani shiri na karatu a ƙasashen waje a [[Prag|Prague]], [[Kazech|Jamhuriyar Czech]], Bello ta yi fim ɗinta na farko mai tsawon 16mm mai suna Sheltered. Bayan kammala karatunta daga Jami'ar Amurka a shekarar 2005, ta koma Najeriya don cimma burinta na zama furodusa/darakta a fina-finai. A shekarar 2007, Bello ta yi aiki tare da fitacciyar furodusa a talabijin kuma mai gabatarwa Mo Abudu a matsayin mataimakiyar furodusa a shirinta na talabijin mai suna Moments with Mo. Ba da daɗewa ba, ta shirya bidiyon waƙar Greenland mai lambar yabo ga fitaccen mawaki kuma mai ɗaukar hoto TY Bello. Michelle ta shirya kuma ta ba da umarni a fim ɗinta na farko mai suna Small Boy <ref>[http://www.supplementmagazine.org/michelle-bellos-small-boy-html Small Boy] {{Dead link|date=April 2020|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> a ƙarshen 2007. Fim ɗin ya yi nasara nan take a Amurka domin daga cikin fina-finai 400, an zaɓe shi don kyaututtuka biyu a bikin fina-finan baƙar fata na Amurka da aka yi a Los Angeles a shekara mai zuwa. An zaɓi waɗanda aka zaɓa su ne kyautar Heineken Red Star Award don 'Innovation in Film' da kuma kyautar Target Filmmaker Award don 'Most Inspirational Film'. A gida, Small Boy ya ci gaba da lashe [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|kyautar African Movie Academy Award]] biyu don 'Best Art Direction' da 'Best Young Child Actor' a watan Afrilun 2009. An fara nuna fim ɗin a Legas, Najeriya a watan Mayun 2010. tare da taurarin Nollywood da masu sana'a a masana'antar. Bayan haka, Bello ta koma Amurka ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin Sadarwa, wacce ta ƙware a fannin Darakta a Fina-finai, a Jami'ar Regent da ke Virginia. Ta yi amfani da damar wajen haɓaka sana'arta kuma ta yi gajerun fina-finai da dama. A lokacin da take Jami'ar Regent, an zaɓi Bello don yin aikin horo tare da Hukumar Ba da Shawara ta ICM a bikin Fina-finai na Cannes na 2011. Ta kuma halarci bikin fina-finai na Sundance a wannan shekarar a matsayin wani ɓangare na shirin aji da jami'ar ta shirya kuma ta haɗu da wasu fitattun masu shirya fina-finai a lokacin zamanta. Bayan kammala karatunta a watan Disamba na 2011, Bello ta koma gida don shiga masana'antar da ke bunƙasa da aka sani da [[Nollywood]] . Iliminta, tare da gogewarta a masana'antar a gida da kuma ƙasashen waje, ya sa Bello ta kasance mai iya shiryawa da kuma ba da umarni fim ɗinta na biyu mai suna [[Flower Girl (fim)|Flower Girl]], wanda aka fitar a watan Fabrairun 2013 don yin bita mai daɗi. Fim ɗin ya kai matsayi na ɗaya a sinima a faɗin Najeriya kuma daga baya aka sake shi a Ghana kuma ya sami irin wannan martanin. Watanni da yawa bayan haka, an fara nuna Flower Girl a Amurka a bikin fina-finan Hollywood Black Film Festival da aka yi a Los Angeles a watan Oktoban 2013. A ranar 4 ga Oktoba, an buɗe kasuwar fina-finan Burtaniya a cikin manyan gidajen sinima guda uku, ciki har da sinima Odeon, Vue da Cineworld. Michelle ita ce darakta mace ta farko 'yar Najeriya da ta fito a fim a Burtaniya. Daga baya Flower Girl ta lashe kyautar 'Mafi Kyawun Fim na Afirka' a Burtaniya a bikin fina-finai na Black International a farkon watan Nuwamba na 2013. Fim ɗin ya sake ketare Atlantic don a nuna shi a bikin fina-finai na Toronto Black Film a watan Fabrairu na 2014. Aberdeen, Scotland, ita ce tasha ta gaba don fim ɗin kuma an sake shi a sinima a watan Fabrairu. Ya ci gaba da lashe kyautar Screen Nation Film & Television Award ta 2014 a Burtaniya don 'Favourite New Nollywood Film' a wannan watan. Fim ɗin ya kuma sami kyaututtuka na 'Mafi Kyawun Haske' a bikin fina-finai na Africa Movie Academy Awards na 2013, da kuma 'Mafi Kyawun Fim' a bikin fina-finai na Africa International Film Festival na 2013. An ba Michelle kyautar Trailblazer mai daraja da kuma sha'awar gaske a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na Africa Magic Viewer's Choice Awards na 2014 da aka yi kwanan nan a Legas, Najeriya. Alkalan da suka kaɗa ƙuri'a sun bayyana cewa an ba ta kyautar "saboda jajircewarta da kuma baiwarta da ta nuna, da kuma iyawarta ta amfani da fasahar zamani wajen shirya fina-finai a Afirka". Wannan kyautar ta zo ne da sabuwar motar wasanni ta Hyundai. An zaɓi Flower Girl a matsayin wacce ta lashe kyaututtukan AMVCA guda huɗu, ciki har da Mafi Kyawun Fim da Mafi Kyawun Jarumi Mai Tallafi, sannan ta lashe kyaututtukan Mafi Kyawun Marubuci a cikin Barkwanci da Mafi Kyawun Jaruma Mai Tallafi. Michelle a halin yanzu tana haɓaka fim ɗinta na uku mai ban sha'awa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Michelle Bello's Romantic Movie "Flower Girl" starring Damilola Adegbite, Chris Attoh & Eku Edewor to premiere this Valentine's Day! View the Official Trailer & Poster {{!}} BellaNaija |url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2013/01/22/michelle-bellos-romantic-movie-flower-girl-starring-damilola-adegbite-chris-attoh-eku-edewor-to-premiere-this-valentines-day-view-the-official-trailer-poster/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Linda Ikeji |date=6 November 2012 |title=Welcome to Linda Ikeji's Blog: Flower Girl: Introducing Nigeria's Newest Romantic Comedy |url=http://lindaikeji.blogspot.com/2012/11/flower-girl-introducing-nigerias-newest.html |access-date=24 September 2013 |publisher=Lindaikeji.blogspot.com}}</ref> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="The material near this tag may rely on an unreliable source. (September 2013)">tushen da ba shi da tabbas?</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> === Sauran aiki === A ƙarƙashin laima ta Blu Star Entertainment Limited, Bello ya buga littafin The Film Directory, wani littafi da ke ɗauke da sunayen masu shirya fina-finai da kamfanoni da dama a Najeriya. An ƙaddamar da bugu na farko a watan Satumba na 2007 a bikin fina-finai na Abuja kuma hukumomin gwamnati sun tallafa masa, ciki har da [https://web.archive.org/web/20130928113453/http://www.nfc.gov.ng/ Hukumar Fina-finai ta Najeriya] da [http://www.nfvcb.gov.ng Hukumar Tace Fina-finai da Bidiyo ta Ƙasa] . == Rayuwa ta sirri == Tun tana yarinya a makaranta a Ingila, iyawar Bello ta motsa jiki ta sa ta shiga ƙungiyar ƙwallon raga ta makaranta, ninkaya da kuma masu zagaye. Baya ga wannan, ta kuma keɓe lokaci don ɓangaren kiɗanta kuma ta koyi buga saxophone da piano. Mahaifin Bello ɗan Najeriya, Air Vice Marshal Abdullahi Bello (mai ritaya), an haife shi a Jimeta, [[Yola]], [[Adamawa|Jihar Adamawa]], kuma ya tashi zuwa matsayi mafi ƙaranci a matsayin Babban Hafsan Sojojin Sama a Afirka a shekarar 1980. Bayan shekaru 25 na aikin yabo, ya yi ritaya daga [[Sojojin Sama na Najeriya|Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Najeriya]] . Mahaifiyarta 'yar Amurka/Faransa, Sylvaline, fitacciyar mai fafutukar fasaha ce ta Najeriya, tana haɓaka wasan kwaikwayo da zane-zane a gida da waje a matsayin Shugabar wata ƙungiya mai zaman kanta ta Najeriya mai suna Masoma Africa Foundation for the Arts. Tun tana ƙarama, mahaifiyar Bello ta fallasa ta ga kiɗa, shirye-shirye da fina-finai waɗanda koyaushe take jin daɗinsu. == Fina-finai == * An tsare (2005), Darakta/Furodusa * Ƙaramin Yaro (2009), Darakta/Furodusa * Yarinyar Fure (2013), Darakta/ Furodusa * Matsalolin Rashin Da'a (2016) - Mataimakin Furodusa [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1982]] k4aqa4ci2uqinpcrev4zel1cc1rndtk 878585 878584 2026-07-07T15:12:52Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358459540|Michelle Bello]]" 878585 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michelle Bello''' (an haife ta a matsayin '''Michelle Aisha Bello''' ; 30 ga Satumba 1982) daraktan fina-finai ne [['Yan Najeriya na Burtaniya|na Birtaniya]] kuma furodusa a fina-finai. Ita ce kuma Shugabar Kamfanin Nishaɗi da Buga Littattafai na Blu Star Entertainment Limited da ke Najeriya. An haifi Bello a Landan, Ingila. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Bello a watan Satumba na shekarar 1982 ga Abdullahi Dominic da Sylviane Bello. Bello 'yar asalin [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]] ce, Faransa, Baƙar fata da kuma [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Kongo]] . Ta yi shekarunta na farko a Legas, Najeriya, tana karatun renon yara da firamare kuma tana da shekaru takwas, amma ta tafi Ingila inda ta sami takardar shaidar GCSE da A-level . A lokacin da take girma a Ingila ne ta gano sha'awarta ga yin fim kuma ba ta taɓa waiwayawa ba. == Sana'a == Bello ta ƙaura zuwa Amurka a shekara ta 2001 don yin karatun sadarwa (ƙwararre a fannin Kafafen Yaɗa Labarai) a Jami'ar Amurka da ke Washington DC. A can, ta yi wasu gajerun fina-finai kuma a lokacin wani shiri na karatu a ƙasashen waje a [[Prag|Prague]], [[Kazech|Jamhuriyar Czech]], Bello ta yi fim ɗinta na farko mai tsawon 16mm mai suna Sheltered. Bayan kammala karatunta daga Jami'ar Amurka a shekarar 2005, ta koma Najeriya don cimma burinta na zama furodusa/darakta a fina-finai. A shekarar 2007, Bello ta yi aiki tare da fitacciyar furodusa a talabijin kuma mai gabatarwa Mo Abudu a matsayin mataimakiyar furodusa a shirinta na talabijin mai suna Moments with Mo. Ba da daɗewa ba, ta shirya bidiyon waƙar Greenland mai lambar yabo ga fitaccen mawaki kuma mai ɗaukar hoto TY Bello. Michelle ta shirya kuma ta ba da umarni a fim ɗinta na farko mai suna Small Boy <ref>[http://www.supplementmagazine.org/michelle-bellos-small-boy-html Small Boy] {{Dead link|date=April 2020|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> a ƙarshen 2007. Fim ɗin ya yi nasara nan take a Amurka domin daga cikin fina-finai 400, an zaɓe shi don kyaututtuka biyu a bikin fina-finan baƙar fata na Amurka da aka yi a Los Angeles a shekara mai zuwa. An zaɓi waɗanda aka zaɓa su ne kyautar Heineken Red Star Award don 'Innovation in Film' da kuma kyautar Target Filmmaker Award don 'Most Inspirational Film'. A gida, Small Boy ya ci gaba da lashe [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|kyautar African Movie Academy Award]] biyu don 'Best Art Direction' da 'Best Young Child Actor' a watan Afrilun 2009. An fara nuna fim ɗin a Legas, Najeriya a watan Mayun 2010. tare da taurarin Nollywood da masu sana'a a masana'antar. Bayan haka, Bello ta koma Amurka ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin Sadarwa, wacce ta ƙware a fannin Darakta a Fina-finai, a Jami'ar Regent da ke Virginia. Ta yi amfani da damar wajen haɓaka sana'arta kuma ta yi gajerun fina-finai da dama. A lokacin da take Jami'ar Regent, an zaɓi Bello don yin aikin horo tare da Hukumar Ba da Shawara ta ICM a bikin Fina-finai na Cannes na 2011. Ta kuma halarci bikin fina-finai na Sundance a wannan shekarar a matsayin wani ɓangare na shirin aji da jami'ar ta shirya kuma ta haɗu da wasu fitattun masu shirya fina-finai a lokacin zamanta. Bayan kammala karatunta a watan Disamba na 2011, Bello ta koma gida don shiga masana'antar da ke bunƙasa da aka sani da [[Nollywood]] . Iliminta, tare da gogewarta a masana'antar a gida da kuma ƙasashen waje, ya sa Bello ta kasance mai iya shiryawa da kuma ba da umarni fim ɗinta na biyu mai suna [[Flower Girl (fim)|Flower Girl]], wanda aka fitar a watan Fabrairun 2013 don yin bita mai daɗi. Fim ɗin ya kai matsayi na ɗaya a sinima a faɗin Najeriya kuma daga baya aka sake shi a Ghana kuma ya sami irin wannan martanin. Watanni da yawa bayan haka, an fara nuna Flower Girl a Amurka a bikin fina-finan Hollywood Black Film Festival da aka yi a Los Angeles a watan Oktoban 2013. A ranar 4 ga Oktoba, an buɗe kasuwar fina-finan Burtaniya a cikin manyan gidajen sinima guda uku, ciki har da sinima Odeon, Vue da Cineworld. Michelle ita ce darakta mace ta farko 'yar Najeriya da ta fito a fim a Burtaniya. Daga baya Flower Girl ta lashe kyautar 'Mafi Kyawun Fim na Afirka' a Burtaniya a bikin fina-finai na Black International a farkon watan Nuwamba na 2013. Fim ɗin ya sake ketare Atlantic don a nuna shi a bikin fina-finai na Toronto Black Film a watan Fabrairu na 2014. Aberdeen, Scotland, ita ce tasha ta gaba don fim ɗin kuma an sake shi a sinima a watan Fabrairu. Ya ci gaba da lashe kyautar Screen Nation Film & Television Award ta 2014 a Burtaniya don 'Favourite New Nollywood Film' a wannan watan. Fim ɗin ya kuma sami kyaututtuka na 'Mafi Kyawun Haske' a bikin fina-finai na Africa Movie Academy Awards na 2013, da kuma 'Mafi Kyawun Fim' a bikin fina-finai na Africa International Film Festival na 2013. An ba Michelle kyautar Trailblazer mai daraja da kuma sha'awar gaske a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na Africa Magic Viewer's Choice Awards na 2014 da aka yi kwanan nan a Legas, Najeriya. Alkalan da suka kaɗa ƙuri'a sun bayyana cewa an ba ta kyautar "saboda jajircewarta da kuma baiwarta da ta nuna, da kuma iyawarta ta amfani da fasahar zamani wajen shirya fina-finai a Afirka". Wannan kyautar ta zo ne da sabuwar motar wasanni ta Hyundai. An zaɓi Flower Girl a matsayin wacce ta lashe kyaututtukan AMVCA guda huɗu, ciki har da Mafi Kyawun Fim da Mafi Kyawun Jarumi Mai Tallafi, sannan ta lashe kyaututtukan Mafi Kyawun Marubuci a cikin Barkwanci da Mafi Kyawun Jaruma Mai Tallafi. Michelle a halin yanzu tana haɓaka fim ɗinta na uku mai ban sha'awa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Michelle Bello's Romantic Movie "Flower Girl" starring Damilola Adegbite, Chris Attoh & Eku Edewor to premiere this Valentine's Day! View the Official Trailer & Poster {{!}} BellaNaija |url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2013/01/22/michelle-bellos-romantic-movie-flower-girl-starring-damilola-adegbite-chris-attoh-eku-edewor-to-premiere-this-valentines-day-view-the-official-trailer-poster/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Linda Ikeji |date=6 November 2012 |title=Welcome to Linda Ikeji's Blog: Flower Girl: Introducing Nigeria's Newest Romantic Comedy |url=http://lindaikeji.blogspot.com/2012/11/flower-girl-introducing-nigerias-newest.html |access-date=24 September 2013 |publisher=Lindaikeji.blogspot.com}}</ref> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="The material near this tag may rely on an unreliable source. (September 2013)">tushen da ba shi da tabbas?</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> === Sauran aiki === A ƙarƙashin laima ta Blu Star Entertainment Limited, Bello ya buga littafin The Film Directory, wani littafi da ke ɗauke da sunayen masu shirya fina-finai da kamfanoni da dama a Najeriya. An ƙaddamar da bugu na farko a watan Satumba na 2007 a bikin fina-finai na Abuja kuma hukumomin gwamnati sun tallafa masa, ciki har da [https://web.archive.org/web/20130928113453/http://www.nfc.gov.ng/ Hukumar Fina-finai ta Najeriya] da [http://www.nfvcb.gov.ng Hukumar Tace Fina-finai da Bidiyo ta Ƙasa] . == Rayuwa ta sirri == Tun tana yarinya a makaranta a Ingila, iyawar Bello ta motsa jiki ta sa ta shiga ƙungiyar ƙwallon raga ta makaranta, ninkaya da kuma masu zagaye. Baya ga wannan, ta kuma keɓe lokaci don ɓangaren kiɗanta kuma ta koyi buga saxophone da piano. Mahaifin Bello ɗan Najeriya, Air Vice Marshal Abdullahi Bello (mai ritaya), an haife shi a Jimeta, [[Yola]], [[Adamawa|Jihar Adamawa]], kuma ya tashi zuwa matsayi mafi ƙaranci a matsayin Babban Hafsan Sojojin Sama a Afirka a shekarar 1980. Bayan shekaru 25 na aikin yabo, ya yi ritaya daga [[Sojojin Sama na Najeriya|Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Najeriya]] . Mahaifiyarta 'yar Amurka/Faransa, Sylvaline, fitacciyar mai fafutukar fasaha ce ta Najeriya, tana haɓaka wasan kwaikwayo da zane-zane a gida da waje a matsayin Shugabar wata ƙungiya mai zaman kanta ta Najeriya mai suna Masoma Africa Foundation for the Arts. Tun tana ƙarama, mahaifiyar Bello ta fallasa ta ga kiɗa, shirye-shirye da fina-finai waɗanda koyaushe take jin daɗinsu. == Fina-finai == * An tsare (2005), Darakta/Furodusa * Ƙaramin Yaro (2009), Darakta/Furodusa * Yarinyar Fure (2013), Darakta/ Furodusa * Matsalolin Rashin Da'a (2016) - Mataimakin Furodusa == Lambobin yabo da nadin mukamai == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1982]] ladpo2kfedh175qrlddvweym1ek1gj8 878586 878585 2026-07-07T15:13:57Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358459540|Michelle Bello]]" 878586 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michelle Bello''' (an haife ta a matsayin '''Michelle Aisha Bello''' ; 30 ga Satumba 1982) daraktan fina-finai ne [['Yan Najeriya na Burtaniya|na Birtaniya]] kuma furodusa a fina-finai. Ita ce kuma Shugabar Kamfanin Nishaɗi da Buga Littattafai na Blu Star Entertainment Limited da ke Najeriya. An haifi Bello a Landan, Ingila. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Bello a watan Satumba na shekarar 1982 ga Abdullahi Dominic da Sylviane Bello. Bello 'yar asalin [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]] ce, Faransa, Baƙar fata da kuma [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Kongo]] . Ta yi shekarunta na farko a Legas, Najeriya, tana karatun renon yara da firamare kuma tana da shekaru takwas, amma ta tafi Ingila inda ta sami takardar shaidar GCSE da A-level . A lokacin da take girma a Ingila ne ta gano sha'awarta ga yin fim kuma ba ta taɓa waiwayawa ba. == Sana'a == Bello ta ƙaura zuwa Amurka a shekara ta 2001 don yin karatun sadarwa (ƙwararre a fannin Kafafen Yaɗa Labarai) a Jami'ar Amurka da ke Washington DC. A can, ta yi wasu gajerun fina-finai kuma a lokacin wani shiri na karatu a ƙasashen waje a [[Prag|Prague]], [[Kazech|Jamhuriyar Czech]], Bello ta yi fim ɗinta na farko mai tsawon 16mm mai suna Sheltered. Bayan kammala karatunta daga Jami'ar Amurka a shekarar 2005, ta koma Najeriya don cimma burinta na zama furodusa/darakta a fina-finai. A shekarar 2007, Bello ta yi aiki tare da fitacciyar furodusa a talabijin kuma mai gabatarwa Mo Abudu a matsayin mataimakiyar furodusa a shirinta na talabijin mai suna Moments with Mo. Ba da daɗewa ba, ta shirya bidiyon waƙar Greenland mai lambar yabo ga fitaccen mawaki kuma mai ɗaukar hoto TY Bello. Michelle ta shirya kuma ta ba da umarni a fim ɗinta na farko mai suna Small Boy <ref>[http://www.supplementmagazine.org/michelle-bellos-small-boy-html Small Boy] {{Dead link|date=April 2020|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> a ƙarshen 2007. Fim ɗin ya yi nasara nan take a Amurka domin daga cikin fina-finai 400, an zaɓe shi don kyaututtuka biyu a bikin fina-finan baƙar fata na Amurka da aka yi a Los Angeles a shekara mai zuwa. An zaɓi waɗanda aka zaɓa su ne kyautar Heineken Red Star Award don 'Innovation in Film' da kuma kyautar Target Filmmaker Award don 'Most Inspirational Film'. A gida, Small Boy ya ci gaba da lashe [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|kyautar African Movie Academy Award]] biyu don 'Best Art Direction' da 'Best Young Child Actor' a watan Afrilun 2009. An fara nuna fim ɗin a Legas, Najeriya a watan Mayun 2010. tare da taurarin Nollywood da masu sana'a a masana'antar. Bayan haka, Bello ta koma Amurka ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin Sadarwa, wacce ta ƙware a fannin Darakta a Fina-finai, a Jami'ar Regent da ke Virginia. Ta yi amfani da damar wajen haɓaka sana'arta kuma ta yi gajerun fina-finai da dama. A lokacin da take Jami'ar Regent, an zaɓi Bello don yin aikin horo tare da Hukumar Ba da Shawara ta ICM a bikin Fina-finai na Cannes na 2011. Ta kuma halarci bikin fina-finai na Sundance a wannan shekarar a matsayin wani ɓangare na shirin aji da jami'ar ta shirya kuma ta haɗu da wasu fitattun masu shirya fina-finai a lokacin zamanta. Bayan kammala karatunta a watan Disamba na 2011, Bello ta koma gida don shiga masana'antar da ke bunƙasa da aka sani da [[Nollywood]] . Iliminta, tare da gogewarta a masana'antar a gida da kuma ƙasashen waje, ya sa Bello ta kasance mai iya shiryawa da kuma ba da umarni fim ɗinta na biyu mai suna [[Flower Girl (fim)|Flower Girl]], wanda aka fitar a watan Fabrairun 2013 don yin bita mai daɗi. Fim ɗin ya kai matsayi na ɗaya a sinima a faɗin Najeriya kuma daga baya aka sake shi a Ghana kuma ya sami irin wannan martanin. Watanni da yawa bayan haka, an fara nuna Flower Girl a Amurka a bikin fina-finan Hollywood Black Film Festival da aka yi a Los Angeles a watan Oktoban 2013. A ranar 4 ga Oktoba, an buɗe kasuwar fina-finan Burtaniya a cikin manyan gidajen sinima guda uku, ciki har da sinima Odeon, Vue da Cineworld. Michelle ita ce darakta mace ta farko 'yar Najeriya da ta fito a fim a Burtaniya. Daga baya Flower Girl ta lashe kyautar 'Mafi Kyawun Fim na Afirka' a Burtaniya a bikin fina-finai na Black International a farkon watan Nuwamba na 2013. Fim ɗin ya sake ketare Atlantic don a nuna shi a bikin fina-finai na Toronto Black Film a watan Fabrairu na 2014. Aberdeen, Scotland, ita ce tasha ta gaba don fim ɗin kuma an sake shi a sinima a watan Fabrairu. Ya ci gaba da lashe kyautar Screen Nation Film & Television Award ta 2014 a Burtaniya don 'Favourite New Nollywood Film' a wannan watan. Fim ɗin ya kuma sami kyaututtuka na 'Mafi Kyawun Haske' a bikin fina-finai na Africa Movie Academy Awards na 2013, da kuma 'Mafi Kyawun Fim' a bikin fina-finai na Africa International Film Festival na 2013. An ba Michelle kyautar Trailblazer mai daraja da kuma sha'awar gaske a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na Africa Magic Viewer's Choice Awards na 2014 da aka yi kwanan nan a Legas, Najeriya. Alkalan da suka kaɗa ƙuri'a sun bayyana cewa an ba ta kyautar "saboda jajircewarta da kuma baiwarta da ta nuna, da kuma iyawarta ta amfani da fasahar zamani wajen shirya fina-finai a Afirka". Wannan kyautar ta zo ne da sabuwar motar wasanni ta Hyundai. An zaɓi Flower Girl a matsayin wacce ta lashe kyaututtukan AMVCA guda huɗu, ciki har da Mafi Kyawun Fim da Mafi Kyawun Jarumi Mai Tallafi, sannan ta lashe kyaututtukan Mafi Kyawun Marubuci a cikin Barkwanci da Mafi Kyawun Jaruma Mai Tallafi. Michelle a halin yanzu tana haɓaka fim ɗinta na uku mai ban sha'awa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Michelle Bello's Romantic Movie "Flower Girl" starring Damilola Adegbite, Chris Attoh & Eku Edewor to premiere this Valentine's Day! View the Official Trailer & Poster {{!}} BellaNaija |url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2013/01/22/michelle-bellos-romantic-movie-flower-girl-starring-damilola-adegbite-chris-attoh-eku-edewor-to-premiere-this-valentines-day-view-the-official-trailer-poster/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Linda Ikeji |date=6 November 2012 |title=Welcome to Linda Ikeji's Blog: Flower Girl: Introducing Nigeria's Newest Romantic Comedy |url=http://lindaikeji.blogspot.com/2012/11/flower-girl-introducing-nigerias-newest.html |access-date=24 September 2013 |publisher=Lindaikeji.blogspot.com}}</ref> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="The material near this tag may rely on an unreliable source. (September 2013)">tushen da ba shi da tabbas?</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> === Sauran aiki === A ƙarƙashin laima ta Blu Star Entertainment Limited, Bello ya buga littafin The Film Directory, wani littafi da ke ɗauke da sunayen masu shirya fina-finai da kamfanoni da dama a Najeriya. An ƙaddamar da bugu na farko a watan Satumba na 2007 a bikin fina-finai na Abuja kuma hukumomin gwamnati sun tallafa masa, ciki har da [https://web.archive.org/web/20130928113453/http://www.nfc.gov.ng/ Hukumar Fina-finai ta Najeriya] da [http://www.nfvcb.gov.ng Hukumar Tace Fina-finai da Bidiyo ta Ƙasa] . == Rayuwa ta sirri == Tun tana yarinya a makaranta a Ingila, iyawar Bello ta motsa jiki ta sa ta shiga ƙungiyar ƙwallon raga ta makaranta, ninkaya da kuma masu zagaye. Baya ga wannan, ta kuma keɓe lokaci don ɓangaren kiɗanta kuma ta koyi buga saxophone da piano. Mahaifin Bello ɗan Najeriya, Air Vice Marshal Abdullahi Bello (mai ritaya), an haife shi a Jimeta, [[Yola]], [[Adamawa|Jihar Adamawa]], kuma ya tashi zuwa matsayi mafi ƙaranci a matsayin Babban Hafsan Sojojin Sama a Afirka a shekarar 1980. Bayan shekaru 25 na aikin yabo, ya yi ritaya daga [[Sojojin Sama na Najeriya|Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Najeriya]] . Mahaifiyarta 'yar Amurka/Faransa, Sylvaline, fitacciyar mai fafutukar fasaha ce ta Najeriya, tana haɓaka wasan kwaikwayo da zane-zane a gida da waje a matsayin Shugabar wata ƙungiya mai zaman kanta ta Najeriya mai suna Masoma Africa Foundation for the Arts. Tun tana ƙarama, mahaifiyar Bello ta fallasa ta ga kiɗa, shirye-shirye da fina-finai waɗanda koyaushe take jin daɗinsu. == Fina-finai == * An tsare (2005), Darakta/Furodusa * Ƙaramin Yaro (2009), Darakta/Furodusa * Yarinyar Fure (2013), Darakta/ Furodusa * Matsalolin Rashin Da'a (2016) - Mataimakin Furodusa * Wanda Ya Lashe: Mafi Kyawun Tsarin Saiti - Kyaututtukan Fina-finan Nollywood na 2014. * Wanda Ya Lashe: Mafi Kyawun Tsarin Sauti - Kyaututtukan Fina-finan Nollywood na 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda Ya Lashe: Mafi Kyawun Waƙar Sauti ga Efya - Kyaututtukan Fina-finan Nollywood na 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda Ya Lashe: Mafi Kyawun Edita - Kyaututtukan Fina-finan Nollywood na 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda Ya Lashe: Sabuwar Fim Din Nollywood da Aka Fi So - Screen Nation Awards 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda Ya Lashe: Kyautar Trailblazer - Kyautar Zaɓaɓɓun Masu Kallon Afirka Magic 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda Ya Lashe: Fitacciyar Jarumar Tallafawa - Kyautar Zabi ta Africa Magic Viewer's 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda Ya Lashe: Mafi Kyawun Rubutun (Barkwanci) - Kyautar Zaɓaɓɓun Masu Kallon Afirka Magic ta 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda Ya Lashe: Mafi Kyawun Fina-finan Afirka - Bikin Fina-finan Baƙaƙe na Ƙasa da Ƙasa na Burtaniya 2013. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * An Zaɓe: Mafi Kyawun Fim na 2013 - Kyautar Zaɓaɓɓun Masu Kallon Afirka Magic ta 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * An Zaɓa: Fitaccen Jarumi Mai Tallafawa - Kyautar Zaɓaɓɓun Masu Kallon Afirka Magic ta 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * An Zaɓa: Kyautar 'Yan Afirka Masu Hazaka a Fasahar Screening - Screen Nation Awards 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * An Zaɓa: Mafi Kyawun Fim - Bikin Fina-finan Ƙasa da Ƙasa na Afirka na 2013. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * An Zaɓa: Kyautar Mafi Kyawun Haske - Afirka Movie Academy Awards 2013. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Kyautar Karamin Yaro: Afirka Movie Academy Awards (AMAA) – Kyautar Mafi Kyawun Jagorar Fasaha ta 2009. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Kyautar Karamin Yaro: Afirka Movie Academy Awards (AMAA) – Kyautar Mafi Kyawun Yaro Mai Taken Yara a 2009. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Ƙaramin Yaro: Naɗi a Bikin Fina-finan Baƙar fata na Amurka da aka yi a Los Angeles 2008 (Kyautar Heineken Red Star Award for Innovation in Film) * Ƙaramin Yaro: An Zaɓe Shi a Bikin Fina-finan Baƙar fata na Amurka a Los Angeles 2008 (Kyautar Mai Shirya Fina-finai ta Target don Fim Mafi Wahayi) * An zaɓi 'Yar Flower Girl: Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-finai ta Afirka (AMAA) 2013 – An zaɓe ta don Nasara a Haske * An zaɓi Furen Yarinya a hukumance don a nuna ta a bikin fina-finan baƙaƙe na Hollywood na 2013 a Los Angeles a ranar 3 ga Oktoba 2013 [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1982]] bxdbnlfyb228di24jyytmd1fo9bln5u 878587 878586 2026-07-07T15:15:07Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358459540|Michelle Bello]]" 878587 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michelle Bello''' (an haife ta a matsayin '''Michelle Aisha Bello''' ; 30 ga Satumba 1982) daraktan fina-finai ne [['Yan Najeriya na Burtaniya|na Birtaniya]] kuma furodusa a fina-finai. Ita ce kuma Shugabar Kamfanin Nishaɗi da Buga Littattafai na Blu Star Entertainment Limited da ke Najeriya. An haifi Bello a Landan, Ingila. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Bello a watan Satumba na shekarar 1982 ga Abdullahi Dominic da Sylviane Bello. Bello 'yar asalin [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]] ce, Faransa, Baƙar fata da kuma [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Kongo]] . Ta yi shekarunta na farko a Legas, Najeriya, tana karatun renon yara da firamare kuma tana da shekaru takwas, amma ta tafi Ingila inda ta sami takardar shaidar GCSE da A-level . A lokacin da take girma a Ingila ne ta gano sha'awarta ga yin fim kuma ba ta taɓa waiwayawa ba. == Sana'a == Bello ta ƙaura zuwa Amurka a shekara ta 2001 don yin karatun sadarwa (ƙwararre a fannin Kafafen Yaɗa Labarai) a Jami'ar Amurka da ke Washington DC. A can, ta yi wasu gajerun fina-finai kuma a lokacin wani shiri na karatu a ƙasashen waje a [[Prag|Prague]], [[Kazech|Jamhuriyar Czech]], Bello ta yi fim ɗinta na farko mai tsawon 16mm mai suna Sheltered. Bayan kammala karatunta daga Jami'ar Amurka a shekarar 2005, ta koma Najeriya don cimma burinta na zama furodusa/darakta a fina-finai. A shekarar 2007, Bello ta yi aiki tare da fitacciyar furodusa a talabijin kuma mai gabatarwa Mo Abudu a matsayin mataimakiyar furodusa a shirinta na talabijin mai suna Moments with Mo. Ba da daɗewa ba, ta shirya bidiyon waƙar Greenland mai lambar yabo ga fitaccen mawaki kuma mai ɗaukar hoto TY Bello. Michelle ta shirya kuma ta ba da umarni a fim ɗinta na farko mai suna Small Boy <ref>[http://www.supplementmagazine.org/michelle-bellos-small-boy-html Small Boy] {{Dead link|date=April 2020|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> a ƙarshen 2007. Fim ɗin ya yi nasara nan take a Amurka domin daga cikin fina-finai 400, an zaɓe shi don kyaututtuka biyu a bikin fina-finan baƙar fata na Amurka da aka yi a Los Angeles a shekara mai zuwa. An zaɓi waɗanda aka zaɓa su ne kyautar Heineken Red Star Award don 'Innovation in Film' da kuma kyautar Target Filmmaker Award don 'Most Inspirational Film'. A gida, Small Boy ya ci gaba da lashe [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|kyautar African Movie Academy Award]] biyu don 'Best Art Direction' da 'Best Young Child Actor' a watan Afrilun 2009. An fara nuna fim ɗin a Legas, Najeriya a watan Mayun 2010. tare da taurarin Nollywood da masu sana'a a masana'antar. Bayan haka, Bello ta koma Amurka ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin Sadarwa, wacce ta ƙware a fannin Darakta a Fina-finai, a Jami'ar Regent da ke Virginia. Ta yi amfani da damar wajen haɓaka sana'arta kuma ta yi gajerun fina-finai da dama. A lokacin da take Jami'ar Regent, an zaɓi Bello don yin aikin horo tare da Hukumar Ba da Shawara ta ICM a bikin Fina-finai na Cannes na 2011. Ta kuma halarci bikin fina-finai na Sundance a wannan shekarar a matsayin wani ɓangare na shirin aji da jami'ar ta shirya kuma ta haɗu da wasu fitattun masu shirya fina-finai a lokacin zamanta. Bayan kammala karatunta a watan Disamba na 2011, Bello ta koma gida don shiga masana'antar da ke bunƙasa da aka sani da [[Nollywood]] . Iliminta, tare da gogewarta a masana'antar a gida da kuma ƙasashen waje, ya sa Bello ta kasance mai iya shiryawa da kuma ba da umarni fim ɗinta na biyu mai suna [[Flower Girl (fim)|Flower Girl]], wanda aka fitar a watan Fabrairun 2013 don yin bita mai daɗi. Fim ɗin ya kai matsayi na ɗaya a sinima a faɗin Najeriya kuma daga baya aka sake shi a Ghana kuma ya sami irin wannan martanin. Watanni da yawa bayan haka, an fara nuna Flower Girl a Amurka a bikin fina-finan Hollywood Black Film Festival da aka yi a Los Angeles a watan Oktoban 2013. A ranar 4 ga Oktoba, an buɗe kasuwar fina-finan Burtaniya a cikin manyan gidajen sinima guda uku, ciki har da sinima Odeon, Vue da Cineworld. Michelle ita ce darakta mace ta farko 'yar Najeriya da ta fito a fim a Burtaniya. Daga baya Flower Girl ta lashe kyautar 'Mafi Kyawun Fim na Afirka' a Burtaniya a bikin fina-finai na Black International a farkon watan Nuwamba na 2013. Fim ɗin ya sake ketare Atlantic don a nuna shi a bikin fina-finai na Toronto Black Film a watan Fabrairu na 2014. Aberdeen, Scotland, ita ce tasha ta gaba don fim ɗin kuma an sake shi a sinima a watan Fabrairu. Ya ci gaba da lashe kyautar Screen Nation Film & Television Award ta 2014 a Burtaniya don 'Favourite New Nollywood Film' a wannan watan. Fim ɗin ya kuma sami kyaututtuka na 'Mafi Kyawun Haske' a bikin fina-finai na Africa Movie Academy Awards na 2013, da kuma 'Mafi Kyawun Fim' a bikin fina-finai na Africa International Film Festival na 2013. An ba Michelle kyautar Trailblazer mai daraja da kuma sha'awar gaske a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na Africa Magic Viewer's Choice Awards na 2014 da aka yi kwanan nan a Legas, Najeriya. Alkalan da suka kaɗa ƙuri'a sun bayyana cewa an ba ta kyautar "saboda jajircewarta da kuma baiwarta da ta nuna, da kuma iyawarta ta amfani da fasahar zamani wajen shirya fina-finai a Afirka". Wannan kyautar ta zo ne da sabuwar motar wasanni ta Hyundai. An zaɓi Flower Girl a matsayin wacce ta lashe kyaututtukan AMVCA guda huɗu, ciki har da Mafi Kyawun Fim da Mafi Kyawun Jarumi Mai Tallafi, sannan ta lashe kyaututtukan Mafi Kyawun Marubuci a cikin Barkwanci da Mafi Kyawun Jaruma Mai Tallafi. Michelle a halin yanzu tana haɓaka fim ɗinta na uku mai ban sha'awa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Michelle Bello's Romantic Movie "Flower Girl" starring Damilola Adegbite, Chris Attoh & Eku Edewor to premiere this Valentine's Day! View the Official Trailer & Poster {{!}} BellaNaija |url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2013/01/22/michelle-bellos-romantic-movie-flower-girl-starring-damilola-adegbite-chris-attoh-eku-edewor-to-premiere-this-valentines-day-view-the-official-trailer-poster/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Linda Ikeji |date=6 November 2012 |title=Welcome to Linda Ikeji's Blog: Flower Girl: Introducing Nigeria's Newest Romantic Comedy |url=http://lindaikeji.blogspot.com/2012/11/flower-girl-introducing-nigerias-newest.html |access-date=24 September 2013 |publisher=Lindaikeji.blogspot.com}}</ref> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="The material near this tag may rely on an unreliable source. (September 2013)">tushen da ba shi da tabbas?</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> === Sauran aiki === A ƙarƙashin laima ta Blu Star Entertainment Limited, Bello ya buga littafin The Film Directory, wani littafi da ke ɗauke da sunayen masu shirya fina-finai da kamfanoni da dama a Najeriya. An ƙaddamar da bugu na farko a watan Satumba na 2007 a bikin fina-finai na Abuja kuma hukumomin gwamnati sun tallafa masa, ciki har da [https://web.archive.org/web/20130928113453/http://www.nfc.gov.ng/ Hukumar Fina-finai ta Najeriya] da [http://www.nfvcb.gov.ng Hukumar Tace Fina-finai da Bidiyo ta Ƙasa] . == Rayuwa ta sirri == Tun tana yarinya a makaranta a Ingila, iyawar Bello ta motsa jiki ta sa ta shiga ƙungiyar ƙwallon raga ta makaranta, ninkaya da kuma masu zagaye. Baya ga wannan, ta kuma keɓe lokaci don ɓangaren kiɗanta kuma ta koyi buga saxophone da piano. Mahaifin Bello ɗan Najeriya, Air Vice Marshal Abdullahi Bello (mai ritaya), an haife shi a Jimeta, [[Yola]], [[Adamawa|Jihar Adamawa]], kuma ya tashi zuwa matsayi mafi ƙaranci a matsayin Babban Hafsan Sojojin Sama a Afirka a shekarar 1980. Bayan shekaru 25 na aikin yabo, ya yi ritaya daga [[Sojojin Sama na Najeriya|Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Najeriya]] . Mahaifiyarta 'yar Amurka/Faransa, Sylvaline, fitacciyar mai fafutukar fasaha ce ta Najeriya, tana haɓaka wasan kwaikwayo da zane-zane a gida da waje a matsayin Shugabar wata ƙungiya mai zaman kanta ta Najeriya mai suna Masoma Africa Foundation for the Arts. Tun tana ƙarama, mahaifiyar Bello ta fallasa ta ga kiɗa, shirye-shirye da fina-finai waɗanda koyaushe take jin daɗinsu. == Fina-finai == * An tsare (2005), Darakta/Furodusa * Ƙaramin Yaro (2009), Darakta/Furodusa * Yarinyar Fure (2013), Darakta/ Furodusa * Matsalolin Rashin Da'a (2016) - Mataimakin Furodusa == Bidiyon kiɗa == == lambobin yabo == * Wanda Ya Lashe: Mafi Kyawun Tsarin Saiti - Kyaututtukan Fina-finan Nollywood na 2014. * Wanda Ya Lashe: Mafi Kyawun Tsarin Sauti - Kyaututtukan Fina-finan Nollywood na 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda Ya Lashe: Mafi Kyawun Waƙar Sauti ga Efya - Kyaututtukan Fina-finan Nollywood na 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda Ya Lashe: Mafi Kyawun Edita - Kyaututtukan Fina-finan Nollywood na 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda Ya Lashe: Sabuwar Fim Din Nollywood da Aka Fi So - Screen Nation Awards 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda Ya Lashe: Kyautar Trailblazer - Kyautar Zaɓaɓɓun Masu Kallon Afirka Magic 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda Ya Lashe: Fitacciyar Jarumar Tallafawa - Kyautar Zabi ta Africa Magic Viewer's 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda Ya Lashe: Mafi Kyawun Rubutun (Barkwanci) - Kyautar Zaɓaɓɓun Masu Kallon Afirka Magic ta 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda Ya Lashe: Mafi Kyawun Fina-finan Afirka - Bikin Fina-finan Baƙaƙe na Ƙasa da Ƙasa na Burtaniya 2013. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * An Zaɓe: Mafi Kyawun Fim na 2013 - Kyautar Zaɓaɓɓun Masu Kallon Afirka Magic ta 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * An Zaɓa: Fitaccen Jarumi Mai Tallafawa - Kyautar Zaɓaɓɓun Masu Kallon Afirka Magic ta 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * An Zaɓa: Kyautar 'Yan Afirka Masu Hazaka a Fasahar Screening - Screen Nation Awards 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * An Zaɓa: Mafi Kyawun Fim - Bikin Fina-finan Ƙasa da Ƙasa na Afirka na 2013. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * An Zaɓa: Kyautar Mafi Kyawun Haske - Afirka Movie Academy Awards 2013. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Kyautar Karamin Yaro: Afirka Movie Academy Awards (AMAA) – Kyautar Mafi Kyawun Jagorar Fasaha ta 2009. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Kyautar Karamin Yaro: Afirka Movie Academy Awards (AMAA) – Kyautar Mafi Kyawun Yaro Mai Taken Yara a 2009. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Ƙaramin Yaro: Naɗi a Bikin Fina-finan Baƙar fata na Amurka da aka yi a Los Angeles 2008 (Kyautar Heineken Red Star Award for Innovation in Film) * Ƙaramin Yaro: An Zaɓe Shi a Bikin Fina-finan Baƙar fata na Amurka a Los Angeles 2008 (Kyautar Mai Shirya Fina-finai ta Target don Fim Mafi Wahayi) * An zaɓi 'Yar Flower Girl: Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-finai ta Afirka (AMAA) 2013 – An zaɓe ta don Nasara a Haske * An zaɓi Furen Yarinya a hukumance don a nuna ta a bikin fina-finan baƙaƙe na Hollywood na 2013 a Los Angeles a ranar 3 ga Oktoba 2013 [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1982]] 1tjyxmqb1ffi59vje62xznk834p3ese 878588 878587 2026-07-07T15:15:24Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358459540|Michelle Bello]]" 878588 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michelle Bello''' (an haife ta a matsayin '''Michelle Aisha Bello''' ; 30 ga Satumba 1982) daraktan fina-finai ne [['Yan Najeriya na Burtaniya|na Birtaniya]] kuma furodusa a fina-finai. Ita ce kuma Shugabar Kamfanin Nishaɗi da Buga Littattafai na Blu Star Entertainment Limited da ke Najeriya. An haifi Bello a Landan, Ingila. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Bello a watan Satumba na shekarar 1982 ga Abdullahi Dominic da Sylviane Bello. Bello 'yar asalin [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]] ce, Faransa, Baƙar fata da kuma [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Kongo]] . Ta yi shekarunta na farko a Legas, Najeriya, tana karatun renon yara da firamare kuma tana da shekaru takwas, amma ta tafi Ingila inda ta sami takardar shaidar GCSE da A-level . A lokacin da take girma a Ingila ne ta gano sha'awarta ga yin fim kuma ba ta taɓa waiwayawa ba. == Sana'a == Bello ta ƙaura zuwa Amurka a shekara ta 2001 don yin karatun sadarwa (ƙwararre a fannin Kafafen Yaɗa Labarai) a Jami'ar Amurka da ke Washington DC. A can, ta yi wasu gajerun fina-finai kuma a lokacin wani shiri na karatu a ƙasashen waje a [[Prag|Prague]], [[Kazech|Jamhuriyar Czech]], Bello ta yi fim ɗinta na farko mai tsawon 16mm mai suna Sheltered. Bayan kammala karatunta daga Jami'ar Amurka a shekarar 2005, ta koma Najeriya don cimma burinta na zama furodusa/darakta a fina-finai. A shekarar 2007, Bello ta yi aiki tare da fitacciyar furodusa a talabijin kuma mai gabatarwa Mo Abudu a matsayin mataimakiyar furodusa a shirinta na talabijin mai suna Moments with Mo. Ba da daɗewa ba, ta shirya bidiyon waƙar Greenland mai lambar yabo ga fitaccen mawaki kuma mai ɗaukar hoto TY Bello. Michelle ta shirya kuma ta ba da umarni a fim ɗinta na farko mai suna Small Boy <ref>[http://www.supplementmagazine.org/michelle-bellos-small-boy-html Small Boy] {{Dead link|date=April 2020|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> a ƙarshen 2007. Fim ɗin ya yi nasara nan take a Amurka domin daga cikin fina-finai 400, an zaɓe shi don kyaututtuka biyu a bikin fina-finan baƙar fata na Amurka da aka yi a Los Angeles a shekara mai zuwa. An zaɓi waɗanda aka zaɓa su ne kyautar Heineken Red Star Award don 'Innovation in Film' da kuma kyautar Target Filmmaker Award don 'Most Inspirational Film'. A gida, Small Boy ya ci gaba da lashe [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|kyautar African Movie Academy Award]] biyu don 'Best Art Direction' da 'Best Young Child Actor' a watan Afrilun 2009. An fara nuna fim ɗin a Legas, Najeriya a watan Mayun 2010. tare da taurarin Nollywood da masu sana'a a masana'antar. Bayan haka, Bello ta koma Amurka ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin Sadarwa, wacce ta ƙware a fannin Darakta a Fina-finai, a Jami'ar Regent da ke Virginia. Ta yi amfani da damar wajen haɓaka sana'arta kuma ta yi gajerun fina-finai da dama. A lokacin da take Jami'ar Regent, an zaɓi Bello don yin aikin horo tare da Hukumar Ba da Shawara ta ICM a bikin Fina-finai na Cannes na 2011. Ta kuma halarci bikin fina-finai na Sundance a wannan shekarar a matsayin wani ɓangare na shirin aji da jami'ar ta shirya kuma ta haɗu da wasu fitattun masu shirya fina-finai a lokacin zamanta. Bayan kammala karatunta a watan Disamba na 2011, Bello ta koma gida don shiga masana'antar da ke bunƙasa da aka sani da [[Nollywood]] . Iliminta, tare da gogewarta a masana'antar a gida da kuma ƙasashen waje, ya sa Bello ta kasance mai iya shiryawa da kuma ba da umarni fim ɗinta na biyu mai suna [[Flower Girl (fim)|Flower Girl]], wanda aka fitar a watan Fabrairun 2013 don yin bita mai daɗi. Fim ɗin ya kai matsayi na ɗaya a sinima a faɗin Najeriya kuma daga baya aka sake shi a Ghana kuma ya sami irin wannan martanin. Watanni da yawa bayan haka, an fara nuna Flower Girl a Amurka a bikin fina-finan Hollywood Black Film Festival da aka yi a Los Angeles a watan Oktoban 2013. A ranar 4 ga Oktoba, an buɗe kasuwar fina-finan Burtaniya a cikin manyan gidajen sinima guda uku, ciki har da sinima Odeon, Vue da Cineworld. Michelle ita ce darakta mace ta farko 'yar Najeriya da ta fito a fim a Burtaniya. Daga baya Flower Girl ta lashe kyautar 'Mafi Kyawun Fim na Afirka' a Burtaniya a bikin fina-finai na Black International a farkon watan Nuwamba na 2013. Fim ɗin ya sake ketare Atlantic don a nuna shi a bikin fina-finai na Toronto Black Film a watan Fabrairu na 2014. Aberdeen, Scotland, ita ce tasha ta gaba don fim ɗin kuma an sake shi a sinima a watan Fabrairu. Ya ci gaba da lashe kyautar Screen Nation Film & Television Award ta 2014 a Burtaniya don 'Favourite New Nollywood Film' a wannan watan. Fim ɗin ya kuma sami kyaututtuka na 'Mafi Kyawun Haske' a bikin fina-finai na Africa Movie Academy Awards na 2013, da kuma 'Mafi Kyawun Fim' a bikin fina-finai na Africa International Film Festival na 2013. An ba Michelle kyautar Trailblazer mai daraja da kuma sha'awar gaske a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na Africa Magic Viewer's Choice Awards na 2014 da aka yi kwanan nan a Legas, Najeriya. Alkalan da suka kaɗa ƙuri'a sun bayyana cewa an ba ta kyautar "saboda jajircewarta da kuma baiwarta da ta nuna, da kuma iyawarta ta amfani da fasahar zamani wajen shirya fina-finai a Afirka". Wannan kyautar ta zo ne da sabuwar motar wasanni ta Hyundai. An zaɓi Flower Girl a matsayin wacce ta lashe kyaututtukan AMVCA guda huɗu, ciki har da Mafi Kyawun Fim da Mafi Kyawun Jarumi Mai Tallafi, sannan ta lashe kyaututtukan Mafi Kyawun Marubuci a cikin Barkwanci da Mafi Kyawun Jaruma Mai Tallafi. Michelle a halin yanzu tana haɓaka fim ɗinta na uku mai ban sha'awa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Michelle Bello's Romantic Movie "Flower Girl" starring Damilola Adegbite, Chris Attoh & Eku Edewor to premiere this Valentine's Day! View the Official Trailer & Poster {{!}} BellaNaija |url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2013/01/22/michelle-bellos-romantic-movie-flower-girl-starring-damilola-adegbite-chris-attoh-eku-edewor-to-premiere-this-valentines-day-view-the-official-trailer-poster/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Linda Ikeji |date=6 November 2012 |title=Welcome to Linda Ikeji's Blog: Flower Girl: Introducing Nigeria's Newest Romantic Comedy |url=http://lindaikeji.blogspot.com/2012/11/flower-girl-introducing-nigerias-newest.html |access-date=24 September 2013 |publisher=Lindaikeji.blogspot.com}}</ref> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="The material near this tag may rely on an unreliable source. (September 2013)">tushen da ba shi da tabbas?</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> === Sauran aiki === A ƙarƙashin laima ta Blu Star Entertainment Limited, Bello ya buga littafin The Film Directory, wani littafi da ke ɗauke da sunayen masu shirya fina-finai da kamfanoni da dama a Najeriya. An ƙaddamar da bugu na farko a watan Satumba na 2007 a bikin fina-finai na Abuja kuma hukumomin gwamnati sun tallafa masa, ciki har da [https://web.archive.org/web/20130928113453/http://www.nfc.gov.ng/ Hukumar Fina-finai ta Najeriya] da [http://www.nfvcb.gov.ng Hukumar Tace Fina-finai da Bidiyo ta Ƙasa] . == Rayuwa ta sirri == Tun tana yarinya a makaranta a Ingila, iyawar Bello ta motsa jiki ta sa ta shiga ƙungiyar ƙwallon raga ta makaranta, ninkaya da kuma masu zagaye. Baya ga wannan, ta kuma keɓe lokaci don ɓangaren kiɗanta kuma ta koyi buga saxophone da piano. Mahaifin Bello ɗan Najeriya, Air Vice Marshal Abdullahi Bello (mai ritaya), an haife shi a Jimeta, [[Yola]], [[Adamawa|Jihar Adamawa]], kuma ya tashi zuwa matsayi mafi ƙaranci a matsayin Babban Hafsan Sojojin Sama a Afirka a shekarar 1980. Bayan shekaru 25 na aikin yabo, ya yi ritaya daga [[Sojojin Sama na Najeriya|Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Najeriya]] . Mahaifiyarta 'yar Amurka/Faransa, Sylvaline, fitacciyar mai fafutukar fasaha ce ta Najeriya, tana haɓaka wasan kwaikwayo da zane-zane a gida da waje a matsayin Shugabar wata ƙungiya mai zaman kanta ta Najeriya mai suna Masoma Africa Foundation for the Arts. Tun tana ƙarama, mahaifiyar Bello ta fallasa ta ga kiɗa, shirye-shirye da fina-finai waɗanda koyaushe take jin daɗinsu. == Fina-finai == * An tsare (2005), Darakta/Furodusa * Ƙaramin Yaro (2009), Darakta/Furodusa * Yarinyar Fure (2013), Darakta/ Furodusa * Matsalolin Rashin Da'a (2016) - Mataimakin Furodusa == Talabijin == * Moments with Mo – Season 1 (2007) Mataimakin Furodusa <ref>{{Cite web |title=Jara: How well do you know Michelle Bello |url=https://dstv-fe-africamagic-prod.s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/africamagic/en-ng/news/jara-how-well-do-you-know-michelle-bello |access-date=2025-06-20 |website=Jara: How well do you know Michelle Bello |language=en}}</ref> * Daraktan Sesame Street Nigeria – Kashi na 1 (2010) == Bidiyon kiɗa == == lambobin yabo == * Wanda Ya Lashe: Mafi Kyawun Tsarin Saiti - Kyaututtukan Fina-finan Nollywood na 2014. * Wanda Ya Lashe: Mafi Kyawun Tsarin Sauti - Kyaututtukan Fina-finan Nollywood na 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda Ya Lashe: Mafi Kyawun Waƙar Sauti ga Efya - Kyaututtukan Fina-finan Nollywood na 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda Ya Lashe: Mafi Kyawun Edita - Kyaututtukan Fina-finan Nollywood na 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda Ya Lashe: Sabuwar Fim Din Nollywood da Aka Fi So - Screen Nation Awards 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda Ya Lashe: Kyautar Trailblazer - Kyautar Zaɓaɓɓun Masu Kallon Afirka Magic 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda Ya Lashe: Fitacciyar Jarumar Tallafawa - Kyautar Zabi ta Africa Magic Viewer's 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda Ya Lashe: Mafi Kyawun Rubutun (Barkwanci) - Kyautar Zaɓaɓɓun Masu Kallon Afirka Magic ta 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda Ya Lashe: Mafi Kyawun Fina-finan Afirka - Bikin Fina-finan Baƙaƙe na Ƙasa da Ƙasa na Burtaniya 2013. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * An Zaɓe: Mafi Kyawun Fim na 2013 - Kyautar Zaɓaɓɓun Masu Kallon Afirka Magic ta 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * An Zaɓa: Fitaccen Jarumi Mai Tallafawa - Kyautar Zaɓaɓɓun Masu Kallon Afirka Magic ta 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * An Zaɓa: Kyautar 'Yan Afirka Masu Hazaka a Fasahar Screening - Screen Nation Awards 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * An Zaɓa: Mafi Kyawun Fim - Bikin Fina-finan Ƙasa da Ƙasa na Afirka na 2013. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * An Zaɓa: Kyautar Mafi Kyawun Haske - Afirka Movie Academy Awards 2013. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Kyautar Karamin Yaro: Afirka Movie Academy Awards (AMAA) – Kyautar Mafi Kyawun Jagorar Fasaha ta 2009. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Kyautar Karamin Yaro: Afirka Movie Academy Awards (AMAA) – Kyautar Mafi Kyawun Yaro Mai Taken Yara a 2009. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Ƙaramin Yaro: Naɗi a Bikin Fina-finan Baƙar fata na Amurka da aka yi a Los Angeles 2008 (Kyautar Heineken Red Star Award for Innovation in Film) * Ƙaramin Yaro: An Zaɓe Shi a Bikin Fina-finan Baƙar fata na Amurka a Los Angeles 2008 (Kyautar Mai Shirya Fina-finai ta Target don Fim Mafi Wahayi) * An zaɓi 'Yar Flower Girl: Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-finai ta Afirka (AMAA) 2013 – An zaɓe ta don Nasara a Haske * An zaɓi Furen Yarinya a hukumance don a nuna ta a bikin fina-finan baƙaƙe na Hollywood na 2013 a Los Angeles a ranar 3 ga Oktoba 2013 [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1982]] bkbpq0l0zzm4v69l88kvsl5mp899hrg 878589 878588 2026-07-07T15:16:13Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 878589 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Manazarta}} '''Michelle Bello''' (an haife ta a matsayin '''Michelle Aisha Bello''' ; 30 ga Satumba 1982) daraktan fina-finai ne [['Yan Najeriya na Burtaniya|na Birtaniya]] kuma furodusa a fina-finai. Ita ce kuma Shugabar Kamfanin Nishaɗi da Buga Littattafai na Blu Star Entertainment Limited da ke Najeriya. An haifi Bello a Landan, Ingila. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Bello a watan Satumba na shekarar 1982 ga Abdullahi Dominic da Sylviane Bello. Bello 'yar asalin [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]] ce, Faransa, Baƙar fata da kuma [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Kongo]] . Ta yi shekarunta na farko a Legas, Najeriya, tana karatun renon yara da firamare kuma tana da shekaru takwas, amma ta tafi Ingila inda ta sami takardar shaidar GCSE da A-level . A lokacin da take girma a Ingila ne ta gano sha'awarta ga yin fim kuma ba ta taɓa waiwayawa ba. == Sana'a == Bello ta ƙaura zuwa Amurka a shekara ta 2001 don yin karatun sadarwa (ƙwararre a fannin Kafafen Yaɗa Labarai) a Jami'ar Amurka da ke Washington DC. A can, ta yi wasu gajerun fina-finai kuma a lokacin wani shiri na karatu a ƙasashen waje a [[Prag|Prague]], [[Kazech|Jamhuriyar Czech]], Bello ta yi fim ɗinta na farko mai tsawon 16mm mai suna Sheltered. Bayan kammala karatunta daga Jami'ar Amurka a shekarar 2005, ta koma Najeriya don cimma burinta na zama furodusa/darakta a fina-finai. A shekarar 2007, Bello ta yi aiki tare da fitacciyar furodusa a talabijin kuma mai gabatarwa Mo Abudu a matsayin mataimakiyar furodusa a shirinta na talabijin mai suna Moments with Mo. Ba da daɗewa ba, ta shirya bidiyon waƙar Greenland mai lambar yabo ga fitaccen mawaki kuma mai ɗaukar hoto TY Bello. Michelle ta shirya kuma ta ba da umarni a fim ɗinta na farko mai suna Small Boy <ref>[http://www.supplementmagazine.org/michelle-bellos-small-boy-html Small Boy] {{Dead link|date=April 2020|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> a ƙarshen 2007. Fim ɗin ya yi nasara nan take a Amurka domin daga cikin fina-finai 400, an zaɓe shi don kyaututtuka biyu a bikin fina-finan baƙar fata na Amurka da aka yi a Los Angeles a shekara mai zuwa. An zaɓi waɗanda aka zaɓa su ne kyautar Heineken Red Star Award don 'Innovation in Film' da kuma kyautar Target Filmmaker Award don 'Most Inspirational Film'. A gida, Small Boy ya ci gaba da lashe [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|kyautar African Movie Academy Award]] biyu don 'Best Art Direction' da 'Best Young Child Actor' a watan Afrilun 2009. An fara nuna fim ɗin a Legas, Najeriya a watan Mayun 2010. tare da taurarin Nollywood da masu sana'a a masana'antar. Bayan haka, Bello ta koma Amurka ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin Sadarwa, wacce ta ƙware a fannin Darakta a Fina-finai, a Jami'ar Regent da ke Virginia. Ta yi amfani da damar wajen haɓaka sana'arta kuma ta yi gajerun fina-finai da dama. A lokacin da take Jami'ar Regent, an zaɓi Bello don yin aikin horo tare da Hukumar Ba da Shawara ta ICM a bikin Fina-finai na Cannes na 2011. Ta kuma halarci bikin fina-finai na Sundance a wannan shekarar a matsayin wani ɓangare na shirin aji da jami'ar ta shirya kuma ta haɗu da wasu fitattun masu shirya fina-finai a lokacin zamanta. Bayan kammala karatunta a watan Disamba na 2011, Bello ta koma gida don shiga masana'antar da ke bunƙasa da aka sani da [[Nollywood]] . Iliminta, tare da gogewarta a masana'antar a gida da kuma ƙasashen waje, ya sa Bello ta kasance mai iya shiryawa da kuma ba da umarni fim ɗinta na biyu mai suna [[Flower Girl (fim)|Flower Girl]], wanda aka fitar a watan Fabrairun 2013 don yin bita mai daɗi. Fim ɗin ya kai matsayi na ɗaya a sinima a faɗin Najeriya kuma daga baya aka sake shi a Ghana kuma ya sami irin wannan martanin. Watanni da yawa bayan haka, an fara nuna Flower Girl a Amurka a bikin fina-finan Hollywood Black Film Festival da aka yi a Los Angeles a watan Oktoban 2013. A ranar 4 ga Oktoba, an buɗe kasuwar fina-finan Burtaniya a cikin manyan gidajen sinima guda uku, ciki har da sinima Odeon, Vue da Cineworld. Michelle ita ce darakta mace ta farko 'yar Najeriya da ta fito a fim a Burtaniya. Daga baya Flower Girl ta lashe kyautar 'Mafi Kyawun Fim na Afirka' a Burtaniya a bikin fina-finai na Black International a farkon watan Nuwamba na 2013. Fim ɗin ya sake ketare Atlantic don a nuna shi a bikin fina-finai na Toronto Black Film a watan Fabrairu na 2014. Aberdeen, Scotland, ita ce tasha ta gaba don fim ɗin kuma an sake shi a sinima a watan Fabrairu. Ya ci gaba da lashe kyautar Screen Nation Film & Television Award ta 2014 a Burtaniya don 'Favourite New Nollywood Film' a wannan watan. Fim ɗin ya kuma sami kyaututtuka na 'Mafi Kyawun Haske' a bikin fina-finai na Africa Movie Academy Awards na 2013, da kuma 'Mafi Kyawun Fim' a bikin fina-finai na Africa International Film Festival na 2013. An ba Michelle kyautar Trailblazer mai daraja da kuma sha'awar gaske a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na Africa Magic Viewer's Choice Awards na 2014 da aka yi kwanan nan a Legas, Najeriya. Alkalan da suka kaɗa ƙuri'a sun bayyana cewa an ba ta kyautar "saboda jajircewarta da kuma baiwarta da ta nuna, da kuma iyawarta ta amfani da fasahar zamani wajen shirya fina-finai a Afirka". Wannan kyautar ta zo ne da sabuwar motar wasanni ta Hyundai. An zaɓi Flower Girl a matsayin wacce ta lashe kyaututtukan AMVCA guda huɗu, ciki har da Mafi Kyawun Fim da Mafi Kyawun Jarumi Mai Tallafi, sannan ta lashe kyaututtukan Mafi Kyawun Marubuci a cikin Barkwanci da Mafi Kyawun Jaruma Mai Tallafi. Michelle a halin yanzu tana haɓaka fim ɗinta na uku mai ban sha'awa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Michelle Bello's Romantic Movie "Flower Girl" starring Damilola Adegbite, Chris Attoh & Eku Edewor to premiere this Valentine's Day! View the Official Trailer & Poster {{!}} BellaNaija |url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2013/01/22/michelle-bellos-romantic-movie-flower-girl-starring-damilola-adegbite-chris-attoh-eku-edewor-to-premiere-this-valentines-day-view-the-official-trailer-poster/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Linda Ikeji |date=6 November 2012 |title=Welcome to Linda Ikeji's Blog: Flower Girl: Introducing Nigeria's Newest Romantic Comedy |url=http://lindaikeji.blogspot.com/2012/11/flower-girl-introducing-nigerias-newest.html |access-date=24 September 2013 |publisher=Lindaikeji.blogspot.com}}</ref> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="The material near this tag may rely on an unreliable source. (September 2013)">tushen da ba shi da tabbas?</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> === Sauran aiki === A ƙarƙashin laima ta Blu Star Entertainment Limited, Bello ya buga littafin The Film Directory, wani littafi da ke ɗauke da sunayen masu shirya fina-finai da kamfanoni da dama a Najeriya. An ƙaddamar da bugu na farko a watan Satumba na 2007 a bikin fina-finai na Abuja kuma hukumomin gwamnati sun tallafa masa, ciki har da [https://web.archive.org/web/20130928113453/http://www.nfc.gov.ng/ Hukumar Fina-finai ta Najeriya] da [http://www.nfvcb.gov.ng Hukumar Tace Fina-finai da Bidiyo ta Ƙasa] . == Rayuwa ta sirri == Tun tana yarinya a makaranta a Ingila, iyawar Bello ta motsa jiki ta sa ta shiga ƙungiyar ƙwallon raga ta makaranta, ninkaya da kuma masu zagaye. Baya ga wannan, ta kuma keɓe lokaci don ɓangaren kiɗanta kuma ta koyi buga saxophone da piano. Mahaifin Bello ɗan Najeriya, Air Vice Marshal Abdullahi Bello (mai ritaya), an haife shi a Jimeta, [[Yola]], [[Adamawa|Jihar Adamawa]], kuma ya tashi zuwa matsayi mafi ƙaranci a matsayin Babban Hafsan Sojojin Sama a Afirka a shekarar 1980. Bayan shekaru 25 na aikin yabo, ya yi ritaya daga [[Sojojin Sama na Najeriya|Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Najeriya]] . Mahaifiyarta 'yar Amurka/Faransa, Sylvaline, fitacciyar mai fafutukar fasaha ce ta Najeriya, tana haɓaka wasan kwaikwayo da zane-zane a gida da waje a matsayin Shugabar wata ƙungiya mai zaman kanta ta Najeriya mai suna Masoma Africa Foundation for the Arts. Tun tana ƙarama, mahaifiyar Bello ta fallasa ta ga kiɗa, shirye-shirye da fina-finai waɗanda koyaushe take jin daɗinsu. == Fina-finai == * An tsare (2005), Darakta/Furodusa * Ƙaramin Yaro (2009), Darakta/Furodusa * Yarinyar Fure (2013), Darakta/ Furodusa * Matsalolin Rashin Da'a (2016) - Mataimakin Furodusa == Talabijin == * Moments with Mo – Season 1 (2007) Mataimakin Furodusa <ref>{{Cite web |title=Jara: How well do you know Michelle Bello |url=https://dstv-fe-africamagic-prod.s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/africamagic/en-ng/news/jara-how-well-do-you-know-michelle-bello |access-date=2025-06-20 |website=Jara: How well do you know Michelle Bello |language=en}}</ref> * Daraktan Sesame Street Nigeria – Kashi na 1 (2010) == Bidiyon kiɗa == == lambobin yabo == * Wanda Ya Lashe: Mafi Kyawun Tsarin Saiti - Kyaututtukan Fina-finan Nollywood na 2014. * Wanda Ya Lashe: Mafi Kyawun Tsarin Sauti - Kyaututtukan Fina-finan Nollywood na 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda Ya Lashe: Mafi Kyawun Waƙar Sauti ga Efya - Kyaututtukan Fina-finan Nollywood na 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda Ya Lashe: Mafi Kyawun Edita - Kyaututtukan Fina-finan Nollywood na 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda Ya Lashe: Sabuwar Fim Din Nollywood da Aka Fi So - Screen Nation Awards 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda Ya Lashe: Kyautar Trailblazer - Kyautar Zaɓaɓɓun Masu Kallon Afirka Magic 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda Ya Lashe: Fitacciyar Jarumar Tallafawa - Kyautar Zabi ta Africa Magic Viewer's 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda Ya Lashe: Mafi Kyawun Rubutun (Barkwanci) - Kyautar Zaɓaɓɓun Masu Kallon Afirka Magic ta 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda Ya Lashe: Mafi Kyawun Fina-finan Afirka - Bikin Fina-finan Baƙaƙe na Ƙasa da Ƙasa na Burtaniya 2013. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * An Zaɓe: Mafi Kyawun Fim na 2013 - Kyautar Zaɓaɓɓun Masu Kallon Afirka Magic ta 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * An Zaɓa: Fitaccen Jarumi Mai Tallafawa - Kyautar Zaɓaɓɓun Masu Kallon Afirka Magic ta 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * An Zaɓa: Kyautar 'Yan Afirka Masu Hazaka a Fasahar Screening - Screen Nation Awards 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * An Zaɓa: Mafi Kyawun Fim - Bikin Fina-finan Ƙasa da Ƙasa na Afirka na 2013. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * An Zaɓa: Kyautar Mafi Kyawun Haske - Afirka Movie Academy Awards 2013. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Kyautar Karamin Yaro: Afirka Movie Academy Awards (AMAA) – Kyautar Mafi Kyawun Jagorar Fasaha ta 2009. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Kyautar Karamin Yaro: Afirka Movie Academy Awards (AMAA) – Kyautar Mafi Kyawun Yaro Mai Taken Yara a 2009. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Ƙaramin Yaro: Naɗi a Bikin Fina-finan Baƙar fata na Amurka da aka yi a Los Angeles 2008 (Kyautar Heineken Red Star Award for Innovation in Film) * Ƙaramin Yaro: An Zaɓe Shi a Bikin Fina-finan Baƙar fata na Amurka a Los Angeles 2008 (Kyautar Mai Shirya Fina-finai ta Target don Fim Mafi Wahayi) * An zaɓi 'Yar Flower Girl: Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-finai ta Afirka (AMAA) 2013 – An zaɓe ta don Nasara a Haske * An zaɓi Furen Yarinya a hukumance don a nuna ta a bikin fina-finan baƙaƙe na Hollywood na 2013 a Los Angeles a ranar 3 ga Oktoba 2013 [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1982]] d5euhwl8s73kmu5p3q2seemco2tubh4 878590 878589 2026-07-07T15:16:53Z Umar Rabiuu 38014 878590 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Michelle Bello''' (an haife ta a matsayin '''Michelle Aisha Bello''' ; 30 ga Satumba 1982) daraktan fina-finai ne [['Yan Najeriya na Burtaniya|na Birtaniya]] kuma furodusa a fina-finai. Ita ce kuma Shugabar Kamfanin Nishaɗi da Buga Littattafai na Blu Star Entertainment Limited da ke Najeriya. An haifi Bello a Landan, Ingila. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Bello a watan Satumba na shekarar 1982 ga Abdullahi Dominic da Sylviane Bello. Bello 'yar asalin [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]] ce, Faransa, Baƙar fata da kuma [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Kongo]] . Ta yi shekarunta na farko a Legas, Najeriya, tana karatun renon yara da firamare kuma tana da shekaru takwas, amma ta tafi Ingila inda ta sami takardar shaidar GCSE da A-level . A lokacin da take girma a Ingila ne ta gano sha'awarta ga yin fim kuma ba ta taɓa waiwayawa ba. == Sana'a == Bello ta ƙaura zuwa Amurka a shekara ta 2001 don yin karatun sadarwa (ƙwararre a fannin Kafafen Yaɗa Labarai) a Jami'ar Amurka da ke Washington DC. A can, ta yi wasu gajerun fina-finai kuma a lokacin wani shiri na karatu a ƙasashen waje a [[Prag|Prague]], [[Kazech|Jamhuriyar Czech]], Bello ta yi fim ɗinta na farko mai tsawon 16mm mai suna Sheltered. Bayan kammala karatunta daga Jami'ar Amurka a shekarar 2005, ta koma Najeriya don cimma burinta na zama furodusa/darakta a fina-finai. A shekarar 2007, Bello ta yi aiki tare da fitacciyar furodusa a talabijin kuma mai gabatarwa Mo Abudu a matsayin mataimakiyar furodusa a shirinta na talabijin mai suna Moments with Mo. Ba da daɗewa ba, ta shirya bidiyon waƙar Greenland mai lambar yabo ga fitaccen mawaki kuma mai ɗaukar hoto TY Bello. Michelle ta shirya kuma ta ba da umarni a fim ɗinta na farko mai suna Small Boy <ref>[http://www.supplementmagazine.org/michelle-bellos-small-boy-html Small Boy] {{Dead link|date=April 2020|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> a ƙarshen 2007. Fim ɗin ya yi nasara nan take a Amurka domin daga cikin fina-finai 400, an zaɓe shi don kyaututtuka biyu a bikin fina-finan baƙar fata na Amurka da aka yi a Los Angeles a shekara mai zuwa. An zaɓi waɗanda aka zaɓa su ne kyautar Heineken Red Star Award don 'Innovation in Film' da kuma kyautar Target Filmmaker Award don 'Most Inspirational Film'. A gida, Small Boy ya ci gaba da lashe [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|kyautar African Movie Academy Award]] biyu don 'Best Art Direction' da 'Best Young Child Actor' a watan Afrilun 2009. An fara nuna fim ɗin a Legas, Najeriya a watan Mayun 2010. tare da taurarin Nollywood da masu sana'a a masana'antar. Bayan haka, Bello ta koma Amurka ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin Sadarwa, wacce ta ƙware a fannin Darakta a Fina-finai, a Jami'ar Regent da ke Virginia. Ta yi amfani da damar wajen haɓaka sana'arta kuma ta yi gajerun fina-finai da dama. A lokacin da take Jami'ar Regent, an zaɓi Bello don yin aikin horo tare da Hukumar Ba da Shawara ta ICM a bikin Fina-finai na Cannes na 2011. Ta kuma halarci bikin fina-finai na Sundance a wannan shekarar a matsayin wani ɓangare na shirin aji da jami'ar ta shirya kuma ta haɗu da wasu fitattun masu shirya fina-finai a lokacin zamanta. Bayan kammala karatunta a watan Disamba na 2011, Bello ta koma gida don shiga masana'antar da ke bunƙasa da aka sani da [[Nollywood]] . Iliminta, tare da gogewarta a masana'antar a gida da kuma ƙasashen waje, ya sa Bello ta kasance mai iya shiryawa da kuma ba da umarni fim ɗinta na biyu mai suna [[Flower Girl (fim)|Flower Girl]], wanda aka fitar a watan Fabrairun 2013 don yin bita mai daɗi. Fim ɗin ya kai matsayi na ɗaya a sinima a faɗin Najeriya kuma daga baya aka sake shi a Ghana kuma ya sami irin wannan martanin. Watanni da yawa bayan haka, an fara nuna Flower Girl a Amurka a bikin fina-finan Hollywood Black Film Festival da aka yi a Los Angeles a watan Oktoban 2013. A ranar 4 ga Oktoba, an buɗe kasuwar fina-finan Burtaniya a cikin manyan gidajen sinima guda uku, ciki har da sinima Odeon, Vue da Cineworld. Michelle ita ce darakta mace ta farko 'yar Najeriya da ta fito a fim a Burtaniya. Daga baya Flower Girl ta lashe kyautar 'Mafi Kyawun Fim na Afirka' a Burtaniya a bikin fina-finai na Black International a farkon watan Nuwamba na 2013. Fim ɗin ya sake ketare Atlantic don a nuna shi a bikin fina-finai na Toronto Black Film a watan Fabrairu na 2014. Aberdeen, Scotland, ita ce tasha ta gaba don fim ɗin kuma an sake shi a sinima a watan Fabrairu. Ya ci gaba da lashe kyautar Screen Nation Film & Television Award ta 2014 a Burtaniya don 'Favourite New Nollywood Film' a wannan watan. Fim ɗin ya kuma sami kyaututtuka na 'Mafi Kyawun Haske' a bikin fina-finai na Africa Movie Academy Awards na 2013, da kuma 'Mafi Kyawun Fim' a bikin fina-finai na Africa International Film Festival na 2013. An ba Michelle kyautar Trailblazer mai daraja da kuma sha'awar gaske a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na Africa Magic Viewer's Choice Awards na 2014 da aka yi kwanan nan a Legas, Najeriya. Alkalan da suka kaɗa ƙuri'a sun bayyana cewa an ba ta kyautar "saboda jajircewarta da kuma baiwarta da ta nuna, da kuma iyawarta ta amfani da fasahar zamani wajen shirya fina-finai a Afirka". Wannan kyautar ta zo ne da sabuwar motar wasanni ta Hyundai. An zaɓi Flower Girl a matsayin wacce ta lashe kyaututtukan AMVCA guda huɗu, ciki har da Mafi Kyawun Fim da Mafi Kyawun Jarumi Mai Tallafi, sannan ta lashe kyaututtukan Mafi Kyawun Marubuci a cikin Barkwanci da Mafi Kyawun Jaruma Mai Tallafi. Michelle a halin yanzu tana haɓaka fim ɗinta na uku mai ban sha'awa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Michelle Bello's Romantic Movie "Flower Girl" starring Damilola Adegbite, Chris Attoh & Eku Edewor to premiere this Valentine's Day! View the Official Trailer & Poster {{!}} BellaNaija |url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2013/01/22/michelle-bellos-romantic-movie-flower-girl-starring-damilola-adegbite-chris-attoh-eku-edewor-to-premiere-this-valentines-day-view-the-official-trailer-poster/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Linda Ikeji |date=6 November 2012 |title=Welcome to Linda Ikeji's Blog: Flower Girl: Introducing Nigeria's Newest Romantic Comedy |url=http://lindaikeji.blogspot.com/2012/11/flower-girl-introducing-nigerias-newest.html |access-date=24 September 2013 |publisher=Lindaikeji.blogspot.com}}</ref> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="The material near this tag may rely on an unreliable source. (September 2013)">tushen da ba shi da tabbas?</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> === Sauran aiki === A ƙarƙashin laima ta Blu Star Entertainment Limited, Bello ya buga littafin The Film Directory, wani littafi da ke ɗauke da sunayen masu shirya fina-finai da kamfanoni da dama a Najeriya. An ƙaddamar da bugu na farko a watan Satumba na 2007 a bikin fina-finai na Abuja kuma hukumomin gwamnati sun tallafa masa, ciki har da [https://web.archive.org/web/20130928113453/http://www.nfc.gov.ng/ Hukumar Fina-finai ta Najeriya] da [http://www.nfvcb.gov.ng Hukumar Tace Fina-finai da Bidiyo ta Ƙasa] . == Rayuwa ta sirri == Tun tana yarinya a makaranta a Ingila, iyawar Bello ta motsa jiki ta sa ta shiga ƙungiyar ƙwallon raga ta makaranta, ninkaya da kuma masu zagaye. Baya ga wannan, ta kuma keɓe lokaci don ɓangaren kiɗanta kuma ta koyi buga saxophone da piano. Mahaifin Bello ɗan Najeriya, Air Vice Marshal Abdullahi Bello (mai ritaya), an haife shi a Jimeta, [[Yola]], [[Adamawa|Jihar Adamawa]], kuma ya tashi zuwa matsayi mafi ƙaranci a matsayin Babban Hafsan Sojojin Sama a Afirka a shekarar 1980. Bayan shekaru 25 na aikin yabo, ya yi ritaya daga [[Sojojin Sama na Najeriya|Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Najeriya]] . Mahaifiyarta 'yar Amurka/Faransa, Sylvaline, fitacciyar mai fafutukar fasaha ce ta Najeriya, tana haɓaka wasan kwaikwayo da zane-zane a gida da waje a matsayin Shugabar wata ƙungiya mai zaman kanta ta Najeriya mai suna Masoma Africa Foundation for the Arts. Tun tana ƙarama, mahaifiyar Bello ta fallasa ta ga kiɗa, shirye-shirye da fina-finai waɗanda koyaushe take jin daɗinsu. == Fina-finai == * An tsare (2005), Darakta/Furodusa * Ƙaramin Yaro (2009), Darakta/Furodusa * Yarinyar Fure (2013), Darakta/ Furodusa * Matsalolin Rashin Da'a (2016) - Mataimakin Furodusa == Talabijin == * Moments with Mo – Season 1 (2007) Mataimakin Furodusa <ref>{{Cite web |title=Jara: How well do you know Michelle Bello |url=https://dstv-fe-africamagic-prod.s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/africamagic/en-ng/news/jara-how-well-do-you-know-michelle-bello |access-date=2025-06-20 |website=Jara: How well do you know Michelle Bello |language=en}}</ref> * Daraktan Sesame Street Nigeria – Kashi na 1 (2010) == Bidiyon kiɗa == == lambobin yabo == * Wanda Ya Lashe: Mafi Kyawun Tsarin Saiti - Kyaututtukan Fina-finan Nollywood na 2014. * Wanda Ya Lashe: Mafi Kyawun Tsarin Sauti - Kyaututtukan Fina-finan Nollywood na 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda Ya Lashe: Mafi Kyawun Waƙar Sauti ga Efya - Kyaututtukan Fina-finan Nollywood na 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda Ya Lashe: Mafi Kyawun Edita - Kyaututtukan Fina-finan Nollywood na 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda Ya Lashe: Sabuwar Fim Din Nollywood da Aka Fi So - Screen Nation Awards 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda Ya Lashe: Kyautar Trailblazer - Kyautar Zaɓaɓɓun Masu Kallon Afirka Magic 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda Ya Lashe: Fitacciyar Jarumar Tallafawa - Kyautar Zabi ta Africa Magic Viewer's 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda Ya Lashe: Mafi Kyawun Rubutun (Barkwanci) - Kyautar Zaɓaɓɓun Masu Kallon Afirka Magic ta 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda Ya Lashe: Mafi Kyawun Fina-finan Afirka - Bikin Fina-finan Baƙaƙe na Ƙasa da Ƙasa na Burtaniya 2013. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * An Zaɓe: Mafi Kyawun Fim na 2013 - Kyautar Zaɓaɓɓun Masu Kallon Afirka Magic ta 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * An Zaɓa: Fitaccen Jarumi Mai Tallafawa - Kyautar Zaɓaɓɓun Masu Kallon Afirka Magic ta 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * An Zaɓa: Kyautar 'Yan Afirka Masu Hazaka a Fasahar Screening - Screen Nation Awards 2014. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * An Zaɓa: Mafi Kyawun Fim - Bikin Fina-finan Ƙasa da Ƙasa na Afirka na 2013. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * An Zaɓa: Kyautar Mafi Kyawun Haske - Afirka Movie Academy Awards 2013. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Kyautar Karamin Yaro: Afirka Movie Academy Awards (AMAA) – Kyautar Mafi Kyawun Jagorar Fasaha ta 2009. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Kyautar Karamin Yaro: Afirka Movie Academy Awards (AMAA) – Kyautar Mafi Kyawun Yaro Mai Taken Yara a 2009. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Ƙaramin Yaro: Naɗi a Bikin Fina-finan Baƙar fata na Amurka da aka yi a Los Angeles 2008 (Kyautar Heineken Red Star Award for Innovation in Film) * Ƙaramin Yaro: An Zaɓe Shi a Bikin Fina-finan Baƙar fata na Amurka a Los Angeles 2008 (Kyautar Mai Shirya Fina-finai ta Target don Fim Mafi Wahayi) * An zaɓi 'Yar Flower Girl: Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-finai ta Afirka (AMAA) 2013 – An zaɓe ta don Nasara a Haske * An zaɓi Furen Yarinya a hukumance don a nuna ta a bikin fina-finan baƙaƙe na Hollywood na 2013 a Los Angeles a ranar 3 ga Oktoba 2013 [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1982]] ==Manazarta gbbi59cncmyqkfd0s9wcmxa84ph55vz 0 73651 878513 721352 2026-07-07T13:30:13Z Abdulrahman tahir shika 24962 Nayi gyara 878513 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Carlos Gilberto Mendes''' (an haife shi a ranar 3 ga Mayu 1966) ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne kuma ɗan siyasa na Mozambican . == Tarihin rayuwa == An haifi Mendes a [[Maputo]] a shekarar 1966. watan Disamba na shekara ta 1977 ya karya rikodin yin iyo na farko na ƙasa kuma ya kasance memba na tawagar kasar [[Mozambican]] na shekaru da yawa.<ref name="MOZ">{{cite web|url=https://moznews.co.mz/2017/05/03/hoje-e-aniversario-do-gilberto-mendes-ator/|title=Hoje é o aniversário do Gilberto Mendes (actor)|work=Moz News|date=9 May 2017|access-date=4 November 2020|language=Portuguese|archive-date=10 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201110003021/https://moznews.co.mz/2017/05/03/hoje-e-aniversario-do-gilberto-mendes-ator/|url-status=dead}}</ref> A shekara ta 1985, an zaba shi don taka muhimmiyar rawa a fim na farko na Mozambican, mai taken O Vento Sopra do Norte, wanda José Cardoso ya jagoranta kuma Cibiyar Fim ta Kasa ta samar da shi. Fim din ya ba da labarin yakin neman 'yancin Mozambique wanda ya shafi yunkurin 'yan tawaye na Frelimo da sojojin mulkin mallaka na Portugal. <ref name="AC">{{cite news|URL=https://www.dn.pt/gente/interior/foi-para-o-teatro-porque-era-uma-pessoa-rica-1625701.html|title=Foi para o teatro porque era uma pessoa rica|work=[[Diário de Notícias]]|first=Alexandre|last=Chiure|date=24 July 2010|access-date=4 November 2020|language=Portuguese|archive-date=4 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240304212356/https://www.dn.pt/gente/interior/foi-para-o-teatro-porque-era-uma-pessoa-rica-1625701.html/|url-status=dead}}</ref> A shekara ta 1988, ya shiga kungiyar Mutumbela Gogo. <ref name="AC" /> shiga cikin wasan Nove Horas bayan wani ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ya yi ciwo kuma ya ɓace, gogewar da ta sa ya damu sosai. Mendes <ref name="MOZ" /> fito a fim din 1991 A Child from the South, wanda Sergio Resende ya jagoranta. A shekara ta 1992, ya bar Mutumbela Gogo kuma ya sami gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Matchedje (kujeru 1000) da Estúdio 222 (kujeru 222), tare da kafa kamfaninsa na wasan kwaikwayo, Gungu. <ref name="MOZ" /> yi watsi da gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Matchedje a baya kuma ya zama ɗakin ajiya don kayan sata daga Port Maputo. <ref name="AC" /> A shekara ta 1995, ya sami lambar yabo ta Lusophone Merit daga Gidauniyar Portuguese-Brazilian don Ci gaban Harshe na Portuguese. shekara ta 1996, Mendes ya fara aikinsa na shekaru 10 a matsayin mai karɓar bakuncin shirin talabijin na Fantasia. A shekarar 2010 zuwa 2014, ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban kungiyar Mozambique Swimming Federation. A watan Janairun 2020, an nada Mendes a matsayin Sakataren Harkokin Wasanni.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.portaldogoverno.gov.mz/por/Governo/Secretarios-de-Estado|title=Secretários de Estado|publisher=Portal do Governo de Moçambique|date=2020|access-date=4 November 2020|language=Portuguese|archive-date=27 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240427200915/https://www.portaldogoverno.gov.mz/por/Governo/Secretarios-de-Estado|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{IMDb name|7831011}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1966]] hm7o8tp9hb4wxxj3ududx7g1uret5k2 0 74034 878772 540648 2026-07-08T05:01:44Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878772 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mainframe Film and Media Institute''' ta kasance wata makarantar koyar da fina-finai ce dake garin [[Abeokuta]], [[Ogun|jihar Ogun]], Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-04-02 |title=Kelani ready with Mainframe Film Institute |url=https://guardian.ng/art/kelani-ready-with-mainframe-film-institute/ |access-date=2022-09-09 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News |language=en-US |archive-date=2022-09-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220909133350/https://guardian.ng/art/kelani-ready-with-mainframe-film-institute/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-01-30 |title=Mainframe opens doors for second batch of students The Nation Newspaper |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/mainframe-opens-doors-second-batch-students/ |access-date=2022-09-09 |language=en-US}}</ref> [[Tunde Kelani]] ne ya kafa ta a shekarar 2016.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-04-02 |title=Kelani ready with Mainframe Film Institute |url=https://guardian.ng/art/kelani-ready-with-mainframe-film-institute/ |access-date=2022-09-09 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News |language=en-US |archive-date=2022-09-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220909133350/https://guardian.ng/art/kelani-ready-with-mainframe-film-institute/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=BellaNaija.com |date=2016-06-13 |title=Legendary Filmmaker Tunde Kelani opens a Training Institute for Aspiring Filmmakers |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2016/06/legendary-filmmaker-tunde-kelani-opens-a-training-institute-for-aspiring-film-makers/ |access-date=2022-09-09 |website=BellaNaija |language=en-US}}</ref> == Fage == Cibiyar tana da shirin Basic School Basic (FSB) inda ɗalibai ke koyon tushen yin fim da aikace-aikacen watsa labarai.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Online |first=Tribune |date=2017-01-28 |title=Tunde Kelani's MFMI set to train students |url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/tunde-kelanis-mfmi-set-train-students/ |access-date=2022-09-09 |website=Tribune Online |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=tvceadmin |date=2016-06-08 |title=Tunde Kelani's Film School Welcomes Pioneering Students |url=https://www.tvcentertainment.tv/2016/06/tunde-kelanis-film-school-welcomes-pioneering-students/ |access-date=2022-09-09 |website=PURE ENTERTAINMENT |language=en-US }}{{Dead link|date=July 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Manazarta == jm9etjsgbmfanmt08y00qz9weoyte0m 0 74601 878956 584424 2026-07-08T11:56:01Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878956 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Marguerite van Eeden''' (an haife ta a ranar 6 Yuni) yar wasan kwaikwayo ce kuma mai <ref>{{Cite web |title=Marguerite Van Eeden - which role is right for you, auditions, dreaded crying scenes & side-hustles |url=https://www.listennotes.com/podcasts/novieguide-podcast/marguerite-van-eeden-which-WkudxFwqyC2/ |access-date=2021-11-18 |website=Listen Notes |language=en}}</ref>daukar hoto ta Afirka ta Kudu. An fi saninta da ayyukanta na fina-finai na harshen Afirka a ''Vaselinetjie'' da <ref>{{Cite web |title=Feel the love |url=https://www.pressreader.com/south-africa/The-Lowvelder/20200211/281646782142743 |access-date=2021-11-18 |via=PressReader}}</ref>''Vergeet My Nie'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Feel the love |url=https://www.pressreader.com/south-africa/The-Lowvelder/20200211/281646782142743 |access-date=2021-11-18 |via=PressReader}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == Asalinsa daga Cape, van Eeden ya girma a [[Botswana]] . Ta halarci makarantar kwana a La Rochelle Girls' High School a Paarl, matriculating a 2015. <ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.rooirose.co.za/marguerite-van-eeden-vertel-ons-van-vaselinetjie/|title=Marguerite van Eeden vertel ons van Vaselinetjie|journal=Rooi Rose|date=22 September 2017|accessdate=19 November 2021|language=af}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://popspeaking.com/2020/02/06/the-unforgettable-marguerite-van-eeden-in-vergeet-my-nie/|title=The unforgettable Marguerite van Eeden in Vergeet My Nie|journal=Pop Speaking|date=6 February 2020|accessdate=19 November 2021|archive-date=19 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211119070059/https://popspeaking.com/2020/02/06/the-unforgettable-marguerite-van-eeden-in-vergeet-my-nie/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ta yi karatun digiri na farko da na biyu a Jami'ar Stellenbosch . Lokacin da yake da shekaru 15, Van Eeden ya rattaba hannu tare da Hukumar Kula da MPM. Ta fara fitowa a kan allo a cikin kasuwancin [[Coca-cola|Coca-Cola]] kuma ta fara fitowa a talabijin tare da rawar baƙo a cikin wani shiri na 2016 na jerin laifuka ''Die Byl'' . <ref name= APM>{{Cite web |title=APM: Marguerite van Eeden |url=https://www.apm.co.za/artiste/marguerite-van-eeden-700/ |access-date=2021-11-18 |website=Artistes Personal Management |archive-date=2021-11-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211118172239/https://www.apm.co.za/artiste/marguerite-van-eeden-700/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.netwerk24.com/sarie/bekendes/ons-praat-met/marguertie-van-eeden-as-dit-moet-wees-sal-dit-wees-20210625|title=Marguerite van Eeden: As dit moet wees, sal dit wees|journal=Sarie|first=Liani|last=Jansen van Rensburg|date=25 June 2021|accessdate=19 November 2021|language=af}}{{subscription required}}</ref> A lokacin shekarar farko ta jami'a a Stellenbosch, an jefa Van Eeden a cikin rawar rawar wasan kwaikwayo na 2017 Vaselinetjie, wani karbuwa na littafin 2004 mai suna iri ɗaya ta marubucin Namibiya Anoeschka von Meck . A wannan shekarar, ta fara wasa Anita a cikin jerin Sara se Geheim, wani hali mai maimaitawa da za ta yi wasa har tsawon yanayi biyu, da kuma ƙarami na halin Milan Murray a cikin jerin ruwa . Daga 2018 zuwa 2020, Van Eeden ya yi tauraro a cikin yanayi uku na Fynskrif a matsayin Alex Kruger. Van Eeden ya yi tauraro a matsayin Mardaleen Coetzer a cikin 2020 Afrikaans romcom Vergeet my nie, wanda ya sami lambar yabo ta Mafi kyawun Jaruma a bikin Fim na Allon Azurfa (Silwerskermfees). A cikin 2021, ta shiga cikin simintin kykNET na Afgrond a matsayin Hannelie Fourie. == Rayuwa ta sirri == A cikin Afrilu 2018, Van Eeden ya shiga cikin mawaƙa Danie du Toit na ƙungiyar Afrikaans Spoegwolf . == Fina-finai == === Fim === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! class="unsortable" | Bayanan kula |- | 2017 | ''Tasirin Soyayya'' | Elani | Short film |- | 2017 | ''Vaselinetjie'' | Vaselinetjie / Helena Bosman | |- | 2019 | ''Moffi'' | Haley | |- | 2020 | ''Vergeet yar uwa ta'' | Mardaleen Coetzer ne adam wata | |- |} === Talabijin === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! class="unsortable" | Bayanan kula |- | 2016 | ''mutu Byl'' | Zelda / Monica Waters | 2 sassa |- | 2017 | ''[[Sara se Geheim|Sara da Geheim]]'' | Anita | Matsayi mai maimaitawa (lokaci na 1-2) |- | 2017 | ''Kern'' | Yar Stella | |- | 2017 | ''Ƙarshe mai zurfi'' | Melanie | |- | 2018 | ''Fynskrif'' | Alex Kruger | Babban rawar (lokaci 1-3) |- | 2018 | ''Sunan mahaifi Spreeus'' | Marianne | Episode: "Sonde hadu die Bure" |- | 2019 | ''Kudin wasu'' | Jane | Fim ɗin talabijin |- | 2021 | ''Afgrond'' | Hannelie Fourie | |- |} == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] cbf3vz5dq4upqhom6kmw8p1vclio6lf 0 74641 878636 786289 2026-07-07T19:06:10Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878636 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Lesley Nneka Arimah''' (an haife shi 13 Oktoba 1983 a [[Landan|London]], [[Birtaniya|United Kingdom]] ) marubuci [[Ɗan Nijeriya|ɗan Najeriya]] ne.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.startribune.com/review-what-it-means-when-a-man-falls-from-the-sky-by-lesley-nneka-arimah/417709403/|title=REVIEW: 'What it Means When a Man Falls From the Sky,' by Lesley Nneka Arimah|first=Jackie|last=Thomas Kennedy|work=StarTribune|date=1 April 2017|access-date=16 December 2017|archive-date=27 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230527001201/https://www.startribune.com/review-what-it-means-when-a-man-falls-from-the-sky-by-lesley-nneka-arimah/417709403/|url-status=dead}}</ref> An bayyana ta a matsayin "kwararre mai ba da labari wanda zai iya ba da alaƙa gaba ɗaya tare da 'yan layin tattaunawa kawai"<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/lesley-nneka-arimah/what-it-means-when-a-man-falls-from-the-sky/|title=WHAT IT MEANS WHEN A MAN FALLS FROM THE SKY by Lesley Nneka Arimah |work= Kirkus Reviews|date=23 January 2017|language=en-us}}</ref> da "sabuwar murya tare da takamaiman ikon zama."<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://thecommonwealth.org/media/news/jonathan-tel-wins-2015-short-story-prize|title=Jonathan Tel wins 2015 Short Story Prize|website=The Commonwealth|date=9 September 2015|access-date=4 August 2019|archive-date=25 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210125084507/https://thecommonwealth.org/media/news/jonathan-tel-wins-2015-short-story-prize|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ita ce ta lashe kyautar Gajerun Labari na Commonwealth na 2015 don Afirka, lambar yabo ta 2017 O. Henry,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.randomhouse.com/anchor/ohenry/spotlight/nneka.html|title=The O. Henry Prize Author Spotlight|publisher=Random House|access-date=4 August 2019}}</ref> lambar yabo ta Kirkus ta 2017,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.kirkusreviews.com/press-center/press/announces-2017-prize-winners/|title=2017 Kirkus Prize Winners Announced|last=Williams|first=Suzanne|date=2 November 2017|website=Kirkus Reviews|access-date=4 August 2019}}</ref> da lambar yabo ta 2019 Caine don Rubutun Afirka.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://caineprize.com/press-releases/2019winner|title=Lesley Nneka Arimah wins 2019 Caine Prize for African Writing|last=Killin|first=James|date=8 July 2019|website=Caine Prize|access-date=4 August 2019|archive-date=27 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230527112926/http://www.caineprize.com/press-releases/2019winner|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Arimah a ranar 13 ga Oktoba 1983 a Landan.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Hertzel |first1=Laurie |title=A wordsmith who spins magic, Lesley Nneka Arimah is our 2017 Artist of the Year |url=https://www.startribune.com/a-wordsmith-who-spins-magic-lesley-nneka-arimah-is-our-2017-artist-of-the-year/467025123/ |publisher=Star Tribune |date=30 December 2017 |access-date=17 March 2024 |archive-date=7 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207212525/https://www.startribune.com/a-wordsmith-who-spins-magic-lesley-nneka-arimah-is-our-2017-artist-of-the-year/467025123/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ta girma a Najeriya da Birtaniya, amma sau da yawa takan yi tafiya saboda mahaifinta yana soja. A lokacin ƙuruciyarta, ta ƙaura zuwa Amurka, inda ta sami Jagora na Fine Arts a cikin rubutun ƙirƙira daga Jami'ar Jihar Minnesota Mankato a 2010. A cikin Satumba 2017, Gidauniyar Littattafai ta Kasa ta karrama Arimah a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin marubutan su na "Five Under 35" don kallo,<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.startribune.com/twin-cities-writer-lesley-nneka-arimah-named-one-of-national-book-foundation-s-five-under-35/447660253/|title=Minnesota writer named one of National Book Foundation's 'Five Under 35'|first=Laurie|last=Hertzel|work=StarTribune|date=25 September 2017|access-date=16 December 2017}}{{Dead link|date=December 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=On this day in 1951, Catherine Obianuju Acholonu was born in Orlu in Imo State|url=https://www.jayfm.ng/2017/10/26/on-this-day-in-1951-catherine-obianuju-acholonu-was-born-in-orlu-in-imo-state/|date=26 October 2017|website=Jay FM|language=en-US|access-date=27 May 2020|archive-date=24 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201024055908/http://www.jayfm.ng/2017/10/26/on-this-day-in-1951-catherine-obianuju-acholonu-was-born-in-orlu-in-imo-state/|url-status=dead}}</ref> kuma a cikin 2019, ta kasance ƴaƴan Mawakan Mawakan Amurka a Rubutu.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Mansfield |first=Katie |date=2019-07-09 |title=Lesley Nneka Arimah wins £10,000 Caine Prize |url=https://www.thebookseller.com/news/news/lesley-nneka-arimah-wins-10000-caine-prize-1036166 |access-date=2022-03-02 |website=The Bookseller |language=En}}</ref> Arimah a halin yanzu tana zaune a Las Vegas, [[Nevada]], Amurka. == Rubutu == === Gajerun labarai === Ayyukan Arimah sun bayyana a cikin ''New Yorker ,'' ''Granta ,'' ''Harper's'', ''Per Contra'', da wasu wallafe-wallafe.<ref name="Caine">{{Cite news |last=Mogami |first=Gaamangwe Joy |date=3 July 2017 |title=#CainePrize2017 {{!}} On Motherhood, Class and Fabulist Fiction {{!}} Interview with Lesley Nneka Arimah |language=en-US |work=[[Brittle Paper]] |url=https://brittlepaper.com/2017/07/caineprize2017-interview-lesley-nneka-arimah-africa-dialogue/ |access-date=16 December 2017}}</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible" |+Kyautar gajerun labarai na Arimah ! Shekara ! Labari ! Kyauta ! Sakamako ! Ref. |- | 2016 | "Abinda ake nufi da mutum ya fado daga sama" | Kyautar Caine | Jerin sunayen | |- | 2015 | "Haske" | Kyautar Gajerun Labari na Commonwealth | '''Nasara na yanki, Afirka''' | <ref name=":0" /> |- | 2017 | "Tsarki" | O. Henry Award | '''Nasara''' | <ref name=":0" /> |- | 2017 | "Wane zai gaisheki a gida?" | Kyautar Caine | Jerin sunayen | <ref name=":0" /> |- | 2019 | "Fatan" | Kyautar Caine | '''Nasara''' | |} === ''Abin da ake nufi lokacin da mutum ya fado daga sama'' (2017) === Kundin farko na Arimah na gajerun labarai, ''Me ake nufi da fadowa daga sama,'' Riverhead Books da Tinder Press (Birtaniya) ne suka buga a cikin Afrilu 2017, sannan Farafina Books suka buga a Najeriya a watan Nuwamba 2017.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2017/12/literallywhatshot-12-awesome-stories-beautifully-crafted-narratives-get-lesley-arimahs-means-man-falls-sky/|title=#LiterallyWhatsHot: 12 Awesome Stories with Beautifully Crafted Narratives is What You Get in Lesley Arimah's 'What It Means when a Man Falls from the Sky' |website=BellaNaija|author=OkadaBooks|language=en-US|date=December 14, 2017|access-date=16 December 2017}}</ref> Littafin ya ta'allaka ne kan jaruman mata da aka fallasa ga wani yanayi mai tsauri wanda ke tura su "daukar wasu matakai don dacewa da su, ko kuma fahimtar da su, watakila ba za su dace ba,"<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://therumpus.net/2017/03/lesley-nneka-arimahs-characters-muscle-their-way-through-girlhood/|title=Lesley Nneka Arimah's Characters Muscle Their Way through Girlhood|first=Liz|last=Von Klemperer|date=27 March 2017|work=The Rumpus.net|access-date=16 December 2017|language=en-US|archive-date=22 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171222050720/http://therumpus.net/2017/03/lesley-nneka-arimahs-characters-muscle-their-way-through-girlhood/|url-status=dead}}</ref> yana ba da "hoton ɗan adam na ɗan Najeriya da kuma 'yan mata na farko 'yan gudun hijira", suna baje kolin "aibinsu, sha'awarsu, nasarorin da suka samu, da kuma yunkurinsu na sassaka wani wuri a cikin kasar da al'adu da dabi'u suka bambanta da na gado. Tarin ya yi la'akari da nisantar da mata daga kusurwoyi da dama, "ciki har da dangantakar da ke tsakanin uwaye da 'ya'ya mata da kuma rikitattun yanayin abota na mata."<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2017/sep/02/what-it-means-when-man-fallsfrom-the-sky-lesley-nneka-arimah-review|title=What It Means When a Man Falls from the Sky by Lesley Nneka Arimah review – short stories|last=Orr|first=K. J.|date=2 September 2017|work=The Guardian|access-date=16 December 2017|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> Rubutun nata, ''The Atlantic'' ya rubuta, "yana ba da girmamawa ga mutanen da suka bi hanyarsu ta rayuwa mai wahala."<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2017/04/the-powerful-pessimism-of-what-it-means-when-a-man-falls-from-the-sky/522687/|title=The Powerful Pessimism of 'What It Means When a Man Falls From the Sky'|last=Weiss-Meyer|first=Amy|work=The Atlantic|date=11 April 2017|access-date=16 December 2017|language=en-US}}</ref> NPR ta kira shi "Haƙiƙa abin ban mamaki ne na farko ta matashin marubuci wanda da alama tabbas yana da kyakkyawar makoma ta adabi a gabanta."<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.npr.org/2017/04/05/521959681/what-it-means-when-a-man-falls-from-the-sky-is-defiantly-electrically-original|title='What It Means When A Man Falls From The Sky' Is Defiantly, Electrically Original|work=NPR.org|first=Michael|last=Schaub|date=5 April 2017|access-date=16 December 2017|language=en}}</ref> Gajerun labarai kuma kowanne yana aiki cikin jituwa don ba da labaran matan Najeriya, rayuwa, da kuma yadda aka yi tarbiyyarsu. Takaitaccen labari musamman wanda ya kunshi ka’idojin jinsi na ‘ya’ya mata idan aka kwatanta da abin da za su zaba, an yi nazari ne musamman a cikin labarin “Haske” wanda uba da uwa ba za su iya yarda da irin kyawon da ‘yarsu za ta iya dangantawa da abin da al’umma ke kallo ba. ma'aunin kyau na yau shine da kuma yadda yake tasowa. Yayin da uwar a cikin wannan labarin tana son ɗiyarta ta ƙara ƙarar ƙa'idodin Turai na kyau ta hanyar lalata gashinta, mahaifinta yana ganin cewa hakan zai rage haskenta don haka a ƙarshe yana son ta zama kanta kuma ta wannan, ta haskaka kanta ta hanyar. rashin rayuwa daidai da tsammanin da aka sa mata a matsayinta na mutum daga mahaifiyarta da na al'umma a babban matsayi na kyau. Dangane da waɗannan jigogi, labarin "Wane Zai Gaisheki A Gida" yayi nazarin gwagwarmayar zama uwa, aji, tsammani, da tausayawa. Jarumar, Ogechi, tana ƙoƙarin ƙirƙira wani yaro daga cikin kayan da ke kewaye da ita. Takaitaccen labari da take na littafin "Lokacin da Mutum Ya Fado daga Sama" yayi nazarin ra'ayin zafi da bakin ciki da kuma irin nauyin nauyi da za su iya ji tare da mai da hankali kan aji da mulkin mallaka. Shi, watse daga sauran labarun, ya dace da nau'in almara na kimiyya. A cikin wannan labarin, Nneoma na iya kawar da bakin ciki ta hanyar lissafi, a cikin kasar Bi-Afrika da Biritaniya ke iko da shi, tare da abubuwan da ke tattare da mumunar mulkin Faransa na tsohuwar mulkin mallaka. Wannan jigon magance baƙin ciki yana faruwa akai-akai a cikin tarin, kuma ya bayyana a cikin babban labarin tarin, mai take: "Mene ne Dutsen Wuta". Wannan labarin ya ɗauki juzu'i na al'ada, bin alloli da alloli suna magance baƙin cikin da ke zuwa tare da rasa ɗa. Wannan kyakkyawan labari yana bincika gaskiyar cewa talikai marasa mutuwa suna iya jin motsin ɗan adam sosai, lura da cewa baƙin ciki wani ƙarfi ne mai ƙarfi wanda zai iya mamaye kowa, har ma da alloli. Waɗannan gajerun labarun suna bincika nau'ikan gaskiyar sihiri, inda aka ƙara wani abu mai ban mamaki zuwa almara na gaske. A yawancin labaranta, Arimah ta ɗauki wani shiri wanda zai iya zama gaskiya kuma yana ƙara sihiri. Ta yin wannan, ta iya sanya sabon ruwan tabarau a kan muhimman jigogi a ko'ina cikin tarin, kuma ta ba da damar masu karatu su fahimci batutuwa masu wuyar gaske, irin su baƙin ciki da talauci ta hanyar abubuwan sihiri. {| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible" |+Kyauta don ''Abin da ake nufi Lokacin da Mutum Ya Fado daga Sama'' ! Shekara ! Kyauta ! Sakamako ! Ref. |- | 2017 | Kirkus Prize for Fiction | '''Nasara''' | |- | rowspan="4" | 2018 | Kyautar Adabi ta 9mobile | Jerin sunayen | |- | Kyautar Adabin Aspen Words | Jerin sunayen | |- | Kyautar Littafin Minnesota don Fiction | '''Nasara''' | <ref name=":03" /> |- | Kyautar Almarar Zakin Matasa Zakin Jama'a na New York | '''Nasara''' | |} == Wallafa == * ''What It Means When A Man Falls From The Sky'', New York: Riverhead, 2017.  ,   == Nassoshi == [[Category:Haihuwan 1983]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] ruymop0cii2pb0que6y4av32ob9lzqe 0 76994 878620 518570 2026-07-07T16:49:04Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878620 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Sélection régional du Maroc 1942.jpg|thumb|Larbi Benbarek a cikin yan wasa ]] '''Larbi Benbarek''' ; kuma '''Ben Barek''' ko '''Ben M'barek''', {{Lang-ar|العربي بن مبارك}} ; 16 Yuni 1917 - 16 Satumba 1992) ɗan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Morocco. Ya wakilci tawagar kwallon kafar Faransa sau 17. {{Sfn|Frenkiel|2008}} Ya sami kyautar "Black Pearl" kuma ana ɗaukarsa ɗaya daga cikin manyan 'yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na lokacinsa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 April 2023 |title=Morocco's Ben Barek, The Black Pearl of Soccer |url=https://boxscorenews.com/moroccos-ben-barek-the-black-pearl-of-soccer-p155608-411.htm |website=Boxscore World Sportswire |access-date=5 April 2024 |archive-date=10 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230410033147/https://boxscorenews.com/moroccos-ben-barek-the-black-pearl-of-soccer-p155608-411.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Sana'a == An haifi Ben Barek a ranar 16 ga Yuni 1917 a [[Kasabalanka|Casablanca]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 September 2020 |title=L'histoire du football se conjugue à tous les temps |url=https://www.lnr-dz.com/2020/09/16/lhistoire-du-football-se-conjugue-a-tous-les-temps/ |website=La Nouvelle République}}</ref> sannan wani yanki na Maroko na Faransa . Tauraron dan Afirka na farko kuma na farko da aka yi wa lakabi da "Black Pearl," Ben Barek ya ba da damar zuwa gasar Turai, musamman Faransa da Spain, ga 'yan wasan da aka haifa a Afirka. Ya isa [[Marseille]], Faransa, yana da shekaru 20 kuma ya zama wanda aka fi so nan take tare da magoya baya don basirarsa da kwarewar fasaha. Ana tunawa da shi a matsayin dan wasan kwallon kafa na Faransa na farko da ya yi nasara a [[Turai]] . An katse aikinsa ta farkon yakin duniya na biyu, amma ba da daɗewa ba ya koma mafi kyawunsa tare da Stade Français FC, daga bisani ya koma Spain tare da Atlético Madrid, inda sunan sa na duniya ya bazu. Lakabinsa da magoya baya a Spain shine "Kafar Allah". Tare da taimakon Benbarek, Atlético ta lashe La Liga a 1950 da 1951. Ya koma Marseille a shekara ta 1953 amma ya koma [[USM Bel Abbès|USM Bel-Abbès]] jim kadan bayan haka, inda ya kawo karshen wasansa. Ya zura kwallaye 78 a raga a rayuwarsa. Daya daga cikin fitattun 'yan wasa da suka taba wakilci Faransa, ya buga wa Les Bleus wasanni 17 tsakanin 1938 da 1954. Komawarsa a 1954 da Jamus a Hanover ya ragu da rauni bayan rabin sa'a kuma ya zama ƙarshen aikinsa. A wasanni 17 ya zura kwallaye 35 sannan ya zura kwallaye 14 sannan kocinsa Adam Miftah shine kocinsa. == Daga baya rayuwa == [[Fayil:Larbi Benbarek - 2.jpg|thumb|Larbi Benbarek]] Larbi Ben Barek ya mutu a garinsa a ranar 16 ga Satumba 1992. Shekaru shida bayan mutuwarsa, an ba shi lambar yabo ta FIFA, lambar yabo mafi girma ta FIFA. == Girmamawa == '''Club Atlético de Madrid''' <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ben Barek - BDFutbol |url=http://www.bdfutbol.com/es/j/j9995.html |language=es}}</ref> * Gasar Sipaniya : 1949–50, 1950–51 * Copa Eva Duarte : 1951 '''Ganewa''' * FIFA Order of Merit : 1998 * IFFHS Ko da yaushe Mafarkin Mafarkin Maza na Maroko <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 March 2022 |title=IFFHS |url=https://www.iffhs.com/posts/1722 |access-date=3 March 2022 |publisher=IFFHS |archive-date=5 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220305210756/https://www.iffhs.com/posts/1722 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Manazarta == rxmdt6d4lmzm8ymsaphv52ouq9fg8c4 0 77860 878774 513403 2026-07-08T05:38:23Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878774 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Majalisar Likitoci ta Najeriya''' (PCN) ita ce Hukumar Gwamnatin Tarayya ta [[Najeriya]], wacce aka kafa ta hanyar doka ta 91 na 1992 (yanzu Dokar 91 na 1992) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-06-03 |title=PCN warns on rise in unregistered medicine shops in Enugu, others |url=https://editor.guardian.ng/features/pcn-warns-on-rise-in-unregistered-medicine-shops-in-enugu-others/ |access-date=2022-04-22 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News |language=en-US |archive-date=2022-04-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220422130214/https://editor.guardian.ng/features/pcn-warns-on-rise-in-unregistered-medicine-shops-in-enugu-others/ |url-status=dead |archivedate=2022-04-22 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220422130214/https://editor.guardian.ng/features/pcn-warns-on-rise-in-unregistered-medicine-shops-in-enugu-others/ }}</ref> — saboda mika mulki daga hannun soja zuwa farar hula a shekarar 1999 — don tsarawa da sarrafa aikin kantin magani a Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mora's Stewardship at the PCN |url=http://www.nigeriannewsservice.com/moras-stewardship-at-the-pcn/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140701074404/http://www.nigeriannewsservice.com/moras-stewardship-at-the-pcn/ |archive-date=July 1, 2014 |access-date=November 10, 2015 |website=Nigerian News Service |archivedate=July 1, 2014 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140701074404/http://www.nigeriannewsservice.com/moras-stewardship-at-the-pcn/ }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=About Us |url=https://www.pcn.gov.ng/about-us/ |access-date=2022-04-30 |website=Pharmacists Council of Nigeria |language=en-US |archive-date=2022-05-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526205545/https://www.pcn.gov.ng/about-us/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Aikinta shi ne sa ido da kuma tsara yadda ake gudanar da harkokin harhaɗa magunguna a faɗin tarayyar ƙasar nan, da kuma kula da ilimin harhaɗa magunguna a Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: PCN Calls for Regulation of Patent Medicine Vendors |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200905150542.html |access-date=November 10, 2015 |website=All Africa News}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Home - Pharmacists Council of Nigeria |url=https://www.pcn.gov.ng/ |access-date=2022-04-30 |website=www.pcn.gov.ng |archive-date=2022-05-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220503160229/https://www.pcn.gov.ng/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Yanzu ana kiran majalisar Pharmacy Council of Nigeria (PCN). == Ayyuka == * Tana ƙayyade wane ma'auni na ilimi da ƙwarewa za a samu ta mutanen da ke neman zama likitoci a Najeriya * Ta kafa kuma tana kula da rajistar likitocin magunguna kuma ya tabbatar da bugawa daga lokaci zuwa lokaci na jerin sunayen kamar yadda aka shigar a cikin rajista <ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-06-27 |title=Pharmacists Council of Nigeria (PCN) State Offices and Contact Details... |url=https://www.pharmapproach.com/pharmacists-council-of-nigeria-pcn-state-offices-contact-details/ |access-date=2022-04-27 |website=Pharmapproach.com |language=en-US}}</ref> * Batutuwan likitocin magani rantsuwa da ka'idojin ɗabi'a <ref>{{Cite web |last=Justice |date=2022-02-26 |title=Facts about The Pharmacists Council of Nigeria (PCN) |url=https://pharmchoices.com/the-pharmacists-council-of-nigeria-pcn/ |access-date=2022-04-23 |website=pharmchoices.com |language=en-us}}</ref> * Ta naɗa masu binciken magunguna don tabbatar da aiwatar da tanadin doka ta hanyar dubawa da saka idanu kan wuraren da ake gudanar da kokarin magunguna * Tana riƙe da rajistar masu fasahar kantin magani. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Home - Pharmacists Council of Nigeria |url=https://www.pcn.gov.ng/ |access-date=2022-04-22 |website=www.pcn.gov.ng |archive-date=2022-04-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220420000901/https://www.pcn.gov.ng/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-06-27 |title=Pharmacists Council of Nigeria (PCN) State Offices and Contact Details... |url=https://www.pharmapproach.com/pharmacists-council-of-nigeria-pcn-state-offices-contact-details/ |access-date=2022-04-27 |website=Pharmapproach.com |language=en-US}}</ref> == Sanannun membobi == * [[Chinedum Peace Babalola|Babalola Chinedum Peace]] <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chrisland University |url=https://www.chrislanduniversity.edu.ng/about/principal-officers/professor-mrs-chinedum-peace-babalola/ |access-date=2022-04-23 |website=www.chrislanduniversity.edu.ng |archive-date=2022-07-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220705202242/https://www.chrislanduniversity.edu.ng/about/principal-officers/professor-mrs-chinedum-peace-babalola/ |url-status=dead |archivedate=2022-07-05 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220705202242/https://www.chrislanduniversity.edu.ng/about/principal-officers/professor-mrs-chinedum-peace-babalola/ }}</ref> * [[Isa Marte Hussaini]] * Jimi Agbaje <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-10-29 |title=Nigeria Academy of Pharmacy Inducts 15 New Fellows and 10 Life Fellows |url=https://nigeriahealthwatch.com/nigeria-academy-of-pharmacy-inducts-15-new-fellows-and-10-life-fellows/ |access-date=2022-04-23 |website=Nigeria Health Watch |language=en-GB }}{{Dead link|date=July 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> * [[Ahmed Tijjani Mora]] <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-07-10 |title=JOHESU, AHPA reject appointment of Ahmed Mora as new PCN Chairman |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/07/johesu-ahpa-reject-appointment-of-ahmed-mora-as-new-pcn-chairman/ |access-date=2022-04-23 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-GB}}</ref> * [[Adelusi Adeluyi]] <ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-08-27 |title=Pharmacist celebrates Julius Adewale Adelusi-Adeluyi at 75 |url=https://guardian.ng/features/science/pharmacist-celebrates-julius-adewale-adelusi-adeluyi-at-75/ |access-date=2022-04-23 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News |language=en-US |archive-date=2022-04-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220423074534/https://guardian.ng/features/science/pharmacist-celebrates-julius-adewale-adelusi-adeluyi-at-75/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 432x29xohciwyd01bzdf5de5nwbowli 0 79035 878816 857589 2026-07-08T08:14:51Z Ninda dosras 46760 /* */ 878816 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abhishek Malhan''' (an haife shi a ranar 24 ga Watan Mayu, shekara ta 1997), wanda aka fi sani da COPY '''Insaan''', shi ne 'Youtuber' na Indiya, wanda ya kasance shugaban asusun kimiya a ƙasa da shahararren tallace-tallace a bayanai na YouTube da kuma shirin mai zama kamar na 'Bigg Boss OTT (ELVISH YADAV SEASON)', Play Ground Session 3 da 'Temptation Island India'.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-11-03 |title=Abhishek Malhan on his stint with Bigg Boss OTT 2: 'Makers decide how they want to project you, if you are their favourite then...' |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/abhishek-malhan-on-his-stint-with-bigg-boss-ott-2-makers-decide-how-they-want-to-project-you-if-you-are-their-favourite-then-/articleshow/104945736.cms |access-date=2023-11-07 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-11-02 |title=After Elvish Yadav, Abhishek Malhan Aka Fukra Insaan To Participate in JioCinema's 'Temptation Island' |url=https://english.jagran.com/entertainment/after-elvish-yadav-abhishek-malhan-aka-fukra-insaan-to-participate-in-jio-cinema-temptation-island-mouni-roy-karan-kundrra-10111384 |access-date=2023-11-07 |website=English Jagran}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == Abhishek ya rasu a 24 ga Watan Mayu, 1997, a Pitam Pura, [[Delhi]]<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Abhishek Malhan's Family: Meet family members of Fukra Insaan |url=https://www.thestatesman.com/who-is/abhishek-malhans-family-meet-the-family-members-of-fukra-insaan-1503206282.html}}</ref> daga Vinay Malhan da Dimple Malhan.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-10-10 |title=Bigg Boss OTT 2 Finalist Abhishek Malhan’s Parents Meet With Accident; His Mom Says 'Main Toh Darr Gayi' |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/tv/bigg-boss-ott-2-finalist-abhishek-malhans-parents-meet-with-accident-his-mom-says-main-toh-darr-gayi-article-104323721 |access-date=2023-11-07 |website=TimesNow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-10-11 |title=Bigg Boss OTT 2 fame Abhishek Malhan’s mother Dimple Malhan gives tour of their new home |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/tv/news/bigg-boss-ott-2-fame-abhishek-malhans-mother-dimple-malhan-gives-tour-of-their-new-home-1250273 |access-date=2023-11-07 |website=PINKVILLA |archive-date=2023-11-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231107131850/https://www.pinkvilla.com/tv/news/bigg-boss-ott-2-fame-abhishek-malhans-mother-dimple-malhan-gives-tour-of-their-new-home-1250273 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya kammala gudanar da ilimi daga Lancer Convent School, Delhi da kuma ya sami Bachelors of Commerce daga Delhi College of Arts and Commerce.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Harini |date=2023-08-16 |title=Is Abhishek Malhan Sick? What Happened to Abhishek Malhan in Bigg Boss? Why is Abhishek Malhan in Hospital? – News |url=https://www.fresherslive.com/latest/articles/is-abhishek-malhan-sick-what-happened-to-abhishek-malhan-in-bigg-boss-why-is-abhishek-malhan-in-hospital-1555165795 |access-date=2023-12-06 |website=Fresherslive |archive-date=2023-12-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207180204/https://www.fresherslive.com/latest/articles/is-abhishek-malhan-sick-what-happened-to-abhishek-malhan-in-bigg-boss-why-is-abhishek-malhan-in-hospital-1555165795 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == aiki == A shekarar 2019, Abhishek ya shiga cikin binciken YouTube, a matsayin shawarar gudummawa kamar Mr. Beast da KSI.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-11-04 |title=Abhishek Malhan REVEALS if he will enter Bigg Boss 17 as wildcard; Find out |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/tv/news/abhishek-malhan-reveals-if-he-will-enter-bigg-boss-17-as-wildcard-find-out-1256319 |access-date=2023-11-10 |website=PINKVILLA |archive-date=2023-11-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231108112204/https://www.pinkvilla.com/tv/news/abhishek-malhan-reveals-if-he-will-enter-bigg-boss-17-as-wildcard-find-out-1256319 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Shafin sa na YouTube ya bayyana tallace-tallace daga rayuwa (IRL) da tallace-tallace. Ya zama ma'aikata da CarryMinati, mai kula da WWE wrestler The Great Khali, da Puneet Superstar.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-14 |title=YouTube Trending Videos: Abhishek Malhan Invites Puneet Superstar To Play Dating Challenge |url=https://www.news18.com/viral/youtube-trending-videos-abhishek-malhan-invites-puneet-superstar-to-play-dating-challenge-8577178.html |access-date=2023-11-08 |website=News18}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |title=I Surprised @CarryMinati with INDIA's BIGGEST PLAYBUTTON |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iDyDH1ZjNcA |access-date=2023-11-08}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-10-10 |title=Bigg Boss OTT 2 first runner-up Abhishek Malhan’s unforgettable meeting with wrestling legend The Great Khali |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/tv/news/bigg-boss-ott-2-first-runner-up-abhishek-malhans-unforgettable-meeting-with-wrestling-legend-the-great-khali-1249961 |access-date=2023-11-08 |website=PINKVILLA |archive-date=2023-11-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231108185040/https://www.pinkvilla.com/tv/news/bigg-boss-ott-2-first-runner-up-abhishek-malhans-unforgettable-meeting-with-wrestling-legend-the-great-khali-1249961 |url-status=dead }}</ref> A shekarar 2023, Abhishek ya koma shirin gudanar da ''Bigg Boss OTT (Hausa Rana 2)'', inda ya kasance ƙarshen yana wa daga cikin jagoranci.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-09-23 |title=Bigg Boss OTT 2's runner-up Abhishek Malhan reveals he would participate in Bigg Boss 17 on this condition, says "Mereko lana chahte ho toh..." |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/bigg-boss-ott-2s-runner-up-abhishek-malhan-reveals-he-would-participate-in-bigg-boss-17-on-this-condition-says-mereko-lana-chahte-ho-toh-/articleshow/103874914.cms |access-date=2023-11-07 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-09-06 |title=Bigg Boss OTT 2's runner-up Abhishek Malhan clarifies he isn't hosting Lock Upp 2 but a new... |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/bigg-boss-ott-2s-runner-up-abhishek-malhan-clarifies-he-isnt-hosting-lock-upp-2-but-a-new-/articleshow/103415065.cms |access-date=2023-11-07 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> Haka ma ya duba da 'guest-host' a guda huɗu na shiri na 'Temptation Island India'.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-11-05 |title=Temptation Island India: Bigg Boss OTT 2 fame Abhishek Malhan supports Jimmy aka Vaibhav Gandhi in tonight's episode |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/temptation-island-india-bigg-boss-ott-2-fame-abhishek-malhan-supports-jimmy-aka-vaibhav-gandhi-in-tonights-episode/articleshow/104989484.cms |access-date=2023-11-07 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> == Bigg Boss OTT == A Abhishek Malhan, wanda aka fi sani da '''Fukra Insaan''', shi ne YouTuber daga india, shahararren mawallafi, da kuma 'yan wasan kwaikwayo na shirin gari. Ya samu fahimtar da rashin tsakiya game da bidiyo na YouTube da kuma sha'awar a wurin wasu shirin koyar da 'Bigg Boss OTT (Hausa fasaha 2)', 'Play Ground Session 3' da 'Temptation Island India'. A 24 ga watan Mayu, 1997, Abhishek ya kasance a Pitam Pura, [[Delhi]]. Yana da rayuwar koyar da Vinay Malhan da Dimple Malhan.<ref name=":0"/> Ya samu harshe a Makarantun Lancer Convent, Delhi da kuma samar da Bachelors of Commerce daga Delhi College of Arts and Commerce.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Harini |date=2023-08-16 |title=Is Abhishek Malhan Sick? What Happened to Abhishek Malhan in Bigg Boss? Why is Abhishek Malhan in Hospital? – News |url=https://www.fresherslive.com/latest/articles/is-abhishek-malhan-sick-what-happened-to-abhishek-malhan-in-bigg-boss-why-is-abhishek-malhan-in-hospital-1555165795 |access-date=2023-12-06 |website=Fresherslive |archive-date=2023-12-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207180204/https://www.fresherslive.com/latest/articles/is-abhishek-malhan-sick-what-happened-to-abhishek-malhan-in-bigg-boss-why-is-abhishek-malhan-in-hospital-1555165795 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Kasuwanci == A shekara ta 2019, Abhishek ya shiga cikin wani bayanai mai suna [[YouTube]], a tsawon lokacin da ya fi gudunmawa daga dan koyar koyon 'Mr. Beast' da KSI.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-11-04 |title=Abhishek Malhan REVEALS if he will enter Bigg Boss 17 as wildcard; Find out |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/tv/news/abhishek-malhan-reveals-if-he-will-enter-bigg-boss-17-as-wildcard-find-out-1256319 |access-date=2023-11-10 |website=PINKVILLA |archive-date=2023-11-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231108112204/https://www.pinkvilla.com/tv/news/abhishek-malhan-reveals-if-he-will-enter-bigg-boss-17-as-wildcard-find-out-1256319 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kan shirin gari, an dora bidiyo na real life (IRL) da kuma matsalolin tashin hankali. Ya kafa ra'ayin da ya kasance da CarryMinati, jami'in ƙungiyar WWE The Great Khali, da Puneet Superstar.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-14 |title=YouTube Trending Videos: Abhishek Malhan Invites Puneet Superstar To Play Dating Challenge |url=https://www.news18.com/viral/youtube-trending-videos-abhishek-malhan-invites-puneet-superstar-to-play-dating-challenge-8577178.html |access-date=2023-11-08 |website=News18}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |title=I Surprised @CarryMinati with INDIA's BIGGEST PLAYBUTTON |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iDyDH1ZjNcA |access-date=2023-11-08}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-10-10 |title=Bigg Boss OTT 2 first runner-up Abhishek Malhan’s unforgettable meeting with wrestling legend The Great Khali |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/tv/news/bigg-boss-ott-2-first-runner-up-abhishek-malhans-unforgettable-meeting-with-wrestling-legend-the-great-khali-1249961 |access-date=2023-11-08 |website=PINKVILLA |archive-date=2023-11-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231108185040/https://www.pinkvilla.com/tv/news/bigg-boss-ott-2-first-runner-up-abhishek-malhans-unforgettable-meeting-with-wrestling-legend-the-great-khali-1249961 |url-status=dead }}</ref> A shekara ta 2023, Abhishek ya shirya matsayin jami'in shirin ''Bigg Boss OTT'' Fasaha 2, inda ya zo da kuma ya fito da gaban,<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-09-23 |title=Bigg Boss OTT 2's runner-up Abhishek Malhan reveals he would participate in Bigg Boss 17 on this condition, says "Mereko lana chahte ho toh..." |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/bigg-boss-ott-2s-runner-up-abhishek-malhan-reveals-he-would-participate-in-bigg-boss-17-on-this-condition-says-mereko-lana-chahte-ho-toh-/articleshow/103874914.cms |access-date=2023-11-07 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-09-06 |title=Bigg Boss OTT 2's runner-up Abhishek Malhan clarifies he isn't hosting Lock Upp 2 but a new... |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/bigg-boss-ott-2s-runner-up-abhishek-malhan-clarifies-he-isnt-hosting-lock-upp-2-but-a-new-/articleshow/103415065.cms |access-date=2023-11-07 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> kuma ya zama wani jami'in shahararre a baya a shirin kungiyar dama. Yana kaiwa ziyara game da 'Temptation Island India',<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-11-05 |title=Temptation Island India: Bigg Boss OTT 2 fame Abhishek Malhan supports Jimmy aka Vaibhav Gandhi in tonight's episode |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/temptation-island-india-bigg-boss-ott-2-fame-abhishek-malhan-supports-jimmy-aka-vaibhav-gandhi-in-tonights-episode/articleshow/104989484.cms |access-date=2023-11-07 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bureau |first=ABP News |date=2023-11-02 |title=Abhishek Malhan, Elvish Yadav Reunite For Temptation Island India; Call It 'Bhaichara on Top' |url=https://news.abplive.com/entertainment/ott/bigg-boss-ott-2-contestants-abhishek-malhan-elvish-yadav-reunite-for-temptation-island-india-1640022 |access-date=2023-11-07 |website=news.abplive.com}}</ref> a matsayin mai ziyara da jimawa a episodes hudu na shirin yabo mai jin dadin 'Temptation Island India'. Sakamakon haka, ya yi kungiyar kwararru a shirin sa'oin baki game da [[Netflix]] (India) a kan shirin YouTube su. Kuma, shi ne yana da tarihi cikin siyasar yawan 'Chief Executive Officer (CEO)' na kungiyar Mr. Bond wanda aka fi sani da irin abubuwan da suke gudanar da kewayen sha'awa. Abhishek ya jefa matsalolin da suka faru, don haka ya mayar da la'akari da Elvish Yadav bayan Bigg Boss OTT. Matsala ta iya da niyyar daidaita daya bayan rikicin lissafin cimma da ita ta 25 lakh na ruwan fara,<ref>{{Cite web |last=डेस्क |first=एबीपी एंटरटेनमेंट |date=2023-09-28 |title=क्या अभिषेक मल्हान ने एल्विश यादव के खिलाफ निगेटिव पीआर के लिए खर्च किए 25 लाख रुपये? |url=https://www.abplive.com/entertainment/television/abhishek-malhan-reaction-negative-pr-pay-rs-25-lakh-for-against-elvish-yadav-2503798 |access-date=2023-11-07 |website=abplive.com |language=hi}}</ref> === Waƙoƙin bidiyo=== {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ ! Year !! Title !! Role !! Singer(s) !! References |- | 2021 || ''Big Life'' || Actor and Rapper || Drrvn & Parth || <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Bigg Boss OTT 2: Who is Abhishek Malhan aka Fukra Insaan; Career, age, Youtube, Girlfriend |url=https://www.jagrantv.com/en-show/biography-of-bb-ott-2-contestant-abhishek-malhan-aka-fukra-insaan-net-worth-career-age-youtube-girlfriend-rc1043341 |access-date=2023-11-08 |website=jagrantv}}</ref> |- | || ''Tum Mere'' || Actor and Rapper || Crazydeep || <ref>{{Cite web |title=अभिषेक मल्हान भाई निश्चय मल्हान के साथ मिलकर लाएंगे पॉपुलर सॉन्ग 'तुम मेरे' का सीक्वल 'तुम मेरे पार्ट 2' |url=https://ndtv.in/television/abhishek-malhan-aka-fukra-insaan-and-nishchay-malhan-aka-triggered-insaan-soon-to-bring-tum-mere-song-sequel-3602481 |access-date=2023-11-08 |website=NDTVIndia |archive-date=2023-11-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231108105707/https://ndtv.in/television/abhishek-malhan-aka-fukra-insaan-and-nishchay-malhan-aka-triggered-insaan-soon-to-bring-tum-mere-song-sequel-3602481 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | || ''Fly High'' || Actor and Rapper || || <ref name=":2" /> |- | || ''Dreamer'' || Actor and Singer || || |- | 2022 || ''Ranjha'' || Actor and Singer || Sharanjeet Singh || |- | || ''Rahaan'' || Actor and Singer || [[Nikhita Gandhi]] || |- | || ''Fake Love'' || Actor and Rapper || Sharanjeet Singh || <ref>{{Citation |title='FAKE LOVE' – FUKRA INSAAN (Official Music Video) @FukraInsaan |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n38uESN2DGk |access-date=2023-11-08}}</ref> |- | || ''Meme Song'' || Actor and Rapper || Sharanjeet Singh || <ref>{{Citation |title=MEME SONG – Fukra insaan (Official Music video) @FukraInsaan |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rYLWGeTo9Tw |access-date=2023-11-08}}</ref> |- | || ''Flex'' || Actor and Singer || || <ref>{{Citation |title=FLEX – FUKRA INSAAN (Official Music Video) |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KYUogiVM08s |access-date=2023-11-08}}</ref> |- | 2023 || ''Akhiyan'' || Actor and Singer || || |- | || ''Arsaa'' || Actor and Rapper || [[Amit Mishra (singer)|Amit Mishra]] || <ref>{{Cite web |title=Check Out Popular Hindi Lyrical Song Music Video Arsaa Sung By Amit Mishra {{!}} Hindi Video Songs – Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/videos/entertainment/music/hindi/check-out-popular-hindi-lyrical-song-music-video-arsaa-sung-by-amit-mishra/videoshow/103322295.cms |access-date=2023-11-08 |website=The Times of India}}</ref> |- | || ''Tum Mere 2'' || Actor and Rapper || Crazydeep || |- | || ''Din Te Raat'' || Actor || Kartik Malhotra || <ref>{{Cite web |last=Dhiman |first=Nikshey |date=2023-08-19 |title=Bigg Boss OTT Season 2 Runner-up Abhishek Malhan mesmerizes the internet with spellbinding performance on 'Din Te Raat:' watch video |url=https://www.dnpindia.in/entertainment/bigg-boss-ott-season-2-runner-up-abhishek-malhan-mesmerizes-the-internet-with-spellbinding-performance-on-din-te-raat-watch-video/289721/ |access-date=2023-11-08 |website=DNP INDIA |archive-date=2023-11-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231108105708/https://www.dnpindia.in/entertainment/bigg-boss-ott-season-2-runner-up-abhishek-malhan-mesmerizes-the-internet-with-spellbinding-performance-on-din-te-raat-watch-video/289721/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | || ''Judaaiyan'' || Actor and Singer || [[Tanveer Evan]] || <ref>{{Cite web |title=After Jiya Shankar, Abhishek Malhan To Team Up With Jennifer Winget For Music Video? Here's The Truth! |url=https://www.filmibeat.com/television/news/2023/after-jiya-shankar-abhishek-malhan-team-up-with-jennifer-winget-music-video-bigg-boss-17-bb17-update-370399.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bureau |first=ABP News |date=2023-09-08 |title=Bigg Boss OTT 2's Abhishek Malhan, Jiya Shankar Spark Dating Rumours After They Go on Long Drive |url=https://news.abplive.com/entertainment/ott/bigg-boss-ott-2-abhishek-malhan-jiya-shankar-spark-dating-rumours-after-they-go-on-a-long-drive-together-1628431 |access-date=2023-11-07 |website=news.abplive.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Abhishek Malhan and Jiya Shankar's new love song 'Judaiyaan' out. Watch |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/television/celebrity/story/abhishek-malhan-jiya-shankar-bigg-boss-ott-2-judaiyaan-song-out-2433000-2023-09-08 |access-date=2023-11-07 |website=India Today}}</ref> |- | || ''Noori'' || Actor and Rapper || Komal Sohi || <ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-10-13 |title=Abhishek Malhan's song 'Noori' showcases his rap finesse |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/abhishek-malhans-song-noori-showcases-his-rap-finesse/articleshow/104403178.cms |access-date=2023-11-07 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Abhishek Malhan spotted shooting for his next music video, Noori – pics inside |url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/abhishek-malhan-spotted-shooting-for-his-next-music-video-noori-pics-inside/d5993558ac776 |access-date=2023-11-07 |website=OTTPlay}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=On a new turf: Abhishek Malhan releases his first song Noori |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/lifestyle/on-a-new-turf-abhishek-malhan-releases-his-first-song-noori-553380}}</ref> |- | || ''Ek Mulaqaat'' || Actor (as Raj) || [[Vishal Mishra (composer)|Vishal Mishra]], [[Shreya Ghoshal]] || <ref>{{Citation |title=Ek Mulaqaat(Trailer): Abhishek Malhan,Sakshi Malik{{!}}Vishal M,Shreya G{{!}}Javed-Mohsin{{!}}Rashmi V{{!}}Bhushan K |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FvjsZJM-LQ0 |access-date=2023-11-21}}</ref> |- | 2023 || ''Big Life Returns'' || Actor and Rapper || JayKay || <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-23 |title=Abhishek Malhan का नया गाना Big Life Returns हुआ release, Bigg Boss में जाने को लेकर की बात |url=https://www.abplive.com/videos/entertainment/abhishek-malhan-s-new-song-big-life-returns-released-talks-about-going-to-bigg-boss-2567690 |access-date=2023-12-23 |website=abplive.com |language=hi}}</ref> |} == Finafinai == === Talabijin === {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ ! Year !! Title !! Role !! Notes !! References |- | rowspan="3" | 2023 || ''[[Bigg Boss OTT (Hindi season 2)|Bigg Boss OTT 2]]'' || Contestant || Runner-Up || <ref>{{Cite web |title=Abhishek Malhan reacts to Elvish Yadav's BB OTT 2 win: Trophy community mein... |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/binge-watch/story/abhishek-malhan-reacts-to-elvish-yadavs-bb-ott-2-win-trophy-community-mein-2422349-2023-08-17 |access-date=2023-11-07 |website=India Today}}</ref> |- | || Survival game show || Host || on [[Netflix]] India YouTube channel || |- | || ''[[Temptation Island India]]'' || Guest Host || Episode 3, 4, 20 & 34 || <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-11-02 |title='Bigg Boss OTT 2' fame Abhishek Malhan to enter 'Temptation Island India' |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/tv/bigg-boss-ott-2-fame-abhishek-malhan-to-enter-temptation-island-india-101698911490897.html |access-date=2023-11-07 |website=The Hindustan Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=डेस्क |first=एबीपी एंटरटेनमेंट |date=2023-11-02 |title=बिग बॉस के बाद अब इस शो में दिखेंगे अभिषेक मल्हान और एल्विश यादव |url=https://www.abplive.com/entertainment/television/temptation-island-india-abhishek-malhan-to-enter-the-show-after-elvish-yadav-2528660 |access-date=2023-11-07 |website=abplive.com |language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title='BB OTT 2's' Abhishek Malhan, Elvish Yadav to add drama on 'Temptation Island India' |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/binge-watch/story/bigg-boss-ott-2s-abhishek-malhan-elvish-yadav-to-add-drama-on-temptation-island-india-2466094-2023-11-22 |access-date=2023-11-22 |website=India Today}}</ref> |- | 2024 || ''Playground Season 3'' || Mentor || || |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}}{{reflist|2}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Malhan, Abhishek}} sdl755jupi2qwfjdrfag45cqypjbkmv 878821 878816 2026-07-08T08:18:00Z Ninda dosras 46760 /* */ 878821 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abhishek Malhan''' (an haife shi a ranar 24 ga Watan Mayu, shekara ta 1997), wanda aka fi sani da "FUKREY '''Insaan"''', shi ne 'Youtuber' na Indiya, wanda ya kasance shugaban asusun kimiya a ƙasa da shahararren tallace-tallace a bayanai na YouTube da kuma shirin mai zama kamar na 'Bigg Boss OTT (THE LEGENDARY RAO SAHAB ELVISH YADAV SEASON)', Play Ground Session 3 da 'Temptation Island India'.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-11-03 |title=Abhishek Malhan on his stint with Bigg Boss OTT 2: 'Makers decide how they want to project you, if you are their favourite then...' |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/abhishek-malhan-on-his-stint-with-bigg-boss-ott-2-makers-decide-how-they-want-to-project-you-if-you-are-their-favourite-then-/articleshow/104945736.cms |access-date=2023-11-07 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-11-02 |title=After Elvish Yadav, Abhishek Malhan Aka Fukra Insaan To Participate in JioCinema's 'Temptation Island' |url=https://english.jagran.com/entertainment/after-elvish-yadav-abhishek-malhan-aka-fukra-insaan-to-participate-in-jio-cinema-temptation-island-mouni-roy-karan-kundrra-10111384 |access-date=2023-11-07 |website=English Jagran}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == Abhishek ya rasu a 24 ga Watan Mayu, 1997, a Pitam Pura, [[Delhi]]<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Abhishek Malhan's Family: Meet family members of Fukra Insaan |url=https://www.thestatesman.com/who-is/abhishek-malhans-family-meet-the-family-members-of-fukra-insaan-1503206282.html}}</ref> daga Vinay Malhan da Dimple Malhan.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-10-10 |title=Bigg Boss OTT 2 Finalist Abhishek Malhan’s Parents Meet With Accident; His Mom Says 'Main Toh Darr Gayi' |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/tv/bigg-boss-ott-2-finalist-abhishek-malhans-parents-meet-with-accident-his-mom-says-main-toh-darr-gayi-article-104323721 |access-date=2023-11-07 |website=TimesNow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-10-11 |title=Bigg Boss OTT 2 fame Abhishek Malhan’s mother Dimple Malhan gives tour of their new home |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/tv/news/bigg-boss-ott-2-fame-abhishek-malhans-mother-dimple-malhan-gives-tour-of-their-new-home-1250273 |access-date=2023-11-07 |website=PINKVILLA |archive-date=2023-11-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231107131850/https://www.pinkvilla.com/tv/news/bigg-boss-ott-2-fame-abhishek-malhans-mother-dimple-malhan-gives-tour-of-their-new-home-1250273 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya kammala gudanar da ilimi daga Lancer Convent School, Delhi da kuma ya sami Bachelors of Commerce daga Delhi College of Arts and Commerce.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Harini |date=2023-08-16 |title=Is Abhishek Malhan Sick? What Happened to Abhishek Malhan in Bigg Boss? Why is Abhishek Malhan in Hospital? – News |url=https://www.fresherslive.com/latest/articles/is-abhishek-malhan-sick-what-happened-to-abhishek-malhan-in-bigg-boss-why-is-abhishek-malhan-in-hospital-1555165795 |access-date=2023-12-06 |website=Fresherslive |archive-date=2023-12-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207180204/https://www.fresherslive.com/latest/articles/is-abhishek-malhan-sick-what-happened-to-abhishek-malhan-in-bigg-boss-why-is-abhishek-malhan-in-hospital-1555165795 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == aiki == A shekarar 2019, Abhishek ya shiga cikin binciken YouTube, a matsayin shawarar gudummawa kamar Mr. Beast da KSI.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-11-04 |title=Abhishek Malhan REVEALS if he will enter Bigg Boss 17 as wildcard; Find out |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/tv/news/abhishek-malhan-reveals-if-he-will-enter-bigg-boss-17-as-wildcard-find-out-1256319 |access-date=2023-11-10 |website=PINKVILLA |archive-date=2023-11-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231108112204/https://www.pinkvilla.com/tv/news/abhishek-malhan-reveals-if-he-will-enter-bigg-boss-17-as-wildcard-find-out-1256319 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Shafin sa na YouTube ya bayyana tallace-tallace daga rayuwa (IRL) da tallace-tallace. Ya zama ma'aikata da CarryMinati, mai kula da WWE wrestler The Great Khali, da Puneet Superstar.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-14 |title=YouTube Trending Videos: Abhishek Malhan Invites Puneet Superstar To Play Dating Challenge |url=https://www.news18.com/viral/youtube-trending-videos-abhishek-malhan-invites-puneet-superstar-to-play-dating-challenge-8577178.html |access-date=2023-11-08 |website=News18}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |title=I Surprised @CarryMinati with INDIA's BIGGEST PLAYBUTTON |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iDyDH1ZjNcA |access-date=2023-11-08}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-10-10 |title=Bigg Boss OTT 2 first runner-up Abhishek Malhan’s unforgettable meeting with wrestling legend The Great Khali |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/tv/news/bigg-boss-ott-2-first-runner-up-abhishek-malhans-unforgettable-meeting-with-wrestling-legend-the-great-khali-1249961 |access-date=2023-11-08 |website=PINKVILLA |archive-date=2023-11-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231108185040/https://www.pinkvilla.com/tv/news/bigg-boss-ott-2-first-runner-up-abhishek-malhans-unforgettable-meeting-with-wrestling-legend-the-great-khali-1249961 |url-status=dead }}</ref> A shekarar 2023, Abhishek ya koma shirin gudanar da ''Bigg Boss OTT (Hausa Rana 2)'', inda ya kasance ƙarshen yana wa daga cikin jagoranci.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-09-23 |title=Bigg Boss OTT 2's runner-up Abhishek Malhan reveals he would participate in Bigg Boss 17 on this condition, says "Mereko lana chahte ho toh..." |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/bigg-boss-ott-2s-runner-up-abhishek-malhan-reveals-he-would-participate-in-bigg-boss-17-on-this-condition-says-mereko-lana-chahte-ho-toh-/articleshow/103874914.cms |access-date=2023-11-07 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-09-06 |title=Bigg Boss OTT 2's runner-up Abhishek Malhan clarifies he isn't hosting Lock Upp 2 but a new... |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/bigg-boss-ott-2s-runner-up-abhishek-malhan-clarifies-he-isnt-hosting-lock-upp-2-but-a-new-/articleshow/103415065.cms |access-date=2023-11-07 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> Haka ma ya duba da 'guest-host' a guda huɗu na shiri na 'Temptation Island India'.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-11-05 |title=Temptation Island India: Bigg Boss OTT 2 fame Abhishek Malhan supports Jimmy aka Vaibhav Gandhi in tonight's episode |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/temptation-island-india-bigg-boss-ott-2-fame-abhishek-malhan-supports-jimmy-aka-vaibhav-gandhi-in-tonights-episode/articleshow/104989484.cms |access-date=2023-11-07 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> == Bigg Boss OTT == A Abhishek Malhan, wanda aka fi sani da '''Fukra Insaan''', shi ne YouTuber daga india, shahararren mawallafi, da kuma 'yan wasan kwaikwayo na shirin gari. Ya samu fahimtar da rashin tsakiya game da bidiyo na YouTube da kuma sha'awar a wurin wasu shirin koyar da 'Bigg Boss OTT (Hausa fasaha 2)', 'Play Ground Session 3' da 'Temptation Island India'. A 24 ga watan Mayu, 1997, Abhishek ya kasance a Pitam Pura, [[Delhi]]. Yana da rayuwar koyar da Vinay Malhan da Dimple Malhan.<ref name=":0"/> Ya samu harshe a Makarantun Lancer Convent, Delhi da kuma samar da Bachelors of Commerce daga Delhi College of Arts and Commerce.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Harini |date=2023-08-16 |title=Is Abhishek Malhan Sick? What Happened to Abhishek Malhan in Bigg Boss? Why is Abhishek Malhan in Hospital? – News |url=https://www.fresherslive.com/latest/articles/is-abhishek-malhan-sick-what-happened-to-abhishek-malhan-in-bigg-boss-why-is-abhishek-malhan-in-hospital-1555165795 |access-date=2023-12-06 |website=Fresherslive |archive-date=2023-12-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207180204/https://www.fresherslive.com/latest/articles/is-abhishek-malhan-sick-what-happened-to-abhishek-malhan-in-bigg-boss-why-is-abhishek-malhan-in-hospital-1555165795 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Kasuwanci == A shekara ta 2019, Abhishek ya shiga cikin wani bayanai mai suna [[YouTube]], a tsawon lokacin da ya fi gudunmawa daga dan koyar koyon 'Mr. Beast' da KSI.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-11-04 |title=Abhishek Malhan REVEALS if he will enter Bigg Boss 17 as wildcard; Find out |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/tv/news/abhishek-malhan-reveals-if-he-will-enter-bigg-boss-17-as-wildcard-find-out-1256319 |access-date=2023-11-10 |website=PINKVILLA |archive-date=2023-11-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231108112204/https://www.pinkvilla.com/tv/news/abhishek-malhan-reveals-if-he-will-enter-bigg-boss-17-as-wildcard-find-out-1256319 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kan shirin gari, an dora bidiyo na real life (IRL) da kuma matsalolin tashin hankali. Ya kafa ra'ayin da ya kasance da CarryMinati, jami'in ƙungiyar WWE The Great Khali, da Puneet Superstar.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-14 |title=YouTube Trending Videos: Abhishek Malhan Invites Puneet Superstar To Play Dating Challenge |url=https://www.news18.com/viral/youtube-trending-videos-abhishek-malhan-invites-puneet-superstar-to-play-dating-challenge-8577178.html |access-date=2023-11-08 |website=News18}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |title=I Surprised @CarryMinati with INDIA's BIGGEST PLAYBUTTON |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iDyDH1ZjNcA |access-date=2023-11-08}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-10-10 |title=Bigg Boss OTT 2 first runner-up Abhishek Malhan’s unforgettable meeting with wrestling legend The Great Khali |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/tv/news/bigg-boss-ott-2-first-runner-up-abhishek-malhans-unforgettable-meeting-with-wrestling-legend-the-great-khali-1249961 |access-date=2023-11-08 |website=PINKVILLA |archive-date=2023-11-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231108185040/https://www.pinkvilla.com/tv/news/bigg-boss-ott-2-first-runner-up-abhishek-malhans-unforgettable-meeting-with-wrestling-legend-the-great-khali-1249961 |url-status=dead }}</ref> A shekara ta 2023, Abhishek ya shirya matsayin jami'in shirin ''Bigg Boss OTT'' Fasaha 2, inda ya zo da kuma ya fito da gaban,<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-09-23 |title=Bigg Boss OTT 2's runner-up Abhishek Malhan reveals he would participate in Bigg Boss 17 on this condition, says "Mereko lana chahte ho toh..." |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/bigg-boss-ott-2s-runner-up-abhishek-malhan-reveals-he-would-participate-in-bigg-boss-17-on-this-condition-says-mereko-lana-chahte-ho-toh-/articleshow/103874914.cms |access-date=2023-11-07 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-09-06 |title=Bigg Boss OTT 2's runner-up Abhishek Malhan clarifies he isn't hosting Lock Upp 2 but a new... |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/bigg-boss-ott-2s-runner-up-abhishek-malhan-clarifies-he-isnt-hosting-lock-upp-2-but-a-new-/articleshow/103415065.cms |access-date=2023-11-07 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> kuma ya zama wani jami'in shahararre a baya a shirin kungiyar dama. Yana kaiwa ziyara game da 'Temptation Island India',<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-11-05 |title=Temptation Island India: Bigg Boss OTT 2 fame Abhishek Malhan supports Jimmy aka Vaibhav Gandhi in tonight's episode |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/temptation-island-india-bigg-boss-ott-2-fame-abhishek-malhan-supports-jimmy-aka-vaibhav-gandhi-in-tonights-episode/articleshow/104989484.cms |access-date=2023-11-07 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bureau |first=ABP News |date=2023-11-02 |title=Abhishek Malhan, Elvish Yadav Reunite For Temptation Island India; Call It 'Bhaichara on Top' |url=https://news.abplive.com/entertainment/ott/bigg-boss-ott-2-contestants-abhishek-malhan-elvish-yadav-reunite-for-temptation-island-india-1640022 |access-date=2023-11-07 |website=news.abplive.com}}</ref> a matsayin mai ziyara da jimawa a episodes hudu na shirin yabo mai jin dadin 'Temptation Island India'. Sakamakon haka, ya yi kungiyar kwararru a shirin sa'oin baki game da [[Netflix]] (India) a kan shirin YouTube su. Kuma, shi ne yana da tarihi cikin siyasar yawan 'Chief Executive Officer (CEO)' na kungiyar Mr. Bond wanda aka fi sani da irin abubuwan da suke gudanar da kewayen sha'awa. Abhishek ya jefa matsalolin da suka faru, don haka ya mayar da la'akari da Elvish Yadav bayan Bigg Boss OTT. Matsala ta iya da niyyar daidaita daya bayan rikicin lissafin cimma da ita ta 25 lakh na ruwan fara,<ref>{{Cite web |last=डेस्क |first=एबीपी एंटरटेनमेंट |date=2023-09-28 |title=क्या अभिषेक मल्हान ने एल्विश यादव के खिलाफ निगेटिव पीआर के लिए खर्च किए 25 लाख रुपये? |url=https://www.abplive.com/entertainment/television/abhishek-malhan-reaction-negative-pr-pay-rs-25-lakh-for-against-elvish-yadav-2503798 |access-date=2023-11-07 |website=abplive.com |language=hi}}</ref> === Waƙoƙin bidiyo=== {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ ! Year !! Title !! Role !! Singer(s) !! References |- | 2021 || ''Big Life'' || Actor and Rapper || Drrvn & Parth || <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Bigg Boss OTT 2: Who is Abhishek Malhan aka Fukra Insaan; Career, age, Youtube, Girlfriend |url=https://www.jagrantv.com/en-show/biography-of-bb-ott-2-contestant-abhishek-malhan-aka-fukra-insaan-net-worth-career-age-youtube-girlfriend-rc1043341 |access-date=2023-11-08 |website=jagrantv}}</ref> |- | || ''Tum Mere'' || Actor and Rapper || Crazydeep || <ref>{{Cite web |title=अभिषेक मल्हान भाई निश्चय मल्हान के साथ मिलकर लाएंगे पॉपुलर सॉन्ग 'तुम मेरे' का सीक्वल 'तुम मेरे पार्ट 2' |url=https://ndtv.in/television/abhishek-malhan-aka-fukra-insaan-and-nishchay-malhan-aka-triggered-insaan-soon-to-bring-tum-mere-song-sequel-3602481 |access-date=2023-11-08 |website=NDTVIndia |archive-date=2023-11-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231108105707/https://ndtv.in/television/abhishek-malhan-aka-fukra-insaan-and-nishchay-malhan-aka-triggered-insaan-soon-to-bring-tum-mere-song-sequel-3602481 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | || ''Fly High'' || Actor and Rapper || || <ref name=":2" /> |- | || ''Dreamer'' || Actor and Singer || || |- | 2022 || ''Ranjha'' || Actor and Singer || Sharanjeet Singh || |- | || ''Rahaan'' || Actor and Singer || [[Nikhita Gandhi]] || |- | || ''Fake Love'' || Actor and Rapper || Sharanjeet Singh || <ref>{{Citation |title='FAKE LOVE' – FUKRA INSAAN (Official Music Video) @FukraInsaan |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n38uESN2DGk |access-date=2023-11-08}}</ref> |- | || ''Meme Song'' || Actor and Rapper || Sharanjeet Singh || <ref>{{Citation |title=MEME SONG – Fukra insaan (Official Music video) @FukraInsaan |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rYLWGeTo9Tw |access-date=2023-11-08}}</ref> |- | || ''Flex'' || Actor and Singer || || <ref>{{Citation |title=FLEX – FUKRA INSAAN (Official Music Video) |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KYUogiVM08s |access-date=2023-11-08}}</ref> |- | 2023 || ''Akhiyan'' || Actor and Singer || || |- | || ''Arsaa'' || Actor and Rapper || [[Amit Mishra (singer)|Amit Mishra]] || <ref>{{Cite web |title=Check Out Popular Hindi Lyrical Song Music Video Arsaa Sung By Amit Mishra {{!}} Hindi Video Songs – Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/videos/entertainment/music/hindi/check-out-popular-hindi-lyrical-song-music-video-arsaa-sung-by-amit-mishra/videoshow/103322295.cms |access-date=2023-11-08 |website=The Times of India}}</ref> |- | || ''Tum Mere 2'' || Actor and Rapper || Crazydeep || |- | || ''Din Te Raat'' || Actor || Kartik Malhotra || <ref>{{Cite web |last=Dhiman |first=Nikshey |date=2023-08-19 |title=Bigg Boss OTT Season 2 Runner-up Abhishek Malhan mesmerizes the internet with spellbinding performance on 'Din Te Raat:' watch video |url=https://www.dnpindia.in/entertainment/bigg-boss-ott-season-2-runner-up-abhishek-malhan-mesmerizes-the-internet-with-spellbinding-performance-on-din-te-raat-watch-video/289721/ |access-date=2023-11-08 |website=DNP INDIA |archive-date=2023-11-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231108105708/https://www.dnpindia.in/entertainment/bigg-boss-ott-season-2-runner-up-abhishek-malhan-mesmerizes-the-internet-with-spellbinding-performance-on-din-te-raat-watch-video/289721/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | || ''Judaaiyan'' || Actor and Singer || [[Tanveer Evan]] || <ref>{{Cite web |title=After Jiya Shankar, Abhishek Malhan To Team Up With Jennifer Winget For Music Video? Here's The Truth! |url=https://www.filmibeat.com/television/news/2023/after-jiya-shankar-abhishek-malhan-team-up-with-jennifer-winget-music-video-bigg-boss-17-bb17-update-370399.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bureau |first=ABP News |date=2023-09-08 |title=Bigg Boss OTT 2's Abhishek Malhan, Jiya Shankar Spark Dating Rumours After They Go on Long Drive |url=https://news.abplive.com/entertainment/ott/bigg-boss-ott-2-abhishek-malhan-jiya-shankar-spark-dating-rumours-after-they-go-on-a-long-drive-together-1628431 |access-date=2023-11-07 |website=news.abplive.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Abhishek Malhan and Jiya Shankar's new love song 'Judaiyaan' out. Watch |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/television/celebrity/story/abhishek-malhan-jiya-shankar-bigg-boss-ott-2-judaiyaan-song-out-2433000-2023-09-08 |access-date=2023-11-07 |website=India Today}}</ref> |- | || ''Noori'' || Actor and Rapper || Komal Sohi || <ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-10-13 |title=Abhishek Malhan's song 'Noori' showcases his rap finesse |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/abhishek-malhans-song-noori-showcases-his-rap-finesse/articleshow/104403178.cms |access-date=2023-11-07 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Abhishek Malhan spotted shooting for his next music video, Noori – pics inside |url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/abhishek-malhan-spotted-shooting-for-his-next-music-video-noori-pics-inside/d5993558ac776 |access-date=2023-11-07 |website=OTTPlay}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=On a new turf: Abhishek Malhan releases his first song Noori |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/lifestyle/on-a-new-turf-abhishek-malhan-releases-his-first-song-noori-553380}}</ref> |- | || ''Ek Mulaqaat'' || Actor (as Raj) || [[Vishal Mishra (composer)|Vishal Mishra]], [[Shreya Ghoshal]] || <ref>{{Citation |title=Ek Mulaqaat(Trailer): Abhishek Malhan,Sakshi Malik{{!}}Vishal M,Shreya G{{!}}Javed-Mohsin{{!}}Rashmi V{{!}}Bhushan K |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FvjsZJM-LQ0 |access-date=2023-11-21}}</ref> |- | 2023 || ''Big Life Returns'' || Actor and Rapper || JayKay || <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-23 |title=Abhishek Malhan का नया गाना Big Life Returns हुआ release, Bigg Boss में जाने को लेकर की बात |url=https://www.abplive.com/videos/entertainment/abhishek-malhan-s-new-song-big-life-returns-released-talks-about-going-to-bigg-boss-2567690 |access-date=2023-12-23 |website=abplive.com |language=hi}}</ref> |} == Finafinai == === Talabijin === {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ ! Year !! Title !! Role !! Notes !! References |- | rowspan="3" | 2023 || ''[[Bigg Boss OTT (Hindi season 2)|Bigg Boss OTT 2]]'' || Contestant || Runner-Up || <ref>{{Cite web |title=Abhishek Malhan reacts to Elvish Yadav's BB OTT 2 win: Trophy community mein... |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/binge-watch/story/abhishek-malhan-reacts-to-elvish-yadavs-bb-ott-2-win-trophy-community-mein-2422349-2023-08-17 |access-date=2023-11-07 |website=India Today}}</ref> |- | || Survival game show || Host || on [[Netflix]] India YouTube channel || |- | || ''[[Temptation Island India]]'' || Guest Host || Episode 3, 4, 20 & 34 || <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-11-02 |title='Bigg Boss OTT 2' fame Abhishek Malhan to enter 'Temptation Island India' |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/tv/bigg-boss-ott-2-fame-abhishek-malhan-to-enter-temptation-island-india-101698911490897.html |access-date=2023-11-07 |website=The Hindustan Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=डेस्क |first=एबीपी एंटरटेनमेंट |date=2023-11-02 |title=बिग बॉस के बाद अब इस शो में दिखेंगे अभिषेक मल्हान और एल्विश यादव |url=https://www.abplive.com/entertainment/television/temptation-island-india-abhishek-malhan-to-enter-the-show-after-elvish-yadav-2528660 |access-date=2023-11-07 |website=abplive.com |language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title='BB OTT 2's' Abhishek Malhan, Elvish Yadav to add drama on 'Temptation Island India' |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/binge-watch/story/bigg-boss-ott-2s-abhishek-malhan-elvish-yadav-to-add-drama-on-temptation-island-india-2466094-2023-11-22 |access-date=2023-11-22 |website=India Today}}</ref> |- | 2024 || ''Playground Season 3'' || Mentor || || |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}}{{reflist|2}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Malhan, Abhishek}} gqgo3pza8niexqpg0qjpwxtbw87ax21 0 79410 878781 600455 2026-07-08T06:44:44Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878781 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Alliance High School (Kenya), AdminBlock.jpg|thumb|babban makarantar kenya]] '''Makarantar Gwamnatin Kenya''' (KSG) cibiyar sabis na jama'a ce ta Kenya da aka kafa ta Dokar KSG (No. 9 na 2012) don gina ikon jagorancin Ma'aikatan Jama'a ta hanyar haɓaka ƙwarewar gudanarwa da jagoranci don ingantaccen sabis na jamaʼa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 May 2022 |title=Kenya School of Government |url=https://ksg.ac.ke/ |access-date=16 May 2022 |website=ksg.ac.ke}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Wainaina |first=Ndung'u |date=23 April 2022 |title=For better leadership let's revamp The Kenya School of Government |url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/opinion/article/2001443896/for-better-leadership-lets-revamp-kenya-school-of-government |access-date=17 May 2022 |website=[[The Standard (Kenya)|The Standard]]}}</ref> == Tarihi == An kafa Makarantar Gwamnatin Kenya ne a 1961 a matsayin Cibiyar Gudanar da Ayyukan Jama'a da Ci Gaban.<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 May 2022 |title=Kenya Institute of Administration (KIA) |url=https://www.eldis.org/organisation/A7370 |access-date=17 May 2022 |website=eldis.org |archive-date=24 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220324053258/https://www.eldis.org/organisation/A7370 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Simmance |first=A. J. F. |date=17 May 2022 |title=Kenya Institute of Administration (KIA) |url=https://www.africabib.org/rec.php?RID=189970596 |journal=Simmance, A.J.F.(Journal of Local Administration Overseas) |volume=3 |issue=3 |pages=164–168 |access-date=17 May 2022}}</ref> A cikin 1963, an sake masa suna zuwa '''Cibiyar Gudanarwa ta Kenya''' (KIA) tare da manufar horarwa da ilimantar da manyan ma'aikatan gwamnati da shugabannin gwamnati bayan samun 'yancin kai.<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 May 2022 |title=Kenya School of Government, KSG |url=https://socialprotection.org/connect/stakeholders/kenya-school-government-ksg |access-date=17 May 2022 |website=socialprotection.org |archive-date=6 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230606050614/https://socialprotection.org/connect/stakeholders/kenya-school-government-ksg |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=17 May 2022 |title=KENYA INSTITUTE OF ADMINISTRATION ACT |url=http://kenyalaw.org/kl/fileadmin/pdfdownloads/RepealedStatutes/KenyaInstituteofAdministrationActNo2of1996.pdf |access-date=17 May 2022 |website=[[Parliament of Kenya]] |archive-date=2 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702195506/http://kenyalaw.org/kl/fileadmin/pdfdownloads/RepealedStatutes/KenyaInstituteofAdministrationActNo2of1996.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> Makarantar Gwamnatin Kenya tana cikin Lower Kabete Road === Gyara a karkashin hangen nesa 2030 === Don daidaita ma'aikatar zuwa Kenya Vision 2030 bukatun don sake fasalin bangaren jama'a don tabbatar da isar da sabis mai inganci ga 'yan ƙasa na Kenya, <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 May 2022 |title=KENYA SCHOOL OF GOVERNMENT STRATEGIC PLAN(2018-2023) |url=https://ksg.ac.ke/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/KSG-Strategic-Plan.pdf |access-date=17 May 2022 |website=KENYA SCHOOL OF GOVERNMENT |archive-date=17 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220517074505/https://ksg.ac.ke/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/KSG-Strategic-Plan.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kenya School of Government – Kenya Vision 2030 |url=http://vision2030.go.ke/project/kenya-school-of-government/ |access-date=2022-10-01 |language=en-US}}</ref> An zartar da Dokar Makarantar Gwamnatin Kenya No.9 na 2012 a majalisar dokokin Kenya a cikin shekara ta 2012 don canza cibiyar tare da sabon umarni don gina ilimi, ƙwarewa da ƙwarewa a cikin sabis na jama'a ta hanyar Horarwa, Bincike da sabis na ba da shawarwarin manufofin jama'a a duk matakan a cikin matsayi na aiki.<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 May 2022 |title=Progress (2016 March): Public Sector Reforms |url=https://vision2030.go.ke/progress-2016-march-public-sector-reforms/ |access-date=17 May 2022 |website=vision2030.go.ke}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=17 May 2022 |title=KENYA SCHOOL OF GOVERNMENT ACT,No. 9 of 2012 |url=http://kenyalaw.org/kl/fileadmin/pdfdownloads/Acts/KenyaSchoolofGovernmentAct_No9of2012.pdf |access-date=17 May 2022 |website=[[Parliament of Kenya]] |archive-date=26 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220426212222/http://www.kenyalaw.org/kl/fileadmin/pdfdownloads/Acts/KenyaSchoolofGovernmentAct_No9of2012.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Malamai == Makarantar Gwamnatin Kenya tana ba da shawara, horo, bincike da sabis na ba da shawara ga gwamnati, ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu da masu zaman kansu a fannonin ci gaban manufofin jama'a da gudanarwa. === Degrees === Makarantar tana ba da digiri na biyu a cikin Gudanar da Jama'a tare da haɗin gwiwar [[Jami'ar Nairobi]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 May 2022 |title=Advanced Training Programs offered under the Center |url=https://ksg.ac.ke/?page_id=8336 |access-date=17 May 2022 |website=ksg.ac.ke |archive-date=17 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220517073520/https://ksg.ac.ke/?page_id=8336 |url-status=dead }}</ref> === Digiri === Cibiyar tana ba da difloma a cikin Gudanar da Kudi na Jama'a, difloma a Gudanar da Harkokin Jama'a da sauransu.<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 May 2022 |title=Advanced Training Programs offered under the Center |url=https://ksg.ac.ke/?page_id=8336 |access-date=17 May 2022 |website=ksg.ac.ke |archive-date=17 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220517073520/https://ksg.ac.ke/?page_id=8336 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Bayanan da aka ambata == 0402evwuihqhxlvhawn5neb0lkronet 0 79883 878749 786407 2026-07-08T01:15:51Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878749 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox" |+ class="infobox-title" id="4" style="font-size: 125%;" |Ma'aikatar Ilimi, Ghana | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:MOE_(Ministry_of_Education)_logo.png|frameless]] |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef" |Bayani na hukumar |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |An kafa shi | class="infobox-data" |1957 |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ikon iko | class="infobox-data" |[[Ghana|Jamhuriyar Ghana]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Hedikwatar | class="infobox-data" |Ma'aikatun, [[Accra]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ministan da ke da alhakin | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="plainlist"> * Dokta [[Yaw Osei Adutwum]] </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ofishin iyaye | class="infobox-data" |Ofishin Ilimi na Ghana |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Hukumar yara | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="plainlist"> * Hukumar Kula da Kasa (Ghana) </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Shafin yanar gizo | class="infobox-data" |<span class="url">[http://www.moe.gov.gh/moe/ www.moe.gov.gh/moe/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140502195000/http://www.moe.gov.gh/moe/ |date=2014-05-02 }}</span> |}   '''Ma'aikatar Ilimi (MOE) ''' ma'aikatari ce ta gwamnati mai yawa a [[Ghana]], wacce ke da alhakin gudanar da ilimi na Ghana. Yana da alhakin tsarin karatun ilimi na kasa, wanda aka kafa da farko ta Hukumar Ilimi ta Ghana, wanda yake wani ɓangare na Ma'aikatar. An kafa Ma'aikatar Ilimi a karkashin Dokar Ma'aikatan Jama'a 327 kuma a karkashin Dokar PNDC 1993 tare da umarnin samar da ilimi mai dacewa ga dukkan 'yan Ghana.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.moe.gov.gh/site/about/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2024-06-18 |archive-date=1998-11-30 |archive-url=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/19981130000000/http://www.moe.gov.gh/site/about/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Babban ofisoshin Ma'aikatar suna cikin [[Accra]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-10-28 |title=Contact Us - Ministry of Education Ghana |url=https://moe.gov.gh/index.php/contact-the-moe/ |access-date=2023-07-28 |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-07-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230728192942/https://moe.gov.gh/index.php/contact-the-moe/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Babban jigogi == === Ma'aikatar Ilimi ta biya GHc40 miliyan ga WAEC. === Reverend John Ntim Fordjour, Mataimakin Ministan Ilimi, ya bayyana cewa gwamnati ta ba da GH¢40 miliyan ga Majalisar Bincike ta Yammacin Afirka (WAEC) don sauƙaƙe ƙungiyar da ba ta da matsala ta jarrabawar takardar shaidar makarantar sakandare ta Yamma ta Afirka ta 2023 (WASSCE) da jarrabawar Takardar shaidar Ilimi ta asali (BECE).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dzidzoamenu |first=Isaac |date=2023-07-28 |title=2023 BECE, WASSCE in limbo over gov't's Ghc40m debt owe WAEC - Minority |url=https://starrfm.com.gh/2023/07/2023-bece-wassce-in-limbo-over-govts-ghc40m-debt-owe-waec-minority/ |access-date=2023-07-28 |website=Starr Fm |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-07-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230728200326/https://starrfm.com.gh/2023/07/2023-bece-wassce-in-limbo-over-govts-ghc40m-debt-owe-waec-minority/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>[https://citinewsroom.com/2023/07/2023-bece-wassce-not-in-limbo-gh%C2%A240m-paid-to-waec-education-ministry https://citinewsroom.com/2023/07/2023-bece-wassce-not-in-limbo-gh%C2%A240m-paid-to-waec-education-ministry/]{{Dead link|date=July 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Hukumomi == * Ofishin Ilimi na Ghana (GES) * Hukumar Ilimi ta Ghana * Kwamitin jarrabawar Yammacin Afirka (WAEC) * Hukumar Kula da Fasaha da Kwarewa (CTVET) * Hukumar Kula da Laburaren Ghana (GLA) * Kwalejin Fasaha da Kimiyya ta Ghana * Kudade da Sashin Gudanar da Sayarwa * [https://unescoghana.org/ Hukumar Ghana ta UNESCO] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240425041434/https://www.unescoghana.org/ |date=2024-04-25 }} * Kwamitin Bincike na Kasa (NIB) * Majalisar Kasa don Tsarin Mulki da Bincike (NaCCA) * Majalisar Koyarwa ta Kasa (NTC) * Majalisar Ci gaban Littattafan Ghana (GBDC) * Cibiyar Nazarin Tsakanin Kasa da Bude Makaranta * Hukumar Kula da Makarantu ta Kasa * Ilimi mara kyau * Majalisar Ilimi ta Ghana * Sakatariyar Gudanarwa * Asusun Amincewa da Ilimi na Ghana * Majalisar don horar da fasaha da sana'a * Hukumar Kula da Kwararru da Kwararre ta Kasa Ghana * Shirin Sabis na Kasa == Ministoci == * [[Yaw Osei Adutwum|Dokta Yaw Osei Adutwum]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Service |first=Ghana Education |date=2022-01-18 |title=Minister of Education Swears in GES Council Members {{!}} Ghana Education Service - GES |url=https://ges.gov.gh/2022/01/18/minister-of-education-swears-in-ges-council-members/ |access-date=2023-07-28 |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-07-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230728220029/https://ges.gov.gh/2022/01/18/minister-of-education-swears-in-ges-council-members/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ra'ayi na gani == Gina wata al'umma mai ilimi da ƙwarewa inda kowane ɗan Ghana zai iya cimma burinsa. == Kwamitin Masu Ba da Shawara == Kowane Ministan Sashen yana da alhakin kafa Kwamitin Ba da Shawara na Ministoci, wanda ke ba da shawara kan batutuwan da suka dace ga Ma'aikatar su.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2020-11-24 |title=About Us - Ministry of Education Ghana |url=https://moe.gov.gh/index.php/about-us-3/ |access-date=2023-07-28 |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-07-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230728192912/https://moe.gov.gh/index.php/about-us-3/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Bugu da ƙari, Kwamitin Ba da Shawara yana da alhakin inganta ci gaba da aiki tsakanin Ma'aikatar da masu amfani da sabis ɗin. Har ila yau, yana ba da shawara ga Ministan kan gyare-gyaren manufofi, manufofin tsarawa, da dabarun aiki.<ref name=":0" /> * Ministan a matsayin shugaban. * Mataimakin Ministan Ma'aikatar * Babban Darakta * Shugaban Hukumar Ilimi ta Ghana (GES). * Darakta Janar na GES. * Wakilin Majalisar Kasa kan Ilimi ta Sama (NCTE). * Wakilin Ma'aikatar Ayyuka da Ayyuka. * Wakilin Ƙungiyar Ilimi ta Kasa ta Ghana (GNEC). * Wakilin Ƙungiyar Masana'antu ta Ghana (AGI). * Masana Ilimi Biyu == Aiki == Babban burin Ma'aikatar Ilimi shine tabbatar da samun ilimi mai inganci ga kowa a Ghana. Ana samun wannan ta hanyar tsara manufofi, daidaitawa, saka idanu, da kimantawa, tare da mai da hankali kan biyan bukatun kasuwar aiki, inganta ci gaban ɗan adam, da inganta haɗin kan ƙasa. An san ilimi a matsayin karfi mai canzawa, samar da dama da kuma aiki a matsayin hanyar fita daga talauci da rashin ci gaba. == Ayyuka == === Shirye-shiryen Muhimmanci === * Makarantun sakandare na kyauta (SHS kyauta) * Ghana Asusun Bayani don Sakamakon Ilimi (GALOP) ==== Ayyuka ==== * STEM * TVET * Canjin Ilimi * ICT a cikin Canjin Ilimi == Dubi kuma == * [[Ilimi a Ghana]] == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140502195000/http://www.moe.gov.gh/moe/ Ma'aikatar Ilimi] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080310212541/http://www.moess.gov.gh/ Ma'aikatar Ilimi, Kimiyya da Wasanni] * [http://www.ghana.gov.gh/ministry_of_education_science_and_sports Ma'aikatar Ilimi, Kimiyya da Wasanni a Ma'aikatu sashin Ghana.gov.gh]{{Dead link|date=June 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 9qcy228aeordrxprm1wpft74hq0o1zp 0 80989 878849 660025 2026-07-08T09:40:53Z M Bash Ne 12403 878849 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Luta contra degradação dos direitos humanos exige união global - diretora HRW.webm|thumb|Tirana Hassan]] '''Tirana Hassan''' lauya ce ta Australiya, ma'aikaciyar zamantakewa, kuma mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin bil'adama. Ita ce babbar darektar [[Sa-ido akan Haƙƙin Ɗan Adam|Human Rights Watch]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 March 2023 |title=Tirana Hassan to Lead Human Rights Watch &#124; Human Rights Watch |url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/03/27/tirana-hassan-lead-human-rights-watch}}</ref> wata kungiya mai zaman kanta ta ƙasa da ƙasa da ke [[New York (birni)|birnin New York]]. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi. == An haifi Hassan a [[Singafora|Singapore]] ga mahaifi ɗan Pakistan Riaz Hassan, wanda kwararre ne a Australia, da kuma 'yar Tamil Malesiya haifaffiyar Sri Lanka kuma mahaifiyar Sinawa Selva Arulamapalam, likitan hakori. Yarinta ya kasance a Singapore, Indonesia, Amurka, da Ostiraliya. Ta halarci makarantar sakandare a Scotch College a Ostiraliya kuma tana da digiri na farko tare da girmamawa a aikin zamantakewa daga Jami'ar Kudancin Australia, da doka daga Jami'ar Adelaide. A shekara ta 2008, ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin shari'ar yancin ɗan adam daga [[Jami'ar Oxford]]. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Goode |first=Katherine |date=December 3, 2011 |title=Lawyer bears witness in the frontline |url=https://www.adelaidenow.com.au/ipad/bearing-witness-lawyer-in-the-frontline/news-story/efeb07a71b0e43a8f39ff3ab50ce7190 |website=The Advertiser}}</ref> Yayin da take shekara ta ƙarshe a makarantar lauya, Hassan ta kafa ƙungiyar Woomera Lawyers Group, ƙungiyar ba da shawarwari ta 'yan gudun hijira da ke ba da sabis na shari'a ga masu neman mafaka da aka tsare a Ostiraliya. An kafa ta na ɗan lokaci a Cibiyar Tsaro ta Woomera. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Tirana Hassan - Deputy Executive Director & Chief Programs Officer at Human Rights Watch |url=https://theorg.com/org/human-rights-watch/org-chart/tirana-hassan |access-date=2023-01-31 |website=THE ORG |language=en |archive-date=2023-01-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230131181230/https://theorg.com/org/human-rights-watch/org-chart/tirana-hassan |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 November 2018 |title=ATLAS: Tirana Hassan |url=https://www.atlaswomen.org/profiles/2018/11/27/tirana-hassan |access-date=2023-01-31 |website=ATLAS |language=en-US}}</ref> == Sana'a. == A watan Agusta 2022, Hassan ta zama darektar zartarwa na Human Rights Watch bayan Kenneth Roth yayi ritaya daga aikin. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Atukunda |first=Rogers |date=2022-09-04 |title=Kenneth Roth Leaves Human Rights Watch after 30 Years, Tirana Hassan Named Interim Executive Director |url=https://softpower.ug/kenneth-roth-leaves-human-rights-watch-after-30-years-tirana-hassan-named-interim-executive-director/ |access-date=2023-01-31 |website=SoftPower News |language=en-US}}</ref> Kafin ya hau wannan muƙami, Hassan ta yi aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar babban darakta kuma babban jami’in tsare-tsare, inda yake kula da sashen bincike, shari’a da manufofin kungiyar, sadarwa, da bayar da shawarwari. <ref name=":0"/> Daga shekarun 2010, zuwa 2015, Hassan babban mai bincike ne a sashin gaggawa na Human Rights Watch, wanda ke da alhakin binciken kare hakkin ɗan adam a Gabas ta Tsakiya, Asiya, da Afirka. A cikin shekarar 2011, yayin da yake gudanar da aikin bincike a [[Indonesiya|Indonesia]], an tsare Hassan tare da ɗan'uwan HRW mai bincike Andreas Harsono yayin da suke binciken zalunci da tashin hankali a yankin Gabashin Java. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Matin |first=Usep Abdul |date=October 7, 2011 |title=Tirana Hassan and Shiites in Indonesia |url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2011/10/07/tirana-hassan-and-shiites-indonesia.html |access-date=2023-01-31 |website=The Jakarta Post |language=en}}</ref> A matsayinta na mai bincike, Hassan ya buga rahotanni game da cin zarafin mata a [[Ivory Coast|Cote d'Ivoire]] da [[Somaliya|Somalia]], tawaye a [[Misra|Masar]] a [[Baharen|Bahrain]], yunkurin siyasa na Red Rit a [[Tailan|Thailand]], rikici da makamai a [[Libya]], [[Sudan]] da [[Sudan ta Kudu]], ɗaukar yara da kai hare-hare a makarantu a Somalia, rikicin addini a [[Myanmar|ƙasar Burma]] da kuma faɗa da maƙamai a Iraki. <ref>{{Cite journal |date=2011-05-03 |title=Descent into Chaos |url=https://www.hrw.org/report/2011/05/03/descent-chaos/thailands-2010-red-shirt-protests-and-government-crackdown |journal=Human Rights Watch |language=en}}</ref> === Amnesty International. === Daga shekarun 2015, zuwa 2020, Hassan ta kasance darektar shirin mayar da martani ga rikicin [[Amnesty International]], yana jagorantar ƙungiyoyin masu bincike da haɓaka ƙarfin ƙungiyar a cikin sabbin hanyoyin bincike, gami da amfani da hanyoyin bincike na tantance dijital don tattara shaida a cikin haɗin gwiwa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ellis-Petersen |first=Hannah |date=2018-08-27 |title=Myanmar's military accused of genocide in damning UN report |url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/aug/27/myanmars-military-accused-of-genocide-by-damning-un-report |access-date=2023-01-31 |website=the Guardian |language=en}}</ref> A lokacinta a Amnesty, Hassan ta yi aiki a kan rikice-rikice a Yemen, Siriya, da kuma batutuwan 'yan gudun hijira na Turai. Ta yi tsokaci kan rikicin 'yan gudun hijirar Rohingya na shekarar 2015, lokacin da jami'an tsaron Myanmar suka tilastawa dubun dubatar 'yan kabilar Rohingya gudun hijira daga kauyukansu da sansanin 'yan gudun hijira a jihar Rakhine na ƙasar Myanmar. === Sauran aiki. === Kafin ya halarci makarantar lauya, Hassan ma'aikacin zamantakewa ne a Los Angeles, California, London, United Kingdom, da Adelaide, Australia. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tirana Hassan |url=https://www.hrw.org/about/people/tirana-hassan |access-date=2023-01-31 |website=Human Rights Watch |language=en}}</ref> Daga shekarun 2003, zuwa 2010, Hassan ya yi aiki a ayyukan agajin jin kai a matsayin ƙwararriyar kariyar da ke mai da hankali kan yara a cikin rikice-rikice, shirye-shiryen cin zarafi da jima'i da jinsi, da kuma ba da kariya ga bil adama a duk faɗin Asiya da Afirka. Ta yi aiki tare da Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF), [[UNICEF|Asusun Tallafawa Yara na Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya (UNICEF)]], kuma ita ce darektar shirin kare yara ƙanana na Save the Children na yammacin Afirka. <ref name=":3"/> == Manazarta. == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] j2dcf3446cguyc8mvntw024dr9ku2mg 0 81131 878728 739868 2026-07-07T22:02:57Z Nnamadee 31123 878728 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Schoolgirls in Bamozai.JPG|thumb|yara masu koyan karatu]] '''Kariya ga yara''' (wanda kuma ake kira '''jin daɗin yara''') shine '''Kare yara''' daga tashin hankali, cin zarafi, cin zarafin, da sakaci.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Katz |first=Ilan |last2=Katz |first2=Carmit |last3=Andresen |first3=Sabine |last4=Bérubé |first4=Annie |last5=Collin-Vezina |first5=Delphine |last6=Fallon |first6=Barbara |last7=Fouché |first7=Ansie |last8=Haffejee |first8=Sadiyya |last9=Masrawa |first9=Nadia |last10=Muñoz |first10=Pablo |last11=Priolo Filho |first11=Sidnei R. |last12=Tarabulsy |first12=George |last13=Truter |first13=Elmien |last14=Varela |first14=Natalia |last15=Wekerle |first15=Christine |date=June 2021 |title=Child maltreatment reports and Child Protection Service responses during COVID-19: Knowledge exchange among Australia, Brazil, Canada, Colombia, Germany, Israel, and South Africa |url= |journal=Child Abuse & Neglect |volume=116 |issue=Pt 2 |pages=105078 |doi=10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105078 |issn=0145-2134 |pmc=8446926 |pmid=33931238}}</ref><ref name="Oates 427–429">{{Cite journal |last=Oates |first=Kim |date=July 2013 |title=Medical dimensions of child abuse and neglect |url= |journal=Child Abuse & Neglect |volume=37 |issue=7 |pages=427–429 |doi=10.1016/j.chiabu.2013.05.004 |issn=0145-2134 |pmid=23790510}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Southall |first=David |last2=MacDonald |first2=Rhona |date=2013-11-01 |title=Protecting children from abuse: a neglected but crucial priority for the international child health agenda |journal=Paediatrics and International Child Health |volume=33 |issue=4 |pages=199–206 |doi=10.1179/2046905513Y.0000000097 |issn=2046-9047 |pmid=24070186 |s2cid=29250788 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=Barth |first=R.P. |date=October 1999 |title=After Safety, What is the Goal of Child Welfare Services: Permanency, Family Continuity or Social Benefit? |journal=International Journal of Social Welfare |volume=8 |issue=4 |pages=244–252 |doi=10.1111/1468-2397.00091 |issn=1369-6866 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Ya haɗa da gano alamun yiwuwar cutar. Wannan ya haɗa da amsawa ga zarge-zarge ko tuhumar cin zarafi, samar da tallafi da ayyuka don kare yara, da kuma riƙe wBabban burin kariya ga yara shine tabbatar da cewa duk yara suna da aminci kuma ba su da lahani ko haɗari.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Editorial team |first=Collective |date=2008-09-11 |title=WHO Regional Office for Europe and UNAIDS report on progress since the Dublin Declaration |journal=Eurosurveillance |volume=13 |issue=37 |doi=10.2807/ese.13.37.18981-en |issn=1560-7917 |pmid=18801311 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Har ila yau, kariya ta yara tana aiki don hana cutarwa ta gaba ta hanyar ƙirƙirar manufofi da tsarin da ke ganowa da amsawa ga haɗari kafin su haifar da lahani.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nixon |first=Kendra L. |last2=Tutty |first2=Leslie M. |last3=Weaver-Dunlop |first3=Gillian |last4=Walsh |first4=Christine A. |date=December 2007 |title=Do good intentions beget good policy? A review of child protection policies to address intimate partner violence |url= |journal=Children and Youth Services Review |volume=29 |issue=12 |pages=1469–1486 |doi=10.1016/j.childyouth.2007.09.007 |issn=0190-7409}}</ref>aɗanda suka cutar da su. Don cimma wadannan manufofi, bincike ya nuna cewa ya kamata a samar da ayyukan kariya ga yara a hanyar da ta dace.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Holland |first=S. |date=2004-01-01 |title=Liberty and Respect in Child Protection |url= |journal=British Journal of Social Work |volume=34 |issue=1 |pages=21–36 |doi=10.1093/bjsw/bch003 |issn=0045-3102}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Wulcyzn |first=Fred |last2=Daro |first2=Deborah |last3=Fluke |first3=John |last4=Gregson |first4=Kendra |date=2010 |title=Adapting a Systems Approach to Child Protection in a Cultural Context: Key Concepts and Considerations |url= |language=en |doi=10.1037/e516652013-176}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Léveillé |first=Sophie |last2=Chamberland |first2=Claire |date=2010-07-01 |title=Toward a general model for child welfare and protection services: A meta-evaluation of international experiences regarding the adoption of the Framework for the Assessment of Children in Need and Their Families (FACNF) |url= |journal=Children and Youth Services Review |language=en |volume=32 |issue=7 |pages=929–944 |doi=10.1016/j.childyouth.2010.03.009 |issn=0190-7409}}</ref> Wannan yana nufin la'akari da abubuwan zamantakewa, tattalin arziki, al'adu, tunanin mutum, da muhalli waɗanda zasu iya taimakawa ga haɗarin cutarwa ga kowane yara da iyalansu. Haɗin gwiwa a tsakanin bangarori da horo don ƙirƙirar cikakken tsarin tallafi da aminci ga yara ana buƙatar. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Winkworth |first=Gail |last2=White |first2=Michael |date=March 2011 |title=Australia's Children 'Safe and Well'?1 Collaborating with Purpose Across Commonwealth Family Relationship and State Child Protection Systems: Australia's Children 'Safe and Well' |url= |journal=Australian Journal of Public Administration |language=en |volume=70 |issue=1 |pages=1–14 |doi=10.1111/j.1467-8500.2010.00706.x}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Wulcyzn |first=Fred |last2=Daro |first2=Deborah |last3=Fluke |first3=John |last4=Gregson |first4=Kendra |date=2010 |title=Adapting a Systems Approach to Child Protection in a Cultural Context: Key Concepts and Considerations |url= |doi=10.1037/e516652013-176}}</ref> Hakki ne na mutane, kungiyoyi, da gwamnatoci don tabbatar da cewa ana kare yara daga lahani kuma ana girmama hakkinsu.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Howe |first=R. Brian |last2=Covell |first2=Katherine |date=July 2010 |title=Miseducating children about their rights |url=http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1746197910370724 |journal=Education, Citizenship and Social Justice |language=en |volume=5 |issue=2 |pages=91–102 |doi=10.1177/1746197910370724 |issn=1746-1979 |s2cid=145540907}}</ref> Wannan ya haɗa da samar da yanayi mai aminci ga yara su girma da ci gaba, kare su daga cin zarafin jiki, motsin rai da jima'i, da kuma tabbatar da cewa suna da damar samun ilimi, kiwon lafiya, da albarkatu don cika bukatun su na asali.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Child protection |url=https://www.unicef.org/child-protection |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230307054418/https://www.unicef.org/child-protection |archive-date=2023-03-07 |access-date=2023-03-18 |website=www.unicef.org |language=en}}</ref> === '''Tsarin kariya ga yara''' === saiti ne na ayyuka, yawanci gwamnati ce, an tsara su don kare yara da matasa da ba su kai shekaru ba da kuma karfafa kwanciyar hankali na iyali. [[UNICEF]] ta bayyana <ref>{{Cite web |title=Economic and Social Council |url=https://www.unicef.org/protection/CP_Strategy_English(1).pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180123072805/https://www.unicef.org/protection/CP_Strategy_English(1).pdf |archive-date=January 23, 2018 |access-date=January 23, 2018 |website=[[UNICEF]]}}</ref> tsarin kariya ga yara kamar haka: A karkashin Mataki na 19 na Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan 'Yancin Yara', 'tsarin kariya ga yara' yana ba da kariya ga Yara a ciki da waje. Ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin da za a iya ba da wannan shine ta hanyar samar da [[Manufar Ci Gaban Ci Gaban 4|ilimi mai inganci]], na huɗu na Manufofin Ci Gaban Ci Gaban Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, ban da sauran tsarin kariya ga yara. Wasu wallafe-wallafen suna jayayya cewa kariya ta yara ta fara ne a lokacin daukar ciki; har ma da yadda daukar ciki ya faru na iya shafar ci gaban yaro. == Tsaro daga == [[Fayil:Children at play.jpeg|thumb|yawanci aikin yara wasa]] === Ayyukan yara === Aikin yara shine aikin samun yara su shiga cikin ayyukan tattalin arziki na ɗan lokaci ko cikakken lokaci.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=ANKER |first=Richard |date=September 2000 |title=The economics of child labour: A framework for measurement |url= |journal=International Labour Review |volume=139 |issue=3 |pages=257–280 |doi=10.1111/j.1564-913x.2000.tb00204.x |issn=0020-7780}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Martin |first=Mervyn |date=June 2013 |title=Child labour: parameters, developmental implications, causes and consequences |url= |journal=Contemporary Social Science |volume=8 |issue=2 |pages=156–165 |doi=10.1080/21582041.2012.751501 |issn=2158-2041 |s2cid=167660954}}</ref> Wannan aikin yana da lahani ga ci gaban jiki da tunani. An dauke shi wani nau'i ne na cin zarafi kuma ba bisa ka'ida ba ne a kasashe da yawa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Donnelly |first=Peter |last2=Petherick |first2=Leanne |date=September 2004 |title=Workers' Playtime? Child Labour at the Extremes of the Sporting Spectrum |url= |journal=Sport in Society |volume=7 |issue=3 |pages=301–321 |doi=10.1080/1743043042000291659 |issn=1743-0437 |s2cid=145578897}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |date=2015-07-13 |title=''Child Maltreatment'' 2014 Best Article Award |url= |journal=Child Maltreatment |volume=20 |issue=3 |pages=221 |doi=10.1177/1077559515594086 |issn=1077-5595 |s2cid=220187852}}</ref> Saboda dalilai na tattalin arziki, musamman a kasashe matalauta, ana tilasta yara suyi aiki don su tsira. Ayyukan yara galibi suna faruwa a cikin yanayi mai wahala, wanda ke da haɗari kuma yana lalata ilimin 'yan ƙasa na gaba, kuma yana ƙara haɗari ga manya.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Grey |first=Jeffrey |last2=Brett |first2=Rachel |last3=Specht |first3=Irma |date=2005 |title=Young Soldiers: Why They Choose to Fight |url= |journal=International Journal |volume=60 |issue=4 |pages=1181 |doi=10.2307/40204117 |issn=0020-7020 |jstor=40204117}}</ref> Yana da wahala a san daidai shekarun da yawan yara waɗanda abin ya shafa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Digital |first=Swace |date=2007 |title=Save the Children's Definition of Child Protection |url=https://resourcecentre.savethechildren.net/document/save-childrens-definition-child-protection/ |access-date=2023-03-08 |website=Save the Children's Resource Centre |language=en}}</ref> Akalla yara miliyan 152 da ba su kai shekara biyar ba sun yi aiki a cikin 2016, amma an rage adadin saboda ba a ƙidaya aikin gida ba.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017 |title=Global Estimates of Child Labour, Results and Trends, 2012–2016 |url=http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---dgreports/---dcomm/documents/publication/wcms_575499.pdf |access-date=2018-01-23 |website=International Labour Organization |language=en}}</ref> Ba za a iya ƙidaya ainihin kididdigar daidai ba saboda yawancin lokuta na aikin yara ba a gani ba. === Haɗari === Haɗarin yara shine aikin sanya yaro a cikin halin da ake ciki wanda ya yi watsi da lafiyarsu ko rayuwarsu.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-12-23 |title=10 U.S. Code § 919b – Art. 119b. Child endangerment |url=https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section919b&num=0&edition=prelim |access-date=2023-09-30 |website=Office of the Law Revision Council United States Code}}</ref> Haɗarin yara na iya haifar da mummunan sakamako na jiki da na tunani. Wannan na iya fitowa daga kulawar iyaye, watsi da yara, da sauran dalilai da yawa. === Kisan jarirai (kisan yara) === Kisan jarirai shine kisan jarirai da kananan yara da gangan.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Higginbotham |date=2011 |title=&lt;em&gt;Reformers, Patrons and Philanthropists: The Cowper-Temples and High Politics in Victorian England&lt;/em&gt;, by James Gregory |url= |journal=Victorian Studies |volume=53 |issue=3 |pages=536 |doi=10.2979/victorianstudies.53.3.536 |issn=0042-5222 |s2cid=142590142}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Brookman |first=Fiona |last2=Nolan |first2=Jane |date=July 2006 |title=The Dark Figure of Infanticide in England and Wales |url= |journal=Journal of Interpersonal Violence |volume=21 |issue=7 |pages=869–889 |doi=10.1177/0886260506288935 |issn=0886-2605 |pmid=16731989 |s2cid=11302352}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Denham |first=Aaron R. |last2=Adongo |first2=Philip B. |last3=Freydberg |first3=Nicole |last4=Hodgson |first4=Abraham |date=August 2010 |title=Chasing spirits: Clarifying the spirit child phenomenon and infanticide in Northern Ghana |url= |journal=Social Science & Medicine |volume=71 |issue=3 |pages=608–615 |doi=10.1016/j.socscimed.2010.04.022 |issn=0277-9536 |pmid=20605304}}</ref> An rubuta wannan aikin a cikin tarihi kuma har yanzu yana faruwa a wasu al'adu a yau, yawanci sakamakon talauci da / ko wasu matsin lamba na zamantakewa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Patterson |first=Cynthia |date=1985 |title="Not Worth the Rearing": The Causes of Infant Exposure in Ancient Greece |url= |journal=Transactions of the American Philological Association |volume=115 |pages=103–123 |doi=10.2307/284192 |issn=0360-5949 |jstor=284192}}</ref> Iyaye, dangi, ko baƙi na iya aiwatar da kisan jarirai kuma galibi ana ganinsa a matsayin nau'in tashin hankali na jinsi, tunda ana iya kashe jarirai mata fiye da maza.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bhatt |first=R.V. |date=December 1998 |title=Domestic violence and substance abuse |url= |journal=International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics |volume=63 |pages=S25–S31 |doi=10.1016/s0020-7292(98)00181-7 |issn=0020-7292 |pmid=10075209 |s2cid=25528652}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Krantz |first=G. |date=2005-10-01 |title=Violence against women |url= |journal=Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health |volume=59 |issue=10 |pages=818–821 |doi=10.1136/jech.2004.022756 |issn=0143-005X |pmc=1732916 |pmid=16166351 |s2cid=29376851}}</ref> A wasu lokuta, ana iya amfani da kisan jarirai don ɓoye shaidar jima'i ko fyade. An fi yin sa ne a al'adun da ake amfani da su a cikin al'adun inda ake da fifiko ga yara maza, ko kuma inda albarkatun ba su da yawa. A wasu ƙasashe, ana iya ɗaure yara saboda laifuka na yau da kullun. A wasu ƙasashe, kamar Iran ko China, ana iya yanke wa masu laifi [[Hukuncin Kisa|hukuncin kisa]] saboda laifukan da aka aikata yayin da suke yara (Amurka ta watsar da aikin a shekara ta 2005).<ref>{{Cite journal |last=B. |first=J. H. |last2=Young |first2=E. Hilton |date=November 1912 |title=Foreign Companies and Other Corporations |url= |journal=Harvard Law Review |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=96 |doi=10.2307/1324306 |issn=0017-811X |jstor=1324306}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=HOOD |first=ROGER |date=July 2001 |title=Capital Punishment |url= |journal=Punishment & Society |volume=3 |issue=3 |pages=331–354 |doi=10.1177/1462474501003003001 |issn=1462-4745 |s2cid=143875533}}</ref> A cikin yanayin da ake Amfani da yara na soja, suna kuma haɗarin zama fursunonin yaki. Sauran yara ana tilasta su cikin karuwanci, manya suna amfani da su don zirga-zirgar yara ba bisa ka'ida ba, ko kuma suna cikin haɗari ta talauci da yunwa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ibarra |first=Peter R. |date=July 2007 |title=''Children in the Global Sex Trade''. By Julia O'Connell Davidson. Cambridge: Polity Press, 2005. Pp. viii+178. $62.95 (cloth); $24.95 (paper). |url= |journal=American Journal of Sociology |volume=113 |issue=1 |pages=292–294 |doi=10.1086/520904 |issn=0002-9602}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ojo |first=Matthias Olufemi Dada |date=2013-01-28 |title=A Sociological Investigation of Awareness and Causes of Intimate Partner Violence in Nigeria: A Survey of Agege, Lagos State |journal=Asian Social Science |volume=9 |issue=2 |doi=10.5539/ass.v9n2p231 |issn=1911-2025 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Kisan jarirai a yau yana ci gaba da yawa a yankunan da ke da matsanancin talauci da yawan jama'a, kamar sassan China da Indiya. Jarirai mata, a lokacin har ma da yanzu, suna da matukar damuwa, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa aka zaɓi jima'i.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nandi |first=Arindam |last2=Deolalikar |first2=Anil B. |date=July 2013 |title=Does a legal ban on sex-selective abortions improve child sex ratios? Evidence from a policy change in India |url= |journal=Journal of Development Economics |volume=103 |pages=216–228 |doi=10.1016/j.jdeveco.2013.02.007 |issn=0304-3878}}</ref> === Cin zarafin yara === Yara da yawa da suka zo ga tsarin jin dadin yara suna yin hakan ne saboda yanayin da ake kira cin zarafin yara. Cin zarafi yawanci ya haɗa da cin zarafin iko, ko yin amfani da iko don wani dalili ba tare da niyya ba.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Zimring |first=Franklin E. |last2=Johnson |first2=David T. |date=2005-05-26 |title=On the Comparative Study of Corruption |url= |journal=The British Journal of Criminology |volume=45 |issue=6 |pages=793–809 |doi=10.1093/bjc/azi042 |issn=1464-3529}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Orentlicher |first=Diane F. |date=1991 |title=Settling Accounts: The Duty to Prosecute Human Rights Violations of a Prior Regime |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/796903 |journal=The Yale Law Journal |volume=100 |issue=8 |pages=2537–2615 |doi=10.2307/796903 |issn=0044-0094 |jstor=796903}}</ref> Wannan ya haɗa da sakaci da gangan, da gangan ba tare da yin amfani da iko don manufar da aka nufa ba. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa aka bayyana cin zarafin yara a matsayin amfani da matsayin amincewa da aka saka hannun jari da iko.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=World Health Organization |date=January 2002 |title=WHO/CONRAD Technical Consultation on Nonoxynol-9, World Health Organization, Geneva, 9–10 October 2001: Summary Report |journal=Reproductive Health Matters |volume=10 |issue=20 |pages=175–181 |doi=10.1016/s0968-8080(02)00085-x |issn=0968-8080 |pmid=12569895 |s2cid=23890301 |doi-access=free}}</ref> * Cin zarafin jiki shine cin zarafin jiki ko kuma bulala a kan yaro. Yayinda harin ya sami mummunar sakamako wanda wanda aka azabtar bai yarda da shi ba (bambanci tsakanin tiyata da wuka) wanda aka azabta ya yarda da sakamakon batir amma yarjejeniyar ta yaudara ce ta wata hanya (misali tiyata mara amfani a ƙarƙashin ƙarya). Cin zarafin jiki kuma cin zarafi ne, kasancewar jiki da aka nufa don haifar da tsoro. * Cin zarafin yara shine cin zarafin jima'i ko kuma batsa a kan yaro. Yawancin hare-haren jiki martani ne ga halin da ya shafi takamaiman wanda aka azabtar. Harin jima'i galibi gamsar da mai aikata laifin ne akan duk wani manufa da ya dace. Cin zarafin jima'i ya rufe kewayon hare-hare kai tsaye da kai tsaye (misali hotuna) da kuma hanyoyin sauƙaƙe kamar su stalking da laifukan intanet. * An bayyana sakaci na yara a matsayin rashin ɗaukar isasshen matakai don kare yaro daga lahani, da kuma babban sakaci wajen samar da bukatun yaro. Bukatu sune matakan da za a dauka don karewa da samar da yaro. Tsaro shine aikin mutum da aka ba shi ikon alhakin yaro ya dauki matakan da suka dace don kare yaron. Idan an yi wa yaro cin zarafin jiki ko jima'i to akwai mutum (mai cin zarafi) da ke da alhakin harin da kuma mutum (marasa kulawa) da ke dauke da rashin karewa daga harin. A wasu lokuta suna iya zama iri ɗaya. * Cin zarafin tunani shine lokacin da ya cika bukatun yaro ta hanyar daukar matakan da suka dace don karewa da samar wa yaron burin da jin daɗinsa dole ne a yi la'akari da shi yayin yanke shawara kan isar da tanadin da ya fi dacewa da bukatun yaro. Da gangan rashin samarwa daidai da sha'awar yaro da ji yayin da yake cikin mafi kyawun sha'awar yaron shine cin zarafin motsin rai (haɓaka da gangan na damuwa) ko kuma sakaci shine sakaci na motsin rai. === Hakkin iyaye === Hakkin iyaye shine wajibi ne na doka na iyaye don samar da bukatun jiki, motsin rai, da na kudi na yaransu. Wannan ya haɗa da samar da abinci, mafaka, tufafi, ilimi, kula da lafiya, da goyon bayan motsin rai. Har ila yau, ya haɗa da kare yaro daga lahani da tabbatar da amincinsu. A cikin 1984 Majalisar Turai, hukumar da ke kula da Yarjejeniyar Turai kan 'Yancin Dan Adam, ta ba da Shawarwari R (84) 4 kan Ayyukan Iyaye.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Council of Europe European Committee on Legal Co-operation – European Committee on Legal Co-operation – www.coe.int |url=https://www.coe.int/en/web/cdcj |access-date=June 13, 2023 |website=European Committee on Legal Co-operation}}</ref> Wadannan sun bayyana alhakin iyaye a matsayin ayyukan 'aiki' da za a cika da kuma ikon da za a iya amfani da shi don biyan waɗannan ayyukan.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Children Act 1989 |url=http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1989/41/section/105 |access-date=June 13, 2023 |website=www.legislation.gov.uk}}</ref> Cin zarafin yara da sakaci shine gazawar mutumin da ke da iyaye ko wani alhakin kariya don yin amfani da iko don manufar da aka nufa, wanda shine amfanin yaro. Ayyuka yawanci sun haɗa da ayyukan da aka tsara don tallafawa iyalai masu haɗari don su iya kasancewa cikakke don karewa da inganta walwalar yaro, bincike kan zargin cin zarafin yara kuma, idan ya cancanta, ɗaukar nauyin iyaye ta hanyar kulawa da tallafi. === Cin zarafin yara === Cin zarafin yara yana nufin kowane irin mummunan magani ko cin zarafi wanda ke haifar da lahani ga yaro mara taimako. Misalan Cin zarafin yara sun haɗa da cin zarafin jiki, cin zarafin jima'i, cin zarafi na motsin rai, cin zaraf, hanawa da sakaci.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ERIC – Education Resources Information Center |url=https://eric.ed.gov/ |access-date=2023-03-23 |website=eric.ed.gov}}</ref> Tasirin cin zarafin da aka yi wa wadanda abin ya shafa sau da yawa ya haɗa da rauni na jiki, rauni na tunani da na halayyar, kuma ana iya ɗaukarsa a cikin tsararraki.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Home – Child Welfare Information Gateway |url=https://www.childwelfare.gov/ |access-date=2023-03-23 |website=www.childwelfare.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=15 April 2023 |title=Child Protection Integrated Flood Response |url=https://shifafoundation.org/health-nutrition-child-protection-integratd-flood-response-sindh/ |access-date=June 15, 2023 |website=www.shifafoundation.org}}</ref> Cin zarafin yara na mai kula da yara matsala ce ta duniya wacce za ta iya faruwa a cikin shirye-shiryen tallafi, ba tare da la'akari da matsayin zamantakewa ba kuma a lokuta na nuna bambanci da ciki da wuri ko ba a so. Yara da aka karɓa na iya zama abin ƙyama fiye da yara na halitta. Bugu da ƙari, yara na iya shan wahala saboda matsayinsu na zamantakewa, kuma an rubuta nuna bambanci bisa ga launin fata a matsayin abin da ke haifar da cin zarafin yara. Ciki mara kyau na iya kara tashin hankali a cikin gida, wanda zai iya haifar da cin zarafin yaro.<ref>{{Cite web |title=National Center for Biotechnology Information |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ |access-date=2023-03-23 |website=www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov |language=en}}</ref> Akwai ayyuka daban-daban don magance ko hana cin zarafin yara; kamfanoni ko hukumomin gwamnati na iya bayar da waɗannan ayyukan. Inda waɗannan ayyukan suka haɗu da shari'o'in zalunci, jihar ta haifar da yanayin iyali mai tallafawa ga yaron da aka zalunta. Wannan ya haɗa da tsara ƙungiyoyin jama'a da masu zaman kansu waɗanda ke ba da kulawa ga yara da iyalai.<ref>{{Cite web |title=UK Government Web Archive |url=https://www.education.gov.uk/publications/eOrderingDownload/Framework%20for%20the%20assessment%20of%20children%20in%20need%20and%20their%20families.pdf |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20130401151715/https://www.education.gov.uk/publications/eOrderingDownload/Framework%20for%20the%20assessment%20of%20children%20in%20need%20and%20their%20families.pdf |archive-date=April 1, 2013 |access-date=June 13, 2023}}</ref> Rashin kula da yara na iya faruwa a lokuta inda jihar ko wasu masu kula da yara ke da alhakin jin daɗin yaro. === Sauran === Binciken Hukumar Tarayyar Turai na 2014 game da tsarin kariya ga yara ya lissafa waɗannan nau'ikan yara da ke buƙatar taimako: <ref>{{Cite web |title=EUSurvey – Survey unavailable |url=https://ec.europa.eu/eusurvey/runner/EU-guidance-on-integrated-Child-Protection-Systems |access-date=June 13, 2023 |website=ec.europa.eu}}</ref> * Yara da aka zalunta ko zalunci na yanar gizo * Yara da aka yi wa yankan mata ko auren tilas * Yara da aka yi wa watsi da su ko kuma cin zarafi * Yara da aka yi wa cin zarafin jima'i / cin zarafin * Wadanda aka yi wa fataucin yara * Yaran da ke fama da rikice-rikicen kula da yara, gami da sace yara na iyaye * Yara daga cikin kabilun tsiraru, misali Roma * Yaran da aka bari a baya (daga iyaye da suka koma wata kasa ta EU don aiki) * Yara a cikin yanayin ƙaura * Yara a cikin shari'a * Yara a cikin ko a cikin haɗarin talauci * Yara a hannun 'yan sanda ko tsare * Yaran iyaye a kurkuku ko tsare * Yara masu nakasa * Yara ba tare da kulawar iyaye ba / a cikin wani kulawa * Yaran da ba su da ilimi ko horo ko yara masu aiki a kasa da shekarun aiki don aiki * Yaran da suka ɓace (misali masu gudu, yara da aka sace, yara marasa raka'a suna ɓacewa) * Yara marasa raka'a a cikin yanayin ƙaura == Yarjejeniyar Kasa da Kasa == Kungiyar Ma'aikata ta Duniya (ILO) hukuma ce ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da ke kula da batutuwan aiki, wacce aka kafa a shekarar 1919. Yana kula da batutuwan aikin yara, musamman tare da tarurruka 138 da 182. A ranar 20 ga Nuwamba 1959 Babban Taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya amince da [[Sanarwar 'Yancin Yara]] a lokacin Yarjejeniyar kan' Yancin Yara. Asusun Yara na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ([[UNICEF]]) Shirin Majalisar Dinkinobho ne wanda ke da hedikwata a Birnin New York, wanda ke ba da taimakon jin kai da ci gaba na dogon lokaci ga yara da uwaye a kasashe masu tasowa.   == Tarihi == Provincial or state governments' child protection legislation empowers the government department or agency to provide services in the area and to intervene in families where child abuse or other problems are suspected. The agency that manages these services has various names in different provinces and states, e.g., Department of Children's Services, Children's Aid, Department of Child and Family Services. There is some consistency in the nature of laws, though the application of the laws varies across the country. [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] ta magance cin zarafin yara a matsayin batun haƙƙin ɗan adam, ta ƙara wani sashi musamman ga yara a cikin Universal Declaration of Human Rights: {{Blockquote|Kasancewar an gane cewa, domin yaro ya samu cikakken ci gaban halayensa da kuma daidaiton rayuwarsa, ya kamata ya girma a cikin yanayin iyali da kuma yanayi mai cike da farin ciki, kauna da fahimtar juna; ya kamata a ba shi damar rayuwa; damar samun cikakken ci gaba; kariya daga tasiri mai cutarwa, cin zarafi da kuma cin gajiyarsa; tare da damar shiga cikin harkokin iyali, al'adu da rayuwar al'umma yadda ya kamata.}} ==manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] m4y5h3x6q50rlsccuvv99rrups4idcb 878729 878728 2026-07-07T22:04:40Z Nnamadee 31123 878729 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Schoolgirls in Bamozai.JPG|thumb|yara masu koyan karatu]] '''Kariya ga yara''' (wanda kuma ake kira '''jin daɗin yara''') shine '''Kare yara''' daga tashin hankali, cin zarafi, cin zarafin, da sakaci.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Katz |first=Ilan |last2=Katz |first2=Carmit |last3=Andresen |first3=Sabine |last4=Bérubé |first4=Annie |last5=Collin-Vezina |first5=Delphine |last6=Fallon |first6=Barbara |last7=Fouché |first7=Ansie |last8=Haffejee |first8=Sadiyya |last9=Masrawa |first9=Nadia |last10=Muñoz |first10=Pablo |last11=Priolo Filho |first11=Sidnei R. |last12=Tarabulsy |first12=George |last13=Truter |first13=Elmien |last14=Varela |first14=Natalia |last15=Wekerle |first15=Christine |date=June 2021 |title=Child maltreatment reports and Child Protection Service responses during COVID-19: Knowledge exchange among Australia, Brazil, Canada, Colombia, Germany, Israel, and South Africa |url= |journal=Child Abuse & Neglect |volume=116 |issue=Pt 2 |pages=105078 |doi=10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105078 |issn=0145-2134 |pmc=8446926 |pmid=33931238}}</ref><ref name="Oates 427–429">{{Cite journal |last=Oates |first=Kim |date=July 2013 |title=Medical dimensions of child abuse and neglect |url= |journal=Child Abuse & Neglect |volume=37 |issue=7 |pages=427–429 |doi=10.1016/j.chiabu.2013.05.004 |issn=0145-2134 |pmid=23790510}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Southall |first=David |last2=MacDonald |first2=Rhona |date=2013-11-01 |title=Protecting children from abuse: a neglected but crucial priority for the international child health agenda |journal=Paediatrics and International Child Health |volume=33 |issue=4 |pages=199–206 |doi=10.1179/2046905513Y.0000000097 |issn=2046-9047 |pmid=24070186 |s2cid=29250788 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=Barth |first=R.P. |date=October 1999 |title=After Safety, What is the Goal of Child Welfare Services: Permanency, Family Continuity or Social Benefit? |journal=International Journal of Social Welfare |volume=8 |issue=4 |pages=244–252 |doi=10.1111/1468-2397.00091 |issn=1369-6866 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Ya haɗa da gano alamun yiwuwar cutar. Wannan ya haɗa da amsawa ga zarge-zarge ko tuhumar cin zarafi, samar da tallafi da ayyuka don kare yara, da kuma riƙe wBabban burin kariya ga yara shine tabbatar da cewa duk yara suna da aminci kuma ba su da lahani ko haɗari.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Editorial team |first=Collective |date=2008-09-11 |title=WHO Regional Office for Europe and UNAIDS report on progress since the Dublin Declaration |journal=Eurosurveillance |volume=13 |issue=37 |doi=10.2807/ese.13.37.18981-en |issn=1560-7917 |pmid=18801311 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Har ila yau, kariya ta yara tana aiki don hana cutarwa ta gaba ta hanyar ƙirƙirar manufofi da tsarin da ke ganowa da amsawa ga haɗari kafin su haifar da lahani.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nixon |first=Kendra L. |last2=Tutty |first2=Leslie M. |last3=Weaver-Dunlop |first3=Gillian |last4=Walsh |first4=Christine A. |date=December 2007 |title=Do good intentions beget good policy? A review of child protection policies to address intimate partner violence |url= |journal=Children and Youth Services Review |volume=29 |issue=12 |pages=1469–1486 |doi=10.1016/j.childyouth.2007.09.007 |issn=0190-7409}}</ref>aɗanda suka cutar da su. Don cimma wadannan manufofi, bincike ya nuna cewa ya kamata a samar da ayyukan kariya ga yara a hanyar da ta dace.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Holland |first=S. |date=2004-01-01 |title=Liberty and Respect in Child Protection |url= |journal=British Journal of Social Work |volume=34 |issue=1 |pages=21–36 |doi=10.1093/bjsw/bch003 |issn=0045-3102}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Wulcyzn |first=Fred |last2=Daro |first2=Deborah |last3=Fluke |first3=John |last4=Gregson |first4=Kendra |date=2010 |title=Adapting a Systems Approach to Child Protection in a Cultural Context: Key Concepts and Considerations |url= |language=en |doi=10.1037/e516652013-176}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Léveillé |first=Sophie |last2=Chamberland |first2=Claire |date=2010-07-01 |title=Toward a general model for child welfare and protection services: A meta-evaluation of international experiences regarding the adoption of the Framework for the Assessment of Children in Need and Their Families (FACNF) |url= |journal=Children and Youth Services Review |language=en |volume=32 |issue=7 |pages=929–944 |doi=10.1016/j.childyouth.2010.03.009 |issn=0190-7409}}</ref> Wannan yana nufin la'akari da abubuwan zamantakewa, tattalin arziki, al'adu, tunanin mutum, da muhalli waɗanda zasu iya taimakawa ga haɗarin cutarwa ga kowane yara da iyalansu. Haɗin gwiwa a tsakanin bangarori da horo don ƙirƙirar cikakken tsarin tallafi da aminci ga yara ana buƙatar.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Winkworth |first=Gail |last2=White |first2=Michael |date=March 2011 |title=Australia's Children 'Safe and Well'?1 Collaborating with Purpose Across Commonwealth Family Relationship and State Child Protection Systems: Australia's Children 'Safe and Well' |url= |journal=Australian Journal of Public Administration |language=en |volume=70 |issue=1 |pages=1–14 |doi=10.1111/j.1467-8500.2010.00706.x}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Wulcyzn |first=Fred |last2=Daro |first2=Deborah |last3=Fluke |first3=John |last4=Gregson |first4=Kendra |date=2010 |title=Adapting a Systems Approach to Child Protection in a Cultural Context: Key Concepts and Considerations |url= |doi=10.1037/e516652013-176}}</ref> Hakki ne na mutane, kungiyoyi, da gwamnatoci don tabbatar da cewa ana kare yara daga lahani kuma ana girmama hakkinsu.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Howe |first=R. Brian |last2=Covell |first2=Katherine |date=July 2010 |title=Miseducating children about their rights |url=http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1746197910370724 |journal=Education, Citizenship and Social Justice |language=en |volume=5 |issue=2 |pages=91–102 |doi=10.1177/1746197910370724 |issn=1746-1979 |s2cid=145540907}}</ref> Wannan ya haɗa da samar da yanayi mai aminci ga yara su girma da ci gaba, kare su daga cin zarafin jiki, motsin rai da jima'i, da kuma tabbatar da cewa suna da damar samun ilimi, kiwon lafiya, da albarkatu don cika bukatun su na asali.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Child protection |url=https://www.unicef.org/child-protection |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230307054418/https://www.unicef.org/child-protection |archive-date=2023-03-07 |access-date=2023-03-18 |website=www.unicef.org |language=en}}</ref> === '''Tsarin kariya ga yara''' === saiti ne na ayyuka, yawanci gwamnati ce, an tsara su don kare yara da matasa da ba su kai shekaru ba da kuma karfafa kwanciyar hankali na iyali. [[UNICEF]] ta bayyana <ref>{{Cite web |title=Economic and Social Council |url=https://www.unicef.org/protection/CP_Strategy_English(1).pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180123072805/https://www.unicef.org/protection/CP_Strategy_English(1).pdf |archive-date=January 23, 2018 |access-date=January 23, 2018 |website=[[UNICEF]]}}</ref> tsarin kariya ga yara kamar haka: A karkashin Mataki na 19 na Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan 'Yancin Yara', 'tsarin kariya ga yara' yana ba da kariya ga Yara a ciki da waje. Ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin da za a iya ba da wannan shine ta hanyar samar da [[Manufar Ci Gaban Ci Gaban 4|ilimi mai inganci]], na huɗu na Manufofin Ci Gaban Ci Gaban Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, ban da sauran tsarin kariya ga yara. Wasu wallafe-wallafen suna jayayya cewa kariya ta yara ta fara ne a lokacin daukar ciki; har ma da yadda daukar ciki ya faru na iya shafar ci gaban yaro. == Tsaro daga == [[Fayil:Children at play.jpeg|thumb|yawanci aikin yara wasa]] === Ayyukan yara === Aikin yara shine aikin samun yara su shiga cikin ayyukan tattalin arziki na ɗan lokaci ko cikakken lokaci.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=ANKER |first=Richard |date=September 2000 |title=The economics of child labour: A framework for measurement |url= |journal=International Labour Review |volume=139 |issue=3 |pages=257–280 |doi=10.1111/j.1564-913x.2000.tb00204.x |issn=0020-7780}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Martin |first=Mervyn |date=June 2013 |title=Child labour: parameters, developmental implications, causes and consequences |url= |journal=Contemporary Social Science |volume=8 |issue=2 |pages=156–165 |doi=10.1080/21582041.2012.751501 |issn=2158-2041 |s2cid=167660954}}</ref> Wannan aikin yana da lahani ga ci gaban jiki da tunani. An dauke shi wani nau'i ne na cin zarafi kuma ba bisa ka'ida ba ne a kasashe da yawa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Donnelly |first=Peter |last2=Petherick |first2=Leanne |date=September 2004 |title=Workers' Playtime? Child Labour at the Extremes of the Sporting Spectrum |url= |journal=Sport in Society |volume=7 |issue=3 |pages=301–321 |doi=10.1080/1743043042000291659 |issn=1743-0437 |s2cid=145578897}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |date=2015-07-13 |title=''Child Maltreatment'' 2014 Best Article Award |url= |journal=Child Maltreatment |volume=20 |issue=3 |pages=221 |doi=10.1177/1077559515594086 |issn=1077-5595 |s2cid=220187852}}</ref> Saboda dalilai na tattalin arziki, musamman a kasashe matalauta, ana tilasta yara suyi aiki don su tsira. Ayyukan yara galibi suna faruwa a cikin yanayi mai wahala, wanda ke da haɗari kuma yana lalata ilimin 'yan ƙasa na gaba, kuma yana ƙara haɗari ga manya.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Grey |first=Jeffrey |last2=Brett |first2=Rachel |last3=Specht |first3=Irma |date=2005 |title=Young Soldiers: Why They Choose to Fight |url= |journal=International Journal |volume=60 |issue=4 |pages=1181 |doi=10.2307/40204117 |issn=0020-7020 |jstor=40204117}}</ref> Yana da wahala a san daidai shekarun da yawan yara waɗanda abin ya shafa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Digital |first=Swace |date=2007 |title=Save the Children's Definition of Child Protection |url=https://resourcecentre.savethechildren.net/document/save-childrens-definition-child-protection/ |access-date=2023-03-08 |website=Save the Children's Resource Centre |language=en}}</ref> Akalla yara miliyan 152 da ba su kai shekara biyar ba sun yi aiki a cikin 2016, amma an rage adadin saboda ba a ƙidaya aikin gida ba.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017 |title=Global Estimates of Child Labour, Results and Trends, 2012–2016 |url=http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---dgreports/---dcomm/documents/publication/wcms_575499.pdf |access-date=2018-01-23 |website=International Labour Organization |language=en}}</ref> Ba za a iya ƙidaya ainihin kididdigar daidai ba saboda yawancin lokuta na aikin yara ba a gani ba. === Haɗari === Haɗarin yara shine aikin sanya yaro a cikin halin da ake ciki wanda ya yi watsi da lafiyarsu ko rayuwarsu.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-12-23 |title=10 U.S. Code § 919b – Art. 119b. Child endangerment |url=https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section919b&num=0&edition=prelim |access-date=2023-09-30 |website=Office of the Law Revision Council United States Code}}</ref> Haɗarin yara na iya haifar da mummunan sakamako na jiki da na tunani. Wannan na iya fitowa daga kulawar iyaye, watsi da yara, da sauran dalilai da yawa. === Kisan jarirai (kisan yara) === Kisan jarirai shine kisan jarirai da kananan yara da gangan.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Higginbotham |date=2011 |title=&lt;em&gt;Reformers, Patrons and Philanthropists: The Cowper-Temples and High Politics in Victorian England&lt;/em&gt;, by James Gregory |url= |journal=Victorian Studies |volume=53 |issue=3 |pages=536 |doi=10.2979/victorianstudies.53.3.536 |issn=0042-5222 |s2cid=142590142}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Brookman |first=Fiona |last2=Nolan |first2=Jane |date=July 2006 |title=The Dark Figure of Infanticide in England and Wales |url= |journal=Journal of Interpersonal Violence |volume=21 |issue=7 |pages=869–889 |doi=10.1177/0886260506288935 |issn=0886-2605 |pmid=16731989 |s2cid=11302352}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Denham |first=Aaron R. |last2=Adongo |first2=Philip B. |last3=Freydberg |first3=Nicole |last4=Hodgson |first4=Abraham |date=August 2010 |title=Chasing spirits: Clarifying the spirit child phenomenon and infanticide in Northern Ghana |url= |journal=Social Science & Medicine |volume=71 |issue=3 |pages=608–615 |doi=10.1016/j.socscimed.2010.04.022 |issn=0277-9536 |pmid=20605304}}</ref> An rubuta wannan aikin a cikin tarihi kuma har yanzu yana faruwa a wasu al'adu a yau, yawanci sakamakon talauci da / ko wasu matsin lamba na zamantakewa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Patterson |first=Cynthia |date=1985 |title="Not Worth the Rearing": The Causes of Infant Exposure in Ancient Greece |url= |journal=Transactions of the American Philological Association |volume=115 |pages=103–123 |doi=10.2307/284192 |issn=0360-5949 |jstor=284192}}</ref> Iyaye, dangi, ko baƙi na iya aiwatar da kisan jarirai kuma galibi ana ganinsa a matsayin nau'in tashin hankali na jinsi, tunda ana iya kashe jarirai mata fiye da maza.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bhatt |first=R.V. |date=December 1998 |title=Domestic violence and substance abuse |url= |journal=International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics |volume=63 |pages=S25–S31 |doi=10.1016/s0020-7292(98)00181-7 |issn=0020-7292 |pmid=10075209 |s2cid=25528652}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Krantz |first=G. |date=2005-10-01 |title=Violence against women |url= |journal=Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health |volume=59 |issue=10 |pages=818–821 |doi=10.1136/jech.2004.022756 |issn=0143-005X |pmc=1732916 |pmid=16166351 |s2cid=29376851}}</ref> A wasu lokuta, ana iya amfani da kisan jarirai don ɓoye shaidar jima'i ko fyade. An fi yin sa ne a al'adun da ake amfani da su a cikin al'adun inda ake da fifiko ga yara maza, ko kuma inda albarkatun ba su da yawa. A wasu ƙasashe, ana iya ɗaure yara saboda laifuka na yau da kullun. A wasu ƙasashe, kamar Iran ko China, ana iya yanke wa masu laifi [[Hukuncin Kisa|hukuncin kisa]] saboda laifukan da aka aikata yayin da suke yara (Amurka ta watsar da aikin a shekara ta 2005).<ref>{{Cite journal |last=B. |first=J. H. |last2=Young |first2=E. Hilton |date=November 1912 |title=Foreign Companies and Other Corporations |url= |journal=Harvard Law Review |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=96 |doi=10.2307/1324306 |issn=0017-811X |jstor=1324306}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=HOOD |first=ROGER |date=July 2001 |title=Capital Punishment |url= |journal=Punishment & Society |volume=3 |issue=3 |pages=331–354 |doi=10.1177/1462474501003003001 |issn=1462-4745 |s2cid=143875533}}</ref> A cikin yanayin da ake Amfani da yara na soja, suna kuma haɗarin zama fursunonin yaki. Sauran yara ana tilasta su cikin karuwanci, manya suna amfani da su don zirga-zirgar yara ba bisa ka'ida ba, ko kuma suna cikin haɗari ta talauci da yunwa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ibarra |first=Peter R. |date=July 2007 |title=''Children in the Global Sex Trade''. By Julia O'Connell Davidson. Cambridge: Polity Press, 2005. Pp. viii+178. $62.95 (cloth); $24.95 (paper). |url= |journal=American Journal of Sociology |volume=113 |issue=1 |pages=292–294 |doi=10.1086/520904 |issn=0002-9602}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ojo |first=Matthias Olufemi Dada |date=2013-01-28 |title=A Sociological Investigation of Awareness and Causes of Intimate Partner Violence in Nigeria: A Survey of Agege, Lagos State |journal=Asian Social Science |volume=9 |issue=2 |doi=10.5539/ass.v9n2p231 |issn=1911-2025 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Kisan jarirai a yau yana ci gaba da yawa a yankunan da ke da matsanancin talauci da yawan jama'a, kamar sassan China da Indiya. Jarirai mata, a lokacin har ma da yanzu, suna da matukar damuwa, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa aka zaɓi jima'i.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nandi |first=Arindam |last2=Deolalikar |first2=Anil B. |date=July 2013 |title=Does a legal ban on sex-selective abortions improve child sex ratios? Evidence from a policy change in India |url= |journal=Journal of Development Economics |volume=103 |pages=216–228 |doi=10.1016/j.jdeveco.2013.02.007 |issn=0304-3878}}</ref> === Cin zarafin yara === Yara da yawa da suka zo ga tsarin jin dadin yara suna yin hakan ne saboda yanayin da ake kira cin zarafin yara. Cin zarafi yawanci ya haɗa da cin zarafin iko, ko yin amfani da iko don wani dalili ba tare da niyya ba.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Zimring |first=Franklin E. |last2=Johnson |first2=David T. |date=2005-05-26 |title=On the Comparative Study of Corruption |url= |journal=The British Journal of Criminology |volume=45 |issue=6 |pages=793–809 |doi=10.1093/bjc/azi042 |issn=1464-3529}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Orentlicher |first=Diane F. |date=1991 |title=Settling Accounts: The Duty to Prosecute Human Rights Violations of a Prior Regime |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/796903 |journal=The Yale Law Journal |volume=100 |issue=8 |pages=2537–2615 |doi=10.2307/796903 |issn=0044-0094 |jstor=796903}}</ref> Wannan ya haɗa da sakaci da gangan, da gangan ba tare da yin amfani da iko don manufar da aka nufa ba. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa aka bayyana cin zarafin yara a matsayin amfani da matsayin amincewa da aka saka hannun jari da iko.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=World Health Organization |date=January 2002 |title=WHO/CONRAD Technical Consultation on Nonoxynol-9, World Health Organization, Geneva, 9–10 October 2001: Summary Report |journal=Reproductive Health Matters |volume=10 |issue=20 |pages=175–181 |doi=10.1016/s0968-8080(02)00085-x |issn=0968-8080 |pmid=12569895 |s2cid=23890301 |doi-access=free}}</ref> * Cin zarafin jiki shine cin zarafin jiki ko kuma bulala a kan yaro. Yayinda harin ya sami mummunar sakamako wanda wanda aka azabtar bai yarda da shi ba (bambanci tsakanin tiyata da wuka) wanda aka azabta ya yarda da sakamakon batir amma yarjejeniyar ta yaudara ce ta wata hanya (misali tiyata mara amfani a ƙarƙashin ƙarya). Cin zarafin jiki kuma cin zarafi ne, kasancewar jiki da aka nufa don haifar da tsoro. * Cin zarafin yara shine cin zarafin jima'i ko kuma batsa a kan yaro. Yawancin hare-haren jiki martani ne ga halin da ya shafi takamaiman wanda aka azabtar. Harin jima'i galibi gamsar da mai aikata laifin ne akan duk wani manufa da ya dace. Cin zarafin jima'i ya rufe kewayon hare-hare kai tsaye da kai tsaye (misali hotuna) da kuma hanyoyin sauƙaƙe kamar su stalking da laifukan intanet. * An bayyana sakaci na yara a matsayin rashin ɗaukar isasshen matakai don kare yaro daga lahani, da kuma babban sakaci wajen samar da bukatun yaro. Bukatu sune matakan da za a dauka don karewa da samar da yaro. Tsaro shine aikin mutum da aka ba shi ikon alhakin yaro ya dauki matakan da suka dace don kare yaron. Idan an yi wa yaro cin zarafin jiki ko jima'i to akwai mutum (mai cin zarafi) da ke da alhakin harin da kuma mutum (marasa kulawa) da ke dauke da rashin karewa daga harin. A wasu lokuta suna iya zama iri ɗaya. * Cin zarafin tunani shine lokacin da ya cika bukatun yaro ta hanyar daukar matakan da suka dace don karewa da samar wa yaron burin da jin daɗinsa dole ne a yi la'akari da shi yayin yanke shawara kan isar da tanadin da ya fi dacewa da bukatun yaro. Da gangan rashin samarwa daidai da sha'awar yaro da ji yayin da yake cikin mafi kyawun sha'awar yaron shine cin zarafin motsin rai (haɓaka da gangan na damuwa) ko kuma sakaci shine sakaci na motsin rai. === Hakkin iyaye === Hakkin iyaye shine wajibi ne na doka na iyaye don samar da bukatun jiki, motsin rai, da na kudi na yaransu. Wannan ya haɗa da samar da abinci, mafaka, tufafi, ilimi, kula da lafiya, da goyon bayan motsin rai. Har ila yau, ya haɗa da kare yaro daga lahani da tabbatar da amincinsu. A cikin 1984 Majalisar Turai, hukumar da ke kula da Yarjejeniyar Turai kan 'Yancin Dan Adam, ta ba da Shawarwari R (84) 4 kan Ayyukan Iyaye.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Council of Europe European Committee on Legal Co-operation – European Committee on Legal Co-operation – www.coe.int |url=https://www.coe.int/en/web/cdcj |access-date=June 13, 2023 |website=European Committee on Legal Co-operation}}</ref> Wadannan sun bayyana alhakin iyaye a matsayin ayyukan 'aiki' da za a cika da kuma ikon da za a iya amfani da shi don biyan waɗannan ayyukan.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Children Act 1989 |url=http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1989/41/section/105 |access-date=June 13, 2023 |website=www.legislation.gov.uk}}</ref> Cin zarafin yara da sakaci shine gazawar mutumin da ke da iyaye ko wani alhakin kariya don yin amfani da iko don manufar da aka nufa, wanda shine amfanin yaro. Ayyuka yawanci sun haɗa da ayyukan da aka tsara don tallafawa iyalai masu haɗari don su iya kasancewa cikakke don karewa da inganta walwalar yaro, bincike kan zargin cin zarafin yara kuma, idan ya cancanta, ɗaukar nauyin iyaye ta hanyar kulawa da tallafi. === Cin zarafin yara === Cin zarafin yara yana nufin kowane irin mummunan magani ko cin zarafi wanda ke haifar da lahani ga yaro mara taimako. Misalan Cin zarafin yara sun haɗa da cin zarafin jiki, cin zarafin jima'i, cin zarafi na motsin rai, cin zaraf, hanawa da sakaci.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ERIC – Education Resources Information Center |url=https://eric.ed.gov/ |access-date=2023-03-23 |website=eric.ed.gov}}</ref> Tasirin cin zarafin da aka yi wa wadanda abin ya shafa sau da yawa ya haɗa da rauni na jiki, rauni na tunani da na halayyar, kuma ana iya ɗaukarsa a cikin tsararraki.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Home – Child Welfare Information Gateway |url=https://www.childwelfare.gov/ |access-date=2023-03-23 |website=www.childwelfare.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=15 April 2023 |title=Child Protection Integrated Flood Response |url=https://shifafoundation.org/health-nutrition-child-protection-integratd-flood-response-sindh/ |access-date=June 15, 2023 |website=www.shifafoundation.org}}</ref> Cin zarafin yara na mai kula da yara matsala ce ta duniya wacce za ta iya faruwa a cikin shirye-shiryen tallafi, ba tare da la'akari da matsayin zamantakewa ba kuma a lokuta na nuna bambanci da ciki da wuri ko ba a so. Yara da aka karɓa na iya zama abin ƙyama fiye da yara na halitta. Bugu da ƙari, yara na iya shan wahala saboda matsayinsu na zamantakewa, kuma an rubuta nuna bambanci bisa ga launin fata a matsayin abin da ke haifar da cin zarafin yara. Ciki mara kyau na iya kara tashin hankali a cikin gida, wanda zai iya haifar da cin zarafin yaro.<ref>{{Cite web |title=National Center for Biotechnology Information |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ |access-date=2023-03-23 |website=www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov |language=en}}</ref> Akwai ayyuka daban-daban don magance ko hana cin zarafin yara; kamfanoni ko hukumomin gwamnati na iya bayar da waɗannan ayyukan. Inda waɗannan ayyukan suka haɗu da shari'o'in zalunci, jihar ta haifar da yanayin iyali mai tallafawa ga yaron da aka zalunta. Wannan ya haɗa da tsara ƙungiyoyin jama'a da masu zaman kansu waɗanda ke ba da kulawa ga yara da iyalai.<ref>{{Cite web |title=UK Government Web Archive |url=https://www.education.gov.uk/publications/eOrderingDownload/Framework%20for%20the%20assessment%20of%20children%20in%20need%20and%20their%20families.pdf |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20130401151715/https://www.education.gov.uk/publications/eOrderingDownload/Framework%20for%20the%20assessment%20of%20children%20in%20need%20and%20their%20families.pdf |archive-date=April 1, 2013 |access-date=June 13, 2023}}</ref> Rashin kula da yara na iya faruwa a lokuta inda jihar ko wasu masu kula da yara ke da alhakin jin daɗin yaro. === Sauran === Binciken Hukumar Tarayyar Turai na 2014 game da tsarin kariya ga yara ya lissafa waɗannan nau'ikan yara da ke buƙatar taimako: <ref>{{Cite web |title=EUSurvey – Survey unavailable |url=https://ec.europa.eu/eusurvey/runner/EU-guidance-on-integrated-Child-Protection-Systems |access-date=June 13, 2023 |website=ec.europa.eu}}</ref> * Yara da aka zalunta ko zalunci na yanar gizo * Yara da aka yi wa yankan mata ko auren tilas * Yara da aka yi wa watsi da su ko kuma cin zarafi * Yara da aka yi wa cin zarafin jima'i / cin zarafin * Wadanda aka yi wa fataucin yara * Yaran da ke fama da rikice-rikicen kula da yara, gami da sace yara na iyaye * Yara daga cikin kabilun tsiraru, misali Roma * Yaran da aka bari a baya (daga iyaye da suka koma wata kasa ta EU don aiki) * Yara a cikin yanayin ƙaura * Yara a cikin shari'a * Yara a cikin ko a cikin haɗarin talauci * Yara a hannun 'yan sanda ko tsare * Yaran iyaye a kurkuku ko tsare * Yara masu nakasa * Yara ba tare da kulawar iyaye ba / a cikin wani kulawa * Yaran da ba su da ilimi ko horo ko yara masu aiki a kasa da shekarun aiki don aiki * Yaran da suka ɓace (misali masu gudu, yara da aka sace, yara marasa raka'a suna ɓacewa) * Yara marasa raka'a a cikin yanayin ƙaura == Yarjejeniyar Kasa da Kasa == Kungiyar Ma'aikata ta Duniya (ILO) hukuma ce ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da ke kula da batutuwan aiki, wacce aka kafa a shekarar 1919. Yana kula da batutuwan aikin yara, musamman tare da tarurruka 138 da 182. A ranar 20 ga Nuwamba 1959 Babban Taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya amince da [[Sanarwar 'Yancin Yara]] a lokacin Yarjejeniyar kan' Yancin Yara. Asusun Yara na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ([[UNICEF]]) Shirin Majalisar Dinkinobho ne wanda ke da hedikwata a Birnin New York, wanda ke ba da taimakon jin kai da ci gaba na dogon lokaci ga yara da uwaye a kasashe masu tasowa.   == Tarihi == Dokokin gwamnatocin larduna ko jihohi na kare yara suna ba wa ma'aikatar gwamnati ko hukuma damar samar da ayyuka a yankin da kuma shiga tsakani a cikin iyalai inda ake zargin cin zarafin yara ko wasu matsaloli. Hukumar da ke kula da waɗannan ayyukan tana da sunaye daban-daban a larduna da jihohi daban-daban, misali, Ma'aikatar Ayyukan Yara, Taimakon Yara, Ma'aikatar Ayyukan Yara da Iyali. Akwai ɗan daidaito a yanayin dokoki, kodayake aiwatar da dokokin ya bambanta a faɗin ƙasar. [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] ta magance cin zarafin yara a matsayin batun haƙƙin ɗan adam, ta ƙara wani sashi musamman ga yara a cikin Universal Declaration of Human Rights: {{Blockquote|Kasancewar an gane cewa, domin yaro ya samu cikakken ci gaban halayensa da kuma daidaiton rayuwarsa, ya kamata ya girma a cikin yanayin iyali da kuma yanayi mai cike da farin ciki, kauna da fahimtar juna; ya kamata a ba shi damar rayuwa; damar samun cikakken ci gaba; kariya daga tasiri mai cutarwa, cin zarafi da kuma cin gajiyarsa; tare da damar shiga cikin harkokin iyali, al'adu da rayuwar al'umma yadda ya kamata.}} ==manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 167b93lhp7gk00msz2ybpxgmyk06jat 0 81267 878833 828369 2026-07-08T08:45:18Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878833 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Crypto key topicon.svg|thumb|Key]] {{databox}} Ana amfani da kalmar kulle-kulle don bayyana rashin iyawar ma'aikaci ya bar aiki kyauta saboda yin hakan zai haifar da asarar fa'idodin ma'aikayi (yawanci lafiya ko ritaya). A cikin ma'ana mai zurfi, kulle-kulle na aiki na iya bayyana halin da ake ciki inda ake biyan ma'aikaci sama da sikelin ko kuma ya tara fa'idodi masu mahimmanci, don haka canza ayyukan ba wani zaɓi ne na gaskiya ba saboda zai haifar da karamin albashi, karancin lokacin hutu, da [[Sauran rubutun mata|sauransu]]. == Bayani na gaba ɗaya == Saboda babbar hanyar inshora ga yawancin Amurkawa ita ce Inshorar Lafiya da Ma'aikaci (EPHI) kuma ma'aikaci ba zai iya ɗaukar EPHI tare da su ba lokacin da suka bar aikinsu, kulle-kulle na aiki mai alaƙa da fa'idodi damuwa ne a Amurka. Rashin jigilar EPHI shine abin da ke sa ma'aikata su kulle cikin ayyukansu na yanzu, saboda haka kalmar kulle aikin. Bridget Madrian ta yi jayayya a cikin 1994 cewa alaƙar da ke tsakanin EPHI da motsi na Kasuwar aiki muhimmiyar mahimmanci ce wajen kimanta shawarwari da yawa don sake fasalin tsarin kiwon lafiya na Amurka.<ref name="Madrian">{{Cite journal |last=Madrian |first=Brigitte C. |year=1994 |title=Employment-Based Health Insurance and Job Mobility: Is There Evidence of Job-Lock? |url=http://www.nber.org/papers/w4476.pdf |journal=[[Quarterly Journal of Economics]] |volume=109 |issue=1 |pages=27–54 |doi=10.2307/2118427 |jstor=2118427 |s2cid=154121014}}</ref> Binciken da Madrian ya yi (1994) ya kiyasta cewa toshewar aiki ya rage yawan masu sa kai na waɗanda ke da EPHI da kashi 25 cikin dari. Ƙoƙarin majalisa waɗanda suka yi ƙoƙari su magance kulle-kulle na aikin da ya shafi inshora na kiwon lafiya a Amurka sune Dokar sulhu ta kasafin kudi ta 1985 (COBRA) da Dokar Kula da Inshora ta Kiwon Lafiya da Dokar Kulawa ta 1996 (HIPAA).  {{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2013}}Koyaya, ma'aikata na iya buƙatar tsoffin ma'aikatan su biya kashi 102 cikin 100 na cikakken kuɗin COBRA tsakanin sauran matsaloli da yawa kuma HIPAA ba ta tabbatar da cewa ma'aikatan da ke canza ayyukan za su sami damar ɗaukar inshorar lafiya a kan sabon aikin ko kuma ɗaukar da aka bayar zai kasance mai araha. Don haka, COBRA ko HIPAA ba su tabbatar da iya biyan inshorar kiwon lafiya ba - babban dalilin kulle-kulle.<ref>{{Cite web |title="Job Lock" Not Diminished by New HIPAA Law, EBRI Reports &#124; EBRI<!-- Bot generated title --> |url=http://www.ebri.org/publications/prel/index.cfm?fa=prelDisp&content_id=338 |access-date=2024-07-11 |archive-date=2015-09-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923232842/http://www.ebri.org/publications/prel/index.cfm?fa=prelDisp&content_id=338 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=September 29, 2013 |title=Quitting for Obamacare: Trapped workers may seek relief in new health exchanges |url=http://www.nbcnews.com/healthmain/quitting-obamacare-trapped-workers-may-seek-relief-new-health-exchanges-8C11277058 |website=NBC News}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=January 22, 2009 |title=COBRA insurance too expensive for most people |url=https://www.wral.com/story/5onyourside/story/4380016/ |website=WRAL.com}}</ref><ref>Muir, Jennifer (2019-01-19). [https://www.ocregister.com/2009/01/19/cobra-insurance-is-too-expensive-for-unemployed-report-says/ Cobra insurance is too expensive for unemployed, report says] ''Orange County Register''.</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Study: COBRA Insurance Too Expensive for Unemployed – The Commonwealth Fund<!-- Bot generated title --> |url=http://www.commonwealthfund.org/Newsletters/Washington-Health-Policy-in-Review/2009/Jan/Washington-Health-Policy-Week-in-Review---January-12--2009/Study--COBRA-Insurance-Too-Expensive-for-Unemployed.aspx |access-date=2024-07-11 |archive-date=2013-12-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131212024447/http://www.commonwealthfund.org/Newsletters/Washington-Health-Policy-in-Review/2009/Jan/Washington-Health-Policy-Week-in-Review---January-12--2009/Study--COBRA-Insurance-Too-Expensive-for-Unemployed.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Dalilan da suka haifar == Halin da za a iya samun karancin kiwon lafiya a sabon aikin yana kara Hadarin kudi da ke tattare da motsa ayyukan, yana mai da canji a cikin ayyukan da ke da tsada sosai, don haka ma'aikata suna iya kasancewa a kulle a cikin ayyukansu na yanzu maimakon yin hadarin canja wurin aiki. Idan ma'aikata sun san cewa duk cututtukan su za su sami irin wannan ɗaukar hoto ba tare da la'akari da ko suna aiki ba, inda suke aiki, ko kuma tsawon lokacin da suka kasance a aiki, inshorar lafiya ba za ta zama abin hana ma'aikacin motsi ba.<ref name="Madrian"/> Duk da yake ana iya siyan inshorar kiwon lafiya a kan mutum a cikin jihohin da ke ba da izinin biyan kuɗi na likita, ana iya ƙin ɗaukar mutane da ke da yanayin kiwon lafiya da kuma fuskantar manyan kudade ko cirewa. Misali na kulle-kulle na aiki saboda shirin fansho mai fa'ida zai zama wanda ke aiki ga kamfani na tsawon shekaru 20, don haka samun fa'idar samun ritaya. Idan sun bar yin aiki ga wani kamfani ana sake dawo da fa'idodinsu kuma a ƙarshe sun fahimci ƙananan fa'idodi na ritaya. == Yaduwar == [[National Medical Expenditure Survey|Binciken Kudin Kiwon Lafiya na Kasa]] na 1987 (NMES) wanda ya samo samfurori ga maza masu aure a Amurka masu shekaru 20-55 ya gano cewa yawan tafiye-tafiye na aiki ya kasance 30-31% ƙasa da waɗanda ke da inshorar lafiya da aka ba su aiki, idan aka kwatanta da waɗanda ba su da shi. Wani bita na wallafe-wallafen NMES a cikin wannan shekarar ya gano cewa binciken yawanci ya ba da rahoton raguwar kashi 20-40% a cikin motsi saboda inshorar lafiya da ke da alaƙa da aiki. Nazarin Kwamitin 1984 na Dynamics na Ingilishi wanda ke nazarin yawan motsi tsakanin ma'aikatan cikakken lokaci masu shekaru 25-55 bai sami sakamako mai mahimmanci ba. Binciken Kasuwanci da Shirin Shirin (SIPP) (1985, 1986, 1987) ya gano cewa manufofin jihohi da tarayya don ba da umarnin ci gaba da ɗaukar hoto sun kara yawan aikin ma'aikatan maza na farko. A 1984 SIPP ya gano cewa ga maza da mata masu aure biyu, akwai "shaida mai ƙarfi" na kulle-kulle tsakanin mata, amma "shaida mara ƙarfi" na rufe-kulle na aiki tsakanin maza. Lokacin da ake ƙoƙarin kimanta yadda sau da yawa kulle-kulle na aiki ke faruwa, dole ne mutum ya sarrafa abubuwan da ke waje waɗanda zasu iya rinjayar shawarar ma'aikaci ban da haɗarin rasa kulawar lafiya. Sauran dalilai na iya haɗawa da albashi na farko da tayin albashi da ake tsammani a sabon aiki, wasu fa'idodi, gogewa, da Tsaro na aiki. == Tasirin == Rufewar aiki yana da mummunan sakamako uku ga al'umma. Ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da ke tattare da shi shine waɗanda suke so su sauya ayyukan sun fi son wani aiki saboda akwai amfani mafi girma da ke da alaƙa da shi (misali ya fi dacewa da ƙwarewarsu da basirarsu). Koyaya, idan sun "ƙuntata" a cikin aiki, mummunan waje shine cewa suna da ma'aikata marasa inganci kuma ba masu amfani ga kamfanin da al'umma ba. Ma'aikata suna hana su sauyawa zuwa ayyukan da suka fi dacewa da samarwa, kuma wannan rashin motsi na albarkatun ma'aikata yana haifar da ƙananan matakin yawan aiki da kuma kudin shiga na kasa. Ma'anar ta biyu ita ce masu amfani da babbar haɗari sun fi fuskantar kullewar aiki saboda tsoron rasa ɗaukar kuɗi don kuɗin kiwon lafiya na yau da kullun (sun san darajar da ake tsammani na kudaden kiwon lafiya). Ma'aikata suna ba da fa'idodin inshorar lafiya don tabbatar da cewa ma'aikatan su suna da lafiya kuma, sabili da haka, ma'aikata masu aiki. Koyaya, tunda kulle-kulle na aiki ya zama ruwan dare a cikin ma'aikatan da ke da haɗari sosai, masu ba da aiki suna riƙe da ma'aikatan haɗari a matsayin wani ɓangare na kamfaninsu. Masana tattalin arziki sun kirkiro ma'anar ta uku a matsayin "kulle na kasuwanci".<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gumus |first=Gulcin |date=2015 |title=Self-employment and the Role of Health Insurance in the U.S. |journal=Journal of Business Venturing |volume=30 |issue=3 |pages=357–374 |doi=10.1016/j.jbusvent.2014.01.001 |via=JSTOR}}</ref> Hakazalika da batun kulle-kulle na aiki, "kulle-kashen kasuwanci" yana faruwa ne lokacin da mutum ya yi jinkirin barin aikinsa ya zama ɗan kasuwa, saboda tsoron rasa inshorar lafiya da sauran fa'idodi da ke da alaƙa da aikin da aka biya. Koyaya, a wannan yanayin ba sa barin aiki daban, amma don yin aiki da kansu. An nuna cewa ma'aikacin inshorar kiwon lafiya ya rage yawan masu aiki da kansu, kuma haɗuwa da inshorar kiwo da aiki tare, yana da mummunar tasiri ga ƙirƙirar kasuwanci a Amurka.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Fairlie |first=Robert |date=2010 |title=Is Employer-Based Health Insurance A Barrier to Entrepreneurship? |url=http://www.ucd.ie/geary/static/publications/workingpapers/gearywp200939.pdf |journal=Journal of Health Economics |volume=30 |issue=1 |pages=146–162 |doi=10.1016/j.jhealeco.2010.09.003 |pmid=20952079 |s2cid=15756921 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> An gano inshorar kiwon lafiya ta jama'a (kamar a Turai) tana da tasiri mai kyau a kan samar da kasuwanci a cikin tattalin arziki, saboda gudummawar da ɗan kasuwa ya bayar ga tattalin arziki ta hanyar kirkirar aiki, kirkire-kirkire da ci gaban tattalin arziki.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Olds |first=Gareth |title=Entrepreneurship and Public Health Insurance |url=https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Publication%20Files/16-144_d9ce8326-eeaa-4650-a8af-6ff03c3f7e77.pdf |website=Harvard Business Review}}</ref> Makullin kasuwanci yana da mummunar tasiri ga al'umma da ma'aikaci. Dangane da al'umma, raguwar aikin kai da kasuwanci na iya haifar da mummunar tasiri ga kirkire-kirkire. Bugu da ƙari, an nuna kasuwanci don ƙara gamsuwa da rayuwa idan aka kwatanta da matsayi na albashi. == Dubi kuma == * Canja shingen * Hannun hannu na zinariya - ƙarin albashi, don ƙarfafa ma'aikaci ya zauna tare da kamfanin == manazarta == <references /> == Ƙarin karantawa == * {{Cite journal |last=Adams |first=S. J. |year=2004 |title=Employer-provided Health Insurance and Job Change |journal=Contemporary Economic Policy |volume=22 |issue=3 |pages=357–369 |doi=10.1093/cep/byh026}} * Bansak, Cynthia da Steven Raphael (2007). "The State Children's Health Insurance Program and Job Mobility: Gano Job Lock tsakanin Iyaye masu aiki a cikin Kusan Talakawa, "Manufar Masana'antu da Harkokin Ma'aikata Review, Vol. 61, Na 4, Mataki na 7. * {{Cite journal |last=Berger |first=Mark C. |last2=Black |first2=Dan A. |last3=Scott |first3=Frank A. |year=2004 |title=Is There Job Lock? Evidence from the Pre-HIPAA Era |journal=[[Southern Economic Journal]] |volume=70 |issue=4 |pages=953–976 |doi=10.2307/4135282 |jstor=4135282}} * {{Cite journal |last=Gruber |first=Jonathan |last2=Madrian |first2=Brigitte C. |year=1994 |title=Health Insurance and Job Mobility: The Effects of Public Policy on Job-Lock |journal=Industrial and Labor Relations Review |volume=48 |issue=1 |pages=86–102 |doi=10.1177/001979399404800107 |jstor=2524628 |s2cid=153554866}} *   * [Hasiya] "Kulle-Aiki: Wani Matsala ga Motsawar Ma'aikata? Shin Inshorar Lafiya tana gurgunta Kasuwar Ma'aikata?," Tattalin Arziki Taƙaitaccen Tarihi na 10, Cibiyar Tattalin Ruwa. * Johnson, Richard W., Davidoff, Amy J. da Kevin Perese (2003). "Kayan Inshora na Lafiya da Shawarwarin Fitowa na Farko," Binciken Harkokin Masana'antu da Ayyuka, Vol. 56, Na 4, Mataki na 9. * {{Cite journal |last=Kapur |first=Kanika |year=1998 |title=The Impact of Health on Job Mobility: A Measure of Job Lock |url=http://researchrepository.ucd.ie/bitstream/10197/297/3/kapurk_article_pub_003.pdf |journal=Industrial and Labor Relations Review |volume=51 |issue=2 |pages=282–298 |doi=10.1177/001979399805100208 |jstor=2525219 |s2cid=154262057 |hdl-access=free |access-date=2024-07-11 |archive-date=2025-12-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251229140326/https://researchrepository.ucd.ie/bitstream/10197/297/3/kapurk_article_pub_003.pdf |url-status=dead }} * Kapur, Kanika da Jeannette Rogowski (2006). " Matsayin Inshorar Lafiya a cikin Haɗin gwiwa tsakanin Ma'aurata," Industrial & Labor Relations Review, Vol. 60, Na 3, Mataki na 2. * {{Cite journal |last=Madrian |first=Brigitte C. |year=1994 |title=Employment-Based Health Insurance and Job Mobility: Is There Evidence of Job-Lock? |url=http://www.nber.org/papers/w4476.pdf |journal=[[Quarterly Journal of Economics]] |volume=109 |issue=1 |pages=27–54 |doi=10.2307/2118427 |jstor=2118427 |s2cid=154121014}} * [Hasiya] "[http://digitalcommons.ilr.cornell.edu/ilrreview/vol59/iss3/5 Kulle-Kulle da Manufofin Jama'a: Dokar Clinton ta Biyu]," Industrial & Labor Relations Review, Vol. 59, Na 3, Mataki na 5. * Stinson, Martha Harrison (2002 Yuli). "[http://econpapers.repec.org/cpd/2002/109_Stinson.pdf Kimanin Dangantaka tsakanin Inshorar Lafiya da Ma'aikaci ke bayarwa, Motsawar Ma'aikaciya, da Albashi]," Takardar da aka gabatar a Taron Duniya na 10 kan Bayanan Kwamitin, Berlin. * {{Cite journal |last=Stroupe |first=K. T. |last2=Kinney |first2=E. D. |last3=Kniesner |first3=T. J. J. |year=2001 |title=Chronic Illness and Health Insurance-Related Job Lock |url=http://surface.syr.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1132&context=cpr |journal=Journal of Policy Analysis and Management |volume=20 |issue=3 |pages=525–44 |doi=10.1002/pam.1006 |pmid=12693417 |s2cid=10490171}} {{Jobs}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] kl1i2e7m0gclrnin9gd0tuqk5xy4lj7 0 81509 878748 853009 2026-07-08T00:59:43Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878748 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Water resources, The Garden Way Compound - geograph.org.uk - 5615539.jpg|thumb|gonar aje ma adanan ruwa]] {databox}}{ albarkatun Ruwa albarkatun kasa ne na ruwa waɗanda zasu iya amfani da mutane, <ref>{{Cite web |title=water resource {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/science/water-resource |access-date=2022-05-17 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref> misali a matsayin tushen samar da ruwan sha ko ruwan ban ruwa. Kashi 97% na ruwa a Duniya ruwan gishiri ne kuma kashi uku ne kawai ruwa mai laushi; dan kadan fiye da kashi biyu bisa uku na wannan an daskare shi a cikin glaciers da kankara.<ref name="USGS dist">{{Cite web |title=Earth's water distribution |url=http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/waterdistribution.html |access-date=2009-05-13 |publisher=United States Geological Survey}}</ref> Sauran ruwan sha da ba a daskare ba ana samun su galibi a matsayin ruwan kasa, tare da karamin ɓangaren da ke sama da ƙasa ko a cikin iska.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Scientific Facts on Water: State of the Resource |url=http://www.greenfacts.org/en/water-resources/index.htm#2 |access-date=2008-01-31 |publisher=GreenFacts Website |archive-date=2018-07-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180724032145/http://www.greenfacts.org/en/water-resources/index.htm#2 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Tushen ruwa mai laushi ya haɗa da ruwa mai lawu, a ƙarƙashin kogin kogi, ruwa mai zurfi da [[Ƙanƙara (tsananin sanyi)|ruwan daskarewa]]. Tushen ruwa mai laushi wanda ba na halitta ba ko na mutum ba na iya haɗawa da ruwan da aka tsabtace shi don zaɓuɓɓukan sake amfani, da ruwan teku mai laushi. Mutane suna amfani da albarkatun ruwa don aikin [[noma]], masana'antu da ayyukan Gida. [[File:Sluis van Ooigem - 2020-1.jpg|thumb|Ma'adanai na ruwa]] Abubuwan dake cikin ruwa suna cikin barazana daga batutuwa da yawa. Akwai karancin ruwa, gurɓataccen ruwa, rikice-rikicen ruwa da [[Canjin yanayi]]. Ruwa mai laushi shine tushen sabuntawa. Koyaya, samar da ruwan kasa a duniya yana raguwa sosai. Rashin ruwa na kasa (ko overdrafting) yana faruwa misali a Asiya, Kudancin Amurka da Arewacin Amurka. == Tushen ruwa mai laushi ==  {{Pie chart}}Tushen ruwa mai laushi ya haɗa da ruwa mai lawu, a ƙarƙashin kogin kogi, ruwa mai zurfi da [[Ƙanƙara (tsananin sanyi)|ruwan daskarewa]]. === Ruwa na sama === [[Fayil:Parinacota.jpg|thumb|Tafkin Chungará da Dutsen Parinacota a arewacin Chile]] Ruwa na sama ruwa ne a cikin kogi, tafkin ko ruwa mai laushi. Ruwa na sama yana cike da hazo kuma ya ɓace ta hanyar fitarwa zuwa Tekuna, evaporation, evapotranspiration da sake caji na ruwa. Abinda kawai ke shigarwa ga kowane tsarin ruwa na sama shine hazo a cikin ruwa. Adadin ruwa a cikin wannan tsarin a kowane lokaci ya dogara da wasu dalilai da yawa. Wadannan dalilai sun hada da damar adanawa a cikin tafkuna, wuraren da ke da ruwa da wuraren ajiya na wucin gadi, ƙarancin [[Ƙasa (shinfidar ƙasa)|ƙasa]] a ƙarƙashin waɗannan jikin adanawa, halaye na [[Kwararar ruwa|runoff]] na ƙasar a cikin ruwa, lokacin hazo da ƙimar evaporation na gida. Duk waɗannan abubuwan suna shafar rabo na asarar ruwa. Mutane galibi suna ƙara ƙarfin ajiya ta hanyar gina tafkuna da rage shi ta hanyar zubar da ruwa. Mutane sau da yawa suna ƙara yawan runoff da sauri ta hanyar shimfida wuraren da kuma yin amfani da kwararar rafi. Ana iya ƙara ruwa na ƙasa ta hanyar shigo da ruwa daga wani ruwa ta hanyar tashar ruwa ko bututun mai. An kiyasta [[Brazil]] tana da mafi yawan ruwa mai laushi a duniya, sannan [[Rasha]] da [[Kanada]] suka biyo baya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The World's Water 2006–2007 Tables, Pacific Institute |url=http://www.worldwater.org/data.html |access-date=2009-03-12 |publisher=Worldwater.org}}</ref><gallery class="center" mode="packed" heights="85px"> Fayil:Sinclair_Wetlands.jpg|alt=Panorama of a natural wetland (Sinclair Wetlands, New Zealand)|''Hoton wuri mai laushi na halitta (Sinclair Wetlands, New Zealand) '' </gallery> ==== Ruwa daga kankara ==== Ana ɗaukar ruwan ƙanƙara a matsayin ruwa na sama. Himalayas, wanda galibi ake kira "The Roof of the World", ya ƙunshi wasu daga cikin manyan wurare masu tsawo a Duniya da kuma mafi girman yanki na kankara da permafrost a waje da sanduna. Goma daga cikin manyan koguna na Asiya suna gudana daga can, kuma fiye da biliyan daya na rayuwarsu sun dogara da su. Don rikitar da al'amuran, yanayin zafi yana tashi da sauri fiye da matsakaicin duniya. A Nepal, zafin jiki ya tashi da digiri 0.6 na Celsius a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata, yayin da a duniya, Duniya ta yi zafi kusan digiri 0.7 na Celsius a tsawon shekaru ɗari da suka gabata. === Ruwa na kasa === [[Fayil:Groundwater_flow.svg|thumb|300x300px|Lokaci na tafiye-tafiye na ruwa a ƙarƙashin ƙasa]] {{excerpt|Groundwater|paragraphs=1-2|file=no}} ==== A karkashin kogin ==== A ko'ina cikin kogin, jimlar ruwan da aka kai shi ƙasa sau da yawa zai zama haɗuwa da ruwan da ke bayyane tare da gudummawa mai yawa da ke gudana ta hanyar duwatsu da datti waɗanda ke ƙarƙashin kogin da ambaliyar ruwa da ake kira Yankin hyporheic. Ga koguna da yawa a cikin manyan kwari, wannan ɓangaren da ba a gani ba na kwarara na iya wucewa sosai fiye da kwararar da ake gani. Yankin hyporheic sau da yawa yana samar da ma'amala mai ƙarfi tsakanin ruwa mai zurfi da ruwa mai zurfin ƙasa daga aquifers, musayar gudana tsakanin koguna da aquifers waɗanda za a iya caji ko ƙarewa. Wannan yana da mahimmanci musamman a yankunan karst inda ramuka da koguna na karkashin kasa suka zama ruwan dare. == Tushen ruwa mai amfani == Akwai maɓuɓɓugar ruwa mai kyau da yawa. Ɗaya ana sarrafa ruwa mai guba (ruwa mai dawowa). Wani kuma shine janareto na ruwa na yanayi.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Shafeian |first=Nafise |last2=Ranjbar |first2=A.A. |last3=Gorji |first3=Tahereh B. |date=June 2022 |title=Progress in atmospheric water generation systems: A review |journal=Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews |language=en |volume=161 |pages=112325 |doi=10.1016/j.rser.2022.112325 |s2cid=247689027}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Jarimi |first=Hasila |last2=Powell |first2=Richard |last3=Riffat |first3=Saffa |date=18 May 2020 |title=Review of sustainable methods for atmospheric water harvesting |journal=International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies |volume=15 |issue=2 |pages=253–276 |doi=10.1093/ijlct/ctz072 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Raveesh |first=G. |last2=Goyal |first2=R. |last3=Tyagi |first3=S.K. |date=July 2021 |title=Advances in atmospheric water generation technologies |journal=Energy Conversion and Management |volume=239 |pages=114226 |bibcode=2021ECM...23914226R |doi=10.1016/j.enconman.2021.114226 |s2cid=236264708}}</ref> Rashin ruwa mai tsabta wani muhimmin tushe ne. Yana da mahimmanci a yi la'akari da tasirin tattalin arziki da muhalli na waɗannan fasahohin.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=van Vliet |first=Michelle T H |last2=Jones |first2=Edward R |last3=Flörke |first3=Martina |last4=Franssen |first4=Wietse H P |last5=Hanasaki |first5=Naota |last6=Wada |first6=Yoshihide |last7=Yearsley |first7=John R |date=2021-02-01 |title=Global water scarcity including surface water quality and expansions of clean water technologies |journal=Environmental Research Letters |volume=16 |issue=2 |pages=024020 |bibcode=2021ERL....16b4020V |doi=10.1088/1748-9326/abbfc3 |issn=1748-9326 |doi-access=free}}</ref> === Sake amfani da ruwa mai guba === {{excerpt|Reclaimed water|paragraphs=1,2|file=no}} === Ruwa mai cire gishiri === {{Excerpt|Desalination|paragraphs=1,2|file=no}} === Bincike kan wasu zaɓuɓɓuka === ==== Samun iska a kan teku ==== [[Fayil:Schematic_illustration_of_a_proposed_approach_for_capturing_moisture_above_the_ocean_surface_and_transporting_it_to_proximal_land_for_improving_water_security.webp|thumb|Hoton zane na hanyar da aka tsara don kama danshi a saman teku da kuma jigilar shi zuwa ƙasa mai kusa don inganta Tsaro na ruwa <ref name="10.1038/s41598-022-24314-2">{{Cite journal |last=Rahman |first=Afeefa |last2=Kumar |first2=Praveen |last3=Dominguez |first3=Francina |date=6 December 2022 |title=Increasing freshwater supply to sustainably address global water security at scale |journal=Scientific Reports |language=en |volume=12 |issue=1 |pages=20262 |bibcode=2022NatSR..1220262R |doi=10.1038/s41598-022-24314-2 |issn=2045-2322 |pmc=9726751 |pmid=36473864 |doi-access=free}} </ref>]] [[Fayil:Spatial_variability_of_water_yield_along_the_delineated_near-offshore_region_of_200_km_across_the_world.webp|thumb|Taswirar damuwa da bambancin sararin samaniya na amfanin ruwa tare da yankin da aka tsara kusa da bakin teku na kilomita 200 a duk faɗin duniya <ref name="10.1038/s41598-022-24314-2">{{Cite journal |last=Rahman |first=Afeefa |last2=Kumar |first2=Praveen |last3=Dominguez |first3=Francina |date=6 December 2022 |title=Increasing freshwater supply to sustainably address global water security at scale |journal=Scientific Reports |language=en |volume=12 |issue=1 |pages=20262 |bibcode=2022NatSR..1220262R |doi=10.1038/s41598-022-24314-2 |issn=2045-2322 |pmc=9726751 |pmid=36473864 |doi-access=free}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFRahmanKumarDominguez2022">Rahman, Afeefa; Kumar, Praveen; Dominguez, Francina (6 December 2022). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9726751 "Increasing freshwater supply to sustainably address global water security at scale"]. ''Scientific Reports''. '''12''' (1): 20262. [[Bibcode (masu ganewa)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2022NatSR..1220262R 2022NatSR..1220262R]. [[Doi (masu ganewa)|doi]]:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible">[[doi:10.1038/s41598-022-24314-2|10.1038/s41598-022-24314-2]]</span>. [[ISSN]]&nbsp;[[issn:2045-2322|2045-2322]]. [[PMC (mai ganewa)|PMC]]&nbsp;<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible">[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9726751 9726751]</span>. [[PMID (masu ganowa)|PMID]]&nbsp;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36473864 36473864].</cite> </ref>]] Masu bincike sun ba da shawarar "ƙaruwar ruwa mai laushi ta hanyar kama iska mai laushi a kan tekuna" don magance halin yanzu kuma, musamman, karancin ruwa / rashin tsaro a nan gaba.<ref name="10.1038/s41598-022-24314-2">{{Cite journal |last=Rahman |first=Afeefa |last2=Kumar |first2=Praveen |last3=Dominguez |first3=Francina |date=6 December 2022 |title=Increasing freshwater supply to sustainably address global water security at scale |journal=Scientific Reports |language=en |volume=12 |issue=1 |pages=20262 |bibcode=2022NatSR..1220262R |doi=10.1038/s41598-022-24314-2 |issn=2045-2322 |pmc=9726751 |pmid=36473864 |doi-access=free}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFRahmanKumarDominguez2022">Rahman, Afeefa; Kumar, Praveen; Dominguez, Francina (6 December 2022). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9726751 "Increasing freshwater supply to sustainably address global water security at scale"]. ''Scientific Reports''. '''12''' (1): 20262. [[Bibcode (masu ganewa)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2022NatSR..1220262R 2022NatSR..1220262R]. [[Doi (masu ganewa)|doi]]:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible">[[doi:10.1038/s41598-022-24314-2|10.1038/s41598-022-24314-2]]</span>. [[ISSN]]&nbsp;[[issn:2045-2322|2045-2322]]. [[PMC (mai ganewa)|PMC]]&nbsp;<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible">[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9726751 9726751]</span>. [[PMID (masu ganowa)|PMID]]&nbsp;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36473864 36473864].</cite> </ref> ==== Janareto na ruwa a ƙasa ==== Binciken kimantawa mai yuwuwa ya ba da shawarar na'urorin girbi na ruwa masu amfani da hasken rana waɗanda ke cikin ci gaba, tare da ka'idojin ƙira, gano cewa za su iya taimaka wa mutane biliyan su sami damar samun ruwan sha mai aminci, kodayake irin wannan ƙarni na ƙasa na iya "ƙuntata ƙoƙarin haɓaka ababen more rayuwa na dindindin" a wasu matsaloli.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Lord |first=Jackson |last2=Thomas |first2=Ashley |last3=Treat |first3=Neil |last4=Forkin |first4=Matthew |last5=Bain |first5=Robert |last6=Dulac |first6=Pierre |last7=Behroozi |first7=Cyrus H. |last8=Mamutov |first8=Tilek |last9=Fongheiser |first9=Jillia |last10=Kobilansky |first10=Nicole |last11=Washburn |first11=Shane |last12=Truesdell |first12=Claudia |last13=Lee |first13=Clare |last14=Schmaelzle |first14=Philipp H. |date=October 2021 |title=Global potential for harvesting drinking water from air using solar energy |journal=Nature |language=en |volume=598 |issue=7882 |pages=611–617 |bibcode=2021Natur.598..611L |doi=10.1038/s41586-021-03900-w |issn=1476-4687 |pmc=8550973 |pmid=34707305}}</ref> == Amfani da ruwa == [[Fayil:Total_Renewable_Freshwater_Resources_in_mm_per_year_By_WaterGAP_Average_1961-1990.jpg|thumb|Jimlar albarkatun ruwa mai sabuntawa na duniya, a cikin mm / shekara (1 mm daidai yake da 1 L na ruwa a kowace m²) (ma'auni na dogon lokaci na shekarun 1961-1990). Ƙuduri shine 0.5 ° longitude x 0.5 ° latitude (daidai da 55 km x 55 km a ma'auni). An lissafa shi ta hanyar samfurin ruwa mai laushi na duniya WaterGAP.]] Adadin ruwan da ake samu a kowane lokaci yana da mahimmanci. Wasu masu amfani da ruwa na mutane suna da buƙatar ruwa. Misali, [[Gona|gonaki]] da yawa suna buƙatar ruwa mai yawa a cikin bazara, kuma babu ruwa kwata-kwata a cikin hunturu. Sauran masu amfani suna da ci gaba da buƙatar ruwa, kamar tashar wutar lantarki da ke buƙatar ruwa don sanyaya. A cikin dogon lokaci matsakaicin ruwan sama a cikin ruwa shine iyakar sama don matsakaicin amfani da ruwa na halitta daga wannan ruwa. === Aikin noma da sauran ban ruwa === {{excerpt|Irrigation|paragraphs=1-3}} == Water resource management == Gudanar da albarkatun ruwa aiki ne na tsarawa, haɓakawa, rarrabawa da kuma kula da amfani da albarkatun ruwa yadda ya kamata. Wani ɓangare ne na kula da zagayowar ruwa . Fagen kula da albarkatun ruwa zai ci gaba da daidaitawa da batutuwan da ke faruwa a yanzu da kuma nan gaba da ke fuskantar rarraba ruwa. Tare da ƙaruwar rashin tabbas na [[Canjin yanayi|sauyin yanayi]] na duniya da kuma tasirin ayyukan gudanarwa na baya, wannan yanke shawara zai fi wahala. Wataƙila canjin yanayi zai haifar da yanayi da ba a taɓa fuskanta ba. Sakamakon haka, ana ƙara amfani da dabarun gudanarwa na madadin, gami da hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa da ƙarfin daidaitawa don ƙarfafa yanke shawara kan ruwa. A mafi kyau, tsarin kula da albarkatun ruwa yana la'akari da duk [[Ma'adanai na ruwa|buƙatun ruwa]] masu karo da juna kuma yana neman ware ruwa bisa adalci don biyan duk buƙatun amfani da buƙatu. Kamar yadda yake a sauran kula da albarkatun ƙasa, wannan ba kasafai yake yiwuwa ba a aikace don haka masu yanke shawara dole ne su ba da fifiko ga batutuwan dorewa, daidaito da inganta al'amura (a cikin wannan tsari!) don cimma sakamako mai kyau. Ɗaya daga cikin manyan abubuwan da ke damun albarkatun ruwa a nan gaba shine dorewar rabon albarkatun ruwa na yanzu da na gaba. [[Manufar Ci Gaban Ci Gaba na 6|Manufar Ci Gaba Mai Dorewa ta 6]] tana da manufa da ta shafi kula da albarkatun ruwa: "Manufa ta 6.5: Nan da shekarar 2030, aiwatar da tsarin kula da albarkatun ruwa na hade a dukkan matakai, gami da ta hanyar hadin gwiwa tsakanin iyakoki kamar yadda ya dace." === Gudanar da ruwa mai ɗorewa === A halin yanzu, kusan kashi 0.08 cikin 100 na dukkan ruwan da ake samu a duniya ne ake iya samunsa. Kuma ana ci gaba da samun buƙatar sha, [[Masana'anta|masana'antu]], [[Jerin wasanni na ruwa|nishaɗi]] da [[noma]] . Saboda ƙarancin kaso na ruwan da ake da shi, inganta ruwan da muka bari daga [[Kadarorin muhalli|albarkatun ƙasa]] ya zama ƙalubale a duk faɗin duniya. An yi ƙoƙari sosai wajen kula da albarkatun ruwa don inganta amfani da ruwa da kuma rage [[Abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli|tasirin muhallin]] da amfani da ruwa ke yi wa muhallin halitta. Lura da ruwa a matsayin muhimmin ɓangare na yanayin halittu ya dogara ne akan [[Ma'adanai na ruwa|haɗakar kula da albarkatun ruwa]], bisa ga [[Bayani na Dublin|Ka'idojin Dublin]] na 1992 (duba ƙasa). Gudanar da ruwa mai ɗorewa yana buƙatar cikakken tsari bisa ga ka'idodin [[Ma'adanai na ruwa|Gudanar da Albarkatun Ruwa Mai Haɗaka]], wanda aka fara bayyana shi a shekarar 1992 a taron Dublin (Janairu) da Rio (Yuli). Ka'idojin Dublin guda huɗu, waɗanda aka ayyana a cikin [[Bayani na Dublin|Sanarwar Dublin]] sune: # Ruwa mai tsafta wata hanya ce mai iyaka kuma mai rauni, wadda take da mahimmanci don ci gaba da rayuwa, ci gaba da muhalli; # Ya kamata a gina da kuma kula da ruwa bisa tsarin hadin gwiwa, wanda ya kunshi masu amfani, masu tsara tsare-tsare da masu tsara manufofi a dukkan matakai; # Mata suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen samar da ruwa, kula da shi da kuma kare shi; # Ruwa yana da darajar tattalin arziki a duk wasu amfani da yake yi, kuma ya kamata a amince da shi a matsayin wani abu na tattalin arziki. Aiwatar da waɗannan ƙa'idodi ya jagoranci gyaran dokar kula da ruwa ta ƙasa a faɗin duniya tun daga shekarar 1992. Ƙarin ƙalubalen da ke tattare da kula da albarkatun ruwa mai ɗorewa da adalci sun haɗa da gaskiyar cewa an raba ruwa da yawa a kan iyakoki waɗanda ƙila na ƙasashen duniya ne (duba rikicin ruwa ) ko kuma na cikin ƙasa (duba yankin Murray-Darling ). === Gudanar da albarkatun ruwa mai haɗaka === An bayyana tsarin kula da albarkatun ruwa mai hade (IWRM) ta hanyar hadin gwiwar ruwa ta duniya (GWP) a matsayin "tsari wanda ke inganta [[Ma'adanai na ruwa|ci]] gaba da kula da ruwa, ƙasa da albarkatun da suka shafi hakan, domin inganta tattalin arziki da walwalar zamantakewa da ke haifar da hakan ta hanyar adalci ba tare da yin illa ga dorewar muhimman halittu ba". <ref>{{Cite web |title=International Decade for Action 'Water for Life' 2005-2015. Focus Areas: Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) |url=https://www.un.org/waterforlifedecade/iwrm.shtml#:~:text=It%20states:%20%27IWRM%20is%20a,the%20sustainability%20of%20vital%20ecosystems. |access-date=2020-11-18 |website=www.un.org |language=EN}}</ref> Wasu masana sun ce IWRM yana da alaƙa da [[Tsaro na ruwa|tsaron ruwa]] saboda tsaron ruwa manufa ce ko manufa, yayin da IWRM shine tsarin da ake buƙata don cimma wannan burin. IWRM wani tsari ne da ya bayyana a tarurrukan ƙasa da ƙasa a ƙarshen shekarun 1900 da farkon shekarun 2000, kodayake cibiyoyin kula da ruwa masu haɗin gwiwa sun wanzu tsawon ƙarni da yawa. <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Rahaman |first=Muhammad Mizanur |last2=Varis |first2=Olli |date=April 2005 |title=Integrated water resources management: evolution, prospects and future challenges |journal=Sustainability: Science, Practice and Policy |language=en |volume=1 |issue=1 |pages=15–21 |bibcode=2005SSPP....1...15R |doi=10.1080/15487733.2005.11907961 |issn=1548-7733 |s2cid=10057051 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Tattaunawa kan hanyar da ta dace ta sarrafa albarkatun ruwa ta fara tun a shekarun 1950 kafin taron ruwa na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na 1977. An ba da shawarar ci gaban IWRM musamman a cikin sanarwar ƙarshe ta ministoci a taron ƙasa da ƙasa kan ruwa da muhalli a 1992, wanda aka sani da [[Bayani na Dublin|Sanarwar Dublin]] . Wannan ra'ayi yana da nufin haɓaka canje-canje a cikin ayyuka waɗanda ake ɗauka a matsayin muhimman abubuwan da za su inganta [[Ma'adanai na ruwa|kula da albarkatun ruwa]] . IWRM ya kasance batun taron ruwa na duniya na biyu, wanda ya sami halartar ƙungiyoyi daban-daban na masu ruwa da tsaki fiye da tarurrukan da suka gabata kuma ya ba da gudummawa ga ƙirƙirar GWP. <ref name=":0" /> A cikin ma'anar [[Ƙungiyar Ruwa ta Duniya]], IWRM ta dogara ne akan ƙa'idodi uku waɗanda tare suke aiki a matsayin tsarin gabaɗaya: <ref>{{Cite web |title=Integrated Water Resources Management: Basic Concepts {{!}} IWA Publishing |url=https://www.iwapublishing.com/news/integrated-water-resources-management-basic-concepts |access-date=2020-11-18 |website=www.iwapublishing.com }}{{Dead link|date=July 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> # Daidaiton zamantakewa: tabbatar da daidaito ga dukkan masu amfani (musamman ƙungiyoyin masu amfani da aka ware da kuma waɗanda ba su da ƙarfi) don samun isasshen ruwa da ingancinsa da ake buƙata don ci gaba da walwalar ɗan adam. # Ingantaccen tattalin arziki: yana kawo mafi girman fa'ida ga mafi yawan masu amfani da shi ta hanyar amfani da albarkatun kuɗi da ruwa da ake da su. # Dorewa a Muhalli: yana buƙatar a amince da yanayin halittu na ruwa a matsayin masu amfani da su kuma a ware isasshen rabo don ci gaba da ayyukansu na halitta. A shekara ta 2002, an tattauna ci gaban IWRM a taron koli na duniya kan ci gaba mai dorewa da aka gudanar a Johannesburg, wanda ke da nufin ƙarfafa aiwatar da IWRM a matakin duniya. <ref>{{Citation|journal=Janos J.|url-status=Ibisch}}</ref> Taron Ruwa na Duniya na uku ya ba da shawarar IWRM kuma ya tattauna raba bayanai, shiga cikin masu ruwa da tsaki, da kuma yanayin jinsi da aji. <ref name=":0"/> A aikace, hanyoyin IWRM sun haɗa da amfani da ilimi daga fannoni daban-daban da kuma fahimtar masu ruwa da tsaki daban-daban don ƙirƙiro da aiwatar da ingantattun hanyoyin magance matsalolin ruwa da ci gaba. Saboda haka, IWRM kayan aiki ne mai cikakken tsari da aiwatarwa don sarrafawa da haɓaka albarkatun ruwa ta hanyar da ta daidaita buƙatun zamantakewa da tattalin arziki, kuma hakan yana tabbatar da [[Kare Muhalli|kare yanayin halittu]] ga tsararraki masu zuwa. Bugu da ƙari, dangane da bayar da gudummawa ga cimma burin Ci Gaba Mai Dorewa (SDGs), IWRM tana ci gaba da canzawa zuwa hanyar da ta fi dorewa yayin da take la'akari da hanyar Nexus, wacce ita ce hanyar kula da albarkatun ruwa a fannoni daban-daban. Hanyar Nexus ta dogara ne akan fahimtar cewa "ruwa, makamashi da abinci suna da alaƙa ta hanyar zagayowar ruwa na duniya da na gida, carbon da makamashi." Tsarin IWRM yana nufin guje wa tsarin kula da albarkatun ruwa mai rarrabuwa ta hanyar la'akari da waɗannan fannoni: Inganta muhalli, rawar da Cibiyoyi ke takawa, Kayan Aikin Gudanarwa. Wasu daga cikin sharuɗɗan da suka shafi haɗin gwiwa waɗanda kuma suke da mahimmanci a yi la'akari da su yayin aiwatar da IWRM sune: Nufin siyasa da jajircewa, haɓaka iya aiki, isasshen jari, kwanciyar hankali na kuɗi da dawo da farashi mai ɗorewa, sa ido da kimantawa. Babu wani tsari na gudanarwa guda ɗaya da ya dace. Fasahar IWRM tana cikin zaɓar, daidaitawa da amfani da haɗin da ya dace na waɗannan kayan aikin don wani yanayi. Ayyukan IWRM sun dogara ne akan mahallin; a matakin aiki, ƙalubalen shine a fassara ƙa'idodin da aka amince da su zuwa aiki na zahiri. === Gudanar da ruwa a wuraren birane === [[Fayil:Urban_Water_Cycle_-_EPA_2004.png|thumb|Tsarin ruwan birni na yau da kullun wanda ke nuna [[Tsarkake Ruwa|tsarkake ruwan]] sha da tsarin [[Cire abubuwan gina jiki|tsaftace najasa]] na birni]] ==Manazarta== [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 0kn2ecs9l1f9bgndnxfvzeaxg0z7vyv 0 82380 878957 786548 2026-07-08T11:56:54Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878957 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Databox}} '''Margunn Bjørnholt''' (an haife shi 9 Oktoba 1958 a Bø, Telemark ) [[Kimiyar al'umma|masanin ilimin zamantakewa]] ne kuma masanin tattalin arziki na Norway. Ita ce farfesa mai bincike a Cibiyar Nazarin Tashin hankali da Tashin hankali na Norwegian (NKVTS) kuma farfesa a fannin ilimin zamantakewa a Jami'ar Bergen . <ref name="NKVTS">{{Cite web |title=Bjørnholt, Margunn |url=https://www.nkvts.no/english/employee/bjornholt-margunn/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230507181803/https://www.nkvts.no/english/employee/bjornholt-margunn/ |archive-date=7 May 2023 |access-date=7 May 2023 |publisher=[[Norwegian Centre for Violence and Traumatic Stress Studies]]}}</ref> <ref name="UiB">{{Cite web |title=Professor Margunn Bjørnholt |url=https://www.uib.no/en/persons/Margunn.Bj%C3%B8rnholt |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230507181607/https://www.uib.no/en/persons/Margunn.Bj%C3%B8rnholt |archive-date=7 May 2023 |access-date=7 May 2023 |publisher=[[University of Bergen]]}}</ref> Binciken ta ya mayar da hankali kan cibiyoyin hada-hadar kudi, gudanarwa da rayuwar aiki sannan kuma akan [[daidaiton jinsi]], ƙaura da tashin hankali . Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara, ma'aikaciyar gwamnati, ta yi aiki a matsayin ƙwararre ga Hukumar Turai kuma ta kasance shugabar Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Mata ta Norwegian . == Fage da aiki == She earned an M.Sc. in European economic studies from the College of Europe (1982), a mag.art. in economic sociology from the University of Oslo (1995), with a dissertation on microfinance, ethical and interest-free [[Banki|banking]], and a PhD in gender studies from Örebro University (2014), with the dissertation ''Modern Men''.<ref name="UiB"/><ref name="mb-bio">{{Cite web |title=Biography |url=http://www.margunnbjornholt.no/bio/ |access-date=18 March 2019}}</ref> A cikin shekarun 1980s ita ce ke da alhakin shirin kan Kasuwancin mata a Asusun Ci Gaban Yankin. Daga nan ta yi aiki a Cibiyar Fasaha ta Kasa kuma a matsayin abokin tarayya a cikin mai ba da shawara, inganta kasuwancin mata da jagoranci. [5] [6] [7] [4] [5] [6] [5] [6] [7] A cikin shekarun 1990s, ta shiga cikin tattalin arzikin kore a matsayin malami da kuma ma'aikaci, kuma ta jagoranci JAK Norway (1991-92), ƙoƙari na kafa bankin ɗabi'a ba tare da riba ba tare da haɗin gwiwar Bankin membobin JAK. [[Fayil:NKF Presidents Torild Skard and Margunn Bjørnholt, Palais des Nations, Geneva, 2014.jpg|thumb|Margunn Bjørnholt a gefe]] Daga 1993 ta kasance tana da alaƙa da Project for an Alternative Future (Center for Development and the Environment, Jami'ar Oslo), inda ta yi bincike kan cibiyoyin hada-hadar kudi, kudi, da tsarin kudi. Daga nan ta kasance mai bincike a Cibiyar Bincike ta Ayyuka da Sashen Harkokin Jama'a da Yanayin Dan Adam na Jami'ar Oslo. A shekara ta 2015 ta zama farfesa mai bincike a Cibiyar Nazarin Rikicin Norwegian da Traumatic Stress Studies (NKVTS), kuma a Jami'ar Oslo . A cikin 2021 ta kuma zama farfesa a fannin zamantakewa a Jami'ar Bergen . <ref name="NKVTS"/> <ref name="UiB"/><ref name="CNRS">{{Cite web |title=Margunn Bjørnholt |url=https://gbvmigration.cnrs.fr/members/ |access-date=1 July 2021 |publisher=[[CNRS]]}}</ref> Ta yi aiki a matsayin gwani mai zaman kanta kan daidaiton jinsi ga Hukumar Tarayyar Turai, kuma ta kasance malami mai ziyara a Martha Albertson Fineman's Feminism and Legal Theory Project a Emory Law, Cibiyar GEXcel ta Kwarewar Jima'i da Cibiyar Shari'a da Adalci a Jami'ar Leeds.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Margunn Bjørnholt |url=http://web.gs.emory.edu/vulnerability/Affiliated%20Faculty/bjornholt.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029204602/http://web.gs.emory.edu/vulnerability/Affiliated%20Faculty/bjornholt.html |archive-date=29 October 2013 |access-date=15 April 2012 |publisher=[[Emory University]]}}</ref><ref name="mb-bio"/> Ta kasance memba na ƙungiyar bincike ta 'Yancin, Mutane, Al'adu da Al'umma a Jami'ar Oslo Faculty of Law kuma memba ne na kwamitin ƙwararru na Rethinking Economics a Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Deltakere i Rettigheter, individer, kultur og samfunn |url=http://www.jus.uio.no/forskning/omrader/riks/index.html?vrtx=list-related-persons |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141004212144/http://www.jus.uio.no/forskning/omrader/riks/index.html?vrtx=list-related-persons |archive-date=4 October 2014 |publisher=University of Oslo Faculty of Law}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Margunn Bjørnholt |url=https://rethinkingeconomicsnorge.com/om-oss/fagradet/margunn-bjornholt/ |publisher=Rethinking Economics Norway}}</ref> Ita 'yar ƙungiyar bincike ce ta duniya, Vulnerability da Human Condition Initiative a Dokar Emory, da kuma Cibiyar WiSE don Adalci na Tattalin Arziki a Makarantar Kasuwanci da Jama'a ta Glasgow.<ref name="mb-bio" /> Ta koyar da dalibai a fannin zamantakewa da ilimin halayyar dan adam a Jami'ar Oslo, da kuma dalibai a cikin zaman lafiya da rikice-rikice, shugabanci, ilimin laifuka, Manufofin kiwon lafiya da maganin iyali a wasu jami'o'i.<ref name="mb-bio" /> == Bincike == Yawancin ayyukanta suna cikin ilimin zamantakewa, amma ta kuma yi aiki a kan batutuwan kimiyyar tattalin arziki, shari'a da siyasa. Mahimmancin bincikenta ya canza a tsawon lokaci daga cibiyoyin kudi, gudanarwa, da Rayuwar aiki, zuwa daidaiton jinsi, ƙaura, da tashin hankali. Ta wallafa takardu sama da 50, littattafai uku, da rahotanni da yawa. Binciken da ta yi a cikin shekarun 1990 ya mayar da hankali kan banki na ɗabi'a, [[Kuɗi|kudi]] da tsarin kudi. Daga ƙarshen shekarun 1990 ta yi bincike kan gudanarwa da canjin ƙungiya a bangaren jama'a, tare da mai da hankali kan sassauci na ƙungiya da sararin samaniya. Binciken da ta yi game da rayuwar aiki ya kai ta ga batutuwan aiki-iyali da karatun maza, tare da mai da hankali kan sauye-sauyen ayyukan aiki-iyalai da alaƙar jinsi.<ref>[http://bibsys-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/primo_library/libweb/action/dlDisplay.do?docId=BIBSYS_ILS143481010&vid=BIBSYS Modern men: A Norwegian 30-year longitudinal study of intergenerational transmission and social change] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200406024715/https://bibsys-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/primo-explore/fulldisplay?vid=BIBSYS&docid=BIBSYS_ILS143481010&context=L |date=2020-04-06 }}, Oria.no</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 June 2011 |title=Margunn Bjørnholt |url=http://www.ingenere.it/persone/bj-rnholt |access-date=15 April 2012 |publisher=inGenere.it}}</ref><ref name="ref1">{{Cite web |last=Anita Haslie |date=14 September 2010 |title=A Successful Work-Life Balance |url=http://eng.kilden.forskningsradet.no/c52778/nyhet/vis.html?tid=73385 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006100548/http://eng.kilden.forskningsradet.no/c52778/nyhet/vis.html?tid=73385 |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=15 April 2012 |publisher=[[Research Council of Norway]] Information Centre for Gender Research in Norway}}</ref><ref name="ref4">{{Cite journal |last=Bosse Parbring |year=2011 |title=Delat föräldraskap, delad arbetstid |url=http://www.nikk.no/Delat+föräldraskap,+delad+arbetstid.b7C_wljIXZ.ips |url-status=dead |journal=NIKK Magasin |publisher=[[Nordic Gender Institute]] |volume=2011 |issue=1 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120905034735/http://www.nikk.no/Delat+f%C3%B6r%C3%A4ldraskap,+delad+arbetstid.b7C_wljIXZ.ips |archive-date=5 September 2012 |access-date=15 April 2012}}</ref><ref name="ref5">{{Cite journal |last=Linn Stalsberg |author-link=Linn Stalsberg |year=2011 |title=En krympet likestillingsdebatt |url=http://www.apollon.uio.no/artikler/2011/likestilling.html |journal=Forskningsmagasinet Apollon |publisher=[[University of Oslo]] |volume=2011 |issue=1 |access-date=15 April 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Beret Bråten |date=29 November 2005 |title=Delte arbeid ute og hjemme |url=http://kilden.forskningsradet.no/c16880/artikkel/vis.html?tid=37485 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006092911/http://kilden.forskningsradet.no/c16880/artikkel/vis.html?tid=37485 |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=15 April 2012 |publisher=[[Research Council of Norway]] Information Centre for Gender Research in Norway}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Gimmestad |first=Johnny |date=5 September 2010 |title=Det lønner seg for far å stelle hjemme |url=http://www.aftenposten.no/jobb/Det-lonner-seg-for-far-a-stelle-hjemme-5344292.html |publisher=[[Aftenposten]]}}</ref> Ta kuma yi bincike kan sauye-sauyen al'adu da ayyukan ƙasashen waje na 'yan gudun hijirar Poland zuwa Norway, kuma ta shiga cikin ayyukan da yawa a Tsakiyar Turai da Gabas.<ref>{{Cite web |title=EFFECT: Cross-national Polish–Norwegian project on work–life balance |url=http://www.osloresearch.no/research/effect |access-date=18 March 2019 |publisher=Oslo Research |archive-date=12 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212024523/http://www.osloresearch.no/research/effect |url-status=dead }}</ref> A shekara ta 2015 Ma'aikatar Sami'a da Tsaron Jama'a ta ba ta izini don kafa shirin bincike kan girman jinsi na tashin hankali a NKVTS, kuma ta jagoranci ayyukan da yawa kan tashin hankali na abokin tarayya, tashin hankali na jima'i, tashin hankali ga [[Ƴan gudun hijira|'yan gudun hijira'yan gudun hijira]] hankali da cin zarafi a cikin al'ummomin Sámi na asali da al'ummomi na baƙi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Intimate partner violence: gender, equality and power |url=https://www.nkvts.no/english/project/intimate-partner-violence-gender-equality-and-power/ |publisher=NKVTS}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Vold i nære relasjoner i samiske samfunn II |url=https://www.nkvts.no/prosjekt/vold-i-naere-relasjoner-i-samiske-samfunn-2/ |publisher=NKVTS}}</ref> Daga 2019 ta jagoranci wani aikin da EU ke tallafawa kan tashin hankali ga mata masu ƙaura da 'yan gudun hijira, wanda ya zama tushen shawarwarin manufofi don rage yiwuwar mata ga tashin hankali na jima'i da jinsi, tare da haɗin gwiwar Jane Freedman (CNRS) da sauransu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Violence against women migrants and refugees: analysing causes and effective policy response |url=https://www.nkvts.no/english/project/violence-against-women-migrants-and-refugees-analysing-causes-and-effective-policy-response/ |publisher=NKVTS}}</ref> Littattafanta game da tashin hankali sune Vold i nære reljoner (Universitetsforlaget, 2019) da ''Maza, Maza da Rikicin Abokin Hulɗa'' (Routledge, 2021). [[Fayil:Berit Ås, Margunn Bjørnholt og Torild Skard.jpeg|thumb|Margunn Bjørnholt a tsakiya ]] Ta kuma yi aiki a kan ka'idojin adalci da Tattalin arzikin mata, kuma ta yi aiki tare da masanin ilimin shari'a na Amurka Martha Albertson Fineman da masanin tattalin arziki na mata Marilyn Waring na shekaru da yawa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Margunn Bjørnholt |url=http://kilden.forskningsradet.no/c17223/ekspert/vis.html?tid=88115 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006164100/http://kilden.forskningsradet.no/c17223/ekspert/vis.html?tid=88115 |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=4 October 2014 |website=Expert database for gender research |publisher=[[Research Council of Norway]]}}</ref> A shekara ta 2014 ta hada hannu da wani littafi kan ci gaban da aka samu kwanan nan a fannin tattalin arzikin mata tare da masanin tattalin arziki na Scotland Ailsa McKay . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kristin Marie Skaar |date=24 May 2014 |title=– Klart vi kan jobbe mindre |url=http://www.forskning.no/artikler/2014/mai/391278 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714162456/http://www.forskning.no/artikler/2014/mai/391278 |archive-date=14 July 2014 |access-date=8 July 2014 |publisher=[[forskning.no]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Langeland |first=Terje |date=18 June 2013 |title=Women Unaccounted for in Global Economy Proves Waring Influence |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-06-18/women-unaccounted-for-in-global-economy-proves-waring-influence.html |publisher=[[Bloomberg L.P.|Bloomberg.com]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Sullivan |first=T.E. |year=2014 |title=Review: Counting on Marilyn Waring: new advances in feminist economics |journal=[[Choice: Current Reviews for Academic Libraries]] |volume=52 |issue=3}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Elson |first=Diane |author-link=Diane Elson |year=2015 |title=Book Review: Counting on Marilyn Waring: new advances in feminist economics |url=http://www.palgrave-journals.com/fr/journal/v109/n1/full/fr201458a.html |journal=Feminist Review |volume=109 |issue=1 |pages=e9–e11 |doi=10.1057/fr.2014.58 |access-date=25 February 2015 |doi-access=free |archive-date=4 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304063344/http://www.palgrave-journals.com/fr/journal/v109/n1/full/fr201458a.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ta kuma wallafa ayyukan kan [[Bincike|Hanyoyin bincike]] masu inganci da yawa. == Ayyukan jama'a da siyasa == A farkon shekarun 1980 ta kasance 'yar jarida ga gidan rediyo na mata na rediyo na Orakel . Ta kasance shugabar kungiyar Norwegian Association for Women's Rights (2013-2016), Shugabar kungiyar Norwegian Women's Lobby (2014-2016) kuma memba ne na kwamitin International Alliance of Women (2013-2017).<ref name="kv-presidents">{{Cite web |title=Margunn Bjørnholt |url=http://kvinnesak.no/presidents/margunn-bjornholt/ |access-date=18 March 2019 |publisher=[[Norwegian Association for Women's Rights]]}}</ref> about="#mwt239" class="mw-ref reference" data-cx="{}" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{"name":"aftenposten2014"},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-aftenposten2014-44","html":"<nowiki><span typeof=\"mw:Transclusion\" data-mw=\"{&amp;quot;name&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;templatestyles&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;attrs&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;src&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;body&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;extsrc&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;parts&amp;quot;:[{&amp;quot;template&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;target&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;cite news &amp;quot;,&amp;quot;href&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;./Template:Cite_news&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;params&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;date&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;2014-05-11&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;title&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Mannsforsker ny leder i Norsk Kvinnesaksforening&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;url&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/iriks/Mannsforsker-ny-leder-i-Norsk-Kvinnesaksforening-7563258.html&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;archive-url&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;https://web.archive.org/web/20141006103225/http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/iriks/Mannsforsker-ny-leder-i-Norsk-Kvinnesaksforening-7563258.html&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;archive-date&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;2014-10-06&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;access-date&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;newspaper&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;[[Aftenposten]]&amp;quot;}},&amp;quot;i&amp;quot;:0}}]}\" data-ve-no-generated-contents=\"true\" id=\"mwAp4\">&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki><nowiki><cite about=\"#mwt236\" class=\"citation news cs1\" id=\"mwAp8\" data-ve-ignore=\"true\"><a class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20141006103225/http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/iriks/Mannsforsker-ny-leder-i-Norsk-Kvinnesaksforening-7563258.html\" id=\"mwAqA\" rel=\"mw:ExtLink nofollow\">\"Mannsforsker ny leder i Norsk Kvinnesaksforening\"</a></nowiki>. <nowiki><i id=\"mwAqE\"><a class=\"cx-link\" data-linkid=\"213\" href=\"./Aftenposten\" id=\"mwAqI\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" title=\"Aftenposten\">Aftenposten</a></nowiki><nowiki></i></nowiki>. 11 May 2014. Archived from <nowiki><a class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/iriks/Mannsforsker-ny-leder-i-Norsk-Kvinnesaksforening-7563258.html\" id=\"mwAqM\" rel=\"mw:ExtLink nofollow\">the original</a></nowiki> on 6 October 2014.<nowiki></cite></nowiki>"}}' id="cite_ref-aftenposten2014_44-0" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref">[./Margunn_Bjørnholt#cite_note-aftenposten2014-44 <span class="mw-reflink-text"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket"><nowiki>]</nowiki></span></span>]<ref name="kv-bio">{{Cite web |title=Margunn Bjørnholt |url=http://www.kvinnelobby.no/en/people/margunn-bjornholt/ |access-date=18 March 2019 |publisher=Norwegian Women's Lobby |archive-date=24 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190824230451/http://www.kvinnelobby.no/en/people/margunn-bjornholt/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Gwamnatin Norway ce ta nada ta a matsayin memba na tawagar Norway zuwa zaman 59 da 60 na Hukumar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Matsayin Mata (CSW).<ref name="kv-presidents" /> Ta kasance dan takara na Green Party a Zaben 2015.<ref>[http://www.budstikka.no/nyheter/nyheter/han-topper-barums-gronne/s/2-2.310-1.8666945 Han topper Bærums grønne], ''Budstikka'', 26 November 2014</ref> == Daraja == * Labari na Shekara - Kyautar Jaridar Kwalejin Kwalejin Jami'ar Scandinavia (2021).<ref name="Universitetsforlaget">{{Cite web |date=9 June 2022 |title=En voldelig relasjon som aldri tar slutt |trans-title=A violent relationship that never ends |url=https://ublogg.no/en-voldelig-relasjon-som-aldri-tar-slutt/ |access-date=9 June 2022 |publisher=[[Universitetsforlaget]]}}</ref> * Kyautar 'Yancin (2023) <ref name="pahoyden">{{Cite web |date=2023-04-28 |title=Rettighetsprisen til Margunn Bjørnholt |url=https://pahoyden.no/rettighetsprisen-til-margunn-bjornholt/128102 |website=På Høyden}}</ref>[no] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}}{{Presidents of NKF}}{{Authority control}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1958]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] f6p7r2axve0zziqtbjaz3449qezl981 0 82480 878707 528003 2026-07-07T21:41:05Z Nnamadee 31123 878707 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dadibhavi Salapur''' kauye ne a hukumar Belagavi a kudancin jihar Karnataka, Indiya.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180612210946/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/Village_Directory/ </ref> ==Manazarta== [[Category: Ƙauyuka a Indiya]] sl09g0hmfywwj5zum3jdk812ev4ax1p 0 89837 878767 842044 2026-07-08T04:01:04Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878767 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Jamkaran_Mosque_مسجد_جمکران_قم_15.jpg|right|thumb|300x300px|Masallacin Jamkaran, a cewar Mirza Husain Noori Tabarsi, an gina masallacin ne ta hanyar umarnin [[Mahdi]].]] '''Mahdism''' (Persian), <ref name="m22">{{Cite web |title=درباره واژه مهدويت |trans-title= |url=https://nahad.qiau.ac.ir/index.aspx?key=docs&id=2671 |access-date=26 June 2021 |language=fa |archive-date=27 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210627082654/https://nahad.qiau.ac.ir/index.aspx?key=docs&id=2671 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Larabci: المهدوية) a cikin reshe [[Ƴan Sha Biyu|Goma sha biyu]] na Shia Islama, ya samo asali ne daga imani da sake bayyana [[Liman|Imam]] na goma sha biyu, [[Muhammad al-Mahdi]], a matsayin Mai ceto apocalypse don ceton 'yan adam da kafa zaman lafiya da adalci. Mahdism wani nau'i ne na Almasihu. Daga wannan hangen nesa, an yi imanin cewa [[Isa|Yesu Kristi]] da Khidr har yanzu suna da rai kuma za su fito tare da [[Muhammad al-Mahdi]] don cika aikinsu na kawo zaman lafiya da adalci ga duniya.<ref name="m1"> {{Cite web |date=6 December 2019 |title=شناخت معارف مهدوی ضرورت تردیدناپذیر عصر ماست - خبرگزاری مهر |trans-title= |url=https://www.mehrnews.com/news/4788985/%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA-%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%81-%D9%85%D9%87%D8%AF%D9%88%DB%8C-%D8%B6%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AA-%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AF%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%BE%D8%B0%DB%8C%D8%B1-%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%B1-%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA |access-date=26 June 2021 |language=fa}} </ref><ref name="m2"> {{Cite web |date=25 December 2020 |title=ظهور حضرت مسیح(ع) در عصر حضرت مهدی (ع) - خبرگزاری مهر |trans-title= |url=https://www.mehrnews.com/news/5103282/%D8%B8%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%AD%D8%B6%D8%B1%D8%AA-%D9%85%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AD-%D8%B9-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%B1-%D8%AD%D8%B6%D8%B1%D8%AA-%D9%85%D9%87%D8%AF%DB%8C-%D8%B9 |access-date=26 June 2021 |language=fa}} </ref><ref name="m3"> {{Cite web |date=17 December 2015 |title=یاران امام مهدی(عج) در زمان غیبت چه کسانی هستند؟ نقش خضر نبی(ع) در دوران غیبت - جهان نيوز |trans-title= |url=http://www.jahannews.com/analysis/461851/%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%85-%D9%85%D9%87%D8%AF%DB%8C-%D8%B9%D8%AC-%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%BA%DB%8C%D8%A8%D8%AA-%DA%A9%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C-%D9%87%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF-%D9%86%D9%82%D8%B4-%D8%AE%D8%B6%D8%B1-%D9%86%D8%A8%DB%8C-%D8%B9-%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86 |access-date=26 June 2021 |language=fa}} </ref> == Mahdi a cikin Alkur'ani == Ayoyi da yawa na [[Alqur'ani mai girma|Alkur'ani]] suna da alaƙa da Mahdism, kamar aya ta 105 na [[Al-Anbiya]] [[Surah]]:   Masu sharhi sun yi la'akari da cikawar alkawarin da aka ambata a cikin aya a lokacin sake bayyana [[Muhammad al-Mahdi|Imam Muhammad al-Mahdi]]. Har ila yau, aya ta 5 na Al-Qasas Surah:   Wasu sun yi la'akari da fassarorin wannan ayar da ke da alaƙa da [[Rajʽa|Raj'a]]-linkid="47" href="./Muhammad_al-Mahdi" id="mwOg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Muhammad al-Mahdi">Muhammad al-Mahdi kuma wasu sun yi laʼakari da cewa yana da alaƙa ti dawowar (Rajʽa) na [[Limamai Sha Biyu|Imamai]] da dawowar gwamnati a gare su. Aya ta 55 na Surah [[An-Nur]]:   Har ila yau an san shi da alaƙa da batutuwan Mahdism. Wasu sun yi la'akari da cikawar alkawarin da aka ambata a cikin aya a lokacin sake bayyana [[Muhammad al-Mahdi|Imam na goma sha biyu, Muhammad al-Mahdi]] kuma wasu sun yi laʼakari da al'ummar da aka ambata cikin aya don samun nasara ne kawai a lokacin sake fitowar Muhammad al- Mahdi. [[Fayil:Iranischer_Meister_001.jpg|right|thumb|393x393px|Dhu al-Qarnayn ya gina bango don kare mutane daga ''"Yajuj da Majuj"'' (''alama ce ta mugunta'') kafin Lokaci na ƙarshe; a nan da taimakon d vier (aljanu). Karamin Farisa daga ''Falnama'', karni na 16.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Chester Beatty Library |title=Iskandar Oversees the Building of the Wall |url=http://www.cbl.ie/cbl_image_gallery/search/detail.aspx?imageId=1473&ImageNumber=D0006377&page=0 |access-date=2016-08-24 |website=image gallery}}</ref>]] == Mahdism a cikin reshe na goma sha biyu == [[Shi'a]] na reshe [[Ƴan Sha Biyu|Goma sha biyu]] na Shia Islama sun yi imanin cewa bisa ga alkawarin Allah, zuriyar Muhammadu, Annabi na Islama ko kuma sunansa, ɗa na tara na zuriyar [[Alhusain ɗan Ali|Husayn ibn Ali]], zai bayyana tare da sunan "Mahdi" <ref name="m4">{{Cite web |title=زندگینامه حضرت مهدی(عج) |trans-title= |url=https://ardabil.iqna.ir/fa/news/3805256/%D8%B2%D9%86%D8%AF%DA%AF%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87-%D8%AD%D8%B6%D8%B1%D8%AA-%D9%85%D9%87%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%B9%D8%AC |access-date=26 June 2021 |language=fa |archive-date=26 March 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250326043447/https://ardabil.iqna.ir/fa/news/3805256/%D8%B2%D9%86%D8%AF%DA%AF%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87-%D8%AD%D8%B6%D8%B1%D8%AA-%D9%85%D9%87%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%B9%D8%AC |url-status=dead }}</ref> kuma zai yada adalci a duk duniya. <ref name="m5">{{Cite web |title=امام مهدی(ع) در کلام امام حسین(ع) |trans-title= |url=http://ensani.ir/fa/article/55863/%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%85-%D9%85%D9%87%D8%AF%DB%8C-%D8%B9-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%DA%A9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%AD%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86-%D8%B9- |access-date=26 June 2021 |language=fa |archive-date=19 January 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250119033944/https://ensani.ir/fa/article/55863/%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%85-%D9%85%D9%87%D8%AF%DB%8C-%D8%B9-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%DA%A9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%AD%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86-%D8%B9- |url-status=dead }}</ref> Bisa ga wannan imani, an haifi [[Muhammad al-Mahdi|Mahdi]], ɗan Hasan al-Askari (Imam na goma sha ɗaya na Shi'a), a cikin 870 AZ. Bayan rasuwar mahaifinsa, yayin da yake yaro, bayan farkon shekarun Imamate, ya ɓace kuma zai tuntubi mabiyansa ne kawai ta hanyar mataimakansa huɗu da suka biyo baya.<ref name="Kohlberg">{{Cite journal |last=Kohlberg |first=Etan |date=1976 |title=From Imāmiyya to Ithnā-'ashariyya |journal=Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies |location=University of London |volume=39 |issue=3 |pages=521–534 |doi=10.1017/s0041977x00050989 |s2cid=155070530}}</ref><ref name="Moezzi">{{Cite journal |last=Amir-Moezzi |first=Mohammad Ali |date=2012 |title=Islam in Iran vii. The Concept of Mahdi in Twelver Shi'ism |url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/islam-in-iran-vii-the-concept-of-mahdi-in-twelver-shiism |journal=Encyclopedia Iranica}}</ref> Lokacin da ake kira ƙaramin ɓoyewa ko ɓoyewa ta farko, wanda Mahdi ba ya hulɗa kai tsaye da mutane, kawai ta hanyar mataimakansa na musamman, wanda galibi yana hulɗa da Shi'a.<ref name="m6"> {{Cite web |date=28 December 2018 |title=نواب خاص امام زمان چه کسانی هستند و چه ویژگی هایی دارند؟ - خبرگزاری مهر |trans-title= |url=https://www.mehrnews.com/news/4496380/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8-%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5-%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86-%DA%86%D9%87-%DA%A9%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C-%D9%87%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF-%D9%88-%DA%86%D9%87-%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%98%DA%AF%DB%8C-%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C-%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AF |access-date=26 June 2021 |language=fa}} </ref> Bisa ga al'adar hukuma, a cikin 940 AZ, wakili na huɗu kuma na ƙarshe ya sami wasika ta ƙarshe da ɓoyayyen Imam ya sanya hannu inda ya bayyana cewa daga nan gaba kuma "har zuwa ƙarshen lokaci," babu wanda zai gan shi ko ya zama wakilin sa, kuma duk wanda ya bayyana in ba haka ba ne mai zamba. Ta haka ne aka fara dogon lokaci, abin da ake kira Babban ɓoyewa ko ɓoyewa ta biyu.<ref name="Moezzi" /> Wasu malaman Shi'a da suka yi tambaya ko ƙin Mahdism sun haɗa da Abolfazl Borqei Qomi, <ref name="m7"> {{Cite web |title=بررسی علمی در احادیث مهدی - آیت الله العظمی علامه سيد ابو الفضل ابن الرضا برقعى قمی |trans-title= |url=https://www.borqei.com/?q=book/104 |access-date=26 June 2021 |language=fa}} </ref> <ref name="m8">{{Cite web |title=بررسی علمی در احادیث مهدی - نوار اسلام |trans-title= |url=http://fa.islamtape.com/library/book/199/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%B1%D8%B3%DB%8C-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85%DB%8C-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AB-%D9%85%D9%87%D8%AF%DB%8C.html |access-date=26 June 2021 |language=fa |archive-date=27 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210627082653/http://fa.islamtape.com/library/book/199/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%B1%D8%B3%DB%8C-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85%DB%8C-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AB-%D9%85%D9%87%D8%AF%DB%8C.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Heidar Ali Qalmadaran Qomi, da Mohammad Hassan Shariat Sanglaji. <ref name="m9"> {{Cite web |title=نقدِ دیدگاه و عملکرد جریان "قرآنیان شیعه" - پایگاه اطلاع رسانی حوزه |trans-title= |url=https://hawzah.net/fa/Magazine/View/5211/8176/107806/%D9%86%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%90-%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AF%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87-%D9%88-%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%84%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF-%D8%AC%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A2%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%B9%D9%87#_ednref23 |access-date=26 June 2021 |language=fa}} </ref> Daga cikin malaman yanzu da suka yi aiki a kan Mahdism shine Lotfollah Safi Golpaygani . Yana da muhimman ayyuka guda biyu a wannan fagen, ''Zaɓin Alamar Game da Imam na goma sha biyu'' <ref name="m12">{{Cite web |title=کتابخانه الکترونیکی شیعه - منتخب الاثر فی الامام الثانی عشر علیه السلام |trans-title= |url=https://ebookshia.com/books/view/4868/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%A8+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AB%D8%B1+%D9%81%DB%8C+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%85+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C+%D8%B9%D8%B4%D8%B1+%D8%B9%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%87+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85+(%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%AF+2 |access-date=26 June 2021 |language=fa }}{{Dead link|date=February 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> da ''Imamate da Mahdism'' <ref name="m13">{{Cite web |title=منتخب الاثر فی الامام ثانی عشر علیه السلام (دوره سه جلدی) - پاتوق کتاب فردا |trans-title= |url=https://bookroom.ir/book/63637/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AB%D8%B1-%D9%81%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C-%D8%B9%D8%B4%D8%B1-%D8%B9%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%87-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%87-%D8%B3%D9%87-%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%AF%DB%8C |access-date=26 June 2021 |language=fa |archive-date=19 January 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250119015842/https://bookroom.ir/book/63637/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AB%D8%B1-%D9%81%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C-%D8%B9%D8%B4%D8%B1-%D8%B9%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%87-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%87-%D8%B3%D9%87-%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%AF%DB%8C |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref name="m10"> {{Cite web |title=مجموعه 4 جلدی "امامت و مهدویت" اثر آیت‌الله صافی‌گلپایگانی عرضه شد- تسنیم |trans-title= |url=https://www.tasnimnews.com/fa/news/1394/02/20/736276/%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B9%D9%87-4-%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%AF%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%AA-%D9%88-%D9%85%D9%87%D8%AF%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D8%AB%D8%B1-%D8%A2%DB%8C%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87-%D8%B5%D8%A7%D9%81%DB%8C-%DA%AF%D9%84%D9%BE%D8%A7%DB%8C%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C-%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%B6%D9%87-%D8%B4%D8%AF |access-date=26 June 2021 |language=fa}} </ref> .<ref name="m11">{{Cite web |title=سلسله مباحث امامت و مهدویت - کتابخانه دیجیتال قائمیه |trans-title= |url=https://www.ghbook.ir/index.php?option=com_dbook&task=viewbook&book_id=10756&lang=fa |access-date=26 June 2021 |language=fa |archive-date=23 March 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250323011741/https://www.ghbook.ir/index.php?option=com_dbook&task=viewbook&book_id=10756&lang=fa |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="m14"> {{Cite web |date=5 February 2020 |title=زندگی، فعالیت‌ها و دیدگاه‌های آیت الله صافی گلپایگانی - خبرگزاری مهر |trans-title= |url=https://www.mehrnews.com/news/4845510/%D8%B2%D9%86%D8%AF%DA%AF%DB%8C-%D9%81%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%AA-%D9%87%D8%A7-%D9%88-%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AF%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87-%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%A2%DB%8C%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87-%D8%B5%D8%A7%D9%81%DB%8C-%DA%AF%D9%84%D9%BE%D8%A7%DB%8C%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C |access-date=26 June 2021 |language=fa}} </ref><ref name="m15">{{Cite web |date=18 February 2020 |title=زندگی، فعالیت ها، افکار و تجربیات آیت الله العظمی صافی و شهید صدر - خبرگزاری حوزه |trans-title= |url=https://www.hawzahnews.com/news/886867/%D8%B2%D9%86%D8%AF%DA%AF%DB%8C-%D9%81%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%AA-%D9%87%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D9%81%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D9%88-%D8%AA%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A2%DB%8C%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B8%D9%85%DB%8C-%D8%B5%D8%A7%D9%81%DB%8C-%D9%88-%D8%B4%D9%87%DB%8C%D8%AF |access-date=26 June 2021 |language=fa |archive-date=19 January 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250119024358/https://www.hawzahnews.com/news/886867/%D8%B2%D9%86%D8%AF%DA%AF%DB%8C-%D9%81%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%AA-%D9%87%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D9%81%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D9%88-%D8%AA%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A2%DB%8C%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B8%D9%85%DB%8C-%D8%B5%D8%A7%D9%81%DB%8C-%D9%88-%D8%B4%D9%87%DB%8C%D8%AF |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Mahdism a wasu rassan Shi'a == Ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da suka yada ra'ayin Mahdism shine mutuwar kwatsam na Isma'ili, ɗan [[Jafar as-Sadiq|Ja'far al-Sadiq]] (Imam na shida na Shi'a), a cikin 762 AZ, wanda, a cewar ''Isma'il'' Shi'a, an nada shi a matsayin Imam na bakwai na Shi'i. Kodayake yawancin Shi'a sun taru a kusa da ɗayan ɗan Ja'far al-Sadiq, [[Musa al-Qazim|Musa al-Kadhim]], 'yan tsiraru na Shi'a ba su yarda da mutuwar Ismail ba, suna da'awar cewa Ismail yana da rai kuma yana ɓoye kansa. A cewar su, Ismail shine Imam da ba ya nan. Tare da tasowa na Fatimid Caliphate a [[Misra|Misira]], an danganta sunan "Mahdi" ga Fatimid na farko da magajinsa, suna ambaton hadisai da Isma'ilists da sauran tushe suka ba da labari. Koyaya, Isma'ilists suna sa ran Imam na Isma'ili na bakwai zai bayyana a ƙarƙashin sunan Qa'im a ƙarshen lokaci.<ref name="EIS"> {{Cite book|last3=Wilferd Madelung}} </ref> A cikin ƙungiyar Zaidi Shi'a'ism, waɗanda ba sa la'akari da Imamai suna da iko fiye da na mutum, imani da Mahdism ba shi da tabbas. A cikin tarihi, an dauki mutane da yawa a matsayin "Mahdi" ko kuma an yi iƙirarin suna da rai kuma ba su nan. Ɗaya daga cikinsu shi ne ''Husayn ibn Qasim Ayani'', shugaban wata ƙungiya da ta fito daga Zaidi Shi'a'ism, wanda ake kira ƙungiyar Husaynieh. Wani rukuni ya musanta mutuwarsa kuma ya ce shi "Mahdi" kuma ya yi imanin cewa zai dawowa. Amma wannan imani game da waɗannan mutane ba a yarda da shi ba ta yawancin Zaidi Shi'a'ism.<ref name="EIS"/> == Mahdism a reshen Sunni == A cewar Reza Aslan, tare da ci gaban koyarwar Mahdism tsakanin Shi'a, malaman [[Fiƙihu|shari'a]] [[Mabiya Sunnah|Sunni]] sun yi ƙoƙari su nisanta kansu daga imani da Mahdi. A cewar Wilferd Madelung, duk da goyon bayan imani da Mahdi daga wasu muhimman masu bin al'adun Sunni, imani da Mahidi ba a taɓa la'akari da shi a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan imani na shari'ar Sunni ba. An ambaci Mahdi a cikin imanin Sunni, amma da wuya. Yawancin fitattun malaman Sunni, kamar [[Al-Ghazali]], sun guji tattauna wannan batun. Tabbas, a cewar Madelung, wannan gujewa ba ta da yawa saboda rashin gaskatawa da Mahdi <ref name="Aslan" /> kuma mafi yawa (a cewar Reza Aslan) saboda son kauce wa rikice-rikice da rikice-rikicen jama'a. <ref name="EIS"/><ref name="EIS" /> Akwai banbanci kamar [[Ibn Kaldun|Ibn Khaldun]] a cikin littafin "''Muqaddimah''" wanda a bayyane yake adawa da imani da Mahdi kuma yana ɗaukar duk hadisai da suka shafi Mahdi don ƙirƙirar su. Akwai ra'ayoyi daban-daban tsakanin masu bin al'ada da malaman da suka magance batun Mahdism. An ambaci sunan "Mahdi" sau da yawa a cikin littafin "''[[Ahmad ibn Hanbal]]">Musnad''" na Ahmad ibn Hanbal (wanda ya kafa makarantar [[Hanbaliya|Hanbali]] ta shari'ar Sunni - ɗaya daga cikin manyan makarantun shari'a guda huɗu na Sunni Islama, kuma ɗaya daga cikin Imamai huɗu na Sunni) da kuma hadisai daban-daban game da alamun sake bayyanawar "Mehdi mai alkawari" (da Yesu a cikin hadin gwiwarsa) da aka ambata a can. Ahmad ibn Hanbal ya ba da labari a cikin aikinsa cewa: Da yake ambaton muhimmancin da ingancin "Musnad" na Ahmad ibn Hanbal a tsakanin Sunnis, ya isa Taqi al-Din al-Subki ya rubuta a shafi na 201 na kundi na farko na "''Tabaqat al-Shafeiyah''":    A wasu hadisai a cikin littattafan Sunni, "Mahdi" daidai yake da "Yesu Kristi", yayin da a wasu labaran babu wani ambaton asalin wannan mutumin, ko kuma an ce "ya tashi tare da Yesu. " An kuma ambaci Mahdi a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin zuriyar [[Alhusain ɗan Ali|Husayn ibn Ali]], zuriyar [[Alhasan ɗan Ali|Hasan ibn Ali]] ko ɗan Hasan al-Askari, Imam na goma sha biyu na Shi'a. <ref name="EIS"/> A cikin tarihi har zuwa yau, an yi muhawara mai tsawo tsakanin malaman Sunni game da rawar "mai ceto" da rawar " siyasa" na Mahdi. Amma a cewar Seyyed Hossein Nasr, Sunnis sun yi imanin cewa Mahdi ya fito ne daga dangin Muhammadu, Annabi na Islama kuma zai fito tare da Yesu a lokutan ƙarshe. Ya kuma rubuta cewa imani da zuwan Mahdi yana da ƙarfi sosai a tsakanin Musulmai cewa a cikin tarihi, musamman a lokutan matsin lamba da wahala, ya haifar da fitowar masu da'awar "Mahdism".<ref name="mb2"> {{Cite book|last3=Seyyed Hossein Nasr}} </ref> Marubutan Sunni na zamani kamar su ''Abd al-Muhsin al-Ibad'', ''Muhammad Ali al-Sabuni'', da [[Abd al-Aziz Bin Baz|Abd al-Aziz ibn Baz]] sun kuma ambaci hadisai da aka danganta ga Annabi na Islama game da Mahdi da mai ceton lokutan ƙarshe a cikin littattafansu da jawabai, kuma sun yi la'akari da waɗannan hadisai masu aminci saboda masu ba da labari daban-daban sun ambaci su akai-akai. A cewar Denise Spellberg, manufar "Mahdism", kodayake ba ɗaya daga cikin manyan addinan Sunni ba, Sunnis sun yi la'akari da shi a cikin tarihi. A shekara ta 1881, [[Muhammad Ahmad]] ya yi iƙirarin cewa shi ne Mahdi a [[Sudan]] kuma ya fara tashin hankali wanda sojojin Burtaniya suka murkushe a shekara ta 1898. Bangaskiya da Mahdism ya haifar da tashin hankali a yamma da arewacin [[Afirka]] a karni na sha tara. A cikin 1849, wani mutum mai suna ''Bo Zian'' ya jagoranci tashin hankali a [[Aljeriya]] game da tsarin harajin Faransa da kuma mamaye ƙasarsa da Faransanci a ƙarƙashin sunan Mahdi . <ref name="Spel"> {{Cite book|last3=Denise Spellberg}} </ref> == Mahdici na Siyasa == Abdolkarim Soroush yana daya daga cikin 'yan tunani kalilan da suka bincika dangantakar da ke tsakanin Mahdism da siyasa kuma suka gabatar da sabon ra'ayi game da Mahdism. Ya yi imanin cewa Mahdism na siyasa ya bayyana kansa a tarihi a cikin siyasa a kalla hanyoyi huɗu:<ref name="m18"> {{Cite web |title=مهدویت، غایت و کفایت از دموکراسی |trans-title= |url=https://www.magiran.com/article/2181884 |access-date=26 June 2021 |language=fa}} </ref><ref name="m19">{{Cite web |title=تأسفی بر سخنان دکتر سروش |trans-title= |url=http://ensani.ir/fa/article/94691/%D8%AA%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%81%DB%8C-%D8%A8%D8%B1-%D8%B3%D8%AE%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%AF%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%B1-%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B4 |access-date=26 June 2021 |language=fa |archive-date=19 January 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250119200109/https://ensani.ir/fa/article/94691/%D8%AA%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%81%DB%8C-%D8%A8%D8%B1-%D8%B3%D8%AE%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%AF%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%B1-%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B4 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="m20"> {{Cite web |title=تحلیلی بر اساس اندیشه سروش ـ مهدویت و دموکراسی. |trans-title= |url=https://zamaaneh.com/idea/2009/08/post_547.html |access-date=26 June 2021 |language=fa}} </ref><ref name="m21">{{Cite web |date=23 July 2012 |title=سیاست روز - نقدي بر مواضع عبدالكريم سروش |trans-title= |url=http://siasatrooz.ir/vdccopqm.2bqpm8laa2.html |access-date=26 June 2021 |language=fa |archive-date=20 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220920112339/https://www.siasatrooz.ir/vdccopqm.2bqpm8laa2.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Ka'idar Tsaro na Mai Shari'a na Musulunci: Ka'idar Kula da Mai Shari'ar Musulunci, wanda bai dace da [[Dimokaraɗiyya|Dimokuradiyya]] ba, shine ɗan Mahdism na siyasa. Mahdism na siyasa ya tabbatar da gata na musamman na Faqīhs ga gwamnati a cikin ka'idar Tsaro na Mai Shari'a na Musulunci. Mahdism na Siyasa, wanda ya dogara da ka'idar Tsaro na Mai Shari'a na Musulunci, ya nuna "Mafi Girma Faqīh" a matsayin mataimakin [[Muhammad al-Mahdi]] kuma ya ba da wannan iko ga "Mafi girman Faqīhi" a cikin iko da mallakar dukiyar yawan Musulmai, wanda Imam da ba ya nan. * Ka'idar mulkin mallaka a madadin Imam na sarakunan Safavid: Wani nau'i na Mahdism na siyasa a duk tarihin da ''Abdolkarim Soroush'' ke nufin shine ka'idar "masarauta a madadin imam na sarakunan safavid". Wannan ka'idar a zahiri ka'idar siyasa ce ta Safavids. Wannan ka'idar kuma a bayyane take da rikici da dimokuradiyya. * Ka'idar Hojjatieh game da rashin amfani da siyasa: Wani nau'i na Mahdism na siyasa da ''Abdolkarim Soroush'' ya ambata shine ka'idar rashin amfani da siyasar a lokacin da ba ta nan kuma ta hukunta dukkan gwamnatoci kafin fitowar "Imam of Time" a matsayin mai cin zarafi. A cikin tarihi, yawancin Shi'a Faqīh sun ba da shawarar wannan ka'idar, kuma kafin juyin juya halin Musulunci, wannan ra'ayi ya yada ta hanyar Hojjatieh Association. * Ka'idar Musulunci mai juyin juya hali ko "Waiting, makarantar zanga-zanga": A cewar ''Abdolkarim Soroush'', wani nau'i na Mahdism wanda bai dace da dimokuradiyya ba shine ka'idar "Waiting", makarantar zanga-zangar" ta Dokta Ali Shari'a. Shariati ya bayyana a cikin labarin "Waiting, a protest school" a matsayin Utopia da masanin tarihi wanda ya yi imani da ƙaddamar da tarihi, wanda ke da hanyar da za a yi amfani da ita don jiran Mahdism don canza matsayin yanzu da kuma cimma burinsa na Utopia. == Dubi kuma ==   == manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [https://www.thefreedictionary.com/Mahdism Kalmomin - ma'anar Mahdism] * [https://www.britannica.com/topic/Mahdists Ma'anar Mahdist - mabiyan al-Mahdī] * [https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/international-journal-of-middle-east-studies/article/abs/mahdism-and-islamism-in-sudan/34C6921740D5D3568EC2BF616EB27540 Mahdi da Musulunci a Sudan] * [https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/european-journal-of-sociology-archives-europeennes-de-sociologie/article/abs/millenarianism-and-mahdism-in-lebanon/2F81B5C1E4750CA25235F3EEB1795A09 Millenniarianism da Mahdism a Lebanon] * [https://www.amazon.com/Mahdism-Islamic-Messianism-Universal-Doctrinal/dp/1543061990 Mahdism: addinin Almasihu na Musulunci da Imani a Zuwan Mai Ceto na Duniya] * [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00263200500262041?journalCode=fmes20 Daga Mahdism zuwa Neo-Mahdism a Sudan] * [https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/the-doctrine-of-mahdism Musulunci: Koyarwar Mahdism] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] laqci69b1npbrs7p9wl89vp9k8op7bq 0 91106 878814 817509 2026-07-08T08:10:32Z Nnamadee 31123 878814 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Yakin Darfur''', wanda kuma ake yi wa lakabi da '''Land Cruiser War''', wani babban rikici ne na makami a yankin Darfur na Sudan wanda ya fara a watan Fabrairun 2003 lokacin da Sudan Liberation Movement (SLM) da Justice and Equality Movement (JEM) suka yi tawaye. kungiyoyi sun fara yakar gwamnatin Sudan, wadda suke zargin ta danne al'ummar Darfur wadanda ba Larabawa ba.<ref>Q&A: Sudan's Darfur conflict". ''BBC News''. 8 February 2010. Archived from the original on 14 April 2009. Retrieved 24 March 2010.</ref><ref>Reuters AlertNet – Darfur conflict". Alertnet.org. Archived from the original on 1 May 2010. Retrieved 24 March 2010.</ref>Gwamnati ta mayar da martani kan hare-haren ta hanyar gudanar da wani gangamin kawar da kabilanci a kan wadanda ba Larabawa ba na Darfur. Wannan ya yi sanadin mutuwar dubban daruruwan fararen hula tare da tuhumar shugaban kasar Sudan Omar al-Bashir da laifin kisan kare dangi da laifukan yaki da kuma cin zarafin bil adama da kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta duniya ta yi. Wani bangare na rikicin ya kunshi sojojin Sudan, 'yan sanda, da Janjaweed, kungiyar 'yan tawayen Sudan wadanda akasarin mambobinta ake daukarsu aiki a tsakanin 'yan asalin Afirka Larabawa da kuma wasu tsirarun 'yan kabilar Bedouin na arewacin Rizeigat; Yawancin sauran kungiyoyin Larabawa a Darfur sun kasance ba su da hannu.<ref>de Waal, Alex (25 July 2004). "Darfur's Deep Grievances Defy All Hopes for An Easy Solution". ''The Observer''. London. Archived from the original on 28 August 2013. Retrieved 13 January 2011.</ref>Bangaren kuma ya kunshi kungiyoyin ‘yan tawaye, musamman SLM/A da JEM, wadanda aka dauka da farko daga kabilun Musulman Fur, Zaghawa, da Masalit wadanda ba Larabawa ba. Har ila yau kungiyar Tarayyar Afirka da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na da tawagar wanzar da zaman lafiya ta hadin gwiwa a yankin mai suna UNAMID. Ko da yake gwamnatin Sudan ta musanta cewa tana goyon bayan Janjaweed, amma shaidu sun tabbatar da ikirarin cewa ta ba da taimakon kudi da makamai da kuma hada kai hare-hare na hadin gwiwa, da yawa kan fararen hula. Kiyasin adadin mutanen da suka mutu ya kai dubu dari da dama, daga yaki ko yunwa da cututtuka. Matsugunan jama'a da ƙaura na tilastawa sun tilasta wa miliyoyin mutane shiga sansanonin 'yan gudun hijira ko kuma ta kan iyaka, lamarin da ya haifar da rikicin bil adama. Sakataren harkokin wajen Amurka Colin Powell ya bayyana lamarin a matsayin kisan kiyashi ko kuma kisan kiyashi. Gwamnatin Sudan da JEM sun rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar tsagaita bude wuta a watan Fabrairun 2010, tare da kulla yarjejeniyoyin neman zaman lafiya. JEM tana da mafi yawan abin da za ta samu daga tattaunawar kuma tana iya ganin ikon cin gashin kai kamar Sudan ta Kudu.Sai dai tattaunawar ta wargaza sakamakon zargin da ake yi wa sojojin Sudan na kai hare-hare da kuma kai hare-hare ta sama kan wani kauye, wanda hakan ya saba wa yarjejeniyar Tolu. Kungiyar ta JEM, kungiyar 'yan tawaye mafi girma a Darfur, ta sha alwashin kauracewa tattaunawar. Daftarin kundin tsarin mulkin watan Agustan 2019, wanda wakilan sojoji da na farar hula suka rattabawa hannu a lokacin juyin juya halin Sudan, ya bukaci a samar da tsarin zaman lafiya da zai kai ga cimma yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya a yankin Darfur da sauran yankunan da ake fama da rikici a Sudan cikin watanni shida na farkon watanni 39. lokacin mika mulki ga gwamnatin farar hula ta dimokradiyya. An rattaba hannu kan wata cikakkiyar yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya a ranar 31 ga watan Agustan 2020 tsakanin hukumomin Sudan da wasu kungiyoyin 'yan tawaye don kawo karshen tashin hankalin da ke dauke da makamai. ==Asali== Darfur, Larabci don "gidan Fur", ba wani yanki ne na al'ada na jihohin da aka shirya tare da babban kwarin Nilu ba amma a maimakon haka an tsara shi azaman sultanate mai zaman kansa a karni na 14. Sakamakon hijirar kabilar Banu Hilal a karni na 11 miladiyya, mutanen kogin Nilu sun zama larabci sosai yayin da yankunan da ke kusa suka kasance kusa da al'adun Sudan ta asali. A shekarar 1875 ne aka hade kasar Sudan ta Masar, sannan gwamnanta Slatin Pasha ya mika wuya ga kasar Mahdist a shekarar 1883. Bayan nasarar Anglo-Egypt a yakin Mahdist, Sultan Ali Dinar ya dawo da shi a matsayin abokin huldar Birtaniya kafin 1916 ya kore shi. balaguro bayan ya fara tallafawa [[daular Usmaniyya]] a lokacin yakin duniya na farko. Daga baya, Darfur ya kasance wani yanki na Anglo-Masar Sudan da Jamhuriyar Sudan mai cin gashin kanta. Akwai bayanai iri-iri daban-daban dangane da asalin rikicin da ya faro a shekara ta 2003. Wani bayani ya kunshi rikicin filaye tsakanin makiyayan makiyaya da masu sana’ar noma. An kuma bayyana samun ruwa a matsayin babban tushen rikicin. Rikicin na Darfur kuma yana da nasaba da yakin basasar Sudan na daya da na biyu, tsakanin gwamnatin da Larabawa ke mamaye da kuma kiristoci da bakaken fata bakaken fata. Wani asali kuma shi ne rikici tsakanin masu kishin Islama, gwamnatin kasa mai hedkwata a Khartoum da kuma kungiyoyin 'yan tawaye biyu da ke da sansani a Darfur: Rundunar 'Yancin Sudan (SLA) da kungiyar Adalci da daidaito. ===Zargin wariyar launin fata=== A farkon shekarar 1991, wadanda ba Larabawa ba na kabilar Zaghawa ta Sudan, sun ba da shaidar cewa, sun sha fama da kazamin yakin wariyar launin fata na Larabawa, da ke raba Larabawa da wadanda ba Larabawa ba. Larabawan Sudan, wadanda ke rike da gwamnati, ana kiransu da nuna wariyar launin fata ga mutanen Sudan wadanda ba Larabawa ba. An zargi gwamnatin da “taka-ta-ka-ta-kayi da hadin kan Larabawa” don aiwatar da manufofin wariyar launin fata da tsarkake kabilanci.Masanin tattalin arziki na jami'ar Amurka George Ayittey ya zargi gwamnatin Larabawa Sudan da aikata wariyar launin fata ga baki 'yan kasar.A cewar Ayittey, “A Sudan... Larabawa sun mamaye mulki, suka kuma kebe baki – wariyar launin fata ta Larabawa.”Yawancin masu sharhi na Afirka sun bi sahun Ayittey wajen zargin Sudan da aikata wariyar launin fata ta Larabawa. Alan Dershowitz ya yi iƙirarin cewa Sudan misali ne na wariyar launin fata.Tsohon ministan shari'a na Kanada Irwin Cotler ya yi na'am da wannan zargi.<ref>Vukoni Lupa Lasaga, "The slow, violent death of apartheid in Sudan," 19 September 2006, Norwegian Council for Africa.</ref> ==Tarihi== Marubutan Julie Flint da Alex de Waal sun bayyana cewa farkon tawayen ya kasance a ranar 21 ga Yulin 2001, lokacin da gungun Zaghawa da Fur suka hadu a Abu Gamra suka yi rantsuwa da Alkur'ani (Kusan dukkan mazauna Darfur musulmi ne, ciki har da Janjaweed, da sauransu). a matsayin shugabannin gwamnati a Khartoum.)<ref>Alan Dershowitz (3 November 2008). ''The Case Against Israel's Enemies: Exposing Jimmy Carter and Others Who Stand in the Way of Peace''. John Wiley & Sons. p. 24. ISBN <bdi>978-0-470-44745-1</bdi>. Retrieved 19 March 2016.</ref>don yin aiki tare don kare kai hare-haren da gwamnati ke kaiwa kauyukansu.Matakin soja na farko da 'yan tawayen suka yi shi ne nasarar kai hari a wani barikin sojoji a ranar 25 ga Fabrairun 2002. Gwamnati ta san da hadaddiyar kungiyar 'yan tawaye tun bayan harin da aka kai ofishin 'yan sanda na Golo a watan Yuni, 2002. Flint da de Waal ne suka fara kaddamar da harin. Kisan kare dangi na Darfur a ranar 26 ga Fabrairun 2003, lokacin da wata kungiya da ke kiran kanta da kungiyar 'yan tawayen Darfur (DFF) ta fito fili ta dauki alhakin harin da aka kai Golo, hedkwatar Jebel. Gundumar Marra. Ya zuwa wannan lokaci an kai hare-haren 'yan tawaye da dama a kan ofisoshin 'yan sanda, sansanonin sojoji da ayarin motocin sojoji sannan kuma gwamnati ta kai wani gagarumin farmaki ta sama da ta kasa kan tungar 'yan tawayen a tsaunin Marrah. A ranar 25 ga watan Maris din shekarar 2003 ne 'yan tawayen suka kwace garin Tine da ke kan iyaka da kasar Chadi, inda suka kwace kayayyaki da makamai masu yawa. Duk da barazanar da shugaba Omar al-Bashir ya yi na cewa za a saki sojojin, amma sojojin ba su da wani tanadi. Tuni dai aka jibge sojojin a duka kudanci, inda yakin basasar Sudan na biyu ke shirin kawo karshe, da kuma gabashin kasar, inda 'yan tawayen da [[Eritrea]] ke daukar nauyi ke barazanar sake gina wani bututun mai daga tsakiyar tsakiyar kasar zuwa Port Sudan. Dabarar ‘yan tawayen na farmakin kai farmaki ta kai ga gagara ga sojojin – wadanda ba su da horo a ayyukan hamada – su iya tinkarar su. Duk da haka, tashin bama-baman da ta yi ta sama kan wuraren da 'yan tawaye suka yi a kan dutsen ya yi muni matuka. Da misalin karfe 5:30 na safiyar ranar 25 ga watan Afrilun 2003 ne aka yi kisan kare dangi a yankin Darfur a lokacin da kungiyar 'yan tawayen Sudan da JEM, wadda ita ce babbar kungiyar 'yan tawaye a yankin Darfur, suka shiga Al-Fashir, babban birnin lardin Darfur ta Arewa inda suka kai hari kan sansanin barci. A cikin sa'o'i hudu masu zuwa, an lalata wasu bama-bamai guda hudu na Antonov da jirage masu saukar ungulu (a cewar gwamnati; bakwai a cewar 'yan tawayen) a kasa, an kashe sojoji 75, matukan jirgi da masu fasaha, sannan an kama 32, ciki har da kwamandan sansanin sojin sama. , Manjo Janar. Nasarar farmakin dai ba a taba yin irinsa ba a Sudan; A cikin shekaru ashirin da aka shafe ana yakin kudancin kasar, kungiyar 'yan tawayen Sudan ta SPLA ba ta taba kai irin wannan farmakin ba. Harin Al-Fashir ya kasance wani sauyi, a fagen soji da na tunani. Hare-haren sun sha wulakanta sojojin da ke dauke da makamai, lamarin da ya jefa gwamnati cikin mawuyacin hali. Dole ne a sake horar da sojojin da ba su da kwarewa da kuma sake tura su aiki a cikin damuwa game da amincin da yawa daga cikin hafsoshi da sojoji na Darfur. An bai wa leken asirin sojan Sudan alhakin hukunta yakin. Duk da haka, a tsakiyar watanni na 2003, 'yan tawaye sun ci nasara 34 daga cikin 38. A watan Mayu, SLA ta lalata wata bataliyar a Kutum, inda ta kashe 500 tare da kama fursunoni 300; a tsakiyar watan Yuli, an kashe mutane 250 a wani hari na biyu da aka kai a Tine. Kungiyar SLA ta fara kutsawa zuwa gabas mai nisa, inda ta yi barazanar tsawaita yakin zuwa Kordofan. Ganin cewa sojojin suna shan kashi akai-akai, yakin ya canza zuwa jaddada abubuwa uku: leken asirin soja, sojojin sama da Janjaweed. Na baya-bayan nan makiyayan Baggara ne dauke da makamai wadanda gwamnati ta yi amfani da su wajen murkushe yunkurin Masalit daga 1986 zuwa 1999. Janjaweed ya zama cibiyar sabbin dabarun yaki da ta'addanci. Ko da yake gwamnati ta musanta goyon bayansu, amma an zuba kayan soji a cikin Darfur kuma an sanya Janjaweed a matsayin rundunar soji, cike da kayan sadarwa da wasu manyan bindigogi. Masu tsara shirye-shiryen soja suna sane da sakamako mai yiwuwa na irin wannan dabara: irin wannan hanyoyin da aka yi a tsaunukan Nuba da kewayen wuraren mai na kudanci a cikin shekarun 1990 sun haifar da cin zarafi mai yawa na take haƙƙin ɗan adam da ƙaura. ===Fyade=== Nan da nan bayan da Janjaweed ya shiga cikin rikicin, an fara ba da labarin fyaden da ake yi wa mata da ‘yan mata, wanda galibi daga ‘yan bindiga da dama, kuma a tsawon tsawon dare, an fara ba da rahoto mai ban mamaki.Yara ‘yan kasa da shekara 2 ne aka ruwaito an kashe su, yayin da aka ci zarafin iyaye mata a gaban ‘ya’yansu. An kai wa ‘yan mata hari da karfi ta yadda ba za su iya tafiya ba bayan harin.[237] An ba da rahoton cewa ‘yan tawayen Janjaweed sun yi wa mutanen da ba Larabawa ba ne fyade, sakamakon manufar gwamnatin Sudan na kawar da baki ‘yan Afirka baki daya da kuma wadanda ba larabawa daga yankin Darfur baki daya. Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje ta Washington Post ta yi hira da wasu da aka tabbatar da wadanda aka yi wa fyaden kuma ta rubuta cewa ana amfani da kalmomin Larabci kamar "abid" da "zurga", wanda ke nufin bawa da baƙar fata. Wani da aka kashe mai suna Sawelah Suliman, wanda ya kai harin ya ce mata: “Bakar yarinya kin yi duhu sosai, kin zama kamar kare, muna so mu yi jariri mai haske.”Har ila yau, ya zargi Rundunar Ba da Agajin Gaggawa da yin fyade da kai hari tun a shekarar 2015. ===Kiyasin mace mace=== An buga kididdigar asarar rayuka da yawa tun lokacin da aka fara yaƙin, daga kusan fararen hula 10,000 (ƙimar gwamnatin Sudan) zuwa ɗaruruwan dubbai.[241] A watan Satumban 2004, watanni 18 bayan barkewar rikici, Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya ta kiyasta cewa an kashe mutane 50,000 a Darfur, galibi saboda yunwa. Wani kiyasi da aka sabunta da aka buga a wata mai zuwa ya nuna adadin wadanda suka mutu na tsawon watanni 6 daga Maris zuwa Oktoba 2004 saboda yunwa da cututtuka a 70,000; An soki waɗannan alkaluma saboda kawai sun ɗauki ɗan gajeren lokaci kuma ba su haɗa da mace-mace daga tashin hankali ba. Wani rahoton Majalisar Dokokin Burtaniya na baya-bayan nan ya kiyasta cewa sama da mutane 300,000 ne suka mutu kuma wasu sun buga kiyasin adadin wadanda suka fi yawa.[wane?] A watan Maris na shekara ta 2005, jami’in bayar da agajin gaggawa na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Jan Egeland ya yi kiyasin cewa mutane 10,000 ne ke mutuwa a kowane wata, ban da mace-mace saboda rikicin kabilanci.Kimanin mutane miliyan 2.7 ne a wancan lokacin suka rasa matsugunansu, akasarinsu suna neman mafaka a sansanoni a manyan garuruwan Darfur. Dubu dari biyu ne suka tsere zuwa makwabciyar kasar Chadi. Rahotannin da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta yi na mace-mace na tashin hankali sun nuna a tsakanin 6,000 zuwa 7,000 daga 2004 zuwa 2007.[246]. A watan Mayun 2005, Cibiyar Bincike kan Cututtuka na Bala'i (CRED) na Makarantar Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a na Jami'ar catholique de Louvain a Brussels, Belgium ta buga wani bincike game da mace-mace a Darfur. Kiyasin da suka yi ya ce daga watan Satumba na 2003 zuwa Janairu 2005, tsakanin mutane 98,000 zuwa 181,000 sun mutu a Darfur, ciki har da mutuwar mutane 63,000 zuwa 146,000. A cikin watan Agustan 2010, Eric Reeves ya bayar da hujjar cewa jimillar mace-mace daga dukkan musabbabin tashin hankali, kai tsaye da kuma kaikaice, a wancan lokacin cikin rikicin, ya zarce 500,000. Bincikensa ya yi la'akari da duk bayanan mace-mace da aka yi a baya da kuma nazarin, ciki har da wanda Cibiyar Bincike kan Cutar Kwayoyin cuta ta Bala'i. Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta bayyana a ranar 22 ga Afrilun 2008 cewa mai yiwuwa ta raina adadin wadanda suka mutu a yankin Darfur da kusan kashi 50%. A watan Yulin 2009, The Christian Science Monitor ya buga wani op-ed yana mai cewa yawancin adadin mace-macen da aka buga na yaudara ne domin sun haɗa da adadin mutanen da suka mutu sakamakon cututtuka da [[rashin abinci mai gina jiki]], da kuma waɗanda suka mutu sakamakon tashin hankali kai tsaye. A cikin Janairu 2010, Cibiyar Bincike kan Cututtuka na Bala'i ta buga wata kasida a cikin fitowa ta musamman ta Lancet. Labarin mai taken "Tsarin yawan mace-mace a rikicin na Darfur", an kiyasta da kashi 95% na yakinin cewa adadin wadanda suka mutu ya wuce 178,258 da 461,520 (tare da kusan 298,271), tare da kashi 80% na wadannan sakamakon cututtuka. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category: Yaƙi]] d9d7jq5dmj7e7fuzqnp0bg1bw5urr4s 878815 878814 2026-07-08T08:11:41Z Nnamadee 31123 878815 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Yakin Darfur''', wanda kuma ake yi wa lakabi da '''Land Cruiser War''', wani babban rikici ne na makami a yankin Darfur na Sudan wanda ya fara a watan Fabrairun 2003 lokacin da Sudan Liberation Movement (SLM) da Justice and Equality Movement (JEM) suka yi tawaye. kungiyoyi sun fara yakar gwamnatin Sudan, wadda suke zargin ta danne al'ummar Darfur wadanda ba Larabawa ba.<ref>Q&A: Sudan's Darfur conflict". ''BBC News''. 8 February 2010. Archived from the original on 14 April 2009. Retrieved 24 March 2010.</ref><ref>Reuters AlertNet – Darfur conflict". Alertnet.org. Archived from the original on 1 May 2010. Retrieved 24 March 2010.</ref>Gwamnati ta mayar da martani kan hare-haren ta hanyar gudanar da wani gangamin kawar da kabilanci a kan wadanda ba Larabawa ba na Darfur. Wannan ya yi sanadin mutuwar dubban daruruwan fararen hula tare da tuhumar shugaban kasar Sudan Omar al-Bashir da laifin kisan kare dangi da laifukan yaki da kuma cin zarafin bil adama da kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta duniya ta yi. Wani bangare na rikicin ya kunshi sojojin Sudan, 'yan sanda, da Janjaweed, kungiyar 'yan tawayen Sudan wadanda akasarin mambobinta ake daukarsu aiki a tsakanin 'yan asalin Afirka Larabawa da kuma wasu tsirarun 'yan kabilar Bedouin na arewacin Rizeigat; Yawancin sauran kungiyoyin Larabawa a Darfur sun kasance ba su da hannu.<ref>de Waal, Alex (25 July 2004). "Darfur's Deep Grievances Defy All Hopes for An Easy Solution". ''The Observer''. London. Archived from the original on 28 August 2013. Retrieved 13 January 2011.</ref>Bangaren kuma ya kunshi kungiyoyin ‘yan tawaye, musamman SLM/A da JEM, wadanda aka dauka da farko daga kabilun Musulman Fur, Zaghawa, da Masalit wadanda ba Larabawa ba. Har ila yau kungiyar Tarayyar Afirka da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na da tawagar wanzar da zaman lafiya ta hadin gwiwa a yankin mai suna UNAMID. Ko da yake gwamnatin Sudan ta musanta cewa tana goyon bayan Janjaweed, amma shaidu sun tabbatar da ikirarin cewa ta ba da taimakon kudi da makamai da kuma hada kai hare-hare na hadin gwiwa, da yawa kan fararen hula. Kiyasin adadin mutanen da suka mutu ya kai dubu dari da dama, daga yaki ko yunwa da cututtuka. Matsugunan jama'a da ƙaura na tilastawa sun tilasta wa miliyoyin mutane shiga sansanonin 'yan gudun hijira ko kuma ta kan iyaka, lamarin da ya haifar da rikicin bil adama. Sakataren harkokin wajen Amurka Colin Powell ya bayyana lamarin a matsayin kisan kiyashi ko kuma kisan kiyashi. Gwamnatin Sudan da JEM sun rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar tsagaita bude wuta a watan Fabrairun 2010, tare da kulla yarjejeniyoyin neman zaman lafiya. JEM tana da mafi yawan abin da za ta samu daga tattaunawar kuma tana iya ganin ikon cin gashin kai kamar Sudan ta Kudu.Sai dai tattaunawar ta wargaza sakamakon zargin da ake yi wa sojojin Sudan na kai hare-hare da kuma kai hare-hare ta sama kan wani kauye, wanda hakan ya saba wa yarjejeniyar Tolu. Kungiyar ta JEM, kungiyar 'yan tawaye mafi girma a Darfur, ta sha alwashin kauracewa tattaunawar. Daftarin kundin tsarin mulkin watan Agustan 2019, wanda wakilan sojoji da na farar hula suka rattabawa hannu a lokacin juyin juya halin Sudan, ya bukaci a samar da tsarin zaman lafiya da zai kai ga cimma yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya a yankin Darfur da sauran yankunan da ake fama da rikici a Sudan cikin watanni shida na farkon watanni 39. lokacin mika mulki ga gwamnatin farar hula ta dimokradiyya. An rattaba hannu kan wata cikakkiyar yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya a ranar 31 ga watan Agustan 2020 tsakanin hukumomin Sudan da wasu kungiyoyin 'yan tawaye don kawo karshen tashin hankalin da ke dauke da makamai. ==Asali== Darfur, Larabci don "gidan Fur", ba wani yanki ne na al'ada na jihohin da aka shirya tare da babban kwarin Nilu ba amma a maimakon haka an tsara shi azaman sultanate mai zaman kansa a karni na 14. Sakamakon hijirar kabilar Banu Hilal a karni na 11 miladiyya, mutanen kogin Nilu sun zama larabci sosai yayin da yankunan da ke kusa suka kasance kusa da al'adun Sudan ta asali. A shekarar 1875 ne aka hade kasar Sudan ta Masar, sannan gwamnanta Slatin Pasha ya mika wuya ga kasar Mahdist a shekarar 1883. Bayan nasarar Anglo-Egypt a yakin Mahdist, Sultan Ali Dinar ya dawo da shi a matsayin abokin huldar Birtaniya kafin 1916 ya kore shi. balaguro bayan ya fara tallafawa [[daular Usmaniyya]] a lokacin yakin duniya na farko. Daga baya, Darfur ya kasance wani yanki na Anglo-Masar Sudan da Jamhuriyar Sudan mai cin gashin kanta. Akwai bayanai iri-iri daban-daban dangane da asalin rikicin da ya faro a shekara ta 2003. Wani bayani ya kunshi rikicin filaye tsakanin makiyayan makiyaya da masu sana’ar noma. An kuma bayyana samun ruwa a matsayin babban tushen rikicin. Rikicin na Darfur kuma yana da nasaba da yakin basasar Sudan na daya da na biyu, tsakanin gwamnatin da Larabawa ke mamaye da kuma kiristoci da bakaken fata bakaken fata. Wani asali kuma shi ne rikici tsakanin masu kishin Islama, gwamnatin kasa mai hedkwata a Khartoum da kuma kungiyoyin 'yan tawaye biyu da ke da sansani a Darfur: Rundunar 'Yancin Sudan (SLA) da kungiyar Adalci da daidaito. ===Zargin wariyar launin fata=== A farkon shekarar 1991, wadanda ba Larabawa ba na kabilar Zaghawa ta Sudan, sun ba da shaidar cewa, sun sha fama da kazamin yakin wariyar launin fata na Larabawa, da ke raba Larabawa da wadanda ba Larabawa ba. Larabawan Sudan, wadanda ke rike da gwamnati, ana kiransu da nuna wariyar launin fata ga mutanen Sudan wadanda ba Larabawa ba. An zargi gwamnatin da “taka-ta-ka-ta-kayi da hadin kan Larabawa” don aiwatar da manufofin wariyar launin fata da tsarkake kabilanci.Masanin tattalin arziki na jami'ar Amurka George Ayittey ya zargi gwamnatin Larabawa Sudan da aikata wariyar launin fata ga baki 'yan kasar.A cewar Ayittey, “A Sudan... Larabawa sun mamaye mulki, suka kuma kebe baki – wariyar launin fata ta Larabawa.”Yawancin masu sharhi na Afirka sun bi sahun Ayittey wajen zargin Sudan da aikata wariyar launin fata ta Larabawa. Alan Dershowitz ya yi iƙirarin cewa Sudan misali ne na wariyar launin fata.Tsohon ministan shari'a na Kanada Irwin Cotler ya yi na'am da wannan zargi.<ref>Vukoni Lupa Lasaga, "The slow, violent death of apartheid in Sudan," 19 September 2006, Norwegian Council for Africa.</ref> ==Tarihi== Marubutan Julie Flint da Alex de Waal sun bayyana cewa farkon tawayen ya kasance a ranar 21 ga Yulin 2001, lokacin da gungun Zaghawa da Fur suka hadu a Abu Gamra suka yi rantsuwa da Alkur'ani (Kusan dukkan mazauna Darfur musulmi ne, ciki har da Janjaweed, da sauransu). a matsayin shugabannin gwamnati a Khartoum.)<ref>Alan Dershowitz (3 November 2008). ''The Case Against Israel's Enemies: Exposing Jimmy Carter and Others Who Stand in the Way of Peace''. John Wiley & Sons. p. 24. ISBN <bdi>978-0-470-44745-1</bdi>. Retrieved 19 March 2016.</ref>don yin aiki tare don kare kai hare-haren da gwamnati ke kaiwa kauyukansu.Matakin soja na farko da 'yan tawayen suka yi shi ne nasarar kai hari a wani barikin sojoji a ranar 25 ga Fabrairun 2002. Gwamnati ta san da hadaddiyar kungiyar 'yan tawaye tun bayan harin da aka kai ofishin 'yan sanda na Golo a watan Yuni, 2002. Flint da de Waal ne suka fara kaddamar da harin. Kisan kare dangi na Darfur a ranar 26 ga Fabrairun 2003, lokacin da wata kungiya da ke kiran kanta da kungiyar 'yan tawayen Darfur (DFF) ta fito fili ta dauki alhakin harin da aka kai Golo, hedkwatar Jebel. Gundumar Marra. Ya zuwa wannan lokaci an kai hare-haren 'yan tawaye da dama a kan ofisoshin 'yan sanda, sansanonin sojoji da ayarin motocin sojoji sannan kuma gwamnati ta kai wani gagarumin farmaki ta sama da ta kasa kan tungar 'yan tawayen a tsaunin Marrah. A ranar 25 ga watan Maris din shekarar 2003 ne 'yan tawayen suka kwace garin Tine da ke kan iyaka da kasar Chadi, inda suka kwace kayayyaki da makamai masu yawa. Duk da barazanar da shugaba Omar al-Bashir ya yi na cewa za a saki sojojin, amma sojojin ba su da wani tanadi. Tuni dai aka jibge sojojin a duka kudanci, inda yakin basasar Sudan na biyu ke shirin kawo karshe, da kuma gabashin kasar, inda 'yan tawayen da [[Eritrea]] ke daukar nauyi ke barazanar sake gina wani bututun mai daga tsakiyar tsakiyar kasar zuwa Port Sudan. Dabarar ‘yan tawayen na farmakin kai farmaki ta kai ga gagara ga sojojin – wadanda ba su da horo a ayyukan hamada – su iya tinkarar su. Duk da haka, tashin bama-baman da ta yi ta sama kan wuraren da 'yan tawaye suka yi a kan dutsen ya yi muni matuka. Da misalin karfe 5:30 na safiyar ranar 25 ga watan Afrilun 2003 ne aka yi kisan kare dangi a yankin Darfur a lokacin da kungiyar 'yan tawayen Sudan da JEM, wadda ita ce babbar kungiyar 'yan tawaye a yankin Darfur, suka shiga Al-Fashir, babban birnin lardin Darfur ta Arewa inda suka kai hari kan sansanin barci. A cikin sa'o'i hudu masu zuwa, an lalata wasu bama-bamai guda hudu na Antonov da jirage masu saukar ungulu (a cewar gwamnati; bakwai a cewar 'yan tawayen) a kasa, an kashe sojoji 75, matukan jirgi da masu fasaha, sannan an kama 32, ciki har da kwamandan sansanin sojin sama. , Manjo Janar. Nasarar farmakin dai ba a taba yin irinsa ba a Sudan; A cikin shekaru ashirin da aka shafe ana yakin kudancin kasar, kungiyar 'yan tawayen Sudan ta SPLA ba ta taba kai irin wannan farmakin ba. Harin Al-Fashir ya kasance wani sauyi, a fagen soji da na tunani. Hare-haren sun sha wulakanta sojojin da ke dauke da makamai, lamarin da ya jefa gwamnati cikin mawuyacin hali. Dole ne a sake horar da sojojin da ba su da kwarewa da kuma sake tura su aiki a cikin damuwa game da amincin da yawa daga cikin hafsoshi da sojoji na Darfur. An bai wa leken asirin sojan Sudan alhakin hukunta yakin. Duk da haka, a tsakiyar watanni na 2003, 'yan tawaye sun ci nasara 34 daga cikin 38. A watan Mayu, SLA ta lalata wata bataliyar a Kutum, inda ta kashe 500 tare da kama fursunoni 300; a tsakiyar watan Yuli, an kashe mutane 250 a wani hari na biyu da aka kai a Tine. Kungiyar SLA ta fara kutsawa zuwa gabas mai nisa, inda ta yi barazanar tsawaita yakin zuwa Kordofan. Ganin cewa sojojin suna shan kashi akai-akai, yakin ya canza zuwa jaddada abubuwa uku: leken asirin soja, sojojin sama da Janjaweed. Na baya-bayan nan makiyayan Baggara ne dauke da makamai wadanda gwamnati ta yi amfani da su wajen murkushe yunkurin Masalit daga 1986 zuwa 1999. Janjaweed ya zama cibiyar sabbin dabarun yaki da ta'addanci. Ko da yake gwamnati ta musanta goyon bayansu, amma an zuba kayan soji a cikin Darfur kuma an sanya Janjaweed a matsayin rundunar soji, cike da kayan sadarwa da wasu manyan bindigogi. Masu tsara shirye-shiryen soja suna sane da sakamako mai yiwuwa na irin wannan dabara: irin wannan hanyoyin da aka yi a tsaunukan Nuba da kewayen wuraren mai na kudanci a cikin shekarun 1990 sun haifar da cin zarafi mai yawa na take haƙƙin ɗan adam da ƙaura. ===Fyade=== Nan da nan bayan da Janjaweed ya shiga cikin rikicin, an fara ba da labarin fyaden da ake yi wa mata da ‘yan mata, wanda galibi daga ‘yan bindiga da dama, kuma a tsawon tsawon dare, an fara ba da rahoto mai ban mamaki.Yara ‘yan kasa da shekara 2 ne aka ruwaito an kashe su, yayin da aka ci zarafin iyaye mata a gaban ‘ya’yansu. An kai wa ‘yan mata hari da karfi ta yadda ba za su iya tafiya ba bayan harin.[237] An ba da rahoton cewa ‘yan tawayen Janjaweed sun yi wa mutanen da ba Larabawa ba ne fyade, sakamakon manufar gwamnatin Sudan na kawar da baki ‘yan Afirka baki daya da kuma wadanda ba larabawa daga yankin Darfur baki daya. Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje ta Washington Post ta yi hira da wasu da aka tabbatar da wadanda aka yi wa fyaden kuma ta rubuta cewa ana amfani da kalmomin Larabci kamar "abid" da "zurga", wanda ke nufin bawa da baƙar fata. Wani da aka kashe mai suna Sawelah Suliman, wanda ya kai harin ya ce mata: “Bakar yarinya kin yi duhu sosai, kin zama kamar kare, muna so mu yi jariri mai haske.”Har ila yau, ya zargi Rundunar Ba da Agajin Gaggawa da yin fyade da kai hari tun a shekarar 2015. ===Kiyasin mace mace=== An buga kididdigar asarar rayuka da yawa tun lokacin da aka fara yaƙin, daga kusan fararen hula 10,000 (ƙimar gwamnatin Sudan) zuwa ɗaruruwan dubbai.[241] A watan Satumban 2004, watanni 18 bayan barkewar rikici, Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya ta kiyasta cewa an kashe mutane 50,000 a Darfur, galibi saboda yunwa. Wani kiyasi da aka sabunta da aka buga a wata mai zuwa ya nuna adadin wadanda suka mutu na tsawon watanni 6 daga Maris zuwa Oktoba 2004 saboda yunwa da cututtuka a 70,000; An soki waɗannan alkaluma saboda kawai sun ɗauki ɗan gajeren lokaci kuma ba su haɗa da mace-mace daga tashin hankali ba. Wani rahoton Majalisar Dokokin Burtaniya na baya-bayan nan ya kiyasta cewa sama da mutane 300,000 ne suka mutu kuma wasu sun buga kiyasin adadin wadanda suka fi yawa.[wane?] A watan Maris na shekara ta 2005, jami’in bayar da agajin gaggawa na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Jan Egeland ya yi kiyasin cewa mutane 10,000 ne ke mutuwa a kowane wata, ban da mace-mace saboda rikicin kabilanci.Kimanin mutane miliyan 2.7 ne a wancan lokacin suka rasa matsugunansu, akasarinsu suna neman mafaka a sansanoni a manyan garuruwan Darfur. Dubu dari biyu ne suka tsere zuwa makwabciyar kasar Chadi. Rahotannin da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta yi na mace-mace na tashin hankali sun nuna a tsakanin 6,000 zuwa 7,000 daga 2004 zuwa 2007.[246]. A watan Mayun 2005, Cibiyar Bincike kan Cututtuka na Bala'i (CRED) na Makarantar Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a na Jami'ar catholique de Louvain a Brussels, Belgium ta buga wani bincike game da mace-mace a Darfur. Kiyasin da suka yi ya ce daga watan Satumba na 2003 zuwa Janairu 2005, tsakanin mutane 98,000 zuwa 181,000 sun mutu a Darfur, ciki har da mutuwar mutane 63,000 zuwa 146,000. A cikin watan Agustan 2010, Eric Reeves ya bayar da hujjar cewa jimillar mace-mace daga dukkan musabbabin tashin hankali, kai tsaye da kuma kaikaice, a wancan lokacin cikin rikicin, ya zarce 500,000. Bincikensa ya yi la'akari da duk bayanan mace-mace da aka yi a baya da kuma nazarin, ciki har da wanda Cibiyar Bincike kan Cutar Kwayoyin cuta ta Bala'i. Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta bayyana a ranar 22 ga Afrilun 2008 cewa mai yiwuwa ta raina adadin wadanda suka mutu a yankin Darfur da kusan kashi 50%. A watan Yulin 2009, The Christian Science Monitor ya buga wani op-ed yana mai cewa yawancin adadin mace-macen da aka buga na yaudara ne domin sun haɗa da adadin mutanen da suka mutu sakamakon cututtuka da [[rashin abinci mai gina jiki]], da kuma waɗanda suka mutu sakamakon tashin hankali kai tsaye. A cikin Janairu 2010, Cibiyar Bincike kan Cututtuka na Bala'i ta buga wata kasida a cikin fitowa ta musamman ta Lancet. Labarin mai taken "Tsarin yawan mace-mace a rikicin na Darfur", an kiyasta da kashi 95% na yakinin cewa adadin wadanda suka mutu ya wuce 178,258 da 461,520 (tare da kusan 298,271), tare da kashi 80% na wadannan sakamakon cututtuka. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category: Yaƙi]] 1epyy3tqn6yxrsq3r6tfkbgbffdgbb2 878818 878815 2026-07-08T08:16:10Z Nnamadee 31123 An kirkira ta fassara "Origins of the conflict" daga shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1362577483|War in Darfur]]" 878818 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Yakin Darfur''', wanda kuma ake yi wa lakabi da '''Land Cruiser War''', wani babban rikici ne na makami a yankin Darfur na Sudan wanda ya fara a watan Fabrairun 2003 lokacin da Sudan Liberation Movement (SLM) da Justice and Equality Movement (JEM) suka yi tawaye. kungiyoyi sun fara yakar gwamnatin Sudan, wadda suke zargin ta danne al'ummar Darfur wadanda ba Larabawa ba.<ref>Q&A: Sudan's Darfur conflict". ''BBC News''. 8 February 2010. Archived from the original on 14 April 2009. Retrieved 24 March 2010.</ref><ref>Reuters AlertNet – Darfur conflict". Alertnet.org. Archived from the original on 1 May 2010. Retrieved 24 March 2010.</ref>Gwamnati ta mayar da martani kan hare-haren ta hanyar gudanar da wani gangamin kawar da kabilanci a kan wadanda ba Larabawa ba na Darfur. Wannan ya yi sanadin mutuwar dubban daruruwan fararen hula tare da tuhumar shugaban kasar Sudan Omar al-Bashir da laifin kisan kare dangi da laifukan yaki da kuma cin zarafin bil adama da kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta duniya ta yi. Wani bangare na rikicin ya kunshi sojojin Sudan, 'yan sanda, da Janjaweed, kungiyar 'yan tawayen Sudan wadanda akasarin mambobinta ake daukarsu aiki a tsakanin 'yan asalin Afirka Larabawa da kuma wasu tsirarun 'yan kabilar Bedouin na arewacin Rizeigat; Yawancin sauran kungiyoyin Larabawa a Darfur sun kasance ba su da hannu.<ref>de Waal, Alex (25 July 2004). "Darfur's Deep Grievances Defy All Hopes for An Easy Solution". ''The Observer''. London. Archived from the original on 28 August 2013. Retrieved 13 January 2011.</ref>Bangaren kuma ya kunshi kungiyoyin ‘yan tawaye, musamman SLM/A da JEM, wadanda aka dauka da farko daga kabilun Musulman Fur, Zaghawa, da Masalit wadanda ba Larabawa ba. Har ila yau kungiyar Tarayyar Afirka da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na da tawagar wanzar da zaman lafiya ta hadin gwiwa a yankin mai suna UNAMID. Ko da yake gwamnatin Sudan ta musanta cewa tana goyon bayan Janjaweed, amma shaidu sun tabbatar da ikirarin cewa ta ba da taimakon kudi da makamai da kuma hada kai hare-hare na hadin gwiwa, da yawa kan fararen hula. Kiyasin adadin mutanen da suka mutu ya kai dubu dari da dama, daga yaki ko yunwa da cututtuka. Matsugunan jama'a da ƙaura na tilastawa sun tilasta wa miliyoyin mutane shiga sansanonin 'yan gudun hijira ko kuma ta kan iyaka, lamarin da ya haifar da rikicin bil adama. Sakataren harkokin wajen Amurka Colin Powell ya bayyana lamarin a matsayin kisan kiyashi ko kuma kisan kiyashi. Gwamnatin Sudan da JEM sun rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar tsagaita bude wuta a watan Fabrairun 2010, tare da kulla yarjejeniyoyin neman zaman lafiya. JEM tana da mafi yawan abin da za ta samu daga tattaunawar kuma tana iya ganin ikon cin gashin kai kamar Sudan ta Kudu.Sai dai tattaunawar ta wargaza sakamakon zargin da ake yi wa sojojin Sudan na kai hare-hare da kuma kai hare-hare ta sama kan wani kauye, wanda hakan ya saba wa yarjejeniyar Tolu. Kungiyar ta JEM, kungiyar 'yan tawaye mafi girma a Darfur, ta sha alwashin kauracewa tattaunawar. Daftarin kundin tsarin mulkin watan Agustan 2019, wanda wakilan sojoji da na farar hula suka rattabawa hannu a lokacin juyin juya halin Sudan, ya bukaci a samar da tsarin zaman lafiya da zai kai ga cimma yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya a yankin Darfur da sauran yankunan da ake fama da rikici a Sudan cikin watanni shida na farkon watanni 39. lokacin mika mulki ga gwamnatin farar hula ta dimokradiyya. An rattaba hannu kan wata cikakkiyar yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya a ranar 31 ga watan Agustan 2020 tsakanin hukumomin Sudan da wasu kungiyoyin 'yan tawaye don kawo karshen tashin hankalin da ke dauke da makamai. ==Asali== Darfur, Larabci don "gidan Fur", ba wani yanki ne na al'ada na jihohin da aka shirya tare da babban kwarin Nilu ba amma a maimakon haka an tsara shi azaman sultanate mai zaman kansa a karni na 14. Sakamakon hijirar kabilar Banu Hilal a karni na 11 miladiyya, mutanen kogin Nilu sun zama larabci sosai yayin da yankunan da ke kusa suka kasance kusa da al'adun Sudan ta asali. A shekarar 1875 ne aka hade kasar Sudan ta Masar, sannan gwamnanta Slatin Pasha ya mika wuya ga kasar Mahdist a shekarar 1883. Bayan nasarar Anglo-Egypt a yakin Mahdist, Sultan Ali Dinar ya dawo da shi a matsayin abokin huldar Birtaniya kafin 1916 ya kore shi. balaguro bayan ya fara tallafawa [[daular Usmaniyya]] a lokacin yakin duniya na farko. Daga baya, Darfur ya kasance wani yanki na Anglo-Masar Sudan da Jamhuriyar Sudan mai cin gashin kanta. Akwai bayanai iri-iri daban-daban dangane da asalin rikicin da ya faro a shekara ta 2003. Wani bayani ya kunshi rikicin filaye tsakanin makiyayan makiyaya da masu sana’ar noma. An kuma bayyana samun ruwa a matsayin babban tushen rikicin. Rikicin na Darfur kuma yana da nasaba da yakin basasar Sudan na daya da na biyu, tsakanin gwamnatin da Larabawa ke mamaye da kuma kiristoci da bakaken fata bakaken fata. Wani asali kuma shi ne rikici tsakanin masu kishin Islama, gwamnatin kasa mai hedkwata a Khartoum da kuma kungiyoyin 'yan tawaye biyu da ke da sansani a Darfur: Rundunar 'Yancin Sudan (SLA) da kungiyar Adalci da daidaito. ===Zargin wariyar launin fata=== A farkon shekarar 1991, wadanda ba Larabawa ba na kabilar Zaghawa ta Sudan, sun ba da shaidar cewa, sun sha fama da kazamin yakin wariyar launin fata na Larabawa, da ke raba Larabawa da wadanda ba Larabawa ba. Larabawan Sudan, wadanda ke rike da gwamnati, ana kiransu da nuna wariyar launin fata ga mutanen Sudan wadanda ba Larabawa ba. An zargi gwamnatin da “taka-ta-ka-ta-kayi da hadin kan Larabawa” don aiwatar da manufofin wariyar launin fata da tsarkake kabilanci.Masanin tattalin arziki na jami'ar Amurka George Ayittey ya zargi gwamnatin Larabawa Sudan da aikata wariyar launin fata ga baki 'yan kasar.A cewar Ayittey, “A Sudan... Larabawa sun mamaye mulki, suka kuma kebe baki – wariyar launin fata ta Larabawa.”Yawancin masu sharhi na Afirka sun bi sahun Ayittey wajen zargin Sudan da aikata wariyar launin fata ta Larabawa. Alan Dershowitz ya yi iƙirarin cewa Sudan misali ne na wariyar launin fata.Tsohon ministan shari'a na Kanada Irwin Cotler ya yi na'am da wannan zargi.<ref>Vukoni Lupa Lasaga, "The slow, violent death of apartheid in Sudan," 19 September 2006, Norwegian Council for Africa.</ref> == Asalin rikicin == Darfur, [[Larabci|wanda aka fi sani]] da "gidan [[Mutanen Fur|Fur]] ", ba wani yanki ne na gargajiya na jihohin da aka tsara a gefen kwarin [[Nil|Nilu]] ba, amma a maimakon haka an tsara shi a matsayin sarkin da ke da 'yancin kai a ƙarni na 14. Saboda ƙaura da ƙabilar Banu Hilal ta yi a ƙarni na 11 AD, mutanen kwarin Nilu sun zama masu yawan harshen Larabci yayin da yankunan karkara suka kasance kusa da al'adun asalin ƙasar Sudan. An fara haɗa ta da Sudan ta Masar a shekarar 1875 sannan gwamnanta Slatin Pasha ya miƙa wuya ga Jihar Mahdist a shekarar 1883. Bayan nasarar [[Tarihin Masar a ƙarƙashin Burtaniya|Anglo-Masar]] a [[Yakin Mahdist|Yaƙin Mahdist]], an mayar da Sultan [[Ali Dinar]] a matsayin abokin cinikin [[Daular Biritaniya|Burtaniya]] kafin a kore shi daga aiki a [[Mamaye yankin Darfur (1916)|1916]] bayan ya fara tallafawa [[Daular Usmaniyya|Daular Ottoman]] a lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na I|Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya]] . Daga baya, Darfur ta ci gaba da kasancewa wani ɓangare na Sudan ta Anglo-Masar da Jamhuriyar Sudan mai 'yancin kai. Akwai bayanai daban-daban game da asalin rikicin da ya fara a shekarar 2003. Ɗaya daga cikin dalilan ya shafi takaddamar filaye tsakanin makiyayan dabbobi masu [[Bararoji|zaman]] kansu da kuma waɗanda ke aikin noma a waje. <ref name="Genocide Debate 2005 pp. 123-133">{{Cite journal |last=Straus |first=Scott |date=January–February 2005 |title=Darfur and the Genocide Debate |url=http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/60434/scott-straus/darfur-and-the-genocide-debate |url-status=live |journal=Foreign Affairs |volume=84 |issue=1 |pages=123–133 |doi=10.2307/20034212 |issn=0015-7120 |jstor=20034212 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140324021040/http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/60434/scott-straus/darfur-and-the-genocide-debate |archive-date=24 March 2014 |access-date=23 March 2014}}</ref> An kuma gano cewa [[Takaddama kan ruwa|samun ruwa]] shi ne babban tushen rikicin. Rikicin Darfur yana da alaƙa da Yaƙin Basasa na Farko da na Biyu na Sudan, tsakanin gwamnatin da [[Larabawa]] ke mamaye da kuma baƙar fata 'yan kudu [[Kirista|Kiristoci]] da na dabbobi . Wani kuma tushensa shi ne rikici tsakanin gwamnatin ƙasa mai tsattsauran ra'ayi da ke Khartoum da ƙungiyoyin 'yan tawaye biyu da ke Darfur: Rundunar 'Yantar da Sudan (SLA) da [[Ƙungiyar Adalci da Daidaito]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Straus |first=Scott |date=January–February 2005 |title=Darfur and the Genocide Debate |journal=Foreign Affairs |volume=84 |issue=1 |pages=123–133 |doi=10.2307/20034212 |jstor=20034212}}</ref> === Zargin wariyar launin fata === A farkon shekarar 1991, waɗanda ba Larabawa ba na ƙabilar Zaghawa ta Sudan sun shaida cewa sun fuskanci wani mummunan yaƙin neman zaɓen wariyar launin fata na Larabawa, wanda ya raba Larabawa da waɗanda ba Larabawa ba. Larabawan Sudan, waɗanda ke iko da gwamnati, ana kiransu da nuna wariyar launin fata ga 'yan ƙasar Sudan waɗanda ba Larabawa ba. An zargi gwamnati da "yin amfani da dabara wajen haɗa kan Larabawa" don aiwatar da manufofin wariyar launin fata da tsarkake ƙabila. Masanin tattalin arziki na Jami'ar Amurka [[George Ayittey]] ya zargi gwamnatin Larabawa ta Sudan da nuna [[wariyar launin fata]] ga 'yan ƙasa baƙar fata. A cewar Ayittey, "A Sudan... Larabawa sun mamaye iko kuma sun ware baƙar fata - wariyar launin fata ta Larabawa." Masu sharhi da yawa na Afirka sun bi Ayittey suna zargin Sudan da yin wariyar launin fata ta Larabawa. Alan Dershowitz ya yi ikirarin cewa Sudan misali ce ta wariyar launin fata . Tsohon Ministan Shari'a [[Kanada|na Kanada]] Irwin Cotler ya maimaita wannan zargi. ==Tarihi== Marubutan Julie Flint da Alex de Waal sun bayyana cewa farkon tawayen ya kasance a ranar 21 ga Yulin 2001, lokacin da gungun Zaghawa da Fur suka hadu a Abu Gamra suka yi rantsuwa da Alkur'ani (Kusan dukkan mazauna Darfur musulmi ne, ciki har da Janjaweed, da sauransu). a matsayin shugabannin gwamnati a Khartoum.)<ref>Alan Dershowitz (3 November 2008). ''The Case Against Israel's Enemies: Exposing Jimmy Carter and Others Who Stand in the Way of Peace''. John Wiley & Sons. p. 24. ISBN <bdi>978-0-470-44745-1</bdi>. Retrieved 19 March 2016.</ref>don yin aiki tare don kare kai hare-haren da gwamnati ke kaiwa kauyukansu.Matakin soja na farko da 'yan tawayen suka yi shi ne nasarar kai hari a wani barikin sojoji a ranar 25 ga Fabrairun 2002. Gwamnati ta san da hadaddiyar kungiyar 'yan tawaye tun bayan harin da aka kai ofishin 'yan sanda na Golo a watan Yuni, 2002. Flint da de Waal ne suka fara kaddamar da harin. Kisan kare dangi na Darfur a ranar 26 ga Fabrairun 2003, lokacin da wata kungiya da ke kiran kanta da kungiyar 'yan tawayen Darfur (DFF) ta fito fili ta dauki alhakin harin da aka kai Golo, hedkwatar Jebel. Gundumar Marra. Ya zuwa wannan lokaci an kai hare-haren 'yan tawaye da dama a kan ofisoshin 'yan sanda, sansanonin sojoji da ayarin motocin sojoji sannan kuma gwamnati ta kai wani gagarumin farmaki ta sama da ta kasa kan tungar 'yan tawayen a tsaunin Marrah. A ranar 25 ga watan Maris din shekarar 2003 ne 'yan tawayen suka kwace garin Tine da ke kan iyaka da kasar Chadi, inda suka kwace kayayyaki da makamai masu yawa. Duk da barazanar da shugaba Omar al-Bashir ya yi na cewa za a saki sojojin, amma sojojin ba su da wani tanadi. Tuni dai aka jibge sojojin a duka kudanci, inda yakin basasar Sudan na biyu ke shirin kawo karshe, da kuma gabashin kasar, inda 'yan tawayen da [[Eritrea]] ke daukar nauyi ke barazanar sake gina wani bututun mai daga tsakiyar tsakiyar kasar zuwa Port Sudan. Dabarar ‘yan tawayen na farmakin kai farmaki ta kai ga gagara ga sojojin – wadanda ba su da horo a ayyukan hamada – su iya tinkarar su. Duk da haka, tashin bama-baman da ta yi ta sama kan wuraren da 'yan tawaye suka yi a kan dutsen ya yi muni matuka. Da misalin karfe 5:30 na safiyar ranar 25 ga watan Afrilun 2003 ne aka yi kisan kare dangi a yankin Darfur a lokacin da kungiyar 'yan tawayen Sudan da JEM, wadda ita ce babbar kungiyar 'yan tawaye a yankin Darfur, suka shiga Al-Fashir, babban birnin lardin Darfur ta Arewa inda suka kai hari kan sansanin barci. A cikin sa'o'i hudu masu zuwa, an lalata wasu bama-bamai guda hudu na Antonov da jirage masu saukar ungulu (a cewar gwamnati; bakwai a cewar 'yan tawayen) a kasa, an kashe sojoji 75, matukan jirgi da masu fasaha, sannan an kama 32, ciki har da kwamandan sansanin sojin sama. , Manjo Janar. Nasarar farmakin dai ba a taba yin irinsa ba a Sudan; A cikin shekaru ashirin da aka shafe ana yakin kudancin kasar, kungiyar 'yan tawayen Sudan ta SPLA ba ta taba kai irin wannan farmakin ba. Harin Al-Fashir ya kasance wani sauyi, a fagen soji da na tunani. Hare-haren sun sha wulakanta sojojin da ke dauke da makamai, lamarin da ya jefa gwamnati cikin mawuyacin hali. Dole ne a sake horar da sojojin da ba su da kwarewa da kuma sake tura su aiki a cikin damuwa game da amincin da yawa daga cikin hafsoshi da sojoji na Darfur. An bai wa leken asirin sojan Sudan alhakin hukunta yakin. Duk da haka, a tsakiyar watanni na 2003, 'yan tawaye sun ci nasara 34 daga cikin 38. A watan Mayu, SLA ta lalata wata bataliyar a Kutum, inda ta kashe 500 tare da kama fursunoni 300; a tsakiyar watan Yuli, an kashe mutane 250 a wani hari na biyu da aka kai a Tine. Kungiyar SLA ta fara kutsawa zuwa gabas mai nisa, inda ta yi barazanar tsawaita yakin zuwa Kordofan. Ganin cewa sojojin suna shan kashi akai-akai, yakin ya canza zuwa jaddada abubuwa uku: leken asirin soja, sojojin sama da Janjaweed. Na baya-bayan nan makiyayan Baggara ne dauke da makamai wadanda gwamnati ta yi amfani da su wajen murkushe yunkurin Masalit daga 1986 zuwa 1999. Janjaweed ya zama cibiyar sabbin dabarun yaki da ta'addanci. Ko da yake gwamnati ta musanta goyon bayansu, amma an zuba kayan soji a cikin Darfur kuma an sanya Janjaweed a matsayin rundunar soji, cike da kayan sadarwa da wasu manyan bindigogi. Masu tsara shirye-shiryen soja suna sane da sakamako mai yiwuwa na irin wannan dabara: irin wannan hanyoyin da aka yi a tsaunukan Nuba da kewayen wuraren mai na kudanci a cikin shekarun 1990 sun haifar da cin zarafi mai yawa na take haƙƙin ɗan adam da ƙaura. ===Fyade=== Nan da nan bayan da Janjaweed ya shiga cikin rikicin, an fara ba da labarin fyaden da ake yi wa mata da ‘yan mata, wanda galibi daga ‘yan bindiga da dama, kuma a tsawon tsawon dare, an fara ba da rahoto mai ban mamaki.Yara ‘yan kasa da shekara 2 ne aka ruwaito an kashe su, yayin da aka ci zarafin iyaye mata a gaban ‘ya’yansu. An kai wa ‘yan mata hari da karfi ta yadda ba za su iya tafiya ba bayan harin.[237] An ba da rahoton cewa ‘yan tawayen Janjaweed sun yi wa mutanen da ba Larabawa ba ne fyade, sakamakon manufar gwamnatin Sudan na kawar da baki ‘yan Afirka baki daya da kuma wadanda ba larabawa daga yankin Darfur baki daya. Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje ta Washington Post ta yi hira da wasu da aka tabbatar da wadanda aka yi wa fyaden kuma ta rubuta cewa ana amfani da kalmomin Larabci kamar "abid" da "zurga", wanda ke nufin bawa da baƙar fata. Wani da aka kashe mai suna Sawelah Suliman, wanda ya kai harin ya ce mata: “Bakar yarinya kin yi duhu sosai, kin zama kamar kare, muna so mu yi jariri mai haske.”Har ila yau, ya zargi Rundunar Ba da Agajin Gaggawa da yin fyade da kai hari tun a shekarar 2015. ===Kiyasin mace mace=== An buga kididdigar asarar rayuka da yawa tun lokacin da aka fara yaƙin, daga kusan fararen hula 10,000 (ƙimar gwamnatin Sudan) zuwa ɗaruruwan dubbai.[241] A watan Satumban 2004, watanni 18 bayan barkewar rikici, Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya ta kiyasta cewa an kashe mutane 50,000 a Darfur, galibi saboda yunwa. Wani kiyasi da aka sabunta da aka buga a wata mai zuwa ya nuna adadin wadanda suka mutu na tsawon watanni 6 daga Maris zuwa Oktoba 2004 saboda yunwa da cututtuka a 70,000; An soki waɗannan alkaluma saboda kawai sun ɗauki ɗan gajeren lokaci kuma ba su haɗa da mace-mace daga tashin hankali ba. Wani rahoton Majalisar Dokokin Burtaniya na baya-bayan nan ya kiyasta cewa sama da mutane 300,000 ne suka mutu kuma wasu sun buga kiyasin adadin wadanda suka fi yawa.[wane?] A watan Maris na shekara ta 2005, jami’in bayar da agajin gaggawa na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Jan Egeland ya yi kiyasin cewa mutane 10,000 ne ke mutuwa a kowane wata, ban da mace-mace saboda rikicin kabilanci.Kimanin mutane miliyan 2.7 ne a wancan lokacin suka rasa matsugunansu, akasarinsu suna neman mafaka a sansanoni a manyan garuruwan Darfur. Dubu dari biyu ne suka tsere zuwa makwabciyar kasar Chadi. Rahotannin da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta yi na mace-mace na tashin hankali sun nuna a tsakanin 6,000 zuwa 7,000 daga 2004 zuwa 2007.[246]. A watan Mayun 2005, Cibiyar Bincike kan Cututtuka na Bala'i (CRED) na Makarantar Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a na Jami'ar catholique de Louvain a Brussels, Belgium ta buga wani bincike game da mace-mace a Darfur. Kiyasin da suka yi ya ce daga watan Satumba na 2003 zuwa Janairu 2005, tsakanin mutane 98,000 zuwa 181,000 sun mutu a Darfur, ciki har da mutuwar mutane 63,000 zuwa 146,000. A cikin watan Agustan 2010, Eric Reeves ya bayar da hujjar cewa jimillar mace-mace daga dukkan musabbabin tashin hankali, kai tsaye da kuma kaikaice, a wancan lokacin cikin rikicin, ya zarce 500,000. Bincikensa ya yi la'akari da duk bayanan mace-mace da aka yi a baya da kuma nazarin, ciki har da wanda Cibiyar Bincike kan Cutar Kwayoyin cuta ta Bala'i. Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta bayyana a ranar 22 ga Afrilun 2008 cewa mai yiwuwa ta raina adadin wadanda suka mutu a yankin Darfur da kusan kashi 50%. A watan Yulin 2009, The Christian Science Monitor ya buga wani op-ed yana mai cewa yawancin adadin mace-macen da aka buga na yaudara ne domin sun haɗa da adadin mutanen da suka mutu sakamakon cututtuka da [[rashin abinci mai gina jiki]], da kuma waɗanda suka mutu sakamakon tashin hankali kai tsaye. A cikin Janairu 2010, Cibiyar Bincike kan Cututtuka na Bala'i ta buga wata kasida a cikin fitowa ta musamman ta Lancet. Labarin mai taken "Tsarin yawan mace-mace a rikicin na Darfur", an kiyasta da kashi 95% na yakinin cewa adadin wadanda suka mutu ya wuce 178,258 da 461,520 (tare da kusan 298,271), tare da kashi 80% na wadannan sakamakon cututtuka. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category: Yaƙi]] fqqq9h9z6wenpuzsrf85ru4xiddkwkp 0 94131 878737 717848 2026-07-07T23:10:18Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878737 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Lucille Belle Robedeaux''' (née Matin, Yuni 10, 1915 - Nuwamba 3, 2005), wani lokacin ana rubuta Roubedeaux, ta kasance shugabar ƙabilar Osage na [[Oklahoma]] kuma mai magana da Yaren Osage ta ƙarshe.<ref name="endangeredlanguages">{{Cite web |title=Endangered Languages Project - Osage |url=http://www.endangeredlanguages.com/lang/osa |access-date=2015-08-16 |publisher=endangeredlanguages.com |archive-date=2015-09-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924011803/http://www.endangeredlanguages.com/lang/osa |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="typepad">{{Cite web |title=Words of the Tribe - Age of the Osage |url=http://ageoftheosage.typepad.com/blog/2011/09/words-of-the-tribe.html |access-date=2015-08-16 |publisher=ageoftheosage.typepad.com |archive-date=2016-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304135903/http://ageoftheosage.typepad.com/blog/2011/09/words-of-the-tribe.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Rayuwa == An haifi Lucille Belle Matin a Wynona, Oklahoma, 'yar Walter Jones da Maggy Helen Matin na Eagle Clan. Ba da daɗewa ba iyayenta suka ƙaura zuwa Hominy, inda ta halarci makaranta. Ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin Osage na ƙarshe da suka yi auren gargajiya, tare da musayar dawakai da yawa. Ranar 4 ga watan Nuwamba, 1946, ta auri Lee Robedeaux, kuma sun haifi 'ya'ya. <ref name="TA" /> Robedeaux ta yi aiki a Asibitin St. John, [[Tulsa]], a matsayin ma'aikaciyar jinya daga shekarun 1950 har sai da ta yi ritaya a ƙarshen shekarar 1970s. Ita memba ce mai aiki na Altar Society of St. Joseph's Catholic Church da kuma na Mound Valley Homemakers, ta zama shugabar al'umma, a matsayin Dattijuwa na Osage Nation kuma a matsayin mai ba da shawara na Kwamitin Rawa na Ƙabilar, tana inganta ci gaba da al'adun Osage. Ta kasance mai sha'awar gwagwarmayar bijimi da tseren dawakai a Hot Springs, Arkansas, kuma ta zagaya Amurka har zuwa Hawaii, Mexico, da Turai. A lokacin mutuwar Robedeaux a shekara ta 2005, tana da shekaru casa'in, ita ce 'yar ƙasa ta ƙarshe mai magana da harshen Osage. An ƙaddamar da wani shirin don farfaɗo da harshen, amma tare da ƙananan nasara: "Wannan shi ne jirgin ƙasa na ƙarshe. Idan ba za mu iya yin shi a wannan lokaci ba, to, shi ke nan. Babu wani bayan wannan, "in ji "Uncle Mogre" na Osage, wanda ke aiki don adana harshen. <ref name="upenn">{{Cite web |title=Language Log » Endangered languages |url=http://languagelog.ldc.upenn.edu/nll/?cat=83&paged=2 |access-date=2015-08-16 |publisher=languagelog.ldc.upenn.edu}}</ref> Harshen Osage ya kasance yana raguwa kusan shekaru 200. <ref name="upenn2">{{Cite web |title=Language Log » Talking Osage |url=http://languagelog.ldc.upenn.edu/nll/?p=2203 |access-date=2015-08-16 |publisher=languagelog.ldc.upenn.edu}}</ref> An binne Robedeaux a cikin makabartar tunawa ta AJ Powell, Hominy, Osage County, Oklahoma. A kabarinta an rubuta tarihin haihuwarta da mutuwarta. Ta bar zuriya masu yawa, har da jikoki huɗu. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2005]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1915]] kdo3x78dzzh4ypvbgw3pddeele9vtte 0 95109 878738 607538 2026-07-07T23:28:26Z Abdulsalam Musa Soba 46747 /* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:3|0|0 */ 878738 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Julie Ancis''' a halin yanzu fitacciyar Farfesa ce a fannin ilimin lissafi a Cibiyar Fasaha ta [[New Jersey]] . Ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabar wucin gadi na Sashen Bayanai kuma ta kasance Farfesa ce a fannin ilimin halayyar dan adam da kuma Darakta na farko na Cyberpsychology a Cibiyar Fasaha ta New Jersey . <ref> name=":0">{{Cite web |title=NJIT Announces Appointment of Inaugural Director of Cyberpsychology {{!}} NJIT News |url=https://news.njit.edu/njit-announces-appointment-of-inaugural-director-of-cyberpsychology |access-date=2019-11-19 |website=news.njit.edu}}</ref><ref name="interim">{{Cite web |last=Giorgio |first=Michael |date=December 3, 2021 |title=Julie Ancis Appointed Interim Chair of Dept. of Informatics in Ying Wu College of Computing |url=https://news.njit.edu/julie-ancis-appointed-interim-chair-dept-informatics-ying-wu-college-computing |access-date=2023-03-07 |publisher=[[New Jersey Institute of Technology]]}}</ref> Ta kasance farfesa a Jami'ar Jihar [[Georgia]] na tsawon shekaru 15 kuma Mataimakin Mataimakin Shugaban Bambancin a Cibiyar Fasaha ta Georgia . <ref name="gatech">{{Cite web |title=Julie R. Ancis, Ph.D. {{!}} GT {{!}} Georgia Institute of Technology - Office of Institute Diversity |url=http://diversity.gatech.edu/support-staff/julie-r-ancis-phd |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190826192337/https://diversity.gatech.edu/support-staff/julie-r-ancis-phd |archive-date=2019-08-26 |access-date=2017-11-08 |website=diversity.gatech.edu |language=en}}</ref> Ancis ƙwararre ne a fannonin ilimin halayyar mutum, ƙwarewar al'adu da bambancin. Ta wallafa littattafai 4 da kuma littattafai sama da 80.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Julie Ancis - Google Scholar Citations |url=https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=SRsUCjgAAAAJ&hl=en |access-date=2017-11-08 |website=scholar.google.com}}</ref> Ancis tana da matsayi na Fellow a cikin American Psychological Association (APA) a cikin Division 17, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Fellowship |url=http://www.div17.org/about-scp/fellowship/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171105184718/http://www.div17.org/about-scp/fellowship/ |archive-date=2017-11-05 |access-date=2017-11-09 |website=Society of Counseling Psychology |language=en}}</ref> Division 35, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Institute Diversity's Julie Ancis Elected to Fellow Status of APA Division |url=http://www.diversity.gatech.edu/news/institute-diversitys-julie-ancis-elected-fellow-status-apa-division |access-date=2017-11-09 |website=Georgia Institute of Technology |language=en}}</ref> da Division 46.<ref> name="njit">{{Cite web |title=Julie Ancis |url=https://people.njit.edu/faculty/jra49#about |access-date=2023-03-07 |publisher=[[New Jersey Institute of Technology]]}}</ref><ref> name="div46">{{Cite web |title=2022 APA initial and current fellows, approved August 2022 |url=https://www.apa.org/about/division/digest/share-members/initial-current-fellows |access-date=2023-03-07 |website=American Psychological Association}}</ref> Ta gabatar da duka a cikin ƙasa da na duniya a manyan tarurruka kamar Taron Ƙungiyar Psychological ta Amirka, Taron Ƙasashen Duniya na Ilimin Halitta, Taron Duniya na Psychology, Ƙungiyar Psychology ta Amirka, da TTI / Vanguard. Ancis ya yi aiki a kwamitocin kwararru kuma ya rike mukamai na jagoranci a cikin Ƙungiyar Psychological ta Amurka, Ƙungiyar Psychology ta Georgia, da Ƙungiyar Ba da Shawara ta Amurka. == Ilimi == Ancis ta kammala B.A. a cikin ilimin halayyar dan adam, MS a cikin Shawarwari, da Ph.D. a cikin Shawarar Psychology daga Jami'ar Albany, Jami'ar Jihar New York. Ta kammala karatun digirin digirin ta a Jami'ar [[Maryland]] a shekarar 1994. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Doctoral Internship in Health Service Psychology |url=https://counseling.umd.edu/cs/doctoralinternship |access-date=2023-03-07 |website=University of Maryland Counseling Center |publisher=University of Maryland}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Ancis ta fara aikinta na ilimi a Jami'ar Old Dominion inda ta yi aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar farfesa daga 1994 zuwa 1997. Daga nan sai ta koma Jami'ar Jihar Georgia inda ta kasance memba na ma'aikata daga 1994 zuwa 2012 kuma ta sami cikakken Farfesa a 2008. A shekara ta 2012, ta shiga Cibiyar Fasaha ta Georgia a matsayin mataimakin shugaban Cibiyar Bambancin Cibiyar, Daidaitawa, da Haɗuwa inda ta fara shirye-shirye da yawa waɗanda suka haɓaka ma'aikata, baiwa, da jagorancin harabar kan batutuwan daidaito da hadawa, kamar su bitar nuna bambanci.<ref>{{Cite web |title=GT {{!}} Georgia Institute of Technology - Office of Institute Diversity |url=https://diversity.gatech.edu/news/dr-julie-ancis-leave-georgia-tech |access-date=2019-11-19 |website=diversity.gatech.edu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Additional Implicit Bias Workshops Offered for Tenured and Tenure-Track Faculty This Semester |url=https://www.news.gatech.edu/2018/02/19/additional-implicit-bias-workshops-offered-tenured-and-tenure-track-faculty-semester |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180220031920/http://www.news.gatech.edu/2018/02/19/additional-implicit-bias-workshops-offered-tenured-and-tenure-track-faculty-semester |archive-date=February 20, 2018 |access-date=2019-11-19 |website=www.news.gatech.edu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=GT {{!}} Georgia Institute of Technology - Office of Institute Diversity |url=https://diversity.gatech.edu/news/nearly-three-hundred-faculty-participate-implicit-bias-workshops-date |access-date=2019-11-19 |website=diversity.gatech.edu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Workshops Explore Issues of Innate Bias |url=https://www.news.gatech.edu/2016/08/29/workshops-explore-issues-innate-bias |access-date=2019-11-19 |website=www.news.gatech.edu |archive-date=2018-01-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180112084247/http://www.news.gatech.edu/2016/08/29/workshops-explore-issues-innate-bias |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ta kuma haɓaka kuma ta ba da gudummawa ga shirin jagorancin mata a Cibiyar Fasaha ta Georgia.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Institute Diversity Launches Leading Women @ Tech Program |url=https://www.news.gatech.edu/2016/03/14/institute-diversity-launches-leading-women-tech-program |access-date=2019-11-19 |website=www.news.gatech.edu |archive-date=2018-01-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180112122007/http://www.news.gatech.edu/2016/03/14/institute-diversity-launches-leading-women-tech-program |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Second Cohort Starts Leading Women@Tech Program |url=https://www.news.gatech.edu/2017/05/04/second-cohort-starts-leading-womentech-program |access-date=2019-11-19 |website=www.news.gatech.edu }}{{Dead link|date=March 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=GT {{!}} Georgia Institute of Technology - Office of Institute Diversity |url=https://diversity.gatech.edu/news/fourth-cohort-begin-leading-womentech-program |access-date=2019-11-19 |website=diversity.gatech.edu}}</ref> A watan Oktoba na 2019, Ancis ya shiga Cibiyar Fasaha ta New Jersey a matsayin farfesa a fannin ilimin halayyar dan adam da kuma Darakta na farko na Cyberpsychology. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=NJIT Announces Appointment of Inaugural Director of Cyberpsychology {{!}} NJIT News |url=https://news.njit.edu/njit-announces-appointment-of-inaugural-director-of-cyberpsychology |access-date=2019-11-19 |website=news.njit.edu}}</ref> An ɗaukaka ta zuwa matsayin Farfesa mai daraja a shekarar 2022. Ancis ta wallafa littattafai huɗu. An san ta da aikinta na musamman a cikin ilimin halayyar mutum, farin dama, bambancin, da kuma ilimin ilimi da shari'a na mata da 'yan mata.<ref name=":0"/> Ta kuma rubuta wallafe-wallafe da yawa da ke nazarin haɗuwa da bambancin da fasaha, gami da shafin yanar gizo na cyberpsychology don Psychology Today . <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Cyberpsychology Page |url=https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/the-cyberpsychology-page |access-date=2023-03-07 |publisher=Psychology Today}}</ref> Ancis" labarin "The age of cyberpsychology: An overview" an buga shi a cikin fitowar farko ta mujallar American Psychological Association, Technology, Mind and Behavior . <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ancis |first=Julie R. |date=September 2020 |title=The age of cyberpsychology: An overview. Technology, Mind, and Behavior |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/345451549 |journal=American Psychological Association |doi=10.1037/tmb0000009 |s2cid=225028600 |access-date=2023-03-07 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Ancis memba ne na Ƙungiyar Psychological ta Amirka (Divisions 17, 35, da 46) kuma Tsohon Shugaban Sashen Society of Counseling Psychology don Ci gaban Mata . <ref name="njit">{{Cite web |title=Julie Ancis |url=https://people.njit.edu/faculty/jra49#about |access-date=2023-03-07 |publisher=[[New Jersey Institute of Technology]]}}</ref> Ita ce Shugabar ko Co-Principal Investigator na sama da dala miliyan 6 a cikin tallafin tallafi daga Ma'aikatar Ilimi da Gidauniyar Kimiyya ta Kasa. == Yunkurin fafutuka == A cikin 2021, Ancis ta kafa Psychologists Against Antisemitism, ƙungiyar mambobi 800 na likitoci, malamai, da ɗaliban ilimin halayyar dan adam. Ancis ta ce ta kafa kungiyar don magance adawa da Yahudawa da ita da abokan aikinta na Yahudawa suka samu a wasu bangarori na American Psychological Association . == Kyaututtuka da girmamawa == * 2021 Fellow, Society for Media Psychology and Technology, Division 46, American Psychological Association . <ref name="njit"/><ref name="div46">{{Cite web |title=2022 APA initial and current fellows, approved August 2022 |url=https://www.apa.org/about/division/digest/share-members/initial-current-fellows |access-date=2023-03-07 |website=American Psychological Association}}</ref> * 2015 Fellow, Psychology of Women, Division 35, American Psychological Association . <ref>{{Cite web |title=GT {{!}} Georgia Institute of Technology - Office of Institute Diversity |url=http://www.diversity.gatech.edu/news/institute-diversitys-julie-ancis-elected-fellow-status-apa-division |access-date=2017-11-08 |website=www.diversity.gatech.edu |language=en}}</ref> * 2011 Fellow, Society of Counseling Psychology, Division 17, American Psychological Association . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Julie Ancis Awarded $3.8 DoE Grant - Society of Counseling Psychology, Division 17 |url=http://www.div17.org/scp-connect/counseling-psychologists-accomplishments/dr-julie-ancis-awarded-3-8-doe-grant/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171108205033/http://www.div17.org/scp-connect/counseling-psychologists-accomplishments/dr-julie-ancis-awarded-3-8-doe-grant/ |archive-date=2017-11-08 |access-date=2017-11-08 |website=www.div17.org |language=en-US}}</ref> * 2010 Mata na Shekara Award, American Psychological Association, Society of Counseling Psychology, Division 17, Sashe na Ci gaban Mata. * 2009-2009 Cambridge Wanene Wanene, Jerin. * 2005 Kyautar Binciken Ma'aikata ta Musamman, Kwalejin Ilimi, Jami'ar Jihar Georgia. == Littattafai == * {{Cite web |title=Gender, Psychology, and Justice {{!}} The Mental Health of Women and Girls in the Legal System {{!}} Books - NYU Press {{!}} NYU Press |url=https://nyupress.org/books/9781479885848/ |access-date=2017-11-08 |website=nyupress.org |language=en}} *   *   *   == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1966]] n2h4cqpgk4tvuiqjd6wubq57fz69eon 0 96506 878514 599643 2026-07-07T13:31:54Z Abdulrahman tahir shika 24962 Nayi gyara 878514 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{databox}} '''Eulalie Jensen''' ( an haife ta 24 ga watan Disamba, 1884 - 7 ga Oktoba, 1952) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Amurka a kan mataki na New York kuma a cikin fina-finai marasa sauti. == Tarihin rayuwa == An haife ta a [[St. Louis]], [[Missouri (jiha)|Missouri]], an zaba ta a matsayin daya daga cikin karin 'yan mata shida daga cikin masu neman 200 da suka amsa tallan jaridar New York da Sarah Bernhardt ta saka. Shahararren 'yar wasan kwaikwayo tana ziyartar Birnin New York. A wannan lokacin, Miss Jensen ba a san ta ba, amma wannan shine farkon aikin fim dinta. Shekaru da yawa na kwarewar mataki sun ba Jensen damar zama 'yar wasan kwaikwayo mai kyau. {{Ana bukatan hujja|date=September 2013}}Ayyukanta na mataki sun haɗa da rawar da ta taka a cikin ''Miliyan'' a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na 39 na St. Wannan wani abu ne mai ban dariya guda hudu da M. M. Ber da Guille Ward suka yi. An kuma nuna wasan kwaikwayon a New Haven, Connecticut a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Hyperion. Dukkanin shirye-shiryen sun kasance a cikin 1911. A cikin 1912, Jensen ta ba da waya ga manajojin Panama-Pacific Exposition game da takarar ta don samfurin Ruhun Golden Gate. Wannan taron ya kasance a [[San Francisco|San Francisco, California]] a cikin 1915. An zaba ta a matsayin abin koyi don zane-zane na Louisiana Purchase Exposition a cikin 1904. Jensen ta musanta cewa ita ce mace mafi kyau a Amurka. Ta yi imanin cewa siffofinta "sun dace da zane-zane". Ta fara aikin fim ne a shekara ta 1914 tare da fina-finai takwas. Daga cikin wadannan akwai 'yar Hauwa'u, hadayar Maria, ''Dutsen wata na Fez'', Matata ta Ofishin, da Romantic Josie . Jensen ya yi The Goddess (1915) a tsohuwar ɗakin Vitagraph a New York, ya bayyana a cikin The Spark Divine (1919) kuma ya yi aiki tare da Norma Talmadge a cikin The Passion Flower (1921). Ta zama sananne ne saboda halayenta masu haske. Ta taka rawar ma'aikacin Sojojin Ceto da mace tsuntsu da sauransu da yawa. Halin na ƙarshe ya kasance fitaccen memba na simintin ''Freckles'' (1928). An daidaita fim din daga littafin Gene Stratton-Porter. Ayyukan fim na Eulalie sun ci gaba a cikin matsakaiciyar sauti tare da fina-finai na karshe, A Lost Lady (1934) da Society Doctor (1935). == Mutuwa == Eulalie Jensen ta mutu a 1952 a [[Los Angeles]], [[California]], tana da shekaru 67. == Fim ɗin ɓangare ==   == manazarta == * Middletown, New York Daily Times Press, Freckles To Be Virginian Picture, Disamba 30, 1912, shafi na 8. * The New York Times, Henry W. Savage ya nuna ''Miliyan'', Oktoba 21, 1911, shafi na 13. * Za a iya samun ƙarin bayani a wannan talifin a dandalin www.jw.org/ha. [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1884]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] lz46cvpztbmqw39cq8ssbkgdn4aphlw 0 96804 878757 687194 2026-07-08T02:33:07Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878757 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Madeleine Sylvain-Bouchereau (Yuli 5, shekara ta 1905 – 1970) [1] [2] majagaba ce masanin zamantakewar Haiti kuma malami. A cikin shekara ta 1934, ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan waɗanda suka kafa Ligue Féminine d'Action Sociale (Women's Social Action League), ƙungiyar mata ta farko da ta yi rajista a Haiti. [3] [4] == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haife ta a ranar 5 ga Yuli shekara ta 1905 a [[Port-au-Prince]], ita 'yar mawaƙi ce kuma jami'in diflomasiyya Georges Sylvain da matarsa Eugénie Mallebranche. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Madeleine Sylvain-Bouchereau |url=http://www.haiti-reference.com/notables/getperson.php?personID=I105&tree=Chercheurs |access-date=14 February 2016 |publisher=Haiti-Référence |language=French |archive-date=30 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190330200218/https://www.haiti-reference.com/notables/getperson.php?personID=I105&tree=Chercheurs |url-status=dead }}</ref> Dalibai haziki, ta yi karatu a Haiti, [[Puerto Rico]] da [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]], ta kammala karatun lauya a Jami'ar Haiti a cikin shekara ta 1933, tana karatun ilimi da ilimin zamantakewa a Jami'ar Puerto-Rico (1936-38) da kuma Kwalejin Bryn Mawr, [[Pennsylvania]], inda ta sami digiri na uku a fannin zamantakewa a shekara ta 1941. Rubutun ta ''Haïti et ses femmes.'' An buga ''Une étude d'évolution culturelle'' (Haiti da Matansa. Nazarin Juyin Juyin Halitta) a cikin shekara ta 1957. Aikinta na ilimi ya fara ne a cikin shekara ta 1941 lokacin da ta koyar a Cibiyar Haiti ta Haiti, ta ci gaba a shekara ta 1945 a Makarantar Aikin Noma ta Kasa da Jami'ar Fisk. Ta kasance memba mai girma na Delta Sigma Theta sorority. Ta sami lambar yabo ta Susan B. Anthony don aikinta ''L'Éducation des Femmes en Haïti'' (The Education of Women in Haiti). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2005 |title=Madeleine Sylvain-Bouchereau |url=https://www.haiticulture.ch/Madeleine_Sylvain-Bouchereau.html |access-date=3 December 2021 |website=Haiti Culture |language=French}}</ref> Tare da ra'ayi don inganta yanayin zamantakewa da tattalin arziki ga mata, tare da wasu mata da yawa daga babba da na tsakiya, ta kafa ''Ligue Féminine d'Action Sociale'' ( [[Kungiyar Mata ta Ayyukan Jama'a|League League for Social Action]] ). Sylvain-Bouchereau ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen ba da gudummawa ga ''La Voix des Femmes'', mujallar kungiyar. <ref name="dr">{{Cite web |last=Dorce, Ricarson |title=Madeleine Sylvain-Bouchereau, Haïti (1903-1970) |url=http://citoyennes.pressbooks.com/chapter/madeleine-sylvain-haiti/ |access-date=14 February 2016 |publisher=Citoyennes |language=French |archive-date=22 February 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160222020233/http://citoyennes.pressbooks.com/chapter/madeleine-sylvain-haiti/ |url-status=dead }} [[Rukuni:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref> == Haɗin kai na duniya == Aikin Sylvain-Bouchereau na kasa da kasa ya fara ne a cikin shekara ta 1937 lokacin da ta kasance wakiliyar Haiti a taron Inter-American na Uku kan Ilimi. Ta kasance farkon mai shiga cikin aikin [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]], tana shirya ayyukan zamantakewa ga fursunonin siyasa na Poland a shekara ta 1944. Ta zauna a kwamitin farko na 'yancin mata kuma, daga 1952 zuwa shekara ta 1956, ta taimaka wa Ƙungiyar Mata ta Duniya don Zaman Lafiya da 'Yanci wajen ba da darussan ilimi a [[Kwapanhagan|Copenhagen]] da [[Hamburg]]. Daga shekara ta 1966 zuwa shekara ta 1968, Sylvain-Bouchereau ya kasance mai ba gwamnatin Togo shawara kan ci gaban al'umma. <ref name="jcl">{{Cite web |last=Claude-Narcisse, Jasmine |year=1997 |title=Madeleine Sylvain-Bouchereau |url=http://www.haiticulture.ch/Madeleine_Sylvain-Bouchereau.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160217045933/http://www.haiticulture.ch/Madeleine_Sylvain-Bouchereau.html |archive-date=17 February 2016 |access-date=14 February 2016 |publisher=Haiticulture.ch |language=French}} [[Rukuni:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref> Sylvain-Bouchereau yana ɗaya daga cikin fitattun ’yan’uwa bakwai. Yayarta, Suzanne Comhaire-Sylvain (1898-1975), ita ce mace ta farko a Haiti ƙwararren ɗan adam, yayin da kanwarta, Yvonne Sylvain (1907-1989), ita ce likita ta farko a ƙasar. Ɗan'uwanta, Normil Sylvain (1900-1929), ya kafa ''La Revue indigène'' wanda ya buga waƙar Haiti na asali da [[Adabi|wallafe-wallafen Haiti]] . Ƙaninta, Pierre Sylvain (1910-1991), masanin ilmin halitta, ya ba da rahoto game da samar da kofi a Habasha. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Guide to the Suzanne Comhaire-Sylvan Papers M1835 |url=http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/c8k074wr/entire_text/ |access-date=14 February 2016 |publisher=Online Archive of California |language=}}</ref> Madeleine Sylvain-Bouchereau ya mutu a cikin 1970 a [[New York (birni)|Birnin New York]] . <ref name="jcl"/> == Ayyukan da aka zaɓa == * Sylvain-Bouchereau, Madeleine (1944), Education des femmes en Haïti, Port-au-Prince, Imp. da l'ta. * Sylvain-Bouchereau, Madeleine (1944), Lecture Haïtienne : La Famille Renaud, Port-au-Prince, Bugun Henri Deschamps. * Sylvain-Bouchereau, Madeleine (1946), "Les Droits des femmes et la nouvelle constitution", in La Femme haïtienne répond aux attaques formulées contre elle à l'Assemblée constituante, Port-au-Prince, Société d'Editions et de Librairie. * Sylvain-Bouchereau, Madeleine (1950), "La Classe moyenne en Haïti", in Matériaux pour l'étude de la classe moyenne en Amérique Latine, Washington, Département des Sciences sociales de l'union panaméricaine. * Sylvain-Bouchereau, Madeleine (1957), Haïti et ses femmes. Une étude d'évolution culturelle, Port-au-Prince, Les Presses Libres. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Kara karantawa == * [https://citoyennes.pressbooks.com/chapter/madeleine-sylvain-haiti/ Madeleine Sylvain-Bouchereau, Haite] ta Ricarson Dorce [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1970]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1905]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] nzjrnwaxesh4d06xno7va6xfxt8b2zv 0 97891 878621 791883 2026-07-07T17:19:48Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878621 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Laura Levine''' 'yar Amurka ce mai fasahar gani mai yawan horo. An fi saninta da hotunanta na masu fasaha daga punk, farkon hip-hop, New Wave, No Wave, da farkon wurin waƙar New York City. Ayyukan Levine sun haɗa da hotuna masu kyan gani na Björk, REM, Clash, Afrika Bambaataa, Ramones, Beastie Boys, Iggy Pop, da [[Madonna]], da sauransu. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Marino |first=Nick |date=October 7, 2009 |title=Ten Killer Rock 'n' Roll Photographs |url=http://www.pastemagazine.com/blogs/lists/2009/10/ten-killer-rock-n-roll-photographs.html?a=1 |access-date=6 January 2015 |website=pastemagazine.com |publisher=Paste |archive-date=27 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141227140737/http://www.pastemagazine.com/blogs/lists/2009/10/ten-killer-rock-n-roll-photographs.html?a=1 |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Laput |first=Chris |date=October 24, 2011 |title=Music Photography Exhibition Now |url=http://www.brooklynvegan.com/archives/2011/10/music_photograp.html |access-date=6 January 2015 |website=brooklynvegan.com |publisher=Brooklyn Vegan |quote="the iconic photographs of Laura Levine..." |archive-date=2 April 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402181801/http://www.brooklynvegan.com/archives/2011/10/music_photograp.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == Levine ta girma a Chinatown na Manhattan. <ref name="SKasher">{{Cite web |title=Laura Levine artist |url=http://www.stevenkasher.com/artists/laura-levine |access-date=28 February 2019 |website=Steven Kasher Gallery}}</ref> Lokacin da ta kai shekaru goma sha hudu, ta je wurin nunin Diane Arbus a gidan kayan tarihi na fasahar zamani kuma ta sami sha'awar ɗaukar hoto. Ta ari kyamarar mahaifinta kuma ta yi rajista don azuzuwan duhu na bayan makaranta a henry Street Settlement kuma da farko ta fara daukar hotunan titi na zamani a unguwarta. Wata mai son kiɗa, Levine ta fara harbin wasan kide-kide tun tana matashiya, tana zazzage kyamararta zuwa wuraren da ake boyewa ta hanyar boyewa a cikin wando. A 16, ta buga takardar shaidar karya ta karya domin ta harba Paul Simon da [[Patti Smith]] a Central Park, kuma bayan "magana da kanta," an amince da ita a matsayin mai daukar hoto a karon farko. <ref name="rock critic 1">{{Cite web |last=Rhodes |first=Anthe |date=21 January 2009 |title=Postpunk's Visual Chronicler |url=http://rockcritics.com/2009/01/21/post-punks-visual-chronicler-interview-with-laura-levine-part-1/ |access-date=21 December 2014 |website=rockcritics.org |publisher=Rock Critics |archive-date=29 January 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150129065550/http://rockcritics.com/2009/01/21/post-punks-visual-chronicler-interview-with-laura-levine-part-1/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Levine ta halarci Jami'ar Harvard; duk da cewa ta yi karatun anthropology, amma ta fi mayar da hankali a jami'a kan ɗaukar hoto. Ta harba sabbin labarai na yau da kullun a matsayin shugabar hoto a Harvard Crimson, kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin babban ɗakin karatu na UPI da ''Newsweek .'' A lokacin rani na ƙaramar shekararta, ta shiga cikin jaridar ''Washington Post'', wanda ya buga hotuna sama da 70 akan batutuwan da suka haɗa da taron manema labarai na Fadar White House, rayuwar kurkuku, da kuma Goodyear Blimp. <ref name="rock critic 1"/> == Sana'a == === Hotuna === Bayan ta koma New York, an hayar Levine a matsayin mai binciken hoto a ''Mujallar New York'' kuma ta shiga cikin ''Muryar Village'', inda aka sanya ta akai-akai don harba makada. A matsayinta na mai daukar hoto ga mujallun kiɗa na Burtaniya ''NME'' da ''Sauti,'' wani lokaci ana sanya ta don harba makada na Burtaniya yayin da suka zo Amurka a karon farko, kuma musamman ta ɗauki hoton Clash a Bond's Casino na tsawon kwanaki biyar a shekarar 1981. Levine freelanced for ''Interview'', da ''[[New York Times]]'', ''Trouser Press'', ''Creem'', da ''Musician'' kuma an dauke shi a matsayin editan hoto da kuma babban mai ɗaukar hoto na ''New York Rocker'' a shekarar 1980. Bugu da kari, Levine da kansa ya kafa harbe-harbe tare da makaɗa da take sha'awar kuma ta yi zaman farko tare da masu fasaha irin su REM ., B-52s, Bangles, da Dream Syndicate, kuma ta ba da hotuna don zane-zanen kundi don sakewa ta masu fasaha ciki har da X, Sauyawa, Robyn Hitchcock, da Joan Jett . <ref name="all music">{{Cite web |title=Laura Levine credits |url=http://www.allmusic.com/artist/laura-levine-mn0001211276/credits |access-date=6 January 2015 |website=allmusic.com |publisher=All Music}}</ref> Ana nuna hotunan Levine akai-akai a cikin gidajen tarihi na New York. A shekara ta 1994, ta daina harbi, tana mai cewa hakan ya faru ne saboda yadda yanayin ya canza. A cikin wata hira ta shekarar 2011, ta ce: "Zamanin hotuna sun zama harbe-harbe na zamani; sau da yawa salo da kayan shafa sun zama mafi mahimmanci fiye da mai zane-zane. Wani lokaci na sami kaina a kan manyan sauti na sauti, sau da yawa tare da mutane goma ko goma sha biyar a cikin dakin, kowannensu yana da ra'ayi game da abin da mai zane ko ya kamata in yi. Na rasa kusanci da amincin zaman taro na daya-on-daya. duba inda masana'antar ta dosa, marufi da masu sana'ar sayar da kayayyaki, kuma abin ya baci a gare ni." <ref>{{Cite web |last=Roalf |first=Peggy |title=Laura Levine: Musicians at Steven Kasher |url=http://www.ai-ap.com/publications/article/2400/laura-levine-musicians-at-steven-kasher.html |website=ai-ap.com |publisher=Design Arts Daily}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2010, an nuna hotunan Levine a cikin ''Wane Shot Rock & Roll: Tarihin Hoto, 1955 zuwa Present,'' wanda ya samo asali a Gidan Tarihi na Brooklyn. A cikin shekarar 2011, Steven Kasher Gallery ya rattaba hannu kan Levine zuwa jerin masu fasaha da suka gabatar da ''Mawaka'', nunin salon solo na farko na Levine. Nunin ya ƙunshi hotuna sama da 35 na inna da na zamani daga ma'ajiyar tarihin Levine, sun haɗa da kwafin azurfa na gelatin iri ɗaya. . === Zane, zane, da rayarwa === Kodayake babban fifikonta ya kasance kan daukar hoto, a duk tsawon aikinta Levine ta yi aiki a wasu hanyoyin sadarwa, gami da zane-zane, zane-zane, da rayarwa. Yayin da take harbi, ta mai da hankali kan fasahar gani, kuma ta kwatanta ''Shake, Rattle & Roll: The Founders of Rock & Roll: The Founders of Rock & Roll,'' littafin yara, tare da kalmomi na Holly George-Warren. Sai ta zana hotuna da yawa na majagaba na waƙar ƙasar, waɗanda ta tsara don littafin yara. ''Honky Tonk Heroes da Hillbilly Mala'iku: Majagaba na Ƙasa & Yamma Music.'' Littafin hoto na farko na Levine shine ''Wig!'' '','' haɗin gwiwa tare da B-52s . An kwatanta salon Levine a matsayin mai zane da mai zane a matsayin "naif" ta ''Kirkus Reviews'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Shake, Rattle and Roll |url=https://www.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/holly-george-warren/shake-rattle-roll/ |access-date=6 January 2015 |website=kirkusreviews.com |publisher=Kirkus Reviews}}</ref> Misalanta, waɗanda suka bayyana a cikin ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' da ''New York Magazine'', ban da sauran wallafe-wallafen, an yaba su daidai. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Goulet |first=Benjamin |date=January 12, 2012 |title=What Makes a Good Rock-and-Roll Book? |url=http://www.hbook.com/2012/01/choosing-books/horn-book-magazine/what-makes-a-good-rock-and-roll-book/#_ |access-date=6 January 2015 |website=hbook.com |publisher=The Horn Book}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=March 18, 1996 |title=Illustration by Laura Levine |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0-ICAAAAMBAJ&q=laura+levine+illustration+new+yorker&pg=PA30 |access-date=6 January 2015 |website=books.google.com |publisher=New York Magazine}}</ref> Misalai na Levine da aka ƙirƙira don ''Shake, Rattle & Roll'' an nuna su a cikin ƙasa a gidajen tarihi da gidajen tarihi ciki har da Rock &amp;amp; Roll Hall of Fame and Museum a Cleveland, EMP Museum a Seattle, Yard Dog Folk Art a Austin, da Buddy Holly Center a Lubbock, Texas. Hotunanta na majagaba na dutse da nadi suna cikin tarin dindindin na Dutsen da Roll Hall of Fame and Museum. === Fim da bidiyo === Levine ya jagoranci bidiyon kiɗa da yawa, <ref name="billboard video">{{Cite web |last=Russell |first=Deborah |date=February 6, 1993 |title=MVA Plans to Get Active |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jw8EAAAAMBAJ&q=music+video+laura+levine&pg=PA39 |access-date=6 January 2015 |website=books.google.com |publisher=Billboard}}</ref> kuma yayi aiki tare da REM da sauran mawakan Athens, Georgia akan fim ɗin ƙarƙashin ƙasa na Super-8, ''Kamar Fim.'' Ta ƙirƙira kuma ta ba da umarni guda biyu na shirye-shirye: ''Peekaboo Sunday,'' wanda aka nuna a gasar a bikin Fim na Sundance <ref>{{Cite web |title=Peekaboo Sunday |url=http://history.sundance.org/films/2237/peekaboo_sunday |access-date=6 January 2015 |website=history.sundance.org |publisher=Sundance Film Festival}}</ref> da ''Digging don Yaren mutanen Holland,'' wanda ya ci lambar yabo ta 2001 Torchlight Project na New York City don Mafi kyawun Feature-Length Film. == Na sirri == Levine yana zaune a Soho . Ta mallaki kuma tana gudanar da The Mystery Spot, kantin sayar da kayan girki a Phoenicia, New York . <ref name="clutter">{{Cite web |last=Anderson |first=Gail |date=May 30, 2012 |title=Clutter My World |url=http://www.printmag.com/design-inspiration/clutter-my-world/ |access-date=7 January 2015 |website=printmag.com |publisher=Print Magazine}}</ref> == Tari == * The Rock & Roll Hall of Fame da Museum * The National Hoto Gallery / Smithsonian Institute * Museum of Fine Arts, Houston * Gidan Buluu * The Experience Music Project, Seattle * Cibiyar Buddy Holly, Lubbock, Texas == Nunin da aka zaɓa == === Solo === * ''Mawaƙa'', Steven Kasher Gallery, Birnin New York (2011) * Duncan Miller Gallery, Los Angeles, California (2007) === Rukuni === * ''American Cool'', National Hoto Gallery / Cibiyar Smithsonian * ''Kallon Kiɗa 3.0'', Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Zamani, Birnin New York (2012) * ''Wutar Baya: Hoton Rock & Roll'', Gidan Tarihi na Art Currier, Manchester (2012) * ''Wanene Ya Harba Rock da Roll: Tarihin Hoto'', Space Annenberg don Hoto, Los Angeles, California (2012) * ''Buɗe don Dutse, Juzu'i na 2'', Littattafan Harper, Gabashin Hampton, New York (2012) * ''Matan da suke Rock: Vision, So, Power'', The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, Cleveland, Ohio (2012) * ''Shekaru hamsin na Rock n' Roll: Matan da suka yi Rock'', Adris Gallery, Rovinj, Croatia (2011) * ''Vivienne Westwood 1980-1989'', Gidan Tarihi na FIT, Birnin New York (2011) * ''Hip-Hop, A Cultural Odyssey'', Gidan Tarihi na Grammy, Los Angeles, California (2011) == Kyauta == * Kyautar Aperture daga ''Rave Magazine'' * "Arba'in Top Magazine Covers" daga Ƙungiyar Mawallafin Mujallu na Amirka * Kyautar Torchlight don Mafi kyawun Tsawon Fim == Littafi Mai Tsarki == * ''Heroes Honky-Tonk da Hillbilly Mala'iku: Majagaba na Ƙasar & Western Music'' wanda Houghton Miffin ya buga (2006) * ''Shake, Rattle & Roll: Wanda ya kafa Rock & Roll'' Houghton Miffin ya buga (2001) * ''Wig!'' Hyperion ne ya buga (1995) == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.lauralevine.com/ Gidan yanar gizon hukuma] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] obu5qe45v225442bj6ofqlanul18589 0 98003 878840 786473 2026-07-08T09:30:52Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878840 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mama Fatima Singhateh''' (an Haife ta a ranar 1 ga watan Oktoba, 1974) lauya ce, alkaliya, kuma 'yar siyasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-29 |title="I Never Took Illegal Instructions from Jammeh," Says Mama Singhateh – Foroyaa Newspaper |url=https://foroyaa.net/i-never-took-illegal-instructions-from-jammeh-says-mama-singhateh/ |access-date=2024-12-11 |language=en-US |archive-date=2025-02-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250215184001/https://foroyaa.net/i-never-took-illegal-instructions-from-jammeh-says-mama-singhateh/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Tsakanin shekarun 2009 da 2013, ta kasance mai shari'a a babbar kotu, sannan a kotun ɗaukaka kara ta [[Gambiya|Gambia]]. <ref name="africa.gm">{{Cite web |title=Five Gambian Judges Appointed - Africa.gm - Africa news and information community |url=http://africa.gm/africa/gambia/article/five-gambian-judges-appointed |access-date=28 December 2016 |publisher= |archive-date=2 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202004203/http://africa.gm/africa/gambia/article/five-gambian-judges-appointed |url-status=dead }}</ref> Daga baya ta zama ministar shari'a kuma babbar lauyan Gambia daga shekarun 2013 zuwa 2014, da kuma daga shekarun 2015 zuwa 2017. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Gambia's ruler names new justice minister after coup bid |url=https://news.yahoo.com/gambias-ruler-names-justice-minister-coup-bid-002316289.html |publisher=}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 January 2015 |title=Gambia: Mama Fatima Singhateh Bounces Back |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201501141171.html |access-date=19 February 2017 |website=allAfrica.com}}</ref> A halin yanzu tana aiki a matsayin mai ba da rahoto na Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya na musamman kan siyar da cin zarafin yara. <ref>{{Cite web |title=OHCHR {{!}} Special Rapporteur on the sale of children |url=https://www.ohchr.org/EN/Issues/Children/Pages/ChildrenIndex.aspx |access-date=2020-05-06 |website=www.ohchr.org}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == Singhateh ta yi karatun farko da na sakandare a [[Banjul]], Gambia. Ta sami digiri na LLB (Hons) daga Jami'ar Hull, [[Birtaniya|United Kingdom]] a shekarar 1997, da Masters a Dokar Kasuwanci ta Duniya a can a shekarar 1998. Tsakanin shekarun 1998 zuwa 1999 ta kammala kwas ɗin koyar da sana'a a Jami'ar Wales kuma an kira ta zuwa Bar of England da Wales a matsayin Barrister. == Aiki == Kafin naɗa ta a matsayin minista, Singhateh ta riƙe muƙamai da dama a cikin majalisar dokokin ƙasar Gambia a matsayin mai ba da shawara na jiha a shekarar 2002, a matsayin babbar mai ba da shawara na jiha, kuma a matsayin babbar mai ba da shawara. Tsakanin shekarun 2007 zuwa 2009 Singhateh ta shiga cikin kamfanoni masu zaman kansu, inda ta jagoranci sashin shari'a a wani banki na duniya. Daga nan aka naɗa ta alkaliya a babbar kotun ƙasar Gambia. <ref name="africa.gm"/> == Aikin shari'a == A watan Agustan 2009, bisa shawarar Hukumar Kula da Shari'a, Shugaba [[Yahya Jammeh|Yaya Jammeh]] ya naɗa Singhateh Alkaliyar Babbar Kotun. Daga nan aka ɗauke ta zuwa kotun ɗaukaka kara ta Gambia a shekarar 2012, inda ta yi aiki har zuwa lokacin da aka naɗa ta a matsayin ministar shari’a. A lokacin da take hidimar shari'a, ita ce mai kula da aikin na sashin shari'a na UNDP. <ref>{{Cite web |title=UNDP assists the Judiciary - Daily Observer |url=http://archive.observer.gm/africa/gambia/article/undp-assists-the-judiciary |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160413084435/http://archive.observer.gm/africa/gambia/article/undp-assists-the-judiciary |archive-date=13 April 2016 |access-date=28 December 2016 |publisher=}}</ref> == Naɗin muƙamai na siyasa == A watan Agustan 2013 aka naɗa Singhateh a majalisar ministocin ƙasar Gambia domin ta riƙe muƙamin babbar mai shari'a kuma ministar shari'a. A lokacin ma'aikatarta an gyara wuraren ma'aikatar, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Refurbished Justice Ministry building inaugurated - The Point Newspaper, Banjul, The Gambia |url=http://thepoint.gm/africa/gambia/article/refurbished-justice-ministry-building-inaugurated |access-date=28 December 2016 |publisher=}}</ref> kuma an ƙaddamar da rajistar taga kasuwanci guda ɗaya. A cikin shekarar 2015 ma'aikatarta ta jagoranci gyare-gyare a cikin dokar laifuffukan jima'i, tare da haramta ayyukan yi wa mata kaciya a Gambia.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Lyons|first=Kate|date=2015-11-24|title=The Gambia bans female genital mutilation|language=en-GB|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/society/2015/nov/24/the-gambia-bans-female-genital-mutilation|access-date=2020-05-06|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> Shekara guda bayan haka, ta jagoranci yunkurin majalisa wanda ya haifar da haramta auren yara a cikin tarihi a Gambia. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Gambia: Bill outlawing child marriage to become law |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/gambia-bill-outlawing-child-marriage-to-become-law/613423 |access-date=2020-05-06 |website=www.aa.com.tr}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ban on child brides becomes law in Gambia |url=https://www.enca.com/africa/ban-on-child-brides-becomes-law-in-gambia |access-date=2020-05-06 |website=eNCA |language=en |archive-date=2022-01-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220129143906/https://www.enca.com/africa/ban-on-child-brides-becomes-law-in-gambia |url-status=dead }}</ref> An sauke ta daga muƙamin ministar shari’a a watan Agustan 2014. A cikin watan Janairu 2015 an sake naɗa ta Babbar Atoni-Janar kuma Ministan Shari'a, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mama Fatima Singhateh bounces back - Daily Observer |url=http://archive.observer.gm/africa/gambia/article/mama-fatima-singhateh-bounces-back |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160413071609/http://archive.observer.gm/africa/gambia/article/mama-fatima-singhateh-bounces-back |archive-date=13 April 2016 |access-date=28 December 2016 |publisher=}}</ref> muƙamai da ta riƙe har zuwa ranar 17 ga watan Janairu 2017. == Wakiliyar Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya na musamman kan sayar da yara da lalata da su == A cikin watan Maris 2020, Majalisar Kare Hakkin Ɗan Adam ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta naɗa Singhateh mai ba da rahoto na musamman na Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya kan tallace-tallace da cin zarafin yara, ta maye gurbin Maud de Boer-Buquicchio wanda ya riƙe muƙamin tun watan Mayu 2014. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Where global solutions are shaped for you {{!}} News & Media {{!}} HUMAN RIGHTS COUNCIL ADOPTS UNIVERSAL PERIODIC REVIEW OUTCOME OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA, HOLDS DEBATE ON THE INTERNATIONAL DECADE FOR PEOPLE OF AFRICAN DESCENT, AND SUSPENDS ITS FORTY-THIRD SESSI |url=https://www.unog.ch/80256EDD006B9C2E/(httpNewsByYear_en)/30B949096E3DD253C125852A004A80FC?OpenDocument |access-date=2020-05-06 |website=www.unog.ch}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=nzoller |date=26 March 2020 |title=2020-03 UN HR Special Procedures: 19 Experts appointed during 43rd session by HR Council |url=https://gdh-ghr.org/blog/2020/03/2020-03-un-hr-special-procedures-19-experts-appointed-during-43rd-session-by-hr-council/ |access-date=2020-05-06 |language=en-US |archive-date=2020-09-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922174946/https://gdh-ghr.org/blog/2020/03/2020-03-un-hr-special-procedures-19-experts-appointed-during-43rd-session-by-hr-council/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1974]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 314dbcynzc0bv05mxhmz74uw834sgiy 0 100372 878730 828221 2026-07-07T22:05:39Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878730 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''[[Loren MacIver]]''' (Fabrairu 2, 1909 &#x2013; Mayu 3, 1998) yar wasan kwaikwayo, Ba'amurkiya ce kuma mace ta farko da aka wakilta a cikin tarihin din-din-din na Museum of Modern Art . == Rayuwa ta sirri == An haifi Loren MacIver sa [[New York]] a shekara ta 1909. Mahaifinta, Charles Augustus Paul Newman, likita ne, kuma mahaifiyarta Julia McIvers, wadda ta adana sunanta amma ta canza. Tana da shekara goma, ta halarci azuzuwan zane-zane na Asabar a Art Students League of [[New York]], sannna tana daga cikin yan Ƙungiyar Ɗaliban Fasaha . Ta yi iƙirarin cewa halartar waɗannan azuzuwan a shekara ɗaya kawai ita ce kawai karatun jami'a da ta samu gabaɗayan aikinta. <ref name="schlossman2">{{Cite journal |last=Schlossman |first=Jenni L. |date=2000-01-01 |title=Loren MacIver: Turning the Ordinary into the Extraordinary |journal=Woman's Art Journal |volume=21 |issue=1 |pages=11–1 |doi=10.2307/1358864 |jstor=1358864}}</ref> A 1929 ta auri mawaki kuma mai sukar Lloyd Frankenburg S<ref name="schlossman">{{Cite journal |last=Schlossman |first=Jenni L. |date=2000-01-01 |title=Loren MacIver: Turning the Ordinary into the Extraordinary |journal=Woman's Art Journal |volume=21 |issue=1 |pages=11–1 |doi=10.2307/1358864 |jstor=1358864}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Schlossman |first=Jenni L. |date=2000 |title=Loren MacIver: Turning the Ordinary into the Extraordinary |journal=Woman's Art Journal |volume=21 |issue=1 |pages=11–1 |doi=10.2307/1358864 |issn=0270-7993 |jstor=1358864}}</ref> == Aiki == Ayyukan MacIver sun bambanta daga dabi'a zuwa m, amma daidaitacce a duk lokacin aikinta shine fasahar da ta nuna haske. Ta fara nuna aikinta a nune-nunen rukuni a cikin ƴan gidajen tarihi da ƙungiyoyin fasaha daga shekara ta 1933 zuwa 1937. Ta yi aiki da Cibiyar Fasaha ta Tarayya / Ayyukan Ci gaban Ayyuka (FAP/WPA). <ref name="schlossman"/> Daraktan FAP / WPA, Holger Cahill, ya rubuta game da aikin MacIver tana cewa, "A cikin haɗuwa da bukatun duniya na gaskiya da kuma duniyar jin daɗi, aikin Miss MacIver tana da ƙima sosai, kuma tana jin daɗi a cikin m, keɓaɓɓen magana". <ref name="schlossman" /> Ta girma cikin salon fasaharta na sirri. Ta bayyana ƙwarewarta a cikin shekara ta 1946: "Abubuwa masu sauƙi suna iya haifar da ganowa. Wannan shine abin da zan so a yi tare da zane-zane: farawa da abubuwa masu sauƙi don jagorantar ido ta hanyar mabudi daban-daban na launuka, abubuwa da tashin hankali zuwa canji da walwala ". Har ma an nuna aikinta a cikin shahararrun mujallu kamar <nowiki><i id="mwNQ">Fortune</i></nowiki> (1944) da <nowiki><i id="mwNw">Town &</nowiki>amp; Country<nowiki></i></nowiki> (1947). <ref name="schlossman" /> A cikin shekarar 1947 – 1948, an ba ta kwamishinar bangon bango don ƙawata falon aji na farko na layin alatu na SS Argentina da ɗakunan cin abinci na jiragen ruwa na Layukan Fitar da Amurka . <ref name="schlossman" /> An yaba wa aikin MacIver sosai a lokacin rayuwarta, a cikin wata ƙasida ''ta New York Times'' ta hanyar shigar da abubuwan Faransanci a cikin aikinta an ba da haske, "Miss MacIver, kuma Ba'amurke da ta yi rayuwa shekaru da yawa a Faransa, mai fasaha ce a cikin hakkinta kuma ta kasance fitaccen mai iya ɗaukar kayan Faransanci, haɗawa da ƙirƙirar dandano, salo, da hangen nesa daga cikinsu. A cikin shekarunta na baya a cikin shekara ta 1970s, ta fara sake fassara jigogi da suka gabata kuma aikinta ba a ɗauka ba sabon abu bane kuma Pierre Matisse Gallery ya rage aikinta. Bayan mutuwar mijinta a shekara ta 1975, ta yi zane kaɗan amma ta ci gaba da nuna wasu sassanta a cikin gidajen zane-zane. Sa'an nan a cikin shekara ta 1998, Tibor de Nagy Gallery ya rataye nunin aikinta na farko watanni kafin mutuwarta. <ref name="maciver" /> Wannan shine abin da zan so in yi da zanen: farawa da abubuwa masu sauƙi, don jagorantar ido ta hanyoyi daban- ''daban'' na launuka, abubuwa da tashin hankali zuwa ga canji da lada" ta hanyar wasa tare da sassauƙan zane-zane, ta sami damar kewaye su duka don ƙirƙirar wani abu da zai sa mai kallo ya fahimci wani sabon abu. ya daɗe yana haɗuwa da soufflés da miya béarnaise na futurism, sur realism and cubism, da kuma ƙara fiye da ƙwaƙƙwarar ra'ayi" MacIver gwani ne a kasuwancinta, kuma waɗanda ke kewaye da ita sun shaida shi MacIver ita ce mace ta farko da aka wakilta a cikin tarihin dindindin na Museum of Modern Art, ɗaya daga cikin ayyukanta da darekta Alfred H. Barr, Jr. ya samu a shekarar 1935. <ref name="Alexandre Gallery">{{Cite web |title=Loren MacIver - Artists & Work |url=https://www.alexandregallery.com/artists-work/loren-maciver |access-date=17 January 2023 |website=Alexandre Gallery}}</ref> Ayyukan MacIver suna cikin tarin dindindin na cibiyoyi da yawa, ciki har da Addison Gallery of American Art, <ref name="Addison Gallery">{{Cite web |title=The Sidewalk |url=https://accessaddison.andover.edu/objects-1/info?query=Exhibition%20%3D%20%22869%22&sort=0 |access-date=17 January 2023 |website=Addison Gallery of American Art, Phillips Academy}}</ref> Cibiyar Fasaha ta Chicago, <ref name="Art Institute of Chicago">{{Cite web |title=Loren MacIver |url=https://www.artic.edu/artists/15867/loren-maciver |access-date=17 January 2023 |website=The Art Institute of Chicago |language=en}}</ref> Baltimore Museum of Art, <ref name="Baltimore Museum of Art">{{Cite web |title=Au Revoir Paris |url=https://collection.artbma.org/objects/38016/au-revoir-paris |access-date=17 January 2023 |website=Baltimore Museum of Art |language=en |archive-date=17 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117013141/https://collection.artbma.org/objects/38016/au-revoir-paris |url-status=dead }}</ref> Gidan Tarihi na Brooklyn, <ref name="Fire Escape">{{Cite web |title=Fire Escape |url=https://www.brooklynmuseum.org/opencollection/objects/65612 |access-date=17 January 2023 |website=Brooklyn Museum |archive-date=17 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117013143/https://www.brooklynmuseum.org/opencollection/objects/65612 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Hirshhorn Museum da Sculpture Garden, <ref name="Smithsonian Institution">{{Cite web |title=Irish Landscape |url=https://www.si.edu/es/object/irish-landscape:hmsg_66.3174 |access-date=17 January 2023 |website=Smithsonian Institution |language=es}}</ref> [[Los Angeles]] County Museum of Art, <ref name="Metropolitan Museum of Art">{{Cite web |title=Paris |url=https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/488300 |access-date=17 January 2023 |website=Metropolitan Museum of Art}}</ref> <ref name="LACMA Collections">{{Cite web |title=Violet Hour |url=https://collections.lacma.org/node/229173 |access-date=17 January 2023 |website=LACMA Collections}}</ref> Tarihi na Art , Chicago, Gidan Tarihi na Art Contery <ref name="MCA">{{Cite web |title=Loren MacIver |url=https://mcachicago.org/About/Who-We-Are/Artists/Loren-Mac-Iver |access-date=17 January 2023 |website=MCA}}</ref> Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Zamani, <ref name="MoMA">{{Cite web |title=Loren MacIver |url=https://www.moma.org/artists/3668 |access-date=17 January 2023 |website=The Museum of Modern Art |language=en}}</ref> Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasa, Washington, DC, <ref name="National Gallery of Art">{{Cite web |title=Loren MacIver |url=https://www.nga.gov/collection/artist-info.4775.html |access-date=17 January 2023 |website=National Gallery of Art}}</ref> Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Philadelphia, <ref name="PAFA">{{Cite web |date=28 December 2014 |title=Loren MacIver, "Oil Slick" (1949) |url=https://www.pafa.org/museum/collection/item/oil-slick |access-date=17 January 2023 |website=Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts}}</ref> Gidan Tarihi na Phillips, <ref name="Phillips Collection">{{Cite web |title=Loren MacIver |url=https://www.phillipscollection.org/loren-maciver |access-date=17 January 2023 |website=Phillips Collection |language=en}}</ref> Gidan Tarihi na Gidan Tarihi na San Francisco, <ref name="SFMOMA">{{Cite web |title=MacIver, Loren |url=https://www.sfmoma.org/artist/Loren_MacIver/ |access-date=17 January 2023 |website=SFMOMA}}</ref> Walker Art Center, <ref name="Walker Art Center">{{Cite web |title=Paris |url=https://walkerart.org/collections/artworks/paris |access-date=17 January 2023 |website=Walker Art Center}}</ref> Gidan kayan tarihi na Whitney na Art American Art, <ref name="Whitney Museum of American Art">{{Cite web |title=Loren MacIver |url=https://whitney.org/artists/818 |access-date=17 January 2023 |website=Whitney Museum of American Art |language=en}}</ref> da Jami'ar Yale Art . <ref name="Yale University Art Gallery">{{Cite web |title=The Streets Turn Young With Rain |url=https://artgallery.yale.edu/collections/objects/53024 |access-date=17 January 2023 |website=Yale University Art Gallery}}</ref> == Manazarta == <references /> == Kara karantawa == * MacIver, Loren; Pierre Matisse Gallery (New York, NY) (1970-01-01). [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/157557 ''Loren MacIver; zane-zane na kwanan nan.''] [New York]. * MacIver, Loren; Frankenberg, Lloyd; Alexander Gallery (New York, NY) (2002-01-01). [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/49214491 ''Loren MacIver: shekarun Matisse na farko.''] New York: Alexandre Gallery. * MacIver, Loren; Frash, Robert M; Newport Harbor Art Museum (1983-01-01). <cite class="citation book cs1">[http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/10001458 ''Loren MacIver, shekaru biyar: &#x5B; nunin &#x5D; Newport Harbor Art Museum, Newport Beach, California, Afrilu 14-Yuni 12, 1983''] .</cite> <cite class="citation book cs1">Rahoton da aka ƙayyade na OCLC&nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/10001458 10001458] .</cite> Newport Beach, Calif.: Gidan Tarihi. * Baur, John I. H; MacIver, Loren; Pereira, I. Shinkafa; Gidan kayan tarihi na Whitney na Fasaha na Amurka; Cibiyar Fasaha ta Des Moines; Gidan kayan gargajiya na San Francisco; Dallas Museum of Fine Arts (1953-01-01). [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/15563997 ''Loren MacIver, I. Rice Pereira''] . New York: Gidan kayan tarihi na Whitney na Art American. * MacIver, Loren; Tibor de Nagy Gallery (1998-01-01). [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/38863996 ''Loren MacIver: a baya.''] New York: Tibor de Nagy Gallery.{{ISBN|1891123009}}[[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/1891123009|1891123009]] . == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{Commons category-inline|Loren MacIver}} * [http://www.moma.org/collection/artists/3668 Loren MacIver at the Museum of Modern Art] [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1998]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1909]] kczbvercd3et0sz82dvsi0p4pqu3xa2 0 100543 878789 620287 2026-07-08T07:07:03Z Nura Bello 24854 878789 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kwaskwari na goma sha uku''' ( '''Kwaskwari na XIII''' ) ga Kundin Tsarin Mulki na kasar Amurka ya soke bauta da bautar da bata son rai ba, har sai dai hukuncin wani laifi. Majalisar dattijai ta zartar da gyara a ranar 8 ga watan Afrilu, 1864, ta Majalisar Wakilai a ranar 31 ga watan Janairu, 1865, kuma ta amince da 27 da ake buƙata na [[Jihohin Tarayyar Amurka|jihohi]] 36 na wancan lokacin a ranar 6 ga watan Disamba, 1865, kuma aka sanar a ranar 18 ga watan Disamba. Shi ne farko na gyare-gyare uku na sake ginawa da aka karɓa bayan yakin basasar Amurka.<ref>{{cite book|author=Kenneth M. Stampp|title=The Imperiled Union:Essays on the Background of the Civil War|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=J6I87GxnOBEC&pg=PA85|year=1980|publisher=Oxford University Press|page=85|isbn=9780199878529}}</ref> Shugaba [[Abraham Lincoln|Ibrahim Lincoln]]'s Emancipation Proclamation, mai tasiri a ranar 1 ga watan Janairu, 1863, ya bayyana cewa bayi a yankunan da ake sarrafawa (kuma kusan dukkanin bayi) suna da 'yanci. Lokacin da suka tsere zuwa layin Union ko sojojin tarayya (ciki har da bayi-tsohon bayi) sun ci gaba zuwa kudu, an sami 'yanci ba tare da wani diyya ga tsoffin masu mallakar ba. [[Texas]] ita ce ƙasa ta ƙarshe ta ƙungiyar bayi, inda aka ba da sanarwar aiwatar da sanarwar a ranar 19 ga watan Yuni, 1865.<ref>Tsesis, ''The Thirteenth Amendment and American Freedom'' (2004), p. 14.</ref> A cikin wuraren mallakar bayi da sojojin Ƙungiyar ke iko a ranar 1 ga watan Janairu, 1863, an yi amfani da aikin gwamnati don kawar da bauta da bayi. Keɓancewar sun kasance [[Kentucky]] da [[Delaware]], kuma zuwa ƙayyadaddun [[New Jersey]], inda a ƙarshe aka kawo ƙarshen [[Bauta|bautar chattel]] da bautar da aka yi ta hanyar Kwaskwarima ta goma sha uku a cikin watan Disamba 1865. Saɓanin sauran gyare-gyare na sake ginawa, ba a cika yin nuni da gyare-gyare na goma sha uku ba idan aka kwatanta da shari'a, amma an yi amfani da ita don kashe peonage da wasu nuna wariyar launin fata a matsayin "lambobin bauta da abubuwan da suka faru na bauta". An kuma yi kira ga gyare-gyare na goma sha uku don ƙarfafa Majalisa don yin dokoki game da bautar zamani, kamar fatauci na jima'i. Tun daga farkonsa a shekara ta 1776, an raba Amurka zuwa jihohin da suka ba da izinin bauta da kuma jihohin da suka haramta shi. Bauta da aka gane a fakaice a cikin Kundin Tsarin Mulki na asali a cikin tanadi irin su Yarjejeniya ta uku cikin biyar (Mataki na 1, Sashe na 2, Sashe na 3), wanda ya tanadi cewa kashi uku cikin biyar na yawan bayi na kowace jiha ("wasu mutane") za a ƙara su zuwa yawan jama'arta masu 'yanci don dalilai na rarraba kujeru a cikin Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka, da yawan kuri'un da aka zaɓa a cikin majalisar wakilai na Amurka. Maganar Bawan Gudu (Mataki na IV, Sashe na 2, Sashe na 3) ya tanadi cewa bayin da ake tsare da su a ƙarƙashin dokokin wata jiha da suka tsere zuwa wata jiha ba su zama ’yantattu ba, amma sun kasance bayi.<ref name="Vile">{{cite encyclopedia|year=2003|title=Thirteenth Amendment|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Constitutional Amendments, Proposed Amendments, and Amending Issues: 1789–2002|publisher=ABC-CLIO|editor-first=John R.|editor-last=Vile|pages=449–52}}</ref> Ko da yake an 'yantar da bayi miliyan uku na Confederate saboda sakamakon sanarwar 'yantar da Lincoln, matsayinsu na baya-bayan nan bai tabbata ba. Don tabbatar da cewa soke ya wuce ƙalubale na shari'a, an tsara gyara ga Kundin Tsarin Mulki don haka. Ranar 8 ga watan Afrilu, 1864, Majalisar Dattijai ta zartar da gyara don kawar da bautar. Bayan kuri'ar da ba ta yi nasara ba da kuma aiwatar da doka da gwamnatin Lincoln ta yi, majalisar ta bi sahun ranar 31 ga watan Janairu, 1865. Kusan dukkan jihohin Arewa ne suka amince da matakin cikin gaggawa, tare da isassun jihohin kan iyaka har zuwa kisan gillar da aka yi wa Shugaba Lincoln. Duk da haka, amincewar ta zo ta hannun magajinsa, Shugaba [[Andrew Johnson]], wanda ya karfafa "sake gina" jihohin Kudancin Alabama, North Carolina, da Georgia don amincewa, wanda ya kawo kirga zuwa jihohi 27, wanda ya kai ga amincewa da shi kafin karshen 1865. Ko da yake Kwaskwarima ya kawar da bautar a duk faɗin Amurka, wasu baƙar fata Amirkawa, musamman a Kudu, an fuskanci wasu nau'o'in ayyukan da ba na son rai ba, kamar a ƙarƙashin Black Codes. Haka kuma sun kasance waɗanda ke fama da tashe-tashen hankula masu tsaurin ra'ayi, da aiwatar da dokoki, da sauran naƙasassu. Yawancin irin wannan cin zarafi an ba da su ta hanyar keɓanta ayyukan ƙwaƙƙwaran gyare-gyare.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Gathering Storm: The Secession Crisis|url=https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/gathering-storm-secession-crisis|access-date=July 4, 2020|website=American Battlefield Trust|date=April 4, 2017|archive-date=December 17, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211217210042/https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/gathering-storm-secession-crisis|url-status=live}}</ref> == Manazarta == krgozai9r6938c7exc7swz52pxda3jv 0 100546 878786 812981 2026-07-08T07:03:02Z Nura Bello 24854 878786 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Hanyar jirgin ƙasa ta ƙarƙashin ƙasa''' wata hanyar [[sadarwa]] ce ta hanyoyin sirri da kuma gidaje masu aminci da masu neman 'yanci ke amfani da su don tserewa zuwa Arewacin kasar Amurka {{Sfn|Hudson|2015}} da Gabashin Kanada. Ƴan Afirka da aka bautar da [[Afirkawan Amurka|Ba-Amurkawa]] sun kuɓuta daga bauta a farkon ƙarni na 16, kuma da yawa daga cikin tsirar da suka yi ba su sami taimako ba; <ref name="NPS What Is">{{Cite web |title=What is the Underground Railroad? |url=https://www.nps.gov/subjects/undergroundrailroad/what-is-the-underground-railroad.htm |url-status=unfit |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250208022026/https://www.nps.gov/subjects/undergroundrailroad/what-is-the-underground-railroad.htm |archive-date=2025-02-08 |access-date=9 September 2024 |website=[[National Park Service]]}}</ref> <ref name="auto">{{Cite web |title=New Jersey's Underground Railroad Heritage |url=https://dspace.njstatelib.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/2d0a25c0-0b00-4c37-a53f-b8888b3e2193/content |access-date=18 September 2024 |website=New Jersey Historical Commission |publisher=New Jersey State Library}}</ref> duk da haka, cibiyar sadarwa na gidaje masu aminci da aka fi sani da Underground Railroad ya fara tsarawa a cikin shekarar 1780s tsakanin Ƙungiyoyin [[Kau da Bautan Bayi|Abolitionist]] a Arewa. <ref name="auto5">{{Cite web |title=Historic Context for the Underground Railroad |url=https://www.nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/ugrr/exugrr2.htm#:~:text=The%20runaways%20became%20%22contraband%2C%22,the%20Army%20were%20initially%20rebuffed. |access-date=8 September 2024 |website=Researching and Interpreting the Underground Railroad |publisher=The National Park Service}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Underground Railroad c. 1780–1862 |url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part4/4p2944.html |access-date=9 September 2024 |website=Africans in America |publisher=PBS}}</ref> Ta gudu zuwa arewa kuma ta girma har zuwa lokacin da Shugaba [[Abraham Lincoln]] ya sanya hannu kan sanarwar 'Yanci a shekarar 1863. Masu tserewa sun nemi da farko don tserewa zuwa jihohi masu 'yanci, kuma mai yiwuwa daga can zuwa Kanada. Cibiyar sadarwa, da farko aikin Amurkawa 'yanci da bautar, an taimaka ta hanyar kawarwa da wasu masu tausayi ga dalilin tserewa. Mutanen da aka bautar da suka yi kasadar kamawa da waɗanda suka taimaka musu, su ma a haɗe ake kiransu da fasinjoji da masu gudanar da Titin Jirgin ƙasa, bi da bi. <ref name="PBS">{{Cite web |title=The Underground Railroad |url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part4/4p2944.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180622122605/http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part4/4p2944.html |archive-date=June 22, 2018 |access-date=July 25, 2007 |publisher=Public Broadcasting Service}}</ref> Hanyoyi daban-daban sun kai ga Mexico, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Leanos |first=Reynaldo Jr. |year=2017 |title=This underground railroad took slaves to freedom in Mexico, PRI's The World, Public Radio International, March 29, 2017 |url=https://www.pri.org/stories/2017-03-29/underground-railroad-took-slaves-freedom-mexico |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201018081421/https://www.pri.org/stories/2017-03-29/underground-railroad-took-slaves-freedom-mexico |archive-date=October 18, 2020 |access-date=September 4, 2019 |publisher=Public Radio International}}</ref> inda aka kawar da bautar, da kuma tsibiran da ke cikin [[Karibiyan|Caribbean]] waɗanda ba sa cikin cinikin bayi. Hanyar tserewa ta farko tana tafiya kudu zuwa Florida, sannan mallakar [[Daular Sipaniya|Espanya]] (sai dai 1763-1783), ta kasance daga ƙarshen ƙarni na 17 har zuwa kusan 1790. A lokacin yakin basasar Amurka, masu neman 'yanci sun tsere zuwa layin Union a Kudu don samun 'yancinsu. Wani ƙiyasin ya nuna cewa a shekara ta 1850, kusan bayi 100,000 sun tsere zuwa 'yanci ta hanyar sadarwa. A cewar tsohon farfesa na nazarin Pan-African J. Blaine Hudson, wanda shi ne shugaban Kwalejin fasaha da Kimiyya a Jami'ar Louisville, a ƙarshen yakin basasa, 500,000 ko fiye da 'yan Afirka na Afirka sun sami kansu daga bauta a kan hanyar jirgin ƙasa. {{Sfn|Hudson|2015}} == Asalin sunan == Eric Foner ya rubuta cewa kalmar "watakila wata jarida ta Washington ta fara amfani da ita a cikin shekarar 1839, yana ambaton wani matashin bawa da ke fatan tserewa daga bauta ta hanyar layin dogo wanda ya bi ta ƙarƙashin ƙasa har zuwa Boston". {{Sfn|Foner|2015}} Dokta Robert Clemens Smedley ya rubuta cewa bayan binciken da masu kama bayi suka ƙasa yi da kuma rasa alamun ’yan gudun hijira har zuwa arewacin Columbia, Pennsylvania, sun bayyana cikin ruɗani cewa "dole ne a sami hanyar jirgin ƙarƙashin ƙasa a wani wuri," suna ba da asalin kalmar.<ref>{{cite book |last=Pettit |first=Eber M. |title=Sketches in the History of the Underground Railroad |publisher=Chautauqua Region Press |year=1999 |orig-year=1879 |location=Westfield, NY |url=https://archive.org/details/sketchesinhistor0000pett/page/130/mode/2up |isbn=0-9658955-3-X |ref=pettit1879}}, p. 131</ref> Scott Shane ya rubuta cewa farkon rubuce-rubucen amfani da kalmar yana cikin labarin da Thomas Smallwood ya rubuta a cikin watan Agusta 10, 1842, bugun ''Tocsin of Liberty'', jaridar abolitionist da aka buga a Albany. Ya kuma rubuta cewa littafin ''Sketches in the History of the Underground Railroad'' na shekarar 1879 ya ce an ambaci kalmar a cikin labarin jaridar Washington na shekarar 1839 kuma marubucin littafin ya ce bayan shekaru 40 cewa ya nakalto labarin daga ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya kamar yadda zai iya.<ref>{{cite news |last=Shane |first=Scott |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/09/11/opinion/man-who-named-underground-railroad.html |title=How the Underground Railroad Got Its Name |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=September 11, 2023 |access-date=September 11, 2023}}</ref><ref>Shane, Scott, ''Flee North A Forgotten Hero and the Fight for Freedom in Slavery's Borderland'' (Macmillan, London, 2023), pp. 117–118.</ref> == Terminology == Mambobin Jirgin Ƙasa na Ƙasa (Underground Railroad) sau da yawa suna amfani da wasu kalmomi na musamman, bisa ga kamanceceniyar jirgin ƙasa. Misalai: {{Div col}} * Mutanen da suke taimaka wa bayi masu gudu su sami hanyoyin jirgin ƙasa ana kiransu da "wakilai" * Masu jagora ana kiransu da "masu tuki" * Wuraren ɓoye ana kiran su da "tashoshi" ko "tashoshin hanya" * "Masu tashar" sukan ɓoye bayi masu gudu a gidajensu * Bayi masu gudu ana kiran su da "fasinjoji" ko "kaya" * Bayi masu gudu sukan samu "tikit" * Kamar yadda aka saba da labaran waƙar bishara, "tauraron juyawa zai ci gaba da juyawa" * Masu bada gudummawar kuɗi ga Jirgin Ƙasa suna da suna "masu hannun jari"<ref>Blight, David, 2004, shafi na 98</ref> * Ƙasar Alkawari – kalmar lamba ga Kanada * Kogin Jordan – kalmar lamba ga Kogin Ohio * Aljanna – kalmar lamba ga 'yanci ko Kanada<ref>{{cite web |last1=Wade |first1=Phyllis |title=Signal Songs of the Underground Railroad |url=https://discoverytheater.org/forms/guides/2017/feb/Signal%20Songs%20of%20the%20Underground%20Railroad%20Learning%20Guide.pdf |website=Smithsonian Institution |access-date=14 September 2024}}</ref> {{colend|2}} Tauraron Big Dipper (inda "kwanon" yake nunawa ga Tauraron Arewa) ana kiransa da "kwanon sha". Jirgin Ƙasa na Ƙasa sau da yawa ana kiransa da "jirgin 'yanci" ko "jirgin bishara", wanda ke tafiya zuwa "Aljanna" ko "Ƙasar Alkawari", wato Kanada.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://freedomcenter.org/enabling-freedom/history| title=Tarihi – Cibiyar Ƙasar Ƙasa ta 'Yanci | website=Freedomcenter.org| access-date=June 7, 2016| archive-date=August 17, 2018| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180817144323/https://freedomcenter.org/enabling-freedom/history| url-status=dead}}</ref> == Bayanin Siyasa == [[File:The disappointed abolitionists LCCN2008661783.jpg|right|thumb|David Ruggles tsakanin wasu maza guda biyu suna fuskantar John P. Darg]] Ga bayi masu gudu da suka “hau” Jirgin Ƙasa na Ƙasa, da yawa daga cikinsu sun ɗauki Kanada a matsayin wurin ƙarshe. An kiyasta cewa tsakanin 30,000 zuwa 40,000 daga cikinsu sun zauna a Kanada, rabinsu sun isa daga 1850 zuwa 1860. Wasu sun zauna a jihohin ‘yanci na arewa.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Henry |first1=Natasha |first2=Andrew |last2=McIntosh |date=January 31, 2020 |title=Underground Railroad |url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/underground-railroad |access-date=2022-03-02 |website=The Canadian Encyclopedia |archive-date=May 9, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509210944/https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/underground-railroad |url-status=live }}</ref> Dubban shari’un kotu game da bayi masu gudu sun auku tsakanin Yaƙin Juyin Halitta na Amurka da Yaƙin Basasar Amurka.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Schweninger |first=Loren |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UyBrDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA9 |title=Appealing for Liberty: Freedom Suits in the South |year=2018 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-066429-9 |page=9 |access-date=March 2, 2022 |archive-date=March 2, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220302225408/https://books.google.com/books?id=UyBrDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA9 |url-status=live }}</ref> A ƙarƙashin dokar Fugitive Slave Act ta 1793, jami’an daga jihohin ‘yanci an wajabta musu taimakawa masu bayi ko wakilansu don cafke masu gudu, amma wasu majalisun dokoki sun hana hakan. Wannan dokar ta sauƙaƙa wa masu bayi da masu kamawa hanyar kamo bakaken fata da maida su bayi, har ma da ɗaukar ‘yan bakaken fata masu ‘yanci. Hakan ya motsa masu kawar da bautar don taimaka wa bayi, wanda ya haifar da ƙaruwa a ƙungiyoyin kawar da bautar da Jirgin Ƙasa na Ƙasa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=C.W.A. |first=David |date=January 1984 |title=The Fugitive Slave Law of 1793 and its Antecedents |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2713433 |journal=The Journal of Negro History |publisher=The University of Chicago Press on behalf of the Association for the Study of African American Life and History |volume=9 |number=1 |pages=22–25 |doi=10.2307/2713433 |jstor=2713433 |s2cid=149160543 |access-date=March 2, 2022 |archive-date=March 2, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220302231257/https://www.jstor.org/stable/2713433 |url-status=live }}</ref> Sakamakon matsin lamba daga ‘yan siyasa na Kudu, sulhun 1850 ya samu amincewa daga Majalisar Dokokin Amurka bayan Yaƙin Amurka da Mexico. Ya haɗa da sabuwar dokar bayi masu gudu wadda ta fi tsauri; a zahiri, sulhun ya magance matsalolin yankuna ta hanyar tilasta wa jami’an jihohin ‘yanci su taimaka wajen kamawa, tare da ba da kariya ga masu kamawa don su yi aiki a jihohin ‘yanci.{{sfn|Potter|1976|pp=132–139}} Saboda dokar bata buƙaci takardu da yawa don tabbatar da mutum ya gudu daga bautar, masu kamawa sun yi garkuwa da bakaken fata masu ‘yanci, musamman yara, suna sayar da su cikin bautar.<ref>Bordewich, Fergus, 2005, shafi na 324</ref> ‘Yan siyasa na Kudu sau da yawa sukan ƙara girman adadin bayi masu gudu sannan su zargi ‘yan Arewa da katsalandan ga haƙƙin dukiyar Kudu.<ref>{{cite book| last1=Gara| first1=Larry| title=Underground Railroad| publisher=National Park Service| page=8}}</ref> Dokar ta hana wa waɗanda ake zargi da zama bayi damar kare kansu a kotu, hakan ya sa yana da wahala a tabbatar da ‘yanci.<ref>Douglass, Frederick (July 5, 1852), [https://www.historyisaweapon.org/defcon1/douglassjuly4.html "Ma’anar Ranar 4 ga Yuli ga Baƙar fata"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080704185311/https://www.historyisaweapon.org/defcon1/douglassjuly4.html |date=July 4, 2008 }}, ''History Is a Weapon'', An samo ranar 17 ga Yuli, 2011.</ref> Wasu jihohin Arewa sun kafa dokokin ‘yancin mutum da ke hana jami’an gwamnati cafke ko tsare tsoffin bayi.{{sfn|Potter|1976|p=139}} Tunani cewa jihohin Arewa suna watsi da dokokin bayi masu gudu da ƙa’idodi ya zama babban uzuri da aka bayar don ballewa daga Tarayya.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://avalon.law.yale.edu/19th_century/csa_scarsec.asp| title=Avalon Project – Confederate States of America – Bayanin Dalilan Ballewar South Carolina daga Tarayyar Amurka| website=Avalon.law.yale.edu| access-date=June 7, 2016| archive-date=February 20, 2019| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190220121942/https://avalon.law.yale.edu/19th_century/csa_scarsec.asp| url-status=live}}</ref> {{anchor|ur_structure}} <!-- Sauran shafuka suna alaƙa da wannan ɓangaren. --> ==Hanyoyi da dabarun guduwa== [[File:Great Dismal Swamp-Fugitive Slaves crop.jpg|thumb|Masu neman 'yanci sun gudu zuwa cikin al'ummar maroon na Great Dismal Swamp.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Underground Railroad |url=https://www.camdencountync.gov/departments/dismal-swamp-welcome-center/the-underground-railroad |website=Camden County, North Carolina Government |access-date=13 September 2024}}</ref>]] Hanyoyin Underground Railroad sun tafi arewa zuwa jihohin 'yanci da Kanada, zuwa Caribbean, zuwa yankunan yamma na Amurka, da kuma zuwa yankunan Indiyawa. Wasu bayi da suka tsere sun yi tafiya zuwa kudu zuwa Mexico don samun 'yanci.<ref>{{cite web |title=Selected Routes of the Underground Railroad |url=https://www.nps.gov/npgallery/GetAsset/7075060c-593d-4a38-b7e0-719c2dd5f4b3 |website=NPS |access-date=21 September 2024}}</ref>{{sfn|Hudson|2015}} Mutane da yawa sun tsere ta hanyar teku, ciki har da Ona Judge, wanda shugaban kasa George Washington ya mallaka a matsayin bawa.<ref>Russell, Tonya, [https://www.washingtonpost.com/history/2023/10/15/underground-railroad-by-sea-slavery/ "Underground Railroad's forgotten route: Thousands fled slavery by sea", ''The Washington Post'', October 15, 2023]</ref> Wasu masana tarihin sun dauki hanyoyin ruwa na kudu a matsayin muhimman hanyoyi ga masu neman 'yanci, domin ruwa na taka rawar gani wajen tafiya. Haka kuma, masana tarihin Underground Railroad sun gano talla na bayin da suka tsere har 200,000 a jaridun Arewacin Amurka daga tsakiyar shekarun 1700s har zuwa karshen Yakin Basasa na Amurka.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Tabb |first1=Kip |title=Symposium highlights enslaved people's escape by water |url=https://coastalreview.org/2022/05/symposium-highlights-enslaved-peoples-escape-by-water/ |website=Coastal Review |date=May 26, 2022 |access-date=12 September 2024}}</ref> Masu neman 'yanci a Alabama sun boye a cikin jiragen ruwa masu tururi da ke tafiya zuwa Mobile, Alabama, da fatan za su gauraya da al'ummar bakake masu 'yanci. Haka kuma, sun boye a cikin jiragen ruwa masu tururi da ke tafiya daga Alabama zuwa yankunan 'yanci. A shekarar 1852, majalisar dokoki ta Alabama ta kafa doka da nufin rage yawan masu guduwa a cikin jiragen ruwa. Dokar ta hukunta masu mallakar bayi da nakudun jiragen ruwa idan suka bari bayi su shiga ba tare da takarda ba. Masu neman 'yanci a Alabama sun kuma gina kanu don tserewa.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Nordmann |first1=Christopher |title=Fugitive Slave Laws and Freedom Seeking |url=https://encyclopediaofalabama.org/article/runaway-slaves/ |website=Encyclopedia of Alabama |access-date=15 September 2024}}</ref> Masu neman 'yanci sun tsere daga masu mallaka a Panama ta hanyar jiragen ruwa da ke zuwa California ta hanyar hanyar Panama. Masu mallakar bayi suna amfani da wannan hanya don isa California. A Panama ba a yarda da bauta ba, kuma bakake Panamanians suna karfafa bayin daga Amurka su tsere zuwa cikin birnin Panama.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Quest for Freedom Moves West 1848–1869 |url=https://npshistory.com/brochures/ugrr/western-quest-for-freedom.pdf |website=NPS |access-date=21 September 2024}}</ref> Masu neman 'yanci sun kirkiro hanyoyi don kauce wa karan hanci na karnukan masu kama bayi. Daya daga cikin hanyoyin shi ne amfani da barkono mai zafi, kitse, da vinegar a cikin takalma. A North Carolina, sun sa turpentine a cikin takalma. A Texas, sun yi amfani da man dabbobi daga rana don hana karnuka jin wari.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Gattuso |first1=Reina |title=A Historical Dig Sheds Light on the Food of the Underground Railroad |url=https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/what-did-people-eat-on-underground-railroad |website=Atlas Obscura |date=October 14, 2020 |access-date=13 September 2024}}</ref> Wasu sun tsere zuwa cikin kwarkwata don wanke wari.<ref name="auto3">{{cite web |title=The Underground Railroad |url=https://mrnussbaum.com/storage/uploads/activities/tubman/path.htm |website=mrnussbaum.com |access-date=10 September 2024}}</ref> Yawancin guduwa suna faruwa da dare don boyewa cikin duhu.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Stevens |first1=Kathleen |title=William Still and the Underground Railroad |date=2008 |publisher=Townsend Press |isbn=9781591944140 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ljljDwAAQBAJ&q=That%20night,%20under%20cover%20of%20darkness}}</ref> Wani dabara da masu guduwa suka yi amfani da shi don kauce wa kamawa shine daukar takardar 'yanci ta bogi. A zamanin bauta, bakake masu 'yanci suna daukar takardar da ke tabbatar da 'yancinsu. Bakake da bayin da aka bautar sun kirkiro takardun bogi don taimakawa masu guduwa yayin da suke tafiya ta cikin jihohin bauta.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Biehl |first1=Andre F. |title=Strategies for Escape: A Study of Fugitive Slave Ads (1770–1819) |url=https://slavery.princeton.edu/stories/strategies-for-escape |website=Princeton and Slavery |publisher=Princeton University |access-date=15 September 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Successfully Escaping Slavery on Maryland's Underground Railroad |url=https://www.visitmaryland.org/article/successfully-escaping-slavery-marylands-underground-railroad |website=Visit Maryland |access-date=15 September 2024}}</ref> == Arewa zuwa ga jihohi masu 'yanci da Kanada == === Tsari === [[File:Harriet Tubman.jpg|thumb|200px|Harriet Tubman (hoto daga H. B. Lindsley), {{circa|1870}}. Ma'aikaciya a Kan Hanyar Ɓoye, Tubman ta yi tafiya sau 13 zuwa Kudu, inda ta taimaka wajen 'yanta fiye da mutane 70. Ta jagoranci mutane zuwa jihohi na Arewa masu 'yanci da Kanada. Wannan ya sa aka kira Harriet Tubman da suna "Moses na Mutanenta".]] [[File:Levi coffin.JPG|thumb|right|200px|Ɓaƙaƙe na Quaker da ke yaki da bautar ɗan adam, Levi Coffin da matarsa Catherine sun taimaka wajen tserewar fiye da bayi 2,000 zuwa 'yanci.]] Ko da yake sunan hanyar yana nuna tana ƙasa ko jirgin ƙasa, ba haka lamarin yake ba. (Na farko daga jirgin ƙasa na ƙasa da ke ainihi bai wanzu ba sai har 1863). Bisa ga abin da John Rankin ya faɗi, "An kira ta haka ne domin mutanen da ke bi ta suna ɓacewa daga idon jama'a kamar yadda za su shige ƙasa. Bayan bayi masu gudu sun shiga wata cibiyar a wannan hanya, ba za a iya gano su ba. Ana ɓoye su daga wuri zuwa wuri har sai sun isa inda za su ci gaba da zama cikin 'yanci." Ana amfani da kalmomin jirgin ƙasa kamar tasha da direbobi don bayyana wannan hanyar, saboda tsarin sufuri da ake amfani da shi a lokacin. Hanyar Ɓoye ba ta da hedikwata ko wata ƙungiya da ke kula da ita, kuma babu littattafai, taswirar hanya, takardun wayar da kai ko ma wallafe-wallafen jarida. Ta ƙunshi wuraren haɗuwa, hanyoyi ɓoyayyu, sufuri da gidajen da ke da aminci, duk waɗanda masu adawa da bautar ɗan adam ke kulawa da su kuma ana bayyana su da baka, ko da yake akwai rahoton amfani da lambobi don ɓoye sako. Masu tserewa daga bautar ɗan adam na motsawa zuwa Arewa daga tasha zuwa tasha. "Direbobi" a wannan hanyar na da asalinsu daga wasu sassa daban-daban kamar Ɓakar fata da aka haifa cikin 'yanci, Ɓaƙaƙe da suka tsere, Ɓaƙaƙe da aka sake, 'yan asalin ƙasar da kuma fararen fata masu adawa da bautar ɗan adam. Kungiyoyin Kiristoci da limamai sun taka rawa, musamman Ɓaƙaƙe na Quaker, Congregationalists, Wesleyan Methodists, da Reformed Presbyterians, har da rassan manyan coci-coci da suka rabu saboda batun bautar ɗan adam kamar Methodist Episcopal Church da Baptist. Matsayin Ɓaƙaƙe masu 'yanci yana da matuƙar muhimmanci; ba tare da su ba, da ƙyar mai tserewa daga bautar ɗan adam zai kai ga 'yanci cikin aminci. Kungiyoyin da ke aiki da hanyar Ɓoye sun zama "ƙungiyoyin lura". Ɓaƙaƙe masu 'yanci a Indiana, Illinois, Ohio, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, da New York sun taimaka wa masu neman 'yanci. Coci-cocin Ɓaƙaƙe na Arewa sun zama tashoshi a hanyar Ɓoye, inda aka ɓoye masu tserewa a cikin coci da gidajensu. Tarihin Cheryl Janifer Laroche ta bayyana cewa: "Ɓaƙaƙe, masu bautar da masu 'yanci, su ne manyan 'yan wasan a cikin babin tarihin Hanyar Ɓoye." Ta ƙara bayyana cewa wasu marubuta na ba fararen fata da masu adawa da bautar ɗan adam girma fiye da yadda suka cancanta kuma suna mantawa da mahimmancin rawar Ɓaƙaƙe masu 'yanci. Bugu da ƙari, marubuciya Diane Miller ta ce: "Da al'ada, tarihin ba ya bayar da dama ga Ɓaƙaƙe wajen nuna ƙwazon su wajen neman 'yanci, sai dai cewar Hanyar Ɓoye wani tsari ne da ƙungiyoyin fararen fata na addini, musamman Quaker, suka kafa don taimaka wa bayi marasa taimako." Tarihi Larry Gara yana da ra'ayin cewa yawancin labaran Hanyar Ɓoye na cikin tatsuniya ba tarihi ba ne. Ayyukan wasu mutanen tarihi kamar Harriet Tubman, Thomas Garrett, da Levi Coffin an cika da girmamawa, yayin da ake ɗaukaka 'yan Arewa da suka jagoranci bayi zuwa Kanada a matsayin jaruman Hanyar Ɓoye. Wannan labari na rage fahimta da ƙwazo na Ɓaƙaƙe da suka nemi 'yanci da kansu. == Ƙasashe da Wuri == [[File:Rail Road Suspension Bridge Near Niagara Falls v2.jpg|thumb|Masu neman 'yanci sun tsere daga bauta suka shiga Kanada ta hanyar gada mai rataye ta Niagara Falls.]] Railroad ɗin Ƙasa-ƙasa ya samu amfani sosai daga yanayin iyakar Amurka da Kanada: jihohin Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania da mafi yawan New York sun rabu da Kanada ta ruwa, inda saukin samun jirgin ruwa yana da sauƙi kuma yana da aminci. Babban hanyar masu neman 'yanci daga Kudancin Amurka ta tashi ne daga tsaunukan Appalachia, inda Harriet Tubman ta bi ta Harpers Ferry, ta hanyar yankin da ke adawa da bauta sosai na Western Reserve a arewa maso gabashin Ohio zuwa gabar Lake Erie, sannan zuwa Kanada ta jirgi. Ƙananan rukuni kuma, ta hanyar New York ko New England, sun bi ta Syracuse (inda Samuel May ke zaune) da Rochester (inda Frederick Douglass ke zaune), suna ketare kogin Niagara ko tafkin Ontario zuwa Kanada. A shekarar 1848 an gina gadar Niagara Falls Suspension Bridge—ta ketare kogin Niagara ta haɗa New York da Kanada. Bayin da suka gudu daga bauta sun yi amfani da wannan gada domin tserewa, ciki har da Harriet Tubman da ta yi amfani da ita wajen kai masu neman 'yanci zuwa Kanada.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Niagara River: Between Slavery and Freedom |url=https://www.nps.gov/articles/the-niagara-river-between-slavery-and-freedom.htm |website=NPS |access-date=21 September 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Niagara Falls Underground Railroad Heritage Center |url=https://www.nps.gov/places/niagara-falls-underground-railroad-heritage-center.htm |website=NPS |access-date=21 September 2024}}</ref> Wasu da suka bi hanyar Adirondacks na New York, wani lokaci ta al'ummomin Baƙar fata kamar Timbuctoo, sun shiga Kanada ta Ogdensburg, a kogin St. Lawrence, ko ta Lake Champlain (inda Joshua Young ya taimaka). Hanyar yamma, da John Brown da wasu suka bi, ta tashi daga Missouri zuwa Kansas mai 'yanci, sannan arewa zuwa Iowa mai 'yanci, daga nan gabas ta hanyar Chicago zuwa kogin Detroit. Thomas Downing ya kasance Baƙar fata mai 'yanci a New York, kuma ya gudanar da gidan cin abinci na Oysters wanda ya zama tasha a hanyar Underground Railroad. Masu neman 'yanci (bayin da suka gudu) suna ɓoye a ɗakin ƙasa na gidan cin abincinsa.<ref>{{cite web |title=Downing's Oyster House |url=https://maap.columbia.edu/place/1.html |website=Mapping the African American Past |publisher=Columbia University |access-date=20 June 2024}}</ref> Bayi da kansu suna taimaka wa masu gudu wajen tserewa daga bauta. Arnold Gragstone, wanda bawa ne, ya taimaka wajen ketare masu gudu daga kogin Ohio don samun 'yanci.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Blaisdell |first1=Bob |last2=Rudisel |first2=Christine |title=Slave Narratives of the Underground Railroad |date=2014 |publisher=Dover Publications |isbn=9780486780610 |page=72 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0g_dAwAAQBAJ&q=civil%20war}}</ref> [[File:William Still portrait.png|thumb|William Still Baƙar fata ne a Philadelphia da ya taimaka wa daruruwan masu neman 'yanci su tsere daga bauta.]] William Still,<ref>Blight, David, 2004, p. 175</ref> wanda ake kira "Uban Underground Railroad", ya taimaka wa daruruwan bayi tserewa (har zuwa 60 a kowane wata), wani lokaci yana ɓoye su a gidansa na Philadelphia. Ya rubuta bayanai da tarihin rayuwar waɗanda suka tsere, da amfani da kalmomi da ke kama da jirgin ƙasa. Ya ci gaba da musayar wasiƙu da da dama daga cikinsu, yana zama mai haɗa sako tsakanin waɗanda suka tsere da 'yan uwansu da suka rage a bauta. Daga baya ya buga waɗannan bayanai a cikin littafin *The Underground Railroad: Authentic Narratives and First-Hand Accounts* (1872), wanda ya zama muhimmin tushe ga masana tarihi wajen fahimtar yadda tsarin ya ke aiki da dabarun da aka yi amfani da su wajen tserewa. A cewar Still, saƙonni da yawa an haɗa su da lambobi ko sirri wanda kawai masu aiki a cikin hanyar za su fahimta. Misali, saƙon da ke cewa, "Na aika ta hanyar via da ƙarfe biyu da manyan hams huɗu da ƙananan hams biyu", yana nuna cewa manya huɗu da yara biyu aka tura daga Harrisburg zuwa Philadelphia. Kalmar ''via'' na nufin cewa ba a tura su a jirgin ƙasa na yau da kullum ba, amma ta hanyar Reading. Wannan ya yaudari jami'an tsaro su tafi wurin da ba daidai ba, yayin da Still ya je ya tarbi masu gudun a wurin da ya dace, ya kai su wurin da ya dace. A ƙarshe sun tsere zuwa arewa ko Kanada, inda aka soke bauta a shekarun 1830.<ref>{{cite book| last=Still|first=William| title=The Underground Railroad: Authentic Narratives and First-Hand Accounts| date=1872| url=https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/21243533-the-underground-railroad?from_search=true&search_version=service_impr| asin=B00264GNTU| access-date=July 25, 2015| archive-date=December 14, 2018| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181214092959/https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/21243533-the-underground-railroad?from_search=true&search_version=service_impr| url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Desperate Conflict in a Barn.png|thumb|280px|''Yaki don samun 'yanci a cikin wani ɗakin dabbobi a Maryland''. Zanen itace daga littafin William Still ''The Underground Rail Road'', shafi na 50.<ref>Dictated by Robert Jackson a.k.a. Wesley Harris on November 2, 1853. "Engravings by Bensell, Schell, and others."</ref>]] Domin rage yiwuwar cin amanar shirin, mutane da yawa da ke cikin Underground Railroad sun san ɓangaren aikinsu kawai ba tare da sanin tsarin gaba ɗaya ba. "Ma’aikata" su ne ke jagorantar ko daukar "fasinjoji" daga tasha zuwa tasha. Wani lokaci ma’aikaci na iya yin kama da bawa don shiga gonar wani. Idan ya shiga, sai ya jagoranci bayin da suka gudu zuwa arewa. Bayi suna tafiya da dare, kimanin mil 10 zuwa 20 zuwa kowace tasha. Suna hutawa, sannan saƙo yana tafi zuwa tashar gaba domin sanar da zuwan su. Suna tsayawa a "tasha" ko "depot" da rana suna hutu. Wadannan wurare suna cikin ɗakin ƙasa,<ref>{{cite journal|last=Cedarville University|date=February 12, 2018|title=Underground Railroad Hiding Places|url=https://digitalcommons.cedarville.edu/wyland_collection/85|journal=Slideshow Images|access-date=February 28, 2021|archive-date=April 24, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210424165353/https://digitalcommons.cedarville.edu/wyland_collection/85/|url-status=live}}</ref> ɗakunan dabbobi,<ref>{{cite web|date=1930s|title=Point of interest at Oakland City – site of barn of Col. James W. Cockrum used as an underground railroad station|url=https://visions.indstate.edu:8888/cdm/singleitem/collection/isulib/id/7638/rec/3|url-status=live|access-date=February 27, 2021|website=Wabash Valley Visions & Voices Digital Memory Project|archive-date=April 15, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415024158/https://visions.indstate.edu:8888/cdm/singleitem/collection/isulib/id/7638/rec/3}}</ref> coci-coci,<ref>{{cite web|date=March 15, 2017|title=The Underground Railroad|url=https://nmaahc.si.edu/blog/underground-railroad|access-date=February 28, 2021|website=National Museum of African American History and Culture|language=en|archive-date=March 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210310182912/https://nmaahc.si.edu/blog/underground-railroad|url-status=live}}</ref> ko wuraren ɓoye a cikin koguna da kogo.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Smith Underground Railroad Station :: Ohio :: Henry Robert Burke :: Lest We Forget|url=https://lestweforget.hamptonu.edu/page.cfm?uuid=9FEC4E64-D74A-B3E9-A15B5ED01281AC79|access-date=February 28, 2021|website=lestweforget.hamptonu.edu|archive-date=April 15, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415024543/https://lestweforget.hamptonu.edu/page.cfm?uuid=9FEC4E64-D74A-B3E9-A15B5ED01281AC79|url-status=live}}</ref> Wuraren hutu da masu neman 'yanci ke hutawa da cin abinci ana kiran su da sunaye masu lamba kamar "tasha" da "depot", waɗanda "masu kula da tasha" ke riƙe da su. "Masu hannun jari" na bayar da kuɗi ko kayan tallafi. A cikin harshen Littafi Mai Tsarki, waɗanda ke gudu suna kiran Kanada da "Ƙasar Alkawari" ko "Aljanna", yayin da kogin Ohio, wanda ke raba jihohin bayi da na 'yanci, ake kiran sa "Kogin Urdun".<ref>{{cite web| title=Underground Railroad Codes| url=https://www.safepassageohio.org/resources/weblesson.pdf| work=Myths and Codes of the Underground Railroad| series=Safe Passage| publisher=Greater Cincinnati Television Educational Foundation| page=20| access-date=June 29, 2013| archive-date=June 12, 2018| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612135935/https://www.safepassageohio.org/resources/weblesson.pdf| url-status=usurped}}</ref> == Yanayin Tafiya == [[File:4271695318-marymeachum.jpg|thumb|Mary Meachum wakiliyar Underground Railroad ce a St. Louis, Missouri]] Ko da yake wasu daga cikin masu neman 'yanci suna yin tafiya ta jirgin ruwa ko jirgin ƙasa,<ref>Bordewich, Fergus, 2005, p. 236</ref> mafi yawansu suna yin tafiya ne a ƙafa ko cikin keken dawakai, wani lokaci suna kwance suna ɓoye a ƙarƙashin ciyawa ko wasu kayayyaki, kuma suna tafiya cikin ƙungiyoyi na mutum ɗaya zuwa uku. Wasu rukuni sun fi haka yawa. Mai adawa da bauta Charles Turner Torrey da abokansa suna haya dawakai da kekuna kuma suna jigilar mutane har 15 zuwa 20 a lokaci guda.<ref>{{cite book| last=Torrey| first=E. Fuller| author-link=E. Fuller Torrey|title=The Martyrdom of Abolitionist Charles Torrey| year=2013| publisher=Louisiana State University Press| location=Baton Rouge}}</ref> Baƙar fata 'yan gabar teku, masu 'yanci da bayi, sun taimaka wa bayin da ke gudu daga bauta ta hanyar ba su hanya a jirginsu, ba su bayani akan mafi amintaccen hanya da wuraren ɓoyewa a ƙasa, da kuma inda za su samu taimako daga amintattun mutane. Bayin Baƙar fata da ke aiki a teku suna da labarai dangane da tarzoma da ke faruwa a yankin Caribbean, kuma suna watsawa bayin da ke cikin tashoshin jirgi a Amurka. Masu ruwa da tsaki daga cikin Baƙar fata, bayi da 'yan gabar teku, sun taimaka wa Harriet Tubman a aikin ceto nata. Sun ba ta bayanan sirri game da hanyoyin da suka fi aminci da kuma taimako a tafiyarta. A New Bedford, Massachusetts, masu neman 'yanci sun ɓuya a cikin jiragen ruwa tare da taimakon 'yan uwansu Baƙar fata da Fararen fata, suna ɓoye a cikin kaya har zuwa isowarsu ga 'yanci.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Underground Railroad: New Bedford Massachusetts |url=https://npshistory.com/publications/nebe/brochures/underground-railroad2.pdf |website=The National Park Service |access-date=13 September 2024}}</ref> Bayin da ke zama kusa da koguna suna tserewa da jiragen ruwa ko ƙananan jirage (canoes). A shekara ta 1855, Mary Meachum, mace Baƙar fata mai 'yanci, ta ƙoƙarta taimaka wa bayi takwas ko tara su tsere daga bauta ta kogin Mississippi kusa da St. Louis, Missouri zuwa jihar 'yanci ta Illinois. Don taimaka musu, akwai wasu Fararen fata da ke adawa da bauta da kuma wani jagora Baƙar fata daga Illinois da ake kira "Freeman." Amma tserewar ba ta yi nasara ba saboda labari ya isa hannun ‘yan sanda da masu kamo bayi waɗanda suka jira a gabar Illinois. Breckenridge, Burrows da Meachum sun shiga hannu. Kafin wannan ƙoƙarin, Mary Meachum da mijinta John, wanda tsohon bawa ne, wakilai ne na Underground Railroad kuma sun taimaka wa wasu bayi tserewa ta ketaren kogin Mississippi.<ref>{{cite web |title=Slave Stampedes on the Southern Borderlands |url=https://housedivided.dickinson.edu/sites/stampedes/meachum-1855/ |website=National Park Service Network to Freedom |date=June 20, 2019 |publisher=Dickson College |access-date=9 September 2024}}</ref> [[File:Underground Railroad Handbook.jpg|thumb|Bayin da ke kusa da koguna da gabar Chesapeake Bay sun tsere daga bauta ta amfani da ƙananan jirage da manyan jiragen ruwa.]] Hanyoyi sau da yawa ana ware su da nufin ruɗar masu bin sawu. Yawancin masu gudu mutum ɗaya ne ko ƙanana; wani lokaci akwai guduwa da yawa a lokaci guda, kamar yadda ya faru da jirgin Pearl. Tafiyar yawanci tana da wahala kuma haɗari, musamman ga mata da yara. Yara wani lokaci ba su iya yin shiru ko bin saurin tafiya ba. Haka kuma, mata bayi ba su da izinin fita daga gonar, wanda hakan ya sa musu wahala fiye da maza wajen tserewa.<ref>{{cite journal| last1=Blackett| first1=Richard| s2cid=154049844| title=The Underground Railroad and the Struggle Against Slavery| journal=History Workshop Journal| date=October 2014| volume=78| issue=1| page=279| doi=10.1093/hwj/dbu012}}</ref> Duk da haka, wasu mata sun samu nasarar tserewa. Daya daga cikin fitattun "ma’aikata" da suka shahara wajen ceton bayi ita ce Harriet Tubman, wadda kanta ta tsere daga bauta.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.csmonitor.com/2004/0120/p19s02-bogn.html |title=The most famous abductor on the Underground Railroad |last=Wellington |first=Darryl Lorenzo |date=January 20, 2004 |work=Christian Science Monitor |access-date=January 9, 2012 |archive-date=September 7, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180907110326/https://www.csmonitor.com/2004/0120/p19s02-bogn.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/underground-railroad|title=Underground Railroad – Black History |website=history.com|access-date=August 1, 2017|archive-date=December 15, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181215130905/https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/underground-railroad|url-status=live}}</ref> Saboda haɗarin a gano su, bayanai game da hanyoyi da wuraren ɓoye ana watsa su ne ta baki, ko da yake a shekarar 1896 an ambaci amfani da lambobi a matsayin sirrin saƙonni. Jaridun Kudancin Amurka a lokacin sun cika da tallace-tallace da ke neman bayani kan bayi da suka tsere tare da alƙawarin lada mai yawa ga duk wanda ya kamo su ya mayar. Masu aikin gwamnati na Tarayya da kuma masu farauta na kudi da ake kira masu kamo bayi sun bi masu neman 'yanci har zuwa iyakar Amurka da Kanada.{{sfn|Potter|1976|p=133}} Masu neman 'yanci (bayi da suka tsere) suna tara abinci, kamun kifi, da farautar namun daji don samun abinci a tafiyarsu ta Underground Railroad. Da wadannan kayan abinci, suna dafa abinci cikin tukunya ɗaya (stew), wanda hanya ce ta girki daga Afirka ta Yamma. Bayin da ke da 'yanci da waɗanda ke cikin bauta suna barin abinci a gaban ƙofofinsu don ciyar da masu gudu. Wadannan abinci da aka ƙirƙira a Underground Railroad sun zama wani ɓangare na al'adun girki na Baƙar fata a Amurka da ake kira *soul food*.<ref>{{cite news |title=Soul Food Got Its Start From Freedom Seekers Surviving Off The Land |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/pittsburgh/news/soul-food-freedom-seekers-surviving-off-the-land/ |access-date=20 June 2024 |agency=CBS News |date=2022}}</ref> == Maroons == [[File:Maroons preparing to ambush a convoy.jpg|thumb|Maroons]] Yawancin masu neman 'yanci da suka tsere daga bauta ba su samu taimako daga masu kawar da bauta ba. Ko da yake akwai labarai na bakaken fata da fararen fata masu kawar da bauta da suka taimaka wa masu neman 'yanci wajen tserewa, yawancin 'yan gudun hijira sun yi hakan ba tare da taimako ba.<ref name="auto2"/><ref name="NPS What Is" /> Wani hanyar tserewa da masu neman 'yanci suka bi shi ne shiga cikin al'ummomin maroons. Al'ummomin maroons wurare ne masu ɓoye, kamar rafi da ƙwarkwata, inda bayi da suka tsere suka gina al'ummomin kansu masu zaman kansu. Misalan irin waɗannan wuraren a Amurka sun haɗa da al'ummomin Black Seminoles a Florida, da kuma waɗanda suka zauna a cikin Great Dismal Swamp na Virginia da cikin Okefenokee swamp na Georgia da Florida, da sauran su.{{sfn|Hudson|2015|pp=143–144}}<ref name="NPS Telling Stories">{{cite web |title=The Underground Railroad in American History |url=https://www.nps.gov/subjects/tellingallamericansstories/upload/UndergroundRailroad.pdf |website=National Park Service |access-date=22 September 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240930211640/https://www.nps.gov/subjects/tellingallamericansstories/upload/UndergroundRailroad.pdf |archive-date=2024-09-30 }}</ref> A shekarun 1780, Louisiana ta kasance da wata al'umma ta maroons a bayou na Saint Malo. Shugaban wannan al'umma shi ne Jean Saint Malo, wani mai neman 'yanci da ya tsere ya zauna tare da sauran bayi da suka tsere a cikin rafuka da bayou. Yawan mutanen al'ummar maroons ya kai hamsin, amma gwamnatin mallaka ta Spain ta tarwatsa wannan al'umma, kuma a ranar 19 ga Yuni, 1784, Jean Saint Malo aka kashe.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Allen |first1=Diane |title=Living Freedom Through the Maroon Landscape |url=https://placesjournal.org/article/the-maroon-communities-and-landscapes-of-louisiana/ |journal=Places Journal |date=2022 |issue=2022 |doi=10.22269/220922 |access-date=19 September 2024|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Palmer |first1=Lue |title=Juneteenth & Jean Saint Malo: How New Orleans is celebrating justice and freedom on June 19 |url=https://veritenews.org/2023/06/15/juneteenth-jean-saint-malo/#:~:text=According%20to%20Creole%20legend%2C%20Jean,against%20French%20and%20Spanish%20slaveholders. |access-date=19 September 2024 |agency=Verite News |date=2023}}</ref> Ƙasar mallaka ta South Carolina ita ma tana da al'ummomi na maroons a yankin rafi da ƙwarkwata musamman a South Carolina Lowcountry da kusa da rafuka. Bayi da suka tsere a South Carolina sun yi gwagwarmayar kare 'yancinsu a Ashepoo a 1816, a cikin Williamsburg County a 1819, a Georgetown a 1820, a Jacksonborough a 1822, da kusa da Marion a 1861. Tarihi ya nuna cewa akwai akalla al'ummomi hamsin na maroons a Amurka tsakanin 1672 da 1864.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Fitzgerald |first1=Catherine |title=Maroons |url=https://www.scencyclopedia.org/sce/entries/maroons/#:~:text=The%20typical%20South%20Carolina%20maroon,away%20more%20on%20their%20own. |website=South Carolina Encyclopedia |publisher=University of South Carolina, Institute for Southern Studies |access-date=22 September 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Silkenat |first1=David |title=An Inhospitable Refuge |url=https://academic.oup.com/book/41417/chapter-abstract/352738020?redirectedFrom=fulltext |website=Oxford Academic |date=2022 |pages=123–148 |doi=10.1093/oso/9780197564226.003.0007 |isbn=978-0-19-756422-6 |access-date=22 September 2024}}</ref> Tarihin maroons ya nuna irin yadda bayi da aka bautar suka ƙi bauta ta hanyar rayuwa a cikin al'ummomi na 'yanci. Masanin binciken tarihi Dan Sayer ya ce masu tarihin sukan rage darajar irin wannan al'umma kuma su fi ba wa fararen fata da suka taimaka a hanyar Underground Railroad daraja, wanda ya ce yana nuna son kai na launin fata, yana nuna "...ɓoyewa na yarda da ƙarfi da ƙudurinsa na baƙi wajen gwagwarmayar samun yanci."<ref>{{cite web |title=Deep in the Swamps, Archaeologists Are Finding How Fugitive Slaves Kept Their Freedom |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/deep-swamps-archaeologists-fugitive-slaves-kept-freedom-180960122/ |website=Smithsonian Magazine |publisher=Smithsonian Institution |access-date=20 September 2024}}</ref> == Hanyoyin 'Yanci zuwa ƙasashen Indiyawan Asali == Tun daga zamanin mulkin mallaka har zuwa ƙarni na 19, al’ummomin Indiyawan Asali na Arewacin Amurka sun taimaka kuma sun kare bayi bakaken fata masu neman 'yanci. <ref name="auto1">{{cite news |title=The Indigenous connection to the Underground Railroad |url=https://www.cbc.ca/radio/unreserved/what-happens-when-hidden-histories-become-a-national-conversation-1.6059520/the-indigenous-connection-to-the-underground-railroad-1.6061957 |access-date=10 September 2024 |agency=CBC |date=2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Uncovering Tribal Connections to the Underground Railroad |url=https://www.nps.gov/articles/000/tribal-ugrr-connections.htm |website=The National Park Service |access-date=10 September 2024}}</ref> Duk da haka, ba duk al’ummomin Indiyawa ba ne suka karɓi masu neman 'yanci, wasu daga cikinsu ma sun mallake su ko suka mayar da su hannun masu su na baya. <ref name="NPS Telling Stories"/> Tarihi ya nuna farkon irin wannan guduwa tun daga ƙarni na 16. A shekara ta 1526, Spaniyawa sun kafa wani yanki na mulkin mallaka a gabar ƙasar Amurka da suka kira San Miguel de Gualdape. Bayin bakaken fata sun tayar da hankali kuma tarihin ya nuna sun gudu zuwa cikin ƙabilar Shakori. <ref name="auto"/><ref>{{cite news |last1=Brockell |first1=Gillian |title=Before 1619, there was 1526: The mystery of the first enslaved Africans in what became the United States |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/history/2019/09/07/before-there-was-mystery-first-enslaved-africans-what-became-us/ |access-date=18 September 2024 |agency=The Washington Post |date=2019}}</ref> Tun daga shekara ta 1689, bayin da suka tsere daga yankin South Carolina Lowcountry sun nemi mafaka a Spanish Florida. <ref name="Opala">{{cite book|chapter-url=https://www.yale.edu/glc/gullah/07.htm |first=Joseph A. |last=Opala |title=The Gullah: Rice, Slavery, and the Sierra Leone-American Connection – Website |chapter=Black Seminoles – Gullahs Who Escaped From Slavery |publisher=Yale University, Gilder Lehrman Center |access-date=2009-08-04 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090829221041/https://www.yale.edu/glc/gullah/07.htm |archive-date=2009-08-29 }}</ref> Ƙabilar Seminole sun karɓi gudun hijiran Gullah (yanzu ana kiran su Black Seminoles) cikin ƙasarsu. <ref>{{cite book |last1=Pressly |first1=Paul |title=A Southern Underground Railroad Black Georgians and the Promise of Spanish Florida and Indian Country |date=2024 |publisher=University of Georgia Press |isbn=9780820366326 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zjBQ0AEACAAJ}}</ref> Wannan hanya ce ta kudu ta hanyar "Underground Railroad" daga Georgia da Carolina zuwa Florida. A Arewacin Ohio a ƙarni na 18 da 19, ƙabilu uku na Indiyawan Asali — Shawnee, Ottawa, da Wyandot — sun taimaka wa masu gudun hijira daga bauta. Ƙabilar Ottawa sun karɓi masu neman 'yanci a garuruwansu. Wasu kuma sun kai su Fort Malden. A Upper Sandusky, Wyandot sun bayar da filin zaman gungu mai suna "Negro Town" na tsawon shekaru arba’in. <ref>{{cite book |last1=Finkinebine |first1=Roy |title=The Underground Railroad in "Indian Country": Northwest Ohio, 1795–1843 |date=2018 |publisher=University Press of Florida |pages=70–92 |doi=10.5744/florida/9780813056036.003.0004 |isbn=978-0-8130-5603-6 |url=https://academic.oup.com/florida-scholarship-online/book/14776/chapter-abstract/168992172?redirectedFrom=fulltext}}</ref> [[File:Beverly Image of Native Villages.jpg|thumb|Indiyawan Asali sun karɓi masu neman 'yanci cikin garuruwansu kuma suka raka su zuwa Kanada.]] A ƙarni na 18 da 19 a yankin Chesapeake Bay da Delaware, Ƙabilar Nanticoke sun ɓoye masu neman 'yanci a cikin garuruwansu. Nanticoke sun zauna a ƙananan garuruwa kusa da Kogin Pocomoke wanda ke fitowa daga Great Cypress Swamp a kudu da Sussex County, Delaware. Bayin da suka tsere sun samu mafaka a cikin dazuka, inda ruwan ya wanke warinsu don kada karnuka su iya binsu. Tun da wuri a ƙarni na 18, gungu masu hadin jini sun fara kafuwa. <ref>{{cite web |last1=Gould |first1=Bill |title=Delmarva Native Americans and the earliest Underground Railroad |url=https://nativeamericansofdelawarestate.com/Delmarva_Indians_&_Underground_Railroad.htm |website=Native Americans of Delaware State |access-date=10 September 2024}}</ref><ref name="auto3"/> A Maryland, masu gudun hijira sun tsere zuwa garuruwan Shawnee da ke kusa da Kogin Potomac. Masu bayi a Virginia da Maryland sun shigar da ƙorafe-ƙorafe da karar ƙabilun Shawnee da Nanticoke saboda ɓoyewa da kare masu gudun hijira. <ref>{{cite web |title=What is the Underground Railroad and why did it exist here? |url=https://msa.maryland.gov/megafile/msa/speccol/sc5300/sc5339/000113/011000/011364/unrestricted/20090253e.pdf |website=Maryland State Government |access-date=15 September 2024}}</ref> Ƙabilar Odawa suma sun karɓi masu neman 'yanci, kuma sun mika su ga ƙabilar Ojibwe wadda ta raka su zuwa Kanada. <ref name="auto1"/> Wasu daga cikin masu gudun hijira sun zauna har abada a garuruwan Indiyawan. Wasu Fararen fata da suka isa Kentucky da yankin Ohio sun ruwaito ganin “Black Shawnees” suna rayuwa tare da ƙabilun Indiyawan a yammacin ƙasar. A lokacin mulkin mallaka a New Spain da ƙasar Seminole a Florida, auratayya tsakanin bakaken fata da Indiyawan ta kasance. {{sfn|Hudson|2015|p=155}}<ref>{{cite web |last1=Garrison |first1=Timothy A. |last2=Haefeli |first2=Evan |title=Native Americans and African Americans |url=https://oxfordaasc.com/display/10.1093/acref/9780195301731.001.0001/acref-9780195301731-e-44914 |website=Oxford African American Studies Center |access-date=11 September 2024}}</ref> == Kudanci zuwa Florida da Mexico == === Bayanin Asali === [[File:1888-view-Old Stone Fort-Harby-illus-American Magazine.jpg|thumb|"The Old Stone Fort na Nacogdoches", ta Lee C. Harby, ''The American Magazine'', Afrilu 1888]] Tun farkon ƙarni na 16, 'yan Spain sun kawo bayi bakaken fata zuwa New Spain, ciki har da Mission Nombre de Dios a wurin da ya zama birnin St. Augustine a Spanish Florida. A cikin lokaci, ‘Afro‑Spaniards’ waɗanda suka samu 'yanci sun shiga sana’o’i daban‑daban kuma sun yi aiki a cikin sojojin ƙasar mulkin mallaka. <ref name="UTSA - AAT"/> Bayan Sarki Charles II na Spain ya bayyana Spanish Florida a matsayin mafakar yau da kullum ga bayi da suka tsere daga Britaniya a Arewacin Amurka, dubban mutane suka fara tserewa zuwa Florida har daga New York. A shekara ta 1738 an kafa Fort Mose domin Baƙar fata masu 'yanci a kusa da St. Augustine. A 1806, bayi sun isa Stone Fort a Nacogdoches, Texas suna neman 'yanci. Sun zo da fasfo na ƙarya daga alkalin Kentucky. Masu mulkin Spain sun ƙi mayar da su zuwa Amurka. A shekarar da ta biyo baya wasu suka bi ta Texas suna neman 'yanci. <ref name="Barnes"/> Bayi suna samun 'yanci ta hanyar ketare iyaka daga Amurka zuwa Mexico, wadda har ƙarni na 19 ta kasance mulkin mallaka ta Spain. A Amurka bayi ana ɗaukar su dukiya, ba su da 'yancin yin aure, ana iya sayar da su daban da abokan rayuwarsu, kuma ba su da kariya daga azabtarwa mai tsauri. A New Spain, waɗanda suka tsere ana ɗauke su a matsayin ɗan adam: ana ba su damar shiga coci Katolika, yin aure, kuma ana kare su daga azabtarwa. <ref name="Barnes"/> A yakin 1812, Janar Andrew Jackson na sojin Amurka ya kutsa cikin Spanish Florida saboda wasu bayi sun tsere daga gonaki a Carolinas da Georgia zuwa Florida. Wasu daga cikin waɗanda suka tsere sun shiga cikin Black Seminoles waɗanda daga baya suka koma Mexico. <ref name="Barnes"/> Amma Mexico ta ba da sigina guda biyu game da matsayin ta na yakin da bauta: wani lokaci tana mayar da bayi zuwa masoyansu kuma tana ba Amurkawa damar shiga yankin mulkin Spain don zama a ƙasar arewa, inda za su kafa gonakin auduga tare da kentara bayi su yi aiki. <ref name="Barnes"/> A 1829, shugaban Mexico Vicente Guerrero (wanda ya kasance Baƙar fata mai haɗin jini) ya ayyana bauta ta zama haram a Mexico. Wannan ya sa masu neman 'yanci daga gonaki a Deep South — musamman daga Louisiana, Mississippi da Texas — su tsere zuwa Mexico. <ref name="Barnes"/> A lokacin Texas na ƙarƙashin mulkin Mexico. Juyin Texas na 1836, wanda aka fara domin ya halalta bauta, ya haifar da kafa Jamhuriyar Texas. Bayan yakin San Jacinto, wasu bayi sun bar Houston tare da sojin Mexico, suna kallon rundunar a matsayin hanyar tserewa. Lokacin da Texas ta shiga Tarayyar Amurka a 1845, ta kasance jihar bauta kuma Kogin Rio Grande ya zama iyaka da Mexico. <ref name="Barnes"/> Tasirin tsakanin jihohin 'yanci da na bauta ya ƙaru yayin da Mexico ta haramta bauta kuma jihohi na yamma suka shiga Tarayya a matsayin jihohi masu 'yanci. Yayin da ƙarin jihohi masu 'yanci ke shigowa Tarayya, ƙarfin wakilan jihohin bauta a Majalisa ya ragu. <ref name="Barnes"/> === Jihohin bauta da masu farauta === Underground Railroad ta Kudanci ta bi ta jihohin bauta, tare da rashin kungiyar masu adawa da bauta da tsarin da ya shirya kamar na Arewacin Amurka. Mutanen da suka yi magana game da rashin daidaito suna fuskantar tarwatsa su, duka, ko ratayewa. Masu kamo bayi suna neman bayi da suka tsere. A Texas babu yawan ‘yanci Baƙar fata, wanda ya sa mutanen waɗannan jinsin ba su ji daɗin zama a jihar ba. Hanyar samun 'yanci ba ta da tsari sosai, tana bazuwar, kuma haɗari. <ref name="Barnes"/> Rundunar sojin Amurka ta kafa sansanoni a gabar Rio Grande yayin yakin Amurka da Mexico na shekarun 1840, inda aka kama waɗanda suka tsere daga bauta a kowane hali aka mayar da su ga masoyansu. <ref name="Leanos"/><ref name="Grant"/> Dokar Fugitive Slave Act ta 1850 ta sanya laifi na tallafawa bayi masu tserewa har a cikin jihohin da suka 'yanci. Gwamnatin Amurka ma ta so sanya wata yarjejeniya da Mexico don taimaka wajen kama da mayar da bayi da suka tsere a ƙasar can. Sai dai Mexico ta ci gaba da bin tsarin da ke ba kowanne bawa da ya ketare iyakarta 'yanci. Duk da haka, masu kamo bayi sun ci gaba da ketare iyakar kudu zuwa Mexico suna damƙa Baƙar fata ba bisa ƙa'ida ba su maida su zuwa bauta. Wasu masu farauta sun zama Texas Rangers. <ref name="Leanos"/> == Hanyoyi == {{OSM Location map | width = 275 | height = 300 | float = right | coord = {{coord|29|-95}} | zoom = 5 | caption = Hanyoyi daga ƙasar Indiyawan (Oklahoma), Arkansas, da Louisiana ta hanyar Texas: 1) Dallas ko Nacogdoches zuwa Austin – San Antonio – Laredo, 2) Nacogdoches zuwa Houston – Galveston – jirgi zuwa Mexico, 3) Nacogdoches zuwa Houston – Matamoros{{sfn|Burnett|2021}} <!-- Labels continue as in original --> }} [[File:Brooklyn Museum - A Ride for Liberty -- The Fugitive Slaves - Eastman Johnson - overall.jpg|thumb|Eastman Johnson, A Ride for Liberty – The Fugitive Slaves, mannewar mai mai, 22 × 26.25 inci, {{circa|1862}}, Brooklyn Museum. Yana nuna iyali na 'yan asalin Afirka da ke gudu daga bautar da aka yi musu a Kudancin Amurka a lokacin Yaƙin Basasa na Amurka.]] Dubban masu neman 'yanci sun yi tafiya ta hanyar da ke haɗa Kudancin Amurka da Texas har zuwa Mexico.{{sfn|Contreras|2020b}} Bayin da ke Kudancin sun yi tafiya ta ƙasa mai tsauri da wahala a ƙafa ko da doki yayin da masu kama su ke bin sawunsu.{{sfn|Bird|2021}} Wasu sun ɓoye a cikin jirgin ruwa zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa na Mexico daga New Orleans, Louisiana da Galveston, Texas.{{sfn|Burnett|2021}} Wasu kuma sun tura auduga zuwa Brownsville, Texas a cikin keken doki sannan suka ƙetare zuwa Mexico a Matamoros.{{sfn|Burnett|2021}} {{Quote box|align=right|width=250px|Wani lokaci wani mutum zai zo kuma ya nemi mu gudu zuwa Arewa mu sami 'yanci. Mu dai sai dariya mu ke yi da hakan.|—Tsohon bawa Felix Haywood, an yi hira da shi a 1937 don aikin Federal Slave Narrative Project.{{sfn|Burnett|2021}}}} Mutane da dama sun bi hanyar North Carolina, Arkansas, Alabama, Louisiana, ko Mississippi zuwa Texas da ƙarshe Mexico.{{sfn|Little|2021}}{{sfn|Contreras|2020b}} Mutane sun tsere daga bautar daga ƙasar Indiyawan (yanzu Oklahoma).{{sfn|Burnett|2021}} Black Seminoles sun bi hanyar yamma daga Florida zuwa Mexico.{{sfn|Hudson|2015|p=147}} Tafiya ta ƙasa na nufin suna cin tazarar ƙarshe na mil 150 ta hanyar ƙasar da ke tsakanin Kogin Nueces da Kogin Rio Grande. Ba a samun inuwa sosai kuma babu ruwan sha mai kyau a wannan yankin.{{sfn|Bird|2021}}{{efn|A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, masu ƙetare ba bisa ƙa'ida ba sun mutu yayin wucewa wannan yanki, abin da aka gano ta ƙasusuwan da jami'an shige da fice suka samu.{{sfn|Burnett|2021}}}} Masu tsere sun fi samun damar tsira idan suna da doki da bindiga.{{sfn|Bird|2021}} Hukumar Al'adu ta Ƙasa ta gano wata hanya daga Natchitoches, Louisiana zuwa Monclova, Mexico a 2010 wanda ke daidai da hanyar ƙasa ta Kudu ta hanyar tsere daga bauta. Ana kuma yarda cewa El Camino Real de los Tejas ita ce hanya zuwa 'yanci. An ƙaddamar da ita a matsayin Hanyar Tarihi ta Ƙasa daga Shugaba George W. Bush a 2004.{{sfn|Contreras|2020b}} == Taimako == Wasu sun yi tafiyarsu ba tare da samun taimako ba, yayin da wasu suka sami goyon baya daga mutanen da ke kusa da hanyar ƙasa ta kudu.{{sfn|Little|2021}} Taimako ya haɗa da jagoranci, hanyoyi, mafaka, da kayan amfanin yau da kullum.{{sfn|Bird|2021}} Mutanen bakar fata, ma’aurata fararen fata da bakar fata, da waɗanda ke adawa da bautar bayi daga ƙasar Jamus sun bayar da tallafi, amma yawancin taimakon ya fi fitowa daga ma’aikatan ƙasar Mexico.{{sfn|Bird|2021}}{{sfn|Contreras|2020b}} Hakan ya sa masu bautar bayi suka daina yarda da duk wani ɗan ƙasar Mexico, har ma aka kafa dokar da ta haramta wa ‘yan ƙasar Mexico yin magana da bayi a Texas.{{sfn|Burnett|2021}} Ma’aikatan ƙasar Mexico da ke yin ƙaura sun ƙulla dangantaka da bayin bakar fata da suke aiki tare da su. Sun ba da shawara, kamar yadda za a tsallaka iyaka, da kuma juyayi. Bayan an fahimci yadda ‘yan ƙasar Mexico ke taimaka wa bayin su gudu, masu bayi da mutanen garuruwa a Texas sun kore su daga garuruwa, suna dukan su a bainar jama’a ko kuma su kashe su.{{sfn|Bird|2021}}{{sfn|Contreras|2020b}} Wasu jami’an iyaka sun taimaka wa bayin da ke tsallaka zuwa Mexico. A cikin Monclova, Mexico wani jami’in iyaka ya tara gudunmawa a cikin gari don iyali da ke bukatar abinci, tufafi da kuɗi don ci gaba da tafiyarsu zuwa kudu da kuma kauce wa masu farautar bayi.<ref name="Leanos" /> Bayan sun tsallaka iyakar, wasu hukumomin ƙasar Mexico sun taimaka wa tsoffin bayi don kada a dawo da su Amurka.{{sfn|Burnett|2021}} Masu neman ‘yanci da aka ɗauka a kan jiragen ruwa zuwa tashoshin ƙasar Mexico sun samu taimako daga matukan jiragen ruwa na Mexico, inda ɗayansu aka kama shi a Louisiana aka gurfanar da shi saboda taimaka wa bayin su gudu.{{sfn|Crable|2021}} Saboda sanin sakamakon guduwa ko taimaka wa wanda ke guduwa, mutane sun yi taka tsantsan wajen ɓoye shaidar abubuwan da suka aikata, kuma bayanai na jama’a da na mutum ɗaya game da bayi masu guduwa suna da ƙaranci. Mafi yawan bayanan da ake da su sun fito ne daga waɗanda suka tallafa wa bautar bayi ko kuma suka yi ƙoƙari su kama bayin da suka gudu. Fiye da guda 2,500 na guduwa sun samu rubutu a cikin aikin Binciken Bayin da suka Gudu na Texas da ke Jami’ar Stephen F. Austin State.{{sfn|Bird|2021}} == Masu neman 'yanci daga Kudu == [[File:Tom Blue, General Sam Houston's bodyguard.jpg|thumb|Tom Blue, wanda Janar Sam Houston ya bautar, ya gudu ya shiga sojin Mexico.]] An saka talla a cikin jaridu suna bayar da lada don dawo da "dukiyarsu". Masu kama bayi sun yi tafiya ta cikin Mexico. Akwai Black Seminoles, ko Los Mascogos, da suka zauna a arewacin Mexico, waɗanda suka bayar da kariya da makamai.{{sfn|Contreras|2020b}} Sam Houston, shugaban Jamhuriyar Texas, shi ne mai bawa Tom wanda ya gudu. Ya nufi Texas, inda ya shiga cikin sojin Mexico.{{sfn|Little|2018}} Wani bawa an yi masa tambari da harafin "R" a bangarorin biyu na kumatunsa bayan ya kasa guduwa daga bauta. Ya sake kokarin guduwa a lokacin hunturu na 1819, inda ya bar gonar auduga ta wanda ke bautar da shi yana kan doki. Tare da wasu hudu, sun yi tafiya zuwa kudu maso yamma zuwa Mexico suna fuskantar barazana daga Indiyawan Asali masu tsanani, masu kama bayi, ko kuma kada masu cin doki.{{sfn|Crable|2021}} Mutane da dama ba su kai Mexico ba. A shekara ta 1842, wani Balarabe dan Mexico da wata Baƙar mace sun bar Jackson County, Texas a kan doki biyu, amma an kama su a Lavaca River.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Hammack |first1=María |title=Love In Times of Texas Slavery |url=https://notevenpast.org/love-in-the-time-of-texas-slavery/ |website=Not Even Past |date=June 5, 2019 |publisher=Department of History, University of Texas at Austin |access-date=13 August 2021 |archive-date=August 13, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210813212021/https://notevenpast.org/love-in-the-time-of-texas-slavery/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Matar, wadda aka bautar, ta kasance mai daraja ga maigidanta don haka aka mayar da ita cikin bauta. Mijinta, mai yiwuwa ma'aikacin gona ko kuma wanda aka ɗaure ya yi aiki, aka kashe shi nan take.{{sfn|Bird|2021}} Bayin da suka gudu sun canja sunayensu a Mexico. Sun auri dangin Mexico, sannan suka koma gindin kudancin iyakar Amurka da Mexico. Duk waɗannan abubuwan sun sa wahala a gano inda tsoffin bayi suka je.{{sfn|Contreras|2020b}} Wani kundin bayanai a Stephen F. Austin State University yana da tarihin tallace-tallacen bayin da suka gudu a matsayin wani ɓangare na Aikin Bayin Gudun Hijira na Texas. Works Progress Administration a lokacin Babban Rikici (Great Depression) ya ƙaddamar da Federal Writers' Project don ɗaukar tarihin bayin da suka gudu, ciki har da waɗanda suka zauna a Mexico. Daya daga cikinsu shi ne Felix Haywood, wanda ya samu 'yanci lokacin da ya ketare Rio Grande.{{sfn|Contreras|2020b}} == Tashoshin Rio Grande == Iyalai biyu, Webbers da Jacksons, sun zauna kusa da kogin Rio Grande kuma suna taimaka wa mutane su tsere daga bauta. Maza sun kasance fararen fata kuma matansu bakake ne waɗanda aka taɓa bautar da su.{{sfn|Contreras|2020b}} Ba a san ko Nathaniel Jackson ya sayi 'yancin Matilda Hicks da iyalinta ba, amma a farkon shekarun 1860 sun koma ƙaramar hukumar Hidalgo, inda suka zauna tare a matsayin iyali. Shi farar fata ne daga kudu kuma ita kuwa bayya ce, waɗanda suka fara soyayya tun suna yara a Alabama.{{sfn|Contreras|2020b}} Shi ɗan uban gidanta ne,{{sfn|Little|2021}} wanda ya taimaka wa wasu iyalai guda bakwai a shekarar 1857 da wasu su ketara zuwa Mexico.{{sfn|Bird|2021}} Silvia Hector Webber an haife ta cikin bauta a West Florida, kuma a shekarar 1819 aka sayar da ita ga wani mai bayi a Clark County, Arkansas. Ɗan mai bayi, John Cryer, ya kawo Silvia zuwa Mexico Texas a 1828 ba bisa ƙa’ida ba, shekara huɗu bayan da Mexico ta haramta safarar bayi zuwa ƙasarta. Silvia, da taimakon John Webber, ta samu takardun 'yanci na kanta da 'ya'yanta uku a shekarar 1834.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Hammack |first1=María Esther |chapter=Silvia Hector Webber |title=Handbook of Texas |publisher=Texas State Historical Association |date=Spring 2020 |chapter-url=https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/webber-sylvia-hector-aunt-puss |access-date=13 August 2021 |archive-date=July 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210710234324/https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/webber-sylvia-hector-aunt-puss |url-status=live }}</ref> Silvia da John sun zauna tare suna rayuwa cikin ƙiyayya da bauta kuma sau da yawa suna ɓoye waɗanda ke tserewa daga bauta a gidajensu da gonarsu. Silvia ta shahara da jigilar masu neman 'yanci ta jirgin ruwa daga gonarta zuwa 'yanci a Mexico.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Hammack |first1=Maria |title=Silvia Hector Webber |url=https://mariaestherhammack.me/publications-publicaciones/silvia-hector-webber/ |website=mariaesteherhammack.me |date=January 31, 2021 |publisher=Maria Hammack |access-date=13 August 2021 |archive-date=August 13, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210813213329/https://mariaestherhammack.me/publications-publicaciones/silvia-hector-webber/ |url-status=live }}</ref> John Ferdinand Webber, wanda aka haifa a Vermont, ya zauna a kusa da Rio Grande tare da matarsa, Silvia Hector Webber,{{sfn|Contreras|2020b}} kuma sun shahara da taimaka wa bayi tserewa ketare Rio Grande.{{sfn|Bird|2021}} Jacksons da Webbers, waɗanda dukkansu suna da lasisin jirgin ruwa, sun shahara sosai a cikin masu tserewa daga bauta.{{sfn|Burnett|2021}} == Zuwa Mexico == Bayin da suka tsere suka isa Mexico suna rayuwa da sanin cewa masu kama bayi na iya sace su ba bisa doka ba ko kuma blackbirders.{{sfn|Bird|2021}} Masu kamun bayi da suka yi ƙoƙarin sace tsofaffin bayi daga Mexico za a iya gurfanar da su a kotu ko a harbe su.{{sfn|Crable|2021}} Babu wani babban taimako daga sabbin al'ummominsu kuma babu damammaki da yawa na aiki. Ba su da takardun hukuma da ke nuna cewa su 'yan iska ne.{{sfn|Bird|2021}} Amma sun iya shiga cikin kwangilar aiki na tilas da kuma shiga cikin sansanonin soja.{{sfn|Crable|2021}} Wasu mutane, bayan sun zauna a Mexico, sun koma Amurka don taimaka wa 'yan uwansu tserewa da kuma shiryar da su zuwa Mexico.{{sfn|Crable|2021}} == Koloniyoyi == Wasu masu adawa da bauta daga arewacin Amurka sun roƙi gwamnatin Mexico da ta kafa koloniyoyi don bakaken fata 'yan iska da waɗanda suka tsere daga bauta. Benjamin Lundy, wani Quaker, ya yi ƙoƙarin ganin an kafa wata koloni a inda yanzu ake kira Texas a farkon shekarun 1830, amma hakan bai samu ba domin Texas ta halatta bauta lokacin da ta balle daga Mexico ta zama Jamhuriyar Texas (1836).{{sfn|Little|2021}} Black Seminoles sun samu nasarar roƙon fili kuma suka kafa koloni a shekarar 1852. Har yanzu zuriyarsu ke da mallakar wannan ƙasa.{{sfn|Little|2021}} === Bincike na Ilimi === [[File:Galveston Weekly News from May 11, 1858. "$25 Reward.jpg|thumb|Lambar lada $25 don Tom, ''Galveston Weekly News'' daga Mayu 11, 1858]] Aikin Binciken Bayin da suka Tsere a Texas, wanda ke Nacogdoches a Jami’ar Stephen F. Austin State, ya binciko tallace-tallacen neman bayin da suka tsere da suka fito a cikin fiye da jaridu 19,000 daga tsakiyar ƙarni na 19.{{sfn|Burnett|2021}} Alice L. Baumgartner ta yi bincike kan yawan mutanen da suka tsere daga bauta daga jihohin kudu zuwa Mexico. Ta wallafa littafi mai taken *South to Freedom: Runaway Slaves to Mexico and the Road to the Civil War*.<ref name="Barnes" /> Thomas Mareite ya kammala digirin digirgir a Jami’ar Leiden kan ƙwarewar zamantakewa da siyasa na bayin da suka tsere daga Kudancin Amurka zuwa Mexico, mai taken *Conditional Freedom: Free Soil and Fugitive Slaves from the U.S. South to Mexico's Northeast, 1803–1861*.<ref>Mareite, Thomas, ''Conditional Freedom: Free Soil and Fugitive Slaves from the US South to Mexico's Northeast, 1803–1861'' (PhD Diss., Leiden University, 2020) https://scholarlypublications.universiteitleiden.nl/handle/1887/85166 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220307090353/https://scholarlypublications.universiteitleiden.nl/handle/1887/85166 |date=March 7, 2022 }}</ref> Roseann Bacha-Garza, daga Jami’ar Texas Rio Grande Valley, ta shugabanci ayyukan binciken tarihi da arkeoloji kuma ta yi nazari kan yawan bayin da suka tsere zuwa Mexico.<ref name="Leanos" />{{sfn|Contreras|2020a}} Mekala Audain ta kuma wallafa babi mai taken "A Scheme to Desert: The Louisiana Purchase and Freedom Seekers in the Louisiana-Texas Borderlands, 1804–1806" a cikin littafin *In Search of Liberty: African American Internationalism in the Nineteenth-Century Atlantic World.*<ref>{{cite book |last1=Johnson |first1=Angelo |title=In Search of Liberty: African American Internationalism in the Nineteenth-Century Atlantic World |date=2021 |publisher=University of Georgia Press |location=Athens}}</ref> Maria Esther Hammack ta kammala digirin digirgir a wannan fanni a shekarar 2021 a Jami’ar Texas a Austin.<ref name="Leanos" /> == Hanyoyin Yaƙin Juyin Juya Hali na Amurka (1775 zuwa 1783) == [[File:The underground rail road - a record of facts, authentic narratives, letters, &c., narrating the hardships, hair-breadth escapes, and death struggles of the slaves in their efforts for freedom, as (14757706931).jpg|thumb|Wasu bayin da suka tsere sun yi amfani da dawakin masu bautar da su.]] A lokacin Yaƙin Juyin Juya Hali na Amurka, bayin da aka bautar sun tsere daga bautar su zuwa wuraren sojojin Birtaniya, Canada, Florida, da ƙasashen Amaren Asali. Gwamnan ƙarshe na Birtaniya a Virginia, Lord Dunmore, ya ƙaddamar da wata sanarwa a shekarar 1775 domin raunana ‘yan mulkin mallaka ta hanyar bayar da 'yanci ga duk bayin da suka tsere daga iyayen gidajensu kuma suka shiga rundunar Birtaniya. Bisa ga wani rahoto daga PBS da Hukumar Kula da Filayen Kasa ta Amurka (NPS), wannan sanarwar ta sa kimanin mutane 100,000 masu neman 'yanci suka tsere yayin yaƙin. Hafsoshin sojojin mulkin mallaka na Amurka sun karɓi korafe-korafe da dama na neman maidowa bayin da suka tsere. A watan Nuwamba 1775, Dunmore ya kafa rundunar soja mai mutane 300 daga cikin masu neman 'yanci a North Carolina da ake kira "Ethiopian Regiment." A Virginia, mutane 800 suka shiga wannan runduna.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Fitzgibbons |first1=Ellen |title=Dunmore's Ethiopian Regiment |url=https://www.ncpedia.org/dunmores-ethiopian-regiment#:~:text=In%20November%201775%20Dunmore%2C%20who,as%20%22Dunmore's%20Ethiopian%20Regiment.%22 |website=Encyclopedia of North Carolina |access-date=11 September 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Allen |first1=Kathryn |last2=Shuck-Hall |first2=Sheri |title=The Ethiopian Regiment and the Fight for Independence |url=https://www.explorehistorycnu.org/2024/02/22/the-ethiopian-regiment-and-the-fight-for-independence/ |website=Christopher Newport University's |date=February 22, 2024 |access-date=11 September 2024}}</ref> ‘Yan mulkin mallaka na Amurka sun yi ƙoƙarin hana masu neman 'yanci shiga rundunar Birtaniya ta hanyar aika masu sa ido don cafke masu tserewa, da wallafa jaridu da ra’ayoyi da ke nuna cewa Birtaniya ba za ta cika alkawarin bayar da 'yanci ba.{{sfn|PBS}} Dubban bakaken fata – bayin da ‘yan 'yanci – sun yi yaƙi tare da Birtaniya domin samun 'yanci kuma an san su da suna Black Loyalists. Wadanda suka yi shekara ɗaya a rundunar Birtaniya sun samu Takardar 'Yanci kuma an kaisu zuwa yankunan Birtaniya a yankin Caribbean kamar Bahamas da Jamaica, yayin da wasu aka kai su Arewa zuwa Canada.<ref>{{cite web |title=Harry Washington |url=https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/1bbc314b54da43d99dd890e3b3f4b0c5 |website=Underground Railroad Network to Freedom |date=February 13, 2024 |publisher=The National Park Service |access-date=19 September 2024}}</ref> Daga shekarar 1783 zuwa 1785, bayin da aka 'yantar da kuma bakaken fata 'yan 'yanci su 3,000 sun zauna a mulkin Birtaniya na Nova Scotia, Canada.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Oyeniran |first1=Channon |title=Black Loyalists in British North America |url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/black-loyalists-in-british-north-america |website=The Canadian Encyclopedia |access-date=16 September 2024}}</ref> Wasu kuma sun tsere suka shiga cikin sojojin Continental Army ko kuma dakarun ‘yanci na Amurka. Wadanda suka yi yaƙi a cikin rundunar Amurka ana kiransu da suna Black Patriots, kuma wasu daga cikinsu sun samu 'yanci sakamakon hidimarsu. Wasu kuma sun yi amfani da dawakin masu bautar da su wajen guduwa daga bauta yayin yaƙin.<ref>{{cite web |title=Runaways 1740–1783 |url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part2/2p17.html#:~:text=An%20estimated%20100%2C000%20took%20advantage,slaves%20in%20one%20year%20alone. |website=Africans in America |publisher=PBS |access-date=9 September 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Freedom Denied? Enslaved Soldiers During the Revolution |url=https://www.nps.gov/fost/blogs/freedom-denied-enslaved-soldiers-during-the-revolution.htm |website=Fort Stanwix National Monument |publisher=The National Park Service |access-date=11 September 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Ayres |first1=Edward |title=African Americans and the American Revolution |url=https://www.jyfmuseums.org/learn/research-and-collections/essays/african-americans-and-the-american-revolution |website=American Revolution Museum at Yorktown |access-date=11 September 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The Revolutionary War |url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part2/2narr4.html |website=Africans in America |publisher=PBS |access-date=11 September 2024}}</ref> == Hanyoyin Yaƙin Juyin Juya Hali na Amurka (1775 zuwa 1783) == [[File:The underground rail road - a record of facts, authentic narratives, letters, &c., narrating the hardships, hair-breadth escapes, and death struggles of the slaves in their efforts for freedom, as (14757706931).jpg|thumb|Wasu bayin da suka tsere sun yi amfani da dawakin masu bautar da su.]] A lokacin Yaƙin Juyin Juya Hali na Amurka, bayin da aka bautar sun tsere daga bautar su zuwa wuraren sojojin Birtaniya, Canada, Florida, da ƙasashen Amaren Asali. Gwamnan ƙarshe na Birtaniya a Virginia, Lord Dunmore, ya tsara wata sanarwa a shekarar 1775 domin raunana ‘yan mulkin mallaka ta hanyar bayar da 'yanci ga bayin da suka tsere daga iyayen gidajensu na mulkin mallaka kuma suka shiga rundunar Birtaniya. Bisa ga rahoton PBS da Hukumar Filayen Kasa ta Amurka, wannan sanarwar ta haifar da kusan mutane 100,000 masu neman 'yanci da suka tsere yayin yaƙin. Hafsoshin mulkin mallaka na Amurka sun karɓi ƙorafe-ƙorafe da yawa na neman maidowa bayin da suka tsere. A watan Nuwamba na shekarar 1775, Dunmore ya kafa wata rundunar soja mai mutum 300 daga cikin masu neman 'yanci a North Carolina mai suna "Ethiopian Regiment." A Virginia, mutane 800 sun shiga wannan runduna. <ref>{{cite web |last1=Fitzgibbons |first1=Ellen |title=Dunmore's Ethiopian Regiment |url=https://www.ncpedia.org/dunmores-ethiopian-regiment#:~:text=In%20November%201775%20Dunmore%2C%20who,as%20%22Dunmore's%20Ethiopian%20Regiment.%22 |website=Encyclopedia of North Carolina |access-date=11 September 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Allen |first1=Kathryn |last2=Shuck-Hall |first2=Sheri |title=The Ethiopian Regiment and the Fight for Independence |url=https://www.explorehistorycnu.org/2024/02/22/the-ethiopian-regiment-and-the-fight-for-independence/ |website=Christopher Newport University's |date=February 22, 2024 |access-date=11 September 2024}}</ref> 'Yan mulkin mallaka na Amurka sun yi ƙoƙarin hana masu neman 'yanci shiga rundunar Birtaniya ta hanyar aika da masu sintiri don cafke masu tserewa, da kuma wallafa jaridu da ra’ayoyi da ke nuna cewa Birtaniya ba za ta cika alkawarin bayar da 'yanci ba. Dubban bakaken fata masu 'yanci da bayin da suka tsere sun yi yaƙi tare da Birtaniya da fatan samun 'yanci, kuma an san su da suna Black Loyalists. Wadanda suka yi wa Birtaniya hidima tsawon shekara guda sun samu Takardar 'Yanci kuma an kaisu yankunan Birtaniya na Caribbean kamar Bahamas da Jamaica, wasu kuma an kaisu Canada. <ref>{{cite web |title=Harry Washington |url=https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/1bbc314b54da43d99dd890e3b3f4b0c5 |website=Underground Railroad Network to Freedom |date=February 13, 2024 |publisher=The National Park Service |access-date=19 September 2024}}</ref> Daga 1783 zuwa 1785, bayin da aka 'yantar da kuma bakaken fata 'yan 'yanci 3,000 sun zauna a mulkin Birtaniya na Nova Scotia, Canada. <ref>{{cite web |last1=Oyeniran |first1=Channon |title=Black Loyalists in British North America |url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/black-loyalists-in-british-north-america |website=The Canadian Encyclopedia |access-date=16 September 2024}}</ref> Wasu bayin kuma sun tsere suka shiga cikin rundunar Continental Army ko dakarun ‘yanci. Wadanda suka yi yaƙi a cikin rundunar Amurka ana kiransu da suna Black Patriots, kuma wasu daga cikinsu sun samu 'yanci ta hanyar hidimarsu. Wasu bayin da suka tsere sun yi amfani da wannan yaƙi a matsayin dama ta guduwa da dawakin masu bautar da su. <ref>{{cite web |title=Runaways 1740–1783 |url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part2/2p17.html#:~:text=An%20estimated%20100%2C000%20took%20advantage,slaves%20in%20one%20year%20alone. |website=Africans in America |publisher=PBS |access-date=9 September 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Freedom Denied? Enslaved Soldiers During the Revolution |url=https://www.nps.gov/fost/blogs/freedom-denied-enslaved-soldiers-during-the-revolution.htm |website=Fort Stanwix National Monument |publisher=The National Park Service |access-date=11 September 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Ayres |first1=Edward |title=African Americans and the American Revolution |url=https://www.jyfmuseums.org/learn/research-and-collections/essays/african-americans-and-the-american-revolution |website=American Revolution Museum at Yorktown |access-date=11 September 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The Revolutionary War |url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part2/2narr4.html |website=Africans in America |publisher=PBS |access-date=11 September 2024}}</ref> == Hanyoyin Yaƙin 1812 == [[File:William Williams Black Soldier U.S. Army War of 1812.jpg|thumb|William Williams bawan da ya tsere ne kuma soja bakar fata a Rundunar Sojin Amurka a lokacin Yaƙin 1812.<ref>{{cite web |title=William Williams |url=https://www.nps.gov/people/william-williams.htm |website=Fort McHenry National Monument and Historic Shrine, Star-Spangled Banner National Historic Trail |publisher=The National Park Service |access-date=10 September 2024}}</ref>]] A lokacin Yaƙin 1812, bayin da suka kai 700 a jihar Maryland sun tsere daga bauta. <ref>{{cite web |title=African Americans and the War of 1812 |url=https://msa.maryland.gov/msa/mdstatehouse/war1812/html/afam_war.html#:~:text=Upwards%20of%20700%20slaves%20from,widow%20of%20Governor%20Benjamin%20Ogle. |website=The Maryland State Archives |access-date=10 September 2024}}</ref> Kafin yaƙin, masu neman 'yanci sun rika ketarawa zuwa yankin Michigan ta hanyar kogin Detroit River. Adadin bakaken fata da suka tsere zuwa wannan yanki ya ƙaru da lokaci. Gwamnan yankin, William Hull, ya bai wa wani bawa mai suna Peter Denison izinin kafa wata ƙungiyar dakarun bakaken fata 'yan 'yanci da bayin da suka tsere. An basu makamai kuma an horar da su, amma daga baya Hull ya rusa wannan runduna. Wasu daga cikin wadannan mutane sun tsere daga bauta ne a Birtaniya Canada. A ƙarni na 18, ana yin bauta a Canada, sai dai daga shekarar 1793 an fara hana ta, ko da yake wasu bakaken fata sun ci gaba da kasancewa a matsayin bayi. A ƙarshen ƙarni na 18 da farkon ƙarni na 19, hanyoyin masu neman 'yanci sun sauya daga kudu zuwa arewa daga Canada zuwa yankunan da ba a yarda da bauta ba a Amurka. Lokacin Yaƙin 1812, dokokin bauta a Canada sun hana ci gaba da bautar da mutane. Wannan ya sa masu neman 'yanci suka fara kallon Canada a matsayin wurin samun 'yanci. A lokacin bazarar shekarar 1812, Hull ya bayyana cewa bayin da suka tsere da bakaken fata a yankin Michigan 'yan ƙasa ne 'yantattu, kuma lokacin da yaƙi ya ɓarke da Birtaniya, bakaken fata a Michigan an ba su makamai don yaƙi. Bayan yaƙin, Peter Denison da iyalinsa sun bar Michigan suka koma arewa zuwa Canada. <ref>{{cite web |last1=Allen Smith |first1=Gene |title=The Underground Railroad of 1812: Paths to freedom along the Canadian border |url=https://www.nps.gov/articles/the-underground-railroad-changes-course.htm#:~:text=Yet%20by%20the%20end%20of,new%20Canadian%20land%20of%20freedom. |website=The National Park Service |access-date=10 September 2024}}</ref> == 'Yan Hijira Bakaken Fata == A watan Afrilu na shekarar 1814, Rundunar Sojin Birtaniya ta yi alkawarin bayar da 'yanci ga bakaken fata da aka bautar a Amurka waɗanda suka shiga rundunar Birtaniya ko suka zabi zama a cikin yankunan Birtaniya. A yankin Chesapeake na Virginia da Maryland da kuma yankunan bakin teku na Georgia, kusan bayin 4,000 ne suka tsere daga bauta. Daga cikin waɗannan, 2,000 sun shiga jiragen ruwa zuwa Nova Scotia tsakanin Satumba 1813 zuwa Agusta 1816, wasu kuma aka kaisu New Brunswick, Canada, sai 400 daga cikinsu aka kaisu Trinidad a yankin Caribbean. Waɗanda suka zauna a yankin Birtaniya na Canada an san su da suna Black Refugees, wato bakaken fata da suka tsere daga bauta a Amurka kuma suka goyi bayan Birtaniya a lokacin Yaƙin 1812. <ref>{{cite web |title=African Nova Scotians in the Age of Slavery and Abolition |url=https://archives.novascotia.ca/africanns/results/?Search=&SearchList1=4 |website=Nova Scotia Archives | date=April 20, 2020 |access-date=16 September 2024}}</ref> == Merikens == Merikins tsoffin bakaken fata ‘yan Amurka ne da suka tsere daga bauta suka shiga rundunar soja ta Birtaniya dake kunshe da bakaken fata guda ɗaya, Colonial Marines, a lokacin Yaƙin 1812. Bayan yaƙin ya ƙare, an kai su zuwa wasu ƙasashen Birtaniya domin su rayu a matsayin ’yan ƙasa ’yantattu. Kimanin Colonial Marines 700 an kai su Trinidad a Caribbean. Ko da yake bauta ta halatta a Trinidad, an ba su kariya ta hannun kwamandan Robert Mitchell. Wadanda suke fitowa daga Amurka baki sun kira kansu Merikens, ma’ana "ƙaramin kalmar 'Americans'" kuma suka fara sabon rayuwa a Trinidad a cikin ƙauyuka shida na Kamfani a yammacin tsibirin.<ref>{{cite web |title=Celebrating the Merikins |url=https://natt.gov.tt/sites/default/files/pdfs/Celebrating-the-Merikins.pdf |website=National Archives of Trinidad and Tobago |access-date=16 September 2024}}</ref> Gwamnatin Trinidad ta ba Merikins abinci, tanadin abinci, tufafi, da kayan aikin gina gidajensu; suka noma masara, kabewa, ayaba, da shinkafa.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Merikins |url=https://www.nps.gov/stsp/learn/historyculture/merikins.htm |website=Star-Spangled Banner National Historic Trail |publisher=The National Park Service |access-date=16 September 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Fergus |first1=Claudius |title=Revolutionary Emancipation Slavery and Abolitionism in the British West Indies |date=2013 |publisher=Louisiana State University Press |isbn=9780807149898 |page=113}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=A Guide to the Merikin Collection |url=https://www.natt.gov.tt/sites/default/files/images/NATT%20Merikin%20Collection%20GuideREV2021.pdf |website=National Archives of Trinidad and Tobago |access-date=16 September 2024}}</ref> == Hanyar 'Saltwater Railroad' == [[File:The merchant vessel - a sailor boy's voyages around the world (1884) (14593118478).jpg|thumb|Scenery a Bahamas a shekarar 1884]] Daga 1821 zuwa 1861, masu neman 'yanci daga jihohin kudu maso gabas kamar South Carolina, Georgia, da Florida sun tsere zuwa Bahamas ta hanyar sirrin da aka kira “Saltwater Railroad.” Kafin 1821, Florida ƙasar Spain ce, inda wadanda suka tsere daga bauta ke da 'yanci bisa dokar Spain. Amma bayan 1821, Florida ta zama karkashin ikon Amurka. Bakaken fata masu 'yanci a Florida sun tsorata za a sake mayar da su bayi bisa dokokin Amurka, don haka daruruwan sun tsere zuwa Bahamas. Daga 1821 zuwa 1825, bakin teku na Florida ya zama mafaka ga masu neman 'yanci waɗanda ke ketarawa ta jiragen ruwa daga Florida zuwa tsibirin. Wasu kuma sun yi jiragen su kansu suka ketarawa zuwa Bahamas.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Campbell |first1=Nicole |title=The Saltwater Railroad (1821 to 1861) |url=https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/the-saltwater-railroad-1821-1861/ |website=The Black Past |date=April 26, 2020 |access-date=12 September 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Wills |first1=Matthew |title=The Saltwater Railroad |url=https://daily.jstor.org/the-saltwater-road/ |website=JSTOR Daily |date=September 6, 2019 |access-date=12 September 2024}}</ref> [[File:Gulf of Mexico.png|thumb|Bayanin yadda bayi suka ketara daga bakin teku na Florida zuwa Bahamas.]] A shekarar 1825, ginin hasumar Cape Florida Light (a yanzu a Miami-Dade County) ya zama cikas ga masu neman 'yanci da ke ketarawa da daren saboda hasken da ke iya jagorantar masu sintiri su gano jirage. Bahamas ta ja hankalin bakin fata domin akwai al’ummar Black Seminoles da sauran masu tserewa. Bahamas ƙasa ce karkashin mulkin Birtaniya inda bakin fata ke da damar mallakar ƙasa, samun ilimi, da kuma yin aure bisa doka. Bugu da ƙari, a 1825 Birtaniya ta sanar cewa duk wanda ya samu ƙasa a karkashin ikon Birtaniya shi ke 'yanci. Wannan ya ƙara ƙarfafa masu neman 'yanci su ketara zuwa tsibirin. A shekarun 1830, masana tarihi sun kiyasta cewa akalla mutane 6,000 sun tsere zuwa Bahamas, kuma a 1840ts, Bahamas ta samu mafi yawan bakin fata masu tserewa fiye da kowace koloni ta Birtaniya a Caribbean.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Knetsch |first1=Joe |last2=Winsboro |first2=Irvin |title=Florida Slaves, the 'Saltwater Railroad' to the Bahamas, and Anglo-American Diplomacy |journal=The Journal of Southern History |date=2013 |volume=79 |issue=1 |page=56}}</ref> Harkokin Birtaniya na ba da 'yanci ga 'yan asalin Amurka yana haifar da hawaye a dangantakar siyasa da Amurka. A 1841 a kan jirgin bayi Creole, wani ƙungiya ta bayin ta yi ramuwar gayya. Creole ta tashi daga Virginia da sama da bayi ɗari ɗaya zuwa New Orleans, Louisiana. Bayin suka kwace jirgin suka tafi Nassau, Bahamas. Wannan abun ya jawo hankalin duniya; an tuhumi amma daga bisani aka saki.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Lyons |first1=Douglas |title='Saltwater Railroad' had its roots on Cape Florida |website=Florida Rambler |date=2024 |access-date=12 September 2024}}</ref> == Dokar Fugitive Slave Act ta 1850 == [[File:From Library of Congress- "Print shows a portrait of the fugitive slave Anthony Burns, whose arrest and trial under the Fugitive (32f5b651-55ed-457d-8c2e-45b46a5dcc24).jpg|thumb|Hoton mai neman 'yanci Anthony Burns, wanda aka kama bisa Dokar Fugitive Slave Law]] A ƙarƙashin Dokar Fugitive Slave Act ta 1850, idan an kama wanda ake zargin ya tsere da bautawa kuma aka kai shi gaban wani kwamishina, ba shi da hakkin samun gurin shari’a ta kwararru kuma ba zai kare kansa ba. Daga 1850 zuwa 1860, an kawo masu neman 'yanci 343 gaban kwamishina, an mayar da su bayi 332 daga ciki. Kwamishinai suna karɓar dalar Amurka 10 idan sun yanke shawara bisa ga mai bauta, sannan dalar 5 idan suka yanke shawara bisa ga bawa. Ba a tuhume su da laifi. Ɗan sintiri ko mai kama bayi na iya samun takardar replevin don mayar da dukiya. Idan wani ya taimaka wa mai neman 'yanci a guduwa, zai ci tara har dala 1,000.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Paul |first1=Catherine |title=Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 |url=https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/federal/fugitive-slave-act-of-1850/ |website=Virginia Commonwealth University |date=December 26, 2015}}</ref> Majalisa ta Kudanci sun fi rinjaye saboda dokar tallata yawan jama’a ta haɗa da kaso uku daga biyar na bayi. Sun gabatar da Dokar Fugitive Slave Act ta 1850 saboda gajiyawar ganin jama’a da hukumomi na wasu yankuna suna taimaka wa masu tserewa. A wasu sassan Arewa, masu sintiri suna bukatar kariya daga 'yan sanda. Bisa ga marubuci Andrew Delbanco, “Mutanen Arewa sun fara gane cewa bauta ba matsala ce ta Kudu kaɗai ba bayan wucewar dokar 1850.” Kafin Yaƙin Cikin Gida na Amurka, ƙasa na cikin rarrabewa kan yadda za a kula da masu tserewa. Dokar ta ƙara raba ƙasa yayin da masu mallakar bayi na Kudancin ke da ikon mayar da masu tserewa daga Arewa, kuma dokar ta tilasta mazauna Arewa su taimaka wajen mayar da masu gudun hijira.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Gross |first1=Terry |title=How The Fugitive Slave Act Paved The Way For The Civil War |url=https://www.npr.org/2019/11/08/777212545/how-the-fugitive-slave-act-paved-the-way-for-the-civil-war |website=South Carolina Public Radio (NPR) |access-date=12 September 2024}}</ref> Wasu masu neman 'yanci an kama su bisa wannan doka; ciki har da Anthony Burns, John Price, Shadrach Minkins, Stephen Pembroke da ’ya’yansa, da wasu. Masu adawa da bauta sun yi amfani da waɗannan shari’o’in domin su jaddada rashin adalci na dokar bauta kuma su dage kan rushe bauta.<ref>{{cite web |title=Fugitive Slave Case: Stephen Pembrook |website=The National Archives and Records Administration |date=August 15, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Gonzalez |first1=Jennifer |title='Law or No Law': Abolitionist Resistance to the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 |website=Library of Congress |date=February 10, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Maltz |first1=Earl |title=The Trial of Anthony Burns (1854) |website=Encyclopedia of Virginia |access-date=13 September 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Shadrach Minkins (d. 1875) |website=Encyclopedia of Virginia |access-date=14 September 2024}}</ref> Bayan makonni kaɗan da amincewa da dokar, yawan bakin fata a biranen Arewa ya ragu saboda bakaken fata 'yan Amurka da suka kasance ‘yan ƙasa masu 'yanci sun ƙaura zuwa Canada saboda tsoro za su sake zama bayi. A ranar 1 Agusta 1834, Birtaniya ta soke bauta a Canada da duk masarautarta, wanda ya sa Canada ta zama wuri mafi aminci ga masu neman 'yanci. A Pittsburgh, yawancin ma'aikatan bakin fata a otal-otal sun ƙaura zuwa Canada. A Columbia, Pennsylvania yawan baki ya ragu da rabi. Daga tsakiyar Fabrairu zuwa farkon Maris 1851, mutane ɗari daga birnin Boston suka tsere. Masu fafutuka a Detroit sun jagoranci mutane 1,200 su ƙaura zuwa Canada. Daga Disamba 1850, an kiyasta cewa 3,000 baki sun sami mafaka a Canada.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Horton |first1=James |last2=Horton |first2=Louis |title=A Federal Assault: African Americans and the Impact of the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 – Symposium on the Law of Slavery: Constitutional Law and Slavery |journal=Symposium on the Law of Slavery |date=1993 |volume=68 |issue=3 |pages=1187–1188}}</ref> == Hanyoyin Yaƙin Basasa na Amurka (1861 zuwa 1865) == [[File:Contraband foreground - Copy.jpg|thumb|Mutanen da suka tsere daga bautar da suka isa layukan Union a lokacin Yaƙin Basasa ana kiran su da "contraband".]] A lokacin Yaƙin Basasa na Amurka, Sojojin Union sun kama garuruwa a Kudu kamar Beaufort, South Carolina, St. Simons Island, Georgia, da wasu wurare inda suka kafa sansanonin soja. Saboda haka, bayi da ke gonaki a kusa sun tsere daga bautar zuwa layukan Union don neman 'yanci da kuma shiga Sojojin Union. Tarihin Amurka, Eric Foner, ya bayyana a cikin littafinsa, ''Gateway to Freedom: The Hidden History of the Underground Railroad,'' cewa: "...Yaƙin Basasa ya canza matuƙar damar da bayi ke da ita wajen samun 'yanci. Da zarar dakarun tarayya sun isa – a Maryland hakan ya fara daga farkon yaƙin – bayi suka nemi mafaka a layukan Union..."{{sfn|Foner|2015}} Susie King Taylor an haife ta a matsayin baiwa a Liberty County, Georgia, ta tsere daga bautar tare da iyalinta zuwa layukan Union a St. Catherine's Island, Georgia, da taimakon kawunta wanda ya saka ta a jirgin yaƙi na tarayya da ke kusa da Fort Pulaski da Confederacy suka mamaye. Baya ga haka, dubban bayi bakaken fata sun tsere daga bautar zuwa layukan Union a tsibirai na South Carolina. <ref>{{cite web |title=Susie King Taylor |url=https://www.nps.gov/people/susie-king-taylor.htm |website=Fort Pulaski National Monument, Fort Sumter and Fort Moultrie National Historical Park, Reconstruction Era National Historical Park |publisher= National Park Service |access-date=8 September 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Susie King Taylor An African American Nurse and Teacher in the Civil War |url=https://www.loc.gov/ghe/cascade/index.html?appid=5be2377c246c4b5483e32ddd51d32dc0&bookmark=Narrative%20of%20War |website=Library of Congress |access-date=11 September 2024}}</ref> A shekarar 1861, Jarvis Harvey ya tsere daga bautar ya nufi layukan Union a Fortress Monroe, Virginia.<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Hahn |first1=Steven |title=The Largest, Most Successful Slave Revolt in History? What historians get wrong about the actions of enslaved people during the Civil War. |url=https://slate.com/human-interest/2015/10/why-historians-are-reluctant-to-call-the-american-civil-war-a-slave-rebellion.html |website=The Slate |date=October 13, 2015 |access-date=8 September 2024}}</ref> Robert Sutton an haife shi a matsayin baiwa a Alberti Plantation da ke iyakar arewa maso gabas na Florida da Georgia, kuma a lokacin yaƙin ya tsere daga bautar ta hanyar gina ƙaramar kwale-kwale ya tafi Port Royal, South Carolina, inda bakaken fata suka samu 'yanci bayan Battle of Port Royal sannan ya shiga Sojojin 1st South Carolina Volunteer Infantry Regiment (Colored).<ref>{{cite web |title=Robert Suttion |url=https://www.nps.gov/people/robert-sutton.htm |website=Reconstruction Era National Historical Park |publisher=The National Park Service |access-date=8 September 2024}}</ref> Prince Rivers ya tsere daga bautar ya sami 'yanci a layukan Union a Port Royal, South Carolina, bayan maigidan sa ya gudu daga Beaufort bayan isowar jiragen ruwan Union da sojoji. Daga baya Rivers ya shiga rundunar 1st South Carolina Volunteer Infantry Regiment.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Poole |first1=Scott |title=Rivers, Prince |url=https://www.scencyclopedia.org/sce/entries/rivers-prince/ |website=South Carolina Encyclopedia |publisher=University of South Carolina, Institute for Southern Studies |access-date=8 September 2024}}</ref> A ranar 12 ga Mayu, 1862, Robert Smalls da wasu bayi goma sha shida sun tsere daga bautar a lokacin yaƙin, inda suka kwace jirgin ruwa na Confederacy kuma suka tuka shi zuwa cikin rundunar Union da ke rufe Charleston Harbor a South Carolina.<ref>{{cite web |title=Robert Smalls |url=https://www.nps.gov/people/robert-smalls.htm |website=Fort Sumter and Fort Moultrie National Historical Park, Reconstruction Era National Historical Park |publisher=The National Park Service |access-date=8 September 2024}}</ref> [[File:Contraband Camp, formerly used as a Female Seminary.jpg|thumb|Sansanonin 'contraband' sun ba da mafaka da kariya ga sabbin 'yan 'yanci a wuraren da Union ta mamaye a Kudu.]] Wadanda ke aiki da Underground Railroad sun sauya dabaru da hanyoyin tserewa zuwa kusa da sansanonin Union saboda yawancin masu neman 'yanci sun tsere zuwa wuraren da Union ta mamaye maimakon zuwa Arewa.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Jones |first1=Viola |last2=Wolny |first2=Philip |title=A Primary Source Investigation of the Underground Railroad |date=2015 |publisher=Rosen Publishing |isbn=9781499435177 |page=46 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CIphDwAAQBAJ}}</ref> Misali, yankin Kansas ya zama jiha a 1861, kuma an haramta bauta a jihar Kansas. A lokacin Yaƙin Basasa, masu adawa da bauta, Free Staters, da Jayhawkers sun taimaka wa masu neman 'yanci da suka tsere daga Missouri (jiha mai bauta da ke iyaka da Kansas) ta hanyar kawo su Kansas a matsayin "contraband" na yaƙi.<ref>{{cite web |title=First to Serve-1st Kansas Colored Infantry Regiment |url=https://www.nps.gov/articles/1stkansas.htm |website=Fort Scott National Historic Site |publisher=The National Park Service |access-date=9 September 2024}}</ref> Wani rahoto daga National Park Service ya bayyana yadda Yaƙin Basasa ya canza hanyoyin tserewa da inda masu neman 'yanci ke ƙarewa: "Da zarar sojojin Union sun bayyana a jihohin iyaka, tsibirai na Tekun Atlantika, da kogin ƙasan Mississippi, dubban bakaken fata suka yi amfani da wannan damar don kubuta ta hanyar gudu zuwa sansanonin Union. An yi ƙoƙarin dawo da su ga masu su na farko amma aka daina. Wadanda suka gudu daga bautar aka kira su 'contraband' – dukiyar da aka kwace ta yaƙi. Yawancinsu sun samu aiki a cikin layukan Union sannan iyalinsu suka biyo su."<ref name="auto5"/> [[File:Contrabands at headquarters of General Lafayette LCCN2014646902.jpg|thumb|Masu 'yanci a hedkwatar Janar Lafayette a Yorktown, Virginia]] Kalmar "contraband" an baiwa bayin da suka tsere daga bautar ne daga Janar Benjamin Butler na Union. A 1861, mutane uku da ke bautar a Norfolk, Virginia — Shepard Mallory, Frank Baker, da James Townsend — sun tsere zuwa Fort Monroe, inda Butler ya ƙi aiwatar da Dokar Maidowa Bayi ta 1850. Maimakon haka, Butler ya ƙi mayar da su saboda sun kasance "dukiyar" Confederacy, ba na Amurka ba, inda aka gabatar da dokar. Wani rahoto daga National Trust for Historical Preservation ya bayyana: "...Butler ya gane rashin dacewar bin Dokar Maidowa Bayi, wadda ke buƙatar ya dawo da bayin uku. Sun taimaka wajen gina sansanin yaƙi da ke barazana ga sansanin sa. Me yasa zai dawo da su ya ƙara ƙarfin abokan gaba? Sai ya samo mafita ta siyasa: tun da Virginia ta balle daga Union, ba shi da wajibcin kundin tsarin mulki na mayar da bayin. A maimakon haka, ya kwace su a matsayin 'contraband' – dukiyar da abokan gaba ke amfani da ita a yaƙi."<ref>{{cite web |last1=Wills |first1=Eric |title=The Forgotten: The Contraband of America and the Road to Freedom |url=https://savingplaces.org/stories/the-forgotten-the-contraband-of-america-and-the-road-to-freedom |website=National Trust for Historic Preservation |access-date=8 September 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Confederate Slave Contraband, and the American Civil War, a story |url=https://aaregistry.org/story/confederate-contraband-and-the-american-civil-war-a-story/ |website=African American Registry |access-date=8 September 2024}}</ref> [[File:Corinth Contraband Camp (2c163208-1dd8-b71c-079b-9015087c01e4).jpg|thumb|Allon tunawa da sansanin 'contraband' na Corinth]] Yayin da Yaƙin Basasa ke ci gaba, wurare da dama a Kudu da jihohin iyaka sun zama sansanonin 'yan gudun hijira na masu neman 'yanci. Washington D.C. ta kasance babban wuri ga waɗanda suka tsere a lokacin yaƙin. A ranar 16 ga Afrilu, 1862, Majalisar Tarayya ta zartar da Dokar Sakamakon Fitar da Bayi a cikin District of Columbia. Bayan hakan, masu neman 'yanci daga Virginia da Maryland suka tsere zuwa Washington D.C., kuma zuwa 1863, mutane 10,000 da suka tsere daga bautar suna zaune a birnin, adadin da ya ninka yawan bakaken fata a birnin.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Kiger |first1=Patrick |title=The Civil War Created a Refugee Crisis in Washington |url=https://boundarystones.weta.org/2016/01/14/civil-war-created-refugee-crisis-washington |website=Boundary Stones WETA's Local History Website |date=January 14, 2016 |access-date=8 September 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Fling |first1=Sarah |title=Washington, D.C.'s 'Contraband' Camps |url=https://www.whitehousehistory.org/washington-d-c-s-contraband-camps |website=The White House Historical Association |access-date=8 September 2024}}</ref> A lokacin yaƙin, bayi da ke kusa da Beaufort County, South Carolina sun tsere zuwa layukan Union a Beaufort, inda aka 'yanta bakaken fata bayan Battle of Port Royal a ranar 7 ga Nuwamba, 1861 bayan masu gonaki sun gudu. An kafa sansanin gudun hijira domin kula da su. A farko akwai mutane 60 zuwa 70, daga baya adadin ya kai 320. Sojojin Union ba su da isassun abinci da tufafi don kula da su. Mutane 'yanci da mata da yara a sansanin sun yi aiki da Union a matsayin masu dafa abinci, masu wanki, bayin gida, da kuma masassa.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Fields-Black |first1=Edda |title=Harriet Tubman, the Combahee River Raid, and Black Freedom During the Civil War |date=2024 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=9780197552797 |pages=193–195 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Tb3sEAAAQBAJ&q=refugee%20camps}}</ref> Rundunar Union ta mamaye Corinth, Mississippi, kuma bayi daga gonaki kusa sun tsere zuwa layukan Union. Don kula da su, Janar Grenville M. Dodge ya kafa Sansanin Contraband na Corinth wanda ke da gidaje, makarantu, asibitoci, coci-coci, da aiki da ake biya. An kiyasta cewa sansanin ya samar da sabon rayuwa ga tsofaffin bayi 6,000.<ref>{{cite web |title=Corinth Contraband Camp |url=https://www.nps.gov/shil/planyourvisit/contrabandcamp.htm |website=Shiloh National Military Park |publisher=The National Park Service |access-date=9 September 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Corinth Contraband Camp |url=https://www.nps.gov/articles/000/corinth-contraband-camp-poi.htm |website=The National Park Service |access-date=9 September 2024}}</ref> == Sojojin Ruwa na Tarayya da 'Yantarwa == [[File:Company of colored troops. (3110840538).jpg|thumb|Bakar fata masu 'yanci da waɗanda suka tsere daga bautar sun yi rajista don yaƙi a cikin Sojojin Tarayya da na Ruwa.]] Sakataren Sojan Ruwa a lokacin Yaƙin Basasa shine Gideon Welles kuma a cikin Satumba na 1861 Welles ya ayyana cewa bayi da bakar fata masu 'yanci za su iya shiga aikin soja a mafi ƙanƙanta matsayi na "Yaro" a cikin Sojan Ruwa na Tarayya. Jiragen ruwa na Tarayya da ke cikin tashoshin kudanci sun karɓi adadin waɗanda suka tsere daga bauta ta hanyar ƙananan jiragen ruwa zuwa jiragen ruwa da ke cikin yankunan da Tarayya ke iko da su. Benjamin Gould ya rubuta a cikin mujallarsa cewa a ranar 22 ga Satumba, 1862, masu neman 'yanci takwas sun isa USS Cambridge kuma wasu 20 masu gudun hijira sun isa makonni biyu bayan haka. Daya daga cikin waɗanda suka tsere daga masu neman 'yanci shine William Gould, wanda daga baya ya shiga Sojan Ruwa na Tarayya (Amurka) kuma ya yi yaƙi da Confederacy daga 1862 zuwa 1865. Jirgin ruwa na Tarayya USS Hartford ya taimaka wajen 'yantar da mutanen da aka bautar yayin da yake hawa kogin Mississippi. Bartholomew Diggins, wanda ya yi aiki a cikin jirgin, ya tuna abubuwan da suka faru na 'yantar da bayi. Ya ce: "mun ɗauki bayi da yawa waɗanda za su fito zuwa jiragen ruwa a cikin ƙananan jiragen ruwa a duk wurin da muka tsaya." Sauran jiragen ruwa na Tarayya waɗanda suka taimaka wajen 'yantar da bayi sun haɗa da USS Essex da USS Iroquois. Wasu sojoji da ma'aikatan jirgin ruwa na Tarayya sun mayar da bayi da suka tsere ga masu bautar su.<ref>{{cite web |title=Afirkawan Amurka a cikin Sojan Ruwa na Amurka a lokacin Yaƙin Basasa |url=https://www.history.navy.mil/browse-by-topic/wars-conflicts-and-operations/civil-war-archive1/african-americans-in-the-u-s--navy-during-the-civil-war.html#:~:text=The%20Navy%20drew%20upon%20these,of%20the%20Navy%27s%20enlisted%20manpower. |website=Naval History and Heritage Command |access-date=19 Satumba 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Farfesa Stanford ya sami wahayi, ƙarfin hali daga littattafan tarihin kakansa, wanda ya tsere daga bauta |url=https://news.stanford.edu/stories/2021/06/finding-fortitude-diaries-escaped-slave |website=Rahoton Stanford |publisher=Jami'ar Stanford |access-date=20 Satumba 2024}}</ref> A ƙarshen yaƙin, 179,000 tsoffin bayi da bakar fata masu 'yanci sun yi yaƙi a cikin Sojojin Tarayya, kuma 21,000 sun yi yaƙi a cikin Sojan Ruwa na Tarayya.<ref>{{cite web |title=Baƙin Sojoji a cikin Sojojin Amurka a lokacin Yaƙin Basasa |url=https://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/blacks-civil-war#:~:text=By%20the%20end%20of%20the,19%2C000%20served%20in%20the%20Navy. |website=National Archives and Records Administration | date=15 Agusta 2016 |access-date=20 Satumba 2024}}</ref> Daga Yaƙin 'Yancin Amirka, zuwa Yaƙin 1812, sannan kuma Yaƙin Basasa na Amirka, Underground Railroad ya ba da gudummawar ɗaruruwa kuma a wasu lokuta dubban gudun hijira na Baƙin Amurkawa.{{sfn|Hudson|2015|pp=2, 9–10}} == Doka da siyasa == Lokacin da rikice-rikice tsakanin Arewa da Kudu suka ƙare a Yaƙin Basasa, baƙi da yawa, bayi da masu 'yanci, sun yi yaƙi don Sojojin Tarayya.<ref>Mark Lardas, ''Baƙin Sojan Amurka a cikin Yaƙin Basasa: USCT, 1862–66''</ref> Bayan nasarar Tarayya a Yaƙin Basasa, a ranar 6 ga Disamba, 1865, Kwaskwarima na 13 ga Kundin Tsarin Mulki ya haramta bautar sai dai a matsayin hukunci don laifi.<ref>Ann Heinrichs, ''Underground Railroad''</ref> Bayan wucewarsa, a wasu lokuta Underground Railroad yana aiki a cikin kishiyar hanya, yayin da mutanen da suka tsere zuwa Kanada suka koma Amurka.<ref>{{cite book| title=Underground Railroad da Gidan Tarihi na Sylvania's Lathrop| last1=Gindy| first1=Gaye E.| page=20| url=https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/4979770-the-underground-railroad-and-sylvania-s-historic-lathrop-house| date=2008| publisher=AuthorHouse| isbn=9781434367617| access-date=25 Yuli 2015| archive-date=5 Maris 2016| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305004015/https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/4979770-the-underground-railroad-and-sylvania-s-historic-lathrop-house| url-status=live}}</ref> === Zargi === Frederick Douglass marubuci ne kuma mai magana wanda ya tsere daga bauta. Ya rubuta da suka game da hankalin da aka jawo ga Underground Railroad a cikin littafinsa na farko, ''Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave'' (1845): {{Blockquote|Ban taɓa amincewa da yadda wasu abokanmu na yamma suka gudanar da abin da suke kira ''Underground Railroad'' ba, amma wanda a ganina, ta hanyar bayyanannun bayyanannun su, an sanya shi mafi ƙarfi ''upperground railroad.''}} Ya ci gaba da cewa, ko da yake yana girmama motsi, yana jin cewa ƙoƙarin tallan ya fi mayar da hank == Zuwa Kasar Kanada == {{external media |width =180px | float =right | video1 ='''[https://www.historicacanada.ca/productions/minutes/underground-railroad "Underground Railroad"]''' – Historica Canada. - Heritage Minutes (1:01 min) }} [[File:UndergroundRailroadmonumentWindsor.jpg|175px|thumb|''International Underground Railroad Memorial'' a Windsor, Ontario]] [[File:John Brown by Levin Handy, 1890-1910.jpg|thumb|right|upright|John Brown ya shiga cikin Underground Railroad a matsayin mai adawa da bautar bayi.]] British North America (wadda ake kira Kanada a yau) ta kasance wurin mafaka mai kyau saboda iyakarta mai tsawo da dama wuraren shigowa, tana nesa da masu farautar bayi, kuma tana waje da ikon dokokin kama bayi na Amurka. Haka kuma, bautar bayi ta ƙare shekaru masu yawa kafin Amurka a Kanada. Birtaniya ta haramta bautar bayi a shekarar 1833 a karkashin dokar Slavery Abolition Act 1833, duk da cewa amfani da bayi ya ragu sosai a Kanada tun farkon karni na 19 saboda shari'o'in da suka ba bayi 'yanci ta kotu. <ref name="Shadd2016">{{cite book|first=Mary Ann|last=Shadd|title=A Plea for Emigration; or Notes of Canada West: A Broadview Anthology of British Literature Edition|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ob1aDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA11|year=2016|publisher=Broadview Press|isbn=978-1-55481-321-6|page=11|access-date=November 30, 2020|archive-date=April 15, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415032411/https://books.google.com/books?id=Ob1aDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA11|url-status=live}}</ref> Yawancin wadanda suka tsere daga bautar bayi sun isa Kanada ta ruwa ta hanyar tafiya ta Lake Erie da Lake Ontario, kuma sun zauna a lardin Ontario. Ana kiyasta cewa sama da mutane 30,000 sun tsere zuwa can ta hanyar wannan hanyar a lokacin da aka fi amfani da ita na tsawon shekaru 20, <ref name="CAN"/> duk da cewa kididdigar Amurka ta nuna kimanin 6,000 ne kawai. <ref>[https://www.cdva.ca.gov/news/GV%202-2-07.pdf "From slavery to freedom"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070713234430/https://www.cdva.ca.gov/news/GV%202-2-07.pdf |date=July 13, 2007 }}, ''The Grapevine'', pp. 3–5.</ref> Labarai da yawa na waɗanda suka tsere an rubuta su a cikin littafin shekarar 1872 mai suna ''The Underground Railroad Records'' wanda William Still ya rubuta, wani mai adawa da bautar bayi wanda ke jagorantar Philadelphia Vigilance Committee. <ref>Deborah Gray White, Mia Bay, Waldo E. Martin Jr. ''Freedom on My Mind: A History of African Americans with Documents''. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin's, p. 287. {{ISBN|978-0-312-64883-1}}.</ref> Kiyasta adadi yana da bambanci, amma a kalla bayi 30,000—kuma wata kila fiye da 100,000—sun tsere zuwa Kanada ta hanyar Underground Railroad. <ref name="CAN">{{cite web| url=https://www.histori.ca/minutes/minute.do?id=10166| work=Historica Minutes| quote=Between 1840 and 1860, more than 30,000 people enslaved in America came secretly to Canada and freedom| title=Settling Canada Underground Railroad |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100106114439/https://www.histori.ca/minutes/minute.do?id=10166 |archive-date=January 6, 2010 |access-date=January 30, 2018 }}</ref> Mafi yawan su sun zauna a Upper Canada (Ontario), wanda aka fi kira Canada West daga shekarar 1841. <ref>Bordewich, Fergus, 2005, p. 379</ref> An kafa al’ummomi da dama na Baƙin Kanada a Kudancin Ontario, musamman a cikin wani yanki triangular tsakanin Niagara Falls, Toronto da Windsor. Wasu ƙauyuka a karkara da suka ƙunshi 'yan uwansu da suka tsere daga bauta sun kasance a Kent da Essex cikin Ontario. Fort Malden, da ke Amherstburg, Ontario, an dauke shi a matsayin "babban wurin shigowa" ga bayi da suka tsere da ke neman shiga Kanada. Wani mai fafutukar yanci, Levi Coffin, wanda ya taimaka wa fiye da mutane 2,000, ya goyi bayan wannan wuri. Ya bayyana Fort Malden a matsayin "babban wajen sauka, kuma babban ƙarshen hanyar Underground Railroad ta yamma." <ref>{{cite journal |last=Landon |first=Fred |date=1925 |title=Amherstburg, Terminus of the Underground Railroad |journal=Journal of Negro History |volume=10 |issue=1 |page=5|doi=10.2307/2713665 |jstor=2713665 |s2cid=149997017 }}</ref> Bayan shekarar 1850, ana kiyasta mutane 30 ke ketarewa zuwa Fort Malden a kowace rana ta jirgin ruwa. {{sfn|Calarco|Vogel|Grover|Hallstrom|2011|p=15}} Daya daga cikin jiragen ruwa shi ne ''Sultana'', wanda ke yin "safarar dawowa akai-akai" tsakanin tashoshin Lake Erie. Kapitansa, C.W. Appleby, wani jarumi mai ruwa, ya taimaka wajen tsallaka wasu daga cikin bayin da suka tsere. {{sfn|Calarco|2008|p=110}} Wasu kuma William Wells Brown ya taimaka musu, wanda shi kansa ya tsere daga bauta. Ya samu aiki a kan wani jirgin ruwa na Lake Erie, kuma ya kai mutane da dama zuwa Kanada daga Cleveland ta hanyar Buffalo ko Detroit. Ya ce, "An san cewa mutane da dama suna tserewa zuwa Kanada ta hanyar Cleaveland… Abokan bayi suna sanin cewa zan dauke su ba tare da caji ba, kuma kullum akwai wadanda ke jiransa." {{sfn|Brown|1848|pp=107–108}} [[File:MarthaCoffinWright.jpg|thumb|Martha Coffin Wright ta mayar da gidanta a Auburn, New York, matsayin matakin tsayawa a kan Underground Railroad, kuma Harriet Tubman ta sha ziyarta lokacin da take ceto bayi. Gidanta ya haɗu da wasu gidajen tsaro a New York da suka kai Kanada. <ref>{{cite web |title=Martha C. Wright |url=https://www.nps.gov/wori/learn/historyculture/martha-c-wright.htm |website=Women's Rights National Historical Park |access-date=16 September 2024}}</ref>]] Wani muhimmin wurin da mutane suka nufa shi ne Nova Scotia, wanda aka fara zama da Baƙin Loyalists lokacin Yaƙin 'Yancin Amurka, sannan daga baya da Black Refugees a lokacin Yaƙin 1812 (duba Black Nova Scotians). Haka kuma, wasu muhimman wuraren zama na bakaken fata sun taso a wasu sassan British North America (Kanada a yau), ciki har da Lower Canada (Quebec) da Vancouver Island, inda Gwamna James Douglas ya karfafa shigowar bakaken fata saboda rashin goyon bayansa ga bauta. Ya kuma yi fatan al’umma mai yawa ta bakaken fata za ta zama kariya daga masu goyon bayan haɗewar yankin da Amurka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=First Black Settlers Arrive in Victoria |url=https://www.leg.bc.ca/dyl/Pages/First-Black-Settlers-Arrive-in-Victoria.aspx |access-date=2022-06-18 |website=www.leg.bc.ca |language=en |archive-date=August 16, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220816142039/https://www.leg.bc.ca/dyl/Pages/First-Black-Settlers-Arrive-in-Victoria.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref> Lokacin da suka isa wuraren da suke nufi, mutane da dama sun fusata saboda rayuwa a Kanada ba ta da sauki. Ko da yake ba su fuskantar haɗarin kama su ba, saboda suna cikin wata ƙasa daban, rashin nuna bambanci ya yadu. <ref>{{cite book |last1=Maynard |title=Policing Black Lives State Violence in Canada from Slavery to the Present |date=2017 |publisher=Fernwood Publishing |isbn=9781552669792}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Winks |title=Blacks in Canada A History |date=1997 |publisher=McGill-Queens University Press |isbn=9780773566682 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5cMTlnBYjxIC&q=racism}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Mullens |last2=Morgan |title=Canada the Great White North where Anti-Black Racism Thrives: Kicking Down the Doors and Exposing the Realities |journal=Phylon |date=Summer 2016 |volume=53 |issue=1 |pages=20–41 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/phylon1960.53.1.20 |access-date=21 April 2023}}</ref> Sabbin zuwan su na fuskantar gasa daga dimbin ’yan hijira daga Turai wajen neman aiki, kuma wariyar launin fata ta kasance gama-gari. Misali, a matsayin martani ga saukar da Baƙin Loyalists a gabashin Kanada, birnin Saint John, New Brunswick ya gyara tsarin mulkinsa a shekarar 1785 domin hana baƙi gudanar da sana’a, sayar da kaya, kamun kifi ko samun ’yanci; wadannan dokokin sun ci gaba har zuwa 1870. <ref>[https://www.saintjohn.nbcc.nb.ca/~Heritage/Black/Loyalists.htm "Arrival of the Black Loyalists: Saint John's Black Community"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110519034253/https://www.saintjohn.nbcc.nb.ca/~Heritage/Black/Loyalists.htm |date=May 19, 2011 }}, Heritage Resources Saint John</ref> Da barkewar Yaƙin Basasa a Amurka, da dama daga cikin ‘yan gudun hijira bakaken fata sun bar Kanada domin shiga dakarun Union Army. Wasu daga cikinsu sun koma Kanada daga baya, amma da yawa sun ci gaba da zama a Amurka. Dubban mutane kuma sun koma Kudancin Amurka bayan yaƙin ya ƙare saboda ƙoƙarin sake haɗuwa da dangi da kuma fatan cewa sauye-sauyen da kwance bauta da zamanin Reconstruction zai kawo canji. == Tatsuniyoyi == Tun daga shekarun 1980, wasu mutane sun fara ikirarin cewa ana amfani da zane-zanen barguna don nuna hanyoyi da taimako ga bayi da suka tsere. Bisa ga magoya bayan wannan ra'ayi, ana amfani da nau'ikan zane goma na bargu don bai wa bayi da suka tsere umarni ko shawarwari. Ana rataye bargunan daki-daki a kan katanga don ba da sako ta hanyar rashin magana ga bayin da ke kokarin tserewa. Wannan lambar tana da ma'ana biyu: farko don nuna wa bayi su shirya tserewa, na biyu kuma don bayar da shawarwari ko jagoranci a tafiya.<ref>Williams, Ozella McDaniels, 1999.</ref> Amma masana tarihi da suka kware kan tarihin barguna sun musanta wannan ra'ayi. Littafi na farko da ya rubuta wannan labari ta hanyar baka ya fito ne a 1999, yayin da ake ganin wani littafin yara na 1980 ne ya fara wallafa wannan ra'ayi.<ref name=SLJ407>{{Cite magazine| last=Aronson| first=Marc| date=April 1, 2007| url=https://www.schoollibraryjournal.com/article/CA6430152.html| title=History That Never Happened| magazine=School Library Journal| access-date=March 31, 2011| archive-date=November 9, 2012| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121109103018/https://www.schoollibraryjournal.com/article/CA6430152.html| url-status=live}}</ref> Masana tarihi da suka yi nazari kan lokacin kafin yakin basasa (1820–1860) sun soki wannan tatsuniya.<ref>{{cite magazine|last1=Stukin|first1=Stacie|title=Unravelling the Myth of Quilts and the Underground Railroad|url=https://content.time.com/time/arts/article/0,8599,1606271,00.html|magazine=Time|date=April 3, 2007|access-date=January 18, 2017|archive-date=January 13, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170113104857/https://content.time.com/time/arts/article/0,8599,1606271,00.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Babu wata shaida ta zamani da ke nuna cewa akwai wata lambar bargu, kuma masana kamar Pat Cummings da Barbara Brackman sun yi tambayoyi masu zurfi game da wannan ra'ayi. Haka kuma, masanin tarihi Giles Wright ya rubuta wata takarda da ta karyata wannan labari. Haka zalika, wasu kafofin bayanai na jama'a da ba na ilimi ba suna ikirarin cewa wakoki na ruhi da sauran wakoki, irin su "Steal Away" ko "Follow the Drinking Gourd", suna dauke da lambobi da suka taimaka wa bayin da suka tsere wajen samun hanya. Amma sun kasa gabatar da hujjoji masu karfi. Masana ilimi sun fi yarda cewa wakokin bayi sun bayyana bege da fatan samun 'yanci, amma ba su kasance da cikakken taimako na zahiri ga bayin da ke tserewa ba.<ref name=songstory>{{cite journal| last= Kelley| first= James| title= Song, Story, or History: Resisting Claims of a Coded Message in the African American Spiritual 'Follow the Drinking Gourd'| journal=The Journal of Popular Culture| volume=41| issue=2| date=April 2008 |pages=262–280| doi=10.1111/j.1540-5931.2008.00502.x}}</ref> Jirgin kasa na karkashin kasa ya zama tushen ayyukan al’adu. Misali, "Song of the Free", da aka rubuta a 1860 game da wani mutum da ya tsere daga bauta a Tennessee zuwa Kanada, an tsara shi a kan waƙar "Oh! Susanna". Kowanne baitin wakar yana karewa da ambato ga Kanada a matsayin ƙasa "inda bakaken fata ke da 'yanci". Bauta a Upper Canada (yanzu Ontario) ta kasance haramun tun 1793; a 1819, John Robinson, lauya janar na Upper Canada, ya bayyana cewa duk bakaken da ke zaune a Kanada su 'yantattu ne, kuma kotunan Kanada za su kare 'yancinsu.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.archives.gov.on.ca/en/explore/online/alvin_mccurdy/settlement.aspx| title=Black History-From Slavery to Settlement| website=Archives.gov.on.ca| access-date=June 7, 2016| url-status=dead| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130214020850/https://www.archives.gov.on.ca/en/explore/online/alvin_mccurdy/settlement.aspx| archive-date=February 14, 2013| df=mdy-all}}</ref> Bauta a Kanada baki daya ta fara raguwa bayan hukuncin kotu a 1803, kuma an haramta ta gaba daya a 1834. ===Mutane Masu Fice=== {{div col|colwidth=22em}} * Ann Bamford * John Brown * Owen Brown (mahaifi) * Owen Brown (ɗa) * Samuel Burris * Obadiah Bush * Levi Coffin * Elizabeth Rous Comstock * George Corson<ref>William Still, [https://archive.org/stream/undergroundrailr00stil#page/720/mode/2up/search/corson "George Corson,"] ''The Underground Rail Road'', (Philadelphia: Porter & Coates, 1872), pp. 721–23.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://articles.philly.com/2016-04-20/news/72457126_1_underground-railroad-runaway-slaves-zoning-variance|title=Letters: Underground Railroad site threatened in Montco|website=Articles.philly.com|access-date=June 7, 2016|archive-date=May 31, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160531195452/https://articles.philly.com/2016-04-20/news/72457126_1_underground-railroad-runaway-slaves-zoning-variance|url-status=dead}}</ref> * Moses Dickson<ref>Kwame Anthony Appiah and Henry Louis Gates Jr, ''Africana: The Encyclopedia of the African and African American Experience'', Oxford University Press, 1999 {{ISBN|978-0195170559}}</ref> * Frederick Douglass<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210628094455/https://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/underground/dc1.htm "Aboard the Underground Railroad" – Boston African American NHS]. Nps.gov (September 5, 1962). Retrieved on August 16, 2013.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.history.rochester.edu/class/douglass/part3.html |title=The Rochester Years |access-date=December 3, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111124220634/https://www.history.rochester.edu/class/douglass/part3.html |archive-date=November 24, 2011 }}</ref> * Asa Drury * George Hussey Earle Sr. * Calvin Fairbank * Bartholomew Fussell * Matilda Joslyn Gage * Thomas Galt<ref>{{cite web|title= For the People: A Newsletter of the Abraham Lincoln Association v.8 number 1 Spring 2006, Springfield, Illinois|url= https://www.abrahamlincolnassociation.org/Newsletters/8-1.pdf|access-date= October 25, 2007|archive-date= October 8, 2007|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20071008172446/https://abrahamlincolnassociation.org/Newsletters/8-1.pdf|url-status= dead}}</ref> * Thomas Garrett * Sydney Howard Gay * Josiah Bushnell Grinnell * Frances Harper * Laura Smith Haviland * Lewis Hayden * John Hunn * Roger Hooker Leavitt * Jermain Wesley Loguen * Samuel Joseph May * John Berry Meachum * Mary Meachum<ref name="stlpublicradio">{{cite web| url=https://www.stlpublicradio.org/programs/commentaries/commentary.php?cid=1351#.VjVGcNAUplI| title=Mary Meachum and the Underground Railroad| publisher=St. Louis Public Radio| date=October 9, 2012| access-date=November 1, 2015| url-status=dead| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305033819/https://www.stlpublicradio.org/programs/commentaries/commentary.php?cid=1351#.VjVGcNAUplI| archive-date=March 5, 2016| df=mdy-all}}</ref> * Cynthia Catlin Miller * William M. Mitchell * Solomon Northup * John Parker * Elijah F. Pennypacker * Mary Ellen Pleasant * John Wesley Posey * Amy and Isaac Post * Peter Quire<ref>{{Cite web|date=February 18, 2021|title=St. John's Founder Peter Quire|url=https://www.newportthisweek.com/articles/st-johns-founder-peter-quire/|access-date=2024-09-28|website=Newport This Week|archive-date=2024-11-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130034327/https://www.newportthisweek.com/articles/st-johns-founder-peter-quire/|url-status=dead}}</ref> * John Rankin * Alexander Milton Ross * David Ruggles * Gerrit Smith * George Luther Stearns * William Still * John Ton * Charles Turner Torrey * William Troy * Harriet Tubman * Martha Coffin Wright * John Van Zandt * Bernardhus Van Leer * Silvia and John Webber * Edward Wetherill {{div col end}} ==Kundin National Underground Railroad== File:Harriet Tubman Underground Railroad NHP VC4.jpg|thumb|Harriet Tubman Underground Railroad National Historical Park a Gundumar Dorchester, Maryland Bayan dokar da aka wuce a shekara ta 1990 da ta umurci Hukumar Kula da Filayen Al’umma ta Kasa ta gudanar da nazari na musamman kan hanyar Underground Railroad,<ref>{{Cite web|date=February 27, 2012|title=The Underground Railroad Leaves its Tracks in History|url=https://govbooktalk.gpo.gov/2012/02/27/underground-railroad/|access-date=June 10, 2020|website=Government Book Talk|language=en|archive-date=May 15, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200515140944/https://govbooktalk.gpo.gov/2012/02/27/underground-railroad/|url-status=live}}</ref> a shekarar 1997, Majalisar Dokoki ta 105 ta gabatar da kuma amince da H.R. 1635 – Dokar National Underground Railroad Network to Freedom ta 1998, wanda Shugaba Bill Clinton ya sanya hannu ya zama doka a waccan shekarar.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Stokes|first=Louis|date=July 21, 1998|title=Actions – H.R.1635 – 105th Congress (1997–1998): National Underground Railroad Network to Freedom Act of 1999|url=https://www.congress.gov/bill/105th-congress/house-bill/1635/actions|access-date=June 10, 2020|website=www.congress.gov|archive-date=June 10, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200610152302/https://www.congress.gov/bill/105th-congress/house-bill/1635/actions|url-status=live}}</ref> Wannan doka ta bai wa Hukumar Kula da Filayen Al’umma ikon kafa shirin National Underground Railroad Network to Freedom don tantance wuraren da suka shafi wannan hanyar, da kuma kiyaye su tare da yada labaran wadanda suka taka rawa a wannan tarihin. Hukumar ta rarraba wurare daban-daban da ke cikin wannan tsarin, tana wallafa labarai game da mutane da wurare, tana daukar nauyin gasa ta rubutu, kuma tana shirya taron kasa a kowane watan Mayu ko Yuni dangane da wannan hanyar Underground Railroad.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nps.gov/subjects/undergroundrailroad/index.htm|title=Network to Freedom Homepage|website=www.nps.gov|access-date=January 16, 2017|archive-date=December 3, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181203193655/https://www.nps.gov/subjects/ugrr/index.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> Harriet Tubman Underground Railroad National Historical Park, wanda ya hada da hanyoyin Underground Railroad a cikin gundumomi uku na gabashin Maryland da wurin da Harriet Tubman ta fito, an kirkire shi ne daga Shugaba Barack Obama a ranar 25 ga Maris, 2013 karkashin Dokar Kayayyakin Tarihi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Management – Harriet Tubman Underground Railroad National Historical Park (U.S. National Park Service)|url=https://www.nps.gov/hatu/learn/management/index.htm|access-date=June 10, 2020|website=www.nps.gov|language=en|archive-date=June 10, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200610193537/https://www.nps.gov/hatu/learn/management/index.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> Wurin ajiyar tarihin ‘yar uwa da wannan park din, Harriet Tubman National Historical Park a Auburn, New York, an kafa shi a ranar 10 ga Janairu, 2017, kuma yana mai da hankali kan shekaru na karshen rayuwar Tubman da kuma rawar da ta taka a hanyar Underground Railroad da kuma fafutukar kawar da bauta.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Harriet Tubman National Historical Park (U.S. National Park Service)|url=https://www.nps.gov/hart/index.htm|access-date=June 10, 2020|website=www.nps.gov|language=en|archive-date=June 10, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200610054259/https://www.nps.gov/hart/index.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> ==Watan Kasa da Kasa na Underground Railroad== An ware watan Satumba a matsayin Watan Kasa da Kasa na Underground Railroad, saboda Satumba ne lokacin da Harriet Tubman da Frederick Douglass suka tsere daga bauta.<ref>{{cite web |title=International Underground Railroad Month |url=https://www.nps.gov/subjects/undergroundrailroad/international-underground-railroad-month.htm |website=The National Park Service |access-date=18 September 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=September is Underground Railroad Month in Maryland |url=https://www.somdnews.com/news/state/september-is-underground-railroad-month-in-maryland/article_7cecbb74-6add-11ef-95fb-a7670ec183af.html |access-date=18 September 2024 |agency=Southern Maryland News |date=2024}}</ref> ==A cikin Al'adu== File:2023 Ohio American Innovation Dollar.jpg|thumb|An tunawa da Underground Railroad a baya na 2023 Ohio American Innovation dollar ===Shawarwari don Kirkira=== * ''The Underground Railroad'' wani littafi ne na 2016 wanda Colson Whitehead ya rubuta. Ya lashe lambar yabo ta National Book Award a 2016 da kuma Pulitzer Prize for Fiction a 2017.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulitzer.org/winners/colson-whitehead|title=The 2017 Pulitzer Prize Winner in Fiction|website=pulitzer.org|language=en|access-date=April 10, 2017|archive-date=April 11, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170411091928/https://www.pulitzer.org/winners/colson-whitehead|url-status=live}}</ref> * ''The Underground Railroad'' jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin ne na 2021 da aka dogara da littafin Whitehead. * ''Underground'' wani shiri ne na talabijin na Amurka da ya fara a 2016, a kan WGN America. ===Littattafai=== * David Walker (1829) ''Appeal to the Coloured Citizens of the World'' * Harriet Beecher Stowe (1852) ''Uncle Tom's Cabin'' * Caroline Lee Hentz (1854) ''The Planter's Northern Bride'' * William M. Mitchell (1860) The Under-Ground Railroad<ref>{{cite wikisource |title=The Under-Ground Railroad |last=Mitchell |first=William |year=1860 |publisher=W. Tweedie |scan=Index:The Under-Ground Railroad.djvu}}</ref> * Sarah Hopkins Bradford (1869) ''Scenes in the Life of Harriet Tubman''; (1896) ''Harriet Tubman, Moses of Her People'' * Barbara Smucker (1977) ''Underground to Canada'' ===Waka=== Underground Railroad wani kamfani ne da Tupac Shakur, Big D the Impossible, Shock G, Pee Wee, Jeremy, Raw Fusion da Live Squad suka kafa don tallafa wa matasa maza da mata baki wajen kirkirar wakoki, da ba su damar fara da ci gaba da aikinsu na waka.<ref>{{Cite web|url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rRdVJzMhwzg|title = 2Pac Full UNSEEN Interview (1992) Speaks on Police Brutality|website = YouTube| date=January 20, 2018 |access-date = January 29, 2022|archive-date = January 29, 2022|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220129032503/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rRdVJzMhwzg|url-status = live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url = https://medium.com/@2pac/2pacalypse-now-1991-biography-part-2-cdc5d38b57fc|title = 2Pacalypse Now 1991 Biography, Part 2|date = December 19, 2016|access-date = January 29, 2022|archive-date = January 29, 2022|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220129032502/https://medium.com/@2pac/2pacalypse-now-1991-biography-part-2-cdc5d38b57fc|url-status = live}}</ref> ===Kwafi (Comics)=== A cikin ''Big Jim and the White Boy'', David F. Walker da Marcus Kwame Anderson sun sake fasalta labarin Mark Twain ''Adventures of Huckleberry Finn'' a cikin sabuwar labarin zane, inda Big Jim da Huck suka zama wakilan Underground Railroad yayin da suke tafiya cikin Amurka a lokacin yakin basasa don ceton dangin da aka bautar.<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Walker|first1=David F.|last2=Anderson|first2=Marcus Kwame|date=October 15, 2024|url=https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/621145/big-jim-and-the-white-boy-by-david-f-walker-and-marcus-kwame-anderson/|title=Big Jim and the White Boy: An American Classic Reimagined|publisher=Ten Speed Graphic}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist|2}} === Majiya === {{Refbegin}} * {{Cite news |last=Bird |first=Tyson |date=January 28, 2021 |title=The Little Known History of Texas' Underground Railroad |url=https://texashighways.com/culture/history/the-little-known-history-of-texas-underground-railroad/ |access-date=2021-07-05 |website=Texas Highways |language=en-US |archive-date=May 19, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210519021827/https://texashighways.com/culture/history/the-little-known-history-of-texas-underground-railroad/ |url-status=live }} * {{cite book|title=Passages to Freedom: The Underground Railroad in History and Memory|date=2004|publisher=Smithsonian Books|isbn=1-58834-157-7|editor=Blight, David W.|editor-link=David W. Blight|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/passagestofreedo0000unse}} * {{cite book|last=Bordewich|first= Fergus M.|author-link=Fergus Bordewich|title=Bound for Canaan: The Underground Railroad and the War for the Soul of America|date=2005|publisher=Harper Collins|isbn=0-06-052430-8|url=https://archive.org/details/boundforcanaanun00bord}} * {{cite book|first=William W.|last=Brown|author-link=William Wells Brown|title=Narrative of William W. Brown, a fugitive slave|location=Boston|year=1848|edition=2nd|publisher=The Anti-slavery Office|url=https://archive.org/details/ASPC0001881300/page/n1/mode/1up}} * {{Cite news |last=Burnett |first=John |date=February 28, 2021 |title=A Chapter In U.S. History Often Ignored: The Flight Of Runaway Slaves To Mexico |language=en |work=Georgia Public Broadcasting |url=https://www.gpb.org/news/2021/02/28/chapter-in-us-history-often-ignored-the-flight-of-runaway-slaves-mexico |access-date=2021-07-08 |archive-date=July 9, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709195907/https://www.gpb.org/news/2021/02/28/chapter-in-us-history-often-ignored-the-flight-of-runaway-slaves-mexico |url-status=live}} (heard on ''[[All Things Considered]]'') * {{cite book|last=Calarco|first=Tom|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RyEoBnpKYygC|title=People of the Underground Railroad: A Biographical Dictionary|date=2008|publisher=[[Greenwood Press]]|isbn=978-0313339240|location=[[Westport, Connecticut|Westport]], Connecticut|access-date=June 23, 2020|archive-date=July 29, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200729123339/https://books.google.com/books?id=RyEoBnpKYygC|url-status=live}} * {{cite book|last1=Calarco|first1=Tom |author1-mask=1|last2=Vogel|first2=Cynthia|last3=Grover|first3=Kathryn|last4=Hallstrom|first4=Rae|last5=Pope|first5=Sharron L.|last6=Waddy-Thibodeaux|first6=Melissa|date=2011|title=Places of the Underground Railroad: A Geographical Guide|publisher=[[Bloomsbury Publishing|Bloomsbury Academic]]|doi=10.5040/9798400697135|isbn=978-0313381461}} * {{cite book|title=Traveling the Underground Railroad: A Visitor's Guide to More Than 300 Sites|date=2000|publisher=Citadel Press|isbn=0-8065-2093-0|last=Chadwick |first= Bruce|url=https://archive.org/details/travelingundergr00chad}} * {{Cite news |last=Contreras |first=Russell |date=September 16, 2020a|title=Story of the Underground Railroad to Mexico gains attention |language=en-US |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/story-of-the-underground-railroad-to-mexico-gains-attention/2020/09/16/2db8daa8-f82f-11ea-85f7-5941188a98cd_story.html |access-date=2021-07-07 |issn=0190-8286}} * {{cite news |last=Contreras |first=Russell|author-mask=1|date=September 17, 2020b|title=Story of the Underground Railroad to Mexico gains attention |language=en-US |work=Sentinel Colorado |url=https://sentinelcolorado.com/uncategorized/story-of-the-underground-railroad-to-mexico-gains-attention/ |access-date=2021-07-03 |archive-date=July 9, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709183145/https://sentinelcolorado.com/uncategorized/story-of-the-underground-railroad-to-mexico-gains-attention/ |url-status=live}} * {{Cite news |last=Crable |first=Margaret |date=February 1, 2021 |title=USC Dornsife historian uncovers the Underground Railroad that ran to Mexico > News > USC Dornsife |url=https://dornsifelive.usc.edu/news/stories/3393/slaves-escape-via-underground-railroad-to-mexico/ |access-date=2021-07-05 |website=Dornsife, University of Southern California |language=en |archive-date=July 9, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709185029/https://dornsifelive.usc.edu/news/stories/3393/slaves-escape-via-underground-railroad-to-mexico/ |url-status=live }} * {{cite book |last=Foner |first=Eric |author-link=Eric Foner |title=Gateway to Freedom: The Hidden History of the Underground Railroad |publisher=W. W. Norton & Company, Inc. |year=2015 |location=New York |url=https://archive.org/details/gatewaytofreedom0000fone_a5t8/page/6/mode/2up |isbn=978-0-393-35219-1}} * {{cite book|last=Forbes|first=Ella|year=1998|title=But We Have No Country: The 1851 Christiana Pennsylvania Resistance|publisher=Africana Homestead Legacy Publishers|isbn=978-0965330817}} * {{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/ivegothomeinglor00smar|url-access=registration|title=I've Got a Home in Glory Land: A Lost Tale of the Underground Railroad|last2=Osei|first2=Kwasi|publisher=Farrar, Straus & Giroux|year=2007|isbn=978-0-374-16481-2|first1=Karolyn Smardz|last1=Frost}} * {{cite book |last=Griffler |first=Keith P. |year=2004 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xLKGinEZxygC |title=Front Line of Freedom: African Americans and the Forging of the Underground Railroad in the Ohio Valley |publisher=University Press of Kentucky |isbn=0-8131-2298-8 |access-date=November 20, 2015 |archive-date=July 9, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200709150206/https://books.google.com/books?id=xLKGinEZxygC |url-status=live }} * {{cite book|title=Beyond the River: The Untold Story of the Heroes of the Underground Railroad|date=2004|publisher= Simon & Schuster|isbn=0-684-87066-5|last=Hagedorn|first=Ann }} * {{cite book |title=Fleeing for Freedom: Stories of the Underground Railroad As Told by Levi Coffin and William Still |date=2003 |publisher=Ivan R. Dee Publisher |isbn=1-56663-546-2 |last1=Hendrick |first1=George |last2=Hendrick |first2=Willene |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/fleeingforfreedo00geor }} * {{citation |last1=Hendrick |author1-mask=1|first1=George |last2=Hendrick |first2=Willene |author2-mask=1|title =Black refugees in Canada: accounts of escape during the era of slavery |url =https://books.google.com/books?id=AoFl4pNZzNgC |year =2010|publisher =McFarland & Co |isbn =9780786447336 |access-date =November 20, 2015 |archive-date =July 9, 2020 |archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20200709145147/https://books.google.com/books?id=AoFl4pNZzNgC |url-status =live }} * {{cite book|last=Hudson |first=J. Blaine|title=Fugitive Slaves and the Underground Railroad in the Kentucky Borderland|date=2002|publisher=McFarland & Company|isbn=0-7864-1345-X|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/fugitiveslavesun0000huds}} * {{cite book |last=Hudson |first=J. Blaine|author-mask= 1|title=Encyclopedia of the Underground Railroad |date=January 9, 2015|publisher=McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers |isbn=9781476602301 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AKRI-GNca6oC |access-date=May 28, 2021 |archive-date=April 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220425214455/https://www.google.com/books/edition/Encyclopedia_of_the_Underground_Railroad/AKRI-GNca6oC?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=Maroon |url-status=live}} * {{cite book|title=Free Black Communities and the Underground Railroad: The Geography of Resistance|date=2014|publisher= University of Illinois Press|location= Urbana, Illinois|last=LaRoche|first=Cheryl Janifer}} * {{Cite news |date=October 25, 2018 |first=Becky |last=Little |title=Forgotten History: Mexico accepted slave migrants fleeing the U.S. |language=en-US |work=Vallarta Daily News |url=https://www.vallartadaily.com/forgotten-history-mexico-accepted-slave-migrants-fleeing-the-u-s/ |access-date=2021-07-08 |archive-date=July 9, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709185257/https://www.vallartadaily.com/forgotten-history-mexico-accepted-slave-migrants-fleeing-the-u-s/ |url-status=live }} * {{cite web |last=Little |first=Becky |author-mask=1|title=The Little-Known Underground Railroad That Ran South to Mexico |url=https://www.history.com/news/underground-railroad-mexico-escaped-slaves |access-date=2021-07-03 |website=HISTORY |date=January 29, 2021 |language=en |archive-date=July 9, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709182027/https://www.history.com/news/underground-railroad-mexico-escaped-slaves |url-status=live }} * {{cite book|last=Potter|first= David M.|author-link=David M. Potter|title=The Impending Crisis, 1848–1861|url=https://archive.org/details/impendingcrisis00pott|url-access=registration|date=1976|isbn=0-06-131929-5|publisher=Harper & Row}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.cr.nps.gov/nr/travel/underground/opugrr.htm|title=Operating the Underground Railroad|website=[[National Park Service]]|access-date=January 29, 2007|archive-date=December 26, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161226091541/https://cr.nps.gov/nr/travel/underground/opugrr.htm|url-status=dead}} * {{cite news|url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part4/4p2944.html|title=Part 4: 1831–1865 Narrative, The Underground Railroad|work=Africans in America c. 1780–1862: Judgment Day|publisher=[[Public Broadcasting Service|PBS]]|access-date=September 17, 2017|archive-date=June 22, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180622122605/https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part4/4p2944.html|url-status=live}} {{Refend}} ==Ƙarin karatu== * {{cite book|last=Blackett|first=R.J.M.| date=2013 |title=Making Freedom: The Underground Railroad and the Politics of Slavery|location=Chapel Hill|publisher= [[University of North Carolina Press]]|isbn=978-1-4696-0877-8}} * {{cite book|last=Bolton|first=S. Charles| date=2019|title=Fugitivism: Escaping Slavery in the Lower Mississippi Valley, 1820–1860|publisher=[[University of Arkansas Press]]|isbn=9781682260999}} * {{cite book|last=Clifford Larson|first=Kate |date=2004|title=Bound For the Promised Land: Harriet Tubman, Portrait of an American Hero|location= New York|publisher= Ballantine Books|isbn= 0-345-45627-0|author-link=Kate Larson (historian)}} * {{cite book |url=https://www.shockfamily.net/underground/index.html |title=Stories of the Underground Railroad |date=1941 |last=Curtis|first=Anna L. |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120331000922/https://www.shockfamily.net/underground/index.html |archive-date=March 31, 2012 }} (Stories about Thomas Garrett, a famous agent on the Underground Railroad) * {{cite book |last=Diemer |first=Andrew K.|title=Vigilance: The Life of William Still, Father of the Underground Railroad |publisher=Alfred A. Knopf |year=2022 |isbn=9780593534380}} * {{cite book |title=I've Got a Home in Glory Land: A Lost Tale of the Underground Railroad|url=https://archive.org/details/ivegothomeinglor00smar|url-access=registration|first1=Karolyn Smardz |last1=Frost |place=New York |publisher=Farrar, Straus and Giroux |year=2007|isbn = 9780374531256}} * {{cite interview|last= Jones|first= Leesa Bailey|interviewer= Brooks, Ellen|title= Leesa Jones Interview|work= State Archives of North Carolina (Oral History)|date= January 7, 2020|location= Washington, N.C|url= https://digital.ncdcr.gov/digital/collection/p16062coll48/id/3/rec/1|access-date= February 27, 2021|archive-date= April 15, 2021|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210415025538/https://digital.ncdcr.gov/digital/collection/p16062coll48/id/3/rec/1|url-status= dead}} * {{cite book|title=The Underground Railroad: A Record of Facts, Authentic Narratives, Letters, &c., Narrating the Hardships, Hair-Breadth Escapes and Death Struggles of the Slaves in Their Efforts for Freedom, As Related by Themselves and Others, or Witnessed by the Author|url=https://archive.org/details/undergroundrailr00lcstil|last=Still|first= William|author-link=William Still|location=Philadelphia |date= 1872|publisher=Porter & Coates}} (Classic book documenting the Underground Railroad operations in Philadelphia). ** {{cite book|url=https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/15263 | title=Public domain ebook at Project Gutenberg}} ** {{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/DKC0088/page/n5 | title=Book at Internet Archive| date=1872}} ** {{librivox book | title=The Underground Railroad | author=William Still}} <!-- author: template extracts the last word in the name only --> * {{cite book|last=Strother|first=Horatio T.|date=1962|title=The Underground Railroad in Connecticut|publisher=[[Wesleyan University Press]]|isbn=9780819560124}} * {{cite book|last= Turner|first=Glennette Tilley|date=2001|title=The Underground Railroad in Illinois|publisher=Newman Educational Pub.|isbn=978-0938990055}} * {{cite book|editor-last= Walker|editor-first=Timothy Dale|date=2021|title=Sailing to Freedom: Maritime Dimensions of the Underground Railroad|publisher=[[University of Massachusetts Press]]|isbn=978-1625345936}} * {{cite book|last=Whitehead|first=Colson|author-link=Colson Whitehead|date=2016|title=[[The Underground Railroad (novel)|The Underground Railroad]]|publisher=[[Doubleday (publisher)|Doubleday]]|isbn=978-0-385-54236-4}}; winner of the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 2017 for its poetical, mythical reflection on the meaning of the Railroad in American history. ===Tatsuniya da almara=== * {{cite web |url= https://www.historyofquilts.com/underground-railroad.html |website= historyofquilts.com |title= Documentary Evidence is Missing on Underground Railroad Quilts |access-date= December 15, 2004 |archive-date= May 14, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110514184559/https://www.historyofquilts.com/underground-railroad.html |url-status= dead }} * {{cite web|url=https://historiccamdencounty.com/ccnews11.shtml |website=Historic Camden County|title=New Jersey's Underground Railroad Myth-Buster: Giles Wright is on a Mission to Fine Tune Black History}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.quilthistory.com/ugrrquilts.htm|website=quilthistory.com|title=Putting it in Perspective: The Symbolism of Underground Railroad quilts|access-date=December 15, 2004|archive-date=February 4, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130204013739/https://www.quilthistory.com/ugrrquilts.htm|url-status=dead}} * {{cite web|website=Womenfolk.com|url=https://www.womenfolk.com/quilting_history/abolitionist.htm|title=Underground Railroad Quilts & Abolitionist Fairs|access-date=December 15, 2004|archive-date=October 11, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141011102719/https://www.womenfolk.com/quilting_history/abolitionist.htm|url-status=dead}} ==Mahaɗa== {{sisterlinks|d=Q868393|c=Category:Underground Railroad|n=no|q=no|b=no|v=no|voy=Underground Railroad|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no}} {{Library resources box|onlinebooks=yes|label=the Underground Railroad}} * [https://www.nps.gov/subjects/undergroundrailroad/index.htm Underground Railroad] – National Park Service ** [https://www.nps.gov/subjects/undergroundrailroad/language-of-slavery.htm/index.htm Underground Railroad: Language of Slavery] * [https://www.antislaverystudies.org Underground Railroad Studies] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250211082937/https://antislaverystudies.org/ |date=2025-02-11 }} * [https://www.fergusbordewich.com/underground-railroad-timeline.html Underground Railroad Timeline] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250525170128/http://www.fergusbordewich.com/underground-railroad-timeline.html |date=2025-05-25 }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060715052736/https://www.fourr.org/ Friends of the Underground Railroad] * [https://www.freedomcenter.org National Underground Railroad Freedom Center] * {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20190515073420/https://www.ugrri.org/ Underground Railroad Research Institute at Georgetown College]}} * [https://www.worldcat.org/profiles/BECHS/lists/651523?view=&count=100&se=ts&sd=asc&qt=sort_ts_asc%20target= Underground Railroad in Buffalo and Upstate New York]: A bibliography by The [[Buffalo History Museum]] * [https://www.newspapers.com/topics/civil-war/underground-railroad/ Newspaper articles and clippings about the Underground Railroad at Newspapers.com] orv5kpscpnud8ikam5kopnlgh959wmm 0 102230 878745 841949 2026-07-08T00:50:24Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878745 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Ofishin Jakadancin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]]''', ko '''MONUSCO''' (ƙaddamarwa bisa ga sunanta na Faransanci Mission de l'Organisation des Nations Unies pour la stabilisation en République démocratique du Congo), rundunar kiyaye zaman lafiya ce ta Majalisar Dinkinobho a Jamhuryar Demokiradiyyar Kongo . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=MONUSCO Fact Sheet |url=https://peacekeeping.un.org/en/mission/monusco |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090419223317/http://www.un.org/Depts/dpko/missions/minurso/ |archive-date=19 April 2009 |access-date=2022-07-27 |website=United Nations Peacekeeping |language=en}}</ref> A halin yanzu an shirya janyewa daga ƙasar saboda ci gaban da kungiyar M23 ta samu a lardunan Arewa da Kivu ta Kudu.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=9 July 2024 |title=Congo UN peacekeepers pausing pullout, no timeline for next phase |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/congo-un-peacekeepers-pausing-pullout-no-timeline-next-phase-2024-07-09/ |website=Reuters}}</ref> Majalisar Tsaro ta [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] ce ta kafa MONUSCO a cikin Sai dai hazo da mai albarka Dhofar, dukkan gabar teku da }asashen da ke kewaye da tsaunukan Hajar, wani yanki ne na hamadar Tekun Oman da kuma yankin hamada, yayin da tsaunukan da kansu ke zama na musamman. 1279 (1999) da 1291 (2000) don saka idanu kan tsarin zaman lafiya na Yaƙin Kongo na Biyu, kodayake yawancin mayar da hankali daga baya ya juya zuwa rikici na Ituri, rikici na Kivu da rikici na Dongo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-02-12 |title=25 Years, 224 Abuse Allegations, No Peace: A Timeline of the UN Peacekeeping Mission in DRC |url=https://globalpressjournal.com/africa/democratic-republic-of-congo/25-years-224-abuse-allegations-no-peace-drc-kicks-un-peacekeeping-mission/ |access-date=2025-04-26 |website=Global Press Journal |language=en-US}}</ref> An san aikin ne a matsayin '''Ofishin Jakadancin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo''' ko '''MONUC''', acronym na sunansa na Faransanci Mission de l'Organisation des Nations Unies en République démocratique du Congo, har zuwa 2010. Ƙasashe masu zuwa (a cikin haruffa) sun ba da gudummawa tare da ma'aikatan soja: [[Bangladesh]], [[Beljik|Belgium]], [[Benin]], [[Bolibiya|Bolivia]], [[Bosnia da Herzegovina]], [[Brazil]], [[Burkina Faso]], [[Kamaru]], [[Kanada]], [[Sin|China]], [[Kazech|Jamhuriyar Czech]], Masar, [[Faransa]], [[Ghana]], [[Guatemala (ƙasa)|Guatemala]], [[Indiya]], [[Indonesiya|Indonesia]], Ireland, [[Ivory Coast]], [[Jodan|Jordan]], [[Kenya]], [[Malawi]], [[Maleshiya|Malaysia]], [[Mali]], [[Mangoliya|Mongolia]], Morocco, [[Nepal]], [[Holand|Netherlands]], [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], [[Najeriya]], [[Pakistan]], [[Peru]], [[Poland]], [[Romainiya|Romania]], [[Rasha]], [[Senegal]], [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]] ta Kudu, [[Sri Lanka]], [[Sweden]], [[Switzerland]], [[Tanzaniya|Tanzania]], [[Ukraniya|Ukraine]], [[Tunisiya]], United Kingdom, United Kingdom Bugu da kari, ƙasashe masu zuwa sun ba da gudummawa tare da ma'aikatan 'yan sanda: Bangladesh, Benin, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Kamaru, Kanada, [[Cadi|Chadi]], [[Jibuti (ƙasa)|Djibouti]], Masar, Faransa, Ghana, [[Gini|Guinea]], Jordan, [[Madagaskar|Madagascar]], Mali, Nijar, Najeriya, Romania, Rasha, Senegal, Sweden, Switzerland, [[Togo]], Tunisia, [[Turkiyya]], Ukraine da Yemen.<ref name=":0"/> Kasancewar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta farko a Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo, kafin wucewar Majalisar Tsaro ta Majalisar Dinkinobho (UNSCR) 1291, rundunar masu sa ido ce ta soja don lura da bayar da rahoto game da bin ƙungiyoyi tare da yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya, turawa da UNSCR 1258 ta baya ta ba da izini (1999). UNSCR 2556 (2020) yana ba da iko ga umarnin MONUSCO na yanzu.<ref name="UNSCR_2348(archived)">{{Cite web |title=UNSCR 2348 |url=http://www.un.org/en/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=S/RES/2348(2017) |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170523201352/http://www.un.org:80/en/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=S/RES/2348(2017) |archive-date=2017-05-23 |access-date=17 January 2018 |website=United Nations}}</ref><ref name="UNSCR_2348">{{Cite web |date=2017-03-31 |title=Security Council Resolution 2348 |url=http://unscr.com/en/resolutions/2348 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220625134700/http://unscr.com/en/resolutions/2348 |archive-date=25 June 2022 |access-date=2022-07-27 |website=United Nations Security Council}}</ref> Kimanin dala biliyan 8.74 aka kashe don tallafawa kokarin kiyaye zaman lafiya na MONUC a lokacin 1999 zuwa 2010.<ref name="MONUC_facts2010">{{Cite web |date=2010-06-30 |title=MONUC Facts and Figures |url=https://www.un.org/en/peacekeeping/missions/monuc/facts.shtml |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110826012246/http://www.un.org:80/en/peacekeeping/missions/monuc/facts.shtml |archive-date=2011-08-26 |access-date=2022-07-27 |website=United Nations}}</ref> &nbsp;Ya zuwa Oktoba , jimlar ƙarfin sojojin kiyaye zaman lafiya na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a DRC kusan 18,300.<ref name="UNSCR_2348(archived)"/> Fiye da ƙasashe talatin sun ba da gudummawar sojoji da 'yan sanda don kokarin kiyaye zaman lafiya, <ref name="MONUC_facts2010" /> tare da Indiya kasancewa mafi girman mai ba da gudana. <ref name="EUobserver_Pop2008">{{Cite web |last=Pop |first=Valentina |date=2008-11-19 |title=Europeans call for more UN troops in Congo |url=http://euobserver.com/9/27140 |access-date=15 March 2016 |website=[[EUobserver]]}}</ref> == Tarihi == === Shekaru na 1990 === Asalin wannan kasancewar soja na biyu na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo (DRC) an samo shi a cikin Yarjejeniyar Cire-Age ta Lusaka a ranar 17 ga Yulin 1999 da kuma Resolution 1258 na Majalisar Tsaro ta Majalisar Dinkinobho na 6 ga Agusta 1999, wanda ya ba da izinin tura matsakaicin jami'ai 90. Jami'an hulɗa na farko sun isa DRC a ranar 3 ga Satumba 1999. A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 1999 yawan jami'an hulɗa sun kai 55, waɗanda aka rarraba a cikin manyan biranen ƙasashe masu yaƙi ([[Ruwanda|Rwanda]], [[Uganda]], [[Burundi]], Zambia, [[Namibiya|Namibia]], [[Zimbabwe]], [[Itofiya|Habasha]]) ciki har da 24 waɗanda aka ajiye a [[Kinshasa]]. A watan Janairun 2000 sun kai adadin 79 kuma an yada su a duk yankin DRC. Manufar su ita ce su yi hulɗa da dukkan bangarorin da ke yaƙi, su ba da taimako na fasaha da kuma shirya tura masu lura da soja. === Shekaru na 2000 === ==== 2000 ==== A ranar 24 ga Fabrairu 2000 tare da ƙuduri na 1291, Majalisar Tsaro ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta ba da izinin tura matsakaicin ma'aikatan soja 5,537 a cikin DRC, gami da masu lura da soja 500. A ranar 4 ga Afrilu 2000 an naɗa Manjo Janar Mountaga Diallo na Senegal a matsayin kwamandan sojojin MONUSCO. Manufar ita ce ta sa ido kan aiwatar da Yarjejeniyar tsagaita wuta da sake tura dakarun da ke faɗa, don samar da shirin aiki don aiwatar da Yarinyar tsagaita gobara gaba ɗaya, don yin aiki tare da ɓangarorin don samun sakin dukkan fursunonin yaki, fursunonin soja da dawo da ragowar, don sauƙaƙe taimakon jin kai da kuma taimakawa Mai Gudanar da Tattaunawar Kasa. Da yake aiki a karkashin Babi na VII na Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Majalisar Tsaro ta Majalisar Dinkinobho ta ba da izini ga MONUC don ɗaukar matakin da ya dace, a wuraren da aka tura battalions din sojanta, don kare ma'aikatan Majalisar Dinkin duniya, wurare, shigarwa da kayan aiki, tabbatar da tsaro da 'yancin motsi na ma'aikatanta, da kuma kare fararen hula a ƙarƙashin barazanar tashin hankali na jiki. A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2000 an tura ma'aikatan soja 224, ciki har da masu kallo 148 a wurare goma sha uku a fadin kasar. Masu lura za su iya yin rikodin rashin amfani da tsagaita wuta, tashin hankali a [[Kisangani]] da lardunan Équateur da Katanga da kuma kasancewar sojojin kasashen waje a cikin DRC. A tura sojojin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ba zai yiwu ba saboda yanayin tsaro da rashin amincewar gwamnatin Kongo. ==== 2001 ==== Ko da yake farkon shekara ta 2001 har yanzu yana da matsala ta hanyar fadace-fadace, masu lura da soja na iya cika aikinsu dangane da rabuwar sojoji da kuma janyewar wasu sojojin [[Rundunar Tsaro ta Rwanda|Rwandan]] da Uganda. A watan Maris na shekara ta 2001, ƙungiyar tsaro ta farko ta Uruguay ta isa Kalemie. An tura rundunar a bangarori huɗu a [[Kananga]], [[Kisangani]], Kalemie da Mbandaka. A watan Yulin shekara ta 2001, ƙarfin rundunar ya kai sojoji 2,366, ciki har da masu lura da soja 363 da aka rarraba a cikin birane 22, da ƙungiyoyi 28 da ke sa ido kan rabuwar sojojin. Sojojin da suka rage sun kai 1,869. Sun fito ne daga Afirka ta Kudu, Uruguay, Morocco, Senegal da Tunisia. Rukunin tsaro sun kare kayan aikin MONUC a [[Kinshasa]], [[Kananga]], [[Kisangani]], Kalemie, [[Goma (birni)|Goma]], da Mbandaka. An kuma tura ƙungiyar kogin Uruguay da ƙungiyar kula da iska ta Afirka ta Kudu. Sojojin da aka tura sun kasance ne kawai don kare shafukan daga fashi da sata, rundunar ba ta da umarni ko ƙarfin kare fararen hula, ko ma don cire ma'aikatan MONUC. Bayan UNSCR 1355, masu lura da soja, a cikin iyawarsu, na iya ba da gudummawa ga zubar da makamai na son rai, sakewa, dawowa da sake hadewa na kungiyoyin makamai. Tare da Resolution na Majalisar Tsaro 1376, Majalisar Tsaro ta kaddamar da mataki na uku na tura sojojin MONUC, a gabashin DRC. An shirya shafin don tushen kayan aiki ya zama Kindu, Lardin Maniema. ==== 2002 ==== A shekara ta 2002, masu lura da sojoji 450, sun rabu cikin ƙungiyoyi 95, sun ci gaba da saka idanu kan tsagaita wuta tare da tsoffin layin gaba. Kungiyoyin sun kuma bincika keta dokar ta baci. Sojojin kasashen waje sun ci gaba da barin kasar. Rukunin kogin sun raka jiragen ruwa na farko a kan [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]], wanda ya sake buɗewa ga zirga-zirgar kasuwanci. A watan Yunin 2002 jimlar sojojin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya sun kai 3,804. Sojoji daga Ghana da Bolivia sun shiga rundunar, wanda fiye da kashi ɗaya bisa uku na sojoji 'yan Uruguay ne. Fiye da sojoji dubu daya ne aka tura a Kisangani. A ranar 14 ga Mayu 2002, wani mai lura da soja ya mutu a kusa da Ikela bayan fashewar ma'adinai a ƙarƙashin motarsa. A ranar 30 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2002, bangarori daban-daban sun sanya hannu kan Yarjejeniyar Pretoria kuma yanayin aikin masu zaman lafiya ya canza. Masu lura da soja sun sa ido kan janyewar sojoji 20,000 na Rwanda, amma kuma sun lura da karuwar tashin hankali na kabilanci a lardin Ituri. A ƙarshen 2002 akwai jimlar sojoji 4,200 na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a cikin DRC. Ta hanyar UNSCR 1445, Majalisar Tsaro ta ba da izinin karuwar ma'aikatan soja zuwa 8,500. An kuma amince da ka'idar dakarun shiga tsakani guda biyu masu zaman kansu - farar hula da sojoji. An ba da umurni ga MONUC don tallafawa tsarin zubar da makamai na son rai, demobilization, repatriation, reintegration and resettlement (DDRR), ba tare da amfani da karfi ba. ==== 2003 ==== An gudanar da ayyukan DDRR da yawa tare da hadin gwiwar farar hula a farkon shekara ta 2003. Kafin farawar sauyawa, an tura sojojin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a kan layin gaba. An fara babban sake turawa zuwa gabas. An rufe cibiyoyin daidaitawa guda huɗu da sansanoni 22 a yammacin ƙasar. Fiye da masu kallo ɗari sun sake turawa kuma sojojin Uruguay sun isa [[Bukavu]], Kivu ta Kudu da Lubero, Arewacin Kivu. Kungiyoyin masu lura sun sa ido kan mummunar gwagwarmaya da keta haƙƙin ɗan adam a Ituri. A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2003, an tura sojoji 800 na Uruguay a Bunia, Lardin Ituri a karkashin kudurin 1484. A cikin wannan watan wani mai kallo ya mutu a fashewar bam. A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2003 'yan bindiga sun kashe masu lura da sojoji biyu. Fitar da sojojin Uganda 7,000 a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2003 ya haifar da mummunan yanayin tsaro a lardin Ituri, wanda ya jefa tsarin zaman lafiya cikin haɗari. Sakatare Janar na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya [[Kofi Annan]] ya yi kira ga kafawa da tura dakarun kasa da yawa na wucin gadi zuwa yankin har sai an karfafa aikin MONUC da ya raunana. A cikin rahotonsa na biyu na musamman ga Majalisar Tsaro, Sakatare Janar na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya ba da shawarar sake fasalin ayyukan MONUC: don samar da tallafi ga sauyawa da kuma kula da tsaro a manyan yankuna na kasar. Dangane da haka, ya ba da shawarar kirkirar brigade a Ituri don tallafawa tsarin zaman lafiya. [[Fayil:KitshangaWar-36_(8538205595).jpg|thumb|sansanin IDP a kusa da wani tushe a Kitshanga]] A ranar 30 ga Mayu 2003, UNSCR 1493 ta ba da izinin tura rundunar sojan gaggawa ta wucin gadi (IEMF) a Bunia tare da aiki don tabbatar da filin jirgin sama da kare mutanen da suka rasa muhallinsu a sansanoni da fararen hula a garin. UNSCR 1493 ya ba da izinin karuwar ma'aikatan soja zuwa 10,800, ya sanya takunkumin makamai, kuma ya ba da damar MONUC don amfani da duk hanyoyin da suka dace don cika aikinta a Gundumar Ituri da kuma Arewa da Kivu ta Kudu, yayin da ya ɗauki ƙarin larduna su kasance cikin ikon MONUC. Gwamnatin Faransa ta riga ta nuna sha'awar jagorantar aikin. Ba da daɗewa ba ya fadada zuwa aikin da [[Tarayyar Turai]] (EU) ke jagoranta tare da Faransa a matsayin al'umma mai tsarawa wanda ke ba da yawancin ma'aikata kuma ya haɗa da gudummawa daga kasashen EU da wadanda ba na EU ba. Jimlar rundunar ta kunshi kimanin ma'aikata 1,800 kuma jirgin saman Faransa ne ya goyi bayan su a filayen jirgin sama a [[Ndjamena|N'Djamena]], Chadi da Entebbe, Uganda. An kuma kara karamin rukuni na 'yan Sweden na Musamman (SSG) mai shekaru 80. An kaddamar da aikin da ake kira Operation Artemis a ranar 12 ga Yuni kuma IMEF ta kammala turawa a cikin makonni uku masu zuwa. Rundunar ta yi nasara wajen tabbatar da halin da ake ciki a Bunia da kuma tilasta kasancewar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a cikin DRC. A watan Satumbar shekara ta 2003, an ba da alhakin tsaro na yankin ga aikin MONUC. <ref>{{Cite web |date=October 2004 |title=Operation Artemis: The Lessons of the Interim Emergency Multinational Force |url=http://pbpu.unlb.org/PBPS/Pages/PUBLIC/ViewDocument.aspx?docid=572&menukey=_5_2_4 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110605013600/http://pbpu.unlb.org/PBPS/Pages/PUBLIC/ViewDocument.aspx?docid=572&menukey=_5_2_4 |archive-date=5 June 2011 |access-date=31 October 2008 |website=United Nations Department of Peacekeeping Operations}}</ref> Girman rikice-rikicen soja a DRC ya sa Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta nemi ƙarin taimakon soja daga manyan iko. A watan Yulin shekara ta 2003, [[Indiya]] ta ba da sanarwar cewa za ta aika da ƙarin ma'aikata 300 da jirgin yaki daga Sojojin Sama na Indiya don ƙarfafa kokarin kiyaye zaman lafiya na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a DRC. A watan Satumbar shekara ta 2003, ƙungiyar Ituri ta kasance, gami da sojoji daga Uruguay, Bangladesh, Nepal, Pakistan, Indonesia, Indiya da Morocco. A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2003, jimlar masu kiyaye zaman lafiya 10,415 sun kasance a cikin DRC, wanda ya hada da raka'a na sojan ƙasa, raka'a injiniyoyi, raka'o'in helikofta, raka'ar kayan aiki, raka'an kiwon lafiya da raka'o-tafiye. ==== 2004 ==== ===2010s=== ====2010==== A bisa ga kudurin Kwamitin Tsaro mai lamba 1925 na 28 ga Mayu, 2010, an canza sunan MONUC a ranar 1 ga Yuli zuwa Ofishin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na Daidaita Hukuma a Jamhuriyar Dimokradiyyar Kongo (MONUSCO) don nuna sabon matakin da aka cimma a kasar. A watan Agusta 2010, 'yan tawayen Mai Mai sun yi kwanton bauna a wani sansani na 19th Kumaon Regiment na Sojan Indiya, inda suka kashe jami'an wanzar da zaman lafiya na Indiya uku.<ref name=TOI1>https://web.archive.org/web/20120905125527/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-08-19/india/28311544_1_indian-peacekeepers-indian-soldiers-congo-government 3 Indian peacekeepers killed in Congo, Times of India, 19 August 2010</ref> Harin ya sake farfado da kiraye-kiraye a Indiya don rage kasancewar sojojin kasar a Kongo saboda karuwar rikici a yankin. ====2011==== A watan Mayu 2011, ministan hadin gwiwar kasa da kasa na DRC ya bayyana burin gwamnatinsa na "ja da baya mai tsari, mai ci gaba" na MONUSCO saboda "daidaitawa" na dangantakar DRC da kasashe makwabta da kuma killace 'yan tawaye zuwa "wasu yankuna masu ware".<ref>http://www.rnw.nl/africa/bulletin/dr-congo-calls-un-withdraw-peacekeepers DR Congo calls on UN to withdraw peacekeepers {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121017052717/http://www.rnw.nl/africa/bulletin/dr-congo-calls-un-withdraw-peacekeepers |date=17 October 2012 }}, Radio Netherlands, 18 May 2011</ref> A watan Yuni 2011, Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta sanar da cewa za ta janye kimanin jami'an wanzar da zaman lafiya 2,000 kafin karshen watan.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20121018203957/http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=%2F2010%2F6%2F17%2Fworldupdates%2F2010-06-17T001737Z_01_NOOTR_RTRMDNC_0_-493692-1&sec=Worldupdates U.N. peacekeepers start Congo withdrawal, The Star, 17 June 2010</ref> Sanarwar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta zo ne bayan 'yan kwanaki da yanke shawarar Indiya na janye dukkan jirage masu saukar ungulu na yaki guda hudu kirar Mi-35 daga MONUSCO da kuma daga karshe ta dakatar da ayyukan wanzar da zaman lafiya a DRC.<ref name="WP_Lynch2011">{{Cite news |last=Lynch |first=Colum |date=2011-06-14 |title=India's withdrawal of helicopters from Congo points to wider trend |language=en-US |newspaper=Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/national-security/indias-withdrawal-of-helicopters-from-congo-points-to-wider-trend/2011/06/10/AGH5loUH_story.html |access-date=2022-07-27 |issn=0190-8286 |archive-date=20 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201220004508/https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/national-security/indias-withdrawal-of-helicopters-from-congo-points-to-wider-trend/2011/06/10/AGH5loUH_story.html |url-status=live }}</ref> ====2012==== File:UN-12-049 (8137919009).jpg|thumb|Mambobin Kamfanin Riverine na Uruguay suna sintiri a Tafkin Tanganyika, Maris 2012 {{main|2012 East DR Congo conflict}} A ranar 15 ga Nuwamba, an tura jirage masu saukar ungulu na MONUSCO don tallafa wa sojojin gwamnati yayin da suke yaki don dakatar da harin March 23 Movement a kudancin Kibumba; hadin gwiwar sojoji da na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya sun kashe kimanin mayaƙan M23 64.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/congo-democratic-un-idUSL5E8MLH6J20121121 |title=UN defends failed attempt to halt capture of Congo's Goma |date=21 November 2012 |publisher=Reuters |access-date=21 November 2012 |archive-date=29 November 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121129111232/http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/11/21/congo-democratic-un-idUSL5E8MLH6J20121121 |url-status=live |df=dmy }}</ref> A ranar 20 ga Nuwamba 2012, March 23 Movement sun kwace babban birnin lardin Goma bayan sojojin kasa sun ja da baya. Sojojin MONUSCO sun lura ba tare da shiga tsakani ba, domin umarnin su ya ba su izini kawai su kare fararen hula.<ref name=NYT2011>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/21/world/africa/congolese-rebels-reach-goma-reports-say.html |title=Congo Rebels Seize Provincial Capital |author=Jeffrey Gettleman and Josh Kron |date=20 November 2012 |work=The New York Times |access-date=18 November 2012 |archive-date=20 November 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121120190538/http://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/21/world/africa/congolese-rebels-reach-goma-reports-say.html?_r=0 |url-status=live |df=dmy }}</ref> Ministan harkokin wajen Faransa Laurent Fabius ya kira halin da ake ciki "matsala", yana mai lura da yawan adadin MONUSCO, kuma ya yi kira da a sake duba umarnin kungiyar.<ref>{{cite web|author=Jonny Hogg |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-congo-democratic-idUSBRE8AI0UO20121120 |title=Congo rebels seize eastern city as U.N. forces look on |publisher=Reuters |date=20 November 2012 |access-date=20 November 2012 |archive-date=21 November 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121121162508/http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/11/20/us-congo-democratic-idUSBRE8AI0UO20121120 |url-status=live |df=dmy }}</ref> Mai magana da yawun Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Eduardo del Buey ya ce jami'an wanzar da zaman lafiya "ba za su iya maye gurbin" sojojin kasa na Congo ba, ya kara da cewa sojojin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya 1,500 da ke Goma sun dakatar da harbin su saboda ba sa so su jefa rayukan fararen hula cikin hadari.<ref name=BBC2011>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-20405739 |title=DR Congo M23 rebels 'enter Goma city' |publisher=BBC News |date=20 November 2012 |access-date=20 November 2012 |archive-date=5 December 2012 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20121205032005/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-20405739 |url-status=live |df=dmy }}</ref> ====2013==== {{See also|United Nations Force Intervention Brigade}} File:FIB-training-22 (9311333487).jpg|thumb|Sojojin musamman na Tanzania People's Defence Force yayin atisayen horo a Sake, Yuli 2013 A watan Janairu 2013 shugaban MONUSCO Herve Ladsous ya gaya wa Kwamitin Tsaro na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a wani taro na sirri cewa manufar tawagar ita ce tura jirage marasa matuka guda uku a yankunan gabashin DRC. Amurka, Birtaniya da sauran membobin Kwamitin Tsaro sun goyi bayan ra'ayin. Sai dai, Rwanda, wacce ta musanta zargin kwararrun Majalisar Dinkin Duniya cewa tana goyon bayan March 23 Movement, ta nuna adawa da wannan shawarar. Tawagar Rwanda ta sanar da Kwamitin Tsaro na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya cewa Monusco za ta zama "mai tashin hankali" idan ta tura jirage marasa matuka a gabashin DRC. Sauran jami'an diflomasiyya, ciki har da Rasha, China, da wasu daga Turai, sun kuma nuna shakku. Sun ce akwai tambayoyin da ba a amsa ba game da wanda zai karbi bayanan daga jirage marasa matuka da kuma yadda za a yada su, suna bayyana rashin jin dadi game da ra'ayin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta zama mai tattara bayanan sirri.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.news24.com/Africa/News/Rwanda-opposes-use-of-drones-DRC-20130109|title=Rwanda opposes use of drones in DRC|publisher=News 24|date=9 December 2013|access-date=11 December 2013|archive-date=14 December 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131214115518/http://www.news24.com/Africa/News/Rwanda-opposes-use-of-drones-DRC-20130109|url-status=live}}</ref> A watan Maris 2013, Kwamitin Tsaro na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya ba da izini ga tura wata rundunar shiga tsakani a cikin MONUSCO don gudanar da ayyukan kai hari, tare da ko ba tare da sojojin kasa na Congo ba, kan kungiyoyin masu dauke da makamai da ke barazana ga zaman lafiya a gabashin DRC. Rundunar tana zaune a Sake, North Kivu, kuma tana kunshe da jimillar jami'an wanzar da zaman lafiya 3,069. An dora mata alhakin kashe kungiyoyin masu dauke da makamai, rage barazanar da ke fuskantar ikon Jiha da tsaron fararen hula da kuma samar da sarari don ayyukan daidaitawa.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=44876#.UizEW9JJOE0|title=Tanzanian troops arrive in eastern DR Congo as part of UN intervention brigade|publisher=United Nations|access-date=8 September 2013|date=10 May 2013|archive-date=28 September 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928085644/http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=44876#.UizEW9JJOE0|url-status=live}}</ref> Rundunar farko ta kunshe da bataliyoyi uku, daya daga kowace daga Afirka ta Kudu, Tanzania da Malawi tare da Rundunar da James Aloizi Mwakibolwa na Tanzania ke jagoranta.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.irinnews.org/printreport.aspx?reportid=98140|title=NGOs concerned about new DRC Intervention Brigade|publisher=IrinNews|access-date=30 July 2014|date=31 May 2013|archive-date=8 August 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808040120/http://www.irinnews.org/printreport.aspx?reportid=98140|url-status=live}}</ref> A ranar 30 ga Yuli 2013, Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta ba March 23 Movement wa'adin sa'o'i 48 don barin yankin Goma ko kuma fuskantar "amfani da karfi".<ref>http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2013/07/201373017252298401.html UN gives ultimatum to DR Congo rebels – Africa {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130801232357/http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2013/07/201373017252298401.html |date=1 August 2013 }}. Al Jazeera English. Retrieved 4 September 2013.</ref> Tsakanin 21 da 29 ga Agusta, gwagwarmaya mai tsanani a wajen Goma ta bar 'yan tawaye 57, sojojin gwamnati 10–23, fararen hula 14 da jami'an wanzar da zaman lafiya na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya guda daya daga Tanzania sun mutu. Sojojin gwamnati dari bakwai da ashirin da jami'an wanzar da zaman lafiya na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya goma ma sun ji rauni.<ref name="go">{{cite web |url=https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/casualties-congo-troops-forces-fight-rebels-20065097 |title=International News &#124; World News - ABC News &#124; Casualties as Congo and UN Forces Fight Rebels |publisher=abcnews.go.com |access-date=15 March 2016 |archive-date=28 August 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130828083647/https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/casualties-congo-troops-forces-fight-rebels-20065097 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="go2">{{cite web |url=https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/congo-conflict-spills-rwanda-20111030 |title=International News &#124; World News - ABC News &#124; Rebels Declare Ceasefire in Congo |publisher=abcnews.go.com |access-date=15 March 2016 |archive-date=1 September 2013 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130901121605/http://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/congo-conflict-spills-rwanda-20111030 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="un">{{cite web|url=https://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=45727#.UiMppjZHIpk|title=United Nations News Centre - DR Congo: UN chief deplores killing of Tanzanian peacekeeper|date=29 August 2013|publisher=un.org|access-date=15 March 2016|archive-date=5 November 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131105044543/http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=45727#.UiMppjZHIpk|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="enca">{{cite web|url=http://www.enca.com/africa/sa-snipers-kill-congo-rebels|title=SA snipers kill Congo rebels &#124; eNCA|author=eNCA|work=eNCA |publisher=enca.com|access-date=15 March 2016|archive-date=24 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924000423/http://www.enca.com/africa/sa-snipers-kill-congo-rebels|url-status=live}}</ref> File:A team of technicians prepares for the inaugural flight of an Unmanned-Unarmed Aerial Vehicles (UAV) in Goma, North Kivu province (11189522286).jpg|thumb|Wata tawagar kwararru tana shirye-shirye don fara jigilar jiragen sama marasa matuka (UAV) a Goma, lardin North Kivu, Disamba 2013 ====2014==== Bayan harin South Kivu na 2014 a watan Yuni 2014, Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta sanar da cewa za ta tura sojojin wanzar da zaman lafiya na MONUSCO zuwa yankin don kare al'ummar. "Wadannan ayyukan tashin hankali ba za a amince da su ba kuma suna bukatar dakatar da su nan da nan," in ji Kobler.<ref>{{cite news|title=Dispute over cows leaves 37 dead, 20 others injured in eastern Congo|work=Chicago Tribune|date=7 June 2014|author=Crispin Kyalangalilwa|agency=Reuters|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/2014/06/07/dispute-over-cows-leaves-37-dead-20-others-injured-in-eastern-congo/|access-date=8 June 2014|archive-date=8 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140608152438/http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2014-06-07/news/sns-rt-us-congo-massacre-20140607_1_national-liberation-forces-cows-burundi|url-status=live}}</ref> ====2015==== A watan Mayu 2015, 'yan tawayen Uganda na Allied Democratic Forces sun yi kwanton bauna a wani ayarin MONUSCO kimanin mil 7 daga Beni, inda suka kashe sojojin Tanzania biyu. An bayar da rahoton cewa wasu jami'an wanzar da zaman lafiya hudu sun bata.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-32605771 |title=Tanzanian UN peacekeepers killed in DR Congo near Beni |publisher=BBC News |date=6 May 2015 |access-date=27 November 2015 |archive-date=9 January 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160109004635/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-32605771 |url-status=live }}</ref> A watan Oktoba 2015, Maman Sambo Sidikou ya gaji Martin Kobler a matsayin shugaban MONUSCO.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.un.org/press/en/2015/sga1596.doc.htm |title=Secretary-General Appoints Maman Sambo Sidikou of Niger Special Representative for Democratic Republic of Congo |publisher=United Nations |date=8 October 2015 |access-date=8 December 2016 |archive-date=4 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161204185527/http://www.un.org/press/en/2015/sga1596.doc.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> File:Bintou Keita in Kalemie during covid-19 on 26 MARS 2021 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Shugaban MONUSCO Bintou Keita (a dama) a Kalemie a 2021, tana lura da matakan rigakafin COVID-19 ====2017==== A ranar 8 ga Disamba 2017, sansanin aiki na Semuliki, mil 27 daga garin Beni, an kai masa hari mai tsawo wanda ya yi sanadiyar mutuwar jami'an wanzar da zaman lafiya na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya 15 da sojojin Congo 5. An kuma raunata jami'an wanzar da zaman lafiya na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya 53. Akalla 12 daga cikin jami'an wanzar da zaman lafiya na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da suka mutu 'yan Tanzania ne.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2017/12/08/africa/africa-un-peacekeepers-killed/index.html|title=15 UN peacekeepers slain in Congo|author1=Joe Sterling|author2=Robyn Kriel|author3=Eric Levenson|date=8 December 2017|publisher=CNN|access-date=17 November 2018|archive-date=17 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181117151523/https://edition.cnn.com/2017/12/08/africa/africa-un-peacekeepers-killed/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.sky.com/story/fourteen-un-peacekeepers-killed-in-democratic-republic-of-congo-attack-11161884|title=Fourteen UN peacekeepers killed in Democratic Republic of Congo attack|access-date=17 November 2018|archive-date=8 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171208192535/https://news.sky.com/story/fourteen-un-peacekeepers-killed-in-democratic-republic-of-congo-attack-11161884|url-status=live}}</ref> An yi zargin cewa masu kai harin 'yan tawaye ne na Allied Democratic Forces (ADF).<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-42285871|title=UN peacekeepers killed in DR Congo|work=BBC News|date=8 December 2017|access-date=17 November 2018|archive-date=16 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181116151500/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-42285871|url-status=live}}</ref> Wannan ya kawo jimillar asarar sojojin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya tun lokacin da aka fara aikin a Kongo zuwa 93.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/dec/08/peacekeepers-killed-in-attack-on-un-base-in-dr-congo|title=Islamist attack kills at least 15 UN peacekeepers and five soldiers in DRC|first=Jason|last=Burke|date=8 December 2017|website=the Guardian|access-date=17 November 2018|archive-date=22 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181022005924/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/dec/08/peacekeepers-killed-in-attack-on-un-base-in-dr-congo|url-status=live}}</ref> ===2020s=== ====2022==== A watan Maris, saboda mamayewar Rasha na Ukraine na 2022, Ukraine ta janye rukunin jiragen sama na helikopta guda takwas.<ref name="UkraineWithdrawal">{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-62945971 |title=Ukraine troops leave DR Congo peacekeeping mission Monusco |last=Cyuzuzo |first=Samba |website=BBC |date=19 September 2022 |access-date=24 September 2022 |archive-date=25 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220925065053/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-62945971 |url-status=live }}</ref> Zanga-zangar adawa da MONUSCO ta barke a karshen watan Yuli a tsakanin zarge-zargen 'yan siyasa da fararen hula na Congo na rashin daukar mataki don kawo karshen rikicin Kivu a cikin kasar. Masu zanga-zangar sun bukaci MONUSCO ta fice daga kasar.<ref name="aj"/> A ranar 26 ga Yuli, mutane goma sha biyar sun mutu yayin da wasu 50 suka ji rauni yayin da jami'an wanzar da zaman lafiya na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya suka bude wuta a wata zanga-zanga a Goma, North Kivu.<ref name="aj">{{Cite web |date=2022-07-26 |title=At least 15 killed as anti-UN protests spread in eastern DR Congo |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/7/26/un-peacekeepers-troops-shoot-two-protesters-dead-in-goma-drc |access-date=2022-07-27 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en |archive-date=26 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220726212051/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/7/26/un-peacekeepers-troops-shoot-two-protesters-dead-in-goma-drc |url-status=live }}</ref> A ranar guda, jami'an wanzar da zaman lafiya uku da fararen hula bakwai sun mutu yayin wani hari kan sansanin MONUSCO da masu zanga-zanga suka kai a Butembo.<ref name="aj"/> A ranar 27 ga Yuli, masu zanga-zanga hudu a sansanin MONUSCO a Uvira sun mutu sakamakon girgizar lantarki bayan sojoji sun harbi kebul na lantarki wanda ya fado a kansu. Gwamnan South Kivu Théo Ngwabidje Kasi ya yi kira da a gudanar da bincike kan ko sojojin tsaro na Congo ne ko jami'an wanzar da zaman lafiya na MONUSCO suka harbi kebul din.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Kyala |first1=Crispin |last2=Bujakera |first2=Stanis |title=Four civilians electrocuted during Congo anti-U.N. protests |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/four-dead-anti-un-protests-spread-congo-2022-07-27/ |website=Reuters |access-date=28 July 2022 |language=en |date=27 July 2022 |archive-date=27 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220727150800/https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/four-dead-anti-un-protests-spread-congo-2022-07-27/ |url-status=live }}</ref> A watan Satumba, Ukraine ta janye sojojinta 250 daga tawagar.<ref name="UkraineWithdrawal"/> ====2023==== {{See also|2023 DRC anti-MONUSCO protests}} A watan Agusta 2023, masu zanga-zanga sun yi arangama da sojoji a wata zanga-zanga a Goma, Jamhuriyar Dimokradiyyar Kongo, game da sojojin MONUSCO saboda kasa hana tashin hankalin 'yan tawaye a kan fararen hula. A cewar rahotanni, adadin wadanda suka mutu ya kai 56 a ranar 5 ga Satumba, 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Two officers arrested over DR Congo crackdown as death toll rises to 56 |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/5/two-officers-arrested-in-dr-congo-for-crackdown-that-killed-43-people |access-date=2024-09-09 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en}}</ref> ====2024==== Jamhuriyar Dimokradiyyar Kongo ta yi kira ga MONUSCO da ta fice daga kasar a tsakanin karuwar fahimtar cewa suna kasa kare fararen hula.<ref>{{Cite web |title=All UN peacekeepers to leave DR Congo by end of 2024 |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/1/13/un-says-all-peacekeepers-will-leave-dr-congo-by-end-of-2024 |access-date=2024-12-03 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en}}</ref> MONUSCO ta fara amincewa da cikakken janye sojojinta kafin karshen shekara, tare da farkon matakin janyewar da aka fara a watan Yuli, wanda ya hada da rufe babban ofishinsu a Bukavu, South Kivu.<ref name="MONUSCO Withdrawal">{{Cite web |title=PR: MONUSCO ending its mission in South Kivu after more than 20 Years of Service |url=https://monusco.unmissions.org/en/pr-monusco-ending-its-mission-south-kivu-after-more-20-years-service-0 |access-date=2024-12-03 |website=MONUSCO |date=25 June 2024 |language=en |archive-date=2024-12-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241203030432/https://monusco.unmissions.org/en/pr-monusco-ending-its-mission-south-kivu-after-more-20-years-service-0 |url-status=dead }}</ref> A watan Yuli, a tsakanin tsanantar hare-hare na M23 a North Kivu,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Security Council Renews Mandate of Stabilization Mission in Democratic Republic of Congo, Unanimously Adopting Resolution 2765 (2024) |2=Meetings Coverage and Press Releases |url=https://press.un.org/en/2024/sc15949.doc.htm |access-date=2025-01-04 |website=press.un.org |archive-date=2025-01-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250104011650/https://press.un.org/en/2024/sc15949.doc.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> an dakatar da janyewar kuma an dage shi har abada. Ministan Harkokin Waje Thérèse Kayikwamba Wagner ta bayyana damuwa game da haifar da raunin tsaro, tana mai cewa "za mu yi la'akari da ci gaban da muka gani a kasa kafin mu yanke shawarar da ta dace kuma mu fara wannan tsari lokacin da aka cimma mafi kyawun yanayi."<ref name=":1" /> ====2025==== [[File:Paula_Gaviria_Betancur_in_the_DRC.jpg|thumb|left|Mai Rahoto na Musamman, Paula Gaviria Betancur, a 2025 a DRC]] A watan Janairu 2025, M23 ta kwace iko da birnin Goma, kuma akalla sojoji 13 daga Rundunar Tsaro ta Kasa ta Afirka ta Kudu da daya daga Sojan Uruguay sun mutu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sundayworld.co.za/news/sandf-denies-surrendering-to-drcs-m23-rebels/|title=SANDF denies surrendering to DRC's M23 rebels|first=Mpho|last=Koka|date=28 January 2025|website=Sunday World}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-25 |title=Murió un soldado uruguayo de los cascos azules en el Congo y otros están heridos: el comunicado del Ejército |url=https://www.elpais.com.uy/mundo/murio-un-soldado-uruguayo-de-los-cascos-azules-en-el-congo-y-otros-estan-heridos-el-comunicado-del-ejercito |access-date=2025-02-01 |website=EL PAIS |language=es-UY}}</ref> A shekarar 2025, Mai Rahoto na Musamman na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Paula Gaviria Betancur ta ziyarci Jamhuriyar Dimokradiyyar Kongo (DRC) lokacin da akwai mutane miliyan 7 da suka rasa matsugunansu. Bugu da kari, akwai rikicin makamai kuma ta sadu da wasu daga cikin shugabannin. Ta yi kira da a ba da taimakon kasa da kasa da jagoranci daga gwamnati.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-05-30 |title=RDC: la rapporteuse spéciale de l'ONU tire la sonnette d'alarme sur le sort des déplacés |url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20250530-rdc-la-rapporteuse-sp%C3%A9ciale-de-l-onu-tire-la-sonnette-d-alarme-sur-le-sort-des-d%C3%A9plac%C3%A9s |access-date=2025-06-01 |website=RFI |language=fr}}</ref> ==Tsari== Hedikwatar tawagar tana Kinshasa, DRC. Tawagar tana kallon DRC a matsayin mai sassa 6, kowanne da nasa hedkwatar ma'aikata. A 2005-2006, an kafa sashin Gabas a Kisangani kuma ya karbi brigades a North Kivu, South Kivu, da Ituri, tare da biyu ko uku na Hedikwatar Sassa. Kudin da aka amince da shi na MONUC, daga 1 ga Yuli 2007 zuwa 30 ga Yuni 2008, ya kai dala biliyan 1.16, mafi girma ga duk wani aikin wanzar da zaman lafiya na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na yanzu. ===Kwamandojin Sojoji=== [[File:MONUC deployments Dec 2009.png|thumb|300px|Wurare da aka tura sassan MONUC a Disamba 2009]] ===Hedikwatar Sassa=== * Hedikwatar MONUSCO: Kinshasa * Sashe na 1: Mbandaka * Sashe na 2 da Hedikwatar Sashen Gabas: Kisangani * Sashe na 3: Kananga * Sashe na 4: Kalemie * Sashe na 5: Kindu * Sashe na 6: Bunia ===Adadin Sojoji da Rashe-rashe=== A watan Yuli 2004 akwai sojojin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya 10,531 karkashin umarnin MONUC. A ranar 1 ga Oktoba 2004, Kwamitin Tsaro na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya yanke shawarar tura karin sojoji 5,900 zuwa Congo, duk da cewa Sakatare-Janar na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Kofi Annan ya nemi kimanin 12,000. A ranar 25 ga Fabrairu 2005, 'yan wanzar da zaman lafiya na Bangladesh tara sun mutu a hannun 'yan kungiyar tsaron Nationalist and Integrationist Front a lardin Ituri. FNI ta kashe wani dan wanzar da zaman lafiya na Nepali kuma ta kama bakwai a watan Mayu 2006. Biyu daga cikin bakwai an sako su a karshen watan Yuni kuma Majalisar Dinkin Duniya tana kokarin tabbatar da sakin sauran biyar.<ref>http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/5119918.stm "An saki jami'an wanzar da zaman lafiya na DR Congo biyu" {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060708231348/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/5119918.stm |date=8 July 2006 }}, ''BBC'', 27 Yuni 2006</ref> Zuwa Nuwamba 2005, MONUC ta kunshe da sojoji masu uniform 16,561. A ranar 30 ga Yuli 2006, an dora wa sojojin MONUC alhakin gudanar da babban zaben Jamhuriyar Dimokradiyyar Kongo na 2006 - zaben farko na jam'iyyu da yawa a DRC tun 1960 - cikin lumana da tsari. Sojojin MONUC sun fara sintiri a yankunan gabashin DRC bayan barkewar rikice-rikice a ranar 5 ga Agusta biyo bayan rudanin tattara sakamakon zabe. Hukumar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kuma tana shirya shirye-shiryen horo daban-daban da gasa a Kongo ga sojojin Congo da na kasa da kasa. An gudanar da wata gasa makamanciyar haka tsakanin sojoji daga dukkan sojojin kasa da kasa kuma bataliyar sojojin Pakistan ce ta ci. Ya zuwa 31 ga Oktoba 2007, jimillar karfin sojojin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya kai ma'aikata masu uniform 18,407, ciki har da sojoji 16,661; masu sa ido na soja 735; da 'yan sanda 1,011; tare da goyon bayan ma'aikatan farar hula na kasa da kasa 931, ma'aikatan farar hula na gida 2,062, da masu aikin sa kai na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya 585. Zuwa watan Agusta 2024, a wani bangare ta hanyar rufe sansanonin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a Kudancin Sashe,<ref>{{cite web | url=https://peacekeeping.un.org/en/monusco-ending-its-mission-south-kivu-after-more-20-years-of-service | title=MONUSCO ending its mission in South Kivu after more than 20 Years of Service }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> kasancewar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya kai sojoji 14,000; masu sa ido na soja 660; 'yan sanda 591; da ma'aikata 1,050 na sassan 'yan sanda da aka kafa.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://peacekeeping.un.org/en/mission/monusco | title=Monusco | access-date=2025-06-11 | archive-date=2009-04-19 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090419223317/http://www.un.org/Depts/dpko/missions/minurso/ | url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya zuwa watan Agusta 2024, Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta rubuta jimillar mutuwar mutane 444 a tsakanin ma'aikatan MONUC da MONUSCO.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://peacekeeping.un.org/en/fatalities | title=Fatalities }}</ref> Wadanda suka mutu a MONUC (jimillar 161) sun hada da sojoji 100; masu sa ido na soja 10; 'yan sanda na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya 6; fararen hula na kasa da kasa 12; da fararen hula na gida 33. Wadanda suka mutu a MONUSCO (jimillar 283) sun hada da sojoji 159; masu sa ido na soja 3; 'yan sanda na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya 18; fararen hula na kasa da kasa 28; da fararen hula na gida 71.<ref>https://peacekeeping.un.org/sites/default/files/stats_by_mission_appointment_type_3_102_august_2024.pdf {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241007202226/https://peacekeeping.un.org/sites/default/files/stats_by_mission_appointment_type_3_102_august_2024.pdf |date=2024-10-07 }} {{Bare URL PDF|date=May 2025}}</ref> ===Ma'aikata da Sojoji=== A ranar 31 ga Oktoba 2007 MONUC tana da jimillar ma'aikata masu uniform 18,407, ciki har da sojoji 16,661, masu sa ido na soja 735, 'yan sanda 1,011, wadanda ma'aikatan farar hula na kasa da kasa 931, ma'aikatan farar hula na gida 2,062 da masu aikin sa kai na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya 585 suka tallafa musu. Ya zuwa watan Yuni 2022, manyan masu ba da gudummawar sojoji, a tsarin adadin sojojin baki daya sune Pakistan, Indiya, Bangladesh, Afirka ta Kudu, Nepal, Indonesia, da Maroko (kusan 10,000). A ranar 20 ga Nuwamba 2008, Kwamitin Tsaro na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya kada kuri'a baki daya don karfafa MONUC da karin jami'an wanzar da zaman lafiya 3,085 don magance matsala a rikicin Nord-Kivu na 2008.<ref name="CNN300"/> Sun kada kuri'a bayan kungiyoyi 44, karkashin jagorancin Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje ta Faransa, sun yi wa kwamitin takarda don tura karin sojoji don daidaita yankin.<ref name="CNNCoalition"/> Ya zuwa 31 ga Agusta 2011, sojojin MONUSCO sun hada da ma'aikata masu uniform 19,084, daga cikinsu 16,998 sojoji ne, 743 masu sa ido na soja ne kuma 1,343 'yan sanda ne (ciki har da sassan da aka kafa). Bugu da kari, sojojin sun hada da ma'aikatan farar hula na kasa da kasa 983, ma'aikatan farar hula na gida 2,828 da masu aikin sa kai na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya 600.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.un.org/en/peacekeeping/missions/monusco/facts.shtml |title=MONUSCO Facts and Figures – United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo |work=un.org |access-date=16 October 2011 |archive-date=15 October 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111015002326/http://www.un.org/en/peacekeeping/missions/monusco/facts.shtml |url-status=live }}</ref> ====Ma'aikatan Kwamanda==== File:MONUSCO Ml-24 flight reconnaissance in North Kivu.jpg|thumb|Ofishin jirgin sama na Ukraine yana sintiri a North Kivu Sunayen ma'aikatan kwamanda na MONUSCO sune kamar haka: * A watan Janairu 2021, an nada Bintou Keita don jagorantar MONUSCO kuma ta zama Wakiliyar Musamman ta Sakatare-Janar na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a DRC.<ref name=onorg>{{Cite web|date=2021-01-14|title=Ms. Bintou Keita of Guinea - Special Representative of the Secretary-General in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Head of the UN Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO)|url=https://www.un.org/sg/en/content/sg/personnel-appointments/2021-01-14/ms-bintou-keita-of-guinea-special-representative-of-the-secretary-general-the-democratic-republic-of-the-congo-and-head-of-the-un-organization|access-date=2021-07-02|website=United Nations Secretary-General|language=en|archive-date=1 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210801050743/https://www.un.org/sg/en/content/sg/personnel-appointments/2021-01-14/ms-bintou-keita-of-guinea-special-representative-of-the-secretary-general-the-democratic-republic-of-the-congo-and-head-of-the-un-organization|url-status=live}}</ref> ** 2018–21: Leila Zerrougui (Algeria) ** 2015–17: Maman Sambo Sidikou (Nijar)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.un.org/en/peacekeeping/missions/monusco/leadership.shtml|title=MONUSCO Leadership – United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo|work=un.org|access-date=14 February 2015|archive-date=14 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150214143714/http://www.un.org/en/peacekeeping/missions/monusco/leadership.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> ** 2013–15: Martin Kobler (Jamus) ** 2010–13: Roger A. Meece (Amurka) ** 2007–10: Alan Doss (Birtaniya) ** 2003–07: William L. Swing (Amurka) ** 2001–03: Amos Namanga Ngongi (Kamaru) ** 1999–2001: Kamel Morjane (Tunisiya) * Mataimakin Wakilin Musamman na Sakatare-Janar: Abdallah Wafy (Nijar) * Mataimakin Wakilin Musamman na Sakatare-Janar: Kim Bolduc (Kanada)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.un.org/press/en/2017/sga1768.doc.htm|title=Secretary-General Appoints Kim Bolduc of Canada Deputy Special Representative, United Nations Mission in Democratic Republic of Congo | Meetings Coverage and Press Releases|website=www.un.org|language=en|access-date=2018-12-04|archive-date=9 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709215203/https://www.un.org/press/en/2017/sga1768.doc.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> * Kwamandan Sojoji: Lieutenant General Derrick Mgwebi (Afirka ta Kudu) * Kwamishinan 'Yan Sanda: Général Pascal Champion (Faransa) ==Kasashe Masu Ba da Gudummawa == Ya zuwa 28 ga Fabrairu, 2025, jimillar ma'aikata a cikin tawagar sun kai 11,774:<ref>{{Cite web |title=Troop and police contributors |url=https://peacekeeping.un.org/en/troop-and-police-contributors |access-date=2022-07-27 |website=United Nations Peacekeeping |language=en |archive-date=30 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190630060533/https://peacekeeping.un.org/en/troop-and-police-contributors |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.un.org/en/peacekeeping/contributors/2013/jun13_5.pdf |title=UN Mission's Contributions by Country |date=30 June 2013 |publisher=Page 5, UN |access-date=17 July 2013 |archive-date=13 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180913181726/http://www.un.org/en/peacekeeping/contributors/2013/jun13_5.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>http://kitekinto.hu/afrika/2012/06/04/magyar_katonak_kuzdelme_afrikai_hadurakkal/#.UiTGc9LWVlk Sojojin Hungary sun yi yaki da sarakunan yaki na Afirka {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160501071559/http://kitekinto.hu/afrika/2012/06/04/magyar_katonak_kuzdelme_afrikai_hadurakkal/#.UiTGc9LWVlk |date=1 May 2016 }}. Kitekinto.hu. An dawo da shi 4 Satumba 2013.</ref> {{Image frame | caption= {{legend|darkblue|Gudummawar Sojoji (Jimilla)}} | pos=top | align = center | content = {{Graph:Chart | width=700 | height=200 | xAxisTitle=Kasa | yAxisTitle=Adadin Sojoji | type=rect | showSymbols= | colors=DarkBlue, gold, DarkRed | xAxisAngle=-50 | showValues=offset:5, fontcolor:DarkRed | x=Algeria, Bangladesh, Belgium, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Brazil, Cameroon, Canada, Chad, China, Ivory Coast, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Egypt, France, Gambia, Ghana, Guatemala, Guinea, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Jordan, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Mongolia, Morocco, Nepal, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Romania, Russia, Senegal, Serbia Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sweden, Switzerland, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Zambia, Zimbabwe | y=2, 1827, 1, 31, 0, 5, 3, 26, 23, 10, 17, 12, 229, 29, 2, 2, 25, 357, 5, 5, 27, 155, 27, 2040, 1051, 3, 220, 267, 1, 747, 6, 27, 2, 923, 1163, 25, 7, 1, 1975, 7, 6, 2, 2, 23, 19, 444, 1, 2, 952, 4, 2, 866, 28, 37, 9, 265, 6, 3, 828, 6, 3, }} }} {{Table alignment}} {| class="wikitable sortable col5right" |- ! scope="col" style="width:160px;" |Kasa ! scope="col" style="width:100px;" |'Yan sanda ! scope="col" style="width:100px;" |Kwararru ! scope="col" style="width:100px;" |Sojoji da jami'an ma'aikata !Jimilla |- | {{flag icon:Algeria}} | align="center" |0 | align="center" |2 | align="center" |0 |2 |- | {{BAN}} | align="center" |183 | align="center" |5 | align="center" |1756 |{{sum|183|5|1756}} |- | {{flag:Benin}} | align="center" |0 | align="center" |3 | align="center" |4 |{{sum|3|4}} |- | {{flag:Bhutan}} | align="center" |0 | align="center" |0 | align="center" |1 |1 |- | {{flag:Bolivia}} | align="center" |0 | align="center" |1 | align="center" |0 |1 |- | {{flag:Botswana}} | align="center" |0 | align="center" |0 | align="center" |2 |2 |- | {{flag:Brazil}} | align="center" |0 | align="center" |1 | align="center" |12 |{{sum|1|12}} |- | {{flag:Burkina Faso}} | align="center" |19 | align="center" |1 | align="center" |0 |{{sum|19|1}} |- | {{flag:Cameroon}} | align="center" |12 | align="center" |0 | align="center" |0 |12 |- | {{flag:Canada}} | align="center" |3 | align="center" |0 | align="center" |8 |{{sum|3|8}} |- | {{flag:Chad}} | align="center" |19 | align="center" |0 | align="center" |0 |19 |- | {{flag:China}} | align="center" |0 | align="center" |6 | align="center" |7 |{{sum|6|7}} |- | {{flag:Ivory Coast}} | align="center" |17 | align="center" |0 | align="center" |0 |17 |- | {{flag:Czech Republic}} | align="center" |0 | align="center" |1 | align="center" |0 |1 |- | {{flag:Djibouti}} | align="center" |21 | align="center" |0 | align="center" |0 |21 |- | {{flag:Egypt}} | align="center" |190 | align="center" |1 | align="center" |5 |{{sum|190|1|5}} |- | {{flag:France}} | align="center" |2 | align="center" |0 | align="center" |3 |{{sum|2|3}} |- | {{flag:Gambia}} | align="center" |8 | align="center" |0 | align="center" |2 |{{sum|8|2}} |- | {{flag:Ghana}} | align="center" |3 | align="center" |8 | align="center" |7 |{{sum|3|8|7}} |- | {{flag:Guatemala}} | align="center" |0 | align="center" |1 | align="center" |183 |{{sum|1|183}} |- | {{flag:India}} | align="center" |159 | align="center" |8 | align="center" |1098 |{{sum|159|8|1098}} |- | {{flag:Indonesia}} | align="center" |9 | align="center" |5 | align="center" |1028 |{{sum|9|5|1028}} |- | {{flag:Jordan}} | align="center" |11 | align="center" |1 | align="center" |137 |{{sum|11|1|137}} |- | {{flag:Kenya}} | align="center" |5 | align="center" |2 | align="center" |395 |{{sum|5|2|395}} |- | {{flag:Malawi}} | align="center" |0 | align="center" |1 | align="center" |744 |{{sum|1|744}} |- | {{flag:Malaysia}} | align="center" |0 | align="center" |3 | align="center" |5 |{{sum|3|5}} |- | {{flag:Mali}} | align="center" |20 | align="center" |0 | align="center" |0 |20 |- | {{flag:Morocco}} | align="center" |2 | align="center" |3 | align="center" |924 |{{sum|2|3|924}} |- | {{flag:Nepal}} | align="center" |5 | align="center" |8 | align="center" |979 |{{sum|5|8|979}} |- | {{flag:Niger}} | align="center" |20 | align="center" |1 | align="center" |2 |{{sum|20|1|2}} |- | {{flag:Nigeria}} | align="center" |3 | align="center" |1 | align="center" |1 |{{sum|3|1|1}} |- | {{flag:Pakistan}} | align="center" |3 | align="center" |10 | align="center" |361 |{{sum|3|10|361}} |- | {{flag:Paraguay}} | align="center" |0 | align="center" |3 | align="center" |3 |{{sum|3|3}} |- | {{flag:Peru}} | align="center" |0 | align="center" |0 | align="center" |2 |2 |- | {{flag:Russia}} | align="center" |10 | align="center" |2 | align="center" |2 |{{sum|10|2|2}} |- | {{flag:Senegal}} | align="center" |548 | align="center" |1 | align="center" |11 |{{sum|548|1|11}} |- | {{flag:Sierra Leone}} | align="center" |0 | align="center" |0 | align="center" |1 |1 |- | {{flag:South Africa}} | align="center" |0 | align="center" |0 | align="center" |1086 |1086 |- | {{flag:Sweden}} | align="center" |3 | align="center" |0 | align="center" |0 |3 |- | {{flag:Switzerland}} | align="center" |0 | align="center" |0 | align="center" |1 |1 |- | {{flag:Tanzania}} | align="center" |18 | align="center" |1 | align="center" |856 |{{sum|18|1|856}} |- | {{flag:Togo}} | align="center" |9 | align="center" |0 | align="center" |0 |9 |- | {{flag:Tunisia}} | align="center" |23 | align="center" |2 | align="center" |7 |{{sum|23|2|7}} |- | {{flag:Turkey}} | align="center" |5 | align="center" |0 | align="center" |0 |5 |- | {{flag:United Kingdom}} | align="center" |0 | align="center" |0 | align="center" |3 |3 |- | {{flag:United States}} | align="center" |0 | align="center" |0 | align="center" |3 |3 |- | {{flag:Uruguay}} | align="center" |0 | align="center" |4 | align="center" |704 |{{sum|4|704}} |- | {{flag:Zambia}} | align="center" |0 | align="center" |2 | align="center" |0 |2 |- | {{flag:Zimbabwe}} | align="center" |0 | align="center" |0 | align="center" |3 |3 |- ! Jimilla ! align="center" |1334 ! align="center" |89 ! align="center" |10351 !{{sum|1334|89|10351}} |} ===Fararen Hula=== Ma'aikatan fararen hula na kasa da kasa da masu aikin sa kai, da 'yan kasar DRC: 2,636 * Ma'aikatan kasa da kasa: 816 * Masu aikin sa kai na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya: 482 * 'Yan kasar DRC: 1,338 == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] rwkix8fhixu5m2me0do1ktc1j1s8ojk 0 103099 878776 787549 2026-07-08T06:21:11Z Nura Bello 24854 878776 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} A lokacin tarihin motsi na Ranar Ƙarshe, dangantakar da ke tsakanin '''Baƙar fata da Mormonism''' ta haɗa da bautar, warewa da haɗawa, da kuma nuna bambanci na hukuma da na hukuma. [[Bakar fata|Baƙar fata]] suna da [[hannu]] tare da ƙungiyar Ƙarshe tun farkonta a cikin shekarun 1830s. Abubuwan da suke samu sun bambanta sosai, ya danganta da yardar a cikin adalci da lokacin sa hannu. <ref name="Harris2015" /> Daga tsakiyar 1800s zuwa 1978, ƙungiyar Mormonism mafi girma{{Spaced en dash}}Ikilisiyar [[Isa|Yesu]] Almasihu na Waliyai na Ƙarshe (Cocin LDS){{Spaced en dash}}ya hana mata da maza Baƙar fata shiga cikin farillai na haikalinsa waɗanda suka zama dole don mafi girman matakin ceto, kuma an ware yawancin mazan Baƙar fata na Afirka daga naɗawa a cikin majami'ar coci, matsayin firist na maza duka . A wannan lokacin Ikilisiyar LDS kuma ta yi adawa da auren jinsi, ta goyi bayan wariyar launin fata a cikin al'ummominta da makarantun cocin, kuma ta koyar da cewa baƙar fata masu adalci za su zama fari bayan mutuwa. Shugabannin coci sun ɗage haikalin haikali da kabilanci na kabilanci a cikin 1978. A cikin 2013, Ikilisiyar LDS ta yi watsi da koyarwar da ta gabata game da tsere a karon farko. Ƙungiyoyin firistoci na yawancin ɗarikun ɗariƙar Mormon, irin su Bickertonite da majami'un Strangite, sun kasance a buɗe ga membobin kowane jinsi . Haka abin yake a cikin darikar Mormonism ta biyu mafi girma, Community of Christ (wanda aka fi sani da Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints ko RLDS), sai dai a cikin ƴan shekaru da aka hana baƙar fata shiga aikin firist. Ƙarin ƙungiyoyi masu ra'ayin mazan jiya, irin su Ikilisiyar Kirista ta Ƙarshe na Ƙarshe (FLDS), Apostolic United Brothers (AUB), da kuma Ikilisiyar Gaskiya da Rayuwa ta Yesu Almasihu na Waliyai na Kwanaki na Ƙarshe (TLC), suna ci gaba da cire mutanen Black kamar na 2018. Ra'ayoyin Ikilisiyar LDS game da Baƙar fata sun sāke a cikin tarihinta . Ra'ayoyin shugabannin Ikklisiya na farko game da bautar Baƙar fata sun tafi daga tsaka tsaki zuwa [[Kau da Bautan Bayi|kawarwa]] zuwa ra'ayi na bautar. Tun a shekara ta 1844, shugabannin coci sun koyar da cewa ruhohin Baƙar fata ba su da adalci a rayuwa kafin mutuwa (kafin a haife su). Wanda ya kafa Mormonism Joseph Smith da magajinsa a matsayin shugaban coci tare da mafi yawan mabiya, Brigham Young, dukansu sun koyar da cewa launin fata na Baƙar fata shine sakamakon la'anar Kayinu da Ham . A cikin karni na 20, yawancin shugabannin LDS sun yi adawa da yunkurin kare hakkin jama'a . A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, Ikklisiya ta yi Allah wadai da [[wariyar launin fata]] kuma ta ƙara yunƙurin wayar da kan jama'a a cikin al'ummomin Baƙar fata. Har yanzu ana zarginta da ci gaba da nuna wariyar launin fata ta hanyar rashin ba da uzuri, amincewa, ko kuma magance illar imaninta na baya da ayyukan wariya kamar wariya . <ref name="Black and mormon">{{Cite book|edition=Darron T.}}<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles></ref> {{Rp|7}}Shugabannin Ikilisiya sun yi aiki tare da Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru ( NAACP ) tun daga 2010s, kuma sun ba da gudummawar miliyoyin daloli ga ƙungiyoyin Black. Akwai kimanin 400,000 zuwa miliyan ɗaya membobin Cocin Black LDS a dukan duniya, kuma aƙalla haikalin cocin LDS guda biyar a Afirka . Ƙarin haikali goma sha huɗu suna wani mataki na ci gaba ko ginawa a nahiyar, ban da haikali da dama a tsakanin al'ummomin [[Al'ummar Afirka|ƙasashen Afirka]] da ke zaune kamar [[Jamhuriyar Dominika|Jamhuriyar Dominican]] da [[Haiti]] . Ƙungiyar Kristi tana da ikilisiyoyin a cikin ƙasashen Afirka goma sha biyu, tare da yawan membobinsu. <ref name="Increasing">{{Cite web |last=Hoyt |first=Amy |date=Aug 2020 |title=A Brief Introduction to Mormonism in Africa |url=https://research.cgu.edu/mormonism-migration-project/study-resources/mormonism-in-africa/ |publisher=[[Claremont Graduate University]]}}</ref> == Ra'ayin Joseph Smith == [[Fayil:Joseph_Smith,_Jr._portrait_owned_by_Joseph_Smith_III.jpg|alt=Painting of Joseph Smith|thumb| Wanda ya kafa Mormonism, Joseph Smith, ya bayyana ra'ayoyi da dama game da Baƙar fata a tsawon rayuwarsa.]] Ra'ayin Joseph Smith game da Baƙar fata ya bambanta a lokacin rayuwarsa. A matsayin wanda ya kafa ƙungiyar Saint Day ta Ƙarshe, Smith ya haɗa da Baƙar fata a cikin farillai da naɗaɗɗen firist amma yana da ra'ayi daban-daban game da wariyar launin fata da la'anar Kayinu da Ham . Ya sauya ra'ayinsa game da bauta sau da yawa, a ƙarshe ya ɗauki matakin adawa da bautar a baya a rayuwarsa. <ref name="Reeve 2015">{{Cite book|last3=W. Paul Reeve}}</ref> {{Rp|126}} {{Rp|79}}<ref name="Neither White Nor Black">{{Cite book|edition=Armand L.}}</ref> === Akan bauta === Smith da farko ya nuna adawa da bautar, amma ya guje wa tattaunawa game da batun bayan da aka tsara coci a 1830. {{Rp|16}}<ref name="Ty Andersen">{{Cite web |last=Andersen |first=Ty |title=Break Off the Shackles From the Poor Black Man: Joseph Smith's Abolitionist Rhetoric in the 1844 Presidential Campaign |url=https://www.academia.edu/1545972 |access-date=17 April 2023 |publisher=[[Academia.edu]]}}</ref> A cikin shekarun [[Missouri (jiha)|Missouri]], ya yi ƙoƙarin wanzar da zaman lafiya tare da maƙwabta masu goyon bayan bautar; <ref name="Saints, Slaves, and Blacks" /> {{Rp|16}}a shekara ta 1835, Ikklisiya ta bayyana cewa "ba daidai ba ne a tsoma baki tare da bayi-bayi, ko kuma yi musu baftisma sabanin nufin iyayengijinsu" ko sa "su kasa gamsu da yanayinsu a wannan rayuwa." <ref name="Saints, Slaves, and Blacks" /> {{Rp|17}} Smith ya buga wata makala mai tausayi ga bauta a cikin shekara mai zuwa, yana jayayya da yiwuwar "yakin kabilanci", yana ba da hujja ga bauta bisa la'anar Ham, kuma ya ce 'yan arewa ba su da "yancin cewa Kudu ba zai rike bayi ba, fiye da Kudu ya ce Arewa za ta yi." {{Rp|22}} {{Rp|212–214}}<ref>{{Cite web |last=Smith |first=Joseph |author-link=Joseph Smith |date=9 Apr 1836 |title=Letter to Oliver Cowdery, c. 9 April 1836 |url=https://www.josephsmithpapers.org/paper-summary/letter-to-oliver-cowdery-circa-9-april-1836/1 |website=[[The Joseph Smith Papers]] |publisher=[[LDS Church]]}}</ref> A lokacin zama na Nauvoo, Smith ya fara wa'azin abolitionism da daidaiton jinsi. Ya yi kira da "rushe [na] bauta" a lokacin yakin neman zabensa na shugaban kasa a shekara ta 1844, kuma yana so ya 'yantar da dukan bayin da aka yi a shekara ta 1850. <ref name="Harris2015" /> {{Rp|29}}<ref name="Ty Andersen" /> {{Rp|10}} === Akan haikali da shiga aikin firist === [[Fayil:Elijah_Abel.jpg|alt=Photograph of Elijah Abel|thumb| Iliya Habila shi ne farkon shugaban firist na LDS a cikin adadin mutane saba'in .]] A fili Smith ya kasance a wurin nadin firist Iliya Abel, mutum mai bambancin al'adu mai ban sha'awa na Baƙar fata, zuwa ofisoshin dattijo da saba'in kuma ya ba da izinin naɗa wasu Baƙaƙen maza cikin firist na Ikilisiyar farko. <ref name="Mauss 2003">{{Cite book|last3=Armand L. Mauss}}</ref> {{Rp|213}} Ko da yake Habila ya karɓi farillansa na wanke-wanke da shafewar haikali a ƙarƙashin Smith, bai karɓi kyautar haikalin ba; An ki amincewa da kokensa a kansu sama da shekaru talatin bayan haka, kuma babu wani tarihin wani Bakar fata da ya karbi kyautar Nauvoo. <ref>{{Cite book|last3=W. Paul Reeve}}</ref> Bayan mutuwar Smith, Brigham Young ya hana baƙar fata daga kyautar haikali, hatimin aure, da matsayin firist. <ref name="nytimes.com" /> Babu wata shaida ta zamani da ke nuna cewa ƙuntatawa na adawa da Baƙar fata-firist ya samo asali ne daga Smith. <ref name="Neither White Nor Black"/> <ref name="BushDialogue">{{Cite journal |last=Bush |first=Lester E. |author-link=Lester E. Bush Jr. |date=1973 |title=Mormonism's Negro Doctrine: An Historical Overview |url=https://www.dialoguejournal.com/wp-content/uploads/sbi/articles/Dialogue_V08N01_13.pdf |journal=[[Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought|Dialogue]] |publisher=[[University of Illinois Press]] |volume=8 |issue=1}}</ref> {{Rp|21}} === Akan daidaito da wariya === Smith ya ce baƙar fata da fararen fata za su fi kyau idan sun kasance "rabu amma bisa doka ɗaya", suna ba da shawarar wariya: "Idan da wani abu da na yi da negro, zan tsare su da tsauraran doka ga nasu jinsin, da kuma sanya su a kan kasa daidaita." Ya kuma ce, "Suna da rayuka, kuma su ne talakawan ceto. Ku shiga Cincinnati ko kowane birni, ku sami wani negro mai ilimi, wanda ke hawa a cikin abin hawansa, kuma za ku ga mutumin da ya tashi da ikon kansa zuwa ga maɗaukakin matsayi na girmamawa." == Manufofin LDS da koyarwa == === Rayuwar kafin mutuwa === Bayan mutuwar Smith a cikin 1844 da rikicin gado na watanni shida, babban magajinsa shine Brigham Young; reshen Brighamite na Mormonism ya zama Cocin LDS. A wannan shekarar, shugabannin LDS sun ba da gaskiya ga manufofin nuna wariya tare da imani cewa ruhohin Baƙar fata kafin rayuwa ta duniya sun kasance "masu shinge" tsakanin Allah da shaidan kuma ba su da nagarta fiye da fararen rayuka. Matasa sun ƙi wannan bayanin, amma manzanni Orson Pratt, Orson Hyde, da John Taylor sun goyi bayan ra'ayi kuma mambobin LDS sun yarda da shi sosai. <ref name="BushDialogue"/> {{Rp|27}} <ref name="Powerful">{{Cite journal |last=Stuart |first=Joseph R. |date=Sep 2018 |title='A More Powerful Effect upon the Body': Early Mormonism's Theory of Racial Redemption and American Religious Theories of Race |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/church-history/article/abs/more-powerful-effect-upon-the-body-early-mormonisms-theory-of-racial-redemption-and-american-religious-theories-of-race/6B910C6575F406655F36313AB5815270 |journal=Church History: Studies in Christianity and Culture |location=Cambridge, England |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |volume=87 |issue=3 |page=27 |doi=10.1017/S0009640718001580 |s2cid=165766064 |url-access=subscription |quote=These apostles [Orson Hyde and John Taylor] viewed skin color as an inescapable punishment for black Africans because of their own volition (premortal fence sitting) or their ancestors' choices (made by Ham or Cain).}}</ref> Ƙarni daga baya, a cikin wata sanarwa ta 1949, Fadar Shugaban Ƙasa ta farko (mafi girmar hukumar gudanarwa ta coci) ta ce baƙar fata ba su cancanci samun cikakkiyar albarkar bishara ba kuma sun kawo wahayin da suka gabata game da wanzuwa a matsayin barata. {{Rp|66}}<ref name="Neither White Nor Black"/> {{Rp|221}}Bayan an sauya haikalin da haikalin firistoci a cikin 1978, shugabannin cocin sun musanta imanin cewa Baƙar fata ba su da ƙwarin gwiwa wajen wanzuwa. Ikklisiya ta yi watsi da koyarwar da ta gabata game da launin fata a karon farko a cikin 2013, tare da yin tir da duk wata hujja ga haikali da hani na firistoci bisa ga pre-mutuwa. <ref name="Race and the Priesthood">{{Cite web |date=10 Dec 2013 |title=Race and the Priesthood |url=https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/manual/gospel-topics-essays/race-and-the-priesthood?lang=eng |access-date=17 April 2023 |publisher=[[LDS Church]]}}</ref> === La'anar Kayinu da Ham === [[Fayil:Ksenophontov_noah.jpg|alt=Painting of Noah cursing Ham|thumb| Nuhu yana zagin Ham. Smith da Young sun koyar da cewa Baƙar fata suna da la'anar Ham da la'anar Kayinu . <ref name="Marks">{{Cite journal |last=Stuart Bingham |first=Ryan |date=July 2015 |title=Curses and Marks: Racial Dispensations and Dispensations of Race in Joseph Smith's Bible Revision and the Book of Abraham |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5406/jmormhist.41.3.22 |journal=[[Journal of Mormon History]] |location=Champaign, Illinois |publisher=[[University of Illinois Press]] |volume=41 |issue=3 |pages=22, 29, 30–31, 43, 54–57 |doi=10.5406/jmormhist.41.3.22 |jstor=10.5406/jmormhist.41.3.22 |s2cid=246574026 |url-access=registration |quote=By preserving Cain’s line through Canaan, proponents of the Cain-theory version of the curse of Ham myth were able to unite the mark of Cain with the curse of slavery. ... We shall see that in his scriptural works Joseph Smith, like others, employed matrilineal ancestry to position Cain as an ancestor of the Canaanites ... Lastly, Smith’s explicit identification of African peoples with the cursed descendants of Cain, Ham, or Canaan outside of his scriptural texts is highly significant. ... Smith [referred] to blacks as 'the Negroes or Sons of Cain' in his personal journal ... Beyond the question of racial slavery, Smith consistently relied on the Cain-theory version of the curse of Ham myth as an account of racial origins. ... When he referred to the sons of Ham, Canaan, or Cain, he did so with the assumption that his audience understood who these sons were.}}</ref> {{R|Reeve 2015}} <sup class="reference nowrap">&#x3A;&#x200A;<span class="tooltip tooltip-dashed" style="border-bottom: 1px dashed;" title="Page: 256 Quotation: &quot;Joseph ... sought to 'show that the Indians have greater cause to complain of the treatment of the whites than the Negroes or Sons of Cain.'&quot;">256</span>&#x200A;</sup><ref name="BYCainCurse">{{Cite book|last3=Cleon Skousen}}</ref>]] Koyarwa game da la'anar Kayinu, la'anar Ham, da dangantakarsu da Baƙar fata sun canza a tarihin coci. Joseph Smith da Brigham Young sun kira la'anar Ham hujja ga bautar Baƙar fata. <ref name="Reeve 2015"/> {{Rp|126}}<ref name="JSHamCurse">{{Cite journal |last=Smith |first=Joseph |author-link=Joseph Smith |date=April 1836 |title=For the Messenger and Advocate |url=https://www.josephsmithpapers.org/paper-summary/letter-to-oliver-cowdery-circa-9-april-1836/2 |journal=[[Messenger and Advocate]] |publisher=[[LDS Church]] |volume=2 |issue=7 |page=290 |quote=After having expressed myself so freely upon this subject [of slavery], I do not doubt, but those who have been forward in raising their voices against the South, will cry out against me .... It is my privilege then to name certain passages from the Bible, and examine the teachings of the ancients upon the matter as the fact is uncontrovertible [sic] that the first mention we have of slavery is found in the Holy Bible, pronounced by a man [Noah] who was perfect in his generation, and walked with God. And so far from that prediction being averse to the mind of God, it remains as a lasting monument of the decree of Jehovah, to the shame and confusion of all who have cried out against the South, in consequence of their holding the sons of Ham in servitude. 'And he said, Cursed be Canaan; a servant of servants shall he be unto his brethren.' ... (Gen. 9:25–26). Trace the history of the world from this notable event down to this day, and you will find the fulfillment of this singular prophecy. [T]he curse is not yet taken off from the sons of Canaan, neither will be until it is affected by as great a power as caused it to come; and the people who interfere the least with the purposes of God in this matter, will come under the least condemnation before Him .... |via=[[The Joseph Smith Papers]]}}</ref> Smith ya yi imanin cewa duhu fata alama ce ta mutanen Baƙar fata na Afirka kamar yadda Allah ya la'ance shi. <ref name="Marks" /> {{Rp|27}}A cikin bita na Littafi Mai-Tsarki na King James da kuma samar da Littafin Ibrahim, ya bi diddigin yanayinsu zuwa la'anar da aka yi wa [[Kabila|Kayinu]] da Ham kuma ya danganta la'anar da ke cikin Littafin Ibrahim ta wurin sanya zuriyar Kan'ana ta Ham a matsayin zuriyar Kayinu da aka la'anta a baya. <ref name="Marks">{{Cite journal |last=Stuart Bingham |first=Ryan |date=July 2015 |title=Curses and Marks: Racial Dispensations and Dispensations of Race in Joseph Smith's Bible Revision and the Book of Abraham |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5406/jmormhist.41.3.22 |journal=[[Journal of Mormon History]] |location=Champaign, Illinois |publisher=[[University of Illinois Press]] |volume=41 |issue=3 |pages=22, 29, 30–31, 43, 54–57 |doi=10.5406/jmormhist.41.3.22 |jstor=10.5406/jmormhist.41.3.22 |s2cid=246574026 |url-access=registration |quote=By preserving Cain’s line through Canaan, proponents of the Cain-theory version of the curse of Ham myth were able to unite the mark of Cain with the curse of slavery. ... We shall see that in his scriptural works Joseph Smith, like others, employed matrilineal ancestry to position Cain as an ancestor of the Canaanites ... Lastly, Smith’s explicit identification of African peoples with the cursed descendants of Cain, Ham, or Canaan outside of his scriptural texts is highly significant. ... Smith [referred] to blacks as 'the Negroes or Sons of Cain' in his personal journal ... Beyond the question of racial slavery, Smith consistently relied on the Cain-theory version of the curse of Ham myth as an account of racial origins. ... When he referred to the sons of Ham, Canaan, or Cain, he did so with the assumption that his audience understood who these sons were.}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFStuart_Bingham2015">Stuart Bingham, Ryan (July 2015). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required">[https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5406/jmormhist.41.3.22 "Curses and Marks: Racial Dispensations and Dispensations of Race in Joseph Smith's Bible Revision and the Book of Abraham"]</span>. ''[[Journal of Mormon History]]''. '''41''' (3). Champaign, Illinois: [[University of Illinois Press]]: 22, 29, <span class="nowrap">30–</span>31, 43, <span class="nowrap">54–</span>57. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.5406/jmormhist.41.3.22|10.5406/jmormhist.41.3.22]]. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]]&nbsp;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5406/jmormhist.41.3.22 10.5406/jmormhist.41.3.22]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&nbsp;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:246574026 246574026]. <q>By preserving Cain's line through Canaan, proponents of the Cain-theory version of the curse of Ham myth were able to unite the mark of Cain with the curse of slavery. ... We shall see that in his scriptural works Joseph Smith, like others, employed matrilineal ancestry to position Cain as an ancestor of the Canaanites ... Lastly, Smith's explicit identification of African peoples with the cursed descendants of Cain, Ham, or Canaan outside of his scriptural texts is highly significant. ... Smith [referred] to blacks as 'the Negroes or Sons of Cain' in his personal journal ... Beyond the question of racial slavery, Smith consistently relied on the Cain-theory version of the curse of Ham myth as an account of racial origins. ... When he referred to the sons of Ham, Canaan, or Cain, he did so with the assumption that his audience understood who these sons were.</q></cite></ref> Karkashin jagorancin Smith, Brigham Young ya zama kamar bude ga Bakar fata masu rike da mukamin firist. A matsayinsa na magajin Smith, ya yi amfani da la'anar Littafi Mai-Tsarki a matsayin hujja don hana maza baƙar fata daga aikin firist, haramta auren jinsi, da adawa da haƙƙin jefa ƙuri'a na Baƙar fata. <ref name="Neither White Nor Black"/> {{Rp|70}}{{R|YoungTeachings}} <ref name="BYCainCurse">{{Cite book|last3=Cleon Skousen}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFSkousen2016">[[Cleon Skousen|Skousen, Cleon]] (2016). [https://books.google.com/books?id=PEySBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA586 ''Treasures from the Book of Mormon, Volume Two: Enos 1 to Alma 29''] (2016 eBook&nbsp;ed.). Brigham City, Utah: Brigham Distributing. p.&nbsp;586. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/9780934364492|<bdi>9780934364492</bdi>]] &#x2013; via [[Google Books]]. <q>Why are so many of the inhabitants of the earth cursed with a skin of blackness? It comes in consequence of their fathers rejecting the power of the Holy Priesthood, and the law of God. They will go down to death. And when all the rest of the children have received their blessings in the Holy Priesthood, then that curse will be removed from the seed of Cain, and they will then come up and possess the priesthood, and receive all the blessings which we now are entitled to.</q></cite></ref> Matashi ya ce za a ɗauke la'anar Allah a kan Baƙar fata wata rana, kuma za su iya samun aikin firist bayan sun mutu. {{Rp|66}} Bisa ga [[Baibûl|Littafi Mai Tsarki]], Allah ya la’anci [[Adam|Kayinu]] ɗan Adamu kuma ya sa masa alama bayan Kayinu ya kashe Habila ; rubutun bai fayyace yanayin alamar ba. {{Rp|xii}} Littafin littafin Smith, Lu'u-lu'u na Babban Farashin, ya kwatanta alamar Kayinu a matsayin fata mai duhu; {{Rp|12}} a matsayin shugaban coci, Young ya ce: "Mene ne alamar [Kain]? Za ku gan shi a fuskar kowane ɗan Afirka da kuka taɓa gani". {{Rp|42}} A wani labarin Littafi Mai Tsarki, ɗan Adamu na takwas Ham ya gano mahaifinsa [[Nuhu]] yana bugu da tsirara a cikin tantinsa. Saboda haka, Nuhu ya la’anci jikansa Kan’ana (ɗan Ham) a matsayin “bawan bayi”. <ref name="Reeve 2015"/> {{Rp|125}} Ko da yake nassosin LDS ba su ambaci launin fata na Ham ko na ɗansa, Kan'ana ba, wasu koyarwar coci sun haɗa da la'anar Hamitic tare da Baƙar fata kuma sun yi amfani da ita don tabbatar da bautar su. <ref name="Reeve 2015" /> {{Rp|125}} A shekara ta 1978, sa’ad da cocin ya ƙare haikali da hani na firistoci, manzo Bruce R. McConkie ya koyar da cewa la’anar Kayinu da Ham sun daina aiki a dā. {{Rp|117}}Shugabannin coci sun yi watsi da ra'ayin cewa baƙar fata alama ce ta la'ana a karon farko a cikin 2013. <ref name="Harris2015" /> {{Rp|59}} === Albarkatu na Uba === A cikin Cocin LDS, ana ba membobi albarkatu na uba. Albarka tana bayyana asalin dangin memba a cikin kabilar Isra’ila, tana bayyana karfi da rauninsu, kuma tana ba da shawara ga nan gaba. A karni na 19 da farkon karni na 20, membobi sun fi yin imani cewa sun fito ne daga kabilar Isra’ila.rp|13–15 Baƙaƙen membobin cocin LDS na farko wani lokaci ba su samun asali, ko kuma sun samo daga zuriyar Ham wadda ba ta Isra’ila ba.rp|106 Bayan wahayin 1978, ubannin wani lokaci ba su bayyana asalinsu ga baƙaƙen membobi ba; tun daga nan, wasu baƙaƙen membobi sun nemi (kuma sun samu) albarkar uba wadda ta haɗa da asali.rp|126 === Adalcin Baƙaƙen Mutane Zai Mai da Fari === Shugabannin cocin na farko sun koyar da cewa bayan mutuwa da tashin matattu kowa a cikin masarautar sama (mataki mafi girma na sama) zai zama "fari a dawwama." Sun kasance suna daidaita farare da adalci, kuma sun koyar da cewa Allah ya halicci 'ya'yansa fari a cikin surarsa.rp|231 Smith ya ruwaito cewa a cikin wahayinsa, Yesu yana da "fari fata" da "idanun shuɗi"—wata kwatance da wani mai bi Anson Call ya tabbatar a wani wahayi da aka ruwaito. Rahoton Hukumar Kare Haƙƙin Bil'Adama ta Amurka na 1959 ya gano cewa yawancin Mormons na Utah sun yi imani cewa "ta hanyar rayuwa mai adalci, launin fatar baƙaƙen mutane za su iya sake zama fari da faranta rai." Cocin kuma ya koyar da cewa fatar fari masu ridda za ta yi duhu, kuma a cikin bikin ba da sadaka na haikali (har zuwa akalla shekarun 1960) an ce Shaidan yana da fatar baƙa.rp|28 An gaya wa Baƙaƙen Mormons da yawa cewa za su zama fari. Hyrum Smith ya gaya wa Jane Manning James cewa Allah zai iya ba ta sabon asali, kuma ya yi mata alkawari a cikin albarkar ubanta cewa za ta zama "fari da faranta rai".rp|148 A cikin 1836, Elijah Abel ma an yi masa alkawari cewa zai "zama ... fari a dawwama".rp|38 Darius Gray, wani sanannen Baƙar fata Mormon, an gaya masa cewa launin fatarsa zai yi haske. A cikin 1978, manzo LeGrand Richards ya ce la'anar duhun fata saboda mugunta da alkawarin farar fata ta hanyar adalci ya shafi 'yan asalin Amurka ne kawai, ba baƙaƙen mutane ba.rp|115 Cocin LDS ta buga wani kasida a 2013 tana karyata waɗannan ra'ayoyin, tana bayyana koyarwar cocin da ta gabata tana tabbatar da takura a matsayin "ra'ayoyin gargajiya" na launin fata. Ta ce baƙar fata a cikin ilimin tauhidi na Latter-day Saint alama ce ta rashin biyayya ga Allah, kuma ba lallai ba ce launin fata. Wata malamar makarantar Lahadi an cire ta daga mukaminta saboda koyarwa daga wannan kasida a 2015. === Bauta === Farkon waɗanda suka tuba zuwa Mormon daga Arewa ne kuma suna adawa da bauta, wanda ya haifar da jayayya a cikin jihar Missouri mai bauta. Shugabancin cocin daga nan ya fara nisanta kansa daga kawar da bauta, wani lokaci yana tabbatar da bauta da koyarwar Littafi Mai Tsarki. Wasu fararen mutane da suka bautar da baƙaƙen mutane sun shiga cocin kuma sun kawo mutanen su da aka bautar dasu lokacin da suka koma Nauvoo, Illinois, kuma cocin ya hana tasiri ga mutanen da aka bautar don su "gaji da yanayin su".rp|17 Jayayya tsakanin Latter-day Saints masu adawa da bauta da masu bautar da su daga Kudu ta kai ga korar Mormons daga Jackson County, Missouri, a yakin Mormon na 1838. Joseph Smith ya fara yakin neman zaɓensa a kan manufar gwamnati ta sayi mutanen da aka bautar don samun 'yanci tsawon shekaru. Ya yi kira ga "rugujewar bauta" da kuma cire "sarkar daga bakon mutum".rp|54 Bayan kisan Smith a 1844, yawancin Latter-day Saints sun bi Young zuwa Utah (wani yanki na lardin Mexico na Alta [[California]] har zuwa 1848) a 1847. An kawo wasu mutanen da aka bautar zuwa Utah, kodayake wasu sun gudu. Brigham Young ya fara koyar da cewa bautar da mutane Allah ne ya umurce ta, amma ya ci gaba da adawa da samar da tattalin arzikin da ya dogara da bauta a Utah. Yankin Utah, a ƙarƙashin mulkin Young, ya halatta sayan baƙaƙen mutane da 'yan asalin Amurka don bauta a 1852. Daga baya a wannan shekarar Young ya taya majalisar dokoki murna yana mai cewa dokar ta sami sakamako da ake so kuma "kusan ta 'yantar da yankin daga launin fatar mutane."rp|p=227 A karkashin Young, Utah ta zartar da dokokin da ke goyon bayan bauta da hana baƙaƙen mutane jefa ƙuri'a, rike mukamin gwamnati, shiga sojoji na gida, ko auren fararen mutane. Dokokin bautar Utah sun bambanta da na jihohin Kudancin Amurka wajen ba da izinin bauta da ta fi kusa da bautar kwangila fiye da bautar gonaki ta Kudu.rp|69 An bautar da baƙaƙen mutane ashirin da shida a Yankin Utah, a cewar ƙididdigar 1850, kuma an ruwaito ashirin da tara a ƙididdigar 1860. Kamar sauran yankuna, ɗaya daga cikin manufofin dokokin bauta shine hana baƙaƙen mutane zama a Utah da kuma sarrafa waɗanda suke a can.rp|25 Yawancin sanannun membobin coci sun bautar da mutane, ciki har da William H. Hooper, Abraham O. Smoot, Charles C. Rich, Brigham Young da Heber C. Kimball.rp|52 Membobi sun sayi kuma sun sayar da mutane, sun ba wa cocin mutanen da aka bautar a matsayin zakka, kuma sun sake kama waɗanda suka gudu daga masu bautar da su. A California, an ba da izinin bautar da baƙaƙen mutane ba bisa ka'ida ba a cikin al'ummar Mormon na San Bernardino duk da dokokin California da ke hana aikin. Bayan yakin basasa, gwamnatin Amurka ta 'yantar da mutanen da aka bautar kuma ta ba wa yawancin manya baƙaƙen haƙƙin jefa ƙuri'a. Har zuwa farkon shekarun 1920, akwai daruruwan membobin Ku Klux Klan (KKK) a Utah. Kodayake shugabannin Coci sun adawa da KKK, wasu membobin LDS sun kasance membobin Klan. === Haƙƙin Bil'Adama === Bayan yakin basasa, kaɗan ne ya canza a matsayin coci game da baƙaƙen mutane da haƙƙinsu har zuwa motsin kare haƙƙin bil'adama.rp|2 NAACP ta soki matsayin cocin game da haƙƙin bil'adama, ta jagoranci zanga-zangar nuna adawa da nuna wariya kuma ta shigar da karar coci dangane da dabi'ar ta na kin barin baƙaƙen yara su zama shugabannin Boy Scout.rp|234 Dalibai daga wasu makarantu sun yi zanga-zangar adawa da ayyukan wariya na BYU da kuma takunkumin launin fata na coci. Cocin ya ba da sanarwa yana goyon bayan haƙƙin bil'adama, kuma ya canza manufofinsa na shugaban Boy Scout. Manzo Ezra Taft Benson ya soki motsin kare haƙƙin bil'adama kuma ya kalubalanci zargin zalunci na 'yan sanda.rp|78 'Yan wasa baƙaƙe sun yi zanga-zangar adawa da ayyukan wariya na BYU ta hanyar kin buga wasa da kungiyoyin makarantar. Bayan soke haramcin haikali da firistoci a 1978, shugabannin LDS sun yi shiru game da haƙƙin bil'adama kuma daga baya sun kulla kawance da NAACP. A shekarar 2017, shugabannin cocin na gida a Mississippi da NAACP sun fara aiki tare a kan ayyuka don maido da ofishin NAACP inda Medgar Evers ya yi aiki. A shekara mai zuwa, an sanar da cewa cocin da NAACP za su fara shirin haɗin gwiwa don ilimin kuɗi ga mazauna Gabashin Tekun a Baltimore, [[Atlanta]] da Camden, [[New Jersey]]. A shekarar 2019, shugaban cocin Russell M. Nelson ya yi jawabi a taron ƙasa na NAACP a Detroit. A watan Yuni 2020, wani mai magana da yawun NAACP ya ce babu "yarda daga cocin don yin wani abu mai mahimmanci... Lokaci ya yi yanzu fiye da kalamai masu daɗi." A taron cocin na Oktoba 2020, shugabanni sun la'anci wariyar launin fata kuma sun yi kira ga membobin coci da su ɗauki mataki a kansa. Nelson ya nemi membobin coci da su "jagoranci wajen watsi da halaye da ayyukan nuna wariya." A wancan watan, a wani jawabi a BYU, manzo Dallin H. Oaks ya la'anci wariyar launin fata, ya amince da saƙon "Rayukan Baƙaƙe suna da mahimmanci" (yana hana amfani da shi don gabatar da shawarwari masu rikitarwa), kuma ya yi kira ga membobin coci da su kawar da halaye, halaye da manufofin wariyar launin fata. === Rarrabuwa === A cikin ƙarni na farko na wanzuwarta, cocin ya hana mu'amala ta zamantakewa ko aure da baƙaƙen mutane kuma ya ƙarfafa rarrabuwar launin fata a cikin ikilisiyoyinsa, wuraren shakatawa, da jami'arsa, a cikin jinin jinya, da kuma a makarantun gwamnati. Joseph Smith ya goyi bayan rarrabuwa, yana cewa: "Zan iyakance su [baƙaƙen mutane] ta hanyar doka mai tsauri ga nau'insu". Har zuwa 1963, yawancin shugabannin coci sun goyi bayan rarrabuwar launin fata ta doka; David O. McKay, J. Reuben Clark, Henry D. Moyle, Ezra Taft Benson, Joseph Fielding Smith, Harold B. Lee, da Mark E. Petersen sun kasance manyan masu goyon baya.rp|67 An gaya wa baƙaƙen iyalai ta hanyar shugabancin coci kada su halarci coci, ko kuma sun zaɓi kada su halarci bayan fararen membobi sun koka.rp|68 Cocin ya ba da shawarar dokokin rarrabuwa kuma ya aiwatar da rarrabuwa a wuraren sa, kamar Hotel Utah da wasannin Tabernacle. Shugabannin coci sun ba da shawara ga membobi su sayi gidaje don baƙaƙen mutane kada su koma kusa da coci-coci na LDS.rp|67 A cikin 1954, manzo Mark E. Petersen ya koyar da cewa rarrabuwa Allah ne ya yi wahayinsa.rp|65 Shugabanni sun ba da shawarar rarrabuwar jinin da aka bayar, suna damuwa cewa ba wa fararen membobi jini daga baƙaƙen mutane na iya hana su firistoci.rp|67 Shugabannin coci sun adawa da kawar da rarrabuwa a makarantun gwamnati da kuma a BYU.rp|67 === Aure Tsakanin Kabilu === Kusan kowane shekaru goma fiye da karni, tun daga kafa cocin a shekarun 1830 har zuwa shekarun 1970, an ga la'anar auren tsakanin kabilu; yawancin sun mai da hankali kan auren baƙar fata da fari.rp|42–43 Matsayin cocin game da auren tsakanin kabilu ya kasance daidai tsawon sama da karni, yayin da halayen game da baƙaƙen mutane da firistoci da daidaitattun haƙƙoƙi sun canza. Ra'ayoyin shugabannin coci sun samo asali ne daga manufofin haikali da firistoci da kuma ka'idodin "halittu da zamantakewa" na wariyar launin fata na wancan lokacin.rp|89–90 A karkashin jagorancin Smith a Nauvoo, haramun ne ga baƙaƙen maza su auri fararen mata; ya ci tarar baƙaƙen maza biyu saboda keta haramcinsa. Aƙalla sau uku (1847, 1852, da 1865), Brigham Young ya koyar da cewa hukuncin auren baƙar fata da fari shine mutuwa; kisan ma'aurata baƙar fata da fari da 'ya'yansu wani ɓangare ne na fansar jini wanda zai zama albarka a gare su.rp|37, 39 Young kuma ya ce idan cocin ya amince da auren farare da baƙaƙen mutane, za a lalata shi kuma za a cire firistoci. Har zuwa (aƙalla) shekarun 1960, cocin ya ci tarar fararen membobin da suka auri baƙaƙen mutane ta hanyar hana su duka shiga haikali. Haramcin haikali da firistoci an ɗaga su a 1978, amma cocin har yanzu yana hana aure tsakanin kabilu.rp|5 Har zuwa 2013, aƙalla littafin jagora guda ɗaya na coci ya ci gaba da ƙarfafa membobi su auri a cikin kabilarsu. ==Takurawa Haikali da Fikira a Cikin Cocin LDS== [[File:Brigham Young by Charles William Carter.jpg|thumb|alt=Photo of Brigham Young|upright=0.7|Brigham Young ya jagoranci reshen mabiyan zuwa Utah, kuma a matsayin gwamna, ya halatta bautar Baƙar fata kuma ya aiwatar da takurawa haikali da fikira wanda ya dore sama da shekaru 120.]] Kodayake an nada wasu 'yan maza Baƙar fata a matsayin firistoci a ƙarƙashin Smith kafin mutuwarsa a 1844, daga 1849 zuwa 1978 Cocin LDS na Brighamite ya hana duk wanda ke da asalin Baƙar fata na gaske (ko wanda ake zargi) daga shiga cikin Ayyukan ibada a cikin Haikalinsa, hidima a cikin manyan kira na coci, yin mishan, <ref name="Stack2007">{{cite news |first=Peggy|last=Fletcher Stack |year=2007 |author-link=Peggy Fletcher Stack|title=Faithful witness: New film and revived group help many feel at home in their church|newspaper=The Salt Lake Tribune |url=https://archive.sltrib.com/story.php?ref=/ci_6316597}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Hale |first=Lee |date=May 31, 2018 |title=Mormon Church Celebration Of 40 Years Of Black Priesthood Brings Up Painful Past |work=All Things Considered |publisher=NPR |url=https://www.npr.org/2018/05/31/615911082/mormon-church-celebration-of-40-years-of-black-priesthood-brings-up-painful-past}}</ref> halartar taron firistoci,<ref name="embry">{{cite book |last=Embry |first=Jessie |url=https://archive.org/details/blacksaintsinwhi0000embr |title=Black Saints in a White Church |publisher=Signature Books |year=1994 |isbn=1-56085-044-2 |location=Salt Lake City |oclc=30156888 |url-access=registration|via=Internet Archive}}</ref>{{rp|64}} nadawa zuwa ofishin firist, yin magana a wuraren taro,<ref name="Harris2015" />{{rp|67}} ko karɓar asali a cikin albarkar uba.<ref name="Bates">{{cite journal |last1=Bates |first1=Irene M. |date=1993 |title=Patriarchal Blessings and the Routinization of Charisma |url=https://www.dialoguejournal.com/wp-content/uploads/sbi/articles/Dialogue_V26N03_11.pdf |journal=Dialogue |publisher=University of Illinois Press |volume=26 |issue=3 |access-date=17 April 2023}}</ref> An kuma haramtawa ma'auratan Baƙar fata da baƙar fata shiga haikali.<ref name=Development>{{cite book |last1=Anderson |first1=Devery S. |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=U8LLSAAACAAJ}}|title=The Development of LDS Temple Worship, 1846–2000: A Documentary History |date=2011 |publisher=Signature Books |isbn=9781560852117 |location=Salt Lake City |page=xlvi|via=Google Books}}</ref> Domin ana ɗaukar ayyukan haikali a matsayin masu mahimmanci don shiga babban matakin sama, keɓewar na nufin an hana Baƙar fata tserewa.<ref name=Kendall>{{cite journal |last1=White |first1=O. Kendall Jr. |title=Integrating Religious and Racial Identities: An Analysis of LDS African American Explanations of the Priesthood Ban |journal=Review of Religious Research |date=March 1995 |volume=36 |issue=3 |pages=296–297 |doi=10.2307/3511536 |jstor=3511536 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3511536|quote='Celestial' or 'temple' marriage is a necessary condition for 'exaltation' ... Without the priesthood, Black men and women ... were denied complete exaltation, the ultimate goal of Mormonism.|url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref name="Harris2015" />{{rp|164}}<ref name=BushDialogue/>{{rp|261}} An sassauta takurawa a hankali ta yadda Baƙar fata za su iya halartar taron firistoci kuma an ba wasu mutane da "asilin tambaya" firistoci, kamar Fiji, 'Yan Asalin Australiya, Masarawa, da [[Brazil]] da Afirka ta Kudu waɗanda ba a san asalin su ba waɗanda ba su da alamar asalin Baƙar fata.<ref name="Prince" />{{rp|94}} A cikin 1978, Shugabancin Farko na cocin ya fitar da Sanarwa ta Biyu a cikin 1978, yana ɗage takura launin fata; daga baya aka ɗauke shi a matsayin nassi.<ref name="Harris2015" />{{rp|108}}<ref name="Official Declaration 2"/> Fiye da shekaru 120 na takura, cocin ya ce Allah ne ya kafa su kuma sun ba da bayani da yawa dangane da launin fata, ciki har da imani cewa Kain da zuriyarsa an la'anta su,<ref name="Neither White Nor Black" /> cewa auren Ham da Egyptus ya sanya la'ana a kan zuriyar Kan'ana,<ref name="Harris2015" />{{rp|62}}<ref name="Neither White Nor Black"/> kuma Baƙar fata ba su da ƙarfin hali a rayuwarsu ta farko.<ref name="kidd" />{{rp|236}} Shugabanni sun yi amfani da nassosin LDS don tabbatar da bayanan, ciki har da Littafin Ibrahim (wanda ke koyar da cewa zuriyar Kan'ana baƙar fata ne, kuma Fir'auna ba zai iya samun firist ba saboda yana ɗaya daga cikin zuriyar Kan'ana).<ref name="Neither White Nor Black" />{{rp|41–42}} Tun daga 2013, ba a karɓi bayanan da suka gabata a matsayin koyarwar coci kuma cocin yana koyar da adawa da wariyar launin fata.<ref name="Harris2015" />{{rp|200}}<ref>{{cite news |last1=McCombs |first1=Brady |title=Mormons add call to eradicate prejudice, racism to handbook |url=https://apnews.com/article/race-and-ethnicity-coronavirus-pandemic-1122b62368dbabb8b0ae3b1499220b95|access-date=17 April 2023 |publisher=Associated Press |date=18 Dec 2020}}</ref><ref name=Despite/> ===Tarihi=== [[File:Jane Elizabeth Manning James.jpg|thumb|alt=Photo of a seated Jane Manning|Jane Manning ta kasance memba na farko na coci kuma baiwa<ref name="Saints, Slaves, and Blacks"/>{{rp|223}} a cikin gidan Smith a Nauvoo, kuma ta bi Young zuwa Yankin Utah. Ta nemi shugabancin coci don karɓar gudummawar haikali, amma an ƙi ta akai-akai saboda ita Baƙar fata ce.<ref name="Coleman 2008">{{cite book |last=Coleman |first=Ronald G. |title=African American Women Confront the West, 1600–2000 |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=uwKuLlDDT-wC}}|publisher=University of Oklahoma Press |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-8061-3979-1 |editor1-link=Quintard Taylor |editor1-last=Taylor |editor1-first=Quintard |location=Norman, Oklahoma |pages=144–162 |chapter='Is There No Blessing For Me?': Jane Elizabeth Manning James, a Mormon African American Woman |quote=Jane Elizabeth James never understood the continued denial of her church entitlements. Her autobiography reveals a stubborn adherence to her church even when it ignored her pleas. |editor2-last=Moore |editor2-first=Shirley Ann Wilson |chapter-url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=uwKuLlDDT-wC|page=144}}|via=Google Books}}</ref>{{rp|154}}]] A lokacin farkon shekarun motsin Latter Day Saint, aƙalla 'yan maza Baƙar fata biyu sun zama firistoci: Elijah Abel da Walker Lewis.<ref name="Mauss 2003"/>{{rp|213}} Abel ya sami ofishin firist na Dattijo da ofishin Seventi, a bayyane a gaban Smith.<ref name="Mauss 2003" />{{rp|213}} Masana tarihi Armand Mauss da Lester E. Bush Jr. sun gano cewa bayanan game da goyon bayan Smith ga takurawar sun kasance sakamakon ƙoƙarin sulhu na shugabannin coci daga baya bayan mutuwarsa don daidaita manufofin Smith da Brigham Young.<ref name="Neither White Nor Black" /><ref name=BushDialogue/>{{rp|21}} Tushen yana ba da shawarar wasu masu riƙe da firist na Baƙar fata a farkon coci, ciki har da Peter Kerr da baƙon Jamaica Joseph T. Ball.<ref name=Ball>{{cite web |title=Century of Black Mormons: Ball, Joseph T. |url=https://exhibits.lib.utah.edu/s/century-of-black-mormons/page/ball-joseph-t#?c=&m=&s=&cv=&xywh=-1529%2C-215%2C5566%2C4288 |publisher=University of Utah}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last= Staker|pages=64–65|first= Mark L.|date= 2009|title= Hearken, O Ye People: The Historical Setting of Joseph Smith's Ohio Revelations|publisher= Greg Kofford Books|isbn= 9781589581135|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P39lEAAAQBAJ|via=Google Books}}</ref> Sauran manyan membobin Baƙar fata na farkon cocin sun haɗa da Jane Manning James, Green Flake, da Samuel D. Chambers.<ref>{{cite web|author=Kiser, Benjamin|title='Flake, Green.' Century of Black Mormons|publisher=University of Utah|url=https://exhibits.lib.utah.edu/s/century-of-black-mormons/page/flake-green#?c=&m=&s=&cv=&xywh=-298%2C-63%2C1618%2C1247}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Riess| first=Jana|author-link=Jana Riess|title=Black Mormon Pioneer Jane Manning James Finally Gets Her Due|publisher=Religion News Service|date=21 Nov 2019|url=https://religionnews.com/2019/06/13/black-mormon-pioneer-jane-manning-james-finally-gets-her-due/}}</ref><ref name="embry"/>{{rp|40–41}} Bayan mutuwar Smith a 1844 da rikicin maye gurbin watanni shida, Young ya zama shugaban mafi yawan mabiyan Smith kuma ya jagoranci majagaba na Mormon zuwa abin da zai zama Yankin Utah. Kamar yawancin shugabannin Amurka a lokacin, Young ya inganta ra'ayoyin nuna bambanci game da Baƙar fata lokacin da yake gwamnan yanki.<ref>{{cite news |last=Riess |first=Jana |author-link=Jana Riess |title=Was Brigham Young a racist? |url=https://religionnews.com/2014/04/16/brigham-young-racist/ |work=Religion News Service |date=16 Apr 2014}}</ref> A cikin 1852, Young ya gaya wa Majalisar Dokoki ta Yankin Utah cewa "kowane mutum da ke da digo ɗaya na zuriyar Kain... a cikinsa ba zai iya riƙe firist ba."<ref name="Neither White Nor Black" />{{rp|70}} ===Manufa da Dokoki=== Shugabannin coci sun koyar da fiye da ƙarni ɗaya cewa haramcin nadin firist da ayyukan haikali umarnin Allah ne; a cewar Young, "ka'ida ce ta har abada ta gaskiya da Ubangiji Maɗaukaki ya kafa."<ref name="Harris2015" />{{rp|37}} A cikin 1949, Shugabancin Farko a ƙarƙashin George Albert Smith ya fitar da sanarwa cewa takura "ta ci gaba kamar yadda take koyaushe" kuma "ba batun bayyana manufa ba ne amma umarnin kai tsaye daga Ubangiji."<ref name="Reeve 2015" />{{rp|222–223}}<ref name="Official Declaration 2">{{cite book |last1=LeBaron |first1=E. Dale |title=Sperry Symposium Classics: The Doctrine and Covenants|chapter=Official Declaration 2: Revelation on the Priesthood |url=https://rsc.byu.edu/book/sperry-symposium-classics-doctrine-covenants-0|chapter-url=https://rsc.byu.edu/sperry-symposium-classics-doctrine-covenants/official-declaration-2 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160923044122/https://rsc.byu.edu/archived/sperry-symposium-classics-doctrine-and-covenants/23-official-declaration-2-revelation |archive-date=September 23, 2016 |access-date=17 April 2023 |via=Internet Archive|date=2004|publisher=BYU Religious Studies Center}}</ref><ref name="Neither White Nor Black" />{{rp|221}} Sanarwa ta biyu ta Shugabancin Farko shekaru ashirin bayan haka, a ƙarƙashin David O. McKay, ta sake nanata cewa "bambancin da ake gani na Cocin ga Negro ba wani abu ba ne wanda ya samo asali daga mutum; amma ya dawo zuwa farkon tare da Allah."<ref>{{cite journal |date=February 1970 |title=Letter of First Presidency Clarifies Church's Position on the Negro |url=https://archive.org/stream/improvementera7302unse#page/n71/mode/1up |journal=Improvement Era |volume=73 |issue=2 |pages=70–71 |access-date=17 April 2023}}</ref><ref name="Reeve 2015" />{{rp|223}}<ref name="Neither White Nor Black" />{{rp|222}} Shugaban coci Spencer W. Kimball ya ce a 1973 cewa takurawar "ba manufa ta ba ce ko manufar Cocin ba. Manufar Ubangiji ce wanda ya kafa ta."<ref>{{cite book |last1=LeBaron |first1=E. Dale |editor-last=Davies |editor-first=Douglas J. |title=Mormon Identities in Transition |date=2016 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |location=London |isbn=9781474281294 |chapter=Mormonism in black Africa |page=82|chapter-url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=BBzmDAAAQBAJ|page=82}}|url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=BBzmDAAAQBAJ}}|via=Google Books}}</ref> Game da dokoki da manufofi da suka cire takura launin fata, manzo Dallin H. Oaks ya ce a 1988: "Ban sani ba idan yana yiwuwa a bambanta tsakanin manufa da doka a cikin coci wanda ya yi imani da ci gaba da wahayi kuma ya goyi bayan shugabansa a matsayin annabi... Ban tabbata ba zan iya tabbatar da bambancin doka da manufa a cikin gaskiyar cewa kafin 1978 mutum ba zai iya riƙe firist ba kuma bayan 1978 za su iya riƙe firist."<ref>{{cite news |date=9 Jun 1988 |title=New policy occasions church comment |via=Newspapers.com|work=Times-News (Burlington, North Carolina)|Times-News |agency=Associated Press |location=Burlington, North Carolina|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/21138508/partial-transcript-of-ap-interview-with/ |quote=AP: Was the ban on ordaining Black people to the priesthood a matter of policy or doctrine? ... OAKS: I don't know that its possible to distinguish between policy and doctrine in a church that believes in continuing revelation and sustains its leader as a prophet. ... I'm not sure I could justify the difference in doctrine and policy in the fact that before 1978 a person could not hold the priesthood and after 1978 they could hold the priesthood. AP: Did you feel differently about the issue before the revelation was given? OAKS: I decided a long time ago, 1961 or 2, that there's no way to talk about it in terms of doctrine, or policy, practice, procedure. All of those words just lead you to reaffirm your prejudice, whichever it was.}}</ref> Binciken masana tarihi Armand Mauss, Newell G. Bringhurst, da Lester E. Bush ya raunana ra'ayin cewa takurawar doka ce.<ref name="Harris2015" /> Bush ya ce a gaskiya babu rikodin wahayi da Young ya karɓa game da takurawar;<ref name=BushDialogue/> an samar da hujja ga manufofin Young daga baya ta shugabannin coci da malamai.<ref name=BushDialogue/> ===Ƙarshen Takurawar Haikali da Fikira=== [[Image:Joseph Freeman, Jr. 2014.jpg|thumb|upright=0.7|alt=Photo of a smiling Joseph Freeman|Joseph Freeman shine Baƙar fata na farko da aka nada zuwa firist bayan an ɗage takurawar a 1978.]] Cocin LDS ya daidaita ga matsalolin muhalli a cikin tarihinsa, ciki har da sauyawa daga auren mata fiye da ɗaya zuwa auren mace ɗaya, daga rarrabuwar siyasa zuwa haɗuwa da Amurka, da kuma daga gurguzu zuwa jari-hujja na kamfani.<ref name=Sociological/>{{rp|231}} A ranar 9 ga Yuni, 1978,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1978/06/10/archives/new-jersey-pages-mormon-church-strikes-down-ban-against-blacks-in.html|title=Mormon Church Strikes Down Ban Against Blacks in Priesthood|first=Kenneth A. |last=Briggs|newspaper=The New York Times|date=June 10, 1978|page=47}}</ref> Shugabancin Farko na Cocin LDS ya fitar da sanarwa wanda ke ba da izini ga "dukkan mambobin coci maza masu cancanta su nada zuwa firist ba tare da la'akari da launin fata ba",<ref name="Official Declaration 2" /> wanda ya ba wa mata da maza Baƙar fata damar shiga gudummawar haikali da hatimi.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Edmunds |first1=Tressa |date=5 Mar 2013 |title=Mormons can finally say 'we got it wrong' over black priest ban |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/belief/2013/mar/05/mormons-black-priests-ban |quote=It wasn't until 1978 that black men were again allowed to receive the priesthood and black women were allowed to attend the temple. Most members were unaware that there was ever a time when black people were allowed equal participation in the gospel. ... In 1978 the prophet Spencer W Kimball announced the lifting of the priesthood ban and temple restriction....}}</ref><ref name=Despite/> Wannan shine mafi mahimmancin canjin manufar coci a cikin shekaru da yawa.<ref name=Sociological/>{{rp|231}} Bisa ga labaran da yawa daga waɗanda ke halarta, Shugabancin Farko da Quorum na Manzanni Goma Sha Biyu sun karɓi wahayi don cire takura launin fata yayin da suke addu'a a Haikali na Salt Lake. Manzo Bruce R. McConkie ya rubuta cewa duk waɗanda ke halarta "sun karɓi saƙo ɗaya", kuma sun iya fahimtar "nufin Ubangiji."<ref name="Official Declaration 2"/><ref name="Harris2015" />{{rp|116}} Abubuwa da yawa sun kai ga canjin,<ref name=Sociological/>{{rp|231–232}} ciki har da matsin lamba daga NAACP, karuwar membobi da haikali a Brazil,<ref>{{cite journal|first1=Mark L.|last1=Grover|url=https://www.dialoguejournal.com/wp-content/uploads/sbi/articles/Dialogue_V23N01_41.pdf|title=The Mormon Priesthood Revelation and the São Paulo Brazil Temple|journal=Dialogue |publisher=University of Illinois Press |volume=23|issue=1|pages=39–53|date=Spring 1990|doi=10.2307/45225842 |jstor=45225842 |s2cid=254321222 }}</ref> matsin lamba daga masu fafutukar membobi, mummunar talla, da buƙatar warware matsalar dokoki.<ref name=Sociological/>{{rp|231–232}}<ref name="Bushman">{{cite book |last=Bushman |first=Claudia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tGF7LdsbatoC|via=Google Books|url-access=limited |title=Contemporary Mormonism: Latter-day Saints in Modern America |publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|Praeger Publishers |year=2006 |isbn=0-275-98933-X |location=Westport, CN |oclc=61178156 |author-link=Claudia Lauper Bushman}}</ref>{{rp|94–95}} Saboda tallar da aka samu daga babban labarin Lester Bush "Mormonism's Negro Doctrine" a 1973, mataimakin shugaban BYU Robert K. Thomas ya ji tsoron cewa cocin zai rasa matsayin sa na keɓe haraji.<ref name="Harris2015"/>{{rp|95}}<ref>{{cite news |title=The Mormon Curse |url=https://chicagodefender.com/the-mormon-curse/ |work=Chicago Defender |agency=Real Times |location=Chicago |id={{ProQuest|2492670491}} |date=13 Sep 2012 |quote=The Carter Administration had threatened BYU and the LDS church with denial of their tax-exempt status if they continued to discriminate against Blacks.}}</ref><ref name="Harris2015"/>{{rp|106–107}}<ref>{{cite news |last1=Gurwell |first1=Lance |title=Critics Still Question 'Revelation' on Blacks |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1988-06-02-8801040230-story.html |work=Chicago Tribune |date=1 Jun 1988 |quote=Despite church claims that the change came from revelation, critics say the move was pure business, that the Mormons wanted to expand further into black Third World countries and would not be able to do so as long as blacks were discriminated against, and that the Mormon church, the fastest growing mainstream church in the U.S., stood to lose its tax-exempt status for discriminating against blacks.}}</ref> Labarin ya bayyana dalla-dalla ayyukan nuna bambancin launin fata na cocin kuma ya zaburar da tattaunawa tsakanin shugabannin coci, wanda ya raunana ra'ayin cewa takurawar haikali da firist sune dokoki.<ref name="Harris2015" />{{rp|95}} ===Koyarwa game da takurawa bayan 1978=== Sanarwar 1978 na cire takurawar launin fata ba ta ba da dalili don cire su ba, ba ta yi watsi da su ba, ba ta nemi afuwa ba, ko kuma ta maye gurbinsu.<ref name="Brooks2020">{{cite book |last1=Brooks |first1=Joanna |author1-link=Joanna Brooks |title=Mormonism and White Supremacy: American Religion and The Problem of Racial Innocence |date=May 2020 |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=New York |isbn=9780190081751 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IcDgDwAAQBAJ|via=Google Books}}</ref>{{rp|163}} Saboda ba a musanta takurawar a hukumance ba, hujjar su ta ci gaba a 2020.<ref name="Brooks2020" />{{rp|163, 174}} ==Maganar Mambobi da Ayyukansu== Wasu 'yan Mormon sun riƙe ra'ayoyin wariyar launin fata, kuma hana su shiga haikali da al'adun firistoci ba shine kaɗai nuna bambanci ga Baƙaƙe ba; a matsayinsa na magajin garin Nauvoo, Joseph Smith ya hana su riƙe muƙami ko shiga sojojin Nauvoo Legion.<ref name="Fleisher" /> Brigham Young ya koyar da cewa ƙoƙarin daidaito ba daidai ba ne, yana mai cewa waɗanda suka yi yaƙi don daidaito ga Baƙaƙe suna ƙoƙarin ɗaga su "zuwa daidaito da waɗanda Halitta da Allah na Halitta suka nuna su zama ubangijinsu, iyayensu".<ref name=BushDialogue/>{{rp|68}}<ref>{{cite book|title=Journals of the House of Representatives|publisher=Utah Territorial Legislative Assembly|chapter-url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=PH1DAQAAMAAJ|page=109}}|editor-last=Young |editor-first=Brigham Hamilton |pages=109–110|url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=PH1DAQAAMAAJ}} |chapter=Representative's Hall, Monday, Jan. 5, 1852|date=5 Jan 1852|location=Salt Lake City |volume=1|via=Google Books}}</ref> Rahoton ƙasa baki ɗaya na shekarar 1959 daga Hukumar Kare Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta Amurka ya gano cewa Baƙaƙe sun fuskanci nuna bambanci sosai a Utah, kuma an yi amfani da koyarwar Mormon don tabbatar da maganin wariyar launin fata.<ref name=US_Commission_1959 /><ref name=Despite/> A cikin shekarun 1960 da 1970, 'yan Mormon a yammacin Amurka sun kasance kusa da matsakaicin ƙasa baki ɗaya a halayen launin fata.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mauss |first1=Armand L. |title=The Angel and the Beehive: The Mormon Struggle with Assimilation |author-link=Armand L. Mauss|date=1994 |publisher=University of Illinois Press |isbn=9780252020711 |pages=51–54 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wTBUCGwdG8MC|via=Google Books}}</ref><ref name="Mormonism and Secular Attitudes toward Negroes">{{cite journal|last1=Mauss|first1=Armand L.|author-link=Armand L. Mauss|title=Mormonism and Secular Attitudes toward Negroes|publisher=Pacific Sociological Association|journal=The Pacific Sociological Review|date=October 1966|volume=9|issue=2|pages=91–99|doi=10.2307/1388243|jstor=1388243|s2cid=158067784|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1388243|url-access=subscription}}</ref> Halayen launin fata na Amurka sun haifar da matsaloli lokacin da cocin ta yi ƙoƙarin amfani da ka'idarta ta digo ɗaya zuwa wasu yankuna masu bambancin kabilanci kamar Brazil; Yawancin membobin Brazil ba su fahimci rarrabuwar launin fata na Amurka ba da kuma yadda suka shafi haramcin haikali da firistoci, wanda ya haifar da matsala tsakanin mishaneri da membobi.<ref name=Grover/> Barkwanci game da Baƙaƙe sun yawaita tsakanin 'yan Mormon kafin wahayin 1978.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Wilson|first1=William A.|last2=Poulsen|first2=Richard C.|title=The Curse of Cain and Other Stories: Blacks in Mormon Folklore|journal=Sunstone (magazine)|date=Nov–Dec 1980|volume=5|issue=6|url=https://sunstone.org/wp-content/uploads/sbi/articles/024-09-13.pdf |access-date=17 April 2023}}</ref> Manzo Spencer W. Kimball ya fara wa'azi game da wariyar launin fata tun farkon shekarun 1970, yana kiran rashin haƙuri daga membobin coci "abin ƙyama".<ref>{{cite book|title=The Teachings of Spencer W. Kimball|page=237|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TA6QAAAAMAAJ|publisher=Bookcraft|date=1982|isbn=9780884944720 |quote=Intolerance by church members is despicable. A special problem exists with respect to Black people because they may not now receive the priesthood. Some members of the Church would justify their own un-Christian discrimination against [Black people] because of that rule with respect to the priesthood, but while this restriction has been imposed by the Lord, it is not for us to add burdens upon the shoulders of our black brethren.|via=Google Books}}</ref> Dangane da binciken 1972–1996, an nuna membobin coci a Amurka suna da ƙananan ƙimar amincewa da raba gardama fiye da sauran ƙungiyoyin Amurka da saurin raguwar amincewa da raba gardama.<ref name="Black and mormon" />{{rp|94–97}} Cocin tana adawa da wariyar launin fata tsakanin mambobinta, tana aiki don kai wa al'ummomin Baƙaƙe, kuma tana da wards masu yawan Baƙaƙe a Amurka.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Wilcox|first1=Lauren|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/05/09/AR2007050901770.html|title=The Saints Go Marching In|newspaper=Washington Post|date=May 13, 2007}}</ref><ref name=Despite/> A cikin 2017, Cocin LDS ta fitar da sanarwa tana yin tir da wariyar launin fata don mayar da martani ga taron white-nationalist Unite the Right rally a Virginia.<ref name=Forced>{{cite magazine |last1=Gaffey |first1=Connor |title=How a Charlottesville Speaker Forced the Mormon Church to Condemn 'Sinful' White Supremacists |url=https://www.newsweek.com/charlottesville-mormons-white-supremacists-651747 |magazine=Newsweek |date=17 Aug 2017}}</ref><ref name=Graham2017>{{cite magazine|last1=Graham|first1=Ruth|title=The Mormon Church Condemned White Supremacists, and This Mormon White Supremacist Mom Is Very Mad About It|url=http://www.slate.com/blogs/xx_factor/2017/08/18/the_mormon_church_condemned_white_supremacists_and_this_mormon_white_supremacist.html|access-date=17 April 2023|magazine=Slate (magazine)|date=August 18, 2017}}</ref> Wani memba na coci mai ra'ayin alt-right kuma mai rubutun ra'ayin yanar gizo ya kira sanarwar ba ta da hurumi, tunda ta fito daga sashin hulɗa da jama'a maimakon First Presidency (LDS Church).<ref name=Forced/><ref name=Graham2017 /> ===Adawar Fara'a ta LDS ga Manufofin Launin Fata=== A cikin rabi na biyu na karni na 20, wasu fararen membobin coci sun yi zanga-zanga kan koyarwa da manufofin da ke hana Baƙaƙe shiga al'adun haikali da firistoci; an kori membobi uku a cikin shekarun 1970 saboda sukar wadannan koyarwa a bainar jama'a.<ref name="Stevenson2014"/>{{rp|345–346}} An hana wasu fararen membobin da suka yi adawa da wasu koyarwa da manufofin coci game da Baƙaƙe shiga haikali.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Syphers|first1=Grant|title=Letters to the Editor|journal=Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought| date=Winter 1967|volume=2 |issue=4|page=6| url=https://www.dialoguejournal.com/wp-content/uploads/sbi/articles/Dialogue_V02N04_7.pdf#page=2 |access-date=17 April 2023 |publisher= University of Illinois Press}}</ref> Ɗan siyasa Stewart Udall ya rubuta wata wasika mai tsauri a bainar jama'a a 1967 yana sukar takunkumin launin fata na coci.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Udall|first1=Stewart|author-link=Stewart Udall|title=Letters to the Editor|journal=Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought|date=Summer 1967|volume=2|issue=2|pages=5–6|doi=10.1126/science.186.4162.393-a |publisher=University of Illinois Press |pmid=17737112|url=https://dialoguejournal.com/wp-content/uploads/sbi/articles/Dialogue_V02N02_7.pdf|quote=[This race policy issue] must be resolved because we are wrong and it is past time that we should have seen the right ... My fear is that the very character of Mormonism is being distorted and crippled by adherence to a belief and practice that denies the oneness of mankind. We violate the rights and dignity of our Negro brothers, and for this we bear a measure of guilt; but surely we harm ourselves even more. What a sad irony it is that a once outcast people, tempered for nearly a century in the fires of persecution, are one of the last to remove a burden from the most persecuted people ever to live on this continent. ... By comparison, the restriction now imposed on Negro fellowship is a social and institutional practice having no real sanction in essential Mormon thought. It is clearly contradictory to our most cherished spiritual and moral ideals.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Wallace|first1=Turner|title=Mormons Urged to Face Negro Issue|page=12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171109045850/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/2691582/udall_urges_change_to_lds_black_policy/|archive-date=November 9, 2017|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/?spot=2691582|work=Edwardsville Intelligencer|location=Edwardsville, Illinois|agency=The New York Times|date=May 26, 1967|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> Wasikarsa ta samu ɗaruruwan martani masu sukar, ciki har da wasiƙu daga manzannin Delbert L. Stapley da Spencer W. Kimball.<ref name="Lecture">{{cite journal|last1=Peterson|first1=F. Ross|title='Do Not Lecture The Brethren': Stewart L. Udall's Pro-Civil Rights Stance, 1967|journal=Journal of Mormon History|date=Spring 1999|volume=25|issue=1|pages=272–287|publisher=University of Illinois Press|location=Champaign, Illinois|via=Internet Archive|url=https://archive.org/stream/DoNotLectureTheBrethren/Do%20Not%20Lecture%20The%20Brethren#page/n0/mode/1up|jstor=23287745}}</ref>{{rp|279–283}} ===Nuna Bambancin Launin Fata Bayan Soke Haramcin 1978=== Masana tarihi na LDS Wayne J. Embry sun yi hira da wasu membobin coci Baƙaƙe a 1987, kuma sun ruwaito cewa dukkan mahalarta sun ba da rahoton "abubuwan da suka faru na nuna wariya daga fararen membobi, jinkiri ko ƙin musafaha da su ko zama kusa da su, da maganganun wariyar launin fata da aka yi musu." Embry ya ce wata Baƙar mace ta halarci coci har tsawon shekaru uku, duk da cewa abokan ikilisiyarta sun yi mata watsi; "dole ne ta rubuta kai tsaye ga shugaban Cocin LDS don gano yadda za a yi mata baftisma", saboda babu wani daga cikin abokan ikilisiyar da zai gaya mata.<ref name="Black and mormon" />{{rp|371}} Wariyar launin fata a cikin coci ya ci gaba bayan sanarwa daga shugabancin coci game da bambancin launin fata da kuma ƙarshen haramcin haikali da firistoci na 1978. Farar memba na coci kuma farfesa a BYU Eugene England ya rubuta a 1998 cewa yawancin 'yan Mormon har yanzu suna da ra'ayoyin wariyar launin fata, ciki har da imani cewa Baƙaƙe sun fito daga Kayinu da Ham kuma suna ƙarƙashin la'anarsu. Dalibai na England a BYU waɗanda suka ba da rahoton cewa suna da waɗannan imani sun ce sun koya su daga iyayensu ko daga masu koyarwa a coci, kuma ba su san cewa sun saba wa koyarwar coci ta yanzu ba.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Musser|first1=Donald W.|last2=Paulsen|first2=David L.|title=Mormonism in Dialogue with Contemporary Christian Theologies|date=2007|url-access=registration|publisher=Mercer University Press|location=Macon, GA|isbn=978-0-88146-083-4|via=Internet Archive|url=https://archive.org/details/mormonismindialo00paul}}</ref> Memba na coci Baƙar fata Darron Smith ya lura da matsala makamanciya a 2003, kuma ya rubuta a ''Sunstone (magazine)'' game da ci gaba da imani na wariyar launin fata. Smith ya rubuta cewa wariyar launin fata ya ci gaba saboda shugabancin coci bai yi magana kan asalin haramcin ba: imani cewa Baƙaƙe zuriyar Kayinu ne, cewa ba su da tsaka-tsaki a yakin sama, kuma cewa launin fata yana nuna adalci.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Smith |first=Darron |title=The Persistence of Racialized Discourse in Mormonism |journal=Sunstone (magazine) |date=March 2003|url=https://sunstone.org/wp-content/uploads/sbi/articles/126-31-33.pdf}}</ref> Yar jarida kuma memba na coci Peggy Fletcher Stack ta rubuta a 2007 cewa Baƙaƙe 'yan Mormon har yanzu suna jin sun rabu da sauran membobin coci saboda yadda sauran membobin ke yi musu, wanda ya fito daga kiran su "kalmar n" zuwa ƙananan zagi. Rashin Baƙaƙe a cikin shugabancin coci shi ma ya ba da gudummawa ga jin Baƙaƙe na rashin shiga.<ref name="Stack2007"/><ref name=Despite/> Alice Faulkner Burch, shugabar ƙungiyar Baƙaƙe ta Genesis Group mai tallafin LDS, ta ce a 2016 cewa Baƙaƙe "har yanzu suna buƙatar tallafi don ci gaba da zama a cikin coci—ba saboda dalilan koyarwa ba amma saboda dalilan al'adu." Burch ya ƙara da cewa "ana yi wa mata ba'a game da gashinmu&nbsp;... ana ambaton su da kalmomin wulakanci, ana yi wa yaranmu rashin mutunci, kuma ana hana su kira." Lokacin da aka tambaye ta abin da Baƙaƙe mata a cikin coci suke so, ta ce wata mace ta gaya mata cewa tana fatan "samun damar halartar coci sau ɗaya ba tare da wani ya taɓa gashina ba."<ref name="All is not well in Zion">{{cite news|last1=Fletcher Stack|first1=Peggy|author-link=Peggy Fletcher Stack|title=All is not well in Zion on the race front, Black Mormon tells historians|url=http://archive.sltrib.com/article.php?id=4006506&itype=CMSID|access-date=17 April 2023|newspaper=The Salt Lake Tribune|date=June 20, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220821082634/https://archive.sltrib.com/article.php?id=4006506&itype=CMSID|archive-date=21 August 2022|url-status=live|via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Manufar makarantar Lahadi ta 2020 ta ƙunshi koyarwa game da "fatar duhu" a cikin Littafin Mormon kasancewar "alama ce ta la'ana"; "la'anar ita ce janyewar Ruhun Ubangiji". Matsin jama'a ya sa coci ta canza fasalin dijital na littafin, wanda daga baya ya ce yanayin da bayyanar alamar fatar duhu ba a fahimta gaba ɗaya ba.<ref name="Error">{{cite news |last=Fletcher Stack |first=Peggy|author-link=Peggy Fletcher Stack |date=18 January 2020 |title=Error in printed LDS Church manual could revive racial criticisms |url-access=limited|newspaper=The Salt Lake Tribune |url=https://www.sltrib.com/religion/2020/01/18/error-printed-lds-church/ |access-date=17 April 2023}}</ref> Bayan 'yan kwanaki, datta Gary E. Stevenson ya gaya wa taron NAACP na Ranar Martin Luther King cewa ya "yi baƙin ciki" da "kuskuren",<ref name="Stack"/><ref name="steele">{{cite news |last=Steele |first=Michalyn |title=Native American law professor discusses the 'curse' and how to view troubling scripture |url=https://www.sltrib.com/religion/2020/01/22/mormon-land-native/ |url-access=limited|newspaper=The Salt Lake Tribune |date=22 Jan 2020}}</ref> kuma cocin tana "neman membobi su yi watsi da sakin layi a cikin littafin da aka buga."<ref name="Stack">{{cite news |last=Fletcher Stack |first1=Peggy|author-link=Peggy Fletcher Stack |title=LDS Church and NAACP becoming closer allies, apostle says during MLK Day speech |url=https://www.sltrib.com/religion/2020/01/21/lds-church-naacp-becoming/|url-access=limited |newspaper=The Salt Lake Tribune |access-date=17 April 2023}}</ref> Farfesa na shari'a na BYU Michalyn Steele, ɗan asalin Amurka, daga baya ya nuna damuwa game da ayyukan edita na coci da kuma rashin jin daɗi cewa masu ilimin coci suna ci gaba da nuna wariyar launin fata.<ref name="steele" /> A lokacin rani na 2020, Nelson ya fitar da sanarwa ta haɗin gwiwa tare da shugabannin NAACP uku suna yin tir da wariyar launin fata kuma suna kira ga dukkan cibiyoyi da su yi aiki don kawar da wariyar launin fata da ke ci gaba.<ref>{{cite news |title=President Nelson joins leaders of the NAACP in condemning racism and calling for increased love and understanding |url=https://www.postregister.com/star/news/president-nelson-joins-leaders-of-the-naacp-in-condemning-racism-and-calling-for-increased-love/article_d08f54e3-0312-592c-9643-e9b0272661c3.html |work=The Jefferson Star |publisher=Post Register |date=24 Jun 2020 }}{{Dead link|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A taron babban taro na Oktoba 2020, Nelson, mai ba da shawara na farko Dallin H. Oaks, da manzo Quentin L. Cook sun yi tir da wariyar launin fata a cikin jawabin su.<ref name=Blunt>{{Cite news |last1=Fletcher Stack |first1=Peggy |last2=Pierce |first2=Scott D. |last3=Noyce |first3=David |author1-link=Peggy Fletcher Stack|date=4 October 2020 |title=In blunt language, Nelson denounces racism, urges Latter-day Saints to 'lead out' against prejudice |url-access=limited|url=https://www.sltrib.com/religion/2020/10/04/blunt-language-nelson/ |newspaper=The Salt Lake Tribune}}</ref> Dangane da binciken 2016 na 'yan Mormon da suka bayyana kansu, fiye da kashi 60 cikin ɗari sun ce sun sani (kashi 37 cikin ɗari) ko sun yi imani (kashi 25.5 cikin ɗari) cewa haramcin firistoci da haikali nufin Allah ne; wasu kashi 17 cikin ɗari sun ce yana iya zama gaskiya, kuma kashi 22 cikin ɗari sun ce sun sani (ko sun yi imani) cewa ba nufin Allah ba ne.<ref name="Jana Riess">{{cite news |last1=Riess |first1=Jana |author-link=Jana Riess|title=Forty years on, most Mormons still believe the racist temple ban was God's will |url=https://religionnews.com/2018/06/11/40-years-later-most-mormons-still-believe-the-racist-priesthood-temple-ban-was-gods-will/ |publisher=Religion News Service |date=June 11, 2018 |access-date=17 April 2023}}</ref> Binciken 2023 na tsoffin membobin coci sama da 1,000 a yankin Mormon corridor ya gano batutuwan launin fata a cikin coci a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan dalilai uku da aka ruwaito dalilin da ya sa suka rabu.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Riess |first1=Jana |author-link=Jana Riess|date=8 March 2024 |title=Who is leaving the LDS Church? Eight key survey findings |newspaper=The Salt Lake Tribune|location=Salt Lake City |url=https://www.sltrib.com/religion/2024/03/08/jana-riess-who-is-leaving-lds/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240309020640/https://www.sltrib.com/religion/2024/03/08/jana-riess-who-is-leaving-lds/ |archive-date=9 March 2024|agency=Religion News Service|via=Internet Archive|url-access=limited}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}}{{reflist|2}} jzz0636k9dbacfmekg7z7fxk42ysyls 0 103270 878708 648897 2026-07-07T21:42:48Z Nnamadee 31123 878708 wikitext text/x-wiki Kanada<ref>lish /ˈkænədə/ ⓘ,[8] French: </ref>[kanadaf ƙasa ce a Arewacin Amurka. Lardunanta guda goma da yankuna uku sun tashi daga Tekun Atlantika zuwa Tekun Pasifik da kuma arewa zuwa Tekun Arctic, wanda hakan ya sanya ta zama kasa ta biyu mafi girma a duniya bisa ga fadin duniya baki daya, tare da bakin teku mafi tsayi a duniya. Iyakarsa da Amurka ita ce iyakar kasa mafi tsayi a duniya. Ƙasar tana da nau'o'in nau'o'in yanayin yanayi da yankunan ƙasa. Tana da yawan jama'a sama da miliyan 41, tana da yawan jama'a daban-daban, tare da yawancin mazauna birane da manyan yankunan ƙasar ba su da yawa. Babban birnin Kanada shine Ottawa kuma manyan yankuna uku ne na Toronto, Montreal, da Vancouver. ’Yan asalin ƙasar sun ci gaba da zama a ƙasar Kanada har tsawon dubban shekaru. Tun daga karni na 16, balaguron Burtaniya da Faransa sun yi bincike kuma daga baya suka zauna a bakin tekun Atlantika. Sakamakon rikice-rikice na makamai daban-daban, Faransa ta ba da kusan dukkanin yankunan Arewacin Amirka a 1763. A 1867, tare da haɗin gwiwar Birtaniya ta Arewa guda uku. ==Asalinta== Babban labarin: Sunan Kanada Yayin da aka gabatar da ra'ayoyi iri-iri don asalin asalin ƙasar Kanada, yanzu an karɓi sunan kamar yadda ya fito daga kalmar St. Lawrence Iroquoian kanata, ma'ana "kauye" ko "matsuwa".<ref> AHistorical Dictionary of European Imperialism</ref> cikin 1535, 'yan asalin mazauna yankin Qebec na yanzu sun yi amfani da kalmar don jagorantar mai binciken Faransa Jacques Cartier zuwa ƙauyen Stadacona.<ref>Rayburn, Alan (2001). Naming Canada: Stories about Canadian Place Names. University of Toronto Press. pp. 14–22. ISBN 978-0-8020-8293-0.</ref> Daga baya Cartier ya yi amfani da kalmar Kanada don komawa ba kawai ga wannan ƙauyen ba amma ga dukan yankin da ke ƙarƙashin Donnacona (shugaba a Stadacona);,<ref> Rayburn, Alan (2001). Naming Canada: Stories about Canadian Place Names. University of Toronto Press. pp. 14–22. ISBN 978-0-8020-8293-0</ref> ta 1545, littattafan Turai da taswira sun fara magana game da wannan ƙaramin yanki kusa da kogin Saint Lawrence a matsayin Kanada.<ref>Rayburn, Alan (2001). Naming Canada: Stories about Canadian Place Names. University of Toronto Press. pp. 14–22. ISBN 978-0-8020-8293-0</ref><ref>Rayburn, Alan (2001). Naming Canada: Stories about Canadian Place Names. University of Toronto Press. pp. 14–22. ISBN 978-0-8020-8293-0</ref> Daga na 16 zuwa farkon karni na 18, Kanada tana magana akan ɓangaren New Faransa da ke gefen kogin Saint Lawrence.<ref>Encyclopedia of Canada's People</ref>Bayan mamayar da Birtaniyya ta yi wa sabuwr Faransa, wannan yanki an san shi da lardin Quebec na Burtaniya daga 1763 zuwa 1791.<ref> "Province of Quebec 1763-91". The Canadian Encyclopedia. May 14, 2020. Retrieved October 1, 2024.</ref> A cikin 1791, yankin ya zama yankunan Burtaniya biyu da ake kira Upper Canada da Lower Canada. Wadannan yankuna guda biyu ana kiran su a matsayin Kanada har sai da hadin gwiwarsu a matsayin lardin Kanada a 1841.<ref>"An Act to Re-write the Provinces of Upper and Lower Canada, and for the Government of Canada"</ref> Bayan Ƙungiya a cikin 1867, an karɓi Kanada a matsayin sunan doka na sabuwar ƙasa a taron London kuma an ba da kalmar mulki a matsayin taken ƙasar.<ref>"Dominion of the Gods: Religious continuity and change in a Canadian context"</ref> A cikin shekarun 1950, Burtaniya ta daina amfani da kalmar Dominion of Canada, wacce ta dauki Kanada a matsayin "sarauniyar Commonwealth".<ref>The New Elizabethan Age: Culture, Society and National Identity after World War II,</ref><ref>Canada and the British Empire</ref><ref>"An Act to Re-write the Provinces of Upper and Lower Canada, and for the Government of Canada"</ref><ref>"Dominion of the Gods: Religious continuity and change in a Canadian context"</ref> <ref>Buckner, Philip, ed. (2008). Canada and the British Empire. Oxford University Press. pp. 37–40, 56–59, 114, 124–125. ISBN 978-0-19-927164-1</ref><ref>O'Toole, Roger (2009). "Dominion of the Gods: Religious continuity and change in a Canadian context". In Hvithamar, Annika; Warburg, Margit; Jacobsen, Brian Arly (eds.). Holy Nations and Global Identities: Civil Religion, Nationalism, and Globalisation. Brill. p. 137. ISBN 978-90-04-17828-1</ref> ==Tarihi== Babban labarin: Tarihin Kanada Ƙarin bayani: Timeline na tarihin Kanada da Tarihin Kanada Mutanen asali Mazaunan Arewacin Amurka gabaɗaya ana hasashen cewa sun yi ƙaura daga Siberiya ta hanyar gadar ƙasar Bering kuma sun ƙalla shekaru 14,000 da suka wuce.<ref>Dillehay, Thomas D. (2008). The Settlement of the Americas: A New Prehistory. Basic Books. p. 61. ISBN 978-0-7867-2543-4. Fagan, Brian M.; Durrani, Nadia (2016). World Prehistory: A Brief Introduction. Routledge. p. 124. ISBN 978-1-317-34244-1.</ref> Wuraren binciken kayan tarihi na Paleo-Indiya a Old Crow Flats da Bluefish Caves sune biyu daga cikin tsoffin wuraren zama na ɗan adam a Kanada.[<ref>Rawat, Rajiv (2012). Circumpolar Health Atlas. University of Toronto Press. p. 58. ISBN 978-1-4426-4456-4</ref> al'ummomin ƴan asalin sun haɗa da matsuguni na dindindin, aikin noma, sarƙaƙƙiya na al'umma, da hanyoyin kasuwanci.<ref>Indigenous Difference and the Constitution of Canada</ref> ]<ref>Compact, Contract, Covenant: Aboriginal Treaty-Making in Canada</ref> <ref> "Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada: Calls to Action"</ref> wasu daga cikin waɗannan al'adu sun rushe a lokacin da masu binciken Turai suka zo a ƙarshen 15th da farkon ƙarni na 16 kuma an gano su ne kawai ta hanyar binciken kayan tarihi.<ref>Sonneborn, Liz (January 2007). Chronology of American Indian History. Infobase Publishing. pp. 2–12. ISBN 978-0-8160-6770</ref> ’Yan asalin ƙasar Kanada a yau sun haɗa da al’ummai na farko, Inuit, da Métis, <ref> Graber, Christoph Beat; Kuprecht, Karolina; Lai, Jessica C. (2012). International Trade in Indigenous Cultural Heritage: Legal and Policy Issues. Edward Elgar Publishing. p. 366. ISBN 978-0-85793-831-</ref> na ƙarshe na zuriyar gauraye waɗanda suka samo asali a tsakiyar ƙarni na 17 lokacin da Al’ummar Farko suka auri mazauna Turai da zuriyarsu daga baya suka haɓaka ainihinsu.<ref>Graber, Christoph Beat; Kuprecht, Karolina; Lai, Jessica C. (2012). International Trade in Indigenous Cultural Heritage: Legal and Policy Issues. Edward Elgar Publishing. p. 366. ISBN 978-0-85793-831</ref> <ref>Archived</ref> <ref>An Act to Re-write the Provinces of Upper and Lower Canada, and for the Government of Canada". J.C. Fisher & W. Kimble. 1841. p. 20</ref> Taswirar Kanada da ke nuna adadin asalin ɗan asalin da aka ba da rahoton kai (Al'ummai ta Farko, Inuit, Métis) ta ɓangaren ƙidayar jama'a, bisa ga ƙidayar Kanada ta 2021<ref>Wilson, Donna M; Northcott, Herbert C (2008). Dying and Death in Canada. University of Toronto Press. pp. 25–27. ISBN 978-1-55111-873-4.</ref> An kiyasta yawan ƴan asalin ƙasar a lokacin ƙauyukan Turai na farko tsakanin 200,000<ref> Thornton, Russell (2000). "Population history of Native North Americans". In Haines, Michael R; Steckel, Richard Hall (eds.). A population history of North America. Cambridge University Press. pp. 13, 380. ISBN 978-0-521-49666</ref> da miliyan biyu, <ref> Thornton, Russell (2000). "Population history of Native North Americans". In Haines, Michael R; Steckel, Richard Hall (eds.). A population history of North America. Cambridge University Press. pp. 13, 380. ISBN 978-0-521-49666</ref> tare da adadi na 500,000 da Hukumar Sarauta ta Kanada kan Jama'ar Aboriginal ta yarda.<ref> "Native Populations of Canada"</ref> Taswirar Kanada da ke nuna adadin asalin ɗan asalin da aka ba da rahoton kai (Al'ummai ta Farko, Inuit, Métis) ta ɓangaren ƙidayar jama'a, bisa ga ƙidayar Kanada ta 2021<ref>Marshall, Ingeborg (1998). A History and Ethnography of the Beothuk. McGill-Queen's University Press. p. 442. ISBN 978-0-7735-</ref> An kiyasta yawan ƴan asalin ƙasar a lokacin ƙauyukan Turai na farko tsakanin 200,000[23] da miliyan biyu, <ref>Thornton, Russell (2000). "Population history of Native North Americans". In Haines, Michael R; Steckel, Richard Hall (eds.). A population history of North America. Cambridge </ref>] tare da adadi na 500,000 da Hukumar Sarauta ta Kanada kan Jama'ar Aboriginal ta yarda.<ref>Wilson, Donna M; Northcott, Herbert C (2008). Dying and Death in Canada. University of Toronto Press. pp. 25–27. ISBN 978-1-55111-873-4.</ref> <ref>Indigenous Intergenerational Resilience: Confronting Cultural and Ecological Crisis</ref> <ref>Indigenous Communities and Settler Colonialism: Land Holding, Loss and Survival in an Interconnected World</ref> <ref>Preston, David L. (2009). The Texture of Contact: European and Indian Settler Communities on the Frontiers of Iroquoia, 1667–1783. University of Nebraska Press. pp. 43–44. ISBN 978-0-8032-2549</ref> <ref>Asch, Michael (1997). Aboriginal and Treaty Rights in Canada: Essays on Law, Equity, and Respect for Difference. UBC Press. p. 28. ISBN 978-0-7748-0581</ref> ==Turawan mulkin mallaka== Taswirar iƙirarin yanki a Arewacin Amurka ta 1750. Mallakar Biritaniya Amurka (ruwan hoda), Sabuwar Faransa (blue), da New Spain (orange); California, Pacific Northwest, da Great Basin ba a nuna su ba.<ref>Wallace, Birgitta (October 12, 2018). "Leif Eriksson". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Archived from the original on April 13, 2021. Retrieved June 4, 2020.</ref> ]<ref> Buckner, Phillip Alfred; Reid, John G. (1994). The Atlantic Region to Confederation: A History. University of Toronto Press. pp. 55–56. ISBN 978-0-8020-6977-1. Hornsby, Stephen J (2005). British Atlantic, American frontier: spaces of power in early modern British America. University Press of New England. pp. 14, 18–19, 22–23. ISBN 978-1-58465-427-8.</ref>sunyi imani da cewa farkon rubuce-rubucen Turai don gano gabar gabashin Kanada shine mai binciken Norse Leif Erikson.<ref> "L'Anse aux Meadows National Historic Site"</ref> A cikin kusan 1000 AD, Norse ya gina wani ɗan gajeren zango wanda ya kasance yana zama na ɗmokaci tsawon shekaru 20 a L'Anse aux Meadows a arewacin Newfoundland.<ref> Conflict and Compromise: Pre-Confederation Canada</ref> ba a sake yin wani bincike na Turai ba har zuwa 1497, lokacin da ma'aikacin jirgin ruwa John Cabot ya bincika bsbbbkuma ya yi ikirarin gabar tekun Atlantika na Kanada da sunan Henry VII na Ingila.<ref> The Voyages of Jacques Cartier</ref> a shekara ta 1534, wani ɗan ƙasar Faransa mai binciken Jacques Cartier ya binciko mashigin tekun Saint Lawrence inda a ranar 24 ga Yuli, ya dasa giciye mai tsayin mita 10 (33 ft) mai ɗauke da kalmomin, "Ranka ya daɗe da rai", kuma ya mallaki ƙasar Sabuwar Faransa da sunan Sarki Francis I.<ref>Historical Atlas of Canada: From the beginning to 1800</ref> A farkon karni na 16 ya ga ma'aikatan ruwa na Turai tare da dabarun kewayawa da Basque da Portuguese suka kafa wuraren kifin kifi na yanayi da kamun kifi a bakin tekun Atlantika.<ref> Baten, Jörg (2016). A History of the Global Economy. From 1500 to the Present. Cambridge University Press. p. 84. ISBN 978-1-107-50718</ref> gabadaa, ƙauyuka na farko a lokacin Age of Discovery sun bayyana cewa ba su daɗe ba saboda haɗuwa da matsanancin yanayi, matsalolin kewaya hanyoyin kasuwanci da gasa a cikin Scandinavia.<ref>Baten, Jörg (2016). A History of the Global Economy. From 1500 to the Present. Cambridge University Press. p. 84. ISBN 978-1-107-50718-0. Wynn, Graeme (2007). Canada and Arctic North America: An Environmental History. ABC-CLIO. p. 49. ISBN 978-1-85109-437-0.</ref> <ref>Wars of the age of Louis XIV, 1650–1715: an encyclopedia of global warfare and civilization</ref> <ref>, Linda S.; Lightfoot, Kent; McManamon, Francis; Milner, George (2009). "L'Anse aux Meadows National Historic Site". Archaeology in America: An Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. pp. 27, 82. ISBN 978-0-313-02189-3.</ref> A <cikin 1583, Sir Humphrey Gilbert, ta ikon sarautar Sarauniya Elizabeth I, ya kafa St John's, Newfoundland, a matsayin zangon lokacin Turanci na farko na Arewacin Amurka.<ref>. Cod: The Ecological History of the North Atlantic Fisheries</ref> [39] <ref>Kelley, Ninette; Trebilcock, Michael J. (September 30, 2010). The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy. University of Toronto Press. p. 27. ISBN 978-0-8020-9536-7.</ref> <ref>The Reader's Encyclopedia of the American West</ref> <ref>Tucker, Spencer C; Arnold, James; Wiener, Roberta (September 30, 2011). The Encyclopedia of North American Indian Wars, 1607–1890: A Political, Social, and Military History. ABC-CLIO. p. 394. ISBN 978-1-85109-697-8.</ref> <ref>Allaire, Gratien (May 2007). "From 'Nouvelle-France' to 'Francophonie canadienne': a historical survey". International Journal of the Sociology of Language (185): 25–52. doi:10.1515/IJSL.2007.024. ISSN 0165-2516.</ref> <ref>Wallace, Birgitta (October 12, 2018). "Leif Eriksson". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Archived from the original on April 13, 2021. Retrieved June 4, 2020. Johansen, Bruce E.; Pritzker, Barry M. (2007). Encyclopedia of American Indian History. ABC-CLIO. pp. 727–728. ISBN 978-1-85109-818-7.</ref> <ref>Blake, Raymond B.; Keshen, Jeffrey; Knowles, Norman J.; Messamore, Barbara J. (2017). Conflict and Compromise: Pre-Confederation Canada. University of Toronto Press. p. 19. ISBN 978-1-4426</ref> <ref>Kerr, Donald Peter (1987). Historical Atlas of Canada: From the beginning to 1800. University of Toronto Press. p. 47. ISBN 978-0-8020</ref> <ref>Baten, Jörg (2016). A History of the Global Economy. From 1500 to the Present. Cambridge University Press. p. 84. ISBN 978-1-107-50718-0. Wynn, Graeme (2007). Canada and Arctic North America: An Environmental History. ABC-CLIO. p. 49. ISBN 978-1-85109-437-0.</ref> ==Turawan mulkin mallaka== Taswirar iƙirarin yanki a Arewacin Amurka ta 1750. Mallakar Biritaniya Amurka (ruwan hoda), Sabuwar Faransa (blue), da New Spain (orange); California, Pacific Northwest, da Great Basin ba a nuna su ba.<ref>Wallace, Birgitta (October 12, 2018). "Leif Eriksson". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Archived from the original on April 13, 2021. Retrieved June 4, 2020. Johansen, Bruce E.; Pritzker, Barry M. (2007). Encyclopedia of American Indian History. ABC-CLIO. pp. 727–728. ISBN 978-1-85109-818-7.</ref> An yi imani da cewa farkon rubuce-rubucen Turai don gano gabar gabashin Kanada shine mai binciken Norse Leif Erikson.<ref> Cordell, Linda S.; Lightfoot, Kent; McManamon, Francis; Milner, George (2009). "L'Anse aux Meadows National Historic Site". Archaeology in America: An Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. pp. 27, 82. ISBN 978-0-313-02189-3</ref> A cikin kusan 1000 AD, Norse ya gina wani ɗan gajeren zango wanda ya kasance yana zama na ɗan lokaci tsawon shekaru 20 a L'Anse aux Meadows a arewacin Newfoundland.[m<ref> Blake, Raymond B.; Keshen, Jeffrey; Knowles, Norman J.; Messamore, Barbara J. (2017). Conflict and Compromise: Pre-Confederation Canada. University of Toronto Press. p. 19. ISBN 978-1-4426-3553</ref> Ba a sake yin wani bincike na Turai ba har zuwa 1497, lokacin da ma'aikacin jirgin ruwa John Cabot ya bincika kuma ya yi ikirarin gabar tekun Atlantika na Kanada da sunan Henry VII na Ingila.<ref>Blake, Raymond B.; Keshen, Jeffrey; Knowles, Norman J.; Messamore, Barbara J. (2017). Conflict and Compromise: Pre-Confederation Canada. University of Toronto Press. p. 19. ISBN 978-1-4426</ref> A shekara ta 1534, wani ɗan ƙasar Faransmai binciken Jacques Cartier ya binciko mashigin tekun Saint Lawrence inda a ranar 24 ga Yuli, ya dasa giciye mai tsayin mita 10 (33 ft) mai ɗauke da kalmomin, "Ranka ya daɗe da rai", kuma ya mallaki ƙasar Sabuwar Faransa da sunan Sarki Francis I.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=tDNe7GOOwfwC&pg=PA209</ref> A farkon karni na 16 ya ga ma'aikatan ruwa na Turai tare da dabarun kewayawa da Basque da Portuguese suka kafa wuraren kifin kifi na yanayi da kamun kifi a bakin tekun Atlantika.[42] Gabaɗaya, ƙauyuka na farko a lokacin Age of Discovery sun bayyana cewa ba su daɗe ba saboda haɗuwa da matsanancin yanayi, matsalolin kewaya hanyoyin kasuwanci da gasa a cikin Scandinavia.[43] A cikin 1583, Sir Humphrey Gilbert, ta ikon sarautar Sarauniya Elizabeth I, ya kafa St John's, Newfoundland, a matsayin zangon lokacin Turanci na farko na Arewacin Amurka.[44] [39] ==Arewacin Amurka== Zanen Janar Wolfe yana mutuwa a gaban tutar Birtaniyya yayin da hafsoshi da abokansa na asali suka halarta Mutuwar Benjamin West na Janar Wolfe (1771) ya nuna wasan kwaikwayo game da mutuwar James Wolfe a lokacin yakin filayen Ibrahim a birnin Quebec.<ref>Buckner, Philip, ed. (2008). Canada and the British Empire. Oxford University Press. pp. 37–40, 56–59, 114, 124–125. ISBN 978-0-19-927164</ref> Sanarwar Sarauta ta 1763 ta kafa haƙƙin yarjejeniya ta Ƙasa ta Farko, ta ƙirƙiri lardin Quebec daga New Faransa, kuma ta haɗa tsibirin Cape Breton zuwa Nova Scotia.<ref>Buckner, Philip, ed. (2008). Canada and the British Empire. Oxford University Press. pp. 37–40, 56–59, 114, 124–125. ISBN 978-0-19-927164-</ref> St. Jte colony a shekara ta 1769.,,<ref> British Journal of Canadian Studies</ref> Don kawar da rikici a Quebec, Majalisar Dokokin Burtaniya ta zartar da Dokar Quebec ta 1774, ta faɗaɗa yankin Quebec zuwa Babban Tafkuna da Kwarin Ohio.<ref> Canada: an Encyclopaedia of the Country: The Canadian Dominion Considered in Its Historic Relations, Its Natural Resources, its Material Progress and its National Development, by a Corps of Eminent Writers and Specialists</ref> mafi mahimmanci, dokar Quebec ta ba da yancin kai na musamman na Quebec da haƙƙin gudanar da kai a lokacin da Turawan Mulkin Mallaka goma sha uku ke ƙara tada jijiyar wuya ga mulkin Birtaniya.<ref>An Empire of Regions: A Brief History of Colonial British America</ref> Ta sake kafa harshen Faransanci, bangaskiyar Katolika, da dokokin faransanci a can, tare da hana ci gaban yunkurin 'yancin kai sabanin Turawan Mulki goma sha uku[55]. 6] Bayan nasarar yakin Amurka na samun 'yancin kai, yarjejeniyar Paris ta 1783 ta amince da 'yancin kai na sabuwar Amurka da aka kafa tare da kafa sharuɗɗan zaman lafiya, inda ta keɓe yankunan Biritaniya ta Arewacin Amirka kudu da manyan tabkuna da gabashin kogin Mississippi zuwa sabuwar ƙasa.[56]. Yaƙin samun 'yancin kai na Amurka ya kuma haifar da ƙaura mai yawa na 'yan kishin aminci, waɗanda suka yi yaƙi da 'yancin kai na Amurka. Mutane da yawa sun ƙaura zuwa Kanada, musamman Atlantika Kanada, inda zuwansu ya canza rabe-raben alƙaluma na yankunan da ake da su. [57] Yan Kanada sune babban gaba a yakin 1812 tsakanin Amurka da Ingila. Zaman lafiya ya zo a 1815; Ba a canza iyakoki ba.[60] Shige da fice ya koma matsayi mafi girma, inda sama da 960,000 suka shigo daga Biritaniya tsakanin 1815 zuwa 1850.[61] Sabbin masu zuwa sun haɗa da 'yan gudun hijirar da suka tsere daga Babban Yunwar Irish da kuma 'yan Scots masu jin Gaelic da aka kora daga matsugunin Highland Clearances.[62] Cututtuka masu yaduwa sun kashe tsakanin kashi 25 zuwa 33 na Turawa da suka yi hijira zuwa Kanada kafin 1891.[23]. Sha'awar gwamnati mai alhakin ya haifar da zubar da jini na 1837.[63] Rahoton Durham daga baya ya ba da shawarar gwamnati mai alhakin da kuma haɗa mutanen Kanada na Faransa cikin al'adun Ingilishi.[16] Dokar Tarayyar ta 1840 ta haɗa Kanadas zuwa lardin Kanada mai haɗin kai kuma an kafa gwamnati mai alhakin duk lardunan Biritaniya ta Arewa da ke gabas da Tafkin Superior ta 1855.[64] Rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar Oregon da Biritaniya da Amurka suka yi a shekara ta 1846 ya kawo karshen takaddamar kan iyaka ta Oregon, ta mika kan iyaka zuwa yamma tare da daidaici na 49. Wannan ya ba da hanya ga mulkin mallaka na Birtaniyya a tsibirin Vancouver (1849) da kuma a cikin British Columbia (1858).[65] Yarjejeniyar Anglo-Rasha ta Saint Petersburg (1825) ta kafa iyaka a bakin tekun Pasifik, amma, ko da bayan siyan Alaska na Amurka na 1867, an ci gaba da jayayya game da ainihin ƙayyadaddun iyakar Alaska-Yukon da Alaska-British Columbia.[66] ==Ƙungiya da faɗaɗawa== Koma zuwa taken Taswirar rayayye wanda ke nuna girma da canji na larduna da yankuna na Kanada tun daga Tarayyar Turai a 1867[67] Bayan tarurrukan tsarin mulki guda uku, Dokar Arewacin Amurka ta Biritaniya, 1867 a hukumance ta ba da sanarwar Tarayyar Kanada a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 1867, da farko tare da larduna huɗu: Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia, da New Brunswick.[68] Kanada ta karbi ikon Rupert's Land da yankin Arewa maso Yamma don samar da yankunan Arewa maso Yamma, inda korafe-korafen Métis ya haifar da Tawayen kogin Red River da kuma samar da lardin Manitoba a cikin Yuli 1870.[69]. British Columbia da tsibirin Vancouver (wanda aka haɗe a cikin 1866) sun shiga ƙungiyar a cikin 1871 akan alƙawarin layin dogo mai wucewa zuwa Victoria a cikin lardin a cikin shekaru 10, [70] yayin da tsibirin Prince Edward ya shiga cikin 1873.[71]. A cikin 1898, a lokacin Klondike Gold Rush a cikin Yankunan Arewa maso Yamma, Majalisar ta kirkiro yankin Yukon. Alberta da Saskatchewan sun zama larduna a cikin 1905.[71] Tsakanin 1871 da 1896, kusan kashi ɗaya bisa huɗu na al'ummar Kanada sun yi ƙaura zuwa kudu zuwa Amurka.[72] Don buɗe Yamma da ƙarfafa shige da fice na Turai, Gwamnatin Kanada ta ɗauki nauyin gina layin dogo guda uku masu wucewa (ciki har da layin dogo na Kanada na Pacific), ya zartar da dokar ƙasa ta Dominion don daidaita matsuguni kuma ta kafa 'yan sanda na Arewa maso Yamma don tabbatar da ikon yankin.[73] rooypssxh7fzie9ixibhckkhba8jzj5 878709 878708 2026-07-07T21:43:43Z Nnamadee 31123 878709 wikitext text/x-wiki Kanada<ref>lish /ˈkænədə/ ⓘ,[8] French: </ref>[kanadaf ƙasa ce a Arewacin Amurka. Lardunanta guda goma da yankuna uku sun tashi daga Tekun Atlantika zuwa Tekun Pasifik da kuma arewa zuwa Tekun Arctic, wanda hakan ya sanya ta zama kasa ta biyu mafi girma a duniya bisa ga fadin duniya baki daya, tare da bakin teku mafi tsayi a duniya. Iyakarsa da Amurka ita ce iyakar kasa mafi tsayi a duniya. Ƙasar tana da nau'o'in nau'o'in yanayin yanayi da yankunan ƙasa. Tana da yawan jama'a sama da miliyan 41, tana da yawan jama'a daban-daban, tare da yawancin mazauna birane da manyan yankunan ƙasar ba su da yawa. Babban birnin Kanada shine Ottawa kuma manyan yankuna uku ne na Toronto, Montreal, da Vancouver. ’Yan asalin ƙasar sun ci gaba da zama a ƙasar Kanada har tsawon dubban shekaru. Tun daga karni na 16, balaguron Burtaniya da Faransa sun yi bincike kuma daga baya suka zauna a bakin tekun Atlantika. Sakamakon rikice-rikice na makamai daban-daban, Faransa ta ba da kusan dukkanin yankunan Arewacin Amirka a 1763. A 1867, tare da haɗin gwiwar Birtaniya ta Arewa guda uku. ==Asalinta== Babban labarin: Sunan Kanada Yayin da aka gabatar da ra'ayoyi iri-iri don asalin asalin ƙasar Kanada, yanzu an karɓi sunan kamar yadda ya fito daga kalmar St. Lawrence Iroquoian kanata, ma'ana "kauye" ko "matsuwa".<ref> AHistorical Dictionary of European Imperialism</ref> cikin 1535, 'yan asalin mazauna yankin Qebec na yanzu sun yi amfani da kalmar don jagorantar mai binciken Faransa Jacques Cartier zuwa ƙauyen Stadacona.<ref>Rayburn, Alan (2001). Naming Canada: Stories about Canadian Place Names. University of Toronto Press. pp. 14–22. ISBN 978-0-8020-8293-0.</ref> Daga baya Cartier ya yi amfani da kalmar Kanada don komawa ba kawai ga wannan ƙauyen ba amma ga dukan yankin da ke ƙarƙashin Donnacona (shugaba a Stadacona);,<ref> Rayburn, Alan (2001). Naming Canada: Stories about Canadian Place Names. University of Toronto Press. pp. 14–22. ISBN 978-0-8020-8293-0</ref> ta 1545, littattafan Turai da taswira sun fara magana game da wannan ƙaramin yanki kusa da kogin Saint Lawrence a matsayin Kanada.<ref>Rayburn, Alan (2001). Naming Canada: Stories about Canadian Place Names. University of Toronto Press. pp. 14–22. ISBN 978-0-8020-8293-0</ref><ref>Rayburn, Alan (2001). Naming Canada: Stories about Canadian Place Names. University of Toronto Press. pp. 14–22. ISBN 978-0-8020-8293-0</ref> Daga na 16 zuwa farkon karni na 18, Kanada tana magana akan ɓangaren New Faransa da ke gefen kogin Saint Lawrence.<ref>Encyclopedia of Canada's People</ref>Bayan mamayar da Birtaniyya ta yi wa sabuwr Faransa, wannan yanki an san shi da lardin Quebec na Burtaniya daga 1763 zuwa 1791.<ref> "Province of Quebec 1763-91". The Canadian Encyclopedia. May 14, 2020. Retrieved October 1, 2024.</ref> A cikin 1791, yankin ya zama yankunan Burtaniya biyu da ake kira Upper Canada da Lower Canada. Wadannan yankuna guda biyu ana kiran su a matsayin Kanada har sai da hadin gwiwarsu a matsayin lardin Kanada a 1841.<ref>"An Act to Re-write the Provinces of Upper and Lower Canada, and for the Government of Canada"</ref> Bayan Ƙungiya a cikin 1867, an karɓi Kanada a matsayin sunan doka na sabuwar ƙasa a taron London kuma an ba da kalmar mulki a matsayin taken ƙasar.<ref>"Dominion of the Gods: Religious continuity and change in a Canadian context"</ref> A cikin shekarun 1950, Burtaniya ta daina amfani da kalmar Dominion of Canada, wacce ta dauki Kanada a matsayin "sarauniyar Commonwealth".<ref>The New Elizabethan Age: Culture, Society and National Identity after World War II,</ref><ref>Canada and the British Empire</ref><ref>"An Act to Re-write the Provinces of Upper and Lower Canada, and for the Government of Canada"</ref><ref>"Dominion of the Gods: Religious continuity and change in a Canadian context"</ref> <ref>Buckner, Philip, ed. (2008). Canada and the British Empire. Oxford University Press. pp. 37–40, 56–59, 114, 124–125. ISBN 978-0-19-927164-1</ref><ref>O'Toole, Roger (2009). "Dominion of the Gods: Religious continuity and change in a Canadian context". In Hvithamar, Annika; Warburg, Margit; Jacobsen, Brian Arly (eds.). Holy Nations and Global Identities: Civil Religion, Nationalism, and Globalisation. Brill. p. 137. ISBN 978-90-04-17828-1</ref> ==Tarihi== Babban labarin: Tarihin Kanada Ƙarin bayani: Timeline na tarihin Kanada da Tarihin Kanada Mutanen asali Mazaunan Arewacin Amurka gabaɗaya ana hasashen cewa sun yi ƙaura daga Siberiya ta hanyar gadar ƙasar Bering kuma sun ƙalla shekaru 14,000 da suka wuce.<ref>Dillehay, Thomas D. (2008). The Settlement of the Americas: A New Prehistory. Basic Books. p. 61. ISBN 978-0-7867-2543-4. Fagan, Brian M.; Durrani, Nadia (2016). World Prehistory: A Brief Introduction. Routledge. p. 124. ISBN 978-1-317-34244-1.</ref> Wuraren binciken kayan tarihi na Paleo-Indiya a Old Crow Flats da Bluefish Caves sune biyu daga cikin tsoffin wuraren zama na ɗan adam a Kanada.<ref>Rawat, Rajiv (2012). Circumpolar Health Atlas. University of Toronto Press. p. 58. ISBN 978-1-4426-4456-4</ref> al'ummomin ƴan asalin sun haɗa da matsuguni na dindindin, aikin noma, sarƙaƙƙiya na al'umma, da hanyoyin kasuwanci.<ref>Indigenous Difference and the Constitution of Canada</ref><ref>Compact, Contract, Covenant: Aboriginal Treaty-Making in Canada</ref> <ref> "Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada: Calls to Action"</ref> wasu daga cikin waɗannan al'adu sun rushe a lokacin da masu binciken Turai suka zo a ƙarshen 15th da farkon ƙarni na 16 kuma an gano su ne kawai ta hanyar binciken kayan tarihi.<ref>Sonneborn, Liz (January 2007). Chronology of American Indian History. Infobase Publishing. pp. 2–12. ISBN 978-0-8160-6770</ref> ’Yan asalin ƙasar Kanada a yau sun haɗa da al’ummai na farko, Inuit, da Métis, <ref> Graber, Christoph Beat; Kuprecht, Karolina; Lai, Jessica C. (2012). International Trade in Indigenous Cultural Heritage: Legal and Policy Issues. Edward Elgar Publishing. p. 366. ISBN 978-0-85793-831-</ref> na ƙarshe na zuriyar gauraye waɗanda suka samo asali a tsakiyar ƙarni na 17 lokacin da Al’ummar Farko suka auri mazauna Turai da zuriyarsu daga baya suka haɓaka ainihinsu.<ref>Graber, Christoph Beat; Kuprecht, Karolina; Lai, Jessica C. (2012). International Trade in Indigenous Cultural Heritage: Legal and Policy Issues. Edward Elgar Publishing. p. 366. ISBN 978-0-85793-831</ref> <ref>Archived</ref> <ref>An Act to Re-write the Provinces of Upper and Lower Canada, and for the Government of Canada". J.C. Fisher & W. Kimble. 1841. p. 20</ref> Taswirar Kanada da ke nuna adadin asalin ɗan asalin da aka ba da rahoton kai (Al'ummai ta Farko, Inuit, Métis) ta ɓangaren ƙidayar jama'a, bisa ga ƙidayar Kanada ta 2021<ref>Wilson, Donna M; Northcott, Herbert C (2008). Dying and Death in Canada. University of Toronto Press. pp. 25–27. ISBN 978-1-55111-873-4.</ref> An kiyasta yawan ƴan asalin ƙasar a lokacin ƙauyukan Turai na farko tsakanin 200,000<ref> Thornton, Russell (2000). "Population history of Native North Americans". In Haines, Michael R; Steckel, Richard Hall (eds.). A population history of North America. Cambridge University Press. pp. 13, 380. ISBN 978-0-521-49666</ref> da miliyan biyu, <ref> Thornton, Russell (2000). "Population history of Native North Americans". In Haines, Michael R; Steckel, Richard Hall (eds.). A population history of North America. Cambridge University Press. pp. 13, 380. ISBN 978-0-521-49666</ref> tare da adadi na 500,000 da Hukumar Sarauta ta Kanada kan Jama'ar Aboriginal ta yarda.<ref> "Native Populations of Canada"</ref> Taswirar Kanada da ke nuna adadin asalin ɗan asalin da aka ba da rahoton kai (Al'ummai ta Farko, Inuit, Métis) ta ɓangaren ƙidayar jama'a, bisa ga ƙidayar Kanada ta 2021<ref>Marshall, Ingeborg (1998). A History and Ethnography of the Beothuk. McGill-Queen's University Press. p. 442. ISBN 978-0-7735-</ref> An kiyasta yawan ƴan asalin ƙasar a lokacin ƙauyukan Turai na farko tsakanin 200,000[23] da miliyan biyu,<ref>Thornton, Russell (2000). "Population history of Native North Americans". In Haines, Michael R; Steckel, Richard Hall (eds.). A population history of North America. Cambridge </ref> tare da adadi na 500,000 da Hukumar Sarauta ta Kanada kan Jama'ar Aboriginal ta yarda.<ref>Wilson, Donna M; Northcott, Herbert C (2008). Dying and Death in Canada. University of Toronto Press. pp. 25–27. ISBN 978-1-55111-873-4.</ref> <ref>Indigenous Intergenerational Resilience: Confronting Cultural and Ecological Crisis</ref><ref>Indigenous Communities and Settler Colonialism: Land Holding, Loss and Survival in an Interconnected World</ref><ref>Preston, David L. (2009). The Texture of Contact: European and Indian Settler Communities on the Frontiers of Iroquoia, 1667–1783. University of Nebraska Press. pp. 43–44. ISBN 978-0-8032-2549</ref><ref>Asch, Michael (1997). Aboriginal and Treaty Rights in Canada: Essays on Law, Equity, and Respect for Difference. UBC Press. p. 28. ISBN 978-0-7748-0581</ref> ==Turawan mulkin mallaka== Taswirar iƙirarin yanki a Arewacin Amurka ta 1750. Mallakar Biritaniya Amurka (ruwan hoda), Sabuwar Faransa (blue), da New Spain (orange); California, Pacific Northwest, da Great Basin ba a nuna su ba.<ref>Wallace, Birgitta (October 12, 2018). "Leif Eriksson". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Archived from the original on April 13, 2021. Retrieved June 4, 2020.</ref><ref> Buckner, Phillip Alfred; Reid, John G. (1994). The Atlantic Region to Confederation: A History. University of Toronto Press. pp. 55–56. ISBN 978-0-8020-6977-1. Hornsby, Stephen J (2005). British Atlantic, American frontier: spaces of power in early modern British America. University Press of New England. pp. 14, 18–19, 22–23. ISBN 978-1-58465-427-8.</ref>sunyi imani da cewa farkon rubuce-rubucen Turai don gano gabar gabashin Kanada shine mai binciken Norse Leif Erikson.<ref> "L'Anse aux Meadows National Historic Site"</ref> A cikin kusan 1000 AD, Norse ya gina wani ɗan gajeren zango wanda ya kasance yana zama na ɗmokaci tsawon shekaru 20 a L'Anse aux Meadows a arewacin Newfoundland.<ref> Conflict and Compromise: Pre-Confederation Canada</ref> ba a sake yin wani bincike na Turai ba har zuwa 1497, lokacin da ma'aikacin jirgin ruwa John Cabot ya bincika bsbbbkuma ya yi ikirarin gabar tekun Atlantika na Kanada da sunan Henry VII na Ingila.<ref> The Voyages of Jacques Cartier</ref> a shekara ta 1534, wani ɗan ƙasar Faransa mai binciken Jacques Cartier ya binciko mashigin tekun Saint Lawrence inda a ranar 24 ga Yuli, ya dasa giciye mai tsayin mita 10 (33 ft) mai ɗauke da kalmomin, "Ranka ya daɗe da rai", kuma ya mallaki ƙasar Sabuwar Faransa da sunan Sarki Francis I.<ref>Historical Atlas of Canada: From the beginning to 1800</ref> A farkon karni na 16 ya ga ma'aikatan ruwa na Turai tare da dabarun kewayawa da Basque da Portuguese suka kafa wuraren kifin kifi na yanayi da kamun kifi a bakin tekun Atlantika.<ref> Baten, Jörg (2016). A History of the Global Economy. From 1500 to the Present. Cambridge University Press. p. 84. ISBN 978-1-107-50718</ref> gabadaa, ƙauyuka na farko a lokacin Age of Discovery sun bayyana cewa ba su daɗe ba saboda haɗuwa da matsanancin yanayi, matsalolin kewaya hanyoyin kasuwanci da gasa a cikin Scandinavia.<ref>Baten, Jörg (2016). A History of the Global Economy. From 1500 to the Present. Cambridge University Press. p. 84. ISBN 978-1-107-50718-0. Wynn, Graeme (2007). Canada and Arctic North America: An Environmental History. ABC-CLIO. p. 49. ISBN 978-1-85109-437-0.</ref> <ref>Wars of the age of Louis XIV, 1650–1715: an encyclopedia of global warfare and civilization</ref> <ref>, Linda S.; Lightfoot, Kent; McManamon, Francis; Milner, George (2009). "L'Anse aux Meadows National Historic Site". Archaeology in America: An Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. pp. 27, 82. ISBN 978-0-313-02189-3.</ref> A <cikin 1583, Sir Humphrey Gilbert, ta ikon sarautar Sarauniya Elizabeth I, ya kafa St John's, Newfoundland, a matsayin zangon lokacin Turanci na farko na Arewacin Amurka.<ref>. Cod: The Ecological History of the North Atlantic Fisheries</ref> [39] <ref>Kelley, Ninette; Trebilcock, Michael J. (September 30, 2010). The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy. University of Toronto Press. p. 27. ISBN 978-0-8020-9536-7.</ref> <ref>The Reader's Encyclopedia of the American West</ref> <ref>Tucker, Spencer C; Arnold, James; Wiener, Roberta (September 30, 2011). The Encyclopedia of North American Indian Wars, 1607–1890: A Political, Social, and Military History. ABC-CLIO. p. 394. ISBN 978-1-85109-697-8.</ref> <ref>Allaire, Gratien (May 2007). "From 'Nouvelle-France' to 'Francophonie canadienne': a historical survey". International Journal of the Sociology of Language (185): 25–52. doi:10.1515/IJSL.2007.024. ISSN 0165-2516.</ref> <ref>Wallace, Birgitta (October 12, 2018). "Leif Eriksson". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Archived from the original on April 13, 2021. Retrieved June 4, 2020. Johansen, Bruce E.; Pritzker, Barry M. (2007). Encyclopedia of American Indian History. ABC-CLIO. pp. 727–728. ISBN 978-1-85109-818-7.</ref> <ref>Blake, Raymond B.; Keshen, Jeffrey; Knowles, Norman J.; Messamore, Barbara J. (2017). Conflict and Compromise: Pre-Confederation Canada. University of Toronto Press. p. 19. ISBN 978-1-4426</ref> <ref>Kerr, Donald Peter (1987). Historical Atlas of Canada: From the beginning to 1800. University of Toronto Press. p. 47. ISBN 978-0-8020</ref> <ref>Baten, Jörg (2016). A History of the Global Economy. From 1500 to the Present. Cambridge University Press. p. 84. ISBN 978-1-107-50718-0. Wynn, Graeme (2007). Canada and Arctic North America: An Environmental History. ABC-CLIO. p. 49. ISBN 978-1-85109-437-0.</ref> ==Turawan mulkin mallaka== Taswirar iƙirarin yanki a Arewacin Amurka ta 1750. Mallakar Biritaniya Amurka (ruwan hoda), Sabuwar Faransa (blue), da New Spain (orange); California, Pacific Northwest, da Great Basin ba a nuna su ba.<ref>Wallace, Birgitta (October 12, 2018). "Leif Eriksson". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Archived from the original on April 13, 2021. Retrieved June 4, 2020. Johansen, Bruce E.; Pritzker, Barry M. (2007). Encyclopedia of American Indian History. ABC-CLIO. pp. 727–728. ISBN 978-1-85109-818-7.</ref> An yi imani da cewa farkon rubuce-rubucen Turai don gano gabar gabashin Kanada shine mai binciken Norse Leif Erikson.<ref> Cordell, Linda S.; Lightfoot, Kent; McManamon, Francis; Milner, George (2009). "L'Anse aux Meadows National Historic Site". Archaeology in America: An Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. pp. 27, 82. ISBN 978-0-313-02189-3</ref> A cikin kusan 1000 AD, Norse ya gina wani ɗan gajeren zango wanda ya kasance yana zama na ɗan lokaci tsawon shekaru 20 a L'Anse aux Meadows a arewacin Newfoundland.[m<ref> Blake, Raymond B.; Keshen, Jeffrey; Knowles, Norman J.; Messamore, Barbara J. (2017). Conflict and Compromise: Pre-Confederation Canada. University of Toronto Press. p. 19. ISBN 978-1-4426-3553</ref> Ba a sake yin wani bincike na Turai ba har zuwa 1497, lokacin da ma'aikacin jirgin ruwa John Cabot ya bincika kuma ya yi ikirarin gabar tekun Atlantika na Kanada da sunan Henry VII na Ingila.<ref>Blake, Raymond B.; Keshen, Jeffrey; Knowles, Norman J.; Messamore, Barbara J. (2017). Conflict and Compromise: Pre-Confederation Canada. University of Toronto Press. p. 19. ISBN 978-1-4426</ref> A shekara ta 1534, wani ɗan ƙasar Faransmai binciken Jacques Cartier ya binciko mashigin tekun Saint Lawrence inda a ranar 24 ga Yuli, ya dasa giciye mai tsayin mita 10 (33 ft) mai ɗauke da kalmomin, "Ranka ya daɗe da rai", kuma ya mallaki ƙasar Sabuwar Faransa da sunan Sarki Francis I.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=tDNe7GOOwfwC&pg=PA209</ref> A farkon karni na 16 ya ga ma'aikatan ruwa na Turai tare da dabarun kewayawa da Basque da Portuguese suka kafa wuraren kifin kifi na yanayi da kamun kifi a bakin tekun Atlantika.[42] Gabaɗaya, ƙauyuka na farko a lokacin Age of Discovery sun bayyana cewa ba su daɗe ba saboda haɗuwa da matsanancin yanayi, matsalolin kewaya hanyoyin kasuwanci da gasa a cikin Scandinavia.[43] A cikin 1583, Sir Humphrey Gilbert, ta ikon sarautar Sarauniya Elizabeth I, ya kafa St John's, Newfoundland, a matsayin zangon lokacin Turanci na farko na Arewacin Amurka.[44] [39] ==Arewacin Amurka== Zanen Janar Wolfe yana mutuwa a gaban tutar Birtaniyya yayin da hafsoshi da abokansa na asali suka halarta Mutuwar Benjamin West na Janar Wolfe (1771) ya nuna wasan kwaikwayo game da mutuwar James Wolfe a lokacin yakin filayen Ibrahim a birnin Quebec.<ref>Buckner, Philip, ed. (2008). Canada and the British Empire. Oxford University Press. pp. 37–40, 56–59, 114, 124–125. ISBN 978-0-19-927164</ref> Sanarwar Sarauta ta 1763 ta kafa haƙƙin yarjejeniya ta Ƙasa ta Farko, ta ƙirƙiri lardin Quebec daga New Faransa, kuma ta haɗa tsibirin Cape Breton zuwa Nova Scotia.<ref>Buckner, Philip, ed. (2008). Canada and the British Empire. Oxford University Press. pp. 37–40, 56–59, 114, 124–125. ISBN 978-0-19-927164-</ref> St. Jte colony a shekara ta 1769.,,<ref> British Journal of Canadian Studies</ref> Don kawar da rikici a Quebec, Majalisar Dokokin Burtaniya ta zartar da Dokar Quebec ta 1774, ta faɗaɗa yankin Quebec zuwa Babban Tafkuna da Kwarin Ohio.<ref> Canada: an Encyclopaedia of the Country: The Canadian Dominion Considered in Its Historic Relations, Its Natural Resources, its Material Progress and its National Development, by a Corps of Eminent Writers and Specialists</ref> mafi mahimmanci, dokar Quebec ta ba da yancin kai na musamman na Quebec da haƙƙin gudanar da kai a lokacin da Turawan Mulkin Mallaka goma sha uku ke ƙara tada jijiyar wuya ga mulkin Birtaniya.<ref>An Empire of Regions: A Brief History of Colonial British America</ref> Ta sake kafa harshen Faransanci, bangaskiyar Katolika, da dokokin faransanci a can, tare da hana ci gaban yunkurin 'yancin kai sabanin Turawan Mulki goma sha uku[55]. 6] Bayan nasarar yakin Amurka na samun 'yancin kai, yarjejeniyar Paris ta 1783 ta amince da 'yancin kai na sabuwar Amurka da aka kafa tare da kafa sharuɗɗan zaman lafiya, inda ta keɓe yankunan Biritaniya ta Arewacin Amirka kudu da manyan tabkuna da gabashin kogin Mississippi zuwa sabuwar ƙasa.[56]. Yaƙin samun 'yancin kai na Amurka ya kuma haifar da ƙaura mai yawa na 'yan kishin aminci, waɗanda suka yi yaƙi da 'yancin kai na Amurka. Mutane da yawa sun ƙaura zuwa Kanada, musamman Atlantika Kanada, inda zuwansu ya canza rabe-raben alƙaluma na yankunan da ake da su. [57] Yan Kanada sune babban gaba a yakin 1812 tsakanin Amurka da Ingila. Zaman lafiya ya zo a 1815; Ba a canza iyakoki ba.[60] Shige da fice ya koma matsayi mafi girma, inda sama da 960,000 suka shigo daga Biritaniya tsakanin 1815 zuwa 1850.[61] Sabbin masu zuwa sun haɗa da 'yan gudun hijirar da suka tsere daga Babban Yunwar Irish da kuma 'yan Scots masu jin Gaelic da aka kora daga matsugunin Highland Clearances.[62] Cututtuka masu yaduwa sun kashe tsakanin kashi 25 zuwa 33 na Turawa da suka yi hijira zuwa Kanada kafin 1891.[23]. Sha'awar gwamnati mai alhakin ya haifar da zubar da jini na 1837.[63] Rahoton Durham daga baya ya ba da shawarar gwamnati mai alhakin da kuma haɗa mutanen Kanada na Faransa cikin al'adun Ingilishi.[16] Dokar Tarayyar ta 1840 ta haɗa Kanadas zuwa lardin Kanada mai haɗin kai kuma an kafa gwamnati mai alhakin duk lardunan Biritaniya ta Arewa da ke gabas da Tafkin Superior ta 1855.[64] Rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar Oregon da Biritaniya da Amurka suka yi a shekara ta 1846 ya kawo karshen takaddamar kan iyaka ta Oregon, ta mika kan iyaka zuwa yamma tare da daidaici na 49. Wannan ya ba da hanya ga mulkin mallaka na Birtaniyya a tsibirin Vancouver (1849) da kuma a cikin British Columbia (1858).[65] Yarjejeniyar Anglo-Rasha ta Saint Petersburg (1825) ta kafa iyaka a bakin tekun Pasifik, amma, ko da bayan siyan Alaska na Amurka na 1867, an ci gaba da jayayya game da ainihin ƙayyadaddun iyakar Alaska-Yukon da Alaska-British Columbia.[66] ==Ƙungiya da faɗaɗawa== Koma zuwa taken Taswirar rayayye wanda ke nuna girma da canji na larduna da yankuna na Kanada tun daga Tarayyar Turai a 1867[67] Bayan tarurrukan tsarin mulki guda uku, Dokar Arewacin Amurka ta Biritaniya, 1867 a hukumance ta ba da sanarwar Tarayyar Kanada a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 1867, da farko tare da larduna huɗu: Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia, da New Brunswick.[68] Kanada ta karbi ikon Rupert's Land da yankin Arewa maso Yamma don samar da yankunan Arewa maso Yamma, inda korafe-korafen Métis ya haifar da Tawayen kogin Red River da kuma samar da lardin Manitoba a cikin Yuli 1870.[69]. British Columbia da tsibirin Vancouver (wanda aka haɗe a cikin 1866) sun shiga ƙungiyar a cikin 1871 akan alƙawarin layin dogo mai wucewa zuwa Victoria a cikin lardin a cikin shekaru 10, [70] yayin da tsibirin Prince Edward ya shiga cikin 1873.[71]. A cikin 1898, a lokacin Klondike Gold Rush a cikin Yankunan Arewa maso Yamma, Majalisar ta kirkiro yankin Yukon. Alberta da Saskatchewan sun zama larduna a cikin 1905.[71] Tsakanin 1871 da 1896, kusan kashi ɗaya bisa huɗu na al'ummar Kanada sun yi ƙaura zuwa kudu zuwa Amurka.[72] Don buɗe Yamma da ƙarfafa shige da fice na Turai, Gwamnatin Kanada ta ɗauki nauyin gina layin dogo guda uku masu wucewa (ciki har da layin dogo na Kanada na Pacific), ya zartar da dokar ƙasa ta Dominion don daidaita matsuguni kuma ta kafa 'yan sanda na Arewa maso Yamma don tabbatar da ikon yankin.[73] dbfqmq0vll3pwp7am1phdadgcgv6chl 878710 878709 2026-07-07T21:44:25Z Nnamadee 31123 878710 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kanada'''<ref>lish /ˈkænədə/ ⓘ,[8] French: </ref> kanada ƙasa ce a Arewacin Amurka. Lardunanta guda goma da yankuna uku sun tashi daga Tekun Atlantika zuwa Tekun Pasifik da kuma arewa zuwa Tekun Arctic, wanda hakan ya sanya ta zama kasa ta biyu mafi girma a duniya bisa ga fadin duniya baki daya, tare da bakin teku mafi tsayi a duniya. Iyakarsa da Amurka ita ce iyakar kasa mafi tsayi a duniya. Ƙasar tana da nau'o'in nau'o'in yanayin yanayi da yankunan ƙasa. Tana da yawan jama'a sama da miliyan 41, tana da yawan jama'a daban-daban, tare da yawancin mazauna birane da manyan yankunan ƙasar ba su da yawa. Babban birnin Kanada shine Ottawa kuma manyan yankuna uku ne na Toronto, Montreal, da Vancouver. ’Yan asalin ƙasar sun ci gaba da zama a ƙasar Kanada har tsawon dubban shekaru. Tun daga karni na 16, balaguron Burtaniya da Faransa sun yi bincike kuma daga baya suka zauna a bakin tekun Atlantika. Sakamakon rikice-rikice na makamai daban-daban, Faransa ta ba da kusan dukkanin yankunan Arewacin Amirka a 1763. A 1867, tare da haɗin gwiwar Birtaniya ta Arewa guda uku. ==Asalinta== Babban labarin: Sunan Kanada Yayin da aka gabatar da ra'ayoyi iri-iri don asalin asalin ƙasar Kanada, yanzu an karɓi sunan kamar yadda ya fito daga kalmar St. Lawrence Iroquoian kanata, ma'ana "kauye" ko "matsuwa".<ref> AHistorical Dictionary of European Imperialism</ref> cikin 1535, 'yan asalin mazauna yankin Qebec na yanzu sun yi amfani da kalmar don jagorantar mai binciken Faransa Jacques Cartier zuwa ƙauyen Stadacona.<ref>Rayburn, Alan (2001). Naming Canada: Stories about Canadian Place Names. University of Toronto Press. pp. 14–22. ISBN 978-0-8020-8293-0.</ref> Daga baya Cartier ya yi amfani da kalmar Kanada don komawa ba kawai ga wannan ƙauyen ba amma ga dukan yankin da ke ƙarƙashin Donnacona (shugaba a Stadacona);,<ref> Rayburn, Alan (2001). Naming Canada: Stories about Canadian Place Names. University of Toronto Press. pp. 14–22. ISBN 978-0-8020-8293-0</ref> ta 1545, littattafan Turai da taswira sun fara magana game da wannan ƙaramin yanki kusa da kogin Saint Lawrence a matsayin Kanada.<ref>Rayburn, Alan (2001). Naming Canada: Stories about Canadian Place Names. University of Toronto Press. pp. 14–22. ISBN 978-0-8020-8293-0</ref><ref>Rayburn, Alan (2001). Naming Canada: Stories about Canadian Place Names. University of Toronto Press. pp. 14–22. ISBN 978-0-8020-8293-0</ref> Daga na 16 zuwa farkon karni na 18, Kanada tana magana akan ɓangaren New Faransa da ke gefen kogin Saint Lawrence.<ref>Encyclopedia of Canada's People</ref>Bayan mamayar da Birtaniyya ta yi wa sabuwr Faransa, wannan yanki an san shi da lardin Quebec na Burtaniya daga 1763 zuwa 1791.<ref> "Province of Quebec 1763-91". The Canadian Encyclopedia. May 14, 2020. Retrieved October 1, 2024.</ref> A cikin 1791, yankin ya zama yankunan Burtaniya biyu da ake kira Upper Canada da Lower Canada. Wadannan yankuna guda biyu ana kiran su a matsayin Kanada har sai da hadin gwiwarsu a matsayin lardin Kanada a 1841.<ref>"An Act to Re-write the Provinces of Upper and Lower Canada, and for the Government of Canada"</ref> Bayan Ƙungiya a cikin 1867, an karɓi Kanada a matsayin sunan doka na sabuwar ƙasa a taron London kuma an ba da kalmar mulki a matsayin taken ƙasar.<ref>"Dominion of the Gods: Religious continuity and change in a Canadian context"</ref> A cikin shekarun 1950, Burtaniya ta daina amfani da kalmar Dominion of Canada, wacce ta dauki Kanada a matsayin "sarauniyar Commonwealth".<ref>The New Elizabethan Age: Culture, Society and National Identity after World War II,</ref><ref>Canada and the British Empire</ref><ref>"An Act to Re-write the Provinces of Upper and Lower Canada, and for the Government of Canada"</ref><ref>"Dominion of the Gods: Religious continuity and change in a Canadian context"</ref> <ref>Buckner, Philip, ed. (2008). Canada and the British Empire. Oxford University Press. pp. 37–40, 56–59, 114, 124–125. ISBN 978-0-19-927164-1</ref><ref>O'Toole, Roger (2009). "Dominion of the Gods: Religious continuity and change in a Canadian context". In Hvithamar, Annika; Warburg, Margit; Jacobsen, Brian Arly (eds.). Holy Nations and Global Identities: Civil Religion, Nationalism, and Globalisation. Brill. p. 137. ISBN 978-90-04-17828-1</ref> ==Tarihi== Babban labarin: Tarihin Kanada Ƙarin bayani: Timeline na tarihin Kanada da Tarihin Kanada Mutanen asali Mazaunan Arewacin Amurka gabaɗaya ana hasashen cewa sun yi ƙaura daga Siberiya ta hanyar gadar ƙasar Bering kuma sun ƙalla shekaru 14,000 da suka wuce.<ref>Dillehay, Thomas D. (2008). The Settlement of the Americas: A New Prehistory. Basic Books. p. 61. ISBN 978-0-7867-2543-4. Fagan, Brian M.; Durrani, Nadia (2016). World Prehistory: A Brief Introduction. Routledge. p. 124. ISBN 978-1-317-34244-1.</ref> Wuraren binciken kayan tarihi na Paleo-Indiya a Old Crow Flats da Bluefish Caves sune biyu daga cikin tsoffin wuraren zama na ɗan adam a Kanada.<ref>Rawat, Rajiv (2012). Circumpolar Health Atlas. University of Toronto Press. p. 58. ISBN 978-1-4426-4456-4</ref> al'ummomin ƴan asalin sun haɗa da matsuguni na dindindin, aikin noma, sarƙaƙƙiya na al'umma, da hanyoyin kasuwanci.<ref>Indigenous Difference and the Constitution of Canada</ref><ref>Compact, Contract, Covenant: Aboriginal Treaty-Making in Canada</ref> <ref> "Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada: Calls to Action"</ref> wasu daga cikin waɗannan al'adu sun rushe a lokacin da masu binciken Turai suka zo a ƙarshen 15th da farkon ƙarni na 16 kuma an gano su ne kawai ta hanyar binciken kayan tarihi.<ref>Sonneborn, Liz (January 2007). Chronology of American Indian History. Infobase Publishing. pp. 2–12. ISBN 978-0-8160-6770</ref> ’Yan asalin ƙasar Kanada a yau sun haɗa da al’ummai na farko, Inuit, da Métis, <ref> Graber, Christoph Beat; Kuprecht, Karolina; Lai, Jessica C. (2012). International Trade in Indigenous Cultural Heritage: Legal and Policy Issues. Edward Elgar Publishing. p. 366. ISBN 978-0-85793-831-</ref> na ƙarshe na zuriyar gauraye waɗanda suka samo asali a tsakiyar ƙarni na 17 lokacin da Al’ummar Farko suka auri mazauna Turai da zuriyarsu daga baya suka haɓaka ainihinsu.<ref>Graber, Christoph Beat; Kuprecht, Karolina; Lai, Jessica C. (2012). International Trade in Indigenous Cultural Heritage: Legal and Policy Issues. Edward Elgar Publishing. p. 366. ISBN 978-0-85793-831</ref> <ref>Archived</ref> <ref>An Act to Re-write the Provinces of Upper and Lower Canada, and for the Government of Canada". J.C. Fisher & W. Kimble. 1841. p. 20</ref> Taswirar Kanada da ke nuna adadin asalin ɗan asalin da aka ba da rahoton kai (Al'ummai ta Farko, Inuit, Métis) ta ɓangaren ƙidayar jama'a, bisa ga ƙidayar Kanada ta 2021<ref>Wilson, Donna M; Northcott, Herbert C (2008). Dying and Death in Canada. University of Toronto Press. pp. 25–27. ISBN 978-1-55111-873-4.</ref> An kiyasta yawan ƴan asalin ƙasar a lokacin ƙauyukan Turai na farko tsakanin 200,000<ref> Thornton, Russell (2000). "Population history of Native North Americans". In Haines, Michael R; Steckel, Richard Hall (eds.). A population history of North America. Cambridge University Press. pp. 13, 380. ISBN 978-0-521-49666</ref> da miliyan biyu, <ref> Thornton, Russell (2000). "Population history of Native North Americans". In Haines, Michael R; Steckel, Richard Hall (eds.). A population history of North America. Cambridge University Press. pp. 13, 380. ISBN 978-0-521-49666</ref> tare da adadi na 500,000 da Hukumar Sarauta ta Kanada kan Jama'ar Aboriginal ta yarda.<ref> "Native Populations of Canada"</ref> Taswirar Kanada da ke nuna adadin asalin ɗan asalin da aka ba da rahoton kai (Al'ummai ta Farko, Inuit, Métis) ta ɓangaren ƙidayar jama'a, bisa ga ƙidayar Kanada ta 2021<ref>Marshall, Ingeborg (1998). A History and Ethnography of the Beothuk. McGill-Queen's University Press. p. 442. ISBN 978-0-7735-</ref> An kiyasta yawan ƴan asalin ƙasar a lokacin ƙauyukan Turai na farko tsakanin 200,000[23] da miliyan biyu,<ref>Thornton, Russell (2000). "Population history of Native North Americans". In Haines, Michael R; Steckel, Richard Hall (eds.). A population history of North America. Cambridge </ref> tare da adadi na 500,000 da Hukumar Sarauta ta Kanada kan Jama'ar Aboriginal ta yarda.<ref>Wilson, Donna M; Northcott, Herbert C (2008). Dying and Death in Canada. University of Toronto Press. pp. 25–27. ISBN 978-1-55111-873-4.</ref> <ref>Indigenous Intergenerational Resilience: Confronting Cultural and Ecological Crisis</ref><ref>Indigenous Communities and Settler Colonialism: Land Holding, Loss and Survival in an Interconnected World</ref><ref>Preston, David L. (2009). The Texture of Contact: European and Indian Settler Communities on the Frontiers of Iroquoia, 1667–1783. University of Nebraska Press. pp. 43–44. ISBN 978-0-8032-2549</ref><ref>Asch, Michael (1997). Aboriginal and Treaty Rights in Canada: Essays on Law, Equity, and Respect for Difference. UBC Press. p. 28. ISBN 978-0-7748-0581</ref> ==Turawan mulkin mallaka== Taswirar iƙirarin yanki a Arewacin Amurka ta 1750. Mallakar Biritaniya Amurka (ruwan hoda), Sabuwar Faransa (blue), da New Spain (orange); California, Pacific Northwest, da Great Basin ba a nuna su ba.<ref>Wallace, Birgitta (October 12, 2018). "Leif Eriksson". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Archived from the original on April 13, 2021. Retrieved June 4, 2020.</ref><ref> Buckner, Phillip Alfred; Reid, John G. (1994). The Atlantic Region to Confederation: A History. University of Toronto Press. pp. 55–56. ISBN 978-0-8020-6977-1. Hornsby, Stephen J (2005). British Atlantic, American frontier: spaces of power in early modern British America. University Press of New England. pp. 14, 18–19, 22–23. ISBN 978-1-58465-427-8.</ref>sunyi imani da cewa farkon rubuce-rubucen Turai don gano gabar gabashin Kanada shine mai binciken Norse Leif Erikson.<ref> "L'Anse aux Meadows National Historic Site"</ref> A cikin kusan 1000 AD, Norse ya gina wani ɗan gajeren zango wanda ya kasance yana zama na ɗmokaci tsawon shekaru 20 a L'Anse aux Meadows a arewacin Newfoundland.<ref> Conflict and Compromise: Pre-Confederation Canada</ref> ba a sake yin wani bincike na Turai ba har zuwa 1497, lokacin da ma'aikacin jirgin ruwa John Cabot ya bincika bsbbbkuma ya yi ikirarin gabar tekun Atlantika na Kanada da sunan Henry VII na Ingila.<ref> The Voyages of Jacques Cartier</ref> a shekara ta 1534, wani ɗan ƙasar Faransa mai binciken Jacques Cartier ya binciko mashigin tekun Saint Lawrence inda a ranar 24 ga Yuli, ya dasa giciye mai tsayin mita 10 (33 ft) mai ɗauke da kalmomin, "Ranka ya daɗe da rai", kuma ya mallaki ƙasar Sabuwar Faransa da sunan Sarki Francis I.<ref>Historical Atlas of Canada: From the beginning to 1800</ref> A farkon karni na 16 ya ga ma'aikatan ruwa na Turai tare da dabarun kewayawa da Basque da Portuguese suka kafa wuraren kifin kifi na yanayi da kamun kifi a bakin tekun Atlantika.<ref> Baten, Jörg (2016). A History of the Global Economy. From 1500 to the Present. Cambridge University Press. p. 84. ISBN 978-1-107-50718</ref> gabadaa, ƙauyuka na farko a lokacin Age of Discovery sun bayyana cewa ba su daɗe ba saboda haɗuwa da matsanancin yanayi, matsalolin kewaya hanyoyin kasuwanci da gasa a cikin Scandinavia.<ref>Baten, Jörg (2016). A History of the Global Economy. From 1500 to the Present. Cambridge University Press. p. 84. ISBN 978-1-107-50718-0. Wynn, Graeme (2007). Canada and Arctic North America: An Environmental History. ABC-CLIO. p. 49. ISBN 978-1-85109-437-0.</ref> <ref>Wars of the age of Louis XIV, 1650–1715: an encyclopedia of global warfare and civilization</ref> <ref>, Linda S.; Lightfoot, Kent; McManamon, Francis; Milner, George (2009). "L'Anse aux Meadows National Historic Site". Archaeology in America: An Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. pp. 27, 82. ISBN 978-0-313-02189-3.</ref> A <cikin 1583, Sir Humphrey Gilbert, ta ikon sarautar Sarauniya Elizabeth I, ya kafa St John's, Newfoundland, a matsayin zangon lokacin Turanci na farko na Arewacin Amurka.<ref>. Cod: The Ecological History of the North Atlantic Fisheries</ref> [39] <ref>Kelley, Ninette; Trebilcock, Michael J. (September 30, 2010). The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy. University of Toronto Press. p. 27. ISBN 978-0-8020-9536-7.</ref> <ref>The Reader's Encyclopedia of the American West</ref> <ref>Tucker, Spencer C; Arnold, James; Wiener, Roberta (September 30, 2011). The Encyclopedia of North American Indian Wars, 1607–1890: A Political, Social, and Military History. ABC-CLIO. p. 394. ISBN 978-1-85109-697-8.</ref> <ref>Allaire, Gratien (May 2007). "From 'Nouvelle-France' to 'Francophonie canadienne': a historical survey". International Journal of the Sociology of Language (185): 25–52. doi:10.1515/IJSL.2007.024. ISSN 0165-2516.</ref> <ref>Wallace, Birgitta (October 12, 2018). "Leif Eriksson". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Archived from the original on April 13, 2021. Retrieved June 4, 2020. Johansen, Bruce E.; Pritzker, Barry M. (2007). Encyclopedia of American Indian History. ABC-CLIO. pp. 727–728. ISBN 978-1-85109-818-7.</ref> <ref>Blake, Raymond B.; Keshen, Jeffrey; Knowles, Norman J.; Messamore, Barbara J. (2017). Conflict and Compromise: Pre-Confederation Canada. University of Toronto Press. p. 19. ISBN 978-1-4426</ref> <ref>Kerr, Donald Peter (1987). Historical Atlas of Canada: From the beginning to 1800. University of Toronto Press. p. 47. ISBN 978-0-8020</ref> <ref>Baten, Jörg (2016). A History of the Global Economy. From 1500 to the Present. Cambridge University Press. p. 84. ISBN 978-1-107-50718-0. Wynn, Graeme (2007). Canada and Arctic North America: An Environmental History. ABC-CLIO. p. 49. ISBN 978-1-85109-437-0.</ref> ==Turawan mulkin mallaka== Taswirar iƙirarin yanki a Arewacin Amurka ta 1750. Mallakar Biritaniya Amurka (ruwan hoda), Sabuwar Faransa (blue), da New Spain (orange); California, Pacific Northwest, da Great Basin ba a nuna su ba.<ref>Wallace, Birgitta (October 12, 2018). "Leif Eriksson". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Archived from the original on April 13, 2021. Retrieved June 4, 2020. Johansen, Bruce E.; Pritzker, Barry M. (2007). Encyclopedia of American Indian History. ABC-CLIO. pp. 727–728. ISBN 978-1-85109-818-7.</ref> An yi imani da cewa farkon rubuce-rubucen Turai don gano gabar gabashin Kanada shine mai binciken Norse Leif Erikson.<ref> Cordell, Linda S.; Lightfoot, Kent; McManamon, Francis; Milner, George (2009). "L'Anse aux Meadows National Historic Site". Archaeology in America: An Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. pp. 27, 82. ISBN 978-0-313-02189-3</ref> A cikin kusan 1000 AD, Norse ya gina wani ɗan gajeren zango wanda ya kasance yana zama na ɗan lokaci tsawon shekaru 20 a L'Anse aux Meadows a arewacin Newfoundland.[m<ref> Blake, Raymond B.; Keshen, Jeffrey; Knowles, Norman J.; Messamore, Barbara J. (2017). Conflict and Compromise: Pre-Confederation Canada. University of Toronto Press. p. 19. ISBN 978-1-4426-3553</ref> Ba a sake yin wani bincike na Turai ba har zuwa 1497, lokacin da ma'aikacin jirgin ruwa John Cabot ya bincika kuma ya yi ikirarin gabar tekun Atlantika na Kanada da sunan Henry VII na Ingila.<ref>Blake, Raymond B.; Keshen, Jeffrey; Knowles, Norman J.; Messamore, Barbara J. (2017). Conflict and Compromise: Pre-Confederation Canada. University of Toronto Press. p. 19. ISBN 978-1-4426</ref> A shekara ta 1534, wani ɗan ƙasar Faransmai binciken Jacques Cartier ya binciko mashigin tekun Saint Lawrence inda a ranar 24 ga Yuli, ya dasa giciye mai tsayin mita 10 (33 ft) mai ɗauke da kalmomin, "Ranka ya daɗe da rai", kuma ya mallaki ƙasar Sabuwar Faransa da sunan Sarki Francis I.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=tDNe7GOOwfwC&pg=PA209</ref> A farkon karni na 16 ya ga ma'aikatan ruwa na Turai tare da dabarun kewayawa da Basque da Portuguese suka kafa wuraren kifin kifi na yanayi da kamun kifi a bakin tekun Atlantika.[42] Gabaɗaya, ƙauyuka na farko a lokacin Age of Discovery sun bayyana cewa ba su daɗe ba saboda haɗuwa da matsanancin yanayi, matsalolin kewaya hanyoyin kasuwanci da gasa a cikin Scandinavia.[43] A cikin 1583, Sir Humphrey Gilbert, ta ikon sarautar Sarauniya Elizabeth I, ya kafa St John's, Newfoundland, a matsayin zangon lokacin Turanci na farko na Arewacin Amurka.[44] [39] ==Arewacin Amurka== Zanen Janar Wolfe yana mutuwa a gaban tutar Birtaniyya yayin da hafsoshi da abokansa na asali suka halarta Mutuwar Benjamin West na Janar Wolfe (1771) ya nuna wasan kwaikwayo game da mutuwar James Wolfe a lokacin yakin filayen Ibrahim a birnin Quebec.<ref>Buckner, Philip, ed. (2008). Canada and the British Empire. Oxford University Press. pp. 37–40, 56–59, 114, 124–125. ISBN 978-0-19-927164</ref> Sanarwar Sarauta ta 1763 ta kafa haƙƙin yarjejeniya ta Ƙasa ta Farko, ta ƙirƙiri lardin Quebec daga New Faransa, kuma ta haɗa tsibirin Cape Breton zuwa Nova Scotia.<ref>Buckner, Philip, ed. (2008). Canada and the British Empire. Oxford University Press. pp. 37–40, 56–59, 114, 124–125. ISBN 978-0-19-927164-</ref> St. Jte colony a shekara ta 1769.,,<ref> British Journal of Canadian Studies</ref> Don kawar da rikici a Quebec, Majalisar Dokokin Burtaniya ta zartar da Dokar Quebec ta 1774, ta faɗaɗa yankin Quebec zuwa Babban Tafkuna da Kwarin Ohio.<ref> Canada: an Encyclopaedia of the Country: The Canadian Dominion Considered in Its Historic Relations, Its Natural Resources, its Material Progress and its National Development, by a Corps of Eminent Writers and Specialists</ref> mafi mahimmanci, dokar Quebec ta ba da yancin kai na musamman na Quebec da haƙƙin gudanar da kai a lokacin da Turawan Mulkin Mallaka goma sha uku ke ƙara tada jijiyar wuya ga mulkin Birtaniya.<ref>An Empire of Regions: A Brief History of Colonial British America</ref> Ta sake kafa harshen Faransanci, bangaskiyar Katolika, da dokokin faransanci a can, tare da hana ci gaban yunkurin 'yancin kai sabanin Turawan Mulki goma sha uku[55]. 6] Bayan nasarar yakin Amurka na samun 'yancin kai, yarjejeniyar Paris ta 1783 ta amince da 'yancin kai na sabuwar Amurka da aka kafa tare da kafa sharuɗɗan zaman lafiya, inda ta keɓe yankunan Biritaniya ta Arewacin Amirka kudu da manyan tabkuna da gabashin kogin Mississippi zuwa sabuwar ƙasa.[56]. Yaƙin samun 'yancin kai na Amurka ya kuma haifar da ƙaura mai yawa na 'yan kishin aminci, waɗanda suka yi yaƙi da 'yancin kai na Amurka. Mutane da yawa sun ƙaura zuwa Kanada, musamman Atlantika Kanada, inda zuwansu ya canza rabe-raben alƙaluma na yankunan da ake da su. [57] Yan Kanada sune babban gaba a yakin 1812 tsakanin Amurka da Ingila. Zaman lafiya ya zo a 1815; Ba a canza iyakoki ba.[60] Shige da fice ya koma matsayi mafi girma, inda sama da 960,000 suka shigo daga Biritaniya tsakanin 1815 zuwa 1850.[61] Sabbin masu zuwa sun haɗa da 'yan gudun hijirar da suka tsere daga Babban Yunwar Irish da kuma 'yan Scots masu jin Gaelic da aka kora daga matsugunin Highland Clearances.[62] Cututtuka masu yaduwa sun kashe tsakanin kashi 25 zuwa 33 na Turawa da suka yi hijira zuwa Kanada kafin 1891.[23]. Sha'awar gwamnati mai alhakin ya haifar da zubar da jini na 1837.[63] Rahoton Durham daga baya ya ba da shawarar gwamnati mai alhakin da kuma haɗa mutanen Kanada na Faransa cikin al'adun Ingilishi.[16] Dokar Tarayyar ta 1840 ta haɗa Kanadas zuwa lardin Kanada mai haɗin kai kuma an kafa gwamnati mai alhakin duk lardunan Biritaniya ta Arewa da ke gabas da Tafkin Superior ta 1855.[64] Rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar Oregon da Biritaniya da Amurka suka yi a shekara ta 1846 ya kawo karshen takaddamar kan iyaka ta Oregon, ta mika kan iyaka zuwa yamma tare da daidaici na 49. Wannan ya ba da hanya ga mulkin mallaka na Birtaniyya a tsibirin Vancouver (1849) da kuma a cikin British Columbia (1858).[65] Yarjejeniyar Anglo-Rasha ta Saint Petersburg (1825) ta kafa iyaka a bakin tekun Pasifik, amma, ko da bayan siyan Alaska na Amurka na 1867, an ci gaba da jayayya game da ainihin ƙayyadaddun iyakar Alaska-Yukon da Alaska-British Columbia.[66] ==Ƙungiya da faɗaɗawa== Koma zuwa taken Taswirar rayayye wanda ke nuna girma da canji na larduna da yankuna na Kanada tun daga Tarayyar Turai a 1867[67] Bayan tarurrukan tsarin mulki guda uku, Dokar Arewacin Amurka ta Biritaniya, 1867 a hukumance ta ba da sanarwar Tarayyar Kanada a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 1867, da farko tare da larduna huɗu: Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia, da New Brunswick.[68] Kanada ta karbi ikon Rupert's Land da yankin Arewa maso Yamma don samar da yankunan Arewa maso Yamma, inda korafe-korafen Métis ya haifar da Tawayen kogin Red River da kuma samar da lardin Manitoba a cikin Yuli 1870.[69]. British Columbia da tsibirin Vancouver (wanda aka haɗe a cikin 1866) sun shiga ƙungiyar a cikin 1871 akan alƙawarin layin dogo mai wucewa zuwa Victoria a cikin lardin a cikin shekaru 10, [70] yayin da tsibirin Prince Edward ya shiga cikin 1873.[71]. A cikin 1898, a lokacin Klondike Gold Rush a cikin Yankunan Arewa maso Yamma, Majalisar ta kirkiro yankin Yukon. Alberta da Saskatchewan sun zama larduna a cikin 1905.[71] Tsakanin 1871 da 1896, kusan kashi ɗaya bisa huɗu na al'ummar Kanada sun yi ƙaura zuwa kudu zuwa Amurka.[72] Don buɗe Yamma da ƙarfafa shige da fice na Turai, Gwamnatin Kanada ta ɗauki nauyin gina layin dogo guda uku masu wucewa (ciki har da layin dogo na Kanada na Pacific), ya zartar da dokar ƙasa ta Dominion don daidaita matsuguni kuma ta kafa 'yan sanda na Arewa maso Yamma don tabbatar da ikon yankin.[73] 3nsd7cmzyavf9xoffmcb5hbn3aed2l4 0 103725 878812 665099 2026-07-08T08:07:41Z Nnamadee 31123 878812 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Aymen Boutoutaou''' (an haife shi ranar 18 ga watan Fabrairu, 2001) a Faransa, matashi ne na kasa da kasa na Aljeriya. == Ayyukan sana'a == Boutoutaou ya fara bugawa sana'a ta farko a wasan 1-0 na Ligue 2 a kan Paris FC a ranar 13 ga Disamba 2019.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Valenciennes vs. Paris FC - 13 December 2019 - Soccerway |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2019/12/13/france/ligue-2/valenciennes-anzin-football-club/paris-football-club-98/3031191/ |website=Soccerway}}</ref> A ranar 10 ga watan Fabrairun 2020, ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar sana'arsa ta farko tare da kulob din, inda ya ɗaure shi har zuwa watan Yunin 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Valenciennes : Aymen Boutoutaou signe professionnel |url=https://www.ligue2.fr/Articles/ACTU/2020/02/11/vafc-signature |website=Ligue2}}</ref> == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == An haifi Boutoutaou a Faransa ga mahaifin Aljeriya da mahaifiyar Maroko.<ref>{{Cite web |last=rabah |first=Farid Kada |title=Aymen Boutoutaou (VAFC): » Ma mère est Marocaine mais je veux jouer pour l’Algérie &#124; DZBallon L'actu du football Algérien |url=http://dzballon.com/2019/11/04/aymen-boutoutaou-vafc-ma-mere-est-algerienne-mais-je-veux-jouer-pour-lalgerie/}}</ref> An kira shi zuwa Aljeriya U23s don wasannin sada zumunci a watan Mayu 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |last=rabah |first=Farid Kada |date=May 25, 2022 |title=But magnifique d'Aymen Boutoutaou avec la sélection Algérienne des U23 |url=https://dzballon.com/2022/05/25/but-magnifique-daymen-boutoutaou-avec-la-selection-algerienne-des-u23/}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} ==Hanyoyin hadi na Waje== * {{Soccerway|aymen-boutoutaou/625527}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Boutoutaou, Aymen}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2001]] k5i6cjeunqpcfgtfp8ftci3jlopbequ 0 104908 878701 878435 2026-07-07T21:35:18Z Nnamadee 31123 878701 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:Encontro_estadual_de_maracatus.jpg|thumb|320x320px|A Pernambuco, al'adun Afro-Brazilian na farko da rhythm sun fito: congada da maracatu . A cikin hoton, Maracatu Nação procession a [[Recife]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Congada - Festa folclórica une tradições africanas e ibéricas |url=https://educacao.uol.com.br/disciplinas/cultura-brasileira/congada-festa-folclorica-une-tradicoes-africanas-e-ibericas.htm |access-date=2017-03-03 |website=UOL}}</ref><ref name=":7">{{Cite web |date=2023-05-29 |title=Maracatu: Um ritmo musical e uma forma de manifestação cultural tradicional de Pernambuco |url=https://sopacultural.com/maracatu-um-ritmo-musical-e-uma-forma-de-manifestacao-cultural-tradicional-de-pernambuco/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Sopa Cultural}}</ref>]] Al'adun Afro-[[Brazil]] shine haɗuwa da bayyanar al'adu a Brazil waɗanda suka sha wahala daga [[Al'adun Afirka]] tun zamanin mulkin mallaka har zuwa yau. Yawancin al'adun Afirka sun isa Brazil ta hanyar cinikin bayi na transatlantic, inda al'adun Turai da na asali suka rinjaye shi, wanda ke nufin cewa halaye na asalin Afirka a cikin al'adun Brazil gabaɗaya sun haɗu da wasu nassoshin al'adu. A halin yanzu, ana iya gano bangarori masu karfi na al'adun Afirka a fannoni da yawa na al'ummar Brazil, kamar su kiɗa, Addini, abinci, al'adun gargajiya da kuma shahararrun bukukuwa. Jihohin Maranhão, Pernambuco, Alagoas, Bahia, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, [[Rio de Janeiro]], [[São Paulo]] da Rio Grande do Sul sune suka fi rinjayar al'adun asalin Afirka saboda yawan bayi da aka karɓa a lokacin cinikin bayi da ƙaurawarsu ta ciki bayan ƙarshen sake zagayowar sukari a Yankin arewa maso gabas. Kodayake al'adun gargajiya sun ragu a zamanin mulkin mallaka kuma a cikin karni na 19, fannoni na al'adun Brazil na asalin Afirka sun sami tsari na sake darajar daga karni na 20 zuwa gaba wanda har yanzu yana nan a yau. == Ci gaban tarihi == [[Fayil:Rugendas_-_Escravos_Benguela,_Angola,_Congo,_Monjolo.jpg|thumb|Bayin Afirka a Brazil daga kasashe da yawa (Rugendas, c. 1830).]] Gabaɗaya, a zamanin mulkin mallaka da kuma a cikin karni na 19, asalin al'adun Turai shine mafi daraja a Brazil, yayin da ake yawan watsi da al'adun al'adun Afirka da Brazil, an hana su har ma an haramta su. Addinai na Afro-Brazilian da fasaha na capoeira sau da yawa hukumomi sun hana su. A gefe guda, wasu bayyanar al'adu, kamar congadas da maracatu, da kuma maganganun kiɗa kamar Lundu, an yarda da su har ma da motsa su.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2012-05-23 |title=Cultura Negra: Nossa gente e nossa história |url=https://vermelho.org.br/2012/05/23/cultura-negra-nossa-gente-e-nossa-historia/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Vermelho}}</ref> Daga tsakiyar karni na 20 zuwa gaba, maganganun al'adun Afro-Brazilian a hankali sun fara karɓar karɓa da sha'awar ƙwararrun Brazil a matsayin ainihin maganganun fasaha na ƙasa. Koyaya, ba duk bayyanar al'adu ba ne aka yarda da su a lokaci guda. Samba na ɗaya daga cikin maganganun farko na al'adun Afro-Brazilian da za a yi sha'awar lokacin da ya ɗauki matsayi mai daraja a cikin shahararren kiɗa a farkon karni na 20.<ref name=":0"/> Daga baya, gwamnatin mulkin kama-karya na Estado Novo na Getúlio Vargas ta aiwatar da manufofi don motsa kishin kasa inda za a iya karɓar al'adun Afro-Brazilian a hukumance. A wannan lokacin ne zanga-zangar Makarantar samba ta sami amincewar gwamnati ta hanyar Janar Union of Samba Schools of Brazil, wanda aka kafa a 1934.<ref name=":0"/><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Fernandes |first=Nelson da Nóbrega |date=2012-11-01 |title=ESCOLAS DE SAMBA, IDENTIDADE NACIONAL E O DIREITO À CIDADE |url=https://www.ub.edu/geocrit/sn/sn-418/sn-418-47.htm |journal=Revista Electrónica de Geografía y Ciencias Sociales |volume=16 |issue=416}}</ref> Haka ya faru da sauran al'adun al'adu. Capoeira, wanda aka dauka a matsayin aikin masu laifi da masu laifi, Mestre Bimba ne ya gabatar da shi a 1953 ga shugaban kasar Vargas, wanda ya kira shi "wasa kawai wasanni na kasa".<ref name=":0"/><ref>{{Cite web |last=Fernandes |first=Fernanda |date=2020-11-23 |title=Quem foi Mestre Bimba, criador da capoeira regional |url=https://www.multirio.rj.gov.br/index.php/reportagens/16849-quem-foi-mestre-bimba,-criador-da-capoeira-regional |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=MultiRio}}</ref> Daga shekarun 1950 zuwa gaba, tsanantawa ga addinan Afro-Brazilian ya ragu kuma wani ɓangare na matsakaicin aji na Rio de Janeiro ya karɓi umbanda. A cikin shekaru goma masu zuwa, addinan Afro-Brazilian sun fara yin bikin ne daga fararen masu ilimi.<ref name=":0"/> A shekara ta 2003, an sanya hannu kan Dokar No. 10.639, wanda ya canza [[Law of Guidelines and Bases of Education|Dokar Jagororin da Tushen Ilimi]] (LDB), wanda ke buƙatar makarantun firamare da sakandare na Brazil su haɗa da koyar da tarihin Afirka da al'adu a cikin tsarin karatun.<ref name=":0"/><ref>{{Cite web |title=LEI No 10.639, DE 9 DE JANEIRO DE 2003 |url=https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/leis/2003/l10.639.htm |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Presidency of the Republic}}</ref> == Nazarin Afirka da Brazil == [[Fayil:Sobradomadalena.jpg|thumb|[[Abolition Museum|Gidan Tarihi na Abolition]] - Cibiyar Bayani ta Al'adun Afirka da Brazil, a Recife.]] An nuna sha'awar al'adun Afro-Brazilian ta hanyar karatu da yawa a fannonin ilimin zamantakewa, ilimin ɗan adam, kabilanci, kiɗa da ilimin harshe, da sauransu, da suka mayar da hankali kan bayyanawa da juyin halitta na tarihin al'adun Afirka-Braziliya.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gomes |first=Nilma Lino |date=2008-09-10 |title=EDUCAÇÃO E DIVERSIDADE CULTURAL: REFLETINDO SOBRE AS DIFERENTES PRESENÇAS NA ESCOLA |url=https://files.ufgd.edu.br/arquivos/arquivos/78/NEAB/Educacao%20e%20Diversidade%20Cultural.pdf |journal=Mulheres Negras - do Umbigo Para O Mundo}}</ref> Yawancin malaman Brazil, kamar lauya Edison Carneiro, mai bincike Nina Rodrigues, marubucin Jorge Amado, mawaki da marubuci daga Minas Gerais Antonio Olinto, marubuci da ɗan jarida João Ubaldo, masanin ilimin ɗan adam da masanin tarihin tarihi [[Raul Lody]], da kuma baƙi kamar masanin ilimin zamantakewa na Faransa Roger Bastide, mai ɗaukar hoto Pierre Verger, masanin binciken kabilanci na Amurka Ruth Landes, da kuma mai zane na Argentina Carybé, waɗanda ba a riga an sadaukar da kansu don tattara bayanai game da al'adun Afirka da su ba, waɗanda ba su yi nazari dalla-Brazilian ba.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Jensen |first=Tina Gudrun |year=2001 |title=Discursos sobre as religiões afro-brasileiras - Da desafricanização para a reafricanização |url=https://www.pucsp.br/rever/rv1_2001/t_jensen.htm |journal=Estudos da Religião |issue=1 |pages=1–21}}</ref> Wasu daga cikinsu sun shiga cikin addinan Afro-Brazilian, kamar yadda yake da João do Rio;<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Serafim |first=Vanda Fortuna |last2=Santos |first2=Thauan Bertão dos |title=JOÃO DO RIO E A HISTÓRIA DAS RELIGIÕES AFRO-BRASILEIRAS |url=https://revistas.unilasalle.edu.br/index.php/Mouseion/article/download/1589/1057 |journal=UnilaSalle |volume=17 |issue=1 |pages=41–60}}</ref> an gayyaci wasu su shiga Candomblé a matsayin cikakken mambobi, suna karɓar matsayi na girmamawa kamar [[Obá de Xangô|Obá na Xangô]] a Ilê Axé Opô Afonjá da [[Ogã]] a Ilê Axé Iyá Nassô Oká da Ilê Axá Omin Iyamassê, suna taimakawa kudi don kula da waɗannan terreiros<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ferreti |first=Sergio |title=Nina Rodrigues e a Religião dos Orixás |url=http://gmbahia.ufba.br/index.php/gmbahia/article/viewFile/307/298 |journal=Gazeta Médica da Bahia |volume=76 |pages=54–59}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Costa |first=José Ricardo da |date=2021 |title=Antonio Olinto: pele branca, alma da África |url=https://ojs.ufgd.edu.br/index.php/Raido/article/view/14545 |journal=Raído |volume=15 |issue=37 |pages=36–50 |doi=10.30612/raido.v15i37.14545 |s2cid=246771676 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Yawancin firistoci a cikin wallafe-wallafen sun ba da kansu don rubuta tarihin addinan Afro-Brazilian tare da taimakon malaman tausayi ko membobin candomblés. Sauran, tun da sun riga sun sami ilimin ilimi, sun zama marubuta tare da matsayinsu na firistoci, kamar masanan ilimin ɗan adam [[Júlio Santana Braga]] da [[Vivaldo da Costa Lima]], iyalorishás Mãe Stella da Giselle Cossard Binon - Omindarewa, farfesa Agenor Miranda, lauya Cléo Martins da farfesa ilimin zamantakewa [[Reginaldo Prandi]], da sauransu.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ramos |first=Cleidiana |date=2015-01-29 |title=Entrevista Júlio Braga: "Sou criança em relação a esse mundo milenar" |url=https://www.geledes.org.br/entrevista-julio-braga-sou-crianca-em-relacao-esse-mundo-milenar/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Portal Geledés}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2010-09-22 |title=Morre antropólogo Vivaldo da Costa Lima |url=https://www.correio24horas.com.br/salvador/morre-antropologo-vivaldo-da-costa-lima-0910 |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Correio do Povo}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-04-25 |title=Mãe Stella de Oxóssi é eleita membro da Academia de Letras da Bahia |url=https://politicalivre.com.br/2013/04/mae-stella-de-oxossi-e-eleita-para-academia-de-letras-da-bahia/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Política Livre |archive-date=2023-08-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230816162459/https://politicalivre.com.br/2013/04/mae-stella-de-oxossi-e-eleita-para-academia-de-letras-da-bahia/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ribeiro |first=Bruno |title=Mãe de Santo à francesa |url=http://www.revistabrasileiros.com.br/edicoes/16/textos/372/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100102034658/http://www.revistabrasileiros.com.br/edicoes/16/textos/372/ |archive-date=2010-01-02 |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Brasileiros}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Lobo |first=Flavio |date=2013-01-09 |title=Entrevista: Reginaldo Prandi estuda religiões afro-brasileiras |url=http://redeglobo.globo.com/globouniversidade/noticia/2013/01/entrevista-reginaldo-prandi-estuda-religioes-afro-brasileiras.html |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=G1}}</ref> == Addini == [[Fayil:Igreja_do_Rosário_dos_Homens_Pretos_(3597939043).jpg|thumb|Cocin Our Lady of the Rosary of the Black Men of Olinda shine coci na farko a Brazil mallakar 'yan uwan baki.<ref>{{Cite journal |title=Inventário dos Lugares de Memória do Tráfico Atlântico de Escravos e da História dos Africanos Escravizados no Brasil |url=http://www.labhoi.uff.br/sites/default/files/4_inventario_igrejas.pdf |journal=UFF}}</ref>]] Gabaɗaya, baƙi da aka kawo daga Afirka a matsayin bayi an yi musu baftisma nan da nan kuma an tilasta musu bin [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]]. Koyaya, juyowa ba ta da ma'ana kuma addinan asalin Afirka sun sami damar kasancewa ta hanyar aikin sirri ko haɗin kai tare da Katolika. Wasu addinan Afro-Brazilian har yanzu suna kula da yawancin al'adun Afirka, kamar su candomblé da [[Xangô do Nordeste|xangô]] na gargajiya a yankin arewa maso gabas; wasu an kafa su ne ta hanyar haɗin addini, kamar su Batuke, Tambor na mina, [[xambá]] da umbanda.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=Ferreti |first=Mundicarmo |year=1997 |title=TAMBOR DE MINA E UMBANDA: O culto aos caboclos no Maranhão |url=http://www.repositorio.ufma.br:8080/jspui/handle/1/205 |journal=GPMINA |issue=39}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Motta |first=Roberto |date=1998 |title=O ÚTIL, O SAGRADO E O MAIS-QUE-SAGRADO NO XANGÔ DE PERNAMBUCO |url=https://www.scielo.br/j/ha/a/C47NX6PK5K7vPr5L7pfGTvR/?format=pdf&lang=pt |journal=Horizontes Antropológicos |volume=4 |issue=8 |pages=168–181 |doi=10.1590/S0104-71831998000100009 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Ko ta yaya, addinan Afro-Brazilian suna nuna tasirin daga Katolika da 'yan asalin encantaria da pajelança. Syncretism kuma yana nuna kansa a cikin al'adar baftisma na yara da aure a cikin Cocin Katolika, koda kuwa membobin suna bin addinin Afro-Brazilian a bayyane.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Rocha |first=Leandro Mendes |last2=Borges |first2=Marcelo Henrique Ribeiro |title=ENCANTARIAS BRASILEIRAS. A EMERGÊNCIA DE RELIGIOSIDADES HÍBRIDAS AFRO-AMERÍNDIAS: O CASO DO MESTRE IRINEU SERRA – DAIME |url=https://revistas.ufg.br/racs/article/download/55385/26457/231399 |journal=Articul. Constr. Saber |volume=3 |issue=1 |pages=280–313}}</ref> A cikin mulkin mallaka na Brazil, baƙi da Mulatto, ko bayi ko 'yanci, galibi suna haɗuwa da kansu a cikin addinin Katolika. Sisterhood of Our Lady of the Good Death da [[Sisterhood of Our Lady of the Rosary of the Black Men|Sisterhood na Our Lady of the Rosary of the Black Men]] sun kasance daga cikin mafi muhimmanci, kuma suna aiki a matsayin hanyar haɗi tsakanin Katolika da addinan Afro-Brazilian.<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal |last=Silva |first=Livia Maria Baêta da |title=A IRMANDADE DE NOSSA SENHORA DA BOA MORTE, UMA PERSPECTIVA MUSEOLÓGICA E DE GÊNERO |url=https://www.cult.ufba.br/enecul2005/LiviaMariaBaetadaSilva.pdf |journal=Enecult |volume=1 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite journal |last=Ott |first=Carlos |title=A IRMANDADE DE NOSSA SENHORA DO ROSARIO DOS PRETOS DO PELOURINHO |url=https://periodicos.ufba.br/index.php/afroasia/article/download/20681/13276 |journal=UFBA |pages=119–126}}</ref> Ayyukan Katolika na gargajiya sun sha wahala daga tasirin Afirka a cikin bautar tsarkaka na asalin Afirka kamar Saint Benedict, Saint Elesbaan, Saint Ephigenia da Saint Anthony na Noto ([[Antônio de Categeró|Saint Anthony na Carthage]] ko Saint Anthony Habasha);<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Oliveira |first=Anderson José Machado de |title=O Culto dos Santos no Brasil Colonial: aspectos teóricos e metodológico |url=https://view.officeapps.live.com/op/view.aspx?src=http%3A%2F%2Fsnh2013.anpuh.org%2Fresources%2Frj%2FAnais%2F1998%2Fautor%2FAnderson%2520Jose%2520Machado%2520de%2520Oliveira%2520.doc&wdOrigin=BROWSELINK |journal=ANPUH}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Zarattini |first=Fábio |title=Santos negros carmelitas e franciscanos: estudo das imagens de Minas Gerais e Pernambuco |url=https://revistas.pucsp.br/index.php/rever/article/download/55916/40052/181812 |journal=REVER |volume=22 |issue=1 |pages=59–76 |doi=10.23925/1677-1222.2021vol22i1a5 |s2cid=250299039 |doi-access=free}}</ref> a cikin ba'a mai kyau na tsarkaka da ke da alaƙa da orishas na Afirka kamar Saints Coszena da Damian (ibeji), Saint George (Ogun a Rio de Janeiro), Saint Barbara (Yansbaan), [4] a cikin kirkirar sabbin tsarkaka masu suna da Mashahuriyar addinin Ass Ass Ass Assanya na Masallaci; <ref>{{Cite web |last=de Luta |first=Mulheres |date=2021-05-28 |title=Anastácia, a santa popular brasileira |url=https://www.mulheresdeluta.com.br/anastacia-a-santa-popular-brasileira/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Mulheres de luta |archive-date=2023-11-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231129123352/http://www.mulheresdeluta.com.br/anastacia-a-santa-popular-brasileira/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> da Masallaci, da Masallacin Masallacin Yesu (S) da Masallatai na Masallacin Musulunci; [4] na Masallatai (S) <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 July 2021 |title=Mulheres de terreiros, as memórias ancestrais e a resistência pelo sagrado |url=https://www.awure.com.br/mulheres-de-terreiros-as-memorias-ancestrais-e-a-resistencia-pelo-sagrado/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Awure}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-06-01 |title=Acompanhe a trezena de Santo Antônio e alcance suas graças em 13 dias |url=https://www.terra.com.br/vida-e-estilo/horoscopo/acompanhe-a-trezena-de-santo-antonio-e-alcance-suas-gracas-em-13-dias,15af3ce383b509f609253c063bd45ce56sdwkez7.html |access-date=2013-08-16 |website=Terra}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Dourado |first=Tatiana Maria |date=2013-06-07 |title=Festa do Senhor do Bonfim ganha título de Patrimônio Imaterial do Brasil |url=https://g1.globo.com/bahia/noticia/2013/06/festa-do-senhor-do-bonfim-ganha-titulo-de-patrimonio-imaterial-do-brasil.html |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=G1}}</ref> Duk da yake Katolika ta musanta wanzuwar orishas, majami'u na Pentecostal sun yi imani da wanzuwarsu, amma a matsayin aljanu.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Monteiro |first=Flavio Pantoja |title=Presença Demoníaca: A influência da figura demoníaca na fé pentecostal e neopentecostal |url=https://seer.ufu.br/index.php/cdhis/article/download/59699/32064/265664 |journal=CDHIS |volume=34 |issue=1 |pages=231–255 |doi=10.14393/cdhis.v34n1.2021.59699 |s2cid=241893007 |doi-access=free}}</ref> A cewar IBGE, 0.3% na 'yan Brazil sun ce suna bin addinan asalin Afirka, kodayake yawancin mutane suna bin waɗannan addinan a asirce.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rodrigues |first=Jéssica |date=2022-03-17 |title=Entidades lançam pesquisa inédita para mapear racismo e violência religiosos no Brasil |url=https://www.brasildefato.com.br/2022/03/17/entidades-lancam-pesquisa-inedita-para-mapear-racismo-e-violencia-religiosos-no-brasil |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Brasil de Fato}}</ref> Da farko an yi watsi da su, addinan Afro-Brazilian sun kasance ko kuma suna yin su a bayyane ta hanyar wasu mahimman masu ilimi da masu fasaha kamar su Jorge Amado, Dorival Caymmi, Vinícius na Moraes, Caetano Veloso, Gilberto Gil, Maria Bethânia (wanda ya halarci Mãe Menininha's ''Terreiro''), Gal Costa (wanda aka fara zuwa Orisha Babalú-Ayé), Mestre Didi (ɗan Frealorishá Senho), [[Antonio Risério]], Caribé (mai zane-zane), <ref>{{Cite web |last=Guimarães |first=Julia |date=2007-02-28 |title=A ialorixá do Brasil |url=https://www.otempo.com.br/entretenimento/magazine/a-ialorixa-do-brasil-1.315900 |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=O Tempo}}</ref> da Fernando Co).<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Franco |first=Tasso |date=2013-10-06 |title=Filho de Mãe Senhora, mestre DIDI morre aos 95 anos de idade |url=https://www.bahiaja.com.br/cultura/noticia/2013/10/06/filho-de-mae-senhora-mestre-didi-morre-aos-95-anos-de-idade,65019,0.html |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=BahiaJá}}</ref> [[Fayil:Candomble_Pernambuco.jpg|thumb|An zubar da Candomblé a Pernambuco.]] === Addinai na Afirka da Brazil === * [[Babaçuê]] - Pará; <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Campelo |first=Marilu Márcia |last2=Luca |first2=Taissa Tavernard de |title=As duas africanidades estabelecidas no Pará |url=https://www.unicamp.br/~aulas/Conjunto%20II/4_13.pdf |journal=Revista Aulas |volume=4}}</ref> * Batuque - Rio Grande do Sul; <ref>{{Cite web |last=Charles |first=Hungbono |date=2016-10-26 |title=O Batuque do Rio Grande do Sul – Uma religião de Orixás |url=https://ocandomble.com/2016/10/26/o-batuque-do-rio-grande-do-sul-uma-religiao-de-orixas/}}</ref> * [[Cabula]] - Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro da Santa Catarina; <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nogueira |first=Guilherme Dantas |last2=Nogueira |first2=Nilo Sérgio |title=EU CANGIRA, DEIXA A GIRA GIRAR: A CABULA CAPIXABA E SEUS VESTÍGIOS EM MINAS GERAIS |url=https://periodicos.unb.br/index.php/revistacalundu/article/download/7634/6303/13250 |journal=Revista Calundu |volume=1 |issue=2 |pages=71–90}}</ref> * Candomblé - A duk jihohin Brazil; * [[Egungun cult|Addinin Egungun]] - Bahia, Rio de Janeiro da São Paulo; <ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-07-25 |title=O Culto dos Ancestrais – Egungun |url=https://ocandomble.com/2017/07/25/o-culto-dos-ancestrais-egungun/ |access-date=2023-08-16}}</ref> * [[Ifá]] Cult - Bahia, Rio de Janeiro da São Paulo; <ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-02-18 |title=Religiões Afro-Brasileiras |url=http://deusesehomens.com.br/religioes/afro-brasileiras/item/205-religioes-afro-brasileiras |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Deuses & Homens}}</ref> * Macumba - Rio de Janeiro; <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Britto |first=Rossana |last2=Tardock |first2=Luciano Campos |title=Noite na macumba: as religiões afro-brasileiras e o bailado de Eros Volusia |url=https://revistaplura.emnuvens.com.br/plura/article/download/1037/pdf_114/4264 |journal=Revista de Estudos de Religião |volume=6 |issue=2 |pages=307–319}}</ref> * [[Omoloko]] - Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais da São Paulo; <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Silva |first=Walerson Fernandes da |title=O CULTO OMOLOKÔ E SUA RELAÇÃO COM A UMBANDA E O CANDOMBLÉ |url=https://www.ufjf.br/bach/files/2016/10/WALERSON-FERNANDES-DA-SILVA.pdf |journal=UFJF}}</ref> * Kimbanda - Rio de Janeiro da São Paulo; <ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-12-11 |title=Religiões afro-brasileiras derivam de crenças de mais de 4 séculos |url=http://www.morcegada.unir.br/?p=708 |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Morcegada |archive-date=2023-08-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230816162500/http://www.morcegada.unir.br/?p=708 |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Tambor na Mina - Maranhão da Pará; <ref name=":1"/> * [[Terecô]] - Maranhão; <ref>{{Cite web |last=Carvalho |first=Cleide |date=6 April 2013 |title=Codó, no Maranhão, é a terra dos pais de santo |url=https://oglobo.globo.com/politica/codo-no-maranhao-a-terra-dos-pais-de-santo-8043533 |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=G1}}</ref> * Umbanda - A duk jihohin Brazil; <ref name=":1" /> * Xambá - Alagoas da Pernambuco; <ref>{{Cite web |last=Iglesia |first=Marcus |date=2018-12-03 |title=Território da ancestralidade africana, Nação Xambá é patrimônio vivo de Pernambuco |url=https://www.cultura.pe.gov.br/canal/patrimonio-cultural-3/territorio-da-ancestralidade-africana-nacao-xamba-e-patrimonio-vivo-de-pernambuco/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Portal Cultura }}{{Dead link|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> * Xangô na Arewa maso gabas - Paraíba, Pernambuco, Alagoas da Sergipe; <ref name=":2"/> * Ƙungiyoyin; * Sisterhood of Our Lady of the Good Death; <ref name=":3"/> * Sisterhood of Our Lady of the Rosary of the Black Men; <ref name=":4"/> * Syncretism; <ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-04-18 |title=Qual a ligação entre os santos católicos e os orixás? |url=https://super.abril.com.br/mundo-estranho/qual-a-ligacao-entre-os-santos-catolicos-e-os-orixas |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Super Interessante}}</ref> == Fasaha == [[Fayil:Neide_da_Costa.jpeg|thumb|Mai yin gyare-gyare na Ilê Axé Opô Afonjá candomblé ''Terreiro'' a Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.]] Alaká na Afirka, wanda aka sani a Brazil da pano-da-costa, masu saƙa ne na Ilê Axé Opô Afonjá candomblé ''Terreiro'' a Salvador, a cikin sararin da ake kira Casa do Alaká . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Casa do Alaká |url=http://casadoalaka.com/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071008082253/http://casadoalaka.com/ |archive-date=2007-10-08 |access-date=2008-09-01}}</ref> Mestre Didi, [[Alapini]] (babban firist) na addinin Egungun da [[Açobá|Azobá]] (babban Firist) na Addinin Babalú-Ayé da Orishas na duniya, shi ma masassaƙi ne kuma aikinsa gaba ɗaya yana mai da hankali kan tatsuniyoyin [[Yarbawa|Yoruba]] da fasaha.<ref name=":5"/> A cikin zane, masu zane-zane da masu zanen kaya da yawa sun sadaukar da kansu don nuna kyawawan candomblé, umbanda da batuque a kan zane-zanen su. Ɗaya daga cikinsu shine mai zane-zane da mai zane-zanen Argentina Carybé, wanda ya sadaukar da yawancin rayuwarsa a Brazil yana zane-zane kuma yana fentin Orishas da bukukuwa har zuwa cikakkun bayanai. Ana iya ganin siffofinsa a Gidan Tarihin Afro-Brazilian kuma an buga wani ɓangare na aikinsa a cikin littattafai.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Silva |first=Vagner Gonçalves da |date=2012 |title=Artes do axé. O sagrado afro-brasileiro na obra de Carybé |journal=Ponto Urbe |volume=10 |issue=10 |doi=10.4000/pontourbe.1267 |doi-access=free}}</ref> A cikin daukar hoto, Faransanci Pierre Fatumbi Verger, wanda ya ziyarci Bahia a 1946 kuma ya kasance har zuwa ranar ƙarshe ta rayuwarsa, ya nuna mutanen Brazil da duk nuances na candomblé a baki da fari. Baya ga daukar hoto, ya zama wani ɓangare na addini, a Brazil da [[Afirka]], inda aka fara shi a matsayin Babalawo, da kuma fara [[Pierre Verger Foundation|Gidauniyar Pierre Verger]] a Salvador, inda duk tarin hotunansa yake.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Souty |first=Jérôme |title=IMAGEM, ORALIDADE E ESCRITA: UMA ANÁLISE DA TRAJETÓRIA DE PIERRE FATUMBI VERGER |url=https://www.scielo.br/j/afro/a/z7cQp4dB7LXDH4jXmf5L5Yz/?lang=pt&format=pdf |journal=Afro-Ásia |volume=45 |pages=185–194}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Pierre Verger pela cidade |url=https://www.salvadordabahia.com/roteiros/pierre-verger-pela-cidade/ |access-date=2023-08-16}}</ref> == Abincin == <nowiki><i id="mwAco">feijoada</i></nowiki> na Brazil, wanda ake la'akari da abincin ƙasa na Brazil, ana yawan ambaton shi azaman halittar bayi, tunda ana iya kirkirar shi a cikin ''[[Senzala|senzalas]]''. A zamanin yau, duk da haka, ana ɗaukar ''feijoada'' na Brazil a matsayin daidaitawa na wurare masu zafi na ''feijoada'' ta Portuguese wanda ba a saba ba da shi ga bayi ba. Duk da haka, abincin yankin Brazil ya sami rinjaye sosai daga abincin Afirka, gauraye da abubuwan abinci na Turai da na asali.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-05-09 |title=Origem da Feijoada e sua História: Você tem certeza que ela nasceu nas senzalas? |url=https://fundacaocargill.org.br/historia-da-feijoada/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Fundação Cargill}}</ref> Abinci na Bahia shine wanda ya fi nuna tasirin Afirka a cikin abincin da ya dace kamar ''[[Ƙosai|Acarajé]]'', ''caruru'', ''vatapá'' da ''moqueca''. Ana shirya waɗannan jita-jita da [[Manja|Man dabino]], wanda aka cire daga itacen dabino na Afirka da aka kawo Brazil a zamanin mulkin mallaka. A Bahia, akwai hanyoyi biyu don shirya waɗannan girke-girke. A hanya mai sauƙi, abincin ba ya ƙunshe da kayan yaji da yawa kuma ana yin su a cikin candomblé terreiros don a miƙa wa orishas. A wata hanya, ana amfani da shi a waje da terreiros, ana shirya abinci tare da kayan yaji da yawa kuma sun fi ɗanɗano, ana sayar da su ta baianas do acarajé kuma ana ɗanɗana su a gidajen cin abinci da gidaje.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=França |first=Érico da Silva |title=A FORMAÇÃO DA "CULINÁRIA BAIANA": SOB UMA ÓTICA "AFRICANA" |url=http://snh2013.anpuh.org/resources/anais/35/1397424147_ARQUIVO_AFORMACAODACULINARIABAIANA.pdf |journal=ANPUH |volume=10}}</ref> == Waƙoƙi == {{Main|Afro-Brazilian music}} Waƙoƙin da Afro-Brazilians suka kirkira haɗuwa ne da tasirin daga ko'ina cikin Afirka ta kudu da Sahara tare da abubuwa na Portuguese kuma, zuwa ƙarami, kiɗa na asali, wanda ya samar da nau'o'i daban-daban. Kyakkyawan kiɗa na Brazil yana da tasiri sosai daga rhythms na Afirka; shahararrun nau'ikan sune samba, [[marabaixo]], maracatu, [[Ijexá (rhytm)|ijexá]], [[Coco (dance)|koko]], jongo, carimbó, lambada, maxixe, Maculelê.<ref name=":7">{{Cite web |date=2023-05-29 |title=Maracatu: Um ritmo musical e uma forma de manifestação cultural tradicional de Pernambuco |url=https://sopacultural.com/maracatu-um-ritmo-musical-e-uma-forma-de-manifestacao-cultural-tradicional-de-pernambuco/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Sopa Cultural}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://sopacultural.com/maracatu-um-ritmo-musical-e-uma-forma-de-manifestacao-cultural-tradicional-de-pernambuco/ "Maracatu: Um ritmo musical e uma forma de manifestação cultural tradicional de Pernambuco"]. ''Sopa Cultural''. 2023-05-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-08-16</span></span>.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-01-27 |title=Jongo, expressão da cultura afro-brasileira |url=https://www.multirio.rj.gov.br/index.php/reportagens/8637-jongo-expressao-da-cultura-afro-brasileira |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=MultiRio}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-12-04 |title=Maxixe – Conheça a origem e história do Tango Brasileiro! |url=https://terravistabrasil.com.br/maxixe/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Terravista Brasil |archive-date=2023-08-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230816162508/https://terravistabrasil.com.br/maxixe/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-01-14 |title=Carimbó: ritmo de herança afro-indígena é tradição no Pará |url=https://noticias.uol.com.br/ultimas-noticias/rfi/2022/01/14/carimbo-ritmo-de-heranca-afro-indigena-e-tradicao-no-para.htm |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=UOL}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-04-17 |title=O que é o Maculele |url=https://www.capoeiranossanacao.com.br/o-que-e-o-maculele/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Capoeira Nossa Nação}}</ref> Kamar yadda ya faru a duk yankunan Amurka inda bayi na Afirka suka kasance, an yi watsi da kiɗan da 'yan Afirka suka yi da farko kuma an ware shi, har sai ya sami sananne a farkon karni na 20 kuma ya zama mafi mashahuri a yau.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kuehn |first=Frank |date=January 2002 |title=ESTUDO ACERCA DOS ELEMENTOS AFRO-BRASILEIROS DO CANDOMBLÉ NAS LETRAS E MÚSICAS DE VINÍCIUS DE MORAES E BADEN POWELL: os "Afro-Sambas". |url=https://www.academia.edu/685708 |journal=Terceiro Colóquio de Pesquisa da Pós-Graduação em Música, Escola de Música |pages=94–103}}</ref> === Kayan kida na Afirka da Brazil === * Rashin jin daɗi; <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |title=Instrumentos Musicais Africanos |url=https://brasilescola.uol.com.br/geografia/instrumentos-musicais-africanos.htm |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Brasil Escola}}</ref> * Agogô; <ref name=":6" /> * Alfaia; <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alfaia |url=http://www.percussionista.com.br/instrumentos/alfaia.htm |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Percussionista}}</ref> * Ya kai Harin; <ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-03-15 |title=A História do Atabaque |url=http://casademiguelarcanjo.com.br/orixas/a-historia-do-atabaque/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Casa de Miguel }}{{Dead link|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> * Berimbau; <ref name=":6" /> * [[Ganga|Drum]]; <ref name=":6" /> == Dubi kuma == * Al'adun Afirka a Rio Grande do Sul * Quilombo * Tarihin Afirka da Brazil == Bayanan da aka ambata == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 594dmpmzy66qukd6xdysdrgidiwkock 878702 878701 2026-07-07T21:36:26Z Nnamadee 31123 878702 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:Encontro_estadual_de_maracatus.jpg|thumb|320x320px|A Pernambuco, al'adun Afro-Brazilian na farko da rhythm sun fito: congada da maracatu . A cikin hoton, Maracatu Nação procession a [[Recife]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Congada - Festa folclórica une tradições africanas e ibéricas |url=https://educacao.uol.com.br/disciplinas/cultura-brasileira/congada-festa-folclorica-une-tradicoes-africanas-e-ibericas.htm |access-date=2017-03-03 |website=UOL}}</ref><ref name=":7">{{Cite web |date=2023-05-29 |title=Maracatu: Um ritmo musical e uma forma de manifestação cultural tradicional de Pernambuco |url=https://sopacultural.com/maracatu-um-ritmo-musical-e-uma-forma-de-manifestacao-cultural-tradicional-de-pernambuco/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Sopa Cultural}}</ref>]] Al'adun Afro-[[Brazil]] shine haɗuwa da bayyanar al'adu a Brazil waɗanda suka sha wahala daga [[Al'adun Afirka]] tun zamanin mulkin mallaka har zuwa yau. Yawancin al'adun Afirka sun isa Brazil ta hanyar cinikin bayi na transatlantic, inda al'adun Turai da na asali suka rinjaye shi, wanda ke nufin cewa halaye na asalin Afirka a cikin al'adun Brazil gabaɗaya sun haɗu da wasu nassoshin al'adu. A halin yanzu, ana iya gano bangarori masu karfi na al'adun Afirka a fannoni da yawa na al'ummar Brazil, kamar su kiɗa, Addini, abinci, al'adun gargajiya da kuma shahararrun bukukuwa. Jihohin Maranhão, Pernambuco, Alagoas, Bahia, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, [[Rio de Janeiro]], [[São Paulo]] da Rio Grande do Sul sune suka fi rinjayar al'adun asalin Afirka saboda yawan bayi da aka karɓa a lokacin cinikin bayi da ƙaurawarsu ta ciki bayan ƙarshen sake zagayowar sukari a Yankin arewa maso gabas. Kodayake al'adun gargajiya sun ragu a zamanin mulkin mallaka kuma a cikin karni na 19, fannoni na al'adun Brazil na asalin Afirka sun sami tsari na sake darajar daga karni na 20 zuwa gaba wanda har yanzu yana nan a yau. == Ci gaban tarihi == [[Fayil:Rugendas_-_Escravos_Benguela,_Angola,_Congo,_Monjolo.jpg|thumb|Bayin Afirka a Brazil daga kasashe da yawa (Rugendas, c. 1830).]] Gabaɗaya, a zamanin mulkin mallaka da kuma a cikin karni na 19, asalin al'adun Turai shine mafi daraja a Brazil, yayin da ake yawan watsi da al'adun al'adun Afirka da Brazil, an hana su har ma an haramta su. Addinai na Afro-Brazilian da fasaha na capoeira sau da yawa hukumomi sun hana su. A gefe guda, wasu bayyanar al'adu, kamar congadas da maracatu, da kuma maganganun kiɗa kamar Lundu, an yarda da su har ma da motsa su.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2012-05-23 |title=Cultura Negra: Nossa gente e nossa história |url=https://vermelho.org.br/2012/05/23/cultura-negra-nossa-gente-e-nossa-historia/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Vermelho}}</ref> Daga tsakiyar karni na 20 zuwa gaba, maganganun al'adun Afro-Brazilian a hankali sun fara karɓar karɓa da sha'awar ƙwararrun Brazil a matsayin ainihin maganganun fasaha na ƙasa. Koyaya, ba duk bayyanar al'adu ba ne aka yarda da su a lokaci guda. Samba na ɗaya daga cikin maganganun farko na al'adun Afro-Brazilian da za a yi sha'awar lokacin da ya ɗauki matsayi mai daraja a cikin shahararren kiɗa a farkon karni na 20.<ref name=":0"/> Daga baya, gwamnatin mulkin kama-karya na Estado Novo na Getúlio Vargas ta aiwatar da manufofi don motsa kishin kasa inda za a iya karɓar al'adun Afro-Brazilian a hukumance. A wannan lokacin ne zanga-zangar Makarantar samba ta sami amincewar gwamnati ta hanyar Janar Union of Samba Schools of Brazil, wanda aka kafa a 1934.<ref name=":0"/><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Fernandes |first=Nelson da Nóbrega |date=2012-11-01 |title=ESCOLAS DE SAMBA, IDENTIDADE NACIONAL E O DIREITO À CIDADE |url=https://www.ub.edu/geocrit/sn/sn-418/sn-418-47.htm |journal=Revista Electrónica de Geografía y Ciencias Sociales |volume=16 |issue=416}}</ref> Haka ya faru da sauran al'adun al'adu. Capoeira, wanda aka dauka a matsayin aikin masu laifi da masu laifi, Mestre Bimba ne ya gabatar da shi a 1953 ga shugaban kasar Vargas, wanda ya kira shi "wasa kawai wasanni na kasa".<ref name=":0"/><ref>{{Cite web |last=Fernandes |first=Fernanda |date=2020-11-23 |title=Quem foi Mestre Bimba, criador da capoeira regional |url=https://www.multirio.rj.gov.br/index.php/reportagens/16849-quem-foi-mestre-bimba,-criador-da-capoeira-regional |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=MultiRio}}</ref> Daga shekarun 1950 zuwa gaba, tsanantawa ga addinan Afro-Brazilian ya ragu kuma wani ɓangare na matsakaicin aji na Rio de Janeiro ya karɓi umbanda. A cikin shekaru goma masu zuwa, addinan Afro-Brazilian sun fara yin bikin ne daga fararen masu ilimi.<ref name=":0"/> A shekara ta 2003, an sanya hannu kan Dokar No. 10.639, wanda ya canza [[Law of Guidelines and Bases of Education|Dokar Jagororin da Tushen Ilimi]] (LDB), wanda ke buƙatar makarantun firamare da sakandare na Brazil su haɗa da koyar da tarihin Afirka da al'adu a cikin tsarin karatun.<ref name=":0"/><ref>{{Cite web |title=LEI No 10.639, DE 9 DE JANEIRO DE 2003 |url=https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/leis/2003/l10.639.htm |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Presidency of the Republic}}</ref> == Nazarin Afirka da Brazil == [[Fayil:Sobradomadalena.jpg|thumb|[[Abolition Museum|Gidan Tarihi na Abolition]] - Cibiyar Bayani ta Al'adun Afirka da Brazil, a Recife.]] An nuna sha'awar al'adun Afro-Brazilian ta hanyar karatu da yawa a fannonin ilimin zamantakewa, ilimin ɗan adam, kabilanci, kiɗa da ilimin harshe, da sauransu, da suka mayar da hankali kan bayyanawa da juyin halitta na tarihin al'adun Afirka-Braziliya.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gomes |first=Nilma Lino |date=2008-09-10 |title=EDUCAÇÃO E DIVERSIDADE CULTURAL: REFLETINDO SOBRE AS DIFERENTES PRESENÇAS NA ESCOLA |url=https://files.ufgd.edu.br/arquivos/arquivos/78/NEAB/Educacao%20e%20Diversidade%20Cultural.pdf |journal=Mulheres Negras - do Umbigo Para O Mundo}}</ref> Yawancin malaman Brazil, kamar lauya Edison Carneiro, mai bincike Nina Rodrigues, marubucin Jorge Amado, mawaki da marubuci daga Minas Gerais Antonio Olinto, marubuci da ɗan jarida João Ubaldo, masanin ilimin ɗan adam da masanin tarihin tarihi [[Raul Lody]], da kuma baƙi kamar masanin ilimin zamantakewa na Faransa Roger Bastide, mai ɗaukar hoto Pierre Verger, masanin binciken kabilanci na Amurka Ruth Landes, da kuma mai zane na Argentina Carybé, waɗanda ba a riga an sadaukar da kansu don tattara bayanai game da al'adun Afirka da su ba, waɗanda ba su yi nazari dalla-Brazilian ba.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Jensen |first=Tina Gudrun |year=2001 |title=Discursos sobre as religiões afro-brasileiras - Da desafricanização para a reafricanização |url=https://www.pucsp.br/rever/rv1_2001/t_jensen.htm |journal=Estudos da Religião |issue=1 |pages=1–21}}</ref> Wasu daga cikinsu sun shiga cikin addinan Afro-Brazilian, kamar yadda yake da João do Rio;<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Serafim |first=Vanda Fortuna |last2=Santos |first2=Thauan Bertão dos |title=JOÃO DO RIO E A HISTÓRIA DAS RELIGIÕES AFRO-BRASILEIRAS |url=https://revistas.unilasalle.edu.br/index.php/Mouseion/article/download/1589/1057 |journal=UnilaSalle |volume=17 |issue=1 |pages=41–60}}</ref> an gayyaci wasu su shiga Candomblé a matsayin cikakken mambobi, suna karɓar matsayi na girmamawa kamar [[Obá de Xangô|Obá na Xangô]] a Ilê Axé Opô Afonjá da [[Ogã]] a Ilê Axé Iyá Nassô Oká da Ilê Axá Omin Iyamassê, suna taimakawa kudi don kula da waɗannan terreiros<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ferreti |first=Sergio |title=Nina Rodrigues e a Religião dos Orixás |url=http://gmbahia.ufba.br/index.php/gmbahia/article/viewFile/307/298 |journal=Gazeta Médica da Bahia |volume=76 |pages=54–59}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Costa |first=José Ricardo da |date=2021 |title=Antonio Olinto: pele branca, alma da África |url=https://ojs.ufgd.edu.br/index.php/Raido/article/view/14545 |journal=Raído |volume=15 |issue=37 |pages=36–50 |doi=10.30612/raido.v15i37.14545 |s2cid=246771676 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Yawancin firistoci a cikin wallafe-wallafen sun ba da kansu don rubuta tarihin addinan Afro-Brazilian tare da taimakon malaman tausayi ko membobin candomblés. Sauran, tun da sun riga sun sami ilimin ilimi, sun zama marubuta tare da matsayinsu na firistoci, kamar masanan ilimin ɗan adam [[Júlio Santana Braga]] da [[Vivaldo da Costa Lima]], iyalorishás Mãe Stella da Giselle Cossard Binon - Omindarewa, farfesa Agenor Miranda, lauya Cléo Martins da farfesa ilimin zamantakewa [[Reginaldo Prandi]], da sauransu.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ramos |first=Cleidiana |date=2015-01-29 |title=Entrevista Júlio Braga: "Sou criança em relação a esse mundo milenar" |url=https://www.geledes.org.br/entrevista-julio-braga-sou-crianca-em-relacao-esse-mundo-milenar/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Portal Geledés}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2010-09-22 |title=Morre antropólogo Vivaldo da Costa Lima |url=https://www.correio24horas.com.br/salvador/morre-antropologo-vivaldo-da-costa-lima-0910 |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Correio do Povo}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-04-25 |title=Mãe Stella de Oxóssi é eleita membro da Academia de Letras da Bahia |url=https://politicalivre.com.br/2013/04/mae-stella-de-oxossi-e-eleita-para-academia-de-letras-da-bahia/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Política Livre |archive-date=2023-08-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230816162459/https://politicalivre.com.br/2013/04/mae-stella-de-oxossi-e-eleita-para-academia-de-letras-da-bahia/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ribeiro |first=Bruno |title=Mãe de Santo à francesa |url=http://www.revistabrasileiros.com.br/edicoes/16/textos/372/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100102034658/http://www.revistabrasileiros.com.br/edicoes/16/textos/372/ |archive-date=2010-01-02 |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Brasileiros}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Lobo |first=Flavio |date=2013-01-09 |title=Entrevista: Reginaldo Prandi estuda religiões afro-brasileiras |url=http://redeglobo.globo.com/globouniversidade/noticia/2013/01/entrevista-reginaldo-prandi-estuda-religioes-afro-brasileiras.html |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=G1}}</ref> == Addini == [[Fayil:Igreja_do_Rosário_dos_Homens_Pretos_(3597939043).jpg|thumb|Cocin Our Lady of the Rosary of the Black Men of Olinda shine coci na farko a Brazil mallakar 'yan uwan baki.<ref>{{Cite journal |title=Inventário dos Lugares de Memória do Tráfico Atlântico de Escravos e da História dos Africanos Escravizados no Brasil |url=http://www.labhoi.uff.br/sites/default/files/4_inventario_igrejas.pdf |journal=UFF}}</ref>]] Gabaɗaya, baƙi da aka kawo daga Afirka a matsayin bayi an yi musu baftisma nan da nan kuma an tilasta musu bin [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]]. Koyaya, juyowa ba ta da ma'ana kuma addinan asalin Afirka sun sami damar kasancewa ta hanyar aikin sirri ko haɗin kai tare da Katolika. Wasu addinan Afro-Brazilian har yanzu suna kula da yawancin al'adun Afirka, kamar su candomblé da [[Xangô do Nordeste|xangô]] na gargajiya a yankin arewa maso gabas; wasu an kafa su ne ta hanyar haɗin addini, kamar su Batuke, Tambor na mina, [[xambá]] da umbanda.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=Ferreti |first=Mundicarmo |year=1997 |title=TAMBOR DE MINA E UMBANDA: O culto aos caboclos no Maranhão |url=http://www.repositorio.ufma.br:8080/jspui/handle/1/205 |journal=GPMINA |issue=39}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Motta |first=Roberto |date=1998 |title=O ÚTIL, O SAGRADO E O MAIS-QUE-SAGRADO NO XANGÔ DE PERNAMBUCO |url=https://www.scielo.br/j/ha/a/C47NX6PK5K7vPr5L7pfGTvR/?format=pdf&lang=pt |journal=Horizontes Antropológicos |volume=4 |issue=8 |pages=168–181 |doi=10.1590/S0104-71831998000100009 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Ko ta yaya, addinan Afro-Brazilian suna nuna tasirin daga Katolika da 'yan asalin encantaria da pajelança. Syncretism kuma yana nuna kansa a cikin al'adar baftisma na yara da aure a cikin Cocin Katolika, koda kuwa membobin suna bin addinin Afro-Brazilian a bayyane.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Rocha |first=Leandro Mendes |last2=Borges |first2=Marcelo Henrique Ribeiro |title=ENCANTARIAS BRASILEIRAS. A EMERGÊNCIA DE RELIGIOSIDADES HÍBRIDAS AFRO-AMERÍNDIAS: O CASO DO MESTRE IRINEU SERRA – DAIME |url=https://revistas.ufg.br/racs/article/download/55385/26457/231399 |journal=Articul. Constr. Saber |volume=3 |issue=1 |pages=280–313}}</ref> A cikin mulkin mallaka na Brazil, baƙi da Mulatto, ko bayi ko 'yanci, galibi suna haɗuwa da kansu a cikin addinin Katolika. Sisterhood of Our Lady of the Good Death da [[Sisterhood of Our Lady of the Rosary of the Black Men|Sisterhood na Our Lady of the Rosary of the Black Men]] sun kasance daga cikin mafi muhimmanci, kuma suna aiki a matsayin hanyar haɗi tsakanin Katolika da addinan Afro-Brazilian.<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal |last=Silva |first=Livia Maria Baêta da |title=A IRMANDADE DE NOSSA SENHORA DA BOA MORTE, UMA PERSPECTIVA MUSEOLÓGICA E DE GÊNERO |url=https://www.cult.ufba.br/enecul2005/LiviaMariaBaetadaSilva.pdf |journal=Enecult |volume=1 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite journal |last=Ott |first=Carlos |title=A IRMANDADE DE NOSSA SENHORA DO ROSARIO DOS PRETOS DO PELOURINHO |url=https://periodicos.ufba.br/index.php/afroasia/article/download/20681/13276 |journal=UFBA |pages=119–126}}</ref> Ayyukan Katolika na gargajiya sun sha wahala daga tasirin Afirka a cikin bautar tsarkaka na asalin Afirka kamar Saint Benedict, Saint Elesbaan, Saint Ephigenia da Saint Anthony na Noto ([[Antônio de Categeró|Saint Anthony na Carthage]] ko Saint Anthony Habasha);<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Oliveira |first=Anderson José Machado de |title=O Culto dos Santos no Brasil Colonial: aspectos teóricos e metodológico |url=https://view.officeapps.live.com/op/view.aspx?src=http%3A%2F%2Fsnh2013.anpuh.org%2Fresources%2Frj%2FAnais%2F1998%2Fautor%2FAnderson%2520Jose%2520Machado%2520de%2520Oliveira%2520.doc&wdOrigin=BROWSELINK |journal=ANPUH}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Zarattini |first=Fábio |title=Santos negros carmelitas e franciscanos: estudo das imagens de Minas Gerais e Pernambuco |url=https://revistas.pucsp.br/index.php/rever/article/download/55916/40052/181812 |journal=REVER |volume=22 |issue=1 |pages=59–76 |doi=10.23925/1677-1222.2021vol22i1a5 |s2cid=250299039 |doi-access=free}}</ref> a cikin ba'a mai kyau na tsarkaka da ke da alaƙa da orishas na Afirka kamar Saints Coszena da Damian (ibeji), Saint George (Ogun a Rio de Janeiro), Saint Barbara (Yansbaan), [4] a cikin kirkirar sabbin tsarkaka masu suna da Mashahuriyar addinin Ass Ass Ass Assanya na Masallaci; <ref>{{Cite web |last=de Luta |first=Mulheres |date=2021-05-28 |title=Anastácia, a santa popular brasileira |url=https://www.mulheresdeluta.com.br/anastacia-a-santa-popular-brasileira/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Mulheres de luta |archive-date=2023-11-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231129123352/http://www.mulheresdeluta.com.br/anastacia-a-santa-popular-brasileira/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> da Masallaci, da Masallacin Masallacin Yesu (S) da Masallatai na Masallacin Musulunci; [4] na Masallatai (S) <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 July 2021 |title=Mulheres de terreiros, as memórias ancestrais e a resistência pelo sagrado |url=https://www.awure.com.br/mulheres-de-terreiros-as-memorias-ancestrais-e-a-resistencia-pelo-sagrado/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Awure}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-06-01 |title=Acompanhe a trezena de Santo Antônio e alcance suas graças em 13 dias |url=https://www.terra.com.br/vida-e-estilo/horoscopo/acompanhe-a-trezena-de-santo-antonio-e-alcance-suas-gracas-em-13-dias,15af3ce383b509f609253c063bd45ce56sdwkez7.html |access-date=2013-08-16 |website=Terra}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Dourado |first=Tatiana Maria |date=2013-06-07 |title=Festa do Senhor do Bonfim ganha título de Patrimônio Imaterial do Brasil |url=https://g1.globo.com/bahia/noticia/2013/06/festa-do-senhor-do-bonfim-ganha-titulo-de-patrimonio-imaterial-do-brasil.html |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=G1}}</ref> Duk da yake Katolika ta musanta wanzuwar orishas, majami'u na Pentecostal sun yi imani da wanzuwarsu, amma a matsayin aljanu.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Monteiro |first=Flavio Pantoja |title=Presença Demoníaca: A influência da figura demoníaca na fé pentecostal e neopentecostal |url=https://seer.ufu.br/index.php/cdhis/article/download/59699/32064/265664 |journal=CDHIS |volume=34 |issue=1 |pages=231–255 |doi=10.14393/cdhis.v34n1.2021.59699 |s2cid=241893007 |doi-access=free}}</ref> A cewar IBGE, 0.3% na 'yan Brazil sun ce suna bin addinan asalin Afirka, kodayake yawancin mutane suna bin waɗannan addinan a asirce.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rodrigues |first=Jéssica |date=2022-03-17 |title=Entidades lançam pesquisa inédita para mapear racismo e violência religiosos no Brasil |url=https://www.brasildefato.com.br/2022/03/17/entidades-lancam-pesquisa-inedita-para-mapear-racismo-e-violencia-religiosos-no-brasil |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Brasil de Fato}}</ref> Da farko an yi watsi da su, addinan Afro-Brazilian sun kasance ko kuma suna yin su a bayyane ta hanyar wasu mahimman masu ilimi da masu fasaha kamar su Jorge Amado, Dorival Caymmi, Vinícius na Moraes, Caetano Veloso, Gilberto Gil, Maria Bethânia (wanda ya halarci Mãe Menininha's ''Terreiro''), Gal Costa (wanda aka fara zuwa Orisha Babalú-Ayé), Mestre Didi (ɗan Frealorishá Senho), [[Antonio Risério]], Caribé (mai zane-zane), <ref>{{Cite web |last=Guimarães |first=Julia |date=2007-02-28 |title=A ialorixá do Brasil |url=https://www.otempo.com.br/entretenimento/magazine/a-ialorixa-do-brasil-1.315900 |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=O Tempo}}</ref> da Fernando Co).<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Franco |first=Tasso |date=2013-10-06 |title=Filho de Mãe Senhora, mestre DIDI morre aos 95 anos de idade |url=https://www.bahiaja.com.br/cultura/noticia/2013/10/06/filho-de-mae-senhora-mestre-didi-morre-aos-95-anos-de-idade,65019,0.html |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=BahiaJá}}</ref> [[Fayil:Candomble_Pernambuco.jpg|thumb|An zubar da Candomblé a Pernambuco.]] === Addinai na Afirka da Brazil === * [[Babaçuê]] - Pará;<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Campelo |first=Marilu Márcia |last2=Luca |first2=Taissa Tavernard de |title=As duas africanidades estabelecidas no Pará |url=https://www.unicamp.br/~aulas/Conjunto%20II/4_13.pdf |journal=Revista Aulas |volume=4}}</ref> * Batuque - Rio Grande do Sul;<ref>{{Cite web |last=Charles |first=Hungbono |date=2016-10-26 |title=O Batuque do Rio Grande do Sul – Uma religião de Orixás |url=https://ocandomble.com/2016/10/26/o-batuque-do-rio-grande-do-sul-uma-religiao-de-orixas/}}</ref> * [[Cabula]] - Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro da Santa Catarina; <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nogueira |first=Guilherme Dantas |last2=Nogueira |first2=Nilo Sérgio |title=EU CANGIRA, DEIXA A GIRA GIRAR: A CABULA CAPIXABA E SEUS VESTÍGIOS EM MINAS GERAIS |url=https://periodicos.unb.br/index.php/revistacalundu/article/download/7634/6303/13250 |journal=Revista Calundu |volume=1 |issue=2 |pages=71–90}}</ref> * Candomblé - A duk jihohin Brazil; * [[Egungun cult|Addinin Egungun]] - Bahia, Rio de Janeiro da São Paulo;<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-07-25 |title=O Culto dos Ancestrais – Egungun |url=https://ocandomble.com/2017/07/25/o-culto-dos-ancestrais-egungun/ |access-date=2023-08-16}}</ref> * [[Ifá]] Cult - Bahia, Rio de Janeiro da São Paulo;<ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-02-18 |title=Religiões Afro-Brasileiras |url=http://deusesehomens.com.br/religioes/afro-brasileiras/item/205-religioes-afro-brasileiras |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Deuses & Homens}}</ref> * Macumba - Rio de Janeiro;<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Britto |first=Rossana |last2=Tardock |first2=Luciano Campos |title=Noite na macumba: as religiões afro-brasileiras e o bailado de Eros Volusia |url=https://revistaplura.emnuvens.com.br/plura/article/download/1037/pdf_114/4264 |journal=Revista de Estudos de Religião |volume=6 |issue=2 |pages=307–319}}</ref> * [[Omoloko]] - Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais da São Paulo; <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Silva |first=Walerson Fernandes da |title=O CULTO OMOLOKÔ E SUA RELAÇÃO COM A UMBANDA E O CANDOMBLÉ |url=https://www.ufjf.br/bach/files/2016/10/WALERSON-FERNANDES-DA-SILVA.pdf |journal=UFJF}}</ref> * Kimbanda - Rio de Janeiro da São Paulo; <ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-12-11 |title=Religiões afro-brasileiras derivam de crenças de mais de 4 séculos |url=http://www.morcegada.unir.br/?p=708 |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Morcegada |archive-date=2023-08-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230816162500/http://www.morcegada.unir.br/?p=708 |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Tambor na Mina - Maranhão da Pará; <ref name=":1"/> * [[Terecô]] - Maranhão; <ref>{{Cite web |last=Carvalho |first=Cleide |date=6 April 2013 |title=Codó, no Maranhão, é a terra dos pais de santo |url=https://oglobo.globo.com/politica/codo-no-maranhao-a-terra-dos-pais-de-santo-8043533 |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=G1}}</ref> * Umbanda - A duk jihohin Brazil; <ref name=":1" /> * Xambá - Alagoas da Pernambuco; <ref>{{Cite web |last=Iglesia |first=Marcus |date=2018-12-03 |title=Território da ancestralidade africana, Nação Xambá é patrimônio vivo de Pernambuco |url=https://www.cultura.pe.gov.br/canal/patrimonio-cultural-3/territorio-da-ancestralidade-africana-nacao-xamba-e-patrimonio-vivo-de-pernambuco/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Portal Cultura }}{{Dead link|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> * Xangô na Arewa maso gabas - Paraíba, Pernambuco, Alagoas da Sergipe; <ref name=":2"/> * Ƙungiyoyin; * Sisterhood of Our Lady of the Good Death; <ref name=":3"/> * Sisterhood of Our Lady of the Rosary of the Black Men; <ref name=":4"/> * Syncretism; <ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-04-18 |title=Qual a ligação entre os santos católicos e os orixás? |url=https://super.abril.com.br/mundo-estranho/qual-a-ligacao-entre-os-santos-catolicos-e-os-orixas |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Super Interessante}}</ref> == Fasaha == [[Fayil:Neide_da_Costa.jpeg|thumb|Mai yin gyare-gyare na Ilê Axé Opô Afonjá candomblé ''Terreiro'' a Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.]] Alaká na Afirka, wanda aka sani a Brazil da pano-da-costa, masu saƙa ne na Ilê Axé Opô Afonjá candomblé ''Terreiro'' a Salvador, a cikin sararin da ake kira Casa do Alaká . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Casa do Alaká |url=http://casadoalaka.com/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071008082253/http://casadoalaka.com/ |archive-date=2007-10-08 |access-date=2008-09-01}}</ref> Mestre Didi, [[Alapini]] (babban firist) na addinin Egungun da [[Açobá|Azobá]] (babban Firist) na Addinin Babalú-Ayé da Orishas na duniya, shi ma masassaƙi ne kuma aikinsa gaba ɗaya yana mai da hankali kan tatsuniyoyin [[Yarbawa|Yoruba]] da fasaha.<ref name=":5"/> A cikin zane, masu zane-zane da masu zanen kaya da yawa sun sadaukar da kansu don nuna kyawawan candomblé, umbanda da batuque a kan zane-zanen su. Ɗaya daga cikinsu shine mai zane-zane da mai zane-zanen Argentina Carybé, wanda ya sadaukar da yawancin rayuwarsa a Brazil yana zane-zane kuma yana fentin Orishas da bukukuwa har zuwa cikakkun bayanai. Ana iya ganin siffofinsa a Gidan Tarihin Afro-Brazilian kuma an buga wani ɓangare na aikinsa a cikin littattafai.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Silva |first=Vagner Gonçalves da |date=2012 |title=Artes do axé. O sagrado afro-brasileiro na obra de Carybé |journal=Ponto Urbe |volume=10 |issue=10 |doi=10.4000/pontourbe.1267 |doi-access=free}}</ref> A cikin daukar hoto, Faransanci Pierre Fatumbi Verger, wanda ya ziyarci Bahia a 1946 kuma ya kasance har zuwa ranar ƙarshe ta rayuwarsa, ya nuna mutanen Brazil da duk nuances na candomblé a baki da fari. Baya ga daukar hoto, ya zama wani ɓangare na addini, a Brazil da [[Afirka]], inda aka fara shi a matsayin Babalawo, da kuma fara [[Pierre Verger Foundation|Gidauniyar Pierre Verger]] a Salvador, inda duk tarin hotunansa yake.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Souty |first=Jérôme |title=IMAGEM, ORALIDADE E ESCRITA: UMA ANÁLISE DA TRAJETÓRIA DE PIERRE FATUMBI VERGER |url=https://www.scielo.br/j/afro/a/z7cQp4dB7LXDH4jXmf5L5Yz/?lang=pt&format=pdf |journal=Afro-Ásia |volume=45 |pages=185–194}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Pierre Verger pela cidade |url=https://www.salvadordabahia.com/roteiros/pierre-verger-pela-cidade/ |access-date=2023-08-16}}</ref> == Abincin == <nowiki><i id="mwAco">feijoada</i></nowiki> na Brazil, wanda ake la'akari da abincin ƙasa na Brazil, ana yawan ambaton shi azaman halittar bayi, tunda ana iya kirkirar shi a cikin ''[[Senzala|senzalas]]''. A zamanin yau, duk da haka, ana ɗaukar ''feijoada'' na Brazil a matsayin daidaitawa na wurare masu zafi na ''feijoada'' ta Portuguese wanda ba a saba ba da shi ga bayi ba. Duk da haka, abincin yankin Brazil ya sami rinjaye sosai daga abincin Afirka, gauraye da abubuwan abinci na Turai da na asali.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-05-09 |title=Origem da Feijoada e sua História: Você tem certeza que ela nasceu nas senzalas? |url=https://fundacaocargill.org.br/historia-da-feijoada/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Fundação Cargill}}</ref> Abinci na Bahia shine wanda ya fi nuna tasirin Afirka a cikin abincin da ya dace kamar ''[[Ƙosai|Acarajé]]'', ''caruru'', ''vatapá'' da ''moqueca''. Ana shirya waɗannan jita-jita da [[Manja|Man dabino]], wanda aka cire daga itacen dabino na Afirka da aka kawo Brazil a zamanin mulkin mallaka. A Bahia, akwai hanyoyi biyu don shirya waɗannan girke-girke. A hanya mai sauƙi, abincin ba ya ƙunshe da kayan yaji da yawa kuma ana yin su a cikin candomblé terreiros don a miƙa wa orishas. A wata hanya, ana amfani da shi a waje da terreiros, ana shirya abinci tare da kayan yaji da yawa kuma sun fi ɗanɗano, ana sayar da su ta baianas do acarajé kuma ana ɗanɗana su a gidajen cin abinci da gidaje.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=França |first=Érico da Silva |title=A FORMAÇÃO DA "CULINÁRIA BAIANA": SOB UMA ÓTICA "AFRICANA" |url=http://snh2013.anpuh.org/resources/anais/35/1397424147_ARQUIVO_AFORMACAODACULINARIABAIANA.pdf |journal=ANPUH |volume=10}}</ref> == Waƙoƙi == {{Main|Afro-Brazilian music}} Waƙoƙin da Afro-Brazilians suka kirkira haɗuwa ne da tasirin daga ko'ina cikin Afirka ta kudu da Sahara tare da abubuwa na Portuguese kuma, zuwa ƙarami, kiɗa na asali, wanda ya samar da nau'o'i daban-daban. Kyakkyawan kiɗa na Brazil yana da tasiri sosai daga rhythms na Afirka; shahararrun nau'ikan sune samba, [[marabaixo]], maracatu, [[Ijexá (rhytm)|ijexá]], [[Coco (dance)|koko]], jongo, carimbó, lambada, maxixe, Maculelê.<ref name=":7">{{Cite web |date=2023-05-29 |title=Maracatu: Um ritmo musical e uma forma de manifestação cultural tradicional de Pernambuco |url=https://sopacultural.com/maracatu-um-ritmo-musical-e-uma-forma-de-manifestacao-cultural-tradicional-de-pernambuco/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Sopa Cultural}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://sopacultural.com/maracatu-um-ritmo-musical-e-uma-forma-de-manifestacao-cultural-tradicional-de-pernambuco/ "Maracatu: Um ritmo musical e uma forma de manifestação cultural tradicional de Pernambuco"]. ''Sopa Cultural''. 2023-05-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-08-16</span></span>.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-01-27 |title=Jongo, expressão da cultura afro-brasileira |url=https://www.multirio.rj.gov.br/index.php/reportagens/8637-jongo-expressao-da-cultura-afro-brasileira |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=MultiRio}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-12-04 |title=Maxixe – Conheça a origem e história do Tango Brasileiro! |url=https://terravistabrasil.com.br/maxixe/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Terravista Brasil |archive-date=2023-08-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230816162508/https://terravistabrasil.com.br/maxixe/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-01-14 |title=Carimbó: ritmo de herança afro-indígena é tradição no Pará |url=https://noticias.uol.com.br/ultimas-noticias/rfi/2022/01/14/carimbo-ritmo-de-heranca-afro-indigena-e-tradicao-no-para.htm |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=UOL}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-04-17 |title=O que é o Maculele |url=https://www.capoeiranossanacao.com.br/o-que-e-o-maculele/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Capoeira Nossa Nação}}</ref> Kamar yadda ya faru a duk yankunan Amurka inda bayi na Afirka suka kasance, an yi watsi da kiɗan da 'yan Afirka suka yi da farko kuma an ware shi, har sai ya sami sananne a farkon karni na 20 kuma ya zama mafi mashahuri a yau.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kuehn |first=Frank |date=January 2002 |title=ESTUDO ACERCA DOS ELEMENTOS AFRO-BRASILEIROS DO CANDOMBLÉ NAS LETRAS E MÚSICAS DE VINÍCIUS DE MORAES E BADEN POWELL: os "Afro-Sambas". |url=https://www.academia.edu/685708 |journal=Terceiro Colóquio de Pesquisa da Pós-Graduação em Música, Escola de Música |pages=94–103}}</ref> === Kayan kida na Afirka da Brazil === * Rashin jin daɗi; <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |title=Instrumentos Musicais Africanos |url=https://brasilescola.uol.com.br/geografia/instrumentos-musicais-africanos.htm |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Brasil Escola}}</ref> * Agogô; <ref name=":6" /> * Alfaia; <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alfaia |url=http://www.percussionista.com.br/instrumentos/alfaia.htm |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Percussionista}}</ref> * Ya kai Harin; <ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-03-15 |title=A História do Atabaque |url=http://casademiguelarcanjo.com.br/orixas/a-historia-do-atabaque/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Casa de Miguel }}{{Dead link|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> * Berimbau; <ref name=":6" /> * [[Ganga|Drum]]; <ref name=":6" /> == Dubi kuma == * Al'adun Afirka a Rio Grande do Sul * Quilombo * Tarihin Afirka da Brazil == Bayanan da aka ambata == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] daf1uyr81ah82diq4r2jhjtv7h8t0c7 878703 878702 2026-07-07T21:37:36Z Nnamadee 31123 878703 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:Encontro_estadual_de_maracatus.jpg|thumb|320x320px|A Pernambuco, al'adun Afro-Brazilian na farko da rhythm sun fito: congada da maracatu . A cikin hoton, Maracatu Nação procession a [[Recife]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Congada - Festa folclórica une tradições africanas e ibéricas |url=https://educacao.uol.com.br/disciplinas/cultura-brasileira/congada-festa-folclorica-une-tradicoes-africanas-e-ibericas.htm |access-date=2017-03-03 |website=UOL}}</ref><ref name=":7">{{Cite web |date=2023-05-29 |title=Maracatu: Um ritmo musical e uma forma de manifestação cultural tradicional de Pernambuco |url=https://sopacultural.com/maracatu-um-ritmo-musical-e-uma-forma-de-manifestacao-cultural-tradicional-de-pernambuco/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Sopa Cultural}}</ref>]] Al'adun Afro-[[Brazil]] shine haɗuwa da bayyanar al'adu a Brazil waɗanda suka sha wahala daga [[Al'adun Afirka]] tun zamanin mulkin mallaka har zuwa yau. Yawancin al'adun Afirka sun isa Brazil ta hanyar cinikin bayi na transatlantic, inda al'adun Turai da na asali suka rinjaye shi, wanda ke nufin cewa halaye na asalin Afirka a cikin al'adun Brazil gabaɗaya sun haɗu da wasu nassoshin al'adu. A halin yanzu, ana iya gano bangarori masu karfi na al'adun Afirka a fannoni da yawa na al'ummar Brazil, kamar su kiɗa, Addini, abinci, al'adun gargajiya da kuma shahararrun bukukuwa. Jihohin Maranhão, Pernambuco, Alagoas, Bahia, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, [[Rio de Janeiro]], [[São Paulo]] da Rio Grande do Sul sune suka fi rinjayar al'adun asalin Afirka saboda yawan bayi da aka karɓa a lokacin cinikin bayi da ƙaurawarsu ta ciki bayan ƙarshen sake zagayowar sukari a Yankin arewa maso gabas. Kodayake al'adun gargajiya sun ragu a zamanin mulkin mallaka kuma a cikin karni na 19, fannoni na al'adun Brazil na asalin Afirka sun sami tsari na sake darajar daga karni na 20 zuwa gaba wanda har yanzu yana nan a yau. == Ci gaban tarihi == [[Fayil:Rugendas_-_Escravos_Benguela,_Angola,_Congo,_Monjolo.jpg|thumb|Bayin Afirka a Brazil daga kasashe da yawa (Rugendas, c. 1830).]] Gabaɗaya, a zamanin mulkin mallaka da kuma a cikin karni na 19, asalin al'adun Turai shine mafi daraja a Brazil, yayin da ake yawan watsi da al'adun al'adun Afirka da Brazil, an hana su har ma an haramta su. Addinai na Afro-Brazilian da fasaha na capoeira sau da yawa hukumomi sun hana su. A gefe guda, wasu bayyanar al'adu, kamar congadas da maracatu, da kuma maganganun kiɗa kamar Lundu, an yarda da su har ma da motsa su.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2012-05-23 |title=Cultura Negra: Nossa gente e nossa história |url=https://vermelho.org.br/2012/05/23/cultura-negra-nossa-gente-e-nossa-historia/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Vermelho}}</ref> Daga tsakiyar karni na 20 zuwa gaba, maganganun al'adun Afro-Brazilian a hankali sun fara karɓar karɓa da sha'awar ƙwararrun Brazil a matsayin ainihin maganganun fasaha na ƙasa. Koyaya, ba duk bayyanar al'adu ba ne aka yarda da su a lokaci guda. Samba na ɗaya daga cikin maganganun farko na al'adun Afro-Brazilian da za a yi sha'awar lokacin da ya ɗauki matsayi mai daraja a cikin shahararren kiɗa a farkon karni na 20.<ref name=":0"/> Daga baya, gwamnatin mulkin kama-karya na Estado Novo na Getúlio Vargas ta aiwatar da manufofi don motsa kishin kasa inda za a iya karɓar al'adun Afro-Brazilian a hukumance. A wannan lokacin ne zanga-zangar Makarantar samba ta sami amincewar gwamnati ta hanyar Janar Union of Samba Schools of Brazil, wanda aka kafa a 1934.<ref name=":0"/><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Fernandes |first=Nelson da Nóbrega |date=2012-11-01 |title=ESCOLAS DE SAMBA, IDENTIDADE NACIONAL E O DIREITO À CIDADE |url=https://www.ub.edu/geocrit/sn/sn-418/sn-418-47.htm |journal=Revista Electrónica de Geografía y Ciencias Sociales |volume=16 |issue=416}}</ref> Haka ya faru da sauran al'adun al'adu. Capoeira, wanda aka dauka a matsayin aikin masu laifi da masu laifi, Mestre Bimba ne ya gabatar da shi a 1953 ga shugaban kasar Vargas, wanda ya kira shi "wasa kawai wasanni na kasa".<ref name=":0"/><ref>{{Cite web |last=Fernandes |first=Fernanda |date=2020-11-23 |title=Quem foi Mestre Bimba, criador da capoeira regional |url=https://www.multirio.rj.gov.br/index.php/reportagens/16849-quem-foi-mestre-bimba,-criador-da-capoeira-regional |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=MultiRio}}</ref> Daga shekarun 1950 zuwa gaba, tsanantawa ga addinan Afro-Brazilian ya ragu kuma wani ɓangare na matsakaicin aji na Rio de Janeiro ya karɓi umbanda. A cikin shekaru goma masu zuwa, addinan Afro-Brazilian sun fara yin bikin ne daga fararen masu ilimi.<ref name=":0"/> A shekara ta 2003, an sanya hannu kan Dokar No. 10.639, wanda ya canza [[Law of Guidelines and Bases of Education|Dokar Jagororin da Tushen Ilimi]] (LDB), wanda ke buƙatar makarantun firamare da sakandare na Brazil su haɗa da koyar da tarihin Afirka da al'adu a cikin tsarin karatun.<ref name=":0"/><ref>{{Cite web |title=LEI No 10.639, DE 9 DE JANEIRO DE 2003 |url=https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/leis/2003/l10.639.htm |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Presidency of the Republic}}</ref> == Nazarin Afirka da Brazil == [[Fayil:Sobradomadalena.jpg|thumb|[[Abolition Museum|Gidan Tarihi na Abolition]] - Cibiyar Bayani ta Al'adun Afirka da Brazil, a Recife.]] An nuna sha'awar al'adun Afro-Brazilian ta hanyar karatu da yawa a fannonin ilimin zamantakewa, ilimin ɗan adam, kabilanci, kiɗa da ilimin harshe, da sauransu, da suka mayar da hankali kan bayyanawa da juyin halitta na tarihin al'adun Afirka-Braziliya.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gomes |first=Nilma Lino |date=2008-09-10 |title=EDUCAÇÃO E DIVERSIDADE CULTURAL: REFLETINDO SOBRE AS DIFERENTES PRESENÇAS NA ESCOLA |url=https://files.ufgd.edu.br/arquivos/arquivos/78/NEAB/Educacao%20e%20Diversidade%20Cultural.pdf |journal=Mulheres Negras - do Umbigo Para O Mundo}}</ref> Yawancin malaman Brazil, kamar lauya Edison Carneiro, mai bincike Nina Rodrigues, marubucin Jorge Amado, mawaki da marubuci daga Minas Gerais Antonio Olinto, marubuci da ɗan jarida João Ubaldo, masanin ilimin ɗan adam da masanin tarihin tarihi [[Raul Lody]], da kuma baƙi kamar masanin ilimin zamantakewa na Faransa Roger Bastide, mai ɗaukar hoto Pierre Verger, masanin binciken kabilanci na Amurka Ruth Landes, da kuma mai zane na Argentina Carybé, waɗanda ba a riga an sadaukar da kansu don tattara bayanai game da al'adun Afirka da su ba, waɗanda ba su yi nazari dalla-Brazilian ba.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Jensen |first=Tina Gudrun |year=2001 |title=Discursos sobre as religiões afro-brasileiras - Da desafricanização para a reafricanização |url=https://www.pucsp.br/rever/rv1_2001/t_jensen.htm |journal=Estudos da Religião |issue=1 |pages=1–21}}</ref> Wasu daga cikinsu sun shiga cikin addinan Afro-Brazilian, kamar yadda yake da João do Rio;<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Serafim |first=Vanda Fortuna |last2=Santos |first2=Thauan Bertão dos |title=JOÃO DO RIO E A HISTÓRIA DAS RELIGIÕES AFRO-BRASILEIRAS |url=https://revistas.unilasalle.edu.br/index.php/Mouseion/article/download/1589/1057 |journal=UnilaSalle |volume=17 |issue=1 |pages=41–60}}</ref> an gayyaci wasu su shiga Candomblé a matsayin cikakken mambobi, suna karɓar matsayi na girmamawa kamar [[Obá de Xangô|Obá na Xangô]] a Ilê Axé Opô Afonjá da [[Ogã]] a Ilê Axé Iyá Nassô Oká da Ilê Axá Omin Iyamassê, suna taimakawa kudi don kula da waɗannan terreiros<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ferreti |first=Sergio |title=Nina Rodrigues e a Religião dos Orixás |url=http://gmbahia.ufba.br/index.php/gmbahia/article/viewFile/307/298 |journal=Gazeta Médica da Bahia |volume=76 |pages=54–59}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Costa |first=José Ricardo da |date=2021 |title=Antonio Olinto: pele branca, alma da África |url=https://ojs.ufgd.edu.br/index.php/Raido/article/view/14545 |journal=Raído |volume=15 |issue=37 |pages=36–50 |doi=10.30612/raido.v15i37.14545 |s2cid=246771676 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Yawancin firistoci a cikin wallafe-wallafen sun ba da kansu don rubuta tarihin addinan Afro-Brazilian tare da taimakon malaman tausayi ko membobin candomblés. Sauran, tun da sun riga sun sami ilimin ilimi, sun zama marubuta tare da matsayinsu na firistoci, kamar masanan ilimin ɗan adam [[Júlio Santana Braga]] da [[Vivaldo da Costa Lima]], iyalorishás Mãe Stella da Giselle Cossard Binon - Omindarewa, farfesa Agenor Miranda, lauya Cléo Martins da farfesa ilimin zamantakewa [[Reginaldo Prandi]], da sauransu.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ramos |first=Cleidiana |date=2015-01-29 |title=Entrevista Júlio Braga: "Sou criança em relação a esse mundo milenar" |url=https://www.geledes.org.br/entrevista-julio-braga-sou-crianca-em-relacao-esse-mundo-milenar/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Portal Geledés}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2010-09-22 |title=Morre antropólogo Vivaldo da Costa Lima |url=https://www.correio24horas.com.br/salvador/morre-antropologo-vivaldo-da-costa-lima-0910 |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Correio do Povo}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-04-25 |title=Mãe Stella de Oxóssi é eleita membro da Academia de Letras da Bahia |url=https://politicalivre.com.br/2013/04/mae-stella-de-oxossi-e-eleita-para-academia-de-letras-da-bahia/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Política Livre |archive-date=2023-08-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230816162459/https://politicalivre.com.br/2013/04/mae-stella-de-oxossi-e-eleita-para-academia-de-letras-da-bahia/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ribeiro |first=Bruno |title=Mãe de Santo à francesa |url=http://www.revistabrasileiros.com.br/edicoes/16/textos/372/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100102034658/http://www.revistabrasileiros.com.br/edicoes/16/textos/372/ |archive-date=2010-01-02 |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Brasileiros}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Lobo |first=Flavio |date=2013-01-09 |title=Entrevista: Reginaldo Prandi estuda religiões afro-brasileiras |url=http://redeglobo.globo.com/globouniversidade/noticia/2013/01/entrevista-reginaldo-prandi-estuda-religioes-afro-brasileiras.html |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=G1}}</ref> == Addini == [[Fayil:Igreja_do_Rosário_dos_Homens_Pretos_(3597939043).jpg|thumb|Cocin Our Lady of the Rosary of the Black Men of Olinda shine coci na farko a Brazil mallakar 'yan uwan baki.<ref>{{Cite journal |title=Inventário dos Lugares de Memória do Tráfico Atlântico de Escravos e da História dos Africanos Escravizados no Brasil |url=http://www.labhoi.uff.br/sites/default/files/4_inventario_igrejas.pdf |journal=UFF}}</ref>]] Gabaɗaya, baƙi da aka kawo daga Afirka a matsayin bayi an yi musu baftisma nan da nan kuma an tilasta musu bin [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]]. Koyaya, juyowa ba ta da ma'ana kuma addinan asalin Afirka sun sami damar kasancewa ta hanyar aikin sirri ko haɗin kai tare da Katolika. Wasu addinan Afro-Brazilian har yanzu suna kula da yawancin al'adun Afirka, kamar su candomblé da [[Xangô do Nordeste|xangô]] na gargajiya a yankin arewa maso gabas; wasu an kafa su ne ta hanyar haɗin addini, kamar su Batuke, Tambor na mina, [[xambá]] da umbanda.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=Ferreti |first=Mundicarmo |year=1997 |title=TAMBOR DE MINA E UMBANDA: O culto aos caboclos no Maranhão |url=http://www.repositorio.ufma.br:8080/jspui/handle/1/205 |journal=GPMINA |issue=39}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Motta |first=Roberto |date=1998 |title=O ÚTIL, O SAGRADO E O MAIS-QUE-SAGRADO NO XANGÔ DE PERNAMBUCO |url=https://www.scielo.br/j/ha/a/C47NX6PK5K7vPr5L7pfGTvR/?format=pdf&lang=pt |journal=Horizontes Antropológicos |volume=4 |issue=8 |pages=168–181 |doi=10.1590/S0104-71831998000100009 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Ko ta yaya, addinan Afro-Brazilian suna nuna tasirin daga Katolika da 'yan asalin encantaria da pajelança. Syncretism kuma yana nuna kansa a cikin al'adar baftisma na yara da aure a cikin Cocin Katolika, koda kuwa membobin suna bin addinin Afro-Brazilian a bayyane.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Rocha |first=Leandro Mendes |last2=Borges |first2=Marcelo Henrique Ribeiro |title=ENCANTARIAS BRASILEIRAS. A EMERGÊNCIA DE RELIGIOSIDADES HÍBRIDAS AFRO-AMERÍNDIAS: O CASO DO MESTRE IRINEU SERRA – DAIME |url=https://revistas.ufg.br/racs/article/download/55385/26457/231399 |journal=Articul. Constr. Saber |volume=3 |issue=1 |pages=280–313}}</ref> A cikin mulkin mallaka na Brazil, baƙi da Mulatto, ko bayi ko 'yanci, galibi suna haɗuwa da kansu a cikin addinin Katolika. Sisterhood of Our Lady of the Good Death da [[Sisterhood of Our Lady of the Rosary of the Black Men|Sisterhood na Our Lady of the Rosary of the Black Men]] sun kasance daga cikin mafi muhimmanci, kuma suna aiki a matsayin hanyar haɗi tsakanin Katolika da addinan Afro-Brazilian.<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal |last=Silva |first=Livia Maria Baêta da |title=A IRMANDADE DE NOSSA SENHORA DA BOA MORTE, UMA PERSPECTIVA MUSEOLÓGICA E DE GÊNERO |url=https://www.cult.ufba.br/enecul2005/LiviaMariaBaetadaSilva.pdf |journal=Enecult |volume=1 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite journal |last=Ott |first=Carlos |title=A IRMANDADE DE NOSSA SENHORA DO ROSARIO DOS PRETOS DO PELOURINHO |url=https://periodicos.ufba.br/index.php/afroasia/article/download/20681/13276 |journal=UFBA |pages=119–126}}</ref> Ayyukan Katolika na gargajiya sun sha wahala daga tasirin Afirka a cikin bautar tsarkaka na asalin Afirka kamar Saint Benedict, Saint Elesbaan, Saint Ephigenia da Saint Anthony na Noto ([[Antônio de Categeró|Saint Anthony na Carthage]] ko Saint Anthony Habasha);<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Oliveira |first=Anderson José Machado de |title=O Culto dos Santos no Brasil Colonial: aspectos teóricos e metodológico |url=https://view.officeapps.live.com/op/view.aspx?src=http%3A%2F%2Fsnh2013.anpuh.org%2Fresources%2Frj%2FAnais%2F1998%2Fautor%2FAnderson%2520Jose%2520Machado%2520de%2520Oliveira%2520.doc&wdOrigin=BROWSELINK |journal=ANPUH}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Zarattini |first=Fábio |title=Santos negros carmelitas e franciscanos: estudo das imagens de Minas Gerais e Pernambuco |url=https://revistas.pucsp.br/index.php/rever/article/download/55916/40052/181812 |journal=REVER |volume=22 |issue=1 |pages=59–76 |doi=10.23925/1677-1222.2021vol22i1a5 |s2cid=250299039 |doi-access=free}}</ref> a cikin ba'a mai kyau na tsarkaka da ke da alaƙa da orishas na Afirka kamar Saints Coszena da Damian (ibeji), Saint George (Ogun a Rio de Janeiro), Saint Barbara (Yansbaan), [4] a cikin kirkirar sabbin tsarkaka masu suna da Mashahuriyar addinin Ass Ass Ass Assanya na Masallaci; <ref>{{Cite web |last=de Luta |first=Mulheres |date=2021-05-28 |title=Anastácia, a santa popular brasileira |url=https://www.mulheresdeluta.com.br/anastacia-a-santa-popular-brasileira/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Mulheres de luta |archive-date=2023-11-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231129123352/http://www.mulheresdeluta.com.br/anastacia-a-santa-popular-brasileira/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> da Masallaci, da Masallacin Masallacin Yesu (S) da Masallatai na Masallacin Musulunci; [4] na Masallatai (S) <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 July 2021 |title=Mulheres de terreiros, as memórias ancestrais e a resistência pelo sagrado |url=https://www.awure.com.br/mulheres-de-terreiros-as-memorias-ancestrais-e-a-resistencia-pelo-sagrado/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Awure}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-06-01 |title=Acompanhe a trezena de Santo Antônio e alcance suas graças em 13 dias |url=https://www.terra.com.br/vida-e-estilo/horoscopo/acompanhe-a-trezena-de-santo-antonio-e-alcance-suas-gracas-em-13-dias,15af3ce383b509f609253c063bd45ce56sdwkez7.html |access-date=2013-08-16 |website=Terra}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Dourado |first=Tatiana Maria |date=2013-06-07 |title=Festa do Senhor do Bonfim ganha título de Patrimônio Imaterial do Brasil |url=https://g1.globo.com/bahia/noticia/2013/06/festa-do-senhor-do-bonfim-ganha-titulo-de-patrimonio-imaterial-do-brasil.html |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=G1}}</ref> Duk da yake Katolika ta musanta wanzuwar orishas, majami'u na Pentecostal sun yi imani da wanzuwarsu, amma a matsayin aljanu.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Monteiro |first=Flavio Pantoja |title=Presença Demoníaca: A influência da figura demoníaca na fé pentecostal e neopentecostal |url=https://seer.ufu.br/index.php/cdhis/article/download/59699/32064/265664 |journal=CDHIS |volume=34 |issue=1 |pages=231–255 |doi=10.14393/cdhis.v34n1.2021.59699 |s2cid=241893007 |doi-access=free}}</ref> A cewar IBGE, 0.3% na 'yan Brazil sun ce suna bin addinan asalin Afirka, kodayake yawancin mutane suna bin waɗannan addinan a asirce.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rodrigues |first=Jéssica |date=2022-03-17 |title=Entidades lançam pesquisa inédita para mapear racismo e violência religiosos no Brasil |url=https://www.brasildefato.com.br/2022/03/17/entidades-lancam-pesquisa-inedita-para-mapear-racismo-e-violencia-religiosos-no-brasil |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Brasil de Fato}}</ref> Da farko an yi watsi da su, addinan Afro-Brazilian sun kasance ko kuma suna yin su a bayyane ta hanyar wasu mahimman masu ilimi da masu fasaha kamar su Jorge Amado, Dorival Caymmi, Vinícius na Moraes, Caetano Veloso, Gilberto Gil, Maria Bethânia (wanda ya halarci Mãe Menininha's ''Terreiro''), Gal Costa (wanda aka fara zuwa Orisha Babalú-Ayé), Mestre Didi (ɗan Frealorishá Senho), [[Antonio Risério]], Caribé (mai zane-zane), <ref>{{Cite web |last=Guimarães |first=Julia |date=2007-02-28 |title=A ialorixá do Brasil |url=https://www.otempo.com.br/entretenimento/magazine/a-ialorixa-do-brasil-1.315900 |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=O Tempo}}</ref> da Fernando Co).<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Franco |first=Tasso |date=2013-10-06 |title=Filho de Mãe Senhora, mestre DIDI morre aos 95 anos de idade |url=https://www.bahiaja.com.br/cultura/noticia/2013/10/06/filho-de-mae-senhora-mestre-didi-morre-aos-95-anos-de-idade,65019,0.html |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=BahiaJá}}</ref> [[Fayil:Candomble_Pernambuco.jpg|thumb|An zubar da Candomblé a Pernambuco.]] === Addinai na Afirka da Brazil === * [[Babaçuê]] - Pará;<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Campelo |first=Marilu Márcia |last2=Luca |first2=Taissa Tavernard de |title=As duas africanidades estabelecidas no Pará |url=https://www.unicamp.br/~aulas/Conjunto%20II/4_13.pdf |journal=Revista Aulas |volume=4}}</ref> * Batuque - Rio Grande do Sul;<ref>{{Cite web |last=Charles |first=Hungbono |date=2016-10-26 |title=O Batuque do Rio Grande do Sul – Uma religião de Orixás |url=https://ocandomble.com/2016/10/26/o-batuque-do-rio-grande-do-sul-uma-religiao-de-orixas/}}</ref> * [[Cabula]] - Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro da Santa Catarina; <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nogueira |first=Guilherme Dantas |last2=Nogueira |first2=Nilo Sérgio |title=EU CANGIRA, DEIXA A GIRA GIRAR: A CABULA CAPIXABA E SEUS VESTÍGIOS EM MINAS GERAIS |url=https://periodicos.unb.br/index.php/revistacalundu/article/download/7634/6303/13250 |journal=Revista Calundu |volume=1 |issue=2 |pages=71–90}}</ref> * Candomblé - A duk jihohin Brazil; * [[Egungun cult|Addinin Egungun]] - Bahia, Rio de Janeiro da São Paulo;<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-07-25 |title=O Culto dos Ancestrais – Egungun |url=https://ocandomble.com/2017/07/25/o-culto-dos-ancestrais-egungun/ |access-date=2023-08-16}}</ref> * [[Ifá]] Cult - Bahia, Rio de Janeiro da São Paulo;<ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-02-18 |title=Religiões Afro-Brasileiras |url=http://deusesehomens.com.br/religioes/afro-brasileiras/item/205-religioes-afro-brasileiras |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Deuses & Homens}}</ref> * Macumba - Rio de Janeiro;<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Britto |first=Rossana |last2=Tardock |first2=Luciano Campos |title=Noite na macumba: as religiões afro-brasileiras e o bailado de Eros Volusia |url=https://revistaplura.emnuvens.com.br/plura/article/download/1037/pdf_114/4264 |journal=Revista de Estudos de Religião |volume=6 |issue=2 |pages=307–319}}</ref> * [[Omoloko]] - Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais da São Paulo; <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Silva |first=Walerson Fernandes da |title=O CULTO OMOLOKÔ E SUA RELAÇÃO COM A UMBANDA E O CANDOMBLÉ |url=https://www.ufjf.br/bach/files/2016/10/WALERSON-FERNANDES-DA-SILVA.pdf |journal=UFJF}}</ref> * Kimbanda - Rio de Janeiro da São Paulo;<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-12-11 |title=Religiões afro-brasileiras derivam de crenças de mais de 4 séculos |url=http://www.morcegada.unir.br/?p=708 |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Morcegada |archive-date=2023-08-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230816162500/http://www.morcegada.unir.br/?p=708 |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Tambor na Mina - Maranhão da Pará;<ref name=":1"/> * [[Terecô]] - Maranhão; <ref>{{Cite web |last=Carvalho |first=Cleide |date=6 April 2013 |title=Codó, no Maranhão, é a terra dos pais de santo |url=https://oglobo.globo.com/politica/codo-no-maranhao-a-terra-dos-pais-de-santo-8043533 |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=G1}}</ref> * Umbanda - A duk jihohin Brazil;<ref name=":1" /> * Xambá - Alagoas da Pernambuco;<ref>{{Cite web |last=Iglesia |first=Marcus |date=2018-12-03 |title=Território da ancestralidade africana, Nação Xambá é patrimônio vivo de Pernambuco |url=https://www.cultura.pe.gov.br/canal/patrimonio-cultural-3/territorio-da-ancestralidade-africana-nacao-xamba-e-patrimonio-vivo-de-pernambuco/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Portal Cultura }}{{Dead link|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> * Xangô na Arewa maso gabas - Paraíba, Pernambuco, Alagoas da Sergipe;<ref name=":2"/> * Ƙungiyoyin; * Sisterhood of Our Lady of the Good Death;<ref name=":3"/> * Sisterhood of Our Lady of the Rosary of the Black Men;<ref name=":4"/> * Syncretism;<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-04-18 |title=Qual a ligação entre os santos católicos e os orixás? |url=https://super.abril.com.br/mundo-estranho/qual-a-ligacao-entre-os-santos-catolicos-e-os-orixas |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Super Interessante}}</ref> == Fasaha == [[Fayil:Neide_da_Costa.jpeg|thumb|Mai yin gyare-gyare na Ilê Axé Opô Afonjá candomblé ''Terreiro'' a Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.]] Alaká na Afirka, wanda aka sani a Brazil da pano-da-costa, masu saƙa ne na Ilê Axé Opô Afonjá candomblé ''Terreiro'' a Salvador, a cikin sararin da ake kira Casa do Alaká . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Casa do Alaká |url=http://casadoalaka.com/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071008082253/http://casadoalaka.com/ |archive-date=2007-10-08 |access-date=2008-09-01}}</ref> Mestre Didi, [[Alapini]] (babban firist) na addinin Egungun da [[Açobá|Azobá]] (babban Firist) na Addinin Babalú-Ayé da Orishas na duniya, shi ma masassaƙi ne kuma aikinsa gaba ɗaya yana mai da hankali kan tatsuniyoyin [[Yarbawa|Yoruba]] da fasaha.<ref name=":5"/> A cikin zane, masu zane-zane da masu zanen kaya da yawa sun sadaukar da kansu don nuna kyawawan candomblé, umbanda da batuque a kan zane-zanen su. Ɗaya daga cikinsu shine mai zane-zane da mai zane-zanen Argentina Carybé, wanda ya sadaukar da yawancin rayuwarsa a Brazil yana zane-zane kuma yana fentin Orishas da bukukuwa har zuwa cikakkun bayanai. Ana iya ganin siffofinsa a Gidan Tarihin Afro-Brazilian kuma an buga wani ɓangare na aikinsa a cikin littattafai.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Silva |first=Vagner Gonçalves da |date=2012 |title=Artes do axé. O sagrado afro-brasileiro na obra de Carybé |journal=Ponto Urbe |volume=10 |issue=10 |doi=10.4000/pontourbe.1267 |doi-access=free}}</ref> A cikin daukar hoto, Faransanci Pierre Fatumbi Verger, wanda ya ziyarci Bahia a 1946 kuma ya kasance har zuwa ranar ƙarshe ta rayuwarsa, ya nuna mutanen Brazil da duk nuances na candomblé a baki da fari. Baya ga daukar hoto, ya zama wani ɓangare na addini, a Brazil da [[Afirka]], inda aka fara shi a matsayin Babalawo, da kuma fara [[Pierre Verger Foundation|Gidauniyar Pierre Verger]] a Salvador, inda duk tarin hotunansa yake.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Souty |first=Jérôme |title=IMAGEM, ORALIDADE E ESCRITA: UMA ANÁLISE DA TRAJETÓRIA DE PIERRE FATUMBI VERGER |url=https://www.scielo.br/j/afro/a/z7cQp4dB7LXDH4jXmf5L5Yz/?lang=pt&format=pdf |journal=Afro-Ásia |volume=45 |pages=185–194}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Pierre Verger pela cidade |url=https://www.salvadordabahia.com/roteiros/pierre-verger-pela-cidade/ |access-date=2023-08-16}}</ref> == Abincin == <nowiki><i id="mwAco">feijoada</i></nowiki> na Brazil, wanda ake la'akari da abincin ƙasa na Brazil, ana yawan ambaton shi azaman halittar bayi, tunda ana iya kirkirar shi a cikin ''[[Senzala|senzalas]]''. A zamanin yau, duk da haka, ana ɗaukar ''feijoada'' na Brazil a matsayin daidaitawa na wurare masu zafi na ''feijoada'' ta Portuguese wanda ba a saba ba da shi ga bayi ba. Duk da haka, abincin yankin Brazil ya sami rinjaye sosai daga abincin Afirka, gauraye da abubuwan abinci na Turai da na asali.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-05-09 |title=Origem da Feijoada e sua História: Você tem certeza que ela nasceu nas senzalas? |url=https://fundacaocargill.org.br/historia-da-feijoada/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Fundação Cargill}}</ref> Abinci na Bahia shine wanda ya fi nuna tasirin Afirka a cikin abincin da ya dace kamar ''[[Ƙosai|Acarajé]]'', ''caruru'', ''vatapá'' da ''moqueca''. Ana shirya waɗannan jita-jita da [[Manja|Man dabino]], wanda aka cire daga itacen dabino na Afirka da aka kawo Brazil a zamanin mulkin mallaka. A Bahia, akwai hanyoyi biyu don shirya waɗannan girke-girke. A hanya mai sauƙi, abincin ba ya ƙunshe da kayan yaji da yawa kuma ana yin su a cikin candomblé terreiros don a miƙa wa orishas. A wata hanya, ana amfani da shi a waje da terreiros, ana shirya abinci tare da kayan yaji da yawa kuma sun fi ɗanɗano, ana sayar da su ta baianas do acarajé kuma ana ɗanɗana su a gidajen cin abinci da gidaje.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=França |first=Érico da Silva |title=A FORMAÇÃO DA "CULINÁRIA BAIANA": SOB UMA ÓTICA "AFRICANA" |url=http://snh2013.anpuh.org/resources/anais/35/1397424147_ARQUIVO_AFORMACAODACULINARIABAIANA.pdf |journal=ANPUH |volume=10}}</ref> == Waƙoƙi == {{Main|Afro-Brazilian music}} Waƙoƙin da Afro-Brazilians suka kirkira haɗuwa ne da tasirin daga ko'ina cikin Afirka ta kudu da Sahara tare da abubuwa na Portuguese kuma, zuwa ƙarami, kiɗa na asali, wanda ya samar da nau'o'i daban-daban. Kyakkyawan kiɗa na Brazil yana da tasiri sosai daga rhythms na Afirka; shahararrun nau'ikan sune samba, [[marabaixo]], maracatu, [[Ijexá (rhytm)|ijexá]], [[Coco (dance)|koko]], jongo, carimbó, lambada, maxixe, Maculelê.<ref name=":7">{{Cite web |date=2023-05-29 |title=Maracatu: Um ritmo musical e uma forma de manifestação cultural tradicional de Pernambuco |url=https://sopacultural.com/maracatu-um-ritmo-musical-e-uma-forma-de-manifestacao-cultural-tradicional-de-pernambuco/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Sopa Cultural}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://sopacultural.com/maracatu-um-ritmo-musical-e-uma-forma-de-manifestacao-cultural-tradicional-de-pernambuco/ "Maracatu: Um ritmo musical e uma forma de manifestação cultural tradicional de Pernambuco"]. ''Sopa Cultural''. 2023-05-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-08-16</span></span>.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-01-27 |title=Jongo, expressão da cultura afro-brasileira |url=https://www.multirio.rj.gov.br/index.php/reportagens/8637-jongo-expressao-da-cultura-afro-brasileira |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=MultiRio}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-12-04 |title=Maxixe – Conheça a origem e história do Tango Brasileiro! |url=https://terravistabrasil.com.br/maxixe/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Terravista Brasil |archive-date=2023-08-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230816162508/https://terravistabrasil.com.br/maxixe/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-01-14 |title=Carimbó: ritmo de herança afro-indígena é tradição no Pará |url=https://noticias.uol.com.br/ultimas-noticias/rfi/2022/01/14/carimbo-ritmo-de-heranca-afro-indigena-e-tradicao-no-para.htm |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=UOL}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-04-17 |title=O que é o Maculele |url=https://www.capoeiranossanacao.com.br/o-que-e-o-maculele/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Capoeira Nossa Nação}}</ref> Kamar yadda ya faru a duk yankunan Amurka inda bayi na Afirka suka kasance, an yi watsi da kiɗan da 'yan Afirka suka yi da farko kuma an ware shi, har sai ya sami sananne a farkon karni na 20 kuma ya zama mafi mashahuri a yau.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kuehn |first=Frank |date=January 2002 |title=ESTUDO ACERCA DOS ELEMENTOS AFRO-BRASILEIROS DO CANDOMBLÉ NAS LETRAS E MÚSICAS DE VINÍCIUS DE MORAES E BADEN POWELL: os "Afro-Sambas". |url=https://www.academia.edu/685708 |journal=Terceiro Colóquio de Pesquisa da Pós-Graduação em Música, Escola de Música |pages=94–103}}</ref> === Kayan kida na Afirka da Brazil === * Rashin jin daɗi; <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |title=Instrumentos Musicais Africanos |url=https://brasilescola.uol.com.br/geografia/instrumentos-musicais-africanos.htm |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Brasil Escola}}</ref> * Agogô; <ref name=":6" /> * Alfaia; <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alfaia |url=http://www.percussionista.com.br/instrumentos/alfaia.htm |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Percussionista}}</ref> * Ya kai Harin; <ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-03-15 |title=A História do Atabaque |url=http://casademiguelarcanjo.com.br/orixas/a-historia-do-atabaque/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Casa de Miguel }}{{Dead link|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> * Berimbau; <ref name=":6" /> * [[Ganga|Drum]]; <ref name=":6" /> == Dubi kuma == * Al'adun Afirka a Rio Grande do Sul * Quilombo * Tarihin Afirka da Brazil == Bayanan da aka ambata == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 1qwv0dnrm0apw19msbm6gzew8v7a965 878704 878703 2026-07-07T21:38:08Z Nnamadee 31123 878704 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:Encontro_estadual_de_maracatus.jpg|thumb|320x320px|A Pernambuco, al'adun Afro-Brazilian na farko da rhythm sun fito: congada da maracatu . A cikin hoton, Maracatu Nação procession a [[Recife]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Congada - Festa folclórica une tradições africanas e ibéricas |url=https://educacao.uol.com.br/disciplinas/cultura-brasileira/congada-festa-folclorica-une-tradicoes-africanas-e-ibericas.htm |access-date=2017-03-03 |website=UOL}}</ref><ref name=":7">{{Cite web |date=2023-05-29 |title=Maracatu: Um ritmo musical e uma forma de manifestação cultural tradicional de Pernambuco |url=https://sopacultural.com/maracatu-um-ritmo-musical-e-uma-forma-de-manifestacao-cultural-tradicional-de-pernambuco/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Sopa Cultural}}</ref>]] Al'adun Afro-[[Brazil]] shine haɗuwa da bayyanar al'adu a Brazil waɗanda suka sha wahala daga [[Al'adun Afirka]] tun zamanin mulkin mallaka har zuwa yau. Yawancin al'adun Afirka sun isa Brazil ta hanyar cinikin bayi na transatlantic, inda al'adun Turai da na asali suka rinjaye shi, wanda ke nufin cewa halaye na asalin Afirka a cikin al'adun Brazil gabaɗaya sun haɗu da wasu nassoshin al'adu. A halin yanzu, ana iya gano bangarori masu karfi na al'adun Afirka a fannoni da yawa na al'ummar Brazil, kamar su kiɗa, Addini, abinci, al'adun gargajiya da kuma shahararrun bukukuwa. Jihohin Maranhão, Pernambuco, Alagoas, Bahia, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, [[Rio de Janeiro]], [[São Paulo]] da Rio Grande do Sul sune suka fi rinjayar al'adun asalin Afirka saboda yawan bayi da aka karɓa a lokacin cinikin bayi da ƙaurawarsu ta ciki bayan ƙarshen sake zagayowar sukari a Yankin arewa maso gabas. Kodayake al'adun gargajiya sun ragu a zamanin mulkin mallaka kuma a cikin karni na 19, fannoni na al'adun Brazil na asalin Afirka sun sami tsari na sake darajar daga karni na 20 zuwa gaba wanda har yanzu yana nan a yau. == Ci gaban tarihi == [[Fayil:Rugendas_-_Escravos_Benguela,_Angola,_Congo,_Monjolo.jpg|thumb|Bayin Afirka a Brazil daga kasashe da yawa (Rugendas, c. 1830).]] Gabaɗaya, a zamanin mulkin mallaka da kuma a cikin karni na 19, asalin al'adun Turai shine mafi daraja a Brazil, yayin da ake yawan watsi da al'adun al'adun Afirka da Brazil, an hana su har ma an haramta su. Addinai na Afro-Brazilian da fasaha na capoeira sau da yawa hukumomi sun hana su. A gefe guda, wasu bayyanar al'adu, kamar congadas da maracatu, da kuma maganganun kiɗa kamar Lundu, an yarda da su har ma da motsa su.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2012-05-23 |title=Cultura Negra: Nossa gente e nossa história |url=https://vermelho.org.br/2012/05/23/cultura-negra-nossa-gente-e-nossa-historia/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Vermelho}}</ref> Daga tsakiyar karni na 20 zuwa gaba, maganganun al'adun Afro-Brazilian a hankali sun fara karɓar karɓa da sha'awar ƙwararrun Brazil a matsayin ainihin maganganun fasaha na ƙasa. Koyaya, ba duk bayyanar al'adu ba ne aka yarda da su a lokaci guda. Samba na ɗaya daga cikin maganganun farko na al'adun Afro-Brazilian da za a yi sha'awar lokacin da ya ɗauki matsayi mai daraja a cikin shahararren kiɗa a farkon karni na 20.<ref name=":0"/> Daga baya, gwamnatin mulkin kama-karya na Estado Novo na Getúlio Vargas ta aiwatar da manufofi don motsa kishin kasa inda za a iya karɓar al'adun Afro-Brazilian a hukumance. A wannan lokacin ne zanga-zangar Makarantar samba ta sami amincewar gwamnati ta hanyar Janar Union of Samba Schools of Brazil, wanda aka kafa a 1934.<ref name=":0"/><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Fernandes |first=Nelson da Nóbrega |date=2012-11-01 |title=ESCOLAS DE SAMBA, IDENTIDADE NACIONAL E O DIREITO À CIDADE |url=https://www.ub.edu/geocrit/sn/sn-418/sn-418-47.htm |journal=Revista Electrónica de Geografía y Ciencias Sociales |volume=16 |issue=416}}</ref> Haka ya faru da sauran al'adun al'adu. Capoeira, wanda aka dauka a matsayin aikin masu laifi da masu laifi, Mestre Bimba ne ya gabatar da shi a 1953 ga shugaban kasar Vargas, wanda ya kira shi "wasa kawai wasanni na kasa".<ref name=":0"/><ref>{{Cite web |last=Fernandes |first=Fernanda |date=2020-11-23 |title=Quem foi Mestre Bimba, criador da capoeira regional |url=https://www.multirio.rj.gov.br/index.php/reportagens/16849-quem-foi-mestre-bimba,-criador-da-capoeira-regional |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=MultiRio}}</ref> Daga shekarun 1950 zuwa gaba, tsanantawa ga addinan Afro-Brazilian ya ragu kuma wani ɓangare na matsakaicin aji na Rio de Janeiro ya karɓi umbanda. A cikin shekaru goma masu zuwa, addinan Afro-Brazilian sun fara yin bikin ne daga fararen masu ilimi.<ref name=":0"/> A shekara ta 2003, an sanya hannu kan Dokar No. 10.639, wanda ya canza [[Law of Guidelines and Bases of Education|Dokar Jagororin da Tushen Ilimi]] (LDB), wanda ke buƙatar makarantun firamare da sakandare na Brazil su haɗa da koyar da tarihin Afirka da al'adu a cikin tsarin karatun.<ref name=":0"/><ref>{{Cite web |title=LEI No 10.639, DE 9 DE JANEIRO DE 2003 |url=https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/leis/2003/l10.639.htm |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Presidency of the Republic}}</ref> == Nazarin Afirka da Brazil == [[Fayil:Sobradomadalena.jpg|thumb|[[Abolition Museum|Gidan Tarihi na Abolition]] - Cibiyar Bayani ta Al'adun Afirka da Brazil, a Recife.]] An nuna sha'awar al'adun Afro-Brazilian ta hanyar karatu da yawa a fannonin ilimin zamantakewa, ilimin ɗan adam, kabilanci, kiɗa da ilimin harshe, da sauransu, da suka mayar da hankali kan bayyanawa da juyin halitta na tarihin al'adun Afirka-Braziliya.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gomes |first=Nilma Lino |date=2008-09-10 |title=EDUCAÇÃO E DIVERSIDADE CULTURAL: REFLETINDO SOBRE AS DIFERENTES PRESENÇAS NA ESCOLA |url=https://files.ufgd.edu.br/arquivos/arquivos/78/NEAB/Educacao%20e%20Diversidade%20Cultural.pdf |journal=Mulheres Negras - do Umbigo Para O Mundo}}</ref> Yawancin malaman Brazil, kamar lauya Edison Carneiro, mai bincike Nina Rodrigues, marubucin Jorge Amado, mawaki da marubuci daga Minas Gerais Antonio Olinto, marubuci da ɗan jarida João Ubaldo, masanin ilimin ɗan adam da masanin tarihin tarihi [[Raul Lody]], da kuma baƙi kamar masanin ilimin zamantakewa na Faransa Roger Bastide, mai ɗaukar hoto Pierre Verger, masanin binciken kabilanci na Amurka Ruth Landes, da kuma mai zane na Argentina Carybé, waɗanda ba a riga an sadaukar da kansu don tattara bayanai game da al'adun Afirka da su ba, waɗanda ba su yi nazari dalla-Brazilian ba.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Jensen |first=Tina Gudrun |year=2001 |title=Discursos sobre as religiões afro-brasileiras - Da desafricanização para a reafricanização |url=https://www.pucsp.br/rever/rv1_2001/t_jensen.htm |journal=Estudos da Religião |issue=1 |pages=1–21}}</ref> Wasu daga cikinsu sun shiga cikin addinan Afro-Brazilian, kamar yadda yake da João do Rio;<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Serafim |first=Vanda Fortuna |last2=Santos |first2=Thauan Bertão dos |title=JOÃO DO RIO E A HISTÓRIA DAS RELIGIÕES AFRO-BRASILEIRAS |url=https://revistas.unilasalle.edu.br/index.php/Mouseion/article/download/1589/1057 |journal=UnilaSalle |volume=17 |issue=1 |pages=41–60}}</ref> an gayyaci wasu su shiga Candomblé a matsayin cikakken mambobi, suna karɓar matsayi na girmamawa kamar [[Obá de Xangô|Obá na Xangô]] a Ilê Axé Opô Afonjá da [[Ogã]] a Ilê Axé Iyá Nassô Oká da Ilê Axá Omin Iyamassê, suna taimakawa kudi don kula da waɗannan terreiros<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ferreti |first=Sergio |title=Nina Rodrigues e a Religião dos Orixás |url=http://gmbahia.ufba.br/index.php/gmbahia/article/viewFile/307/298 |journal=Gazeta Médica da Bahia |volume=76 |pages=54–59}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Costa |first=José Ricardo da |date=2021 |title=Antonio Olinto: pele branca, alma da África |url=https://ojs.ufgd.edu.br/index.php/Raido/article/view/14545 |journal=Raído |volume=15 |issue=37 |pages=36–50 |doi=10.30612/raido.v15i37.14545 |s2cid=246771676 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Yawancin firistoci a cikin wallafe-wallafen sun ba da kansu don rubuta tarihin addinan Afro-Brazilian tare da taimakon malaman tausayi ko membobin candomblés. Sauran, tun da sun riga sun sami ilimin ilimi, sun zama marubuta tare da matsayinsu na firistoci, kamar masanan ilimin ɗan adam [[Júlio Santana Braga]] da [[Vivaldo da Costa Lima]], iyalorishás Mãe Stella da Giselle Cossard Binon - Omindarewa, farfesa Agenor Miranda, lauya Cléo Martins da farfesa ilimin zamantakewa [[Reginaldo Prandi]], da sauransu.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ramos |first=Cleidiana |date=2015-01-29 |title=Entrevista Júlio Braga: "Sou criança em relação a esse mundo milenar" |url=https://www.geledes.org.br/entrevista-julio-braga-sou-crianca-em-relacao-esse-mundo-milenar/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Portal Geledés}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2010-09-22 |title=Morre antropólogo Vivaldo da Costa Lima |url=https://www.correio24horas.com.br/salvador/morre-antropologo-vivaldo-da-costa-lima-0910 |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Correio do Povo}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-04-25 |title=Mãe Stella de Oxóssi é eleita membro da Academia de Letras da Bahia |url=https://politicalivre.com.br/2013/04/mae-stella-de-oxossi-e-eleita-para-academia-de-letras-da-bahia/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Política Livre |archive-date=2023-08-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230816162459/https://politicalivre.com.br/2013/04/mae-stella-de-oxossi-e-eleita-para-academia-de-letras-da-bahia/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ribeiro |first=Bruno |title=Mãe de Santo à francesa |url=http://www.revistabrasileiros.com.br/edicoes/16/textos/372/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100102034658/http://www.revistabrasileiros.com.br/edicoes/16/textos/372/ |archive-date=2010-01-02 |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Brasileiros}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Lobo |first=Flavio |date=2013-01-09 |title=Entrevista: Reginaldo Prandi estuda religiões afro-brasileiras |url=http://redeglobo.globo.com/globouniversidade/noticia/2013/01/entrevista-reginaldo-prandi-estuda-religioes-afro-brasileiras.html |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=G1}}</ref> == Addini == [[Fayil:Igreja_do_Rosário_dos_Homens_Pretos_(3597939043).jpg|thumb|Cocin Our Lady of the Rosary of the Black Men of Olinda shine coci na farko a Brazil mallakar 'yan uwan baki.<ref>{{Cite journal |title=Inventário dos Lugares de Memória do Tráfico Atlântico de Escravos e da História dos Africanos Escravizados no Brasil |url=http://www.labhoi.uff.br/sites/default/files/4_inventario_igrejas.pdf |journal=UFF}}</ref>]] Gabaɗaya, baƙi da aka kawo daga Afirka a matsayin bayi an yi musu baftisma nan da nan kuma an tilasta musu bin [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]]. Koyaya, juyowa ba ta da ma'ana kuma addinan asalin Afirka sun sami damar kasancewa ta hanyar aikin sirri ko haɗin kai tare da Katolika. Wasu addinan Afro-Brazilian har yanzu suna kula da yawancin al'adun Afirka, kamar su candomblé da [[Xangô do Nordeste|xangô]] na gargajiya a yankin arewa maso gabas; wasu an kafa su ne ta hanyar haɗin addini, kamar su Batuke, Tambor na mina, [[xambá]] da umbanda.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=Ferreti |first=Mundicarmo |year=1997 |title=TAMBOR DE MINA E UMBANDA: O culto aos caboclos no Maranhão |url=http://www.repositorio.ufma.br:8080/jspui/handle/1/205 |journal=GPMINA |issue=39}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Motta |first=Roberto |date=1998 |title=O ÚTIL, O SAGRADO E O MAIS-QUE-SAGRADO NO XANGÔ DE PERNAMBUCO |url=https://www.scielo.br/j/ha/a/C47NX6PK5K7vPr5L7pfGTvR/?format=pdf&lang=pt |journal=Horizontes Antropológicos |volume=4 |issue=8 |pages=168–181 |doi=10.1590/S0104-71831998000100009 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Ko ta yaya, addinan Afro-Brazilian suna nuna tasirin daga Katolika da 'yan asalin encantaria da pajelança. Syncretism kuma yana nuna kansa a cikin al'adar baftisma na yara da aure a cikin Cocin Katolika, koda kuwa membobin suna bin addinin Afro-Brazilian a bayyane.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Rocha |first=Leandro Mendes |last2=Borges |first2=Marcelo Henrique Ribeiro |title=ENCANTARIAS BRASILEIRAS. A EMERGÊNCIA DE RELIGIOSIDADES HÍBRIDAS AFRO-AMERÍNDIAS: O CASO DO MESTRE IRINEU SERRA – DAIME |url=https://revistas.ufg.br/racs/article/download/55385/26457/231399 |journal=Articul. Constr. Saber |volume=3 |issue=1 |pages=280–313}}</ref> A cikin mulkin mallaka na Brazil, baƙi da Mulatto, ko bayi ko 'yanci, galibi suna haɗuwa da kansu a cikin addinin Katolika. Sisterhood of Our Lady of the Good Death da [[Sisterhood of Our Lady of the Rosary of the Black Men|Sisterhood na Our Lady of the Rosary of the Black Men]] sun kasance daga cikin mafi muhimmanci, kuma suna aiki a matsayin hanyar haɗi tsakanin Katolika da addinan Afro-Brazilian.<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal |last=Silva |first=Livia Maria Baêta da |title=A IRMANDADE DE NOSSA SENHORA DA BOA MORTE, UMA PERSPECTIVA MUSEOLÓGICA E DE GÊNERO |url=https://www.cult.ufba.br/enecul2005/LiviaMariaBaetadaSilva.pdf |journal=Enecult |volume=1 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite journal |last=Ott |first=Carlos |title=A IRMANDADE DE NOSSA SENHORA DO ROSARIO DOS PRETOS DO PELOURINHO |url=https://periodicos.ufba.br/index.php/afroasia/article/download/20681/13276 |journal=UFBA |pages=119–126}}</ref> Ayyukan Katolika na gargajiya sun sha wahala daga tasirin Afirka a cikin bautar tsarkaka na asalin Afirka kamar Saint Benedict, Saint Elesbaan, Saint Ephigenia da Saint Anthony na Noto ([[Antônio de Categeró|Saint Anthony na Carthage]] ko Saint Anthony Habasha);<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Oliveira |first=Anderson José Machado de |title=O Culto dos Santos no Brasil Colonial: aspectos teóricos e metodológico |url=https://view.officeapps.live.com/op/view.aspx?src=http%3A%2F%2Fsnh2013.anpuh.org%2Fresources%2Frj%2FAnais%2F1998%2Fautor%2FAnderson%2520Jose%2520Machado%2520de%2520Oliveira%2520.doc&wdOrigin=BROWSELINK |journal=ANPUH}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Zarattini |first=Fábio |title=Santos negros carmelitas e franciscanos: estudo das imagens de Minas Gerais e Pernambuco |url=https://revistas.pucsp.br/index.php/rever/article/download/55916/40052/181812 |journal=REVER |volume=22 |issue=1 |pages=59–76 |doi=10.23925/1677-1222.2021vol22i1a5 |s2cid=250299039 |doi-access=free}}</ref> a cikin ba'a mai kyau na tsarkaka da ke da alaƙa da orishas na Afirka kamar Saints Coszena da Damian (ibeji), Saint George (Ogun a Rio de Janeiro), Saint Barbara (Yansbaan), [4] a cikin kirkirar sabbin tsarkaka masu suna da Mashahuriyar addinin Ass Ass Ass Assanya na Masallaci; <ref>{{Cite web |last=de Luta |first=Mulheres |date=2021-05-28 |title=Anastácia, a santa popular brasileira |url=https://www.mulheresdeluta.com.br/anastacia-a-santa-popular-brasileira/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Mulheres de luta |archive-date=2023-11-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231129123352/http://www.mulheresdeluta.com.br/anastacia-a-santa-popular-brasileira/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> da Masallaci, da Masallacin Masallacin Yesu (S) da Masallatai na Masallacin Musulunci; [4] na Masallatai (S) <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 July 2021 |title=Mulheres de terreiros, as memórias ancestrais e a resistência pelo sagrado |url=https://www.awure.com.br/mulheres-de-terreiros-as-memorias-ancestrais-e-a-resistencia-pelo-sagrado/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Awure}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-06-01 |title=Acompanhe a trezena de Santo Antônio e alcance suas graças em 13 dias |url=https://www.terra.com.br/vida-e-estilo/horoscopo/acompanhe-a-trezena-de-santo-antonio-e-alcance-suas-gracas-em-13-dias,15af3ce383b509f609253c063bd45ce56sdwkez7.html |access-date=2013-08-16 |website=Terra}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Dourado |first=Tatiana Maria |date=2013-06-07 |title=Festa do Senhor do Bonfim ganha título de Patrimônio Imaterial do Brasil |url=https://g1.globo.com/bahia/noticia/2013/06/festa-do-senhor-do-bonfim-ganha-titulo-de-patrimonio-imaterial-do-brasil.html |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=G1}}</ref> Duk da yake Katolika ta musanta wanzuwar orishas, majami'u na Pentecostal sun yi imani da wanzuwarsu, amma a matsayin aljanu.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Monteiro |first=Flavio Pantoja |title=Presença Demoníaca: A influência da figura demoníaca na fé pentecostal e neopentecostal |url=https://seer.ufu.br/index.php/cdhis/article/download/59699/32064/265664 |journal=CDHIS |volume=34 |issue=1 |pages=231–255 |doi=10.14393/cdhis.v34n1.2021.59699 |s2cid=241893007 |doi-access=free}}</ref> A cewar IBGE, 0.3% na 'yan Brazil sun ce suna bin addinan asalin Afirka, kodayake yawancin mutane suna bin waɗannan addinan a asirce.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rodrigues |first=Jéssica |date=2022-03-17 |title=Entidades lançam pesquisa inédita para mapear racismo e violência religiosos no Brasil |url=https://www.brasildefato.com.br/2022/03/17/entidades-lancam-pesquisa-inedita-para-mapear-racismo-e-violencia-religiosos-no-brasil |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Brasil de Fato}}</ref> Da farko an yi watsi da su, addinan Afro-Brazilian sun kasance ko kuma suna yin su a bayyane ta hanyar wasu mahimman masu ilimi da masu fasaha kamar su Jorge Amado, Dorival Caymmi, Vinícius na Moraes, Caetano Veloso, Gilberto Gil, Maria Bethânia (wanda ya halarci Mãe Menininha's ''Terreiro''), Gal Costa (wanda aka fara zuwa Orisha Babalú-Ayé), Mestre Didi (ɗan Frealorishá Senho), [[Antonio Risério]], Caribé (mai zane-zane), <ref>{{Cite web |last=Guimarães |first=Julia |date=2007-02-28 |title=A ialorixá do Brasil |url=https://www.otempo.com.br/entretenimento/magazine/a-ialorixa-do-brasil-1.315900 |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=O Tempo}}</ref> da Fernando Co).<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Franco |first=Tasso |date=2013-10-06 |title=Filho de Mãe Senhora, mestre DIDI morre aos 95 anos de idade |url=https://www.bahiaja.com.br/cultura/noticia/2013/10/06/filho-de-mae-senhora-mestre-didi-morre-aos-95-anos-de-idade,65019,0.html |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=BahiaJá}}</ref> [[Fayil:Candomble_Pernambuco.jpg|thumb|An zubar da Candomblé a Pernambuco.]] === Addinai na Afirka da Brazil === * [[Babaçuê]] - Pará;<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Campelo |first=Marilu Márcia |last2=Luca |first2=Taissa Tavernard de |title=As duas africanidades estabelecidas no Pará |url=https://www.unicamp.br/~aulas/Conjunto%20II/4_13.pdf |journal=Revista Aulas |volume=4}}</ref> * Batuque - Rio Grande do Sul;<ref>{{Cite web |last=Charles |first=Hungbono |date=2016-10-26 |title=O Batuque do Rio Grande do Sul – Uma religião de Orixás |url=https://ocandomble.com/2016/10/26/o-batuque-do-rio-grande-do-sul-uma-religiao-de-orixas/}}</ref> * [[Cabula]] - Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro da Santa Catarina; <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nogueira |first=Guilherme Dantas |last2=Nogueira |first2=Nilo Sérgio |title=EU CANGIRA, DEIXA A GIRA GIRAR: A CABULA CAPIXABA E SEUS VESTÍGIOS EM MINAS GERAIS |url=https://periodicos.unb.br/index.php/revistacalundu/article/download/7634/6303/13250 |journal=Revista Calundu |volume=1 |issue=2 |pages=71–90}}</ref> * Candomblé - A duk jihohin Brazil; * [[Egungun cult|Addinin Egungun]] - Bahia, Rio de Janeiro da São Paulo;<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-07-25 |title=O Culto dos Ancestrais – Egungun |url=https://ocandomble.com/2017/07/25/o-culto-dos-ancestrais-egungun/ |access-date=2023-08-16}}</ref> * [[Ifá]] Cult - Bahia, Rio de Janeiro da São Paulo;<ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-02-18 |title=Religiões Afro-Brasileiras |url=http://deusesehomens.com.br/religioes/afro-brasileiras/item/205-religioes-afro-brasileiras |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Deuses & Homens}}</ref> * Macumba - Rio de Janeiro;<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Britto |first=Rossana |last2=Tardock |first2=Luciano Campos |title=Noite na macumba: as religiões afro-brasileiras e o bailado de Eros Volusia |url=https://revistaplura.emnuvens.com.br/plura/article/download/1037/pdf_114/4264 |journal=Revista de Estudos de Religião |volume=6 |issue=2 |pages=307–319}}</ref> * [[Omoloko]] - Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais da São Paulo; <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Silva |first=Walerson Fernandes da |title=O CULTO OMOLOKÔ E SUA RELAÇÃO COM A UMBANDA E O CANDOMBLÉ |url=https://www.ufjf.br/bach/files/2016/10/WALERSON-FERNANDES-DA-SILVA.pdf |journal=UFJF}}</ref> * Kimbanda - Rio de Janeiro da São Paulo;<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-12-11 |title=Religiões afro-brasileiras derivam de crenças de mais de 4 séculos |url=http://www.morcegada.unir.br/?p=708 |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Morcegada |archive-date=2023-08-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230816162500/http://www.morcegada.unir.br/?p=708 |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Tambor na Mina - Maranhão da Pará;<ref name=":1"/> * [[Terecô]] - Maranhão; <ref>{{Cite web |last=Carvalho |first=Cleide |date=6 April 2013 |title=Codó, no Maranhão, é a terra dos pais de santo |url=https://oglobo.globo.com/politica/codo-no-maranhao-a-terra-dos-pais-de-santo-8043533 |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=G1}}</ref> * Umbanda - A duk jihohin Brazil;<ref name=":1" /> * Xambá - Alagoas da Pernambuco;<ref>{{Cite web |last=Iglesia |first=Marcus |date=2018-12-03 |title=Território da ancestralidade africana, Nação Xambá é patrimônio vivo de Pernambuco |url=https://www.cultura.pe.gov.br/canal/patrimonio-cultural-3/territorio-da-ancestralidade-africana-nacao-xamba-e-patrimonio-vivo-de-pernambuco/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Portal Cultura }}{{Dead link|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> * Xangô na Arewa maso gabas - Paraíba, Pernambuco, Alagoas da Sergipe;<ref name=":2"/> * Ƙungiyoyin; * Sisterhood of Our Lady of the Good Death;<ref name=":3"/> * Sisterhood of Our Lady of the Rosary of the Black Men;<ref name=":4"/> * Syncretism;<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-04-18 |title=Qual a ligação entre os santos católicos e os orixás? |url=https://super.abril.com.br/mundo-estranho/qual-a-ligacao-entre-os-santos-catolicos-e-os-orixas |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Super Interessante}}</ref> == Fasaha == [[Fayil:Neide_da_Costa.jpeg|thumb|Mai yin gyare-gyare na Ilê Axé Opô Afonjá candomblé ''Terreiro'' a Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.]] Alaká na Afirka, wanda aka sani a Brazil da pano-da-costa, masu saƙa ne na Ilê Axé Opô Afonjá candomblé ''Terreiro'' a Salvador, a cikin sararin da ake kira Casa do Alaká . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Casa do Alaká |url=http://casadoalaka.com/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071008082253/http://casadoalaka.com/ |archive-date=2007-10-08 |access-date=2008-09-01}}</ref> Mestre Didi, [[Alapini]] (babban firist) na addinin Egungun da [[Açobá|Azobá]] (babban Firist) na Addinin Babalú-Ayé da Orishas na duniya, shi ma masassaƙi ne kuma aikinsa gaba ɗaya yana mai da hankali kan tatsuniyoyin [[Yarbawa|Yoruba]] da fasaha.<ref name=":5"/> A cikin zane, masu zane-zane da masu zanen kaya da yawa sun sadaukar da kansu don nuna kyawawan candomblé, umbanda da batuque a kan zane-zanen su. Ɗaya daga cikinsu shine mai zane-zane da mai zane-zanen Argentina Carybé, wanda ya sadaukar da yawancin rayuwarsa a Brazil yana zane-zane kuma yana fentin Orishas da bukukuwa har zuwa cikakkun bayanai. Ana iya ganin siffofinsa a Gidan Tarihin Afro-Brazilian kuma an buga wani ɓangare na aikinsa a cikin littattafai.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Silva |first=Vagner Gonçalves da |date=2012 |title=Artes do axé. O sagrado afro-brasileiro na obra de Carybé |journal=Ponto Urbe |volume=10 |issue=10 |doi=10.4000/pontourbe.1267 |doi-access=free}}</ref> A cikin daukar hoto, Faransanci Pierre Fatumbi Verger, wanda ya ziyarci Bahia a 1946 kuma ya kasance har zuwa ranar ƙarshe ta rayuwarsa, ya nuna mutanen Brazil da duk nuances na candomblé a baki da fari. Baya ga daukar hoto, ya zama wani ɓangare na addini, a Brazil da [[Afirka]], inda aka fara shi a matsayin Babalawo, da kuma fara [[Pierre Verger Foundation|Gidauniyar Pierre Verger]] a Salvador, inda duk tarin hotunansa yake.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Souty |first=Jérôme |title=IMAGEM, ORALIDADE E ESCRITA: UMA ANÁLISE DA TRAJETÓRIA DE PIERRE FATUMBI VERGER |url=https://www.scielo.br/j/afro/a/z7cQp4dB7LXDH4jXmf5L5Yz/?lang=pt&format=pdf |journal=Afro-Ásia |volume=45 |pages=185–194}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Pierre Verger pela cidade |url=https://www.salvadordabahia.com/roteiros/pierre-verger-pela-cidade/ |access-date=2023-08-16}}</ref> == Abincin == <nowiki><i id="mwAco">feijoada</i></nowiki> na Brazil, wanda ake la'akari da abincin ƙasa na Brazil, ana yawan ambaton shi azaman halittar bayi, tunda ana iya kirkirar shi a cikin ''[[Senzala|senzalas]]''. A zamanin yau, duk da haka, ana ɗaukar ''feijoada'' na Brazil a matsayin daidaitawa na wurare masu zafi na ''feijoada'' ta Portuguese wanda ba a saba ba da shi ga bayi ba. Duk da haka, abincin yankin Brazil ya sami rinjaye sosai daga abincin Afirka, gauraye da abubuwan abinci na Turai da na asali.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-05-09 |title=Origem da Feijoada e sua História: Você tem certeza que ela nasceu nas senzalas? |url=https://fundacaocargill.org.br/historia-da-feijoada/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Fundação Cargill}}</ref> Abinci na Bahia shine wanda ya fi nuna tasirin Afirka a cikin abincin da ya dace kamar ''[[Ƙosai|Acarajé]]'', ''caruru'', ''vatapá'' da ''moqueca''. Ana shirya waɗannan jita-jita da [[Manja|Man dabino]], wanda aka cire daga itacen dabino na Afirka da aka kawo Brazil a zamanin mulkin mallaka. A Bahia, akwai hanyoyi biyu don shirya waɗannan girke-girke. A hanya mai sauƙi, abincin ba ya ƙunshe da kayan yaji da yawa kuma ana yin su a cikin candomblé terreiros don a miƙa wa orishas. A wata hanya, ana amfani da shi a waje da terreiros, ana shirya abinci tare da kayan yaji da yawa kuma sun fi ɗanɗano, ana sayar da su ta baianas do acarajé kuma ana ɗanɗana su a gidajen cin abinci da gidaje.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=França |first=Érico da Silva |title=A FORMAÇÃO DA "CULINÁRIA BAIANA": SOB UMA ÓTICA "AFRICANA" |url=http://snh2013.anpuh.org/resources/anais/35/1397424147_ARQUIVO_AFORMACAODACULINARIABAIANA.pdf |journal=ANPUH |volume=10}}</ref> == Waƙoƙi == {{Main|Afro-Brazilian music}} Waƙoƙin da Afro-Brazilians suka kirkira haɗuwa ne da tasirin daga ko'ina cikin Afirka ta kudu da Sahara tare da abubuwa na Portuguese kuma, zuwa ƙarami, kiɗa na asali, wanda ya samar da nau'o'i daban-daban. Kyakkyawan kiɗa na Brazil yana da tasiri sosai daga rhythms na Afirka; shahararrun nau'ikan sune samba, [[marabaixo]], maracatu, [[Ijexá (rhytm)|ijexá]], [[Coco (dance)|koko]], jongo, carimbó, lambada, maxixe, Maculelê.<ref name=":7">{{Cite web |date=2023-05-29 |title=Maracatu: Um ritmo musical e uma forma de manifestação cultural tradicional de Pernambuco |url=https://sopacultural.com/maracatu-um-ritmo-musical-e-uma-forma-de-manifestacao-cultural-tradicional-de-pernambuco/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Sopa Cultural}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://sopacultural.com/maracatu-um-ritmo-musical-e-uma-forma-de-manifestacao-cultural-tradicional-de-pernambuco/ "Maracatu: Um ritmo musical e uma forma de manifestação cultural tradicional de Pernambuco"]. ''Sopa Cultural''. 2023-05-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-08-16</span></span>.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-01-27 |title=Jongo, expressão da cultura afro-brasileira |url=https://www.multirio.rj.gov.br/index.php/reportagens/8637-jongo-expressao-da-cultura-afro-brasileira |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=MultiRio}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-12-04 |title=Maxixe – Conheça a origem e história do Tango Brasileiro! |url=https://terravistabrasil.com.br/maxixe/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Terravista Brasil |archive-date=2023-08-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230816162508/https://terravistabrasil.com.br/maxixe/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-01-14 |title=Carimbó: ritmo de herança afro-indígena é tradição no Pará |url=https://noticias.uol.com.br/ultimas-noticias/rfi/2022/01/14/carimbo-ritmo-de-heranca-afro-indigena-e-tradicao-no-para.htm |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=UOL}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-04-17 |title=O que é o Maculele |url=https://www.capoeiranossanacao.com.br/o-que-e-o-maculele/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Capoeira Nossa Nação}}</ref> Kamar yadda ya faru a duk yankunan Amurka inda bayi na Afirka suka kasance, an yi watsi da kiɗan da 'yan Afirka suka yi da farko kuma an ware shi, har sai ya sami sananne a farkon karni na 20 kuma ya zama mafi mashahuri a yau.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kuehn |first=Frank |date=January 2002 |title=ESTUDO ACERCA DOS ELEMENTOS AFRO-BRASILEIROS DO CANDOMBLÉ NAS LETRAS E MÚSICAS DE VINÍCIUS DE MORAES E BADEN POWELL: os "Afro-Sambas". |url=https://www.academia.edu/685708 |journal=Terceiro Colóquio de Pesquisa da Pós-Graduação em Música, Escola de Música |pages=94–103}}</ref> === Kayan kida na Afirka da Brazil === * Rashin jin daɗi;<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |title=Instrumentos Musicais Africanos |url=https://brasilescola.uol.com.br/geografia/instrumentos-musicais-africanos.htm |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Brasil Escola}}</ref> * Agogô;<ref name=":6" /> * Alfaia;<ref>{{Cite web |title=Alfaia |url=http://www.percussionista.com.br/instrumentos/alfaia.htm |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Percussionista}}</ref> * Ya kai Harin;<ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-03-15 |title=A História do Atabaque |url=http://casademiguelarcanjo.com.br/orixas/a-historia-do-atabaque/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Casa de Miguel }}{{Dead link|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> * Berimbau;<ref name=":6" /> * [[Ganga|Drum]];<ref name=":6" /> == Dubi kuma == * Al'adun Afirka a Rio Grande do Sul * Quilombo * Tarihin Afirka da Brazil == Bayanan da aka ambata == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] rzglniavr36n1mybp2m311yoccnjk1r 0 105141 878732 660542 2026-07-07T22:13:42Z Nnamadee 31123 878732 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Labubu''' (Sinanci: 拉布布) alama ce ta kayan wasa ne masu ban sha'awa da aka kirkira ta [[Hong Kong]]-[[Beljik|Belgian]] mai zanen {{Interlanguage link|Kasing Lung|zh|龍家昇}} (Sinansi: 龍家昇 <ref name="inv-lung">{{Cite web |title=Lot 311: 龍家昇 Kasing Lung(Hong Kong) |url=https://www.invaluable.com/auction-lot/kasing-lung-hong-kong-311-c-a8747dcb6a |access-date=28 May 2025 |website=Invaluable}}</ref>) kuma ana tallata su kuma ana sayar da su ne kawai a kantin sayar da su Pop Mart .<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |last=Cheung |first=Adam. |date=30 April 2025 |title="I was told they were sold out. I always wanted one immediately": Why countless guys are obsessed with those weird and wild Labubu dolls |url=https://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/article/what-are-labubu-dolls |access-date=30 April 2025 |website=[[British GQ]] |language=en}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Tabiolo |first=Jewil Anne M. |date=19 October 2024 |title=All You Need to Know:Labubu 'hottest collectible' right now |url=https://www.sunstar.com.ph/cebu/all-you-need-to-know-labubu-hottest-collectible-right-no |access-date=19 November 2024 |website=[[SunStar]] |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Fernando |first=Jeff |date=23 October 2024 |title=Labubu mania sweeps the Philippines: Celebrities can't get enough of these whimsical toys |url=https://tribune.net.ph/2024/10/22/labubu-mania-sweeps-the-philippines-celebrities-cant-get-enough-of-these-whimsical-toys |access-date=19 November 2024 |website=[[Daily Tribune (Philippines)|Daily Tribune]] |language=en}}</ref> ''Labubu'' kuma shine sunan babban hali a cikin jerin. == Tarihi == Labubu ya fara ne a matsayin hali wanda Kasing Lung acikin shekara ta (1972-),<ref name="gallery-kaikaikiki_bio_kasing-lung">{{Cite web |title=Kasing Lung Biography |url=https://en.gallery-kaikaikiki.com/2020/10/bio_kasing-lung/ |access-date=28 May 2025 |website=[[Kaikai Kiki]] Gallery}}</ref> mai zane-zane da aka haifa acikin Hong Kong wanda ya girma a Utrecht, [[Holand|Netherlands]], wanda daga baya ya zauna a [[Birnin Antwerp|Antwerp]], [[Beljik|Belgium]]. Labubu ya kasance wani ɓangare na jerin labarun Lung The Monsters, wanda ya sami rinjaye daga al'adun Nordic da [[Camfi|tatsuniyoyi]] da ya ji daɗi a lokacin yaro. <ref name="CNA">{{Cite web |last=Sukri |first=Hazeeq |date=26 September 2024 |title=4 things to know about Labubu, the popular Pop Mart figure with fans including Blackpink's Lisa |url=https://cnalifestyle.channelnewsasia.com/trending/things-know-about-labubu-pop-mart-409246 |access-date=18 May 2025 |publisher=[[Channel News Asia|CNA]] Lifestyle}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Surbano |first=Eric E. |date=21 September 2024 |title=Decoding the Labubu hype from its origins to creator and celebrity endorsements |url=https://www.prestigeonline.com/my/lifestyle/culture-plus-entertainment/what-is-labubu-faq-where-to-buy-origins-price-kasing-lung-lalisa-manobal/ |access-date=19 November 2024 |website=Prestige Online - Malaysia |language=en-MY}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Fernando |first=Jeff |date=23 October 2024 |title=Labubu mania sweeps the Philippines: Celebrities can't get enough of these whimsical toys |url=https://tribune.net.ph/2024/10/22/labubu-mania-sweeps-the-philippines-celebrities-cant-get-enough-of-these-whimsical-toys |access-date=19 November 2024 |website=[[Daily Tribune (Philippines)|Daily Tribune]] |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFFernando2024">Fernando, Jeff (23 October 2024). [https://tribune.net.ph/2024/10/22/labubu-mania-sweeps-the-philippines-celebrities-cant-get-enough-of-these-whimsical-toys "Labubu mania sweeps the Philippines: Celebrities can't get enough of these whimsical toys"]. ''[[Daily Tribune (Philippines)|Daily Tribune]]''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> An fara gabatar da Labubu acikin shekarar 2015 <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Fernando |first=Jeff |date=23 October 2024 |title=Labubu mania sweeps the Philippines: Celebrities can't get enough of these whimsical toys |url=https://tribune.net.ph/2024/10/22/labubu-mania-sweeps-the-philippines-celebrities-cant-get-enough-of-these-whimsical-toys |access-date=19 November 2024 |website=[[Daily Tribune (Philippines)|Daily Tribune]] |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFFernando2024">Fernando, Jeff (23 October 2024). [https://tribune.net.ph/2024/10/22/labubu-mania-sweeps-the-philippines-celebrities-cant-get-enough-of-these-whimsical-toys "Labubu mania sweeps the Philippines: Celebrities can't get enough of these whimsical toys"]. ''[[Daily Tribune (Philippines)|Daily Tribune]]''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> tare da siffofin "Monsters" da kamfanin How2Work ya samar; abin wasa ya sami karbuwa sosai acikin shekarar 2019 biyo bayan hadin gwiwa tare da Pop Mart.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |last=Cheung |first=Adam. |date=30 April 2025 |title="I was told they were sold out. I always wanted one immediately": Why countless guys are obsessed with those weird and wild Labubu dolls |url=https://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/article/what-are-labubu-dolls |access-date=30 April 2025 |website=[[British GQ]] |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFCheung2025">Cheung, Adam. (30 April 2025). [https://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/article/what-are-labubu-dolls ""I was told they were sold out. I always wanted one immediately": Why countless guys are obsessed with those weird and wild Labubu dolls"]. ''[[British GQ]]''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 April</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref><ref name=":5" /> Wannan haɗin gwiwar ya haɓaka shahararren Labubu tsakanin masu tarawa. Ya zuwa cikin shekara ta 2025, Labubu ya saki fiye da siffofi 300 daban-daban na Labubu, wanda ya kasance girman da farashi, daga $ 15 don adadi na vinyl mai inci takwas (3 in) zuwa $ 960 don fitowar "mega" mai inci 79.<ref name=":8">{{Cite web |last=Corsillo |first=Liza |date=12 June 2025 |title=The Confused Aunt's Guide to Labubu |url=https://nymag.com/strategist/article/labubu-explainer-2025.html |access-date=18 June 2025 |website=[[The Strategist]] |language=en}}</ref> A watan Yuni, an sayar da Labubu mai tsayi 1.2 (4 na mint-kore don $ 170,000 a farkon gwanin Labubu da aka gudanar a Beijing.<ref name=":9">{{Cite web |last=Gulino |first=Elizabeth |date=11 June 2025 |title=Would You Pay $170,000 for a Labubu? |url=https://www.thecut.com/article/labubu-doll-auction-beijing-china.html |access-date=18 June 2025 |website=[[TheCut.com]] |language=en}}</ref> == Tsarin == [[Fayil:Pop_Mart_store_at_Lize_Paradise_Walk_(20210911185655).jpg|thumb|Pop Mart ta sayar da 'yan tsana na Labubu tun daga cikin shekarar 2019.]] An bayyana Labubus a matsayin mai ban sha'awa amma dan kadan mai tsananin fuska, wanda ke nuna zagaye, jiki mai gashi, idanu masu faɗi, kunnuwa masu kaifi,<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Bharade |first=Aditi |last2=Liam |first2=Erin |date=15 November 2024 |title=A fluffy, $85 toy is taking Asia by storm and sparking legions of knockoffs. Inside the meteoric rise of Labubu. |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/inside-rise-labubu-monsters-popmart-toy-adults-china-sold-out-2024-11 |access-date=19 November 2024 |website=[[Business Insider]] |language=en-US}}</ref> da hakora tara masu kaifi waɗanda ke samar da murmushi mai banƙyama.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Tabiolo |first=Jewil Anne M. |date=19 October 2024 |title=All You Need to Know:Labubu 'hottest collectible' right now |url=https://www.sunstar.com.ph/cebu/all-you-need-to-know-labubu-hottest-collectible-right-no |access-date=19 November 2024 |website=[[SunStar]] |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFTabiolo2024">Tabiolo, Jewil Anne M. (19 October 2024). [https://www.sunstar.com.ph/cebu/all-you-need-to-know-labubu-hottest-collectible-right-no "All You Need to Know:Labubu 'hottest collectible' right now"]. ''[[SunStar]]''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Surbano |first=Eric E. |date=21 September 2024 |title=Decoding the Labubu hype from its origins to creator and celebrity endorsements |url=https://www.prestigeonline.com/my/lifestyle/culture-plus-entertainment/what-is-labubu-faq-where-to-buy-origins-price-kasing-lung-lalisa-manobal/ |access-date=19 November 2024 |website=Prestige Online - Malaysia |language=en-MY}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFSurbano2024">Surbano, Eric E. (21 September 2024). [https://www.prestigeonline.com/my/lifestyle/culture-plus-entertainment/what-is-labubu-faq-where-to-buy-origins-price-kasing-lung-lalisa-manobal/ "Decoding the Labubu hype from its origins to creator and celebrity endorsements"]. ''Prestige Online - Malaysia''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> Baya ga Labubu kanta, wasu adadi suma suna cikin "ƙabilar" da ake kira "The Monsters", gami da haruffa Mokoko, Pato, Spooky, Tycoco (sauraron Labubu mai kama da kwarangwal), da Zimomo (shugaban Monsters, tare da wutsiya mai tsayi).<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Bargeron |first=Sadie |title=Blackpink's Lisa's favorite Pop Mart toy Labubu causes global mania |url=https://jingdaily.com/posts/from-bangkok-to-la-how-the-world-caught-labubu-mania |access-date=19 November 2024 |website=JingDaily.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Zachariah |first=Natasha Ann |date=14 November 2024 |title=Going ga-ga over Labubu: The toy that has fans fighting, faking and stealing it |url=https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/going-ga-ga-over-labubu-the-toy-that-has-fans-fighting-faking-and-stealing-it |access-date=19 November 2024 |website=[[The Straits Times]]}}</ref> An samar da 'yan tsana tare da bayyanuwa iri-iri.<ref name=":1" /><ref name="nyt-gupta-25" /> Layin maɓallin Labubu na farko, mai taken "Exciting Macaron" (Sinanci: 心動馬卡龍), an sake shi acikin watan Oktoban na shekara ta 2023. Sauran tarin sun hada da "Fall in Wild", layin mutum bakwai "Ka sami kujerar" (Sinanci: 坐坐派對),<ref name="nyt-gupta-25" /> da kuma "Babban cikin Makamashi" (Sidanci: 大動力 jerin).<ref name="mash-bell-25">{{Cite web |last=Bell |first=Crystal |date=22 May 2025 |title=The cult and community of Labubu |url=https://mashable.com/article/labubu-internet-craze-community |access-date=28 May 2025 |publisher=[[Mashable]]}}</ref> Pop Mart ya kuma yi aiki tare da nau'ikan daban-daban, samar da jerin akwatin makafi na hunturu mai taken [[Coca-cola|Coca-Cola]] na goma sha ɗaya Labubus a ƙarshen shekara ta 2024<ref name="sd-james-24">{{Cite web |last=James |first=Jesse |date=9 December 2024 |title=Pop Mart and Coca-Cola Unite for The Monsters Collection: A Must-Have for Collectors |url=https://stupiddope.com/2024/12/pop-mart-and-coca-cola-unite-for-the-monsters-collection-a-must-have-for-collectors/ |access-date=27 May 2025 |website=Stupid Dope}}</ref> da kuma layin siffofi 13 na The Monsters da aka sake tunanin su a matsayin haruffa daga manga da anime One Piece a farkon 2025.<ref name="prestige-muliani-25">{{Cite web |last=Muliani |first=Johanna |date=10 March 2025 |title=How to purchase the Monsters x "One Piece" and Labubu collection in Singapore |url=https://www.prestigeonline.com/id/pursuits/entertainment/labubu-and-the-monsters-one-piece-collaboration-2025/ |access-date=27 May 2025 |website=Prestige Online}}</ref> Sauran adadi an sake su ne kawai a gidajen tarihi daban-daban, kamar jerin "Labubu's Artistic Quest" da aka sayar a shagon Pop Mart a Louvre a Paris.<ref name="mash-bell-25">{{Cite web |last=Bell |first=Crystal |date=22 May 2025 |title=The cult and community of Labubu |url=https://mashable.com/article/labubu-internet-craze-community |access-date=28 May 2025 |publisher=[[Mashable]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFBell2025">Bell, Crystal (22 May 2025). [https://mashable.com/article/labubu-internet-craze-community "The cult and community of Labubu"]. [[Mashable]]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 May</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref><ref name="pop-mart-pr-24">{{Cite web |date=30 July 2024 |title=Pop Mart: Unveiling an Innovative Retail Experience at the Louvre |url=https://en.prnasia.com/releases/global/pop-mart-unveiling-an-innovative-retail-experience-at-the-louvre-455761.shtml |access-date=28 May 2025 |publisher=[[PR Newswire]]}}</ref> === Akwatin makafi === Sau da yawa ana sayar da adadi na Labubu a cikin akwatunan makafi, waɗanda aka tattara cikin layi, waɗanda ke ƙunshe da kayan wasa da aka zaɓa a bazuwar daga wannan jerin.<ref name="Vogue">{{Cite web |last=Maguire |first=Lucy |date=30 April 2025 |title=Labubus, Jellycats and Crybaby: Why are toys going viral in 2025? |url=https://www.voguebusiness.com/story/fashion/labubus-jellycats-and-crybaby-why-are-toys-going-viral-in-2025 |access-date=18 May 2025 |publisher=[[Vogue Business]]}}</ref> Jerin sau da yawa suna ƙunshe da adadi mai ban sha'awa "asirin" ban da ƙirar da aka tallata.<ref name="mash-bell-25">{{Cite web |last=Bell |first=Crystal |date=22 May 2025 |title=The cult and community of Labubu |url=https://mashable.com/article/labubu-internet-craze-community |access-date=28 May 2025 |publisher=[[Mashable]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFBell2025">Bell, Crystal (22 May 2025). [https://mashable.com/article/labubu-internet-craze-community "The cult and community of Labubu"]. [[Mashable]]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 May</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> == Karɓar baƙi == Abin wasa ya sami kulawa sosai a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2024 bayan an hango memba na K-pop Blackpink Lisa tare da maɓallin Labubu a kan jaka.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |last=Cheung |first=Adam. |date=30 April 2025 |title="I was told they were sold out. I always wanted one immediately": Why countless guys are obsessed with those weird and wild Labubu dolls |url=https://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/article/what-are-labubu-dolls |access-date=30 April 2025 |website=[[British GQ]] |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFCheung2025">Cheung, Adam. (30 April 2025). [https://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/article/what-are-labubu-dolls ""I was told they were sold out. I always wanted one immediately": Why countless guys are obsessed with those weird and wild Labubu dolls"]. ''[[British GQ]]''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 April</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Chang |first=Andrea |date=5 November 2024 |title=Overnight lines, mall fights and instant sellouts: Labubu toy mania comes to America |url=https://www.latimes.com/business/story/2024-11-05/labubu-craze |access-date=19 November 2024 |website=[[Los Angeles Times]] |language=en-US}}</ref> Wannan ya haifar da yanayin da ya ba da gudummawa ga karuwar karuwar karbuwa a [[Tailan|Thailand]] da sauran sassan Kudu maso gabas da Gabashin Asiya.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Tabiolo |first=Jewil Anne M. |date=19 October 2024 |title=All You Need to Know:Labubu 'hottest collectible' right now |url=https://www.sunstar.com.ph/cebu/all-you-need-to-know-labubu-hottest-collectible-right-no |access-date=19 November 2024 |website=[[SunStar]] |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFTabiolo2024">Tabiolo, Jewil Anne M. (19 October 2024). [https://www.sunstar.com.ph/cebu/all-you-need-to-know-labubu-hottest-collectible-right-no "All You Need to Know:Labubu 'hottest collectible' right now"]. ''[[SunStar]]''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> Liza Corsillo ta New York Magazine ta rubuta cewa "roƙon kayan wasa yana motsawa ta hanyar kyawawan abubuwan da ke da wuyar bayyanawa - suna da mummunan abu, amma ana iya rungumar su, tare da murmushi mai ban sha'awa - da kuma mamaki da ƙarancin. " Ta kuma rubuta cewa, kamar Jellycat da sauran kayan kwalliya da ake nema, Labubus ya ɓoye "layin tsakanin kayan wasa da kayan kwalliya". Ta lura cewa magoya baya suna son saukin su, kamar yadda za a iya yanke su zuwa jaka ko jakar baya.<ref name=":8">{{Cite web |last=Corsillo |first=Liza |date=12 June 2025 |title=The Confused Aunt's Guide to Labubu |url=https://nymag.com/strategist/article/labubu-explainer-2025.html |access-date=18 June 2025 |website=[[The Strategist]] |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFCorsillo2025">Corsillo, Liza (12 June 2025). [https://nymag.com/strategist/article/labubu-explainer-2025.html "The Confused Aunt's Guide to Labubu"]. ''[[The Strategist]]''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 June</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> Bukatar Labubus ta isa ta rushe shafin yanar gizon a kalla sau ɗaya.<ref name=":8">{{Cite web |last=Corsillo |first=Liza |date=12 June 2025 |title=The Confused Aunt's Guide to Labubu |url=https://nymag.com/strategist/article/labubu-explainer-2025.html |access-date=18 June 2025 |website=[[The Strategist]] |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFCorsillo2025">Corsillo, Liza (12 June 2025). [https://nymag.com/strategist/article/labubu-explainer-2025.html "The Confused Aunt's Guide to Labubu"]. ''[[The Strategist]]''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 June</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> Saboda shahararren alamar, nau'ikan karya, wani lokacin ana kiransu "Lafufus," sun bayyana a kasuwa.<ref name=":9">{{Cite web |last=Gulino |first=Elizabeth |date=11 June 2025 |title=Would You Pay $170,000 for a Labubu? |url=https://www.thecut.com/article/labubu-doll-auction-beijing-china.html |access-date=18 June 2025 |website=[[TheCut.com]] |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFGulino2025">Gulino, Elizabeth (11 June 2025). [https://www.thecut.com/article/labubu-doll-auction-beijing-china.html "Would You Pay $170,000 for a Labubu?"]. ''[[TheCut.com]]''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 June</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> Hakanan ana samun kayan haɗi na karya don sayen kan layi.<ref name=":8" /> Wasu masu tarawa sun bayar da rahoton cewa sun nuna sha'awar waɗannan karya, saboda ƙirarsu ta al'ada.<ref name=":8" /> Rahoton wucin gadi na Pop Mart na ciki shekara ta 2024, wanda aka saki a ranar 20 ga watan Agusta, ya bayyana cewa layin ya samar da tallace-tallace na Yuan na kasar Sin biliyan 6.3 (kimanin dala miliyan 870) a farkon rabin shekara.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Bharade |first=Aditi |last2=Liam |first2=Erin |date=15 November 2024 |title=A fluffy, $85 toy is taking Asia by storm and sparking legions of knockoffs. Inside the meteoric rise of Labubu. |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/inside-rise-labubu-monsters-popmart-toy-adults-china-sold-out-2024-11 |access-date=19 November 2024 |website=[[Business Insider]] |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFBharadeLiam2024">Bharade, Aditi; Liam, Erin (15 November 2024). [https://www.businessinsider.com/inside-rise-labubu-monsters-popmart-toy-adults-china-sold-out-2024-11 "A fluffy, $85 toy is taking Asia by storm and sparking legions of knockoffs. Inside the meteoric rise of Labubu"]. ''[[Business Insider]]''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref>{{Spaces}}{{Spaces}} A Rasha, masu amfani da hanyar sadarwar zamantakewa sun sami kamanceceniya mai ban tsoro na Labubu da halin yankin Topple.<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 June 2025 |title=«С Чебурашкой сходство и правда есть»: композер «Киберслава» поставила точку в спорах о плагиате в истории с Лабубу |trans-title='There is a real similarity to Topple': composer of 'Kiberslav' dots argues about plagiarism in Labubu story |url=https://www.kinoafisha.info/articles/schitali-labubu-deshevoy-kopiey-cheburashki-a-zrya--kompozer-kiberslava-obyasnila-pochemu-kukla--ne-prosto-klon_id107989_a15787707/ |url-status=live |access-date=3 July 2025}}</ref> Majalisar Tarayya ta Rasha ta ba da shawarar hana sayar da Labubus. Dalilin shi ne "bayyanar tsoratarwa" da kuma yiwuwar cutar da lafiyar kwakwalwar yara.<ref name=":10">{{Cite web |date=29 May 2025 |title=В России предложили запретить модные фигурки Лабубу — сенатор считает их вредными для психики |trans-title=Russia proposes banning fashionable Labubu figurines — senator believes they are harmful to the psyche |url=https://kanobu.ru/news/v-rossii-predlozhili-zapretit-modnyie-figurki-labubu-senator-schitaet-ih-vrednyimi-dlya-psihiki-501216/ |access-date=19 June 2025 |website=Kanobu.ru |language=ru}}</ref> A Rasha, [[Ekaterina Altabaeva]], mataimakiyar shugaban [[Committee on Science, Education and Culture|Kwamitin Kimiyya, Ilimi da Al'adu]], ta bayyana cewa adadi yana sa yara su ji tsoro. Ta yi kira ga Rospotrebnadzor da Rosobrnadzor da suyi la'akari da haramta su.<ref name=":10" /> Tatyana Butskaya, mataimakin shugaban kwamitin Duma ta Jiha kan kare iyali, ya ba da rahoton cewa ana sayar da Labubus a Rasha ta hanyar keta ka'idoji. A cewarta, babu kalma ɗaya a cikin Rasha a kan kayan wasa, kuma alamar ba ta nuna cewa an ƙera su a Rasha ba.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Роскачество начало проверку Labubu. Из-за их огромной популярности в Думе готовят законопроект о «правильных игрушках» |trans-title=Roskachestvo has begun an inspection of Labubu. Due to their huge popularity, the Duma is preparing a bill on "correct toys" |url=https://www.pravilamag.ru/news/society-news/01-06-2025/750579-roskachestvo-nachalo-proverku-labubu-iz-za-ih-ogromnoi-populyarnosti-v-dume-gotovyat-zakonoproekt-o-pravilnyh-igrushkah/ |access-date=19 June 2025 |website=Pravilamag.ru |language=ru-RU}}</ref> Koyaya, masana'antar ba ta sanya kayan wasa a matsayin kayan wasa na yara ba: yana da iyakar shekaru 15.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 June 2025 |title=«Уродский» тренд с парижскими корнями: как Лабубу продают на миллиарды и при чем тут Лиса из BLACKPINK |trans-title=The "ugly" trend with Parisian roots: how Laboubu is sold for billions and what does BLACKPINK's Lisa have to do with it |url=https://rtvi.us/culture/urodskij-trend-s-parizhskimi-kornyami-kak-labubu-prodayut-na-milliardy-i-pri-chem-tut-lisa-iz-blackpink/ |access-date=19 June 2025 |website=[[RTVI.us]] |language=ru}}</ref> == Labarai == === Amulets na Thai === A cikin shekara ta 2024, saboda shahararren kwayar cutar Labubu a Thailand, yawancin Thais sun fara gaskata cewa hotonsa na iya kawo wadata da wadata. A sakamakon haka, an sanya shi a cikin amulet na Buddha da tattoos masu tsarki (''Sak yant'').<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=19 May 2024 |title=ยันต์ลาบูบู้ เรียกทรัพย์ เมินดราม่าสายมูต่อแถวรอสัก ย้ำซอฟต์พาวเวอร์คนจีนชอบ |url=https://www.thairath.co.th/scoop/interview/2786767 |access-date= |website= |publisher=Thairath |quote=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=21 May 2024 |title=พระพยอมติงยันต์ลาบูบู้ เหมือนเอาของบูชามาเป็นของเล่น |url=https://www.ch7.com/sports/728236 |access-date= |website=ช่อง 7HD |publisher= |quote=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=26 July 2024 |title=冷门IP, 在外国意外爆火成财神? |url=https://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_28191729 |access-date= |website=[[澎湃新闻]] |publisher=印客美学 |quote=}}</ref> === Ci gaba ta siyasa === A cikin watan Satumban shekara ta 2024, ƙungiyar People's Action Party (PAP) Sengkang a [[Singafora|Singapore]] ta gudanar da taron rarraba kayan masarufi ga manyan 'yan ƙasa a Compassvale Crescent, Sengkang . A lokacin taron, an gabatar da maɓallin Labubu mai laushi da aka yi wa ado da fararen rigar da ke dauke da tambarin PAP. Lam Pin Min, shugaban reshen PAP Sengkang West, ya raba hotuna a kan kafofin sada zumunta na yar tsana da ke shiga cikin taron, yana bayyana shi a matsayin "mafi kyawun mai sa kai". Yarinyar ta bayyana a cikin hoton hukuma na kungiyar kuma an nuna ta a cikin bidiyon [[TikTok]] na gaba.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Chua |first=Ilyda |title=PAP Sengkang team debuts PAP Labubu doll during senior citizen grocery drive |url=https://mothership.sg/2024/09/pap-sengkang-team-labubu-doll/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250122034302/https://mothership.sg/2024/09/pap-sengkang-team-labubu-doll/ |archive-date=22 January 2025 |access-date=25 June 2025 |website=mothership.sg |language=en}}</ref> === Bikin Alloli tara na Sarkin sarakuna === A cikin watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2024, a lokacin bikin gumakan sarki tara, Haikali na Ling Lian Bao Dian na Singapore ya gabatar da abubuwan wasa masu tarawa a karon farko a kokarin jan hankalin matasa ga ayyukan addini na gargajiya. An yi ado da siffofi hudu na Labubu a matsayin masu ibada, a cikin fararen tufafi, fararen hular, da sashes masu launin rawaya, kuma sun shiga cikin bukukuwan. Wannan yunkurin ya jawo hankali da muhawara a kafofin sada zumunta. Duk da yake wasu sun yaba da ra'ayin a matsayin kyakkyawa da kuma al'adun al'adu, wasu sun yi tambaya ko rashin girmamawa ga alloli. Haikalin ya bayyana cewa kayan wasa suna aiki ne kawai a matsayin "masu ibada" kuma ba a bauta musu a matsayin hadayu ba, saboda haka ba a yi niyyar rashin girmamawa ba. Bidiyo na taron ya sami babban kallo a kan kafofin sada zumunta, yana jawo matasa da yawa zuwa haikalin don ganin siffofin da kansu.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first=Ren |date=8 October 2024 |title=庙宇为吸引年轻一代 引入潮玩共庆九皇爷诞 |url=https://www.8world.com/singapore/nine-emperor-gods-festival-celebration-labubu-devotee-2585976 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241205132053/https://www.8world.com/singapore/nine-emperor-gods-festival-celebration-labubu-devotee-2585976 |archive-date=5 December 2024 |access-date=24 June 2025 |website=8world |language=zh}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Leong |first=Dana |date=7 October 2024 |title=Labubu's appearance in Nine Emperor Gods festival gets internet talking |url=https://www.asiaone.com/singapore/labubus-appearance-nine-emperor-gods-festival-gets-internet-talking |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250512072300/https://www.asiaone.com/singapore/labubus-appearance-nine-emperor-gods-festival-gets-internet-talking |archive-date=12 May 2025 |access-date=24 June 2025 |website=[[AsiaOne]]}}</ref> == Dubi kuma == == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 9vuz39swiancqgrjs8shdx2vwoe8yqn 0 105685 878844 660568 2026-07-08T09:35:05Z M Bash Ne 12403 878844 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Hassan Omar Hassan''' (an haife shi a ranar 23 ga watan Oktoban shekarar 1975), lauyan Kenya ne, mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin ɗan adam, kuma ɗan siyasa a halin yanzu yana aiki a matsayin babban sakatare na jam'iyyar United Democratic Alliance (UDA) mai mulki tun a shekarar 2024. Ya kuma kasance memba a Majalisar Dokokin Gabashin Afirka (EALA). A baya Hassan ya wakilci gundumar Mombasa a majalisar dattawan Kenya daga shekarun 2013 zuwa 2017 kuma ya riƙe manyan muƙamai a ƙawancen siyasa da dama, ciki har da zama babban sakatare na Wiper Democratic Movement. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Eli |first=Kai |date=2022-06-24 |title=Hassan Omar's Fine Handwriting Wows Netizens: "Well Decorated" - Tuko.co.ke |url=https://www.tuko.co.ke/politics/459758-hassan-omars-fine-handwriting-wows-netizens-well-decorated/ |access-date=2025-04-10 |website=www.tuko.co.ke |language=en}}</ref> Hassan ya fara aikinsa ne a matsayin shugaban ɗalibai kuma mai fafutukar siyasa a [[jami'ar Moi]], ya kuma yi fice a ƙasar a matsayin kwamishina da mataimakin shugaban [[Hukumar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta kasar Kenya.|hukumar kare hakkin bil'adama ta ƙasar Kenya]] (KNCHR), inda ya jagoranci yakin neman sauyi a fannin tsaro da kuma ɗaukar nauyin al'amura, ciki har da babban rahoton nan ''mai suna Cry of Blood''. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Omondi |first=Mercy |date=2010-01-15 |title=Hassan Omar Profile: Education Background, Family & Career |url=https://thekenyatimes.com/kenya/people/hassan-omar/ |access-date=2025-04-10 |language=en-US}}</ref> Shi ne mai karɓar lambar yabo ta Sergio Vieira de Mello a cikin shekarar 2011. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Hassan Omar awarded Polish Prize |url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/article/2000043925/hassan-omar-awarded-polish-prize |access-date=2025-04-10 |website=The Standard |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Hassan Omar Hassan a ranar 23 ga watan Oktoban shekarar 1975 a [[Mombasa]], Kenya ga Omar Hassan Sarai da Aisha Abdallah Suleiman Mazrui. Mahaifiyarsa ta kasance makusanci ga marigayi Farfesa [[Ali Mazrui]] wanda ya rinjayi tunani da tunani na matashi Hassan. Hassan ya girma a unguwar da ke da babban tarihi da wayewa na Kibokoni, Tsohon Garin a Mombasa.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Reporter |first=B. T. |date=2017-09-13 |title=Hassan Omar: Restless political tinderbox - Business Today Kenya |url=https://businesstoday.co.ke/unsettled-power-hassan-omar-hassan/ |access-date=2025-04-10 |language=en-US}}</ref> Hassan ya halarci makarantar firamare ta Mombasa kafin ya shiga makarantar Lenana don karatun sakandare. A cikin shekarar 1994, Hassan ya ɗan sami horo a matsayin jami'in sojan sama na Kenya a Kwalejin Horar da Sojoji kafin ya shiga [[Jami'ar Moi]] don karantar shari'a. A lokacin da yake jami'a, Hassan ya tsunduma cikin harkokin jagoranci ɗalibai da fafutukar siyasa, inda ya yi ayyuka daban-daban da suka haɗa da shugaban kungiyar ɗaliban jami'ar Moi, ƙungiyar ɗaliban ƙasar Kenya, da majalisar ɗaliban jami'a na gabashin Afirka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Inside Hassan Omar's CV |url=https://hivisasa.com/posts/1163-hassan-omar-sarais-incredible-cv |access-date=2025-04-10 |website=hivisasa.com}}</ref> == Shawarwarin kare haƙƙin ɗan Adam == Shigowar Hassan a fagen kare haƙƙin bil'adama ta fara ne da ƙungiyoyi irin su Majalisar Koli ta Musulmin Kenya (SUPKEM), Muslim For Human Rights (MUHURI), da Majalisar Shawarar Musulmi da dai sauransu.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2020-07-05 |title=Omar Hassan: Uhuru, Rein in the overzealous House Speaker Muturi |url=https://nation.africa/kenya/life-and-style/weekend/omar-hassan-uhuru-rein-in-the-overzealous-house-speaker-muturi-915782 |access-date=2025-04-10 |website=Nation |language=en}}</ref> Ya sami horo a Cibiyar Gwamnati ta Les Aspin da ke Washington, DC, kuma ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen bayar da shawarwari ga sauye-sauyen dimokuraɗiyya kafin [[Zaben kasa na shekarar 2002 a kasar kenya|babban zaɓen Kenya na 2002]]. A watan Janairun 2007, yana da shekaru 31, an naɗa Hassan a matsayin kwamishinan [[Hukumar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta kasar Kenya.|hukumar kare hakkin ɗan Adam ta Kenya]] (KNCHR), wanda ya sa ya zama mafi ƙarancin shekaru da aka naɗa a kwamitin tsarin mulki a Kenya. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Reporter |first=B. T. |date=2017-09-13 |title=Hassan Omar: Restless political tinderbox - Business Today Kenya |url=https://businesstoday.co.ke/unsettled-power-hassan-omar-hassan/ |access-date=2025-04-10 |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFReporter2017">Reporter, B. T. (2017-09-13). [https://businesstoday.co.ke/unsettled-power-hassan-omar-hassan/ "Hassan Omar: Restless political tinderbox - Business Today Kenya"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2025-04-10</span></span>.</cite></ref> A KNCHR, Hassan ya jagoranci yunƙurin kawo sauyi a fannin tsaro, yaƙi da cin hanci da rashawa, sa ido kan zaɓe, da kuma adalci na riƙon kwarya. An san shi da jagorantar kamfen na yaƙi da kisan gilla, musamman ma marubucin rahoton ''Cry of Blood'', wanda ya ja hankalin duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-07-03 |title=Licensed to kill: Police accused of executions |url=https://nation.africa/kenya/news/licensed-to-kill-police-accused-of-executions-560706 |access-date=2025-04-10 |website=Nation |language=en}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2011, Hassan ya sami lambar yabo ta Sergio Vieira de Mello a Poland, don karrama gudummawar da ya bayar ga fafutukar kare haƙƙin ɗan adam.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Hassan Omar awarded Polish Prize |url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/article/2000043925/hassan-omar-awarded-polish-prize |access-date=2025-04-10 |website=The Standard |language=en}}</ref> == Aikin siyasa == A watan Maris na 2013, an zaɓi Hassan ɗan majalisar dattawa a gundumar [[Mombasa]] a ƙarƙashin Wiper Democratic Movement-Kenya da Coalition for Reforms and Democracy (CORD).<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2020-07-05 |title=Omar Hassan: Uhuru, Rein in the overzealous House Speaker Muturi |url=https://nation.africa/kenya/life-and-style/weekend/omar-hassan-uhuru-rein-in-the-overzealous-house-speaker-muturi-915782 |access-date=2025-04-10 |website=Nation |language=en}}</ref> A majalisar dattijai, ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin shugaban kwamitin kula da asusun jama'a da zuba jari, kuma ya kasance memba na kwamitoci a kan harkokin shari'a, 'yancin ɗan adam, da miƙa mulki.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Omondi |first=Mercy |date=2010-01-15 |title=Hassan Omar Profile: Education Background, Family & Career |url=https://thekenyatimes.com/kenya/people/hassan-omar/ |access-date=2025-04-10 |language=en-US}}</ref> Hassan ya ɗauki nauyin kiyaye mutuncin ɗan adam da kuma tabbatar da doka ta tattalin arziki da zamantakewa (2015), da nufin aiwatar da Mataki na 43 na Kundin Tsarin Mulki akan adalci da daidaito na zamantakewa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=New bill seeks to boost livelihoods for Kenyans |url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/sports/article/2000164519/new-bill-seeks-to-boost-livelihoods-for-kenyans |access-date=2025-04-10 |website=The Standard |language=en}}</ref> Hassan ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin sakatare-janar na jam'iyyar Wiper kuma yana cikin gudanarwar CORD da National Super Alliance (NASA). A lokacin aikinsa, ya kafa Cibiyar Renaissance, cibiyar inganta maganganun jama'a, mulki, da kuma shigar da jama'a. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kwamboka |first=Lilian |title=Former Senator Hassan Omar steps down as Wiper Party Secretary General |url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/article/2001253872/former-senator-hassan-omar-steps-down-as-wiper-party-secretary-general |access-date=2025-04-10 |website=The Standard |language=en}}</ref> Hassan ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Mombasa a babban zaɓen Kenya na shekarar 2017.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Omar: Mombasa governor race will be walkover for me |url=https://hivisasa.com/posts/omar-mombasa-governor-race-will-be-walkover-for-me |access-date=2025-04-10 |website=hivisasa.com}}</ref> A shekarar 2022, an zaɓe shi a Majalisar Dokokin Gabashin Afirka (EALA), inda yake wakiltar Kenya. Hassan ya zama mataimakin shugaban jam’iyyar United Democratic Alliance (UDA) daga watan Fabrairun 2023 kuma ya karɓi muƙamin babban sakatare na jam’iyya mai mulki a ranar 2 ga watan Agustan 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tongola |first=Mate |title=Hassan Omar confirmed as new UDA Secretary-General |url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/politics/article/2001500371/hassan-omar-confirmed-as-new-uda-secretary-general |access-date=2025-04-10 |website=The Standard |language=en}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * Majalisar Dokokin Gabashin Afrika * Gundumar Mombasa * United Democratic Alliance == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1975]] s9aclfmfthhhluats3wqlrbl32n83xp 0 108692 878785 834001 2026-07-08T06:56:48Z Nura Bello 24854 878785 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:UnvergEssbar_Witzenhausen_Schaugarten_2.JPG|thumb|Garin Canji Witzenhausen]] Kalmomin garin sauyawa, '''Shirin sauyawa''' da '''Tsarin sauyawa''' suna nufin ayyukan al'umma waɗanda ke da niyyar kara wadatar kansu don rage yiwuwar tasirin man fetur, {{R|WithoutOil}} lalacewar yanayi, da rashin kwanciyar hankali na tattalin arziki {{R|guardian13}} ta hanyar sabunta dabarun yanki, musamman game da samar da abinci da amfani da [[makamashi]]. A shekara ta 2005, kafa garin Transition Town Totnes a Ingila ya zama wahayi ga wasu kungiyoyi don kafawa. An kafa kungiyar agaji ta Transition Network a farkon shekara ta 2007, don tallafawa waɗannan ayyukan. Yawancin kungiyoyin suna yin rajista a hukumance tare da Cibiyar Sadarwa.{{R|what}} An fara shirye-shiryen sauyawa a wurare a duniya, tare da mutane da yawa a Ingila da sauransu a Turai, Arewacin Amurka da Ostiraliya.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 July 2016 |title=Transition Initiatives Map - Transition Network |url=https://www.transitionnetwork.org/initiatives/map }}{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Duk da yake manufofi sun kasa iri ɗaya, hanyoyin da za a yi amfani da su na sauyawa takamaiman ne dangane da halaye na yankin.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Scott Cato |first=Molly |last2=Hillier |first2=Jean |date=2011-12-09 |title=How Could We Study Climate-Related Social Innovation? Applying Deleuzean Philosophy to the Transition Towns |language=en |location=Rochester, NY |pages=9 |ssrn=1970241}}</ref> == Magana == Kalmar, "birni mai sauyawa" ta samo asali ne daga Louise Rooney <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Local Planet – Ireland's Journal for Sustainable Living |url=https://www.localplanet.ie/?option=com_content&task=view&id=191&Itemid=49}}</ref> da Catherine Dunne . Ana iya amfani da tsarin sauyawa ga nau'ikan wurare daban-daban inda mutane ke zaune, kamar ƙauyuka, yankuna, tsibirai da garuruwa. Kalmar gaba ɗaya ita ce "ƙaddamar da sauyawa", wanda ya haɗa da unguwanni, al'ummomi, da birane, kodayake "birni na sauyawa" ana amfani dashi.<ref name="12Ingredients">{{Cite web |title=12 Ingredients |url=http://www.transitionnetwork.org/support/12-ingredients |access-date=16 March 2014 |publisher=Transition Network }}{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Tarihi == === Daga Kinsale zuwa Totnes === [[Fayil:Totnes_High_Street.jpg|right|thumb|200x200px|Totnes, Devon, Ingila: gari ne na canji]] A shekara ta 2004, mai tsara permaculture Rob Hopkins ya sa ɗalibansa a Kwalejin Ci gaba da Ilimi ta Kinsale aikin yin amfani da ka'idodin permaculture ga manufar man fetur. Sakamakon wannan aikin dalibi shine 'Kinsale Energy Descent Action Plan'. <ref name="KinsaleEDAP">{{Cite web |title=Kinsale 2021 An Energy Descent Action Plan – Version.1. 2005 |url=http://transitionculture.org/wp-content/uploads/KinsaleEnergyDescentActionPlan.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140316182454/http://transitionculture.org/wp-content/uploads/KinsaleEnergyDescentActionPlan.pdf |archive-date=16 March 2014 |access-date=16 March 2014 |publisher=Kinsale Further Education College}}</ref> Wannan, ya kalli sauye-sauye masu kirkirar abubuwa a fannonin samar da makamashi, kiwon lafiya, ilimi, tattalin arziki da noma a matsayin "map na hanya" zuwa makomar gari. Biyu daga cikin ɗalibansa, Louise Rooney da Catherine Dunne, sun haɓaka ra'ayin ''Garuruwan canji''. Daga nan sai suka gabatar da ra'ayoyinsu ga Majalisar Birnin Kinsale, inda 'yan majalisa suka yanke shawarar karɓar shirin kuma suyi aiki don samun' yancin makamashi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Transition Movement is 10 years old {{!}} Transition Black Isle |url=https://www.transitionblackisle.org/news.asp?newsid=561 |access-date=2020-10-20 |website=www.transitionblackisle.org}}</ref> Hopkins ya koma garinsu na Totnes, Ingila, inda shi da Naresh Giangrande suka haɓaka waɗannan ra'ayoyin a cikin tsarin sauyawa. A farkon shekara ta 2006, an kafa garin Transition Town Totnes kuma ya zama wahayi don kafa wasu shirye-shiryen Transition. === An kafa cibiyar sadarwa ta sauyawa === [[Fayil:Rob_Hopkins,_Transition_Network.webm|thumb|Mai tsara kayan lambu Rob Hopkins a cikin tattaunawa da Silver Donald Cameron game da garuruwan canji]] A farkon 2007, [1] Transition Network UK sadaka ta kasance tare da haɗin gwiwar malamin permaculture Rob Hopkins, Peter Lipman da Ben Brangwyn. Bisa ga Totnes, an ƙaddamar da shi don tallafawa shirye-shiryen Canjin da ke tasowa a duniya. Yana horarwa da tallafawa mutanen da ke da hannu a cikin ayyukan da kuma yada ra'ayoyin garuruwan mika mulki.[2] === Tun daga shekara ta 2008 har zuwa yau === A cikin shekara ta 2008, yawan al'ummomin da ke cikin aikin ya karu tare da yankuna da yawa a cikin aiwatar da zama "garin hukuma". Wannan kuma shine shekarar da aka buga littafin Transition Handbook. Shirin ya bazu kuma a watan Mayu na shekara ta 2010 akwai shirye-shiryen al'umma sama da 400 da aka amince da su a matsayin garuruwan canji na hukuma a Ingila, Ireland, [[Kanada]], Australia, [[New Zealand]], [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]], [[Italiya]] da [[Chile]]. Kalmar sauyawa ta zama gama gari don nuna kewayon da nau'in al'ummomin da ke ciki - misali ƙauyuka (Kinsale), unguwanni na birane (Portobello, Edinburgh), ta hanyar gundumomin majalisa (Penwith) zuwa birane da birane (Brixton).<ref>{{Cite web |date=February 2018 |title=Transition Initiatives Directory |url=http://www.transitionnetwork.org/initiatives |access-date=2025-07-29 |archive-date=2012-01-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120105164933/http://www.transitionnetwork.org/initiatives |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Portobello">{{Cite web |title=About PEDAL |url=http://www.pedal-porty.org.uk/what-is-pedal/ |access-date=16 March 2014 |publisher=Portobello Transition Town}}</ref> Ya zuwa watan Satumbar Shekarar 2013, akwai kungiyoyi 1130 da aka yi rajista (462 Official, 654 Muller) a cikin kasashe 43.<ref name="Statistics">{{Cite web |title=Transition Initiatives Directory |url=http://www.transitionnetwork.org/initiatives |access-date=16 March 2014 |publisher=Transition Network |archive-date=5 January 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120105164933/http://www.transitionnetwork.org/initiatives |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya zuwa Mayun shekarar 2024 akwai kungiyoyi 992 da aka yi rajista da kuma cibiyoyi 21 <ref name="auto">{{Cite web |date=1 February 2018 |title=Groups - Transition Hubs & Groups |url=https://transitiongroups.org/ |website=transitiongroups.org}}</ref> == Tasiri == Tasirin ya haɗa da ra'ayoyin permaculture <ref>{{Cite web |date=2010-04-25 |title=The Urbanite Magazine - KEYNOTE: POWER PLAY |url=http://www.urbanitebaltimore.com/sub.cfm?ArticleID=1032&IssueID=64&SectionID=4 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100425042311/http://www.urbanitebaltimore.com/sub.cfm?ArticleID=1032&IssueID=64&SectionID=4 |archive-date=25 April 2010 |access-date=2019-12-05}}</ref> kamar yadda aka bayyana a cikin Bill Mollison's Permaculture, a Designers Manual (a shekarar 1988) da David Holmgren's PerMaculture: Principles and Pathways Beyond Sustainability (a shekarar 2003), <ref name="Permaculture">{{Cite web |title=Permaculture |url=http://www.transitiontownashland.org/Permaculture.html |url-status=unfit |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130204110334/http://www.transitiontownashland.org/Permaculture.html |archive-date=4 February 2013 |access-date=16 March 2014 |publisher=Transition Town Ashland}}</ref> da kuma aikin David Fleming akan al'umma, al'adu da juriya. <ref>{{Cite web |last=admin |date=2016-10-30 |title=Earth Talk Video: The Late Dr. David Fleming – Community, Place and Play |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=736JyGTy2gc |access-date=2022-11-25 |website=[[YouTube]] |language=en}}</ref> == Ƙungiya == Kowace ƙungiyar sauyawa tana da babban matakin cin gashin kanta. Koyaya, don a kira shi shirin hukuma dole ne a cika wasu ka'idoji. Bugu da ƙari, babu wani abu da zai dakatar da shirin 'ba bisa hukuma ba' ta amfani da ra'ayoyin da garuruwan Transition suka yi wahayi zuwa gare su. Bugu da ƙari, akwai 'hubs' daban-daban don daidaita aiki a matakin yanki. Cibiyoyin da kungiyoyi suna wakiltar su a shafin yanar gizon kungiyoyin Transition <ref name="auto"/> === Cibiyar Sadarwa === Cibiyar Tsaro (TN) ƙungiya ce ta sadaka ta Burtaniya da aka kafa don tallafawa shirye-shiryen Tsaro. Ya wallafa littattafai da fina-finai, horar da mutane da sauƙaƙe hanyar sadarwa. Gidan yanar gizon TN ya ƙunshi jerin abubuwan da suka yi rajista, wasu daga cikinsu an amince da su a hukumance. An fassara wasu daga cikin kayan kuma an daidaita su zuwa wasu harsuna / al'adu, gami da [[:pt:Cidades em Transição|Portuguese]], Danish, [[:de:Transition Towns|Jamusanci]], Dutch, Mutanen Espanya, [[:fr:Ville en transition|Faransanci]], Hungarian, [[:it:Città di transizione|Italiyanci]], Jafananci da Irish. TN ta gudanar da tarurruka bakwai: Nailsworth (2007), Royal Agriculture College, Cirencester (2008), Battersea Arts Center (2009), Dame Hannah's a Seale Hayne (2010), Hope University, Liverpool (2011), Battersea Art Center (2012) <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 March 2016 |title=A write-up of the 2012 Transition Network conference. The best yet. - Transition Network |url=https://www.transitionnetwork.org/blogs/rob-hopkins/2012-09-19/write-2012-transition-network-conference-best-yet |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305024402/https://www.transitionnetwork.org/blogs/rob-hopkins/2012-09-19/write-2012-transition-network-conference-best-yet |archive-date=5 March 2016}}</ref> da Dame Hannah'n a Seale hayne (2015). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Transition Network Conference 2015 - Write up &#124; Transition Network |url=https://www.transitionnetwork.org/blogs/rob-hopkins/2015-09/transition-network-conference-2015-write |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305024951/https://www.transitionnetwork.org/blogs/rob-hopkins/2015-09/transition-network-conference-2015-write |archive-date=2016-03-05 |access-date=2016-03-04}}</ref> === Canji Tare (UK) === Wani aikin da ake kira Transition Together <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 September 2021 |title=Transition Together - Transition Together |url=https://transitiontogether.org.uk/ |website=transitiontogether.org.uk}}</ref> ya wanzu don tallafawa kungiyoyi a cikin Burtaniya. Tana karɓar kuɗi daga asusun al'umma na Lottery na Kasa <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 July 2021 |title=Transition Network &#124; the National Lottery Community Fund |url=https://www.tnlcommunityfund.org.uk/news/blog/2021-07-19/transition-network |access-date=2025-07-29 |archive-date=2024-05-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240521125900/https://www.tnlcommunityfund.org.uk/news/blog/2021-07-19/transition-network |url-status=dead }}</ref> Transition Together tana gudanar da dandalin sadarwar jama'a da ake kira Vive don tallafawa aiki a Burtaniya <ref>{{Cite web |title=Dashboard |url=https://vive.transitiontogether.org.uk/dashboard}}</ref> === Canjin Amurka === A Amurka, an fara shirye-shiryen sauyawa a cikin al'ummomi da yawa. Canjin Amurka ita ce cibiyar ƙasa tare da hangen nesa, "cewa kowane al'umma a Amurka zai shiga cikin ƙirar ta gaba don fitar da canji mai ban mamaki da tarihi zuwa makomar da ba ta da burbushin burbushin halittu; makomar da ta fi ƙarfi, mai yawa da juriya; wanda ya fi dacewa da yanzu".<ref name="OurStory">{{Cite web |title=Our Story |url=http://transitionus.org/our-story |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140429001455/http://transitionus.org/our-story |archive-date=29 April 2014 |access-date=1 May 2014 |publisher=Transition US}}</ref> Manufar da aka bayyana na Transition US ita ce ta zama hanya da kuma "mai haɓaka don gina al'ummomi masu ƙarfi a duk faɗin Amurka waɗanda ke iya tsayayya da makamashi mai tsanani, yanayi, ko girgizar tattalin arziki yayin ƙirƙirar ingancin rayuwa a cikin tsari". Suna shirin cimma wannan ta hanyar "karfafawa, ƙarfafawa, tallafawa, sadarwar da horar da mutane da al'ummominsu yayin da suke la'akari, karɓa, daidaitawa, da aiwatar da tsarin sauyawa ga karfafawa da canji na al'umma".<ref name="TransitionUS">{{Cite web |title=About us |url=http://transitionus.org/about-us |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140316182248/http://transitionus.org/about-us |archive-date=16 March 2014 |access-date=16 March 2014 |publisher=Transition US}}</ref> An kuma kafa shafukan yanar gizo da yawa ta hanyar amfani da dandalin sadarwar jama'a na Ning. Wadannan shafukan yanar gizo na jihar, a karkashin laima na shafin Ning na kasa, an kafa su ne don taimakawa sauƙaƙe, cibiyar sadarwa, sanar da, saka idanu, da kuma gidajen ayyukan sauyawa na yanki da ƙungiyoyi. Don haka, ci gaba da yaduwar motsi na sauyawa yayin da kungiyoyi masu alaƙa da hanyar sadarwa, ayyukan, ra'ayoyi da ayyukan. === Jagora ga sababbin kungiyoyi === Wasu ayyukan suna amfani da jagorar TN 'samshi 12', ko 'samshin da aka sake sabuntawa', lokacin da suke kafa ƙungiyar su.<ref name="12Ingredients"/><ref name="Ingredients">{{Cite web |title=Ingredients |url=http://www.transitionnetwork.org/ingredients |access-date=16 March 2014 |publisher=Transition Network |archive-date=21 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140321084539/http://www.transitionnetwork.org/ingredients |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Abubuwan da ke ciki == Manufar Cibiyar Tsaro (TN) ita ce inganta wayar da kan jama'a game da Rayuwa mai ɗorewa da gina ƙarfin muhalli na gida. === Mafi girman man fetur da juriya na cikin gida === Littafin Gudanar da Canji: Daga Dependency na Man Fetur zuwa Resilience na Gida ta Rob Hopkins ta samar da yawancin tsarin da ke bayan Shirin Canji kuma ta tsara hanyoyin da garuruwan Canji na gida za su shiga. === Sufuri ===   The Transition Network yana ƙarfafa al'ummomi don neman hanyoyin rage amfani da makamashi da kuma rage dogaro da su akan dogon sarkar samarwa wanda gaba ɗaya ya dogara da man fetur don abubuwa masu mahimmanci (duba lissafin muhalli). === Samar da abinci === A cewar The Transition abinci babban yanki ne na sauyawa, wani lokacin ana amfani da taken "Food feet, not food miles". Shirye-shiryen zuwa yanzu sun haɗa da ƙirƙirar lambunan al'umma ko maye gurbin shuke-shuke masu ban sha'awa tare da 'ya'yan itace ko itatuwan kwai don shuka abinci. === Sharar gida da sake amfani da shi === Business waste exchange seeks to match the waste of one industry with another industry that uses that waste material, sometimes referred to as industrial symbiosis. It is suggested that this process can help companies increase profitability by reducing raw material and waste disposal cost, reducing carbon emission, making their by-products a source of revenue to be bought by other business.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Industrial waste account to boost industrial symbiosis {{!}} Yale Environment Review |url=http://environment.yale.edu/yer/article/industrial-waste-account-to-boost-industrial-symbiosis#gsc.tab=0 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160826000322/http://environment.yale.edu/yer/article/industrial-waste-account-to-boost-industrial-symbiosis#gsc.tab=0 |archive-date=26 August 2016 |access-date=2017-05-03 |website=environment.yale.edu |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-03-15 |title=What is industrial symbiosis? {{!}} WRAP UK |url=http://www.wrap.org.uk/content/what-industrial-symbiosis |access-date=2017-05-19 |website=wrap.org.uk |language=en}}</ref> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="Requires reference to link industrial symbiosis to Transition towns (May 2017)">additional citation(s) needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> It also suggests that repairing old items rather than throwing them away should be considered.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Reduce, Reuse, Recycle: what does it mean? |url=https://www.ohiovalleywaste.com/ohio-valley-waste-news/reduce-reuse-recycle-what-does-it-mean-3049 |access-date=2021-10-13 |website=www.ohiovalleywaste.com |language=en}}</ref> === Ilimin halayyar dan adam === Cibiyar Sadarwa ta ba da shawarar madadin daga kasuwanci kamar yadda aka saba, ko kuma daga halayen 'masu girgiza / rushewa' zuwa mafi girman man fetur da ƙarshen ci gaban tattalin arziki mara iyaka. A cewar Southend-on-Sea a cikin Canji, :: ta hanyar canza tunaninmu za mu iya gane zamanin mai mai mai zuwa a matsayin dama maimakon barazana, da kuma tsara shekarun carbon na gaba don ci gaba, mai juriya da wadata - wani wuri mafi kyau don rayuwa fiye da al'adun masu amfani da mu na yanzu wanda ya dogara da haɗama, yaƙi da almara na ci gaba. "<ref>{{Cite web |title=LIFE BEYOND OIL – THREAT OR OPPORTUNITY? |url=http://www.transitionwestcliff.org.uk/ |url-status=unfit |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130818022056/http://www.transitionwestcliff.org.uk/ |archive-date=18 August 2013}}</ref> Wani jigon Cibiyar Sadarwa shine ya amince da tasirin motsin rai na canzawa zuwa duniyar da ba ta da makamashi. Wasu kungiyoyin Transition Network suna da kungiyoyin 'Heart and Soul' don kallon wannan bangare.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Inner Transition |url=http://www.transitiontowntotnes.org/groups/inner-transition/ |publisher=Transition Town Totnes |access-date=2025-07-29 |archive-date=2017-06-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170628212354/https://www.transitiontowntotnes.org/groups/inner-transition/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=14 November 2010 |title=Heart and Soul Transition PDX Working Group Meeting #3 - The Dirt! |url=http://www.thedirt.org/node/3702 |url-status=unfit |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101114044157/http://www.thedirt.org/node/3702 |archive-date=14 November 2010}}</ref> Ayyukan ilimin halayyar dan adam sun sake fasalin su kamar yadda suke ciki <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 July 2024 |title=Inner Transition |url=https://inner.transitionmovement.org/ |website=Inner Transition}}</ref> sun ci gaba har zuwa shekara ta 2024 === Shirye-shiryen aiki na saukowar makamashi (EDAP) === Garuruwan canji suna da niyyar rage dogaro da man fetur, kuma wata hanyar da suke yin hakan ita ce ta hanyar bunkasa shirin aikin saukowar makamashi (EDAP). Kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin yanayin Totnes, an bayyana kalmar "al'umma" gabaɗaya don haɗawa da mutanen yankin, cibiyoyin gida, hukumomin gida da majalisa. Ci gaban EDAP yana buƙatar shiga cikin ayyukan gida a matakai daban-daban.<ref name="Connors">{{Cite journal |last=Connors |first=Phil |last2=McDonald |first2=Peter |date=2011 |title=Transitioning communities: community, participation and the Transition Town movement |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/44258308 |journal=Community Development Journal |volume=46 |issue=4 |pages=558–572 |doi=10.1093/cdj/bsq014 |issn=0010-3802 |jstor=44258308 |url-access=subscription |access-date=4 January 2023}}</ref> An kirkiro cikakken shirin farko ga Totnes a cikin shekara ta 2010, mai taken Transition in Action: Totnes & District 2030. A [[Faransa]], inda ake kiran motsi Villes et Territoires en Transition, kungiyar négaWatt tana ba da goyon baya ga motsi na sauyawa. === Tattalin Arziki === Bayan rikicin kudi na shekara ta 2008, Cibiyar Sadarwa ta kara rashin kwanciyar hankali na kudi a matsayin ƙarin barazana ga al'ummomin yankin (tare da man fetur da canjin yanayi). Ya ba da shawarar dabaru da yawa zasu iya taimakawa, gami da ƙididdigar kuɗi <ref name="LocalFood">{{Cite web |title=Local Food: how to make it happen in your community |url=http://www.greenbooks.co.uk/Book/132/Local-Food.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190207132102/http://www.greenbooks.co.uk/Book/132/Local-Food.html |archive-date=7 February 2019 |access-date=3 May 2014 |publisher=Green Books}}</ref> da samar da abinci na gida. <ref name="LocalMoney">{{Cite web |title=Local Money How to Make it Happen in Your Community |url=http://www.greenbooks.co.uk/Book/133/Local-Money.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170709153101/http://www.greenbooks.co.uk/Book/133/Local-Money.html |archive-date=9 July 2017 |access-date=3 May 2014 |publisher=Green Books}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Transitioning the financial crisis |url=https://www.redpepper.org.uk/transitioning-the-financial-crisis/ |access-date=2019-12-05 |language=en-US}}</ref> Bugu da ƙari, ya ga ƙirƙirar kuɗin da ke da alaƙa na cikin gida kamar yadda yake ƙarfafa motsi zuwa ga tattalin arzikin carbon mai ɗorewa da kuma kasancewa mai fa'ida ga jama'a. Bugu da ƙari, Hopkins ya kuma rubuta cewa motsi yana da fahimtar tattalin arzikin duniya kuma yana da mahimmanci game da matsalolin tsarinsa kamar kasancewa "tushen girma".<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Hopkins |first=Rob |title="The Rocky Road to a Real Transition": A Review. » Transition Culture |url=https://www.transitionculture.org/2008/05/15/the-rocky-road-to-a-real-transition-by-paul-chatterton-and-alice-cutler-a-review/ |access-date=2019-12-05 |language=en}}</ref> Wasu garuruwan canji sun shiga cikin ƙaddamar da kudaden gida ciki har da Totnes pound, Lewes pound, Stroud pound da Brixton pound. Don taimakawa ci gaba da waɗannan manufofi Cibiyar Sadarwa ta kafa aikin REconomy, a kusa da shekara ta 2012.<ref>{{Cite web |date=29 May 2012 |title=Finally! It's here! The REconomy website goes live! - REconomy |url=http://reconomy.org/finally-its-here-the-reconomy-website-goes-live/ |website=reconomy.org}}</ref> An ƙaddamar da shi a cikin shekara ta 2007, Totnes pound, wanda za'a iya fansar shi a cikin shaguna da kasuwanni na gida, ya taimaka wajen rage mil na abinci yayin da yake tallafawa kamfanonin gida. A shekara ta 2008, garuruwa uku na [[Wales|Welsh]] sun yi la'akari da ra'ayin, gami da Cardiff. Stroud pound da Totnes pound sun ƙare a cikin shekara ta 2013 da shekarar 2019 bi da bi. Ya zuwa Nuwamban shekarar 2019, Lewes pound da Brixton pound suna aiki. == A cikin al'adun gargajiya == An nuna garuruwan canji a cikin layin mãkirci na jerin shirye-shiryen BBC Radio 4 na dogon lokaci The Archers . Wannan misali ne na kulawar kafofin watsa labarai na yau da kullun da motsi ya samu 'yan shekaru bayan an kafa shi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 December 2008 |title=BBC - Radio 4 - Archers - The Archers - Transition Ambridge |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/archers/backstage/transition.shtml |url-status=unfit |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081230203017/http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/archers/backstage/transition.shtml |archive-date=30 December 2008}}</ref> Motsi na sauyawa da aka nuna a fim din a shekara ta 2015 Gobe <ref>{{Cite web |date=15 December 2015 |title='Tomorrow' ('Demain'): Film Review |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-reviews/tomorrow-demain-film-review-848309/ |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> == Littattafai == === Littattafai === An buga littattafai da yawa a kan takamaiman batutuwa, gami da: yadda al'ummomi zasu iya bunkasa shirin garin Transition. Sai dai idan aka bayyana, an buga littattafai masu zuwa a matsayin haɗin gwiwa tsakanin Green Books da Transition Network (a ƙarƙashin lakabin Transition Books): * ''Littafin Juyin Juya Hanyar: daga dogaro da mai zuwa juriya ta gida'' (2008) - na Rob Hopkins * Tsarin Lokaci na Canji: don cikin gida, mai jimrewa (2009) - na Shaun Chamberlin <ref>{{Cite web |title=Books |url=http://www.darkoptimism.org/books/}}</ref> * Abinci na gida: yadda za a sa ya faru a cikin al'ummarku (2009) - ta Tamzin Pinkerton da Rob Hopkins <ref name="LocalFood"/> * ''Kudin Gida: yadda za a sa ya faru a cikin al'ummarku'' (2010) - na Peter North <ref name="LocalMoney"/> * ''Gidaje masu dorewa na gida: yadda za a sa su faru a cikin al'ummarku'' (2010) - na Chris Bird * ''Al'ummomi, majalisun da makomar carbon mai ƙarancin abin da za mu iya yi idan gwamnatoci ba za su yi ba'' (2010) - na Alexis Rowell * Canji a cikin Aiki: Totnes & Gundumar 2030 - EDAP (2010) Canjin garin Totnes - (wanda aka rubuta) na Jacqi Hodgson tare da Rob Hopkins * ''Abokin Canji: sa al'ummarku ta fi jurewa a lokutan da ba a sani ba'' (2011) - na Rob Hopkins * The Power of Just Doing Stuff (2013) - by Rob Hopkins A shekara ta 2008, littafin Transition Handbook shine littafi na 5 mafi mashahuri da aka dauka a hutu a lokacin hutun bazara da 'yan majalisa na Burtaniya suka dauka. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Madeleine Bunting |date=31 May 2009 |title=Beyond Westminster's bankrupted practices, a new idealism is emerging, 31 May 2009 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2009/may/31/reform-transition-a-new-politics |website=The Guardian}}</ref> === Fim din === An kirkiro fina-finai biyu ta hanyar motsi game da motsi. Sun rubuta ci gaban shirye-shirye daban-daban: * ''A cikin Canji 1.0''.0 (2009) * A cikin Transition 2.0 (2012) Emma Goude (Darakta), Transition Network da Green Lane Films (Production) == Tattaunawa da bincike == A shekara ta 2008, kungiyar Trapese Collective ta wallafa wani zargi da ake kira The Rocky Road to a Real Transition wanda Hopkins ya amsa. Tattaunawar ta kasance wani bangare game da yadda ake kawo canjin zamantakewa.<ref>{{Cite web |year=2008 |title=The Rocky Road to Transition |url=http://trapese.clearerchannel.org/resources/rocky-road-a5-web.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191208012824/http://trapese.clearerchannel.org/resources/rocky-road-a5-web.pdf |archive-date=8 December 2019 |access-date=5 December 2019 |publisher=Trapese Collective}}</ref><ref name=":0"/> An buga takardun ilimi da yawa suna kallon ci gaban manufar: * {{Cite journal |last=Scott Cato |first=Molly |last2=Hillier |first2=Jean |date=2010 |title=How Could We Study Climate-Related Social Innovation? Applying Deleuzean Philosophy to the Transition Towns |journal=[[Environmental Politics (journal)|Environmental Politics]] |language=en |volume=19 |issue=6 |pages=869–887 |bibcode=2010EnvPo..19..869S |doi=10.1080/09644016.2010.518677}} * {{Cite journal |last=Smith |first=James N. |last2=Hopkins |first2=Rob |last3=Pencheon |first3=David |date=2017-12-01 |title=Could the Transition movement help solve the NHS's problems? |journal=Journal of Public Health |language=en |volume=39 |issue=4 |pages=841–845 |doi=10.1093/pubmed/fdw129 |issn=1741-3842 |pmid=27915260 |doi-access=free}} == Dubi kuma ==   === Littattafai === * ''Rayuwa A Nan Gaba'' * ''Ikon Ruwa'' * ''Samun nasarar Wasanni na Man Fetur'' === Ƙungiyoyin === * Abincin Green * Open Source Ecology * Sabon Tattalin Arziki * Sabon Tattalin Arziki == Manazarta == {{Reflist|colwidth=30em}} == Haɗin waje == * [http://transitionnetwork.org Cibiyar Sadarwa] * [http://transitionus.org Canjin Amurka] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240623014004/http://transitionus.org/ |date=2024-06-23 }} * [http://www.reconomy.org/ Shirin Tattalin Arziki] {{Human impact on the environment}}{{Land-use planning|CTM}}{{Simple living}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 53m2dqk2e3pidckhrxbgeve5o5bz7f1 0 113648 878954 702244 2026-07-08T11:45:32Z Arcdanumma047 38699 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1224225353|Higher Grade School]]" 878954 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Makarantar Sakandare ta manyan makarantu''' wani nau'in cibiyar ilimi ne da ya bunƙasa a [[Ingila]] daga 1876 har zuwa jim kaɗan bayan an ayyana su a matsayin haramtattu a cikin Hukuncin Cockerton na 1899. Sun ba da ayyukan ilimi da aka ɗauka a matsayin mafi girma fiye da na [[Makarantar Firamare|makarantar firamare]] . <ref name="Gillard">{{Cite web |last=Gillard |first=Derek |title=Education in England: a history - Introduction, Contents, Preface |url=https://education-uk.org/history/ |access-date=25 July 2021 |website=www.educationengland.org.uk |publisher=Derek Gillard}}</ref> == Manazarta == 9rq3kgzwttnm5ui4yqt4xjlbll6qzqo 878955 878954 2026-07-08T11:45:58Z Arcdanumma047 38699 878955 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Makarantar Sakandare ta manyan makarantu''' wani nau'in cibiyar ilimi ne da ya bunƙasa a [[Ingila]] daga 1876 har zuwa jim kaɗan bayan an ayyana su a matsayin haramtattu a cikin Hukuncin Cockerton na 1899. Sun ba da ayyukan ilimi da aka ɗauka a matsayin mafi girma fiye da na [[Makarantar Firamare|makarantar firamare]] . <ref name="Gillard">{{Cite web |last=Gillard |first=Derek |title=Education in England: a history - Introduction, Contents, Preface |url=https://education-uk.org/history/ |access-date=25 July 2021 |website=www.educationengland.org.uk |publisher=Derek Gillard}}</ref> == Manazarta == a2na91826b14ctzcsw607pah8nf58eu 0 113693 878769 836258 2026-07-08T04:16:36Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878769 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Mahmudul_Haque_Munshi_in_Nepal.jpg|thumb|Mahmudul Haque Munshi a gudun hijira a Nepal]] '''Mahmudul Haque Munshi''' an haife shi a shekara ta 1987) ɗan rubutun ra'ayin yanar gizo ne na Bangladesh a gudun hijira, ɗan adam mai musun wanzuwar Allah, kuma mai fafutukar kare hakkin dan adam. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-12-21 |title=Germany's atheist refugees: When not believing is life-threatening |url=https://www.infomigrants.net/fr/post/14060/germanys-atheist-refugees-when-not-believing-is-lifethreatening |access-date=2025-03-13 |website=InfoMigrants |language=fr}}</ref> Bayan samun mafaka, ya koma Jamus.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Secularist Mahmudul Haque Munshi placed on "global hit list" after escaping Islamists in Bangladesh |url=https://persecution.exmuslims.org/cases/secularist-mahmudul-haque-munshi-placed-on-global-hit-list-after-escaping |access-date=2025-03-13 |website=persecution.exmuslims.org}}</ref> Shi memba ne na kwamitin Atheist Relief . <ref name="toi8Aug2015">{{Cite web |last=Priyanka Dasgupta |date=2015-08-08 |title=I Was the Target, but They Killed Niloy: Blogger |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/I-was-the-target-but-they-killed-Niloy-Blogger/articleshow/48399054.cms |access-date=2020-05-29 |website=The Times of India}}</ref> Ya rubuta a shafin yanar gizon kansa, Swapnokothok .<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-12-29 |title=A Year of Violence in Bangladesh |url=https://globalvoices.org/2016/12/29/a-year-of-violence-in-bangladesh/ |access-date=2025-03-13 |website=Global Voices |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Munshi a shekara ta 1987 a Gundumar Jessore, Bangladesh . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-05-28 |title=Press Release: Mahmudul Haque Munshi on the Board of Directors of Secular Refugee Aid – Atheist Refugee Relief |url=https://atheist-refugees.com/en/press-release/mahmudul-haque-munshi-on-the-board-of-directors-of-secular-refugee-aid/ |access-date=2025-03-13 |language=en-US}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Munshi na ɗaya daga cikin masu fafutuka na zanga-zangar Shahbag ta 2013 da Gonojagoran Mancha . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Deutsche Welle (www.dw.com) |title=Shahbagh's Spirit Still Burns in the Hearts of Millions of Bengalis |url=https://www.dw.com/bn/%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE-%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%93-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4-%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF-%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%99%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%9F%E0%A7%87/a-18888280 |access-date=2020-05-29 |language=bn}}</ref> Ya kasance memba na Bloggers da Online Activist Network . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-02-09 |title=Spontaneous support boosts rally organisers |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-268469 |access-date=2025-03-13 |website=The Daily Star |language=en}}</ref> A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2015, bayan [[Abdullahil Amaan Azmi]], ɗan mai aikata laifukan yaki Ghulam Azam, ya yi tambaya game da yawan sojojin Indiya da suka mutu a Yakin 'Yanci na Bangladesh, Munshi ya ce "Matsanancinmu ne cewa ɗan Razakar ya kamata ya koya mana tarihin Yakin' yanci har ma da shekaru 43 bayan samun' yancin kai!".<ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=Ghulam Azam's son Abdullahil Amaan Azmi triggers a new controversy |url=https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/ghulam-azams-son-abdullahil-amaan-azmi-triggers-a-new-controversy |access-date=2025-03-13 |website=[[Bdnews24.com]] |language=en}}</ref> Ansarullah Bangla Team ta fitar da jerin barazanar mutuwa a watan Yuni sun hada da shi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ansarullah threatens citizens again |url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/bangladesh-others/103226/ansarullah-threatens-citizens-again |access-date=2025-03-13 |website=Dhaka Tribune |language=en}}</ref> A cewar Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung (FAZ), gwamnatin Bangladesh ba ta kare masu rubutun ra'ayin yanar gizo da masu fafutuka ba amma a maimakon haka ta zarge su da saɓo.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Till Fähnders, Dhaka |date=2016-10-12 |title=Violence Against Bloggers: Fearful Waiting for the Next Murder |url=https://www.faz.net/aktuell/politik/ausland/asien/aktivisten-in-bangladesh-fallen-islamisten-zum-opfer-14476680.html |access-date=2020-05-29 |website=FAZ.NET}}</ref> A wannan lokacin, Munshi ya sami tallafi daga Reporters Without Borders, Gidauniyar Heinrich Böll, Cibiyar Bincike, da [[Amnesty International]].<ref name=":0" /> Sunansa ya bayyana a cikin "Global Hit List", wanda ya haɗa da 'yan Bangladesh da aka yi gudun hijira da aka yi niyya don kisan kai.<ref name=":0" /> Deutsche Welle ya nakalto shi a cikin wata kasida mai taken "Atheism is Life-Threatening", inda ya ce: "Kwanan nan, na sami barazanar mutuwa 4,500 a shafin Facebook na a rana ɗaya. "<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fleeing Dhaka: Refugee Munshi's new life in Germany – DW – 08/31/2020 |url=https://www.dw.com/en/bangladesh-germany-refugee-munshi/a-54645411 |access-date=2025-03-13 |website=dw.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Astrid Prange De Oliveira |date=2018-12-19 |title=Atheism is Life-Threatening |url=https://www.dw.com/de/wenn-atheismus-ein-asylgrund-ist/a-46791128 |access-date=2020-05-29 |website=Deutsche Welle |language=de}}</ref> A cikin kaka na 2015, Munshi da matarsa - wanda a baya ya yi aiki a Terre des Hommes a Bangladesh - sun isa Jamus.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Daniela Wakonigg |date=2016-11-14 |title=Secular Bloggers from Bangladesh: "It Was a Nightmare" |url=https://hpd.de/artikel/es-war-albtraum-13767 |access-date=2020-05-29 |website=hpd.de}}</ref> A wata hira da The Times of India, ya bayyana cewa kodayake yana cikin jerin sunayen kisan kiyashi na Islama kuma dole ne ya bar Bangladesh, ba zai taɓa yin shiru ba, saboda yin hakan zai nufin nasara ga masu tsatstsauran ra'ayi.<ref name="toi8Aug2015"/> A Jamus, Munshi ya yi magana game da haƙƙin ɗan adam, 'yancin magana, da Islama a tattaunawar kwamitin, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Gisa Bodenstein |date=2018-11-19 |title=Does It Have Something to Do with Islam? |url=https://hpd.de/artikel/hat-es-doch-etwas-dem-islam-tun-16198 |access-date=2020-05-29 |website=hpd.de}}</ref> Re:publica, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mahmudul Haque Munshi |date=2016 |title=Freedom of Expression on Religion: The Center-point of Tension Between Radical Islamist Groups and Their Oppositions in Bangladesh |url=http://rpinternational.re-publica.com/en/session/freedom-expression-religion-center-point-tension-between-radical-islamist-groups-and-their |access-date=2020-05-29 |website=re:publica |archive-date=2024-01-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240117074449/http://rpinternational.re-publica.com/en/session/freedom-expression-religion-center-point-tension-between-radical-islamist-groups-and-their |url-status=dead }}</ref> Deutsche Welle, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Peter Hille |date=2018-12-19 |title=Mahmudul Haque Munshi in Interview |url=https://www.dw.com/de/mahmudul-haque-munshi-im-interview/av-46802031 |access-date=2020-05-29 |website=Deutsche Welle}}</ref> Materialien und Informationen zur Zeit (MIZ), <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mahmudul Haque Munshi |title=Mahmudul Haque Munshi, Author at Materialien und Informationen zur Zeit |url=https://www.miz-online.de/author/mahmudul-haque-munshi/ |access-date=2020-05-29}}</ref> StadtRevue, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Karin Clark |date=2016-07-27 |title=The Sculpture of Lalon, the Singer: The Movement of Bangla Culture |url=https://www.stadtrevue.de/archiv/artikelarchiv/9188-die-skulptur-von-lalon-dem-saenger-die-bewegung-der-banglakultur-mein-wehes-herz-von-mahmudul-haque-munshi/ |access-date=2020-05-29 |website=Stadtrevue Verlag |archive-date=2020-09-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200926005103/https://www.stadtrevue.de/archiv/artikelarchiv/9188-die-skulptur-von-lalon-dem-saenger-die-bewegung-der-banglakultur-mein-wehes-herz-von-mahmudul-haque-munshi/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> da Aethervox Ehrenfeld Podcast.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-12-09 |title=AVE #291: Mahmudul Haque Munshi |url=https://xsxm.de/ave-291-mahmudul-haque-munshi/ |access-date=2020-05-29 |website=Aethervox Ehrenfeld Podcast}}</ref> Har ila yau, yana da sha'awar kansa ga shayari.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Aachener Zeitung |title=Poetry as a Language to Process Experiences |url=https://www.aachener-zeitung.de/lokales/dueren/poesie-als-sprache-um-erlebtes-zu-verarbeiten_aid-24559861 |access-date=2020-05-29}}</ref> A watan Mayu 2020, an zabi Munshi a cikin kwamitin Atheist Relief . <ref name="atheist-refugees2">{{Cite press release}}</ref> Ya bayyana cewa yana cikin sha'awar Jamus na dogon lokaci don tsayawa a kan ƙasashe kamar Bangladesh da Mauritania, inda matsanancin zalunci na addini ya tilasta wa mutane kamar shi su gudu. Ya yi gargadin cewa Jamus bai kamata ta karfafa masu tsatstsauran ra'ayi na addini ba, wadanda ke da niyyar kawar da dimokuradiyya da kuma sanya dokar Shari'a, amma a maimakon haka suna tallafawa 'yan dimokuradiya na duniya da ke ba da shawara ga' yancin faɗar albarkacin baki da haƙƙin ɗan adam na duniya..<ref name="atheist-refugees" />. == Dubi kuma == [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1987]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] ==Manazarta== azfj2h1mj41gheedh63qj3sig86h29e 0 115541 878920 737302 2026-07-08T11:07:40Z Abdulrahman tahir shika 24962 Nayi gyara 878920 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Serpil Mid丑 (an haife ta a ranar 8 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1975) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Serpil Midyatli |url=https://munzinger.de/register/portrait/biographien/Serpil%20Midyatli/00/31509 |access-date=20 April 2025 |website=Munzinger-Archiv |language=de}}</ref> 'yar siyasar [[Jamus]] ce wacce ke aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar shugaban jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD), kuma shugabar jam'iyyar SPD a Schleswig-Holstein tun daga shekarar 2019. Ta kasance Shugabar Jam'iyyar adawa a Schleswig-Holstein tun watan Yulin 2021. == Ayyukan siyasa == Mid丑 ya shiga Jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party of Germany a shekarar 2000. Ta kasance daga cikin majalisa a Kiel-Gaarden . Mid丑 ya kasance memba na Landtag na Schleswig-Holstein tun daga Zaben 2009. Batutuwan siyasa na Mid丑 sun haɗa da haɗin kai, daidaito, manufofin iyali, da sauran batutuwan zamantakewa. An dauke ta wani bangare na hagu a cikin Jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party. A watan Maris na shekara ta 2019 Mid丑 ta zama shugaban SPD a Schleswig-Holstein, ta gaji Ralf Stegner ta zama mace ta farko a ofishin. A ranar 6 ga watan Disamba an zabe ta a matsayin daya daga cikin mataimakan shugabanni biyar na jam'iyyarta. Kafin wannan, ta goyi bayan Saskia Esken da Norbert Walter-Borjans a Zaben shugabanci. Har ila yau ta gaji Ralf Stegner, Mid丑 ta zama shugabar kungiyar 'yan majalisa ta jam'iyyar a Landtag na Schleswig-Holstein kuma ta haka ne shugaban' yan adawa a watan Yulin 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |last=NDR |title=SPD im Landtag: Midyatli zur Fraktionsvorsitzenden gewählt |url=https://www.ndr.de/nachrichten/schleswig-holstein/SPD-im-Landtag-Midyatli-zur-Fraktionsvorsitzenden-gewaehlt,spd1616.html |access-date=2021-08-25 |website=www.ndr.de |language=de |archive-date=2021-08-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210825091313/https://www.ndr.de/nachrichten/schleswig-holstein/SPD-im-Landtag-Midyatli-zur-Fraktionsvorsitzenden-gewaehlt,spd1616.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> A cikin tattaunawar da aka yi don kafa hadin gwiwar da ake kira hadin gwilar hasken zirga-zirga na SPD, Green Party da FDP bayan Zaben tarayya na 2021, Mid丑 ta jagoranci tawagar jam'iyyarta a cikin ƙungiyar aiki kan yara, matasa da iyalai; abokan aikinta daga sauran jam'iyyun sune Katrin Göring-Eckardt da Stephan Thomae. Jam'iyyarta ce ta zabi Mid丑 a matsayin wakili a Yarjejeniyar Tarayya don manufar zabar Shugaban Jamus a shekarar 2022. A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2023 Mid丑 ya zama Shugaban SPD a cikin Landtag na Schleswig-Holstein kuma, bayan da mai mulki Thomas Losse-Müller ya sanar da murabus dinsa a ranar 6 ga watan Disamba.<ref>{{Cite web |last=NDR |title=Serpil Midyatli zur neuen SPD-Fraktionschefin gewählt |url=https://www.ndr.de/nachrichten/schleswig-holstein/Serpil-Midyatli-zur-neuen-SPD-Fraktionschefin-gewaehlt,spd2056.html |access-date=2023-12-12 |website=www.ndr.de |language=de}}</ref> A cikin tattaunawar da aka yi don kafa Babban hadin gwiwa a karkashin jagorancin 'yan Democrat Kirista na Friedrich Merz (CDU tare da Bavarian CSU) da SPD bayan Zaben Jamus na 2025, Mid丑 ta jagoranci tawagar SPD a cikin ƙungiyar aiki kan iyalai, mata, matasa, manyan da dimokuradiyya; takwarorinta daga sauran jam'iyyun sune Silvia Breher da Susanne Hierl.<ref>Corinna Emundts (13 March 2025), [https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/innenpolitik/koalitionsverhandlungen-union-spd-100.html Union und SPD: Wie die Koalitionsverhandlungen ablaufen] ''[[Tagesschau (German TV programme)|Tagesschau]]''.</ref> == Ra'ayoyi == Mid丑 an dauke shi babban mai tsara manufofin iyali. Daga cikin wasu abubuwa, tana tsaye ne ga cibiyoyin kula da yara marasa gudummawa da kuma kula da yau da kullun a makarantun firamare. A cikin 2020 ta fara tattaunawa game da rage sa'o'in aiki. Daga ra'ayi na Mid丑, mako na awa 30 zai sauƙaƙa haɗakar iyaye tare da aiki mai fa'ida.<ref>{{Cite web |last=NDR |title=Nachrichten aus Schleswig-Holstein |url=https://www.ndr.de/nachrichten/schleswig-holstein/index.html |access-date=2025-01-28 |website=www.ndr.de |language=de}}</ref> A cikin 2021, ta ba da kanta ga mallakar gida. SPD koyaushe za ta yi gwagwarmaya don tabbatar da cewa haya ya kasance mai araha. Amma wannan ya shafi yiwuwar sayen gida ko gida. Kasancewa da gidanka alama ce ta ci gaban zamantakewa. Mid丑 yana ba da shawarar samfuran da ke buƙatar ƙasa da daidaito. Wannan ya haɗa da sayen haya. == Sauran ayyukan == * Taron Kasuwanci na Jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party of Germany, memba na Kwamitin Ba da Shawara na Siyasa (tun daga 2020)<ref>[https://www.spd-wirtschaftsforum.de/news/neukonstituierung_politischer_beirat-20200701/ Bernd Westphal und Anke Rehlinger koordinieren neu konstituierten Politischen Beirat des SPD-Wirtschaftsforums] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220420002356/https://www.spd-wirtschaftsforum.de/news/neukonstituierung_politischer_beirat-20200701/ |date=20 April 2022 }} Business Forum of the Social Democratic Party of Germany, press release of 1 July 2020.</ref> == Rayuwa ta mutum == An haifi Mid丑 a shekara ta 1975 a [[Kiel]], inda ta girma. Iyayenta sun fito ne daga Turkiyya, mahaifinta dan asalin [[Kurdawa]] ne, yayin da mahaifiyarta ta fito ne daga asalin [[Larabawa]]. Ita [[Musulmi]] ce, ta yi aure, kuma tana da 'ya'ya maza biyu. Baya ga Jamusanci, tana da 'yancin Turkiyya.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-12-16 |title=Landtag bekennt sich zur doppelten Staatsbürgerschaft |url=https://www.fehmarn24.de/schleswig-holstein/landtag-bekennt-sich-doppelten-staatsbuergerschaft-7128908.html |access-date=2025-01-28 |website=www.fehmarn24.de |language=de}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-10-01 |title=Diskussion „Identität zwischen zwei Nationen – Gespräch zur doppelten Staatsbürgerschaft.“ stark besucht › SPD Glückstadt |url=https://www.spd-ov-glueckstadt.de/2020/10/01/diskussion-identitaet-zwischen-zwei-nationen-gespraech-zur-doppelten-staatsbuergerschaft-stark-besucht/ |access-date=2025-01-28 |language=de-DE}}</ref> Bayan kammala karatunsa daga Realschule a shekarar 1992, Mid丑 da farko ya shirya don nazarin doka. Maimakon haka ta zo ta jagoranci gidan cin abinci mallakar iyayenta tana da shekaru 18. Daga baya ta gudanar da zauren kide-kide, kamfanin abinci, kuma ta kafa kamfanin taron al'adu tare da mijinta. A shekara ta 2015 an yarda da ita a cikin kwamitin zartarwa na kungiyar Schleswig-Holstein Homeland Association,<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bruhns |first=Annette |date=2018-09-09 |title=SPD: Serpil Midyatli - wer ist die designierte Nachfolgerin von Ralf Stegner? |url=https://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/spd-serpil-midyatli-wer-ist-die-designierte-nachfolgerin-von-ralf-stegner-a-1226901.html |access-date=2025-01-28 |work=Der Spiegel |language=de |issn=2195-1349}}</ref> inda ta yi aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar shugaban kasa ta uku.<ref>https://www.heimatbund.de/ueber-uns/404.html</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * Shafin yanar gizon hukuma (a cikin Jamusanci) * {{Cite web |title=Midyatli, Serpil |url=http://lissh.lvn.parlanet.de/cgi-bin/starfinder/0?path=samtflmore.txt&id=fastlink&pass=&search=ID=3055&format=WEBVOLLLANG |website=lissh.lvn.parlanet.de |language=de}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1975]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] g7rvm78txu2s4wt7jfiax4dp48t3l8d 0 116392 878499 791308 2026-07-07T13:01:53Z Lilovic 46646 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1362649675|Franco Mastantuono]]" 878499 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Franco Mastantuono''' (born 14 August 2007) is an Argentine professional [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|footballer]] who plays as a [[Mai buga tsakiya|winger]] for La Liga club [[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]] and the Argentina national team. He was trained in Club Atletico River Plate's academy, the team which he would debut in the Argentine Primera División in 2023. Bayan ya fara bugawa babbar kungiyar Argentina wasa a shekarar 2025 yana da shekaru 17, watanni 9 da kwanaki 22, Mastantuono ya zama dan wasa mafi ƙanƙanta da ya taɓa bayyana a wasan hukuma na La ''Albiceleste''. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Mastantuono kuma ta girma a Azul a [[Yankin Buenos Aires|Lardin Buenos Aires]] na Argentina, a cikin dangin asalin Italiyanci na Argentina. Ya yi sha'awar wasan [[Tennis]] tun yana ƙarami kuma ya kasance dan wasan matasa na kasa, yana cikin manyan 10 na rukunin sa.<ref name="ole">{{Cite web |last=Blotto |first=Martín |date=20 June 2023 |title=La historia de Franco Mastantuono, la otra joyita de la cantera de River |trans-title=The story of Franco Mastantuono, the other jewel of River's youth academy |url=https://www.ole.com.ar/river-plate/river-mastantuono-echeverri-contrato-goleador-demichelis_0_MQCeBDkYQE.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231102231824/https://www.ole.com.ar/river-plate/river-mastantuono-echeverri-contrato-goleador-demichelis_0_MQCeBDkYQE.html |archive-date=2 November 2023 |access-date=2 November 2023 |website=[[Olé (sports newspaper)|Olé]] |language=es}}</ref> == Ayyukan kulob din == === Farkon aiki === Mastantuono ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa yana da shekaru uku, yana wasa a River de Azul, inda mahaifinsa ya kasance kocin.<ref name="ib">{{Cite web |last=Gagliardi |first=Juan Franco |date=23 August 2023 |title=Quién es Franco Mastantuono, la joya que River Plate blindó por una millonaria cifra y está en la mira de Demichelis y Mascherano |trans-title=Who is Franco Mastantuono, the jewel that River Plate protected for a millionaire figure and is in the sights of Demichelis and Mascherano |url=https://www.infobae.com/deportes/2023/08/23/quien-es-franco-mastantuono-la-joya-que-river-plate-blindo-por-una-impactante-cifra-y-esta-en-la-mira-de-demichelis-y-mascherano/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240425135333/https://www.infobae.com/deportes/2023/08/23/quien-es-franco-mastantuono-la-joya-que-river-plate-blindo-por-una-impactante-cifra-y-esta-en-la-mira-de-demichelis-y-mascherano/ |archive-date=25 April 2024 |access-date=2 November 2023 |website=[[Infobae]] |language=es}}</ref> A shekara ta 2017, yayin da yake wasa a River de Azul, an gayyace shi zuwa gwaji tare da kwararru River Plate, amma duk da cewa an ba shi wuri a makarantar kimiyya, ya ki, saboda iyalinsa suna son ya ci gaba da bin aikin tennis.<ref name="ole">{{Cite web |last=Blotto |first=Martín |date=20 June 2023 |title=La historia de Franco Mastantuono, la otra joyita de la cantera de River |trans-title=The story of Franco Mastantuono, the other jewel of River's youth academy |url=https://www.ole.com.ar/river-plate/river-mastantuono-echeverri-contrato-goleador-demichelis_0_MQCeBDkYQE.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231102231824/https://www.ole.com.ar/river-plate/river-mastantuono-echeverri-contrato-goleador-demichelis_0_MQCeBDkYQE.html |archive-date=2 November 2023 |access-date=2 November 2023 |website=[[Olé (sports newspaper)|Olé]] |language=es}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFBlotto2023">Blotto, Martín (20 June 2023). </cite></ref><ref name="ib" /> Maimakon haka, ya sanya hannu ga Club Cemento yana da shekara goma sha ɗaya.<ref name="ib" /> === Kogin Kogin === Shekaru biyu bayan haka, a cikin 2019, Mastantuono ya yanke shawarar karɓar tayin River Plate, kuma ya koma kulob din da ke [[Buenos Aires]], inda ya fara fitowa ga matasa a wasan karshe na kakar 2019, yayin da matasa suka lashe gasar. <ref name="ib">{{Cite web |last=Gagliardi |first=Juan Franco |date=23 August 2023 |title=Quién es Franco Mastantuono, la joya que River Plate blindó por una millonaria cifra y está en la mira de Demichelis y Mascherano |trans-title=Who is Franco Mastantuono, the jewel that River Plate protected for a millionaire figure and is in the sights of Demichelis and Mascherano |url=https://www.infobae.com/deportes/2023/08/23/quien-es-franco-mastantuono-la-joya-que-river-plate-blindo-por-una-impactante-cifra-y-esta-en-la-mira-de-demichelis-y-mascherano/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240425135333/https://www.infobae.com/deportes/2023/08/23/quien-es-franco-mastantuono-la-joya-que-river-plate-blindo-por-una-impactante-cifra-y-esta-en-la-mira-de-demichelis-y-mascherano/ |archive-date=25 April 2024 |access-date=2 November 2023 |website=[[Infobae]] |language=es}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFGagliardi2023">Gagliardi, Juan Franco (23 August 2023). </cite></ref> A shekara mai zuwa, an yi masa rajista don gasa ta AFA, amma an katse lokacinsa saboda annobar COVID-19 a Argentina.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kunz |first=Ubaldo |date=23 August 2023 |title=La increíble historia de Franco Mastantuono: la joya de River que casi deja el fútbol por el tenis |trans-title=The incredible story of Franco Mastantuono: the jewel of River who almost left football for tennis |url=https://lapaginamillonaria.com/riverplate/la-increible-historia-de-franco-mastantuono-la-joya-de-las-inferiores-de-river-que-casi-deja-el-futbol-por-el-tenis-20230823-LPM-16684.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231103133040/https://lapaginamillonaria.com/riverplate/la-increible-historia-de-franco-mastantuono-la-joya-de-las-inferiores-de-river-que-casi-deja-el-futbol-por-el-tenis-20230823-LPM-16684.html |archive-date=3 November 2023 |access-date=2 November 2023 |website=lapaginamillonaria.com |language=es}}</ref> [maɓuɓɓugar da ba za a iya dogara da ita ba?]<span class="noprint Inline-Template" mwt27="" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="The material near this tag may rely on an unreliable source. The page has a poor reputation for checking the facts (like misspelling Labruna's name, wrongly reporting on the history of the club's shirt, making far-fetched speculations in various occasions, etc.), lacks meaningful editorial oversight, and has a possible conflict of interest. (April 2026)">unreliable source?</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;<nowiki>?","href":"./Template:Unreliable_source%3F"},"params":{"date":{"wt":"April 2026"},"reason":{"wt":"The page has a poor reputation for checking the facts (like misspelling Labruna's name, wrongly reporting on the history of the club's shirt, making far-fetched speculations in various occasions, etc.), lacks meaningful editorial oversight, and has a possible conflict of interest."}},"i":0}}]}" data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" id="mwSQ" typeof="mw:Transclusion"> </nowiki></span> Mastantuono ya ci gaba da ci gaba ta hanyar makarantar River Plate, kuma a watan Agustan 2023, ya sanya hannu kan kwangilarsa ta farko tare da kulob din - yarjejeniyar shekaru biyu tare da sakin Yuro miliyan 30.[1] A watan da ya biyo baya, kocin Martín Demichelis ya kira shi zuwa horo na farko.[2] [maɓuɓɓugar da ba za a iya dogara da ita ba?] A shekara mai zuwa, an haɗa Mastantuono a cikin tawagar River Plate don shirye-shiryen su na farko, bayan da aka kira shi tare da wasu 'yan wasan matasa da kocin Martín Demichelis ya kira shi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 January 2024 |title=Franco Mastantuono, a días de comenzar la pretemporada con el plantel profesional de River |trans-title=Franco Mastantuono, days away from starting the preseason with River's professional team |url=https://www.diarioeltiempo.com.ar/nota-franco-mastantuono--a-dias-de-comenzar-la-pretemporada-con-el-plantel-profesional-de-river--197196 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216173640/https://www.diarioeltiempo.com.ar/nota-franco-mastantuono--a-dias-de-comenzar-la-pretemporada-con-el-plantel-profesional-de-river--197196 |archive-date=16 February 2024 |access-date=16 February 2024 |website=diarioeltiempo.com.ar |language=es}}</ref> Ya fara bugawa kulob din wasa na farko a wasan sada zumunci da 'yan adawar Mexico Monterrey, kafin ya buga wasan sada zumunta da Pachuca.<ref>{{Cite web |last=García |first=Gonzalo |date=31 January 2024 |title=Quién es Franco Mastantuono, la nueva joya de River que en la pretemporada y debutó oficialmente ante Argentinos Juniors |trans-title=Who is Franco Mastantuono, River's new jewel who made his official debut against Argentinos Juniors in the preseason |url=https://www.goal.com/es/noticias/quien-es-franco-mastantuono-la-nueva-joya-de-river-contrato/blt99dcefae9d4f08e1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216175138/https://www.goal.com/es/noticias/quien-es-franco-mastantuono-la-nueva-joya-de-river-contrato/blt99dcefae9d4f08e1 |archive-date=16 February 2024 |access-date=16 February 2024 |website=goal.com |language=es}}</ref> A karshen watan Janairun 2024, ya zama dan wasa na uku mafi ƙanƙanta na River Plate a cikin gasa ta hukuma, bayan Omar Rossi da Mateo Musacchio, lokacin da ya zo a matsayin mai maye gurbin Facundo Colidio a cikin River's 1-1 Copa de la Liga Profesional draw tare da Argentinos Juniors . <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 January 2024 |title=Mastantuono debutó en River e hizo historia |trans-title=Mastantuono debuted in River and made history |url=https://www.ole.com.ar/river-plate/river-franco-mastantuono-debut-primera-record-top-argentinos_0_Bn4Evo4pon.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216173639/https://www.ole.com.ar/river-plate/river-franco-mastantuono-debut-primera-record-top-argentinos_0_Bn4Evo4pon.html |archive-date=16 February 2024 |access-date=16 February 2024 |website=[[Olé (sports newspaper)|Olé]] |language=es}}</ref> Mastantuono ya zira kwallaye na farko ga kulob din a wasan 3-0 na Copa Argentina da ya ci Excursionistas a ranar 8 ga Fabrairu 2024; bayan ya fara wasan, ya jefa kwallon da ya wuce mai tsaron gidan Excursionista Nahuel Cajal a minti na 68. A yin haka, ya zama ƙaramin mai zira kwallaye na River, ya doke rikodin da ke hannun Javier Saviola. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Marroquín |first=Emmanuel R. |date=8 February 2024 |title=Gol de Franco Mastantuono lo convierte el jugador de River Plate más joven en anotar |trans-title=Franco Mastantuono's goal makes him the youngest River Plate player to score |url=https://www.tudn.com/futbol/argentina-primera/river-plate-gol-franco-mastantuono-convierte-jugador-mas-joven-club-anotar |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216173638/https://www.tudn.com/futbol/argentina-primera/river-plate-gol-franco-mastantuono-convierte-jugador-mas-joven-club-anotar |archive-date=16 February 2024 |access-date=16 February 2024 |website=tudn.com |language=es}}</ref> Bayan ya kafa kansa a matsayin mai tsayawa a cikin saitin farko, kiran da magoya baya suka yi wa Mastantuono don yin wasa da yawa ya yi watsi da shi ta hanyar kocin Martín Demichelis, tare da tsohon mai tsaron gidan River Plate Reinaldo Merlo yana mai cewa, yayin da ya nuna iyawarsa, bai kasance a shirye ya fito a kai a kai ba.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 February 2024 |title=Sin vueltas: "Mastantuono no está para 90 minutos" |trans-title=No twists: "Mastantuono is not there for 90 minutes" |url=https://tntsports.com.ar/ligaprofesional/sin-vueltas-mastantuono-no-esta-90-minutos-20240215-0032.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216173640/https://tntsports.com.ar/ligaprofesional/sin-vueltas-mastantuono-no-esta-90-minutos-20240215-0032.html |archive-date=16 February 2024 |access-date=16 February 2024 |website=tntsports.com.ar |language=es}}</ref> Bayan Demichelis ya bar Marcelo Gallardo ya karɓi mulki yana ba shi ƙarin minti kuma yana sa shi ya bayyana a kai a kai.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cristófalo |first=Ariel |date=11 November 2024 |title=Que la gente crezca: el plan de Gallardo para gestionar el talento de Mastantuono |url=https://www.ole.com.ar/equipos/river-plate/river-plate-marcelo-gallardo-jovenes-franco-mastantuono-claudio-echeverri_0_fq3rUg22iS.html |access-date=10 June 2025 |website=[[Olé (sports newspaper)|Olé]] |language=es-AR}}</ref> A cikin Superclásico da Boca Juniors, Mastantuono ya zira kwallaye kyauta daga mita 28 zuwa saman kusurwar hagu, yana mai da shi dan wasa na biyu mafi ƙanƙanta da ya zira kwata a Superclánico kuma River Plate mafi ƙanci ya zira kwando a daya.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Barnade |first=Oscar |date=27 April 2025 |title=Franco Mastantuono hizo un gol de antología y para los libros del Superclásico: es el goleador de River más joven contra Boca en la historia |url=https://www.clarin.com/deportes/franco-mastantuono-hizo-gol-antologia-libros-superclasico-goleador-river-joven-boca-historia_0_hYjghhgy0N.html |access-date=10 June 2025 |website=Clarín |language=es}}</ref> === Real Madrid === A ranar 13 ga Yuni 2025, kulob din La Liga [[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]] ya ba da sanarwar cewa Mastantuono zai shiga kulob din a ranar haihuwarsa ta 18, 14 ga watan Agusta, ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekaru shida tare da Los Blancos . <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 June 2025 |title=Official Announcement: Mastantuono |url=https://www.realmadrid.com/en-US/news/club/announcements/comunicado-oficial-mastantuono-13-06-2025 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250613133249/https://www.realmadrid.com/en-US/news/club/announcements/comunicado-oficial-mastantuono-13-06-2025 |archive-date=13 June 2025 |access-date=13 June 2025 |publisher=[[Real Madrid CF]]}}</ref> Yarjejeniyar ta kai Yuro miliyan 45, tare da Madrid ta haifar da sakin sa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=13 June 2025 |title=Ejecución de cláusula de rescisión – Franco Mastantuono |trans-title=Execution of the release clause – Franco Mastantuono |url=https://www.cariverplate.com.ar/ejecuci-n-de-cl-usula-de-rescisi-n-franco-mastantuono |access-date=13 June 2025 |publisher=Club Atlético River Plate |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Millington |first=Adam |date=13 June 2025 |title=Franco Mastantuono: Real Madrid sign Argentina record breaker from River Plate |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/articles/cn8z3rkj4eko |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250613144736/https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/articles/cn8z3rkj4eko |archive-date=13 June 2025 |access-date=13 June 2025 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref>&nbsp; A ranar 14 ga watan Agustan 2025, Real Madrid ta gabatar da Mastantuono a hukumance.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 August 2025 |title=Mastantuono signs his Real Madrid contract |url=https://www.realmadrid.com/en-US/news/football/first-team/latest-news/mastantuono-firmo-su-contrato-con-el-real-madrid-14-08-2025 |access-date=14 August 2025 |publisher=Real Madrid CF}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Langell |first=Amanda |date=14 August 2025 |title=Franco Mastantuono's Surprising Real Madrid Shirt Number Confirmed |url=https://www.si.com/soccer/franco-mastantuono-surprising-real-madrid-shirt-number-confirmed |access-date=14 August 2025 |publisher=[[Sports Illustrated]] |language=en-US}}</ref> An ba shi lambar 30 shirt, lambar da ya sa a kulob din da ya gabata.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 August 2025 |title=Mastantuono unveiled as new Real Madrid player |url=https://www.realmadrid.com/en-US/news/football/first-team/latest-news/mastantuono-presentado-como-nuevo-jugador-del-real-madrid-14-08-2025 |access-date=14 August 2025 |publisher=Real Madrid CF}}</ref> Ya fara bugawa Madrid wasa a ranar 19 ga watan Agusta 2025, ya zo a matsayin mai maye gurbin a nasarar 1-0 a kan Osasuna . <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 August 2025 |title=Carreras and Mastantuono make their official Real Madrid debuts |url=https://www.realmadrid.com/en-US/news/football/first-team/latest-news/carreras-y-mastantuono-debutan-en-partido-oficial-con-el-real-madrid-19-08-2025 |access-date=19 August 2025 |publisher=[[Real Madrid CF]]}}</ref> A ranar 16 ga watan Satumba, yana da shekaru 18 da kwanaki 33, Mastantuono ya wuce rikodin abokin aikinsa [[Endrick Felipe|Endrick]] da kwanaki 40 don zama dan wasa mafi ƙanƙanta da ya fara wa Real Madrid a [[UEFA Champions League|Gasar Zakarun Turai ta UEFA]], wanda ya nuna a cikin nasarar da kungiyar ta samu 2-1 a kan Marseille.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 September 2025 |title=Mastantuono becomes youngest starter for Real Madrid in Champions League |url=https://apnews.com/article/mastantuono-youngest-real-madrid-champions-league-4b629c2cb6a78af386f862812be3fdb8 |access-date=17 September 2025 |publisher=Associated Press}}</ref> A ranar 23 ga watan Satumba, ya zira kwallaye na farko ga Los Blancos, inda ya samu bayan raga a nasarar da Madrid ta samu 4-1 a Levante.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abraham |first=Timothy |date=23 September 2025 |title=Levante 1–4 Real Madrid: Kylian Mbappé scores twice as Xabi Alonso's side notch up their sixth consecutive win in La Liga |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/live/c4g90w32pe2t |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250923220432/https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/live/c4g90w32pe2t |archive-date=23 September 2025 |access-date=23 September 2025 |website=BBC Sport |publisher=BBC}}</ref> A ranar 20 ga watan Janairun 2026, ya zira kwallaye na farko a gasar zakarun Turai a nasarar 6-1 a kan Monaco.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Emons |first=Michael |date=20 January 2026 |title=Real Madrid 6–1 Monaco: Kylian Mbappé scores twice against former club in convincing win |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/live/cedwvw4nwppt |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260120221934/https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/live/cedwvw4nwppt |archive-date=20 January 2026 |access-date=20 January 2026 |website=BBC Sport |publisher=BBC}}</ref> == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == An haife shi kuma ya girma a Argentina, Mastantuono ya fito ne daga asalin Italiya kuma yana da 'yan asalin Argentina da Italiya.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 May 2024 |title=Chi è Franco Mastantuono: il sedicenne da 45 milioni di euro nel mirino del Real Madrid &#124; Goal.com Italia |url=https://www.goal.com/it/liste/chi-e-franco-mastantuono-il-sedicenne-da-45-milioni-di-euro-nel-mirino-del-real-madrid/blt4631fa59c1b42884 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241224083705/https://www.goal.com/it/liste/chi-e-franco-mastantuono-il-sedicenne-da-45-milioni-di-euro-nel-mirino-del-real-madrid/blt4631fa59c1b42884 |archive-date=24 December 2024 |access-date=15 October 2024 |website=goal.com}}</ref> Kocin Pablo Aimar ne ya fara kiransa zuwa tawagar 'yan kasa da shekaru 17 ta Argentina yayin da yake da goma sha biyar kawai.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Casazza |first=Gabriel |date=21 February 2023 |title=¿Quién es Franco Mastantuono, la joya que ilusiona a todos los hinchas de River? |trans-title=Who is Franco Mastantuono, the jewel that excites all River fans? |url=https://bolavip.com/ar/river/Quien-es-Franco-Mastantuono-la-joya-que-ilusiona-a-todos-los-hinchas-de-River-20230221-0037.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231103043419/https://bolavip.com/ar/river/Quien-es-Franco-Mastantuono-la-joya-que-ilusiona-a-todos-los-hinchas-de-River-20230221-0037.html |archive-date=3 November 2023 |access-date=2 November 2023 |website=bolavip.com |language=es}}</ref> Ayyukansa masu ban sha'awa tare da kungiyoyin matasa na River Plate sun ja hankalin kocin kungiyar 'yan kasa da shekaru 20 na Argentina Javier Mascherano, wanda ya kira shi don horar da kungiyar a tsakiyar 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gagliardi |first=Juan Franco |date=7 September 2022 |title=Tiene 15 años, es una de las joyas de River Plate y Javier Mascherano lo convocó a la Selección Sub 20 |trans-title=He is 15 years old, he is one of the jewels of River Plate and Javier Mascherano called him up to the Under 20 National Team |url=https://www.infobae.com/deportes/2022/09/07/tiene-15-anos-es-una-de-las-joyas-de-river-plate-y-javier-mascherano-lo-convoco-a-la-seleccion-sub-20/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231208230600/https://www.infobae.com/deportes/2022/09/07/tiene-15-anos-es-una-de-las-joyas-de-river-plate-y-javier-mascherano-lo-convoco-a-la-seleccion-sub-20/ |archive-date=8 December 2023 |access-date=2 November 2023 |website=mundoalbiceleste}}</ref> A ƙarshen Mayu 2025, Mastantuono ya sami kira na farko ga Babban kungiyar Argentina ta [[Lionel Scaloni]] don wasannin cancantar gasar cin kofin duniya ta 2026 da Chile da Colombia. <ref>{{Cite web |date=31 May 2025 |title=Franco Mastantuono called up to Argentina squad and he'll share the pitch with Lionel Messi |url=https://www.beinsports.com/en-us/soccer/wc-qualification-south-america/articles-video/franco-mastantuono-called-up-to-argentina-squad-and-he-ll-share-the-pitch-with-lionel-messi-2025-05-31 |access-date=5 June 2025 |website=beinsports.com}}</ref> Bayan 'yan kwanaki, a ranar 5 ga Yuni, ya fara bugawa kasa da kasa ta hanyar maye gurbin Thiago Almada a cikin nasara 1-0 a kan Chile, ya zama dan wasan farko na kasarsa a shekaru 17 da kwanaki 296, ya wuce rikodin da Adolfo Heisinger ya yi a baya.<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 June 2025 |title=Franco Mastantuono debutó con la Selección Argentina e hizo historia |url=https://espndeportes.espn.com/futbol/mundial/nota/_/id/15277050/franco-mastantuono-debut-seleccion-argentina-record-historico |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250606030140/https://espndeportes.espn.com/futbol/mundial/nota/_/id/15277050/franco-mastantuono-debut-seleccion-argentina-record-historico |archive-date=6 June 2025 |access-date=6 June 2025 |publisher=ESPN Deportes |language=es}}</ref> == Hanyar wasa == Dan wasan tsakiya na hagu, mai horar da matasa na River Plate Martín Pellegrino ya bayyana Mastantuono a matsayin mai iya yin wasa a matsayin mai shiga tsakani, dan wasan tsakiya mai yin wasa ko mai gaba, yana lura da ikonsa na buga kwallon. Mataimakin kocin kungiyar ajiyar River Plate, Pablo Fernández, ya kuma yaba da kwarewarsa na buga kwallon, da kuma ikonsa na zira kwallaye daga free-kicks da kuma doke 'yan wasa daya-da-daya. Mastantuono da kansa ya bayyana cewa yana kallon masu gaba na River Plate Ignacio Fernández da Matías Suárez, da kuma ɗan'uwansa na Argentina [[Julián Álvarez|Julián Alvarez]] da irin su [[Phil Foden]] da [[Neymar]], kuma yana ƙoƙari ya tsara salon wasansa a kansu.<ref name="ib">{{Cite web |last=Gagliardi |first=Juan Franco |date=23 August 2023 |title=Quién es Franco Mastantuono, la joya que River Plate blindó por una millonaria cifra y está en la mira de Demichelis y Mascherano |trans-title=Who is Franco Mastantuono, the jewel that River Plate protected for a millionaire figure and is in the sights of Demichelis and Mascherano |url=https://www.infobae.com/deportes/2023/08/23/quien-es-franco-mastantuono-la-joya-que-river-plate-blindo-por-una-impactante-cifra-y-esta-en-la-mira-de-demichelis-y-mascherano/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240425135333/https://www.infobae.com/deportes/2023/08/23/quien-es-franco-mastantuono-la-joya-que-river-plate-blindo-por-una-impactante-cifra-y-esta-en-la-mira-de-demichelis-y-mascherano/ |archive-date=25 April 2024 |access-date=2 November 2023 |website=[[Infobae]] |language=es}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFGagliardi2023">Gagliardi, Juan Franco (23 August 2023). </cite></ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] pnjzje18698s49da3d8mevvm1x0bk8j 878500 878499 2026-07-07T13:07:38Z Lilovic 46646 878500 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Franco Mastantuono''' (born 14 August 2007) is an Argentine professional [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|footballer]] who plays as a [[Mai buga tsakiya|winger]] for La Liga club [[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]] and the Argentina national team. He was trained in Club Atletico River Plate's academy, the team which he would debut in the Argentine Primera División in 2023. Bayan ya fara bugawa babbar kungiyar Argentina wasa a shekarar 2025 yana da shekaru 17, watanni 9 da kwanaki 22, Mastantuono ya zama dan wasa mafi ƙanƙanta da ya taɓa bayyana a wasan hukuma na La ''Albiceleste''. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Mastantuono kuma ta girma a Azul a [[Yankin Buenos Aires|Lardin Buenos Aires]] na Argentina, a cikin dangin asalin Italiyanci na Argentina. Ya yi sha'awar wasan [[Tennis]] tun yana ƙarami kuma ya kasance dan wasan matasa na kasa, yana cikin manyan 10 na rukunin sa.<ref name="ole">{{Cite web |last=Blotto |first=Martín |date=20 June 2023 |title=La historia de Franco Mastantuono, la otra joyita de la cantera de River |trans-title=The story of Franco Mastantuono, the other jewel of River's youth academy |url=https://www.ole.com.ar/river-plate/river-mastantuono-echeverri-contrato-goleador-demichelis_0_MQCeBDkYQE.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231102231824/https://www.ole.com.ar/river-plate/river-mastantuono-echeverri-contrato-goleador-demichelis_0_MQCeBDkYQE.html |archive-date=2 November 2023 |access-date=2 November 2023 |website=[[Olé (sports newspaper)|Olé]] |language=es}}</ref> == Ayyukan kulob din == === Farkon aiki === Mastantuono ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa yana da shekaru uku, yana wasa a River de Azul, inda mahaifinsa ya kasance kocin.<ref name="ib">{{Cite web |last=Gagliardi |first=Juan Franco |date=23 August 2023 |title=Quién es Franco Mastantuono, la joya que River Plate blindó por una millonaria cifra y está en la mira de Demichelis y Mascherano |trans-title=Who is Franco Mastantuono, the jewel that River Plate protected for a millionaire figure and is in the sights of Demichelis and Mascherano |url=https://www.infobae.com/deportes/2023/08/23/quien-es-franco-mastantuono-la-joya-que-river-plate-blindo-por-una-impactante-cifra-y-esta-en-la-mira-de-demichelis-y-mascherano/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240425135333/https://www.infobae.com/deportes/2023/08/23/quien-es-franco-mastantuono-la-joya-que-river-plate-blindo-por-una-impactante-cifra-y-esta-en-la-mira-de-demichelis-y-mascherano/ |archive-date=25 April 2024 |access-date=2 November 2023 |website=[[Infobae]] |language=es}}</ref> A shekara ta 2017, yayin da yake wasa a River de Azul, an gayyace shi zuwa gwaji tare da kwararru River Plate, amma duk da cewa an ba shi wuri a makarantar kimiyya, ya ki, saboda iyalinsa suna son ya ci gaba da bin aikin tennis.<ref name="ole">{{Cite web |last=Blotto |first=Martín |date=20 June 2023 |title=La historia de Franco Mastantuono, la otra joyita de la cantera de River |trans-title=The story of Franco Mastantuono, the other jewel of River's youth academy |url=https://www.ole.com.ar/river-plate/river-mastantuono-echeverri-contrato-goleador-demichelis_0_MQCeBDkYQE.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231102231824/https://www.ole.com.ar/river-plate/river-mastantuono-echeverri-contrato-goleador-demichelis_0_MQCeBDkYQE.html |archive-date=2 November 2023 |access-date=2 November 2023 |website=[[Olé (sports newspaper)|Olé]] |language=es}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFBlotto2023">Blotto, Martín (20 June 2023). </cite></ref><ref name="ib" /> Maimakon haka, ya sanya hannu ga Club Cemento yana da shekara goma sha ɗaya.<ref name="ib" /> === Kogin Kogin === Shekaru biyu bayan haka, a cikin 2019, Mastantuono ya yanke shawarar karɓar tayin River Plate, kuma ya koma kulob din da ke [[Buenos Aires]], inda ya fara fitowa ga matasa a wasan karshe na kakar 2019, yayin da matasa suka lashe gasar. <ref name="ib">{{Cite web |last=Gagliardi |first=Juan Franco |date=23 August 2023 |title=Quién es Franco Mastantuono, la joya que River Plate blindó por una millonaria cifra y está en la mira de Demichelis y Mascherano |trans-title=Who is Franco Mastantuono, the jewel that River Plate protected for a millionaire figure and is in the sights of Demichelis and Mascherano |url=https://www.infobae.com/deportes/2023/08/23/quien-es-franco-mastantuono-la-joya-que-river-plate-blindo-por-una-impactante-cifra-y-esta-en-la-mira-de-demichelis-y-mascherano/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240425135333/https://www.infobae.com/deportes/2023/08/23/quien-es-franco-mastantuono-la-joya-que-river-plate-blindo-por-una-impactante-cifra-y-esta-en-la-mira-de-demichelis-y-mascherano/ |archive-date=25 April 2024 |access-date=2 November 2023 |website=[[Infobae]] |language=es}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFGagliardi2023">Gagliardi, Juan Franco (23 August 2023). </cite></ref> A shekara mai zuwa, an yi masa rajista don gasa ta AFA, amma an katse lokacinsa saboda annobar COVID-19 a Argentina.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kunz |first=Ubaldo |date=23 August 2023 |title=La increíble historia de Franco Mastantuono: la joya de River que casi deja el fútbol por el tenis |trans-title=The incredible story of Franco Mastantuono: the jewel of River who almost left football for tennis |url=https://lapaginamillonaria.com/riverplate/la-increible-historia-de-franco-mastantuono-la-joya-de-las-inferiores-de-river-que-casi-deja-el-futbol-por-el-tenis-20230823-LPM-16684.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231103133040/https://lapaginamillonaria.com/riverplate/la-increible-historia-de-franco-mastantuono-la-joya-de-las-inferiores-de-river-que-casi-deja-el-futbol-por-el-tenis-20230823-LPM-16684.html |archive-date=3 November 2023 |access-date=2 November 2023 |website=lapaginamillonaria.com |language=es}}</ref> [maɓuɓɓugar da ba za a iya dogara da ita ba?]<span class="noprint Inline-Template" mwt27="" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="The material near this tag may rely on an unreliable source. The page has a poor reputation for checking the facts (like misspelling Labruna's name, wrongly reporting on the history of the club's shirt, making far-fetched speculations in various occasions, etc.), lacks meaningful editorial oversight, and has a possible conflict of interest. (April 2026)">unreliable source?</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;<nowiki>?","href":"./Template:Unreliable_source%3F"},"params":{"date":{"wt":"April 2026"},"reason":{"wt":"The page has a poor reputation for checking the facts (like misspelling Labruna's name, wrongly reporting on the history of the club's shirt, making far-fetched speculations in various occasions, etc.), lacks meaningful editorial oversight, and has a possible conflict of interest."}},"i":0}}]}" data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" id="mwSQ" typeof="mw:Transclusion"> </nowiki></span> Mastantuono ya ci gaba da ci gaba ta hanyar makarantar River Plate, kuma a watan Agustan 2023, ya sanya hannu kan kwangilarsa ta farko tare da kulob din - yarjejeniyar shekaru biyu tare da sakin Yuro miliyan 30.[1] A watan da ya biyo baya, kocin Martín Demichelis ya kira shi zuwa horo na farko.[2] [maɓuɓɓugar da ba za a iya dogara da ita ba?] A shekara mai zuwa, an haɗa Mastantuono a cikin tawagar River Plate don shirye-shiryen su na farko, bayan da aka kira shi tare da wasu 'yan wasan matasa da kocin Martín Demichelis ya kira shi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 January 2024 |title=Franco Mastantuono, a días de comenzar la pretemporada con el plantel profesional de River |trans-title=Franco Mastantuono, days away from starting the preseason with River's professional team |url=https://www.diarioeltiempo.com.ar/nota-franco-mastantuono--a-dias-de-comenzar-la-pretemporada-con-el-plantel-profesional-de-river--197196 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216173640/https://www.diarioeltiempo.com.ar/nota-franco-mastantuono--a-dias-de-comenzar-la-pretemporada-con-el-plantel-profesional-de-river--197196 |archive-date=16 February 2024 |access-date=16 February 2024 |website=diarioeltiempo.com.ar |language=es}}</ref> Ya fara bugawa kulob din wasa na farko a wasan sada zumunci da 'yan adawar Mexico Monterrey, kafin ya buga wasan sada zumunta da Pachuca.<ref>{{Cite web |last=García |first=Gonzalo |date=31 January 2024 |title=Quién es Franco Mastantuono, la nueva joya de River que en la pretemporada y debutó oficialmente ante Argentinos Juniors |trans-title=Who is Franco Mastantuono, River's new jewel who made his official debut against Argentinos Juniors in the preseason |url=https://www.goal.com/es/noticias/quien-es-franco-mastantuono-la-nueva-joya-de-river-contrato/blt99dcefae9d4f08e1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216175138/https://www.goal.com/es/noticias/quien-es-franco-mastantuono-la-nueva-joya-de-river-contrato/blt99dcefae9d4f08e1 |archive-date=16 February 2024 |access-date=16 February 2024 |website=goal.com |language=es}}</ref> A karshen watan Janairun 2024, ya zama dan wasa na uku mafi ƙanƙanta na River Plate a cikin gasa ta hukuma, bayan Omar Rossi da Mateo Musacchio, lokacin da ya zo a matsayin mai maye gurbin Facundo Colidio a cikin River's 1-1 Copa de la Liga Profesional draw tare da Argentinos Juniors . <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 January 2024 |title=Mastantuono debutó en River e hizo historia |trans-title=Mastantuono debuted in River and made history |url=https://www.ole.com.ar/river-plate/river-franco-mastantuono-debut-primera-record-top-argentinos_0_Bn4Evo4pon.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216173639/https://www.ole.com.ar/river-plate/river-franco-mastantuono-debut-primera-record-top-argentinos_0_Bn4Evo4pon.html |archive-date=16 February 2024 |access-date=16 February 2024 |website=[[Olé (sports newspaper)|Olé]] |language=es}}</ref> Mastantuono ya zira kwallaye na farko ga kulob din a wasan 3-0 na Copa Argentina da ya ci Excursionistas a ranar 8 ga Fabrairu 2024; bayan ya fara wasan, ya jefa kwallon da ya wuce mai tsaron gidan Excursionista Nahuel Cajal a minti na 68. A yin haka, ya zama ƙaramin mai zira kwallaye na River, ya doke rikodin da ke hannun Javier Saviola. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Marroquín |first=Emmanuel R. |date=8 February 2024 |title=Gol de Franco Mastantuono lo convierte el jugador de River Plate más joven en anotar |trans-title=Franco Mastantuono's goal makes him the youngest River Plate player to score |url=https://www.tudn.com/futbol/argentina-primera/river-plate-gol-franco-mastantuono-convierte-jugador-mas-joven-club-anotar |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216173638/https://www.tudn.com/futbol/argentina-primera/river-plate-gol-franco-mastantuono-convierte-jugador-mas-joven-club-anotar |archive-date=16 February 2024 |access-date=16 February 2024 |website=tudn.com |language=es}}</ref> Bayan ya kafa kansa a matsayin mai tsayawa a cikin saitin farko, kiran da magoya baya suka yi wa Mastantuono don yin wasa da yawa ya yi watsi da shi ta hanyar kocin Martín Demichelis, tare da tsohon mai tsaron gidan River Plate Reinaldo Merlo yana mai cewa, yayin da ya nuna iyawarsa, bai kasance a shirye ya fito a kai a kai ba.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 February 2024 |title=Sin vueltas: "Mastantuono no está para 90 minutos" |trans-title=No twists: "Mastantuono is not there for 90 minutes" |url=https://tntsports.com.ar/ligaprofesional/sin-vueltas-mastantuono-no-esta-90-minutos-20240215-0032.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216173640/https://tntsports.com.ar/ligaprofesional/sin-vueltas-mastantuono-no-esta-90-minutos-20240215-0032.html |archive-date=16 February 2024 |access-date=16 February 2024 |website=tntsports.com.ar |language=es}}</ref> Bayan Demichelis ya bar Marcelo Gallardo ya karɓi mulki yana ba shi ƙarin minti kuma yana sa shi ya bayyana a kai a kai.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cristófalo |first=Ariel |date=11 November 2024 |title=Que la gente crezca: el plan de Gallardo para gestionar el talento de Mastantuono |url=https://www.ole.com.ar/equipos/river-plate/river-plate-marcelo-gallardo-jovenes-franco-mastantuono-claudio-echeverri_0_fq3rUg22iS.html |access-date=10 June 2025 |website=[[Olé (sports newspaper)|Olé]] |language=es-AR}}</ref> A cikin Superclásico da Boca Juniors, Mastantuono ya zira kwallaye kyauta daga mita 28 zuwa saman kusurwar hagu, yana mai da shi dan wasa na biyu mafi ƙanƙanta da ya zira kwata a Superclánico kuma River Plate mafi ƙanci ya zira kwando a daya.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Barnade |first=Oscar |date=27 April 2025 |title=Franco Mastantuono hizo un gol de antología y para los libros del Superclásico: es el goleador de River más joven contra Boca en la historia |url=https://www.clarin.com/deportes/franco-mastantuono-hizo-gol-antologia-libros-superclasico-goleador-river-joven-boca-historia_0_hYjghhgy0N.html |access-date=10 June 2025 |website=Clarín |language=es}}</ref> === Real Madrid === A ranar 13 ga Yuni 2025, kulob din La Liga [[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]] ya ba da sanarwar cewa Mastantuono zai shiga kulob din a ranar haihuwarsa ta 18, 14 ga watan Agusta, ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekaru shida tare da Los Blancos . <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 June 2025 |title=Official Announcement: Mastantuono |url=https://www.realmadrid.com/en-US/news/club/announcements/comunicado-oficial-mastantuono-13-06-2025 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250613133249/https://www.realmadrid.com/en-US/news/club/announcements/comunicado-oficial-mastantuono-13-06-2025 |archive-date=13 June 2025 |access-date=13 June 2025 |publisher=[[Real Madrid CF]]}}</ref> Yarjejeniyar ta kai Yuro miliyan 45, tare da Madrid ta haifar da sakin sa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=13 June 2025 |title=Ejecución de cláusula de rescisión – Franco Mastantuono |trans-title=Execution of the release clause – Franco Mastantuono |url=https://www.cariverplate.com.ar/ejecuci-n-de-cl-usula-de-rescisi-n-franco-mastantuono |access-date=13 June 2025 |publisher=Club Atlético River Plate |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Millington |first=Adam |date=13 June 2025 |title=Franco Mastantuono: Real Madrid sign Argentina record breaker from River Plate |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/articles/cn8z3rkj4eko |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250613144736/https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/articles/cn8z3rkj4eko |archive-date=13 June 2025 |access-date=13 June 2025 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref>&nbsp; A ranar 14 ga watan Agustan 2025, Real Madrid ta gabatar da Mastantuono a hukumance.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 August 2025 |title=Mastantuono signs his Real Madrid contract |url=https://www.realmadrid.com/en-US/news/football/first-team/latest-news/mastantuono-firmo-su-contrato-con-el-real-madrid-14-08-2025 |access-date=14 August 2025 |publisher=Real Madrid CF}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Langell |first=Amanda |date=14 August 2025 |title=Franco Mastantuono's Surprising Real Madrid Shirt Number Confirmed |url=https://www.si.com/soccer/franco-mastantuono-surprising-real-madrid-shirt-number-confirmed |access-date=14 August 2025 |publisher=[[Sports Illustrated]] |language=en-US}}</ref> An ba shi lambar 30 shirt, lambar da ya sa a kulob din da ya gabata.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 August 2025 |title=Mastantuono unveiled as new Real Madrid player |url=https://www.realmadrid.com/en-US/news/football/first-team/latest-news/mastantuono-presentado-como-nuevo-jugador-del-real-madrid-14-08-2025 |access-date=14 August 2025 |publisher=Real Madrid CF}}</ref> Ya fara bugawa Madrid wasa a ranar 19 ga watan Agusta 2025, ya zo a matsayin mai maye gurbin a nasarar 1-0 a kan Osasuna . <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 August 2025 |title=Carreras and Mastantuono make their official Real Madrid debuts |url=https://www.realmadrid.com/en-US/news/football/first-team/latest-news/carreras-y-mastantuono-debutan-en-partido-oficial-con-el-real-madrid-19-08-2025 |access-date=19 August 2025 |publisher=[[Real Madrid CF]]}}</ref> A ranar 16 ga watan Satumba, yana da shekaru 18 da kwanaki 33, Mastantuono ya wuce rikodin abokin aikinsa [[Endrick Felipe|Endrick]] da kwanaki 40 don zama dan wasa mafi ƙanƙanta da ya fara wa Real Madrid a [[UEFA Champions League|Gasar Zakarun Turai ta UEFA]], wanda ya nuna a cikin nasarar da kungiyar ta samu 2-1 a kan Marseille.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 September 2025 |title=Mastantuono becomes youngest starter for Real Madrid in Champions League |url=https://apnews.com/article/mastantuono-youngest-real-madrid-champions-league-4b629c2cb6a78af386f862812be3fdb8 |access-date=17 September 2025 |publisher=Associated Press}}</ref> A ranar 23 ga watan Satumba, ya zira kwallaye na farko ga Los Blancos, inda ya samu bayan raga a nasarar da Madrid ta samu 4-1 a Levante.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abraham |first=Timothy |date=23 September 2025 |title=Levante 1–4 Real Madrid: Kylian Mbappé scores twice as Xabi Alonso's side notch up their sixth consecutive win in La Liga |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/live/c4g90w32pe2t |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250923220432/https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/live/c4g90w32pe2t |archive-date=23 September 2025 |access-date=23 September 2025 |website=BBC Sport |publisher=BBC}}</ref> A ranar 20 ga watan Janairun 2026, ya zira kwallaye na farko a gasar zakarun Turai a nasarar 6-1 a kan Monaco.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Emons |first=Michael |date=20 January 2026 |title=Real Madrid 6–1 Monaco: Kylian Mbappé scores twice against former club in convincing win |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/live/cedwvw4nwppt |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260120221934/https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/live/cedwvw4nwppt |archive-date=20 January 2026 |access-date=20 January 2026 |website=BBC Sport |publisher=BBC}}</ref> == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == An haife shi kuma ya girma a Argentina, Mastantuono ya fito ne daga asalin Italiya kuma yana da 'yan asalin Argentina da Italiya.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 May 2024 |title=Chi è Franco Mastantuono: il sedicenne da 45 milioni di euro nel mirino del Real Madrid &#124; Goal.com Italia |url=https://www.goal.com/it/liste/chi-e-franco-mastantuono-il-sedicenne-da-45-milioni-di-euro-nel-mirino-del-real-madrid/blt4631fa59c1b42884 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241224083705/https://www.goal.com/it/liste/chi-e-franco-mastantuono-il-sedicenne-da-45-milioni-di-euro-nel-mirino-del-real-madrid/blt4631fa59c1b42884 |archive-date=24 December 2024 |access-date=15 October 2024 |website=goal.com}}</ref> Kocin Pablo Aimar ne ya fara kiransa zuwa tawagar 'yan kasa da shekaru 17 ta Argentina yayin da yake da goma sha biyar kawai.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Casazza |first=Gabriel |date=21 February 2023 |title=¿Quién es Franco Mastantuono, la joya que ilusiona a todos los hinchas de River? |trans-title=Who is Franco Mastantuono, the jewel that excites all River fans? |url=https://bolavip.com/ar/river/Quien-es-Franco-Mastantuono-la-joya-que-ilusiona-a-todos-los-hinchas-de-River-20230221-0037.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231103043419/https://bolavip.com/ar/river/Quien-es-Franco-Mastantuono-la-joya-que-ilusiona-a-todos-los-hinchas-de-River-20230221-0037.html |archive-date=3 November 2023 |access-date=2 November 2023 |website=bolavip.com |language=es}}</ref> Ayyukansa masu ban sha'awa tare da kungiyoyin matasa na River Plate sun ja hankalin kocin kungiyar 'yan kasa da shekaru 20 na Argentina Javier Mascherano, wanda ya kira shi don horar da kungiyar a tsakiyar 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gagliardi |first=Juan Franco |date=7 September 2022 |title=Tiene 15 años, es una de las joyas de River Plate y Javier Mascherano lo convocó a la Selección Sub 20 |trans-title=He is 15 years old, he is one of the jewels of River Plate and Javier Mascherano called him up to the Under 20 National Team |url=https://www.infobae.com/deportes/2022/09/07/tiene-15-anos-es-una-de-las-joyas-de-river-plate-y-javier-mascherano-lo-convoco-a-la-seleccion-sub-20/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231208230600/https://www.infobae.com/deportes/2022/09/07/tiene-15-anos-es-una-de-las-joyas-de-river-plate-y-javier-mascherano-lo-convoco-a-la-seleccion-sub-20/ |archive-date=8 December 2023 |access-date=2 November 2023 |website=mundoalbiceleste}}</ref> A ƙarshen Mayu 2025, Mastantuono ya sami kira na farko ga Babban kungiyar Argentina ta [[Lionel Scaloni]] don wasannin cancantar gasar cin kofin duniya ta 2026 da Chile da Colombia. <ref>{{Cite web |date=31 May 2025 |title=Franco Mastantuono called up to Argentina squad and he'll share the pitch with Lionel Messi |url=https://www.beinsports.com/en-us/soccer/wc-qualification-south-america/articles-video/franco-mastantuono-called-up-to-argentina-squad-and-he-ll-share-the-pitch-with-lionel-messi-2025-05-31 |access-date=5 June 2025 |website=beinsports.com}}</ref> Bayan 'yan kwanaki, a ranar 5 ga Yuni, ya fara bugawa kasa da kasa ta hanyar maye gurbin Thiago Almada a cikin nasara 1-0 a kan Chile, ya zama dan wasan farko na kasarsa a shekaru 17 da kwanaki 296, ya wuce rikodin da Adolfo Heisinger ya yi a baya.<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 June 2025 |title=Franco Mastantuono debutó con la Selección Argentina e hizo historia |url=https://espndeportes.espn.com/futbol/mundial/nota/_/id/15277050/franco-mastantuono-debut-seleccion-argentina-record-historico |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250606030140/https://espndeportes.espn.com/futbol/mundial/nota/_/id/15277050/franco-mastantuono-debut-seleccion-argentina-record-historico |archive-date=6 June 2025 |access-date=6 June 2025 |publisher=ESPN Deportes |language=es}}</ref> == Hanyar wasa == Dan wasan tsakiya na hagu, mai horar da matasa na River Plate Martín Pellegrino ya bayyana Mastantuono a matsayin mai iya yin wasa a matsayin mai shiga tsakani, dan wasan tsakiya mai yin wasa ko mai gaba, yana lura da ikonsa na buga kwallon. Mataimakin kocin kungiyar ajiyar River Plate, Pablo Fernández, ya kuma yaba da kwarewarsa na buga kwallon, da kuma ikonsa na zira kwallaye daga free-kicks da kuma doke 'yan wasa daya-da-daya. Mastantuono da kansa ya bayyana cewa yana kallon masu gaba na River Plate Ignacio Fernández da Matías Suárez, da kuma ɗan'uwansa na Argentina [[Julián Álvarez|Julián Alvarez]] da irin su [[Phil Foden]] da [[Neymar]], kuma yana ƙoƙari ya tsara salon wasansa a kansu.<ref name="ib">{{Cite web |last=Gagliardi |first=Juan Franco |date=23 August 2023 |title=Quién es Franco Mastantuono, la joya que River Plate blindó por una millonaria cifra y está en la mira de Demichelis y Mascherano |trans-title=Who is Franco Mastantuono, the jewel that River Plate protected for a millionaire figure and is in the sights of Demichelis and Mascherano |url=https://www.infobae.com/deportes/2023/08/23/quien-es-franco-mastantuono-la-joya-que-river-plate-blindo-por-una-impactante-cifra-y-esta-en-la-mira-de-demichelis-y-mascherano/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240425135333/https://www.infobae.com/deportes/2023/08/23/quien-es-franco-mastantuono-la-joya-que-river-plate-blindo-por-una-impactante-cifra-y-esta-en-la-mira-de-demichelis-y-mascherano/ |archive-date=25 April 2024 |access-date=2 November 2023 |website=[[Infobae]] |language=es}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFGagliardi2023">Gagliardi, Juan Franco (23 August 2023). </cite></ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 6c6k2ez76kacemk3guh0l31w0f72i48 0 123167 878919 875526 2026-07-08T11:04:43Z Abdulrahman tahir shika 24962 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345260295|Fidelis Duker]]" 878919 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Fidelis Duker''' fitaccen mai shirya fina-finai ne na Najeriya kuma mai shirya bikin fina-finai. == Sana'a == Duker ya fara aikinsa ne a shekarar 1988 yana rubuta wasan kwaikwayo a [[Hukumar Talabijin ta Najeriya|NTA]], gidan talabijin na jama'a na Najeriya. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2022)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> A shekarar 2003, Duker ya kafa manufar bikin fina-finai na kasa da kasa na Abuja (AIFF), daya daga cikin manyan bukukuwan fina-finai na Afirka da suka fi dadewa ana gudanarwa duk shekara a Abuja ta Najeriya, wanda shi ne ya kafa taron a karo na 18 a shekarar 2021. == Naɗi da kuma amincewa == Ma’anar “Lifetime Achievement Award”: lambar yabo ce da ake bai wa mutum saboda manyan nasarori da gudummawar da ya bayar a tsawon rayuwarsa ko aikinsa. 23, an nada Duker a matsayin daya daga cikin membobin alkalan gasar cin kofin fina-finai da talabijin ta Pan African da ke Ouagadougou, FESPACO. == Fim ɗin fim == * Ese Atijo – Yarbawa – 1993 * Skeleton – Igbo – 1994 * Nemesis - Turanci - 1995 * Ba Wasiyyata ba - Turanci - 1996 * Nemesis 2 – Turanci - 1996 * Badakaloli - Turanci - 1997 * An ƙaddara mutuwa 1 - Turanci - 1997 * Badakaloli 2 - Turanci - 1998 * An ƙaddara don mutuwa 2 – Turanci - 1998 * 'Yan'uwan Blood - Turanci - 1998 * Visa Zuwa Jahannama – Turanci - 1999 * Sarkin Kudi – Turanci - 1999 * Likita Mutuwa - Turanci - 2000 * Maƙiyi a Ciki - Turanci - 2001 * Soyayya Mai Tsarki - Turanci - 2002 * Hot Passion - Turanci - 2002 * Baka Boys – Turanci - 2003 * Ma'aikatan Jinya na Dare - Turanci - 2003 * Jesu Mushin – Turanci – 2004 * Aljanna a Amurka - 2005 * London Blues - Turanci - 2006 * Hanyar Ƙarshe – Turanci 2007 * Senseless – Hausa - 2008 <ref>{{Cite web |last=Seedorf161 |date=2016-05-14 |title=Senseless Love (Pt. 1) [Starr. Segun Arinze, Bimbo Akintola, Kanayo Kanayo, Femi Branch, Ngozi Ezeonu] |url=https://www.thenetnaija.com/videos/nollywood/3432-senseless-love-pt-1-segun-arinze-bimbo-akintola-kanayo-kanayo-femi |access-date=2021-11-16 |website=NetNaija |language=en}}</ref> starring [[Segun Arinze]], [[Bimbo Akintola]], [[Kanayo O. Kanayo|Kanayo Kanayo]], [[Femi Branch]], [[Ngozi Ezeonu]] * Kuɗi da Ɗauka - Turanci - 2009 * Asiri Ile – Yoruba - 2009 * Onyeama – Igbo – 2010 * Sade Oloso – Yoruba - 2011 * Dada Oni Paki – Yoruba - 2012 == Shirye-shiryen talabijin == * Hotuna - Jerin Talabijin - 2001 * Eldorado - shirin talabijin - 2005 * 'Yan Matan Ƙofar Gaba – 2007 * Yara Kadai – 2008 == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{IMDb name|2105216}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Duker, Fidelis}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 1nhl66a5kg4jufeqqlf9xfat89tzlf5 0 123187 878752 801268 2026-07-08T02:16:41Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878752 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {{Gyara mukala}} "Hard Headed Woman" waƙar dutse ce da [[Elvis Presley]] ya rubuta kuma kamfanin wallafe-wallafen Presley ne ya buga ta, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hard Headed Woman / Don't Ask Me Why – elvisrecords.com |url=https://www.elvisrecords.com/hard-headed-woman-dont-ask-me-why/ |access-date=2024-08-07 |website=www.elvisrecords.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hard Headed Woman |url=https://www.elvisthemusic.com/es/track/hard-headed-woman-8/ |access-date=2024-06-09 |website=Elvis Presley Official Site |language=es-ES}}</ref> a shekarar 1958. Yana da nau'in Amurka 12 da marubucin waƙoƙin Afirka na Amurka Claude Demetrius ya rubuta. An fi rubuta shi a matsayin waƙar dutse da juzu'i ta Presley a matsayin wani ɓangare na sauti don fim dinsa Na 1 King Creole, kuma an haɗa shi a cikin kundin rikodin wannan sunan. An kuma saki waƙar a matsayin guda a cikin tsarin 78 RPM da 45 RPM.<ref>{{Cite web |title=78 Record: Elvis Presley With The Jordanaires - Hard Headed Woman (1958) |url=http://www.45worlds.com/78rpm/record/207280 |publisher=45 Worlds}}</ref> A shekara ta 1958, ya tafi No. 1 Yuli 21st a kan sigogi na ''Billboard'' kuma ya tafi No na 2 na makonni biyu a kan sashin R & B. <ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last3=Joel Whitburn}}</ref> Musamman, ya zama dutse na farko da ya zama guda don samun sunan RIAA na Gold Record.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lot Detail - RIAA Gold Record Award for Elvis Presley's 1958 Single "Hard Headed Woman" - ELVIS' FIRST CERTIFIED GOLD RECORD! |url=https://rockhurstauctions.com/RIAA_Gold_Record_Award_for_Elvis_Presley_s_1958_Si-LOT5800.aspx |access-date=2024-06-09 |website=rockhurstauctions.com |archive-date=2024-06-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240609130111/https://rockhurstauctions.com/RIAA_Gold_Record_Award_for_Elvis_Presley_s_1958_Si-LOT5800.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref> Lokacin da waƙar ta tafi lamba ɗaya, Elvis yana cikin Fort Hood Texas, yana yin horo na asali.&nbsp;&nbsp; Daga baya Wanda Jackson ta rubuta shi a cikin kundin Live at Town Hall Party 1958. An kuma saki "Hard Headed Woman" a matsayin 45 rpm kuma ya sami iska mai yawa a ƙarshen shekarun 1950.[1] Waƙar da aka yi a kan Jackson version ya haɗa da matsanancin amfani da murya, yana mai da wuya a faɗi idan mawaƙin namiji ne ko mace. == Kalmomin == Kalmomin waƙar suna kewaye da ra'ayin cewa "mata sun kasance matsala ga maza tun farkon duniya", wani batu da aka kwatanta ta hanyar misalai na siffofin Littafi Mai-Tsarki [[Adam|Adamu]] da [[Hauwa'u]], Samson da Delilah, da Yezebel. == Shafuka == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shafin (1958) !Matsayi mafi girma<br /> |-| {{Single chart|Flanders|17|artist=Elvis Presley|song=Hard Headed Woman|rowheader=true|access-date=23 June 2024}} |-| {{Single chart|Wallonia|30|artist=Elvis Presley|song=Hard Headed Woman|rowheader=true|access-date=23 June 2024}} |- |Kanada (CHUM Hit Parade) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hard Headed Woman / Don't Ask Me Why – elvisrecords.com |url=https://www.elvisrecords.com/hard-headed-woman-dont-ask-me-why/ |access-date=2024-08-07 |website=www.elvisrecords.com}}</ref> | align="center" |1 |- |Shafin 'yan wasa na Burtaniya<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hard Headed Woman |url=https://www.elvisthemusic.com/es/track/hard-headed-woman-8/ |access-date=2024-06-09 |website=Elvis Presley Official Site |language=es-ES}}</ref> | align="center" |2 |- |US ''Billboard'' Best Sellers in Stores <ref name=":0"/> | align="center" |1 |- |US ''Billboard'' Hot Country Singles <ref name=":0" /> | align="center" |2 |- |US ''Billboard'' Hot R&B Singles <ref name=":0" /> | align="center" |2 |- |US Cash Box Top 100 | align="center" |3 |} {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shafin (2007) !Matsayi mafi girma<br /> |-| {{single chart|Dutch100|78|artist=Elvis Presley|song=Hard Headed Woman|rowheader=true|access-date=23 June 2024}} |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} {{Authority control}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] nhg2wnhrpwc0wgcqbfmip9gyaezyq26 0 127708 878940 760639 2026-07-08T11:28:47Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878940 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Margaret Davies''' masanin ilimin dabbobi ne na Australiya wanda aka haife ta a ranar 8 ga Nuwamba 1944. Ta yi aiki a Jami'ar Adelaide tana nazarin [[Kwaɗo|kwari]] na Australiya, ta yi ritaya a shekara ta 2002. Da farko an nada ta a matsayin malami a jami'ar, an yi wahayi zuwa gare ta don yin bincike kan ilimin lissafi da muhalli daga shekarun 1970s. Ta gano fiye da sababbin nau'ikan kwari 30 a lokacin aikinta. Ta ba da gudummawa ga littattafai sama da 120.<ref name="TasHonourRoll2">{{Cite web |title=Dr Margaret Davies OAM |url=http://www.dpac.tas.gov.au/divisions/csr/programs_and_services/tasmanian_honour_roll_of_women/inductees/2015/dr_margaret_davies_oam |access-date=26 July 2016 |website=Tasmanian Honour Roll of Women Inductees 2015 |publisher=Tasmanian Government, Australia |archive-date=17 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160817075227/http://www.dpac.tas.gov.au/divisions/csr/programs_and_services/tasmanian_honour_roll_of_women/inductees/2015/dr_margaret_davies_oam |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ilimi == A shekara ta 1966 Davies ta kammala karatu tare da digiri na farko daga Jami'ar Tasmania sannan ta sami digiri na biyu daga Jami'an Kasa ta Australia da ke [[Kanberra|Canberra]].<ref name="TasHonourRoll">{{Cite web |title=Dr Margaret Davies OAM |url=http://www.dpac.tas.gov.au/divisions/csr/programs_and_services/tasmanian_honour_roll_of_women/inductees/2015/dr_margaret_davies_oam |access-date=26 July 2016 |website=Tasmanian Honour Roll of Women Inductees 2015 |publisher=Tasmanian Government, Australia |archive-date=17 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160817075227/http://www.dpac.tas.gov.au/divisions/csr/programs_and_services/tasmanian_honour_roll_of_women/inductees/2015/dr_margaret_davies_oam |url-status=dead }}</ref> Jami'ar Adelaide ce ta ba da digirin digirin digirinta don aiki a kan jinsin ''Uperoleia.''<ref name="ABClife">{{Cite web |last=Mitchell |first=Natasha |last2=Browning |first2=Julie |date=9 March 2014 |title=A frog's life: Herpetologist Margaret Davies |url=http://www.abc.net.au/radionational/programs/lifematters/frogs/5305848 |access-date=25 July 2016 |publisher=Australian Broadcasting Corporation}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka da girmamawa == A shekara ta 1996 ta sami Takardar shaidar Dean don Kyakkyawan Koyarwa a cikin horo na ilimin dabbobi daga Jami'ar Adelaide.<ref name="TasHonourRoll"/> Ita 'yar girmamawa ce ta Royal Society of South Australia (ta yi aiki a cikin majalisarta na tsawon shekaru 26) kuma an ba ta memba na Rayuwa na Australian Society of Herpetologists saboda hidimarta da gudummawa.<ref name="TasHonourRoll"/> A shekara ta 2014 an ba ta lambar yabo ta Order of Australia don hidimomi ga kimiyya a fagen herpetology.<ref name="ABClife"/> A shekara ta 2015 an sanya ta memba na Tasmanian Honour Roll of Women.<ref name="TasHonourRoll"/> An sanya sunan jinsin Davies (Uperoleia daviesae Young, Tyler & Kent, 2005) don girmama ta saboda wallafe-wallafen kimiyya sun fadada ilimin jinsin Uperoleia. ''Litoria daviesae'' Mahony, Knowles, Foster & Donnellan, 2001 an kuma sanya mata suna. == Nau'in da aka bayyana == * ''Cophixalus zweifeli'' * ''Crinia harsuna biyu'' * ''Crinia nimbus'' * ''Cyclorana vagitus'' * ''Limnodynastes lignarius'' * ''Litoria cavernicola'' * ''Litoria exophthalmia'' * ''Litoria longirostris'' * ''Litoria lorica'' * ''Litoria pallida'' * ''Litoria personata'' * ''Litoria piperata'' * Litoria mai ban sha'awa Kyakkyawan Itace Frog * ''Litoria umbonata'' * ''Litoria xanthomera'' * ''Mixophyes hihihorlo'' * ''Neobatrachus aquilonius'' * ''Rheobatrachus vitellinus'' * ''Uperoleia altissima'' * ''Uperoleia arenicola'' * ''Uperoleia aspera'' * ''Uperoleia borealis'' * ''Uperoleia capitulata'' * ''Uperoleia crassa'' * ''Uperoleia fusca'' * ''Uperoleia glandulosa'' * ''Uperoleia inundata'' * ''Uperoleia lithomoda'' * ''Uperoleia littlejohni'' * ''Uperoleia martini'' * ''Uperoleia micromeles'' * ''Uperoleia mimula'' * ''Uperoleia mafi ƙanƙanta'' * ''Uperoleia talpa'' * ''Uperoleia trachyderma'' * ''Uperoleia tyleri'' == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1944]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 7wvlnrx2hez5e65im0k6ke8ji4a304f 0 129122 878674 764361 2026-07-07T21:05:15Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878674 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Little Sugar Creek Greenway''' wani aiki ne na gyaran [[Linear park|wurin shakatawa]] da [[Stream restoration|rafuka]] a [[Mecklenburg County, North Carolina|gundumar Mecklenburg, North Carolina]] . Idan aka kammala shi, zai kunshi hanyoyi masu nisan mil ashirin da hanyoyin tafiya da aka shimfida daga [[Cordelia Park (Charlotte, North Carolina)|Cordelia Park]] a arewacin [[Charlotte center city|garin Charlotte]], sannan kudu zuwa tsakiyar [[Charlotte, North Carolina|garin Charlotte]], sannan ya ci gaba har zuwa layin jihar [[South Carolina]] . <ref name="sugarcreek2">{{Cite web |title=Mecklenburg County Park and Recreation: Little Sugar Creek Greenway |url=http://charmeck.org/mecklenburg/county/ParkandRec/Greenways/LittleSugarCreekGreenway/Pages/default.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120509235223/http://charmeck.org/mecklenburg/county/ParkandRec/Greenways/LittleSugarCreekGreenway/Pages/default.aspx |archive-date=2012-05-09 |access-date=2012-05-29}}</ref> Little Sugar Creek Greenway muhimmin bangare ne na Cross Charlotte Trail (XCLT) kuma wani bangare ne na [[Carolina Thread Trail]], wata hanyar sadarwa ta yankuna daban-daban da ke ratsa kananan hukumomi 15. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Carolina Thread Trail Fact Sheet |url=https://www.carolinathreadtrail.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Carolina-Thread-Trail-Fact-Sheet-2018.pdf |access-date=22 September 2021 |website=Carolina Thread Trail |publisher=Carolina Thread Trail}}</ref> Greenways ƙananan filayen ƙasa ne, an dasa su kuma an sami damar samar da wurin shakatawa na ɗan adam da namun daji. Greenways a gefen rafuffuka, kamar Little Sugar Creek, suna inganta ingancin ruwa kuma suna taimakawa wajen shawo kan ambaliyar ruwa. Akwai kimanin mil 37 na hanyoyin kore da aka haɓaka a gundumar Mecklenburg, wanda wannan ɗaya ne kawai. Shugaban Kwalejin Al'umma ta Central Piedmont, Tony Zeiss, ne ya jagoranci sassan birane biyu na Little Sugar Creek Greenway, kuma tare da haɗin gwiwar akwai hanyoyin tafiya mai nisan mil biyar daga East 7th Street zuwa kudu zuwa Brandywine Road. == Tarihi == === Little Sugar Creek === Ba kamar sauran manyan birane ba, Charlotte ba ta kan teku, tafki, ko wani babban kogi ba; yanayin ruwanta ya dogara ne akan ƙananan rafuffuka da rafuka, Little Sugar Creek wataƙila shine mafi shahara. Sunan Little Sugar Creek (wanda kuma ake kira Sugar Creek, sunan da aka yi amfani da shi ga abin da ake kira Irwin Creek yanzu) ya samo asali ne daga ƙabilar Sugaree 'yan asalin yankin. <ref name="Newsom">{{Cite web |last=Mary Newsom |date=March 26, 2015 |title=Little Sugar: The creek the city loved to hate |url=http://keepingwatch.org/programming/creeks/little-sugar-creek |access-date=March 30, 2015 |website=Keeping Watch |archive-date=March 30, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150330065757/http://keepingwatch.org/programming/creeks/little-sugar-creek |url-status=dead }}</ref> Bayan sun ratsa wasu tsoffin unguwannin Charlotte, bayan lokaci sassan Little Sugar Creek sun ɓoye ta gidaje, masana'antu, wuraren ajiye motoci, riprap, manyan hanyoyi, da magudanar ruwa. <ref name="Newsom"/> Kogin ya kuma gurɓata sosai sakamakon kwararar ruwa daga masana'antu da magudanar ruwa, da kuma shara. [[Fayil:Little_Sugar_Creek_flooding_on_12-31-15.jpg|thumb|Ambaliyar ruwa mai ƙarfi a Little Sugar Creek a watan Disamba na 2015. A shekarun 1990, ambaliyar ruwa ta yi barna mai yawa a gefen magudanar ruwa ta Sugar Creek.]] Kwanan nan a shekarar 2000, Little Sugar Creek ita ce "rafi mafi gurɓatawa a Charlotte-Mecklenburg, wani miyar datti mai ƙazanta da sharar masana'antu ke kwarara a ƙarƙashin benen ajiye motoci da gine-gine a gefen gari." Kasuwanci suna zubar da shara kai tsaye cikin ruwanta, hayakin ya yi muni sosai har aka ce yana cire fenti daga gine-ginen da ke kusa. Bugu da ƙari, dole ne a lalata gine-ginen da ambaliyar ruwa ta shafa, kuma yawancin rafin an rufe shi da siminti wanda dole ne a cire shi. An fara magance matsalar gurɓatawa lokacin da aka haramta amfani da bututun shara kai tsaye a shekarar 1998; duk da haka Little Sugar Creek Greenway ta zama mafi tsada wajen gyara rafi a gundumar Mecklenburg. <ref name="sweet" /> === Hanyar Greenway === A shekarar 1968, ɗan majalisar birnin Charlotte, Jerry Tuttle, wanda aka yi wahayi zuwa gare shi daga San Antonio's River Walk, ya gabatar da shawarar gina "tekun Charlotte" a garin Sugar Creek. A shekarar 1974, Hukumar Kula da Wuraren Shakatawa da Nishaɗi ta Gundumar Mecklenburg ta fara nazarin yuwuwar tsarin hanyar kore. An ƙirƙiri babban tsari a shekarar 1980 wanda ya ƙunshi rafuka 20 da rafuka. Rahoton ƙarshe ya dogara ne akan takardar digiri na biyu ga Joan Sigmon, ƙwararren masanin ilimin ƙasa a Jami'ar North Carolina da ke Charlotte . Kwamishinan gundumar Mecklenburg, Tom Ray, shi ma ya gabatar da ra'ayin tsarin hanyar kore mai cikakken tsari wanda aka sani da "Sugar Creek Projection 70" ya gabatar. Alƙaluma sun ƙara ƙarfafa gwiwa wajen kiyaye sararin kore a tsakiyar birnin. Bayan wannan yanayi na yau da kullun, Charlotte ta sami ci gaba a tsakiyar birnin yayin da sauran biranen ke rasa yawan jama'a a yankunan karkara. Sakamakon haka, "Sashen Wuraren Shakatawa da Nishaɗi na Gundumar Mecklenburg ya fara wani gagarumin sabuntawa ga shirin Greenways na farkon shekarun 1980 da 1991 ba wai kawai don faɗaɗa da ƙirƙirar sabbin hanyoyin kore ba, har ma don inganta hanyoyin da aka kafa." A ƙarshe, a shekarar 1999 an amince da tsarin bayar da lamuni; an yi amfani da kuɗin wajen siyan kadarori a gefen rafin, fara gina ko hanyoyin tafiya a kan titin da aka shimfida, gyara wuraren dausayi, gina lambunan ruwa, da kuma ƙaddamar da babban aikin gyara rafuka. A ƙarshe, ɓangaren birane na Little Sugar Creek Greenway ya ci dala miliyan 43. <ref name="sugarcreek">{{Cite web |title=Mecklenburg County Park and Recreation: Little Sugar Creek Greenway |url=http://charmeck.org/mecklenburg/county/ParkandRec/Greenways/LittleSugarCreekGreenway/Pages/default.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120509235223/http://charmeck.org/mecklenburg/county/ParkandRec/Greenways/LittleSugarCreekGreenway/Pages/default.aspx |archive-date=2012-05-09 |access-date=2012-05-29}}</ref> Duk da cewa babban shirin ya ci gaba da kasancewa jagora, amma ba a yi komai ba har zuwa shekarar 2000 lokacin da aka tsara shirin ci gaba na shekaru 10. Ma'aikatar Sufuri ta North Carolina ta sanar da kammala aikin layin dogo na Little Sugar Creek Greenway a wani biki da aka yi a ranar 24 ga Afrilu, 2012. == Ayyuka == * Tun daga shekarar 2011, ana gudanar da bikin ''Kings Drive Art Walk'' na shekara-shekara a kan titin kore tsakanin Midtown Park da Morehead Street. Yana ɗauke da masu fasaha da masu sana'a kuma ana gudanar da shi a ƙarshen watan Afrilu. * Kowace Alhamis da yamma, farawa daga ƙarshen Afrilu, MetLive tana gabatar da ''Music on the Greenway'' a kan dandamalin Metlive da ke kusa da ita a 1224 Metropolitan Avenue. * Shahararren ''Kasuwar Manoma ta Kings Drive'', wacce aka buɗe daga Afrilu zuwa Oktoba, tana kusa da titin kore a titin S Kings Drive da E Morehead. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 4bow2p8koetm9kned9ov2q0wi2ir3jv 0 130393 878930 767566 2026-07-08T11:15:31Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878930 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Margaret Ghogha Molomo''' 'yar [[Gudanar da muhalli|fafutukar kare muhalli]] ce ta Afirka ta Kudu wacce ke fafutukar kare muradun hakar [[Hakar ma'adinai|ma'adinai]] don kare [[Hakki zuwa lafiyayyen muhalli|haƙƙin muhalli mai lafiya]] . <ref name="UNHRSAtwitter2">{{Cite tweet|user=ohchr_sa|title=Margaret Ghogha Molomo is an environmental activist from #SouthAfrica. She fights against mining companies that violate people’s constitutional right to a healthy #environment. On #WomensDay we are celebrating our #humanrights defenders & hope you join us. #IWD #IStandWithHer|date=8 March 2021|access-date=24 March 2021}}</ref> Ta fito ne daga ƙauyen Masodi, [[Mokopane]] a [[Limpopo|lardin Limpopo]] na Afirka ta Kudu. <ref name="OHCHR20202">{{Cite web |date=29 December 2020 |title=South African environmental activist demands responsible business practices during COVID-19 |url=https://www.ohchr.org/EN/NewsEvents/Pages/Margaret-Molomo.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210203034015/https://www.ohchr.org/EN/NewsEvents/Pages/Margaret-Molomo.aspx |archive-date=3 February 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |website=United Nations Office of the High Commissioner}}</ref> == Fafutukar kare muhalli == Molomo ita ce shugabar ƙungiyar haɗin gwiwar ma'adinai da muhalli ta Afirka ta Kudu (MEJCON-SA) kuma mai kula da ƙungiyarta ta al'umma, Kwamitin Samar da Kopano. <ref name="OHCHR2020">{{Cite web |date=29 December 2020 |title=South African environmental activist demands responsible business practices during COVID-19 |url=https://www.ohchr.org/EN/NewsEvents/Pages/Margaret-Molomo.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210203034015/https://www.ohchr.org/EN/NewsEvents/Pages/Margaret-Molomo.aspx |archive-date=3 February 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |website=United Nations Office of the High Commissioner}}</ref> MEJCON-SA ƙungiya ce da ke daidaita ƙungiyoyi waɗanda haƙƙoƙinsu ya shafa sakamakon haƙar ma'adinai a yankin, <ref name="CentreForEnvironmentalRights">{{Cite web |last=Centre for Environmental Rights |title=Mining and Environmental Justice Community Network of South Africa |url=https://cer.org.za/programmes/mining/mining-and-environmental-justice-community-network-of-south-africa |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210118165141/https://cer.org.za/programmes/mining/mining-and-environmental-justice-community-network-of-south-africa |archive-date=18 January 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |website=Centre for Environmental Rights |language=en-ZA}}</ref> tana aiki tun daga shekarar 2012. <ref name="MEJCON-SA">{{Cite web |title=About |url=https://mejcon.org.za/about |access-date=2021-03-24 |website=MEJCON-SA |language=en-ZA |archive-date=2021-05-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501220619/https://mejcon.org.za/about |url-status=dead }}</ref> Molomo ya taimaka wa al'ummar Mokopane a wata takaddama da wani kamfanin hakar ma'adinai na platinum wanda ya yi ƙoƙarin yin aiki a kan ƙasar da al'ummar Mokopane, Limpopo ke amfani da ita, ba tare da amincewarsu ba. Bugu da ƙari, ma'adinan yana gudanar da ayyukan haƙar ma'adinai a kan filayen da aka keɓe don amfanin gona da kuma a yankunan da ke ɗauke da wasu kaburburan al'umma. Molomo da MEJCON sun nemi kare haƙƙin al'umma ta hanyar shigar da ƙarar shari'a da kuma gudanar da shari'o'in kotu. <ref name="OHCHR2020"/> === Kungiyoyin fafutuka a lokacin annobar COVID-19 === A lokacin [[Murar Mashaƙo 2019|annobar COVID-19]], yayin da aikin Molomo ya yi wahala sosai saboda rashin iya taruwa don yin [[zanga-zanga]] da kuma rashin kayayyakin sadarwa a yankunan karkara na Afirka ta Kudu, ta yi aiki don wayar da kan jama'a game da al'adu da nauyin da ke kan mata a kauyukan Limpopo, wadanda da yawa daga cikinsu ma an sanya su cikin mawuyacin hali ko kuma ba za a iya yi ba saboda annobar. Ta nuna damuwa musamman cewa kamfanonin hakar ma'adinai na iya amfani da rashin iyawar mutanen karkara na yin amfani da [[Hakkokin al'adu|hakkokinsu na al'adu]] ta hanyar ƙara yin kutse a kan filayen kakanninsu da wuraren da suka fi muhimmanci a al'ada. <ref name="Frontlines2020">{{Cite web |last=Duihi |first=Aicha |date=December 2020 |title=On The Front Lines: Defending Rights in the Time of COVID-19 |url=https://www.ohchr.org/Documents/Issues/Women/WRGS/DefendingRightsinthetimeofCovid-19.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114015117/https://www.ohchr.org/Documents/Issues/Women/WRGS/DefendingRightsinthetimeofCovid-19.pdf |archive-date=14 January 2021 |access-date=24 March 2021 |website=The Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (UN Human Rights)}}</ref> <ref name="OHCHR2020"/> == Ƙungiyar Mata == Molomo ta kasance mai himma wajen fafutukar kare haƙƙin mata, gami da ikon mata na noma abinci da kiyaye al'adunsu. <ref name="OHCHR2020"/> [[Murar Mashaƙo 2019|Annobar COVID-19]] ta shafi ayyukan rayuwar yau da kullun na matan Afirka, waɗanda suka haɗa da tattara abinci da ruwa don girki da dumamawa a lokacin hunturu. Saboda wannan katsewar, waɗannan ayyuka da ƙoƙarin sun wargaje, saboda ba su iya gudanar da ayyuka kamar tafiya zuwa gari don sayar da amfanin gona don samun kuɗi ba. <ref name="OHCHR2020" /> Takaita zirga-zirga kuma ya rage al'adun al'adu kamar ziyartar tsaunuka don bukukuwan fara aiki na shekara-shekara, tattara ganye don bikin ruwan sama, da ziyartar makabarta, waɗanda suke da mahimmanci ga al'umma amma musamman mata. Al'ummar Molomo ta yi fafutukar kare wuraren tarihi daga haƙar ma'adinai saboda wannan ƙalubalen. <ref name="OHCHR2020" /> Molomo ta jawo hankali ga mummunan tasirin da dakatar da ayyukan rayuwa na yau da kullun ya yi, ba kawai ga al'umma baki ɗaya ba, har ma da jin daɗin mata. Molomo ta kuma jaddada nauyin da mata ke fuskanta musamman daga tasirin muhalli na [[Hakar ma'adinai|ayyukan haƙar ma'adinai]] marasa bin ƙa'ida, ganin cewa galibi ana barin mata su kula da dangin da suka yi rashin lafiya saboda gurɓataccen iska da ruwa. Bugu da ƙari, saboda ayyukan haƙar ma'adinai, mata za su yi tafiya mai nisa don ɗebo ruwa yayin da [[Rijiyar burtsatse|ramukan rijiyoyin]] da ke kusa suka bushe, kuma ƙurar haƙar ma'adinai da irin waɗannan ayyukan ke haifarwa yana haifar da ayyukan tsaftacewa marasa iyaka a gida. <ref name="OHCHR2020"/> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] ei4k612jsjbkfpxvh3f1zjcet2b0ncw 0 131847 878921 770746 2026-07-08T11:07:42Z Abdurra'uf 23412 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1360795881|Shlomo Avineri]]" 878921 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  '''Shlomo Avineri''' ( [[Ibrananci]] : שלמה אבינרי; {{Lrm}} '''Jerzy Wiener''' ; 20 ga Agusta 1933 - 30 Nuwamba 2023) masanin [[kimiyyar siyasa]] ne na Isra'ila. Farfesa ne a [[Kimiyyar siyasa|Kimiyyar Siyasa]] a [[Jami'ar Ibraniyawa ta Kudus|Jami'ar Ibrananci]] ta [[Jerusalem|Urushalima]] kuma memba ne na Kwalejin Kimiyya da Bil Adama ta Isra'ila . <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Department of Political Science, The Hebrew Univers of Jerusalem |url=http://politics.huji.ac.il/faculty_one.asp?id=177 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721135029/http://politics.huji.ac.il/faculty_one.asp?id=177 |archive-date=2011-07-21 |access-date=2010-10-31 |website=Politics.huji.ac.il}}</ref> Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin farfesa mai ziyara a Jami'ar Tsakiyar Turai da ke [[Budapest]], <ref>{{Cite web |title=Jewish Studies Program, Central European University: About |url=http://web.ceu.hu/jewishstudies/faculty.htm#avineri |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210511093146/http://web.ceu.hu/jewishstudies/faculty.htm#avineri |archive-date=11 May 2021 |access-date=9 November 2021 |website=Web.ceu.hu}}</ref> kuma a matsayin abokin aiki a cibiyar tunani ta ilimi da ke [[München|Munich]] ''Centrum für angewandte Politikforschung,'' yana ba da shawara ga 'yan siyasa. Avineri ya mutu a ranar 30 ga Nuwamba 2023 yana da shekaru 90. == Ra'ayoyi == Avineri ya yi rubuce-rubuce da yawa kan tarihin falsafar siyasa, musamman kan tunanin siyasa na [[Karl Marx]], Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, da kuma kan ka'idojin siyasa na farko na Yahudawan Isra'ila na Moses Hess da Theodor Herzl . Ya kuma rubuta littattafai da kasidu da dama kan harkokin Gabas ta Tsakiya da harkokin ƙasa da ƙasa. Avineri ya ba da gudummawa wajen sake duba tunanin siyasa na Hegel da kuma nuna ra'ayin jama'a na Hegel. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2017)">an buƙata ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Avineri shi ma ya shiga cikin muhawarar da aka yi kan rusa Tarayyar Soviet . Ya yi jayayya cewa tsarin [[Rasha]] kafin shekarar 1917 ne, da kuma al'adun kama-karya na gwamnatin Rasha da kuma ƙungiyoyin farar hula masu rauni, ne suka tura juyin juya halin Oktoba zuwa ga ci gabanta na danniya. Tarihin rayuwarsa ta ilimi game da Herzl ya nuna yadda ci gaba a Daular Austro-Hungary ta asali, maimakon Al'amarin Dreyfus a [[Faransa]], ya shawo kan Herzl game da gazawar 'yancin Yahudawa a Turai da kuma buƙatar nemo mafita ta siyasa ga Yahudawa, bisa ga [[Ƙaddamar da kai|ikon mallakar]] ƙasa, a wajen Turai. Ayyukansa sun fito a cikin ''Dissent'', <ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-09-29 |title=Online Features - Two Decades After the Fall: Between Utopian Hopes and the Burdens of History |url=http://www.dissentmagazine.org/online.php?id=289 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101028110614/http://dissentmagazine.org/online.php?id=289 |archive-date=2010-10-28 |access-date=2010-10-31 |publisher=Dissent Magazine}}</ref> ''Harkokin Waje'', <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 January 2009 |title=Shlomo Avineri |url=http://www.foreignaffairs.com/author/shlomo-avineri |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110511215519/http://www.foreignaffairs.com/author/shlomo-avineri |archive-date=11 May 2011 |access-date=2010-10-31 |website=Foreignaffairs.com}}</ref> da kuma ''The New York Review of Books'' . <ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Shlomo Avineri &#124; The New York Review of Books |url=http://www.nybooks.com/authors/5199 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100206181839/http://www.nybooks.com/authors/5199 |archive-date=6 February 2010 |access-date=2010-10-31 |website=Nybooks.com}}</ref> Ya kan bayar da gudummawa ga ''Haaretz'' akai-akai. Ya kasance memba na kwamitin edita na ''Jewish Review of Books'' . Colette Avital yana yi wa Avineri godiya, ya rubuta: "A shekarar ƙarshe ta rayuwarsa, bayan zaɓen 2022 wanda ya ba wa jam'iyyun 'yan ra'ayin mazan jiya ƙarfi, [ya] zaɓi ya yi nazarin wannan lamari a cikin wani yanayi mai faɗi na duniya, yana nuna rikice-rikicen da ke ci gaba da faruwa a cikin dimokuraɗiyya da yawa na Yamma. Ya jaddada rugujewar jam'iyyun siyasa na gargajiya da kuma ƙaruwar 'yan ra'ayin mazan jiya na ra'ayin mazan jiya. Duk da cewa yanayi ya bambanta daga ƙasa zuwa ƙasa, a cewar [Avineri], abin da ya jawo faduwarsu shi ne gazawarsu wajen daidaitawa da yanayin da ke canzawa, shige da fice da yawa, da kafofin sada zumunta, wanda ke ba 'yan siyasa masu ra'ayin mazan jiya damar isa ga jama'a ta hanyar da ba za su iya yi ba a baya." <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Avital |first=Colette |date=February 22, 2024 |title=Shlomo Avineri (1933–2023) |journal=The Israel Journal of Foreign Affairs |volume=18 |issue=1 |pages=98–101 |doi=10.1080/23739770.2024.2315789 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Mukaman da aka riƙe == Avineri ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan Cibiyar Bincike ta Eshkol (1971-1974), shugaban Faculty of Social Sciences (1974-1976). darakta-janar na Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje (1976–1977), da kuma darektan Cibiyar Nazarin Turai a Jami'ar Ibrananci (1997–2002). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Untitled Document |url=https://www.loc.gov/bicentennial/bios/democracy/bios_avineri.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604105807/http://www.loc.gov/bicentennial/bios/democracy/bios_avineri.html |archive-date=2011-06-04 |access-date=2017-12-29 |website=[[Library of Congress]]}}</ref> Avineri malami ne mai ziyara a Cibiyar Wilson, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, <ref>{{Cite web |date=2001-11-14 |title=Mr. Shlomo Avineri - Carnegie Endowment for International Peace |url=http://www.carnegieendowment.org/experts/index.cfm?fa=expert_view&expert_id=92 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101011141433/http://www.carnegieendowment.org/experts/index.cfm?fa=expert_view&expert_id=92 |archive-date=2010-10-11 |access-date=2010-10-31 |publisher=[[Carnegie Endowment for International Peace]]}}</ref> Brookings Institution da ke Washington, DC, da kuma Cibiyar Tattalin Arziki ta Duniya da Hulɗar Ƙasashen Duniya da ke Moscow. Farfesa ne mai ziyara a Jami'ar Tsakiyar Turai, da ke Budapest. Ya kuma kasance tsohon memba na kwamitin gudanarwa na Majalisar Harkokin Waje ta Isra'ila . Avineri ya yi aiki a matsayin Darakta Janar na Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje ta Isra'ila daga 1975 zuwa 1977. <ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Shlomo Avineri |url=http://www.project-syndicate.org/contributor/45 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101013063638/http://www.project-syndicate.org/contributor/45 |archive-date=13 October 2010 |access-date=2010-10-31 |website=Project-syndicate.org}}</ref> Ya kuma jagoranci tawagar Isra'ila zuwa Babban Taron [[UNESCO]], kuma a shekarar 1979 ya kasance memba na kwamitin hadin gwiwa na Masar da Isra'ila wanda ya tattauna yarjejeniyar al'adu da kimiyya tsakanin kasashen biyu. Lokacin da gwamnatin Rabin ta nada Avineri a matsayin darakta janar na Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje a 1975, 'yan adawar Likud sun yi suka mai zafi saboda goyon bayan Avineri ga tattaunawa da Kungiyar 'Yantar da Falasdinawa (PLO). A lokacin da yake a Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje, Avineri ya bi ƙa'idar gwamnatin Rabin ta fi son " Zaɓin Jordan " kuma ya halarci wasu tarurrukan da Sarki Hussein ya yi. Amma a cikin rubuce-rubucensa, da kuma rubuce-rubucen Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje ta cikin gida, ya yi ƙoƙarin gabatar da rikicin da Falasɗinawa a cikin wani yanayi mai faɗi na rikici tsakanin ƙungiyoyin ƙasa guda biyu, fiye da tattaunawar Isra'ila ta yau da kullun ta akida ko tsaro. A wancan lokacin, wasu daga cikin tarurrukan farko na farko da ba a hukumance ba tsakanin masu fafutukar zaman lafiya na Isra'ila da jami'an PLO sun faru. An rage waɗannan ci gaban ne sakamakon nasarar zaɓen Likud a 1977, wanda kuma ya haifar da murabus ɗin Avineri daga Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje, amma an sake dawo da su a shekarun 1990 a gwamnatin Rabin ta biyu kuma ta haifar da yarjejeniyar Oslo tsakanin Isra'ila da PLO. == Daraja da kyaututtuka == Avineri ya sami kyaututtuka da yawa, ciki har da: * Tallafin Karatu na Majalisar Burtaniya (1961) * Kyautar Rubin a Kimiyyar Zamani (1968) * Kyautar Naphtali don nazarin Hegel (1977) * Kyautar Zamani ta Nazarin Yahudanci (1982) * Kyautar Isra'ila don kimiyyar siyasa (1996) <ref name="prize">{{Cite web |title=Israel Prize Official Site - Recipients in 1996 (in Hebrew) |url=http://cms.education.gov.il/EducationCMS/Units/PrasIsrael/TashnagTashsab/TASNAG_TASNAT_Rikuz.htm?DictionaryKey=Tashnav |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181215122641/http://cms.education.gov.il/EducationCMS/Units/PrasIsrael/TashnagTashsab/TASNAG_TASNAT_Rikuz.htm?DictionaryKey=Tashnav |archive-date=15 December 2018 |access-date=9 September 2009 |website=Cms.education.gov.il}}</ref> * Kyautar Ƙungiyar Kimiyyar Siyasa ta Isra'ila saboda gudummawar da ya bayar ga fannin shari'a a Isra'ila da ƙasashen waje (2006) * A Ph.D. Honoris Causa daga Jami'ar Cluj-Napoca, Romania * Order of the Star of Italian Solidarity, tare da matsayin Commendatore, daga shugaban ƙasar Italiya [[Giorgio Napolitano]] (2000) * Kyautar Solomon Bublick ta [[Jami'ar Ibraniyawa ta Kudus|Jami'ar Ibrananci ta Urushalima]] (2009) * Digiri na uku a fannin girmamawa daga Cibiyar Weizmann, Rehovot (2010) * An zaɓe shi zuwa Kwalejin Kimiyya da Bil Adama ta Isra'ila (2011) * An zaɓe shi zuwa Kwalejin Fasaha da Kimiyya ta Poland kuma ya sami kyautar EMET a Kimiyyar Siyasa (2013) == Littattafai da aka zaɓa == * ''YAƘI DA BAUTA A CIKIN "UTOPIA" na MORE'' (1962) * ''[[The Social and Political Thought of Karl Marx|Tunanin Zamantakewa da Siyasa na Karl Marx]]'' (1968) * ''Karl Marx kan Mulkin Mallaka da Zamantakewa'' (1968) * ''Isra'ila da Falasdinawa'' (1971) * ''Ka'idar Hegel ta Zamani'' (1972) * ''Gurguzu na Marx'' (1973) * ''Iri-iri na akidar Markisanci'' (1977) * ''Tsarin Yahudanci na Zamani'', New York: Littattafai na Asali 1981 - Bugawa mai faɗi: New York: Littattafai na Asali 2017 * ''Musa Hess: Annabin Kwaminisanci da Zionism'' (1985) * ''Arlosoroff: Tarihin Siyasa'' (1989) * ''Ra'ayin jama'a da kuma ra'ayin daidaikun mutane (wanda ya yi aiki tare da Avner de Shalit)'' (1992) * ''Ƙarnin Rashin gamsuwa na Turai (edita tare da Zeev Sternhell )'' (2003) * ''Musa Hess: Tarihin Dan Adam Mai Tsarki da Sauran Rubuce-rubuce'' (2004) * ''Herzl - Theodor Herzl da kuma Kafuwar Ƙasar Yahudawa'' (2013) * ''Karl Marx: Falsafa da Juyin Juya Hali'' (2019) An fassara bugun littattafansa na Ibrananci da Turanci zuwa Faransanci, Jamusanci, Italiyanci, Sifaniyanci, Fotigal, Yaren mutanen Poland, Hungary, Czech, Rashanci da Japan. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2023)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> === Edita da mai fassara === * ''Gabatarwa ta tarihi ga bugu na Ibrananci na Littafin Tarihin Theodore Herzl'' * Ya fassara rubuce-rubucen farko na Karl Marx zuwa Ibrananci. == Duba kuma == * Jerin wadanda suka karbi kyautar Isra'ila == Nassoshi == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20101011141433/http://www.carnegieendowment.org/experts/index.cfm?fa=expert_view&expert_id=92 Tarihin Rayuwar Carnegie Endowment] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140809083855/http://www.fathomjournal.org/policy-politics/neededa-paradigm-shift-in-the-middle-east-peace-process/ Ana buƙata: canjin tsari a cikin 'Tsarin Zaman Lafiya na Gabas ta Tsakiya'], [http://www.fathomjournal.org/ Fathom: Don zurfafa fahimtar Isra'ila da yankin], 30 Janairu 2013 {{Authority control}} [[Rukuni:Bayahuden Isra'ila]] [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2023]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1933]] syyzsr05fomnmfirs1myk1ivhwi8ocv 878949 878921 2026-07-08T11:39:44Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala da gyara 878949 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  '''Shlomo Avineri''' ( [[Ibrananci]] : שלמה אבינרי; {{Lrm}} '''Jerzy Wiener''' ; 20 ga Agusta 1933 - 30 Nuwamba 2023) masanin [[kimiyyar siyasa]] ne na Isra'ila. Farfesa ne a [[Kimiyyar siyasa|Kimiyyar Siyasa]] a [[Jami'ar Ibraniyawa ta Kudus|Jami'ar Ibrananci]] ta [[Jerusalem|Urushalima]] kuma memba ne na Kwalejin Kimiyya da Bil Adama ta Isra'ila . <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Department of Political Science, The Hebrew Univers of Jerusalem |url=http://politics.huji.ac.il/faculty_one.asp?id=177 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721135029/http://politics.huji.ac.il/faculty_one.asp?id=177 |archive-date=2011-07-21 |access-date=2010-10-31 |website=Politics.huji.ac.il}}</ref> Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin farfesa mai ziyara a Jami'ar Tsakiyar Turai da ke [[Budapest]], <ref>{{Cite web |title=Jewish Studies Program, Central European University: About |url=http://web.ceu.hu/jewishstudies/faculty.htm#avineri |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210511093146/http://web.ceu.hu/jewishstudies/faculty.htm#avineri |archive-date=11 May 2021 |access-date=9 November 2021 |website=Web.ceu.hu}}</ref> kuma a matsayin abokin aiki a cibiyar tunani ta ilimi da ke [[München|Munich]] ''Centrum für angewandte Politikforschung,'' yana ba da shawara ga 'yan siyasa. Avineri ya mutu a ranar 30 ga Nuwamba 2023 yana da shekaru 90. == Ra'ayoyi == Avineri ya yi rubuce-rubuce da yawa kan tarihin falsafar siyasa, musamman kan tunanin siyasa na [[Karl Marx]], Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, da kuma kan ka'idojin siyasa na farko na Yahudawan Isra'ila na Moses Hess da Theodor Herzl . Ya kuma rubuta littattafai da kasidu da dama kan harkokin Gabas ta Tsakiya da harkokin ƙasa da ƙasa. Avineri ya ba da gudummawa wajen sake duba tunanin siyasa na Hegel da kuma nuna ra'ayin jama'a na Hegel. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2017)">an buƙata ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Avineri shi ma ya shiga cikin muhawarar da aka yi kan rusa Tarayyar Soviet . Ya yi jayayya cewa tsarin [[Rasha]] kafin shekarar 1917 ne, da kuma al'adun kama-karya na gwamnatin Rasha da kuma ƙungiyoyin farar hula masu rauni, ne suka tura juyin juya halin Oktoba zuwa ga ci gabanta na danniya. Tarihin rayuwarsa ta ilimi game da Herzl ya nuna yadda ci gaba a Daular Austro-Hungary ta asali, maimakon Al'amarin Dreyfus a [[Faransa]], ya shawo kan Herzl game da gazawar 'yancin Yahudawa a Turai da kuma buƙatar nemo mafita ta siyasa ga Yahudawa, bisa ga [[Ƙaddamar da kai|ikon mallakar]] ƙasa, a wajen Turai. Ayyukansa sun fito a cikin ''Dissent'', <ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-09-29 |title=Online Features - Two Decades After the Fall: Between Utopian Hopes and the Burdens of History |url=http://www.dissentmagazine.org/online.php?id=289 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101028110614/http://dissentmagazine.org/online.php?id=289 |archive-date=2010-10-28 |access-date=2010-10-31 |publisher=Dissent Magazine}}</ref> ''Harkokin Waje'', <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 January 2009 |title=Shlomo Avineri |url=http://www.foreignaffairs.com/author/shlomo-avineri |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110511215519/http://www.foreignaffairs.com/author/shlomo-avineri |archive-date=11 May 2011 |access-date=2010-10-31 |website=Foreignaffairs.com}}</ref> da kuma ''The New York Review of Books'' . <ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Shlomo Avineri &#124; The New York Review of Books |url=http://www.nybooks.com/authors/5199 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100206181839/http://www.nybooks.com/authors/5199 |archive-date=6 February 2010 |access-date=2010-10-31 |website=Nybooks.com}}</ref> Ya kan bayar da gudummawa ga ''Haaretz'' akai-akai. Ya kasance memba na kwamitin edita na ''Jewish Review of Books'' . Colette Avital yana yi wa Avineri godiya, ya rubuta: "A shekarar ƙarshe ta rayuwarsa, bayan zaɓen 2022 wanda ya ba wa jam'iyyun 'yan ra'ayin mazan jiya ƙarfi, [ya] zaɓi ya yi nazarin wannan lamari a cikin wani yanayi mai faɗi na duniya, yana nuna rikice-rikicen da ke ci gaba da faruwa a cikin dimokuraɗiyya da yawa na Yamma. Ya jaddada rugujewar jam'iyyun siyasa na gargajiya da kuma ƙaruwar 'yan ra'ayin mazan jiya na ra'ayin mazan jiya. Duk da cewa yanayi ya bambanta daga ƙasa zuwa ƙasa, a cewar [Avineri], abin da ya jawo faduwarsu shi ne gazawarsu wajen daidaitawa da yanayin da ke canzawa, shige da fice da yawa, da kafofin sada zumunta, wanda ke ba 'yan siyasa masu ra'ayin mazan jiya damar isa ga jama'a ta hanyar da ba za su iya yi ba a baya." <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Avital |first=Colette |date=February 22, 2024 |title=Shlomo Avineri (1933–2023) |journal=The Israel Journal of Foreign Affairs |volume=18 |issue=1 |pages=98–101 |doi=10.1080/23739770.2024.2315789 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Mukaman da aka riƙe == Avineri ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan Cibiyar Bincike ta Eshkol (1971-1974), shugaban Faculty of Social Sciences (1974-1976). darakta-janar na Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje (1976–1977), da kuma darektan Cibiyar Nazarin Turai a Jami'ar Ibrananci (1997–2002). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Untitled Document |url=https://www.loc.gov/bicentennial/bios/democracy/bios_avineri.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604105807/http://www.loc.gov/bicentennial/bios/democracy/bios_avineri.html |archive-date=2011-06-04 |access-date=2017-12-29 |website=[[Library of Congress]]}}</ref> Avineri malami ne mai ziyara a Cibiyar Wilson, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, <ref>{{Cite web |date=2001-11-14 |title=Mr. Shlomo Avineri - Carnegie Endowment for International Peace |url=http://www.carnegieendowment.org/experts/index.cfm?fa=expert_view&expert_id=92 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101011141433/http://www.carnegieendowment.org/experts/index.cfm?fa=expert_view&expert_id=92 |archive-date=2010-10-11 |access-date=2010-10-31 |publisher=[[Carnegie Endowment for International Peace]]}}</ref> Brookings Institution da ke Washington, DC, da kuma Cibiyar Tattalin Arziki ta Duniya da Hulɗar Ƙasashen Duniya da ke Moscow. Farfesa ne mai ziyara a Jami'ar Tsakiyar Turai, da ke Budapest. Ya kuma kasance tsohon memba na kwamitin gudanarwa na Majalisar Harkokin Waje ta Isra'ila . Avineri ya yi aiki a matsayin Darakta Janar na Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje ta Isra'ila daga 1975 zuwa 1977. <ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Shlomo Avineri |url=http://www.project-syndicate.org/contributor/45 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101013063638/http://www.project-syndicate.org/contributor/45 |archive-date=13 October 2010 |access-date=2010-10-31 |website=Project-syndicate.org}}</ref> Ya kuma jagoranci tawagar Isra'ila zuwa Babban Taron [[UNESCO]], kuma a shekarar 1979 ya kasance memba na kwamitin hadin gwiwa na Masar da Isra'ila wanda ya tattauna yarjejeniyar al'adu da kimiyya tsakanin kasashen biyu. Lokacin da gwamnatin Rabin ta nada Avineri a matsayin darakta janar na Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje a 1975, 'yan adawar Likud sun yi suka mai zafi saboda goyon bayan Avineri ga tattaunawa da Kungiyar 'Yantar da Falasdinawa (PLO). A lokacin da yake a Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje, Avineri ya bi ƙa'idar gwamnatin Rabin ta fi son " Zaɓin Jordan " kuma ya halarci wasu tarurrukan da Sarki Hussein ya yi. Amma a cikin rubuce-rubucensa, da kuma rubuce-rubucen Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje ta cikin gida, ya yi ƙoƙarin gabatar da rikicin da Falasɗinawa a cikin wani yanayi mai faɗi na rikici tsakanin ƙungiyoyin ƙasa guda biyu, fiye da tattaunawar Isra'ila ta yau da kullun ta akida ko tsaro. A wancan lokacin, wasu daga cikin tarurrukan farko na farko da ba a hukumance ba tsakanin masu fafutukar zaman lafiya na Isra'ila da jami'an PLO sun faru. An rage waɗannan ci gaban ne sakamakon nasarar zaɓen Likud a 1977, wanda kuma ya haifar da murabus ɗin Avineri daga Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje, amma an sake dawo da su a shekarun 1990 a gwamnatin Rabin ta biyu kuma ta haifar da yarjejeniyar Oslo tsakanin Isra'ila da PLO. == Daraja da kyaututtuka == Avineri ya sami kyaututtuka da yawa, ciki har da: * Tallafin Karatu na Majalisar Burtaniya (1961) * Kyautar Rubin a Kimiyyar Zamani (1968) * Kyautar Naphtali don nazarin Hegel (1977) * Kyautar Zamani ta Nazarin Yahudanci (1982) * Kyautar Isra'ila don kimiyyar siyasa (1996) <ref name="prize">{{Cite web |title=Israel Prize Official Site - Recipients in 1996 (in Hebrew) |url=http://cms.education.gov.il/EducationCMS/Units/PrasIsrael/TashnagTashsab/TASNAG_TASNAT_Rikuz.htm?DictionaryKey=Tashnav |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181215122641/http://cms.education.gov.il/EducationCMS/Units/PrasIsrael/TashnagTashsab/TASNAG_TASNAT_Rikuz.htm?DictionaryKey=Tashnav |archive-date=15 December 2018 |access-date=9 September 2009 |website=Cms.education.gov.il}}</ref> * Kyautar Ƙungiyar Kimiyyar Siyasa ta Isra'ila saboda gudummawar da ya bayar ga fannin shari'a a Isra'ila da ƙasashen waje (2006) * A Ph.D. Honoris Causa daga Jami'ar Cluj-Napoca, Romania * Order of the Star of Italian Solidarity, tare da matsayin Commendatore, daga shugaban ƙasar Italiya [[Giorgio Napolitano]] (2000) * Kyautar Solomon Bublick ta [[Jami'ar Ibraniyawa ta Kudus|Jami'ar Ibrananci ta Urushalima]] (2009) * Digiri na uku a fannin girmamawa daga Cibiyar Weizmann, Rehovot (2010) * An zaɓe shi zuwa Kwalejin Kimiyya da Bil Adama ta Isra'ila (2011) * An zaɓe shi zuwa Kwalejin Fasaha da Kimiyya ta Poland kuma ya sami kyautar EMET a Kimiyyar Siyasa (2013) == Littattafai da aka zaɓa == * ''YAƘI DA BAUTA A CIKIN "UTOPIA" na MORE'' (1962) * ''[[The Social and Political Thought of Karl Marx|Tunanin Zamantakewa da Siyasa na Karl Marx]]'' (1968) * ''Karl Marx kan Mulkin Mallaka da Zamantakewa'' (1968) * ''Isra'ila da Falasdinawa'' (1971) * ''Ka'idar Hegel ta Zamani'' (1972) * ''Gurguzu na Marx'' (1973) * ''Iri-iri na akidar Markisanci'' (1977) * ''Tsarin Yahudanci na Zamani'', New York: Littattafai na Asali 1981 - Bugawa mai faɗi: New York: Littattafai na Asali 2017 * ''Musa Hess: Annabin Kwaminisanci da Zionism'' (1985) * ''Arlosoroff: Tarihin Siyasa'' (1989) * ''Ra'ayin jama'a da kuma ra'ayin daidaikun mutane (wanda ya yi aiki tare da Avner de Shalit)'' (1992) * ''Ƙarnin Rashin gamsuwa na Turai (edita tare da Zeev Sternhell )'' (2003) * ''Musa Hess: Tarihin Dan Adam Mai Tsarki da Sauran Rubuce-rubuce'' (2004) * ''Herzl - Theodor Herzl da kuma Kafuwar Ƙasar Yahudawa'' (2013) * ''Karl Marx: Falsafa da Juyin Juya Hali'' (2019) An fassara bugun littattafansa na Ibrananci da Turanci zuwa Faransanci, Jamusanci, Italiyanci, Sifaniyanci, Fotigal, Yaren mutanen Poland, Hungary, Czech, Rashanci da Japan. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2023)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> === Edita da mai fassara === * ''Gabatarwa ta tarihi ga bugu na Ibrananci na Littafin Tarihin Theodore Herzl'' * Ya fassara rubuce-rubucen farko na Karl Marx zuwa Ibrananci. == Duba kuma == * Jerin wadanda suka karbi kyautar Isra'ila == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20101011141433/http://www.carnegieendowment.org/experts/index.cfm?fa=expert_view&expert_id=92 Tarihin Rayuwar Carnegie Endowment] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140809083855/http://www.fathomjournal.org/policy-politics/neededa-paradigm-shift-in-the-middle-east-peace-process/ Ana buƙata: canjin tsari a cikin 'Tsarin Zaman Lafiya na Gabas ta Tsakiya'], [http://www.fathomjournal.org/ Fathom: Don zurfafa fahimtar Isra'ila da yankin], 30 Janairu 2013 {{Authority control}} [[Rukuni:Bayahuden Isra'ila]] [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2023]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1933]] == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} 89pfcoisaz9ms4a6vhrbeno7y5szvur 0 135702 878740 815627 2026-07-07T23:38:38Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878740 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Bezeredy,_nadgrobni_spomenik_u_Čakovcu_-_jugozapad.jpg|right|thumb|230x230px|Dutsen kabari na Lujo Bezeredy da matarsa Marija a makabartar Čakovec]] '''Lujo Bezeredi''' (kuma an rubuta '''Bezeredy''', Hungarian ; 1898 &#x2013; 20 ga Afrilu, 1979) ƙwararren mai sassaka ne kuma [[Painting|mai zane]] [[Kroatiya|ɗan Croatian]] - [[Hungariya|Hungary]] . == Rayuwarsa == An haife shi a Nova, Masarautar Hungary, ga uba ɗan ƙasar Hungary-Slovak da kuma uwa 'yar ƙasar Croatia. Bayan rasuwar iyayensa, ya koma Csáktornya (wanda a yanzu ake kira Čakovec, [[Kroatiya|Croatia]] ), inda ya kammala karatunsa a makarantar gwamnati da kuma makarantar horar da malamai. A shekarar 1917 aka tura shi soja. Ya shiga cikin kafa Jamhuriyar Serbia-Hungary Baranya-Baja . Bayan rugujewar ƙasar, ya gudu zuwa Yugoslavia, amma an tsare shi na ɗan lokaci a Osijek . Daga baya ya yi karatu a Kwalejin Ilimi da ke [[Budapest]] kuma ya yi karatu a Kwalejin Fasaha ta [[Zagreb]] a shekarar 1922. Ya yi ƙaura zuwa Bulgaria . Yana rayuwa ne kawai a masana'antar bulo a Plovdiv inda ya fara yin yumbu a lokacin hutunsa. A shekarar 1922, ya koma Zagreb ya yi rajista a sashen sassaka na Kwalejin Fasaha ta Fine. Malamansa su ne Rudolf Valdec, Robert Frangeš-Mihanović da Frano Kršinić . Kršinić ya ji daɗin aikinsa, amma saboda rashin kuɗi, dole ne ya katse karatunsa ya yi yumbu don sayarwa. A cikin waɗannan shekarun ya rayu cikin talauci mai tsanani. A shekarar 1927, aka buɗe baje kolinsa a Zagreb. Tsakanin 1936 da 1941 ya zauna a [[Belgrade]] . A shekarar 1941, a lokacin da Jamus ta mamaye [[Belgrade]], ya gudu zuwa Budapest tare da gungun 'yan Hungary don shiga ƙungiyar masu adawa da mulkin kama karya ta Budapest da ke da alaƙa da SIS ta Burtaniya (Asirin Sirri). A matsayin kayan sassaka, ya fi amfani da terracotta, inda engobe ya zama dabarar [[tukwane]] da ya fi so tare da dabarun faience da glazing da ba a saba amfani da su ba. Ayyukansa suna da alaƙa da salon zamantakewa daga rayuwar birni da karkara. A shekarar 1942, ya koma Csáktornya, ya koyar da zane, amma aka kore shi daga makarantar saboda ƙa'idodinsa. Ya ci gaba da zama a birnin har zuwa mutuwarsa kuma ya ci gaba da ƙirƙira. Da farko, ya ƙirƙiri sassaka na alama, waɗanda daga baya aka yi su . Daga 1927 zuwa 1969, an nuna ayyukansa a nune-nunen mutane da na haɗin gwiwa a biranen Croatia, Belgrade da [[Vienna]] . A shekarar 1968, an ba shi lambar yabo ta Yugoslavia a mataki na biyu. A shekarar 1969, ya sami lambar yabo ta Vladimir Nazor saboda aikinsa na rayuwa. Bezeredi ya ba da gudummawar tarin ayyukan fasaha daban-daban guda 485 ga Gidan Tarihi na Gundumar Međimurje da ke Čakovec. An binne shi a makabartar birnin da ke cikin wannan garin. == Hotunan Hotuna == [[Fayil:Brončani_kip_Dinamika_mrtvog_stabla_u_Čakovcu,_rad_Luje_Bezeredyja_(1964)_-_jugozapad.jpg|left|thumb]] [[Fayil:Lujo_Bezeredy_-_Kip_žene_u_parku_u_Čakovcu.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Lujo_Bezeredy_-_izlošci_(Čakovec).JPG|none|thumb]] == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://hbl.lzmk.hr/clanak.aspx?id=1896 Tarihin Rayuwa a cikin Kamus na Tarihin Rayuwa na Croatia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180930154454/http://hbl.lzmk.hr/clanak.aspx?id=1896 |date=2018-09-30 }} ''(a cikin Croatian)'' * [http://www.visitmedimurje.com/dozivi_medimurje-vise.asp?id=14&m=1&mm=04&l=e#.XIQ_3H_sbcs Bezeredi - mashahurin mai fasaha daga Medjimurje] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230609234730/http://www.visitmedimurje.com/dozivi_medimurje-vise.asp?id=14&m=1&mm=04&l=e#.XIQ_3H_sbcs |date=2023-06-09 }} [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1979]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1898]] o08lvy3bm2gcx1f2el06m40h9k6xz4m 0 136451 878602 872317 2026-07-07T15:44:51Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878602 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Lafiyar jama'a''' ta haƙori ƙwarewa ce ta likitancin haƙori wanda ke hulɗa da rigakafin cututtukan baki da inganta lafiyar baki.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dental public health |url=http://www.nhscareers.nhs.uk/details/Default.aspx?Id=700 |website=NHS careers |access-date=2026-06-30 |archive-date=2012-05-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120510180724/http://www.nhscareers.nhs.uk/details/Default.aspx?Id=700 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2017 |title=Residency Program |url=http://dental.case.edu/community/residency/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160813170529/https://dental.case.edu/community/residency/ |archive-date=2016-08-13 |website=School of Dental Medicine. |publisher=CWRU School of Dental Medicine}}</ref> Lafiyar jama'a ta hakora tana da hannu a kimanta mahimman bukatun kiwon lafiya na hakora da kuma samar da ingantaccen mafita don inganta lafiyar hakora na jama'a maimakon mutane. [[lafiya]] jama'a ta haƙori tana neman rage buƙata akan tsarin kiwon lafiya ta hanyar sake tura albarkatun zuwa wuraren da suka fi dacewa. Kasashe a duniya duk suna fuskantar irin wannan batutuwan dangane da cutar hakora. Aiwatar da manufofi da ka'idoji sun bambanta saboda wadatar albarkatu. Hakazalika da lafiyar jama'a, fahimtar abubuwan da ke tasiri ga kiwon lafiya zai taimaka wajen aiwatar da dabarun da suka dace.<ref name="Daly_2013" /> Cututtukan da suka shafi hakora galibi ana iya hana su. Sau da yawa ana yin ilimin haƙori na kiwon lafiyar jama'a ta hanyar shirye-shiryen da gwamnati ke tallafawa, yawanci ana jagorantar yara a makarantar jama'a, suna bin ka'idar cewa ilimin farko game da Tsabtace baki shine hanya mafi kyau don isa ga jama'a gaba ɗaya. Misali, ziyarar shekara-shekara ta likitan hakora zuwa makarantar gida don nuna dabarun goge hakora masu kyau. [ana buƙatar ƙa'ida] [ana buƙatar hujja] [ana buƙatar hujja] A cikin shekarun 1970s, wani shirin da ya fi dacewa ya fito. Ya haɗa da mako guda na sa'a ɗaya na koyarwa, zanga-zanga, da tambayoyi da amsoshi, wanda likitan hakora ya gudanar tare da mataimakin likitan hakori kuma ya taimaka wa malamin da aka ba shi sa'o'i da yawa na koyarwa a baya. An kuma yi amfani da shirye-shiryen ilimin kiwon lafiya na haƙori na talabijin, wanda aka ƙarfafa iyaye su kiyaye. == Tarihi == [[Fayil:Dental_Caries_Cavity_2.JPG|thumb|Cutar hakora Cavity 2]] Ko da tare da fluoridation da Tsabtace baki, [[Rushewar hakori|lalacewar hakora]] har yanzu shine cutar da ta fi dacewa da abinci da ke shafar mutane da yawa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Oral health |url=https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/oral-health |access-date=2025-07-24 |website=www.who.int |language=en}}</ref> Rashin hakora yana da tasirin tattalin arziki na cututtukan zuciya, [[kiba]] da [[Ciwon suga|Ciwon sukari]].<ref name="Listl_2015">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Listl S, Galloway J, Mossey PA, Marcenes W |date=October 2015 |title=Global Economic Impact of Dental Diseases |journal=Journal of Dental Research |volume=94 |issue=10 |pages=1355–61 |doi=10.1177/0022034515602879 |pmid=26318590 |s2cid=39147394}}</ref> Abubuwan haɗari na [[Rushewar hakori|lalacewar hakora]] sun haɗa da abubuwan da suka shafi jiki, halittu, muhalli, halayyar, da salon rayuwa kamar yawan [[Kwayar cutar Bakteriya|ƙwayoyin cuta]] na cariogenic, rashin isasshen hawan hanci, rashin isassun bayyanar Fluoride, rashin Tsabtace baki, hanyoyin da ba su dace ba na ciyar da jarirai, da talauci.<ref name="Selwitz_2007">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Selwitz RH, Ismail AI, Pitts NB |date=January 2007 |title=Dental caries |journal=Lancet |volume=369 |issue=9555 |pages=51–9 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60031-2 |pmid=17208642 |s2cid=204616785}}</ref> Cavities na iya bunkasa a kowane farfajiyar haƙori, amma sun fi yawa a cikin ramuka da fissures a cikin rami a kan wuraren cinyewa. Dalilin lalacewar hakora shine acid da ƙwayoyin cuta ke samarwa wanda ke narkar da ƙwayoyi masu wuya na hakora (enamel, dentin, da cementum).[1][2] Ana samar da acid ta hanyar kwayoyin cuta lokacin da suka rushe abincin da ya rage ko sukari a saman hakora.[3][4] Wannan shi ne inda burbushin hakora da maganin hakora na Fluoride ba za su iya isa yadda ya kamata ba.[5] Ɗaya daga cikin alamun farko na caries na iya zama ci gaba da ƙarancin hakora. Idan haƙori ya amsa ga abinci mai zafi, sanyi, ko mai daɗi kuma jin dadi ya ci gaba, wannan na iya nuna rauni. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Oral health |url=https://camarillocosmeticdentistry.com/top-five-signs-you-might-have-a-cavity/ |access-date=2026-03-17 |website=camarillocosmeticdentistry.com}}</ref> Cututtukan Gum Gingeritis da Periodontitis suna haifar da wasu nau'ikan [[Kwayar cutar Bakteriya|ƙwayoyin cuta]] waɗanda ke tarawa a cikin ragowar ƙwayar haƙori. Matsayin Cutar gum ya dogara da saukin kamuwa.<ref name="Axelsson_1978">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Axelsson P, Lindhe J |date=May 1978 |title=Effect of controlled oral hygiene procedures on caries and periodontal disease in adults |journal=Journal of Clinical Periodontology |volume=5 |issue=2 |pages=133–51 |doi=10.1111/j.1600-051x.1978.tb01914.x |pmid=275282}}</ref> Gishiri na yau da kullun dole ne ya haɗa da gishiri na hakora da gums. Yin amfani da gogewa da kansa, zai hana ci gaba da lalacewar hakora da Cututtukan gum. Neutralising acid bayan cin abinci da akalla sau biyu a rana gogewa tare da maganin hakora mai fluoride zai taimaka wajen hana lalacewar hakora.[1] Motsawa kwararar hawaye yana taimakawa a cikin tsarin remineralisation na hakora, ana iya yin wannan ta hanyar cinye sukari ba tare da sukari ba.[2] Yin amfani da na'urar interdental sau ɗaya a kowace rana zai taimaka wajen rigakafin Cututtukan gum.[3] Kwararrun tsabtace baki sun haɗa da binciken hakora na yau da kullun da kuma maganin rigakafi na sana'a (tsabtace hakora). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Complete Guide to Dental Prophylaxis and Oral Care |url=https://dentalartistryirving.com/complete-guide-to-dental-prophylaxis-and-oral-care/ |access-date=2026-03-17 |website=dentalartistryirving.com}}</ref> Wani lokaci cikakken cire kwayar hakora yana da wahala, kuma ana iya buƙatar taimakon likitan hakora ko mai tsabta.<ref>{{Cite web |title=What Is Calculus on Teeth? |url=https://www.optimaldentalhealth.co.uk/what-is-calculus-on-teeth-a-complete-guide-to-tartar-buildup/ |access-date=2026-03-17 |website=www.optimaldentalhealth.co.uk}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Healthy Teeth - Easy Ways to Remove Dental Plaque |url=https://salisburydentist.co.uk/the-complete-guide-to-healthy-teeth-how-to-remove-dental-plaque/ |access-date=2026-03-17 |website=salisburydentist.co.uk}}</ref> Fissure sealants da aka yi amfani da su a kan gogewa na hakora, toshe plaque daga kamawa a cikin ramuka da fissures. Masu rufewa suna sa gogewa ya fi tasiri kuma suna hana acid demineralisation da lalacewar hakora.<ref name="Beauchamp_2008">{{Cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Beauchamp J, Caufield PW, Crall JJ, Donly K, Feigal R, Gooch B, Ismail A, Kohn W, Siegal M, Simonsen R |date=March 2008 |title=Evidence-based clinical recommendations for the use of pit-and-fissure sealants: a report of the American Dental Association Council on Scientific Affairs |journal=Journal of the American Dental Association |volume=139 |issue=3 |pages=257–68 |doi=10.14219/jada.archive.2008.0155 |pmid=18310730 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Abinci mai ƙarancin carbohydrates zai rage yawan plaque a kan hakora.<ref name="Selwitz_2007"/> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 0bel71tukgezm9nfzaoyql6pk4hsku1 0 142315 878711 801103 2026-07-07T21:45:57Z Nnamadee 31123 878711 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Margaret Larkin''' (7 ga Yuli, 1899 - 7 ga Mayu, 1967) marubuciya ce 'yar Amurka, mawaƙiya, mawaƙiya-marubuciya, mai bincike, 'yar jarida kuma mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin jama'a. Ta rubuta littafin ''The Six Days of Yad Mordechai'' a kan wani kibbutz a [[Isra'ila]] da kuma matsayinta a kan Sojojin Masar a shekarar 1948, ''Seven Shares in a Gold Ma'adinai'' game da makircin kisan kai a [[Mexico (ƙasa)|Mexico]], da kuma ''Singing Cowboy'', wani tarin waƙoƙin gargajiya na ƙasashen yamma. Ta lashe kyaututtuka saboda waƙarta ''Goodbye—To My Mother'' da kuma wasan kwaikwayo nata ''El Cristo.'' == Rayuwa == An haifi Larkin a ranar 7 ga Yuli, 1899, a Las Vegas, New Mexico, ga iyayenta 'yan asalin Ingila da Scotland. Ta yi karatu a Jami'ar Kansas . A shekarar 1922 ta lashe kyautar Waƙoƙi ta Ƙungiyar Marubuta ta Kansas. Bayan ta ƙaura zuwa Gabashin Tekun, ta auri Liston Oak kuma ta zama mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin ƙwadago. A shekarar 1926 ta rubuta taken fim ɗin shiru mai ''suna The Passaic Textile Strike.''<ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Detail view of Movies Page |url=http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/DetailView.aspx?s=1&Movie=1544 |access-date=2011-07-18 |publisher=Afi.com}}</ref> A cikin shekarun talatin ta kasance mai himma a matsayin mawaƙiya/mawaƙiya kuma mai tsara waƙoƙin gargajiya.<ref name="NYT" /> Bayan ta saki mijinta na farko, ta haɗu da marubuci Albert Maltz a shekarar 1935. Maltz ya yi shekara 9 a duniya. Sun yi aure a shekarar 1937. An saka Maltz cikin jerin sunayen 'yan Hollywood Ten saboda ƙin ya gaya wa Kwamitin Ayyukan da ba na Amurka ba na Majalisar Wakilai ko shi memba ne na Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Amurka. <ref name="NYT" /> Larkin, mijinta, ɗansu Peter da 'yarsu Katherine sun ƙaura zuwa [[Mexico (birni)|birnin Mexico]] a shekarar 1951. A shekarar 1964 an sake su a hukumance, bayan da Maltz ya riga ya koma Amurka. <ref name="trinity" /> Larkin ta taimaka wa masanin ilimin ɗan adam Oscar Lewis a bincike da rubutu kan La vida: wani iyali ɗan Puerto Rican a cikin al'adar talauci--San Juan da New York (1966). [1] Littafinta na ƙarshe shine The Hand of Mordechai, akan kibbutz Yad Mordechai a kusa da yakin Falasdinu na 1947-1949 . An buga shi da Ibrananci (1966), Yiddish (1967), Turanci (1968), Jamusanci (1970), da Rashanci (197?). Ma'arachot, gidan bugawa na hukuma na Sojojin Tsaron Isra'ila, ne ya buga bugun Isra'ila, tare da gabatarwar Janar Haim Laskov . Wakilin adabi Barthold Fles ne ya wakilci Larkin. [1] Margareth Larkin ta rasu a birnin Mexico a ranar 7 ga Mayu, 1967, tana da shekaru 67. Jikarta mai suna Gabriela Maltz Larkin, 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce kuma manajan shirya fina-finai, wacce aka fi sani da Mira Larkin kwanan nan. == Manazarta == 40k26cqa33ezuwlyd4u1a18j20pwdka 878712 878711 2026-07-07T21:46:17Z Nnamadee 31123 878712 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Margaret Larkin''' (7 ga Yuli, 1899 - 7 ga Mayu, 1967) marubuciya ce 'yar Amurka, mawaƙiya, mawaƙiya-marubuciya, mai bincike, 'yar jarida kuma mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin jama'a. Ta rubuta littafin ''The Six Days of Yad Mordechai'' a kan wani kibbutz a [[Isra'ila]] da kuma matsayinta a kan Sojojin Masar a shekarar 1948, ''Seven Shares in a Gold Ma'adinai'' game da makircin kisan kai a [[Mexico (ƙasa)|Mexico]], da kuma ''Singing Cowboy'', wani tarin waƙoƙin gargajiya na ƙasashen yamma. Ta lashe kyaututtuka saboda waƙarta ''Goodbye—To My Mother'' da kuma wasan kwaikwayo nata ''El Cristo.'' == Rayuwa == An haifi Larkin a ranar 7 ga Yuli, 1899, a Las Vegas, New Mexico, ga iyayenta 'yan asalin Ingila da Scotland. Ta yi karatu a Jami'ar Kansas . A shekarar 1922 ta lashe kyautar Waƙoƙi ta Ƙungiyar Marubuta ta Kansas. Bayan ta ƙaura zuwa Gabashin Tekun, ta auri Liston Oak kuma ta zama mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin ƙwadago. A shekarar 1926 ta rubuta taken fim ɗin shiru mai ''suna The Passaic Textile Strike.''<ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Detail view of Movies Page |url=http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/DetailView.aspx?s=1&Movie=1544 |access-date=2011-07-18 |publisher=Afi.com}}</ref> A cikin shekarun talatin ta kasance mai himma a matsayin mawaƙiya/mawaƙiya kuma mai tsara waƙoƙin gargajiya.<ref name="NYT" /> Bayan ta saki mijinta na farko, ta haɗu da marubuci Albert Maltz a shekarar 1935. Maltz ya yi shekara 9 a duniya. Sun yi aure a shekarar 1937. An saka Maltz cikin jerin sunayen 'yan Hollywood Ten saboda ƙin ya gaya wa Kwamitin Ayyukan da ba na Amurka ba na Majalisar Wakilai ko shi memba ne na Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Amurka. <ref name="NYT" /> Larkin, mijinta, ɗansu Peter da 'yarsu Katherine sun ƙaura zuwa [[Mexico (birni)|birnin Mexico]] a shekarar 1951. A shekarar 1964 an sake su a hukumance, bayan da Maltz ya riga ya koma Amurka. <ref name="trinity" /> Larkin ta taimaka wa masanin ilimin ɗan adam Oscar Lewis a bincike da rubutu kan La vida: wani iyali ɗan Puerto Rican a cikin al'adar talauci--San Juan da New York (1966). Littafinta na ƙarshe shine The Hand of Mordechai, akan kibbutz Yad Mordechai a kusa da yakin Falasdinu na 1947-1949 . An buga shi da Ibrananci (1966), Yiddish (1967), Turanci (1968), Jamusanci (1970), da Rashanci (197?). Ma'arachot, gidan bugawa na hukuma na Sojojin Tsaron Isra'ila, ne ya buga bugun Isra'ila, tare da gabatarwar Janar Haim Laskov . Wakilin adabi Barthold Fles ne ya wakilci Larkin. Margareth Larkin ta rasu a birnin Mexico a ranar 7 ga Mayu, 1967, tana da shekaru 67. Jikarta mai suna Gabriela Maltz Larkin, 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce kuma manajan shirya fina-finai, wacce aka fi sani da Mira Larkin kwanan nan. == Manazarta == hr4x2cf11nwnq2u300nwvil1itlru9y 878713 878712 2026-07-07T21:46:51Z Nnamadee 31123 878713 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Margaret Larkin''' (7 ga Yuli, 1899 - 7 ga Mayu, 1967) marubuciya ce 'yar Amurka, mawaƙiya, mawaƙiya-marubuciya, mai bincike, 'yar jarida kuma mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin jama'a. Ta rubuta littafin ''The Six Days of Yad Mordechai'' a kan wani kibbutz a [[Isra'ila]] da kuma matsayinta a kan Sojojin Masar a shekarar 1948, ''Seven Shares in a Gold Ma'adinai'' game da makircin kisan kai a [[Mexico (ƙasa)|Mexico]], da kuma ''Singing Cowboy'', wani tarin waƙoƙin gargajiya na ƙasashen yamma. Ta lashe kyaututtuka saboda waƙarta ''Goodbye—To My Mother'' da kuma wasan kwaikwayo nata ''El Cristo.'' == Rayuwa == An haifi Larkin a ranar 7 ga Yuli, 1899, a Las Vegas, New Mexico, ga iyayenta 'yan asalin Ingila da Scotland. Ta yi karatu a Jami'ar Kansas . A shekarar 1922 ta lashe kyautar Waƙoƙi ta Ƙungiyar Marubuta ta Kansas. Bayan ta ƙaura zuwa Gabashin Tekun, ta auri Liston Oak kuma ta zama mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin ƙwadago. A shekarar 1926 ta rubuta taken fim ɗin shiru mai ''suna The Passaic Textile Strike.''<ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Detail view of Movies Page |url=http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/DetailView.aspx?s=1&Movie=1544 |access-date=2011-07-18 |publisher=Afi.com}}</ref> A cikin shekarun talatin ta kasance mai himma a matsayin mawaƙiya/mawaƙiya kuma mai tsara waƙoƙin gargajiya.<ref name="NYT" /> Bayan ta saki mijinta na farko, ta haɗu da marubuci Albert Maltz a shekarar 1935. Maltz ya yi shekara 9 a duniya. Sun yi aure a shekarar 1937. An saka Maltz cikin jerin sunayen 'yan Hollywood Ten saboda ƙin ya gaya wa Kwamitin Ayyukan da ba na Amurka ba na Majalisar Wakilai ko shi memba ne na Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Amurka.<ref name="NYT" /> Larkin, mijinta, ɗansu Peter da 'yarsu Katherine sun ƙaura zuwa [[Mexico (birni)|birnin Mexico]] a shekarar 1951. A shekarar 1964 an sake su a hukumance, bayan da Maltz ya riga ya koma Amurka.<ref name="trinity" /> Larkin ta taimaka wa masanin ilimin ɗan adam Oscar Lewis a bincike da rubutu kan La vida: wani iyali ɗan Puerto Rican a cikin al'adar talauci--San Juan da New York (1966). Littafinta na ƙarshe shine The Hand of Mordechai, akan kibbutz Yad Mordechai a kusa da yakin Falasdinu na 1947-1949 . An buga shi da Ibrananci (1966), Yiddish (1967), Turanci (1968), Jamusanci (1970), da Rashanci (197?). Ma'arachot, gidan bugawa na hukuma na Sojojin Tsaron Isra'ila, ne ya buga bugun Isra'ila, tare da gabatarwar Janar Haim Laskov . Wakilin adabi Barthold Fles ne ya wakilci Larkin. Margareth Larkin ta rasu a birnin Mexico a ranar 7 ga Mayu, 1967, tana da shekaru 67. Jikarta mai suna Gabriela Maltz Larkin, 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce kuma manajan shirya fina-finai, wacce aka fi sani da Mira Larkin kwanan nan. == Manazarta == cwaggwgtax0ehbap9qxkxvjp5eernmz 878714 878713 2026-07-07T21:48:04Z Nnamadee 31123 878714 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Margaret Larkin''' (7 ga Yuli, 1899 - 7 ga Mayu, 1967) marubuciya ce 'yar Amurka, mawaƙiya, mawaƙiya-marubuciya, mai bincike, 'yar jarida kuma mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin jama'a. Ta rubuta littafin ''The Six Days of Yad Mordechai'' a kan wani kibbutz a [[Isra'ila]] da kuma matsayinta a kan Sojojin Masar a shekarar 1948, ''Seven Shares in a Gold Ma'adinai'' game da makircin kisan kai a [[Mexico (ƙasa)|Mexico]], da kuma ''Singing Cowboy'', wani tarin waƙoƙin gargajiya na ƙasashen yamma.<ref>Reuss, JoAnne (2000). American folk music and left-wing politics, 1927-1957. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 71. <nowiki>ISBN 978-0-8108-3684-6</nowiki>. Retrieved 2009-07-30. In 1931, she published some of the songs she heard in the West in Singing Cowboy, which is still viewed by scholars as an important collection.</ref> Ta lashe kyaututtuka saboda waƙarta ''Goodbye—To My Mother'' da kuma wasan kwaikwayo nata ''El Cristo.'' == Rayuwa == An haifi Larkin a ranar 7 ga Yuli, 1899, a Las Vegas, New Mexico, ga iyayenta 'yan asalin Ingila da Scotland. Ta yi karatu a Jami'ar Kansas . A shekarar 1922 ta lashe kyautar Waƙoƙi ta Ƙungiyar Marubuta ta Kansas. Bayan ta ƙaura zuwa Gabashin Tekun, ta auri Liston Oak kuma ta zama mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin ƙwadago. A shekarar 1926 ta rubuta taken fim ɗin shiru mai ''suna The Passaic Textile Strike.''<ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Detail view of Movies Page |url=http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/DetailView.aspx?s=1&Movie=1544 |access-date=2011-07-18 |publisher=Afi.com}}</ref> A cikin shekarun talatin ta kasance mai himma a matsayin mawaƙiya/mawaƙiya kuma mai tsara waƙoƙin gargajiya.<ref name="NYT" /> Bayan ta saki mijinta na farko, ta haɗu da marubuci Albert Maltz a shekarar 1935. Maltz ya yi shekara 9 a duniya. Sun yi aure a shekarar 1937. An saka Maltz cikin jerin sunayen 'yan Hollywood Ten saboda ƙin ya gaya wa Kwamitin Ayyukan da ba na Amurka ba na Majalisar Wakilai ko shi memba ne na Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Amurka.<ref name="NYT" /> Larkin, mijinta, ɗansu Peter da 'yarsu Katherine sun ƙaura zuwa [[Mexico (birni)|birnin Mexico]] a shekarar 1951. A shekarar 1964 an sake su a hukumance, bayan da Maltz ya riga ya koma Amurka.<ref name="trinity" /> Larkin ta taimaka wa masanin ilimin ɗan adam Oscar Lewis a bincike da rubutu kan La vida: wani iyali ɗan Puerto Rican a cikin al'adar talauci--San Juan da New York (1966). Littafinta na ƙarshe shine The Hand of Mordechai, akan kibbutz Yad Mordechai a kusa da yakin Falasdinu na 1947-1949 . An buga shi da Ibrananci (1966), Yiddish (1967), Turanci (1968), Jamusanci (1970), da Rashanci (197?). Ma'arachot, gidan bugawa na hukuma na Sojojin Tsaron Isra'ila, ne ya buga bugun Isra'ila, tare da gabatarwar Janar Haim Laskov . Wakilin adabi Barthold Fles ne ya wakilci Larkin. Margareth Larkin ta rasu a birnin Mexico a ranar 7 ga Mayu, 1967, tana da shekaru 67. Jikarta mai suna Gabriela Maltz Larkin, 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce kuma manajan shirya fina-finai, wacce aka fi sani da Mira Larkin kwanan nan. == Manazarta == l34wjntoad7o6s7nbz2zev3yzmeympm 878715 878714 2026-07-07T21:48:52Z Nnamadee 31123 878715 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Margaret Larkin''' (7 ga Yuli, 1899 - 7 ga Mayu, 1967) marubuciya ce 'yar Amurka, mawaƙiya, mawaƙiya-marubuciya, mai bincike, 'yar jarida kuma mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin jama'a. Ta rubuta littafin ''The Six Days of Yad Mordechai'' a kan wani kibbutz a [[Isra'ila]] da kuma matsayinta a kan Sojojin Masar a shekarar 1948, ''Seven Shares in a Gold Ma'adinai'' game da makircin kisan kai a [[Mexico (ƙasa)|Mexico]], da kuma ''Singing Cowboy'', wani tarin waƙoƙin gargajiya na ƙasashen yamma.<ref>Reuss, JoAnne (2000). American folk music and left-wing politics, 1927-1957. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 71. <nowiki>ISBN 978-0-8108-3684-6</nowiki>. Retrieved 2009-07-30. In 1931, she published some of the songs she heard in the West in Singing Cowboy, which is still viewed by scholars as an important collection.</ref> Ta lashe kyaututtuka saboda waƙarta ''Goodbye—To My Mother'' da kuma wasan kwaikwayo nata ''El Cristo.'' == Rayuwa == An haifi Larkin a ranar 7 ga Yuli, 1899, a Las Vegas, New Mexico, ga iyayenta 'yan asalin Ingila da Scotland.<ref>Wald, Alan (2007). Trinity of Passion: The Literary Left and the Antifascist Crusade. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. pp. 81–83. <nowiki>ISBN 978-0-8078-3075-8</nowiki>.</ref> Ta yi karatu a Jami'ar Kansas . A shekarar 1922 ta lashe kyautar Waƙoƙi ta Ƙungiyar Marubuta ta Kansas. Bayan ta ƙaura zuwa Gabashin Tekun, ta auri Liston Oak kuma ta zama mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin ƙwadago. A shekarar 1926 ta rubuta taken fim ɗin shiru mai ''suna The Passaic Textile Strike.''<ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Detail view of Movies Page |url=http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/DetailView.aspx?s=1&Movie=1544 |access-date=2011-07-18 |publisher=Afi.com}}</ref> A cikin shekarun talatin ta kasance mai himma a matsayin mawaƙiya/mawaƙiya kuma mai tsara waƙoƙin gargajiya.<ref name="NYT" /> Bayan ta saki mijinta na farko, ta haɗu da marubuci Albert Maltz a shekarar 1935. Maltz ya yi shekara 9 a duniya. Sun yi aure a shekarar 1937. An saka Maltz cikin jerin sunayen 'yan Hollywood Ten saboda ƙin ya gaya wa Kwamitin Ayyukan da ba na Amurka ba na Majalisar Wakilai ko shi memba ne na Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Amurka.<ref name="NYT" /> Larkin, mijinta, ɗansu Peter da 'yarsu Katherine sun ƙaura zuwa [[Mexico (birni)|birnin Mexico]] a shekarar 1951. A shekarar 1964 an sake su a hukumance, bayan da Maltz ya riga ya koma Amurka.<ref name="trinity" /> Larkin ta taimaka wa masanin ilimin ɗan adam Oscar Lewis a bincike da rubutu kan La vida: wani iyali ɗan Puerto Rican a cikin al'adar talauci--San Juan da New York (1966). Littafinta na ƙarshe shine The Hand of Mordechai, akan kibbutz Yad Mordechai a kusa da yakin Falasdinu na 1947-1949 . An buga shi da Ibrananci (1966), Yiddish (1967), Turanci (1968), Jamusanci (1970), da Rashanci (197?). Ma'arachot, gidan bugawa na hukuma na Sojojin Tsaron Isra'ila, ne ya buga bugun Isra'ila, tare da gabatarwar Janar Haim Laskov . Wakilin adabi Barthold Fles ne ya wakilci Larkin. Margareth Larkin ta rasu a birnin Mexico a ranar 7 ga Mayu, 1967, tana da shekaru 67. Jikarta mai suna Gabriela Maltz Larkin, 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce kuma manajan shirya fina-finai, wacce aka fi sani da Mira Larkin kwanan nan. == Manazarta == 8iqfa5nlq2gwd5qosvdam2s9fths3j6 0 142967 878706 802916 2026-07-07T21:40:30Z Nnamadee 31123 878706 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Eva Bjøreng''' (an haife ta a ranar 23 ga Janairu 1953) ƙwararriyar ƙungiyar ƙwadago ce ta ƙasar Norway. An haife ta ne a Notodden . Ta fara aikinta a banki, ta zama wakilin ƙungiyar a Kreditkassen kuma ta zama jagora a cikin Ƙungiyar Sashen Kudi ta Norway. Daga 1993 zuwa 1996 ta jagoranci Confederation of Vocational Unions, kuma daga 1996 zuwa 1998 ta kasance darektan horo a cikin wannan kungiyar. Ta kasance darektan bayanai a cikin Kungiyar Baƙi ta Norway daga 1998 zuwa 2001, kuma sakatare-janar na Taimako na Jama'ar Norway daga 2001.<ref>Henriksen, Petter, ed. (2007). "Eva Bjøreng". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Oslo: Kunnskapsforlaget. Retrieved 30 July 2010.</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1941]] djyskhzalvz6ebrj1hpnwxgf0il14na 0 143649 878743 836190 2026-07-08T00:35:43Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878743 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Lídia de Fátima da Graça Cardoso''' manaja ce 'yar ƙasar Mozambique wacce ta kasance Ministar Ruwa ta Teku, Ruwa ta Cikin Ƙasa da Kamun Kifi tun daga watan Maris 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Presidente da República nomeia Primeiro-Ministro / Actualidade / Inicio - Portal da Presidência da República de Moçambique |url=https://www.presidencia.gov.mz/por/Actualidade/Presidente-da-Republica-nomeia-Primeiro-Ministro |access-date=2023-10-21 |website=www.presidencia.gov.mz |archive-date=2022-05-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526070444/https://www.presidencia.gov.mz/por/Actualidade/Presidente-da-Republica-nomeia-Primeiro-Ministro |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-03-04 |title=Mozambican President Nyusi names new Prime Minister, Cabinet members |url=https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/tea/news/rest-of-africa/mozambican-president-nyusi-names-new-prime-minister-3736714 |access-date=2023-10-21 |website=The East African |language=en |archive-date=2022-03-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220313075006/https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/tea/news/rest-of-africa/mozambican-president-nyusi-names-new-prime-minister-3736714 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ta maye gurbin [[Augusta Maíta]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lídia Cardoso nova Ministra do Mar, Águas Interiores e Pescas – Ministério do Mar, Águas Interiores e Pescas |url=https://www.mimaip.gov.mz/lidia-cardoso-nova-ministra-do-mar-aguas-interiores-e-pescas/ |access-date=2023-10-21 |website=www.mimaip.gov.mz |archive-date=2023-12-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231205183621/https://www.mimaip.gov.mz/lidia-cardoso-nova-ministra-do-mar-aguas-interiores-e-pescas/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Mozambique fires fisheries minister |url=https://www.seafoodsource.com/news/supply-trade/mozambique-fires-fisheries-minister |access-date=2023-10-21 |website=www.seafoodsource.com |language=en}}</ref> Cardoso ta taɓa zama Mataimakiyar Ministar Lafiya daga watan Fabrairu 2020 har zuwa watan Maris 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Breaking: Mozambique President dismisses Prime Minister and Deputy Minister of Health |url=https://clubofmozambique.com/news/breaking-mozambique-president-dismisses-prime-minister-and-deputy-minister-of-health-210802/ |access-date=2023-10-21 |website=Mozambique |language=en-US}}</ref> Kafin ta shiga gwamnati, ta kasance mai ba da shawara kan harkokin kula da harkokin lafiya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mozambique: Who are the new Deputy Ministers? |url=https://clubofmozambique.com/news/mozambique-who-are-the-new-deputy-ministers-152050/ |access-date=2023-10-21 |website=Mozambique |language=en-US |archive-date=2024-12-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241228181904/https://clubofmozambique.com/news/mozambique-who-are-the-new-deputy-ministers-152050/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] nleouqbjstin4xdex2zqh92t3a8dqew 0 145407 878754 836236 2026-07-08T02:21:58Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878754 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Chinonyerem Macleans''' (an haife ta a ranar 1 ga Oktoba 1999) 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta Najeriya wacce ke buga wa kungiyar Al-Shabab ta Saudiyya ta Premier League da tawagar Najeriya. == Aikin kulob == A lokacin bazara na 2020, ta bar [[Bayelsa Queens F.C.|Bayelsa Queens]] don shiga gasar zakarun sau 11, Bobruichanka Bobruisk, a gasar Belarusian lig . <ref>{{Cite web |date=October 4, 2020 |title=Nigeria striker Chinonyerem at the double as Bobruichanka thrash Bostor |url=https://www.goal.com/en/news/nigeria-striker-chinonyerem-at-the-double-as-bobruichanka-thrash-bostor/zg6djp7o40be1s90h9ixjtxq9 |access-date=3 October 2024 |website=goal.com}}</ref> A ranar 30 ga Nuwamba 2020, Stomilanki Olsztyn ya ba da sanarwar sanya hannu kan Macleans. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 November 2020 |title=Macleans Chinonyerem została nową Stomilanką! |trans-title=Macleans Chinonyerem has become the new Stomilanka! |url=https://stomilanki.pl/aktualnosci/2012/2152-macleans-chinonyerem-zosta%C5%82a-now%C4%85-stomilank%C4%85.html?fbclid=IwY2xjawFq3ZZleHRuA2FlbQIxMAABHWqa7WMORGNkTKr33I8DCPsJsqW6MOSdG7tBjws3YkCHv-5EUIsSNAtUGw_aem_ygQ4M4PW5oYRQEhWPqheYA |access-date=3 October 2024 |website=stomilanki.pl |language=pl }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A watan Agusta 2021, ta koma Górnik Łęczna ta Poland. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 August 2021 |title=Chinonyerem Macleans ma stanowić o sile ofensywnej Górnika Łęczna |trans-title=Chinonyerem Macleans is expected to be a key part of Górnik Łęczna's offensive strength. |url=https://www.dziennikwschodni.pl/sport/pilka-nozna/ekstraklasa-kobiet/chinonyerem-macleans-ma-stanowic-o-sile-ofensywnej-gornika-leczna,n,1000294059.html |access-date=3 October 2024 |website=dziennikwschodni.pl |language=pl }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Bayan kakar wasa ɗaya a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Poland, ta bar Górnik don shiga ƙungiyoyi a manyan gasannin ƙwallon ƙafa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=June 9, 2022 |title=Chinonyerem Macleans opuszcza zespół GKS Górnika Łęczna |trans-title=Chinonyerem Macleans leaves the team GKS Górnik Łęczna. |url=https://www.dziennikwschodni.pl/sport/pilka-nozna/ekstraklasa-kobiet/chinonyerem-macleans-opuszcza-zespol-gks-gornika-leczna,n,1000309167.html |access-date=October 3, 2024 |website=dziennikwschodni.pl |language=pl }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> === Lokomotiv Moscow === A lokacin bazara na 2022, ta shiga gasar cin kofin ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata ta Rasha Lokomotiv Moscow . A zagaye huɗu na farko na gasar, ta yi tasiri sosai, inda ta zira kwallaye biyar, kuma magoya bayanta suka zaɓe ta a matsayin 'yar wasa mafi kyau a watan Maris. <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 April 2023 |title=Маклинс Чиноньерем: «Хочу попробовать себя в модельном бизнесе» |trans-title=Chinonyerem MacLeans: "I want to try my hand in the modeling business. |url=https://wfl.rfs.ru/posts/1091520 |access-date=3 October 2024 |website=wfl.rfs.ru |language=ru }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 March 2023 |title=ЭмСи: Хочу порадоваться за всю команду. Победа меня очень вдохновляет |trans-title=MC: I want to celebrate with the whole team. This victory really inspires me. |url=https://www.fclm.ru/news/n/emsi-khochu-poradovatsya-za-vsyu-komandu-pobeda-menya-ochen-vdokhnovlyaet/ |access-date=3 October 2024 |website=fclm.ru |language=ru}}</ref> A wasan da ya biyo baya, an naɗa ta a matsayin 'yar wasa mafi kyau, inda ta ci gaba da nuna bajintarta. <ref>{{Cite web |date=April 25, 2023 |title=Chinonyerem Macleans' continues impressive form, wins POTM |url=https://nigeriasoccernet.com/chinonyerem-macleans-continues-impressive-form-wins-potm |access-date=3 October 2024 |website=nigeriasoccernet.com}}</ref> A watan Agusta na 2024, ta kawo ƙarshen shekaru biyu na zamanta a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Rasha. <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 11, 2024 |title=Super Falcons Star Quits Russian Club Lokomotiv Moscow |url=https://eaglestrackerng.com/blogs/transfer-news/macleans-departs-lokomotiv |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241007091115/https://eaglestrackerng.com/blogs/transfer-news/macleans-departs-lokomotiv |archive-date=7 October 2024 |access-date=October 3, 2024 |website=eaglestrackerng.com}}</ref> === Al-Shabab === A ranar 1 ga Oktoba 2024, ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata ta Saudiyya, Al-Shabab, ta sanar da siyan ɗan wasan gaba. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 October 2024 |title=Transfert (F) : La Nigériane Macleans Chinonyerem s'engage avec Al-Shabab |trans-title=Transfer (W): Nigerian Macleans Chinonyerem joins Al-Shabab. |url=https://africafootunited.com/transfert-f-la-nigeriane-macleans-chinonyerem-sengage-avec-al-shabab/ |access-date=3 October 2024 |website=africafootunited.com |language=fr |archive-date=7 October 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241007091132/https://africafootunited.com/transfert-f-la-nigeriane-macleans-chinonyerem-sengage-avec-al-shabab/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 October 2024 |title=Chinonyerem Macleans Joins Al Shabab Women FC. |url=https://superfalconsshow.com/chinonyerem-macleans-joins-al-shabab-women-fc/ |access-date=3 October 2024 |website=superfalconsshow.com}}</ref> == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == A watan Yunin 2022, MacLeans ta sami kiran farko zuwa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata ta Najeriya don shiga gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta mata ta 2022. [1] A ranar 7 ga Yulin 2022, ta fara bugawa ƙungiyar wasa, inda ta maye gurbin Ifeoma Onumonu a minti na 83. [2] [3] A ranar 3 ga Yuli 2024, an saka Macleans a cikin jerin 'yan wasan da za su wakilci Najeriya a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2024. <ref>{{Cite web |date=July 23, 2024 |title=Чиноньерем Маклинс: Хочу выиграть Олимпиаду! |trans-title=Chinonyerem MacLeans: I want to win the Olympics! |url=https://www.fclm.ru/news/n/Macleans-khochu-vyigrat-olimpiadu/ |access-date=3 October 2024 |website=fclm.ru |language=ru}}</ref> == Daraja == '''Mutum ɗaya''' * Ekstraliga wanda ya fi zura kwallaye: 2021-22 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Strzelcy |url=http://www.90minut.pl/strzelcy.php?id=11804 |access-date=19 January 2026 |website=90minut.pl |language=pl}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1999]] 96ncts0rrb5oukqglm5xldgnuh3cwsb 0 145728 878938 810527 2026-07-08T11:26:00Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878938 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Margaret Kanyiri Kobia''' (née Rukaria) ma'aikaciyar gwamnati ce 'yar ƙasar Kenya wacce Shugaba Uhuru Kenyatta ya naɗa a matsayin Sakatariyar Majalisar Ministoci kan Ayyukan Jama'a, Matasa, da Harkokin Jinsi, a ranar 26 ga watan Janairu, 2018. <ref name="One">{{Cite web |last=Presidential Strategic Communications (PSCU) |date=26 January 2018 |title=New Cabinet: President Kenyatta's statement in full |url=https://www.nation.co.ke/news/Uhuru-Kenyatta-New-Cabinet/1056-4280236-rnik0d/index.html |access-date=2 February 2018}}</ref> Kafin matsayinta na yanzu, ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabar Hukumar Kula da Ayyukan Jama'a ta Kenya daga watan Disamba 2012 zuwa watan Janairu 2018. <ref name="Two">{{Cite web |last=Effectiveinstitutions.org |date=2016 |title=Professor Margaret Kobia, PhD, CBS, Chairperson Public Service Commission, Kenya |url=https://www.effectiveinstitutions.org/media/Chairs__and_Keynote_Speaker_Profiles.pdf |access-date=2 February 2018 |publisher=Effectiveinstitutions.org |archive-date=22 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210222040126/https://www.effectiveinstitutions.org/media/Chairs__and_Keynote_Speaker_Profiles.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Tarihi da ilimi == An haifi Kobia a gundumar Meru. Mahaifiyarta manomiya ce kuma uwar gida, mahaifinta kuma jami'in 'yan sanda ne. Ita ce 'yar fari a cikin iyali mai 'yan'uwa bakwai, 'yan'uwa mata biyar, da 'yan'uwa maza biyu. Kobia ta halarci ''Makarantar Firamare ta Mairinya-A-Ruibi''. Daga nan ta yi karatu a Makarantar Sakandare ta 'Yan Mata ta Alliance, wacce ta shiga a shekarar 1972, don karatunta na O-Level da A-Level, inda ta kammala karatunta a shekarar 1977. <ref name="Three">{{Cite web |last=Wakhisi |first=Sylvia |date=22 November 2014 |title=Professor Margaret Kobia, Chairperson of the Public Service Commission, shares her dreams and worries of the commission |url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/evewoman/article/2000142190/prof-margaret-kobia-chairperson-of-the-public-service-commission-shares-her-dreams-and-worries-of-the-commission |access-date=2 February 2018}}</ref> A shekarar 1979, an shigar da ita [[Jami'ar Nairobi]], inda ta kammala karatun digiri na farko (BEd). A shekarar 1990, an shigar da ita [[Jami'ar Kenyatta]], inda ta sami digiri na biyu (MEd), wacce ta ƙware a fannin ilimin malamai, a shekarar 1991. Daga baya, a shekarar 2003, ta kammala karatun digiri na uku (PhD), a fannin Ilimin Albarkatun Ɗan Adam da Kasuwanci, daga Jami'ar Illinois da ke Urbana–Champaign, inda ta yi karatu a fannin tallafin karatu. <ref name="Two"/> <ref name="Three"/> == Aiki == Bayan kammala karatun digiri na farko, Kobia ta fara koyarwa a Makarantar Sakandare ta 'Yan Mata ta Ngara a shekarar 1981. Bayan shekaru shida a Ngara, ta shiga Majalisar Jarrabawar Ƙasa ta Kenya (KNEC) a matsayin jami'ar bincike da kuma mai haɓaka jarrabawa. <ref name="Three"/> A shekarar 1992, an naɗa Kobia a matsayin Babbar Malama a fannin Ilimi a Kwalejin Malaman Kimiyya ta Kenya. Sannan a shekarar 1996, ta koma Jami'ar Kenyatta a matsayin Mukaddashiyar Mataimakin Magatakarda kuma Daraktan Hukumar Kula da Jin Daɗin Ɗalibai. A shekarar 2002, an naɗa ta Mataimakiyar Sakatare a Hukumar Ilimi Mai Girma a wancan lokacin, wacce yanzu ita ce Hukumar Ilimi ta Jami'a. Daga nan ta koma koyarwa a Jami'ar Strathmore, a matsayin babbar malamar koyarwa a fannin gudanarwa, kasuwanci da hanyoyin bincike. <ref name="Three"/> A shekara ta 2005, an naɗa Kobia darakta, Cibiyar Gudanarwa ta Kenya, (KIA), wacce yanzu ita ce Makarantar Gwamnati ta Kenya, tana aiki a wannan matsayin har zuwa shekara ta 2012, lokacin da aka naɗa ta shugabar Hukumar Kula da Ayyukan Jama'a ta Kenya, mace ta farko 'yar Kenya, da ta yi aiki a wannan matsayin. <ref name="Two"/> <ref name="Three"/> == Iyali == Kobia uwa ce mai aure da 'ya'ya uku, ɗa ɗaya da 'ya'ya mata biyu. <ref name="Four">{{Cite web |last=Samwel Born Maina |date=11 May 2014 |title=We are wives and mothers, and we're living our dreams |url=https://mobile.nation.co.ke/lifestyle/We-are-wives-and-mothers--and-we-re-living-our-dreams/1950774-2310460-format-xhtml-4xl678/index.html |access-date=2 February 2018}}</ref> == Wasu abubuwan da za a yi la'akari da su == Kobia ta sami kyaututtuka da dama, ciki har da "Order of Grand Warrior" (OGW), Order of "Chief of Burning Spear" (CBS), Elder of Golden Heart (EGH) da kuma "Commonwealth Gordon Draper Award". An zaɓe ta a matsayin Mataimakiyar Shugaba kuma memba na kwamitin gudanarwa na Ƙungiyar Gudanarwa da Gudanarwa ta Commonwealth (CAPAM), a watan Oktoba a shekarar 2014. Kwalejin Ilimi, Jami'ar Illinois ta ba ta lambar yabo ta tsofaffin ɗalibai ta 2019. Ita ce Chancellor, Jami'ar St Paul, Kenya tun daga shekarar 2018. Ita ma'aikaciya ce a Cibiyar Gudanarwa ta Kenya da kuma Cibiyar Sakatarorin Jama'a ta Certified Public Secretaries ta Kenya. <ref name="Two"/> == Duba kuma == * [[Amina Mohamed|Amina Muhammad]] * [[Raychelle Omamo]] * Judy Wakhungu == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 8rnlbyupm761njbcdvdxpr2ioms2d7z 0 145966 878731 815482 2026-07-07T22:08:26Z Nnamadee 31123 878731 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Lena Karpunina''' (1963 - 4 ga Nuwamba, 2013; [[Rasha]]: Елена Карпунина) marubuciya ce ta harshen [[Esperanto]] a [[Tajikistan]] (sa'an nan wani ɓangare na [[Tarayyar Sobiyet|Tarayyar Soviet]]). An haife ta a cikin abin da ke yanzu Rasha, ta girma a babban birnin Tajik na [[Dushanbe]], sannan aka tilasta mata barin zuwa Jamus saboda Yaƙin basasar Tajikistan. Daga 2010 har zuwa mutuwarta, ta kasance memba na Akademio de Esperanto, wanda aka zaba da farko don nuna godiya ga aikinta a fagen adabi.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2013-11-06 |title=Informo pri la morto de la membro de la Akademio de Esperanto Lena Karpunina |url=https://www.akademio-de-esperanto.org/oficialaj_informoj/oficialaj_informoj_23_2013.html |access-date=2022-06-02 |website=Akademio de Esperanto |language=eo}}</ref> An haifi Jelena Karpunina, wacce aka fi sani da Lena, a shekarar 1963 a Kaluga, Tarayyar Soviet, a yankin da yanzu ake kira Rasha.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last= |date=2013-11-05 |title=Forpasis Lena Karpunina |url=https://www.liberafolio.org/arkivo/www.liberafolio.org/2013/forpasis-lena-karpunina/ |access-date=2022-06-02 |website=Libera Folio |language=eo }}{{Dead link|date=March 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2013-11-05 |title=Jelena Karpunina forpasis |url=https://sezonoj.ru/2013/11/nekrologo-4/ |access-date=2022-06-02 |website=La Ondo de Esperanto |language=eo}}</ref> Ta girma a Dushanbe, babban birnin abin da yanzu ake kira Tajikistan.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> Bayan kammala karatunta a {{Interlanguage link|Tajik Technical University|ru|Таджикский технический университет имени М. Осими}} a shekarar 1986, ta yi aiki a kamfanoni daban-daban a Tajikistan a matsayin injiniyan mota.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> A shekarar 1988, ta fara koyon [[Esperanto]].<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> Ta kan yi tafiye-tafiye akai-akai zuwa tarurruka da tarurrukan Esperanto.<ref name=":2" /> Sannan, a shekarar 1993, a lokacin Yaƙin Basasa na Tajikistani, ta ƙaura zuwa [[Berlin]], inda a shekarar 1997 ta fara karatun harsunan [[Jamusanci|Jamus]] a Jami'ar Humboldt . Yayin da take Jamus, ta auri Gerd Bussing, wani ƙwararren masanin Esperanti na Jamus.<ref name=":1" /> Ta mutu a shekarar 2013 a Berlin.<ref name=":0"/><ref name=":1" /> == Rubuce-rubucen wallafe-wallafen == gKarpunina an san ta da gudummawar da ta bayar ga wallafe-wallafen Esperanto, wanda ta fara rubutawa a farkon shekarun 1990.<ref name=":12">{{Cite web |last= |date=2013-11-05 |title=Forpasis Lena Karpunina |url=https://www.liberafolio.org/arkivo/www.liberafolio.org/2013/forpasis-lena-karpunina/ |access-date=2022-06-02 |website=Libera Folio |language=eo }}{{Dead link|date=March 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name=":22">{{Cite web |date=2013-11-05 |title=Jelena Karpunina forpasis |url=https://sezonoj.ru/2013/11/nekrologo-4/ |access-date=2022-06-02 |website=La Ondo de Esperanto |language=eo}}</ref> Ta wallafa littattafai biyu a cikin Esperanto, duka gajerun labaran: La ''Bato'' ("The Blow") a cikin 2001 da Neokazinta Amo ("Unrequited Love") a cikin 2007.<ref name=":12" /><ref name=":32">{{Cite web |last=Johansson |first=Sten |date=2013-11-07 |title=Lena Karpunina lasis la juĝadon al la legantoj |url=https://www.liberafolio.org/arkivo/www.liberafolio.org/2013/lena-karpunina-lasis-la-jugadon-al-la-legantoj.html |access-date=2022-06-02 |website=Libera Folio |language=eo |archive-date=2022-06-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220602143836/https://www.liberafolio.org/arkivo/www.liberafolio.org/2013/lena-karpunina-lasis-la-jugadon-al-la-legantoj.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Dukansu an buga su a matsayin wani ɓangare na jerin da ta buga. Ta kuma ba da gudummawa ga mujallar Esperanto ''[[Monato]]'', tana rubutu a ƙarƙashin [[Pen name|sunan alkalami]] "REGO".<ref name=":12" /> Ayyukanta galibi sun samo asali ne daga abubuwan da ta samu tun tana yarinya a Tajikistan, kuma an bayyana gajerun labarinta a matsayin "humanist" da "modern".<ref name=":22" /><ref name=":32" /> Ayyukanta sun sami kyaututtuka daban-daban a gasar zane-zane ta Universal Esperanto Association.<ref name=":1"/><ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Johansson |first=Sten |date=2013-11-07 |title=Lena Karpunina lasis la juĝadon al la legantoj |url=https://www.liberafolio.org/arkivo/www.liberafolio.org/2013/lena-karpunina-lasis-la-jugadon-al-la-legantoj.html |access-date=2022-06-02 |website=Libera Folio |language=eo }}{{Dead link|date=March 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A shekara ta 2010, an zabe ta a matsayin memba na Akademio de Esperanto,<ref name=":1" /> kuma ta kasance memba na Akademios Literatura de Esperanto.<ref name=":0"/> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2013]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1963]] 3l36wq97ytj1kxy4kqhywuay1qo6snw 0 147565 878638 822284 2026-07-07T19:09:04Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878638 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Leslie Felicia Petrik''' farfesa ce ta South Afirka wacce ta kware a fannin kimiyyar [[Nanotechnology|Nanoscience]] da ilmin sunadarai na muhalli a Jami'ar Western Cape . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Leslie Petrik - Agenda Contributor |url=https://www.weforum.org/stories/authors/leslie-petrik/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250619230616/https://www.weforum.org/stories/authors/leslie-petrik/ |archive-date=2025-06-19 |access-date=2025-08-24 |website=World Economic Forum |language=en}}</ref> Ita ce ta kafa kungiyar bincike ta Environmental and Nano Sciences (ENS) kuma mabiyiyar Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Afirka.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Petrik Leslie Felicia {{!}} The AAS |url=https://aasciences.africa/fellows/petrik-leslie-felicia |access-date=2025-08-24 |website=aasciences.africa |language=en}}</ref> == Ilimi == Leslie ta sami digirinta na PhD a fannin ilmin sunadarai daga Jami'ar Western Cape a shekara ta 2008. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Reporter |first=Staff |date=2012-08-29 |title=Distinguished Women Scientists |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2012-08-29-distinguished-women-scientists/ |access-date=2025-08-24 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Leslie tana rike matsayi a Jami'ar Western Cape, inda ta kafa kuma ta jagoranci ƙungiyar bincike ta Muhalli da Nano Sciences (ENS). Binciken ta yana mai da hankali kan mafita mai ɗorewa don kula da sarrafa shara da gyaran ruwa, musamman ma sauya toka zuwa samfuran dake kara Kima .<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Prof Leslie Petrick – NSTF |url=https://nstf.org.za/2018/12/04/professor-leslie-petrick/ |access-date=2025-08-24 |language=en-US }}{{Dead link|date=July 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Binciken ta ya sami tallafi daga hukumomin tallafi ciki har da Hukumar Binciken Ruwa, Gidauniyar Bincike ta Kasa, da abokan hulɗa ciki har da Eskom, Sasol da Coaltech . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Reporter |first=Staff |date=2018-06-29 |title=Washing water clean with waste ash from coal |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2018-06-29-00-washing-water-clean-with-waste-ash-from-coal/ |access-date=2025-08-24 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka da karbuwa == Leslie ta lashe lambar yabo ta Cibiyar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Kasa a shekarar 2018 saboda gudummawar da ta bayar wajen gudanar da albarkatun ruwa a South Afirka.<ref name=":2"/> kuma an zabe ta a wannan shekarar a matsayin Mabiyiyar Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Afirka. <ref name=":0"/> A shekarar 2010, ta lashe lambar yabo ta fasahar THRIP ta Ma'aikatar Kasuwanci da Masana'antu.<ref name=":1"/> == Littattafan da aka zaɓa == * Kimiyya ta samo sabon tushe wajen canza toka daga gurbataccen abu zuwa kayayyaki masu amfani.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Petrik |first=Leslie |date=2015-07-08 |title=Science breaks new ground in converting coal ash from pollutant to useful products |url=http://theconversation.com/science-breaks-new-ground-in-converting-coal-ash-from-pollutant-to-useful-products-44196 |access-date=2025-08-24 |website=The Conversation |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=How to tackle 'fly ash' generated from coal power plants |url=https://www.weforum.org/stories/2015/07/how-to-tackle-fly-ash-generated-by-coal-power-plants/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250710113533/https://www.weforum.org/stories/2015/07/how-to-tackle-fly-ash-generated-by-coal-power-plants/ |archive-date=2025-07-10 |access-date=2025-08-24 |website=World Economic Forum |language=en}}</ref> * {{Cite journal |last=Paul |first=Suvash Chandra |last2=van Rooyen |first2=Algurnon S. |last3=van Zijl |first3=Gideon P.A.G. |last4=Petrik |first4=Leslie Felicia |date=2018 |title=Properties of cement-based composites using nanoparticles: A comprehensive review |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0950061818322402 |journal=Construction and Building Materials |volume=189 |pages=1019–1034 |doi=10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.09.062 |url-access=subscription |access-date=2025-08-24}} * {{Cite journal |last=Ojemaye |first=Cecilia Y. |last2=Petrik |first2=Leslie |date=2019 |title=Pharmaceuticals in the marine environment: a review |url=https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/10.1139/er-2018-0054 |journal=Environmental Reviews |volume=27 |issue=2 |pages=151–165 |bibcode=2019EnvRv..27..151O |doi=10.1139/er-2018-0054 |issn=1181-8700 |url-access=subscription |access-date=2025-08-24 |hdl-access=free}} == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] t700gu60cir7zzhm27vg6cr6qm09feg 0 151636 878600 837573 2026-07-07T15:33:04Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 3 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878600 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Lafia stadium.jp.jpg|thumb]] {{Infobox stadium | name = Lafia Township Stadium | image = | image_size = | caption = Lafia Township Stadium | fullname = Lafia Township Stadium | location = [[Lafia]], [[Jihar Nasarawa]], Najeriya | coordinates = | owner = Gwamnatin Jihar Nasarawa | operator = Hukumar Wasanni ta Jihar Nasarawa | capacity = Kimanin mutane 10,000 | surface = Ciyawa | tenants = [[Nasarawa United F.C.]] | type = Filin wasan ƙwallon ƙafa }} '''Lafia Township Stadium''' wani sanannen filin wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne da ke cikin birnin [[Lafia]], babban birnin [[Jihar Nasarawa]] a ƙasar Najeriya. Filin wasan yana daga cikin muhimman cibiyoyin wasanni a jihar, musamman wajen gudanar da wasannin ƙwallon ƙafa na cikin gida da sauran harkokin wasanni. Ana amfani da filin domin karɓar wasannin kungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa da kuma shirya gasa da bukukuwa daban-daban.<ref>{{cite web |title=Nasarawa United to use Lafia Township Stadium for league matches |url=https://guardian.ng/sport/nasarawa-united-to-use-lafia-township-stadium-for-league-matches/ |website=The Guardian Nigeria |access-date=18 May 2026}}</ref> Filin wasan ya shahara ne saboda kasancewarsa gida ga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta [[Nasarawa United F.C.]], wadda take taka leda a manyan gasannin ƙwallon ƙafa na Najeriya. Magoya bayan ƙungiyar suna cika filin yayin manyan wasanni, lamarin da ya sanya filin ya zama cibiyar haɗuwar masoya wasanni a jihar Nasarawa.<ref>{{cite web |title=Nasarawa United FC profile |url=https://npfl.ng/clubs/nasarawa-united/ |website=Nigeria Premier Football League |access-date=18 May 2026 }}{{Dead link|date=July 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> An yi amfani da Lafia Township Stadium wajen gudanar da wasannin [[Nigeria Professional Football League]] da sauran gasannin cikin gida. Filin yana da muhimmanci wajen bunƙasa wasanni a yankin Arewa ta Tsakiya na Najeriya, musamman ta fuskar haɓaka matasan 'yan wasa da samar musu damar nuna ƙwarewarsu.<ref>{{cite web |title=Lafia Township Stadium hosts NPFL matches |url=https://www.brila.net/nasarawa-united-return-to-lafia-township-stadium/ |website=Brila FM |access-date=18 May 2026 }}{{Dead link|date=July 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Baya ga ƙwallon ƙafa, ana amfani da filin wajen shirya tarukan gwamnati, bukukuwa da sauran manyan tarurruka na jama'a. Wannan ya sanya filin ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin muhimman wuraren taro a jihar Nasarawa.<ref>{{cite web |title=Nasarawa government sports development projects |url=https://dailytrust.com/nasarawa-govt-promises-improved-sports-facilities/ |website=Daily Trust |access-date=18 May 2026 }}{{Dead link|date=July 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A shekarun baya-bayan nan, gwamnatin jihar ta nuna ƙoƙari wajen inganta kayan more rayuwa da gyaran filin domin ya dace da ƙa’idojin gudanar da manyan wasanni. Wannan ya haɗa da gyaran kujeru, filin ciyawa da sauran muhimman abubuwan more rayuwa na filin wasa.<ref>{{cite web |title=Nasarawa State upgrades stadium facilities |url=https://punchng.com/nasarawa-renovates-stadium-for-new-season/ |website=Punch Newspapers |access-date=18 May 2026}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Nasarawa United F.C.]] * [[Lafia]] * [[Jihar Nasarawa]] * [[Nigeria Professional Football League]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Filayen wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Najeriya]] [[Category:Jihar Nasarawa]] [[Category:Lafia]] 12wmzmqpskic2dvtr8ickynzafgrjc5 0 151650 878626 837600 2026-07-07T18:13:34Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878626 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football venue | stadium_name = Legacy Pitch | image = | image_size = | caption = Legacy Pitch a Najeriya | fullname = Legacy Pitch | location = [[Surulere]], [[Lagos]], Najeriya | coordinates = | owner = [[Lagos State Government]] | operator = | surface = Ciyawa | capacity = Kimanin mutane 2,000+ | opened = 2022 | tenants = Kungiyoyin kwallon kafa daban-daban }} '''Legacy Pitch''' wani filin wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne da ke yankin [[Surulere]] a jihar [[Lagos]], Najeriya. An gina filin ne domin bunƙasa harkokin ƙwallon ƙafa da kuma bai wa matasa damar gudanar da wasanni a yanayi mai kyau da inganci. Filin yana daga cikin sabbin wuraren wasanni da aka samar a Najeriya domin horo, gasar ƙwallon ƙafa, da sauran abubuwan da suka shafi wasanni.<ref>{{cite web |title=Legacy Pitch opens in Lagos |url=https://guardian.ng/sport/legacy-pitch-opens-in-lagos/ |website=The Guardian Nigeria |access-date=18 May 2026}}</ref> An buɗe Legacy Pitch a shekarar 2022 a matsayin wani ɓangare na ƙoƙarin gwamnatin jihar Lagos da masu ruwa da tsaki a harkar wasanni wajen samar da ingantattun filayen wasa a Najeriya. Filin yana kusa da [[National Stadium, Lagos]], wanda hakan ya sa ya zama muhimmin wuri ga ci gaban wasannin ƙwallon ƙafa a ƙasar. Ana amfani da filin wajen horas da matasa, shirya gasa, da kuma gudanar da shirye-shiryen gano hazikan 'yan wasa.<ref>{{cite web |title=Lagos unveils Legacy Pitch for football development |url=https://punchng.com/lagos-unveils-legacy-pitch-for-football-development/ |website=Punch Newspapers |access-date=18 May 2026}}</ref> Legacy Pitch ya samu karɓuwa daga kungiyoyi da makarantu daban-daban saboda ingancin filin da kuma tsarinsa na zamani. Filin yana da ciyawa mai kyau, fitilu, da kuma wuraren zama ga masu kallo. Haka kuma ana amfani da shi wajen gudanar da gasannin matasa da shirye-shiryen horas da masu koyarwa da alkalai.<ref>{{cite web |title=Legacy Pitch and grassroots football in Nigeria |url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2022/09/18/legacy-pitch-and-grassroots-football-in-nigeria/ |website=ThisDay Live |access-date=18 May 2026 }}{{Dead link|date=July 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A shekarun baya-bayan nan, Legacy Pitch ya zama daya daga cikin wuraren da ake gudanar da shirye-shiryen ci gaban ƙwallon ƙafa a Najeriya. Wasu fitattun kungiyoyi da makarantu sun rika amfani da filin wajen shirya wasannin sada zumunci da atisaye. Masana harkar wasanni sun bayyana cewa irin wannan fili yana taimakawa wajen bunƙasa ƙwallon ƙafa daga tushe a Najeriya.<ref>{{cite web |title=How Legacy Pitch is supporting youth football |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2023/01/how-legacy-pitch-is-supporting-youth-football/ |website=Vanguard News |access-date=18 May 2026 }}{{Dead link|date=July 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[National Stadium, Lagos]] * [[Ƙwallon ƙafa a Najeriya]] * [[Lagos]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Filayen wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a Najeriya]] [[Category:Lagos]] [[Category:Wasanni a Najeriya]] j3qkgsgx6v1w148d7e28zyn7uapje3h 0 151723 878605 837904 2026-07-07T15:55:14Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878605 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:National Stadium, Surulere - 2024.jpg|thumb]] {{Infobox stadium | suna = Lagos National Stadium | hoto = National Stadium Lagos.jpg | cikakken_suna = National Stadium, Surulere | wuri = Surulere, [[Lagos]], Najeriya | an_bude = 1972 | mai_ita = Gwamnatin Tarayyar Najeriya | nauyi = Kimanin mutane 45,000 | amfani = Wasannin ƙwallon ƙafa da sauran wasanni }} '''Lagos National Stadium''' ko kuma '''National Stadium, Surulere''' babban filin wasa ne da ke yankin Surulere a cikin birnin [[Lagos]], Najeriya. An gina filin wasan ne domin karɓar manyan gasannin wasanni na ƙasa da ƙasa, kuma ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun filayen wasa a tarihin wasannin Najeriya.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://guardian.ng/sport/inside-the-decay-of-national-stadium-lagos/ |title=Inside the decay of National Stadium Lagos |website=The Guardian Nigeria |date=24 July 2022 |access-date=19 May 2026}}</ref> == Tarihi == An kammala gina Lagos National Stadium a shekarar 1972 domin karɓar gasar [[1973 All-Africa Games]] da aka gudanar a Najeriya. A lokacin bude shi, filin wasan ya kasance daya daga cikin manyan kuma mafi zamani a nahiyar Afirka.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Lagos-Nigeria |title=Lagos |website=Encyclopaedia Britannica |access-date=19 May 2026}}</ref> Filin wasan ya karɓi manyan wasanni da dama, ciki har da wasannin ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa ta Najeriya, wato ''Super Eagles'', da kuma gasannin cikin gida da na nahiyar Afirka.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fifa.com/fifaplus/en/articles/nigeria-football-history-national-stadium-lagos |title=The historic National Stadium Lagos |website=FIFA |access-date=19 May 2026}}</ref> == Tsari da kayan aiki == Filin wasan yana da babban fili na wasan ƙwallon ƙafa tare da filin tsere na athletics da kujerun masu kallo masu ɗaukar dubban mutane. A cikin shekarun baya, an yi amfani da filin wajen shirya gasannin motsa jiki, dambe, kwallon kwando da sauran wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/sports/nigeria-sports-news/497746-fg-plans-renovation-of-national-stadium-lagos.html |title=FG plans renovation of National Stadium Lagos |website=Premium Times |date=15 November 2021 |access-date=19 May 2026}}</ref> Duk da kasancewarsa daya daga cikin manyan cibiyoyin wasanni a Najeriya, filin wasan ya fuskanci matsalolin rashin gyare-gyare da lalacewar kayan more rayuwa a wasu lokuta.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://guardian.ng/sport/inside-the-decay-of-national-stadium-lagos/ |title=Inside the decay of National Stadium Lagos |website=The Guardian Nigeria |date=24 July 2022 |access-date=19 May 2026}}</ref> == Muhimman abubuwan da suka faru == Lagos National Stadium ya karɓi wasu muhimman abubuwan tarihi a harkar wasanni, ciki har da: * Gasar [[1973 All-Africa Games]] * Wasannin neman cancantar shiga gasar [[FIFA World Cup]] * Wasannin [[Nigeria national football team|Super Eagles]] * Manyan bukukuwa da tarukan ƙasa<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2023/06/12/the-story-of-national-stadium-lagos/ |title=The Story of National Stadium Lagos |website=ThisDay |date=12 June 2023 |access-date=19 May 2026 }}{{Dead link|date=July 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Moshood Abiola National Stadium]] * [[Nigeria national football team]] * [[Lagos]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Filayen wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a Najeriya]] [[Category:Gine-gine a Lagos]] [[Category:Wuraren wasanni a Najeriya]] [[Category:An kafa su a shekarar 1972]] 6u2gwu5o4sj9elrkozii65f1b8tscgu 0 151852 878716 838514 2026-07-07T21:51:51Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878716 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox|2}} Long Dark Night ([[Kroatiya|Croatian:]]) fim ne na Croatian na 2004 wanda ke hulɗa da [[Yaƙin Duniya na II]] a Croatia da sakamakonsa. Antun Vrdoljak ne ya ba da umarnin kuma ya fito da Goran Višnjić . Shi ne gabatarwar Croatia ga Kyautar Kwalejin ta 77 don Kyautar Kwalejin don Mafi kyawun Fim na Harshen Ƙasashen waje, amma ba a yarda da shi a matsayin wanda aka zaba ba.<ref name="AMPASSubmissionList">{{cite press release|url=http://www.oscars.org/press/pressreleases/2004/04.10.22.html|title=50 Countries in Competition for Oscar|publisher=[[Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences]]|date=22 October 2004|accessdate=29 January 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20050207192921/http://www.oscars.org/press/pressreleases/2004/04.10.22.html|archivedate=7 February 2005}}</ref><ref name="YahooMoviesNomineeList">{{Cite web |date=25 January 2005 |title=2005 Oscars 77th Academy Awards Nominees |url=https://movies.yahoo.com/feature/osc_03nominees.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080122041139/http://movies.yahoo.com/feature/osc_03nominees.html |archive-date=22 January 2008 |access-date=8 July 2008 |publisher=[[Yahoo! Movies]]}}</ref> An kuma daidaita fim din a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na 13 da gidan talabijin ya watsa a shekara ta 2005.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://obljetnica.hrt.hr/leksikon/d/duga-mracna-noc/|title=Duga mračna noć|encyclopedia=Leksikon radija i televizije|publisher=[[Croatian Radiotelevision]]|language=hr|accessdate=16 September 2020|archive-date=17 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200917004727/https://obljetnica.hrt.hr/leksikon/d/duga-mracna-noc/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Yan Wasan Shirin == * Goran Višnjić - Ivan Kolar - Iva * Mustafa Nadarević - Španac * Ivo Gregurević - Manjo * Goran Navojec - Matija Čačić - Mata * Boris Dvornik - Luka Kolar * Tarik Filipović - Joka * {{Interlanguage link|Katarina Bistrović-Darvaš|hr}} - Vera Kolar * Žarko Potočnjak - Alojz * Vera Zima - Kata * Alen Liverić - Jozef Schmit * Goran Grgić - Franz Kirchmeier * Krešimir Mikić - Robert Neuman == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{IMDb title|id=0305499|title=Long Dark Night}} 4rx4108yhxw6zup5ymx267sia5kfzeu 0 151900 878760 838766 2026-07-08T02:47:23Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878760 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Madu Ndidi Patience''' (an haife ta a ranar 19 ga Agusta 1988) fitacciyar alkalin wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ce daga Najeriya wadda ke cikin jerin alkalan FIFA. Ta samu karɓuwa a matakin nahiyar Afirka da duniya saboda jagorantar manyan wasanni na mata da kuma amfani da fasahar VAR a manyan gasanni.<ref>{{cite web |title=Patience Madu Ndidi |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patience_Madu_Ndidi |website=Wikipedia |access-date=21 Mayu 2026}}</ref> An san Patience Madu Ndidi da kasancewa ɗaya daga cikin manyan alkalan wasan mata a Najeriya. Ta zama alkalin FIFA a shekarar 2018, lamarin da ya ba ta damar jagorantar wasanni a ƙarƙashin Hukumar Kwallon Ƙafa ta Afirka (CAF) da kuma FIFA.<ref>{{cite web |title=Nigerian Woman Referee, Ndidi Madu, Among FIFA’s Elite Referees |url=https://sportsvillagesquare.com/2020/01/25/nigerian-woman-referee-ndidi-madu-among-fifas-elite-referees/ |website=Sports Village Square |date=25 January 2020 |access-date=21 Mayu 2026}}</ref> Ta jagoranci wasanni a gasar '''Tokyo 2020 Olympics''' a fannin ƙwallon ƙafar mata, inda hakan ya ƙara mata suna a duniya. Haka kuma ta shiga cikin jerin alkalan da suka yi aiki a gasar '''2022 Women’s Africa Cup of Nations (WAFCON)''' da kuma '''CAF Women’s Champions League'''.<ref>{{cite web |title=Patience Madu Ndidi |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patience_Madu_Ndidi |website=Wikipedia |access-date=21 Mayu 2026}}</ref> A shekarar 2022, Patience Madu Ndidi ta zama ɗaya daga cikin alkalan Najeriya na farko da suka yi amfani da fasahar '''Video Assistant Referee (VAR)''' a gasar mata ta Afirka. Wannan ya nuna ci gaban da Najeriya ke samu wajen horar da alkalai masu amfani da sabbin fasahohi.<ref>{{cite web |title=Nigeria’s most recognised football referees |url=https://sportingtribune.com/nigerias-most-recognised-football-referees/ |website=Sporting Tribune |access-date=21 Mayu 2026}}</ref> CAF ta zaɓi Patience Madu Ndidi cikin alkalan da suka jagoranci gasar '''CAF Women’s Champions League''' ta shekarar 2022, inda ta kasance kaɗai daga Najeriya cikin jerin manyan alkalan tsakiya da aka zaɓa domin gasar.<ref>{{cite web |title=CAF lists Nigerian referee, Madu for Women's Champions League duty |url=https://dailypost.ng/2022/10/18/caf-lists-nigerian-referee-madu-for-womens-champions-league-duty/ |website=Daily Post Nigeria |date=18 October 2022 |access-date=21 Mayu 2026}}</ref> Baya ga aikinta a matakin duniya, Patience Madu Ndidi ta kuma jagoranci manyan wasanni a cikin gida a Najeriya. A shekarar 2021 ta zama mace ta farko da aka bai wa damar zama alkalin wasan ƙarshe na '''Aiteo Cup''' tsakanin Nasarawa United da Bayelsa United.<ref>{{cite web |title=Nigerian Referee Patience Ndidi Makes Another Record |url=https://von.gov.ng/index.php/2021/08/09/nigerian-referee-patience-ndidi-makes-another-record/ |website=Voice of Nigeria |date=9 August 2021 |access-date=21 Mayu 2026 }}{{Dead link|date=July 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A shekarar 2024, FIFA ta sake sanya sunan Patience Madu Ndidi cikin alkalan Najeriya da aka amince su gudanar da wasannin ƙasa da ƙasa. Wannan ya tabbatar da ci gaba da yarda da ƙwarewarta a fagen alkalanci.<ref>{{cite web |title=FIFA approves 30 Nigerian referees for 2024 competitions |url=https://dailytrust.com/fifa-approves-30-nigerian-referees-for-2024-competitions/ |website=Daily Trust |date=14 December 2023 |access-date=21 Mayu 2026}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin waje == * [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patience_Madu_Ndidi Patience Madu Ndidi a Wikipedia] sld58i4seiacuoh3qisfcybumtbyjpr 0 151914 878592 838796 2026-07-07T15:23:51Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878592 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Isah Ladan Bosso''' (an haife shi ranar 5 Oktoba 1967 a Jihar Neja, Najeriya) ƙwararren mai horas da ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan Najeriya. Ya shahara wajen horas da ƙungiyoyin matasa na Najeriya musamman kungiyar ‘yan kasa da shekaru 20 ta Najeriya wadda aka fi sani da ''Flying Eagles''. Bosso ya kuma jagoranci kungiyoyi daban-daban a gasar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya. <ref>{{cite web |title=Ladan Bosso |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ladan_Bosso |website=Wikipedia |access-date=21 May 2026}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Ladan Bosso a Jihar Neja da ke Najeriya. Tun yana matashi ya nuna sha’awa sosai a harkar ƙwallon ƙafa, musamman a bangaren horaswa da kula da ci gaban matasa masu tasowa a wasan. <ref>{{cite web |title=Ladan Bosso Manager Profile |url=https://www.transfermarkt.com/ladan-bosso/profil/trainer/70029 |website=Transfermarkt |access-date=21 May 2026}}</ref> == Aikin horaswa == Bosso ya samu karɓuwa sosai bayan da aka naɗa shi a matsayin kocin kungiyar Najeriya ta ‘yan ƙasa da shekaru 20 a shekarar 2007. Ya jagoranci kungiyar zuwa wasan kusa da na kusa da karshe a gasar FIFA U-20 World Cup ta shekarar 2007. Duk da haka, tawagarsa ta sha suka bayan rashin lashe gasar. <ref>{{cite web |title=Ladan Bosso |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ladan_Bosso |website=Wikipedia |access-date=21 May 2026}}</ref> Bayan barinsa daga Flying Eagles, Bosso ya horas da kungiyoyi da dama a gasar firimiya ta Najeriya ciki har da Kano Pillars, Wikki Tourists, Bayelsa United, Abia Warriors da El-Kanemi Warriors. Ya kasance daya daga cikin fitattun masu horaswa masu gogewa a Najeriya saboda yawan kungiyoyin da ya jagoranta. <ref>{{cite web |title=NPFL: Bayelsa United unveil new head coach, Ladan Bosso |url=https://dailypost.ng/2024/07/16/npfl-bayelsa-united-unveil-new-head-coach-ladan-bosso/ |website=Daily Post Nigeria |access-date=21 May 2026}}</ref> A shekarar 2020, Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Najeriya (NFF) ta sake nada shi a matsayin kocin Flying Eagles bayan shekaru fiye da goma da barinsa mukamin. Wannan nadin ya nuna yadda ake ganin yana da kwarewa wajen bunkasa matasan ‘yan wasa. <ref>{{cite web |title=Flying Eagles : Identities Of New Head Coach Revealed |url=https://www.allnigeriasoccer.com/read_news.php?nid=37478 |website=All Nigeria Soccer |access-date=21 May 2026}}</ref> Bosso ya jagoranci Flying Eagles a gasar cin kofin Afirka ta ‘yan ƙasa da shekaru 20 ta shekarar 2023 inda kungiyar ta kai matakin kusa da na karshe kuma ta samu tikitin shiga gasar FIFA U-20 World Cup. An yaba masa kan tsarin wasansa mai mayar da hankali kan tsaro da kuma horar da matasa. <ref>{{cite web |title=Ladan Bosso |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ladan_Bosso |website=Wikipedia |access-date=21 May 2026}}</ref> == Cece-kuce == A shekarar 2007, Bosso ya jawo cece-kuce bayan ya zargi alkalin wasa ɗan Ingila Howard Webb da nuna wariyar launin fata bayan Najeriya ta sha kashi a hannun Chile a gasar FIFA U-20 World Cup. Hukumar FIFA ta hukunta shi da dakatarwa na watanni hudu tare da tara saboda kalaman nasa. <ref>{{cite web |title=Nigerian coach levies racism charge against ref |url=https://www.cbc.ca/sports/soccer/nigerian-coach-levies-racism-charge-against-ref-1.676604 |website=CBC Sports |access-date=21 May 2026}}</ref> == Salon horaswa == Ana kallon Ladan Bosso a matsayin mai horaswa mai amfani da tsari mai karfi a bangaren tsaro da kuma bai wa matasa dama. Ya taka rawa wajen gano da bunkasa hazikan ‘yan wasa da dama a Najeriya. <ref>{{cite web |title=Coach Ladan Bosso: The Mentor Behind Daniel Bameyi’s Meteoric Rise |url=https://moys.by.gov.ng/coach-ladan-bosso-the-mentor-behind-daniel-bameyis-meteoric-rise/ |website=Bayelsa State Ministry of Sports Development |access-date=21 May 2026 }}{{Dead link|date=July 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Nigeria national under-20 football team]] * [[Nigeria Football Federation]] * [[Bayelsa United F.C.]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} frop8y3wb09q2b86nv6chvnk2zck4o0 0 152135 878753 839823 2026-07-08T02:21:10Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878753 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Macky Sall | image = Macky Sall 2020.jpg | office = Shugaban ƙasar Senegal na 4 | term_start = 2 Afrilu 2012 | term_end = 2 Afrilu 2024 | predecessor = Abdoulaye Wade | successor = Bassirou Diomaye Faye | office2 = Firayim Ministan Senegal | president2 = Abdoulaye Wade | term_start2 = 21 Afrilu 2004 | term_end2 = 19 Yuni 2007 | predecessor2 = Idrissa Seck | successor2 = Cheikh Hadjibou Soumaré | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1961|12|11}} | birth_place = Fatick, Senegal | nationality = Ɗan Senegal | party = Alliance for the Republic (APR) | spouse = Marième Faye Sall | alma_mater = Cheikh Anta Diop University | profession = Masanin geology, ɗan siyasa }} '''Macky Sall''' ɗan siyasar ƙasar Senegal ne wanda ya kasance shugaban ƙasar Senegal daga shekarar 2012 zuwa 2024. Kafin zama shugaban ƙasa, ya riƙe muƙamin firayim minista tsakanin 2004 zuwa 2007 a gwamnatin tsohon shugaban ƙasa Abdoulaye Wade. An san shi da aiwatar da manyan ayyukan raya ƙasa, musamman a fannin ababen more rayuwa da tattalin arziki, duk da cewa gwamnatinsa ta fuskanci suka daga ɓangarorin adawa kan batutuwan dimokuraɗiyya da siyasa.<ref>{{cite web |title=Macky Sall |url=https://www.presidence.sn/fr/presidence/macky-sall/ |website=Présidence du Sénégal |access-date=24 Mayu 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Senegal’s Macky Sall sworn in as president |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2012/4/2/senegals-macky-sall-sworn-in-as-president |work=Al Jazeera |date=2 Afrilu 2012 |access-date=24 Mayu 2026}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da karatu == An haifi Macky Sall a ranar 11 ga Disamba 1961 a garin Fatick na ƙasar Senegal. Ya yi karatun geology a Jami'ar Cheikh Anta Diop da ke Dakar, inda ya kammala digiri a shekarar 1988. Bayan kammala karatu ya yi aiki a ɓangaren makamashi da albarkatun ƙasa kafin shiga harkokin siyasa.<ref>{{cite web |title=Macky SALL |url=https://www.presidence.sn/fr/presidence/macky-sall/ |website=Présidence du Sénégal |access-date=24 Mayu 2026}}</ref> == Harkokin siyasa == Sall ya fara samun manyan muƙamai a gwamnatin Abdoulaye Wade a farkon shekarun 2000. Ya riƙe muƙamin ministan ma'adinai, makamashi da ruwa, sannan daga baya aka naɗa shi firayim minista a shekarar 2004.<ref>{{cite news |title=Senegal’s Macky Sall sworn in as president |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2012/4/2/senegals-macky-sall-sworn-in-as-president |work=Al Jazeera |date=2 Afrilu 2012 |access-date=24 Mayu 2026}}</ref> Bayan samun saɓani tsakaninsa da Shugaba Wade, Sall ya bar jam’iyyar Senegalese Democratic Party (PDS) tare da kafa jam’iyyarsa mai suna '''Alliance for the Republic (APR)''' a shekarar 2008.<ref>{{cite web |title=Macky Sall |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macky_Sall |website=Wikipedia |access-date=24 Mayu 2026}}</ref> == Shugabancin Senegal == A zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na shekarar 2012, Macky Sall ya kayar da Abdoulaye Wade a zagaye na biyu na zaɓe kuma aka rantsar da shi a ranar 2 ga Afrilu 2012.<ref>{{cite news |title=Senegal’s Macky Sall sworn in as president |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2012/4/2/senegals-macky-sall-sworn-in-as-president |work=Al Jazeera |date=2 Afrilu 2012 |access-date=24 Mayu 2026}}</ref> A lokacin mulkinsa, ya ƙaddamar da shirin bunƙasa tattalin arziki mai suna ''Plan Sénégal Émergent'' wanda ya mayar da hankali wajen gina hanyoyi, tashar jirgin sama, layin dogo na zamani, da sabon birni kusa da Dakar.<ref>{{cite news |title=After 12 years in power, Senegal’s Macky Sall leaves a fragile democracy |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2024/3/19/after-12-years-in-power-senegals-macky-sall-leaves-a-fragile-democracy |work=Al Jazeera |date=19 Maris 2024 |access-date=24 Mayu 2026}}</ref> An sake zaɓensa karo na biyu a shekarar 2019.<ref>{{cite news |title=Senegal’s Macky Sall starts second term with call for dialogue |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/4/2/senegals-macky-sall-starts-second-term-with-call-for-dialogue |work=Al Jazeera |date=2 Afrilu 2019 |access-date=24 Mayu 2026}}</ref> == Ce-ce-ku-ce == Mulkin Macky Sall ya fuskanci suka daga jam’iyyun adawa da ƙungiyoyin kare haƙƙin ɗan adam, musamman kan yadda aka yi mu’amala da jagororin adawa irin su Ousmane Sonko da Khalifa Sall. Haka kuma, jinkirta zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na 2024 ya jawo zanga-zanga da rikicin siyasa a Senegal.<ref>{{cite news |title=Senegal's Sall says his mandate as president will end April 2 |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/senegal-president-sall-april-2-will-be-end-mandate-president-2024-02-22/ |work=Reuters |date=22 Fabrairu 2024 |access-date=24 Mayu 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Senegal's Postponed Presidential Election: Everything to Know |url=https://time.com/6691788/senegal-postponed-presidential-election-candidates-explainer/ |work=Time |date=2024 |access-date=24 Mayu 2026 |archive-date=2024-02-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240206090332/https://time.com/6691788/senegal-postponed-presidential-election-candidates-explainer/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Masu suka sun kuma zargi gwamnatinsa da takaita 'yancin siyasa da anfani da shari'a wajen danne abokan hamayya.<ref>{{cite news |title=After 12 years in power, Senegal’s Macky Sall leaves a fragile democracy |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2024/3/19/after-12-years-in-power-senegals-macky-sall-leaves-a-fragile-democracy |work=Al Jazeera |date=19 Maris 2024 |access-date=24 Mayu 2026}}</ref> == Bayan barin mulki == Macky Sall ya miƙa mulki a shekarar 2024 bayan nasarar Bassirou Diomaye Faye a zaɓe. Bayan barin mulki, ya shiga harkokin diflomasiyya na ƙasa da ƙasa kuma an ambace shi cikin masu neman kujerar Sakatare Janar na Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya.<ref>{{cite news |title=Former Senegalese president Macky Sall's barely concealed ambition to become UN secretary-general |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/en/le-monde-africa/article/2025/10/21/former-senegalese-president-macky-sall-s-barely-concealed-ambition-to-become-un-secretary-general_6746620_124.html |work=Le Monde |date=21 Oktoba 2025 |access-date=24 Mayu 2026}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [https://www.presidence.sn/fr/presidence/macky-sall/ Shafin Macky Sall a gidan shugaban ƙasar Senegal] {{DEFAULTSORT:Sall, Macky}} [[Category:Shugabannin Senegal]] [[Category:’Yan siyasar Senegal]] [[Category:1961 births]] [[Category:Living people]] t1m1i3i8llj8nbje54mckql8c6c0345 0 152335 878607 840565 2026-07-07T15:57:35Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878607 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox organization | suna = Lagos Railways | cikakken_suna = Lagos Railways Football Club | kafa = | rushe = | gari = [[Lagos]], Najeriya | kasa = Najeriya | gasar = | filin_wasa = }} '''Lagos Railways''' tsohuwar kungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ce daga [[Lagos]], Najeriya, wadda ta kasance daga cikin manyan kungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa a farkon tarihin wasan ƙwallo a Najeriya. Kungiyar ta yi fice musamman a gasar kofin Najeriya tun kafin samun ’yancin kai, kuma ana kallonta a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin kungiyoyin da suka taimaka wajen bunƙasa ƙwallon ƙafa a ƙasar Najeriya.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigeria_Federation_Cup |title=Nigeria Federation Cup |website=Wikipedia |access-date=27 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://a.osmarks.net/content/wikipedia_en_all_maxi_2020-08/A/AITEO_Cup |title=AITEO Cup |website=Wikipedia mirror |access-date=27 May 2026}}</ref> Kungiyar Lagos Railways ta samu nasarori masu yawa a gasar '''Nigeria Challenge Cup''' (wanda yanzu ake kira Federation Cup). Rahotanni sun nuna cewa kungiyar ta lashe kofin har sau bakwai, abin da ya sanya ta cikin kungiyoyin da suka fi cin kofin a tarihin Najeriya. Daga cikin shekarun da ta lashe kofin akwai 1946, 1948, 1949, 1951, 1956, 1957 da kuma 1964.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigeria_Federation_Cup |title=Nigeria Federation Cup – Performance by club |website=Wikipedia |access-date=27 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://africafootunited.com/coupe-du-nigeria-historique-palmares-tout-savoir-sur-la-competition/ |title=Coupe du Nigéria : Historique, palmarès |website=Africa Foot United |access-date=27 May 2026 }}{{Dead link|date=July 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A shekarun farko na ƙwallon ƙafa a Najeriya, Lagos Railways ta kasance daga cikin kungiyoyin da suka mamaye wasan ƙwallo musamman a yankin Lagos. Kungiyar ta samo asali ne daga ma’aikatan hukumar layin dogo ta Najeriya, lamarin da ya sa ake danganta ta da ma’aikatan jirgin ƙasa da harkokin sufuri na lokacin mulkin mallaka.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copa_de_Nigeria |title=Copa de Nigeria |website=Wikipedia en Español |access-date=27 May 2026}}</ref> Lagos Railways ta kuma taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen haɓaka fitattun ’yan wasan Najeriya a shekarun 1950 da 1960. Daya daga cikin fitattun ’yan wasan da suka buga wa kungiyar wasa shi ne '''Asuquo Ekpe''', wanda daga baya ya zama ɗaya daga cikin fitattun ’yan wasan tawagar Najeriya. Har ila yau, rahotanni sun nuna cewa fitaccen ɗan wasan Najeriya '''Titus Okere''' ya taɓa bugawa kungiyar kafin ya koma ƙasar Ingila domin bugawa kungiyar Swindon Town.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asuquo_Ekpe |title=Asuquo Ekpe |website=Wikipedia |access-date=27 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.pulsesports.ng/football/story/from-lagos-to-london-how-nigerian-footballers-are-taking-over-european-leagues-2025022617150229410 |title=From Lagos to London: How Nigerian Footballers Are Taking Over European Leagues |website=Pulse Sports Nigeria |access-date=27 May 2026}}</ref> Duk da irin tarihin da kungiyar ta yi a Najeriya, daga baya Lagos Railways ta daina kasancewa cikin manyan kungiyoyin ƙasar, kuma yanzu ana kallonta a matsayin tsohuwar kungiyar tarihi a wasan ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya. Duk da haka, ana ci gaba da ambaton kungiyar a tarihin Federation Cup saboda irin nasarorin da ta samu a farkon tarihin wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Najeriya.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://thepodiummedia.com/stationery-stores-of-lagos-the-oldest-surviving-football-club-in-nigeria/ |title=Stationery Stores of Lagos: The Oldest Surviving Football Club in Nigeria |website=The Podium Media |access-date=27 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.pulsesports.ng/football/story/ikorodu-city-make-history-becomes-10th-lagos-based-club-promoted-to-npfl-2024061307204908508 |title=Ikorodu City make history becomes 10th Lagos-based club promoted to NPFL |website=Pulse Sports Nigeria |access-date=27 May 2026}}</ref> == Nasarori == * '''Nigeria Challenge Cup / Federation Cup''' ** Zakara: 1946, 1948, 1949, 1951, 1956, 1957, 1964<ref>{{cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigeria_Federation_Cup |title=Nigeria Federation Cup |website=Wikipedia |access-date=27 May 2026}}</ref> == Fitattun ’yan wasa == * [[Asuquo Ekpe]] * Titus Okere<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.pulsesports.ng/football/story/from-lagos-to-london-how-nigerian-footballers-are-taking-over-european-leagues-2025022617150229410 |title=From Lagos to London |website=Pulse Sports Nigeria |access-date=27 May 2026}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Kungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa na Najeriya]] [[Category:Lagos]] [[Category:Tsofaffin kungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa]] ```0 jcwf3xymfdtio49ckph5l4972q96hhp 0 152773 878734 841864 2026-07-07T22:56:59Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878734 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Lubigi''' wani yanki ne [[Fadama|mai dausayi]] a gefen arewa da yammacin [[Kampala]], babban birni kuma birni mafi girma a [[Uganda]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=ARO |date=23 February 2016 |title=A Rocha Uganda: Lubigi Wetland |url=http://www.arocha.org/en/a-rocha-uganda/ |access-date=23 February 2016 |publisher=Arocha.org (ARO) }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Wuri == Lubigi ta samar da wani yanki mai zagaye mara tsari a kewayen birnin Kampala, wanda ya fara daga kewayen Kisaasi a arewa, ya miƙe zuwa yamma, ya ratsa ta Bwaise da Kawaala, sannan ya miƙe zuwa kudu ta Busega . Fadamar tana da wuraren ciyarwa waɗanda suka miƙe a kan titin Kampala-Mityana zuwa Buloba, tare da titin Kampala-Masaka zuwa Kyengera, tare da titin [[Kampala]] - Hoima zuwa [[Nansana]] da kuma kan ''titin Sentema'' wanda ya miƙe daga Mengo zuwa Sentema. An gina babbar hanyar wucewa ta arewacin Kampala a cikin dausayin fiye da rabin tsawonsa. An gina unguwar Bwaise gaba ɗaya a cikin dausayin Lubigi. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Abimanyi |first=John |date=30 May 2011 |title=Wetland under siege |url=http://www.monitor.co.ug/artsculture/Reviews/-/691232/1171480/-/pd0poz/-/index.html |access-date=23 February 2016}}</ref> Daidaito na yanki na dausayin Lubigi sune Latitude: 0°19'12.0"N; Longitude: 32°31'12.0"E. == Bayani == Yankin dausayi na Lubigi yanki ne mai matuƙar muhimmanci na magudanar ruwa, wanda ke hidima ga birnin Kampala da yankunan da ke kewaye da gundumar Wakiso . Ruwan sama daga yankunan arewa da yamma na birnin yana malalowa, ta hanyar magudanar ruwa ta ƙarƙashin ƙasa da kuma kwararar ruwa, zuwa cikin fadama, inda yake tallafawa namun daji na musamman, ciki har da nau'ikan tsuntsaye sama da 200, ɗaya daga cikinsu shine crane crested, tsuntsun ƙasa . Mafi yawan ciyayi shine ciyawar papyrus . <ref name="Danger">{{Cite web |last=Abigaba |first=Zahra |date=27 April 2010 |title=Lubigi wetland faces extinction |url=http://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/-/688334/907322/-/wy0r8c/-/index.html |access-date=23 February 2016 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A arewa, a kusa da Kisaasi da Ntinda, ƙasar dausayin ta haɗu da magudanar ruwa ta Nakivubo Channel, wani yanki mai dausayi wanda ke malala zuwa [[Tafkin Victoria]], kudu maso yammacin Port Bell . A kudu, a kusa da Busega, wasu daga cikin ruwan dausayin suna malala kudu maso gabas zuwa Tafkin Victoria, yayin da sauran ke malala arewa maso yamma, tare da Titin Kampala-Mityana zuwa Buloba . Yammacin Buloba, magudanar ruwa tana juyawa arewa a matsayin magudanar ruwa ta Kogin Mayanja, wanda ke zama wani ɓangare na [[Ruwan ruwa|magudanar ruwa ta]] Tafkin Kyoga . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Joseph Miti, Zahra Abigaba |first=and Juliet Kigongo |date=3 October 2010 |title=City wetlands vanish as government looks on |url=http://www.monitor.co.ug/SpecialReports/-/688342/1024640/-/u8chbw/-/index.html |access-date=23 February 2016}}</ref> == Abubuwan da suka faru kwanan nan == A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, yankin dausayin ya fuskanci matsin lamba daga masu kutse a cikin mutane. Gwamnatin Uganda ta gina manyan ayyuka uku a yankin dausayin, wanda hakan ya taimaka wajen lalata shi: * An gina babbar hanyar Kampala Northern Bypass, wacce aka buɗe a shekarar 2009, ta cikin dausayin. <ref name="Danger"/> * Kebulan lantarki masu ƙarfi da ke ɗauke da wutar lantarki daga tashar Kawanda zuwa tashar Mutundwe suna ratsawa ta Lubigi. An ƙaddamar da wannan layin wutar lantarki mai ƙarfin kilovolt 132 a shekarar 2012. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Musisi |first=Frederic |date=28 February 2014 |title=Transmission company to demolish structures built under power lines |url=http://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/Transmission-company-to-demolish-structures/-/688334/2224582/-/8isgmpz/-/index.html |access-date=23 February 2016 |archive-date=3 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303154802/http://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/Transmission-company-to-demolish-structures/-/688334/2224582/-/8isgmpz/-/index.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Kamfanin Ruwa da Najasa na Ƙasa ya gina tashar tace najasa a tsakiyar yankin dausayi. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mugalu |first=Moses |date=30 March 2014 |title=Lubigi plant to tame Bwaise sewage |url=http://observer.ug/component/content/article?id=30965:-lubigi-plant-to-tame-bwaise-sewage |access-date=23 February 2016 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304143731/http://observer.ug/component/content/article?id=30965:-lubigi-plant-to-tame-bwaise-sewage |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bwambale |first=Taddeo |date=29 March 2014 |title=Museveni commissions Sh53 billion Lubigi plant |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/new_vision/news/1339156/museveni-commissions-sh53b-lubigi-plant |access-date=23 February 2016}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Namagembe |first=Lilian |date=24 February 2016 |title=How Lubigi women have found gold in human waste |url=http://www.monitor.co.ug/artsculture/Reviews/Lubigi-women-found-gold-human-waste/-/691232/3089840/-/item/0/-/auw9g4z/-/index.html |access-date=24 February 2016 |archive-date=3 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303132932/http://www.monitor.co.ug/artsculture/Reviews/Lubigi-women-found-gold-human-waste/-/691232/3089840/-/item/0/-/auw9g4z/-/index.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Maidowa == A watan Maris na 2016, ma'aikata daga Hukumar Kula da Muhalli ta Ƙasa ta Uganda sun fara cire gonakin da masu satar shanu suka shuka da masara, doya, ayaba, da rake. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tajuba |first=Paul |date=10 March 2016 |title=NEMA begins Lubigi wetland restoration |url=http://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/NEMA-begins-Lubigi-wetland-restoration/-/688334/3110232/-/146dph5/-/index.html |access-date=10 March 2016}}</ref> A cikin watan Yunin 2024, mutane da yawa sun rasa matsuguni da rashin aikin yi sakamakon rushe gidaje da shaguna da Hukumar Kula da Muhalli ta Ƙasa ta Uganda (NEMA) ta yi a yankunan dausayi na Lubigi. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Editorial |date=2024-06-18 |title=NEMA soiled by selective and unjust evictions in Lubigi |url=https://observer.ug/index.php/viewpoint/81646-nema-soiled-by-selective-and-unjust-evictions-in-lubigi |access-date=2024-06-21 |website=The Observer - Uganda |language=en-gb}}</ref> Saboda haka an keta haƙƙin rayuwa da matsuguni na mazauna da abin ya shafa. Saboda waɗannan korar da aka yi musu da ƙarfi, wasu daga cikin 'yan majalisar sun fito don yi wa NEMA tambayoyi game da wannan nau'in aikin. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-19 |title=Among condemns force used in Lubigi evictions, demands govt response |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/among-condemns-force-used-in-lubigi-evictions-demands-govt-response-4662788 |access-date=2024-06-21 |website=Monitor |language=en}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * Hukumar Birnin Kampala == Manazarta == o3fssv8plmjnmd5nhga4g7efypvm2dp 0 152850 878756 841969 2026-07-08T02:28:26Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878756 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Ddatabox}} '''Madatsar ruwan Al Wahda''', wacce a da aka fi sani da '''Madatsar ruwan M'Jaara''', madatsar ruwa ce da ke kan kogin Ouergha kusa da [[M´Jaara]] a lardin Ouezzane, [[Moroko|Morocco]] . An gina ta ne don magance ambaliyar ruwa, ban ruwa, [[Samar da Ruwa|samar da ruwa]] da samar da wutar lantarki ta ruwa . Ita ce madatsar ruwa ta biyu mafi girma a arewacin Afirka kuma mafi girma a Morocco. <ref name="large">{{Cite web |date=10 June 2008 |title=Lake Al Wahda Morocco |url=https://unepatlas.blogspot.com/2008/06/lake-al-wahda.html |access-date=17 October 2010 |publisher=Atlas of Our Changing Environment}}</ref> An bayyana ta ta hanyar [[Land Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone|Interactions of the Coastal Zone]] (LOICZ) a matsayin "madatsar ruwa ta biyu mafi muhimmanci a Afirka bayan madatsar ruwa ta High Aswan ." <ref>{{Cite web |last=R. Arthurton |last2=M. Le Tissier |last3=M. Snoussi |last4=J. Kitheka |last5=Y. Shaghude |last6=A. Kane |last7=G. Flöser |last8=H. Kremer |date=2008 |title=Global Change Assessment and Synthesis of River Catchment - Coastal Sea Interactions and Human Dimensions in Africa |url=http://www.loicz.org/imperia/md/content/loicz/print/rsreports/loicz-r_s32-web.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719115052/http://www.loicz.org/imperia/md/content/loicz/print/rsreports/loicz-r_s32-web.pdf |archive-date=19 July 2011 |access-date=17 October 2010 |publisher=[[LOICZ]] |page=10}}</ref> == Tarihi == A shekarar 1988, Hukumar Ruwa da Yanayi ta yi la'akari da madatsar ruwan kuma daga ƙarshe aka ba da shawarar a yi amfani da ita don ci gaba. An fara gina madatsar ruwan a shekarar 1991, an fara ƙirƙirar madatsar ruwansa a shekarar 1996 kuma [[Hassan ll na Maroko|Sarki Hassan na Biyu]] ya ƙaddamar da shi a ranar 20 ga Maris, 1997. <ref name="major">{{Cite web |last=Boumehdi |first=Ahmed |date=March 12, 2003 |title=Grands équipements : le barrage Al Wahda |url=http://www.maghress.com/fr/lematin/35054%3Bjsessionid%3D6E6DE85172A483C0A2B7BE90D3F61070%26prev%3D/search%3Fq%3Dbarrage%2Bwahda%26start%3D10%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN%26rlz%3D1B3GGIC |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200329045751/http://www.maghress.com/fr/lematin/35054%3Bjsessionid%3D6E6DE85172A483C0A2B7BE90D3F61070%26prev%3D/search%3Fq%3Dbarrage%2Bwahda%26start%3D10%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN%26rlz%3D1B3GGIC |archive-date=29 March 2020 |access-date=17 October 2010 |publisher=Maghress}}</ref> Jimillar mutane {{Convert|14000000|m3|ft3}} An haƙa kayan gini a lokacin gini. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Al Wahda M'Jaara Dam |url=http://en.structurae.de/structures/data/index.cfm?id=s0003774 |access-date=17 October 2010 |publisher=[[Structurae]] |archive-date=8 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191208010003/https://structurae.net/en/structures/al-wahda-dam |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Bayani na musamman == Dam din nau'in laka ne wanda aka yi da mita 28,000,000 (990,000,000 na kayan aiki da meters 720,000 (25,000,000 cu . Yana da mita 88 (289 tsawo a mafi girman matsayi kuma babban ɓangaren madatsar ruwan yana da mita 1,600 (5,200 tsawon. Kai tsaye zuwa arewa kuma kusa da hanyar zubar da ruwa akwai madatsar ruwa mai tsawon mita 1,000 (3,300 da mita 30 (98 ft) tsawo. Hanyar madatsar ruwan, a tsakiya tana sarrafawa ta ƙofofi shida kuma tana da damar fitarwa sama da mita cubic 13,000 a kowace dakika (460,000 cu ft / s). <ref name="major"/> == Tashar wutar lantarki == An samar da wutar lantarki, a yatsan madatsar ruwan kuma kusa da hanyar zubar da ruwa ta hanyar mita 10.8 (35 diamita da mita 247 (810 mai tsawo wanda hakan ke canja wurin ruwa zuwa penstocks uku. Kowane ɗayan yana da mita 5.7 (19 a diamita mita 60 (200 a tsawon. Wannan makircin yana ba da mita 62 (203 na shugaban ruwa da har zuwa mita 450 a kowace dakika (16,000 cu ft / s) ga Turbines na Francis.<ref name="major"/> Kowane turbine yana da ƙarfin janareta {{Convert|80|MW}} don jimlar ƙarfin shigarwa na {{Convert|240|MW}} hp). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hydroelectric Power Plants in Morocco |url=http://www.industcards.com/hydro-morocco.htm |url-status=usurped |archive-url=http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20090718211450/http://www.industcards.com/hydro%2Dmorocco.htm |archive-date=18 July 2009 |access-date=17 October 2010 |publisher=IndustCards}}</ref> == Tasirin == Dam din ya sami tasiri mai kyau a cikin ruwa ta hanyar samar da ruwa don sha da ban ruwa. Bugu da kari, ya taimaka wajen rage ambaliyar ruwa a yankin Gharb tare da Kogin Ouergha da Sebou da kashi %. Yana samar da ruwa don yiwuwar ban ruwa na sama da hekta 110,000 (270,000 acres). Wutar lantarki da tashar wutar lantarki ta madatsar ruwan ta samar tana rage ƙonewar tan 140,000 (ton 140,000 mai tsawo; tan 150,000 gajeren) na man fetur a shekara tare da biyan buƙatun makamashi. Rashin tafkin duk da haka yana da babban adadin siltation kuma an kiyasta ya rasa mita miliyan {{Convert|60|e6m3}} (2.1^9 cu na ajiya a kowace shekara. Yankin da aka kama a cikin tafkin kuma bai kai ga bakin teku ba wanda ke kara lalacewa a bakin tekun.<ref name="large" /> ==manazarta== a89vg3vsqocq0809pys5b83izig53rt 0 152911 878765 841925 2026-07-08T03:50:22Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878765 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} The '''Mahas''' ( Arabic ) wani ƙaramin rukuni ne na [[Nubians (ƙabila)|mutanen Nubian]] da ke Kudancin Masar da Arewacin Sudan a gefen Kogin Nilu. Shekaru aru-aru, ƙabilar Mahas ta zauna a yankin da ya ƙunshi arewacin Sudan na yanzu. <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Lobban |first=Richard A. |date=1982 |title=Class and Kinship in Sudanese Urban Communities |url=http://digitalcommons.ric.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1125&context=facultypublications |journal=Africa: Journal of the International African Institute |volume=52 |issue=2 |pages=51–76 |doi=10.2307/1159141 |jstor=1159141 |s2cid=145647784 |url-access=subscription |access-date=2026-05-28 |archive-date=2024-04-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240423230420/https://digitalcommons.ric.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1125&context=facultypublications |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ƙaramin ƙasa mai noma da ruwan sama mai iyaka ya sa Mahas, da sauran mazauna yankin, su yi ƙaura daga yankin. <ref name=":0" /> Tun daga ƙarshen shekarun 1400 zuwa farkon shekarun 1500, bayan ƙarshen Sarauta ta Mamluke a Masar da masarautar Kirista a Nubia, ƙabilar Mahas ta fara ƙaura. <ref name=":0" /> Masu ƙaura daga Mahas sun zauna a yankin "Garuruwa Uku", biranen [[Khartoum]] na yanzu, Khartoum North, da [[Omdurman]], da kuma gefen [[Blue Nile]] . <ref name=":0" /> Arkell ya nuna cewa Mahas sun sami ƙasa a yankin "Garuruwa Uku" da Tsibirin Tuti daga ƙabilar Jummu'iya. <ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=Lobban |first=Richard A. |date=1983 |title=A Genealogical and Historical Study of the Mahas of the "Three Towns," Sudan |url=https://digitalcommons.ric.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1125&context=facultypublications |url-status=dead |journal=The International Journal of African Historical Studies |volume=16 |issue=2 |pages=231–262 |doi=10.2307/217787 |jstor=217787 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180721134542/https://digitalcommons.ric.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1125&context=facultypublications |archive-date=2018-07-21 |access-date=2019-07-11}}</ref> Lokacin da Mahas suka iso, yankin ya riga ya kasance cike da mutanen Rufa'a, [[Kabilar Ja'alin|Ja'aliyin]], Shayqia, da Juma'iya. <ref name=":1" /> Mahas a cikin "Garuruwa Uku" galibi sun fito ne daga zuriyar Nubian. <ref name=":0"/> Lobban ya yi jayayya cewa su 'yan Nubian ne gaba ɗaya. <ref name=":0" /> Mahas na wannan jinsi ba sa da alaƙa mai ƙarfi da Nubian a arewa da gabas. <ref name=":0" /> Ba su san yaren Nubian sosai ba. <ref name=":0" /> Suna zaune a arewacin Sudan da kudancin Masar a lokacin da Musulunci ke faɗaɗa kudu zuwa Kogin Nilu, Mahas na wannan rukunin sun zama Larabawa tun da wuri. <ref name=":0" /> Yayin da aka kafa iyalan Mahas a cikin Garuruwa Uku, kusan asalin Mahas ne kawai. <ref name=":0" /> Yankin Garuruwa Uku ya ƙunshi ƙungiyoyin Nubian, Larabawa, Sudan, Nilotic, da Turai. <ref name=":0" /> Duk da haka, a cikin al'ummomin Mahas, akwai babban sha'awar kiyaye zuriyar Mahas. <ref name=":0" /> Aure ya fi yawa tsakanin al'ummomin Larabawa a kwarin Nilu. <ref name=":0" /> Ba kasafai ake samun auratayya tsakanin al'ummomin Mahas da Darfur na Sudan da kuma yankunan kudancin Sudan na yanzu ba. <ref name=":0" /> An ƙarfafa muhimmancin daidaiton al'adu a cikin al'ummomin Mahas da dabi'un Musulunci a wancan lokacin waɗanda suka ci gaba da wanzuwar daidaito. <ref name=":0" /> A wancan lokacin, al'ummar gargajiya ta rungumi bambance-bambancen zamantakewa da tattalin arziki tsakanin mutanen yankin. <ref name=":0"/> Bayi, tsoffin bayi, da ma'aikatan gona daga yamma da kudancin Sudan sune suka fi kowa a cikin tsarin mulki. <ref name=":0" /> Daga cikin Mahas, akwai damar samun iko daban-daban a sama. <ref name=":0" /> Wasu ƙungiyoyin iyalan Mahas sun kawo adadi mai yawa na riba ta hanyar mallakar filayen noma. <ref name=":0" /> Sauran ƙungiyoyin Mahas sun ga masu ba da shawara kan addini, ''omdas'' (magadan gari), da manyan jami'an soja, 'yan kasuwa, da ma'aikatan gwamnati a matsayin haɗin gwiwar iko. <ref name=":0" /> Al'ummar Mahas da aka kafa a Tsibirin Tuti, a haɗuwar Blue and White Nile, tana ɗaya daga cikin tsoffin al'ummomin Mahas. <ref name=":1"/> Mahas sun mamaye wurinsu a Tsibirin Tuti tsawon kimanin shekaru ɗari biyar. <ref name=":1" /> Wurin yana da kama da Mahas. <ref name=":1" /> A ƙarni na 15, an ɗauki Mahas fukahaa na Tuti a matsayin mabuɗin Musulunci a Sudan. <ref name=":1" /> A matsayin farkon wanda ya gina gine-gine na dindindin a yankin Khartoum, ana iya yaba wa Mahas da suka fara sabunta Sudan. <ref name=":1" /> Yankin "Garuruwa Uku" shine cibiyar Sudan ta zamani a yanzu. <ref name=":1" /> A farkon karni na 16, an kafa al'ummar Mahas a yankin. <ref name=":1"/> Wani fitaccen malami kuma jagora na Musulunci mai suna ''fukahaa'' ne ya kafa yawancin al'ummomin Mahas <ref name=":1" /> ''.'' Kowace ''fukahaa'' za ta kawo iyalanta zuwa wurin da al'ummar take. <ref name=":1" /> Baya ga gidan da iyalin za su gina, za a kuma sami makarantar addini, ko ''khalwa'' <ref name=":1" /> ''.'' Yayin da al'ummar ke ƙaruwa, za ta haɗa da gidaje da yawa, ''khalwa'', da ''masallacin gida,'' ko masallaci <ref name=":1" /> ''.'' Lokacin da malamin da ya kafa al'ummar Mahas ya mutu, al'ummar Mahas ta yau da kullun za ta haɗa da ''gumba'', ko kabari, wanda zai zama cibiyar makabartar birnin. <ref name=":1" /> Ga manyan ƙauyukan Mahas, sau da yawa za a sami kasuwa da wurare don ƙwarewa a sana'o'i yayin da mazauna al'ummar za su iya sayarwa, musanya, da siyan sana'o'i, dabbobi, da kayan amfanin gona daban-daban. <ref name=":1" /> Shahararrun mutane da dama na Mahas ne suka haifar da yankin "Garuruwa Uku". A shekarar 1691, Sheikh Arbab El Agyed ya kafa wata al'umma da cibiyar yankin Musulunci a [[Khartoum]] . <ref name=":1" /> An haifi Agayed a tsibirin Tuti a kusan karni na 17, yana da alaƙa da Mohammed Busati, wani malamin addini da ke da alhakin yaɗa addinin Musulunci a jihar Kordofan . <ref name=":1" /> ''Khalwa'' da ya kafa ya jawo hankalin ɗalibai kusan 500, 300 daga cikinsu 'yan Nubian ne. <ref name=":1" /> ''Masallacin'' da ke cikin al'ummar ya ci gaba har zuwa lokacin da [[Daular Usmaniyya|Daular Turkiyya da Ottoman]] suka mamaye Sudan. <ref name=":1" /> Wannan al'umma ta zama matsuguni na farko na dindindin a (yamma) Khartoum. <ref name=":1" /> Mahas sun gamu da lalata ''masallacin'' Agayed da al'ummarsa a duk tsawon mulkin Turkiyya. <ref name=":1" /> A yau, har yanzu ana tunawa da wurin a matsayin wasu tubalan kudu da Blue Nile. <ref name=":1" /> Ana cewa a kusa, ko wataƙila daga baya, fiye da 1646, an haifi Sheikh Hamad a Tsibirin Tuti. <ref name=":1" /> Ya kasance wani ɓangare na addinin kuma ɗalibi ne na El Agyed. <ref name=":1" /> Saboda dalilan da ba a sani ba, Sheikh ya ƙaura ya zauna a gefen yamma na White Nile. <ref name=":1" /> Mun ga ƙauyensa da mazauninsa a kan White Nile a matsayin matsugunin farko na [[Omdurman]] . <ref name=":1" /> Sheikj Idiris wad Muhammad el Arbab yana ɗaya daga cikin Mahas ''fukahaa'' na farko da ya yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara kan addini a yankin. <ref name=":1"/> Ana ganinsa a matsayin wanda ya kafa tariqa ta Qadriya, ko kuma hanya, a Sudan. <ref name=":1" /> <ref name=":1" /> a matsayin mai sihiri wanda ke da alaƙa da warkar da marasa lafiya, dawo da ƙuruciya, da kuma warkar da rashin haihuwa. <ref name=":1" /> Saboda karimcinsa da kuma alfaharinsa, an ba shi kadada na ƙasa wanda yanzu ya zama yankin Eilafun a Khartoum. <ref name=":1" /> == Manazarta == 1gco1c6dm118c2pki5ftn18p4jp0b0o 0 153408 878883 843276 2026-07-08T10:08:36Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878883 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Authority control}}'''Mannete Ramaili''' jami'in diflomasiyya ne na Masarautar Lesotho kuma ɗan siyasa. Ta yi aiki a matsayin jakadan Lesotho a Jamhuriyar Ireland kuma ta kasance Ministan Yawon Bude Ido, Al'adu da Muhalli na Lesotho . == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Ramaili a Lesotho kuma ta kasance mai magana game da haƙƙin mata tun 1987. Tun da farko a cikin aikinta ta shiga cikin Ƙungiyar Shirye-shiryen Iyaye ta Duniya. == Ayyukan siyasa == A shekara ta 2005, an nada Ramaili a matsayin Jakadan Masarautar Lesotho a [[Ayilan (ƙasa)|Jamhuriyar Ireland]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=MONO – DIPLOMATS {{!}} RTÉ Presspack |url=https://presspack.rte.ie/2005/06/14/mono-diplomats/ |access-date=2020-02-14 |website=presspack.rte.ie}}</ref> Ramaili ya kasance jakadan Lesotho har zuwa shekara ta 2009. A lokacin da take Ireland ta taimaka wajen kafa kungiyar 'Action Lesotho' ta Irish wacce ke aiki a Maputsoe.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-05-23 |title=From one kingdom to another |url=https://www.irishexaminer.com/lifestyle/features/humaninterest/from-one-kingdom-to-another-232011.html |access-date=2020-02-14 |website=www.irishexaminer.com |language=en}}</ref> A lokacin da ta ziyarci yankuna a duk faɗin Ireland tare da Mai Girma Paddy Fay don wayar da kan jama'a game da batutuwan da ke shafar mutanen Lesotho.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Oireachtais |first=Tithe an |date=2010-06-17 |title=JOINT COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS (Sub-Committee on Overseas Development) díospóireacht - Déardaoin, 17 Meith 2010 |url=https://www.oireachtas.ie/ga/debates/debate/joint_committee_on_foreign_affairs/2010-06-17/2 |access-date=2020-02-14 |website=www.oireachtas.ie |language=Irish}}</ref> Batutuwan kamar HIV da yankan mata.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Seminar: International Day Zero Tolerance to FGM – 4th February : Cairde – Challenging ethnic minority health inequalities |url=http://cairde.ie/a-seminar-to-mark-international-day-of-zero-tolerance-to-female-genital-mutilation/ |access-date=2020-02-14 |language=en-US |archive-date=2017-11-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171127122644/http://cairde.ie/a-seminar-to-mark-international-day-of-zero-tolerance-to-female-genital-mutilation/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> A shekara ta 2010, an nada Ramaili a matsayin Ministan Yawon Bude Ido, Al'adu da Muhalli, biyo bayan korar [[Lebohang Ntsinyi]] daga gwamnatin Firayim Minista Pakalitha Mosisili . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2010-10-15 |title=Ministers fired |url=http://lestimes.com/ministers-fired/ |access-date=2020-02-14 |website=Lesotho Times |language=en-US}}</ref> Ya zuwa watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2011, Ramaili na ɗaya daga cikin mata ministoci bakwai a cikin majalisar, tare da: [['Mamphono Khaketla|Mamphono Khaketla]], [[Maphoka Motoboli]], [[Mathabiso Lepono]], Mphu Keneileo Ramatlapeng, [[Mpeo Mahase-Moiloa]] da [[Pontso Sekatle|Pontso Suzan Matumelo Sekatle]] . Ta jagoranci matakan rage shan barasa a Lesotho . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-03-26 |title=Tough times ahead for beer drinkers |url=https://sundayexpress.co.ls/tough-times-ahead-for-beer-drinkers/ |access-date=2020-02-14 |website=Sunday Express |language=en-US}}</ref> [[Fayil:Mannete_Ramaili,_Minister_of_Tourism,_Environment_and_Culture_of_the_Kingdom_of_Lesotho_(6960295608).jpg|thumb|Mannete Ramaili, Ministan Yawon Bude Ido, Muhalli da Al'adu na Masarautar Lesotho (6960295608) ]] A cikin haɗin gwiwa tare da gwamnatin kasar Sin, Ramaili ta taimaka wajen kafa tsarin horar da yumbu a Lesotho a shekarar 2012. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Remarks by H.E. Ambassador HU Dingxian at the Official Opening Ceremony of the Pottery Training Workshop |url=http://ls.china-embassy.org/eng/dsxx/dsjh/t895608.htm |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date= |website=}}</ref> A wannan shekarar ta yi magana a Lesotho don tallafawa mafi kyawun kuma mafi bayyane a cikin kafofin watsa labarai.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Transforming Broadcasting |url=http://www.transformingbroadcasting.org.uk/blog/viewentry.php?id=9 |access-date=2020-02-14 |website=www.transformingbroadcasting.org.uk}}</ref> A shekara ta 2012 ta yi magana a wani taron - 'Women in Development' - wanda Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta shirya.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=UNCTAD XIII Must Be New Pillar of Change, Qatar Museums Authority Chairperson Says, Hailing Women as 'Cornerstone' in Quest for Equitable Development, Human Dignity {{!}} Meetings Coverage and Press Releases |url=https://www.un.org/press/en/2012/tad2054.doc.htm |access-date=2020-02-14 |website=www.un.org}}</ref> A nan, Ramaili ya yi magana game da bukatar manyan dokoki game da tashin hankali na cikin gida, amma kuma ya nuna cewa Lesotho ta kasance ta tara daga cikin kasashe 135 a kan Taron Tattalin Arziki na Duniya Gender Gap Index - gaba da Burtaniya, Amurka da Faransa.<ref name=":0" /> Ramaili tana ɗaya daga cikin manyan 'yan kasuwa mata na Lesotho kuma tana magana game da muhimmancin karfafa ikon tattalin arzikin mata ga Lesotho . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Recognizing Female Entrepreneurs in Lesotho {{!}} Standard Lesotho Bank |url=https://www.standardlesothobank.co.ls/lesotho/About-Us/news/Recognizing-Female-Entrepreneurs-in-Lesotho |access-date=2020-02-14 |website=www.standardlesothobank.co.ls}}</ref> Ita memba ce ta kwamitin Standard Lesotho Bank . <ref>{{Cite web |title=When the lionesses of Africa roar! {{!}} The Post |url=https://www.thepost.co.ls/business/when-the-lionesses-of-africa-roar/ |access-date=2020-02-14 |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=July 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Kyaututtuka == Kyautar Ranar Afirka (Ireland) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Metro Eireann |url=http://oldweb.metroeireann.com/print-article,3853 |access-date=2020-02-14 |website=oldweb.metroeireann.com |archive-date=2024-12-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241211190518/http://oldweb.metroeireann.com/print-article,3853 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Manazarta == <references /> [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1960]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] rh0swyfa6cjcb4p45tnywisonhwmjg0 0 153843 878755 844476 2026-07-08T02:27:30Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878755 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Madatsar ruwan Sidi El Barrak'''<ref>"Barrage de Sidi El Barrak". ''Ramsar Sites Information Service''. Retrieved 25 April 2018.</ref> madatsar ruwa ce mai girman {{Convert|18|km|mi|0}} arewa maso gabas na Tabarka da {{Convert|2|km|mi|0}} daga [[Bahar Rum|Tekun Bahar Rum]] a Kogin Oued Zouara a cikin Gundumar Beja, Tunisiya. An gina shi tsakanin 1994 da 2000, babban manufar madatsar ruwan shine samar da ruwa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sidi el Barrak |url=http://www.hidrotehnika.rs/en/tunisie/sidi-el-barrak/ |access-date=22 August 2011 |publisher=Hidrotehnika-Hidroenergetika}}</ref> A matsayin wani ɓangare na Aikin Ci Gaban Sidi el Barrak, ana tura ruwan da aka adana a cikin madatsar ruwan zuwa [[Seyjame Dam|madatsar ruwan Seyjame]], akan ƙimar {{Convert|265000000|m3|acre.ft|0}} kowace shekara. Ana ba da wannan ruwan ga [[Tunis]], Cap Bon da Sahel, gami da Sfax don amfanin birni da kuma ayyukan noma. An kammala aikin gaba ɗaya a shekarar 2002. <ref>{{Cite web |date=November 2002 |title=Sidi el Barrak Dam Completion Report |url=http://www.afdb.org/fileadmin/uploads/afdb/Documents/Project-and-Operations/ADB-BD-IF-2004-111-EN-TUNISIA-SIDI-EL-BARRAK-DAM-CONSTRUCTION-PCR-DEC.PDF |access-date=22 August 2011 |publisher=African Development Bank |archive-date=20 March 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120320054153/http://www.afdb.org/fileadmin/uploads/afdb/Documents/Project-and-Operations/ADB-BD-IF-2004-111-EN-TUNISIA-SIDI-EL-BARRAK-DAM-CONSTRUCTION-PCR-DEC.PDF |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Management == 7ovz758rgcmbbxe92c1xeaj7ygqmfwr 0 154235 878773 845411 2026-07-08T05:22:16Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878773 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Ƙungiyar Kasuwanci [[Ɗan Nijeriya|ta Najeriya]] da Amurka ƙungiya ce mai zaman kanta kuma mai zaman kanta. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko da ta fara kafa ƙungiyar kasuwanci ta haɗin gwiwa a [[Najeriya]]. An kafa ta a shekarar 1960 don haɓaka dangantakar ƙasashen biyu tsakanin [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]] da [[Najeriya]], tare da ofisoshi a Najeriya, [[Texas]] da [[Atlanta]]. A cewar rahoton Guardian, Najeriya ta zama babbar abokiyar ciniki a [[Yankin Saharar Afirka|yankin kudu da hamadar Sahara]]. == Ayyuka == A wani ɓangare na ayyukan majalisar, ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen ci gaban hulɗar kasuwanci da saka hannun jari ta [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]] da [[Najeriya]] ta hanyar haɗa manyan abokan hulɗar kasuwanci daga ƙasashen biyu da kuma yin aiki a matsayin mai ƙarfafa gwiwa don inganta alaƙar kasuwanci da ke akwai. Majalisar ta ƙirƙiri ƙima ga membobinta a fannin alaƙar kasuwanci da kasuwanci. Sauran ayyukan da ake bayarwa ga membobi sun haɗa da: shirya tarurrukan karawa juna sani, tarurrukan bita, horo, da ayyukan kasuwanci . Wannan yana ba membobi da waɗanda ba membobi ba dandamali don tattaunawa kan batutuwa daban-daban da ke shafar tattalin arziki gabaɗaya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigerian-American chamber optimistic of business growth in 2018 - Agoa.info - African Growth and Opportunity Act |url=https://agoa.co.za/news/article/15315-nigerian-american-chamber-optimistic-of-business-growth-in-2018.html |access-date=2021-06-16 |website=agoa.co.za |archive-date=2021-06-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624195615/https://agoa.co.za/news/article/15315-nigerian-american-chamber-optimistic-of-business-growth-in-2018.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Manazarta == gvmqlnyw7i2q7ap6843msnzpbak4di1 0 154469 878751 846049 2026-07-08T02:14:33Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878751 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} <gallery> Fayil:Highveld_Crag_Lizard_(Pseudocordylus_melanotus)_(31834893937).jpg|alt=Northern Crag Lizard| Lizard na Dutsen Arewa Fayil:Cape_Dwarf_Gecko_(Lygodactylus_capensis)_(31834733507).jpg|alt=Cape dwarf gecko| Gecko mai launin ruwan kasa na Cape Dwarf Fayil:MacMac_Pools.jpg|alt=Mac-Mac Pools| Wuraren Tafkuna na Mac-Mac Fayil:Mac_Mac_Falls_in_Mpumalanga.jpg| Mac Mac Falls </gallery>'''Ruwan Mac-Mac''' wani ruwa ne mai tsawon mita 65 a [[Mac-Mac River|kogin Mac-Mac]] a cikin [[Mac-Mac Forest Nature Reserve|Ma'ajiyar Daji ta Mac-Mac]], Mpumalanga, [[Afirka ta Kudu]] . == Tarihi == Da farko, ruwan yana da rafi ɗaya, amma masu hakar ma'adinai sun yi amfani da dynamite a kan ruwan da ke cike da zinare don fatan fallasa ruwan da ke da arzikin zinare, wanda yanzu ruwan ke faɗuwa a cikin rafuka biyu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mac Mac Falls: Sabie Gallery |url=https://www.sabie.co.za/gallery/mac-mac-falls.html |access-date=2023-03-17 |website=www.sabie.co.za}}</ref> An ayyana shi a matsayin Wurin Gado na Lardi a ranar 18 ga Fabrairu, 1983, tare da dajin 'yan asalin ƙasar da ke cikin kwarin da ke ƙarƙashin ruwan da ke malala. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mac Mac Waterfalls, Geelhoutboom, Pilgrim's Rest District {{!}} SAHRA |url=https://sahris.sahra.org.za/node/33753 |access-date=2023-03-17 |website=[[SAHRA]] |archive-date=2023-03-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230317095845/https://sahris.sahra.org.za/node/33753 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Hotunan Hotuna == == Manazarta == rngjd6nhtg07a21z9za81iq8619ccyo 0 155112 878763 847849 2026-07-08T03:43:19Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878763 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Cquote|When medications support or enable people to more effectively pursue activities such as employment, parenting, and returning to school, they are perceived by clients as a valued tool in the recovery process. However, if medications interfere with Personal Medicine, such that clients cannot engage in valued social roles and activities, the medications are viewed as blocking the recovery process and are often rejected. Insistence on compliance in such situations is experienced as counter-therapeutic and unhelpful. On the other hand, shared decision making allows the practitioner to work as an expert collaborator, actively helping the client to identify personal medicines and to optimize regimens and dosages of specific medications to support and complement the recovery of valued social roles.<ref name="sdm" />}}{{Databox}} '''Magungunan mutum''' aiki ne da mutum ke yi don samun [[lafiya]], maimakon wani abu da mutum ke ɗauka (misali, [[magani]]) don [[lafiya]].<ref name="pm">{{Cite journal |last=Deegan |first=Patricia E. |date=October 2005 |title=The importance of personal medicine: A qualitative study of resilience in people with psychiatric disabilities |journal=Scandinavian Journal of Public Health |publisher=Taylor & Francis |volume=33 |issue=66 suppl |pages=29–35 |doi=10.1080/14034950510033345 |issn=1403-4948 |pmid=16214720 |doi-access=}}</ref> A cikin yanayin ilimin halayyarsu mutum, ana amfani da Magungunan mutum, ko wasu ayyukan kula da kai, wadanda ba na magani ba, don rage alamun bayyanar cututtuka, kauce wa sakamakon da ba a so kamar asibiti, da inganta yanayi, tunani, halaye, da kuma jin daɗi rayuwa gaba ɗaya.[1] Maganar "Medicine na Mutum" kuma sanannun manema labarai sun yi amfani da ita don nuna maganin mutum.[2][3] == Kula da kwakwalwa == An fara gabatar da amfani da kula da kai na "Medicine na Mutum" a farkon shekara ta 2003 sakamakon binciken da Patricia E. Deegan ta gudanar ta hanyar Jami'ar Kansas School of Social Welfare . <ref name="pm"/> Bayan ganawa da mutanen da ke shan Magungunan ƙwaƙwalwa a matsayin wani ɓangare na tsarin warkewarsu, Deegan ya gano cewa: {{Cquote|When medications support or enable people to more effectively pursue activities such as employment, parenting, and returning to school, they are perceived by clients as a valued tool in the recovery process. However, if medications interfere with Personal Medicine, such that clients cannot engage in valued social roles and activities, the medications are viewed as blocking the recovery process and are often rejected. Insistence on compliance in such situations is experienced as counter-therapeutic and unhelpful. On the other hand, shared decision making allows the practitioner to work as an expert collaborator, actively helping the client to identify personal medicines and to optimize regimens and dosages of specific medications to support and complement the recovery of valued social roles.<ref name="sdm" />}} === tsangwama === tsangwama ko rikice-rikice tsakanin [[Magani|magunguna]] Mutum da magungunan da aka tsara na iya haifar da rashin bin sa da / ko rage ingancin rayuwa.<ref name="pm"/> Ana iya haɗa likitanci na mutum tare da yanke shawara a cikin shawarwarin psychopharmacology don inganta bin.<ref name="sdm">{{Cite journal |last=Deegan |first=Patricia E. |last2=Drake, Robert E. |date=November 2006 |title=Shared Decision Making and Medication Management in the Recovery Process |journal=Psychiatric Services |volume=57 |issue=11 |pages=1636–1639 |doi=10.1176/appi.ps.57.11.1636 |pmid=17085613}}</ref> Binciken da Deegan da Robert E. Drake suka yi sun lura cewa: {{Cquote|When describing their use of psychiatric pharmaceuticals or "pill medicine", research participants also described a variety of personal wellness strategies and activities that I have called "Personal Medicine". Personal Medicines were non-pharmaceutical activities and strategies that served to decrease symptoms and increase personal wellness.<ref name="pm" />}} === Software === A shekara ta 2006, Deegan ya fadada manufar Magungunan Mutum a cikin shirin software da ake kira CommonGround don amfani a asibitocin lafiyar kwakwalwa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=CommonGround and Personal Medicine |url=http://www.patdeegan.com/commonground/tour/personal-medicine |access-date=2026-06-05 |archive-date=2016-03-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306061658/https://www.patdeegan.com/commonground/tour/personal-medicine |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ana ƙarfafa masu amfani da CommonGround su haɓaka nasu magungunan sirri na musamman kuma ana tunatar da su game da waɗannan magungunan kansu tare da amfani da su.<ref name="cgj">{{Cite journal |last=Deegan |first=Patricia E. |last2=Rapp, Charles |last3=Holter, Mark |last4=Riefer, Melody |date=June 2008 |title=Best Practices: A Program to Support Shared Decision Making in an Outpatient Psychiatric Medication Clinic |journal=Psychiatric Services |volume=59 |issue=6 |pages=603–605 |doi=10.1176/appi.ps.59.6.603 |pmid=18511580}}</ref> Har ila yau, software ɗin ya haɗa da bidiyon bidiyo na minti uku na mutane suna magana game da warkewarsu daga rashin lafiya na hankali da kuma yadda suka samu shi, watau, samun lafiya ta hanyar maganin mutum.<ref name="cgj" /> * Yanayin mutum * Kula da kai == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 5ujh29ewwlkq5xijy0h7jny09muzxda 0 155622 878668 861718 2026-07-07T20:42:03Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878668 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Databox}} '''Lisa Bari''' ƴar Amirka ce mai ba da shawara game da manufofin kiwon lafiya. A wani lokaci, ta yi aiki a matsayin jagora na fasahar bayanai ta kiwon lafiya da haɗin kai a Cibiyoyin Tarayya don Medicare da Cibiyar Innovation Services Medicaid (CMS == Ilimi == Bari ta sami digiri na farko a fannin fasaha (B.A) a fannin kimiyyar fahimta daga UC Berkeley, sannan daga baya ta sami digiri a matsayin Master of Business Administration (MBA) daga Jami'ar Purdue . Ta sami Jagora na Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a (MPH) daga Makarantar Kiwon Lafiya ta Jama'a ta Harvard T.H. Chan . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Lisa Bari |url=https://www.pcpcc.org/profile/lisa-bari |access-date=2020-06-25 |website=Primary Care Collaborative |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=July 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Ayyuka == Bari ta fara aikinta a cikin tallan dijital da fasaha tare da kamfanoni kamar Art.com da Practice Fusion, inda ta sami kwarewarta ta farko tana aiki a kiwon lafiya. Ta hanyar rawar da ta taka a CMS, hukumar kiwon lafiya ta tarayya, Bari ta jagoranci sabbin manufofin fasahar kiwon lafiya don Cikakken Kula da Firamare Plus Model . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Farr |first=Christina |date=2020-03-18 |title=Telemedicine has a big role in the coronavirus fight, but doctors say the laws remain murky |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2020/03/18/telemedicine-has-role-to-play-in-covid-19-fight-but-laws-are-murky.html |access-date=2020-06-25 |website=CNBC |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0"/> Ta kuma taimaka wajen rubuta Dokar Hadin Gizo ta CMS da Dokar Samun Mai haƙuri. Ta aiwatar da ƙalubalen ƙalubalen cututtukan lafiya na CMS Artificial Intelligence, gasa tare da lada na $ 1.65M, wanda ya motsa ci gaban kayan aiki tare da bayanan CMS waɗanda suka fi hango hasashen sakamakon lafiyar mai haƙuri.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Brady |first=Michael |date=2019-09-04 |title=Interoperability leader leaves CMS Innovation Center |url=https://www.modernhealthcare.com/information-technology/interoperability-leader-leaves-cms-innovation-center |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2020-06-25 |website=Modern Healthcare |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Bari ya bar CMS a cikin 2019 don neman shawarwari masu zaman kansu, ƙwararre a cikin fasahar bayanan kiwon lafiya da inganta tsarin biyan kuɗi ga masu ba da kiwon lafiya.<ref name=":1"/><ref>{{Cite web |last=Tahir |first=Darius |date=2019-09-04 |title=Interopability projects maturing |url=https://politi.co/2ZHeLyy |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2020-06-25 |website=POLITICO |language=en}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 8p8s2io2ef5yguqetwxratmiipwglwp 0 155645 878790 850506 2026-07-08T07:11:13Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 11 sources and tagging 3 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878790 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Makarantar Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a da Magungunan Yankuna ta Jami'ar Tulane''' (a hukumance '''Celia Scott Weatherhead School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine''' ) ita ce makarantar kiwon lafiyar jama'a ta Jami'ar Tulane, wata jami'a mai zaman kanta a [[New Orleans]], [[Louisiana]] . == Tarihi == Nazarin lafiyar jama'a a Louisiana ya fara ne a farkon karni na 19, lokacin da [[New Orleans]] ke fama da [[Cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro|cutar zazzabin cizon sauro]] da kuma kusan kowace shekara da ake fama da [[Amai da Gudawa|cutar kwalara]] da zazzabin rawaya . Ƙoƙarin shawo kan cututtuka na wurare masu zafi ya haifar da kafa Kwalejin Likitanci ta Louisiana a shekara ta 1834, wanda ƙungiyar likitoci matasa suka kafa. Wadanda suka kafa ta fitar da takardar neman ilimi wacce ta jaddada rashin sanin waɗannan cututtuka da kuma buƙatar yin nazarin su a cikin muhallin da suka faru. A shekara ta 1881, an fara ba da koyarwa ta tsafta a karon farko. Samuel Zemurray ya bayar da tallafin kuɗi don kafa Makarantar Tsafta da Magungunan Yankin Wuri na farko a ƙasar a Tulane a shekarar 1912. <ref>{{Cite web |title=The New Orleans medical and surgical journal v.64 (1911-12). |url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.$b339632&view=1up&seq=945 |access-date=2025-03-29 |website=HathiTrust |language=en}}</ref> Wanda aka fi sani da "Sam the Banana Man," Zemurray ya goyi bayan wannan cibiya a wani ɓangare saboda sha'awarsa ta kasuwanci a masana'antar ayaba a Honduras, waɗanda a lokacin suka fi fama da cututtuka kamar zazzabin rawaya. Tsarin ayabarsa ya kuma sa shi shirya da kuma goyon bayan juyin mulkin soja a kusan lokaci guda a kan Shugaban ƙasar Honduras Miguel R. Dávila domin dawo da Manuel Bonilla kan mulki, tunda Bonilla ya bayar da rangwamen haraji mai kyau da kuma rangwamen jirgin ƙasa ga harkokin kasuwancin Zemurray. A matsayin wani ɓangare na aikinsa a Honduras, Zemurray ya yi kwangila da Kamfanin United Fruit, wanda shi ma yana ɗaya daga cikin masu tallafawa harkokin kuɗi na farko na Makarantar Tsafta da Magungunan Yankin Wuri. An ƙaddamar da makarantar a shekarar 1912, kuma tana cikin wani ɓangare na ƙoƙarin kafa irin waɗannan cibiyoyi a faɗin duniya. Masana ilimi a ƙasa da ƙasa sun yaba da ita a matsayin makaranta ta farko irin wannan a Amurka, inda cututtukan wurare masu zafi suka yi mummunan tasiri, musamman a Kudu . An ba da digirin farko na Doctor of Public Health a shekarar 1914, tun kafin a kafa kowace makaranta ta kiwon lafiyar jama'a. Daga baya, a shekarar 1919, Makarantar Tsafta da Magungunan Yankin Yamma ta sake haɗewa zuwa Kwalejin Likitanci . Sassan magungunan wurare masu zafi da magungunan rigakafi sun haɗu suka kafa sashen likitancin wurare masu zafi da lafiyar jama'a. Tulane ya shiga Majalisar Ilimi kan Lafiyar Jama'a a shekarar 1947. Tare da faɗaɗa lafiyar jama'a da magungunan wurare masu zafi cikin sauri, an ƙirƙiri sashen gudanarwa na lafiyar jama'a na digiri na biyu a shekarar 1958, kuma aka sake naɗa shi Sashen Tsafta da Magungunan wurare masu zafi a shekarar 1961. A shekarar 1967, sha'awar Tsafta da Magungunan wurare masu zafi ta koma matsayinta na Jami'ar Tulane kuma ta zama ta yau da kullun ta Makarantar Lafiyar Jama'a da Magungunan wurare masu zafi. A ranar 18 ga Satumba, 2024, an sake wa makarantar suna "Makarantar Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a da Magungunan Wurare Masu Yawa ta Celia Scott Weatherhead" bayan mai taimakon jama'a kuma ɗalibi a Tulane, Celia Scott Weatherhead, don girmama gudummawar da ta bayar a tsawon rayuwarta na sama da dala miliyan 160 don tallafawa jami'ar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-09-18 |title=Tulane University names school in honor of Celia Scott Weatherhead's record-breaking support {{!}} Tulane University News |url=https://news.tulane.edu/pr/tulane-university-names-school-honor-celia-scott-weatherheads-record-breaking-support#:~:text=Tulane%20University%20announced%20today%20that,in%20support%20of%20the%20university. |access-date=2024-09-19 |website=news.tulane.edu |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nietzel |first=Michael T. |title=After Historic Gift, Tulane University Names Public Health School For Donor |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaeltnietzel/2024/09/18/after-historic-gift-tulane-university-names-public-health-school-for-donor/ |access-date=2024-09-19 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> == Sassan == Makarantar Celia Scott Weatherhead ta Lafiyar Jama'a da Magungunan Yankin Tropical tana da sassa bakwai na ilimi: * Kimiyyar Halittu da Kimiyyar Bayanai <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Department of Biostatistics and Data Science |url=https://sph.tulane.edu/gbds/home |access-date=2 October 2011 |website= |publisher=School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine |archive-date=20 March 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170320155127/http://sph.tulane.edu/gbds/home |url-status=dead }}</ref> * [[Lafiyar muhalli|Kimiyyar Lafiyar Muhalli]] <ref>{{Cite web |title=Department of Global Health Environmental Health Sciences |url=http://sph.tulane.edu/publichealth/ehs/index.cfm |publisher=School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine }}{{Dead link|date=July 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> * Ilimin Cututtuka <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 November 2016 |title=Epidemiology {{!}} School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine |url=https://sph.tulane.edu/epid/home |access-date=2022-03-14 |website=sph.tulane.edu}}</ref> * Manufofin Lafiya da Gudanar da Su <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 November 2016 |title=Health Policy and Management {{!}} School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine |url=https://sph.tulane.edu/hpm/home |access-date=2022-03-14 |website=sph.tulane.edu |archive-date=2022-03-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220314083318/https://sph.tulane.edu/hpm/home |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Lafiya ta Duniya da Ci Gaba Mai Dorewa <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 August 2020 |title=Department of International Health and Sustainable Development {{!}} School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine |url=https://sph.tulane.edu/ihsd/home |access-date=2022-03-14 |website=sph.tulane.edu}}</ref> * Kimiyyar Zamantakewa, Halayya, da Jama'a <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 August 2020 |title=Department of Social, Behavioral, and Population Sciences {{!}} School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine |url=https://sph.tulane.edu/sbps/home |access-date=2022-03-14 |website=sph.tulane.edu}}</ref> * Maganin Yankin Wurare Masu Yawa <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tropical Medicine |url=http://sph.tulane.edu/publichealth/tropmed/index.cfm |publisher=School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine |access-date=2026-06-07 |archive-date=2016-10-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161028180226/http://sph.tulane.edu/publichealth/tropmed/index.cfm |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Cibiyoyi, cibiyoyi, da tallafin horo == * Cibiyar Kula da Lafiyar Jama'a ta Muhalli <ref>{{Cite web |title=Center for Applied Environmental Public Health |url=http://www.sph.tulane.edu/CAEPH/ |publisher=Tulane SPH&TM |access-date=2026-06-07 |archive-date=2016-10-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161027101058/http://www.sph.tulane.edu/caeph/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Cibiyar Bincike da Kimantawa game da Zazzabin Malaria da Aka Yi Amfani da su] * Cibiyar Nazarin Halittu da Ilimin Halitta] <ref>{{Cite web |title=Center for Bioinformatics and Genomics |url=http://www.sph.tulane.edu/publichealth/bio/center_for_bioinformatics_and_genomics_bio.cfm |access-date=18 December 2011 |publisher=SPH&TM |archive-date=11 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111111083946/http://www.sph.tulane.edu/publichealth/bio/center_for_bioinformatics_and_genomics_bio.cfm |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Cibiyar Nazarin Cututtuka Masu Tasowa a Lokacin Haihuwa * Cibiyar Daidaiton Lafiya ta Duniya] <ref>{{Cite web |title=Global Community Health |url=http://sph.tulane.edu/publichealth/chs/centers_research_chs.cfm |publisher=Tulane SPHTM |access-date=2026-06-07 |archive-date=2016-10-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161011100027/http://www.sph.tulane.edu/publichealth/chs/centers_research_chs.cfm |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Cibiyar Bincike, Jagoranci da Tsarin Dabaru na Lafiyar Muhalli ta Tekun Gulf * Cibiyar Nazarin Al'ummar da Suka Koma Matsuguni * Ofishin Lafiya na Latin Amurka <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tulane Health Office for Latin America |url=http://www.sph.tulane.edu/hola/ |publisher=Tulane SPH&TM |access-date=2026-06-07 |archive-date=2016-08-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160827214910/http://www.sph.tulane.edu/hola/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Cibiyar Binciken Nazarin Tsarin Lafiya * Cibiyar Ilimi ta Lafiyar Mata ta Mary Amelia Douglas-Whited <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Mary Amelia Women's Center |url=http://tulane.edu/womenshealth/ |access-date=18 December 2011 |publisher=SPH&TM }}{{Dead link|date=July 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> * Aikin Kimanta Auna Mataki na Huɗu * Cibiyar Nazarin Cututtuka ta Tulane ta Rayuwa * Cibiyar Bayanan Bincike ta Duniya ta Tulane * Cibiyar Hawan Jini da Ƙwayar Tulane * Cibiyar Binciken Kiba ta Tulane * Ofishin Tulane na Lafiya ta Duniya <ref>{{Cite web |title=Office for Global Health |url=http://www.sph.tulane.edu/ogh/about_ogh.cfm |publisher=Tulane SPH&TM |access-date=2026-06-07 |archive-date=2016-10-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161027101105/http://www.sph.tulane.edu/ogh/about_ogh.cfm |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Cibiyar Bincike Kan Rigakafin Tulane <ref>{{Cite web |title=Prevention Research Center |url=http://prc.tulane.edu/ |publisher=Tulane SPH&TM}}</ref> * Ofishin Binciken Lafiya na Jami'ar Tulane <ref>{{Cite web |title=Office of Health Research |url=http://tulane.edu/publichealth/ohr/ohr_home.cfm |publisher=Tulane SPH&TM |access-date=2026-06-07 |archive-date=2017-10-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171029234410/http://www2.tulane.edu/publichealth/ohr/ohr_home.cfm |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Cibiyar Kimiyyar Fassara ta Tulane === Tallafin Horarwa === * Gina Cibiyoyin Bincike Tsakanin Ma'aikata a Lafiyar Mata * Cibiyar Inganta Lafiyar Mata da Yara * Shirin Horar da Likitoci na HRSA MCH game da Cututtuka * Horarwa Tsakanin Amurkawa don Sabbin Sabbin Cututtuka Masu Yaɗuwa * Yankin 6 Cibiyar Horar da Lafiyar Jama'a ta Kudu ta Tsakiya * Binciken Horarwa na Ƙasa da Ƙasa kan Lafiyar 'Yan tsiraru ta Tulane-Xavier == Suna == Manufar Makarantar Celia Scott Weatherhead ta Lafiyar Jama'a da Magungunan Yankin Tropical ita ce ta haɓaka lafiyar jama'a a duniya da kuma rage [[Daidaitaccen lafiya|bambance-bambancen lafiya]] ta hanyar ƙwarewa a fannin ilimi, bincike, da haɗin gwiwa. Ɗalibai sun yi rajista daga ƙasashe sama da 40 daban-daban, kuma makarantar ta ci gaba da kasancewa a sahun gaba a makarantun kiwon lafiyar jama'a da aka amince da su a faɗin ƙasar. Buga na 2025 ''na Rahoton Labaran Duniya na Amurka'' ya sanya Makarantar Lafiyar Jama'a da Magungunan Yankin Yamma a matsayi na 10 a cikin shirye-shiryen kiwon lafiyar jama'a. <ref>{{Cite web |date=March 2025 |title=Best Graduate Public Health Programs |url=https://www.usnews.com/best-graduate-schools/top-health-schools/public-health-rankings |access-date=17 July 2025 |website=U.S. News & World Report}}</ref> A shekarar 2008, makarantar ta ba wa ɗaliban farko na farko digirin farko a fannin kimiyyar lafiyar jama'a na Tulane digirin farko a fannin kiwon lafiyar jama'a. Makarantar Lafiyar Jama'a da Magungunan Yankin Yamma ta Jami'ar Tulane ta yi bikin cika shekaru 100 da kafuwa a shekarar 2012. <ref>{{Cite web |title=A Century of Commitment to Global Health 1912-2012 |url=http://tulane.edu/publichealth/centennial/index.cfm |access-date=2011-10-02 |website=Centennial Celebration |publisher=Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine }}{{Dead link|date=July 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Makarantar tana da shirin digiri na haɗin gwiwa tare da Makarantar Likitanci ta Tulane, wanda ke ba da digirin MD/MPH. Shi ne mafi tsufa irin wannan shirin a ƙasar, kuma mafi girma. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2024)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> == Wuri == Makarantar Celia Scott Weatherhead ta Tulane ta Lafiyar Jama'a da Magungunan Yankuna tana nan a 1440 Canal St, New Orleans, Louisiana a unguwar Central Business District . Gininta yana ɗaya daga cikin gine-gine mafi tsayi a New Orleans, kuma ana kiranta da ginin Tidewater . Yankin CBD da Makarantar take a yanzu ana kiransa da Bioscience District, kuma a da ana kiransa da Medical District. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Klien & Morlok |title=Leadership and Management Strategy |url=http://www.norpc.org/assets/pdf-documents/studies-and-plans/biosci_ip4-ldrmgmt.pdf |access-date=29 January 2012 |website=NEW ORLEANS MEDICAL DISTRICT ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY |publisher=Eva Klein & Associates, Ltd. |archive-date=21 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150921121956/http://www.norpc.org/assets/pdf-documents/studies-and-plans/biosci_ip4-ldrmgmt.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> BioDistrict wuri ne da aka kashe dala biliyan 1.09 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Business Plan for University Medical Center |url=http://www.newhospital.org/docs/UMCMC%20Business%20Plan%2009062011Verite.pdf |website=Verité Healthcare Consulting, LLC |publisher=newhospital.org}}</ref> a sabon gini don aikin Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Jami'a wanda ya maye gurbin Asibitin Sadaka a 2015. An kashe ƙarin ~$1.0bn a unguwar don gina sabon Asibitin Kula da Lafiya na Tsohon Soji na Kudu maso Gabashin Louisiana VA. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Project Legacy |url=http://www.neworleans.va.gov/Project_Legacy.asp}}</ref> BioDistrict kuma ya haɗa da sabon Cibiyar BioInnovation mai faɗin ƙafa 66,000 da Cibiyar Binciken Ciwon daji ta Louisiana mai faɗin ƙafa 155,000. Ginin Tidewater yana da sauƙin isa ta hanya, mota a titi, da kuma Shuttles na Jami'ar Tulane. <ref>{{Cite web |title=University Shuttles |url=http://tulane.edu/studentaffairs/tom/transportation/shuttles.cfm |website=Tulane University |publisher=University Services |access-date=2026-06-07 |archive-date=2013-02-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130225035829/http://tulane.edu/studentaffairs/tom/transportation/shuttles.cfm |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ginin Tidewater yana da ɗan gajeren tafiya daga Vieux Carré . == Manazarta == 19fb9smfopjdd7vkknmmwy3my9ykro4 0 155708 878705 850765 2026-07-07T21:39:03Z Nnamadee 31123 878705 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Yaduwar kwance ita ce yaduwar kwayoyin halitta tsakanin kwayoyin halitta da / ko abiotic membobin tsarin halittu waɗanda ba su cikin dangantakar iyaye da zuriya ba. Saboda ƙaddamar da juyin halitta na wakili ba a haɗa shi da nasarar haifuwa na mai masaukin ba, watsawa a kwance yana haifar da ƙwayoyin cuta. Saboda haka yana da mahimmanci ga maganin juyin halitta.<ref name="pmid21237001">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Myers JH, Rothman LE |date=May 1995 |title=Virulence and transmission of infectious diseases in humans and insects: evolutionary and demographic patterns |url=https://www.zoology.ubc.ca/~myers/Myers%20Lab%20Website/myers%20and%20rothman%201995.pdf |journal=Trends in Ecology & Evolution |volume=10 |issue=5 |pages=194–8 |doi=10.1016/s0169-5347(00)89051-5 |pmid=21237001}}</ref> == Halitta == === Yaduwar kwayar cuta === A cikin ilmin halitta, amma ba al'adu ba, watsawa masu dauke da su (wanda aka fi sani da [[Mai yaduwar cuta|vectors]]) na iya haɗawa da wasu nau'o'in. Manyan hanyoyin watsa halittu guda biyu sune ''Tashar baya'' da tashar baya. A cikin ''Tashar da ta gabata'', watsawa tana faruwa ta hanyar cinye kwayar cutar (vector), kamar a cikin [[Cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro|zazzabin cizon sauro]], zazzabin dengue, da annoba ta bubonic. Tashar baya tana watsawa ta hanyar hulɗa da datti mai kamuwa. Misalan su ne cututtukan da ke haifar da rickettsiae (kamar [[typhus]]), waɗanda ke kwangila ta hanyar kayan jikin da ake shafawa cikin jini. Vector ba lallai bane wani nau'i, duk da haka. Misali, kare da ya kamu da cutar [[Rabies]] na iya kamuwa da wani kare ta hanyar yaduwar tashar baya. Bugu da ƙari, akwai wasu hanyoyin yaduwar halittu, kamar zubar da jini a cikin [[Ƙwayoyin cuta na Ebola|ebola]]. === Yaduwar ƙwaƙwalwa === [[Fayil:Horizontal_transmission_symbiont.png|thumb|441x441px|Diagram da ke nuna watsawa a kwance na symbiont a cikin mai masaukin sa.]] Symbiosis yana bayyana dangantaka inda akalla kwayoyin halitta guda biyu ke cikin wani yanayi mai zurfi, irin wannan kwayoyin suna aiki da runduna ɗayan kuma a matsayin symbiont. Akwai wajibi, wadanda ke buƙatar mai masaukin don rayuwa, da kuma symbionts na zaɓi, waɗanda zasu iya rayuwa ba tare da mai masaukin ba. Symbionts na iya bin tsaye, a kwance, ko yanayin watsawa ga mai masaukin su. A kwance, ko gefe, watsawa yana bayyana samun wani zaɓi na zaɓi daga muhalli ko daga mai masaukin da ke kusa.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Bright M, Bulgheresi S |date=March 2010 |title=A complex journey: transmission of microbial symbionts |journal=Nature Reviews. Microbiology |volume=8 |issue=3 |pages=218–30 |doi=10.1038/nrmicro2262 |pmc=2967712 |pmid=20157340}}</ref> Tsarin rayuwa na mai karɓar bakuncin ya haɗa da matakai na symbiotic da aposymbiotic. Lokaci na aposymbiotic gabaɗaya yana farawa a cikin Kwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta, kuma yayin ci gaba, kwayar halitta ta sami symbiont kuma ta canza shi zuwa ga kwayar halitta.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Bright M, Bulgheresi S |date=March 2010 |title=A complex journey: transmission of microbial symbionts |journal=Nature Reviews. Microbiology |volume=8 |issue=3 |pages=218–30 |doi=10.1038/nrmicro2262 |pmc=2967712 |pmid=20157340}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFBrightBulgheresi2010">Bright M, Bulgheresi S (March 2010). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2967712 "A complex journey: transmission of microbial symbionts"]. ''Nature Reviews. Microbiology''. '''8''' (3): <span class="nowrap">218–</span>30. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1038/nrmicro2262|10.1038/nrmicro2262]]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]]&nbsp;<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible">[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2967712 2967712]</span>. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&nbsp;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20157340 20157340].</cite></ref> Mai karɓar bakuncin zai saki symbiont kafin haifuwa. Tabbatar da yanayin watsawa na symbiont yana buƙatar gano mahimman fannoni waɗanda ke bayyana watsawa. Don watsawa a kwance mutum zai buƙaci bincika mai masaukin a kowane mataki na rayuwa don kasancewar symbiont kuma ya ƙayyade ko an saki symbiont daga mai masaukin cikin muhalli. A cikin tubeworms na hydrothermal, an nuna sakin symbiont a kan mutuwar mai masaukin ta amfani da faranti na daukar ma'aikata da kuma haske a cikin haɗin kai (FISH). [1] Kowane mataki na sake zagayowar rayuwa na tubeworm an samo shi kuma an bincika shi ta amfani da FISH don ƙayyade matakan aposymbiotic da kuma samun matakan sake zagayowan rayuwa a matsayin tsutsotsi da larvae da suka zauna >250μm a tsawon.[2] Sakamakon watsawa a kwance sun haɗa da mahimmancin buƙata don ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadadden ƙayyadamuran ƙayyadatattun ƙayyadagun ƙayƙatattun ƙwayoyin ƙayyadayyadaddden ƙayƙayyadaddwar ƙayyadyadaddun. Za'a iya samun takamaiman ganewa ta hanyar sigina mai rikitarwa ta hanyar sakin hormones, kamar su tare da nau'in Rhizobia da legumes. Sakin symbiont yana ba shi damar musayar kayan kwayar halitta tare da ƙwayoyin cuta na waje da kuma tsakanin mutane daban-daban a cikin mai masaukin. Wannan kula da musayar kwayar halitta yana ba da damar fadada kewayon mahalarta symbiont da kuma zaɓar sabon aiki ko daidaitawa na mahalarta, symbionts, da Holobiont.<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Chrostek E, Pelz-Stelinski K, Hurst GD, Hughes GL |date=2017 |title=Horizontal Transmission of Intracellular Insect Symbionts via Plants |journal=Frontiers in Microbiology |volume=8 |pages=2237 |doi=10.3389/fmicb.2017.02237 |pmc=5712413 |pmid=29234308 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Tarihin ɗan adam == Har ila yau, watsa al'adu na iya zama a kwance wanda aka bayyana a bayyane a cikin Dual Inheritance Theory . Yaduwar ta kwance tana cikin ka'idar meme na juyin halitta na al'adu, inda Richard Dawkins ya bayyana "meme" a matsayin "Virus of the Mind". == Dubi kuma == * Yaduwar cututtukan da ke kwance * Yaduwar kwayar halitta a kwance * Yaduwar tsaye == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] qcb1xlh3ugio1hnale11ko4hkmnmqmt 0 156155 878517 852243 2026-07-07T13:54:53Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878517 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kwayar cutar Melaka''' ''' (MELV) ''' kwayar cutar ce da ke dauke da jemagu. An fara ware shi a cikin mutum a Melaka, Malaysia a cikin shekara ta 2006. An yi zargin tafkin jemagu saboda binciken da aka yi ya nuna cewa an fallasa mai haƙuri ga jemagu kafin farawar kamuwa da cuta. Kwayar cutar Melaka tana haifar da cututtukan numfashi marasa mutuwa a cikin mutane. == Kwayar cuta == Kwayar cutar Melaka kwayar cuta ce da ba a rufe ta ba, a raba ta, kwayar cutar RNA mai laushi biyu. Samun kwayar halitta mai sashi yana sauƙaƙa sake rarraba. Melaka kwayar cuta ce ta fusogenic wacce ke inganta ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin ikonta na aiwatar da haɗin sel-cell. == Rarraba == An yi imanin cewa yaduwar mutum ne ga mutum ta hanyar numfashi. Mai haƙuri shine kawai danginsa da aka fallasa ga jemagu, duk da haka mambobi uku na iyalinsa sun yi rashin lafiya da kwayar cutar.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2008-09-22 |title=Temporal trends in the discovery of human viruses |url=http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/275/1647/2111.full |access-date=2014-02-02 |publisher=Rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org |archive-date=2016-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304060215/http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/275/1647/2111.full |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Dubi kuma == * Kwayar cutar marayu * Kwayar cutar Xi River * Kwayoyin ƙwayoyin halitta == Manazarta == a6athy0d9q9rpe3hoslkjb08dtqbdwh 0 156182 878603 852389 2026-07-07T15:49:47Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878603 wikitext text/x-wiki    {{Databox}}[[Fayil:Covid-19_San_Salvatore_09.jpg|thumb|Wani likitan anesthesiologist da ya gaji a Pesaro, Italiya, Maris 2020]] [[Fayil:COVID_anxiety_depression_graph.svg|thumb|Cutar ta haifar da damuwa da baƙin ciki a cikin jama'a gaba ɗaya.]]   The '''COVID-19 pandemic''' has affected people's '''mental health all over the world'''.<ref>{{Cite web |last=CDC |date=2020-02-11 |title=Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) |url=https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/daily-life-coping/managing-stress-anxiety.html |access-date=2020-05-17 |website=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |language=en-us}}</ref><ref name="Stix_2021">{{Cite web |title=Pandemic Year 1 Saw a Dramatic Global Rise in Anxiety and Depression |url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/pandemic-year-1-saw-a-dramatic-global-rise-in-anxiety-and-depression/ |access-date=2021-10-10 |website=Scientific American |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The impact of COVID-19 on mental health cannot be made light of |url=https://www.who.int/news-room/feature-stories/detail/the-impact-of-covid-19-on-mental-health-cannot-be-made-light-of |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=www.who.int |language=en}}</ref><ref name="cite69ae0a66">{{Cite web |title=Mental Health |url=https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/covid-19-and-mental-health |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=NIH COVID-19 Research |language=en}}</ref> [[Murar Mashaƙo 2019|The pandemic]] has led to widespread feelings of [[anxiety]], depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms.<ref name="cite69ae0a66" /><ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Luo Y, Chua CR, Xiong Z, Ho RC, Ho CS |date=23 November 2020 |title=A Systematic Review of the Impact of Viral Respiratory Epidemics on Mental Health: An Implication on the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic |journal=Frontiers in Psychiatry |volume=11 |doi=10.3389/fpsyt.2020.565098 |pmc=7719673 |pmid=33329106 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="Santomauro_2021">{{Cite journal |date=November 2021 |title=Global prevalence and burden of depressive and anxiety disorders in 204 countries and territories in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic |journal=Lancet |volume=398 |issue=10312 |pages=1700–1712 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(21)02143-7 |pmc=8500697 |pmid=34634250 |s2cid=238478261}}</ref> According to the UN health agency [[Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya|WHO]], in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, prevalence of common mental health conditions, such as depression and anxiety, went up by more than 25 percent. Cutar ta lalata dangantakar zamantakewa, amincewa da cibiyoyi da wasu mutane, ta haifar da canje-canje a cikin aiki da samun kudin shiga, kuma ta sanya nauyin damuwa da damuwa ga yawan jama'a.<ref>{{Cite web |title=OECD |url=https://read.oecd-ilibrary.org/view/?ref=126_126985-nv145m3l96&title=COVID-19-Protecting-people-and-societies |access-date=2020-05-07 |website=read.oecd-ilibrary.org |archive-date=2020-05-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200515004650/https://read.oecd-ilibrary.org/view/?ref=126_126985-nv145m3l96&title=COVID-19-Protecting-people-and-societies |url-status=dead }}</ref> Mata da matasa suna fuskantar babbar haɗarin baƙin ciki da damuwa.<ref name="Stix_2021" /><ref name="Santomauro_2021" /> A cewar Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka da Rigakafin Cututtuka na Lafiya ta Zuciya, Amfani da Magunguna, da Tunanin Kisan Kai A lokacin annobar COVID-19, "kashi 63 cikin dari na matasa sun ba da rahoton fuskantar alamun damuwa da baƙin ciki". <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-02-17 |title=Young adults hardest hit by loneliness during pandemic, study finds |url=https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2021/02/young-adults-teens-loneliness-mental-health-coronavirus-covid-pandemic/ |access-date=2024-05-19 |website=Harvard Gazette |language=en-US}}</ref> COVID-19 ya haifar da matsalolin da suka haifar da rikice-rikice na amfani da kwayoyi (SUDs). Cutar ta shafi mutanen da ke fama da cutar SUDs.<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Jemberie WB, Stewart Williams J, Eriksson M, Grönlund AS, Ng N, Blom Nilsson M, Padyab M, Priest KC, Sandlund M, Snellman F, McCarty D, Lundgren LM |date=July 21, 2020 |title=Substance Use Disorders and COVID-19: Multi-Faceted Problems Which Require Multi-Pronged Solutions |journal=Frontiers in Psychiatry |volume=11 |doi=10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00714 |pmc=7396653 |pmid=32848907 |s2cid=220651117 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Sakamakon kiwon lafiya na SUDs (alal misali, [[Cutar zuciya|Cututtukan zuciya]], cututsin numfashi, [[nau'in ciwon sukari na 2]], rigakafin rigakafi da ciwon ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa), da ƙalubalen muhalli masu alaƙa (kamar rashin kwanciyar hankali na gidaje, rashin aikin yi, da kuma aikata laifuka), suna da alaƙa da karuwar haɗarin kamuwa da COVID-19. Dokokin ƙuntatawa, tare da rashin aikin yi da matakan tsauraran matakai da aka aiwatar a lokacin da kuma bayan lokacin annobar, na iya shafar kasuwar miyagun ƙwayoyi ba bisa ka'ida ba kuma canza tsarin amfani da miyagun ƙwalwa tsakanin masu amfani. Matakan ragewa (watau nisantar jiki, keɓewa, da warewa) na iya kara tsananta kaɗaici, alamun lafiyar kwakwalwa, alamun janyewa, da raunin tunani. == Tarihin abubuwan da suka faru == '''Disamba 2019:''' Wuhan, China, ta ba da rahoton lokuta na farko na cutar huhu tare da sanannen dalilin.<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W, Li X, Yang B, Song J, Zhao X, Huang B, Shi W, Lu R, Niu P, Zhan F, Ma X, Wang D, Xu W, Wu G, Gao GF, Tan W |date=February 2020 |title=A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019 |journal=The New England Journal of Medicine |volume=382 |issue=8 |pages=727–733 |doi=10.1056/NEJMoa2001017 |pmc=7092803 |pmid=31978945}}</ref> Mutane suna jin tsoro da tsoro sakamakon rashin ilimin farko game da kamuwa da cuta.<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W, Li X, Yang B, Song J, Zhao X, Huang B, Shi W, Lu R, Niu P, Zhan F, Ma X, Wang D, Xu W, Wu G, Gao GF, Tan W |date=February 2020 |title=A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019 |journal=The New England Journal of Medicine |volume=382 |issue=8 |pages=727–733 |doi=10.1056/NEJMoa2001017 |pmc=7092803 |pmid=31978945}}</ref> A ranar 30 ga watan Janairun 2020, Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) ta dauki annobar COVID-19 a matsayin gaggawa ta Lafiya ta Jama'a ta Duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=COVID-19 Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) Global research and innovation forum |url=https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/covid-19-public-health-emergency-of-international-concern-(pheic)-global-research-and-innovation-forum |access-date=2026-05-27 |website=www.who.int |language=en}}</ref> Masu sana'a na jama'a da na kiwon lafiya suna fuskantar matakan damuwa mafi girma sakamakon karuwar ilimi a duniya. WHO ta sanya COVID-19 a hukumance a matsayin annoba a ranar 11 ga Maris, 2020. Rahotanni na damuwa da bakin ciki sun karu sakamakon tsoro da tsoro. '''Maris 2020:''' An aiwatar da kulle-kulle da matakan nisantar jama'a a kasashe da yawa.<ref name="Schuchat_2020">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Schuchat A |date=May 2020 |title=Public Health Response to the Initiation and Spread of Pandemic COVID-19 in the United States, February 24-April 21, 2020 |journal=MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report |volume=69 |issue=18 |pages=551–556 |doi=10.15585/mmwr.mm6918e2 |pmc=7737947 |pmid=32379733}}</ref> Keɓewar jama'a yana ƙara matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwa da suka riga sun kasance kuma yana ƙarawa ga jin kaɗaici.<ref name="Schuchat_2020" /> == Manazarta == l6e0rff91010sxvjb9t5ak1aqw13aqd 0 156238 878601 852727 2026-07-07T15:44:15Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878601 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Lafiyar mata ta haihuwa a Amurka''' tana nufin tarin matsalolin jiki, tunani, da zamantakewa da suka shafi lafiyar mata a Amurka . Ya haɗa da haƙƙin mata a Amurka na isasshen lafiyar jima'i, hanyoyin hana ɗaukar ciki, da kuma maganin cututtukan da ake yaɗawa ta hanyar jima'i. Yaɗuwar matsalolin lafiyar mata a al'adun Amurka ya samo asali ne daga ra'ayin mata na biyu a Amurka. <ref name="Overview of Women's Health since 1960s">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Rosser SV |date=December 2002 |title=Overview of Women's Health in the U.S. Since the Mid-1960s |journal=History and Technology |volume=18 |issue=4 |pages=355–369 |doi=10.1080/0734151022000023802 |s2cid=144004991}}</ref> Sakamakon wannan motsi, matan Amurka sun fara yin tambayoyi game da tsarin kula da lafiya wanda maza suka fi rinjaye kuma sun nemi haƙƙin samun bayanai kan batutuwan da suka shafi ilimin halittarsu da tsarin jikinsu. [ <ref name="Overview of Women's Health since 1960s" /> Gwamnatin Amurka ta yi manyan ci gaba don gabatar da mafita, kamar ƙirƙirar Shirin Lafiyar Mata ta Ofishin Bincike kan Lafiyar Mata a 1991. <ref name="Overview of Women's Health since 1960s" /> Duk da haka, har yanzu akwai batutuwa da yawa da suka shafi samun damar kula da lafiyar haihuwa da kuma ƙyama da cece-kuce da ke tattare da lafiyar jima'i, hana ɗaukar ciki, da cututtukan da ake yaɗawa ta hanyar jima'i. <ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Borrero S, Schwarz EB, Creinin M, Ibrahim S |date=2008-12-15 |title=The impact of race and ethnicity on receipt of family planning services in the United States |journal=Journal of Women's Health |volume=18 |issue=1 |pages=91–96 |doi=10.1089/jwh.2008.0976 |pmc=2743980 |pmid=19072728}}</ref> <ref name=":4">{{Cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Wellons MF, Fujimoto VY, Baker VL, Barrington DS, Broomfield D, Catherino WH, Richard-Davis G, Ryan M, Thornton K, Armstrong AY |date=August 2012 |title=Race matters: a systematic review of racial/ethnic disparity in Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology reported outcomes |journal=Fertility and Sterility |volume=98 |issue=2 |pages=406–409 |doi=10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.05.012 |pmc=3409320 |pmid=22698638}}</ref> Ma'aikatar Lafiya da Ayyukan Dan Adam ta ƙirƙiro wata ma'ana ga lafiyar jima'i a Amurka bisa ga ma'anar [[Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya]] game da lafiyar jima'i. Lafiyar jima'i yanayi ne na jin daɗi dangane da jima'i a tsawon rayuwa wanda ya shafi fannoni na jiki, motsin rai, tunani, zamantakewa da ruhaniya. Lafiyar jima'i wani muhimmin bangare ne na lafiyar ɗan adam kuma ya dogara ne akan kyakkyawar hanyar da ta dace, adalci, da girmamawa ga jima'i, dangantaka, da haihuwa, wacce ba ta da tilastawa, tsoro, wariya, kyama, kunya, da tashin hankali. Gwamnatin Amurka ta fahimci cewa jinsi wani abu ne da ke taka muhimmiyar rawa a lafiyar jima'i. Mata a Amurka, waɗanda suka fuskanci wani ɓangare na tasirin mata a matsayin waɗanda suka fi rinjaye a tsarin kiwon lafiya na maza, suna kuma neman ƙarin bayani da 'yancin kai a kan jikinsu. Shirye-shirye kamar Shirin Lafiyar Mata sun inganta wayar da kan jama'a da bincike, duk da haka, har yanzu akwai manyan shingaye. Waɗannan shingaye sun haɗa da ƙarancin damar samun ayyukan haihuwa, ƙyama da ke tattare da lafiyar jima'i, hana haihuwa, da kuma cututtukan da ake ɗauka ta hanyar jima'i. == Lafiyar jinsi da haihuwa == A Amurka, akwai rashin daidaito a fannin lafiyar haihuwa tsakanin mata fararen fata da tsiraru. Cin zarafi da gwaje-gwajen da kwararrun likitoci suka yi wa mata baƙaƙe sun haifar da rashin yarda da al'ummar likitoci. Bugu da ƙari, nuna wariya a tsakanin launin fata da ma'aikatan lafiya ke nunawa a yanzu yana shafar kula da lafiyar mata Baƙaƙe da tsiraru. <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |title=Black Mothers Keep Dying After Giving Birth. Shalon Irving's Story Explains Why |url=https://www.npr.org/2017/12/07/568948782/black-mothers-keep-dying-after-giving-birth-shalon-irvings-story-explains-why |access-date=2021-04-29 |website=NPR.org |language=en}}</ref> Idan aka kwatanta da mata fararen fata, yawan kamuwa da cutar HIV yana da yawa sosai a cikin mata Baƙaƙe da Hispanic. Waɗannan ƙungiyoyi suna ɗauke da kashi 75% na kamuwa da cuta a tsakanin mata. <ref name=":1" /> Akwai kuma gibi a amfani da maganin hana haihuwa tsakanin mata fararen fata da baƙi. Waɗannan bambance-bambancen wani ɓangare ne na rashin inshorar lafiya da kuɗaɗen kuɗi. <ref name=":1" /> Kula da lafiyar mata gabaɗaya na iya taimakawa rage yawan kamuwa da cutar HIV a cikin mata tsiraru da kuma ƙara yawan amfani da maganin hana haihuwa. [ <ref name=":1" /> Rashin lafiyar haihuwa wani abu ne da ke taimakawa wajen ƙaruwar mace-macen mata masu juna biyu a Amurka tsakanin mata tsiraru, musamman tsakanin mata Baƙaƙe . Mata baƙaƙe suna da yuwuwar mutuwa sau 3.3 fiye da mata fararen fata daga dalilai masu alaƙa da juna biyu. <ref name=":1" /> Wannan wani ɓangare ne saboda rashin inshora kafin daukar ciki da kuma ƙaruwar cututtuka masu tsanani, kamar kiba da ciwon suga. <ref name=":5" /> Bugu da ƙari, akwai rashin daidaito a amfani da nasarar ART tsakanin ƙungiyoyin ƙabila da tattalin arziki saboda tsadar da ake kashewa, ƙarancin damar shiga, da kuma amfani da su iri-iri. Wani bita da aka yi kan dukkan nazarin Amurka wanda ya yi la'akari da launin fata da ƙabila yayin bayar da rahoton nasarar ART, ya gano cewa mata fararen fata suna da mafi girman adadin nasara, sai kuma matan Hispanic da Asiya, da kuma matan Baƙar fata 'yan Amurka. <ref name=":4" /> Matan Baƙar fata 'yan Amurka ba sa samun irin wannan magani kamar mata fararen fata saboda shekarun da aka gano su a ciki, kuɗin shiga na gida, da kuma takamaiman wurin kula da lafiya. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Parham |first=Groesbeck P. |last2=Hicks |first2=Michael L. |date=September 2005 |title=Racial Disparities Affecting the Reproductive Health of African-American Women |journal=Medical Clinics of North America |volume=89 |issue=5 |pages=935–943 |doi=10.1016/j.mcna.2005.04.001 |issn=0025-7125 |pmid=16129105}}</ref> Ma'aikatar Lafiya da Ayyukan Dan Adam ta Amurka ta gano manufofin lafiyar haihuwa na ƙasa, ciki har da rage yawan daukar ciki ba tare da an yi niyya ba. <ref name="Inapprop Use of CHC">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Yu J, Hu XH |date=July 2013 |title=Inappropriate use of combined hormonal contraceptives for birth control among women of reproductive age in the United States |journal=Journal of Women's Health |volume=22 |issue=7 |pages=595–603 |doi=10.1089/jwh.2012.3955 |pmid=23789583}}</ref> Daga cikin dukkan daukar ciki da aka ruwaito a Amurka, rabi ba su da tsari. Daga cikin mata miliyan 62 a Amurka da ke da damar haihuwa, bakwai cikin goma daga cikin waɗannan mata suna da sha'awar jima'i amma ba sa son yin ciki. <ref name="Inapprop Use of CHC" /> [[Kulawar haihuwa|Maganin hana daukar ciki]] babban batu ne na lafiyar mata. Kashi 86% na mata masu sha'awar jima'i suna yin wani nau'in hana daukar ciki kuma kashi 30% na wadannan mata suna amfani da wani nau'in hana daukar ciki na hormone. <ref name="Inapprop Use of CHC" /> Mata a Amurka suna da 'yanci wajen yanke shawara kan amfani da magungunan hana daukar ciki a tsakanin sauran kasashen duniya, idan aka kwatanta da sauran kasashen duniya. Cibiyar Kula da Cututtuka (CDC) tana da babban tasiri kan tsarin yanke shawara da mata za su yi yayin zabar nau'ikan hana daukar ciki daban-daban. Matan Amurka har yanzu suna dogara ga masu ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya don mafi yawan bayanan da suke samu game da amfani da hana daukar ciki. Domin taimakawa masu samar da kiwon lafiya su samar da kulawar tsarin iyali mai <ref name="Inapprop Use of CHC"/> CDC ta buga Ka'idojin Cancanta na [[Kulawar haihuwa|Lafiya]] na Amurka don Amfani da Hana ... === Hanyoyin hana haihuwa masu juyawa === * Na'urar T ta cikin mahaifa ta Copper (IUD) ko kuma tsarin ciki na levonorgestrel (LNG IUD) <ref name="CDC Contraception">{{Cite web |last=Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion |title=Contraception |url=https://www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/UnintendedPregnancy/Contraception.htm |access-date=25 October 2014 |website=www.cdc.gov}}</ref> * Hanyoyin Hormonal ** Dashen ** Allura ** Haɗaɗɗen maganin hana haihuwa ta baki ** Kwayar Progestin kawai ** Faci ** Zoben hana ɗaukar ciki na farji na hormone ** Tsarin hana haihuwa na gaggawa * Hanyoyin shinge ** Diaphragm ko murfin mahaifa ** Kwaroron roba na maza ** Kwaroron roba na mata ** Maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta * Hanyoyin wayar da kan jama'a game da haihuwa ** Tsarin iyali ** Sanin haihuwa ** Kauracewa <ref name="CDC Contraception" /> === Hanyoyin hana haihuwa na dindindin === * Yin amfani da maganin hana haihuwa ga mata <ref name="CDC Contraception"/> * Yin tiyatar cire mahaifa <ref name="CDC Contraception" /> === Maganin hana haihuwa na hormone === Tsarin hana daukar ciki na hormone shine hanyar da ta fi shahara a tsakanin mata a Amurka. Mata 'yan ƙasa da shekara talatin sun fi amfani da tsarin hana daukar ciki na hormone a matsayin hanyar da suka fi so. Tsarin hana daukar ciki na hormones na iya zama kusan 100% idan aka yi amfani da shi daidai, <ref name="Urban Family Medicine IUC">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Rubin SE, Winrob I |date=April 2010 |title=Urban female family medicine patients' perceptions about intrauterine contraception |journal=Journal of Women's Health |publisher=Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. |volume=19 |issue=4 |pages=735–740 |doi=10.1089/jwh.2009.1549 |pmid=20201700}}</ref> amma a mafi yawan lokuta ana amfani da shi ba daidai ba. Tsarin hana daukar ciki na hormonal yana da kashi 8% na gazawarsa. <ref name="Urban Family Medicine IUC" /> Shahararren tsarin hana daukar ciki na hormonal a tsakanin mata yana canzawa a cikin shekara guda inda kashi 32% na mata suka yanke shawarar daina amfani da tsarin hana daukar ciki na hormonal bayan shekara guda da aka saba amfani da shi. <ref name="Urban Family Medicine IUC" /> === Tsarin hana haihuwa ta cikin mahaifa === Akwai babban abin kunya a tsakanin mata kan batun amfani da na'urar hana ɗaukar ciki (IUD) a matsayin hanyar hana ɗaukar ciki. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2021)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Nau'ikan IUD guda biyu da ake da su don amfani da maganin hana haihuwa a yanzu sune Copper T 380A da levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system ko Mirena. Mata a Amurka ba sa amfani da IUD sosai, inda kashi 2% ne kawai na mata ke amfani da IUD a matsayin maganin hana haihuwa mai inganci. <ref name="Urban Family Medicine IUC"/> An bayyana ingancin maganin hana haihuwa ta hanyar amfani da shi yadda ya kamata da kuma amfani da shi na yau da kullun. IUD ya bambanta da yawancin nau'ikan maganin hana haihuwa, domin yana da tasiri 100% a duka lokuta biyu na amfani. <ref name="Urban Family Medicine IUC" /> Ba zai yiwu a yi amfani da IUD ba daidai ba ko ba daidai ba saboda dole ne a saka su a cikin mahaifa. Mata a Amurka suna da tsoro da yawa game da amfani da IUD, wanda hakan ya sa ba a san su da tsarin hana haihuwa ba. <ref name="Urban Family Medicine IUC" /> Ga mata da yawa a Amurka, IUD zaɓi ne kawai lokacin da aka yi amfani da wasu hanyoyin hana haihuwa na gargajiya (maganin hana haihuwa na hormones, hanyoyin shinge, da sauransu) ko kuma lokacin da mace ta riga ta haifi 'ya'ya. <ref name="Urban Family Medicine IUC" /> Tsoron da ke tattare da amfani da IUD ya samo asali ne daga rashin ingantaccen ilimi kan duk hanyoyin hana daukar ciki da ake da su ga mata a Amurka. Mata sun ambaci tsoron ingancin na'urar, suna sanya na'urar a cikin jikinsu da son rai, da kuma lokacin da ake buƙata don riƙe na'urar a wurin. <ref name="Urban Family Medicine IUC" /> Akwai ƙarancin ilimi game da yanayin jikin mace da rigakafin daukar ciki, har ma a tsakanin matan Amurka. <ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Shedlin M, Amastae J, Potter JE, Hopkins K, Grossman D |date=April 2013 |title=Knowledge and beliefs about reproductive anatomy and physiology among Mexican-Origin women in the USA: implications for effective oral contraceptive use |journal=Culture, Health & Sexuality |volume=15 |issue=4 |pages=466–479 |doi=10.1080/13691058.2013.766930 |pmc=3690341 |pmid=23464742}}</ref> === Samfurin wayar da kan jama'a game da haihuwa === Hanyoyin wayar da kan mata game da haihuwa sun ƙunshi hanyoyin hana haihuwa waɗanda ba na hormones ba ne ko kuma waɗanda suka mamaye su. [ <ref name=":12">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Festin MP |date=July 2020 |title=Overview of modern contraception |journal=Best Practice & Research. Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology |volume=66 |pages=4–14 |doi=10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2020.03.004 |pmid=32291177 |doi-access=free}}</ref> <ref name=":12" /> ɗaukar siffar yin jima'i ne kawai lokacin da mace ba ta da haihuwa, don haka guje wa yin jima'i yayin ovulation. <ref name=":12" /> Mata za su iya sa ido kan yanayin zagayowar jinin al'ada ta amfani da hanyoyin kalanda ko hanyoyin da suka dogara da alamun cutar. [1] Hanya mafi inganci ta kalanda ita ce Hanyar Kwanaki ta yau da kullun, hanyar da mace ba ta yin jima'i a ranakun 8-19 na zagayowarta. <ref name=":12" /> <ref>{{Cite web |title=What is the Standard Days Method? {{!}} Ovulation Calculator |url=https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/fertility-awareness/whats-standard-days-method |access-date=2021-04-07 |website=www.plannedparenthood.org |language=en}}</ref> Hanya ɗaya ta dogara da alamun cutar ita ce Hanyar Kwanaki Biyu, hanyar da mace ke duba fitar maniyyi sau biyu a rana kuma idan ta yi fitar maniyyi a ranar ko ranar da ta gabata, za ta iya ɗaukar ciki. <ref>{{Cite web |title=TwoDay Method® |url=https://irh.org/projects/fam_project/twoday-method/ |access-date=2021-04-07 |website=Institute for Reproductive Health |language=en |archive-date=2021-04-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414101037/https://irh.org/projects/fam_project/twoday-method/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Hanya ta biyu ta dogara da alamun cutar ita ce hanyar Sympto-thermal, wadda ke haɗa lurar mace game da fitar maniyyi a farjinta da amfani da na'urar sa ido kan haihuwa ta lantarki wadda ke gano hormones na fitsari. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Fertility Awareness-Based Methods of Family Planning |url=https://www.acog.org/en/womens-health/faqs/fertility-awareness-based-methods-of-family-planning |access-date=2021-04-07 |website=www.acog.org |language=en}}</ref> Ɗaya daga cikin fa'idodin amfani da hanyar wayar da kan mata game da haihuwa ita ce babu wata illa ko matsalolin lafiya saboda ba a amfani da magunguna ko dashen jiki. <ref name=":12" /> == Lafiyar kwakwalwa ta haihuwa == Lafiyar kwakwalwa ta mata ta mayar da hankali kan batutuwan lafiyar kwakwalwa da ake fuskanta saboda ko kuma ta ƙara ta'azzara ta hanyar sauye-sauye a cikin zagayowar haihuwa ta mata. Wannan fanni wani ɓangare ne na lafiyar kwakwalwa ta mata, wanda ya haɗa da matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwa da mata ke fuskanta a kowane lokaci a rayuwarsu. Lafiyar kwakwalwa ta haihuwa ta fi mayar da hankali kan sauye-sauyen haihuwa a rayuwar mata. Waɗannan sun haɗa da balaga, haila, ciki, rashin haihuwa, lokacin haihuwa da kuma lokacin da mace ta haihu, zubar da ciki, da ƙari. <ref name=":6" /> Waɗannan sauye-sauyen, waɗanda canje-canjen hormonal suka haifar, na iya haifar da alamun motsin rai da na jiki a wasu mata. Yayin da tsananin ya bambanta daga mutum zuwa mutum, an ruwaito cewa sama da kashi 75% na mata masu zagayowar haila akai-akai suna ba da rahoton alamun jiki ko na tunani marasa daɗi, kafin haila. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Reproductive Psychiatry - Psychiatry |url=https://www.nyp.org/psychiatry/womens-mental-health/reproductive-psychiatry |access-date=2022-08-10 |website=NewYork-Presbyterian |language=en}}</ref> Ilimin halin ƙwaƙwalwa na haihuwa shine ɓangaren da ke mai da hankali kan magance waɗannan matsalolin. Waɗannan likitocin ƙwararru ne da aka horar a cikin ganewar asali da magance alamun yanayi da damuwa da ke faruwa a cikin waɗannan zagayowar a cikin haihuwar mata. <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Johns Hopkins Center for Women's Reproductive Mental Health |url=https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/psychiatry/specialty_areas/moods/patient_information/clinic_women.html |access-date=2022-08-10 |website=www.hopkinsmedicine.org |language=en |archive-date=2022-09-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220901143619/https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/psychiatry/specialty_areas/moods/patient_information/clinic_women.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Wannan fanni yana ƙaruwa yayin da gibin da ke akwai a lafiyar kwakwalwa wanda aka mayar da hankali musamman kan mata kuma ana ganin yadda nazarin waɗannan batutuwan zai iya zama mai tasiri. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2023)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> === Lafiyar jima'i da hana haihuwa === Lafiyar jima'i ta haɗa da ci gaban jima'i da lafiyar haihuwa, ikon samun kyakkyawar alaƙa tsakanin mutane, girmama jikin mutum, mu'amala mai kyau da jinsi biyu, da kuma bayyana ƙauna, ƙauna, da kusanci ta yadda ya dace da dabi'un mutum. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Straw |first=Fiona |last2=Porter |first2=Charlotte |date=October 2012 |title=Sexual health and contraception |journal=Archives of Disease in Childhood: Education and Practice Edition |volume=97 |issue=5 |pages=177–184 |doi=10.1136/archdischild-2011-301250 |issn=1743-0593 |pmid=22983512 |s2cid=25898993}}</ref> Lafiyar jima'i ta haɗa da jima'i wanda "ya dace, ba cin zarafi ba, gaskiya, jin daɗi, kuma an kare shi daga ciki da cututtukan da ake kamuwa da su ta hanyar jima'i" a cewar sanarwar da Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) ta fitar a shekarar 2008. <ref name=":8" /> Ga yawancin matasa, sha'awar jima'i tana farawa ne a lokacin balaga kuma akwai shaidar cewa waɗanda suka sami bayanai game da lafiyar jima'i daga iyayensu sun fi son fara jima'i daga baya fiye da waɗanda suka sami shi daga takwarorinsu duk da cewa wasu matasa sun fi son samun bayanai daga ƙwararru. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Brody |first=Barbara |title=Birth Control that Prevents STIs |url=https://www.webmd.com/sex/birth-control/birth-control-to-prevent-stis-and-pregnancy |access-date=2025-05-28 |website=WebMD |language=en}}</ref> Ana amfani da maganin hana daukar ciki don hana daukar ciki. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Birth Control |url=https://medlineplus.gov/birthcontrol.html |access-date=2022-08-11 |website=medlineplus.gov}}</ref> Ita ce hanyar da mutane za su iya tsara iyali ta yadda za su sami adadin 'ya'yansu da suka dace da tazara da ake so. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Contraception |url=https://www.who.int/health-topics/contraception |access-date=2022-08-11 |website=www.who.int |language=en}}</ref> A cewar WHO, maganin hana daukar ciki yana taimakawa wajen rage rashin lafiyar uwa da kuma yawan mace-mace da ke da alaƙa da daukar ciki. Hakanan yana rage zubar da ciki mara aminci kuma yana rage yaduwar cutar HIV tsakanin uwa da yara. A cewar CDC, ma'aurata suna buƙatar la'akari da aminci, inganci, samuwa, da kuma karɓuwa lokacin zabar nau'in maganin hana daukar ciki. <ref name=":9">{{Cite web |date=2022-01-13 |title=Contraception {{!}} Reproductive Health {{!}} CDC |url=https://www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/contraception/index.htm |access-date=2022-08-11 |website=www.cdc.gov |language=en-us}}</ref> Wasu nau'ikan maganin hana daukar ciki kamar amfani da kwaroron roba na maza suma suna taimakawa wajen rage yaduwar cutar HIV da sauran cututtukan da ke shafar haihuwa yayin da wasu nau'ikan maganin hana daukar ciki kamar na'urorin ciki (IUDs) ba sa yi. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Brody |first=Barbara |title=Birth Control that Prevents STIs |url=https://www.webmd.com/sex/birth-control/birth-control-to-prevent-stis-and-pregnancy |access-date=2025-05-28 |website=WebMD |language=en}}</ref> Na'urorin ciki (IUDs) nau'in hana haihuwa ne da za a iya canzawa kuma ya haɗa da sanya ƙaramin na'urar T mai siffar T da aka yi da jan ƙarfe a cikin mahaifa. Yana fitar da ƙaramin adadin progestin kowace rana don kada mace ta yi ciki. Zai iya kasancewa daga shekaru 3-6 kuma yana da ƙarancin haɗarin kamuwa da cutar. <ref name=":9"/> Hanyoyin hana haihuwa na hormones sun haɗa da dashen hannu wanda ke fitar da progestin kuma ana iya amfani da shi na tsawon shekaru biyar, allura sau ɗaya a cikin watanni uku, haɗakar magungunan hana haihuwa ta baki, ƙwayar progestin kawai, faci, da zoben hana haihuwa ta hanyar farji. [ <ref name=":9" /> Hanyoyin hana haihuwa sun haɗa da diaphragm ko murfin mahaifa, soso, robar roba ta maza da mata, da kuma ƙwayoyin maniyyi. Ba za a yi amfani da maganin hana haihuwa na gaggawa akai-akai ba kuma yana hana daukar ciki bayan jima'i. Ya haɗa da maganin hana haihuwa ta jan ƙarfe da magungunan hana haihuwa na gaggawa. A ƙarshe, hanyoyin hana haihuwa na dindindin sune hana haihuwa ta mata da ake kira bututun ɗaurewa da kuma hana haihuwa ta maza da ake kira vasectomy. <ref name=":9" /> === Maganin hana haihuwa === Kwayoyin hana haihuwa (BC) ƙwayoyin hormones ne da ake sha ta baki waɗanda ke hana ƙwai na mace fitowa daga mahaifa yayin da take yin ovulation. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="Material near this tag needs references to reliable medical sources. (July 2023)">Ana buƙatar ambaton likita</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Illolin magungunan hana haihuwa sun haɗa da kuraje, zubar jini ko tabo tsakanin al'ada, kumburi, hawan jini, baƙin ciki, gajiya, jiri, riƙe ruwa, ciwon kai, ƙaruwar ci, rashin barci, melasma, canjin yanayi, tashin zuciya, ciwon nono da taushi, amai, da kuma ƙaruwar nauyi. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="Material near this tag needs references to reliable medical sources. (July 2023)">Ana buƙatar ambaton likita</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Haɗarin lafiya da ke tattare da BC sun haɗa da toshewar jini, cututtukan gallbladder, bugun zuciya, hawan jini, ciwon hanta, da bugun jini duk da cewa waɗannan ba kasafai ake samun su ba a cewar Planned Parenthood. <ref>{{Cite web |title=What Are the Side Effects of Birth Control Pills? |url=https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/birth-control-pill/what-are-the-disadvantages-of-the-pill |access-date=2022-08-11 |website=www.plannedparenthood.org |language=en}}</ref> Kwayoyin da ke ɗauke da Estrogen kuma suna ƙara yiwuwar samun toshewar jijiyoyin jini idan aka kwatanta da ƙwayoyin da ke ɗauke da progestin kawai. Suna ƙara haɗarin daga aukuwar toshewar jijiyoyin jini 2 zuwa 10 a cikin kowace mata 10,000 - shekaru zuwa aukuwar toshewar jijiyoyin jini 7 zuwa 10 a cikin kowace mata 10,000 - shekaru. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Teal |first=Stephanie |last2=Edelman |first2=Alison |date=2021-12-28 |title=Contraception Selection, Effectiveness, and Adverse Effects: A Review |journal=JAMA |volume=326 |issue=24 |pages=2507–2518 |doi=10.1001/jama.2021.21392 |issn=0098-7484 |pmid=34962522 |s2cid=245557522 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Hana haihuwa na iya shafar lafiyar kwakwalwa kuma akwai shaidar da ke nuna alaƙa tsakanin amfani da maganin hana haihuwa da kuma matsalolin yanayi. Wasu bincike sun gano alaƙa tsakanin amfani da maganin BC da kuma gano ɓacin rai a cikin matasa a rayuwa. Ana tsammanin tasirin yanayi ya faru ne saboda amsawar da ke tsakanin estrogen da progestin da sauran magungunan neurotransmitters masu alaƙa da yanayi kamar serotonin da dopamine. <ref name=":11">{{Cite journal |last=Hall |first=Kelli Stidham |last2=Steinberg |first2=Julia R. |last3=Cwiak |first3=Carrie A. |last4=Allen |first4=Rebecca H. |last5=Marcus |first5=Sheila M. |date=June 2015 |title=Contraception and Mental Health: A Commentary on the Evidence and Principles for Practice |journal=American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology |volume=212 |issue=6 |pages=740–746 |doi=10.1016/j.ajog.2014.12.010 |issn=0002-9378 |pmc=4457595 |pmid=25511241}}</ref> Bincike ya gano cewa masu amfani da maganin hana haihuwa na hormone suna da yawan baƙin ciki, damuwa, gajiya, alamun jijiyoyi, rikicewar jima'i, tilas, fushi, da mummunan tasirin haila. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Robinson |first=Stephen A. |last2=Dowell |first2=Matt |last3=Pedulla |first3=Dominic |last4=McCauley |first4=Larry |date=2004 |title=Do the emotional side-effects of hormonal contraceptives come from pharmacologic or psychological mechanisms? |journal=Medical Hypotheses |volume=63 |issue=2 |pages=268–273 |doi=10.1016/j.mehy.2004.02.013 |issn=0306-9877 |pmid=15236788}}</ref> Ga mata masu fama da matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwa, yana da kyau a yi magana da likitan tabin hankali kafin shan magungunan BC. <ref name=":6" /> Mata kuma za su iya amfana ta hanyar yin magana da mai ba da shawara. <ref name=":11" /> === Zubar da ciki === Alaƙar da ke tsakanin zubar da ciki da lafiyar kwakwalwa ta zama batun siyasa mai cike da ce-ce-ku-ce da kuma rikici a Amurka. Wasu mutane suna da'awar cewa zubar da ciki yana haifar da matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwa yayin da wasu kuma suka yarda cewa babu wata shaidar kimiyya da za ta goyi bayan wannan da'awar. Kalmar "ciwon zubar da ciki bayan zubar da ciki" an ƙirƙiro ta ne don nuna mummunan tasirin tunani bayan zubar da ciki. Alamomin sun dogara ne akan matsalar damuwa bayan tashin hankali; duk da haka, wannan ganewar ba ta cikin Ƙungiyar Ilimin Halayyar Dan Adam ta Amurka ba kuma ba ta cikin DSM. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-06-27 |title=Post-abortion syndrome: Symptoms, myths, and more |url=https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/post-abortion-syndrome |access-date=2022-08-10 |website=www.medicalnewstoday.com |language=en}}</ref> An tura wannan matsalar ta hanyar ƙungiyoyin masu goyon bayan rayuwa da Cibiyoyin Kula da Ciki na Crisis, waɗanda aka tsara don magance mata daga zubar da ciki. <ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Kelly K |date=February 2014 |title=The spread of 'Post Abortion Syndrome' as social diagnosis |journal=Social Science & Medicine |volume=102 |pages=18–25 |doi=10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.11.030 |pmid=24565137}}</ref> An gudanar da bincike da yawa don bincika alaƙar da ke tsakanin lafiyar kwakwalwa da zubar da ciki. Yawancin waɗannan nazarin suna da iyaka, kuma ba sa la'akari da tasirin canje-canje masu rikitarwa, ɗaya daga cikin manyan matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwa da suka riga suka kasance kafin zubar da ciki. Wani bita na tsari ya gano wani yanayi bayyananne da ke haɗa mafi kyawun bincike tare da sakamakon da ya nuna alaƙar tsaka tsaki, kuma binciken da aka fi yi yana gano alaƙa tsakanin zubar da ciki da mummunan tasirin lafiyar kwakwalwa. <ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Charles VE, Polis CB, Sridhara SK, Blum RW |date=December 2008 |title=Abortion and long-term mental health outcomes: a systematic review of the evidence |journal=Contraception |language=English |volume=78 |issue=6 |pages=436–450 |doi=10.1016/j.contraception.2008.07.005 |pmid=19014789}}</ref> Waɗannan binciken sun zama ruwan dare a cikin binciken da aka yi a baya kuma aka duba abubuwan da aka gano a baya kuma aka yi nazarin hanyoyinsu da sakamakonsu. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2023)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Binciken Turnaway shi ne bincike na farko da ya yi nazari sosai kan tasirin hana mata zubar da ciki. Mahalarta taron sun haɗa da mata kusan 100 da ke neman zubar da ciki daga wurare 30 a faɗin ƙasar. An gudanar da hirarraki tsawon shekaru 5, kuma an kwatanta matan da aka yi wa zubar da ciki da waɗanda aka kora saboda sun wuce ƙa'idar shekarun ɗaukar ciki a asibitoci. <ref name=":7" /> Wannan binciken bai sami wata alaƙa tsakanin zubar da ciki da mummunan tasirin lafiyar kwakwalwa ba. A zahiri, ya gano cewa kashi 95% na mata sun ba da rahoton cewa shawarar ita ce ta dace a gare su tsawon shekaru 5 bayan tiyatar. <ref name=":7">{{Cite web |title=The Turnaway Study |url=https://www.ansirh.org/research/ongoing/turnaway-study |access-date=2022-08-10 |website=ANSIRH |language=en}}</ref> Wannan binciken ya kuma nuna mummunan tasirin hana zubar da ciki da ake yi a fili ga lafiyar mata da kuma yanayin rayuwarsu. Wasu daga cikin waɗannan mummunan tasirin sun haɗa da kasancewa da yuwuwar zama tare da abokan hulɗa masu cin zarafi, kasancewa da yuwuwar fuskantar damuwa da rashin girman kai, da kuma mummunan tasiri ga yaran da aka haifa ta hanyar ɗaukar ciki da ba a so da kuma yaran da ke cikin iyali, idan akwai. <ref name=":7" /> === Lokacin bayan haihuwa === Lokacin haihuwa yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi girman adadin matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwa da ke da alaƙa da shi, inda kashi 85% na mata ke fuskantar matsalar yanayi. <ref name=":0"/> Rukunin cututtuka guda uku na yanzu da suka shafi haihuwa sun haɗa da ciwon mara bayan haihuwa, ciwon damuwa bayan haihuwa da kuma ciwon kwakwalwa bayan haihuwa. <ref name=":0" /> Yawancin mata suna fuskantar abin da aka sanya wa suna blues na bayan haihuwa, wanda galibi ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin mai sauƙi da gajere fiye da sauran cututtuka da ke da alaƙa da lokacin haihuwa. <ref name=":0"/> A lokacin blues na bayan haihuwa, mutum na iya fuskantar damuwa, rashin jin daɗi da canjin yanayi. <ref name=":13"/> Blues na bayan haihuwa ana ɗaukarsu a matsayin sakamako na yau da kullun kuma na al'ada na haihuwa, musamman a ƙasashen yamma inda akwai rashin tallafin al'umma da na iyali. <ref name=":13" /> Ana tsammanin damuwar haihuwa tare da canje-canje a matakan hormones yana taimakawa ga blues na bayan haihuwa da mutane da yawa ke fuskanta bayan haihuwa. <ref name=":13" /> Ana tsammanin blues na bayan haihuwa sun zama ruwan dare; duk da haka, idan sun wuce fiye da makonni 2, mutane na iya fuskantar haɗarin kamuwa da cututtuka masu tsanani na bayan haihuwa. <ref name=":13" /> Baƙin ciki bayan haihuwa (PDD) wata cuta ce ta tabin hankali da ake gani a lokacin haihuwa. PDD na iya faruwa a kowane lokaci bayan haihuwa amma galibi yana farawa watanni 2-3 bayan haihuwa. PDD kusan ba a iya bambance ta da baƙin ciki na yau da kullun; duk da haka, a cikin PDD, tunani da ji marasa kyau galibi suna kan jariri. <ref name=":13"/> Alamomin PDD sun haɗa da jin laifi da rashin iyawa, ƙarancin yanayi, gajiya, rashin maida hankali, damuwa da tunanin kashe kansa. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=MGH Center for Women's Mental Health |date=22 February 2008 |title=Postpartum Psychiatric Disorders |url=https://womensmentalhealth.org/specialty-clinics/postpartum-psychiatric-disorders/ |access-date=2022-08-10 |website=MGH Center for Women's Mental Health |language=en-US}}</ref> Canjin hormones, rashin gamsuwar aure, da rashin tallafin zamantakewa duk abubuwan ne da ke ba da gudummawa ga abubuwan da suka faru na PPD. <ref name=":0" /> Waɗanda ke da tarihin matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwa, kamar babban rashin kwanciyar hankali da rashin lafiya na bipolar, su ne suka fi fuskantar haɗarin kamuwa da PDD bayan haihuwa. <ref name=":0" /> Ciwon kwakwalwa bayan haihuwa (PP) shine cuta mafi wuya kuma mai tsanani da za a iya samu a lokacin haihuwa. <ref name=":13">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Rai S, Pathak A, Sharma I |date=July 2015 |title=Postpartum psychiatric disorders: Early diagnosis and management |journal=Indian Journal of Psychiatry |volume=57 |issue=Suppl 2 |pages=S216–S221 |doi=10.4103/0019-5545.161481 |pmc=4539865 |pmid=26330638 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Ciwon PP yana faruwa ba zato ba tsammani kuma yawanci ana lura da shi a cikin aƙalla makonni biyu na farko bayan haihuwa, kuma alamun na iya farawa da wuri kamar awanni 24-48 bayan haihuwa. <ref name=":0"/> Sauye-sauyen yanayi mai tsanani, kamar yadda ake gani a cikin matsalar bipolar, yawanci ana lura da su, da kuma halaye marasa kyau, ruɗani da imani na ruɗani game da jariri. Hakanan ana iya samun mafarkin ji wanda aka umurci uwa ta cutar da kanta ko ɗanta. <ref name=":0" /> <ref name=":13" /> Waɗanda ke da PP suna cikin haɗarin kashe kansu da kuma yiwuwar kashe jarirai kuma dole ne a yi musu magani a asibiti. Akwai albarkatu da ake da su ga waɗanda suka tsira daga PP da kuma waɗanda ke fama da PP. <ref>{{Cite web |title=MGH Postpartum Psychosis Project (MGHP3) |url=https://www.mghp3.org/ |access-date=2022-08-10 |website=Massachusetts Genera |language=en}}</ref> Sauran cututtukan bayan haihuwa sun haɗa da OCD bayan haihuwa, takamaiman matsalolin damuwa, da PTSD bayan haihuwa. Ana siffanta OCD bayan haihuwa da tunani mai zurfi da tilastawa game da lafiyar jariri da kuma [[Tunanin da ba a yarda da shi ba|tunanin da ke tsoma baki]] game da cutar da yaron. <ref name=":13"/> Ana kuma tsammanin cewa kashi 5.6% na mata suna nuna alamun PTSD bayan haihuwa, wanda za a iya siffanta shi da tunawa da haihuwa, mafarkai masu ban tsoro da tashin hankali kuma yana iya faruwa lokacin da aka sake ɗaukar ciki. <ref name=":13" /> Ciwon daji na haihuwa wani lamari ne mai yuwuwa da ke da alaƙa da lokacin bayan haihuwa, inda uwaye ke cikin damuwa sosai kuma suna damuwa game da lafiya da amincin ɗansu. <ref name=":13" /> === Lokacin haila da kuma lokacin menopause === Perimenopause shine lokacin da jinin haila na wata-wata na mace ya fara raguwa a ƙarshen shekarunta na 40 da farkon shekarunta na 50. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mental Health Concerns During the Perimenopause {{!}} UPMC in Central Pa. |url=https://www.upmc.com/services/south-central-pa/women/services/behavioral-health/conditions/perimenopause |access-date=2022-08-11 |website=UPMC {{!}} Life Changing Medicine |language=en}}</ref> Perimenopause yana ƙara haɗarin alamun da ke shafar lafiyar kwakwalwa kuma yana iya ƙara ta'azzara cututtukan kwakwalwa da aka gano a baya. Babban shaida shine sake dawowa da wanzuwar baƙin ciki. Bincike ya kuma gano cewa mata masu fama da matsalar bipolar sun fi fuskantar yanayin damuwa a lokacin perimenopause. Perimenopause kuma yana faruwa ne lokacin da mata ke fuskantar haɗarin kamuwa da cutar schizophrenia. Wasu mata kuma suna nuna ƙaruwar alamun damuwa. <ref name=":6" /> Menopause shine lokacin da jinin mace ya tsaya kuma ba zai iya ɗaukar ciki ba ta hanyar halitta. Wannan yana faruwa ne lokacin da ƙwai na mace suka tsufa kuma ba su iya samar da hormones da ake buƙata don haihuwa ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Menopause |url=https://www.mentalhealth.org.uk/explore-mental-health/a-z-topics/menopause |access-date=2022-08-11 |website=www.mentalhealth.org.uk |language=en}}</ref> A lokacin menopause, yawan baƙin ciki yana ninkawa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-03-01 |title=Menopause and mental health |url=https://www.health.harvard.edu/womens-health/menopause-and-mental-health |access-date=2022-08-11 |website=Harvard Health |language=en}}</ref> Akwai wasu shaidu da ke nuna cewa mata suna da yuwuwar samun hare-haren tsoro a lokacin menopause. Duk da haka, akwai wasu matsaloli wajen bambance hare-haren tsoro da walƙiya mai zafi waɗanda sune alamun gama gari na menopause. Mata da yawa kuma suna fuskantar matsalolin barci. <ref name=":14">{{Cite web |title=Menopause and your mental wellbeing |url=https://www.nhsinform.scot/healthy-living/womens-health/later-years-around-50-years-and-over/menopause-and-post-menopause-health/menopause-and-your-mental-wellbeing |access-date=2022-08-11 |website=www.nhsinform.scot |language=en}}</ref> Zaɓuɓɓukan magani sun haɗa da magungunan rage radadi idan an gano suna da baƙin ciki. Sauran zaɓuɓɓukan da ke taimakawa sune cin abinci mai kyau, motsa jiki da kuma yin yoga. <ref name=":14" /> === Rashin daidaito a fannin kula da lafiyar kwakwalwa === Ba wai kawai akwai bambancin jinsi ba idan ana maganar matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwa - mata sun ninka yiwuwar kamuwa da cututtukan kwakwalwa fiye da maza, <ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Weissman MM, Olfson M |date=August 1995 |title=Depression in women: implications for health care research |journal=Science |volume=269 |issue=5225 |pages=799–801 |bibcode=1995Sci...269..799W |doi=10.1126/science.7638596 |pmid=7638596 |s2cid=21510901}}</ref> amma akwai kuma rashin daidaito tsakanin mata fararen fata da mata fararen fata idan ana maganar samun kulawar lafiyar kwakwalwa. A shekarar 2017, mata masu launin fata sun ba da rahoton jin rashin amfani, rashin bege da baƙin ciki kusan sau biyu fiye da mata fararen fata. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mental and Behavioral Health - African Americans - The Office of Minority Health |url=https://minorityhealth.hhs.gov/mental-and-behavioral-health-blackafrican-americans |access-date=2022-08-10 |website=www.minorityhealth.hhs.gov}}</ref> Akwai yiwuwar a gano mutanen da ba su da launin fata da kuma mata masu launin fata ba daidai ba musamman kuma a rubuta musu magungunan rage radadi a mafi yawan lokuta, <ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Aggarwal NK, Rosenheck RA, Woods SW, Sernyak MJ |date=April 2012 |title=Race and long-acting antipsychotic prescription at a community mental health center: a retrospective chart review |journal=The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry |volume=73 |issue=4 |pages=513–517 |doi=10.4088/JCP.11m07161 |pmc=3885178 |pmid=22579151}}</ref> saboda wariyar launin fata da kuma nuna wariya a tsarin kiwon lafiya na Amurka <ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Bridges KM |date=2017 |title=Implicit Bias and Racial Disparities in Health Care |url=https://www.americanbar.org/groups/crsj/publications/human_rights_magazine_home/the-state-of-healthcare-in-the-united-states/racial-disparities-in-health-care/ |journal=Human Rights |publisher=American Bar |volume=43 |page=73 |access-date=2022-08-10}}</ref> Wariyar launin fata mata masu launin fata ita ma ta ƙara wa wannan rashin daidaiton, tare da ra'ayin "mata baƙar fata masu ƙarfi <nowiki>"</nowiki> wanda ke haifar da shinge ga mutane da yawa waɗanda za su amfana daga magungunan lafiyar kwakwalwa. <ref name=":22">{{Cite web |date=2021-05-13 |title=For Women of Color, Getting Proper Mental Health Treatment Is a Challenge |url=https://www.shondaland.com/live/body/a36410342/for-women-of-color-getting-proper-mental-health-treatment-is-a-challenge/ |access-date=2022-08-10 |website=Shondaland |language=en-US |archive-date=2022-10-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221003134409/https://www.shondaland.com/live/body/a36410342/for-women-of-color-getting-proper-mental-health-treatment-is-a-challenge/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> 'Yan Asiya Amurka suma suna fuskantar shinge, kuma an nuna cewa ba su da sau uku da za su nemi maganin lafiyar kwakwalwa fiye da takwarorinsu fararen fata a Amurka <ref>{{Cite web |title=Asian American / Pacific Islander Communities and Mental Health |url=https://www.mhanational.org/issues/asian-american-pacific-islander-communities-and-mental-health |access-date=2022-08-10 |website=Mental Health America |language=en}}</ref> Wani abin da ke ƙara rashin daidaito a kula da lafiyar kwakwalwa shine rashin masu samar da POC. Bayanan APA da aka buga a 2020 sun nuna cewa ƙasa da kashi 5% na masu samar da lafiyar kwakwalwa baƙar fata ne, 4% 'yan Asiya Amurka ne kuma 4% 'yan Hispanic ne kuma kashi 2% ne kawai na masu tabin hankali baƙar fata ne. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=American Psychological Association |date=2020 |title=Psychology's workforce is becoming more diverse. |url=https://www.apa.org/monitor/2020/11/datapoint-diverse |journal=APA Monitor on Psychology |volume=51 |pages=11–19 |access-date=2022-08-10}}</ref> Bayanan launin fata na masu samar da magunguna bai yi daidai da bambancin launin fata na Amurka ba wanda ke ƙara wa rashin daidaito da son zuciya na mutanen da ba su da launin fata musamman mata masu launin fata za su iya fuskanta lokacin ƙoƙarin neman taimakon lafiyar kwakwalwa. <ref name=":22" /> == Matsalolin haihuwa == === Matsalolin da ke tattare da ciki ga mata masu PCOS === Ɗaya daga cikin mata goma da suka kai shekarun haihuwa a Amurka tana fama da cutar Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). <ref name=":72">{{Cite web |date=2016-11-29 |title=Polycystic ovary syndrome |url=https://www.womenshealth.gov/a-z-topics/polycystic-ovary-syndrome |access-date=2021-04-21 |website=womenshealth.gov |language=en}}</ref> Matan da ke da wannan yanayin suna cikin haɗarin fuskantar matsaloli yayin daukar ciki. <ref name=":02">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Palomba S, de Wilde MA, Falbo A, Koster MP, La Sala GB, Fauser BC |date=2015-09-01 |title=Pregnancy complications in women with polycystic ovary syndrome |journal=Human Reproduction Update |volume=21 |issue=5 |pages=575–592 |doi=10.1093/humupd/dmv029 |pmid=26117684 |doi-access=free}}</ref> PCOS cuta ce ta lafiya wacce ta ƙunshi hyperandrogegism, gazawar ovarian da kuma polycystic ovary morphology (PCOM). <ref name=":02" /> Rashin daidaiton hormonal da PCOS ke haifarwa na iya sa ƙwai ya girma yadda ya kamata ko kuma ya sake shi kamar yadda zai faru a lokacin ovulation a cikin kyakkyawan zagayowar al'ada. <ref name=":72" /> A baya, binciken PCOS ya mayar da hankali kan ganewar asali, alamu, da tasirin kamar rashin haihuwa . <ref name=":02" /> Ba a yi bincike sosai game da rikitarwa ba fiye da yadda mace mai PCOS za ta iya haifarwa idan ta yi ciki. <ref name=":02" /> Wannan yanayi ne mai matukar muhimmanci da za a magance domin yana iya yin babban tasiri ga rayuwar waɗanda aka gano suna da PCOS. <ref name=":02" /> A halin yanzu, a Amurka yana iya kashe kusan dala miliyan huɗu na tsarin kiwon lafiya don kula da mata masu PCOS, saboda wasu cututtuka da PCOS zai iya haifarwa, ciki har da: [[Cutar zuciya|cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini]] ; [[Hawan jini|hawan]] jini da ke haifar da ciki da kuma pre-eclampsia ; [[Barin ciki|zubar da ciki]] ; rashin haihuwa; da kuma [[Nau'in ciwon sukari na 2|ciwon suga na nau'in 2.]] <ref name=":02" /> ] An kuma gudanar da wasu bincike game da sakamakon lafiyar 'ya'yan da aka haifa ga uwaye masu fama da PCOS. Sakamakon ya tabbatar da cewa ya haɗa da juna, amma ana tsammanin suna cikin haɗarin kamuwa da [[Cutar zuciya|matsalar zuciya da jijiyoyin jini]] da kuma matsalar endocrine . <ref name=":02" /> === Fasahar haihuwa mai taimako === Rashin haihuwa matsala ce da ke ƙara zama ruwan dare a tsakanin mata masu shekaru na haihuwa. <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Szamatowicz M |date=2016 |title=Assisted reproductive technology in reproductive medicine - possibilities and limitations |journal=Ginekologia Polska |volume=87 |issue=12 |pages=820–823 |doi=10.5603/GP.2016.0095 |pmid=28098933 |doi-access=free}}</ref> CDC ta kiyasta cewa kashi 6% na mata masu shekaru 15 zuwa 44 a Amurka ba za su iya ɗaukar ciki ba bayan shekara guda da suka yi gwaji. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=2019-06-06 |title=Infertility {{!}} Reproductive Health {{!}} CDC |url=https://www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/infertility/index.htm |access-date=2021-04-07 |website=www.cdc.gov |language=en-us}}</ref> Tare da magani da tiyata, wata hanyar da ake bi wajen magance rashin haihuwa ita ce fasahar haihuwa mai taimako (ART). ART ta bayyana kowace hanya da ake amfani da ƙwai da amfrayo a wajen jikin mace, wanda hadi a cikin fitsari (IVF) shine nau'in da ya fi yawa. <ref name=":3" /> A shekarar 2015, kashi 1.7% na dukkan haihuwa da rai a Amurka sakamakon ART ne. <ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Hilbert SM, Gunderson S |date=May 2019 |title=Complications of Assisted Reproductive Technology |journal=Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America |volume=37 |issue=2 |pages=239–249 |doi=10.1016/j.emc.2019.01.005 |pmid=30940369 |s2cid=92997874}}</ref> Duk da cewa wannan hanyar ɗaukar ciki tana ƙara zama ruwan dare, har yanzu batu ne mai sarkakiya da muhawara. <ref name=":2" /> ART tana da alaƙa da sakamako masu illa da yawa na lafiya, gami da ƙaruwar haɗarin lahani na haihuwa, da kuma ƙaruwar haɗarin preeclampsia na mata da kashi 1.71. <ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Zhao J, Yan Y, Huang X, Li Y |date=January 2020 |title=Do the children born after assisted reproductive technology have an increased risk of birth defects? A systematic review and meta-analysis |journal=The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine |volume=33 |issue=2 |pages=322–333 |doi=10.1080/14767058.2018.1488168 |pmid=30189770 |s2cid=52167625}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Almasi-Hashiani A, Omani-Samani R, Mohammadi M, Amini P, Navid B, Alizadeh A, Khedmati Morasae E, Maroufizadeh S |date=May 2019 |title=Assisted reproductive technology and the risk of preeclampsia: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis |journal=BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth |volume=19 |issue=1 |doi=10.1186/s12884-019-2291-x |pmc=6498659 |pmid=31046710 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Yawan nasarar ART yana inganta amma ya bambanta sosai kuma ya dogara ne da shekaru. <ref name=":3" /> Misali, ga mata 'yan ƙasa da shekara 35, matsakaicin nasarar da aka samu a fannin ART a shekarar 2015 ya kasance kashi 31% idan aka kwatanta da kashi 16% ga waɗanda suka kai shekaru 38-40, da kuma kashi 3% ga waɗanda suka haura shekaru 44. <ref name=":3" /> === Rashin haihuwa, rashin ciki, raunin haihuwa, da kuma haihuwar 'ya'ya === Rashin haihuwa yanayi ne na lafiya wanda mace ba za ta iya ɗaukar ciki ba bayan shekara guda ta yi ƙoƙari, ko kuma watanni 6 ga mace mai shekaru sama da 35. Mata kuma za a iya ɗaukar su marasa haihuwa idan sun yi ciki amma ba za su iya ɗaukar ciki ba. Wannan yanayin yana shafar kusan kashi 10 cikin 100 na mata a Amurka. Baya ga waɗannan matan, maza kuma suna fuskantar matsala da rashin haihuwa. A cewar Ofishin Lafiyar Mata "Kashi ɗaya bisa uku na matsalolin haihuwa suna faruwa ne saboda namiji." <ref>{{Cite web |last=Anon |title=Infertility |url=https://womenshealth.gov/a-z-topics/infertility |website=womenshealth.org |publisher=Office on Women's Health}}</ref> Dangane da ko rashin haihuwa ya faru ne ta hanyar namiji ko mace kuma yana canza dalilin da yasa rashin haihuwa ke faruwa. Akwai dalilai daban-daban da ke sa rashin haihuwa ke faruwa. Ga yawancin mata rashin haihuwa yana faruwa ne sakamakon matsalolin ovulation, shekaru, matsalolin bututu, matsalolin ovaries, matsalolin mahaifa, da fibroids na mahaifa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Infertility |url=https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/infertility |website=who.int |publisher=World Health Organization}}</ref> Yawancin maza suna fuskantar dalilai kamar varicocele, ƙirƙirar maniyyi kaɗan ko babu, matsalolin hormonal, da motsi ko siffar maniyyi. Babban abin da ke ƙara haifar da rashin haihuwa shine shekaru. Mata da yawa suna zaɓar jira kafin su yi ciki har zuwa shekaru 30 zuwa 40. Wannan shine dalilin rashin haihuwa saboda ƙwai da mace ke da shi na iya zama marasa lafiya kuma adadin ƙwai da mace ta bari ƙanana ne kafin shekaru 35. Dangane da dalilin rashin haihuwa, ana iya magance yawancin lokuta. Illolin rashin haihuwa da dama, rashin ciki, raunin haihuwa, da haihuwa suna haifar da matsaloli iri-iri na lafiya ga mata. A Amurka, kimanin mutum 1 cikin 5 (19%) ba sa iya ɗaukar ciki bayan shekara guda da ƙoƙarin ɗaukar ciki. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-03-03 |title=Infertility {{!}} Reproductive Health {{!}} CDC |url=https://www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/infertility/index.htm |access-date=2022-08-12 |website=www.cdc.gov |language=en-us}}</ref> Wani bincike mai inganci a Iran ya tantance sakamakon motsin rai da tunani na rashin haihuwa kuma ya kammala da cewa ya haifar da damuwa ta tunani kuma ya haifar da baƙin ciki a cikin wani ɓangare na mata. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Seyede Batool Hasanpoor-Azghdy |year=2014 |title=The emotional-psychological consequences of infertility among infertile women seeking treatment: Results of a qualitative study |journal=NCBI |volume=12 |issue=2 |pages=131–138 |pmc=4009564 |pmid=24799871}}</ref> Wani bincike mai ƙima da Jami'ar Penn ta gudanar ya danganta alaƙar da ke tsakanin rashin haihuwa da mace-mace. Binciken ya nuna cewa mata masu tarihin rashin haihuwa suna da haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kansa da kashi 20 cikin ɗari, gami da haɗarin mutuwa daga cutar kansar mama da ciwon suga. <ref>{{Cite web |date=November 1, 2017 |title=Infertility Linked to Higher Risk of Death Among Women |url=https://www.pennmedicine.org/news/news-releases/2017/november/infertility-linked-to-higher-risk-of-death-among-women |access-date=2023-03-22 |website=www.pennmedicine.org}}</ref> rashin ciki ko zubar da ciki na iya haifar da haɗarin matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwa da/ko na jiki. Rashin haihuwa na iya haifar da haɗarin hawan jini, cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, da ciwon suga na nau'in 2. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kelvin Okoth |year=2022 |title=Long term miscarriage-related hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Evidence from a United Kingdom population-based cohort study |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=17 |issue=1 |bibcode=2022PLoSO..1761769O |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0261769 |pmc=8782476 |pmid=35061706 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Kimanin kashi 3% kuma suna fama da cututtuka bayan zubar ciki. Damuwa da rikice-rikicen damuwa sune manyan matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwa da ke tasowa bayan rashin juna biyu. A yanayin haihuwa, wasu raunuka na iya faruwa. Wasu mata da suka fuskanci mummunan yanayi a lokacin daukar ciki suna fuskantar matsalar damuwa bayan haihuwa (PTSD) wanda ake daukarsa a matsayin wani nau'in matsalar damuwa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=PTSD and birth trauma |url=https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/types-of-mental-health-problems/postnatal-depression-and-perinatal-mental-health/ptsd-and-birth-trauma/ |access-date=2022-08-12 |website=www.mind.org.uk |language=en}}</ref> Idan aka haifi 'ya'ya daidai gwargwado, wasu matsalolin lafiya na iya tasowa. Kimanin kashi 16% na ciki a shekarar 2019 suna da matsalar hawan jini. Jimillar mace-macen ciki yana karuwa a tsawon lokaci kuma adadin mace-macen da suka shafi daukar ciki ga mata bakar fata ya ninka na mata fararen fata sau uku. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-06-23 |title=Pregnancy Mortality Surveillance System {{!}} Maternal and Infant Health {{!}} CDC |url=https://www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/maternal-mortality/pregnancy-mortality-surveillance-system.htm |access-date=2022-08-12 |website=www.cdc.gov |language=en-us}}</ref> Manyan dalilai guda 5 da ke haifar da mutuwar ciki sun hada da cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini (16.2%), kamuwa da cuta ko sepsis (13.9%), ciwon zuciya (12.5%), zubar jini (11.0%), toshewar huhu ko wasu embolism (9.4%). Jimillar mace-macen ciki, rauni, haihuwa, da rashin haihuwa na iya samun matsaloli iri-iri na tunani da na jiki. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2023)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Maganin rashin haihuwa na iya zama mai sauƙi ko mai yawa. Wasu mata suna buƙatar magani ɗaya ko biyu kawai yayin da wasu kuma na iya buƙatar magani mai yawa wanda zai iya ɗaukar watanni. Maganin mata sun haɗa da magungunan haihuwa, yin haihuwa a cikin mahaifa, da tiyata don dawo da hadi. Maganin maza na iya haɗawa da canje-canje a salon rayuwa, magunguna, tiyata, ko hanyoyin dawo da maniyyi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Infertility |url=https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/infertility/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20354322 |website=mayoclinic.org |publisher=Mayo Clinic}}</ref> Ɗaya daga cikin manyan hanyoyin taimako shine Hadin In Vitro. Wannan tsari ya haɗa da dawo da ƙwai, yin taki a wajen mahaifa, sannan a mayar da shi cikin mahaifa don haɓaka girma. Akwai ƙaruwar adadin wannan nau'in taimakon a Amurka kowace shekara. == Cututtukan da ake kamuwa da su ta hanyar jima'i == Manufar lafiyar gwamnatin Amurka ta hanyar Hukumar Lafiyar Jama'a ta Amurka ita ce rage yawan kamuwa da [[Cutar da ake kamuwa ta jima'i|cututtukan da ake dauka ta hanyar jima'i]] daga shekarun 1980 zuwa yau. <ref name="Testing for STDs">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Mosher WD, Aral SO |date=October 1991 |title=Testing for sexually transmitted diseases among women of reproductive age: United States, 1988 |journal=Family Planning Perspectives |volume=23 |issue=5 |pages=216–221 |doi=10.2307/2135756 |jstor=2135756 |pmid=1743274}}</ref> Cibiyar Kula da Cututtuka ita ce ke da alhakin bincike da yawa kan batun Cututtukan da ake dauka ta hanyar jima'i da kuma tasirin Cututtukan da ake dauka ta hanyar jima'i ga mata da 'yan mata. <ref name="Something we'd not talk about">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Friedman AL, Bloodgood B |date=October 2010 |title="something we'd rather not talk about": findings from CDC exploratory research on sexually transmitted disease communication with girls and women |url=https://zenodo.org/record/1235277 |journal=Journal of Women's Health |volume=19 |issue=10 |pages=1823–1831 |doi=10.1089/jwh.2010.1961 |pmid=20929416}}</ref> CDC ta bayyana cututtukan da ake dauka ta hanyar jima'i a matsayin "cututtukan da za ku iya samu daga yin jima'i da wanda ke dauke da cutar". <ref name="CDC Women's Reproductive Health" /> Akwai nau'ikan cututtukan da ake dauka ta hanyar jima'i sama da ashirin da ake iya ganowa ta hanyar kwayoyin cuta, kwayoyin cuta, ko ƙwayoyin cuta. <ref name="CDC Women's Reproductive Health">{{Cite web |last=Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion |title=Women's Reproductive Health |url=https://www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/WomensRH/index.htm |access-date=25 October 2014 |website=www.cdc.gov}}</ref> A cikin shekara guda a Amurka akwai kimanin mutane miliyan 12 da ke kamuwa da cututtukan da ake dauka ta hanyar jima'i. Daga cikin wadannan mutane miliyan 12 akwai mutane miliyan 1.5 da ke kamuwa da cutar gonorrhea, mutane 500,000 da ke kamuwa da cutar herpes ta al'aura, da kuma mutane 110,000 da ke kamuwa da cutar syphilis. <ref name="Testing for STDs" /> Mata da maza a Amurka suna fama da annobar cututtukan da ake dauka ta hanyar jima'i. Duk da haka, mata suna da mummunan martani ga wasu cututtukan da ake dauka ta hanyar jima'i fiye da maza. Mummunan tasirin STDs ga mata ga lafiyarsu na iya haɗawa da cutar kumburin ƙashin ƙugu (PIV), ciki mai kama da mahaifa, ciwon ƙashin ƙugu na yau da kullun, rashin haihuwa, kamuwa da cuta ta tayi da haihuwa, rikitarwa ga ciki, asarar tayi, ciwon mahaifa, da ƙaruwar haɗarin ɗaukar ciki a cikin mahaifa, jinkirin girma a cikin mahaifa da haihuwa kafin lokacin haihuwa. <ref name="Testing for STDs" /> <ref name="Something we'd not talk about" /> Mata a Amurka ba sa neman magani ga STDs saboda dalilai daban-daban. Wasu STDs ba sa nuna alamun rashin lafiya ga mata <ref name="Testing for STDs" /> don haka mata ba sa neman magani ga STDs fiye da maza. Kamar yawancin batutuwan lafiya, akwai gibi da ke akwai wajen fahimtar cututtukan cututtuka a cikin mata idan aka kwatanta da maza. Mata ba sa samun isasshen bayani game da yawan kamuwa da STDs da kuma alamun STDs. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2023)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Kamar yadda yake a cikin tsarin hana haihuwa a Amurka, akwai wata kyama da ke hana mata koyo game da duk wani nau'in cututtukan da za a iya kamuwa da su ta hanyar jima'i da kuma maganinsu. Wani bincike da Mujallar Lafiyar Mata ta gudanar ya gano cewa cututtukan da za a iya kamuwa da su ta hanyar jima'i a matsayin wani batu da mata ba za su so su yi magana a kai ba. <ref name="Something we'd not talk about"/> <ref name="Something we'd not talk about" /> Ƙyamar da ke tattare da cututtukan da za a iya kamuwa da su ta hanyar jima'i a Amurka tana hana mata tattauna batun ko da a tsakanin cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya, abokai na kud da kud, abokan hulɗa, da dangi. Mata matasa ba su fahimci haɗarin da cututtukan da za a iya kamuwa da su ta hanyar jima'i za su iya haifar musu ba. Misali, Chlamydia yana ɗaya daga cikin cututtukan da suka fi shafar mata da maza a Amurka. <ref name="pmid4020783">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Judson FN |date=March 1985 |title=Assessing the number of genital chlamydial infections in the United States |journal=The Journal of Reproductive Medicine |volume=30 |issue=3 Suppl |pages=269–72 |doi= |pmid=4020783}}</ref> Mata ba sa bin shawarar da aka bayar cewa a yi wa mutane gwajin cutar Chlamydia aƙalla sau ɗaya a shekara. <ref name="Something we'd not talk about" /> Yawancin mata ba su ma san wani bayani game da Chlamydia a matsayin STD ba banda gaskiyar cewa ana iya warkar da shi. <ref name="Something we'd not talk about" /> Gwajin STD ya fi tasiri wajen gano cututtukan STD a cikin mata, amma mata a Amurka ba sa amfani da shi sosai ta hanyar samun damar zuwa asibitocin tsara iyali, yana ƙara yiwuwar mata su nemi da kuma amfani da gwajin STD. <ref name="Testing for STDs"/> Gwajin wani nau'i ne na gwada mutanen da ke da lafiya ko waɗanda ke da alamun cutar STD don tantance yawan kamuwa da cutar STD. Ƙungiyar Kula da Yara ta Amurka ta Planned Parenthood Federation of America tana da asibitoci a faɗin Amurka don manufar tantance cututtukan STD da sauran ayyukan tsara iyali. Planned Parenthood ta ba da shawarar cewa mata masu jima'i su gwada cututtukan STD aƙalla kowace shekara. <ref name="Testing for STDs" /> Wani bincike da Jaridar Lafiya ta Mata ta gudanar ya gano buƙatar yaƙin neman ilimi kan gwajin STD da ke niyya ga mata matasa masu jima'i. <ref name="Something we'd not talk about"/> [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] gfy2c5zd30ro867lou1bysyi9rsab7r 0 156760 878741 861752 2026-07-07T23:41:06Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878741 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Lukas Sandell''' (an haife shi a ranar 3 ga Fabrairu, 1997) ɗan wasan ƙwallon hannu ne na ƙasar Sweden ga Rhein-Neckar Löwen da kuma ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Sweden . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Selby |first=Ola |date=16 January 2021 |title=Sandell: "Här för att göra det jag är bra på" |trans-title=Sandell: "I'm here to do, what I do best |url=https://handbollskanalen.se/landslag-herrar/sandell-har-for-att-gora-det-jag-ar-bra-pa/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210209074748/https://handbollskanalen.se/landslag-herrar/sandell-har-for-att-gora-det-jag-ar-bra-pa/ |archive-date=9 February 2021 |access-date=30 January 2021 |language=SV |agency=handbollskanalen.se}}</ref> == Sana'a == Sandell ya fara buga ƙwallon hannu a Eslövs HF. A shekarar 2013 ya koma Ystads IF HF . <ref>{{Cite web |title=33 Lukas Sandell |url=https://www.handbollslandslaget.se/spelare/lukassandell/ |access-date=20 June 2021 |website=handbollslandslaget.se |publisher=[[Sweden national handball team]]}}</ref> Ya fara buga wa babbar ƙungiyar wasa a shekarar 2015, inda ya yi wasa da Kim Andersson a matsayin ɗan wasan baya na dama. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Statistik 2014/15 |url=https://handballstats.se/stat_sve/statistics/statistics.aspx?y=2014 |access-date=20 June 2021 |publisher=handballstats.se |language=sv |archive-date=5 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705125201/https://handballstats.se/stat_sve/statistics/statistics.aspx?y=2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref> In 2018 he transferred to Norwegian team Elverum Håndball.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Uppgifter: Lukas Sandell flyttar till Elverum |trans-title=Lukas Sandell moves to Elverum |url=https://handbollskanalen.se/norge/uppgifter-lukas-sandell-har-skrivit-pa-elverum/ |access-date=20 June 2021 |publisher=handbollskanalen.se |language=sv}}</ref> Here he won the Norwegian championship in 2019 and 2020 and the Norwegian cup in 2019 and 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Elverum zum zweiten Mal norwegischer Pokalsieger |trans-title=Elverum are Norwegian champions for the second time |url=https://www.handball-world.news/o.red.r/news-1-1-3-110898.html |access-date=20 June 2021 |publisher=handball-world.news |language=de |archive-date=24 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624203406/https://www.handball-world.news/o.red.r/news-1-1-3-110898.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Elverum und Kristiansand gewinnen Pokalfinals in Norwegen |trans-title=Elverum and Kristiansand wins the cup finals in Norway |url=https://www.handball-world.news/o.red.r/news-1-1-3-121149.html |access-date=20 June 2021 |publisher=handball-world.news |language=de}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Elverum gelingt erfolgreiche Titelverteidigung |url=https://www.handball-world.news/o.red.r/news-1-1-3-115248.html |access-date=20 June 2021 |publisher=handball-world.news |language=de}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Elverum seriemester to runder før slutt |trans-title=Elverum are league champions with two rounds to go |url=https://www.handball.no/nyheter/2020/03/elverum-seriemester-to-runder-for-slutt/ |access-date=20 June 2021 |publisher=handball.no |language=no}}</ref> A shekarar 2020 ya shiga ƙungiyar Denmark ta Aalborg Håndbold . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Vier Abgänge in die HBL: Der Kader von Aalborg Haandbold für die Saison 2020/21 |url=https://www.handball-world.news/o.red.r/news-1-1-3-125653.html |access-date=20 June 2021 |publisher=handball-world.news |language=de}}</ref> A kakarsa ta farko a ƙungiyar, ya kai wasan ƙarshe na gasar zakarun Turai, inda Aalborg ta sha kashi a hannun FC Barcelona da ci 23-36. <ref>{{Cite web |title="Wundervoll": FC Barcelona zum zehnten Mal die Besten in Europa |url=https://www.handball-world.news/o.red.r/news-1-1-3-132596.html |access-date=19 June 2021 |publisher=handball-world.news |language=de}}</ref> Kwanaki kaɗan bayan haka ya lashe wasan ƙarshe na gasar zakarun Denmark. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Aalborg er dansk mester |trans-title=Aalborg are Danish Champions |url=https://sport.tv2.dk/haandbold/2021-06-16-aalborg-er-dansk-mester |access-date=19 June 2021 |website=sport.tv2.dk |publisher=[[TV2 Danmark]] |language=da}}</ref> A shekarar 2023 ya shiga ONE Veszprém . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Zwei Olympiasieger, Europameister, EM-Zweiter: Telekom Veszprem präsentiert vier Neuzugänge für 2023 |url=https://www.handball-world.news/o.red.r/news-1-1-3-143237.html |access-date=2022-06-23 |publisher=www.handball-world.news |language=de}}</ref> A nan ya lashe Kofin Hungary da kuma Super Globe na Maza na IHF a shekarar 2024. === Tawagar ƙasa === Sandell ya fara buga wa tawagar ƙasar Sweden wasa a gasar cin kofin ƙwallon hannu ta maza ta duniya ta 2021 a wasan da suka yi da Macedonia. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Matchguide: Sverige–Nordmakedonien |trans-title=Match Guide Sweden North Macedonia |url=https://www.handbollslandslaget.se/herr/matchguide-sverige-nordmakedonien-2/ |access-date=20 June 2021 |publisher=handbollskanalen.se |language=sv}}</ref> A nan ya lashe lambar azurfa tare da ƙungiyar Sweden. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Palicka och Solberg inför finalen |url=https://www.handbollslandslaget.se/herr/palicka-och-solberg-infor-finalen/ |access-date=19 June 2021 |publisher=handbollskanalen.se |language=sv}}</ref> A Gasar Cin Kofin Turai ta 2022, ya lashe lambobin zinare tare da Sweden. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sweden 2022 |url=https://ehfeuro.eurohandball.com/men/2022/teams/details/u2UA_11fSK5vcURmh111Fw/sweden/ |access-date=2023-01-23 |website=eurohandball.com |publisher=[[European Handball Federation]] |language=en}}</ref> == Nasarorin == * '''Gasar Zakarun Turai ta EHF''' ** ''Na biyu: 2021'' * <nowiki><b id="mwaA">IHF Super Globe</b></nowiki> ** ''Wanda ya yi nasara: 2024'' ** ''Lambobin yabo na tagulla: 2021'' * '''Gasar ƙwallon hannu ta Denmark''' ** ''Wanda ya yi nasara:'' 2021 ** ''Na biyu:'' 2022, 2023 * '''Kofin Kwallon Hannu na Denmark :''' ** ''Wanda ya yi nasara:'' 2021 ** ''Na biyu:'' 2020 * '''Kofin Super na Denmark''' ** ''Wanda ya yi nasara:'' 2020, 2021, 2022 * '''Gasar Norway''' ** ''Wanda ya yi nasara:'' 2019, 2020 * '''Kofin Norway''' ** ''Wanda ya yi nasara:'' 2018, 2019 * '''Kofin Hungary''' ** ''Wanda ya yi nasara:'' 2024 == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1997]] nmjxc1c5dfas9cebcj3j1l82kll9q6b 0 157913 878675 861720 2026-07-07T21:11:36Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878675 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Livingstone''' is a city in Southern Province, [[Zambiya|Zambia]]. Lying 10&nbsp;km (6&nbsp;mi) to the north of the [[Kogin Zambezi|Zambezi River]], it is a [[Yawon bude ido|tourist attraction]] due to its proximity to the [[Faɗuwar ruwan Victoria|Victoria Falls]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Livingstone |url=https://www.zambia.travel/explore/towns-and-cities/livingstone/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210524140150/https://www.zambia.travel/explore/towns-and-cities/livingstone/ |archive-date=2021-05-24 |access-date=2021-05-24 |website=Zambia Let's Explore |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Livingstone Information |url=https://www.livingstone-info.org/town/info |access-date=2020-06-05 |website=www.livingstone-info.org |archive-date=2020-06-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200605175043/https://www.livingstone-info.org/town/info |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Victoria Falls |url=https://www.zambiatourism.com/destinations/waterfalls/victoria-falls/ |access-date=2021-05-17 |website=Zambia Tourism |language=en-US}}</ref> and its road and rail connections to [[Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe|Victoria Falls]], [[Zimbabwe]], the resort town on the opposite side of the falls. A historic [[Daular Biritaniya|British colonial]] city, its present population was enumerated at 177,393 inhabitants at the 2022 census.<ref name="1R">{{Cite web |last=Central Statistical Office Zambia and City Population |date=3 January 2023 |title=Population of Zambian Cities and Urban Centres: Livingstone |url=https://citypopulation.de/en/zambia/admin/southern/0906__livingstone/ |access-date=5 September 2023 |publisher=Citypopulation.de}}</ref> It is named after David Livingstone, the [[Scotland|Scottish]] explorer and missionary who was the first European to explore the area.<ref>{{Cite web |title=David Livingstone - Biography, Expeditions, & Facts |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/David-Livingstone |access-date=2021-05-24 |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |language=en}}</ref> From 1911 until 1935, it served as the first capital of Northern Rhodesia. From 1907 to 2011, when replaced by Choma, Livingstone was the capital of Zambia's Southern Province. == Tarihi == === Tarihin kafin mulkin mallaka === Mukuni, {{Convert|9.6|km|mi}} a kudu maso gabashin Livingstone na yanzu, shine mafi girman ƙauye a yankin kafin a kafa Livingstone. Mazauna [[Harshen Tonga (Zambia da Zimbabwe)|Baleya]], waɗanda suka fito daga al'adun Rozwi a [[Zimbabwe]], Chief Mukuni wanda ya fito daga [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Kongo]] ya mamaye su a ƙarni na 16. Wani rukuni na Baleya a ƙarƙashin Chief Sekute ya zauna kusa da kogin yammacin garin. Duk da haka, mafi yawan mutanen yankin sune Batoka a ƙarƙashin Chief Musokotwane wanda ke zaune a Senkobo, {{Convert|30|km|mi}} arewa. Waɗannan mutanen kudancin Tonga ne amma suna kama da Baleya a al'ada da harshe. [[Fayil:Livingstone1.jpg|left|thumb|Abin tunawa ga David Livingstone]] Subiya ta yi wa Lozi na Barotseland girmamawa amma a shekarar 1838, Kololo, wata ƙabilar [[Lesotho|Sotho]] daga [[Afirka ta Kudu]] da yaƙe-yaƙen Zulu suka kora, ta yi ƙaura zuwa arewa ta mamaye Lozi . Kololo ta sanya sarakunan mutanen Sesheke da ke ƙarƙashinsu a kan Tokaleya. A shekarar 1855, wani matafiyi ɗan ƙasar Scotland mai wa'azi David Livingstone ya zama Ba’amurke na farko da aka nuna wa [[Kogin Zambezi|Zambezi]] a kusa da Livingstone, kuma ya ga [[Faɗuwar ruwan Victoria|Victoria Falls]] ta hannun Babban Sekeletu na Subiya-Kololo. === Tarihin mulkin mallaka === A shekarun 1890, Kamfanin Birtaniya na Afirka ta Kudu na [[Cecil Rhodes]] ya kafa mulkin [[Daular Biritaniya|Birtaniya]] a arewacin Zambezi kuma ya ƙaddamar da ayyukan haƙo ma'adinai da bincike, baya ga haka ya shiga wasu albarkatun ƙasa kamar katako, hauren giwa da fatun dabbobi a wani yanki da ake kira [[Barotziland-North-Western Rhodesia|Arewa maso Yammacin Rhodesia]] . Babban wurin haƙo Zambezi yana saman magudanar ruwa a Old Drift, da farko ta hanyar kwale-kwale, daga baya kuma ta hanyar jirgin ruwa na ƙarfe da masu aikin kwale-kwale na Lozi guda takwas ke tuƙawa, ko kuma jirgin ruwa da aka ja da kebul na ƙarfe. Kwarin Batoka da zurfin kwarin da kwaruruka na tsakiyar Zambezi (wanda yanzu [[Ruwan ruwa na Kariba|madatsar ruwa ta Kariba]] ta mamaye) yana nufin babu wani wuri mafi kyau na haƙowa tsakanin magudanar ruwa da [[Kariba Gorge]], {{Cvt|483|km}} arewa maso gabas. Yayin da aka fi amfani da hanyar ketare tsohon Drift, wurin zama na Turawan mulkin mallaka ya samo asali a can kuma a kusa da 1897 ya zama ƙaramar hukuma ta farko a ƙasar; wani lokacin ana kiranta da 'Old Livingstone'. Kusantarsa da wuraren kiwon [[sauro]] ya haifar da mace-mace sakamakon [[Cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro|zazzabin cizon sauro]], wanda hakan ya sa Turawan suka ƙaura zuwa tudun da aka sani da Constitution Hill ko Sandbelt Post Office bayan 1900. Yayin da wannan yanki ya girma ya zama gari, an sanya masa suna ''Livingstone'' don girmama mai binciken. <ref name="NRJ">{{Cite web |title=Untitled Document |url=http://www.nrzam.org.uk/NRJ/V4N1/V4N1.html |access-date=2022-12-27 |website=www.nrzam.org.uk}}</ref> A tsakiyar shekarun 1890, layin dogo na Rhodesia ya isa [[Bulawayo]] a Kudancin Rhodesia, inda ya haɓaka ci gaban masana'antu a can, wanda ma'adinan kwal a Hwange (wanda a lokacin ake kira ''Wankie'' ) suka ƙarfafa shi, kuma ma'adinan kwal {{Convert|110|km|mi}} ne kawai suka yi aiki. kudu maso gabashin Mosi-oa-Tunya. An faɗaɗa layin dogo zuwa Hwange don samun kwal, amma hangen Rhodes shine ya ci gaba da matsawa arewa don faɗaɗa [[Daular Biritaniya|Daular Burtaniya]], kuma da ya [[Jirgin ƙasa na Cape zuwa Alkahira|gina shi zuwa Alkahira]] idan zai iya. A shekara ta 1904 layin dogo ya isa magudanar ruwa a gefen kudu kuma an fara gina [[Victoria Falls Bridge|Gadar Victoria Falls]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=VFHQadmin |title=Victoria Falls Bridge Activities and History - Victoria Falls HQ |url=https://victoriafallshq.com/victoria-falls-bridge-activities/ |access-date=2022-09-11 |language=en-US}}</ref> Saboda rashin haƙuri da ya jira kammala shi, Rhodes ya gina layin daga Livingstone zuwa Kalomo kuma an fara aiki watanni kafin gadar ta amfani da jirgin ƙasa guda ɗaya wanda aka jigilar shi gunduwa-gunduwa ta hanyar kebul na wucin gadi a kan kwarin da ke kusa da wurin ginin gadar. [[Fayil:Zambèze-Chapelle_commémorative_Coillard_à_Livingstone_(cropped).jpg|left|thumb|Livingstone a farkon karni na 20]] An kafa birnin a shekarar 1905. Kamfanin Birtaniya na Afirka ta Kudu ya ƙaura da babban birnin yankin a shekarar 1907. <ref name="NRJ"/> A shekarar 1911, kamfanin ya haɗa yankin da [[Arewa maso gabashin Rhodesia|Arewa maso Gabashin Rhodesia]] a matsayin Arewacin Rhodesia . Livingstone ta bunƙasa daga matsayinta na ƙofar kasuwanci tsakanin gefen arewa da kudu na Zambezi, da kuma noma a Lardin Kudu da kuma samar da katako na kasuwanci daga dazuzzuka zuwa arewa maso yamma. An gina wasu gine-ginen mulkin mallaka waɗanda har yanzu suke nan. Duk da cewa an ƙaura da babban birnin zuwa [[Lusaka]] a shekarar 1935 don ya kasance kusa da cibiyar tattalin arziki ta Copperbelt, masana'antu da suka dogara da katako, fatu, [https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/tobacco taba], auduga (gami da yadi) da sauran kayayyakin noma sun bunƙasa. An gina masana'antar samar da wutar lantarki ta ruwa tana ɗaukar ruwa daga Gabashin Cataract na Falls. Garin [[Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe|Victoria Falls]] a Kudancin Rhodesia yana da kasuwancin yawon buɗe ido, amma an sayi kayayyaki da yawa daga Livingstone. [[Fayil:Victoria_Falls_(49653894783),_Livingstone,_crop2.jpg|right|thumb|Hoton tauraron dan adam na shekarar 2019 na Livingstone, wanda ke nuna unguwannin birnin da filin jirgin sama]] Daga cikin dukkan garuruwan da ke Arewacin Rhodesia, Livingstone na mulkin mallaka ya ɗauki mafi yawan halayen Birtaniya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Livingstone Town: Livingstone, Zambia |url=http://www.livingstonetourism.com/livingstone-town/ |access-date=2020-05-26 |website=www.livingstonetourism.com}}</ref> Birnin da ke kewaye da matsugunan Afirka da yawa, an [[Rarraba launin fata|raba shi da juna]] . Yankunan arewa da yamma na garin da tsakiyar garin an keɓe su ne ga gwamnatin mulkin mallaka da kasuwancin fararen fata da yankunan zama da ke da alaƙa, yayin da garuruwan Afirka kamar Maramba (wanda aka sanya wa suna bayan ƙaramin Kogin Maramba da ke gudana a kusa) suna gabas da kudu kuma ma'aikata, bayi, [[Mai sana'a|masu sana'a]], [[Mai ciniki|'yan kasuwa]], da kuma adadi mai yawa na iyalai baƙar fata marasa aiki waɗanda ke zaune a cikin jin daɗin jama'a. 'Yan Asiya da mutanen da ke da nau'ikan kabilu daban-daban suna da kasuwanci a tsakiya, a gefen gabas na tsakiyar birnin. A lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu]], an shigar da 'yan gudun hijira 'yan Poland 170 da suka tsere daga Poland da Jamus da Soviet suka mamaye, zuwa Livingstone a shekarar 1941, kuma an kafa ofishin jakadancin Poland. Yayin da gwamnatin Birtaniya ta fara tattaunawa a bainar jama'a kan 'yancin kai, kuma labarin kisan gillar da aka yi wa fararen fata 'yan mulkin mallaka a [[Belgian Congo|Congo ta Beljium]] ya bayyana, mazauna fararen fata da yawa, suna tsoron watsi da gwamnatin mulkin mallaka ta Birtaniya, suka fara ƙaura zuwa kudu zuwa Kudancin Rhodesia ko Afirka ta Kudu. Lokacin da Arewacin Rhodesia ta sami 'yancin kai a matsayin Zambia a 1964, fararen fata da yawa sun tafi. Lokacin da Zambia ta sami 'yancin kai, akwai baƙar fata 100 kacal da suka kammala karatun kwaleji a ƙasar, kusan duk a fannin kimiyyar zamantakewa daga [[Jami'ar Fort Hare]] da ke Afirka ta Kudu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=the struggle movie zambia |url=https://paraluxe.com/aa2uaca/the-struggle-movie-zambia |access-date=2022-05-24 |website=paraluxe.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=the struggle movie zambia |url=https://paraluxe.com/aa2uaca/the-struggle-movie-zambia |access-date=2022-05-23 |website=paraluxe.com}}</ref> A shekarar 1968, an kafa wata ƙasa mai jam'iyya ɗaya wadda ta kwace mafi yawan kadarorin da ba baƙar fata ba suka rage, musamman na fararen fata. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bayart |first=J. F. |date=1973 |title=One-Party Government and Political Development in Cameroun |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/719939 |journal=African Affairs |volume=72 |issue=287 |pages=125–144 |doi=10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a096356 |issn=0001-9909 |jstor=719939 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Constitutional Rights Foundation |url=https://www.crf-usa.org/brown-v-board-50th-anniversary/southern-black-codes.html |access-date=2022-05-23 |website=www.crf-usa.org }}{{Dead link|date=July 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Saboda haka, yawancin sauran 'yan Arewacin Rhodesia sun tafi bayan an sanar da wata manufa ta ƙasa a Zambia. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Libby |first=Ronald T. |last2=Woakes |first2=Michael E. |date=1980 |title=Nationalization and the Displacement of Development Policy in Zambia |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/523462 |journal=African Studies Review |volume=23 |issue=1 |pages=33–50 |doi=10.2307/523462 |issn=0002-0206 |jstor=523462 |s2cid=143579889 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Burdette |first=Marcia M. |date=1977 |title=Nationalization in Zambia: A Critique of Bargaining Theory |journal=Canadian Journal of African Studies |volume=11 |issue=3 |pages=471–496 |doi=10.2307/483722 |issn=0008-3968 |jstor=483722 |doi-access=free}}</ref> === Bayan samun 'yancin kai === [[Fayil:Livingstone_Water_Tank_3_(cropped).jpg|right|thumb|259x259px|Tankin Ruwa na Livingstone]] An lalata wasu gine-ginen farar hula na mulkin mallaka kuma an maye gurbinsu da gine-ginen [[Al'adun Afirka|Afirka]], kodayake an yi amfani da Livingstone a matsayin wurin da aka gina wani gari na Rhodesian na shekarun 1950 a cikin fim ɗin 1981 mai suna ''The Grass Is Singing'' (wanda ya dogara da littafin [[Doris Lessing]] na wannan sunan). A lokaci guda, an yi amfani da babban adadin kuɗi daga gwamnatin Burtaniya zuwa Zambia a lokacin 'yancin kai a Livingstone. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Zambia - Colonial rule {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Zambia/Colonial-rule |access-date=2022-05-24 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Zambia Independence Bill |url=https://www.theyworkforyou.com/debates/?id=1964-07-07a.229.0 |access-date=2022-05-23 |website=TheyWorkForYou |language=en}}</ref> Livingstone ta fuskanci koma bayan tattalin arziki a shekarun 1970 saboda wani ɓangare na sake fasalin masana'antu <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Whitworth |first=Alan |date=October 2015 |title=Explaining Zambian Poverty: A History of (Nonagriculture) Economic Policy Since Independence: History of Zambian Economic Policy |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jid.3049 |journal=Journal of International Development |language=en |volume=27 |issue=7 |pages=953–986 |doi=10.1002/jid.3049 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> kuma wani ɓangare na rufe kan iyaka da Rhodesia, da farko gwamnatin Zambia sannan daga baya hukumomin Rhodesian suka yi. <ref>{{Cite book|last1=amp}}</ref> Tun daga farkon karni na 21, Livingstone ta fuskanci sake farfadowa a fannin yawon bude ido kuma ta zama wurin da ake so a ziyarta lokacin da take ziyartar Victoria Falls. Livingstone ta sami ɗan kwararar jari a masana'antar daga gidajen otal na zamani kamar Sun International, zuwa wasu cibiyoyin siyar da titin zamani da gidajen cin abinci. <ref>{{Cite web |title=เว็บ สล็อต ที่ ใหญ่ ที่สุด ใน โลก – Official Website |url=https://livingstonestourism.com/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230924000803/https://livingstonestourism.com/ |archive-date=24 September 2023}}</ref> Baya ga yawon bude ido, wani bege da ke kan gaba a Livingstone shine ci gaba da aka samu daga [https://saiia.org.za/saiia-toolkit/walvis-bay-corridor-group/ Walvis Bay Corridor] tare da bude [[Katima Mulilo Bridge|gadar Katima Mulilo]] da kuma kammala babbar hanyar Trans-Caprivi {{Convert|200|km|mi}} yamma, wanda ke ƙara yawan ciniki ta cikin garin. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-01-24 |title=A Lesson in Zambian History: Livingstone |url=https://www.globalblackhistory.com/lesson-in-zambian-history-livingstone/ |access-date=2022-05-24 |website=Global Black History |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-04-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230425000830/https://www.globalblackhistory.com/lesson-in-zambian-history-livingstone/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Esser |first=Leonore |title=The bridge over the Zambezi at Katima Mulilo is a symbol of freedom and cornerstone of economic development |url=https://www.kfw.de/stories/kfw/stories/economy/infrastructure/sambesi-bruecke/ |access-date=2022-05-24 |website=KfW Stories |language=en}}</ref> == Yanayi == Livingstone tana da yanayi mai zafi da ɗan bushewa ( [[Rarrabawar yanayi na Köppen|Köppen]] : ''BSh'' ) tare da yanayi mai zafi da ruwan sama da kuma yanayi mai zafi kafin damina da kuma yanayi mai zafi da kuma yanayi mai zafi na bushewa tare da babban bambancin zafin rana da dare. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 9gdx55ptl7i7kb6v95g4tdailm7n0qu 0 158097 878764 859057 2026-07-08T03:45:46Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878764 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Bacteriotherapy''' shine amfani da [[Kwayar cutar Bakteriya|ƙwayoyin cuta]] ko samfuran su da gangan wajen magance wata cuta. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Hsu |first=Ronald |title=Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT), Bacteriotherapy |url=http://patients.gi.org/topics/fecal-microbiota-transplantation-fmt-bacteriotherapy/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180623005134/http://patients.gi.org/topics/fecal-microbiota-transplantation-fmt-bacteriotherapy/ |archive-date=23 June 2018 |access-date=3 June 2018 |publisher=American College of Gastronomy}}</ref> Nau'ikan maganin bacteriotherapy sun haɗa da amfani da probiotics, ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ke ba da fa'idodi ga lafiya lokacin da aka sha; dashen najasa (FMT) <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Cammarota |first=G. |last2=Ianiro |first2=G |last3=Gasbarrini |first3=A |date=2014 |title=Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for the Treatment of Clostridium difficile Infection |journal=J Clin Gastroenterol |volume=48 |issue=8 |pages=693–702 |doi=10.1097/MCG.0000000000000046 |pmid=24440934 |s2cid=24339998}}</ref> / dashen microbiota na hanji (IMT), <ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=Gough |first=E. |last2=Shaikh |first2=H. |last3=Manges |first3=AR. |date=2011 |title=Systematic Review of Intestinal Microbiota Transplantation (Fecal Bacteriotherapy) for Recurrent Clostridium difficile Infection |journal=Clinical Infectious Diseases |volume=53 |issue=10 |pages=994–1002 |doi=10.1093/cid/cir632 |pmid=22002980 |doi-access=free}}</ref> canja wurin ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta na hanji daga najasa na masu ba da gudummawa masu lafiya zuwa ga marasa lafiya da aka karɓa don dawo da ƙwayoyin cuta ; <ref name=":0" /> <ref name=":1" /> ko synbiotics waɗanda ke haɗa prebiotics, sinadaran da ba za a iya narkewa ba waɗanda ke haɓaka haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta masu amfani, da probiotics. <ref name=":3">{{Cite journal |last=Patel |first=R |last2=DuPont |first2=HL |date=2005 |title=New Approaches for Bacteriotherapy: Prebiotics, New-Generation Probiotics, and Synbiotics. |journal=Clinical Infectious Diseases |volume=60 |issue=Suppl 2 |pages=108–121 |doi=10.1093/cid/civ177 |pmc=4490231 |pmid=25922396}}</ref> Ta hanyar waɗannan hanyoyin, ƙwayoyin cuta na hanji, al'ummar nau'ikan ƙwayoyin cuta 300-500 waɗanda ke zaune a cikin hanyar narkewar abinci na dabbobi waɗanda ke taimakawa wajen narkewar abinci, adana makamashi, aikin garkuwar jiki da kariya daga ƙwayoyin cuta, za a iya sake gina su da ƙwayoyin cuta masu kyau, waɗanda kuma suna da tasirin warkewa. <ref name=":1" /> Ana amfani da dashen najasa a matsayin maganin rigakafi ga cututtukan ''C. masu wahala'', wata cuta ta ciki wadda ''Clostridioides difficile'' ke mamaye hanjin wani abu da ke kawo cikas ga daidaiton ƙwayoyin cuta <ref name=":1" /> da kuma haifar da gudawa wanda ka iya zama mai kisa. An kuma fara amfani da maganin bacteriotherapy wajen magance matsalolin kwakwalwa kamar [[Babban rashin damuwa|baƙin ciki]], [[Anxiety|damuwa]], da kuma matsalar autism . Ana iya amfani da sake gina hanji yadda ya kamata wajen magance matsalolin kwakwalwa saboda kasancewar hanyar hanji-kwakwalwa, hanyar sadarwa tsakanin kwakwalwa da hanji, musamman ƙwayoyin cuta na hanji. <ref name=":4">{{Cite journal |last=Cryan |first=JF |last2=Dinan |first2=TG |date=2012 |title=Mind altering microorganisms: the impact of the gut microbiota on brain and behavior. |journal=Nature Reviews Neuroscience |volume=13 |issue=10 |pages=701–712 |doi=10.1038/nrn3346 |pmid=22968153 |s2cid=205508120}}</ref> == Dashen najasa (FMT) == An fara rubuta dashen najasa a jikin mutane a shekarar 1958. <ref name=":1" /> Hukumar [[Hukumar Abinci da Magunguna|FDA]] ta dauki dashen najasa a matsayin magani mai dacewa ga wasu marasa lafiya da ke dauke da ''cutar C. difficile'', <ref name=":0" /> musamman lokacin da maganin da aka saba bai yi nasara ba. <ref name=":1" /> Yana nuna nasarar kashi 90% a gwaje-gwajen asibiti don kamuwa da cutar ''C. difficile'' mai sake dawowa. Ga wasu cututtuka, ana daukarsa a matsayin magani na gwaji kuma ya kamata a yi shi ne kawai a cikin shirin bincike. <ref name=":0" /> Tsarin dashen najasa ya ƙunshi allurar ruwa mai hana ruwa shiga cikin hanjin mara lafiya. Dashen najasa ba ya buƙatar daidaitawa ko danne garkuwar jiki (ba kamar dashen najasa na yau da kullun ba). <ref name=":2" /> Ana iya yin dashen najasa ta hanyar shigar nasogastric, shigar nasojejunal, shigar nasoduodenal, shigar nasoduodenal ta sama, [[Enema|cirewar enema]], cirewar dubura mai laushi, ko kuma duban hanji . <ref name=":2" /> <ref name=":1" /> Ana gudanar da bincike don ganin ko za a iya lulluɓe dashen najasa a sha ta baki a matsayin kwaya. <ref name=":0" /> Dashen najasa sabuwar hanya ce ta magani, tare da ƙarancin matsaloli da aka sani zuwa yanzu. An ruwaito ƙananan illoli kamar gudawa mai sauƙi, <ref name=":2"/> maƙogwaro, ciwon ciki, canje-canje a cikin hanji, <ref name=":0"/> zubar jini a saman hanji, alamun IBS (ko mai yaɗuwa), maƙarƙashiya, da kuma ciwon hanji mai haushi. <ref name=":1"/> Ba a san komai ba game da yiwuwar kamuwa da cutar da ke ɗauke da garkuwar jiki na dogon lokaci. <ref name=":0" /> Ka'idoji sun bambanta dangane da adadin bayan gida da ake dasawa da kuma hanyar jiko. <ref name=":1" /> Ana amfani da sabbin samfuran bayan gida marasa daskarewa fiye da samfuran daskararre. Dashen samfurin da ba a daskarewa ba ya fi kyau a kammala shi cikin awanni 6. <ref name=":2"/> Yawan wankewa da sake dawowa suma sun bambanta dangane da abubuwan da ake amfani da su don yin maganin dashen najasa (ruwa, saline, yogurt, madara ko saline tare da psyllium). Yawan wankewa ya ƙaru tare da ƙaruwar girma kuma yawan sake dawowa ya ƙaru tare da raguwar yawan dashen najasa. <ref name=":1"/> === Gudummawar dashen najasa === Dole ne masu bayar da gudummawa su guji amfani da maganin rigakafi na tsawon watanni biyu ko har zuwa watanni shida kafin bayar da bayan gida. Bugu da ƙari, masu bayar da gudummawa ba dole ba ne su kasance suna da tarihin cututtukan ciki. Ana amfani da gwajin jini don tantance masu bayar da gudummawa don [[Cutar hanta A|cutar hepatitis A]], [[Hepatitis B|B]] da [[Hepatitis C|C]], HIV, da [[Tunjere|syphilis]] . Gwaje-gwajen bayan gida na iya haɗawa da gubar CD, ovaries, da ƙwayoyin cuta . Mai bayarwa ɗaya yana ba da najasa ga majiyyaci fiye da ɗaya. Ya kamata a bayar da sabbin gudummawa a ranar magani. <ref name=":2"/> Masu bayar da gudummawa da suka shafi waɗanda aka karɓa yawanci suna nuna ƙimar mafi girma (93%) idan aka kwatanta da masu ba da gudummawa marasa alaƙa (84%). <ref name=":1"/> ==== Damuwa da damuwa ==== Akwai manyan matakan rashin jituwa tsakanin wasu matsalolin kwakwalwa da matsalolin gastrointestinal. Wannan yana ba da goyon baya ga wanzuwar tsarin kwakwalwa-kwakwalwa, wanda ƙwayoyin cuta na hanji na iya yin tasiri ga ci gaban kwakwalwa, aiki, da hali, <ref name=":5">{{Cite journal |last=Kelly |first=JR |last2=Borre |first2=Y |last3=O'Brien |first3=C |last4=Patterson |first4=E |last5=El Aidy |first5=S |last6=Deane |first6=J |date=2016 |title=Transferring the blues: Depression-associated gut microbiota induces neurobehavioral changes in the rat. |url=https://pure.ulster.ac.uk/ws/files/11645232/ismej201772 |journal=Journal of Psychiatric Research |volume=82 |pages=109–118 |doi=10.1016/j.jpsychires.2016.07.019 |pmid=27491067 |s2cid=25368710 |access-date=2026-06-16 |archive-date=2024-11-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241127232248/https://pure.ulster.ac.uk/ws/files/11645232/ismej201772 |url-status=dead }}</ref> kuma yana jaddada rawar da yake takawa a cikin cututtukan kwakwalwa, yana mai da dashen najasa hanya mai kyau ta magance wasu cututtukan kwakwalwa. <ref name=":4"/> Microbiota yana daidaita yanayin [[Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis|hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal-axis]] (HPA axis), wanda ke sarrafa martani ga damuwa kuma yana daidaita narkewar abinci, tsarin garkuwar jiki, yanayi, da motsin rai. Bugu da ƙari, microbiota na iya yin tasiri kai tsaye ga tsarin juyayi na tsakiya (CNS), kamar yadda bincike ya nuna cewa ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin hanji na iya kunna martanin damuwa ta hanyar jijiyar vagus, wata jijiyar kwanya da ke da alhakin hulɗa da hanyar narkewar abinci. Shaida ta nuna cewa yayin da damuwa na iya shafar abun da ke cikin microbiome, microbiome ɗin kuma yana da tasiri akan amsawar damuwa da hali. <ref name=":6">{{Cite journal |last=Foster |first=JA |last2=McVey Neufeld |first2=KA |date=2013 |title=Gut-brain axis: how the microbiome influences anxiety and depression. |journal=Trends in Neurosciences |volume=36 |issue=5 |pages=305–312 |doi=10.1016/j.tins.2013.01.005 |pmid=23384445 |s2cid=14841718}}</ref> Bincike kan dashen najasa ya nuna cewa bayan an canja wurin najasa daga mai bayarwa zuwa ga wanda ba shi da ƙwayoyin cuta, dabbobin da ba su da ƙwayoyin cuta da ke rayuwa a cikinsu, mai karɓa ya fara kwaikwayon yanayin, halayen da ake iya gani, na mai bayarwa. A cikin gwaje-gwaje da aka yi da beraye, mai bayarwa mai kiba ya jagoranci linzamin kwamfuta mai karɓa ya ɗauki yanayin kiba, yayin da mai bayarwa mai ƙarancin nauyi ya haifar da ɗaukar yanayin kiba a cikin mai karɓa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Million |first=M |last2=Lagier |first2=JC |last3=Yahav |first3=D |last4=Paul |first4=M |date=2013 |title=Gut bacterial microbiota and obesity. |journal=Clinical Microbiology and Infection |volume=19 |issue=4 |pages=305–313 |doi=10.1111/1469-0691.12172 |pmid=23452229 |doi-access=free}}</ref> An gano cewa ƙwayoyin cuta na mutanen da ke cikin damuwa suna nuna raguwar wadata da bambancin ra'ayi. Musamman ma, an gano lactobacillus da bifidobacterial a matsayin suna da rawar da za su taka wajen daidaita damuwa da halayen damuwa. Lokacin da aka canza abin da ke cikin najasa daga beraye masu baƙin ciki zuwa beraye masu ƙarancin ƙwayoyin cuta, gwaje-gwajen ɗabi'a suna nuna rashin lafiyar jiki, wata alama ta baƙin ciki; bincike ya kuma gano cewa a cikin canja wurin ƙwayoyin cuta daga dabba mai damuwa zuwa wani magani, mai karɓar magani kuma yana nuna halayen damuwa wanda ke tabbatar da cewa wasu nau'ikan baƙin ciki da damuwa sun dogara ne akan ƙwayoyin cuta na hanji, <ref name=":5"/> don haka ana iya canja su. ==== Autism ==== An danganta ƙwayoyin cuta na hanji da cutar autism (ASD) saboda yawan kamuwa da matsalolin ciki da ke da alaƙa da tsananin ASD. Samfuran beraye na ASD suna nuna alaƙa tsakanin abubuwan da ba su dace ba a cikin hanji da kuma ɗabi'a. Wani gwaji na asibiti na yara 18 na ASD waɗanda aka yi musu maganin rigakafi na makonni 2, wanke hanji, sannan aka yi musu dashen najasa mai tsawo ya nuna raguwar alamun ciki da kashi 80%. Alamomin ASD na hali suma sun nuna ci gaba mai mahimmanci wanda ya ci gaba har zuwa makonni 8 bayan an gama magani. Waɗannan canje-canjen an danganta su da mamaye ƙwayoyin cuta masu bayarwa da canje-canje masu amfani a cikin yanayin hanji. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kang |first=DW |last2=Adams |first2=JB |last3=Gregory |first3=AC |date=2017 |title=Microbiota Transfer Therapy alters gut ecosystem and improves gastrointestinal and autism symptoms: an open label study. |journal=Microbiome |volume=5 |issue=1 |pages=10 |doi=10.1186/s40168-016-0225-7 |pmc=5264285 |pmid=28122648 |doi-access=free}}</ref> === Magungunan rigakafi === Probiotics ƙwayoyin cuta ne masu rai ko fungi waɗanda ke ba da fa'idodi ga lafiya. Suna da hanyoyi guda uku na tasirin magani: tasirin ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙarfafa rufin hanji, da kuma daidaita garkuwar jiki. Waɗannan hanyoyin suna taimakawa wajen canza da kuma rarraba ƙwayoyin hanji don amfanar lafiyar gaba ɗaya. Tasirin ƙwayoyin cuta yana taimakawa wajen hana haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ke haifar da rashin lafiya. Probiotics kuma suna taimakawa wajen ƙarfafa matsewar haɗin gwiwa, hadaddun furotin masu yawa waɗanda ke rufe hanji (da sauran gabobin jiki da sassan jiki) don hana wucewar kayan. <ref name=":3"/> ==== Amfani da lafiya ==== ===== Matsalolin ciki ===== An yi amfani da probiotics wajen magance ko hana ''C. difficile'', cututtukan hanji masu saurin fushi, ciwon hanji mai saurin fushi, rigakafin radiation ko [[chemotherapy]] da ke haifar da sakamako mai tsanani, necrotizing enterocolitis, hepatic encephalopathy, da atopic dermatitis . Nasarar magani ya dogara ne akan ko an ba da nau'ikan guda ɗaya ko gauraye, adadin da aka ɗauka, da takamaiman nau'ikan ƙwayoyin cuta. Lactobacillus da Bifidobacterium sune nau'ikan probiotic da aka fi amfani da su. <ref name=":3"/> ===== Autism ===== Ana nazarin amfani da probiotics a yanayin tunani da autism kuma ya nuna cewa probiotics na iya yin tasiri ga yanayin tunani. An yi amfani da probiotics don canja wurin sinadarai masu jijiyoyi kamar GABA . Akwai shaida cewa katsewar microbiome na iya haɓaka yawan samar da ''Clostridium tetani'', wani ƙwayar cuta mai haifar da neurotoxin wanda zai iya ba da gudummawa ga alamun autism. <ref name=":3"/> Wani bincike da aka yi kan wani yaro ɗan shekara 12 da ke fama da ASD, nakasa mai tsanani ta fahimta, da cutar celiac wanda aka yi wa maganin probiotic don celiac ya nuna ci gaba ba zato ba tsammani a cikin alamun autism wanda ya ci gaba da watanni 4 bayan magani. Gudanar da Jadawalin Kula da Ganewar Autism (ADOS) ya nuna raguwar maki 3 (watau ci gaba a cikin alamun autism na asali) a cikin ɓangaren tasirin zamantakewa. <ref name=":7">{{Cite journal |last=Grossi |first=E |last2=Melli |first2=S |last3=Dunca |first3=D |last4=Terruzzi |first4=V |date=2016 |title=Unexpected improvement in core autism spectrum disorder symptoms after long term treatment with probiotics |journal=SAGE Open Medical Case Reports |volume=4 |pages=2050313X1666623 |doi=10.1177/2050313X16666231 |pmc=5006292 |pmid=27621806}}</ref> Sakamakon ADOS yawanci ma'auni ne na daidaito na tsananin autism, kuma canji ba zai yiwu ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=About the ADOS |url=https://research.agre.org/program/aboutados.cfm |access-date=2018-06-22 |website=research.agre.org |archive-date=2018-06-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180623005004/https://research.agre.org/program/aboutados.cfm |url-status=dead }}</ref> Rahotannin microbiota koyaushe suna nuna bambance-bambance masu mahimmanci a cikin hanjin marasa lafiya da autism idan aka kwatanta da waɗanda ba sa autism. <ref name=":7" /> A cikin bincike da aka yi wa beraye, maganin probiotic ya rage damuwa da ɗabi'un damuwa, ya mayar da martani ga tasirin rabuwar uwa ga halayen damuwa, ya mayar da martani ga ɗabi'un kumburi da ƙwayoyin cuta ke haifarwa. Wannan shaidar ta nuna cewa maganin probiotic yana da tasirin rage damuwa da kuma rage damuwa . <ref name=":6"/> === Sinadarin sinadarai === Sinadaran Synbiotics sun ƙunshi prebiotics da probiotics. Haɗa prebiotics da probiotics yana inganta rayuwa da aikin nau'ikan ƙwayoyin cuta na probiotic. A cikin synbiotics, prebiotics da probiotics suna aiki tare don samar da fa'ida ta haɗin gwiwa fiye da abin da ɗayan zai iya bayarwa daban-daban. Sinadaran Synbiotics sun nuna sakamako mai kyau akan kiba, ciwon suga, cututtukan hanta mai kitse marasa giya, ciwon enterocolitis na necrotizing a cikin jarirai masu ƙarancin nauyin haihuwa, da kuma ciwon hanta. Ana iya amfani da Sinadaran Synbiotics a matsayin matakan rigakafi da kuma maganin warkewa. <ref name=":3"/> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 4bfglyaaamz8bi3n5sbgwa3cisvs5x9 0 158899 878747 862136 2026-07-08T00:57:18Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878747 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''MV ''Victoria''''' jirgin ruwa ne na Lake Victoria wanda Kamfanin Marine Services Company Limited na [[Tanzaniya|Tanzania]] ke sarrafawa. Har zuwa samun 'yancin Kenya daga [[Birtaniya|Ƙasar Ingila]] a 1963 ta kasance Royal Mail Ship '''RMS ''Victoria''''' . <ref name="McCrow">{{Cite web |last=McCrow |first=Malcolm |date= |title=Marine Services |url=http://www.mccrow.org.uk/eastafrica/eastafricanrailways/MarineDivision/EARLakes.htm |access-date=2011-05-17 |website=[[East African Railways and Harbours]] |publisher=Malcolm McCrow}}</ref> Daga nan ta yi aiki a karkashin tutar Kenya har zuwa 1977, lokacin da aka tura ta zuwa Tanzania. == Gine-gine == An gina ''Victoria'' a matsayin jirgin ruwa mai suna "knock-down". Yarrow Shipbuilders Limited ta gina ta a Scotstoun, Glasgow, sannan ta rushe ta a watan Yunin 1959. Daga nan aka fitar da ita a cikin akwatuna 1,500 ta hanyar Mombasa zuwa [[Kisumu]] a kan [[Tafkin Victoria]], inda aka fara sake tarawa a watan Disamba na 1959 kuma an kaddamar da ita a ranar 5 ga Satumba. An mika ta ga Kamfanin Jirgin Sama da Harbours na Gabashin Afirka (EAR&H) a ranar 26 ga Yuni 1961 kuma an ba da umurni a ranar 22 ga Yuli. Lokacin da aka ba da umarnin jirgin Elizabeth II ta ba ta sunan Royal Mail Ship (RMS): jirgin EAR&H ne kawai ya sami wannan bambancin.<ref name="McCrow"/> == Hidima == Lokacin da aka ba da izini a 1961, ''Victoria'' tana da damar daukar fasinjoji 230 da tan 200 na kaya kuma tana da firiji don kayan da za su lalace. Ta karɓi sabis na zagaye na EAR&H a kusa da tashar jiragen ruwa na Tafkin Victoria, ta raba rabin jimlar lokacin tafiye-tafiye zuwa kwana biyu da rabi wanda ya ba ta damar yin hidima ga duk tashar jiragen sama a kan tafkin sau biyu a mako. EAR&H daidai da haka ta gabatar da sabbin farashi ga fasinjoji da farashi don nau'ikan kaya daban-daban a kanta.<ref name="Gazette" /> A shekara ta 1977 aka raba EAR&H tsakanin [[Kenya]], [[Tanzaniya|Tanzania]] da [[Uganda]] kuma an canja ''Victoria'' zuwa sabuwar hanyar Jirgin kasa na Tanzania. A cikin 1997 sashen jigilar kayayyaki na TRC ya zama kamfani daban, Kamfanin Ayyukan Ruwa Ltd . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=http://mscltz.com/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110910031156/http://www.mscltz.com/ |archive-date=10 September 2011 |access-date=2011-06-26 |publisher=Marine Services Company Limited}}</ref> An sake gyara ''Victoria'' kuma saboda dawowa zuwa sabis tsakanin Bukoba da [[Mwanza]] a watan Yunin 2020. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mulisa |first=Meddy |last2=Sanga |first2=Alex |date=29 June 2020 |title=It's all smile as MV Victoria bounces back to business |url=https://dailynews.co.tz/news/2020-06-295ef97cc01adfb.aspx |website=Daily News}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Kamagi |first=Deogratius |date=10 August 2020 |title=PM demands swift licensing of MV Victoria |url=https://www.habarileo.co.tz/habari/2020-08-105f30dc1a3a08f.aspx |website=Habari Leo}}</ref> Jirgin ya fara aiki da hanyar Mwanza-Bukoba kamar yadda aka tsara a watan Agustan 2020 a karkashin sunan "New Victoria".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kamala |first=James |date=29 August 2020 |title=Break of dawn as New Victoria swings into action |url=https://dailynews.co.tz/news/2020-08-285f491d6dbc5e5 |website=Daily News}}</ref> Bayan wani shiri na shekara-shekara binciken a watan Satumbar 2021 jirgin ya ci gaba da aiki wata daya bayan haka. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kaitira |first=Mgongo |date=14 October 2021 |title=Relief as MV Victoria starts services again |url=https://www.thecitizen.co.tz/tanzania/news/-relief-as-mv-victoria-starts-services-again-3582930 |website=The Citizen |access-date=20 June 2026 |archive-date=4 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211104222738/https://www.thecitizen.co.tz/tanzania/news/-relief-as-mv-victoria-starts-services-again-3582930 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Manazarta == 8jwma1rca0etku6tjn5qhi22w0hb592 0 158957 878519 862405 2026-07-07T14:02:29Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878519 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Bello John Olarewaju''' [[Ɗan siyasa|ɗan siyasan]] Najeriya ne wanda ke wakiltar mazabar Lanwa /jidongari, a yankin karamar hukuma ta Moro a Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Kwara kuma Mataimakin Shugaban Majalisar na 9.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwha.gov.ng/KWHA/Pages/_9thDLeader |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2026-06-20 |archive-date=2024-02-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240226073913/https://www.kwha.gov.ng/KWHA/Pages/_9thDLeader |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=":1">https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/09/flood-displaces-over-2500-kwara-residents-in-jebba-community/amp/#amp_tf=From%20%251$s&aoh=17355845919383&referrer=https://www.google.com</ref><ref>https://dailytrust.com/kwara-governor-reappoints-4-commissioners/</ref> [[:en:Nigerian|Nigerian]] [[:en:Politician|politician]] representing the Lanwa/Ejidongari constituency, Moro local government area in the [[:en:Kwara_State_House_of_Assembly|Kwara State House of Assembly]] and the 9th Deputy House == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Bello a ranar 19 ga Yulin 1960 a Onipako-Jebba, Yankin Karamar Hukumar Moro na Jihar Kwara, Najeriya . Ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Gwamnati, Malete, kafin ya ci gaba zuwa [[Kwalejin Ilimi ta Jihar Kwara, Oro]], inda ya yi karatun Ilimin Lissafi. Ya ci gaba da bin sha'awarsa ta ilimi ta hanyar samun digiri na farko a Ilimin Lissafi daga [[Jami'ar jihar Ekiti|Jami'ar Jihar Ekiti]].<ref name=":0" /> == Ayyuka == Bello a baya ya yi aiki a matsayin mai kula da kamfanin Nigeria Paper Mill da Sugar Company a Bacita, kuma a matsayin manajan kamfanin Power Holding Company na Najeriya. An zabe shi a matsayin wakilin Jebba Ward daga 1996 zuwa 1997. A cikin 2019, ya lashe tikitin a karkashin dandalin All Progressives Congress don zama memba na majalisar jiha. Ya yi takara kuma ya lashe babban zaben 2019, ya zama memba na Majalisar Dokoki ta 9.<ref>https://kwarastate.gov.ng/commissioner/bello-john-olarewaju/</ref><ref name=":1" /> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1960]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] g9ip5sqs5wtspf1lhe35jf1zk6koj48 0 158958 878746 862394 2026-07-08T00:54:04Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878746 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Globe Star jirgin ruwa ne wanda ya fadi a ranar 27 ga Afrilu 1973 tare da [[Nyali Reef]], kusa da [[Mombasa]], [[Kenya]] . Yana dauke da tan 10,000 na alkama zuwa [[Karachi]], Pakistan. Duk da aikin ceto mai tsanani, jirgin ya fashe a rabi kuma an watsar da shi. A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 1973, ma'aikata biyar da ke da hannu a yunkurin ceto sun mutu a cikin ajiya No. 3 saboda guba na gas yayin gudanar da ayyukan nutsewa. A shekara ta 1978, Divecon Ltd, Mombasa ta rushe fashewar, ta bar babban injin bayyane da ragowar jirgin kasa da ƙafa 10 (3.0 a ƙasa da farfajiya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Globe Star |url=http://www.buccaneerdiving.com/dive-sites/globe-star.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928070808/http://www.buccaneerdiving.com/dive-sites/globe-star.php |archive-date=28 September 2013 |access-date=16 March 2013 |publisher=Buccaneer Diving}}</ref> == Gine-gine == An gina jirgin ne a matsayin ''Burutu Palm'' don kamfanin jigilar kayayyaki na London Palm Line, kasuwanci zuwa da kuma daga Yammacin Afirka da Liverpool. A shekara ta 1967, an sayar da shi ga masu mallakar Girka kuma a 1973 an sayar da ita ga Globe Navigation na Singapore. == Rashin == An danganta Globe Star ga kuskuren kewayawa, saboda jirgin ya kusanci ƙofar tashar jiragen ruwa kafin ya ɗauki matukin jirgi, kuma an shawarce shi da ya koma tashar jiragen sama, ya juya zuwa gabar teku maimakon tashar jiragen mmiri kuma ya fadi. == Yawon shakatawa == Ragowar Globe Star tana cikin ruwa mai zurfi wanda ya dace da nutsewa. Ita sanannen wurin shakatawa ne na nutsewa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Globe Star Wreck |url=http://diveseven.com/dive-site/view/846/globe-star-wreck |access-date=16 March 2013 |publisher=Dive Seven |archive-date=29 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200729140149/http://diveseven.com/dive-site/view/846/globe-star-wreck |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Manazarta == k0df21apm3ko76lcoxyw5srkrdywdy0 0 159318 878719 864477 2026-07-07T21:55:15Z Nnamadee 31123 878719 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ƙungiyar Redhouse Yacht Club''' (RYC), wacce take ɗaya daga cikin tsofaffin ƙungiyoyin jiragen ruwa a Afirka ta Kudu,<ref>East Cape Tourism Board states: "Redhouse … yacht club being one of the oldest in the country." Retrieved 2007-01-29</ref> tana karɓar manyan tsere-raye na jiragen ruwa, kuma tana gudanar da shirin horo wanda ya samar da zakarun jiragen ruwa na duniya. Ƙungiyar tana cikin ƙauyen Redhouse, Eastern Cape, [[Afirka ta Kudu|Afirka ta Kudu,]] cikin mintuna goma sha biyar da mota daga [[Port Elizabeth]] . Tana kan [[Zwartkops River|kogin Zwartkops]], wani magudanar ruwa zuwa [[Bayar Algoa|Algoa Bay]] wanda sanannen wurin hutu ne, kuma babbar cibiyar jiragen ruwa ta Afirka ta Kudu. == Ayyuka == Kungiyar tana kula da matuƙan jiragen ruwa, tana ɗaukar nauyin wani babban shirin tsere na jirgin ruwa, tana da alaƙa da Kwalejin Jiragen Ruwa ta Afirka ta Kudu kuma memba ce a Ƙungiyar Jiragen Ruwa ta Duniya da kuma wani ɓangare na Jiragen Ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu (ƙungiyar). Yanayin da ke kewaye da Algoa Bay yana ba da damar yin tafiya a duk shekara, kuma yin tafiya a kogi yana ba da yanayi mai kariya ga ƙananan jiragen ruwa. Akwai tsere kusan biyu a kowane mako a duk shekara tare da manyan abubuwan da suka faru a lokaci-lokaci ciki har da regattas na ƙasa. A lokacin da aka haɓaka ƙungiyar, ƙungiyar ta ƙunshi manyan jiragen ruwa na jiragen ruwa daban-daban tare da manyan jiragen ruwa na tsere waɗanda a halin yanzu suka ƙunshi Lasers, Mirrors, da Optimists . Kungiyar tana karbar bakuncin gasar tseren kwale-kwale ta Eastern Cape ta shekara-shekara tsakanin makarantu, kuma an gudanar da gasar karo na 23 a shekarar 1999 Ƙungiyar tana ba da sabis na jiragen ruwa ga masu jiragen ruwa na gida da na baƙi, kuma Hukumar Yawon Bude Ido ta Gabashin Cape ta amince da ita a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin wuraren shakatawa na yankin. == Tarihi == Ƙungiyar ta fara ne a shekarar 1904 lokacin da ƙungiyar masu jiragen ruwa suka haɗu a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Mr. RP Jones, a Zwartkops Rowing Club da ke ƙauyen Redhouse, Afirka ta Kudu. An nuna nau'ikan jiragen ruwa guda uku a tseren farko a ƙarƙashin launukan Club: tan biyar, tan uku, da tan biyu, duk da cewa, akasin haka, shahararrun jiragen ruwa na yau kamar Lasers da Optimist suna da iyaka da matsakaicin nauyin kilogiram 55 da 35 bi da bi. An gudanar da bikin kade-kade na ƙasa a Redhouse don murnar cika shekaru 50 da kafa ƙungiyar a shekarar 1954, kuma an gudanar da bikin kade-kade na ƙarni na ɗari bayan shekaru hamsin a watan Oktoban 2004. A shekarun 1970-1979, ajin Mirror ya shahara inda mata da yara suka shiga cikin harkar, yayin da jiragen ruwa na ƙananan yara suka ƙaru da bayyanar jirgin ruwan hannu ɗaya mai suna Optimist, wanda tun daga lokacin ya zama jirgin horo na ƙungiyar. Zuwa shekarar 1975, jirgin Laser mai hannu ɗaya ya bayyana a RYC kuma yanzu ya mamaye rundunar, wani ɓangare saboda ajin [[Gasar Olympic|Olympics]] ne. == Shahararrun Ma'aikatan Jirgin Ruwa na Redhouse Yacht Club == * Andrew Collier * Phillipa Baer * Justin Onvlee – Matukin jirgin ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu wanda, a cikin jirgin ruwa kuma mai ban mamaki, za a naɗa shi, Zakaran Duniya na Laser 4.7 na 2004: Launuka na Protea: Lardin Gabas Launuka: Laser 4.7 Gasar Duniya ta 2004 – Riva del Garda Italiya – Na 1: Ɗan Wasan Jiragen Ruwa na Junior na Shekara – 2004 Kofin David Butler: Ɗan Wasan Jiragen Ruwa na Junior na Shekara – 2005 Kofin David Butler: * Gregory Reuvers – Matukin jirgin ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu, wanda tarihinsa na mafi kyawun Matukin jirgin ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya shekaru 22 bayan haka, Ian Walker March ya fi shi, inda ya zo na 5 a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na Optimist ta 2019. Junior Yachtsman na Shekara 1997 – Kofin David Butler: Launukan Jirgin Ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu Launuka: Lambun Gabashin Launuka: Gasar Cin Kofin Turai 1996 – Palma Mallorca Spain – na 56: Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Optimist 1997 – Carrickfergus – na 24: Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Optimist 1998 – Portugal – na 31: * Simon Baer- Matukin jirgin ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu ya samu lambar yabo ta 27 a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Optimist: Launukan Jiragen Ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu: Launukan Gabashin Lambun: Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Optimist 1998 – Portugal – 27: Zakaran Kasa na Optimist na Afirka ta Kudu – 1998: * Jamie Waters, Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Afirka ta Kudu, Tawagar 'Yan Wasan Ruwa ta Yamma * Mike Giles == Manazarta == ql3y54qvxgr79j316yj4asugivv5pam 878720 878719 2026-07-07T21:56:06Z Nnamadee 31123 878720 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ƙungiyar Redhouse Yacht Club''' (RYC), wacce take ɗaya daga cikin tsofaffin ƙungiyoyin jiragen ruwa a Afirka ta Kudu,<ref>East Cape Tourism Board states: "Redhouse … yacht club being one of the oldest in the country." Retrieved 2007-01-29</ref> tana karɓar manyan tsere-raye na jiragen ruwa, kuma tana gudanar da shirin horo wanda ya samar da zakarun jiragen ruwa na duniya.<ref>International Sailing Federation site, Phillipa Baer (statistics), 2003 African Optimist Championship (international event)</ref> Ƙungiyar tana cikin ƙauyen Redhouse, Eastern Cape, [[Afirka ta Kudu|Afirka ta Kudu,]] cikin mintuna goma sha biyar da mota daga [[Port Elizabeth]] . Tana kan [[Zwartkops River|kogin Zwartkops]], wani magudanar ruwa zuwa [[Bayar Algoa|Algoa Bay]] wanda sanannen wurin hutu ne, kuma babbar cibiyar jiragen ruwa ta Afirka ta Kudu. == Ayyuka == Kungiyar tana kula da matuƙan jiragen ruwa, tana ɗaukar nauyin wani babban shirin tsere na jirgin ruwa, tana da alaƙa da Kwalejin Jiragen Ruwa ta Afirka ta Kudu kuma memba ce a Ƙungiyar Jiragen Ruwa ta Duniya da kuma wani ɓangare na Jiragen Ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu (ƙungiyar). Yanayin da ke kewaye da Algoa Bay yana ba da damar yin tafiya a duk shekara, kuma yin tafiya a kogi yana ba da yanayi mai kariya ga ƙananan jiragen ruwa. Akwai tsere kusan biyu a kowane mako a duk shekara tare da manyan abubuwan da suka faru a lokaci-lokaci ciki har da regattas na ƙasa. A lokacin da aka haɓaka ƙungiyar, ƙungiyar ta ƙunshi manyan jiragen ruwa na jiragen ruwa daban-daban tare da manyan jiragen ruwa na tsere waɗanda a halin yanzu suka ƙunshi Lasers, Mirrors, da Optimists . Kungiyar tana karbar bakuncin gasar tseren kwale-kwale ta Eastern Cape ta shekara-shekara tsakanin makarantu, kuma an gudanar da gasar karo na 23 a shekarar 1999 Ƙungiyar tana ba da sabis na jiragen ruwa ga masu jiragen ruwa na gida da na baƙi, kuma Hukumar Yawon Bude Ido ta Gabashin Cape ta amince da ita a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin wuraren shakatawa na yankin. == Tarihi == Ƙungiyar ta fara ne a shekarar 1904 lokacin da ƙungiyar masu jiragen ruwa suka haɗu a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Mr. RP Jones, a Zwartkops Rowing Club da ke ƙauyen Redhouse, Afirka ta Kudu. An nuna nau'ikan jiragen ruwa guda uku a tseren farko a ƙarƙashin launukan Club: tan biyar, tan uku, da tan biyu, duk da cewa, akasin haka, shahararrun jiragen ruwa na yau kamar Lasers da Optimist suna da iyaka da matsakaicin nauyin kilogiram 55 da 35 bi da bi. An gudanar da bikin kade-kade na ƙasa a Redhouse don murnar cika shekaru 50 da kafa ƙungiyar a shekarar 1954, kuma an gudanar da bikin kade-kade na ƙarni na ɗari bayan shekaru hamsin a watan Oktoban 2004. A shekarun 1970-1979, ajin Mirror ya shahara inda mata da yara suka shiga cikin harkar, yayin da jiragen ruwa na ƙananan yara suka ƙaru da bayyanar jirgin ruwan hannu ɗaya mai suna Optimist, wanda tun daga lokacin ya zama jirgin horo na ƙungiyar. Zuwa shekarar 1975, jirgin Laser mai hannu ɗaya ya bayyana a RYC kuma yanzu ya mamaye rundunar, wani ɓangare saboda ajin [[Gasar Olympic|Olympics]] ne. == Shahararrun Ma'aikatan Jirgin Ruwa na Redhouse Yacht Club == * Andrew Collier * Phillipa Baer * Justin Onvlee – Matukin jirgin ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu wanda, a cikin jirgin ruwa kuma mai ban mamaki, za a naɗa shi, Zakaran Duniya na Laser 4.7 na 2004: Launuka na Protea: Lardin Gabas Launuka: Laser 4.7 Gasar Duniya ta 2004 – Riva del Garda Italiya – Na 1: Ɗan Wasan Jiragen Ruwa na Junior na Shekara – 2004 Kofin David Butler: Ɗan Wasan Jiragen Ruwa na Junior na Shekara – 2005 Kofin David Butler: * Gregory Reuvers – Matukin jirgin ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu, wanda tarihinsa na mafi kyawun Matukin jirgin ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya shekaru 22 bayan haka, Ian Walker March ya fi shi, inda ya zo na 5 a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na Optimist ta 2019. Junior Yachtsman na Shekara 1997 – Kofin David Butler: Launukan Jirgin Ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu Launuka: Lambun Gabashin Launuka: Gasar Cin Kofin Turai 1996 – Palma Mallorca Spain – na 56: Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Optimist 1997 – Carrickfergus – na 24: Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Optimist 1998 – Portugal – na 31: * Simon Baer- Matukin jirgin ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu ya samu lambar yabo ta 27 a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Optimist: Launukan Jiragen Ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu: Launukan Gabashin Lambun: Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Optimist 1998 – Portugal – 27: Zakaran Kasa na Optimist na Afirka ta Kudu – 1998: * Jamie Waters, Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Afirka ta Kudu, Tawagar 'Yan Wasan Ruwa ta Yamma * Mike Giles == Manazarta == kyu505e0awvbqrjqxvrm1w6ea3ijxfs 878721 878720 2026-07-07T21:56:36Z Nnamadee 31123 878721 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ƙungiyar Redhouse Yacht Club''' (RYC), wacce take ɗaya daga cikin tsofaffin ƙungiyoyin jiragen ruwa a Afirka ta Kudu,<ref>East Cape Tourism Board states: "Redhouse … yacht club being one of the oldest in the country." Retrieved 2007-01-29</ref> tana karɓar manyan tsere-raye na jiragen ruwa, kuma tana gudanar da shirin horo wanda ya samar da zakarun jiragen ruwa na duniya.<ref>International Sailing Federation site, Phillipa Baer (statistics), 2003 African Optimist Championship (international event)</ref><ref>"Feature Article – January '05 – Sailor of the Year". Sailing: Inland & Offshore. <nowiki>http://www.sailing.co.za/oldfeat/2005/fa_2321.htm</nowiki>. Optimist Champion Justin Onvlee, from RYC. Retrieved 2007-01-28.</ref> Ƙungiyar tana cikin ƙauyen Redhouse, Eastern Cape, [[Afirka ta Kudu|Afirka ta Kudu,]] cikin mintuna goma sha biyar da mota daga [[Port Elizabeth]] . Tana kan [[Zwartkops River|kogin Zwartkops]], wani magudanar ruwa zuwa [[Bayar Algoa|Algoa Bay]] wanda sanannen wurin hutu ne, kuma babbar cibiyar jiragen ruwa ta Afirka ta Kudu. == Ayyuka == Kungiyar tana kula da matuƙan jiragen ruwa, tana ɗaukar nauyin wani babban shirin tsere na jirgin ruwa, tana da alaƙa da Kwalejin Jiragen Ruwa ta Afirka ta Kudu kuma memba ce a Ƙungiyar Jiragen Ruwa ta Duniya da kuma wani ɓangare na Jiragen Ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu (ƙungiyar). Yanayin da ke kewaye da Algoa Bay yana ba da damar yin tafiya a duk shekara, kuma yin tafiya a kogi yana ba da yanayi mai kariya ga ƙananan jiragen ruwa. Akwai tsere kusan biyu a kowane mako a duk shekara tare da manyan abubuwan da suka faru a lokaci-lokaci ciki har da regattas na ƙasa. A lokacin da aka haɓaka ƙungiyar, ƙungiyar ta ƙunshi manyan jiragen ruwa na jiragen ruwa daban-daban tare da manyan jiragen ruwa na tsere waɗanda a halin yanzu suka ƙunshi Lasers, Mirrors, da Optimists . Kungiyar tana karbar bakuncin gasar tseren kwale-kwale ta Eastern Cape ta shekara-shekara tsakanin makarantu, kuma an gudanar da gasar karo na 23 a shekarar 1999 Ƙungiyar tana ba da sabis na jiragen ruwa ga masu jiragen ruwa na gida da na baƙi, kuma Hukumar Yawon Bude Ido ta Gabashin Cape ta amince da ita a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin wuraren shakatawa na yankin. == Tarihi == Ƙungiyar ta fara ne a shekarar 1904 lokacin da ƙungiyar masu jiragen ruwa suka haɗu a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Mr. RP Jones, a Zwartkops Rowing Club da ke ƙauyen Redhouse, Afirka ta Kudu. An nuna nau'ikan jiragen ruwa guda uku a tseren farko a ƙarƙashin launukan Club: tan biyar, tan uku, da tan biyu, duk da cewa, akasin haka, shahararrun jiragen ruwa na yau kamar Lasers da Optimist suna da iyaka da matsakaicin nauyin kilogiram 55 da 35 bi da bi. An gudanar da bikin kade-kade na ƙasa a Redhouse don murnar cika shekaru 50 da kafa ƙungiyar a shekarar 1954, kuma an gudanar da bikin kade-kade na ƙarni na ɗari bayan shekaru hamsin a watan Oktoban 2004. A shekarun 1970-1979, ajin Mirror ya shahara inda mata da yara suka shiga cikin harkar, yayin da jiragen ruwa na ƙananan yara suka ƙaru da bayyanar jirgin ruwan hannu ɗaya mai suna Optimist, wanda tun daga lokacin ya zama jirgin horo na ƙungiyar. Zuwa shekarar 1975, jirgin Laser mai hannu ɗaya ya bayyana a RYC kuma yanzu ya mamaye rundunar, wani ɓangare saboda ajin [[Gasar Olympic|Olympics]] ne. == Shahararrun Ma'aikatan Jirgin Ruwa na Redhouse Yacht Club == * Andrew Collier * Phillipa Baer * Justin Onvlee – Matukin jirgin ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu wanda, a cikin jirgin ruwa kuma mai ban mamaki, za a naɗa shi, Zakaran Duniya na Laser 4.7 na 2004: Launuka na Protea: Lardin Gabas Launuka: Laser 4.7 Gasar Duniya ta 2004 – Riva del Garda Italiya – Na 1: Ɗan Wasan Jiragen Ruwa na Junior na Shekara – 2004 Kofin David Butler: Ɗan Wasan Jiragen Ruwa na Junior na Shekara – 2005 Kofin David Butler: * Gregory Reuvers – Matukin jirgin ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu, wanda tarihinsa na mafi kyawun Matukin jirgin ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya shekaru 22 bayan haka, Ian Walker March ya fi shi, inda ya zo na 5 a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na Optimist ta 2019. Junior Yachtsman na Shekara 1997 – Kofin David Butler: Launukan Jirgin Ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu Launuka: Lambun Gabashin Launuka: Gasar Cin Kofin Turai 1996 – Palma Mallorca Spain – na 56: Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Optimist 1997 – Carrickfergus – na 24: Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Optimist 1998 – Portugal – na 31: * Simon Baer- Matukin jirgin ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu ya samu lambar yabo ta 27 a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Optimist: Launukan Jiragen Ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu: Launukan Gabashin Lambun: Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Optimist 1998 – Portugal – 27: Zakaran Kasa na Optimist na Afirka ta Kudu – 1998: * Jamie Waters, Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Afirka ta Kudu, Tawagar 'Yan Wasan Ruwa ta Yamma * Mike Giles == Manazarta == esa5yvtyk65j7oys9q1yi8zxxta9e42 878722 878721 2026-07-07T21:57:14Z Nnamadee 31123 878722 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ƙungiyar Redhouse Yacht Club''' (RYC), wacce take ɗaya daga cikin tsofaffin ƙungiyoyin jiragen ruwa a Afirka ta Kudu,<ref>East Cape Tourism Board states: "Redhouse … yacht club being one of the oldest in the country." Retrieved 2007-01-29</ref> tana karɓar manyan tsere-raye na jiragen ruwa, kuma tana gudanar da shirin horo wanda ya samar da zakarun jiragen ruwa na duniya.<ref>International Sailing Federation site, Phillipa Baer (statistics), 2003 African Optimist Championship (international event)</ref><ref>"Feature Article – January '05 – Sailor of the Year". Sailing: Inland & Offshore. <nowiki>http://www.sailing.co.za/oldfeat/2005/fa_2321.htm</nowiki>. Optimist Champion Justin Onvlee, from RYC. Retrieved 2007-01-28.</ref> Ƙungiyar tana cikin ƙauyen Redhouse, Eastern Cape, [[Afirka ta Kudu|Afirka ta Kudu,]] cikin mintuna goma sha biyar da mota daga [[Port Elizabeth]] . Tana kan [[Zwartkops River|kogin Zwartkops]], wani magudanar ruwa zuwa [[Bayar Algoa|Algoa Bay]] wanda sanannen wurin hutu ne, kuma babbar cibiyar jiragen ruwa ta Afirka ta Kudu. == Ayyuka == Kungiyar tana kula da matuƙan jiragen ruwa, tana ɗaukar nauyin wani babban shirin tsere na jirgin ruwa, tana da alaƙa da Kwalejin Jiragen Ruwa ta Afirka ta Kudu<ref>South African Sailing Academy – roster of affiliated facilities – Retrieved 2007-01-29</ref> kuma memba ce a Ƙungiyar Jiragen Ruwa ta Duniya da kuma wani ɓangare na Jiragen Ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu (ƙungiyar). Yanayin da ke kewaye da Algoa Bay yana ba da damar yin tafiya a duk shekara, kuma yin tafiya a kogi yana ba da yanayi mai kariya ga ƙananan jiragen ruwa. Akwai tsere kusan biyu a kowane mako a duk shekara tare da manyan abubuwan da suka faru a lokaci-lokaci ciki har da regattas na ƙasa. A lokacin da aka haɓaka ƙungiyar, ƙungiyar ta ƙunshi manyan jiragen ruwa na jiragen ruwa daban-daban tare da manyan jiragen ruwa na tsere waɗanda a halin yanzu suka ƙunshi Lasers, Mirrors, da Optimists . Kungiyar tana karbar bakuncin gasar tseren kwale-kwale ta Eastern Cape ta shekara-shekara tsakanin makarantu, kuma an gudanar da gasar karo na 23 a shekarar 1999 Ƙungiyar tana ba da sabis na jiragen ruwa ga masu jiragen ruwa na gida da na baƙi, kuma Hukumar Yawon Bude Ido ta Gabashin Cape ta amince da ita a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin wuraren shakatawa na yankin. == Tarihi == Ƙungiyar ta fara ne a shekarar 1904 lokacin da ƙungiyar masu jiragen ruwa suka haɗu a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Mr. RP Jones, a Zwartkops Rowing Club da ke ƙauyen Redhouse, Afirka ta Kudu. An nuna nau'ikan jiragen ruwa guda uku a tseren farko a ƙarƙashin launukan Club: tan biyar, tan uku, da tan biyu, duk da cewa, akasin haka, shahararrun jiragen ruwa na yau kamar Lasers da Optimist suna da iyaka da matsakaicin nauyin kilogiram 55 da 35 bi da bi. An gudanar da bikin kade-kade na ƙasa a Redhouse don murnar cika shekaru 50 da kafa ƙungiyar a shekarar 1954, kuma an gudanar da bikin kade-kade na ƙarni na ɗari bayan shekaru hamsin a watan Oktoban 2004. A shekarun 1970-1979, ajin Mirror ya shahara inda mata da yara suka shiga cikin harkar, yayin da jiragen ruwa na ƙananan yara suka ƙaru da bayyanar jirgin ruwan hannu ɗaya mai suna Optimist, wanda tun daga lokacin ya zama jirgin horo na ƙungiyar. Zuwa shekarar 1975, jirgin Laser mai hannu ɗaya ya bayyana a RYC kuma yanzu ya mamaye rundunar, wani ɓangare saboda ajin [[Gasar Olympic|Olympics]] ne. == Shahararrun Ma'aikatan Jirgin Ruwa na Redhouse Yacht Club == * Andrew Collier * Phillipa Baer * Justin Onvlee – Matukin jirgin ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu wanda, a cikin jirgin ruwa kuma mai ban mamaki, za a naɗa shi, Zakaran Duniya na Laser 4.7 na 2004: Launuka na Protea: Lardin Gabas Launuka: Laser 4.7 Gasar Duniya ta 2004 – Riva del Garda Italiya – Na 1: Ɗan Wasan Jiragen Ruwa na Junior na Shekara – 2004 Kofin David Butler: Ɗan Wasan Jiragen Ruwa na Junior na Shekara – 2005 Kofin David Butler: * Gregory Reuvers – Matukin jirgin ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu, wanda tarihinsa na mafi kyawun Matukin jirgin ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya shekaru 22 bayan haka, Ian Walker March ya fi shi, inda ya zo na 5 a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na Optimist ta 2019. Junior Yachtsman na Shekara 1997 – Kofin David Butler: Launukan Jirgin Ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu Launuka: Lambun Gabashin Launuka: Gasar Cin Kofin Turai 1996 – Palma Mallorca Spain – na 56: Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Optimist 1997 – Carrickfergus – na 24: Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Optimist 1998 – Portugal – na 31: * Simon Baer- Matukin jirgin ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu ya samu lambar yabo ta 27 a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Optimist: Launukan Jiragen Ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu: Launukan Gabashin Lambun: Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Optimist 1998 – Portugal – 27: Zakaran Kasa na Optimist na Afirka ta Kudu – 1998: * Jamie Waters, Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Afirka ta Kudu, Tawagar 'Yan Wasan Ruwa ta Yamma * Mike Giles == Manazarta == sbt6u65oib45g9qmlaemw8wci4mjrww 878723 878722 2026-07-07T21:58:13Z Nnamadee 31123 878723 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ƙungiyar Redhouse Yacht Club''' (RYC), wacce take ɗaya daga cikin tsofaffin ƙungiyoyin jiragen ruwa a Afirka ta Kudu,<ref>East Cape Tourism Board states: "Redhouse … yacht club being one of the oldest in the country." Retrieved 2007-01-29</ref> tana karɓar manyan tsere-raye na jiragen ruwa, kuma tana gudanar da shirin horo wanda ya samar da zakarun jiragen ruwa na duniya.<ref>International Sailing Federation site, Phillipa Baer (statistics), 2003 African Optimist Championship (international event)</ref><ref>"Feature Article – January '05 – Sailor of the Year". Sailing: Inland & Offshore. <nowiki>http://www.sailing.co.za/oldfeat/2005/fa_2321.htm</nowiki>. Optimist Champion Justin Onvlee, from RYC. Retrieved 2007-01-28.</ref> Ƙungiyar tana cikin ƙauyen Redhouse, Eastern Cape, [[Afirka ta Kudu|Afirka ta Kudu,]] cikin mintuna goma sha biyar da mota daga [[Port Elizabeth]] . Tana kan [[Zwartkops River|kogin Zwartkops]], wani magudanar ruwa zuwa [[Bayar Algoa|Algoa Bay]] wanda sanannen wurin hutu ne, kuma babbar cibiyar jiragen ruwa ta Afirka ta Kudu. == Ayyuka == Kungiyar tana kula da matuƙan jiragen ruwa, tana ɗaukar nauyin wani babban shirin tsere na jirgin ruwa, tana da alaƙa da Kwalejin Jiragen Ruwa ta Afirka ta Kudu<ref>South African Sailing Academy – roster of affiliated facilities – Retrieved 2007-01-29</ref> kuma memba ce a Ƙungiyar Jiragen Ruwa ta Duniya da kuma wani ɓangare na Jiragen Ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu (ƙungiyar).<ref>"South African Sailing :: The Home of SA Sailing". South African Sailing (website). <nowiki>http://www.sailing.org.za/index.php?module=Clublist&func=display&tid=40</nowiki> Retrieved 2007-01-28.</ref> Yanayin da ke kewaye da Algoa Bay yana ba da damar yin tafiya a duk shekara, kuma yin tafiya a kogi yana ba da yanayi mai kariya ga ƙananan jiragen ruwa. Akwai tsere kusan biyu a kowane mako a duk shekara tare da manyan abubuwan da suka faru a lokaci-lokaci ciki har da regattas na ƙasa. A lokacin da aka haɓaka ƙungiyar, ƙungiyar ta ƙunshi manyan jiragen ruwa na jiragen ruwa daban-daban tare da manyan jiragen ruwa na tsere waɗanda a halin yanzu suka ƙunshi Lasers, Mirrors, da Optimists. Kungiyar tana karbar bakuncin gasar tseren kwale-kwale ta Eastern Cape ta shekara-shekara tsakanin makarantu, kuma an gudanar da gasar karo na 23 a shekarar 1999 Ƙungiyar tana ba da sabis na jiragen ruwa ga masu jiragen ruwa na gida da na baƙi, kuma Hukumar Yawon Bude Ido ta Gabashin Cape ta amince da ita a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin wuraren shakatawa na yankin. == Tarihi == Ƙungiyar ta fara ne a shekarar 1904 lokacin da ƙungiyar masu jiragen ruwa suka haɗu a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Mr. RP Jones, a Zwartkops Rowing Club da ke ƙauyen Redhouse, Afirka ta Kudu. An nuna nau'ikan jiragen ruwa guda uku a tseren farko a ƙarƙashin launukan Club: tan biyar, tan uku, da tan biyu, duk da cewa, akasin haka, shahararrun jiragen ruwa na yau kamar Lasers da Optimist suna da iyaka da matsakaicin nauyin kilogiram 55 da 35 bi da bi. An gudanar da bikin kade-kade na ƙasa a Redhouse don murnar cika shekaru 50 da kafa ƙungiyar a shekarar 1954, kuma an gudanar da bikin kade-kade na ƙarni na ɗari bayan shekaru hamsin a watan Oktoban 2004. A shekarun 1970-1979, ajin Mirror ya shahara inda mata da yara suka shiga cikin harkar, yayin da jiragen ruwa na ƙananan yara suka ƙaru da bayyanar jirgin ruwan hannu ɗaya mai suna Optimist, wanda tun daga lokacin ya zama jirgin horo na ƙungiyar. Zuwa shekarar 1975, jirgin Laser mai hannu ɗaya ya bayyana a RYC kuma yanzu ya mamaye rundunar, wani ɓangare saboda ajin [[Gasar Olympic|Olympics]] ne. == Shahararrun Ma'aikatan Jirgin Ruwa na Redhouse Yacht Club == * Andrew Collier * Phillipa Baer * Justin Onvlee – Matukin jirgin ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu wanda, a cikin jirgin ruwa kuma mai ban mamaki, za a naɗa shi, Zakaran Duniya na Laser 4.7 na 2004: Launuka na Protea: Lardin Gabas Launuka: Laser 4.7 Gasar Duniya ta 2004 – Riva del Garda Italiya – Na 1: Ɗan Wasan Jiragen Ruwa na Junior na Shekara – 2004 Kofin David Butler: Ɗan Wasan Jiragen Ruwa na Junior na Shekara – 2005 Kofin David Butler: * Gregory Reuvers – Matukin jirgin ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu, wanda tarihinsa na mafi kyawun Matukin jirgin ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya shekaru 22 bayan haka, Ian Walker March ya fi shi, inda ya zo na 5 a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na Optimist ta 2019. Junior Yachtsman na Shekara 1997 – Kofin David Butler: Launukan Jirgin Ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu Launuka: Lambun Gabashin Launuka: Gasar Cin Kofin Turai 1996 – Palma Mallorca Spain – na 56: Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Optimist 1997 – Carrickfergus – na 24: Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Optimist 1998 – Portugal – na 31: * Simon Baer- Matukin jirgin ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu ya samu lambar yabo ta 27 a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Optimist: Launukan Jiragen Ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu: Launukan Gabashin Lambun: Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Optimist 1998 – Portugal – 27: Zakaran Kasa na Optimist na Afirka ta Kudu – 1998: * Jamie Waters, Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Afirka ta Kudu, Tawagar 'Yan Wasan Ruwa ta Yamma * Mike Giles == Manazarta == 5zq8a6m5c998415zaegt7ksqikybvxe 878724 878723 2026-07-07T21:58:57Z Nnamadee 31123 878724 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ƙungiyar Redhouse Yacht Club''' (RYC), wacce take ɗaya daga cikin tsofaffin ƙungiyoyin jiragen ruwa a Afirka ta Kudu,<ref>East Cape Tourism Board states: "Redhouse … yacht club being one of the oldest in the country." Retrieved 2007-01-29</ref> tana karɓar manyan tsere-raye na jiragen ruwa, kuma tana gudanar da shirin horo wanda ya samar da zakarun jiragen ruwa na duniya.<ref>International Sailing Federation site, Phillipa Baer (statistics), 2003 African Optimist Championship (international event)</ref><ref>"Feature Article – January '05 – Sailor of the Year". Sailing: Inland & Offshore. <nowiki>http://www.sailing.co.za/oldfeat/2005/fa_2321.htm</nowiki>. Optimist Champion Justin Onvlee, from RYC. Retrieved 2007-01-28.</ref> Ƙungiyar tana cikin ƙauyen Redhouse, Eastern Cape, [[Afirka ta Kudu|Afirka ta Kudu,]] cikin mintuna goma sha biyar da mota daga [[Port Elizabeth]] . Tana kan [[Zwartkops River|kogin Zwartkops]], wani magudanar ruwa zuwa [[Bayar Algoa|Algoa Bay]] wanda sanannen wurin hutu ne, kuma babbar cibiyar jiragen ruwa ta Afirka ta Kudu. == Ayyuka == Kungiyar tana kula da matuƙan jiragen ruwa, tana ɗaukar nauyin wani babban shirin tsere na jirgin ruwa, tana da alaƙa da Kwalejin Jiragen Ruwa ta Afirka ta Kudu<ref>South African Sailing Academy – roster of affiliated facilities – Retrieved 2007-01-29</ref> kuma memba ce a Ƙungiyar Jiragen Ruwa ta Duniya da kuma wani ɓangare na Jiragen Ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu (ƙungiyar).<ref>"South African Sailing :: The Home of SA Sailing". South African Sailing (website). <nowiki>http://www.sailing.org.za/index.php?module=Clublist&func=display&tid=40</nowiki> Retrieved 2007-01-28.</ref> Yanayin da ke kewaye da Algoa Bay yana ba da damar yin tafiya a duk shekara, kuma yin tafiya a kogi yana ba da yanayi mai kariya ga ƙananan jiragen ruwa. Akwai tsere kusan biyu a kowane mako a duk shekara tare da manyan abubuwan da suka faru a lokaci-lokaci ciki har da regattas na ƙasa. A lokacin da aka haɓaka ƙungiyar, ƙungiyar ta ƙunshi manyan jiragen ruwa na jiragen ruwa daban-daban tare da manyan jiragen ruwa na tsere waɗanda a halin yanzu suka ƙunshi Lasers, Mirrors, da Optimists. Kungiyar tana karbar bakuncin gasar tseren kwale-kwale ta Eastern Cape ta shekara-shekara tsakanin makarantu, kuma an gudanar da gasar karo na 23 a shekarar 1999.<ref>"Redhouse River Mile set for mid-February". The Herald (South African newspaper). <nowiki>http://www.theherald.co.za/herald/2002/12/13/sport/sp07_13122002.htm</nowiki>. 2002-12-13. Retrieved 2007-01-28.</ref> Ƙungiyar tana ba da sabis na jiragen ruwa ga masu jiragen ruwa na gida da na baƙi, kuma Hukumar Yawon Bude Ido ta Gabashin Cape ta amince da ita a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin wuraren shakatawa na yankin. == Tarihi == Ƙungiyar ta fara ne a shekarar 1904 lokacin da ƙungiyar masu jiragen ruwa suka haɗu a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Mr. RP Jones, a Zwartkops Rowing Club da ke ƙauyen Redhouse, Afirka ta Kudu. An nuna nau'ikan jiragen ruwa guda uku a tseren farko a ƙarƙashin launukan Club: tan biyar, tan uku, da tan biyu, duk da cewa, akasin haka, shahararrun jiragen ruwa na yau kamar Lasers da Optimist suna da iyaka da matsakaicin nauyin kilogiram 55 da 35 bi da bi. An gudanar da bikin kade-kade na ƙasa a Redhouse don murnar cika shekaru 50 da kafa ƙungiyar a shekarar 1954, kuma an gudanar da bikin kade-kade na ƙarni na ɗari bayan shekaru hamsin a watan Oktoban 2004. A shekarun 1970-1979, ajin Mirror ya shahara inda mata da yara suka shiga cikin harkar, yayin da jiragen ruwa na ƙananan yara suka ƙaru da bayyanar jirgin ruwan hannu ɗaya mai suna Optimist, wanda tun daga lokacin ya zama jirgin horo na ƙungiyar. Zuwa shekarar 1975, jirgin Laser mai hannu ɗaya ya bayyana a RYC kuma yanzu ya mamaye rundunar, wani ɓangare saboda ajin [[Gasar Olympic|Olympics]] ne. == Shahararrun Ma'aikatan Jirgin Ruwa na Redhouse Yacht Club == * Andrew Collier * Phillipa Baer * Justin Onvlee – Matukin jirgin ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu wanda, a cikin jirgin ruwa kuma mai ban mamaki, za a naɗa shi, Zakaran Duniya na Laser 4.7 na 2004: Launuka na Protea: Lardin Gabas Launuka: Laser 4.7 Gasar Duniya ta 2004 – Riva del Garda Italiya – Na 1: Ɗan Wasan Jiragen Ruwa na Junior na Shekara – 2004 Kofin David Butler: Ɗan Wasan Jiragen Ruwa na Junior na Shekara – 2005 Kofin David Butler: * Gregory Reuvers – Matukin jirgin ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu, wanda tarihinsa na mafi kyawun Matukin jirgin ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya shekaru 22 bayan haka, Ian Walker March ya fi shi, inda ya zo na 5 a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na Optimist ta 2019. Junior Yachtsman na Shekara 1997 – Kofin David Butler: Launukan Jirgin Ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu Launuka: Lambun Gabashin Launuka: Gasar Cin Kofin Turai 1996 – Palma Mallorca Spain – na 56: Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Optimist 1997 – Carrickfergus – na 24: Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Optimist 1998 – Portugal – na 31: * Simon Baer- Matukin jirgin ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu ya samu lambar yabo ta 27 a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Optimist: Launukan Jiragen Ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu: Launukan Gabashin Lambun: Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Optimist 1998 – Portugal – 27: Zakaran Kasa na Optimist na Afirka ta Kudu – 1998: * Jamie Waters, Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Afirka ta Kudu, Tawagar 'Yan Wasan Ruwa ta Yamma * Mike Giles == Manazarta == o53fgs7btrm6f908tkik96ziysny2im 878725 878724 2026-07-07T21:59:34Z Nnamadee 31123 878725 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ƙungiyar Redhouse Yacht Club''' (RYC), wacce take ɗaya daga cikin tsofaffin ƙungiyoyin jiragen ruwa a Afirka ta Kudu,<ref>East Cape Tourism Board states: "Redhouse … yacht club being one of the oldest in the country." Retrieved 2007-01-29</ref> tana karɓar manyan tsere-raye na jiragen ruwa, kuma tana gudanar da shirin horo wanda ya samar da zakarun jiragen ruwa na duniya.<ref>International Sailing Federation site, Phillipa Baer (statistics), 2003 African Optimist Championship (international event)</ref><ref>"Feature Article – January '05 – Sailor of the Year". Sailing: Inland & Offshore. <nowiki>http://www.sailing.co.za/oldfeat/2005/fa_2321.htm</nowiki>. Optimist Champion Justin Onvlee, from RYC. Retrieved 2007-01-28.</ref> Ƙungiyar tana cikin ƙauyen Redhouse, Eastern Cape, [[Afirka ta Kudu|Afirka ta Kudu,]] cikin mintuna goma sha biyar da mota daga [[Port Elizabeth]] . Tana kan [[Zwartkops River|kogin Zwartkops]], wani magudanar ruwa zuwa [[Bayar Algoa|Algoa Bay]] wanda sanannen wurin hutu ne, kuma babbar cibiyar jiragen ruwa ta Afirka ta Kudu. == Ayyuka == Kungiyar tana kula da matuƙan jiragen ruwa, tana ɗaukar nauyin wani babban shirin tsere na jirgin ruwa, tana da alaƙa da Kwalejin Jiragen Ruwa ta Afirka ta Kudu<ref>South African Sailing Academy – roster of affiliated facilities – Retrieved 2007-01-29</ref> kuma memba ce a Ƙungiyar Jiragen Ruwa ta Duniya da kuma wani ɓangare na Jiragen Ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu (ƙungiyar).<ref>"South African Sailing :: The Home of SA Sailing". South African Sailing (website). <nowiki>http://www.sailing.org.za/index.php?module=Clublist&func=display&tid=40</nowiki> Retrieved 2007-01-28.</ref> Yanayin da ke kewaye da Algoa Bay yana ba da damar yin tafiya a duk shekara, kuma yin tafiya a kogi yana ba da yanayi mai kariya ga ƙananan jiragen ruwa. Akwai tsere kusan biyu a kowane mako a duk shekara tare da manyan abubuwan da suka faru a lokaci-lokaci ciki har da regattas na ƙasa. A lokacin da aka haɓaka ƙungiyar, ƙungiyar ta ƙunshi manyan jiragen ruwa na jiragen ruwa daban-daban tare da manyan jiragen ruwa na tsere waɗanda a halin yanzu suka ƙunshi Lasers, Mirrors, da Optimists. Kungiyar tana karbar bakuncin gasar tseren kwale-kwale ta Eastern Cape ta shekara-shekara tsakanin makarantu, kuma an gudanar da gasar karo na 23 a shekarar 1999.<ref>Stirk, Tim. "Shooting the Breeze". Daily Dispatch (South African newspaper). <nowiki>http://www.dispatch.co.za/1999/03/12/easterncape/YACHT.HTM</nowiki>. 1999-03-12. Retrieved 2007-01-28.</ref><ref>"Redhouse River Mile set for mid-February". The Herald (South African newspaper). <nowiki>http://www.theherald.co.za/herald/2002/12/13/sport/sp07_13122002.htm</nowiki>. 2002-12-13. Retrieved 2007-01-28.</ref> Ƙungiyar tana ba da sabis na jiragen ruwa ga masu jiragen ruwa na gida da na baƙi, kuma Hukumar Yawon Bude Ido ta Gabashin Cape ta amince da ita a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin wuraren shakatawa na yankin. == Tarihi == Ƙungiyar ta fara ne a shekarar 1904 lokacin da ƙungiyar masu jiragen ruwa suka haɗu a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Mr. RP Jones, a Zwartkops Rowing Club da ke ƙauyen Redhouse, Afirka ta Kudu. An nuna nau'ikan jiragen ruwa guda uku a tseren farko a ƙarƙashin launukan Club: tan biyar, tan uku, da tan biyu, duk da cewa, akasin haka, shahararrun jiragen ruwa na yau kamar Lasers da Optimist suna da iyaka da matsakaicin nauyin kilogiram 55 da 35 bi da bi. An gudanar da bikin kade-kade na ƙasa a Redhouse don murnar cika shekaru 50 da kafa ƙungiyar a shekarar 1954, kuma an gudanar da bikin kade-kade na ƙarni na ɗari bayan shekaru hamsin a watan Oktoban 2004. A shekarun 1970-1979, ajin Mirror ya shahara inda mata da yara suka shiga cikin harkar, yayin da jiragen ruwa na ƙananan yara suka ƙaru da bayyanar jirgin ruwan hannu ɗaya mai suna Optimist, wanda tun daga lokacin ya zama jirgin horo na ƙungiyar. Zuwa shekarar 1975, jirgin Laser mai hannu ɗaya ya bayyana a RYC kuma yanzu ya mamaye rundunar, wani ɓangare saboda ajin [[Gasar Olympic|Olympics]] ne. == Shahararrun Ma'aikatan Jirgin Ruwa na Redhouse Yacht Club == * Andrew Collier * Phillipa Baer * Justin Onvlee – Matukin jirgin ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu wanda, a cikin jirgin ruwa kuma mai ban mamaki, za a naɗa shi, Zakaran Duniya na Laser 4.7 na 2004: Launuka na Protea: Lardin Gabas Launuka: Laser 4.7 Gasar Duniya ta 2004 – Riva del Garda Italiya – Na 1: Ɗan Wasan Jiragen Ruwa na Junior na Shekara – 2004 Kofin David Butler: Ɗan Wasan Jiragen Ruwa na Junior na Shekara – 2005 Kofin David Butler: * Gregory Reuvers – Matukin jirgin ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu, wanda tarihinsa na mafi kyawun Matukin jirgin ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya shekaru 22 bayan haka, Ian Walker March ya fi shi, inda ya zo na 5 a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na Optimist ta 2019. Junior Yachtsman na Shekara 1997 – Kofin David Butler: Launukan Jirgin Ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu Launuka: Lambun Gabashin Launuka: Gasar Cin Kofin Turai 1996 – Palma Mallorca Spain – na 56: Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Optimist 1997 – Carrickfergus – na 24: Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Optimist 1998 – Portugal – na 31: * Simon Baer- Matukin jirgin ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu ya samu lambar yabo ta 27 a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Optimist: Launukan Jiragen Ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu: Launukan Gabashin Lambun: Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Optimist 1998 – Portugal – 27: Zakaran Kasa na Optimist na Afirka ta Kudu – 1998: * Jamie Waters, Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Afirka ta Kudu, Tawagar 'Yan Wasan Ruwa ta Yamma * Mike Giles == Manazarta == cifn6xa55x1p1mnnvsici56k6wrqslu 878726 878725 2026-07-07T22:00:14Z Nnamadee 31123 878726 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ƙungiyar Redhouse Yacht Club''' (RYC), wacce take ɗaya daga cikin tsofaffin ƙungiyoyin jiragen ruwa a Afirka ta Kudu,<ref>East Cape Tourism Board states: "Redhouse … yacht club being one of the oldest in the country." Retrieved 2007-01-29</ref> tana karɓar manyan tsere-raye na jiragen ruwa, kuma tana gudanar da shirin horo wanda ya samar da zakarun jiragen ruwa na duniya.<ref>International Sailing Federation site, Phillipa Baer (statistics), 2003 African Optimist Championship (international event)</ref><ref>"Feature Article – January '05 – Sailor of the Year". Sailing: Inland & Offshore. <nowiki>http://www.sailing.co.za/oldfeat/2005/fa_2321.htm</nowiki>. Optimist Champion Justin Onvlee, from RYC. Retrieved 2007-01-28.</ref> Ƙungiyar tana cikin ƙauyen Redhouse, Eastern Cape, [[Afirka ta Kudu|Afirka ta Kudu,]] cikin mintuna goma sha biyar da mota daga [[Port Elizabeth]] . Tana kan [[Zwartkops River|kogin Zwartkops]], wani magudanar ruwa zuwa [[Bayar Algoa|Algoa Bay]] wanda sanannen wurin hutu ne, kuma babbar cibiyar jiragen ruwa ta Afirka ta Kudu. == Ayyuka == Kungiyar tana kula da matuƙan jiragen ruwa, tana ɗaukar nauyin wani babban shirin tsere na jirgin ruwa, tana da alaƙa da Kwalejin Jiragen Ruwa ta Afirka ta Kudu<ref>South African Sailing Academy – roster of affiliated facilities – Retrieved 2007-01-29</ref> kuma memba ce a Ƙungiyar Jiragen Ruwa ta Duniya da kuma wani ɓangare na Jiragen Ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu (ƙungiyar).<ref>"South African Sailing :: The Home of SA Sailing". South African Sailing (website). <nowiki>http://www.sailing.org.za/index.php?module=Clublist&func=display&tid=40</nowiki> Retrieved 2007-01-28.</ref> Yanayin da ke kewaye da Algoa Bay yana ba da damar yin tafiya a duk shekara, kuma yin tafiya a kogi yana ba da yanayi mai kariya ga ƙananan jiragen ruwa. Akwai tsere kusan biyu a kowane mako a duk shekara tare da manyan abubuwan da suka faru a lokaci-lokaci ciki har da regattas na ƙasa. A lokacin da aka haɓaka ƙungiyar, ƙungiyar ta ƙunshi manyan jiragen ruwa na jiragen ruwa daban-daban tare da manyan jiragen ruwa na tsere waɗanda a halin yanzu suka ƙunshi Lasers, Mirrors, da Optimists. Kungiyar tana karbar bakuncin gasar tseren kwale-kwale ta Eastern Cape ta shekara-shekara tsakanin makarantu, kuma an gudanar da gasar karo na 23 a shekarar 1999.<ref>Stirk, Tim. "Shooting the Breeze". Daily Dispatch (South African newspaper). <nowiki>http://www.dispatch.co.za/1999/03/12/easterncape/YACHT.HTM</nowiki>. 1999-03-12. Retrieved 2007-01-28.</ref><ref>"Redhouse River Mile set for mid-February". The Herald (South African newspaper). <nowiki>http://www.theherald.co.za/herald/2002/12/13/sport/sp07_13122002.htm</nowiki>. 2002-12-13. Retrieved 2007-01-28.</ref> Ƙungiyar tana ba da sabis na jiragen ruwa ga masu jiragen ruwa na gida da na baƙi,<ref>Marinas in the Eastern Cape of South Africa. Marina Info (website). <nowiki>http://www.marina-info.com/minfo/sa/sa01/sa01mil.htm</nowiki>. 2004-09-27. Retrieved 2007-01-28.</ref> kuma Hukumar Yawon Bude Ido ta Gabashin Cape ta amince da ita a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin wuraren shakatawa na yankin. == Tarihi == Ƙungiyar ta fara ne a shekarar 1904 lokacin da ƙungiyar masu jiragen ruwa suka haɗu a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Mr. RP Jones, a Zwartkops Rowing Club da ke ƙauyen Redhouse, Afirka ta Kudu. An nuna nau'ikan jiragen ruwa guda uku a tseren farko a ƙarƙashin launukan Club: tan biyar, tan uku, da tan biyu, duk da cewa, akasin haka, shahararrun jiragen ruwa na yau kamar Lasers da Optimist suna da iyaka da matsakaicin nauyin kilogiram 55 da 35 bi da bi. An gudanar da bikin kade-kade na ƙasa a Redhouse don murnar cika shekaru 50 da kafa ƙungiyar a shekarar 1954, kuma an gudanar da bikin kade-kade na ƙarni na ɗari bayan shekaru hamsin a watan Oktoban 2004. A shekarun 1970-1979, ajin Mirror ya shahara inda mata da yara suka shiga cikin harkar, yayin da jiragen ruwa na ƙananan yara suka ƙaru da bayyanar jirgin ruwan hannu ɗaya mai suna Optimist, wanda tun daga lokacin ya zama jirgin horo na ƙungiyar. Zuwa shekarar 1975, jirgin Laser mai hannu ɗaya ya bayyana a RYC kuma yanzu ya mamaye rundunar, wani ɓangare saboda ajin [[Gasar Olympic|Olympics]] ne. == Shahararrun Ma'aikatan Jirgin Ruwa na Redhouse Yacht Club == * Andrew Collier * Phillipa Baer * Justin Onvlee – Matukin jirgin ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu wanda, a cikin jirgin ruwa kuma mai ban mamaki, za a naɗa shi, Zakaran Duniya na Laser 4.7 na 2004: Launuka na Protea: Lardin Gabas Launuka: Laser 4.7 Gasar Duniya ta 2004 – Riva del Garda Italiya – Na 1: Ɗan Wasan Jiragen Ruwa na Junior na Shekara – 2004 Kofin David Butler: Ɗan Wasan Jiragen Ruwa na Junior na Shekara – 2005 Kofin David Butler: * Gregory Reuvers – Matukin jirgin ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu, wanda tarihinsa na mafi kyawun Matukin jirgin ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya shekaru 22 bayan haka, Ian Walker March ya fi shi, inda ya zo na 5 a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na Optimist ta 2019. Junior Yachtsman na Shekara 1997 – Kofin David Butler: Launukan Jirgin Ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu Launuka: Lambun Gabashin Launuka: Gasar Cin Kofin Turai 1996 – Palma Mallorca Spain – na 56: Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Optimist 1997 – Carrickfergus – na 24: Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Optimist 1998 – Portugal – na 31: * Simon Baer- Matukin jirgin ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu ya samu lambar yabo ta 27 a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Optimist: Launukan Jiragen Ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu: Launukan Gabashin Lambun: Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Optimist 1998 – Portugal – 27: Zakaran Kasa na Optimist na Afirka ta Kudu – 1998: * Jamie Waters, Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Afirka ta Kudu, Tawagar 'Yan Wasan Ruwa ta Yamma * Mike Giles == Manazarta == ctgm2yi3tvfsdvzlxlbqsjs0qekeicy 878727 878726 2026-07-07T22:00:56Z Nnamadee 31123 878727 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ƙungiyar Redhouse Yacht Club''' (RYC), wacce take ɗaya daga cikin tsofaffin ƙungiyoyin jiragen ruwa a Afirka ta Kudu,<ref>East Cape Tourism Board states: "Redhouse … yacht club being one of the oldest in the country." Retrieved 2007-01-29</ref> tana karɓar manyan tsere-raye na jiragen ruwa, kuma tana gudanar da shirin horo wanda ya samar da zakarun jiragen ruwa na duniya.<ref>International Sailing Federation site, Phillipa Baer (statistics), 2003 African Optimist Championship (international event)</ref><ref>"Feature Article – January '05 – Sailor of the Year". Sailing: Inland & Offshore. <nowiki>http://www.sailing.co.za/oldfeat/2005/fa_2321.htm</nowiki>. Optimist Champion Justin Onvlee, from RYC. Retrieved 2007-01-28.</ref> Ƙungiyar tana cikin ƙauyen Redhouse, Eastern Cape, [[Afirka ta Kudu|Afirka ta Kudu,]] cikin mintuna goma sha biyar da mota daga [[Port Elizabeth]] . Tana kan [[Zwartkops River|kogin Zwartkops]], wani magudanar ruwa zuwa [[Bayar Algoa|Algoa Bay]] wanda sanannen wurin hutu ne, kuma babbar cibiyar jiragen ruwa ta Afirka ta Kudu. == Ayyuka == Kungiyar tana kula da matuƙan jiragen ruwa, tana ɗaukar nauyin wani babban shirin tsere na jirgin ruwa, tana da alaƙa da Kwalejin Jiragen Ruwa ta Afirka ta Kudu<ref>South African Sailing Academy – roster of affiliated facilities – Retrieved 2007-01-29</ref> kuma memba ce a Ƙungiyar Jiragen Ruwa ta Duniya da kuma wani ɓangare na Jiragen Ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu (ƙungiyar).<ref>"South African Sailing :: The Home of SA Sailing". South African Sailing (website). <nowiki>http://www.sailing.org.za/index.php?module=Clublist&func=display&tid=40</nowiki> Retrieved 2007-01-28.</ref> Yanayin da ke kewaye da Algoa Bay yana ba da damar yin tafiya a duk shekara, kuma yin tafiya a kogi yana ba da yanayi mai kariya ga ƙananan jiragen ruwa. Akwai tsere kusan biyu a kowane mako a duk shekara tare da manyan abubuwan da suka faru a lokaci-lokaci ciki har da regattas na ƙasa. A lokacin da aka haɓaka ƙungiyar, ƙungiyar ta ƙunshi manyan jiragen ruwa na jiragen ruwa daban-daban tare da manyan jiragen ruwa na tsere waɗanda a halin yanzu suka ƙunshi Lasers, Mirrors, da Optimists. Kungiyar tana karbar bakuncin gasar tseren kwale-kwale ta Eastern Cape ta shekara-shekara tsakanin makarantu, kuma an gudanar da gasar karo na 23 a shekarar 1999.<ref>Stirk, Tim. "Shooting the Breeze". Daily Dispatch (South African newspaper). <nowiki>http://www.dispatch.co.za/1999/03/12/easterncape/YACHT.HTM</nowiki>. 1999-03-12. Retrieved 2007-01-28.</ref><ref>"Redhouse River Mile set for mid-February". The Herald (South African newspaper). <nowiki>http://www.theherald.co.za/herald/2002/12/13/sport/sp07_13122002.htm</nowiki>. 2002-12-13. Retrieved 2007-01-28.</ref> Ƙungiyar tana ba da sabis na jiragen ruwa ga masu jiragen ruwa na gida da na baƙi,<ref>Marinas in the Eastern Cape of South Africa. Marina Info (website). <nowiki>http://www.marina-info.com/minfo/sa/sa01/sa01mil.htm</nowiki>. 2004-09-27. Retrieved 2007-01-28.</ref> kuma Hukumar Yawon Bude Ido ta Gabashin Cape ta amince da ita a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin wuraren shakatawa na yankin.<ref>"Bluewater Bay Tourism – Bluewater Bay, Swartkops, St George's Strand, Amsterdamhoek & Redhouse – all part of the Nelson Mandela Metro." Bluewater Bay Tourism (website). <nowiki>http://www.bluewaterbay.co.za/bluewaterbay.php</nowiki>. Discusses Swartkops River Sailing. Endorsed and supported by Nelson Mandela Bay Tourism and the Eastern Cape Tourism Board. Retrieved 2007-01-28.</ref> == Tarihi == Ƙungiyar ta fara ne a shekarar 1904 lokacin da ƙungiyar masu jiragen ruwa suka haɗu a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Mr. RP Jones, a Zwartkops Rowing Club da ke ƙauyen Redhouse, Afirka ta Kudu. An nuna nau'ikan jiragen ruwa guda uku a tseren farko a ƙarƙashin launukan Club: tan biyar, tan uku, da tan biyu, duk da cewa, akasin haka, shahararrun jiragen ruwa na yau kamar Lasers da Optimist suna da iyaka da matsakaicin nauyin kilogiram 55 da 35 bi da bi. An gudanar da bikin kade-kade na ƙasa a Redhouse don murnar cika shekaru 50 da kafa ƙungiyar a shekarar 1954, kuma an gudanar da bikin kade-kade na ƙarni na ɗari bayan shekaru hamsin a watan Oktoban 2004. A shekarun 1970-1979, ajin Mirror ya shahara inda mata da yara suka shiga cikin harkar, yayin da jiragen ruwa na ƙananan yara suka ƙaru da bayyanar jirgin ruwan hannu ɗaya mai suna Optimist, wanda tun daga lokacin ya zama jirgin horo na ƙungiyar. Zuwa shekarar 1975, jirgin Laser mai hannu ɗaya ya bayyana a RYC kuma yanzu ya mamaye rundunar, wani ɓangare saboda ajin [[Gasar Olympic|Olympics]] ne. == Shahararrun Ma'aikatan Jirgin Ruwa na Redhouse Yacht Club == * Andrew Collier * Phillipa Baer * Justin Onvlee – Matukin jirgin ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu wanda, a cikin jirgin ruwa kuma mai ban mamaki, za a naɗa shi, Zakaran Duniya na Laser 4.7 na 2004: Launuka na Protea: Lardin Gabas Launuka: Laser 4.7 Gasar Duniya ta 2004 – Riva del Garda Italiya – Na 1: Ɗan Wasan Jiragen Ruwa na Junior na Shekara – 2004 Kofin David Butler: Ɗan Wasan Jiragen Ruwa na Junior na Shekara – 2005 Kofin David Butler: * Gregory Reuvers – Matukin jirgin ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu, wanda tarihinsa na mafi kyawun Matukin jirgin ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya shekaru 22 bayan haka, Ian Walker March ya fi shi, inda ya zo na 5 a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na Optimist ta 2019. Junior Yachtsman na Shekara 1997 – Kofin David Butler: Launukan Jirgin Ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu Launuka: Lambun Gabashin Launuka: Gasar Cin Kofin Turai 1996 – Palma Mallorca Spain – na 56: Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Optimist 1997 – Carrickfergus – na 24: Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Optimist 1998 – Portugal – na 31: * Simon Baer- Matukin jirgin ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu ya samu lambar yabo ta 27 a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Optimist: Launukan Jiragen Ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu: Launukan Gabashin Lambun: Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Optimist 1998 – Portugal – 27: Zakaran Kasa na Optimist na Afirka ta Kudu – 1998: * Jamie Waters, Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Afirka ta Kudu, Tawagar 'Yan Wasan Ruwa ta Yamma * Mike Giles == Manazarta == l1pm6udvbiwcn9vr5mnhr94id05otl0 0 159438 878766 864943 2026-07-08T03:50:59Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878766 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mahathi Fuel Transport and Storage Depot''' wani yanki ne mai zaman kansa, tashar jigilar man fetur da ajiya a [[Uganda]].<ref name="1R">{{Cite web |last=Private Sector Foundation Uganda |date=4 September 2020 |title=PSFU visits Mahathi Infra Uganda Limited |url=https://www.psfuganda.org/15-psfu-news/304-psfu-visits-mahathi-infra-uganda-limited.html |access-date=17 September 2020 |publisher=Private Sector Foundation Uganda |place=Kampala}}</ref> Ana isar da man fetur, man fetur da Jet A1 ta jirgin ruwa daga [[Kisumu]], a fadin [[Tafkin Victoria]] a makwabciyar Kenya. Ana adana man fetur a nan kuma ana isar da shi ta hanyar mota zuwa wurare na ƙarshe a Uganda, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]], [[Ruwanda|Rwanda]], [[Burundi]] da [[Sudan ta Kudu]], wanda ke rage lokutan isar da farashin sufuri.<ref name="1R" /> == Wurin da yake == Ginin yana gefen gabar arewa maso gabashin [[Tafkin Victoria|Tafkin Nalubaale]], a kan kimanin kadada 30 (12 , a cikin unguwar Bugiri-Bukasa a cikin Gundumar Wakiso, kusa da [[Kampala]]-Entebbe Road, kimanin kilomita 36 (22 , ta hanya, kudu da gundumar kasuwanci ta tsakiya ta Kampala, babban birnin kuma birni mafi girma a Uganda. Wannan kusan kilomita 24 (15 mi), ta hanyar hanya, arewa maso gabashin Filin jirgin saman Entebbe. Yanayin ƙasa na Mahathi Fuel Transport and Storage Depot sune 00°07'23.0"N, 32°34'10.0"E (Latitude:0.123056; Longitude:32.569444). == Bayani na gaba ɗaya == Ginin mallakar wata kungiya ce, wacce ta kunshi (a) Mahathi Infra Group of India (b) Siginon Group of Kenya da (c) Fortune Energy of Uganda. Wannan ƙungiyar ta yi rajistar kamfanin mota na musamman (SPV) don aiwatar da aikin. Kamfanin SPV ana kiransa ''Mahathi Infra Uganda Limited'' (MIUL). <ref name="5R">{{Cite web |last=James Anyanzwa and Njiraini Muchira |date=17 September 2020 |title=Kisumu jetty all set, but Uganda asks for time to fix complex parts |url=https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/tea/business/kisumu-port-the-long-wait-for-kenya-as-uganda-dithers-2195370 |access-date=17 September 2020 |archive-date=18 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200918005839/https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/tea/business/kisumu-port-the-long-wait-for-kenya-as-uganda-dithers-2195370 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Tashar tana da tankuna 14 tare da damar riƙe lita 70,000,000 (15,397,847 US na [[Shell|Man Fetur]]. Wannan yana ba da damar samun isasshen wuri don cinikayya da man fetur tsakanin ƙasashe masu zuwa, idan aka yi la'akari da cewa Uganda tana amfani da lita 4,500,000 kawai (989,862 US na man fetur kowace rana. Manyan kamfanonin mai a yankin, gami da Shell Oil, Total SE da Mogas, sun sanya hannu kan kwangilar samarwa tare da Mahathi Infra Uganda Limited . <ref name="5R"/> Baya ga tankunan ajiya, ɓangaren Uganda na aikin ya haɗa da gina tashar jirgin ruwa mai tsawon mita 220 ciki har da bututun mai guda huɗu, kowannensu don nau'ikan man fetur guda huɗu. Har ila yau, wuraren da za a ajiye tankunan mai da kuma gina jirage hudu na tankunan man fetur, kowannensu yana da damar lita 4,400,000 (967,865 , suna daga cikin aikin. Kowane jirgin ruwa na tanki yana da ƙarfin da ya dace da kimanin motocin mai 150.<ref name="6R">{{Cite web |last=Njiraini Muchira |date=21 September 2019 |title=Kenya oil jetty remains idle a year on as Uganda construction yet to take off |url=https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/tea/business/kenya-oil-jetty-remains-idle-a-year-on-as-uganda-construction-yet-to-take-off-1427676 |access-date=17 September 2020 |archive-date=18 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200918010602/https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/tea/business/kenya-oil-jetty-remains-idle-a-year-on-as-uganda-construction-yet-to-take-off-1427676 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Kudin da kudade == Jimlar kudin aikin an tsara shi a dala miliyan 270. Daga cikin jimlar, an aro dala miliyan 70 daga Equity Group. Sauran dala miliyan 200 sun tara kamfanonin membobin kungiyar.<ref name="5R"/> == Gine-gine == Ginin ya fara ne a shekarar 2017.<ref name="7R">{{Cite web |last=Jeff Mbanga |date=10 May 2017 |title=Indian firm wins oil route on Lake Victoria |url=https://observer.ug/businessnews/52800-indian-firm-wins-oil-route-on-lake-victoria |access-date=17 September 2020}}</ref> Ya zuwa watan Satumbar 2020, ayyukan sun cika kashi 80 cikin dari, tare da ƙaddamar da sa ran a farkon rabin 2021.<ref name="5R"/> Ya zuwa Oktoba 2021, ginin ya kusan kammala, tare da ƙaddamar da kasuwanci da ake tsammani a watan Disamba na 2021.<ref name="8R">{{Cite web |last=Brian Musaasizi |date=29 October 2021 |title=Mahathi Infra Uganda Oil Terminal Impress Busoga King "Kyabazinga" |url=https://redpepper.co.ug/2021/10/mahathi-infra-uganda-oil-terminal-impress-busoga-king-kyabazinga/ |access-date=30 October 2021 |website=[[Red Pepper (newspaper)|Red Pepper Uganda]]}}</ref> A watan Janairun 2022, jaridar New Vision ta ba da rahoton cewa an shirya ayyukan kasuwanci don farawa a watan Maris na 2022.<ref name="9R">{{Cite web |last=Abbey Ramadhan |date=24 January 2021 |title=Uganda readies more Kawuku fuel reservoirs |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/125109/uganda-readies-more-kawuku-fuel-reservoirs |access-date=24 January 2022 |website=[[New Vision]] |place=Kampala, Uganda}}</ref> An kammala ginin a cikin 2022 kuma an karɓi jigilar man fetur na farko a wurin a ranar 30 ga Disamba 2022. == Ci gaban da aka samu == A watan Agustan 2023 Mahathi Infra Uganda Limited ta sami tallafi daga [[Kamfanin Kudi na Afirka (AFC)|Kamfanin Kudi na Afirka]], a cikin hanyar rance wanda ya kai dala miliyan 95.25 (USh353 biliyan) don manufar samun sabbin ababen more rayuwa da fadada wannan tashar man fetur.<ref name="LoanR">{{Cite web |last=Uganda Radio Network |date=24 August 2023 |title=Mahathi secures Sh353 billion for barges on Lake Victoria |url=https://www.independent.co.ug/mahathi-secures-sh353-billion-for-barges-on-lake-victoria/ |access-date=26 August 2023 |website=[[The Independent (Uganda)]]}}</ref> Tare da kudade, MIUL tana shirin aiwatar da wadannan: <ref name="LoanR"/> * Gina sabbin jiragen ruwa guda biyu da za su kawo man fetur daga [[Kisumu]], Kenya, a fadin Tafkin Victoria zuwa Uganda * Gina tashoshin loading don motocin mai 20 * Gina filin ajiye motoci wanda zai iya ɗaukar motocin mai 50. Tun da farko a cikin 2023, kamfanin ya nuna niyyar shimfiɗa bututun mai mai mai mai tsabta tsakanin Uganda da Rwanda don ɗaukar mai mai tsabta zuwa ƙarshen. Wannan zai sauƙaƙa cunkoso, lalacewa da fashewa a kan hanyoyin Uganda.<ref name="PipeR">{{Cite web |last=Eve Muganga |date=10 July 2023 |title=Govt in support of initiative to set up oil pipeline to Rwanda |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/govt-in-support-of-initiative-to-set-up-oil-pipeline-to-rwanda-4298914 |access-date=26 August 2023 |website=[[Daily Monitor]]}}</ref> == Dubi kuma == * [[Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Bukasa]] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] drtat0sn67jpvkx6ik402g8x858jbxf 0 159463 878771 865020 2026-07-08T04:32:08Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878771 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mai ba da gudummawa''', wanda aka fi sani da '''masanin fasahar kula da jini''', ƙwararren ƙwararren likitan lafiya ne wanda ke aiki da na'urar adana sel a lokacin tiyata da ke sa ran asarar jini. Mai ba da jini yana da alhakin tattara jini daga mai haƙuri yayin aikin, yana sharewa ko tsabtace jini daga ƙazanta, sannan ya ba da shi don sake shiga cikin mai haƙuri. An san wannan tsari da "mai adana kwayoyin halitta" kuma an dauke shi mafi girma ga amfani da jini daga mai ba da gudummawa, saboda yana rage yiwuwar kamuwa da cuta kuma yana ba da ƙarin ƙwayoyin aiki ga mai haƙuri.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Our Team |url=http://www.ashevilleheart.com/index.php/our-team |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120413174110/http://www.ashevilleheart.com/index.php/our-team |archive-date=2012-04-13 |access-date=2012-02-10 |publisher=Asheville Heart}}</ref> Saboda an sake zagaya jinin, babu iyaka ga adadin jinin da za a iya mayar da shi ga mai haƙuri.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cell Saver (Intraoperative Cell Salvage Machine) |url=http://www.cts.usc.edu/zglossary-cellsaver.html |access-date=2012-02-11 |publisher=University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine |archive-date=2012-02-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120226035651/http://www.cts.usc.edu/zglossary-cellsaver.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ana iya samun autotransfusion a cikin dakin aiki, sashin kulawa mai zurfi, da sashen gaggawa kuma suna buƙatar digiri daban-daban na ƙwarewa dangane da hanyar.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Autotransfusion |url=http://bloodguys.com/autotransfusion/services |access-date=2012-02-10 |publisher=Bloodguys}}</ref> == Ilimi == Don zama Certified Perioperative Blood Management Technologist ('''CPBMT'''), dole ne mutum ya zama: <ref>{{Cite web |title=Certification |url=http://intbbm.org/sections/Certification/index.iphtml |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120226140315/http://intbbm.org/sections/Certification/index.iphtml |archive-date=2012-02-26 |access-date=2012-02-10 |publisher=International Board of Blood Management}}</ref> * Kasancewa da mafi ƙarancin difloma na makarantar sakandare ko kwatankwacin * Yi aiki a fagen kula da jini na akalla shekara guda * Cikakken mafi ƙarancin hanyoyin autotransfusion guda hamsin na shekara-shekara. == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [http://www.aabb.org// Ƙungiyar Bankunan Jinin Amurka] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120204040535/http://www.abcp.org/introduction.htm Hukumar Kula da Zuciya ta Amurka] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120111044947/http://www.asatt.org/ American Society of Anesthesia Fasaha da Fasaha] * [http://www.amsect.org Ƙungiyar Amirka ta Fasahar Fasaha ta Ƙasa] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210508075629/http://www.amsect.org/ |date=2021-05-08 }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120226135956/http://intbbm.org/ Hukumar Kula da Jini ta Duniya] * [http://www.anzcp.org/ Kwalejin Australiya da New Zealand na Perfusionists] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] hgbv14wcqjbblzigkz4zs4vlh87m4z9 0 159603 878759 866297 2026-07-08T02:45:06Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878759 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Madrid Express''''' (wanda asali '''''MSC Fabiola ce''''' ) jirgin ruwa ne da aka gina wa Peter Döhle Schiffahrtsgesellschaft da ke [[Hamburg]] ta hannun Samsung Heavy Industries a [[Koriya ta Kudu]] . Kamfanin jigilar kayayyaki na Mediterranean (MSC) ne ya fara hayar jirgin a matsayin ''MSC Fabiola'' . Daga shekarar 2019 zuwa gaba, an yi hayar jirgin zuwa Hapag-Lloyd a matsayin ''Madrid Express'' . A shekarar 2012, ''MSC Fabiola'' ta zama jirgin ruwa mafi girma da aka taɓa sanyawa a [[Amurka ta Arewa|Arewacin Amurka]], kuma jirgin ruwa mafi girma da ya shiga Tekun San Francisco . ''MSC Fabiola'' ita ce ta farko a cikin jerin jiragen ruwa masu kama da juna. Sauran ukun sune ''MSC Faustina'', ''MSC Fillippa'', da ''MSC Filomena'' . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Montreuil |first=Fabien |date=February 21, 2011 |title=La marine marchande au jour le jour... |url=http://www.marine-marchande.net/Jourlejour2/AujourleJour-274.html#irel |access-date=March 23, 2012 |publisher=marine-marchande.net |language=French}}</ref> == Tarihin aiki == A watan Maris na 2012, jirgin ya tashi daga farkon aikinsa na Asiya zuwa Turai don fara jigilar kaya zuwa Turai. A ranar 16 ga Maris, 2012, ''MSC Fabiola'' ta tsaya a [[tashar jiragen ruwa ta Long Beach]], inda ta karya tarihin farko na babban jirgin ruwan kwantena a tashar jiragen ruwa ta Amurka, da kuma kowace tashar jiragen ruwa ta Arewacin Amurka. <ref>{{Cite web |date=March 19, 2012 |title=MSC Fabiola calls at POLB, largest box to call US |url=http://www.gctl8.com/index.php?module=ShowCategory&CatNum=30&hl=MSC%2BFabiola%2Bcalls%2Bat%2BPOLB%252C%2Blargest%2Bboxship%2Bto%2Bcall%2BUS%2B |access-date=March 22, 2012 |publisher=GCTL8.com |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304033458/http://www.gctl8.com/index.php?module=ShowCategory&CatNum=30&hl=MSC%2BFabiola%2Bcalls%2Bat%2BPOLB%252C%2Blargest%2Bboxship%2Bto%2Bcall%2BUS%2B |url-status=dead }}</ref> A tasha ta farko da Amurka ta yi a Long Beach, California, jirgin ya yi tsayi da yawa don ya shiga ƙarƙashin gadar Gerald Desmond ya kuma tsaya a tashar MSC, don haka aka yi amfani da tashar Hanjin . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Porter |first=Janet |date=March 6, 2012 |title=Long Beach prepares for Pacific ultra-large boxship switch |url=http://www.lloydslist.com/ll/sector/containers/article392962.ece |access-date=March 22, 2012 |website=Lloyd's List |publisher=Lloyd's}}</ref> Bayan kwana biyu, ''MSC Fabiola'' ta wuce ƙarƙashin gadar Golden Gate don zama jirgin da ya fi girma da ya shiga Tekun San Francisco. Jirgin ya tsaya a Tashar Jiragen Ruwa ta Oakland . <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Tyska |first=Jane |date=March 21, 2012 |title=MSC Fabiola containership arrives at the Port of Oakland |url=http://www.insidebayarea.com/breaking-news/ci_20226446/msc-fabiola-containership-arrives-at-port-oakland |journal=Inside Bay Area |publisher=Media News Group |access-date=March 22, 2012}}</ref> ''MSC Fabiola'' tana ɗaukar kimanin kwanaki 18 don tsallaka [[Pacific Ocean|Tekun Pacific]] daga California zuwa China. Kasancewar ''MSC Fabiola'' a Tashar Jiragen Ruwa ta Oakland sakamakon aikin zurfafa tashar jiragen ruwa na tsawon shekaru 12 wanda aka kammala shi sosai a watan Satumba na 2009. Kafin isowar ''MSC Fabiola'', Tashar Jiragen Ruwa ta Oakland ta shirya ta hanyar duba zurfin tashar jiragen ruwa da kuma haƙa rami kamar yadda ake buƙata. Matuƙan jirgin ruwa na San Francisco Bay sun yi horo don ziyarar a kan na'urar kwaikwayo a Kwalejin Maritime ta California na tsawon sama da shekara guda. Jirgin ruwan ya iso yana ɗaukar ƙasa da cikakken aikin sa na {{Convert|50|ft|10|in|1}} saboda ya ɗauki kashi uku cikin huɗu na kaya bayan tsayawarsa a Long Beach. == Manazarta == 8kjfjhf5sbjujcigxp3mrnjz03h3obt 0 159784 878761 868143 2026-07-08T03:08:26Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878761 wikitext text/x-wiki {{delete}} Gwajin fitar da Interferon-γ ('''IGRA''') gwajin likita ne da aka yi amfani da shi wajen gano wasu cututtukan cututtuka, musamman [[tarin fuka]]. Gwaje-gwaje na Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) sun dogara da gaskiyar cewa T-lymphocytes za su saki IFN-γ lokacin da aka fallasa su ga takamaiman antigens. Wadannan gwaje-gwaje galibi ana kirkirar su ne don Binciken tarin fuka, amma a ka'idar, ana iya amfani da su wajen gano wasu cututtukan da suka dogara da rigakafin sel, misali [[cytomegalovirus]] da leishmaniasis da [[Koronavirus 2019|COVID-19]]. <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Murugesan |first=Kanagavel |last2=Jagannathan |first2=Prasanna |last3=Pham |first3=Tho D. |last4=Pandey |first4=Suchitra |last5=Bonilla |first5=Hector F. |last6=Jacobson |first6=Karen |last7=Parsonnet |first7=Julie |last8=Andrews |first8=Jason R. |last9=Weiskopf |first9=Daniela |last10=Sette |first10=Alessandro |last11=Pinsky |first11=Benjamin A. |last12=Singh |first12=Upinder |last13=Banaei |first13=Niaz |date=2021 |title=Interferon-γ Release Assay for Accurate Detection of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 T-Cell Response |journal=Clinical Infectious Diseases |volume=73 |issue=9 |pages=e3130–e3132 |doi=10.1093/cid/ciaa1537 |pmc=7665338 |pmid=33035306}}</ref> Misali, a cikin marasa lafiya tare da halayen miyagun ƙwayoyi na [[fata]], ƙalubalen lymphocytes na jini tare da maganin da ke haifar da amsawar ya haifar da sakamako mai kyau ga rabin magungunan da aka gwada.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Halevy |first=S. |last2=Cohen |first2=A. |last3=Grossman |first3=N. |year=2005 |title=Clinical implications of in vitro drug-induced interferon-gamma release from peripheral blood lymphocytes in cutaneous adverse drug reactions |journal=Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology |volume=52 |issue=2 |pages=254–261 |doi=10.1016/j.jaad.2004.05.006 |pmid=15692470}}</ref> == Hanyar da ake amfani da ita == A halin yanzu akwai [yaushe?] gwaje-gwajen sakin IFN-γ guda biyu don gano cutar tarin fuka: * QuantiFERON-TB Gold (licensed in US, Europe and Japan); and  * T-SPOT.TB, a form of ELISpot, the variant of ELISA (licensed in Europe, US, Japan and China).<ref>{{Cite web |title=How the T-SPOT.TB Test Works |url=http://www.tspot.com/about-the-test/t-spot-tb-test-works/ |access-date=2026-06-25 |archive-date=2020-02-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200204133637/http://www.tspot.com/about-the-test/t-spot-tb-test-works/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="Material near this tag needs references to reliable medical sources. (March 2025)">medical citation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> Tsohuwar gwajin ta ƙididdige adadin IFN-γ da aka samar don mayar da martani ga antigens na ESAT-6 da CFP-10 daga cutar tarin fuka ta Mycobacterium, waɗanda aka bambanta da waɗanda ke cikin BCG da galibin sauran ƙwayoyin cuta na mycobacteria marasa tarin fuka. Gwajin na ƙarshe yana ƙayyadaddun jimlar adadin kowane mai tasiri T sel masu bayyana IFN-γ. [ana yanayi hujja] [citation need] Har yanzu ana jayayya da alamun gwajin. An kimanta shi don gano tarin fuka a cikin marasa lafiya na HIV (waɗanda ke da gwajin Mantoux mara kyau akai-akai). <ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Lawn SD, Bangani N, Vogt M, etal |year=2007 |title=Utility of interferon-γ ELISPOT assay responses in highly tuberculosis-exposed patients with advanced HIV infection in South Africa |journal=BMC Infectious Diseases |volume=7 |doi=10.1186/1471-2334-7-99 |pmc=2031899 |pmid=17725839 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Tuberculosis}}<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 5hmkd83k6cn6ztmgjontg8xxjz8xxe3 0 159969 878824 869386 2026-07-08T08:20:38Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878824 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox vcard ib-school" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org notheme" |Makarantar Sakandaren Gwamnatin Gaibandha |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header notheme" |Wurin da yake |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<mapframe zoom="13" align="center" frameless="1" height="200" width="270">[ {"properties":{"title":"Gaibandha Government Boys' High School","fill-opacity":0.1,"stroke":"#FF0000","stroke-width":2,"fill":"#606060"},"type":"ExternalData","service":"geoshape","ids":"Q5516989"}, {"properties":{"stroke-width":5,"stroke":"#FF0000","title":"Gaibandha Government Boys' High School"},"type":"ExternalData","service":"geoline","ids":"Q5516989"}, {"type":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":[89.5,25.25],"type":"Point"},"properties":{"marker-color":"#5E74F3","title":"Gaibandha Government Boys' High School","marker-symbol":"school"}} ]</mapframe><div class="infobox-caption"></div> |- class="adr" | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<div class="street-address" style="display:inline;">[[Gaibandha]]</div><br /><div class="nowrap" style="display:inline;">[[List of postal codes in Bangladesh|5700]]</div><br /><div class="country-name" style="display:inline;">[[Bangladesh]]</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles><span class="geo-inline"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion">[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Gaibandha_Government_Boys%27_High_School&params=25.25_N_89.5_E_region:BD_type:edu <span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">25°15′N</span> <span class="longitude">89°30′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">/&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x68;&#x61;&#x75;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x68;&#x61;&#x75;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x68;&#x61;&#x75;&#x5F;&#x5F;</span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">25.25°N 89.50°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">25.25; 89.50</span></span></span>]</span></span><indicator name="coordinates"><span id="coordinates">[[Geographic coordinate system|Coordinates]]: <templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion">[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Gaibandha_Government_Boys%27_High_School&params=25.25_N_89.5_E_region:BD_type:edu <span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">25°15′N</span> <span class="longitude">89°30′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xfeff; / &#xfeff;</span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">25.25°N 89.50°E</span><span style="display:none">&#xfeff; / <span class="geo">25.25; 89.50</span></span></span>]</span>[[Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas]]</span></indicator> |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header notheme" |Bayani |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Irin wannan | class="infobox-data" |Makarantar sakandare |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |An kafa shi | class="infobox-data" |1885 <span style="display: none;"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1885</span>)&nbsp;</span> (Ya zama jama'a a 1968) |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; ">Gundumar makaranta</div> | class="infobox-data" |Gaibandha |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; ">Dokar makaranta</div> | class="infobox-data" |121101 |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; ">Babbar</div> | class="infobox-data" |Sushant Kumar Dev |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Matsayi | class="infobox-data" |6-10 |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Jima'i | class="infobox-data" |Yara maza |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Shigarwa | class="infobox-data" |1,200 |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Harshe | class="infobox-data" |[[Yaren Bengali|Bengali]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; ">Nau'in harabar</div> | class="infobox-data" |[[Yankin birni|Birni]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Wasanni | class="infobox-data" |[[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|Kwallon ƙafa]], [[Kurket|wasan kurket]], volleyball |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Shafin yanar gizo | class="infobox-data" |<span class="url">[http://ggbhs.edu.bd ggbhs.edu.bd]</span> |} '''makarantar sakandare Gwamnatin Gaibandha''' makarantar sakandare ce da ke Gaibandha, [[Bangladesh]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=2016 |title=List of High Schools |url=http://shed.portal.gov.bd/sites/default/files/files/shed.portal.gov.bd/npfblock//high%20school.xls |access-date=25 July 2017 |website=Secondary and Higher Education Division |format=XLS |archive-date=13 July 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170713122941/http://shed.portal.gov.bd/sites/default/files/files/shed.portal.gov.bd/npfblock/high%20school.xls |url-status=dead }}</ref> Makarantar Ot tana ɗaya daga cikin tsofaffin makarantu a Bangladesh, wacce aka kafa a shekarar 1885 kuma ta zama ta jama'a a shekarar 1968. Duk da cewa an kafa ta ne don yaran da ke kewaye da ita, yanzu ɗalibai sun fito daga mafi yawan sassan Bangladesh. Makarantar tana ƙarƙashin ikon Ma'aikatar Ilimi kai tsaye. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == *   o20z55xkiykjh0f96q6i8v9l2lvgn40 0 160325 878762 872102 2026-07-08T03:26:35Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 4 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878762 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Hanyar '''Magudanar Ruwa ta Kogin Nairobi''' wata hanyar magudanar ruwa ce ta cikin gari da ke da alaƙa da kwarin Kogin Nairobi a cikin Gundumar Nairobi ta ƙasar Kenya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Proxi: Interactive Maps, Challenges & Guides |url=https://map.proxi.co/#discover-details?topic_id=67b2fca8e96bca22c026e2cd |access-date=2026-06-20 |website=map.proxi.co}}</ref> Tana da matsayin wani ɓangare na babban tsarin samar da magudanun ruwa da sarrafa ambaliyar ruwa a yankin babban birnin Nairobi.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Nairobi Rivers Basin Regeneration Programmes (NABREP) {{!}} Nairobi Rivers Commission |url=https://www.nrc.go.ke/nairobi-rivers-basin-regeneration-programmes-nabrep |access-date=2026-06-20 |website=www.nrc.go.ke |archive-date=2026-06-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260629214929/https://www.nrc.go.ke/nairobi-rivers-basin-regeneration-programmes-nabrep |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Labarin ƙasa == Hanyar magudanar ruwan tana da alaƙa da kwarin Kogin Nairobi, wanda ya haɗa da kogunan Nairobi, Ngong da Mathare da kuma sauran ƙananan rassan kogunan da ke kwarara zuwa cikinsu.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2026-03-01 |title=The Nairobi River: A Dying Waterway and a Failing System - The Africa Feature Network |url=https://africafeaturenetwork.com/the-nairobi-river-a-dying-waterway-and-a-failing-system |access-date=2026-06-20 |language=en-US}}</ref> Kwarin ya mamaye yankunan gundomomi da yawa sannan yana kwarara zuwa cikin tsarin Kogin Athi.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /> == Rawar da take takawa wajen magudanar ruwan birni == Hanyar Kogin Nairobi tana aiki a matsayin babban sashe na tsarin sarrafa ruwan sama na birnin Nairobi.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Reporter |first=B. T. |date=2026-05-18 |title=Inside Nairobi’s Multi-Billion Plan to Save Its Dying River |url=https://businesstoday.co.ke/inside-nairobis-multi-billion-plan-to-save-its-dying-river/ |access-date=2026-06-20 |language=en-US}}</ref> Haɓakar birane cikin sauri, mamaye yankunan da ke kusa da koguna, gurɓata yanayi da kuma taruwar datti sun rage ƙarfin magudanar ruwan tare da ƙara haɗarin ambaliyar ruwa a cikin kwarin.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Drainage and hydrology {{!}} Nairobi Rivers Commission |url=https://www.nrc.go.ke/drainage-and-hydrology |access-date=2026-06-20 |website=www.nrc.go.ke |archive-date=2026-06-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260620152425/https://www.nrc.go.ke/drainage-and-hydrology |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=":0" /> == Shirin Farfaɗo da Kwarin Kogunan Nairobi == Shirin Farfaɗo da Kwarin Kogunan Nairobi (NaBREP) wani shiri ne na haɗin gwiwar hukumomi da yawa wanda Hukumar Kogunan Nairobi ke daidaitawa don maido da sarrafa kogunan kwarin da sauran abubuwan more rayuwa da ke da alaƙa da su.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nairobi Rivers Basin Regeneration Programmes (NABREP) {{!}} Nairobi Rivers Commission |url=https://www.nrc.go.ke/nairobi-rivers-basin-regeneration-programmes-nabrep |access-date=2026-06-20 |website=www.nrc.go.ke |archive-date=2026-06-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260629214929/https://www.nrc.go.ke/nairobi-rivers-basin-regeneration-programmes-nabrep |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Nairobi Rivers Basin Regeneration Programme |url=https://www.bing.com/search?pglt=675&q=Nairobi+Rivers+Basin+Regeneration+Programme&cvid=bdbd1c96691c43fe995155b78e97cc0d&gs_lcrp=EgRlZGdlKgYIABBFGDkyBggAEEUYOTIGCAEQABhAMgYIAhAAGEAyBggDEAAYQDIGCAQQABhAMgYIBRAAGEAyBggGEAAYQNIBCDM3NzRqMGo3qAIIsAIB&FORM=ANNTA1&PC=U531 |access-date=2026-06-20 |website=Bing |language=en}}</ref> Shirin ya haɗa da ayyukan gyara hanyoyin koguna, daidaita gabar koguna, inganta magudanun ruwa da sauran ayyukan gyaran hanyoyin ruwa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ogoti |first=Sharon |date=2024-03-08 |title=Connecting the City and its People with Rivers in Nairobi |url=https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/888e824fdad045a9ac35d1d978fa41a3 |access-date=2026-06-20 |website=ArcGIS StoryMaps |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=MapAfrica |url=https://mapafrica.afdb.org/ |access-date=2026-06-20 |website=mapafrica.afdb.org |language=en}}</ref> == Gudanarwa == An kafa Hukumar Kogunan Nairobi ne a shekarar 2022 don daidaita ayyukan farfaɗowa, kariya da kuma maido da kwarin Kogin Nairobi da sauran abubuwan more rayuwa da ke da alaƙa da shi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Our Mandate {{!}} Nairobi Rivers Commission |url=https://www.nrc.go.ke/our-mandate |access-date=2026-06-20 |website=www.nrc.go.ke }}{{Dead link|date=July 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Our Background {{!}} Nairobi Rivers Commission |url=https://www.nrc.go.ke/our-background |access-date=2026-06-20 |website=www.nrc.go.ke |archive-date=2026-06-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260620155904/https://www.nrc.go.ke/our-background |url-status=dead }}</ref> === Duba kuma === * [[Kogin Nairobi]] * [[Kogin Athi (birni)|Kogin Athi]] == Manazarta == <references /> rdep2o80llba6iozqmt3liphlvg41c1 0 160555 878862 878032 2026-07-08T09:50:20Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878862 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Coconut_oil_making_Seychelles.jpg| alt=Traditional way of making coconut oil using an [[ox]]-powered mill in [[Seychelles]] |thumb| Traditional manufacturing in [[Seychelles]] ]] {{Bar box|title=Fatty acid content of coconut oil}}  '''Man kwakwa''' (ko '''kitsen kwakwa''') mai ne mai cin abinci wanda aka samo daga nama na 'ya'yan itacen kwakwa.<ref name="tis2">{{Cite web |date=2015 |title=Coconut oil |url=http://www.tis-gdv.de/tis_e/ware/oele/kokosoel/kokosoel.htm |publisher=Transport Information Service, German Insurance Association, Berlin}}</ref><ref name="harv2">{{Cite web |date=2021 |title=Coconut Oil |url=https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/food-features/coconut-oil/ |publisher=The Nutrition Source, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston}}</ref> Man kwakwa fari ne mai ƙarfi a ƙasa da {{Convert|25|C|F}} ° C (77 ° F), da kuma mai mai mai laushi mai haske a yanayin zafi mafi girma. Hanyoyin da ba a tsabtace su ba suna da ƙanshin kwakwa na musamman.<ref name="harv2" /> Ana amfani da man kwakwa a matsayin man abinci, kuma a aikace-aikacen masana'antu don [[Kwalliya|kayan shafawa]] da samar da kayan shafawa.<ref name="tis2" /><ref name="harv2" /> Man yana da wadataccen matsakaiciyar sarkar mai.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Marina |first=A. M. |last2=Che Man |first2=Y. B. |last3=Amin |first3=I. |date=2009-10-01 |title=Virgin coconut oil: emerging functional food oil |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0924224409002052 |journal=Trends in Food Science & Technology |language=en |volume=20 |issue=10 |pages=481–487 |doi=10.1016/j.tifs.2009.06.003 |issn=0924-2244 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Saboda yawan kitse, hukumomin kiwon lafiya da yawa suna ba da shawarar iyakance amfani da shi azaman abinci.<ref name="harv">{{Cite web |date=2021 |title=Coconut Oil |url=https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/food-features/coconut-oil/ |publisher=The Nutrition Source, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston}}</ref><ref name="circ"/> Ana amfani da man kwakwa sosai don [[dafa abinci]] da yin burodi saboda yawan hayaki da dandano na musamman. == Masana'antu == Ana iya cire man kwakwa ta hanyar rigar ko bushewa.<ref name="tis">{{Cite web |date=2015 |title=Coconut oil |url=http://www.tis-gdv.de/tis_e/ware/oele/kokosoel/kokosoel.htm |publisher=Transport Information Service, German Insurance Association, Berlin}}</ref> Mafi sauki (amma watakila ba su da inganci), ana iya samar da mai ta hanyar dumama nama ta hanyar ruwan tafasa, rana ko wuta mai jinkiri. === Tsarin ruwa === [[Fayil:9129Processing_and_cooking_of_coconut_healing_oil_in_the_Philippines_43.jpg|thumb|Cirewa na gargajiya ({{Lang|tl|lana}}) kai tsaye daga [[Madara ta kwakwa|madara]] a [[Filipin|Philippines]]. Hakanan tsarin yana samar da ''latik'' (curds), wanda aka yi amfani da shi azaman kayan ado a cikin kayan zaki na Filipino. ]] Tsarin duk ruwan inabi yana amfani da [[Madara ta kwakwa|madarar kwakwa]] da aka cire daga kwakwa maimakon bushewar copra. Protein a cikin madarar kwakwa suna haifar da man fetur da ruwa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Umesh Patil, Soottawat Benjakul |date=July 13, 2018 |title=Coconut Milk and Coconut Oil: Their Manufacture Associated with Protein Functionality |journal=Concise Reviews & Hypotheses in Food Science |volume=83 |issue=8 |pages=2019–2027 |doi=10.1111/1750-3841.14223 |pmid=30004125 |s2cid=51617929 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Mataki mafi matsala shine rushe emulsion don dawo da man. Ana yin wannan ta hanyar tafasa mai tsawo, amma wannan yana samar da man fetur mai launi kuma ba tattalin arziki ba ne. Hanyoyin zamani suna amfani da centrifuges da gyare-gyare da suka hada da sanyi, zafi, acid, gishiri, enzymes, electrolysis, raƙuman ruwa, tururi, ko wasu haɗuwa da su. Duk da bambance-bambance da fasaha da yawa, sarrafawa ba shi da ƙarfi fiye da sarrafawa mai bushe saboda ƙarancin amfanin gona 10-15%, har ma da la'akari da asarar saboda lalacewa da kwari tare da sarrafawa. Hanyoyin rigar kuma suna buƙatar saka hannun jari a cikin kayan aiki da makamashi, suna haifar da babban kuɗi da farashin aiki. === Tsarin bushewa === {{Vegetable oils, composition}}Girbi mai kyau na kwakwa (shekarun kwakwa na iya zama watanni 2 zuwa 20 lokacin da aka karɓa) yana haifar da bambanci mai mahimmanci a cikin ingancin tsarin yin mai. Copra da aka yi daga kwayoyin da ba su manyanta ba ya fi wuya a yi aiki tare da shi kuma yana samar da samfurin da ba shi da kyau tare da ƙananan amfanin gona. Masu sarrafa man kwakwa na al'ada suna amfani da hexane a matsayin mai narkewa don cire har zuwa 10% fiye da yadda aka samar da shi tare da ma'adanai masu juyawa da masu fitarwa kawai. Daga nan sai su tsaftace man don cire wasu ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta kyauta don rage saukin kamuwa da rancidification. Sauran matakai don kara rayuwar ajiya sun haɗa da amfani da copra tare da abun ciki na danshi a ƙasa da 6%, adana abun ciki na mai a ƙasa da 0.2%, dumama mai zuwa 130-150 ° C (266-302 ° F) da ƙara [[gishiri]] ko citric acid. Ana iya samar da man kwakwa (VCO) daga madarar kwakwa, nama, ko raguwa. Samar da shi daga sabon nama ya haɗa da ko dai niƙa ruwa ko bushe ragowar, da kuma amfani da matattarar matattarar don cire mai. Hakanan ana iya cire VCO daga sabon nama ta hanyar gasa da bushewa zuwa abun ciki na danshi na 10-12%, sannan ta amfani da matattarar hannu don cire mai. Samar da shi daga madarar kwakwa ya haɗa da yayyafa kwakwa da gauraya shi da ruwa, sannan a matse man. Hakanan za'a iya fermented madara na tsawon sa'o'i 36-48, an cire man, kuma an dumama cream don cire duk wani man da ya rage. Zaɓin na uku ya haɗa da amfani da centrifuge don raba mai daga sauran ruwa. Hakanan ana iya cire man kwakwa daga busassun ragowar da aka bari daga samar da madarar kwakwa. Kyakkyawan kwakwa guda dubu da ke da nauyin kimanin kilo 1,440 (furo 3,{{Convert|170|kg|lb}}) [bayyanawa da ake buƙata] yana samar da kusan 170 na copra daga abin da za'a iya cire kusan lita 70 (15 na man kwakwa.  === Mai mai mai tsabta === [[Fayil:Coconut-oil-on-wooden-spoon.jpg|thumb|Man kwakwa a kan cokali na katako]] Ana yin man fetur mai mai tsabta, mai tsabta, da mai ƙanshi (RBD) daga copra da busassun kwakwa, waɗanda ake matsewa a cikin matattarar hydraulic mai zafi don cire man. Wannan yana samar da kusan duk man da ke akwai, wanda ya kai sama da kashi 60% na nauyin busassun kwakwa. Wannan man kwakwa ba ya dace da amfani saboda yana dauke da gurbataccen abu kuma dole ne a tsaftace shi tare da kara dumama da tacewa.<ref name="Foale2003">{{Cite web |last=Foale, M. |year=2003 |title=The Coconut Odyssey: The Bounteous Possibilities of the Tree of Life |url=http://www.aciar.gov.au/files/node/453/mono101.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170721231358/http://aciar.gov.au/files/node/453/mono101.pdf |archive-date=2017-07-21 |access-date=2011-02-06 |publisher=[[Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research]] |pages=115–116}}</ref> Wata hanyar da za a yi amfani da ita don cire man kwakwa ta ƙunshi aikin enzymatic na alpha-amylase, polygalacturonases, da proteases a kan maganin kwakwa.<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=McGlone OC, Canales A, Carter JV |year=1986 |title=Coconut oil extraction by a new enzymatic process |journal=J Food Sci |volume=51 |issue=3 |pages=695–697 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-2621.1986.tb13914.x}}</ref> Ba kamar man kwakwa ba, man kwakwa mai tsabta ba shi da ɗanɗano ko ƙanshi. Ana amfani da man RBD don dafa abinci a gida, sarrafa abinci na kasuwanci, da kayan shafawa, masana'antu, da dalilai na magunguna. === Hydrogenation === RBD man kwakwa za a iya sarrafa shi a cikin wani ɓangare ko cikakken hydrogenated man don kara yawan narkewa. Tun da budurwa da man kwakwa na RBD sun narke a {{Convert|24|C|F}} ° C (75 ° F), abinci da ke dauke da man kwakwa suna narkewa a yanayin zafi. Matsayi mafi girma yana da kyau a cikin waɗannan yanayi masu dumi, don haka man yana da hydrogenated. Matsayin narkewar man kwakwa mai hydrogenated shine 36-40 ° C (97-104 ° F). A cikin tsari na hydrogenation, ana haɗa kitsen da ba a cika su ba (monounsaturated da polyunsaturated fatty acids) tare da hydrogen a cikin tsari na catalytic don sanya su da yawa. Man kwakwa ya ƙunshi kashi 6% kawai monounsaturated da 2% polyunsaturated fatty acids. A cikin tsarin hydrogenation na ɓangare, wasu daga cikin waɗannan suna canzawa zuwa trans fatty acids.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Foster |first=R. |last2=Williamson |first2=C.S. |last3=Lunn |first3=J. |year=2009 |title=Briefing Paper: Culinary Oils And Their Health Effects |journal=Nutrition Bulletin |volume=34 |issue=1 |pages=4–47 |doi=10.1111/j.1467-3010.2008.01738.x |doi-access=free}}</ref> === Rarrabawar === === Matsayi === Jagororin ''Codex Alimentarius'' na Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya game da abinci, samar da abinci, da amincin abinci, wanda Hukumar Abinci da Aikin Gona ta buga, ya haɗa da ka'idoji ga abokan kasuwanci waɗanda ke samar da man kwakwa don amfani da mutum.<ref>{{Cite web |year=2009 |title=Codex Standard for Named Vegetable Oils (Codex Stan 210-1999, Revision 3) |url=http://www.codexalimentarius.net/download/standards/336/CXS_210e.pdf |access-date=2011-08-09 |website=Codex Alimentarius |publisher=[[Food and Agriculture Organization]]}}</ref> Kungiyar Coconut ta Asiya da Pacific (APCC), wacce membobinta 18 ke samar da kusan kashi 90 cikin dari na kwakwa da aka sayar da ita ta kasuwanci, <ref>{{Cite web |title=About us |url=http://www.apccsec.org/about.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110829220231/http://www.apccsec.org/about.html |archive-date=2011-08-29 |access-date=2011-08-09 |publisher=Asian and Pacific Coconut Community}}</ref> ta buga ka'idodinta na man kwakwa budurwa (VCO), tana bayyana man kwakwa buduniya kamar yadda aka samu daga sabo, ƙwayoyin kwakwa masu tsufa ta hanyar da ba su " haifar da canjin man" <ref>{{Cite web |year=2003 |title=APCC Standards for Virgin Coconut Oil |url=http://www.apccsec.org/document/VCNO.PDF |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110812014512/http://www.apccsec.org/document/VCNO.PDF |archive-date=2011-08-12 |access-date=2011-08-09 |publisher=Asian and Pacific Coconut Community}}</ref> Ingancin mai da samarwa sun dogara da noman dabino, wanda kwari na kwakwa ke barazana, kamar ''OryctesO. rhinoceros'' beetles - musamman Asian rhinoceres beetle (O. rhinocerus) - da kuma jan dabino weevil (''Rhynchophorus ferrugineus''). <ref name="Bio-Eco-Control"> {{Cite journal |last=Bedford |first=G. |year=1980 |title=Biology, Ecology, and Control of Palm Rhinoceros Beetles |journal=[[Annual Review of Entomology]] |language=en |publisher=[[Annual Reviews (publisher)|Annual Reviews]] |volume=25 |issue=1 |pages=309–339 |doi=10.1146/annurev.en.25.010180.001521 |issn=0066-4170 |eissn=1545-4487 |s2cid=85977665}} </ref> {| class="wikitable floatright" style="width:12em; text-align:center;" |+Fitar da man kwakwa 2023, ton<br /><br /> | Philippines |1,212,900 |- | Indonesia |646,000 |- |{{IND}} |549,000 |- |{{VNM}} |182,000 |- |{{MEX}} |131,000 |- |'''Duniya''' |'''3,122,675'''^ |- | colspan="2" |{{Small|Source: [[FAOSTAT]]<br> of the [[United Nations]]}}<ref name="faostat">{{Cite web |date=2026 |title=Coconut oil production in 2024 (^ estimated total); Crops/Regions/World list/Production Quantity/Year; from pick lists |url=https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL |access-date=9 March 2026 |publisher=UN Food and Agriculture Organization, Corporate Statistical Database (FAOSTAT)}}</ref> |} == Fitarwa == A cikin 2023, samar da man kwakwa a duniya ya kai tan miliyan 3.1, karkashin jagorancin [[Filipin|Philippines]] da [[Indonesiya|Indonesia]] tare da lissafin 59% na jimlar.<ref name="faostat"/> == Halitta da kwatantawa == Man kwakwa ya ƙunshi ƙananan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta kyauta (kimanin 0.03% ta hanyar taro). <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kratzeisen |first=M. |date=2010 |title=Influence of free fatty acid content of coconut oil on deposit and performance of plant oil pressure stoves |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0016236109003986 |journal=Fuel |volume=89 |issue=7 |pages=1583–1589 |doi=10.1016/j.fuel.2009.08.038 |url-access=subscription |access-date=30 April 2021}}</ref> Yawancin fatty acids suna nan a cikin nau'in esters. A cikin abubuwan da ke biyowa, maganganun "acid mai" da "acid" a ƙasa suna nufin esters maimakon [[Carboxylic acid|carboxylic acids]]. Lokacin da aka kafa ester, ana kiran man kwakwa a matsayin "cocoyl" inda tushen "-yl" ke nuna ƙungiyar aiki. Misali, sodium cocoyl isenthionate gishiri ne na sodium na ester wanda aka kafa ta man kwakwa da isethionic acid. Kimanin yawan fatty acids a cikin man kwakwa (tsakiyar kewayon a cikin tushe): <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 April 2019 |title=Nutrient composition of coconut oil |url=https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/171412/nutrients |access-date=9 March 2026 |publisher=FoodData Central, US Department of Agriculture }}{{Dead link|date=July 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>Tebur mai zuwa yana ba da bayani game da abun da ke cikin man kwakwa da kuma yadda yake kwatanta da sauran man kayan lambu.<gallery> Fayil:Body_soap_bar_virgin_coconut_oil3.jpg|Soap Fayil:Coconutoiljf.JPG|Homemade oil products </gallery> == Damuwar lafiya == Kungiyoyin kiwon lafiya da yawa suna ba da shawara game da amfani da man kwakwa saboda matakan da ke da yawa na kitse mai cike da kwayoyi, <ref name="circ"/> gami da Hukumar Kula da Abinci da Magunguna ta Amurka, <ref name="FDA">{{Cite web |date=2012-09-05 |title=Around the Block Nutrition Facts at a Glance: More on Nutrients to Get Less Of |url=https://www.fda.gov/Food/IngredientsPackagingLabeling/LabelingNutrition/ucm282425.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140201190357/https://www.fda.gov/Food/IngredientsPackagingLabeling/LabelingNutrition/ucm282425.htm |archive-date=2014-02-01 |access-date=2014-01-25 |publisher=[[Food and Drug Administration]]}}</ref> [[Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya]], <ref name="WHO">{{Cite web |title=Avoiding Heart Attacks and Strokes |url=http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2005/9241546727.pdf |access-date=2011-04-06 |publisher=World Health Organization}}</ref> Hukumar Kula da Lafiya ta Burtaniya, <ref name="NHS">{{Cite web |date=14 April 2023 |title=Fat: the facts |url=https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/eat-well/food-types/different-fats-nutrition/ |access-date=23 November 2025 |publisher=[[National Health Service]]}}</ref> Ƙungiyar Dietetic ta Amurka, <ref name="ADA">{{Cite web |title=American Dietetic Association and Dietitians of Canada Offer Up-to-Date Guidance on Dietary Fat |url=http://www.eatright.org/Media/content.aspx?id=1590&terms=coconut+oil |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120319155035/http://www.eatright.org/Media/content.aspx?id=1590&terms=coconut+oil |archive-date=2012-03-19 |access-date=2011-03-16 |publisher=[[American Dietetic Association]]}}</ref> Ƙungiyar Zuciya ta Amirka, <ref name="AHA">{{Cite web |title=Tropical Oils |url=http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/GettingHealthy/FatsAndOils/Fats101/Tropical-Oils_UCM_306031_Article.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110602015410/http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/GettingHealthy/FatsAndOils/Fats101/Tropical-Oils_UCM_306031_Article.jsp |archive-date=2011-06-02 |access-date=2011-03-16 |publisher=[[American Heart Association]]}}</ref> Gidauniyar Abinci ta Burtaniya,<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Foster R, Williamson CS, Lunn J |year=2009 |title=Culinary oils and their health effects |journal=Nutrition Bulletin |volume=34 |pages=4–47 |doi=10.1111/j.1467-3010.2008.01738.x |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="lockyer">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Lockyer S, Stanner S |year=2016 |title=Coconut oil – a nutty idea? |journal=Nutrition Bulletin |volume=41 |issue=1 |pages=42–54 |doi=10.1111/nbu.12188 |doi-access=free}}</ref> da Masu Cin abinci na Kanada.<ref name="DoC">{{Cite web |date=2010-09-01 |title=Heart Healthy Eating: Cholesterol |url=http://www.dietitians.ca/Nutrition-Resources-A-Z/Factsheets/Heart-Health/Heart-Healthy-Eating--Cholesterol.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921060009/http://www.dietitians.ca/Nutrition-Resources-A-Z/Factsheets/Heart-Health/Heart-Healthy-Eating--Cholesterol.aspx |archive-date=2013-09-21 |access-date=2013-07-05 |publisher=[[Dietitians of Canada]]}}</ref> Tallace-tallace na man kwakwa ya haifar da imani mara kyau cewa "abinci ne mai lafiya". <ref name="spiazzi">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Spiazzi BF, Duarte AC, Zingano CP, et al. |date=June 2023 |title=Coconut oil: an overview of cardiometabolic effects and the public health burden of misinformation |journal=Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism |volume=67 |issue=6 |doi=10.20945/2359-3997000000641 |pmc=10660992 |pmid=37364144 |quote=The use of coconut oil as a "healthy" component of the western diet is based on the major spread of misconceptions regarding it. The combination of the established knowledge on the negative effects of saturated fats on cardiovascular health and the lack of evidence from clinical trials showing a benefit from coconut oil intake in cardiovascular and metabolic disease advise against the consumption of this oil as a preferential source of dietary fat.}}</ref> <ref name="Abbasi2020">{{Cite journal |last=Abbasi |first=J |date=8 April 2020 |title=Coconut Oil's Health Halo a Mirage, Clinical Trials Suggest |journal=JAMA |volume=323 |issue=16 |pages=1540–1541 |doi=10.1001/jama.2020.5186 |pmid=32267505 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Maimakon haka, binciken ya gano cewa amfani da man kwakwa yana da tasirin kiwon lafiya kamar na sauran kitse marasa lafiya, gami da [[man shanu]], kitse na naman sa, da [[Manja|Man dabino]]. <ref name="spiazzi" /><ref name="circ">{{Cite journal |last=Sacks |first=Frank M. |last2=Lichtenstein |first2=Alice H. |last3=Wu |first3=Jason H.Y. |last4=Appel |first4=Lawrence J. |last5=Creager |first5=Mark A. |last6=Kris-Etherton |first6=Penny M. |last7=Miller |first7=Michael |last8=Rimm |first8=Eric B. |last9=Rudel |first9=Lawrence L. |last10=Robinson |first10=Jennifer G. |last11=Stone |first11=Neil J. |last12=Van Horn |first12=Linda V. |year=2017 |title=Dietary Fats and Cardiovascular Disease: A Presidential Advisory from the American Heart Association |url=http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/circulationaha/early/2017/06/15/CIR.0000000000000510.full.pdf |journal=Circulation |volume=136 |issue=3 |pages=e1–e23 |doi=10.1161/CIR.0000000000000510 |pmid=28620111 |s2cid=367602 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Coconut oil contains a high amount of lauric acid, a saturated fat that raises total blood cholesterol levels by increasing the amounts of both high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol.<ref name="circ"/><ref name="Neela">{{Cite journal |last=Neelakantan |first=Nithya |last2=Seah |first2=Jowy Yi Hoong |last3=van Dam |first3=Rob M. |date=2020-03-10 |title=The effect of coconut oil consumption on cardiovascular risk factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials |journal=Circulation |volume=141 |issue=10 |pages=803–814 |doi=10.1161/circulationaha.119.043052 |issn=0009-7322 |pmid=31928080 |s2cid=210195904 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="Eyres2016">{{Cite journal |last=Eyres |first=L |last2=Eyres |first2=MF |last3=Chisholm |first3=A |last4=Brown |first4=RC |date=April 2016 |title=Coconut oil consumption and cardiovascular risk factors in humans |journal=Nutrition Reviews |volume=74 |issue=4 |pages=267–80 |doi=10.1093/nutrit/nuw002 |pmc=4892314 |pmid=26946252}}</ref> Although lauric acid consumption may create a more favorable total blood cholesterol profile, this does not exclude the possibility that persistent consumption of coconut oil may actually increase the risk of [[Cutar zuciya|cardiovascular diseases]] through other mechanisms,<ref name="Neela" /> particularly via the marked increase in total blood cholesterol induced by lauric acid.<ref name="Eyres2016" /><ref name="Mensink">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Mensink RP, Zock PL, Kester AD, Katan MB |date=May 2003 |title=Effects of dietary fatty acids and carbohydrates on the ratio of serum total to HDL cholesterol and on serum lipids and apolipoproteins: a meta-analysis of 60 controlled trials |url=http://www.ajcn.org/content/77/5/1146.full.pdf+html |format=PDF |journal=Am J Clin Nutr |volume=77 |issue=5 |pages=1146–55 |doi=10.1093/ajcn/77.5.1146 |pmid=12716665 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Because the majority of saturated fat in coconut oil is lauric acid,<ref name="Eyres2016" /><ref name="Mensink" /> coconut oil may be preferred over partially hydrogenated vegetable oil when solid fats are used in the diet.<ref name="Tarrago">{{Cite journal |last=Tarrago-Trani |first=MT |last2=Phillips |first2=KM |last3=Lemar |first3=LE |last4=Holden |first4=JM |year=2006 |title=New and existing oils and fats used in products with reduced trans-fatty acid content |url=https://www.ars.usda.gov/ARSUserFiles/80400525/Articles/JADA106_867-880.pdf |journal=Journal of the American Dietetic Association |volume=106 |issue=6 |pages=867–880 |doi=10.1016/j.jada.2006.03.010 |pmid=16720128}}</ref> === Binciken asibiti === Binciken 2017 na binciken asibiti da masana da ke da alaƙa da Ƙungiyar Zuciya ta Amurka suka ba da shawarar game da amfani da man kwakwa saboda yaduwar sa don ƙara matakan jini na LDL a matsayin haɗari ga cututtukan zuciya.<ref name="circ"/> Binciken tsari 2020 da meta-analysis na Gwaje-gwaje na asibiti kan ko amfani da man kwakwa na yau da kullun na iya shafar Abubuwan haɗari ga [[Cutar zuciya|Cututtukan zuciya]] sun gano cewa ƙananan lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (amma kuma lipoprotein mai yawa (HDL)) sun fi girma idan aka kwatanta da mai na kayan lambu wanda ba na wurare masu zafi ba. Binciken ya bayyana cewa "ba za a kalli man kwakwa a matsayin mai mai lafiya don rage haɗarin cututtukan zuciya ba, da kuma iyakance amfani da man kwakwa saboda yawan kitsen da ke ciki ya dace".<ref name="Neela"/><templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />Man kwakwa yana da kashi 99% mai, wanda ya ƙunshi mafi yawan kitse (82% na duka; tebur). A cikin adadin ma'auni na gram 100, man kwakwa yana samar da adadin kuzari 890. Rabin kitsen da ke cikin man kwakwa shine lauric acid (41.8 grams a kowace 100 grams na jimlar abun da ke ciki), yayin da wasu mahimman kitsen da aka cika su ne myristic acid (16.7g), palmitic acid (8.6g), da Caprylic acid (6.8g). <ref name="USDA28">{{Cite web |date=May 2016 |title=Coconut oil; Nutrient content per 100 g |url=https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/171412/nutrients |access-date=1 September 2017 |publisher=USDA National Nutrient Database, Standard Release 28 }}{{Dead link|date=July 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Fats monounsaturated ne 6% na jimlar abun da ke ciki, kuma polyunsaturated fats ne 2% (tebur). Man kwakwa ya ƙunshi [[Phytosterol|phytosterols]], yayin da babu micronutrients a cikin mahimman abun ciki (tebur). [[Fayil:Coconut-butter.JPG|thumb|Kyakkyawan kitsen kwakwa]] === A cikin abinci === Man kwakwa yana da dogon tarihi a [[Asiya]], musamman a yankuna masu zafi inda shuka ke da yawa, inda aka yi amfani da shi don dafa abinci. Ita ce mai da aka zaba a cikin Abincin Sri Lanka, inda ake amfani da ita don sautéing da friting, a cikin kayan abinci masu dadi da masu dadi. Har ila yau, yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin abincin [[Tailan|Thailand]] da [[Kerala]]. An gabatar da man kwakwa kwanan nan ga yawancin abincin Yammacin Turai, kuma ana amfani dashi a cikin kayan burodi, kek, da sautés, yana da ingancin kwai tare da ɗanɗano. Wani lokaci ana amfani da shi ta hanyar gidan wasan kwaikwayo na fim don popcorn. Sauran amfani da abinci sun haɗa da maye gurbin kitse mai ƙarfi da aka samar ta hanyar Hydrogenation a cikin kayan burodi da kayan kwalliya.<ref name="Tarrago"/> Ana amfani da man kwakwa mai hydrogenated ko kuma wani ɓangare mai hydrogenated sau da yawa a cikin masu samar da madara da abinci mai cin abinci. A cikin soya, hayaki na man kwakwa shine {{Convert|177|°C|°F}} ° C (351 ° F). Coconut oil has been tested for use as a feedstock for biodiesel to use as a diesel engine fuel. In this manner, it can be applied to power generators and transport using diesel engines. Since straight coconut oil has a high gelling temperature ({{Convert|22–25|°C|°F}}), a high viscosity, and a minimum combustion chamber temperature of {{Convert|500|C}} (to avoid polymerization of the fuel), coconut oil typically is transesterified to make biodiesel. Use of B100 (100% biodiesel) is possible only in temperate climates, as the gel point is approximately {{Convert|10|°C|°F}}. The oil must meet the Weihenstephan standard<ref>{{Cite web |title=Weihenstephan vegetable oil fuel standard (German Rapeseed Fuel Standard) |url=http://vegburner.co.uk/oils.htm |access-date=2011-08-09}}</ref>  to use pure vegetable oil as a fuel. Moderate to severe damage from carbonisation and clogging would occur in an unmodified engine. The Philippines, [[Vanuatu]], [[Samoa]], and several other tropical island countries use coconut oil as an alternative fuel source to run automobiles, trucks, and buses, and to power generators.<ref>{{Cite web |title=In Vanuatu, A Proving Ground for Coconut Oil As An Alternative Fuel |url=http://www.onecountry.org/e151/e15101as_Deamer_profile.htm |access-date=2011-08-09 |publisher=One Country}}</ref> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Ingancin tushen bayani|<span title="This claim needs references to better sources. (August 2011)">better&nbsp;source&nbsp;needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> Biodiesel fuel derived from coconut oil is currently used as a fuel for transport in the Philippines.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Coconut fuel |url=http://www.pri.org/theworld/?q=node/7280 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121103181336/http://www.pri.org/theworld/?q=node/7280 |archive-date=3 November 2012 |access-date=2011-08-09 |website=[[The World (radio program)|The World]] |publisher=[[Public Radio International]]}}</ref><ref name="investvine">{{Cite web |last=Watson |first=Todd |date=1 August 2013 |title=Coconut biodiesel drives the Philippines |url=http://investvine.com/coconut-biodiesel-drives-the-philippines/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130809034419/http://investvine.com/coconut-biodiesel-drives-the-philippines/ |archive-date=9 August 2013 |access-date=11 August 2013 |website=Inside Investor}}</ref> Further research into the potential of coconut oil as a fuel for electricity generation is being carried out in the islands of the Pacific, although to date it appears that it is not useful as a fuel source due to the cost of labour and supply constraints. An gwada man kwakwa don amfani da shi azaman mai shafawa kuma a matsayin mai canzawa. Ana amfani da man kwakwa (da abubuwan da aka samo asali, kamar su coconut fatty acid) a matsayin albarkatun kasa a cikin masana'antar surfactants kamar cocamidopropyl betaine, cocamide MEA, da cocamide DEA. Ana iya amfani da acid da aka samo daga man kwakwa a matsayin magungunan herbicides.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=James |first=TK |last2=Rahman A |year=2005 |title=Efficacy of several organic herbicides and glyphosate formulations under simulated rainfall |url=http://www.nzpps.org/journal/58/nzpp_581570.pdf |journal=New Zealand Plant Protection |volume=58 |pages=157–163 |doi=10.30843/nzpp.2005.58.4322 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Kafin zuwan hasken lantarki, man kwakwa shine man farko da aka yi amfani da shi don haskakawa a Indiya kuma an fitar dashi azaman man cochin. === Sabulu === Man kwakwa muhimmin abu ne na asali don kera sabulu. Sabulu da aka yi da man kwakwa yana da wuya, kodayake yana riƙe da ruwa fiye da sabulu da aka sanya da wasu mai kuma ta haka ne yana ƙara yawan amfanin masana'anta. Yana da narkewa a cikin ruwa mai wuya da ruwan gishiri fiye da sauran sabulu yana ba shi damar yin lather cikin sauƙi. === Sauran amfani === Ana iya amfani da shi azaman man fetur don ƙonewa a cikin fitilar ko drip into fire don ƙirƙirar hayaki mai hana kwari. Hakanan yana kare ƙarfe daga lalatawa. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} * KERAFED * Fitar da cututtukan zuciya * Butter na kwakwa == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Fats and oils}}{{Authority control}} == Ƙarin karantawa == *   * Salunkhe, D.K., J.K. Chavan, R.N. Adsule, da SS Kadam. (1992). World Oilseeds: Chemistry, Technology, da Amfani. Mai ba da labari. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Musamman:BookSources/978-0442001124|<bdi>978-0442001124</bdi>]].{{ISBN|978-0442001124}}&nbsp; == Hanyoyin Haɗin waje == * {{Commons category-inline|Coconut oil [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] pw7swohdw2v3998irhe4figcdrx2l9o 0 160672 878521 875072 2026-07-07T14:09:45Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878521 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kyautar Dylan Thomas''' babbar kyauta ce ga matasan marubuta da ake bayarwa kowace shekara. Kyautar, wacce aka sanya wa suna don girmama marubuci kuma mawakin ƙasar Wales Dylan Thomas, tana kawo daraja ta duniya da kuma lada na £30,000 (~$46,000). An buɗe ta ga marubutan da aka buga a harshen Turanci waɗanda ba su kai shekara arba'in ba. Da farko an bayar da kyautar sau biyu a shekara amma ta zama kyauta ta shekara-shekara a shekarar 2010.<ref>{{Cite web |date=29 November 2010 |title=Dylan Thomas shortlisted writers reach out to young |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-11853381 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111120112438/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-11853381 |archive-date=20 November 2011 |access-date=11 January 2012 |website=BBC News Wales}}</ref> Mai wallafawa, edita, ko wakili ne ke gabatar da shigarwar kyautar; don wasannin kwaikwayo da shirye-shiryen allo, daga mai shiryawa. An fara bayar da kyautar adabi ta Dylan Thomas a shekarun 1980, wadda aka fi sani da '''kyautar Dylan Thomas Award''', bayan yakin neman zabe na sanya wani rubutu a cikin tunawa da mawaƙin a Westminster Abbey . An bayar da gudummawar kuɗin shiga na ƙarin kuɗi daga wani wasan kwaikwayo na tara kuɗi da kamfanin talabijin na HTV ya ɗauki nauyinsa don ba da damar bayar da kyautar £1,000 kowace shekara.<ref name="about" /> Bayan shekaru da yawa, an dakatar da kyautar saboda rashin kuɗi. An sake farfaɗo da ita, ta wata hanya daban, a cikin 2004, wanda Electronic Data Systems ta ɗauki nauyinsa, a wancan lokacin ɗaya daga cikin manyan ma'aikata a Swansea. Wannan kyautar ta karrama waɗanda aka zaɓa a matsayin waɗanda suka yi nasara a gasar kuma waɗanda suka lashe kyautar kowace shekara saboda ayyukan da aka buga a fannoni daban-daban na adabi waɗanda Dylan Thomas ya yi fice, ciki har da waƙoƙi, rubuce-rubuce, wasan kwaikwayo na almara, tarin gajerun labarai, littattafai, wasannin kwaikwayo na mataki da kuma wasan kwaikwayo na allo. "Muna son duniya ta san sha'awar Welsh na haɓaka sabbin rubuce-rubuce. Kyautarmu tana ba da kwarin gwiwa ga sabbin tsararrun marubuta a duk faɗin duniyar da ke magana da Turanci," in ji Peter Stead, Shugaban Kyautar Dylan Thomas. == Masu karɓa == {| class="wikitable sortable" |+Dylan Thomas Prize recipients !Year !Author !Title !Publisher !Result !Ref. |- style="background:lightyellow" ! rowspan="6" |2006 |{{Sortname|Rachel|Trezise}} |''Fresh Apples'' | |Winner | |- |{{Sortname|Liza|Ward}} |''Outside Valentine'' | | rowspan="5" |Shortlist | rowspan="5" | |- |{{Sortname|James|Scudamore|James Scudamore (author)}} |''The Amnesia Clinic'' | |- |{{Sortname|Ian|Holding}} |''Unfeeling'' | |- |{{Sortname|Nick|Laird}} |''Utterly Monkey'' and ''To a Fault'' | |- |{{Sortname|Lucy|Caldwell}} |''Where They Were Missed'' | |- style="background:lightyellow" ! rowspan="6" |2008 |{{Sortname|Nam|Le}} |''The Boat'' | |Winner | |- |{{Sortname|Edward|Hogan|Edward Hogan (writer)}} |''Blackmoor'' | | rowspan="5" |Shortlist | rowspan="5" | |- |{{Sortname|Ceridwen|Dovey}} |''Blood Kin'' | |- |{{Sortname|Dinaw|Mengestu}} |''Children of the Revolution'' | |- |{{Sortname|Ross|Raisin}} |''God's Own Country'' | |- |{{Sortname|Caroline|Bird}} |''Trouble Came to the Turnip'' | |- style="background:lightyellow" ! rowspan="6" |2010 |{{Sortname|Elyse|Fenton}} |''Clamor'' | |Winner |<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 1, 2010 |title=US poet wins £30,000 Dylan Thomas prize |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-11893144 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120608035149/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-11893144 |archive-date=June 8, 2012 |access-date=November 11, 2012 |website=BBC News}}</ref> |- |{{Sortname|Emily|Mackie}} |''And This Is True'' | | rowspan="5" |Shortlist | rowspan="5" | |- |{{Sortname|Nadifa|Mohamed}} |''Black Mamba Boy'' | |- |{{Sortname|Karan|Mahajan}} |''Family Planning'' | |- |{{Sortname|Eleanor|Catton}} |''The Rehearsal'' | |- |{{Sortname|Caroline|Bird}} |''Watering Can'' | |- style="background:lightyellow" ! rowspan="5" |2011 |{{Sortname|Lucy|Caldwell}} |''The Meeting Point'' | |Winner |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lucy Caldwell wins 2011 Dylan Thomas Prize |url=http://www.dylanthomasprize.com/news/documents/LucyCaldwellWINNERrelease_000.pdf |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120113134812/http://www.dylanthomasprize.com/news/documents/LucyCaldwellWINNERrelease_000.pdf |archive-date=13 January 2012 |access-date=11 January 2012 |website=The University of Wales |format=PDF}}</ref> |- |{{Sortname|Jacob|McArthur Mooney}} |''Folk'' | | rowspan="4" |Shortlist | rowspan="4" | |- |{{Sortname|Annabel|Pitcher}} |''My Sister Lives on the Mantelpiece'' | |- |{{Sortname|Benjamin|Hale|Benjamin Hale (author)}} |''The Evolution of Bruno Littlemore'' | |- |{{Sortname|Téa|Obreht}} |''The Tiger's Wife'' | |- style="background:lightyellow" ! rowspan="5" |2012 |{{Sortname|Maggie|Shipstead}} |''Seating Arrangements'' | |Winner |<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Schaub |first=Michael |date=2023-03-25 |title=Finalists for Dylan Thomas Prize Are Revealed |url=https://www.kirkusreviews.com/news-and-features/articles/finalists-for-dylan-thomas-prize-are-revealed/ |access-date=2023-03-25 |website=[[Kirkus Reviews]] |language=en}}</ref> |- |{{Sortname|D.W.|Wilson}} |''Once You Break A Knuckle'' | | rowspan="4" |Shortlist | rowspan="4" | |- |{{Sortname|Tom|Benn}} |''The Doll Princess'' | |- |{{Sortname|Chibundu|Onuzo}} |''The Spider King's Daughter'' | |- |{{Sortname|Andrea|Eames}} |''The White Shadow'' | |- style="background:lightyellow" ! rowspan="7" |2013 |{{Sortname|Claire Vaye|Watkins}} |''Battleborn'' | |Winner | |- |{{Sortname|Majok|Tulba}} |''Beneath the Darkening Sky'' | | rowspan="6" |Shortlist | rowspan="6" |<ref name="bbc20132" /> |- |{{Sortname|Marli|Roode}} |''Call It Dog'' | |- |{{Sortname|Prajwal|Parajuly}} |''Land Where I Flee'' | |- |{{Sortname|James|Brookes}} |''Sins of the Leopard'' | |- |{{Sortname|Tim|Leach}} |''The Last King of Lydia'' | |- |{{Sortname|Jemma L.|King}} |''The Shape of a Forest'' | |- style="background:lightyellow" ! rowspan="7" |2014 |{{Sortname|Joshua|Ferris}} |''To Rise Again at a Decent Hour'' | |Winner |<ref name="dylanthomas2014">{{Cite web |last=Wroe |first=Nicholas |date=7 November 2014 |title=Joshua Ferris wins Dylan Thomas prize |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/booksblog/2014/nov/07/joshua-ferris-wins-dylan-thomas-prize |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141112231640/http://www.theguardian.com/books/booksblog/2014/nov/07/joshua-ferris-wins-dylan-thomas-prize |archive-date=12 November 2014 |access-date=13 November 2014 |website=[[The Guardian]] |publisher=[[Guardian News and Media]]}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> |- |{{Sortname|Eimear|McBride}} |''A Girl Is a Half-formed Thing'' | | rowspan="6" |Shortlist | rowspan="6" | |- |{{Sortname|Owen|Sheers}} |''Mametz'' | |- |{{Sortname|Naomi|Wood}} |''Mrs. Hemingway'' | |- |{{Sortname|Kseniya|Melnik}} |''Snow in May'' | |- |{{Sortname|Kei|Miller}} |''The Cartographer Tries to Map a Way to Zion'' | |- |{{Sortname|Eleanor|Catton}} |''The Luminaries'' | |- style="background:lightyellow" ! rowspan="6" |2016 |{{Sortname|Max|Porter|Max Porter (writer)}} |''Grief Is the Thing with Feathers'' | |Winner |<ref name=":0" /> |- |{{Sortname|Frances|Leviston}} |''Disinformation'' | | rowspan="5" |Shortlist | rowspan="5" | |- |{{Sortname|Andrew|McMillan|Andrew McMillan (writer)}} |''Physical'' | |- |{{Sortname|Claire-Louise|Bennett}} |''Pond'' | |- |{{Sortname|Tania|James}} |''The Tusk that did the Damage'' | |- |{{Sortname|Sunjeev|Sahota}} |''The Year of the Runaways'' | |- style="background:lightyellow" ! rowspan="12" |2017 |{{Sortname|Fiona|McFarlane}} |''The High Places'' |Farrar, Straus &amp;amp; Giroux |Winner | |- |{{Sortname|Anuk|Arudpragasam}} |''The Story of a Brief Marriage'' |<nowiki>Granta|</nowiki> | rowspan="5" |Shortlist | rowspan="5" |<ref name="2017short">{{Cite web |title=2017: Fiona McFarlane, 'The High Places' |url=https://www.swansea.ac.uk/dylan-thomas-prize/previous-winners/fiona-mcfarlane-2017/#d.en.70417=&the-high-places-by-fiona-mcfarlane-is-named-as-the-winner-of-the-11th-international-dylan-thomas-prize-in-partnership-with-swansea-university=is-expanded |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029062015/https://www.swansea.ac.uk/dylan-thomas-prize/previous-winners/fiona-mcfarlane-2017/#d.en.70417=&the-high-places-by-fiona-mcfarlane-is-named-as-the-winner-of-the-11th-international-dylan-thomas-prize-in-partnership-with-swansea-university=is-expanded |archive-date=29 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2023 |website=www.swansea.ac.uk}}</ref> |- |{{Sortname|Alys|Conran}} |''Pigeon'' |Parthian Books |- |{{Sortname|Luke|Kennard|Luke Kennard (poet)}} |''Cain'' |Penned in the Margins |- |{{Sortname|Sarah|Perry}} |''The Essex Serpent'' |Serpent's Tail |- |{{Sortname|Callan|Wink}} |''Dog Run Moon: Stories'' |Granta |- |{{Sortname|Safiya|Sinclair}} |''Cannibal'' |University of Nebraska Press | rowspan="6" |Longlist | rowspan="6" | |- |{{Sortname|Jonathan Safran|Foer}} |''Here I Am'' |Farrar, Straus &amp;amp; Giroux |- |{{Sortname|Yaa|Gyasi}} |''Homegoing'' |Alfred A. Knopf |- |{{Sortname|Benjamin|Hale|Benjamin Hale (author)}} |''The Fat Artist and Other Stories'' |Picador / Farrar, Straus and Giroux |- |{{Sortname|Hannah|Kohler}} |''The Outside Lands'' |Picador / Farrar, Straus and Giroux |- |{{Sortname|Helen|Oyeyemi}} |''What Is Not Yours Is Not Yours'' |Picador / Farrar, Straus and Giroux |- style="background:lightyellow" ! rowspan="6" |2018 |{{Sortname|Kayo|Chingonyi}} |''Kumukanda'' |Chatto &amp;amp; Windus |Winner |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dylan Thomas Prize 2018 shortlist announced |url=https://www.booksandpublishing.com.au/articles/2018/03/28/104738/dylan-thomas-prize-2018-shortlist-announced/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190207020416/https://www.booksandpublishing.com.au/articles/2018/03/28/104738/dylan-thomas-prize-2018-shortlist-announced/ |archive-date=2019-02-07 |access-date=2019-02-04 |website=Books+Publishing |language=en-AU}}</ref> |- |{{Sortname|Sally|Rooney}} |''Conversations with Friends'' |Faber &amp;amp; Faber | rowspan="5" |Shortlist | rowspan="5" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dylan Thomas Prize 2018 shortlist announced |url=https://www.booksandpublishing.com.au/articles/2018/03/28/104738/dylan-thomas-prize-2018-shortlist-announced/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190207020416/https://www.booksandpublishing.com.au/articles/2018/03/28/104738/dylan-thomas-prize-2018-shortlist-announced/ |archive-date=2019-02-07 |access-date=2019-02-04 |website=Books+Publishing |language=en-AU}}</ref> |- |{{Sortname|Gwendoline|Riley}} |''First Love'' |Granta |- |{{Sortname|Carmen Maria|Machado}} |''Her Body and Other Parties'' |Graywolf Press |- |{{Sortname|Emily|Ruskovich}} |''Idaho'' |Vintage Books |- |{{Sortname|Gabriel|Tallent}} |''My Absolute Darling'' |Fourth Estate / HarperCollins |- style="background:lightyellow" ! rowspan="12" |2019 |{{Sortname|Guy|Gunaratne}} |''In Our Mad and Furious City'' |Tinder Press / Headline Publishing Group |Winner | |- |{{Sortname|Zoe|Gilbert}} |''Folk'' |Bloomsbury Publishing | rowspan="5" |Shortlist | rowspan="5" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-04-03 |title=2019 Dylan Thomas Prize shortlist announced |url=https://www.booksandpublishing.com.au/articles/2019/04/03/131044/2019-dylan-thomas-prize-shortlist-announced/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190403064528/https://www.booksandpublishing.com.au/articles/2019/04/03/131044/2019-dylan-thomas-prize-shortlist-announced/ |archive-date=2019-04-03 |access-date=2019-04-03 |website=Books+Publishing |language=en-AU}}</ref> |- |{{Sortname|Nana Kwame|Adjei-Brenyah}} |''Friday Black'' |Houghton Mifflin Harcourt (US); Riverrun (UK) |- |{{Sortname|Novuyo Rosa|Tshuma}} |''House of Stone'' |Atlantic Books |- |{{Sortname|Sarah|Perry}} |''Melmoth'' |Serpent's Tail |- |{{Sortname|Louisa|Hall}} |''Trinity'' |Ecco Press |- |{{Sortname|Jenny|Xie}} |''Eye Level'' |Graywolf Press | rowspan="6" |Longlist | rowspan="6" | |- |{{Sortname|Michael|Donkor}} |''Hold'' |Fourth Estate / HarperCollins |- |{{Sortname|Clare|Fisher}} |''How the Light Gets In'' |Influx Press |- |{{Sortname|Sally|Rooney}} |''Normal People'' |Faber &amp;amp; Faber |- |{{Sortname|Emma|Glass}} |''Peach'' |Bloomsbury Publishing |- |{{Sortname|Richard|Scott}} |''Soho'' |Faber &amp;amp; Faber |- style="background:lightyellow" ! rowspan="12" |2020 |{{Sortname|Bryan|Washington}} |''Lot'' |Atlantic Books |Winner |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Award Ceremony 2020 - Swansea University |url=https://www.swansea.ac.uk/dylan-thomas-prize/award-ceremony-2020/?fbclid=IwAR09SowCzWX8p-4U0pHWfK4-xmnYkQ1SdOOCGr81bM2WBKpGyPtT54g2MIM |access-date=2020-05-15 |website=www.swansea.ac.uk}}{{Dead link|date=May 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Mem: 9020728 |title=Washington wins 2020 Dylan Thomas Prize {{!}} Books+Publishing |url=https://www.booksandpublishing.com.au/articles/2020/05/15/150689/washington-wins-2020-dylan-thomas-prize/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200601063512/https://www.booksandpublishing.com.au/articles/2020/05/15/150689/washington-wins-2020-dylan-thomas-prize/ |archive-date=2020-06-01 |access-date=2020-05-15 |language=en-AU}}</ref> |- |{{Sortname|Mary Jean|Chan}} |''Flèche'' |Faber &amp;amp; Faber | rowspan="5" |Shortlist | rowspan="5" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 April 2020 |title=Dylan Thomas Prize 2020 shortlist announced |url=https://www.booksandpublishing.com.au/articles/2020/04/08/148999/dylan-thomas-prize-2020-shortlist-announced/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200411080546/https://www.booksandpublishing.com.au/articles/2020/04/08/148999/dylan-thomas-prize-2020-shortlist-announced/ |archive-date=2020-04-11 |access-date=2020-04-08 |website=Books+Publishing |language=en-AU}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=2020 shortlist |url=https://www.swansea.ac.uk/dylan-thomas-prize/archive/shortlist-2020/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231221173707/https://www.swansea.ac.uk/dylan-thomas-prize/archive/shortlist-2020/ |archive-date=December 21, 2023 |access-date=December 21, 2023 |website=[[Swansea University]]}}</ref> |- |{{Sortname|Stephen|Sexton}} |''If All the World and Love Were Young'' |Penguin Random House |- |{{Sortname|Téa|Obreht}} |''Inland'' |Weidenfeld &amp;amp; Nicolson |- |{{Sortname|Ocean|Vuong}} |''On Earth We're Briefly Gorgeous'' |Jonathan Cape / Vintage Books |- |{{Sortname|Jay|Bernard|Jay Bernard (writer)}} |''Surge'' |Chatto &amp;amp; Windus |- |{{Sortname|Helen|Mort}} |''Black Car Burning'' |Chatto &amp;amp; Windus | rowspan="6" |Longlist | rowspan="6" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=2020 Longlist - Swansea University |url=https://www.swansea.ac.uk/dylan-thomas-prize/2020-longlist/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200413142247/https://www.swansea.ac.uk/dylan-thomas-prize/2020-longlist/ |archive-date=2020-04-13 |access-date=2020-04-08 |website=www.swansea.ac.uk}}</ref> |- |{{Sortname|Meena|Kandasamy}} |''Exquisite Cadavers'' |Atlantic Books |- |{{Sortname|Yara|Rodrigues Fowler}} |''Stubborn Archivist'' |Fleet Publishing / Little, Brown and Company |- |{{Sortname|Madhuri|Vijay}} |''The Far Field'' |Atlantic Books |- |{{Sortname|Kirsty|Logan}} |''Things We Say in the Dark'' |Harvill Secker / Vintage Books |- |{{Sortname|Yelena|Moskovich}} |''Virtuoso'' |Serpent's Tail |- style="background:lightyellow" ! rowspan="12" |2021 |{{Sortname|Raven|Leilani}} |''Luster'' |Picador / Farrar, Straus and Giroux |Winner |<ref>{{Cite web |date=13 May 2021 |title=Dylan Thomas Prize: New Yorker Raven Leilani wins accolade |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-57109365 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210513220627/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-57109365 |archive-date=13 May 2021 |access-date=14 May 2021 |website=BBC News}}</ref> |- |{{Sortname|Dima|Alzayat}} |''Alligator and Other Stories'' |Picador / Farrar, Straus and Giroux | rowspan="5" |Shortlist | rowspan="5" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shortlist for Dylan Thomas Prize Is Revealed |url=https://www.kirkusreviews.com/news-and-features/articles/shortlist-for-dylan-thomas-prize-is-revealed/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210916132400/https://www.kirkusreviews.com/news-and-features/articles/shortlist-for-dylan-thomas-prize-is-revealed/ |archive-date=2021-09-16 |access-date=2021-03-29 |website=Kirkus Reviews |language=en}}</ref> |- |{{Sortname|Rye|Curtis}} |''Kingdomtide'' |Fourth Estate / HarperCollins |- |{{Sortname|Kate Elizabeth|Russell}} |''My Dark Vanessa'' |Fourth Estate / HarperCollins |- |{{Sortname|Catherine|Lacey|Catherine Lacey (author)}} |''Pew'' |Granta |- |{{Sortname|Akwaeke|Emezi}} |''[[The Death of Vivek Oji (littafi)|The Death of Vivek Oji]]'' |Faber &amp;amp; Faber |- |{{Sortname|Romalyn|Ante}} |''Antiemetic for Homesickness'' |Chatto &amp;amp; Windus | rowspan="6" |Longlist | rowspan="6" |<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2021-01-21 |title=Dylan Thomas Prize 2021: Longlist Announced |url=https://www.walesartsreview.org/dylan-thomas-prize-2021-longlist-announced/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210122160443/https://www.walesartsreview.org/dylan-thomas-prize-2021-longlist-announced/ |archive-date=2021-01-22 |access-date=2021-03-29 |website=Wales Arts Review |language=en-US}}</ref> |- |{{Sortname|Naoise|Dolan}} |''Exciting Times'' |Weidenfeld &amp;amp; Nicolson |- |{{Sortname|Frances|Cha}} |''If I Had Your Face'' |Viking / Penguin Random House |- |{{Sortname|Will|Harris|Will Harris (poet)}} |''Rendang'' |Granta |- |{{Sortname|Caoilinn|Hughes}} |''The Wild Laughter'' |Oneworld Publications |- |{{Sortname|Gabriel|Krauze}} |''Who They Was'' |Fourth Estate / HarperCollins |- style="background:lightyellow" ! rowspan="12" |2022 |{{Sortname|Patricia|Lockwood}} |''No One Is Talking About This'' |Bloomsbury Publishing |Winner |<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2022-05-13 |title=Lockwood wins Dylan Thomas prize for 'No One is Talking About This' |url=https://www.booksandpublishing.com.au/articles/2022/05/13/214132/lockwood-wins-dylan-thomas-prize-for-no-one-is-talking-about-this/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220514053732/https://www.booksandpublishing.com.au/articles/2022/05/13/214132/lockwood-wins-dylan-thomas-prize-for-no-one-is-talking-about-this/ |archive-date=2022-05-14 |access-date=2022-05-14 |website=Books+Publishing |language=en-AU}}</ref> |- |{{Sortname|Caleb Azumah|Nelson}} |''Open Water'' |Viking Press | rowspan="4" |Shortlist | rowspan="4" |<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2022-04-04 |title=Dylan Thomas Prize 2022 shortlist announced |url=https://www.booksandpublishing.com.au/articles/2022/04/04/212557/dylan-thomas-prize-2022-shortlist-announced/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220429001130/https://www.booksandpublishing.com.au/articles/2022/04/04/212557/dylan-thomas-prize-2022-shortlist-announced/ |archive-date=2022-04-29 |access-date=2022-05-14 |website=Books+Publishing |language=en-AU}}</ref> |- |{{Sortname|Nathan|Harris}} |''The Sweetness of Water'' |Tinder Press / Headline Publishing Group |- |{{Sortname|Brandon|Taylor|Brandon Taylor (writer)}} |''Filthy Animals'' |Daunt Books Publishing |- |{{Sortname|Nidhi Zak/Aria|Eipe}} |''Auguries of a Minor God'' |Faber &amp;amp; Faber |- |{{Sortname|Anuk|Arudpragasam}} |''A Passage North'' |Granta | rowspan="7" |Longlist | rowspan="7" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Diverse and global voices dominate the longlist for the Swansea University Dylan Thomas Prize |url=https://www.swansea.ac.uk/press-office/news-events/news/2021/02/diverse-and-global-voices-dominate-the-longlist-for-the-swansea-university-dylan-thomas-prize-.php |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220203223930/https://www.swansea.ac.uk/press-office/news-events/news/2021/02/diverse-and-global-voices-dominate-the-longlist-for-the-swansea-university-dylan-thomas-prize-.php |archive-date=2022-02-03 |access-date=2022-02-04 |website=Swansea University |language=en-GB}}</ref> |- |{{Sortname|Megan|Nolan}} |''Acts of Desperation'' |Jonathan Cape |- |{{Sortname|Fiona|Mozley}} |''Hot Stew'' |John Murray Press |- |{{Sortname|Tice|Cin}} |''Keeping the House'' |And Other Stories |- |{{Sortname|Dantiel W.|Moniz}} |''Milk Blood Heat'' |Atlantic Books |- |{{Sortname|Helen|Oyeyemi}} |''Peaces'' |Faber &amp;amp; Faber |- |{{Sortname|Desiree|Bailey}} |''What Noise Against the Cane'' |Yale University Press |- style="background:lightyellow" ! rowspan="6" |2023 |{{Sortname|Arinze|Ifeakandu}} |''God's Children Are Little Broken Things'' | |Winner |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Schaub |first=MIchael |date=2023-05-11 |title=Winner of the 2023 Dylan Thomas Prize Is Revealed |url=https://www.kirkusreviews.com/news-and-features/articles/winner-of-the-2023-dylan-thomas-prize-is-revealed/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230512011256/https://www.kirkusreviews.com/news-and-features/articles/winner-of-the-2023-dylan-thomas-prize-is-revealed/ |archive-date=2023-05-12 |access-date=2023-05-12 |website=[[Kirkus Reviews]] |language=en}}</ref> |- |{{Sortname|Warsan|Shire}} |''Bless the Daughter Raised by a Voice in Her Head'' | | rowspan="5" |Shortlist | rowspan="5" |<ref name=":0" /> |- |{{Sortname|Sheena|Patel}} |''I'm a Fan'' | |- |{{Sortname|Saba|Sams}} |''Send Nudes'' | |- |{{Sortname|Sara|Baume}} |''Seven Steeples'' | |- |{{Sortname|Robbie|Arnott}} |''Limberlost'' | |- style="background:lightyellow" ! rowspan="6" |2024 |Caleb Azumah Nelson |''Small Worlds'' | |Winner |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Schaub |first=Michael |date=2024-05-17 |title=Winner of the 2024 Dylan Thomas Prize Is Revealed |url=https://www.kirkusreviews.com/news-and-features/articles/winner-of-the-2024-dylan-thomas-prize-is-revealed/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240520185739/https://www.kirkusreviews.com/news-and-features/articles/winner-of-the-2024-dylan-thomas-prize-is-revealed/ |archive-date=2024-05-20 |access-date=2024-05-27 |website=[[Kirkus Reviews]] |language=en}}</ref> |- |Ayọ̀bámi Adébáyọ̀ |''A Spell of Good Things'' | | rowspan="5" |Shortlist | rowspan="5" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-03-26 |title=Dylan Thomas Prize 2024 shortlist announced |url=https://www.booksandpublishing.com.au/articles/2024/03/26/249428/dylan-thomas-prize-2024-shortlist-announced/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240328073244/https://www.booksandpublishing.com.au/articles/2024/03/26/249428/dylan-thomas-prize-2024-shortlist-announced/ |archive-date=2024-03-28 |access-date=2024-03-28 |publisher=Books+Publishing}}</ref> |- |A. K. Blakemore |''The Glutton'' | |- |Mary Jean Chan |''Bright Fear'' | |- |Joshua Jones |''Local Fires'' | |- |Catherine Lacey |''Biography of X'' | |- |- style="background:lightyellow" ! rowspan="6" |2025 |Yasmin Zaher |''{{Sort|Coin, The|The Coin}}'' | |Winner | |- |Seán Hewitt |''Rapture's Road'' |— | rowspan="5" |Shortlist | rowspan="5" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=2025 Shortlist - Swansea University |url=https://www.swansea.ac.uk/dylan-thomas-prize/shortlist-2025/ |access-date=2025-04-01 |website=www.swansea.ac.uk |language=en-GB }}{{Dead link|date=July 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> |- |Ferdia Lennon |''Glorious Exploits'' |— |- |Yael van der Wouden |''The Safekeep'' |— |- |Rebecca Watson |''I Will Crash'' |— |- |Eley Williams |''Moderate to Poor, Occasionally Good'' |— |- |- style="background:lightyellow" ! rowspan="6" |2026 |Sasha Debevec-McKenney |''Joy is My Middle Name'' |Fitzcarraldo Editions |Winner | |- |Harriet Armstrong |''To Rest Our Minds and Bodies'' |Les Fugitives | rowspan="5" |Shortlist | rowspan="5" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Swansea University Dylan Thomas Prize 2026 Announces Shortlist |url=https://www.swansea.ac.uk/cultural-institute/news-archive/swansea-university-dylan-thomas-prize-2026-announces-shortlist/swansea-university-dylan-thomas-prize-2026-announces-shortlist.php |access-date=22 March 2026 |website=[[Swansea University]]}}</ref> |- |Colwill Brown |''We Pretty Pieces of Flesh'' |Chatto &amp;amp; Windus |- |Suzannah V. Evans |''Under the Blue'' |Bloomsbury Publishing |- |Seán Hewitt |''Open, Heaven'' |Jonathan Cape |- |Derek Owusu |''Borderline Fiction'' |Canongate Books |} == Manazarta == rr1gbmj8my3vunzxoil5uflcrvq8kxz 0 160763 878532 876040 2026-07-07T14:31:38Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878532 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Databox}} '''Käte Duncker''' (an haife ta '''Paula Kathinka Döll'''; 23 ga Mayu 1871 - 2 ga Mayu 1953) 'yar siyasa ce kuma mai fafutukar mata ta Jamus wacce ta zama 'yar siyasa a Jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party of Germany sannan kuma Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Jamus . <ref name="KDlautHDK">{{Cite web |last=Hermann Weber |author-link=Hermann Weber |last2=Andreas Herbst |author-link2=Andreas Herbst |title=Duncker, Käte * 23.5.1871, † 2.5.1953 |url=https://www.bundesstiftung-aufarbeitung.de/wer-war-wer-in-der-ddr-%2363%3b-1424.html?ID=4212 |access-date=6 October 2016 |website=Handbuch der Deutschen Kommunisten |publisher=Karl Dietz Verlag, Berlin & Bundesstiftung zur Aufarbeitung der SED-Diktatur, Berlin}}</ref><ref name="KDlautHS">{{Cite web |last=Hiltrud Schroeder |date=23 May 2016 |title=Biografie - Käte Duncker |url=http://www.fembio.org/biographie.php/frau/biographie/kaete-duncker |access-date=6 October 2016 |website=aus Pusch/Gretter, Berühmte Frauen: 300 Portraits, Bd 3 (in Vorbereitung) |publisher=Prof. Dr. Luise F. Pusch i.A. Institut für Frauen-Biographieforschung}}</ref> == Rayuwa == === Tushen da ƙuruciya === An haifi Paula Kathinka Döll a Lörrach (Baden), kai tsaye a fadin iyaka zuwa arewacin Basel . <ref name="KDlautHS" /> Mahaifinta dan kasuwa ne kuma danginta sun rayu da kyau, amma lokacin da take 'yar shekara bakwai mahaifinta ya mutu kuma mahaifiyarta ta kai su zama a Friedrichroda a gefen gandun daji na Thuringian, kuma inda mahaifiyarta ke gudanar da karamin gidan baƙi ga masu hutu na rani.<ref name="KDlautHD">{{Cite web |last=Heinz Deutschland |title=Käte Duncker zum 140. Geburtstag. Zwei unveröffentliche Briefe ('' ... two unpublished letters [with biographical introduction]'') |url=http://www.lsa.k-p-d.org/resources/140.Geburtstag+von+K$C3$A4te+Duncker.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160328143512/http://www.lsa.k-p-d.org/resources/140.Geburtstag+von+K$C3$A4te+Duncker.pdf |archive-date=28 March 2016 |access-date=6 October 2016 |publisher=KPD Landesorganisation Sachsen-Anhalt, Zeitz}}</ref> === Siyasa ta yi amfani da koyarwa === Ta halarci makarantar 'yan mata a Friedrichroda da makarantar kasuwanci a Gotha kafin ta koma Kwalejin Horar da Malamai a Eisenach tsakanin 1888 da 1890. <ref name="KDlautHDK" /> Muradinta na zama malami ya gamu da adawa ta farko daga mai kula da ita da mahaifiyarta, amma duk da haka ta ci gaba, ta wuce jarrabawar cancanta a cikin 1890 kuma tana koyarwa, da farko, a Friedrichroda.<ref name="KDlautHS" /> A shekara ta 1893 ta koma [[Leipzig]] inda ta koyar a makarantar 'yan mata. A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 1893 ta halarci taron siyasa wanda Clara Zetkin ta yi jawabi wanda ya burge ta sosai.<ref name="KDlautHD" /> A shekara ta gaba ita kanta ta fara koyarwa a darussan maraice da kungiyar ma'aikatan ilimi ta Leipzig ta shirya. A nan ne ta fara saduwa da Hermann Duncker, tana karatu don zama malamin kiɗa, kuma daga baya mijinta.<ref name="KDlautHD" /> Koyaya, a cikin 1895 <ref name="KDlautHDK" /> ko 1896 ta rasa aikinta a makarantar Leipzig saboda Socialism ("wegen sozialistischer Gesinnung"). <ref name="KDlautHD" /><ref name="KDlautHD" /> Ta koma [[Hamburg]] inda ta koyar a wata makarantar 'yan mata. A Hamburg ta shiga cikin yajin aikin ma'aikatan tashar jiragen ruwa wanda ya faru tsakanin Nuwamba 1896 da Fabrairu 1897. A sakamakon goyon bayanta ga yajin aikin an kore ta daga mukamin koyarwarta, kamar yadda ta kasance a baya.<ref name="KDlautHD"/> Fahimtar cewa aikin koyar da yara wanda take ƙauna kuma wanda ta yi gwagwarmaya da shi, zai zama ba daidai ba da sa hannun siyasa, babban rauni ne.<ref name="KDlautBK">{{Cite web |last=Dr. Birgit Klaubert |author-link=:de:Birgit Klaubert |title=Warum wir unseren Fraktionssitzungsraum nach Käte Duncker benennen |url=http://www.die-linke-thl.de/themen/themen_a_z/a_d/kaete_duncker/ |access-date=6 October 2016 |publisher=Fraktion DIE LINKE. im Thüringer Landtag, Erfurt |archive-date=9 October 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161009120427/http://www.die-linke-thl.de/themen/themen_a_z/a_d/kaete_duncker/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ta koma Leipzig inda, duk da cewa ba ta shiga jami'ar ba, ta sami damar halartar wasu laccoci a kan "baƙo", musamman wadanda Karl Bücher ya gabatar.<ref name="KDlautHD" /> Daga baya ta tabbatar, sakamakon karatunta a wannan lokacin ne ta samar da littafinta na farko, "A kan shiga cikin jima'i na mata a cikin aiki" ("Ueber die Beteiligung des weiblichen Geschlechts an der Erwerbsthätigkeit"). <ref name="KDlautHD" /> Binciken ta ya kammala cewa masana'antu zai fadada budewar aiki ga mata, kuma ba zai yiwu a ƙuntata ayyukan ƙwararru na mata ba.<ref name="KDlautBK" />{{Quote box|{{center|From a 1901 Leipzig police report:}} "The most spiritually stirring and outstanding agitator in the local social democratic women's movement is the former teacher, now Mrs. Duncker, who appears as a speaker in almost all women's meetings in order to campaign against the respectable middle-class women's associations." ''"Die geistig hervorragendste Agitatorin der hiesigen sozialdem. Frauenbewegung ist die frühere Lehrerin, jetzige Frau Duncker, die fast in allen Frauenversammlungen als Rednerin auftritt und dabei die bürgerlichen Frauenvereinigungen bekämpft."''<ref name=KDlautSM>{{cite web|url=http://www.webgugger.de/duncker/hermann_duncker.html|title=Duncker, Käte, geb. Döll (23.5.1871 Lörrach/Baden - 1.5.1954 Bernau)|website=|publisher=Steffen Müller i.A. Kleingärtnerverein Hermann Duncker e.V, Zwickau|accessdate=7 October 2016}}{{Dead link|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>}}Ta auri Hermann Duncker, a yanzu dalibi ne na tattalin arziki, zuwa ƙarshen 1898. An haifi 'yarsu, Hedwig, a shekara ta 1899. A halin yanzu, Käte ta nutse cikin siyasar hagu na birnin, ta zama memba na farko na Jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party (<nowiki><i id="mwaw">"Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands"</i></nowiki> / SPD) sannan kuma ma'aikaciyar jam'iyya, <ref name="KDlautHDK"/> kodayake bisa doka kawai ya zama abin halatta ga mata su shiga siyasa a 1908. <ref name="KDlautBK"/> Ta yi amfani da ƙwarewarta ta koyarwa, tana ba da laccoci ga Kungiyar Ilimi ta Ma'aikata da ke rufe wallafe-wallafen, koyarwa, tarihi, zamantakewar siyasa da tattalin arziki. Ta zama shugabar "Kungiyar mata da 'yan mata na ma'aikata" ("Verein für Frauen und Mädchen der Arbeiterklasse") a Leipzig .<ref name="KDlautHDK" /> A watan Fabrairun 1903 an haifi ɗan ma'auratan na biyu, Karl: Lafiyar Käte Duncker ta lalace. Sun tashi daga [[Leipzig]] zuwa [[Dresden]]. Yayin da ta warke ta koma koyarwa kan kare yara, ilimi da haƙƙin mata. Wani littafi game da aikin yara ("Die Kinderarbeit und ihre Bekämpfung") ya bayyana a cikin 1906. A cikin 'yan shekaru masu zuwa ta haɓaka abota ta kusa da Clara Zetkin wanda ya kasance na sirri da na siyasa.<ref name="KDlautHDK"/> A shekara ta 1906 ta zama mataimakiyar edita mai kula da "Die Gleichheit" (<nowiki><i id="mwiw">"Daidaitawa"</i></nowiki>) , mujallar mata da Zetkin ke gudanarwa, a karkashin jagorancinsa ta tashi daga duhu zuwa rarraba da aka kiyasta a 1907 a kwafin 70,000. <ref name="KDlautHD"/><ref name="OnGleichheit">{{Cite web |last=Alexandra Kollontai (author) |last2=Sally Ryan (transcription 2000) |last3=Chris Clayton (proofed 2006) |date=1918 |title=The First International Conference of Socialist Women - Stuttgart. 1907 |url=https://www.marxists.org/archive/kollonta/1907/is-conferences.htm |access-date=7 October 2016 |website=International Socialist Conferences of Women Workers}}</ref> Wani yanki na alhakin Duncker a kan takarda shine sashin da ake kira "Ga yaranmu", wanda ya zama babban abin sha'awa ga iyalai masu aiki.<ref name="KDlautHD" /> A shekara ta 1906 ta ba da gabatarwa ga taron mata na SPD na huɗu a Mannheim kan kula da mata a lokacin da kuma bayan ciki. A cikin 1907 iyalin suka koma [[Stuttgart]].<ref name="KDlautHS"/> A wannan shekarar ta ba da gabatarwa game da ilimi ga Majalisar Mata a [[Nuremberg]] . A shekara ta 1910 ta kasance wakili a Taron Mata na Socialist na Duniya a [[Kwapanhagan|Copenhagen]] (wanda aka gudanar tare da Taron Socialist na Kasa da Kasa na wannan shekarar), inda ta gabatar da gabatarwa game da uwaye da kula da yara. Ta kuma shiga cikin ƙudurin gabatar da [[Ranar mata ta duniya|Ranar Mata ta Duniya]], wanda abokinta, Clara Zetkin ta gabatar a taron.<ref name="ICSW">{{Cite web |title="International Socialist Congress, 1910; Second International Conference of Socialist Women |url=https://archive.org/details/InternationalSocialistCongress1910SecondInternationalConferenceOf/page/n21/mode/2up |access-date=7 March 2020 |page=21}}</ref> Ranar Mata ta Duniya ta farko da aka yi bikin a Jamus (da Denmark, Austria da Switzerland) ya faru ne a ranar 19 ga Maris 1911 (ko da yake ra'ayin ya fito ne daga Ranar Mata na kasa da aka fara bikin a New York a ranar 28 ga Fabrairu 1909 ).<ref name="IWDperUN">{{Cite web |date=8 March 2008 |title=History ... International Women's Day |url=https://www.un.org/events/women/iwd/2008/history.shtml |access-date=7 October 2016 |publisher=[[United Nations]]}}</ref> In 1911 Duncker gave a presentation to the SPD Party Conference, held that year in [[Jena]], where, according to one source, she had her first encounter with Rosa Luxemburg. By now, a couple of months before the birth of her third child early in 1909, she had withdrawn from her editorial position with "Die Gleichheit". She had been a member of the party's national Education Committee since 1908.<ref name="KDlautHDK"/> In 1912 the family relocated again, this time to [[Berlin]]. === Yaƙi da Ƙungiyar Spartacus === <templatestyles src="Template:Quote_box/styles.css" />{{Quote box|{{center|Käte Duncker and World War I. An admirer (and former pupil) writes:}} "Suddenly the entire weight and responsibility of such wide ranging and dangerous organisational work lay on the shoulders of this delicate woman. Already sufficiently burdened by her domestic difficulties [possibly involving her sensitive elder son], unhesitatingly everything that the times and circumstances required." ''"Plötzlich lag die ganze Last und Verantwortung der so umfassenden wie gefährlichen Organisationsarbeit auf den schwachen Schultern dieser zarten Frau. Sie, die mit ihren häuslichen Sorgen schon genug beschwert war, hat aber ohne Zögern alles auf sich genommen und alles geleistet, was Zeit und Umstände erforderten."''<ref>Jacob Walcher, Gemeinsam mit Käte und Hermann Duncker. In: Tribüne, Ausg. A. (1949), v. 23. 5., p. 2</ref> {{right|''[[:de:Jacob Walcher|Jacob Walcher]], writing in 1949''<ref name=KDlautHD/>}}}}[[Yaƙin Duniya na I|Yaƙi]] ya ɓarke a ƙarshen Yuli 1914. A cikin Reichstag (majalisa ta ƙasa) jagorancin SPD sun aiwatar da ingantaccen Yarjejeniyar jam'iyya na tsawon lokacin. A cikin kuri'un da aka gudanar a ranar 4 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1914, maimakon jefa kuri'a a kan kudaden yaki, SPD ta guje wa. Tun daga farko, duk da haka, wannan fasalin kishin kasa daga jagorancin jam'iyyar ya gamu da adawa daga 'yan kasa da kasa da' yan jam'iyyar hagu. Hermann da Käte Duncker sun yi tsayayya da kudade don yaƙin, kuma yayin da talauci na tattalin arziki a gaban gida ya karu, kiran kawo ƙarshen kisan kai a kan layin gaba zai kara karfi. A cikin 1915 Käte Duncker, ta kasance co-kafa labarai-sheet, "The International", wanda ta zama mai ba da gudummawa akai-akai.<ref name="KDlautHDK"/> Labarin ya ɗauki sunansa daga Ƙungiyar Duniya wacce aka ƙaddamar a cikin SPD a kan shirin Rosa Luxemburg a lokacin barkewar yaƙin kuma wanda Dunckers suka kasance farkon sabbin ma'aikata.<ref name="KDlautHDK" /> [[Fayil:Illustrierte_Geschichte_der_Deutschen_Revolution_Page_135_Edit_Crop.jpg|left|thumb|Duncker (jerin na uku, dama) daga cikin mahalarta Taron Reich na Spartacus League, 1 ga Janairu 1916]] A shekara ta 1916 an sake sunan Ƙungiyar ta Duniya, ta zama Spartacus League . Duncker ta ci gaba da yin kamfen game da yakin, ta amfani da asalin ta a kan ilimin jam'iyyar don ganowa da magance kungiyoyin matasa, yayin da kuma samar da "Spartacus Letters" (''"Spartakusbriefe"'') ba bisa ka'ida ba, tana ɗauke da saƙonnin zaman lafiya. Wannan ya ba ta " haramtacciyar magana" a ranar 30 ga Mayu 1916. Ta yi aiki a Berlin tare da Leo Jogiches don daidaita kokarin yaki a duk faɗin ƙasar.<ref name="KDlautBK"/> A watan Satumbar 1916 ta wakilci Ƙungiyar Spartacus League a taron jam'iyyar SPD na kasa. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan wannan ta sha wahala daga matsalar kiwon lafiya kuma ta kwashe watanni uku a asibiti. Daga 1918 ita ce ke da alhakin "Aikin Mata" (''"Frauenarbeit"'') a hedkwatar Spartacus League . <ref name="KDlautHDK"/> === Rikicin bayan yaƙi === Game da matakan rufewar yaƙin, kafofin ba su da wani shiru game da aikinta na zaman lafiya. A cikin yanayin [[:de:Efraim Liljequist|daga]]&#x5D;-linkid="190" href="./German_Revolution_of_1918–19" id="mwARA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="German Revolution of 1918–19">watanni na juyin juya hali da suka biyo bayan cin nasarar soja na kasa, bayan kisan gillar da aka yi a watan Janairun 1919 na Rosa Luxemburg da Karl Liebknecht, an kama Käte Duncker a ranar 16 ga watan Janairu 1919: an tsare ta a takaice kuma an yi mata tambayoyi.<ref name="KDlautHD"/> Daga nan sai ta koma [[Leipzig]] inda haɗarin kai hari kwatsam ko ƙarin kamawa ya zama kamar a Berlin. A lokacin yakin an tura 'ya'yanta maza zuwa Denmark inda suke zama tare da abokai, kuma a cikin Match 1919, a lokacin da aka kashe Leo Jogiches, ta shiga cikinsu.<ref name="KDlautHD" /> Koyaya, izinin zama na Danish ya kasance ɗan gajeren lokaci, kuma a ƙarshen Mayu 1919 dole ne ta koma [[Sweden]], inda {{Interlanguage link|Efraim Liljequist|de}} [de], farfesa a falsafar a [[Lund]]_University" id="mwASA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Lund University">Jami'ar Lund wanda abokinta Gertrud Liljequist ta auri, ta sami damar samar da tabbacin da ya dace a madadin ta.<ref name="KDlautHD" /> Daga Lund ta bi abubuwan da suka faru bayan yaƙi tare da sha'awa sosai.<ref name="KDlautHD" /> A rubuce-rubuce ga mijinta a ranar 25 ga Yuni 1919, ta gano sharuddan zaman lafiya da Shugaban Amurka, Woodrow Wilson ya sanya a matsayin "districtates na ikon mulkin mallaka, mai nasara bayan faduwar abokin hamayyarsa na Jamus" (''"Diktat imperialistischer Siegermächte über den niedergeworfenen Konkurrenten Deutschland"'').<ref name="KDlautHD" /> Koyaya, yawancin hankalinta an sadaukar da shi ga tsara ci gaban zamantakewar al'umma da ƙungiyar ma'aikata a Jamus.<ref name="KDlautHD" /> (Ta kuma taimaka tare da fassarar akalla takardar habilitation ta Sweden zuwa Jamusanci, don gwadawa da tallafa wa kanta ta kudi. <ref name="KDlautHD" /> ) A cewar wani tushe, a shekara ta 1919 Duncker ta ji cewa ta tsufa sosai saboda ayyukanta da abubuwan da ta samu a lokacin yakin duniya na farko. Shekaru masu zuwa sun nuna cewa ba a riga an kashe makamashi ba, duk da haka. === Shekaru na Weimar === A ƙarshe SPD ta rabu game da batun goyon baya ga yaƙin a 1917. Manyan ƙungiyoyi biyu masu rabuwa sune Spartacus League da Jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party ("Unabhängige Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands" / USPD). Bayan ƙarni guda, ba koyaushe yake da sauƙi a rarrabe ƙungiyoyin biyu daga juna ba, kuma a watan Maris na shekara ta 1917 Ƙungiyar Spartacus ta haɗu da USPD yayin da take riƙe da matsayi mai cin gashin kanta a ciki. Wasu daga cikin saɓani da ke cikin waɗannan shirye-shiryen an magance su a wani taron da aka gudanar a Berlin tsakanin 30 ga Disamba 1918 da 1 ga Janairu 1919 wanda ya ba da tsari ga yarjejeniyoyin da aka shiga a farkon watan, a cikin tsarin kafa Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Jamus. Hermann da Käte Duncker suna daga cikin mambobinta na farko, waɗanda aka zaba da wuri zuwa kwamitin tsakiya na jam'iyyar.<ref name="KDlautBK"/> Käte Duncker ta dawo daga Sweden zuwa ƙarshen 1919 kuma ta fara taƙaitaccen jerin laccoci a Kwalejin Ilimi na Ma'aikata (''"Arbeiterbildungsschule"'') a [[Berlin]], <ref name="KDlautHDK"/> kuma tana tallafa wa kanta da aikin fassara. A watan Disamba na shekara ta 1919, tare da mijinta, ta koma Thuringia inda aka ba iyalin ɗaki a [[:de:Siebleben|Gotha-Siebleben]]. 1920 shekara ce mai wahala yayin da yankin ya zama abin da aka mayar da hankali ga Lüttwitz-Kapp Putsch . Bayan tashin hankali gwamnatin gundumar hagu ta yi murabus kuma Hermann Duncker, wanda ta yi aiki da shi a matsayin babban sakatare / gudanarwa, ya rasa aikinsa kuma an tilasta masa ya koma ga "aikinsa na baya" a matsayin malami mai aiki a jam'iyyar Kwaminisanci, wanda ke da tasiri mai tsanani ga iyali. <ref name="HDlautHDK">{{Cite web |last=Helmut Müller-Enbergs |author-link=Helmut Müller-Enbergs |last2=Hermann Weber |author-link2=Hermann Weber |last3=Andreas Herbst |author-link3=Andreas Herbst |title=Duncker, Hermann * 24.5.1874, † 22.6.1960 Rektor der FDGB-Bundesschule |url=https://www.bundesstiftung-aufarbeitung.de/wer-war-wer-in-der-ddr-%2363%3b-1424.html?ID=643 |access-date=7 October 2016 |website="Wer war wer in der DDR?" (on the first half of the web page) and Handbuch der Deutschen Kommunisten (on the second half of the web page) |publisher=(1) Ch. Links Verlag, Berlin, (2) Karl Dietz Verlag, Berlin & (3) Bundesstiftung zur Aufarbeitung der SED-Diktatur, Berlin}}</ref> === Majalisar dokokin yanki === A ƙarshen lokacin rani na 1921 jam'iyyar ta gayyaci Duncker ya tsaya a matsayin dan takara na majalisar dokoki yanki (Landtag). Ba tare da gardama ba ne tsakanin abokan siyasa, kuma a wani mataki ta janye shi. Duk da haka, a ƙarshe sunanta ya kasance a ɗakin jerin sunayen 'yan takarar Jam'iyyar Kwaminis kuma a watan Disamba na 1921, yanzu tana da shekaru hamsin, an zabe ta zuwa majalisar. Ta yi magana game da alhakinta na majalisa tare da halayyar kuzari, gudummawar da ta bayar tana mai da hankali kan batutuwan da suka shafi ƙuruciya, da kuma gina kan ra'ayoyin da suka samo asali a lokacin da take malama a Eisenach da Friedrichroda. Ta yi kamfen don gabatar da abinci mai gina jiki na makaranta da wuraren kula da yara. Ta bukaci ci gaba da ilimin da talakawa ke samu. A sakamakon aikin koyarwarta Käte Duncker ta zama mai goyon bayan ka'idojin da [[Maria Montessori]] ta kirkira, wanda ya sa ta damu da kanta da inganta ƙwarewar horar da malamai. A lokacin da ake ci gaba da rarrabuwar ciki a cikin Jam'iyyar Kwaminis dole ne a haɗa ayyukanta na majalisa tare da tarurrukan jam'iyyun kasa da na yanki marasa iyaka. Yawan aikin majalisa da jam'iyya na iya zama mai gajiyarwa kuma ta sha wahala da yawa daga rashin lafiya.<ref name="KDlautBK"/> A saman sauran ayyukanta, ta ci gaba da shirya kungiyoyin mata a duk yankin. A bayyane yake daga wasiƙunta cewa waɗannan tarurruka, da kuma tattaunawar da ke faruwa a gare su, sun kasance da muhimmanci sosai a gare ta. Bayan wani lokaci na tashin hankali, a watan Nuwamba 1923 gwamnatin yankin a Thuringia, wacce ta kasance hadin gwiwa tsakanin SPD da ƙungiyar Kwaminisanci, ta rushe. A watan Fabrairun 1924 ba a zabi ta a matsayin dan takara a zaben da ya biyo baya ba.<ref name="KDlautBK"/> === Shekaru masu duhu na mulkin demokraɗiyya na Weimar === Relations between the Soviet communist party and the German communist party were close during the Weimar years. Between March 1924 and July 1924 Käte Duncker undertook an extended visit to [[Moscow]].<ref name="KDlautHDK"/> By 1926 she was living back in [[Berlin]].<ref name="KDlautHD"/> Some evidence of her activities and impressions from her first visit to the [[Tarayyar Sobiyet|Soviet Union]] appeared in her 1927 publication "Women in the Soviet Union" (''"Die Frau in der Sowjetunion"''). After 1925 she joined with her husband in his teaching work and political journalism,<ref name="KDlautHDK" /> also teaching classes at the Marxist Workers School (''"Marxistische Arbeiterschule"'' / "MASCH") in Berlin.<ref name="KDlautHD" /> === Shekaru na Nazi da gudun hijira === Régime change in January 1933 signalled a rapid transition to one-party dictatorship, with communists high on the government enemies' list. Intrusive house searches and book burnings became mainstream. Hermann Duncker was arrested in February 1933 and remained in prison till November 1933.<ref name="HDlautHDK"/> It was, perhaps, a tribute to the vigour with which his wife campaigned for his release from the penitentiary at Brandenburg that by the end of 1933 he was home.<ref name="KDlautHD"/> He lived under intense police surveillance till 1935 when he managed to escape, initially, to [[Denmark]].<ref name="HDlautHDK" /> The Duncker's elder son, Karl, went into exile in 1935, first to Cambridge in [[Ingila|England]], and then ending up in the [[Tarayyar Amurka|United States]].<ref name="KDlautSS">{{Cite web |last=Simone Schnall |date=1999 |title=Life as the problem: Karl Duncker's context |url=https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/handle/1810/239301/Schnall%20%281999%29.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y |access-date=8 October 2016 |publisher=University of Cambridge (repository)}}</ref> Their younger son, Wolfgang, also went into exile in 1935, relocating with his Swiss-born wife, Erika, to [[Moscow]]. During 1936 Käte Duncker moved back from Berlin to Friedrichroda. In November 1936, she emigrated to the United States where she lived in a [[New York (birni)|New York]] apartment block and was able to find work as a cleaner and as a language teacher.<ref name="KDlautHDK"/> One of her reasons for choosing New York was to be close to her brilliant elder son who was believed to be unwell.<ref name="KDlautHS"/> The next few years were dominated by family tragedy. Bayan 1935 ɗanta Wolfgang ya yi aiki a masana'antar fina-finai a Moscow. Wani tushe ya bayyana shi a matsayin mai bin [[Nikolai Bukharin]], duk da haka.<ref name="KDlautHDK"/> Wannan na iya zama ko kuma ba shine dalilin da ya sa aka kama shi a cikin tsarkakewa na lokacin ba, ya ɓace, tare da sauran [[:de:Deutsche Operation des NKWD|'Yan gudun hijirar siyasa na Jamus a Moscow]], a cikin 1938. Ɗanta na fari yana gina aiki a matsayin sanannen masanin ilimin halayyar dan adam na Gestalt, a wannan lokacin yana zaune a Kwalejin Swarthmore kusa da Philadelphia, da kuma sa'o'i biyu ta jirgin ƙasa daga New York.<ref name="KDlautSS"/> Akwai tushe da ke nuna cewa duk da haka yana fama da matsalar lafiyar kwakwalwa ta kansa na wasu shekaru: a farkon watan Fabrairun 1940, jim kadan bayan ranar haihuwarsa ta 37, biyo bayan jerin "rashin hankali", Karl ya kashe kansa.<ref name="KDlautSS" /> Mahaifiyarsa ta sha wahala sosai.<ref name="KDlautHD"/> Duk da haka ta sami damar yin tashin hankali don samun izinin zama na Amurka ga mijinta, a wannan lokacin tana rayuwa cikin haɗari a Faransa da ke da rabin mamayewa. Ya isa "ƙasar" a watan Satumbar shekara ta 1941.<ref name="KDlautHD" /> A wannan lokacin Käte Duncker ta sami aiki a matsayin koyar da Jamusanci a makarantar sakandare. === Yankin mamayewar Soviet / Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Jamus === Dunckers sun koma Jamus a 1947, sun fara zama a Rostock sannan daga baya a [[Berlin]]" id="mwAeM" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Bernau bei Berlin">Bernau, a waje da Berlin. Gida yanzu ta kasance wani ɓangare na Yankin mamayewar Soviet, an sake sake shi a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 1949 a matsayin Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Jamus sabuwar jiha ta Jamus da ta rabu tare da tsarin siyasa da tattalin arziki wanda aka tsara a kan na [[Tarayyar Sobiyet|Tarayyar Soviet]]. A halin yanzu ba ta da lafiya, Käte Duncker ba ta da hannu a siyasa, kuma ba ta taɓa damuwa da sanya hannu kan membobinta na jam'iyyar kwaminisanci a fadin sabuwar Jam'iyyar Socialist Unity Party (<nowiki><i id="mwAek">"Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands"</i></nowiki> / SED) , wanda, bayan kirkirarta a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1946, da sauri ya zama jam'iyya mai mulki a cikin sabon nau'in mulkin kama-karya na Jamus. Duk da haka, a ranar 2 ga Yuni 1948 ta rubuta wa tsohon abokinta kuma abokin tarayya, Wilhelm Pieck, tana rokonsa ya yi amfani da tasirin kansa don gano abin da ya faru da ƙaramin ɗanta, Wolfgang. Kamar shi, Wilhelm Pieck ya koma [[Moscow]] a 1935; ba kamar Wolfgang ba, ya tsira, kuma yanzu ya zama babban ɗan siyasan Jamus a Yankin mamayewar Soviet. (A shekara ta 1949 ya zama shugaban farko na Gabashin Jamus.) A ranar 10 ga Nuwamba 1948 Dunckers sun karɓi saƙo daga [[Kungiyar agaji ta Red Cross da Red Crescent ta kasa da kasa|Red Cross]] yana sanar da su cewa ƙaramin ɗansu ya mutu a [[:de:Arbeitslager Workuta|Vorkuta]] a ranar 20 ga Nuwamba 1942. <ref name="KDlautHD"/> Dangane da cikakken rahoto da matarsa ta gabatar ga Kwamitin Tsakiya na Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Jamus da ke gudun hijira a Moscow a ranar 22 ga Satumba 1939, an kama Wolfgang a ranar 21 ga Maris 1938 kuma an yi masa tambayoyi. An tilasta masa, bayan watanni huɗu, ya sanya hannu kan ikirarin ƙarya, sannan aka kai shi sansanin fursuna inda yanayin ya kasance mai tsanani. (Wolfgang ta tsira daga yakin, tana aiki a masana'antar tanki (soja), kuma ta koma Yankin mamayewar Soviet a 1945 tare da mijinta na biyu da 'ya'yanta biyu da suka tsira. ) Käte Duncker ya mutu a Bernau bei Berlin a ranar 2 ga Mayu 1953. Kasa da shekara guda da ta gabata ta yi kira ga wani tsohon abokin tarayya, yana rubutu a madadin abokinta, ɗan jarida [[:de:Jacob Walcher|Jacob Walcher]], ga Walter Ulbricht. An kori Walcher daga jam'iyyar saboda bambance-bambance na koyarwa. Ba a san ko rokon Duncker ga Ulbricht a 1952 ya taka rawar gani wajen haifar da farfadowar abokinta a shekarar 1956.<ref name="JWlautHDK">{{Cite web |last=Bernd-Rainer Barth |author-link=Bernd-Rainer Barth |last2=Hermann Weber |author-link2=Hermann Weber |last3=Andreas Herbst |author-link3=Andreas Herbst |title=Walcher, Jacob * 7.5.1887, † 23.7.1970 Chefredakteur der "Tribüne" |url=http://bundesstiftung-aufarbeitung.de/wer-war-wer-in-der-ddr-%2363%3B-1424.html?ID=3674 |access-date=8 October 2016 |website="Wer war wer in der DDR?" (on the first half of the web page) and Handbuch der Deutschen Kommunisten (on the second half of the web page) |publisher=(1) Ch. Links Verlag, Berlin, (2) Karl Dietz Verlag, Berlin & (3) Bundesstiftung zur Aufarbeitung der SED-Diktatur, Berlin}}</ref> == Bikin ==   Jihar Jamus ta Gabas tana buƙatar samun jarumawa da jarumai masu dacewa: Käte Duncker a bayyane ya gamsu da ka'idojin. Kafin 1990 wurare da yawa suna da tituna da aka sanya mata suna. A cikin Friedrichroda titin da mahaifiyarta ta gudanar da karamin gidan baƙi a cikin shekarun da suka gabata na karni na sha tara ya zama "Käte-Duncker-Straße".<ref name="KDlautHS"/> Makarantu, Kindergarten, har ma da kwalejin horar da malamai da ta halarta a Eisenach an sake masa suna don girmama ta.<ref name="KDlautHS" /> Kwanan nan a shekarar 2013 wani dan takarar magajin gari a [[Hanover]] ya ba da shawarar cewa ya kamata a sake sunan titin "Walderseestraße" a matsayin "Käte-Duncker-Straße", a matsayin daya daga cikin sauye-sauyen sunan titin da aka yi niyyar nuna cewa birni ya kasance mai sassaucin ra'ayi, mai ci gaba, kuma a buɗe ga duniya, bayan ya bar kwanakin mulkin mallaka da ba na dimokuradiyya ba.<ref name="CarSchH">{{Cite web |last=Carsten Schulz (non-party "Oberbürgermeisterkandidat") |date=23 July 2013 |title=Mein Aktionsprogramm für Hannover |url=https://die-wahrheit-wird-siegen999.blogspot.co.uk/ |access-date=8 October 2016}}</ref> Ba za a iya gujewa ba, duk da haka, jarumai na Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Jamus sun rasa ɗan gogewarsu bayan canje-canje da suka haifar da mutuwar mulkin, sannan kuma sake hadewar Jamus a watan Oktoba 1990. A cikin wurin shakatawa na jama'a (''"Kurpark"'') a Friedrichroda an cire mutum-mutumi na tunawa da ke nuna Duncker a matsayin malami wanda ke ba da umarni ga ɗalibai uku a cikin 2009 don share hanyar sabon hanyar tafiya. An sake sanya mutum-mutumi na tunawa a cikin 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Redaktion Gotha aktuell |date=26 August 2022 |title=Einweihung Käthe Duncker Denkmal und Springbrunnenfest im Kurpark Friedrichroda |url=https://gotha-aktuell.info/2022/08/26/einweihung-kaethe-duncker-denkmal-und-springbrunnenfest-im-kurpark-friedrichroda/ |access-date=31 March 2026}}</ref> A ranar 15 ga Oktoba 2013 jam'iyyar Die Linke (Hagu) ta Jamus ta sake ba da sunan ɗakin taro a Majalisar Dokokin Yankin a Thuringia (inda ta zauna a matsayin memba na Jam'iyyar Kwaminisanci a cikin 1920s) "Käte Duncker room" (Jamusanci: ). <ref name="KDSaal">{{Cite web |date=15 October 2013 |title=Fraktionsraum heißt Käte-Duncker-Saal |url=http://www.die-linke-thl.de/nc/presse/pressemitteilungen/detail/browse/79/zurueck/pressemitteilungen-1/artikel/fraktionsraum-heisst-kaete-duncker-saal/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160105105835/http://www.die-linke-thl.de/nc/presse/pressemitteilungen/detail/browse/79/zurueck/pressemitteilungen-1/artikel/fraktionsraum-heisst-kaete-duncker-saal/ |archive-date=5 January 2016 |access-date=6 October 2016 |publisher=Fraktion DIE LINKE. im Thüringer Landtag, Erfurt}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] czgxmvltithkmr2g1czv0k1k9tmx1sk 0 160791 878783 876213 2026-07-08T06:56:08Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878783 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Makarantar firamare''' nau'in makaranta ce da ke ba da ilimin firamare ga yara, galibi tsakanin shekaru 8 zuwa 13, bayan halartar makarantar jarirai, wacce ta shafi shekarun tsakanin 5-7. Tunda makarantun jarirai da ƙananan makarantu suna ba da ilimin firamare, galibi ana sanya ɗalibai a cikin gini mai haɗin kai - [[Makarantar Firamare|makarantar firamare]] . == Ostiraliya == A [[Asturaliya|Ostiraliya]], '''makarantar firamare''' yawanci wani ɓangare ne na makarantar mai zaman kanta wadda ke koyar da yara tsakanin shekaru 2 zuwa 5. A Kudancin Ostiraliya, makarantar firamare ta ƙarama, ita ce inda yaro zai fara karatunsa, yawanci a ko kafin matakin shekara kafin Shekara ta 1. Dangane da makarantar, yaro zai koma babban makarantar firamare tsakanin shekaru 3 cikin 8 A yawancin makarantun firamare, makarantar firamare tana cikin gine-gine da filin makarantar firamare, kodayake wasu makarantun firamare suna kan wani wuri da ke kusa ko kuma daban. == Kanada == A [[Kanada|ƙasar Kanada]], galibi a [[Toronto]], tsohuwar Hukumar Ilimi ta Etobicoke tana amfani da kalmar '''makarantar firamare''' don nufin makarantun gwamnati daga makarantar renon yara zuwa aji 5. Yawancin makarantun da ke cikin tsohuwar Hukumar Ilimi ta Scarborough da Hukumar Ilimi ta Toronto suna amfani da kalmar '''makarantar renon yara ta gwamnati''' don makarantu daga makarantar renon yara zuwa aji 6. == Ƙasar Ingila == A [[Birtaniya|Burtaniya,]] makarantar firamare yawanci ƙaramar makaranta ce da ke hidimar wani yanki na musamman, kuma makarantu masu zaman kansu suna amfani da ita don komawa ga ayyukan renon yara da makarantun firamare da suke bayarwa. Makarantar firamare wani ɓangare ne na tsarin samar da ilimin firamare na gida. Yawancin makarantun firamare suna kula da ɗaliban da suka ƙaura daga makarantun jarirai tun daga watan Satumba bayan cikarsu ta bakwai, bayan sun ɗauki SAT ɗinsu na mataki na 1. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019 |title=Primary |url=https://www.theeducationwebsite.co.uk/index.php?page=primary |access-date=30 June 2019 |publisher=The Education Website |archive-date=8 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190608055133/http://www.theeducationwebsite.co.uk/index.php?page=primary |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ɗalibai suna shiga aji na 3, kuma suna zama a makarantar na tsawon shekaru huɗu, suna barin a ƙarshen aji na 6 lokacin da yawancin ɗalibai suka kai shekaru 11. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019 |title=Primary education (4 to 11 years) |url=https://www.cambridgeshire.gov.uk/residents/children-and-families/schools-%26-learning/education-system/primary-education-4-to-11-years/ |access-date=30 June 2019 |publisher=[[Cambridgeshire County Council]] |archive-date=30 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190630143731/https://www.cambridgeshire.gov.uk/residents/children-and-families/schools-%26-learning/education-system/primary-education-4-to-11-years/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Waɗannan shekaru huɗu suna zama Mataki na 2 a tsarin ilimin Ingilishi . A ƙarshen wannan lokacin, yawancin ɗalibai za su koma makarantar sakandare . A ƙarshen shekarun 1960 da farkon shekarun 1970, an soke adadi mai yawa na makarantun firamare don maye gurbin makarantun sakandare 9-14, kuma yayin da wasu daga cikinsu ke buɗe a yau, yawancinsu an soke su don komawa makarantun sakandare na gargajiya na 7-11. A wasu gundumomi na Landan, JMI "makarantar yara ta gauraye" ce wadda ke kula da yara 'yan shekara 4 zuwa 11. Wasu an sake musu suna zuwa "makarantar firamare". == Duba kuma == * Ilimi a Burtaniya * Ilimi a Ostiraliya * Ilimin firamare * Makarantar jarirai * [[Makarantar Firamare]] * Makarantar sakandare * Ilimi mai matakai uku == Manazarta == 9a2tcp3mud06i81vot0b6ffbssichj2 0 160794 878656 876234 2026-07-07T19:39:57Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878656 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Liceo classico''''' ko '''''ginnasio''''' ( lit. ' ) ita ce mafi tsufa a cikin makarantun sakandare na gwamnati a Italiya . Manhajar karatunta ta ɗauki tsawon shekaru biyar, lokacin da ɗalibai gabaɗaya ke tsakanin shekaru 14 zuwa 19. Har zuwa shekarar 1969, wannan ita ce makarantar sakandare daya tilo da mutum zai iya zuwa kowace irin darussa a jami'ar Italiya (gami da ilimin dan Adam da kuma fannin shari'a ), don haka ita ce makarantar da aka koyar da manyan 'yan Italiya. An san ta da makarantar kimiyya da zamantakewa da kuma [[Humanism|ilimin dan Adam]], daya daga cikin makarantun sakandare kalilan na Turai inda ake bukatar nazarin harsunan da suka gabata ( [[Harshen Latin|Latin]] da Girkanci na da ) da adabinsu. Yawancin mutanen da suka samu mafi girman matsayi na shugabanci a gwamnatin Italiya, kimiyya, diflomasiyya da kasuwanci sun halarci Liceo Classico. <ref>{{Cite web |year=2023 |title=What is Liceo Classico? |url=https://www.ancient-greek.com/what-is-liceo-classico.html#:~:text=For%20this%20very%20reason%20many,%2C%20Mario%20Monti%2C%20Silvio%20Berlusconi%2C |access-date=7 October 2023 |website=Ancient Greek Reference |language=it}}</ref> An fara makarantun ''Liceo classico'' a shekarar 1859, tare da aiwatar da gyaran Gabrio Casati . Gyaran Al'ummai ya aiwatar da abin da ake kira ''ginnasio'', makarantar shekaru biyar da ta ƙunshi makarantar sakandare (ga ɗalibai daga 11 zuwa 16), tare da jarabawar ƙarshe a ƙarshen shekara ta biyu ta makarantar sakandare. Jarabawar an rubuta ta kuma an yi ta da baki, kuma dole ne a shigar da ita cikin shekaru uku na ƙarshe na ''liceo'' . A halin yanzu liceo classico yayi kama da kowace liceo a Italiya, makarantar sakandare tana farawa da 14 bayan makarantar sakandare, ba tare da wani ƙarin jarrabawa ba. Tun daga shekarun 1960, dukkan shugabannin [[Cocin katolika|cocin Katolika]] da bishop-bishop sun yi karatu a makarantun taruka, kuma tun daga shekarun 1990, batutuwan da ake koyarwa a cikin waɗannan makarantun sun kasance iri ɗaya da ''Liceo Classico'' ( falsafar ka'ida, nahawu da adabin Latin da na Girka na dā, Turanci), tare da wasu da yawa: ɗabi'a, [[Ilimin halin dan Adam|ilimin halayyar ɗan adam]], koyarwa, zamantakewa, [[Ibrananci|harshen Ibrananci]], sukar Littafi Mai Tsarki, Koine Greek ( lokacin Hellenistic da [[Kalmar Septuagint|Septuagint]] Bible), tauhidin pastoral, ɗabi'ar Kirista da tauhidin tsari, [[ilimin ɗan adam]] da ilimin eschatology, tauhidin sacramentarian, tauhidin Christology da Trinitarian, Mariology, patristics, ecclesiology, tarihin Kiristanci, tarihin addinai, dokar canon, da kuma ibada . == Tarihi == === ''Liceo ginnasio'' === Nau'in makarantar ''liceo classico'' ya samo asali ne daga abin da ake kira ''liceo ginnasio'', wanda aka kafa a shekarar 1859 tare da [[Casati law|dokar Casati]], <ref>{{Cite web |year=1859 |title=Legge 13 novembre 1859, n. 3725 (Casati) |trans-title=Law 13 November 1859, N. 3725 (Casati) |url=http://www.edscuola.it/archivio/norme/leggi/casati.html |access-date=7 March 2019 |website=Eduscuola.it |language=it}}</ref> a matsayin makaranta bayan makarantar firamare (na tilas), da farko tana aiki a Masarautar Sardinia sannan ta faɗaɗa zuwa Italiya gaba ɗaya bayan Haɗin Kan Italiya . Duk da haka, makarantun sakandare sun riga sun wanzu, bayan an kafa su a zamanin Napoleon, don tabbatar da ingantaccen ilimi ga cibiyoyin ilimi na duniya. Dangane da tsarin al'adar malaman jami'ar ɗan adam kafin haɗewa, dokar Casati ta tanadar da adireshin lyceum guda ɗaya wanda batutuwa na adabi da na ɗan adam suka fi yawa. Tsarin karatun na asali ya hango wani kwas na shekaru takwas (babu makarantar sakandare a lokacin), wanda aka raba zuwa shekaru biyar na ''ginnasio'' da kuma shekaru uku na ''liceo'' ("lyceum"): nazarin Latin ya fara ne a aji na farko na motsa jiki, na Girkanci (Tsohon) a aji na uku. Makarantar sakandare ''ta Liceo Ginnasio'' ta kasance makarantar sakandare ta shekaru takwas, tunda ta haɗa da makarantar sakandare. Ana shiga ta bayan makarantar firamare (da farko makarantar shekaru huɗu ce) kuma tana ba da damar shiga kwasa-kwasan digiri na jami'a na kowane iri; ''Liceo Ginnasio'' ita ce kawai kwas ɗin sakandare na nau'in lyceum, wanda ba a yi niyya ga horar da ƙwararru da fasaha ba, amma don ci gaba da karatu a jami'ar. Tsarin nazarin yana da alaƙa kai tsaye da al'adar makaranta ta [[Rashin Amfani|trivium]] kuma saboda haka ilimin ɗan adam ya zama ruwan dare gama gari har a farkon shekarun motsa jiki, ɗaliban Italiyanci da Latin kaɗai sun ɗauki kashi uku cikin huɗu na jimillar sa'o'in darussa. Duk da haka, ya kamata a yi la'akari da cewa a lokacin, makarantar firamare (na shekaru huɗu da na birni) ta bambanta da ta zamani kuma a zahiri, makarantar farko ta gaskiya ta faru ne a ɗakin motsa jiki. Tsarin motsa jiki da lyceum da dokar Casati ta tsara bai canza ba har zuwa 1923, koda kuwa an sabunta jadawalin da jadawalin sau da yawa (a cikin 1867, 1884, 1888, 1892). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Homepage |url=http://www.annaliistruzione.it/var/ezflow_site/storage/original/application/163205f259c2f8bd2131f0412ff572be.pdf }}{{Dead link|date=July 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Tsarin jadawalin 1892 ya gabatar da nazarin Faransanci daga shekara ta uku ta dakin motsa jiki zuwa ta biyar, wanda ya cike rashin harshen waje. A farkon ƙarni na 20, bayan da aka fara samun matsalar rashin kyawun koyarwar lissafi/kimiyya, an ba wa ɗaliban lyceum damar kunna sassan gwaji waɗanda, maimakon Girkanci na dā, za a iya koyar da lissafi ko yaren zamani. A shekarar 1911, an kafa ''liceo moderno'' da ''liceo scientifico'' na farko, waɗanda suka shiga cikin kwas ɗin gargajiya; don bambanta shi da na ƙarshe, an fara kiran gymnasium-lyceum na gargajiya a matsayin " ''liceo classico'' " ("classical lyceum"), koda kuwa, a hukumance, sunan ya ci gaba da kasancewa " ''ginnasio liceo'' " ("gymnasium-lyceum"). An soke ''liceo moderno'' a shekarar 1923 tare da Gyaran Al'ummai, wanda a lokaci guda ya kafa sabon ''liceo scientifico'' (a madadin wanda ya gabata). === Gyaran Al'ummai === Gyaran Al'umma na 1923 ya ci gaba da kiyaye tsarin ginin motsa jiki/lyceum gabaɗaya, yana mai jaddada ɓangaren ɗan adam-classicist. <ref>{{Cite web |year=1923 |editor-last=university of Turin |title=Riforma Gentile, 1923. Materie e orari di insegnamento del Ginnasio-Liceo, in ''Orari e programmi per le regie scuole medie'' |trans-title=Gentile reform, 1923. Subjects and teaching hours of the Gymnasium-Lyceum, in ''Schedules and programs for the royal middle schools'' |url=http://www.subalpinamathesis.unito.it/storiains/it/tab4.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722063905/http://www.subalpinamathesis.unito.it/storiains/it/tab4.pdf |archive-date=22 July 2011 |website=unito.it |language=it}}</ref> Wannan ya yi daidai da ƙa'idodin [[Idealism|falsafar neo-idealist]], wanda Gentile yake tare da Benedetto Croce, ɗaya daga cikin manyan mabiya. A zahiri, masana falsafar neoidealist sun ɗauki batutuwa na adabi, tarihi da kuma waɗanda ke juyawa baya a matsayin waɗanda kawai za su iya samar da ilimi na gaske, musamman falsafa, kasancewar a cikin kanta wani nau'i ne na zahiri, mai sauƙi kuma na asali na kimiyyar da ba ta da tushe, kuma saboda wannan dalili ba makawa ne don fahimtar su. A ra'ayin Al'ummai, makarantun firamare dole ne su yi daidai da ''liceo classico'', wanda aka yi niyya don ilimin manyan ɗaliban Italiya na gaba: waɗanda suka kammala karatun ''liceo'' ''classico'' ne kawai aka ba su izinin shiga kowace kwas ta digiri ta jami'a, yayin da misali waɗanda suka fito daga ''liceo scientifico'' ba za su iya shiga ba a fannin ilimin ɗan adam, ko kuma a fannin karatun digiri [[Doka|na shari'a]] . Wannan cikas na ƙarshe ya kasance mai tsanani musamman, domin doka ta kasance kwas ta digiri mafi mahimmanci ga manyan ɗaliban Italiya. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] r9ejklb5k2e02zfjem2j1xtrvzyrdtj 0 160875 878658 877195 2026-07-07T19:45:55Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878658 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Paul_Fürst,_Der_Doctor_Schnabel_von_Rom_(Holländer_version).png|thumb|Zane-zanen jan ƙarfe na likitan annoba na [[Rum|Roma]] na ƙarni na 17, na Paulus Fürst, 1656. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mattie |first=Herbert J. |date=2025 |title=The Raven and the Plague |url=https://doi.org/10.1163/18253911-bja10152 |journal=Nuncius |pages=1–24 |doi=10.1163/18253911-bja10152 |url-access=subscription}}</ref>]] '''Likitan annoba''' likita ne wanda ke kula da waɗanda suka kamu da [[Cutar Bubonic|cutar bulbonic]] a lokacin annoba a Turai ta ƙarni na 17. {{Sfn|Cipolla|1977}} Waɗannan likitocin biranen da abin ya shafa sun ɗauki hayar su don kula da marasa lafiya da suka kamu da cutar ba tare da la'akari da kuɗin shiga ba, musamman talakawa, waɗanda ba za su iya biyan kuɗi ba. {{Sfn|Cipolla|1977}} <ref>{{Cite web |last=Andrew Whalen |date=2020-03-19 |title=Are surgical masks the new plague masks? A history of the not-always-helpful ways we've reacted to pandemics |url=https://www.newsweek.com/surgical-masks-plague-coronavirus-covid-19-pandemic-epidemic-black-death-history-1493277 |access-date=2021-03-09 |website=[[Newsweek]]}}</ref> Likitocin da ke fama da cutar ebola suna da suna iri ɗaya, inda wasu 'yan ƙasa ke ganin kasancewarsu a matsayin gargaɗi na barin yankin ko kuma mutuwa ta kusa. [1] Wasu likitocin da ke fama da cutar ebola ana cewa suna cajin marasa lafiya da iyalansu ƙarin kuɗi don magani na musamman ko maganin ƙarya. [1] A lokuta da yawa, waɗannan likitocin ba likitoci ne masu ƙwarewa ko ƙwararru ba; maimakon haka, likitoci ne masu sa kai, likitoci masu matsayi na biyu, ko kuma matasa likitoci waɗanda suka fara aiki. [2] Likitocin da ke fama da cutar ebola ba sa yawan warkar da marasa lafiya, maimakon haka suna yin aiki don rubuta adadin waɗanda suka mutu da kuma adadin waɗanda suka kamu da cutar don dalilai na alƙaluma. [1] A Faransa da Netherlands, likitocin annoba galibi ba su da horon likitanci kuma ana kiransu da " empirics ". Likitocin annoba ana kiransu da "likitocin annoba na birni" ko "likitocin annoba na al'umma", yayin da "masu aikin gabaɗaya" likitoci ne daban-daban kuma duka biyun suna iya kasancewa a birni ɗaya ko gari ɗaya a lokaci guda. {{Sfn|Cipolla|1977}} {{Sfn|Ellis|2004}} {{Sfn|Byrne|2006}} <ref>Simon, Matthew, ''Emergent Computation: emphasizing bioinformatics'', Publisher シュプリンガー・ジャパン株式会社, 2005, p. 3. {{ISBN|0-387-22046-1}}</ref> == Tarihi == A cewar littafin Michel Tibayrunc mai ''suna Encyclopedia of Infectious Diseases'', an fara ambaton likitan annoba mai suna Charles de Lorme a lokacin barkewar annoba a birnin Paris a shekarar 1619, a cikin tarihin rayuwar likitan sarauta Charles de Lorme, wanda ya yi wa Sarki Louis XIII na Faransa hidima a lokacin. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mattie |first=Herbert J. |date=2023 |title="Men in Tights: Charles De Lorme (1584–1678) and the First Plague Costume" |url=https://doi.org/10.1163/26667711-bja10033 |journal=European Journal for the History of Medicine and Health (Published Online Ahead of Print 2023) |language=en |volume=81 |pages=1–13 |doi=10.1163/26667711-bja10033 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Bayan De Lorme, mai sassaka Jamus Gerhart Altzenbach ya buga wani shahararren zane a shekarar 1656, wanda shahararren Likitan mawallafin Paulus Fürst mai suna {{Lang|de|Doctor Schnabel von Rom}} ya wallafa. (1656) an gina shi ne a kan wannan aikin barkwanci, Fürst ya bayyana yadda likitan yake tsoratar da mutane da kuma zambatar matattu da kuma mutuwa. <ref name="winston_2020">{{Cite web |last=Black |first=Winston |date=19 May 2020 |title=Plague doctors: Separating medical myths from facts |url=https://www.livescience.com/plague-doctors.html |access-date=30 June 2026 |publisher=Live Science |quote=An even more iconic image of a plague doctor is Paulus Fürst’s satirical 1656 engraving called "Doctor Schnabel von Rom," or "Doctor Beaky from Rome." Copied from Altzenbach's illustration, Fürst alternately describes how the doctor does nothing but terrify people and take money from the dead and dying.}}</ref> Birnin Orvieto ya ɗauki Matteo Angelo a matsayin likitan annoba a shekara ta 1348, wanda ya ninka adadin likitocin da aka saba bayarwa na florin 50 a shekara sau huɗu. {{Sfn|Byrne|2006}} Paparoma Clement VI ya ɗauki ƙarin likitocin annoba da yawa a lokacin annobar [[Black Death]] don kula da marasa lafiya na [[Avignon]] . Daga cikin likitoci 18 a [[Venezia|Venice]], ɗaya ne kawai ya rage a shekara ta 1348: biyar sun mutu sakamakon annobar, kuma 12 sun ɓace kuma wataƙila sun gudu. {{Sfn|Byrne|2006}} == Hanyoyi da ayyuka == Likitocin annoba sun yi aikin zubar jini da sauran magunguna kamar sanya kwaɗi ko tsutsotsi a kan buboes don "sake daidaita barkwanci ." {{Sfn|Byfield|2010}} Babban aikin likitan annoba, ban da kula da mutanen da ke fama da annobar, shine tattara bayanan jama'a na mutuwar annoba. {{Sfn|Byrne|2006}} A wasu biranen Turai kamar Florence da [[Perugia]], an nemi likitocin annoba su yi gwajin gawarwaki don taimakawa wajen tantance musabbabin mutuwar da kuma yadda annobar ta shafi mutane. {{Sfn|Wray|2009}} Likitocin annoba wani lokacin suna ɗaukar wasiyya ta ƙarshe ta marasa lafiya a lokacin annobar annoba, {{Sfn|Wray|2009}} kuma suna ba wa marasa lafiya shawara game da halayensu kafin mutuwa. <ref name="jhmasextract276">{{Cite web |date=2012-04-02 |title=The Plague Doctor |url=http://jhmas.oxfordjournals.org/content/XX/3/276.extract |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130212013047/http://jhmas.oxfordjournals.org/content/XX/3/276.extract |archive-date=2013-02-12 |access-date=2012-06-12 |publisher=Jhmas.oxfordjournals.org}}</ref> Wannan shawara ta bambanta ga kowane majiyyaci, kuma bayan [[Zamanin Tsakiya|Tsakiyar Zamani]], yanayin dangantakar da ke tsakanin likita da majiyyaci yana ƙarƙashin ƙa'idar ɗabi'a mai rikitarwa. {{Sfn|Gottfried|1983}} {{Sfn|Gottfried|1983}} == Tufafi == <templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles> [[Fayil:17._Jht._Pesthaube_anagoria.JPG|thumb|Ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan rufe fuska guda biyu da aka sani da suka tsira daga annobar; wanda aka tsara tsakanin 1650 da 1750; wanda Gidan Tarihi na Jamus, Berlin ke riƙe da shi <ref name=":9">{{Cite web |last=Bresky |first=Stephan |last2=Witt |first2=Sabine |date=2020 |title=Suddenly On Point? 'Dr. Beak' at the DHM |url=https://www.dhm.de/blog/2020/04/30/suddenly-on-point-dr-beak-at-the-dhm/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250318005826/https://www.dhm.de/blog/2020/04/30/suddenly-on-point-dr-beak-at-the-dhm/ |archive-date=March 18, 2025 |access-date=June 30, 2026 |website=Deutsches Historisches Museum Blog |quote=Acquired on the art market in 2006, the object has only yielded very vague information about where it was created (Germany or Austria?) and when (mid-17th to mid-18th century?). There’s no doubt it’s rare, though: there’s only one other known example, located at the Deutsches Medizinhistorisches Museum in Ingolstadt. ~. [T]he mask is made of ochre-coloured velvet with a waxed linen lining and two ‘eyes’ made of selenite crystal (historically known in German as Marienglas, or ‘Mary’s glass’). The material around these spectacle-like lenses is bordered with leather. However, the most striking feature is the long beak-shaped nose crafted from hard leather. A number of holes have been punched into the underside of the beak, which contains a meshwork of strips of leather. The object shows clear signs of use: the leather and fabric are worn, hardened, and show signs of discolouration – possibly because herbal and vinegar essences were put inside the beak in an effort to ward off ‘miasma’ (the foul air believed to spread diseases).}}</ref>]] Zane-zanen kayan kwalliya na likitan annoba na gargajiya na abin rufe fuska mai kama da baki, rigar kariya mai kakin zuma mai tsawon idon sawu, safar hannu, takalma, hula mai faɗi, hular lilin, da hular kariya sun samo asali ne tun farkon zamanin zamani. Duk da cewa waɗannan zane-zanen sun fito ne daga rubuce-rubucen barkwanci, zane-zanen siyasa, da haruffan wasan kwaikwayo; wataƙila sun dogara ne akan gaskiyar tarihi. <ref name="winston_2020"/> <ref name=":7">{{Cite journal |last=Mussap |first=Christian J. |date=2019 |title=The Plague Doctor of Venice |journal=Internal Medicine Journal |volume=49 |issue=5 |pages=671–676 |doi=10.1111/imj.14285 |issn=1444-0903 |pmid=31083805}}</ref> {{Sfn|Pommerville|2010}} 24] {{Sfn|Bauer|2003}} {{Sfn|Byfield|2010}} Asalin kayan kariya na annoba ba a san su ba amma an gano su ne a ƙarni na 17 a Italiya da Faransa. <ref name=":6">{{Cite journal |last=Ruisinger |first=Marion Maria |date=June 2020 |title=Die Pestarztmaske im Deutschen Medizinhistorischen Museum Ingolstadt |journal=NTM Zeitschrift für Geschichte der Wissenschaften, Technik und Medizin |language=de |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=235–252 |doi=10.1007/s00048-020-00255-7 |issn=0036-6978 |pmc=8156585 |pmid=32451562}}</ref> Likitocin annoba na iya sanya abin rufe fuska na wani nau'i tun aƙalla 1373, lokacin da Johannes Jacobi ya ba da shawarar amfani da abin rufe fuska, amma Jacobi bai ba da bayanin abin rufe fuska na zahiri ba. Babu wata shaida da ta haɗa hoton rigar kariya na farko na likitan annoba da likitocin annoba na zamanin da. <ref name="cohn" /> <ref name="winston_2020" /> Akwai abubuwa guda biyu kacal da aka sani na abin rufe fuska na annoba, duka an samo su ne tun ƙarni na 17 kuma duka an same su a Jamus. Duk da barkewar cutar a wasu yankuna kamar Italiya, babu wata shaida ta tarihi ta annoba a tsakiyar Turai da ta yi daidai da waɗannan abin rufe fuska. <ref name=":9">{{Cite web |last=Bresky |first=Stephan |last2=Witt |first2=Sabine |date=2020 |title=Suddenly On Point? 'Dr. Beak' at the DHM |url=https://www.dhm.de/blog/2020/04/30/suddenly-on-point-dr-beak-at-the-dhm/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250318005826/https://www.dhm.de/blog/2020/04/30/suddenly-on-point-dr-beak-at-the-dhm/ |archive-date=March 18, 2025 |access-date=June 30, 2026 |website=Deutsches Historisches Museum Blog |quote=Acquired on the art market in 2006, the object has only yielded very vague information about where it was created (Germany or Austria?) and when (mid-17th to mid-18th century?). There’s no doubt it’s rare, though: there’s only one other known example, located at the Deutsches Medizinhistorisches Museum in Ingolstadt. ~. [T]he mask is made of ochre-coloured velvet with a waxed linen lining and two ‘eyes’ made of selenite crystal (historically known in German as Marienglas, or ‘Mary’s glass’). The material around these spectacle-like lenses is bordered with leather. However, the most striking feature is the long beak-shaped nose crafted from hard leather. A number of holes have been punched into the underside of the beak, which contains a meshwork of strips of leather. The object shows clear signs of use: the leather and fabric are worn, hardened, and show signs of discolouration – possibly because herbal and vinegar essences were put inside the beak in an effort to ward off ‘miasma’ (the foul air believed to spread diseases).}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFBreskyWitt2020">Bresky, Stephan; Witt, Sabine (2020). [https://web.archive.org/web/20250318005826/https://www.dhm.de/blog/2020/04/30/suddenly-on-point-dr-beak-at-the-dhm/ "Suddenly On Point? 'Dr. Beak' at the DHM"]. ''Deutsches Historisches Museum Blog''. Archived from [https://www.dhm.de/blog/2020/04/30/suddenly-on-point-dr-beak-at-the-dhm/ the original] on March 18, 2025<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 30,</span> 2026</span>. <q>Acquired on the art market in 2006, the object has only yielded very vague information about where it was created (Germany or Austria?) and when (mid-17th to mid-18th century?). There's no doubt it's rare, though: there's only one other known example, located at the Deutsches Medizinhistorisches Museum in Ingolstadt. ~. [T]he mask is made of ochre-coloured velvet with a waxed linen lining and two 'eyes' made of selenite crystal (historically known in German as Marienglas, or 'Mary's glass'). The material around these spectacle-like lenses is bordered with leather. However, the most striking feature is the long beak-shaped nose crafted from hard leather. A number of holes have been punched into the underside of the beak, which contains a meshwork of strips of leather. The object shows clear signs of use: the leather and fabric are worn, hardened, and show signs of discolouration – possibly because herbal and vinegar essences were put inside the beak in an effort to ward off 'miasma' (the foul air believed to spread diseases).</q></cite></ref> Abin rufe fuska an yi shi ne da gilashi ko lu'ulu'u a kan idanu da kuma "bakin fata mai lanƙwasa". <ref name=":6"/> Abin lura ne cewa ramukan da aka rufe da gilashi suna da yawa don samar da hangen nesa mai aiki. <ref name=":6" /> Wani abin rufe fuska yana da ƙananan ramuka biyu na hanci kuma ana iya amfani da shi azaman nau'in numfashi wanda ke ɗauke da tsire-tsire ko abubuwa masu ƙamshi. <ref name=":6" /> Bayanin farko da aka rubuta game da abin rufe fuska mai cike da ganye ya faru ne a lokacin annobar Roma ta 1656-1658 . <ref name=":6"/> Bakin zai iya ɗaukar busassun furanni (kamar wardi da carnations ), ganye (kamar lavender da peppermint ), camphor, jan ƙarfe, ko soso [[Ruwan Kal|mai vinegar]], da kuma juniper berry, ambergris, [[Kaninfari|cloves]], labdanum, mur, da storax . <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2025)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Abin rufe fuska mai ɗauke da ganye zai ba likita damar amfani da hannu biyu wajen duba majiyyaci. <ref name=":6" /> Manufar abubuwan da ke cikin abin rufe fuska shine don kare mai sawa daga miasma, wani nau'in "mummunan iska" wanda ake tsammanin yana nuna warin mara kyau, kamar ƙamshin marasa lafiya ko gawarwakin da suka ruɓe. <ref name=":5">{{Cite journal |last=Glatter |first=Kathryn A. |last2=Finkelman |first2=Paul |date=February 2021 |title=History of the Plague: An Ancient Pandemic for the Age of COVID-19 |journal=The American Journal of Medicine |language=en |volume=134 |issue=2 |pages=176–181 |doi=10.1016/j.amjmed.2020.08.019 |pmc=7513766 |pmid=32979306}}</ref> <ref name="Loudon">{{Cite book|last=Irvine Loudon}}</ref> Hulba mai faɗi ta fata ta taimaka wajen nuna aikin likita na annoba. Sun yi amfani da sandunan katako don nuna wuraren da ke buƙatar kulawa da kuma duba marasa lafiya ba tare da taɓa su ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Imagery From the History of Medicine |url=http://art-bin.com/art/medhistorypix/omedicalimages19.html |access-date=2021-03-09 |website=art-bin.com}}</ref> An kuma yi amfani da sandunan don nisantar da mutane. An yi doguwar rigar likita da lilin saboda an ce kamuwa da cuta ba ta manne da lilin cikin sauƙi kamar sauran kayan aiki. <ref name=":6" /> Wani lokaci ana yin rigar ne da fatar akuya, wanda aka ce ta fi ƙarfi wajen yaƙar annobar fiye da lilin saboda ƙananan ramuka da kuma laushin da aka goge. Ana iya rufe rigar da mai ko kakin zuma don ƙarin kariya ta yadda miasma ba za ta iya ratsa ramukan kayan lilin ba. Duk da cewa ra'ayoyin zamani game da yanayin yaduwar annoba ba daidai ba ne, akwai yiwuwar wannan rigar ta samar da kariya. Tufafin sun rufe fuska da jiki, suna kare kansu daga digo-digo na iska, jini da ya bazu, da ruwan lymphatic. Rigar, wacce aka yi da fata ko kuma ta yi kakin zuma, ta hana ƙuma su manne wa tufafin masu sawa su mamaye su. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Smith |first=Kiona |title=A Look Behind the Plague Doctor Mask |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/kionasmith/2021/02/28/a-look-behind-the-plague-doctor-mask/?sh=a1379a335678 |access-date=15 February 2023 |website=Forbes}}</ref> <ref name=":6"/> Rigar likitan annoba tana ɗaya daga cikin misalan farko na kayan kariya na mutum a fannin likitanci. <ref name=":5"/> == Manazarta == * Nostradamus. ''Annabce-annabcen Nostradamus'', wanda aka buga da kansa a 1555 da 1558; wanda [https://books.google.com/books?id=XQdY0lGFJX0C&q=Nostradamus+Black+Death Forgotten Books suka buga a 1973], * Nostradamus. {{Lang|fr|[https://web.archive.org/web/20120317155633/http://www.propheties.it/bibliotheque/1539-1567/1555-003%20Nostradamus%2C%20Excellent%20%26%20moult%20utile/index.html Traité des fardemens et confitures]}}, wanda aka buga da kansa 1555 * {{Cite book|last3=Susan Wise Bauer}} * {{Cite book|last3=Ted Byfield}} *   *   * {{Cite book|last3=Carlo M. Cipolla}} ([https://plaguedoctormasks.com/a-plague-doctor-by-carlo-m-cipolla-excerpt-from-the-book-the-medieval-city-1977/ Chapter 4]) *   *   * {{Cite book|last3=Terence O'Donnell}} *   *   *   1td1gatcrb819a8x2szja8yx42ml5dx 0 160907 878700 877589 2026-07-07T21:31:09Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878700 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Kakar wasa '''ta 2020–21''' ita ce kakar wasa ta 96 '''da FC Emmen''' ta kafa kuma kakar wasa ta uku a jere da kulob din ya shiga a manyan gasannin kwallon kafa na Holland . Baya ga gasar cin kofin cikin gida, FC Emmen ta shiga gasar cin kofin KNVB ta wannan kakar. Kakar wasa ta kunshi daga 1 ga Yuli 2020 zuwa 30 ga Yuni 2021. == Yan kwallo == === Tawagar ƙungiya ta farko ===   == Wasannin kafin kakar wasa da kuma wasannin sada zumunci == {{Legend inline|#CCFFCC|Win|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} {{Legend inline|#FFFFCC|Draw|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} {{Legend inline|#FFCCCC|Loss|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}{{Football box collapsible}}{{Football box collapsible}}{{Football box collapsible}}{{Football box collapsible}}{{Football box collapsible}}{{Football box collapsible}}{{Football box collapsible}} == Gasassun gasa == === Bayani === {{Fb overview2|c=3|c1=[[2020–21 Eredivisie|Eredivisie]]|fm1=13 September 2020|lm1=16 May 2021|sr1=Matchday 1|fp1=16th|w1=7|d1=9|l1=18|f1=40|a1=68|c2=[[2020–21 Eredivisie#Promotion/relegation play-offs|Eredivisie Play-offs]]|dm2=20 May 2021|sr2=Semi-finals|fp2=Semi-finals|w2=0|d2=1|l2=0|f2=1|a2=1|c3=[[2020–21 KNVB Cup|KNVB Cup]]|fm3=28 October 2020|lm3=20 January 2021|sr3=First round|fp3=Round of 16|w3=2|d3=0|l3=1|f3=5|a3=3|s=[https://int.soccerway.com/teams/netherlands/fc-emmen/1539/ Soccerway]}} === Eredivisie === <templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles>  ==== Teburin gasar ====  <div> <references group="lower-alpha" responsive="1"></references> </div> ==== Takaitaccen bayani game da sakamakon ==== {{Fb_rs|hw=4|hd=4|hl=9|hgf=26|hga=41|aw=3|ad=5|al=9|agf=14|aga=27}}{{Fb_rs footer|s=[https://eredivisie.nl/nl-nl/Stand Eredivisie]|date=July 2020}} ==== Sakamako ta zagaye ====  <div class="refbegin" style="">Tushe: [https://eredivisie.nl/nl-nl/Stand Eredivisie]<br /><br /><br /><br /> <span style="margin:0;white-space:nowrap"><span class="legend-text" style="border:1px solid #BBB;padding:1px .3em;background-color:;font-size:95%;line-height:1.25;text-align:center">A</span> = Away</span> ; <span style="margin:0;white-space:nowrap"><span class="legend-text" style="border:1px solid #BBB;padding:1px .3em;background-color:;font-size:95%;line-height:1.25;text-align:center">H</span> = Gida</span> ; <span style="margin:0;white-space:nowrap"><span class="legend-text" style="border:1px solid #BBB;padding:1px .3em;background-color:#CCF9CC;font-size:95%;line-height:1.25;text-align:center">W</span> = Nasara</span> ; <span style="margin:0;white-space:nowrap"><span class="legend-text" style="border:1px solid #BBB;padding:1px .3em;background-color:#FFFFCC;font-size:95%;line-height:1.25;text-align:center">D</span> = Zana</span> ; <span style="margin:0;white-space:nowrap"><span class="legend-text" style="border:1px solid #BBB;padding:1px .3em;background-color:#FFCCCC;font-size:95%;line-height:1.25;text-align:center">L</span> = Asara</span></div> ==== Wasanni ==== An sanar da jadawalin gasar a ranar 24 ga Yuli 2020. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 July 2020 |title=Programma Eredivisie 2020/21 definitief vastgesteld &#124; Eredivisie |url=https://eredivisie.nl/nl-nl/uitgelicht/programma-eredivisie-202021-definitief-vastgesteld |website=eredivisie.nl |access-date=6 July 2026 |archive-date=6 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806215322/https://eredivisie.nl/nl-nl/uitgelicht/programma-eredivisie-202021-definitief-vastgesteld |url-status=dead }}</ref>{{Football box collapsible}}{{Football box collapsible}}{{Football box collapsible}}{{Football box collapsible}}{{Football box collapsible}}{{Football box collapsible}}{{Football box collapsible}}{{Football box collapsible}}{{Football box collapsible}}{{Football box collapsible}}{{Football box collapsible}}{{Football box collapsible}}{{Football box collapsible}}{{Football box collapsible}}{{Football box collapsible}}{{Football box collapsible}}{{Football box collapsible}}{{Football box collapsible}}{{Football box collapsible}}{{Football box collapsible}}{{Football box collapsible}}{{Football box collapsible}}{{Football box collapsible}}{{Football box collapsible}}{{Football box collapsible}}{{Football box collapsible}}{{Football box collapsible}}{{Football box collapsible}}{{Football box collapsible}}{{Football box collapsible}}{{Football box collapsible}}{{Football box collapsible}} ==== Wasannin neman gurbin shiga gasar ci gaba/fita ==== {{Football box collapsible}} === Kofin KNVB === {{Football box collapsible}}{{Football box collapsible}}{{Football box collapsible}} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{Official website|https://fcemmen.nl/}} {{FC Emmen}}{{2020–21 in Dutch football}} o3mkmjzel4id334b4ahhowwqoo5su26 0 160920 878622 877684 2026-07-07T17:25:46Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 878622 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   '''Lauren Cornell''' 'yar Amurka ce mai kula da kayan tarihi kuma marubuciya da ke zaune a New York. Cornell ita ce Babban Mai Kula da Kayan Tarihi na Hessel na Fasaha <ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-04-27 |title=Lauren Cornell to Leave the New Museum for Bard College I artnet News |url=https://news.artnet.com/art-world/939386-939386 |access-date=2019-08-05 |website=artnet News |language=en-US}}</ref> kuma Daraktan Shirin Digiri na Biyu a Cibiyar Nazarin Kayan Tarihi, Kwalejin Bard . A da, ita ce mai kula da kayan tarihi a Sabon Gidan Tarihi kuma ita ce babbar darakta ta kamfanin Rhizome (2005-2012). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Battaglia |first=Andy |date=2017-04-27 |title=New Museum Curator Lauren Cornell Named Chief Curator of Hessel Museum, Director of CCS Bard's Graduate Program |url=http://www.artnews.com/2017/04/27/new-museum-curator-lauren-cornell-named-chief-curator-of-hessel-museum-director-of-ccs-bards-graduate-program/ |access-date=2019-08-05 |website=ARTnews |language=en-US}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Cornell kuma ya girma a birnin New York. A shekara ta 2005, ta zama babbar darakta ta Rhizome, wata kungiya da ke ba da umarni, nuna, da kuma kiyaye fasaha da ke da alaƙa da fasaha. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McGarry |first=Kevin |date=October 4, 2012 |title=Timely &#124; Avant Guardian |url=https://archive.nytimes.com/tmagazine.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/10/04/timely-avant-guardian/ |website=T Magazine}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=July 21, 2005 |title=Lauren Cornell, Executive Director, Rhizome.org |url=https://gothamist.com/arts-entertainment/lauren-cornell-executive-director-rhizomeorg |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150329004447/http://gothamist.com/2005/07/21/lauren_cornell_executive_director_rhizomeorg.php |archive-date=March 29, 2015 |website=Gothamist}}</ref> A shekara ta 2007, ta zama mai kula da sabbin gidajen tarihi inda ta shirya tare da shirya nune-nune da shirye-shiryen jama'a, ciki har da bikin farko na New Museum Triennial da ''Free'', wani baje koli na Sabon Gidan Tarihi a watan Oktoban 2010, da sauran nune-nune. A shekara ta 2010, Cornell ta haɗu da kafa taron Rhizome 's ''Seven on Seven'' tare da Fred Benenson, John Borthwick, da Peter Rojas . Taron ya haɗu da fannoni na fasaha da fasaha ta zamani ta hanyar haɗa masu ƙirƙira fasaha da masu zane-zane na gani da kuma ƙalubalantar su su haɓaka wani abu a cikin yini ɗaya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Free Forms: An #OpenCurating Interview with Lauren Cornell |url=http://walkerart.org/magazine/free-forms-opencurating-lauren-cornell |access-date=2019-08-07 |website=walkerart.org |language=en-US}}</ref> An yi wahayi zuwa ''ga Seven on Seven'' daga Experiments in Art and Technology (EAT), wani aiki da Billy Klüver da Robert Rauschenberg suka ƙaddamar a 1967, wanda ya shirya haɗin gwiwa tsakanin masu fasaha da injiniyoyi a Bell Labs . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Sneed |first=Gillian |date=2011-05-16 |title=Art for Troubleshooters: 7 on 7 at the New Museum |url=https://www.artinamericamagazine.com/news-features/news/7-on-7-rhizome-aol-new-museum/ |access-date=2019-08-07 |website=Art in America |language=en-US}}</ref> A shekarar 2016, Cornell da Ed Halter sun yi haɗin gwiwa wajen gyara littafin M ''ass Effect: Art and the Internet in the Twenty-First Century'' (2016). Ta sauka daga matsayinta a Rhizome a watan Yulin 2012 domin ta jagoranci bikin Triennial, ''Surround Audience'' na uku na Sabon Gidan Tarihi, a shekarar 2015, tare da mai zane Ryan Trecartin. <ref>{{Cite web |last=((Editor)) |first=((News)) |date=May 3, 2012 |title=Lauren Cornell and artist Ryan Trecartin will curate the New Museum's third Generational Triennial in 2015. |url=https://biennialfoundation.org/2012/05/lauren-cornell-and-artist-ryan-trecartin-will-curate-the-new-museum’s-third-generational-triennial-in-2015/ |website=Biennial Foundation}}</ref> A Cibiyar Nazarin Curatorial, tana kula da Shirin Digiri na biyu a Nazarin Curatorial kuma ta shirya nune-nunen Sky Hopinka, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sky Hopinka: Centers of Somewhere |url=https://ccs.bard.edu/museum/exhibitions/560-sky-hopinka-centers-of-somewhere}} CCS Bard. Retrieved 2024-06-21</ref> Martine Syms, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Martine Syms: Grio College |url=https://ccs.bard.edu/museum/exhibitions/696-martine-syms-grio-college}} CCS Bard. Retrieved 2024-06-21</ref> Nil Yalter <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nil Yalter: Exile Is a Hard Job |url=https://ccs.bard.edu/museum/exhibitions/529-nil-yalter-exile-is-a-hard-job}} CCS Bard. Retrieved 2024-06-21</ref> (tare da Museum Ludwig, Cologne), Dara Birnbaum (bayanta na farko a Amurka), <ref>{{Cite web |title=Dara Birnbaum: Reaction |url=https://ccs.bard.edu/museum/exhibitions/695-dara-birnbaum-reaction}}CCS Bard. Retrieved 2024-06-21</ref> Daniel Steegmann Mangrane, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Daniel Steegman Mangrane: A Transparent Leaf Instead Of The Mouth |url=https://ccs.bard.edu/museum/exhibitions/249-daniel-steegmann-mangrane-a-transparent-leaf-instead-of-the-mouth}}CCS Bard. Retrieved 2024-06-21</ref> Liliana Porter, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Liliana Porter: The Gardener and Other Situations |url=https://ccs.bard.edu/museum/exhibitions/728-liliana-porter-the-gardener-and-other-situations}}CCS Bard. Retrieved 2024-06-21</ref> Erika Verzutti, <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Erika Verzutti: New Moons |url=https://ccs.bard.edu/museum/exhibitions/718-erika-verzutti-new-moons}}CCS Bard. Retrieved 2024-06-21</ref> da Leidy Churchman . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Leidy Churchman: Crocodile |url=https://ccs.bard.edu/museum/exhibitions/528-leidy-churchman-crocodile}}CCS Bard. Retrieved 2024-06-21</ref> A shekarar 2019, ta yi fim mai suna Phantom Plane: Cyberpunk in the Year of the Future tare da Xue Tan, Dawn Chan, Jeppe Ugelvig da Tobias Berger a Tai Kwun Contemporary a Hong Kong. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Phantom Plane: Cyberpunk in the Year of the Future |url=https://www.taikwun.hk/en/programme/detail/phantom-plane-cyberpunk-in-the-year-of-the-future/467}} Retrieved 2024-06-21</ref> Ta bayar da gudummawa ga wallafe-wallafen da suka haɗa da ''Aperture,'' <ref name="auto">{{Cite web |date=24 November 2015 |title=Self-Portraiture in the First-Person Age |url=https://aperture.org/blog/self-portraiture-first-person-age/ |access-date=2019-08-07 |website=Aperture Foundation NY |language=en-US}}</ref> ''Art in America,'' <ref name="auto3">{{Cite web |last=Cornell |first=Lauren |date=2016-04-28 |title=In the Studio: Dara Birnbaum |url=https://www.artinamericamagazine.com/news-features/magazines/in-the-studio-dara-birnbaum/ |access-date=2019-08-07 |website=Art in America |language=en-US}}</ref> ''ArtReview,'' ''Frieze,'' <ref name="auto1">{{Cite journal |last=Cornell |first=Lauren |date=6 February 2019 |title=The Intensity and Integrity of Ian White |url=https://frieze.com/article/intensity-and-integrity-ian-white |journal=Frieze |language=en |issue=200 |access-date=2019-08-07}}</ref> <ref name="auto4">{{Cite journal |last=Cornell |first=Lauren |date=September 2011 |title=Down the Line |url=https://frieze.com/article/down-line |journal=Frieze |language=en |issue=141 |access-date=2019-08-07}}</ref> da ''Mousse,'' <ref name="auto2">{{Cite web |date=2013-02-01 |title=Techno-animism • |url=http://moussemagazine.it/lauren-cornell-techno-animism-2013/ |access-date=2019-08-07 |website=Mousse Magazine |language=it-IT}}</ref> <ref name="auto5">{{Cite web |date=2013-12-01 |title=Mass Effect • |url=http://moussemagazine.it/lauren-cornell-ed-halter-mass-effect-2013/ |access-date=2019-08-07 |website=Mousse Magazine |language=it-IT}}</ref> kuma ta rubuta a kan masu fasaha don kundin littattafai na monographic. A shekarar 2016, Artsy ta nada Cornell a matsayin daya daga cikin "Masu Kula da Matasa 20 Mafi Tasiri a Amurka." <ref>{{Cite web |last=Gotthardt |first=Alexxa |date=2016-10-25 |title=The 20 Most Influential Young Curators in the United States |url=https://www.artsy.net/article/artsy-editorial-the-20-most-influential-young-curators-in-the-united-states |access-date=2019-08-10 |website=Artsy |language=en}}</ref> A shekarar 2017, Cornell ta sami kyautar Sabon Shugabanci ta ArtTable. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Brown |first=Angela |date=2016-12-19 |title=ArtTable to Honor Lowery Stokes Sims and Lauren Cornell With Distinguished Service and New Leadership Awards |url=http://www.artnews.com/2016/12/19/arttable-honors-lowery-stokes-sims/ |access-date=2019-08-07 |website=ARTnews |language=en-US}}</ref> A shekarar 2017, an nada ta Apollo 40 a ƙarƙashin shekaru 40. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-09-07 |title=Lauren Cornell {{!}} Apollo 40 Under 40 Global {{!}} The Thinkers |url=https://www.apollo-magazine.com/lauren-cornell-apollo-40-under-40-global-the-thinkers/ |access-date=2019-08-07 |website=Apollo Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref> == Nunin Nunin == * ''Masana'antu Masu Heavy na Young-Hae Chang Baƙi a kan Fari, Toka Hawan Sama,'' Disamba 2007 - Maris 2008 (an haɗa su tare da Laura Hoptman) <ref>{{Cite web |title=New Museum Digital Archive |url=http://archive.newmuseum.org/index.php/Detail/Entity/Show/entity_id/3458 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121001190721/http://archive.newmuseum.org/index.php/Detail/Entity/Show/entity_id/3458 |archive-date=2012-10-01 |access-date=2014-03-18}}</ref> * Sabon Gidan Tarihi na Triennial: ''Ƙananan Sama da Yesu,'' Afrilu-Yuli 2009 (wanda aka haɗa tare da Massimiliano Gioni da Laura Hoptman <ref>{{Cite web |title=Exhibitions |url=https://archive.newmuseum.org/exhibitions/937 |access-date=2019-08-07 |website=New Museum Digital Archive |language=en}}</ref> * ''Kyauta,'' Oktoba 2010-Janairu 2011 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Exhibitions |url=https://archive.newmuseum.org/exhibitions/1092 |access-date=2019-08-07 |website=New Museum Digital Archive |language=en}}</ref> * ''Tafiya Mai Zafi,'' Janairu–Fabrairu 2013 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Walking Drifting Dragging |url=http://www.newmuseum.org/exhibitions/view/walking-drifting-dragging |access-date=2019-08-07 |website=www.newmuseum.org |language=en}}</ref> * Sabon Gidan Tarihi na Triennial: Masu Sauraron Kai Tsaye, Fabrairu-Mayu 2015 (an haɗa su tare da Ryan Trecartin ) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-04-26 |title=Ryan Trecartin and Lauren Cornell Will Curate 2015 New Museum Triennial |url=https://observer.com/2012/04/ryan-trecartin-and-lauren-cornell-will-curate-2015-new-museum-triennial/ |access-date=2019-08-07 |website=Observer |language=en}}</ref> * ''Waƙa, Dabaru, Alama: Beatriz Santiago Munoz'' (wanda aka haɗa tare da Johanna Burton da Sara O'Keeffe) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Beatriz Santiago Munoz: Song, Strategy, Sign |url=http://www.newmuseum.org/exhibitions/view/beatriz-santiago-munoz |access-date=2019-08-07 |website=www.newmuseum.org |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=July 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> * ''Masu Adawa da Ba a Gani'' a CCS Bard, Yuni-Satumba 2016 (an haɗa su tare da Tom Eccles) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Invisible Adversaries |url=https://ccs.bard.edu/museum/exhibitions/234-invisible-adversaries |access-date=2019-08-07 |website=CCS Bard |language=en}}</ref> * ''Daniel Steegmann Mangrané : Ganye Mai Bayyananne Maimakon Baki'' a CCS Bard <ref>{{Cite web |title=CCS Bard {{!}} Daniel Steegmann Mangrané: A Transparent Leaf instead of The Mouth |url=https://www.bard.edu/ccs/exhibitions/daniel-steegmann-mangrane-a-transparent-leaf-instead-of-the-mouth/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612024342/http://www.bard.edu/ccs/exhibitions/daniel-steegmann-mangrane-a-transparent-leaf-instead-of-the-mouth/ |archive-date=2018-06-12 |website=www.bard.edu}}</ref> * ''Nil Yalter: Ficewa aiki ne mai wahala'' a CCS Bard <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nil Yalter: Exile Is a Hard Job |url=https://ccs.bard.edu/museum/exhibitions/529-nil-yalter-exile-is-a-hard-job/ |website=CCS Bard}}</ref> * ''Leidy Churchman: Kada'' a CCS Bard <ref>{{Cite web |title=Leidy Churchman: Crocodile |url=https://ccs.bard.edu/museum/exhibitions/528-leidy-churchman-crocodile |website=CCS Bard}}</ref> * ''Sky Hopinka: Cibiyoyin Wani Lokaci'' a CCS Bard <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sky Hopinka Centers of Somewhere |url=https://ccs.bard.edu/museum/exhibitions/560-sky-hopinka-centers-of-somewhere}}</ref> * ''Dara Birnbaum: Martani'' a CCS Bard * ''Martine Syms: Kwalejin Grio'' a CCS Bard * Erika Verzutti: Sabbin Watanni a CCS Bard <ref name=":0"/> == Rubuce-rubucen da aka zaɓa == * ''Tsanani da Mutuncin Ian White,'' Frieze <ref name="auto1"/> * ''Mass Effect,'' Mujallar Mousse <ref name="auto5"/> * ''Hoton Kai a Zamanin Mutum na Farko,'' Buɗewa <ref name="auto"/> * ''A cikin Studio: Dara Birnbaum,'' Fasaha a Amurka <ref name="auto3"/> * ''Fasaha-animism,'' Mujallar Mousse <ref name="auto2"/> * ''Ƙasa da Layin'', Frieze <ref name="auto4"/> * ''Idan Nan Gaba Ya Kasance Yanzu: AK Burns,'' Mujallar Mousse <ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-10-01 |title=If the Future Were Now: A.K. Burns — Mousse Magazine and Publishing |url=https://www.moussemagazine.it/magazine/ak-burns-lauren-cornell-2015 |access-date=2022-09-21 |website=www.moussemagazine.it |language=en-US}}</ref> * ''A Intanet na Club'', Mujallar Mousse == Littattafai == * Cornell, Lauren, Massimiliano Gioni, da Laura Hoptman, editoci. ''Ƙarami Fiye da Yesu: Mai Karatu.'' New York: Sabon Gidan Tarihi / London: Steidl & Partners, 2009. * Cornell, Lauren, edita, ''Kyauta'' . Gidan Tarihi na New York/Sabuwar Gidaje, 2010. <ref>{{Cite web |title=New Museum - Digital Archive |url=http://archive.newmuseum.org/index.php/Detail/Occurrence/Show/occurrence_id/1712 |access-date=2016-05-18 |website=archive.newmuseum.org}}</ref> * Cornell, Lauren da Helga Christoffersen, editoci. ''2015 Triennial: Surround Audiences'' . New York: Sabon Gidan Tarihi / Rizzoli Skira, 2015. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Surround Audience: New Museum Triennial 2015 Written by Lauren Cornell and Ryan Trecartin - Rizzoli New York - Rizzoli New York |url=http://www.rizzoliusa.com/book.php?isbn=9780847845200 |access-date=2016-05-18 |website=www.rizzoliusa.com}}</ref> * Cornell, Lauren da Ed Halter, editoci. ''Tasirin Mass: Fasaha da Intanet a ƙarni na 21.'' New York: Gidan Tarihi na New / Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2015. * Cornell, Lauren da Eccles, Tom, editoci. ''Masu Hamayya da Ba a Gani ba'' . New York: Gidan Tarihi na Hessel, 2016. * Cornell, Lauren, Karen Kelly, da Barbara Schroeder, editoci, ''Leidy Churchman: Kada.'' New York: Gidan Tarihi na Hessel / CCS Bard, 2019. * Cornell, Lauren, Elizabeth Chodos, da Barbara Schroeder, editoci, ''Dara Birnbaum: Martani.'' New York: Gidan Tarihi na Hessel / CCS Bard, 2022. * Cornell, Lauren, Ruba Katrib, Bernardo Mosquiera, da Erika Verzutti, editoci. ''Erika Verzutti'' : ''Sabbin Watanni.'' New York: CCS Bard, Cibiyar Nazari kan Fasaha ta Latin Amurka (ISLAA) da Dancing Foxes Press, 2023 == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}}{{Authority control}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] nrfhl73y9t65jzzrx87tiuu9z2i0q6v 0 161014 878481 2026-07-07T12:00:19Z Amama24 45707 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1352086449|Zoran Dragić]]" 878481 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Euroleague player statistics legend}}{{NBA player statistics start}} |- | style="text-align:left;"| {{nbay|2014}} | style="text-align:left;"| [[2014–15 Phoenix Suns season|Phoenix]] | 6 || 0 || 2.2 || .250 || .000 || '''.667''' || '''.5''' || .2 || .0 || .0 || 1.0 |- | style="text-align:left;"| {{nbay|2014}} | style="text-align:left;"| [[2014–15 Miami Heat season|Miami]] | '''10''' || '''1''' || '''6.2''' || '''.409''' || '''.333''' || .500 || '''.5''' || '''.4''' || '''.2''' || .0 || '''2.2''' |- class="sortbottom" | style="text-align:center;" colspan=2| Career | 16 || 1 || 4.7 || .367 || .214 || .600 || .5 || .3 || .1 || .0 || 1.8 {{S-end}}{{Euroleague player statistics start}} |- | style="text-align:left;"| [[2012–13 Euroleague|2012–13]] | style="text-align:left;" rowspan=2| [[Baloncesto Málaga|Unicaja]] | 22 || 13 || 16.3 || .398 || .129 || .741 || '''3.0''' || .5 || .7|| .0 || 4.5 || 4.5 |- | style="text-align:left;"| [[2013–14 Euroleague|2013–14]] | 22 || '''19''' || 22.9 || .413 || .354 || .703 || 2.7 || 1.6 || .7 || .1 || '''10.9''' || '''10.0''' |- | style="text-align:left;"| [[2015–16 Euroleague|2015–16]] | style="text-align:left;"| [[BC Khimki|Khimki]] | 24 || 5 || 16.7 || '''.490''' || .338 || .662 || 2.5 || .8 || '''.8''' || .0 || 8.0 || 7.6 |- | style="text-align:left;"| [[2016–17 EuroLeague|2016–17]] | style="text-align:left;"| [[Pallacanestro Olimpia Milano|Milano]] | 23 || 14 || 19.2 || .445 || .296 || .727 || 2.2 || .7 || .7 || '''.2''' || 7.0 || 4.8 |- | style="text-align:left;"| [[2017–18 EuroLeague|2017–18]] | style="text-align:left;"| [[Anadolu Efes S.K.|Anadolu Efes]] | 14 || 10 || '''28.1''' || .429 || .304 || '''.853''' || 2.1 || '''2.7''' || '''.8''' || .1 || 10.6 || 9.6 |- | style="text-align:left;"| [[2019–20 Euroleague|2019–20]] | style="text-align:left;" rowspan=2| [[Saski Baskonia|Baskonia]] | 5 || 1 || 17.4 || .367 || '''.357''' || .706 || 2.0 || .4 || .6 || {{Sort|-|—}} || 7.8 || 6.0 |- | style="text-align:left;"| [[2020–21 EuroLeague|2020–21]] | '''33''' || 3 || 18.0 || .421 || .284 || .787 || 1.6 || .9 || .6 || {{Sort|-|—}} || 8.5 || 6.8 |- | style="text-align:left;"| [[2021–22 EuroLeague|2021–22]] | style="text-align:left;"| [[BC Žalgiris|Žalgiris]] | 9 || 5 || 13.2 || .293 || .250 || .700 || 1.2 || .6 || .4 || .1 || 3.9 || 2.1 |- class="sortbottom" | style="text-align:center;" colspan=2| Career | 152 || 70 || 19.1 || .425 || .300 || .737 || 2.2 || 1.0 || .7 || .1 || 7.9 || 6.7 {{S-end}} [[Fayil:Zoran_Dragić_30_-_Anadolu_Efes_S.K._20171130_(cropped).jpg|thumb|378x378px|Dragić tare da Anadolu Efes a cikin 2017]] '''Zoran Dragić''' (an haife shi a ranar 22 ga Yuni, 1989) ƙwararren ɗan wasan [[Kwallon kwando|ƙwallon kwando]] ne ɗan ƙasar Slovenia wanda ke bugawa ƙungiyar Split of the Croatian League da ABA League . Hakanan yana wakiltar ƙungiyar ƙwallon kwando ta ƙasar Slovenia a duk duniya. Yana da 1.96 m (6) ƙafa 5 a), yana taka rawar mai tsaron harbi da ƙananan matsayi na gaba . Shi ne ƙanin Goran Dragić . === Shekarun farko === A shekara ta 2004, Dragić ya koma Ilirija na gasar Slovenia 1B a kakar wasa ta 2004-05. Shekara guda bayan haka, ya koma Janče STZ na gasar Slovenia D2 a kakar wasa ta 2005-06. A shekara ta 2006, ya sanya hannu da Geoplin Slovan na gasar Slovenia inda ya buga wasanni hudu a gare su. A shekara ta 2010, ya sanya hannu da Krka inda ya buga wasanni biyu a gare su. === Málaga (2012–2014) === A watan Yulin 2012, Dragić ya shiga Houston Rockets don gasar NBA Summer League ta 2012. A ranar 20 ga Agusta, 2012, ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekaru biyu da Unicaja Málaga na Liga ACB . A ranar 8 ga Yuli, 2014, ya sanya hannu kan tsawaita kwangilar shekaru biyu da Unicaja Málaga. Duk da haka, bayan amincewa da sanya hannu da Phoenix Suns, Dragić da Málaga sun amince su rabu a ranar 26 ga Satumba, 2014. === Phoenix Suns (2014–2015) === A ranar 29 ga Satumba, 2014, Dragić ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekaru biyu da Phoenix Suns. Ya ci gaba da buga wasansa na farko a NBA a ranar 15 ga Nuwamba, 2014, a kan Los Angeles Clippers . Shi da Goran, tare da abokan wasansa Markieff da Marcus Morris, duk sun yi wasa tare na ɗan lokaci tare da Suns a lokacin kwata na huɗu na nasarar da suka samu a kan Philadelphia 76ers a ranar 2 ga Janairu, 2015. Wannan shi ne karo na farko a tarihin NBA da 'yan'uwa biyu daban-daban suka buga wasa tare da ƙungiya ɗaya a lokaci guda. A cikin abin da ya kasance wasansa na uku kawai na kakar wasa, ya kuma rubuta kididdigar NBA ta farko da maki 3, dawowa 1, da kuma taimako 1. === Miami Heat (2015) === A ranar 19 ga Fabrairu, 2015, an yi ciniki da Zoran da ɗan'uwansa Goran zuwa Miami Heat a yarjejeniyar ƙungiyoyi uku, wadda ta shafi New Orleans Pelicans . <ref>{{Cite web |date=February 19, 2015 |title=HEAT Acquire Goran Dragic and Zoran Dragic |url=http://www.nba.com/heat/news/heat-acquire-goran-dragic-and-zoran-dragic |access-date=February 19, 2015 |website=NBA.com}}</ref> A ranar 4 ga Maris, an tura shi zuwa Sioux Falls Skyforce na NBA Development League . A ranar 15 ga Maris, Miami ta sake kiransa. A wasan ƙarshe na kakar wasa ta Heat da Philadelphia 76ers a ranar 15 ga Afrilu, Dragić ya zira kwallaye 22 mafi yawa a kakar wasa. A watan Yulin 2015, ya shiga Heat don gasar NBA Summer League ta 2015. A ranar 27 ga Yuli, an yi ciniki da Dragić zuwa Boston Celtics, tare da zaɓen zagaye na biyu na 2020 da la'akari da kuɗi, a madadin zaɓen zagaye na biyu na 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=July 27, 2015 |title=Boston Celtics Complete Trade with Miami Heat |url=http://www.nba.com/celtics/news/pressrelease/boston-celtics-complete-trade-miami-heat |access-date=July 27, 2015 |website=NBA.com}}</ref> Duk da haka, a ranar 10 ga Agusta, Celtics ta yafe masa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 10, 2015 |title=Celtics Waive Zoran Dragic |url=http://www.nba.com/celtics/news/pressrelease/celtics-waive-zoran-dragic |access-date=August 10, 2015 |website=NBA.com}}</ref> === Komawa Turai === A ranar 13 ga Agusta, 2015, Dragić ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekaru biyu da kulob din Khimki na Rasha. Bayan kakar wasa daya ya bar Khimki, kuma a ranar 7 ga Yuli, 2016, ya sanya hannu da kulob din Olimpia Milano na Italiya. An sallame shi daga Milano a ranar 20 ga Nuwamba, 2017. Washegari, ya sanya hannu da kulob din Anadolu Efes na Turkiyya. Kakar wasansa ta ƙare da wuri a ranar 20 ga Fabrairu, 2018, lokacin da ya ji rauni a jijiyar gaba . Dragić ya ji rauni kuma ya warke daga raunin da ya ji kuma ya dawo a watan Janairun 2019. Ya sanya hannu da kulob din Serie A Alma Trieste a ranar 8 ga Janairu, 2019, har zuwa karshen kakar wasa ta 2018-2019. A ranar 6 ga Agusta, 2019, ya sanya hannu da ratiopharm Ulm na gasar Bundesliga ta Kwando ta Jamus (BBL). A ranar 30 ga Janairu, 2020, Dragić ya rattaba hannu a hukumance da kulob din Liga ACB Baskonia na sauran kakar wasa, <ref>{{Cite web |date=January 30, 2020 |title=Zoran Dragic, experiencia para el perímetro azulgrana |url=https://www.baskonia.com/zoran-dragic-experiencia-para-el-perimetro-azulgrana |access-date=January 31, 2020 |website=baskonia.com |language=ES}}</ref> inda ya koma gasar EuroLeague . Ya sanya hannu kan tsawaita kwantiragi da kungiyar a ranar 5 ga Agusta A ranar 30 ga Oktoba, 2021, Dragić ya sanya hannu da Žalgiris Kaunas na gasar ƙwallon kwando ta Lithuania, har zuwa sauran kakar wasa. Ya rabu da ƙungiyar a ranar 31 ga Disamba. A ranar 9 ga Janairu, 2022, Dragić ya sanya hannu da Cedevita Olimpija na Slovenian League da kuma ABA League . A ranar 6 ga Agusta, 2024, ya sanya hannu da Bilbao Basket na Spanish Liga ACB . <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 6, 2024 |title=Bilbao adds Dragic to their roster, ex Cedevita Ol |url=https://www.eurobasket.com/FIBA%20Europe%20Cup/news/885817/Bilbao-adds-Dragic-to-their-roster,-ex-Cedevita-Ol. |access-date=April 24, 2025 |website= |publisher=Eurobasket |language=En}}</ref> A ranar 20 ga Satumba, 2025, ya sanya hannu da Split of the Croatian League da ABA League . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Zule |first=Željko |date=September 20, 2025 |title=Split lands Zoran Dragić |url=https://www.eurobasket.com/Slovenia/news/957214/Split-lands-Zoran-Dragic |access-date=September 21, 2025 |publisher=[[Eurobasket.com]]}}</ref> == Aikin ƙungiyar ƙasa == Dragić ya fara bugawa ƙungiyar matasa ta ƙasar Slovenia wasa a gasar FIBA ta Turai ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 18 ta 2007. Ya kuma shiga gasar FIBA ta Turai ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 20 ta 2009, inda a lokacin ne zai zama na huɗu mafi kyawun ɗan wasa a gasar, a duk faɗin gasar. A shekarar 2011, Dragić ya shiga cikin manyan 'yan wasan Slovenia, tare da ɗan'uwansa, Goran, a lokacin gasar EuroBasket ta 2011. Bayan nasarar da ya samu a shekarar 2011, ya kuma buga wa Slovenia wasa a gasar EuroBasket ta 2013, kuma ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar ta kammala da matsayi mafi kyau a cikin jadawalin ƙarshe fiye da gasar da ta gabata. Ya ci gaba da bugawa Slovenia wasa a gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIBA ta 2014, inda wasansa ya zama babban abin da ya sa ya sanya hannu a ƙarshe tare da Phoenix Suns daga baya a wannan shekarar. == Ƙididdigar aiki == === NBA === ==== Lokacin yau da kullun ==== === Gasar EuroLeague === Mahaifinsa ɗan asalin ƙasar Serbia ne. Babban ɗan'uwan Dragić, Goran, kwanan nan ya buga wa Milwaukee Bucks wasa kuma yanzu ya yi ritaya. 'Yan'uwan biyu abokan wasa ne a Suns da Heat a lokacin kakar wasa ta 2014-15. A lokacin wata hira da Goran a shekarar 2014, an bayyana cewa Zoran shi ma ya yi aure. [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1989]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 82i255qafrhk2g84yo87kcv7v7kievq 878482 878481 2026-07-07T12:01:21Z Amama24 45707 878482 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Euroleague player statistics legend}}{{NBA player statistics start}} |- | style="text-align:left;"| {{nbay|2014}} | style="text-align:left;"| [[2014–15 Phoenix Suns season|Phoenix]] | 6 || 0 || 2.2 || .250 || .000 || '''.667''' || '''.5''' || .2 || .0 || .0 || 1.0 |- | style="text-align:left;"| {{nbay|2014}} | style="text-align:left;"| [[2014–15 Miami Heat season|Miami]] | '''10''' || '''1''' || '''6.2''' || '''.409''' || '''.333''' || .500 || '''.5''' || '''.4''' || '''.2''' || .0 || '''2.2''' |- class="sortbottom" | style="text-align:center;" colspan=2| Career | 16 || 1 || 4.7 || .367 || .214 || .600 || .5 || .3 || .1 || .0 || 1.8 {{S-end}}{{Euroleague player statistics start}}{{Databox}} |- | style="text-align:left;"| [[2012–13 Euroleague|2012–13]] | style="text-align:left;" rowspan=2| [[Baloncesto Málaga|Unicaja]] | 22 || 13 || 16.3 || .398 || .129 || .741 || '''3.0''' || .5 || .7|| .0 || 4.5 || 4.5 |- | style="text-align:left;"| [[2013–14 Euroleague|2013–14]] | 22 || '''19''' || 22.9 || .413 || .354 || .703 || 2.7 || 1.6 || .7 || .1 || '''10.9''' || '''10.0''' |- | style="text-align:left;"| [[2015–16 Euroleague|2015–16]] | style="text-align:left;"| [[BC Khimki|Khimki]] | 24 || 5 || 16.7 || '''.490''' || .338 || .662 || 2.5 || .8 || '''.8''' || .0 || 8.0 || 7.6 |- | style="text-align:left;"| [[2016–17 EuroLeague|2016–17]] | style="text-align:left;"| [[Pallacanestro Olimpia Milano|Milano]] | 23 || 14 || 19.2 || .445 || .296 || .727 || 2.2 || .7 || .7 || '''.2''' || 7.0 || 4.8 |- | style="text-align:left;"| [[2017–18 EuroLeague|2017–18]] | style="text-align:left;"| [[Anadolu Efes S.K.|Anadolu Efes]] | 14 || 10 || '''28.1''' || .429 || .304 || '''.853''' || 2.1 || '''2.7''' || '''.8''' || .1 || 10.6 || 9.6 |- | style="text-align:left;"| [[2019–20 Euroleague|2019–20]] | style="text-align:left;" rowspan=2| [[Saski Baskonia|Baskonia]] | 5 || 1 || 17.4 || .367 || '''.357''' || .706 || 2.0 || .4 || .6 || {{Sort|-|—}} || 7.8 || 6.0 |- | style="text-align:left;"| [[2020–21 EuroLeague|2020–21]] | '''33''' || 3 || 18.0 || .421 || .284 || .787 || 1.6 || .9 || .6 || {{Sort|-|—}} || 8.5 || 6.8 |- | style="text-align:left;"| [[2021–22 EuroLeague|2021–22]] | style="text-align:left;"| [[BC Žalgiris|Žalgiris]] | 9 || 5 || 13.2 || .293 || .250 || .700 || 1.2 || .6 || .4 || .1 || 3.9 || 2.1 |- class="sortbottom" | style="text-align:center;" colspan=2| Career | 152 || 70 || 19.1 || .425 || .300 || .737 || 2.2 || 1.0 || .7 || .1 || 7.9 || 6.7 {{S-end}} [[Fayil:Zoran_Dragić_30_-_Anadolu_Efes_S.K._20171130_(cropped).jpg|thumb|378x378px|Dragić tare da Anadolu Efes a cikin 2017]] '''Zoran Dragić''' (an haife shi a ranar 22 ga Yuni, 1989) ƙwararren ɗan wasan [[Kwallon kwando|ƙwallon kwando]] ne ɗan ƙasar Slovenia wanda ke bugawa ƙungiyar Split of the Croatian League da ABA League . Hakanan yana wakiltar ƙungiyar ƙwallon kwando ta ƙasar Slovenia a duk duniya. Yana da 1.96 m (6) ƙafa 5 a), yana taka rawar mai tsaron harbi da ƙananan matsayi na gaba . Shi ne ƙanin Goran Dragić . === Shekarun farko === A shekara ta 2004, Dragić ya koma Ilirija na gasar Slovenia 1B a kakar wasa ta 2004-05. Shekara guda bayan haka, ya koma Janče STZ na gasar Slovenia D2 a kakar wasa ta 2005-06. A shekara ta 2006, ya sanya hannu da Geoplin Slovan na gasar Slovenia inda ya buga wasanni hudu a gare su. A shekara ta 2010, ya sanya hannu da Krka inda ya buga wasanni biyu a gare su. === Málaga (2012–2014) === A watan Yulin 2012, Dragić ya shiga Houston Rockets don gasar NBA Summer League ta 2012. A ranar 20 ga Agusta, 2012, ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekaru biyu da Unicaja Málaga na Liga ACB . A ranar 8 ga Yuli, 2014, ya sanya hannu kan tsawaita kwangilar shekaru biyu da Unicaja Málaga. Duk da haka, bayan amincewa da sanya hannu da Phoenix Suns, Dragić da Málaga sun amince su rabu a ranar 26 ga Satumba, 2014. === Phoenix Suns (2014–2015) === A ranar 29 ga Satumba, 2014, Dragić ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekaru biyu da Phoenix Suns. Ya ci gaba da buga wasansa na farko a NBA a ranar 15 ga Nuwamba, 2014, a kan Los Angeles Clippers . Shi da Goran, tare da abokan wasansa Markieff da Marcus Morris, duk sun yi wasa tare na ɗan lokaci tare da Suns a lokacin kwata na huɗu na nasarar da suka samu a kan Philadelphia 76ers a ranar 2 ga Janairu, 2015. Wannan shi ne karo na farko a tarihin NBA da 'yan'uwa biyu daban-daban suka buga wasa tare da ƙungiya ɗaya a lokaci guda. A cikin abin da ya kasance wasansa na uku kawai na kakar wasa, ya kuma rubuta kididdigar NBA ta farko da maki 3, dawowa 1, da kuma taimako 1. === Miami Heat (2015) === A ranar 19 ga Fabrairu, 2015, an yi ciniki da Zoran da ɗan'uwansa Goran zuwa Miami Heat a yarjejeniyar ƙungiyoyi uku, wadda ta shafi New Orleans Pelicans . <ref>{{Cite web |date=February 19, 2015 |title=HEAT Acquire Goran Dragic and Zoran Dragic |url=http://www.nba.com/heat/news/heat-acquire-goran-dragic-and-zoran-dragic |access-date=February 19, 2015 |website=NBA.com}}</ref> A ranar 4 ga Maris, an tura shi zuwa Sioux Falls Skyforce na NBA Development League . A ranar 15 ga Maris, Miami ta sake kiransa. A wasan ƙarshe na kakar wasa ta Heat da Philadelphia 76ers a ranar 15 ga Afrilu, Dragić ya zira kwallaye 22 mafi yawa a kakar wasa. A watan Yulin 2015, ya shiga Heat don gasar NBA Summer League ta 2015. A ranar 27 ga Yuli, an yi ciniki da Dragić zuwa Boston Celtics, tare da zaɓen zagaye na biyu na 2020 da la'akari da kuɗi, a madadin zaɓen zagaye na biyu na 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=July 27, 2015 |title=Boston Celtics Complete Trade with Miami Heat |url=http://www.nba.com/celtics/news/pressrelease/boston-celtics-complete-trade-miami-heat |access-date=July 27, 2015 |website=NBA.com}}</ref> Duk da haka, a ranar 10 ga Agusta, Celtics ta yafe masa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 10, 2015 |title=Celtics Waive Zoran Dragic |url=http://www.nba.com/celtics/news/pressrelease/celtics-waive-zoran-dragic |access-date=August 10, 2015 |website=NBA.com}}</ref> === Komawa Turai === A ranar 13 ga Agusta, 2015, Dragić ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekaru biyu da kulob din Khimki na Rasha. Bayan kakar wasa daya ya bar Khimki, kuma a ranar 7 ga Yuli, 2016, ya sanya hannu da kulob din Olimpia Milano na Italiya. An sallame shi daga Milano a ranar 20 ga Nuwamba, 2017. Washegari, ya sanya hannu da kulob din Anadolu Efes na Turkiyya. Kakar wasansa ta ƙare da wuri a ranar 20 ga Fabrairu, 2018, lokacin da ya ji rauni a jijiyar gaba . Dragić ya ji rauni kuma ya warke daga raunin da ya ji kuma ya dawo a watan Janairun 2019. Ya sanya hannu da kulob din Serie A Alma Trieste a ranar 8 ga Janairu, 2019, har zuwa karshen kakar wasa ta 2018-2019. A ranar 6 ga Agusta, 2019, ya sanya hannu da ratiopharm Ulm na gasar Bundesliga ta Kwando ta Jamus (BBL). A ranar 30 ga Janairu, 2020, Dragić ya rattaba hannu a hukumance da kulob din Liga ACB Baskonia na sauran kakar wasa, <ref>{{Cite web |date=January 30, 2020 |title=Zoran Dragic, experiencia para el perímetro azulgrana |url=https://www.baskonia.com/zoran-dragic-experiencia-para-el-perimetro-azulgrana |access-date=January 31, 2020 |website=baskonia.com |language=ES}}</ref> inda ya koma gasar EuroLeague . Ya sanya hannu kan tsawaita kwantiragi da kungiyar a ranar 5 ga Agusta A ranar 30 ga Oktoba, 2021, Dragić ya sanya hannu da Žalgiris Kaunas na gasar ƙwallon kwando ta Lithuania, har zuwa sauran kakar wasa. Ya rabu da ƙungiyar a ranar 31 ga Disamba. A ranar 9 ga Janairu, 2022, Dragić ya sanya hannu da Cedevita Olimpija na Slovenian League da kuma ABA League . A ranar 6 ga Agusta, 2024, ya sanya hannu da Bilbao Basket na Spanish Liga ACB . <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 6, 2024 |title=Bilbao adds Dragic to their roster, ex Cedevita Ol |url=https://www.eurobasket.com/FIBA%20Europe%20Cup/news/885817/Bilbao-adds-Dragic-to-their-roster,-ex-Cedevita-Ol. |access-date=April 24, 2025 |website= |publisher=Eurobasket |language=En}}</ref> A ranar 20 ga Satumba, 2025, ya sanya hannu da Split of the Croatian League da ABA League . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Zule |first=Željko |date=September 20, 2025 |title=Split lands Zoran Dragić |url=https://www.eurobasket.com/Slovenia/news/957214/Split-lands-Zoran-Dragic |access-date=September 21, 2025 |publisher=[[Eurobasket.com]]}}</ref> == Aikin ƙungiyar ƙasa == Dragić ya fara bugawa ƙungiyar matasa ta ƙasar Slovenia wasa a gasar FIBA ta Turai ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 18 ta 2007. Ya kuma shiga gasar FIBA ta Turai ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 20 ta 2009, inda a lokacin ne zai zama na huɗu mafi kyawun ɗan wasa a gasar, a duk faɗin gasar. A shekarar 2011, Dragić ya shiga cikin manyan 'yan wasan Slovenia, tare da ɗan'uwansa, Goran, a lokacin gasar EuroBasket ta 2011. Bayan nasarar da ya samu a shekarar 2011, ya kuma buga wa Slovenia wasa a gasar EuroBasket ta 2013, kuma ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar ta kammala da matsayi mafi kyau a cikin jadawalin ƙarshe fiye da gasar da ta gabata. Ya ci gaba da bugawa Slovenia wasa a gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIBA ta 2014, inda wasansa ya zama babban abin da ya sa ya sanya hannu a ƙarshe tare da Phoenix Suns daga baya a wannan shekarar. == Ƙididdigar aiki == === NBA === ==== Lokacin yau da kullun ==== === Gasar EuroLeague === Mahaifinsa ɗan asalin ƙasar Serbia ne. Babban ɗan'uwan Dragić, Goran, kwanan nan ya buga wa Milwaukee Bucks wasa kuma yanzu ya yi ritaya. 'Yan'uwan biyu abokan wasa ne a Suns da Heat a lokacin kakar wasa ta 2014-15. A lokacin wata hira da Goran a shekarar 2014, an bayyana cewa Zoran shi ma ya yi aure. [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1989]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 5b4h163te6qb4tvybr0o9k0bp5oyj3j 0 161015 878483 2026-07-07T12:02:25Z Amama24 45707 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1344430781|Linus Persson (handballer)]]" 878483 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Linus Persson''' (an haife shi a ranar 16 ga Afrilu 1993) ɗan wasan ƙwallon hannu ne na ƙasar Sweden. <ref name="nationalteam">{{Cite web |title=Spelarpresentationer |url=https://www.handbollslandslaget.se/spelare/linuspersson/ |access-date=22 July 2021 |website=Handbollslandslaget}}</ref> Yana bugawa ƙungiyar FC Porto da kuma ƙungiyar ƙasa ta Sweden . Ya lashe gasar zakarun Turai daga gasar cin kofin Turai ta 2022 . == Sana'a == Persson ya fara buga ƙwallon hannu a OV Helsingborg kuma ya koma HK Malmö a shekarar 2011. A nan ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar ta samu ci gaba zuwa Handbollsligan . Daga 2018 ya koma ƙungiyar Faransa ta US Ivry tsawon shekaru uku. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 March 2018 |title=Linus Persson lämnar HK Malmö |url=https://www.hkmalmo.se/nyheter/?ID=194854&NID=430687 |access-date=5 June 2021 |publisher=HK Malmö |language=sv}}</ref> Sannan ya koma HBC Nantes, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Communiqué officiel : effectif 21-22 |url=https://hbcnantes.com/actualites/communique-officiel-effectif-21-22/ |access-date=19 June 2021 |publisher=HBC Nantes |language=fr}}</ref> inda ya kare a matsayi na biyu a kakar wasa ta 2021–22 kuma ya lashe Kofin Lig na Faransa . A 2022 ya lashe gasar Trophée des Champions, kuma a 2023 ya lashe gasar Coupe de France . A shekarar 2023 ya koma ƙungiyar GOG Håndbold ta ƙasar Denmark. <ref>{{Cite web |title=GOG henter landsholdsspiller i fransk storklub |url=https://www.gog.dk/gog-forstaerker-sig-med-svensk-landsholdsspiller/ |access-date=18 February 2023 |publisher=GOG Håndbold |language=da}}</ref> A nan ne ya lashe Kofin Denmark a shekarar 2024. <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 February 2024 |title=GOG genvinder pokalturneringen |url=https://danskhaandbold.dk/nyheder/gog-genvinder-pokalturneringen |access-date=29 October 2025 |publisher=Danish Handball Federation |language=da}}</ref> Daga kakar wasa ta 2025 zuwa 26 ya koma ƙungiyar FC Porto ta ƙasar Portugal. == Tawagar ƙasa == Persson ya fara buga wa tawagar ƙasar Sweden wasa a ranar 2 ga Afrilu 2014 a wasan da suka yi da Jamus da ci 30-25. <ref name="nationalteam">{{Cite web |title=Spelarpresentationer |url=https://www.handbollslandslaget.se/spelare/linuspersson/ |access-date=22 July 2021 |website=Handbollslandslaget}}</ref> Ya fafata a Gasar Cin Kofin Turai ta 2016, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Men's EHF Euro 2016 Poland. Sweden |url=http://pol2016.ehf-euro.com/teams/group-c-wroclaw/sweden/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190514010919/https://pol2016.ehf-euro.com/teams/group-c-wroclaw/sweden/ |archive-date=14 May 2019 |access-date=30 January 2016 |publisher=[[European Handball Federation]]}}</ref> duk da cewa ya buga wasa ɗaya kawai a gasar. A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta 2021 ya lashe lambobin azurfa, inda ya sha kashi a hannun Denmark a wasan ƙarshe. <ref>{{Cite web |date=31 January 2021 |title=Denmark claim second straight Men’s World Championship gold |url=https://www.ihf.info/media-center/news/denmark-claim-second-straight-mens-world-championship-gold |website=ihf.info}}</ref> Ya rasa gasar Olympics ta 2021 saboda rauni. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 May 2021 |title=OS-drömmen borta för Linus Persson |url=https://www.handbollslandslaget.se/herr/os-drommen-borta-for-linus-persson/ |access-date=5 June 2021 |publisher=Svensk handboll |language=sv}}</ref> A Gasar Cin Kofin Turai ta 2022, ya lashe lambobin zinare. Duk da haka, da farko bai kasance cikin tawagar ba, kuma ya shiga ne kawai bayan da 'yan wasan Sweden da dama suka tafi saboda kamuwa da cutar Coronavirus . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Linus Persson ersätter Lukas Sandell |url=https://www.handbollslandslaget.se/herr/linus-persson-ersatter-lukas-sandell/ |access-date=28 January 2022 |publisher=Handbollslandslaget |language=sv}}</ref> == Mai zaman kansa == Yana auren Isabelle Gulldén, 'yar Sweden mai buga ƙwallon hannu, kuma suna da ɗa ɗaya tare tun daga shekarar 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 July 2019 |title=Bella Gulldéns babylycka: "Välkommen till världen" |url=https://www.aftonbladet.se/sportbladet/a/wPVaAd/bella-gulldens-babylycka-valkommen-till-varlden |website=Aftonbladet |language=sv}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1993]] kx36k86it4icx5me8uz5mc2tbjxvzbe 878484 878483 2026-07-07T12:02:59Z Amama24 45707 878484 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Linus Persson''' (an haife shi a ranar 16 ga Afrilu 1993) ɗan wasan ƙwallon hannu ne na ƙasar Sweden. <ref name="nationalteam">{{Cite web |title=Spelarpresentationer |url=https://www.handbollslandslaget.se/spelare/linuspersson/ |access-date=22 July 2021 |website=Handbollslandslaget}}</ref> Yana bugawa ƙungiyar FC Porto da kuma ƙungiyar ƙasa ta Sweden . Ya lashe gasar zakarun Turai daga gasar cin kofin Turai ta 2022 . == Sana'a == Persson ya fara buga ƙwallon hannu a OV Helsingborg kuma ya koma HK Malmö a shekarar 2011. A nan ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar ta samu ci gaba zuwa Handbollsligan . Daga 2018 ya koma ƙungiyar Faransa ta US Ivry tsawon shekaru uku. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 March 2018 |title=Linus Persson lämnar HK Malmö |url=https://www.hkmalmo.se/nyheter/?ID=194854&NID=430687 |access-date=5 June 2021 |publisher=HK Malmö |language=sv}}</ref> Sannan ya koma HBC Nantes, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Communiqué officiel : effectif 21-22 |url=https://hbcnantes.com/actualites/communique-officiel-effectif-21-22/ |access-date=19 June 2021 |publisher=HBC Nantes |language=fr}}</ref> inda ya kare a matsayi na biyu a kakar wasa ta 2021–22 kuma ya lashe Kofin Lig na Faransa . A 2022 ya lashe gasar Trophée des Champions, kuma a 2023 ya lashe gasar Coupe de France . A shekarar 2023 ya koma ƙungiyar GOG Håndbold ta ƙasar Denmark. <ref>{{Cite web |title=GOG henter landsholdsspiller i fransk storklub |url=https://www.gog.dk/gog-forstaerker-sig-med-svensk-landsholdsspiller/ |access-date=18 February 2023 |publisher=GOG Håndbold |language=da}}</ref> A nan ne ya lashe Kofin Denmark a shekarar 2024. <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 February 2024 |title=GOG genvinder pokalturneringen |url=https://danskhaandbold.dk/nyheder/gog-genvinder-pokalturneringen |access-date=29 October 2025 |publisher=Danish Handball Federation |language=da}}</ref> Daga kakar wasa ta 2025 zuwa 26 ya koma ƙungiyar FC Porto ta ƙasar Portugal. == Tawagar ƙasa == Persson ya fara buga wa tawagar ƙasar Sweden wasa a ranar 2 ga Afrilu 2014 a wasan da suka yi da Jamus da ci 30-25. <ref name="nationalteam">{{Cite web |title=Spelarpresentationer |url=https://www.handbollslandslaget.se/spelare/linuspersson/ |access-date=22 July 2021 |website=Handbollslandslaget}}</ref> Ya fafata a Gasar Cin Kofin Turai ta 2016, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Men's EHF Euro 2016 Poland. Sweden |url=http://pol2016.ehf-euro.com/teams/group-c-wroclaw/sweden/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190514010919/https://pol2016.ehf-euro.com/teams/group-c-wroclaw/sweden/ |archive-date=14 May 2019 |access-date=30 January 2016 |publisher=[[European Handball Federation]]}}</ref> duk da cewa ya buga wasa ɗaya kawai a gasar. A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta 2021 ya lashe lambobin azurfa, inda ya sha kashi a hannun Denmark a wasan ƙarshe. <ref>{{Cite web |date=31 January 2021 |title=Denmark claim second straight Men’s World Championship gold |url=https://www.ihf.info/media-center/news/denmark-claim-second-straight-mens-world-championship-gold |website=ihf.info}}</ref> Ya rasa gasar Olympics ta 2021 saboda rauni. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 May 2021 |title=OS-drömmen borta för Linus Persson |url=https://www.handbollslandslaget.se/herr/os-drommen-borta-for-linus-persson/ |access-date=5 June 2021 |publisher=Svensk handboll |language=sv}}</ref> A Gasar Cin Kofin Turai ta 2022, ya lashe lambobin zinare. Duk da haka, da farko bai kasance cikin tawagar ba, kuma ya shiga ne kawai bayan da 'yan wasan Sweden da dama suka tafi saboda kamuwa da cutar Coronavirus . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Linus Persson ersätter Lukas Sandell |url=https://www.handbollslandslaget.se/herr/linus-persson-ersatter-lukas-sandell/ |access-date=28 January 2022 |publisher=Handbollslandslaget |language=sv}}</ref> == Mai zaman kansa == Yana auren Isabelle Gulldén, 'yar Sweden mai buga ƙwallon hannu, kuma suna da ɗa ɗaya tare tun daga shekarar 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 July 2019 |title=Bella Gulldéns babylycka: "Välkommen till världen" |url=https://www.aftonbladet.se/sportbladet/a/wPVaAd/bella-gulldens-babylycka-valkommen-till-varlden |website=Aftonbladet |language=sv}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1993]] a1kx4ztlgzx6252igbg0p6x6xm4smdb 0 161016 878485 2026-07-07T12:03:54Z Amama24 45707 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1360761005|Kennedy Ekezie]]" 878485 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kennedy Ekezie-Joseph''' Listen ⓘ (an haife shi a ranar 11 ga Yuni 1998) ɗan kasuwa ne ɗan Najeriya. Shi ne wanda ya kafa Kippa tare kuma babban jami'in gudanarwa na yanzu. A watan Nuwamba na 2023, Ekezie ya shiga jerin Forbes 30 na ƙasa da shekaru 30 na shekarar 2024 (Arewacin Amurka) a cikin rukunin Kuɗi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Forbes 30 Under 30 2024: Finance |url=https://www.forbes.com/30-under-30/2024/finance/ |access-date=2023-12-08 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Ekezie, wanda asalinsa ɗan asalin [[Ehime Mbano]] ne a [[Imo|Jihar Imo]], a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] inda ya zauna na tsawon shekaru 8 tare da iyalinsa kafin iyayensa su koma [[Kalaba|Calabar]] bayan sun sami aiki a can. A shekarar 2017, Ekezie ya kammala karatunsa da digirin farko a fannin fasaha tare da girmamawa a [[Falsafa|fannin falsafa]] daga [[Jami'ar Calabar]] sannan daga baya ya lashe kyautar tallafin karatu ta Yenching a shekarar 2018 don yin karatun digiri na biyu a fannin tattalin arziki da gudanarwa a Jami'ar Peking . Yana kuma da difloma a fannin jagoranci a fannin canji daga Jami'ar Cambridge . <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Yenching Academy of Peking University Introduces the 2018 Cohort of Yenching Scholars-Yenching Academy of Peking University |url=https://yenchingacademy.pku.edu.cn/info/1039/2589.htm |access-date=2023-08-25 |website=[[Yenching Academy]]}}</ref> == Sana'a == A shekarar 2014, yana da shekaru 16 a lokacin da yake karatu, Ekezie ya kafa Calabar Youths Council For Women's Rights; wata kungiya da ya kafa don inganta hakkokin mata bayan ya gano cewa mata sama da 8,000 ne ke fuskantar [[Garancin mata a Najeriya|kaciyar mata a Najeriya]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-06-13 |title=KENNEDY EKEZIE-JOSEPH |url=https://www.wearefamilyfoundation.org/gtl-2017/kennedy-ekezie-joseph |access-date=2023-08-25 |website=[[We Are Family Foundation]] |language=en-US}}</ref> A shekarar 2021, ya kafa Kippa tare. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Prosser |first=David |title=Kippa Aims To Unlock The Potential Of Africa's Small Businesses |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidprosser/2022/10/06/kippa-aims-to-unlock-the-potential-of-africas-small-businesses/ |access-date=2023-08-25 |website=[[Forbes (magazine)|Forbes]] |language=en}}</ref> Kafin hakan, ya kuma yi aiki a ByteDance yayin da yake kan tallafin karatu na Yenching a Jami'ar Peking da ke China. An yaba wa Ekezie a matsayin wani ɓangare na ƙungiyar da ta jagoranci [[TikTok]] zuwa Afirka. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mubarik |first=Abu |date=2022-01-24 |title=Meet the 23-yr-old Nigerian who led TikTok's entry into Africa and now has his own fintech startup |url=https://face2faceafrica.com/article/meet-the-23-yr-old-nigerian-who-led-tiktoks-entry-into-africa-and-now-has-his-own-fintech-startup |access-date=2023-08-25 |website=[[Face2Face Africa]] |language=en}}</ref> == Ganewa da kyaututtuka == A shekarar 2017, an zaɓi Ekezie a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin Shugabannin Matasa 30 na Duniya ta Gidauniyar We Are Family kuma ya sami tallafin [[Barack Obama|Shugaba Obama]] na Matasan Shugabannin Afirka. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-06-13 |title=KENNEDY EKEZIE-JOSEPH |url=https://www.wearefamilyfoundation.org/gtl-2017/kennedy-ekezie-joseph |access-date=2024-04-19 |website=[[We Are Family Foundation]] |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-04 |title=Entrepreneurship: What Must Young Africans Do Differently? |url=https://www.nyuafricahouse.org/events-index/entrepreneurship-what-must-young-africans-do-differently |access-date=2024-04-19 |website=[[NYU]] Africa House |language=en-US}}</ref> A shekarar 2018, an ba Ekezie kyautar Sarauniyar Matasan Shugabanci ta [[Elizabeth II|Sarauniya Elizabeth ta Biyu]] a Fadar Buckingham . Ya kuma lashe tallafin karatu na Yenching a wannan shekarar. Saboda aikinsa na ɗan kasuwa na fasaha, an ba shi kyautar Kyautar Kyauta ta Gaba don [[Fasaha]] a 2022, kuma an sanya shi cikin jerin <nowiki><i id="mwZA">Forbes 30 na ƙasa da shekaru 30</i></nowiki> (Arewacin Amurka) a 2023. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kennedy Ekezie |url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/kennedy-ekezie/ |access-date=2024-04-19 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * Chimezie Emewulu * '''Abisiga Mojeed Damilola''' == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1998]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 75n0h5mvwavm6r9iqvd52o9wzz0nas2 878486 878485 2026-07-07T12:04:26Z Amama24 45707 878486 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kennedy Ekezie-Joseph''' Listen ⓘ (an haife shi a ranar 11 ga Yuni 1998) ɗan kasuwa ne ɗan Najeriya. Shi ne wanda ya kafa Kippa tare kuma babban jami'in gudanarwa na yanzu. A watan Nuwamba na 2023, Ekezie ya shiga jerin Forbes 30 na ƙasa da shekaru 30 na shekarar 2024 (Arewacin Amurka) a cikin rukunin Kuɗi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Forbes 30 Under 30 2024: Finance |url=https://www.forbes.com/30-under-30/2024/finance/ |access-date=2023-12-08 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Ekezie, wanda asalinsa ɗan asalin [[Ehime Mbano]] ne a [[Imo|Jihar Imo]], a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] inda ya zauna na tsawon shekaru 8 tare da iyalinsa kafin iyayensa su koma [[Kalaba|Calabar]] bayan sun sami aiki a can. A shekarar 2017, Ekezie ya kammala karatunsa da digirin farko a fannin fasaha tare da girmamawa a [[Falsafa|fannin falsafa]] daga [[Jami'ar Calabar]] sannan daga baya ya lashe kyautar tallafin karatu ta Yenching a shekarar 2018 don yin karatun digiri na biyu a fannin tattalin arziki da gudanarwa a Jami'ar Peking . Yana kuma da difloma a fannin jagoranci a fannin canji daga Jami'ar Cambridge . <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Yenching Academy of Peking University Introduces the 2018 Cohort of Yenching Scholars-Yenching Academy of Peking University |url=https://yenchingacademy.pku.edu.cn/info/1039/2589.htm |access-date=2023-08-25 |website=[[Yenching Academy]]}}</ref> == Sana'a == A shekarar 2014, yana da shekaru 16 a lokacin da yake karatu, Ekezie ya kafa Calabar Youths Council For Women's Rights; wata kungiya da ya kafa don inganta hakkokin mata bayan ya gano cewa mata sama da 8,000 ne ke fuskantar [[Garancin mata a Najeriya|kaciyar mata a Najeriya]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-06-13 |title=KENNEDY EKEZIE-JOSEPH |url=https://www.wearefamilyfoundation.org/gtl-2017/kennedy-ekezie-joseph |access-date=2023-08-25 |website=[[We Are Family Foundation]] |language=en-US}}</ref> A shekarar 2021, ya kafa Kippa tare. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Prosser |first=David |title=Kippa Aims To Unlock The Potential Of Africa's Small Businesses |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidprosser/2022/10/06/kippa-aims-to-unlock-the-potential-of-africas-small-businesses/ |access-date=2023-08-25 |website=[[Forbes (magazine)|Forbes]] |language=en}}</ref> Kafin hakan, ya kuma yi aiki a ByteDance yayin da yake kan tallafin karatu na Yenching a Jami'ar Peking da ke China. An yaba wa Ekezie a matsayin wani ɓangare na ƙungiyar da ta jagoranci [[TikTok]] zuwa Afirka. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mubarik |first=Abu |date=2022-01-24 |title=Meet the 23-yr-old Nigerian who led TikTok's entry into Africa and now has his own fintech startup |url=https://face2faceafrica.com/article/meet-the-23-yr-old-nigerian-who-led-tiktoks-entry-into-africa-and-now-has-his-own-fintech-startup |access-date=2023-08-25 |website=[[Face2Face Africa]] |language=en}}</ref> == Ganewa da kyaututtuka == A shekarar 2017, an zaɓi Ekezie a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin Shugabannin Matasa 30 na Duniya ta Gidauniyar We Are Family kuma ya sami tallafin [[Barack Obama|Shugaba Obama]] na Matasan Shugabannin Afirka. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-06-13 |title=KENNEDY EKEZIE-JOSEPH |url=https://www.wearefamilyfoundation.org/gtl-2017/kennedy-ekezie-joseph |access-date=2024-04-19 |website=[[We Are Family Foundation]] |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-04 |title=Entrepreneurship: What Must Young Africans Do Differently? |url=https://www.nyuafricahouse.org/events-index/entrepreneurship-what-must-young-africans-do-differently |access-date=2024-04-19 |website=[[NYU]] Africa House |language=en-US}}</ref> A shekarar 2018, an ba Ekezie kyautar Sarauniyar Matasan Shugabanci ta [[Elizabeth II|Sarauniya Elizabeth ta Biyu]] a Fadar Buckingham . Ya kuma lashe tallafin karatu na Yenching a wannan shekarar. Saboda aikinsa na ɗan kasuwa na fasaha, an ba shi kyautar Kyautar Kyauta ta Gaba don [[Fasaha]] a 2022, kuma an sanya shi cikin jerin <nowiki><i id="mwZA">Forbes 30 na ƙasa da shekaru 30</i></nowiki> (Arewacin Amurka) a 2023. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kennedy Ekezie |url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/kennedy-ekezie/ |access-date=2024-04-19 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * Chimezie Emewulu * '''Abisiga Mojeed Damilola''' == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1998]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 44014jdfqamhbemypf5qiftqnsyn17j 0 161017 878487 2026-07-07T12:05:50Z Amama24 45707 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1335690648|Julian Wright]]" 878487 wikitext text/x-wiki {{NBA player statistics legend}}{{NBA player statistics start}} |- | align="left" | [[2008 NBA Playoffs|2008]] | align="left" | [[2007–08 New Orleans Hornets season|New Orleans]] | '''11''' || 0 || '''11.9''' || '''.455''' || '''.222''' || '''.833''' || '''1.6''' || '''.5''' || '''.9''' || .1 || '''4.3''' |- | align="left" | [[2009 NBA Playoffs|2009]] | align="left" | [[2008–09 New Orleans Hornets season|New Orleans]] | 4 || 0 || 8.0 || .429 || .000 || .500 || 1.5 || '''.5''' || .0 || '''.3''' || 2.0 |- class="sortbottom" | style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"| Career | 15 || 0 || 10.9 || .451 || .222 || .700 || 1.6 || .5 || .7 || .1 || 3.7 {{S-end}}'''Julian Emil-Jamaal Wright''' (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga Mayu, 1987) tsohon ɗan wasan [[Kwallon kwando|ƙwallon kwando]] ne ɗan ƙasar Amurka. Ya buga ƙwallon kwando ta kwaleji a ƙungiyar Kansas Jayhawks . A shekarar 2014–15, shi ne ɗan wasan da ya fi kowanne ɗan wasa a gasar Firimiya ta Kwando ta Isra'ila . Julian Wright ya buga ƙwallon kwando mai gasa a Makarantar Sakandare ta Homewood-Flossmoor da ke [[Floosmoor Il|Flossmoor, Illinois]] . A can ya jagoranci Vikings zuwa matsayi na biyu a gasar IHSA state AA a shekararsa ta farko, inda ya sha kashi a hannun Peoria Central a gasar zakarun, waɗanda ɗan wasan NBA na gaba Shaun Livingston ya jagoranta. A shekarar 2005, an zaɓe shi cikin ƙungiyar McDonald's All-American, kuma an ƙirga shi cikin manyan 'yan wasan ƙwallon kwando goma a cikin ajinsa ta hanyar ayyukan ɗaukar ma'aikata da yawa saboda baiwarsa da iyawarsa. Yana da tsawon inci 6 da inci 8 da {{Convert|225|lb}}, Wright ya haɗu da kyakkyawan girma tare da ƙwarewa mai kyau a fannin wasanni da ƙwarewa, wanda ya ba shi damar buga mukamai da yawa a makarantar sakandare, ciki har da mai tsaron harbi, ƙaramin mai gaba, da kuma mai ƙarfin gaba . == Aikin kwaleji == Wright ya shiga kakar wasa ta 2005–06 ga Kansas Jayhawks a matsayin sabon ɗan wasa na shekara na shekara a Babban Taron Big 12. Duk da cewa bai fara a farkon kakar wasa ba, ya yi sauri ya shiga cikin jerin 'yan wasan gaba masu tasowa. Kwarewarsa ta musamman sau da yawa ya ba shi damar cin kwallaye a raga saboda yadda ya doke 'yan wasan baya a filin wasa. Babban abin da ya fi daukar hankali a kakar wasa ta farko shi ne a kan Texas Longhorns a gasar Big 12 Tournament Championship lokacin da ya nuna alamar mamaki ga nasarar KU da kwallaye biyu masu ban mamaki a mintunan ƙarshe na wasan. A lokacin kakar wasa ta farko, Wright ya sami matsakaicin maki 8.5 a kowane wasa, amma an yaba masa sosai saboda iyawarsa na taimaka wa ƙungiyarsa ba tare da zura kwallaye ba. An sanya shi cikin ƙungiyar All- Big 12 ta gasar da kuma ƙungiyar All-Big 12 ta New York tare da sauran 'yan wasan Kansas Brandon Rush da Mario Chalmers . A lokacin gasar ta 2007, an sake sanya shi cikin ƙungiyar All-Tournament. Wright ya jawo hankalin ƙasa saboda wasan da ya buga da maki 33 a kan Missouri Tigers . Saboda wasansa a kakar wasa ta 2006-07, an nada Wright a matsayin ɗan wasa na uku na All-American ta Ƙungiyar Masu Horar da Kwando ta Ƙasa . Duk da kalaman da aka yi akasin haka, a ranar Litinin, 9 ga Afrilu, 2007, Wright ya sanar da cewa yana sa kansa ya cancanci shiga gasar NBA. Ya ɗauki wani wakili, wanda hakan ya sa bai cancanci komawa makaranta ba kafin a fara gasar. == Sana'ar ƙwararru == An zaɓi Wright a matsayin ɗan wasa na 13 a cikin jerin 'yan wasan NBA na 2007 ta hannun ƙungiyar New Orleans Hornets . A kakar wasansa ta farko a NBA, Wright ya sami matsakaicin maki 3.9 a kowane wasa da kuma 2.1 a kowane wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Julian Wright &#124; Toronto &#124; National Basketball Association &#124; Yahoo! Sports |url=https://sports.yahoo.com/nba/players/4291/ |website=sports.yahoo.com}}</ref> A ranar 26 ga Oktoba, 2009, Hornets ta zaɓi zaɓin kwangilar Wright na kakar 2010-11. <ref name="Hornets exercise">{{Cite web |title=Hornets exercise option on swingman Wright |url=http://www.nba.com/2009/news/10/26/hornets.wright.ap/index.html |website=[[NBA.com]]}}</ref> A ranar 11 ga Agusta, 2010, an sayar da Wright ga Toronto Raptors don Marco Belinelli . <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 11, 2010 |title=Raptors Acquire Wright From New Orleans |url=http://www.nba.com/raptors/news/wright_trade_081110.html |access-date=2010-08-12 |website=[[NBA.com]]}}</ref> Wright ya rattaba hannu da Austin Toros na NBA D-League a watan Fabrairun 2012. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Julian Wright joins the D-League; Paul Pierce, Mario Chalmers and Markieff Morris take part in All-Star Weekend &#124; 'Hawks in the NBA |url=http://www2.kusports.com/weblogs/hawks_nba/2012/feb/28/julian-wright-joins-the-d-league-paul-pi/ |website=KUsports.com}}</ref> A watan Oktoban 2012, Wright ya sanya hannu da Maccabi Rishon LeZion na Isra'ila. A watan Satumba na 2013, ya sanya hannu da Krasnye Krylia na VTB United League . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Krasnie Krilya adds Wright to their roster, ex Maccabi Rishon |url=http://basketball.eurobasket.com/Russia/news/331593 |access-date=September 5, 2013 |publisher=Eurobasket.com}}</ref> A ranar 16 ga Oktoba, 2014, ya sanya hannu da Panathinaikos na Gasar Girka . A ranar 31 ga Disamba, 2014, Panathinaikos ya yanke shawarar soke kwangilarsa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Panathinaikos, Julian Wright part ways |url=http://www.sportando.com/en/europe/greece/146923/panathinaikos-julian-wright-part-ways.html |website=Sportando}}</ref> A ranar 9 ga Janairu, 2015, ya sanya hannu da Bnei Herzliya na gasar Premier ta Isra'ila har tsawon kakar wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Bnei Herzliya signs Julian Wright and Deron Washington |url=http://www.sportando.com/en/europe/israel/147943/bnei-herzliya-signs-julian-wright-and-deron-washington.html |website=Sportando}}</ref> A shekarar 2014–15, shi ne babban mai zura kwallo a gasar Premier ta Isra'ila . A ranar 8 ga Yuni, ya sanya hannu da Cangrejeros de Santurce na Puerto Rico don sauran kakar BSN ta 2015. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Julian Wright signs with Cangrejeros de Santurce |url=http://www.sportando.com/en/world/america/163313/julian-wright-signs-with-cangrejeros-de-santurce.html |website=Sportando}}</ref> A ranar 4 ga Agusta, 2015, Wright ya koma ƙungiyar Dolomiti Energia Trento ta Italiya a gasar Serie A a kakar wasa ta 2015-16. <ref>{{Cite web |last=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=August 4, 2015 |title=Trento signs big man Wright |url=http://www.eurocupbasketball.com/eurocup/news/i/68wd8rabjdkcr5jd |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150808010237/http://www.eurocupbasketball.com/eurocup/news/i/68wd8rabjdkcr5jd |archive-date=August 8, 2015 |access-date=August 4, 2015 |website=[[Eurocup Basketball|EurocupBasketball]].com}}</ref> A ranar 21 ga Satumba, 2017, Pallacanestro Reggiana ya sanar da dawowar Wright. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Julian Wright returns to Pallacanestro Reggiana |url=http://www.sportando.com/en/italy/serie-a/247493/julian-wright-returns-to-pallacanestro-reggiana.html}}</ref> A ranar 30 ga Agusta, 2018, Wright ya rattaba hannu da Levallois Metropolitans a Faransa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 30, 2018 |title=Julian Wright signs with Levallois |url=https://www.eurohoops.net/en/proa/731318/julian-wright-signs-with-levallois/ |website=Eurohoops}}</ref> Duk da haka, a watan Fabrairun 2019, Wright ya bar Levallois bayan takaddama da ƙungiyar. Daga baya ya saka bidiyo a kan Linkedin yana bayanin halin da ake ciki. <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2019 |title=Julian Wright Publishes Video on Why He Left Levallois Metropolitans |url=https://www.ballersabroad.com/news/julian-wright-publishes-video-on-why-he-left-levallois-metropolitans |access-date=15 March 2019 |website=BallersAbroad.com}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga Satumba, 2020, Wright ya sanya hannu tare da Hsinchu Lioneers na P.League . A ranar 21 ga Disamba, 2021, Wright ya sanya hannu tare da Taichung Wagor Suns na T1 League . A ranar 25 ga Mayu, 2022, Kamfanin 3's ya zaɓi Wright a matsayin wanda aka zaɓa na biyar a cikin daftarin BIG3 na 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-05-26 |title=2022 BIG3 Draft Recap |url=https://big3.com/news/2022-big3-draft-recap/ |access-date=2022-05-29 |website=BIG3 |language=en-US}}</ref> === Lokacin yau da kullun === == Rayuwa ta sirri == Garinsa shine [[Chicago Heights|Chicago Heights, Illinois]] kuma ya halarci ajin makarantar sakandare ta Homewood-Flossmoor a shekarar 2005. Wright mai sha'awar wasan bowling ne, kuma Kansas City Star ta bayyana shi a matsayin wanda ya yi wasan bowling a Jay Bowl na Jami'ar Kansas "aƙalla dare ɗaya a mako". Yana da ƙwallon bowling da takalman bowling, waɗanda na ƙarshen su launuka ne masu launin shuɗi da ja. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bedore |first=Gary |date=17 July 2019 |title=Former KU fan favorite Julian Wright returns to Sprint Center on Saturday |url=https://www.kansascity.com/sports/college/big-12/university-of-kansas/article232767612.html |access-date=17 December 2022 |website=[[Kansas City Star]]}}</ref> == Lambobin yabo da abubuwan da suka fi daukar hankali == '''Makarantar Sakandare''' * McDonald's All-American ( 2005 ) * Kwallo ta Mr. ta Illinois ( 2005 ) '''NBA''' * Ya jagoranci gasar NBA ta 2008 a Steal Pct. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1987]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] hksdr3csij1fwlyv2o20g86uowd4e80 878488 878487 2026-07-07T12:06:53Z Amama24 45707 878488 wikitext text/x-wiki {{NBA player statistics legend}}{{NBA player statistics start}} |- | align="left" | [[2008 NBA Playoffs|2008]] | align="left" | [[2007–08 New Orleans Hornets season|New Orleans]] | '''11''' || 0 || '''11.9''' || '''.455''' || '''.222''' || '''.833''' || '''1.6''' || '''.5''' || '''.9''' || .1 || '''4.3''' |- | align="left" | [[2009 NBA Playoffs|2009]] | align="left" | [[2008–09 New Orleans Hornets season|New Orleans]] | 4 || 0 || 8.0 || .429 || .000 || .500 || 1.5 || '''.5''' || .0 || '''.3''' || 2.0 |- class="sortbottom" | style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"| Career | 15 || 0 || 10.9 || .451 || .222 || .700 || 1.6 || .5 || .7 || .1 || 3.7 {{S-end}}{{Databox}} '''Julian Emil-Jamaal Wright''' (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga Mayu, 1987) tsohon ɗan wasan [[Kwallon kwando|ƙwallon kwando]] ne ɗan ƙasar Amurka. Ya buga ƙwallon kwando ta kwaleji a ƙungiyar Kansas Jayhawks . A shekarar 2014–15, shi ne ɗan wasan da ya fi kowanne ɗan wasa a gasar Firimiya ta Kwando ta Isra'ila . Julian Wright ya buga ƙwallon kwando mai gasa a Makarantar Sakandare ta Homewood-Flossmoor da ke [[Floosmoor Il|Flossmoor, Illinois]] . A can ya jagoranci Vikings zuwa matsayi na biyu a gasar IHSA state AA a shekararsa ta farko, inda ya sha kashi a hannun Peoria Central a gasar zakarun, waɗanda ɗan wasan NBA na gaba Shaun Livingston ya jagoranta. A shekarar 2005, an zaɓe shi cikin ƙungiyar McDonald's All-American, kuma an ƙirga shi cikin manyan 'yan wasan ƙwallon kwando goma a cikin ajinsa ta hanyar ayyukan ɗaukar ma'aikata da yawa saboda baiwarsa da iyawarsa. Yana da tsawon inci 6 da inci 8 da {{Convert|225|lb}}, Wright ya haɗu da kyakkyawan girma tare da ƙwarewa mai kyau a fannin wasanni da ƙwarewa, wanda ya ba shi damar buga mukamai da yawa a makarantar sakandare, ciki har da mai tsaron harbi, ƙaramin mai gaba, da kuma mai ƙarfin gaba . == Aikin kwaleji == Wright ya shiga kakar wasa ta 2005–06 ga Kansas Jayhawks a matsayin sabon ɗan wasa na shekara na shekara a Babban Taron Big 12. Duk da cewa bai fara a farkon kakar wasa ba, ya yi sauri ya shiga cikin jerin 'yan wasan gaba masu tasowa. Kwarewarsa ta musamman sau da yawa ya ba shi damar cin kwallaye a raga saboda yadda ya doke 'yan wasan baya a filin wasa. Babban abin da ya fi daukar hankali a kakar wasa ta farko shi ne a kan Texas Longhorns a gasar Big 12 Tournament Championship lokacin da ya nuna alamar mamaki ga nasarar KU da kwallaye biyu masu ban mamaki a mintunan ƙarshe na wasan. A lokacin kakar wasa ta farko, Wright ya sami matsakaicin maki 8.5 a kowane wasa, amma an yaba masa sosai saboda iyawarsa na taimaka wa ƙungiyarsa ba tare da zura kwallaye ba. An sanya shi cikin ƙungiyar All- Big 12 ta gasar da kuma ƙungiyar All-Big 12 ta New York tare da sauran 'yan wasan Kansas Brandon Rush da Mario Chalmers . A lokacin gasar ta 2007, an sake sanya shi cikin ƙungiyar All-Tournament. Wright ya jawo hankalin ƙasa saboda wasan da ya buga da maki 33 a kan Missouri Tigers . Saboda wasansa a kakar wasa ta 2006-07, an nada Wright a matsayin ɗan wasa na uku na All-American ta Ƙungiyar Masu Horar da Kwando ta Ƙasa . Duk da kalaman da aka yi akasin haka, a ranar Litinin, 9 ga Afrilu, 2007, Wright ya sanar da cewa yana sa kansa ya cancanci shiga gasar NBA. Ya ɗauki wani wakili, wanda hakan ya sa bai cancanci komawa makaranta ba kafin a fara gasar. == Sana'ar ƙwararru == An zaɓi Wright a matsayin ɗan wasa na 13 a cikin jerin 'yan wasan NBA na 2007 ta hannun ƙungiyar New Orleans Hornets . A kakar wasansa ta farko a NBA, Wright ya sami matsakaicin maki 3.9 a kowane wasa da kuma 2.1 a kowane wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Julian Wright &#124; Toronto &#124; National Basketball Association &#124; Yahoo! Sports |url=https://sports.yahoo.com/nba/players/4291/ |website=sports.yahoo.com}}</ref> A ranar 26 ga Oktoba, 2009, Hornets ta zaɓi zaɓin kwangilar Wright na kakar 2010-11. <ref name="Hornets exercise">{{Cite web |title=Hornets exercise option on swingman Wright |url=http://www.nba.com/2009/news/10/26/hornets.wright.ap/index.html |website=[[NBA.com]]}}</ref> A ranar 11 ga Agusta, 2010, an sayar da Wright ga Toronto Raptors don Marco Belinelli . <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 11, 2010 |title=Raptors Acquire Wright From New Orleans |url=http://www.nba.com/raptors/news/wright_trade_081110.html |access-date=2010-08-12 |website=[[NBA.com]]}}</ref> Wright ya rattaba hannu da Austin Toros na NBA D-League a watan Fabrairun 2012. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Julian Wright joins the D-League; Paul Pierce, Mario Chalmers and Markieff Morris take part in All-Star Weekend &#124; 'Hawks in the NBA |url=http://www2.kusports.com/weblogs/hawks_nba/2012/feb/28/julian-wright-joins-the-d-league-paul-pi/ |website=KUsports.com}}</ref> A watan Oktoban 2012, Wright ya sanya hannu da Maccabi Rishon LeZion na Isra'ila. A watan Satumba na 2013, ya sanya hannu da Krasnye Krylia na VTB United League . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Krasnie Krilya adds Wright to their roster, ex Maccabi Rishon |url=http://basketball.eurobasket.com/Russia/news/331593 |access-date=September 5, 2013 |publisher=Eurobasket.com}}</ref> A ranar 16 ga Oktoba, 2014, ya sanya hannu da Panathinaikos na Gasar Girka . A ranar 31 ga Disamba, 2014, Panathinaikos ya yanke shawarar soke kwangilarsa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Panathinaikos, Julian Wright part ways |url=http://www.sportando.com/en/europe/greece/146923/panathinaikos-julian-wright-part-ways.html |website=Sportando}}</ref> A ranar 9 ga Janairu, 2015, ya sanya hannu da Bnei Herzliya na gasar Premier ta Isra'ila har tsawon kakar wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Bnei Herzliya signs Julian Wright and Deron Washington |url=http://www.sportando.com/en/europe/israel/147943/bnei-herzliya-signs-julian-wright-and-deron-washington.html |website=Sportando}}</ref> A shekarar 2014–15, shi ne babban mai zura kwallo a gasar Premier ta Isra'ila . A ranar 8 ga Yuni, ya sanya hannu da Cangrejeros de Santurce na Puerto Rico don sauran kakar BSN ta 2015. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Julian Wright signs with Cangrejeros de Santurce |url=http://www.sportando.com/en/world/america/163313/julian-wright-signs-with-cangrejeros-de-santurce.html |website=Sportando}}</ref> A ranar 4 ga Agusta, 2015, Wright ya koma ƙungiyar Dolomiti Energia Trento ta Italiya a gasar Serie A a kakar wasa ta 2015-16. <ref>{{Cite web |last=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=August 4, 2015 |title=Trento signs big man Wright |url=http://www.eurocupbasketball.com/eurocup/news/i/68wd8rabjdkcr5jd |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150808010237/http://www.eurocupbasketball.com/eurocup/news/i/68wd8rabjdkcr5jd |archive-date=August 8, 2015 |access-date=August 4, 2015 |website=[[Eurocup Basketball|EurocupBasketball]].com}}</ref> A ranar 21 ga Satumba, 2017, Pallacanestro Reggiana ya sanar da dawowar Wright. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Julian Wright returns to Pallacanestro Reggiana |url=http://www.sportando.com/en/italy/serie-a/247493/julian-wright-returns-to-pallacanestro-reggiana.html}}</ref> A ranar 30 ga Agusta, 2018, Wright ya rattaba hannu da Levallois Metropolitans a Faransa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 30, 2018 |title=Julian Wright signs with Levallois |url=https://www.eurohoops.net/en/proa/731318/julian-wright-signs-with-levallois/ |website=Eurohoops}}</ref> Duk da haka, a watan Fabrairun 2019, Wright ya bar Levallois bayan takaddama da ƙungiyar. Daga baya ya saka bidiyo a kan Linkedin yana bayanin halin da ake ciki. <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2019 |title=Julian Wright Publishes Video on Why He Left Levallois Metropolitans |url=https://www.ballersabroad.com/news/julian-wright-publishes-video-on-why-he-left-levallois-metropolitans |access-date=15 March 2019 |website=BallersAbroad.com}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga Satumba, 2020, Wright ya sanya hannu tare da Hsinchu Lioneers na P.League . A ranar 21 ga Disamba, 2021, Wright ya sanya hannu tare da Taichung Wagor Suns na T1 League . A ranar 25 ga Mayu, 2022, Kamfanin 3's ya zaɓi Wright a matsayin wanda aka zaɓa na biyar a cikin daftarin BIG3 na 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-05-26 |title=2022 BIG3 Draft Recap |url=https://big3.com/news/2022-big3-draft-recap/ |access-date=2022-05-29 |website=BIG3 |language=en-US}}</ref> === Lokacin yau da kullun === == Rayuwa ta sirri == Garinsa shine [[Chicago Heights|Chicago Heights, Illinois]] kuma ya halarci ajin makarantar sakandare ta Homewood-Flossmoor a shekarar 2005. Wright mai sha'awar wasan bowling ne, kuma Kansas City Star ta bayyana shi a matsayin wanda ya yi wasan bowling a Jay Bowl na Jami'ar Kansas "aƙalla dare ɗaya a mako". Yana da ƙwallon bowling da takalman bowling, waɗanda na ƙarshen su launuka ne masu launin shuɗi da ja. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bedore |first=Gary |date=17 July 2019 |title=Former KU fan favorite Julian Wright returns to Sprint Center on Saturday |url=https://www.kansascity.com/sports/college/big-12/university-of-kansas/article232767612.html |access-date=17 December 2022 |website=[[Kansas City Star]]}}</ref> == Lambobin yabo da abubuwan da suka fi daukar hankali == '''Makarantar Sakandare''' * McDonald's All-American ( 2005 ) * Kwallo ta Mr. ta Illinois ( 2005 ) '''NBA''' * Ya jagoranci gasar NBA ta 2008 a Steal Pct. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1987]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 5twlvky4r8v650sozda69gzlm0b2ps5 0 161018 878490 2026-07-07T12:30:45Z Arcdanumma047 38699 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1359365930|Kindergarten]]" 878490 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kindergarten''' {{Efn|The term is borrowed from [[German language|German]] and literally means "children-garden" or "garden of children".<ref>{{etymonline|kindergarten}}</ref> The term was coined in the metaphorical sense of "place where children can grow in a natural way", not in the literal sense of having a "garden". The German pronunciation is {{IPA|de|ˈkɪndɐˌɡaːɐ̯tn̩||GT Kindergarten deutsch.ogg}}.}} wata hanya ce ta koyar da yara a makarantun gaba da sakandare bisa ga wasa, [[Singing|waƙa]], ayyukan da suka shafi [[zane]], da hulɗar zamantakewa a matsayin wani ɓangare na sauyawa daga gida zuwa makaranta. An fara yin irin waɗannan makarantu a ƙarshen ƙarni na 18 a [[Jamus]] da Alsace don yi wa yara waɗanda iyayensu duka ke aiki a waje da gida hidima. Wani malamin Jamus Friedrich Fröbel ne ya ƙirƙiro wannan kalmar, wanda hanyarsa ta yi tasiri a duniya a fannin ilimin yara a farkon shekaru. A yau, ana amfani da wannan kalmar a ƙasashe da yawa don bayyana cibiyoyin ilimi daban-daban da wuraren koyo ga yara daga shekaru biyu zuwa shida, bisa ga hanyoyin koyarwa daban-daban. == Tarihi == [[Fayil:Max_Liebermann_Kleinkinderschule_in_Amsterdam_1880.jpg|thumb|Kindergarten a Amsterdam 1880, na Max Liebermann]] [[Fayil:Johann_Sperl_-_Kindergarten_(um_1885).jpg|thumb|Kindergarten, na Johann Sperl, kusan 1885]] === Bayani === A shekara ta 1779, Johann Friedrich Oberlin da Louise Scheppler sun kafa wata cibiya ta farko a [[Strasbourg]] don kula da kuma ilmantar da yaran makarantar renon yara waɗanda iyayensu ba sa nan da rana. A daidai lokacin, a shekara ta 1780, an ƙirƙiri irin waɗannan cibiyoyin jarirai a Bavaria . A shekara ta 1802, Gimbiya Pauline zur Lippe ta kafa cibiyar kula da yara a Detmold, babban birnin masarautar Lippe, Jamus (wanda yanzu ke cikin Jihar North Rhine-Westphalia ). A shekara ta 1816, Robert Owen, masanin falsafa kuma mai koyar da yara, ya buɗe makarantar farko ta jarirai ta Birtaniya kuma wataƙila a duniya baki ɗaya a New Lanark, Scotland. <ref name="vag75">{{Cite journal |last=Vag |first=Otto |date=March 1975 |title=The Influence of the English Infant School in Hungary |journal=International Journal of Early Childhood |publisher=Springer |volume=7 |issue=1 |pages=132–136 |doi=10.1007/bf03175934 |s2cid=145709106}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=New Lanark Kids |url=http://www.newlanark.org/kids/index2.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040222215408/http://www.newlanark.org/kids/index2.html |archive-date=22 February 2004}}</ref> <ref name="infed">{{Cite web |title=infed.org – Education in Robert Owen's new society: the New Lanark institute and schools |url=http://www.infed.org/thinkers/et-owen.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130123043141/http://www.infed.org/thinkers/et-owen.htm |archive-date=January 23, 2013 |access-date=December 23, 2009 |website=infed.org}}</ref> Tare da haɗin gwiwarsa na masana'antun haɗin gwiwa, Owen yana son a ba wa yaran ingantaccen ilimin ɗabi'a don su dace da aiki. Tsarinsa ya yi nasara wajen samar da yara masu biyayya waɗanda ke da [[Ilimin karatu|ilimin rubutu]] da [[Yawanci|lissafi]] na asali. <ref>{{Cite web |date=June 29, 2012 |title=Socialist – Courier: Robert Owen and New Lanark |url=http://socialist-courier.blogspot.co.uk/2012/06/robert-owen-and-new-lanark.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131023062306/http://socialist-courier.blogspot.co.uk/2012/06/robert-owen-and-new-lanark.html |archive-date=October 23, 2013 |access-date=November 27, 2013 |publisher=Socialist-courier.blogspot.co.uk}}</ref> Samuel Wilderspin ya buɗe makarantar jarirai ta farko a Landan a shekarar 1819, kuma ya ci gaba da kafa ɗaruruwan ɗalibai. Ya buga ayyuka da yawa kan wannan batu, kuma aikinsa ya zama abin koyi ga makarantun jarirai a Burtaniya da ma wasu wurare. Wasan kwaikwayo muhimmin ɓangare ne na tsarin ilimin Wilderspin. An yaba masa da ƙirƙirar filin wasa . A shekarar 1823, Wilderspin ya buga littafin ''On the Importance of Educationing the Infant Poor'', wanda ya dogara da makarantar. Ya fara aiki da Ƙungiyar Makarantar Jarirai a shekara mai zuwa, yana sanar da wasu game da ra'ayoyinsa. Ya kuma rubuta ''"The Infant System", don haɓaka ƙarfin jiki, tunani, da ɗabi'a na dukkan yara daga shekara 1 zuwa bakwai'' . Countess Theresa Brunszvik (1775-1861), wacce ta san kuma ta sami tasiri daga Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi, wannan misalin ya rinjayi ta don buɗe {{Lang|hu|Angyalkert}} ('lambun mala'ika' a harshen Hungary) a ranar 27 ga Mayu, 1828, a gidanta da ke [[Budapest|Buda]], cibiyar kulawa ta farko daga cikin cibiyoyi goma sha ɗaya da ta kafa don ƙananan yara. A shekara ta 1836 ta kafa wata cibiya don kafa cibiyoyin kula da yara ƙanana. Wannan ra'ayin ya shahara tsakanin manyan mutane da kuma matsakaicin aji kuma an kwafi shi a ko'ina cikin Masarautar Hungary . === Ƙirƙirar makarantar yara === [[Fayil:Frederick-Froebel-Bardeen.jpeg|right|thumb|Friedrich Fröbel yana ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa makarantun yara mafi tasiri, kuma ya ƙirƙira kalmar a shekarar 1840.]] Friedrich Fröbel (1782–1852) ya buɗe cibiyar "wasa da aiki" a shekarar 1837, a Bad Blankenburg, a masarautar Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt, a matsayin wata ƙwarewa ta gwaji ga yara da ke shiga makaranta. Ya sake wa makarantarsa suna zuwa ''{{Lang|de|Kindergarten}}'' (ma'ana "lambun yara") a ranar 28 ga Yuni, 1840, yana nuna imaninsa cewa ya kamata a kula da yara kuma a ciyar da su "kamar shuke-shuke a cikin lambu". Fröbel ya gabatar da yanayi na ilmantarwa inda yara za su iya haɓaka ta hanyar bayyana kansu da kuma [[Koyar da kai|koyo kai tsaye]], wanda aka sauƙaƙe ta hanyar wasa, waƙoƙi, labarai, da sauran ayyuka daban-daban; wannan ya bambanta da tsoffin wuraren jarirai, don haka Fröbel an yaba masa da ƙirƙirar makarantar yara. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Pioneers In Our Field: Friedrich Froebel – Founder of the First Kindergarten |url=http://www.scholastic.com/teachers/articles/teaching-content/pioneers-our-field-friedrich-froebel-founder-first-kindergarten/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201009133313/https://www.scholastic.com/teachers/articles/teaching-content/pioneers-our-field-friedrich-froebel-founder-first-kindergarten/ |archive-date=October 9, 2020 |access-date=March 5, 2020 |publisher=Scholastic Corporation}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Gutek |first=Gerald L. |title=Friedrich Froebel (1782–1852) |url=https://education.stateuniversity.com/pages/1999/Froebel-Friedrich-1782-1852.html |access-date=March 5, 2020 |website=StateUniversity.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Froebel: an introduction |url=https://www.froebel.ed.ac.uk/froebel-an-introduction/ |access-date=August 17, 2024 |publisher=University of Edinburgh}}</ref> A kusan 1873, ƙungiyar yara ta ƙasa a Jamus ta ɗauki hanyar Caroline Wiseneder don koyar da waƙoƙin kayan kida ga ƙananan yara. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Dolmetsch Online – Composers Biography W |url=https://www.dolmetsch.com/cdefsw.htm |access-date=2021-05-04 |website=www.dolmetsch.com}}</ref> A shekara ta 1840, malamar da ke da alaƙa da Emily Ronalds ita ce mace ta farko 'yar Birtaniya da ta yi nazarin tsarin Fröbel kuma ya ƙarfafa ta ta dasa ra'ayoyinta na makarantar renon yara a Ingila. <ref name="ERonalds1">{{Cite journal |last=Ronalds |first=B.F. |date=2023 |title=Emily Ronalds (1795–1889) and her Social Reform Work |journal=Transactions of the Unitarian Historical Society |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=81–95}}</ref> Daga baya, mata da Fröbel ta horar sun buɗe makarantun renon yara a duk faɗin Turai da kuma a duk faɗin duniya. An kafa makarantar renon yara ta farko a Amurka a Watertown, Wisconsin, a shekara ta 1856, kuma Margaretha Meyer-Schurz ta gudanar da ita da Jamusanci. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Watertown Historical Society |url=http://www.watertownhistory.org/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150621204210/http://www.watertownhistory.org/ |archive-date=June 21, 2015 |access-date=October 9, 2020}}</ref> Elizabeth Peabody ta kafa makarantar renon yara ta farko mai harshen Turanci a Amurka a shekarar 1860. An kafa makarantar renon yara ta farko kyauta a Amurka a shekarar 1870 ta hannun Conrad Poppenhusen, wani masanin masana'antu kuma mai taimakon jama'a na Jamus, wanda shi ma ya kafa Cibiyar Poppenhusen . An kafa makarantar renon yara ta farko da gwamnati ta ba da kuɗaɗen gwamnati a Amurka a [[St. Louis]] a shekarar 1873 ta hannun Susan Blow . Cocin Wesleyan Methodist ya buɗe makarantar yara ta farko mai zaman kanta a Kanada a Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, a shekarar 1870. A ƙarshen shekaru goma, sun zama ruwan dare a manyan garuruwa da biranen Kanada. A shekarar 1882, an kafa makarantun yara na farko na gwamnati a ƙasar a Berlin, Ontario ( Kitchener na zamani) a Makarantar Tsakiya . A shekarar 1885, Makarantar Normal ta Toronto (horon malamai) ta buɗe sashen koyar da yara na renon yara. <ref name="can-au-nz" /> Ƙungiyar renon yara ta Australiya ta bayyana a cikin shekaru goma na ƙarshe na ƙarni na sha tara a matsayin aikin agaji da ilimi. An kafa makarantar renon yara ta farko kyauta a Ostiraliya a cikin 1896 a [[Sydney|Sydney, New South Wales]], ta hannun Ƙungiyar Kindergarten ta NSW (yanzu KU Children's Services) ƙarƙashin jagorancin mai gyara [[Maybanke Anderson]] . Malamar makaranta 'yar Amurka Elizabeth Harrison ta yi rubutu sosai kan ka'idar ilimin yara ƙanana kuma ta yi aiki don haɓaka ƙa'idodin ilimi ga malaman makarantun renon yara ta hanyar kafa abin da ya zama Kwalejin Ilimi ta Ƙasa a shekarar 1886. == Ta ƙasa == === Afghanistan === [[Fayil:AF-kindergarten.jpg|frame|Ajin yara a Afghanistan]] A [[Afghanistan]], yara tsakanin shekaru uku zuwa shida suna zuwa makarantun yara ( Dari ; Pashto ) Duk da cewa makarantun yara a Afghanistan ba sa cikin tsarin makarantu, gwamnati ce ke kula da su sau da yawa. An fara gabatar da shirye-shiryen ci gaban yara a lokacin mamayar Soviet tare da kafa makarantun firamare 27 na birane a shekarar 1980. Adadin makarantun firamare ya karu sosai a shekarun 1980, inda ya kai kololuwa a shekarar 1990 tare da sama da 270 a Afghanistan. A lokacin da ya kai kololuwa, akwai malamai 2,300 da ke kula da yara sama da 21,000 a kasar. Waɗannan wurare sun kasance wani abu na birane, galibi a [[Kabul]], kuma an haɗa su da makarantu, ofisoshin gwamnati, ko masana'antu. Dangane da tsarin Soviet, waɗannan shirye-shiryen ci gaban yara sun samar da kula da yara, makarantar firamare, da makarantar firamare ga yara daga watanni uku zuwa shida a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Ma'aikatar Aiki da Jin Dadin Jama'a. [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] axgu0x8ovt258o49exg2fa9vlyg9mlv 878491 878490 2026-07-07T12:31:12Z Arcdanumma047 38699 878491 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kindergarten''' {{Efn|The term is borrowed from [[German language|German]] and literally means "children-garden" or "garden of children".<ref>{{etymonline|kindergarten}}</ref> The term was coined in the metaphorical sense of "place where children can grow in a natural way", not in the literal sense of having a "garden". The German pronunciation is {{IPA|de|ˈkɪndɐˌɡaːɐ̯tn̩||GT Kindergarten deutsch.ogg}}.}} wata hanya ce ta koyar da yara a makarantun gaba da sakandare bisa ga wasa, [[Singing|waƙa]], ayyukan da suka shafi [[zane]], da hulɗar zamantakewa a matsayin wani ɓangare na sauyawa daga gida zuwa makaranta. An fara yin irin waɗannan makarantu a ƙarshen ƙarni na 18 a [[Jamus]] da Alsace don yi wa yara waɗanda iyayensu duka ke aiki a waje da gida hidima. Wani malamin Jamus Friedrich Fröbel ne ya ƙirƙiro wannan kalmar, wanda hanyarsa ta yi tasiri a duniya a fannin ilimin yara a farkon shekaru. A yau, ana amfani da wannan kalmar a ƙasashe da yawa don bayyana cibiyoyin ilimi daban-daban da wuraren koyo ga yara daga shekaru biyu zuwa shida, bisa ga hanyoyin koyarwa daban-daban. == Tarihi == [[Fayil:Max_Liebermann_Kleinkinderschule_in_Amsterdam_1880.jpg|thumb|Kindergarten a Amsterdam 1880, na Max Liebermann]] [[Fayil:Johann_Sperl_-_Kindergarten_(um_1885).jpg|thumb|Kindergarten, na Johann Sperl, kusan 1885]] === Bayani === A shekara ta 1779, Johann Friedrich Oberlin da Louise Scheppler sun kafa wata cibiya ta farko a [[Strasbourg]] don kula da kuma ilmantar da yaran makarantar renon yara waɗanda iyayensu ba sa nan da rana. A daidai lokacin, a shekara ta 1780, an ƙirƙiri irin waɗannan cibiyoyin jarirai a Bavaria . A shekara ta 1802, Gimbiya Pauline zur Lippe ta kafa cibiyar kula da yara a Detmold, babban birnin masarautar Lippe, Jamus (wanda yanzu ke cikin Jihar North Rhine-Westphalia ). A shekara ta 1816, Robert Owen, masanin falsafa kuma mai koyar da yara, ya buɗe makarantar farko ta jarirai ta Birtaniya kuma wataƙila a duniya baki ɗaya a New Lanark, Scotland. <ref name="vag75">{{Cite journal |last=Vag |first=Otto |date=March 1975 |title=The Influence of the English Infant School in Hungary |journal=International Journal of Early Childhood |publisher=Springer |volume=7 |issue=1 |pages=132–136 |doi=10.1007/bf03175934 |s2cid=145709106}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=New Lanark Kids |url=http://www.newlanark.org/kids/index2.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040222215408/http://www.newlanark.org/kids/index2.html |archive-date=22 February 2004}}</ref> <ref name="infed">{{Cite web |title=infed.org – Education in Robert Owen's new society: the New Lanark institute and schools |url=http://www.infed.org/thinkers/et-owen.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130123043141/http://www.infed.org/thinkers/et-owen.htm |archive-date=January 23, 2013 |access-date=December 23, 2009 |website=infed.org}}</ref> Tare da haɗin gwiwarsa na masana'antun haɗin gwiwa, Owen yana son a ba wa yaran ingantaccen ilimin ɗabi'a don su dace da aiki. Tsarinsa ya yi nasara wajen samar da yara masu biyayya waɗanda ke da [[Ilimin karatu|ilimin rubutu]] da [[Yawanci|lissafi]] na asali. <ref>{{Cite web |date=June 29, 2012 |title=Socialist – Courier: Robert Owen and New Lanark |url=http://socialist-courier.blogspot.co.uk/2012/06/robert-owen-and-new-lanark.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131023062306/http://socialist-courier.blogspot.co.uk/2012/06/robert-owen-and-new-lanark.html |archive-date=October 23, 2013 |access-date=November 27, 2013 |publisher=Socialist-courier.blogspot.co.uk}}</ref> Samuel Wilderspin ya buɗe makarantar jarirai ta farko a Landan a shekarar 1819, kuma ya ci gaba da kafa ɗaruruwan ɗalibai. Ya buga ayyuka da yawa kan wannan batu, kuma aikinsa ya zama abin koyi ga makarantun jarirai a Burtaniya da ma wasu wurare. Wasan kwaikwayo muhimmin ɓangare ne na tsarin ilimin Wilderspin. An yaba masa da ƙirƙirar filin wasa . A shekarar 1823, Wilderspin ya buga littafin ''On the Importance of Educationing the Infant Poor'', wanda ya dogara da makarantar. Ya fara aiki da Ƙungiyar Makarantar Jarirai a shekara mai zuwa, yana sanar da wasu game da ra'ayoyinsa. Ya kuma rubuta ''"The Infant System", don haɓaka ƙarfin jiki, tunani, da ɗabi'a na dukkan yara daga shekara 1 zuwa bakwai'' . Countess Theresa Brunszvik (1775-1861), wacce ta san kuma ta sami tasiri daga Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi, wannan misalin ya rinjayi ta don buɗe {{Lang|hu|Angyalkert}} ('lambun mala'ika' a harshen Hungary) a ranar 27 ga Mayu, 1828, a gidanta da ke [[Budapest|Buda]], cibiyar kulawa ta farko daga cikin cibiyoyi goma sha ɗaya da ta kafa don ƙananan yara. A shekara ta 1836 ta kafa wata cibiya don kafa cibiyoyin kula da yara ƙanana. Wannan ra'ayin ya shahara tsakanin manyan mutane da kuma matsakaicin aji kuma an kwafi shi a ko'ina cikin Masarautar Hungary . === Ƙirƙirar makarantar yara === [[Fayil:Frederick-Froebel-Bardeen.jpeg|right|thumb|Friedrich Fröbel yana ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa makarantun yara mafi tasiri, kuma ya ƙirƙira kalmar a shekarar 1840.]] Friedrich Fröbel (1782–1852) ya buɗe cibiyar "wasa da aiki" a shekarar 1837, a Bad Blankenburg, a masarautar Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt, a matsayin wata ƙwarewa ta gwaji ga yara da ke shiga makaranta. Ya sake wa makarantarsa suna zuwa ''{{Lang|de|Kindergarten}}'' (ma'ana "lambun yara") a ranar 28 ga Yuni, 1840, yana nuna imaninsa cewa ya kamata a kula da yara kuma a ciyar da su "kamar shuke-shuke a cikin lambu". Fröbel ya gabatar da yanayi na ilmantarwa inda yara za su iya haɓaka ta hanyar bayyana kansu da kuma [[Koyar da kai|koyo kai tsaye]], wanda aka sauƙaƙe ta hanyar wasa, waƙoƙi, labarai, da sauran ayyuka daban-daban; wannan ya bambanta da tsoffin wuraren jarirai, don haka Fröbel an yaba masa da ƙirƙirar makarantar yara. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Pioneers In Our Field: Friedrich Froebel – Founder of the First Kindergarten |url=http://www.scholastic.com/teachers/articles/teaching-content/pioneers-our-field-friedrich-froebel-founder-first-kindergarten/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201009133313/https://www.scholastic.com/teachers/articles/teaching-content/pioneers-our-field-friedrich-froebel-founder-first-kindergarten/ |archive-date=October 9, 2020 |access-date=March 5, 2020 |publisher=Scholastic Corporation}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Gutek |first=Gerald L. |title=Friedrich Froebel (1782–1852) |url=https://education.stateuniversity.com/pages/1999/Froebel-Friedrich-1782-1852.html |access-date=March 5, 2020 |website=StateUniversity.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Froebel: an introduction |url=https://www.froebel.ed.ac.uk/froebel-an-introduction/ |access-date=August 17, 2024 |publisher=University of Edinburgh}}</ref> A kusan 1873, ƙungiyar yara ta ƙasa a Jamus ta ɗauki hanyar Caroline Wiseneder don koyar da waƙoƙin kayan kida ga ƙananan yara. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Dolmetsch Online – Composers Biography W |url=https://www.dolmetsch.com/cdefsw.htm |access-date=2021-05-04 |website=www.dolmetsch.com}}</ref> A shekara ta 1840, malamar da ke da alaƙa da Emily Ronalds ita ce mace ta farko 'yar Birtaniya da ta yi nazarin tsarin Fröbel kuma ya ƙarfafa ta ta dasa ra'ayoyinta na makarantar renon yara a Ingila. <ref name="ERonalds1">{{Cite journal |last=Ronalds |first=B.F. |date=2023 |title=Emily Ronalds (1795–1889) and her Social Reform Work |journal=Transactions of the Unitarian Historical Society |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=81–95}}</ref> Daga baya, mata da Fröbel ta horar sun buɗe makarantun renon yara a duk faɗin Turai da kuma a duk faɗin duniya. An kafa makarantar renon yara ta farko a Amurka a Watertown, Wisconsin, a shekara ta 1856, kuma Margaretha Meyer-Schurz ta gudanar da ita da Jamusanci. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Watertown Historical Society |url=http://www.watertownhistory.org/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150621204210/http://www.watertownhistory.org/ |archive-date=June 21, 2015 |access-date=October 9, 2020}}</ref> Elizabeth Peabody ta kafa makarantar renon yara ta farko mai harshen Turanci a Amurka a shekarar 1860. An kafa makarantar renon yara ta farko kyauta a Amurka a shekarar 1870 ta hannun Conrad Poppenhusen, wani masanin masana'antu kuma mai taimakon jama'a na Jamus, wanda shi ma ya kafa Cibiyar Poppenhusen . An kafa makarantar renon yara ta farko da gwamnati ta ba da kuɗaɗen gwamnati a Amurka a [[St. Louis]] a shekarar 1873 ta hannun Susan Blow . Cocin Wesleyan Methodist ya buɗe makarantar yara ta farko mai zaman kanta a Kanada a Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, a shekarar 1870. A ƙarshen shekaru goma, sun zama ruwan dare a manyan garuruwa da biranen Kanada. A shekarar 1882, an kafa makarantun yara na farko na gwamnati a ƙasar a Berlin, Ontario ( Kitchener na zamani) a Makarantar Tsakiya . A shekarar 1885, Makarantar Normal ta Toronto (horon malamai) ta buɗe sashen koyar da yara na renon yara. <ref name="can-au-nz" /> Ƙungiyar renon yara ta Australiya ta bayyana a cikin shekaru goma na ƙarshe na ƙarni na sha tara a matsayin aikin agaji da ilimi. An kafa makarantar renon yara ta farko kyauta a Ostiraliya a cikin 1896 a [[Sydney|Sydney, New South Wales]], ta hannun Ƙungiyar Kindergarten ta NSW (yanzu KU Children's Services) ƙarƙashin jagorancin mai gyara [[Maybanke Anderson]] . Malamar makaranta 'yar Amurka Elizabeth Harrison ta yi rubutu sosai kan ka'idar ilimin yara ƙanana kuma ta yi aiki don haɓaka ƙa'idodin ilimi ga malaman makarantun renon yara ta hanyar kafa abin da ya zama Kwalejin Ilimi ta Ƙasa a shekarar 1886. == Ta ƙasa == === Afghanistan === [[Fayil:AF-kindergarten.jpg|frame|Ajin yara a Afghanistan]] A [[Afghanistan]], yara tsakanin shekaru uku zuwa shida suna zuwa makarantun yara ( Dari ; Pashto ) Duk da cewa makarantun yara a Afghanistan ba sa cikin tsarin makarantu, gwamnati ce ke kula da su sau da yawa. An fara gabatar da shirye-shiryen ci gaban yara a lokacin mamayar Soviet tare da kafa makarantun firamare 27 na birane a shekarar 1980. Adadin makarantun firamare ya karu sosai a shekarun 1980, inda ya kai kololuwa a shekarar 1990 tare da sama da 270 a Afghanistan. A lokacin da ya kai kololuwa, akwai malamai 2,300 da ke kula da yara sama da 21,000 a kasar. Waɗannan wurare sun kasance wani abu na birane, galibi a [[Kabul]], kuma an haɗa su da makarantu, ofisoshin gwamnati, ko masana'antu. Dangane da tsarin Soviet, waɗannan shirye-shiryen ci gaban yara sun samar da kula da yara, makarantar firamare, da makarantar firamare ga yara daga watanni uku zuwa shida a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Ma'aikatar Aiki da Jin Dadin Jama'a. [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] ohy40p0q89yis3hycc4jp1np698e7m9 0 161019 878492 2026-07-07T12:31:55Z Arcdanumma047 38699 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1338654050|Double shift school]]" 878492 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Makarantar canja wuri biyu''' nau'in makaranta ce da ke aiki a jere biyu, inda ƙungiyar ɗalibai ɗaya ke cikin ginin da wuri da kuma ƙungiyar ɗalibai ta biyu daga baya. <ref name="unesco">{{Cite web |last=Bray |first=Mark |title=Double shift schooling: design and operation for cost-effectiveness |url=http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0016/001636/163606e.pdf |access-date=11 October 2011 |publisher=UNESCO}}</ref> Manufar makarantar canja wuri biyu ita ce ƙara yawan ɗaliban da za a iya koyarwa ba tare da an gina wani gini ba. Don guje wa cunkoson azuzuwan, makaranta na iya amfani da tsarin canja wuri biyu ba tare da rage ainihin lokacin karatun ɗalibi ba. == Manazarta == tvfzwq8n9qq9ygolny9eb8xgfkcf2dc 878493 878492 2026-07-07T12:32:17Z Arcdanumma047 38699 878493 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Makarantar canja wuri biyu''' nau'in makaranta ce da ke aiki a jere biyu, inda ƙungiyar ɗalibai ɗaya ke cikin ginin da wuri da kuma ƙungiyar ɗalibai ta biyu daga baya. <ref name="unesco">{{Cite web |last=Bray |first=Mark |title=Double shift schooling: design and operation for cost-effectiveness |url=http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0016/001636/163606e.pdf |access-date=11 October 2011 |publisher=UNESCO}}</ref> Manufar makarantar canja wuri biyu ita ce ƙara yawan ɗaliban da za a iya koyarwa ba tare da an gina wani gini ba. Don guje wa cunkoson azuzuwan, makaranta na iya amfani da tsarin canja wuri biyu ba tare da rage ainihin lokacin karatun ɗalibi ba. == Manazarta == bmofi83fc3ye8vdx0wkg4zd6hy6nqix 0 161020 878495 2026-07-07T12:46:13Z Saad Nuhu 43323 Sabon shafi: '''Femi Okurounmu''' an zaɓe shi a matsayin Sanata mai wakiltar Mazabar Sanatan Ogun ta Tsakiya a Jihar Ogun, Najeriya, a farkon Jamhuriya ta Huɗu ta Najeriya, a ƙarƙashin jam'iyyar Alliance for Democracy (AD). Ya riƙe wannan muƙami daga ranar 3 ga Yuni, 1999 zuwa 3 ga Yuni, 2003.<ref>http://psephos.adam-carr.net/countries/n/nigeria/nigerialeg2.txt</ref> Kafin hakan, Okurounmu ya yi aiki a matsayin Kwamishinan Ma'aikatar Ayyuka ta Jihar Ogun.<ref>http://nigeriaworld.com/... 878495 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Femi Okurounmu''' an zaɓe shi a matsayin Sanata mai wakiltar Mazabar Sanatan Ogun ta Tsakiya a Jihar Ogun, Najeriya, a farkon Jamhuriya ta Huɗu ta Najeriya, a ƙarƙashin jam'iyyar Alliance for Democracy (AD). Ya riƙe wannan muƙami daga ranar 3 ga Yuni, 1999 zuwa 3 ga Yuni, 2003.<ref>http://psephos.adam-carr.net/countries/n/nigeria/nigerialeg2.txt</ref> Kafin hakan, Okurounmu ya yi aiki a matsayin Kwamishinan Ma'aikatar Ayyuka ta Jihar Ogun.<ref>http://nigeriaworld.com/articles/2008/sep/161.html</ref> Bayan ya shiga Majalisar Dattawa a shekarar 1999, an naɗa shi mamba a kwamitocin Kasuwanci da Harkokin Tattalin Arziki.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20091118151316/http://www.nigeriacongress.org/assembly/committees1.htm</ref> Ya sake neman zaɓe a shekarar 2003, amma Alhaji Ibikunle Amosun na jam'iyyar People's Democratic Party (PDP) ya kayar da shi da ƙuri'u 111,920 yayin da shi ya samu ƙuri'u 52,390.<ref>http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/apr/14/043.html</ref> Daga baya an naɗa Okurounmu a matsayin Sakatare Janar na ƙungiyar zamantakewa da siyasa ta Yarabawa mai suna Afenifere. A watan Janairun 2005, ya kasance shugaban kwamitin dabaru da shirye-shirye na wani taro da ya haɗa shugabannin Afenifere da na Yoruba Council of Elders, waɗanda suka kasance cikin saɓani tun daga shekarar 1999.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20090105202528/http://www.odili.net/news/source/2005/jan/24/1.html</ref> A wani zaman sauraron ra'ayoyin jama'a da aka gudanar a watan Fabrairun 2006 kan yiwuwar gyaran kundin tsarin mulki domin bai wa Shugaba Olusegun Obasanjo damar yin wa'adi na uku, Okurounmu ya gabatar da matsayin ɓangaren Afenifere da Cif Reuben Fasoranti ke jagoranta. Ya bayyana cewa ya kamata ƙasar ta ci gaba da tsarin wa'adi biyu na shekaru huɗu-huɗu ga shugaban ƙasa.<ref>http://odili.net/news/source/2006/feb/27/403.html</ref> Haka kuma, ya nesanta al'ummar Yarabawa daga shirin neman wa'adi na uku na Obasanjo, yana mai cewa wannan ra'ayi na shugaban ƙasa ne da jam'iyyar PDP.<ref>http://odili.net/news/source/2006/feb/27/439.html</ref> A watan Yulin 2008, Okurounmu ya danganta rikice-rikicen da suka faru a yankin Kudu maso Yammacin Najeriya da siyasar son kai da neman ɗaukaka kai, inda ya ce wasu 'yan siyasa suna neman mulki ne kawai domin biyan bukatunsu na kansu.<ref>http://www.sunnewsonline.com/webpages/features/powergame/2008/jul/20/powergame-20-07-2008-004.htm</ref> A watan Janairun 2009, ya bayyana cewa membobcin Afenifere a buɗe yake ga kowa, ba tare da la'akari da jam'iyyar siyasar da mutum yake bi ba, muddin yana goyon bayan manufofi da akidar Afenifere da ta Awolowo.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20100106230708/http://www.sunnewsonline.com/webpages/features/powergame/2009/jan/25/powergame-25-01-2009-001.htm</ref> A watan Mayun 2010, ya soki tsarin rabon shugabancin ƙasa na jam'iyyar PDP, wanda ke ba yankunan Arewa da Kudu damar yin musayar shugabancin ƙasa bayan wa'adi biyu. Ya bayyana tsarin a matsayin wanda ba shi da ma'ana, tare da goyon bayan hakkin Goodluck Jonathan na sake neman zaɓe.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20100106230708/http://www.sunnewsonline.com/webpages/features/powergame/2009/jan/25/powergame-25-01-2009-001.htm</ref> A watan Janairun 2010, Okurounmu, wanda yake matsayin '''Baba Ijo''' (uban ikilisiya) na Cocin Anglican na St. Paul da ke Sodubi, Abeokuta, an ruwaito cewa ya jagoranci adawar wasu dattawan cocin ga limamin cocin. Wasu fusatattun matasa sun rufe ƙofofin cocin domin hana masu ibada halartar ibadar ranar Lahadi, har ma suka yi barazanar kai masa hari. Sai da jami'an 'yan sanda guda 15 suka shiga tsakani domin hana lamarin rikidewa zuwa tashin hankali.<ref> <nowiki>{{Cite news On 1 October 2013, President Goodluck Jonathan appointed Femi Okurounmu the head of an advisory committee to prepare for a National Dialogue. |title=Anglican Church crisis: Okurounmu escapes lynching |date=10 JANUARY 2010 |author=KUNLE OLAYENI |work=Nigerian Compass</nowiki> </ref> == Manazarta == 5ue990fmaes8yc6yk39ho517lyir0jt 878496 878495 2026-07-07T12:48:51Z Saad Nuhu 43323 878496 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person |name = Femi Okurounmu |image = |office1 = Senator for Ogun Central |term_start1 = 3 June 1999 |term_end1 = 3 June 2003 |predecessor1 = |successor1 = [[Ibikunle Amosun]] |birth_date = |birth_place = [[Ogun State]], [[Nigeria]] |alma_mater = {{plainlist| *[[Harvard University]] *[[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]] }} |death_date = |party = }} '''Femi Okurounmu''' an zaɓe shi a matsayin Sanata mai wakiltar Mazabar Sanatan Ogun ta Tsakiya a Jihar Ogun, Najeriya, a farkon Jamhuriya ta Huɗu ta Najeriya, a ƙarƙashin jam'iyyar Alliance for Democracy (AD). Ya riƙe wannan muƙami daga ranar 3 ga Yuni, 1999 zuwa 3 ga Yuni, 2003.<ref>http://psephos.adam-carr.net/countries/n/nigeria/nigerialeg2.txt</ref> Kafin hakan, Okurounmu ya yi aiki a matsayin Kwamishinan Ma'aikatar Ayyuka ta Jihar Ogun.<ref>http://nigeriaworld.com/articles/2008/sep/161.html</ref> Bayan ya shiga Majalisar Dattawa a shekarar 1999, an naɗa shi mamba a kwamitocin Kasuwanci da Harkokin Tattalin Arziki.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20091118151316/http://www.nigeriacongress.org/assembly/committees1.htm</ref> Ya sake neman zaɓe a shekarar 2003, amma Alhaji Ibikunle Amosun na jam'iyyar People's Democratic Party (PDP) ya kayar da shi da ƙuri'u 111,920 yayin da shi ya samu ƙuri'u 52,390.<ref>http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/apr/14/043.html</ref> Daga baya an naɗa Okurounmu a matsayin Sakatare Janar na ƙungiyar zamantakewa da siyasa ta Yarabawa mai suna Afenifere. A watan Janairun 2005, ya kasance shugaban kwamitin dabaru da shirye-shirye na wani taro da ya haɗa shugabannin Afenifere da na Yoruba Council of Elders, waɗanda suka kasance cikin saɓani tun daga shekarar 1999.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20090105202528/http://www.odili.net/news/source/2005/jan/24/1.html</ref> A wani zaman sauraron ra'ayoyin jama'a da aka gudanar a watan Fabrairun 2006 kan yiwuwar gyaran kundin tsarin mulki domin bai wa Shugaba Olusegun Obasanjo damar yin wa'adi na uku, Okurounmu ya gabatar da matsayin ɓangaren Afenifere da Cif Reuben Fasoranti ke jagoranta. Ya bayyana cewa ya kamata ƙasar ta ci gaba da tsarin wa'adi biyu na shekaru huɗu-huɗu ga shugaban ƙasa.<ref>http://odili.net/news/source/2006/feb/27/403.html</ref> Haka kuma, ya nesanta al'ummar Yarabawa daga shirin neman wa'adi na uku na Obasanjo, yana mai cewa wannan ra'ayi na shugaban ƙasa ne da jam'iyyar PDP.<ref>http://odili.net/news/source/2006/feb/27/439.html</ref> A watan Yulin 2008, Okurounmu ya danganta rikice-rikicen da suka faru a yankin Kudu maso Yammacin Najeriya da siyasar son kai da neman ɗaukaka kai, inda ya ce wasu 'yan siyasa suna neman mulki ne kawai domin biyan bukatunsu na kansu.<ref>http://www.sunnewsonline.com/webpages/features/powergame/2008/jul/20/powergame-20-07-2008-004.htm</ref> A watan Janairun 2009, ya bayyana cewa membobcin Afenifere a buɗe yake ga kowa, ba tare da la'akari da jam'iyyar siyasar da mutum yake bi ba, muddin yana goyon bayan manufofi da akidar Afenifere da ta Awolowo.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20100106230708/http://www.sunnewsonline.com/webpages/features/powergame/2009/jan/25/powergame-25-01-2009-001.htm</ref> A watan Mayun 2010, ya soki tsarin rabon shugabancin ƙasa na jam'iyyar PDP, wanda ke ba yankunan Arewa da Kudu damar yin musayar shugabancin ƙasa bayan wa'adi biyu. Ya bayyana tsarin a matsayin wanda ba shi da ma'ana, tare da goyon bayan hakkin Goodluck Jonathan na sake neman zaɓe.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20100106230708/http://www.sunnewsonline.com/webpages/features/powergame/2009/jan/25/powergame-25-01-2009-001.htm</ref> A watan Janairun 2010, Okurounmu, wanda yake matsayin '''Baba Ijo''' (uban ikilisiya) na Cocin Anglican na St. Paul da ke Sodubi, Abeokuta, an ruwaito cewa ya jagoranci adawar wasu dattawan cocin ga limamin cocin. Wasu fusatattun matasa sun rufe ƙofofin cocin domin hana masu ibada halartar ibadar ranar Lahadi, har ma suka yi barazanar kai masa hari. Sai da jami'an 'yan sanda guda 15 suka shiga tsakani domin hana lamarin rikidewa zuwa tashin hankali.<ref> <nowiki>{{Cite news On 1 October 2013, President Goodluck Jonathan appointed Femi Okurounmu the head of an advisory committee to prepare for a National Dialogue. |title=Anglican Church crisis: Okurounmu escapes lynching |date=10 JANUARY 2010 |author=KUNLE OLAYENI |work=Nigerian Compass</nowiki> </ref> == Manazarta == gsc5ge12vmung2kt5avmfh1es4j4b0k 0 161021 878497 2026-07-07T12:52:20Z Lilovic 46646 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1362889707|Keke Palmer]]" 878497 wikitext text/x-wiki {{See also|List of awards and nominations received by Keke Palmer}}'''Lauren Keyana''' '''"Keke"''' '''Palmer''' (/ˈkiːki/ KEE-kee; <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 8, 2021 |title=Bear Witness, Take Action 3 Compilation &#124; YouTube Originals |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C67mieagwZ4 |access-date=November 4, 2022 |via=YouTube}}</ref> an haife ta a ranar 26 ga watan Agusta, 1993) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Amurka, mawaƙa, kuma mai watsa shirye-shiryen talabijin. Ta sami kyaututtuka da yawa, ciki har da lambar yabo ta Primetime Emmy guda biyu da kuma gabatarwa don lambar yabo ta Daytime Emmy da kuma lambar yabo ta Screen Actors Guild . Mujallar Time ta haɗa ta a cikin jerin sunayen [[Time 100|Mutanen da suka fi tasiri a duniya]] a cikin 2019. Palmer ta fara fim dinta tun tana yarinya tare da rawar da ta taka a fina-finai na Barbershop 2: Back in Business da The Wool Cap (duka 2004), <ref name="today-5things">{{Cite web |last=Newcomb |first=Alyssa |date=August 30, 2020 |title=Here are 5 things you need to know about this year's VMAs host Keke Palmer |url=https://www.today.com/popculture/who-keke-palmer-5-things-you-need-know-about-year-t190481 |access-date=June 21, 2021 |website=[[Today (American TV program)|Today]]}}</ref> kafin ta sami rawar da ta samu a matsayin Akeelah Anderson a fim din wasan kwaikwayo ''Akeelah da Bee'' (2006). Ayyukanta sun ci gaba da rawar da ta taka a fina-finai kamar Madea's Family Reunion (2006), Jump In! (2007), The ''Longshots'' (2008), da Shrink (2009), da kuma sakin kundi na farko na studio So Uncool (2007). Ta tashi zuwa shahararriya a [[Nickelodeon]], tana taka rawar gani a cikin sitcom True Jackson, VP (2008-2011), tana ba da muryar Aisha a farfadowa Winx Club (2011-2014), da kuma gabatar da fim din talabijin ''Rags'' (2012). Palmer ta sauya zuwa matsayi na al'ada tare da fim din tarihin VH1 CrazySexyCool: The TLC Story (2013), kuma daga baya ta fara bugawa Broadway a matsayin Ella a cikin Rodgers + Hammerstein's Cinderella (2014-2015). Tun daga lokacin ta fito a cikin jerin abubuwan ban tsoro na Fox Scream Queens (2015-2016), jerin wasan kwaikwayo na Epix Berlin Station (2017-2019), da kuma jerin slasher Scream (2019). Matsayinta na fim sun hada da Animal (2014), Pimp (2018), Hustlers (2019), Nope (2022), da One of Them Days (2025), tare da biyun da suka gabata sun sami kulawa mai mahimmanci.[1] Har ila yau, a cikin 2020s, ta fIta da wasu kundin studio guda biyu. Baya ga yin wasan kwaikwayo, Palmer ta dauki bakuncin shirye-shiryen tattaunawa Just Keke (2014) da ''Strahan, Sara da Keke'' (2019-2020), da kuma wasan kwaikwayo Password tun 2022. Ta ƙaddamar da KeyTV Network, dandalin abubuwan nishaɗi na kan layi, a cikin 2021, kuma ta saki littafinta na biyu, Master of Me, wani tarihin haɗari da jagorar taimakon kai, a cikin 2024. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Dickson |first=E.J. |date=January 14, 2025 |title=Keke Palmer's Greatest Role Is Herself |url=https://www.thecut.com/article/keke-palmer-one-of-them-days-interview.html}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Lauren Keyana Palmer a ranar 26 ga watan Agusta, 1993, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Jocelyn |date=September 12, 2019 |title=Keke Palmer, Who Once Played a Child Vice President, Does Not Know Who Dick Cheney Is |url=https://www.wmagazine.com/story/keke-palmer-doesnt-know-dick-cheney/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190913030828/https://www.wmagazine.com/story/keke-palmer-doesnt-know-dick-cheney |archive-date=September 13, 2019 |access-date=September 11, 2020 |website=[[W (magazine)|W]]}}</ref> a Harvey, Illinois, kuma an haife ta ne a kusa da Robbins, Illinois. <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 17, 2020 |title=Celebrity birthdays for the week of Aug. 23–29 |url=https://apnews.com/5e8547864259dd4d3f8965b1ebea2eda |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200817132114/https://apnews.com/5e8547864259dd4d3f8965b1ebea2eda |archive-date=August 17, 2020 |access-date=September 11, 2020 |publisher=[[Associated Press]]}}</ref> Ta girma a dikon iyalin [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]].<ref name="ChristianFaith">{{Cite web |last=Christine Thomasos |date=October 2015 |title=Actress Keke Palmer Says Faith Saves Her From Plastic Surgery |url=https://www.christianpost.com/news/actress-keke-palmer-faith-saves-her-from-plastic-surgery.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161125110931/http://www.christianpost.com/news/actress-keke-palmer-faith-saves-her-from-plastic-surgery-147871/ |archive-date=November 25, 2016 |access-date=February 24, 2022 |website=[[The Christian Post]]}} Retrieved November 2016</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Friedl |first=Whitney |last2=er |date=January 30, 2017 |title=How Keke Palmer Survived the Anxiety That Comes With Childhood Stardom |url=https://www.cosmopolitan.com/entertainment/books/a8653475/keke-palmer-book-interview/ |access-date=September 21, 2021 |website=Cosmopolitan}}</ref> Iyayenta, Sharon da Lawrence "Larry" Palmer, waɗanda suka haɗu a makarantar wasan kwaikwayo, dukansu sun yi aiki a matsayin masu wasan kwaikwayo na ƙwararru kafin su zauna a cikin ayyukan cikakken lokaci. Mahaifinta, wanda shi ne mai hidima na Katolika, yana aiki ne ga kamfanin polyurethane. Mahaifiyarta malamar makarantar sakandare ce wacce ke aiki tare da yara masu cutar autism.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Estevez |first=Marjua |date=February 3, 2017 |title=The Gag Is… Keke Palmer Is The Soul Author Of Her Truest Gospel |url=https://www.vibe.com/features/editorial/keke-palmer-cover-story-481245/ |access-date=September 21, 2021 |website=VIBE.com}}</ref> Sunan laƙabi "Keke" ba taƙaitacciyar "Keyana" ba ce: a cewar Palmer, sunanta ya fito ne saboda 'yar'uwarta, Loreal, tana da aboki mai suna Keke kafin a haife ta. A wata hira da Glamour a 2022, Palmer ta ce ta fi son zuwa Lauren kuma ta ce za ta so a kira ta da sunanta "fiye da komai".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Reed |first=Sam |date=July 13, 2022 |title=Actually, Keke Palmer Prefers Her Real Name |url=https://www.glamour.com/story/keke-palmer-prefers-her-real-name |access-date=February 1, 2025 |website=[[Glamour (magazine)|Glamour]]}}</ref> Palmer ya fara raira waƙa a cikin coci kuma ya yi a wani mataki a wurin yawon bude ido na Chicago. A shekara ta 2002, ta yi gwaji don samar da mataki na The Lion King tana da shekaru tara. == Ayyuka == [[Fayil:Keke_Palmer.jpg|alt=|thumb|Palmer yana yin wasan kwaikwayo a watan Maris na shekara ta 2008]] A shekara ta 2004, PalmER ta sami rawar fim dinta ta farko a cikin Barbershop 2: Back in Business . A shekara ta 2005, ta sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar rikodin tare da Atlantic Records . A wannan shekarar, an nuna ta a fim din talabijin na Knights of the South Bronx, da kuma fitowa a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin Second Time Around da ER . A wannan shekarar, furodusa Ralph Farquhar ya taimaka wa Palmer ya taka rawar gani a cikin matukin jirgi na Disney Channel mai taken Keke da Jamal . Ba a karɓi matukin jirgi ba, kuma ba a taɓa watsa shi ba.[1] A shekara ta 2006, Palmer ta sami nasarar yin wasan kwaikwayo a fim din ''Akeelah da Bee'', tana wasa da Akeelah, mai shekaru 11 mai haske wanda ya fito daga unguwar matalauta kuma yana gasa a cikin Scripps National Spelling Bee . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkes |first=Howard |date=May 6, 2006 |title=Keke Palmer on Bee-ing 'Akeelah' |url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=5388881 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729180550/http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=5388881 |archive-date=July 29, 2014 |access-date=June 21, 2014 |publisher=[[NPR]]}}</ref> Moira Macdonald na ''The Seattle Times'' ya rubuta cewa Palmer "ya yi jarumi mai ban sha'awa".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Macdonald |first=Moira |date=April 28, 2006 |title="Akeelah and the Bee": Young star casts quite a spell in busy, busy "Bee" |url=https://archive.seattletimes.com/archive/?slug=akeelah28&date=20060428 |access-date=November 2, 2020 |website=[[The Seattle Times]]}}</ref> Don rawar, ta lashe lambar yabo ta Black Reel da NAACP Image Award.<ref>{{Cite web |date=July 29, 2014 |title=38th annual NAACP Image Awards winners |url=http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/life/people/2007-03-03-naacp-winners-list_N.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729182142/http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/life/people/2007-03-03-naacp-winners-list_N.htm |archive-date=July 29, 2014 |access-date=September 16, 2020 |website=USA Today}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=BSR |date=December 19, 2006 |title=Black Reel Award nominations |url=https://arktimes.com/the-moviegoer/2006/12/18/black-reel-award-nominations |access-date=September 16, 2020 |website=[[Arkansas Times]]}}</ref> Ta kuma taka rawar gani a fim din 2006 Madea's Family Reunion . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Keke Palmer Movies |url=http://www.blockbuster.com/browse/catalog/personDetails/381303 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005185613/http://www.blockbuster.com/browse/catalog/personDetails/381303 |archive-date=October 5, 2013 |access-date=August 10, 2013 |website=blockbuster.com}}</ref> A shekara mai zuwa, Palmer ya bayyana a cikin mai ban tsoro Cleaner . Ta taka muhimmiyar rawa a fim din talabijin na Jump In!. Palmer ya kuma fito a cikin shirye-shiryen talabijin guda biyu Tyler Perry's House of Payne da Just Jordan .<ref>{{Cite web |last=Garron |first=Barry |date=January 21, 2007 |title=TV review: Disney Channel's Jump In! |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/review-television-jump-dc/tv-review-disney-channels-jump-in-idUSN1234304420070113 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200911084911/https://www.reuters.com/article/review-television-jump-dc/tv-review-disney-channels-jump-in-idUSN1234304420070113 |archive-date=September 11, 2020 |access-date=September 11, 2020 |publisher=[[Reuters]]}}</ref> Palmer ta fitar da kundi na farko So Uncool a ranar 18 ga Satumba, 2007. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kellman |first=Andy |title=So Uncool – Keke Palmer {{!}} Songs, Reviews, Credits |url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/so-uncool-mw0000486461 |access-date=November 2, 2020 |publisher=[[AllMusic]]}}</ref> Kundin ya kasance a lamba 86 a kan US ''Billboard'' Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums chart. A shekara ta 2008, Palmer ta fara rawar da ta taka a matsayin mai taken a cikin [[Nickelodeon]] sitcom True Jackson, VP . Palmer ya kuma rubuta kuma ya yi waƙar taken don jerin. Palmer ta sami $ 20,000 a kowane labari na True Jackson, VP, wanda ya sanya ta ta zama ta huɗu mafi girma a talabijin.<ref name="Popeater">{{Cite web |date=May 10, 2010 |title=TV's Highest-Paid Kid Actors (Surprise! Miley Cyrus Isn't No. 1) |url=http://www.popeater.com/2010/05/10/tvs-richest-kids/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100512135745/http://www.popeater.com/2010/05/10/tvs-richest-kids/ |archive-date=May 12, 2010 |access-date=November 26, 2012 |publisher=PopEater.com}}</ref> A watan Yulin 2009, mai zanen Jane Siskin ya kirkiro layin salon Walmart wanda True Jackson, VP ya yi wahayi zuwa gare shi, tare da duk kayayyaki da Palmer ya amince da su.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dhalwala |first=Shruti |date=August 19, 2009 |title=Keke Palmer Launches True Jackson Clothing Line for Walmart |url=https://people.com/style/keke-palmer-launches-true-jackson-clothing-line-for-walmart/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121116021641/http://stylenews.peoplestylewatch.com/2009/08/19/keke-palmer-launches-true-jackson-clothing-line-for-walmart/ |archive-date=November 16, 2012 |access-date=February 24, 2022 |website=People}}</ref> Ta kuma taka muhimmiyar rawa a fim din 2008 The ''Longshots'' .<ref>{{Cite web |last=Neumaier |first=Joe |date=August 21, 2008 |title=Ice Cube's 'Longshots' is a heartwarmer |url=https://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/tv-movies/ice-cube-longshots-heartwarmer-article-1.317033 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190506152345/https://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/tv-movies/ice-cube-longshots-heartwarmer-article-1.317033 |archive-date=May 6, 2019 |access-date=September 11, 2020 |website=[[New York Daily News]]}}</ref> Gaskiya Jackson, VP ya ƙare a shekara ta 2011.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gemmill |first=Allie |date=April 22, 2020 |title=Keke Palmer Hinted at a "True Jackson V.P." Reboot on TikTok |url=https://www.teenvogue.com/story/keke-palmer-true-jackson-vp-reboot-tiktok |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200422211149/https://www.teenvogue.com/story/keke-palmer-true-jackson-vp-reboot-tiktok |archive-date=April 22, 2020 |access-date=September 11, 2020 |website=[[Teen Vogue]]}}</ref> === Shekaru na 2010 === Palmer debuted as the voice of Aisha in Nickelodeon's revival of ''Winx Club''. She received an NAACP Image Award nomination for her voiceover work.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Couch |first=Aaron |date=February 1, 2013 |title=2013 Image Winners |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/naacp-image-awards-winners-announced-417553/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201043817/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/naacp-image-awards-winners-announced-417553 |archive-date=December 1, 2017 |access-date=February 24, 2022 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> In 2012, Palmer starred in the film ''Joyful Noise'', released in January 2012. She produced and starred in ''Rags'', a television musical film, as well as voiced Peaches in ''Ice Age: Continental Drift''.<ref>{{Cite web |date=January 11, 2011 |title=Keke Palmer Plots Strong 2011 With TV, Film, Music and Animations |url=http://www.singersroom.com/news/6672/Keke-Palmer-Plots-Strong-2011-With-TV-Film-Music-and-Animations |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716073552/http://www.singersroom.com/news/6672/Keke-Palmer-Plots-Strong-2011-With-TV-Film-Music-and-Animations |archive-date=July 16, 2011 |access-date=November 26, 2012 |publisher=Singersroom}}</ref> In July 2012, Palmer released the single "You Got Me" featuring Kevin McCall. The video for the single was released on July 11, 2012.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Video: Keke Palmer f/ Kevin McCall – 'You Got Me' |url=http://www.rap-up.com/2012/07/11/video-keke-palmer-f-kevin-mccall-you-got-me/#more-129552 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121216182700/http://www.rap-up.com/2012/07/11/video-keke-palmer-f-kevin-mccall-you-got-me/#more-129552 |archive-date=December 16, 2012 |access-date=November 26, 2012 |publisher=Rap-Up}}</ref> She released a self-titled mixtape ''Keke Palmer'' on October 1, 2012.<ref>{{Cite web |date=September 26, 2012 |title=Exclusive Preview: Keke Palmer Reveals Self-Titled Mixtape Snippets |url=http://www.thisisrnb.com/2012/09/exclusive-preview-keke-palmer-reveals-self-titled-mixtape-snippets/#more-47217 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121030143618/http://www.thisisrnb.com/2012/09/exclusive-preview-keke-palmer-reveals-self-titled-mixtape-snippets/#more-47217 |archive-date=October 30, 2012 |access-date=November 26, 2012 |publisher=Thisisrnb}}</ref> In 2013, Palmer portrayed Rozonda "Chilli" Thomas in the TLC biopic, ''CrazySexyCool: The TLC Story'',<ref>{{Cite web |date=February 19, 2013 |title=CrazySexyCool: The TLC Story Cast Member – Keke Palmer |url=http://www.vh1.com/shows/crazysexycool_tlc_story/cast_member.jhtml?personalityId=16242 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131023144346/http://www.vh1.com/shows/crazysexycool_tlc_story/cast_member.jhtml?personalityId=16242 |archive-date=October 23, 2013 |access-date=October 18, 2013 |publisher=VH1}}</ref> which aired in October on VH1. In 2014, she starred in the horror film ''Animal'', which was released on June 17. Palmer then recurred during the second season of Showtime's drama series ''Masters of Sex'', portraying Coral, a nanny.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ng |first=Philiana |date=March 12, 2014 |title=Keke Palmer Joins 'Masters of Sex' |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/tv/tv-news/keke-palmer-joins-masters-sex-687960/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140609102319/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/keke-palmer-joins-masters-sex-687960 |archive-date=June 9, 2014 |access-date=February 24, 2022}}</ref> That same year, Palmer hosted a daytime talk show on BET titled ''Just Keke''. In doing so, she became one of the youngest talk show hosts in television history; the show itself has been regarded as "groundbreaking" and "refreshing".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Callender |first=Samantha |date=July 17, 2014 |title=Keke Palmer makes history as youngest TV talk show host |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/college/2014/07/17/keke-palmer-makes-history-as-youngest-tv-talk-show-host/37392829/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190829013055/https://www.usatoday.com/story/college/2014/07/17/keke-palmer-makes-history-as-youngest-tv-talk-show-host/37392829/ |archive-date=August 29, 2019 |access-date=September 11, 2020 |website=[[USA Today]]}}</ref> In September 2014, Palmer became the first African American to star as the title character in the musical ''Cinderella'' on Broadway.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Miller |first=Julie |date=August 4, 2014 |title=Keke Palmer on Becoming Broadway's First African-American Cinderella |url=https://www.vanityfair.com/vf-hollywood/keke-palmer-cinderella-broadway |url-status=live |journal=[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150203031311/http://www.vanityfair.com/vf-hollywood/keke-palmer-cinderella-broadway |archive-date=February 3, 2015 |access-date=April 17, 2020}}</ref> She performed her final show during the closing night of the show's run on January 4, 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Butler |first=Karen |date=January 4, 2015 |title='Cinderella' starring Keke Palmer and NeNe Leakes closes on Broadway |url=https://www.upi.com/Entertainment_News/2015/01/04/Cinderella-starring-Keke-Palmer-and-NeNe-Leakes-closes-on-Broadway/4621420377598/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160204180737/http://www.upi.com/Entertainment_News/2015/01/04/Cinderella-starring-Keke-Palmer-and-NeNe-Leakes-closes-on-Broadway/4621420377598/ |archive-date=February 4, 2016 |access-date=September 11, 2020 |publisher=[[United Press International]]}}</ref> Later that year, Palmer announced that she had signed with [[Island Records]]. Tsakanin Satumba 2015 da Disamba 2016, ta fito a matsayin Zayday Williams a cikin jerin wasan kwaikwayo masu ban tsoro Scream Queens, wanda Ryan Murphy ya kirkira.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ruth |first=Wolfgang |date=December 27, 2019 |title=Now We Scream: Ryan Murphy's Camp, Queer Decade |url=https://www.papermag.com/ryan-murphy-tv-shows-2010s-2642244401.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191227211401/https://www.papermag.com/ryan-murphy-tv-shows-2010s-2642244401.html |archive-date=December 27, 2019 |access-date=September 11, 2020 |website=[[Paper (magazine)|Paper]]}}</ref> A watan Janairun 2016, Palmer ta fito a matsayin Marty Maraschino a cikin talabijin na musamman Grease: Live . Brittany Spanos na Rolling Stone ya ɗauki aikin Palmer "mai ban sha'awa" kuma ya nuna cewa ta "tsayawa, amincewa da jin dadi". A watan Yuni, Palmer ta saki Waited to Exhale, wani kundin da ta rubuta a lokacin da take kan True Jackson, VP wanda ba a sake shi ba saboda matsalolin lakabi da kuma "damuwa".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Puckett |first=Lily |date=June 28, 2016 |title=Keke Palmer Opens Up About Her Struggles with Depression and Anxiety |url=https://www.teenvogue.com/story/keke-palmer-depression-anxiety-waited-to-exhale-album |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170911191529/http://www.teenvogue.com/story/keke-palmer-depression-anxiety-waited-to-exhale-album |archive-date=September 11, 2017 |access-date=September 11, 2020 |website=[[Teen Vogue]]}}</ref> A ranar 4 ga watan Nuwamba, Palmer ta fitar da wasan kwaikwayo na biyu, mai taken ''Lauren'', tare da gajeren fim na minti 17 na wannan sunan da aka saki kawai a shafin yanar gizon ''Billboard''. A cikin 2017, Palmer ta fitar da tarihinta, Ba na cikin Kai: Saurin Sauti da Neman Muryarka. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kroll |first=Justin |date=May 8, 2017 |title=Keke Palmer Signs With UTA |url=https://variety.com/2017/tv/news/keke-palmer-uta-1202418591/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190606092158/https://variety.com/2017/tv/news/keke-palmer-uta-1202418591/ |archive-date=June 6, 2019 |access-date=September 11, 2020 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]}}</ref> A wannan shekarar, ta shiga jerin wasan kwaikwayo na Berlin Station a lokacin kakar wasa ta biyu.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Petski |first=Denise |date=February 24, 2017 |title='Berlin Station': Keke Palmer Joins Epix Drama Series For Season 2 |url=https://deadline.com/2017/02/berlin-station-keke-palmer-epix-drama-series-for-season-2-1201973188/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200301045733/https://deadline.com/2017/02/berlin-station-keke-palmer-epix-drama-series-for-season-2-1201973188/ |archive-date=March 1, 2020 |access-date=April 17, 2020 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2019, Palmer ya fara baƙo tare da shirya shirye-shiryen tattaunawa na rana na [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] ''Strahan da Sara'', a wasu lokutan yana cikawa ga mai karɓar bakuncin Michael Strahan kuma yana farawa a kai a kai a watan Yuni yayin [[Hutun iyaye|hutun haihuwa]] na Sara Haines.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Keegan |first=Kayla |date=July 2, 2019 |title=Why Is Keke Palmer Hosting 'Strahan and Sara' – Why She's on With 'GMA' Star Michael Strahan |url=https://www.goodhousekeeping.com/life/entertainment/a28246627/gma-keke-palmer-hosting-strahan-and-sara/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190702182939/https://www.goodhousekeeping.com/life/entertainment/a28246627/gma-keke-palmer-hosting-strahan-and-sara/ |archive-date=July 2, 2019 |access-date=September 11, 2020 |website=[[Good Housekeeping]]}}</ref> Ta shiga jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na Scream a matsayin jerin na yau da kullun a kakar wasa ta uku, tana nuna wani hali mai suna Kym Johnson, wanda aka fara a ranar 8 ga Yuli, 2019. <ref name="Deadline">{{Cite web |last=Petski |first=Denise |date=September 13, 2017 |title='Scream': Keke Palmer, RJ Cyler, Jessica Sula, More Round Out Season 3 Cast |url=https://deadline.com/2017/09/scream-keke-palmer-rj-cyler-jessica-sula-giorgia-whigham-giullian-yao-gioiello-season-3-cast-1202169106/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170913220828/http://deadline.com/2017/09/scream-keke-palmer-rj-cyler-jessica-sula-giorgia-whigham-giullian-yao-gioiello-season-3-cast-1202169106/ |archive-date=September 13, 2017 |access-date=September 13, 2017 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Samhan |first=Jamie |date=June 24, 2019 |title='Scream' Reboot Gets Trailer With Cameo From Paris Jackson |url=https://etcanada.com/news/467876/scream-reboot-gets-trailer-with-cameo-from-paris-jackson/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190626202446/https://etcanada.com/news/467876/scream-reboot-gets-trailer-with-cameo-from-paris-jackson/ |archive-date=June 26, 2019 |access-date=June 25, 2019 |website=[[Entertainment Tonight Canada]]}}</ref> A ranar 26 ga watan Agusta, Palmer ya zama na uku na dindindin na ''Strahan da Sara'', wanda aka sake masa suna ''Strahan, Sara da Keke'' . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Steinberg |first=Brian |date=August 26, 2019 |title=ABC Makes More Changes to its 'GMA' Extension |url=https://variety.com/2019/tv/news/good-morning-america-michael-strahan-sara-haines-keke-palmer-1203313977/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190826155245/https://variety.com/2019/tv/news/good-morning-america-michael-strahan-sara-haines-keke-palmer-1203313977/ |archive-date=August 26, 2019 |access-date=August 26, 2019 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]}}</ref> A watan Satumba, Palmer ta fito a matsayin "lovestruck stripper" a cikin fim din wasan kwaikwayo na aikata laifuka Hustlers, wanda Lorene Scafaria ta jagoranta.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Desta |first=Yohana |date=September 13, 2019 |title=Keke Palmer Wants Jennifer Lopez to Nab That Hustlers Oscar Nom, Too |url=https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2019/09/keke-palmer-hustlers-jennifer-lopez-interview |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809001516/https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2019/09/keke-palmer-hustlers-jennifer-lopez-interview |archive-date=August 9, 2020 |access-date=September 11, 2020 |website=[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]]}}</ref> Ta raira waƙar "Giants" a matsayin wani ɓangare na ƙungiyar kama-da-wane mai suna True Damage, inda ta yi muryar wani hali mai suna Senna, a cikin wasan bidiyo League of Legends na Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |title='League of Legends' Debuts True Damage 'Giants' Music Video Ahead Of Worlds |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/paultassi/2019/11/10/league-of-legends-debuts-true-damage-giants-music-video-ahead-of-worlds/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191110211900/https://www.forbes.com/sites/paultassi/2019/11/10/league-of-legends-debuts-true-damage-giants-music-video-ahead-of-worlds/ |archive-date=November 10, 2019 |access-date=November 10, 2019 |website=[[Forbes (magazine)|Forbes]]}}</ref> Waƙar ta ƙunshi mawaƙa Becky G da Soyeon da kuma rappers Duckworth da Thutmose a matsayin sauran membobin ƙungiyar. A watan Nuwamba, True Damage ya yi waƙar kai tsaye a lokacin bikin buɗe wasan karshe. === Shekaru na 2020 === [[Fayil:Keke_Palmer_in_2024_(2).jpg|thumb|Palmer yana yin wasan kwaikwayon a Babban Birnin Girma a 2024]] ''Strahan, Sara da Keke'' sun ƙare ba zato ba tsammani a watan Maris na 2020 lokacin da annobar COVID-''1'' ta ƙare shirye-shiryen studio ta hanyar masana'antu, kuma ABC ta yanke shawarar canza lokacin zuwa labarai.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Aviles |first=Gwen |date=July 21, 2020 |title=Keke Palmer condemns rumors that her show was canceled because of Black Lives Matter activism |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/pop-culture/pop-culture-news/keke-palmer-condemns-rumors-her-show-was-canceled-because-black-n1234457 |access-date=November 2, 2020 |publisher=[[NBC News]]}}</ref> Palmer daga baya ya sami kyautar Daytime Emmy Award don Mai gabatar da jawabi na nishaɗi tare da Haines da Strahan . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nordyke |first=Kimberly |last2=Howard |first2=Annie |date=May 21, 2020 |title=Daytime Emmy Awards: 'General Hospital' Tops Nominations |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/lists/daytime-emmy-awards-2020-full-list-nominees-1289414/item/outstanding-drama-series-1289415 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200606061050/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/lists/daytime-emmy-awards-2020-full-list-nominees-1289414/item/outstanding-drama-series-1289415 |archive-date=June 6, 2020 |access-date=May 22, 2020 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> A wannan shekarar, Palmer ta fara fitowa a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na yanar gizo mai suna Turnt Up with the Taylors, inda ta nuna dukkan haruffa. Ta fitar da wani wasa mai suna ''Virgo Tendencies, Pt.'' 1 a ranar 28 ga watan Agusta.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Vanderhoof |first=Erin |date=August 27, 2020 |title=Inside Keke Palmer's VMAs Plan: A COVID-Era Awards Show That Honors New York |url=https://www.vanityfair.com/style/2020/08/keke-palmer-vmas-new-ep-interview |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200830142154/https://www.vanityfair.com/style/2020/08/keke-palmer-vmas-new-ep-interview |archive-date=August 30, 2020 |access-date=September 11, 2020 |website=[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]]}}</ref> A ranar 30 ga watan Agusta, Palmer ta dauki bakuncin lambar yabo ta MTV Video Music Awards ta 2020, a lokacin da ta kuma yi waƙarta "Snack".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Friedman |first=Vanessa |date=August 31, 2020 |title=Lady Gaga's Masks Win the V.M.A.s |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/31/style/lady-gaga-masks-vmas.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200908114535/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/31/style/lady-gaga-masks-vmas.html |archive-date=September 8, 2020 |access-date=September 11, 2020 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Haylock |first=Zoe |date=August 30, 2020 |title=VMAs 2020: Keke Palmer 'Snack' Performance: WATCH |url=https://www.vulture.com/2020/08/vmas-2020-keke-palmer-snack-performance.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200903212014/https://www.vulture.com/2020/08/vmas-2020-keke-palmer-snack-performance.html |archive-date=September 3, 2020 |access-date=September 11, 2020 |website=[[New York (magazine)|Vulture]]}}</ref> A watan Disamba na 2020, ta fitar da EP mai biyo baya - ''Virgo Tendencies, Pt. '' ''2 –{{Spaced en dash}}'' .<ref>{{Cite web |last=Folk |first=Antwane |date=December 11, 2020 |title=Stream Keke Palmer's New EP 'Virgo Tendencies, Pt. 2' |url=https://ratedrnb.com/2020/12/stream-keke-palmer-new-ep-virgo-tendencies-pt-2/ |website=Rated RnB}}</ref> A shekara mai zuwa, Palmer ta lashe lambar yabo ta Primetime Emmy don fitacciyar 'yar wasan kwaikwayo a cikin gajeren wasan kwaikwayo ko wasan kwaikwayo don rawar da ta taka a Turnt Up tare da Taylors . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Elber |first=Lynn |date=September 13, 2021 |title=Emmys: 'SNL' hosts Dave Chappelle, Maya Rudolph win guest actor awards |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/entertainment/tv/2021/09/13/emmys-snl-hosts-dave-chappelle-maya-rudolph-win-guest-actor-awards/8314413002/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210913130446/https://www.usatoday.com/story/entertainment/tv/2021/09/13/emmys-snl-hosts-dave-chappelle-maya-rudolph-win-guest-actor-awards/8314413002/ |archive-date=September 13, 2021 |access-date=September 17, 2021 |website=[[USA Today]]}}</ref> Daga baya a cikin wannan shekarar, Palmer ta dauki bakuncin sake farawa na wasan kwaikwayo na MTV na 90 mai suna Singled Out tare da Joel Kim Booster a matsayin mai karɓar bakuncin ga cibiyar sadarwar sabis na kan layi na Quibi. A cikin 2021, ta dauki bakuncin jerin wasannin gaskiya na Foodtastic don Disney+. {{Spaced en dash}} A cikin 2022, Palmer ta fito a cikin ''Alice'', wanda Krystin Ver Linden ya jagoranta, wanda aka fara gabatar da shi a duniya a bikin fina-finai na Sundance na 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |last=D'Alessandro |first=Anthony |last2=Patten |first2=Dominic |date=December 9, 2021 |title=Sundance 2022: Hybrid Festival Sees Princess Diana, Michael Kenneth Williams, Dakota Johnson, Bill Cosby, NYC Rock'n'Roll & Regina Hall Fill Lineup |url=https://deadline.com/2021/12/sundance-film-festival-2022-lineup-films-competition-midnight-spotlight-kids-next-full-list-1234886826/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211209200942/https://deadline.com/2021/12/sundance-film-festival-2022-lineup-films-competition-midnight-spotlight-kids-next-full-list-1234886826/ |archive-date=December 9, 2021 |access-date=December 9, 2021 |website=Deadline |language=en-US}}</ref> Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da labari a kan Not So Pretty, wani shirin da ke binciken masana'antar kyawawan abubuwa wanda Kirby Dick da Amy Ziering suka jagoranta don HBO Max.<ref>{{Cite web |date=April 7, 2022 |title=Max Original Documentary Not So Pretty, Directed By Oscar-Nominated Filmmakers Kirby Dick And Amy Ziering, Debuts April 14 |url=https://pressroom.warnermedia.com/us/media-release/max-original-documentary-not-so-pretty-narrated-keke-palmer-debuts-april-14 |access-date=April 16, 2022 |website=[[WarnerMedia]]}}</ref> Palmer kuma ya bayyana halin Izzy Hawthorne a cikin fim din Pixar mai suna Lightyear, wani nau'i na Jerin fina-finai na Toy Story . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bastos |first=Margarida |date=February 8, 2022 |title='Lightyear' Full Voice Cast Includes Taika Waititi, Keke Palmer, James Brolin, and More |url=https://collider.com/lightyear-voice-cast-taika-waititi-keke-palmer-james-brolin/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220303215134/https://collider.com/lightyear-voice-cast-taika-waititi-keke-palmer-james-brolin/ |archive-date=March 3, 2022 |access-date=March 8, 2022 |website=Collider}}</ref> A wannan shekarar, ta fito a matsayin Emerald Haywood a cikin Jordan Peele-directed science-fiction horror ''Nope'' wanda ta sami kulawa mai mahimmanci; aikinta ya lashe kyautar New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Supporting Actress . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kroll |first=Justin |date=February 16, 2021 |title=Jordan Peele Taps Keke Palmer To Star in The Director's New Secret Project |url=https://deadline.com/2021/02/jordan-peele-keke-palmer-film-1234694742/ |access-date=April 16, 2022 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> A watan Agustan 2022, Palmer ya fara aiki a matsayin mai karɓar bakuncin sake farawa na [[NBC]] na wasan kwaikwayon Password, tare da Jimmy Fallon a matsayin babban furodusa / baƙo mai daraja na dindindin.<ref>{{Cite web |last=White |first=Peter |date=April 12, 2022 |title=Keke Palmer To Host 'Password' Reboot For NBC From Jimmy Fallon |url=https://deadline.com/2022/04/keke-palmer-to-host-password-reboot-nbc-jimmy-fallon-1235000771/ |access-date=April 12, 2022 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> A cikin abubuwan da suka faru uku na karshe na Karma's World, a watan Satumbar 2022, Palmer ya bayyana Cece Dupree, mai ba da labari da rashin tausayi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Germain |first=Tabie |date=February 7, 2023 |title=2023 NAACP Image Awards: Experience Keke Palmer's Magic Behind the Mic: Her Most Unforgettable Voiceover Performances Yet! |url=https://www.bet.com/article/d4h5kq/2023-naacp-image-awards-keke-palmer-voiceover-nominee |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230220013222/https://www.bet.com/article/d4h5kq/2023-naacp-image-awards-keke-palmer-voiceover-nominee |archive-date=February 20, 2023 |website=[[BET]]}}</ref> A ranar 9 ga Fabrairu, 2023, an ba da sanarwar cewa an shirya Palmer don fitowa tare da Sacha Baron Cohen a fim din David O. Russell Super Toys . Fim din wani lokaci ne da aka kafa a cikin shekarun 1970s.<sup a="" href="./Boyfriend_(Usher_song)" rel="mw:WikiLink">Aboki="#mwt235" class="mw-ref reference" data-cx="{}" data-mw="{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-72","html":"<nowiki><span typeof=\"mw:Transclusion\" data-mw=\"{&amp;quot;name&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;templatestyles&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;attrs&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;src&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;body&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;extsrc&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;parts&amp;quot;:[{&amp;quot;template&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;target&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;cite web&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;href&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;./Template:Cite_web&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;params&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;url&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;https://www.indiewire.com/2023/02/keke-palmer-sacha-baron-cohen-david-o-russell-1234808477/&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;title&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Keke Palmer and Sacha Baron Cohen Will Star in David O. Russell's 'Super Toys'&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;first&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Wilson&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;last&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Chapman&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;website&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;[[IndieWire]]&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;date&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;February 9, 2023&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;access-date&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;February 9, 2023&amp;quot;}},&amp;quot;i&amp;quot;:0}}]}\" data-ve-no-generated-contents=\"true\" id=\"mwCQg\">&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki><nowiki><cite about=\"#mwt233\" class=\"citation web cs1\" id=\"CITEREFChapman2023\" data-ve-ignore=\"\">Chapman, Wilson (February 9, 2023). <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.indiewire.com/2023/02/keke-palmer-sacha-baron-cohen-david-o-russell-1234808477/\" id=\"mwCQk\" rel=\"mw:ExtLink nofollow\">\"Keke Palmer and Sacha Baron Cohen Will Star in David O. Russell's 'Super Toys'\"</a></nowiki>. <nowiki><i id=\"mwCQs\"><a class=\"cx-link\" data-linkid=\"953\" href=\"./IndieWire\" id=\"mwCQw\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" title=\"IndieWire\">IndieWire</a></nowiki><nowiki></i></nowiki><nowiki><span class=\"reference-accessdate\" id=\"mwCQ0\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\" id=\"mwCQ4\">February 9,</span></nowiki> 2023<nowiki></span></nowiki>.<nowiki></cite></nowiki>"}}" id="cite_ref-72" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref">[./Keke_Palmer#cite_note-72 <span class="mw-reflink-text"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket"><nowiki>]</nowiki></span></span>]</sup><ref>{{Cite web |last=Jackson |first=Angelique |date=February 9, 2023 |title=Keke Palmer and Sacha Baron Cohen to Star in David O. Russell's 'Super Toys' |url=https://variety.com/2023/film/news/keke-palmer-sacha-baron-cohen-super-toys-david-o-russell-1235518419/ |access-date=February 12, 2023 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]}}</ref> A watan Yunin 2023, an sanar da cewa an gayyaci Palmer don shiga Kwalejin a matsayin ɗan wasan kwaikwayo.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sciences |first=Academy of Motion Picture Arts and |title=The Academy Invites 398 New Members for 2023: See the Full List |url=https://aframe.oscars.org/news/post/the-academy-new-members-2023-full-list |access-date=June 28, 2023 |website=A.frame |language=en}}</ref> Palmer ta fito a cikin bidiyon kiɗa na Usher don "Boyfriend", wanda aka saki a ranar 16 ga watan Agusta, 2023. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Manno |first=Jackie |date=August 16, 2023 |title=Usher Just Dropped His Song "Boyfriend" — And the Video Stars Keke Palmer |url=https://www.nbc.com/nbc-insider/usher-keke-palmer-new-song-video-boyfriend-details |website=NBC}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=August 15, 2023 |title=USHER - Boyfriend (Official Music Video) |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=56CW4SIqBzk |access-date=October 16, 2024 |via=YouTube}}</ref> A watan Yunin 2024, Palmer ta fara ƙungiyar 'yan mata da ake kira DivaGurl; mai kama da The Pussycat Dolls, inda [[Nicole Scherzinger]] ita ce jagorar mawaƙa, Palmer ita ce jagora ta DivaGirl . <ref>{{Cite web |last=SAMUELS |first=KIETHAN |title=Keke Palmer Forms R&B Group Diva Gurl, Shares New Song 'S.O.B.' |url=https://ratedrnb.com/2024/06/keke-palmer-group-diva-gurl-s-o-b-stand-on-business/ |access-date=January 22, 2025 |website=Ratedrnb.com}}</ref> A cikin 2025, Palmer ya jagoranci fim din One of Them Days tare da [[SZA]] kuma ya sami yabo mai yawa. == Sauran Kasuwanci == [[Fayil:Keke_Palmer_2022.jpg|thumb|Palmer a cikin 2022]] Palmer yana aiki tare da Kungiyoyin Yara da 'Yan Mata na shirin agaji na Amurka Cool To Be Smart, yana magana da yara game da muhimmancin ilmantarwa. Har ila yau, tana goyon bayan Urban Farming da Girl Scouts . <ref name="looktothestars.org">{{Cite web |title=Keke Palmer's Charity Work, Events and Causes |url=http://www.looktothestars.org/celebrity/1727-keke-palmer |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120726112812/http://www.looktothestars.org/celebrity/1727-keke-palmer |archive-date=July 26, 2012 |access-date=November 26, 2012 |publisher=Look to the Stars}}</ref> Ta yi aiki tare da YWCA da Saving Our Daughters . <ref name="looktothestars.org" /> Ya zuwa shekara ta 2010, Palmer ya kasance wakilin aikin Saving Our Daughters, kamfen ɗin yaki da zalunci.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MIXTAPE AVAILABLE |url=http://kekepalmer.com/index.php/?p=2139 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111128112930/http://kekepalmer.com/index.php/?p=2139 |archive-date=November 28, 2011 |access-date=November 26, 2012 |publisher=KekePalmer.com}}</ref> Ita ce mai goyon bayan kungiyar Black Lives Matter . <ref>{{Cite web |last=VanHoose |first=Benjamin |date=July 20, 2020 |title=Keke Palmer Denies Show Canceled Because of Her Black Lives Matter Support |url=https://people.com/tv/keke-palmer-shuts-down-rumor-her-gma-show-was-canceled-because-she-spoke-up-amid-blm-dont-believe-this-lie/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200831050403/https://people.com/tv/keke-palmer-shuts-down-rumor-her-gma-show-was-canceled-because-she-spoke-up-amid-blm-dont-believe-this-lie/ |archive-date=August 31, 2020 |access-date=September 11, 2020 |website=[[People (magazine)|People]]}}</ref> A cikin 2020, ta yi tafiya a Hollywood, California, a matsayin wani ɓangare na zanga-zangar George Floyd . A wannan shekarar, ta yi jawabi ga motsi a lokacin da ta bude jawabin a 2020 MTV Video Music Awards.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Medrano |first=Diego |date=August 30, 2020 |title=Read Keke Palmer's VMAs monologue: "It's time to be the change we want to see" |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/music/story/2020-08-30/keke-palmer-vmas-opening-monologue-transcript |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200910062441/https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/music/story/2020-08-30/keke-palmer-vmas-opening-monologue-transcript |archive-date=September 10, 2020 |access-date=September 11, 2020 |website=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref> An haɗa Palmer a cikin jerin 100 na gaba na Time a watan Nuwamba na 2019, wanda "ya nuna taurari 100 masu tasowa waɗanda ke tsara makomar kasuwanci, nishaɗi, wasanni, siyasa, kimiyya, kiwon lafiya da sauransu". A cikin 2022, Palmer ta ƙaddamar da dandalin abun ciki na nishaɗi na dijital, mai taken KeyTV Network . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Clayton |date=October 13, 2022 |title=Keke Palmer’s New Digital Channel KeyTV Gets Launch Date (EXCLUSIVE) |url=https://variety.com/2022/tv/news/keke-palmer-key-tv-launch-date-1235402265/# |website=Variety}}</ref> A cikin 2026, Palmer ya fara aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga ɗaliban UCLA da ke karatu a Makarantar Wasanni, Fim da Talabijin a matsayin wani ɓangare na shirin su na "Artist-In-Residence". Palmer's KeyTV tana rarraba ayyukan ɗalibai uku a kowace shekara.<ref>{{Cite web |last=O'Connell |first=Mikey |date=2026-06-11 |title=Keke Palmer Heading to UCLA With New Artist-In-Residence Program |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/business/business-news/keke-palmer-ucla-keytv-1236619377/ |access-date=2026-06-16 |website=The Hollywood Reporter |language=en-US}}</ref> == Ayyuka na zane-zane == Palmer's first studio album, ''So Uncool'', was heavily influenced by contemporary R&amp;amp;B, and was described by the album's producers as "bright, bouncy, and melodic enough to appeal to teens and pre-teens. Fans of dancey teen pop will want to give this auspicious debut a listen."<ref>{{Cite web |date=September 18, 2007 |title=Keke Palmer-So Uncool CD Album |url=http://www.cduniverse.com/productinfo.asp?pid=7486356&style=music&fulldesc=T |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160115150642/http://www.cduniverse.com/productinfo.asp?pid=7486356&style=music&fulldesc=T |archive-date=January 15, 2016 |access-date=November 26, 2012 |publisher=Cduniverse.com}}</ref> Palmer was influenced by American R&B singers [[Ciara]], [[Janet Jackson]], [[Michael Jackson]], [[Mariah Carey]], Aaliyah, Brandy, Mary J. Blige, and [[Whitney Houston]] as well as girl group TLC.<ref>{{Cite web |title=5 questions for … KeKe Palmer &#124; Ebony &#124; Find Articles |url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1077/is_2_63/ai_n21147752/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120615171434/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1077/is_2_63/ai_n21147752/ |archive-date=June 15, 2012 |access-date=July 12, 2012}}</ref> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template " style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Ingancin tushen bayani|<span title="Only page one archived, names not in first page. (November 2024)">failed verification</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> Among her R&B influences, Palmer also cites pop artists Gwen Stefani, Selena and Avril Lavigne.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Keke Palmer Dishes on Influences for Upcoming Album |url=http://www.eonline.com/videos/246755/keke-palmer-dishes-on-influences-for-upcoming-album |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161011221941/http://www.eonline.com/videos/246755/keke-palmer-dishes-on-influences-for-upcoming-album |archive-date=October 11, 2016 |access-date=September 6, 2016 |publisher=[[E!]]}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta mutum == === Lafiya === Palmer tana da amblyopia, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Rose |first=Sandra |date=February 26, 2024 |title=Keke Palmer says son Leodis 'has a lazy eye like me' |url=https://sandrarose.com/2024/02/keke-palmer-says-son-leodis-has-a-lazy-eye-like-me/ |access-date=August 12, 2024 |website=sandrarose.com}}</ref> kuma ta magance cutar Polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome na yawancin rayuwarta. Ta kuma yi fama da [[Anxiety|damuwa]] da baƙin ciki.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stump |first=Scott |date=December 2, 2020 |title=Keke Palmer reveals PCOS has been 'attacking me from the inside out' |url=https://www.today.com/health/keke-palmer-reveals-pcos-diagnosis-t202303 |access-date=February 2, 2021 |website=[[Today (American TV program)|Today]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Williams |first=Abigail |date=January 31, 2017 |title=Keke Palmer Refuses To Stay Silent When It Comes To Mental Health |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/keke-palmer-anxiety-depression_n_5890b78be4b0522c7d3d30e3 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190205081014/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/keke-palmer-anxiety-depression_n_5890b78be4b0522c7d3d30e3 |archive-date=February 5, 2019 |access-date=September 11, 2020 |website=[[HuffPost]]}}</ref> === Jima'i === Palmer ta ce ba ta son jima'i da aka bayyana ta hanyar lakabi; ta yi imanin cewa ya kamata mutane su kasance masu ruwa tare da lakafta kansu, kamar yadda asalin su zai iya canzawa. A watan Fabrairun 2017, a lokacin wata hira a kan The Wendy Williams Show, lokacin da Williams ta tambaye ta ko tana da jima'i, Palmer ta amsa, "Na so wanda ke ƙaunarta. Soyayya ta bayyana ta mutum, kuma abin da nake ji a yau ba shine abin da nake jin shekaru biyar daga yanzu ba. Ba na son iyakance kaina ga jin ɗaya ko ra'ayin wani abu ba. " Yayin da yake karɓar lambar yabo a Cibiyar LGBT Angeles a 2023, Palmer ta ce tana jin "ko da yaushe an yarda da ita kuma wani ɓangare na" Al'ummar LGBTQ.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Malkin |first=Marc |date=April 23, 2023 |title=Keke Palmer Talks Sexuality and Gender, Says She's a 'Little Bit of Everything' |url=https://variety.com/2023/awards/news/keke-palmer-lgbt-center-sexuality-1235591696/ |access-date=February 1, 2025 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]}}</ref> A cikin 2019, a matsayin wani ɓangare na Kamfen ɗin #YouKnowMe, ta raba ta hanyar Twitter cewa ta [[zubar da ciki]] tana da shekaru 24.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Saad |first=Nardine |date=May 15, 2019 |title=Busy Philipps' #youknowme campaign prompts emotional abortion stories |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/tv/la-et-st-busy-philipps-youknowme-abortion-awareness-20190515-story.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190515205518/https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/tv/la-et-st-busy-philipps-youknowme-abortion-awareness-20190515-story.html |archive-date=May 15, 2019 |access-date=May 15, 2019 |website=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref> A wata hira da mujallar People a 2024, Palmer ta bayyana cewa an yi mata lalata tun tana yarinya kuma ba ta fahimci hakan ba har sai da ta karanta littafi game da cin zarafin jima'i.<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 30, 2024 |title=Keke Palmer Breaks Her Silence on Toxic Relationship with Ex and Navigating Motherhood PEOPLE |url=https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=cwipFypywZU&pp=ygULS2VrZSBwYWxtZXI%3D |access-date=2024-10-30 |via=[[YouTube]]}}</ref> A ranar 14 ga Fabrairu, 2026, Palmer ta wallafa a cikin wani rubutun Instagram cewa "kusan 100% tabbatacciya ce ba ta da jima'i".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Monteil |first=Abby |date=February 17, 2026 |title=Keke Palmer Is "Almost 100% Sure" She's Asexual |url=https://www.them.us/story/keke-palmer-says-she-is-asexual-valentines-day |access-date=2026-03-07 |website=[[Them (magazine)|Them]]}}</ref> === Dangantaka === A watan Yunin 2021, Palmer ta fara yin soyayya da malamin motsa jiki Darius Jackson . Yayinda take karbar bakuncin Asabar Night Live a ranar 3 ga Disamba, 2022, Palmer ta sanar da cewa tana tsammanin ɗanta na farko tare da Jackson.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tinoco |first=Armando |date=December 3, 2022 |title=Keke Palmer Reveals In ''SNL'' Monologue Laurence Fishburne Read Her "For Filth" & Flashes Baby Bump |url=https://deadline.com/2022/12/keke-palmer-reveals-snl-monologue-laurence-fishburne-read-her-for-filth-flashes-pregnant-baby-bump-1235188568/ |access-date=December 4, 2022 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Forde |first=Kisha |date=December 5, 2022 |title=Keke Palmer Spoke About Balancing Career and Family Before Pregnancy Reveal |url=https://www.eonline.com/news/1356953/keke-palmer-spoke-about-balancing-career-and-family-before-pregnancy-reveal |access-date=December 5, 2022 |website=[[E!]]}}</ref> An haifi ɗansu a watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2023. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Respers |first=Lisa |date=February 28, 2023 |title=Keke Palmer welcomes her first child |url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/02/28/entertainment/keke-palmer-baby/index.html |access-date=February 28, 2023 |website=[[CNN]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=BIG BOSS 🔑🔑 on Instagram: "Hey Son!!!! 1. Only 48hrs of being parents! 😳 2. Darius always made me playlists when we first started dating, "Someone" by El Debarge was a favorite. We became each other's someone and made a someone, look at God! 😆 3. The baby love Rolling Ray, cause purrr. 4. "I'm not hiding the world from my son, I'm hiding my son from the world." Hahaha 5. I'm just playing, my baby face is on this slide. 6. And this slide 🤣🥹😅😍❤️🙏🏾😇😭 Born during Black History Month, with a name to match 😄! LEODIS ANDRELLTON JACKSON, welcome to the world baby Leo." |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CpLyeXgsON0/?img_index=6 |url-access=subscription |access-date=October 16, 2024 |website=Instagram.com}}</ref> Palmer da Jackson sun rabu a watan Oktoba na 2023, biyo bayan jerin abubuwan da ake zargi da su da ke kewaye da tashin hankali na cikin gida a duk lokacin da suke da alakarsu.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dasrath |first=Diana |last2=Minyvonne Burke |date=November 10, 2023 |title=Keke Palmer accuses ex-boyfriend Darius Jackson of abuse, judge grants temporary restraining order |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/keke-palmer-accuses-ex-boyfriend-darius-jackson-abuse-judge-grants-tem-rcna124592# |access-date=November 10, 2023 |website=[[NBC News]]}}</ref> A watan Nuwamba na wannan shekarar, an ba Palmer umarni na wucin gadi a kan Jackson da kuma kula da ɗansu na wucine. Ta sauke buƙatun a watan Mayu na shekara ta 2024 kuma an soke sauraron umarnin hana tashin hankali na cikin gida.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Paul |first=Larisha |date=December 18, 2023 |title=Darius Jackson Accuses Keke Palmer of Abuse in Response to Actress' Restraining Order Request |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/tv-movies/tv-movie-news/keke-palmer-darius-jackson-retraining-order-request-response-1234932046/ |access-date=July 2, 2024 |website=[[RollingStone]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=May 26, 2024 |title=KeKe Palmer Drops Restraining Order and Custody Request Against Darius Jackson |url=https://thesource.com/2024/05/26/keke-palmer-drops-restraining-order-and-custody-request-against-darius-jackson/ |access-date=July 2, 2024 |website=The Source}}</ref> == MANAZARTA == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1993]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] sgnvol8bavtxoym93kt9bogfdfhhvi6 878498 878497 2026-07-07T12:53:36Z Lilovic 46646 878498 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}{{See also|List of awards and nominations received by Keke Palmer}}'''Lauren Keyana''' '''"Keke"''' '''Palmer''' (/ˈkiːki/ KEE-kee; <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 8, 2021 |title=Bear Witness, Take Action 3 Compilation &#124; YouTube Originals |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C67mieagwZ4 |access-date=November 4, 2022 |via=YouTube}}</ref> an haife ta a ranar 26 ga watan Agusta, 1993) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Amurka, mawaƙa, kuma mai watsa shirye-shiryen talabijin. Ta sami kyaututtuka da yawa, ciki har da lambar yabo ta Primetime Emmy guda biyu da kuma gabatarwa don lambar yabo ta Daytime Emmy da kuma lambar yabo ta Screen Actors Guild . Mujallar Time ta haɗa ta a cikin jerin sunayen [[Time 100|Mutanen da suka fi tasiri a duniya]] a cikin 2019. Palmer ta fara fim dinta tun tana yarinya tare da rawar da ta taka a fina-finai na Barbershop 2: Back in Business da The Wool Cap (duka 2004), <ref name="today-5things">{{Cite web |last=Newcomb |first=Alyssa |date=August 30, 2020 |title=Here are 5 things you need to know about this year's VMAs host Keke Palmer |url=https://www.today.com/popculture/who-keke-palmer-5-things-you-need-know-about-year-t190481 |access-date=June 21, 2021 |website=[[Today (American TV program)|Today]]}}</ref> kafin ta sami rawar da ta samu a matsayin Akeelah Anderson a fim din wasan kwaikwayo ''Akeelah da Bee'' (2006). Ayyukanta sun ci gaba da rawar da ta taka a fina-finai kamar Madea's Family Reunion (2006), Jump In! (2007), The ''Longshots'' (2008), da Shrink (2009), da kuma sakin kundi na farko na studio So Uncool (2007). Ta tashi zuwa shahararriya a [[Nickelodeon]], tana taka rawar gani a cikin sitcom True Jackson, VP (2008-2011), tana ba da muryar Aisha a farfadowa Winx Club (2011-2014), da kuma gabatar da fim din talabijin ''Rags'' (2012). Palmer ta sauya zuwa matsayi na al'ada tare da fim din tarihin VH1 CrazySexyCool: The TLC Story (2013), kuma daga baya ta fara bugawa Broadway a matsayin Ella a cikin Rodgers + Hammerstein's Cinderella (2014-2015). Tun daga lokacin ta fito a cikin jerin abubuwan ban tsoro na Fox Scream Queens (2015-2016), jerin wasan kwaikwayo na Epix Berlin Station (2017-2019), da kuma jerin slasher Scream (2019). Matsayinta na fim sun hada da Animal (2014), Pimp (2018), Hustlers (2019), Nope (2022), da One of Them Days (2025), tare da biyun da suka gabata sun sami kulawa mai mahimmanci.[1] Har ila yau, a cikin 2020s, ta fIta da wasu kundin studio guda biyu. Baya ga yin wasan kwaikwayo, Palmer ta dauki bakuncin shirye-shiryen tattaunawa Just Keke (2014) da ''Strahan, Sara da Keke'' (2019-2020), da kuma wasan kwaikwayo Password tun 2022. Ta ƙaddamar da KeyTV Network, dandalin abubuwan nishaɗi na kan layi, a cikin 2021, kuma ta saki littafinta na biyu, Master of Me, wani tarihin haɗari da jagorar taimakon kai, a cikin 2024. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Dickson |first=E.J. |date=January 14, 2025 |title=Keke Palmer's Greatest Role Is Herself |url=https://www.thecut.com/article/keke-palmer-one-of-them-days-interview.html}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Lauren Keyana Palmer a ranar 26 ga watan Agusta, 1993, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Jocelyn |date=September 12, 2019 |title=Keke Palmer, Who Once Played a Child Vice President, Does Not Know Who Dick Cheney Is |url=https://www.wmagazine.com/story/keke-palmer-doesnt-know-dick-cheney/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190913030828/https://www.wmagazine.com/story/keke-palmer-doesnt-know-dick-cheney |archive-date=September 13, 2019 |access-date=September 11, 2020 |website=[[W (magazine)|W]]}}</ref> a Harvey, Illinois, kuma an haife ta ne a kusa da Robbins, Illinois. <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 17, 2020 |title=Celebrity birthdays for the week of Aug. 23–29 |url=https://apnews.com/5e8547864259dd4d3f8965b1ebea2eda |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200817132114/https://apnews.com/5e8547864259dd4d3f8965b1ebea2eda |archive-date=August 17, 2020 |access-date=September 11, 2020 |publisher=[[Associated Press]]}}</ref> Ta girma a dikon iyalin [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]].<ref name="ChristianFaith">{{Cite web |last=Christine Thomasos |date=October 2015 |title=Actress Keke Palmer Says Faith Saves Her From Plastic Surgery |url=https://www.christianpost.com/news/actress-keke-palmer-faith-saves-her-from-plastic-surgery.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161125110931/http://www.christianpost.com/news/actress-keke-palmer-faith-saves-her-from-plastic-surgery-147871/ |archive-date=November 25, 2016 |access-date=February 24, 2022 |website=[[The Christian Post]]}} Retrieved November 2016</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Friedl |first=Whitney |last2=er |date=January 30, 2017 |title=How Keke Palmer Survived the Anxiety That Comes With Childhood Stardom |url=https://www.cosmopolitan.com/entertainment/books/a8653475/keke-palmer-book-interview/ |access-date=September 21, 2021 |website=Cosmopolitan}}</ref> Iyayenta, Sharon da Lawrence "Larry" Palmer, waɗanda suka haɗu a makarantar wasan kwaikwayo, dukansu sun yi aiki a matsayin masu wasan kwaikwayo na ƙwararru kafin su zauna a cikin ayyukan cikakken lokaci. Mahaifinta, wanda shi ne mai hidima na Katolika, yana aiki ne ga kamfanin polyurethane. Mahaifiyarta malamar makarantar sakandare ce wacce ke aiki tare da yara masu cutar autism.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Estevez |first=Marjua |date=February 3, 2017 |title=The Gag Is… Keke Palmer Is The Soul Author Of Her Truest Gospel |url=https://www.vibe.com/features/editorial/keke-palmer-cover-story-481245/ |access-date=September 21, 2021 |website=VIBE.com}}</ref> Sunan laƙabi "Keke" ba taƙaitacciyar "Keyana" ba ce: a cewar Palmer, sunanta ya fito ne saboda 'yar'uwarta, Loreal, tana da aboki mai suna Keke kafin a haife ta. A wata hira da Glamour a 2022, Palmer ta ce ta fi son zuwa Lauren kuma ta ce za ta so a kira ta da sunanta "fiye da komai".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Reed |first=Sam |date=July 13, 2022 |title=Actually, Keke Palmer Prefers Her Real Name |url=https://www.glamour.com/story/keke-palmer-prefers-her-real-name |access-date=February 1, 2025 |website=[[Glamour (magazine)|Glamour]]}}</ref> Palmer ya fara raira waƙa a cikin coci kuma ya yi a wani mataki a wurin yawon bude ido na Chicago. A shekara ta 2002, ta yi gwaji don samar da mataki na The Lion King tana da shekaru tara. == Ayyuka == [[Fayil:Keke_Palmer.jpg|alt=|thumb|Palmer yana yin wasan kwaikwayo a watan Maris na shekara ta 2008]] A shekara ta 2004, PalmER ta sami rawar fim dinta ta farko a cikin Barbershop 2: Back in Business . A shekara ta 2005, ta sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar rikodin tare da Atlantic Records . A wannan shekarar, an nuna ta a fim din talabijin na Knights of the South Bronx, da kuma fitowa a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin Second Time Around da ER . A wannan shekarar, furodusa Ralph Farquhar ya taimaka wa Palmer ya taka rawar gani a cikin matukin jirgi na Disney Channel mai taken Keke da Jamal . Ba a karɓi matukin jirgi ba, kuma ba a taɓa watsa shi ba.[1] A shekara ta 2006, Palmer ta sami nasarar yin wasan kwaikwayo a fim din ''Akeelah da Bee'', tana wasa da Akeelah, mai shekaru 11 mai haske wanda ya fito daga unguwar matalauta kuma yana gasa a cikin Scripps National Spelling Bee . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkes |first=Howard |date=May 6, 2006 |title=Keke Palmer on Bee-ing 'Akeelah' |url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=5388881 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729180550/http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=5388881 |archive-date=July 29, 2014 |access-date=June 21, 2014 |publisher=[[NPR]]}}</ref> Moira Macdonald na ''The Seattle Times'' ya rubuta cewa Palmer "ya yi jarumi mai ban sha'awa".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Macdonald |first=Moira |date=April 28, 2006 |title="Akeelah and the Bee": Young star casts quite a spell in busy, busy "Bee" |url=https://archive.seattletimes.com/archive/?slug=akeelah28&date=20060428 |access-date=November 2, 2020 |website=[[The Seattle Times]]}}</ref> Don rawar, ta lashe lambar yabo ta Black Reel da NAACP Image Award.<ref>{{Cite web |date=July 29, 2014 |title=38th annual NAACP Image Awards winners |url=http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/life/people/2007-03-03-naacp-winners-list_N.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729182142/http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/life/people/2007-03-03-naacp-winners-list_N.htm |archive-date=July 29, 2014 |access-date=September 16, 2020 |website=USA Today}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=BSR |date=December 19, 2006 |title=Black Reel Award nominations |url=https://arktimes.com/the-moviegoer/2006/12/18/black-reel-award-nominations |access-date=September 16, 2020 |website=[[Arkansas Times]]}}</ref> Ta kuma taka rawar gani a fim din 2006 Madea's Family Reunion . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Keke Palmer Movies |url=http://www.blockbuster.com/browse/catalog/personDetails/381303 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005185613/http://www.blockbuster.com/browse/catalog/personDetails/381303 |archive-date=October 5, 2013 |access-date=August 10, 2013 |website=blockbuster.com}}</ref> A shekara mai zuwa, Palmer ya bayyana a cikin mai ban tsoro Cleaner . Ta taka muhimmiyar rawa a fim din talabijin na Jump In!. Palmer ya kuma fito a cikin shirye-shiryen talabijin guda biyu Tyler Perry's House of Payne da Just Jordan .<ref>{{Cite web |last=Garron |first=Barry |date=January 21, 2007 |title=TV review: Disney Channel's Jump In! |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/review-television-jump-dc/tv-review-disney-channels-jump-in-idUSN1234304420070113 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200911084911/https://www.reuters.com/article/review-television-jump-dc/tv-review-disney-channels-jump-in-idUSN1234304420070113 |archive-date=September 11, 2020 |access-date=September 11, 2020 |publisher=[[Reuters]]}}</ref> Palmer ta fitar da kundi na farko So Uncool a ranar 18 ga Satumba, 2007. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kellman |first=Andy |title=So Uncool – Keke Palmer {{!}} Songs, Reviews, Credits |url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/so-uncool-mw0000486461 |access-date=November 2, 2020 |publisher=[[AllMusic]]}}</ref> Kundin ya kasance a lamba 86 a kan US ''Billboard'' Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums chart. A shekara ta 2008, Palmer ta fara rawar da ta taka a matsayin mai taken a cikin [[Nickelodeon]] sitcom True Jackson, VP . Palmer ya kuma rubuta kuma ya yi waƙar taken don jerin. Palmer ta sami $ 20,000 a kowane labari na True Jackson, VP, wanda ya sanya ta ta zama ta huɗu mafi girma a talabijin.<ref name="Popeater">{{Cite web |date=May 10, 2010 |title=TV's Highest-Paid Kid Actors (Surprise! Miley Cyrus Isn't No. 1) |url=http://www.popeater.com/2010/05/10/tvs-richest-kids/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100512135745/http://www.popeater.com/2010/05/10/tvs-richest-kids/ |archive-date=May 12, 2010 |access-date=November 26, 2012 |publisher=PopEater.com}}</ref> A watan Yulin 2009, mai zanen Jane Siskin ya kirkiro layin salon Walmart wanda True Jackson, VP ya yi wahayi zuwa gare shi, tare da duk kayayyaki da Palmer ya amince da su.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dhalwala |first=Shruti |date=August 19, 2009 |title=Keke Palmer Launches True Jackson Clothing Line for Walmart |url=https://people.com/style/keke-palmer-launches-true-jackson-clothing-line-for-walmart/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121116021641/http://stylenews.peoplestylewatch.com/2009/08/19/keke-palmer-launches-true-jackson-clothing-line-for-walmart/ |archive-date=November 16, 2012 |access-date=February 24, 2022 |website=People}}</ref> Ta kuma taka muhimmiyar rawa a fim din 2008 The ''Longshots'' .<ref>{{Cite web |last=Neumaier |first=Joe |date=August 21, 2008 |title=Ice Cube's 'Longshots' is a heartwarmer |url=https://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/tv-movies/ice-cube-longshots-heartwarmer-article-1.317033 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190506152345/https://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/tv-movies/ice-cube-longshots-heartwarmer-article-1.317033 |archive-date=May 6, 2019 |access-date=September 11, 2020 |website=[[New York Daily News]]}}</ref> Gaskiya Jackson, VP ya ƙare a shekara ta 2011.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gemmill |first=Allie |date=April 22, 2020 |title=Keke Palmer Hinted at a "True Jackson V.P." Reboot on TikTok |url=https://www.teenvogue.com/story/keke-palmer-true-jackson-vp-reboot-tiktok |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200422211149/https://www.teenvogue.com/story/keke-palmer-true-jackson-vp-reboot-tiktok |archive-date=April 22, 2020 |access-date=September 11, 2020 |website=[[Teen Vogue]]}}</ref> === Shekaru na 2010 === Palmer debuted as the voice of Aisha in Nickelodeon's revival of ''Winx Club''. She received an NAACP Image Award nomination for her voiceover work.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Couch |first=Aaron |date=February 1, 2013 |title=2013 Image Winners |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/naacp-image-awards-winners-announced-417553/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201043817/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/naacp-image-awards-winners-announced-417553 |archive-date=December 1, 2017 |access-date=February 24, 2022 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> In 2012, Palmer starred in the film ''Joyful Noise'', released in January 2012. She produced and starred in ''Rags'', a television musical film, as well as voiced Peaches in ''Ice Age: Continental Drift''.<ref>{{Cite web |date=January 11, 2011 |title=Keke Palmer Plots Strong 2011 With TV, Film, Music and Animations |url=http://www.singersroom.com/news/6672/Keke-Palmer-Plots-Strong-2011-With-TV-Film-Music-and-Animations |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716073552/http://www.singersroom.com/news/6672/Keke-Palmer-Plots-Strong-2011-With-TV-Film-Music-and-Animations |archive-date=July 16, 2011 |access-date=November 26, 2012 |publisher=Singersroom}}</ref> In July 2012, Palmer released the single "You Got Me" featuring Kevin McCall. The video for the single was released on July 11, 2012.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Video: Keke Palmer f/ Kevin McCall – 'You Got Me' |url=http://www.rap-up.com/2012/07/11/video-keke-palmer-f-kevin-mccall-you-got-me/#more-129552 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121216182700/http://www.rap-up.com/2012/07/11/video-keke-palmer-f-kevin-mccall-you-got-me/#more-129552 |archive-date=December 16, 2012 |access-date=November 26, 2012 |publisher=Rap-Up}}</ref> She released a self-titled mixtape ''Keke Palmer'' on October 1, 2012.<ref>{{Cite web |date=September 26, 2012 |title=Exclusive Preview: Keke Palmer Reveals Self-Titled Mixtape Snippets |url=http://www.thisisrnb.com/2012/09/exclusive-preview-keke-palmer-reveals-self-titled-mixtape-snippets/#more-47217 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121030143618/http://www.thisisrnb.com/2012/09/exclusive-preview-keke-palmer-reveals-self-titled-mixtape-snippets/#more-47217 |archive-date=October 30, 2012 |access-date=November 26, 2012 |publisher=Thisisrnb}}</ref> In 2013, Palmer portrayed Rozonda "Chilli" Thomas in the TLC biopic, ''CrazySexyCool: The TLC Story'',<ref>{{Cite web |date=February 19, 2013 |title=CrazySexyCool: The TLC Story Cast Member – Keke Palmer |url=http://www.vh1.com/shows/crazysexycool_tlc_story/cast_member.jhtml?personalityId=16242 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131023144346/http://www.vh1.com/shows/crazysexycool_tlc_story/cast_member.jhtml?personalityId=16242 |archive-date=October 23, 2013 |access-date=October 18, 2013 |publisher=VH1}}</ref> which aired in October on VH1. In 2014, she starred in the horror film ''Animal'', which was released on June 17. Palmer then recurred during the second season of Showtime's drama series ''Masters of Sex'', portraying Coral, a nanny.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ng |first=Philiana |date=March 12, 2014 |title=Keke Palmer Joins 'Masters of Sex' |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/tv/tv-news/keke-palmer-joins-masters-sex-687960/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140609102319/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/keke-palmer-joins-masters-sex-687960 |archive-date=June 9, 2014 |access-date=February 24, 2022}}</ref> That same year, Palmer hosted a daytime talk show on BET titled ''Just Keke''. In doing so, she became one of the youngest talk show hosts in television history; the show itself has been regarded as "groundbreaking" and "refreshing".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Callender |first=Samantha |date=July 17, 2014 |title=Keke Palmer makes history as youngest TV talk show host |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/college/2014/07/17/keke-palmer-makes-history-as-youngest-tv-talk-show-host/37392829/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190829013055/https://www.usatoday.com/story/college/2014/07/17/keke-palmer-makes-history-as-youngest-tv-talk-show-host/37392829/ |archive-date=August 29, 2019 |access-date=September 11, 2020 |website=[[USA Today]]}}</ref> In September 2014, Palmer became the first African American to star as the title character in the musical ''Cinderella'' on Broadway.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Miller |first=Julie |date=August 4, 2014 |title=Keke Palmer on Becoming Broadway's First African-American Cinderella |url=https://www.vanityfair.com/vf-hollywood/keke-palmer-cinderella-broadway |url-status=live |journal=[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150203031311/http://www.vanityfair.com/vf-hollywood/keke-palmer-cinderella-broadway |archive-date=February 3, 2015 |access-date=April 17, 2020}}</ref> She performed her final show during the closing night of the show's run on January 4, 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Butler |first=Karen |date=January 4, 2015 |title='Cinderella' starring Keke Palmer and NeNe Leakes closes on Broadway |url=https://www.upi.com/Entertainment_News/2015/01/04/Cinderella-starring-Keke-Palmer-and-NeNe-Leakes-closes-on-Broadway/4621420377598/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160204180737/http://www.upi.com/Entertainment_News/2015/01/04/Cinderella-starring-Keke-Palmer-and-NeNe-Leakes-closes-on-Broadway/4621420377598/ |archive-date=February 4, 2016 |access-date=September 11, 2020 |publisher=[[United Press International]]}}</ref> Later that year, Palmer announced that she had signed with [[Island Records]]. Tsakanin Satumba 2015 da Disamba 2016, ta fito a matsayin Zayday Williams a cikin jerin wasan kwaikwayo masu ban tsoro Scream Queens, wanda Ryan Murphy ya kirkira.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ruth |first=Wolfgang |date=December 27, 2019 |title=Now We Scream: Ryan Murphy's Camp, Queer Decade |url=https://www.papermag.com/ryan-murphy-tv-shows-2010s-2642244401.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191227211401/https://www.papermag.com/ryan-murphy-tv-shows-2010s-2642244401.html |archive-date=December 27, 2019 |access-date=September 11, 2020 |website=[[Paper (magazine)|Paper]]}}</ref> A watan Janairun 2016, Palmer ta fito a matsayin Marty Maraschino a cikin talabijin na musamman Grease: Live . Brittany Spanos na Rolling Stone ya ɗauki aikin Palmer "mai ban sha'awa" kuma ya nuna cewa ta "tsayawa, amincewa da jin dadi". A watan Yuni, Palmer ta saki Waited to Exhale, wani kundin da ta rubuta a lokacin da take kan True Jackson, VP wanda ba a sake shi ba saboda matsalolin lakabi da kuma "damuwa".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Puckett |first=Lily |date=June 28, 2016 |title=Keke Palmer Opens Up About Her Struggles with Depression and Anxiety |url=https://www.teenvogue.com/story/keke-palmer-depression-anxiety-waited-to-exhale-album |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170911191529/http://www.teenvogue.com/story/keke-palmer-depression-anxiety-waited-to-exhale-album |archive-date=September 11, 2017 |access-date=September 11, 2020 |website=[[Teen Vogue]]}}</ref> A ranar 4 ga watan Nuwamba, Palmer ta fitar da wasan kwaikwayo na biyu, mai taken ''Lauren'', tare da gajeren fim na minti 17 na wannan sunan da aka saki kawai a shafin yanar gizon ''Billboard''. A cikin 2017, Palmer ta fitar da tarihinta, Ba na cikin Kai: Saurin Sauti da Neman Muryarka. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kroll |first=Justin |date=May 8, 2017 |title=Keke Palmer Signs With UTA |url=https://variety.com/2017/tv/news/keke-palmer-uta-1202418591/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190606092158/https://variety.com/2017/tv/news/keke-palmer-uta-1202418591/ |archive-date=June 6, 2019 |access-date=September 11, 2020 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]}}</ref> A wannan shekarar, ta shiga jerin wasan kwaikwayo na Berlin Station a lokacin kakar wasa ta biyu.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Petski |first=Denise |date=February 24, 2017 |title='Berlin Station': Keke Palmer Joins Epix Drama Series For Season 2 |url=https://deadline.com/2017/02/berlin-station-keke-palmer-epix-drama-series-for-season-2-1201973188/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200301045733/https://deadline.com/2017/02/berlin-station-keke-palmer-epix-drama-series-for-season-2-1201973188/ |archive-date=March 1, 2020 |access-date=April 17, 2020 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2019, Palmer ya fara baƙo tare da shirya shirye-shiryen tattaunawa na rana na [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] ''Strahan da Sara'', a wasu lokutan yana cikawa ga mai karɓar bakuncin Michael Strahan kuma yana farawa a kai a kai a watan Yuni yayin [[Hutun iyaye|hutun haihuwa]] na Sara Haines.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Keegan |first=Kayla |date=July 2, 2019 |title=Why Is Keke Palmer Hosting 'Strahan and Sara' – Why She's on With 'GMA' Star Michael Strahan |url=https://www.goodhousekeeping.com/life/entertainment/a28246627/gma-keke-palmer-hosting-strahan-and-sara/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190702182939/https://www.goodhousekeeping.com/life/entertainment/a28246627/gma-keke-palmer-hosting-strahan-and-sara/ |archive-date=July 2, 2019 |access-date=September 11, 2020 |website=[[Good Housekeeping]]}}</ref> Ta shiga jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na Scream a matsayin jerin na yau da kullun a kakar wasa ta uku, tana nuna wani hali mai suna Kym Johnson, wanda aka fara a ranar 8 ga Yuli, 2019. <ref name="Deadline">{{Cite web |last=Petski |first=Denise |date=September 13, 2017 |title='Scream': Keke Palmer, RJ Cyler, Jessica Sula, More Round Out Season 3 Cast |url=https://deadline.com/2017/09/scream-keke-palmer-rj-cyler-jessica-sula-giorgia-whigham-giullian-yao-gioiello-season-3-cast-1202169106/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170913220828/http://deadline.com/2017/09/scream-keke-palmer-rj-cyler-jessica-sula-giorgia-whigham-giullian-yao-gioiello-season-3-cast-1202169106/ |archive-date=September 13, 2017 |access-date=September 13, 2017 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Samhan |first=Jamie |date=June 24, 2019 |title='Scream' Reboot Gets Trailer With Cameo From Paris Jackson |url=https://etcanada.com/news/467876/scream-reboot-gets-trailer-with-cameo-from-paris-jackson/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190626202446/https://etcanada.com/news/467876/scream-reboot-gets-trailer-with-cameo-from-paris-jackson/ |archive-date=June 26, 2019 |access-date=June 25, 2019 |website=[[Entertainment Tonight Canada]]}}</ref> A ranar 26 ga watan Agusta, Palmer ya zama na uku na dindindin na ''Strahan da Sara'', wanda aka sake masa suna ''Strahan, Sara da Keke'' . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Steinberg |first=Brian |date=August 26, 2019 |title=ABC Makes More Changes to its 'GMA' Extension |url=https://variety.com/2019/tv/news/good-morning-america-michael-strahan-sara-haines-keke-palmer-1203313977/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190826155245/https://variety.com/2019/tv/news/good-morning-america-michael-strahan-sara-haines-keke-palmer-1203313977/ |archive-date=August 26, 2019 |access-date=August 26, 2019 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]}}</ref> A watan Satumba, Palmer ta fito a matsayin "lovestruck stripper" a cikin fim din wasan kwaikwayo na aikata laifuka Hustlers, wanda Lorene Scafaria ta jagoranta.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Desta |first=Yohana |date=September 13, 2019 |title=Keke Palmer Wants Jennifer Lopez to Nab That Hustlers Oscar Nom, Too |url=https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2019/09/keke-palmer-hustlers-jennifer-lopez-interview |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809001516/https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2019/09/keke-palmer-hustlers-jennifer-lopez-interview |archive-date=August 9, 2020 |access-date=September 11, 2020 |website=[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]]}}</ref> Ta raira waƙar "Giants" a matsayin wani ɓangare na ƙungiyar kama-da-wane mai suna True Damage, inda ta yi muryar wani hali mai suna Senna, a cikin wasan bidiyo League of Legends na Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |title='League of Legends' Debuts True Damage 'Giants' Music Video Ahead Of Worlds |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/paultassi/2019/11/10/league-of-legends-debuts-true-damage-giants-music-video-ahead-of-worlds/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191110211900/https://www.forbes.com/sites/paultassi/2019/11/10/league-of-legends-debuts-true-damage-giants-music-video-ahead-of-worlds/ |archive-date=November 10, 2019 |access-date=November 10, 2019 |website=[[Forbes (magazine)|Forbes]]}}</ref> Waƙar ta ƙunshi mawaƙa Becky G da Soyeon da kuma rappers Duckworth da Thutmose a matsayin sauran membobin ƙungiyar. A watan Nuwamba, True Damage ya yi waƙar kai tsaye a lokacin bikin buɗe wasan karshe. === Shekaru na 2020 === [[Fayil:Keke_Palmer_in_2024_(2).jpg|thumb|Palmer yana yin wasan kwaikwayon a Babban Birnin Girma a 2024]] ''Strahan, Sara da Keke'' sun ƙare ba zato ba tsammani a watan Maris na 2020 lokacin da annobar COVID-''1'' ta ƙare shirye-shiryen studio ta hanyar masana'antu, kuma ABC ta yanke shawarar canza lokacin zuwa labarai.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Aviles |first=Gwen |date=July 21, 2020 |title=Keke Palmer condemns rumors that her show was canceled because of Black Lives Matter activism |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/pop-culture/pop-culture-news/keke-palmer-condemns-rumors-her-show-was-canceled-because-black-n1234457 |access-date=November 2, 2020 |publisher=[[NBC News]]}}</ref> Palmer daga baya ya sami kyautar Daytime Emmy Award don Mai gabatar da jawabi na nishaɗi tare da Haines da Strahan . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nordyke |first=Kimberly |last2=Howard |first2=Annie |date=May 21, 2020 |title=Daytime Emmy Awards: 'General Hospital' Tops Nominations |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/lists/daytime-emmy-awards-2020-full-list-nominees-1289414/item/outstanding-drama-series-1289415 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200606061050/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/lists/daytime-emmy-awards-2020-full-list-nominees-1289414/item/outstanding-drama-series-1289415 |archive-date=June 6, 2020 |access-date=May 22, 2020 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> A wannan shekarar, Palmer ta fara fitowa a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na yanar gizo mai suna Turnt Up with the Taylors, inda ta nuna dukkan haruffa. Ta fitar da wani wasa mai suna ''Virgo Tendencies, Pt.'' 1 a ranar 28 ga watan Agusta.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Vanderhoof |first=Erin |date=August 27, 2020 |title=Inside Keke Palmer's VMAs Plan: A COVID-Era Awards Show That Honors New York |url=https://www.vanityfair.com/style/2020/08/keke-palmer-vmas-new-ep-interview |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200830142154/https://www.vanityfair.com/style/2020/08/keke-palmer-vmas-new-ep-interview |archive-date=August 30, 2020 |access-date=September 11, 2020 |website=[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]]}}</ref> A ranar 30 ga watan Agusta, Palmer ta dauki bakuncin lambar yabo ta MTV Video Music Awards ta 2020, a lokacin da ta kuma yi waƙarta "Snack".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Friedman |first=Vanessa |date=August 31, 2020 |title=Lady Gaga's Masks Win the V.M.A.s |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/31/style/lady-gaga-masks-vmas.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200908114535/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/31/style/lady-gaga-masks-vmas.html |archive-date=September 8, 2020 |access-date=September 11, 2020 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Haylock |first=Zoe |date=August 30, 2020 |title=VMAs 2020: Keke Palmer 'Snack' Performance: WATCH |url=https://www.vulture.com/2020/08/vmas-2020-keke-palmer-snack-performance.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200903212014/https://www.vulture.com/2020/08/vmas-2020-keke-palmer-snack-performance.html |archive-date=September 3, 2020 |access-date=September 11, 2020 |website=[[New York (magazine)|Vulture]]}}</ref> A watan Disamba na 2020, ta fitar da EP mai biyo baya - ''Virgo Tendencies, Pt. '' ''2 –{{Spaced en dash}}'' .<ref>{{Cite web |last=Folk |first=Antwane |date=December 11, 2020 |title=Stream Keke Palmer's New EP 'Virgo Tendencies, Pt. 2' |url=https://ratedrnb.com/2020/12/stream-keke-palmer-new-ep-virgo-tendencies-pt-2/ |website=Rated RnB}}</ref> A shekara mai zuwa, Palmer ta lashe lambar yabo ta Primetime Emmy don fitacciyar 'yar wasan kwaikwayo a cikin gajeren wasan kwaikwayo ko wasan kwaikwayo don rawar da ta taka a Turnt Up tare da Taylors . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Elber |first=Lynn |date=September 13, 2021 |title=Emmys: 'SNL' hosts Dave Chappelle, Maya Rudolph win guest actor awards |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/entertainment/tv/2021/09/13/emmys-snl-hosts-dave-chappelle-maya-rudolph-win-guest-actor-awards/8314413002/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210913130446/https://www.usatoday.com/story/entertainment/tv/2021/09/13/emmys-snl-hosts-dave-chappelle-maya-rudolph-win-guest-actor-awards/8314413002/ |archive-date=September 13, 2021 |access-date=September 17, 2021 |website=[[USA Today]]}}</ref> Daga baya a cikin wannan shekarar, Palmer ta dauki bakuncin sake farawa na wasan kwaikwayo na MTV na 90 mai suna Singled Out tare da Joel Kim Booster a matsayin mai karɓar bakuncin ga cibiyar sadarwar sabis na kan layi na Quibi. A cikin 2021, ta dauki bakuncin jerin wasannin gaskiya na Foodtastic don Disney+. {{Spaced en dash}} A cikin 2022, Palmer ta fito a cikin ''Alice'', wanda Krystin Ver Linden ya jagoranta, wanda aka fara gabatar da shi a duniya a bikin fina-finai na Sundance na 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |last=D'Alessandro |first=Anthony |last2=Patten |first2=Dominic |date=December 9, 2021 |title=Sundance 2022: Hybrid Festival Sees Princess Diana, Michael Kenneth Williams, Dakota Johnson, Bill Cosby, NYC Rock'n'Roll & Regina Hall Fill Lineup |url=https://deadline.com/2021/12/sundance-film-festival-2022-lineup-films-competition-midnight-spotlight-kids-next-full-list-1234886826/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211209200942/https://deadline.com/2021/12/sundance-film-festival-2022-lineup-films-competition-midnight-spotlight-kids-next-full-list-1234886826/ |archive-date=December 9, 2021 |access-date=December 9, 2021 |website=Deadline |language=en-US}}</ref> Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da labari a kan Not So Pretty, wani shirin da ke binciken masana'antar kyawawan abubuwa wanda Kirby Dick da Amy Ziering suka jagoranta don HBO Max.<ref>{{Cite web |date=April 7, 2022 |title=Max Original Documentary Not So Pretty, Directed By Oscar-Nominated Filmmakers Kirby Dick And Amy Ziering, Debuts April 14 |url=https://pressroom.warnermedia.com/us/media-release/max-original-documentary-not-so-pretty-narrated-keke-palmer-debuts-april-14 |access-date=April 16, 2022 |website=[[WarnerMedia]]}}</ref> Palmer kuma ya bayyana halin Izzy Hawthorne a cikin fim din Pixar mai suna Lightyear, wani nau'i na Jerin fina-finai na Toy Story . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bastos |first=Margarida |date=February 8, 2022 |title='Lightyear' Full Voice Cast Includes Taika Waititi, Keke Palmer, James Brolin, and More |url=https://collider.com/lightyear-voice-cast-taika-waititi-keke-palmer-james-brolin/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220303215134/https://collider.com/lightyear-voice-cast-taika-waititi-keke-palmer-james-brolin/ |archive-date=March 3, 2022 |access-date=March 8, 2022 |website=Collider}}</ref> A wannan shekarar, ta fito a matsayin Emerald Haywood a cikin Jordan Peele-directed science-fiction horror ''Nope'' wanda ta sami kulawa mai mahimmanci; aikinta ya lashe kyautar New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Supporting Actress . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kroll |first=Justin |date=February 16, 2021 |title=Jordan Peele Taps Keke Palmer To Star in The Director's New Secret Project |url=https://deadline.com/2021/02/jordan-peele-keke-palmer-film-1234694742/ |access-date=April 16, 2022 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> A watan Agustan 2022, Palmer ya fara aiki a matsayin mai karɓar bakuncin sake farawa na [[NBC]] na wasan kwaikwayon Password, tare da Jimmy Fallon a matsayin babban furodusa / baƙo mai daraja na dindindin.<ref>{{Cite web |last=White |first=Peter |date=April 12, 2022 |title=Keke Palmer To Host 'Password' Reboot For NBC From Jimmy Fallon |url=https://deadline.com/2022/04/keke-palmer-to-host-password-reboot-nbc-jimmy-fallon-1235000771/ |access-date=April 12, 2022 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> A cikin abubuwan da suka faru uku na karshe na Karma's World, a watan Satumbar 2022, Palmer ya bayyana Cece Dupree, mai ba da labari da rashin tausayi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Germain |first=Tabie |date=February 7, 2023 |title=2023 NAACP Image Awards: Experience Keke Palmer's Magic Behind the Mic: Her Most Unforgettable Voiceover Performances Yet! |url=https://www.bet.com/article/d4h5kq/2023-naacp-image-awards-keke-palmer-voiceover-nominee |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230220013222/https://www.bet.com/article/d4h5kq/2023-naacp-image-awards-keke-palmer-voiceover-nominee |archive-date=February 20, 2023 |website=[[BET]]}}</ref> A ranar 9 ga Fabrairu, 2023, an ba da sanarwar cewa an shirya Palmer don fitowa tare da Sacha Baron Cohen a fim din David O. Russell Super Toys . Fim din wani lokaci ne da aka kafa a cikin shekarun 1970s.<sup a="" href="./Boyfriend_(Usher_song)" rel="mw:WikiLink">Aboki="#mwt235" class="mw-ref reference" data-cx="{}" data-mw="{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-72","html":"<nowiki><span typeof=\"mw:Transclusion\" data-mw=\"{&amp;quot;name&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;templatestyles&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;attrs&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;src&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;body&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;extsrc&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;parts&amp;quot;:[{&amp;quot;template&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;target&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;cite web&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;href&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;./Template:Cite_web&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;params&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;url&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;https://www.indiewire.com/2023/02/keke-palmer-sacha-baron-cohen-david-o-russell-1234808477/&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;title&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Keke Palmer and Sacha Baron Cohen Will Star in David O. Russell's 'Super Toys'&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;first&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Wilson&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;last&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Chapman&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;website&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;[[IndieWire]]&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;date&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;February 9, 2023&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;access-date&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;February 9, 2023&amp;quot;}},&amp;quot;i&amp;quot;:0}}]}\" data-ve-no-generated-contents=\"true\" id=\"mwCQg\">&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki><nowiki><cite about=\"#mwt233\" class=\"citation web cs1\" id=\"CITEREFChapman2023\" data-ve-ignore=\"\">Chapman, Wilson (February 9, 2023). <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.indiewire.com/2023/02/keke-palmer-sacha-baron-cohen-david-o-russell-1234808477/\" id=\"mwCQk\" rel=\"mw:ExtLink nofollow\">\"Keke Palmer and Sacha Baron Cohen Will Star in David O. Russell's 'Super Toys'\"</a></nowiki>. <nowiki><i id=\"mwCQs\"><a class=\"cx-link\" data-linkid=\"953\" href=\"./IndieWire\" id=\"mwCQw\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" title=\"IndieWire\">IndieWire</a></nowiki><nowiki></i></nowiki><nowiki><span class=\"reference-accessdate\" id=\"mwCQ0\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\" id=\"mwCQ4\">February 9,</span></nowiki> 2023<nowiki></span></nowiki>.<nowiki></cite></nowiki>"}}" id="cite_ref-72" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref">[./Keke_Palmer#cite_note-72 <span class="mw-reflink-text"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket"><nowiki>]</nowiki></span></span>]</sup><ref>{{Cite web |last=Jackson |first=Angelique |date=February 9, 2023 |title=Keke Palmer and Sacha Baron Cohen to Star in David O. Russell's 'Super Toys' |url=https://variety.com/2023/film/news/keke-palmer-sacha-baron-cohen-super-toys-david-o-russell-1235518419/ |access-date=February 12, 2023 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]}}</ref> A watan Yunin 2023, an sanar da cewa an gayyaci Palmer don shiga Kwalejin a matsayin ɗan wasan kwaikwayo.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sciences |first=Academy of Motion Picture Arts and |title=The Academy Invites 398 New Members for 2023: See the Full List |url=https://aframe.oscars.org/news/post/the-academy-new-members-2023-full-list |access-date=June 28, 2023 |website=A.frame |language=en}}</ref> Palmer ta fito a cikin bidiyon kiɗa na Usher don "Boyfriend", wanda aka saki a ranar 16 ga watan Agusta, 2023. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Manno |first=Jackie |date=August 16, 2023 |title=Usher Just Dropped His Song "Boyfriend" — And the Video Stars Keke Palmer |url=https://www.nbc.com/nbc-insider/usher-keke-palmer-new-song-video-boyfriend-details |website=NBC}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=August 15, 2023 |title=USHER - Boyfriend (Official Music Video) |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=56CW4SIqBzk |access-date=October 16, 2024 |via=YouTube}}</ref> A watan Yunin 2024, Palmer ta fara ƙungiyar 'yan mata da ake kira DivaGurl; mai kama da The Pussycat Dolls, inda [[Nicole Scherzinger]] ita ce jagorar mawaƙa, Palmer ita ce jagora ta DivaGirl . <ref>{{Cite web |last=SAMUELS |first=KIETHAN |title=Keke Palmer Forms R&B Group Diva Gurl, Shares New Song 'S.O.B.' |url=https://ratedrnb.com/2024/06/keke-palmer-group-diva-gurl-s-o-b-stand-on-business/ |access-date=January 22, 2025 |website=Ratedrnb.com}}</ref> A cikin 2025, Palmer ya jagoranci fim din One of Them Days tare da [[SZA]] kuma ya sami yabo mai yawa. == Sauran Kasuwanci == [[Fayil:Keke_Palmer_2022.jpg|thumb|Palmer a cikin 2022]] Palmer yana aiki tare da Kungiyoyin Yara da 'Yan Mata na shirin agaji na Amurka Cool To Be Smart, yana magana da yara game da muhimmancin ilmantarwa. Har ila yau, tana goyon bayan Urban Farming da Girl Scouts . <ref name="looktothestars.org">{{Cite web |title=Keke Palmer's Charity Work, Events and Causes |url=http://www.looktothestars.org/celebrity/1727-keke-palmer |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120726112812/http://www.looktothestars.org/celebrity/1727-keke-palmer |archive-date=July 26, 2012 |access-date=November 26, 2012 |publisher=Look to the Stars}}</ref> Ta yi aiki tare da YWCA da Saving Our Daughters . <ref name="looktothestars.org" /> Ya zuwa shekara ta 2010, Palmer ya kasance wakilin aikin Saving Our Daughters, kamfen ɗin yaki da zalunci.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MIXTAPE AVAILABLE |url=http://kekepalmer.com/index.php/?p=2139 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111128112930/http://kekepalmer.com/index.php/?p=2139 |archive-date=November 28, 2011 |access-date=November 26, 2012 |publisher=KekePalmer.com}}</ref> Ita ce mai goyon bayan kungiyar Black Lives Matter . <ref>{{Cite web |last=VanHoose |first=Benjamin |date=July 20, 2020 |title=Keke Palmer Denies Show Canceled Because of Her Black Lives Matter Support |url=https://people.com/tv/keke-palmer-shuts-down-rumor-her-gma-show-was-canceled-because-she-spoke-up-amid-blm-dont-believe-this-lie/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200831050403/https://people.com/tv/keke-palmer-shuts-down-rumor-her-gma-show-was-canceled-because-she-spoke-up-amid-blm-dont-believe-this-lie/ |archive-date=August 31, 2020 |access-date=September 11, 2020 |website=[[People (magazine)|People]]}}</ref> A cikin 2020, ta yi tafiya a Hollywood, California, a matsayin wani ɓangare na zanga-zangar George Floyd . A wannan shekarar, ta yi jawabi ga motsi a lokacin da ta bude jawabin a 2020 MTV Video Music Awards.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Medrano |first=Diego |date=August 30, 2020 |title=Read Keke Palmer's VMAs monologue: "It's time to be the change we want to see" |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/music/story/2020-08-30/keke-palmer-vmas-opening-monologue-transcript |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200910062441/https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/music/story/2020-08-30/keke-palmer-vmas-opening-monologue-transcript |archive-date=September 10, 2020 |access-date=September 11, 2020 |website=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref> An haɗa Palmer a cikin jerin 100 na gaba na Time a watan Nuwamba na 2019, wanda "ya nuna taurari 100 masu tasowa waɗanda ke tsara makomar kasuwanci, nishaɗi, wasanni, siyasa, kimiyya, kiwon lafiya da sauransu". A cikin 2022, Palmer ta ƙaddamar da dandalin abun ciki na nishaɗi na dijital, mai taken KeyTV Network . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Clayton |date=October 13, 2022 |title=Keke Palmer’s New Digital Channel KeyTV Gets Launch Date (EXCLUSIVE) |url=https://variety.com/2022/tv/news/keke-palmer-key-tv-launch-date-1235402265/# |website=Variety}}</ref> A cikin 2026, Palmer ya fara aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga ɗaliban UCLA da ke karatu a Makarantar Wasanni, Fim da Talabijin a matsayin wani ɓangare na shirin su na "Artist-In-Residence". Palmer's KeyTV tana rarraba ayyukan ɗalibai uku a kowace shekara.<ref>{{Cite web |last=O'Connell |first=Mikey |date=2026-06-11 |title=Keke Palmer Heading to UCLA With New Artist-In-Residence Program |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/business/business-news/keke-palmer-ucla-keytv-1236619377/ |access-date=2026-06-16 |website=The Hollywood Reporter |language=en-US}}</ref> == Ayyuka na zane-zane == Palmer's first studio album, ''So Uncool'', was heavily influenced by contemporary R&amp;amp;B, and was described by the album's producers as "bright, bouncy, and melodic enough to appeal to teens and pre-teens. Fans of dancey teen pop will want to give this auspicious debut a listen."<ref>{{Cite web |date=September 18, 2007 |title=Keke Palmer-So Uncool CD Album |url=http://www.cduniverse.com/productinfo.asp?pid=7486356&style=music&fulldesc=T |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160115150642/http://www.cduniverse.com/productinfo.asp?pid=7486356&style=music&fulldesc=T |archive-date=January 15, 2016 |access-date=November 26, 2012 |publisher=Cduniverse.com}}</ref> Palmer was influenced by American R&B singers [[Ciara]], [[Janet Jackson]], [[Michael Jackson]], [[Mariah Carey]], Aaliyah, Brandy, Mary J. Blige, and [[Whitney Houston]] as well as girl group TLC.<ref>{{Cite web |title=5 questions for … KeKe Palmer &#124; Ebony &#124; Find Articles |url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1077/is_2_63/ai_n21147752/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120615171434/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1077/is_2_63/ai_n21147752/ |archive-date=June 15, 2012 |access-date=July 12, 2012}}</ref> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template " style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Ingancin tushen bayani|<span title="Only page one archived, names not in first page. (November 2024)">failed verification</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> Among her R&B influences, Palmer also cites pop artists Gwen Stefani, Selena and Avril Lavigne.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Keke Palmer Dishes on Influences for Upcoming Album |url=http://www.eonline.com/videos/246755/keke-palmer-dishes-on-influences-for-upcoming-album |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161011221941/http://www.eonline.com/videos/246755/keke-palmer-dishes-on-influences-for-upcoming-album |archive-date=October 11, 2016 |access-date=September 6, 2016 |publisher=[[E!]]}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta mutum == === Lafiya === Palmer tana da amblyopia, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Rose |first=Sandra |date=February 26, 2024 |title=Keke Palmer says son Leodis 'has a lazy eye like me' |url=https://sandrarose.com/2024/02/keke-palmer-says-son-leodis-has-a-lazy-eye-like-me/ |access-date=August 12, 2024 |website=sandrarose.com}}</ref> kuma ta magance cutar Polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome na yawancin rayuwarta. Ta kuma yi fama da [[Anxiety|damuwa]] da baƙin ciki.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stump |first=Scott |date=December 2, 2020 |title=Keke Palmer reveals PCOS has been 'attacking me from the inside out' |url=https://www.today.com/health/keke-palmer-reveals-pcos-diagnosis-t202303 |access-date=February 2, 2021 |website=[[Today (American TV program)|Today]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Williams |first=Abigail |date=January 31, 2017 |title=Keke Palmer Refuses To Stay Silent When It Comes To Mental Health |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/keke-palmer-anxiety-depression_n_5890b78be4b0522c7d3d30e3 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190205081014/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/keke-palmer-anxiety-depression_n_5890b78be4b0522c7d3d30e3 |archive-date=February 5, 2019 |access-date=September 11, 2020 |website=[[HuffPost]]}}</ref> === Jima'i === Palmer ta ce ba ta son jima'i da aka bayyana ta hanyar lakabi; ta yi imanin cewa ya kamata mutane su kasance masu ruwa tare da lakafta kansu, kamar yadda asalin su zai iya canzawa. A watan Fabrairun 2017, a lokacin wata hira a kan The Wendy Williams Show, lokacin da Williams ta tambaye ta ko tana da jima'i, Palmer ta amsa, "Na so wanda ke ƙaunarta. Soyayya ta bayyana ta mutum, kuma abin da nake ji a yau ba shine abin da nake jin shekaru biyar daga yanzu ba. Ba na son iyakance kaina ga jin ɗaya ko ra'ayin wani abu ba. " Yayin da yake karɓar lambar yabo a Cibiyar LGBT Angeles a 2023, Palmer ta ce tana jin "ko da yaushe an yarda da ita kuma wani ɓangare na" Al'ummar LGBTQ.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Malkin |first=Marc |date=April 23, 2023 |title=Keke Palmer Talks Sexuality and Gender, Says She's a 'Little Bit of Everything' |url=https://variety.com/2023/awards/news/keke-palmer-lgbt-center-sexuality-1235591696/ |access-date=February 1, 2025 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]}}</ref> A cikin 2019, a matsayin wani ɓangare na Kamfen ɗin #YouKnowMe, ta raba ta hanyar Twitter cewa ta [[zubar da ciki]] tana da shekaru 24.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Saad |first=Nardine |date=May 15, 2019 |title=Busy Philipps' #youknowme campaign prompts emotional abortion stories |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/tv/la-et-st-busy-philipps-youknowme-abortion-awareness-20190515-story.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190515205518/https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/tv/la-et-st-busy-philipps-youknowme-abortion-awareness-20190515-story.html |archive-date=May 15, 2019 |access-date=May 15, 2019 |website=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref> A wata hira da mujallar People a 2024, Palmer ta bayyana cewa an yi mata lalata tun tana yarinya kuma ba ta fahimci hakan ba har sai da ta karanta littafi game da cin zarafin jima'i.<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 30, 2024 |title=Keke Palmer Breaks Her Silence on Toxic Relationship with Ex and Navigating Motherhood PEOPLE |url=https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=cwipFypywZU&pp=ygULS2VrZSBwYWxtZXI%3D |access-date=2024-10-30 |via=[[YouTube]]}}</ref> A ranar 14 ga Fabrairu, 2026, Palmer ta wallafa a cikin wani rubutun Instagram cewa "kusan 100% tabbatacciya ce ba ta da jima'i".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Monteil |first=Abby |date=February 17, 2026 |title=Keke Palmer Is "Almost 100% Sure" She's Asexual |url=https://www.them.us/story/keke-palmer-says-she-is-asexual-valentines-day |access-date=2026-03-07 |website=[[Them (magazine)|Them]]}}</ref> === Dangantaka === A watan Yunin 2021, Palmer ta fara yin soyayya da malamin motsa jiki Darius Jackson . Yayinda take karbar bakuncin Asabar Night Live a ranar 3 ga Disamba, 2022, Palmer ta sanar da cewa tana tsammanin ɗanta na farko tare da Jackson.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tinoco |first=Armando |date=December 3, 2022 |title=Keke Palmer Reveals In ''SNL'' Monologue Laurence Fishburne Read Her "For Filth" & Flashes Baby Bump |url=https://deadline.com/2022/12/keke-palmer-reveals-snl-monologue-laurence-fishburne-read-her-for-filth-flashes-pregnant-baby-bump-1235188568/ |access-date=December 4, 2022 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Forde |first=Kisha |date=December 5, 2022 |title=Keke Palmer Spoke About Balancing Career and Family Before Pregnancy Reveal |url=https://www.eonline.com/news/1356953/keke-palmer-spoke-about-balancing-career-and-family-before-pregnancy-reveal |access-date=December 5, 2022 |website=[[E!]]}}</ref> An haifi ɗansu a watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2023. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Respers |first=Lisa |date=February 28, 2023 |title=Keke Palmer welcomes her first child |url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/02/28/entertainment/keke-palmer-baby/index.html |access-date=February 28, 2023 |website=[[CNN]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=BIG BOSS 🔑🔑 on Instagram: "Hey Son!!!! 1. Only 48hrs of being parents! 😳 2. Darius always made me playlists when we first started dating, "Someone" by El Debarge was a favorite. We became each other's someone and made a someone, look at God! 😆 3. The baby love Rolling Ray, cause purrr. 4. "I'm not hiding the world from my son, I'm hiding my son from the world." Hahaha 5. I'm just playing, my baby face is on this slide. 6. And this slide 🤣🥹😅😍❤️🙏🏾😇😭 Born during Black History Month, with a name to match 😄! LEODIS ANDRELLTON JACKSON, welcome to the world baby Leo." |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CpLyeXgsON0/?img_index=6 |url-access=subscription |access-date=October 16, 2024 |website=Instagram.com}}</ref> Palmer da Jackson sun rabu a watan Oktoba na 2023, biyo bayan jerin abubuwan da ake zargi da su da ke kewaye da tashin hankali na cikin gida a duk lokacin da suke da alakarsu.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dasrath |first=Diana |last2=Minyvonne Burke |date=November 10, 2023 |title=Keke Palmer accuses ex-boyfriend Darius Jackson of abuse, judge grants temporary restraining order |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/keke-palmer-accuses-ex-boyfriend-darius-jackson-abuse-judge-grants-tem-rcna124592# |access-date=November 10, 2023 |website=[[NBC News]]}}</ref> A watan Nuwamba na wannan shekarar, an ba Palmer umarni na wucin gadi a kan Jackson da kuma kula da ɗansu na wucine. Ta sauke buƙatun a watan Mayu na shekara ta 2024 kuma an soke sauraron umarnin hana tashin hankali na cikin gida.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Paul |first=Larisha |date=December 18, 2023 |title=Darius Jackson Accuses Keke Palmer of Abuse in Response to Actress' Restraining Order Request |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/tv-movies/tv-movie-news/keke-palmer-darius-jackson-retraining-order-request-response-1234932046/ |access-date=July 2, 2024 |website=[[RollingStone]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=May 26, 2024 |title=KeKe Palmer Drops Restraining Order and Custody Request Against Darius Jackson |url=https://thesource.com/2024/05/26/keke-palmer-drops-restraining-order-and-custody-request-against-darius-jackson/ |access-date=July 2, 2024 |website=The Source}}</ref> == MANAZARTA == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1993]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] hujul3sqr31kkytbxon5cgwl24mmj04 0 161022 878501 2026-07-07T13:10:50Z Arcdanumma047 38699 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1322860418|Sports school]]" 878501 wikitext text/x-wiki Makarantar '''wasanni''' ( Russian ) wani nau'in cibiyar ilimi ce ga yara wanda ya samo asali daga [[Tarayyar Sobiyet|Tarayyar Soviet]] . Makarantun wasanni sune tushen tsarin al'adun motsa jiki (motsa jiki) da ilimin wasanni a cikin Tarayyar Soviet da Gabashin Bloc, musamman Gabashin Jamus . Manyan fasalulluka na wannan tsarin sun kasance a cikin tsarin ilimin wasanni a Rasha da sauran jihohin bayan Soviet, kuma sun zama tushen irin wannan tsarin a wasu ƙasashe, ɗaya daga cikin mafi ƙarfi a yanzu shine na [[Sin|Jamhuriyar Jama'ar China]] . 'Yan wasa da yawa masu ban sha'awa, kamar Nikolai Andrianov, Nellie Kim, Alexander Popov, Viktor Krovopuskov, Vladislav Tretiak, Valeri Kharlamov, Katarina Witt, Anatoly Alyabyev da Sergey Bubka sun fara hanyarsu ta samun nasarar [[Gasar Olympic|Olympics]] daga makarantun wasanni na Soviet. Haka kuma ana samun su a Asiya, a ƙasashe kamar Singapore, Malaysia da Ostiraliya. == Kafa da shekarun farko == An kafa tsarin makarantun wasanni a shekarun 1930. A shekarar 1934, an gina filin wasa na Young Pioneers a [[Moscow]], cibiyar wasanni ta musamman ta farko a cikin Tarayyar Soviet. A wannan shekarar ne ƙungiyar wasanni ta Dynamo ta kafa ƙungiyar yara ta farko; wannan wani misali ne na makarantun wasanni ta ƙungiyoyin wasanni . An buɗe makarantun wasanni na farko a shekarar 1934 a Moscow, Tbilisi, [[Kiev]], sannan aka buɗe su a [[Saint-Petersburg|Leningrad]], Rostov-on-Don, Tashkent da sauran biranen USSR; an ƙirƙira su kuma an yi aiki da su bisa ga ƙa'idodi, waɗanda ƙungiyoyin wasanni da ƙungiyoyin Soviet ta Tsakiya suka amince da su. A shekarar 1940, akwai makarantun wasanni 262 a cikin USSR kuma da dama daga cikin waɗannan makarantu suna aiki a cikin USSR ta ƙungiyar wasanni ta Dynamo, ƙungiyar wasanni ta Spartak, CDKA, ƙungiyoyin wasanni na ƙungiyoyin kwadago, OSOAVIAKHIM da kuma a cikin tsarin ilimi. A watan Afrilun 1941, an yanke shawarar ƙara yawan darussan ilimin motsa jiki a duk makarantu a cikin USSR da kuma ƙirƙirar makarantun wasanni a duk manyan biranen USSR a 1942. Ba a aiwatar da wannan shawarar ba saboda a ranar 22 ga Yuni, 1941, lokacin da sojojin Axis suka ƙaddamar da mamayar soja kan USSR . A lokacin ayyukan soja na Babban Yaƙin Duniya, mamaye yankunan yamma na USSR da kuma jefa bama-bamai ta sama a yankunan baya na USSR, an lalata wuraren wasanni da yawa, an lalata su ko kuma an daina aiki, amma bayan yaƙin an fara gyaran su. A farkon shekarun 1950, an yi canje-canje ga shirin makarantun wasanni, yayin da USSR ta shiga wasannin Olympics a 1951. A 1953, akwai makarantun wasanni 721 a cikin USSR. Banda waɗannan akwai jami'o'in wasanni na ƙasa guda biyu da gwamnati ke gudanarwa: Cibiyoyin Wasanni na Leningrad da Moscow, waɗanda su ne manyan cibiyoyin wasanni na 'yan wasa na ƙasa na matakin manya. == Makarantun musamman na Olympic Reserve (hadaddun) == Bayan da Tarayyar Soviet ta shiga a matsayin cikakken memba na kwamitin Olympics na kasa da kasa a shekara ta 1951, Makarantun Yara da Matasa na Musamman (Wasanni na Reserve na Olympics ( Russian An fara buɗewa don shirya matasa 'yan wasa don wasannin da suka fi samun nasara. Adadin irin waɗannan makarantun wasanni ya ƙaru, haka kuma adadin fannonin wasanni a cikin makarantun wasanni ya ƙaru. Ba wai kawai wasannin Olympics ba ne, har ma da fannonin wasanni na ƙasa da kuma yawon buɗe ido, shiryarwa, da sauran wasanni. A madadin haka akwai kuma Makarantar Yara da Matasa ta Musamman ta Wurin Ajiye Wasannin Olympics ( Ukrainian ). == Makarantun Manyan Wasanni == Baya ga makarantun wasanni na yau da kullun da makarantu na musamman na Reserve na Olympics, akwai kuma makarantu na ƙwararrun ƙwararrun wasanni ( Ukrainian ). == Makarantun kula da wasanni na yanki (Makarantun Olympic Reserve) == Kafin 1989 a cikin Tarayyar Soviet akwai cibiyar sadarwa na yanki na makarantun allo na bayanan wasanni ( Russian ). Yara suna rayuwa, suna karatu kuma suna samun horon wasanni na ci gaba a can. Makarantun kwana na wasanni na iya zama ko dai waɗanda suka mayar da hankali kan wasanni ɗaya ko kuma waɗanda suka shafi wasanni da yawa. A waɗannan makarantun, yara suna ɓatar da mafi yawan lokacinsu na hutu suna nazarin yin wasanni ko kuma kammala wasu ƙwarewa. A shekarar 1989, an mayar da dukkan makarantun kwana na wasanni zuwa makarantun Olympic Reserve, UOR ( Russian ). <ref name="fiskalov" /> == Tsarin gini == Makarantun wasanni sun dace da sashen gudanarwa na ƙasar: akwai makarantun wasanni na Gundumar, Birni, Oblast, Tsakiya, da Republican. Don shiga makarantar wasanni, yaro zai iya samun shawarar makarantar sakandare; ana kuma gayyatar yara su zo wani makarantar wasanni don zaɓen a lokacin darussa a wata makaranta ta yau da kullun, ko kuma su zo don zaɓen da kansu. Dangane da takamaiman fannoni daban-daban na wasanni, shekarun yara da matasa da aka shigar a makarantar wasanni yana tsakanin 8 zuwa 14. An tsara ƙungiyoyi bisa ga matsayi na 'yan wasa : akwai ƙungiyoyi daban-daban na 'yan wasa na aji na biyu, 'yan wasa na aji na farko, 'yan wasa na aji na biyu, 'yan takara na digiri na biyu na wasanni na USSR, Masters of Sports na USSR. Lokacin karatu a kowace ƙungiya shine shekara ɗaya zuwa biyu, tare da amfani da ƙa'idodi daban-daban na wasanni a kowace shekara. == Shahara == Zuwa shekarar 1971, akwai makarantun wasanni 3,813 a cikin Tarayyar Soviet, tare da horar da yara da matasa kimanin miliyan 1.3 a can. Waɗannan sun haɗa da makarantu 2,434 tare da masu halarta miliyan ɗaya a ƙarƙashin ikon tsarin ilimi da makarantu 1,245 tare da masu halarta 340,000 waɗanda ke aiki a cikin tsarin ƙungiyoyin wasanni. Kuma zuwa shekarar 1991, kimanin makarantun wasanni 6,000 ne suka yi aiki a cikin Tarayyar Soviet. == Suka == Makarantun wasanni, musamman na wuraren ajiyar wasannin Olympics, sun kasance cikin fitattun abubuwan da suka shafi cin zarafin yara. A kokarinsu na samun mafi kyawun amfani daga yara, masu horarwa da yawa suna amfani da cin zarafi da kuma azabtarwa mai tsanani da kuma wani lokacin mai muni. Lamarin ya fi muni a makarantun kwana na wasanni inda iyaye ba sa iya sarrafa kansu kuma yara suna ƙarƙashin ikon masu horarwa. Wani rashin amfani na wannan tsarin shine cewa ana ba da hankali sosai ga wasanni fiye da ilimin makaranta. Makarantun kwana na wasannin motsa jiki na wurin ajiye motoci na Olympics sun sami laƙabin "buga-da-gudu" ( Russian ; kada a rikita shi da hatsarin zirga-zirga ko wasan ƙwallon baseball), ma'ana yara galibi suna bugun ƙwallon ƙafa kuma suna gudu a filayen wasanni maimakon karatu. == Duba kuma == * Ƙungiyoyin Wasannin Sa-kai na Tarayyar Soviet * Makarantu na musamman a Tarayyar Soviet == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] lhg2ku8b1hvktijd6w0rj2p59x1r5ex 878502 878501 2026-07-07T13:11:23Z Arcdanumma047 38699 878502 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Makarantar '''wasanni''' ( Russian ) wani nau'in cibiyar ilimi ce ga yara wanda ya samo asali daga [[Tarayyar Sobiyet|Tarayyar Soviet]] . Makarantun wasanni sune tushen tsarin al'adun motsa jiki (motsa jiki) da ilimin wasanni a cikin Tarayyar Soviet da Gabashin Bloc, musamman Gabashin Jamus . Manyan fasalulluka na wannan tsarin sun kasance a cikin tsarin ilimin wasanni a Rasha da sauran jihohin bayan Soviet, kuma sun zama tushen irin wannan tsarin a wasu ƙasashe, ɗaya daga cikin mafi ƙarfi a yanzu shine na [[Sin|Jamhuriyar Jama'ar China]] . 'Yan wasa da yawa masu ban sha'awa, kamar Nikolai Andrianov, Nellie Kim, Alexander Popov, Viktor Krovopuskov, Vladislav Tretiak, Valeri Kharlamov, Katarina Witt, Anatoly Alyabyev da Sergey Bubka sun fara hanyarsu ta samun nasarar [[Gasar Olympic|Olympics]] daga makarantun wasanni na Soviet. Haka kuma ana samun su a Asiya, a ƙasashe kamar Singapore, Malaysia da Ostiraliya. == Kafa da shekarun farko == An kafa tsarin makarantun wasanni a shekarun 1930. A shekarar 1934, an gina filin wasa na Young Pioneers a [[Moscow]], cibiyar wasanni ta musamman ta farko a cikin Tarayyar Soviet. A wannan shekarar ne ƙungiyar wasanni ta Dynamo ta kafa ƙungiyar yara ta farko; wannan wani misali ne na makarantun wasanni ta ƙungiyoyin wasanni . An buɗe makarantun wasanni na farko a shekarar 1934 a Moscow, Tbilisi, [[Kiev]], sannan aka buɗe su a [[Saint-Petersburg|Leningrad]], Rostov-on-Don, Tashkent da sauran biranen USSR; an ƙirƙira su kuma an yi aiki da su bisa ga ƙa'idodi, waɗanda ƙungiyoyin wasanni da ƙungiyoyin Soviet ta Tsakiya suka amince da su. A shekarar 1940, akwai makarantun wasanni 262 a cikin USSR kuma da dama daga cikin waɗannan makarantu suna aiki a cikin USSR ta ƙungiyar wasanni ta Dynamo, ƙungiyar wasanni ta Spartak, CDKA, ƙungiyoyin wasanni na ƙungiyoyin kwadago, OSOAVIAKHIM da kuma a cikin tsarin ilimi. A watan Afrilun 1941, an yanke shawarar ƙara yawan darussan ilimin motsa jiki a duk makarantu a cikin USSR da kuma ƙirƙirar makarantun wasanni a duk manyan biranen USSR a 1942. Ba a aiwatar da wannan shawarar ba saboda a ranar 22 ga Yuni, 1941, lokacin da sojojin Axis suka ƙaddamar da mamayar soja kan USSR . A lokacin ayyukan soja na Babban Yaƙin Duniya, mamaye yankunan yamma na USSR da kuma jefa bama-bamai ta sama a yankunan baya na USSR, an lalata wuraren wasanni da yawa, an lalata su ko kuma an daina aiki, amma bayan yaƙin an fara gyaran su. A farkon shekarun 1950, an yi canje-canje ga shirin makarantun wasanni, yayin da USSR ta shiga wasannin Olympics a 1951. A 1953, akwai makarantun wasanni 721 a cikin USSR. Banda waɗannan akwai jami'o'in wasanni na ƙasa guda biyu da gwamnati ke gudanarwa: Cibiyoyin Wasanni na Leningrad da Moscow, waɗanda su ne manyan cibiyoyin wasanni na 'yan wasa na ƙasa na matakin manya. == Makarantun musamman na Olympic Reserve (hadaddun) == Bayan da Tarayyar Soviet ta shiga a matsayin cikakken memba na kwamitin Olympics na kasa da kasa a shekara ta 1951, Makarantun Yara da Matasa na Musamman (Wasanni na Reserve na Olympics ( Russian An fara buɗewa don shirya matasa 'yan wasa don wasannin da suka fi samun nasara. Adadin irin waɗannan makarantun wasanni ya ƙaru, haka kuma adadin fannonin wasanni a cikin makarantun wasanni ya ƙaru. Ba wai kawai wasannin Olympics ba ne, har ma da fannonin wasanni na ƙasa da kuma yawon buɗe ido, shiryarwa, da sauran wasanni. A madadin haka akwai kuma Makarantar Yara da Matasa ta Musamman ta Wurin Ajiye Wasannin Olympics ( Ukrainian ). == Makarantun Manyan Wasanni == Baya ga makarantun wasanni na yau da kullun da makarantu na musamman na Reserve na Olympics, akwai kuma makarantu na ƙwararrun ƙwararrun wasanni ( Ukrainian ). == Makarantun kula da wasanni na yanki (Makarantun Olympic Reserve) == Kafin 1989 a cikin Tarayyar Soviet akwai cibiyar sadarwa na yanki na makarantun allo na bayanan wasanni ( Russian ). Yara suna rayuwa, suna karatu kuma suna samun horon wasanni na ci gaba a can. Makarantun kwana na wasanni na iya zama ko dai waɗanda suka mayar da hankali kan wasanni ɗaya ko kuma waɗanda suka shafi wasanni da yawa. A waɗannan makarantun, yara suna ɓatar da mafi yawan lokacinsu na hutu suna nazarin yin wasanni ko kuma kammala wasu ƙwarewa. A shekarar 1989, an mayar da dukkan makarantun kwana na wasanni zuwa makarantun Olympic Reserve, UOR ( Russian ). <ref name="fiskalov" /> == Tsarin gini == Makarantun wasanni sun dace da sashen gudanarwa na ƙasar: akwai makarantun wasanni na Gundumar, Birni, Oblast, Tsakiya, da Republican. Don shiga makarantar wasanni, yaro zai iya samun shawarar makarantar sakandare; ana kuma gayyatar yara su zo wani makarantar wasanni don zaɓen a lokacin darussa a wata makaranta ta yau da kullun, ko kuma su zo don zaɓen da kansu. Dangane da takamaiman fannoni daban-daban na wasanni, shekarun yara da matasa da aka shigar a makarantar wasanni yana tsakanin 8 zuwa 14. An tsara ƙungiyoyi bisa ga matsayi na 'yan wasa : akwai ƙungiyoyi daban-daban na 'yan wasa na aji na biyu, 'yan wasa na aji na farko, 'yan wasa na aji na biyu, 'yan takara na digiri na biyu na wasanni na USSR, Masters of Sports na USSR. Lokacin karatu a kowace ƙungiya shine shekara ɗaya zuwa biyu, tare da amfani da ƙa'idodi daban-daban na wasanni a kowace shekara. == Shahara == Zuwa shekarar 1971, akwai makarantun wasanni 3,813 a cikin Tarayyar Soviet, tare da horar da yara da matasa kimanin miliyan 1.3 a can. Waɗannan sun haɗa da makarantu 2,434 tare da masu halarta miliyan ɗaya a ƙarƙashin ikon tsarin ilimi da makarantu 1,245 tare da masu halarta 340,000 waɗanda ke aiki a cikin tsarin ƙungiyoyin wasanni. Kuma zuwa shekarar 1991, kimanin makarantun wasanni 6,000 ne suka yi aiki a cikin Tarayyar Soviet. == Suka == Makarantun wasanni, musamman na wuraren ajiyar wasannin Olympics, sun kasance cikin fitattun abubuwan da suka shafi cin zarafin yara. A kokarinsu na samun mafi kyawun amfani daga yara, masu horarwa da yawa suna amfani da cin zarafi da kuma azabtarwa mai tsanani da kuma wani lokacin mai muni. Lamarin ya fi muni a makarantun kwana na wasanni inda iyaye ba sa iya sarrafa kansu kuma yara suna ƙarƙashin ikon masu horarwa. Wani rashin amfani na wannan tsarin shine cewa ana ba da hankali sosai ga wasanni fiye da ilimin makaranta. Makarantun kwana na wasannin motsa jiki na wurin ajiye motoci na Olympics sun sami laƙabin "buga-da-gudu" ( Russian ; kada a rikita shi da hatsarin zirga-zirga ko wasan ƙwallon baseball), ma'ana yara galibi suna bugun ƙwallon ƙafa kuma suna gudu a filayen wasanni maimakon karatu. == Duba kuma == * Ƙungiyoyin Wasannin Sa-kai na Tarayyar Soviet * Makarantu na musamman a Tarayyar Soviet == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] g3tukefndiqaz2qdaoh98bib3wcuw1i 0 161023 878503 2026-07-07T13:14:35Z Arcdanumma047 38699 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1327334363|Reform school]]" 878503 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Makarantar gyaran hali''' ta kasance [[Gidan Yari|cibiyar hukunta laifuka]], galibi ga [[Samartaka|matasa]], galibi tana aiki tsakanin 1830 da 1900. A [[Birtaniya|Burtaniya]] da yankunanta, an kafa gidajen gyaran hali (wanda aka fi sani da makarantun gyaran hali) tun daga 1854 ga yaran da aka yanke wa hukunci da laifi, a matsayin madadin gidan yarin manya. A lokaci guda kuma, an kafa makarantun masana'antu don masu zaman banza da yara da ke buƙatar kariya. Gwamnati ta 'ba da takardar shaida' daga 1857 zuwa gaba, kuma a 1932, tsarin ya haɗu kuma duka an 'amince' su kuma suka zama makarantu da aka amince da su . A Burtaniya da Amurka, sun fito ne daga damuwa ta zamantakewa game da birane, talauci, shige da fice da kuma rashin aiki bayan masana'antu, da kuma daga canjin halin al'umma daga ramuwar gayya (hukuntar mai laifi) zuwa gyara . <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ploszajska |first=Teresa |year=1994 |title=Moral landscapes and manipulated spaces: gender, class and space in Victorian reformatory schools |journal=Journal of Historical Geography |volume=20 |issue=4 |pages=413–429 |doi=10.1006/jhge.1994.1032}}</ref> Sun bambanta da borstals (Birtaniya; 1902–1982), waɗanda gidajen yarin matasa ne da aka rufe. == Tarihi == === Amurka === Masu kawo sauyi a zamantakewa a Amurka a ƙarshen ƙarni na 19 da farkon ƙarni na 20 kusan ba safai suke ganin laifin da aka saba yi wa masu laifi a wancan lokacin ba kamar [[Baligi|manyan]] [[Laifi|masu laifi]] . An fahimci cewa galibi tsofaffin fursunoni kan yi amfani da yara ƙanana ta hanyar jima'i da/ko kuma ta wata hanya daban, kuma galibi suna karɓar koyarwa kan manyan hanyoyin aikata laifuka ta hanyar masu laifi masu tsauri. Sakamakon haka, maimakon hukuncin da aka yanke musu na hana aikata laifuka a nan gaba, yawancin masu laifi matasa sun fito daga gidan yari fiye da lokacin da aka yanke musu hukunci a farko. Gyaran da aka yi, wanda aka amince da shi cikin sauƙi a wasu jihohi fiye da wasu, ya ƙunshi hanya mai matakai biyu - wata [[Ƙananan (doka)|dokar matasa]] daban da kotunan matasa ga masu laifi waɗanda ba su kai [[Shekarun girma|shekarun girma ba]], da kuma gina cibiyoyi daban-daban ga "masu laifi" na matasa (kalmar " laifi " da ba a yi amfani da ita ba). Tunda babban manufar waɗannan cibiyoyi shine a yi gyara maimakon hukunci, ana kiransu "makarantun gyara". A mafi yawan lokuta, waɗannan cibiyoyi na tsare mutane ne. === Ƙasar Ingila === A Burtaniya, an samar da makarantun gyara ga yara masu laifi, yayin da makarantun masana'antu aka yi niyya don hana yara masu rauni zama masu laifi. <ref name="gear">{{Cite web |last=Gillian Carol Gear |date=1999 |title=Industrial Schools in England, 1857-1933 |url=https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10006627/7/DX211996_Redacted.pdf |access-date=20 April 2020 |publisher=University of London Institute of Education |language=en}}</ref> An yi tsammanin karuwar laifukan yara a farkon karni na 19; yayin da a cikin tattalin arzikin karkara, yara ƙanana za su iya samun aikin yi da ake biyan su albashi suna yin ayyuka kamar tsoratar da tsuntsaye da tara duwatsu, waɗannan damarmaki ba su samuwa a birane. Yara suna da yawa a kan tituna. A shekara ta 1816, Majalisar Dokoki ta kafa 'Kwamitin Binciken Karuwar Laifukan Yara a Metropolis'; a shekara ta 1837, marubucin Charles Dickens ya buga ''Oliver Twist'', wani labari game da wani yaro da ke da hannu a cikin ƙungiyar masu aikata laifuka a titi; kuma an amince da shi a cikin [[Juvenile Offences Act 1846|Dokar Laifukan Yara ta 1846]] cewa ya kamata a yi wa yara 'yan ƙasa da shekara 14 shari'a a kotu ta musamman, ba kotun manya ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Victorian children in trouble with the law - The National Archives |url=http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/education/resources/victorian-children-in-trouble/ |access-date=31 March 2017 |website=The National Archives}}</ref> Bara da rashin aikin yi sun yi yawa, kuma waɗannan ƙananan laifuka ne suka sa alkalan kotuna suka tura yara zuwa makarantun masana'antu don koyon yin aiki tuƙuru, da kuma koyon ƙwarewa da za ta sa a sami damar yin aiki fiye da haka. == Manazarta == nxab1vk0076m2j5zstxrdhmjff98np8 878504 878503 2026-07-07T13:15:03Z Arcdanumma047 38699 878504 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Makarantar gyaran hali''' ta kasance [[Gidan Yari|cibiyar hukunta laifuka]], galibi ga [[Samartaka|matasa]], galibi tana aiki tsakanin 1830 da 1900. A [[Birtaniya|Burtaniya]] da yankunanta, an kafa gidajen gyaran hali (wanda aka fi sani da makarantun gyaran hali) tun daga 1854 ga yaran da aka yanke wa hukunci da laifi, a matsayin madadin gidan yarin manya. A lokaci guda kuma, an kafa makarantun masana'antu don masu zaman banza da yara da ke buƙatar kariya. Gwamnati ta 'ba da takardar shaida' daga 1857 zuwa gaba, kuma a 1932, tsarin ya haɗu kuma duka an 'amince' su kuma suka zama makarantu da aka amince da su . A Burtaniya da Amurka, sun fito ne daga damuwa ta zamantakewa game da birane, talauci, shige da fice da kuma rashin aiki bayan masana'antu, da kuma daga canjin halin al'umma daga ramuwar gayya (hukuntar mai laifi) zuwa gyara . <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ploszajska |first=Teresa |year=1994 |title=Moral landscapes and manipulated spaces: gender, class and space in Victorian reformatory schools |journal=Journal of Historical Geography |volume=20 |issue=4 |pages=413–429 |doi=10.1006/jhge.1994.1032}}</ref> Sun bambanta da borstals (Birtaniya; 1902–1982), waɗanda gidajen yarin matasa ne da aka rufe. == Tarihi == === Amurka === Masu kawo sauyi a zamantakewa a Amurka a ƙarshen ƙarni na 19 da farkon ƙarni na 20 kusan ba safai suke ganin laifin da aka saba yi wa masu laifi a wancan lokacin ba kamar [[Baligi|manyan]] [[Laifi|masu laifi]] . An fahimci cewa galibi tsofaffin fursunoni kan yi amfani da yara ƙanana ta hanyar jima'i da/ko kuma ta wata hanya daban, kuma galibi suna karɓar koyarwa kan manyan hanyoyin aikata laifuka ta hanyar masu laifi masu tsauri. Sakamakon haka, maimakon hukuncin da aka yanke musu na hana aikata laifuka a nan gaba, yawancin masu laifi matasa sun fito daga gidan yari fiye da lokacin da aka yanke musu hukunci a farko. Gyaran da aka yi, wanda aka amince da shi cikin sauƙi a wasu jihohi fiye da wasu, ya ƙunshi hanya mai matakai biyu - wata [[Ƙananan (doka)|dokar matasa]] daban da kotunan matasa ga masu laifi waɗanda ba su kai [[Shekarun girma|shekarun girma ba]], da kuma gina cibiyoyi daban-daban ga "masu laifi" na matasa (kalmar " laifi " da ba a yi amfani da ita ba). Tunda babban manufar waɗannan cibiyoyi shine a yi gyara maimakon hukunci, ana kiransu "makarantun gyara". A mafi yawan lokuta, waɗannan cibiyoyi na tsare mutane ne. === Ƙasar Ingila === A Burtaniya, an samar da makarantun gyara ga yara masu laifi, yayin da makarantun masana'antu aka yi niyya don hana yara masu rauni zama masu laifi. <ref name="gear">{{Cite web |last=Gillian Carol Gear |date=1999 |title=Industrial Schools in England, 1857-1933 |url=https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10006627/7/DX211996_Redacted.pdf |access-date=20 April 2020 |publisher=University of London Institute of Education |language=en}}</ref> An yi tsammanin karuwar laifukan yara a farkon karni na 19; yayin da a cikin tattalin arzikin karkara, yara ƙanana za su iya samun aikin yi da ake biyan su albashi suna yin ayyuka kamar tsoratar da tsuntsaye da tara duwatsu, waɗannan damarmaki ba su samuwa a birane. Yara suna da yawa a kan tituna. A shekara ta 1816, Majalisar Dokoki ta kafa 'Kwamitin Binciken Karuwar Laifukan Yara a Metropolis'; a shekara ta 1837, marubucin Charles Dickens ya buga ''Oliver Twist'', wani labari game da wani yaro da ke da hannu a cikin ƙungiyar masu aikata laifuka a titi; kuma an amince da shi a cikin [[Juvenile Offences Act 1846|Dokar Laifukan Yara ta 1846]] cewa ya kamata a yi wa yara 'yan ƙasa da shekara 14 shari'a a kotu ta musamman, ba kotun manya ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Victorian children in trouble with the law - The National Archives |url=http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/education/resources/victorian-children-in-trouble/ |access-date=31 March 2017 |website=The National Archives}}</ref> Bara da rashin aikin yi sun yi yawa, kuma waɗannan ƙananan laifuka ne suka sa alkalan kotuna suka tura yara zuwa makarantun masana'antu don koyon yin aiki tuƙuru, da kuma koyon ƙwarewa da za ta sa a sami damar yin aiki fiye da haka. == Manazarta == lps2u3udnx8pqw4lwxoyiw0q4jofse4 0 161024 878506 2026-07-07T13:16:01Z Arcdanumma047 38699 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1352198400|Ready schools]]" 878506 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Makarantun shirye-shirye''' makarantu ne da ke taimakawa wajen shirya ƙananan yara don zuwa makarantar renon yara. Manufar makarantun shirye-shirye wani ɓangare ne na babban [[School readiness movement|motsi na shirye-shiryen makaranta]] . == Hanyoyi == Makarantun shirye-shirye sun dogara ne akan daidaita ilimin yara da firamare don ƙarfafa sakamakon yara, da halayen cibiyoyi. <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Dowker |first=Paula M. |date=March 2007 |title=Ready or Not, Here We Come: What It Means to Be A Ready School |url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/197626034?pq-origsite=gscholar&fromopenview=true&sourcetype=Scholarly%20Journals |journal=YC Young Children |volume=62 |issue=2 |pages=68-70 |via=ProQuest}}</ref> Makarantun da suka shirya suna da himma ga nasarar kowane yaro, suna tuntuɓar iyaye da wuri game da rajistar makaranta, suna sadarwa da ma'aikatan kula da yara, suna da nau'ikan ilmantarwa iri-iri, suna riƙe kayan koyarwa, haɓaka al'umma, suna ba da bayanai masu inganci game da abubuwan da suka shafi al'adu, da kuma tantance ingancin azuzuwan nasu. <ref name=":0" /> Makarantun shirye-shirye waɗanda suka kasa cika irin waɗannan abubuwan ana tsammanin za su tantance raunin su kuma su gina akan ƙarfin su. <ref name=":0" /> == Manazarta == rb9h6518uojnbytbgnpw440r0j3ox62 878507 878506 2026-07-07T13:16:21Z Arcdanumma047 38699 878507 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Makarantun shirye-shirye''' makarantu ne da ke taimakawa wajen shirya ƙananan yara don zuwa makarantar renon yara. Manufar makarantun shirye-shirye wani ɓangare ne na babban [[School readiness movement|motsi na shirye-shiryen makaranta]] . == Hanyoyi == Makarantun shirye-shirye sun dogara ne akan daidaita ilimin yara da firamare don ƙarfafa sakamakon yara, da halayen cibiyoyi. <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Dowker |first=Paula M. |date=March 2007 |title=Ready or Not, Here We Come: What It Means to Be A Ready School |url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/197626034?pq-origsite=gscholar&fromopenview=true&sourcetype=Scholarly%20Journals |journal=YC Young Children |volume=62 |issue=2 |pages=68-70 |via=ProQuest}}</ref> Makarantun da suka shirya suna da himma ga nasarar kowane yaro, suna tuntuɓar iyaye da wuri game da rajistar makaranta, suna sadarwa da ma'aikatan kula da yara, suna da nau'ikan ilmantarwa iri-iri, suna riƙe kayan koyarwa, haɓaka al'umma, suna ba da bayanai masu inganci game da abubuwan da suka shafi al'adu, da kuma tantance ingancin azuzuwan nasu. <ref name=":0" /> Makarantun shirye-shirye waɗanda suka kasa cika irin waɗannan abubuwan ana tsammanin za su tantance raunin su kuma su gina akan ƙarfin su. <ref name=":0" /> == Manazarta == kzybuwjrr2tr0sqby9mggcntxujvlti 0 161025 878508 2026-07-07T13:17:13Z Arcdanumma047 38699 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1334628531|Pit school]]" 878508 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Makarantar rami''' makaranta ce ta ɓoye ga yaran [[Afirkawan Amurka|Baƙar fata 'yan Amurka]] tun lokacin da aka hana su samun ilimi saboda zalunci da rashin [[Yancin taro|'yancin taruwa]] . Ana gudanar da waɗannan makarantu da daddare. Za a haƙa rami a rufe shi. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2010)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> An ambaci makarantar pit a cikin littafin ''[[Nightjohn]]'' na Gary Paulsen . == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 5zkqnlrxpnvxti00d84dthl9nyp7a8r 878509 878508 2026-07-07T13:17:44Z Arcdanumma047 38699 878509 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Makarantar rami''' makaranta ce ta ɓoye ga yaran [[Afirkawan Amurka|Baƙar fata 'yan Amurka]] tun lokacin da aka hana su samun ilimi saboda zalunci da rashin [[Yancin taro|'yancin taruwa]] . Ana gudanar da waɗannan makarantu da daddare. Za a haƙa rami a rufe shi. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2010)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> An ambaci makarantar pit a cikin littafin ''[[Nightjohn]]'' na Gary Paulsen . == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} bf9vyer9iddx55el2yi2sz2yds5c8ah 0 161026 878510 2026-07-07T13:18:53Z Lilovic 46646 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1354560836|Carla Camacho]]" 878510 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Carla Camacho Carrillo''' (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈkaɾ.la ka.ˈma.tʃo ka.ˈri.o]; an haife ta a ranar 2 ga Mayu 2005) 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta Mutanen Espanya wacce ke buga wa Kungiyar Mata ta Super League Brighton &amp;amp; Hove Albion da kuma tawagar Spain ta kasa da shekaru 19. Carla a baya ta buga wa kungiyar Ligue F ta Real Madrid wasa.{{IPA|es|ˈkaɾ.la ka.ˈma.tʃo ka.ˈri.ʝo}}{{IPA|es|ˈkaɾ.la ka.ˈma.tʃo ka.ˈri.ʝo}}{{IPA|es|ˈkaɾ.la ka.ˈma.tʃo ka.ˈri.ʝo}} == Ayyukan kulob din == === Real Madrid B & Real Madrid === [[Fayil:Valerenga_v_Real_Madrid,_2023_-_B_29.jpg|thumb|Camacho tare da Real Madrid a 2023]] Camacho ta fara babban aikinta tare da Real Madrid . Camacho ta fara buga wasan farko da Eibar, ta zo a matsayin mai maye gurbin Caroline Møller a minti na 87 na wasan.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Romero |first=Angela M. |title=Histórica Carla Camacho: debutó con 16 años en Primera con el Real Madrid |url=https://es.besoccer.com/noticia/historica-carla-camacho-debuto-16-anos-primera-real-madrid-1053764 |access-date=26 November 2021 |publisher=BeSoccer |language=Spanish}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Villarrubia |first=Begoña |date=3 November 2021 |title=Golpe en la mesa de las jóvenes promesas europeas |url=https://www.mundodeportivo.com/futbol/femenino/20211103/1001708304/golpe-mesa-jovenes-promesas-europeas.html |access-date=26 November 2021 |website=[[Mundo Deportivo]] |language=Spanish}}</ref> === Brighton & Hove Albion === A ranar 4 ga watan Agustan 2025, an ba da sanarwar cewa Camacho ya sanya hannu a kulob din Brighton & Hove Albion na Super League. [1] == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2005]] kb8161rfgaiybq72z5ebpt8phqrex1z 878511 878510 2026-07-07T13:20:35Z Lilovic 46646 878511 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Carla Camacho Carrillo''' (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈkaɾ.la ka.ˈma.tʃo ka.ˈri.o]; an haife ta a ranar 2 ga Mayu 2005) 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta Mutanen Espanya wacce ke buga wa Kungiyar Mata ta Super League Brighton &amp;amp; Hove Albion da kuma tawagar Spain ta kasa da shekaru 19. Carla a baya ta buga wa kungiyar Ligue F ta Real Madrid wasa.{{IPA|es|ˈkaɾ.la ka.ˈma.tʃo ka.ˈri.ʝo}}{{IPA|es|ˈkaɾ.la ka.ˈma.tʃo ka.ˈri.ʝo}}{{IPA|es|ˈkaɾ.la ka.ˈma.tʃo ka.ˈri.ʝo}} == Ayyukan kulob din == === Real Madrid B & Real Madrid === [[Fayil:Valerenga_v_Real_Madrid,_2023_-_B_29.jpg|thumb|Camacho tare da Real Madrid a 2023]] Camacho ta fara babban aikinta tare da Real Madrid . Camacho ta fara buga wasan farko da Eibar, ta zo a matsayin mai maye gurbin Caroline Møller a minti na 87 na wasan.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Romero |first=Angela M. |title=Histórica Carla Camacho: debutó con 16 años en Primera con el Real Madrid |url=https://es.besoccer.com/noticia/historica-carla-camacho-debuto-16-anos-primera-real-madrid-1053764 |access-date=26 November 2021 |publisher=BeSoccer |language=Spanish}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Villarrubia |first=Begoña |date=3 November 2021 |title=Golpe en la mesa de las jóvenes promesas europeas |url=https://www.mundodeportivo.com/futbol/femenino/20211103/1001708304/golpe-mesa-jovenes-promesas-europeas.html |access-date=26 November 2021 |website=[[Mundo Deportivo]] |language=Spanish}}</ref> === Brighton & Hove Albion === A ranar 4 ga watan Agustan 2025, an ba da sanarwar cewa Camacho ya sanya hannu a kulob din Brighton & Hove Albion na Super League. [1] == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2005]] 1vfco94iw8pwytr0spciszpw32n01o0 0 161027 878604 2026-07-07T15:54:46Z Arcdanumma047 38699 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355248394|Preschool]]" 878604 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Makarantar renon yara ta gaba''' (wani lokacin ana rubuta ta a matsayin '''makarantar renon yara''' ko '''makarantar renon yara''' ), wanda kuma aka sani da '''makarantar renon yara ta gaba''', '''makarantar wasan kwaikwayo''', ko '''makarantar renon yara''', wani wuri ne na ilimi ko wurin koyo wanda ke ba da ilimin yara tun suna ƙanana kafin su fara [[Ilimi na tilas|karatun tilas]] a [[Makarantar Firamare|makarantar firamare]] . Ana iya gudanar da shi a bainar jama'a ko kuma a masu zaman kansu kuma ana iya ba da tallafi daga kuɗaɗen gwamnati. Matsakaicin shekarun yara a makarantun renon yara a yawancin ƙasashe shine daga shekaru 4 zuwa 6 (makarantar renon yara zuwa [[Makarantar jariri|makarantar renon yara]] ). == Kalmomi == Kalmomin sun bambanta dangane da ƙasa. A wasu ƙasashen Turai, kalmar "kindergarten" tana nufin ilimin da aka tsara wa yara a ''matakin ISCED 0'' - tare da shekaru ɗaya ko da yawa na irin wannan ilimin dole ne - kafin yara su fara makarantar firamare a ''matakin ISCED 1.'' <ref>{{Cite web |title=Eurydice |url=https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/fpfis/mwikis/eurydice/images/2/24/Compulsory_Education_in_Europe_2016_2017.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161009145616/https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/fpfis/mwikis/eurydice/images/2/24/Compulsory_Education_in_Europe_2016_2017.pdf |archive-date=9 October 2016 |access-date=25 March 2017}}</ref> Ana iya amfani da waɗannan kalmomi ga cibiyoyin ilimi na wannan rukunin shekaru: * '''Makarantar firamare''' ko kuma '''makarantar yara''' <ref name="cintro">{{Cite web |last=Stephens |first=Terence |date=28 November 2013 |title=Preschool Report |url=http://www.childcareintro.com/preschool_report |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131212102335/http://www.childcareintro.com/preschool_report |archive-date=12 December 2013 |access-date=9 December 2013 |publisher=ChildCareIntro.com}}</ref> daga haihuwa zuwa shekara 6 – wata hidima ce ta ilimi da iyaye za su iya sanya yaransu a ciki kafin makarantar firamare. Wannan kuma za a iya amfani da shi don bayyana ayyuka ga yara ƙanana da shekarun makarantar firamare, musamman a ƙasashen da makarantar firamare ta zama tilas. Shirin makarantar firamare yana gudana ne a '''makarantar firamare''' . * '''Makarantar renon yara''' (Birtaniya da Amurka) daga watanni 0 zuwa shekaru 5 - cibiyar kula da yara ce ta ilimi kafin firamare wadda ta haɗa da makarantar renon yara. * '''Kula da''' yara daga watanni 0 zuwa shekaru 2 da rabi - ana gudanar da shi a Makarantar Yara, amma kuma ana iya kiransa "aikin kula da yara" ko "circle". <ref name="Turner">Turner, Martin; Rack, John Paul (2004). ''The study of dyslexia''. Birkhäuser, {{ISBN|978-0-306-48531-2}}</ref> <ref name="dustmann">Dustmann, Christian; Fitzenberger, Bernd; Machin, Stephen (2008). ''The economics of education and training.'' Springer, {{ISBN|978-3-7908-2021-8}}</ref> * '''Makarantar renon yara''' (Amurka da Birtaniya) daga shekara 2 zuwa 5 - ana gudanar da ita a Makarantar renon yara; shiri yana da alaƙa da ko yaron yana kan hanya ta ci gaba, kuma horar da yaron a cikin tukunya babban abu ne, don haka yaro zai iya farawa tun yana ɗan shekara 2. Mutane da yawa suna ɗaukar ilimin renon yara a matsayin mai mahimmanci da amfani ga kowane yaro domin yana iya ba wa yaron damar sabbin hulɗar zamantakewa. Ta hanyar koyo bisa ga fahimta, ilimin zamantakewa da ci gaban jiki, yaro a makarantar renon yara zai koyi game da muhallinsa da kuma yadda ake yin magana da wasu. Yaran da ke zuwa makarantar renon yara suna koyon yadda duniyar da ke kewaye da su ke aiki ta hanyar wasa da sadarwa. * '''Makarantar Pre-K''' (ko Pre-Kindergarten) daga shekaru 4 zuwa 5 - ana gudanar da ita ne a Makarantar Nursery kuma shiri ne na inganta damar shiga makarantun pre-firamare ga yara a Amurka. Akwai abubuwa da yawa fiye da koyar da yaro launuka, lambobi, siffofi da sauransu. * '''[[Makarantar jariri|Kindergarten]]''' (Amurka) daga shekaru 5 zuwa 6 - ana gudanar da shi a Makarantar Kindergarten da/ko wasu makarantun firamare na firamare; a sassa da yawa na duniya (ba kamar a ƙasashen da ke magana da Turanci ba) yana nufin matakan farko na ilimi na yau da kullun . == Tarihi == === Asalin === [[Fayil:Samuel_Wilderspin_Payne.jpg|thumb|Samuel Wilderspin, ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa ilimin makarantar gaba da sakandare. Zane-zanen 1848 na John Rogers Herbert .]] A zamanin da makaranta ta takaita ga yara waɗanda suka riga suka koyi karatu da rubutu a gida, an yi yunƙurin samar da damar zuwa makaranta ga marayu ko kuma yaran mata da ke aiki a masana'antu. A shekara ta 1779, Johann Friedrich Oberlin da Louise Scheppler sun kafa wata cibiya ta farko a [[Strasbourg]] don kula da kuma ilmantar da yaran da ba sa zuwa makaranta a lokacin da rana. A daidai lokacin, a shekara ta 1780, an kafa irin waɗannan cibiyoyin [[Jariri|jarirai]] a Bavaria A shekara ta 1802, Pauline zur Lippe ta kafa cibiyar kula da yara a Detmold . A shekara ta 1816, Robert Owen, masanin falsafa kuma mai koyar da yara, ya buɗe makarantar farko ta jarirai ta Birtaniya kuma wataƙila a duk duniya a New Lanark, Scotland. <ref name="vag75">{{Cite journal |last=Vag |first=Otto |date=March 1975 |title=The Influence of the English Infant School in Hungary |journal=International Journal of Early Childhood |volume=7 |issue=1 |pages=132–136 |doi=10.1007/bf03175934 |s2cid=145709106}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=New Lanark Kids: Robert Owen |url=http://www.newlanark.org/kids/index2.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100815052526/http://www.newlanark.org/kids/index2.html |archive-date=15 August 2010 |access-date=1 December 2013}}</ref> <ref name="infed">{{Cite web |title=Education in Robert Owen's New Society: the New Lanark Institute and schools |url=http://www.infed.org/thinkers/et-owen.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130123043141/http://www.infed.org/thinkers/et-owen.htm |archive-date=23 January 2013 |access-date=1 December 2013}}</ref> Tare da haɗin gwiwarsa na masana'antun haɗin gwiwa, Owen yana son a ba wa yaran ingantaccen ilimin ɗabi'a don su dace da aiki. Tsarinsa ya yi nasara wajen samar da yara masu biyayya waɗanda ke da ilimin rubutu da lissafi na asali. <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 June 2012 |title=Socialist – Courier: Robert Owen and New Lanark |url=http://socialist-courier.blogspot.co.uk/2012/06/robert-owen-and-new-lanark.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131023062306/http://socialist-courier.blogspot.co.uk/2012/06/robert-owen-and-new-lanark.html |archive-date=23 October 2013 |access-date=27 November 2013 |publisher=Socialist-courier.blogspot.co.uk}}</ref> Samuel Wilderspin ya buɗe makarantar jarirai ta farko a Landan a shekarar 1819, kuma ya ci gaba da kafa ɗaruruwan ɗalibai. Ya buga ayyuka da yawa kan wannan batu, kuma aikinsa ya zama abin koyi ga makarantun jarirai a duk faɗin Ingila da ma wasu wurare. Wasan kwaikwayo muhimmin ɓangare ne na tsarin ilimin Wilderspin. An san shi da ƙirƙirar filin wasa . A shekarar 1823, Wilderspin ya buga ''On the Importance of Educationing the Children Poor'', bisa ga makarantar. Ya fara aiki da Ƙungiyar Makarantar Jarirai a shekara mai zuwa, yana sanar da wasu game da ra'ayoyinsa. Ya kuma rubuta "Tsarin Jarirai, don haɓaka ƙarfin jiki, hankali, da ɗabi'a daga dukkan yara daga shekara ɗaya zuwa bakwai". === Yaɗa === Countess Theresa Brunszvik (1775–1861), wacce ta san kuma Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi ya yi mata tasiri, wannan misali ya yi mata tasiri wajen buɗe ''Angyalkert'' ('lambun mala'ika' a harshen Hungary) a ranar 27 ga Mayu 1828 a gidanta da ke [[Budapest|Buda]], cibiyar kulawa ta farko daga cikin cibiyoyi goma sha ɗaya da ta kafa don ƙananan yara. A shekara ta 1836 ta kafa wata cibiya don kafa cibiyoyin kula da yara ƙanana. Wannan ra'ayi ya shahara tsakanin manyan mutane da kuma matsakaicin aji kuma an kwafi shi a duk faɗin masarautar Hungary. [[Fayil:Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-37156-0001,_Beenz,_Erntekindergartengruppe.jpg|left|thumb|[[Makarantar jariri|Makarantar Yara]] a Gabashin Jamus a shekarar 1956]] Friedrich Fröbel (1782–1852) ya buɗe cibiyar ''wasan kwaikwayo da ayyukan'' a shekara ta 1837 a ƙauyen Bad Blankenburg a masarautar Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt, Thuringia, wanda ya sake masa suna [[Makarantar jariri|Kindergarten]] a ranar 28 ga Yuni 1840. A wannan shekarar, malamar makaranta Emily Ronalds ita ce mutum ta farko 'yar Birtaniya da ta yi nazarin tsarinsa kuma Fröbel ya ƙarfafa ta ta dasa ra'ayoyinsa a Ingila. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ronalds |first=B.F. |date=2023 |title=Emily Ronalds (1795–1889) and her Social Reform Work |journal=Transactions of the Unitarian Historical Society |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=81–95}}</ref> Daga baya, mata da Fröbel ta horar sun buɗe makarantun yara a duk faɗin Turai da kuma ko'ina cikin duniya. An kafa makarantar yara ta farko a Amurka a Watertown, Wisconsin a 1856 kuma an gudanar da ita cikin harshen Jamusanci. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Watertown Historical Society |url=http://www.watertownhistory.org/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150621204210/http://www.watertownhistory.org/ |archive-date=21 June 2015 |access-date=21 June 2015 |publisher=Watertown Historical Society}}</ref> Elizabeth Peabody ta kafa makarantar yara ta farko a harshen Ingilishi a Amurka a 1860 kuma an kafa makarantar yara ta farko kyauta a Amurka a 1870 ta Conrad Poppenhusen, wani masanin masana'antu kuma mai taimakon jama'a na Jamus, wanda shi ma ya kafa Cibiyar Poppenhusen kuma an kafa makarantar yara ta farko da gwamnati ta ba da kuɗi ga jama'a a Amurka a [[St. Louis]] a 1873 ta Susan Blow . Cocin Wesleyan Methodist ya buɗe makarantar yara ta farko mai zaman kanta a Kanada a Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island a 1870 kuma a ƙarshen shekaru goma, sun zama ruwan dare a manyan garuruwa da biranen Kanada. An kafa makarantun yara na farko na gwamnati a ƙasar a Berlin, Ontario a 1882 a Makarantar Tsakiya . A shekara ta 1885, Makarantar Al'ada ta Toronto (horon malamai) ta buɗe sashen koyar da yara ƙanana. <ref name="can-au-nz" /> Elizabeth Harrison ta yi rubuce-rubuce sosai kan ka'idar ilimin yara ƙanana kuma ta yi aiki don haɓaka ƙa'idodin ilimi ga malaman makarantun renon yara ta hanyar kafa abin da ya zama Kwalejin Ilimi ta Ƙasa a 1886. Head Start shine shirin farko na makarantun gaba da sakandare da gwamnati ke daukar nauyinsa a Amurka, wanda Shugaba Johnson ya kafa a shekarar 1965 don iyalai masu karamin karfi - kashi 10% ne kawai na yara suka shiga makarantar gaba da sakandare. Saboda yawan buƙatu, jihohi daban-daban sun ba da tallafin makarantun gaba da sakandare ga iyalai masu karamin karfi a shekarun 1980. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] s65fci357j06l17al1p1sbzffcwepor 878606 878604 2026-07-07T15:55:17Z Arcdanumma047 38699 878606 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Makarantar renon yara ta gaba''' (wani lokacin ana rubuta ta a matsayin '''makarantar renon yara''' ko '''makarantar renon yara''' ), wanda kuma aka sani da '''makarantar renon yara ta gaba''', '''makarantar wasan kwaikwayo''', ko '''makarantar renon yara''', wani wuri ne na ilimi ko wurin koyo wanda ke ba da ilimin yara tun suna ƙanana kafin su fara [[Ilimi na tilas|karatun tilas]] a [[Makarantar Firamare|makarantar firamare]] . Ana iya gudanar da shi a bainar jama'a ko kuma a masu zaman kansu kuma ana iya ba da tallafi daga kuɗaɗen gwamnati. Matsakaicin shekarun yara a makarantun renon yara a yawancin ƙasashe shine daga shekaru 4 zuwa 6 (makarantar renon yara zuwa [[Makarantar jariri|makarantar renon yara]] ). == Kalmomi == Kalmomin sun bambanta dangane da ƙasa. A wasu ƙasashen Turai, kalmar "kindergarten" tana nufin ilimin da aka tsara wa yara a ''matakin ISCED 0'' - tare da shekaru ɗaya ko da yawa na irin wannan ilimin dole ne - kafin yara su fara makarantar firamare a ''matakin ISCED 1.'' <ref>{{Cite web |title=Eurydice |url=https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/fpfis/mwikis/eurydice/images/2/24/Compulsory_Education_in_Europe_2016_2017.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161009145616/https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/fpfis/mwikis/eurydice/images/2/24/Compulsory_Education_in_Europe_2016_2017.pdf |archive-date=9 October 2016 |access-date=25 March 2017}}</ref> Ana iya amfani da waɗannan kalmomi ga cibiyoyin ilimi na wannan rukunin shekaru: * '''Makarantar firamare''' ko kuma '''makarantar yara''' <ref name="cintro">{{Cite web |last=Stephens |first=Terence |date=28 November 2013 |title=Preschool Report |url=http://www.childcareintro.com/preschool_report |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131212102335/http://www.childcareintro.com/preschool_report |archive-date=12 December 2013 |access-date=9 December 2013 |publisher=ChildCareIntro.com}}</ref> daga haihuwa zuwa shekara 6 – wata hidima ce ta ilimi da iyaye za su iya sanya yaransu a ciki kafin makarantar firamare. Wannan kuma za a iya amfani da shi don bayyana ayyuka ga yara ƙanana da shekarun makarantar firamare, musamman a ƙasashen da makarantar firamare ta zama tilas. Shirin makarantar firamare yana gudana ne a '''makarantar firamare''' . * '''Makarantar renon yara''' (Birtaniya da Amurka) daga watanni 0 zuwa shekaru 5 - cibiyar kula da yara ce ta ilimi kafin firamare wadda ta haɗa da makarantar renon yara. * '''Kula da''' yara daga watanni 0 zuwa shekaru 2 da rabi - ana gudanar da shi a Makarantar Yara, amma kuma ana iya kiransa "aikin kula da yara" ko "circle". <ref name="Turner">Turner, Martin; Rack, John Paul (2004). ''The study of dyslexia''. Birkhäuser, {{ISBN|978-0-306-48531-2}}</ref> <ref name="dustmann">Dustmann, Christian; Fitzenberger, Bernd; Machin, Stephen (2008). ''The economics of education and training.'' Springer, {{ISBN|978-3-7908-2021-8}}</ref> * '''Makarantar renon yara''' (Amurka da Birtaniya) daga shekara 2 zuwa 5 - ana gudanar da ita a Makarantar renon yara; shiri yana da alaƙa da ko yaron yana kan hanya ta ci gaba, kuma horar da yaron a cikin tukunya babban abu ne, don haka yaro zai iya farawa tun yana ɗan shekara 2. Mutane da yawa suna ɗaukar ilimin renon yara a matsayin mai mahimmanci da amfani ga kowane yaro domin yana iya ba wa yaron damar sabbin hulɗar zamantakewa. Ta hanyar koyo bisa ga fahimta, ilimin zamantakewa da ci gaban jiki, yaro a makarantar renon yara zai koyi game da muhallinsa da kuma yadda ake yin magana da wasu. Yaran da ke zuwa makarantar renon yara suna koyon yadda duniyar da ke kewaye da su ke aiki ta hanyar wasa da sadarwa. * '''Makarantar Pre-K''' (ko Pre-Kindergarten) daga shekaru 4 zuwa 5 - ana gudanar da ita ne a Makarantar Nursery kuma shiri ne na inganta damar shiga makarantun pre-firamare ga yara a Amurka. Akwai abubuwa da yawa fiye da koyar da yaro launuka, lambobi, siffofi da sauransu. * '''[[Makarantar jariri|Kindergarten]]''' (Amurka) daga shekaru 5 zuwa 6 - ana gudanar da shi a Makarantar Kindergarten da/ko wasu makarantun firamare na firamare; a sassa da yawa na duniya (ba kamar a ƙasashen da ke magana da Turanci ba) yana nufin matakan farko na ilimi na yau da kullun . == Tarihi == === Asalin === [[Fayil:Samuel_Wilderspin_Payne.jpg|thumb|Samuel Wilderspin, ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa ilimin makarantar gaba da sakandare. Zane-zanen 1848 na John Rogers Herbert .]] A zamanin da makaranta ta takaita ga yara waɗanda suka riga suka koyi karatu da rubutu a gida, an yi yunƙurin samar da damar zuwa makaranta ga marayu ko kuma yaran mata da ke aiki a masana'antu. A shekara ta 1779, Johann Friedrich Oberlin da Louise Scheppler sun kafa wata cibiya ta farko a [[Strasbourg]] don kula da kuma ilmantar da yaran da ba sa zuwa makaranta a lokacin da rana. A daidai lokacin, a shekara ta 1780, an kafa irin waɗannan cibiyoyin [[Jariri|jarirai]] a Bavaria A shekara ta 1802, Pauline zur Lippe ta kafa cibiyar kula da yara a Detmold . A shekara ta 1816, Robert Owen, masanin falsafa kuma mai koyar da yara, ya buɗe makarantar farko ta jarirai ta Birtaniya kuma wataƙila a duk duniya a New Lanark, Scotland. <ref name="vag75">{{Cite journal |last=Vag |first=Otto |date=March 1975 |title=The Influence of the English Infant School in Hungary |journal=International Journal of Early Childhood |volume=7 |issue=1 |pages=132–136 |doi=10.1007/bf03175934 |s2cid=145709106}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=New Lanark Kids: Robert Owen |url=http://www.newlanark.org/kids/index2.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100815052526/http://www.newlanark.org/kids/index2.html |archive-date=15 August 2010 |access-date=1 December 2013}}</ref> <ref name="infed">{{Cite web |title=Education in Robert Owen's New Society: the New Lanark Institute and schools |url=http://www.infed.org/thinkers/et-owen.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130123043141/http://www.infed.org/thinkers/et-owen.htm |archive-date=23 January 2013 |access-date=1 December 2013}}</ref> Tare da haɗin gwiwarsa na masana'antun haɗin gwiwa, Owen yana son a ba wa yaran ingantaccen ilimin ɗabi'a don su dace da aiki. Tsarinsa ya yi nasara wajen samar da yara masu biyayya waɗanda ke da ilimin rubutu da lissafi na asali. <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 June 2012 |title=Socialist – Courier: Robert Owen and New Lanark |url=http://socialist-courier.blogspot.co.uk/2012/06/robert-owen-and-new-lanark.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131023062306/http://socialist-courier.blogspot.co.uk/2012/06/robert-owen-and-new-lanark.html |archive-date=23 October 2013 |access-date=27 November 2013 |publisher=Socialist-courier.blogspot.co.uk}}</ref> Samuel Wilderspin ya buɗe makarantar jarirai ta farko a Landan a shekarar 1819, kuma ya ci gaba da kafa ɗaruruwan ɗalibai. Ya buga ayyuka da yawa kan wannan batu, kuma aikinsa ya zama abin koyi ga makarantun jarirai a duk faɗin Ingila da ma wasu wurare. Wasan kwaikwayo muhimmin ɓangare ne na tsarin ilimin Wilderspin. An san shi da ƙirƙirar filin wasa . A shekarar 1823, Wilderspin ya buga ''On the Importance of Educationing the Children Poor'', bisa ga makarantar. Ya fara aiki da Ƙungiyar Makarantar Jarirai a shekara mai zuwa, yana sanar da wasu game da ra'ayoyinsa. Ya kuma rubuta "Tsarin Jarirai, don haɓaka ƙarfin jiki, hankali, da ɗabi'a daga dukkan yara daga shekara ɗaya zuwa bakwai". === Yaɗa === Countess Theresa Brunszvik (1775–1861), wacce ta san kuma Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi ya yi mata tasiri, wannan misali ya yi mata tasiri wajen buɗe ''Angyalkert'' ('lambun mala'ika' a harshen Hungary) a ranar 27 ga Mayu 1828 a gidanta da ke [[Budapest|Buda]], cibiyar kulawa ta farko daga cikin cibiyoyi goma sha ɗaya da ta kafa don ƙananan yara. A shekara ta 1836 ta kafa wata cibiya don kafa cibiyoyin kula da yara ƙanana. Wannan ra'ayi ya shahara tsakanin manyan mutane da kuma matsakaicin aji kuma an kwafi shi a duk faɗin masarautar Hungary. [[Fayil:Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-37156-0001,_Beenz,_Erntekindergartengruppe.jpg|left|thumb|[[Makarantar jariri|Makarantar Yara]] a Gabashin Jamus a shekarar 1956]] Friedrich Fröbel (1782–1852) ya buɗe cibiyar ''wasan kwaikwayo da ayyukan'' a shekara ta 1837 a ƙauyen Bad Blankenburg a masarautar Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt, Thuringia, wanda ya sake masa suna [[Makarantar jariri|Kindergarten]] a ranar 28 ga Yuni 1840. A wannan shekarar, malamar makaranta Emily Ronalds ita ce mutum ta farko 'yar Birtaniya da ta yi nazarin tsarinsa kuma Fröbel ya ƙarfafa ta ta dasa ra'ayoyinsa a Ingila. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ronalds |first=B.F. |date=2023 |title=Emily Ronalds (1795–1889) and her Social Reform Work |journal=Transactions of the Unitarian Historical Society |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=81–95}}</ref> Daga baya, mata da Fröbel ta horar sun buɗe makarantun yara a duk faɗin Turai da kuma ko'ina cikin duniya. An kafa makarantar yara ta farko a Amurka a Watertown, Wisconsin a 1856 kuma an gudanar da ita cikin harshen Jamusanci. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Watertown Historical Society |url=http://www.watertownhistory.org/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150621204210/http://www.watertownhistory.org/ |archive-date=21 June 2015 |access-date=21 June 2015 |publisher=Watertown Historical Society}}</ref> Elizabeth Peabody ta kafa makarantar yara ta farko a harshen Ingilishi a Amurka a 1860 kuma an kafa makarantar yara ta farko kyauta a Amurka a 1870 ta Conrad Poppenhusen, wani masanin masana'antu kuma mai taimakon jama'a na Jamus, wanda shi ma ya kafa Cibiyar Poppenhusen kuma an kafa makarantar yara ta farko da gwamnati ta ba da kuɗi ga jama'a a Amurka a [[St. Louis]] a 1873 ta Susan Blow . Cocin Wesleyan Methodist ya buɗe makarantar yara ta farko mai zaman kanta a Kanada a Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island a 1870 kuma a ƙarshen shekaru goma, sun zama ruwan dare a manyan garuruwa da biranen Kanada. An kafa makarantun yara na farko na gwamnati a ƙasar a Berlin, Ontario a 1882 a Makarantar Tsakiya . A shekara ta 1885, Makarantar Al'ada ta Toronto (horon malamai) ta buɗe sashen koyar da yara ƙanana. <ref name="can-au-nz" /> Elizabeth Harrison ta yi rubuce-rubuce sosai kan ka'idar ilimin yara ƙanana kuma ta yi aiki don haɓaka ƙa'idodin ilimi ga malaman makarantun renon yara ta hanyar kafa abin da ya zama Kwalejin Ilimi ta Ƙasa a 1886. Head Start shine shirin farko na makarantun gaba da sakandare da gwamnati ke daukar nauyinsa a Amurka, wanda Shugaba Johnson ya kafa a shekarar 1965 don iyalai masu karamin karfi - kashi 10% ne kawai na yara suka shiga makarantar gaba da sakandare. Saboda yawan buƙatu, jihohi daban-daban sun ba da tallafin makarantun gaba da sakandare ga iyalai masu karamin karfi a shekarun 1980. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] s1e0hy5jucdzzi3nv43gwsy8imyw5c2 0 161028 878608 2026-07-07T15:59:17Z Arcdanumma047 38699 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1362358149|Qawmi madrasa]]" 878608 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Madrasa''' Bengali , ; ) ɗaya ce daga cikin manyan rukunan ilimi guda biyu [[Makarantar Islamiyya|na madrasah]] a [[Bangladesh]] . <ref name="mumtazahmad2004">Ahmad, Mumtaz. ''[http://www.globalwebpost.com/farooqm/study_res/bangladesh/mumtaz_madrassah.pdf Madrassa Education in Pakistan and Bangladesh] {{Webarchive}}.'' Asia-Pacific Center for Security Studies: Honolulu. 2005.</ref> Hukumar Ilimi ta Madrasah ta Bangladesh ba ta tsara waɗannan madrasah ba. <ref>{{Cite book|last3=Ali Riaz}}</ref> A matsayin ƙungiyoyin agaji masu zaman kansu, madrasahs na Qawmi kusan ana tallafa musu ne kawai ta hanyar gudummawa . A da, digirin da suka bayar ba su da takardar shaida ko kuma shaidar hukuma, sabanin waɗanda ake bayarwa daga makarantun Alia na hukuma (wanda kuma ake rubutawa "Aliya" da "Aliah"), <ref name="mumtazahmad2004">Ahmad, Mumtaz. ''[http://www.globalwebpost.com/farooqm/study_res/bangladesh/mumtaz_madrassah.pdf Madrassa Education in Pakistan and Bangladesh] {{Webarchive}}.'' Asia-Pacific Center for Security Studies: Honolulu. 2005.</ref> <ref name="abdallajuly2004">Abdalla, Amr, et al. ''{{usurped|[https://web.archive.org/web/20050409092424/http://www.beps.net/publications/BangladeshMadrasahStudyFINAL.pdf Pre-primary and Primary Madrasah Education in Bangladesh]}}''. United States Agency for International Development. July 2004</ref> waɗanda ke bin al'adar Calcutta Alia . Tun daga shekarar 2006, shekaru biyu bayan kafa hukumar ilimi ta Befaqul Mudarressin mai zaman kanta don makarantun Qawmi, Gwamnatin Bangladesh ta fara amincewa da wasu digirin Qawmi. Ya zuwa shekarar 2006, akwai kimanin makarantun Qawmi 15,000 da aka yi wa rijista a Bangladesh. tare da malamai 200,000 da ke koyar da 4&nbsp;Dalibai miliyan. <ref name="dstar1" /> Ba a san ainihin alkaluman ba b kuma makarantun Qawmi ba sa adana bayanan shiga. Bugu da ƙari, an yi jayayya cewa idan aka ƙidaya makarantun Qawmi marasa rijista to zai iya sanya jimillar adadin makarantun Bangladesh ya kai 64,000 <ref name="saminaahmed2005">Ahmed, Samina. ''[http://www.crisisgroup.org/en/publication-type/speeches/2005/testimony-of-samina-ahmed-to-us-senate-foreign-relations-committee.aspx Testimony of Samina Ahmed to U.S. Senate Foreign Relations Committee] {{Webarchive}}''. 19 April 2005.</ref> a — yana nuna cewa makarantun Qawmi sun fi takwarorinsu na Alia na hukuma yawa <ref name="bano2008" /> (wanda 25,201 sun kasance a cikin 2004 <ref name="abdallajuly2004" /> ). == Tarihi == Tsarin ilimin Qawmi ya samo asali ne daga tsarin ilimin Musulunci na gargajiya na Bangladesh. A [[Daular Biritaniya|lokacin mulkin mallaka na Birtaniya]], ana kiran waɗannan nau'ikan makarantun madrasah "Khariji," ko kuma a wajen gwamnati. <ref name="abdallajuly2004">Abdalla, Amr, et al. ''{{usurped|[https://web.archive.org/web/20050409092424/http://www.beps.net/publications/BangladeshMadrasahStudyFINAL.pdf Pre-primary and Primary Madrasah Education in Bangladesh]}}''. United States Agency for International Development. July 2004</ref> Daga baya, kalmar "Qawmi" ta fito ne daga kalmar "qom" (ma'ana "jama'a") - wanda ya samo asali ne daga gaskiyar cewa makarantun madrasah na Qawmi sun ƙi tallafin gwamnati kuma maimakon haka sun dogara ne da gudummawar jama'a. Bayan 1971, wasu makarantun Qawmi sun fara sabunta koyarwarsu, kamar canza harshen koyarwa daga [[Urdu]] zuwa [[Yaren Bengali|Bengali]] da kuma ƙara wasu darussan harshen Ingilishi da lissafi. A shekarar 1978, an kafa wata hukumar gwamnati mai suna "Hukumar Ilimi ta Ƙasashen Waje" a yunƙurin daidaita waɗannan makarantun, inda 2,043 suka yi rijista da wannan hukumar a shekarar 1998. <ref name="hossain2010">{{Cite book|edition=Ahmed A.}}</ref> A ƙarshen ƙarni na 20, an sami babban ci gaba mara tsari a fannin madrasah gaba ɗaya, wanda ya faɗaɗa daga kimanin makarantu 4,100 a shekarar 1986 zuwa makarantu masu yuwuwar kaiwa 64,000 nan da shekarar 2005. <ref name="saminaahmed2005">Ahmed, Samina. ''[http://www.crisisgroup.org/en/publication-type/speeches/2005/testimony-of-samina-ahmed-to-us-senate-foreign-relations-committee.aspx Testimony of Samina Ahmed to U.S. Senate Foreign Relations Committee] {{Webarchive}}''. 19 April 2005.</ref> An kafa Hukumar Ilimi ta Befaqul Mudarressin ta Bangladesh a shekarar 2004. <ref name="abdallajuly2004">Abdalla, Amr, et al. ''{{usurped|[https://web.archive.org/web/20050409092424/http://www.beps.net/publications/BangladeshMadrasahStudyFINAL.pdf Pre-primary and Primary Madrasah Education in Bangladesh]}}''. United States Agency for International Development. July 2004</ref> Ba da daɗewa ba, daga watan Agusta na 2006, gwamnatin Bangladesh ta fara amincewa da kuma tallafawa tsarin Qawmi ta hanyar amincewa da 'digiri na Dawra' na makarantun Qaumi a matsayin daidai da digiri na biyu a fannin Nazarin Musulunci ko adabin Larabci. <ref name="IPCS">{{Cite web |last=Singh |first=Supriya |title=Recognizing Qaumi Madrasas in Bangladesh: Boon or a Bane? |url=http://www.ipcs.org/article/bangladesh/recognizing-qaumi-madrasas-in-bangladesh-boon-or-a-bane-2114.html |access-date=17 April 2017}}</ref> A wannan lokacin, kimanin makarantun madrasa 15,000 sun yi rijista da Befaqul Mudarressin. A watan Afrilun 2017, Firayim Minista [[Sheikh Hasina]] ta sake nanata alƙawarinta na amincewa da takaddun shaidar Dawrae Hadith a ƙarƙashin Hukumar Ilimi ta Qawmi a matsayin daidai da digiri na biyu a fannin Nazarin Musulunci da Larabci. == Tsarin ilimin Qawmi == Akwai manyan tsarin ilimi guda biyu na Qawmi: waɗanda ke amfani da tsohon manhajar Dars-i-Nizami da kuma waɗanda ke da manhajar Nizami da aka gyara <ref name="hossain2010">{{Cite book|edition=Ahmed A.}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFSiddiqi2012">Siddiqi, ABM Saiful Islam (2012). [http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Madrasah "Madrasah"]. In [[Sirajul Islam|Islam, Sirajul]]; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). ''Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh'' (Second&nbsp;ed.). [[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]].</cite></ref> (kamar ta hanyar haɗa harshen Turanci da kuma fannin lissafi). Tsarin Dars-i-Nizami ya samo asali ne daga farkon ƙarni na sha takwas na Indiya. <ref name="dmuslims3jan2010">Sikand, Yoginder ''[http://www.dailymuslims.com/Education/Madrasah/614.html Maulana Tariq Rashid Firangi Mahali on Dars-e Nizami and Madrasa Reform in South Asia] {{Webarchive}}''</ref> Akwai wasu ce-ce-ku-ce game da ƙungiyoyin "gyara" tsarin, inda wasu suka kira matakin "makirci na 'ƙiyayya da Musulunci', suna zargin cewa waɗannan hanyoyi ne na mayar da makarantun addini marasa addini da kuma kwace musu asalin Musuluncinsu" - kodayake masu gyara gabaɗaya suna jayayya cewa ba sa son a raba su da addini kuma ba makirci ba ne. <ref name="dmuslims3jan2010" /> Gabaɗaya, ilimin firamare na Qawmi yana ɗaukar shekaru shida, kodayake bai bambanta ɗalibai ta hanyar matakan aji masu ci gaba ba. <ref name="abdallajuly2004">Abdalla, Amr, et al. ''{{usurped|[https://web.archive.org/web/20050409092424/http://www.beps.net/publications/BangladeshMadrasahStudyFINAL.pdf Pre-primary and Primary Madrasah Education in Bangladesh]}}''. United States Agency for International Development. July 2004</ref> Duk da cewa matakin firamare na Qawmi ya shafi dukkan darussan da ake samu a wasu tsarin madrasah, babu takamaiman tsari ko tsari da ake koyar da darussan, kamar yadda ake tsammani a tsarin da aka dogara da aji. Don haka, sanya kalmomin da suka kammala karatun aji a kan tsarin Qawmi bazai zama ma'ana ba. <ref name="abdallajuly2004" /> == Befaqul Mudarressin of Bangladesh Qawmi Madrasah Education Board == A cikin 2004, yawancin madrasah na Qawmi sun fara shiri tare a ƙarƙashin wata ƙungiya mai suna '''Befaqul Mudarressin''' (wanda kuma aka fassara da Wafaq ul Madaris) '''na Hukumar Ilimi ta Qawmi Madrasah na Bangladesh''', wanda ke cikin [[Dhaka]], gami da ƙananan allunan ilimi na Madrasah masu zaman kansu guda bakwai. <ref name="abdallajuly2004">Abdalla, Amr, et al. ''{{usurped|[https://web.archive.org/web/20050409092424/http://www.beps.net/publications/BangladeshMadrasahStudyFINAL.pdf Pre-primary and Primary Madrasah Education in Bangladesh]}}''. United States Agency for International Development. July 2004</ref> Yana da tsawaita tsarin da ya kafa Wafaqul Madaris Al-Arabia, Pakistan a 1957. An kafa hukumar ne domin tabbatar da tsarin manhaja mai tsari da kuma samar da jarrabawa mai tsari. Kasancewa memba a hukumar na son rai ne, kodayake ana buƙatar amincewar digiri daga Befaqul Mudarressin. An tsara ta ne a ƙarƙashin tsarin wakilai masu matakai uku wanda hukumar zartarwa ke jagoranta. Kwamitin mataki na biyu ya ƙunshi manyan makarantu, bayan matakin na uku na makarantun membobin yau da kullun. === Kididdiga === Ya zuwa shekarar 2008, hukumar tana kula da kusan makarantun madrasah 9000 a matakai masu zuwa: == Makarantun Qawmi == Ga wasu daga cikin shahararrun [[Makarantar Islamiyya|makarantun]] Qawmi a Bangladesh: * [https://iom.edu.bd/ Madrasah ta Intanet ta Musulunci (IOM) ita ce babbar madrasah ta yanar gizo a Asiya] * [[Fayil:Gawhardanga_Madrasa.webp|thumb]] [https://gawhardangaboard.com/?p=Home Befaqul Madarisil Qawmia Gawhardanga Bangladesh — shine Hukumar Qawmi] * [[Al-Jamiatul Arabia Kachemul Uloom Kazirhat Hifz Madrasah and Orphanage]] - also known as "Kazirhat Madrasah" * [[Darul Uloom Hathazari|Al-Jamiatul Ahlia Darul Ulum Moinul Islam]] — also known as "Hathazari Madrasah" * Jamia Islamia Yunusia, Brahmanbaria * [[Jamia sharyah seirajul ulum and nur shishosadan, Brahmanbaria]] * [[Jamia Madania Angura Muhammedpur]] (Jamia Angura), Beanibazar, Sylhet - Wanda aka fi sani da Banglar Deobund. * Jamia Tawakkulia Renga Madrasah in Sylhet * Jamiatul Uloom Al-Islamia Lalkhan Bazar — also known as "Lalkhan Bazar Madrasah" * Jami'ar Qur'ania Arabia Lalbagh * [[Jamia Millia Madania Arabia Mirpur Azma Mohila Madrasa|Jamia Millia Madania Arabiya Mirpur Azma Mohila Madrasa]] - "Center of Girls Madrasa" * Al-Jamiah Al-Islamiah Patiya * [[Al-Jamiatul Arabia Haildhar Madrasa|Al-Jamiatul Arabia Lil Banina Wal Banat]] - also known as "Haildhar Madrasah" * [https://demo-madrasa.gqmbd.com Manhajar Gudanar da Madrasa] don Cikakken Cibiyar Yanar Gizo Manhajar Gudanar da Kwalejin Qawmi ta [https://greenbangla21.com GreenBangla21] == Duba kuma == * Jerin Makarantun Qawmi a Bangladesh * Ilimi a Bangladesh * Musulunci a Bangladesh * Ilimin addini * Makarantar agaji * Jerin makarantun hauza na Musulunci * Musulman Bengali == Bayanan ƙasa ==   * Bano (2008) da alama ya yi kuskuren Ahmed (2005), wanda aka ambata kafin wannan bayanin.  * Duk da yake kafofin biyu da aka ambata sun ce akwai kimanin 4000 Qawmi madrasas, hukuncin edita na bisa ga bincike shine cewa adadi na makarantar 4000 ya fi rikon kwarya; Bugu da ƙari, adadi na madrasah 15,000 ya fi shekaru 4 sabo.  == Nassoshi == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 9vxi60re255bmnrmknjlo467ykl62ry 878609 878608 2026-07-07T15:59:48Z Arcdanumma047 38699 878609 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Madrasa''' Bengali , ; ) ɗaya ce daga cikin manyan rukunan ilimi guda biyu [[Makarantar Islamiyya|na madrasah]] a [[Bangladesh]] . <ref name="mumtazahmad2004">Ahmad, Mumtaz. ''[http://www.globalwebpost.com/farooqm/study_res/bangladesh/mumtaz_madrassah.pdf Madrassa Education in Pakistan and Bangladesh] {{Webarchive}}.'' Asia-Pacific Center for Security Studies: Honolulu. 2005.</ref> Hukumar Ilimi ta Madrasah ta Bangladesh ba ta tsara waɗannan madrasah ba. <ref>{{Cite book|last3=Ali Riaz}}</ref> A matsayin ƙungiyoyin agaji masu zaman kansu, madrasahs na Qawmi kusan ana tallafa musu ne kawai ta hanyar gudummawa . A da, digirin da suka bayar ba su da takardar shaida ko kuma shaidar hukuma, sabanin waɗanda ake bayarwa daga makarantun Alia na hukuma (wanda kuma ake rubutawa "Aliya" da "Aliah"), <ref name="mumtazahmad2004">Ahmad, Mumtaz. ''[http://www.globalwebpost.com/farooqm/study_res/bangladesh/mumtaz_madrassah.pdf Madrassa Education in Pakistan and Bangladesh] {{Webarchive}}.'' Asia-Pacific Center for Security Studies: Honolulu. 2005.</ref> <ref name="abdallajuly2004">Abdalla, Amr, et al. ''{{usurped|[https://web.archive.org/web/20050409092424/http://www.beps.net/publications/BangladeshMadrasahStudyFINAL.pdf Pre-primary and Primary Madrasah Education in Bangladesh]}}''. United States Agency for International Development. July 2004</ref> waɗanda ke bin al'adar Calcutta Alia . Tun daga shekarar 2006, shekaru biyu bayan kafa hukumar ilimi ta Befaqul Mudarressin mai zaman kanta don makarantun Qawmi, Gwamnatin Bangladesh ta fara amincewa da wasu digirin Qawmi. Ya zuwa shekarar 2006, akwai kimanin makarantun Qawmi 15,000 da aka yi wa rijista a Bangladesh. tare da malamai 200,000 da ke koyar da 4&nbsp;Dalibai miliyan. <ref name="dstar1" /> Ba a san ainihin alkaluman ba b kuma makarantun Qawmi ba sa adana bayanan shiga. Bugu da ƙari, an yi jayayya cewa idan aka ƙidaya makarantun Qawmi marasa rijista to zai iya sanya jimillar adadin makarantun Bangladesh ya kai 64,000 <ref name="saminaahmed2005">Ahmed, Samina. ''[http://www.crisisgroup.org/en/publication-type/speeches/2005/testimony-of-samina-ahmed-to-us-senate-foreign-relations-committee.aspx Testimony of Samina Ahmed to U.S. Senate Foreign Relations Committee] {{Webarchive}}''. 19 April 2005.</ref> a — yana nuna cewa makarantun Qawmi sun fi takwarorinsu na Alia na hukuma yawa <ref name="bano2008" /> (wanda 25,201 sun kasance a cikin 2004 <ref name="abdallajuly2004" /> ). == Tarihi == Tsarin ilimin Qawmi ya samo asali ne daga tsarin ilimin Musulunci na gargajiya na Bangladesh. A [[Daular Biritaniya|lokacin mulkin mallaka na Birtaniya]], ana kiran waɗannan nau'ikan makarantun madrasah "Khariji," ko kuma a wajen gwamnati. <ref name="abdallajuly2004">Abdalla, Amr, et al. ''{{usurped|[https://web.archive.org/web/20050409092424/http://www.beps.net/publications/BangladeshMadrasahStudyFINAL.pdf Pre-primary and Primary Madrasah Education in Bangladesh]}}''. United States Agency for International Development. July 2004</ref> Daga baya, kalmar "Qawmi" ta fito ne daga kalmar "qom" (ma'ana "jama'a") - wanda ya samo asali ne daga gaskiyar cewa makarantun madrasah na Qawmi sun ƙi tallafin gwamnati kuma maimakon haka sun dogara ne da gudummawar jama'a. Bayan 1971, wasu makarantun Qawmi sun fara sabunta koyarwarsu, kamar canza harshen koyarwa daga [[Urdu]] zuwa [[Yaren Bengali|Bengali]] da kuma ƙara wasu darussan harshen Ingilishi da lissafi. A shekarar 1978, an kafa wata hukumar gwamnati mai suna "Hukumar Ilimi ta Ƙasashen Waje" a yunƙurin daidaita waɗannan makarantun, inda 2,043 suka yi rijista da wannan hukumar a shekarar 1998. <ref name="hossain2010">{{Cite book|edition=Ahmed A.}}</ref> A ƙarshen ƙarni na 20, an sami babban ci gaba mara tsari a fannin madrasah gaba ɗaya, wanda ya faɗaɗa daga kimanin makarantu 4,100 a shekarar 1986 zuwa makarantu masu yuwuwar kaiwa 64,000 nan da shekarar 2005. <ref name="saminaahmed2005">Ahmed, Samina. ''[http://www.crisisgroup.org/en/publication-type/speeches/2005/testimony-of-samina-ahmed-to-us-senate-foreign-relations-committee.aspx Testimony of Samina Ahmed to U.S. Senate Foreign Relations Committee] {{Webarchive}}''. 19 April 2005.</ref> An kafa Hukumar Ilimi ta Befaqul Mudarressin ta Bangladesh a shekarar 2004. <ref name="abdallajuly2004">Abdalla, Amr, et al. ''{{usurped|[https://web.archive.org/web/20050409092424/http://www.beps.net/publications/BangladeshMadrasahStudyFINAL.pdf Pre-primary and Primary Madrasah Education in Bangladesh]}}''. United States Agency for International Development. July 2004</ref> Ba da daɗewa ba, daga watan Agusta na 2006, gwamnatin Bangladesh ta fara amincewa da kuma tallafawa tsarin Qawmi ta hanyar amincewa da 'digiri na Dawra' na makarantun Qaumi a matsayin daidai da digiri na biyu a fannin Nazarin Musulunci ko adabin Larabci. <ref name="IPCS">{{Cite web |last=Singh |first=Supriya |title=Recognizing Qaumi Madrasas in Bangladesh: Boon or a Bane? |url=http://www.ipcs.org/article/bangladesh/recognizing-qaumi-madrasas-in-bangladesh-boon-or-a-bane-2114.html |access-date=17 April 2017}}</ref> A wannan lokacin, kimanin makarantun madrasa 15,000 sun yi rijista da Befaqul Mudarressin. A watan Afrilun 2017, Firayim Minista [[Sheikh Hasina]] ta sake nanata alƙawarinta na amincewa da takaddun shaidar Dawrae Hadith a ƙarƙashin Hukumar Ilimi ta Qawmi a matsayin daidai da digiri na biyu a fannin Nazarin Musulunci da Larabci. == Tsarin ilimin Qawmi == Akwai manyan tsarin ilimi guda biyu na Qawmi: waɗanda ke amfani da tsohon manhajar Dars-i-Nizami da kuma waɗanda ke da manhajar Nizami da aka gyara <ref name="hossain2010">{{Cite book|edition=Ahmed A.}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFSiddiqi2012">Siddiqi, ABM Saiful Islam (2012). [http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Madrasah "Madrasah"]. In [[Sirajul Islam|Islam, Sirajul]]; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). ''Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh'' (Second&nbsp;ed.). [[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]].</cite></ref> (kamar ta hanyar haɗa harshen Turanci da kuma fannin lissafi). Tsarin Dars-i-Nizami ya samo asali ne daga farkon ƙarni na sha takwas na Indiya. <ref name="dmuslims3jan2010">Sikand, Yoginder ''[http://www.dailymuslims.com/Education/Madrasah/614.html Maulana Tariq Rashid Firangi Mahali on Dars-e Nizami and Madrasa Reform in South Asia] {{Webarchive}}''</ref> Akwai wasu ce-ce-ku-ce game da ƙungiyoyin "gyara" tsarin, inda wasu suka kira matakin "makirci na 'ƙiyayya da Musulunci', suna zargin cewa waɗannan hanyoyi ne na mayar da makarantun addini marasa addini da kuma kwace musu asalin Musuluncinsu" - kodayake masu gyara gabaɗaya suna jayayya cewa ba sa son a raba su da addini kuma ba makirci ba ne. <ref name="dmuslims3jan2010" /> Gabaɗaya, ilimin firamare na Qawmi yana ɗaukar shekaru shida, kodayake bai bambanta ɗalibai ta hanyar matakan aji masu ci gaba ba. <ref name="abdallajuly2004">Abdalla, Amr, et al. ''{{usurped|[https://web.archive.org/web/20050409092424/http://www.beps.net/publications/BangladeshMadrasahStudyFINAL.pdf Pre-primary and Primary Madrasah Education in Bangladesh]}}''. United States Agency for International Development. July 2004</ref> Duk da cewa matakin firamare na Qawmi ya shafi dukkan darussan da ake samu a wasu tsarin madrasah, babu takamaiman tsari ko tsari da ake koyar da darussan, kamar yadda ake tsammani a tsarin da aka dogara da aji. Don haka, sanya kalmomin da suka kammala karatun aji a kan tsarin Qawmi bazai zama ma'ana ba. <ref name="abdallajuly2004" /> == Befaqul Mudarressin of Bangladesh Qawmi Madrasah Education Board == A cikin 2004, yawancin madrasah na Qawmi sun fara shiri tare a ƙarƙashin wata ƙungiya mai suna '''Befaqul Mudarressin''' (wanda kuma aka fassara da Wafaq ul Madaris) '''na Hukumar Ilimi ta Qawmi Madrasah na Bangladesh''', wanda ke cikin [[Dhaka]], gami da ƙananan allunan ilimi na Madrasah masu zaman kansu guda bakwai. <ref name="abdallajuly2004">Abdalla, Amr, et al. ''{{usurped|[https://web.archive.org/web/20050409092424/http://www.beps.net/publications/BangladeshMadrasahStudyFINAL.pdf Pre-primary and Primary Madrasah Education in Bangladesh]}}''. United States Agency for International Development. July 2004</ref> Yana da tsawaita tsarin da ya kafa Wafaqul Madaris Al-Arabia, Pakistan a 1957. An kafa hukumar ne domin tabbatar da tsarin manhaja mai tsari da kuma samar da jarrabawa mai tsari. Kasancewa memba a hukumar na son rai ne, kodayake ana buƙatar amincewar digiri daga Befaqul Mudarressin. An tsara ta ne a ƙarƙashin tsarin wakilai masu matakai uku wanda hukumar zartarwa ke jagoranta. Kwamitin mataki na biyu ya ƙunshi manyan makarantu, bayan matakin na uku na makarantun membobin yau da kullun. === Kididdiga === Ya zuwa shekarar 2008, hukumar tana kula da kusan makarantun madrasah 9000 a matakai masu zuwa: == Makarantun Qawmi == Ga wasu daga cikin shahararrun [[Makarantar Islamiyya|makarantun]] Qawmi a Bangladesh: * [https://iom.edu.bd/ Madrasah ta Intanet ta Musulunci (IOM) ita ce babbar madrasah ta yanar gizo a Asiya] * [[Fayil:Gawhardanga_Madrasa.webp|thumb]] [https://gawhardangaboard.com/?p=Home Befaqul Madarisil Qawmia Gawhardanga Bangladesh — shine Hukumar Qawmi] * [[Al-Jamiatul Arabia Kachemul Uloom Kazirhat Hifz Madrasah and Orphanage]] - also known as "Kazirhat Madrasah" * [[Darul Uloom Hathazari|Al-Jamiatul Ahlia Darul Ulum Moinul Islam]] — also known as "Hathazari Madrasah" * Jamia Islamia Yunusia, Brahmanbaria * [[Jamia sharyah seirajul ulum and nur shishosadan, Brahmanbaria]] * [[Jamia Madania Angura Muhammedpur]] (Jamia Angura), Beanibazar, Sylhet - Wanda aka fi sani da Banglar Deobund. * Jamia Tawakkulia Renga Madrasah in Sylhet * Jamiatul Uloom Al-Islamia Lalkhan Bazar — also known as "Lalkhan Bazar Madrasah" * Jami'ar Qur'ania Arabia Lalbagh * [[Jamia Millia Madania Arabia Mirpur Azma Mohila Madrasa|Jamia Millia Madania Arabiya Mirpur Azma Mohila Madrasa]] - "Center of Girls Madrasa" * Al-Jamiah Al-Islamiah Patiya * [[Al-Jamiatul Arabia Haildhar Madrasa|Al-Jamiatul Arabia Lil Banina Wal Banat]] - also known as "Haildhar Madrasah" * [https://demo-madrasa.gqmbd.com Manhajar Gudanar da Madrasa] don Cikakken Cibiyar Yanar Gizo Manhajar Gudanar da Kwalejin Qawmi ta [https://greenbangla21.com GreenBangla21] == Duba kuma == * Jerin Makarantun Qawmi a Bangladesh * Ilimi a Bangladesh * Musulunci a Bangladesh * Ilimin addini * Makarantar agaji * Jerin makarantun hauza na Musulunci * Musulman Bengali == Bayanan ƙasa ==   * Bano (2008) da alama ya yi kuskuren Ahmed (2005), wanda aka ambata kafin wannan bayanin.  * Duk da yake kafofin biyu da aka ambata sun ce akwai kimanin 4000 Qawmi madrasas, hukuncin edita na bisa ga bincike shine cewa adadi na makarantar 4000 ya fi rikon kwarya; Bugu da ƙari, adadi na madrasah 15,000 ya fi shekaru 4 sabo.  == Nassoshi == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 6topkh69ah7b798fj56joq13un0s7dr 0 161029 878610 2026-07-07T16:00:59Z Arcdanumma047 38699 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1360853910|Pre-school playgroup]]" 878610 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ƙungiyar wasan yara ta makarantun gaba da sakandare''', ko kuma a cikin amfani da '''ita''' na yau da kullun, ƙungiya ce mai tsari wadda ke ba da kulawa da zamantakewa ga yara 'yan ƙasa da shekara biyar. Kalmar ana amfani da ita sosai a [[Birtaniya|Burtaniya]] . Ƙungiyoyin wasan yara iri ɗaya ne da makarantun gaba da sakandare da makarantun yara . Suna iya ba da kulawa ta cikakken lokaci, ko kuma suna aiki na 'yan awanni kaɗan kawai a rana a lokacin makaranta ko duk shekara. Tsarin kasuwanci na ƙungiyar yara ya canza akan lokaci kuma yanzu sun yi kama da makarantun gaba da sakandare, makarantun yara da makarantu. Ma'aikatan jinya na yara, malaman yara ko ƙwararrun masu aikin yara ne ke kula da su, kuma mutane masu zaman kansu ko ƙungiyoyin agaji ne ke gudanar da su, maimakon gwamnati ko kamfanoni. A Burtaniya, tun daga kusan shekarun 1980, yankin gargajiya na ƙungiyar wasan kwaikwayo ya kasance cikin mawuyacin hali ta hanyar faɗaɗa ilimin yara na yau da kullun, kuma ƙungiyoyin wasan kwaikwayo galibi suna kula da yara 'yan shekara 2 zuwa 5 kafin su koma makaranta. A cikin wannan lokacin, an sami ƙaruwa a cikin kulawar gwamnati na ƙungiyoyin wasan kwaikwayo. == Ƙungiyoyin wasanni a Amurka == A Amurka, ƙungiyar wasan kwaikwayo ƙungiya ce ta iyaye da ke da niyyar sa yaran su haɗu su yi wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Parent‑Child Playgroups |url=https://www.ccccnc.org/parent-child-playgroups |access-date=31 January 2026 |publisher=Child Care Coordinating Council of the North Country, Inc.}}</ref> Akwai ƙungiyoyin wasan kwaikwayo waɗanda ke kula da takamaiman nau'ikan iyaye, musamman waɗanda suka haɗa da iyaye maza da mata da ke zama a gida, uwaye masu zama a gida, da uwaye masu aiki. A yankunan Amurka inda ake samun karɓuwa a koyar da gida, ba sabon abu ba ne a ga ƙungiyoyi musamman don iyalai masu koyar da gida. Waɗannan na iya zama ɓangare na ƙungiyoyin wasan kwaikwayo na gida ko ma na ƙasa. Coci-coci, cibiyoyin shakatawa, da sauran ƙungiyoyin al'umma wani lokacin suna tallafawa ƙungiyoyin wasan kwaikwayo na mako-mako ko na wata-wata. Ƙungiyar mutum ɗaya ce ke ƙayyade [[Age limit|iyakokin shekaru]] . Wasu ƙungiyoyi suna da iyakokin shekaru sama da haka wasu kuma ba sa yi. Ba sabon abu ba ne a ga ƙungiyoyi inda, ban da ayyukan yara, akwai tarurrukan zamantakewa ga dukan iyali ko ga iyaye kawai. A cikin al'ummomin da ke da saurin yawo, ƙungiyoyin wasan kwaikwayo na iya zama kayan aiki mai mahimmanci don gina hanyoyin sadarwar zamantakewa na iyalai matasa waɗanda suka ƙaura kwanan nan zuwa yankin. == Ƙungiyoyin wasanni na ƙasa da ƙasa a Netherlands == == Ƙungiyoyin wasanni a Ostiraliya == Playgroup Ostiraliya ita ce kololuwar ƙasa da kuma hukumar gudanarwa ta ƙungiyoyin wasa a Ostiraliya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Vision and Mission |url=http://www.playgroupaustralia.com.au/files/pdf/playgroupAU_page_Vision_and_Mission.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130503225437/http://playgroupaustralia.com.au/files/pdf/playgroupAU_page_Vision_and_Mission.pdf |archive-date=2013-05-03 |access-date=2010-06-29 |website=playgroupaustralia |publisher=Playgroup Australia |format=PDF}}</ref> Playgroup wani zaman taro ne na yau da kullun inda uwaye, ubaye, kakanni, masu kula da yara, da yara ke haɗuwa tare a cikin yanayi mai annashuwa. <ref name="whatis">{{Cite web |date=December 4, 2008 |title=What is a Playgroup? |url=http://www.playgroupaustralia.com.au/go/what-is-a-playgroup |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090113155117/http://www.playgroupaustralia.com.au/go/what-is-a-playgroup |archive-date=January 13, 2009 |access-date=2008-12-04 |website=playgroupaustralia |publisher=Playgroup Australia}}</ref> Iyaye da masu kula da yara ne ke kafa ƙungiyoyin wasanni kuma suna gudanar da su, inda yara ke zaɓar daga cikin ayyuka daban-daban da aka tsara don biyan buƙatunsu daban-daban. Ayyuka a rukunin wasanni kyauta ne ko kuma masu rahusa, kuma suna iya haɗawa da kiɗa da waƙa, wasan kwaikwayo na ban mamaki, wasan waje da kyauta, ayyukan fasaha da sana'o'i ko fita waje. <ref name="whatis">{{Cite web |date=December 4, 2008 |title=What is a Playgroup? |url=http://www.playgroupaustralia.com.au/go/what-is-a-playgroup |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090113155117/http://www.playgroupaustralia.com.au/go/what-is-a-playgroup |archive-date=January 13, 2009 |access-date=2008-12-04 |website=playgroupaustralia |publisher=Playgroup Australia}}</ref> Ana iya gudanar da wasannin yara a duk inda yara ke da aminci kuma inda ƙungiyoyin mutane za su iya haɗuwa - cibiyoyin al'umma da na unguwa, asibitoci, cibiyoyin mata, makarantun gaba da sakandare da na yara, dakunan coci har ma a gidan wani. A cikin ƙungiyar wasanni, iyaye da masu kula da yara suna zama don yin mu'amala da sauran manya da kuma yin wasa da yara. Babu wani yaro da ya yi ƙanƙanta ga ƙungiyar wasanni. == Ƙungiyoyin wasanni a Hong Kong == A Hong Kong, yara 'yan makarantan gaba da sakandare (shekaru 0-3) suna shiga ƙungiyoyin wasanni don yin karatu (galibi harsunan ƙasashen waje) a cikin yanayi mai hulɗa kafin shiga makarantar yara. == Ƙungiyoyin wasa a Philippines == A ƙasar Philippines, ana iya ganin cibiyoyin wasan kwaikwayo na yau da kullun a manyan kantuna inda iyaye za su iya barin 'ya'yansu na ɗan lokaci zuwa 'yan awanni a cikin yanayi mai hulɗa inda za su iya yin wasa da koyo tare da ƙungiyar yara bazuwar. Akwai kuma azuzuwan wasan yara na yara a makarantu da dama waɗanda ke ba da haɗin Kiɗan Iyali, ba da labari, ayyukan ji, wasanin gwada ilimi masu sauƙi, da ayyukan daidaitawa da rarrabawa. == Manazarta == rshs4lqwova3w8hveb4hs25tr60xlg9 878611 878610 2026-07-07T16:01:25Z Arcdanumma047 38699 878611 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ƙungiyar wasan yara ta makarantun gaba da sakandare''', ko kuma a cikin amfani da '''ita''' na yau da kullun, ƙungiya ce mai tsari wadda ke ba da kulawa da zamantakewa ga yara 'yan ƙasa da shekara biyar. Kalmar ana amfani da ita sosai a [[Birtaniya|Burtaniya]] . Ƙungiyoyin wasan yara iri ɗaya ne da makarantun gaba da sakandare da makarantun yara . Suna iya ba da kulawa ta cikakken lokaci, ko kuma suna aiki na 'yan awanni kaɗan kawai a rana a lokacin makaranta ko duk shekara. Tsarin kasuwanci na ƙungiyar yara ya canza akan lokaci kuma yanzu sun yi kama da makarantun gaba da sakandare, makarantun yara da makarantu. Ma'aikatan jinya na yara, malaman yara ko ƙwararrun masu aikin yara ne ke kula da su, kuma mutane masu zaman kansu ko ƙungiyoyin agaji ne ke gudanar da su, maimakon gwamnati ko kamfanoni. A Burtaniya, tun daga kusan shekarun 1980, yankin gargajiya na ƙungiyar wasan kwaikwayo ya kasance cikin mawuyacin hali ta hanyar faɗaɗa ilimin yara na yau da kullun, kuma ƙungiyoyin wasan kwaikwayo galibi suna kula da yara 'yan shekara 2 zuwa 5 kafin su koma makaranta. A cikin wannan lokacin, an sami ƙaruwa a cikin kulawar gwamnati na ƙungiyoyin wasan kwaikwayo. == Ƙungiyoyin wasanni a Amurka == A Amurka, ƙungiyar wasan kwaikwayo ƙungiya ce ta iyaye da ke da niyyar sa yaran su haɗu su yi wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Parent‑Child Playgroups |url=https://www.ccccnc.org/parent-child-playgroups |access-date=31 January 2026 |publisher=Child Care Coordinating Council of the North Country, Inc.}}</ref> Akwai ƙungiyoyin wasan kwaikwayo waɗanda ke kula da takamaiman nau'ikan iyaye, musamman waɗanda suka haɗa da iyaye maza da mata da ke zama a gida, uwaye masu zama a gida, da uwaye masu aiki. A yankunan Amurka inda ake samun karɓuwa a koyar da gida, ba sabon abu ba ne a ga ƙungiyoyi musamman don iyalai masu koyar da gida. Waɗannan na iya zama ɓangare na ƙungiyoyin wasan kwaikwayo na gida ko ma na ƙasa. Coci-coci, cibiyoyin shakatawa, da sauran ƙungiyoyin al'umma wani lokacin suna tallafawa ƙungiyoyin wasan kwaikwayo na mako-mako ko na wata-wata. Ƙungiyar mutum ɗaya ce ke ƙayyade [[Age limit|iyakokin shekaru]] . Wasu ƙungiyoyi suna da iyakokin shekaru sama da haka wasu kuma ba sa yi. Ba sabon abu ba ne a ga ƙungiyoyi inda, ban da ayyukan yara, akwai tarurrukan zamantakewa ga dukan iyali ko ga iyaye kawai. A cikin al'ummomin da ke da saurin yawo, ƙungiyoyin wasan kwaikwayo na iya zama kayan aiki mai mahimmanci don gina hanyoyin sadarwar zamantakewa na iyalai matasa waɗanda suka ƙaura kwanan nan zuwa yankin. == Ƙungiyoyin wasanni na ƙasa da ƙasa a Netherlands == == Ƙungiyoyin wasanni a Ostiraliya == Playgroup Ostiraliya ita ce kololuwar ƙasa da kuma hukumar gudanarwa ta ƙungiyoyin wasa a Ostiraliya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Vision and Mission |url=http://www.playgroupaustralia.com.au/files/pdf/playgroupAU_page_Vision_and_Mission.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130503225437/http://playgroupaustralia.com.au/files/pdf/playgroupAU_page_Vision_and_Mission.pdf |archive-date=2013-05-03 |access-date=2010-06-29 |website=playgroupaustralia |publisher=Playgroup Australia |format=PDF}}</ref> Playgroup wani zaman taro ne na yau da kullun inda uwaye, ubaye, kakanni, masu kula da yara, da yara ke haɗuwa tare a cikin yanayi mai annashuwa. <ref name="whatis">{{Cite web |date=December 4, 2008 |title=What is a Playgroup? |url=http://www.playgroupaustralia.com.au/go/what-is-a-playgroup |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090113155117/http://www.playgroupaustralia.com.au/go/what-is-a-playgroup |archive-date=January 13, 2009 |access-date=2008-12-04 |website=playgroupaustralia |publisher=Playgroup Australia}}</ref> Iyaye da masu kula da yara ne ke kafa ƙungiyoyin wasanni kuma suna gudanar da su, inda yara ke zaɓar daga cikin ayyuka daban-daban da aka tsara don biyan buƙatunsu daban-daban. Ayyuka a rukunin wasanni kyauta ne ko kuma masu rahusa, kuma suna iya haɗawa da kiɗa da waƙa, wasan kwaikwayo na ban mamaki, wasan waje da kyauta, ayyukan fasaha da sana'o'i ko fita waje. <ref name="whatis">{{Cite web |date=December 4, 2008 |title=What is a Playgroup? |url=http://www.playgroupaustralia.com.au/go/what-is-a-playgroup |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090113155117/http://www.playgroupaustralia.com.au/go/what-is-a-playgroup |archive-date=January 13, 2009 |access-date=2008-12-04 |website=playgroupaustralia |publisher=Playgroup Australia}}</ref> Ana iya gudanar da wasannin yara a duk inda yara ke da aminci kuma inda ƙungiyoyin mutane za su iya haɗuwa - cibiyoyin al'umma da na unguwa, asibitoci, cibiyoyin mata, makarantun gaba da sakandare da na yara, dakunan coci har ma a gidan wani. A cikin ƙungiyar wasanni, iyaye da masu kula da yara suna zama don yin mu'amala da sauran manya da kuma yin wasa da yara. Babu wani yaro da ya yi ƙanƙanta ga ƙungiyar wasanni. == Ƙungiyoyin wasanni a Hong Kong == A Hong Kong, yara 'yan makarantan gaba da sakandare (shekaru 0-3) suna shiga ƙungiyoyin wasanni don yin karatu (galibi harsunan ƙasashen waje) a cikin yanayi mai hulɗa kafin shiga makarantar yara. == Ƙungiyoyin wasa a Philippines == A ƙasar Philippines, ana iya ganin cibiyoyin wasan kwaikwayo na yau da kullun a manyan kantuna inda iyaye za su iya barin 'ya'yansu na ɗan lokaci zuwa 'yan awanni a cikin yanayi mai hulɗa inda za su iya yin wasa da koyo tare da ƙungiyar yara bazuwar. Akwai kuma azuzuwan wasan yara na yara a makarantu da dama waɗanda ke ba da haɗin Kiɗan Iyali, ba da labari, ayyukan ji, wasanin gwada ilimi masu sauƙi, da ayyukan daidaitawa da rarrabawa. == Manazarta == r45e4yngrf6zresyas91g09o55gydcj 0 161030 878625 2026-07-07T18:08:20Z Featherdiamond 46529 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1362901134|Foreign fighters in the Russo-Ukrainian war]]" 878625 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Yaƙin Rasha da Ukraine]] an sami sojojin haya da ‘yan sa kai daga [[:en:Foreign_volunteers|Masu sa kai na kasashen waje]] '''i'''nda suka shiga yaƙin domin taya ko taimakawa bangarorin biyu. Yawancin mayaƙan ƙasashen waje sun shiga yaƙin ne  a daya daga cikin yaƙi biyu da aka yi tsakanin ƙasashen biyu. Yaƙi na farko shine [[:en:War_in_Donbas|yaƙi a Donbas]] wanda ya faru daga shekarar 2014 zuwa shekarar 2019 domin an sami sojojin haya ko ace na ƙasashen waje kemanin mayaƙa kasashe 17,241. {{Efn|Numbers for foreign fighters between 2014 and 2019 are according to a study by Arkadiusz Legieć, a Senior Analyst at the Polish Institute of International Affairs.<ref name="Legieć" />}} Masu bincike sun bayyan cewa yaƙi na biyu wato wanda aka fara a shekarar 2022 bayan [[Mamayewar Rasha a Ukraine na 2022|mamayar Rasha a Ukraine]] cewa shine yafi griman yawan mayaƙa daga ƙasashen waje. yaƙin ya ga mutane na kasashe daban-daban sun shiga a matasayin sojoji, misali Ukraine ta kafa rundunar yan ƙasashen waje da Rasha ta dauki ma'aikata da ta dinga turawa fagen yaƙi. == Sharar fage == [[:en:Russo-Ukraine_War|Yaƙin biyu da ƙasashen Russo-Ukraine]] sukai an sami shigar mayaƙan ƙasashen waje: Akwai rikunin da suka shiga shekarar yaƙin a shekarar 2014 wasu sun shiga cikin bataliyoyin sa kai na Ukraine sai kuma wadanda suka shiga bangaren ‘yan awaren Donbas masu goyon bayan Rasha wanda ya haddasa [[:en:War_in_Donbas|yanƙin Donbas]]. Sai kuma na biyu a shekarar 2022 inda wasu yan ƙasashen waje suka shiga domin taya [[Mamayewar Rasha a Ukraine na 2022|Rasha mamayar Ukraine,]] wasu kuma suka shiga yaƙin domin taya Ukraine kare iyakokin ta. === Yaƙin Donbas === Aikin mayaƙan ƙasashen waje a yaƙin shekarar 2014 ya kasance na ɗan gajeren lokaci, wani mai bincike mai suna Kacper Rekawek ya rubuta, "mayaƙa daga ƙasashen waje sun shiga yaƙin a lokacin rani na shekarar 2014, kuma mafi yawansu sun bar Ukraine a shekara ta 2015, koda yake wasu ‘yan kadan sun dawo daga baya, tare zama din-din-din a Ukraine." A ƙarshen shekara ta 2015, Rekawek ya lura, "duka bangarorin biyu sun ɗauki matakai na sanya sojojin haya cikin rukunin sojojin wanda ya kai suka haɗa su a cikin rukunin bataliyan sojoji. Ƙasashen biyu sun kawo ƙarshen daukar sojojin haya da na ƙasashen waje a shekarar 2015.<ref name="18March2022-12Points" /> Wani bincike na mayaƙan ƙasashen waje da Arkadiusz Legkien, Babban Mai Bincike a Cibiyar Harkokin Kasashen Duniya ta [[Poland]], ya kiyasta cewa kimanin mayaƙan daga ƙasashen duniya 17,241 suka yi yaƙi a Ukraine tsakanin 2014 da 2019. Mayaƙa 3,879 daga cikin wadannan mayaƙan ƙasashen waje sun goyi bayan Ukraine kuma sun shiga rundunonin masu sa kai na ƙasashen waje. Mafi girman rukuni na mayakan ƙasashen waje a Ukraine sun kasance 'yan sa kai 3,000 daga Rasha. Rikunin sojojin ƙasar waje na biyu mafi girma ya ƙunshi kemanin [[:en:Belarusians|'Yan Belarus]] 300. Rukuni na uku mafi girma ya ƙunshi [[Mutanen Georgia|'Yan Georgia]] 120. Sauran mayaƙan ƙasar waje da suka zarta 50 sune yan ƙasar [[Kroatiya|Croatia]], wanda suka kai kimanin mayaka 60. Sauran ƙasashen da 'yan ƙasarsu suka goyi bayan Ukraine sun haɗa da [[Albaniya|Albania]] (15), [[Asturaliya|Australia]] (5), [[Austriya|Austria]] (35), [[Azerbaijan]] (20), [[Beljik|Belgium]] (1), [[Bosnia da Herzegovina]] (5), [[Bulgeriya|Bulgaria]] (6), [[Kanada]] (10), [[Kazech|Jamhuriyar Czech]] (5), [[Denmark]] (15), [[Istoniya|Estonia]] (10), [[Finland]] (15), [[Faransa]] (15), [[Jamus]] (15), [[Girka (ƙasa)|Girka]] (2), [[Ayilan (ƙasa)|Ireland]] (7), [[Isra'ila]] (15), [[Italiya]] (35), [[Laitfiya|Latvia]] (8), [[Moldufiniya|Moldova]] (15), [[:en:Kosovo|Kosovo]] (4), [[Holand|Netherlands]] (3), [[Masadoiniya ta Arewa|Arewacin Macedonia]] (4), [[Norway]] (10), [[Poland]] (10), [[Portugal]] (1), [[Romainiya|Romania]] (4), [[Serbiya|Serbia]] (6), [[Slofakiya|Slovakia]] (25), [[Turkiyya]] (30), [[Ingila]] (10), da [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]] (15). === Mamayewar Rasha a Ukraine === Kaddamar da harin [[:en:2022_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine|Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022]] ya haddasa ƙaruwar yawan sojojin haya da sojojin ƙasashen waje [[Mamayewar Rasha a Ukraine na 2022|a yaƙ]]<nowiki/>in.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=August 2022}}<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> Kwana biyu a fara mamayar da Rasha tayi gwamnatin Ukraine ta sanar da samar da [[:en:International_Legion_of_Territorial_Defense_of_Ukraine|sashen sojojin ƙasashen waje]] a hukumance., Wannan mataki anyi zargin cewa ya sami goyon bayan wasu ƙasashe bayan da shugabannin sukai wasu kalamai masu harshen damo.<ref name="EstoniaParliamentaryDebate">{{Cite web |date=13 March 2022 |title=Parliamentary groups debate allowing Estonian citizens to fight in Ukraine |url=https://news.err.ee/1608515537/parliamentary-groups-debate-allowing-estonian-citizens-to-fight-in-ukraine |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220303101335/https://news.err.ee/1608515537/parliamentary-groups-debate-allowing-estonian-citizens-to-fight-in-ukraine |archive-date=3 March 2022 |access-date=13 March 2022 |website=[[Eesti Rahvusringhääling]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=28 February 2022 |title=Saeima moves to let Latvians fight for Ukraine without fear of prosecution |url=https://eng.lsm.lv/article/politics/saeima/saeima-moves-to-let-latvians-fight-for-ukraine-without-fear-of-prosecution.a445637/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220228105104/https://eng.lsm.lv/article/politics/saeima/saeima-moves-to-let-latvians-fight-for-ukraine-without-fear-of-prosecution.a445637/ |archive-date=28 February 2022 |access-date=3 March 2022 |website=[[Lsm.lv]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=27 February 2022 |title=UK's Liz Truss: I support Brits who take up arms against Putin |url=https://www.politico.eu/article/ukraine-united-kingdom-russia-war-liz-truss-support-brits-arms-against-vladimir-putin/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220304112000/https://www.politico.eu/article/ukraine-united-kingdom-russia-war-liz-truss-support-brits-arms-against-vladimir-putin/ |archive-date=4 March 2022 |access-date=27 February 2022 |website=[[Politico]]}}</ref> Ya dai kasance sashen sojin haya daga Georgia da ake kira da [[:en:Georgian_Legion_(Ukraine)|Georgian Legion]] a kuma wadanda suke daga ƙasar Belarusia wanda ake kira [[:en:Kastuś_Kalinoŭski_Regiment|Kastuś Kalinoŭski Regiment]] An dai ga [[:en:President_of_Russia|Shugaban Rasha]] [[Vladimir Putin]] yya fito karara yana yin marhaba tare da kiran sojojin kasashen waje domin su shiga yakin don taya Rasha. Akasarin sojojin kasashen waje da suka isa Rasha domin taya ta yako an sanya su ne a [[:en:Prizrak_Brigade|Brigade na Prizrak]] . ==== Masu sa kai da ma'aikata na Gabas ta Tsakiya da Afirka ==== Bayan harin da Rasha ta kai a shekarar 2022, jami'an leƙen asirin Amurka da Ukraine sun yi zargin cewa Rasha ta nemi hayar da kuma tura mayakan da ta riga ta tura daga dakarun da take tallafawa a wurare kamar [[Siriya]], [[Libya]], da [[Afirka ta Tsakiya (ƙasa)|Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya]] karkashin umurnin sojojin soja masu zaman kansu na Wagner Group.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Borger |first=Julian |date=7 March 2022 |title=Russia trying to recruit Syrians to fight in Ukraine, says Pentagon |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/mar/07/russia-trying-to-recruit-syrians-to-fight-in-ukraine-says-pentagon |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220804053927/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/mar/07/russia-trying-to-recruit-syrians-to-fight-in-ukraine-says-pentagon |archive-date=4 August 2022 |access-date=19 August 2022 |website=The Guardian}}</ref><ref name="HireLibyansSerbians">{{Cite web |last=Starr |first=Michael |date=5 May 2022 |title=Russia to bring Libyan, Serbian mercenaries to Ukraine - Ukrainian sources |url=https://www.jpost.com/breaking-news/article-701150 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220816034552/https://www.jpost.com/breaking-news/article-701150 |archive-date=16 August 2022 |access-date=19 August 2022 |publisher=The Jerusalem Post}}</ref><ref name="CARRebels">{{Cite web |last=Obaji Jr. |first=Philip |date=24 March 2022 |title=Insiders Warn Notorious Foreign Rebels to Fight With Russia in Ukraine |url=https://www.thedailybeast.com/central-african-republic-officials-warn-notorious-union-for-peace-rebels-to-join-putins-war-in-ukraine |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220819222844/https://www.thedailybeast.com/central-african-republic-officials-warn-notorious-union-for-peace-rebels-to-join-putins-war-in-ukraine |archive-date=19 August 2022 |access-date=19 August 2022 |publisher=The Daily Beast}}</ref> An ruwaito cewa mayakan sun hada da wadanda ke goyon bayan [[Siriya|Gwamnatin Siriya]], [[:en:Union_for_Peace_in_the_Central_African_Republic|Kungiyar Zaman Lafiya ta Afirka ta Tsakiya,]] da kuma Sojojin Libya masu goyon bayan [[Khalifa Haftar]]. <ref name="CARRebels" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Waters |first=Gregory |date=16 March 2022 |title=Will Russia deploy Syrian fighters to Ukraine? |url=https://www.mei.edu/publications/will-russia-deploy-syrian-fighters-ukraine |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220920140835/https://www.mei.edu/publications/will-russia-deploy-syrian-fighters-ukraine |archive-date=20 September 2022 |access-date=19 August 2022 |publisher=Middle East Institute}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=21 March 2022 |title=Ukraine says Libya's Haftar is sending fighters to support Russia |url=https://africatimes.com/2022/03/21/ukraine-says-libyas-haftar-is-sending-fighters-to-support-russia/ |access-date=19 August 2022 |publisher=Africa Times}}</ref> Sojojin Libya sun musanta cewa duk wani ma'aikatansu dake yaƙi da Rasha a Ukraine.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Assad |first=Abdulkader |date=24 March 2022 |title=Haftar forces' spokesman denies sending Libyan mercenaries to fight alongside Russia |url=https://libyaalahrar.net/haftar-forces-spokesman-denies-sending-libyan-mercenaries-to-fight-alongside-russia/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220819222838/https://libyaalahrar.net/haftar-forces-spokesman-denies-sending-libyan-mercenaries-to-fight-alongside-russia/ |archive-date=19 August 2022 |access-date=19 August 2022 |publisher=Libya Alahrar}}</ref> Itama ma kungiyar [[Hezbollah]] dake kasar [[:en:Lebanon|Labanon]] ta musanta aikawa da mayaka zuwa Rasha domin yakar Ukraine bayan Janar Janar na Sojojin Ukraine sun zargi wasu daga cikin mambobin su da kasancewa daga cikin 'yan kwangila 1,000 na Siriya da ake zargi da hayar su don yin yaƙi a Ukraine.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Haboush |first=Joseph |date=18 March 2022 |title=Hezbollah denies sending fighters to Ukraine in support of Russian invasion |url=https://english.alarabiya.net/News/middle-east/2022/03/18/Hezbollah-denies-sending-fighters-to-Ukraine-in-support-of-Russian-invasion |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220328200035/https://english.alarabiya.net/News/middle-east/2022/03/18/Hezbollah-denies-sending-fighters-to-Ukraine-in-support-of-Russian-invasion |archive-date=28 March 2022 |access-date=19 August 2022 |publisher=Alarabiya News}}</ref> Kafofin yada labarai na Turkiyya da 'yar jarida Vera Mironova sun yi zargin cewa mambobin [[:en:Kurdistan_Workers'_Party|Jam'iyyar Ma'aikatan Kurdistan]] da [[:en:People's_Defense_Units|Rukunin Tsaro na Jama'a]] (duka suna da alaƙa da [[:en:Kurdistan_Communities_Union|Kungiyar Al'ummomin Kurdistan]]) suna fada a matsayin ma'aikata ga sojojin Rasha.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=19 March 2022 |title=YPG/PKK terror group reportedly fighting alongside Russia in Ukraine |url=https://www.trtworld.com/europe/ypg-pkk-terror-group-reportedly-fighting-alongside-russia-in-ukraine-55642 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220819231504/https://www.trtworld.com/europe/ypg-pkk-terror-group-reportedly-fighting-alongside-russia-in-ukraine-55642 |archive-date=19 August 2022 |access-date=19 August 2022 |publisher=TRT World}}</ref> A ranar 4 ga Oktoba, [[:en:Syrian_Observatory_for_Human_Rights|Cibiyar Kula da 'Yancin Dan Adam ta Siriya]] ta ba da rahoton cewa an kashe sojoji 5 na Sojojin Larabawa na [[:en:25th_Special_Mission_Forces_Division|25th Special Mission Forces Division]] suna fada don Rasha a lokacin yakin kudancin Ukraine na shekarar 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 October 2022 |title=Russia-Ukraine war {{!}} Five Syrian fighters of Special Task Forces of 25th Division killed on Kherson front |url=https://www.syriahr.com/en/270217/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221006004040/https://www.syriahr.com/en/270217/ |archive-date=6 October 2022 |access-date=4 October 2022 |website=Syrian Observatory for Human Rights}}</ref> A watan Janairun 2023, [[:en:Syrian_Observatory_for_Human_Rights|Cibiyar Kula da 'Yancin Dan Adam ta Siriya]] ta ba da rahoton cewa an tura sojoji kasa da 2000 na [[:en:Syrian_Arab_Army|Sojojin Larabawa na Siriya]], musamman [[:en:25th_Special_Mission_Forces_Division|25th Special Mission Forces Division]], don yin yaƙi a madadin Rasha a Ukraine. SOHR ta sami takarda da ake zargi daga [[Siriya|Gwamnatin Siriya,]] inda ta bayyana kasafin kudin Sojojin Siriya da albashin da ke shafar sojojin Siriya a Ukraine.<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 January 2022 |title=Russian-Ukraine war {{!}} Confidential document, obtained by SOHR, confirming 25th Division participation in special task alongside Russia |url=https://www.syriahr.com/en/285134/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230118112537/https://www.syriahr.com/en/285134/ |archive-date=18 January 2023 |access-date=18 January 2022 |website=Syrian Observatory for Human Rights}}</ref> Wannan rahoto ya yadu matuka a watan Oktoba 2022 cewa kungiyar Wagner ta yi ƙoƙari ta dauki tsoffin mambobin rundunar [[:en:Afghan_National_Army_Commando_Corps|sojin Afghanistan da Amurka]] ta horar wanda ta ɓace bayan da [[Tashin Hankalin Taliban|Taliban]] ta karbe ikon shugabancin kasar  a watan Agusta 2021. A watan Yunin 2024, Bloomberg ya ba da rahoton cewa Rasha tana tsare da tilasta wa 'yan Afirka a kan biza na aiki su yanke shawara tsakanin korarsu ko fada a yakin. <ref name="c816">{{Cite web |last=Nardelli |first=Alberto |last2=Wickham |first2=Alex |last3=Verbianyi |first3=Volodymyr |date=9 June 2024 |title=Russia Is Sending Young Africans to Die in Its War Against Ukraine |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-06-09/russia-ukraine-war-africans-forced-to-fight-and-die-for-the-kremlin?embedded-checkout=true |access-date=24 July 2024 |website=Bloomberg.com}}</ref> ===== Afirka ta Kudu ===== A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2025, The Guardian ta ruwaito cewa Afirka ta Kudu ta kaddamar da bincike kan 'yan Afirka ta Kudu 17 da ke Donbas, gabashin Ukraine. Ofishin shugaban Afirka ta Kudu, [[Cyril Ramaphosa]], ya ce ya karbi kiran gaggawa daga mutane, maza masu shekaru tsakanin 20 zuwa 39, waɗanda aka "yaudare su shiga rundunar sojin haya da ke cikin yakin Ukraine da Rasha a ƙarƙashin alkawarin aiki mai kyau". Koda yake ba a bayyana wane bangare suke fada ba, kasancewarsu a yankin da Rasha ta fi mamayewa, da kuma ambaton cewa alkawuran kudi sun ja hankalin su da karfi ya nuna cewa Rasha ce ta dauke su aiki.<ref name="i918">{{Cite web |last=Hawkins |first=Amy |last2=Sauer |first2=Pjotr |date=6 November 2025 |title=South Africa launches investigation into 17 citizens fighting in Ukraine |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2025/nov/06/south-africa-investigation-citizens-fighting-ukraine-russia-war-mercenaries |access-date=10 November 2025 |website=The Guardian}}</ref> An kama mutane takwas da ake zargi da hannu wajen yaudarar matasan zuwa Rasha da shiga sojojin haya, ciki har da wani dan majalisa mai suna [[:en:Duduzile_Zuma-Sambudla|Duduzile Zuma-Sambudla]] da mai gabatar da shirin radiyo na [[:en:SAfm|SAfm]] Nonkululeko Mantula, yayin da ita kuma Zuma-sambudla ta yi murabus daga majalisa saboda zargin. ===== Kenya ===== A watan Nuwambar shekarar 2025, kasar [[Kenya]] ta ce sama da ‘yan kasar ta 200 ne suke taya Rasha yaki a Ukraine. Ma’aikatar harkokin wajen Kenya tace masu yaudarar matasa shiga sojojin hayar Rasha na cigaba da yaudarar matasan Kenya shiga yakin, sannan an sami nasarar ceto wasu a kusa da [[Nairobi]] yayin da ake shirin fitar dasu zuwa Rasha, bayan da aka yaudare su da batun aiki mai kyau ba shiga aikin soja ba.<ref name="v635">{{Cite web |date=12 November 2025 |title=Kenya says over 200 of its nationals are fighting for Russia in Ukraine war |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/kenya-says-over-200-its-nationals-are-fighting-russia-ukraine-war-2025-11-12/ |access-date=13 November 2025 |website=Reuters}}</ref> Ya zuwa watan Fabrairun shekarar 2026, hukumar leken asiri ta kasar Kenya [[:en:National_Intelligence_Service_(Kenya)|Kenyan National Intelligence Service]] ta rawaito cewa yawan ‘yan Kenya da aka yaudara suka tafi Rasha kuma a tura fagen yaki sun kai 1000.<ref name="l333">{{Cite web |date=19 February 2026 |title=Intelligence report says 1,000 Kenyans were recruited to fight for Russia in Ukraine |url=https://apnews.com/article/kenya-russia-ukraine-army-recruits-82c48fb68edf130dc080385b0d3d5887 |access-date=19 February 2026 |website=AP News}}</ref> A ranar 16 ga watan Maris 2026, ministan harkokin wajen Kenya [[:en:Musalia_Mudavadi|Musalia Mudavadi]] syace Rasha tayi alkawarin daina daukar ‘yan Kenya a matsayin sojojin haya ko shiga soji, hakan ya faru ne bayan tattaunawa da fahimtar juna da sukayi da ministan harkokin wajen Rasha [[:en:Sergei_Lavrov|Sergei Lavrov]]. A cewar ministan na Kenya Mudavadi, sama da kamfanoni 600 ne gwamnatin kasar ta rufe saboda zargin yaudara da kuma tura yan kasar zuwa Rasha. Sai dai gidan jaridar ''[[Africanews]]'', tace babu tabbacin yawan ‘yan Kenya da suka rasa ransu yayin taya Rasha yaki, haka zalika ‘yan uwan wadanda suka tafi Rasha suna cigaba da neman bahasi daga hukumomin Rasha kan ko yan uwansu na raye sannan a wanne hali suke.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 March 2026 |title=Kenya says Russia will stop recruiting its citizens to fight in Ukraine |url=https://www.africanews.com/amp/2026/03/16/kenya-says-russia-will-stop-recruiting-its-citizens-to-fight-in-ukraine/ |access-date=16 March 2026 |website=Africanews}}</ref> A watan Janairun shekarar 2026, bidiyo ya yadu a kafafen sada zumunta sosai wanda nuna sojojin haya daga Afirka tare da sojojin Rasha. A daya daga cikin bidiyon, an zargi Rasha da ɗaure nakiya a kirjin wani sojin haya daga Afirka, tare nuna masa bindiga domin tilasta shi fita fagen daga, sannan a bidiyon anji sojin Rasha na kalaman wariyar launin fata suna kuma fadawa sojan hayar cewa ana amfani da shi a matsayin "mai buɗewa". Wani bidiyon da aka wallafa ya nuna wani rukunin sojin haya daga Afirka a cikin gandun daji suna raira waƙa a cikin yarensu, yayin da sojan Rasha da ke daukar bidiyon din ya yi musu dariya kuma ya ce "dubi wadannan abubuwan sharar" kuma “za su raira waƙa daban-daban" lokacin da aka tura su fagen daga.<ref name="x337">{{Cite web |last=Farmer |first=Ben |date=12 January 2026 |title=Russia forces African recruits to become suicide bombers |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/world-news/2026/01/12/russia-using-africans-cannon-fodder-ukraine/?WT.mc_id=tmgoff_reddit_using-africans-cannon-fodder-ukraine/ |access-date=12 January 2026 |website=The Telegraph}}</ref><ref name="t373">{{Cite web |last=Gulayeva |first=Olena |date=12 January 2026 |title=Russian assault troops dance and sing African songs before battle: "Look how many disposable ones there are. Joyful. Now they'll go to bay and sing differently". VIDEO |url=https://censor.net/en/videonews/3594974/african-mercenaries-in-the-russian-army-video-before-the-attack |access-date=12 January 2026 |website=Censor.NET}}</ref> bk9hm7ni2rtd6yjmgd9yi2b2xtejkrk 0 161031 878653 2026-07-07T19:28:33Z Saad Nuhu 43323 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox person | honorific_prefix = [[Chieftain|Chief]] | name = Festus Okotie Eboh | honorific_suffix = | image = Aankomst Nigeriaanse minister van Financien Okili Ebon op Schiphol Okili Ebon, Bestanddeelnr 915-6387.jpg | image_size = | alt = | caption = Okotie-Eboh in 1963 | office1 = [[Finance Minister of Nigeria|Minister of Finance]] | prime_minister1 = [[Abubakar Tafawa Balewa]] | term_start1 = 1957 | te... 878653 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | honorific_prefix = [[Chieftain|Chief]] | name = Festus Okotie Eboh | honorific_suffix = | image = Aankomst Nigeriaanse minister van Financien Okili Ebon op Schiphol Okili Ebon, Bestanddeelnr 915-6387.jpg | image_size = | alt = | caption = Okotie-Eboh in 1963 | office1 = [[Finance Minister of Nigeria|Minister of Finance]] | prime_minister1 = [[Abubakar Tafawa Balewa]] | term_start1 = 1957 | term_end1 = 15 January 1966 | predecessor1 = ''Position established'' | successor1 = [[Obafemi Awolowo]] | office2 = Minister of Labour and Social Welfare | prime_minister2 = Abubakar Tafawa Balewa | term_start2 = 1955 | term_end2 = 1957 | predecessor2 = ''Position established'' | successor2 = ''Position abolished'' | birth_name = Festus Samuel Eboh | birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1912|07|18}} | birth_place = [[Warri]], [[Southern Nigeria Protectorate]] | death_date = {{death date and age|df=y|1966|01|15|1912|07|18}} | death_place = | party = [[National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroons]] | occupation = Politician | children = 9, including [[Ajoritsedere Awosika]] (daughter) | relatives = {{plainlist| * [[Oladipo Jadesimi]] (son-in-law) * [[Amy Jadesimi]] (granddaughter)}} }} '''Cif Festus Okotie-Eboh''' (18 ga Yulin 1912 – 15 ga Janairun 1966) ɗan siyasar [[Najeriya]] ne wanda ya riƙe muƙamin [[Ministan Kuɗi na Tarayyar Najeriya]] daga shekarar 1957 zuwa 1966 a gwamnatin Sir [[Abubakar Tafawa Balewa]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-01-13 |title=Chief Festus Sam Okotie-Eboh, the colossus lives on |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2022/01/chief-festus-sam-okotie-eboh-the-colossus-lives-on/ |location=Lagos, Nigeria |access-date=2022-03-03 |newspaper=Vanguard |language=en-US}}</ref> An haifi Okotie-Eboh ga wani basarake na kabilar [[Itsekiri]], Yarima Okotie Eboh, a garin Warri da ke bakin [[Kogin Benin]] a yankin [[Niger Delta]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Larson|first=Sylvia B.|title=Evans, George (1797-1867), lawyer, politician, and businessman|date=February 2000|publisher=Oxford University Press|series=American National Biography Online|doi=10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0400350}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Okotie- Eboh: In time and history|url=https://guardian.ng/art/okotie-eboh-in-time-and-history/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|date=2016-04-10|newspaper=The Guardian|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-26}}</ref> Ya kasance Ma’aji na Jam'iyyar [[National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroons]] (NCNC) a lokacin [[Jamhuriyar Farko ta Najeriya]]. Haka kuma ya shugabanci Ƙungiyar ’Yan Majalisar Tarayya ta NCNC bayan maye gurbin [[K.O. Mbadiwe]].<ref>{{cite book |title=Nigerian Political Parties: Power in an Emergent African Nation|last=Sklar |first=Richard |year=2004|publisher=Africa World Press Press|page=227 |isbn=9781592212095|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Oi0aVR4YkmUC&q=okotie+eboh+treasurer&pg=PA227}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da harkokin kasuwanci == An haifi Okotie-Eboh da suna '''Festus Samuel Edah''' a yankin Benin River da ke tsohuwar Warri Division.<ref>{{cite book |last=Ekeh|first=Peter |title=History of the Urhobo People of Niger Delta|year=2005 |publisher=Urhobo Historical Society |page=292}}</ref> Daga shekarar 1932 zuwa 1936 ya yi karatu a Makarantar Baptist ta Sapele.<ref>{{cite book |title=Historical Dictionary of Nigeria|year=2009|last=Falola |first=Toyin |publisher=Scarecrow Press|page=284 |url=https://archive.org/details/historicaldictio0000falo}}</ref> Bayan kammala karatunsa, ya yi aiki na ɗan lokaci a Ofishin Gundumar Yanki kafin ya koma tsohuwar makarantar sa a matsayin malami.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Eguoritse|first=O|title=Feathers for a great Nigerian statesman: being a short biographical portrait of Chief, the Hon. F.S. Okotie-Eboh|date=1959|publisher=Twentieth Century Press|location=Apapa|language=en|oclc=16667560}}</ref> A shekarar 1937 ya samu aiki a kamfanin [[Bata (company)|Bata Shoe Company]] a matsayin magatakardan lissafi.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Eguoritse|first=O|title=Feathers for a great Nigerian statesman: being a short biographical portrait of Chief, the Hon. F.S. Okotie-Eboh|date=1959|publisher=Twentieth Century Press|location=Apapa|language=en|oclc=16667560}}</ref> Yayin da yake aiki a matsayin magatakarda, ya ci gaba da karatun kula da littattafan kuɗi da lissafi. A shekarar 1944 kamfanin Bata ya mayar da shi [[Legas]] inda ya zama Babban Magatakarda kuma Akanta na Yankin Yammacin Afirka. Bayan shekara guda ya koma [[Sapele, Delta|Sapele]] a matsayin Mataimakin Manajan reshen kamfanin. A shekarar 1947 an tura shi [[Prague]], a ƙasar Czechoslovakia, domin ƙarin horo inda ya samu difloma a fannin gudanar da harkokin kasuwanci da kula da ƙafafu (chiropody). Daga baya ya bar Bata ya kafa nasa kasuwancin katako da roba.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Eguoritse|first=O|title=Feathers for a great Nigerian statesman: being a short biographical portrait of Chief, the Hon. F.S. Okotie-Eboh|date=1959|publisher=Twentieth Century Press|location=Apapa|language=en|oclc=16667560}}</ref> Ya shiga harkar fitar da [[roba]] zuwa ƙasashen waje ta hanyar kamfaninsa mai suna ''Afro-Nigerian Export and Import Company'', wanda ke fitar da robar ''ribbed smoked sheet'' zuwa Turai da Arewacin Amurka.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Eguoritse|first=O|title=Feathers for a great Nigerian statesman: being a short biographical portrait of Chief, the Hon. F.S. Okotie-Eboh|date=1959|publisher=Twentieth Century Press|location=Apapa|language=en|oclc=16667560}}</ref> A shekarar 1958 ya buɗe masana'antar sarrafa roba, sannan a shekarar 1963 ya kafa masana'antar takalma ta ''Omimi Rubber and Canvas Shoe Factory''. Har ila yau, tare da wasu abokan hulɗarsa na ƙasashen waje guda biyu, Dizengoff da Coutinho Caro, sun kafa kamfanoni da suka haɗa da ''Mid-West Cement Company'' a [[Koko, Delta|Koko]] da kuma ''Unameji Cabinet Works''.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-06-10 |title=About Us – HistoryVille |url=https://www.thehistoryville.com/about-historyville/ |access-date=2026-06-13 |language=en}}</ref> A shekarar 1942 Okotie-Eboh ya yi aure, kuma tare da matarsa suka kafa jerin makarantu a [[Sapele, Delta|Sapele]]. Makarantar farko ita ce ''Sapele Boys Academy'', sannan suka kafa ''Zik's College of Commerce''. A shekarar 1953 ya kafa ''Sapele Academy Secondary School''. A shekarun 1940 da 1950 ya kasance memba a kwamitocin Warri Ports Advisory Committee, Sapele Township Advisory Board da kuma Sapele Town Planning Authority.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Eguoritse|first=O|title=Feathers for a great Nigerian statesman: being a short biographical portrait of Chief, the Hon. F.S. Okotie-Eboh|date=1959|publisher=Twentieth Century Press|location=Apapa|language=en|oclc=16667560}}</ref> == Aikin siyasa == A shekarar 1951, bayan samun goyon baya daga [[Nnamdi Azikiwe|Azikiwe]], ya tsaya takarar kujerar majalisa kuma aka zaɓe shi zuwa Majalisar Yankin Yamma.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Accord Concondiale: The continuous search for Nigeria's elusive unity (10)|url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/accord-concondiale-the-continuous-search-for-nigerias-elusive-unity-10/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|date=2017-08-16|newspaper=The Sun|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-26}}</ref> A shekarar 1954 aka zaɓe shi a matsayin ma’aji na jam’iyyar NCNC, sannan ya samu nasarar wakiltar yankin Warri a Majalisar Wakilai ta Tarayya.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2013-01-25|title=Immortalizing Okotie-Eboh|url=https://thepointernewsonline.com/?p=16348|access-date=2020-06-05|website=The Pointer News Online|language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Janairun 1955 aka naɗa shi Ministan Kwadago da Jin Daɗin Jama'a na Tarayya, sannan bayan shekaru biyu aka naɗa shi Ministan Kuɗi na Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Okotie- Eboh: In time and history|url=https://guardian.ng/art/okotie-eboh-in-time-and-history/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|date=2016-04-10|newspaper=The Guardian|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-26}}</ref> == Rayuwar sirri == Okotie-Eboh ya auri wata mace 'yar kabilar Itsekiri mai suna Victoria a shekarar 1942. Daya daga cikin ’ya’yansa mata, Alero, ta auri [[Oladipo Jadesimi]].<ref>{{Cite news|date=2019-09-21|title=Oil tycoon Oladipo Jadesimi's daughter, Emma, takes to dancing in London|url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/oil-tycoon-oladipo-jadesimis-daughter-emma-takes-to-dancing-in-london/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2020-06-04|newspaper=The Sun|language=en-US}}</ref> Ƙaramar ’yarsa, [[Ajoritsedere Awosika]], tsohuwar ma’aikaciyar gwamnati ce. An kuma ce ya auri wata mace ’yar Itsekiri mai suna Irene Dorti. == Mutuwa == An kashe Okotie-Eboh tare da Firaministan Najeriya [[Abubakar Tafawa Balewa]] a lokacin [[Juyin mulkin Najeriya na 1966]] da ya faru a ranar 15 ga Janairun 1966, wanda ya kawo ƙarshen [[Jamhuriyar Farko ta Najeriya]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://countrystudies.us/nigeria/70.htm|title=Nigeria - the 1966 Coups, Civil War, and Gowon's Government}}</ref> Kwana biyu kafin mutuwarsa, Okotie-Eboh ya gana da [[Lee Kuan Yew]]. A wani jawabi da Lee ya gabatar a shekarar 1993, ya bayyana cewa kafin rasuwarsa, Okotie-Eboh yana da shirin barin gwamnati domin mayar da hankali kan kafa masana'antar takalma.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Lee |first1=Kuan Yew |title=SPEECH BY MR LEE KUAN YEW, SENIOR MINISTER, FOR AFRICA LEADERSHIP FORUM AT THE REGENT HOTEL ON MONDAY, 8 NOVEMBER 1993 |url=https://www.nas.gov.sg/archivesonline/speeches/record-details/7429141f-115d-11e3-83d5-0050568939ad |access-date=11 July 2024}}</ref> == Karin karatu == * Rosalynde Ainslie, Catherine Hoskyns, [[Ronald Segal]]; ''Political Africa: A Who's Who of Personalities and Parties''. Frederick A. Praeger, 1961. * [[Ryszard Kapuściński]], ''Anatomy of a Coup d'Etat'', babi a cikin ''[[The Shadow of the Sun]]'' (1998). == Manazarta == 9y5n521z11zrcas7qoo0gc6xh0xzk80 0 161032 878654 2026-07-07T19:38:07Z Saad Nuhu 43323 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox person |name = Festus Olabode Ola |image = |office1 = Senator for Ekiti Central |term_start1 = 30 June 2009 |term_end1 = May 2011 |predecessor1 = [[Clement Awoyelu]] |successor1 = [[Babafemi Ojudu]] |birth_date = {{birth date and age|1956|11|12|df=y}} |birth_place = [[Ekiti State]], [[Nigeria]] |death_date = |party = }} '''Festus Olabode Ola''' (an haife shi a ranar 12 ga Nuwamba 1956) ɗan siyasan Najeriya ne wanda aka zaɓa a... 878654 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person |name = Festus Olabode Ola |image = |office1 = Senator for Ekiti Central |term_start1 = 30 June 2009 |term_end1 = May 2011 |predecessor1 = [[Clement Awoyelu]] |successor1 = [[Babafemi Ojudu]] |birth_date = {{birth date and age|1956|11|12|df=y}} |birth_place = [[Ekiti State]], [[Nigeria]] |death_date = |party = }} '''Festus Olabode Ola''' (an haife shi a ranar 12 ga Nuwamba 1956) ɗan siyasan Najeriya ne wanda aka zaɓa a matsayin Sanata mai wakiltar mazabar [[Ekiti ta Tsakiya]] a [[Jihar Ekiti]], [[Najeriya]]. Ya fara aiki a matsayin sanata a ranar 30 ga Yunin 2009. Mamba ne na jam'iyyar [[Action Congress]] (AC).<ref name="nassnig">{{cite web|url=http://www.nassnig.org/senate/member.php?senator=137&page=1&state=15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303170453/http://www.nassnig.org/senate/member.php?senator=137&page=1&state=15|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 March 2016|publisher=National Assembly of Nigeria|title=Sen. Festus Olabode Ola|access-date=6 June 2010}}</ref> Ola ya samu takardar shaidar '''Higher National Diploma (HND)''' a fannin Kula da Kuɗi (Accountancy) a shekarar 1982.<ref name="nassnig" /> Daga shekarar 1983 zuwa 2004 ya yi aiki a Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Najeriya (Foreign Service).<ref name="nassnig" /> A zaɓen shekarar 2007, an bayyana [[Adefemi Kila]] na jam'iyyar [[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|People's Democratic Party]] (PDP) a matsayin wanda ya lashe kujerar Sanatan Ekiti ta Tsakiya. Sai dai a ranar 30 ga Yunin 2009, Kotun Ɗaukaka Ƙara ta soke nasarar zaɓen Kila tare da ayyana Bode Ola a matsayin halastaccen wanda ya lashe zaɓen da aka gudanar a watan Afrilun 2007.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://thenewsng.com/nation/justice-for-ac-man/2009/07|title=Justice For AC Man|date=6 July 2009|publisher=Independent Communications Network|access-date=19 September 2009|archive-date=14 September 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090914233708/http://thenewsng.com/nation/justice-for-ac-man/2009/07|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ɗaya daga cikin muhimman dalilan hukuncin kotun shi ne cewa ƙuri'u kusan 19,000 da aka kaɗa wa Cif Adefemi Kila suna ɗauke da lambar jeri (serial number) iri ɗaya, lamarin da kotun ta ɗauka a matsayin wata babbar matsala a tsarin zaɓen.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://thenewsng.com/nation/justice-for-ac-man/2009/07|title=Justice For AC Man|date=6 July 2009|publisher=Independent Communications Network|access-date=19 September 2009|archive-date=14 September 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090914233708/http://thenewsng.com/nation/justice-for-ac-man/2009/07|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Manazarta == h0mp1jg1uhksem3a3vdqoca3ax36rcj 0 161033 878659 2026-07-07T19:55:56Z Saad Nuhu 43323 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox person | name = Festus Bikepre Igbeyinadun Porbeni | honorific_prefix = Rear Admiral (retired) | office = Minister of Transport | term_start = 1998 | term_end = 1999 | president = Abdulsalami Abubakar | party = | profession = Naval officer, diplomat, politician }} '''Festus Bikepre Igbeyinadun Porbeni''', CFR tsohon jami'in rundunar ruwa ne na [[Najeriya]], ɗan siyasa kuma jami'in gudanar da harkokin wasann... 878659 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Festus Bikepre Igbeyinadun Porbeni | honorific_prefix = Rear Admiral (retired) | office = Minister of Transport | term_start = 1998 | term_end = 1999 | president = Abdulsalami Abubakar | party = | profession = Naval officer, diplomat, politician }} '''Festus Bikepre Igbeyinadun Porbeni''', CFR tsohon jami'in rundunar ruwa ne na [[Najeriya]], ɗan siyasa kuma jami'in gudanar da harkokin wasanni.<ref name=":0">{{cite web |title=PORBENI, Rear Admiral Festus Bikepre Igbeyinadun |url=https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/porbeni-rear-admiral-festus-bikepre-igbeyinadun/ |website=Biographical Legacy and Research Foundation |access-date=26 December 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Chukwu |first=Ignatius |date=2025-06-08 |title=Festus Porbeni, retired admiral, alerts IG to alleged use of armed men to breach court order in Lekki |url=https://businessday.ng/news/article/festus-porbeni-retired-admiral-alerts-ig-to-alleged-use-of-armed-men-to-breach-court-order-in-lekki/ |location=Lagos, Nigeria |access-date=2025-12-26 |newspaper=BusinessDay |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=DailyTrend |date=2025-06-13 |title=Ex-Transport Minister, Porbeni Makes Case for Development of Diving Sector, Training Institutions |url=https://dailytrend.com.ng/2025/06/13/ex-transport-minister-porbeni-makes-case-for-divers-training-institutions/ |access-date=2025-12-26 |website=First with the news |language=en-US}}</ref> == Asali da rayuwar sirri == An haifi Porbeni a watan Mayun shekarar 1946 a [[Abari]], [[Jihar Delta]], [[Najeriya]].<ref name=":1">{{cite web |title=MARITIME LIVING LEGEND OF THE WEEK: Admiral Festus Porbeni (Rtd) |url=https://shippingworld-ng.com/index.php/2019/07/29/maritime-living-legend-of-the-week-admiral-festus-porbeni-rtd-mni-cfr/ |access-date=26 December 2025}}</ref> Ya auri Gladys Dubling-Green a shekarar 1974, kuma sun haifi ’ya’ya huɗu, maza biyu da mata biyu. Gladys Dubling-Green ta rasu daga baya.<ref name=":0" /> == Ilimi == Festus Porbeni ya yi karatunsa na firamare a '''Ereko Methodist Primary School''' daga shekarar 1951 zuwa 1959. Daga baya ya halarci '''Hussy College''', [[Warri]], tsakanin shekarun 1963 zuwa 1964, sannan ya ci gaba da karatu a '''Government College, Ughelli''' daga shekarar 1965 zuwa 1966. A shekarar 1967 ya shiga aikin [[Rundunar Ruwan Najeriya]] kuma ya kammala karatu a [[Nigerian Defence Academy]], [[Kaduna]], inda aka bayyana shi a matsayin mafi ƙwarewa a darussan aikin soja a rukunin ''3rd Regular Course''. A shekarar 1970 ya halarci kwas ɗin horar da mataimakan jami'an fasaha a Venderthy Cochia da ke [[Indiya]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Nigeria @ 60: What Biafra, Oduduwa, Niger Delta, Other Agitators Must Do – Porbeni |url=https://kristinareports.net/nigeria-60-what-biafra-oduduwa-niger-delta-other-agitators-must-do-porbeni/ |access-date=26 December 2025}}</ref> A shekarar 1972 ya kammala horon nutsewa cikin zurfin teku (Deep Sea Diving Course) a [[Port Harcourt]], sannan ya yi kwas a makarantar koyar da harkokin jirgin ruwa ta rundunar ruwan Birtaniya a [[Portsmouth]], [[Ingila]], a shekarar 1973. Ya kuma kammala kwas na ƙwarewa a fannin zirga-zirgar jiragen ruwa (Navigation Specialist Course) a Indiya a shekarar 1975. Daga shekarar 1979 zuwa 1980 ya yi karatu a [[Armed Forces Command and Staff College, Jaji|Command and Staff College, Jaji]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Rapheal |date=2021-05-28 |title=Gam-Dede, Odogbili brave the sea to produce Festus Porbeni's biopic |url=https://thesun.ng/gam-dede-odogbili-brave-the-sea-to-produce-festus-porbenis-biopic/ |location=Lagos, Nigeria |access-date=2025-12-26 |newspaper=The Sun |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Rapheal |date=2021-06-19 |title=Admiral Festus Porbeni: How I convinced Babangida to secure |url=https://thesun.ng/admiral-festus-porbeni-how-i-convinced-babangida-to-secure-mandelas-release/ |location=Lagos, Nigeria |access-date=2025-12-26 |newspaper=The Sun |language=en}}</ref> == Aiki == === Aikin rundunar ruwa === A shekarar 1971 an naɗa shi Babban Mataimakin Jami'i (Executive Officer) na '''NNS Enugu'''. A shekarar 1974 ya zama Kwamandan '''NNS Argungu''', sannan a shekarar 1976 aka tura shi a matsayin jami'in farko mai kula da '''Naval Training School, Port Harcourt'''.<ref name=":0" /> A shekarar 1977 ya zama jami'in kula da zirga-zirgar jirgin ruwa da kuma First Lieutenant. A shekarar 1978 ya yi aiki a '''NNS Obuma''' sannan ya zama Kwamandan '''NNS Ruwan Yaro'''. A wannan shekarar ne kuma aka naɗa shi Executive Officer na '''NNS Akaso'''. A shekarar 1979 ya zama jami'in kula da ayyukan rundunar jiragen ruwa (Flotilla Operations Officer).<ref name=":0" /> A shekarar 1980 ya zama Kwamandan farko na '''Naval College Onne''' da ke Port Harcourt. A wannan shekarar ne aka ɗaga matsayinsa zuwa hedikwatar rundunar ruwa a matsayin Daraktan Ayyukan Rundunar Ruwa. Zuwa shekarar 1982 ya zama Staff Officer I kuma Daraktan Horaswa da Ma'aikata a Hedikwatar Tsaro ta Najeriya da ke Legas. Haka kuma ya taɓa zama shugaban '''Nigerian Naval College''' da kuma Daraktan Bincike da Nazari a '''Nigerian War College'''.<ref name=":0" /> === Aikin diflomasiyya da siyasa === Porbeni ya kasance jami'in tsaro na farko na Najeriya a [[Malabo]], [[Equatorial Guinea]]. Daga baya ya zama jakadan Najeriya mai zama a Equatorial Guinea tare da samun izinin wakiltar Najeriya a [[Kamaru]], [[Gabon]] da [[São Tomé da Príncipe]] daga shekarar 1982 zuwa 1988.<ref>{{cite web |title=Mutual 2018 Annual Report & Accounts |url=https://www.mutualng.com/assets/docs/plc-investors/2018/2018_ANNUAL_REPORT_FOR_MUTUAL_BENEFITS_ASSURANCE_PLC_JULY_19TH_2019.pdf |access-date=26 December 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Chukwu |first=Ignatius |date=2025-02-19 |title=Festus Porbeni, a retired rear admiral, recalls Edwin Clark's strong character and patriotism |url=https://businessday.ng/news/article/festus-porbeni-a-retired-rear-admiral-recalls-edwin-clarks-strong-character-and-patriotism/ |location=Lagos, Nigeria |access-date=2025-12-26 |newspaper=BusinessDay |language=en-US}}</ref> An naɗa shi [[Ministan Sufuri na Najeriya]] a gwamnatin riƙon ƙwarya ta Janar [[Abdulsalami Abubakar]], inda ya yi aiki daga shekarar 1998 har zuwa komawar Najeriya mulkin farar hula a shekarar 1999.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite news |last=Ogunseyin |first=Oluyemi |date=2024-11-23 |title=Vacate Porbeni's Lekki property, court orders LASG again |url=https://guardian.ng/news/vacate-porbenis-lekki-property-court-orders-lasg-again/ |location=Lagos, Nigeria |access-date=2025-12-26 |newspaper=The Guardian |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Chukwu |first=Ignatius |date=2023-06-20 |title=Ex-transport minister, Festus Porbeni, makes call for more funding of FG Colleges |url=https://businessday.ng/news/article/ex-transport-minister-festus-porbeni-makes-call-for-more-funding-of-fg-colleges/ |location=Lagos, Nigeria |access-date=2025-12-26 |newspaper=BusinessDay |language=en-US}}</ref> === Gudanar da harkokin wasanni === Porbeni ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a harkokin wasanni, musamman a fannin kwale-kwale da tuƙin jiragen ruwa. Ya kasance Shugaban [[Nigeria Rowing, Canoe and Sailing Federation]] (NRCSF).<ref>{{Cite news |last=Usman |first=Salifu |title=I Have Succession Plan For Nigeria Rowing, Canoe and Sailing Federation – Porbeni |url=https://leadership.ng/i-have-succession-plan-for-nigeria-rowing-canoe-and-sailing-federation-porbeni/ |newspaper=Leadership}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ochicha |first=Lovette |date=2025-04-29 |title=Making Waves: How Rear Admiral Festus Porbeni is Steering Nigeria's Rise in Global Rowing and Canoeing |url=https://www.sports247.ng/making-waves-how-rear-admiral-festus-porbeni-is-steering-nigerias-rise-in-global-rowing-and-canoeing/ |access-date=2025-12-26 |website=Sports247 Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Asaba |first=Okungbowa Aiwerie |date=2023-01-08 |title=FESTUS PORBENI: I want to popularize kayaking in Nigeria |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/festus-porbeni-i-want-to-popularize-kayaking-in-nigeria/ |location=Lagos, Nigeria |access-date=2025-12-26 |newspaper=The Nation |language=en-US}}</ref> Haka kuma ya riƙe muƙamin Mataimakin Shugaban '''Confederation of African Canoeing (CAC)'''.<ref name=":1" /> Ya kuma goyi bayan shirya manyan gasannin nahiyar Afirka na Canoe Sprint Championship.<ref>{{cite web |title=Porbeni, former Transport Minister, advocates development of diving sector to boost massive employment |url=https://theeyewitnessnews.com/2025/06/13/porbeni-former-transport-minister-advocates-development-of-diving-sector-for-massive-employment/ |access-date=26 December 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Nigeria will host befitting African Canoe Sprint Championship — Porbeni |url=https://sportingtribune.com/nigeria-willhost-befitting-african-canoe-sprint-championship-porbeni/ |access-date=26 December 2025}}</ref> === Sauran ayyuka === Bayan ritayarsa daga aikin soja, Porbeni ya shiga harkokin kasuwanci kuma ya riƙe mukamai daban-daban a kamfanoni masu zaman kansu, ciki har da kasancewa darakta mara zartarwa a kamfanin '''Mutual Benefits Assurance Plc'''. Haka kuma ya kasance Jakadan Girmamawa na ƙasar [[Romania]] a yankin [[Niger Delta]].<ref name=":1" /> == Lambobin yabo da karramawa == * Mamba na [[Nautical Institute]], London. * Lambar Yabon '''Forces Staff Medal''' ta Najeriya. * Lambar Yabon Soja ta Equatorial Guinea, Mataki na Biyu. * [[Commander of the Order of the Federal Republic]] (CFR). == Duba kuma == * [[Rundunar Ruwan Najeriya]] * [[National Institute for Policy and Strategic Studies]] == Manazarta == qvqokdnvvur5nfimqkopvdcyk4i3wlp 0 161034 878660 2026-07-07T20:02:08Z Saad Nuhu 43323 wallafa sabon shafi akan yar siyasa 878660 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Florence Olasumbo Oyeyemi | office = Commissioner for Finance and Planning, Kwara State | governor = AbdulRahman AbdulRazaq | party = All Progressives Congress | occupation = Politician }} '''Florence Olasumbo Oyeyemi''' ’yar siyasar Najeriya ce kuma ƙwararriyar jami’ar gudanar da harkokin gwamnati. Ta yi aiki a matsayin Kwamishiniyar Kuɗi da Tsare-tsare ta [[Jihar Kwara]], [[Najeriya]], a ƙarƙashin gwamnatin Gwamna [[AbdulRahman AbdulRazaq]]. Ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen gudanar da kuɗaɗen gwamnati da aiwatar da manufofin tattalin arziki a gwamnatin jihar.<ref>{{cite news |title=Two new female Commissioners sworn-in by Kwara govt |url=https://dailypost.ng/2021/09/07/two-new-female-commissioners-sworn-in-by-kwara-govt/ |location=Lagos, Nigeria |date=7 September 2021 |access-date=20 April 2026 |newspaper=Daily Post}}</ref><ref name="Independent2021">{{cite news |title=Kwara Ex-Commissioner Attributes Fiscal Achievements To Prudent Resource Management |url=https://independent.ng/kwara-ex-commissioner-attributes-fiscal-achievements-to-prudent-resource-management/ |work=Independent Nigeria |date=11 January 2021 |access-date=20 April 2026}}</ref> == Aiki == Oyeyemi ta yi aiki a matsayin Kwamishiniyar Kuɗi da Tsare-tsare ta Jihar Kwara, inda ta kasance mai kula da manufofin kuɗi na jihar, tsara [[kasafin kuɗi]], da kuma shirye-shiryen tabbatar da gaskiya da riƙon amana wajen tafiyar da kuɗaɗen gwamnati. A lokacin da take kan muƙami, ma’aikatar ta gabatar da manufofi da shirye-shiryen da suka mayar da hankali kan ƙarfafa ɗaukar alhakin kuɗi, bayyana bayanan kasafin kuɗi ga jama'a, da kuma bai wa al'umma damar shiga cikin tsarin shirya kasafin kuɗi.<ref name="BusinessDay2020">{{cite news |title=Review of 2020 budget to reflect global economic realities -Kwara Govt |url=https://businessday.ng/news/article/review-of-2020-budget-to-reflect-global-economic-realities-kwara-govt/ |location=Lagos, Nigeria |date=30 August 2020 |access-date=20 April 2026 |newspaper=BusinessDay}}</ref><ref name="VON2021">{{cite news |title=Kwara State Government restates commitment to due process |url=https://von.gov.ng/kwara-state-government-restates-commitment-to-due-process/ |work=Voice of Nigeria |date=25 September 2021 |access-date=20 April 2026}}</ref><ref name="IndependentBudget2020">{{cite news |title=KWSG Reiterates Readiness For Participatory Budgeting |url=https://independent.ng/kwsg-reiterates-readiness-for-participatory-budgeting/ |work=Independent Nigeria |date=22 August 2020 |access-date=20 April 2026}}</ref> Ta kuma taka rawa wajen aiwatar da gyare-gyare a tsarin tafiyar da kuɗaɗen gwamnati, ciki har da shirya rahotannin sa ido da kimantawa, da kuma ɗaukar ƙa’idojin lissafin kuɗi da aka amince da su a duniya a cikin tsarin kuɗi na jihar. A matsayinta na kwamishiniya, Oyeyemi ta shiga cikin shirye-shiryen gwamnati daban-daban da suka mayar da hankali kan inganta gaskiya a harkokin kuɗi da kuma ƙarfafa bin ƙa’idojin ɗaukar alhaki da shirye-shiryen kula da kuɗaɗen gwamnati da gwamnatin tarayya da ƙungiyoyin ƙasa da ƙasa ke tallafawa.<ref name="PlatformsAfrica2020">{{cite news |title=World Bank's annual fiscal rating for Nigeria's Kwara State begins |url=https://platformsafrica.com/2020/08/19/world-banks-annual-fiscal-rating-for-nigerias-kwara-state-begins/ |work=Platforms Africa |date=19 August 2020 |access-date=20 April 2026}}</ref><ref name="IndependentBudget2020" /> == Ayyukan siyasa == Oyeyemi ta kasance mai ruwa da tsaki a cikin jam'iyyar [[All Progressives Congress]] (APC), inda ta yi aiki a matsayin mai magana da yawun yakin neman zaɓen jam'iyyar a Jihar Kwara a lokacin babban zaɓen Najeriya na shekarar 2023. A watan Afrilun shekarar 2026, ta bayyana aniyarta ta tsayawa takarar kujerar Majalisar Wakilai ta Tarayya mai wakiltar mazabar '''Ekiti/Irepodun/Isin/Oke-Ero'''. Ta yi alƙawarin samar da shugabanci mai haɗa kowa da kowa, tare da ƙarfafa wakilcin mata da al'ummomin yankin idan aka zaɓe ta.<ref name="Tribune2026">{{cite news |title=2027: Ex-Kwara finance commissioner joins race for Reps seat |url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/2027-ex-kwara-finance-commissioner-joins-race-for-reps-seat/ |work=Nigerian Tribune |date=4 April 2026 |access-date=20 April 2026}}</ref> == Gudanar da harkokin gwamnati == A lokacin da take memba a Majalisar Zartarwa ta Jihar Kwara, Oyeyemi ta shiga cikin shirye-shiryen gwamnati da dama da suka shafi gudanar da kuɗaɗen gwamnati, gyaran tsarin kasafin kuɗi, da aiwatar da manufofin tattalin arziki.<ref name="BusinessDay2020" /> Har ila yau, ta halarci tarurruka da muhawarorin jama'a da aka shirya domin bayyana manufofin kuɗi na jihar da kuma tabbatar da gaskiya a cikin gyare-gyaren kasafin kuɗi da shirye-shiryen tattalin arziki.<ref name="ThisDay2020">{{cite news |title=Why Kwara Revised 2020 Budget |url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/2020/09/02/why-kwara-revised-2020-budget/ |date=2 September 2020 |access-date=20 April 2026 |newspaper=ThisDay}}</ref> == Manazarta == <references/> p6k2e2cv6gvnu20o2c48gl39s2vlh29 878661 878660 2026-07-07T20:04:31Z Saad Nuhu 43323 878661 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Florence Olasumbo Oyeyemi | office = Commissioner for Finance and Planning, Kwara State | governor = AbdulRahman AbdulRazaq | party = All Progressives Congress | occupation = Politician }} '''Florence Olasumbo Oyeyemi''' ’yar siyasar Najeriya ce kuma ƙwararriyar jami’ar gudanar da harkokin gwamnati. Ta yi aiki a matsayin Kwamishiniyar Kuɗi da Tsare-tsare ta [[Jihar Kwara]], [[Najeriya]], a ƙarƙashin gwamnatin Gwamna [[AbdulRahman AbdulRazaq]]. Ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen gudanar da kuɗaɗen gwamnati da aiwatar da manufofin tattalin arziki a gwamnatin jihar.<ref>{{cite news |title=Two new female Commissioners sworn-in by Kwara govt |url=https://dailypost.ng/2021/09/07/two-new-female-commissioners-sworn-in-by-kwara-govt/ |location=Lagos, Nigeria |date=7 September 2021 |access-date=20 April 2026 |newspaper=Daily Post}}</ref><ref name="Independent2021">{{cite news |title=Kwara Ex-Commissioner Attributes Fiscal Achievements To Prudent Resource Management |url=https://independent.ng/kwara-ex-commissioner-attributes-fiscal-achievements-to-prudent-resource-management/ |work=Independent Nigeria |date=11 January 2021 |access-date=20 April 2026}}</ref> == Aiki == Oyeyemi ta yi aiki a matsayin Kwamishiniyar Kuɗi da Tsare-tsare ta Jihar Kwara, inda ta kasance mai kula da manufofin kuɗi na jihar, tsara [[kasafin kuɗi]], da kuma shirye-shiryen tabbatar da gaskiya da riƙon amana wajen tafiyar da kuɗaɗen gwamnati. A lokacin da take kan muƙami, ma’aikatar ta gabatar da manufofi da shirye-shiryen da suka mayar da hankali kan ƙarfafa ɗaukar alhakin kuɗi, bayyana bayanan kasafin kuɗi ga jama'a, da kuma bai wa al'umma damar shiga cikin tsarin shirya kasafin kuɗi.<ref name="BusinessDay2020">{{cite news |title=Review of 2020 budget to reflect global economic realities -Kwara Govt |url=https://businessday.ng/news/article/review-of-2020-budget-to-reflect-global-economic-realities-kwara-govt/ |location=Lagos, Nigeria |date=30 August 2020 |access-date=20 April 2026 |newspaper=BusinessDay}}</ref><ref name="VON2021">{{cite news |title=Kwara State Government restates commitment to due process |url=https://von.gov.ng/kwara-state-government-restates-commitment-to-due-process/ |work=Voice of Nigeria |date=25 September 2021 |access-date=20 April 2026}}</ref><ref name="IndependentBudget2020">{{cite news |title=KWSG Reiterates Readiness For Participatory Budgeting |url=https://independent.ng/kwsg-reiterates-readiness-for-participatory-budgeting/ |work=Independent Nigeria |date=22 August 2020 |access-date=20 April 2026}}</ref> Ta kuma taka rawa wajen aiwatar da gyare-gyare a tsarin tafiyar da kuɗaɗen gwamnati, ciki har da shirya rahotannin sa ido da kimantawa, da kuma ɗaukar ƙa’idojin lissafin kuɗi da aka amince da su a duniya a cikin tsarin kuɗi na jihar. A matsayinta na kwamishiniya, Oyeyemi ta shiga cikin shirye-shiryen gwamnati daban-daban da suka mayar da hankali kan inganta gaskiya a harkokin kuɗi da kuma ƙarfafa bin ƙa’idojin ɗaukar alhaki da shirye-shiryen kula da kuɗaɗen gwamnati da gwamnatin tarayya da ƙungiyoyin ƙasa da ƙasa ke tallafawa.<ref name="PlatformsAfrica2020">{{cite news |title=World Bank's annual fiscal rating for Nigeria's Kwara State begins |url=https://platformsafrica.com/2020/08/19/world-banks-annual-fiscal-rating-for-nigerias-kwara-state-begins/ |work=Platforms Africa |date=19 August 2020 |access-date=20 April 2026}}</ref><ref name="IndependentBudget2020" /> == Ayyukan siyasa == Oyeyemi ta kasance mai ruwa da tsaki a cikin jam'iyyar [[All Progressives Congress]] (APC), inda ta yi aiki a matsayin mai magana da yawun yakin neman zaɓen jam'iyyar a Jihar Kwara a lokacin babban zaɓen Najeriya na shekarar 2023. A watan Afrilun shekarar 2026, ta bayyana aniyarta ta tsayawa takarar kujerar Majalisar Wakilai ta Tarayya mai wakiltar mazabar '''Ekiti/Irepodun/Isin/Oke-Ero'''. Ta yi alƙawarin samar da shugabanci mai haɗa kowa da kowa, tare da ƙarfafa wakilcin mata da al'ummomin yankin idan aka zaɓe ta.<ref name="Tribune2026">{{cite news |title=2027: Ex-Kwara finance commissioner joins race for Reps seat |url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/2027-ex-kwara-finance-commissioner-joins-race-for-reps-seat/ |work=Nigerian Tribune |date=4 April 2026 |access-date=20 April 2026}}</ref> == Gudanar da harkokin gwamnati == A lokacin da take memba a Majalisar Zartarwa ta Jihar Kwara, Oyeyemi ta shiga cikin shirye-shiryen gwamnati da dama da suka shafi gudanar da kuɗaɗen gwamnati, gyaran tsarin kasafin kuɗi, da aiwatar da manufofin tattalin arziki.<ref name="BusinessDay2020" /> Har ila yau, ta halarci tarurruka da muhawarorin jama'a da aka shirya domin bayyana manufofin kuɗi na jihar da kuma tabbatar da gaskiya a cikin gyare-gyaren kasafin kuɗi da shirye-shiryen tattalin arziki.<ref name="ThisDay2020">{{cite news |title=Why Kwara Revised 2020 Budget |url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/2020/09/02/why-kwara-revised-2020-budget/ |date=2 September 2020 |access-date=20 April 2026 |newspaper=ThisDay}}</ref> == Manazarta == 8b77se2l0hzq3o3em690b0gyjb1kkzf 0 161035 878662 2026-07-07T20:09:19Z Saad Nuhu 43323 wallafa sabon shafi 878662 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Francis Spanner Okpozo''' (ya rasu a ranar 26 ga Disamba, 2016) ɗan siyasan [[Najeriya]] ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin sanata a lokacin [[Jamhuriyar Najeriya ta Biyu]], inda ya wakilci [[Mazabar Sanatan Delta ta Kudu]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Nigeria |first=Guardian |date=28 December 2016 |title=Second Republic senator, Francis Okpozo, dies at 81 |url=https://guardian.ng/news/second-republic-senator-francis-okpozo-dies-at-81/ |location=Lagos, Nigeria |access-date=14 January 2025 |newspaper=The Guardian |language=en-US}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Francis Spanner Okpozo a [[Ozoro]], da ke ƙaramar hukumar [[Isoko North]] a [[Jihar Delta]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Odunsi |first=Wale |date=2016-12-28 |title=Ibori reacts to Senator Okpozo's death |url=https://dailypost.ng/2016/12/28/ibori-reacts-senator-okpozos-death/ |location=Lagos, Nigeria |access-date=2025-06-30 |newspaper=Daily Post |language=en-US}}</ref> == Aiki == Okpozo ya yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Kakakin Majalisar Dokokin tsohuwar [[Jihar Bendel]], yana wakiltar jam'iyyar [[Unity Party of Nigeria]] (UPN) kafin juyin mulkin soja na shekarar 1984.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ogbeche |first=Danielle |date=27 December 2016 |title=South-South APC chieftain, Senator Okpozo is dead |url=https://dailypost.ng/2016/12/27/breaking-south-south-apc-chieftain-senator-okpozo-dead/ |location=Lagos, Nigeria |access-date=14 January 2025 |newspaper=Daily Post |language=en-US}}</ref> Daga baya an zaɓe shi zuwa Majalisar Dattawan Najeriya, inda ya wakilci [[Mazabar Sanatan Delta ta Kudu]] a lokacin [[Jamhuriyar Najeriya ta Biyu]] a matsayin mamba na jam'iyyar [[Social Democratic Party (Nigeria)|Social Democratic Party]] (SDP).<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ogbeche |first=Danielle |date=27 December 2016 |title=South-South APC chieftain, Senator Okpozo is dead |url=https://dailypost.ng/2016/12/27/breaking-south-south-apc-chieftain-senator-okpozo-dead/ |location=Lagos, Nigeria |access-date=14 January 2025 |newspaper=Daily Post |language=en-US}}</ref> Bayan dawowar mulkin farar hula, an naɗa Okpozo a matsayin Shugaban Kwamitin Muhalli na Majalisar Dattawa a shekarar 1992. Haka kuma ya shiga jam'iyyar [[All Progressives Congress]] (APC), inda ya riƙe muƙamin jagoranci a jam'iyyar a [[Jihar Delta]].<ref>{{Cite news |title=Okpozo, Ex-Bendel Deputy Speaker DiesOkowa, Uduaghan, Emerhor mourn |url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2016/12/28/okpozo-ex-bendel-deputy-speaker-diesokowa-uduaghan-emerhor-mourn/ |access-date=14 January 2025 |newspaper=ThisDay}}</ref> == Mutuwa == Okpozo ya rasu a ranar 26 ga Disamba, 2016 yana da shekaru 81 a duniya, bayan gajeruwar rashin lafiya.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Sesan |date=28 December 2016 |title=Okpozo dies at 84, Okowa, APC, others mourn |url=https://punchng.com/okpozo-dies-84-okowa-apc-others-mourn/ |access-date=14 January 2025 |newspaper=The Punch |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=vanguard |date=25 February 2017 |title=Okpozo laid to rest amidst eulogies |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/02/okpozo-laid-rest-amidst-eulogies/ |location=Lagos, Nigeria |access-date=14 January 2025 |newspaper=Vanguard |language=en-GB}}</ref> An yi jana'izarsa tare da yabawa da karrama gudummawar da ya bayar ga siyasa da ci gaban yankin Neja Delta da Najeriya baki ɗaya.<ref>{{Cite news |last=vanguard |date=25 February 2017 |title=Okpozo laid to rest amidst eulogies |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/02/okpozo-laid-rest-amidst-eulogies/ |location=Lagos, Nigeria |access-date=14 January 2025 |newspaper=Vanguard |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Manazarta == 840y9kbg627z4gfyd2uxv1fmxet5sgj 3 161036 878676 2026-07-07T21:23:19Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 878676 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Tomshoewiki! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Tomshoewiki|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:23, 7 ga Yuli, 2026 (UTC) 03u1728r9whlywy3d66r9ex9cvrhahb 3 161037 878677 2026-07-07T21:23:29Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 878677 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, A.Yankara! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/A.Yankara|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:23, 7 ga Yuli, 2026 (UTC) rt0flkysnvx2l05gfhdn1cpo58a64wy 3 161038 878678 2026-07-07T21:23:39Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 878678 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, LordMastos! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/LordMastos|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:23, 7 ga Yuli, 2026 (UTC) lt53a0dcah8d0dkay3ci1ox1v7szp1g 3 161039 878679 2026-07-07T21:23:49Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 878679 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Epistularum! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Epistularum|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:23, 7 ga Yuli, 2026 (UTC) chmvn01k4nptbp0j7g2p2op8lkjhprw 3 161040 878680 2026-07-07T21:23:59Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 878680 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Abdulmusasoba! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Abdulmusasoba|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:23, 7 ga Yuli, 2026 (UTC) ijgm1spmkcobosmwxj1r0xbpjasa6od 3 161041 878681 2026-07-07T21:24:09Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 878681 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, The Miss GEE! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/The Miss GEE|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:24, 7 ga Yuli, 2026 (UTC) n2dcnbd3r12murhmu4wm3j6a7w7dj0l 3 161042 878682 2026-07-07T21:24:19Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 878682 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Elcarim1! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Elcarim1|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:24, 7 ga Yuli, 2026 (UTC) d1nckajks3kc2f70zlsw7128wl5nv8z 3 161043 878683 2026-07-07T21:24:29Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 878683 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Siapa109! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Siapa109|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:24, 7 ga Yuli, 2026 (UTC) fmk14b57o77gwbvas0lnwors84wqoeq 3 161044 878684 2026-07-07T21:24:39Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 878684 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Yoosef Pooranvary! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Yoosef Pooranvary|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:24, 7 ga Yuli, 2026 (UTC) epsmoe1gybngjmj40ypzyt7u4tpud0f 3 161045 878685 2026-07-07T21:24:49Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 878685 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Kardin F+! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Kardin F+|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:24, 7 ga Yuli, 2026 (UTC) o6vdyx9lps0k4blidpbom27370qpfl7 3 161046 878686 2026-07-07T21:24:59Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 878686 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, ClustalX! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/ClustalX|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:24, 7 ga Yuli, 2026 (UTC) 06qjdxwhr1dy0tui7j9875anxg0e2pm 3 161047 878687 2026-07-07T21:25:09Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 878687 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Soundslikesomeonebreakingin! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Soundslikesomeonebreakingin|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 7 ga Yuli, 2026 (UTC) jbc7iww2pnd33w8fhwhjfzd19v81vuy 3 161048 878688 2026-07-07T21:25:19Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 878688 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Cherubikal! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Cherubikal|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 7 ga Yuli, 2026 (UTC) ds5prx22rd6fbsj817zqxzwetx4j4pr 3 161049 878689 2026-07-07T21:25:29Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 878689 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Rebekahsaysstuff! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Rebekahsaysstuff|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 7 ga Yuli, 2026 (UTC) 43yjx1a1curhl6am2uxqt9us0rxkg2y 3 161050 878690 2026-07-07T21:25:39Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 878690 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Sempta! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Sempta|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 7 ga Yuli, 2026 (UTC) dflj1g3gh24dsd3atk3z4ig504mhmrh 3 161051 878691 2026-07-07T21:25:49Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 878691 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Thehmkhamis! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Thehmkhamis|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 7 ga Yuli, 2026 (UTC) dmxvkdljd49wfooxg80grjojqf52gmr 3 161052 878692 2026-07-07T21:25:59Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 878692 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Youabian Puma! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Youabian Puma|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 7 ga Yuli, 2026 (UTC) 65jb9gnp4mg8i46q2eqn3v3r9ewsexj 3 161053 878693 2026-07-07T21:26:09Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 878693 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Apsya! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Apsya|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 7 ga Yuli, 2026 (UTC) folgw73tcnfx766l1s099rybmij6akd 3 161054 878694 2026-07-07T21:26:19Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 878694 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Bping1! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Bping1|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 7 ga Yuli, 2026 (UTC) ch7lpj7izmrna5pbcqlx1l09n9tf4fq 3 161055 878695 2026-07-07T21:26:29Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 878695 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Sgerbic! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Sgerbic|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 7 ga Yuli, 2026 (UTC) nvzltnzqesa75th6suqx5sfmvlmvkb2 3 161056 878696 2026-07-07T21:26:39Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 878696 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, MrGreen105! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/MrGreen105|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 7 ga Yuli, 2026 (UTC) cribm728xbccqkbe2yh46reluh917ts 3 161057 878697 2026-07-07T21:26:49Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 878697 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Munachiso Excel! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Munachiso Excel|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 7 ga Yuli, 2026 (UTC) 9sgitcrgrhmdujuqbnh4t5p7lwcxqzu 3 161058 878698 2026-07-07T21:26:59Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 878698 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, THIAGOYPUNTO! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/THIAGOYPUNTO|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 7 ga Yuli, 2026 (UTC) k92u1bju7mb0gycpxvgh5tpl65sfjg3 2 161059 878739 2026-07-07T23:38:04Z Abdulsalam Musa Soba 46747 /* */ 878739 wikitext text/x-wiki ''Abdulsalam'' ''Musa'' was born on the 04th August, 2000 in Soba LGA, Kaduna Nigeria. He went to Great Seat of Wisdom College, Soba for his Nursery, Primary and Secondary School. Where he later earned an Award of Bachelor's Degree in Biochemistry from Kaduna State University, Nigeria. 4p1zdub33k516ctnnq89r2bk9luyg7h 878744 878739 2026-07-08T00:37:39Z Abdulsalam Musa Soba 46747 /* */ 878744 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 0 161060 878848 2026-07-08T09:40:44Z Arcdanumma047 38699 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1323109073|Studio school]]" 878848 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Makarantar studio''' wani nau'in makarantar sakandare ne na musamman a Ingila wanda aka tsara don ba wa ɗalibai ƙwarewa a aikace a wuraren aiki da kuma darussan karatu na gargajiya na ilimi da sana'o'i. Kamar makarantun gargajiya, makarantun studio suna koyar da Manhajar Ƙasa kuma suna ba da takaddun shaida na ilimi da sana'a. Duk da haka, makarantun studio suna da alaƙa da ma'aikata kuma suna ba da ilimi da ya shafi aiki. <ref>{{Cite web |title=What are studio schools? - Schools |url=http://www.education.gov.uk/schools/leadership/typesofschools/technical/a0077819/about |access-date=2013-07-31 |publisher=Education.gov.uk}}</ref> Makarantun studio wani nau'in Makaranta Kyauta ne, <ref name="FreeSchoolDefn">{{Cite web |title=Education Terms: Free Schools |url=http://www.education.gov.uk/vocabularies/educationtermsandtags/7123 |access-date=3 May 2014 |website=DfE Website |publisher=Department for Education}}</ref> an gabatar da su a shekarar 2010. Suna cikin Shirin Makarantun, kuma masu biyan haraji ne ke ba su kuɗaɗen, ba na zaɓe ba, masu 'yancin halarta kuma ba sa ƙarƙashin ikon hukumar ilimi ta gida . Duk da cewa hakan gaskiya ne ga yawancin sauran makarantu da makarantu kyauta, makarantun studio sun bambanta ta hanyoyi da yawa. Makarantun studio suna ɗaukar nauyinsu ne ta hanyar makarantu, kwalejoji, da ƙungiyoyin al'umma. Duk da haka, makarantun da ke akwai ba za su iya canzawa su zama makarantar studio ba - duk makarantun studio dole ne su kasance makarantu masu zaman kansu ba tare da ɗaliban da ke canja wurin kai tsaye ba. An tsara makarantun studio don su zama ƙanana, tare da ɗalibai 300, wanda ke ba su damar haɓaka yanayin koyo mai tallafi, na musamman tare da mai da hankali sosai kan kula da makiyaya. Makarantun suna ƙulla alaƙa ta kud da kud da kasuwanci da kamfanoni a cikin masana'antunsu na musamman waɗanda ke tallafawa makarantu ta hanyar ayyuka kamar jagoranci, wuraren aiki, da tsara manhaja da isar da manhaja. Don ƙara shirya ɗalibai don duniyar aiki, ƙwarewar samun aiki an haɗa su a cikin duk ayyukan makaranta ta amfani da tsarin ƙwarewar samun aiki na CREATE. <ref>{{Cite web |title=What is a Studio School? |url=http://studioschoolstrust.org/what-studio-school |access-date=2013-07-31 |publisher=Studio Schools Trust}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Frequently Asked Questions |url=http://studioschoolstrust.org/studio-schools/frequently-asked-questions |access-date=2013-07-31 |publisher=Studio Schools Trust}}</ref> Kamar Kwalejojin Fasaha na Jami'a, an tsara makarantun studio ne don ɗalibai masu shekaru 14-19, yayin da makarantu masu kyauta da sauran makarantu za su iya zaɓar shekarun ɗalibansu. Wasu makarantun studio, waɗanda ke aiki a yankunan da ke da tsarin makarantu masu matakai uku, suna da guraben karatu ga ɗaliban da shekarunsu suka kai 13. Sunan 'Makarantar Studio' ya samo asali ne daga manufar ɗakin studio [[Renaissance|na Renaissance]] wanda ya wanzu a Turai daga 1400 zuwa 1700. An koyar da ɗaliban waɗannan ɗakunan studio ta hanyar ƙwararren malami a wurin da malamin ya ƙirƙira kuma ya samar da aikinsa. Makarantun studio na zamani suna da nufin ba wa ɗalibai ƙwarewar da ma'aikata da 'yan kasuwa ke buƙata a yankin, a cikin yanayi wanda ke kwaikwayon wuraren aiki na gaske. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Why "Studio" School? |url=http://studioschoolstrust.org/studio-schools/why-studio-school |access-date=2013-07-31 |publisher=Studio Schools Trust}}</ref> A matsayin wani ɓangare na wannan, makarantun studio suna buɗe duk shekara kuma suna da tsawon ranar makaranta, yawanci 9&nbsp;safe zuwa 5&nbsp;yamma. Shirin Makarantun Studio gaba ɗaya yana ƙarƙashin kulawar Kamfanin Studio Schools Trust, waɗanda ke da alhakin taimakawa wajen kafa sabbin makarantun studio, da kuma tallafawa makarantun da ke akwai don aiwatar da tsarin. Wani ɓangare na wannan aikin ya haɗa da sauƙaƙe raba mafi kyawun ayyuka ta hanyar zaman sadarwa da horo da abubuwan da suka faru na CPD. <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Trust |url=http://studioschoolstrust.org/the-trust |access-date=2013-07-31 |publisher=Studio Schools Trust}}</ref> Kasuwancin da ke cikin shirin Makarantun Studio sun haɗa da Cibiyar Sararin Samaniya ta Ƙasa, TalkTalk, Barclays, [[Gidan gwaje-gwaje na Nukiliya na Ƙasar Ingila|Dakin Gwaji na Ƙasa]], da [[Amincewa ta Kasa|National Trust]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=2014 Studio Schools Announced |url=http://www.studioschoolstrust.org/node/796 |access-date=2014-02-10 |publisher=Studio Schools Trust}}</ref> == Suka == Wasu ƙungiyoyin malamai sun yi suka ga kafa makarantun studio, waɗanda suka yi iƙirarin cewa za su ƙara kawo rarrabuwar kawuna a fannin samar da makarantun jihar. An kuma yi suka ga shekarun da makarantun studio ke ɗauka, inda wasu ƙungiyoyin kwadago suka yi jayayya cewa shekarun 14 sun yi ƙanƙanta ga yawancin yara ba za su iya samun irin wannan ilimin na musamman ba. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Harrison |first=Angela |date=2012-07-19 |title=BBC News - More work-based 'studio schools' announced |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/education-18892984 |access-date=2013-07-31 |publisher=Bbc.co.uk}}</ref> == Jerin makarantun studio == == Duba kuma == * Kwalejin Fasaha ta Jami'a * Kwalejin * Makaranta kyauta * Polytechnic * [[Makarantar lissafi]] == Manazarta == qkdsumfpb61jqxp75sff8i28qzxoymb 878850 878848 2026-07-08T09:41:10Z Arcdanumma047 38699 878850 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Makarantar studio''' wani nau'in makarantar sakandare ne na musamman a Ingila wanda aka tsara don ba wa ɗalibai ƙwarewa a aikace a wuraren aiki da kuma darussan karatu na gargajiya na ilimi da sana'o'i. Kamar makarantun gargajiya, makarantun studio suna koyar da Manhajar Ƙasa kuma suna ba da takaddun shaida na ilimi da sana'a. Duk da haka, makarantun studio suna da alaƙa da ma'aikata kuma suna ba da ilimi da ya shafi aiki. <ref>{{Cite web |title=What are studio schools? - Schools |url=http://www.education.gov.uk/schools/leadership/typesofschools/technical/a0077819/about |access-date=2013-07-31 |publisher=Education.gov.uk}}</ref> Makarantun studio wani nau'in Makaranta Kyauta ne, <ref name="FreeSchoolDefn">{{Cite web |title=Education Terms: Free Schools |url=http://www.education.gov.uk/vocabularies/educationtermsandtags/7123 |access-date=3 May 2014 |website=DfE Website |publisher=Department for Education}}</ref> an gabatar da su a shekarar 2010. Suna cikin Shirin Makarantun, kuma masu biyan haraji ne ke ba su kuɗaɗen, ba na zaɓe ba, masu 'yancin halarta kuma ba sa ƙarƙashin ikon hukumar ilimi ta gida . Duk da cewa hakan gaskiya ne ga yawancin sauran makarantu da makarantu kyauta, makarantun studio sun bambanta ta hanyoyi da yawa. Makarantun studio suna ɗaukar nauyinsu ne ta hanyar makarantu, kwalejoji, da ƙungiyoyin al'umma. Duk da haka, makarantun da ke akwai ba za su iya canzawa su zama makarantar studio ba - duk makarantun studio dole ne su kasance makarantu masu zaman kansu ba tare da ɗaliban da ke canja wurin kai tsaye ba. An tsara makarantun studio don su zama ƙanana, tare da ɗalibai 300, wanda ke ba su damar haɓaka yanayin koyo mai tallafi, na musamman tare da mai da hankali sosai kan kula da makiyaya. Makarantun suna ƙulla alaƙa ta kud da kud da kasuwanci da kamfanoni a cikin masana'antunsu na musamman waɗanda ke tallafawa makarantu ta hanyar ayyuka kamar jagoranci, wuraren aiki, da tsara manhaja da isar da manhaja. Don ƙara shirya ɗalibai don duniyar aiki, ƙwarewar samun aiki an haɗa su a cikin duk ayyukan makaranta ta amfani da tsarin ƙwarewar samun aiki na CREATE. <ref>{{Cite web |title=What is a Studio School? |url=http://studioschoolstrust.org/what-studio-school |access-date=2013-07-31 |publisher=Studio Schools Trust}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Frequently Asked Questions |url=http://studioschoolstrust.org/studio-schools/frequently-asked-questions |access-date=2013-07-31 |publisher=Studio Schools Trust}}</ref> Kamar Kwalejojin Fasaha na Jami'a, an tsara makarantun studio ne don ɗalibai masu shekaru 14-19, yayin da makarantu masu kyauta da sauran makarantu za su iya zaɓar shekarun ɗalibansu. Wasu makarantun studio, waɗanda ke aiki a yankunan da ke da tsarin makarantu masu matakai uku, suna da guraben karatu ga ɗaliban da shekarunsu suka kai 13. Sunan 'Makarantar Studio' ya samo asali ne daga manufar ɗakin studio [[Renaissance|na Renaissance]] wanda ya wanzu a Turai daga 1400 zuwa 1700. An koyar da ɗaliban waɗannan ɗakunan studio ta hanyar ƙwararren malami a wurin da malamin ya ƙirƙira kuma ya samar da aikinsa. Makarantun studio na zamani suna da nufin ba wa ɗalibai ƙwarewar da ma'aikata da 'yan kasuwa ke buƙata a yankin, a cikin yanayi wanda ke kwaikwayon wuraren aiki na gaske. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Why "Studio" School? |url=http://studioschoolstrust.org/studio-schools/why-studio-school |access-date=2013-07-31 |publisher=Studio Schools Trust}}</ref> A matsayin wani ɓangare na wannan, makarantun studio suna buɗe duk shekara kuma suna da tsawon ranar makaranta, yawanci 9&nbsp;safe zuwa 5&nbsp;yamma. Shirin Makarantun Studio gaba ɗaya yana ƙarƙashin kulawar Kamfanin Studio Schools Trust, waɗanda ke da alhakin taimakawa wajen kafa sabbin makarantun studio, da kuma tallafawa makarantun da ke akwai don aiwatar da tsarin. Wani ɓangare na wannan aikin ya haɗa da sauƙaƙe raba mafi kyawun ayyuka ta hanyar zaman sadarwa da horo da abubuwan da suka faru na CPD. <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Trust |url=http://studioschoolstrust.org/the-trust |access-date=2013-07-31 |publisher=Studio Schools Trust}}</ref> Kasuwancin da ke cikin shirin Makarantun Studio sun haɗa da Cibiyar Sararin Samaniya ta Ƙasa, TalkTalk, Barclays, [[Gidan gwaje-gwaje na Nukiliya na Ƙasar Ingila|Dakin Gwaji na Ƙasa]], da [[Amincewa ta Kasa|National Trust]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=2014 Studio Schools Announced |url=http://www.studioschoolstrust.org/node/796 |access-date=2014-02-10 |publisher=Studio Schools Trust}}</ref> == Suka == Wasu ƙungiyoyin malamai sun yi suka ga kafa makarantun studio, waɗanda suka yi iƙirarin cewa za su ƙara kawo rarrabuwar kawuna a fannin samar da makarantun jihar. An kuma yi suka ga shekarun da makarantun studio ke ɗauka, inda wasu ƙungiyoyin kwadago suka yi jayayya cewa shekarun 14 sun yi ƙanƙanta ga yawancin yara ba za su iya samun irin wannan ilimin na musamman ba. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Harrison |first=Angela |date=2012-07-19 |title=BBC News - More work-based 'studio schools' announced |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/education-18892984 |access-date=2013-07-31 |publisher=Bbc.co.uk}}</ref> == Jerin makarantun studio == == Duba kuma == * Kwalejin Fasaha ta Jami'a * Kwalejin * Makaranta kyauta * Polytechnic * [[Makarantar lissafi]] == Manazarta == auufi2rt3qz2uodb1pzijl1m8ukxf47 0 161061 878851 2026-07-08T09:42:11Z Arcdanumma047 38699 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1357441686|Summer school]]" 878851 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Makarantar bazara''' (ko '''jami'ar bazara''' ) makaranta ce, ko kuma shiri wanda makaranta ko gundumar makaranta ke ɗaukar nauyinsa, ko kuma wanda wani kamfani mai zaman kansa ke bayarwa, wanda ke ba da darussa da ayyuka a lokacin hutun bazara . An nuna cewa shiga makarantun bazara yana da tasiri mai yawa ga ilimi. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Cooper |first=H. |last2=Charlton |first2=K. |last3=Valentine |first3=J. C. |last4=Muhlenbruck |first4=L. |year=2000 |title=Making the most of summer school: a meta-analytic and narrative review |journal=Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development |volume=65 |issue=1 |pages=i-v, 1–118; discussion 119–27 |doi=10.1111/1540-5834.00059 |pmid=12467098}}</ref> == A Arewacin Amurka == A makarantun firamare da sakandare, ana amfani da shirye-shiryen makarantun bazara don koyar da gyara, kodayake wasu shirye-shiryen sansanin kwana-kwana waɗanda ba na ilimi ba suna kiran kansu makarantar bazara. A makarantar sakandare, kwaleji ko [[jami'a]], ɗalibai za su iya yin rajista a cikin azuzuwan don a yi la'akari da maki a cikin matsakaicin maki ko kuma takardar shaidar karatunsu. A makarantar sakandare, galibi ana amfani da makarantar bazara don dalilai na gyara. Duk da haka, a kwalejoji da jami'o'i, a tarihi ana amfani da ita azaman ci gaba a cikin lokutan bashi don manufar ƙwarewa da haɓaka aiki. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=McLean |first=Scott |date=August 2024 |title=From Missionary Zeal to Holiday Appeal: Summer School, Professionalization, and Teachers in Canada, 1915-1959 |journal=History of Education Quarterly |volume=64 |issue=3 |pages=242–269 |doi=10.1017/heq.2023.54 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Jami'o'i da yawa suna ba da gajerun darussa na bazara don jawo hankalin ɗalibai na gida da na ƙasashen waje, kuma waɗannan shirye-shiryen galibi suna kewaye da ayyukan zamantakewa. A fannin ilimi, kalmar na iya nufin wani nau'in taro . Yawanci, masana da aka kafa za su gabatar da gabatarwa kan batutuwa masu zurfi a wani fanni ga ɗaliban digiri na biyu . Irin wannan makarantar bazara galibi ana shirya ta ne a matakin ƙasa ko na duniya, kuma ba a ba da maki ba. Haka kuma, kwaleji ko jami'a wani lokacin tana ba da shirin bazara ga malamai ko wasu ƙwararrun ma'aikata da ke son kammala karatunsu na ƙwararru ko na gabaɗaya. Wasu makarantun bazara na jama'a ne waɗanda ba sa buƙatar jarrabawa kuma ba don dalilan digiri ba ne. <ref>{{Cite web |title=University of Cape Town Summer School |url=http://www.summerschool.uct.ac.za/ |access-date=2014-04-30 |publisher=University of Cape Town, Extra-mural studies}}</ref> == Sauran duniya == A wajen [[Amurka ta Arewa|Arewacin Amurka]], kalmar tana da faffadan ma'ana kuma tana nufin dukkan shekaru kuma ta haɗa da nishaɗi da sauran fannoni marasa ilimi, don haka, misali, kwas kan shimfida shinge wataƙila yana nufin tsofaffi. A waɗannan yankuna, Makarantun bazara na Kiɗa, a gefe guda, ana iya tsara su don ɗaliban da suka kai shekaru makaranta, ɗaliban kwaleji, ko ƙwararrun manya ko masu son shiga a matakai daban-daban na cimma nasara. Makarantun bazara kuma za su iya ba wa ɗalibai ƙwarewar ilimi <ref>{{Cite web |title=Immerse Education |url=https://www.immerse.education/ |access-date=5 August 2019 |publisher=Immerse Education}}</ref> waɗanda ba za su samu a lokacin karatunsu na yau da kullun ba. Wannan na iya haɗawa da darussan da ba a saba bayarwa a makarantu ba (kamar shari'a, wanda ba a saba bayarwa a makarantun Burtaniya amma ana iya koyarwa a makarantun bazara), ko kuma ƙwarewar karatu a tsohuwar jami'a <ref>{{Cite web |title=Oxford Summer Courses |url=http://www.oxfordsummercourses.com/ |access-date=2018-12-10 |publisher=Oxford Summer Courses}}</ref> ko jami'a ko kwaleji wacce ke da suna mai ƙarfi a fagen duniya, kamar Jami'ar Oxford. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Oxford Summer School 2021 |url=https://www.oxford-royale.com/summer-schools/oxford/ |access-date=2020-08-04 |publisher=Oxford Royale Academy}}</ref> Makarantun bazara kuma na iya haɗawa da nau'ikan balaguro da tafiye-tafiyen filin fiye da yadda zai yiwu a cikin ilimin yau da kullun, don haka wasu makarantun bazara <ref>{{Cite web |title=SAGE Summer School (E-Learning) |url=https://summerschool.sageuniversity.edu.in/ |access-date=2020-06-27 |publisher=SAGE Summer School (E-Learning)}}</ref> suna bin layi tsakanin ilimi da hutu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Oxford Summer Courses |url=https://oxfordsummercourses.com/articles/the-art-of-debate-at-oxford-summer-courses/ |access-date=2018-12-10 |publisher=Oxford Summer Courses}}</ref> Makarantun bazara suna taimaka wa ɗalibai su ci gaba a cikin yanayin gasa na aikace-aikacen jami'a da ayyukansu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Avernus Education Oxford Summer Programme |url=https://www.avernuseducation.com/oxford-summer-courses |access-date=2023-11-24 |publisher=Avernus Education}}</ref> == Turanci a matsayin harshen waje == Makarantun bazara sanannen zaɓi ne ga ɗaliban Turanci a matsayin Harshen Ƙasashen waje, musamman yara. EnglishUK, kungiyar koyar da harshe ta EFL a Burtaniya, tana da mambobi sama da 470, da yawa daga cikinsu suna gudanar da makarantun bazara.<ref>{{Cite web |title=EnglishUK homepage |url=http://www.englishuk.com/ |access-date=2014-04-30 |publisher=EnglishUK}}</ref> Makarantu na bazara galibi suna ba da nutsewar harshe na waje, wanda ya san fa'idodi don koyon harshe. Makarantu na bazara na wannan nau'in suna da kira ga ɗalibai da ke son neman ilimi mafi girma a ƙasashen da ke magana da Ingilishi, waɗanda ke ci gaba da zama teburin league na jami'a kuma suna samun babban kashi na ɗaliban su daga ƙasashen waje, kamar yadda makarantun bazara a waɗannan ƙasashe ke ba da haske ba kawai a cikin harshen Ingilishi ba, har ma da al'adun da ke amfani da shi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Times World University Rankings |url=http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/world-university-rankings/2014/reputation-ranking |access-date=2014-04-30 |publisher=Times Higher Education}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The 100 most international universities in the world |url=http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/news/the-100-most-international-universities-in-the-world/2010783.fullarticle |access-date=2014-04-30 |publisher=Times Higher Education}}</ref> Har ma suna iya ba da jagora ga irin waɗannan ɗalibai a aikace-aikacen jami'a.<ref>{{Cite web |title=University Preparation Summer Courses at Earlscliffe |url=https://summerboardingcourses.com/courses/university-preparation-summer-school/earlscliffe-college/ |access-date=2022-01-13 |website=Summer Boarding Courses |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Duba kuma == == Manazarta == 2zelfx9l31oszmf5ees1thosqem69uf 878852 878851 2026-07-08T09:42:35Z Arcdanumma047 38699 878852 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Makarantar bazara''' (ko '''jami'ar bazara''' ) makaranta ce, ko kuma shiri wanda makaranta ko gundumar makaranta ke ɗaukar nauyinsa, ko kuma wanda wani kamfani mai zaman kansa ke bayarwa, wanda ke ba da darussa da ayyuka a lokacin hutun bazara . An nuna cewa shiga makarantun bazara yana da tasiri mai yawa ga ilimi. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Cooper |first=H. |last2=Charlton |first2=K. |last3=Valentine |first3=J. C. |last4=Muhlenbruck |first4=L. |year=2000 |title=Making the most of summer school: a meta-analytic and narrative review |journal=Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development |volume=65 |issue=1 |pages=i-v, 1–118; discussion 119–27 |doi=10.1111/1540-5834.00059 |pmid=12467098}}</ref> == A Arewacin Amurka == A makarantun firamare da sakandare, ana amfani da shirye-shiryen makarantun bazara don koyar da gyara, kodayake wasu shirye-shiryen sansanin kwana-kwana waɗanda ba na ilimi ba suna kiran kansu makarantar bazara. A makarantar sakandare, kwaleji ko [[jami'a]], ɗalibai za su iya yin rajista a cikin azuzuwan don a yi la'akari da maki a cikin matsakaicin maki ko kuma takardar shaidar karatunsu. A makarantar sakandare, galibi ana amfani da makarantar bazara don dalilai na gyara. Duk da haka, a kwalejoji da jami'o'i, a tarihi ana amfani da ita azaman ci gaba a cikin lokutan bashi don manufar ƙwarewa da haɓaka aiki. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=McLean |first=Scott |date=August 2024 |title=From Missionary Zeal to Holiday Appeal: Summer School, Professionalization, and Teachers in Canada, 1915-1959 |journal=History of Education Quarterly |volume=64 |issue=3 |pages=242–269 |doi=10.1017/heq.2023.54 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Jami'o'i da yawa suna ba da gajerun darussa na bazara don jawo hankalin ɗalibai na gida da na ƙasashen waje, kuma waɗannan shirye-shiryen galibi suna kewaye da ayyukan zamantakewa. A fannin ilimi, kalmar na iya nufin wani nau'in taro . Yawanci, masana da aka kafa za su gabatar da gabatarwa kan batutuwa masu zurfi a wani fanni ga ɗaliban digiri na biyu . Irin wannan makarantar bazara galibi ana shirya ta ne a matakin ƙasa ko na duniya, kuma ba a ba da maki ba. Haka kuma, kwaleji ko jami'a wani lokacin tana ba da shirin bazara ga malamai ko wasu ƙwararrun ma'aikata da ke son kammala karatunsu na ƙwararru ko na gabaɗaya. Wasu makarantun bazara na jama'a ne waɗanda ba sa buƙatar jarrabawa kuma ba don dalilan digiri ba ne. <ref>{{Cite web |title=University of Cape Town Summer School |url=http://www.summerschool.uct.ac.za/ |access-date=2014-04-30 |publisher=University of Cape Town, Extra-mural studies}}</ref> == Sauran duniya == A wajen [[Amurka ta Arewa|Arewacin Amurka]], kalmar tana da faffadan ma'ana kuma tana nufin dukkan shekaru kuma ta haɗa da nishaɗi da sauran fannoni marasa ilimi, don haka, misali, kwas kan shimfida shinge wataƙila yana nufin tsofaffi. A waɗannan yankuna, Makarantun bazara na Kiɗa, a gefe guda, ana iya tsara su don ɗaliban da suka kai shekaru makaranta, ɗaliban kwaleji, ko ƙwararrun manya ko masu son shiga a matakai daban-daban na cimma nasara. Makarantun bazara kuma za su iya ba wa ɗalibai ƙwarewar ilimi <ref>{{Cite web |title=Immerse Education |url=https://www.immerse.education/ |access-date=5 August 2019 |publisher=Immerse Education}}</ref> waɗanda ba za su samu a lokacin karatunsu na yau da kullun ba. Wannan na iya haɗawa da darussan da ba a saba bayarwa a makarantu ba (kamar shari'a, wanda ba a saba bayarwa a makarantun Burtaniya amma ana iya koyarwa a makarantun bazara), ko kuma ƙwarewar karatu a tsohuwar jami'a <ref>{{Cite web |title=Oxford Summer Courses |url=http://www.oxfordsummercourses.com/ |access-date=2018-12-10 |publisher=Oxford Summer Courses}}</ref> ko jami'a ko kwaleji wacce ke da suna mai ƙarfi a fagen duniya, kamar Jami'ar Oxford. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Oxford Summer School 2021 |url=https://www.oxford-royale.com/summer-schools/oxford/ |access-date=2020-08-04 |publisher=Oxford Royale Academy}}</ref> Makarantun bazara kuma na iya haɗawa da nau'ikan balaguro da tafiye-tafiyen filin fiye da yadda zai yiwu a cikin ilimin yau da kullun, don haka wasu makarantun bazara <ref>{{Cite web |title=SAGE Summer School (E-Learning) |url=https://summerschool.sageuniversity.edu.in/ |access-date=2020-06-27 |publisher=SAGE Summer School (E-Learning)}}</ref> suna bin layi tsakanin ilimi da hutu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Oxford Summer Courses |url=https://oxfordsummercourses.com/articles/the-art-of-debate-at-oxford-summer-courses/ |access-date=2018-12-10 |publisher=Oxford Summer Courses}}</ref> Makarantun bazara suna taimaka wa ɗalibai su ci gaba a cikin yanayin gasa na aikace-aikacen jami'a da ayyukansu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Avernus Education Oxford Summer Programme |url=https://www.avernuseducation.com/oxford-summer-courses |access-date=2023-11-24 |publisher=Avernus Education}}</ref> == Turanci a matsayin harshen waje == Makarantun bazara sanannen zaɓi ne ga ɗaliban Turanci a matsayin Harshen Ƙasashen waje, musamman yara. EnglishUK, kungiyar koyar da harshe ta EFL a Burtaniya, tana da mambobi sama da 470, da yawa daga cikinsu suna gudanar da makarantun bazara.<ref>{{Cite web |title=EnglishUK homepage |url=http://www.englishuk.com/ |access-date=2014-04-30 |publisher=EnglishUK}}</ref> Makarantu na bazara galibi suna ba da nutsewar harshe na waje, wanda ya san fa'idodi don koyon harshe. Makarantu na bazara na wannan nau'in suna da kira ga ɗalibai da ke son neman ilimi mafi girma a ƙasashen da ke magana da Ingilishi, waɗanda ke ci gaba da zama teburin league na jami'a kuma suna samun babban kashi na ɗaliban su daga ƙasashen waje, kamar yadda makarantun bazara a waɗannan ƙasashe ke ba da haske ba kawai a cikin harshen Ingilishi ba, har ma da al'adun da ke amfani da shi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Times World University Rankings |url=http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/world-university-rankings/2014/reputation-ranking |access-date=2014-04-30 |publisher=Times Higher Education}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The 100 most international universities in the world |url=http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/news/the-100-most-international-universities-in-the-world/2010783.fullarticle |access-date=2014-04-30 |publisher=Times Higher Education}}</ref> Har ma suna iya ba da jagora ga irin waɗannan ɗalibai a aikace-aikacen jami'a.<ref>{{Cite web |title=University Preparation Summer Courses at Earlscliffe |url=https://summerboardingcourses.com/courses/university-preparation-summer-school/earlscliffe-college/ |access-date=2022-01-13 |website=Summer Boarding Courses |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Duba kuma == == Manazarta == fx08fdp1qdgrnver7za8txq36b2xyc7 0 161062 878853 2026-07-08T09:43:40Z Arcdanumma047 38699 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1192239905|Istituto tecnico tecnologico]]" 878853 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Istituto tecnico technologico''''' (wanda a zahiri "cibiyar fasaha ta fasaha") wata makaranta ce ta sakandare a Italiya wadda ta ƙware a [[Fasaha|fannin fasaha]], ilimin bayanai, lantarki, masana'antar sinadarai, [[Biotechnology|fasahar halittu]], gudanar da gini, fasahar geo da kuma salon zamani . Yana ba wa ɗalibai ƙwarewar ci gaba zuwa kowace babbar cibiyar ilimi . Dalibai za su iya halartar ''cibiyar fasaha ta istituto tecnico'' bayan sun kammala karatun ''scuola media'' ( makarantar sakandare ) cikin nasara. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cosa scelgo dopo la terza media? |url=http://www.comune.torino.it/torinogiovani/formazione/dopo-la-terza-media-dove-vado |access-date=27 December 2023 |language=it}}</ref> Dalibai yawanci suna karatu na tsawon shekaru biyar kuma suna halartar makarantar daga shekara 14 zuwa 19. A ƙarshen shekara ta biyar, duk ɗalibai suna halartar ''esame di Stato'' ("jarrabawar jiha"), jarrabawa ta ƙarshe wadda ke ba da damar shiga kowace kwas a jami'a. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Istruzione secondaria e post-secondaria non terziaria |url=https://eurydice.eacea.ec.europa.eu/it/national-education-systems/italy/italiavalutazione-nellistruzione-secondaria-superiore-generale |access-date=27 December 2023 |language=it}}</ref> Ana kiran ɗalibi da " ''ɗalibi'' " (namiji) yayin da ake kiran " ''ɗalibi'' " (mace). Ana kiran malamai da " ''farfesa'' " (namiji) ko ''"farfesa"'' (mace). An raba kwas ɗin zuwa hanyoyi biyu na musamman: <ref>{{Cite web |title=MIUR - Guida alla nuova scuola secondaria superiore |url=http://www.istruzione.it/alfresco/d/d/workspace/SpacesStore/dd85ed40-35bb-4f7a-8619-88ed0eef23f9/Guida_alla_nuova_scuola_secondaria_superiore.pdf |access-date=12 June 2012}}</ref> * ''Meccanica, meccatronica ed energia'' ("makanikanci, mechatronics da makamashi") * ''Trasporti e logistica'' ("transport and logistic") * ''Elettronica ed elettrotecnica'' ("Injiniyar Lantarki da Wutar Lantarki") * ''Informatica da telecomunicazioni'' ("IT da sadarwa") * ''Grafica e communicazioni'' ("zane-zane da sadarwa") * ''Chimica, materiali da biotecnologie'' ("Chemistry, kayan aiki da fasahar kere-kere") * ''Sistema moda'' ("tsarin zamani") * ''Agraria, agroalimentare da agroindustria'' ("noma, agro-abinci da kuma agro-masana'antu") * ''Costruzione, ambiente da territorio'' ("gini") == Duba kuma == * Istituto tecnico economico * Jerin makarantu a Italiya == Manazarta == kzybvopovwyx5do9pm1xwdneyjr9eh8 878854 878853 2026-07-08T09:44:16Z Arcdanumma047 38699 878854 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Istituto tecnico technologico''''' (wanda a zahiri "cibiyar fasaha ta fasaha") wata makaranta ce ta sakandare a Italiya wadda ta ƙware a [[Fasaha|fannin fasaha]], ilimin bayanai, lantarki, masana'antar sinadarai, [[Biotechnology|fasahar halittu]], gudanar da gini, fasahar geo da kuma salon zamani . Yana ba wa ɗalibai ƙwarewar ci gaba zuwa kowace babbar cibiyar ilimi . Dalibai za su iya halartar ''cibiyar fasaha ta istituto tecnico'' bayan sun kammala karatun ''scuola media'' ( makarantar sakandare ) cikin nasara. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cosa scelgo dopo la terza media? |url=http://www.comune.torino.it/torinogiovani/formazione/dopo-la-terza-media-dove-vado |access-date=27 December 2023 |language=it}}</ref> Dalibai yawanci suna karatu na tsawon shekaru biyar kuma suna halartar makarantar daga shekara 14 zuwa 19. A ƙarshen shekara ta biyar, duk ɗalibai suna halartar ''esame di Stato'' ("jarrabawar jiha"), jarrabawa ta ƙarshe wadda ke ba da damar shiga kowace kwas a jami'a. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Istruzione secondaria e post-secondaria non terziaria |url=https://eurydice.eacea.ec.europa.eu/it/national-education-systems/italy/italiavalutazione-nellistruzione-secondaria-superiore-generale |access-date=27 December 2023 |language=it}}</ref> Ana kiran ɗalibi da " ''ɗalibi'' " (namiji) yayin da ake kiran " ''ɗalibi'' " (mace). Ana kiran malamai da " ''farfesa'' " (namiji) ko ''"farfesa"'' (mace). An raba kwas ɗin zuwa hanyoyi biyu na musamman: <ref>{{Cite web |title=MIUR - Guida alla nuova scuola secondaria superiore |url=http://www.istruzione.it/alfresco/d/d/workspace/SpacesStore/dd85ed40-35bb-4f7a-8619-88ed0eef23f9/Guida_alla_nuova_scuola_secondaria_superiore.pdf |access-date=12 June 2012}}</ref> * ''Meccanica, meccatronica ed energia'' ("makanikanci, mechatronics da makamashi") * ''Trasporti e logistica'' ("transport and logistic") * ''Elettronica ed elettrotecnica'' ("Injiniyar Lantarki da Wutar Lantarki") * ''Informatica da telecomunicazioni'' ("IT da sadarwa") * ''Grafica e communicazioni'' ("zane-zane da sadarwa") * ''Chimica, materiali da biotecnologie'' ("Chemistry, kayan aiki da fasahar kere-kere") * ''Sistema moda'' ("tsarin zamani") * ''Agraria, agroalimentare da agroindustria'' ("noma, agro-abinci da kuma agro-masana'antu") * ''Costruzione, ambiente da territorio'' ("gini") == Duba kuma == * Istituto tecnico economico * Jerin makarantu a Italiya == Manazarta == 2tm2lhnfuk16wron75yv9lcer39mjsh 0 161063 878855 2026-07-08T09:47:13Z Arcdanumma047 38699 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1357672416|Real school]]" 878855 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Makarantar gaske''' ( German , ) nau'in makarantar sakandare ce a [[Jamus]], [[Switzerland]] da [[Liechtenstein]] . Har ila yau, ya wanzu a cikin [[Kroatiya|Croatia]] ( ''realna gimnazija'' ), Austriya Empire, Jamus Empire, [[Denmark]] da [[Norway]] ( ''realskole'' ), [[Sweden]] ( ''realskola'' ), [[Istoniya|Estonia]] ( ''realkool'' ), [[Finland]] ( ''reaalikoulu'' ), [[Hungariya|Hungary]] ( ''reáliskola'' ), [[Laitfiya|Latvia]] ( ''reālskola'' ), [[Sloveniya|Slovenia]] ( ''realka'' ), [[Serbiya|Serbia]] ( ''daular Rasha / realikoulu'' ), Serbia da realna gimna . ''реальное училище'' ), gami da Poland da aka raba ( ''szkoła realna'' ). == Jamus == === Yanayin makarantar === A tsarin makarantun sakandare na Jamus, ''Realschule'' tana tsakanin Hauptschule (mafi ƙasƙanci) da Gymnasium (mafi girma). Bayan kammala ''Realschule'', ana ba wa ɗalibai nagari damar halartar Kwalejin Gymnasium ta ƙwararru ko Cibiyar Ilimi ta gabaɗaya. Hakanan za su iya halartar ''Makarantar Berufsschule'' ko yin horon aiki . A yawancin jihohin Jamus, ɗalibai suna fara ''Realschule'' tun suna shekara goma ko sha ɗaya kuma yawanci suna kammala makaranta tun suna shekara 16-17. A wasu jihohi, kwanan nan an maye gurbin ''Realschulen'' da ''[[Ilimi a Jamus|Oberschulen]]'' ko ''[[Makarantar da aka fi sani|Sekundarschulen]]'' . A shekara ta 2006, ɗaliban Jamus miliyan 1.32 sun halarci ''makarantar Realschule'' . A ''Realschule'', ɗalibi yana samun ƙarin ilimi kuma yana koyon aƙalla harshe ɗaya na ƙasashen waje, yawanci [[Turanci|Ingilishi]] . A jihar Baden-Württemberg, bayan aji shida, ɗalibi dole ne ya zaɓi tsakanin [[fasaha]], tattalin arziki na gida, da kuma harshen waje na biyu, yawanci [[Faransanci]] . Sabon fannin ya zama babban darasi na biyar na ɗalibi, bayan Jamusanci, lissafi, kimiyya da Ingilishi; kuma yana yiwuwa a koyi wasu harsunan ƙasashen waje a cikin bita kyauta. Sauran fannoni sune [[Labarin kasa|ilimin ƙasa]], [[kimiyyar zamantakewa]], tattalin arziki, [[tarihi]], ilimin addini, da ilimin motsa jiki. Bayan aji na 8, ɗalibi dole ne ya zaɓi tsakanin fasaha da [[kiɗa]] . Difloma na makarantar sakandare da aka samu a [[Kanada]] ko [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]] yawanci ana amincewa da su a matsayin ''Mittlere Reife'' (kammala karatun daga ''Realschule'' ). A wasu lokuta, ɗalibai na iya neman wasu fannoni a jami'a. Duk ɗaliban da ke da difloma ta makarantar sakandare ta Amurka za su iya neman shiga ''Studienkolleg'', kuma bayan sun kammala karatunsu cikin nasara, za su iya halartar jami'ar Jamus. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Home - Universität Regensburg |url=http://www-cgi.uni-regensburg.de/Einrichtungen/Auslandsamt/neu1/ew-cms/html/dokumente/USA-Info.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723005347/http://www-cgi.uni-regensburg.de/Einrichtungen/Auslandsamt/neu1/ew-cms/html/dokumente/USA-Info.pdf |archive-date=July 23, 2011 |website=www-cgi.uni-regensburg.de}}</ref> Waɗanda ke da difloma ta makarantar sakandare za su iya zaɓar daga cikin manyan fannoni da za su iya samu a jami'ar Jamus idan sun yi kyau a SAT ko ACT . Waɗanda suka sami maki sama da 1300 a SAT ko sama da 28 a ACT za su iya neman kowane fanni a jami'ar Jamus. <ref name="laender-usa" /> Gymnasia da <nowiki><i id="mwYw">Realgymnasia</i></nowiki> sune makarantun sakandare na gargajiya na [[Jamus]] . === Kashe ''Realschule'' a Berlin da Hamburg === Tun daga 2010/2011, ''Realschulen'' an soke ta bisa ƙa'ida a [[Berlin]] kuma ta haɗu da ''Hauptschulen'' da tsohuwar ''[[Makarantar da aka fi sani|Gesamtschulen]]'' don samar da sabon nau'in cikakkiyar makaranta, wanda ake kira ''Stadtteilschule'' a Hamburg da ''Sekundarschule'' a Berlin. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2020)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> === Ayyukan ɗaliban da suka halarci ''Realschule'' === A cewar jarrabawar PISA, ɗaliban da suka halarci ''Realschule'' sun fi waɗanda suka halarci makarantar motsa jiki kyau. Duk da haka, sun fi waɗanda suka halarci ''makarantar Hauptschule'' ko makarantar Gesamtschule kyau. === Suka === An yi suka sosai kan tsarin ilimi na Jamus mai sassa uku saboda raba yara a aji tun suna ƙanana. Misali, a wasu jihohin Jamus, ana yanke shawara a aji shida ko ma na huɗu game da ko yaro zai ci gaba da karatu a Gymnasium, ''Realschule'', ko ''Hauptschule'' . Gymnasium kawai makarantar shirye-shirye ce ta jami'a, don haka masu suka suna jayayya cewa ana yanke shawara tun daga aji huɗu game da ko za a bar yaro ya halarci kwaleji. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2020)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Ana ɗaukar tsarin a matsayin mai matuƙar wahala a wajen Jamus har ma OECD ta aika da wakili na musamman. ga Jamus don yin Allah wadai da tsarin da Jamus ke amfani da shi a yanzu. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2020)">an buƙata ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Musamman ma, ƙwararren ɗan ƙasar Brazil ya gano cewa makarantun Jamus suna raba yara bisa ga ajin zamantakewa, inda ake tura yaran da suka fito daga jami'o'i da ƙwararru zuwa wurin motsa jiki, kuma ana tura yaran da ke aiki zuwa ''Realschule'' ko ''Hauptschule'' . A cewar masu suka, ana ɗaukar tsarin a matsayin mai amfani a cikin Jamus a matsayin mai amfani ga zamantakewa ta yadda manyan ɗalibai za su iya ajiye mafi kyawun makarantu don kansu ba tare da sun koma makarantun masu zaman kansu ba. A ƙarshe, babu wata al'umma mai dimokuraɗiyya a wajen duniyar da ke magana da Jamusanci da ke da tsarin makarantu uku waɗanda ke raba yara galibi bisa ga asali; wannan binciken shine babban korafin da aka yi game da Jamus a cikin binciken PISA na baya-bayan nan. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2020)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Masu goyon bayan tsarin tripartite suna ganin hujjojin da masu suka suka gabatar a matsayin marasa inganci. Suna nuna gaskiyar cewa ba wai kawai Gymnasium ba, har ma da makarantu da makarantu masu cikakken tsari da ke hidimar ɗalibai masu girma, kamar ''Kolleg'' ko ''Berufsoberschule'', suna ba da damar ''Abitur'' . Hakanan, yana yiwuwa a halarci kwaleji ba tare da gudanar da ''Abitur'' ba. Suna kuma da ra'ayin cewa ''Realschulen'' da Gymnasia da gwamnati ke ɗaukar nauyinsu sun bai wa yara da yawa na aji ma'aikata damar hawa kan tsani na zamantakewa. Masu goyon bayan tsarin tripartite suna jin tsoron cewa soke Gymnasia da ''Realschulen'' zai haifar da ci gaban ɓangaren makarantu masu zaman kansu. Masu goyon bayan ''Realschule'' suma suna da ra'ayin cewa yana taimaka wa ɗaliban haɓaka halayensu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=http://www.vo-saar.de/dokumente/Umgang%20mit%20Heterogenitaet.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716154320/http://www.vo-saar.de/dokumente/Umgang%20mit%20Heterogenitaet.pdf |archive-date=16 July 2011 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=www.vo-saar.de}}</ref> A cewar wani bincike, waɗanda ke halartar ''Realschule'' sun zama masu son kai kuma suna da yuwuwar kula da wasu akan lokaci. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Elternverein Nordrhein-Westfalen e. V. - Gesamtschule ungeschminkt - Alarm! |url=http://www.elternverein-nrw.de/stellungnahmen/gesamtschule_ungeschminkt.htm |access-date=2013-07-22 |publisher=Elternverein-nrw.de}}</ref> === The "Erweiterte Realschule" da "Realschule Plus" === "Erweiterte Realschule" (wanda aka faɗaɗa ''Realschule'' ) makaranta ce da ke cikin Jihar Saarland ta Jamus. Bai kamata a rikita ta da ''Realschule'' ba. Duk da cewa ''Realschule'' makaranta ce ta zaɓe, ''Erweiterte Realschule'' makaranta ce da ba ta zaɓar ɗalibanta bisa ga nasarar ilimi ko ƙwarewa. Tana yaɗa ɗalibai ta hanyar iyawar da ake gani bayan aji na 7. " ''Realschule Plus'' " makaranta ce da ba ta zaɓe ba wadda ke cikin Jihar Rhineland-Palatinate . Tana ba da azuzuwan ilimi na gabaɗaya (waɗanda suka yi kama da azuzuwan ''Realschule'' na yau da kullun) da kuma azuzuwan gyara. ''Erweiterte Realschule'' da ''Realschule Plus'' ba makarantar da ɗalibai da yawa suka zaɓa ba ce kuma galibi ɗaliban da aka ƙi ko aka kore su daga wasu makarantu suna halarta. == Ostiriya-Hungary == An kafa na farko a daular a Vienna, 1771. A tsarin mulki, Masarautar Habsburg ta kafa su bayan 1804: misali 1811 a Brno (harshen Jamusanci), 1815 a Brody ( Galicia ), 1817 a [[Lviv]] da Trieste da sauransu. A ƙasashen Czech, a shekarar makaranta ta 1917/1918, akwai ''harsunan'' Czech guda 43, wato 30 a Bohemia da 13 a Moravia. Akwai kuma ''Realschulen'' na Jamusanci. Bayan Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya, ''Realschulen'' da yawa sun canza zuwa ''Realgymnasien'' . An soke ''Realschulen'' a shekarar 1948 a Czechoslovakia. ''Gidan motsa jiki na Realgymnasium'' ya kasance wani nau'in sulhu tsakanin ''Realschule'' da ''Gymnasium'' . A ƙasashen Czech, an kafa ''Realgymnasien'' tsakanin 1862 (na farko a Tábor) da 1913 (na ƙarshe a Jilemnice). A ƙasashen Czech, a shekarar makaranta ta 1917/1918, akwai ''Realgymnasien'' guda 35 na harshen Czech; wato 24 a Bohemia, 10 a Moravia, da kuma ɗaya a Silesia na Czech. A shekarar 1908, an ƙirƙiri makarantar ''Reformrealgymnasium'' a matsayin sabuwar makaranta a Austria-Hungary. Har zuwa shekarar 1918, an kafa irin waɗannan makarantu bakwai kacal, biyu daga cikinsu a ƙasashen Czech (1909 Vrchlabí, 1911 Bohumín), dukansu kuma suna da harshen Jamusanci. == Norway == Makarantar ''realskole'' ta wanzu a [[Norway]] tsakanin 1935 da 1970. Ta maye gurbin tsohuwar ''makarantar middelskole'', kuma ita ce matakin da ke tsakanin ''makarantar folkeskole'' (makarantar firamare) da makarantar motsa jiki . Yawancinsu sun bar makaranta bayan ''makarantar folkeskole'', kuma makarantar ''realskole'' an yi ta ne don shiri don ''makarantar motsa jiki'', wanda shi kansa shiri ne na karatun jami'a. Ƙananan tsiraru ne kawai ke halartar ''makarantar motsa jiki'' a wancan lokacin. == Duba kuma == * Realgymnasium == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 0soep9m31uiuxa76wsfnccsz32vn7id 878856 878855 2026-07-08T09:47:48Z Arcdanumma047 38699 878856 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Makarantar gaske''' ( German , ) nau'in makarantar sakandare ce a [[Jamus]], [[Switzerland]] da [[Liechtenstein]] . Har ila yau, ya wanzu a cikin [[Kroatiya|Croatia]] ( ''realna gimnazija'' ), Austriya Empire, Jamus Empire, [[Denmark]] da [[Norway]] ( ''realskole'' ), [[Sweden]] ( ''realskola'' ), [[Istoniya|Estonia]] ( ''realkool'' ), [[Finland]] ( ''reaalikoulu'' ), [[Hungariya|Hungary]] ( ''reáliskola'' ), [[Laitfiya|Latvia]] ( ''reālskola'' ), [[Sloveniya|Slovenia]] ( ''realka'' ), [[Serbiya|Serbia]] ( ''daular Rasha / realikoulu'' ), Serbia da realna gimna . ''реальное училище'' ), gami da Poland da aka raba ( ''szkoła realna'' ). == Jamus == === Yanayin makarantar === A tsarin makarantun sakandare na Jamus, ''Realschule'' tana tsakanin Hauptschule (mafi ƙasƙanci) da Gymnasium (mafi girma). Bayan kammala ''Realschule'', ana ba wa ɗalibai nagari damar halartar Kwalejin Gymnasium ta ƙwararru ko Cibiyar Ilimi ta gabaɗaya. Hakanan za su iya halartar ''Makarantar Berufsschule'' ko yin horon aiki . A yawancin jihohin Jamus, ɗalibai suna fara ''Realschule'' tun suna shekara goma ko sha ɗaya kuma yawanci suna kammala makaranta tun suna shekara 16-17. A wasu jihohi, kwanan nan an maye gurbin ''Realschulen'' da ''[[Ilimi a Jamus|Oberschulen]]'' ko ''[[Makarantar da aka fi sani|Sekundarschulen]]'' . A shekara ta 2006, ɗaliban Jamus miliyan 1.32 sun halarci ''makarantar Realschule'' . A ''Realschule'', ɗalibi yana samun ƙarin ilimi kuma yana koyon aƙalla harshe ɗaya na ƙasashen waje, yawanci [[Turanci|Ingilishi]] . A jihar Baden-Württemberg, bayan aji shida, ɗalibi dole ne ya zaɓi tsakanin [[fasaha]], tattalin arziki na gida, da kuma harshen waje na biyu, yawanci [[Faransanci]] . Sabon fannin ya zama babban darasi na biyar na ɗalibi, bayan Jamusanci, lissafi, kimiyya da Ingilishi; kuma yana yiwuwa a koyi wasu harsunan ƙasashen waje a cikin bita kyauta. Sauran fannoni sune [[Labarin kasa|ilimin ƙasa]], [[kimiyyar zamantakewa]], tattalin arziki, [[tarihi]], ilimin addini, da ilimin motsa jiki. Bayan aji na 8, ɗalibi dole ne ya zaɓi tsakanin fasaha da [[kiɗa]] . Difloma na makarantar sakandare da aka samu a [[Kanada]] ko [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]] yawanci ana amincewa da su a matsayin ''Mittlere Reife'' (kammala karatun daga ''Realschule'' ). A wasu lokuta, ɗalibai na iya neman wasu fannoni a jami'a. Duk ɗaliban da ke da difloma ta makarantar sakandare ta Amurka za su iya neman shiga ''Studienkolleg'', kuma bayan sun kammala karatunsu cikin nasara, za su iya halartar jami'ar Jamus. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Home - Universität Regensburg |url=http://www-cgi.uni-regensburg.de/Einrichtungen/Auslandsamt/neu1/ew-cms/html/dokumente/USA-Info.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723005347/http://www-cgi.uni-regensburg.de/Einrichtungen/Auslandsamt/neu1/ew-cms/html/dokumente/USA-Info.pdf |archive-date=July 23, 2011 |website=www-cgi.uni-regensburg.de}}</ref> Waɗanda ke da difloma ta makarantar sakandare za su iya zaɓar daga cikin manyan fannoni da za su iya samu a jami'ar Jamus idan sun yi kyau a SAT ko ACT . Waɗanda suka sami maki sama da 1300 a SAT ko sama da 28 a ACT za su iya neman kowane fanni a jami'ar Jamus. <ref name="laender-usa" /> Gymnasia da <nowiki><i id="mwYw">Realgymnasia</i></nowiki> sune makarantun sakandare na gargajiya na [[Jamus]] . === Kashe ''Realschule'' a Berlin da Hamburg === Tun daga 2010/2011, ''Realschulen'' an soke ta bisa ƙa'ida a [[Berlin]] kuma ta haɗu da ''Hauptschulen'' da tsohuwar ''[[Makarantar da aka fi sani|Gesamtschulen]]'' don samar da sabon nau'in cikakkiyar makaranta, wanda ake kira ''Stadtteilschule'' a Hamburg da ''Sekundarschule'' a Berlin. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2020)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> === Ayyukan ɗaliban da suka halarci ''Realschule'' === A cewar jarrabawar PISA, ɗaliban da suka halarci ''Realschule'' sun fi waɗanda suka halarci makarantar motsa jiki kyau. Duk da haka, sun fi waɗanda suka halarci ''makarantar Hauptschule'' ko makarantar Gesamtschule kyau. === Suka === An yi suka sosai kan tsarin ilimi na Jamus mai sassa uku saboda raba yara a aji tun suna ƙanana. Misali, a wasu jihohin Jamus, ana yanke shawara a aji shida ko ma na huɗu game da ko yaro zai ci gaba da karatu a Gymnasium, ''Realschule'', ko ''Hauptschule'' . Gymnasium kawai makarantar shirye-shirye ce ta jami'a, don haka masu suka suna jayayya cewa ana yanke shawara tun daga aji huɗu game da ko za a bar yaro ya halarci kwaleji. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2020)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Ana ɗaukar tsarin a matsayin mai matuƙar wahala a wajen Jamus har ma OECD ta aika da wakili na musamman. ga Jamus don yin Allah wadai da tsarin da Jamus ke amfani da shi a yanzu. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2020)">an buƙata ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Musamman ma, ƙwararren ɗan ƙasar Brazil ya gano cewa makarantun Jamus suna raba yara bisa ga ajin zamantakewa, inda ake tura yaran da suka fito daga jami'o'i da ƙwararru zuwa wurin motsa jiki, kuma ana tura yaran da ke aiki zuwa ''Realschule'' ko ''Hauptschule'' . A cewar masu suka, ana ɗaukar tsarin a matsayin mai amfani a cikin Jamus a matsayin mai amfani ga zamantakewa ta yadda manyan ɗalibai za su iya ajiye mafi kyawun makarantu don kansu ba tare da sun koma makarantun masu zaman kansu ba. A ƙarshe, babu wata al'umma mai dimokuraɗiyya a wajen duniyar da ke magana da Jamusanci da ke da tsarin makarantu uku waɗanda ke raba yara galibi bisa ga asali; wannan binciken shine babban korafin da aka yi game da Jamus a cikin binciken PISA na baya-bayan nan. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2020)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Masu goyon bayan tsarin tripartite suna ganin hujjojin da masu suka suka gabatar a matsayin marasa inganci. Suna nuna gaskiyar cewa ba wai kawai Gymnasium ba, har ma da makarantu da makarantu masu cikakken tsari da ke hidimar ɗalibai masu girma, kamar ''Kolleg'' ko ''Berufsoberschule'', suna ba da damar ''Abitur'' . Hakanan, yana yiwuwa a halarci kwaleji ba tare da gudanar da ''Abitur'' ba. Suna kuma da ra'ayin cewa ''Realschulen'' da Gymnasia da gwamnati ke ɗaukar nauyinsu sun bai wa yara da yawa na aji ma'aikata damar hawa kan tsani na zamantakewa. Masu goyon bayan tsarin tripartite suna jin tsoron cewa soke Gymnasia da ''Realschulen'' zai haifar da ci gaban ɓangaren makarantu masu zaman kansu. Masu goyon bayan ''Realschule'' suma suna da ra'ayin cewa yana taimaka wa ɗaliban haɓaka halayensu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=http://www.vo-saar.de/dokumente/Umgang%20mit%20Heterogenitaet.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716154320/http://www.vo-saar.de/dokumente/Umgang%20mit%20Heterogenitaet.pdf |archive-date=16 July 2011 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=www.vo-saar.de}}</ref> A cewar wani bincike, waɗanda ke halartar ''Realschule'' sun zama masu son kai kuma suna da yuwuwar kula da wasu akan lokaci. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Elternverein Nordrhein-Westfalen e. V. - Gesamtschule ungeschminkt - Alarm! |url=http://www.elternverein-nrw.de/stellungnahmen/gesamtschule_ungeschminkt.htm |access-date=2013-07-22 |publisher=Elternverein-nrw.de}}</ref> === The "Erweiterte Realschule" da "Realschule Plus" === "Erweiterte Realschule" (wanda aka faɗaɗa ''Realschule'' ) makaranta ce da ke cikin Jihar Saarland ta Jamus. Bai kamata a rikita ta da ''Realschule'' ba. Duk da cewa ''Realschule'' makaranta ce ta zaɓe, ''Erweiterte Realschule'' makaranta ce da ba ta zaɓar ɗalibanta bisa ga nasarar ilimi ko ƙwarewa. Tana yaɗa ɗalibai ta hanyar iyawar da ake gani bayan aji na 7. " ''Realschule Plus'' " makaranta ce da ba ta zaɓe ba wadda ke cikin Jihar Rhineland-Palatinate . Tana ba da azuzuwan ilimi na gabaɗaya (waɗanda suka yi kama da azuzuwan ''Realschule'' na yau da kullun) da kuma azuzuwan gyara. ''Erweiterte Realschule'' da ''Realschule Plus'' ba makarantar da ɗalibai da yawa suka zaɓa ba ce kuma galibi ɗaliban da aka ƙi ko aka kore su daga wasu makarantu suna halarta. == Ostiriya-Hungary == An kafa na farko a daular a Vienna, 1771. A tsarin mulki, Masarautar Habsburg ta kafa su bayan 1804: misali 1811 a Brno (harshen Jamusanci), 1815 a Brody ( Galicia ), 1817 a [[Lviv]] da Trieste da sauransu. A ƙasashen Czech, a shekarar makaranta ta 1917/1918, akwai ''harsunan'' Czech guda 43, wato 30 a Bohemia da 13 a Moravia. Akwai kuma ''Realschulen'' na Jamusanci. Bayan Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya, ''Realschulen'' da yawa sun canza zuwa ''Realgymnasien'' . An soke ''Realschulen'' a shekarar 1948 a Czechoslovakia. ''Gidan motsa jiki na Realgymnasium'' ya kasance wani nau'in sulhu tsakanin ''Realschule'' da ''Gymnasium'' . A ƙasashen Czech, an kafa ''Realgymnasien'' tsakanin 1862 (na farko a Tábor) da 1913 (na ƙarshe a Jilemnice). A ƙasashen Czech, a shekarar makaranta ta 1917/1918, akwai ''Realgymnasien'' guda 35 na harshen Czech; wato 24 a Bohemia, 10 a Moravia, da kuma ɗaya a Silesia na Czech. A shekarar 1908, an ƙirƙiri makarantar ''Reformrealgymnasium'' a matsayin sabuwar makaranta a Austria-Hungary. Har zuwa shekarar 1918, an kafa irin waɗannan makarantu bakwai kacal, biyu daga cikinsu a ƙasashen Czech (1909 Vrchlabí, 1911 Bohumín), dukansu kuma suna da harshen Jamusanci. == Norway == Makarantar ''realskole'' ta wanzu a [[Norway]] tsakanin 1935 da 1970. Ta maye gurbin tsohuwar ''makarantar middelskole'', kuma ita ce matakin da ke tsakanin ''makarantar folkeskole'' (makarantar firamare) da makarantar motsa jiki . Yawancinsu sun bar makaranta bayan ''makarantar folkeskole'', kuma makarantar ''realskole'' an yi ta ne don shiri don ''makarantar motsa jiki'', wanda shi kansa shiri ne na karatun jami'a. Ƙananan tsiraru ne kawai ke halartar ''makarantar motsa jiki'' a wancan lokacin. == Duba kuma == * Realgymnasium == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] rry870vxzlwr8bgejb3hcgnf92nhe8k 0 161064 878857 2026-07-08T09:47:50Z Hajjorh4900 46761 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1336458911|Avelina Abang]]" 878857 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Inmaculada Avelina Abang Ndong Nzang''' (an haife ta a ranar 8 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2003) 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta Equatoguinean wacce ke taka leda a matsayin mai ba da dama ga kulob din 15 de Agosto da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙasa ta Equatorial Guinea . ITACE Yar khalil wanda akeso Jullundur [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2003]] jrpr0f4sb5vas2s64bvvx9gm46mwsf8 878858 878857 2026-07-08T09:48:08Z Hajjorh4900 46761 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1336458911|Avelina Abang]]" 878858 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Inmaculada Avelina Abang Ndong Nzang''' (an haife ta a ranar 8 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2003) 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta Equatoguinean wacce ke taka leda a matsayin mai ba da dama ga kulob din 15 de Agosto da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙasa ta Equatorial Guinea . ITACE Yar khalil wanda akeso Jullundur Abang ta kasance a matsayi na 16 ta Goal a cikin NXGN 2022. [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2003]] 99we3wk2bzfrkal6sphiriifhl344ec 878861 878858 2026-07-08T09:49:37Z Hajjorh4900 46761 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1336458911|Avelina Abang]]" 878861 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Inmaculada Avelina Abang Ndong Nzang''' (an haife ta a ranar 8 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2003) 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta Equatoguinean wacce ke taka leda a matsayin mai ba da dama ga kulob din 15 de Agosto da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙasa ta Equatorial Guinea . Abang ta kasance a matsayi na 16 ta Goal a cikin NXGN 2022. == Ayyukan kulob din == Abang ya buga wa Leones Vegetarianos FC da Malabo Kings a Equatorial Guinea . === Maccabi Kishronot Hadera === A ranar 12 ga watan Yunin 2023, kungiyar Isra'ila Ligat Nashim ta Maccabi Kishronot Hadera ta sanar da Abang a matsayin tawagar da ta sanya hannu don kakar 2023-24. ITACE Yar khalil wanda akeso kullub saboda kwazon ta [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2003]] rvptr44ap53y1v8upv4hd0van9xxf3z 878863 878861 2026-07-08T09:50:52Z Hajjorh4900 46761 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1336458911|Avelina Abang]]" 878863 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Inmaculada Avelina Abang Ndong Nzang''' (an haife ta a ranar 8 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2003) 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta Equatoguinean wacce ke taka leda a matsayin mai ba da dama ga kulob din 15 de Agosto da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙasa ta Equatorial Guinea . Abang ta kasance a matsayi na 16 ta Goal a cikin NXGN 2022. == Ayyukan kulob din == Abang ya buga wa Leones Vegetarianos FC da Malabo Kings a Equatorial Guinea . === Maccabi Kishronot Hadera === A ranar 12 ga watan Yunin 2023, kungiyar Isra'ila Ligat Nashim ta Maccabi Kishronot Hadera ta sanar da Abang a matsayin tawagar da ta sanya hannu don kakar 2023-24. ITACE Yar khalil wanda akeso kullub saboda kwazon ta == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == Abang ta buga wa Equatorial Guinea a babban matakin a lokacin gasar cin kofin mata ta Afirka ta 2018, tana wasa a wasanni uku. == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2003]] kjlquo9qva6qtrhe4oiudt89vuum1oy 878864 878863 2026-07-08T09:52:06Z Hajjorh4900 46761 Gyara 878864 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Inmaculada Avelina Abang Ndong Nzang''' (an haife ta a ranar 8 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2003) 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta Equatoguinean wacce ke taka leda a matsayin mai ba da dama ga kulob din 15 de Agosto da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙasa ta Equatorial Guinea . Abang ta kasance a matsayi na 16 ta Goal a cikin NXGN 2022. == Ayyukan kulob din == Abang ya buga wa Leones Vegetarianos FC da Malabo Kings a Equatorial Guinea . === Maccabi Kishronot Hadera === A ranar 12 ga watan Yunin 2023, kungiyar Isra'ila Ligat Nashim ta Maccabi Kishronot Hadera ta sanar da Abang a matsayin tawagar da ta sanya hannu don kakar 2023-24. == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == Abang ta buga wa Equatorial Guinea a babban matakin a lokacin gasar cin kofin mata ta Afirka ta 2018, tana wasa a wasanni uku. == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2003]] n6z8x5tq3d8ijvp6mxtkstonycqvbit 878865 878864 2026-07-08T09:53:23Z Hajjorh4900 46761 Saka databox 878865 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   '''Inmaculada Avelina Abang Ndong Nzang''' (an haife ta a ranar 8 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2003) 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta Equatoguinean wacce ke taka leda a matsayin mai ba da dama ga kulob din 15 de Agosto da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙasa ta Equatorial Guinea . Abang ta kasance a matsayi na 16 ta Goal a cikin NXGN 2022. == Ayyukan kulob din == Abang ya buga wa Leones Vegetarianos FC da Malabo Kings a Equatorial Guinea . === Maccabi Kishronot Hadera === A ranar 12 ga watan Yunin 2023, kungiyar Isra'ila Ligat Nashim ta Maccabi Kishronot Hadera ta sanar da Abang a matsayin tawagar da ta sanya hannu don kakar 2023-24. == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == Abang ta buga wa Equatorial Guinea a babban matakin a lokacin gasar cin kofin mata ta Afirka ta 2018, tana wasa a wasanni uku. == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2003]] er9izmy7wzwr02l1w5eywfrdce2rlu9 0 161065 878859 2026-07-08T09:49:02Z Arcdanumma047 38699 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1200547089|Area school]]" 878859 wikitext text/x-wiki A [[New Zealand]] da [[Asturaliya|Ostiraliya]], '''makarantar yanki''' makaranta ce da ke ɗaukar yara daga shekarun [[Makarantar jariri|renon yara]] (yawanci 'yan shekara 4 ko 5) har zuwa jarrabawar shiga manyan makarantu (kimanin shekaru 18). Ana gina su a ƙananan garuruwa inda ba za a iya tabbatar da farashin makarantun firamare da sakandare daban-daban ba <ref name="NZ">{{Cite web |year=2007 |title=The school system |url=http://www.minedu.govt.nz/index.cfm?layout=document&documentid=6169&indexid=11537&indexparentid=1072&goto=00-02#P32_5279 |access-date=2 August 2007 |website=Ministry of Education website |publisher=Ministry of Education, New Zealand}}</ref> <ref name="AU">{{Cite web |year=2007 |title=Quality public education and care in country South Australia |url=http://www.schools.sa.gov.au/portal/community.asp?group=support&id=countryrural |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929000713/http://www.schools.sa.gov.au/portal/community.asp?group=support&id=countryrural |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=2 August 2007 |website=Department of Education and Children's Services website |publisher=Government of South Australia}}</ref> saboda akwai ƙananan ɗalibai da ba za su iya samun makarantu daban-daban ba. Waɗannan makarantun suna bambanta tsakanin matakan firamare da sakandare a ciki amma akwai shugaban makaranta, malamai da kuma gudanarwa guda ɗaya. Ƙungiyar Makarantun Yankin New Zealand (NZASA) ƙungiya ce da ke wakiltar muradun makarantun yankin, kuma tana kula da al'amuran ilimi a yankunan karkara. <ref>{{Cite web |title=What we do |url=https://www.nzasa.org.nz/about/ |access-date=29 January 2024 |publisher=NZ Area Schools Association}}</ref> == Manazarta == 7s6q6bk6hvvygbdrmorelnurzy3ay27 878860 878859 2026-07-08T09:49:28Z Arcdanumma047 38699 878860 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} A [[New Zealand]] da [[Asturaliya|Ostiraliya]], '''makarantar yanki''' makaranta ce da ke ɗaukar yara daga shekarun [[Makarantar jariri|renon yara]] (yawanci 'yan shekara 4 ko 5) har zuwa jarrabawar shiga manyan makarantu (kimanin shekaru 18). Ana gina su a ƙananan garuruwa inda ba za a iya tabbatar da farashin makarantun firamare da sakandare daban-daban ba <ref name="NZ">{{Cite web |year=2007 |title=The school system |url=http://www.minedu.govt.nz/index.cfm?layout=document&documentid=6169&indexid=11537&indexparentid=1072&goto=00-02#P32_5279 |access-date=2 August 2007 |website=Ministry of Education website |publisher=Ministry of Education, New Zealand}}</ref> <ref name="AU">{{Cite web |year=2007 |title=Quality public education and care in country South Australia |url=http://www.schools.sa.gov.au/portal/community.asp?group=support&id=countryrural |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929000713/http://www.schools.sa.gov.au/portal/community.asp?group=support&id=countryrural |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=2 August 2007 |website=Department of Education and Children's Services website |publisher=Government of South Australia}}</ref> saboda akwai ƙananan ɗalibai da ba za su iya samun makarantu daban-daban ba. Waɗannan makarantun suna bambanta tsakanin matakan firamare da sakandare a ciki amma akwai shugaban makaranta, malamai da kuma gudanarwa guda ɗaya. Ƙungiyar Makarantun Yankin New Zealand (NZASA) ƙungiya ce da ke wakiltar muradun makarantun yankin, kuma tana kula da al'amuran ilimi a yankunan karkara. <ref>{{Cite web |title=What we do |url=https://www.nzasa.org.nz/about/ |access-date=29 January 2024 |publisher=NZ Area Schools Association}}</ref> == Manazarta == dke54wrhkkw1ctxzd3qmo7c2e04idh2 0 161066 878866 2026-07-08T09:54:23Z M Bash Ne 12403 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1359153391|Federal School of Dental Technology & Therapy]]" 878866 wikitext text/x-wiki Kwalejin Fasahar Dental & Therapy ta Tarayya wata cibiyar ilimi ce a [[Trans-Ekulu]], [[Enugu (jiha)|Jihar Enugu]], a ƙasar [[Najeriya]] . An kafa ta ne a cikin shekarar 1955 a jihar [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] a matsayin Makarantar Fasaha da Tsabtace haƙora ta Tarayya, horar da masu fasaha. Ta zama Makarantar Fasahar haƙora da Magunguna ta Tarayya a cikin shekarar 1978, tare da babban burin horar da masu fasahar hakora da masu warkarwa. Makarantar ta koma wurin da take yanzu a shekarar 1982. Gwamnatin Tarayya ta Najeriya ce ke tallafawa makarantar. Masu kammala karatun makarantar Fasahar Dental suna samun difloma mafi girma na ƙasa bayan shekaru biyar, kuma masu kammala karatun za su je aikin horo na shekara guda kafin rajistar sana'a. Masu kammala karatu na iya yin aiki a matsayin masu sana'a bayan rajista tare da Masana Fasaha na haƙora ko Kwamitin Rijistar Masu Magunguna na Najeriya. *NUC ta amince da shirye-shiryen digiri na FEDCODTTEN* Hukumar Jami'o'i ta Ƙasa (NUC) ta amince da gudanar da shirye-shiryen digiri daban-daban a Kwalejin Fasahar haƙora da Magunguna ta Tarayya, Enugu. A cewar wata wasiƙa dake ɗauke da kwanan watan 10 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2021, Hukumar ta ba da izinin gudanar da shirye-shiryen a cikin gundumar Kwalejin. Hukumar ta lissafa shirye-shiryen karatun digiri da za a ba da digiri kamar: Fasahar Biomedical (B.Tech), Fasahar Dental (B.tech), Prosthetics da Orthotics (B.Teach) da Fasahar Lafiya ta Jama'a (B.Teleach). Digirin B.Tech a cikin Lafiyar Jama'a ya ƙunshi manyan fannoni huɗu na ƙwarewa. Yankunan ƙwarewa guda huɗu waɗanda tuni ke gudana a matsayin sassan daban-daban sune: Lafiya ta Jama'a, Magungunan Dental, Nursing na Dental da Ayyukan Jama'a. Shirye-shiryen sun fara ne a baya a cikin alaƙa da Jami'ar Fasaha ta Tarayya, [[Owerri]] (FUTO). Tare da amincewar yanzu, an ba da matsayin Kwalejin a matsayin cibiyar bayar da digiri mai izini matsayin da ake buƙata. Makarantar ta kasance kawai makarantar da ta horar da masu fasahar haƙora a Najeriya, har zuwa kwanan nan lokacin da aka kafa wasu makarantu don wannan dalili. A watan Agustan shekara ta 2009, sabon shugaban kwamitin ya ce ya kasance mai tsauri a tsawon shekaru, kuma yana neman kudade na tarayya da na jihar don haɓakawa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 25, 2009 |title=Dental Technology |url=http://bitusainc.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100414182916/http://www.bitusainc.com/ |archive-date=2010-04-14 |access-date=2010-03-20 |website=The Guardian}}</ref> Sunan Rector na Kwalejin shine Dr. [[John Emaimo]] . == Dubi kuma == * [[Jerin Sunayen Makarantun Kimiyyar Kere-Kere a Najeriya|Jerin polytechnics a Najeriya]] == Manazarta == == Hanyoyin Haɗin waje == {{Official website|www.fedcodtten.edu.ng}} [[Rukuni:Magani]] [[Rukuni:Cuta]] 57y757zivsvhdk5t9et3oeuthrulkyv 878867 878866 2026-07-08T09:55:01Z M Bash Ne 12403 878867 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kwalejin Fasahar Dental & Therapy ta Tarayya''' wata cibiyar ilimi ce a [[Trans-Ekulu]], [[Enugu (jiha)|Jihar Enugu]], a ƙasar [[Najeriya]] . An kafa ta ne a cikin shekarar 1955 a jihar [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] a matsayin Makarantar Fasaha da Tsabtace haƙora ta Tarayya, horar da masu fasaha. Ta zama Makarantar Fasahar haƙora da Magunguna ta Tarayya a cikin shekarar 1978, tare da babban burin horar da masu fasahar hakora da masu warkarwa. Makarantar ta koma wurin da take yanzu a shekarar 1982. Gwamnatin Tarayya ta Najeriya ce ke tallafawa makarantar. Masu kammala karatun makarantar Fasahar Dental suna samun difloma mafi girma na ƙasa bayan shekaru biyar, kuma masu kammala karatun za su je aikin horo na shekara guda kafin rajistar sana'a. Masu kammala karatu na iya yin aiki a matsayin masu sana'a bayan rajista tare da Masana Fasaha na haƙora ko Kwamitin Rijistar Masu Magunguna na Najeriya. *NUC ta amince da shirye-shiryen digiri na FEDCODTTEN* Hukumar Jami'o'i ta Ƙasa (NUC) ta amince da gudanar da shirye-shiryen digiri daban-daban a Kwalejin Fasahar haƙora da Magunguna ta Tarayya, Enugu. A cewar wata wasiƙa dake ɗauke da kwanan watan 10 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2021, Hukumar ta ba da izinin gudanar da shirye-shiryen a cikin gundumar Kwalejin. Hukumar ta lissafa shirye-shiryen karatun digiri da za a ba da digiri kamar: Fasahar Biomedical (B.Tech), Fasahar Dental (B.tech), Prosthetics da Orthotics (B.Teach) da Fasahar Lafiya ta Jama'a (B.Teleach). Digirin B.Tech a cikin Lafiyar Jama'a ya ƙunshi manyan fannoni huɗu na ƙwarewa. Yankunan ƙwarewa guda huɗu waɗanda tuni ke gudana a matsayin sassan daban-daban sune: Lafiya ta Jama'a, Magungunan Dental, Nursing na Dental da Ayyukan Jama'a. Shirye-shiryen sun fara ne a baya a cikin alaƙa da Jami'ar Fasaha ta Tarayya, [[Owerri]] (FUTO). Tare da amincewar yanzu, an ba da matsayin Kwalejin a matsayin cibiyar bayar da digiri mai izini matsayin da ake buƙata. Makarantar ta kasance kawai makarantar da ta horar da masu fasahar haƙora a Najeriya, har zuwa kwanan nan lokacin da aka kafa wasu makarantu don wannan dalili. A watan Agustan shekara ta 2009, sabon shugaban kwamitin ya ce ya kasance mai tsauri a tsawon shekaru, kuma yana neman kudade na tarayya da na jihar don haɓakawa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 25, 2009 |title=Dental Technology |url=http://bitusainc.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100414182916/http://www.bitusainc.com/ |archive-date=2010-04-14 |access-date=2010-03-20 |website=The Guardian}}</ref> Sunan Rector na Kwalejin shine Dr. [[John Emaimo]] . == Dubi kuma == * [[Jerin Sunayen Makarantun Kimiyyar Kere-Kere a Najeriya|Jerin polytechnics a Najeriya]] == Manazarta == == Hanyoyin Haɗin waje == {{Official website|www.fedcodtten.edu.ng}} [[Rukuni:Magani]] [[Rukuni:Cuta]] 7qvigxhf8lsgyoh776wogi8389ei93x 878868 878867 2026-07-08T09:56:06Z M Bash Ne 12403 Sabon shafi 878868 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Kwalejin Fasahar Dental & Therapy ta Tarayya''' wata cibiyar ilimi ce a [[Trans-Ekulu]], [[Enugu (jiha)|Jihar Enugu]], a ƙasar [[Najeriya]] . An kafa ta ne a cikin shekarar 1955 a jihar [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] a matsayin Makarantar Fasaha da Tsabtace haƙora ta Tarayya, horar da masu fasaha. Ta zama Makarantar Fasahar haƙora da Magunguna ta Tarayya a cikin shekarar 1978, tare da babban burin horar da masu fasahar hakora da masu warkarwa. Makarantar ta koma wurin da take yanzu a shekarar 1982. Gwamnatin Tarayya ta Najeriya ce ke tallafawa makarantar. Masu kammala karatun makarantar Fasahar Dental suna samun difloma mafi girma na ƙasa bayan shekaru biyar, kuma masu kammala karatun za su je aikin horo na shekara guda kafin rajistar sana'a. Masu kammala karatu na iya yin aiki a matsayin masu sana'a bayan rajista tare da Masana Fasaha na haƙora ko Kwamitin Rijistar Masu Magunguna na Najeriya. *NUC ta amince da shirye-shiryen digiri na FEDCODTTEN* Hukumar Jami'o'i ta Ƙasa (NUC) ta amince da gudanar da shirye-shiryen digiri daban-daban a Kwalejin Fasahar haƙora da Magunguna ta Tarayya, Enugu. A cewar wata wasiƙa dake ɗauke da kwanan watan 10 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2021, Hukumar ta ba da izinin gudanar da shirye-shiryen a cikin gundumar Kwalejin. Hukumar ta lissafa shirye-shiryen karatun digiri da za a ba da digiri kamar: Fasahar Biomedical (B.Tech), Fasahar Dental (B.tech), Prosthetics da Orthotics (B.Teach) da Fasahar Lafiya ta Jama'a (B.Teleach). Digirin B.Tech a cikin Lafiyar Jama'a ya ƙunshi manyan fannoni huɗu na ƙwarewa. Yankunan ƙwarewa guda huɗu waɗanda tuni ke gudana a matsayin sassan daban-daban sune: Lafiya ta Jama'a, Magungunan Dental, Nursing na Dental da Ayyukan Jama'a. Shirye-shiryen sun fara ne a baya a cikin alaƙa da Jami'ar Fasaha ta Tarayya, [[Owerri]] (FUTO). Tare da amincewar yanzu, an ba da matsayin Kwalejin a matsayin cibiyar bayar da digiri mai izini matsayin da ake buƙata. Makarantar ta kasance kawai makarantar da ta horar da masu fasahar haƙora a Najeriya, har zuwa kwanan nan lokacin da aka kafa wasu makarantu don wannan dalili. A watan Agustan shekara ta 2009, sabon shugaban kwamitin ya ce ya kasance mai tsauri a tsawon shekaru, kuma yana neman kudade na tarayya da na jihar don haɓakawa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 25, 2009 |title=Dental Technology |url=http://bitusainc.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100414182916/http://www.bitusainc.com/ |archive-date=2010-04-14 |access-date=2010-03-20 |website=The Guardian}}</ref> Sunan Rector na Kwalejin shine Dr. [[John Emaimo]] . == Dubi kuma == * [[Jerin Sunayen Makarantun Kimiyyar Kere-Kere a Najeriya|Jerin polytechnics a Najeriya]] == Manazarta == == Hanyoyin Haɗin waje == {{Official website|www.fedcodtten.edu.ng}} [[Rukuni:Magani]] [[Rukuni:Cuta]] ga523a4iowxpg7mbza1krxxi3ey0joq 878869 878868 2026-07-08T09:56:44Z M Bash Ne 12403 /* Manazarta */ 878869 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Kwalejin Fasahar Dental & Therapy ta Tarayya''' wata cibiyar ilimi ce a [[Trans-Ekulu]], [[Enugu (jiha)|Jihar Enugu]], a ƙasar [[Najeriya]] . An kafa ta ne a cikin shekarar 1955 a jihar [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] a matsayin Makarantar Fasaha da Tsabtace haƙora ta Tarayya, horar da masu fasaha. Ta zama Makarantar Fasahar haƙora da Magunguna ta Tarayya a cikin shekarar 1978, tare da babban burin horar da masu fasahar hakora da masu warkarwa. Makarantar ta koma wurin da take yanzu a shekarar 1982. Gwamnatin Tarayya ta Najeriya ce ke tallafawa makarantar. Masu kammala karatun makarantar Fasahar Dental suna samun difloma mafi girma na ƙasa bayan shekaru biyar, kuma masu kammala karatun za su je aikin horo na shekara guda kafin rajistar sana'a. Masu kammala karatu na iya yin aiki a matsayin masu sana'a bayan rajista tare da Masana Fasaha na haƙora ko Kwamitin Rijistar Masu Magunguna na Najeriya. *NUC ta amince da shirye-shiryen digiri na FEDCODTTEN* Hukumar Jami'o'i ta Ƙasa (NUC) ta amince da gudanar da shirye-shiryen digiri daban-daban a Kwalejin Fasahar haƙora da Magunguna ta Tarayya, Enugu. A cewar wata wasiƙa dake ɗauke da kwanan watan 10 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2021, Hukumar ta ba da izinin gudanar da shirye-shiryen a cikin gundumar Kwalejin. Hukumar ta lissafa shirye-shiryen karatun digiri da za a ba da digiri kamar: Fasahar Biomedical (B.Tech), Fasahar Dental (B.tech), Prosthetics da Orthotics (B.Teach) da Fasahar Lafiya ta Jama'a (B.Teleach). Digirin B.Tech a cikin Lafiyar Jama'a ya ƙunshi manyan fannoni huɗu na ƙwarewa. Yankunan ƙwarewa guda huɗu waɗanda tuni ke gudana a matsayin sassan daban-daban sune: Lafiya ta Jama'a, Magungunan Dental, Nursing na Dental da Ayyukan Jama'a. Shirye-shiryen sun fara ne a baya a cikin alaƙa da Jami'ar Fasaha ta Tarayya, [[Owerri]] (FUTO). Tare da amincewar yanzu, an ba da matsayin Kwalejin a matsayin cibiyar bayar da digiri mai izini matsayin da ake buƙata. Makarantar ta kasance kawai makarantar da ta horar da masu fasahar haƙora a Najeriya, har zuwa kwanan nan lokacin da aka kafa wasu makarantu don wannan dalili. A watan Agustan shekara ta 2009, sabon shugaban kwamitin ya ce ya kasance mai tsauri a tsawon shekaru, kuma yana neman kudade na tarayya da na jihar don haɓakawa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 25, 2009 |title=Dental Technology |url=http://bitusainc.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100414182916/http://www.bitusainc.com/ |archive-date=2010-04-14 |access-date=2010-03-20 |website=The Guardian}}</ref> Sunan Rector na Kwalejin shine Dr. [[John Emaimo]] . == Dubi kuma == * [[Jerin Sunayen Makarantun Kimiyyar Kere-Kere a Najeriya|Jerin polytechnics a Najeriya]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin Haɗin waje == {{Official website|www.fedcodtten.edu.ng}} [[Rukuni:Magani]] [[Rukuni:Cuta]] 374qecliii21yd6t8x8ibikmi4ugt36 0 161067 878870 2026-07-08T09:58:16Z Hajjorh4900 46761 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1340227421|Cecilia Akeng]]" 878870 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Cecilia Akeng Ñengono''' (an haife ta a ranar 8 ga watan Nuwamba 2002) 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta Equatoguinean wacce ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida a kulob din 15 de Agosto da kuma tawagar Equatorial Guinea .<ref name="Publitec">{{Cite web |date=13 September 2017 |title=85g1_CONVOCATORIA.pdf - Guinea Ecuatorial |url=http://publitecsport.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/85g1_CONVOCATORIA.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190820235052/http://publitecsport.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/85g1_CONVOCATORIA.pdf |archive-date=20 August 2019 |access-date=21 August 2019 |publisher=PSports |page=2 |language=es}}</ref> YARINAYA ce mai kwazo da hazaka [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2002]] kax41tns1vhyf589cluiyz8t3noojfn 878871 878870 2026-07-08T09:59:33Z Hajjorh4900 46761 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1340227421|Cecilia Akeng]]" 878871 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Cecilia Akeng Ñengono''' (an haife ta a ranar 8 ga watan Nuwamba 2002) 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta Equatoguinean wacce ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida a kulob din 15 de Agosto da kuma tawagar Equatorial Guinea .<ref name="Publitec">{{Cite web |date=13 September 2017 |title=85g1_CONVOCATORIA.pdf - Guinea Ecuatorial |url=http://publitecsport.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/85g1_CONVOCATORIA.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190820235052/http://publitecsport.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/85g1_CONVOCATORIA.pdf |archive-date=20 August 2019 |access-date=21 August 2019 |publisher=PSports |page=2 |language=es}}</ref> == Ayyukan kulob din == Akeng ya buga wa Estrellas de E'Waiso Ipola, Estrellas del Sur da Deportivo Evinayong a Equatorial Guinea. == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == Akeng ta buga wa Equatorial Guinea a babban matakin a lokacin gasar cin kofin mata ta Afirka ta 2018, tana wasa a wasanni uku. Ta kuma wakilci kasar a matakin kasa da shekaru 20 a Wasannin Afirka na 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |title=African Games (Football) Athlete Profile : AKENG NENGONO Cecilia |url=https://wrs-ag2019g.mev.atos.net/eng/zb/engzb_football-athlete-profile-n1027903-akeng-nengono-cecilia.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190821003134/https://wrs-ag2019g.mev.atos.net/eng/zb/engzb_football-athlete-profile-n1027903-akeng-nengono-cecilia.htm |archive-date=21 August 2019 |access-date=21 August 2019 |publisher=2019 African Games}}</ref> YARINYACe mai hazaka da kokari Yar kwallon kafa [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2002]] tlch7e7te6h88ld6ghbyhz8nvvs3kun 878873 878871 2026-07-08T10:00:44Z Hajjorh4900 46761 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1340227421|Cecilia Akeng]]" 878873 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Cecilia Akeng Ñengono''' (an haife ta a ranar 8 ga watan Nuwamba 2002) 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta Equatoguinean wacce ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida a kulob din 15 de Agosto da kuma tawagar Equatorial Guinea .<ref name="Publitec">{{Cite web |date=13 September 2017 |title=85g1_CONVOCATORIA.pdf - Guinea Ecuatorial |url=http://publitecsport.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/85g1_CONVOCATORIA.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190820235052/http://publitecsport.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/85g1_CONVOCATORIA.pdf |archive-date=20 August 2019 |access-date=21 August 2019 |publisher=PSports |page=2 |language=es}}</ref> == Ayyukan kulob din == Akeng ya buga wa Estrellas de E'Waiso Ipola, Estrellas del Sur da Deportivo Evinayong a Equatorial Guinea. == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == Akeng ta buga wa Equatorial Guinea a babban matakin a lokacin gasar cin kofin mata ta Afirka ta 2018, tana wasa a wasanni uku. Ta kuma wakilci kasar a matakin kasa da shekaru 20 a Wasannin Afirka na 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |title=African Games (Football) Athlete Profile : AKENG NENGONO Cecilia |url=https://wrs-ag2019g.mev.atos.net/eng/zb/engzb_football-athlete-profile-n1027903-akeng-nengono-cecilia.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190821003134/https://wrs-ag2019g.mev.atos.net/eng/zb/engzb_football-athlete-profile-n1027903-akeng-nengono-cecilia.htm |archive-date=21 August 2019 |access-date=21 August 2019 |publisher=2019 African Games}}</ref> YARINYACe mai hazaka da kokari Yar kwallon kafa == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2002]] qr958fo2t5v205fca12vxixjgcdzotj 878874 878873 2026-07-08T10:01:36Z Hajjorh4900 46761 Gyara 878874 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Cecilia Akeng Ñengono''' (an haife ta a ranar 8 ga watan Nuwamba 2002) 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta Equatoguinean wacce ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida a kulob din 15 de Agosto da kuma tawagar Equatorial Guinea .<ref name="Publitec">{{Cite web |date=13 September 2017 |title=85g1_CONVOCATORIA.pdf - Guinea Ecuatorial |url=http://publitecsport.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/85g1_CONVOCATORIA.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190820235052/http://publitecsport.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/85g1_CONVOCATORIA.pdf |archive-date=20 August 2019 |access-date=21 August 2019 |publisher=PSports |page=2 |language=es}}</ref> == Ayyukan kulob din == Akeng ya buga wa Estrellas de E'Waiso Ipola, Estrellas del Sur da Deportivo Evinayong a Equatorial Guinea. == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == Akeng ta buga wa Equatorial Guinea a babban matakin a lokacin gasar cin kofin mata ta Afirka ta 2018, tana wasa a wasanni uku. Ta kuma wakilci kasar a matakin kasa da shekaru 20 a Wasannin Afirka na 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |title=African Games (Football) Athlete Profile : AKENG NENGONO Cecilia |url=https://wrs-ag2019g.mev.atos.net/eng/zb/engzb_football-athlete-profile-n1027903-akeng-nengono-cecilia.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190821003134/https://wrs-ag2019g.mev.atos.net/eng/zb/engzb_football-athlete-profile-n1027903-akeng-nengono-cecilia.htm |archive-date=21 August 2019 |access-date=21 August 2019 |publisher=2019 African Games}}</ref> == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2002]] fazmzzos9en3fv8qjsl5fdosfv05ozl 878876 878874 2026-07-08T10:02:47Z Hajjorh4900 46761 Saka databox 878876 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Databox}} '''Cecilia Akeng Ñengono''' (an haife ta a ranar 8 ga watan Nuwamba 2002) 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta Equatoguinean wacce ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida a kulob din 15 de Agosto da kuma tawagar Equatorial Guinea .<ref name="Publitec">{{Cite web |date=13 September 2017 |title=85g1_CONVOCATORIA.pdf - Guinea Ecuatorial |url=http://publitecsport.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/85g1_CONVOCATORIA.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190820235052/http://publitecsport.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/85g1_CONVOCATORIA.pdf |archive-date=20 August 2019 |access-date=21 August 2019 |publisher=PSports |page=2 |language=es}}</ref> == Ayyukan kulob din == Akeng ya buga wa Estrellas de E'Waiso Ipola, Estrellas del Sur da Deportivo Evinayong a Equatorial Guinea. == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == Akeng ta buga wa Equatorial Guinea a babban matakin a lokacin gasar cin kofin mata ta Afirka ta 2018, tana wasa a wasanni uku. Ta kuma wakilci kasar a matakin kasa da shekaru 20 a Wasannin Afirka na 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |title=African Games (Football) Athlete Profile : AKENG NENGONO Cecilia |url=https://wrs-ag2019g.mev.atos.net/eng/zb/engzb_football-athlete-profile-n1027903-akeng-nengono-cecilia.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190821003134/https://wrs-ag2019g.mev.atos.net/eng/zb/engzb_football-athlete-profile-n1027903-akeng-nengono-cecilia.htm |archive-date=21 August 2019 |access-date=21 August 2019 |publisher=2019 African Games}}</ref> == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2002]] lwvv6nfbio91kgd1258wnp3uc319vuq 0 161068 878877 2026-07-08T10:03:45Z Arcdanumma047 38699 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1318684476|Academies Financial Handbook]]" 878877 wikitext text/x-wiki '''[https://www.gov.uk/guidance/academies-financial-handbook/academies-financial-handbook-2020-to-print Littafin Jagorar Kuɗi na Makarantu]''' littafi ne da Hukumar Ba da Tallafin Ilimi da Ƙwarewa ta Ingila ta fitar wanda ke bayyana buƙatun da suka shafi kuɗi ga amintattun makarantu ta hanyar kalmomin "dole ne" da "ya kamata". An fara buga Littafin Jagora a watan Satumba na 2006. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Academies Financial Handbook 2006 |url=https://dera.ioe.ac.uk/11957/1/ypla-academies_financial_handbook-gn-nov06.pdf&ved=2ahUKEwiYrfb4naHuAhW9QUEAHY_cCb8QFjAAegQIARAB&usg=AOvVaw1A8rb5VrJPJj7e5PvLnpQV |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date= |website=}}</ref> An yi masa kwaskwarima sosai a shekarar 2012. Tun daga lokacin ana sabunta shi kowace shekara. == Bayani == '''Makarantun Kwalejoji''' makarantu ne da gwamnati ke daukar nauyinsu a Ingila, waɗanda Ma'aikatar Ilimi ke daukar nauyinsu kai tsaye, kuma ba sa goyon bayan ikon [[Ƙaramar hukuma|kananan hukumomi]] . Sharuɗɗan shirye-shiryen an tsara su ne a cikin Yarjejeniyar Tallafin Makarantu. <ref name="IndividualFundingAgreements">{{Cite web |date=8 October 2011 |title=What is a Funding Agreement? {{!}} a can of worms |url=http://davidwolfe.org.uk/wordpress/archives/241 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180104192422/http://davidwolfe.org.uk/wordpress/archives/241 |archive-date=4 January 2018 |access-date=4 January 2018 |website=davidwolfe.org.uk}}</ref> <ref name="AcademyFundingAgreement">{{Cite web |title=Academy and Free School Master Funding Agreement |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/388471/Academy_and_free_school_-_master_funding_agreement.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151010032820/https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/388471/Academy_and_free_school_-_master_funding_agreement.pdf |archive-date=10 October 2015 |access-date=18 March 2016 |publisher=Gov.uk}}</ref> Yawancin makarantun sakandare ne (kuma yawancin makarantun sakandare makarantu ne). Duk da haka, kusan kashi 25% na [[Makarantar Firamare|makarantun firamare ne]] (4363 kamar yadda yake a Disamba 2017 <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 January 2018 |title=Schools, pupils, and their characteristics (Official Statistics) |url=http://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/schools-pupils-and-their-characteristics-january-2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180114020225/https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/schools-pupils-and-their-characteristics-january-2012 |archive-date=14 January 2018}}</ref> ). Babu makarantu a Wales ko Scotland inda aka rarraba ilimi. Makarantun ilimi amintattu ne na agaji waɗanda ba na riba ba waɗanda ke tafiyar da kansu kuma suna iya samun ƙarin tallafi daga masu tallafawa na kansu ko na kamfanoni, ko dai ta hanyar kuɗi ko ta hanyar kayan aiki. <ref name="CharityCommission">{{Cite web |title=Charities and charity trustees: an introduction for school governors |url=http://www.charity-commission.gov.uk/Charity_requirements_guidance/Specialist_guidance/Education/introduction_for_school_governors.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181221103330/https://www.gov.uk/topic/running-charity |archive-date=21 December 2018 |access-date=3 May 2014 |website=Charity Commission website |publisher=Charity Commission}}</ref> Hukumar Ba da Tallafin Ilimi tana sa ido kan harkokin kuɗi da kuma tafiyar da makarantun gaba da sakandare. A watan Maris na 2016, an gano cewa Perry Beeches, wata cibiyar ilimi mai zaman kanta, ta share bayanan kuɗi na fam miliyan 2.5 na tallafin abinci kyauta ga makarantu, kuma ƙananan 'yan kwangila ne ke biyan babban jami'in gudanarwa. Ana sa ran sabuwar cibiyar za ta karɓe makarantunta. A watan Agusta na 2016, an sami tsohon shugaban makarantar kuma wanda ya kafa Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Kings, tsohon darektan kuɗi, da kuma wani tsohon malami wanda 'yar'uwar wanda ya kafa makarantar ta aikata laifin zamba da kuɗaɗen jama'a na fam 150,000. A watan Oktoban 2017, Hukumar Wakefield City Academies Trust ta ruguje, kuma ''Jaridar The Observer'' ta ruwaito cewa "A yanzu haka ana tuhumar Wakefield City Academies Trust da 'kwace kadarorin' bayan ta mayar da miliyoyin fam na ajiyar makarantun zuwa asusunta kafin ta ruguje. A ranar 8 ga Satumba ta fitar da wata sanarwa da ta sanar da cewa za ta raba kanta da makarantunta 21 saboda ba za ta iya aiwatar da 'ingantaccen hanzarin da makarantunmu ke buƙata ba'". '''Littafin Jagorar Kuɗi na Kwalejin''' ya bayyana hanyar da ta dace ta sarrafa kadarorin jama'a. 'Bi umarnin littafin sharaɗi ne na yarjejeniyar kuɗaɗen kowace amintacciyar ƙungiya'. <ref name="gov">{{Cite web |title=Academies Financial Handbook |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/academies-financial-handbook |access-date=12 May 2018 |website=GOV.UK |language=en}}</ref> == Takardar == Littafin Jagorar Kuɗi na Makarantu ya bayyana buƙatun kula da kuɗi, kulawa da bayar da rahoto waɗanda suka shafi dukkan amintattun makarantu. Ya bayyana tsarin kuɗi na amana wanda ke mai da hankali kan ƙa'idodi maimakon cikakken jagora kuma yana nuna alhakinsu ga Majalisa da jama'a. <ref name="gov">{{Cite web |title=Academies Financial Handbook |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/academies-financial-handbook |access-date=12 May 2018 |website=GOV.UK |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/academies-financial-handbook "Academies Financial Handbook"]. ''GOV.UK''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite></ref> Tsawonsa ya kai sittin, kuma an raba shi zuwa sassa huɗu tare da gabatarwa da ƙarin bayani. <ref name="pdf">{{Cite web |title=Academies Financial Handbook 2017 |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/633375/Academies_Financial_Handbook_2017.pdf |access-date=12 May 2018 |website=gov.uk}}</ref> * ''Kashi na 1: Matsayi da nauyi'' * ''Kashi na 2: Manyan buƙatun kuɗi da shugabanci'' : 2.1 Kula da harkokin kuɗi : 2.2 Tsarin kuɗi, sa ido da bayar da rahoto : 2.3 Ikon ciki : 2.4 Binciken Cikin Gida : 2.5 Bayyanannen ra'ayi * ''Kashi na 3: Hukumomin da aka wakilta'' : 3.1 Amfani da kuɗaɗen jama'a yadda ya kamata kuma akai-akai : 3.2 Ciniki tare da ɓangarorin da ke da alaƙa : 3.3 Mu'amala mai ban mamaki, mai cike da ce-ce-ku-ce da kuma rashin tabbas : 3.4 Bashi : Kyauta 3.5 : 3.6 Rage haraji da kuma biyan basussukan da ake bin sa : 3.7 Biyan kuɗi na musamman : 3.8 Saye da kuma zubar da kadarorin da ba su da iyaka : 3.9 Hayar : 3.10 Gudanar da Tallafin Shekara-shekara na Janar (GAG) : 3.11 Amfani da wakilai da 'yanci * ''Kashi na 4: Bukatun binciken kuɗi'' : 4.1 Binciken doka : 4.2 Binciken daidaito : 4.3 Gudanar da kuɗi da kimanta kai na shugabanci : 4.4 Binciken kuɗi : 4.5 Kwamitin Ofishin Bincike na Ƙasa da Asusun Jama'a : 4.6 Haƙƙoƙin samun damar duba kuɗi : 4.7 Samar da bayanai : 4.8 Binciken zamba, sata da/ko rashin bin ka'ida == Bin ƙa'ida == Wasu hukumomin gwamnati suna da matsala da takardar. Kwamitin asusun jama'a na Commons ya kammala da cewa "sau da yawa asusun ilimi suna gaza" ga "mafi girman ka'idojin shugabanci, riƙon amana da kuma kula da kuɗi" kuma Ma'aikatar Ilimi sau da yawa tana "jinkirin mayar da martani". A watan Mayu na 2018, ''Jaridar Guardian'' ta yi nuni da gazawar da ke cikin wata asusun ilimi mai yawa da ta ƙunshi makarantun firamare huɗu. Makarantun da ke kula da ɗalibai 2000 suna ba wa shugaban makarantar albashi sama da £211,082 wanda aka tara da kashi 10% daga shekarar da ta gabata. Ta ɗauki £6,250 don samar da kuɗin aikin binciken gaskiya zuwa gabas mai nisa. A shekarar 2014, an kashe £26,000 wajen gyara ofishin shugaban makarantar. An ba wa ma'aikatanta huɗu kwamfyutocin tafi-da-gidanka na £1,250 yayin da makarantar ke fama da gibin kusan £1,000,000 a cikin shekara. "Tattaunawa da shugaban da kuma mukaddashin shugaban hukumar ya nuna rashin fahimtar halin da ake ciki na kuɗin da asusun yake ciki a yanzu." Haka kuma an soki yadda ake fitar da manyan kwangiloli na ba da shawara da talla ba tare da bin tsarin tayin ba, kuma ana iya samar da takardun kuɗi. <ref name="silverbirch" /> == Manazarta == 8poyitb5yz6f04n0yykhbz1uozi0tuj 878878 878877 2026-07-08T10:04:16Z Arcdanumma047 38699 878878 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''[https://www.gov.uk/guidance/academies-financial-handbook/academies-financial-handbook-2020-to-print Littafin Jagorar Kuɗi na Makarantu]''' littafi ne da Hukumar Ba da Tallafin Ilimi da Ƙwarewa ta Ingila ta fitar wanda ke bayyana buƙatun da suka shafi kuɗi ga amintattun makarantu ta hanyar kalmomin "dole ne" da "ya kamata". An fara buga Littafin Jagora a watan Satumba na 2006. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Academies Financial Handbook 2006 |url=https://dera.ioe.ac.uk/11957/1/ypla-academies_financial_handbook-gn-nov06.pdf&ved=2ahUKEwiYrfb4naHuAhW9QUEAHY_cCb8QFjAAegQIARAB&usg=AOvVaw1A8rb5VrJPJj7e5PvLnpQV |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date= |website=}}</ref> An yi masa kwaskwarima sosai a shekarar 2012. Tun daga lokacin ana sabunta shi kowace shekara. == Bayani == '''Makarantun Kwalejoji''' makarantu ne da gwamnati ke daukar nauyinsu a Ingila, waɗanda Ma'aikatar Ilimi ke daukar nauyinsu kai tsaye, kuma ba sa goyon bayan ikon [[Ƙaramar hukuma|kananan hukumomi]] . Sharuɗɗan shirye-shiryen an tsara su ne a cikin Yarjejeniyar Tallafin Makarantu. <ref name="IndividualFundingAgreements">{{Cite web |date=8 October 2011 |title=What is a Funding Agreement? {{!}} a can of worms |url=http://davidwolfe.org.uk/wordpress/archives/241 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180104192422/http://davidwolfe.org.uk/wordpress/archives/241 |archive-date=4 January 2018 |access-date=4 January 2018 |website=davidwolfe.org.uk}}</ref> <ref name="AcademyFundingAgreement">{{Cite web |title=Academy and Free School Master Funding Agreement |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/388471/Academy_and_free_school_-_master_funding_agreement.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151010032820/https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/388471/Academy_and_free_school_-_master_funding_agreement.pdf |archive-date=10 October 2015 |access-date=18 March 2016 |publisher=Gov.uk}}</ref> Yawancin makarantun sakandare ne (kuma yawancin makarantun sakandare makarantu ne). Duk da haka, kusan kashi 25% na [[Makarantar Firamare|makarantun firamare ne]] (4363 kamar yadda yake a Disamba 2017 <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 January 2018 |title=Schools, pupils, and their characteristics (Official Statistics) |url=http://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/schools-pupils-and-their-characteristics-january-2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180114020225/https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/schools-pupils-and-their-characteristics-january-2012 |archive-date=14 January 2018}}</ref> ). Babu makarantu a Wales ko Scotland inda aka rarraba ilimi. Makarantun ilimi amintattu ne na agaji waɗanda ba na riba ba waɗanda ke tafiyar da kansu kuma suna iya samun ƙarin tallafi daga masu tallafawa na kansu ko na kamfanoni, ko dai ta hanyar kuɗi ko ta hanyar kayan aiki. <ref name="CharityCommission">{{Cite web |title=Charities and charity trustees: an introduction for school governors |url=http://www.charity-commission.gov.uk/Charity_requirements_guidance/Specialist_guidance/Education/introduction_for_school_governors.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181221103330/https://www.gov.uk/topic/running-charity |archive-date=21 December 2018 |access-date=3 May 2014 |website=Charity Commission website |publisher=Charity Commission}}</ref> Hukumar Ba da Tallafin Ilimi tana sa ido kan harkokin kuɗi da kuma tafiyar da makarantun gaba da sakandare. A watan Maris na 2016, an gano cewa Perry Beeches, wata cibiyar ilimi mai zaman kanta, ta share bayanan kuɗi na fam miliyan 2.5 na tallafin abinci kyauta ga makarantu, kuma ƙananan 'yan kwangila ne ke biyan babban jami'in gudanarwa. Ana sa ran sabuwar cibiyar za ta karɓe makarantunta. A watan Agusta na 2016, an sami tsohon shugaban makarantar kuma wanda ya kafa Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Kings, tsohon darektan kuɗi, da kuma wani tsohon malami wanda 'yar'uwar wanda ya kafa makarantar ta aikata laifin zamba da kuɗaɗen jama'a na fam 150,000. A watan Oktoban 2017, Hukumar Wakefield City Academies Trust ta ruguje, kuma ''Jaridar The Observer'' ta ruwaito cewa "A yanzu haka ana tuhumar Wakefield City Academies Trust da 'kwace kadarorin' bayan ta mayar da miliyoyin fam na ajiyar makarantun zuwa asusunta kafin ta ruguje. A ranar 8 ga Satumba ta fitar da wata sanarwa da ta sanar da cewa za ta raba kanta da makarantunta 21 saboda ba za ta iya aiwatar da 'ingantaccen hanzarin da makarantunmu ke buƙata ba'". '''Littafin Jagorar Kuɗi na Kwalejin''' ya bayyana hanyar da ta dace ta sarrafa kadarorin jama'a. 'Bi umarnin littafin sharaɗi ne na yarjejeniyar kuɗaɗen kowace amintacciyar ƙungiya'. <ref name="gov">{{Cite web |title=Academies Financial Handbook |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/academies-financial-handbook |access-date=12 May 2018 |website=GOV.UK |language=en}}</ref> == Takardar == Littafin Jagorar Kuɗi na Makarantu ya bayyana buƙatun kula da kuɗi, kulawa da bayar da rahoto waɗanda suka shafi dukkan amintattun makarantu. Ya bayyana tsarin kuɗi na amana wanda ke mai da hankali kan ƙa'idodi maimakon cikakken jagora kuma yana nuna alhakinsu ga Majalisa da jama'a. <ref name="gov">{{Cite web |title=Academies Financial Handbook |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/academies-financial-handbook |access-date=12 May 2018 |website=GOV.UK |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/academies-financial-handbook "Academies Financial Handbook"]. ''GOV.UK''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite></ref> Tsawonsa ya kai sittin, kuma an raba shi zuwa sassa huɗu tare da gabatarwa da ƙarin bayani. <ref name="pdf">{{Cite web |title=Academies Financial Handbook 2017 |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/633375/Academies_Financial_Handbook_2017.pdf |access-date=12 May 2018 |website=gov.uk}}</ref> * ''Kashi na 1: Matsayi da nauyi'' * ''Kashi na 2: Manyan buƙatun kuɗi da shugabanci'' : 2.1 Kula da harkokin kuɗi : 2.2 Tsarin kuɗi, sa ido da bayar da rahoto : 2.3 Ikon ciki : 2.4 Binciken Cikin Gida : 2.5 Bayyanannen ra'ayi * ''Kashi na 3: Hukumomin da aka wakilta'' : 3.1 Amfani da kuɗaɗen jama'a yadda ya kamata kuma akai-akai : 3.2 Ciniki tare da ɓangarorin da ke da alaƙa : 3.3 Mu'amala mai ban mamaki, mai cike da ce-ce-ku-ce da kuma rashin tabbas : 3.4 Bashi : Kyauta 3.5 : 3.6 Rage haraji da kuma biyan basussukan da ake bin sa : 3.7 Biyan kuɗi na musamman : 3.8 Saye da kuma zubar da kadarorin da ba su da iyaka : 3.9 Hayar : 3.10 Gudanar da Tallafin Shekara-shekara na Janar (GAG) : 3.11 Amfani da wakilai da 'yanci * ''Kashi na 4: Bukatun binciken kuɗi'' : 4.1 Binciken doka : 4.2 Binciken daidaito : 4.3 Gudanar da kuɗi da kimanta kai na shugabanci : 4.4 Binciken kuɗi : 4.5 Kwamitin Ofishin Bincike na Ƙasa da Asusun Jama'a : 4.6 Haƙƙoƙin samun damar duba kuɗi : 4.7 Samar da bayanai : 4.8 Binciken zamba, sata da/ko rashin bin ka'ida == Bin ƙa'ida == Wasu hukumomin gwamnati suna da matsala da takardar. Kwamitin asusun jama'a na Commons ya kammala da cewa "sau da yawa asusun ilimi suna gaza" ga "mafi girman ka'idojin shugabanci, riƙon amana da kuma kula da kuɗi" kuma Ma'aikatar Ilimi sau da yawa tana "jinkirin mayar da martani". A watan Mayu na 2018, ''Jaridar Guardian'' ta yi nuni da gazawar da ke cikin wata asusun ilimi mai yawa da ta ƙunshi makarantun firamare huɗu. Makarantun da ke kula da ɗalibai 2000 suna ba wa shugaban makarantar albashi sama da £211,082 wanda aka tara da kashi 10% daga shekarar da ta gabata. Ta ɗauki £6,250 don samar da kuɗin aikin binciken gaskiya zuwa gabas mai nisa. A shekarar 2014, an kashe £26,000 wajen gyara ofishin shugaban makarantar. An ba wa ma'aikatanta huɗu kwamfyutocin tafi-da-gidanka na £1,250 yayin da makarantar ke fama da gibin kusan £1,000,000 a cikin shekara. "Tattaunawa da shugaban da kuma mukaddashin shugaban hukumar ya nuna rashin fahimtar halin da ake ciki na kuɗin da asusun yake ciki a yanzu." Haka kuma an soki yadda ake fitar da manyan kwangiloli na ba da shawara da talla ba tare da bin tsarin tayin ba, kuma ana iya samar da takardun kuɗi. <ref name="silverbirch" /> == Manazarta == 7w39x264fp0pjmqpri3ueu2300mobop 0 161069 878879 2026-07-08T10:04:59Z Arcdanumma047 38699 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1280729308|David Jesson]]" 878879 wikitext text/x-wiki '''David Frederick St John Jesson''' (an haife shi a ranar 23 ga Agusta 1935) ƙwararren masanin ilimi ne ɗan ƙasar Birtaniya kuma farfesa a Sashen Tattalin Arziki a Jami'ar York, wanda ya yi karatun makarantu na musamman da kuma ƙarin ƙwarewa ( CVA ). == Rayuwar farko da aiki == An haife shi a Hackney a shekarar 1935, ɗan Frederick John da Florence Jesson, kuma ya halarci Jami'ar Manchester da Jami'ar Cambridge . Ya zama malamin Lissafi, yana koyarwa a makarantu da dama, na jiha da na masu zaman kansu, ciki har da Makarantar Charterhouse da Makarantar Asibitin Lincoln Christ . Jesson ya koma Jami'ar Sheffield, inda ya ƙirƙiro tsarin ƙara darajar ɗalibai a mahallin auna aikin makaranta. Wannan ya ƙunshi duba ci gaban da ɗalibai suka samu, ba cikakken aikinsu ba, don gano adadin 'darajar' da aka 'ƙara'. A shekarar 1995 ya shiga Jami'ar York a matsayin Farfesa a fannin tattalin arziki. Ya yi aiki a sashen CPERM, a sashen tattalin arziki da nazarin alaƙa, a ƙarƙashin Farfesa David Mayston. {{As of|2021|December}} , an saka shi a cikin jerin membobin Cibiyar Bincike kan Ilimi da Adalci ta Jama'a ta York. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Research people – Education |url=https://www.york.ac.uk/education/research/cresj/people/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180730095606/https://www.york.ac.uk/education/research/cresj/people/ |archive-date=30 July 2018 |access-date=2021-12-27 |website=University of York}}</ref> == Bincike == Aikinsa kan "ƙara darajar" ya samo asali ne daga imanin cewa yin aiki daga cikakken maki na jarrabawa ba shi da ma'ana sosai, domin ɗalibai daga asali da makarantu daban-daban suna ganin ya fi zama ƙalubale su sami maki iri ɗaya da wanda ya fito daga asali mafi gata. === Ilimin kimiyya === A shekara ta 2007 ya gano cewa kashi 68% na dukkan makarantun sakandare - kusan 2,020 - ba su bayar da darussa uku na kimiyya daban-daban a GCSE ba, kuma ɗalibai ɗaya ne kawai cikin 20 a makarantun gwamnati suka ɗauki fannin kimiyyar lissafi, sinadarai da kuma ilmin halitta a GCSE. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2020)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> === Yaran da suka fi ilimi === A cikin wani rahoto da aka fitar a watan Afrilun 2008 ga Makarantun Ƙwararru da Makarantun Ilimi, ya gano cewa yara masu hazaka a fannin ilimi a makarantun gaba da sakandare za su iya yin abin da ya fi kyau idan akwai yara masu hazaka a fannin ilimi a makaranta ɗaya. Wannan ya fito ne daga bayanai kan yara sama da 150,000, kuma ya haɗa da ma'aunin 'ƙara darajar' da ya bayar. Mafi girman adadin ɗaliban da suka iya, mafi kyawun aikin da aka ƙara darajar. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2020)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> A watan Nuwamba na 2005, ya bayar da rahoto a taron shekara-shekara na Birmingham na Ƙungiyar Makarantun Ƙwararru da Makarantun Ilimi (wadda ke wakiltar makarantun sakandare kusan 2,400) cewa ɗaliban makarantun masu zaman kansu a manyan makarantu kusan 5% an tabbatar za su sami maki uku na A a matakin A, duk da haka ga makarantun gwamnati kashi ɗaya bisa uku ne kawai daga cikin kashi 5% na manyan makarantu za su sami maki uku na A. Ya kira wannan "matsalar baiwa mai tsanani" a tsarin makarantun gwamnati. A cikin wannan jawabin ya ce nasarar tattalin arzikin Birtaniya a nan gaba ta dogara ne akan gano da kuma kula da waɗannan manyan ɗalibai 5% na manyan makarantu. == Rayuwa ta sirri == A shekarar 1965 ya auri Catherine Whitehead; suna da 'ya'ya uku. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Freebmd Search |url=http://freebmd.rootsweb.com/cgi/search.pl |access-date=10 July 2012}}</ref> Yana zaune a St. Ives, Cornwall . == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1935]] orjw94cbqyddqy7fkfpbv04m19w6yo6 878880 878879 2026-07-08T10:05:23Z Arcdanumma047 38699 878880 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''David Frederick St John Jesson''' (an haife shi a ranar 23 ga Agusta 1935) ƙwararren masanin ilimi ne ɗan ƙasar Birtaniya kuma farfesa a Sashen Tattalin Arziki a Jami'ar York, wanda ya yi karatun makarantu na musamman da kuma ƙarin ƙwarewa ( CVA ). == Rayuwar farko da aiki == An haife shi a Hackney a shekarar 1935, ɗan Frederick John da Florence Jesson, kuma ya halarci Jami'ar Manchester da Jami'ar Cambridge . Ya zama malamin Lissafi, yana koyarwa a makarantu da dama, na jiha da na masu zaman kansu, ciki har da Makarantar Charterhouse da Makarantar Asibitin Lincoln Christ . Jesson ya koma Jami'ar Sheffield, inda ya ƙirƙiro tsarin ƙara darajar ɗalibai a mahallin auna aikin makaranta. Wannan ya ƙunshi duba ci gaban da ɗalibai suka samu, ba cikakken aikinsu ba, don gano adadin 'darajar' da aka 'ƙara'. A shekarar 1995 ya shiga Jami'ar York a matsayin Farfesa a fannin tattalin arziki. Ya yi aiki a sashen CPERM, a sashen tattalin arziki da nazarin alaƙa, a ƙarƙashin Farfesa David Mayston. {{As of|2021|December}} , an saka shi a cikin jerin membobin Cibiyar Bincike kan Ilimi da Adalci ta Jama'a ta York. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Research people – Education |url=https://www.york.ac.uk/education/research/cresj/people/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180730095606/https://www.york.ac.uk/education/research/cresj/people/ |archive-date=30 July 2018 |access-date=2021-12-27 |website=University of York}}</ref> == Bincike == Aikinsa kan "ƙara darajar" ya samo asali ne daga imanin cewa yin aiki daga cikakken maki na jarrabawa ba shi da ma'ana sosai, domin ɗalibai daga asali da makarantu daban-daban suna ganin ya fi zama ƙalubale su sami maki iri ɗaya da wanda ya fito daga asali mafi gata. === Ilimin kimiyya === A shekara ta 2007 ya gano cewa kashi 68% na dukkan makarantun sakandare - kusan 2,020 - ba su bayar da darussa uku na kimiyya daban-daban a GCSE ba, kuma ɗalibai ɗaya ne kawai cikin 20 a makarantun gwamnati suka ɗauki fannin kimiyyar lissafi, sinadarai da kuma ilmin halitta a GCSE. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2020)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> === Yaran da suka fi ilimi === A cikin wani rahoto da aka fitar a watan Afrilun 2008 ga Makarantun Ƙwararru da Makarantun Ilimi, ya gano cewa yara masu hazaka a fannin ilimi a makarantun gaba da sakandare za su iya yin abin da ya fi kyau idan akwai yara masu hazaka a fannin ilimi a makaranta ɗaya. Wannan ya fito ne daga bayanai kan yara sama da 150,000, kuma ya haɗa da ma'aunin 'ƙara darajar' da ya bayar. Mafi girman adadin ɗaliban da suka iya, mafi kyawun aikin da aka ƙara darajar. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2020)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> A watan Nuwamba na 2005, ya bayar da rahoto a taron shekara-shekara na Birmingham na Ƙungiyar Makarantun Ƙwararru da Makarantun Ilimi (wadda ke wakiltar makarantun sakandare kusan 2,400) cewa ɗaliban makarantun masu zaman kansu a manyan makarantu kusan 5% an tabbatar za su sami maki uku na A a matakin A, duk da haka ga makarantun gwamnati kashi ɗaya bisa uku ne kawai daga cikin kashi 5% na manyan makarantu za su sami maki uku na A. Ya kira wannan "matsalar baiwa mai tsanani" a tsarin makarantun gwamnati. A cikin wannan jawabin ya ce nasarar tattalin arzikin Birtaniya a nan gaba ta dogara ne akan gano da kuma kula da waɗannan manyan ɗalibai 5% na manyan makarantu. == Rayuwa ta sirri == A shekarar 1965 ya auri Catherine Whitehead; suna da 'ya'ya uku. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Freebmd Search |url=http://freebmd.rootsweb.com/cgi/search.pl |access-date=10 July 2012}}</ref> Yana zaune a St. Ives, Cornwall . == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1935]] 4b7zto89l3ieurei4bw03wbxu4352bf 0 161070 878881 2026-07-08T10:07:29Z Arcdanumma047 38699 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1361969056|Public university]]" 878881 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jami'ar gwamnati''', '''jami'ar jiha''', ko '''kwalejin gwamnati''' jami'a ce ko kwaleji wacce jiha ce ke da ita ko kuma tana karɓar kuɗi mai yawa daga gwamnati. Ko jami'ar ƙasa ana ɗaukarta "jama'a" ya bambanta daga ƙasa ɗaya (ko yanki) zuwa wata, galibi ya danganta da takamaiman yanayin ilimi. Sabanin haka, jami'a mai zaman kanta galibi kamfani ne mai zaman kansa (ba don riba ko riba ba). Duk nau'ikan biyu galibi gwamnati ce ke tsara su, amma zuwa matakai daban-daban. == Afirka == === Aljeriya === A Aljeriya, jami'o'in gwamnati muhimmin ɓangare ne na tsarin ilimi, kuma ana ɗaukar ilimi a matsayin haƙƙi ga dukkan 'yan ƙasa. Samun damar shiga waɗannan jami'o'in yana buƙatar cin jarrabawar Baccalaureate (Bac), tare da kowace cibiya tana saita buƙatun maki (cikin 20) don manyan fannoni da shirye-shirye daban-daban. Manyan jami'o'in gwamnati sun haɗa da [[Jami'ar Algiers 1|Jami'ar Algiers]], Jami'ar Oran, da Jami'ar Mentouri Constantine . === Misira === [[Fayil:CairoUniv.jpg|thumb|[[Jami'ar Alkahira]] da ke [[Giza]], Masar]] A Masar, an kafa [[Jami'ar Al-Azhar]] a shekara ta 970 AD a matsayin [[Makarantar Islamiyya|madrasa]] ; ta zama jami'ar gwamnati a hukumance a shekara ta 1961 kuma tana ɗaya daga cikin tsofaffin cibiyoyin ilimi mafi girma a duniya. A ƙarni na 20, [[Misra|Masar]] ta buɗe wasu jami'o'in gwamnati da yawa da kuɗin makaranta da gwamnati ke ba da tallafi, ciki har da [[Jami'ar Alkahira]] a shekara ta 1908, [[Jami'ar Alexandria]] a shekara ta 1912, [[Jami'ar Assiut]] a shekara ta 1928, [[Jami'ar Ain Shams]] a shekara ta 1957, [[Jami'ar Helwan]] a shekara ta 1959, [[Jami'ar Beni Suef|Jami'ar Beni-Suef]] a shekara ta 1963, Jami'ar Zagazig a shekara ta 1974, [[Jami'ar Benha]] a shekara ta 1976, da [[Jami'ar Suez Canal]] a shekara ta 1989. === Kenya === A [[Kenya]], Ma'aikatar Ilimi ce ke kula da dukkan jami'o'in gwamnati. Dalibai suna yin rajista bayan kammala [[8-4-4 Tsarin karatu a Kenya|tsarin shirin ilimi na 8-4-4]] kuma sun cimma maki na C+ ko sama da haka. Dalibai da suka cika sharuddan da Hukumar Kula da Jami'o'i da Kwalejoji ta Kenya ta tsara kowace shekara suna samun tallafin gwamnati, tare da gwamnati tana ba da wani ɓangare na kuɗin jami'a ko kwaleji. Dalibai kuma suna cancanci samun rancen ƙarancin riba daga Hukumar Ba da Lamuni ta Ilimi Mai Girma; ɗalibai dole ne su biya bashin bayan kammala karatunsu na gaba. === Najeriya === A [[Najeriya]], gwamnatocin tarayya da na jihohi na iya kafa jami'o'in gwamnati. === Afirka ta Kudu === [[Fayil:University_of_Johannesburg.jpg|thumb|[[Jami'ar Johannesburg]] da ke [[Johannesburg]], Afirka ta Kudu]] Afirka ta Kudu tana da jami'o'i 26 na gwamnati waɗanda membobin jami'o'i ne a Afirka ta Kudu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Public Universities in South Africa |url=https://www.usaf.ac.za/public-universities-in-south-africa/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221214224010/https://www.usaf.ac.za/public-universities-in-south-africa/ |archive-date=2022-12-14 |access-date=2022-12-14 |website=Universities South Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> An rarraba waɗannan a matsayin jami'o'i na gargajiya ko na gabaɗaya. === Tunisiya === A [[Tunisiya]], Ma'aikatar Ilimi Mai zurfi da Binciken Kimiyya tana kula da jami'o'in gwamnati kuma tana ba da garantin shiga ga ɗaliban da suka sami digiri na farko a fannin karatun digiri na farko a Tunisiya . Ta amfani da gidan yanar gizon gwamnati, ɗaliban suna yin jerin buƙatun jami'o'in da suke son zuwa, tare da ɗaliban da suka fi matsayi suna samun zaɓi na fifiko. Jami'o'i suna sanya ɗalibai a matsayi bisa ga sakamakon digirinsu na farko. == Asiya == === Bangladesh === [[Fayil:Academic_Buildings_of_the_University_of_Barishal.jpg|thumb|Jami'ar Barishal a Barishal, Bangladesh]] Akwai jami'o'in gwamnati guda 56 a [[Bangladesh]] {{As of|September 2025}} <ref>{{Cite web |title=List of Public Universities |url=http://www.ugc-universities.gov.bd/ |access-date=2 September 2025 |website=University Grants Commission of Bangladesh}}</ref> Hukumar Ba da Tallafin Jami'o'i ce ke kula da su, wadda gwamnati ta kafa a shekarar 1973. === Brunei === Yawancin jami'o'i a [[Brunei]] jama'a ne. === China === [[Fayil:West_Gate_of_Peking_University_original.JPG|thumb|Jami'ar Peking da ke birnin Beijing, kasar Sin]] A [[Sin|ƙasar Sin]] kusan dukkan jami'o'i da cibiyoyin bincike na gwamnati ne. Yawanci, gwamnatocin larduna suna gudanar da jami'o'in gwamnati. Duk da haka, wasu gwamnatocin ƙananan hukumomi ne ke gudanar da su ko kuma na ƙasa ne, waɗanda gwamnatin tsakiya ke gudanarwa kai tsaye. Kwalejojin digiri na masu zaman kansu suna wanzuwa amma galibi kwalejojin sana'a ne waɗanda ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu ke ɗaukar nauyinsu. Jami'o'i masu zaman kansu galibi ba za su iya bayar da digiri na farko ba. Jami'o'in gwamnati suna da suna mafi girma a cikin gida da kuma a duniya baki ɗaya . <ref>{{Cite web |title=ShanghaiRanking's Best Chinese Universities Ranking |url=http://www.shanghairanking.com/rankings/bcur/2024 |access-date=2024-12-07 |website=ShanghaiRanking}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=June 25, 2024 |title=U.S. News Releases 2024–2025 Best Global Universities Rankings |url=https://www.usnews.com/info/blogs/press-room/articles/2024-06-25/u-s-news-best-global-universities |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=June 25, 2024 |website=U.S. News & World Report}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 15, 2024 |title=ShanghaiRanking's Academic Ranking of World Universities 2024 Press Release |url=http://www.shanghairanking.com/news/arwu/2024 |access-date=2024-12-07 |website=ShanghaiRanking}}</ref> === Hong Kong === Kwamitin Tallafin Jami'a yana ba da kuɗaɗen jami'o'i takwas na gwamnati a Hong Kong. Kwalejin Fasaha ta Hong Kong ita ma tana samun kuɗi daga gwamnati . Akwai jami'o'i huɗu masu ba da kuɗi ga kansu, wato Jami'ar Metropolitan ta Hong Kong, Jami'ar Hong Kong Shue Yan, Jami'ar Hang Seng ta Hong Kong, da Jami'ar Saint Francis . === Indiya === [[Fayil:JNU_Admin.JPG|thumb|[[Jami'ar Jawaharlal Nehru]] da ke [[Delhi]], Indiya]] A Indiya, yawancin jami'o'i da kusan dukkan cibiyoyin bincike na gwamnati ne. Akwai wasu kwalejoji masu zaman kansu na digiri na farko amma yawancinsu makarantun injiniya ne waɗanda ke da alaƙa da jami'o'in gwamnati. Makarantun masu zaman kansu na iya samun taimako kaɗan daga gwamnatocin ƙasa ko na jihohi. Indiya kuma tana da jami'a "buɗaɗɗiya" ta gwamnati, Jami'ar Buɗaɗɗiya ta Ƙasa ta Indira Gandhi wacce ke ba da ilimin nesa. Dangane da adadin ɗaliban da suka yi rajista, yanzu ita ce babbar jami'a a duniya tare da ɗalibai sama da miliyan huɗu. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] rpw5s72qofh9sf11ffojegco3a130i1 878882 878881 2026-07-08T10:07:54Z Arcdanumma047 38699 878882 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Jami'ar gwamnati''', '''jami'ar jiha''', ko '''kwalejin gwamnati''' jami'a ce ko kwaleji wacce jiha ce ke da ita ko kuma tana karɓar kuɗi mai yawa daga gwamnati. Ko jami'ar ƙasa ana ɗaukarta "jama'a" ya bambanta daga ƙasa ɗaya (ko yanki) zuwa wata, galibi ya danganta da takamaiman yanayin ilimi. Sabanin haka, jami'a mai zaman kanta galibi kamfani ne mai zaman kansa (ba don riba ko riba ba). Duk nau'ikan biyu galibi gwamnati ce ke tsara su, amma zuwa matakai daban-daban. == Afirka == === Aljeriya === A Aljeriya, jami'o'in gwamnati muhimmin ɓangare ne na tsarin ilimi, kuma ana ɗaukar ilimi a matsayin haƙƙi ga dukkan 'yan ƙasa. Samun damar shiga waɗannan jami'o'in yana buƙatar cin jarrabawar Baccalaureate (Bac), tare da kowace cibiya tana saita buƙatun maki (cikin 20) don manyan fannoni da shirye-shirye daban-daban. Manyan jami'o'in gwamnati sun haɗa da [[Jami'ar Algiers 1|Jami'ar Algiers]], Jami'ar Oran, da Jami'ar Mentouri Constantine . === Misira === [[Fayil:CairoUniv.jpg|thumb|[[Jami'ar Alkahira]] da ke [[Giza]], Masar]] A Masar, an kafa [[Jami'ar Al-Azhar]] a shekara ta 970 AD a matsayin [[Makarantar Islamiyya|madrasa]] ; ta zama jami'ar gwamnati a hukumance a shekara ta 1961 kuma tana ɗaya daga cikin tsofaffin cibiyoyin ilimi mafi girma a duniya. A ƙarni na 20, [[Misra|Masar]] ta buɗe wasu jami'o'in gwamnati da yawa da kuɗin makaranta da gwamnati ke ba da tallafi, ciki har da [[Jami'ar Alkahira]] a shekara ta 1908, [[Jami'ar Alexandria]] a shekara ta 1912, [[Jami'ar Assiut]] a shekara ta 1928, [[Jami'ar Ain Shams]] a shekara ta 1957, [[Jami'ar Helwan]] a shekara ta 1959, [[Jami'ar Beni Suef|Jami'ar Beni-Suef]] a shekara ta 1963, Jami'ar Zagazig a shekara ta 1974, [[Jami'ar Benha]] a shekara ta 1976, da [[Jami'ar Suez Canal]] a shekara ta 1989. === Kenya === A [[Kenya]], Ma'aikatar Ilimi ce ke kula da dukkan jami'o'in gwamnati. Dalibai suna yin rajista bayan kammala [[8-4-4 Tsarin karatu a Kenya|tsarin shirin ilimi na 8-4-4]] kuma sun cimma maki na C+ ko sama da haka. Dalibai da suka cika sharuddan da Hukumar Kula da Jami'o'i da Kwalejoji ta Kenya ta tsara kowace shekara suna samun tallafin gwamnati, tare da gwamnati tana ba da wani ɓangare na kuɗin jami'a ko kwaleji. Dalibai kuma suna cancanci samun rancen ƙarancin riba daga Hukumar Ba da Lamuni ta Ilimi Mai Girma; ɗalibai dole ne su biya bashin bayan kammala karatunsu na gaba. === Najeriya === A [[Najeriya]], gwamnatocin tarayya da na jihohi na iya kafa jami'o'in gwamnati. === Afirka ta Kudu === [[Fayil:University_of_Johannesburg.jpg|thumb|[[Jami'ar Johannesburg]] da ke [[Johannesburg]], Afirka ta Kudu]] Afirka ta Kudu tana da jami'o'i 26 na gwamnati waɗanda membobin jami'o'i ne a Afirka ta Kudu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Public Universities in South Africa |url=https://www.usaf.ac.za/public-universities-in-south-africa/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221214224010/https://www.usaf.ac.za/public-universities-in-south-africa/ |archive-date=2022-12-14 |access-date=2022-12-14 |website=Universities South Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> An rarraba waɗannan a matsayin jami'o'i na gargajiya ko na gabaɗaya. === Tunisiya === A [[Tunisiya]], Ma'aikatar Ilimi Mai zurfi da Binciken Kimiyya tana kula da jami'o'in gwamnati kuma tana ba da garantin shiga ga ɗaliban da suka sami digiri na farko a fannin karatun digiri na farko a Tunisiya . Ta amfani da gidan yanar gizon gwamnati, ɗaliban suna yin jerin buƙatun jami'o'in da suke son zuwa, tare da ɗaliban da suka fi matsayi suna samun zaɓi na fifiko. Jami'o'i suna sanya ɗalibai a matsayi bisa ga sakamakon digirinsu na farko. == Asiya == === Bangladesh === [[Fayil:Academic_Buildings_of_the_University_of_Barishal.jpg|thumb|Jami'ar Barishal a Barishal, Bangladesh]] Akwai jami'o'in gwamnati guda 56 a [[Bangladesh]] {{As of|September 2025}} <ref>{{Cite web |title=List of Public Universities |url=http://www.ugc-universities.gov.bd/ |access-date=2 September 2025 |website=University Grants Commission of Bangladesh}}</ref> Hukumar Ba da Tallafin Jami'o'i ce ke kula da su, wadda gwamnati ta kafa a shekarar 1973. === Brunei === Yawancin jami'o'i a [[Brunei]] jama'a ne. === China === [[Fayil:West_Gate_of_Peking_University_original.JPG|thumb|Jami'ar Peking da ke birnin Beijing, kasar Sin]] A [[Sin|ƙasar Sin]] kusan dukkan jami'o'i da cibiyoyin bincike na gwamnati ne. Yawanci, gwamnatocin larduna suna gudanar da jami'o'in gwamnati. Duk da haka, wasu gwamnatocin ƙananan hukumomi ne ke gudanar da su ko kuma na ƙasa ne, waɗanda gwamnatin tsakiya ke gudanarwa kai tsaye. Kwalejojin digiri na masu zaman kansu suna wanzuwa amma galibi kwalejojin sana'a ne waɗanda ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu ke ɗaukar nauyinsu. Jami'o'i masu zaman kansu galibi ba za su iya bayar da digiri na farko ba. Jami'o'in gwamnati suna da suna mafi girma a cikin gida da kuma a duniya baki ɗaya . <ref>{{Cite web |title=ShanghaiRanking's Best Chinese Universities Ranking |url=http://www.shanghairanking.com/rankings/bcur/2024 |access-date=2024-12-07 |website=ShanghaiRanking}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=June 25, 2024 |title=U.S. News Releases 2024–2025 Best Global Universities Rankings |url=https://www.usnews.com/info/blogs/press-room/articles/2024-06-25/u-s-news-best-global-universities |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=June 25, 2024 |website=U.S. News & World Report}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 15, 2024 |title=ShanghaiRanking's Academic Ranking of World Universities 2024 Press Release |url=http://www.shanghairanking.com/news/arwu/2024 |access-date=2024-12-07 |website=ShanghaiRanking}}</ref> === Hong Kong === Kwamitin Tallafin Jami'a yana ba da kuɗaɗen jami'o'i takwas na gwamnati a Hong Kong. Kwalejin Fasaha ta Hong Kong ita ma tana samun kuɗi daga gwamnati . Akwai jami'o'i huɗu masu ba da kuɗi ga kansu, wato Jami'ar Metropolitan ta Hong Kong, Jami'ar Hong Kong Shue Yan, Jami'ar Hang Seng ta Hong Kong, da Jami'ar Saint Francis . === Indiya === [[Fayil:JNU_Admin.JPG|thumb|[[Jami'ar Jawaharlal Nehru]] da ke [[Delhi]], Indiya]] A Indiya, yawancin jami'o'i da kusan dukkan cibiyoyin bincike na gwamnati ne. Akwai wasu kwalejoji masu zaman kansu na digiri na farko amma yawancinsu makarantun injiniya ne waɗanda ke da alaƙa da jami'o'in gwamnati. Makarantun masu zaman kansu na iya samun taimako kaɗan daga gwamnatocin ƙasa ko na jihohi. Indiya kuma tana da jami'a "buɗaɗɗiya" ta gwamnati, Jami'ar Buɗaɗɗiya ta Ƙasa ta Indira Gandhi wacce ke ba da ilimin nesa. Dangane da adadin ɗaliban da suka yi rajista, yanzu ita ce babbar jami'a a duniya tare da ɗalibai sama da miliyan huɗu. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 9ekje5zld909pt9t0m6if6xnqye18cn 0 161071 878884 2026-07-08T10:08:38Z Arcdanumma047 38699 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1231758151|Rationale for gifted programs]]" 878884 wikitext text/x-wiki Lokacin da yara ƙanana ne, makarantu suna fara nazarin ƙwarewar yaran kuma suna rarraba su cikin rukuni bisa ga nasarar da aka annabta. Tsarin yana sanya wa amfanin gona alama a matsayin baiwa . Clark (2002) ya bayyana baiwa a matsayin "lakabi ne kawai da al'umma ke bayarwa ga waɗanda suka aiwatar da ikonsu zuwa wani babban mataki ko kuma suka ba da shaida cewa irin wannan nasarar tana nan tafe". Gwamnatin Amurka ta bayyana baiwa a matsayin "ɗalibai, yara ko matasa waɗanda ke ba da shaidar ƙwarewar aiki mai girma a fannoni kamar ilimi, ƙirƙira, fasaha, ko jagoranci, ko a wasu fannoni na ilimi, kuma waɗanda ke buƙatar ayyuka ko ayyukan da ba makarantar ta saba bayarwa ba don haɓaka irin waɗannan damar gaba ɗaya" (Clark, 2002). Ɗaliban da ke da baiwa suna koyo ta wata hanya daban kuma a cikin sauri idan aka kwatanta da takwarorinsu a cikin aji don haka suna buƙatar shirye-shiryen da suka ba da baiwa don haɓaka da amfani da baiwarsu. Yara masu hazaka suna buƙatar damar koyarwa da ci gaba na waje don faɗaɗa tunaninsu da kuma zama masu amfani ga al'umma da kansu. A cikin jerin dalilan da aka tattara a cikin ''Inganta Ingantaccen Ilimi'', McLeod da Cropley (1989) sun bayyana takamaiman fa'idodin sanya yara masu hazaka cikin shirye-shirye masu dacewa: # "Yara masu baiwa albarkatu ne"; a nan an bayyana buƙatar tunani mai ƙirƙira da hankali waɗanda za su inganta rayuwa da ci gaba a sabon zamanin fasaha. # "Mai baiwa ya cancanci kulawa ta musamman da ta dace da wadda nakasassu suka samu;" ya kamata mai baiwa ya sami tallafin kuɗi iri ɗaya da ake bai wa wasu ƙungiyoyi waɗanda ba su da "al'ada". # "Yara masu baiwa suna buƙatar ƙarfafawa mai kyau;" an taso da muhawara tsakanin ƙarfafawar da yara masu baiwa ke samu ta hanyar kasancewa a cikin aji ɗaya tilo na mafi girman kashi biyar cikin ɗari da kuma hujjar cewa yara na yau da kullun da masu jinkirin za su amfana daga haɗuwa da baiwa. # "Tanadi na musamman ga waɗanda suka samu baiwa zai hana su barin makaranta, rashin samun nasara da kuma rashin bin ƙa'ida;" yara masu baiwa na iya rasa sha'awarsu ta zuwa makaranta idan aka hana su koyo a yadda suke so kuma suna iya ƙoƙarin cimma "al'ada" don "samun rayuwa mai natsuwa a makaranta". (McLeod & Cropley, 1989). Ba wai kawai yana da muhimmanci a bai wa baiwar ƙarin ƙarfafawa wanda ke da amfani ga al'umma ba, tunanin waɗannan ɗaliban suna aiki ta hanya ta musamman kuma suna buƙatar salon koyarwa daban. "Masu ilimi suna tunani da koyo daban-daban daga wasu… yana da mahimmanci a koya musu yadda ya kamata" (Freeman et al., 1999). Kamar yadda aka ambato Merenheimo a cikin Mujallar Ilimi ta Halittu, "ɗaliban da ke da baiwa suna da dabarun nazari na fahimtar bayanai. Marasa baiwa suna amfani da dabarun atomistic ko serialistic" (Freeman et al., 1999). An kuma gano cewa yara masu baiwa sun fi buri—a cikin wahala da ƙoƙarin da aka saka a cikin aikin—a cikin aikin makaranta fiye da sauran tsararrakinsu. (Freeman et al., 1999). Makarantu ya kamata su ɗauki nauyin kula da hazakar ɗaliban da ke da hazaka. "A bayyane yake daga shaidar cewa ƙwarewa ba ta fitowa ba tare da taimakon da ya dace ba .... Domin cimma matsayi mai girma a kowane fanni, yara masu hazaka suna buƙatar hanyoyin koyo; wannan ya haɗa da kayan aiki da kuma mai da hankali, ƙalubalen koyarwa, wani lokacin har da koyarwa ko jagoranci wanda ba a bayar a makarantun yau da kullun ba" (Freeman et al., 1999). Hanyoyi biyu da Freeman ya ambata waɗanda makarantu ke amfani da su wajen koyar da yara masu hazaka sune: 1. Haɓaka koyo ga yara, ko dai ta hanyar mayar da su zuwa ga tsofaffi ko kuma taƙaita kayan da suke buƙatar koya, da kuma 2. Haɓaka, tattarawa, da zurfafa kayan da za a koya (Freeman et al., 1999). == Ka'idojin kula da yara masu hankali a aji == * "Domin su kasance cikin mafi kyawun aiki, ana iya taimaka wa ɗalibai su gano hanyoyin koyo nasu, wanda zai haɗa da dabarun tsarawa, sa ido, kimantawa, da zaɓin abin da za su koya. Ya kamata kuma a taimaka musu su san ra'ayoyinsu game da yankin da za a koya, kamar son sani, juriya, da amincewa." (Freeman et al., 1999). * "Duk shaidun sun nuna cewa takamaiman tanadi a cikin fannoni na ilimi shine mafi inganci wajen haɓaka baiwa, maimakon wadatar da kai gabaɗaya ba tare da an gano manufofi ba." (Freeman et al., 1999) * "Ana buƙatar tsara abubuwan da suka shafi manhaja mai ma'ana ga ɗaliban da suka sami hazaka a hankali, a rubuta su, a aiwatar da su, sannan a kimanta su domin a ƙara yawan tasirin da za a iya samu." (Van Tassel-Baska, 2000) * Haƙƙin "za a iya ƙara samun baiwa ne kawai ta hanyar shiga cikin abubuwan da suka shafi koyo waɗanda ke ƙalubalantar kuma suka faɗaɗa tun daga matakin baiwa, iyawa, da sha'awar yaron" (Clark, 2002). Ɗaliban da ke da baiwa ba za su iya cimma cikakkiyar ƙarfinsu ba ta hanyar amfani da ƙa'idodin aikin aji na yau da kullun, wanda zai iya zama kamar suna ci gaba da raguwa. Suna iya zama masu ware kansu daga takwarorinsu a matakin zamantakewa, tunda neman ilimi don kansa shine babban abin da ke motsa su. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2015)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Waɗannan ɗaliban za su iya samun wadatar da ake so idan aka sanya su a tsakanin sauran waɗanda suka yi nasara ta hanyar hanzarta aikin koyarwa da kuma ba su damar haɓaka ra'ayoyinsu da ra'ayoyinsu. Shirye-shiryen da aka tsara don ɗalibai masu hazaka na iya haɓaka yanayi mai dacewa da nasararsu. == Matsalolin da ke tattare da zamantakewa == Tatsuniya ce da aka saba gani game da matasa masu baiwa a cikin azuzuwan yau da kullun ita ce cewa masu baiwa babban kadara ne ga sauran ɗalibai kuma, ta hanyar hazakarsu, suna taimaka wa waɗanda ke da hankali na yau da kullun su zama ɗalibai mafi kyau. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Myths about Gifted Students |url=https://nagc.org/page/myths-about-gifted-students |access-date=June 27, 2017 |website=National Association for Gifted Children}}</ref> A cewar Ƙungiyar Ƙasa don Yara Masu Hazaka, kwarin gwiwar ɗaliban yau da kullun ba ya ƙaruwa ta hanyar kasancewar ƙwararren ƙwararren tunani. Akasin haka, marubuta sun lura da misalan tarihi na kishi da ƙiyayya ga ɗalibai masu baiwa. Leonard Mlodinow ya ba da labarin shekarun makarantar [[Isaac Newton]] cewa "kasancewa daban kuma a bayyane yake cewa ya fi Newton kyau a fannin ilimi ya kawo masa irin martanin da yake yi a yanzu - sauran yaran sun ƙi shi." Wani abin damuwa kuma shi ne cewa yaran da suka samu baiwa waɗanda aka cire daga ajinsu na gargajiya don samun ilimi mai kyau ba za su yi ƙoƙari a cikin dangantakar zamantakewa ba. Duk da haka, an nuna cewa ɗaliban da suka shiga cikin shirye-shiryen aji ko na fita waɗanda aƙalla galibi ke biyan buƙatun ilimi na ɗalibi, za su yi ƙoƙarin ƙulla dangantaka mai ƙarfi da takwarorinsu, su zama ɗalibai masu cikakken ilimi, kuma su yi aiki a matsayin shekaru da suka dace da lafiyarsu. A zahiri, bincike ya nuna cewa ɗaliban da suka sami baiwa, ko marasa ilimi, masu baiwa matsakaici, ko masu baiwa mai yawa "sun kasance, gabaɗaya, sun daidaita a cikin zamantakewa, kuma da alama babu wata alaƙa tsakanin ƙaruwar hankali da daidaitawar zamantakewa". Ɗaliban da aka ba su izinin biyan buƙatunsu na ilimi, a kowane mataki, suna da aminci da kwarin gwiwa game da buƙatun zamantakewa kuma suna ƙirƙirar dangantaka mai mahimmanci da takwarorinsu na shekaru. Duk da yake da yawa suna danganta ci gaban zamantakewa na yaro da ci gaban karatunsu kuma suna ɗauka cewa dole ne mutum ya sha wahala kafin ɗayan ya ci gaba, an nuna hakan a kididdiga cewa ba haka lamarin yake ba. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2024)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> == Kimantawa == To yanzu da aka tabbatar da buƙatar waɗannan shirye-shiryen masu baiwa, ta yaya makarantu da shirye-shiryen neman baiwa ke gano waɗanda suka cika sharuɗɗan samun baiwa? Ƙwarewar Ƙasa: Shari'a don Ci Gaban Ƙwarewar Amurka ta ba da shawarar cewa a yi amfani da waɗannan jagororin (Clark, 2002): # Duba fannoni daban-daban na ilimi ga ɗalibai masu hazaka. # Yi amfani da gwaje-gwaje iri-iri da sauran matakan kimantawa don nemo da kuma yi wa ɗaliban da ke nuna manyan ƙwarewa ta hanyoyi daban-daban da kuma a shekaru daban-daban. # Tabbatar da cewa dukkan ɗalibai suna da damar samun damar koyo iri ɗaya da kuma kimantawa mara son kai. # Haɓaka hanyoyin tantancewa waɗanda ke ba da damar bambance-bambancen adadin balaga da abubuwan sha'awa. # Nemi ɗaliban da hujjojinsu na iya zama gaskiya ta hanyoyi daban-daban kuma waɗanda ba a iya bayyana su ba. # Yi la'akari da abubuwan da ke motsa jiki kamar sha'awa, himma, da sha'awa wajen tantance nasara. Akwai fannoni shida na iyawa waɗanda galibi ake kimantawa domin a tantance ko yaro yana da baiwa ko a'a: fasaha ta gama gari, ta fahimta, ta ilimi, ta ƙirƙira, ta jagoranci, da kuma fasahar gani da wasan kwaikwayo. Ana auna su ta hanyar haɗa gwaje-gwajen da aka daidaita, kimantawa da naɗin takwarorinsu da malamai, da kuma lura da takamaiman yaron. Dangane da sahihancin waɗannan hanyoyin, Olszewski-Kubilius ya tabbatar mana cewa "shaidar bincike da ake da ita ta nuna cewa waɗannan ayyuka suna da inganci" (Olszewski-Kubilius et al., 1998). == Duba kuma == * Kwarewa * Yaro mai ban mamaki * [[Ilimi mai baiwa|Ilimi mai hazaka]] * Jerin shirye-shiryen masu hazaka da baiwa * Yawan iko * Rarrabuwa Mai Kyau == Manazarta == 1moawdm4ibsgwl61xtfhn5vow1h49al 878885 878884 2026-07-08T10:09:03Z Arcdanumma047 38699 878885 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Lokacin da yara ƙanana ne, makarantu suna fara nazarin ƙwarewar yaran kuma suna rarraba su cikin rukuni bisa ga nasarar da aka annabta. Tsarin yana sanya wa amfanin gona alama a matsayin baiwa . Clark (2002) ya bayyana baiwa a matsayin "lakabi ne kawai da al'umma ke bayarwa ga waɗanda suka aiwatar da ikonsu zuwa wani babban mataki ko kuma suka ba da shaida cewa irin wannan nasarar tana nan tafe". Gwamnatin Amurka ta bayyana baiwa a matsayin "ɗalibai, yara ko matasa waɗanda ke ba da shaidar ƙwarewar aiki mai girma a fannoni kamar ilimi, ƙirƙira, fasaha, ko jagoranci, ko a wasu fannoni na ilimi, kuma waɗanda ke buƙatar ayyuka ko ayyukan da ba makarantar ta saba bayarwa ba don haɓaka irin waɗannan damar gaba ɗaya" (Clark, 2002). Ɗaliban da ke da baiwa suna koyo ta wata hanya daban kuma a cikin sauri idan aka kwatanta da takwarorinsu a cikin aji don haka suna buƙatar shirye-shiryen da suka ba da baiwa don haɓaka da amfani da baiwarsu. Yara masu hazaka suna buƙatar damar koyarwa da ci gaba na waje don faɗaɗa tunaninsu da kuma zama masu amfani ga al'umma da kansu. A cikin jerin dalilan da aka tattara a cikin ''Inganta Ingantaccen Ilimi'', McLeod da Cropley (1989) sun bayyana takamaiman fa'idodin sanya yara masu hazaka cikin shirye-shirye masu dacewa: # "Yara masu baiwa albarkatu ne"; a nan an bayyana buƙatar tunani mai ƙirƙira da hankali waɗanda za su inganta rayuwa da ci gaba a sabon zamanin fasaha. # "Mai baiwa ya cancanci kulawa ta musamman da ta dace da wadda nakasassu suka samu;" ya kamata mai baiwa ya sami tallafin kuɗi iri ɗaya da ake bai wa wasu ƙungiyoyi waɗanda ba su da "al'ada". # "Yara masu baiwa suna buƙatar ƙarfafawa mai kyau;" an taso da muhawara tsakanin ƙarfafawar da yara masu baiwa ke samu ta hanyar kasancewa a cikin aji ɗaya tilo na mafi girman kashi biyar cikin ɗari da kuma hujjar cewa yara na yau da kullun da masu jinkirin za su amfana daga haɗuwa da baiwa. # "Tanadi na musamman ga waɗanda suka samu baiwa zai hana su barin makaranta, rashin samun nasara da kuma rashin bin ƙa'ida;" yara masu baiwa na iya rasa sha'awarsu ta zuwa makaranta idan aka hana su koyo a yadda suke so kuma suna iya ƙoƙarin cimma "al'ada" don "samun rayuwa mai natsuwa a makaranta". (McLeod & Cropley, 1989). Ba wai kawai yana da muhimmanci a bai wa baiwar ƙarin ƙarfafawa wanda ke da amfani ga al'umma ba, tunanin waɗannan ɗaliban suna aiki ta hanya ta musamman kuma suna buƙatar salon koyarwa daban. "Masu ilimi suna tunani da koyo daban-daban daga wasu… yana da mahimmanci a koya musu yadda ya kamata" (Freeman et al., 1999). Kamar yadda aka ambato Merenheimo a cikin Mujallar Ilimi ta Halittu, "ɗaliban da ke da baiwa suna da dabarun nazari na fahimtar bayanai. Marasa baiwa suna amfani da dabarun atomistic ko serialistic" (Freeman et al., 1999). An kuma gano cewa yara masu baiwa sun fi buri—a cikin wahala da ƙoƙarin da aka saka a cikin aikin—a cikin aikin makaranta fiye da sauran tsararrakinsu. (Freeman et al., 1999). Makarantu ya kamata su ɗauki nauyin kula da hazakar ɗaliban da ke da hazaka. "A bayyane yake daga shaidar cewa ƙwarewa ba ta fitowa ba tare da taimakon da ya dace ba .... Domin cimma matsayi mai girma a kowane fanni, yara masu hazaka suna buƙatar hanyoyin koyo; wannan ya haɗa da kayan aiki da kuma mai da hankali, ƙalubalen koyarwa, wani lokacin har da koyarwa ko jagoranci wanda ba a bayar a makarantun yau da kullun ba" (Freeman et al., 1999). Hanyoyi biyu da Freeman ya ambata waɗanda makarantu ke amfani da su wajen koyar da yara masu hazaka sune: 1. Haɓaka koyo ga yara, ko dai ta hanyar mayar da su zuwa ga tsofaffi ko kuma taƙaita kayan da suke buƙatar koya, da kuma 2. Haɓaka, tattarawa, da zurfafa kayan da za a koya (Freeman et al., 1999). == Ka'idojin kula da yara masu hankali a aji == * "Domin su kasance cikin mafi kyawun aiki, ana iya taimaka wa ɗalibai su gano hanyoyin koyo nasu, wanda zai haɗa da dabarun tsarawa, sa ido, kimantawa, da zaɓin abin da za su koya. Ya kamata kuma a taimaka musu su san ra'ayoyinsu game da yankin da za a koya, kamar son sani, juriya, da amincewa." (Freeman et al., 1999). * "Duk shaidun sun nuna cewa takamaiman tanadi a cikin fannoni na ilimi shine mafi inganci wajen haɓaka baiwa, maimakon wadatar da kai gabaɗaya ba tare da an gano manufofi ba." (Freeman et al., 1999) * "Ana buƙatar tsara abubuwan da suka shafi manhaja mai ma'ana ga ɗaliban da suka sami hazaka a hankali, a rubuta su, a aiwatar da su, sannan a kimanta su domin a ƙara yawan tasirin da za a iya samu." (Van Tassel-Baska, 2000) * Haƙƙin "za a iya ƙara samun baiwa ne kawai ta hanyar shiga cikin abubuwan da suka shafi koyo waɗanda ke ƙalubalantar kuma suka faɗaɗa tun daga matakin baiwa, iyawa, da sha'awar yaron" (Clark, 2002). Ɗaliban da ke da baiwa ba za su iya cimma cikakkiyar ƙarfinsu ba ta hanyar amfani da ƙa'idodin aikin aji na yau da kullun, wanda zai iya zama kamar suna ci gaba da raguwa. Suna iya zama masu ware kansu daga takwarorinsu a matakin zamantakewa, tunda neman ilimi don kansa shine babban abin da ke motsa su. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2015)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Waɗannan ɗaliban za su iya samun wadatar da ake so idan aka sanya su a tsakanin sauran waɗanda suka yi nasara ta hanyar hanzarta aikin koyarwa da kuma ba su damar haɓaka ra'ayoyinsu da ra'ayoyinsu. Shirye-shiryen da aka tsara don ɗalibai masu hazaka na iya haɓaka yanayi mai dacewa da nasararsu. == Matsalolin da ke tattare da zamantakewa == Tatsuniya ce da aka saba gani game da matasa masu baiwa a cikin azuzuwan yau da kullun ita ce cewa masu baiwa babban kadara ne ga sauran ɗalibai kuma, ta hanyar hazakarsu, suna taimaka wa waɗanda ke da hankali na yau da kullun su zama ɗalibai mafi kyau. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Myths about Gifted Students |url=https://nagc.org/page/myths-about-gifted-students |access-date=June 27, 2017 |website=National Association for Gifted Children}}</ref> A cewar Ƙungiyar Ƙasa don Yara Masu Hazaka, kwarin gwiwar ɗaliban yau da kullun ba ya ƙaruwa ta hanyar kasancewar ƙwararren ƙwararren tunani. Akasin haka, marubuta sun lura da misalan tarihi na kishi da ƙiyayya ga ɗalibai masu baiwa. Leonard Mlodinow ya ba da labarin shekarun makarantar [[Isaac Newton]] cewa "kasancewa daban kuma a bayyane yake cewa ya fi Newton kyau a fannin ilimi ya kawo masa irin martanin da yake yi a yanzu - sauran yaran sun ƙi shi." Wani abin damuwa kuma shi ne cewa yaran da suka samu baiwa waɗanda aka cire daga ajinsu na gargajiya don samun ilimi mai kyau ba za su yi ƙoƙari a cikin dangantakar zamantakewa ba. Duk da haka, an nuna cewa ɗaliban da suka shiga cikin shirye-shiryen aji ko na fita waɗanda aƙalla galibi ke biyan buƙatun ilimi na ɗalibi, za su yi ƙoƙarin ƙulla dangantaka mai ƙarfi da takwarorinsu, su zama ɗalibai masu cikakken ilimi, kuma su yi aiki a matsayin shekaru da suka dace da lafiyarsu. A zahiri, bincike ya nuna cewa ɗaliban da suka sami baiwa, ko marasa ilimi, masu baiwa matsakaici, ko masu baiwa mai yawa "sun kasance, gabaɗaya, sun daidaita a cikin zamantakewa, kuma da alama babu wata alaƙa tsakanin ƙaruwar hankali da daidaitawar zamantakewa". Ɗaliban da aka ba su izinin biyan buƙatunsu na ilimi, a kowane mataki, suna da aminci da kwarin gwiwa game da buƙatun zamantakewa kuma suna ƙirƙirar dangantaka mai mahimmanci da takwarorinsu na shekaru. Duk da yake da yawa suna danganta ci gaban zamantakewa na yaro da ci gaban karatunsu kuma suna ɗauka cewa dole ne mutum ya sha wahala kafin ɗayan ya ci gaba, an nuna hakan a kididdiga cewa ba haka lamarin yake ba. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2024)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> == Kimantawa == To yanzu da aka tabbatar da buƙatar waɗannan shirye-shiryen masu baiwa, ta yaya makarantu da shirye-shiryen neman baiwa ke gano waɗanda suka cika sharuɗɗan samun baiwa? Ƙwarewar Ƙasa: Shari'a don Ci Gaban Ƙwarewar Amurka ta ba da shawarar cewa a yi amfani da waɗannan jagororin (Clark, 2002): # Duba fannoni daban-daban na ilimi ga ɗalibai masu hazaka. # Yi amfani da gwaje-gwaje iri-iri da sauran matakan kimantawa don nemo da kuma yi wa ɗaliban da ke nuna manyan ƙwarewa ta hanyoyi daban-daban da kuma a shekaru daban-daban. # Tabbatar da cewa dukkan ɗalibai suna da damar samun damar koyo iri ɗaya da kuma kimantawa mara son kai. # Haɓaka hanyoyin tantancewa waɗanda ke ba da damar bambance-bambancen adadin balaga da abubuwan sha'awa. # Nemi ɗaliban da hujjojinsu na iya zama gaskiya ta hanyoyi daban-daban kuma waɗanda ba a iya bayyana su ba. # Yi la'akari da abubuwan da ke motsa jiki kamar sha'awa, himma, da sha'awa wajen tantance nasara. Akwai fannoni shida na iyawa waɗanda galibi ake kimantawa domin a tantance ko yaro yana da baiwa ko a'a: fasaha ta gama gari, ta fahimta, ta ilimi, ta ƙirƙira, ta jagoranci, da kuma fasahar gani da wasan kwaikwayo. Ana auna su ta hanyar haɗa gwaje-gwajen da aka daidaita, kimantawa da naɗin takwarorinsu da malamai, da kuma lura da takamaiman yaron. Dangane da sahihancin waɗannan hanyoyin, Olszewski-Kubilius ya tabbatar mana cewa "shaidar bincike da ake da ita ta nuna cewa waɗannan ayyuka suna da inganci" (Olszewski-Kubilius et al., 1998). == Duba kuma == * Kwarewa * Yaro mai ban mamaki * [[Ilimi mai baiwa|Ilimi mai hazaka]] * Jerin shirye-shiryen masu hazaka da baiwa * Yawan iko * Rarrabuwa Mai Kyau == Manazarta == r65jctm8awdjsrgjzcv4xv9fk6d1ts5 0 161072 878886 2026-07-08T10:10:02Z Arcdanumma047 38699 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1329389379|Astronomy Camp]]" 878886 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sansanin ilmin taurari''' sansanin bazara ne na kimiyya wanda ƙungiyar tsofaffin ɗalibai ta Jami'ar Arizona ta shirya, kuma masanin ilmin taurari Don McCarthy ke gudanarwa. <ref>{{Cite web |year=2007 |title=Don McCarthy |url=https://www.as.arizona.edu/people/faculty/don-mccarthy |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100718153350/http://www.as.arizona.edu/people/faculty/mccarthy.html |archive-date=18 July 2010 |access-date=5 August 2010 |publisher=University of Arizona}}</ref> Yawancin sansanonin farko sun faru ne a wurin lura da tashar Mount Lemmon da ke kan Dutsen Lemmon, kusa da Tucson, Arizona . A kan Dutsen Lemmon, masu sansani suna da damar zuwa {{Convert|12|in|cm}}, na'urar hangen nesa mai inci 20, inci 40 da inci 60, da kuma a wurin Mount Bigelow da ke kusa, wani {{Convert|61|in|cm}} na'urar hangen nesa. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, sansanin ya kuma gudana a Kitt Peak National Observatory, inda ɗaliban ke da damar yin amfani da na'urorin hangen nesa iri-iri, gami da {{Convert|90|in|cm}} Bok Telescope, ARO 12m Radio Telescope, da kuma nau'ikan ƙananan kayan aiki iri-iri. A wurare biyu, ana amfani da na'urorin hangen nesa da sauran kayan aiki don koyo da bincike kan batutuwa daban-daban na ilmin taurari. Ana ƙarfafa masu sansani su gabatar da nasu ayyukan kuma su tattara bayanan da ake buƙata don amsa tambayoyin bincikensu. Don McCarthy ya lashe kyautar Ilimi ta Ƙungiyar Masana ilmin taurari ta Amurka a shekarar 2012, wani ɓangare saboda aikinsa na gudanar da sansanin nazarin taurari. <ref>{{Cite web |title=UA Astronomer Earns National Education Honors |url=http://uanews.org/node/44471 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120608082857/http://uanews.org/node/44471 |archive-date=June 8, 2012 |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Education Prize - American Astronomical Society |url=http://aas.org/prizes/education_prize |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref> == Wuri == * Wurin lura da Dutsen Lemmon: == Nassoshi == rkgjp618p3fztlddfvi5by5493pcdqt 878887 878886 2026-07-08T10:10:28Z Arcdanumma047 38699 878887 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sansanin ilmin taurari''' sansanin bazara ne na kimiyya wanda ƙungiyar tsofaffin ɗalibai ta Jami'ar Arizona ta shirya, kuma masanin ilmin taurari Don McCarthy ke gudanarwa. <ref>{{Cite web |year=2007 |title=Don McCarthy |url=https://www.as.arizona.edu/people/faculty/don-mccarthy |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100718153350/http://www.as.arizona.edu/people/faculty/mccarthy.html |archive-date=18 July 2010 |access-date=5 August 2010 |publisher=University of Arizona}}</ref> Yawancin sansanonin farko sun faru ne a wurin lura da tashar Mount Lemmon da ke kan Dutsen Lemmon, kusa da Tucson, Arizona . A kan Dutsen Lemmon, masu sansani suna da damar zuwa {{Convert|12|in|cm}}, na'urar hangen nesa mai inci 20, inci 40 da inci 60, da kuma a wurin Mount Bigelow da ke kusa, wani {{Convert|61|in|cm}} na'urar hangen nesa. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, sansanin ya kuma gudana a Kitt Peak National Observatory, inda ɗaliban ke da damar yin amfani da na'urorin hangen nesa iri-iri, gami da {{Convert|90|in|cm}} Bok Telescope, ARO 12m Radio Telescope, da kuma nau'ikan ƙananan kayan aiki iri-iri. A wurare biyu, ana amfani da na'urorin hangen nesa da sauran kayan aiki don koyo da bincike kan batutuwa daban-daban na ilmin taurari. Ana ƙarfafa masu sansani su gabatar da nasu ayyukan kuma su tattara bayanan da ake buƙata don amsa tambayoyin bincikensu. Don McCarthy ya lashe kyautar Ilimi ta Ƙungiyar Masana ilmin taurari ta Amurka a shekarar 2012, wani ɓangare saboda aikinsa na gudanar da sansanin nazarin taurari. <ref>{{Cite web |title=UA Astronomer Earns National Education Honors |url=http://uanews.org/node/44471 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120608082857/http://uanews.org/node/44471 |archive-date=June 8, 2012 |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Education Prize - American Astronomical Society |url=http://aas.org/prizes/education_prize |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref> == Wuri == * Wurin lura da Dutsen Lemmon: == Nassoshi == 322991yd5n4ue46fd3ynz450ym2fi7w 0 161073 878888 2026-07-08T10:11:19Z Hajjorh4900 46761 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1360160935|Gladys Amfobea]]" 878888 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  '''Gladys Amfobea''' (an haife ta a ranar 1 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 1998) 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta ƙasar Ghana wacce ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida . Ta buga wa tawagar kasar Ghana wasa tsakanin 2018 da 2022. == Ayyukan kulob din == Amfobea ta buga wa SAS wasa a lokacin gasar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Lebanon ta 2023-24. MAIMAKON Nepa su bamu huta == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == Amfobea ta fafata a Ghana a gasar cin kofin mata ta Afirka ta 2018, inda ta buga wasanni uku kuma ta zira kwallaye daya.<ref name="Soccerway">{{Cite web |title=G. Amfobea |url=https://women.soccerway.com/players/gladys-amfobea/268230/ |access-date=16 June 2019 |website=Soccerway |publisher=Perform Group}}</ref> == Dubi kuma == * Jerin 'yan wasan kwallon kafa na mata na kasa da kasa na Ghana == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1998]] 9i2chltv6h2jgld0wbpkgu8cw8kfigf 878889 878888 2026-07-08T10:12:43Z Hajjorh4900 46761 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1360160935|Gladys Amfobea]]" 878889 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  '''Gladys Amfobea''' (an haife ta a ranar 1 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 1998) 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta ƙasar Ghana wacce ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida . Ta buga wa tawagar kasar Ghana wasa tsakanin 2018 da 2022. == Ayyukan kulob din == Amfobea ta buga wa SAS wasa a lokacin gasar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Lebanon ta 2023-24. MAIMAKON Nepa su bamu huta == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == Amfobea ta fafata a Ghana a gasar cin kofin mata ta Afirka ta 2018, inda ta buga wasanni uku kuma ta zira kwallaye daya.<ref name="Soccerway">{{Cite web |title=G. Amfobea |url=https://women.soccerway.com/players/gladys-amfobea/268230/ |access-date=16 June 2019 |website=Soccerway |publisher=Perform Group}}</ref> == Dubi kuma == * Jerin 'yan wasan kwallon kafa na mata na kasa da kasa na Ghana == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1998]] q2134rqneg5xhldpelfalkja3xrm8qx 878890 878889 2026-07-08T10:13:59Z Hajjorh4900 46761 Gyara 878890 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  '''Gladys Amfobea''' (an haife ta a ranar 1 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 1998) 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta ƙasar Ghana wacce ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida . Ta buga wa tawagar kasar Ghana wasa tsakanin 2018 da 2022. == Ayyukan kulob din == Amfobea ta buga wa SAS wasa a lokacin gasar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Lebanon ta 2023-24. == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == Amfobea ta fafata a Ghana a gasar cin kofin mata ta Afirka ta 2018, inda ta buga wasanni uku kuma ta zira kwallaye daya.<ref name="Soccerway">{{Cite web |title=G. Amfobea |url=https://women.soccerway.com/players/gladys-amfobea/268230/ |access-date=16 June 2019 |website=Soccerway |publisher=Perform Group}}</ref> == Dubi kuma == * Jerin 'yan wasan kwallon kafa na mata na kasa da kasa na Ghana == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1998]] n7n6vifk1kiadz1haokklsdzmb9yjnv 878891 878890 2026-07-08T10:15:36Z Hajjorh4900 46761 Saka databox 878891 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   '''Gladys Amfobea''' (an haife ta a ranar 1 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 1998) 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta ƙasar Ghana wacce ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida . Ta buga wa tawagar kasar Ghana wasa tsakanin 2018 da 2022. == Ayyukan kulob din == Amfobea ta buga wa SAS wasa a lokacin gasar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Lebanon ta 2023-24. == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == Amfobea ta fafata a Ghana a gasar cin kofin mata ta Afirka ta 2018, inda ta buga wasanni uku kuma ta zira kwallaye daya.<ref name="Soccerway">{{Cite web |title=G. Amfobea |url=https://women.soccerway.com/players/gladys-amfobea/268230/ |access-date=16 June 2019 |website=Soccerway |publisher=Perform Group}}</ref> == Dubi kuma == * Jerin 'yan wasan kwallon kafa na mata na kasa da kasa na Ghana == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1998]] 6ttdz8yfwpg0va54sf3jmpdlpt8tdtb 0 161074 878892 2026-07-08T10:18:38Z Abdurra'uf 23412 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1362571130|Cristian Gonzáles]]" 878892 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Cristian Gérard Alfaro Gonzáles''' (an haife shi a ranar 30 ga Agusta 1976), wanda aka fi sani da '''Abubakar Mustafa Habibi''' ko '''Mustafa Habibi''', <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 March 2017 |title=Pelajaran Usia dari Mustafa Habibi Gonzales |trans-title=Age Lessons from Mustafa Habibi Gonzales |url=https://acehfootball.net/2017/03/13/pelajaran-usia-mustafa-habibi-gonzales/ |access-date=19 July 2024 |website=acehfootball.net |publisher=Aceh Football |language=id}}</ref> tsohon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba . Ya kasance ɗan wasan da ya fi zura kwallaye a gasar La Liga Indonesia sau huɗu, inda ya zura jimillar kwallaye 249 a gasar. An haife shi a Uruguay kuma tsohon ɗan wasan ƙasa da ƙasa na Uruguay, shi ne ɗan wasa na farko da aka gayyata zuwa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Indonesia . == Aikin kulob == === Sud Amurka === A shekarar 1995, ya koma ƙungiyar Sud América ta Uruguay. A cikin watanni 28 da ya yi a can, ya buga wasa sau ɗaya kawai, bai ci kwallo ba. Bayan an ba shi aro ga Huracán Corrientes, ya koma Sud America a cikin jerin 'yan wasan farko. Ya buga wasa sau 12 kuma ya zura kwallo ɗaya. ==== Huracán Corrientes (rance) ==== An ba shi aro ga Huracán Corrientes inda ya buga wasa sau uku ba tare da ya zura kwallo ko daya ba. === Deportivo Maldonado === A shekara ta 2000, bayan da kwangilarsa ta kare, ya koma Deportivo Maldonado a matsayin kyauta. Ya buga wasa sau 22 kuma ya zura kwallo daya. === PSM Makassar === Ya fara bugawa a Indonesia a shekarar 2003, inda ya koma PSM Makassar . A wannan kakar ya zura kwallaye 27. PSM ta lashe gasar La Liga Indonesia a wannan kakar. An ci shi tarar fam miliyan 20 saboda bugun daya daga cikin jami'an Persita Tangerang kuma aka dakatar da shi. === Persik Kediri === Bayan an dakatar da shi daga wasa, ya shiga Persik Kediri ya zama zakaran gasar La Liga Indonesia a shekarar 2006. A shekarar 2008, PSSI ta yanke masa hukuncin dakatarwa saboda rashin da'a ga 'yan wasa. Matsalar kudi a Persik Kediri ta sa shugabannin Persik suka rage albashinsu. Gonzáles yana daya daga cikin 'yan wasan da suka nuna adawa da wannan shawara kuma suka nemi wata kungiya. === Persib Bandung === A ranar 30 ga Janairu 2009, Manajan Persib Bandung ya ba da sanarwar cewa sun ɗauki Gonzáles tare da gafara daga shugaban PSSI Nurdin Halid. An yi kwangilar Gonzáles a matsayin lamuni daga Persik Kediri kuma Persib Bandung yana biyansa rupiahs miliyan 60 kowane wata. Ya fara buga wasa a matsayin wanda ya fara bugawa a gasar Super League ta Persib a wasan da suka yi da Persipura Jayapura a wasan da suka tashi kunnen doki 1-1 sakamakon kwallon da ya ci. A shekarar 2008, ya buga wasanni 16 a gasar kuma ya zura kwallaye 14, wanda hakan ya sa Gonzáles ya zama dan wasan da ya fi zura kwallaye a gasar Super League. Bayan da kwangilarsa a Persik Kediri ta ƙare, Persib Bandung ya ɗauke shi aiki nan take. A wasannin share fagen kakar wasa ta 2009-10, ya ci wa Persib kwallo a gasar cin kofin gwamnati ta East Java. A kakar wasa ta 2009-10, ya ci kwallaye 51. === Persisam Putra Samarinda === A cikin Satumba 2011, Gonzáles ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekara tare da Persisam Putra Samarinda . Ya buga wasansa na farko a gasar a ranar 4 ga Disamba 2011 a wasan da suka yi da PSAP Sigli . 4 Disamba 2011, Gonzáles ya zira kwallonsa ta farko ga Persisam Putra Samarinda a minti na 32 a filin wasa na Harapan Bangsa, Banda Aceh . === Arema Cronus === Bayan da kwangilarsa a Persisam Samarinda ta ƙare. Ya koma Arema Cronus kuma ya sanya lamba 10. Gonzáles ya fara buga wasa a gasar a ranar 9 ga Janairun 2013 a wasan da suka yi da Persidafon Dafonsoro . A ranar 9 ga Janairun 2013, Gonzáles ya zura kwallonsa ta farko ga Arema a minti na 9 a [[Filin Wasa na Kanjuruhan|filin wasa na Kanjuruhan]], Malang . === Madura United === An sanya masa hannu a Madura United don buga wasa a gasar La Liga 1 a kakar wasa ta 2018. Gonzáles ya fara buga wasa a gasar a ranar 2 ga Afrilu 2018 a wasan da suka yi da PS TIRA a filin wasa na Sultan Agung, Bantul . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Resmi, Cristian Gonzales Bergabung dengan Madura United |url=https://bola.kompas.com/read/2018/01/18/15514288/resmi-cristian-gonzales-bergabung-dengan-madura-united |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210416114136/https://bola.kompas.com/read/2018/01/18/15514288/resmi-cristian-gonzales-bergabung-dengan-madura-united |archive-date=16 April 2021 |access-date=16 April 2021 |website=bola.kompas.com}}</ref> === PSS Sleman === A shekarar 2018, Gonzales ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekara ɗaya da ƙungiyar PSS Sleman ta ƙasar Indonesia, wacce ke buga gasar La Liga ta 2. A ranar 4 ga Disamba, 2018, PSS ta lashe gasar La Liga ta 2018, kuma ta haura zuwa gasar La Liga ta 1, bayan ta doke Semen Padang da ci 2-0 a filin wasa na Pakansari, Cibinong . Ya buga wasanni 19 a gasar kuma ya zura kwallaye 15 a raga wa PSS Sleman. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Gabung PSS, Cristian Gonzales Striker Termahal di Liga 2 |url=https://www.bola.com/indonesia/read/3453990/gabung-pss-cristian-gonzales-striker-termahal-di-liga-2 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210416114134/https://www.bola.com/indonesia/read/3453990/gabung-pss-cristian-gonzales-striker-termahal-di-liga-2 |archive-date=16 April 2021 |access-date=16 April 2021 |website=bola.com}}</ref> === PSIM Yogyakarta === An sanya masa hannu don PSIM Yogyakarta don buga wasa a gasar La Liga ta 2 a kakar wasa ta 2019. Ya buga wasanni 17 a gasar kuma ya zura kwallaye 9 a wa PSIM Yogyakarta. <ref>{{Cite web |title=RESMI: Cristian Gonzales Gabung PSIM Yogyakarta |url=https://www.goal.com/id/berita/resmi-cristian-gonzales-gabung-psim-yogyakarta/jrgm0bmr239w1qbnk6mhagscn |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210416114143/https://www.goal.com/id/berita/resmi-cristian-gonzales-gabung-psim-yogyakarta/jrgm0bmr239w1qbnk6mhagscn |archive-date=16 April 2021 |access-date=16 April 2021 |publisher=Goal}}</ref> === RANS Cilegon === A cikin 2021, Gonzáles ya rattaba hannu kan kwangila tare da kulob din Indonesiya Liga 2 RNS Cilegon . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Resmi Launching, Ini Daftar 30 Pemain Rans Cilegon FC |url=https://www.bolasport.com/read/312664077/resmi-launching-ini-daftar-30-pemain-rans-cilegon-fc |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404051600/https://www.bolasport.com/read/312664077/resmi-launching-ini-daftar-30-pemain-rans-cilegon-fc |archive-date=4 April 2023 |access-date=23 April 2021 |website=bolasport.com}}</ref> Ya fara wasansa na farko a gasar a ranar 5 ga Oktoba da Persekat Tegal . Gonzáles ya ci kwallonsa ta farko a ragar RNS Cilegon da Badak Lampung a minti na 18 a filin wasa na Gelora Bung Karno Madya da [[Jakarta|ke Jakarta]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 October 2021 |title=Hasil Persekat Tegal vs Rans Cilegon di Liga 2 2021-2022: Klub Raffi Ahmad Menang 2-1 |url=https://bola.okezone.com/read/2021/10/05/49/2481717/hasil-persekat-tegal-vs-rans-cilegon-di-liga-2-2021-2022-klub-raffi-ahmad-menang-2-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211005164004/https://bola.okezone.com/read/2021/10/05/49/2481717/hasil-persekat-tegal-vs-rans-cilegon-di-liga-2-2021-2022-klub-raffi-ahmad-menang-2-1 |archive-date=5 October 2021 |access-date=5 October 2021 |website=bola.okezone.com |language=id}}</ref> === Sihiri na biyu tare da PSIM Yogyakarta === An ba shi aro daga RANS Cilegon zuwa PSIM Yogyakarta don kakar 2022–23 ta La Liga 2, wanda zai zama kakarsa ta ƙarshe a aikinsa na ƙwararru. <ref>{{Cite web |last=detikHot |first=Tim |title=Istri Cristian Gonzales Ungkap Alasan Suami Hengkang dari RANS FC ke PSIM |url=https://www.detik.com/jateng/sepakbola/d-6475094/istri-cristian-gonzales-ungkap-alasan-suami-hengkang-dari-rans-fc-ke-psim |access-date=2025-11-07 |website=detikjateng |language=id-ID}}</ref> == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == Duk da cewa Gonzales ya fara aikinsa a [[Indonesiya|Indonesia]] a matsayin ɗan [[Uruguay|ƙasar Uruguay]], ya zama ɗan ƙasar Indonesia a ranar 3 ga Nuwamba 2010 bayan jira na shekaru shida, ciki har da rashin zuwa gida don jana'izar mahaifinsa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 November 2010 |title=Gonzales Siap Bela Merah Putih |url=http://www.pikiran-rakyat.com/node/126504 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170424195045/http://www.pikiran-rakyat.com/node/126504 |archive-date=24 April 2017 |access-date=21 November 2010}}</ref> Shi ne ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na farko da ya zama ɗan ƙasar Indonesia kuma na farko da ya shiga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Indonesia . Wasansa na farko da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa ya faru ne a ranar 21 ga Nuwamba 2010, a wasan sada zumunci da Timor-Leste, inda ya zura kwallaye biyu a wasan da suka ci 6-0. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Media |first=Kompas Cyber |title=&quot;El Loco&quot; Dua Gol, Indonesia Bantai Timor Leste 6-0 – Kompas.com |url=http://bola.kompas.com/read/2010/11/21/21261076/.quot.El.Loco.Dua.Gol..Indonesia.Bantai.Timor.Leste.6.0 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110725215654/http://bola.kompas.com/read/2010/11/21/21261076/.quot.El.Loco.Dua.Gol..Indonesia.Bantai.Timor.Leste.6.0 |archive-date=25 July 2011 |access-date=21 November 2010}}</ref> == Ƙididdigar aiki == === Na Ƙasa da Ƙasa === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Bayyanar da kwallayen da ƙungiyar ƙasa ta samu da kuma shekarar da ta gabata ! Tawagar ƙasa ! Shekara ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye |- | rowspan="4" | Indonesiya | 2010 | 9 | 6 |- | 2011 | 10 | 5 |- | 2014 | 10 | 1 |- | 2015 | 2 | 1 |- ! colspan="2" | Jimilla ! 31 ! 13 |} : ''Sakamakon maki da sakamako sun fara nuna adadin kwallayen da Indonesia ta ci, ginshiƙin maki yana nuna maki bayan kowace ƙwallo da Gonzáles ta ci.'' {| class="wikitable sortable" |+List of international goals scored by Cristian Gonzáles ! scope="col" |No. ! scope="col" |Date ! scope="col" |Venue ! scope="col" |Cap ! scope="col" |Opponent ! scope="col" |Score ! scope="col" |Result ! scope="col" |Competition |- | style="text-align:center" |1 | rowspan="2" |21 November 2010 | rowspan="2" |[[Filin wasa na Gelora Sriwijaya|Gelora Sriwijaya Stadium]], Palembang, Indonesia | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center" |1 | rowspan="2" |{{Fb|TLS}} |{{Center|'''3'''–0}} | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |6–0 | rowspan="2" |Friendly |- | style="text-align:center" |2 |{{Center|'''4'''–0}} |- | style="text-align:center" |3 |24 November 2010 |[[Filin wasa na Gelora Sriwijaya|Gelora Sriwijaya Stadium]], Palembang, Indonesia | style="text-align:center" |2 |{{Fb|TPE}} |{{Center|'''1'''–0}} |{{Center|2–0}} |Friendly |- | style="text-align:center" |4 |1 December 2010 |Gelora Bung Karno Stadium, [[Jakarta]], Indonesia | style="text-align:center" |3 |{{Fb|MAS}} |{{Center|'''2'''–1}} |{{Center|5–1}} | rowspan="3" |2010 AFF Championship |- | style="text-align:center" |5 |16 December 2010 |Gelora Bung Karno Stadium, [[Jakarta]], Indonesia | style="text-align:center" |6 |{{Fb|PHI}} |{{Center|'''1'''–0}} |{{Center|1–0}} |- | style="text-align:center" |6 |19 December 2010 |Gelora Bung Karno Stadium, [[Jakarta]], Indonesia | style="text-align:center" |7 |{{Fb|PHI}} |{{Center|'''1'''–0}} |{{Center|1–0}} |- | style="text-align:center" |7 | rowspan="2" |28 July 2011 | rowspan="2" |Gelora Bung Karno Stadium, [[Jakarta]], Indonesia | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center" |11 | rowspan="2" |{{Fb|TKM}} |{{Center|'''1'''–0}} | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |4–3 | rowspan="2" |2014 FIFA World Cup qualification |- | style="text-align:center" |8 |{{Center|'''2'''–0}} |- | style="text-align:center" |9 |22 August 2011 |Manahan Stadium, Surakarta, Indonesia | style="text-align:center" |12 |{{Fb|PLE}} |{{Center|'''2'''–1}} |{{Center|4–1}} |Friendly |- | style="text-align:center" |10 | rowspan="2" |11 October 2011 | rowspan="2" |Gelora Bung Karno Stadium, [[Jakarta]], Indonesia | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center" |17 | rowspan="2" |{{Fb|QAT}} |{{Center|'''1'''–1}} | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |2–3 | rowspan="2" |2014 FIFA World Cup qualification{{Efn|Different qualification round as to goals 7 and 8.}} |- | style="text-align:center" |11 |{{Center|'''2'''–2}} |- | style="text-align:center" |12 |21 June 2014 |Gelora Delta Stadium, Sidoarjo, Indonesia | style="text-align:center" |20 |{{Fb|PAK}} |{{Center|'''1'''–0}} |{{Center|4–0}} |Friendly |- | style="text-align:center" |13 |30 March 2015 |Gelora Delta Stadium, Sidoarjo, Indonesia | style="text-align:center" |31 |{{Fb|MYA}} |{{Center|'''2'''–0}} |{{Center|2–1}} |Friendly |} <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Notelist}} == Rayuwa ta sirri == An haifi Gonzáles a Montevideo, Uruguay. Ya auri matarsa, Eva Nurida Siregar, a shekarar 1995 kuma yana da 'ya'ya 4. A ranar 9 ga Oktoba, 2003, ya musulunta ya kuma zaɓi Mustafa Habibi a matsayin sunansa na Musulunci . Ya sami fasfo na Indonesia a shekarar 2010. Gonzáles ya kuma fito a shirye-shiryen wasan kwaikwayo na Indonesiya da tallace-tallace na talabijin. Bayan ya yi ritaya, ya fara aikin agaji don tallafa wa masallatai da gidajen marayu na gida. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Rismoyo |first=Mauludi |title=Cristian Gonzales Usai Pensiun Bantu Rawat Pondok Yatim dan Masjid |url=https://www.detik.com/pop/trending/d-7818083/cristian-gonzales-usai-pensiun-bantu-rawat-pondok-yatim-dan-masjid |access-date=2025-11-07 |website=detikpop |language=id-ID}}</ref> Ɗaya daga cikin 'ya'yansa mata tana auren ɗan wasan ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Filipino Christian Rontini . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Amanda Gonzales & Christian Rontini Sambut Kelahiran Bayi Perempuan di Tanggal Cantik |url=https://www.haibunda.com/kehamilan/20250602104812-49-368023/amanda-gonzales-christian-rontini-sambut-kelahiran-bayi-perempuan-di-tanggal-cantik |access-date=2025-11-07 |website=kehamilan |language=id-ID}}</ref> == Takaddama == An san Gonzáles da fushinsa, kuma Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Indonesia (PSSI) ta tsawatar masa a lokuta da dama. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Media |first=Kompas Cyber |title=Christian Gonzales Diizinkan Bela Persib – Kompas.com |url=http://bola.kompas.com/read/2009/02/06/19332056/christian.gonzales.diizinkan.bela.persib |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110725215708/http://bola.kompas.com/read/2009/02/06/19332056/christian.gonzales.diizinkan.bela.persib |archive-date=25 July 2011 |access-date=17 December 2010}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 February 2009 |title=BLI Izinkan Gonzales Bela Persib – Goal.com |url=http://www.goal.com/id-ID/news/1391/superliga-indonesia/2009/02/06/1096813/bli-izinkan-gonzales-bela-persib |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170519020729/http://www.goal.com/id-ID/news/1391/superliga-indonesia/2009/02/06/1096813/bli-izinkan-gonzales-bela-persib |archive-date=19 May 2017 |access-date=17 December 2010}}</ref> == Tambayoyi Masu Muhimmanci == Yana ɗaya daga cikin 'yan wasan gaba mafiya hatsari a tarihin gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Indonesiya. A lokacin da yake Uruguay, ya buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya mai kai hari. Daga baya ya koma Indonesia don ya koma PSM Makassar a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba. Tun daga wannan sauyi, ya taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba. Cristian Gonzales mutum ne mai farin jini a tsakanin 'yan Indonesia kuma ya fito a cikin tallace-tallace yana magana da yaren Indonesia . A shekara ta 2006, shi ne ɗan wasa mafi tsada a gasar La Liga Indonesia bisa ga bayanai daga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Indonesia akan Rp biliyan 1.2 A ranar 21 ga Nuwamba 2010, Gonzales ya fara buga wasa a matsayin memba na ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Indonesia a wasan da suka yi da Timor-Leste inda ya zira kwallaye biyu, kuma ya shiga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Indonesia a gasar cin kofin AFF Suzuki ta 2010 . == Daraja == '''Persik Kediri''' * La Liga Indonesia Premier Division : 2006 '''Arewa''' * Kofin Gwamnonin Gabashin Java: 2013 * Kofin Menpora: 2013 * Kofin Inter Island : 2014/15 * Kofin Shugaban Indonesia : 2017 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Arema FC Juara Piala Presiden 2017 |url=https://www.bola.com/indonesia/read/2883881/arema-fc-juara-piala-presiden-2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221111123556/https://www.bola.com/indonesia/read/2883881/arema-fc-juara-piala-presiden-2017 |archive-date=11 November 2022 |access-date=31 May 2021 |website=bola.com}}</ref> '''PSS Sleman''' * La Liga 2 : 2018 <ref>{{Cite web |title=PSS Sleman Juara Liga 2 2018 |url=https://www.pssi.org/news/pss-sleman-juara-liga-2-2018 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201204071401/https://www.pssi.org/news/pss-sleman-juara-liga-2-2018 |archive-date=4 December 2020 |access-date=4 December 2018}}</ref> '''RANS Cilegon''' * Gasar La Liga ta 2 : 2021 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hasil Final Liga 2 RANS Cilegon FC vs Persis Solo {{!}} indosport.com |url=https://www.indosport.com/sepakbola/20211230/hasil-final-liga-2-rans-cilegon-fc-vs-persis-solo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230307101458/https://www.indosport.com/sepakbola/20211230/hasil-final-liga-2-rans-cilegon-fc-vs-persis-solo |archive-date=7 March 2023 |access-date=30 December 2021 |website=indosport.com}}</ref> '''Indonesiya''' * Wanda ya zo na biyu a gasar AFF : 2010 '''Mutum ɗaya''' * Babban ɗan wasan da ya zura kwallaye a gasar Premier ta Liga Indonesia : 2005, 2006, 2007–08 * Wanda Ya Fi Kowanne Kwallaye a Gasar Super League ta Indonesia : 2008–09 (an raba) * Piala Indonesiya Babban wanda ya zira kwallaye: 2010 * Wanda Ya Fi Kowanne Kwallaye a Gasar Cin Kofin Shugaban Indonesia : 2017 == Duba kuma == * Jerin 'Yan Wasan Kwallon Kafa Na Ƙasashen Duniya Na Indonesia Da Aka Haifa A Ƙasashen Waje == Nassoshi == == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{NFT player|40833}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1976]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] ne94dkjbyuzfxjj0b52zkgb9zougsw9 878910 878892 2026-07-08T10:42:43Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 878910 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Cristian Gérard Alfaro Gonzáles''' (an haife shi a ranar 30 ga Agusta 1976), wanda aka fi sani da '''Abubakar Mustafa Habibi''' ko '''Mustafa Habibi''', <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 March 2017 |title=Pelajaran Usia dari Mustafa Habibi Gonzales |trans-title=Age Lessons from Mustafa Habibi Gonzales |url=https://acehfootball.net/2017/03/13/pelajaran-usia-mustafa-habibi-gonzales/ |access-date=19 July 2024 |website=acehfootball.net |publisher=Aceh Football |language=id}}</ref> tsohon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba . Ya kasance ɗan wasan da ya fi zura kwallaye a gasar La Liga Indonesia sau huɗu, inda ya zura jimillar kwallaye 249 a gasar. An haife shi a Uruguay kuma tsohon ɗan wasan ƙasa da ƙasa na Uruguay, shi ne ɗan wasa na farko da aka gayyata zuwa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Indonesia . == Aikin kulob == === Sud Amurka === A shekarar 1995, ya koma ƙungiyar Sud América ta Uruguay. A cikin watanni 28 da ya yi a can, ya buga wasa sau ɗaya kawai, bai ci kwallo ba. Bayan an ba shi aro ga Huracán Corrientes, ya koma Sud America a cikin jerin 'yan wasan farko. Ya buga wasa sau 12 kuma ya zura kwallo ɗaya. ==== Huracán Corrientes (rance) ==== An ba shi aro ga Huracán Corrientes inda ya buga wasa sau uku ba tare da ya zura kwallo ko daya ba. === Deportivo Maldonado === A shekara ta 2000, bayan da kwangilarsa ta kare, ya koma Deportivo Maldonado a matsayin kyauta. Ya buga wasa sau 22 kuma ya zura kwallo daya. === PSM Makassar === Ya fara bugawa a Indonesia a shekarar 2003, inda ya koma PSM Makassar . A wannan kakar ya zura kwallaye 27. PSM ta lashe gasar La Liga Indonesia a wannan kakar. An ci shi tarar fam miliyan 20 saboda bugun daya daga cikin jami'an Persita Tangerang kuma aka dakatar da shi. === Persik Kediri === Bayan an dakatar da shi daga wasa, ya shiga Persik Kediri ya zama zakaran gasar La Liga Indonesia a shekarar 2006. A shekarar 2008, PSSI ta yanke masa hukuncin dakatarwa saboda rashin da'a ga 'yan wasa. Matsalar kudi a Persik Kediri ta sa shugabannin Persik suka rage albashinsu. Gonzáles yana daya daga cikin 'yan wasan da suka nuna adawa da wannan shawara kuma suka nemi wata kungiya. === Persib Bandung === A ranar 30 ga Janairu 2009, Manajan Persib Bandung ya ba da sanarwar cewa sun ɗauki Gonzáles tare da gafara daga shugaban PSSI Nurdin Halid. An yi kwangilar Gonzáles a matsayin lamuni daga Persik Kediri kuma Persib Bandung yana biyansa rupiahs miliyan 60 kowane wata. Ya fara buga wasa a matsayin wanda ya fara bugawa a gasar Super League ta Persib a wasan da suka yi da Persipura Jayapura a wasan da suka tashi kunnen doki 1-1 sakamakon kwallon da ya ci. A shekarar 2008, ya buga wasanni 16 a gasar kuma ya zura kwallaye 14, wanda hakan ya sa Gonzáles ya zama dan wasan da ya fi zura kwallaye a gasar Super League. Bayan da kwangilarsa a Persik Kediri ta ƙare, Persib Bandung ya ɗauke shi aiki nan take. A wasannin share fagen kakar wasa ta 2009-10, ya ci wa Persib kwallo a gasar cin kofin gwamnati ta East Java. A kakar wasa ta 2009-10, ya ci kwallaye 51. === Persisam Putra Samarinda === A cikin Satumba 2011, Gonzáles ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekara tare da Persisam Putra Samarinda . Ya buga wasansa na farko a gasar a ranar 4 ga Disamba 2011 a wasan da suka yi da PSAP Sigli . 4 Disamba 2011, Gonzáles ya zira kwallonsa ta farko ga Persisam Putra Samarinda a minti na 32 a filin wasa na Harapan Bangsa, Banda Aceh . === Arema Cronus === Bayan da kwangilarsa a Persisam Samarinda ta ƙare. Ya koma Arema Cronus kuma ya sanya lamba 10. Gonzáles ya fara buga wasa a gasar a ranar 9 ga Janairun 2013 a wasan da suka yi da Persidafon Dafonsoro . A ranar 9 ga Janairun 2013, Gonzáles ya zura kwallonsa ta farko ga Arema a minti na 9 a [[Filin Wasa na Kanjuruhan|filin wasa na Kanjuruhan]], Malang . === Madura United === An sanya masa hannu a Madura United don buga wasa a gasar La Liga 1 a kakar wasa ta 2018. Gonzáles ya fara buga wasa a gasar a ranar 2 ga Afrilu 2018 a wasan da suka yi da PS TIRA a filin wasa na Sultan Agung, Bantul . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Resmi, Cristian Gonzales Bergabung dengan Madura United |url=https://bola.kompas.com/read/2018/01/18/15514288/resmi-cristian-gonzales-bergabung-dengan-madura-united |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210416114136/https://bola.kompas.com/read/2018/01/18/15514288/resmi-cristian-gonzales-bergabung-dengan-madura-united |archive-date=16 April 2021 |access-date=16 April 2021 |website=bola.kompas.com}}</ref> === PSS Sleman === A shekarar 2018, Gonzales ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekara ɗaya da ƙungiyar PSS Sleman ta ƙasar Indonesia, wacce ke buga gasar La Liga ta 2. A ranar 4 ga Disamba, 2018, PSS ta lashe gasar La Liga ta 2018, kuma ta haura zuwa gasar La Liga ta 1, bayan ta doke Semen Padang da ci 2-0 a filin wasa na Pakansari, Cibinong . Ya buga wasanni 19 a gasar kuma ya zura kwallaye 15 a raga wa PSS Sleman. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Gabung PSS, Cristian Gonzales Striker Termahal di Liga 2 |url=https://www.bola.com/indonesia/read/3453990/gabung-pss-cristian-gonzales-striker-termahal-di-liga-2 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210416114134/https://www.bola.com/indonesia/read/3453990/gabung-pss-cristian-gonzales-striker-termahal-di-liga-2 |archive-date=16 April 2021 |access-date=16 April 2021 |website=bola.com}}</ref> === PSIM Yogyakarta === An sanya masa hannu don PSIM Yogyakarta don buga wasa a gasar La Liga ta 2 a kakar wasa ta 2019. Ya buga wasanni 17 a gasar kuma ya zura kwallaye 9 a wa PSIM Yogyakarta. <ref>{{Cite web |title=RESMI: Cristian Gonzales Gabung PSIM Yogyakarta |url=https://www.goal.com/id/berita/resmi-cristian-gonzales-gabung-psim-yogyakarta/jrgm0bmr239w1qbnk6mhagscn |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210416114143/https://www.goal.com/id/berita/resmi-cristian-gonzales-gabung-psim-yogyakarta/jrgm0bmr239w1qbnk6mhagscn |archive-date=16 April 2021 |access-date=16 April 2021 |publisher=Goal}}</ref> === RANS Cilegon === A cikin 2021, Gonzáles ya rattaba hannu kan kwangila tare da kulob din Indonesiya Liga 2 RNS Cilegon . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Resmi Launching, Ini Daftar 30 Pemain Rans Cilegon FC |url=https://www.bolasport.com/read/312664077/resmi-launching-ini-daftar-30-pemain-rans-cilegon-fc |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404051600/https://www.bolasport.com/read/312664077/resmi-launching-ini-daftar-30-pemain-rans-cilegon-fc |archive-date=4 April 2023 |access-date=23 April 2021 |website=bolasport.com}}</ref> Ya fara wasansa na farko a gasar a ranar 5 ga Oktoba da Persekat Tegal . Gonzáles ya ci kwallonsa ta farko a ragar RNS Cilegon da Badak Lampung a minti na 18 a filin wasa na Gelora Bung Karno Madya da [[Jakarta|ke Jakarta]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 October 2021 |title=Hasil Persekat Tegal vs Rans Cilegon di Liga 2 2021-2022: Klub Raffi Ahmad Menang 2-1 |url=https://bola.okezone.com/read/2021/10/05/49/2481717/hasil-persekat-tegal-vs-rans-cilegon-di-liga-2-2021-2022-klub-raffi-ahmad-menang-2-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211005164004/https://bola.okezone.com/read/2021/10/05/49/2481717/hasil-persekat-tegal-vs-rans-cilegon-di-liga-2-2021-2022-klub-raffi-ahmad-menang-2-1 |archive-date=5 October 2021 |access-date=5 October 2021 |website=bola.okezone.com |language=id}}</ref> === Sihiri na biyu tare da PSIM Yogyakarta === An ba shi aro daga RANS Cilegon zuwa PSIM Yogyakarta don kakar 2022–23 ta La Liga 2, wanda zai zama kakarsa ta ƙarshe a aikinsa na ƙwararru. <ref>{{Cite web |last=detikHot |first=Tim |title=Istri Cristian Gonzales Ungkap Alasan Suami Hengkang dari RANS FC ke PSIM |url=https://www.detik.com/jateng/sepakbola/d-6475094/istri-cristian-gonzales-ungkap-alasan-suami-hengkang-dari-rans-fc-ke-psim |access-date=2025-11-07 |website=detikjateng |language=id-ID}}</ref> == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == Duk da cewa Gonzales ya fara aikinsa a [[Indonesiya|Indonesia]] a matsayin ɗan [[Uruguay|ƙasar Uruguay]], ya zama ɗan ƙasar Indonesia a ranar 3 ga Nuwamba 2010 bayan jira na shekaru shida, ciki har da rashin zuwa gida don jana'izar mahaifinsa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 November 2010 |title=Gonzales Siap Bela Merah Putih |url=http://www.pikiran-rakyat.com/node/126504 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170424195045/http://www.pikiran-rakyat.com/node/126504 |archive-date=24 April 2017 |access-date=21 November 2010}}</ref> Shi ne ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na farko da ya zama ɗan ƙasar Indonesia kuma na farko da ya shiga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Indonesia . Wasansa na farko da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa ya faru ne a ranar 21 ga Nuwamba 2010, a wasan sada zumunci da Timor-Leste, inda ya zura kwallaye biyu a wasan da suka ci 6-0. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Media |first=Kompas Cyber |title=&quot;El Loco&quot; Dua Gol, Indonesia Bantai Timor Leste 6-0 – Kompas.com |url=http://bola.kompas.com/read/2010/11/21/21261076/.quot.El.Loco.Dua.Gol..Indonesia.Bantai.Timor.Leste.6.0 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110725215654/http://bola.kompas.com/read/2010/11/21/21261076/.quot.El.Loco.Dua.Gol..Indonesia.Bantai.Timor.Leste.6.0 |archive-date=25 July 2011 |access-date=21 November 2010}}</ref> == Ƙididdigar aiki == === Na Ƙasa da Ƙasa === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Bayyanar da kwallayen da ƙungiyar ƙasa ta samu da kuma shekarar da ta gabata ! Tawagar ƙasa ! Shekara ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye |- | rowspan="4" | Indonesiya | 2010 | 9 | 6 |- | 2011 | 10 | 5 |- | 2014 | 10 | 1 |- | 2015 | 2 | 1 |- ! colspan="2" | Jimilla ! 31 ! 13 |} : ''Sakamakon maki da sakamako sun fara nuna adadin kwallayen da Indonesia ta ci, ginshiƙin maki yana nuna maki bayan kowace ƙwallo da Gonzáles ta ci.'' {| class="wikitable sortable" |+List of international goals scored by Cristian Gonzáles ! scope="col" |No. ! scope="col" |Date ! scope="col" |Venue ! scope="col" |Cap ! scope="col" |Opponent ! scope="col" |Score ! scope="col" |Result ! scope="col" |Competition |- | style="text-align:center" |1 | rowspan="2" |21 November 2010 | rowspan="2" |[[Filin wasa na Gelora Sriwijaya|Gelora Sriwijaya Stadium]], Palembang, Indonesia | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center" |1 | rowspan="2" |{{Fb|TLS}} |{{Center|'''3'''–0}} | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |6–0 | rowspan="2" |Friendly |- | style="text-align:center" |2 |{{Center|'''4'''–0}} |- | style="text-align:center" |3 |24 November 2010 |[[Filin wasa na Gelora Sriwijaya|Gelora Sriwijaya Stadium]], Palembang, Indonesia | style="text-align:center" |2 |{{Fb|TPE}} |{{Center|'''1'''–0}} |{{Center|2–0}} |Friendly |- | style="text-align:center" |4 |1 December 2010 |Gelora Bung Karno Stadium, [[Jakarta]], Indonesia | style="text-align:center" |3 |{{Fb|MAS}} |{{Center|'''2'''–1}} |{{Center|5–1}} | rowspan="3" |2010 AFF Championship |- | style="text-align:center" |5 |16 December 2010 |Gelora Bung Karno Stadium, [[Jakarta]], Indonesia | style="text-align:center" |6 |{{Fb|PHI}} |{{Center|'''1'''–0}} |{{Center|1–0}} |- | style="text-align:center" |6 |19 December 2010 |Gelora Bung Karno Stadium, [[Jakarta]], Indonesia | style="text-align:center" |7 |{{Fb|PHI}} |{{Center|'''1'''–0}} |{{Center|1–0}} |- | style="text-align:center" |7 | rowspan="2" |28 July 2011 | rowspan="2" |Gelora Bung Karno Stadium, [[Jakarta]], Indonesia | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center" |11 | rowspan="2" |{{Fb|TKM}} |{{Center|'''1'''–0}} | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |4–3 | rowspan="2" |2014 FIFA World Cup qualification |- | style="text-align:center" |8 |{{Center|'''2'''–0}} |- | style="text-align:center" |9 |22 August 2011 |Manahan Stadium, Surakarta, Indonesia | style="text-align:center" |12 |{{Fb|PLE}} |{{Center|'''2'''–1}} |{{Center|4–1}} |Friendly |- | style="text-align:center" |10 | rowspan="2" |11 October 2011 | rowspan="2" |Gelora Bung Karno Stadium, [[Jakarta]], Indonesia | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center" |17 | rowspan="2" |{{Fb|QAT}} |{{Center|'''1'''–1}} | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |2–3 | rowspan="2" |2014 FIFA World Cup qualification{{Efn|Different qualification round as to goals 7 and 8.}} |- | style="text-align:center" |11 |{{Center|'''2'''–2}} |- | style="text-align:center" |12 |21 June 2014 |Gelora Delta Stadium, Sidoarjo, Indonesia | style="text-align:center" |20 |{{Fb|PAK}} |{{Center|'''1'''–0}} |{{Center|4–0}} |Friendly |- | style="text-align:center" |13 |30 March 2015 |Gelora Delta Stadium, Sidoarjo, Indonesia | style="text-align:center" |31 |{{Fb|MYA}} |{{Center|'''2'''–0}} |{{Center|2–1}} |Friendly |} <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Notelist}} == Rayuwa ta sirri == An haifi Gonzáles a Montevideo, Uruguay. Ya auri matarsa, Eva Nurida Siregar, a shekarar 1995 kuma yana da 'ya'ya 4. A ranar 9 ga Oktoba, 2003, ya musulunta ya kuma zaɓi Mustafa Habibi a matsayin sunansa na Musulunci . Ya sami fasfo na Indonesia a shekarar 2010. Gonzáles ya kuma fito a shirye-shiryen wasan kwaikwayo na Indonesiya da tallace-tallace na talabijin. Bayan ya yi ritaya, ya fara aikin agaji don tallafa wa masallatai da gidajen marayu na gida. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Rismoyo |first=Mauludi |title=Cristian Gonzales Usai Pensiun Bantu Rawat Pondok Yatim dan Masjid |url=https://www.detik.com/pop/trending/d-7818083/cristian-gonzales-usai-pensiun-bantu-rawat-pondok-yatim-dan-masjid |access-date=2025-11-07 |website=detikpop |language=id-ID}}</ref> Ɗaya daga cikin 'ya'yansa mata tana auren ɗan wasan ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Filipino Christian Rontini . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Amanda Gonzales & Christian Rontini Sambut Kelahiran Bayi Perempuan di Tanggal Cantik |url=https://www.haibunda.com/kehamilan/20250602104812-49-368023/amanda-gonzales-christian-rontini-sambut-kelahiran-bayi-perempuan-di-tanggal-cantik |access-date=2025-11-07 |website=kehamilan |language=id-ID}}</ref> == Takaddama == An san Gonzáles da fushinsa, kuma Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Indonesia (PSSI) ta tsawatar masa a lokuta da dama. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Media |first=Kompas Cyber |title=Christian Gonzales Diizinkan Bela Persib – Kompas.com |url=http://bola.kompas.com/read/2009/02/06/19332056/christian.gonzales.diizinkan.bela.persib |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110725215708/http://bola.kompas.com/read/2009/02/06/19332056/christian.gonzales.diizinkan.bela.persib |archive-date=25 July 2011 |access-date=17 December 2010}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 February 2009 |title=BLI Izinkan Gonzales Bela Persib – Goal.com |url=http://www.goal.com/id-ID/news/1391/superliga-indonesia/2009/02/06/1096813/bli-izinkan-gonzales-bela-persib |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170519020729/http://www.goal.com/id-ID/news/1391/superliga-indonesia/2009/02/06/1096813/bli-izinkan-gonzales-bela-persib |archive-date=19 May 2017 |access-date=17 December 2010}}</ref> == Tambayoyi Masu Muhimmanci == Yana ɗaya daga cikin 'yan wasan gaba mafiya hatsari a tarihin gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Indonesiya. A lokacin da yake Uruguay, ya buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya mai kai hari. Daga baya ya koma Indonesia don ya koma PSM Makassar a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba. Tun daga wannan sauyi, ya taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba. Cristian Gonzales mutum ne mai farin jini a tsakanin 'yan Indonesia kuma ya fito a cikin tallace-tallace yana magana da yaren Indonesia . A shekara ta 2006, shi ne ɗan wasa mafi tsada a gasar La Liga Indonesia bisa ga bayanai daga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Indonesia akan Rp biliyan 1.2 A ranar 21 ga Nuwamba 2010, Gonzales ya fara buga wasa a matsayin memba na ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Indonesia a wasan da suka yi da Timor-Leste inda ya zira kwallaye biyu, kuma ya shiga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Indonesia a gasar cin kofin AFF Suzuki ta 2010 . == Daraja == '''Persik Kediri''' * La Liga Indonesia Premier Division : 2006 '''Arewa''' * Kofin Gwamnonin Gabashin Java: 2013 * Kofin Menpora: 2013 * Kofin Inter Island : 2014/15 * Kofin Shugaban Indonesia : 2017 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Arema FC Juara Piala Presiden 2017 |url=https://www.bola.com/indonesia/read/2883881/arema-fc-juara-piala-presiden-2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221111123556/https://www.bola.com/indonesia/read/2883881/arema-fc-juara-piala-presiden-2017 |archive-date=11 November 2022 |access-date=31 May 2021 |website=bola.com}}</ref> '''PSS Sleman''' * La Liga 2 : 2018 <ref>{{Cite web |title=PSS Sleman Juara Liga 2 2018 |url=https://www.pssi.org/news/pss-sleman-juara-liga-2-2018 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201204071401/https://www.pssi.org/news/pss-sleman-juara-liga-2-2018 |archive-date=4 December 2020 |access-date=4 December 2018}}</ref> '''RANS Cilegon''' * Gasar La Liga ta 2 : 2021 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hasil Final Liga 2 RANS Cilegon FC vs Persis Solo {{!}} indosport.com |url=https://www.indosport.com/sepakbola/20211230/hasil-final-liga-2-rans-cilegon-fc-vs-persis-solo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230307101458/https://www.indosport.com/sepakbola/20211230/hasil-final-liga-2-rans-cilegon-fc-vs-persis-solo |archive-date=7 March 2023 |access-date=30 December 2021 |website=indosport.com}}</ref> '''Indonesiya''' * Wanda ya zo na biyu a gasar AFF : 2010 '''Mutum ɗaya''' * Babban ɗan wasan da ya zura kwallaye a gasar Premier ta Liga Indonesia : 2005, 2006, 2007–08 * Wanda Ya Fi Kowanne Kwallaye a Gasar Super League ta Indonesia : 2008–09 (an raba) * Piala Indonesiya Babban wanda ya zira kwallaye: 2010 * Wanda Ya Fi Kowanne Kwallaye a Gasar Cin Kofin Shugaban Indonesia : 2017 == Duba kuma == * Jerin 'Yan Wasan Kwallon Kafa Na Ƙasashen Duniya Na Indonesia Da Aka Haifa A Ƙasashen Waje == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{NFT player|40833}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1976]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 3vc2c7j00ffvxzsxfnqig8zrpznrkrc 0 161075 878893 2026-07-08T10:19:37Z Abdurra'uf 23412 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1349448591|Gary Mills (footballer, born 1981)]]" 878893 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Gary Leonard Mills''' (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga Mayu 1981) kocin [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Ingila kuma tsohon ɗan wasa ne wanda shine mataimakin manaja a kulob ɗin EFL League Two Port Vale . Ya kasance [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] a lokacin aikinsa na shekaru 18, wanda ya fi yin wasa a ƙwallon ƙafa da ba ta League ba . Ɗansa, Harley, ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne. Mills ya fara aikinsa a Rushden &amp;amp; Diamonds, inda ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar lashe gasar Conference a 2000–01 da kuma lashe gasar Division Uku a 2002–03. Duk da haka, ya bar Rushden jim kaɗan kafin a tabbatar da ficewa daga gasar ƙwallon ƙafa a 2006. Ya buga wasanni 143 a kakar wasa bakwai a ƙungiyar. Daga nan ya shafe shekaru bakwai masu zuwa yana buga wasa a Crawley Town, Rushden & Diamonds (a wasu lokutan biyu), Tamworth, Kettering Town, [[Stevenage FC|Stevenage Borough]], Mansfield Town, [[Forest Green Rovers FC|Forest Green Rovers]] (a matsayin aro), Bath City, Nuneaton Town, Lincoln City da Boston United . Ya lashe gasar Conference North tare da Kettering Town a 2007–08 kuma an ɗaga shi daga gasar play-offs ta Conference North tare da Nuneaton Town a 2011–12. Ya kuma lashe gasar FA tare da Stevenage Borough a 2008–09, inda ya buga wasan ƙarshe na gasar FA ta 2009 a [[filin wasa na Wembley]] . Ya ci gaba da bugawa King's Lynn Town ƙasa da dala. Ya koma koyarwa, inda ya shafe wasanni bakwai yana jagorantar Rugby Town a 2015 sannan ya jagoranci Corby Town daga Oktoba 2016 zuwa Afrilu 2017. Ya yi koci a Wrexham, King's Lynn Town, Northampton Town, Milton Keynes Dons, Coventry City, Burton Albion, Rotherham United da Port Vale. Ya dauki rikon kwarya a Burton Albion a wani bangare na kakar wasa ta 2023-24. == Sana'a == === Rushden & Diamonds === Mills ya shafe lokaci a Kwalejin da ke Coventry City . Daga baya ya zo ta ƙungiyar matasa ta Rushden &amp;amp; Diamonds kuma manaja Brian Talbot ya ba shi lambar yabo ta £50,000 a watan Disamba na 1999. A kakar wasa mai zuwa, Mills yana cikin tawagar Rushden da ta samu ci gaba zuwa gasar ƙwallon ƙafa bayan ta lashe gasar . Ya zura kwallonsa ta farko a kungiyar a wasan da suka doke Tranmere Rovers da ci 2-1 a ranar 25 ga Fabrairu, 2004. [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1981]] c0m82sc5timrsgh7u2i99fw27wfwwnt 878894 878893 2026-07-08T10:21:28Z Abdurra'uf 23412 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1349448591|Gary Mills (footballer, born 1981)]]" 878894 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Gary Leonard Mills''' (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga Mayu 1981) kocin [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Ingila kuma tsohon ɗan wasa ne wanda shine mataimakin manaja a kulob ɗin EFL League Two Port Vale . Ya kasance [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] a lokacin aikinsa na shekaru 18, wanda ya fi yin wasa a ƙwallon ƙafa da ba ta League ba . Ɗansa, Harley, ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne. Mills ya fara aikinsa a Rushden &amp;amp; Diamonds, inda ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar lashe gasar Conference a 2000–01 da kuma lashe gasar Division Uku a 2002–03. Duk da haka, ya bar Rushden jim kaɗan kafin a tabbatar da ficewa daga gasar ƙwallon ƙafa a 2006. Ya buga wasanni 143 a kakar wasa bakwai a ƙungiyar. Daga nan ya shafe shekaru bakwai masu zuwa yana buga wasa a Crawley Town, Rushden & Diamonds (a wasu lokutan biyu), Tamworth, Kettering Town, [[Stevenage FC|Stevenage Borough]], Mansfield Town, [[Forest Green Rovers FC|Forest Green Rovers]] (a matsayin aro), Bath City, Nuneaton Town, Lincoln City da Boston United . Ya lashe gasar Conference North tare da Kettering Town a 2007–08 kuma an ɗaga shi daga gasar play-offs ta Conference North tare da Nuneaton Town a 2011–12. Ya kuma lashe gasar FA tare da Stevenage Borough a 2008–09, inda ya buga wasan ƙarshe na gasar FA ta 2009 a [[filin wasa na Wembley]] . Ya ci gaba da bugawa King's Lynn Town ƙasa da dala. == Sana'a == === Rushden & Diamonds === Mills ya shafe lokaci a Kwalejin da ke Coventry City . Daga baya ya zo ta ƙungiyar matasa ta Rushden &amp;amp; Diamonds kuma manaja Brian Talbot ya ba shi lambar yabo ta £50,000 a watan Disamba na 1999. A kakar wasa mai zuwa, Mills yana cikin tawagar Rushden da ta samu ci gaba zuwa gasar ƙwallon ƙafa bayan ta lashe gasar . Ya zura kwallonsa ta farko a kungiyar a wasan da suka doke Tranmere Rovers da ci 2-1 a ranar 25 ga Fabrairu, 2004. A ranar 11 ga Satumba 2004, Mills ya samu rauni a idon sawunsa a wasan lig da [[Oxford United FC|Oxford United]], wanda hakan ya sa bai buga sauran kakar wasa ta 2004-05 ba. Ya bar Nene Park a ranar 20 ga Afrilu 2006, kwangilarsa ta soke ta hanyar amincewa da juna, bayan bai buga wasa ba tun farkon Fabrairu. An tabbatar da cewa Rushden ya fice daga gasar ƙwallon ƙafa bayan kwana tara. === Daga baya aiki === Mills ya koma ƙungiyar Crawley Town ta ƙungiyar Conference National a ranar 10 ga Agusta 2006, duk da cewa bai yi nasara ba a gwajin da ya yi da ƙungiyar League One ta Yeovil Town a watan Yuli. Mills ya sake komawa Rushden & Diamonds a ranar 9 ga Janairun 2007 bisa kwangilar ɗan gajeren lokaci. A ranar 25 ga Mayu 2007, Mills ya rattaba hannu a ƙungiyar Tamworth ta ƙungiyar Conference North, wacce wani sanannen ɗan wasa Gary Mills ke jagoranta. A ranar 24 ga Oktoba, Tamworth ya kori Mills bayan wata takaddama da ya yi da kocinsa Gary Mills. Kocin ya zargi Mills da "ba shi da kwalba, babu ƙwallo, kuma ba shi da ladabi", game da rashin ƙoƙarin ɗan wasan da kuma martanin da ya mayar game da korarsa daga ƙungiyar farko. A halin yanzu, ɗan wasan Mills ya mayar da martani cewa Tamworth ita ce "ƙungiya mafi muni da na taɓa zuwa." [[Fayil:Gary_Mills_1981_1.png|thumb|445x445px|Mills yana bugawa [[Stevenage FC|Stevenage Borough]] wasa a wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin FA ta 2009 .]] Mills ya rattaba hannu a [[Stevenage FC|Stevenage Borough]] a ranar 13 ga Mayu 2008, bayan da manaja Graham Westley ya jagorance shi a baya lokacin da yake a Rushden & Diamonds. <ref name="boro">{{Cite web |title=Gary Mills – Midfield – Player Profile |url=https://www.boroguide.co.uk/players/715/ |access-date=9 January 2026 |website=BoroGuide}}</ref> Boro ya cancanci shiga gasar share fage ta Conference Premier, inda ya sha kashi a hannun Cambridge United da ci 4-3 a jimilla a wasan kusa da na karshe. A ranar 26 ga Mayu 2009, Mills ya ƙi tayin kwangila daga Stevenage Borough don sanya hannu a Mansfield Town kan yarjejeniyar shekaru biyu. An naɗa shi kyaftin ɗin ƙungiyar, kodayake an ba shi aro a watan Janairun 2010 bayan watanni uku daga cikin 'yan wasa na farko na XI . Luke Foster ya maye gurbinsa a matsayin kyaftin, kodayake ya sami damar komawa cikin 'yan wasan farko a ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2009-10 . A watan Oktoban 2010, Mills ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar aro ta wata guda ga ƙungiyar [[Forest Green Rovers FC|Forest Green Rovers]] ta taron. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 October 2010 |title=Forest Green Rovers sign Mills, Enver-Marum and Kamara |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/f/forest_green_rovers/9105311.stm |access-date=29 August 2011 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> Ya bar Mansfield bisa amincewar juna a ranar 12 ga Janairun 2011. A ranar 13 ga Janairun 2011, manajan Rushden & Diamonds Justin Edinburgh ya sanya hannu kan Mills a karo na uku a kulob din. <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 January 2011 |title=Gary Mills set for third Rushden & Diamonds spell |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/r/rushden_and_diamonds/9360973.stm |access-date=29 August 2011 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> Ya ce "Ina matukar farin cikin dawowa. Ban taba son barin kulob din ba". Mills ya koma Bath City kan yarjejeniyar shekara ɗaya a ranar 23 ga Mayu 2011. <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 May 2011 |title=Midfielder Gary Mills joins Bath City on one-year-deal |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/13501640 |access-date=29 August 2011 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> Ya buga wasanni huɗu kafin ya ga kansa ya fi sauran 'yan wasa a Twerton Park . Bayan barin Bath, Mills ya sanya hannu kan ƙungiyar Conference North, Nuneaton Town . <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 September 2011 |title=Mills impressed by Nuneaton set up |url=http://www.nonleaguedaily.com/news/index.php?&newsmode=FULL&nid=78555 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121004194720/http://www.nonleaguedaily.com/news/index.php?&newsmode=FULL&nid=78555 |archive-date=4 October 2012 |access-date=20 September 2011 |publisher=Non League Daily}}</ref> A ranar 13 ga Mayu 2012, Mills ya kasance ɓangare na ƙungiyar Nuneaton wadda ta yi nasara a wasan ƙarshe na gasar Conference North, inda ta sami matsayi zuwa Conference National. A ranar 21 ga Mayu 2012, Mills ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekara ɗaya da Lincoln City . Manaja David Holdsworth ya naɗa shi kyaftin ɗin ƙungiyar. Ya bar ƙungiyar bisa amincewar juna a ranar 4 ga Maris 2013, watanni uku bayan ya samu mummunan rauni a gwiwa. A watan Mayun 2013, Mills ya koma Boston United, kodayake ya buga wasa ɗaya tilo a gasar cin kofin Lincolnshire Senior Cup . A watan Agustan 2013, ya koma Lynn Town na King's, wanda tsohon abokin wasansa na Rushden Gary Setchell ke kula da shi, a kan yarjejeniyar aro na watanni uku. == Salon wasan == Mills [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] ne wanda ke cin zarafin abokan hamayya da kuma matsa musu lamba, yana raba wasan da kuma ba wa abokan wasansa ƙwallon. == Aikin koyarwa == Mills ya kasance mataimakin manaja ga Kevin Wilkin a Wrexham daga watan Mayu na 2014 har zuwa Maris na 2015, lokacin da shi da Wilkin suka bar ƙungiyar bayan shan kaye a wasan ƙarshe na Kofin FA na 2015. An naɗa Mills a matsayin manaja a ƙungiyar Rugby Town [[Northern Premier League|ta Arewa]] a Division One ta Kudu a ranar 13 ga Mayu na 2015. Ya lashe ɗaya daga cikin wasanni bakwai da ya buga a gasar. Ya buga wasanni biyu na gasar. <ref name="rugg">{{Cite web |title=Rugby Town FC {{!}} Official Website {{!}} Ex-Manager {{!}} Gary Mills |url=http://www.rugbytownfc.com/archive/players/mills-gary.htm |access-date=9 January 2026 |website=Rugby Town FC}}</ref> Ya yi murabus a ranar 11 ga Satumba. A watan Yunin 2016, Mills ya koma tsohuwar ƙungiyarsa, King's Lynn Town, a matsayin ɗan wasa-koci. An ɗaukaka shi zuwa mataimakin manaja a watan Satumba na 2016. <ref>{{Cite web |title=King's Lynn Town Football Club - Pen Pictures 2015-16 |url=https://www.thelinnets.co.uk/penpics2016.php?a=5 |access-date=10 January 2026 |website=thelinnets.co.uk}}</ref> A ranar 19 ga Oktoba na 2016, an naɗa Mills a matsayin manajan ƙungiyar Corby Town ta Southern League Division One Central. <ref>{{Cite web |title=&#124; Gary Mills is the New Corby Boss |url=http://www.corbytownfc.co.uk/news/2016/gary-mills-is-the-new-corby-boss/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170206103614/http://www.corbytownfc.co.uk/news/2016/gary-mills-is-the-new-corby-boss/ |archive-date=6 February 2017 |access-date=6 February 2017 |publisher=Corby Town FC}}</ref> An kore shi a ranar 9 ga Afrilu na 2017 bayan wasanni biyar da ya yi ba tare da nasara ba, wanda ya bar Steelman a matsayi na 21 a teburin. Daga nan ya koma Northampton Town a cikin tsarin makarantarsu a matsayin babban kocin a matakin 'yan ƙasa da shekara 16. Ya koma St Ives Town a matsayin koci a watan Yulin 2020. A watan Disamba na 2022, an nada shi babban kocin ci gaban ƙwararru a Coventry City, ya koma ƙungiyar daga Milton Keynes Dons inda ya riƙe irin wannan matsayi. A watan Satumba na 2023, an naɗa Mills a matsayin kocin ƙungiya ta farko a ƙungiyar League One ta Burton Albion . Bayan korar Dino Maamria a ranar 9 ga Disamba 2023, an naɗa Mills a matsayin kocin riƙo. Ya koma matsayinsa na kocin ƙungiya ta farko bayan naɗa [[Martin Paterson]] a ranar 11 ga Janairu 2024. A ranar 31 ga Mayu 2024, Mills ya bar Burton Albion bayan tafiyar Paterson. Ya shiga aikin horar da Steve Evans a Rotherham United a watan Yulin 2024, ya tafi tare da Evans a watan Maris na 2025. Ya koma aikin horar da shi a Milton Keynes Dons. Ya koma Port Vale a matsayin mataimakin sabon manaja Jon Brady a watan Janairun 2026. == Rayuwa ta sirri == Ɗansa, Harley, ya zama ƙwararre a Peterborough United . == Ƙididdigar aiki == === Ƙididdigar wasa === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Appearances and goals by club, season and competition ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |FA Cup ! colspan="2" |League Cup ! colspan="2" |Other ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- | rowspan="8" |Rushden &amp;amp; Diamonds |1999–2000<ref name="aylesbury">{{Cite web |title=Gary Mills {{!}} Player Profile · Aylesbury United Archive |url=https://www.aylesburyunitedarchive.com/player/gary-mills/6611 |access-date=9 January 2026 |website=www.aylesburyunitedarchive.com}}</ref> |Conference |16 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |16 |0 |- |2000–01 |Conference |21 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— |2{{Efn|1 appearance in the [[EFL Trophy|Football League Trophy]] and 1 appearances in the Conference Trophy}} |0 |24 |0 |- |2001–02 |Third Division |9 |0 |0 |0 |2 |0 |1{{Efn|Appearance in the Football League Trophy}} |0 |12 |0 |- |2002–03 |Third Division |30 |0 |2 |0 |2 |0 |1[b] |0 |35 |0 |- |[[2000–04 Rushden & Diamonds F.C. season|2003–04]] |Second Division |30 |1 |1 |0 |1 |0 |2[b] |0 |34 |1 |- |[[2004–05 Rushden & Diamonds F.C. season|2004–05]] |League Two |7 |1 |0 |0 |1 |0 |0 |0 |8 |1 |- |[[2005–06 Rushden & Diamonds F.C. season|2005–06]] |League Two |11 |0 |2 |0 |0 |0 |1[b] |0 |14 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !124 !2 !6 !0 !6 !0 !7 !0 !143 !2 |- |Crawley Town |2006–07<ref name="aylesbury" /> |Conference National |21 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |21 |0 |- |Rushden & Diamonds |2006–07<ref name="aylesbury" /> |Conference National |17 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |17 |0 |- |[[Stevenage FC|Stevenage Borough]] |2008–09<ref name="borostat">{{Cite web |title=Gary Mills {{!}} Player Profile {{!}} Stevenage Football Archive |url=https://www.stevenagefootballarchive.co.uk/player.php?id=605 |access-date=9 January 2026 |website=www.stevenagefootballarchive.co.uk |language=en}}</ref> |Conference Premier |30 |1 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |— |7{{Efn|4 appearances in the [[FA Trophy]] and 2 appearances in the play-offs}} |0 |39 |1 |- | rowspan="3" |Mansfield Town |2009–10<ref name="aylesbury" /> |Conference Premier |26 |0 |3 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |29 |0 |- |2010–11<ref name="aylesbury" /> |Conference Premier |18 |1 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |18 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !44 !1 !3 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !47 !1 |- |[[Forest Green Rovers FC|Forest Green Rovers]] (loan) |2010–11<ref name="aylesbury" /> |Conference Premier |2 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |2 |0 |- |Rushden & Diamonds |2010–11<ref name="aylesbury" /> |Conference Premier |21 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |21 |0 |- |Bath City |2011–12<ref name="aylesbury" /> |Conference Premier |4 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |4 |0 |- |Nuneaton Town |2011–12<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nuneaton Town 2011-2012 |url=http://www.fromtowntotown.org.uk/assets/stats-sheet-1889-2019.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200709014621/http://www.fromtowntotown.org.uk/assets/stats-sheet-1889-2019.pdf |archive-date=9 July 2020 |access-date=10 July 2020 |website=fromtowntotown.org.uk}}</ref> |Conference North |23 |5 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |1{{Efn|Appearance in the [[Birmingham Senior Cup]]}} |0 |4 |0 |- |Lincoln City |2012–13<ref name="aylesbury" /> |Conference Premier |18 |0 |4 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |22 |0 |- |Boston United |2013–14<ref>{{Cite web |title=Boston United Football Club First Team statistics |url=https://www.bostonunited.co.uk/teams/24809/statistics?season=17574 |access-date=9 January 2026 |website=Boston United FC}}</ref> |Conference North |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |1{{Efn|Appearance in the [[Lincolnshire Senior Cup]]}} |0 |1 |0 |- |King's Lynn Town (loan) |2013–14<ref name="aylesbury" /> |[[Northern Premier League]]<br /><br />Premier Division |18 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |20 |0 |- |Rugby Town |2015–16<ref name="rugg">{{Cite web |title=Rugby Town FC {{!}} Official Website {{!}} Ex-Manager {{!}} Gary Mills |url=http://www.rugbytownfc.com/archive/players/mills-gary.htm |access-date=9 January 2026 |website=Rugby Town FC}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.rugbytownfc.com/archive/players/mills-gary.htm "Rugby Town FC | Official Website | Ex-Manager | Gary Mills"]. ''Rugby Town FC''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 January</span> 2026</span>.</cite></ref> |Northern Premier League<br /><br />Division One South |2 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |2 |0 |- |King's Lynn Town |2016–17<ref name="aylesbury" /> |Southern League<br /><br />Premier Division |8 |0 |2 |1 | colspan="2" |— |1 |0 |11 |1 |- |St Ives Town |2020–21<ref name="aylesbury" /> |Southern League<br /><br />Premier Division Central |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !332 !9 !19 !1 !6 !0 !16 !0 !373 !10 |- |} <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Notelist}} === Ƙididdigar gudanarwa === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" |+Tarihin gudanarwa ta ƙungiya da kuma lokacin aiki ! rowspan="2" | Ƙungiyar ! rowspan="2" | Daga ! rowspan="2" | Zuwa ! colspan="5" | Rikodi ! rowspan="2" | {{Abbr|Ref|Reference}} |- ! {{Abbr|P|Matches played}} ! {{Abbr|W|Matches won}} ! {{Abbr|D|Matches drawn}} ! {{Abbr|L|Matches lost}} ! {{Abbr|Win %|Win percentage}} |- | align="left" | Burton Albion (mai kula) | align="left" | 9 ga Disamba 2023 | align="left" | 11 Janairu 2024{{WDL|8|2|2|4|decimals=1}} | |} == Daraja == '''Rushden & Diamonds''' * Taron Ƙwallon Ƙafa : 2000–01 * Gasar Kwallon Kafa ta Kashi na Uku : 2002–03 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Football Club History Database - Football League 2002-03 |url=https://fchd.info/lghist/fl2003.htm |access-date=9 January 2026 |website=fchd.info}}</ref> '''Garin Kettering''' * Taron Arewa : 2007–08 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Football Club History Database - Football Conference 2007-08 |url=https://fchd.info/lghist/conf2008.htm |access-date=9 January 2026 |website=fchd.info}}</ref> '''Stevenage Borough''' * Kofin FA : 2008–09 '''Garin Nuneaton''' * Wasannin da za a buga a gasar Conference North: 2011–12 == Nassoshi == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1981]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] dakjd0yfcw07m9ksx9657ttt5b2evga 878911 878894 2026-07-08T10:43:48Z Abdurra'uf 23412 gyara 878911 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Gary Leonard Mills''' (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga Mayu 1981) kocin [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Ingila kuma tsohon ɗan wasa ne wanda shine mataimakin manaja a kulob ɗin EFL League Two Port Vale . Ya kasance [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] a lokacin aikinsa na shekaru 18, wanda ya fi yin wasa a ƙwallon ƙafa da ba ta League ba . Ɗansa, Harley, ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne. Mills ya fara aikinsa a Rushden &amp;amp; Diamonds, inda ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar lashe gasar Conference a 2000–01 da kuma lashe gasar Division Uku a 2002–03. Duk da haka, ya bar Rushden jim kaɗan kafin a tabbatar da ficewa daga gasar ƙwallon ƙafa a 2006. Ya buga wasanni 143 a kakar wasa bakwai a ƙungiyar. Daga nan ya shafe shekaru bakwai masu zuwa yana buga wasa a Crawley Town, Rushden & Diamonds (a wasu lokutan biyu), Tamworth, Kettering Town, [[Stevenage FC|Stevenage Borough]], Mansfield Town, [[Forest Green Rovers FC|Forest Green Rovers]] (a matsayin aro), Bath City, Nuneaton Town, Lincoln City da Boston United . Ya lashe gasar Conference North tare da Kettering Town a 2007–08 kuma an ɗaga shi daga gasar play-offs ta Conference North tare da Nuneaton Town a 2011–12. Ya kuma lashe gasar FA tare da Stevenage Borough a 2008–09, inda ya buga wasan ƙarshe na gasar FA ta 2009 a [[filin wasa na Wembley]] . Ya ci gaba da bugawa King's Lynn Town ƙasa da dala. == Sana'a == === Rushden & Diamonds === Mills ya shafe lokaci a Kwalejin da ke Coventry City . Daga baya ya zo ta ƙungiyar matasa ta Rushden &amp;amp; Diamonds kuma manaja Brian Talbot ya ba shi lambar yabo ta £50,000 a watan Disamba na 1999. A kakar wasa mai zuwa, Mills yana cikin tawagar Rushden da ta samu ci gaba zuwa gasar ƙwallon ƙafa bayan ta lashe gasar . Ya zura kwallonsa ta farko a kungiyar a wasan da suka doke Tranmere Rovers da ci 2-1 a ranar 25 ga Fabrairu, 2004. A ranar 11 ga Satumba 2004, Mills ya samu rauni a idon sawunsa a wasan lig da [[Oxford United FC|Oxford United]], wanda hakan ya sa bai buga sauran kakar wasa ta 2004-05 ba. Ya bar Nene Park a ranar 20 ga Afrilu 2006, kwangilarsa ta soke ta hanyar amincewa da juna, bayan bai buga wasa ba tun farkon Fabrairu. An tabbatar da cewa Rushden ya fice daga gasar ƙwallon ƙafa bayan kwana tara. === Daga baya aiki === Mills ya koma ƙungiyar Crawley Town ta ƙungiyar Conference National a ranar 10 ga Agusta 2006, duk da cewa bai yi nasara ba a gwajin da ya yi da ƙungiyar League One ta Yeovil Town a watan Yuli. Mills ya sake komawa Rushden & Diamonds a ranar 9 ga Janairun 2007 bisa kwangilar ɗan gajeren lokaci. A ranar 25 ga Mayu 2007, Mills ya rattaba hannu a ƙungiyar Tamworth ta ƙungiyar Conference North, wacce wani sanannen ɗan wasa Gary Mills ke jagoranta. A ranar 24 ga Oktoba, Tamworth ya kori Mills bayan wata takaddama da ya yi da kocinsa Gary Mills. Kocin ya zargi Mills da "ba shi da kwalba, babu ƙwallo, kuma ba shi da ladabi", game da rashin ƙoƙarin ɗan wasan da kuma martanin da ya mayar game da korarsa daga ƙungiyar farko. A halin yanzu, ɗan wasan Mills ya mayar da martani cewa Tamworth ita ce "ƙungiya mafi muni da na taɓa zuwa." [[Fayil:Gary_Mills_1981_1.png|thumb|445x445px|Mills yana bugawa [[Stevenage FC|Stevenage Borough]] wasa a wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin FA ta 2009 .]] Mills ya rattaba hannu a [[Stevenage FC|Stevenage Borough]] a ranar 13 ga Mayu 2008, bayan da manaja Graham Westley ya jagorance shi a baya lokacin da yake a Rushden & Diamonds. <ref name="boro">{{Cite web |title=Gary Mills – Midfield – Player Profile |url=https://www.boroguide.co.uk/players/715/ |access-date=9 January 2026 |website=BoroGuide}}</ref> Boro ya cancanci shiga gasar share fage ta Conference Premier, inda ya sha kashi a hannun Cambridge United da ci 4-3 a jimilla a wasan kusa da na karshe. A ranar 26 ga Mayu 2009, Mills ya ƙi tayin kwangila daga Stevenage Borough don sanya hannu a Mansfield Town kan yarjejeniyar shekaru biyu. An naɗa shi kyaftin ɗin ƙungiyar, kodayake an ba shi aro a watan Janairun 2010 bayan watanni uku daga cikin 'yan wasa na farko na XI . Luke Foster ya maye gurbinsa a matsayin kyaftin, kodayake ya sami damar komawa cikin 'yan wasan farko a ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2009-10 . A watan Oktoban 2010, Mills ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar aro ta wata guda ga ƙungiyar [[Forest Green Rovers FC|Forest Green Rovers]] ta taron. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 October 2010 |title=Forest Green Rovers sign Mills, Enver-Marum and Kamara |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/f/forest_green_rovers/9105311.stm |access-date=29 August 2011 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> Ya bar Mansfield bisa amincewar juna a ranar 12 ga Janairun 2011. A ranar 13 ga Janairun 2011, manajan Rushden & Diamonds Justin Edinburgh ya sanya hannu kan Mills a karo na uku a kulob din. <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 January 2011 |title=Gary Mills set for third Rushden & Diamonds spell |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/r/rushden_and_diamonds/9360973.stm |access-date=29 August 2011 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> Ya ce "Ina matukar farin cikin dawowa. Ban taba son barin kulob din ba". Mills ya koma Bath City kan yarjejeniyar shekara ɗaya a ranar 23 ga Mayu 2011. <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 May 2011 |title=Midfielder Gary Mills joins Bath City on one-year-deal |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/13501640 |access-date=29 August 2011 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> Ya buga wasanni huɗu kafin ya ga kansa ya fi sauran 'yan wasa a Twerton Park . Bayan barin Bath, Mills ya sanya hannu kan ƙungiyar Conference North, Nuneaton Town . <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 September 2011 |title=Mills impressed by Nuneaton set up |url=http://www.nonleaguedaily.com/news/index.php?&newsmode=FULL&nid=78555 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121004194720/http://www.nonleaguedaily.com/news/index.php?&newsmode=FULL&nid=78555 |archive-date=4 October 2012 |access-date=20 September 2011 |publisher=Non League Daily}}</ref> A ranar 13 ga Mayu 2012, Mills ya kasance ɓangare na ƙungiyar Nuneaton wadda ta yi nasara a wasan ƙarshe na gasar Conference North, inda ta sami matsayi zuwa Conference National. A ranar 21 ga Mayu 2012, Mills ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekara ɗaya da Lincoln City . Manaja David Holdsworth ya naɗa shi kyaftin ɗin ƙungiyar. Ya bar ƙungiyar bisa amincewar juna a ranar 4 ga Maris 2013, watanni uku bayan ya samu mummunan rauni a gwiwa. A watan Mayun 2013, Mills ya koma Boston United, kodayake ya buga wasa ɗaya tilo a gasar cin kofin Lincolnshire Senior Cup . A watan Agustan 2013, ya koma Lynn Town na King's, wanda tsohon abokin wasansa na Rushden Gary Setchell ke kula da shi, a kan yarjejeniyar aro na watanni uku. == Salon wasan == Mills [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] ne wanda ke cin zarafin abokan hamayya da kuma matsa musu lamba, yana raba wasan da kuma ba wa abokan wasansa ƙwallon. == Aikin koyarwa == Mills ya kasance mataimakin manaja ga Kevin Wilkin a Wrexham daga watan Mayu na 2014 har zuwa Maris na 2015, lokacin da shi da Wilkin suka bar ƙungiyar bayan shan kaye a wasan ƙarshe na Kofin FA na 2015. An naɗa Mills a matsayin manaja a ƙungiyar Rugby Town [[Northern Premier League|ta Arewa]] a Division One ta Kudu a ranar 13 ga Mayu na 2015. Ya lashe ɗaya daga cikin wasanni bakwai da ya buga a gasar. Ya buga wasanni biyu na gasar. <ref name="rugg">{{Cite web |title=Rugby Town FC {{!}} Official Website {{!}} Ex-Manager {{!}} Gary Mills |url=http://www.rugbytownfc.com/archive/players/mills-gary.htm |access-date=9 January 2026 |website=Rugby Town FC}}</ref> Ya yi murabus a ranar 11 ga Satumba. A watan Yunin 2016, Mills ya koma tsohuwar ƙungiyarsa, King's Lynn Town, a matsayin ɗan wasa-koci. An ɗaukaka shi zuwa mataimakin manaja a watan Satumba na 2016. <ref>{{Cite web |title=King's Lynn Town Football Club - Pen Pictures 2015-16 |url=https://www.thelinnets.co.uk/penpics2016.php?a=5 |access-date=10 January 2026 |website=thelinnets.co.uk}}</ref> A ranar 19 ga Oktoba na 2016, an naɗa Mills a matsayin manajan ƙungiyar Corby Town ta Southern League Division One Central. <ref>{{Cite web |title=&#124; Gary Mills is the New Corby Boss |url=http://www.corbytownfc.co.uk/news/2016/gary-mills-is-the-new-corby-boss/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170206103614/http://www.corbytownfc.co.uk/news/2016/gary-mills-is-the-new-corby-boss/ |archive-date=6 February 2017 |access-date=6 February 2017 |publisher=Corby Town FC}}</ref> An kore shi a ranar 9 ga Afrilu na 2017 bayan wasanni biyar da ya yi ba tare da nasara ba, wanda ya bar Steelman a matsayi na 21 a teburin. Daga nan ya koma Northampton Town a cikin tsarin makarantarsu a matsayin babban kocin a matakin 'yan ƙasa da shekara 16. Ya koma St Ives Town a matsayin koci a watan Yulin 2020. A watan Disamba na 2022, an nada shi babban kocin ci gaban ƙwararru a Coventry City, ya koma ƙungiyar daga Milton Keynes Dons inda ya riƙe irin wannan matsayi. A watan Satumba na 2023, an naɗa Mills a matsayin kocin ƙungiya ta farko a ƙungiyar League One ta Burton Albion . Bayan korar Dino Maamria a ranar 9 ga Disamba 2023, an naɗa Mills a matsayin kocin riƙo. Ya koma matsayinsa na kocin ƙungiya ta farko bayan naɗa [[Martin Paterson]] a ranar 11 ga Janairu 2024. A ranar 31 ga Mayu 2024, Mills ya bar Burton Albion bayan tafiyar Paterson. Ya shiga aikin horar da Steve Evans a Rotherham United a watan Yulin 2024, ya tafi tare da Evans a watan Maris na 2025. Ya koma aikin horar da shi a Milton Keynes Dons. Ya koma Port Vale a matsayin mataimakin sabon manaja Jon Brady a watan Janairun 2026. == Rayuwa ta sirri == Ɗansa, Harley, ya zama ƙwararre a Peterborough United . == Ƙididdigar aiki == === Ƙididdigar wasa === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Appearances and goals by club, season and competition ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |FA Cup ! colspan="2" |League Cup ! colspan="2" |Other ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- | rowspan="8" |Rushden &amp;amp; Diamonds |1999–2000<ref name="aylesbury">{{Cite web |title=Gary Mills {{!}} Player Profile · Aylesbury United Archive |url=https://www.aylesburyunitedarchive.com/player/gary-mills/6611 |access-date=9 January 2026 |website=www.aylesburyunitedarchive.com}}</ref> |Conference |16 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |16 |0 |- |2000–01 |Conference |21 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— |2{{Efn|1 appearance in the [[EFL Trophy|Football League Trophy]] and 1 appearances in the Conference Trophy}} |0 |24 |0 |- |2001–02 |Third Division |9 |0 |0 |0 |2 |0 |1{{Efn|Appearance in the Football League Trophy}} |0 |12 |0 |- |2002–03 |Third Division |30 |0 |2 |0 |2 |0 |1[b] |0 |35 |0 |- |[[2000–04 Rushden & Diamonds F.C. season|2003–04]] |Second Division |30 |1 |1 |0 |1 |0 |2[b] |0 |34 |1 |- |[[2004–05 Rushden & Diamonds F.C. season|2004–05]] |League Two |7 |1 |0 |0 |1 |0 |0 |0 |8 |1 |- |[[2005–06 Rushden & Diamonds F.C. season|2005–06]] |League Two |11 |0 |2 |0 |0 |0 |1[b] |0 |14 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !124 !2 !6 !0 !6 !0 !7 !0 !143 !2 |- |Crawley Town |2006–07<ref name="aylesbury" /> |Conference National |21 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |21 |0 |- |Rushden & Diamonds |2006–07<ref name="aylesbury" /> |Conference National |17 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |17 |0 |- |[[Stevenage FC|Stevenage Borough]] |2008–09<ref name="borostat">{{Cite web |title=Gary Mills {{!}} Player Profile {{!}} Stevenage Football Archive |url=https://www.stevenagefootballarchive.co.uk/player.php?id=605 |access-date=9 January 2026 |website=www.stevenagefootballarchive.co.uk |language=en}}</ref> |Conference Premier |30 |1 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |— |7{{Efn|4 appearances in the [[FA Trophy]] and 2 appearances in the play-offs}} |0 |39 |1 |- | rowspan="3" |Mansfield Town |2009–10<ref name="aylesbury" /> |Conference Premier |26 |0 |3 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |29 |0 |- |2010–11<ref name="aylesbury" /> |Conference Premier |18 |1 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |18 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !44 !1 !3 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !47 !1 |- |[[Forest Green Rovers FC|Forest Green Rovers]] (loan) |2010–11<ref name="aylesbury" /> |Conference Premier |2 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |2 |0 |- |Rushden & Diamonds |2010–11<ref name="aylesbury" /> |Conference Premier |21 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |21 |0 |- |Bath City |2011–12<ref name="aylesbury" /> |Conference Premier |4 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |4 |0 |- |Nuneaton Town |2011–12<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nuneaton Town 2011-2012 |url=http://www.fromtowntotown.org.uk/assets/stats-sheet-1889-2019.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200709014621/http://www.fromtowntotown.org.uk/assets/stats-sheet-1889-2019.pdf |archive-date=9 July 2020 |access-date=10 July 2020 |website=fromtowntotown.org.uk}}</ref> |Conference North |23 |5 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |1{{Efn|Appearance in the [[Birmingham Senior Cup]]}} |0 |4 |0 |- |Lincoln City |2012–13<ref name="aylesbury" /> |Conference Premier |18 |0 |4 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |22 |0 |- |Boston United |2013–14<ref>{{Cite web |title=Boston United Football Club First Team statistics |url=https://www.bostonunited.co.uk/teams/24809/statistics?season=17574 |access-date=9 January 2026 |website=Boston United FC}}</ref> |Conference North |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |1{{Efn|Appearance in the [[Lincolnshire Senior Cup]]}} |0 |1 |0 |- |King's Lynn Town (loan) |2013–14<ref name="aylesbury" /> |[[Northern Premier League]]<br /><br />Premier Division |18 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |20 |0 |- |Rugby Town |2015–16<ref name="rugg">{{Cite web |title=Rugby Town FC {{!}} Official Website {{!}} Ex-Manager {{!}} Gary Mills |url=http://www.rugbytownfc.com/archive/players/mills-gary.htm |access-date=9 January 2026 |website=Rugby Town FC}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.rugbytownfc.com/archive/players/mills-gary.htm "Rugby Town FC | Official Website | Ex-Manager | Gary Mills"]. ''Rugby Town FC''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 January</span> 2026</span>.</cite></ref> |Northern Premier League<br /><br />Division One South |2 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |2 |0 |- |King's Lynn Town |2016–17<ref name="aylesbury" /> |Southern League<br /><br />Premier Division |8 |0 |2 |1 | colspan="2" |— |1 |0 |11 |1 |- |St Ives Town |2020–21<ref name="aylesbury" /> |Southern League<br /><br />Premier Division Central |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !332 !9 !19 !1 !6 !0 !16 !0 !373 !10 |- |} <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Notelist}} === Ƙididdigar gudanarwa === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" |+Tarihin gudanarwa ta ƙungiya da kuma lokacin aiki ! rowspan="2" | Ƙungiyar ! rowspan="2" | Daga ! rowspan="2" | Zuwa ! colspan="5" | Rikodi ! rowspan="2" | {{Abbr|Ref|Reference}} |- ! {{Abbr|P|Matches played}} ! {{Abbr|W|Matches won}} ! {{Abbr|D|Matches drawn}} ! {{Abbr|L|Matches lost}} ! {{Abbr|Win %|Win percentage}} |- | align="left" | Burton Albion (mai kula) | align="left" | 9 ga Disamba 2023 | align="left" | 11 Janairu 2024{{WDL|8|2|2|4|decimals=1}} | |} == Daraja == '''Rushden & Diamonds''' * Taron Ƙwallon Ƙafa : 2000–01 * Gasar Kwallon Kafa ta Kashi na Uku : 2002–03 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Football Club History Database - Football League 2002-03 |url=https://fchd.info/lghist/fl2003.htm |access-date=9 January 2026 |website=fchd.info}}</ref> '''Garin Kettering''' * Taron Arewa : 2007–08 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Football Club History Database - Football Conference 2007-08 |url=https://fchd.info/lghist/conf2008.htm |access-date=9 January 2026 |website=fchd.info}}</ref> '''Stevenage Borough''' * Kofin FA : 2008–09 '''Garin Nuneaton''' * Wasannin da za a buga a gasar Conference North: 2011–12 == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1981]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] kkysvlzcdb3v6iopyqtaoxskpk6o96e 0 161076 878895 2026-07-08T10:22:35Z Abdurra'uf 23412 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1361203549|Lionel Taylor]]" 878895 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lionel Thomas Taylor''' (Agusta 15, 1935 - Agusta 6, 2025) ɗan wasan [[Kwallon ƙafa na Amurka|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne kuma koci ɗan Amurka. Ya buga wasa a matsayin mai karɓar ƙwallon ƙafa mai yawa, musamman tare da Denver Broncos na American Football League (AFL). Taylor ya jagoranci gasar a cikin liyafa na tsawon shekaru biyar daga cikin shekaru shida na farko na wanzuwar gasar. Shi ne ɗan wasa na biyu da ya jagoranci gasar a cikin liyafa na akalla shekaru biyar, Taylor a halin yanzu shi ne na ƙarshe da ya yi hakan. Shi ne mai karɓar ƙwallon ƙafa na uku da ya kai liyafa 500 a tarihin ƙwallon ƙafa na ƙwararru. <ref>{{Cite web |title=NFL Career Receptions Leaders Through 1965 |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/leaders/rec_career_1965.htm |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com}}</ref> Shi ma ya kasance mataimakin koci na dogon lokaci a gasar, inda ya lashe Super Bowls biyu tare da Pittsburgh Steelers . A shekarar 2024, an ba shi lambar yabo ta ƙwarewa ta Pro Football Hall of Fame saboda aikinsa na mataimakin. <ref>{{Cite web |date=March 28, 2024 |title=Three Steelers front office honored by Pro Football Hall of Fame's Awards of Excellence |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/pittsburgh/news/three-steelers-front-office-members-honored-by-pro-football-hall-of-fames-awards-of-excellence/ |access-date=May 15, 2024 |website=cbsnews.com}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Taylor a ranar 15 ga Agusta, 1935, a Kansas City, Missouri . Mahaifinsa (mai hakar ma'adinai) da mahaifiyarsa (mai dafa abinci), JC da Bertha Glend sun girma a Lorado, West Virginia . Ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Buffalo da ke Accoville, West Virginia, inda ya buga wasanni uku, inda ya fito a ƙwallon ƙafa da ƙwallon kwando (wani lokacin ana kiransa "Mr. 30" saboda ƙwarewarsa a ƙwallon kwando). <ref>{{Cite web |title=West Virginia Sports Hall of Fame |url=https://wvswa.org/west-virginia-sports-hall-of-fame-p972-482.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=wvswa.org}}</ref> Ya kasance na biyu a ƙungiyar All-State a ƙwallon ƙafa da ƙwallon kwando a matsayin ɗalibi na farko, inda ya kammala karatunsa a 1953. <ref name=":12">{{Cite web |last=Lusk |first=Bill |date=2025-08-18 |title=Remembering Lionel Taylor, a Pioneer, Mentor, Quiet Giant of Football |url=https://www.wvowradio.com/post/remembering-lionel-taylor-a-pioneer-mentor-quiet-giant-of-football |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=WVOW Radio |language=en}}</ref> == Kwallon kafa na kwaleji == Taylor ya fara zuwa Kwalejin Jihar West Virginia (wanda yanzu Jami'ar Jihar West Virginia ce). Ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa na shekara ɗaya a gasar Yellow Jackets . Makarantar ba ta sami damar bayar da wani tallafin kuɗi ta hanyar tallafin karatu ba, kuma damar da shirin ƙwallon ƙafarsa ya samu nasara ba ta da kyau. A wannan lokacin, kocin a Jami'ar New Mexico Highlands (NMHU), wacce ke Las Vegas, New Mexico, ita ce Donnie Gibson, wacce ta kasance fitacciyar 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a Kwalejin Marshall (yanzu Jami'ar Marshall) da ke Huntington, West Virginia . Gibson ya yi nasarar ɗaukar Taylor daga Jihar West Virginia, inda ya ba Taylor cikakken tallafin karatu don buga ƙwallon ƙafa a NMHU, kuma Taylor ya koma NMHU. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=Marshall University |url=https://www.cityofhuntington.com//visitors/marshall-university |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=City of Huntington, WV |language=en}}</ref> <ref name=":20">{{Cite web |last=Wright |first=Rick |last2= |first2= |last3= |first3= |date=2025-08-15 |title=Lionel Taylor, former NMHU and Denver Broncos star, dies at 89 (Albuquerque Journal) |url=https://sports.yahoo.com/article/lionel-taylor-former-nmhu-denver-030700096.html |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=Yahoo Sports |language=en-US}}</ref> An kuma ruwaito cewa ɗan'uwan Gibson da Gibson sun yi ƙoƙarin ɗaukar Taylor daga makarantar sakandare don NMHU, amma Taylor ya zaɓi Jihar West Virginia. Bayan ya yanke shawarar barin Jihar West Virginia, Taylor ya tuntuɓi kocin Gibson wanda har yanzu yana sha'awar Taylor. Taylor ya ɗauki kwana uku a cikin motar bas don ganawa da Gibson a Albuquerque ; daga ƙarshe ya yanke shawarar canzawa zuwa NMHU. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Williamson |first=Dwight |date=2020-06-10 |title=Charlie Cowan -- another NFL legend from Logan County |url=https://www.coalvalleynews.com/opinion/dwight-williamson-charlie-cowan----another-nfl-legend-from-logan-county/article_cfc9f183-60fe-5a5b-b0bd-1e035a4c8538.html |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=The Coal Valley News |language=en}}</ref> Ya kammala karatunsa daga NMHU a 1958, tare da digiri na farko na Fasaha . Taylor ya sami lambar yabo ta All- Friendry Conference a shekarun 1955 da 1956. An ambaci shi a matsayin All-America a shekarar 1956. Ƙungiyoyi shida na NFL sun tuntuɓi Taylor da tayin a shekarar 1957. A matsayinsa na ɗalibi na farko a shekarar 1957, Gibson ya naɗa Taylor, mai shekaru 22, kocin ƙungiyar, ko na baya da/ko na ƙarshe; kuma mai leƙen asiri. Ba a biyan Taylor albashi don haka zai iya riƙe matsayinsa na ɗan wasa a kakar wasan ƙwallon kwando. Shi ne mataimakin kocin Gibson tilo a wannan kakar, wanda a lokacin bai cancanci buga ƙwallon ƙafa ba saboda kakar wasa ɗaya da ya yi a West Virginia State. Baya ga ƙwallon ƙafa, Taylor ya yi fice a [[Kwallon kwando|ƙwallon kwando]] na tsawon shekaru uku a NMHU, kuma ya kasance a ƙungiyar tsere na tsawon kakar wasa ɗaya. A tsawon aikinsa na ƙwallon kwando a NMHU, Taylor ya sami matsakaicin maki 22 a kowace wasa a ƙarƙashin Gibson, wanda kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin kocin ƙwallon kwando na makarantar. An ambaci taron All-Frontier a tsakiyar wasan ƙwallon kwando a kakar wasa ta 1955-1956, kuma ya kasance taron All-Frontier a kakar wasa mai zuwa (1956-57), lokacin da shi ne na biyu mafi yawan kwallaye a gasar. Gibson ya yi imanin cewa Taylor zai iya zama ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon kwando, musamman tare da kyakkyawan harbinsa da kuma tsaron gida mai ƙarfi. A gasar tseren tsere ta Frontier Conference ta 1956, Taylor ya zo na farko a tsalle mai tsayi, matsayi na biyu a cikin discus, sannan na uku a bugun harbi . <ref name=":20">{{Cite web |last=Wright |first=Rick |last2= |first2= |last3= |first3= |date=2025-08-15 |title=Lionel Taylor, former NMHU and Denver Broncos star, dies at 89 (Albuquerque Journal) |url=https://sports.yahoo.com/article/lionel-taylor-former-nmhu-denver-030700096.html |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=Yahoo Sports |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFWright2025">Wright, Rick (August 15, 2025). [https://sports.yahoo.com/article/lionel-taylor-former-nmhu-denver-030700096.html "Lionel Taylor, former NMHU and Denver Broncos star, dies at 89 (Albuquerque Journal)"]. ''Yahoo Sports''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 3,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> Taylor ya yi wa Charlie Cowan, ɗan wasan NFL na gaba a Makarantar Sakandare ta Buffalo, shekaru uku kafin ɗan wasan NFL na gaba a Makarantar Sakandare ta Buffalo. Kamar Taylor, Cowan ya fara zuwa Jihar West Virginia, amma Cowan ya bar makarantar. Da ya dawo gida West Virginia a lokacin hutun Kirsimeti, Taylor ya yi magana da Cowan ya kuma ji labarin halin da yake ciki. Daga nan Taylor ya kira koci Gibson ya gaya wa Gibson ya kawo Cowan zuwa NMHU, wanda Gibson ya yi. Taylor da Cowan sun yi wasa shekara ɗaya tare a NMHU. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Williamson |first=Dwight |date=2020-06-10 |title=Charlie Cowan -- another NFL legend from Logan County |url=https://www.coalvalleynews.com/opinion/dwight-williamson-charlie-cowan----another-nfl-legend-from-logan-county/article_cfc9f183-60fe-5a5b-b0bd-1e035a4c8538.html |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=The Coal Valley News |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFWilliamson2020">Williamson, Dwight (June 10, 2020). [https://www.coalvalleynews.com/opinion/dwight-williamson-charlie-cowan----another-nfl-legend-from-logan-county/article_cfc9f183-60fe-5a5b-b0bd-1e035a4c8538.html "Charlie Cowan -- another NFL legend from Logan County"]. ''The Coal Valley News''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> Cowan ya kammala karatunsa daga NMHU a 1961, sannan ya zama ɗan wasan gaba ga Los Angeles Rams a Gasar Kwallon Kafa ta Ƙasa (NFL) na tsawon shekaru 15. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Charlie Cowan Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/C/CowaCh00.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2025]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1935]] 668njoy9hnz6cdk90wy1dey2rakpixg 878896 878895 2026-07-08T10:24:27Z Abdurra'uf 23412 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1361203549|Lionel Taylor]]" 878896 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lionel Thomas Taylor''' (Agusta 15, 1935 - Agusta 6, 2025) ɗan wasan [[Kwallon ƙafa na Amurka|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne kuma koci ɗan Amurka. Ya buga wasa a matsayin mai karɓar ƙwallon ƙafa mai yawa, musamman tare da Denver Broncos na American Football League (AFL). Taylor ya jagoranci gasar a cikin liyafa na tsawon shekaru biyar daga cikin shekaru shida na farko na wanzuwar gasar. Shi ne ɗan wasa na biyu da ya jagoranci gasar a cikin liyafa na akalla shekaru biyar, Taylor a halin yanzu shi ne na ƙarshe da ya yi hakan. Shi ne mai karɓar ƙwallon ƙafa na uku da ya kai liyafa 500 a tarihin ƙwallon ƙafa na ƙwararru. <ref>{{Cite web |title=NFL Career Receptions Leaders Through 1965 |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/leaders/rec_career_1965.htm |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com}}</ref> Shi ma ya kasance mataimakin koci na dogon lokaci a gasar, inda ya lashe Super Bowls biyu tare da Pittsburgh Steelers . A shekarar 2024, an ba shi lambar yabo ta ƙwarewa ta Pro Football Hall of Fame saboda aikinsa na mataimakin. <ref>{{Cite web |date=March 28, 2024 |title=Three Steelers front office honored by Pro Football Hall of Fame's Awards of Excellence |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/pittsburgh/news/three-steelers-front-office-members-honored-by-pro-football-hall-of-fames-awards-of-excellence/ |access-date=May 15, 2024 |website=cbsnews.com}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Taylor a ranar 15 ga Agusta, 1935, a Kansas City, Missouri . Mahaifinsa (mai hakar ma'adinai) da mahaifiyarsa (mai dafa abinci), JC da Bertha Glend sun girma a Lorado, West Virginia . Ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Buffalo da ke Accoville, West Virginia, inda ya buga wasanni uku, inda ya fito a ƙwallon ƙafa da ƙwallon kwando (wani lokacin ana kiransa "Mr. 30" saboda ƙwarewarsa a ƙwallon kwando). <ref>{{Cite web |title=West Virginia Sports Hall of Fame |url=https://wvswa.org/west-virginia-sports-hall-of-fame-p972-482.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=wvswa.org}}</ref> Ya kasance na biyu a ƙungiyar All-State a ƙwallon ƙafa da ƙwallon kwando a matsayin ɗalibi na farko, inda ya kammala karatunsa a 1953. <ref name=":12">{{Cite web |last=Lusk |first=Bill |date=2025-08-18 |title=Remembering Lionel Taylor, a Pioneer, Mentor, Quiet Giant of Football |url=https://www.wvowradio.com/post/remembering-lionel-taylor-a-pioneer-mentor-quiet-giant-of-football |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=WVOW Radio |language=en}}</ref> == Kwallon kafa na kwaleji == Taylor ya fara zuwa Kwalejin Jihar West Virginia (wanda yanzu Jami'ar Jihar West Virginia ce). Ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa na shekara ɗaya a gasar Yellow Jackets . Makarantar ba ta sami damar bayar da wani tallafin kuɗi ta hanyar tallafin karatu ba, kuma damar da shirin ƙwallon ƙafarsa ya samu nasara ba ta da kyau. A wannan lokacin, kocin a Jami'ar New Mexico Highlands (NMHU), wacce ke Las Vegas, New Mexico, ita ce Donnie Gibson, wacce ta kasance fitacciyar 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a Kwalejin Marshall (yanzu Jami'ar Marshall) da ke Huntington, West Virginia . Gibson ya yi nasarar ɗaukar Taylor daga Jihar West Virginia, inda ya ba Taylor cikakken tallafin karatu don buga ƙwallon ƙafa a NMHU, kuma Taylor ya koma NMHU. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=Marshall University |url=https://www.cityofhuntington.com//visitors/marshall-university |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=City of Huntington, WV |language=en}}</ref> <ref name=":20">{{Cite web |last=Wright |first=Rick |last2= |first2= |last3= |first3= |date=2025-08-15 |title=Lionel Taylor, former NMHU and Denver Broncos star, dies at 89 (Albuquerque Journal) |url=https://sports.yahoo.com/article/lionel-taylor-former-nmhu-denver-030700096.html |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=Yahoo Sports |language=en-US}}</ref> An kuma ruwaito cewa ɗan'uwan Gibson da Gibson sun yi ƙoƙarin ɗaukar Taylor daga makarantar sakandare don NMHU, amma Taylor ya zaɓi Jihar West Virginia. Bayan ya yanke shawarar barin Jihar West Virginia, Taylor ya tuntuɓi kocin Gibson wanda har yanzu yana sha'awar Taylor. Taylor ya ɗauki kwana uku a cikin motar bas don ganawa da Gibson a Albuquerque ; daga ƙarshe ya yanke shawarar canzawa zuwa NMHU. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Williamson |first=Dwight |date=2020-06-10 |title=Charlie Cowan -- another NFL legend from Logan County |url=https://www.coalvalleynews.com/opinion/dwight-williamson-charlie-cowan----another-nfl-legend-from-logan-county/article_cfc9f183-60fe-5a5b-b0bd-1e035a4c8538.html |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=The Coal Valley News |language=en}}</ref> Ya kammala karatunsa daga NMHU a 1958, tare da digiri na farko na Fasaha . Taylor ya sami lambar yabo ta All- Friendry Conference a shekarun 1955 da 1956. An ambaci shi a matsayin All-America a shekarar 1956. Ƙungiyoyi shida na NFL sun tuntuɓi Taylor da tayin a shekarar 1957. A matsayinsa na ɗalibi na farko a shekarar 1957, Gibson ya naɗa Taylor, mai shekaru 22, kocin ƙungiyar, ko na baya da/ko na ƙarshe; kuma mai leƙen asiri. Ba a biyan Taylor albashi don haka zai iya riƙe matsayinsa na ɗan wasa a kakar wasan ƙwallon kwando. Shi ne mataimakin kocin Gibson tilo a wannan kakar, wanda a lokacin bai cancanci buga ƙwallon ƙafa ba saboda kakar wasa ɗaya da ya yi a West Virginia State. Baya ga ƙwallon ƙafa, Taylor ya yi fice a [[Kwallon kwando|ƙwallon kwando]] na tsawon shekaru uku a NMHU, kuma ya kasance a ƙungiyar tsere na tsawon kakar wasa ɗaya. A tsawon aikinsa na ƙwallon kwando a NMHU, Taylor ya sami matsakaicin maki 22 a kowace wasa a ƙarƙashin Gibson, wanda kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin kocin ƙwallon kwando na makarantar. An ambaci taron All-Frontier a tsakiyar wasan ƙwallon kwando a kakar wasa ta 1955-1956, kuma ya kasance taron All-Frontier a kakar wasa mai zuwa (1956-57), lokacin da shi ne na biyu mafi yawan kwallaye a gasar. Gibson ya yi imanin cewa Taylor zai iya zama ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon kwando, musamman tare da kyakkyawan harbinsa da kuma tsaron gida mai ƙarfi. A gasar tseren tsere ta Frontier Conference ta 1956, Taylor ya zo na farko a tsalle mai tsayi, matsayi na biyu a cikin discus, sannan na uku a bugun harbi . <ref name=":20">{{Cite web |last=Wright |first=Rick |last2= |first2= |last3= |first3= |date=2025-08-15 |title=Lionel Taylor, former NMHU and Denver Broncos star, dies at 89 (Albuquerque Journal) |url=https://sports.yahoo.com/article/lionel-taylor-former-nmhu-denver-030700096.html |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=Yahoo Sports |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFWright2025">Wright, Rick (August 15, 2025). [https://sports.yahoo.com/article/lionel-taylor-former-nmhu-denver-030700096.html "Lionel Taylor, former NMHU and Denver Broncos star, dies at 89 (Albuquerque Journal)"]. ''Yahoo Sports''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 3,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> Taylor ya yi wa Charlie Cowan, ɗan wasan NFL na gaba a Makarantar Sakandare ta Buffalo, shekaru uku kafin ɗan wasan NFL na gaba a Makarantar Sakandare ta Buffalo. Kamar Taylor, Cowan ya fara zuwa Jihar West Virginia, amma Cowan ya bar makarantar. Da ya dawo gida West Virginia a lokacin hutun Kirsimeti, Taylor ya yi magana da Cowan ya kuma ji labarin halin da yake ciki. Daga nan Taylor ya kira koci Gibson ya gaya wa Gibson ya kawo Cowan zuwa NMHU, wanda Gibson ya yi. Taylor da Cowan sun yi wasa shekara ɗaya tare a NMHU. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Williamson |first=Dwight |date=2020-06-10 |title=Charlie Cowan -- another NFL legend from Logan County |url=https://www.coalvalleynews.com/opinion/dwight-williamson-charlie-cowan----another-nfl-legend-from-logan-county/article_cfc9f183-60fe-5a5b-b0bd-1e035a4c8538.html |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=The Coal Valley News |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFWilliamson2020">Williamson, Dwight (June 10, 2020). [https://www.coalvalleynews.com/opinion/dwight-williamson-charlie-cowan----another-nfl-legend-from-logan-county/article_cfc9f183-60fe-5a5b-b0bd-1e035a4c8538.html "Charlie Cowan -- another NFL legend from Logan County"]. ''The Coal Valley News''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> Cowan ya kammala karatunsa daga NMHU a 1961, sannan ya zama ɗan wasan gaba ga Los Angeles Rams a Gasar Kwallon Kafa ta Ƙasa (NFL) na tsawon shekaru 15. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Charlie Cowan Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/C/CowaCh00.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> == Ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙwararru == === Beyar Chicago === Ba a zaɓi Taylor a cikin zaɓen NFL ba. A shekarar 1958, Chicago Bears ta gayyace shi ya gwada wa ƙungiyar, kuma ta sanya hannu kan kwangila a watan Yunin 1958. Bai shiga Bears ba, kuma ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta semipro ga wata ƙungiya a Bakersfield, California . Bears sun dawo da shi sansanin horo a 1959. Ya kasance cikin ƙungiyar na wasanni takwas a wannan kakar, amma ba shi da ƙididdigar kai hari, kuma bai buga wasannin ba a mafi yawan lokuta. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1959 Chicago Bears Rosters, Stats, Schedule, Team Draftees |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/teams/chi/1959.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> Taylor shine ɗan wasan NMHU na farko a NFL. <ref name=":5" /> An jera shi a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba a jerin 'yan wasan Bears na 1959. <ref name=":22">{{Cite web |title=1959 Chicago Bears Roster & Players |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/teams/chi/1959_roster.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=1959 Chicago Bears (NFL) Scores, Roster, Stats, Coaches, Draft |url=https://profootballarchives.com/1959nflchib.html |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=profootballarchives.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chicago Bears All-Time Roster {{!}} The Football Database |url=https://www.footballdb.com/teams/nfl/chicago-bears/alltime-roster?letter=T |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=FootballDB.com |language=en}}</ref> Ya kasance mai kare 'yan wasan Harlon Hill da Jim Dooley, amma bai yi wasa sosai ba. <ref name=":22" /> A wasan da aka yi tsakanin Bears da San Francisco 49ers a ranar 25 ga Oktoba, 1959, an ruwaito cewa Taylor ya shigo wasan a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbinsa a ƙarshe. A cikin jerin 'yan wasan Bears na lokacin don wasan da suka yi da Los Angeles Rams a ranar 1 ga Nuwamba, 1959, an jera shi a matsayin wanda zai buga wasan. A ranar 6 ga Disamba, 1959, jerin 'yan wasa na wasan da Bears da Pittsburgh Steelers suka buga sun jera Taylor a rabin baya. Ya kuma buga wasan a wasan gaba a kakar wasa ta 1960 don Bears. A tsakiyar watan Agusta na shekarar 1960, a wasan share fagen kakar wasa tsakanin Bears da New York Giants, Taylor ya samu bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida na yadi shida daga hannun Zeke Bratkowski . Wasu labarai na baya-bayan nan game da Taylor, waɗanda aka buga shekaru da yawa bayan ƙarshen aikinsa na wasa, sun bayyana cewa ya buga wasanni takwas tare da Bears a 1959 a matsayin mai tsaron baya, kuma Denver Broncos daga baya za su canza shi zuwa mai karɓar wasa. Wannan ya bayyana sabanin sauran majiyoyi, da kuma rahotannin jaridu na zamani daga 1959. <ref name=":10">{{Cite web |last=Mosley |first=Kyle T. |date=2025-08-14 |title=Lionel Taylor: Former Texas Southern Football Coach Dies At 89 |url=https://www.si.com/college/hbcu/football/lionel-taylor-former-texas-southern-football-coach-dies-at-89 |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=HBCU Legends On SI |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":12">{{Cite web |last=Lusk |first=Bill |date=2025-08-18 |title=Remembering Lionel Taylor, a Pioneer, Mentor, Quiet Giant of Football |url=https://www.wvowradio.com/post/remembering-lionel-taylor-a-pioneer-mentor-quiet-giant-of-football |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=WVOW Radio |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFLusk2025">Lusk, Bill (August 18, 2025). [https://www.wvowradio.com/post/remembering-lionel-taylor-a-pioneer-mentor-quiet-giant-of-football "Remembering Lionel Taylor, a Pioneer, Mentor, Quiet Giant of Football"]. ''WVOW Radio''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> [[Fayil:LionelTaylor1961.png|thumb|Taylor a shekarar 1961.]] A shekarar 1960, Taylor yana tunanin shiga sabuwar gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL), wadda ta fara kakar wasa ta farko. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1960 AFL Standings & Team Stats |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/1960_AFL/index.htm |access-date=2025-09-17 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=General History - Chronology (1960 to 1979) {{!}} Pro Football Hall of Fame |url=https://www.profootballhof.com/football-history/general-history-chronology-1960-to-1979 |access-date=2025-09-17 |website=pfhof |language=en}}</ref> Ya tattauna da George Halas, mai Bears kuma kocinsu. Halas ya ba Taylor makonni biyu don ya yanke shawara, kuma Taylor ya yanke shawarar zuwa sabuwar gasar. Bayan da Bears suka sake shi a watan Satumbar 1960, an sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar Denver Broncos na AFL a ranar Juma'a da safe, 23 ga Satumba, 1960. Daga baya a wannan ranar, ya buga wasan receiver mai faɗi a wasansa na farko a Broncos (wasan na uku na kakar wasan ƙungiyar). Taylor ya yi liyafa shida na yadi 125, da kuma kamawar touchdown mai yadi 32 da mintuna kaɗan suka rage a wasan. <ref name=":6" /> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Denver Broncos at New York Titans - September 23rd, 1960 |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/boxscores/196009230nyj.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> A wasan da aka buga a ranar 27 ga Nuwamba da Buffalo Bills, Taylor ya yi liyafa tara na yadi 199. Wannan ya haɗa da touchdowns uku na yadi 80, 24 da 35 a cikin mintuna 19. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Buffalo Bills at Denver Broncos - November 27th, 1960 |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/boxscores/196011270den.htm |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> A wasanni 11 da ya buga a wannan kakar, ya jagoranci AFL da liyafa 92; liyafa 20 fiye da sauran 'yan wasa masu jan hankali a AFL. Jimillar yadi 1,235 da ya samu shi ne na uku mafi kyau a AFL, kuma liyafa 12 da ya samu sun yi daidai da na biyu mafi kyau. <ref name=":7">{{Cite web |title=1960 AFL Leaders and Leaderboards |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/1960_AFL/leaders.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> Ya samu matsakaicin yadi 102.9 a kowane wasa, wanda shi ne na biyu mafi kyau a AFL. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1960 Denver Broncos Rosters, Stats, Schedule, Team Draftees |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/teams/den/1960.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref name=":7" /> An nada shi a matsayin All-AFL a matsayin na farko a kungiyar ta Associated Press (AP), United Press International (UPI) da kuma AFL. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1960 AFL All-Pros |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/1960_AFL/allpro.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> A shekarar 1961, ya fara dukkan wasanni 14 na Broncos a wide receiver, kuma ya zama ɗan wasan AFL ko NFL na farko da ya kama pass 100 a kakar wasa, yayin da kuma ya jagoranci AFL a liyafar. <ref name=":12" /> <ref name=":13">{{Cite web |title=1961 AFL Leaders and Leaderboards |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/1961_AFL/leaders.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref name=":14">{{Cite web |title=1961 Denver Broncos Rosters, Stats, Schedule, Team Draftees |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/teams/den/1961.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref name=":10" /> Ya kasance na biyu a AFL da yadi 1,176 na karɓar, <ref name=":13" /> kuma ya sami liyafar taɓawa sau huɗu. <ref name=":14" /> An zaɓe shi don ya buga wasa a Wasan All-Star na farko na AFL a ranar 7 ga Janairu, 1962. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1961 Season AFL All-Star Game |url=http://www.remembertheafl.com/1961SeasonAFLAllStarGame.htm |access-date=2025-09-21 |website=www.remembertheafl.com}}</ref> <ref name=":14" /> An sake naɗa shi a matsayin ɗan wasa na farko na All-AFL ta AP, UPI da AFL. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1961 AFL All-Pros |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/1961_AFL/allpro.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> Wani ɗan wasa ɗaya tilo da ya taɓa samun liyafa sama da 100 a kakar wasa 14 shine Charley Hennigan na Houston Oilers a 1964 (101). Tun lokacin da NFL ta faɗaɗa zuwa buga wasanni 16 ko fiye na kakar wasa ta yau da kullun a cikin kakar wasa ɗaya, a cikin 1978, <ref>{{Cite web |title=NFL.com {{!}} Official Site of the National Football League |url=https://www.nfl.com/standings/division/1978/reg |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=NFL.com |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=NFL.com {{!}} Official Site of the National Football League |url=https://www.nfl.com/standings/division/1977/REG |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=NFL.com |language=en-US}}</ref> an yi nasarar wannan nasarar sau da yawa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=NFL Receptions Single-Season Leaders |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/leaders/rec_single_season.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> Ya sake jagorantar AFL a shekarar 1962 da karɓar baƙi 77, kuma ya sami jimillar yadi 908 na karɓa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1962 AFL Leaders and Leaderboards |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/1962_AFL/leaders.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=1962 Denver Broncos Rosters, Stats, Schedule, Team Draftees |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/teams/den/1962.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> An sake naɗa shi AFL All-Star, kuma an zaɓe shi a matsayin All-AFL na ƙungiyar farko ta AP da kuma UPI na ƙungiyar ta biyu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1962 Denver Broncos Rosters, Stats, Schedule, Team Draftees |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/teams/den/1962.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=1962 AFL All-Pros |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/1962_AFL/allpro.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> A shekarar 1963, ya jagoranci AFL a shekara ta huɗu a jere tare da karɓar baƙi 78. Ya sami yadi sama da 1,000 na karɓa a karo na uku (yadi 1,101). An daidaita shi a matsayi na huɗu mafi yawa tare da karɓar baƙi 10. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1963 AFL Leaders and Leaderboards |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/1963_AFL/leaders.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=1963 Denver Broncos Rosters, Stats, Schedule, Team Draftees |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/teams/den/1963.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> UPI ta naɗa shi a matsayin All-AFL na ƙungiya ta biyu a shekarar 1963. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1963 AFL All-Pros |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/1963_AFL/allpro.htm |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> Charley Hennigan ya jagoranci AFL da liyafa 101 a shekarar 1964, inda ya zama mutum na farko bayan Taylor da ya jagoranci AFL a jimillar liyafa. Taylor ya yi kunnen doki a matsayi na biyu da liyafa 76. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1964 AFL Leaders and Leaderboards |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/1964_AFL/leaders.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> Ya sami yadi 873 da touchdowns bakwai. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1964 Denver Broncos Rosters, Stats, Schedule, Team Draftees |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/teams/den/1964.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> A shekarar 1965, ya sake jagorantar AFL da liyafa 85 (fiye da mai karɓa na biyu 16). Ya kasance na uku mafi yawan yadi a gasar (yadi 1,131). <ref>{{Cite web |title=1965 AFL Leaders and Leaderboards |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/1965_AFL/leaders.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> Ya sami touchdowns shida a wannan shekarar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1965 Denver Broncos Rosters, Stats, Schedule, Team Draftees |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/teams/den/1965.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> UPI ta nada shi a matsayin ƙungiyar farko ta All-AFL, kamar yadda AFL, AP, Newspaper Enterprise Association (NEA), da <nowiki><i id="mwAZk">The Sporting News</i></nowiki> suka yi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1965 AFL All-Pros |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/1965_AFL/allpro.htm |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=1965 AFL and NFL Awards |url=https://www.profootballarchives.com/1965awards.html |access-date=2026-01-19 |website=www.profootballarchives.com}}</ref> A shekarar 1966, Taylor ya sake fara wasanni 14, amma jimillar 'yan wasan da ya karɓa sun ragu zuwa 35, na tsawon yadi 448 da kuma taɓawa ɗaya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1966 Denver Broncos Rosters, Stats, Schedule, Team Draftees |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/teams/den/1966.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> Ya ji rauni a gwiwa a lokacin horo, amma ba a ɗauke shi da tsanani a lokacin ba. A cikin shekaru shida da ya yi tare da Broncos, ƙungiyar ba ta taɓa samun nasara a kakar wasa ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1966 Denver Broncos Rosters, Stats, Schedule, Team Draftees |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/teams/den/1966.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> A watan Yulin 1967, Broncos ta sayar da Taylor ga Oakland Raiders. === Oakland Raiders da Houston Oilers === A watan Satumba na 1967, Raiders ta sanya Taylor a cikin jerin 'yan wasan da suka yi ritaya na son rai. Kocin Raiders John Rauch ya ba da rahoton cewa Taylor yana fama da matsalolin ƙafa kuma ya yi niyyar yin ritaya. A lokacin yana da shekaru 30 kuma yana riƙe da rikodin karɓar baƙi na AFL a kowane lokaci (543). <ref name=":15" /> Daga baya Taylor ya rattaba hannu da Houston Oilers a ƙarshen Oktoba, inda ya buga wasa a 1967 da 1968 kafin ya yi ritaya a watan Maris na 1969; amma raunukan da ya samu sun rage ingancinsa. <ref name=":18">{{Cite web |title=West Virginia Sports Hall of Fame |url=https://wvswa.org/west-virginia-sports-hall-of-fame-p972-482.htm |website=West Virginia Sports Writers Association}}</ref> Taylor ya fara wasanni shida kacal a 1967, tare da liyafa 18; da kuma wasa ɗaya a 1968, tare da liyafa shida. <ref name=":17">{{Cite web |title=Lionel Taylor Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/T/TaylLi00.htm |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> Duk da haka, a 1967, ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen nasarar Houston a rukuninta; kuma wasansa ya ƙare a 1968 lokacin da aka yi masa tiyatar cire ciki a lokacin kakar wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1967 Houston Oilers Rosters, Stats, Schedule, Team Draftees |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/teams/oti/1967.htm |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> Yayin da yake tare da Houston, ya yi aiki tare da kocin masu karɓar 'yan wasa Fran Polsfoot don haɓaka ƙananan masu karɓar 'yan wasa, kamar Alvin Reed . <ref name=":16" /> Da yake tsammanin rawar da zai taka a nan gaba a ƙwallon ƙafa, cikin watanni da ya yi ritaya a 1969, Taylor ya yi aiki a matsayin kocin masu karɓar 'yan wasa ga dukkan taurarin kwaleji a Wasan All-Star na Kwalejin Chicago na 1969, a ƙarƙashin kocin Otto Graham . <ref name=":21" /> Taylor ya kammala aikinsa na AFL da liyafa 567, yadi 7,195 da kuma liyafa 45. <ref name=":17">{{Cite web |title=Lionel Taylor Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/T/TaylLi00.htm |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/T/TaylLi00.htm "Lionel Taylor Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College"]. ''Pro-Football-Reference.com''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 3,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> liyafa 567 da ya yi ita ce ta biyar mafi kyau a tarihin ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙwararru lokacin da ya yi ritaya. <ref name=":18">{{Cite web |title=West Virginia Sports Hall of Fame |url=https://wvswa.org/west-virginia-sports-hall-of-fame-p972-482.htm |website=West Virginia Sports Writers Association}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://wvswa.org/west-virginia-sports-hall-of-fame-p972-482.htm "West Virginia Sports Hall of Fame"]. ''West Virginia Sports Writers Association''.</cite></ref> == Aikin koyarwa == Bayan aikinsa na wasa, Taylor ya shiga dogon aiki a matsayin koci. A matsayinsa na ɗaya daga cikin masu horarwa da masu tsara wasanni na farko a gasar NFL, kocin Hall of Fame Tony Dungy ya ce Taylor "tabbas abin koyi ne ga tsararrakin masu horarwa na". <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tony Dungy {{!}} Pro Football Hall of Fame {{!}} Pro Football Hall of Fame |url=https://www.profootballhof.com/players/tony-dungy |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=pfhof |language=en}}</ref> Ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin koci a NFL tare da Pittsburgh Steelers, Los Angeles Rams da Cleveland Browns . <ref name=":9">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2025-08-15 |title=Texas Southern University mourns the passing of former head football coach Lionel Taylor – TSU News |url=https://texassouthernnews.com/texas-southern-university-mourns-the-passing-of-former-head-football-coach-lionel-taylor/ |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Texas Southern News |language=en-US}}</ref> Ya kasance mataimakin koci (masu karɓar baƙi) ga Pittsburgh Steelers daga 1970 zuwa 1976, inda ya jagoranci masu karɓar Hall of Fame Lynn Swann da John Stallworth . Steelers sun lashe Super Bowls IX (1975) da X (1976) a lokacin da yake horar da 'yan wasa a Pittsburgh. <ref name=":10">{{Cite web |last=Mosley |first=Kyle T. |date=2025-08-14 |title=Lionel Taylor: Former Texas Southern Football Coach Dies At 89 |url=https://www.si.com/college/hbcu/football/lionel-taylor-former-texas-southern-football-coach-dies-at-89 |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=HBCU Legends On SI |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFMosley2025">Mosley, Kyle T. (August 14, 2025). [https://www.si.com/college/hbcu/football/lionel-taylor-former-texas-southern-football-coach-dies-at-89 "Lionel Taylor: Former Texas Southern Football Coach Dies At 89"]. ''HBCU Legends On SI''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name=":12">{{Cite web |last=Lusk |first=Bill |date=2025-08-18 |title=Remembering Lionel Taylor, a Pioneer, Mentor, Quiet Giant of Football |url=https://www.wvowradio.com/post/remembering-lionel-taylor-a-pioneer-mentor-quiet-giant-of-football |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=WVOW Radio |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFLusk2025">Lusk, Bill (August 18, 2025). [https://www.wvowradio.com/post/remembering-lionel-taylor-a-pioneer-mentor-quiet-giant-of-football "Remembering Lionel Taylor, a Pioneer, Mentor, Quiet Giant of Football"]. ''WVOW Radio''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Super Bowl Winners by Year - ESPN |url=http://www.espn.com/nfl/superbowl/history/winners |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=ESPN.com}}</ref> Shi ne kocin 'yan wasan Rams daga 1977 zuwa 1979, sannan kuma mai kula da hare-harensu daga 1980 zuwa 1981. Ya zama na farko a NFL, ko kuma ɗaya daga cikin na farko, masu kula da hare-haren 'yan Afirka, lokacin da ya zama mai kula da hare-haren 'yan wasan Rams. <ref name=":12">{{Cite web |last=Lusk |first=Bill |date=2025-08-18 |title=Remembering Lionel Taylor, a Pioneer, Mentor, Quiet Giant of Football |url=https://www.wvowradio.com/post/remembering-lionel-taylor-a-pioneer-mentor-quiet-giant-of-football |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=WVOW Radio |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFLusk2025">Lusk, Bill (August 18, 2025). [https://www.wvowradio.com/post/remembering-lionel-taylor-a-pioneer-mentor-quiet-giant-of-football "Remembering Lionel Taylor, a Pioneer, Mentor, Quiet Giant of Football"]. ''WVOW Radio''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name=":9">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2025-08-15 |title=Texas Southern University mourns the passing of former head football coach Lionel Taylor – TSU News |url=https://texassouthernnews.com/texas-southern-university-mourns-the-passing-of-former-head-football-coach-lionel-taylor/ |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Texas Southern News |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://texassouthernnews.com/texas-southern-university-mourns-the-passing-of-former-head-football-coach-lionel-taylor/ "Texas Southern University mourns the passing of former head football coach Lionel Taylor – TSU News"]. ''Texas Southern News''. August 15, 2025<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> Ya kai wasansa na uku a Super Bowl a matsayin koci a kakar wasa ta 1979, inda Rams suka sha kashi a hannun Steelers a Super Bowl XIV, 31–19. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Super Bowl XIV - Los Angeles Rams vs. Pittsburgh Steelers - January 20th, 1980 |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/boxscores/198001200pit.htm |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> A shekarar 1980, Rams sun kasance na uku a NFL a maki da aka zira da kuma na biyu a jimillar yadi, <ref>{{Cite web |title=1980 NFL Standings & Team Stats |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/1980/index.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> amma sun faɗi sosai a 1981. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1981 NFL Standings & Team Stats |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/1981/index.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> A matsayinsa na mai tsara hare-hare, yana da dabarun faɗa da faɗa. Ya ce: "'Idan aka kammala dogon wucewa ga mai karɓar kwallo tare da 'yan wasan tsaro a kusa, mutane za su kira shi da sa'a. . . Amma sa'a ba ita ce ma'anar ba. Ma'anar ita ce ta hanyar ''tsara'' waɗannan wasannin da ''jefa'' ƙwallon kana ba wa kanka ''dama'' don kammala su. Kana ba wa kanka dama don cin nasara da manyan wasanni. Wannan ƙwallon ƙafa ce mai ƙarfi, kuma abin da na yi imani da shi kenan - hari mai ƙarfi da wayo.'" Bayan Rams, ya zama kocin 'wide receivers' a Jami'ar Jihar Oregon (1982-83). <ref name=":9">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2025-08-15 |title=Texas Southern University mourns the passing of former head football coach Lionel Taylor – TSU News |url=https://texassouthernnews.com/texas-southern-university-mourns-the-passing-of-former-head-football-coach-lionel-taylor/ |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Texas Southern News |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://texassouthernnews.com/texas-southern-university-mourns-the-passing-of-former-head-football-coach-lionel-taylor/ "Texas Southern University mourns the passing of former head football coach Lionel Taylor – TSU News"]. ''Texas Southern News''. August 15, 2025<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name=":12">{{Cite web |last=Lusk |first=Bill |date=2025-08-18 |title=Remembering Lionel Taylor, a Pioneer, Mentor, Quiet Giant of Football |url=https://www.wvowradio.com/post/remembering-lionel-taylor-a-pioneer-mentor-quiet-giant-of-football |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=WVOW Radio |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFLusk2025">Lusk, Bill (August 18, 2025). [https://www.wvowradio.com/post/remembering-lionel-taylor-a-pioneer-mentor-quiet-giant-of-football "Remembering Lionel Taylor, a Pioneer, Mentor, Quiet Giant of Football"]. ''WVOW Radio''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> Ya zama babban koci a karon farko tare da Jami'ar Texas Southern, daga 1984 zuwa 1988. Shi ne Kocin Texas Southern na farko da ya shiga gasar Labor Day Classic (1985). A shekarar 1989, ya zama kocin tight ends ga Cleveland Browns, sannan kuma mai kula da 'yan wasan ƙungiyar a 1990. <ref name=":12" /> Taylor ya kuma yi horo a Turai. Bayan hutun shekaru huɗu na horarwa, ya zama mai kula da hare-hare na London Monarchs of NFL Europe (1995-96), sannan kuma babban kocinsu kuma mai kula da hare-hare (1996-97). Bayan haka, ya zama babban koci kuma mai kula da hare-hare na Ingila Monarchs (1998). <ref name=":9">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2025-08-15 |title=Texas Southern University mourns the passing of former head football coach Lionel Taylor – TSU News |url=https://texassouthernnews.com/texas-southern-university-mourns-the-passing-of-former-head-football-coach-lionel-taylor/ |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Texas Southern News |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://texassouthernnews.com/texas-southern-university-mourns-the-passing-of-former-head-football-coach-lionel-taylor/ "Texas Southern University mourns the passing of former head football coach Lionel Taylor – TSU News"]. ''Texas Southern News''. August 15, 2025<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name=":12">{{Cite web |last=Lusk |first=Bill |date=2025-08-18 |title=Remembering Lionel Taylor, a Pioneer, Mentor, Quiet Giant of Football |url=https://www.wvowradio.com/post/remembering-lionel-taylor-a-pioneer-mentor-quiet-giant-of-football |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=WVOW Radio |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFLusk2025">Lusk, Bill (August 18, 2025). [https://www.wvowradio.com/post/remembering-lionel-taylor-a-pioneer-mentor-quiet-giant-of-football "Remembering Lionel Taylor, a Pioneer, Mentor, Quiet Giant of Football"]. ''WVOW Radio''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> == Gado da girmamawa == [[Fayil:LionelTaylor1965.png|thumb|Taylor (wanda aka nuna a shekarar 1965) a halin yanzu shine mai karɓar ƙwallon ƙafa na ƙarshe a tarihin ƙwallon ƙafa da ya jagoranci gasar sau biyar don karɓar ƙwallo.]] A shekarar 2024, Taylor yana cikin mutane uku da suka sami kyautar ƙwarewa ta ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙwararru saboda aikinsu na mataimakin koci, tare da [[Monte Kiffin]] da Bill McPherson . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Pro Football Hall of Fame presents 2024 Awards of Excellence for 15 winners {{!}} Pro Football Hall of Fame |url=https://www.profootballhof.com/news/2024/06/pro-football-hall-of-fame-presents-2024-awards-of-excellence-for-15-winners |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=pfhof |language=en}}</ref> A lokacin aikinsa na wasa da koyarwa, ya jagoranci ɗaruruwan 'yan wasa da masu horarwa, kuma an girmama shi sosai saboda halayensa na mutum da malami. <ref name=":12">{{Cite web |last=Lusk |first=Bill |date=2025-08-18 |title=Remembering Lionel Taylor, a Pioneer, Mentor, Quiet Giant of Football |url=https://www.wvowradio.com/post/remembering-lionel-taylor-a-pioneer-mentor-quiet-giant-of-football |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=WVOW Radio |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFLusk2025">Lusk, Bill (August 18, 2025). [https://www.wvowradio.com/post/remembering-lionel-taylor-a-pioneer-mentor-quiet-giant-of-football "Remembering Lionel Taylor, a Pioneer, Mentor, Quiet Giant of Football"]. ''WVOW Radio''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> A tarihin Denver Broncos, Taylor shine na uku a tarihin da ya samu yadi 71.6 a kowane wasa, na huɗu a tarihin da ya samu yadi (543) da kuma yadi (6,872), kuma na biyar a tarihin da ya samu yadi (44) (har zuwa kakar wasa ta 2024). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Denver Broncos Career Receiving Leaders |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/teams/den/career-receiving.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> Taylor shine MVP na ƙungiyar Broncos a 1963, 1964 da 1965, kuma ya sami Kofin Ƙasa na Uku bayan kowace kakar wasa. <ref name=":8">{{Cite web |title=Lionel Taylor |url=https://www.coloradosports.org/hall-of-fame/athletes/1970-inductees/lionel-taylor/ |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Colorado Sports Hall of Fame |language=en-US}}</ref> Ya kasance Tauraron AFL a 1961, 1962 da 1965. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Lionel Taylor Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/T/TaylLi00.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> Taylor, wanda yake ɗan asalin Bronco, ya kasance ɓangare na ajin farko na Ring of Fame na ƙungiyar a 1984, tare da Goose Gonsoulin, Floyd Little da Rich Jackson . <ref>{{Cite web |title=All 37 Broncos Ring of Fame members |url=https://www.denverbroncos.com/photos/ring-of-fame-inductees-15405196 |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=www.denverbroncos.com |language=en-US}}</ref> Tare da Lance Alworth, Charlie Hennigan da Sid Blanks, ya raba tarihin gasar American Football League na yawancin liyafa a wasa ɗaya, inda ya yi 13, <ref>{{Cite web |title=AFL Individual Records |url=http://www.remembertheafl.com/AFLIndividualRecords.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=www.remembertheafl.com}}</ref> ya yi hakan a kan Oakland Raiders a ranar 29 ga Nuwamba, 1964. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Oakland Raiders at Denver Broncos - November 29th, 1964 |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/boxscores/196411290den.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> Ya yi kakar wasa huɗu ta yadi 1,000 kuma ya samu matsakaicin kamawa 84.7 a kowace shekara daga 1960 zuwa 1965. <ref name=":17">{{Cite web |title=Lionel Taylor Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/T/TaylLi00.htm |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/T/TaylLi00.htm "Lionel Taylor Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College"]. ''Pro-Football-Reference.com''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 3,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> {{As of|2026}} , yadi 102.9 na karɓar ƙwallonsa a kowane wasa a shekarar 1960 ya kasance rikodin ikon mallakar ƙungiyar Broncos. <ref>{{Cite web |title=For single seasons, playing for the Denver Broncos, in the regular season, sorted by descending Receiving Yds/Game. |url=https://www.sports-reference.com/stathead/tiny/vhhLA |access-date=June 25, 2026 |website=Stathead}}</ref> [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2025]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1935]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 3lz947nsnixdzugfrkgmpb53ccv2612 878897 878896 2026-07-08T10:27:17Z Abdurra'uf 23412 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1361203549|Lionel Taylor]]" 878897 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lionel Thomas Taylor''' (Agusta 15, 1935 - Agusta 6, 2025) ɗan wasan [[Kwallon ƙafa na Amurka|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne kuma koci ɗan Amurka. Ya buga wasa a matsayin mai karɓar ƙwallon ƙafa mai yawa, musamman tare da Denver Broncos na American Football League (AFL). Taylor ya jagoranci gasar a cikin liyafa na tsawon shekaru biyar daga cikin shekaru shida na farko na wanzuwar gasar. Shi ne ɗan wasa na biyu da ya jagoranci gasar a cikin liyafa na akalla shekaru biyar, Taylor a halin yanzu shi ne na ƙarshe da ya yi hakan. Shi ne mai karɓar ƙwallon ƙafa na uku da ya kai liyafa 500 a tarihin ƙwallon ƙafa na ƙwararru. <ref>{{Cite web |title=NFL Career Receptions Leaders Through 1965 |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/leaders/rec_career_1965.htm |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com}}</ref> Shi ma ya kasance mataimakin koci na dogon lokaci a gasar, inda ya lashe Super Bowls biyu tare da Pittsburgh Steelers . A shekarar 2024, an ba shi lambar yabo ta ƙwarewa ta Pro Football Hall of Fame saboda aikinsa na mataimakin. <ref>{{Cite web |date=March 28, 2024 |title=Three Steelers front office honored by Pro Football Hall of Fame's Awards of Excellence |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/pittsburgh/news/three-steelers-front-office-members-honored-by-pro-football-hall-of-fames-awards-of-excellence/ |access-date=May 15, 2024 |website=cbsnews.com}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Taylor a ranar 15 ga Agusta, 1935, a Kansas City, Missouri . Mahaifinsa (mai hakar ma'adinai) da mahaifiyarsa (mai dafa abinci), JC da Bertha Glend sun girma a Lorado, West Virginia . Ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Buffalo da ke Accoville, West Virginia, inda ya buga wasanni uku, inda ya fito a ƙwallon ƙafa da ƙwallon kwando (wani lokacin ana kiransa "Mr. 30" saboda ƙwarewarsa a ƙwallon kwando). <ref>{{Cite web |title=West Virginia Sports Hall of Fame |url=https://wvswa.org/west-virginia-sports-hall-of-fame-p972-482.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=wvswa.org}}</ref> Ya kasance na biyu a ƙungiyar All-State a ƙwallon ƙafa da ƙwallon kwando a matsayin ɗalibi na farko, inda ya kammala karatunsa a 1953. <ref name=":12">{{Cite web |last=Lusk |first=Bill |date=2025-08-18 |title=Remembering Lionel Taylor, a Pioneer, Mentor, Quiet Giant of Football |url=https://www.wvowradio.com/post/remembering-lionel-taylor-a-pioneer-mentor-quiet-giant-of-football |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=WVOW Radio |language=en}}</ref> == Kwallon kafa na kwaleji == Taylor ya fara zuwa Kwalejin Jihar West Virginia (wanda yanzu Jami'ar Jihar West Virginia ce). Ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa na shekara ɗaya a gasar Yellow Jackets . Makarantar ba ta sami damar bayar da wani tallafin kuɗi ta hanyar tallafin karatu ba, kuma damar da shirin ƙwallon ƙafarsa ya samu nasara ba ta da kyau. A wannan lokacin, kocin a Jami'ar New Mexico Highlands (NMHU), wacce ke Las Vegas, New Mexico, ita ce Donnie Gibson, wacce ta kasance fitacciyar 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a Kwalejin Marshall (yanzu Jami'ar Marshall) da ke Huntington, West Virginia . Gibson ya yi nasarar ɗaukar Taylor daga Jihar West Virginia, inda ya ba Taylor cikakken tallafin karatu don buga ƙwallon ƙafa a NMHU, kuma Taylor ya koma NMHU. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=Marshall University |url=https://www.cityofhuntington.com//visitors/marshall-university |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=City of Huntington, WV |language=en}}</ref> <ref name=":20">{{Cite web |last=Wright |first=Rick |last2= |first2= |last3= |first3= |date=2025-08-15 |title=Lionel Taylor, former NMHU and Denver Broncos star, dies at 89 (Albuquerque Journal) |url=https://sports.yahoo.com/article/lionel-taylor-former-nmhu-denver-030700096.html |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=Yahoo Sports |language=en-US}}</ref> An kuma ruwaito cewa ɗan'uwan Gibson da Gibson sun yi ƙoƙarin ɗaukar Taylor daga makarantar sakandare don NMHU, amma Taylor ya zaɓi Jihar West Virginia. Bayan ya yanke shawarar barin Jihar West Virginia, Taylor ya tuntuɓi kocin Gibson wanda har yanzu yana sha'awar Taylor. Taylor ya ɗauki kwana uku a cikin motar bas don ganawa da Gibson a Albuquerque ; daga ƙarshe ya yanke shawarar canzawa zuwa NMHU. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Williamson |first=Dwight |date=2020-06-10 |title=Charlie Cowan -- another NFL legend from Logan County |url=https://www.coalvalleynews.com/opinion/dwight-williamson-charlie-cowan----another-nfl-legend-from-logan-county/article_cfc9f183-60fe-5a5b-b0bd-1e035a4c8538.html |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=The Coal Valley News |language=en}}</ref> Ya kammala karatunsa daga NMHU a 1958, tare da digiri na farko na Fasaha . Taylor ya sami lambar yabo ta All- Friendry Conference a shekarun 1955 da 1956. An ambaci shi a matsayin All-America a shekarar 1956. Ƙungiyoyi shida na NFL sun tuntuɓi Taylor da tayin a shekarar 1957. A matsayinsa na ɗalibi na farko a shekarar 1957, Gibson ya naɗa Taylor, mai shekaru 22, kocin ƙungiyar, ko na baya da/ko na ƙarshe; kuma mai leƙen asiri. Ba a biyan Taylor albashi don haka zai iya riƙe matsayinsa na ɗan wasa a kakar wasan ƙwallon kwando. Shi ne mataimakin kocin Gibson tilo a wannan kakar, wanda a lokacin bai cancanci buga ƙwallon ƙafa ba saboda kakar wasa ɗaya da ya yi a West Virginia State. Baya ga ƙwallon ƙafa, Taylor ya yi fice a [[Kwallon kwando|ƙwallon kwando]] na tsawon shekaru uku a NMHU, kuma ya kasance a ƙungiyar tsere na tsawon kakar wasa ɗaya. A tsawon aikinsa na ƙwallon kwando a NMHU, Taylor ya sami matsakaicin maki 22 a kowace wasa a ƙarƙashin Gibson, wanda kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin kocin ƙwallon kwando na makarantar. An ambaci taron All-Frontier a tsakiyar wasan ƙwallon kwando a kakar wasa ta 1955-1956, kuma ya kasance taron All-Frontier a kakar wasa mai zuwa (1956-57), lokacin da shi ne na biyu mafi yawan kwallaye a gasar. Gibson ya yi imanin cewa Taylor zai iya zama ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon kwando, musamman tare da kyakkyawan harbinsa da kuma tsaron gida mai ƙarfi. A gasar tseren tsere ta Frontier Conference ta 1956, Taylor ya zo na farko a tsalle mai tsayi, matsayi na biyu a cikin discus, sannan na uku a bugun harbi . <ref name=":20">{{Cite web |last=Wright |first=Rick |last2= |first2= |last3= |first3= |date=2025-08-15 |title=Lionel Taylor, former NMHU and Denver Broncos star, dies at 89 (Albuquerque Journal) |url=https://sports.yahoo.com/article/lionel-taylor-former-nmhu-denver-030700096.html |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=Yahoo Sports |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFWright2025">Wright, Rick (August 15, 2025). [https://sports.yahoo.com/article/lionel-taylor-former-nmhu-denver-030700096.html "Lionel Taylor, former NMHU and Denver Broncos star, dies at 89 (Albuquerque Journal)"]. ''Yahoo Sports''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 3,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> Taylor ya yi wa Charlie Cowan, ɗan wasan NFL na gaba a Makarantar Sakandare ta Buffalo, shekaru uku kafin ɗan wasan NFL na gaba a Makarantar Sakandare ta Buffalo. Kamar Taylor, Cowan ya fara zuwa Jihar West Virginia, amma Cowan ya bar makarantar. Da ya dawo gida West Virginia a lokacin hutun Kirsimeti, Taylor ya yi magana da Cowan ya kuma ji labarin halin da yake ciki. Daga nan Taylor ya kira koci Gibson ya gaya wa Gibson ya kawo Cowan zuwa NMHU, wanda Gibson ya yi. Taylor da Cowan sun yi wasa shekara ɗaya tare a NMHU. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Williamson |first=Dwight |date=2020-06-10 |title=Charlie Cowan -- another NFL legend from Logan County |url=https://www.coalvalleynews.com/opinion/dwight-williamson-charlie-cowan----another-nfl-legend-from-logan-county/article_cfc9f183-60fe-5a5b-b0bd-1e035a4c8538.html |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=The Coal Valley News |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFWilliamson2020">Williamson, Dwight (June 10, 2020). [https://www.coalvalleynews.com/opinion/dwight-williamson-charlie-cowan----another-nfl-legend-from-logan-county/article_cfc9f183-60fe-5a5b-b0bd-1e035a4c8538.html "Charlie Cowan -- another NFL legend from Logan County"]. ''The Coal Valley News''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> Cowan ya kammala karatunsa daga NMHU a 1961, sannan ya zama ɗan wasan gaba ga Los Angeles Rams a Gasar Kwallon Kafa ta Ƙasa (NFL) na tsawon shekaru 15. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Charlie Cowan Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/C/CowaCh00.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> == Ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙwararru == === Beyar Chicago === Ba a zaɓi Taylor a cikin zaɓen NFL ba. A shekarar 1958, Chicago Bears ta gayyace shi ya gwada wa ƙungiyar, kuma ta sanya hannu kan kwangila a watan Yunin 1958. Bai shiga Bears ba, kuma ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta semipro ga wata ƙungiya a Bakersfield, California . Bears sun dawo da shi sansanin horo a 1959. Ya kasance cikin ƙungiyar na wasanni takwas a wannan kakar, amma ba shi da ƙididdigar kai hari, kuma bai buga wasannin ba a mafi yawan lokuta. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1959 Chicago Bears Rosters, Stats, Schedule, Team Draftees |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/teams/chi/1959.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> Taylor shine ɗan wasan NMHU na farko a NFL. <ref name=":5" /> An jera shi a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba a jerin 'yan wasan Bears na 1959. <ref name=":22">{{Cite web |title=1959 Chicago Bears Roster & Players |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/teams/chi/1959_roster.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=1959 Chicago Bears (NFL) Scores, Roster, Stats, Coaches, Draft |url=https://profootballarchives.com/1959nflchib.html |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=profootballarchives.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chicago Bears All-Time Roster {{!}} The Football Database |url=https://www.footballdb.com/teams/nfl/chicago-bears/alltime-roster?letter=T |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=FootballDB.com |language=en}}</ref> Ya kasance mai kare 'yan wasan Harlon Hill da Jim Dooley, amma bai yi wasa sosai ba. <ref name=":22" /> A wasan da aka yi tsakanin Bears da San Francisco 49ers a ranar 25 ga Oktoba, 1959, an ruwaito cewa Taylor ya shigo wasan a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbinsa a ƙarshe. A cikin jerin 'yan wasan Bears na lokacin don wasan da suka yi da Los Angeles Rams a ranar 1 ga Nuwamba, 1959, an jera shi a matsayin wanda zai buga wasan. A ranar 6 ga Disamba, 1959, jerin 'yan wasa na wasan da Bears da Pittsburgh Steelers suka buga sun jera Taylor a rabin baya. Ya kuma buga wasan a wasan gaba a kakar wasa ta 1960 don Bears. A tsakiyar watan Agusta na shekarar 1960, a wasan share fagen kakar wasa tsakanin Bears da New York Giants, Taylor ya samu bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida na yadi shida daga hannun Zeke Bratkowski . Wasu labarai na baya-bayan nan game da Taylor, waɗanda aka buga shekaru da yawa bayan ƙarshen aikinsa na wasa, sun bayyana cewa ya buga wasanni takwas tare da Bears a 1959 a matsayin mai tsaron baya, kuma Denver Broncos daga baya za su canza shi zuwa mai karɓar wasa. Wannan ya bayyana sabanin sauran majiyoyi, da kuma rahotannin jaridu na zamani daga 1959. <ref name=":10">{{Cite web |last=Mosley |first=Kyle T. |date=2025-08-14 |title=Lionel Taylor: Former Texas Southern Football Coach Dies At 89 |url=https://www.si.com/college/hbcu/football/lionel-taylor-former-texas-southern-football-coach-dies-at-89 |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=HBCU Legends On SI |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":12">{{Cite web |last=Lusk |first=Bill |date=2025-08-18 |title=Remembering Lionel Taylor, a Pioneer, Mentor, Quiet Giant of Football |url=https://www.wvowradio.com/post/remembering-lionel-taylor-a-pioneer-mentor-quiet-giant-of-football |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=WVOW Radio |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFLusk2025">Lusk, Bill (August 18, 2025). [https://www.wvowradio.com/post/remembering-lionel-taylor-a-pioneer-mentor-quiet-giant-of-football "Remembering Lionel Taylor, a Pioneer, Mentor, Quiet Giant of Football"]. ''WVOW Radio''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> [[Fayil:LionelTaylor1961.png|thumb|Taylor a shekarar 1961.]] A shekarar 1960, Taylor yana tunanin shiga sabuwar gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL), wadda ta fara kakar wasa ta farko. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1960 AFL Standings & Team Stats |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/1960_AFL/index.htm |access-date=2025-09-17 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=General History - Chronology (1960 to 1979) {{!}} Pro Football Hall of Fame |url=https://www.profootballhof.com/football-history/general-history-chronology-1960-to-1979 |access-date=2025-09-17 |website=pfhof |language=en}}</ref> Ya tattauna da George Halas, mai Bears kuma kocinsu. Halas ya ba Taylor makonni biyu don ya yanke shawara, kuma Taylor ya yanke shawarar zuwa sabuwar gasar. Bayan da Bears suka sake shi a watan Satumbar 1960, an sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar Denver Broncos na AFL a ranar Juma'a da safe, 23 ga Satumba, 1960. Daga baya a wannan ranar, ya buga wasan receiver mai faɗi a wasansa na farko a Broncos (wasan na uku na kakar wasan ƙungiyar). Taylor ya yi liyafa shida na yadi 125, da kuma kamawar touchdown mai yadi 32 da mintuna kaɗan suka rage a wasan. <ref name=":6" /> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Denver Broncos at New York Titans - September 23rd, 1960 |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/boxscores/196009230nyj.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> A wasan da aka buga a ranar 27 ga Nuwamba da Buffalo Bills, Taylor ya yi liyafa tara na yadi 199. Wannan ya haɗa da touchdowns uku na yadi 80, 24 da 35 a cikin mintuna 19. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Buffalo Bills at Denver Broncos - November 27th, 1960 |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/boxscores/196011270den.htm |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> A wasanni 11 da ya buga a wannan kakar, ya jagoranci AFL da liyafa 92; liyafa 20 fiye da sauran 'yan wasa masu jan hankali a AFL. Jimillar yadi 1,235 da ya samu shi ne na uku mafi kyau a AFL, kuma liyafa 12 da ya samu sun yi daidai da na biyu mafi kyau. <ref name=":7">{{Cite web |title=1960 AFL Leaders and Leaderboards |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/1960_AFL/leaders.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> Ya samu matsakaicin yadi 102.9 a kowane wasa, wanda shi ne na biyu mafi kyau a AFL. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1960 Denver Broncos Rosters, Stats, Schedule, Team Draftees |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/teams/den/1960.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref name=":7" /> An nada shi a matsayin All-AFL a matsayin na farko a kungiyar ta Associated Press (AP), United Press International (UPI) da kuma AFL. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1960 AFL All-Pros |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/1960_AFL/allpro.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> A shekarar 1961, ya fara dukkan wasanni 14 na Broncos a wide receiver, kuma ya zama ɗan wasan AFL ko NFL na farko da ya kama pass 100 a kakar wasa, yayin da kuma ya jagoranci AFL a liyafar. <ref name=":12" /> <ref name=":13">{{Cite web |title=1961 AFL Leaders and Leaderboards |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/1961_AFL/leaders.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref name=":14">{{Cite web |title=1961 Denver Broncos Rosters, Stats, Schedule, Team Draftees |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/teams/den/1961.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref name=":10" /> Ya kasance na biyu a AFL da yadi 1,176 na karɓar, <ref name=":13" /> kuma ya sami liyafar taɓawa sau huɗu. <ref name=":14" /> An zaɓe shi don ya buga wasa a Wasan All-Star na farko na AFL a ranar 7 ga Janairu, 1962. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1961 Season AFL All-Star Game |url=http://www.remembertheafl.com/1961SeasonAFLAllStarGame.htm |access-date=2025-09-21 |website=www.remembertheafl.com}}</ref> <ref name=":14" /> An sake naɗa shi a matsayin ɗan wasa na farko na All-AFL ta AP, UPI da AFL. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1961 AFL All-Pros |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/1961_AFL/allpro.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> Wani ɗan wasa ɗaya tilo da ya taɓa samun liyafa sama da 100 a kakar wasa 14 shine Charley Hennigan na Houston Oilers a 1964 (101). Tun lokacin da NFL ta faɗaɗa zuwa buga wasanni 16 ko fiye na kakar wasa ta yau da kullun a cikin kakar wasa ɗaya, a cikin 1978, <ref>{{Cite web |title=NFL.com {{!}} Official Site of the National Football League |url=https://www.nfl.com/standings/division/1978/reg |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=NFL.com |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=NFL.com {{!}} Official Site of the National Football League |url=https://www.nfl.com/standings/division/1977/REG |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=NFL.com |language=en-US}}</ref> an yi nasarar wannan nasarar sau da yawa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=NFL Receptions Single-Season Leaders |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/leaders/rec_single_season.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> Ya sake jagorantar AFL a shekarar 1962 da karɓar baƙi 77, kuma ya sami jimillar yadi 908 na karɓa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1962 AFL Leaders and Leaderboards |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/1962_AFL/leaders.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=1962 Denver Broncos Rosters, Stats, Schedule, Team Draftees |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/teams/den/1962.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> An sake naɗa shi AFL All-Star, kuma an zaɓe shi a matsayin All-AFL na ƙungiyar farko ta AP da kuma UPI na ƙungiyar ta biyu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1962 Denver Broncos Rosters, Stats, Schedule, Team Draftees |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/teams/den/1962.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=1962 AFL All-Pros |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/1962_AFL/allpro.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> A shekarar 1963, ya jagoranci AFL a shekara ta huɗu a jere tare da karɓar baƙi 78. Ya sami yadi sama da 1,000 na karɓa a karo na uku (yadi 1,101). An daidaita shi a matsayi na huɗu mafi yawa tare da karɓar baƙi 10. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1963 AFL Leaders and Leaderboards |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/1963_AFL/leaders.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=1963 Denver Broncos Rosters, Stats, Schedule, Team Draftees |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/teams/den/1963.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> UPI ta naɗa shi a matsayin All-AFL na ƙungiya ta biyu a shekarar 1963. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1963 AFL All-Pros |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/1963_AFL/allpro.htm |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> Charley Hennigan ya jagoranci AFL da liyafa 101 a shekarar 1964, inda ya zama mutum na farko bayan Taylor da ya jagoranci AFL a jimillar liyafa. Taylor ya yi kunnen doki a matsayi na biyu da liyafa 76. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1964 AFL Leaders and Leaderboards |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/1964_AFL/leaders.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> Ya sami yadi 873 da touchdowns bakwai. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1964 Denver Broncos Rosters, Stats, Schedule, Team Draftees |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/teams/den/1964.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> A shekarar 1965, ya sake jagorantar AFL da liyafa 85 (fiye da mai karɓa na biyu 16). Ya kasance na uku mafi yawan yadi a gasar (yadi 1,131). <ref>{{Cite web |title=1965 AFL Leaders and Leaderboards |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/1965_AFL/leaders.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> Ya sami touchdowns shida a wannan shekarar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1965 Denver Broncos Rosters, Stats, Schedule, Team Draftees |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/teams/den/1965.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> UPI ta nada shi a matsayin ƙungiyar farko ta All-AFL, kamar yadda AFL, AP, Newspaper Enterprise Association (NEA), da <nowiki><i id="mwAZk">The Sporting News</i></nowiki> suka yi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1965 AFL All-Pros |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/1965_AFL/allpro.htm |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=1965 AFL and NFL Awards |url=https://www.profootballarchives.com/1965awards.html |access-date=2026-01-19 |website=www.profootballarchives.com}}</ref> A shekarar 1966, Taylor ya sake fara wasanni 14, amma jimillar 'yan wasan da ya karɓa sun ragu zuwa 35, na tsawon yadi 448 da kuma taɓawa ɗaya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1966 Denver Broncos Rosters, Stats, Schedule, Team Draftees |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/teams/den/1966.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> Ya ji rauni a gwiwa a lokacin horo, amma ba a ɗauke shi da tsanani a lokacin ba. A cikin shekaru shida da ya yi tare da Broncos, ƙungiyar ba ta taɓa samun nasara a kakar wasa ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1966 Denver Broncos Rosters, Stats, Schedule, Team Draftees |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/teams/den/1966.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> A watan Yulin 1967, Broncos ta sayar da Taylor ga Oakland Raiders. === Oakland Raiders da Houston Oilers === A watan Satumba na 1967, Raiders ta sanya Taylor a cikin jerin 'yan wasan da suka yi ritaya na son rai. Kocin Raiders John Rauch ya ba da rahoton cewa Taylor yana fama da matsalolin ƙafa kuma ya yi niyyar yin ritaya. A lokacin yana da shekaru 30 kuma yana riƙe da rikodin karɓar baƙi na AFL a kowane lokaci (543). <ref name=":15" /> Daga baya Taylor ya rattaba hannu da Houston Oilers a ƙarshen Oktoba, inda ya buga wasa a 1967 da 1968 kafin ya yi ritaya a watan Maris na 1969; amma raunukan da ya samu sun rage ingancinsa. <ref name=":18">{{Cite web |title=West Virginia Sports Hall of Fame |url=https://wvswa.org/west-virginia-sports-hall-of-fame-p972-482.htm |website=West Virginia Sports Writers Association}}</ref> Taylor ya fara wasanni shida kacal a 1967, tare da liyafa 18; da kuma wasa ɗaya a 1968, tare da liyafa shida. <ref name=":17">{{Cite web |title=Lionel Taylor Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/T/TaylLi00.htm |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> Duk da haka, a 1967, ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen nasarar Houston a rukuninta; kuma wasansa ya ƙare a 1968 lokacin da aka yi masa tiyatar cire ciki a lokacin kakar wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1967 Houston Oilers Rosters, Stats, Schedule, Team Draftees |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/teams/oti/1967.htm |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> Yayin da yake tare da Houston, ya yi aiki tare da kocin masu karɓar 'yan wasa Fran Polsfoot don haɓaka ƙananan masu karɓar 'yan wasa, kamar Alvin Reed . <ref name=":16" /> Da yake tsammanin rawar da zai taka a nan gaba a ƙwallon ƙafa, cikin watanni da ya yi ritaya a 1969, Taylor ya yi aiki a matsayin kocin masu karɓar 'yan wasa ga dukkan taurarin kwaleji a Wasan All-Star na Kwalejin Chicago na 1969, a ƙarƙashin kocin Otto Graham . <ref name=":21" /> Taylor ya kammala aikinsa na AFL da liyafa 567, yadi 7,195 da kuma liyafa 45. <ref name=":17">{{Cite web |title=Lionel Taylor Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/T/TaylLi00.htm |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/T/TaylLi00.htm "Lionel Taylor Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College"]. ''Pro-Football-Reference.com''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 3,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> liyafa 567 da ya yi ita ce ta biyar mafi kyau a tarihin ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙwararru lokacin da ya yi ritaya. <ref name=":18">{{Cite web |title=West Virginia Sports Hall of Fame |url=https://wvswa.org/west-virginia-sports-hall-of-fame-p972-482.htm |website=West Virginia Sports Writers Association}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://wvswa.org/west-virginia-sports-hall-of-fame-p972-482.htm "West Virginia Sports Hall of Fame"]. ''West Virginia Sports Writers Association''.</cite></ref> == Aikin koyarwa == Bayan aikinsa na wasa, Taylor ya shiga dogon aiki a matsayin koci. A matsayinsa na ɗaya daga cikin masu horarwa da masu tsara wasanni na farko a gasar NFL, kocin Hall of Fame Tony Dungy ya ce Taylor "tabbas abin koyi ne ga tsararrakin masu horarwa na". <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tony Dungy {{!}} Pro Football Hall of Fame {{!}} Pro Football Hall of Fame |url=https://www.profootballhof.com/players/tony-dungy |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=pfhof |language=en}}</ref> Ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin koci a NFL tare da Pittsburgh Steelers, Los Angeles Rams da Cleveland Browns . <ref name=":9">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2025-08-15 |title=Texas Southern University mourns the passing of former head football coach Lionel Taylor – TSU News |url=https://texassouthernnews.com/texas-southern-university-mourns-the-passing-of-former-head-football-coach-lionel-taylor/ |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Texas Southern News |language=en-US}}</ref> Ya kasance mataimakin koci (masu karɓar baƙi) ga Pittsburgh Steelers daga 1970 zuwa 1976, inda ya jagoranci masu karɓar Hall of Fame Lynn Swann da John Stallworth . Steelers sun lashe Super Bowls IX (1975) da X (1976) a lokacin da yake horar da 'yan wasa a Pittsburgh. <ref name=":10">{{Cite web |last=Mosley |first=Kyle T. |date=2025-08-14 |title=Lionel Taylor: Former Texas Southern Football Coach Dies At 89 |url=https://www.si.com/college/hbcu/football/lionel-taylor-former-texas-southern-football-coach-dies-at-89 |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=HBCU Legends On SI |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFMosley2025">Mosley, Kyle T. (August 14, 2025). [https://www.si.com/college/hbcu/football/lionel-taylor-former-texas-southern-football-coach-dies-at-89 "Lionel Taylor: Former Texas Southern Football Coach Dies At 89"]. ''HBCU Legends On SI''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name=":12">{{Cite web |last=Lusk |first=Bill |date=2025-08-18 |title=Remembering Lionel Taylor, a Pioneer, Mentor, Quiet Giant of Football |url=https://www.wvowradio.com/post/remembering-lionel-taylor-a-pioneer-mentor-quiet-giant-of-football |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=WVOW Radio |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFLusk2025">Lusk, Bill (August 18, 2025). [https://www.wvowradio.com/post/remembering-lionel-taylor-a-pioneer-mentor-quiet-giant-of-football "Remembering Lionel Taylor, a Pioneer, Mentor, Quiet Giant of Football"]. ''WVOW Radio''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Super Bowl Winners by Year - ESPN |url=http://www.espn.com/nfl/superbowl/history/winners |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=ESPN.com}}</ref> Shi ne kocin 'yan wasan Rams daga 1977 zuwa 1979, sannan kuma mai kula da hare-harensu daga 1980 zuwa 1981. Ya zama na farko a NFL, ko kuma ɗaya daga cikin na farko, masu kula da hare-haren 'yan Afirka, lokacin da ya zama mai kula da hare-haren 'yan wasan Rams. <ref name=":12">{{Cite web |last=Lusk |first=Bill |date=2025-08-18 |title=Remembering Lionel Taylor, a Pioneer, Mentor, Quiet Giant of Football |url=https://www.wvowradio.com/post/remembering-lionel-taylor-a-pioneer-mentor-quiet-giant-of-football |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=WVOW Radio |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFLusk2025">Lusk, Bill (August 18, 2025). [https://www.wvowradio.com/post/remembering-lionel-taylor-a-pioneer-mentor-quiet-giant-of-football "Remembering Lionel Taylor, a Pioneer, Mentor, Quiet Giant of Football"]. ''WVOW Radio''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name=":9">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2025-08-15 |title=Texas Southern University mourns the passing of former head football coach Lionel Taylor – TSU News |url=https://texassouthernnews.com/texas-southern-university-mourns-the-passing-of-former-head-football-coach-lionel-taylor/ |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Texas Southern News |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://texassouthernnews.com/texas-southern-university-mourns-the-passing-of-former-head-football-coach-lionel-taylor/ "Texas Southern University mourns the passing of former head football coach Lionel Taylor – TSU News"]. ''Texas Southern News''. August 15, 2025<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> Ya kai wasansa na uku a Super Bowl a matsayin koci a kakar wasa ta 1979, inda Rams suka sha kashi a hannun Steelers a Super Bowl XIV, 31–19. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Super Bowl XIV - Los Angeles Rams vs. Pittsburgh Steelers - January 20th, 1980 |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/boxscores/198001200pit.htm |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> A shekarar 1980, Rams sun kasance na uku a NFL a maki da aka zira da kuma na biyu a jimillar yadi, <ref>{{Cite web |title=1980 NFL Standings & Team Stats |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/1980/index.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> amma sun faɗi sosai a 1981. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1981 NFL Standings & Team Stats |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/1981/index.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> A matsayinsa na mai tsara hare-hare, yana da dabarun faɗa da faɗa. Ya ce: "'Idan aka kammala dogon wucewa ga mai karɓar kwallo tare da 'yan wasan tsaro a kusa, mutane za su kira shi da sa'a. . . Amma sa'a ba ita ce ma'anar ba. Ma'anar ita ce ta hanyar ''tsara'' waɗannan wasannin da ''jefa'' ƙwallon kana ba wa kanka ''dama'' don kammala su. Kana ba wa kanka dama don cin nasara da manyan wasanni. Wannan ƙwallon ƙafa ce mai ƙarfi, kuma abin da na yi imani da shi kenan - hari mai ƙarfi da wayo.'" Bayan Rams, ya zama kocin 'wide receivers' a Jami'ar Jihar Oregon (1982-83). <ref name=":9">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2025-08-15 |title=Texas Southern University mourns the passing of former head football coach Lionel Taylor – TSU News |url=https://texassouthernnews.com/texas-southern-university-mourns-the-passing-of-former-head-football-coach-lionel-taylor/ |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Texas Southern News |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://texassouthernnews.com/texas-southern-university-mourns-the-passing-of-former-head-football-coach-lionel-taylor/ "Texas Southern University mourns the passing of former head football coach Lionel Taylor – TSU News"]. ''Texas Southern News''. August 15, 2025<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name=":12">{{Cite web |last=Lusk |first=Bill |date=2025-08-18 |title=Remembering Lionel Taylor, a Pioneer, Mentor, Quiet Giant of Football |url=https://www.wvowradio.com/post/remembering-lionel-taylor-a-pioneer-mentor-quiet-giant-of-football |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=WVOW Radio |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFLusk2025">Lusk, Bill (August 18, 2025). [https://www.wvowradio.com/post/remembering-lionel-taylor-a-pioneer-mentor-quiet-giant-of-football "Remembering Lionel Taylor, a Pioneer, Mentor, Quiet Giant of Football"]. ''WVOW Radio''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> Ya zama babban koci a karon farko tare da Jami'ar Texas Southern, daga 1984 zuwa 1988. Shi ne Kocin Texas Southern na farko da ya shiga gasar Labor Day Classic (1985). A shekarar 1989, ya zama kocin tight ends ga Cleveland Browns, sannan kuma mai kula da 'yan wasan ƙungiyar a 1990. <ref name=":12" /> Taylor ya kuma yi horo a Turai. Bayan hutun shekaru huɗu na horarwa, ya zama mai kula da hare-hare na London Monarchs of NFL Europe (1995-96), sannan kuma babban kocinsu kuma mai kula da hare-hare (1996-97). Bayan haka, ya zama babban koci kuma mai kula da hare-hare na Ingila Monarchs (1998). <ref name=":9">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2025-08-15 |title=Texas Southern University mourns the passing of former head football coach Lionel Taylor – TSU News |url=https://texassouthernnews.com/texas-southern-university-mourns-the-passing-of-former-head-football-coach-lionel-taylor/ |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Texas Southern News |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://texassouthernnews.com/texas-southern-university-mourns-the-passing-of-former-head-football-coach-lionel-taylor/ "Texas Southern University mourns the passing of former head football coach Lionel Taylor – TSU News"]. ''Texas Southern News''. August 15, 2025<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name=":12">{{Cite web |last=Lusk |first=Bill |date=2025-08-18 |title=Remembering Lionel Taylor, a Pioneer, Mentor, Quiet Giant of Football |url=https://www.wvowradio.com/post/remembering-lionel-taylor-a-pioneer-mentor-quiet-giant-of-football |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=WVOW Radio |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFLusk2025">Lusk, Bill (August 18, 2025). [https://www.wvowradio.com/post/remembering-lionel-taylor-a-pioneer-mentor-quiet-giant-of-football "Remembering Lionel Taylor, a Pioneer, Mentor, Quiet Giant of Football"]. ''WVOW Radio''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> == Gado da girmamawa == [[Fayil:LionelTaylor1965.png|thumb|Taylor (wanda aka nuna a shekarar 1965) a halin yanzu shine mai karɓar ƙwallon ƙafa na ƙarshe a tarihin ƙwallon ƙafa da ya jagoranci gasar sau biyar don karɓar ƙwallo.]] A shekarar 2024, Taylor yana cikin mutane uku da suka sami kyautar ƙwarewa ta ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙwararru saboda aikinsu na mataimakin koci, tare da [[Monte Kiffin]] da Bill McPherson . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Pro Football Hall of Fame presents 2024 Awards of Excellence for 15 winners {{!}} Pro Football Hall of Fame |url=https://www.profootballhof.com/news/2024/06/pro-football-hall-of-fame-presents-2024-awards-of-excellence-for-15-winners |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=pfhof |language=en}}</ref> A lokacin aikinsa na wasa da koyarwa, ya jagoranci ɗaruruwan 'yan wasa da masu horarwa, kuma an girmama shi sosai saboda halayensa na mutum da malami. <ref name=":12">{{Cite web |last=Lusk |first=Bill |date=2025-08-18 |title=Remembering Lionel Taylor, a Pioneer, Mentor, Quiet Giant of Football |url=https://www.wvowradio.com/post/remembering-lionel-taylor-a-pioneer-mentor-quiet-giant-of-football |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=WVOW Radio |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFLusk2025">Lusk, Bill (August 18, 2025). [https://www.wvowradio.com/post/remembering-lionel-taylor-a-pioneer-mentor-quiet-giant-of-football "Remembering Lionel Taylor, a Pioneer, Mentor, Quiet Giant of Football"]. ''WVOW Radio''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> A tarihin Denver Broncos, Taylor shine na uku a tarihin da ya samu yadi 71.6 a kowane wasa, na huɗu a tarihin da ya samu yadi (543) da kuma yadi (6,872), kuma na biyar a tarihin da ya samu yadi (44) (har zuwa kakar wasa ta 2024). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Denver Broncos Career Receiving Leaders |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/teams/den/career-receiving.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> Taylor shine MVP na ƙungiyar Broncos a 1963, 1964 da 1965, kuma ya sami Kofin Ƙasa na Uku bayan kowace kakar wasa. <ref name=":8">{{Cite web |title=Lionel Taylor |url=https://www.coloradosports.org/hall-of-fame/athletes/1970-inductees/lionel-taylor/ |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Colorado Sports Hall of Fame |language=en-US}}</ref> Ya kasance Tauraron AFL a 1961, 1962 da 1965. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Lionel Taylor Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/T/TaylLi00.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> Taylor, wanda yake ɗan asalin Bronco, ya kasance ɓangare na ajin farko na Ring of Fame na ƙungiyar a 1984, tare da Goose Gonsoulin, Floyd Little da Rich Jackson . <ref>{{Cite web |title=All 37 Broncos Ring of Fame members |url=https://www.denverbroncos.com/photos/ring-of-fame-inductees-15405196 |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=www.denverbroncos.com |language=en-US}}</ref> Tare da Lance Alworth, Charlie Hennigan da Sid Blanks, ya raba tarihin gasar American Football League na yawancin liyafa a wasa ɗaya, inda ya yi 13, <ref>{{Cite web |title=AFL Individual Records |url=http://www.remembertheafl.com/AFLIndividualRecords.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=www.remembertheafl.com}}</ref> ya yi hakan a kan Oakland Raiders a ranar 29 ga Nuwamba, 1964. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Oakland Raiders at Denver Broncos - November 29th, 1964 |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/boxscores/196411290den.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> Ya yi kakar wasa huɗu ta yadi 1,000 kuma ya samu matsakaicin kamawa 84.7 a kowace shekara daga 1960 zuwa 1965. <ref name=":17">{{Cite web |title=Lionel Taylor Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/T/TaylLi00.htm |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/T/TaylLi00.htm "Lionel Taylor Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College"]. ''Pro-Football-Reference.com''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 3,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> {{As of|2026}} , yadi 102.9 na karɓar ƙwallonsa a kowane wasa a shekarar 1960 ya kasance rikodin ikon mallakar ƙungiyar Broncos. <ref>{{Cite web |title=For single seasons, playing for the Denver Broncos, in the regular season, sorted by descending Receiving Yds/Game. |url=https://www.sports-reference.com/stathead/tiny/vhhLA |access-date=June 25, 2026 |website=Stathead}}</ref> A lokacin da ya buga wasa (1960–1968), babban mai karɓar kwallo a AFL ya fi wanda ya fi kowa samun damar shiga gasar NFL a kowane lokaci sai dai a shekarar 1968. <ref>{{Cite web |title=NFL Receptions Year-by-Year Leaders |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/leaders/rec_year_by_year.htm |website=[[Pro-Football-Reference.com]]}}</ref> Taylor shi ne mai karɓar kwallo na farko da ya kama fiye da 90 a kakar wasa ɗaya, kuma shi ne na farko da ya yi sau biyu. <ref name=":19">{{Cite web |title=NFL Receptions Year-by-Year Leaders |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/leaders/rec_year_by_year.htm |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> Babu mai karɓar kwallo da zai jagoranci gasar a cikin liyafa sama da 90 a cikin kakar wasa biyu daban-daban har sai Sterling Sharpe ya yi hakan a cikin kakar wasa 16 (1989, 1992, 1993). <ref name=":19" /> Idan aka yi la'akari da tarihin AFL da NFL, ɗan wasa ɗaya tilo da ya jagoranci ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan lig ɗin wajen samun ƙarin yanayi fiye da na Taylor guda biyar, shine shahararren mai karɓar kwallo a Green Bay Packers, Don Hutson, mai ƙwallo takwas. <ref name=":19" /> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Don Hutson {{!}} Pro Football Hall of Fame |url=https://www.profootballhof.com/players/don-hutson |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=pfhof |language=en}}</ref> A shekarar 2022, ƙungiyar ƙwararrun masu binciken ƙwallon ƙafa ta naɗa Taylor zuwa ga PFRA Hall of Very Good Class na 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Professional Football Researchers Association |title=PFRA's Hall of Very Good Class of 2022 |url=https://profootballresearchers.com/hall-of-very-good-2022.html |access-date=July 19, 2022}}</ref> A shekarar 2001, an shigar da shi cikin zauren shahararru na wasannin motsa jiki na Jami'ar New Mexico Highlands. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Lionel Taylor (2001) - Hall of Fame |url=https://nmhuathletics.com/honors/hall-of-fame/lionel-taylor/12/kiosk |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=New Mexico Highlands University Athletics |language=en}}</ref> An shigar da shi cikin zauren shahararru na wasannin motsa jiki na West Virginia a shekarar 1980. <ref name=":18">{{Cite web |title=West Virginia Sports Hall of Fame |url=https://wvswa.org/west-virginia-sports-hall-of-fame-p972-482.htm |website=West Virginia Sports Writers Association}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://wvswa.org/west-virginia-sports-hall-of-fame-p972-482.htm "West Virginia Sports Hall of Fame"]. ''West Virginia Sports Writers Association''.</cite></ref> A shekarar 1970, an shigar da shi cikin zauren shahararru na wasannin motsa jiki na Colorado, Bronco na farko da aka shigar da shi. <ref name=":8">{{Cite web |title=Lionel Taylor |url=https://www.coloradosports.org/hall-of-fame/athletes/1970-inductees/lionel-taylor/ |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Colorado Sports Hall of Fame |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.coloradosports.org/hall-of-fame/athletes/1970-inductees/lionel-taylor/ "Lionel Taylor"]. ''Colorado Sports Hall of Fame''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> Taylor ya samu kololuwa daga 1960 zuwa 1965 wanda ya haifar da liyafa 508 na yadi 6,424 da kuma touchdown 43 a wasanni 82. <ref name=":17">{{Cite web |title=Lionel Taylor Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/T/TaylLi00.htm |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/T/TaylLi00.htm "Lionel Taylor Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College"]. ''Pro-Football-Reference.com''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 3,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> A wannan lokacin, a bangaren NFL, a wasanni 78, Bobby Mitchell ya samu kamawa 338 na yadi 5,571 da touchdown 43. <ref name=":11">{{Cite web |title=Bobby Mitchell Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/M/MitcBo00.htm |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> A tsawon aikinsa na wasanni 128, Mitchell ya samu liyafa 521 na yadi 7,954 (yadi 53.7 a kowace wasa) da touchdown 65; <ref name=":11" /> yayin da Taylor ya samu liyafa 567 da yadi 7,195 a wasanni 121, tare da touchdown 45, na yadi 59.5 a kowace wasa. <ref name=":17" /> Mitchell ya kammala aikinsa da touchdowns da kuma karbar yadi fiye da Taylor amma ya samu liyafa da karbar yadi a kowace wasa. An shigar da Mitchell cikin Pro Football Hall of Fame, yayin da Taylor bai samu ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Bobby Mitchell {{!}} Pro Football Hall of Fame |url=https://www.profootballhof.com/players/bobby-mitchell |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=pfhof |language=en}}</ref> Baya ga kasancewa mai karɓar 'yan wasa, duk da haka, a lokacin aikinsa na shekara 11 na Hall of Fame, Mitchell ya yi gudu don yadi 2,735 a kan ɗaukar 'yan wasa 513 (yadi 5.3 a kowace ɗaukar 'yan wasa), tare da bugun touchdowns 18 masu sauri; matsakaicin yadi 10.1 a kowace dawowa akan dawowar punt 69 tare da bugun touchdowns na punt guda uku; kuma matsakaicin yadi 26.4 a kowace dawowa akan dawowar kickoff 102 tare da wasu bugun touchdowns na dawowa guda biyar. Ya kammala aikinsa da yadi 10,689 daga wasan scrimmage, yadi 14,078 na dukkan manufa da kuma bugun touchdowns 91. <ref name=":11">{{Cite web |title=Bobby Mitchell Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/M/MitcBo00.htm |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/M/MitcBo00.htm "Bobby Mitchell Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College"]. ''Pro-Football-Reference.com''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 3,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> Lokacin da Taylor ya bar gasar, shi ne ɗan wasa na farko da ya yi kakar wasa shida na akalla karɓar 'yan wasa 75. Babu wani ɗan wasa da ya yi kakar wasa shida tare da aƙalla karɓar 'yan wasa 75 har zuwa 1993. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Number of seasons player meets criteria, up to 1993, in the regular season, requiring Receptions >= 75, sorted by descending instances. |url=https://www.sports-reference.com/stathead/tiny/7CzX5 |website=Stathead}}</ref> == Ƙididdigar aiki na AFL == {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" ! colspan="2" |Tatsuniya |- | style="background:#cfecec; width:3em;" | | Ya jagoranci gasar |- | '''Mai ƙarfin hali''' | Babban matsayi a aiki |} === Lokacin yau da kullun === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! rowspan="2" |Shekara ! rowspan="2" | Ƙungiyar ! colspan="2" | Wasanni ! colspan="5" | Karɓa |- ! Babban Likitan mata (GP) ! GS ! Sauti ! Yds ! Matsakaicin ! Lng ! TD |- ! 1960 ! DEN | 12 | 11 | style="background:#cfecec; width:3em;" | 92 | '''1,235''' | 13.4 | '''80''' | '''12''' |- ! 1961 ! DEN | 14 | 14 | style="background:#cfecec; width:3em;" | '''100''' | 1,176 | 11.8 | 52 | 4 |- ! 1962 ! DEN | 14 | 14 | style="background:#cfecec; width:3em;" | 77 | 908 | 11.8 | 45 | 4 |- ! 1963 ! DEN | 14 | 14 | style="background:#cfecec; width:3em;" | 78 | 1,101 | 14.1 | 72 | 10 |- ! 1964 ! DEN | 14 | 14 | 76 | 873 | 11.5 | 57 | 7 |- ! 1965 ! DEN | 14 | 14 | style="background:#cfecec; width:3em;" | 85 | 1,131 | 13.3 | 63 | 6 |- ! 1966 ! DEN | 14 | 14 | 35 | 448 | 12.8 | 32 | 1 |- ! 1967 ! HOU | 8 | 6 | 18 | 233 | 12.9 | 23 | 1 |- ! 1968 ! HOU | 9 | 1 | 6 | 90 | '''15.0''' | 35 | 0 |- ! colspan="2" | ! 121 ! 102 ! 567 ! 7,195 ! 12.7 ! 80 ! 45 |} === Wasannin neman cancanta === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! rowspan="2" |Shekara ! rowspan="2" | Ƙungiyar ! colspan="2" | Wasanni ! colspan="5" | Karɓa |- ! Babban Likitan mata (GP) ! GS ! Sauti ! Yds ! Matsakaicin ! Lng ! TD |- ! 1967 ! HOU | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 6.0 | 6 | 0 |- ! colspan="2" | ! 1 ! 1 ! 1 ! 6 ! 6.0 ! 6 ! 0 |} == Rayuwa ta sirri == A lokacin aikinsa na wasa, ya sami digiri na biyu a fannin ilimi. Bayan ya yi ritaya, shi da matarsa Lorencita (Arquero) Taylor, ɗan asalin Cochiti Pueblo da ke New Mexico, sun zauna a Littleton, Colorado na ɗan lokaci, kafin su koma New Mexico. <ref name=":18">{{Cite web |title=West Virginia Sports Hall of Fame |url=https://wvswa.org/west-virginia-sports-hall-of-fame-p972-482.htm |website=West Virginia Sports Writers Association}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://wvswa.org/west-virginia-sports-hall-of-fame-p972-482.htm "West Virginia Sports Hall of Fame"]. ''West Virginia Sports Writers Association''.</cite></ref> <ref name=":20">{{Cite web |last=Wright |first=Rick |last2= |first2= |last3= |first3= |date=2025-08-15 |title=Lionel Taylor, former NMHU and Denver Broncos star, dies at 89 (Albuquerque Journal) |url=https://sports.yahoo.com/article/lionel-taylor-former-nmhu-denver-030700096.html |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=Yahoo Sports |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFWright2025">Wright, Rick (August 15, 2025). [https://sports.yahoo.com/article/lionel-taylor-former-nmhu-denver-030700096.html "Lionel Taylor, former NMHU and Denver Broncos star, dies at 89 (Albuquerque Journal)"]. ''Yahoo Sports''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 3,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> == Rashin lafiya da mutuwa == A ranar 20 ga Disamba, 2024, an kwantar da Taylor a asibiti saboda kamuwa da cutar mafitsara, inda ya shafe kwanaki 69 a can kafin ya tafi. Ya dawo a watan Yulin 2025, inda ya kara kwana biyu kafin a kwantar da shi a asibiti. Taylor ya mutu a ranar 6 ga Agusta, 2025, yana da shekaru 89, a gidansa da ke Rio Rancho, New Mexico, kusa da Albuquerque . <ref name="obit">{{Cite web |last=DiLalla |first=Aric |title=Broncos mourn passing of Ring of Famer Lionel Taylor |url=https://www.denverbroncos.com/news/broncos-mourn-passing-of-ring-of-famer-lionel-taylor |access-date=13 August 2025 |website=denverbroncos.com |publisher=Denver Broncos}}</ref> <ref name=":10">{{Cite web |last=Mosley |first=Kyle T. |date=2025-08-14 |title=Lionel Taylor: Former Texas Southern Football Coach Dies At 89 |url=https://www.si.com/college/hbcu/football/lionel-taylor-former-texas-southern-football-coach-dies-at-89 |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=HBCU Legends On SI |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFMosley2025">Mosley, Kyle T. (August 14, 2025). [https://www.si.com/college/hbcu/football/lionel-taylor-former-texas-southern-football-coach-dies-at-89 "Lionel Taylor: Former Texas Southern Football Coach Dies At 89"]. ''HBCU Legends On SI''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name=":12">{{Cite web |last=Lusk |first=Bill |date=2025-08-18 |title=Remembering Lionel Taylor, a Pioneer, Mentor, Quiet Giant of Football |url=https://www.wvowradio.com/post/remembering-lionel-taylor-a-pioneer-mentor-quiet-giant-of-football |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=WVOW Radio |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFLusk2025">Lusk, Bill (August 18, 2025). [https://www.wvowradio.com/post/remembering-lionel-taylor-a-pioneer-mentor-quiet-giant-of-football "Remembering Lionel Taylor, a Pioneer, Mentor, Quiet Giant of Football"]. ''WVOW Radio''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> Ya bar matarsa Lorencita (Arquero) Taylor, da 'ya'yansu mata biyu, jikoki shida, jikoki bakwai, da kuma jikoki biyu. == Tarihin babban mai horaswa == === Kwaleji === {{CFB Yearly Record Start|type=coach|team=|conf=|bowl=|poll=no}} {{CFB Yearly Record Subhead|name=[[Texas Southern Tigers football|Texas Southern Tigers]]|conf=[[Southwestern Athletic Conference]]|startyear=1984|endyear=1988}} {{CFB Yearly Record Entry|championship=|year=[[1984 NCAA Division I-AA football season|1984]]|name=[[1984 Texas Southern Tigers football team|Texas Southern]]|overall=5–6|conference=2–5|confstanding=6th|bowlname=|bowloutcome=|bcsbowl=|ranking=no|ranking2=no}} {{CFB Yearly Record Entry|championship=|year=[[1985 NCAA Division I-AA football season|1985]]|name=[[1985 Texas Southern Tigers football team|Texas Southern]]|overall=1–10|conference=1–6|confstanding=7th|bowlname=|bowloutcome=|bcsbowl=|ranking=no|ranking2=no}} {{CFB Yearly Record Entry|championship=|year=[[1986 NCAA Division I-AA football season|1986]]|name=[[1986 Texas Southern Tigers football team|Texas Southern]]|overall=2–8–1|conference=1–5–1|confstanding=7th|bowlname=|bowloutcome=|bcsbowl=|ranking=no|ranking2=no}} {{CFB Yearly Record Entry|championship=|year=[[1987 NCAA Division I-AA football season|1987]]|name=[[1987 Texas Southern Tigers football team|Texas Southern]]|overall=5–6|conference=3–4|confstanding=T–5th|bowlname=|bowloutcome=|bcsbowl=|ranking=no|ranking2=no}} {{CFB Yearly Record Entry|championship=|year=[[1988 NCAA Division I-AA football season|1988]]|name=[[1988 Texas Southern Tigers football team|Texas Southern]]|overall=0–11|conference=0–7|confstanding=8th|bowlname=|bowloutcome=|bcsbowl=|ranking=no|ranking2=no}} {{CFB Yearly Record Subtotal|name=Texas Southern|overall=13–41–1|confrecord=7–27–1}} {{CFB Yearly Record End|overall=13–41–1|bowls=no|poll=no|polltype=|legend=no}} == Duba kuma == == Nassoshi == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == {{Super Bowl IX}} {{Denver Broncos Ring of Honor}} [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2025]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1935]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] n48a3z9xh6ibda1ji5qhkpg9r270t1r 878912 878897 2026-07-08T10:45:19Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 878912 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Lionel Thomas Taylor''' (Agusta 15, 1935 - Agusta 6, 2025) ɗan wasan [[Kwallon ƙafa na Amurka|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne kuma koci ɗan Amurka. Ya buga wasa a matsayin mai karɓar ƙwallon ƙafa mai yawa, musamman tare da Denver Broncos na American Football League (AFL). Taylor ya jagoranci gasar a cikin liyafa na tsawon shekaru biyar daga cikin shekaru shida na farko na wanzuwar gasar. Shi ne ɗan wasa na biyu da ya jagoranci gasar a cikin liyafa na akalla shekaru biyar, Taylor a halin yanzu shi ne na ƙarshe da ya yi hakan. Shi ne mai karɓar ƙwallon ƙafa na uku da ya kai liyafa 500 a tarihin ƙwallon ƙafa na ƙwararru. <ref>{{Cite web |title=NFL Career Receptions Leaders Through 1965 |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/leaders/rec_career_1965.htm |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com}}</ref> Shi ma ya kasance mataimakin koci na dogon lokaci a gasar, inda ya lashe Super Bowls biyu tare da Pittsburgh Steelers . A shekarar 2024, an ba shi lambar yabo ta ƙwarewa ta Pro Football Hall of Fame saboda aikinsa na mataimakin. <ref>{{Cite web |date=March 28, 2024 |title=Three Steelers front office honored by Pro Football Hall of Fame's Awards of Excellence |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/pittsburgh/news/three-steelers-front-office-members-honored-by-pro-football-hall-of-fames-awards-of-excellence/ |access-date=May 15, 2024 |website=cbsnews.com}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Taylor a ranar 15 ga Agusta, 1935, a Kansas City, Missouri . Mahaifinsa (mai hakar ma'adinai) da mahaifiyarsa (mai dafa abinci), JC da Bertha Glend sun girma a Lorado, West Virginia . Ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Buffalo da ke Accoville, West Virginia, inda ya buga wasanni uku, inda ya fito a ƙwallon ƙafa da ƙwallon kwando (wani lokacin ana kiransa "Mr. 30" saboda ƙwarewarsa a ƙwallon kwando). <ref>{{Cite web |title=West Virginia Sports Hall of Fame |url=https://wvswa.org/west-virginia-sports-hall-of-fame-p972-482.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=wvswa.org}}</ref> Ya kasance na biyu a ƙungiyar All-State a ƙwallon ƙafa da ƙwallon kwando a matsayin ɗalibi na farko, inda ya kammala karatunsa a 1953. <ref name=":12">{{Cite web |last=Lusk |first=Bill |date=2025-08-18 |title=Remembering Lionel Taylor, a Pioneer, Mentor, Quiet Giant of Football |url=https://www.wvowradio.com/post/remembering-lionel-taylor-a-pioneer-mentor-quiet-giant-of-football |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=WVOW Radio |language=en}}</ref> == Kwallon kafa na kwaleji == Taylor ya fara zuwa Kwalejin Jihar West Virginia (wanda yanzu Jami'ar Jihar West Virginia ce). Ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa na shekara ɗaya a gasar Yellow Jackets . Makarantar ba ta sami damar bayar da wani tallafin kuɗi ta hanyar tallafin karatu ba, kuma damar da shirin ƙwallon ƙafarsa ya samu nasara ba ta da kyau. A wannan lokacin, kocin a Jami'ar New Mexico Highlands (NMHU), wacce ke Las Vegas, New Mexico, ita ce Donnie Gibson, wacce ta kasance fitacciyar 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a Kwalejin Marshall (yanzu Jami'ar Marshall) da ke Huntington, West Virginia . Gibson ya yi nasarar ɗaukar Taylor daga Jihar West Virginia, inda ya ba Taylor cikakken tallafin karatu don buga ƙwallon ƙafa a NMHU, kuma Taylor ya koma NMHU. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=Marshall University |url=https://www.cityofhuntington.com//visitors/marshall-university |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=City of Huntington, WV |language=en}}</ref> <ref name=":20">{{Cite web |last=Wright |first=Rick |last2= |first2= |last3= |first3= |date=2025-08-15 |title=Lionel Taylor, former NMHU and Denver Broncos star, dies at 89 (Albuquerque Journal) |url=https://sports.yahoo.com/article/lionel-taylor-former-nmhu-denver-030700096.html |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=Yahoo Sports |language=en-US}}</ref> An kuma ruwaito cewa ɗan'uwan Gibson da Gibson sun yi ƙoƙarin ɗaukar Taylor daga makarantar sakandare don NMHU, amma Taylor ya zaɓi Jihar West Virginia. Bayan ya yanke shawarar barin Jihar West Virginia, Taylor ya tuntuɓi kocin Gibson wanda har yanzu yana sha'awar Taylor. Taylor ya ɗauki kwana uku a cikin motar bas don ganawa da Gibson a Albuquerque ; daga ƙarshe ya yanke shawarar canzawa zuwa NMHU. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Williamson |first=Dwight |date=2020-06-10 |title=Charlie Cowan -- another NFL legend from Logan County |url=https://www.coalvalleynews.com/opinion/dwight-williamson-charlie-cowan----another-nfl-legend-from-logan-county/article_cfc9f183-60fe-5a5b-b0bd-1e035a4c8538.html |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=The Coal Valley News |language=en}}</ref> Ya kammala karatunsa daga NMHU a 1958, tare da digiri na farko na Fasaha . Taylor ya sami lambar yabo ta All- Friendry Conference a shekarun 1955 da 1956. An ambaci shi a matsayin All-America a shekarar 1956. Ƙungiyoyi shida na NFL sun tuntuɓi Taylor da tayin a shekarar 1957. A matsayinsa na ɗalibi na farko a shekarar 1957, Gibson ya naɗa Taylor, mai shekaru 22, kocin ƙungiyar, ko na baya da/ko na ƙarshe; kuma mai leƙen asiri. Ba a biyan Taylor albashi don haka zai iya riƙe matsayinsa na ɗan wasa a kakar wasan ƙwallon kwando. Shi ne mataimakin kocin Gibson tilo a wannan kakar, wanda a lokacin bai cancanci buga ƙwallon ƙafa ba saboda kakar wasa ɗaya da ya yi a West Virginia State. Baya ga ƙwallon ƙafa, Taylor ya yi fice a [[Kwallon kwando|ƙwallon kwando]] na tsawon shekaru uku a NMHU, kuma ya kasance a ƙungiyar tsere na tsawon kakar wasa ɗaya. A tsawon aikinsa na ƙwallon kwando a NMHU, Taylor ya sami matsakaicin maki 22 a kowace wasa a ƙarƙashin Gibson, wanda kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin kocin ƙwallon kwando na makarantar. An ambaci taron All-Frontier a tsakiyar wasan ƙwallon kwando a kakar wasa ta 1955-1956, kuma ya kasance taron All-Frontier a kakar wasa mai zuwa (1956-57), lokacin da shi ne na biyu mafi yawan kwallaye a gasar. Gibson ya yi imanin cewa Taylor zai iya zama ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon kwando, musamman tare da kyakkyawan harbinsa da kuma tsaron gida mai ƙarfi. A gasar tseren tsere ta Frontier Conference ta 1956, Taylor ya zo na farko a tsalle mai tsayi, matsayi na biyu a cikin discus, sannan na uku a bugun harbi . <ref name=":20">{{Cite web |last=Wright |first=Rick |last2= |first2= |last3= |first3= |date=2025-08-15 |title=Lionel Taylor, former NMHU and Denver Broncos star, dies at 89 (Albuquerque Journal) |url=https://sports.yahoo.com/article/lionel-taylor-former-nmhu-denver-030700096.html |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=Yahoo Sports |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFWright2025">Wright, Rick (August 15, 2025). [https://sports.yahoo.com/article/lionel-taylor-former-nmhu-denver-030700096.html "Lionel Taylor, former NMHU and Denver Broncos star, dies at 89 (Albuquerque Journal)"]. ''Yahoo Sports''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 3,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> Taylor ya yi wa Charlie Cowan, ɗan wasan NFL na gaba a Makarantar Sakandare ta Buffalo, shekaru uku kafin ɗan wasan NFL na gaba a Makarantar Sakandare ta Buffalo. Kamar Taylor, Cowan ya fara zuwa Jihar West Virginia, amma Cowan ya bar makarantar. Da ya dawo gida West Virginia a lokacin hutun Kirsimeti, Taylor ya yi magana da Cowan ya kuma ji labarin halin da yake ciki. Daga nan Taylor ya kira koci Gibson ya gaya wa Gibson ya kawo Cowan zuwa NMHU, wanda Gibson ya yi. Taylor da Cowan sun yi wasa shekara ɗaya tare a NMHU. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Williamson |first=Dwight |date=2020-06-10 |title=Charlie Cowan -- another NFL legend from Logan County |url=https://www.coalvalleynews.com/opinion/dwight-williamson-charlie-cowan----another-nfl-legend-from-logan-county/article_cfc9f183-60fe-5a5b-b0bd-1e035a4c8538.html |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=The Coal Valley News |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFWilliamson2020">Williamson, Dwight (June 10, 2020). [https://www.coalvalleynews.com/opinion/dwight-williamson-charlie-cowan----another-nfl-legend-from-logan-county/article_cfc9f183-60fe-5a5b-b0bd-1e035a4c8538.html "Charlie Cowan -- another NFL legend from Logan County"]. ''The Coal Valley News''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> Cowan ya kammala karatunsa daga NMHU a 1961, sannan ya zama ɗan wasan gaba ga Los Angeles Rams a Gasar Kwallon Kafa ta Ƙasa (NFL) na tsawon shekaru 15. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Charlie Cowan Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/C/CowaCh00.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> == Ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙwararru == === Beyar Chicago === Ba a zaɓi Taylor a cikin zaɓen NFL ba. A shekarar 1958, Chicago Bears ta gayyace shi ya gwada wa ƙungiyar, kuma ta sanya hannu kan kwangila a watan Yunin 1958. Bai shiga Bears ba, kuma ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta semipro ga wata ƙungiya a Bakersfield, California . Bears sun dawo da shi sansanin horo a 1959. Ya kasance cikin ƙungiyar na wasanni takwas a wannan kakar, amma ba shi da ƙididdigar kai hari, kuma bai buga wasannin ba a mafi yawan lokuta. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1959 Chicago Bears Rosters, Stats, Schedule, Team Draftees |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/teams/chi/1959.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> Taylor shine ɗan wasan NMHU na farko a NFL. <ref name=":5" /> An jera shi a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba a jerin 'yan wasan Bears na 1959. <ref name=":22">{{Cite web |title=1959 Chicago Bears Roster & Players |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/teams/chi/1959_roster.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=1959 Chicago Bears (NFL) Scores, Roster, Stats, Coaches, Draft |url=https://profootballarchives.com/1959nflchib.html |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=profootballarchives.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chicago Bears All-Time Roster {{!}} The Football Database |url=https://www.footballdb.com/teams/nfl/chicago-bears/alltime-roster?letter=T |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=FootballDB.com |language=en}}</ref> Ya kasance mai kare 'yan wasan Harlon Hill da Jim Dooley, amma bai yi wasa sosai ba. <ref name=":22" /> A wasan da aka yi tsakanin Bears da San Francisco 49ers a ranar 25 ga Oktoba, 1959, an ruwaito cewa Taylor ya shigo wasan a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbinsa a ƙarshe. A cikin jerin 'yan wasan Bears na lokacin don wasan da suka yi da Los Angeles Rams a ranar 1 ga Nuwamba, 1959, an jera shi a matsayin wanda zai buga wasan. A ranar 6 ga Disamba, 1959, jerin 'yan wasa na wasan da Bears da Pittsburgh Steelers suka buga sun jera Taylor a rabin baya. Ya kuma buga wasan a wasan gaba a kakar wasa ta 1960 don Bears. A tsakiyar watan Agusta na shekarar 1960, a wasan share fagen kakar wasa tsakanin Bears da New York Giants, Taylor ya samu bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida na yadi shida daga hannun Zeke Bratkowski . Wasu labarai na baya-bayan nan game da Taylor, waɗanda aka buga shekaru da yawa bayan ƙarshen aikinsa na wasa, sun bayyana cewa ya buga wasanni takwas tare da Bears a 1959 a matsayin mai tsaron baya, kuma Denver Broncos daga baya za su canza shi zuwa mai karɓar wasa. Wannan ya bayyana sabanin sauran majiyoyi, da kuma rahotannin jaridu na zamani daga 1959. <ref name=":10">{{Cite web |last=Mosley |first=Kyle T. |date=2025-08-14 |title=Lionel Taylor: Former Texas Southern Football Coach Dies At 89 |url=https://www.si.com/college/hbcu/football/lionel-taylor-former-texas-southern-football-coach-dies-at-89 |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=HBCU Legends On SI |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":12">{{Cite web |last=Lusk |first=Bill |date=2025-08-18 |title=Remembering Lionel Taylor, a Pioneer, Mentor, Quiet Giant of Football |url=https://www.wvowradio.com/post/remembering-lionel-taylor-a-pioneer-mentor-quiet-giant-of-football |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=WVOW Radio |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFLusk2025">Lusk, Bill (August 18, 2025). [https://www.wvowradio.com/post/remembering-lionel-taylor-a-pioneer-mentor-quiet-giant-of-football "Remembering Lionel Taylor, a Pioneer, Mentor, Quiet Giant of Football"]. ''WVOW Radio''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> [[Fayil:LionelTaylor1961.png|thumb|Taylor a shekarar 1961.]] A shekarar 1960, Taylor yana tunanin shiga sabuwar gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL), wadda ta fara kakar wasa ta farko. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1960 AFL Standings & Team Stats |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/1960_AFL/index.htm |access-date=2025-09-17 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=General History - Chronology (1960 to 1979) {{!}} Pro Football Hall of Fame |url=https://www.profootballhof.com/football-history/general-history-chronology-1960-to-1979 |access-date=2025-09-17 |website=pfhof |language=en}}</ref> Ya tattauna da George Halas, mai Bears kuma kocinsu. Halas ya ba Taylor makonni biyu don ya yanke shawara, kuma Taylor ya yanke shawarar zuwa sabuwar gasar. Bayan da Bears suka sake shi a watan Satumbar 1960, an sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar Denver Broncos na AFL a ranar Juma'a da safe, 23 ga Satumba, 1960. Daga baya a wannan ranar, ya buga wasan receiver mai faɗi a wasansa na farko a Broncos (wasan na uku na kakar wasan ƙungiyar). Taylor ya yi liyafa shida na yadi 125, da kuma kamawar touchdown mai yadi 32 da mintuna kaɗan suka rage a wasan. <ref name=":6" /> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Denver Broncos at New York Titans - September 23rd, 1960 |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/boxscores/196009230nyj.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> A wasan da aka buga a ranar 27 ga Nuwamba da Buffalo Bills, Taylor ya yi liyafa tara na yadi 199. Wannan ya haɗa da touchdowns uku na yadi 80, 24 da 35 a cikin mintuna 19. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Buffalo Bills at Denver Broncos - November 27th, 1960 |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/boxscores/196011270den.htm |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> A wasanni 11 da ya buga a wannan kakar, ya jagoranci AFL da liyafa 92; liyafa 20 fiye da sauran 'yan wasa masu jan hankali a AFL. Jimillar yadi 1,235 da ya samu shi ne na uku mafi kyau a AFL, kuma liyafa 12 da ya samu sun yi daidai da na biyu mafi kyau. <ref name=":7">{{Cite web |title=1960 AFL Leaders and Leaderboards |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/1960_AFL/leaders.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> Ya samu matsakaicin yadi 102.9 a kowane wasa, wanda shi ne na biyu mafi kyau a AFL. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1960 Denver Broncos Rosters, Stats, Schedule, Team Draftees |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/teams/den/1960.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref name=":7" /> An nada shi a matsayin All-AFL a matsayin na farko a kungiyar ta Associated Press (AP), United Press International (UPI) da kuma AFL. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1960 AFL All-Pros |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/1960_AFL/allpro.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> A shekarar 1961, ya fara dukkan wasanni 14 na Broncos a wide receiver, kuma ya zama ɗan wasan AFL ko NFL na farko da ya kama pass 100 a kakar wasa, yayin da kuma ya jagoranci AFL a liyafar. <ref name=":12" /> <ref name=":13">{{Cite web |title=1961 AFL Leaders and Leaderboards |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/1961_AFL/leaders.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref name=":14">{{Cite web |title=1961 Denver Broncos Rosters, Stats, Schedule, Team Draftees |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/teams/den/1961.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref name=":10" /> Ya kasance na biyu a AFL da yadi 1,176 na karɓar, <ref name=":13" /> kuma ya sami liyafar taɓawa sau huɗu. <ref name=":14" /> An zaɓe shi don ya buga wasa a Wasan All-Star na farko na AFL a ranar 7 ga Janairu, 1962. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1961 Season AFL All-Star Game |url=http://www.remembertheafl.com/1961SeasonAFLAllStarGame.htm |access-date=2025-09-21 |website=www.remembertheafl.com}}</ref> <ref name=":14" /> An sake naɗa shi a matsayin ɗan wasa na farko na All-AFL ta AP, UPI da AFL. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1961 AFL All-Pros |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/1961_AFL/allpro.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> Wani ɗan wasa ɗaya tilo da ya taɓa samun liyafa sama da 100 a kakar wasa 14 shine Charley Hennigan na Houston Oilers a 1964 (101). Tun lokacin da NFL ta faɗaɗa zuwa buga wasanni 16 ko fiye na kakar wasa ta yau da kullun a cikin kakar wasa ɗaya, a cikin 1978, <ref>{{Cite web |title=NFL.com {{!}} Official Site of the National Football League |url=https://www.nfl.com/standings/division/1978/reg |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=NFL.com |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=NFL.com {{!}} Official Site of the National Football League |url=https://www.nfl.com/standings/division/1977/REG |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=NFL.com |language=en-US}}</ref> an yi nasarar wannan nasarar sau da yawa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=NFL Receptions Single-Season Leaders |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/leaders/rec_single_season.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> Ya sake jagorantar AFL a shekarar 1962 da karɓar baƙi 77, kuma ya sami jimillar yadi 908 na karɓa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1962 AFL Leaders and Leaderboards |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/1962_AFL/leaders.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=1962 Denver Broncos Rosters, Stats, Schedule, Team Draftees |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/teams/den/1962.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> An sake naɗa shi AFL All-Star, kuma an zaɓe shi a matsayin All-AFL na ƙungiyar farko ta AP da kuma UPI na ƙungiyar ta biyu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1962 Denver Broncos Rosters, Stats, Schedule, Team Draftees |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/teams/den/1962.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=1962 AFL All-Pros |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/1962_AFL/allpro.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> A shekarar 1963, ya jagoranci AFL a shekara ta huɗu a jere tare da karɓar baƙi 78. Ya sami yadi sama da 1,000 na karɓa a karo na uku (yadi 1,101). An daidaita shi a matsayi na huɗu mafi yawa tare da karɓar baƙi 10. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1963 AFL Leaders and Leaderboards |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/1963_AFL/leaders.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=1963 Denver Broncos Rosters, Stats, Schedule, Team Draftees |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/teams/den/1963.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> UPI ta naɗa shi a matsayin All-AFL na ƙungiya ta biyu a shekarar 1963. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1963 AFL All-Pros |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/1963_AFL/allpro.htm |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> Charley Hennigan ya jagoranci AFL da liyafa 101 a shekarar 1964, inda ya zama mutum na farko bayan Taylor da ya jagoranci AFL a jimillar liyafa. Taylor ya yi kunnen doki a matsayi na biyu da liyafa 76. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1964 AFL Leaders and Leaderboards |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/1964_AFL/leaders.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> Ya sami yadi 873 da touchdowns bakwai. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1964 Denver Broncos Rosters, Stats, Schedule, Team Draftees |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/teams/den/1964.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> A shekarar 1965, ya sake jagorantar AFL da liyafa 85 (fiye da mai karɓa na biyu 16). Ya kasance na uku mafi yawan yadi a gasar (yadi 1,131). <ref>{{Cite web |title=1965 AFL Leaders and Leaderboards |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/1965_AFL/leaders.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> Ya sami touchdowns shida a wannan shekarar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1965 Denver Broncos Rosters, Stats, Schedule, Team Draftees |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/teams/den/1965.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> UPI ta nada shi a matsayin ƙungiyar farko ta All-AFL, kamar yadda AFL, AP, Newspaper Enterprise Association (NEA), da <nowiki><i id="mwAZk">The Sporting News</i></nowiki> suka yi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1965 AFL All-Pros |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/1965_AFL/allpro.htm |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=1965 AFL and NFL Awards |url=https://www.profootballarchives.com/1965awards.html |access-date=2026-01-19 |website=www.profootballarchives.com}}</ref> A shekarar 1966, Taylor ya sake fara wasanni 14, amma jimillar 'yan wasan da ya karɓa sun ragu zuwa 35, na tsawon yadi 448 da kuma taɓawa ɗaya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1966 Denver Broncos Rosters, Stats, Schedule, Team Draftees |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/teams/den/1966.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> Ya ji rauni a gwiwa a lokacin horo, amma ba a ɗauke shi da tsanani a lokacin ba. A cikin shekaru shida da ya yi tare da Broncos, ƙungiyar ba ta taɓa samun nasara a kakar wasa ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1966 Denver Broncos Rosters, Stats, Schedule, Team Draftees |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/teams/den/1966.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> A watan Yulin 1967, Broncos ta sayar da Taylor ga Oakland Raiders. === Oakland Raiders da Houston Oilers === A watan Satumba na 1967, Raiders ta sanya Taylor a cikin jerin 'yan wasan da suka yi ritaya na son rai. Kocin Raiders John Rauch ya ba da rahoton cewa Taylor yana fama da matsalolin ƙafa kuma ya yi niyyar yin ritaya. A lokacin yana da shekaru 30 kuma yana riƙe da rikodin karɓar baƙi na AFL a kowane lokaci (543). <ref name=":15" /> Daga baya Taylor ya rattaba hannu da Houston Oilers a ƙarshen Oktoba, inda ya buga wasa a 1967 da 1968 kafin ya yi ritaya a watan Maris na 1969; amma raunukan da ya samu sun rage ingancinsa. <ref name=":18">{{Cite web |title=West Virginia Sports Hall of Fame |url=https://wvswa.org/west-virginia-sports-hall-of-fame-p972-482.htm |website=West Virginia Sports Writers Association}}</ref> Taylor ya fara wasanni shida kacal a 1967, tare da liyafa 18; da kuma wasa ɗaya a 1968, tare da liyafa shida. <ref name=":17">{{Cite web |title=Lionel Taylor Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/T/TaylLi00.htm |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> Duk da haka, a 1967, ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen nasarar Houston a rukuninta; kuma wasansa ya ƙare a 1968 lokacin da aka yi masa tiyatar cire ciki a lokacin kakar wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1967 Houston Oilers Rosters, Stats, Schedule, Team Draftees |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/teams/oti/1967.htm |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> Yayin da yake tare da Houston, ya yi aiki tare da kocin masu karɓar 'yan wasa Fran Polsfoot don haɓaka ƙananan masu karɓar 'yan wasa, kamar Alvin Reed . <ref name=":16" /> Da yake tsammanin rawar da zai taka a nan gaba a ƙwallon ƙafa, cikin watanni da ya yi ritaya a 1969, Taylor ya yi aiki a matsayin kocin masu karɓar 'yan wasa ga dukkan taurarin kwaleji a Wasan All-Star na Kwalejin Chicago na 1969, a ƙarƙashin kocin Otto Graham . <ref name=":21" /> Taylor ya kammala aikinsa na AFL da liyafa 567, yadi 7,195 da kuma liyafa 45. <ref name=":17">{{Cite web |title=Lionel Taylor Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/T/TaylLi00.htm |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/T/TaylLi00.htm "Lionel Taylor Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College"]. ''Pro-Football-Reference.com''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 3,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> liyafa 567 da ya yi ita ce ta biyar mafi kyau a tarihin ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙwararru lokacin da ya yi ritaya. <ref name=":18">{{Cite web |title=West Virginia Sports Hall of Fame |url=https://wvswa.org/west-virginia-sports-hall-of-fame-p972-482.htm |website=West Virginia Sports Writers Association}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://wvswa.org/west-virginia-sports-hall-of-fame-p972-482.htm "West Virginia Sports Hall of Fame"]. ''West Virginia Sports Writers Association''.</cite></ref> == Aikin koyarwa == Bayan aikinsa na wasa, Taylor ya shiga dogon aiki a matsayin koci. A matsayinsa na ɗaya daga cikin masu horarwa da masu tsara wasanni na farko a gasar NFL, kocin Hall of Fame Tony Dungy ya ce Taylor "tabbas abin koyi ne ga tsararrakin masu horarwa na". <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tony Dungy {{!}} Pro Football Hall of Fame {{!}} Pro Football Hall of Fame |url=https://www.profootballhof.com/players/tony-dungy |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=pfhof |language=en}}</ref> Ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin koci a NFL tare da Pittsburgh Steelers, Los Angeles Rams da Cleveland Browns . <ref name=":9">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2025-08-15 |title=Texas Southern University mourns the passing of former head football coach Lionel Taylor – TSU News |url=https://texassouthernnews.com/texas-southern-university-mourns-the-passing-of-former-head-football-coach-lionel-taylor/ |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Texas Southern News |language=en-US}}</ref> Ya kasance mataimakin koci (masu karɓar baƙi) ga Pittsburgh Steelers daga 1970 zuwa 1976, inda ya jagoranci masu karɓar Hall of Fame Lynn Swann da John Stallworth . Steelers sun lashe Super Bowls IX (1975) da X (1976) a lokacin da yake horar da 'yan wasa a Pittsburgh. <ref name=":10">{{Cite web |last=Mosley |first=Kyle T. |date=2025-08-14 |title=Lionel Taylor: Former Texas Southern Football Coach Dies At 89 |url=https://www.si.com/college/hbcu/football/lionel-taylor-former-texas-southern-football-coach-dies-at-89 |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=HBCU Legends On SI |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFMosley2025">Mosley, Kyle T. (August 14, 2025). [https://www.si.com/college/hbcu/football/lionel-taylor-former-texas-southern-football-coach-dies-at-89 "Lionel Taylor: Former Texas Southern Football Coach Dies At 89"]. ''HBCU Legends On SI''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name=":12">{{Cite web |last=Lusk |first=Bill |date=2025-08-18 |title=Remembering Lionel Taylor, a Pioneer, Mentor, Quiet Giant of Football |url=https://www.wvowradio.com/post/remembering-lionel-taylor-a-pioneer-mentor-quiet-giant-of-football |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=WVOW Radio |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFLusk2025">Lusk, Bill (August 18, 2025). [https://www.wvowradio.com/post/remembering-lionel-taylor-a-pioneer-mentor-quiet-giant-of-football "Remembering Lionel Taylor, a Pioneer, Mentor, Quiet Giant of Football"]. ''WVOW Radio''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Super Bowl Winners by Year - ESPN |url=http://www.espn.com/nfl/superbowl/history/winners |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=ESPN.com}}</ref> Shi ne kocin 'yan wasan Rams daga 1977 zuwa 1979, sannan kuma mai kula da hare-harensu daga 1980 zuwa 1981. Ya zama na farko a NFL, ko kuma ɗaya daga cikin na farko, masu kula da hare-haren 'yan Afirka, lokacin da ya zama mai kula da hare-haren 'yan wasan Rams. <ref name=":12">{{Cite web |last=Lusk |first=Bill |date=2025-08-18 |title=Remembering Lionel Taylor, a Pioneer, Mentor, Quiet Giant of Football |url=https://www.wvowradio.com/post/remembering-lionel-taylor-a-pioneer-mentor-quiet-giant-of-football |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=WVOW Radio |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFLusk2025">Lusk, Bill (August 18, 2025). [https://www.wvowradio.com/post/remembering-lionel-taylor-a-pioneer-mentor-quiet-giant-of-football "Remembering Lionel Taylor, a Pioneer, Mentor, Quiet Giant of Football"]. ''WVOW Radio''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name=":9">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2025-08-15 |title=Texas Southern University mourns the passing of former head football coach Lionel Taylor – TSU News |url=https://texassouthernnews.com/texas-southern-university-mourns-the-passing-of-former-head-football-coach-lionel-taylor/ |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Texas Southern News |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://texassouthernnews.com/texas-southern-university-mourns-the-passing-of-former-head-football-coach-lionel-taylor/ "Texas Southern University mourns the passing of former head football coach Lionel Taylor – TSU News"]. ''Texas Southern News''. August 15, 2025<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> Ya kai wasansa na uku a Super Bowl a matsayin koci a kakar wasa ta 1979, inda Rams suka sha kashi a hannun Steelers a Super Bowl XIV, 31–19. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Super Bowl XIV - Los Angeles Rams vs. Pittsburgh Steelers - January 20th, 1980 |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/boxscores/198001200pit.htm |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> A shekarar 1980, Rams sun kasance na uku a NFL a maki da aka zira da kuma na biyu a jimillar yadi, <ref>{{Cite web |title=1980 NFL Standings & Team Stats |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/1980/index.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> amma sun faɗi sosai a 1981. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1981 NFL Standings & Team Stats |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/1981/index.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> A matsayinsa na mai tsara hare-hare, yana da dabarun faɗa da faɗa. Ya ce: "'Idan aka kammala dogon wucewa ga mai karɓar kwallo tare da 'yan wasan tsaro a kusa, mutane za su kira shi da sa'a. . . Amma sa'a ba ita ce ma'anar ba. Ma'anar ita ce ta hanyar ''tsara'' waɗannan wasannin da ''jefa'' ƙwallon kana ba wa kanka ''dama'' don kammala su. Kana ba wa kanka dama don cin nasara da manyan wasanni. Wannan ƙwallon ƙafa ce mai ƙarfi, kuma abin da na yi imani da shi kenan - hari mai ƙarfi da wayo.'" Bayan Rams, ya zama kocin 'wide receivers' a Jami'ar Jihar Oregon (1982-83). <ref name=":9">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2025-08-15 |title=Texas Southern University mourns the passing of former head football coach Lionel Taylor – TSU News |url=https://texassouthernnews.com/texas-southern-university-mourns-the-passing-of-former-head-football-coach-lionel-taylor/ |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Texas Southern News |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://texassouthernnews.com/texas-southern-university-mourns-the-passing-of-former-head-football-coach-lionel-taylor/ "Texas Southern University mourns the passing of former head football coach Lionel Taylor – TSU News"]. ''Texas Southern News''. August 15, 2025<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name=":12">{{Cite web |last=Lusk |first=Bill |date=2025-08-18 |title=Remembering Lionel Taylor, a Pioneer, Mentor, Quiet Giant of Football |url=https://www.wvowradio.com/post/remembering-lionel-taylor-a-pioneer-mentor-quiet-giant-of-football |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=WVOW Radio |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFLusk2025">Lusk, Bill (August 18, 2025). [https://www.wvowradio.com/post/remembering-lionel-taylor-a-pioneer-mentor-quiet-giant-of-football "Remembering Lionel Taylor, a Pioneer, Mentor, Quiet Giant of Football"]. ''WVOW Radio''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> Ya zama babban koci a karon farko tare da Jami'ar Texas Southern, daga 1984 zuwa 1988. Shi ne Kocin Texas Southern na farko da ya shiga gasar Labor Day Classic (1985). A shekarar 1989, ya zama kocin tight ends ga Cleveland Browns, sannan kuma mai kula da 'yan wasan ƙungiyar a 1990. <ref name=":12" /> Taylor ya kuma yi horo a Turai. Bayan hutun shekaru huɗu na horarwa, ya zama mai kula da hare-hare na London Monarchs of NFL Europe (1995-96), sannan kuma babban kocinsu kuma mai kula da hare-hare (1996-97). Bayan haka, ya zama babban koci kuma mai kula da hare-hare na Ingila Monarchs (1998). <ref name=":9">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2025-08-15 |title=Texas Southern University mourns the passing of former head football coach Lionel Taylor – TSU News |url=https://texassouthernnews.com/texas-southern-university-mourns-the-passing-of-former-head-football-coach-lionel-taylor/ |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Texas Southern News |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://texassouthernnews.com/texas-southern-university-mourns-the-passing-of-former-head-football-coach-lionel-taylor/ "Texas Southern University mourns the passing of former head football coach Lionel Taylor – TSU News"]. ''Texas Southern News''. August 15, 2025<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name=":12">{{Cite web |last=Lusk |first=Bill |date=2025-08-18 |title=Remembering Lionel Taylor, a Pioneer, Mentor, Quiet Giant of Football |url=https://www.wvowradio.com/post/remembering-lionel-taylor-a-pioneer-mentor-quiet-giant-of-football |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=WVOW Radio |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFLusk2025">Lusk, Bill (August 18, 2025). [https://www.wvowradio.com/post/remembering-lionel-taylor-a-pioneer-mentor-quiet-giant-of-football "Remembering Lionel Taylor, a Pioneer, Mentor, Quiet Giant of Football"]. ''WVOW Radio''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> == Gado da girmamawa == [[Fayil:LionelTaylor1965.png|thumb|Taylor (wanda aka nuna a shekarar 1965) a halin yanzu shine mai karɓar ƙwallon ƙafa na ƙarshe a tarihin ƙwallon ƙafa da ya jagoranci gasar sau biyar don karɓar ƙwallo.]] A shekarar 2024, Taylor yana cikin mutane uku da suka sami kyautar ƙwarewa ta ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙwararru saboda aikinsu na mataimakin koci, tare da [[Monte Kiffin]] da Bill McPherson . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Pro Football Hall of Fame presents 2024 Awards of Excellence for 15 winners {{!}} Pro Football Hall of Fame |url=https://www.profootballhof.com/news/2024/06/pro-football-hall-of-fame-presents-2024-awards-of-excellence-for-15-winners |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=pfhof |language=en}}</ref> A lokacin aikinsa na wasa da koyarwa, ya jagoranci ɗaruruwan 'yan wasa da masu horarwa, kuma an girmama shi sosai saboda halayensa na mutum da malami. <ref name=":12">{{Cite web |last=Lusk |first=Bill |date=2025-08-18 |title=Remembering Lionel Taylor, a Pioneer, Mentor, Quiet Giant of Football |url=https://www.wvowradio.com/post/remembering-lionel-taylor-a-pioneer-mentor-quiet-giant-of-football |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=WVOW Radio |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFLusk2025">Lusk, Bill (August 18, 2025). [https://www.wvowradio.com/post/remembering-lionel-taylor-a-pioneer-mentor-quiet-giant-of-football "Remembering Lionel Taylor, a Pioneer, Mentor, Quiet Giant of Football"]. ''WVOW Radio''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> A tarihin Denver Broncos, Taylor shine na uku a tarihin da ya samu yadi 71.6 a kowane wasa, na huɗu a tarihin da ya samu yadi (543) da kuma yadi (6,872), kuma na biyar a tarihin da ya samu yadi (44) (har zuwa kakar wasa ta 2024). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Denver Broncos Career Receiving Leaders |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/teams/den/career-receiving.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> Taylor shine MVP na ƙungiyar Broncos a 1963, 1964 da 1965, kuma ya sami Kofin Ƙasa na Uku bayan kowace kakar wasa. <ref name=":8">{{Cite web |title=Lionel Taylor |url=https://www.coloradosports.org/hall-of-fame/athletes/1970-inductees/lionel-taylor/ |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Colorado Sports Hall of Fame |language=en-US}}</ref> Ya kasance Tauraron AFL a 1961, 1962 da 1965. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Lionel Taylor Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/T/TaylLi00.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> Taylor, wanda yake ɗan asalin Bronco, ya kasance ɓangare na ajin farko na Ring of Fame na ƙungiyar a 1984, tare da Goose Gonsoulin, Floyd Little da Rich Jackson . <ref>{{Cite web |title=All 37 Broncos Ring of Fame members |url=https://www.denverbroncos.com/photos/ring-of-fame-inductees-15405196 |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=www.denverbroncos.com |language=en-US}}</ref> Tare da Lance Alworth, Charlie Hennigan da Sid Blanks, ya raba tarihin gasar American Football League na yawancin liyafa a wasa ɗaya, inda ya yi 13, <ref>{{Cite web |title=AFL Individual Records |url=http://www.remembertheafl.com/AFLIndividualRecords.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=www.remembertheafl.com}}</ref> ya yi hakan a kan Oakland Raiders a ranar 29 ga Nuwamba, 1964. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Oakland Raiders at Denver Broncos - November 29th, 1964 |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/boxscores/196411290den.htm |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> Ya yi kakar wasa huɗu ta yadi 1,000 kuma ya samu matsakaicin kamawa 84.7 a kowace shekara daga 1960 zuwa 1965. <ref name=":17">{{Cite web |title=Lionel Taylor Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/T/TaylLi00.htm |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/T/TaylLi00.htm "Lionel Taylor Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College"]. ''Pro-Football-Reference.com''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 3,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> {{As of|2026}} , yadi 102.9 na karɓar ƙwallonsa a kowane wasa a shekarar 1960 ya kasance rikodin ikon mallakar ƙungiyar Broncos. <ref>{{Cite web |title=For single seasons, playing for the Denver Broncos, in the regular season, sorted by descending Receiving Yds/Game. |url=https://www.sports-reference.com/stathead/tiny/vhhLA |access-date=June 25, 2026 |website=Stathead}}</ref> A lokacin da ya buga wasa (1960–1968), babban mai karɓar kwallo a AFL ya fi wanda ya fi kowa samun damar shiga gasar NFL a kowane lokaci sai dai a shekarar 1968. <ref>{{Cite web |title=NFL Receptions Year-by-Year Leaders |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/leaders/rec_year_by_year.htm |website=[[Pro-Football-Reference.com]]}}</ref> Taylor shi ne mai karɓar kwallo na farko da ya kama fiye da 90 a kakar wasa ɗaya, kuma shi ne na farko da ya yi sau biyu. <ref name=":19">{{Cite web |title=NFL Receptions Year-by-Year Leaders |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/leaders/rec_year_by_year.htm |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> Babu mai karɓar kwallo da zai jagoranci gasar a cikin liyafa sama da 90 a cikin kakar wasa biyu daban-daban har sai Sterling Sharpe ya yi hakan a cikin kakar wasa 16 (1989, 1992, 1993). <ref name=":19" /> Idan aka yi la'akari da tarihin AFL da NFL, ɗan wasa ɗaya tilo da ya jagoranci ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan lig ɗin wajen samun ƙarin yanayi fiye da na Taylor guda biyar, shine shahararren mai karɓar kwallo a Green Bay Packers, Don Hutson, mai ƙwallo takwas. <ref name=":19" /> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Don Hutson {{!}} Pro Football Hall of Fame |url=https://www.profootballhof.com/players/don-hutson |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=pfhof |language=en}}</ref> A shekarar 2022, ƙungiyar ƙwararrun masu binciken ƙwallon ƙafa ta naɗa Taylor zuwa ga PFRA Hall of Very Good Class na 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Professional Football Researchers Association |title=PFRA's Hall of Very Good Class of 2022 |url=https://profootballresearchers.com/hall-of-very-good-2022.html |access-date=July 19, 2022}}</ref> A shekarar 2001, an shigar da shi cikin zauren shahararru na wasannin motsa jiki na Jami'ar New Mexico Highlands. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Lionel Taylor (2001) - Hall of Fame |url=https://nmhuathletics.com/honors/hall-of-fame/lionel-taylor/12/kiosk |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=New Mexico Highlands University Athletics |language=en}}</ref> An shigar da shi cikin zauren shahararru na wasannin motsa jiki na West Virginia a shekarar 1980. <ref name=":18">{{Cite web |title=West Virginia Sports Hall of Fame |url=https://wvswa.org/west-virginia-sports-hall-of-fame-p972-482.htm |website=West Virginia Sports Writers Association}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://wvswa.org/west-virginia-sports-hall-of-fame-p972-482.htm "West Virginia Sports Hall of Fame"]. ''West Virginia Sports Writers Association''.</cite></ref> A shekarar 1970, an shigar da shi cikin zauren shahararru na wasannin motsa jiki na Colorado, Bronco na farko da aka shigar da shi. <ref name=":8">{{Cite web |title=Lionel Taylor |url=https://www.coloradosports.org/hall-of-fame/athletes/1970-inductees/lionel-taylor/ |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Colorado Sports Hall of Fame |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.coloradosports.org/hall-of-fame/athletes/1970-inductees/lionel-taylor/ "Lionel Taylor"]. ''Colorado Sports Hall of Fame''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> Taylor ya samu kololuwa daga 1960 zuwa 1965 wanda ya haifar da liyafa 508 na yadi 6,424 da kuma touchdown 43 a wasanni 82. <ref name=":17">{{Cite web |title=Lionel Taylor Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/T/TaylLi00.htm |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/T/TaylLi00.htm "Lionel Taylor Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College"]. ''Pro-Football-Reference.com''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 3,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> A wannan lokacin, a bangaren NFL, a wasanni 78, Bobby Mitchell ya samu kamawa 338 na yadi 5,571 da touchdown 43. <ref name=":11">{{Cite web |title=Bobby Mitchell Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/M/MitcBo00.htm |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> A tsawon aikinsa na wasanni 128, Mitchell ya samu liyafa 521 na yadi 7,954 (yadi 53.7 a kowace wasa) da touchdown 65; <ref name=":11" /> yayin da Taylor ya samu liyafa 567 da yadi 7,195 a wasanni 121, tare da touchdown 45, na yadi 59.5 a kowace wasa. <ref name=":17" /> Mitchell ya kammala aikinsa da touchdowns da kuma karbar yadi fiye da Taylor amma ya samu liyafa da karbar yadi a kowace wasa. An shigar da Mitchell cikin Pro Football Hall of Fame, yayin da Taylor bai samu ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Bobby Mitchell {{!}} Pro Football Hall of Fame |url=https://www.profootballhof.com/players/bobby-mitchell |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=pfhof |language=en}}</ref> Baya ga kasancewa mai karɓar 'yan wasa, duk da haka, a lokacin aikinsa na shekara 11 na Hall of Fame, Mitchell ya yi gudu don yadi 2,735 a kan ɗaukar 'yan wasa 513 (yadi 5.3 a kowace ɗaukar 'yan wasa), tare da bugun touchdowns 18 masu sauri; matsakaicin yadi 10.1 a kowace dawowa akan dawowar punt 69 tare da bugun touchdowns na punt guda uku; kuma matsakaicin yadi 26.4 a kowace dawowa akan dawowar kickoff 102 tare da wasu bugun touchdowns na dawowa guda biyar. Ya kammala aikinsa da yadi 10,689 daga wasan scrimmage, yadi 14,078 na dukkan manufa da kuma bugun touchdowns 91. <ref name=":11">{{Cite web |title=Bobby Mitchell Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/M/MitcBo00.htm |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/M/MitcBo00.htm "Bobby Mitchell Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College"]. ''Pro-Football-Reference.com''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 3,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> Lokacin da Taylor ya bar gasar, shi ne ɗan wasa na farko da ya yi kakar wasa shida na akalla karɓar 'yan wasa 75. Babu wani ɗan wasa da ya yi kakar wasa shida tare da aƙalla karɓar 'yan wasa 75 har zuwa 1993. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Number of seasons player meets criteria, up to 1993, in the regular season, requiring Receptions >= 75, sorted by descending instances. |url=https://www.sports-reference.com/stathead/tiny/7CzX5 |website=Stathead}}</ref> == Ƙididdigar aiki na AFL == {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" ! colspan="2" |Tatsuniya |- | style="background:#cfecec; width:3em;" | | Ya jagoranci gasar |- | '''Mai ƙarfin hali''' | Babban matsayi a aiki |} === Lokacin yau da kullun === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! rowspan="2" |Shekara ! rowspan="2" | Ƙungiyar ! colspan="2" | Wasanni ! colspan="5" | Karɓa |- ! Babban Likitan mata (GP) ! GS ! Sauti ! Yds ! Matsakaicin ! Lng ! TD |- ! 1960 ! DEN | 12 | 11 | style="background:#cfecec; width:3em;" | 92 | '''1,235''' | 13.4 | '''80''' | '''12''' |- ! 1961 ! DEN | 14 | 14 | style="background:#cfecec; width:3em;" | '''100''' | 1,176 | 11.8 | 52 | 4 |- ! 1962 ! DEN | 14 | 14 | style="background:#cfecec; width:3em;" | 77 | 908 | 11.8 | 45 | 4 |- ! 1963 ! DEN | 14 | 14 | style="background:#cfecec; width:3em;" | 78 | 1,101 | 14.1 | 72 | 10 |- ! 1964 ! DEN | 14 | 14 | 76 | 873 | 11.5 | 57 | 7 |- ! 1965 ! DEN | 14 | 14 | style="background:#cfecec; width:3em;" | 85 | 1,131 | 13.3 | 63 | 6 |- ! 1966 ! DEN | 14 | 14 | 35 | 448 | 12.8 | 32 | 1 |- ! 1967 ! HOU | 8 | 6 | 18 | 233 | 12.9 | 23 | 1 |- ! 1968 ! HOU | 9 | 1 | 6 | 90 | '''15.0''' | 35 | 0 |- ! colspan="2" | ! 121 ! 102 ! 567 ! 7,195 ! 12.7 ! 80 ! 45 |} === Wasannin neman cancanta === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! rowspan="2" |Shekara ! rowspan="2" | Ƙungiyar ! colspan="2" | Wasanni ! colspan="5" | Karɓa |- ! Babban Likitan mata (GP) ! GS ! Sauti ! Yds ! Matsakaicin ! Lng ! TD |- ! 1967 ! HOU | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 6.0 | 6 | 0 |- ! colspan="2" | ! 1 ! 1 ! 1 ! 6 ! 6.0 ! 6 ! 0 |} == Rayuwa ta sirri == A lokacin aikinsa na wasa, ya sami digiri na biyu a fannin ilimi. Bayan ya yi ritaya, shi da matarsa Lorencita (Arquero) Taylor, ɗan asalin Cochiti Pueblo da ke New Mexico, sun zauna a Littleton, Colorado na ɗan lokaci, kafin su koma New Mexico. <ref name=":18">{{Cite web |title=West Virginia Sports Hall of Fame |url=https://wvswa.org/west-virginia-sports-hall-of-fame-p972-482.htm |website=West Virginia Sports Writers Association}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://wvswa.org/west-virginia-sports-hall-of-fame-p972-482.htm "West Virginia Sports Hall of Fame"]. ''West Virginia Sports Writers Association''.</cite></ref> <ref name=":20">{{Cite web |last=Wright |first=Rick |last2= |first2= |last3= |first3= |date=2025-08-15 |title=Lionel Taylor, former NMHU and Denver Broncos star, dies at 89 (Albuquerque Journal) |url=https://sports.yahoo.com/article/lionel-taylor-former-nmhu-denver-030700096.html |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=Yahoo Sports |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFWright2025">Wright, Rick (August 15, 2025). [https://sports.yahoo.com/article/lionel-taylor-former-nmhu-denver-030700096.html "Lionel Taylor, former NMHU and Denver Broncos star, dies at 89 (Albuquerque Journal)"]. ''Yahoo Sports''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 3,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> == Rashin lafiya da mutuwa == A ranar 20 ga Disamba, 2024, an kwantar da Taylor a asibiti saboda kamuwa da cutar mafitsara, inda ya shafe kwanaki 69 a can kafin ya tafi. Ya dawo a watan Yulin 2025, inda ya kara kwana biyu kafin a kwantar da shi a asibiti. Taylor ya mutu a ranar 6 ga Agusta, 2025, yana da shekaru 89, a gidansa da ke Rio Rancho, New Mexico, kusa da Albuquerque . <ref name="obit">{{Cite web |last=DiLalla |first=Aric |title=Broncos mourn passing of Ring of Famer Lionel Taylor |url=https://www.denverbroncos.com/news/broncos-mourn-passing-of-ring-of-famer-lionel-taylor |access-date=13 August 2025 |website=denverbroncos.com |publisher=Denver Broncos}}</ref> <ref name=":10">{{Cite web |last=Mosley |first=Kyle T. |date=2025-08-14 |title=Lionel Taylor: Former Texas Southern Football Coach Dies At 89 |url=https://www.si.com/college/hbcu/football/lionel-taylor-former-texas-southern-football-coach-dies-at-89 |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=HBCU Legends On SI |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFMosley2025">Mosley, Kyle T. (August 14, 2025). [https://www.si.com/college/hbcu/football/lionel-taylor-former-texas-southern-football-coach-dies-at-89 "Lionel Taylor: Former Texas Southern Football Coach Dies At 89"]. ''HBCU Legends On SI''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name=":12">{{Cite web |last=Lusk |first=Bill |date=2025-08-18 |title=Remembering Lionel Taylor, a Pioneer, Mentor, Quiet Giant of Football |url=https://www.wvowradio.com/post/remembering-lionel-taylor-a-pioneer-mentor-quiet-giant-of-football |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=WVOW Radio |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFLusk2025">Lusk, Bill (August 18, 2025). [https://www.wvowradio.com/post/remembering-lionel-taylor-a-pioneer-mentor-quiet-giant-of-football "Remembering Lionel Taylor, a Pioneer, Mentor, Quiet Giant of Football"]. ''WVOW Radio''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> Ya bar matarsa Lorencita (Arquero) Taylor, da 'ya'yansu mata biyu, jikoki shida, jikoki bakwai, da kuma jikoki biyu. == Tarihin babban mai horaswa == === Kwaleji === {{CFB Yearly Record Start|type=coach|team=|conf=|bowl=|poll=no}} {{CFB Yearly Record Subhead|name=[[Texas Southern Tigers football|Texas Southern Tigers]]|conf=[[Southwestern Athletic Conference]]|startyear=1984|endyear=1988}} {{CFB Yearly Record Entry|championship=|year=[[1984 NCAA Division I-AA football season|1984]]|name=[[1984 Texas Southern Tigers football team|Texas Southern]]|overall=5–6|conference=2–5|confstanding=6th|bowlname=|bowloutcome=|bcsbowl=|ranking=no|ranking2=no}} {{CFB Yearly Record Entry|championship=|year=[[1985 NCAA Division I-AA football season|1985]]|name=[[1985 Texas Southern Tigers football team|Texas Southern]]|overall=1–10|conference=1–6|confstanding=7th|bowlname=|bowloutcome=|bcsbowl=|ranking=no|ranking2=no}} {{CFB Yearly Record Entry|championship=|year=[[1986 NCAA Division I-AA football season|1986]]|name=[[1986 Texas Southern Tigers football team|Texas Southern]]|overall=2–8–1|conference=1–5–1|confstanding=7th|bowlname=|bowloutcome=|bcsbowl=|ranking=no|ranking2=no}} {{CFB Yearly Record Entry|championship=|year=[[1987 NCAA Division I-AA football season|1987]]|name=[[1987 Texas Southern Tigers football team|Texas Southern]]|overall=5–6|conference=3–4|confstanding=T–5th|bowlname=|bowloutcome=|bcsbowl=|ranking=no|ranking2=no}} {{CFB Yearly Record Entry|championship=|year=[[1988 NCAA Division I-AA football season|1988]]|name=[[1988 Texas Southern Tigers football team|Texas Southern]]|overall=0–11|conference=0–7|confstanding=8th|bowlname=|bowloutcome=|bcsbowl=|ranking=no|ranking2=no}} {{CFB Yearly Record Subtotal|name=Texas Southern|overall=13–41–1|confrecord=7–27–1}} {{CFB Yearly Record End|overall=13–41–1|bowls=no|poll=no|polltype=|legend=no}} == Duba kuma == == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == {{Super Bowl IX}} {{Denver Broncos Ring of Honor}} [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2025]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1935]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} fssqa876sal2kgo033c5nq4d0i568av 0 161077 878898 2026-07-08T10:29:44Z Abdurra'uf 23412 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1329671375|David Vanole]]" 878898 wikitext text/x-wiki '''David Charles "Dino" Vanole''' (6 ga Fabrairu, 1963 - 15 ga Janairu, 2007) [[Mai tsaran raga|ɗan wasan]] [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Amurka kuma mai horarwa . Ya shafe aikinsa na ƙwararru a ƙungiyar Western Soccer Alliance da kuma ƙungiyar da ta biyo baya, American Professional Soccer League . Ya kuma samu wasanni 14 tare da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka, ciki har da buga wasa a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 1988, kuma ya kasance memba a ƙungiyar a gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 1990 . == Matasa da kwaleji == Ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Aviation a Redondo Beach, California, inda ya kasance mai rubuta wasanni uku kuma mai tsaron gida sau huɗu a gasar All-Ocean League. Vanole ya buga wa UCLA wasa daga 1981 zuwa 1985. A matsayinsa na ƙarami, ya dawo da UCLA zuwa Gasar Kwallon Kafa ta Maza ta NCAA . A wannan wasan, UCLA ta doke Jami'ar Amurka a wasanni takwas na ƙarshe. . == Ƙwararren == Bayan kammala karatunsa daga UCLA, Vanole ya buga wa Los Angeles Heat wasa daga 1986 zuwa 1990. A shekarar 1988, ya kuma buga wa San Jose Earthquakes . Ya buga wa Wichita Wings wasa a kakar wasa ta 1987 zuwa 1988 a gasar Major Indoor Soccer League . A shekarar 1991, ya kammala aikinsa na ƙwararru tare da San Francisco Bay Blackhawks wanda ya lashe gasar American Professional Soccer League a wannan kakar. == Tawagar ƙasa == Vanole ya fara buga wa tawagar ƙasa wasa a wasan da suka yi da Kanada a ranar 5 ga Fabrairu, 1986, inda suka tashi kunnen doki 0-0. Ya ci gaba da buga wasa sau 18 a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka; duk da haka, 14 ne kawai aka ƙidaya a matsayin cikakkun 'yan wasa na ƙasashen waje. Vanole ya buga wasanni 4 tare da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka, ciki har da gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 1988. <ref>{{Cite web |title=David Vanole Biography and Statistics |url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/va/david-vanole-1.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121021064800/http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/va/david-vanole-1.html |archive-date=2012-10-21 |access-date=2009-06-09 |publisher=Sports Reference}}</ref> Yayin da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka a lokacin ta ninka wasannin Olympics na Amurka a 1988, [[FIFA]] ba ta ƙidaya wasannin Olympics a matsayin cikakkun 'yan wasa na ƙasashen waje ba. Vanole kuma yana cikin ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka a wasannin Pan American na 1987. <ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=USA - Details of International Matches 1980-1989 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesu/usa-intres-det80.html |access-date=2020-04-21 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref> Vanole ya fara wasanni 4 daga cikin 5 da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa ta buga a 1986 da 1987. Duk da haka, ya yi wasa tare da wasu masu tsaron gida a 1988. A ranar 30 ga Afrilu, 1989, ya yi ɗaya daga cikin manyan ceton da ya yi a rayuwarsa: ya kare nasarar da Amurka ta samu da ci 1-0 a kan Costa Rica a wasan share fage na gasar cin kofin duniya mai mahimmanci ta hanyar ceton bugun fenariti a lokacin rauni. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2007-01-17 |title=Former US keeper Vanole dies at 43 |url=https://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/news/newsid=109927.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071109180604/http://fifa.com/worldfootball/news/newsid=109927.html |archive-date=November 9, 2007 |access-date=2009-06-09 |publisher=[[Agence France Presse|AFP]]}}</ref> Ya sake samun matsayin babban mai tsaron gidan Amurka, amma bai iya sarrafa nauyinsa ba, kuma daga baya a wannan shekarar ya rasa matsayinsa na farko ga Tony Meola . Lokacin da ya fara wasa ya zo ne a wasan Amurka da kungiyar AS Roma ta Italiya. Yayin da Amurka ta yi nasara da ci 4-3, rashin kyawun aikin Vanole ya shawo kan Gansler ya bai wa Meola aikin farko. A watan Janairun 1990, Vanole, wanda ke ƙarƙashin kwangilar da Hukumar Ƙwallon Ƙafa ta Amurka ta yi masa, ya ajiye aikinsa a sansanin horar da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa saboda takaddamar kwangila. Duk da haka, an zaɓe shi a matsayin [[Mai tsaran raga|mai]] tsaron gida ga Tony Meola a gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 1990. A nan ya jawo hankalin duniya baki ɗaya, yayin da yake zaune a benci a lokacin wasanni kuma yana sanye da hula mai tutar Stars &amp;amp; Stripes . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2007-01-17 |title=Vanole with his legendary cap |url=http://www.ussoccerfoundation.org/atf/cf/{4AB68129-5AD7-4143-BFC9-BDBD63658B29}/DavidVanolePhoto01.jpg |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071110234426/http://www.ussoccerfoundation.org/atf/cf/%7B4AB68129-5AD7-4143-BFC9-BDBD63658B29%7D/DavidVanolePhoto01.jpg |archive-date=2007-11-10 |access-date=2009-06-09}}</ref> A ƙarshe, duk da haka, kocin Bob Gansler ya umarce shi da ya daina sanya ta, domin Gansler ya ji cewa kamannin bai dace ba kuma bai dace da hoton da ƙungiyar Amurka ke son nunawa ba. Tunda Vanole bai buga wannan gasa ba, ƙwallonsa ta ƙarshe ta hukuma ta zo ne a shekarar 1989. Vanole ya buga wasa a gasar Pro Beach Soccer tsawon shekaru huɗu kuma an zaɓe shi sau biyu a matsayin mafi kyawun mai tsaron gida a bakin teku. Ya kuma buga wasan ƙarshe na gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA Futsal ta 1989. <ref>{{FIFA player|44725|David Vanole}}</ref> == Aikin koyarwa == Vanole ta shafe shekaru shida a matsayin mataimakiyar mai horas da masu tsaron gida na kungiyoyin maza da mata a UCLA; gasar Olympics ta mata da ta ƙasa ta Amurka; da kuma ƙungiyar maza 'yan ƙasa da shekaru 20. Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin mai horar da masu tsaron gida na DC United of Major League Soccer (MLS) da kuma ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Washington Freedom of the Women's United Soccer Association (WUSA). A ranar 25 ga Mayu, 2000, Vanole ta zama kocin mai tsaron gida na ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata ta Amurka . <ref>{{Cite web |title=David Vanole Named Goalkeeper Coach for U.S. Women's National Team; Jan Smisek and Janet Rayfield Named as National Staff Coaches |url=http://m.ussoccer.com/News/Mens-National-Team/2000/05/David-Vanole-Named-Goalkeeper-Coach-For-U-S-Womens-National-Team-Jan-Smisek-And-Janet-Rayfield-Named.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120425162618/http://m.ussoccer.com/News/Mens-National-Team/2000/05/David-Vanole-Named-Goalkeeper-Coach-For-U-S-Womens-National-Team-Jan-Smisek-And-Janet-Rayfield-Named.aspx |archive-date=2012-04-25 |access-date=2012-02-17}}</ref> Ya kasance kocin mai tsaron gida na gasar New England Revolution of MLS daga 2004 zuwa 2006. == Mutuwa == Vanole, wanda ke zaune a [[New York (birni)|birnin New York]], ya mutu a ranar 15 ga Janairu, 2007, a birnin Salt Lake sakamakon bugun zuciya a lokacin hutun wasan kankara na iyali. Ya bar matarsa, [[Kerry Tatlock]], babbar daraktan [[National Basketball Association|NBA]] na haɗin gwiwar tallan duniya, da kuma mahaifiyarsa, 'yan'uwansa, da kuma babban danginsa. == Nassoshi == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://soccernet.espn.go.com/world-cup/story/_/id/5308513/ce/us/david-vanole-esophagus-saved-us-soccer?cc=5901&ver=us David Vanole da kuma makogwaro wanda ya ceci ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (ESPN)] Archived * [http://www.nasljerseys.com/MISL/Players/V/Vanole.David.htm Ƙididdigar MISL] [[Rukuni:Matattun 2007]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1963]] ljcam2vxdnr7nto1c75ijr9gf0nkmfm 878913 878898 2026-07-08T10:46:31Z Abdurra'uf 23412 gyara 878913 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''David Charles "Dino" Vanole''' (6 ga Fabrairu, 1963 - 15 ga Janairu, 2007) [[Mai tsaran raga|ɗan wasan]] [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Amurka kuma mai horarwa . Ya shafe aikinsa na ƙwararru a ƙungiyar Western Soccer Alliance da kuma ƙungiyar da ta biyo baya, American Professional Soccer League . Ya kuma samu wasanni 14 tare da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka, ciki har da buga wasa a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 1988, kuma ya kasance memba a ƙungiyar a gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 1990 . == Matasa da kwaleji == Ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Aviation a Redondo Beach, California, inda ya kasance mai rubuta wasanni uku kuma mai tsaron gida sau huɗu a gasar All-Ocean League. Vanole ya buga wa UCLA wasa daga 1981 zuwa 1985. A matsayinsa na ƙarami, ya dawo da UCLA zuwa Gasar Kwallon Kafa ta Maza ta NCAA . A wannan wasan, UCLA ta doke Jami'ar Amurka a wasanni takwas na ƙarshe. . == Ƙwararren == Bayan kammala karatunsa daga UCLA, Vanole ya buga wa Los Angeles Heat wasa daga 1986 zuwa 1990. A shekarar 1988, ya kuma buga wa San Jose Earthquakes . Ya buga wa Wichita Wings wasa a kakar wasa ta 1987 zuwa 1988 a gasar Major Indoor Soccer League . A shekarar 1991, ya kammala aikinsa na ƙwararru tare da San Francisco Bay Blackhawks wanda ya lashe gasar American Professional Soccer League a wannan kakar. == Tawagar ƙasa == Vanole ya fara buga wa tawagar ƙasa wasa a wasan da suka yi da Kanada a ranar 5 ga Fabrairu, 1986, inda suka tashi kunnen doki 0-0. Ya ci gaba da buga wasa sau 18 a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka; duk da haka, 14 ne kawai aka ƙidaya a matsayin cikakkun 'yan wasa na ƙasashen waje. Vanole ya buga wasanni 4 tare da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka, ciki har da gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 1988. <ref>{{Cite web |title=David Vanole Biography and Statistics |url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/va/david-vanole-1.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121021064800/http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/va/david-vanole-1.html |archive-date=2012-10-21 |access-date=2009-06-09 |publisher=Sports Reference}}</ref> Yayin da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka a lokacin ta ninka wasannin Olympics na Amurka a 1988, [[FIFA]] ba ta ƙidaya wasannin Olympics a matsayin cikakkun 'yan wasa na ƙasashen waje ba. Vanole kuma yana cikin ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka a wasannin Pan American na 1987. <ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=USA - Details of International Matches 1980-1989 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesu/usa-intres-det80.html |access-date=2020-04-21 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref> Vanole ya fara wasanni 4 daga cikin 5 da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa ta buga a 1986 da 1987. Duk da haka, ya yi wasa tare da wasu masu tsaron gida a 1988. A ranar 30 ga Afrilu, 1989, ya yi ɗaya daga cikin manyan ceton da ya yi a rayuwarsa: ya kare nasarar da Amurka ta samu da ci 1-0 a kan Costa Rica a wasan share fage na gasar cin kofin duniya mai mahimmanci ta hanyar ceton bugun fenariti a lokacin rauni. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2007-01-17 |title=Former US keeper Vanole dies at 43 |url=https://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/news/newsid=109927.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071109180604/http://fifa.com/worldfootball/news/newsid=109927.html |archive-date=November 9, 2007 |access-date=2009-06-09 |publisher=[[Agence France Presse|AFP]]}}</ref> Ya sake samun matsayin babban mai tsaron gidan Amurka, amma bai iya sarrafa nauyinsa ba, kuma daga baya a wannan shekarar ya rasa matsayinsa na farko ga Tony Meola . Lokacin da ya fara wasa ya zo ne a wasan Amurka da kungiyar AS Roma ta Italiya. Yayin da Amurka ta yi nasara da ci 4-3, rashin kyawun aikin Vanole ya shawo kan Gansler ya bai wa Meola aikin farko. A watan Janairun 1990, Vanole, wanda ke ƙarƙashin kwangilar da Hukumar Ƙwallon Ƙafa ta Amurka ta yi masa, ya ajiye aikinsa a sansanin horar da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa saboda takaddamar kwangila. Duk da haka, an zaɓe shi a matsayin [[Mai tsaran raga|mai]] tsaron gida ga Tony Meola a gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 1990. A nan ya jawo hankalin duniya baki ɗaya, yayin da yake zaune a benci a lokacin wasanni kuma yana sanye da hula mai tutar Stars &amp;amp; Stripes . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2007-01-17 |title=Vanole with his legendary cap |url=http://www.ussoccerfoundation.org/atf/cf/{4AB68129-5AD7-4143-BFC9-BDBD63658B29}/DavidVanolePhoto01.jpg |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071110234426/http://www.ussoccerfoundation.org/atf/cf/%7B4AB68129-5AD7-4143-BFC9-BDBD63658B29%7D/DavidVanolePhoto01.jpg |archive-date=2007-11-10 |access-date=2009-06-09}}</ref> A ƙarshe, duk da haka, kocin Bob Gansler ya umarce shi da ya daina sanya ta, domin Gansler ya ji cewa kamannin bai dace ba kuma bai dace da hoton da ƙungiyar Amurka ke son nunawa ba. Tunda Vanole bai buga wannan gasa ba, ƙwallonsa ta ƙarshe ta hukuma ta zo ne a shekarar 1989. Vanole ya buga wasa a gasar Pro Beach Soccer tsawon shekaru huɗu kuma an zaɓe shi sau biyu a matsayin mafi kyawun mai tsaron gida a bakin teku. Ya kuma buga wasan ƙarshe na gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA Futsal ta 1989. <ref>{{FIFA player|44725|David Vanole}}</ref> == Aikin koyarwa == Vanole ta shafe shekaru shida a matsayin mataimakiyar mai horas da masu tsaron gida na kungiyoyin maza da mata a UCLA; gasar Olympics ta mata da ta ƙasa ta Amurka; da kuma ƙungiyar maza 'yan ƙasa da shekaru 20. Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin mai horar da masu tsaron gida na DC United of Major League Soccer (MLS) da kuma ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Washington Freedom of the Women's United Soccer Association (WUSA). A ranar 25 ga Mayu, 2000, Vanole ta zama kocin mai tsaron gida na ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata ta Amurka . <ref>{{Cite web |title=David Vanole Named Goalkeeper Coach for U.S. Women's National Team; Jan Smisek and Janet Rayfield Named as National Staff Coaches |url=http://m.ussoccer.com/News/Mens-National-Team/2000/05/David-Vanole-Named-Goalkeeper-Coach-For-U-S-Womens-National-Team-Jan-Smisek-And-Janet-Rayfield-Named.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120425162618/http://m.ussoccer.com/News/Mens-National-Team/2000/05/David-Vanole-Named-Goalkeeper-Coach-For-U-S-Womens-National-Team-Jan-Smisek-And-Janet-Rayfield-Named.aspx |archive-date=2012-04-25 |access-date=2012-02-17}}</ref> Ya kasance kocin mai tsaron gida na gasar New England Revolution of MLS daga 2004 zuwa 2006. == Mutuwa == Vanole, wanda ke zaune a [[New York (birni)|birnin New York]], ya mutu a ranar 15 ga Janairu, 2007, a birnin Salt Lake sakamakon bugun zuciya a lokacin hutun wasan kankara na iyali. Ya bar matarsa, [[Kerry Tatlock]], babbar daraktan [[National Basketball Association|NBA]] na haɗin gwiwar tallan duniya, da kuma mahaifiyarsa, 'yan'uwansa, da kuma babban danginsa. == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://soccernet.espn.go.com/world-cup/story/_/id/5308513/ce/us/david-vanole-esophagus-saved-us-soccer?cc=5901&ver=us David Vanole da kuma makogwaro wanda ya ceci ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (ESPN)] Archived * [http://www.nasljerseys.com/MISL/Players/V/Vanole.David.htm Ƙididdigar MISL] [[Rukuni:Matattun 2007]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1963]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 85r8e1aiabmcvv86fs1u9x42doxp78s 0 161078 878899 2026-07-08T10:30:45Z Abdurra'uf 23412 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1359009195|Kieron Freeman]]" 878899 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Kieron Samuel Freeman''' (an haife shi a ranar 21 ga Maris 1992) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne wanda ke taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|ɗan baya na dama]] a ƙungiyar Southern League Bromsgrove Sporting . An haife shi a Ingila, ya wakilci ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Wales . Ya fara aikinsa a [[Nottingham Forest FC|Nottingham Forest]], daga nan ya koma ƙungiyar Derby County mai hamayya da shi kan kuɗin da ba a bayyana ba. Bayan ya buga wasa a Mansfield Town a matsayin aro kuma ya yi wasanni uku daban-daban na aro a Notts County, shi ne ɗan wasa mafi ƙaranci da ya taɓa bugawa ƙungiyoyi uku na ƙwararru a Nottinghamshire, kuma shi ne na farko da ya buga wa kowanne daga cikin ukun a wasanni uku a jere. Ya kuma shafe lokaci yana wasa a Portsmouth a matsayin aro. Freeman ya wakilci Wales a matakin 'yan ƙasa da shekara 17, 'yan ƙasa da shekara 19 da kuma 'yan ƙasa da shekara 21 . == Aikin kulob == === Nottingham Forest === Freeman ya kasance mai taka leda a cikin 'yan wasa na dindindin a kakar wasa ta 2010-11, kuma Billy Davies ya naɗa shi a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbinsa a wasan zagaye na farko na Kofin Kwallon Kafa da Bradford City a watan Agusta na 2010. A watan Fabrairu na 2011, Freeman ya sanya hannu kan kwangila a Forest wanda zai sa ya ci gaba da zama a kulob din har zuwa lokacin bazara na 2013. A wasannin share fagen kakar wasa ta 2011-12, an buga Freeman a tsakiya. <ref name="Freeman makes mark in Nottinghamshire" /> Freeman ya fara buga wasa a Forest a ranar 22 ga Agusta 2011 a zagaye na biyu na gasar League Cup a lokacin da suka yi nasara da ci 4-1 a kan Wycombe Wanderers, inda Lewis McGugan ya maye gurbinsa. Kwarewarsa ta haifar da yabo daga kocin Forest na wancan lokacin Steve McClaren . A ranar 4 ga Nuwamba 2011, Freeman ya koma ƙungiyar Conference Premier ta Mansfield Town kan yarjejeniyar aro ta gaggawa, wanda daga baya aka tsawaita shi. Freeman ya koma Forest a ranar 4 ga Janairu, bayan ya fara wasa tara a Stags. [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1992]] d0wr236olrpdjfe4rld7g52yu85y3rp 878900 878899 2026-07-08T10:32:31Z Abdurra'uf 23412 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1359009195|Kieron Freeman]]" 878900 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Kieron Samuel Freeman''' (an haife shi a ranar 21 ga Maris 1992) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne wanda ke taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|ɗan baya na dama]] a ƙungiyar Southern League Bromsgrove Sporting . An haife shi a Ingila, ya wakilci ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Wales . Ya fara aikinsa a [[Nottingham Forest FC|Nottingham Forest]], daga nan ya koma ƙungiyar Derby County mai hamayya da shi kan kuɗin da ba a bayyana ba. Bayan ya buga wasa a Mansfield Town a matsayin aro kuma ya yi wasanni uku daban-daban na aro a Notts County, shi ne ɗan wasa mafi ƙaranci da ya taɓa bugawa ƙungiyoyi uku na ƙwararru a Nottinghamshire, kuma shi ne na farko da ya buga wa kowanne daga cikin ukun a wasanni uku a jere. Ya kuma shafe lokaci yana wasa a Portsmouth a matsayin aro. Freeman ya wakilci Wales a matakin 'yan ƙasa da shekara 17, 'yan ƙasa da shekara 19 da kuma 'yan ƙasa da shekara 21 . == Aikin kulob == === Nottingham Forest === Freeman ya kasance mai taka leda a cikin 'yan wasa na dindindin a kakar wasa ta 2010-11, kuma Billy Davies ya naɗa shi a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbinsa a wasan zagaye na farko na Kofin Kwallon Kafa da Bradford City a watan Agusta na 2010. A watan Fabrairu na 2011, Freeman ya sanya hannu kan kwangila a Forest wanda zai sa ya ci gaba da zama a kulob din har zuwa lokacin bazara na 2013. A wasannin share fagen kakar wasa ta 2011-12, an buga Freeman a tsakiya. <ref name="Freeman makes mark in Nottinghamshire" /> Freeman ya fara buga wasa a Forest a ranar 22 ga Agusta 2011 a zagaye na biyu na gasar League Cup a lokacin da suka yi nasara da ci 4-1 a kan Wycombe Wanderers, inda Lewis McGugan ya maye gurbinsa. Kwarewarsa ta haifar da yabo daga kocin Forest na wancan lokacin Steve McClaren . A ranar 4 ga Nuwamba 2011, Freeman ya koma ƙungiyar Conference Premier ta Mansfield Town kan yarjejeniyar aro ta gaggawa, wanda daga baya aka tsawaita shi. Freeman ya koma Forest a ranar 4 ga Janairu, bayan ya fara wasa tara a Stags. A ƙarƙashin Steve Cotterill, Freeman ya fara wasa a Forest a zagaye na uku na gasar cin kofin FA a gida da ƙungiyar [[Leicester City F.C.|Leicester City]] a watan Janairun 2012. Ya buga dukkan mintuna 90 kuma ya taimaka wajen kare ƙwallo. Wasan ya ƙare da ci 0-0. A ranar 13 ga Janairun 2012, Freeman ya koma ƙungiyar Ligue One ta Notts County a matsayin aro na gaggawa na kwanaki 30. <ref name="NCFC" /> An ba shi lambar 'yan wasa ta 20 kuma ya fara buga wasa a wasan da suka sha kashi a hannun AFC Bournemouth da ci 2-1. An tsawaita kwangilar har zuwa ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2011-2012 a ranar 13 ga Fabrairun 2012. Bayan wasanni masu ban sha'awa, an ba Kieron kyautar matashin ɗan wasa na wata na ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Fabrairu. An kuma yaba masa kocin Notts County na yanzu, [[Keith Curle]], wanda ya bayyana cewa a nan gaba Freeman zai isa ya buga wasa a [[Premier League|gasar Premier]] . A ƙarshen kakar wasa, Freeman ya koma Forest, duk da haka ya ce yana son komawa Magpies a kakar wasa mai zuwa. === Gundumar Derby === A lokacin bazara na 2012, rahotanni sun danganta Freeman da komawa Notts County sannan kuma ya koma Derby County da Gillingham . Manajan Derby Nigel Clough ya tabbatar da sha'awarsa ta sayen dan wasan. A ranar 22 ga Agusta 2012, Freeman ya koma ƙungiyar Derby County da ke hamayya da East Midlands kan kuɗin da ba a bayyana ba, inda ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru biyu tare da zaɓin na uku. Ya fara buga wasa a karon farko a kungiyar a wasan da suka yi da Blackpool da ci 4-1 a ranar 3 ga Nuwamba 2012, a matsayin wanda ya maye gurbin Jeff Hendrick a minti na 81. Farkon wasansa ya zo ne a wasan da suka yi da [[Middlesbrough FC|Middlesbrough]] da ci 3-1 a ranar 1 ga Janairu 2013. Bayan da aka dakatar da Gareth Roberts na baya-baya na hagu na wasanni uku, an zabi Freeman ya buga wasan baya-baya na dama a wasannin gida na Derby da Wolverhampton Wanderers da Bolton Wanderers, duk da haka a farkon wasan Bolton, Freeman ya ji rauni bayan mintuna 29. Manaja Nigel Clough ya ce Freeman ya ji rauni a idon sawunsa kuma dole ne ya bar Pride Park da sanduna. <ref name="Bolt" /> An cire shi daga buga wasanni na tsawon makonni uku zuwa hudu. Freeman ya koma cikin tawagar farko ta wasan rana bayan makonni uku kuma mako guda bayan haka ya koma wasa na goma sha daya a baya-baya don ya kare [[John Brayford]] da ya ji rauni. A farkon watan Afrilu an tabbatar da cewa Freeman ya tsawaita kwantiraginsa a Derby har zuwa lokacin bazara na 2016. Freeman ya kammala kakar wasa ta bana inda ya buga wasanni 20 a kungiyar farko, inda ya fara wasanni 10, tare da wadannan wasanni Freeman ya kasance dan wasa na yau da kullun a kungiyar 'yan kasa da shekaru 21 kuma a karshen kakar wasa ya lashe kyautar gwarzon dan wasan shekara ta 'yan kasa da shekaru 21. Bayan sayar da ɗan wasan baya na farko John Brayford ga Cardiff City, Nigel Clough ya yi tunanin Freeman zai iya maye gurbinsa. Kwanaki kaɗan bayan haka, Derby ta sayi ɗan wasan baya na dama [[Tottenham Hotspur FC|na Tottenham Hotspur]] [[Adam Smith (footballer)|Adam Smith]] a matsayin aro na tsawon kakar wasa da nufin su biyun su fafata don samun matsayi a cikin 'yan wasa goma sha ɗaya. An zaɓi Freeman a gaban Smith a wasanni biyar na farko na gasar ta kakar wasa amma an cire shi a hutun rabin lokaci a wasa na biyar, rashin nasara a gida a hannun Burnley . ''Rams'' sun kasance ƙasa da maki 2-0 a lokacin kuma Freeman ne ke da laifi a kwallaye biyun, musamman na biyu, lokacin da ya kai ƙwallon zuwa ga hannun ɗan wasan Burnley Sam Vokes, wanda ya ci kwallo daga nesa. Clough ya lura cewa Freeman "ya kamata ya yi abin da ya fi kyau" kuma Smith ya fara wasa na gaba, nasara 5-1 a Millwall, kodayake an cire shi bayan mintuna 61 saboda damuwa game da lafiyarsa. Millwall ta sha kashi da ci 3-0 kuma tana wasa da 'yan wasa 10, kuma kwalaben da tsabar kuɗi da magoya bayan gida suka jefa wa Smith suka buge shi, don haka Freeman ya maye gurbinsa. Smith ya ci gaba da riƙe matsayinsa a ƙungiyar a wasanni biyu masu zuwa, amma Freeman ya dawo a matsayi na uku, inda ya sha kashi a hannun abokan hamayyarsa Leicester City da ci 2-1 a gasar League Cup. An maye gurbin Smith bayan da Andre Wisdom ya zo aro daga [[Liverpool F.C.|Liverpool]] kuma Freeman ya sami kansa a matsayin ɗan wasan baya na dama na uku. Freeman ya koma Notts County don yin wasa na biyu a matsayin aro a ranar 12 ga Nuwamba 2013, ya fara buga wasa a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbinsa a wasan Kofin Kwallon Kafa a rana ɗaya kuma tun daga lokacin ya buga duk minti ɗaya na wasannin lig huɗu na Notts County. Bayan ya buga wasanni takwas a duk gasannin da ya buga wa Notts County, an sake kiransa daga aronsa daga Derby a ranar 24 ga Disamba 2013. Freeman ya koma Notts County don zaman aro na uku a ranar 11 ga Janairu 2014. A watan Maris na 2014, Freeman ya haɗu da tsohon manaja Nigel Clough kuma ya koma Sheffield United a yarjejeniyar aro ta farko ta wata ɗaya, wanda bayan wasanni bakwai da ya buga wa United, aka tsawaita shi har zuwa ƙarshen kakar wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 April 2014 |title=Freeman loan extended |url=http://www.sufc.co.uk/news/article/20140407-freeman-loan-extended-1402177.aspx |access-date=7 April 2014 |publisher=Sheffield United F.C.}}</ref> Freeman yana amfani da shi akai-akai a sauran zamansa kuma ya koma Derby bayan ya buga wasanni goma sha biyu jimilla ga Blades. A ranar 3 ga Oktoba 2014, Freeman ya koma tsohuwar ƙungiyar aro ta Mansfield Town kan yarjejeniyar aro ta watanni uku. === Sheffield United === A ranar 23 ga Janairun 2015, bayan da Derby County ta sallame shi, Freeman ya koma tsohon kulob din aro na Sheffield United a kan yarjejeniyar canja wuri kyauta, inda ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu da rabi da Blades. Freeman ya zura kwallonsa ta farko a United a ranar 14 ga Maris 2015, a filin wasa na Glanford Park da Scunthorpe United . Nigel Clough ne ya sanya wa Freeman hannu a Blades, wanda ya bar United a ranar 25 ga Mayu 2015. Wanda zai maye gurbinsa [[Nigel Adkins]] zai yi aiki a matsayin kocin Sheffield United a kakar wasa ta 2015-16 . A lokacin da Adkins ke jagorantar Bramall Lane, Freeman ya sami kansa "ba shi da wani amfani", kuma a ranar 28 ga Janairu 2016 ya sanya hannu a matsayin aro ga kulob din League Two Portsmouth na sauran kakar wasa ta 2015-16. Bayan Freeman ya koma United, Adkins ya bar kulob din. <ref name="Tricky" /> An naɗa [[Chris Wilder]] a matsayin manaja, kuma da farko an sanya shi cikin jerin 'yan wasa na 'yan wasa Freeman. Duk da haka, Freeman ya shiga ƙungiyar, inda ya zama "babban ɗan wasa a cikin 'yan wasa goma sha ɗaya na farko na United" yayin da ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar South Yorkshire ta ɗauki kofin League One, inda ta samu ci gaba da haɓɓaka . <ref name="Tricky" /> A ranar 31 ga Disamba 2016, a wasan gida da Northampton Town, Freeman ya zira ƙwallon da ta ci nasara a minti na ƙarshe wanda ya kai United saman gasar, inda za su ci gaba da kasancewa har zuwa sauran kakar wasa. A ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2016-17, Freeman ya fito a cikin ƙungiyar PFA ta Shekara. A lokacin bazara na 2017, Freeman ya sanya hannu kan sabuwar kwangila da ƙungiyar da yanzu take kan gaba a gasar. <ref name="Tricky" /> === Garin Swindon === A ranar 7 ga Janairu 2021, Freeman ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekara ɗaya da ƙungiyar League One Swindon Town a kan yarjejeniyar ɗan gajeren lokaci har zuwa ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2020-21. === Birnin Swansea === A ranar 1 ga Fabrairu, 2021, Freeman ya sanya hannu a kulob din EFL Championship [[Swansea City A.F.C.|na Swansea City]] kan kudin da ba a bayyana ba, inda dan wasan gefe na Swansea Jordon Garrick ya koma Swindon Town a matsayin aro a matsayin wani bangare na yarjejeniyar. Freeman ya bar kulob din a karshen kakar wasa bayan ya buga wasa daya kacal a dukkan gasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 June 2021 |title=Swansea City confirm retained list |url=https://www.swanseacity.com/news/swansea-city-confirm-retained-list |website=swanseacity.com}}</ref> === Oldham Athletic === A ranar 11 ga Agusta 2023, Freeman ya koma kulob din National League na Oldham Athletic kan kwangilar watanni shida na ɗan gajeren lokaci. <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 August 2023 |title=Latics Sign Right-Back Freeman |url=https://www.oldhamathletic.co.uk/news/2023/august/11082023-kieron-freeman-signs/ |access-date=2 January 2024 |website=www.oldhamathletic.co.uk}}</ref> Bayan ya buga wasanni goma, ya bar kulob din a ranar 2 ga Janairu 2024 bayan karewar kwangilarsa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 January 2024 |title=Kieron Freeman |url=https://www.oldhamathletic.co.uk/news/2024/january/01012024-kieron-freeman/ |access-date=2 January 2024 |website=www.oldhamathletic.co.uk}}</ref> === Hartlepool United === A ranar 16 ga Agusta 2024, Freeman ya koma ƙungiyar National League ta Hartlepool United a kan yarjejeniyar ɗan gajeren lokaci. <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 August 2024 |title=Kieron Freeman signs for Pools |url=http://www.hartlepoolunited.co.uk/kieron-freeman-signs-for-pools/ |access-date=16 August 2024 |website=www.HartlepoolUnited.co.uk}}</ref> Ya fara buga wa ƙungiyar wasa washegari a matsayin wanda ya maye gurbinsa a wasan da suka tashi 0-0 da Southend United a gida. Bayan ya buga wasanni bakwai, ya bar ƙungiyar a watan Oktoban 2024 bayan karewar kwangilarsa. === Daga baya aiki === A ranar 21 ga Oktoba 2024, Freeman ya koma ƙungiyar Spalding United ta Kudu Premier Division Central. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Spalding United - 2024/2025 Season |url=https://southern-football-league.co.uk/players/Spalding%20United/2024/2025/2569/P/Position |access-date=4 April 2025 |website=Pitching In/Southern Football League}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kieron Freeman: 2024/2025 Biog & Stats |url=https://southern-football-league.co.uk/Player-Display/122931/2024/2025 |access-date=4 April 2025 |website=Pitching In/Southern Football League}}</ref> A watan Mayun 2025, Freeman ya koma ƙungiyar da ta samu ci gaba a gasar [[Northern Premier League|Premier League ta Arewa,]] Hednesford Town . <ref> {{Cite web |date=26 May 2025 |title=Pitmen make major midfield move with Freeman arrival |url=https://htfc.co.uk/2025/05/pitmen-make-major-midfield-move-with-freeman-arrival/ |access-date=26 May 2025 |website=htfc.co.uk}}</ref> An dakatar da kwangilar Freeman a watan Nuwamban 2025. <ref> {{Cite web |date=13 November 2025 |title=Kieron Freeman Departs Hednesford Town |url=https://htfc.co.uk/2025/11/kieron-freeman-departs-hednesford-town/ |access-date=16 January 2026 |website=htfc.co.uk}}</ref> A watan Yunin 2026, Freeman ya koma kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Southern League Premier Division Central Bromsgrove Sporting . <ref> {{Cite web |date=9 June 2026 |title=NEW ADDITION: Kieron Freeman Signs |url=https://bromsgrovesporting.co.uk/new-addition-kieron-freeman-signs/ |access-date=12 June 2026 |website=bromsgrovesporting.co.uk}}</ref> == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == Duk da cewa an haife shi a Ingila, Freeman ya cancanci wakiltar Wales ta hanyar kakanninsa. Freeman ya buga wa 'yan ƙasa da shekara 17, 'yan ƙasa da shekara 19, da 'yan ƙasa da shekara 21 da kuma manyan 'yan wasa. A watan Janairun 2013, an zaɓe shi a cikin tawagar Wales 'yan ƙasa da shekara 21 don wasan sada zumunci da Iceland a ranar 6 ga Fabrairun 2013. A ranar 12 ga Oktoban 2018, kocin Wales Ryan Giggs ya kira Freeman zuwa babban 'yan wasa a karon farko, kuma ya fara buga wasa a babban 'yan wasa a ranar 20 ga Nuwamban 2018 daga benci a wani wasan sada zumunci da suka yi da Albania . == Rayuwa ta sirri == An haife shi a Arnold, Nottinghamshire, Freeman ya halarci Arnold Hill Academy . Freeman mai goyon bayan Nottingham Forest ne, kamar mahaifinsa, wanda Wes Morgan ya saba bugawa a lokacin da yake buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta Non-League . Freeman ya yaba wa tsoffin 'yan wasan Forest Morgan, Jermaine Jenas da Stuart Pearce a matsayin wasu daga cikin 'yan wasan da ya fi so tun yana ƙarami. <ref name="Tricky" /> == Ƙididdigar aiki == {{Updated|match played 18 April 2026}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Appearances and goals by club, season and competition ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |FA Cup ! colspan="2" |League Cup ! colspan="2" |Other ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- |[[Nottingham Forest FC|Nottingham Forest]] |2011–12 |Championship |0 |0 |1 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— |2 |0 |- |Mansfield Town (loan) |2011–12<ref name="2011/12" /> |Conference Premier |9 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |9 |0 |- |Notts County (loan) |2011–12<ref name="2011/12" /> |League One |19 |1 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |19 |1 |- | rowspan="4" |Derby County |2012–13 |Championship |19 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |20 |0 |- |2013–14 |Championship |6 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— |7 |0 |- |2014–15 |Championship |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !25 !0 !1 !0 !1 !0 !0 !0 !27 !0 |- |Notts County (loan) |2013–14<ref name="2013/14" /> |League One |16 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |1{{Efn|Appearance(s) in [[Football League Trophy]]|name=FLT}} |0 |17 |0 |- |Sheffield United (loan) |2013–14<ref name="2013/14" /> |League One |12 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |12 |0 |- |Mansfield Town (loan) |2014–15<ref name="2014/15" /> |League Two |11 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |11 |0 |- | rowspan="7" |Sheffield United |2014–15<ref name="2014/15" /> |League One |19 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |2{{Efn|Appearance(s) in [[EFL League One play-offs|League One play-offs]]}} |1 |21 |2 |- |2015–16 |League One |19 |0 |1 |1 |1 |0 |1{{Efn|name=FLT}} |0 |22 |1 |- |2016–17 |League One |41 |10 |2 |1 |0 |0 |3{{Efn|Appearances in [[EFL Trophy]]|name=EFLT}} |0 |46 |11 |- |2017–18 |Championship |10 |1 |0 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— |11 |1 |- |2018–19 |Championship |20 |2 |1 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— |22 |2 |- |2019–20 |[[Premier League]] |2 |0 |3 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |— |7 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !111 !14 !7 !2 !5 !0 !6 !1 !129 !17 |- |Portsmouth (loan) |2015–16<ref name="2015/16" /> |League Two |7 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |7 |0 |- |Swindon Town |2020–21 |League One |2 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |2 |0 |- |[[Swansea City A.F.C.|Swansea City]] |2020–21<ref name="2020/21" /> |Championship |0 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |1 |0 |- | rowspan="3" |Portsmouth |2021–22 |League One |19 |0 |1 |0 |1 |0 |4{{Efn|name=EFLT}} |0 |25 |0 |- |2022–23 |League One |1 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |5{{Efn|name=EFLT}} |0 |7 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !20 !0 !1 !0 !2 !0 !9 !0 !32 !0 |- |Oldham Athletic |2023–24<ref name="Soccerway">{{Soccerway|kieron-freeman/142691|accessdate=13 September 2024}}</ref> |National League |9 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |10 |0 |- |Hartlepool United |2024–25<ref name="Soccerway" /> |National League |7 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |7 |0 |- |Spalding United |2024–25<ref>{{Cite web |title=Spalding United Players 2024/2025 |url=https://southern-football-league.co.uk/players/Spalding%20United/2024/2025/2569/P/Position |access-date=7 May 2025 |website=Southern Football League}}</ref> |Southern Premier Division Central |27 |2 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |27 |2 |- |Hednesford Town |2025–26<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hednesford Town – Appearances – Kieron Freeman |url=https://www.footballwebpages.co.uk/hednesford-town/appearances/kieron-freeman/995959 |access-date=16 January 2026 |website=Football Web Pages}}</ref> |[[Northern Premier League|NPL Premier Division]] |8 |0 |3 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |12 |0 |- |Alfreton Town |2025–26 |National League North |17 |3 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |17 |3 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !300 !20 !15 !2 !9 !0 !17 !1 !341 !23 |} <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Notelist}} == Daraja == '''Sheffield United''' '''Mutum ɗaya''' * Matashin ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na wata : Fabrairu 2012 * Ɗan wasan shekara na Derby County na 'yan ƙasa da shekara 21: 2012–13 * Ƙungiyar PFA ta Shekara : 2016–17 League One == Nassoshi == == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * Kieron Freeman at Soccerbase [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1992]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 0fylupn9dltgbdq6pkvsmc64yiilm7b 878914 878900 2026-07-08T10:47:27Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 878914 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kieron Samuel Freeman''' (an haife shi a ranar 21 ga Maris 1992) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne wanda ke taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|ɗan baya na dama]] a ƙungiyar Southern League Bromsgrove Sporting . An haife shi a Ingila, ya wakilci ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Wales . Ya fara aikinsa a [[Nottingham Forest FC|Nottingham Forest]], daga nan ya koma ƙungiyar Derby County mai hamayya da shi kan kuɗin da ba a bayyana ba. Bayan ya buga wasa a Mansfield Town a matsayin aro kuma ya yi wasanni uku daban-daban na aro a Notts County, shi ne ɗan wasa mafi ƙaranci da ya taɓa bugawa ƙungiyoyi uku na ƙwararru a Nottinghamshire, kuma shi ne na farko da ya buga wa kowanne daga cikin ukun a wasanni uku a jere. Ya kuma shafe lokaci yana wasa a Portsmouth a matsayin aro. Freeman ya wakilci Wales a matakin 'yan ƙasa da shekara 17, 'yan ƙasa da shekara 19 da kuma 'yan ƙasa da shekara 21 . == Aikin kulob == === Nottingham Forest === Freeman ya kasance mai taka leda a cikin 'yan wasa na dindindin a kakar wasa ta 2010-11, kuma Billy Davies ya naɗa shi a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbinsa a wasan zagaye na farko na Kofin Kwallon Kafa da Bradford City a watan Agusta na 2010. A watan Fabrairu na 2011, Freeman ya sanya hannu kan kwangila a Forest wanda zai sa ya ci gaba da zama a kulob din har zuwa lokacin bazara na 2013. A wasannin share fagen kakar wasa ta 2011-12, an buga Freeman a tsakiya. <ref name="Freeman makes mark in Nottinghamshire" /> Freeman ya fara buga wasa a Forest a ranar 22 ga Agusta 2011 a zagaye na biyu na gasar League Cup a lokacin da suka yi nasara da ci 4-1 a kan Wycombe Wanderers, inda Lewis McGugan ya maye gurbinsa. Kwarewarsa ta haifar da yabo daga kocin Forest na wancan lokacin Steve McClaren . A ranar 4 ga Nuwamba 2011, Freeman ya koma ƙungiyar Conference Premier ta Mansfield Town kan yarjejeniyar aro ta gaggawa, wanda daga baya aka tsawaita shi. Freeman ya koma Forest a ranar 4 ga Janairu, bayan ya fara wasa tara a Stags. A ƙarƙashin Steve Cotterill, Freeman ya fara wasa a Forest a zagaye na uku na gasar cin kofin FA a gida da ƙungiyar [[Leicester City F.C.|Leicester City]] a watan Janairun 2012. Ya buga dukkan mintuna 90 kuma ya taimaka wajen kare ƙwallo. Wasan ya ƙare da ci 0-0. A ranar 13 ga Janairun 2012, Freeman ya koma ƙungiyar Ligue One ta Notts County a matsayin aro na gaggawa na kwanaki 30. <ref name="NCFC" /> An ba shi lambar 'yan wasa ta 20 kuma ya fara buga wasa a wasan da suka sha kashi a hannun AFC Bournemouth da ci 2-1. An tsawaita kwangilar har zuwa ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2011-2012 a ranar 13 ga Fabrairun 2012. Bayan wasanni masu ban sha'awa, an ba Kieron kyautar matashin ɗan wasa na wata na ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Fabrairu. An kuma yaba masa kocin Notts County na yanzu, [[Keith Curle]], wanda ya bayyana cewa a nan gaba Freeman zai isa ya buga wasa a [[Premier League|gasar Premier]] . A ƙarshen kakar wasa, Freeman ya koma Forest, duk da haka ya ce yana son komawa Magpies a kakar wasa mai zuwa. === Gundumar Derby === A lokacin bazara na 2012, rahotanni sun danganta Freeman da komawa Notts County sannan kuma ya koma Derby County da Gillingham . Manajan Derby Nigel Clough ya tabbatar da sha'awarsa ta sayen dan wasan. A ranar 22 ga Agusta 2012, Freeman ya koma ƙungiyar Derby County da ke hamayya da East Midlands kan kuɗin da ba a bayyana ba, inda ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru biyu tare da zaɓin na uku. Ya fara buga wasa a karon farko a kungiyar a wasan da suka yi da Blackpool da ci 4-1 a ranar 3 ga Nuwamba 2012, a matsayin wanda ya maye gurbin Jeff Hendrick a minti na 81. Farkon wasansa ya zo ne a wasan da suka yi da [[Middlesbrough FC|Middlesbrough]] da ci 3-1 a ranar 1 ga Janairu 2013. Bayan da aka dakatar da Gareth Roberts na baya-baya na hagu na wasanni uku, an zabi Freeman ya buga wasan baya-baya na dama a wasannin gida na Derby da Wolverhampton Wanderers da Bolton Wanderers, duk da haka a farkon wasan Bolton, Freeman ya ji rauni bayan mintuna 29. Manaja Nigel Clough ya ce Freeman ya ji rauni a idon sawunsa kuma dole ne ya bar Pride Park da sanduna. <ref name="Bolt" /> An cire shi daga buga wasanni na tsawon makonni uku zuwa hudu. Freeman ya koma cikin tawagar farko ta wasan rana bayan makonni uku kuma mako guda bayan haka ya koma wasa na goma sha daya a baya-baya don ya kare [[John Brayford]] da ya ji rauni. A farkon watan Afrilu an tabbatar da cewa Freeman ya tsawaita kwantiraginsa a Derby har zuwa lokacin bazara na 2016. Freeman ya kammala kakar wasa ta bana inda ya buga wasanni 20 a kungiyar farko, inda ya fara wasanni 10, tare da wadannan wasanni Freeman ya kasance dan wasa na yau da kullun a kungiyar 'yan kasa da shekaru 21 kuma a karshen kakar wasa ya lashe kyautar gwarzon dan wasan shekara ta 'yan kasa da shekaru 21. Bayan sayar da ɗan wasan baya na farko John Brayford ga Cardiff City, Nigel Clough ya yi tunanin Freeman zai iya maye gurbinsa. Kwanaki kaɗan bayan haka, Derby ta sayi ɗan wasan baya na dama [[Tottenham Hotspur FC|na Tottenham Hotspur]] [[Adam Smith (footballer)|Adam Smith]] a matsayin aro na tsawon kakar wasa da nufin su biyun su fafata don samun matsayi a cikin 'yan wasa goma sha ɗaya. An zaɓi Freeman a gaban Smith a wasanni biyar na farko na gasar ta kakar wasa amma an cire shi a hutun rabin lokaci a wasa na biyar, rashin nasara a gida a hannun Burnley . ''Rams'' sun kasance ƙasa da maki 2-0 a lokacin kuma Freeman ne ke da laifi a kwallaye biyun, musamman na biyu, lokacin da ya kai ƙwallon zuwa ga hannun ɗan wasan Burnley Sam Vokes, wanda ya ci kwallo daga nesa. Clough ya lura cewa Freeman "ya kamata ya yi abin da ya fi kyau" kuma Smith ya fara wasa na gaba, nasara 5-1 a Millwall, kodayake an cire shi bayan mintuna 61 saboda damuwa game da lafiyarsa. Millwall ta sha kashi da ci 3-0 kuma tana wasa da 'yan wasa 10, kuma kwalaben da tsabar kuɗi da magoya bayan gida suka jefa wa Smith suka buge shi, don haka Freeman ya maye gurbinsa. Smith ya ci gaba da riƙe matsayinsa a ƙungiyar a wasanni biyu masu zuwa, amma Freeman ya dawo a matsayi na uku, inda ya sha kashi a hannun abokan hamayyarsa Leicester City da ci 2-1 a gasar League Cup. An maye gurbin Smith bayan da Andre Wisdom ya zo aro daga [[Liverpool F.C.|Liverpool]] kuma Freeman ya sami kansa a matsayin ɗan wasan baya na dama na uku. Freeman ya koma Notts County don yin wasa na biyu a matsayin aro a ranar 12 ga Nuwamba 2013, ya fara buga wasa a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbinsa a wasan Kofin Kwallon Kafa a rana ɗaya kuma tun daga lokacin ya buga duk minti ɗaya na wasannin lig huɗu na Notts County. Bayan ya buga wasanni takwas a duk gasannin da ya buga wa Notts County, an sake kiransa daga aronsa daga Derby a ranar 24 ga Disamba 2013. Freeman ya koma Notts County don zaman aro na uku a ranar 11 ga Janairu 2014. A watan Maris na 2014, Freeman ya haɗu da tsohon manaja Nigel Clough kuma ya koma Sheffield United a yarjejeniyar aro ta farko ta wata ɗaya, wanda bayan wasanni bakwai da ya buga wa United, aka tsawaita shi har zuwa ƙarshen kakar wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 April 2014 |title=Freeman loan extended |url=http://www.sufc.co.uk/news/article/20140407-freeman-loan-extended-1402177.aspx |access-date=7 April 2014 |publisher=Sheffield United F.C.}}</ref> Freeman yana amfani da shi akai-akai a sauran zamansa kuma ya koma Derby bayan ya buga wasanni goma sha biyu jimilla ga Blades. A ranar 3 ga Oktoba 2014, Freeman ya koma tsohuwar ƙungiyar aro ta Mansfield Town kan yarjejeniyar aro ta watanni uku. === Sheffield United === A ranar 23 ga Janairun 2015, bayan da Derby County ta sallame shi, Freeman ya koma tsohon kulob din aro na Sheffield United a kan yarjejeniyar canja wuri kyauta, inda ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu da rabi da Blades. Freeman ya zura kwallonsa ta farko a United a ranar 14 ga Maris 2015, a filin wasa na Glanford Park da Scunthorpe United . Nigel Clough ne ya sanya wa Freeman hannu a Blades, wanda ya bar United a ranar 25 ga Mayu 2015. Wanda zai maye gurbinsa [[Nigel Adkins]] zai yi aiki a matsayin kocin Sheffield United a kakar wasa ta 2015-16 . A lokacin da Adkins ke jagorantar Bramall Lane, Freeman ya sami kansa "ba shi da wani amfani", kuma a ranar 28 ga Janairu 2016 ya sanya hannu a matsayin aro ga kulob din League Two Portsmouth na sauran kakar wasa ta 2015-16. Bayan Freeman ya koma United, Adkins ya bar kulob din. <ref name="Tricky" /> An naɗa [[Chris Wilder]] a matsayin manaja, kuma da farko an sanya shi cikin jerin 'yan wasa na 'yan wasa Freeman. Duk da haka, Freeman ya shiga ƙungiyar, inda ya zama "babban ɗan wasa a cikin 'yan wasa goma sha ɗaya na farko na United" yayin da ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar South Yorkshire ta ɗauki kofin League One, inda ta samu ci gaba da haɓɓaka . <ref name="Tricky" /> A ranar 31 ga Disamba 2016, a wasan gida da Northampton Town, Freeman ya zira ƙwallon da ta ci nasara a minti na ƙarshe wanda ya kai United saman gasar, inda za su ci gaba da kasancewa har zuwa sauran kakar wasa. A ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2016-17, Freeman ya fito a cikin ƙungiyar PFA ta Shekara. A lokacin bazara na 2017, Freeman ya sanya hannu kan sabuwar kwangila da ƙungiyar da yanzu take kan gaba a gasar. <ref name="Tricky" /> === Garin Swindon === A ranar 7 ga Janairu 2021, Freeman ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekara ɗaya da ƙungiyar League One Swindon Town a kan yarjejeniyar ɗan gajeren lokaci har zuwa ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2020-21. === Birnin Swansea === A ranar 1 ga Fabrairu, 2021, Freeman ya sanya hannu a kulob din EFL Championship [[Swansea City A.F.C.|na Swansea City]] kan kudin da ba a bayyana ba, inda dan wasan gefe na Swansea Jordon Garrick ya koma Swindon Town a matsayin aro a matsayin wani bangare na yarjejeniyar. Freeman ya bar kulob din a karshen kakar wasa bayan ya buga wasa daya kacal a dukkan gasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 June 2021 |title=Swansea City confirm retained list |url=https://www.swanseacity.com/news/swansea-city-confirm-retained-list |website=swanseacity.com}}</ref> === Oldham Athletic === A ranar 11 ga Agusta 2023, Freeman ya koma kulob din National League na Oldham Athletic kan kwangilar watanni shida na ɗan gajeren lokaci. <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 August 2023 |title=Latics Sign Right-Back Freeman |url=https://www.oldhamathletic.co.uk/news/2023/august/11082023-kieron-freeman-signs/ |access-date=2 January 2024 |website=www.oldhamathletic.co.uk}}</ref> Bayan ya buga wasanni goma, ya bar kulob din a ranar 2 ga Janairu 2024 bayan karewar kwangilarsa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 January 2024 |title=Kieron Freeman |url=https://www.oldhamathletic.co.uk/news/2024/january/01012024-kieron-freeman/ |access-date=2 January 2024 |website=www.oldhamathletic.co.uk}}</ref> === Hartlepool United === A ranar 16 ga Agusta 2024, Freeman ya koma ƙungiyar National League ta Hartlepool United a kan yarjejeniyar ɗan gajeren lokaci. <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 August 2024 |title=Kieron Freeman signs for Pools |url=http://www.hartlepoolunited.co.uk/kieron-freeman-signs-for-pools/ |access-date=16 August 2024 |website=www.HartlepoolUnited.co.uk}}</ref> Ya fara buga wa ƙungiyar wasa washegari a matsayin wanda ya maye gurbinsa a wasan da suka tashi 0-0 da Southend United a gida. Bayan ya buga wasanni bakwai, ya bar ƙungiyar a watan Oktoban 2024 bayan karewar kwangilarsa. === Daga baya aiki === A ranar 21 ga Oktoba 2024, Freeman ya koma ƙungiyar Spalding United ta Kudu Premier Division Central. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Spalding United - 2024/2025 Season |url=https://southern-football-league.co.uk/players/Spalding%20United/2024/2025/2569/P/Position |access-date=4 April 2025 |website=Pitching In/Southern Football League}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kieron Freeman: 2024/2025 Biog & Stats |url=https://southern-football-league.co.uk/Player-Display/122931/2024/2025 |access-date=4 April 2025 |website=Pitching In/Southern Football League}}</ref> A watan Mayun 2025, Freeman ya koma ƙungiyar da ta samu ci gaba a gasar [[Northern Premier League|Premier League ta Arewa,]] Hednesford Town . <ref> {{Cite web |date=26 May 2025 |title=Pitmen make major midfield move with Freeman arrival |url=https://htfc.co.uk/2025/05/pitmen-make-major-midfield-move-with-freeman-arrival/ |access-date=26 May 2025 |website=htfc.co.uk}}</ref> An dakatar da kwangilar Freeman a watan Nuwamban 2025. <ref> {{Cite web |date=13 November 2025 |title=Kieron Freeman Departs Hednesford Town |url=https://htfc.co.uk/2025/11/kieron-freeman-departs-hednesford-town/ |access-date=16 January 2026 |website=htfc.co.uk}}</ref> A watan Yunin 2026, Freeman ya koma kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Southern League Premier Division Central Bromsgrove Sporting . <ref> {{Cite web |date=9 June 2026 |title=NEW ADDITION: Kieron Freeman Signs |url=https://bromsgrovesporting.co.uk/new-addition-kieron-freeman-signs/ |access-date=12 June 2026 |website=bromsgrovesporting.co.uk}}</ref> == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == Duk da cewa an haife shi a Ingila, Freeman ya cancanci wakiltar Wales ta hanyar kakanninsa. Freeman ya buga wa 'yan ƙasa da shekara 17, 'yan ƙasa da shekara 19, da 'yan ƙasa da shekara 21 da kuma manyan 'yan wasa. A watan Janairun 2013, an zaɓe shi a cikin tawagar Wales 'yan ƙasa da shekara 21 don wasan sada zumunci da Iceland a ranar 6 ga Fabrairun 2013. A ranar 12 ga Oktoban 2018, kocin Wales Ryan Giggs ya kira Freeman zuwa babban 'yan wasa a karon farko, kuma ya fara buga wasa a babban 'yan wasa a ranar 20 ga Nuwamban 2018 daga benci a wani wasan sada zumunci da suka yi da Albania . == Rayuwa ta sirri == An haife shi a Arnold, Nottinghamshire, Freeman ya halarci Arnold Hill Academy . Freeman mai goyon bayan Nottingham Forest ne, kamar mahaifinsa, wanda Wes Morgan ya saba bugawa a lokacin da yake buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta Non-League . Freeman ya yaba wa tsoffin 'yan wasan Forest Morgan, Jermaine Jenas da Stuart Pearce a matsayin wasu daga cikin 'yan wasan da ya fi so tun yana ƙarami. <ref name="Tricky" /> == Ƙididdigar aiki == {{Updated|match played 18 April 2026}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Appearances and goals by club, season and competition ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |FA Cup ! colspan="2" |League Cup ! colspan="2" |Other ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- |[[Nottingham Forest FC|Nottingham Forest]] |2011–12 |Championship |0 |0 |1 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— |2 |0 |- |Mansfield Town (loan) |2011–12<ref name="2011/12" /> |Conference Premier |9 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |9 |0 |- |Notts County (loan) |2011–12<ref name="2011/12" /> |League One |19 |1 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |19 |1 |- | rowspan="4" |Derby County |2012–13 |Championship |19 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |20 |0 |- |2013–14 |Championship |6 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— |7 |0 |- |2014–15 |Championship |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !25 !0 !1 !0 !1 !0 !0 !0 !27 !0 |- |Notts County (loan) |2013–14<ref name="2013/14" /> |League One |16 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |1{{Efn|Appearance(s) in [[Football League Trophy]]|name=FLT}} |0 |17 |0 |- |Sheffield United (loan) |2013–14<ref name="2013/14" /> |League One |12 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |12 |0 |- |Mansfield Town (loan) |2014–15<ref name="2014/15" /> |League Two |11 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |11 |0 |- | rowspan="7" |Sheffield United |2014–15<ref name="2014/15" /> |League One |19 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |2{{Efn|Appearance(s) in [[EFL League One play-offs|League One play-offs]]}} |1 |21 |2 |- |2015–16 |League One |19 |0 |1 |1 |1 |0 |1{{Efn|name=FLT}} |0 |22 |1 |- |2016–17 |League One |41 |10 |2 |1 |0 |0 |3{{Efn|Appearances in [[EFL Trophy]]|name=EFLT}} |0 |46 |11 |- |2017–18 |Championship |10 |1 |0 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— |11 |1 |- |2018–19 |Championship |20 |2 |1 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— |22 |2 |- |2019–20 |[[Premier League]] |2 |0 |3 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |— |7 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !111 !14 !7 !2 !5 !0 !6 !1 !129 !17 |- |Portsmouth (loan) |2015–16<ref name="2015/16" /> |League Two |7 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |7 |0 |- |Swindon Town |2020–21 |League One |2 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |2 |0 |- |[[Swansea City A.F.C.|Swansea City]] |2020–21<ref name="2020/21" /> |Championship |0 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |1 |0 |- | rowspan="3" |Portsmouth |2021–22 |League One |19 |0 |1 |0 |1 |0 |4{{Efn|name=EFLT}} |0 |25 |0 |- |2022–23 |League One |1 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |5{{Efn|name=EFLT}} |0 |7 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !20 !0 !1 !0 !2 !0 !9 !0 !32 !0 |- |Oldham Athletic |2023–24<ref name="Soccerway">{{Soccerway|kieron-freeman/142691|accessdate=13 September 2024}}</ref> |National League |9 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |10 |0 |- |Hartlepool United |2024–25<ref name="Soccerway" /> |National League |7 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |7 |0 |- |Spalding United |2024–25<ref>{{Cite web |title=Spalding United Players 2024/2025 |url=https://southern-football-league.co.uk/players/Spalding%20United/2024/2025/2569/P/Position |access-date=7 May 2025 |website=Southern Football League}}</ref> |Southern Premier Division Central |27 |2 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |27 |2 |- |Hednesford Town |2025–26<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hednesford Town – Appearances – Kieron Freeman |url=https://www.footballwebpages.co.uk/hednesford-town/appearances/kieron-freeman/995959 |access-date=16 January 2026 |website=Football Web Pages}}</ref> |[[Northern Premier League|NPL Premier Division]] |8 |0 |3 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |12 |0 |- |Alfreton Town |2025–26 |National League North |17 |3 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |17 |3 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !300 !20 !15 !2 !9 !0 !17 !1 !341 !23 |} <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Notelist}} == Daraja == '''Sheffield United''' '''Mutum ɗaya''' * Matashin ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na wata : Fabrairu 2012 * Ɗan wasan shekara na Derby County na 'yan ƙasa da shekara 21: 2012–13 * Ƙungiyar PFA ta Shekara : 2016–17 League One == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * Kieron Freeman at Soccerbase [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1992]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} dmvw4a3son7ji1xovy9h8moznoepe63 0 161079 878901 2026-07-08T10:34:08Z Abdurra'uf 23412 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1328175628|Yssouf Koné]]" 878901 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Yssouf Koné''' (an haife shi a ranar 19 ga Fabrairu 1982) tsohon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon]] ƙafa ne wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba . An haife shi a Ivory Coast, ya wakilci Burkina Faso a matakin ƙasa da ƙasa. == Aikin kulob == === Farkon aikina === An haifi Koné a ranar 19 ga Fabrairu, 1982 a Korhogo, Ivory Coast, kuma ya fara buga ƙwallon ƙafa a matakin manya a shekarar 2002 a ƙungiyar Raja Casablanca ta ƙasar Morocco, inda ya lashe gasar Botola ta 2003-04 . <ref name="NFT">{{NFT player|7739}}</ref> <ref name="RSA">{{Cite web |date=29 January 2011 |title=Yssouf Kone a semnat un contract pe trei ani cu Valerenga |trans-title=Yssouf Kone signs three-year contract with Valerenga |url=https://www.romaniansoccer.ro/stiri/22546/yssouf-kone-a-semnat-un-contract-pe-trei-ani-cu-valerenga.htm |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=RomanianSoccer.ro |language=Romanian}}</ref> A shekarar 2004 ya yi wasa a Qingdao Hailifeng, inda ya buga wasanni 16 kuma ya zura kwallaye sau ɗaya a gasar Super League ta ƙasar Sin . <ref name="RS" /> <ref name="NFT" /> <ref name="RSA" /> Bayan haka ya dawo Raja, inda ya lashe Kofin Sarauta na Morocco na 2004-05. <ref name="RS" /> <ref name="NFT" /> <ref name="RSA" /> A shekarar 2005 ya je ya buga wa ƙungiyar Olympic Safi, wadda ita ma a ƙasar Morocco ce. <ref name="RS" /> <ref name="NFT" /> <ref name="RSA" /> === Rosenborg === [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1982]] nj5uuyfc3andh1w8cnve14yq17hor4n 878902 878901 2026-07-08T10:36:09Z Abdurra'uf 23412 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1328175628|Yssouf Koné]]" 878902 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Yssouf Koné''' (an haife shi a ranar 19 ga Fabrairu 1982) tsohon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon]] ƙafa ne wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba . An haife shi a Ivory Coast, ya wakilci Burkina Faso a matakin ƙasa da ƙasa. == Aikin kulob == === Farkon aikina === An haifi Koné a ranar 19 ga Fabrairu, 1982 a Korhogo, Ivory Coast, kuma ya fara buga ƙwallon ƙafa a matakin manya a shekarar 2002 a ƙungiyar Raja Casablanca ta ƙasar Morocco, inda ya lashe gasar Botola ta 2003-04 . <ref name="NFT">{{NFT player|7739}}</ref> <ref name="RSA">{{Cite web |date=29 January 2011 |title=Yssouf Kone a semnat un contract pe trei ani cu Valerenga |trans-title=Yssouf Kone signs three-year contract with Valerenga |url=https://www.romaniansoccer.ro/stiri/22546/yssouf-kone-a-semnat-un-contract-pe-trei-ani-cu-valerenga.htm |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=RomanianSoccer.ro |language=Romanian}}</ref> A shekarar 2004 ya yi wasa a Qingdao Hailifeng, inda ya buga wasanni 16 kuma ya zura kwallaye sau ɗaya a gasar Super League ta ƙasar Sin . <ref name="RS" /> <ref name="NFT" /> <ref name="RSA" /> Bayan haka ya dawo Raja, inda ya lashe Kofin Sarauta na Morocco na 2004-05. <ref name="RS" /> <ref name="NFT" /> <ref name="RSA" /> A shekarar 2005 ya je ya buga wa ƙungiyar Olympic Safi, wadda ita ma a ƙasar Morocco ce. <ref name="RS" /> <ref name="NFT" /> <ref name="RSA" /> === Rosenborg === A shekara ta 2006, Koné ya sanya hannu da Rosenborg, inda ya fara buga gasar Turai ta hanyar buga wasanni biyu a jere da Zenit Saint Petersburg ta sha kashi a hannun Zenit Saint Petersburg a zagaye na 32 na gasar cin kofin UEFA ta 2005-06 . <ref name="NFT">{{NFT player|7739}}</ref> <ref name="RSA">{{Cite web |date=29 January 2011 |title=Yssouf Kone a semnat un contract pe trei ani cu Valerenga |trans-title=Yssouf Kone signs three-year contract with Valerenga |url=https://www.romaniansoccer.ro/stiri/22546/yssouf-kone-a-semnat-un-contract-pe-trei-ani-cu-valerenga.htm |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=RomanianSoccer.ro |language=Romanian}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.romaniansoccer.ro/stiri/22546/yssouf-kone-a-semnat-un-contract-pe-trei-ani-cu-valerenga.htm "Yssouf Kone a semnat un contract pe trei ani cu Valerenga"] &#x5B;Yssouf Kone signs three-year contract with Valerenga&#x5D; (in Romanian). RomanianSoccer.ro. 29 January 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2025</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Romanian-language sources (ro)]]</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Yssouf Koné. UEFA Cup 2005/2006 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe5562/yssouf-kone/co132/uefa-europa-league/se4151/2005-2006/club-matches/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}</ref> Ya fara buga Tippeligaen a ranar 9 ga Afrilu, 2006 lokacin da kocin Per-Mathias Høgmo ya tura shi ya maye gurbin Thorstein Helstad a minti na 68 na wasan da suka tashi 3-3 da Lillestrøm . <ref name="WF">{{Cite web |title=Yssouf Koné. Tippeligaen 2006 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe5562/yssouf-kone/co129/norway-eliteserien/se4255/2006/club-matches/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Lillestrøm SK - Rosenborg BK 3:3 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/match-report/ma1972776/lineup/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}</ref> Koné ya zura kwallonsa ta farko a ranar 23 ga Yuli a wasan da suka sha kashi a hannun IK Start da ci 2-1. <ref name="WF" /> Ya zura kwallaye uku jimilla a wasanni 16 har zuwa karshen kakar wasa, yayin da kungiyar ta lashe gasar. <ref name="RS" /> <ref name="NFT" /> <ref name="WF" /> Koné started to play more often in the following season as Daniel Braaten was sold to Bolton Wanderers.<ref name="RBK">{{Cite web |date=26 June 2008 |title=Koné klar for Cluj |trans-title=Koné ready for Cluj |url=https://www.rbkweb.no/vis/6146 |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Rbkweb.no |language=ro}}</ref> He helped ''The Troll Children'' eliminate Zhenis and Tampere United in the 2007–08 Champions League qualifying rounds, netting four goals against the first and two against the latter.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Yssouf Koné. Champions League Qualifiers 2007/2008 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe5562/yssouf-kone/co562/uefa-champions-league-qual/se5131/2007-2008/club-matches/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}</ref> Thus the club reached the group stage where he played in all six games, starting with a 1–1 home draw against [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]], and scored two goals in a win over [[Valencia CF|Valencia]] and a loss to Schalke 04.<ref name="RS" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Yssouf Koné. Champions League 2007/2008 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe5562/yssouf-kone/co19/uefa-champions-league/se19/2007-2008/club-matches/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}</ref> As they finished third in the group, the team qualified to the UEFA Cup round of 32, where they were defeated 3–1 on aggregate by Fiorentina, Koné netting his side's goal.<ref name="RS" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Champions League 2007/2008. Group B |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/competition/ro66/md0/results-and-standings/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |title=Yssouf Koné. UEFA Cup 2007/2008 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe5562/yssouf-kone/co132/uefa-europa-league/se5313/2007-2008/club-matches/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}</ref> Subsequently, he helped Rosenborg win the 2008 Intertoto Cup, eliminating Ekranas, against whom he scored three goals, and NAC Breda.<ref name="RS" /><ref name="RSSSF">{{Cite web |title=Intertoto Cup 2008. |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesu/uic08.html |access-date=17 December 2025 |publisher=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Yssouf Koné. Intertoto Cup 2008 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe5562/yssouf-kone/co133/uefa-ui-cup/se131/2008-2009/club-matches/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}</ref> Koné was transferred from Rosenborg to CFR Cluj for €600,000 in the summer of 2008.<ref name="RSA">{{Cite web |date=29 January 2011 |title=Yssouf Kone a semnat un contract pe trei ani cu Valerenga |trans-title=Yssouf Kone signs three-year contract with Valerenga |url=https://www.romaniansoccer.ro/stiri/22546/yssouf-kone-a-semnat-un-contract-pe-trei-ani-cu-valerenga.htm |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=RomanianSoccer.ro |language=Romanian}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.romaniansoccer.ro/stiri/22546/yssouf-kone-a-semnat-un-contract-pe-trei-ani-cu-valerenga.htm "Yssouf Kone a semnat un contract pe trei ani cu Valerenga"] &#x5B;Yssouf Kone signs three-year contract with Valerenga&#x5D; (in Romanian). RomanianSoccer.ro. 29 January 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2025</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Romanian-language sources (ro)]]</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=29 July 2008 |title=Yssouf Kone va juca la CFR Cluj |trans-title=Yssouf Kone will play for CFR Cluj |url=https://www.prosport.ro/fotbal-intern/liga-1/yssouf-kone-va-juca-la-cfr-cluj-2831063 |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Prosport.ro |language=Romanian}}</ref> He made his Liga I debut on 24 August 2008 under coach Ioan Andone in a 2–1 away loss to FC Vaslui.<ref name="RS" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=24 August 2008 |title=Vaslui 2-1 CFR Cluj(Burdujan x2/Cadu) |url=https://www.sport.ro/liga-1/ora-19-00-vaslui-cfr-live-text-pe-www-sport-ro.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Sport.ro |language=ro}}</ref> He netted his first goals in the competition on 21 September, managing a brace in 3–0 home victory against Farul Constanța.<ref name="RS" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=21 September 2008 |title=CFR Cluj 3-0 Farul Constanta(Kone x2, Dubardier) |url=https://www.sport.ro/liga-1/acum-cfr-cluj-0-0-farul-constanta.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Sport.ro |language=ro}}</ref> Until the end of the season, he scored a personal record of 10 league goals, including four in 1–0 wins over Dinamo București, Unirea Urziceni, Gloria Buzău and Politehnica Iași.<ref name="RS" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=17 October 2008 |title=CFR-ul revine in lupta pentru titlu: 1-0 cu Dinamo! CUM COMENTEZI? |trans-title=CFR returns to the title fight: 1-0 with Dinamo! WHAT DO YOU COMMENT ON? |url=https://www.sport.ro/liga-1/cfr-ul-revine-in-lupta-pentru-titlu-1-0-cu-dinamo-cum-comentezi.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Sport.ro |language=ro}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |date=31 October 2008 |title=CFR, gata de Bordeaux! CFR 1-0 Unirea Urziceni! Comenteaza aici! |trans-title=CFR, ready for Bordeaux! CFR 1-0 Unirea Urziceni! Comment here! |url=https://www.sport.ro/liga-1/17-00-cfr-cluj-unirea-urziceni.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Sport.ro |language=ro}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |date=7 March 2009 |title=Kone le-a umflat Buzau'! Gloria Buzau 0-1 CFR Cluj! |trans-title=Kone blew them away in Buzau! Gloria Buzau 0-1 CFR Cluj! |url=https://www.sport.ro/liga-1/18-00-live-text-pe-www-sport-ro-gloria-buzau-0-0-cfr-cluj.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Sport.ro |language=ro}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |date=7 April 2009 |title=Acelasi joc, alt antrenor: Poli Iasi 0-1 CFR Cluj (Kone '79) |trans-title=Same game, different coach: Poli Iasi 0-1 CFR Cluj (Kone '79) |url=https://www.sport.ro/liga-1/acelasi-joc-alt-antrenor-poli-iasi-0-1-cfr-cluj-kone-79.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Sport.ro |language=ro}}</ref> Koné made six appearances in the 2008–09 Champions League group stage with ''The Railway Men''.<ref name="RS" /> In the first match, they earned a historical 2–1 victory at Stadio Olimpico against AS Roma, and in the last two, Koné scored once in losses to each of Roma and [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]].<ref name="RS" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Yssouf Koné. Champions League 2008/2009 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe5562/yssouf-kone/co19/uefa-champions-league/se625/2008-2009/club-matches/ |access-date=17 December 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |date=26 November 2020 |title=Primari, antrenori, preoți! Ce fac acum jucătorii CFR-ului care au învins Roma pe Olimpico |trans-title=Mayors, coaches, priests! What are the CFR players who beat Roma at the Olimpico doing now? |url=https://www.fanatik.ro/primari-antrenori-preoti-ce-fac-acum-jucatorii-cfr-ului-care-au-invins-roma-pe-olimpico-19367905 |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Fanatik.ro |language=ro}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |date=16 September 2008 |title=FINAL AS Roma - CFR Cluj 1-2 Victorie incredibila: Culio cucereste Roma! |trans-title=FINAL AS Roma - CFR Cluj 1-2 Incredible victory: Culio conquers Rome! |url=https://sport.hotnews.ro/stiri-fotbal-4388501-final-roma-cfr-cluj-1-2-victorie-incredibila-culio-cucereste-roma.htm |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Hotnews.ro |language=ro}}</ref> He finished the season by helping the team win the Cupa României, coach Toni Conceição using him the entire match in the 3–0 win over Politehnica Timișoara in the final.<ref name="RS" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Romanian Cup – Season 2008–2009 |url=https://www.romaniansoccer.ro/romanian_cup/2008_2009.shtml |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=RomanianSoccer}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |date=13 June 2009 |title=Cupa ramane la Cluj! CFR 3-0 Timisoara! (Deac '6, Peralta '28, Culio '53) |trans-title=The cup remains in Cluj! CFR 3-0 Timisoara! (Deac '6, Peralta '28, Culio '53) |url=https://www.sport.ro/cupa-romaniei/cupa-ramane-la-cluj-cfr-3-0-timisoara-deac-6-peralta-28-culio-53.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Sport.ro |language=Romanian}}</ref> Koné ya fara kakar wasa ta gaba ta hanyar lashe gasar Supercupa României ta 2009, yayin da koci Conceição ya tura shi a minti na 81 don maye gurbin Diego Ruiz a wasan bugun fanareti da Unirea Urziceni. <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 July 2009 |title=CFR Cluj a castigat Supercupa Romaniei: Unirea 1-1 CFR (3-4 d.p) |trans-title=CFR Cluj won the Romanian Supercup: Unirea 1-1 CFR (3-4 d.p.) |url=https://www.sport.ro/liga-1/cfr-cluj-a-castigat-supercupa-romaniei-unirea-1-1-cfr-3-4-d-p.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Sport.ro |language=ro}}</ref> Kwallon da ya ci da bugun fenariti bayan ya yi amfani da bugun fenariti daga Sebastián Dubarbier a wasan da suka doke FK Sarajevo da ci 2-1 a wasan share fage na gasar Europa League ta 2009-10 ta tabbatar da cancantar shiga matakin rukuni, inda ya buga wasanni uku. <ref name="RS" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 August 2009 |title=CFR, in grupele Europa League! CFR Cluj 2-1 FK Sarajevo! |trans-title=CFR, in the Europa League groups! CFR Cluj 2-1 FK Sarajevo! |url=https://www.sport.ro/europa-league/19-30-cfr-cluj-sarajevo-vezi-echipele-de-start.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Sport.ro |language=ro}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |title=Yssouf Koné. Europa League Qualifiers 2009/2010 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe5562/yssouf-kone/co563/uefa-europa-league-qual/se1427/2009-2010/club-matches/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |title=Yssouf Koné. Europa League 2009/2010 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe5562/yssouf-kone/co132/uefa-europa-league/se1428/2009-2010/club-matches/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}</ref> Ya zura kwallonsa ta farko a gasar a wasan da suka tashi 2-2 da Steaua București, daga baya ya zura kwallaye biyu a wasan da suka doke Ceahlăul Piatra Neamț da ci 2-0. <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 August 2009 |title=CFR pune capat victoriilor Stelei! Steaua 2-2 CFR Cluj! |trans-title=CFR puts an end to Steaua's victories! Steaua 2-2 CFR Cluj! |url=https://www.sport.ro/liga-1/steaua-2.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Sport.ro |language=ro}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |date=12 December 2009 |title=CFR Cluj învinge cu 2-0 pe Ceahlăul și urcă pe primul loc |trans-title=CFR Cluj defeats Ceahlău 2-0 and climbs to first place |url=https://www.gsp.ro/fotbal/liga-1/cfr-cluj-invinge-cu-2-0-pe-ceahlaul-si-urca-pe-primul-loc-167468.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Gsp.ro |language=ro}}</ref> Koné ya bayar da gudummawa da jimillar kwallaye shida a wasanni 21 karkashin koci Conceição da Andrea Mandorlini, yayin da kungiyar ta lashe gasar. <ref name="RS" /> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Romania National Champions |url=https://www.romaniansoccer.ro/menu_items/champions.shtml |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=RomanianSoccer}}</ref> Ya kuma lashe wani Cupa României da CFR, inda ya zura kwallo da ta taimaka musu su wuce Dinamo a wasan kusa da na karshe, sannan koci Mandorlini ya yi amfani da shi a matsayin wanda zai fara wasan a wasan da suka doke FC Vaslui a bugun fenariti a wasan karshe . <ref name="RS" /> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Romanian Cup – Season 2009–2010 |url=https://www.romaniansoccer.ro/romanian_cup/2009_2010.shtml |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=RomanianSoccer}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |date=24 March 2010 |title=Finala din semifinale! Dinamo – CFR 1-1 |trans-title=The semi-finals final! Dinamo – CFR 1-1 |url=https://www.prosport.ro/cupa-romaniei/finala-din-semifinale-dinamo-cfr-1-1-5772028 |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Prosport.ro |language=ro}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |date=14 April 2010 |title=CFR - Dinamo 2-1, clujenii merg în finală! |trans-title=CFR - Dinamo 2-1, the team from Cluj goes to the final! |url=https://www.gsp.ro/fotbal/cupa-romaniei/galerie-foto-cfr-dinamo-2-1-clujenii-merg-in-finala-185724.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Gsp.ro |language=ro}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |date=27 May 2010 |title=FC Vaslui - CFR Cluj 4-5. Ardelenii au câştigat Cupa României la penalty-uri |trans-title=FC Vaslui - CFR Cluj 4-5. The Transylvanians won the Romanian Cup on penalties |url=https://evz.ro/fc-vaslui-si-cfr-finaliste-cu-antrenori-pe-picior-de-plecare-895892.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Evz.ro |language=ro}}</ref> === Vålerenga === A watan Janairun 2011, Koné ya sanya hannu a ƙungiyar Vålerenga ta ƙasar Norway. <ref name="RSA">{{Cite web |date=29 January 2011 |title=Yssouf Kone a semnat un contract pe trei ani cu Valerenga |trans-title=Yssouf Kone signs three-year contract with Valerenga |url=https://www.romaniansoccer.ro/stiri/22546/yssouf-kone-a-semnat-un-contract-pe-trei-ani-cu-valerenga.htm |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=RomanianSoccer.ro |language=Romanian}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.romaniansoccer.ro/stiri/22546/yssouf-kone-a-semnat-un-contract-pe-trei-ani-cu-valerenga.htm "Yssouf Kone a semnat un contract pe trei ani cu Valerenga"] &#x5B;Yssouf Kone signs three-year contract with Valerenga&#x5D; (in Romanian). RomanianSoccer.ro. 29 January 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2025</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Romanian-language sources (ro)]]</ref> Ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar ta doke Mika a zagaye na biyu na cancantar shiga gasar Europa League ta 2011–12, inda PAOK ta fitar da shi a zagaye na gaba. <ref name="RS" /> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Yssouf Koné. Europa League Qualifiers 2011/2012 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe5562/yssouf-kone/co563/uefa-europa-league-qual/se7234/2011-2012/club-matches/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}</ref> Ya zura musu ƙwallonsa ta farko a ranar 2 ga Yulin 2011 a wasan da suka tashi 2-2 da Strømsgodset . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Yssouf Koné. Tippeligaen 2011 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe5562/yssouf-kone/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga Janairun 2013, kwangilarsa da Vålerenga ta ƙare bisa amincewar juna. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Vålerenga avsluttet ekteskapet med Koné |url=http://www.dittoslo.no/indre-by/sport-indre-by/valerenga-avsluttet-ekteskapet-med-kone-1.7743198 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808043926/http://www.dittoslo.no/indre-by/sport-indre-by/valerenga-avsluttet-ekteskapet-med-kone-1.7743198 |archive-date=8 August 2014 |access-date=30 July 2014 |publisher=Dittoslo.no |language=no}}</ref> [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1982]] 3mkvt3yku0fcvk6ah5fu7jwez53075w 878903 878902 2026-07-08T10:37:11Z Abdurra'uf 23412 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1328175628|Yssouf Koné]]" 878903 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Yssouf Koné''' (an haife shi a ranar 19 ga Fabrairu 1982) tsohon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon]] ƙafa ne wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba . An haife shi a Ivory Coast, ya wakilci Burkina Faso a matakin ƙasa da ƙasa. == Aikin kulob == === Farkon aikina === An haifi Koné a ranar 19 ga Fabrairu, 1982 a Korhogo, Ivory Coast, kuma ya fara buga ƙwallon ƙafa a matakin manya a shekarar 2002 a ƙungiyar Raja Casablanca ta ƙasar Morocco, inda ya lashe gasar Botola ta 2003-04 . <ref name="NFT">{{NFT player|7739}}</ref> <ref name="RSA">{{Cite web |date=29 January 2011 |title=Yssouf Kone a semnat un contract pe trei ani cu Valerenga |trans-title=Yssouf Kone signs three-year contract with Valerenga |url=https://www.romaniansoccer.ro/stiri/22546/yssouf-kone-a-semnat-un-contract-pe-trei-ani-cu-valerenga.htm |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=RomanianSoccer.ro |language=Romanian}}</ref> A shekarar 2004 ya yi wasa a Qingdao Hailifeng, inda ya buga wasanni 16 kuma ya zura kwallaye sau ɗaya a gasar Super League ta ƙasar Sin . <ref name="RS" /> <ref name="NFT" /> <ref name="RSA" /> Bayan haka ya dawo Raja, inda ya lashe Kofin Sarauta na Morocco na 2004-05. <ref name="RS" /> <ref name="NFT" /> <ref name="RSA" /> A shekarar 2005 ya je ya buga wa ƙungiyar Olympic Safi, wadda ita ma a ƙasar Morocco ce. <ref name="RS" /> <ref name="NFT" /> <ref name="RSA" /> === Rosenborg === A shekara ta 2006, Koné ya sanya hannu da Rosenborg, inda ya fara buga gasar Turai ta hanyar buga wasanni biyu a jere da Zenit Saint Petersburg ta sha kashi a hannun Zenit Saint Petersburg a zagaye na 32 na gasar cin kofin UEFA ta 2005-06 . <ref name="NFT">{{NFT player|7739}}</ref> <ref name="RSA">{{Cite web |date=29 January 2011 |title=Yssouf Kone a semnat un contract pe trei ani cu Valerenga |trans-title=Yssouf Kone signs three-year contract with Valerenga |url=https://www.romaniansoccer.ro/stiri/22546/yssouf-kone-a-semnat-un-contract-pe-trei-ani-cu-valerenga.htm |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=RomanianSoccer.ro |language=Romanian}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.romaniansoccer.ro/stiri/22546/yssouf-kone-a-semnat-un-contract-pe-trei-ani-cu-valerenga.htm "Yssouf Kone a semnat un contract pe trei ani cu Valerenga"] &#x5B;Yssouf Kone signs three-year contract with Valerenga&#x5D; (in Romanian). RomanianSoccer.ro. 29 January 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2025</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Romanian-language sources (ro)]]</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Yssouf Koné. UEFA Cup 2005/2006 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe5562/yssouf-kone/co132/uefa-europa-league/se4151/2005-2006/club-matches/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}</ref> Ya fara buga Tippeligaen a ranar 9 ga Afrilu, 2006 lokacin da kocin Per-Mathias Høgmo ya tura shi ya maye gurbin Thorstein Helstad a minti na 68 na wasan da suka tashi 3-3 da Lillestrøm . <ref name="WF">{{Cite web |title=Yssouf Koné. Tippeligaen 2006 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe5562/yssouf-kone/co129/norway-eliteserien/se4255/2006/club-matches/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Lillestrøm SK - Rosenborg BK 3:3 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/match-report/ma1972776/lineup/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}</ref> Koné ya zura kwallonsa ta farko a ranar 23 ga Yuli a wasan da suka sha kashi a hannun IK Start da ci 2-1. <ref name="WF" /> Ya zura kwallaye uku jimilla a wasanni 16 har zuwa karshen kakar wasa, yayin da kungiyar ta lashe gasar. <ref name="RS" /> <ref name="NFT" /> <ref name="WF" /> Koné started to play more often in the following season as Daniel Braaten was sold to Bolton Wanderers.<ref name="RBK">{{Cite web |date=26 June 2008 |title=Koné klar for Cluj |trans-title=Koné ready for Cluj |url=https://www.rbkweb.no/vis/6146 |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Rbkweb.no |language=ro}}</ref> He helped ''The Troll Children'' eliminate Zhenis and Tampere United in the 2007–08 Champions League qualifying rounds, netting four goals against the first and two against the latter.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Yssouf Koné. Champions League Qualifiers 2007/2008 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe5562/yssouf-kone/co562/uefa-champions-league-qual/se5131/2007-2008/club-matches/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}</ref> Thus the club reached the group stage where he played in all six games, starting with a 1–1 home draw against [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]], and scored two goals in a win over [[Valencia CF|Valencia]] and a loss to Schalke 04.<ref name="RS" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Yssouf Koné. Champions League 2007/2008 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe5562/yssouf-kone/co19/uefa-champions-league/se19/2007-2008/club-matches/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}</ref> As they finished third in the group, the team qualified to the UEFA Cup round of 32, where they were defeated 3–1 on aggregate by Fiorentina, Koné netting his side's goal.<ref name="RS" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Champions League 2007/2008. Group B |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/competition/ro66/md0/results-and-standings/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |title=Yssouf Koné. UEFA Cup 2007/2008 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe5562/yssouf-kone/co132/uefa-europa-league/se5313/2007-2008/club-matches/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}</ref> Subsequently, he helped Rosenborg win the 2008 Intertoto Cup, eliminating Ekranas, against whom he scored three goals, and NAC Breda.<ref name="RS" /><ref name="RSSSF">{{Cite web |title=Intertoto Cup 2008. |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesu/uic08.html |access-date=17 December 2025 |publisher=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Yssouf Koné. Intertoto Cup 2008 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe5562/yssouf-kone/co133/uefa-ui-cup/se131/2008-2009/club-matches/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}</ref> Koné was transferred from Rosenborg to CFR Cluj for €600,000 in the summer of 2008.<ref name="RSA">{{Cite web |date=29 January 2011 |title=Yssouf Kone a semnat un contract pe trei ani cu Valerenga |trans-title=Yssouf Kone signs three-year contract with Valerenga |url=https://www.romaniansoccer.ro/stiri/22546/yssouf-kone-a-semnat-un-contract-pe-trei-ani-cu-valerenga.htm |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=RomanianSoccer.ro |language=Romanian}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.romaniansoccer.ro/stiri/22546/yssouf-kone-a-semnat-un-contract-pe-trei-ani-cu-valerenga.htm "Yssouf Kone a semnat un contract pe trei ani cu Valerenga"] &#x5B;Yssouf Kone signs three-year contract with Valerenga&#x5D; (in Romanian). RomanianSoccer.ro. 29 January 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2025</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Romanian-language sources (ro)]]</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=29 July 2008 |title=Yssouf Kone va juca la CFR Cluj |trans-title=Yssouf Kone will play for CFR Cluj |url=https://www.prosport.ro/fotbal-intern/liga-1/yssouf-kone-va-juca-la-cfr-cluj-2831063 |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Prosport.ro |language=Romanian}}</ref> He made his Liga I debut on 24 August 2008 under coach Ioan Andone in a 2–1 away loss to FC Vaslui.<ref name="RS" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=24 August 2008 |title=Vaslui 2-1 CFR Cluj(Burdujan x2/Cadu) |url=https://www.sport.ro/liga-1/ora-19-00-vaslui-cfr-live-text-pe-www-sport-ro.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Sport.ro |language=ro}}</ref> He netted his first goals in the competition on 21 September, managing a brace in 3–0 home victory against Farul Constanța.<ref name="RS" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=21 September 2008 |title=CFR Cluj 3-0 Farul Constanta(Kone x2, Dubardier) |url=https://www.sport.ro/liga-1/acum-cfr-cluj-0-0-farul-constanta.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Sport.ro |language=ro}}</ref> Until the end of the season, he scored a personal record of 10 league goals, including four in 1–0 wins over Dinamo București, Unirea Urziceni, Gloria Buzău and Politehnica Iași.<ref name="RS" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=17 October 2008 |title=CFR-ul revine in lupta pentru titlu: 1-0 cu Dinamo! CUM COMENTEZI? |trans-title=CFR returns to the title fight: 1-0 with Dinamo! WHAT DO YOU COMMENT ON? |url=https://www.sport.ro/liga-1/cfr-ul-revine-in-lupta-pentru-titlu-1-0-cu-dinamo-cum-comentezi.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Sport.ro |language=ro}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |date=31 October 2008 |title=CFR, gata de Bordeaux! CFR 1-0 Unirea Urziceni! Comenteaza aici! |trans-title=CFR, ready for Bordeaux! CFR 1-0 Unirea Urziceni! Comment here! |url=https://www.sport.ro/liga-1/17-00-cfr-cluj-unirea-urziceni.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Sport.ro |language=ro}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |date=7 March 2009 |title=Kone le-a umflat Buzau'! Gloria Buzau 0-1 CFR Cluj! |trans-title=Kone blew them away in Buzau! Gloria Buzau 0-1 CFR Cluj! |url=https://www.sport.ro/liga-1/18-00-live-text-pe-www-sport-ro-gloria-buzau-0-0-cfr-cluj.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Sport.ro |language=ro}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |date=7 April 2009 |title=Acelasi joc, alt antrenor: Poli Iasi 0-1 CFR Cluj (Kone '79) |trans-title=Same game, different coach: Poli Iasi 0-1 CFR Cluj (Kone '79) |url=https://www.sport.ro/liga-1/acelasi-joc-alt-antrenor-poli-iasi-0-1-cfr-cluj-kone-79.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Sport.ro |language=ro}}</ref> Koné made six appearances in the 2008–09 Champions League group stage with ''The Railway Men''.<ref name="RS" /> In the first match, they earned a historical 2–1 victory at Stadio Olimpico against AS Roma, and in the last two, Koné scored once in losses to each of Roma and [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]].<ref name="RS" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Yssouf Koné. Champions League 2008/2009 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe5562/yssouf-kone/co19/uefa-champions-league/se625/2008-2009/club-matches/ |access-date=17 December 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |date=26 November 2020 |title=Primari, antrenori, preoți! Ce fac acum jucătorii CFR-ului care au învins Roma pe Olimpico |trans-title=Mayors, coaches, priests! What are the CFR players who beat Roma at the Olimpico doing now? |url=https://www.fanatik.ro/primari-antrenori-preoti-ce-fac-acum-jucatorii-cfr-ului-care-au-invins-roma-pe-olimpico-19367905 |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Fanatik.ro |language=ro}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |date=16 September 2008 |title=FINAL AS Roma - CFR Cluj 1-2 Victorie incredibila: Culio cucereste Roma! |trans-title=FINAL AS Roma - CFR Cluj 1-2 Incredible victory: Culio conquers Rome! |url=https://sport.hotnews.ro/stiri-fotbal-4388501-final-roma-cfr-cluj-1-2-victorie-incredibila-culio-cucereste-roma.htm |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Hotnews.ro |language=ro}}</ref> He finished the season by helping the team win the Cupa României, coach Toni Conceição using him the entire match in the 3–0 win over Politehnica Timișoara in the final.<ref name="RS" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Romanian Cup – Season 2008–2009 |url=https://www.romaniansoccer.ro/romanian_cup/2008_2009.shtml |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=RomanianSoccer}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |date=13 June 2009 |title=Cupa ramane la Cluj! CFR 3-0 Timisoara! (Deac '6, Peralta '28, Culio '53) |trans-title=The cup remains in Cluj! CFR 3-0 Timisoara! (Deac '6, Peralta '28, Culio '53) |url=https://www.sport.ro/cupa-romaniei/cupa-ramane-la-cluj-cfr-3-0-timisoara-deac-6-peralta-28-culio-53.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Sport.ro |language=Romanian}}</ref> Koné ya fara kakar wasa ta gaba ta hanyar lashe gasar Supercupa României ta 2009, yayin da koci Conceição ya tura shi a minti na 81 don maye gurbin Diego Ruiz a wasan bugun fanareti da Unirea Urziceni. <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 July 2009 |title=CFR Cluj a castigat Supercupa Romaniei: Unirea 1-1 CFR (3-4 d.p) |trans-title=CFR Cluj won the Romanian Supercup: Unirea 1-1 CFR (3-4 d.p.) |url=https://www.sport.ro/liga-1/cfr-cluj-a-castigat-supercupa-romaniei-unirea-1-1-cfr-3-4-d-p.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Sport.ro |language=ro}}</ref> Kwallon da ya ci da bugun fenariti bayan ya yi amfani da bugun fenariti daga Sebastián Dubarbier a wasan da suka doke FK Sarajevo da ci 2-1 a wasan share fage na gasar Europa League ta 2009-10 ta tabbatar da cancantar shiga matakin rukuni, inda ya buga wasanni uku. <ref name="RS" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 August 2009 |title=CFR, in grupele Europa League! CFR Cluj 2-1 FK Sarajevo! |trans-title=CFR, in the Europa League groups! CFR Cluj 2-1 FK Sarajevo! |url=https://www.sport.ro/europa-league/19-30-cfr-cluj-sarajevo-vezi-echipele-de-start.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Sport.ro |language=ro}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |title=Yssouf Koné. Europa League Qualifiers 2009/2010 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe5562/yssouf-kone/co563/uefa-europa-league-qual/se1427/2009-2010/club-matches/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |title=Yssouf Koné. Europa League 2009/2010 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe5562/yssouf-kone/co132/uefa-europa-league/se1428/2009-2010/club-matches/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}</ref> Ya zura kwallonsa ta farko a gasar a wasan da suka tashi 2-2 da Steaua București, daga baya ya zura kwallaye biyu a wasan da suka doke Ceahlăul Piatra Neamț da ci 2-0. <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 August 2009 |title=CFR pune capat victoriilor Stelei! Steaua 2-2 CFR Cluj! |trans-title=CFR puts an end to Steaua's victories! Steaua 2-2 CFR Cluj! |url=https://www.sport.ro/liga-1/steaua-2.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Sport.ro |language=ro}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |date=12 December 2009 |title=CFR Cluj învinge cu 2-0 pe Ceahlăul și urcă pe primul loc |trans-title=CFR Cluj defeats Ceahlău 2-0 and climbs to first place |url=https://www.gsp.ro/fotbal/liga-1/cfr-cluj-invinge-cu-2-0-pe-ceahlaul-si-urca-pe-primul-loc-167468.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Gsp.ro |language=ro}}</ref> Koné ya bayar da gudummawa da jimillar kwallaye shida a wasanni 21 karkashin koci Conceição da Andrea Mandorlini, yayin da kungiyar ta lashe gasar. <ref name="RS" /> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Romania National Champions |url=https://www.romaniansoccer.ro/menu_items/champions.shtml |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=RomanianSoccer}}</ref> Ya kuma lashe wani Cupa României da CFR, inda ya zura kwallo da ta taimaka musu su wuce Dinamo a wasan kusa da na karshe, sannan koci Mandorlini ya yi amfani da shi a matsayin wanda zai fara wasan a wasan da suka doke FC Vaslui a bugun fenariti a wasan karshe . <ref name="RS" /> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Romanian Cup – Season 2009–2010 |url=https://www.romaniansoccer.ro/romanian_cup/2009_2010.shtml |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=RomanianSoccer}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |date=24 March 2010 |title=Finala din semifinale! Dinamo – CFR 1-1 |trans-title=The semi-finals final! Dinamo – CFR 1-1 |url=https://www.prosport.ro/cupa-romaniei/finala-din-semifinale-dinamo-cfr-1-1-5772028 |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Prosport.ro |language=ro}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |date=14 April 2010 |title=CFR - Dinamo 2-1, clujenii merg în finală! |trans-title=CFR - Dinamo 2-1, the team from Cluj goes to the final! |url=https://www.gsp.ro/fotbal/cupa-romaniei/galerie-foto-cfr-dinamo-2-1-clujenii-merg-in-finala-185724.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Gsp.ro |language=ro}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |date=27 May 2010 |title=FC Vaslui - CFR Cluj 4-5. Ardelenii au câştigat Cupa României la penalty-uri |trans-title=FC Vaslui - CFR Cluj 4-5. The Transylvanians won the Romanian Cup on penalties |url=https://evz.ro/fc-vaslui-si-cfr-finaliste-cu-antrenori-pe-picior-de-plecare-895892.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Evz.ro |language=ro}}</ref> === Vålerenga === A watan Janairun 2011, Koné ya sanya hannu a ƙungiyar Vålerenga ta ƙasar Norway. <ref name="RSA">{{Cite web |date=29 January 2011 |title=Yssouf Kone a semnat un contract pe trei ani cu Valerenga |trans-title=Yssouf Kone signs three-year contract with Valerenga |url=https://www.romaniansoccer.ro/stiri/22546/yssouf-kone-a-semnat-un-contract-pe-trei-ani-cu-valerenga.htm |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=RomanianSoccer.ro |language=Romanian}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.romaniansoccer.ro/stiri/22546/yssouf-kone-a-semnat-un-contract-pe-trei-ani-cu-valerenga.htm "Yssouf Kone a semnat un contract pe trei ani cu Valerenga"] &#x5B;Yssouf Kone signs three-year contract with Valerenga&#x5D; (in Romanian). RomanianSoccer.ro. 29 January 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2025</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Romanian-language sources (ro)]]</ref> Ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar ta doke Mika a zagaye na biyu na cancantar shiga gasar Europa League ta 2011–12, inda PAOK ta fitar da shi a zagaye na gaba. <ref name="RS" /> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Yssouf Koné. Europa League Qualifiers 2011/2012 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe5562/yssouf-kone/co563/uefa-europa-league-qual/se7234/2011-2012/club-matches/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}</ref> Ya zura musu ƙwallonsa ta farko a ranar 2 ga Yulin 2011 a wasan da suka tashi 2-2 da Strømsgodset . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Yssouf Koné. Tippeligaen 2011 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe5562/yssouf-kone/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga Janairun 2013, kwangilarsa da Vålerenga ta ƙare bisa amincewar juna. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Vålerenga avsluttet ekteskapet med Koné |url=http://www.dittoslo.no/indre-by/sport-indre-by/valerenga-avsluttet-ekteskapet-med-kone-1.7743198 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808043926/http://www.dittoslo.no/indre-by/sport-indre-by/valerenga-avsluttet-ekteskapet-med-kone-1.7743198 |archive-date=8 August 2014 |access-date=30 July 2014 |publisher=Dittoslo.no |language=no}}</ref> == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == An haifi Koné a [[Ivory Coast]], amma ya wakilci [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Burkina Faso|Burkina Faso]] a ƙasashen waje, inda ya buga wasanni 13 kuma ya zira kwallaye huɗu a gare su. <ref name="NFT">{{NFT player|7739}}</ref> <ref name="mediafax">{{Cite web |date=8 January 2010 |title=FOCUS: Cinci fotbaliști din Liga I au fost selecționați pentru Cupa Africii pe Națiuni 2010 |trans-title=FOCUS: Five footballers from Liga I were selected for the 2010 Africa Cup of Nations |url=https://www.mediafax.ro/sport/focus-cinci-fotbalisti-din-liga-i-au-fost-selectionati-pentru-cupa-africii-pe-natiuni-2010-5289509 |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Mediafax.ro |language=ro}}</ref> Ya fara buga wasa a ranar 30 ga Mayu 2004 a ƙarƙashin koci Ivica Todorov a wasan sada zumunci da [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Libya|Libya]] inda ya fara cin kwallaye. <ref name="NFT" /> Wasansa na gaba ya kasance a wasan da Jamhuriyar Congo ta sha kashi da ci 3-2 a hannun [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta DR Congo|DR Congo]] a wasannin share fagen shiga gasar cin kofin duniya na 2006, kuma wasansa na uku shi ne wanda ya yi nasara da ci 1-0 a kan Senegal a lokacin wasannin share fagen shiga gasar cin kofin Afirka na 2008. <ref name="NFT" /> Ya buga wasanni shida a wasannin share fagen shiga gasar cin kofin duniya na 2010, inda ya zira kwallaye biyu a wasan da Tunisia ta yi da ci 2-1 a waje da kuma kwallo daya a wasan da suka yi da [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Seychelles|Seychelles]] . <ref name="NFT" /> Koci Paulo Duarte ya zaɓi Koné don ya kasance cikin tawagar 'yan wasan da suka fafata a gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 2010, inda ya yi amfani da shi a wasan da suka tashi babu ci da [[Ƙungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar Ivory Coast|Ivory Coast]] da kuma rashin nasara a hannun [[Hukumar kwallon kafa ta kasa a Ghana|Ghana]], yayin da ''Stallions'' suka kasa samun nasara daga rukuninsu. <ref name="NFT" /> <ref name="mediafax" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 January 2010 |title=Ivory Coast 0-0 Burkina Faso |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/africa/8452028.stm |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Bbc.co.uk |language=en}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |date=19 January 2010 |title=Africa Cup of Nations: Burkina Faso 0-1 Ghana - as it happened |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2010/jan/19/africa-cup-nations-burkina-faso-ghana-live |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Theguardian.com |language=en}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |date=12 January 2010 |title=Ivory Coast in disappointing draw |url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/sport/2010-01-12-ivory-coast-in-disappointing-draw/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Timeslive.co.za |language=en}}</ref> == Ƙididdigar aiki == === Kulob === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Appearances and goals by club, season and competition<ref name="NFT">{{NFT player|7739}}</ref><ref name="RBK">{{Cite web |date=26 June 2008 |title=Koné klar for Cluj |trans-title=Koné ready for Cluj |url=https://www.rbkweb.no/vis/6146 |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Rbkweb.no |language=ro}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.rbkweb.no/vis/6146 "Koné klar for Cluj"] &#x5B;Koné ready for Cluj&#x5D; (in Romanian). Rbkweb.no. 26 June 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2025</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Romanian-language sources (ro)]]</ref> ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! rowspan="2" |Division ! colspan="2" |League ! colspan="2" |Cup ! colspan="2" |Continental ! colspan="2" |Super Cup ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- |Qingdao Hailifeng |Chinese Super League |2004 |16 |1 | colspan="2" |– | colspan="2" |– | colspan="2" |– |16 |1 |- | rowspan="5" |Rosenborg | rowspan="4" |Tippeligaen |2005 | colspan="2" |– | colspan="2" |– |2 |0 | colspan="2" |– |2 |0 |- |2006 |16 |3 |3 |0 | colspan="2" |– | colspan="2" |– |18 |3 |- |2007 |19 |9 |1 |2 |12 |9 | colspan="2" |– |32 |20 |- |2008 |9 |4 |1 |0 |3 |3 | colspan="2" |– |13 |7 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !44 !16 !5 !2 !17 !12 ! colspan="2" |– !66 !30 |- | rowspan="4" |CFR Cluj | rowspan="3" |Liga I |2008–09 |28 |10 |3 |0 |6 |2 | colspan="2" |– |37 |12 |- |2009–10 |21 |6 |2 |1 |5 |1 |1 |0 |29 |8 |- |2010–11 |2 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |3 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !51 !16 !5 !1 !11 !3 !1 !0 !68 !20 |- | rowspan="2" |Vålerenga | rowspan="2" |Tippeligaen |2011 |11 |1 |2 |1 |4<ref group="lower-alpha" name="UEL" /> |0 | colspan="2" |– |17 |2 |- |2012 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |0 |0 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !122 !34 !12 !4 !32 !15 !1 !0 !167 !53 |} {{Notelist}} {| class="wikitable sortable" |+Jerin kwallayen da Yssouf Koné ya zura a wasannin kasa da kasa <ref name="NFT">{{NFT player|7739}}</ref> ! scope="col" | A'a. ! scope="col" | Kwanan wata ! scope="col" | Wuri ! scope="col" | Abokin hamayya ! scope="col" | Ci ! scope="col" | Sakamako ! scope="col" | Gasar ! class="unsortable" scope="col" | {{Abbr|Ref.|Reference}} |- | style="text-align:center" | 1 | 30 May 2004 | Stade du 4 Août, [[Ouagadougou]], Burkina Faso |{{Fb|Libya|1977}} | style="text-align:center" | 1–0 | style="text-align:center" | 3–2 | Aboki | |- | style="text-align:center" | 2 | rowspan="2" | 1 June 2008 | rowspan="2" | Hammadi Agrebi Stadium, [[Tunis]], Tunisia | rowspan="2" |{{Fb|TUN}} | style="text-align:center" | 1–1 | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center" | 2–1 | rowspan="2" | Gasar cin Kofin Duniya ta FIFA ta 2010 | |- | style="text-align:center" | 3 | style="text-align:center" | 2–1 | <ref name="NFT3" /> |- | style="text-align:center" | 4 | 21 June 2008 | Stade du 4 Août, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso |{{Fb|SEY}} | style="text-align:center" | 4–1 | style="text-align:center" | 4–1 | Gasar cin Kofin Duniya ta FIFA ta 2010 | |} == Daraja == '''Raja Casablanca''' * Botola : 2003–04 <ref name="NFT">{{NFT player|7739}}</ref> * Kofin Kurzawa na Morocco : 2004–05 <ref name="NFT" /> '''Rosenborg''' '''CFR Cluj''' [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1982]] pw59m9h90p95c0lya95n8hoex679ax1 878904 878903 2026-07-08T10:37:38Z Abdurra'uf 23412 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1328175628|Yssouf Koné]]" 878904 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Yssouf Koné''' (an haife shi a ranar 19 ga Fabrairu 1982) tsohon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon]] ƙafa ne wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba . An haife shi a Ivory Coast, ya wakilci Burkina Faso a matakin ƙasa da ƙasa. == Aikin kulob == === Farkon aikina === An haifi Koné a ranar 19 ga Fabrairu, 1982 a Korhogo, Ivory Coast, kuma ya fara buga ƙwallon ƙafa a matakin manya a shekarar 2002 a ƙungiyar Raja Casablanca ta ƙasar Morocco, inda ya lashe gasar Botola ta 2003-04 . <ref name="NFT">{{NFT player|7739}}</ref> <ref name="RSA">{{Cite web |date=29 January 2011 |title=Yssouf Kone a semnat un contract pe trei ani cu Valerenga |trans-title=Yssouf Kone signs three-year contract with Valerenga |url=https://www.romaniansoccer.ro/stiri/22546/yssouf-kone-a-semnat-un-contract-pe-trei-ani-cu-valerenga.htm |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=RomanianSoccer.ro |language=Romanian}}</ref> A shekarar 2004 ya yi wasa a Qingdao Hailifeng, inda ya buga wasanni 16 kuma ya zura kwallaye sau ɗaya a gasar Super League ta ƙasar Sin . <ref name="RS" /> <ref name="NFT" /> <ref name="RSA" /> Bayan haka ya dawo Raja, inda ya lashe Kofin Sarauta na Morocco na 2004-05. <ref name="RS" /> <ref name="NFT" /> <ref name="RSA" /> A shekarar 2005 ya je ya buga wa ƙungiyar Olympic Safi, wadda ita ma a ƙasar Morocco ce. <ref name="RS" /> <ref name="NFT" /> <ref name="RSA" /> === Rosenborg === A shekara ta 2006, Koné ya sanya hannu da Rosenborg, inda ya fara buga gasar Turai ta hanyar buga wasanni biyu a jere da Zenit Saint Petersburg ta sha kashi a hannun Zenit Saint Petersburg a zagaye na 32 na gasar cin kofin UEFA ta 2005-06 . <ref name="NFT">{{NFT player|7739}}</ref> <ref name="RSA">{{Cite web |date=29 January 2011 |title=Yssouf Kone a semnat un contract pe trei ani cu Valerenga |trans-title=Yssouf Kone signs three-year contract with Valerenga |url=https://www.romaniansoccer.ro/stiri/22546/yssouf-kone-a-semnat-un-contract-pe-trei-ani-cu-valerenga.htm |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=RomanianSoccer.ro |language=Romanian}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.romaniansoccer.ro/stiri/22546/yssouf-kone-a-semnat-un-contract-pe-trei-ani-cu-valerenga.htm "Yssouf Kone a semnat un contract pe trei ani cu Valerenga"] &#x5B;Yssouf Kone signs three-year contract with Valerenga&#x5D; (in Romanian). RomanianSoccer.ro. 29 January 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2025</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Romanian-language sources (ro)]]</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Yssouf Koné. UEFA Cup 2005/2006 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe5562/yssouf-kone/co132/uefa-europa-league/se4151/2005-2006/club-matches/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}</ref> Ya fara buga Tippeligaen a ranar 9 ga Afrilu, 2006 lokacin da kocin Per-Mathias Høgmo ya tura shi ya maye gurbin Thorstein Helstad a minti na 68 na wasan da suka tashi 3-3 da Lillestrøm . <ref name="WF">{{Cite web |title=Yssouf Koné. Tippeligaen 2006 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe5562/yssouf-kone/co129/norway-eliteserien/se4255/2006/club-matches/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Lillestrøm SK - Rosenborg BK 3:3 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/match-report/ma1972776/lineup/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}</ref> Koné ya zura kwallonsa ta farko a ranar 23 ga Yuli a wasan da suka sha kashi a hannun IK Start da ci 2-1. <ref name="WF" /> Ya zura kwallaye uku jimilla a wasanni 16 har zuwa karshen kakar wasa, yayin da kungiyar ta lashe gasar. <ref name="RS" /> <ref name="NFT" /> <ref name="WF" /> Koné started to play more often in the following season as Daniel Braaten was sold to Bolton Wanderers.<ref name="RBK">{{Cite web |date=26 June 2008 |title=Koné klar for Cluj |trans-title=Koné ready for Cluj |url=https://www.rbkweb.no/vis/6146 |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Rbkweb.no |language=ro}}</ref> He helped ''The Troll Children'' eliminate Zhenis and Tampere United in the 2007–08 Champions League qualifying rounds, netting four goals against the first and two against the latter.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Yssouf Koné. Champions League Qualifiers 2007/2008 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe5562/yssouf-kone/co562/uefa-champions-league-qual/se5131/2007-2008/club-matches/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}</ref> Thus the club reached the group stage where he played in all six games, starting with a 1–1 home draw against [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]], and scored two goals in a win over [[Valencia CF|Valencia]] and a loss to Schalke 04.<ref name="RS" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Yssouf Koné. Champions League 2007/2008 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe5562/yssouf-kone/co19/uefa-champions-league/se19/2007-2008/club-matches/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}</ref> As they finished third in the group, the team qualified to the UEFA Cup round of 32, where they were defeated 3–1 on aggregate by Fiorentina, Koné netting his side's goal.<ref name="RS" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Champions League 2007/2008. Group B |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/competition/ro66/md0/results-and-standings/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |title=Yssouf Koné. UEFA Cup 2007/2008 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe5562/yssouf-kone/co132/uefa-europa-league/se5313/2007-2008/club-matches/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}</ref> Subsequently, he helped Rosenborg win the 2008 Intertoto Cup, eliminating Ekranas, against whom he scored three goals, and NAC Breda.<ref name="RS" /><ref name="RSSSF">{{Cite web |title=Intertoto Cup 2008. |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesu/uic08.html |access-date=17 December 2025 |publisher=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Yssouf Koné. Intertoto Cup 2008 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe5562/yssouf-kone/co133/uefa-ui-cup/se131/2008-2009/club-matches/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}</ref> Koné was transferred from Rosenborg to CFR Cluj for €600,000 in the summer of 2008.<ref name="RSA">{{Cite web |date=29 January 2011 |title=Yssouf Kone a semnat un contract pe trei ani cu Valerenga |trans-title=Yssouf Kone signs three-year contract with Valerenga |url=https://www.romaniansoccer.ro/stiri/22546/yssouf-kone-a-semnat-un-contract-pe-trei-ani-cu-valerenga.htm |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=RomanianSoccer.ro |language=Romanian}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.romaniansoccer.ro/stiri/22546/yssouf-kone-a-semnat-un-contract-pe-trei-ani-cu-valerenga.htm "Yssouf Kone a semnat un contract pe trei ani cu Valerenga"] &#x5B;Yssouf Kone signs three-year contract with Valerenga&#x5D; (in Romanian). RomanianSoccer.ro. 29 January 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2025</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Romanian-language sources (ro)]]</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=29 July 2008 |title=Yssouf Kone va juca la CFR Cluj |trans-title=Yssouf Kone will play for CFR Cluj |url=https://www.prosport.ro/fotbal-intern/liga-1/yssouf-kone-va-juca-la-cfr-cluj-2831063 |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Prosport.ro |language=Romanian}}</ref> He made his Liga I debut on 24 August 2008 under coach Ioan Andone in a 2–1 away loss to FC Vaslui.<ref name="RS" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=24 August 2008 |title=Vaslui 2-1 CFR Cluj(Burdujan x2/Cadu) |url=https://www.sport.ro/liga-1/ora-19-00-vaslui-cfr-live-text-pe-www-sport-ro.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Sport.ro |language=ro}}</ref> He netted his first goals in the competition on 21 September, managing a brace in 3–0 home victory against Farul Constanța.<ref name="RS" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=21 September 2008 |title=CFR Cluj 3-0 Farul Constanta(Kone x2, Dubardier) |url=https://www.sport.ro/liga-1/acum-cfr-cluj-0-0-farul-constanta.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Sport.ro |language=ro}}</ref> Until the end of the season, he scored a personal record of 10 league goals, including four in 1–0 wins over Dinamo București, Unirea Urziceni, Gloria Buzău and Politehnica Iași.<ref name="RS" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=17 October 2008 |title=CFR-ul revine in lupta pentru titlu: 1-0 cu Dinamo! CUM COMENTEZI? |trans-title=CFR returns to the title fight: 1-0 with Dinamo! WHAT DO YOU COMMENT ON? |url=https://www.sport.ro/liga-1/cfr-ul-revine-in-lupta-pentru-titlu-1-0-cu-dinamo-cum-comentezi.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Sport.ro |language=ro}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |date=31 October 2008 |title=CFR, gata de Bordeaux! CFR 1-0 Unirea Urziceni! Comenteaza aici! |trans-title=CFR, ready for Bordeaux! CFR 1-0 Unirea Urziceni! Comment here! |url=https://www.sport.ro/liga-1/17-00-cfr-cluj-unirea-urziceni.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Sport.ro |language=ro}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |date=7 March 2009 |title=Kone le-a umflat Buzau'! Gloria Buzau 0-1 CFR Cluj! |trans-title=Kone blew them away in Buzau! Gloria Buzau 0-1 CFR Cluj! |url=https://www.sport.ro/liga-1/18-00-live-text-pe-www-sport-ro-gloria-buzau-0-0-cfr-cluj.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Sport.ro |language=ro}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |date=7 April 2009 |title=Acelasi joc, alt antrenor: Poli Iasi 0-1 CFR Cluj (Kone '79) |trans-title=Same game, different coach: Poli Iasi 0-1 CFR Cluj (Kone '79) |url=https://www.sport.ro/liga-1/acelasi-joc-alt-antrenor-poli-iasi-0-1-cfr-cluj-kone-79.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Sport.ro |language=ro}}</ref> Koné made six appearances in the 2008–09 Champions League group stage with ''The Railway Men''.<ref name="RS" /> In the first match, they earned a historical 2–1 victory at Stadio Olimpico against AS Roma, and in the last two, Koné scored once in losses to each of Roma and [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]].<ref name="RS" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Yssouf Koné. Champions League 2008/2009 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe5562/yssouf-kone/co19/uefa-champions-league/se625/2008-2009/club-matches/ |access-date=17 December 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |date=26 November 2020 |title=Primari, antrenori, preoți! Ce fac acum jucătorii CFR-ului care au învins Roma pe Olimpico |trans-title=Mayors, coaches, priests! What are the CFR players who beat Roma at the Olimpico doing now? |url=https://www.fanatik.ro/primari-antrenori-preoti-ce-fac-acum-jucatorii-cfr-ului-care-au-invins-roma-pe-olimpico-19367905 |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Fanatik.ro |language=ro}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |date=16 September 2008 |title=FINAL AS Roma - CFR Cluj 1-2 Victorie incredibila: Culio cucereste Roma! |trans-title=FINAL AS Roma - CFR Cluj 1-2 Incredible victory: Culio conquers Rome! |url=https://sport.hotnews.ro/stiri-fotbal-4388501-final-roma-cfr-cluj-1-2-victorie-incredibila-culio-cucereste-roma.htm |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Hotnews.ro |language=ro}}</ref> He finished the season by helping the team win the Cupa României, coach Toni Conceição using him the entire match in the 3–0 win over Politehnica Timișoara in the final.<ref name="RS" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Romanian Cup – Season 2008–2009 |url=https://www.romaniansoccer.ro/romanian_cup/2008_2009.shtml |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=RomanianSoccer}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |date=13 June 2009 |title=Cupa ramane la Cluj! CFR 3-0 Timisoara! (Deac '6, Peralta '28, Culio '53) |trans-title=The cup remains in Cluj! CFR 3-0 Timisoara! (Deac '6, Peralta '28, Culio '53) |url=https://www.sport.ro/cupa-romaniei/cupa-ramane-la-cluj-cfr-3-0-timisoara-deac-6-peralta-28-culio-53.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Sport.ro |language=Romanian}}</ref> Koné ya fara kakar wasa ta gaba ta hanyar lashe gasar Supercupa României ta 2009, yayin da koci Conceição ya tura shi a minti na 81 don maye gurbin Diego Ruiz a wasan bugun fanareti da Unirea Urziceni. <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 July 2009 |title=CFR Cluj a castigat Supercupa Romaniei: Unirea 1-1 CFR (3-4 d.p) |trans-title=CFR Cluj won the Romanian Supercup: Unirea 1-1 CFR (3-4 d.p.) |url=https://www.sport.ro/liga-1/cfr-cluj-a-castigat-supercupa-romaniei-unirea-1-1-cfr-3-4-d-p.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Sport.ro |language=ro}}</ref> Kwallon da ya ci da bugun fenariti bayan ya yi amfani da bugun fenariti daga Sebastián Dubarbier a wasan da suka doke FK Sarajevo da ci 2-1 a wasan share fage na gasar Europa League ta 2009-10 ta tabbatar da cancantar shiga matakin rukuni, inda ya buga wasanni uku. <ref name="RS" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 August 2009 |title=CFR, in grupele Europa League! CFR Cluj 2-1 FK Sarajevo! |trans-title=CFR, in the Europa League groups! CFR Cluj 2-1 FK Sarajevo! |url=https://www.sport.ro/europa-league/19-30-cfr-cluj-sarajevo-vezi-echipele-de-start.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Sport.ro |language=ro}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |title=Yssouf Koné. Europa League Qualifiers 2009/2010 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe5562/yssouf-kone/co563/uefa-europa-league-qual/se1427/2009-2010/club-matches/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |title=Yssouf Koné. Europa League 2009/2010 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe5562/yssouf-kone/co132/uefa-europa-league/se1428/2009-2010/club-matches/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}</ref> Ya zura kwallonsa ta farko a gasar a wasan da suka tashi 2-2 da Steaua București, daga baya ya zura kwallaye biyu a wasan da suka doke Ceahlăul Piatra Neamț da ci 2-0. <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 August 2009 |title=CFR pune capat victoriilor Stelei! Steaua 2-2 CFR Cluj! |trans-title=CFR puts an end to Steaua's victories! Steaua 2-2 CFR Cluj! |url=https://www.sport.ro/liga-1/steaua-2.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Sport.ro |language=ro}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |date=12 December 2009 |title=CFR Cluj învinge cu 2-0 pe Ceahlăul și urcă pe primul loc |trans-title=CFR Cluj defeats Ceahlău 2-0 and climbs to first place |url=https://www.gsp.ro/fotbal/liga-1/cfr-cluj-invinge-cu-2-0-pe-ceahlaul-si-urca-pe-primul-loc-167468.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Gsp.ro |language=ro}}</ref> Koné ya bayar da gudummawa da jimillar kwallaye shida a wasanni 21 karkashin koci Conceição da Andrea Mandorlini, yayin da kungiyar ta lashe gasar. <ref name="RS" /> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Romania National Champions |url=https://www.romaniansoccer.ro/menu_items/champions.shtml |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=RomanianSoccer}}</ref> Ya kuma lashe wani Cupa României da CFR, inda ya zura kwallo da ta taimaka musu su wuce Dinamo a wasan kusa da na karshe, sannan koci Mandorlini ya yi amfani da shi a matsayin wanda zai fara wasan a wasan da suka doke FC Vaslui a bugun fenariti a wasan karshe . <ref name="RS" /> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Romanian Cup – Season 2009–2010 |url=https://www.romaniansoccer.ro/romanian_cup/2009_2010.shtml |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=RomanianSoccer}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |date=24 March 2010 |title=Finala din semifinale! Dinamo – CFR 1-1 |trans-title=The semi-finals final! Dinamo – CFR 1-1 |url=https://www.prosport.ro/cupa-romaniei/finala-din-semifinale-dinamo-cfr-1-1-5772028 |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Prosport.ro |language=ro}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |date=14 April 2010 |title=CFR - Dinamo 2-1, clujenii merg în finală! |trans-title=CFR - Dinamo 2-1, the team from Cluj goes to the final! |url=https://www.gsp.ro/fotbal/cupa-romaniei/galerie-foto-cfr-dinamo-2-1-clujenii-merg-in-finala-185724.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Gsp.ro |language=ro}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |date=27 May 2010 |title=FC Vaslui - CFR Cluj 4-5. Ardelenii au câştigat Cupa României la penalty-uri |trans-title=FC Vaslui - CFR Cluj 4-5. The Transylvanians won the Romanian Cup on penalties |url=https://evz.ro/fc-vaslui-si-cfr-finaliste-cu-antrenori-pe-picior-de-plecare-895892.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Evz.ro |language=ro}}</ref> === Vålerenga === A watan Janairun 2011, Koné ya sanya hannu a ƙungiyar Vålerenga ta ƙasar Norway. <ref name="RSA">{{Cite web |date=29 January 2011 |title=Yssouf Kone a semnat un contract pe trei ani cu Valerenga |trans-title=Yssouf Kone signs three-year contract with Valerenga |url=https://www.romaniansoccer.ro/stiri/22546/yssouf-kone-a-semnat-un-contract-pe-trei-ani-cu-valerenga.htm |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=RomanianSoccer.ro |language=Romanian}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.romaniansoccer.ro/stiri/22546/yssouf-kone-a-semnat-un-contract-pe-trei-ani-cu-valerenga.htm "Yssouf Kone a semnat un contract pe trei ani cu Valerenga"] &#x5B;Yssouf Kone signs three-year contract with Valerenga&#x5D; (in Romanian). RomanianSoccer.ro. 29 January 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2025</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Romanian-language sources (ro)]]</ref> Ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar ta doke Mika a zagaye na biyu na cancantar shiga gasar Europa League ta 2011–12, inda PAOK ta fitar da shi a zagaye na gaba. <ref name="RS" /> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Yssouf Koné. Europa League Qualifiers 2011/2012 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe5562/yssouf-kone/co563/uefa-europa-league-qual/se7234/2011-2012/club-matches/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}</ref> Ya zura musu ƙwallonsa ta farko a ranar 2 ga Yulin 2011 a wasan da suka tashi 2-2 da Strømsgodset . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Yssouf Koné. Tippeligaen 2011 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe5562/yssouf-kone/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga Janairun 2013, kwangilarsa da Vålerenga ta ƙare bisa amincewar juna. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Vålerenga avsluttet ekteskapet med Koné |url=http://www.dittoslo.no/indre-by/sport-indre-by/valerenga-avsluttet-ekteskapet-med-kone-1.7743198 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808043926/http://www.dittoslo.no/indre-by/sport-indre-by/valerenga-avsluttet-ekteskapet-med-kone-1.7743198 |archive-date=8 August 2014 |access-date=30 July 2014 |publisher=Dittoslo.no |language=no}}</ref> == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == An haifi Koné a [[Ivory Coast]], amma ya wakilci [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Burkina Faso|Burkina Faso]] a ƙasashen waje, inda ya buga wasanni 13 kuma ya zira kwallaye huɗu a gare su. <ref name="NFT">{{NFT player|7739}}</ref> <ref name="mediafax">{{Cite web |date=8 January 2010 |title=FOCUS: Cinci fotbaliști din Liga I au fost selecționați pentru Cupa Africii pe Națiuni 2010 |trans-title=FOCUS: Five footballers from Liga I were selected for the 2010 Africa Cup of Nations |url=https://www.mediafax.ro/sport/focus-cinci-fotbalisti-din-liga-i-au-fost-selectionati-pentru-cupa-africii-pe-natiuni-2010-5289509 |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Mediafax.ro |language=ro}}</ref> Ya fara buga wasa a ranar 30 ga Mayu 2004 a ƙarƙashin koci Ivica Todorov a wasan sada zumunci da [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Libya|Libya]] inda ya fara cin kwallaye. <ref name="NFT" /> Wasansa na gaba ya kasance a wasan da Jamhuriyar Congo ta sha kashi da ci 3-2 a hannun [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta DR Congo|DR Congo]] a wasannin share fagen shiga gasar cin kofin duniya na 2006, kuma wasansa na uku shi ne wanda ya yi nasara da ci 1-0 a kan Senegal a lokacin wasannin share fagen shiga gasar cin kofin Afirka na 2008. <ref name="NFT" /> Ya buga wasanni shida a wasannin share fagen shiga gasar cin kofin duniya na 2010, inda ya zira kwallaye biyu a wasan da Tunisia ta yi da ci 2-1 a waje da kuma kwallo daya a wasan da suka yi da [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Seychelles|Seychelles]] . <ref name="NFT" /> Koci Paulo Duarte ya zaɓi Koné don ya kasance cikin tawagar 'yan wasan da suka fafata a gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 2010, inda ya yi amfani da shi a wasan da suka tashi babu ci da [[Ƙungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar Ivory Coast|Ivory Coast]] da kuma rashin nasara a hannun [[Hukumar kwallon kafa ta kasa a Ghana|Ghana]], yayin da ''Stallions'' suka kasa samun nasara daga rukuninsu. <ref name="NFT" /> <ref name="mediafax" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 January 2010 |title=Ivory Coast 0-0 Burkina Faso |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/africa/8452028.stm |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Bbc.co.uk |language=en}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |date=19 January 2010 |title=Africa Cup of Nations: Burkina Faso 0-1 Ghana - as it happened |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2010/jan/19/africa-cup-nations-burkina-faso-ghana-live |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Theguardian.com |language=en}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |date=12 January 2010 |title=Ivory Coast in disappointing draw |url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/sport/2010-01-12-ivory-coast-in-disappointing-draw/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Timeslive.co.za |language=en}}</ref> == Ƙididdigar aiki == === Kulob === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Appearances and goals by club, season and competition<ref name="NFT">{{NFT player|7739}}</ref><ref name="RBK">{{Cite web |date=26 June 2008 |title=Koné klar for Cluj |trans-title=Koné ready for Cluj |url=https://www.rbkweb.no/vis/6146 |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Rbkweb.no |language=ro}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.rbkweb.no/vis/6146 "Koné klar for Cluj"] &#x5B;Koné ready for Cluj&#x5D; (in Romanian). Rbkweb.no. 26 June 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2025</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Romanian-language sources (ro)]]</ref> ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! rowspan="2" |Division ! colspan="2" |League ! colspan="2" |Cup ! colspan="2" |Continental ! colspan="2" |Super Cup ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- |Qingdao Hailifeng |Chinese Super League |2004 |16 |1 | colspan="2" |– | colspan="2" |– | colspan="2" |– |16 |1 |- | rowspan="5" |Rosenborg | rowspan="4" |Tippeligaen |2005 | colspan="2" |– | colspan="2" |– |2 |0 | colspan="2" |– |2 |0 |- |2006 |16 |3 |3 |0 | colspan="2" |– | colspan="2" |– |18 |3 |- |2007 |19 |9 |1 |2 |12 |9 | colspan="2" |– |32 |20 |- |2008 |9 |4 |1 |0 |3 |3 | colspan="2" |– |13 |7 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !44 !16 !5 !2 !17 !12 ! colspan="2" |– !66 !30 |- | rowspan="4" |CFR Cluj | rowspan="3" |Liga I |2008–09 |28 |10 |3 |0 |6 |2 | colspan="2" |– |37 |12 |- |2009–10 |21 |6 |2 |1 |5 |1 |1 |0 |29 |8 |- |2010–11 |2 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |3 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !51 !16 !5 !1 !11 !3 !1 !0 !68 !20 |- | rowspan="2" |Vålerenga | rowspan="2" |Tippeligaen |2011 |11 |1 |2 |1 |4<ref group="lower-alpha" name="UEL" /> |0 | colspan="2" |– |17 |2 |- |2012 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |0 |0 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !122 !34 !12 !4 !32 !15 !1 !0 !167 !53 |} {{Notelist}} {| class="wikitable sortable" |+Jerin kwallayen da Yssouf Koné ya zura a wasannin kasa da kasa <ref name="NFT">{{NFT player|7739}}</ref> ! scope="col" | A'a. ! scope="col" | Kwanan wata ! scope="col" | Wuri ! scope="col" | Abokin hamayya ! scope="col" | Ci ! scope="col" | Sakamako ! scope="col" | Gasar ! class="unsortable" scope="col" | {{Abbr|Ref.|Reference}} |- | style="text-align:center" | 1 | 30 May 2004 | Stade du 4 Août, [[Ouagadougou]], Burkina Faso |{{Fb|Libya|1977}} | style="text-align:center" | 1–0 | style="text-align:center" | 3–2 | Aboki | |- | style="text-align:center" | 2 | rowspan="2" | 1 June 2008 | rowspan="2" | Hammadi Agrebi Stadium, [[Tunis]], Tunisia | rowspan="2" |{{Fb|TUN}} | style="text-align:center" | 1–1 | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center" | 2–1 | rowspan="2" | Gasar cin Kofin Duniya ta FIFA ta 2010 | |- | style="text-align:center" | 3 | style="text-align:center" | 2–1 | <ref name="NFT3" /> |- | style="text-align:center" | 4 | 21 June 2008 | Stade du 4 Août, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso |{{Fb|SEY}} | style="text-align:center" | 4–1 | style="text-align:center" | 4–1 | Gasar cin Kofin Duniya ta FIFA ta 2010 | |} == Daraja == '''Raja Casablanca''' * Botola : 2003–04 <ref name="NFT">{{NFT player|7739}}</ref> * Kofin Kurzawa na Morocco : 2004–05 <ref name="NFT" /> '''Rosenborg''' * Tippeligaen: 2006<ref name="NFT">{{NFT player|7739}}</ref> * Intertoto Cup: 2008<ref name="RSSSF">{{Cite web |title=Intertoto Cup 2008. |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesu/uic08.html |access-date=17 December 2025 |publisher=[[RSSSF]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.rsssf.org/tablesu/uic08.html "Intertoto Cup 2008"]. [[RSSSF]]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 December</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> '''CFR Cluj''' == Nassoshi == == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * Yssouf Koné at WorldFootball.net * Yssouf Koné at BeSoccer {{Burkina Faso Squad 2010 Africa Cup of Nations}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1982]] db3gylsrnyn8mb589nxpvkzy1u7qu70 878915 878904 2026-07-08T10:48:28Z Abdurra'uf 23412 saka sashe 878915 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Yssouf Koné''' (an haife shi a ranar 19 ga Fabrairu 1982) tsohon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon]] ƙafa ne wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba . An haife shi a Ivory Coast, ya wakilci Burkina Faso a matakin ƙasa da ƙasa. == Aikin kulob == === Farkon aikina === An haifi Koné a ranar 19 ga Fabrairu, 1982 a Korhogo, Ivory Coast, kuma ya fara buga ƙwallon ƙafa a matakin manya a shekarar 2002 a ƙungiyar Raja Casablanca ta ƙasar Morocco, inda ya lashe gasar Botola ta 2003-04 . <ref name="NFT">{{NFT player|7739}}</ref> <ref name="RSA">{{Cite web |date=29 January 2011 |title=Yssouf Kone a semnat un contract pe trei ani cu Valerenga |trans-title=Yssouf Kone signs three-year contract with Valerenga |url=https://www.romaniansoccer.ro/stiri/22546/yssouf-kone-a-semnat-un-contract-pe-trei-ani-cu-valerenga.htm |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=RomanianSoccer.ro |language=Romanian}}</ref> A shekarar 2004 ya yi wasa a Qingdao Hailifeng, inda ya buga wasanni 16 kuma ya zura kwallaye sau ɗaya a gasar Super League ta ƙasar Sin . <ref name="RS" /> <ref name="NFT" /> <ref name="RSA" /> Bayan haka ya dawo Raja, inda ya lashe Kofin Sarauta na Morocco na 2004-05. <ref name="RS" /> <ref name="NFT" /> <ref name="RSA" /> A shekarar 2005 ya je ya buga wa ƙungiyar Olympic Safi, wadda ita ma a ƙasar Morocco ce. <ref name="RS" /> <ref name="NFT" /> <ref name="RSA" /> === Rosenborg === A shekara ta 2006, Koné ya sanya hannu da Rosenborg, inda ya fara buga gasar Turai ta hanyar buga wasanni biyu a jere da Zenit Saint Petersburg ta sha kashi a hannun Zenit Saint Petersburg a zagaye na 32 na gasar cin kofin UEFA ta 2005-06 . <ref name="NFT">{{NFT player|7739}}</ref> <ref name="RSA">{{Cite web |date=29 January 2011 |title=Yssouf Kone a semnat un contract pe trei ani cu Valerenga |trans-title=Yssouf Kone signs three-year contract with Valerenga |url=https://www.romaniansoccer.ro/stiri/22546/yssouf-kone-a-semnat-un-contract-pe-trei-ani-cu-valerenga.htm |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=RomanianSoccer.ro |language=Romanian}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.romaniansoccer.ro/stiri/22546/yssouf-kone-a-semnat-un-contract-pe-trei-ani-cu-valerenga.htm "Yssouf Kone a semnat un contract pe trei ani cu Valerenga"] &#x5B;Yssouf Kone signs three-year contract with Valerenga&#x5D; (in Romanian). RomanianSoccer.ro. 29 January 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2025</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Romanian-language sources (ro)]]</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Yssouf Koné. UEFA Cup 2005/2006 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe5562/yssouf-kone/co132/uefa-europa-league/se4151/2005-2006/club-matches/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}</ref> Ya fara buga Tippeligaen a ranar 9 ga Afrilu, 2006 lokacin da kocin Per-Mathias Høgmo ya tura shi ya maye gurbin Thorstein Helstad a minti na 68 na wasan da suka tashi 3-3 da Lillestrøm . <ref name="WF">{{Cite web |title=Yssouf Koné. Tippeligaen 2006 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe5562/yssouf-kone/co129/norway-eliteserien/se4255/2006/club-matches/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Lillestrøm SK - Rosenborg BK 3:3 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/match-report/ma1972776/lineup/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}</ref> Koné ya zura kwallonsa ta farko a ranar 23 ga Yuli a wasan da suka sha kashi a hannun IK Start da ci 2-1. <ref name="WF" /> Ya zura kwallaye uku jimilla a wasanni 16 har zuwa karshen kakar wasa, yayin da kungiyar ta lashe gasar. <ref name="RS" /> <ref name="NFT" /> <ref name="WF" /> Koné started to play more often in the following season as Daniel Braaten was sold to Bolton Wanderers.<ref name="RBK">{{Cite web |date=26 June 2008 |title=Koné klar for Cluj |trans-title=Koné ready for Cluj |url=https://www.rbkweb.no/vis/6146 |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Rbkweb.no |language=ro}}</ref> He helped ''The Troll Children'' eliminate Zhenis and Tampere United in the 2007–08 Champions League qualifying rounds, netting four goals against the first and two against the latter.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Yssouf Koné. Champions League Qualifiers 2007/2008 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe5562/yssouf-kone/co562/uefa-champions-league-qual/se5131/2007-2008/club-matches/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}</ref> Thus the club reached the group stage where he played in all six games, starting with a 1–1 home draw against [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]], and scored two goals in a win over [[Valencia CF|Valencia]] and a loss to Schalke 04.<ref name="RS" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Yssouf Koné. Champions League 2007/2008 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe5562/yssouf-kone/co19/uefa-champions-league/se19/2007-2008/club-matches/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}</ref> As they finished third in the group, the team qualified to the UEFA Cup round of 32, where they were defeated 3–1 on aggregate by Fiorentina, Koné netting his side's goal.<ref name="RS" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Champions League 2007/2008. Group B |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/competition/ro66/md0/results-and-standings/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |title=Yssouf Koné. UEFA Cup 2007/2008 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe5562/yssouf-kone/co132/uefa-europa-league/se5313/2007-2008/club-matches/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}</ref> Subsequently, he helped Rosenborg win the 2008 Intertoto Cup, eliminating Ekranas, against whom he scored three goals, and NAC Breda.<ref name="RS" /><ref name="RSSSF">{{Cite web |title=Intertoto Cup 2008. |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesu/uic08.html |access-date=17 December 2025 |publisher=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Yssouf Koné. Intertoto Cup 2008 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe5562/yssouf-kone/co133/uefa-ui-cup/se131/2008-2009/club-matches/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}</ref> Koné was transferred from Rosenborg to CFR Cluj for €600,000 in the summer of 2008.<ref name="RSA">{{Cite web |date=29 January 2011 |title=Yssouf Kone a semnat un contract pe trei ani cu Valerenga |trans-title=Yssouf Kone signs three-year contract with Valerenga |url=https://www.romaniansoccer.ro/stiri/22546/yssouf-kone-a-semnat-un-contract-pe-trei-ani-cu-valerenga.htm |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=RomanianSoccer.ro |language=Romanian}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.romaniansoccer.ro/stiri/22546/yssouf-kone-a-semnat-un-contract-pe-trei-ani-cu-valerenga.htm "Yssouf Kone a semnat un contract pe trei ani cu Valerenga"] &#x5B;Yssouf Kone signs three-year contract with Valerenga&#x5D; (in Romanian). RomanianSoccer.ro. 29 January 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2025</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Romanian-language sources (ro)]]</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=29 July 2008 |title=Yssouf Kone va juca la CFR Cluj |trans-title=Yssouf Kone will play for CFR Cluj |url=https://www.prosport.ro/fotbal-intern/liga-1/yssouf-kone-va-juca-la-cfr-cluj-2831063 |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Prosport.ro |language=Romanian}}</ref> He made his Liga I debut on 24 August 2008 under coach Ioan Andone in a 2–1 away loss to FC Vaslui.<ref name="RS" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=24 August 2008 |title=Vaslui 2-1 CFR Cluj(Burdujan x2/Cadu) |url=https://www.sport.ro/liga-1/ora-19-00-vaslui-cfr-live-text-pe-www-sport-ro.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Sport.ro |language=ro}}</ref> He netted his first goals in the competition on 21 September, managing a brace in 3–0 home victory against Farul Constanța.<ref name="RS" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=21 September 2008 |title=CFR Cluj 3-0 Farul Constanta(Kone x2, Dubardier) |url=https://www.sport.ro/liga-1/acum-cfr-cluj-0-0-farul-constanta.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Sport.ro |language=ro}}</ref> Until the end of the season, he scored a personal record of 10 league goals, including four in 1–0 wins over Dinamo București, Unirea Urziceni, Gloria Buzău and Politehnica Iași.<ref name="RS" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=17 October 2008 |title=CFR-ul revine in lupta pentru titlu: 1-0 cu Dinamo! CUM COMENTEZI? |trans-title=CFR returns to the title fight: 1-0 with Dinamo! WHAT DO YOU COMMENT ON? |url=https://www.sport.ro/liga-1/cfr-ul-revine-in-lupta-pentru-titlu-1-0-cu-dinamo-cum-comentezi.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Sport.ro |language=ro}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |date=31 October 2008 |title=CFR, gata de Bordeaux! CFR 1-0 Unirea Urziceni! Comenteaza aici! |trans-title=CFR, ready for Bordeaux! CFR 1-0 Unirea Urziceni! Comment here! |url=https://www.sport.ro/liga-1/17-00-cfr-cluj-unirea-urziceni.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Sport.ro |language=ro}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |date=7 March 2009 |title=Kone le-a umflat Buzau'! Gloria Buzau 0-1 CFR Cluj! |trans-title=Kone blew them away in Buzau! Gloria Buzau 0-1 CFR Cluj! |url=https://www.sport.ro/liga-1/18-00-live-text-pe-www-sport-ro-gloria-buzau-0-0-cfr-cluj.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Sport.ro |language=ro}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |date=7 April 2009 |title=Acelasi joc, alt antrenor: Poli Iasi 0-1 CFR Cluj (Kone '79) |trans-title=Same game, different coach: Poli Iasi 0-1 CFR Cluj (Kone '79) |url=https://www.sport.ro/liga-1/acelasi-joc-alt-antrenor-poli-iasi-0-1-cfr-cluj-kone-79.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Sport.ro |language=ro}}</ref> Koné made six appearances in the 2008–09 Champions League group stage with ''The Railway Men''.<ref name="RS" /> In the first match, they earned a historical 2–1 victory at Stadio Olimpico against AS Roma, and in the last two, Koné scored once in losses to each of Roma and [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]].<ref name="RS" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Yssouf Koné. Champions League 2008/2009 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe5562/yssouf-kone/co19/uefa-champions-league/se625/2008-2009/club-matches/ |access-date=17 December 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |date=26 November 2020 |title=Primari, antrenori, preoți! Ce fac acum jucătorii CFR-ului care au învins Roma pe Olimpico |trans-title=Mayors, coaches, priests! What are the CFR players who beat Roma at the Olimpico doing now? |url=https://www.fanatik.ro/primari-antrenori-preoti-ce-fac-acum-jucatorii-cfr-ului-care-au-invins-roma-pe-olimpico-19367905 |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Fanatik.ro |language=ro}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |date=16 September 2008 |title=FINAL AS Roma - CFR Cluj 1-2 Victorie incredibila: Culio cucereste Roma! |trans-title=FINAL AS Roma - CFR Cluj 1-2 Incredible victory: Culio conquers Rome! |url=https://sport.hotnews.ro/stiri-fotbal-4388501-final-roma-cfr-cluj-1-2-victorie-incredibila-culio-cucereste-roma.htm |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Hotnews.ro |language=ro}}</ref> He finished the season by helping the team win the Cupa României, coach Toni Conceição using him the entire match in the 3–0 win over Politehnica Timișoara in the final.<ref name="RS" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Romanian Cup – Season 2008–2009 |url=https://www.romaniansoccer.ro/romanian_cup/2008_2009.shtml |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=RomanianSoccer}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |date=13 June 2009 |title=Cupa ramane la Cluj! CFR 3-0 Timisoara! (Deac '6, Peralta '28, Culio '53) |trans-title=The cup remains in Cluj! CFR 3-0 Timisoara! (Deac '6, Peralta '28, Culio '53) |url=https://www.sport.ro/cupa-romaniei/cupa-ramane-la-cluj-cfr-3-0-timisoara-deac-6-peralta-28-culio-53.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Sport.ro |language=Romanian}}</ref> Koné ya fara kakar wasa ta gaba ta hanyar lashe gasar Supercupa României ta 2009, yayin da koci Conceição ya tura shi a minti na 81 don maye gurbin Diego Ruiz a wasan bugun fanareti da Unirea Urziceni. <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 July 2009 |title=CFR Cluj a castigat Supercupa Romaniei: Unirea 1-1 CFR (3-4 d.p) |trans-title=CFR Cluj won the Romanian Supercup: Unirea 1-1 CFR (3-4 d.p.) |url=https://www.sport.ro/liga-1/cfr-cluj-a-castigat-supercupa-romaniei-unirea-1-1-cfr-3-4-d-p.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Sport.ro |language=ro}}</ref> Kwallon da ya ci da bugun fenariti bayan ya yi amfani da bugun fenariti daga Sebastián Dubarbier a wasan da suka doke FK Sarajevo da ci 2-1 a wasan share fage na gasar Europa League ta 2009-10 ta tabbatar da cancantar shiga matakin rukuni, inda ya buga wasanni uku. <ref name="RS" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 August 2009 |title=CFR, in grupele Europa League! CFR Cluj 2-1 FK Sarajevo! |trans-title=CFR, in the Europa League groups! CFR Cluj 2-1 FK Sarajevo! |url=https://www.sport.ro/europa-league/19-30-cfr-cluj-sarajevo-vezi-echipele-de-start.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Sport.ro |language=ro}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |title=Yssouf Koné. Europa League Qualifiers 2009/2010 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe5562/yssouf-kone/co563/uefa-europa-league-qual/se1427/2009-2010/club-matches/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |title=Yssouf Koné. Europa League 2009/2010 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe5562/yssouf-kone/co132/uefa-europa-league/se1428/2009-2010/club-matches/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}</ref> Ya zura kwallonsa ta farko a gasar a wasan da suka tashi 2-2 da Steaua București, daga baya ya zura kwallaye biyu a wasan da suka doke Ceahlăul Piatra Neamț da ci 2-0. <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 August 2009 |title=CFR pune capat victoriilor Stelei! Steaua 2-2 CFR Cluj! |trans-title=CFR puts an end to Steaua's victories! Steaua 2-2 CFR Cluj! |url=https://www.sport.ro/liga-1/steaua-2.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Sport.ro |language=ro}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |date=12 December 2009 |title=CFR Cluj învinge cu 2-0 pe Ceahlăul și urcă pe primul loc |trans-title=CFR Cluj defeats Ceahlău 2-0 and climbs to first place |url=https://www.gsp.ro/fotbal/liga-1/cfr-cluj-invinge-cu-2-0-pe-ceahlaul-si-urca-pe-primul-loc-167468.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Gsp.ro |language=ro}}</ref> Koné ya bayar da gudummawa da jimillar kwallaye shida a wasanni 21 karkashin koci Conceição da Andrea Mandorlini, yayin da kungiyar ta lashe gasar. <ref name="RS" /> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Romania National Champions |url=https://www.romaniansoccer.ro/menu_items/champions.shtml |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=RomanianSoccer}}</ref> Ya kuma lashe wani Cupa României da CFR, inda ya zura kwallo da ta taimaka musu su wuce Dinamo a wasan kusa da na karshe, sannan koci Mandorlini ya yi amfani da shi a matsayin wanda zai fara wasan a wasan da suka doke FC Vaslui a bugun fenariti a wasan karshe . <ref name="RS" /> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Romanian Cup – Season 2009–2010 |url=https://www.romaniansoccer.ro/romanian_cup/2009_2010.shtml |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=RomanianSoccer}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |date=24 March 2010 |title=Finala din semifinale! Dinamo – CFR 1-1 |trans-title=The semi-finals final! Dinamo – CFR 1-1 |url=https://www.prosport.ro/cupa-romaniei/finala-din-semifinale-dinamo-cfr-1-1-5772028 |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Prosport.ro |language=ro}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |date=14 April 2010 |title=CFR - Dinamo 2-1, clujenii merg în finală! |trans-title=CFR - Dinamo 2-1, the team from Cluj goes to the final! |url=https://www.gsp.ro/fotbal/cupa-romaniei/galerie-foto-cfr-dinamo-2-1-clujenii-merg-in-finala-185724.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Gsp.ro |language=ro}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |date=27 May 2010 |title=FC Vaslui - CFR Cluj 4-5. Ardelenii au câştigat Cupa României la penalty-uri |trans-title=FC Vaslui - CFR Cluj 4-5. The Transylvanians won the Romanian Cup on penalties |url=https://evz.ro/fc-vaslui-si-cfr-finaliste-cu-antrenori-pe-picior-de-plecare-895892.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Evz.ro |language=ro}}</ref> === Vålerenga === A watan Janairun 2011, Koné ya sanya hannu a ƙungiyar Vålerenga ta ƙasar Norway. <ref name="RSA">{{Cite web |date=29 January 2011 |title=Yssouf Kone a semnat un contract pe trei ani cu Valerenga |trans-title=Yssouf Kone signs three-year contract with Valerenga |url=https://www.romaniansoccer.ro/stiri/22546/yssouf-kone-a-semnat-un-contract-pe-trei-ani-cu-valerenga.htm |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=RomanianSoccer.ro |language=Romanian}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.romaniansoccer.ro/stiri/22546/yssouf-kone-a-semnat-un-contract-pe-trei-ani-cu-valerenga.htm "Yssouf Kone a semnat un contract pe trei ani cu Valerenga"] &#x5B;Yssouf Kone signs three-year contract with Valerenga&#x5D; (in Romanian). RomanianSoccer.ro. 29 January 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2025</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Romanian-language sources (ro)]]</ref> Ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar ta doke Mika a zagaye na biyu na cancantar shiga gasar Europa League ta 2011–12, inda PAOK ta fitar da shi a zagaye na gaba. <ref name="RS" /> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Yssouf Koné. Europa League Qualifiers 2011/2012 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe5562/yssouf-kone/co563/uefa-europa-league-qual/se7234/2011-2012/club-matches/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}</ref> Ya zura musu ƙwallonsa ta farko a ranar 2 ga Yulin 2011 a wasan da suka tashi 2-2 da Strømsgodset . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Yssouf Koné. Tippeligaen 2011 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe5562/yssouf-kone/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga Janairun 2013, kwangilarsa da Vålerenga ta ƙare bisa amincewar juna. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Vålerenga avsluttet ekteskapet med Koné |url=http://www.dittoslo.no/indre-by/sport-indre-by/valerenga-avsluttet-ekteskapet-med-kone-1.7743198 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808043926/http://www.dittoslo.no/indre-by/sport-indre-by/valerenga-avsluttet-ekteskapet-med-kone-1.7743198 |archive-date=8 August 2014 |access-date=30 July 2014 |publisher=Dittoslo.no |language=no}}</ref> == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == An haifi Koné a [[Ivory Coast]], amma ya wakilci [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Burkina Faso|Burkina Faso]] a ƙasashen waje, inda ya buga wasanni 13 kuma ya zira kwallaye huɗu a gare su. <ref name="NFT">{{NFT player|7739}}</ref> <ref name="mediafax">{{Cite web |date=8 January 2010 |title=FOCUS: Cinci fotbaliști din Liga I au fost selecționați pentru Cupa Africii pe Națiuni 2010 |trans-title=FOCUS: Five footballers from Liga I were selected for the 2010 Africa Cup of Nations |url=https://www.mediafax.ro/sport/focus-cinci-fotbalisti-din-liga-i-au-fost-selectionati-pentru-cupa-africii-pe-natiuni-2010-5289509 |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Mediafax.ro |language=ro}}</ref> Ya fara buga wasa a ranar 30 ga Mayu 2004 a ƙarƙashin koci Ivica Todorov a wasan sada zumunci da [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Libya|Libya]] inda ya fara cin kwallaye. <ref name="NFT" /> Wasansa na gaba ya kasance a wasan da Jamhuriyar Congo ta sha kashi da ci 3-2 a hannun [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta DR Congo|DR Congo]] a wasannin share fagen shiga gasar cin kofin duniya na 2006, kuma wasansa na uku shi ne wanda ya yi nasara da ci 1-0 a kan Senegal a lokacin wasannin share fagen shiga gasar cin kofin Afirka na 2008. <ref name="NFT" /> Ya buga wasanni shida a wasannin share fagen shiga gasar cin kofin duniya na 2010, inda ya zira kwallaye biyu a wasan da Tunisia ta yi da ci 2-1 a waje da kuma kwallo daya a wasan da suka yi da [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Seychelles|Seychelles]] . <ref name="NFT" /> Koci Paulo Duarte ya zaɓi Koné don ya kasance cikin tawagar 'yan wasan da suka fafata a gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 2010, inda ya yi amfani da shi a wasan da suka tashi babu ci da [[Ƙungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar Ivory Coast|Ivory Coast]] da kuma rashin nasara a hannun [[Hukumar kwallon kafa ta kasa a Ghana|Ghana]], yayin da ''Stallions'' suka kasa samun nasara daga rukuninsu. <ref name="NFT" /> <ref name="mediafax" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 January 2010 |title=Ivory Coast 0-0 Burkina Faso |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/africa/8452028.stm |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Bbc.co.uk |language=en}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |date=19 January 2010 |title=Africa Cup of Nations: Burkina Faso 0-1 Ghana - as it happened |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2010/jan/19/africa-cup-nations-burkina-faso-ghana-live |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Theguardian.com |language=en}}<br /><br />{{Cite web |date=12 January 2010 |title=Ivory Coast in disappointing draw |url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/sport/2010-01-12-ivory-coast-in-disappointing-draw/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Timeslive.co.za |language=en}}</ref> == Ƙididdigar aiki == === Kulob === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Appearances and goals by club, season and competition<ref name="NFT">{{NFT player|7739}}</ref><ref name="RBK">{{Cite web |date=26 June 2008 |title=Koné klar for Cluj |trans-title=Koné ready for Cluj |url=https://www.rbkweb.no/vis/6146 |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=Rbkweb.no |language=ro}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.rbkweb.no/vis/6146 "Koné klar for Cluj"] &#x5B;Koné ready for Cluj&#x5D; (in Romanian). Rbkweb.no. 26 June 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2025</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Romanian-language sources (ro)]]</ref> ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! rowspan="2" |Division ! colspan="2" |League ! colspan="2" |Cup ! colspan="2" |Continental ! colspan="2" |Super Cup ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- |Qingdao Hailifeng |Chinese Super League |2004 |16 |1 | colspan="2" |– | colspan="2" |– | colspan="2" |– |16 |1 |- | rowspan="5" |Rosenborg | rowspan="4" |Tippeligaen |2005 | colspan="2" |– | colspan="2" |– |2 |0 | colspan="2" |– |2 |0 |- |2006 |16 |3 |3 |0 | colspan="2" |– | colspan="2" |– |18 |3 |- |2007 |19 |9 |1 |2 |12 |9 | colspan="2" |– |32 |20 |- |2008 |9 |4 |1 |0 |3 |3 | colspan="2" |– |13 |7 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !44 !16 !5 !2 !17 !12 ! colspan="2" |– !66 !30 |- | rowspan="4" |CFR Cluj | rowspan="3" |Liga I |2008–09 |28 |10 |3 |0 |6 |2 | colspan="2" |– |37 |12 |- |2009–10 |21 |6 |2 |1 |5 |1 |1 |0 |29 |8 |- |2010–11 |2 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |3 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !51 !16 !5 !1 !11 !3 !1 !0 !68 !20 |- | rowspan="2" |Vålerenga | rowspan="2" |Tippeligaen |2011 |11 |1 |2 |1 |4<ref group="lower-alpha" name="UEL" /> |0 | colspan="2" |– |17 |2 |- |2012 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |0 |0 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !122 !34 !12 !4 !32 !15 !1 !0 !167 !53 |} {{Notelist}} {| class="wikitable sortable" |+Jerin kwallayen da Yssouf Koné ya zura a wasannin kasa da kasa <ref name="NFT">{{NFT player|7739}}</ref> ! scope="col" | A'a. ! scope="col" | Kwanan wata ! scope="col" | Wuri ! scope="col" | Abokin hamayya ! scope="col" | Ci ! scope="col" | Sakamako ! scope="col" | Gasar ! class="unsortable" scope="col" | {{Abbr|Ref.|Reference}} |- | style="text-align:center" | 1 | 30 May 2004 | Stade du 4 Août, [[Ouagadougou]], Burkina Faso |{{Fb|Libya|1977}} | style="text-align:center" | 1–0 | style="text-align:center" | 3–2 | Aboki | |- | style="text-align:center" | 2 | rowspan="2" | 1 June 2008 | rowspan="2" | Hammadi Agrebi Stadium, [[Tunis]], Tunisia | rowspan="2" |{{Fb|TUN}} | style="text-align:center" | 1–1 | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center" | 2–1 | rowspan="2" | Gasar cin Kofin Duniya ta FIFA ta 2010 | |- | style="text-align:center" | 3 | style="text-align:center" | 2–1 | <ref name="NFT3" /> |- | style="text-align:center" | 4 | 21 June 2008 | Stade du 4 Août, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso |{{Fb|SEY}} | style="text-align:center" | 4–1 | style="text-align:center" | 4–1 | Gasar cin Kofin Duniya ta FIFA ta 2010 | |} == Daraja == '''Raja Casablanca''' * Botola : 2003–04 <ref name="NFT">{{NFT player|7739}}</ref> * Kofin Kurzawa na Morocco : 2004–05 <ref name="NFT" /> '''Rosenborg''' * Tippeligaen: 2006<ref name="NFT">{{NFT player|7739}}</ref> * Intertoto Cup: 2008<ref name="RSSSF">{{Cite web |title=Intertoto Cup 2008. |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesu/uic08.html |access-date=17 December 2025 |publisher=[[RSSSF]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.rsssf.org/tablesu/uic08.html "Intertoto Cup 2008"]. [[RSSSF]]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 December</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> '''CFR Cluj''' == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * Yssouf Koné at WorldFootball.net * Yssouf Koné at BeSoccer {{Burkina Faso Squad 2010 Africa Cup of Nations}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1982]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} h65r4qhyog2p64j3v00pyrhw6rweuf6 0 161080 878905 2026-07-08T10:38:39Z Abdurra'uf 23412 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1362162828|Matteo Sioli]]" 878905 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Matteo Sioli''' (an haife shi a ranar 1 ga Oktoba 2005) ɗan wasan tsalle-tsalle ne na Italiya. Ya lashe Gasar Cin Kofin Cikin Gida ta Italiya kuma ya lashe lambar tagulla a Gasar Cin Kofin Cikin Gida ta Turai a 2025. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Matteo Sioli |url=https://worldathletics.org/athletes/italy/matteo-sioli-15010318 |access-date=23 Feb 2015 |website=World Athletics}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == Ya fito ne daga Paderno Dugnano a birnin Milan, Lombardy, kuma Felice Delani ne ke horar da shi. Shi memba ne na Paderno Dugnano na Euroatletica 2002. Ya kammala na shida a gasar cin kofin Turai ta 'yan kasa da shekara 2023 da aka yi a [[Jerusalem|birnin Jerusalem]] a watan Yulin 2023. <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 December 2024 |title=Athletics, the future of the Italian high jump and beyond at UdinJump 2025 |url=https://www.ilpais.it/2024/12/18/atletica-il-futuro-del-salto-in-alto-azzurro-e-non-solo-a-udinjump-2025/ |access-date=23 Feb 2025 |website=Ilpais}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 March 2025 |title=Paderno Dugnano, Sioli wins bronze at the European Championships |url=https://www.nordmilano24.it/2025/03/10/paderno-dugnano-sioli-conquista-il-bronzo-agli-europei/#goog_rewarded |access-date=22 April 2025 |website=Nordmilano24.it |language=Italian}}</ref> Ya zama zakaran Junior na Italiya a waje da kuma a cikin gida, kuma ya kafa sabon mafi kyawun tsayi na mita 2.21 a watan Yunin 2024. <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 June 2024 |title=Sioli Takes Off: 2.21 (2nd Junior in the World 2024) |url=https://www.fidal-lombardia.it/index.php/news/gare/lo-junior-sioli-decolla-2-21-ad-arco |access-date=23 Feb 2025 |website=Fidal.Lonbardia}}</ref> Ya lashe lambar azurfa a tsalle mai tsayi a gasar cin kofin duniya ta 'yan kasa da shekara 2024, a [[Lima]], Peru, a watan Agustan 2024, tare da sabon mafi kyawun tsere na mita 2.23. <ref>{{Cite web |date=31 August 2024 |title=Paderno Dugnano, Matteo Sioli medaglia d'argento ai Mondiali U20 |url=https://www.nordmilano24.it/2024/08/31/paderno-dugnano-matteo-sioli-medaglia-dargento-ai-mondiali-u20/ |access-date=23 Feb 2025 |website=Nordmilano24.it}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 31, 2024 |title=Matteo Sioli silver at the under 20 World Championships |url=https://milano.fidal.it/content/Matteo-Sioli-argento-ai-Mondiali-under-20/172502 |access-date=23 Feb 2025 |website=Fidal.it}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 December 2024 |title=Athletics, Matteo Sioli flies to Parma: 2.25 and U20 record in indoor high jump |url=https://www.sportface.it/atletica-leggera/atletica-matteo-sioli-vola-parma-225-record-u20-alto-indoor/2762003 |access-date=23 Feb 2025 |website=SportFace}}</ref> Ya inganta mafi kyawunsa zuwa mita 2.25 yayin da yake fafatawa a Parma, Italiya, a watan Disamba na 2024, tsalle mafi girma da wani ɗan wasa ɗan Italiya ya taɓa yi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 December 2024 |title=High Jump. Sioli Clears 2,25 at Only Nineteen Years Old |url=https://sport.quotidiano.net/en/altri-sport/salto-in-alto-sioli-supera-b8bb3af5 |access-date=23 Feb 2025 |website=Quotidiano.net}}</ref> Ya sake samun wannan tsayin, yana fafatawa a Udine, Italiya, a watan Fabrairu na 2025. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 Feb 2025 |title=Athletics Matteo Sioli on the shields in UdinJump Development Great emotions on the platform |url=https://www.zazoom.it/2025-02-07/atletica-matteo-sioli-sugli-scudi-nelludinjump-development-grandi-emozioni-in-pedana/16328428/ |access-date=23 Feb 2025 |website=Oasport.it}}</ref> Daga baya a wannan watan, ya lashe Gasar Cin Kofin Wasannin Cikin Gida ta Italiya da sabon mafi kyawun tsalle na mita 2.28, a Ancona . <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 Feb 2025 |title=Fortunato shatters world indoor 5000m race walk record in Ancona |url=https://www.european-athletics.com/news/fortunato-shatters-world-indoor-5000m-race-walk-record-in-ancona |access-date=23 Feb 2025 |website=European Athletics}}</ref> An zaɓe shi don Gasar Cin Kofin Wasannin Cikin Gida ta Turai ta 2025 a Appeldoorn, Netherlands, a watan Maris na 2025. A gasar cin Kofin, ya lashe lambar tagulla da sabon mafi kyawun tseren mita 2.29, daidai da tsallen ɗan wasan tsalle na Czech Jan Stefela wanda aka ba shi matsayi na biyu a kan ramawa, tare da duka biyun a bayan Oleh Doroshchuk na Ukraine, wanda ya share mita 2.34, tare da ɗan ƙasar Sioli Manuel Lando a matsayi na huɗu da mita 2.26. <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 February 2025 |title=Europei indoor: 39 azzurri per Apeldoorn |url=https://www.fidal.it/content/Europei-indoor-39-azzurri-per-Apeldoorn/175815 |access-date=26 February 2025 |website=Fidal.it}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 March 2025 |title=European golds for Iapichino and Diaz, Sioli bronze in high jump |url=https://www.laprovinciaunicatv.it/stories/italpress-news/ori-europei-iapichino-diaz-sioli-bronzo-nel-salto-alto-o_2888462_11/ |access-date=22 April 2025 |website=laprovinciaunicatv.it}}</ref> Ya yi tseren mita 2.15 don kammala gasar a matsayi na shida a watan Mayu 2025 a gasar Doha Diamond League ta 2025. <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 May 2025 |title=Results - Doha Diamond League 2025 |url=https://www.watchathletics.com/page/6640/results-doha-diamond-league-2025 |access-date=19 May 2025 |website=Watch Athletics}}</ref> A mako mai zuwa, ya zo na takwas a gasar Metting International ta 2025 Mohammed VI d'Athlétisme de Rabat, wacce kuma wani bangare ne na gasar Diamond League ta 2025, a watan Mayu 2025. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 May 2025 |title=Results - Rabat Diamond League 2025 |url=https://www.watchathletics.com/page/6666/results-rabat-diamond-league-2025 |access-date=28 May 2025 |website=Watch Athletics}}</ref> Ya zo na biyar da tsallen mita 2.23 a gasar Diamond League a gasar Golden Gala ta 2025 da aka yi a Rome a ranar 6 ga Yuni 2025. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 June 2025 |title=Results - Rome Diamond League Golden Gala 2025 |url=https://www.watchathletics.com/page/6705/results-rome-diamond-league-golden-gala-2025#google_vignette |access-date=7 June 2025 |website=Watch Athletics}}</ref> Ya zo na biyu a tsallen tsayi a gasar European Athletics Team Championships Championships ta 2025 a Madrid a ranar 28 ga Yuni 2025. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Broadbent |first=Chris |date=28 Jun 2025 |title=Czechia's Stefela wins high jump with the highest mark outdoors in 2025 |url=https://www.european-athletics.com/home/news/czechias-stefela-wins-high-jump-with-the-highest-mark-outdoors-in-2025 |access-date=28 June 2025 |website=Eurorpean Athletics}}</ref> Ya kafa sabon mafi kyawun tseren mita 2.30 don lashe gasar European Athletics U23 Championships ta 2025 a [[Bergen]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mills |first=Steven |date=20 Jul 2025 |title=Sioli skies 2.30m lifetime best to win high jump gold in Bergen |url=https://www.european-athletics.com/home/news/sioli-clears-2-30m-high-jump-lifetime-best-to-win-gold-in-bergen |access-date=20 July 2025 |website=European Athletics}}</ref> [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2005]] luqcbs9htsjlfejo45aoijwu08jj57g 878906 878905 2026-07-08T10:39:13Z Abdurra'uf 23412 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1362162828|Matteo Sioli]]" 878906 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Matteo Sioli''' (an haife shi a ranar 1 ga Oktoba 2005) ɗan wasan tsalle-tsalle ne na Italiya. Ya lashe Gasar Cin Kofin Cikin Gida ta Italiya kuma ya lashe lambar tagulla a Gasar Cin Kofin Cikin Gida ta Turai a 2025. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Matteo Sioli |url=https://worldathletics.org/athletes/italy/matteo-sioli-15010318 |access-date=23 Feb 2015 |website=World Athletics}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == Ya fito ne daga Paderno Dugnano a birnin Milan, Lombardy, kuma Felice Delani ne ke horar da shi. Shi memba ne na Paderno Dugnano na Euroatletica 2002. Ya kammala na shida a gasar cin kofin Turai ta 'yan kasa da shekara 2023 da aka yi a [[Jerusalem|birnin Jerusalem]] a watan Yulin 2023. <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 December 2024 |title=Athletics, the future of the Italian high jump and beyond at UdinJump 2025 |url=https://www.ilpais.it/2024/12/18/atletica-il-futuro-del-salto-in-alto-azzurro-e-non-solo-a-udinjump-2025/ |access-date=23 Feb 2025 |website=Ilpais}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 March 2025 |title=Paderno Dugnano, Sioli wins bronze at the European Championships |url=https://www.nordmilano24.it/2025/03/10/paderno-dugnano-sioli-conquista-il-bronzo-agli-europei/#goog_rewarded |access-date=22 April 2025 |website=Nordmilano24.it |language=Italian}}</ref> Ya zama zakaran Junior na Italiya a waje da kuma a cikin gida, kuma ya kafa sabon mafi kyawun tsayi na mita 2.21 a watan Yunin 2024. <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 June 2024 |title=Sioli Takes Off: 2.21 (2nd Junior in the World 2024) |url=https://www.fidal-lombardia.it/index.php/news/gare/lo-junior-sioli-decolla-2-21-ad-arco |access-date=23 Feb 2025 |website=Fidal.Lonbardia}}</ref> Ya lashe lambar azurfa a tsalle mai tsayi a gasar cin kofin duniya ta 'yan kasa da shekara 2024, a [[Lima]], Peru, a watan Agustan 2024, tare da sabon mafi kyawun tsere na mita 2.23. <ref>{{Cite web |date=31 August 2024 |title=Paderno Dugnano, Matteo Sioli medaglia d'argento ai Mondiali U20 |url=https://www.nordmilano24.it/2024/08/31/paderno-dugnano-matteo-sioli-medaglia-dargento-ai-mondiali-u20/ |access-date=23 Feb 2025 |website=Nordmilano24.it}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 31, 2024 |title=Matteo Sioli silver at the under 20 World Championships |url=https://milano.fidal.it/content/Matteo-Sioli-argento-ai-Mondiali-under-20/172502 |access-date=23 Feb 2025 |website=Fidal.it}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 December 2024 |title=Athletics, Matteo Sioli flies to Parma: 2.25 and U20 record in indoor high jump |url=https://www.sportface.it/atletica-leggera/atletica-matteo-sioli-vola-parma-225-record-u20-alto-indoor/2762003 |access-date=23 Feb 2025 |website=SportFace}}</ref> Ya inganta mafi kyawunsa zuwa mita 2.25 yayin da yake fafatawa a Parma, Italiya, a watan Disamba na 2024, tsalle mafi girma da wani ɗan wasa ɗan Italiya ya taɓa yi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 December 2024 |title=High Jump. Sioli Clears 2,25 at Only Nineteen Years Old |url=https://sport.quotidiano.net/en/altri-sport/salto-in-alto-sioli-supera-b8bb3af5 |access-date=23 Feb 2025 |website=Quotidiano.net}}</ref> Ya sake samun wannan tsayin, yana fafatawa a Udine, Italiya, a watan Fabrairu na 2025. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 Feb 2025 |title=Athletics Matteo Sioli on the shields in UdinJump Development Great emotions on the platform |url=https://www.zazoom.it/2025-02-07/atletica-matteo-sioli-sugli-scudi-nelludinjump-development-grandi-emozioni-in-pedana/16328428/ |access-date=23 Feb 2025 |website=Oasport.it}}</ref> Daga baya a wannan watan, ya lashe Gasar Cin Kofin Wasannin Cikin Gida ta Italiya da sabon mafi kyawun tsalle na mita 2.28, a Ancona . <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 Feb 2025 |title=Fortunato shatters world indoor 5000m race walk record in Ancona |url=https://www.european-athletics.com/news/fortunato-shatters-world-indoor-5000m-race-walk-record-in-ancona |access-date=23 Feb 2025 |website=European Athletics}}</ref> An zaɓe shi don Gasar Cin Kofin Wasannin Cikin Gida ta Turai ta 2025 a Appeldoorn, Netherlands, a watan Maris na 2025. A gasar cin Kofin, ya lashe lambar tagulla da sabon mafi kyawun tseren mita 2.29, daidai da tsallen ɗan wasan tsalle na Czech Jan Stefela wanda aka ba shi matsayi na biyu a kan ramawa, tare da duka biyun a bayan Oleh Doroshchuk na Ukraine, wanda ya share mita 2.34, tare da ɗan ƙasar Sioli Manuel Lando a matsayi na huɗu da mita 2.26. <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 February 2025 |title=Europei indoor: 39 azzurri per Apeldoorn |url=https://www.fidal.it/content/Europei-indoor-39-azzurri-per-Apeldoorn/175815 |access-date=26 February 2025 |website=Fidal.it}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 March 2025 |title=European golds for Iapichino and Diaz, Sioli bronze in high jump |url=https://www.laprovinciaunicatv.it/stories/italpress-news/ori-europei-iapichino-diaz-sioli-bronzo-nel-salto-alto-o_2888462_11/ |access-date=22 April 2025 |website=laprovinciaunicatv.it}}</ref> Ya yi tseren mita 2.15 don kammala gasar a matsayi na shida a watan Mayu 2025 a gasar Doha Diamond League ta 2025. <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 May 2025 |title=Results - Doha Diamond League 2025 |url=https://www.watchathletics.com/page/6640/results-doha-diamond-league-2025 |access-date=19 May 2025 |website=Watch Athletics}}</ref> A mako mai zuwa, ya zo na takwas a gasar Metting International ta 2025 Mohammed VI d'Athlétisme de Rabat, wacce kuma wani bangare ne na gasar Diamond League ta 2025, a watan Mayu 2025. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 May 2025 |title=Results - Rabat Diamond League 2025 |url=https://www.watchathletics.com/page/6666/results-rabat-diamond-league-2025 |access-date=28 May 2025 |website=Watch Athletics}}</ref> Ya zo na biyar da tsallen mita 2.23 a gasar Diamond League a gasar Golden Gala ta 2025 da aka yi a Rome a ranar 6 ga Yuni 2025. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 June 2025 |title=Results - Rome Diamond League Golden Gala 2025 |url=https://www.watchathletics.com/page/6705/results-rome-diamond-league-golden-gala-2025#google_vignette |access-date=7 June 2025 |website=Watch Athletics}}</ref> Ya zo na biyu a tsallen tsayi a gasar European Athletics Team Championships Championships ta 2025 a Madrid a ranar 28 ga Yuni 2025. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Broadbent |first=Chris |date=28 Jun 2025 |title=Czechia's Stefela wins high jump with the highest mark outdoors in 2025 |url=https://www.european-athletics.com/home/news/czechias-stefela-wins-high-jump-with-the-highest-mark-outdoors-in-2025 |access-date=28 June 2025 |website=Eurorpean Athletics}}</ref> Ya kafa sabon mafi kyawun tseren mita 2.30 don lashe gasar European Athletics U23 Championships ta 2025 a [[Bergen]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mills |first=Steven |date=20 Jul 2025 |title=Sioli skies 2.30m lifetime best to win high jump gold in Bergen |url=https://www.european-athletics.com/home/news/sioli-clears-2-30m-high-jump-lifetime-best-to-win-gold-in-bergen |access-date=20 July 2025 |website=European Athletics}}</ref> In September, he cleared 2.24 metres to place joint-eighth at the 2025 World Athletics Championships in [[Tokyo]], Japan.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 September 2025 |title=World Athletics Championships, Tokyo 2025 |url=https://worldathletics.org/competition/calendar-results/results/7190593?eventId=10229615 |access-date=22 September 2025 |website=World Athletics}}</ref> In September 2025, he was nominated for the European Athletics male rising star award.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Broadbent |first=Chris |date=25 Sep 2025 |title=Nominees revealed! Vote for 2025 men's Rising Star |url=https://www.european-athletics.com/home/news/nominees-revealed-vote-for-your-2025-mens-rising-star |access-date=26 September 2025 |website=European Athletics}}</ref> A ranar 4 ga Yunin 2026 ya yi nasarar farko a gasar Diamond League a gasar Golden Gala ta 2026 da ke Rome, inda ya yi nasarar tsere da mita 2.28 don lashe gasar a gaban Erick Portillo na Mexico. A ranar 19 ga Yuni ya sake lashe gasar da mita 2.29, inda Mutaz Barshim wanda aka fi so a gida ya zo na biyu, a gasar Doha Diamond League ta 2026. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 June 2026 |title=Zapletalová and Paulino break meeting records in Doha |url=https://worldathletics.org/competitions/diamond-league/news/doha-diamond-league-zapletalova-paulino-velazco-pichardo |access-date=20 June 2026 |website=World Athletics}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mills |first=Steven |date=4 Jun 2026 |title=Third fastest European in history! Zapletalova improves to 52.58 in Rome |url=https://www.european-athletics.com/home/news/third-fastest-european-in-history-zapletalova-improves-to-52-58-in-rome |access-date=4 June 2026 |website=European Athletics}}</ref> == Lakabi na ƙasa == Sioli ta lashe gasar kasa a matakin manya . * Gasar Wasannin Cikin Gida ta Italiya ** Babban tsalle: 2025 == Nassoshi == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2005]] gpmn493jt6lvz8rmgmkqoiknsrhgeq9 878916 878906 2026-07-08T10:49:12Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 878916 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Matteo Sioli''' (an haife shi a ranar 1 ga Oktoba 2005) ɗan wasan tsalle-tsalle ne na Italiya. Ya lashe Gasar Cin Kofin Cikin Gida ta Italiya kuma ya lashe lambar tagulla a Gasar Cin Kofin Cikin Gida ta Turai a 2025. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Matteo Sioli |url=https://worldathletics.org/athletes/italy/matteo-sioli-15010318 |access-date=23 Feb 2015 |website=World Athletics}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == Ya fito ne daga Paderno Dugnano a birnin Milan, Lombardy, kuma Felice Delani ne ke horar da shi. Shi memba ne na Paderno Dugnano na Euroatletica 2002. Ya kammala na shida a gasar cin kofin Turai ta 'yan kasa da shekara 2023 da aka yi a [[Jerusalem|birnin Jerusalem]] a watan Yulin 2023. <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 December 2024 |title=Athletics, the future of the Italian high jump and beyond at UdinJump 2025 |url=https://www.ilpais.it/2024/12/18/atletica-il-futuro-del-salto-in-alto-azzurro-e-non-solo-a-udinjump-2025/ |access-date=23 Feb 2025 |website=Ilpais}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 March 2025 |title=Paderno Dugnano, Sioli wins bronze at the European Championships |url=https://www.nordmilano24.it/2025/03/10/paderno-dugnano-sioli-conquista-il-bronzo-agli-europei/#goog_rewarded |access-date=22 April 2025 |website=Nordmilano24.it |language=Italian}}</ref> Ya zama zakaran Junior na Italiya a waje da kuma a cikin gida, kuma ya kafa sabon mafi kyawun tsayi na mita 2.21 a watan Yunin 2024. <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 June 2024 |title=Sioli Takes Off: 2.21 (2nd Junior in the World 2024) |url=https://www.fidal-lombardia.it/index.php/news/gare/lo-junior-sioli-decolla-2-21-ad-arco |access-date=23 Feb 2025 |website=Fidal.Lonbardia}}</ref> Ya lashe lambar azurfa a tsalle mai tsayi a gasar cin kofin duniya ta 'yan kasa da shekara 2024, a [[Lima]], Peru, a watan Agustan 2024, tare da sabon mafi kyawun tsere na mita 2.23. <ref>{{Cite web |date=31 August 2024 |title=Paderno Dugnano, Matteo Sioli medaglia d'argento ai Mondiali U20 |url=https://www.nordmilano24.it/2024/08/31/paderno-dugnano-matteo-sioli-medaglia-dargento-ai-mondiali-u20/ |access-date=23 Feb 2025 |website=Nordmilano24.it}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 31, 2024 |title=Matteo Sioli silver at the under 20 World Championships |url=https://milano.fidal.it/content/Matteo-Sioli-argento-ai-Mondiali-under-20/172502 |access-date=23 Feb 2025 |website=Fidal.it}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 December 2024 |title=Athletics, Matteo Sioli flies to Parma: 2.25 and U20 record in indoor high jump |url=https://www.sportface.it/atletica-leggera/atletica-matteo-sioli-vola-parma-225-record-u20-alto-indoor/2762003 |access-date=23 Feb 2025 |website=SportFace}}</ref> Ya inganta mafi kyawunsa zuwa mita 2.25 yayin da yake fafatawa a Parma, Italiya, a watan Disamba na 2024, tsalle mafi girma da wani ɗan wasa ɗan Italiya ya taɓa yi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 December 2024 |title=High Jump. Sioli Clears 2,25 at Only Nineteen Years Old |url=https://sport.quotidiano.net/en/altri-sport/salto-in-alto-sioli-supera-b8bb3af5 |access-date=23 Feb 2025 |website=Quotidiano.net}}</ref> Ya sake samun wannan tsayin, yana fafatawa a Udine, Italiya, a watan Fabrairu na 2025. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 Feb 2025 |title=Athletics Matteo Sioli on the shields in UdinJump Development Great emotions on the platform |url=https://www.zazoom.it/2025-02-07/atletica-matteo-sioli-sugli-scudi-nelludinjump-development-grandi-emozioni-in-pedana/16328428/ |access-date=23 Feb 2025 |website=Oasport.it}}</ref> Daga baya a wannan watan, ya lashe Gasar Cin Kofin Wasannin Cikin Gida ta Italiya da sabon mafi kyawun tsalle na mita 2.28, a Ancona . <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 Feb 2025 |title=Fortunato shatters world indoor 5000m race walk record in Ancona |url=https://www.european-athletics.com/news/fortunato-shatters-world-indoor-5000m-race-walk-record-in-ancona |access-date=23 Feb 2025 |website=European Athletics}}</ref> An zaɓe shi don Gasar Cin Kofin Wasannin Cikin Gida ta Turai ta 2025 a Appeldoorn, Netherlands, a watan Maris na 2025. A gasar cin Kofin, ya lashe lambar tagulla da sabon mafi kyawun tseren mita 2.29, daidai da tsallen ɗan wasan tsalle na Czech Jan Stefela wanda aka ba shi matsayi na biyu a kan ramawa, tare da duka biyun a bayan Oleh Doroshchuk na Ukraine, wanda ya share mita 2.34, tare da ɗan ƙasar Sioli Manuel Lando a matsayi na huɗu da mita 2.26. <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 February 2025 |title=Europei indoor: 39 azzurri per Apeldoorn |url=https://www.fidal.it/content/Europei-indoor-39-azzurri-per-Apeldoorn/175815 |access-date=26 February 2025 |website=Fidal.it}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 March 2025 |title=European golds for Iapichino and Diaz, Sioli bronze in high jump |url=https://www.laprovinciaunicatv.it/stories/italpress-news/ori-europei-iapichino-diaz-sioli-bronzo-nel-salto-alto-o_2888462_11/ |access-date=22 April 2025 |website=laprovinciaunicatv.it}}</ref> Ya yi tseren mita 2.15 don kammala gasar a matsayi na shida a watan Mayu 2025 a gasar Doha Diamond League ta 2025. <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 May 2025 |title=Results - Doha Diamond League 2025 |url=https://www.watchathletics.com/page/6640/results-doha-diamond-league-2025 |access-date=19 May 2025 |website=Watch Athletics}}</ref> A mako mai zuwa, ya zo na takwas a gasar Metting International ta 2025 Mohammed VI d'Athlétisme de Rabat, wacce kuma wani bangare ne na gasar Diamond League ta 2025, a watan Mayu 2025. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 May 2025 |title=Results - Rabat Diamond League 2025 |url=https://www.watchathletics.com/page/6666/results-rabat-diamond-league-2025 |access-date=28 May 2025 |website=Watch Athletics}}</ref> Ya zo na biyar da tsallen mita 2.23 a gasar Diamond League a gasar Golden Gala ta 2025 da aka yi a Rome a ranar 6 ga Yuni 2025. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 June 2025 |title=Results - Rome Diamond League Golden Gala 2025 |url=https://www.watchathletics.com/page/6705/results-rome-diamond-league-golden-gala-2025#google_vignette |access-date=7 June 2025 |website=Watch Athletics}}</ref> Ya zo na biyu a tsallen tsayi a gasar European Athletics Team Championships Championships ta 2025 a Madrid a ranar 28 ga Yuni 2025. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Broadbent |first=Chris |date=28 Jun 2025 |title=Czechia's Stefela wins high jump with the highest mark outdoors in 2025 |url=https://www.european-athletics.com/home/news/czechias-stefela-wins-high-jump-with-the-highest-mark-outdoors-in-2025 |access-date=28 June 2025 |website=Eurorpean Athletics}}</ref> Ya kafa sabon mafi kyawun tseren mita 2.30 don lashe gasar European Athletics U23 Championships ta 2025 a [[Bergen]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mills |first=Steven |date=20 Jul 2025 |title=Sioli skies 2.30m lifetime best to win high jump gold in Bergen |url=https://www.european-athletics.com/home/news/sioli-clears-2-30m-high-jump-lifetime-best-to-win-gold-in-bergen |access-date=20 July 2025 |website=European Athletics}}</ref> In September, he cleared 2.24 metres to place joint-eighth at the 2025 World Athletics Championships in [[Tokyo]], Japan.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 September 2025 |title=World Athletics Championships, Tokyo 2025 |url=https://worldathletics.org/competition/calendar-results/results/7190593?eventId=10229615 |access-date=22 September 2025 |website=World Athletics}}</ref> In September 2025, he was nominated for the European Athletics male rising star award.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Broadbent |first=Chris |date=25 Sep 2025 |title=Nominees revealed! Vote for 2025 men's Rising Star |url=https://www.european-athletics.com/home/news/nominees-revealed-vote-for-your-2025-mens-rising-star |access-date=26 September 2025 |website=European Athletics}}</ref> A ranar 4 ga Yunin 2026 ya yi nasarar farko a gasar Diamond League a gasar Golden Gala ta 2026 da ke Rome, inda ya yi nasarar tsere da mita 2.28 don lashe gasar a gaban Erick Portillo na Mexico. A ranar 19 ga Yuni ya sake lashe gasar da mita 2.29, inda Mutaz Barshim wanda aka fi so a gida ya zo na biyu, a gasar Doha Diamond League ta 2026. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 June 2026 |title=Zapletalová and Paulino break meeting records in Doha |url=https://worldathletics.org/competitions/diamond-league/news/doha-diamond-league-zapletalova-paulino-velazco-pichardo |access-date=20 June 2026 |website=World Athletics}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mills |first=Steven |date=4 Jun 2026 |title=Third fastest European in history! Zapletalova improves to 52.58 in Rome |url=https://www.european-athletics.com/home/news/third-fastest-european-in-history-zapletalova-improves-to-52-58-in-rome |access-date=4 June 2026 |website=European Athletics}}</ref> == Lakabi na ƙasa == Sioli ta lashe gasar kasa a matakin manya . * Gasar Wasannin Cikin Gida ta Italiya ** Babban tsalle: 2025 == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2005]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} mow5flx998uiqukmzbczq282wogr4o7 0 161081 878907 2026-07-08T10:40:24Z Abdurra'uf 23412 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1221971943|Jessica Ciocci]]" 878907 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jessica Ciocci''' (an haife ta a shekara ta 1976) 'yar Amurka ce mai fasaha da ke aiki a fannoni daban-daban ciki har da zane-zane da bidiyo, [[Twitter]], zane-zane, ayyukan kan layi na dijital, barkwanci, mixtapes, wasan kwaikwayo, zane, zane da sassaka. Ciocci memba ne na ƙungiyar zane-zane ta Paper Rad . Ta yi baje kolin a Sabon Gidan Tarihi, Gidan Tarihi na Migros, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Yerba Buena, Ayyukan Deitch, da Foxy Production . Ta yi magana da/ko ta yi wasa a Kwalejin Bard, Kwalejin Columbia, SVA, da Kwalejin Smith . Holland Cotter, Ken Johnson da Roberta Smith sun sake duba ayyukanta a Jaridar ''[[New York Times]]'' da Ed Halter a ''Rhizome'' . Tana da digirin BA a fannin ilimin halayyar ɗan adam da fasaha daga Kwalejin Wellesley . == Nassoshi ==   [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1976]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 1xs3t6mqyynabdpsvymp3muai5zhetz 878917 878907 2026-07-08T10:50:11Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 878917 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Jessica Ciocci''' (an haife ta a shekara ta 1976) 'yar Amurka ce mai fasaha da ke aiki a fannoni daban-daban ciki har da zane-zane da bidiyo, [[Twitter]], zane-zane, ayyukan kan layi na dijital, barkwanci, mixtapes, wasan kwaikwayo, zane, zane da sassaka. Ciocci memba ne na ƙungiyar zane-zane ta Paper Rad . Ta yi baje kolin a Sabon Gidan Tarihi, Gidan Tarihi na Migros, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Yerba Buena, Ayyukan Deitch, da Foxy Production . Ta yi magana da/ko ta yi wasa a Kwalejin Bard, Kwalejin Columbia, SVA, da Kwalejin Smith . Holland Cotter, Ken Johnson da Roberta Smith sun sake duba ayyukanta a Jaridar ''[[New York Times]]'' da Ed Halter a ''Rhizome'' . Tana da digirin BA a fannin ilimin halayyar ɗan adam da fasaha daga Kwalejin Wellesley . == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1976]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] ipsk2wpvdwe04rdc6mid767l3lg0qem 0 161082 878908 2026-07-08T10:41:07Z Abdurra'uf 23412 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1350223801|Mutaz Ibrahim]]" 878908 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mutaz Ibrahim''' (an haife shi a ranar 7 ga Maris 1990 ) alkalin wasa ne na ƙwallon ƙafa na ƙasar Libya, wanda ya kasance alkalin wasa na ƙasa da ƙasa da FIFA ta lissafa tun daga shekarar 2019. <ref name="fifarefsince" /> == Sana'a == A matakin kulob, Ibrahim ya jagoranci wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin zakarun Afirka ta CAF ta 2023 tsakanin Al Ahly SC (Masar) da [[Wydad AC]] (Morocco) a [[Kairo|birnin Alkahira]] . Ibrahim ya yi alkalancin gasar cin kofin CAF ta 2024 a watan Satumbar 2024, a filin wasa na Kingdom Arena, da ke [[Riyadh]], [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] . An buga wasan tsakanin kungiyoyin Masar Al Ahly SC da Zamalek SC, inda Zamalek ta yi nasara a bugun fenariti . A gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa, an zaɓi Ibrahim a matsayin wakilin Libya a gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 17 ta 2023 a [[Indonesiya|Indonesia]], inda ya yi alkalanci a wasanni biyu na rukuni: Faransa da Koriya ta Kudu a rukunin E, da kuma nasarar da rukunin F ya samu kan Venezuela a kan New Zealand . A shekara mai zuwa, an zaɓi Ibrahim a [[Gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afrika 2023|gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta 2023]] a [[Ivory Coast]], inda ya jagoranci wasanni huɗu: na rukuni biyu, na zagaye na 16 ( Mali da Burkina Faso ), da kuma wasan kusa da na ƙarshe tsakanin 'yan ƙasar da DR Congo . A shekarar 2023, Ibrahim ya jagoranci wasanni a gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka da aka yi a [[Aljeriya|Algeria]] . Sauran gasannin kasa da kasa da Ibrahim ya buga sun hada da gasar cin kofin kasashen Afirka ta 'yan kasa da shekara 2021 a [[Muritaniya|Mauritania]] da wasannin neman cancantar shiga [[Kofin Duniya na FIFA 2022|gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 2022]] da kuma [[2026 FIFA World Cup|gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 2026.]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1990]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 1hne0jg3um7rwsm5ted3ym67lr6d0jm 878909 878908 2026-07-08T10:41:29Z Abdurra'uf 23412 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1350223801|Mutaz Ibrahim]]" 878909 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mutaz Ibrahim''' (an haife shi a ranar 7 ga Maris 1990 ) alkalin wasa ne na ƙwallon ƙafa na ƙasar Libya, wanda ya kasance alkalin wasa na ƙasa da ƙasa da FIFA ta lissafa tun daga shekarar 2019. <ref name="fifarefsince" /> == Sana'a == A matakin kulob, Ibrahim ya jagoranci wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin zakarun Afirka ta CAF ta 2023 tsakanin Al Ahly SC (Masar) da [[Wydad AC]] (Morocco) a [[Kairo|birnin Alkahira]] . Ibrahim ya yi alkalancin gasar cin kofin CAF ta 2024 a watan Satumbar 2024, a filin wasa na Kingdom Arena, da ke [[Riyadh]], [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] . An buga wasan tsakanin kungiyoyin Masar Al Ahly SC da Zamalek SC, inda Zamalek ta yi nasara a bugun fenariti . A gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa, an zaɓi Ibrahim a matsayin wakilin Libya a gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 17 ta 2023 a [[Indonesiya|Indonesia]], inda ya yi alkalanci a wasanni biyu na rukuni: Faransa da Koriya ta Kudu a rukunin E, da kuma nasarar da rukunin F ya samu kan Venezuela a kan New Zealand . A shekara mai zuwa, an zaɓi Ibrahim a [[Gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afrika 2023|gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta 2023]] a [[Ivory Coast]], inda ya jagoranci wasanni huɗu: na rukuni biyu, na zagaye na 16 ( Mali da Burkina Faso ), da kuma wasan kusa da na ƙarshe tsakanin 'yan ƙasar da DR Congo . A shekarar 2023, Ibrahim ya jagoranci wasanni a gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka da aka yi a [[Aljeriya|Algeria]] . Sauran gasannin kasa da kasa da Ibrahim ya buga sun hada da gasar cin kofin kasashen Afirka ta 'yan kasa da shekara 2021 a [[Muritaniya|Mauritania]] da wasannin neman cancantar shiga [[Kofin Duniya na FIFA 2022|gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 2022]] da kuma [[2026 FIFA World Cup|gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 2026.]] A shekarar 2024, an zaɓi Ibrahim a matsayin Alkalin wasa na maza na CAF. Daga cikin gasannin da ya buga kwanan nan akwai gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA Club World Cup ta 2025 a [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]], inda ya yi aiki a matsayin alkalin wasa. Ya yi aiki a matsayin jami'in VAR a wasan rukuni na C tsakanin [[FC Bayern Munich|Bayern Munich]] da Auckland City FC (wanda ya ƙare da ci 10-0 ga Jamusawa), da kuma wasan rukuni na H tsakanin ƙungiyar Pachuca ta Mexico da Red Bull Salzburg ta Austria, wanda ya ƙare da nasara 2-1 ga Turawa. == Nassoshi == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1990]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 1ijrtsowfmy20p701jhwfjaplm65g00 878918 878909 2026-07-08T10:51:23Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 878918 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mutaz Ibrahim''' (an haife shi a ranar 7 ga Maris 1990 ) alkalin wasa ne na ƙwallon ƙafa na ƙasar Libya, wanda ya kasance alkalin wasa na ƙasa da ƙasa da FIFA ta lissafa tun daga shekarar 2019. <ref name="fifarefsince" /> == Sana'a == A matakin kulob, Ibrahim ya jagoranci wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin zakarun Afirka ta CAF ta 2023 tsakanin Al Ahly SC (Masar) da [[Wydad AC]] (Morocco) a [[Kairo|birnin Alkahira]] . Ibrahim ya yi alkalancin gasar cin kofin CAF ta 2024 a watan Satumbar 2024, a filin wasa na Kingdom Arena, da ke [[Riyadh]], [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] . An buga wasan tsakanin kungiyoyin Masar Al Ahly SC da Zamalek SC, inda Zamalek ta yi nasara a bugun fenariti . A gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa, an zaɓi Ibrahim a matsayin wakilin Libya a gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 17 ta 2023 a [[Indonesiya|Indonesia]], inda ya yi alkalanci a wasanni biyu na rukuni: Faransa da Koriya ta Kudu a rukunin E, da kuma nasarar da rukunin F ya samu kan Venezuela a kan New Zealand . A shekara mai zuwa, an zaɓi Ibrahim a [[Gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afrika 2023|gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta 2023]] a [[Ivory Coast]], inda ya jagoranci wasanni huɗu: na rukuni biyu, na zagaye na 16 ( Mali da Burkina Faso ), da kuma wasan kusa da na ƙarshe tsakanin 'yan ƙasar da DR Congo . A shekarar 2023, Ibrahim ya jagoranci wasanni a gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka da aka yi a [[Aljeriya|Algeria]] . Sauran gasannin kasa da kasa da Ibrahim ya buga sun hada da gasar cin kofin kasashen Afirka ta 'yan kasa da shekara 2021 a [[Muritaniya|Mauritania]] da wasannin neman cancantar shiga [[Kofin Duniya na FIFA 2022|gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 2022]] da kuma [[2026 FIFA World Cup|gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 2026.]] A shekarar 2024, an zaɓi Ibrahim a matsayin Alkalin wasa na maza na CAF. Daga cikin gasannin da ya buga kwanan nan akwai gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA Club World Cup ta 2025 a [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]], inda ya yi aiki a matsayin alkalin wasa. Ya yi aiki a matsayin jami'in VAR a wasan rukuni na C tsakanin [[FC Bayern Munich|Bayern Munich]] da Auckland City FC (wanda ya ƙare da ci 10-0 ga Jamusawa), da kuma wasan rukuni na H tsakanin ƙungiyar Pachuca ta Mexico da Red Bull Salzburg ta Austria, wanda ya ƙare da nasara 2-1 ga Turawa. [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1990]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} kzh2skr76kk4275o7uedmehjo7d350d 0 161083 878922 2026-07-08T11:08:19Z Abdurra'uf 23412 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1296926236|Radmila Beresneva]]" 878922 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Radmila Beresneva''' (an haife (a ) 'yar wasan ƙwallon raga ce ta Kazakhstan. Ta kasance memba a ƙungiyar ƙwallon raga ta mata ta Kazakhstan kuma ta buga wa [[Irtysh Kazchrome]] wasa a shekarar 2014. Ta kasance cikin tawagar ƙasa ta Kazakhstan a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIVB Volleyball ta 2014 a Italiya. <ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Team Roster – Kazakhstan |url=http://italy2014.fivb.org/en/competition/teams/KAZ-Kazakhstan/team_roster |access-date=1 October 2014 |website=italy2014.fivb.org}}</ref> Ta halarci gasar Grand Prix ta FIVB Volleyball ta 2016. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Players - Kazakhstan - FIVB World Grand Prix 2016 |url=http://worldgrandprix.2016.fivb.com/en/group3/competition/teams/kaz-kazakhstan/players/radmila-beresneva?id=50805}}</ref> == Ƙungiyoyi == * {{Flagicon|Kazakhstan}} [[Irtysh Kazchrome]] (2014) == Nassoshi == <references /> [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1983]] ry0ragitmf9zxqjlayljdbzwh8uo3lj 878923 878922 2026-07-08T11:08:39Z Abdurra'uf 23412 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1296926236|Radmila Beresneva]]" 878923 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Radmila Beresneva''' (an haife (a ) 'yar wasan ƙwallon raga ce ta Kazakhstan. Ta kasance memba a ƙungiyar ƙwallon raga ta mata ta Kazakhstan kuma ta buga wa [[Irtysh Kazchrome]] wasa a shekarar 2014. Ta kasance cikin tawagar ƙasa ta Kazakhstan a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIVB Volleyball ta 2014 a Italiya. <ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Team Roster – Kazakhstan |url=http://italy2014.fivb.org/en/competition/teams/KAZ-Kazakhstan/team_roster |access-date=1 October 2014 |website=italy2014.fivb.org}}</ref> Ta halarci gasar Grand Prix ta FIVB Volleyball ta 2016. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Players - Kazakhstan - FIVB World Grand Prix 2016 |url=http://worldgrandprix.2016.fivb.com/en/group3/competition/teams/kaz-kazakhstan/players/radmila-beresneva?id=50805}}</ref> == Ƙungiyoyi == * {{Flagicon|Kazakhstan}} [[Irtysh Kazchrome]] (2014) == Nassoshi == <references /> == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * http://worldoqt.japan.2016.women.fivb.com/en/teams/kaz-kazakhstan/players/radmila-beresneva?id=50252 * http://astanatimes.com/2016/06/kazakhstan-narrowly-misses-promotion-in-womens-volleyball-world-grand-prix/ * http://www.todor66.com/volleyball/Olympics/Women_OQ_2016.html [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1983]] 7dqfm5lhz3yvhypo2rxb92m5vxdx2xu 878948 878923 2026-07-08T11:38:26Z Abdurra'uf 23412 gyara 878948 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Radmila Beresneva''' (an haife (a ) 'yar wasan ƙwallon raga ce ta Kazakhstan. Ta kasance memba a ƙungiyar ƙwallon raga ta mata ta Kazakhstan kuma ta buga wa [[Irtysh Kazchrome]] wasa a shekarar 2014. Ta kasance cikin tawagar ƙasa ta Kazakhstan a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIVB Volleyball ta 2014 a Italiya. <ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Team Roster – Kazakhstan |url=http://italy2014.fivb.org/en/competition/teams/KAZ-Kazakhstan/team_roster |access-date=1 October 2014 |website=italy2014.fivb.org}}</ref> Ta halarci gasar Grand Prix ta FIVB Volleyball ta 2016. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Players - Kazakhstan - FIVB World Grand Prix 2016 |url=http://worldgrandprix.2016.fivb.com/en/group3/competition/teams/kaz-kazakhstan/players/radmila-beresneva?id=50805}}</ref> == Ƙungiyoyi == * {{Flagicon|Kazakhstan}} [[Irtysh Kazchrome]] (2014) == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * http://worldoqt.japan.2016.women.fivb.com/en/teams/kaz-kazakhstan/players/radmila-beresneva?id=50252 * http://astanatimes.com/2016/06/kazakhstan-narrowly-misses-promotion-in-womens-volleyball-world-grand-prix/ * http://www.todor66.com/volleyball/Olympics/Women_OQ_2016.html [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1983]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} <references /> ciz6l139b1iw7z1jjh1gxod2dps305m 0 161084 878924 2026-07-08T11:09:14Z Abdurra'uf 23412 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1329556948|Alain Traoré]]" 878924 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sibiri Alain Traoré''' (an haife shi a ranar 31 ga Disamba 1988) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Burkinabe wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba a ƙungiyar Arta/Solar7, da kuma [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Burkina Faso|ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Burkina Faso]] . Ya fara aikinsa da ƙungiyar Planète Champion ta gida, kafin ya koma Faransa yana ɗan shekara 17. == Aikin kulob == Traoré ya fara aikinsa da Planète Champion a ƙasarsa ta haihuwa. Ya shahara sosai yayin da yake bugawa Burkina Faso wasa a gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 17 ta 2005, inda ya samu damar yin gwaji na wata ɗaya tare da [[Premier League|ƙungiyar]] [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] ta Ingila. Ya burge a gwaje-gwajensa, amma bai sami damar sanya hannu a kansu ba saboda matsalolin izinin aiki. Yana da zaɓin komawa ƙungiyar Belgium a matsayin aro, amma kuma yana da sha'awar ƙungiyar Auxerre ta Faransa [[Ligue 1|a gasar Ligue 1.]] Da shawarar mahaifiyarsa, ya koma ƙungiyar Faransa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 October 2011 |title=Exclusive: Traoré driven by Fergie promise |url=http://www.ligue1.com/ligue1/article/exclusive-traore-driven-by-fergie-promise.htm |access-date=26 January 2013 |website=Ligue1.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 September 2011 |title=Traore: Auxerre was the right choice |url=https://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/news/newsid=1515449.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110924104608/http://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/news/newsid=1515449.html |archive-date=24 September 2011 |access-date=26 January 2013 |website=FIFA.com |publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association}}</ref> [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] fa8bza296h7p4qkdt1bfp85hnefxhqq 878925 878924 2026-07-08T11:09:42Z Abdurra'uf 23412 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1329556948|Alain Traoré]]" 878925 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sibiri Alain Traoré''' (an haife shi a ranar 31 ga Disamba 1988) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Burkinabe wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba a ƙungiyar Arta/Solar7, da kuma [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Burkina Faso|ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Burkina Faso]] . Ya fara aikinsa da ƙungiyar Planète Champion ta gida, kafin ya koma Faransa yana ɗan shekara 17. == Aikin kulob == Traoré ya fara aikinsa da Planète Champion a ƙasarsa ta haihuwa. Ya shahara sosai yayin da yake bugawa Burkina Faso wasa a gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 17 ta 2005, inda ya samu damar yin gwaji na wata ɗaya tare da [[Premier League|ƙungiyar]] [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] ta Ingila. Ya burge a gwaje-gwajensa, amma bai sami damar sanya hannu a kansu ba saboda matsalolin izinin aiki. Yana da zaɓin komawa ƙungiyar Belgium a matsayin aro, amma kuma yana da sha'awar ƙungiyar Auxerre ta Faransa [[Ligue 1|a gasar Ligue 1.]] Da shawarar mahaifiyarsa, ya koma ƙungiyar Faransa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 October 2011 |title=Exclusive: Traoré driven by Fergie promise |url=http://www.ligue1.com/ligue1/article/exclusive-traore-driven-by-fergie-promise.htm |access-date=26 January 2013 |website=Ligue1.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 September 2011 |title=Traore: Auxerre was the right choice |url=https://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/news/newsid=1515449.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110924104608/http://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/news/newsid=1515449.html |archive-date=24 September 2011 |access-date=26 January 2013 |website=FIFA.com |publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association}}</ref> A ranar 4 ga Janairun 2009, an ba shi aro ga Brest na tsawon watanni shida. Ya koma Auxerre a ranar 31 ga Yunin 2009. Traoré ya zama babban jigo a ƙungiyar Auxerre. A watan Yulin 2012, ya koma ƙungiyar Lorient ta Ligue 1 bayan da aka mayar da Auxerre zuwa Ligue 2 . A ranar 31 ga Janairun 2015, Traoré ya koma Monaco a matsayin aro har zuwa karshen kakar wasa ta 2014-15, tare da zabin Monaco ta sanya yarjejeniyar ta zama ta dindindin. <ref>{{Cite web |date=31 January 2015 |title=Alain Traoré joins AS Monaco |url=http://www.asm-fc.com/en/article/alain-traore-joins-as-monaco-67125.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150203121627/http://www.asm-fc.com/en/article/alain-traore-joins-as-monaco-67125.html |archive-date=3 February 2015 |access-date=3 February 2015 |website=asm-fc.com |publisher=[[AS Monaco FC]]}}</ref> A watan Yulin 2018, ya koma ƙungiyar RS Berkane ta Morocco a matsayin kyauta kuma yana cikin ƙungiyar da ke shiga gasar cin kofin Confederation. Ya kuma zura kwallo a wasan rukuni na gasar cin kofin Confederation da ƙungiyar [[Kungiyar Al-Hilal (Omdurman)|Al-Hilal]] ta Sudan. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Denis |first=Sébastien |date=25 July 2018 |title=Alain Traoré en route pour Berkane |url=http://www.footmercato.net/flash-mercato/info-fm-alain-traore-en-route-pour-berkane_232510 |access-date=20 August 2018 |publisher=footmercato.net |language=fr}}</ref> == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == Traoré ya wakilci Burkina Faso a matakin 'yan ƙasa da shekara 17, inda suka cancanci shiga Gasar Cin Kofin Afirka ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 17 ta 2005. Ya zira kwallo ɗaya a wasan da Mali ta sha kashi da ci 3-1. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Julián Díaz Rubio |last2=Kalumiana Kalumiana |title=African U-17 Championship 2005 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesa/afr-u17-05.html |access-date=26 January 2013 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref> Ya kuma zira kwallo ɗaya a Gasar Cin Kofin Afirka ta 2012, da Angola . Ya zira kwallon (a minti na shida na lokacin rauni), wadda ta kai Burkina Faso ga Gasar Cin Kofin Afirka ta 2013 a hannun Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya, sannan ya zira kwallaye uku a gasar ƙarshe ta 2013 . A ranar 4 ga Fabrairu 2017, Traoré ya zura kwallo mai kyau ta bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida a kan Ghana a wasan neman matsayi na uku a gasar cin kofin kasashen Afirka ta 2017 da aka yi a Gabon. An zura kwallon a minti na 89 kuma ta ci lambar tagulla ga Burkina Faso. == Rayuwa ta sirri == Kanin Traoré, [[Bertrand Traoré|Bertrand]], ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne. Su biyun suna cikin tawagar Burkina Faso a gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta 2012 da aka yi a Gabon da [[Gini Ikwatoriya|Equatorial Guinea]] . == Ƙididdigar aiki == === Kulob === {{Updated|17 May 2014}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/alain-traore/13768/|title=Alain Traoré|website=Soccerway|access-date=17 May 2014}}</ref> [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] sylgfrw9f1o4gcevtiz691qdrh2xgh7 878926 878925 2026-07-08T11:10:26Z Abdurra'uf 23412 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1329556948|Alain Traoré]]" 878926 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sibiri Alain Traoré''' (an haife shi a ranar 31 ga Disamba 1988) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Burkinabe wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba a ƙungiyar Arta/Solar7, da kuma [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Burkina Faso|ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Burkina Faso]] . Ya fara aikinsa da ƙungiyar Planète Champion ta gida, kafin ya koma Faransa yana ɗan shekara 17. == Aikin kulob == Traoré ya fara aikinsa da Planète Champion a ƙasarsa ta haihuwa. Ya shahara sosai yayin da yake bugawa Burkina Faso wasa a gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 17 ta 2005, inda ya samu damar yin gwaji na wata ɗaya tare da [[Premier League|ƙungiyar]] [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] ta Ingila. Ya burge a gwaje-gwajensa, amma bai sami damar sanya hannu a kansu ba saboda matsalolin izinin aiki. Yana da zaɓin komawa ƙungiyar Belgium a matsayin aro, amma kuma yana da sha'awar ƙungiyar Auxerre ta Faransa [[Ligue 1|a gasar Ligue 1.]] Da shawarar mahaifiyarsa, ya koma ƙungiyar Faransa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 October 2011 |title=Exclusive: Traoré driven by Fergie promise |url=http://www.ligue1.com/ligue1/article/exclusive-traore-driven-by-fergie-promise.htm |access-date=26 January 2013 |website=Ligue1.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 September 2011 |title=Traore: Auxerre was the right choice |url=https://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/news/newsid=1515449.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110924104608/http://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/news/newsid=1515449.html |archive-date=24 September 2011 |access-date=26 January 2013 |website=FIFA.com |publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association}}</ref> A ranar 4 ga Janairun 2009, an ba shi aro ga Brest na tsawon watanni shida. Ya koma Auxerre a ranar 31 ga Yunin 2009. Traoré ya zama babban jigo a ƙungiyar Auxerre. A watan Yulin 2012, ya koma ƙungiyar Lorient ta Ligue 1 bayan da aka mayar da Auxerre zuwa Ligue 2 . A ranar 31 ga Janairun 2015, Traoré ya koma Monaco a matsayin aro har zuwa karshen kakar wasa ta 2014-15, tare da zabin Monaco ta sanya yarjejeniyar ta zama ta dindindin. <ref>{{Cite web |date=31 January 2015 |title=Alain Traoré joins AS Monaco |url=http://www.asm-fc.com/en/article/alain-traore-joins-as-monaco-67125.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150203121627/http://www.asm-fc.com/en/article/alain-traore-joins-as-monaco-67125.html |archive-date=3 February 2015 |access-date=3 February 2015 |website=asm-fc.com |publisher=[[AS Monaco FC]]}}</ref> A watan Yulin 2018, ya koma ƙungiyar RS Berkane ta Morocco a matsayin kyauta kuma yana cikin ƙungiyar da ke shiga gasar cin kofin Confederation. Ya kuma zura kwallo a wasan rukuni na gasar cin kofin Confederation da ƙungiyar [[Kungiyar Al-Hilal (Omdurman)|Al-Hilal]] ta Sudan. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Denis |first=Sébastien |date=25 July 2018 |title=Alain Traoré en route pour Berkane |url=http://www.footmercato.net/flash-mercato/info-fm-alain-traore-en-route-pour-berkane_232510 |access-date=20 August 2018 |publisher=footmercato.net |language=fr}}</ref> == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == Traoré ya wakilci Burkina Faso a matakin 'yan ƙasa da shekara 17, inda suka cancanci shiga Gasar Cin Kofin Afirka ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 17 ta 2005. Ya zira kwallo ɗaya a wasan da Mali ta sha kashi da ci 3-1. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Julián Díaz Rubio |last2=Kalumiana Kalumiana |title=African U-17 Championship 2005 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesa/afr-u17-05.html |access-date=26 January 2013 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref> Ya kuma zira kwallo ɗaya a Gasar Cin Kofin Afirka ta 2012, da Angola . Ya zira kwallon (a minti na shida na lokacin rauni), wadda ta kai Burkina Faso ga Gasar Cin Kofin Afirka ta 2013 a hannun Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya, sannan ya zira kwallaye uku a gasar ƙarshe ta 2013 . A ranar 4 ga Fabrairu 2017, Traoré ya zura kwallo mai kyau ta bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida a kan Ghana a wasan neman matsayi na uku a gasar cin kofin kasashen Afirka ta 2017 da aka yi a Gabon. An zura kwallon a minti na 89 kuma ta ci lambar tagulla ga Burkina Faso. == Rayuwa ta sirri == Kanin Traoré, [[Bertrand Traoré|Bertrand]], ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne. Su biyun suna cikin tawagar Burkina Faso a gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta 2012 da aka yi a Gabon da [[Gini Ikwatoriya|Equatorial Guinea]] . == Ƙididdigar aiki == === Kulob === {{Updated|17 May 2014}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/alain-traore/13768/|title=Alain Traoré|website=Soccerway|access-date=17 May 2014}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Appearances and goals by club, season and competition ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |Coupe de France ! colspan="2" |Coupe de la Ligue ! colspan="2" |Europe ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division ! width="40" |Apps ! width="40" |Goals ! width="40" |Apps ! width="40" |Goals ! width="40" |Apps ! width="40" |Goals ! width="40" |Apps ! width="40" |Goals ! width="40" |Apps ! width="40" |Goals |- | rowspan="7" |Auxerre |2006–07 |[[Ligue 1]] |4 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |4 |0 |- |2007–08 |Ligue 1 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |- |2008–09 |Ligue 1 |3 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |3 |0 |- |2009–10 |Ligue 1 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |- |2010–11 |Ligue 1 |20 |5 |1 |0 |1 |0 |3 |0 |25 |5 |- |2011–12 |Ligue 1 |27 |9 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |27 |9 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !56 !14 !1 !0 !1 !0 !3 !0 !61 !14 |- |Brest (loan) |2008–09 |Ligue 2 |14 |3 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |15 |3 |- | rowspan="4" |Lorient |2012–13 |Ligue 1 |14 |6 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |14 |6 |- |2013–14 |Ligue 1 |21 |2 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |22 |2 |- |2014–15 |Ligue 1 |3 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |0 |0 |4 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !38 !8 !1 !0 !1 !0 !0 !0 !40 !8 |- |Monaco (loan) |2014–15 |Ligue 1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !108 !25 !3 !0 !2 !0 !3 !0 !116 !25 |} === Na Ƙasa da Ƙasa === : ''Sakamakon maki da sakamakon sun fara nuna adadin kwallayen da Burkina Faso ta ci, ginshiƙin maki yana nuna maki bayan kowace ƙwallo da Traoré ta ci.'' {| class="wikitable sortable" |+List of international goals scored by Alain Traoré<ref name="NFT">{{Cite web |title=Traoré, Alain |url=http://www.national-football-teams.com/player/16603/Alain_Traore.html |access-date=2 February 2017 |publisher=National Football Teams}}</ref> ! scope="col" |No. ! scope="col" |Date ! scope="col" |Venue ! scope="col" |Opponent ! scope="col" |Score ! scope="col" |Result ! scope="col" |Competition |- | style="text-align:center" |1 |8 September 2007 |Stade Léopold Sédar Senghor, [[Dakar]], Senegal |{{Fb|SEN}} | style="text-align:center" |1–1 | style="text-align:center" |1–5 |2008 Africa Cup of Nations qualification |- | style="text-align:center" |2 |28 March 2009 |Stade du 4 Août, [[Ouagadougou]], Burkina Faso |{{Fb|GUI}} | style="text-align:center" |2–0 | style="text-align:center" |4–2 |2010 FIFA World Cup qualification |- | style="text-align:center" |3 |11 August 2010 |[[Stade Municipal de Senlis]], Senlis, France |{{Fb|CGO}} | style="text-align:center" |3–0 | style="text-align:center" |3–0 |Friendly |- | style="text-align:center" |4 |6 September 2010 |[[Stade Maurice Chevalier]], Cannes, France |{{Fb|GAB}} | style="text-align:center" |1–1 | style="text-align:center" |1–1 |Friendly |- | style="text-align:center" |5 | rowspan="3" |26 March 2011 | rowspan="3" |Stade du 4 Août, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso | rowspan="3" |{{Fb|NAM}} | style="text-align:center" |1–0 | rowspan="3" style="text-align:center" |4–0 | rowspan="3" |2012 Africa Cup of Nations qualification |- | style="text-align:center" |6 | style="text-align:center" |2–0 |- | style="text-align:center" |7 | style="text-align:center" |4–0 |- | style="text-align:center" |8 |4 June 2011 |Independence Stadium, [[Windhoek]], Namibia |{{Fb|NAM}} | style="text-align:center" |3–0 | style="text-align:center" |4–1 |2012 Africa Cup of Nations qualification |- | style="text-align:center" |9 |3 September 2011 |Stade du 4 Août, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso |{{Fb|EQG}} | style="text-align:center" |1–0 | style="text-align:center" |1–0 |Friendly |- | style="text-align:center" |10 |22 January 2012 |Estadio de Malabo, [[Malabo]], Equatorial Guinea |{{Fb|ANG}} | style="text-align:center" |1–1 | style="text-align:center" |1–2 |2012 Africa Cup of Nations |- | style="text-align:center" |11 | rowspan="2" |14 October 2012 | rowspan="2" |Stade du 4 Août, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso | rowspan="2" |{{Fb|CAR}} | style="text-align:center" |1–1 | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center" |3–1 | rowspan="2" |2013 Africa Cup of Nations qualification |- | style="text-align:center" |12 | style="text-align:center" |3–1 |- | style="text-align:center" |13 |21 January 2013 |Mbombela Stadium, Nelspruit, South Africa |{{Fb|NGA}} | style="text-align:center" |1–1 | style="text-align:center" |1–1 |2013 Africa Cup of Nations |- | style="text-align:center" |14 | rowspan="2" |25 January 2013 | rowspan="2" |Mbombela Stadium, Nelspruit, South Africa | rowspan="2" |{{Fb|ETH}} | style="text-align:center" |1–0 | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center" |4–0 | rowspan="2" |2013 Africa Cup of Nations |- | style="text-align:center" |15 | style="text-align:center" |2–0 |- | style="text-align:center" |16 |5 March 2014 |Stade Francis Turcan, Martigues, France |{{Fb|COM}} | style="text-align:center" |1–0 | style="text-align:center" |1–1 |Friendly |- | style="text-align:center" |17 |6 September 2014 |Stade du 4 Août, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso |{{Fb|LES}} | style="text-align:center" |2–0 | style="text-align:center" |2–0 |2015 Africa Cup of Nations qualification |- | style="text-align:center" |18 |10 January 2015 |Mbombela Stadium, Nelspruit, South Africa |{{Fb|SWZ}} | style="text-align:center" |1–1 | style="text-align:center" |5–1 |Friendly |- | style="text-align:center" |19 |5 June 2016 |Stade de Beaumer, [[Moroni]], Comoros |{{Fb|COM}} | style="text-align:center" |2–0 | style="text-align:center" |2–0 |2017 Africa Cup of Nations qualification |- | style="text-align:center" |20 |4 February 2017 |Stade de Port-Gentil, Port-Gentil, Gabon |{{Fb|GHA}} | style="text-align:center" |1–0 | style="text-align:center" |1–0 |2017 Africa Cup of Nations |- | style="text-align:center" |21 |7 October 2017 |FNB Stadium, [[Johannesburg]], South Africa |{{Fb|BFA}} | style="text-align:center" |1–3 | style="text-align:center" |1–3 |2018 FIFA World Cup qualification |} == Daraja == '''RS Berkane''' * Kofin Confederation na CAF : 2019–20 '''Burkina Faso''' * Tagulla [[Gasar cin kofin Afrika|ta gasar cin kofin Afirka]] : 2017 <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 January 2017 |title=2017 Africa Cup of Nations squads |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/new_vision/news/1443954/2017-africa-cup-nations-squads |access-date=5 March 2020 |website=newvision.co |publisher=New Vision}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 January 2017 |title=Africa Cup of Nations 2017 schedule, scores and what you need to know |url=https://www.sbnation.com/soccer/2017/1/14/14273364/can-2017-bracket-schedule-scores-groups-africa-cup-of-nations}}</ref> == Nassoshi == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /> == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120531023328/http://www.alain-traore.com/ Shafin yanar gizo na hukuma na Alain Traoré] (an adana shi a ranar 31 ga Mayu 2012) * [http://www.fclweb.fr/groupe-pro/2012-2013/joueur/alain-traore Bayanin Alain Traoré Lorient] * {{NFT player|16603}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] ei0swnrlo0iq7ck248l7vkrmo41c1xj 878947 878926 2026-07-08T11:37:22Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 878947 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sibiri Alain Traoré''' (an haife shi a ranar 31 ga Disamba 1988) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Burkinabe wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba a ƙungiyar Arta/Solar7, da kuma [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Burkina Faso|ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Burkina Faso]] . Ya fara aikinsa da ƙungiyar Planète Champion ta gida, kafin ya koma Faransa yana ɗan shekara 17. == Aikin kulob == Traoré ya fara aikinsa da Planète Champion a ƙasarsa ta haihuwa. Ya shahara sosai yayin da yake bugawa Burkina Faso wasa a gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 17 ta 2005, inda ya samu damar yin gwaji na wata ɗaya tare da [[Premier League|ƙungiyar]] [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] ta Ingila. Ya burge a gwaje-gwajensa, amma bai sami damar sanya hannu a kansu ba saboda matsalolin izinin aiki. Yana da zaɓin komawa ƙungiyar Belgium a matsayin aro, amma kuma yana da sha'awar ƙungiyar Auxerre ta Faransa [[Ligue 1|a gasar Ligue 1.]] Da shawarar mahaifiyarsa, ya koma ƙungiyar Faransa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 October 2011 |title=Exclusive: Traoré driven by Fergie promise |url=http://www.ligue1.com/ligue1/article/exclusive-traore-driven-by-fergie-promise.htm |access-date=26 January 2013 |website=Ligue1.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 September 2011 |title=Traore: Auxerre was the right choice |url=https://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/news/newsid=1515449.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110924104608/http://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/news/newsid=1515449.html |archive-date=24 September 2011 |access-date=26 January 2013 |website=FIFA.com |publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association}}</ref> A ranar 4 ga Janairun 2009, an ba shi aro ga Brest na tsawon watanni shida. Ya koma Auxerre a ranar 31 ga Yunin 2009. Traoré ya zama babban jigo a ƙungiyar Auxerre. A watan Yulin 2012, ya koma ƙungiyar Lorient ta Ligue 1 bayan da aka mayar da Auxerre zuwa Ligue 2 . A ranar 31 ga Janairun 2015, Traoré ya koma Monaco a matsayin aro har zuwa karshen kakar wasa ta 2014-15, tare da zabin Monaco ta sanya yarjejeniyar ta zama ta dindindin. <ref>{{Cite web |date=31 January 2015 |title=Alain Traoré joins AS Monaco |url=http://www.asm-fc.com/en/article/alain-traore-joins-as-monaco-67125.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150203121627/http://www.asm-fc.com/en/article/alain-traore-joins-as-monaco-67125.html |archive-date=3 February 2015 |access-date=3 February 2015 |website=asm-fc.com |publisher=[[AS Monaco FC]]}}</ref> A watan Yulin 2018, ya koma ƙungiyar RS Berkane ta Morocco a matsayin kyauta kuma yana cikin ƙungiyar da ke shiga gasar cin kofin Confederation. Ya kuma zura kwallo a wasan rukuni na gasar cin kofin Confederation da ƙungiyar [[Kungiyar Al-Hilal (Omdurman)|Al-Hilal]] ta Sudan. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Denis |first=Sébastien |date=25 July 2018 |title=Alain Traoré en route pour Berkane |url=http://www.footmercato.net/flash-mercato/info-fm-alain-traore-en-route-pour-berkane_232510 |access-date=20 August 2018 |publisher=footmercato.net |language=fr}}</ref> == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == Traoré ya wakilci Burkina Faso a matakin 'yan ƙasa da shekara 17, inda suka cancanci shiga Gasar Cin Kofin Afirka ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 17 ta 2005. Ya zira kwallo ɗaya a wasan da Mali ta sha kashi da ci 3-1. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Julián Díaz Rubio |last2=Kalumiana Kalumiana |title=African U-17 Championship 2005 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesa/afr-u17-05.html |access-date=26 January 2013 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref> Ya kuma zira kwallo ɗaya a Gasar Cin Kofin Afirka ta 2012, da Angola . Ya zira kwallon (a minti na shida na lokacin rauni), wadda ta kai Burkina Faso ga Gasar Cin Kofin Afirka ta 2013 a hannun Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya, sannan ya zira kwallaye uku a gasar ƙarshe ta 2013 . A ranar 4 ga Fabrairu 2017, Traoré ya zura kwallo mai kyau ta bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida a kan Ghana a wasan neman matsayi na uku a gasar cin kofin kasashen Afirka ta 2017 da aka yi a Gabon. An zura kwallon a minti na 89 kuma ta ci lambar tagulla ga Burkina Faso. == Rayuwa ta sirri == Kanin Traoré, [[Bertrand Traoré|Bertrand]], ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne. Su biyun suna cikin tawagar Burkina Faso a gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta 2012 da aka yi a Gabon da [[Gini Ikwatoriya|Equatorial Guinea]] . == Ƙididdigar aiki == === Kulob === {{Updated|17 May 2014}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/alain-traore/13768/|title=Alain Traoré|website=Soccerway|access-date=17 May 2014}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Appearances and goals by club, season and competition ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |Coupe de France ! colspan="2" |Coupe de la Ligue ! colspan="2" |Europe ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division ! width="40" |Apps ! width="40" |Goals ! width="40" |Apps ! width="40" |Goals ! width="40" |Apps ! width="40" |Goals ! width="40" |Apps ! width="40" |Goals ! width="40" |Apps ! width="40" |Goals |- | rowspan="7" |Auxerre |2006–07 |[[Ligue 1]] |4 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |4 |0 |- |2007–08 |Ligue 1 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |- |2008–09 |Ligue 1 |3 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |3 |0 |- |2009–10 |Ligue 1 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |- |2010–11 |Ligue 1 |20 |5 |1 |0 |1 |0 |3 |0 |25 |5 |- |2011–12 |Ligue 1 |27 |9 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |27 |9 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !56 !14 !1 !0 !1 !0 !3 !0 !61 !14 |- |Brest (loan) |2008–09 |Ligue 2 |14 |3 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |15 |3 |- | rowspan="4" |Lorient |2012–13 |Ligue 1 |14 |6 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |14 |6 |- |2013–14 |Ligue 1 |21 |2 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |22 |2 |- |2014–15 |Ligue 1 |3 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |0 |0 |4 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !38 !8 !1 !0 !1 !0 !0 !0 !40 !8 |- |Monaco (loan) |2014–15 |Ligue 1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !108 !25 !3 !0 !2 !0 !3 !0 !116 !25 |} === Na Ƙasa da Ƙasa === : ''Sakamakon maki da sakamakon sun fara nuna adadin kwallayen da Burkina Faso ta ci, ginshiƙin maki yana nuna maki bayan kowace ƙwallo da Traoré ta ci.'' {| class="wikitable sortable" |+List of international goals scored by Alain Traoré<ref name="NFT">{{Cite web |title=Traoré, Alain |url=http://www.national-football-teams.com/player/16603/Alain_Traore.html |access-date=2 February 2017 |publisher=National Football Teams}}</ref> ! scope="col" |No. ! scope="col" |Date ! scope="col" |Venue ! scope="col" |Opponent ! scope="col" |Score ! scope="col" |Result ! scope="col" |Competition |- | style="text-align:center" |1 |8 September 2007 |Stade Léopold Sédar Senghor, [[Dakar]], Senegal |{{Fb|SEN}} | style="text-align:center" |1–1 | style="text-align:center" |1–5 |2008 Africa Cup of Nations qualification |- | style="text-align:center" |2 |28 March 2009 |Stade du 4 Août, [[Ouagadougou]], Burkina Faso |{{Fb|GUI}} | style="text-align:center" |2–0 | style="text-align:center" |4–2 |2010 FIFA World Cup qualification |- | style="text-align:center" |3 |11 August 2010 |[[Stade Municipal de Senlis]], Senlis, France |{{Fb|CGO}} | style="text-align:center" |3–0 | style="text-align:center" |3–0 |Friendly |- | style="text-align:center" |4 |6 September 2010 |[[Stade Maurice Chevalier]], Cannes, France |{{Fb|GAB}} | style="text-align:center" |1–1 | style="text-align:center" |1–1 |Friendly |- | style="text-align:center" |5 | rowspan="3" |26 March 2011 | rowspan="3" |Stade du 4 Août, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso | rowspan="3" |{{Fb|NAM}} | style="text-align:center" |1–0 | rowspan="3" style="text-align:center" |4–0 | rowspan="3" |2012 Africa Cup of Nations qualification |- | style="text-align:center" |6 | style="text-align:center" |2–0 |- | style="text-align:center" |7 | style="text-align:center" |4–0 |- | style="text-align:center" |8 |4 June 2011 |Independence Stadium, [[Windhoek]], Namibia |{{Fb|NAM}} | style="text-align:center" |3–0 | style="text-align:center" |4–1 |2012 Africa Cup of Nations qualification |- | style="text-align:center" |9 |3 September 2011 |Stade du 4 Août, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso |{{Fb|EQG}} | style="text-align:center" |1–0 | style="text-align:center" |1–0 |Friendly |- | style="text-align:center" |10 |22 January 2012 |Estadio de Malabo, [[Malabo]], Equatorial Guinea |{{Fb|ANG}} | style="text-align:center" |1–1 | style="text-align:center" |1–2 |2012 Africa Cup of Nations |- | style="text-align:center" |11 | rowspan="2" |14 October 2012 | rowspan="2" |Stade du 4 Août, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso | rowspan="2" |{{Fb|CAR}} | style="text-align:center" |1–1 | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center" |3–1 | rowspan="2" |2013 Africa Cup of Nations qualification |- | style="text-align:center" |12 | style="text-align:center" |3–1 |- | style="text-align:center" |13 |21 January 2013 |Mbombela Stadium, Nelspruit, South Africa |{{Fb|NGA}} | style="text-align:center" |1–1 | style="text-align:center" |1–1 |2013 Africa Cup of Nations |- | style="text-align:center" |14 | rowspan="2" |25 January 2013 | rowspan="2" |Mbombela Stadium, Nelspruit, South Africa | rowspan="2" |{{Fb|ETH}} | style="text-align:center" |1–0 | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center" |4–0 | rowspan="2" |2013 Africa Cup of Nations |- | style="text-align:center" |15 | style="text-align:center" |2–0 |- | style="text-align:center" |16 |5 March 2014 |Stade Francis Turcan, Martigues, France |{{Fb|COM}} | style="text-align:center" |1–0 | style="text-align:center" |1–1 |Friendly |- | style="text-align:center" |17 |6 September 2014 |Stade du 4 Août, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso |{{Fb|LES}} | style="text-align:center" |2–0 | style="text-align:center" |2–0 |2015 Africa Cup of Nations qualification |- | style="text-align:center" |18 |10 January 2015 |Mbombela Stadium, Nelspruit, South Africa |{{Fb|SWZ}} | style="text-align:center" |1–1 | style="text-align:center" |5–1 |Friendly |- | style="text-align:center" |19 |5 June 2016 |Stade de Beaumer, [[Moroni]], Comoros |{{Fb|COM}} | style="text-align:center" |2–0 | style="text-align:center" |2–0 |2017 Africa Cup of Nations qualification |- | style="text-align:center" |20 |4 February 2017 |Stade de Port-Gentil, Port-Gentil, Gabon |{{Fb|GHA}} | style="text-align:center" |1–0 | style="text-align:center" |1–0 |2017 Africa Cup of Nations |- | style="text-align:center" |21 |7 October 2017 |FNB Stadium, [[Johannesburg]], South Africa |{{Fb|BFA}} | style="text-align:center" |1–3 | style="text-align:center" |1–3 |2018 FIFA World Cup qualification |} == Daraja == '''RS Berkane''' * Kofin Confederation na CAF : 2019–20 '''Burkina Faso''' * Tagulla [[Gasar cin kofin Afrika|ta gasar cin kofin Afirka]] : 2017 <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 January 2017 |title=2017 Africa Cup of Nations squads |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/new_vision/news/1443954/2017-africa-cup-nations-squads |access-date=5 March 2020 |website=newvision.co |publisher=New Vision}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 January 2017 |title=Africa Cup of Nations 2017 schedule, scores and what you need to know |url=https://www.sbnation.com/soccer/2017/1/14/14273364/can-2017-bracket-schedule-scores-groups-africa-cup-of-nations}}</ref> == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120531023328/http://www.alain-traore.com/ Shafin yanar gizo na hukuma na Alain Traoré] (an adana shi a ranar 31 ga Mayu 2012) * [http://www.fclweb.fr/groupe-pro/2012-2013/joueur/alain-traore Bayanin Alain Traoré Lorient] * {{NFT player|16603}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 9a7uwcntdyxv39fcre4fnp930o9rfn6 0 161085 878927 2026-07-08T11:10:57Z Abdurra'uf 23412 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1361228383|Rhulani Mokwena]]" 878927 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rulani Mlungisi Mokwena''' (an haife shi a ranar 9 ga Janairu 1987) manajan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Afirka ta Kudu wanda shine manajan ƙungiyar Al-Ittihad SC ta ƙasar Libya a yanzu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-04-03 |title=Mokwena Names Full Al-Ittihad Technical Team |url=https://www.soccerladuma.co.za/psl/sa-players-abroad/rulani-mokwena-confirms-technical-team-at-al-ittihad |access-date=2026-04-03 |website=Soccer Laduma |language=en}}</ref> Ɗan tsohuwar 'yar wasan [[Orlando Pirates FC|Orlando Pirates]] Julias Sono Hloae, kuma ɗan'uwa ga Jomo Sono, Mokwena ya fito daga dangin ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya fara aikinsa na horar da 'yan wasa a tsarin matasa a Silver Stars, kafin ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin manaja a Mamelodi Sundowns da Pirates. A shekarar 2019, ya zama manajan riƙo na ƙungiyar ta ƙarshe, inda ya riƙe wannan matsayi na tsawon watanni biyar, kafin a naɗa shi babban koci a Chippa United a shekara mai zuwa. == Farkon aikina == Farkon shigar Mokwena cikin harkar ƙwallon ƙafa ya zo ne a Silver Stars, wanda daga baya aka fi sani da Platinum Stars, inda ya ƙware a fannin ƙwarewa a ƙarƙashin masu horarwa kamar Steve Komphela, Cavin Johnson da Allan Freese . A shekarar 2014, ya koma Mamelodi Sundowns inda, bayan ya yi fice a ƙungiyar ci gaban ƙungiyar, aka ɗaukaka shi zuwa ɗaya daga cikin mataimakan manajojin manaja Pitso Mosimane, tare da Manqoba Mngqithi da Alex Bapela . Mokwena ya zauna tare da Masandawana har zuwa 2017, inda ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar lashe gasar zakarun CAF ta 2016, kafin ya ɗauki matsayin mataimakin manaja ga Milutin Sredojević a [[Orlando Pirates FC|Orlando Pirates]] . [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1987]] 1pl1ngpn9225fob7m79hulkxr402l73 878928 878927 2026-07-08T11:11:14Z Abdurra'uf 23412 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1361228383|Rhulani Mokwena]]" 878928 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rulani Mlungisi Mokwena''' (an haife shi a ranar 9 ga Janairu 1987) manajan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Afirka ta Kudu wanda shine manajan ƙungiyar Al-Ittihad SC ta ƙasar Libya a yanzu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-04-03 |title=Mokwena Names Full Al-Ittihad Technical Team |url=https://www.soccerladuma.co.za/psl/sa-players-abroad/rulani-mokwena-confirms-technical-team-at-al-ittihad |access-date=2026-04-03 |website=Soccer Laduma |language=en}}</ref> Ɗan tsohuwar 'yar wasan [[Orlando Pirates FC|Orlando Pirates]] Julias Sono Hloae, kuma ɗan'uwa ga Jomo Sono, Mokwena ya fito daga dangin ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya fara aikinsa na horar da 'yan wasa a tsarin matasa a Silver Stars, kafin ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin manaja a Mamelodi Sundowns da Pirates. A shekarar 2019, ya zama manajan riƙo na ƙungiyar ta ƙarshe, inda ya riƙe wannan matsayi na tsawon watanni biyar, kafin a naɗa shi babban koci a Chippa United a shekara mai zuwa. == Farkon aikina == Farkon shigar Mokwena cikin harkar ƙwallon ƙafa ya zo ne a Silver Stars, wanda daga baya aka fi sani da Platinum Stars, inda ya ƙware a fannin ƙwarewa a ƙarƙashin masu horarwa kamar Steve Komphela, Cavin Johnson da Allan Freese . A shekarar 2014, ya koma Mamelodi Sundowns inda, bayan ya yi fice a ƙungiyar ci gaban ƙungiyar, aka ɗaukaka shi zuwa ɗaya daga cikin mataimakan manajojin manaja Pitso Mosimane, tare da Manqoba Mngqithi da Alex Bapela . Mokwena ya zauna tare da Masandawana har zuwa 2017, inda ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar lashe gasar zakarun CAF ta 2016, kafin ya ɗauki matsayin mataimakin manaja ga Milutin Sredojević a [[Orlando Pirates FC|Orlando Pirates]] . == Aikin gudanarwa == === 'Yan fashin teku na Orlando === A watan Agusta na 2019, bayan da Sredojević ya yi murabus ba zato ba tsammani a Pirates, an nada Mokwena a matsayin sabon manajan riƙo na ƙungiyar kuma ya fara jagorantarta da rashin nasara a hannun MTN 8 da ci 1-0 a hannun Highlands Park . A cikin watanni biyar masu zuwa, ya jagoranci wasanni 15, ya ci biyar, ya yi canjaras biyar sannan ya sha kashi biyar, kafin ya koma matsayin mataimakin manaja bayan naɗin Josef Zinnbauer a watan Disamba. === Chippa United === A ranar 4 ga Maris 2020, Mokwena ya bar ƙungiyar Zinnbauer bayan an naɗa shi babban kocin ƙungiyar [[Chippa United FC|Chippa United]] ta Premier a kan yarjejeniyar ɗan gajeren lokaci. Duk da haka, lokacinsa da ƙungiyar ya kawo cikas sakamakon [[Cutar COVID-19 a Afirka ta Kudu|barkewar cutar COVID-19]], wanda ya sa aka dakatar da gasar daga baya a wannan watan, kuma kafin ƙarshen kwangilarsa a watan Yuni ya jagoranci wasa ɗaya kacal a kakar wasa ta bana. === Mamelodi Sundowns === A shekarar 2020, Mokwena ya zama kocin Mamelodi Sundowns tare da Manqoba Mngqithi . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Dylan |date=2020-07-08 |title=Rhulani Mokwena returns to Mamelodi Sundowns |url=https://www.sportsclub.co.za/soccer/mokwena-returns-to-sundowns/ |access-date=2026-01-24 |website=SportsClub |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Oktoban 2022, "An nada Mngqithi a matsayin sabon kocin Sundowns a wani mataki na rage masa matsayi daga mukamin kocin. Yanzu zai yi aiki a karkashin sabon kocin Rulani Mokwena," in ji Goal.com . Ya lashe Kocin Gasar Firimiya ta Afirka ta Kudu a watan Fabrairu, Maris, da Agusta 2023. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Monoalibe |first=Siyasanga |date=2023-03-30 |title=Mokwena, Rayners bag coach and player of the month accolades |url=https://sundayworld.co.za/sports/soccer/mokwena-rayners-bag-coach-and-player-of-the-month-accolades/ |access-date=2026-01-24 |website=Sunday World |language=en-ZA}}</ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Rulani and Khenyeza clinch DStv Prem monthly awards |url=https://supersport.com/football/betway-premiership/news/6835753a-3665-4e93-ac77-aadf36309285/rulani-and-khenyeza-clinch-dstv-prem-monthly-awards |access-date=2026-01-24 |website=SuperSport |language=en}}</ref> Ya lashe kyautar Kocin Kashi na 2023/24 . <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Serero |first=Lerato |date=2023-05-31 |title=Mokwena scoops Coach of the Season Award |url=https://www.citizen.co.za/sedibeng-ster/news/2023/05/31/mokwena-scoops-coach-of-the-season-award/ |access-date=2026-01-24 |website=Sedibeng Ster |language=en-GB}}</ref> A ranar 3 ga Yulin 2024, an tabbatar da cewa shi da Mamelodi Sundowns sun rabu, suna ambaton cewa sun yi la'akari da manufofi da tsammanin hukumar <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=2024-07-03 |title=Mamelodi Sundowns and Rhulani Mokwena Agree to Part Ways – Mamelodi Sundowns {{!}} Official Website |url=https://sundownsfc.co.za/mamelodi-sundowns-and-rhulani-mokwena-agree-to-part-ways/ |access-date=2024-07-03 |language=en-US}}</ref> [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1987]] 4p4kvxq6auntsbvsi66bf5ix8on991j 878929 878928 2026-07-08T11:12:06Z Abdurra'uf 23412 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1361228383|Rhulani Mokwena]]" 878929 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rulani Mlungisi Mokwena''' (an haife shi a ranar 9 ga Janairu 1987) manajan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Afirka ta Kudu wanda shine manajan ƙungiyar Al-Ittihad SC ta ƙasar Libya a yanzu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-04-03 |title=Mokwena Names Full Al-Ittihad Technical Team |url=https://www.soccerladuma.co.za/psl/sa-players-abroad/rulani-mokwena-confirms-technical-team-at-al-ittihad |access-date=2026-04-03 |website=Soccer Laduma |language=en}}</ref> Ɗan tsohuwar 'yar wasan [[Orlando Pirates FC|Orlando Pirates]] Julias Sono Hloae, kuma ɗan'uwa ga Jomo Sono, Mokwena ya fito daga dangin ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya fara aikinsa na horar da 'yan wasa a tsarin matasa a Silver Stars, kafin ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin manaja a Mamelodi Sundowns da Pirates. A shekarar 2019, ya zama manajan riƙo na ƙungiyar ta ƙarshe, inda ya riƙe wannan matsayi na tsawon watanni biyar, kafin a naɗa shi babban koci a Chippa United a shekara mai zuwa. == Farkon aikina == Farkon shigar Mokwena cikin harkar ƙwallon ƙafa ya zo ne a Silver Stars, wanda daga baya aka fi sani da Platinum Stars, inda ya ƙware a fannin ƙwarewa a ƙarƙashin masu horarwa kamar Steve Komphela, Cavin Johnson da Allan Freese . A shekarar 2014, ya koma Mamelodi Sundowns inda, bayan ya yi fice a ƙungiyar ci gaban ƙungiyar, aka ɗaukaka shi zuwa ɗaya daga cikin mataimakan manajojin manaja Pitso Mosimane, tare da Manqoba Mngqithi da Alex Bapela . Mokwena ya zauna tare da Masandawana har zuwa 2017, inda ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar lashe gasar zakarun CAF ta 2016, kafin ya ɗauki matsayin mataimakin manaja ga Milutin Sredojević a [[Orlando Pirates FC|Orlando Pirates]] . == Aikin gudanarwa == === 'Yan fashin teku na Orlando === A watan Agusta na 2019, bayan da Sredojević ya yi murabus ba zato ba tsammani a Pirates, an nada Mokwena a matsayin sabon manajan riƙo na ƙungiyar kuma ya fara jagorantarta da rashin nasara a hannun MTN 8 da ci 1-0 a hannun Highlands Park . A cikin watanni biyar masu zuwa, ya jagoranci wasanni 15, ya ci biyar, ya yi canjaras biyar sannan ya sha kashi biyar, kafin ya koma matsayin mataimakin manaja bayan naɗin Josef Zinnbauer a watan Disamba. === Chippa United === A ranar 4 ga Maris 2020, Mokwena ya bar ƙungiyar Zinnbauer bayan an naɗa shi babban kocin ƙungiyar [[Chippa United FC|Chippa United]] ta Premier a kan yarjejeniyar ɗan gajeren lokaci. Duk da haka, lokacinsa da ƙungiyar ya kawo cikas sakamakon [[Cutar COVID-19 a Afirka ta Kudu|barkewar cutar COVID-19]], wanda ya sa aka dakatar da gasar daga baya a wannan watan, kuma kafin ƙarshen kwangilarsa a watan Yuni ya jagoranci wasa ɗaya kacal a kakar wasa ta bana. === Mamelodi Sundowns === A shekarar 2020, Mokwena ya zama kocin Mamelodi Sundowns tare da Manqoba Mngqithi . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Dylan |date=2020-07-08 |title=Rhulani Mokwena returns to Mamelodi Sundowns |url=https://www.sportsclub.co.za/soccer/mokwena-returns-to-sundowns/ |access-date=2026-01-24 |website=SportsClub |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Oktoban 2022, "An nada Mngqithi a matsayin sabon kocin Sundowns a wani mataki na rage masa matsayi daga mukamin kocin. Yanzu zai yi aiki a karkashin sabon kocin Rulani Mokwena," in ji Goal.com . Ya lashe Kocin Gasar Firimiya ta Afirka ta Kudu a watan Fabrairu, Maris, da Agusta 2023. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Monoalibe |first=Siyasanga |date=2023-03-30 |title=Mokwena, Rayners bag coach and player of the month accolades |url=https://sundayworld.co.za/sports/soccer/mokwena-rayners-bag-coach-and-player-of-the-month-accolades/ |access-date=2026-01-24 |website=Sunday World |language=en-ZA}}</ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Rulani and Khenyeza clinch DStv Prem monthly awards |url=https://supersport.com/football/betway-premiership/news/6835753a-3665-4e93-ac77-aadf36309285/rulani-and-khenyeza-clinch-dstv-prem-monthly-awards |access-date=2026-01-24 |website=SuperSport |language=en}}</ref> Ya lashe kyautar Kocin Kashi na 2023/24 . <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Serero |first=Lerato |date=2023-05-31 |title=Mokwena scoops Coach of the Season Award |url=https://www.citizen.co.za/sedibeng-ster/news/2023/05/31/mokwena-scoops-coach-of-the-season-award/ |access-date=2026-01-24 |website=Sedibeng Ster |language=en-GB}}</ref> A ranar 3 ga Yulin 2024, an tabbatar da cewa shi da Mamelodi Sundowns sun rabu, suna ambaton cewa sun yi la'akari da manufofi da tsammanin hukumar <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=2024-07-03 |title=Mamelodi Sundowns and Rhulani Mokwena Agree to Part Ways – Mamelodi Sundowns {{!}} Official Website |url=https://sundownsfc.co.za/mamelodi-sundowns-and-rhulani-mokwena-agree-to-part-ways/ |access-date=2024-07-03 |language=en-US}}</ref> An nada shi a matsayin kocin shekara a bikin bayar da kyaututtukan COSAFA na farko. <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=2024-05-10 |title=Rulani Mokwena happy to see young coaches from Cosafa making waves on the continent |url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/sport/soccer/2024-05-10-rulani-mokwena-happy-to-see-young-coaches-from-cosafa-making-waves-on-the-continent/ |access-date=2026-01-24 |website=TimesLIVE |language=en}}</ref> === Wydad AC === A ranar 11 ga Yuli, 2024, Mokwena ya koma ƙungiyar Botola [[Wydad AC]] a matsayin babban koci, ta hanyar sanya hannu kan kwangila har zuwa 2027. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=11 July 2024 |title=Wydad AC Signs Rulani Mokwena as Head Coach on Two-Year Contract |url=https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2024/07/17281/wydad-ac-signs-rulani-mokwena-as-head-coach-on-two-year-contract/ |publisher=Morocco World News}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bosoga |first=Thato |title=Rulani goes back to his roots to cope with Wydad's FIFA ban |url=https://www.snl24.com/kickoff/sanews/sa-players-abroad/new-wydad-head-coach-mokwena-reveals-plan-amid-departures-and-fifa-ban-20240719 |access-date=2024-07-19 |website=Kickoff |language=en-US}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga Afrilu, 2025, ƙungiyar ta kori Mokwena yayin da sauran wasanni kaɗan na kakar wasa suka rage. <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 April 2025 |title=Morocco's Wydad part ways with coach Mokwena |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/soccer/moroccos-wydad-part-ways-with-coach-mokwena-2025-04-29/ |publisher=Reuters}}</ref> Ƙungiyar ta sanar da dakatar da kwangilarsa bisa amincewar juna a ranar 20 ga Mayu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 May 2025 |title=Mokwena dismissed as Wydad coach |url=https://www.fifa.com/en/tournaments/mens/club-world-cup/usa-2025/articles/mokwena-dismissed-wydad-coach |publisher=FIFA}}</ref> === MC Alger === Ya koma ƙungiyar [[MC Alger]] ta ƙasar Algeria a gasar Ligue Professionnelle ta 1 a watan Yulin 2025. <ref name=":7">{{Cite web |last=Vilakazi |first=Martin |date=2025-07-14 |title=MOKWENA APPOINTED AS NEW MC ALGER HEAD COACH - VOW88.1 |url=https://vowfm.co.za/2025/07/14/mokwena-appointed-as-new-mc-alger-head-coach/,%20https://vowfm.co.za/2025/07/14/mokwena-appointed-as-new-mc-alger-head-coach/ |access-date=2025-07-15 |language=en-US}}</ref> Ya lashe kofinsa na farko tare da ƙungiyar a gasar cin kofin Super Cup ta ƙasar Algeria ta 2025. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-01-18 |title=Former Mamelodi Sundowns coach Pitso Mosimane hails Rhulani Mokwena following MC Alger Super Cup win, 'he will be better than me' {{!}} Goal.com South Africa |url=https://www.goal.com/en-za/lists/former-mamelodi-sundowns-coach-pitso-mosimane-hails-rhulani-mokwena-following-mc-alger-super-cup-win-he-will-be-better-than-me/blt5d81a220b3033743 |access-date=2026-01-24 |website=www.goal.com |language=en-ZA}}</ref> A ranar 14 ga Maris, 2026, ya bar ƙungiyar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 March 2026 |title=MC Alger : Rhulani Mokwena s’en va |url=https://mediafootdz.dz/mc-alger-rhulani-mokwena-sen-va/ |access-date=14 March 2026 |website=mediafootdz.dz}}</ref> === Al-Ittihad === Mokwena ya koma kulob din Al Ittihad na Libya a cikin Maris 2026. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Dube |first=Mthokozisi |date=March 17, 2026 |title=Badela, Robinson headline Rulani Mokwena’s Al Ittihad technical team |url=https://farpost.co.za/2026/03/17/badela-robinson-headline-rulanis-al-ittihad-technical-team/ |access-date=2026-03-17 |website=FARPost ZA |language=en-US}}</ref> == Ƙididdigar gudanarwa == {{Updated|25 May 2026}}<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.sofascore.com/manager/rulani-mokwena/792999|publisher=Sofascore|title=Rhulani Mokwena|accessdate=19 February 2025}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" |+Managerial record by team and tenure ! rowspan="2" |Team ! rowspan="2" |Nat. ! rowspan="2" |From ! rowspan="2" |To ! colspan="8" |Record ! rowspan="2" |{{Abbr|Ref|Reference}} |- !{{Tooltip|G|Games managed}} !{{Tooltip|W|Games won}} !{{Tooltip|D|Games drawn}} !{{Tooltip|L|Games lost}} !{{Tooltip|GF|Goals for}} !{{Tooltip|GA|Goals against}} !{{Tooltip|GD|Goal difference}} !{{Tooltip|Win %|Winning percentage}} |- | align="left" |[[Orlando Pirates FC|Orlando Pirates]] (interim) |{{Flagicon|South Africa}} | align="left" |17 August 2019 | align="left" |10 December 2019 {{WDL|14|4|5|5|for=21|against=23|diff=yes}} | |- | align="left" |[[Chippa United FC|Chippa United]] (interim) |{{Flagicon|South Africa}} | align="left" |4 March 2020 | align="left" |30 June 2020 {{WDL|2|1|1|0|for=2|against=1|diff=yes}} |<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-03-04 |title=JUST IN {{!}} Rulani Mokwena named as new Chippa United coach |url=https://www.theherald.co.za/sport/2020-03-04-just-in-rulani-mokwena-named-as-new-chippa-united-coach/ |access-date=2026-01-24 |website=The Herald |language=en}}</ref> |- | align="left" |Mamelodi Sundowns |{{Flagicon|South Africa}} | align="left" |4 October 2020 | align="left" |4 July 2024 {{WDL|195|122|55|18|for=341|against=113|diff=yes}} |<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Dylan |date=2020-07-08 |title=Rhulani Mokwena returns to Mamelodi Sundowns |url=https://www.sportsclub.co.za/soccer/mokwena-returns-to-sundowns/ |access-date=2026-01-24 |website=SportsClub |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFDylan2020">Dylan (8 July 2020). </cite></ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=2024-07-03 |title=Mamelodi Sundowns and Rhulani Mokwena Agree to Part Ways – Mamelodi Sundowns {{!}} Official Website |url=https://sundownsfc.co.za/mamelodi-sundowns-and-rhulani-mokwena-agree-to-part-ways/ |access-date=2024-07-03 |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://sundownsfc.co.za/mamelodi-sundowns-and-rhulani-mokwena-agree-to-part-ways/ "Mamelodi Sundowns and Rhulani Mokwena Agree to Part Ways – Mamelodi Sundowns | Official Website"]. </cite></ref> |- | align="left" |[[Wydad AC]] |{{Flagicon|Morocco}} | align="left" |10 July 2024 | align="left" |29 April 2025 {{WDL|38|16|14|8|for=55|against=32|diff=yes}} |<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=11 July 2024 |title=Wydad AC Signs Rulani Mokwena as Head Coach on Two-Year Contract |url=https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2024/07/17281/wydad-ac-signs-rulani-mokwena-as-head-coach-on-two-year-contract/ |publisher=Morocco World News}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2024/07/17281/wydad-ac-signs-rulani-mokwena-as-head-coach-on-two-year-contract/ "Wydad AC Signs Rulani Mokwena as Head Coach on Two-Year Contract"]. </cite></ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Mokwena leaves Wydad Casablanca, misses out on Club World Cup |url=https://supersport.com/football/general/news/94989a0c-cdba-4bd8-896e-b8b39636a1af/mokwena-leaves-wydad-casablanca-misses-out-on-club-world-cup |access-date=2026-01-24 |website=SuperSport |language=en}}</ref> |- | align="left" |[[MC Alger]] |{{Flagicon|Algeria}} | align="left" |21 July 2025 | align="left" |14 March 2026 {{WDL|34|20|8|6|for=41|against=19|diff=yes}} | |- | align="left" |Al-Ittihad |{{Flagicon|Libya}} | align="left" |17 March 2026 | align="left" |present {{WDL|9|5|3|1|for=14|against=6|diff=yes}} | |- ! colspan="4" |'''Career total''' {{WDLtot|292|168|86|38|for=474|against=193|diff=yes}} !— |} == Daraja == '''Mamelodi Sundowns''' * Gasar Firimiya ta Afirka ta Kudu : 2021–22, 2022–23, 2023–24 * [[Gasar Super League ta Afrika|Gasar Kwallon Kafa ta Afirka]] : 2023 '''MC Alger''' * Gasar Super Cup ta Aljeriya : 2025 '''Mutum ɗaya''' * Kocin COSAFA na Shekara : 2023 <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=2024-05-10 |title=Rulani Mokwena happy to see young coaches from Cosafa making waves on the continent |url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/sport/soccer/2024-05-10-rulani-mokwena-happy-to-see-young-coaches-from-cosafa-making-waves-on-the-continent/ |access-date=2026-01-24 |website=TimesLIVE |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.timeslive.co.za/sport/soccer/2024-05-10-rulani-mokwena-happy-to-see-young-coaches-from-cosafa-making-waves-on-the-continent/ "Rulani Mokwena happy to see young coaches from Cosafa making waves on the continent"]. </cite></ref> * Kocin Gasar Firimiya ta Afirka ta Kudu mafi Kyau : 2022/23, 2023/24 <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Serero |first=Lerato |date=2023-05-31 |title=Mokwena scoops Coach of the Season Award |url=https://www.citizen.co.za/sedibeng-ster/news/2023/05/31/mokwena-scoops-coach-of-the-season-award/ |access-date=2026-01-24 |website=Sedibeng Ster |language=en-GB}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFSerero2023">Serero, Lerato (31 May 2023). </cite></ref>, 2024/25 * Kocin Gasar Firimiya ta Afirka ta Kudu na Watan : Fabrairu 2023, Maris 2023 <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Monoalibe |first=Siyasanga |date=2023-03-30 |title=Mokwena, Rayners bag coach and player of the month accolades |url=https://sundayworld.co.za/sports/soccer/mokwena-rayners-bag-coach-and-player-of-the-month-accolades/ |access-date=2026-01-24 |website=Sunday World |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFMonoalibe2023">Monoalibe, Siyasanga (30 March 2023). </cite></ref>, Agusta 2023 <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Rulani and Khenyeza clinch DStv Prem monthly awards |url=https://supersport.com/football/betway-premiership/news/6835753a-3665-4e93-ac77-aadf36309285/rulani-and-khenyeza-clinch-dstv-prem-monthly-awards |access-date=2026-01-24 |website=SuperSport |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://supersport.com/football/betway-premiership/news/6835753a-3665-4e93-ac77-aadf36309285/rulani-and-khenyeza-clinch-dstv-prem-monthly-awards "Rulani and Khenyeza clinch DStv Prem monthly awards"]. </cite></ref>, Afrilu 2024 <ref>{{Cite web |last=Modiba |first=Katlego |date=2024-05-08 |title=Mokwena wins PSL coach of month for April |url=https://www.citizen.co.za/sport/soccer/local-soccer/mokwena-wins-psl-coach-of-month-for-april/ |access-date=2026-01-24 |website=The Citizen |language=en}}</ref> == Nassoshi == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1987]] s331oqlv8q7ykxf1zwy4ohl5evk67p7 878946 878929 2026-07-08T11:36:23Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 878946 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Rulani Mlungisi Mokwena''' (an haife shi a ranar 9 ga Janairu 1987) manajan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Afirka ta Kudu wanda shine manajan ƙungiyar Al-Ittihad SC ta ƙasar Libya a yanzu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-04-03 |title=Mokwena Names Full Al-Ittihad Technical Team |url=https://www.soccerladuma.co.za/psl/sa-players-abroad/rulani-mokwena-confirms-technical-team-at-al-ittihad |access-date=2026-04-03 |website=Soccer Laduma |language=en}}</ref> Ɗan tsohuwar 'yar wasan [[Orlando Pirates FC|Orlando Pirates]] Julias Sono Hloae, kuma ɗan'uwa ga Jomo Sono, Mokwena ya fito daga dangin ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya fara aikinsa na horar da 'yan wasa a tsarin matasa a Silver Stars, kafin ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin manaja a Mamelodi Sundowns da Pirates. A shekarar 2019, ya zama manajan riƙo na ƙungiyar ta ƙarshe, inda ya riƙe wannan matsayi na tsawon watanni biyar, kafin a naɗa shi babban koci a Chippa United a shekara mai zuwa. == Farkon aikina == Farkon shigar Mokwena cikin harkar ƙwallon ƙafa ya zo ne a Silver Stars, wanda daga baya aka fi sani da Platinum Stars, inda ya ƙware a fannin ƙwarewa a ƙarƙashin masu horarwa kamar Steve Komphela, Cavin Johnson da Allan Freese . A shekarar 2014, ya koma Mamelodi Sundowns inda, bayan ya yi fice a ƙungiyar ci gaban ƙungiyar, aka ɗaukaka shi zuwa ɗaya daga cikin mataimakan manajojin manaja Pitso Mosimane, tare da Manqoba Mngqithi da Alex Bapela . Mokwena ya zauna tare da Masandawana har zuwa 2017, inda ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar lashe gasar zakarun CAF ta 2016, kafin ya ɗauki matsayin mataimakin manaja ga Milutin Sredojević a [[Orlando Pirates FC|Orlando Pirates]] . == Aikin gudanarwa == === 'Yan fashin teku na Orlando === A watan Agusta na 2019, bayan da Sredojević ya yi murabus ba zato ba tsammani a Pirates, an nada Mokwena a matsayin sabon manajan riƙo na ƙungiyar kuma ya fara jagorantarta da rashin nasara a hannun MTN 8 da ci 1-0 a hannun Highlands Park . A cikin watanni biyar masu zuwa, ya jagoranci wasanni 15, ya ci biyar, ya yi canjaras biyar sannan ya sha kashi biyar, kafin ya koma matsayin mataimakin manaja bayan naɗin Josef Zinnbauer a watan Disamba. === Chippa United === A ranar 4 ga Maris 2020, Mokwena ya bar ƙungiyar Zinnbauer bayan an naɗa shi babban kocin ƙungiyar [[Chippa United FC|Chippa United]] ta Premier a kan yarjejeniyar ɗan gajeren lokaci. Duk da haka, lokacinsa da ƙungiyar ya kawo cikas sakamakon [[Cutar COVID-19 a Afirka ta Kudu|barkewar cutar COVID-19]], wanda ya sa aka dakatar da gasar daga baya a wannan watan, kuma kafin ƙarshen kwangilarsa a watan Yuni ya jagoranci wasa ɗaya kacal a kakar wasa ta bana. === Mamelodi Sundowns === A shekarar 2020, Mokwena ya zama kocin Mamelodi Sundowns tare da Manqoba Mngqithi . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Dylan |date=2020-07-08 |title=Rhulani Mokwena returns to Mamelodi Sundowns |url=https://www.sportsclub.co.za/soccer/mokwena-returns-to-sundowns/ |access-date=2026-01-24 |website=SportsClub |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Oktoban 2022, "An nada Mngqithi a matsayin sabon kocin Sundowns a wani mataki na rage masa matsayi daga mukamin kocin. Yanzu zai yi aiki a karkashin sabon kocin Rulani Mokwena," in ji Goal.com . Ya lashe Kocin Gasar Firimiya ta Afirka ta Kudu a watan Fabrairu, Maris, da Agusta 2023. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Monoalibe |first=Siyasanga |date=2023-03-30 |title=Mokwena, Rayners bag coach and player of the month accolades |url=https://sundayworld.co.za/sports/soccer/mokwena-rayners-bag-coach-and-player-of-the-month-accolades/ |access-date=2026-01-24 |website=Sunday World |language=en-ZA}}</ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Rulani and Khenyeza clinch DStv Prem monthly awards |url=https://supersport.com/football/betway-premiership/news/6835753a-3665-4e93-ac77-aadf36309285/rulani-and-khenyeza-clinch-dstv-prem-monthly-awards |access-date=2026-01-24 |website=SuperSport |language=en}}</ref> Ya lashe kyautar Kocin Kashi na 2023/24 . <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Serero |first=Lerato |date=2023-05-31 |title=Mokwena scoops Coach of the Season Award |url=https://www.citizen.co.za/sedibeng-ster/news/2023/05/31/mokwena-scoops-coach-of-the-season-award/ |access-date=2026-01-24 |website=Sedibeng Ster |language=en-GB}}</ref> A ranar 3 ga Yulin 2024, an tabbatar da cewa shi da Mamelodi Sundowns sun rabu, suna ambaton cewa sun yi la'akari da manufofi da tsammanin hukumar <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=2024-07-03 |title=Mamelodi Sundowns and Rhulani Mokwena Agree to Part Ways – Mamelodi Sundowns {{!}} Official Website |url=https://sundownsfc.co.za/mamelodi-sundowns-and-rhulani-mokwena-agree-to-part-ways/ |access-date=2024-07-03 |language=en-US}}</ref> An nada shi a matsayin kocin shekara a bikin bayar da kyaututtukan COSAFA na farko. <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=2024-05-10 |title=Rulani Mokwena happy to see young coaches from Cosafa making waves on the continent |url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/sport/soccer/2024-05-10-rulani-mokwena-happy-to-see-young-coaches-from-cosafa-making-waves-on-the-continent/ |access-date=2026-01-24 |website=TimesLIVE |language=en}}</ref> === Wydad AC === A ranar 11 ga Yuli, 2024, Mokwena ya koma ƙungiyar Botola [[Wydad AC]] a matsayin babban koci, ta hanyar sanya hannu kan kwangila har zuwa 2027. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=11 July 2024 |title=Wydad AC Signs Rulani Mokwena as Head Coach on Two-Year Contract |url=https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2024/07/17281/wydad-ac-signs-rulani-mokwena-as-head-coach-on-two-year-contract/ |publisher=Morocco World News}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bosoga |first=Thato |title=Rulani goes back to his roots to cope with Wydad's FIFA ban |url=https://www.snl24.com/kickoff/sanews/sa-players-abroad/new-wydad-head-coach-mokwena-reveals-plan-amid-departures-and-fifa-ban-20240719 |access-date=2024-07-19 |website=Kickoff |language=en-US}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga Afrilu, 2025, ƙungiyar ta kori Mokwena yayin da sauran wasanni kaɗan na kakar wasa suka rage. <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 April 2025 |title=Morocco's Wydad part ways with coach Mokwena |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/soccer/moroccos-wydad-part-ways-with-coach-mokwena-2025-04-29/ |publisher=Reuters}}</ref> Ƙungiyar ta sanar da dakatar da kwangilarsa bisa amincewar juna a ranar 20 ga Mayu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 May 2025 |title=Mokwena dismissed as Wydad coach |url=https://www.fifa.com/en/tournaments/mens/club-world-cup/usa-2025/articles/mokwena-dismissed-wydad-coach |publisher=FIFA}}</ref> === MC Alger === Ya koma ƙungiyar [[MC Alger]] ta ƙasar Algeria a gasar Ligue Professionnelle ta 1 a watan Yulin 2025. <ref name=":7">{{Cite web |last=Vilakazi |first=Martin |date=2025-07-14 |title=MOKWENA APPOINTED AS NEW MC ALGER HEAD COACH - VOW88.1 |url=https://vowfm.co.za/2025/07/14/mokwena-appointed-as-new-mc-alger-head-coach/,%20https://vowfm.co.za/2025/07/14/mokwena-appointed-as-new-mc-alger-head-coach/ |access-date=2025-07-15 |language=en-US}}</ref> Ya lashe kofinsa na farko tare da ƙungiyar a gasar cin kofin Super Cup ta ƙasar Algeria ta 2025. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-01-18 |title=Former Mamelodi Sundowns coach Pitso Mosimane hails Rhulani Mokwena following MC Alger Super Cup win, 'he will be better than me' {{!}} Goal.com South Africa |url=https://www.goal.com/en-za/lists/former-mamelodi-sundowns-coach-pitso-mosimane-hails-rhulani-mokwena-following-mc-alger-super-cup-win-he-will-be-better-than-me/blt5d81a220b3033743 |access-date=2026-01-24 |website=www.goal.com |language=en-ZA}}</ref> A ranar 14 ga Maris, 2026, ya bar ƙungiyar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 March 2026 |title=MC Alger : Rhulani Mokwena s’en va |url=https://mediafootdz.dz/mc-alger-rhulani-mokwena-sen-va/ |access-date=14 March 2026 |website=mediafootdz.dz}}</ref> === Al-Ittihad === Mokwena ya koma kulob din Al Ittihad na Libya a cikin Maris 2026. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Dube |first=Mthokozisi |date=March 17, 2026 |title=Badela, Robinson headline Rulani Mokwena’s Al Ittihad technical team |url=https://farpost.co.za/2026/03/17/badela-robinson-headline-rulanis-al-ittihad-technical-team/ |access-date=2026-03-17 |website=FARPost ZA |language=en-US}}</ref> == Ƙididdigar gudanarwa == {{Updated|25 May 2026}}<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.sofascore.com/manager/rulani-mokwena/792999|publisher=Sofascore|title=Rhulani Mokwena|accessdate=19 February 2025}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" |+Managerial record by team and tenure ! rowspan="2" |Team ! rowspan="2" |Nat. ! rowspan="2" |From ! rowspan="2" |To ! colspan="8" |Record ! rowspan="2" |{{Abbr|Ref|Reference}} |- !{{Tooltip|G|Games managed}} !{{Tooltip|W|Games won}} !{{Tooltip|D|Games drawn}} !{{Tooltip|L|Games lost}} !{{Tooltip|GF|Goals for}} !{{Tooltip|GA|Goals against}} !{{Tooltip|GD|Goal difference}} !{{Tooltip|Win %|Winning percentage}} |- | align="left" |[[Orlando Pirates FC|Orlando Pirates]] (interim) |{{Flagicon|South Africa}} | align="left" |17 August 2019 | align="left" |10 December 2019 {{WDL|14|4|5|5|for=21|against=23|diff=yes}} | |- | align="left" |[[Chippa United FC|Chippa United]] (interim) |{{Flagicon|South Africa}} | align="left" |4 March 2020 | align="left" |30 June 2020 {{WDL|2|1|1|0|for=2|against=1|diff=yes}} |<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-03-04 |title=JUST IN {{!}} Rulani Mokwena named as new Chippa United coach |url=https://www.theherald.co.za/sport/2020-03-04-just-in-rulani-mokwena-named-as-new-chippa-united-coach/ |access-date=2026-01-24 |website=The Herald |language=en}}</ref> |- | align="left" |Mamelodi Sundowns |{{Flagicon|South Africa}} | align="left" |4 October 2020 | align="left" |4 July 2024 {{WDL|195|122|55|18|for=341|against=113|diff=yes}} |<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Dylan |date=2020-07-08 |title=Rhulani Mokwena returns to Mamelodi Sundowns |url=https://www.sportsclub.co.za/soccer/mokwena-returns-to-sundowns/ |access-date=2026-01-24 |website=SportsClub |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFDylan2020">Dylan (8 July 2020). </cite></ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=2024-07-03 |title=Mamelodi Sundowns and Rhulani Mokwena Agree to Part Ways – Mamelodi Sundowns {{!}} Official Website |url=https://sundownsfc.co.za/mamelodi-sundowns-and-rhulani-mokwena-agree-to-part-ways/ |access-date=2024-07-03 |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://sundownsfc.co.za/mamelodi-sundowns-and-rhulani-mokwena-agree-to-part-ways/ "Mamelodi Sundowns and Rhulani Mokwena Agree to Part Ways – Mamelodi Sundowns | Official Website"]. </cite></ref> |- | align="left" |[[Wydad AC]] |{{Flagicon|Morocco}} | align="left" |10 July 2024 | align="left" |29 April 2025 {{WDL|38|16|14|8|for=55|against=32|diff=yes}} |<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=11 July 2024 |title=Wydad AC Signs Rulani Mokwena as Head Coach on Two-Year Contract |url=https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2024/07/17281/wydad-ac-signs-rulani-mokwena-as-head-coach-on-two-year-contract/ |publisher=Morocco World News}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2024/07/17281/wydad-ac-signs-rulani-mokwena-as-head-coach-on-two-year-contract/ "Wydad AC Signs Rulani Mokwena as Head Coach on Two-Year Contract"]. </cite></ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Mokwena leaves Wydad Casablanca, misses out on Club World Cup |url=https://supersport.com/football/general/news/94989a0c-cdba-4bd8-896e-b8b39636a1af/mokwena-leaves-wydad-casablanca-misses-out-on-club-world-cup |access-date=2026-01-24 |website=SuperSport |language=en}}</ref> |- | align="left" |[[MC Alger]] |{{Flagicon|Algeria}} | align="left" |21 July 2025 | align="left" |14 March 2026 {{WDL|34|20|8|6|for=41|against=19|diff=yes}} | |- | align="left" |Al-Ittihad |{{Flagicon|Libya}} | align="left" |17 March 2026 | align="left" |present {{WDL|9|5|3|1|for=14|against=6|diff=yes}} | |- ! colspan="4" |'''Career total''' {{WDLtot|292|168|86|38|for=474|against=193|diff=yes}} !— |} == Daraja == '''Mamelodi Sundowns''' * Gasar Firimiya ta Afirka ta Kudu : 2021–22, 2022–23, 2023–24 * [[Gasar Super League ta Afrika|Gasar Kwallon Kafa ta Afirka]] : 2023 '''MC Alger''' * Gasar Super Cup ta Aljeriya : 2025 '''Mutum ɗaya''' * Kocin COSAFA na Shekara : 2023 <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=2024-05-10 |title=Rulani Mokwena happy to see young coaches from Cosafa making waves on the continent |url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/sport/soccer/2024-05-10-rulani-mokwena-happy-to-see-young-coaches-from-cosafa-making-waves-on-the-continent/ |access-date=2026-01-24 |website=TimesLIVE |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.timeslive.co.za/sport/soccer/2024-05-10-rulani-mokwena-happy-to-see-young-coaches-from-cosafa-making-waves-on-the-continent/ "Rulani Mokwena happy to see young coaches from Cosafa making waves on the continent"]. </cite></ref> * Kocin Gasar Firimiya ta Afirka ta Kudu mafi Kyau : 2022/23, 2023/24 <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Serero |first=Lerato |date=2023-05-31 |title=Mokwena scoops Coach of the Season Award |url=https://www.citizen.co.za/sedibeng-ster/news/2023/05/31/mokwena-scoops-coach-of-the-season-award/ |access-date=2026-01-24 |website=Sedibeng Ster |language=en-GB}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFSerero2023">Serero, Lerato (31 May 2023). </cite></ref>, 2024/25 * Kocin Gasar Firimiya ta Afirka ta Kudu na Watan : Fabrairu 2023, Maris 2023 <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Monoalibe |first=Siyasanga |date=2023-03-30 |title=Mokwena, Rayners bag coach and player of the month accolades |url=https://sundayworld.co.za/sports/soccer/mokwena-rayners-bag-coach-and-player-of-the-month-accolades/ |access-date=2026-01-24 |website=Sunday World |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFMonoalibe2023">Monoalibe, Siyasanga (30 March 2023). </cite></ref>, Agusta 2023 <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Rulani and Khenyeza clinch DStv Prem monthly awards |url=https://supersport.com/football/betway-premiership/news/6835753a-3665-4e93-ac77-aadf36309285/rulani-and-khenyeza-clinch-dstv-prem-monthly-awards |access-date=2026-01-24 |website=SuperSport |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://supersport.com/football/betway-premiership/news/6835753a-3665-4e93-ac77-aadf36309285/rulani-and-khenyeza-clinch-dstv-prem-monthly-awards "Rulani and Khenyeza clinch DStv Prem monthly awards"]. </cite></ref>, Afrilu 2024 <ref>{{Cite web |last=Modiba |first=Katlego |date=2024-05-08 |title=Mokwena wins PSL coach of month for April |url=https://www.citizen.co.za/sport/soccer/local-soccer/mokwena-wins-psl-coach-of-month-for-april/ |access-date=2026-01-24 |website=The Citizen |language=en}}</ref> [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1987]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} j2rgcj2rur9r6mlkio3su8cek34ilma 0 161086 878931 2026-07-08T11:18:51Z Abdurra'uf 23412 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1346082831|Callum Johnson (footballer)]]" 878931 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Callum Charles Johnson''' (an haife shi a ranar 23 ga Oktoba 1996) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] na Ingila wanda ya taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|ɗan baya na dama]] . == Aikin kulob == === Middlesbrough === An haife shi a gundumar Stockton-on-Tees, Johnson ya fara wakiltar Middlesbrough's Academy a matakin 'yan ƙasa da shekara 9. <ref name="Bright Future">{{Cite web |date=22 May 2015 |title=Future is bright as secret of Boro's success stems from North-East |url=http://www.thenorthernecho.co.uk/sport/football/middlesbrough/12966495.Future_is_bright_as_secret_of_Boro_s_success_stems_from_North_East/ |access-date=10 October 2017 |publisher=The Northern Echo}}</ref> Da farko ya buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|mai tsaron baya-dan wasan tsakiya]] amma ba da daɗewa ba ya koma matsayin [[Mai buga baya|mai tsaron baya na dama]] kuma a watan Yulin 2017, manajan ƙungiyar farko Garry Monk ya gayyace shi don yin atisaye tare da manyan 'yan wasan. <ref name="Training with the first team">{{Cite web |date=July 2017 |title=The 10 Middlesbrough Academy lads invited to train with Garry Monk's first-team this week |url=http://www.gazettelive.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/10-middlesbrough-academy-lads-invited-13265049.amp |access-date=10 October 2017 |publisher=Gazette Live}}</ref> Hakanan yana cikin ƙungiyar [[Middlesbrough FC|Middlesbrough]] wacce ta fafata a gasar UEFA Youth League ta 2015-16 . <ref name="UEFA">{{Cite web |title=Callum Johnson UEFA |url=https://www.uefa.com/uefayouthleague/clubs/players/250087009--callum-johnson/ |access-date=10 October 2017 |website=[[UEFA]] |publisher=UEFA}}</ref> <ref name="UEFA Youth League">{{Cite web |date=25 November 2015 |title=UEFA Youth League: What next for Middlesbrough FC's Under-19s? |url=http://www.gazettelive.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/uefa-youth-league-what-next-10501038.amp |access-date=10 October 2017 |publisher=Gazette Live}}</ref> === Accrington Stanley === A ranar 31 ga Agusta 2017, Johnson ya koma Accrington Stanley a matsayin aro na ɗan gajeren lokaci, wanda zai daɗe har zuwa ƙarshen Janairu. <ref name="Accrington Stanley Loan">{{Cite web |date=31 August 2017 |title=Accrington Stanley: Max Stryjek, Farrend Rawson and Callum Johnson join on loan |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/41111954 |access-date=10 October 2017 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> Daga nan ya fara buga wa ƙungiyar wasa a ranar 9 ga Satumba 2017 a gasar EFL Trophy da ƙungiyar Middlesbrough ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 21, inda ya buga wasa a [[Mai buga tsakiya|tsakiyar fili]] kuma ya sami katin rawaya a minti na 81. <ref name="Accrington Debut">{{Cite web |title=Accrington Stanley 3–0 Middlesbrough U21 |url=http://www.skysports.com/football/accrington-vs-middlesbrough-u21/teams/380686 |access-date=10 October 2017 |website=skysports.com |publisher=Sky Sports}}</ref> Daga nan ya ci gaba da buga wasa na tsawon mintuna 90 a wasansu na gaba na gasar EFL Trophy, inda ya sake buga wasa a [[Mai buga tsakiya|tsakiyar fili]], a ranar 2 ga Oktoba 2017 da Blackpool a filin wasa na Crown Ground . <ref name="Accrington Stanley 1-2 Blackpool">{{Cite web |title=Accrington Stanley 1–2 Blackpool |url=http://www.skysports.com/football/accrington-vs-blackpool/teams/380719 |access-date=10 October 2017 |website=skysports.com |publisher=Sky Sports}}</ref> [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1996]] 3hlzov69o6gmh0i5serx08jws7bavvc 878932 878931 2026-07-08T11:19:27Z Abdurra'uf 23412 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1346082831|Callum Johnson (footballer)]]" 878932 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Callum Charles Johnson''' (an haife shi a ranar 23 ga Oktoba 1996) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] na Ingila wanda ya taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|ɗan baya na dama]] . == Aikin kulob == === Middlesbrough === An haife shi a gundumar Stockton-on-Tees, Johnson ya fara wakiltar Middlesbrough's Academy a matakin 'yan ƙasa da shekara 9. <ref name="Bright Future">{{Cite web |date=22 May 2015 |title=Future is bright as secret of Boro's success stems from North-East |url=http://www.thenorthernecho.co.uk/sport/football/middlesbrough/12966495.Future_is_bright_as_secret_of_Boro_s_success_stems_from_North_East/ |access-date=10 October 2017 |publisher=The Northern Echo}}</ref> Da farko ya buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|mai tsaron baya-dan wasan tsakiya]] amma ba da daɗewa ba ya koma matsayin [[Mai buga baya|mai tsaron baya na dama]] kuma a watan Yulin 2017, manajan ƙungiyar farko Garry Monk ya gayyace shi don yin atisaye tare da manyan 'yan wasan. <ref name="Training with the first team">{{Cite web |date=July 2017 |title=The 10 Middlesbrough Academy lads invited to train with Garry Monk's first-team this week |url=http://www.gazettelive.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/10-middlesbrough-academy-lads-invited-13265049.amp |access-date=10 October 2017 |publisher=Gazette Live}}</ref> Hakanan yana cikin ƙungiyar [[Middlesbrough FC|Middlesbrough]] wacce ta fafata a gasar UEFA Youth League ta 2015-16 . <ref name="UEFA">{{Cite web |title=Callum Johnson UEFA |url=https://www.uefa.com/uefayouthleague/clubs/players/250087009--callum-johnson/ |access-date=10 October 2017 |website=[[UEFA]] |publisher=UEFA}}</ref> <ref name="UEFA Youth League">{{Cite web |date=25 November 2015 |title=UEFA Youth League: What next for Middlesbrough FC's Under-19s? |url=http://www.gazettelive.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/uefa-youth-league-what-next-10501038.amp |access-date=10 October 2017 |publisher=Gazette Live}}</ref> === Accrington Stanley === A ranar 31 ga Agusta 2017, Johnson ya koma Accrington Stanley a matsayin aro na ɗan gajeren lokaci, wanda zai daɗe har zuwa ƙarshen Janairu. <ref name="Accrington Stanley Loan">{{Cite web |date=31 August 2017 |title=Accrington Stanley: Max Stryjek, Farrend Rawson and Callum Johnson join on loan |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/41111954 |access-date=10 October 2017 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> Daga nan ya fara buga wa ƙungiyar wasa a ranar 9 ga Satumba 2017 a gasar EFL Trophy da ƙungiyar Middlesbrough ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 21, inda ya buga wasa a [[Mai buga tsakiya|tsakiyar fili]] kuma ya sami katin rawaya a minti na 81. <ref name="Accrington Debut">{{Cite web |title=Accrington Stanley 3–0 Middlesbrough U21 |url=http://www.skysports.com/football/accrington-vs-middlesbrough-u21/teams/380686 |access-date=10 October 2017 |website=skysports.com |publisher=Sky Sports}}</ref> Daga nan ya ci gaba da buga wasa na tsawon mintuna 90 a wasansu na gaba na gasar EFL Trophy, inda ya sake buga wasa a [[Mai buga tsakiya|tsakiyar fili]], a ranar 2 ga Oktoba 2017 da Blackpool a filin wasa na Crown Ground . <ref name="Accrington Stanley 1-2 Blackpool">{{Cite web |title=Accrington Stanley 1–2 Blackpool |url=http://www.skysports.com/football/accrington-vs-blackpool/teams/380719 |access-date=10 October 2017 |website=skysports.com |publisher=Sky Sports}}</ref> A ranar 5 ga Janairun 2018, Johnson ya sanya hannu na dindindin da kulob din kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu da rabi kan wani adadi da ba a bayyana ba. <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 January 2018 |title=Callum Johnson: Accrington sign midfielder from Middlesbrough |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/42579137 |access-date=5 January 2018 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> === Portsmouth === A watan Satumba na 2020, Johnson ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar zuwa Portsmouth . <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 September 2020 |title=Callum Johnson: Portsmouth sign Accrington Stanley right-back |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/54058858 |access-date=10 January 2021 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> Ya zura kwallonsa ta farko a kungiyar a wasan cin kofin FA da Bristol City a ranar 9 ga Janairun 2021. <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 January 2021 |title=Bristol City 2–1 Portsmouth |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/55575477 |access-date=10 January 2021 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> Bayan ya shafe kakar wasa ta 2021-22 a matsayin aro a Fleetwood Town, <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 August 2021 |title=Callum Johnson joins on season-long loan deal |url=https://www.fleetwoodtownfc.com/news/2021/august/callum-johnson-loan/ |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=www.fleetwoodtownfc.com}}</ref> Johnson ya bar kungiyar a karshen kakar wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 May 2022 |title=Pompey Retained List: Summer 2022 |url=https://www.portsmouthfc.co.uk/news/2022/may/pompey-retained-list-summer-2022/ |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=www.portsmouthfc.co.uk}}</ref> === Gundumar Ross === Johnson ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu da Ross County a watan Yulin 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 July 2022 |title=Ross County sign full-back Johnson |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/articles/c898zxg3d2vo |access-date=13 July 2022 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> === Garin Mansfield === A ranar 13 ga Janairu 2023, Johnson ya koma buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingila, inda ya sanya hannu a kulob ɗin EFL League Two na Mansfield Town kan kuɗin da ba a bayyana ba. === Birnin Bradford === A ranar 29 ga Mayu 2024, Johnson ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekara ɗaya da kulob din EFL League Two na Bradford City . Bradford City ta sallame shi a karshen kakar wasa ta 2024-25. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=https://www.bradfordcityafc.com/news/2025/may/13/retained-list--2024-25/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250514043526/https://www.bradfordcityafc.com/news/2025/may/13/retained-list--2024-25/ |archive-date=2025-05-14}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 May 2025 |title=Six to go, five in talks as Bradford City reveal retained list |url=https://www.thetelegraphandargus.co.uk/sport/sportlatest/25160136.bradford-city-announce-retained-list-2024-2025-season/?ref=rss}}</ref> === Gateshead === A ranar 7 ga Yulin 2025, Johnson ya koma ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta National League Gateshead kan yarjejeniyar shekara ɗaya tare da zaɓin tsawaita wasa. <ref> {{Cite web |date=7 July 2025 |title=Callum Johnson joins Gateshead FC |url=https://gateshead-fc.com/callum-johnson-joins-gateshead-fc/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |website=gateshead-fc.com}}</ref> A ranar 23 ga Maris 2026, Johnson ya yi ritaya bayan ya ji rauni. <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 March 2026 |title=Gateshead: Defender Callum Johnson retires, aged 29 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/articles/c0kr8dzjj80o |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> == Salon wasan == An san Johnson a matsayin ɗan wasa mai iya amfani da dama, bayan ya buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|ɗan baya na dama]], [[Mai buga baya|ɗan baya na tsakiya]], da kuma [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya na baya]] a lokacin aikinsa. <ref name="Accrington Stanley Loan">{{Cite web |date=31 August 2017 |title=Accrington Stanley: Max Stryjek, Farrend Rawson and Callum Johnson join on loan |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/41111954 |access-date=10 October 2017 |publisher=BBC}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/41111954 "Accrington Stanley: Max Stryjek, Farrend Rawson and Callum Johnson join on loan"]. </cite></ref> <ref name="UEFA">{{Cite web |title=Callum Johnson UEFA |url=https://www.uefa.com/uefayouthleague/clubs/players/250087009--callum-johnson/ |access-date=10 October 2017 |website=[[UEFA]] |publisher=UEFA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.uefa.com/uefayouthleague/clubs/players/250087009--callum-johnson/ "Callum Johnson UEFA"]. </cite></ref> == Ƙididdigar aiki == {{Updated|23 March 2026}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1996]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] avn5ki2wzf3dm1h7qfy7w1wjoi4stba 878933 878932 2026-07-08T11:19:56Z Abdurra'uf 23412 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1346082831|Callum Johnson (footballer)]]" 878933 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Callum Charles Johnson''' (an haife shi a ranar 23 ga Oktoba 1996) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] na Ingila wanda ya taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|ɗan baya na dama]] . == Aikin kulob == === Middlesbrough === An haife shi a gundumar Stockton-on-Tees, Johnson ya fara wakiltar Middlesbrough's Academy a matakin 'yan ƙasa da shekara 9. <ref name="Bright Future">{{Cite web |date=22 May 2015 |title=Future is bright as secret of Boro's success stems from North-East |url=http://www.thenorthernecho.co.uk/sport/football/middlesbrough/12966495.Future_is_bright_as_secret_of_Boro_s_success_stems_from_North_East/ |access-date=10 October 2017 |publisher=The Northern Echo}}</ref> Da farko ya buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|mai tsaron baya-dan wasan tsakiya]] amma ba da daɗewa ba ya koma matsayin [[Mai buga baya|mai tsaron baya na dama]] kuma a watan Yulin 2017, manajan ƙungiyar farko Garry Monk ya gayyace shi don yin atisaye tare da manyan 'yan wasan. <ref name="Training with the first team">{{Cite web |date=July 2017 |title=The 10 Middlesbrough Academy lads invited to train with Garry Monk's first-team this week |url=http://www.gazettelive.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/10-middlesbrough-academy-lads-invited-13265049.amp |access-date=10 October 2017 |publisher=Gazette Live}}</ref> Hakanan yana cikin ƙungiyar [[Middlesbrough FC|Middlesbrough]] wacce ta fafata a gasar UEFA Youth League ta 2015-16 . <ref name="UEFA">{{Cite web |title=Callum Johnson UEFA |url=https://www.uefa.com/uefayouthleague/clubs/players/250087009--callum-johnson/ |access-date=10 October 2017 |website=[[UEFA]] |publisher=UEFA}}</ref> <ref name="UEFA Youth League">{{Cite web |date=25 November 2015 |title=UEFA Youth League: What next for Middlesbrough FC's Under-19s? |url=http://www.gazettelive.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/uefa-youth-league-what-next-10501038.amp |access-date=10 October 2017 |publisher=Gazette Live}}</ref> === Accrington Stanley === A ranar 31 ga Agusta 2017, Johnson ya koma Accrington Stanley a matsayin aro na ɗan gajeren lokaci, wanda zai daɗe har zuwa ƙarshen Janairu. <ref name="Accrington Stanley Loan">{{Cite web |date=31 August 2017 |title=Accrington Stanley: Max Stryjek, Farrend Rawson and Callum Johnson join on loan |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/41111954 |access-date=10 October 2017 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> Daga nan ya fara buga wa ƙungiyar wasa a ranar 9 ga Satumba 2017 a gasar EFL Trophy da ƙungiyar Middlesbrough ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 21, inda ya buga wasa a [[Mai buga tsakiya|tsakiyar fili]] kuma ya sami katin rawaya a minti na 81. <ref name="Accrington Debut">{{Cite web |title=Accrington Stanley 3–0 Middlesbrough U21 |url=http://www.skysports.com/football/accrington-vs-middlesbrough-u21/teams/380686 |access-date=10 October 2017 |website=skysports.com |publisher=Sky Sports}}</ref> Daga nan ya ci gaba da buga wasa na tsawon mintuna 90 a wasansu na gaba na gasar EFL Trophy, inda ya sake buga wasa a [[Mai buga tsakiya|tsakiyar fili]], a ranar 2 ga Oktoba 2017 da Blackpool a filin wasa na Crown Ground . <ref name="Accrington Stanley 1-2 Blackpool">{{Cite web |title=Accrington Stanley 1–2 Blackpool |url=http://www.skysports.com/football/accrington-vs-blackpool/teams/380719 |access-date=10 October 2017 |website=skysports.com |publisher=Sky Sports}}</ref> A ranar 5 ga Janairun 2018, Johnson ya sanya hannu na dindindin da kulob din kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu da rabi kan wani adadi da ba a bayyana ba. <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 January 2018 |title=Callum Johnson: Accrington sign midfielder from Middlesbrough |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/42579137 |access-date=5 January 2018 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> === Portsmouth === A watan Satumba na 2020, Johnson ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar zuwa Portsmouth . <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 September 2020 |title=Callum Johnson: Portsmouth sign Accrington Stanley right-back |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/54058858 |access-date=10 January 2021 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> Ya zura kwallonsa ta farko a kungiyar a wasan cin kofin FA da Bristol City a ranar 9 ga Janairun 2021. <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 January 2021 |title=Bristol City 2–1 Portsmouth |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/55575477 |access-date=10 January 2021 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> Bayan ya shafe kakar wasa ta 2021-22 a matsayin aro a Fleetwood Town, <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 August 2021 |title=Callum Johnson joins on season-long loan deal |url=https://www.fleetwoodtownfc.com/news/2021/august/callum-johnson-loan/ |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=www.fleetwoodtownfc.com}}</ref> Johnson ya bar kungiyar a karshen kakar wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 May 2022 |title=Pompey Retained List: Summer 2022 |url=https://www.portsmouthfc.co.uk/news/2022/may/pompey-retained-list-summer-2022/ |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=www.portsmouthfc.co.uk}}</ref> === Gundumar Ross === Johnson ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu da Ross County a watan Yulin 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 July 2022 |title=Ross County sign full-back Johnson |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/articles/c898zxg3d2vo |access-date=13 July 2022 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> === Garin Mansfield === A ranar 13 ga Janairu 2023, Johnson ya koma buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingila, inda ya sanya hannu a kulob ɗin EFL League Two na Mansfield Town kan kuɗin da ba a bayyana ba. === Birnin Bradford === A ranar 29 ga Mayu 2024, Johnson ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekara ɗaya da kulob din EFL League Two na Bradford City . Bradford City ta sallame shi a karshen kakar wasa ta 2024-25. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=https://www.bradfordcityafc.com/news/2025/may/13/retained-list--2024-25/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250514043526/https://www.bradfordcityafc.com/news/2025/may/13/retained-list--2024-25/ |archive-date=2025-05-14}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 May 2025 |title=Six to go, five in talks as Bradford City reveal retained list |url=https://www.thetelegraphandargus.co.uk/sport/sportlatest/25160136.bradford-city-announce-retained-list-2024-2025-season/?ref=rss}}</ref> === Gateshead === A ranar 7 ga Yulin 2025, Johnson ya koma ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta National League Gateshead kan yarjejeniyar shekara ɗaya tare da zaɓin tsawaita wasa. <ref> {{Cite web |date=7 July 2025 |title=Callum Johnson joins Gateshead FC |url=https://gateshead-fc.com/callum-johnson-joins-gateshead-fc/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |website=gateshead-fc.com}}</ref> A ranar 23 ga Maris 2026, Johnson ya yi ritaya bayan ya ji rauni. <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 March 2026 |title=Gateshead: Defender Callum Johnson retires, aged 29 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/articles/c0kr8dzjj80o |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> == Salon wasan == An san Johnson a matsayin ɗan wasa mai iya amfani da dama, bayan ya buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|ɗan baya na dama]], [[Mai buga baya|ɗan baya na tsakiya]], da kuma [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya na baya]] a lokacin aikinsa. <ref name="Accrington Stanley Loan">{{Cite web |date=31 August 2017 |title=Accrington Stanley: Max Stryjek, Farrend Rawson and Callum Johnson join on loan |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/41111954 |access-date=10 October 2017 |publisher=BBC}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/41111954 "Accrington Stanley: Max Stryjek, Farrend Rawson and Callum Johnson join on loan"]. </cite></ref> <ref name="UEFA">{{Cite web |title=Callum Johnson UEFA |url=https://www.uefa.com/uefayouthleague/clubs/players/250087009--callum-johnson/ |access-date=10 October 2017 |website=[[UEFA]] |publisher=UEFA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.uefa.com/uefayouthleague/clubs/players/250087009--callum-johnson/ "Callum Johnson UEFA"]. </cite></ref> == Ƙididdigar aiki == {{Updated|23 March 2026}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+Appearances and goals by club, season and competition ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |FA Cup ! colspan="2" |League Cup ! colspan="2" |Other ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- |[[Middlesbrough FC|Middlesbrough]] |2017–18 |Championship |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |- |Accrington Stanley (loan) |2017–18<ref name="SB17MFC" /> |League Two |9 |0 |2 |0 |0 |0 |2{{Efn|Appearances in [[EFL Trophy]]|name=EFLT}} |0 |13 |0 |- | rowspan="5" valign="center" |Accrington Stanley |2017–18<ref name="SB17MFC" /> |League Two |22 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |22 |1 |- |2018–19 |League One |41 |0 |4 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |45 |0 |- |2019–20 |League One |33 |0 |1 |0 |1 |0 |3{{Efn|name=EFLT}} |0 |38 |0 |- |2020–21 |League One |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !105 !1 !7 !0 !2 !0 !5 !0 !119 !1 |- | rowspan="3" valign="center" |Portsmouth |2020–21<ref name="SB20ASFC" /> |League One |40 |0 |3 |1 |0 |0 |3{{Efn|name=EFLT}} |0 |46 |1 |- |2021–22<ref name="SB21" /> |League One |1 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |0 |0 |2 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !41 !0 !3 !1 !1 !0 !3 !0 !48 !1 |- |Fleetwood Town (loan) |2021–22 |League One |35 |4 |1 |0 |0 |0 |3{{Efn|name=EFLT}} |0 |39 |4 |- |Ross County |2022–23 |Scottish Premiership |18 |0 |0 |0 |3 |0 | colspan="2" |— |21 |0 |- | rowspan="3" |Mansfield Town |2022–23<ref name="SB22" /> |League Two |13 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |13 |0 |- |2023–24 |League Two |17 |1 |1 |0 |1 |0 |3{{Efn|name=EFLT}} |1 |22 |2 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !30 !1 !1 !0 !1 !0 !3 !1 !35 !2 |- |Bradford City |2024–25 |League Two |11 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |3{{Efn|name=EFLT}} |1 |14 |1 |- |Gateshead |2025–26 |National League |9 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |11 |0 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !249 !6 !14 !1 !7 !0 !17 !2 !287 !9 |} {{Notelist}} == Daraja == '''Garin Mansfield''' * Gasar EFL League ta biyu a matsayi na uku: 2023–24 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Boss: Character was central to promotion - News - Mansfield Town |url=https://www.mansfieldtown.net/news/2024/april/boss-character-was-central-to-promotion/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240428104800/https://www.mansfieldtown.net/news/2024/april/boss-character-was-central-to-promotion/ |archive-date=2024-04-28 |access-date=2025-12-30}}</ref> == Nassoshi == == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{Soccerway|callum-johnson/423968}} * Callum Johnson at Soccerbase [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1996]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 7w658jp6ftsn4ns4z7xnunlrt4janua 878945 878933 2026-07-08T11:35:26Z Abdurra'uf 23412 saka sashe 878945 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Callum Charles Johnson''' (an haife shi a ranar 23 ga Oktoba 1996) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] na Ingila wanda ya taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|ɗan baya na dama]] . == Aikin kulob == === Middlesbrough === An haife shi a gundumar Stockton-on-Tees, Johnson ya fara wakiltar Middlesbrough's Academy a matakin 'yan ƙasa da shekara 9. <ref name="Bright Future">{{Cite web |date=22 May 2015 |title=Future is bright as secret of Boro's success stems from North-East |url=http://www.thenorthernecho.co.uk/sport/football/middlesbrough/12966495.Future_is_bright_as_secret_of_Boro_s_success_stems_from_North_East/ |access-date=10 October 2017 |publisher=The Northern Echo}}</ref> Da farko ya buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|mai tsaron baya-dan wasan tsakiya]] amma ba da daɗewa ba ya koma matsayin [[Mai buga baya|mai tsaron baya na dama]] kuma a watan Yulin 2017, manajan ƙungiyar farko Garry Monk ya gayyace shi don yin atisaye tare da manyan 'yan wasan. <ref name="Training with the first team">{{Cite web |date=July 2017 |title=The 10 Middlesbrough Academy lads invited to train with Garry Monk's first-team this week |url=http://www.gazettelive.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/10-middlesbrough-academy-lads-invited-13265049.amp |access-date=10 October 2017 |publisher=Gazette Live}}</ref> Hakanan yana cikin ƙungiyar [[Middlesbrough FC|Middlesbrough]] wacce ta fafata a gasar UEFA Youth League ta 2015-16 . <ref name="UEFA">{{Cite web |title=Callum Johnson UEFA |url=https://www.uefa.com/uefayouthleague/clubs/players/250087009--callum-johnson/ |access-date=10 October 2017 |website=[[UEFA]] |publisher=UEFA}}</ref> <ref name="UEFA Youth League">{{Cite web |date=25 November 2015 |title=UEFA Youth League: What next for Middlesbrough FC's Under-19s? |url=http://www.gazettelive.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/uefa-youth-league-what-next-10501038.amp |access-date=10 October 2017 |publisher=Gazette Live}}</ref> === Accrington Stanley === A ranar 31 ga Agusta 2017, Johnson ya koma Accrington Stanley a matsayin aro na ɗan gajeren lokaci, wanda zai daɗe har zuwa ƙarshen Janairu. <ref name="Accrington Stanley Loan">{{Cite web |date=31 August 2017 |title=Accrington Stanley: Max Stryjek, Farrend Rawson and Callum Johnson join on loan |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/41111954 |access-date=10 October 2017 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> Daga nan ya fara buga wa ƙungiyar wasa a ranar 9 ga Satumba 2017 a gasar EFL Trophy da ƙungiyar Middlesbrough ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 21, inda ya buga wasa a [[Mai buga tsakiya|tsakiyar fili]] kuma ya sami katin rawaya a minti na 81. <ref name="Accrington Debut">{{Cite web |title=Accrington Stanley 3–0 Middlesbrough U21 |url=http://www.skysports.com/football/accrington-vs-middlesbrough-u21/teams/380686 |access-date=10 October 2017 |website=skysports.com |publisher=Sky Sports}}</ref> Daga nan ya ci gaba da buga wasa na tsawon mintuna 90 a wasansu na gaba na gasar EFL Trophy, inda ya sake buga wasa a [[Mai buga tsakiya|tsakiyar fili]], a ranar 2 ga Oktoba 2017 da Blackpool a filin wasa na Crown Ground . <ref name="Accrington Stanley 1-2 Blackpool">{{Cite web |title=Accrington Stanley 1–2 Blackpool |url=http://www.skysports.com/football/accrington-vs-blackpool/teams/380719 |access-date=10 October 2017 |website=skysports.com |publisher=Sky Sports}}</ref> A ranar 5 ga Janairun 2018, Johnson ya sanya hannu na dindindin da kulob din kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu da rabi kan wani adadi da ba a bayyana ba. <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 January 2018 |title=Callum Johnson: Accrington sign midfielder from Middlesbrough |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/42579137 |access-date=5 January 2018 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> === Portsmouth === A watan Satumba na 2020, Johnson ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar zuwa Portsmouth . <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 September 2020 |title=Callum Johnson: Portsmouth sign Accrington Stanley right-back |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/54058858 |access-date=10 January 2021 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> Ya zura kwallonsa ta farko a kungiyar a wasan cin kofin FA da Bristol City a ranar 9 ga Janairun 2021. <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 January 2021 |title=Bristol City 2–1 Portsmouth |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/55575477 |access-date=10 January 2021 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> Bayan ya shafe kakar wasa ta 2021-22 a matsayin aro a Fleetwood Town, <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 August 2021 |title=Callum Johnson joins on season-long loan deal |url=https://www.fleetwoodtownfc.com/news/2021/august/callum-johnson-loan/ |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=www.fleetwoodtownfc.com}}</ref> Johnson ya bar kungiyar a karshen kakar wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 May 2022 |title=Pompey Retained List: Summer 2022 |url=https://www.portsmouthfc.co.uk/news/2022/may/pompey-retained-list-summer-2022/ |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=www.portsmouthfc.co.uk}}</ref> === Gundumar Ross === Johnson ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu da Ross County a watan Yulin 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 July 2022 |title=Ross County sign full-back Johnson |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/articles/c898zxg3d2vo |access-date=13 July 2022 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> === Garin Mansfield === A ranar 13 ga Janairu 2023, Johnson ya koma buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingila, inda ya sanya hannu a kulob ɗin EFL League Two na Mansfield Town kan kuɗin da ba a bayyana ba. === Birnin Bradford === A ranar 29 ga Mayu 2024, Johnson ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekara ɗaya da kulob din EFL League Two na Bradford City . Bradford City ta sallame shi a karshen kakar wasa ta 2024-25. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=https://www.bradfordcityafc.com/news/2025/may/13/retained-list--2024-25/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250514043526/https://www.bradfordcityafc.com/news/2025/may/13/retained-list--2024-25/ |archive-date=2025-05-14}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 May 2025 |title=Six to go, five in talks as Bradford City reveal retained list |url=https://www.thetelegraphandargus.co.uk/sport/sportlatest/25160136.bradford-city-announce-retained-list-2024-2025-season/?ref=rss}}</ref> === Gateshead === A ranar 7 ga Yulin 2025, Johnson ya koma ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta National League Gateshead kan yarjejeniyar shekara ɗaya tare da zaɓin tsawaita wasa. <ref> {{Cite web |date=7 July 2025 |title=Callum Johnson joins Gateshead FC |url=https://gateshead-fc.com/callum-johnson-joins-gateshead-fc/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |website=gateshead-fc.com}}</ref> A ranar 23 ga Maris 2026, Johnson ya yi ritaya bayan ya ji rauni. <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 March 2026 |title=Gateshead: Defender Callum Johnson retires, aged 29 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/articles/c0kr8dzjj80o |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> == Salon wasan == An san Johnson a matsayin ɗan wasa mai iya amfani da dama, bayan ya buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|ɗan baya na dama]], [[Mai buga baya|ɗan baya na tsakiya]], da kuma [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya na baya]] a lokacin aikinsa. <ref name="Accrington Stanley Loan">{{Cite web |date=31 August 2017 |title=Accrington Stanley: Max Stryjek, Farrend Rawson and Callum Johnson join on loan |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/41111954 |access-date=10 October 2017 |publisher=BBC}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/41111954 "Accrington Stanley: Max Stryjek, Farrend Rawson and Callum Johnson join on loan"]. </cite></ref> <ref name="UEFA">{{Cite web |title=Callum Johnson UEFA |url=https://www.uefa.com/uefayouthleague/clubs/players/250087009--callum-johnson/ |access-date=10 October 2017 |website=[[UEFA]] |publisher=UEFA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.uefa.com/uefayouthleague/clubs/players/250087009--callum-johnson/ "Callum Johnson UEFA"]. </cite></ref> == Ƙididdigar aiki == {{Updated|23 March 2026}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+Appearances and goals by club, season and competition ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |FA Cup ! colspan="2" |League Cup ! colspan="2" |Other ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- |[[Middlesbrough FC|Middlesbrough]] |2017–18 |Championship |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |- |Accrington Stanley (loan) |2017–18<ref name="SB17MFC" /> |League Two |9 |0 |2 |0 |0 |0 |2{{Efn|Appearances in [[EFL Trophy]]|name=EFLT}} |0 |13 |0 |- | rowspan="5" valign="center" |Accrington Stanley |2017–18<ref name="SB17MFC" /> |League Two |22 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |22 |1 |- |2018–19 |League One |41 |0 |4 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |45 |0 |- |2019–20 |League One |33 |0 |1 |0 |1 |0 |3{{Efn|name=EFLT}} |0 |38 |0 |- |2020–21 |League One |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !105 !1 !7 !0 !2 !0 !5 !0 !119 !1 |- | rowspan="3" valign="center" |Portsmouth |2020–21<ref name="SB20ASFC" /> |League One |40 |0 |3 |1 |0 |0 |3{{Efn|name=EFLT}} |0 |46 |1 |- |2021–22<ref name="SB21" /> |League One |1 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |0 |0 |2 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !41 !0 !3 !1 !1 !0 !3 !0 !48 !1 |- |Fleetwood Town (loan) |2021–22 |League One |35 |4 |1 |0 |0 |0 |3{{Efn|name=EFLT}} |0 |39 |4 |- |Ross County |2022–23 |Scottish Premiership |18 |0 |0 |0 |3 |0 | colspan="2" |— |21 |0 |- | rowspan="3" |Mansfield Town |2022–23<ref name="SB22" /> |League Two |13 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |13 |0 |- |2023–24 |League Two |17 |1 |1 |0 |1 |0 |3{{Efn|name=EFLT}} |1 |22 |2 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !30 !1 !1 !0 !1 !0 !3 !1 !35 !2 |- |Bradford City |2024–25 |League Two |11 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |3{{Efn|name=EFLT}} |1 |14 |1 |- |Gateshead |2025–26 |National League |9 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |11 |0 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !249 !6 !14 !1 !7 !0 !17 !2 !287 !9 |} {{Notelist}} == Daraja == '''Garin Mansfield''' * Gasar EFL League ta biyu a matsayi na uku: 2023–24 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Boss: Character was central to promotion - News - Mansfield Town |url=https://www.mansfieldtown.net/news/2024/april/boss-character-was-central-to-promotion/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240428104800/https://www.mansfieldtown.net/news/2024/april/boss-character-was-central-to-promotion/ |archive-date=2024-04-28 |access-date=2025-12-30}}</ref> == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{Soccerway|callum-johnson/423968}} * Callum Johnson at Soccerbase [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1996]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 7p7rwov0d3t9umwqj15lm2v7emyutis 0 161087 878934 2026-07-08T11:20:34Z Abdurra'uf 23412 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355047434|Artyom Maksimenko]]" 878934 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Artyom Sergeyevich Maksimenko''' ( Russian ; an haife shi a ranar 27 ga Mayu 1998) ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Rasha wanda ke bugawa Rodina Moscow wasa. == Aikin kulob == Ya fara buga wasa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa ta Rasha a Nizhny Novgorod a ranar 7 ga Yuli, 2019 a wasan da suka fafata da Tom Tomsk . <ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Game Report by FNL |url=http://1fnl.ru/champioship/results/712/713/715/4357/ |publisher=[[Russian Football National League]] |language=Russian}}</ref> A ranar 15 ga Janairu 2021, Maksimenko ya koma kulob din gasar Premier ta Rasha Ural Yekaterinburg . <ref>{{Cite web |date=15 January 2021 |title=Состав ФК "Урал" пополнил Артём Максименко |url=http://fc-ural.ru/novosti/glavnaya-komanda/sostav-fk-ural-popolnil-artyom-maksimenko |publisher=[[FC Ural Yekaterinburg]] |language=ru}}</ref> Ya fara buga wasa a RPL a Ural a ranar 28 ga Fabrairu 2021 a wasan da suka yi da Krasnodar . <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 February 2021 |title=Krasnodar v Ural game report |url=https://eng.premierliga.ru/match/match_13792.html |publisher=[[Russian Premier League]]}}</ref> A ranar 19 ga Janairu 2022, ya koma Baltika Kaliningrad a matsayin aro har zuwa karshen kakar wasa ta 2021-22. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 January 2022 |title=ДОБРО ПОЖАЛОВАТЬ АРТЕМ МАКСИМЕНКО |url=https://www.fc-baltika.ru/news/dobro_pozhalovat_artem_maksimenko/ |publisher=[[FC Baltika Kaliningrad|Baltika Kaliningrad]] |language=ru}}</ref> A ranar 2 ga Yuli 2022, an ba da aro ga Maksimenko ga Rotor Volgograd . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2022 |title=АРТЁМ МАКСИМЕНКО — ИГРОК "РОТОРА" |url=https://rotor-vlg.com/news/80/6915/ |access-date=4 July 2022 |publisher=Rotor Volgograd |language=ru}}</ref> A ranar 2 ga Yuli, 2023, Maksimenko ya rattaba hannu da Urartu a gasar Premier ta Armenia . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2023 |title=OFFICIAL STATEMENT: ARTEM MAKSIMENKO |url=https://www.fcurartu.am/en/-2023-7-2-40-16-64a129e0a037b |publisher=FC Urartu}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga Disamba, 2023, Urartu ya sanar da cewa Maksimenko ya bar kulob din bayan an soke kwangilarsa ta hanyar yarjejeniya tsakanin juna. <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 December 2023 |title=OFFICIAL STATEMENT: ARTEM MAKSIMENKO |url=https://fcurartu.am/en/official-statement-artem-maksimenko-2023-12-29-9-9-658f0b45caf7f |access-date=29 December 2023 |website=fcurartu.am |publisher=FC Urartu}}</ref> [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1998]] 5f8l4sla58a1q766s5zcrwwsn29qtst 878935 878934 2026-07-08T11:21:22Z Abdurra'uf 23412 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355047434|Artyom Maksimenko]]" 878935 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Artyom Sergeyevich Maksimenko''' ( Russian ; an haife shi a ranar 27 ga Mayu 1998) ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Rasha wanda ke bugawa Rodina Moscow wasa. == Aikin kulob == Ya fara buga wasa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa ta Rasha a Nizhny Novgorod a ranar 7 ga Yuli, 2019 a wasan da suka fafata da Tom Tomsk . <ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Game Report by FNL |url=http://1fnl.ru/champioship/results/712/713/715/4357/ |publisher=[[Russian Football National League]] |language=Russian}}</ref> A ranar 15 ga Janairu 2021, Maksimenko ya koma kulob din gasar Premier ta Rasha Ural Yekaterinburg . <ref>{{Cite web |date=15 January 2021 |title=Состав ФК "Урал" пополнил Артём Максименко |url=http://fc-ural.ru/novosti/glavnaya-komanda/sostav-fk-ural-popolnil-artyom-maksimenko |publisher=[[FC Ural Yekaterinburg]] |language=ru}}</ref> Ya fara buga wasa a RPL a Ural a ranar 28 ga Fabrairu 2021 a wasan da suka yi da Krasnodar . <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 February 2021 |title=Krasnodar v Ural game report |url=https://eng.premierliga.ru/match/match_13792.html |publisher=[[Russian Premier League]]}}</ref> A ranar 19 ga Janairu 2022, ya koma Baltika Kaliningrad a matsayin aro har zuwa karshen kakar wasa ta 2021-22. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 January 2022 |title=ДОБРО ПОЖАЛОВАТЬ АРТЕМ МАКСИМЕНКО |url=https://www.fc-baltika.ru/news/dobro_pozhalovat_artem_maksimenko/ |publisher=[[FC Baltika Kaliningrad|Baltika Kaliningrad]] |language=ru}}</ref> A ranar 2 ga Yuli 2022, an ba da aro ga Maksimenko ga Rotor Volgograd . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2022 |title=АРТЁМ МАКСИМЕНКО — ИГРОК "РОТОРА" |url=https://rotor-vlg.com/news/80/6915/ |access-date=4 July 2022 |publisher=Rotor Volgograd |language=ru}}</ref> A ranar 2 ga Yuli, 2023, Maksimenko ya rattaba hannu da Urartu a gasar Premier ta Armenia . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2023 |title=OFFICIAL STATEMENT: ARTEM MAKSIMENKO |url=https://www.fcurartu.am/en/-2023-7-2-40-16-64a129e0a037b |publisher=FC Urartu}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga Disamba, 2023, Urartu ya sanar da cewa Maksimenko ya bar kulob din bayan an soke kwangilarsa ta hanyar yarjejeniya tsakanin juna. <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 December 2023 |title=OFFICIAL STATEMENT: ARTEM MAKSIMENKO |url=https://fcurartu.am/en/official-statement-artem-maksimenko-2023-12-29-9-9-658f0b45caf7f |access-date=29 December 2023 |website=fcurartu.am |publisher=FC Urartu}}</ref> == Ƙididdigar aiki == {{Updated|16 May 2026}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |Cup ! colspan="2" |Continental ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- |Nizhny Novgorod |2019–20 |Russian First League |4 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |4 |0 |- |Zenit-2 St. Petersburg (loan) |2019–20 |Russian Second League |12 |2 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |12 |2 |- |Veles Moscow |2020–21 |Russian First League |25 |9 |3 |1 | colspan="2" |— |28 |10 |- | rowspan="3" |Ural Yekaterinburg |2020–21 |Russian Premier League |3 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— |4 |0 |- |2021–22 |Russian Premier League |8 |1 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— |9 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !11 !1 !2 !0 !0 !0 !13 !1 |- |Ural-2 Yekaterinburg |2020–21 |Russian Second League |2 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |2 |0 |- |Baltika Kaliningrad (loan) |2021–22 |Russian First League |13 |4 |2 |1 | colspan="2" |— |15 |5 |- |Rotor Volgograd (loan) |2022–23 |Russian Second League |29 |12 |2 |1 | colspan="2" |— |31 |13 |- |Urartu |2023–24 |Armenian Premier League |20 |5 | colspan="2" |— |4{{Efn|Two appearances, one goal in [[UEFA Champions League]], two appearances, one goal in [[UEFA Conference League]]}} |2 |24 |7 |- | rowspan="3" |Sokol Saratov |2023–24 |Russian First League |14 |4 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |14 |4 |- |2024–25 |Russian First League |21 |5 |1 |1 | colspan="2" |— |22 |6 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !35 !9 !1 !1 !0 !0 !36 !10 |- | rowspan="3" |Rodina Moscow |2024–25 |Russian First League |11 |6 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |11 |6 |- |2025–26 |Russian First League |34 |17 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— |35 |17 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !45 !23 !1 !0 !0 !0 !46 !23 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !196 !65 !11 !4 !4 !2 !211 !71 |} {{Notelist}} == Daraja == * Babban ɗan wasan da ya fi zura kwallaye a gasar Rasha ta farko : 2025–26 (kwallaye 17 ga Rodina Moscow ) <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 May 2026 |title=Форвард «Родины» Артём Максименко стал лучшим бомбардиром Первой лиги, забив 17 мячей |url=https://www.championat.com/football/news-6470908-stal-izvesten-luchshij-bombardir-pervoj-ligi-2025-2026.html |access-date=16 May 2026 |publisher=Championat |language=ru}}</ref> == Nassoshi == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://1fnl.ru/players/4596/ Bayanin martaba ta Gasar Kwallon Kafa ta Rasha] * Artyom Maksimenko * {{Soccerway|artem-maksimenko/616300}} * Artyom Maksimenko [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1998]] bs2vjyapbsmpjz9qp61cgtczmbcq36d 878944 878935 2026-07-08T11:34:04Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 878944 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Artyom Sergeyevich Maksimenko''' ( Russian ; an haife shi a ranar 27 ga Mayu 1998) ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Rasha wanda ke bugawa Rodina Moscow wasa. == Aikin kulob == Ya fara buga wasa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa ta Rasha a Nizhny Novgorod a ranar 7 ga Yuli, 2019 a wasan da suka fafata da Tom Tomsk . <ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Game Report by FNL |url=http://1fnl.ru/champioship/results/712/713/715/4357/ |publisher=[[Russian Football National League]] |language=Russian}}</ref> A ranar 15 ga Janairu 2021, Maksimenko ya koma kulob din gasar Premier ta Rasha Ural Yekaterinburg . <ref>{{Cite web |date=15 January 2021 |title=Состав ФК "Урал" пополнил Артём Максименко |url=http://fc-ural.ru/novosti/glavnaya-komanda/sostav-fk-ural-popolnil-artyom-maksimenko |publisher=[[FC Ural Yekaterinburg]] |language=ru}}</ref> Ya fara buga wasa a RPL a Ural a ranar 28 ga Fabrairu 2021 a wasan da suka yi da Krasnodar . <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 February 2021 |title=Krasnodar v Ural game report |url=https://eng.premierliga.ru/match/match_13792.html |publisher=[[Russian Premier League]]}}</ref> A ranar 19 ga Janairu 2022, ya koma Baltika Kaliningrad a matsayin aro har zuwa karshen kakar wasa ta 2021-22. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 January 2022 |title=ДОБРО ПОЖАЛОВАТЬ АРТЕМ МАКСИМЕНКО |url=https://www.fc-baltika.ru/news/dobro_pozhalovat_artem_maksimenko/ |publisher=[[FC Baltika Kaliningrad|Baltika Kaliningrad]] |language=ru}}</ref> A ranar 2 ga Yuli 2022, an ba da aro ga Maksimenko ga Rotor Volgograd . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2022 |title=АРТЁМ МАКСИМЕНКО — ИГРОК "РОТОРА" |url=https://rotor-vlg.com/news/80/6915/ |access-date=4 July 2022 |publisher=Rotor Volgograd |language=ru}}</ref> A ranar 2 ga Yuli, 2023, Maksimenko ya rattaba hannu da Urartu a gasar Premier ta Armenia . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2023 |title=OFFICIAL STATEMENT: ARTEM MAKSIMENKO |url=https://www.fcurartu.am/en/-2023-7-2-40-16-64a129e0a037b |publisher=FC Urartu}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga Disamba, 2023, Urartu ya sanar da cewa Maksimenko ya bar kulob din bayan an soke kwangilarsa ta hanyar yarjejeniya tsakanin juna. <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 December 2023 |title=OFFICIAL STATEMENT: ARTEM MAKSIMENKO |url=https://fcurartu.am/en/official-statement-artem-maksimenko-2023-12-29-9-9-658f0b45caf7f |access-date=29 December 2023 |website=fcurartu.am |publisher=FC Urartu}}</ref> == Ƙididdigar aiki == {{Updated|16 May 2026}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |Cup ! colspan="2" |Continental ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- |Nizhny Novgorod |2019–20 |Russian First League |4 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |4 |0 |- |Zenit-2 St. Petersburg (loan) |2019–20 |Russian Second League |12 |2 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |12 |2 |- |Veles Moscow |2020–21 |Russian First League |25 |9 |3 |1 | colspan="2" |— |28 |10 |- | rowspan="3" |Ural Yekaterinburg |2020–21 |Russian Premier League |3 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— |4 |0 |- |2021–22 |Russian Premier League |8 |1 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— |9 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !11 !1 !2 !0 !0 !0 !13 !1 |- |Ural-2 Yekaterinburg |2020–21 |Russian Second League |2 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |2 |0 |- |Baltika Kaliningrad (loan) |2021–22 |Russian First League |13 |4 |2 |1 | colspan="2" |— |15 |5 |- |Rotor Volgograd (loan) |2022–23 |Russian Second League |29 |12 |2 |1 | colspan="2" |— |31 |13 |- |Urartu |2023–24 |Armenian Premier League |20 |5 | colspan="2" |— |4{{Efn|Two appearances, one goal in [[UEFA Champions League]], two appearances, one goal in [[UEFA Conference League]]}} |2 |24 |7 |- | rowspan="3" |Sokol Saratov |2023–24 |Russian First League |14 |4 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |14 |4 |- |2024–25 |Russian First League |21 |5 |1 |1 | colspan="2" |— |22 |6 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !35 !9 !1 !1 !0 !0 !36 !10 |- | rowspan="3" |Rodina Moscow |2024–25 |Russian First League |11 |6 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |11 |6 |- |2025–26 |Russian First League |34 |17 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— |35 |17 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !45 !23 !1 !0 !0 !0 !46 !23 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !196 !65 !11 !4 !4 !2 !211 !71 |} {{Notelist}} == Daraja == * Babban ɗan wasan da ya fi zura kwallaye a gasar Rasha ta farko : 2025–26 (kwallaye 17 ga Rodina Moscow ) <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 May 2026 |title=Форвард «Родины» Артём Максименко стал лучшим бомбардиром Первой лиги, забив 17 мячей |url=https://www.championat.com/football/news-6470908-stal-izvesten-luchshij-bombardir-pervoj-ligi-2025-2026.html |access-date=16 May 2026 |publisher=Championat |language=ru}}</ref> == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://1fnl.ru/players/4596/ Bayanin martaba ta Gasar Kwallon Kafa ta Rasha] * Artyom Maksimenko * {{Soccerway|artem-maksimenko/616300}} * Artyom Maksimenko [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1998]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 7q6rzqi7n0oj6g13m7zvwijghmzxu2e 0 161088 878936 2026-07-08T11:22:34Z Abdurra'uf 23412 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1339907801|Anas Zniti]]" 878936 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anas Zniti''' ( Arabic ; an haife shi a ranar 28 ga Oktoba 1988) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Morocco wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai tsaran raga|mai tsaron gida]] ga [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar Morocco|ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Morocco]] . Ya taɓa bugawa [[Maghreb de Fès|Maghreb Fez]] da AS FAR wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Anas Zniti, MAS goalkeeper |url=http://www.affairemaroc.com/article-%5BInterview%5D-Anas-Zniti-,-Gardien-de-buts-du-MAS-1256.html |publisher=Affaire Maroc |language=French}}</ref> A watan Maris na 2006, an kira Zniti don yin atisaye a tawagar 'yan wasan Olympics [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar Morocco|ta Morocco]], ya ci gaba da kasancewa cikin tawagar a shekara mai zuwa don ci gaba da wasannin neman cancantar shiga gasar Olympics. == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Anas Zniti a ranar 28 ga Oktoba, 1988, ɗan Makarantar Maghreb Fez, wanda aka ɗaga shi zuwa ƙungiyar farko tun 2008. <ref name="أنس الزنيتي">{{Cite web |title=أنس الزنيتي |url=https://areq.net/m/%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%8A.html |access-date=5 January 2022 |website=areq.net}}</ref> Iyalan Anas sun daɗe suna goyon bayansa kuma suna ƙarfafa shi ya buga wasanni, kuma wannan ba abin mamaki ba ne domin yana cikin iyali da ke damuwa da ƙwallon ƙafa sosai, mahaifiyarsa mai tsaron gida ce kuma mahaifinsa yana buga ƙwallon rugby a cikin ƙungiyar Fez Sports Federation <ref name="HAITAMI">{{Cite web |last=HAITAMI |first=PDG : Mohammed |title=واجهت زاناكو مع المغرب الفاسي وأعد جماهيرنا بالتأهل إلى دور المجموعات |url=https://sports.lematin.ma/ar/web/2018/2171.html |access-date=5 January 2022 |website=Le Matin Sports}}</ref> == Aikin kulob == === Maghreb fez === Zniti ya fara aikinsa na ƙwararru yana buga wa Fez wasa. Ya shafe jimillar shekaru 8 yana wasa a Maghreb Fez. Ya lashe gasar cin kofin Throne a shekarar 2011 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Morocco 2010/11 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesm/maro2011.html |access-date=5 January 2022 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref> baya ga gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 2011 <ref>{{Cite web |title=African Club Competitions 2011 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesa/afcup2011.html |access-date=5 January 2022 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref> a wannan shekarar a wasan ƙarshe da suka fafata da Tunisian Sfaxien, inda ya fara kuma ya ceci bugun fenariti guda biyu, sannan ya sami nasarar zura ƙwallon ƙarshe wadda ta bai wa Al-fas kofin. Ya kuma jagoranci ƙungiyar zuwa ga cimma gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 2012, <ref>{{Cite web |title=African Club Competitions 2011 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesa/afcup2011.html |access-date=5 January 2022 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref> daga ƙarshe kwangilarsa ta ƙare da Maghreb Fez a watan Yunin 2013. <ref name="أنس الزنيتي">{{Cite web |title=أنس الزنيتي |url=https://areq.net/m/%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%8A.html |access-date=5 January 2022 |website=areq.net}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://areq.net/m/%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%8A.html "أنس الزنيتي"]. </cite></ref> === FAR Rabat === Bayan ƙarewar kwangilarsa da Maghreb Fez, ya sami tayi biyu daga ƙungiyoyi biyu na Turai, amma fahimtar juna tsakanin su da manajansa ba ta faru ba, don haka babu buƙatar tattauna tayin, wanda ya samu, musamman tunda yana da sha'awar ɗaukar sabuwar ƙwarewa a fagen ƙwallon ƙafa. Daga nan ya sanya hannu da ƙungiyar Royal Army. Ya shafe jimillar shekaru 3 tare da ƙungiyar amma bai sami nasara ba tare da sun cimma komai ba. <ref name="HAITAMI">{{Cite web |last=HAITAMI |first=PDG : Mohammed |title=واجهت زاناكو مع المغرب الفاسي وأعد جماهيرنا بالتأهل إلى دور المجموعات |url=https://sports.lematin.ma/ar/web/2018/2171.html |access-date=5 January 2022 |website=Le Matin Sports}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFHAITAMI">HAITAMI, PDG : Mohammed. </cite></ref> === Raja, CA === A ranar 26 ga Mayu 2015, Zniti ya sanya hannu kan kwangila da Raja CA. Ya yi babban nasara inda ƙungiyar ta lashe kofuna sama da 7. Ya lashe kofinsa na farko tare da Raja bayan kunnen doki da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Libya Al-Hilal SC (Benghazi) don lashe kofin ƙungiyar UNAF Club Cup na 2015. A shekarar 2017 ya lashe kofinsa na biyu bayan ya doke Difaâ Hassani El Jadidi don lashe kofin gasar Moroko Throne Cup na 2017. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Morocco 2016/17 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesm/maro2017.html |access-date=5 January 2022 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref> A shekarar 2018 ya fara ɗaukaka Raja a Afirka. Ya lashe kofin gasar CAF Confederation Cup na 2018 <ref>{{Cite web |title=African Club Competitions 2018 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesa/afcup2018.html |access-date=5 January 2022 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref> tare da ƙungiyar bayan ya doke AS Vita Club a wasan ƙarshe wanda ya ba su damar shiga gasar CAF Super Cup ta 2019, daga ƙarshe shi da ƙungiyarsa suka lashe kofin bayan sun yi nasara 2-1 a kan Esperance Sportive de Tunis a filin wasa na Thani bin Jassim da ke Qatar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=African Club Competitions 2018 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesa/afcup2018.html |access-date=5 January 2022 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref> A shekarar 2020, ya lashe gasar a karon farko. Kuma ya lashe gasar zakarun Larabawa ta 2020 bayan ya doke Al-Ittihad da ci 4-3 a bugun fenariti bayan ya ceci [[Fahad Al-Muwallad]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Arab Club Championship 2019–21 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesa/arabchamp2020.html |access-date=5 January 2022 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref> A shekarar 2021, ya lashe gasar cin kofin CAF Confederation Cup ta 2021 <ref>{{Cite web |title=African Club Competitions 2020/21 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesa/afcup2021.html |access-date=5 January 2022 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref> bayan ya doke JS Kabylie da ci 2-1 a wasan karshe. Raja ya sha kashi a gasar CAF Super Cup ta 2021 <ref>{{Cite web |title=African Club Competitions 2020/21 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesa/afcup2021.html |access-date=5 January 2022 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref> a hannun Al Ahly SC a bugun fenariti. == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] mjmkn8vmj8dfxq6zu2rn9y1788j1pvb 878937 878936 2026-07-08T11:23:15Z Abdurra'uf 23412 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1339907801|Anas Zniti]]" 878937 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anas Zniti''' ( Arabic ; an haife shi a ranar 28 ga Oktoba 1988) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Morocco wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai tsaran raga|mai tsaron gida]] ga [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar Morocco|ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Morocco]] . Ya taɓa bugawa [[Maghreb de Fès|Maghreb Fez]] da AS FAR wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Anas Zniti, MAS goalkeeper |url=http://www.affairemaroc.com/article-%5BInterview%5D-Anas-Zniti-,-Gardien-de-buts-du-MAS-1256.html |publisher=Affaire Maroc |language=French}}</ref> A watan Maris na 2006, an kira Zniti don yin atisaye a tawagar 'yan wasan Olympics [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar Morocco|ta Morocco]], ya ci gaba da kasancewa cikin tawagar a shekara mai zuwa don ci gaba da wasannin neman cancantar shiga gasar Olympics. == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Anas Zniti a ranar 28 ga Oktoba, 1988, ɗan Makarantar Maghreb Fez, wanda aka ɗaga shi zuwa ƙungiyar farko tun 2008. <ref name="أنس الزنيتي">{{Cite web |title=أنس الزنيتي |url=https://areq.net/m/%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%8A.html |access-date=5 January 2022 |website=areq.net}}</ref> Iyalan Anas sun daɗe suna goyon bayansa kuma suna ƙarfafa shi ya buga wasanni, kuma wannan ba abin mamaki ba ne domin yana cikin iyali da ke damuwa da ƙwallon ƙafa sosai, mahaifiyarsa mai tsaron gida ce kuma mahaifinsa yana buga ƙwallon rugby a cikin ƙungiyar Fez Sports Federation <ref name="HAITAMI">{{Cite web |last=HAITAMI |first=PDG : Mohammed |title=واجهت زاناكو مع المغرب الفاسي وأعد جماهيرنا بالتأهل إلى دور المجموعات |url=https://sports.lematin.ma/ar/web/2018/2171.html |access-date=5 January 2022 |website=Le Matin Sports}}</ref> == Aikin kulob == === Maghreb fez === Zniti ya fara aikinsa na ƙwararru yana buga wa Fez wasa. Ya shafe jimillar shekaru 8 yana wasa a Maghreb Fez. Ya lashe gasar cin kofin Throne a shekarar 2011 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Morocco 2010/11 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesm/maro2011.html |access-date=5 January 2022 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref> baya ga gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 2011 <ref>{{Cite web |title=African Club Competitions 2011 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesa/afcup2011.html |access-date=5 January 2022 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref> a wannan shekarar a wasan ƙarshe da suka fafata da Tunisian Sfaxien, inda ya fara kuma ya ceci bugun fenariti guda biyu, sannan ya sami nasarar zura ƙwallon ƙarshe wadda ta bai wa Al-fas kofin. Ya kuma jagoranci ƙungiyar zuwa ga cimma gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 2012, <ref>{{Cite web |title=African Club Competitions 2011 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesa/afcup2011.html |access-date=5 January 2022 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref> daga ƙarshe kwangilarsa ta ƙare da Maghreb Fez a watan Yunin 2013. <ref name="أنس الزنيتي">{{Cite web |title=أنس الزنيتي |url=https://areq.net/m/%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%8A.html |access-date=5 January 2022 |website=areq.net}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://areq.net/m/%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%8A.html "أنس الزنيتي"]. </cite></ref> === FAR Rabat === Bayan ƙarewar kwangilarsa da Maghreb Fez, ya sami tayi biyu daga ƙungiyoyi biyu na Turai, amma fahimtar juna tsakanin su da manajansa ba ta faru ba, don haka babu buƙatar tattauna tayin, wanda ya samu, musamman tunda yana da sha'awar ɗaukar sabuwar ƙwarewa a fagen ƙwallon ƙafa. Daga nan ya sanya hannu da ƙungiyar Royal Army. Ya shafe jimillar shekaru 3 tare da ƙungiyar amma bai sami nasara ba tare da sun cimma komai ba. <ref name="HAITAMI">{{Cite web |last=HAITAMI |first=PDG : Mohammed |title=واجهت زاناكو مع المغرب الفاسي وأعد جماهيرنا بالتأهل إلى دور المجموعات |url=https://sports.lematin.ma/ar/web/2018/2171.html |access-date=5 January 2022 |website=Le Matin Sports}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFHAITAMI">HAITAMI, PDG : Mohammed. </cite></ref> === Raja, CA === A ranar 26 ga Mayu 2015, Zniti ya sanya hannu kan kwangila da Raja CA. Ya yi babban nasara inda ƙungiyar ta lashe kofuna sama da 7. Ya lashe kofinsa na farko tare da Raja bayan kunnen doki da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Libya Al-Hilal SC (Benghazi) don lashe kofin ƙungiyar UNAF Club Cup na 2015. A shekarar 2017 ya lashe kofinsa na biyu bayan ya doke Difaâ Hassani El Jadidi don lashe kofin gasar Moroko Throne Cup na 2017. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Morocco 2016/17 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesm/maro2017.html |access-date=5 January 2022 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref> A shekarar 2018 ya fara ɗaukaka Raja a Afirka. Ya lashe kofin gasar CAF Confederation Cup na 2018 <ref>{{Cite web |title=African Club Competitions 2018 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesa/afcup2018.html |access-date=5 January 2022 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref> tare da ƙungiyar bayan ya doke AS Vita Club a wasan ƙarshe wanda ya ba su damar shiga gasar CAF Super Cup ta 2019, daga ƙarshe shi da ƙungiyarsa suka lashe kofin bayan sun yi nasara 2-1 a kan Esperance Sportive de Tunis a filin wasa na Thani bin Jassim da ke Qatar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=African Club Competitions 2018 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesa/afcup2018.html |access-date=5 January 2022 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref> A shekarar 2020, ya lashe gasar a karon farko. Kuma ya lashe gasar zakarun Larabawa ta 2020 bayan ya doke Al-Ittihad da ci 4-3 a bugun fenariti bayan ya ceci [[Fahad Al-Muwallad]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Arab Club Championship 2019–21 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesa/arabchamp2020.html |access-date=5 January 2022 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref> A shekarar 2021, ya lashe gasar cin kofin CAF Confederation Cup ta 2021 <ref>{{Cite web |title=African Club Competitions 2020/21 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesa/afcup2021.html |access-date=5 January 2022 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref> bayan ya doke JS Kabylie da ci 2-1 a wasan karshe. Raja ya sha kashi a gasar CAF Super Cup ta 2021 <ref>{{Cite web |title=African Club Competitions 2020/21 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesa/afcup2021.html |access-date=5 January 2022 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref> a hannun Al Ahly SC a bugun fenariti. == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == [[Fayil:Équipe_du_Maroc_03-09-2014.jpg|alt=|right|thumb|200x200px|Zniti tana shirin shiga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Morocco a shekarar 2014]] A matakin ƙasa, Zniti yana bugawa ƙungiyar A' ta Morocco. Ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin mai tsaron gida na biyu kuma magajin Nadir Lamyaghri a ƙungiyar farko. A ranar 12 ga Disamba 2012, ya buga wasansa na farko da ƙungiyar ƙasa ta Morocco ga 'yan wasan gida a wasan sada zumunci da Nijar. Ya kuma buga wasansa na farko da ƙungiyar farko da Zambia a wasan ƙwallo. Don gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta 2013 a ranar 8 ga Janairu 2013. <ref>{{Cite web |title=أنس الزنيتي |url=https://www.unafonline.org/ar/player/%d8%a3%d9%86%d8%b3-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b2%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%aa%d9%8a/ |access-date=5 January 2022 |website=UNAF: Union Nord Africaine de Football |language=ar}}</ref> Anas Zniti ya wakilci Morocco a gasar cin kofin kasashen Afirka ta 2018, inda ya taimaka musu wajen cimma nasarar lashe gasar CHAN ta farko. Ya kuma buga gasar cin kofin kasashen Afirka ta 2020. Morocco ta sake yin nasara kuma ta zama kungiya ta farko kuma tilo da ta lashe gasar CHAN a jere. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Football |first=CAF-Confedération Africaine du |title=Morocco win second CHAN title after defeating Mali in final |url=https://www.cafonline.com/total-african-nations-championship/news/morocco-win-second-chan-title-after-defeating-mali-in-final |access-date=24 November 2021 |website=CAFOnline.com |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 30 ga Disamba 2021, Zniti ya karya hannunsa bayan an gayyace shi don shiga gasar cin kofin kasashen Afirka ta 2021. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 December 2021 |title=Football: A broken hand deprives Anas Zniti of CAN |url=https://moroccolatestnews.com/football-a-broken-hand-deprives-anas-zniti-of-can/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220105171747/https://moroccolatestnews.com/football-a-broken-hand-deprives-anas-zniti-of-can/ |archive-date=5 January 2022 |access-date=5 January 2022 |website=Morocco Latest News |language=en-US}}</ref> == Daraja == '''Mas Fès''' <ref>{{Cite web |title=Palmarès Maghreb Fès |url=https://www.footmercato.net/club/maghreb-as-de-fes/palmares |website=footmercato.net}}</ref> * Kofin Kurzawa na Morocco : 2011 * Kofin Confederation na CAF : 2011 * [[CAF Super Cup]] : 2012 '''Raja CA''' <ref>{{Cite web |title=Palmarès Raja |url=https://www.footmercato.net/club/raja-club-athletic-de-casablanca/palmares |website=footmercato.net}}</ref> * Botola Pro : 2019-20, 2023–24 * Kofin Kurzawa na Morocco : 2017, 2023 * Kofin Ƙungiyoyi na UNAF : 2015 * Kofin Zakarun Kulob na Larabawa : 2019–20 * Kofin Confederation na CAF : 2018, 2020–21 * [[CAF Super Cup]] : 2019 '''Maroko A'''' * Gasar Cin Kofin Kasashen Afirka : 2018, 2020 '''Mutum ɗaya''' * [[Maghreb de Fès|Mas Fès]] Ɗan Wasan Kakar: 2010–11, 2011–12 * Mafi Golan Botola Pro : 2011, 2017, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2024 * Ƙungiyar Botola ta Ƙwararru ta Kakar Wasanni: 2020–21, 2023–24 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Instagram |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CSpKHHDsG69/?igshid=NzZhOTFlYzFmZQ== |access-date=25 September 2023 |website=instagram.com}}</ref> * Mafi kyawun Mai Tsaron Gida a Gasar Cin Kofin Kasashen Afirka : 2020 * Ƙungiyar Gasar Cin Kofin Kasashen Afirka ta 2018 <ref>{{Cite web |last=Football |first=CAF-Confedération Africaine du |title=El Kaabi named Total man of the tournament |url=https://www.cafonline.com/total-african-nations-championship/news/el-kaabi-named-total-man-of-the-tournament |access-date=12 January 2022 |website=CAFOnline.com |language=en}}</ref> * Mafi kyawun Mai Tsaron Gasar Cin Kofin Zakarun Turai ta CAF : 2020 * Ɗan Wasan Raja CA na Kakar Wasanni: 2020–21 == Nassoshi == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] 9in5xhlqjjj4f5lnvg67hfmh8x236r1 878943 878937 2026-07-08T11:32:38Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 878943 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Anas Zniti''' ( Arabic ; an haife shi a ranar 28 ga Oktoba 1988) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Morocco wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai tsaran raga|mai tsaron gida]] ga [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar Morocco|ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Morocco]] . Ya taɓa bugawa [[Maghreb de Fès|Maghreb Fez]] da AS FAR wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Anas Zniti, MAS goalkeeper |url=http://www.affairemaroc.com/article-%5BInterview%5D-Anas-Zniti-,-Gardien-de-buts-du-MAS-1256.html |publisher=Affaire Maroc |language=French}}</ref> A watan Maris na 2006, an kira Zniti don yin atisaye a tawagar 'yan wasan Olympics [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar Morocco|ta Morocco]], ya ci gaba da kasancewa cikin tawagar a shekara mai zuwa don ci gaba da wasannin neman cancantar shiga gasar Olympics. == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Anas Zniti a ranar 28 ga Oktoba, 1988, ɗan Makarantar Maghreb Fez, wanda aka ɗaga shi zuwa ƙungiyar farko tun 2008. <ref name="أنس الزنيتي">{{Cite web |title=أنس الزنيتي |url=https://areq.net/m/%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%8A.html |access-date=5 January 2022 |website=areq.net}}</ref> Iyalan Anas sun daɗe suna goyon bayansa kuma suna ƙarfafa shi ya buga wasanni, kuma wannan ba abin mamaki ba ne domin yana cikin iyali da ke damuwa da ƙwallon ƙafa sosai, mahaifiyarsa mai tsaron gida ce kuma mahaifinsa yana buga ƙwallon rugby a cikin ƙungiyar Fez Sports Federation <ref name="HAITAMI">{{Cite web |last=HAITAMI |first=PDG : Mohammed |title=واجهت زاناكو مع المغرب الفاسي وأعد جماهيرنا بالتأهل إلى دور المجموعات |url=https://sports.lematin.ma/ar/web/2018/2171.html |access-date=5 January 2022 |website=Le Matin Sports}}</ref> == Aikin kulob == === Maghreb fez === Zniti ya fara aikinsa na ƙwararru yana buga wa Fez wasa. Ya shafe jimillar shekaru 8 yana wasa a Maghreb Fez. Ya lashe gasar cin kofin Throne a shekarar 2011 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Morocco 2010/11 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesm/maro2011.html |access-date=5 January 2022 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref> baya ga gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 2011 <ref>{{Cite web |title=African Club Competitions 2011 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesa/afcup2011.html |access-date=5 January 2022 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref> a wannan shekarar a wasan ƙarshe da suka fafata da Tunisian Sfaxien, inda ya fara kuma ya ceci bugun fenariti guda biyu, sannan ya sami nasarar zura ƙwallon ƙarshe wadda ta bai wa Al-fas kofin. Ya kuma jagoranci ƙungiyar zuwa ga cimma gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 2012, <ref>{{Cite web |title=African Club Competitions 2011 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesa/afcup2011.html |access-date=5 January 2022 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref> daga ƙarshe kwangilarsa ta ƙare da Maghreb Fez a watan Yunin 2013. <ref name="أنس الزنيتي">{{Cite web |title=أنس الزنيتي |url=https://areq.net/m/%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%8A.html |access-date=5 January 2022 |website=areq.net}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://areq.net/m/%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%8A.html "أنس الزنيتي"]. </cite></ref> === FAR Rabat === Bayan ƙarewar kwangilarsa da Maghreb Fez, ya sami tayi biyu daga ƙungiyoyi biyu na Turai, amma fahimtar juna tsakanin su da manajansa ba ta faru ba, don haka babu buƙatar tattauna tayin, wanda ya samu, musamman tunda yana da sha'awar ɗaukar sabuwar ƙwarewa a fagen ƙwallon ƙafa. Daga nan ya sanya hannu da ƙungiyar Royal Army. Ya shafe jimillar shekaru 3 tare da ƙungiyar amma bai sami nasara ba tare da sun cimma komai ba. <ref name="HAITAMI">{{Cite web |last=HAITAMI |first=PDG : Mohammed |title=واجهت زاناكو مع المغرب الفاسي وأعد جماهيرنا بالتأهل إلى دور المجموعات |url=https://sports.lematin.ma/ar/web/2018/2171.html |access-date=5 January 2022 |website=Le Matin Sports}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFHAITAMI">HAITAMI, PDG : Mohammed. </cite></ref> === Raja, CA === A ranar 26 ga Mayu 2015, Zniti ya sanya hannu kan kwangila da Raja CA. Ya yi babban nasara inda ƙungiyar ta lashe kofuna sama da 7. Ya lashe kofinsa na farko tare da Raja bayan kunnen doki da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Libya Al-Hilal SC (Benghazi) don lashe kofin ƙungiyar UNAF Club Cup na 2015. A shekarar 2017 ya lashe kofinsa na biyu bayan ya doke Difaâ Hassani El Jadidi don lashe kofin gasar Moroko Throne Cup na 2017. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Morocco 2016/17 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesm/maro2017.html |access-date=5 January 2022 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref> A shekarar 2018 ya fara ɗaukaka Raja a Afirka. Ya lashe kofin gasar CAF Confederation Cup na 2018 <ref>{{Cite web |title=African Club Competitions 2018 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesa/afcup2018.html |access-date=5 January 2022 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref> tare da ƙungiyar bayan ya doke AS Vita Club a wasan ƙarshe wanda ya ba su damar shiga gasar CAF Super Cup ta 2019, daga ƙarshe shi da ƙungiyarsa suka lashe kofin bayan sun yi nasara 2-1 a kan Esperance Sportive de Tunis a filin wasa na Thani bin Jassim da ke Qatar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=African Club Competitions 2018 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesa/afcup2018.html |access-date=5 January 2022 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref> A shekarar 2020, ya lashe gasar a karon farko. Kuma ya lashe gasar zakarun Larabawa ta 2020 bayan ya doke Al-Ittihad da ci 4-3 a bugun fenariti bayan ya ceci [[Fahad Al-Muwallad]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Arab Club Championship 2019–21 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesa/arabchamp2020.html |access-date=5 January 2022 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref> A shekarar 2021, ya lashe gasar cin kofin CAF Confederation Cup ta 2021 <ref>{{Cite web |title=African Club Competitions 2020/21 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesa/afcup2021.html |access-date=5 January 2022 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref> bayan ya doke JS Kabylie da ci 2-1 a wasan karshe. Raja ya sha kashi a gasar CAF Super Cup ta 2021 <ref>{{Cite web |title=African Club Competitions 2020/21 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesa/afcup2021.html |access-date=5 January 2022 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref> a hannun Al Ahly SC a bugun fenariti. == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == [[Fayil:Équipe_du_Maroc_03-09-2014.jpg|alt=|right|thumb|200x200px|Zniti tana shirin shiga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Morocco a shekarar 2014]] A matakin ƙasa, Zniti yana bugawa ƙungiyar A' ta Morocco. Ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin mai tsaron gida na biyu kuma magajin Nadir Lamyaghri a ƙungiyar farko. A ranar 12 ga Disamba 2012, ya buga wasansa na farko da ƙungiyar ƙasa ta Morocco ga 'yan wasan gida a wasan sada zumunci da Nijar. Ya kuma buga wasansa na farko da ƙungiyar farko da Zambia a wasan ƙwallo. Don gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta 2013 a ranar 8 ga Janairu 2013. <ref>{{Cite web |title=أنس الزنيتي |url=https://www.unafonline.org/ar/player/%d8%a3%d9%86%d8%b3-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b2%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%aa%d9%8a/ |access-date=5 January 2022 |website=UNAF: Union Nord Africaine de Football |language=ar}}</ref> Anas Zniti ya wakilci Morocco a gasar cin kofin kasashen Afirka ta 2018, inda ya taimaka musu wajen cimma nasarar lashe gasar CHAN ta farko. Ya kuma buga gasar cin kofin kasashen Afirka ta 2020. Morocco ta sake yin nasara kuma ta zama kungiya ta farko kuma tilo da ta lashe gasar CHAN a jere. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Football |first=CAF-Confedération Africaine du |title=Morocco win second CHAN title after defeating Mali in final |url=https://www.cafonline.com/total-african-nations-championship/news/morocco-win-second-chan-title-after-defeating-mali-in-final |access-date=24 November 2021 |website=CAFOnline.com |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 30 ga Disamba 2021, Zniti ya karya hannunsa bayan an gayyace shi don shiga gasar cin kofin kasashen Afirka ta 2021. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 December 2021 |title=Football: A broken hand deprives Anas Zniti of CAN |url=https://moroccolatestnews.com/football-a-broken-hand-deprives-anas-zniti-of-can/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220105171747/https://moroccolatestnews.com/football-a-broken-hand-deprives-anas-zniti-of-can/ |archive-date=5 January 2022 |access-date=5 January 2022 |website=Morocco Latest News |language=en-US}}</ref> == Daraja == '''Mas Fès''' <ref>{{Cite web |title=Palmarès Maghreb Fès |url=https://www.footmercato.net/club/maghreb-as-de-fes/palmares |website=footmercato.net}}</ref> * Kofin Kurzawa na Morocco : 2011 * Kofin Confederation na CAF : 2011 * [[CAF Super Cup]] : 2012 '''Raja CA''' <ref>{{Cite web |title=Palmarès Raja |url=https://www.footmercato.net/club/raja-club-athletic-de-casablanca/palmares |website=footmercato.net}}</ref> * Botola Pro : 2019-20, 2023–24 * Kofin Kurzawa na Morocco : 2017, 2023 * Kofin Ƙungiyoyi na UNAF : 2015 * Kofin Zakarun Kulob na Larabawa : 2019–20 * Kofin Confederation na CAF : 2018, 2020–21 * [[CAF Super Cup]] : 2019 '''Maroko A'''' * Gasar Cin Kofin Kasashen Afirka : 2018, 2020 '''Mutum ɗaya''' * [[Maghreb de Fès|Mas Fès]] Ɗan Wasan Kakar: 2010–11, 2011–12 * Mafi Golan Botola Pro : 2011, 2017, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2024 * Ƙungiyar Botola ta Ƙwararru ta Kakar Wasanni: 2020–21, 2023–24 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Instagram |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CSpKHHDsG69/?igshid=NzZhOTFlYzFmZQ== |access-date=25 September 2023 |website=instagram.com}}</ref> * Mafi kyawun Mai Tsaron Gida a Gasar Cin Kofin Kasashen Afirka : 2020 * Ƙungiyar Gasar Cin Kofin Kasashen Afirka ta 2018 <ref>{{Cite web |last=Football |first=CAF-Confedération Africaine du |title=El Kaabi named Total man of the tournament |url=https://www.cafonline.com/total-african-nations-championship/news/el-kaabi-named-total-man-of-the-tournament |access-date=12 January 2022 |website=CAFOnline.com |language=en}}</ref> * Mafi kyawun Mai Tsaron Gasar Cin Kofin Zakarun Turai ta CAF : 2020 * Ɗan Wasan Raja CA na Kakar Wasanni: 2020–21 == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} hiy7v9lhx0v9hop9fvaemfqxflqeb02 0 161089 878939 2026-07-08T11:26:07Z Abdurra'uf 23412 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355020343|Brimah Razak]]" 878939 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Brimah Razak''' (an haife shi a ranar 22 ga Yuni 1987) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwararren ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] ɗan ƙasar Ghana wanda ke taka leda a matsayin [[Mai tsaran raga|mai tsaron gida]] a ƙungiyar Tercera Federación CD Torreperogil . Ya shafe mafi yawan aikinsa a Spain, yana wakiltar Guadalajara, Mirandés da Córdoba a Segunda División . Ya kuma buga wasa a Portugal da Afirka ta Kudu, inda ya lashe gasar Premier tare da Mamelodi Sundowns . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Gyamera-Antwi |first=Evans |date=18 October 2017 |title=Brimah wants to use Sundowns opportunity to return to Europe |url=https://www.goal.com/en-gh/news/brimah-wants-to-use-sundowns-opportunity-to-return-to-europe/ud0625jgecbg1dfpmhgiqr0e2 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171019105358/http://www.goal.com/en-gh/news/brimah-wants-to-use-sundowns-opportunity-to-return-to-europe/ud0625jgecbg1dfpmhgiqr0e2 |archive-date=19 October 2017 |access-date=16 June 2021 |publisher=[[Goal (website)|Goal]]}}</ref> Razak ya bayyana a [[Gasar cin kofin Afrika|gasar cin kofin Afirka]] sau biyu tare da [[Hukumar kwallon kafa ta kasa a Ghana|Ghana]], bayan da ya fara bugawa a shekarar 2013. == Aikin kulob == === Farkon aikina === Bayan da ba kasafai yake zama ɗan wasa na matasa ba, <ref name="ABROAD">{{Cite web |date=11 February 2021 |title=Ghana and Linares Deportivo goalkeeper Razak Brimah reflects on flying career abroad |url=https://ghanasoccernet.com/ghana-and-linares-deportivo-goalkeeper-razak-brimah-reflects-on-flying-career-abroad |access-date=17 June 2021 |publisher=Ghana Soccernet}}</ref> Razak wanda aka haifa a [[Accra]] ya fara aikinsa na ƙwararru a watan Janairun 2007 tare da GD Chaves na Portugal, yana wasa a Segunda Liga na ƙasar. A shekara mai zuwa ya koma rukuni na uku ya koma ƙungiyar CF União ta Madeira, inda ya zama zaɓi na farko yayin da suka zo na biyu a rukuninsu na yanki - duk da cewa ba su sami ci gaba na ƙarshe ba. <ref name="ABROAD" /> === Poli Ejido === A lokacin bazara na 2008, Razak ya koma ƙungiyar da ya riga ya wakilci a matsayin matashi, Polideportivo Ejido a Segunda División B ta Spain. Ya goyi bayan tsohon ɗan wasan Joaquín Valerio a kakar wasa ɗaya tilo . <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 January 2009 |title=El Poli quiere seguir soñando ante el Espanyol |trans-title=Poli want to dream on against Espanyol |url=https://www.defensacentral.com/mas_futbol/19296-el-poli-quiere-seguir-sonando-ante-el-espanyol |access-date=10 December 2021 |publisher=Defensa Central |language=es}}</ref> [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1987]] dlw6nlo9ggj3gskdpm328chnr9kerci 878941 878939 2026-07-08T11:30:07Z Abdurra'uf 23412 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355020343|Brimah Razak]]" 878941 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Brimah Razak''' (an haife shi a ranar 22 ga Yuni 1987) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwararren ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] ɗan ƙasar Ghana wanda ke taka leda a matsayin [[Mai tsaran raga|mai tsaron gida]] a ƙungiyar Tercera Federación CD Torreperogil . Ya shafe mafi yawan aikinsa a Spain, yana wakiltar Guadalajara, Mirandés da Córdoba a Segunda División . Ya kuma buga wasa a Portugal da Afirka ta Kudu, inda ya lashe gasar Premier tare da Mamelodi Sundowns . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Gyamera-Antwi |first=Evans |date=18 October 2017 |title=Brimah wants to use Sundowns opportunity to return to Europe |url=https://www.goal.com/en-gh/news/brimah-wants-to-use-sundowns-opportunity-to-return-to-europe/ud0625jgecbg1dfpmhgiqr0e2 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171019105358/http://www.goal.com/en-gh/news/brimah-wants-to-use-sundowns-opportunity-to-return-to-europe/ud0625jgecbg1dfpmhgiqr0e2 |archive-date=19 October 2017 |access-date=16 June 2021 |publisher=[[Goal (website)|Goal]]}}</ref> Razak ya bayyana a [[Gasar cin kofin Afrika|gasar cin kofin Afirka]] sau biyu tare da [[Hukumar kwallon kafa ta kasa a Ghana|Ghana]], bayan da ya fara bugawa a shekarar 2013. == Aikin kulob == === Farkon aikina === Bayan da ba kasafai yake zama ɗan wasa na matasa ba, <ref name="ABROAD">{{Cite web |date=11 February 2021 |title=Ghana and Linares Deportivo goalkeeper Razak Brimah reflects on flying career abroad |url=https://ghanasoccernet.com/ghana-and-linares-deportivo-goalkeeper-razak-brimah-reflects-on-flying-career-abroad |access-date=17 June 2021 |publisher=Ghana Soccernet}}</ref> Razak wanda aka haifa a [[Accra]] ya fara aikinsa na ƙwararru a watan Janairun 2007 tare da GD Chaves na Portugal, yana wasa a Segunda Liga na ƙasar. A shekara mai zuwa ya koma rukuni na uku ya koma ƙungiyar CF União ta Madeira, inda ya zama zaɓi na farko yayin da suka zo na biyu a rukuninsu na yanki - duk da cewa ba su sami ci gaba na ƙarshe ba. <ref name="ABROAD" /> === Poli Ejido === A lokacin bazara na 2008, Razak ya koma ƙungiyar da ya riga ya wakilci a matsayin matashi, Polideportivo Ejido a Segunda División B ta Spain. Ya goyi bayan tsohon ɗan wasan Joaquín Valerio a kakar wasa ɗaya tilo . <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 January 2009 |title=El Poli quiere seguir soñando ante el Espanyol |trans-title=Poli want to dream on against Espanyol |url=https://www.defensacentral.com/mas_futbol/19296-el-poli-quiere-seguir-sonando-ante-el-espanyol |access-date=10 December 2021 |publisher=Defensa Central |language=es}}</ref> === Betis === Razak ya rattaba hannu da Real Betis a shekarar 2009, amma ya shafe shekararsa ta farko a gasar da ta gabata, domin ya fito ne kawai a ƙungiyar 'yan wasa ta reserve . An ɗaukaka shi zuwa ƙungiyar farko a kakar wasa ta 2010–11, tare da 'yan [[Andalusia|Andalusians]] a gasar Segunda División . Razak ya fara buga wasa a gasar a ranar 1 ga Satumba 2010, inda ya buga cikakken mintuna 90 a wasan Copa del Rey da UD Salamanca, wanda ya yi nasara a gida da ci 2-1 . === Mai Tafiya === Razak ya yi canji tsakanin matakin na biyu da na uku na ƙwallon ƙafa ta Sipaniya a cikin shekaru masu zuwa, yana wakiltar CD Tenerife, CD Guadalajara, Córdoba CF B da CD Mirandés . A ranar 29 ga Yuli 2015 ya koma Córdoba, yanzu an sanya shi cikin babban ƙungiyar kuma a rukuni na biyu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 July 2015 |title=Razak nuevo jugador del CCF |trans-title=Razak new player of CCF |url=http://www.cordobacf.com/-/razak-nuevo-jugador-del-ccf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150801031150/http://www.cordobacf.com/-/razak-nuevo-jugador-del-ccf |archive-date=1 August 2015 |access-date=29 July 2015 |publisher=Córdoba CF |language=es}}</ref> === Mamelodi Sundowns === A watan Agusta na 2017, Razak ya koma Mamelodi Sundowns FC ; <ref>{{Cite web |last=Gyimah |first=Edmund Okai |date=1 August 2017 |title=Razak Brimah joins Mamelodi Sundowns |url=https://footballmadeinghana.com/2017/08/01/razak-brimah-joins-mamelodi-sundowns/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200926030333/https://footballmadeinghana.com/2017/08/01/razak-brimah-joins-mamelodi-sundowns/ |archive-date=26 September 2020 |access-date=16 June 2021 |publisher=Football Made in Ghana}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 August 2017 |title=Razak Brimah joins South African giants Mamelodi Sundowns |url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/razak-brimah-joins-south-african-giants-mamelodi-sundowns/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624200159/https://www.myjoyonline.com/razak-brimah-joins-south-african-giants-mamelodi-sundowns/ |archive-date=24 June 2021 |access-date=16 June 2021 |publisher=My Joy Online}}</ref> ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru uku a matsayin dan wasa mai zaman kansa, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Yeboah |first=Thomas Freeman |date=1 August 2017 |title=Ghana goalie Razak Brimah joins Mamelodi Sundowns |url=https://www.pulse.com.gh/ece-frontpage/official-ghana-goalie-razak-brimah-joins-mamelodi-sundowns/9vqrvcc |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624201236/https://www.pulse.com.gh/ece-frontpage/official-ghana-goalie-razak-brimah-joins-mamelodi-sundowns/9vqrvcc |archive-date=24 June 2021 |access-date=16 June 2021 |publisher=Pulse Ghana}}</ref> ya bayyana a wata hira cewa dalilinsa na shiga kungiyar shine saboda kungiyar ita ce mafi kyau a gasar Premier ta Afirka ta Kudu da kuma a [[Afirka]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Variava |first=Yusuf |date=13 October 2017 |title=I joined Mamelodi Sundowns because they are the best team in the PSL and in Africa, says Razak Brimah |url=https://www.goal.com/en-us/news/i-joined-mamelodi-sundowns-because-they-are-the-best-team-in-the-/ujyup9tqsunu1jud7fhs8zsva |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624195441/https://www.goal.com/en-us/news/i-joined-mamelodi-sundowns-because-they-are-the-best-team-in-the-/ujyup9tqsunu1jud7fhs8zsva |archive-date=24 June 2021 |access-date=16 June 2021 |publisher=Goal}}</ref> Ya fara buga wasa a ranar 11 ga Satumba, a wasan da suka doke Free State Stars FC da ci 2-1 a waje. A kakar wasa daya tilo da ya buga, ya yi aiki a matsayin madadin Denis Onyango ga zakarun. <ref name="SAPD">{{Cite web |date=28 April 2018 |title=Ghana's Razak Brimah wins ABSA Premiership title with Mamelodi Sundowns |url=https://www.happyghana.com/ghanas-razak-brimah-wins-absa-premiership-title-with-mamelodi-sundowns/ |access-date=16 June 2021 |publisher=Happy Ghana}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 May 2018 |title=Razak Brimah wins PSL title with Mamelodi Sundowns |url=https://www.kickgh.com/more/ghanaians-abroad/5096-razak-brimah-wins-psl-title-with-mamelodi-sundowns |access-date=16 June 2021 |publisher=Kick GH}}</ref> Razak ya rabu da Sundowns a watan Agustan 2018 bisa amincewar juna, inda ya yi zargin rashin lokacin wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Variava |first=Yusuf |date=4 August 2018 |title=Razak Brimah confirms departure from Mamelodi Sundowns |url=https://www.goal.com/en-gh/news/reports-mamelodi-sundowns-and-goalkeeper-razak-brimah-part/ovogzfcr44rb19xrhvdzhv5aw |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180807030444/http://www.goal.com:80/en-gh/news/reports-mamelodi-sundowns-and-goalkeeper-razak-brimah-part/ovogzfcr44rb19xrhvdzhv5aw |archive-date=7 August 2018 |access-date=16 June 2021 |publisher=Goal}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Matakanye |first=Robert |date=6 August 2018 |title=Ghanaian Goalkeeper Razak Brimah terminates his contract with Mamelodi Sundowns |url=http://www.soka25east.com/ghanaian-goalkeeper-razak-brimah-terminates-his-contract-with-mamelodi-sundowns/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180810002152/http://www.soka25east.com:80/ghanaian-goalkeeper-razak-brimah-terminates-his-contract-with-mamelodi-sundowns |archive-date=10 August 2018 |access-date=16 June 2021 |publisher=Soka 25 East}}</ref> === Linares Deportivo === Razak ya koma Linares Deportivo na ƙungiyar Tercera División ta ƙasar Sipaniya a watan Yulin 2019, kan yarjejeniyar shekara ɗaya. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Appiah |first=Samuel Ekow Amoasi |date=25 July 2019 |title=Razak Brimah joins Spanish third-tier side Deportivo Linares |url=https://www.modernghana.com/sports/947110/razak-brimah-joins-spanish-third-tier-side-deporti.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220111091633/https://www.modernghana.com/sports/947110/razak-brimah-joins-spanish-third-tier-side-deporti.html |archive-date=11 January 2022 |access-date=16 June 2021 |publisher=Modern Ghana}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kapoor |first=Daraja Jr. |date=25 July 2019 |title=Razak Brimah joins Spanish lower-tier side Deportivo Linares |url=https://footballmadeinghana.com/2019/07/25/razak-brimah-joins-spanish-lower-tier-side-deportivo-linares/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191223191004/https://footballmadeinghana.com/2019/07/25/razak-brimah-joins-spanish-lower-tier-side-deportivo-linares/ |archive-date=23 December 2019 |access-date=16 June 2021 |publisher=Football Made in Ghana}}</ref> Ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar ta sami ci gaba a kakar wasa ta farko da maki 75, fiye da CD El Ejido da maki 27 bayan wasanni 29 kafin a rage kakar wasa saboda annobar COVID-19 . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 August 2020 |title=El Linares afirma que su objetivo era ganarse el ascenso en el campo |trans-title=Linares claim their goal was to promote on the pitch |url=https://iusport.com/art/110764/el-linares-afirma-que-su-objetivo-era-ganarse-el-ascenso-en-el-campo |access-date=10 December 2021 |publisher=Iusport |language=es}}</ref> <ref name="TERCERA">{{Cite web |date=16 August 2020 |title=Goalkeeper Razak Brimah and Linares Deportivo promoted to Spanish Segunda B |url=https://ghanasoccernet.com/goalkeeper-razak-brimah-and-linares-deportivo-promoted-to-spanish-segunda-b |access-date=16 June 2021 |publisher=Ghana Soccernet}}</ref> kuma an zaɓe ɗan wasan a matsayin mafi kyawun mai tsaron gida bayan ya zura kwallaye 13 a wasanni 25. <ref name="GOALKEEPER">{{Cite web |date=28 June 2020 |title=Ghana's Razak Brimah named Best Goalkeeper in Spain |url=https://ghanasoccernet.com/ghanas-razak-brimah-named-best-goalkeeper-in-spain |access-date=16 June 2021 |publisher=Ghana Soccernet}}</ref> [[Fayil:Brimah_Razak_AFCON_final_2015.jpg|thumb|287x287px|Razak kafin wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin kasashen Afirka ta 2015]] A watan Agusta na 2020, Razak ya tsawaita kwantiraginsa da kulob din da wata shekara. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kwafo |first=Eric Nana Yaw |date=16 August 2020 |title=Goalkeeper Razak Brimah inks contract extension at Linares Deportivo |url=https://www.modernghana.com/sports/1023367/goalkeeper-razak-brimah-inks-contract-extension.html |access-date=16 June 2021 |publisher=Modern Ghana}}</ref> A shekarar 2020–21, ya taimaka wa kungiyar ta kai wasan share fage na gasar neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai a karon farko cikin shekaru 13; <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 April 2021 |title=Razak Brimah happy over his side's promotion play off in Spanish second division |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/SportsArchive/Razak-Brimah-happy-over-his-side-s-promotion-play-off-in-Spanish-second-division-1243471 |access-date=16 June 2021 |publisher=Ghana Web}}</ref> sun sha kashi a wannan matakin, amma an daukaka su zuwa sabuwar kungiyar Primera División RFEF . An zabe shi a cikin kungiyar kakar wasa kuma ya zabi mafi kyawun mai tsaron gida, bayan ya ajiye kwallaye 15 a raga . <ref name="POTY">{{Cite web |date=7 June 2021 |title=Razak {{sic|nolink=y|Braimah}} named Spanish Segunda B goalkeeper of the season |url=https://ghanasoccernet.com/razak-braimah-named-spanish-segunda-b-goalkeeper-of-the-season |access-date=16 June 2021 |publisher=Ghana Soccernet}}</ref> == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == Razak ya fara buga wa [[Hukumar kwallon kafa ta kasa a Ghana|Ghana]] wasa sau 27 a ranar 14 ga Agusta 2013, inda ya buga wasa tsakanin sa da Turkiyya a wasan sada zumunta da suka tashi 2-2 a lokacin da aka maye gurbinsa da minti na 46. <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 August 2013 |title=Two-goal hero Gyan leads Ghana fightback in friendly draw against Turkey |url=https://ghanasoccernet.com/gyan-leads-ghana-fightback-in-friendly-draw-against-turkey |access-date=10 December 2021 |publisher=Ghana Soccernet |language=es}}</ref> Yana cikin tawagar da ta buga gasar cin kofin kasashen Afirka ta 2015, inda ya kasance zakaran farko yayin da kasar ta kai wasan karshe ; <ref>{{Cite web |last=Hughes |first=Ian |date=5 February 2015 |title=Ghana 3–0 Equatorial Guinea |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/31033703 |access-date=6 February 2015 |publisher=[[BBC Sport]]}}</ref> a wasan da suka yi da [[Ƙungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar Ivory Coast|Ivory Coast]], ya rasa damar bugun fenariti a wasan da suka sha kashi da ci 9-8. <ref name="ACN">{{Cite web |last=Hughes |first=Ian |date=8 February 2015 |title=Ivory Coast 0–0 Ghana |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/31079315 |access-date=8 February 2015 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> Razak ya fara a gasar 2017, inda ya zo na hudu a [[Gabon]] . Bayan sukar da aka yi masa kan rawar da ya taka, ya saka wani bidiyo a [[Fezbuk|Facebook]] wanda aka yi masa kallon rashin girmamawa ga 'yan kasarsa, kuma [[Ƙungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Ghana|Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Ghana ta]] ci shi tarar dala $ 2,500. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Chowdhury |first=Saj |date=2 February 2017 |title=Cameroon 2–0 Ghana |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/38753437 |access-date=10 December 2021 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 May 2017 |title=Razak Brimah yet to pay Black Stars misconduct fine |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/SportsArchive/Razak-Brimah-yet-to-pay-Black-Stars-misconduct-fine-542555 |access-date=10 December 2021 |publisher=Ghana Web}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Razak ya haifi ɗa Nasser da 'yarsa Atu, yana mai kiransu da ''<nowiki>"mafi girman abin bauta masa da rayuwarsa"</nowiki> .'' <ref name="ABROAD" /> Ya ɗaukaka mai tsaron gida na ƙasa da ƙasa na Ghana Sammy Adjei, wanda ya lashe kyaututtuka da yawa yayin da yake bugawa Accra Hearts of Oak SC wasa, kuma an kuma tuna da shi a wasan kusa da na ƙarshe na FIFA World Youth Championship a 1999 da Spain . <ref name="ABROAD" /> A ranar 28 ga Yuni 2023, Razak ya auri budurwarsa ta daɗe (kuma uwar 'ya'yansa) a Spain. <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 June 2023 |title=Goalkeeper Razak Brimah marries longtime girlfriend |url=https://footballghana.com/goalkeeper-razak-brimah-marries-longtime-girlfriend |access-date=28 June 2023 |publisher=Football Ghana}}</ref> == Ƙididdigar aiki == === Na Ƙasa da Ƙasa === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! colspan="3" |[[Hukumar kwallon kafa ta kasa a Ghana|Ghana]] <ref>{{NFT player|53355}}</ref> |- ! Shekara ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye |- | 2013 | 1 | 0 |- | 2014 | 2 | 0 |- | 2015 | 13 | 0 |- | 2016 | 6 | 0 |- | 2017 | 5 | 0 |- ! Jimilla ! 27 ! 0 |- | colspan="3" | |} == Daraja == '''Mamelodi Sundowns''' * Gasar Firimiya ta Afirka ta Kudu : 2017–18 <ref>{{Cite web |last=Said |first=Nick |date=20 July 2018 |title=Brighton sign South African striker Percy Tau |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/mamelodi-sundowns/story/3570382/brighton-sign-south-african-striker-percy-tau |access-date=10 December 2021 |publisher=[[ESPN]]}}</ref> <ref name="SAPD">{{Cite web |date=28 April 2018 |title=Ghana's Razak Brimah wins ABSA Premiership title with Mamelodi Sundowns |url=https://www.happyghana.com/ghanas-razak-brimah-wins-absa-premiership-title-with-mamelodi-sundowns/ |access-date=16 June 2021 |publisher=Happy Ghana}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.happyghana.com/ghanas-razak-brimah-wins-absa-premiership-title-with-mamelodi-sundowns/ "Ghana's Razak Brimah wins ABSA Premiership title with Mamelodi Sundowns"]. </cite></ref> '''Linares Deportivo''' * Rarraba Tercera : 2019-20 <ref name="TERCERA">{{Cite web |date=16 August 2020 |title=Goalkeeper Razak Brimah and Linares Deportivo promoted to Spanish Segunda B |url=https://ghanasoccernet.com/goalkeeper-razak-brimah-and-linares-deportivo-promoted-to-spanish-segunda-b |access-date=16 June 2021 |publisher=Ghana Soccernet}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://ghanasoccernet.com/goalkeeper-razak-brimah-and-linares-deportivo-promoted-to-spanish-segunda-b "Goalkeeper Razak Brimah and Linares Deportivo promoted to Spanish Segunda B"]. </cite></ref> '''Ghana''' * Gasar cin [[Gasar cin kofin Afrika|kofin Afirka ta 'yan wasa ta biyu]] : 2015 <ref name="ACN">{{Cite web |last=Hughes |first=Ian |date=8 February 2015 |title=Ivory Coast 0–0 Ghana |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/31079315 |access-date=8 February 2015 |publisher=BBC Sport}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFHughes2015">Hughes, Ian (8 February 2015). </cite></ref> '''Mutum ɗaya''' * Segunda División B Mafi Golan Gola: 2020–21 <ref name="POTY">{{Cite web |date=7 June 2021 |title=Razak {{sic|nolink=y|Braimah}} named Spanish Segunda B goalkeeper of the season |url=https://ghanasoccernet.com/razak-braimah-named-spanish-segunda-b-goalkeeper-of-the-season |access-date=16 June 2021 |publisher=Ghana Soccernet}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://ghanasoccernet.com/razak-braimah-named-spanish-segunda-b-goalkeeper-of-the-season "Razak Braimah&#x20;&#x5B;''sic''&#x5D; named Spanish Segunda B goalkeeper of the season"]. </cite></ref> * Kungiyar Segunda División B na kakar wasa: 2020–21 <ref name="POTY" /> * Tercera División Mafi Golan Gola: 2019–20 <ref name="GOALKEEPER">{{Cite web |date=28 June 2020 |title=Ghana's Razak Brimah named Best Goalkeeper in Spain |url=https://ghanasoccernet.com/ghanas-razak-brimah-named-best-goalkeeper-in-spain |access-date=16 June 2021 |publisher=Ghana Soccernet}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://ghanasoccernet.com/ghanas-razak-brimah-named-best-goalkeeper-in-spain "Ghana's Razak Brimah named Best Goalkeeper in Spain"]. </cite></ref> == Nassoshi == == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * Brimah Razak at ForaDeJogo (archived) * Brimah Razak at BDFutbol * Brimah Razak at LaPreferente.com (in Spanish) * {{Soccerway|razak-brimah/59975}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1987]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] cgdy3a6o4sq7kgbb1mgsq0zagz37riw 878942 878941 2026-07-08T11:31:24Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 878942 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Brimah Razak''' (an haife shi a ranar 22 ga Yuni 1987) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwararren ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] ɗan ƙasar Ghana wanda ke taka leda a matsayin [[Mai tsaran raga|mai tsaron gida]] a ƙungiyar Tercera Federación CD Torreperogil . Ya shafe mafi yawan aikinsa a Spain, yana wakiltar Guadalajara, Mirandés da Córdoba a Segunda División . Ya kuma buga wasa a Portugal da Afirka ta Kudu, inda ya lashe gasar Premier tare da Mamelodi Sundowns . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Gyamera-Antwi |first=Evans |date=18 October 2017 |title=Brimah wants to use Sundowns opportunity to return to Europe |url=https://www.goal.com/en-gh/news/brimah-wants-to-use-sundowns-opportunity-to-return-to-europe/ud0625jgecbg1dfpmhgiqr0e2 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171019105358/http://www.goal.com/en-gh/news/brimah-wants-to-use-sundowns-opportunity-to-return-to-europe/ud0625jgecbg1dfpmhgiqr0e2 |archive-date=19 October 2017 |access-date=16 June 2021 |publisher=[[Goal (website)|Goal]]}}</ref> Razak ya bayyana a [[Gasar cin kofin Afrika|gasar cin kofin Afirka]] sau biyu tare da [[Hukumar kwallon kafa ta kasa a Ghana|Ghana]], bayan da ya fara bugawa a shekarar 2013. == Aikin kulob == === Farkon aikina === Bayan da ba kasafai yake zama ɗan wasa na matasa ba, <ref name="ABROAD">{{Cite web |date=11 February 2021 |title=Ghana and Linares Deportivo goalkeeper Razak Brimah reflects on flying career abroad |url=https://ghanasoccernet.com/ghana-and-linares-deportivo-goalkeeper-razak-brimah-reflects-on-flying-career-abroad |access-date=17 June 2021 |publisher=Ghana Soccernet}}</ref> Razak wanda aka haifa a [[Accra]] ya fara aikinsa na ƙwararru a watan Janairun 2007 tare da GD Chaves na Portugal, yana wasa a Segunda Liga na ƙasar. A shekara mai zuwa ya koma rukuni na uku ya koma ƙungiyar CF União ta Madeira, inda ya zama zaɓi na farko yayin da suka zo na biyu a rukuninsu na yanki - duk da cewa ba su sami ci gaba na ƙarshe ba. <ref name="ABROAD" /> === Poli Ejido === A lokacin bazara na 2008, Razak ya koma ƙungiyar da ya riga ya wakilci a matsayin matashi, Polideportivo Ejido a Segunda División B ta Spain. Ya goyi bayan tsohon ɗan wasan Joaquín Valerio a kakar wasa ɗaya tilo . <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 January 2009 |title=El Poli quiere seguir soñando ante el Espanyol |trans-title=Poli want to dream on against Espanyol |url=https://www.defensacentral.com/mas_futbol/19296-el-poli-quiere-seguir-sonando-ante-el-espanyol |access-date=10 December 2021 |publisher=Defensa Central |language=es}}</ref> === Betis === Razak ya rattaba hannu da Real Betis a shekarar 2009, amma ya shafe shekararsa ta farko a gasar da ta gabata, domin ya fito ne kawai a ƙungiyar 'yan wasa ta reserve . An ɗaukaka shi zuwa ƙungiyar farko a kakar wasa ta 2010–11, tare da 'yan [[Andalusia|Andalusians]] a gasar Segunda División . Razak ya fara buga wasa a gasar a ranar 1 ga Satumba 2010, inda ya buga cikakken mintuna 90 a wasan Copa del Rey da UD Salamanca, wanda ya yi nasara a gida da ci 2-1 . === Mai Tafiya === Razak ya yi canji tsakanin matakin na biyu da na uku na ƙwallon ƙafa ta Sipaniya a cikin shekaru masu zuwa, yana wakiltar CD Tenerife, CD Guadalajara, Córdoba CF B da CD Mirandés . A ranar 29 ga Yuli 2015 ya koma Córdoba, yanzu an sanya shi cikin babban ƙungiyar kuma a rukuni na biyu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 July 2015 |title=Razak nuevo jugador del CCF |trans-title=Razak new player of CCF |url=http://www.cordobacf.com/-/razak-nuevo-jugador-del-ccf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150801031150/http://www.cordobacf.com/-/razak-nuevo-jugador-del-ccf |archive-date=1 August 2015 |access-date=29 July 2015 |publisher=Córdoba CF |language=es}}</ref> === Mamelodi Sundowns === A watan Agusta na 2017, Razak ya koma Mamelodi Sundowns FC ; <ref>{{Cite web |last=Gyimah |first=Edmund Okai |date=1 August 2017 |title=Razak Brimah joins Mamelodi Sundowns |url=https://footballmadeinghana.com/2017/08/01/razak-brimah-joins-mamelodi-sundowns/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200926030333/https://footballmadeinghana.com/2017/08/01/razak-brimah-joins-mamelodi-sundowns/ |archive-date=26 September 2020 |access-date=16 June 2021 |publisher=Football Made in Ghana}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 August 2017 |title=Razak Brimah joins South African giants Mamelodi Sundowns |url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/razak-brimah-joins-south-african-giants-mamelodi-sundowns/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624200159/https://www.myjoyonline.com/razak-brimah-joins-south-african-giants-mamelodi-sundowns/ |archive-date=24 June 2021 |access-date=16 June 2021 |publisher=My Joy Online}}</ref> ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru uku a matsayin dan wasa mai zaman kansa, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Yeboah |first=Thomas Freeman |date=1 August 2017 |title=Ghana goalie Razak Brimah joins Mamelodi Sundowns |url=https://www.pulse.com.gh/ece-frontpage/official-ghana-goalie-razak-brimah-joins-mamelodi-sundowns/9vqrvcc |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624201236/https://www.pulse.com.gh/ece-frontpage/official-ghana-goalie-razak-brimah-joins-mamelodi-sundowns/9vqrvcc |archive-date=24 June 2021 |access-date=16 June 2021 |publisher=Pulse Ghana}}</ref> ya bayyana a wata hira cewa dalilinsa na shiga kungiyar shine saboda kungiyar ita ce mafi kyau a gasar Premier ta Afirka ta Kudu da kuma a [[Afirka]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Variava |first=Yusuf |date=13 October 2017 |title=I joined Mamelodi Sundowns because they are the best team in the PSL and in Africa, says Razak Brimah |url=https://www.goal.com/en-us/news/i-joined-mamelodi-sundowns-because-they-are-the-best-team-in-the-/ujyup9tqsunu1jud7fhs8zsva |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624195441/https://www.goal.com/en-us/news/i-joined-mamelodi-sundowns-because-they-are-the-best-team-in-the-/ujyup9tqsunu1jud7fhs8zsva |archive-date=24 June 2021 |access-date=16 June 2021 |publisher=Goal}}</ref> Ya fara buga wasa a ranar 11 ga Satumba, a wasan da suka doke Free State Stars FC da ci 2-1 a waje. A kakar wasa daya tilo da ya buga, ya yi aiki a matsayin madadin Denis Onyango ga zakarun. <ref name="SAPD">{{Cite web |date=28 April 2018 |title=Ghana's Razak Brimah wins ABSA Premiership title with Mamelodi Sundowns |url=https://www.happyghana.com/ghanas-razak-brimah-wins-absa-premiership-title-with-mamelodi-sundowns/ |access-date=16 June 2021 |publisher=Happy Ghana}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 May 2018 |title=Razak Brimah wins PSL title with Mamelodi Sundowns |url=https://www.kickgh.com/more/ghanaians-abroad/5096-razak-brimah-wins-psl-title-with-mamelodi-sundowns |access-date=16 June 2021 |publisher=Kick GH}}</ref> Razak ya rabu da Sundowns a watan Agustan 2018 bisa amincewar juna, inda ya yi zargin rashin lokacin wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Variava |first=Yusuf |date=4 August 2018 |title=Razak Brimah confirms departure from Mamelodi Sundowns |url=https://www.goal.com/en-gh/news/reports-mamelodi-sundowns-and-goalkeeper-razak-brimah-part/ovogzfcr44rb19xrhvdzhv5aw |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180807030444/http://www.goal.com:80/en-gh/news/reports-mamelodi-sundowns-and-goalkeeper-razak-brimah-part/ovogzfcr44rb19xrhvdzhv5aw |archive-date=7 August 2018 |access-date=16 June 2021 |publisher=Goal}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Matakanye |first=Robert |date=6 August 2018 |title=Ghanaian Goalkeeper Razak Brimah terminates his contract with Mamelodi Sundowns |url=http://www.soka25east.com/ghanaian-goalkeeper-razak-brimah-terminates-his-contract-with-mamelodi-sundowns/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180810002152/http://www.soka25east.com:80/ghanaian-goalkeeper-razak-brimah-terminates-his-contract-with-mamelodi-sundowns |archive-date=10 August 2018 |access-date=16 June 2021 |publisher=Soka 25 East}}</ref> === Linares Deportivo === Razak ya koma Linares Deportivo na ƙungiyar Tercera División ta ƙasar Sipaniya a watan Yulin 2019, kan yarjejeniyar shekara ɗaya. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Appiah |first=Samuel Ekow Amoasi |date=25 July 2019 |title=Razak Brimah joins Spanish third-tier side Deportivo Linares |url=https://www.modernghana.com/sports/947110/razak-brimah-joins-spanish-third-tier-side-deporti.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220111091633/https://www.modernghana.com/sports/947110/razak-brimah-joins-spanish-third-tier-side-deporti.html |archive-date=11 January 2022 |access-date=16 June 2021 |publisher=Modern Ghana}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kapoor |first=Daraja Jr. |date=25 July 2019 |title=Razak Brimah joins Spanish lower-tier side Deportivo Linares |url=https://footballmadeinghana.com/2019/07/25/razak-brimah-joins-spanish-lower-tier-side-deportivo-linares/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191223191004/https://footballmadeinghana.com/2019/07/25/razak-brimah-joins-spanish-lower-tier-side-deportivo-linares/ |archive-date=23 December 2019 |access-date=16 June 2021 |publisher=Football Made in Ghana}}</ref> Ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar ta sami ci gaba a kakar wasa ta farko da maki 75, fiye da CD El Ejido da maki 27 bayan wasanni 29 kafin a rage kakar wasa saboda annobar COVID-19 . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 August 2020 |title=El Linares afirma que su objetivo era ganarse el ascenso en el campo |trans-title=Linares claim their goal was to promote on the pitch |url=https://iusport.com/art/110764/el-linares-afirma-que-su-objetivo-era-ganarse-el-ascenso-en-el-campo |access-date=10 December 2021 |publisher=Iusport |language=es}}</ref> <ref name="TERCERA">{{Cite web |date=16 August 2020 |title=Goalkeeper Razak Brimah and Linares Deportivo promoted to Spanish Segunda B |url=https://ghanasoccernet.com/goalkeeper-razak-brimah-and-linares-deportivo-promoted-to-spanish-segunda-b |access-date=16 June 2021 |publisher=Ghana Soccernet}}</ref> kuma an zaɓe ɗan wasan a matsayin mafi kyawun mai tsaron gida bayan ya zura kwallaye 13 a wasanni 25. <ref name="GOALKEEPER">{{Cite web |date=28 June 2020 |title=Ghana's Razak Brimah named Best Goalkeeper in Spain |url=https://ghanasoccernet.com/ghanas-razak-brimah-named-best-goalkeeper-in-spain |access-date=16 June 2021 |publisher=Ghana Soccernet}}</ref> [[Fayil:Brimah_Razak_AFCON_final_2015.jpg|thumb|287x287px|Razak kafin wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin kasashen Afirka ta 2015]] A watan Agusta na 2020, Razak ya tsawaita kwantiraginsa da kulob din da wata shekara. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kwafo |first=Eric Nana Yaw |date=16 August 2020 |title=Goalkeeper Razak Brimah inks contract extension at Linares Deportivo |url=https://www.modernghana.com/sports/1023367/goalkeeper-razak-brimah-inks-contract-extension.html |access-date=16 June 2021 |publisher=Modern Ghana}}</ref> A shekarar 2020–21, ya taimaka wa kungiyar ta kai wasan share fage na gasar neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai a karon farko cikin shekaru 13; <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 April 2021 |title=Razak Brimah happy over his side's promotion play off in Spanish second division |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/SportsArchive/Razak-Brimah-happy-over-his-side-s-promotion-play-off-in-Spanish-second-division-1243471 |access-date=16 June 2021 |publisher=Ghana Web}}</ref> sun sha kashi a wannan matakin, amma an daukaka su zuwa sabuwar kungiyar Primera División RFEF . An zabe shi a cikin kungiyar kakar wasa kuma ya zabi mafi kyawun mai tsaron gida, bayan ya ajiye kwallaye 15 a raga . <ref name="POTY">{{Cite web |date=7 June 2021 |title=Razak {{sic|nolink=y|Braimah}} named Spanish Segunda B goalkeeper of the season |url=https://ghanasoccernet.com/razak-braimah-named-spanish-segunda-b-goalkeeper-of-the-season |access-date=16 June 2021 |publisher=Ghana Soccernet}}</ref> == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == Razak ya fara buga wa [[Hukumar kwallon kafa ta kasa a Ghana|Ghana]] wasa sau 27 a ranar 14 ga Agusta 2013, inda ya buga wasa tsakanin sa da Turkiyya a wasan sada zumunta da suka tashi 2-2 a lokacin da aka maye gurbinsa da minti na 46. <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 August 2013 |title=Two-goal hero Gyan leads Ghana fightback in friendly draw against Turkey |url=https://ghanasoccernet.com/gyan-leads-ghana-fightback-in-friendly-draw-against-turkey |access-date=10 December 2021 |publisher=Ghana Soccernet |language=es}}</ref> Yana cikin tawagar da ta buga gasar cin kofin kasashen Afirka ta 2015, inda ya kasance zakaran farko yayin da kasar ta kai wasan karshe ; <ref>{{Cite web |last=Hughes |first=Ian |date=5 February 2015 |title=Ghana 3–0 Equatorial Guinea |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/31033703 |access-date=6 February 2015 |publisher=[[BBC Sport]]}}</ref> a wasan da suka yi da [[Ƙungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar Ivory Coast|Ivory Coast]], ya rasa damar bugun fenariti a wasan da suka sha kashi da ci 9-8. <ref name="ACN">{{Cite web |last=Hughes |first=Ian |date=8 February 2015 |title=Ivory Coast 0–0 Ghana |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/31079315 |access-date=8 February 2015 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> Razak ya fara a gasar 2017, inda ya zo na hudu a [[Gabon]] . Bayan sukar da aka yi masa kan rawar da ya taka, ya saka wani bidiyo a [[Fezbuk|Facebook]] wanda aka yi masa kallon rashin girmamawa ga 'yan kasarsa, kuma [[Ƙungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Ghana|Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Ghana ta]] ci shi tarar dala $ 2,500. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Chowdhury |first=Saj |date=2 February 2017 |title=Cameroon 2–0 Ghana |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/38753437 |access-date=10 December 2021 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 May 2017 |title=Razak Brimah yet to pay Black Stars misconduct fine |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/SportsArchive/Razak-Brimah-yet-to-pay-Black-Stars-misconduct-fine-542555 |access-date=10 December 2021 |publisher=Ghana Web}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Razak ya haifi ɗa Nasser da 'yarsa Atu, yana mai kiransu da ''<nowiki>"mafi girman abin bauta masa da rayuwarsa"</nowiki> .'' <ref name="ABROAD" /> Ya ɗaukaka mai tsaron gida na ƙasa da ƙasa na Ghana Sammy Adjei, wanda ya lashe kyaututtuka da yawa yayin da yake bugawa Accra Hearts of Oak SC wasa, kuma an kuma tuna da shi a wasan kusa da na ƙarshe na FIFA World Youth Championship a 1999 da Spain . <ref name="ABROAD" /> A ranar 28 ga Yuni 2023, Razak ya auri budurwarsa ta daɗe (kuma uwar 'ya'yansa) a Spain. <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 June 2023 |title=Goalkeeper Razak Brimah marries longtime girlfriend |url=https://footballghana.com/goalkeeper-razak-brimah-marries-longtime-girlfriend |access-date=28 June 2023 |publisher=Football Ghana}}</ref> == Ƙididdigar aiki == === Na Ƙasa da Ƙasa === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! colspan="3" |[[Hukumar kwallon kafa ta kasa a Ghana|Ghana]] <ref>{{NFT player|53355}}</ref> |- ! Shekara ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye |- | 2013 | 1 | 0 |- | 2014 | 2 | 0 |- | 2015 | 13 | 0 |- | 2016 | 6 | 0 |- | 2017 | 5 | 0 |- ! Jimilla ! 27 ! 0 |- | colspan="3" | |} == Daraja == '''Mamelodi Sundowns''' * Gasar Firimiya ta Afirka ta Kudu : 2017–18 <ref>{{Cite web |last=Said |first=Nick |date=20 July 2018 |title=Brighton sign South African striker Percy Tau |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/mamelodi-sundowns/story/3570382/brighton-sign-south-african-striker-percy-tau |access-date=10 December 2021 |publisher=[[ESPN]]}}</ref> <ref name="SAPD">{{Cite web |date=28 April 2018 |title=Ghana's Razak Brimah wins ABSA Premiership title with Mamelodi Sundowns |url=https://www.happyghana.com/ghanas-razak-brimah-wins-absa-premiership-title-with-mamelodi-sundowns/ |access-date=16 June 2021 |publisher=Happy Ghana}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.happyghana.com/ghanas-razak-brimah-wins-absa-premiership-title-with-mamelodi-sundowns/ "Ghana's Razak Brimah wins ABSA Premiership title with Mamelodi Sundowns"]. </cite></ref> '''Linares Deportivo''' * Rarraba Tercera : 2019-20 <ref name="TERCERA">{{Cite web |date=16 August 2020 |title=Goalkeeper Razak Brimah and Linares Deportivo promoted to Spanish Segunda B |url=https://ghanasoccernet.com/goalkeeper-razak-brimah-and-linares-deportivo-promoted-to-spanish-segunda-b |access-date=16 June 2021 |publisher=Ghana Soccernet}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://ghanasoccernet.com/goalkeeper-razak-brimah-and-linares-deportivo-promoted-to-spanish-segunda-b "Goalkeeper Razak Brimah and Linares Deportivo promoted to Spanish Segunda B"]. </cite></ref> '''Ghana''' * Gasar cin [[Gasar cin kofin Afrika|kofin Afirka ta 'yan wasa ta biyu]] : 2015 <ref name="ACN">{{Cite web |last=Hughes |first=Ian |date=8 February 2015 |title=Ivory Coast 0–0 Ghana |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/31079315 |access-date=8 February 2015 |publisher=BBC Sport}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFHughes2015">Hughes, Ian (8 February 2015). </cite></ref> '''Mutum ɗaya''' * Segunda División B Mafi Golan Gola: 2020–21 <ref name="POTY">{{Cite web |date=7 June 2021 |title=Razak {{sic|nolink=y|Braimah}} named Spanish Segunda B goalkeeper of the season |url=https://ghanasoccernet.com/razak-braimah-named-spanish-segunda-b-goalkeeper-of-the-season |access-date=16 June 2021 |publisher=Ghana Soccernet}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://ghanasoccernet.com/razak-braimah-named-spanish-segunda-b-goalkeeper-of-the-season "Razak Braimah&#x20;&#x5B;''sic''&#x5D; named Spanish Segunda B goalkeeper of the season"]. </cite></ref> * Kungiyar Segunda División B na kakar wasa: 2020–21 <ref name="POTY" /> * Tercera División Mafi Golan Gola: 2019–20 <ref name="GOALKEEPER">{{Cite web |date=28 June 2020 |title=Ghana's Razak Brimah named Best Goalkeeper in Spain |url=https://ghanasoccernet.com/ghanas-razak-brimah-named-best-goalkeeper-in-spain |access-date=16 June 2021 |publisher=Ghana Soccernet}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://ghanasoccernet.com/ghanas-razak-brimah-named-best-goalkeeper-in-spain "Ghana's Razak Brimah named Best Goalkeeper in Spain"]. </cite></ref> == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * Brimah Razak at ForaDeJogo (archived) * Brimah Razak at BDFutbol * Brimah Razak at LaPreferente.com (in Spanish) * {{Soccerway|razak-brimah/59975}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1987]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} dbrc208bvf950tp71ymp0ptpxywmv0r 0 161090 878950 2026-07-08T11:39:51Z Arcdanumma047 38699 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1350686235|Old Central School]]" 878950 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Makarantar Old Central''' makaranta ce da ke kan titin Wimbledon Common, kudu maso yammacin London, wacce aka kafa a shekarar 1758. An rufe ta a shekarar 1965 lokacin da Makarantar Bishop Gilpin ta karɓe ta, sabuwar makaranta a wani wuri daban a Wimbledon. Ginin makarantar da aka gina a kan titin Camp Road a shekarar 1758, har yanzu yana nan a shekarar 2012 kuma ana amfani da shi a matsayin wani ɓangare na wata makaranta mai zaman kanta, The Study . == Tarihi == A watan Yunin 1757, wani gungun manyan mutane na yankin sun haɗu a wata Asabar da daddare a gidan giya na ''Rose and Crown'' da ke ƙauyen Wimbledon don tattauna shirye-shiryen makarantar agaji . An tara isassun kuɗi tun lokacin da aka yi wannan ra'ayin shekaru biyu da suka gabata kuma yanzu dole ne a yi cikakken bayani. A shekara ta 1758, kotun gidan sarauta ta ba da izini ga limamin cocin da wasu su "rufe da kuma katangar - wani yanki ko yanki na fili, wanda ke kan Wimbledon Common don amfani da makarantar agaji" kuma an gina ginin farko mai siffar murabba'i. Ba ita ce makarantar agaji ta farko a Wimbledon ba. SPCK ta lissafa makarantun agaji guda biyu a Wimbledon a cikin rahotonta na 1724. Amma da yawa daga cikin makarantun agaji da aka kafa a faɗin ƙasar a farkon ƙarni na 18 sun rufe saboda rashin tallafi. Da farko, ci gaban bai yi kyau ba bayan gina ginin makarantar. Malamin makarantar ya yi jayayya da jami'an cocin kuma makarantar ba ta aiki yadda ya kamata ba sai a shekarar 1773 lokacin da aka gyara ginin aka fara amfani da littafin mintuna har zuwa shekarar 1839. Amintattun farko sun haɗa da babban firist, Rev. John Cooksey da William Wilberforce, kawun mai fafutukar yaƙi da bauta mai suna ɗaya. Makarantar ta sami tallafi daga biyan kuɗi. Ubangijin Manor, Earl Spencer na farko yana ba da guineas 10 a shekara. Firayim Minista na gaba, Marquess of Rockingham, yana ba da biyar yayin da yake zaune a Wimbledon. A shekara ta 1773, an naɗa Joseph Andrewes a matsayin malamin makaranta akan £50 a kowace shekara don ya koyar da maza 50 da 'yan mata 50 tare da taimakon matarsa, kuma ya ci gaba da aiki har zuwa mutuwarsa shekaru 15 bayan haka. Manhajar karatun ta takaita ne ga karatu (Littafi Mai Tsarki shine littafin karatu), rubutu, kuma, tun daga shekara ta 1778, ƙa'idodi huɗu na lissafi. [[William Wilberforce]], ɗan'uwan ɗaya daga cikin amintattun farko, ya kasance ma'ajin makarantar na ɗan lokaci yayin da yake zaune a Wimbledon. Lord Nelson, wanda kadarorinsa suka faɗaɗa zuwa Wimbledon, shi ma ya ba da goyon bayansa ga makarantar: asusun 1806 sun haɗa da "Lord Viscount Nelson da Lady Hamilton waɗanda aka amince da su £4 4s.0d" ( guineas huɗu). An san ta da Makarantar Ƙasa a mafi yawan ƙarni na 19, kuma an kira ta da "Tsohon Tsakiya" a cikin wata takarda ta 1893, wataƙila don bambanta ta da sabbin makarantun da aka kafa a Wimbledon tun lokacin da Dokar Ilimi ta 1870 ta faɗaɗa ilimin firamare ga dukkan yara. John William Selby shine shugaban makarantar a shekarar 1889 kuma shine shugaban farko na ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Old Central, wanda daga baya ya zama Wimbledon FC kuma ya buga wasa a Wimbledon Common a lokacin ƙuruciyarsu. Shugaban makarantar a shekarar 1950 Mista Henning ne; ana tuna 'Pop' Henning a matsayin shugaban makarantar a lokacin 1955-1964, kuma yana tuka motar Ford 100E mai launin toka, rajista ta ƙare '...24'. Sauran malaman da aka tuna a wannan lokacin sun haɗa da Mista Snowdon, Misis Greet, da Miss Venables, Misis Pitman, Mista Knowling (daga New Zealand) == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] gh0m322gfojrtqjuxxh45y8kx3dd65g 878951 878950 2026-07-08T11:40:35Z Arcdanumma047 38699 878951 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Makarantar Old Central''' makaranta ce da ke kan titin Wimbledon Common, kudu maso yammacin London, wacce aka kafa a shekarar 1758. An rufe ta a shekarar 1965 lokacin da Makarantar Bishop Gilpin ta karɓe ta, sabuwar makaranta a wani wuri daban a Wimbledon. Ginin makarantar da aka gina a kan titin Camp Road a shekarar 1758, har yanzu yana nan a shekarar 2012 kuma ana amfani da shi a matsayin wani ɓangare na wata makaranta mai zaman kanta, The Study . == Tarihi == A watan Yunin 1757, wani gungun manyan mutane na yankin sun haɗu a wata Asabar da daddare a gidan giya na ''Rose and Crown'' da ke ƙauyen Wimbledon don tattauna shirye-shiryen makarantar agaji . An tara isassun kuɗi tun lokacin da aka yi wannan ra'ayin shekaru biyu da suka gabata kuma yanzu dole ne a yi cikakken bayani. A shekara ta 1758, kotun gidan sarauta ta ba da izini ga limamin cocin da wasu su "rufe da kuma katangar - wani yanki ko yanki na fili, wanda ke kan Wimbledon Common don amfani da makarantar agaji" kuma an gina ginin farko mai siffar murabba'i. Ba ita ce makarantar agaji ta farko a Wimbledon ba. SPCK ta lissafa makarantun agaji guda biyu a Wimbledon a cikin rahotonta na 1724. Amma da yawa daga cikin makarantun agaji da aka kafa a faɗin ƙasar a farkon ƙarni na 18 sun rufe saboda rashin tallafi. Da farko, ci gaban bai yi kyau ba bayan gina ginin makarantar. Malamin makarantar ya yi jayayya da jami'an cocin kuma makarantar ba ta aiki yadda ya kamata ba sai a shekarar 1773 lokacin da aka gyara ginin aka fara amfani da littafin mintuna har zuwa shekarar 1839. Amintattun farko sun haɗa da babban firist, Rev. John Cooksey da William Wilberforce, kawun mai fafutukar yaƙi da bauta mai suna ɗaya. Makarantar ta sami tallafi daga biyan kuɗi. Ubangijin Manor, Earl Spencer na farko yana ba da guineas 10 a shekara. Firayim Minista na gaba, Marquess of Rockingham, yana ba da biyar yayin da yake zaune a Wimbledon. A shekara ta 1773, an naɗa Joseph Andrewes a matsayin malamin makaranta akan £50 a kowace shekara don ya koyar da maza 50 da 'yan mata 50 tare da taimakon matarsa, kuma ya ci gaba da aiki har zuwa mutuwarsa shekaru 15 bayan haka. Manhajar karatun ta takaita ne ga karatu (Littafi Mai Tsarki shine littafin karatu), rubutu, kuma, tun daga shekara ta 1778, ƙa'idodi huɗu na lissafi. [[William Wilberforce]], ɗan'uwan ɗaya daga cikin amintattun farko, ya kasance ma'ajin makarantar na ɗan lokaci yayin da yake zaune a Wimbledon. Lord Nelson, wanda kadarorinsa suka faɗaɗa zuwa Wimbledon, shi ma ya ba da goyon bayansa ga makarantar: asusun 1806 sun haɗa da "Lord Viscount Nelson da Lady Hamilton waɗanda aka amince da su £4 4s.0d" ( guineas huɗu). An san ta da Makarantar Ƙasa a mafi yawan ƙarni na 19, kuma an kira ta da "Tsohon Tsakiya" a cikin wata takarda ta 1893, wataƙila don bambanta ta da sabbin makarantun da aka kafa a Wimbledon tun lokacin da Dokar Ilimi ta 1870 ta faɗaɗa ilimin firamare ga dukkan yara. John William Selby shine shugaban makarantar a shekarar 1889 kuma shine shugaban farko na ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Old Central, wanda daga baya ya zama Wimbledon FC kuma ya buga wasa a Wimbledon Common a lokacin ƙuruciyarsu. Shugaban makarantar a shekarar 1950 Mista Henning ne; ana tuna 'Pop' Henning a matsayin shugaban makarantar a lokacin 1955-1964, kuma yana tuka motar Ford 100E mai launin toka, rajista ta ƙare '...24'. Sauran malaman da aka tuna a wannan lokacin sun haɗa da Mista Snowdon, Misis Greet, da Miss Venables, Misis Pitman, Mista Knowling (daga New Zealand) == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] qxz3x45vvb5cpxmwwhqwi62nszbogzv 0 161091 878952 2026-07-08T11:44:08Z Arcdanumma047 38699 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1339767337|Colton Hills Community School]]" 878952 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Colton Hills Community School''' is a mixed secondary school and sixth form situated in the Goldthorn Park area of [[Wolverhampton]], West Midlands, England. == Shiga == The school has over 1100 pupils on its roll, including sixth formers.<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 June 2022 |title=Colton Hills Community School |url=https://reports.ofsted.gov.uk/provider/23/104395 |website=Ofsted}}</ref> It is situated halfway between Goldthorn Park and Penn. Park Hill is to the east, and the school is close to the LEA boundary with Dudley (Sedgley). Access is via the A4039, to the north, and is not far from the A449, to the west. == Tarihi == === Makarantar nahawu === Makarantar Grammar Municipal ta Wolverhampton tana kan titin Newhampton East, wacce Kwamitin Ilimi na Wolverhampton ke gudanarwa, kuma tana da ilimi tare, lokacin da Wolverhampton ke Staffordshire . Ginin yanzu shine Cibiyar Newhampton ta Kwalejin Birnin Wolverhampton . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Newhampton Centre |url=http://www.wolvcoll.ac.uk/admin/howto_newhampton.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101109044821/http://www.wolvcoll.ac.uk/admin/howto_newhampton.asp |archive-date=9 November 2010 |access-date=12 December 2010}}</ref> An san shi da Makarantar Sakandare ta Manyan Makarantu daga 1894 zuwa 1921, da Makarantar Sakandare ta Birnin Wolverhampton daga 1921 zuwa 1945. Daga 1977, Makarantar Valley Park ta yi amfani da ginin har zuwa 1989. An fi sanin makarantar da 'Muni', kuma taken makarantar shine ''Post Tenebras Lux'', wanda ke nufin 'Daga Duhu Haske Ya Zo', wanda kuma shine taken Birnin Wolverhampton da kansa. Makarantar Al'umma ta Colton Hills a halin yanzu tana ɗauke da ɗalibai 1,009. === Cikakke === Makarantar Sakandare ta Graiseley makaranta ce ta zamani ta ilimi ta haɗin gwiwa, wacce aka kafa a shekarar 1963. Yanzu haka ita ce Makarantar Firamare ta Graiseley a kan Tudun Graiseley. Akwai Makarantar Sakandare ta Maza ta Graiseley da Makarantar Sakandare ta Mata ta Graiseley. Makarantar Sakandare ta Penn tana kan titin Manor a Penn . An kafa Makarantar Colton Hills a watan Satumba na 1974 daga haɗakar makarantun sakandare na zamani na Graiseley da Penn a gundumar Graiseley ta [[Wolverhampton]] da kuma Makarantar Grammar Municipal ta Wolverhampton da ke Whitmore Reans . Da farko ta kasance a cikin gine-ginen waɗannan makarantu biyu kafin ta koma [https://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/1634371 wurin] da ke Goldthorn Park a shekarar 1975, <ref>{{Cite web |title=New site |url=http://www.localhistory.scit.wlv.ac.uk/listed/localist/municipgs.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111112101654/http://www.localhistory.scit.wlv.ac.uk/listed/localist/municipgs.htm |archive-date=12 November 2011 |access-date=11 October 2010}}</ref> a kan fili wanda Wolverhampton ta samu daga Sedgley a sake fasalin gwamnatin ƙaramar hukuma ta 1966. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sedgley Local History Society |url=http://www.sedgleylocalhistory.org.uk/Map.html}}</ref> Da farko an san shi da Makarantar Sakandare ta Colton Hills, inda aka yi amfani da wurin Newhampton Road na ɗan lokaci. Makarantar Ƙasa, wacce ta ƙunshi shekaru biyu na farko na sakandare, tana wurin Manor Road har zuwa 1992-3 lokacin da waɗannan shekarun suka koma babban wurin. Daga baya aka rushe wurin Manor Road aka maye gurbinsa da Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Penn da gidaje. An naɗa ta a matsayin ƙwararren harshe tun daga shekarar 2006 kuma makarantar haɗin gwiwa ce ta Creative Partnership tun daga shekarar 2008. Yawan ɗalibanta ya bambanta da na sauran kabilu, inda mafi yawansu ke da asalin Indiya. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2019)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> == Kayan aiki == Kayan aikin makarantar sun haɗa da wurin wanka wanda kuma a buɗe yake ga jama'a. Hakanan yana da filin wasa, AstroTurf, gidan wasan kwaikwayo, zauren wasanni da ɗakin rawa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Swimming pool |url=http://www.wolverhampton.gov.uk/leisure_culture/sports/types/water/swimming/clubs/colt_hils.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110612045338/http://www.wolverhampton.gov.uk/leisure_culture/sports/types/water/swimming/clubs/colt_hils.htm |archive-date=12 June 2011 |access-date=11 October 2010}}</ref> == Fitattun tsofaffin ɗalibai == * Kevin Darley, ɗan wasan tsere <ref>{{Cite web |title=Darley surprise leader as race enters final furlong |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/horseracing/4770527/Darley-surprise-leader-as-race-enters-final-furlong.html |website=www.telegraph.co.uk}}</ref> * Delicious Orie, ɗan dambe, wanda ya lashe lambar zinare a Gasar Commonwealth ta 2022 <ref>{{Cite web |last=Maher |first=Matt |title=Delicious Orie is boxing clever on his long road to glory |url=https://www.expressandstar.com/sport/commonwealthgames/2022/07/26/delicious-orie-is-boxing-clever-on-his-long-road-to-glory/ |website=www.expressandstar.com}}</ref> === Makarantar Nazari ta Gundumar Wolverhampton === * Frances Barber, 'yar wasan kwaikwayo * Howard R. Davies, zakaran tseren babur * Jon Raven, mawaƙi == Duba kuma == * Makarantar Grammar ta Wolverhampton, makarantar 'yan ƙasa mai zaman kanta == Manazarta == r6v2r0sl54avyebyje50o5oako375uu 878953 878952 2026-07-08T11:44:48Z Arcdanumma047 38699 878953 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Colton Hills Community School''' is a mixed secondary school and sixth form situated in the Goldthorn Park area of [[Wolverhampton]], West Midlands, England. == Shiga == The school has over 1100 pupils on its roll, including sixth formers.<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 June 2022 |title=Colton Hills Community School |url=https://reports.ofsted.gov.uk/provider/23/104395 |website=Ofsted}}</ref> It is situated halfway between Goldthorn Park and Penn. Park Hill is to the east, and the school is close to the LEA boundary with Dudley (Sedgley). Access is via the A4039, to the north, and is not far from the A449, to the west. == Tarihi == === Makarantar nahawu === Makarantar Grammar Municipal ta Wolverhampton tana kan titin Newhampton East, wacce Kwamitin Ilimi na Wolverhampton ke gudanarwa, kuma tana da ilimi tare, lokacin da Wolverhampton ke Staffordshire . Ginin yanzu shine Cibiyar Newhampton ta Kwalejin Birnin Wolverhampton . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Newhampton Centre |url=http://www.wolvcoll.ac.uk/admin/howto_newhampton.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101109044821/http://www.wolvcoll.ac.uk/admin/howto_newhampton.asp |archive-date=9 November 2010 |access-date=12 December 2010}}</ref> An san shi da Makarantar Sakandare ta Manyan Makarantu daga 1894 zuwa 1921, da Makarantar Sakandare ta Birnin Wolverhampton daga 1921 zuwa 1945. Daga 1977, Makarantar Valley Park ta yi amfani da ginin har zuwa 1989. An fi sanin makarantar da 'Muni', kuma taken makarantar shine ''Post Tenebras Lux'', wanda ke nufin 'Daga Duhu Haske Ya Zo', wanda kuma shine taken Birnin Wolverhampton da kansa. Makarantar Al'umma ta Colton Hills a halin yanzu tana ɗauke da ɗalibai 1,009. === Cikakke === Makarantar Sakandare ta Graiseley makaranta ce ta zamani ta ilimi ta haɗin gwiwa, wacce aka kafa a shekarar 1963. Yanzu haka ita ce Makarantar Firamare ta Graiseley a kan Tudun Graiseley. Akwai Makarantar Sakandare ta Maza ta Graiseley da Makarantar Sakandare ta Mata ta Graiseley. Makarantar Sakandare ta Penn tana kan titin Manor a Penn . An kafa Makarantar Colton Hills a watan Satumba na 1974 daga haɗakar makarantun sakandare na zamani na Graiseley da Penn a gundumar Graiseley ta [[Wolverhampton]] da kuma Makarantar Grammar Municipal ta Wolverhampton da ke Whitmore Reans . Da farko ta kasance a cikin gine-ginen waɗannan makarantu biyu kafin ta koma [https://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/1634371 wurin] da ke Goldthorn Park a shekarar 1975, <ref>{{Cite web |title=New site |url=http://www.localhistory.scit.wlv.ac.uk/listed/localist/municipgs.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111112101654/http://www.localhistory.scit.wlv.ac.uk/listed/localist/municipgs.htm |archive-date=12 November 2011 |access-date=11 October 2010}}</ref> a kan fili wanda Wolverhampton ta samu daga Sedgley a sake fasalin gwamnatin ƙaramar hukuma ta 1966. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sedgley Local History Society |url=http://www.sedgleylocalhistory.org.uk/Map.html}}</ref> Da farko an san shi da Makarantar Sakandare ta Colton Hills, inda aka yi amfani da wurin Newhampton Road na ɗan lokaci. Makarantar Ƙasa, wacce ta ƙunshi shekaru biyu na farko na sakandare, tana wurin Manor Road har zuwa 1992-3 lokacin da waɗannan shekarun suka koma babban wurin. Daga baya aka rushe wurin Manor Road aka maye gurbinsa da Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Penn da gidaje. An naɗa ta a matsayin ƙwararren harshe tun daga shekarar 2006 kuma makarantar haɗin gwiwa ce ta Creative Partnership tun daga shekarar 2008. Yawan ɗalibanta ya bambanta da na sauran kabilu, inda mafi yawansu ke da asalin Indiya. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2019)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> == Kayan aiki == Kayan aikin makarantar sun haɗa da wurin wanka wanda kuma a buɗe yake ga jama'a. Hakanan yana da filin wasa, AstroTurf, gidan wasan kwaikwayo, zauren wasanni da ɗakin rawa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Swimming pool |url=http://www.wolverhampton.gov.uk/leisure_culture/sports/types/water/swimming/clubs/colt_hils.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110612045338/http://www.wolverhampton.gov.uk/leisure_culture/sports/types/water/swimming/clubs/colt_hils.htm |archive-date=12 June 2011 |access-date=11 October 2010}}</ref> == Fitattun tsofaffin ɗalibai == * Kevin Darley, ɗan wasan tsere <ref>{{Cite web |title=Darley surprise leader as race enters final furlong |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/horseracing/4770527/Darley-surprise-leader-as-race-enters-final-furlong.html |website=www.telegraph.co.uk}}</ref> * Delicious Orie, ɗan dambe, wanda ya lashe lambar zinare a Gasar Commonwealth ta 2022 <ref>{{Cite web |last=Maher |first=Matt |title=Delicious Orie is boxing clever on his long road to glory |url=https://www.expressandstar.com/sport/commonwealthgames/2022/07/26/delicious-orie-is-boxing-clever-on-his-long-road-to-glory/ |website=www.expressandstar.com}}</ref> === Makarantar Nazari ta Gundumar Wolverhampton === * Frances Barber, 'yar wasan kwaikwayo * Howard R. Davies, zakaran tseren babur * Jon Raven, mawaƙi == Duba kuma == * Makarantar Grammar ta Wolverhampton, makarantar 'yan ƙasa mai zaman kanta == Manazarta == ghgflqp65iwf9zrop2mxccfq0encoxc