Wikipedia hifwiki https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pahila_Panna MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.8 first-letter saadhan khaas baat sadasya sadasya ke baat Wikipedia Wikipedia baat file file ke baat MediaWiki MediaWiki ke baat Template Template ke baat madat madat ke baat vibhag voibhag ke baat TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 4689 336283 313124 2026-06-28T09:36:03Z Sampaadak 1104 336283 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Monarch |name =Jalal-ud-din Muhammad Akbar |title =Mughal Emperor |image =[[File:Akbar1.jpg|200px]] |caption = |reign =1556 to 1609 |coronation = |othertitles =His Majesty Al-Sultan al-'Azam wal<br/> Khaqan al-Mukarram, Imam-i-'Adil,<br/> Sultan ul-Islam Kaffatt ul-Anam,<br/> Amir ul-Mu'minin,<br/> Khalifat ul-Muta'ali Sahib-i-Zaman,<br/> Padshah Ghazi Zillu'llah 'Arsh-Ashyani,<br/> Emperor of India) |full name =Abu'l-Fath Jalal ud-din Muhammad<br/> Akbar I |native_lang1 = |native_lang1_name1 |native_lang2 = |native_lang2_name1= |native_lang8 = |native_lang8_name1= |predecessor = [[Humayun]] |successor =Nuruddin Salim [[Jahangir]] |spouses =36 wives, Jodhaa Bhai of Rajput |issue =[[Jahangir]], 5 other sons and 6 daughters |royal house =House of Timur |dynasty =Mughal |father = [[Humayun]] |mother =Nawab salim Banu Begum Sahiba |date of birth ={{birth date|1542|10|25|df=y}} |place of birth =Umarkot Fort, [[Sind]] |date of death ={{death date and age|1605|10|27|1542|10|25|df=y}} |place of death =Fatehpur Sikri, [[Agra]] |date of burial = |place of burial =Bihishtabad Sikandra, [[Agra]] |religion =Din-i-Ilahi}} '''Jalal-ud-din Muhammad Akbar'''<ref name="Britannica">{{Cite web |last=Ballhatchet |first=Kenneth A. |date=31 March 2023 |title=Akbar |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Akbar |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230525120830/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Akbar |archive-date=25 May 2023 |access-date=28 May 2023 |website=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] |language=en}}</ref> ([[15 October]] [[1542]] - [[27 October]] [[1605]], jiske jaada kar ke Akbar the Great, nai to Akbar I, ke naam se jaana jaawat rahaa, tiisra Mughal samraat rahaa, jon 1556 se 1605 talak raj karis rahaa. Akbar aapan pitaji, [[Humayun]] ke maut ke baad samraat banaa jab uu khaali 14 saal ke rahaa. Suruu me uske regent Bairam Khan ke madat se uu India bhar me Mughal raj ke taagat ke majbuut karis. ==Bachpan ke din== [[File:Akbar_and_Humayun_portrait_in_Kabul_(1550-56).jpg|thumb|left|upright=0.8|Abhi ke chhaapa jon Akbar ke dekhae hae jab uu chhotaa rahaa, jisme uu aapan abba [[Humayun]] ke ek chhaapa offer kare hae, [[Kabul]] me. Iske 1550–56 me banaawa gais rahaa]] Mughal Emperor [[Humayun]] ke haar [[Battle of Chausa|Chausa]] (1539) aur [[Battle of Kannauj|Kannauj]] (1540) by the forces of [[Sher Shah Suri]] ke baad, Humayun bhaag ke abhi ke [[Sindh]] me rahaa.<ref name="Multiple5">{{harvnb|Banerji|1938|pp=253–254}}</ref> Huan pe uu 14 saal ke [[Hamida Banu Begum]], Shaikh Ali Akbar Jami, ek [[Persians|Persian]] teacher jon Humayun ke chhotaa bhaiyaa [[Hindal Mirza]] ke parrhaat rahaa, se milaa aur saadi karis. Jalal ud-din Muhammad Akbar ke janamm agle saal, 15 October 1542 ke bhais rahaa ( [[Rajab]], 949 [[Hijri year|AH]] ke paanchwa din me)<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia |year=2014 |title=Akbar I |encyclopedia=World Encyclopedia |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/acref/9780199546091.001.0001/acref-9780199546091-e-209 |access-date=29 May 2023 |orig-date=2004 |edition=online |doi=10.1093/acref/9780199546091.001.0001 |isbn=978-0-19-954609-1 |oclc=150655825 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230922030109/https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/acref/9780199546091.001.0001/acref-9780199546091-e-209 |archive-date=22 September 2023 |url-status=live|url-access=subscription }}</ref>[[Umarko t Fort|Rajput Fortress]] [[Amarkot]] ke [[Rajputana]] (in modern-day Sindh) me, jahaan pe uske mai-baap ke Hindu ruler Rana Prasad, sharan diis rahaa.<ref>{{harvnb|Smith|1917|pp=12–19}}</ref> Humayun ke exile ke time, Akbar [[Kabul]] me, aapan chaacha log, [[Kamran Mirza]] aur [[Askari Mirza]], aur chaachi, khaas kar ke, Kamran Mirza ke aurat, ke ghare barraa bhais rahaa. Akbar aapan jawaani me shikaar khele, daurre, larre sikhis rahaa, lekin uu kabhi parrhe likhe nai sikhis rahaa. Aur raat ke sute se pahile koi jan uske khaatir parrhat rahaa. <ref name="AknamaVolI">{{harvnb|Abul Fazl 'Allami|1873|p=}}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Smith|1917|p=22}}</ref> 20 November 1551 me, Humayun ke sab se chhota bhaiyaa, Hindal Mirza, mar gais rahaa ek larrai me Kamran Mirza ke fauj ke virod me. Aapan bhaiyaa ke maut ke sandes sun ke Humayun was overwhelmed with grief.<ref name="Erskine">{{harvnb|Erskine|1854|pp=403, 404}}</ref> Lagbhag yahii time, nau saal ke Akbar [[Ghazni Province|Ghazni]] ke Governor banaa rahaa, jahaan uu Hindal ke larrki, [[Ruqaiya Sultan Begum]], uske pahila aurat, se saadi karis rahaa.<ref name="Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd">{{harvnb|Mehta|1984|p=189}}</ref> Humayun Akbar ke Hindal ke sena ke command diis rahaa aur uu duunu praani ke Hindal ke puuraa daulat diis rahaa.<ref name="Ferishta1909">{{harvnb|Ferishta|1909|p=169}}</ref> Akbar ke saadi Ruqaiya se, ke [[Jalandhar]], Punjab me soleminise karaa gais raha, jab duuno 14 saal ke rahin. <ref name="Eraly 2000 123, 272">{{harvnb|Eraly|2000|pp=123, 272}}</ref> Sher Shah Suri ke larrkaa [[Islam Shah]] ke succession ke problem ke kaaran, Humayun Delhi ke 1555 me fir se conquer kar liis,<ref>{{harvnb|Nature|1942|pp=600–601}}</ref> jisme uu jon army ke lead karis rahaa usme se ek hissa uske Persian ally [[Tahmasp I]], ke rahaa. Kuchh mahina baad Humayun mar gais. Akbar ke guardian, [[Bairam Khan]], uske maut ke baare me koi ke nai batais jisse ki Akbar ke raaj=gaddi sambhaale ke time mile. Akbar Humayun ke 14 February 1556 me succeed karis rahaa,<ref name="India Today">{{Cite news |date=27 October 2016 |title=Remembering Akbar the Great: Facts about the most liberal Mughal emperor |language=en |work=India Today |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/education-today/gk-current-affairs/story/akbar-the-great-348793-2016-10-27 |url-status=live |access-date=31 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200606174809/https://www.indiatoday.in/education-today/gk-current-affairs/story/akbar-the-great-348793-2016-10-27 |archive-date=6 June 2020}}</ref> jab uu [[Sikandar Shah Suri|Sikandar Shah]] jon Mughal throne ke reclaim kare ke kosis karat rahaa, virodh me larrai karat rahaa. [[Kalanaur, Punjab]] me, 14 saal ke Akbar ke Bairam Khan raaj-gaddi pe baithais rahaa, ek nawaa banaawa gais platform pe (jon abhi talak kharrraa hae. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Gurdas |url=http://punjabgovt.nic.in/government/gurdas1.GIF |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080527210721/http://punjabgovt.nic.in/government/gurdas1.GIF |archive-date=27 May 2008 |access-date=30 May 2008 |publisher=[[Government of Punjab (India)|Government of Punjab]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=About District |url=https://gurdaspur.nic.in/html/profile.htm#history |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050802074716/http://gurdaspur.nic.in/html/profile.htm#history |archive-date=2 August 2005 |access-date=28 May 2023 |website=Gurdaspur District}}</ref>) aur uske ''Shahanshah'' ([[Persian language|Persian]] for "King of Kings") banaawa gais rahaa.<ref name="India Today" /> Bairam Khan uske behalf me raaj karis jab talak uu barraa nai bhais rahaa.<ref>{{harvnb|Smith|2002|p=337}}</ref> == Timeline == * [[25 October|25 October]] [[1542]] - Janam Rajput Fortress, Umarkot , [[Sindh]] me bhais rahaa jahan pe uske abba Sher Shah se luka rahaa. * [[14 February]] [[1556]] - Akbar ke Mughal ke Shahanshah banawa gais. * [[5 November]] [[1556]] - Samrat Hem Chandra Vikramaditya ke harae ke Delhi ke aapn niche kar liis. ==References== <references/> {{BD|1542|1605|Akbar}} [[Category:Mughal badshah]] [[Category:A]] 20hqky3xjcgi9rae16tt3jnptkeykw8 336284 336283 2026-06-28T09:48:21Z Sampaadak 1104 336284 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Monarch |name =Jalal-ud-din Muhammad Akbar |title =Mughal Emperor |image =[[File:Akbar1.jpg|200px]] |caption = |reign =1556 to 1609 |coronation = |othertitles =His Majesty Al-Sultan al-'Azam wal<br/> Khaqan al-Mukarram, Imam-i-'Adil,<br/> Sultan ul-Islam Kaffatt ul-Anam,<br/> Amir ul-Mu'minin,<br/> Khalifat ul-Muta'ali Sahib-i-Zaman,<br/> Padshah Ghazi Zillu'llah 'Arsh-Ashyani,<br/> Emperor of India) |full name =Abu'l-Fath Jalal ud-din Muhammad<br/> Akbar I |native_lang1 = |native_lang1_name1 |native_lang2 = |native_lang2_name1= |native_lang8 = |native_lang8_name1= |predecessor = [[Humayun]] |successor =Nuruddin Salim [[Jahangir]] |spouses =36 wives, Jodhaa Bhai of Rajput |issue =[[Jahangir]], 5 other sons and 6 daughters |royal house =House of Timur |dynasty =Mughal |father = [[Humayun]] |mother =Nawab salim Banu Begum Sahiba |date of birth ={{birth date|1542|10|25|df=y}} |place of birth =Umarkot Fort, [[Sind]] |date of death ={{death date and age|1605|10|27|1542|10|25|df=y}} |place of death =Fatehpur Sikri, [[Agra]] |date of burial = |place of burial =Bihishtabad Sikandra, [[Agra]] |religion =Din-i-Ilahi}} '''Jalal-ud-din Muhammad Akbar'''<ref name="Britannica">{{Cite web |last=Ballhatchet |first=Kenneth A. |date=31 March 2023 |title=Akbar |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Akbar |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230525120830/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Akbar |archive-date=25 May 2023 |access-date=28 May 2023 |website=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] |language=en}}</ref> ([[15 October]] [[1542]] - [[27 October]] [[1605]], jiske jaada kar ke Akbar the Great, nai to Akbar I, ke naam se jaana jaawat rahaa, tiisra Mughal samraat rahaa, jon 1556 se 1605 talak raj karis rahaa. Akbar aapan pitaji, [[Humayun]] ke maut ke baad samraat banaa jab uu khaali 14 saal ke rahaa. Suruu me uske regent Bairam Khan ke madat se uu India bhar me Mughal raj ke taagat ke majbuut karis. ==Bachpan ke din== [[File:Akbar_and_Humayun_portrait_in_Kabul_(1550-56).jpg|thumb|left|upright=0.8|Abhi ke chhaapa jon Akbar ke dekhae hae jab uu chhotaa rahaa, jisme uu aapan abba [[Humayun]] ke ek chhaapa offer kare hae, [[Kabul]] me. Iske 1550–56 me banaawa gais rahaa]] Mughal Emperor [[Humayun]] ke haar [[Battle of Chausa|Chausa]] (1539) aur [[Battle of Kannauj|Kannauj]] (1540) by the forces of [[Sher Shah Suri]] ke baad, Humayun bhaag ke abhi ke [[Sindh]] me rahaa.<ref name="Multiple5">{{harvnb|Banerji|1938|pp=253–254}}</ref> Huan pe uu 14 saal ke [[Hamida Banu Begum]], Shaikh Ali Akbar Jami, ek [[Persians|Persian]] teacher jon Humayun ke chhotaa bhaiyaa [[Hindal Mirza]] ke parrhaat rahaa, se milaa aur saadi karis. Jalal ud-din Muhammad Akbar ke janamm agle saal, 15 October 1542 ke bhais rahaa ( [[Rajab]], 949 [[Hijri year|AH]] ke paanchwa din me)<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia |year=2014 |title=Akbar I |encyclopedia=World Encyclopedia |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/acref/9780199546091.001.0001/acref-9780199546091-e-209 |access-date=29 May 2023 |orig-date=2004 |edition=online |doi=10.1093/acref/9780199546091.001.0001 |isbn=978-0-19-954609-1 |oclc=150655825 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230922030109/https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/acref/9780199546091.001.0001/acref-9780199546091-e-209 |archive-date=22 September 2023 |url-status=live|url-access=subscription }}</ref>[[Umarko t Fort|Rajput Fortress]] [[Amarkot]] ke [[Rajputana]] (in modern-day Sindh) me, jahaan pe uske mai-baap ke Hindu ruler Rana Prasad, sharan diis rahaa.<ref>{{harvnb|Smith|1917|pp=12–19}}</ref> Humayun ke exile ke time, Akbar [[Kabul]] me, aapan chaacha log, [[Kamran Mirza]] aur [[Askari Mirza]], aur chaachi, khaas kar ke, Kamran Mirza ke aurat, ke ghare barraa bhais rahaa. Akbar aapan jawaani me shikaar khele, daurre, larre sikhis rahaa, lekin uu kabhi parrhe likhe nai sikhis rahaa. Aur raat ke sute se pahile koi jan uske khaatir parrhat rahaa. <ref name="AknamaVolI">{{harvnb|Abul Fazl 'Allami|1873|p=}}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Smith|1917|p=22}}</ref> 20 November 1551 me, Humayun ke sab se chhota bhaiyaa, Hindal Mirza, mar gais rahaa ek larrai me Kamran Mirza ke fauj ke virod me. Aapan bhaiyaa ke maut ke sandes sun ke Humayun was overwhelmed with grief.<ref name="Erskine">{{harvnb|Erskine|1854|pp=403, 404}}</ref> Lagbhag yahii time, nau saal ke Akbar [[Ghazni Province|Ghazni]] ke Governor banaa rahaa, jahaan uu Hindal ke larrki, [[Ruqaiya Sultan Begum]], uske pahila aurat, se saadi karis rahaa.<ref name="Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd">{{harvnb|Mehta|1984|p=189}}</ref> Humayun Akbar ke Hindal ke sena ke command diis rahaa aur uu duunu praani ke Hindal ke puuraa daulat diis rahaa.<ref name="Ferishta1909">{{harvnb|Ferishta|1909|p=169}}</ref> Akbar ke saadi Ruqaiya se, ke [[Jalandhar]], Punjab me soleminise karaa gais raha, jab duuno 14 saal ke rahin. <ref name="Eraly 2000 123, 272">{{harvnb|Eraly|2000|pp=123, 272}}</ref> Sher Shah Suri ke larrkaa [[Islam Shah]] ke succession ke problem ke kaaran, Humayun Delhi ke 1555 me fir se conquer kar liis,<ref>{{harvnb|Nature|1942|pp=600–601}}</ref> jisme uu jon army ke lead karis rahaa usme se ek hissa uske Persian ally [[Tahmasp I]], ke rahaa. Kuchh mahina baad Humayun mar gais. Akbar ke guardian, [[Bairam Khan]], uske maut ke baare me koi ke nai batais jisse ki Akbar ke raaj=gaddi sambhaale ke time mile. Akbar Humayun ke 14 February 1556 me succeed karis rahaa,<ref name="India Today">{{Cite news |date=27 October 2016 |title=Remembering Akbar the Great: Facts about the most liberal Mughal emperor |language=en |work=India Today |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/education-today/gk-current-affairs/story/akbar-the-great-348793-2016-10-27 |url-status=live |access-date=31 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200606174809/https://www.indiatoday.in/education-today/gk-current-affairs/story/akbar-the-great-348793-2016-10-27 |archive-date=6 June 2020}}</ref> jab uu [[Sikandar Shah Suri|Sikandar Shah]] jon Mughal throne ke reclaim kare ke kosis karat rahaa, virodh me larrai karat rahaa. [[Kalanaur, Punjab]] me, 14 saal ke Akbar ke Bairam Khan raaj-gaddi pe baithais rahaa, ek nawaa banaawa gais platform pe (jon abhi talak kharrraa hae. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Gurdas |url=http://punjabgovt.nic.in/government/gurdas1.GIF |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080527210721/http://punjabgovt.nic.in/government/gurdas1.GIF |archive-date=27 May 2008 |access-date=30 May 2008 |publisher=[[Government of Punjab (India)|Government of Punjab]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=About District |url=https://gurdaspur.nic.in/html/profile.htm#history |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050802074716/http://gurdaspur.nic.in/html/profile.htm#history |archive-date=2 August 2005 |access-date=28 May 2023 |website=Gurdaspur District}}</ref>) aur uske ''Shahanshah'' ([[Persian language|Persian]] for "King of Kings") banaawa gais rahaa.<ref name="India Today" /> Bairam Khan uske behalf me raaj karis jab talak uu barraa nai bhais rahaa.<ref>{{harvnb|Smith|2002|p=337}}</ref> ==Ancestry== {{ahnentafel|1. '''Akbar I'''|2. [[Humayun]]|3. [[Hamida Banu Begum]]|4. [[Babur]]|5. [[Maham Begum]]|6.Shaikh Ali Akbar Jami|7. Mah Afroz Begum<ref name="Thackeray">{{harvnb|Thackeray|Findling|2012|p=254}}</ref>|8. [[Umar Shaikh Mirza II]]|9. [[Qutlugh Nigar Khanum]]|collapsed=yes|align=center|boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc;|boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9;|boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc;|boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc;}} ==Military campaigns== [[File:Mughal Empire, 1605.png|thumb|[[Mughal Empire]] under Akbar, 1605. Areas that were only partially integrated are indicated by lighter shading and dotted lines.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Schwatzberg |first=Joseph E. |url=http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/schwartzberg/ |title=A Historical Atlas of South Asia |date=1992 |pages=Plate VI.A (p.44–46) and XIV.4 (p.148)}}</ref>|270x270px]] ===Military innovations=== Akbar ke military campaigns [[Indian subcontinent]] me Mughal ke raaj ke consolidate karis rahaa.<ref name="India Today" /><ref name="Lal">{{harvnb|Lal|2005|p=140}}</ref> Akbar ''[[mansabdar]]i'' system me organisational badlao laais rahaa, jisse uua hierarchical scale of military a curivil ranks ke suruu karis rahaa.<ref name="Kulke">{{harvnb|Kulke|2004|p=205}}</ref> Organisational reformsme rahaa [[cannons]] ke kaam me laana, [[fortifications]], aur haanthi ke kaam me laana.<ref name="Lal" /> Akbar [[matchlock]]s me interest liis rahaa aur dher larrai me iske kam me laais rahaa. Uu [[Ottoman Empire|Ottomans]], aur Europeans, khaas kar ke [[Portuguese Empire|Portuguese]] aur Italians se nadat lae ke, nawaa firearms aur artillery kharidis rahaa.<ref name="Schimmel">{{harvnb|Schimmel|2004|p=88}}</ref><ref name="Richards1">{{harvnb|Richards|1996|p=288}}</ref> Akbar ke [[vizier]] [[Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak|Abul Fazl]] ek dafe bolis rahaa ki "with the exception of Turkey, there is perhaps no country in which its guns has more means of securing the Government than [India]."<ref name="Elgood">{{harvnb|Elgood|1995|p=135}}</ref> Scholars aur historians "[[Gunpowder empires|gunpowder empire]]" ke naam kaam me laae ke Mughals ke India me vijeta, ke kaaran batae rahin.<ref name="Gommans">{{harvnb|Gommans|2002|p=134}}</ref> == Timeline == * [[25 October|25 October]] [[1542]] - Janam Rajput Fortress, Umarkot , [[Sindh]] me bhais rahaa jahan pe uske abba Sher Shah se luka rahaa. * [[14 February]] [[1556]] - Akbar ke Mughal ke Shahanshah banawa gais. * [[5 November]] [[1556]] - Samrat Hem Chandra Vikramaditya ke harae ke Delhi ke aapn niche kar liis. ==References== <references/> {{BD|1542|1605|Akbar}} [[Category:Mughal badshah]] [[Category:A]] mu07nc6yv2j1iky0q6lxxj3ht9hfhjm 336285 336284 2026-06-28T10:03:42Z Sampaadak 1104 336285 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Monarch |name =Jalal-ud-din Muhammad Akbar |title =Mughal Emperor |image =[[File:Akbar1.jpg|200px]] |caption = |reign =1556 to 1609 |coronation = |othertitles =His Majesty Al-Sultan al-'Azam wal<br/> Khaqan al-Mukarram, Imam-i-'Adil,<br/> Sultan ul-Islam Kaffatt ul-Anam,<br/> Amir ul-Mu'minin,<br/> Khalifat ul-Muta'ali Sahib-i-Zaman,<br/> Padshah Ghazi Zillu'llah 'Arsh-Ashyani,<br/> Emperor of India) |full name =Abu'l-Fath Jalal ud-din Muhammad<br/> Akbar I |native_lang1 = |native_lang1_name1 |native_lang2 = |native_lang2_name1= |native_lang8 = |native_lang8_name1= |predecessor = [[Humayun]] |successor =Nuruddin Salim [[Jahangir]] |spouses =36 wives, Jodhaa Bhai of Rajput |issue =[[Jahangir]], 5 other sons and 6 daughters |royal house =House of Timur |dynasty =Mughal |father = [[Humayun]] |mother =Nawab salim Banu Begum Sahiba |date of birth ={{birth date|1542|10|25|df=y}} |place of birth =Umarkot Fort, [[Sind]] |date of death ={{death date and age|1605|10|27|1542|10|25|df=y}} |place of death =Fatehpur Sikri, [[Agra]] |date of burial = |place of burial =Bihishtabad Sikandra, [[Agra]] |religion =Din-i-Ilahi}} '''Jalal-ud-din Muhammad Akbar'''<ref name="Britannica">{{Cite web |last=Ballhatchet |first=Kenneth A. |date=31 March 2023 |title=Akbar |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Akbar |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230525120830/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Akbar |archive-date=25 May 2023 |access-date=28 May 2023 |website=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] |language=en}}</ref> ([[15 October]] [[1542]] - [[27 October]] [[1605]], jiske jaada kar ke Akbar the Great, nai to Akbar I, ke naam se jaana jaawat rahaa, tiisra Mughal samraat rahaa, jon 1556 se 1605 talak raj karis rahaa. Akbar aapan pitaji, [[Humayun]] ke maut ke baad samraat banaa jab uu khaali 14 saal ke rahaa. Suruu me uske regent Bairam Khan ke madat se uu India bhar me Mughal raj ke taagat ke majbuut karis. ==Bachpan ke din== [[File:Akbar_and_Humayun_portrait_in_Kabul_(1550-56).jpg|thumb|left|upright=0.8|Abhi ke chhaapa jon Akbar ke dekhae hae jab uu chhotaa rahaa, jisme uu aapan abba [[Humayun]] ke ek chhaapa offer kare hae, [[Kabul]] me. Iske 1550–56 me banaawa gais rahaa]] Mughal Emperor [[Humayun]] ke haar [[Battle of Chausa|Chausa]] (1539) aur [[Battle of Kannauj|Kannauj]] (1540) by the forces of [[Sher Shah Suri]] ke baad, Humayun bhaag ke abhi ke [[Sindh]] me rahaa.<ref name="Multiple5">{{harvnb|Banerji|1938|pp=253–254}}</ref> Huan pe uu 14 saal ke [[Hamida Banu Begum]], Shaikh Ali Akbar Jami, ek [[Persians|Persian]] teacher jon Humayun ke chhotaa bhaiyaa [[Hindal Mirza]] ke parrhaat rahaa, se milaa aur saadi karis. Jalal ud-din Muhammad Akbar ke janamm agle saal, 15 October 1542 ke bhais rahaa ( [[Rajab]], 949 [[Hijri year|AH]] ke paanchwa din me)<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia |year=2014 |title=Akbar I |encyclopedia=World Encyclopedia |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/acref/9780199546091.001.0001/acref-9780199546091-e-209 |access-date=29 May 2023 |orig-date=2004 |edition=online |doi=10.1093/acref/9780199546091.001.0001 |isbn=978-0-19-954609-1 |oclc=150655825 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230922030109/https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/acref/9780199546091.001.0001/acref-9780199546091-e-209 |archive-date=22 September 2023 |url-status=live|url-access=subscription }}</ref>[[Umarko t Fort|Rajput Fortress]] [[Amarkot]] ke [[Rajputana]] (in modern-day Sindh) me, jahaan pe uske mai-baap ke Hindu ruler Rana Prasad, sharan diis rahaa.<ref>{{harvnb|Smith|1917|pp=12–19}}</ref> Humayun ke exile ke time, Akbar [[Kabul]] me, aapan chaacha log, [[Kamran Mirza]] aur [[Askari Mirza]], aur chaachi, khaas kar ke, Kamran Mirza ke aurat, ke ghare barraa bhais rahaa. Akbar aapan jawaani me shikaar khele, daurre, larre sikhis rahaa, lekin uu kabhi parrhe likhe nai sikhis rahaa. Aur raat ke sute se pahile koi jan uske khaatir parrhat rahaa. <ref name="AknamaVolI">{{harvnb|Abul Fazl 'Allami|1873|p=}}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Smith|1917|p=22}}</ref> 20 November 1551 me, Humayun ke sab se chhota bhaiyaa, Hindal Mirza, mar gais rahaa ek larrai me Kamran Mirza ke fauj ke virod me. Aapan bhaiyaa ke maut ke sandes sun ke Humayun was overwhelmed with grief.<ref name="Erskine">{{harvnb|Erskine|1854|pp=403, 404}}</ref> Lagbhag yahii time, nau saal ke Akbar [[Ghazni Province|Ghazni]] ke Governor banaa rahaa, jahaan uu Hindal ke larrki, [[Ruqaiya Sultan Begum]], uske pahila aurat, se saadi karis rahaa.<ref name="Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd">{{harvnb|Mehta|1984|p=189}}</ref> Humayun Akbar ke Hindal ke sena ke command diis rahaa aur uu duunu praani ke Hindal ke puuraa daulat diis rahaa.<ref name="Ferishta1909">{{harvnb|Ferishta|1909|p=169}}</ref> Akbar ke saadi Ruqaiya se, ke [[Jalandhar]], Punjab me soleminise karaa gais raha, jab duuno 14 saal ke rahin. <ref name="Eraly 2000 123, 272">{{harvnb|Eraly|2000|pp=123, 272}}</ref> Sher Shah Suri ke larrkaa [[Islam Shah]] ke succession ke problem ke kaaran, Humayun Delhi ke 1555 me fir se conquer kar liis,<ref>{{harvnb|Nature|1942|pp=600–601}}</ref> jisme uu jon army ke lead karis rahaa usme se ek hissa uske Persian ally [[Tahmasp I]], ke rahaa. Kuchh mahina baad Humayun mar gais. Akbar ke guardian, [[Bairam Khan]], uske maut ke baare me koi ke nai batais jisse ki Akbar ke raaj=gaddi sambhaale ke time mile. Akbar Humayun ke 14 February 1556 me succeed karis rahaa,<ref name="India Today">{{Cite news |date=27 October 2016 |title=Remembering Akbar the Great: Facts about the most liberal Mughal emperor |language=en |work=India Today |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/education-today/gk-current-affairs/story/akbar-the-great-348793-2016-10-27 |url-status=live |access-date=31 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200606174809/https://www.indiatoday.in/education-today/gk-current-affairs/story/akbar-the-great-348793-2016-10-27 |archive-date=6 June 2020}}</ref> jab uu [[Sikandar Shah Suri|Sikandar Shah]] jon Mughal throne ke reclaim kare ke kosis karat rahaa, virodh me larrai karat rahaa. [[Kalanaur, Punjab]] me, 14 saal ke Akbar ke Bairam Khan raaj-gaddi pe baithais rahaa, ek nawaa banaawa gais platform pe (jon abhi talak kharrraa hae. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Gurdas |url=http://punjabgovt.nic.in/government/gurdas1.GIF |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080527210721/http://punjabgovt.nic.in/government/gurdas1.GIF |archive-date=27 May 2008 |access-date=30 May 2008 |publisher=[[Government of Punjab (India)|Government of Punjab]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=About District |url=https://gurdaspur.nic.in/html/profile.htm#history |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050802074716/http://gurdaspur.nic.in/html/profile.htm#history |archive-date=2 August 2005 |access-date=28 May 2023 |website=Gurdaspur District}}</ref>) aur uske ''Shahanshah'' ([[Persian language|Persian]] for "King of Kings") banaawa gais rahaa.<ref name="India Today" /> Bairam Khan uske behalf me raaj karis jab talak uu barraa nai bhais rahaa.<ref>{{harvnb|Smith|2002|p=337}}</ref> ==Ancestry== {{ahnentafel|1. '''Akbar I'''|2. [[Humayun]]|3. [[Hamida Banu Begum]]|4. [[Babur]]|5. [[Maham Begum]]|6.Shaikh Ali Akbar Jami|7. Mah Afroz Begum<ref name="Thackeray">{{harvnb|Thackeray|Findling|2012|p=254}}</ref>|8. [[Umar Shaikh Mirza II]]|9. [[Qutlugh Nigar Khanum]]|collapsed=yes|align=center|boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc;|boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9;|boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc;|boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc;}} ==Military campaigns== [[File:Mughal Empire, 1605.png|thumb|[[Mughal Empire]] under Akbar, 1605. Areas that were only partially integrated are indicated by lighter shading and dotted lines.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Schwatzberg |first=Joseph E. |url=http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/schwartzberg/ |title=A Historical Atlas of South Asia |date=1992 |pages=Plate VI.A (p.44–46) and XIV.4 (p.148)}}</ref>|270x270px]] ===Military innovations=== Akbar ke military campaigns [[Indian subcontinent]] me Mughal ke raaj ke consolidate karis rahaa.<ref name="India Today" /><ref name="Lal">{{harvnb|Lal|2005|p=140}}</ref> Akbar ''[[mansabdar]]i'' system me organisational badlao laais rahaa, jisse uua hierarchical scale of military a curivil ranks ke suruu karis rahaa.<ref name="Kulke">{{harvnb|Kulke|2004|p=205}}</ref> Organisational reformsme rahaa [[cannons]] ke kaam me laana, [[fortifications]], aur haanthi ke kaam me laana.<ref name="Lal" /> Akbar [[matchlock]]s me interest liis rahaa aur dher larrai me iske kam me laais rahaa. Uu [[Ottoman Empire|Ottomans]], aur Europeans, khaas kar ke [[Portuguese Empire|Portuguese]] aur Italians se nadat lae ke, nawaa firearms aur artillery kharidis rahaa.<ref name="Schimmel">{{harvnb|Schimmel|2004|p=88}}</ref><ref name="Richards1">{{harvnb|Richards|1996|p=288}}</ref> Akbar ke [[vizier]] [[Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak|Abul Fazl]] ek dafe bolis rahaa ki "with the exception of Turkey, there is perhaps no country in which its guns has more means of securing the Government than [India]."<ref name="Elgood">{{harvnb|Elgood|1995|p=135}}</ref> Scholars aur historians "[[Gunpowder empires|gunpowder empire]]" ke naam kaam me laae ke Mughals ke India me vijeta, ke kaaran batae rahin.<ref name="Gommans">{{harvnb|Gommans|2002|p=134}}</ref> ===North India=== [[File:Nach_der_Belagerung_von_Mankot_1557.jpg|250px|thumb| [[Sur Empire]] ke afghan sipahi surrender kare hae Mughal forces of Akbar ke saamne [[Siege of Mankot (1557)]] ke baad. ''Akbarnama'' (1590–95)]] Akbar ke abba Humayun, [[Punjab]], [[Delhi]], aur [[Agra]] ke [[Safavid dynasty|Safavid]] support se, aapan niche kar liis rahaa, lekin Mughal raaj ekdam achchhaa se jamaa nai rahaa, jab Akbar raajgaddi sambhalis rahaa. Jab Surs fir se Agra aur Delhi ke conquer kare rahin, Humayun ke maut ke baad, Akbar ke kamti umar aur kamti military assistance Mughal ke stronghold [[Kabul]] se - jon uu time apne ek invasion ruler of [[Badakhshan]] ke roke ke kosis karat rahaa - situation ke aur kharaab kar diis rahaa.<ref name="Eraly1">{{harvnb|Eraly|2000|pp=118–124}}</ref> Jab uske regent, [[Bairam Khan]], council of war balais rahaa, Mughal forces ke batore ke khaatir, Akbar ke koi commander approve nai karis rahaa. Bairam Khan, ant me nobles log ke persude kar ke sab se tagrraa Sur ruler, [[Sikandar Shah Suri]], Punjab me, ke virodh me larrai suruu karis rahaa. Delhi ke [[Tardi Baig Khan]] ke regency ke niche chhorr dewa gais rahaa.<ref name="Eraly1" /> Sikandar Shah Suri, jiske army kamjor hoe gais rahaa pahile ke haara gais larrai ke kaaran, pichhe hat gais rahaa, jaise Mughal army aage barrhaa..<ref>{{Harvnb|Majumdar|1974|p=104|ps=: "But the arch-enemy was neither Sikandar, who had become a spent force after Māchīwārā and Sirhind"}}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Muzaffar|Kumar|Usmani|Gupta|2022|p=119}}</ref> == Timeline == * [[25 October|25 October]] [[1542]] - Janam Rajput Fortress, Umarkot , [[Sindh]] me bhais rahaa jahan pe uske abba Sher Shah se luka rahaa. * [[14 February]] [[1556]] - Akbar ke Mughal ke Shahanshah banawa gais. * [[5 November]] [[1556]] - Samrat Hem Chandra Vikramaditya ke harae ke Delhi ke aapn niche kar liis. ==References== <references/> {{BD|1542|1605|Akbar}} [[Category:Mughal badshah]] [[Category:A]] khp9ves40bv4y75lx7y5twiv0qfyimd 0 7484 336277 267501 2026-06-27T15:36:47Z InternetArchiveBot 26740 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 336277 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Person |name = Ali Ayub Husain |image = |image_size = 160px |alt = Ali Ayub Husain |caption = Ali Ayub Husain |birth_name = |birth_date = |birth_place = |death_date = 1936 |death_place = |body_discovered = |death_cause = |resting_place = |resting_place_coordinates = <!-- {{coord|LAT|LONG|display=inline,title}} --> |residence = |nationality = Fiji Citizen |ethnicity = Hindustani |citizenship = Fiji Citizen |other_names = |known_for = Politician, businessman |education = |alma_mater = |employer = |occupation = |years_active = |home_town = |salary = |networth = |height = |weight = |title = |term = |predecessor = |successor = |party = |opponents = |boards = |religion =Muslim |spouse = |partner = |children = |parents = |relations = |callsign = |awards = |signature = |website = |footnotes = |box_width = 225px }} '''Ali Ayub Husain ''' (janam: 1936), [[Fiji]] ke ek businessman aur politician rahaa. [[1992 ke election (Fiji)|1992 ke election]] me uu [[National Federation Party]] ke ticket pe [[Lautoka City Indian Constituency (Fiji) 1992 - 1999|Lautoka City Indian Constituency]] se [[Fiji ke House of Representatives]] ke member banaa. UU 1999 talak House of Representatives ke member rahaa. Husain uu select committee ke member bhi rahaa jon ki [[1997]] ke constitution ke baare me submissions liis rahaa. Uu 1999 ke baad [[New Zealand]] me rahe ke khatir chal diis. <ref>[http://www.nzherald.co.nz/world/news/article.cfm?c_id=2&objectid=137728 Fearful families clamour for news]{{Dead link|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == References == <references/> {{FIJIKEHINDUSTANIPOLITICIAN92-98}} {{BD|1936|UNKNOWN|Husain, Ali Ayub}} [[Category:A]] [[Category:H]] [[Category:Lautoka ke log]] [[Category:National Federation Party ke member]] [[Category:Fiji ke House of Representatives ke member]] bmytdcgvm73fcndzswgvc3nr9399kpe 0 23543 336281 329739 2026-06-27T22:04:29Z InternetArchiveBot 26740 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 336281 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder | honorific-prefix = [[The Right Honourable]] | name = Sir John Key | honorific-suffix = | image = John Key February 2015.jpg | alt = Head and shoulders of John Key smiling in a dark suit and pale blue spotted tie | caption = Key in 2015 | order = 38th | office = Prime Minister of New Zealand | monarch = [[Elizabeth II]] | governor-general = [[Anand Satyanand]]<br />[[Jerry Mateparae]]<br />[[Patsy Reddy]] | deputy = [[Bill English]] | term_start = 19 November 2008 | term_end = 12 December 2016 | predecessor = [[Helen Clark]] | successor = Bill English | office1 = 31st [[Leader of the Opposition (New Zealand)|Leader of the Opposition]] | deputy1 = Bill English | term_start1 = 27 November 2006 | term_end1 = 19 November 2008 | predecessor1 = [[Don Brash]] | successor1 = [[Phil Goff]] | office2 = 11th [[Leader of the New Zealand National Party|Leader of the National Party]] | deputy2 = Bill English | term_start2 = [[2006 New Zealand National Party leadership election|27 November 2006]] | term_end2 = 12 December 2016 | predecessor2 = Don Brash | successor2 = Bill English | office3 = [[International Democracy Union#Chairmen|Chairman of the International Democracy Union]] | deputy3 = [[Tony Clement]] | term_start3 = 21 November 2014 | term_end3 = 21 February 2018 | predecessor3 = [[John Howard]] | successor3 = [[Stephen Harper]] | constituency_MP4 = [[Helensville (New Zealand electorate)|Helensville]] | parliament4 = New Zealand | term_start4 = 27 July 2002 | term_end4 = 14 April 2017 | predecessor4 = ''Constituency established'' | successor4 = [[Chris Penk]] | majority4 = 20,547 (56.49%)<ref name="election_2008">{{cite web |url=http://2008.electionresults.govt.nz/electionresults_2008/electorate-15.html |title=Official Count Results–Helensville |publisher=[[Electoral Commission (New Zealand)|Electoral Commission]] |date=12 November 2008 |access-date=12 November 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090621103912/http://2008.electionresults.govt.nz/electionresults_2008/electorate-15.html |archive-date=21 June 2009 }}</ref> | birth_name = John Phillip Key | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1961|8|9|df=y}} | birth_place = [[Auckland]], New Zealand | death_date = | death_place = | party = [[New Zealand National Party|National]] | spouse = {{marriage|Bronagh Dougan|1984}} | children = 2 | parents = | alma_mater = [[University of Canterbury]] ([[Bachelor of Commerce|BCom]]) | signature = John Key sig.svg | website = {{url|johnkey.co.nz|Official website}} }} '''Sir John Phillip Key''' (janam: [[19 August]] [[1961]])<ref>{{cite news |title=John Key celebrates birthday |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10664823 |access-date=5 August 2020 |work=[[The New Zealand Herald]] |date=9 August 2010 |language=en-NZ }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200920094227/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10664823 |date=20 September 2020 }}</ref> New [[Zealand]] ke ek retired politician National Party ke 2006, se 2016 talak rahaa. [[vibhag:K]] [[vibhag:New Zealand ke log]] f6hvtqsfb4nr0zrxbaupgwjbaoqanmh 0 63526 336279 335562 2026-06-27T19:40:38Z WTyTRE 40490 Updated infobox 336279 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder | office = Princess III of [[Dar Raj]] | image = Uma Dhar 1990.jpg | title = | termstart = 1965 | spouse = * {{marriage |Subrata Bose|1989|1989|end=div}} * {{marriage |Rajiv Singh|2001|2026||end=div}} | parents = Raja [[Chittajit Mohan Dhar]] and Rani [[Leena Dhar]] | children = Vinayak Singh | relations = Raja [[Sailendra Sircar]] (great-grandparent)<br> Raja [[Mohini Mohan Dhar]] (great-grandparent) | occupation = Philosopher and Academician | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1965|9|21}} | birth_place = [[Kolkata]] | caption = Dhar in 1980 }} '''Dr. Uma Dhar''' W.B.C.S.C., B.P.S.C., N.E.T., S.R.F., Ph.D. ek Hindustani philosopher rahaa, jon ki mind ke study karis. Uu Vidyasagar University me assistant professor rahaa aur Jadavpur University ke Cognitive Science School me guest faculty rahaa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://philpeople.org/profiles/uma-dhar|title=Uma Dhar (Jadavpur University) - PhilPeople|website=philpeople.org|language=en|access-date=2025-04-17}}</ref> [[File:Uma Dhar at Jawaharlal Nehru University, ICPR Seminar, 2014.jpg|thumb|Uma Dhar at Jawaharlal Nehru University, ICPR Seminar (2014)]] Uu Indian Council of Philosophical Research se do general fellowship paiis.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/view/33588608/selection-of-icpr-general-junior-research-fellowship-2013-14|title=selection of icpr general &amp; junior research fellowship 2013-14|last=Yumpu.com|website=yumpu.com|language=en|access-date=2025-04-17}}</ref> Uu Second Congress on Traditional Sciences & Technologies of India me delegate rahaa, Anna University, Madras me, aur National Seminar on Sri Aurobindo's Contribution to Education and Culture me Jadavpur University me bhi jaais rahaa. == Education == Uu Vidyasagar University me philosophy ke assistant professor ke post paiis jab uu West Bengal College Service Commission ke exam aur interview pass karis rahaa. Lekin, uu PhD research continue karis, jab uu professor banne ke letter paiis. [[File:Dr. Uma Dhar Singh.jpg|thumb|Photograph for Indian Council of Philosophical Research.]] Uu Jadavpur University se PhD complete karis aur NET/SRF bhi pass karis rahaa. Uu apna PhD Dr. [[Amita Chatterjee]] ke under complete karis, jon ki Presidency University, Kolkata ke first vice-chancellor rahaa. Uu 2003 aur 2013 me Indian Council of Philosophical Research (ICPR), New Delhi se do general fellowship paiis.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.motilalbanarsidass.com/products/mind-and-cognition-an-interdisciplinary-sharing-essays-in-honour-of-amita-chatterjee-in-2-vol-set|title=Mind and Cognition- An Interdisciplinary Sharing,Essays in Honour of A|website=Motilal Banarsidass|language=en|access-date=2025-04-17}}</ref> Uu apna research paper "Compassion Meditation" 2014 me ICPR Fellows' Meet me present karis. Uu Journal of Indian Council of Philosophical Research (JICPR) ke life member bhi rahaa.<ref>Annual Report and Accounts- Indian Council of Philosophical research- https://icpr.in/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/2014-15-ICPR-final.pdf</ref> === Books and Papers === {| class="wikitable" !S.No. ! Title !Type !Notes |- |1 |Philosophy: Theory and Praxis ''(An Analytical Study of the System of Yoga)''<ref>https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=en&user=aKjLQ24AAAAJ&citation_for_view=aKjLQ24AAAAJ:u5HHmVD_uO8C</ref> |Ph.D. Thesis |Supervised by Prof. (Dr.) [[Amita Chatterjee]] |- |2 |Integral Yoga<ref>https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=en&user=aKjLQ24AAAAJ&citation_for_view=aKjLQ24AAAAJ:9yKSN-GCB0IC</ref> |Research Paper |''The Unique Vision of Sri Aurobindo, Online International Interdisciplinary Research Journal 9 (03), 2019'' |- |3 |Contemplative Neuroscience: The Brain Science of Meditation<ref>https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=en&user=aKjLQ24AAAAJ&citation_for_view=aKjLQ24AAAAJ:d1gkVwhDpl0C</ref> |Research Paper |Post-Doctoral |- |4 |The Emergence of ‘Consciousness’ in Natural Sciences: A Historical Overview<ref>https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=en&user=aKjLQ24AAAAJ&citation_for_view=aKjLQ24AAAAJ:2osOgNQ5qMEC</ref> |Research Paper |International Journal of Research in Engineering, Science and Management |- |5 |GENESIS OF THE SUPERMAN<ref>http://www.vedamsbooks.com/books/jadavpur_journal_of_philosophy_vol_23_no_1_2013_14%20 Jadavpur Journal of Philosophy : Vol. 23 No. 1, 2013-14</ref> |Research Paper |Jadavpur Journal of Philosophy |- |6 |Astanga Yoga in Synergy with Medical Science<ref>https://www.motilalbanarsidass.com/products/mind-and-cognition-an-interdisciplinary-sharing-essays-in-honour-of-amita-chatterjee-in-2-vol-set?srsltid=AfmBOoouaV_txAf5OkWvcA7AYF72eleRIrTbs66ZxjPQKP2H7Z3VvTSD</ref> |Research Paper |Page 105, Part 1- Fusion Philosophy- Essays in the Honour of Amita Chatterjee |} == Biography == Uma Dhar Singh ke janam 21 September 1965 (or 22 September 1966)<ref>Birth Records | Government of [[West Bengal]] | 1965-1966 </ref> me [[Hatkhola royal family|Hatkhola ke royal family]] aur [[House of Dar]] me bhail. Uu Kashmiri-Bengali aristocratic background se rahaa. Uu Raja Shivnarayan Basu ke chothi beti ke descendant rahaa. Uu [[Peary Charan Sarkar]] ke descendant raha. Uu Mayurbhanj ke Dewan [[Mohini Mohan Dhar]] Esq., M.A.B.L. ke great-granddaughter rahaa, aur [[Dhirendra Mohan Dhar]] ke grand-daughter, aur Prince Royal [[Sailendra Sircar|Sailendra Nath Sircar]] ke granddaughter bhi rahaa. Uu [[Nripendra Nath Sircar]] aur Satyendra Mohan Dhar ICS ke niece bhi rahaa. [[file:Asst Prof. Uma Dhar Singh.jpg|thumb|Dhar in 2019]] Uu Padma Bhushan recipient, Indian film producer Birendranath Sircar<ref>{{cite book|last=Sur|first=Ansu|title=[[Bengali film directory]]|editor=Ansu Sur|publisher=Nandan, Calcutta|year=1999|page=319}}</ref><ref name=Mukherjee>{{cite web|last1=Mukherjee|first1=Partha, Priyanka|title=New Awakening|url=http://www.harmonyindia.org/hportal/VirtualPageView.jsp?page_id=18495&index1=1|website=harmonyindia.org|publisher=harmonyindia.org|access-date=24 August 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140826120750/http://www.harmonyindia.org/hportal/VirtualPageView.jsp?page_id=18495&index1=1|archive-date=26 August 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> ke niece aur Dr. Manojit Mohan Dhar, Director of Central Drug Research Institute<ref>{{Cite book |last=Academy |first=Indian National Science |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Biographical_Memoirs_of_Fellows_of_the_I/za3aAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=Manojit+Mohan+Dhar+Satyendra&dq=Manojit+Mohan+Dhar+Satyendra&printsec=frontcover |title=Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Indian National Science Academy |date=2004 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Bhatnagar_Laureates_1958_91/o9srAQAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=Manojit+Mohan+Dhar+Satyendra&dq=Manojit+Mohan+Dhar+Satyendra&printsec=frontcover |title=Bhatnagar Laureates, 1958-91 |date=1992 |publisher=Human Resource Development Group, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research |language=en}}</ref> ke niece rahaa. Uu apna father Prince [[Chittajit Mohan Dhar]] ke daughter rahaa, jon ki ek chemical industrialist aur parliament member rahaa. Uma Dhar Singh ke ek beta Prince Thakur Vinayak Singh Oberoi bhi rahaa.Vinayak Singh Oberoi, uske larka, National Institute of Medical Sciences, Jaipur me Cardiac Surgery and Perfusion Technology ka student hai.<ref>https://sciprofiles.com/profile/4693156</ref> Uma Dhar ke shaadi Subrata Bose se 101 din tak rahaa. Subrata Bose Bose parivaar se rahaa, jiske abhi pakarr liya gais hai, jiske Dhar parivaar ke saath poora dhokhaa karis aur 'Dhaarmik Purush' ke roop mein sab jaaydaad loot liis. Ii kaaran se, ek sajish ke hissa ke roop mein Uma Dhar ke jabarjasti Subrata Bose se 3 mahina tak shaadi karwaaya gais aur baad mein talaak de dewa gais, jiske kaaran Bose parivaar ke sab sadasyon ke pakarr liya gais. Uu Thakur Rajiv Singh ke doosar wife rahaa, jon ki Dogra-Suryavanshi Rajput royal family ke descendant rahaa. ==Marriage== Marriage Uma Dhar, 1989 me Subrata Bose ke saath contract ke tahat shaadi kiya gaya jab uske papa [[Chittajit Mohan Dhar]] ke maut ho gayi. Ee shaadi 101 din ke baad talaak ke saath khatam ho gayi, aur Calcutta High Court ke notice ke mutabik, Bose parivaar ke sab member, Subrata Bose samet, giraftaar kiya gaya, kyunki ee shaadi Dhar parivaar se paisa ke laabh ke liye kiya gaya tha shaadi ke rishte ke madhyam se.<ref>High Court of [[Kolkata|Calcutta]], Hearings 1989, Session SUBRATA BOSE VS UMA DHAR</ref> Baad me 2001 me, Uma Dhar Rajiv Singh se shaadi ki aur ek beta Vinayak Singh paida hua. Rajiv Singh ke saath Uma Dhar ne 2026 May 16 ko divorce kiya aur May 17 ko Rajiv Singh died of Cardiac Arrest. [[File:Uma Dhar forced marriage Case with Subrata Bose- 1989.jpg|thumb]] == References == <references /> [[Category:Indian Educators]] [[Category:Hatkhola Royal Family]] pwrrf8ek4ny0xs2olh9ys7ysgvv75m2 336280 336279 2026-06-27T19:41:56Z WTyTRE 40490 /* */ 336280 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder | office = Princess III of [[Dar Raj]] | image = Uma Dhar 1990.jpg | title = | termstart = 1965 | spouse = * {{marriage |Subrata Bose|1989|1989|end=div}} * {{marriage |Rajiv Singh|2001|2026||end=div}} | parents = Raja [[Chittajit Mohan Dhar]] and Rani [[Leena Dhar]] | children = Vinayak Singh | relations = Raja [[Sailendra Sircar]] (great-grandparent)<br> Raja [[Mohini Mohan Dhar]] (great-grandparent) | occupation = Philosopher and Academician | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1965|9|21}} | birth_place = [[Kolkata]] | caption = Dhar in 1980 | monarch = Raja [[Chittajit Mohan Dhar]] }} '''Dr. Uma Dhar''' W.B.C.S.C., B.P.S.C., N.E.T., S.R.F., Ph.D. ek Hindustani philosopher rahaa, jon ki mind ke study karis. Uu Vidyasagar University me assistant professor rahaa aur Jadavpur University ke Cognitive Science School me guest faculty rahaa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://philpeople.org/profiles/uma-dhar|title=Uma Dhar (Jadavpur University) - PhilPeople|website=philpeople.org|language=en|access-date=2025-04-17}}</ref> [[File:Uma Dhar at Jawaharlal Nehru University, ICPR Seminar, 2014.jpg|thumb|Uma Dhar at Jawaharlal Nehru University, ICPR Seminar (2014)]] Uu Indian Council of Philosophical Research se do general fellowship paiis.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/view/33588608/selection-of-icpr-general-junior-research-fellowship-2013-14|title=selection of icpr general &amp; junior research fellowship 2013-14|last=Yumpu.com|website=yumpu.com|language=en|access-date=2025-04-17}}</ref> Uu Second Congress on Traditional Sciences & Technologies of India me delegate rahaa, Anna University, Madras me, aur National Seminar on Sri Aurobindo's Contribution to Education and Culture me Jadavpur University me bhi jaais rahaa. == Education == Uu Vidyasagar University me philosophy ke assistant professor ke post paiis jab uu West Bengal College Service Commission ke exam aur interview pass karis rahaa. Lekin, uu PhD research continue karis, jab uu professor banne ke letter paiis. [[File:Dr. Uma Dhar Singh.jpg|thumb|Photograph for Indian Council of Philosophical Research.]] Uu Jadavpur University se PhD complete karis aur NET/SRF bhi pass karis rahaa. Uu apna PhD Dr. [[Amita Chatterjee]] ke under complete karis, jon ki Presidency University, Kolkata ke first vice-chancellor rahaa. Uu 2003 aur 2013 me Indian Council of Philosophical Research (ICPR), New Delhi se do general fellowship paiis.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.motilalbanarsidass.com/products/mind-and-cognition-an-interdisciplinary-sharing-essays-in-honour-of-amita-chatterjee-in-2-vol-set|title=Mind and Cognition- An Interdisciplinary Sharing,Essays in Honour of A|website=Motilal Banarsidass|language=en|access-date=2025-04-17}}</ref> Uu apna research paper "Compassion Meditation" 2014 me ICPR Fellows' Meet me present karis. Uu Journal of Indian Council of Philosophical Research (JICPR) ke life member bhi rahaa.<ref>Annual Report and Accounts- Indian Council of Philosophical research- https://icpr.in/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/2014-15-ICPR-final.pdf</ref> === Books and Papers === {| class="wikitable" !S.No. ! Title !Type !Notes |- |1 |Philosophy: Theory and Praxis ''(An Analytical Study of the System of Yoga)''<ref>https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=en&user=aKjLQ24AAAAJ&citation_for_view=aKjLQ24AAAAJ:u5HHmVD_uO8C</ref> |Ph.D. Thesis |Supervised by Prof. (Dr.) [[Amita Chatterjee]] |- |2 |Integral Yoga<ref>https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=en&user=aKjLQ24AAAAJ&citation_for_view=aKjLQ24AAAAJ:9yKSN-GCB0IC</ref> |Research Paper |''The Unique Vision of Sri Aurobindo, Online International Interdisciplinary Research Journal 9 (03), 2019'' |- |3 |Contemplative Neuroscience: The Brain Science of Meditation<ref>https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=en&user=aKjLQ24AAAAJ&citation_for_view=aKjLQ24AAAAJ:d1gkVwhDpl0C</ref> |Research Paper |Post-Doctoral |- |4 |The Emergence of ‘Consciousness’ in Natural Sciences: A Historical Overview<ref>https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=en&user=aKjLQ24AAAAJ&citation_for_view=aKjLQ24AAAAJ:2osOgNQ5qMEC</ref> |Research Paper |International Journal of Research in Engineering, Science and Management |- |5 |GENESIS OF THE SUPERMAN<ref>http://www.vedamsbooks.com/books/jadavpur_journal_of_philosophy_vol_23_no_1_2013_14%20 Jadavpur Journal of Philosophy : Vol. 23 No. 1, 2013-14</ref> |Research Paper |Jadavpur Journal of Philosophy |- |6 |Astanga Yoga in Synergy with Medical Science<ref>https://www.motilalbanarsidass.com/products/mind-and-cognition-an-interdisciplinary-sharing-essays-in-honour-of-amita-chatterjee-in-2-vol-set?srsltid=AfmBOoouaV_txAf5OkWvcA7AYF72eleRIrTbs66ZxjPQKP2H7Z3VvTSD</ref> |Research Paper |Page 105, Part 1- Fusion Philosophy- Essays in the Honour of Amita Chatterjee |} == Biography == Uma Dhar Singh ke janam 21 September 1965 (or 22 September 1966)<ref>Birth Records | Government of [[West Bengal]] | 1965-1966 </ref> me [[Hatkhola royal family|Hatkhola ke royal family]] aur [[House of Dar]] me bhail. Uu Kashmiri-Bengali aristocratic background se rahaa. Uu Raja Shivnarayan Basu ke chothi beti ke descendant rahaa. Uu [[Peary Charan Sarkar]] ke descendant raha. Uu Mayurbhanj ke Dewan [[Mohini Mohan Dhar]] Esq., M.A.B.L. ke great-granddaughter rahaa, aur [[Dhirendra Mohan Dhar]] ke grand-daughter, aur Prince Royal [[Sailendra Sircar|Sailendra Nath Sircar]] ke granddaughter bhi rahaa. Uu [[Nripendra Nath Sircar]] aur Satyendra Mohan Dhar ICS ke niece bhi rahaa. [[file:Asst Prof. Uma Dhar Singh.jpg|thumb|Dhar in 2019]] Uu Padma Bhushan recipient, Indian film producer Birendranath Sircar<ref>{{cite book|last=Sur|first=Ansu|title=[[Bengali film directory]]|editor=Ansu Sur|publisher=Nandan, Calcutta|year=1999|page=319}}</ref><ref name=Mukherjee>{{cite web|last1=Mukherjee|first1=Partha, Priyanka|title=New Awakening|url=http://www.harmonyindia.org/hportal/VirtualPageView.jsp?page_id=18495&index1=1|website=harmonyindia.org|publisher=harmonyindia.org|access-date=24 August 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140826120750/http://www.harmonyindia.org/hportal/VirtualPageView.jsp?page_id=18495&index1=1|archive-date=26 August 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> ke niece aur Dr. Manojit Mohan Dhar, Director of Central Drug Research Institute<ref>{{Cite book |last=Academy |first=Indian National Science |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Biographical_Memoirs_of_Fellows_of_the_I/za3aAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=Manojit+Mohan+Dhar+Satyendra&dq=Manojit+Mohan+Dhar+Satyendra&printsec=frontcover |title=Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Indian National Science Academy |date=2004 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Bhatnagar_Laureates_1958_91/o9srAQAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=Manojit+Mohan+Dhar+Satyendra&dq=Manojit+Mohan+Dhar+Satyendra&printsec=frontcover |title=Bhatnagar Laureates, 1958-91 |date=1992 |publisher=Human Resource Development Group, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research |language=en}}</ref> ke niece rahaa. Uu apna father Prince [[Chittajit Mohan Dhar]] ke daughter rahaa, jon ki ek chemical industrialist aur parliament member rahaa. Uma Dhar Singh ke ek beta Prince Thakur Vinayak Singh Oberoi bhi rahaa.Vinayak Singh Oberoi, uske larka, National Institute of Medical Sciences, Jaipur me Cardiac Surgery and Perfusion Technology ka student hai.<ref>https://sciprofiles.com/profile/4693156</ref> Uma Dhar ke shaadi Subrata Bose se 101 din tak rahaa. Subrata Bose Bose parivaar se rahaa, jiske abhi pakarr liya gais hai, jiske Dhar parivaar ke saath poora dhokhaa karis aur 'Dhaarmik Purush' ke roop mein sab jaaydaad loot liis. Ii kaaran se, ek sajish ke hissa ke roop mein Uma Dhar ke jabarjasti Subrata Bose se 3 mahina tak shaadi karwaaya gais aur baad mein talaak de dewa gais, jiske kaaran Bose parivaar ke sab sadasyon ke pakarr liya gais. Uu Thakur Rajiv Singh ke doosar wife rahaa, jon ki Dogra-Suryavanshi Rajput royal family ke descendant rahaa. ==Marriage== Marriage Uma Dhar, 1989 me Subrata Bose ke saath contract ke tahat shaadi kiya gaya jab uske papa [[Chittajit Mohan Dhar]] ke maut ho gayi. Ee shaadi 101 din ke baad talaak ke saath khatam ho gayi, aur Calcutta High Court ke notice ke mutabik, Bose parivaar ke sab member, Subrata Bose samet, giraftaar kiya gaya, kyunki ee shaadi Dhar parivaar se paisa ke laabh ke liye kiya gaya tha shaadi ke rishte ke madhyam se.<ref>High Court of [[Kolkata|Calcutta]], Hearings 1989, Session SUBRATA BOSE VS UMA DHAR</ref> Baad me 2001 me, Uma Dhar Rajiv Singh se shaadi ki aur ek beta Vinayak Singh paida hua. Rajiv Singh ke saath Uma Dhar ne 2026 May 16 ko divorce kiya aur May 17 ko Rajiv Singh died of Cardiac Arrest. [[File:Uma Dhar forced marriage Case with Subrata Bose- 1989.jpg|thumb]] == References == <references /> [[Category:Indian Educators]] [[Category:Hatkhola Royal Family]] cblnmivaxxzh0zne2hhcdtt2sy4euiv 0 63579 336276 336268 2026-06-27T13:52:01Z Prajiiit 40057 336276 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder | name = Dhirendra Mohan Dhar | office = 5th Titular Raja of [[Dar Raj]] | honorific-suffix = Esq. | monarch = Raja [[Virendra Mohan Dar]] | preceded = Raja [[Mohini Mohan Dhar]] | succeeded = Raja [[Chittajit Mohan Dhar]] | termend = 1921 | termstart = 1949 | children = [[Chittajit Mohan Dhar]], [[Pritilata Choudhary]] | parents = <nowiki>[Mohini Mohan Dhar]], Saudamini Dhar</nowiki> | occupation = Barrister-at-law, Mathematician | birth_date = 7 August 1894 | birth_place = [[Dhar Zamindar Bari]], [[Dhaka]] | death_place = [[Kolkata]] | image = Barrister_Dhirendra_Mohan_Dhar.jpg }} '''Dhirendra Mohan Dhar''' B.Sc., LL.B., B.P.T.C.; Bar-at-Law, Member, Gray's Inn; ek bhartiya barrister rahaa jo ki King's College London aur University of Cambridge se padhis rahaa.<ref>https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0004300/19180531/014/0008</ref><ref>[https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/account/register?countrykey=0&showgiftvoucherclaimingoptions=false&gift=false&nextpage=%2faccount%2flogin%3freturnurl%3d%252fviewer%252fbl%252f0001712%252f19130607%252f103%252f0029&rememberme=false&cookietracking=false&partnershipkey=0&newsletter=false&offers=false&registerreason=none&showsubscriptionoptions=false&showcouponmessaging=false&showfreetrialmessaging=false&showregisteroptions=false&showcaptchachallenge=false&showloginoptions=false&showcaptchaerrormessage=false&isonlyupgradeable=false British Newspaper]</ref> == Pahila Zindagi Aur Siksha == Dhar ke janam Dewan Mayurbhanj [[Mohini Mohan Dhar]] aur Saudamini Dhar ke [[Dhar Zamindar Bari|Dhar Zamindar]] ghar bhail. Oke ek chhota bhai rahaa, [[Satyendra Mohan Dhar]] C.I.E., I.C.S., jo ki Bihar ke government secretary rahaa. Dhar ke biyah [[Hatkhola royal family]] ki Amiyabala Sircar Dhar se bhail, jo ki [[Sailendra Sircar]] ke bitiya aur [[Peary Charan Sarkar]] ke naati rahaa.<ref>https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.83752/page/n193/mode/2up?view=theater</ref> O Aur Uske bhai, [[Satyendra Mohan Dhar]] donon log London University aur King's College London se kanooni padhai ke pura kail. Dhirendra Mohan Dhar baad me Lincoln’s Inn se Bar ke bulayal rahaa.<ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id=t80sAQAAMAAJ&q=gray%27s+Inn+Dhirendra+Mohan+Dhar&dq=gray%27s+Inn+Dhirendra+Mohan+Dhar&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiX4_uS9dGMAxXXSmwGHeezIpIQ6AF6BAgEEAM</ref> Dhar Engineering Drawing and Design aur Practical and Applied Mathematics bhi King's College London me padhis rahaa. University of London ke Faculty of Engineering me B.Sc. ke padhai kare rahaa.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://kingscollections.org/calendars/collection/1925-1926/page-352 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2025-04-21 |archive-date=2024-10-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241006220828/https://kingscollections.org/calendars/collection/1925-1926/page-352 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Uu London University me bhi padhai karis<ref>The Weekly Notes. (1918). United Kingdom: Incorporated Council of Law Reporting for England and Wales. pp. 210</ref> == Gallery == [[file:Amiyabala Sircar Dhar.jpg|thumb|Amiyabala Sircar Dhar (born. Amiyabala Dhar, Princess of Hatkhola) grand-daughter of [[Peary Charan Sarkar]]]] == References == * https://kingscollections.org/calendars/collection/1925-1926/page-352 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241006220828/https://kingscollections.org/calendars/collection/1925-1926/page-352 |date=2024-10-06 }} [[vibhag:India ke log]] 56d5titjrpiqvz0b28x969w6g46svvd 0 66518 336273 335836 2026-06-27T13:36:43Z ~2026-36888-30 40485 /* */ Updated 336273 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder | office = 6th Titular Maharani of [[Dar Raj]] | termstart = 1948 | termend = 1996 | birth_name = Leena Nandy | birth_date = 24 October 1930 | birth_place = Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh | death_date = 16 February 1996 (age 65) | death_place = [[Kolkata]] | spouse = Raja [[Chittajit Mohan Dhar]] | children = Subha Basu, Sumita Dhar, [[Uma Dhar]] | parents = Prof. [[Atindranath Nandy]], Eva Bose | preceded = Amiyabala Dhar, Princess of [[Hatkhola royal family|Hatkhola]] | image = Chittajit Mohan Dhar and wife Leena Dhar.png | succeeded = Vacant }} '''Leena Sabitri Dhar''' of ''Badurbagan'' (born. Leena Nandy 24 October 1930 – 16 February 1996) ek Bharatiya mahila rahin, jinka janam ek pramukh Nandy parivar me Bhail. U Bethune College, University of Calcutta se Economics me graduate rahin. U [[Hatkhola royal family]] ke member rahin, aur unka naam baad me unka dada-sasura [[Mohini Mohan Dhar]] ke salah par '''Sabitri Dhar''' kar dewa gais rahaa.<ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id=aG1EEQAAQBAJ&pg=PA45&dq=Leena+Dhar&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&ovdme=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjb7ZfY9ruQAxWwR2wGHcgtGpsQ6AF6BAgNEAM#v=onepage&q=Leena%20Dhar&f=false</ref> == Biography == Leena Dhar ke janam 24 October 1930 me Bhail rahaa. U Professor Atindranath Nandy ke beti rahin, jo Banaras Hindu University ke Department of Metallurgy ke Head rahaa. Unka maa Eva Bose Nandy rahin. Unka dada Amulya Nandy rahaa, aur dadi Shaibalini Nandy rahin.<ref name=":0" /> == Education == Leena Dhar Bethune College, [[University of Calcutta]] me padhai kais rahin, jahan se u Economics me graduate bhail rahin. U apna samay me ek pramukh mahila chhatra rahin, aur shiksha ke maamla me bahut prerit kais rahin.<ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id=4GsDEQAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Leena+Dhar+eighteen+an+autobiography&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&ovdme=1&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false</ref> == Family == Leena Dhar ke shaadi [[Chittajit Mohan Dhar]] se Bhail rahaa, jo ek purana Member of Parliament (M.P.) rahaa aur [[Hatkhola royal family|Hatkhola royal]] family ke vanshaj rahaa. Unka sasura [[Dhirendra Mohan Dhar]] rahaa. Unka tin bachcha rahaa — Subha Dhar, Sumita Dhar, aur [[Uma Dhar]]. [[File:Chittajit Mohan Dhar and wife Leena Dhar.png|thumb|Dhar with spouse, [[Chittajit Mohan Dhar]] former Member of the Parliament.]] Leena Dhar ke pita- Prof. Atindranath Nandy<ref name=":0">https://books.google.co.in/books?id=RUMLAQAAIAAJ&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&printsec=frontcover&q=Atindra+Nath+Nandy&hl=en&source=gb_mobile_entity&redir_esc=y#Atindra%20Nath%20Nandy</ref>, ek mining engineer the, Glasgow University se aur B.Sc. in Naval Architecture aur Drawing mei bhi.<ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id=qbtNAAAAYAAJ&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&printsec=frontcover&dq=Atindra+Nath+Nandy&q=Atindra+Nath+Nandy&hl=en&source=gb_mobile_entity&ovdme=1&redir_esc=y#Atindra%20Nath%20Nandy</ref> Uu pita, Atindranath Nandy Metallurgy ke Head of the Department the, Banaras Hindu University mein.<ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id=ZY0iAQAAMAAJ&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&printsec=frontcover&dq=NANDY,+ATINDRA+NATH&q=NANDY,+ATINDRA+NATH&hl=en&source=gb_mobile_entity&ovdme=1&redir_esc=y#NANDY,%20ATINDRA%20NATH</ref> == Death == Leena Dhar ke nidhan 16 February 1996 me Bhail rahaa. Unka naam unka parivar me abhi tak samman ke sath yaad rakhal jaat hai. == References == g2548adxqn1w5mxjhf3wjhl4xwpyjgx 336274 336273 2026-06-27T13:37:52Z ~2026-37181-92 40486 /* */ correction made 336274 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder | office = 6th Titular Maharani Consort of [[Dar Raj]] | termstart = 1948 | termend = 1996 | birth_name = Leena Nandy | birth_date = 24 October 1930 | birth_place = Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh | death_date = 16 February 1996 (age 65) | death_place = [[Kolkata]] | spouse = Raja [[Chittajit Mohan Dhar]] | children = Subha Basu, Sumita Dhar, [[Uma Dhar]] | parents = Prof. [[Atindranath Nandy]], Eva Bose | preceded = Amiyabala Dhar, Princess of [[Hatkhola royal family|Hatkhola]] | image = Chittajit Mohan Dhar and wife Leena Dhar.png | succeeded = Vacant }} '''Leena Sabitri Dhar''' of ''Badurbagan'' (born. Leena Nandy 24 October 1930 – 16 February 1996) ek Bharatiya mahila rahin, jinka janam ek pramukh Nandy parivar me Bhail. U Bethune College, University of Calcutta se Economics me graduate rahin. U [[Hatkhola royal family]] ke member rahin, aur unka naam baad me unka dada-sasura [[Mohini Mohan Dhar]] ke salah par '''Sabitri Dhar''' kar dewa gais rahaa.<ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id=aG1EEQAAQBAJ&pg=PA45&dq=Leena+Dhar&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&ovdme=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjb7ZfY9ruQAxWwR2wGHcgtGpsQ6AF6BAgNEAM#v=onepage&q=Leena%20Dhar&f=false</ref> == Biography == Leena Dhar ke janam 24 October 1930 me Bhail rahaa. U Professor Atindranath Nandy ke beti rahin, jo Banaras Hindu University ke Department of Metallurgy ke Head rahaa. Unka maa Eva Bose Nandy rahin. Unka dada Amulya Nandy rahaa, aur dadi Shaibalini Nandy rahin.<ref name=":0" /> == Education == Leena Dhar Bethune College, [[University of Calcutta]] me padhai kais rahin, jahan se u Economics me graduate bhail rahin. U apna samay me ek pramukh mahila chhatra rahin, aur shiksha ke maamla me bahut prerit kais rahin.<ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id=4GsDEQAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Leena+Dhar+eighteen+an+autobiography&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&ovdme=1&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false</ref> == Family == Leena Dhar ke shaadi [[Chittajit Mohan Dhar]] se Bhail rahaa, jo ek purana Member of Parliament (M.P.) rahaa aur [[Hatkhola royal family|Hatkhola royal]] family ke vanshaj rahaa. Unka sasura [[Dhirendra Mohan Dhar]] rahaa. Unka tin bachcha rahaa — Subha Dhar, Sumita Dhar, aur [[Uma Dhar]]. [[File:Chittajit Mohan Dhar and wife Leena Dhar.png|thumb|Dhar with spouse, [[Chittajit Mohan Dhar]] former Member of the Parliament.]] Leena Dhar ke pita- Prof. Atindranath Nandy<ref name=":0">https://books.google.co.in/books?id=RUMLAQAAIAAJ&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&printsec=frontcover&q=Atindra+Nath+Nandy&hl=en&source=gb_mobile_entity&redir_esc=y#Atindra%20Nath%20Nandy</ref>, ek mining engineer the, Glasgow University se aur B.Sc. in Naval Architecture aur Drawing mei bhi.<ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id=qbtNAAAAYAAJ&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&printsec=frontcover&dq=Atindra+Nath+Nandy&q=Atindra+Nath+Nandy&hl=en&source=gb_mobile_entity&ovdme=1&redir_esc=y#Atindra%20Nath%20Nandy</ref> Uu pita, Atindranath Nandy Metallurgy ke Head of the Department the, Banaras Hindu University mein.<ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id=ZY0iAQAAMAAJ&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&printsec=frontcover&dq=NANDY,+ATINDRA+NATH&q=NANDY,+ATINDRA+NATH&hl=en&source=gb_mobile_entity&ovdme=1&redir_esc=y#NANDY,%20ATINDRA%20NATH</ref> == Death == Leena Dhar ke nidhan 16 February 1996 me Bhail rahaa. Unka naam unka parivar me abhi tak samman ke sath yaad rakhal jaat hai. == References == 96iraxqv8wuaqkoe7ay2opnderjhyf2 336275 336274 2026-06-27T13:46:44Z Prajiiit 40057 /* */ updated image 336275 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder | office = 6th Titular Maharani Consort of [[Dar Raj]] | termstart = 1948 | termend = 1996 | birth_name = Leena Nandy | birth_date = 24 October 1930 | birth_place = Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh | death_date = 16 February 1996 (age 65) | death_place = [[Kolkata]] | spouse = Raja [[Chittajit Mohan Dhar]] | children = Subha Basu, Sumita Dhar, [[Uma Dhar]] | parents = Prof. [[Atindranath Nandy]], Eva Bose | preceded = Amiyabala Dhar, Princess of [[Hatkhola royal family|Hatkhola]] | image = Leena Dhar.jpg | succeeded = Vacant }} '''Leena Sabitri Dhar''' of ''Badurbagan'' (born. Leena Nandy 24 October 1930 – 16 February 1996) ek Bharatiya mahila rahin, jinka janam ek pramukh Nandy parivar me Bhail. U Bethune College, University of Calcutta se Economics me graduate rahin. U [[Hatkhola royal family]] ke member rahin, aur unka naam baad me unka dada-sasura [[Mohini Mohan Dhar]] ke salah par '''Sabitri Dhar''' kar dewa gais rahaa.<ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id=aG1EEQAAQBAJ&pg=PA45&dq=Leena+Dhar&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&ovdme=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjb7ZfY9ruQAxWwR2wGHcgtGpsQ6AF6BAgNEAM#v=onepage&q=Leena%20Dhar&f=false</ref> == Biography == Leena Dhar ke janam 24 October 1930 me Bhail rahaa. U Professor Atindranath Nandy ke beti rahin, jo Banaras Hindu University ke Department of Metallurgy ke Head rahaa. Unka maa Eva Bose Nandy rahin. Unka dada Amulya Nandy rahaa, aur dadi Shaibalini Nandy rahin.<ref name=":0" /> == Education == Leena Dhar Bethune College, [[University of Calcutta]] me padhai kais rahin, jahan se u Economics me graduate bhail rahin. U apna samay me ek pramukh mahila chhatra rahin, aur shiksha ke maamla me bahut prerit kais rahin.<ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id=4GsDEQAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Leena+Dhar+eighteen+an+autobiography&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&ovdme=1&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false</ref> == Family == Leena Dhar ke shaadi [[Chittajit Mohan Dhar]] se Bhail rahaa, jo ek purana Member of Parliament (M.P.) rahaa aur [[Hatkhola royal family|Hatkhola royal]] family ke vanshaj rahaa. Unka sasura [[Dhirendra Mohan Dhar]] rahaa. Unka tin bachcha rahaa — Subha Dhar, Sumita Dhar, aur [[Uma Dhar]]. [[File:Chittajit Mohan Dhar and wife Leena Dhar.png|thumb|Dhar with spouse, [[Chittajit Mohan Dhar]] former Member of the Parliament.]] Leena Dhar ke pita- Prof. Atindranath Nandy<ref name=":0">https://books.google.co.in/books?id=RUMLAQAAIAAJ&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&printsec=frontcover&q=Atindra+Nath+Nandy&hl=en&source=gb_mobile_entity&redir_esc=y#Atindra%20Nath%20Nandy</ref>, ek mining engineer the, Glasgow University se aur B.Sc. in Naval Architecture aur Drawing mei bhi.<ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id=qbtNAAAAYAAJ&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&printsec=frontcover&dq=Atindra+Nath+Nandy&q=Atindra+Nath+Nandy&hl=en&source=gb_mobile_entity&ovdme=1&redir_esc=y#Atindra%20Nath%20Nandy</ref> Uu pita, Atindranath Nandy Metallurgy ke Head of the Department the, Banaras Hindu University mein.<ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id=ZY0iAQAAMAAJ&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&printsec=frontcover&dq=NANDY,+ATINDRA+NATH&q=NANDY,+ATINDRA+NATH&hl=en&source=gb_mobile_entity&ovdme=1&redir_esc=y#NANDY,%20ATINDRA%20NATH</ref> == Death == Leena Dhar ke nidhan 16 February 1996 me Bhail rahaa. Unka naam unka parivar me abhi tak samman ke sath yaad rakhal jaat hai. == References == docus4kedlzhrly077b1mbc8p0fdj81 3 69165 336278 2026-06-27T19:32:36Z New user message 12502 Adding [[Template:Welcome|welcome message]] to new user's talk page 336278 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Template:Welcome|realName=|name=WTyTRE}} -- [[sadasya:New user message|New user message]] ([[sadasya ke baat:New user message|talk]]) 19:32, 27 Juun 2026 (UTC) 2jtyap3c3vty7eo23k45ejl7b40xkpw 3 69166 336282 2026-06-28T05:21:11Z New user message 12502 Adding [[Template:Welcome|welcome message]] to new user's talk page 336282 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Template:Welcome|realName=|name=Vivek12486}} -- [[sadasya:New user message|New user message]] ([[sadasya ke baat:New user message|talk]]) 05:21, 28 Juun 2026 (UTC) r2br80h27tkzbursawtianeljp9vysf 10 69167 336286 2026-06-28T10:05:52Z Sampaadak 1104 Panna jisme "{{#invoke:Ahnentafel|chart}}<noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude>" hae ke banae dewa gais hae. 336286 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#invoke:Ahnentafel|chart}}<noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> p33xpv7pzmdyfdi1qssvgpotgp7z9o9 828 69168 336287 2026-06-28T10:08:36Z Sampaadak 1104 Panna jisme "-- -- implements [[Template:ahnentafel]] -- local p = {} -- templatestyles local templatestyles = 'Ahnentafel/styles.css' -- table of row pointers local rows = {} -- first and last indices in rows table local rowbegin, rowend = -1,-1 -- tracking local tcats = '' local function checkparameters(k) if (k == 'align' or k == 'collapsed' or k == 'collapsible' or k == 'title' or k == 'float' or k == 'clear' or k == 'ref' or k == 'headnotes' or k == '..." hae ke banae dewa gais hae. 336287 Scribunto text/plain -- -- implements [[Template:ahnentafel]] -- local p = {} -- templatestyles local templatestyles = 'Ahnentafel/styles.css' -- table of row pointers local rows = {} -- first and last indices in rows table local rowbegin, rowend = -1,-1 -- tracking local tcats = '' local function checkparameters(k) if (k == 'align' or k == 'collapsed' or k == 'collapsible' or k == 'title' or k == 'float' or k == 'clear' or k == 'ref' or k == 'headnotes' or k == 'headnotes_align' or k == 'footnotes' or k == 'footnotes_align' or k == 'rtl' or k == 'width' or k == 'min-width' or k == 'text-align') then return elseif (k == 'boxstyle' or k == 'style' or k == 'border') then tcats = tcats .. '[[Category:Pages using ahnentafel with ' .. k .. ']]' return elseif k:find('^boxstyle_[1-8]$') then return elseif k:find('^border_[1-8]$') then return end k = mw.ustring.gsub(k, '[^%w%-_ ]', '?') tcats = tcats .. '[[Category:Pages using ahnentafel with unknown parameters|' .. k .. ' ]]' end local function addcell(r, rspan, cspan, t, s, c) if ((r + rspan - 1) < rowbegin) or (r > rowend) then -- completely out of range; do nothing return elseif r < rowbegin then -- partially out of range, adjust rspan = rspan - (rowbegin - r) r = rowbegin elseif (r + rspan - 1) > rowend then -- partially out of range, adjust rspan = rowend + 1 - r end if rspan > 0 then rows[r]:tag('td') :attr('rowspan', (rspan > 1) and rspan or nil) :attr('colspan', (cspan > 1) and cspan or nil) :cssText(s) :addClass(c) :wikitext(t) end end function p.chart( frame ) local getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs local args = getArgs(frame) local align = (args['align'] or ''):lower() local style = args['style'] or '' local topbranch = 'ahnentafel-t' local botbranch = 'ahnentafel-b' local yesno = require('Module:Yesno') if args['collapsed'] and args['collapsed'] ~= '' then args['collapsible'] = 'yes' end if args['title'] and args['title'] ~= '' then args['collapsible'] = 'yes' if yesno(args['collapsed'] or 'no') then args['collapsed'] = 'yes' else args['collapsed'] = 'no' end end -- style for floating if (align == 'right') then style = 'float:right;' .. style elseif (align == 'left') then style = 'float:left;' .. style elseif (align == 'center') then style = 'margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;' .. style end -- compute the number of levels and track unsupported parameters local maxnum = 0 for k, v in pairs(args) do if (k and type(k) == 'number' or (type(k) == 'string' and (tonumber(k) or 0) > 0)) then if tonumber(k) > maxnum then maxnum = k end elseif (k and type(k) == 'string') then checkparameters(k) end end -- limit the number of levels maxnum = (maxnum > 511) and 511 or maxnum local levels = math.ceil(math.log(maxnum+1)/math.log(2)) local cells = math.pow(2, levels) - 1 -- "fill in" missing boxes for k = cells, 2, -1 do local j = math.floor(k/2) if args[k] and args[k] ~= '' and (args[j] == nil or args[j] == '') then args[j] = ' ' -- single space end end -- compute the first and last row number rowbegin = 2*cells+1 rowend = 2*cells+2 local cellnum = 0 for l = 1,levels do local cellsk = math.pow(2,l-1) local offset = 1 for k = 1,cellsk do cellnum = cellnum + 1 offset = offset + 2 * (math.pow(2, levels-l + 1) - 1) if args[cellnum] and args[cellnum] ~= '' then rowbegin = (offset < rowbegin) and offset or rowbegin rowend = ((offset+1) > rowend) and (offset+1) or rowend end if args[cellnum] and args[cellnum] == '' then args[cellnum] = nil end offset = offset + 2*(math.pow(2,levels-l+1)-1) + 4 end end -- add a collapsing outer container if required local res = mw.html.create('') local innercell = res local innerfs = '88%' if yesno(args['collapsible'] or 'no') then local r = res:tag('table') local t = args['title'] or ('Ancestors of ' .. mw.title.getCurrentTitle().text) r:addClass('collapsible') local f = args['float'] or '' if f == 'left' then r:css('margin', '0.3em 1em 0.3em 0') r:css('float', 'left') r:css('clear', args['clear'] or 'left') r:css('min-width', args['min-width'] or args['width'] or '33em') elseif f == 'right' then r:css('margin', '0.3em 0 0.3em 1em') r:css('float', 'right') r:css('clear', args['clear'] or 'right') r:css('min-width', args['min-width'] or args['width'] or '33em') elseif align == 'center' then r:css('margin', '0.3em auto') r:css('clear', args['clear'] or 'none') r:css('min-width', args['min-width'] or args['width'] or '60em') else r:css('margin', '0.3em 0') r:css('min-width', args['min-width'] or args['width'] or '60em') end r:css('width', args['width'] or 'auto') r:css('font-size', '88%') r:css('border', '1px solid #aaa') r:tag('tr'):tag('th') :css('padding', '0.2em 0.3em 0.2em 4.3em') :css('background', 'none') :css('color', 'inherit') :css('width', args['width'] or 'auto') :wikitext(t .. (args['ref'] or '')) innercell = r:tag('tr'):tag('td') :css('text-align', args['text-align'] or 'center') innerfs = nil args['ref'] = nil end -- add content before the table if required if args['headnotes'] then if args['headnotes_align'] then innercell:tag('div') :css('width','100%') :css('text-align',args['headnotes_align']) :wikitext(args['headnotes']) else innercell:wikitext(args['headnotes']) end end -- build the inner table local root = innercell:tag('table') root:addClass('ahnentafel') :css('font-size', innerfs) :cssText(style) -- initialize the rows with 1 by 1 blank cells for k = rowbegin, (rowend+1) do rows[k] = root:tag('tr') rows[k]:tag('td'):wikitext(' ') end -- add a blank row of cells to assist with alignment for k = 1,(3*levels + 1) do rows[rowend+1]:tag('td'):wikitext(' ') end local cellnum = 0 for l = 1,levels do local levelstyle = args['boxstyle_' .. l] or '' if args['boxstyle'] and args['boxstyle'] ~= '' then levelstyle = args['boxstyle'] .. ';' .. levelstyle end levelstyle = 'height:0.5em; padding: 2px 4px 2px 4px;' .. levelstyle levelstyle = 'border:' .. (args['border_' .. l] or args['border'] or '1') .. 'px solid black;' .. levelstyle local cellsk = math.pow(2,l-1) local offset = 1 for k = 1,cellsk do cellnum = cellnum + 1 -- top padding addcell(offset, 2*(math.pow(2,levels-l+1)-1), (l < levels) and 2 or 4, ' ', nil, nil) -- top branch if l < levels then addcell(offset, math.pow(2,levels-l+1)-1, 1, ' ', nil, nil) addcell(offset + math.pow(2,levels-l+1)-1, math.pow(2,levels-l+1)-1, 1, ' ', nil, args[2*cellnum] and topbranch or nil) end offset = offset + 2*(math.pow(2,levels-l+1)-1) -- cell addcell(offset, 2, 4, args[cellnum] or ' ', args[cellnum] and levelstyle or nil, nil) if l < levels then addcell(offset, 2, 3 + 4*(levels - l - 1), ' ', nil, nil) end offset = offset + 2 -- bottom padding addcell(offset, 2*(math.pow(2,levels-l+1)-1), (l < levels) and 2 or 4, ' ', nil, nil) -- bottom branch if l < levels then addcell(offset, math.pow(2,levels-l+1)-1, 1, ' ', nil, args[2*cellnum+1] and botbranch or nil) addcell(offset + math.pow(2,levels-l+1)-1, math.pow(2,levels-l+1)-1, 1, ' ', nil, nil) end offset = offset + 2*(math.pow(2,levels-l+1)-1) + 2 end end -- add content after the table if required if args['footnotes'] or args['ref'] then if args['footnotes_align'] then innercell:tag('div') :css('width','100%') :css('text-align',args['footnotes_align']) :wikitext(args['footnotes']) else innercell:wikitext(args['ref']) innercell:wikitext(args['footnotes']) end end return frame:extensionTag{ name = 'templatestyles', args = { src = templatestyles} } .. '<div class="noresize">' .. tostring(res) .. '</div>' .. tcats end return p fkqn347v97pq2v7l828u989uni0z7fi 10 69169 336288 2026-06-28T10:09:50Z Sampaadak 1104 Panna jisme "/* {{pp-template}} */ table.ahnentafel { border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0; line-height: 130%; } .ahnentafel tr { text-align:center; } .ahnentafel-t { border-top:var(--color-base, #000) solid 1px; border-left:var(--color-base, #000) solid 1px; } .ahnentafel-b { border-bottom:var(--color-base, #000) solid 1px; border-left:var(--color-base, #000) solid 1px; }" hae ke banae dewa gais hae. 336288 sanitized-css text/css /* {{pp-template}} */ table.ahnentafel { border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0; line-height: 130%; } .ahnentafel tr { text-align:center; } .ahnentafel-t { border-top:var(--color-base, #000) solid 1px; border-left:var(--color-base, #000) solid 1px; } .ahnentafel-b { border-bottom:var(--color-base, #000) solid 1px; border-left:var(--color-base, #000) solid 1px; } 6mg1osffoojz7889cpwxaz531k49srn