Wikipedia hifwiki https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pahila_Panna MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.9 first-letter saadhan khaas baat sadasya sadasya ke baat Wikipedia Wikipedia baat file file ke baat MediaWiki MediaWiki ke baat Template Template ke baat madat madat ke baat vibhag voibhag ke baat TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 4559 336403 333839 2026-07-05T11:16:25Z InternetArchiveBot 26740 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 336403 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | honorific_prefix = | name = Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart | honorific_suffix = | image = Wolfgang-amadeus-mozart 1.jpg | image_size = | alt = | caption = Mozart | native_name = | native_name_lang = | pronunciation = <!--add pronunciation in IPA with template {{IPA-xx|...|lang}}, and replace 'xx' with the ISO639-1 code for the language. If pronunciation is in English and this will be obvious, {{IPA-en|...|}} should be used.--> | birth_name = Johannes Chrysostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart | birth_date = {{Birth date|1756|01|27|df=yes}} | birth_place = [[Salzburg]] | death_date = {{Death date and age|1791|12|05|1756|01|27|df=yes}} | death_place = [[Vienna]], [[Austria]] | death_cause = Uncertain | body_discovered = | resting_place = Vienna | resting_place_coordinates = <!-- {{Coord|LAT|LONG|type:landmark|display=inline}} --> | monuments = | residence = | other_names = | citizenship = | education = | alma_mater = | occupation = Composer, instrumentalist, [[music]] teacher | years_active = 1761 – 1791 | employer = | organization = | agent = | known_for = | notable_works = ''[[The Marriage of Figaro]]''<br />''[[Don Giovanni]]''<br />''[[Cosi fan tutte]]''<br />''[[The Magic Flute]]''<br />[[Symphony No. 41 "Jupiter" (Mozart)|Symphony in C major ("Jupiter")]]<br />[[Piano Concerto No. 20 (Mozart)|Piano Concerto in D minor]]<br />[[Clarinet Concerto (Mozart)|Clarinet Concerto in A major]]<br />Serenade for 13 Wind Instruments<br />[[Requiem (Mozart)|Requiem]] | style = Classical | home_town = | salary = | net_worth = | height = <!-- {{height|m=}} --> | weight = <!-- {{convert|weight in kg|kg|lb}} --> | television = | title = | term = | predecessor = | successor = | party = | movement = | opponents = | boards = | criminal_charge = <!-- Criminality parameters should be supported with citations from reliable sources --> | criminal_penalty = | criminal_status = | spouse = Constanze Mozart | partner = | children = 6 children; 4 sons and 2 daughters | parents = [[Leopold Mozart]] and Anna Maria Mozart | relatives = [[Maria Anna Mozart]] (sister) | callsign = | awards = | website = <!-- {{URL|www.example.com}} --> | module = | module2 = | module3 = | module4 = | module5 = | module6 = | signature = Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Signature.svg | signature_size = | signature_alt = | footnotes = | box_width = }} '''Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart''' ek [[Austria]]n composer aur piano bajae waala musician rahaa. Uu aapan chhota jindagi me 600 se jaada music likhis rahaa. Bahut log ii soche hae ki uu sab time ke, sab se achchhaa composer rahaa. Uske janam [[Salzburg]] me [[27 January]] [[1756]] me bhais rahaa. Uske likha gais musicc me opera (music with a story) ''Don Giovanni'' aur ''Die Zauberflöte'' (''The Magic Flute'') bhi rahaa. Uske opera ek minuet (ek naach) se suruu howat rahaa jiske uu jab chaar saal ke rahha tab likis rahaa, aur khalaas howat rahaa ''Requiem'' se, jiske uu khalaas nai karat rahaa. Mozart piano bahut achchhaa se bajaawat rahaa. Uske maut [[5 December]] , [[1791]] ke rheumatic fever se bhaes rahaa jab ki uu khaali 35 saal ke rahaa.<ref>{{Cite web | url = http://www.its.caltech.edu/~tan/Mozartreq/main.html | title = Biography of Mozart | accessdate = 12-07-2009}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | url = http://www.azopera.com/learn.php?subcat=composerbios&composer=Mozart | title = Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart | accessdate = 12-07-2009 | archive-date = 2013-01-16 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130116095558/http://www.azopera.com/learn.php?subcat=composerbios&composer=Mozart | url-status = dead }}</ref> == Palwaar aur jawaani ke din == Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart ke baap ke naam, Leopold Mozart aur maiy ake naam Anna Maria Mozart rahaa. Uske janam 9&nbsp; Getreidegasse, Salzburg, jon ki Archbishopric of Salzburg ke capital rahaa, aur jon ki abhi Austria me hae, aur jon ki uu time [[Holy Roman Empire]] me rahaa, me bhais rahaa. Uske khaali ek bahini bajpan ke baad jinda rahis, jiske naam Maria Anna Mozart (1751–1829) rahaa. Mozart ke uske janam ke ek din baad Salzburg Cathedral me baptize karaa gais rahaa. Uske baptised naam ''Joannes<!-- This is not a spelling mistake; it is indeed "Joannes" --> Chrysostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart'' rahaa. Uu apne ke, barraa hoe ke baad, "Wolfgang Amadè Mozart" bolat rahaa, lekin uske naam ke dher rakam se likha jawat rahaa. Uske pitaji (1719–1787) Augsburg ke rahaa. Uu Archbishop of Salzburg, ek chhota composer, aur experienced teacher ke niche ek Kapellmeister rahaa. Mozart ke janam ke ek saal ke bad uu violin ke uppar ek book, ''[[Versuch einer gründlichen Violinschule]]'', likis jon ki kaafi safal rahaa. [[File:Wolfgang-amadeus-mozart 2.jpg|thumb|upright|Anonymous portrait of the child Mozart, possibly by [[Pietro Antonio Lorenzoni]]; painted in 1763 on commission from Leopold Mozart]] Mozart ke bahini, Maria Anna ("Nannerl") ek talented larrki rahi. Duuno larrkan aapan musical aur academic sikchhaa aapan pitaji se paae rahin. Iske palwaar [[Europe]] ke kuchh din talak tour kare rahin. Uu logan royals aur aristocrats ke khaatir perform kare rahin. [[File:Louis Carrogis dit Carmontelle - Portrait de Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (Salzbourg, 1756-Vienne, 1791) jouant à Paris avec son père Jean... - Google Art Project.jpg|left|thumb|Leopold, Wolfgang, aur Nannerl, lagbhag 1763]] Mozart [[Munich]], [[Prague]], [[Paris]], [[The Hague]] aur [[London]] me perform karis rahaa. London me, uu King [[George III of Great Britain|George III]] ke khaatir perform karis rahaa. Uu composer [[Johann Christian Bach]], [[Johann Sebastian Bach]] ke larrka se milis rahaa. Uu Johann Christian Bach (1735–1782) ke godii me bath ke ek [[fugue]] ke improvise karis rahaa. Aur hian pe, aath saal ke umar me uu aapan pahila duii symphonies ke perform hoe dekhis rahaa. Ant me, the Mozart palwaar Salzburg laut gain. Lekin 1768 me, uulog Vienna gay rahin. Vienna me, barah saal ke Wolfgang aapan pahila opera ''Bastien und Bastienne'' ke production ke stage karis rahaa. Lekin uu [[smallpox]] se bemaar hoe gais rahaa. Uu achchhaa hoe gais, lekin uske chehraa pe iske daag jindagi bhar rahaa. Uu [[Italy]] gais, jahan pe uu famous [[Italy|Italian]] composers ke music sunis rahaa. Mozart ek piece jiske naam ''Miserere'' ''Bastien und Bastienne''rahaa, ke sunis rahaa by [[Gregorio Allegri]]. Iske [[Pope]] ke khaatir likha gais rahaa, uske [[choir]] of the [[Vatican]] ke gaawe ke khaatir. Koi ke likha gais music ke dekhe ke ijaajat nai rahaa. Iske kaaran rahaa ki koi aur iske copy kar ke gaawe nai sakat rahaa. Lekin, Mozart iske ek dafe sunis aur yaad kar ke iske likh diis rahaa. Uu [[Pope]] se milis rahaa aur uske [[knighthood]] (Order of the Golden Spur) dewa gais rahaa. 1777 me uu, aapan maiyaa ke saathe ek yatra pe gais rahaa. [[Mannheim]] me, uu Aloysia Weber se pyaar kare lagaa rahaa. Uu 16 saal ke rahii aur [[singing]] study karat rahii. Mozart maangat rahaaa uske Italy lae jaae ke uske famous banae, lekin uske pitaji iske rok diis. 1778 me, Mozart aur uske maiyaa [[Paris]] me rahin, jahaan uske maiyaa mar gais. Mozart chhotaa-chhotaa operas likhat rahaa jab uu chhotaa rahaa, lekin uske pahila khaas opera,''[[Idomeneo]]'' rahaa. Iske pahila dafe, [[1780]] me [[Munich]] me perform karaa gais rahaa. Agle saal uu Vienna gais. Ii time talak uu, aapan pitaji ke rakam, Archbishop of Salzburg ke khaatir kaam karat rahaa. Jab uu Salzburg lautis tab uu Archbishop se argue karis. Iske kaaran, Archbishop uske kaam se nikaal diis rahaa. Mozart iske baad Vienna gais, jahaan pe uu aapan baaki jindagu bhar rahaa. 1782 me uu, [[Constanze Weber]] ke saathe saadi karis. Uu Aloysia (jon ii time talak aur koi se saadi kar le rahii) ke tiin chhotaa bahini me se ek rahii. Uulog ke saath larrkan rahin, jisme se paanch bachpan me mar gay rahin. Mozart ke pitaji ii saadi se khusi nai rahaa. Constanze ek dayalu aurat rahii, Mozart ke rakam, uu paisa pe dhyan achchhaa se nai rakkhat rahii, jiske kaaran uulog jaada kar ke garib rahin. Wahii saal, [[1782]] me, Mozart ek aur successful opera: ''[[Die Entführung aus dem Serail]]'' ("The Abduction from the Seraglio") ke likhis. Ii opera ke pahila performance ke baare me ek famous khissa hae. Ii khissa me emperor Joseph II aur Mozart ke biich me ek chhotaa baat -chit hoe hae. Jab emperor opera ke sun liis, tab uu Mozart se bolis: “too many notes, dear Mozart, too many notes.” Mozart jawaab diis: “Just as many as are necessary, Your Majesty.” [[File:Mozart (unfinished) by Lange 1782.jpg|thumb|right|Mozart ke khalaas nai bhais waala chhaapa, 1782]] Mozart dher concerts ke suruu karis rahaa, jisme uu piano [[concerto]]s ke apne bajais rahaa. Uu ii sab concertos ke apne compose karis rahaa aur keyboard se [[conducting|conduct]] karis rahaa. Mozart ke piano concertos abhi bhi mashuur hae. uu 27 piano concertos ke likhis rahaa. Sab concertos ke ek number hae jisse ii jaana jaae sake ki ii kon concerto hae . Mashuur piano concertos hae numbers (Nos.) 20, 21, 23, 24 and 27. Isme se dher concertos , Mozart ke sab se achchhaa hae. Uu composer [[Joseph Haydn]] ke milis aur duuno achchhaa dost ban gain. Uulog ek saathe [[string quartet]] bajaawat rahin. Haydn, Leopold Mozart se ek din bolis: "Before God and as an honest man I tell you that your son is the greatest composer known to me either in person or by name. He has taste, and what is more, the most profound knowledge of composition." Mozart, Haydn ke saathe ekke Masonic Lodge me rahaa. Iske matlab hae ki duuno ek group ke hissa rahin jiske ek rakam ke interests rahaa. Mozart, Hayden ke six string quartets dedidcate karis rahaa. Iske "Haydn" Quartets bola jaawe hae. Dui famous "Haydn" Quartets hae. Isme se ek ke naam, "Hunt" aur duusra ke naam, "Dissonance" rahaa. == References == {{reflist}} * Groves Dictionary of Music and Musicians, edited by Stanley Sadie; 1980; ISBN 1-56159-174-2 == Duusra websites == * [http://www.mozartproject.org/index.html The Mozart Project] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161203001710/http://www.mozartproject.org/index.html |date=2016-12-03 }} * [http://www.panoramablick.com Mozart livecams] Live pictures of Mozart Birth house, Mozart Monument, Mozart View and so on. {{BD|1756|1791|Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus}} [[Category:Austria ke log]] [[Category:Composers]] [[Category:Jaruri article]] b3gyy55a9ir227uizyfolna6knwuvg2 0 5326 336400 329018 2026-07-05T10:02:36Z Smcnarayan 362 336400 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox royalty | name = Elizabeth I | image = Darnley stage 3.jpg | caption = The ''[[Portraiture of Elizabeth I#The Darnley Portrait|Darnley Portrait]]'', {{Circa|1575}} | alt = Full-length portrait of Queen Elizabeth in her early 40s. She has red hair, fair skin, and wears a crown and a pearl necklace. | succession = [[List of English monarchs|Queen of England]] and [[List of Irish monarchs|Ireland]] | moretext = ([[Style of the English sovereigns|more...]]) | reign = 17 November 1558{{sndash}}<br/>24 March 1603 | coronation = 15 January 1559 | cor-type = [[Coronation of Elizabeth I|Coronation]] | predecessor = [[Mary I]] and [[Philip II of Spain|Philip]] | successor = [[James VI and I|James I]] | house = [[House of Tudor|Tudor]] | father = [[Henry VIII of England]] | mother = [[Anne Boleyn]] | birth_date = 7 September 1533 | birth_place = [[Palace of Placentia]], Greenwich, England | death_date = 24 March 1603 (aged 69) | death_place = [[Richmond Palace]], Surrey, England | burial_date = 28 April 1603 | burial_place = [[Westminster Abbey]] | signature = Autograph of Elizabeth I of England.svg | religion = [[Anglicanism]] }} '''Elizabeth I of England''' ([[7 September]] [[1533]] - [[24 March]] [[1603]]), [[17 November]] [[1558]] se 1603 talak England ke rani rahii jab uske maut bhais rahaa. Uske ''The Virgin Queen'' nai to ''Good Queen Bess'' bhi bola jaawat rahaa. == Bachpan ke din == Elizabeth ke janam Greenwich Palace me bhais rahaa. Uske naam uske aaji aur naani ke baad, jon duuno ke pahila naam Elizabeth rahaa, rakkha gais rahaa. Uu Henry VIII of England ke dusra baby rahis jon ki janam ke time nai maris. Uske maiya, Henry ke duusra aurat, Anne Boleyn rahis. Janam ke time Elizabeth English throne ke heiress banis kaaheki uske barri bahini ke maiya ke Henry chhorr diis rahaa. Jab Elizabeth dui saal aur aath mahina ke rahii tab uske maiya ke execute kar dewa gais rahaa. Elizabeth ke illegitimate batawa gais aur uske princess ke naam ke hatae dewa gais. ===Parrhai=== [[File:El bieta I lat 13.jpg|thumb|Teenage Elizabeth, raani bane se pahile, jiske William Scrots paint karis rahaa uske pitaji ke khaatir, lagbhag {{Circa|1546}} me.]] Elizabeth ke pahila governess, Margaret Bryan, likhis rahaii ki Elizabeth "as toward a child and as gentle of conditions as ever I knew any in my life" rahii.{{Sfn|Jenkins, ''Elizabeth the Great''|1967|p=13}}{{Sfn|Somerset|2003|p=11}} Catherine Champernowne, jiske aur achchhaa se uske saadi waala naam, Catherine "Kat" Ashley, se jaana jaae hae, ke Elizabeth ke governess 1537 me banaawa gais rahaa, aur uu Elizabeth ke uske maut 1565 talak rahii. Champernowne Elizabeth ke chaar bhasa parrhae rahii: [[French bhasa|French]], [[Dutch language|Dutch]], [[Italian bhasa|Italian]], aaur [[Spanish bhasa|Spanish]].{{Sfn|Weir, ''Children of Henry VIII''|1997|page=7}} Jab [[William Grindal]] uske tutor 1544 me banaa rahaa, Elizabeth [[English bhasa|English]], [[Latin]], aur Italian parrhe-likhe sakat rahii. Grindal, ek talented aur skilful tutor ke niche, uu French aur [[Greek bhasa|Greek]] me bhi aage barrhi.{{Sfn|Loades|2003|pp=8–10}} 12 saal ke umar talak, uu aapan stepmother [[Catherine Parr]] ke religious kaam ''[[Prayers or Meditations]]'' ke English ise Italian, Latin, aur French me translate kare rahii, jon uu aapan pitaji ke ek New Year's gift ke ruup me diye rahii.<ref name="Seth Sanders">{{Cite news |last=Sanders |first=Seth |date=10 October 2002 |title=Book of translations reveals intellectualism of England's powerful Queen Elizabeth I |url=http://chronicle.uchicago.edu/021010/elizabeth.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191228063115/http://chronicle.uchicago.edu/021010/elizabeth.shtml |archive-date=28 December 2019 |access-date=9 January 2020 |publisher=University of Chicago Chronicle}}</ref> Aapan teenage ke jiwan aur aapan jindagu bhar, uu dher chij ke Latin and Greek me translate kare rahii, jon dher classical lekhak se rahaa, jisme ''[[Pro Marcello]]'' of [[Cicero]], ''[[De consolatione philosophiae]]'' of [[Boethius]], ek treatise by [[Plutarch]], aur ''[[Annals (Tacitus)|Annals]]'' of [[Tacitus]] rahaa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=McCall |first=Rosie |date=29 November 2019 |title=Mystery author of forgotten Tacitus translation turns out to be Elizabeth I |url=https://www.newsweek.com/mystery-author-forgotten-tacitus-translation-elizabeth-i-1474704 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200110110438/https://www.newsweek.com/mystery-author-forgotten-tacitus-translation-elizabeth-i-1474704 |archive-date=10 January 2020 |access-date=9 January 2020 |website=Newsweek}}</ref><ref name="Seth Sanders"/> Tacitus ke ek translation [[Lambeth Palace]] Library se, jon chaar bachaa English translations from the early modern era me se ek hae, ke Elizabeth ke aapan 2019 me confirm karaa gais rahaa, handwriting aur paper ke detailed analysis ke baad.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Faulconbridge |first=Guy |date=29 November 2019 |title=Elizabeth I revealed as the translator of Tacitus into English |url=https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-britain-royals-elizabethi/elizabeth-i-revealed-as-the-translator-of-tacitus-into-english-idUKKBN1Y30Y6 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191224041110/https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-britain-royals-elizabethi/elizabeth-i-revealed-as-the-translator-of-tacitus-into-english-idUKKBN1Y30Y6 |archive-date=24 December 2019 |access-date=9 January 2020 |publisher=Reuters}}</ref> 1548 me Grindal ke maut ke baad, Elizabeth ke parrhai brother Edward ke tutor, [[Roger Ascham]], ek sympathetic teacher jon biswas karat rahaa ki learning should be engaging, uske parrhais rahaa.{{Sfn|Somerset|2003|p=25}} Abhi ke jaankaari, Elizabeth ke schooling aur precocity ke baare me, jaada kar ke Ascham ke memoirs se aawe hae.{{Sfn|Loades|2003|pp=8–10}} 1550 me, jab Elizabeth ke formal parrhai khalaas bhais rahaa, tab uu aapan generation ke ek sab se jaada parrhi-likkhi aurat rahii.{{Sfn|Loades|2003|p=21}} Aapan jindagi ke ant me, ii bisweas karaa jaae hae ki uu [[Welsh language|Welsh]], [[Cornish language|Cornish]], [[Scots language|Scottish]], aur [[Irish bhasa]] me baat kare sakat rahii, uppar likha gais bhasa ke saathe. Venetian ambassador 1603 me batais rahaa ke Elizabeth "possessed [these] languages so thoroughly that each appeared to be her native tongue".<ref>[http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=95577 "Venice: April 1603"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140413182850/http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=95577 |date=13 April 2014}}, ''Calendar of State Papers Relating to English Affairs in the Archives of Venice'', Volume 9: 1592–1603 (1897), 562–570. Retrieved 22 March 2012.</ref> Historian [[Mark Stoyle]] ii suggest karis hae ki Elizabeth ke saait Cornish William Killigrew, Groom of the Privy Chamber aur baad me [[Chamberlain of the Exchequer]] sikhais rahaa.<ref>[[Stoyle, Mark]]. ''West Britons, Cornish Identities and the Early Modern British State'', University of Exeter Press, 2002, p. 220.</ref> Elizabeth ek skilled musician bhi rahii, aur ke bajae sakt rahii [[Virginals|virginal (harpsichord)]]<ref>{{Cite book |last=Harley |first=John |title=William Byrd |publisher=[[Routledge]] |year=1999 |isbn=9781315084053 |publication-date=1999}}</ref> aur [[lute]] bhi (jiske [[Philip van Wilder]] tutor karis rahaa).<ref>{{Cite book |last=Spring |first=Matthew |title=The Lute in Britain: A History of the Instrument and Its Music |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |year=2001 |isbn=9780195188387 |edition=1st}}</ref> Elizabeth [[Thomas Tallis]] ke pahila keyboard oeuvre ke bajais rahaa, jon abhi [[Mulliner Book]] me hae, chhote se.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Harley |first=John |title=Thomas Tallis |publisher=[[Routledge]] |year=2020 |isbn=9780367597559 |edition=1st}}</ref> == Legacy == There have been many [[films]] about Elizabeth I. * ''The Private Lives of Elizabeth and Essex'' ([[1939]]) - [[Bette Davis]] * ''The Virgin Queen'' ([[1955]]) - Bette Davis * ''Elizabeth R'', a [[BBC]] [[television series]] - [[Glenda Jackson]] * ''Elizabeth'' - [[Cate Blanchett]] played Elizabeth I in the film and was nominated for [[Academy Award for Best Actress]]. == Duusra websites == {{BD|1533|1603|Elizabeth I of England}} [[vibhag:England ke log]] [[vibhag:Raja aur rani]] hwe9m24df2nuckq1y7fm8xxthvdwd5j 336401 336400 2026-07-05T10:25:53Z Smcnarayan 362 336401 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox royalty | name = Elizabeth I | image = Darnley stage 3.jpg | caption = The ''[[Portraiture of Elizabeth I#The Darnley Portrait|Darnley Portrait]]'', {{Circa|1575}} | alt = Full-length portrait of Queen Elizabeth in her early 40s. She has red hair, fair skin, and wears a crown and a pearl necklace. | succession = [[List of English monarchs|Queen of England]] and [[List of Irish monarchs|Ireland]] | moretext = ([[Style of the English sovereigns|more...]]) | reign = 17 November 1558{{sndash}}<br/>24 March 1603 | coronation = 15 January 1559 | cor-type = [[Coronation of Elizabeth I|Coronation]] | predecessor = [[Mary I]] and [[Philip II of Spain|Philip]] | successor = [[James VI and I|James I]] | house = [[House of Tudor|Tudor]] | father = [[Henry VIII of England]] | mother = [[Anne Boleyn]] | birth_date = 7 September 1533 | birth_place = [[Palace of Placentia]], Greenwich, England | death_date = 24 March 1603 (aged 69) | death_place = [[Richmond Palace]], Surrey, England | burial_date = 28 April 1603 | burial_place = [[Westminster Abbey]] | signature = Autograph of Elizabeth I of England.svg | religion = [[Anglicanism]] }} '''Elizabeth I of England''' ([[7 September]] [[1533]] - [[24 March]] [[1603]]), [[17 November]] [[1558]] se 1603 talak England ke rani rahii jab uske maut bhais rahaa. Uske ''The Virgin Queen'' nai to ''Good Queen Bess'' bhi bola jaawat rahaa. == Bachpan ke din == Elizabeth ke janam Greenwich Palace me bhais rahaa. Uske naam uske aaji aur naani ke baad, jon duuno ke pahila naam Elizabeth rahaa, rakkha gais rahaa. Uu Henry VIII of England ke dusra baby rahis jon ki janam ke time nai maris. Uske maiya, Henry ke duusra aurat, Anne Boleyn rahis. Janam ke time Elizabeth English throne ke heiress banis kaaheki uske barri bahini ke maiya ke Henry chhorr diis rahaa. Jab Elizabeth dui saal aur aath mahina ke rahii tab uske maiya ke execute kar dewa gais rahaa. Elizabeth ke illegitimate batawa gais aur uske princess ke naam ke hatae dewa gais. ===Parrhai=== [[File:El bieta I lat 13.jpg|thumb|Teenage Elizabeth, raani bane se pahile, jiske William Scrots paint karis rahaa uske pitaji ke khaatir, lagbhag {{Circa|1546}} me.]] Elizabeth ke pahila governess, Margaret Bryan, likhis rahaii ki Elizabeth "as toward a child and as gentle of conditions as ever I knew any in my life" rahii.{{Sfn|Jenkins, ''Elizabeth the Great''|1967|p=13}}{{Sfn|Somerset|2003|p=11}} Catherine Champernowne, jiske aur achchhaa se uske saadi waala naam, Catherine "Kat" Ashley, se jaana jaae hae, ke Elizabeth ke governess 1537 me banaawa gais rahaa, aur uu Elizabeth ke uske maut 1565 talak rahii. Champernowne Elizabeth ke chaar bhasa parrhae rahii: [[French bhasa|French]], [[Dutch language|Dutch]], [[Italian bhasa|Italian]], aaur [[Spanish bhasa|Spanish]].{{Sfn|Weir, ''Children of Henry VIII''|1997|page=7}} Jab [[William Grindal]] uske tutor 1544 me banaa rahaa, Elizabeth [[English bhasa|English]], [[Latin]], aur Italian parrhe-likhe sakat rahii. Grindal, ek talented aur skilful tutor ke niche, uu French aur [[Greek bhasa|Greek]] me bhi aage barrhi.{{Sfn|Loades|2003|pp=8–10}} 12 saal ke umar talak, uu aapan stepmother [[Catherine Parr]] ke religious kaam ''[[Prayers or Meditations]]'' ke English ise Italian, Latin, aur French me translate kare rahii, jon uu aapan pitaji ke ek New Year's gift ke ruup me diye rahii.<ref name="Seth Sanders">{{Cite news |last=Sanders |first=Seth |date=10 October 2002 |title=Book of translations reveals intellectualism of England's powerful Queen Elizabeth I |url=http://chronicle.uchicago.edu/021010/elizabeth.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191228063115/http://chronicle.uchicago.edu/021010/elizabeth.shtml |archive-date=28 December 2019 |access-date=9 January 2020 |publisher=University of Chicago Chronicle}}</ref> Aapan teenage ke jiwan aur aapan jindagu bhar, uu dher chij ke Latin and Greek me translate kare rahii, jon dher classical lekhak se rahaa, jisme ''[[Pro Marcello]]'' of [[Cicero]], ''[[De consolatione philosophiae]]'' of [[Boethius]], ek treatise by [[Plutarch]], aur ''[[Annals (Tacitus)|Annals]]'' of [[Tacitus]] rahaa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=McCall |first=Rosie |date=29 November 2019 |title=Mystery author of forgotten Tacitus translation turns out to be Elizabeth I |url=https://www.newsweek.com/mystery-author-forgotten-tacitus-translation-elizabeth-i-1474704 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200110110438/https://www.newsweek.com/mystery-author-forgotten-tacitus-translation-elizabeth-i-1474704 |archive-date=10 January 2020 |access-date=9 January 2020 |website=Newsweek}}</ref><ref name="Seth Sanders"/> Tacitus ke ek translation [[Lambeth Palace]] Library se, jon chaar bachaa English translations from the early modern era me se ek hae, ke Elizabeth ke aapan 2019 me confirm karaa gais rahaa, handwriting aur paper ke detailed analysis ke baad.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Faulconbridge |first=Guy |date=29 November 2019 |title=Elizabeth I revealed as the translator of Tacitus into English |url=https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-britain-royals-elizabethi/elizabeth-i-revealed-as-the-translator-of-tacitus-into-english-idUKKBN1Y30Y6 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191224041110/https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-britain-royals-elizabethi/elizabeth-i-revealed-as-the-translator-of-tacitus-into-english-idUKKBN1Y30Y6 |archive-date=24 December 2019 |access-date=9 January 2020 |publisher=Reuters}}</ref> 1548 me Grindal ke maut ke baad, Elizabeth ke parrhai brother Edward ke tutor, [[Roger Ascham]], ek sympathetic teacher jon biswas karat rahaa ki learning should be engaging, uske parrhais rahaa.{{Sfn|Somerset|2003|p=25}} Abhi ke jaankaari, Elizabeth ke schooling aur precocity ke baare me, jaada kar ke Ascham ke memoirs se aawe hae.{{Sfn|Loades|2003|pp=8–10}} 1550 me, jab Elizabeth ke formal parrhai khalaas bhais rahaa, tab uu aapan generation ke ek sab se jaada parrhi-likkhi aurat rahii.{{Sfn|Loades|2003|p=21}} Aapan jindagi ke ant me, ii bisweas karaa jaae hae ki uu [[Welsh language|Welsh]], [[Cornish language|Cornish]], [[Scots language|Scottish]], aur [[Irish bhasa]] me baat kare sakat rahii, uppar likha gais bhasa ke saathe. Venetian ambassador 1603 me batais rahaa ke Elizabeth "possessed [these] languages so thoroughly that each appeared to be her native tongue".<ref>[http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=95577 "Venice: April 1603"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140413182850/http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=95577 |date=13 April 2014}}, ''Calendar of State Papers Relating to English Affairs in the Archives of Venice'', Volume 9: 1592–1603 (1897), 562–570. Retrieved 22 March 2012.</ref> Historian [[Mark Stoyle]] ii suggest karis hae ki Elizabeth ke saait Cornish William Killigrew, Groom of the Privy Chamber aur baad me [[Chamberlain of the Exchequer]] sikhais rahaa.<ref>[[Stoyle, Mark]]. ''West Britons, Cornish Identities and the Early Modern British State'', University of Exeter Press, 2002, p. 220.</ref> Elizabeth ek skilled musician bhi rahii, aur ke bajae sakt rahii [[Virginals|virginal (harpsichord)]]<ref>{{Cite book |last=Harley |first=John |title=William Byrd |publisher=[[Routledge]] |year=1999 |isbn=9781315084053 |publication-date=1999}}</ref> aur [[lute]] bhi (jiske [[Philip van Wilder]] tutor karis rahaa).<ref>{{Cite book |last=Spring |first=Matthew |title=The Lute in Britain: A History of the Instrument and Its Music |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |year=2001 |isbn=9780195188387 |edition=1st}}</ref> Elizabeth [[Thomas Tallis]] ke pahila keyboard oeuvre ke bajais rahaa, jon abhi [[Mulliner Book]] me hae, chhote se.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Harley |first=John |title=Thomas Tallis |publisher=[[Routledge]] |year=2020 |isbn=9780367597559 |edition=1st}}</ref> ===Jawaani=== [[File:Thomas Seymour Denizot.jpg|thumb|Elizabeth ke guardian, [[Thomas Seymour, Baron Seymour of Sudeley]]]] Henry VIII 1547 me mar gais rahaa aur Elizabeth ke half-brother, Edward VI, raja banaa, nau saal ke umar me. Catherine Parr, Henry ke widow, [[Thomas Seymour, Baron Seymour of Sudeley]], Edward VI ke uncle aur Lord Protector [[Edward Seymour, Duke of Somerset]] ke bhaiyaa se saadi kar liis. Ii duuno Elizabeth ke aapan ghar [[Chelsea, London|Chelsea]] lae gain. Huan pe Elizabeth ek emotional crisis experience karis, jon kuchh itihasik biswas kare hae, uske jindagi bhar affect kare rahii. {{Sfn|Loades|2003|p=11}} Thomas Seymour 14 saal ke Elizabeth romps aur horseplay me involved rahaa, jisme uske bedroom me aapan nightgown pahin ke ghusna bhi rahaa, uske gudgudi lagaawat rahaa, aur uske buttocks ke slap karat rahaa. Elizabeth jaldi se uth ke , apne ke aapan maids se surround karat rahii, jisse ki ii unwelcome morning visits ke avaoid karaa jaae sake. Parr, aapan admii ke confront kare ke jagha , isme join karat rahii. Dui dafe uu aapan admii ke saathe, Elizabeth ke gudgudi lagais rahii, aur ek dafe uske pakrre rahii jab uske admii, Elizabeth ke black gown "hazaar piece me kaatis rahaa".{{Sfn|Starkey, ''Apprenticeship''|2001|p=69}} Lekin jab Parr discovered the pair in an embrace, uu ii kaam ke band kar diis.{{Sfn|Loades|2003|p=14}} In May 1548, Elizabeth was sent away. Thomas Seymour royal family ke control kare ke kosis karte rahaa aur apne ke raja ke governor banwae ke kosis karis rahaa.{{Sfn|Haigh|2000|p=8}}{{Sfn|Neale|1954|p=32}} Jab Parr mar gais bachchaa paida hoe ke baad, 5 September 1548 me, uu Elizabeth ke taraf aapan attitude ke fir se suruu karis, kaaheki uu Elizabeth se saadi kare maangat rahaa.{{Sfn|Williams, ''Elizabeth''|1972|p=24}} Uske governess [[Kat Ashley]], Seymour uske ke like karat rahii, aur Elizabeth ke convince kare ke kosis karis kiuu usse saadi kare. uu Elizabeth ke Seymour ke lage likhe ke kosis karis "comfort him in his sorrow",{{Sfn|Weir, ''Children of Henry VIII''|1997}} lekin Elizabeth claimed karis ki Thomasuske stepmother ke maut se saddende dnai rahaa aur comfort nai need karat rahaa. == Legacy == There have been many [[films]] about Elizabeth I. * ''The Private Lives of Elizabeth and Essex'' ([[1939]]) - [[Bette Davis]] * ''The Virgin Queen'' ([[1955]]) - Bette Davis * ''Elizabeth R'', a [[BBC]] [[television series]] - [[Glenda Jackson]] * ''Elizabeth'' - [[Cate Blanchett]] played Elizabeth I in the film and was nominated for [[Academy Award for Best Actress]]. == Duusra websites == {{BD|1533|1603|Elizabeth I of England}} [[vibhag:England ke log]] [[vibhag:Raja aur rani]] mgopf2syxqlwscotrkluom1h20plyr5 0 8814 336398 335612 2026-07-05T07:55:25Z InternetArchiveBot 26740 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 336398 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Image:Ybc7289-bw.jpg|thumb|250px|right|Babylonian clay tablet BC 7289 (c. 1800–1600 BC) with annotations. The approximation of the [[square root of 2]] is four [[sexagesimal]] figures, which is about six [[decimal]] figures. 1 + 24/60 + 51/60² + 10/60³ = 1.41421296...<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://it.stlawu.edu/%7Edmelvill/mesomath/tablets/YBC7289.html |title=Photograph, illustration, and description of the ''root(2)'' tablet from the Yale Babylonian Collection |access-date=2010-12-29 |archive-date=2012-08-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120813054036/http://it.stlawu.edu/%7Edmelvill/mesomath/tablets/YBC7289.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Image by Bill Casselman.<ref>[http://www.math.ubc.ca/~cass/Euclid/ybc/ybc.html YBC 7289, Bill Casselman]</ref>]] '''Numerical analysis''', [[algorithm]]s ke parrhai hae, jisme numerical [[approximation]] ([[symbolic computation|symbolic manipulations]] ke jagha) ke kaam me laae ke [[mathematical analysis]] ke problem ke solve kara jaawe hae. ==Notes== <references/> ==References== <!-- This template can be used for additional references. *{{cite book |last= |first= |authorlink= |coauthors= |title= |year= |publisher= |location= |id= }} --> *{{cite book |last=Gilat |first=Amos |authorlink= |coauthors= |title=MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications | edition=2nd edition |year=2004 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |location= |isbn=0-471-69420-7 }} *{{cite book |last=Hildebrand |first=F. B. | authorlink=Francis B. Hildebrand | title=Introduction to Numerical Analysis | edition=2nd edition |year=1974 |publisher=McGraw-Hill |location= |isbn= 0-070-28761-9}} *{{cite book |last=Leader |first=Jeffery J. | title=Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computation |year=2004 |publisher=Addison Wesley |location= |isbn= 0-201-73499-0 }} * Trefethen, Lloyd N. (2006). [http://web.comlab.ox.ac.uk/oucl/work/nick.trefethen/NAessay.pdf "Numerical analysis"], 20 pages. In: Timothy Gowers and June Barrow-Green (editors), ''Princeton Companion of Mathematics'', Princeton University Press. ==External links== *[http://www-gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/cgi-bin/digbib.cgi?PPN362160546 Numerische Mathematik], volumes 1-66, Springer, 1959-1994 (searchable; pages are images). {{en icon}} {{de icon}} *[http://www.springerlink.com/content/0029-599X Numerische Mathematik at SpringerLink] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.ph/20121208202239/http://www.springerlink.com/content/0029-599X |date=2012-12-08 }}, volumes 1-112, Springer, 1959–2009 *[http://siamdl.aip.org/dbt/dbt.jsp?KEY=SJNAAM SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis], volumes 1-47, SIAM, 1964–2009 '''Software and Code''' *[http://norma.mas.ecp.fr/wikimas/ScientificComputingSoftware Lists of free software for scientific computing and numerical analysis] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081223214554/http://norma.mas.ecp.fr/wikimas/ScientificComputingSoftware |date=2008-12-23 }} {{en icon}} {{fr icon}} *[http://people.sc.fsu.edu/~tomek/Fortran/num_meth.html Numerical methods for Fortran programmers] *[http://www.apropos-logic.com/nc/ Java Number Cruncher] features free, downloadable code samples that graphically illustrate common numerical algorithms *[http://www.ifh.uni-karlsruhe.de/people/fenton/Lectures.html Excel Implementations] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718110037/http://www.ifh.uni-karlsruhe.de/people/fenton/Lectures.html |date=2011-07-18 }} *[http://www.akiti.ca/Mathfxns.html Several Numerical Mathematical Utilities (in Javascript)] '''Online Texts''' *[http://www.nr.com/oldverswitcher.html ''Numerical Recipes''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150905141405/http://www.nr.com/oldverswitcher.html |date=2015-09-05 }}, William H. Press (free, downloadable previous editions) *[http://kr.cs.ait.ac.th/~radok/math/mat7/stepsa.htm#Numerical%20Analysis ''First Steps in Numerical Analysis''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120225082123/http://kr.cs.ait.ac.th/~radok/math/mat7/stepsa.htm#Numerical%20Analysis |date=2012-02-25 }}, R.J.Hosking, S.Joe, D.C.Joyce, and J.C.Turner *[http://ece.uwaterloo.ca/~dwharder/NumericalAnalysis/ ''Numerical Analysis for Engineering''], D. W. Harder *[http://www.phy.ornl.gov/csep/CSEP/TEXTOC.html ''CSEP'' (Computational Science Education Project)], [[U.S. Department of Energy]] '''Online Course Material''' *[http://www.damtp.cam.ac.uk/user/fdl/people/sd103/lectures/nummeth98/index.htm#L_1_Title_Page Numerical Methods], Stuart Dalziel [[University of Cambridge]] *[http://www.math.upenn.edu/~wilf/DeturckWilf.pdf Lectures on Numerical Analysis], Dennis Deturck and Herbert S. Wilf [[University of Pennsylvania]] *[http://www.ifh.uni-karlsruhe.de/people/fenton/LectureNotes/Numerical-Methods.pdf Numerical methods] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718110104/http://www.ifh.uni-karlsruhe.de/people/fenton/LectureNotes/Numerical-Methods.pdf |date=2011-07-18 }}, John D. Fenton [[University of Karlsruhe]] *[http://numericalmethods.eng.usf.edu/ Numerical Methods for Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060906070428/http://numericalmethods.eng.usf.edu/ |date=2006-09-06 }}, Autar Kaw [[University of South Florida]] *[http://math.fullerton.edu/mathews/numerical.html Numerical Analysis Project], John H. Mathews [[California State University, Fullerton]] *[http://www.math.jct.ac.il/~naiman/nm/ Numerical Methods - Online Course] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070428010420/http://math.jct.ac.il/~naiman/nm/ |date=2007-04-28 }}, Aaron Naiman [[Jerusalem College of Technology]] *[http://www-teaching.physics.ox.ac.uk/computing/NumericalMethods/NMfP.pdf Numerical Methods for Physicists], Anthony O’Hare [[Oxford University]] *[http://kr.cs.ait.ac.th/~radok/math/mat7/stepsa.htm#Numerical%20Analysis Lectures in Numerical Analysis] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120225082123/http://kr.cs.ait.ac.th/~radok/math/mat7/stepsa.htm#Numerical%20Analysis |date=2012-02-25 }}, R. Radok [[Mahidol University]] *[http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Mechanical-Engineering/2-993JSpring-2005/CourseHome/ Introduction to Numerical Analysis for Engineering], Henrik Schmidt [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]] {{DEFAULTSORT:Numerical Analysis}} [[Category:Mathematics]] dn81z3yoqx37u8n8vrf2crwdt09tnnw 0 23679 336402 257836 2026-07-05T11:00:19Z InternetArchiveBot 26740 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 336402 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Saint Vincent Ferrer, O.P.<!-- include middle initial, if not specified in birth_name --> | image = San Vincenzo Ferrer polyptych by Giovanni Bellini.jpg<!-- just the filename, without the File: or Image: prefix or enclosing [[brackets]] --> | alt = Vincent Ferrer | caption = Vincent Ferrer | birth_name = Vincent Ferrer | birth_date = {{Birth date|1350|1|23|df=y}} | birth_place = [[Valencia, Spain|Valencia]], Kingdom of Valencia | death_date = {{death date and age|1419|4|5|1350|1|23|df=y}} | death_place = Vannes, Duchy of Brittany | nationality = Valencian | other_names = | religion = Roman Catholic | occupation = Pastor, missionary, logician | known_for = Roman Catholic Saint }} '''Vincent Ferrer, Preachers ka Order''', (Valencian: Sant Vicent Ferrer, <small>Valencian pronunciation:</small> [ˈsam viˈsɛm feˈreɾ]) (23 January 1350 &ndash; 5 April 1419) Valencian Dominican friar rahaa jon ek barra missionary aur logician bana. Ii ko Roman Cathlic Church me sain mana gais.<ref>Reinhart, Albert (1913). "[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia_(1913)/St._Vincent_Ferrer St. Vincent Ferrer]". ''Catholic Encyclopedia''. New York: Robert Appleton Company</ref> == References == {{Reflist}} == Bahari jorr == *[http://www.catholicrevelations.com/category/saints/the-life-of-st-vincent-ferrer-saint-confessor-and-angel-of-the-last-judgment-of-the-catholic-church.html The Life and Miracles of St. Vincent Ferrer: The "Angel of the Apocalypse"] *Albert Reinhart, [[:s:Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/St. Vincent Ferrer|‘St. Vincent Ferrer’]] in '' The Catholic Encyclopedia'' (New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1912). *[http://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?saint_id=723 ‘St. Vincent Ferrer’] in ''Saints and Angels'' (Catholic Online). *[http://www.holavalencia.net/2009/04/20/weekend-celebrations-for-san-vicente-ferrer Celebrations for San Vicente Ferrer in Valencia, Spain] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140409062034/http://www.holavalencia.net/2009/04/20/weekend-celebrations-for-san-vicente-ferrer/ |date=2014-04-09 }} {{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. --> | NAME = Ferrer, Vincent | ALTERNATIVE NAMES = | SHORT DESCRIPTION = Valencian Dominican friar | DATE OF BIRTH = 23 January 1350 | PLACE OF BIRTH = [[Valencia, Spain|Valencia]], [[Kingdom of Valencia]] | DATE OF DEATH = 5 April 1419 | PLACE OF DEATH = [[Vannes]], [[Duchy of Brittany]] }} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ferrer, Vincent}} [[vibhag:1350 janam]] [[vibhag:1419 maut]] [[vibhag:Catalonia ke log]] [[vibhag:Valencia ke log]] dh91agaho76qzhkte4gdn6spcc6ru97 0 54447 336399 322915 2026-07-05T08:45:30Z InternetArchiveBot 26740 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 336399 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ratan Naval Tata''' (28 December 1937 - 9 Oct. 2024) ek [[India]]n businessman aur Tata Sons ke former chairman hae <ref>{{cite news | url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/Ratan-Tata-is-chairman-emeritus-of-Tata-Sonsss/articleshow/17671786.cms | work=The Times of India | title=Ratan Tata is chairman emeritus of Tata Sons | access-date=11 January 2016 | archive-date=11 February 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160211181424/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/Ratan-Tata-is-chairman-emeritus-of-Tata-Sonsss/articleshow/17671786.cms | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Masani|first1=Zareer|title=What makes the Tata empire tick?n;|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/analysis-and-features/what-makes-the-tata-empire-tick-10024897.html|access-date=30 April 2016|work=The Independent (UK)|date=5 February 2015|archive-date=1 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160601162559/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/analysis-and-features/what-makes-the-tata-empire-tick-10024897.html|url-status=live}}</ref> . 2000 me Padma Bhushan, joki India ke tisara sabase baraa civilian honour hae ke baad 2008 me ii Padma Vibhushan payaa rahaa, joki India ke dusara sabase barat civilian honour hae. {{Infobox Person | name = Ratan Naval Tata | image = | image_size = | caption = Ratan Tata 2011 me | birth_name = | birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1937|12|28}} | birth_place = [[Mumbai]], Bombay Presidency, British [[India]] | residence = | institution = | known_for = | education = Bachelor of Architecture | employer = | occupation = Industrialist | title =Chairman Emeritus, Tata Sons and [[Tata Group]] | salary = | networth = | religion = | spouse = | partner = | children = | parents =Naval Tata | relatives =Tata family | signature = | website = | footnotes = |citizenship=Indian|alma_mater=Cornell University|awards=Assam Baibhav (2021) Padma Vibhushan (2008) Maharashtra Bhushan (2006) Padma Bhushan (2000)|term=1991–2012 2016–2017|nationality=Indian|predecessor=J. R. D. Tata|successor=Cyrus Mistry (2012–2016) Natarajan Chandrasekaran (2017–present)}} ==References== <references/> ==Ii bhi dekho== * [[India]] ==Bahaari jorr== {{Commonscat|Ratan Naval Tata}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20081011093757/http://www.tata.com/aboutus/articles/inside.aspx?artid=uBZjT+%2FooH8%3D Ratan Naval Tata's chairman profile at Tata Group] * [https://www.theguardian.com/business/2008/mar/28/automotive.mergersandacquisitions?INTCMP=SRCH Profile] at ''[[The Guardian]]'' * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120809025540/http://www.charlierose.com/view/interview/12440 Interview on Charlie Rose] * [http://www.hbs.edu/businesshistory/emerging-markets/pages/profile-detail.aspx?profile=rntata Creating Emerging Markets Interview] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304044113/http://www.hbs.edu/businesshistory/emerging-markets/pages/profile-detail.aspx?profile=rntata |date=2016-03-04 }} at the [[Harvard Business School]] [[vibhag:India ke log]] [[vibhag:India ke businessperson]] [[vibhag:R]] [[vibhag:T]] dl2hg0g8zrb3fzfv46jppgwh396ndtn 0 55568 336393 336341 2026-07-04T19:36:24Z Suyash.dwivedi 15373 Infobox 336393 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox officeholder | image = Donald Trump official portrait.jpg | caption = Donald Trump | alt = | order = 45th & 47th<!-- DO NOT ADD A LINK. Please discuss any proposal on the talk page first. Most recent discussion at [[Talk:Donald Trump/Archive 65#Link-ifying "45th" in the Infobox?]] had a weak consensus to keep the status-quo (no link). --> | office = President of the United States | vice_president = [[JD Vance]] | term_start = January 20, 2025 | predecessor = [[Joe Biden]] | vice_president1 = [[Mike Pence]] | term_start1 = January 20, 2017 | term_end1 = January 20, 2021 | predecessor1 = [[Barack Obama]] | successor1 = Joe Biden | birth_name = Donald John Trump | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1946|6|14}} | birth_place = [[Queens]], New York City, U.S.<!-- DO NOT CHANGE (or add to) this location without prior consensus; see [[Talk:Donald Trump#C2|consensus 2]]. --> | party = [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] (1969&ndash;1978, 1987&ndash;1999, 2009&ndash;2011,<br>2012&ndash;present) | other_party = {{unbulleted list | [[Reform Party of the United States of America|Reform]] (1999&ndash;2001) | [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] (2001&ndash;2009) | [[Independent politician|Independent]] (2011&ndash;2012) }} <!-- DO NOT PIPE any of the following three links, per [[MOS:NOPIPE]]. -->| spouse = {{unbulleted list | {{marriage|[[Ivana Zelníčková]]|April 9, 1977|December 11, 1990|end=divorced}} | {{marriage|[[Marla Maples]]|December 20, 1993|June 8, 1999|end=divorced}} | {{marriage|[[Melania Knauss]]|January 22, 2005}} }} | children = {{hlist | [[Donald Jr.]] | [[Ivanka Trump|Ivanka]] | [[Eric Trump|Eric]] | [[Tiffany Trump|Tiffany]] | [[Barron Trump|Barron]] }} | parents = {{unbulleted list | [[Fred Trump]] | [[Mary Anne MacLeod]] }} | relatives = [[Trump family]] | education = [[University of Pennsylvania]] ([[Bachelor of Science|BS]]) | occupation = {{hlist | [[Political career of Donald Trump|Politician]] | [[Business career of Donald Trump|businessman]] | [[Media career of Donald Trump|media personality]] }} | signature = Trumpsignature2025.svg | signature_alt = Donald J. Trump stylized autograph, in ink | website = {{unbulleted list | {{URL|whitehouse.gov|White House website}} | {{URL|trumplibrary.gov|Presidential library}} | {{URL|trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov|White House archives (2017&ndash;2021)}} }} | module = {{listen voice | name = Trump <!-- [[MOS:SURNAME]] --> | filename = President Trump on the WHO's Declaration of COVID-19 as a Global Pandemic.wav | description = Trump on the [[World Health Organization]]'s declaration of [[COVID-19]] as a global pandemic | recorded = March 11, 2020 }} }} '''Donald Trump''' li [[United States|USA]] se Dhani Hotelier<ref>[[The Sting|Sting]] - Movie(Dail Lonnigan)</ref> aur pichle Rashtrapati [[United States|America]] ke (45th). Li Shri [[Joe Biden]] ke predecessor hai aur Pradhan Mantri hai Smt. [[Kamala Harris]]. Li ke samay [[Mike Pence]] USA ke pradhan mantri the. Li ke bhai [[Robert Trump]] ka dehant hua tha sann 2020 mein. Li ke umar 70s mein hai. Li [[New York City|New York]] aur dusre desh aur sher mein ek popular celebrity bhi hai. Li ko [[United Nations]] se sambodith kiya jata tha New York ke taluk se. Li ne shri [[Barack Obama]]<ref>[[Raja Krishnamoorthi]], [[Bobby Jindal]]</ref> ko preceed kiya tha aur Shri Joe Biden prashan mantri the. Li ek prolific person the media aur news mein. [[file:Flag of the United States.svg|thumb|USA ke jhanda]] Inke upar abhi bounty rakha gya hai genocide aur kai hathya aur rape ke karan. Kai hinudstani bache ke mauth bhi hue hai, dusre pradhan Joe Biden. Inke karan fraud cases bhi hue jate hai. Ink jail jaldi se jaldi bhej diya jaye. Robert ek bahut hi maftat ki gaye slave trader tha. inko kursi se nikaal diya gya hai aaj se. Li crime gangs se bhi hai. Rapist Jeffery Epstein se bhi taluk. Nobel Prize bhi nikal diya gya hai. li bhi dekho Sonny Barger. Shoot on sote order diya gya hai Donald ke upar. dunoya ke sabse bade kutte aur unka khandan. == Career == * Li ek TV show Apprentice<ref>[[Top Trumps]]</ref> bhi chalte the. * Ill globally economy band kar rahe the. * Ill ke pita ka naam Fred tha aur li ke samay military mein the. * Li ko [[Ronald Reagan]] pichle rashtrapati (USA) ke saath samanith kiya jata hai. Li ek prolific warist the [[Afghanistan]] mein.<ref>[[Mark T. Esper|'''''Mark T. Esper''''']](Fiji), [[Mike Pompeo]], ''[[Qaseem Soleimani]](dehant 2020)[[Madan L. Thelyani]]''</ref><ref>'''''[[Bill Clinton]] - Prolific Mind Sprinting([[Donal Wales]])''''' </ref> * Li comedy central roast ke liye bhi jane jate the. * Li kai functions duniya bhar attend karte the urbanization aur development par. * Li ke hotel aur ghar ke bhaar bhi bheed hua karta tha New York mein. * Li ke parivaar bhi hotelier aur urbanization se samanith hai. * Li ke hotel duniya bhar maujud hai. * Li ke samay Flying cars aur solar cars aur duniya ke mashoor lambey buildings aur kafi taraki hua tha duniya mein(covid par li ko kafi nuksaan hua tha, wars ke wajah se). == References == <references /> [[vibhag:T]] nkx8slhx2j34stmgac6ysmy39vs7ll6 336394 336393 2026-07-04T19:37:02Z Suyash.dwivedi 15373 added [[Category:United States ke president]] using [[Help:Gadget-HotCat|HotCat]] 336394 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox officeholder | image = Donald Trump official portrait.jpg | caption = Donald Trump | alt = | order = 45th & 47th<!-- DO NOT ADD A LINK. Please discuss any proposal on the talk page first. Most recent discussion at [[Talk:Donald Trump/Archive 65#Link-ifying "45th" in the Infobox?]] had a weak consensus to keep the status-quo (no link). --> | office = President of the United States | vice_president = [[JD Vance]] | term_start = January 20, 2025 | predecessor = [[Joe Biden]] | vice_president1 = [[Mike Pence]] | term_start1 = January 20, 2017 | term_end1 = January 20, 2021 | predecessor1 = [[Barack Obama]] | successor1 = Joe Biden | birth_name = Donald John Trump | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1946|6|14}} | birth_place = [[Queens]], New York City, U.S.<!-- DO NOT CHANGE (or add to) this location without prior consensus; see [[Talk:Donald Trump#C2|consensus 2]]. --> | party = [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] (1969&ndash;1978, 1987&ndash;1999, 2009&ndash;2011,<br>2012&ndash;present) | other_party = {{unbulleted list | [[Reform Party of the United States of America|Reform]] (1999&ndash;2001) | [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] (2001&ndash;2009) | [[Independent politician|Independent]] (2011&ndash;2012) }} <!-- DO NOT PIPE any of the following three links, per [[MOS:NOPIPE]]. -->| spouse = {{unbulleted list | {{marriage|[[Ivana Zelníčková]]|April 9, 1977|December 11, 1990|end=divorced}} | {{marriage|[[Marla Maples]]|December 20, 1993|June 8, 1999|end=divorced}} | {{marriage|[[Melania Knauss]]|January 22, 2005}} }} | children = {{hlist | [[Donald Jr.]] | [[Ivanka Trump|Ivanka]] | [[Eric Trump|Eric]] | [[Tiffany Trump|Tiffany]] | [[Barron Trump|Barron]] }} | parents = {{unbulleted list | [[Fred Trump]] | [[Mary Anne MacLeod]] }} | relatives = [[Trump family]] | education = [[University of Pennsylvania]] ([[Bachelor of Science|BS]]) | occupation = {{hlist | [[Political career of Donald Trump|Politician]] | [[Business career of Donald Trump|businessman]] | [[Media career of Donald Trump|media personality]] }} | signature = Trumpsignature2025.svg | signature_alt = Donald J. Trump stylized autograph, in ink | website = {{unbulleted list | {{URL|whitehouse.gov|White House website}} | {{URL|trumplibrary.gov|Presidential library}} | {{URL|trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov|White House archives (2017&ndash;2021)}} }} | module = {{listen voice | name = Trump <!-- [[MOS:SURNAME]] --> | filename = President Trump on the WHO's Declaration of COVID-19 as a Global Pandemic.wav | description = Trump on the [[World Health Organization]]'s declaration of [[COVID-19]] as a global pandemic | recorded = March 11, 2020 }} }} '''Donald Trump''' li [[United States|USA]] se Dhani Hotelier<ref>[[The Sting|Sting]] - Movie(Dail Lonnigan)</ref> aur pichle Rashtrapati [[United States|America]] ke (45th). Li Shri [[Joe Biden]] ke predecessor hai aur Pradhan Mantri hai Smt. [[Kamala Harris]]. Li ke samay [[Mike Pence]] USA ke pradhan mantri the. Li ke bhai [[Robert Trump]] ka dehant hua tha sann 2020 mein. Li ke umar 70s mein hai. Li [[New York City|New York]] aur dusre desh aur sher mein ek popular celebrity bhi hai. Li ko [[United Nations]] se sambodith kiya jata tha New York ke taluk se. Li ne shri [[Barack Obama]]<ref>[[Raja Krishnamoorthi]], [[Bobby Jindal]]</ref> ko preceed kiya tha aur Shri Joe Biden prashan mantri the. Li ek prolific person the media aur news mein. [[file:Flag of the United States.svg|thumb|USA ke jhanda]] Inke upar abhi bounty rakha gya hai genocide aur kai hathya aur rape ke karan. Kai hinudstani bache ke mauth bhi hue hai, dusre pradhan Joe Biden. Inke karan fraud cases bhi hue jate hai. Ink jail jaldi se jaldi bhej diya jaye. Robert ek bahut hi maftat ki gaye slave trader tha. inko kursi se nikaal diya gya hai aaj se. Li crime gangs se bhi hai. Rapist Jeffery Epstein se bhi taluk. Nobel Prize bhi nikal diya gya hai. li bhi dekho Sonny Barger. Shoot on sote order diya gya hai Donald ke upar. dunoya ke sabse bade kutte aur unka khandan. == Career == * Li ek TV show Apprentice<ref>[[Top Trumps]]</ref> bhi chalte the. * Ill globally economy band kar rahe the. * Ill ke pita ka naam Fred tha aur li ke samay military mein the. * Li ko [[Ronald Reagan]] pichle rashtrapati (USA) ke saath samanith kiya jata hai. Li ek prolific warist the [[Afghanistan]] mein.<ref>[[Mark T. Esper|'''''Mark T. Esper''''']](Fiji), [[Mike Pompeo]], ''[[Qaseem Soleimani]](dehant 2020)[[Madan L. Thelyani]]''</ref><ref>'''''[[Bill Clinton]] - Prolific Mind Sprinting([[Donal Wales]])''''' </ref> * Li comedy central roast ke liye bhi jane jate the. * Li kai functions duniya bhar attend karte the urbanization aur development par. * Li ke hotel aur ghar ke bhaar bhi bheed hua karta tha New York mein. * Li ke parivaar bhi hotelier aur urbanization se samanith hai. * Li ke hotel duniya bhar maujud hai. * Li ke samay Flying cars aur solar cars aur duniya ke mashoor lambey buildings aur kafi taraki hua tha duniya mein(covid par li ko kafi nuksaan hua tha, wars ke wajah se). == References == <references /> [[vibhag:T]] [[vibhag:United States ke president]] a1rfuo9f7ddlhpj3tnkzfu2w3tvjx7u 3 59820 336396 310709 2026-07-05T06:10:08Z Vladimir Solovjev 12402 Vladimir Solovjev moved panna [[sadasya ke baat:Dimar8650]] se [[sadasya ke baat:Богомерзъ]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/Dimar8650|Dimar8650]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/Богомерзъ|Богомерзъ]]" 310709 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Template:Welcome|realName=|name=Dimar8650}} -- [[sadasya:New user message|New user message]] ([[sadasya ke baat:New user message|talk]]) 16:55, 8 Mai 2024 (UTC) 72dj4gsvuubbh548u462swboktbsho3 0 65924 336395 331654 2026-07-05T02:22:34Z InternetArchiveBot 26740 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 336395 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dar''' ek chhota gaon baa jo ki [[Akhnoor]] tehsil, [[Jammu|Jammu district]] me, [[Jammu and Kashmir|Jammu aur Kashmir]] ke Union Territory, India me rahaa. [[Census of India 2011|2011 Census]] ke hisaab se, gaon me 35 parivar rahaa, aur kul abaadi 122 rahaa, jisme 66 purush aur 56 mahila rahaa.<ref name="census2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.census2011.co.in/data/village/725-dar-jammu-jammu-and-kashmir.html|title=Dar Village Population - Akhnoor - Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir|website=Census2011.co.in|access-date=16 September 2025}}</ref>{{Infobox settlement|name=Dar|settlement_type=Village in Kashmir|pushpin_map=|pushpin_label_position=right|pushpin_map_caption=Location in Jammu and Kashmir, India|subdivision_type=Desh|subdivision_name=India|subdivision_type1=Union Territory|subdivision_name1=Jammu aur Kashmir|subdivision_type2=District|subdivision_name2=Jammu|subdivision_type3=Tehsil|subdivision_name3=Akhnoor|unit_pref=Metric|area_total_km2=|population_total=122|population_as_of=2011|population_density_km2=auto|population_note=Census code 005557|demographics_type1=Bhasa|demographics1_title1=Official|demographics1_info1=[[Dogri language|Dogri]], [[Hindi]], [[English language|English]]|timezone1=IST|utc_offset1=+5:30|registration_plate=JK02}} == Geography == Dar gaon ke kul khetar 58.7 hectare (0.58 km²) baa. Gaon ke census code '''005557''' baa.<ref name="census">{{Cite web|url=https://www.census2011.co.in/data/village/725-dar-jammu-jammu-and-kashmir.html|title=Dar Village Population - Akhnoor - Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir|website=Census2011.co.in|access-date=16 September 2025}}</ref> Sab se najdik police station [[Akhnoor]] me baa.<ref>https://villageinfo.in/jammu-&-kashmir/jammu/akhnoor/dar.html{{Dead link|date=September 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == History == Dar gaon pehle ek raj gharana se jural rahaa, jiske naam [[House of Dar]] baa. Ee khandan Kashmiri Pandit Brahmin asal ke rahaa. Iske shuruaat {{circa|1650}} me Maharaja ''Vishnu Charan'' aur ''Indrani'' ''Manjari Dar'' se maan jala aur baad mein Maharaja [[Virendra Mohan Dar]].<ref>https://kauls.net/surnames/Dhar.htm</ref><ref>https://www.shehjar.com/blog/List-of-Kashmiri-Pandit-Surnames63{{Dead link|date=July 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Unke vansaj log Dar ilaqa me rahal jab tak Raja Mukunda Mohan Dar (baad me Dhar) janam na le (b. 1802). Uke beta Hara Mohan Dhar rahaa. Uke pota Dewan [[Mohini Mohan Dhar]], je Mayurbhanj Rajya me judge rahaa, baad me parivar ke Bengal disha me le gail.<ref>https://thevinayaksinghoberoi.wordpress.com/mohini-mohan-dhar/</ref> Mohini Mohan Dhar ke beta log me Barrister [[Dhirendra Mohan Dhar]]''',''' Esq'''.''' aur Satyendra Mohan Dhar''',''' C.I.E., I.C.S. rahaa. Ee dono log British India me kanooni aur prashasnik pad par rahaa. Baad me parivar ke surname "Dar" se badal ke "Dhar" ho gail, jab se uu log [[Bangladesh]], [[West Bengal]] aur [[Odisha]] me bas gail. == Population == 0–6 saal ke bachcha ke ginti 16 rahaa, jo ki kul abaadi ke 13.11% baa.<ref name="census" /> Dar ke sex ratio 848 baa, jo Jammu aur Kashmir ke state average 889 se kam baa. Child sex ratio 778 baa, jo state ke average 862 se bhi kam baa.<ref name="census" /><ref>https://vlist.in/village/005557.html</ref> Dar gaon ke literacy rate 86.79% baa, jo Jammu aur Kashmir state ke 67.16% se adhik baa. Purush literacy 89.47% aur mahila literacy 83.67% baa.<ref name="census" /><ref>https://censusofindia.net/jammu-and-kashmir/jammu/akhnoor/dar/5557</ref> == Government == Bharat ke samvidhan aur [[Panchayati Raj in India|Panchayati Raj Act]] ke hisaab se, Dar gaon ke Sarpanch duara sanchalit kara jala, jo gaon ke chuna gail pratinidhi baa.<ref name="census" /> == Amenities == 2011 census data ke hisaab se, gaon me school aur hospital ke bare me koi sarvajanik jaankari nai milaa.<ref>https://www.themapscompany.com/villages/jammu-and-kashmir/jammu/akhnoor/dar/</ref> == See Also == * [[Akhnoor]] * [[Jammu district]] * [[Kashmiri Pandit]] == References == {{Reflist}} * == External Links == * [https://www.census2011.co.in/data/village/725-dar-jammu-jammu-and-kashmir.html Census data - Dar gaon] [[Vibhag:D]] [[Vibhag:India ke gaon]] h6vs1ahnptwmjq4hwxeyv80rrowjs8g 3 69186 336397 2026-07-05T06:10:08Z Vladimir Solovjev 12402 Vladimir Solovjev moved panna [[sadasya ke baat:Dimar8650]] se [[sadasya ke baat:Богомерзъ]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/Dimar8650|Dimar8650]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/Богомерзъ|Богомерзъ]]" 336397 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[sadasya ke baat:Богомерзъ]] 6ud4pk7hw4rva8hk93s1t5ukdgch41a