Wikipedya htwiki https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paj_Prensipal MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.10 first-letter Medya Espesyal Diskite Itilizatè Diskisyon Itilizatè Wikipedya Diskisyon Wikipedya Fichye Diskisyon Fichye MedyaWiki Diskisyon MedyaWiki Modèl Diskisyon Modèl Èd Diskisyon Èd Kategori Diskisyon Kategori TimedText TimedText talk Module Discussion module Event Event talk 0 24375 882807 762214 2026-07-15T07:03:36Z 1104s72 38991 /* Istwa */ 882807 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ebòch}} {{kolektivite tèritoryal |non_lokal=Riverbank |koodone_lat= |koodone_lon= |drapo_imaj= |anblèm_imaj= |tip=vil |dat= |zòn_tip=Eta |zòn=[[Kalifòni]] |kapital_tip= |kapital_non=[[Washington]] |chèf_tit= |chèf_non=Stanislaus |sipèfisi_dat= |sipèfisi_ran= |sipèfisi_total= |dlo_pousantaj= |frontyè_tè= |frontyè_kòt= |rote_mwayen= |pli_ro_kote= |pli_ro= |pli_ba_kote= |pli_ba= |popilasyon_dat= |popilasyon_ran=1 |popilasyon_total= |popilasyon_dansite= |popilasyon_tip= |aktivite= |kat_anplasman= |kat_politik= |kat_jewografik= |kat_satelit= |divizyon_tip= |divizyon_non= |vwazen= |sitwèb= |kòd_tip=jewografik |kòd= |nòt= }} '''{{PAGENAME}}''' se yon vil [[Etazini]]. Li sitye nan leta [[Kalifòni]]. Chèf-lye li se Stanislaus. == Istwa == Nan ane 1850 yo, zòn Riverbank la te konnen kòm Burneyville. Majò James Burney, cherif Mariposa, te etabli Ferry Burneyville la sou Rivyè Stanislaus la nan plas pon modèn nan Riverbank. == referans == == Kèk lyen == [[kategori:vil nan Kalifòni]] [[Kategori:Vil nan Etazini]] [[kategori:jewografi]] <br /><br /> fnsalprmmzny4c6fo9lkv5ru2cl27pb 0 68947 882784 719065 2026-07-14T11:59:42Z InternetArchiveBot 25431 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 882784 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''L'Une et l'Autre''''' se yon [[Sinema franse|fim franse]] reyalize pa [[René Allio]] sòti an [[1967]]. == Rezime == Yon aktris, ki ap viv pou sèt ane avèk yon fotograf, ta renmen separe san yo pa kapab di. Li voye sè li, ki moun li admire pou endepandans li, anonse nouvèl la bay konpayon li. == Ekip teknik == * Tit : ''L'Une et l'Autre'' * Reyalizatè, senaryo ak dialòg : [[René Allio]] * Dekò : [[Jean-Jacques Fabre]] * Direktè fotografi : [[Jean Badal]] * Son : [[Bernard Ortion]] * Mizik : [[Serge Gainsbourg]] * Asistan reyalizatè : [[Nicolas Ribowski]] * Jan : [[Dram (sinema)|Dram]] * Peyi orijin : [[Frans]] * Dire : 90 minit * Sòti : ** [[Etazini]] : oktòb [[1967]] ** [[Frans]] : 15 novanm 1967 == Aktè == * [[Malka Ribowska]] : Anne * [[Marc Cassot]] : Julien * [[Philippe Noiret]] : André * [[Claude Dauphin (aktè)|Claude Dauphin]] : Serebriakov * [[Françoise Prévost (aktris)|Françoise Prévost]] : Simone * [[Christian Alers]] : Remoulin * [[Michel Robin]] == Referans == {{referans}} == Lyen deyò == * [https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0062420/ L'Une et l'Autre] sou IMDb * [https://web.archive.org/web/20190825122214/https://www.cinema-francais.fr/les_films/films_a/films_allio_rene/l_une_et_l_autre.htm L'Une et l'Autre] sou Cinéma Français.fr [[Kategori:1967]] [[Kategori:Sinema]] [[Kategori:Fim]] [[Kategori:Fim franse]] n8vhopnw4f463oadm1ek4l7v03c05i7 10 91363 882810 846215 2026-07-15T08:51:22Z Ziv 34706 ([[c:GR|GR]]) [[File:Flag of the Republic of Benin.svg]] → [[File:Flag of the Republic of Benin (1967).svg]] → The file was renamed on Commons, but the filename was not changed in the language versions because Delinker did not perform the task. ([[c:c:GR]]) 882810 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{1<noinclude>|country showdata</noinclude>}}} | alias = Nijerya | alt attribute = Drapo Nijerya | flag alias = Flag of Nigeria.svg | flag alias-colonial = Flag of Nigeria (1914–1952).svg | flag alias-naval = Naval Ensign of Nigeria.svg | link alias-naval = Marine nigériane | flag alias-air force = Air Force Ensign of Nigeria.svg | link alias-air force = Force aérienne nigériane | flag alias-1967 = Flag of the Republic of Benin (1967).svg | size = {{{size|}}} | name = {{{name|}}} | altlink = {{{altlink|}}} | variant = {{{variant|}}} <noinclude> | var1 = colonial | var2 = naval | var3 = 1967 | redir1 = NGR | redir2 = NGA | redir3 = Nigeria | related1 = Niger | cat = Country data Nigeria </noinclude> }} i26kg8t8a1bl0exkoxmizd934iq7fte 0 97631 882789 882564 2026-07-15T04:51:58Z Armadillo Jack 39795 882789 wikitext text/x-wiki   [[Fichye:TxSen2022District8.svg|vignette|'''Texas's 8th''' '''State Senate district''']] '''Distri 8 nan Sena Texas''' la se yon distri senatoryal ki kounye a sèvi tout konte Rains ak Hunt ak pòsyon nan Konte Collin nan eta Texas.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://wtaw.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/XGRmapSenateCourtesyTrentAshby.pdf|title=State Senate Districts PLANS2168|website=WTAW|access-date=25 July 2024}}</ref><ref>Uncontested primary elections are not shown.</ref> Eleksyon Texas, 2024: Distri Sena 8 [3] % Vòt Kandida Pati a ±% '''Repibliken Angela Paxton 269,743 59.36''' +1.67 Demokrat Rachel Mello 184,642 40.64 +1.19 Majorite 85,101 18.72 +0.48 Patisipasyon 454,385 Repibliken yo kenbe Swing == Referans == '''Gid pou vote nan Texas [https://www.votetexas.gov/ | VoteTexas.gov]''' '''https://www.vote411.org/texas cud9bcpdceeivgv1w1syuw0ge6g1h8y 0 97647 882793 882685 2026-07-15T05:45:21Z 1104s72 38991 882793 wikitext text/x-wiki  <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>'''''Tung Shing''''' ( Chinese 通勝 ), yo rele tou '''Kalandriye Jòn''' nan oubyen '''Kalandriye Imperial''' la, se yon gid divinasyon ak yon almanak Chinwa. Li konsiste prensipalman de yon [[Tung Shing]] ki baze sou tèm solè Chinwa yo olye de [[Kalandriye chinwa|kalandriye linè-solè Chinwa]] a. == Istwa == ''Tung Shing'' soti nan ''Wong Lik'' ({{Lang|zh-hant|黃曆}}, "Kalandriye Jòn nan"), ke lejann atribiye a Anperè Jòn nan. Li chanje fòm li plizyè fwa pandan ane yo pandan tout dinasti yo; yo di dènye vèsyon an te modifye anba [[dinasti Qing]] la epi yo te rele l '''''Tung Shu''''' ({{Lang|zh-hant|通書}} ). ''Tung'' ({{Lang|zh-hant|通}}) vle di "tout", ''Shu'' ({{Lang|zh-hant|書}}) vle di "liv", kidonk ''Tung Shu'' literalman vle di "Liv ki konnen tout bagay". Sepandan, nan Chinwa Kantonè ak Chinwa Mandarin, pwononsyasyon mo pou "liv" la se yon omofòn nan yon mo pou ''defèt'' ({{Lang|zh-hant|輸}}), kidonk ''Tung Shu'' te sonnen tankou "Defèt nan tout bagay" ({{Lang|zh-hant|通輸}}). Se poutèt sa, yo te chanje non an pou ''Tung Shing'' ({{Lang|zh-hant|通勝}}), ki vle di "Viktorye nan tout bagay". {{Sfn|Palmer|1986}} == Kontni == Pifò nan sa ki ekri nan liv la pale sou sa ki bon pou moun fè chak jou. Gen kèk fanmi Chinwa ki toujou swiv jou sa yo pou seremoni maryaj, lantèman, ak lòt bagay ankò. Anpil pratikan feng shui (fung shui) ak divinò k ap li desten sèvi ak Tung Shing lan tou pou konplete lòt metòd seleksyon dat. Yo itilize li pou chwazi jou ak lè pou gwo evènman enpòtan tankou maryaj, seremoni ouvèti ofisyèl, antre nan yon nouvo kay, ak siyati gwo kontra, ansanm ak ti evènman ki pi senp tankou lè pou kòmanse renovasyon oswa pou vwayaje. Itilizasyon ki pi komen pou Tung Shing se pou chwazi dat maryaj. Tung Shing lan gen enfòmasyon sou jou ki pote chans (bon chans) ak jou ki pote malè (move chans) pou maryaj oswa angajman. Anplis de sa, li bay lè ki pi bon pou moun reyalize aktivite sa yo. Tung Shing lan pèmèt moun konvèti lanne ak dat ant kalandriye lalin lan ak kalandriye solèy la (kalandriye komen an). Nan vèsyon ki pi detaye yo, kalandriye a bay lis eklipt (eklipt solèy ak eklipt lalin), dat chak sezon kòmanse, ak jou kote li pral fè frèt oswa cho. Li anseye prensip etik ak valè moral tou jeneralman atravè ti istwa. Vèsyon Tung Shing yo vann nan Hong Kong, Macau, ak Taiwan baze sou de vèsyon ki te fèt nan finisman dinasti Qing an. Liv sa a konnen tou pou definisyon an anglè li genyen ak pou mo li yo ki tradui nan karaktè kantonè == Galri == <gallery> Fichye:Tōngshèng_通勝_cover.jpg|alt=Cover of a version of 通勝 Tung Shing from year 2010| Kouvri yon vèsyon nan{{Lang|zh-hant|通勝}}Tung Shing depi ane 2010 Fichye:HK_WC_灣仔_Wan_Chai_莊士敦道_Johnston_Road_shop_執笠倉_Cheap_Lab_Store_通勝_Tung_Sheng_October_2021_SS2.jpg|alt=Tung Shing sold at a market| Tung Shing vann nan yon mache Fichye:HK_WCD_香港會展_HKCEC_WCN_灣仔北_Wan_Chai_North_香港書展_Hong_Kong_Book_Fair_July_2021_S64_81.jpg|alt=Covers depicting, from left: wealth, family, longevity| Kouvèti ki montre, soti agoch apati de: richès, fanmi, lonjevite Fichye:HKHM_沙田_Shatin_香港文化博物館_HK_Heritage_Museum_兒童探知館_Children's_Discovery_Gallery_永經堂印刷集團_Wing_King_Tong_Printing_蔡伯勵_Choi_Park_Lai_通勝_Tung_Sheng_June_2022_Px3_09.jpg|alt=Spring Cow Chart (春牛图) and lunar week| Spring Cow Chart (春牛图) ak semèn linè Fichye:HKHM_沙田_Shatin_香港文化博物館_HK_Heritage_Museum_兒童探知館_Children's_Discovery_Gallery_永經堂印刷集團_Wing_King_Tong_Printing_蔡伯勵_Choi_Park_Lai_通勝_Tung_Sheng_June_2022_Px3_10.jpg|alt=Feng shui and agricultural forecast| Feng shui ak previzyon agrikòl Fichye:HKHM_沙田_Shatin_香港文化博物館_HK_Heritage_Museum_兒童探知館_Children's_Discovery_Gallery_永經堂印刷集團_Wing_King_Tong_Printing_蔡伯勵_Choi_Park_Lai_通勝_Tung_Sheng_June_2022_Px3_05.jpg|alt=Heaven Official's Blessing (天官賜福) chart| Tablo benediksyon ofisyèl syèl la (天官賜福). </gallery> == Lòt espesyalite == * Entèprete sò yon moun * Mezire pwa nanm yon moun (mande Kat Pilye Destine ) * Tablo lekti figi ak lekti pla men * "Pandan plizyè syèk, yo te konnen T'ung Shu kòm Almanak Kiltivatè yo, epi pifò nan enfòmasyon pratik li yo te konsène move tan, rekòt, simen, rekòlte ak sou sa." {{Sfn|Palmer|1986}} == Gade tou == * Astwoloji Chinwa * ''Da Liu Ren'' (大六壬) * Fuji (ekriti planchèt) * Fulu * Divinasyon I Ching * Lingqijing * Kau Cim * ''Qi Men Dun Jia'' (奇門遁甲) * ''Chante Shaobing'' * Tai Sui * ''Tai Yi Shen Shu'' (太乙神數) * Tangki * ''Tui bei tu'' * Wen Wang Gua == Referans == {{Referans}} *   * {{Cite web|url=https://www.angelfire.com/magic/tungshing/main.htm|script-title=zh:中國語文及文化科報告主頁 ─ 什麼是通勝?|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070124225557/http://www.angelfire.com/magic/tungshing/main.htm|archive-date=January 24, 2007}} * {{Cite web|url=http://www.absolutelyfengshui.com/others/tong-sing-tung-shu.php|title=The Chinese Almanac (a.k.a. Tong Sing)|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090906050945/http://www.absolutelyfengshui.com/others/tong-sing-tung-shu.php|archive-date=September 6, 2009}} Includes list of chapters == lòt lyen ekstèn == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110626141350/http://www.shkp.com/en-US/Pages/tung-shing Tung shing sou entènèt] {{Nan lang|zh}} * [http://www.singaporegrooms.com/auspicious-wedding-dates-2010/ Lis dat maryaj favorab nan Tung Shu 2010 la] * [http://www.librarything.com/work/188394 ''T'ung Shu'' 1986] nan Library Thing * [[openlibrary:b/OL3022295M/T'ung_shu__the_ancient_Chinese_almanac|''T'ung Shu'' 1986]] nan Open Library * [[openlibrary:b/OL7858802M/T'Ung_Shu_Almanac_2001|''T'ung Shu'' 2001]] nan Open Library * [https://tongshu.com ''Tong Shu sou entènèt''] an Anglè oq5vvqm6dz9m9q3tgrkf1fq80vanmrx 882794 882793 2026-07-15T05:46:08Z 1104s72 38991 882794 wikitext text/x-wiki  <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>'''''Tung Shing''''' ( Chinese 通勝 ), yo rele tou '''Kalandriye Jòn''' nan oubyen '''Kalandriye Imperial''' la, se yon gid divinasyon ak yon almanak Chinwa. Li konsiste prensipalman de yon [[Almanak chinwa ]] ki baze sou tèm solè Chinwa yo olye de [[Kalandriye chinwa|kalandriye linè-solè Chinwa]] a. == Istwa == ''Tung Shing'' soti nan ''Wong Lik'' ({{Lang|zh-hant|黃曆}}, "Kalandriye Jòn nan"), ke lejann atribiye a Anperè Jòn nan. Li chanje fòm li plizyè fwa pandan ane yo pandan tout dinasti yo; yo di dènye vèsyon an te modifye anba [[dinasti Qing]] la epi yo te rele l '''''Tung Shu''''' ({{Lang|zh-hant|通書}} ). ''Tung'' ({{Lang|zh-hant|通}}) vle di "tout", ''Shu'' ({{Lang|zh-hant|書}}) vle di "liv", kidonk ''Tung Shu'' literalman vle di "Liv ki konnen tout bagay". Sepandan, nan Chinwa Kantonè ak Chinwa Mandarin, pwononsyasyon mo pou "liv" la se yon omofòn nan yon mo pou ''defèt'' ({{Lang|zh-hant|輸}}), kidonk ''Tung Shu'' te sonnen tankou "Defèt nan tout bagay" ({{Lang|zh-hant|通輸}}). Se poutèt sa, yo te chanje non an pou ''Tung Shing'' ({{Lang|zh-hant|通勝}}), ki vle di "Viktorye nan tout bagay". {{Sfn|Palmer|1986}} == Kontni == Pifò nan sa ki ekri nan liv la pale sou sa ki bon pou moun fè chak jou. Gen kèk fanmi Chinwa ki toujou swiv jou sa yo pou seremoni maryaj, lantèman, ak lòt bagay ankò. Anpil pratikan feng shui (fung shui) ak divinò k ap li desten sèvi ak Tung Shing lan tou pou konplete lòt metòd seleksyon dat. Yo itilize li pou chwazi jou ak lè pou gwo evènman enpòtan tankou maryaj, seremoni ouvèti ofisyèl, antre nan yon nouvo kay, ak siyati gwo kontra, ansanm ak ti evènman ki pi senp tankou lè pou kòmanse renovasyon oswa pou vwayaje. Itilizasyon ki pi komen pou Tung Shing se pou chwazi dat maryaj. Tung Shing lan gen enfòmasyon sou jou ki pote chans (bon chans) ak jou ki pote malè (move chans) pou maryaj oswa angajman. Anplis de sa, li bay lè ki pi bon pou moun reyalize aktivite sa yo. Tung Shing lan pèmèt moun konvèti lanne ak dat ant kalandriye lalin lan ak kalandriye solèy la (kalandriye komen an). Nan vèsyon ki pi detaye yo, kalandriye a bay lis eklipt (eklipt solèy ak eklipt lalin), dat chak sezon kòmanse, ak jou kote li pral fè frèt oswa cho. Li anseye prensip etik ak valè moral tou jeneralman atravè ti istwa. Vèsyon Tung Shing yo vann nan Hong Kong, Macau, ak Taiwan baze sou de vèsyon ki te fèt nan finisman dinasti Qing an. Liv sa a konnen tou pou definisyon an anglè li genyen ak pou mo li yo ki tradui nan karaktè kantonè == Galri == <gallery> Fichye:Tōngshèng_通勝_cover.jpg|alt=Cover of a version of 通勝 Tung Shing from year 2010| Kouvri yon vèsyon nan{{Lang|zh-hant|通勝}}Tung Shing depi ane 2010 Fichye:HK_WC_灣仔_Wan_Chai_莊士敦道_Johnston_Road_shop_執笠倉_Cheap_Lab_Store_通勝_Tung_Sheng_October_2021_SS2.jpg|alt=Tung Shing sold at a market| Tung Shing vann nan yon mache Fichye:HK_WCD_香港會展_HKCEC_WCN_灣仔北_Wan_Chai_North_香港書展_Hong_Kong_Book_Fair_July_2021_S64_81.jpg|alt=Covers depicting, from left: wealth, family, longevity| Kouvèti ki montre, soti agoch apati de: richès, fanmi, lonjevite Fichye:HKHM_沙田_Shatin_香港文化博物館_HK_Heritage_Museum_兒童探知館_Children's_Discovery_Gallery_永經堂印刷集團_Wing_King_Tong_Printing_蔡伯勵_Choi_Park_Lai_通勝_Tung_Sheng_June_2022_Px3_09.jpg|alt=Spring Cow Chart (春牛图) and lunar week| Spring Cow Chart (春牛图) ak semèn linè Fichye:HKHM_沙田_Shatin_香港文化博物館_HK_Heritage_Museum_兒童探知館_Children's_Discovery_Gallery_永經堂印刷集團_Wing_King_Tong_Printing_蔡伯勵_Choi_Park_Lai_通勝_Tung_Sheng_June_2022_Px3_10.jpg|alt=Feng shui and agricultural forecast| Feng shui ak previzyon agrikòl Fichye:HKHM_沙田_Shatin_香港文化博物館_HK_Heritage_Museum_兒童探知館_Children's_Discovery_Gallery_永經堂印刷集團_Wing_King_Tong_Printing_蔡伯勵_Choi_Park_Lai_通勝_Tung_Sheng_June_2022_Px3_05.jpg|alt=Heaven Official's Blessing (天官賜福) chart| Tablo benediksyon ofisyèl syèl la (天官賜福). </gallery> == Lòt espesyalite == * Entèprete sò yon moun * Mezire pwa nanm yon moun (mande Kat Pilye Destine ) * Tablo lekti figi ak lekti pla men * "Pandan plizyè syèk, yo te konnen T'ung Shu kòm Almanak Kiltivatè yo, epi pifò nan enfòmasyon pratik li yo te konsène move tan, rekòt, simen, rekòlte ak sou sa." {{Sfn|Palmer|1986}} == Gade tou == * Astwoloji Chinwa * ''Da Liu Ren'' (大六壬) * Fuji (ekriti planchèt) * Fulu * Divinasyon I Ching * Lingqijing * Kau Cim * ''Qi Men Dun Jia'' (奇門遁甲) * ''Chante Shaobing'' * Tai Sui * ''Tai Yi Shen Shu'' (太乙神數) * Tangki * ''Tui bei tu'' * Wen Wang Gua == Referans == {{Referans}} *   * {{Cite web|url=https://www.angelfire.com/magic/tungshing/main.htm|script-title=zh:中國語文及文化科報告主頁 ─ 什麼是通勝?|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070124225557/http://www.angelfire.com/magic/tungshing/main.htm|archive-date=January 24, 2007}} * {{Cite web|url=http://www.absolutelyfengshui.com/others/tong-sing-tung-shu.php|title=The Chinese Almanac (a.k.a. Tong Sing)|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090906050945/http://www.absolutelyfengshui.com/others/tong-sing-tung-shu.php|archive-date=September 6, 2009}} Includes list of chapters == lòt lyen ekstèn == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110626141350/http://www.shkp.com/en-US/Pages/tung-shing Tung shing sou entènèt] {{Nan lang|zh}} * [http://www.singaporegrooms.com/auspicious-wedding-dates-2010/ Lis dat maryaj favorab nan Tung Shu 2010 la] * [http://www.librarything.com/work/188394 ''T'ung Shu'' 1986] nan Library Thing * [[openlibrary:b/OL3022295M/T'ung_shu__the_ancient_Chinese_almanac|''T'ung Shu'' 1986]] nan Open Library * [[openlibrary:b/OL7858802M/T'Ung_Shu_Almanac_2001|''T'ung Shu'' 2001]] nan Open Library * [https://tongshu.com ''Tong Shu sou entènèt''] an Anglè r2e839kmik58r3gjp701193safegzvp 0 97649 882788 882689 2026-07-15T02:32:51Z InternetArchiveBot 25431 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 882788 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox ib-settlement vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" |<div class="fn org">Maoming</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native" lang="zh">茂名市</div><div class="nickname ib-settlement-other-name">Mowming</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" |<div class="category">[[Prefecture-level city]]</div> |- class="mergedtoprow" | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<templatestyles src="Multiple image/styles.css" wrapper=".tmulti"></templatestyles><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="multiimageinner" style="width:282px;max-width:282px;border:none"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:280px;max-width:280px"><div style="border:1;;height:157px;overflow:hidden">[[Fichye:茂名市.jpg|278x278px]]</div><div>Skyline of Maoming</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:147px;max-width:147px"><div style="border:1;;height:96px;overflow:hidden">[[Fichye:约为2008年夏天的茂名.jpg|145x145px]]</div><div>Maoming International Hotel</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:131px;max-width:131px"><div style="border:1;;height:96px;overflow:hidden">[[Fichye:茂名市摩天轮.jpg|129x129px]]</div><div>Maoming Ferris Wheel</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:147px;max-width:147px"><div style="border:1;;height:96px;overflow:hidden">[[Fichye:晏镜岭.jpg|145x145px]]</div><div>Yan Jingling Mountain</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:131px;max-width:131px"><div style="border:1;;height:96px;overflow:hidden">[[Fichye:茂名市露天矿生态公园.jpg|129x129px]]</div><div>Open-Pit Mine Ecological Park</div></div></div></div></div> |- class="mergedtoprow" | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |Nickname:&nbsp;<div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">南方油城</span></span> (Oil City of the South)</div> |- class="mergedrow" | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |[[Fichye:Guangdong_subdivisions_-_Maoming.svg|250x250px|Location of Maoming City jurisdiction in Guangdong]]<div class="ib-settlement-caption">Location of Maoming City jurisdiction in Guangdong</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<mapframe zoom="7" align="center" frameless="1" height="200" width="250">[ {"properties":{"title":"Maoming","fill-opacity":0.1,"stroke":"#FF0000","stroke-width":2,"fill":"#606060"},"type":"ExternalData","service":"geoshape","ids":"Q38927"}, {"properties":{"stroke-width":2,"stroke":"#FF0000","title":"Maoming"},"type":"ExternalData","service":"geoline","ids":"Q38927"} ]</mapframe><div class="infobox-caption">Interactive map of Maoming</div> |- class="mergedtoprow" | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<templatestyles src="Module:Location map/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px">[[Fichye:China_edcp_location_map.svg|classe=notpageimage noviewer|250x250px|Maoming is located in China]]<div class="od notheme" style="top:90.001%;left:63.422%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px">[[Fichye:Red_pog.svg|lien=|classe=notpageimage noviewer|6x6px|Maoming]]</div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Maoming</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location in China</div></div></div></div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |Coordinates&#x20;(Maoming municipal government): <templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles><span class="geo-inline"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion">[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Maoming&params=21.6627_N_110.9255_E_type:adm2nd_region:CN-44_source:Gaode <span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">21°39′46″N</span> <span class="longitude">110°55′32″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xFEFF; / &#xFEFF;</span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">21.6627°N 110.9255°E</span><span style="display:none">&#xFEFF; / <span class="geo">21.6627; 110.9255</span></span></span>]</span></span><indicator name="coordinates"><span id="coordinates">[[Geographic coordinate system|Coordinates]]: {{#parsoid�fragment:11}}<span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion">[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Maoming&params=21.6627_N_110.9255_E_type:adm2nd_region:CN-44_source:Gaode <span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">21°39′46″N</span> <span class="longitude">110°55′32″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xfeff; / &#xfeff;</span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">21.6627°N 110.9255°E</span><span style="display:none">&#xfeff; / <span class="geo">21.6627; 110.9255</span></span></span>]</span>[[Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas]]</span></indicator> |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Country | class="infobox-data" |People's Republic of China |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Province | class="infobox-data" |Guangdong |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Municipal seat | class="infobox-data" |Maonan District |- class="mergedtoprow" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div> |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |&nbsp;•&nbsp;CPC Committee Secretary | class="infobox-data" |Liang Yimin |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |&nbsp;•&nbsp;Mayor | class="infobox-data" |Li Hongjun (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">李红军</span></span>) |- class="mergedtoprow" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div> |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="white-space:nowrap;">&nbsp;•&nbsp;Prefecture-level city</div> | class="infobox-data" |11,424.8&nbsp;km² (4,411.1&nbsp;sq&nbsp;mi) |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |&nbsp;•&nbsp;Urban<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div> | class="infobox-data" |2,714&nbsp;km² (1,048&nbsp;sq&nbsp;mi) |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |&nbsp;•&nbsp;Metro<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div> | class="infobox-data" |2,714&nbsp;km² (1,048&nbsp;sq&nbsp;mi) |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div> | class="infobox-data" |29&nbsp;m (95&nbsp;ft) |- class="mergedtoprow" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap">&nbsp;</span>(2020 census)</div> |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="white-space:nowrap;">&nbsp;•&nbsp;Prefecture-level city</div> | class="infobox-data" |6,174,050 |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |&nbsp;•&nbsp;Density | class="infobox-data" |540.408/km² (1,399.65/sq&nbsp;mi) |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |&nbsp;•&nbsp;Urban<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div> | class="infobox-data" |2,539,148 |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |&nbsp;•&nbsp;Urban&nbsp;density | class="infobox-data" |935.6/km² (2,423/sq&nbsp;mi) |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |&nbsp;•&nbsp;Metro<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div> | class="infobox-data" |2,539,148 |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |&nbsp;•&nbsp;Metro&nbsp;density | class="infobox-data" |935.6/km² (2,423/sq&nbsp;mi) |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |&nbsp;•&nbsp;Major Nationalities<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div> | class="infobox-data" |Han |- class="mergedtoprow" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |GDP<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div> |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |&nbsp;•&nbsp;Prefecture-level city | class="infobox-data" |CN¥ 370 billion<br /><br />US$ 57.3 billion |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |&nbsp;•&nbsp;Per capita | class="infobox-data" |CN¥ 59,648<br /><br />US$ 9,246 |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Time zone | class="infobox-data" |UTC+8 (China Standard) |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Postal code | class="infobox-data adr" |<div class="postal-code">525000 (Urban center)<br /><br />525100-525400 (Other areas)</div> |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Area code | class="infobox-data" |668 |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |ISO 3166 code | class="infobox-data nickname" |CN-GD-09 |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |License Plate Prefix | class="infobox-data" |<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-CN">粤K</span></span> |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |County-level divisions | class="infobox-data" |6 |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Coastline | class="infobox-data" |220&nbsp;km (140&nbsp;mi) |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Website | class="infobox-data" |<span class="url">[https://web.archive.org/web/20181222112105/http://www.maoming.gov.cn/ www.maoming.gov.cn]</span> |} <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>'''Maoming''', ke yo rele tou '''Mowming''', [ a ] (Maoming Yue: [[Alfabè Fonetik Entènasyonal|[mɐu ²² mɪŋ ²¹ <nowiki>]</nowiki>]] <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://jyutdict.org/|title=泛粵大典|website=jyutdict.org|access-date=2025-03-16}}</ref> ) se yon vil ki nan nivo prefekti ki sitiye nan sidwès pwovens Guangdong, nan Lachin. Vil la fè fas ak lanmè Sid Lachin nan sid, Maoming gen fontyè ak Zhanjiang nan lwès, Yangjiang nan lès, ak Yunfu nan nòdès, epi li mezire 362 kilometers (225 mi) soti nan kapital pwovens lan, Guangzhou, ak 121 kilometers (75 mi) soti nan Zhanjiang . Pò Maoming lan se yon pò Klas I ki te manyen 16.8 milyon tòn kago an 2007. Lwil rafine ak pwodui akwatik yo se prensipal pwodui ekspòtasyon vil la. Destinasyon prensipal ekspòtasyon yo enkli [[Hong Kong]], [[Makawo|Macao]] ak peyi manm ASEAN yo. Dapre resansman 2020 an, Maoming te gen yon popilasyon 6,174,050 moun, 2,539,148 ladan yo ap viv nan zòn bati a (oswa metwopolitèn), ki gen ladan 2 distri iben ( ''Maonan ak Dianbai'' ) ki an gran pati konibè. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/china/guangdong/admin/|title=China: Guăngdōng (Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map}}</ref> To nesans vil la se 11.04‰, epi [[Pwodui enteryè bri|PIB]] li (2012) te 195.118 milya RMB (31.81 milya dola ameriken), yon ogmantasyon 10.6% parapò ak ane anvan an. <ref name="mm_statistic_2012">{{Cite web|url=http://tjj.maoming.gov.cn/tjgb/tjgb_mm_2012.html|title=Maoming Economic and Social Development Report|publisher=Bureau of Statistics of Maoming}}</ref> Selon sous gouvènman an, PIB Maoming te klase 7yèm pami 21 vil Guangdong yo, epi li te klase 79yèm pami 656 vil Lachin yo an 2012. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://bbs.southcn.com/thread-548930-1-1.html|title=SOUTHCN, Chinese City GDP Ranking 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720140109/http://bbs.southcn.com/thread-548930-1-1.html|archive-date=20 July 2011|access-date=16 April 2010}}</ref> == Etimoloji == Vil la te rele apre {{Lien|Pan Maoming|zh|潘茂名}} yon espesyalis ak doktè Taoist nan dinasti Jin. (290 &#x2013; 371), ki te fèt nan Gaozhou . Yo te chanje non zòn lokal la pa yon dekrè enperyal an lonè Pan nan lane 598 AD pandan dinasti Sui a. == Istwa == Pandan premye devlopman sivilizasyon Chinwa a nan vale Rivyè Wei ak Jòn yo ak atravè Plèn Nò Lachin nan, zòn ki antoure Maoming lan te anba men Baiyue yo. Apre Qin yo te anvayi peyi a nan fen 3yèm syèk la{{Espas}}Anvan Jezikri, zòn nan te divize an Nanhai, Xiang, ak Guilin. {{Nowrap|'''Maoming County'''}} te etabli c. 600 anba Sui a. Nan mwa septanm 1950, Konte Maoming te afilye ak Rejyon Administratif Gaolei a. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://guangdong.chinadaily.com.cn/maoming/2021-11/22/c_450596.htm|title=Maoming, city with time-honored history|website=guangdong.chinadaily.com.cn|access-date=2024-10-11}}</ref> Anba [[Dinasti Qing|Qing]] la, li te fè pati Prefekti Gaozhou . Apre Gè Sivil Chinwa a, Maoming te vin kominote prensipal nan zòn nan epi li te vin vil nan nivo konte an 1959. An 2014, vil la te sant manifestasyon popilè kont p-Xylene, yon pwodui chimik ki baze sou benzèn ke endistri lokal la t ap pwodui. <ref name="luoma" /> Depi 18yèm Kongrè Pati a ak monte sekretè jeneral Pati a, [[Xi Jinping]], Maoming te youn nan zòn ki "pi afekte" nan kanpay anti-koripsyon an. Li te wè kòm yon vil kote achte ak vann pozisyon ofisyèl te gaye toupatou. Ankèt otorite enspeksyon santral yo te fè an 2014 la te jwenn ke anviwon 159 ofisyèl lokal te pran divès fòm lajan anba tab. Ansyen Sekretè Pati Kominis Maoming lan, Zhou Zhenhong, te kondane a lanmò ak yon ranbousman dezan pou koripsyon an relasyon ak eskandal p-Xylene nan. De lòt ansyen sekretè pati, Liang Yimin ak Luo Yinguo, te revoke nan pòs yo epi yo te kondane a prizon, respektivman. == Demografi == Prefekti a gen ladan l yon gwo kantite gwoup minorite, tankou Yao, Zhuang, ak Miao, sa ki ba li divès aktivite kiltirèl ak atizay popilè. Moun ki nan sid Maoming yo pale yon dyalèk Min ke imigran Putianese yo te pote ki gen rapò ak dyalèk Leizhou a, alòske moun ki nan nò Maoming yo pale dyalèk Gaoyang nan kantonè, ansanm ak Mandarin . Anplis de sa, yon sèten pousantaj nan pèp Maoming yo pale dyalèk Hakka tou. == Administrasyon == Vil Maoming ki nan nivo prefekti a administre 5 divizyon nan nivo konte, ki gen ladan 2 distri ak 3 vil nan nivo konte . {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;" ! colspan="6" |Kat jeyografik |- | colspan="6" |<div class="center" style="position: relative">{{Image label begin|image=Administrative Division Maoming.png|width=534|link=}} {{Image label|x=680|y=1450|scale=534/1780|text=[[Maonan District|'''Maonan''']]}} {{Image label|x=1100|y=1480|scale=534/1780|text=[[Dianbai District|'''Dianbai''']]}} {{Image label|x=800|y=990|scale=534/1780|text=[[Gaozhou|'''Gaozhou<br>{{small|(city)}}''']]}} {{Image label|x=220|y=1230|scale=534/1780|text=[[Huazhou, Guangdong|'''Huazhou<br />{{small|(city)}}''']]}} {{Image label|x=980|y=400|scale=534/1780|text=[[Xinyi, Guangdong|'''Xinyi<br />{{small|(city)}}''']]}} {{Image label end}}<div style="position:absolute; left:324px; top:436px"><nowiki><b>Dianbai</b></nowiki><div style="position:absolute; left:234px; top:289px"><nowiki><b>Gaozhou<br></nowiki><nowiki><br></nowiki><nowiki><br></nowiki><nowiki><br></nowiki><nowiki><span style="font-size: 85%;">(city)</span></nowiki><nowiki></b></nowiki><div style="position:absolute; left:60px; top:361px"><nowiki><b>Huazhou<br></nowiki><nowiki><br></nowiki><nowiki><br></nowiki><nowiki><br></nowiki><nowiki><span style="font-size: 85%;">(city)</span></nowiki><nowiki></b></nowiki><div style="position:absolute; left:288px; top:112px"><nowiki><b>Xinyi<br></nowiki><nowiki><br></nowiki><nowiki><br></nowiki><nowiki><br></nowiki><nowiki><span style="font-size: 85%;">(city)</span></nowiki><nowiki></b></nowiki></div></div></div></div></div> |- ! Non ! Chinwa senplifye ! Hanyu Pinyin ! Popilasyon<br /><br /><br /><br /> {{Nowrap|(2010 census)}} ! Zòn<br /><br /><br /><br /> ( ^km2 ) ! Dansite<br /><br /><br /><br /> (/ ^km² ) |- | Distri Maonan |{{Lang|zh-hans|茂南区}} |Màonán Qū | 820,934 | 507 | 1,619.2 |- | Distri Dianbai |{{Lang|zh-hans|电白区}} |Diànbái Qū | 1,615,505 | 2,227 | 725.4 |- | Huazhou |{{Lang|zh|化州市}} |Huàzhōu Shì | 1,178,873 | 2,354 | 500.8 |- | Xinyi |{{Lang|zh|信宜市}} |Xìnyí Shì | 913,717 | 3,081 | 296.6 |- | Gaozhou |{{Lang|zh|高州市}} |Gāozhōu Shì | 1,288,724 | 3,276 | 393.4 |} * Distri Maogang ki disparèt la == Jewografi == Sitiye nan zòn kotyè sidwès Guangdong, Maoming gen anba jiridiksyon li Distri Maonan, Distri Maogang, Konte Dianbai. Vil la administre pi piti vil Xinyi, Gaozhou, ak Huazhou nan nivo konte. Kòt Maoming lan gen 128.1 kilomèt longè. Estasyon "Premye Ban Lachin" an gen 25 kilometers (16 mi) soti nan sant vil Maoming. == Klima == {{Weather box|width=auto|metric first=y|single line=y|collapsed=Y|location=Maoming, elevation {{convert|34|m|ft|abbr=on}}, (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–present)|Jan high C=21.1|Feb high C=22.5|Mar high C=24.5|Apr high C=27.8|May high C=31.3|Jun high C=32.5|Jul high C=33.0|Aug high C=32.8|Sep high C=32.2|Oct high C=30.3|Nov high C=27.1|Dec high C=22.8|Jan mean C=15.8|Feb mean C=17.8|Mar mean C=20.5|Apr mean C=23.8|May mean C=27.0|Jun mean C=28.3|Jul mean C=28.6|Aug mean C=28.2|Sep mean C=27.4|Oct mean C=25.1|Nov mean C=21.7|Dec mean C=17.2|Jan low C=12.4|Feb low C=14.9|Mar low C=17.8|Apr low C=21.2|May low C=24.2|Jun low C=25.5|Jul low C=25.7|Aug low C=25.3|Sep low C=24.3|Oct low C=21.4|Nov low C=17.9|Dec low C=13.4|Jan record high C=28.9|Jan record low C=4.3|Feb record high C=31.5|Feb record low C=4.0|Mar record high C=32.5|Mar record low C=4.9|Apr record high C=34.3|Apr record low C=11.2|May record high C=38.4|May record low C=16.1|Jun record high C=37.5|Jun record low C=18.9|Jul record high C=36.9|Jul record low C=22.1|Aug record high C=37.3|Aug record low C=22.3|Sep record high C=36.8|Sep record low C=17.3|Oct record high C=34.4|Oct record low C=13.7|Nov record high C=33.5|Nov record low C=6.1|Dec record high C=29.8|Dec record low C=3.5|year high C=|year low C=|year high F=|year low F=|precipitation colour=green|Jan precipitation mm=43.3|Feb precipitation mm=39.5|Mar precipitation mm=60.4|Apr precipitation mm=141.2|May precipitation mm=214.3|Jun precipitation mm=299.8|Jul precipitation mm=308|Aug precipitation mm=302.4|Sep precipitation mm=201.2|Oct precipitation mm=71.6|Nov precipitation mm=33.1|Dec precipitation mm=37.1|Jan humidity=76|Feb humidity=80|Mar humidity=83|Apr humidity=84|May humidity=84|Jun humidity=85|Jul humidity=83|Aug humidity=84|Sep humidity=81|Oct humidity=74|Nov humidity=73|Dec humidity=72|unit precipitation days=0.1 mm|Jan precipitation days=6.5|Feb precipitation days=8.0|Mar precipitation days=10.2|Apr precipitation days=11.7|May precipitation days=15.7|Jun precipitation days=17.7|Jul precipitation days=17.4|Aug precipitation days=19.1|Sep precipitation days=14.2|Oct precipitation days=6.1|Nov precipitation days=5.2|Dec precipitation days=5.2|year precipitation days=|Jan sun=116.2|Feb sun=86.8|Mar sun=73.6|Apr sun=99.3|May sun=156.5|Jun sun=160.6|Jul sun=195.2|Aug sun=183.4|Sep sun=176.6|Oct sun=197.3|Nov sun=165.2|Dec sun=143.5|year sun=|Jan percentsun=34|Feb percentsun=27|Mar percentsun=20|Apr percentsun=26|May percentsun=38|Jun percentsun=40|Jul percentsun=47|Aug percentsun=46|Sep percentsun=49|Oct percentsun=55|Nov percentsun=50|Dec percentsun=43|year percentsun=|source 1=[[China Meteorological Administration]]<ref name="cma graphical">{{cite web |url=http://data.cma.cn/data/weatherBk.html |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data |publisher=[[China Meteorological Administration]] |language = zh-hans |access-date=28 May 2023}}</ref><ref> {{cite web|url=https://experience.arcgis.com/template/e724038fda394e9d9b7921f10fd1aa55/page/%E7%BA%AF%E8%A1%A8%E6%A0%BC%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1-(%E5%AF%B9%E6%AF%948110%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96)/?org=UQmaps |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网|publisher=[[China Meteorological Administration]] |language = zh-hans | access-date =28 May 2023 |title=Experience Template }}</ref>|source=}} == Ekonomi == Yo te rele Maoming youn nan "100 pi gwo vil devlope nan Lachin" ak "Vil Jaden Nasyonal la". Maoming se youn nan pi gwo zòn pwodiksyon petwochimik nan Sid Lachin, epi youn nan pi gwo zòn pwodiksyon fwi. Lòt gwo endistri yo enkli kilti ak pwosesis tilapia, pwodiksyon legim plante nan sezon ivè, ak lòt pwodiksyon endistriyèl enèji, materyèl, ak pwodui chimik lou. '''Gwo endikatè ekonomik yo (2012)''' <ref name="mm_statistic_2012"/> '''PIB:''' 195.118 milya RMB (31.81 milyon dola ameriken), 10.6% an plis '''Konpozisyon PIB:''' * Endistri Prensipal (Agrikilti) 19.1% * Endistri Segondè (Endistri ak Konstriksyon) 37.2% * Endistri Tèsyè (Sèvis) 43,7% '''PIB pa abitan:''' RMB 33,537 (US$5467.93), 8.9% an plis '''To chomaj:''' 2.5% '''Envestisman nan byen fiks:''' 18.01 milya RMB (2,64 milya USD), 23.5% an plis '''Envestisman dirèk etranje yo te itilize:''' 31 milyon dola ameriken, yon bès 44.2% '''Total Enpòtasyon ak Ekspòtasyon:''' 673 milyon dola ameriken, 9.1% mwens '''Ekspòtasyon:''' 532 milyon dola ameriken, 7.4% an plis '''Enpòtasyon:''' 141 milyon dola ameriken, 42.5% mwens '''Lavant byen konsomatè yo:''' 60.1 milya RMB (8.8 milya dola ameriken), yon ogmantasyon de 20.3% === Pwoblèm anviwònman yo === Nan mwa mas 2014, moun nan lokalite a te òganize yon manifestasyon kont pwodiksyon paraksilèn, yon pwodui chimik yo itilize pou fè twal ak boutèy plastik nan yon izin ki dirije pa gouvènman lokal la ak Sinopec, yon konpayi leta ki se pi gwo rafineri Lachin nan. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-protests-petrochemicals-idUSBREA2U0KS20140331|title=Hundreds protest chemical plant in southern China|last=Rajagopalan, Megha|date=31 March 2014|publisher=[[Reuters]]|access-date=31 March 2014}}</ref> == Transpò == === Otowout === Ou ka rive Maoming pa gran wout Maozhan an, ki konekte ak gran wout Kaiyang ak gran wout Fokai, ki mennen nan kapital pwovens lan, Guangzhou . Guangzhou se yon vwayaj 5 - 6 èdtan soti Maoming. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.chinatrainguide.com/guangzhou-railway-station/maoming.html|title=Guangzhou to Maoming Train Schedule and Ticket Prices|access-date=2026-07-12|archive-date=2017-10-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171018103818/http://www.chinatrainguide.com/guangzhou-railway-station/maoming.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref> === Chemennfè === Maoming desèvi pa chemennfè Guangzhou-Maoming lan, ki ale nan lès rive nan kapital pwovens lan, chemennfè Hechun-Maoming lan, ki ale nan lwès rive nan chemennfè Litang-Zhanjiang lan, ak chemennfè Luoyang-Zhanjiang lan, ki ale nan nò atravè lès Guangxi ak sant Hunan rive nan plèn santral Lachin nan. == Atraksyon touristik yo == vil Maoming gen anndan l gwo Zòn Vakans ki pote non Premye Plaj nan peyi Lachin (中国第一滩), Lil放鸡 (Chicken Island) nan pwovens Guangdong, ak Zòn Ekotouristik Tianmashan (天马山). Nou jwenn tou Tanp Madan Xian (冼太庙) nan zòn Gaozhou, ansanm ak Zòn Touris Kiltirèl [[Litchi]] nan Genzi. Zòn Vakans Premye Plaj nan peyi Lachin sitye nan yon distans 25 kilomèt (16 mil) ak sant vil Maoming, nan distrik Maogang. Avèk plizyè mil plaj sab fen ki pwoteje pa yon baryè pyebwa natirèl, touris yo ka pwofite fè parachit ak planch a vwal. Sit sa a se yon sant fòmasyon nasyonal tou pou volebòl plaj (beach volleyball), epi li konn resevwa gwo konpetisyon nasyonal kou entènasyonal. zile poul la se pi gwo lil nan Maoming, ki kouvri yon sipèfisi 1.9 kilomèt kare. Sit touris sa a se yon gwo sant plonje, ki gen yon dlo lanmè ki klè kou kristal epi ki pwòp anpil. Li selèb pou gwo resif koray li yo ak pou plonje anba dlo (scuba diving) pou amizman. Moun ka fè plonje ak tib respiratò (skin diving), plonje byen fon, ak plonje pou fè eksplorasyon tou. Tanp Madan Xian te bati nan lanne 1535 pou onore memwa Madan Xian, ki te yon fanm vanyan ki te dirije Tribi Baiyue a. Tanp sa a rich anpil anndan l ak objè kiltirèl ak istorik, tankou estati ansyen, eskilti, ak gwo lèt ki grave nan wòch. Maoming se yon zòn ki popilè anpil pou gwo pwodiksyon fwi litchi. Zòn Touris Kiltirèl Litchi nan Genzi twouve l nan Genzi, ki se yon ti bouk nan vil Maoming. Pami manje tradisyonèl ak espesyalite lokal ki pi popilè nan Maoming, nou jwenn Poul Baiqie ki soti Huazhou (白切鸡), Poul ak Sèl ki soti Gaozhou (盐焗鸡), Fenpi (粉皮), Nouy diri ak vyann bèf ki soti Genzi, ak Poul Huaixiang ki soti Xinyi. Sant vil Maoming se yon bèl kote ki konfòtab pou moun mache apye, sa ki pèmèt ou flannen fasil nan boutik yo. Nan lannwit, gen yon gwo pak nan sant vil la ki plen aktivite kote koup ak fanmi yo vin pwonmennen pou yo pran frechè. Moun ka rive Maoming fasil depi nan vil Guangzhou (sa ap pran anviwon katrèdtan nan tren oswa nan yon otobis premye klas). Gen de gwo stasyon tren k ap sèvi Maoming: yonn ki nan mitan vil la k ap bay koneksyon pou ale Guangzhou ak lòt zòn ki nan nò, epi yon lòt ki sitye kèk minit nan sid vil la k ap fè koneksyon pou ale nan direksyon sid ak lwès. == Moun remakab == * Jiang, Mao Shen (江茂森), ki te fèt an 1901, epi ki te mouri an 1982. Istoryen, epitou yon manm ansyen nan Pati Nasyonalis Chinwa a (KMT). * Wong Sun (黃新): li te fèt an 1926, epi li te mouri an Novanm 1999, Wong te yon aktè gason nan konpayi televizyon Hong Kong (TVB) * Chiu, Miu Ling (招妙玲), Hong Kong aktris, li gen yon tinon: gwo fanm son (大聲婆), Chiu te mouri alantou 2013. * Cheng, Siu Ping (鄭少萍): Aktris Hong Kong, Cheng te imigre Ozetazini nan ane 1990 yo. == Nòt == {{Nòt}} [[Kategori:Pages avec des traductions non relues]] m8eu0tztvblvzksop335w1n5jjqt6p1 0 97663 882811 882715 2026-07-15T09:56:41Z InternetArchiveBot 25431 Rescuing 7 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 882811 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fichye:Daily_prayers_Nitnem_Gutka_Sikhism.jpg|vignette|209x209px|Yon Nitnem tipik "Gutka", oubyen yon liv priyè Sikh, trè komen nan anpil kay Sikh.]]  <templatestyles src="Module:Sidebar/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css"></templatestyles>'''''Nitnem''''' ( Punjabi ਨਿਤਨੇਮ) se yon koleksyon imn Sikh ( ''[[Gurbani]]'' ) pou li omwen 3 fwa diferan nan jounen an. Yo obligatwa epi chak Sikh [[Khalsa|Amritdhari]] dwe li yo jan sa endike nan Sikh Rehat Maryada a (Kòd Konduit Sikh ofisyèl la ki sèvi kòm "liv règ" definitif pou Sikh Amritdhari yo). Opsyonèlman, ou ka ajoute lòt priyè nan ''nitnem'' yon Sikh. Gen twa imn ki ofisyèlman egzije pa Sikh Rehat Maryada a pou yo resite nan [[Amrit Velā|Amrit Vela]] (byen bonè nan maten ant 2è ak 6è dimaten), byenke yo souvan resite de lòt ansanm ak sa yo, pou fòme 5 Baania yo (5 imn). <ref name="The Encyclopedia of Sikhism" /> Imn ''[[Rehras|Rehras Sahib]]'' la obligatwa tou nan aswè a, ki te swiv pa ''Kirtan Sohila'' nan mitan lannwit. Priyè maten ak aswè yo ta dwe swiv pa yon ''[[Ardās|Ardaas]]'' . == Senk ''Banis'' == [[Panj Pyare|Panj Piare]] a mande Sikh inisye a pandan seremoni Amrit Sanchar pou resite 5 '''bani''' sa yo ( Punjabi ਪੰਜ ਬਾਣੀਆਂ ) kòm yon angajman anvè [[Guru Sikh yo|Sikh Gurus yo]] ak [[Waheguru|Waheguru yo]] . Yo resite ''banis'' yo chak jou tou, kòmanse byen bonè nan maten ( [[Amrit Velā|Amrit Vela]] ). Sepandan, avèk letan, "senk banis" yo vin gen diferan siyifikasyon pou diferan gwoup Sikh yo. Ofisyèlman, 5 Baani yo se Japji Sahib, Jaap Sahib, ak Tav Prasad Savaiya (nan maten), Rehraas Sahib (nan aswè), ak Kirtan Sohila (anvan dòmi). Se definisyon sa a Sikh Rehat Maryada bay. Sepandan, kèk ti gwoup oswa kèk branch minoritè nan relijyon Sikh la ki pa rekonèt otorite Sikh Rehat Maryada fè konnen "5 Baani" yo se senk kantik yo resite pandan seremoni Amrit Sanchar la. Dapre yo, senk kantik sa yo dwe resite chak maten pandan Amrit Vela, anplis Rehras Sahib nan aswè ak Kirtan Sohila anvan dòmi. Dapre definisyon gwoup sa yo, sa yo rele "5 Baani" a mennen moun resite 7 kantik chak jou, olye de senk, paske yo ajoute Rehras Sahib ak Kirtan Sohila sou senk kantik maten yo. == Priyè pou maten yo == * Japji Sahib * [[Jaap Sahib]] * Tav-Prasad Savaiye * Chaupai Sahib * Anand Sahib Selon Kòd Konduit Sikh la, Sikh yo sèlman oblije resite Japji Sahib, [[Jaap Sahib]], ak Dis Sawayya yo nan maten. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://old.sgpc.net/rehat_maryada/section_one.html|title=Sikh Reht Maryada, the Definition of Sikh, Sikh Conduct & Conventions, Sikh Religion Living, India|access-date=2026-07-13|archive-date=2024-01-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240106033711/https://old.sgpc.net/rehat_maryada/section_one.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://old.sgpc.net/rehat_maryada/section_six.html|title=Sikh Reht Maryada, the Definition of Sikh, Sikh Conduct & Conventions, Sikh Religion Living, India|access-date=2026-07-13|archive-date=2022-12-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221209103321/https://old.sgpc.net/rehat_maryada/section_six.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Anpil Sikh, tankou moun ki swiv fòm vi sèk tankou Damdami Taksal ak AKJ, kwè ke Chaupai Sahib ak Anand Sahib obligatwa tou nan priyè maten yo. Pafwa yo rele sa Senk Banis yo. Yo resite priyè sa yo ant 2è ak 6è nan maten. Yo oblije swiv priyè maten sa yo ak [[Ardās|Ardas]] yo. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thesikhencyclopedia.com/philosophy-spirituality-and-ethics/moral-codes-and-sikh-practices/nitnem/|title=NITNEM|date=2000-12-19|website=The Sikh Encyclopedia|language=en-US|access-date=2021-12-28}}</ref> <ref name="old.sgpc.net">{{Cite web|url=https://old.sgpc.net/rehat_maryada/section_one.html|title=Sikh Reht Maryada, the Definition of Sikh, Sikh Conduct & Conventions, Sikh Religion Living, India|access-date=2026-07-13|archive-date=2024-01-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240106033711/https://old.sgpc.net/rehat_maryada/section_one.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Sepandan, pifò Sikh (menm majorite Amritdhari ki swiv Sikh Rehat Maryada a) ap toujou resite Chaupai Sahib ak Anand Sahib kòm yon pati nan priyè maten yo, malgre yo konnen yo pa oblije fè sa. Sa a se paske byenke kantite minimòm priyè maten pou resite nan Amrit Vela se 3, resitasyon plis im ak ekriti Sikh (Gurbani) toujou akeyi ak ankouraje pou tout Sikh. Se poutèt sa, majorite Sikh Amritdhari atravè lemond resite yon total de 7 priyè chak jou, idantik ak sèk ki egzije pratik sa a, tankou AKJ ak Damdami Taksal - sepandan, sa a se estrikteman soti nan dezi pèsonèl pou resite plis im, pa akòz obligasyon. == Priyè pou lajounen == Senk Bani kapab refere tou a Japji Sahib, [[Jaap Sahib]], ak Dis Sawayya yo nan maten, ansanm ak [[Rehras|Rehras Sahib]] ak Kirtan Sohila nan aswè, ki se senk priyè minimòm pou nenpòt amritdhari [[Khalsa]] Sikh resite chak jou, dapre Kòd Konduit Sikh la. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://old.sgpc.net/rehat_maryada/section_one.html|title=Sikh Reht Maryada, the Definition of Sikh, Sikh Conduct & Conventions, Sikh Religion Living, India|access-date=2026-07-13|archive-date=2024-01-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240106033711/https://old.sgpc.net/rehat_maryada/section_one.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://old.sgpc.net/rehat_maryada/section_six.html|title=Sikh Reht Maryada, the Definition of Sikh, Sikh Conduct & Conventions, Sikh Religion Living, India|access-date=2026-07-13|archive-date=2022-12-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221209103321/https://old.sgpc.net/rehat_maryada/section_six.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref> == Priyè pou aswè a == * [[Rehras|Rehras Sahib]] * [[Ardās|Ardas]] Yo resite priyè sa a apre solèy kouche epi li pran anviwon 8 a 12 minit pou resite. Priyè aswè sa a dwe swiv pa [[Ardās|Ardas]] la. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://old.sgpc.net/rehat_maryada/section_one.html|title=Sikh Reht Maryada, the Definition of Sikh, Sikh Conduct & Conventions, Sikh Religion Living, India|access-date=2026-07-13|archive-date=2024-01-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240106033711/https://old.sgpc.net/rehat_maryada/section_one.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://old.sgpc.net/rehat_maryada/section_six.html|title=Sikh Reht Maryada, the Definition of Sikh, Sikh Conduct & Conventions, Sikh Religion Living, India|access-date=2026-07-13|archive-date=2022-12-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221209103321/https://old.sgpc.net/rehat_maryada/section_six.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref> == Priyè pou lannwit == * Kirtan Sohila Sahib an kèk tradisyon Sikh, yo konn resite tou '''Rakhya De Shabad''' (kantik sou pwoteksyon Bondye) anvan '''Kirtan Sohila''', espesyalman nan kèk liyaj '''Taksal''' ak '''Nihang'''. Shabad sa yo se vèsè chwazi nan '''Guru Granth Sahib''' ak '''Dasam Granth'''ki eksprime konfyans nan pwoteksyon '''Waheguru''' epi ki mande lapè espirityèl ak mantal anvan moun al dòmi. Menmsi pratik sa a pa fèt nan tout kominote Sikh yo, anpil moun konsidere li kòm yon fason pou prepare lespri a pou yon dòmi trankil epi ranfòse santiman ke pwoteksyon Bondye ap akonpaye yo pandan tout lannuit. Lapriyè sa a resite anvan moun al dòmi epi li pran anviwon 5 rive 12 minnit pou resite. Lapriyè lannuit sa a pa oblije swiv pa '''[[Ardās|Ardas]]'''. == Lòt priyè == Tipikman, yo li Nitnem nan yon ''gutka'' (liv priyè Sikh) oswa ''yon pothi'' (liv rektangilè ki pi laj), kote fòm prensipal yo se Panj Granthi (5 ekriti prensipal ki soti nan Guru Granth Sahib) ak Das Granthi (ekriti prensipal ki soti nan Dasam Granth). Sundar Gutka a (yon gutka ki pi gwo ki gen yon melanj plizyè konpozisyon, literèlman Bèl Gutka) se yon bagay komen tou nan kay Sikh yo. * Sukhmani Sahib * Asa di Vaar * Aarti * Sidh Gosti * Uggardanti * Shabad Hazare Patshahi 10 == Gade tou == * [[Guru Granth Sahib]] * Panj Granthi * Sukhmani Sahib * [[Amrit Velā|Amrit Vela]] * [[Meditasyon]] * Simran * Dasam Granth {{Referans}} gfbabkdpowq0mbxjup6z7afmjtjvfa7 0 97674 882786 882741 2026-07-14T22:23:57Z InternetArchiveBot 25431 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 882786 wikitext text/x-wiki Sa ki anba a se yon lis moun ki te konvèti pou antre nan [[Sikhi]] (relijyon Sikh la). Relijyon Sikhi te parèt nan 15yèm syèk nan Sid Azi. Premye Sikh yo te soti nan orijin [[Endouyis|Endou]] ak [[Islamis|Mizilman]] nan rejyon [[Punjab]] la. Apre 20yèm syèk la, kwasans dyaspora Sikh la te ede relijyon Sikh la gaye nan plizyè lòt pati nan mond lan, sa ki te pèmèt plis moun adopte lafwa sa a. An jeneral, pandan peryòd ki te swiv nan Lend 16yèm syèk la, yo te obsève ke plis pase yon tyè popilasyon Sikh la te ranfòse anpil grasa patisipasyon manm kominote [[Jat]] la, akòz fason ideyalis ak ansèyman espirityèl disip Guru Angad yo te pwopaje. == 15yèm syèk == * [[Bhai Mardana]] - Rubabi konvèti soti nan Islam nan Sikhi. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.webindia123.com/news/ar_showdetails.asp?id=702050232&cat=&n_date=20070205|title=Pak delegation arrives to celebrate Bhai Mardana's 550 bith anniv - News - Webindia123.com|website=news.webindia123.com|access-date=2019-08-04}}</ref> * [[Bhai Bala]] - zanmi anfans ak konpayon Bhai Mardana ak [[Guru Nanak]] konvèti soti nan Hindusim nan Sikhi. == 17yèm syèk == * [[Bhai Dayala]] - te akonpaye [[Guru Tegh Bahadur]] nan mati nan Delhi . * [[Bhai Mati Das]] - te akonpaye [[Guru Tegh Bahadur]] nan mati nan Delhi. * [[Bhai Sati Das]] - te akonpaye [[Guru Tegh Bahadur]] nan mati nan Delhi. == 18yèm syèk la == * [[Banda Singh Bahadur]] - Li te fèt nan yon fanmi Endou kòm Lachman Dev (pita Madho Das Bairagi), apre li fin rankontre ak [[Guru Gobind Singh]] li te vin yon vanyan sòlda Sikh pou Lame [[Khalsa]] . == 19yèm syèk la == [[Fichye:Colonel_Alexander_Gardner,.jpg|vignette|Kolonèl Alexander Gardner, sòlda Sikh ameriken nan lame Maharaja Ranjit Singh la]] * [[Alexander Gardner]] – Sòlda Sikh Ameriken nan lame Maharaja Ranjit Singh la . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.spectator.co.uk/article/ripping-yarns/|title=Ripping yarns|last=Dalrymple|first=William|date=2017-05-11|website=The Spectator|language=en-US|access-date=2023-07-31}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0924kwx|title=BBC Radio 4 - Great Lives, Sathnam Sanghera on Alexander Gardner|website=BBC|language=en-GB|access-date=2023-07-31}}</ref> * [[Maharaja Duleep Singh]] – Li te fèt nan yon fanmi Sikh, men li te konvèti nan Krisyanis Anglikan kòm yon moun ki te anba pwoteksyon leta Britanik la. Li te retounen kòm yon Sikh an 1864. * [[Max Arthur Macauliffe]] (1841–1913) – administratè ansyen nan Raj Britanik la ki te plase nan Punjab; entelektyèl ak otè prolific. Yo te reprimande l kòm "li te vin tounen yon Sikh" epi li te mouri ap resite priyè Japji Sahib la an 1913. <ref name="sikhchic">{{Cite web|url=http://sikhchic.com/article-detail.php?id=207&cat=18|title=sikhchic.com &#124; The Art and Culture of the Diaspora &#124; Max Arthur Macauliffe - He Introduced Sikhi to the English-Speaking West|publisher=sikhchic.com|access-date=2015-01-03}}</ref> <ref name="nuigalway">{{Cite web|url=http://www.nuigalway.ie/english/tadhg_foley.html|title=National University of Ireland|publisher=nuigalway.ie|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120207082413/http://www.nuigalway.ie/english/tadhg_foley.html|archive-date=2012-02-07|access-date=2015-01-03}}</ref> == 20yèm syèk la == * [[Bhagat Puran Singh]] (1904–1992) – yon gwo vizyonè; yon anviwonmantalist ki te akonpli anpil; fondatè "All India Pingalwara Charitable Society"; anba gwo enfliyans ansèyman [[Guru Granth Sahib|Sri Guru Granth Sahib]] yo, li te konvèti nan relijyon Sikhi. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://pingalwara.ca/bhagat-puran-singh/|title=Bhagat Puran Singh|website=Pingalwara|quote=He was born and brought up in a Hindu family of village Rajewal (Rahnon) in Ludhiana district}}</ref> * [[Sahib Singh]] – yon akademik Sikh renome ki te fè yon kontribisyon ekstraòdinè nan literati Sikh. * Mèt [[Tara Singh]] – yon lidè politik ak relijye Sikh enpòtan nan premye mwatye 20yèm syèk la [[Fichye:Master_Tara_Singh-Tarn_Taaran._March_1956.jpg|vignette|Mèt Tara Singh, yon lidè Sikh enpòtan pandan Endepandans Endyen an ak Mouvman Akali a]] * [[Teja Singh]] – manm aktif nan mouvman Singh Sabha a * [[Muhammad Sadiq]] – Chantè ak aktè mizik folklorik Punjabi ki vin politisyen. Kounye a li sèvi kòm Manm Palman an, Lok Sabha nan Faridkot, Punjab == 21yèm syèk la == * [[Babaji Singh]] – yo rekonèt li te tradui [[Guru Granth Sahib]] la, ekriti santral Sikh la, an panyòl. <ref name="worldsikhnews">{{Cite web|url=http://worldsikhnews.com/29%20October%202008/Guru%20Granth%20Sahib%20now%20in%20Spanish.htm|title=WSN-Tercentenary of Guruship to Guru Granth Sahib-Guru Granth Sahib now in Spanish|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100104081915/http://worldsikhnews.com/29%20October%202008/Guru%20Granth%20Sahib%20now%20in%20Spanish.htm|archive-date=2010-01-04|access-date=2015-01-03}}</ref> <ref name="tribuneindia">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2008/20081027/main8.htm|title=The Tribune, Chandigarh, India - Main News|publisher=tribuneindia.com|access-date=2015-01-03}}</ref> * [[Martin Singh]] – famasyen ak biznisman nan Nova Scotia epi kandida pou lidèchip Nouvo Pati Demokratik Kanada a an 2012. * [[Ryan Hurst]] – aktè ameriken, li pratike Sikhi anba [[3HO|tradisyon 3HO a]] kòm Gobind Seva Singh. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thethings.com/ryan-hurst-sons-of-anarchy-facts/|title=10 Things You Didn't Know About Ryan Hurst on Sons of Anarchy|date=16 September 2020|website=TheThings}}</ref> * [[Vic Briggs]] – mizisyen blues britanik, li chanje non li pou Vikram Singh Khalsa; li vin premye moun ki pa soti nan yon sous-kontinantal ki fè kirtan nan [[Tanp an lò a|Harmandir Sahib]] * [[Gurmukh Kaur Khalsa]] – Pwofesè Yoga; ko-fondatè ak direktè Golden Bridge Yoga Center nan [[Los Angeles, Kalifòni|Los Angeles]], Kalifòni <ref name="totallyzen">{{Cite web|url=http://www.totallyzen.com/gurmukh-kaur-khalsa-moving-from-karma-to-dharma.html|title=Gurmukh Kaur Khalsa, Moving from Karma to Dharma &#124; Totally Zen|publisher=totallyzen.com|access-date=2015-01-03}}</ref> <ref name="mrsikhnet">{{Cite web|url=http://www.mrsikhnet.com/2007/05/09/gurmukh-kaur-in-vanity-fair-magazine/|title=Gurmukh Kaur in Vanity Fair Magazine &#124; MrSikhNet|publisher=mrsikhnet.com|access-date=2015-01-03|archive-date=2015-01-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150104001423/http://www.mrsikhnet.com/2007/05/09/gurmukh-kaur-in-vanity-fair-magazine/|dead-url=yes}}</ref> * [[Vikram Kaur Khalsa]] – Ansyen modèl ak aktris, li te jwe nan plizyè fim laterè <ref name="yogatech">{{Cite web|url=http://www.yogatech.com/bios/elandrak.html|title=Yoga Technology - Kundalini Yoga Online Superstore|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031210084501/http://www.yogatech.com/bios/elandrak.html|archive-date=2003-12-10|access-date=2015-01-03}}</ref> <ref name="glamourgirlsofthesilverscreen">{{Cite web|url=http://www.glamourgirlsofthesilverscreen.com/show/611/Kirsten+Lindholm/index.html|title=Kirsten Lindholm - The Private Life and Times of Kirsten Lindholm. Kirsten Lindholm Pictures.|publisher=glamourgirlsofthesilverscreen.com|access-date=2015-01-03}}</ref> * [[Tyler Atkins]] – Ke yo rele tou Tera Singh, se yon reyalizatè ak aktè Ostralyen. Li pi byen koni dènyèman pou pwodiksyon li te fini sou premye fim li a, ''Bosch & Rockit'', ke li te ekri, reyalize, epi pwodui. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/entertainment/sydney-confidential/tyler-atkins-takes-his-sikh-faith-to-hollywood-in-search-of-his-big-break/news-story/a5947f0d8b71e519d2e1b97dc6372d46|title=Tyler Atkins takes his Sikh faith to Hollywood in search of his big break|access-date=2023-07-31}}</ref> == Gade tou == * [[Jat Sikh]] * [[Maharaja Ranjit Singh]] * [[Lis moun ki konvèti nan Boudis]] * [[Lis moun ki konvèti nan Islam]] * [[Lis moun ki konvèti nan Endouyis]] * [[Lis moun ki konvèti nan lafwa Baha'i a]] * [[Lis moun pa kwayans]] == Referans == {{Referans|30em}} 0jyicmokg8bzy00kicoksrw2qo3w99f 0 97683 882785 2026-07-14T20:59:53Z 1104s72 38991 Li kreye pa tradui paj « [[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1362451241|Battle of Pipli Sahib]] » 882785 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Batay Pipli Sahib''' la, ke yo rele tou '''Batay Amritsar''', te mennen ant Sikh Misls yo ak Anpi Durrani a. Pou vanje defèt yo te sibi nan tan pase, Sikh yo te reyini epi yo te antre nan konfli ak Afgan yo. Apre yo te rasanble nan Amritsar, Ahmad Shah te mennen lame li pou l al fè fas ak Sikh yo. Batay la te kòmanse ak yon atak Sikh yo, pandan yon eklips solèy t ap fèt. Batay la te fini lannwit, lè tou de bò yo te retire pou yo tounen nan kan pa yo. Pandan sa, Ahmad Shah te retire pou ale Lahore, epi lè li te retounen, li te jwenn Sikh yo te deja retire pou antre nan forè Lakhi a. Istoryen yo ap espekile sou otantisite batay la, epi rezilta a se menm jan konplike. == Istorik == Apre batay Kup la, Sikh yo te deside tire revanj pou moun ki mouri yo epi vanje defèt yo. {{Sfn|Gupta|1939}} Ahmad Shah Abdali te retounen Lahore. Li te voye yon anbasadè pou negosye lapè ak lidè Sikh yo epi anpeche plis pèt ken li, yon bagay Sikh yo te vrèman vle fè. Sepandan, lè anbasadè sa a te rive nan kan Sikh yo, Sikh yo te piye li menm ak disip li yo epi yo te chase yo. Abdali, ki te vin an kòlè, te rive byen vit nan katye Amritsar yo . == Batey == Sik yo te rasanble nan Amritsar pou selebre Diwali ki te 17 oktòb ane sa a. Sik yo te atake Afgan yo avèk fòs. {{Sfn|Gupta|1939}} Batay la te fèt anba yon [[Eklips solèy|eklips solè]] total. {{Sfn|Singh|2004}} Batay la te kontinye avèk raj depi byen bonè nan maten rive byen ta nan mitan lannwit. {{Sfn|Gupta|1939}} Tou de bò yo te deside sispann batay la pou lannwit lan epi rekòmanse batay la nan maten, men pandan lannwit lan Ahmad Shah Abdali ak fòs li yo te deside retire kò yo nan Lahore pandan lannwit lan. Lè Shah la te retounen pita, li te vle angaje Sik yo ankò, li te dekouvri ke yo te retire kò yo nan forè Lakhi a. == Rezilta == Batay la li menm, ak rezilta li yo, pa tout istoryen aksepte. John Malcolm, Jadunath Sarkar, George Forster, ak Sinha tout doute ke batay la te reyèlman fèt. Sepandan, Hari Ram Gupta ak Ganda Singh aksepte li. {{Sfn|Singh|1977}} Gen kèk sous ki tou senpleman di ke tou de bò yo te retire kò yo nan kan yo apre batay la, epi ke Ahmad Shah te retounen [[Lawo|Lahore]] apre sa, li te retounen pita pou l wè Sikh yo te retire kò yo tou, batay la te rete endesi. {{Sfn|Singh|1977}} Gen lòt sous ki di batay la te petèt yon viktwa Sikh yo. == Konsekans == Pandan Abdali t ap chase nan teritwa Majha a, li te bay lòd pou yo kaptire yon gwoup kavalye Sikh nan zòn nan. Touswit apre, yon lòt gwoup te rive epi li te angaje mesye Abdali yo, apre sa yon Sikh te eseye atake Abdali san siksè. Afgan yo te touye kèk Sikh pandan rès yo te retire kò yo nan forè a. Shah a te kite Lahore nan dat 12 desanm 1762, epi yo te nonmen Kabuli Mal kòm nouvo gouvènè Lahore. {{Sfn|Singh|2004}} == Referans == {{Referans}} g7lz80x4v40o8fzbb1ehex2osxyeysg 0 97684 882787 2026-07-15T01:44:03Z 1104s72 38991 Li kreye pa tradui paj « [[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1359685660|Capilano University]] » 882787 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Inivèsite Capilano''' ('''CapU''') se yon inivèsite piblik ki konsantre sou ansèyman, ki sitiye nan North Vancouver, British Columbia, Kanada, sou pant mòn North Shore yo, ak pwogram ki sèvi tou koridò Sea-to-Sky la ak Sunshine Coast la. Inivèsite a pote non Chèf Joe Capilano, lidè pèp Squamish la soti nan 1895 rive 1910. Pwogram diplòm Inivèsite Capilano yo apwouve pa Ministè Edikasyon Avanse, Konpetans ak Fòmasyon Gouvènman Kolombi Britanik la. Pouvwa inivèsite a pou bay diplòm yo lejifere pa Lwa Inivèsite Kolombi Britanik la. <ref name="Degree Authorization">{{Cite web|url=https://www2.gov.bc.ca/gov/content/education-training/post-secondary-education/institution-resources-administration/degree-authorization|title=Degree Authorization}}</ref> An 2012, CapU te vin premye inivèsite Kanada ki te resevwa akreditasyon nan men Komisyon Nòdwès sou Kolèj ak Inivèsite (oswa NWCCU) nan [[Wachintòn (eta)|Washington]], youn nan sis gwo ajans rejyonal Ozetazini ke Depatman Edikasyon Etazini rekonèt. <ref name="Capilano University">{{Cite web|url=https://www.nwccu.org/member-institutions/directory/#in-1684/|title=Capilano University}}</ref> Ekip espòtif Inivèsite Capilano a, Blues yo, <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.athletics.capilanou.ca/landing/index|title=Capilano University|website=Capilano University|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220711030109/https://athletics.capilanou.ca/landing/index|archive-date=2022-07-11|access-date=2022-04-01}}</ref> te genyen 15 tit nasyonal nan Asosyasyon Atletik Kolèj Kanadyen an, ak 61 tit pwovens nan Asosyasyon Atletik Lwès Pasifik la. <ref name="Blues History">{{Cite web|url=https://www.capilanou.ca/services/campus-activities/athletics/history.html|title=Blues History|publisher=Capilano University|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170929044032/https://www.capilanou.ca/services/campus-activities/athletics/history.html|archive-date=September 29, 2017|access-date=2009-04-10}}</ref> Inivèsite a te fonde okòmansman kòm '''Capilano College''' pa konsèy lekòl yo ak rezidan North Shore ak Howe Sound an 1968, paske yo te bezwen yon enstitisyon piblik ki t ap sèvi kominote lokal yo ki te imedyatman nan nòdwès Vancouver. Premye enskripsyon an te 784 elèv. An 2008, pwovens lan te chanje tit Capilano College an inivèsite, e depi 2019, li te grandi pou l gen apeprè 12,700 elèv pa ane. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.capilanou.ca/about-capu/get-to-know-us/|title=Get to Know Us - Capilano University|website=www.capilanou.ca|access-date=2022-06-24}}</ref> Ofri akademik Inivèsite Capilano yo gen ladan yo pwogram atizay liberal, pwofesyonèl ak karyè ki rekonèt nasyonalman ak entènasyonalman , ki mennen nan diplòm, ak sètifika . Li patikilyèman rekonèt nan British Columbia ak Kanada pou pwogram li yo nan atizay [[La vizyèl|vizyèl]] ak [[La sèn|pèfòmans]] . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://macleans.ca/education/capilano-university-2/|title=Capilano University|last=Maclean's|date=2024-08-30|website=Macleans.ca|language=en|access-date=2024-12-04}}</ref> == Istwa == === Fondasyon === Konsèy lekòl North ak West Vancouver, Howe Sound ak Sechelt yo te fòme yon komite pou detèmine nesesite pou yon kolèj kominotè pou sèvi rejyon an. Pwopozisyon pou konstwi yon kolèj sou North Shore la te pase pa yon plebisit nan North ak West Vancouver ak Howe Sound an 1968. Gouvènman pwovens lan te bay apwobasyon an, epi yo te chwazi non Capilano College pami soumèt rezidan North Shore yo te fè, an onè Chèf Joe Capilano nan nasyon Sḵwx̱wú7mesh Coast Salish la. Capilano College te ouvri 10 septanm 1968, avèk 784 elèv ki t ap asiste kou apre lè lekòl nan West Vancouver Secondary . Yo te kreye Fondasyon Capilano College an 1970 pou bay bous detid ak èd pou elèv yo. <ref name="Pivotal moments at Capilano">{{Cite web|url=https://www.capilanou.ca/WorkArea/DownloadAsset.aspx?id=6867|title=Pivotal moments at Capilano|publisher=Capilano University|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180114092146/http://www.capilanou.ca/WorkArea/DownloadAsset.aspx?id=6867|archive-date=January 14, 2018|access-date=2009-01-18}}</ref> An 1970, konstriksyon te kòmanse sou kanpis North Vancouver nan zòn Lynnmour. Twa zan apre, kanpis pèmanan North Vancouver a te ouvri ak 1,965 elèv ki te prezan. Premye pwogram pwofesyonèl yo te ofri nan bilding pòtab yo te pote soti nan West Vancouver Secondary . Premye estrikti pèmanan nan kanpis North Vancouver a, bilding bibliyotèk orijinal la, te ouvri tou. An 1975, Capilano College te ouvri Sant Aprantisaj Squamish ak Sèvis Enfòmasyon Kominotè nan 38038 Cleveland Avenue nan Squamish. <ref name="Grand Opening">{{Cite web|url=https://arcabc.ca/islandora/object/capu%3A683?solr_nav%5Bid%5D=a36b021bc2bc0ed15c64&solr_nav%5Bpage%5D=0&solr_nav%5Boffset%5D=9|title=Grand Opening}}</ref> An 1976, bilding Arbutus la te ouvri nan kanpis North Vancouver a epi bilding Fir la te ouvri an 1982. An 1991, bilding Cedar la, Sportsplex la, ak bilding Horticulture la te fini. Dezan apre, yon nouvo bibliyotèk te ranplase ansyen an nan kanpis North Vancouver a, sa ki te triple gwosè espas bibliyotèk ki te egziste deja a. An 1996, bilding Birch la nan kanpis North Vancouver a te fini, li te gen yon teyat pèfòmans, salklas, sèvis elèv yo, ak espas ansèyman. Sant Gadri a te ouvri tou nan menm ane a. <ref name="Pivotal moments at Capilano">{{Cite web|url=https://www.capilanou.ca/WorkArea/DownloadAsset.aspx?id=6867|title=Pivotal moments at Capilano|publisher=Capilano University|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180114092146/http://www.capilanou.ca/WorkArea/DownloadAsset.aspx?id=6867|archive-date=January 14, 2018|access-date=2009-01-18}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20180114092146/http://www.capilanou.ca/WorkArea/DownloadAsset.aspx?id=6867 "Pivotal moments at Capilano"]. </cite></ref> An sa ki konsène lòt lokal li yo, inivèsite a te louvri kanpis Capilano <u>k</u> ála <u>x</u> -ay Sunshine Coast nan Sechelt an 1977, lokal CapU Lonsdale an 2019, ak kanpis CapU Squamish an 2024. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://vancouversun.com/news/local-news/bc-48m-for-capilano-for-quest-squamish-campus|title=B.C. kicks in $48M for Capilano University to take over Quest's Squamish campus|last=Penner|first=Derrick|date=2023-08-16|website=Vancouver Sun}}</ref> Li òganize kou tou nan Sant Aprantisaj Ts̓zil nan Mount Currie, BC . === Ekspansyon === Capilano College te ofri premye diplòm bakaloreya li a, yon diplòm kolaborasyon nan terapi mizik, avèk British Columbia Open University an 1990 epi li te ajoute yon dezyèm diplòm mizik nan [[Djaz|etid djaz]] an 1992. Yo te ofri diplòm nan administrasyon biznis pou premye fwa an 1993. Nan menm ane sa a, Capilano College te bay tou premye diplòm asosye li yo, ki disponib kounye a pou elèv nan yon varyete domèn tankou Atizay Entèdisiplinè, Ekriti Kreyatif, Anglè, Jesyon Global, Sikoloji, Syans Entèdisiplinè ak Byoloji. Gouvènman pwovens lan te otorize kolèj la an 2003 pou l vin premye kolèj nan British Columbia ki akòde diplòm aplike poukont li apre yap divòse BC Open University. An 2004, gouvènman pwovens lan te nonmen Capilano College tou kòm òganizatè Sant Lidèchip ak Inovasyon Touris British Columbia, nan preparasyon pou Je Olenpik Ivè 2010 yo. Sant lan te adrese pwoblèm touris, li te ede bay edikasyon touris, epi li te fè pati pi gwo Konsòsyòm Edikasyon ak Fòmasyon Touris ak Ospitalite British Columbia. <ref name="Tourism & Hospitality Education and Training Consortium">{{Cite web|url=http://www.aved.gov.bc.ca/tourism/welcome.htm|title=Tourism & Hospitality Education and Training Consortium|publisher=Ministry of Advanced Education and Labour Market Development|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090108050721/http://www.aved.gov.bc.ca/tourism/welcome.htm|archive-date=January 8, 2009|access-date=2009-01-18}}</ref> An 2008, sant lan te rantre nan Link BC, yon rezo edikasyon pou touris ak ospitalite avèk òganizasyon endistri yo <ref name="Who We Are">{{Cite web|url=http://linkbc.ca/main/?en&whoWeAre|title=Who We Are|publisher=Link BC|access-date=2009-01-18}}</ref> sa ki te lakòz patenarya avèk òganizasyon yo ak opòtinite pou etidyan yo. <ref name="MOU benefits Capilano's tourism students and Tourism Vancouver in 2010">{{Cite web|url=https://www.capilanou.ca/media/archives/2008-media-releases/mou-tourism-vancouver-capilano.html|title=MOU benefits Capilano's tourism students and Tourism Vancouver in 2010|publisher=Capilano University|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160817035207/http://www.capilanou.ca/media/archives/2008-media-releases/mou-tourism-vancouver-capilano.html|archive-date=August 17, 2016|access-date=2009-01-18}}</ref> An 2008, gouvènman pwovens lan te chanje deziyasyon Capilano College an Inivèsite Capilano. <ref name="Designation">{{Cite web|url=https://www.capilanou.ca/about-capu/get-to-know-us/our-history/|title=Designation}}</ref> CapU te rantre tou nan konsòsyòm OpenCourseWare a, epi li te kòmanse pwosesis pou akreditasyon nan men Northwest Commission on Colleges and Universities (ke li te resevwa an 2012). <ref name="Pivotal moments at Capilano">{{Cite web|url=https://www.capilanou.ca/WorkArea/DownloadAsset.aspx?id=6867|title=Pivotal moments at Capilano|publisher=Capilano University|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180114092146/http://www.capilanou.ca/WorkArea/DownloadAsset.aspx?id=6867|archive-date=January 14, 2018|access-date=2009-01-18}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20180114092146/http://www.capilanou.ca/WorkArea/DownloadAsset.aspx?id=6867 "Pivotal moments at Capilano"]. </cite></ref> == Kanpis yo == Inivèsite Capilano gen kat kanpis. Kanpis prensipal li a sitiye nan 2055 Purcell Way nan North Vancouver (minisipalite distri a), sou North Shore nan Metro Vancouver . Li apeprè 30 minit nan machin soti nan sant vil Vancouver . Majorite pwogram yo ofri nan kanpis sa a. Genyen tou yon kanpis rejyonal ki pi piti, yo rele <u>kála</u> <u>x</u> -ay Sunshine Coast Campus nan Sechelt, British Columbia ki sèvi kominote Sunshine Coast yo. <ref name="Sunshine Coast Campus">{{Cite web|url=https://www.capilanou.ca/about-capu/get-to-know-us/our-locations/sunshine-coast-campus/|title=Sunshine Coast Campus|publisher=Capilano University|access-date=2021-06-17}}</ref> Nan mwa septanm 2019, CapU te admèt elèv yo nan CapU Lonsdale, Shipyards Development nan Lower Lonsdale nan North Vancouver. <ref name="CapU Lonsdale">{{Cite web|url=https://www.capilanou.ca/about-capu/get-to-know-us/our-locations/capu-lonsdale/|title=CapU Lonsdale|publisher=Capilano University|access-date=2021-06-17}}</ref> Kanpis CapU Squamish la, ki sitiye nan 3200 University Boulevard, Squamish, British Columbia, te ouvri nan otòn 2024. Kanpis 18 kawo tè ki te konstwi espesyalman pou sa a gen ladan espas ansèyman ak aprantisaj akademik, lojman pou elèv yo, yon espas pou manje, yon bibliyotèk, yon sant atletik ak yon teren gazon klas FIFA. Kote a te ye a se te ansyen kanpis Quest University nan Squamish . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://news.gov.bc.ca/releases/2023PSFS0047-001303|title=Expanded education opportunities coming to Squamish {{!}} BC Gov News|last=Skills|first=Post-Secondary Education and Future|date=2023-08-16|website=news.gov.bc.ca|language=en|access-date=2023-10-02}}</ref> Capilano University te achte kanpis la nan mwa Out 2023, apre Quest University te sispann opere nan mwa Fevriye 2023 akòz difikilte finansye. <ref name=":0" /> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://vancouversun.com/news/local-news/bc-48m-for-capilano-for-quest-squamish-campus|title=B.C. kicks in $48M for Capilano University to take over Quest's Squamish campus|last=Penner|first=Derrick|date=2023-08-16|website=Vancouver Sun}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFPenner2023">Penner, Derrick (August 16, 2023). </cite></ref> Inivèsite a òganize kou tou nan Sant Aprantisaj Ts̓zil nan Mount Currie, nan Kolonbi Britanik . == Akademik == === Pwofil === Inivèsite Capilano ofri 97 pwogram atravè 5 fakilte: <ref name="Study Areas">{{Cite web|url=https://www.capilanou.ca/programs--courses/search--select/explore-our-areas-of-study/|title=Study Areas}}</ref> Fakilte Atizay ak Syans; <ref name="Arts & Sciences">{{Cite web|url=https://www.capilanou.ca/programs--courses/search--select/explore-our-areas-of-study/arts--sciences/|title=Arts & Sciences}}</ref> Fakilte Biznis ak Etid Pwofesyonèl; <ref name="Business & Professional Studies">{{Cite web|url=https://www.capilanou.ca/programs--courses/search--select/explore-our-areas-of-study/business--professional-studies/|title=Business & Professional Studies}}</ref> Fakilte Edikasyon, Sante ak Devlopman Imen; <ref name="Education, Health & Human Development">{{Cite web|url=https://www.capilanou.ca/programs--courses/search--select/explore-our-areas-of-study/education-health--human-development/|title=Education, Health & Human Development}}</ref> Fakilte Bèl Atizay ak Atizay Aplike; <ref name="Fine & Applied Arts">{{Cite web|url=https://www.capilanou.ca/programs--courses/search--select/explore-our-areas-of-study/fine--applied-arts/|title=Fine & Applied Arts}}</ref> ak Fakilte Etid Mondyal ak Kominotè. <ref name="Global & Community Studies">{{Cite web|url=https://www.capilanou.ca/programs--courses/search--select/explore-our-areas-of-study/global--community-studies/|title=Global & Community Studies}}</ref> Nan Fakilte Atizay ak Syans lan, <ref name="Arts & Sciences">{{Cite web|url=https://www.capilanou.ca/programs--courses/search--select/explore-our-areas-of-study/arts--sciences/|title=Arts & Sciences}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.capilanou.ca/programs--courses/search--select/explore-our-areas-of-study/arts--sciences/ "Arts & Sciences"].</cite></ref> gen Lekòl Syans Sosyal (avèk pwogram nan Atizay, Etid Akademik, Analiz Konpòtman Aplike (Otis), Sikoloji, ak Etid Liberal); Lekòl Syans Imanitè (avèk pwogram nan Atizay, Ekriti Kreyatif, Anglè, Etid Liberal, ak Etid Lang ak Kiltirèl Nasyon Lil'wat, Sechelt, oswa Nasyon Squamish); ak Lekòl Syans, Teknoloji, Jeni ak Matematik oswa STEM (avèk pwogram nan Biyoloji, Syans, Jeni, ak Chemen Karyè Sante). Fakilte Biznis ak Etid Pwofesyonèl <ref name="Business & Professional Studies">{{Cite web|url=https://www.capilanou.ca/programs--courses/search--select/explore-our-areas-of-study/business--professional-studies/|title=Business & Professional Studies}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.capilanou.ca/programs--courses/search--select/explore-our-areas-of-study/business--professional-studies/ "Business & Professional Studies"].</cite></ref> la gen ladan l Lekòl Biznis la (avèk pwogram nan Kontablite, Administrasyon Biznis, Administrasyon Biznis Avanse, ak Komès an Detay); Lekòl Kominikasyon an; ak Lekòl Etid Legal la (avèk pwogram nan Etid Legal - Asistan Legal, Dwa Kontra, ak Administrasyon Legal). Fakilte Edikasyon, Sante ak Devlopman Imen <ref name="Education, Health & Human Development">{{Cite web|url=https://www.capilanou.ca/programs--courses/search--select/explore-our-areas-of-study/education-health--human-development/|title=Education, Health & Human Development}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.capilanou.ca/programs--courses/search--select/explore-our-areas-of-study/education-health--human-development/ "Education, Health & Human Development"].</cite></ref> gen ladan l Lekòl Aksè ak Preparasyon Akademik (avèk pwogram nan Preparasyon pou Kolèj ak Inivèsite, Ranfòsman Kapasite Kominotè, Lidèchip Kominotè ak Chanjman Sosyal, Aksè nan Edikasyon ak Travay, Anglè pou Rezon Akademik, ak University One pou Elèv Aborijèn); Lekòl Sante Alye (avèk pwogram nan Terapi Mizik, Swen Sante, ak Reyabilitasyon); ak Lekòl Edikasyon ak Etid sou Anfans (avèk pwogram nan Swen ak Edikasyon Timoun piti, Asistan Edikasyon ak sou-espesyalite nan Tibebe ak Timoun piti ansanm ak Bezwen Espesyal). Fakilte Bel Atizay ak Atizay Aplike li a <ref name="Fine & Applied Arts">{{Cite web|url=https://www.capilanou.ca/programs--courses/search--select/explore-our-areas-of-study/fine--applied-arts/|title=Fine & Applied Arts}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.capilanou.ca/programs--courses/search--select/explore-our-areas-of-study/fine--applied-arts/ "Fine & Applied Arts"].</cite></ref> ofri Lekòl Design IDEA a (pwogram nan Kominikasyon Vizyèl); Lekòl Atizay Sinematik (avèk pwogram nan Atizay Sinematik, Kostim pou Sèn ak Ekran, Sinema Dijital Endijèn Endepandan, Ekleraj pou Imaj Dijital ak Fim, Travay Grip pou Imaj Dijital ak Fim, Animasyon 2D ak Devlopman Vizyèl, Animasyon 3D pou Fim ak Jwèt, Fondamantal Animasyon, ak Efè Vizyèl Dijital); ak Lekòl Atizay Pèfòmans (avèk pwogram nan Jwe pou Sèn ak Ekran, Jesyon Atizay ak Divètisman Avanse, Atizay Pèfòmans, Mizik, Direksyon nan Mizik, Terapi Mizikal, Teyat Mizikal, Teyat Teknik, ak Etid Jazz ak sou-espesyalite nan Edikasyon ak/oswa Pèfòmans/Konpozisyon). Fakilte Etid Global ak Kominotè a <ref name="Global & Community Studies">{{Cite web|url=https://www.capilanou.ca/programs--courses/search--select/explore-our-areas-of-study/global--community-studies/|title=Global & Community Studies}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.capilanou.ca/programs--courses/search--select/explore-our-areas-of-study/global--community-studies/ "Global & Community Studies"].</cite></ref> ofri Lekòl Jesyon Global; Lekòl Kinetik Imèn; Lekòl Jesyon Lwazi Deyò; Lekòl Administrasyon Piblik (avèk pwogram nan Administrasyon Gouvènman Lokal, Administrasyon Gouvènman Lokal Avanse ak Devlopman Lidèchip Gouvènman Lokal); ak Lekòl Jesyon Touris (avèk pwogram nan Jesyon Touris, Jesyon Ospitalite ak Touris Mondyal, Jesyon Touris Edikasyon Koperativ, Jesyon Touris pou Etidyan Entènasyonal, ak Maketing Touris). Inivèsite Capilano ofri patenarya ak pwojè ansanm kòm yon pati nan angajman inivèsite a anvè edikasyon entènasyonal. <ref name="About Capilano University">{{Cite web|url=https://www.capilanou.ca/about/|title=About Cap|publisher=Capilano University|access-date=2017-03-16}}</ref> Li gen pwogram doub diplòm ak pwogram apre gradyasyon, ansanm ak patenarya devlopman ak yon kantite lekòl aletranje. <ref name="International Partnerships & Projects">{{Cite web|url=https://www.capilanou.ca/about/partnerships/Home.html|title=International Partnerships & Projects|publisher=Capilano University|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100316185708/http://www.capilanou.ca/about/partnerships/Home.html|archive-date=March 16, 2010|access-date=2009-04-08}}</ref> == Bousdetid, sibvansyon ak prim == Inivèsite Capilano bay plis pase 250 bous detid ak èd <ref name="Scholarships, Bursaries & Awards">{{Cite web|url=https://www.capilanou.ca/admissions/fees--finances/financial-aid--awards/scholarships-bursaries--awards/|title=Scholarships, Bursaries & Awards}}</ref> pou elèv aktyèl yo ak elèv ki retounen. <ref name="Current & Returning Students">{{Cite web|url=https://www.capilanou.ca/admissions/fees--finances/financial-aid--awards/scholarships-bursaries--awards/current--returning-students/|title=Current & Returning Students}}</ref> Inivèsite a bay bous detid pou reyalizasyon akademik, bous detid ki baze sou bezwen finansye, epi yo bay prim ki baze sou yon konbinezon pi bon nòt, reyalizasyon atletik, aktivite ekstra-skolè oswa lòt reyalizasyon espesyal, epi pafwa yo baze tou sou bezwen finansye. Sa yo enkli Prim Aksè pou Reyalizasyon Inivèsite Capilano, Prim Wong ak Trainor, Prim Atletik Inivèsite Capilano, Prim Xats'alanexw Siyam, Bousdetid pou Etidyan Endijèn, Bousdetid Borden Ladner Gervais, Bousdetid Mary Neil ak Prim Eksperyans Entènasyonal Neptune Terminals. <ref name="Awards">{{Cite web|url=https://ssb.capilanou.ca/prod/bwyfagui.p_select_type|title=Awards}}</ref> == Rezidans ak lojman CapU == === Nò Vancouver === Kounye a, rezidans etidyan CapU yo ka akomode jiska 293 etidyan. Rezidans yo sitiye sou otowout Dollarton, a 10 minit de kanpis prensipal la. <ref name="CapU Residence">{{Cite web|url=https://www.capilanou.ca/student-life/campus-community/capu-residence/|title=CapU Residence}}</ref> Konpayi devlopman byen imobilye a, Woodbridge Northwest Communities, ap pwopoze yon Vilaj Inivèsite Capilano ki gen ladan yon tou kondominyòm sis etaj, kay an ranje twa ak kat etaj, 60 dòtwa pou elèv CapU, ak yon bilding ekipman nan kanpis North Vancouver. Plan konpayi an gen ladan tou kwizin pèsonalize pou elèv yo, yon pisin, yon kay klib ak yon zòn jwe pou timoun yo. <ref name="Housing Proposal">{{Cite web|url=http://www.capilanocourier.com/2017/09/25/campus-housing-construction/|title=Housing Proposal|date=25 September 2017}}</ref> Yon lòt konpayi ki devlope byen nan North Vancouver ap ofri pou konstwi apatman lokasyon sèlman pou etidyan ak anplwaye Inivèsite Capilano. Darwin Properties soumèt yon aplikasyon pou konstwi 346 inite lojman lokasyon nan de bilding sis etaj. Konpayi an vle konstwi tou yon kafe adjasan. <ref name="Rentals">{{Cite web|url=https://www.nsnews.com/news/developer-pitches-capilano-university-staff-and-student-housing-1.23833300|title=Rentals}}</ref> === Squamish === Kanpis Squamish Inivèsite Capilano a gen twa bilding dedye a rezidans etidyan, ki bay plis pase 200 chanm pou lojman etidyan. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.capilanou.ca/student-services/student-housing/capu-squamish-housing/|title=CapU Squamish Housing|website=Capilano University|language=en|access-date=2025-06-11}}</ref> Bilding yo gwoupe ansanm, kote etidyan yo ka etidye, manje, sosyalize epi detann. Rezidans yo toupre enstalasyon tankou sèvis manje ak yon konplèks lwazi. == Lavi sou kanpis la == === Atletik === [[Fichye:Capilano_blues_logo.png|vignette|120x120px|Logo atletik Capilano a]] Ant 1974 ak 1999, Capilano Blues yo <ref name="Capilano Blues">{{Cite web|url=https://athletics.capilanou.ca/landing/index|title=Capilano Blues|publisher=Capilano Blues|access-date=2021-06-17}}</ref> te genyen Pri Sipremasi Foutbòl CCAA a pou foutbòl gason ak fanm. Jiska prezan, ekip Capilano yo te genyen 15 Tit Nasyonal CCAA ak 61 Chanpyona Pwovens TOTEM/BCCAA/ PACWEST . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://athletics.capilanou.ca/information/History|title=History of the Capilano University Blues|access-date=April 30, 2018}}</ref> Inivèsite Capilano gen sis ekip espòtif gason ak fanm, Capilano Blues yo, <ref name="Capilano Blues">{{Cite web|url=https://athletics.capilanou.ca/landing/index|title=Capilano Blues|publisher=Capilano Blues|access-date=2021-06-17}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://athletics.capilanou.ca/landing/index "Capilano Blues"]. </cite></ref> ki jwe nan nivo pwovens ak nasyonal. Blues yo baze nan Sant Espò ak Byennèt Inivèsite Capilano a sou kanpis prensipal la. === Medya inivèsite a === * Jounal prensipal etidyan an, ''The Capilano Courier,'' se etidyan ki travay ladan l epi li fonksyone endepandamman de inivèsite a ak sosyete etidyan an. Li pibliye de fwa pa mwa. * Etidyan ekriti kreyatif nan Inivèsite Capilano pibliye yon magazin literè, ''The Liar'', yon fwa pa ane avèk finansman nan men depatman anglè a. * Pwofesè inivèsite a te fonde ''The Capilano Review'' an 1972. Se yon jounal atistik ki mete aksan sou pwezi, fiksyon, dram ak atizay vizyèl. An 2015, magazin nan te vin tounen yon piblikasyon endepandan ki baze nan sant vil Vancouver. * Inivèsite a te fonde tou Capilano University Editions (CUE) an 2008, yon mak piblikasyon liv nan Capilano Press Society ki konsantre sou ekriti ak atizay avangad Kanadyen. Kounye a, li opere endepandamman de inivèsite a sou non CUE Books. * Radyo Capilano <ref name="Capilano Radio">{{Cite web|url=https://capilanoradio.com/|title=Capilano Radio|publisher=Capilano Students' Union|access-date=2021-06-18}}</ref> se yon pwodiksyon podcast ki dirije pa etidyan ki te kòmanse an 2019. * Lanse an Novanm 2020, Capsule <ref name="Capsule Stories">{{Cite web|url=https://www.capilanou.ca/about-capu/get-to-know-us/capsule-stories/|title=Capsule Stories|publisher=Capilano University|access-date=2021-06-18}}</ref> se travay ekip maketing ak eksperyans dijital CapU a, yon kolektif divès talan men yon fil komen ki ini nou se lanmou nou pou rakonte istwa. === Òganizasyon etidyan yo === '''Inyon Elèv Capilano yo''' Chak elèv ki enskri nan yon pwogram kredi nan Inivèsite Capilano se yon manm Inyon Elèv Capilano (CSU). <ref name="Capilano Students' Union">{{Cite web|url=https://www.capilanou.ca/student-life/campus-community/capilano-students-union/|title=Capilano Students' Union|publisher=Capilano University|access-date=2021-06-18}}</ref> CSU a se sosyete elèv rezidan Inivèsite Capilano a epi li benefisye inivèsite a ak kominote a lè li fè pwomosyon enterè elèv yo. Menm jan ak lòt sosyete elèv nan British Columbia, manda CSU a se defann elèv yo epi bay sèvis ak evènman ki amelyore eksperyans elèv la. Pandan ke jesyon ak operasyon chak jou yo konfye a yon konsèy administrasyon ki konpoze de elèv eli, ki gouvène pa konstitisyon ak règleman sosyete a, elèv yo finalman kontwole aktivite CSU yo. Konsèy administrasyon an konpoze de senk vis prezidan, sèt lyezon ki reprezante gwoup enterè espesyal, de reprezantan pou chak fakilte, kat reprezantan sena, ak de reprezantan nan konsèy gouvènè inivèsite a. CSU a anrejistre anba Lwa Sosyete BC a epi li resevwa finansman nan frè manm yo, ke inivèsite a kolekte nan men elèv yo an akò ak ''Lwa Inivèsite'' a. CSU a bay manm li yo sèvis, tankou yon pas transpò piblik ki pa chè, yon planifikatè gratis, yon vant liv ize, ak benefis sante ak dantè. CSU a reprezante enterè elèv yo, epi yo prezante epi defann opinyon elèv yo nan reyinyon ak administratè inivèsite yo ak reprezantan gouvènman lokal, pwovens ak federal yo. == Moun == Pami ansyen pwofesè Inivèsite Capilano yo, ansyen pwofesè ak pwofesè aktyèl yo gen ladan yo 1 ganyan prim Akademi, 1 ganyan Andrew A. Mellon, 1 ganyan Akademi Syans Otrichyen an, 1 ganyan Pri Ekran Kanadyen an, 2 moun ki te antre nan Sal Onè Foutbòl Kanadyen an, 1 ganyan Civitella Ranieri, 1 ganyan Pri Eisner, 2 ganyan Pri Gemini, 2 ganyan Pri Grammy, 6 moun ki te resevwa Pri Gouvènè Jeneral la, 6 ganyan Pri Juno, 1 ganyan Pri Killam, 2 manm Asanble Lejislatif Kolonbi Britanik la, 1 ganyan Pri Jounalis Vwayaj Lowell Thomas, 1 ganyan MacDowell, ak 1 manb nan Royal Canadian Geographic Society . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.instagram.com/p/DC1-Kfuy6jB/?igsh=MWJoODI3anZ5YTlmdw==|title=Did you know CapU alum have won…|last=CapU Student Recruitment|date=November 26, 2024|website=www.instagram.com|access-date=2024-11-27}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.instagram.com/p/DCS6C-Cpbts/?igsh=OG9xa2c4ajk3c3U5|title=Congratulations CapU Blues Women's Soccer!|last=CapU Student Recruitment|date=November 12, 2024|website=www.instagram.com|access-date=2024-11-27}}</ref> An 2019, chantèz ak konpozitris Sarah McLachlan te resevwa diplòm Doktè nan Bel Atizay, honoris causa nan Inivèsite Capilano. <ref name="Sarah McLachlan">{{Cite web|url=https://www.capilanou.ca/mycapu/convocation-ceremonies/honorary-degrees/2019-honorary-degree-recipients/sarah-mclachlan/|title=Sarah McLachlan}}</ref> === Ansyen elèv remakab ===  [[Jessie Anthony]] - direktè, senaris, ak pwodiktè Onondaga [[Nick Bateman]] - modèl, pèfòmè, ak aktè [[Silvana Burtini]] - Jwè Kanadyen pou Ane a 1998 [[Rick Celebrini]] - chèf medsin espò pou Whitecaps FC [[DJ Clazzi]] - konpozitè, chantè, otè pawòl mizik, pwodiktè disk ak DJ Sid Koreyen [[Paul Dailly]] - antrenè foutbòl Ekosè-Kanadyen [[Craig Dalrymple]] - chèf devlopman jwè pwofesyonèl pou Seattle Sounders FC [[Camilla d'Errico]] - ilistratris liv komik, pent ak atis vizyèl [[Luisa D’Oliveira]] - aktris [[Joel Fafard]] - gitaris finger-style ak slide [[Liam Firus]] - biznismann [[Godfrey Gao]] (1984-2019) - modèl ak aktè Chinwa-Kanadyen [[Jamie Garratt]] - prezidan Idea Rebel [[Jennifer Gasoi]] - mizisyen timoun [[Gigi Saul Guerrero]] - sineyas ak aktris Meksiken [[Julia Gretarsdottir]] - senk fwa medayis nasyonal nan Patinaj Atistik Islandè Chanpyona [[Hilary Grist]] - chantèz ak konpozitris [[Helen Haig-Brown]] - sineyas Tsilhqot'in [[Anosh Irani]] - womansye Endyen-Kanadyen [[Jamie Lee Hamilton]] - kandida politik, defansè Endijèn, [[DTES]], ak defansè pou travayè seksyèl [[Adrian Kekec]] - jwè foutbòl [[Cherelle Khassal]] - foutbolè Ilandè [[Elicia MacKenzie]] - aktris teyat mizikal [[Tanya Marquardt]] - otè memwa, pèfòmè, ak ekriven [[Cheri Maracle]] - aktris ak mizisyen Endijèn [[Camille Mitchell]] - aktris, ekriven ak reyalizatris Ameriken-Kanadyen [[David Morris]] - jwè foutbòl retrete [[Chelsey Reist]] - aktris, animatris televizyon, ak dansèz [[Lana Roi]] - atis anrejistreman ak konpozitris [[Steve Rolston]] - atis, ekriven liv komik ak woman grafik [[Bria Skonberg]] - twonpètis ak vokalis [[Cowboy Smithx]] - sineyas Blackfoot [[Chantal Strand]] - aktris vwa ak sèn [[Charles van Sandwyk]] - atis, ilistratè ak ekriven [[Desmond Tachie]] - jwè foutbòl [[Graham Wardle]] - aktè, sineyas ak fotograf [[Cory Weeds]] - saksofonis ak enpresèryo, gayan Grammy Awards 2023 yo [[Jonathan Whitesell]] - aktè [[Kristian Yli-Hietanen]] - jwè foutbòl Finlannè-Kanadyen [[Nima Moazeni Zadeh]] - foutbolè Iranyen [[Elizabeth Zvonar]] - atis kontanporen [[Soichiro Nakano]] - karateka, medaye bwonz nan kategori 67 kg gason nan [[Chanpyona Mondyal Karate 2021 an]] === Fakilte remakab === * Gillian Barber, aktris * Bill Coon, <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.capilanou.ca/programs--courses/search--select/explore-our-areas-of-study/faculty-profiles/bill-coon/|title=Bill Coon - Capilano University}}</ref> mizisyen ak konpozitè djaz * Pierre Coupey, pent, powèt ak editè fondatè ''Capilano Review'' la * Ivan Coyote, pèfòmè spoken word, ekriven, ak defansè LGBT * Jackson Davies, aktè * Leonard George, Sikològ ak chèchè sou eskizofreni * Jordan Hall, <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.capilanou.ca/programs--courses/search--select/explore-our-areas-of-study/faculty-profiles/jordan-hall/|title=Jordan Hall - Capilano University}}</ref> Ekriven, otè pyès teyat, ak kreyatè seri entènèt * Daniel Hersog, <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.capilanou.ca/programs--courses/search--select/explore-our-areas-of-study/faculty-profiles/daniel-hersog/|title=Daniel Hersog - Capilano University}}</ref> twonpètis djaz ak chèf gwoup mizikal * Steve Kaldestad, <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.capilanou.ca/programs--courses/search--select/explore-our-areas-of-study/faculty-profiles/steve-kaldestad/|title=Steve Kaldestad - Capilano University}}</ref> saksofonis djaz ak pwofesè mizik * Nicholas Kendall, direktè fim ak televizyon * Crawford Kilian, romansye ak pwofesè inivèsite * Ryan Knighton, ekriven, gayan Pri Jounalis Vwayaj Lowell Thomas 2012 ak 2018 la * John Korsrud, <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.capilanojazz.com/our-faculty|title=Our Faculty}}</ref> twonpètis ak konpozitè djaz * Frank Molnar, atis Ongwa-Kanadyen * John Pass, powèt angle-kanadyen, gayan Pri Gouvènè Jeneral la pou Merit Literè an 2006 * Stan Persky (1941–2024), ekriven, komentatè medya, ak pwofesè filozofi ameriken-kanadyen * Jodi Proznick, basis djaz, konpozitris, edikatè ak pwodiktè * Meredith Quartermain, powèt, romansyè, ak ekriven istwa * Bill Schermbrucker, akademik ak otè Kenyen-Kanadyen * Anita Sleeman, konpozitris mizik klasik kontanporen, chèf dòkès, aranjè, edikatè ak pèfòmè * George Stanley, powèt * Bill Terry, egzekitif CBC ak otè * Sharon Thesen, powèt * Brad Turner, <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.capilanojazz.com/our-faculty|title=Our Faculty}}</ref> twonpètis djaz ak pyanis, gayan prim Juno 1997, 1998, 2017, ak 2020 yo * Lyn Vernon, mezzo-soprano, soprano dramatik, chèf òkès, ak pwofesè * Á'a:líya Warbus, atis Stó꞉lō, sineyas, chantèz, pwofesè, manm Asanble Lejislatif Kolonbi Britanik (depi 2024) * Frances Wasserlein (1946–2015), responsab kominote atistik Kanadyen-Ameriken ak aktivis dwa LGBTQ * Gordon Wilson, Pwofesè, manm Asanble Lejislatif Kolonbi Britanik la (1991-2001), 28yèm lidè Opozisyon Kolonbi Britanik la * Peter Woeste, direktè televizyon, direktè fotografi, ak operatè kamera alman-kanadyen == Gade tou == * Edikasyon siperyè nan Kolonbi Britanik * Lis inivèsite nan Kolonbi Britanik == Referans == {{Referans}} [[Kategori:Pages avec des traductions non relues]] orzq5oquynvo18esrpr70bxdq7uwx8w 0 97685 882790 2026-07-15T05:15:57Z 1104s72 38991 Li kreye pa tradui paj « [[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1357293549|Shaheedan Misl]] » 882790 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Shaheedan Misl''' la , ke yo rele tou '''Shahid Misl ''' oubyen '''Nihang Misl ''', sete youn nan douz Sikh Misl ki pita te vin tounen Anpi Sikh la. Li te kenbe yon ti kantite teritwa nan zòn Malwa (Punjab) ozalantou Damdama Sahib anvan Ranjit Singh te enkòpore l nan Anpi Sikh Sukerchakia Misl la. [[Baba Deep Singh|Deep Singh]] (ki pita te rele Baba Deep Singh), pitit gason Bhagta, ki soti nan vilaj Pahuwind (kounye a distri Amritsar), sete fondatè Misl sa a. Nan tan lontan, yo te konnen Misl sa a kòm Misl Deep Singh la, men apre lanmò mati Deep Singh an 1757 ak yon lòt jeneral Sikh Gurbakhsh Singh (ki soti nan vilaj Leel) an 1764, yo te vin konnen Misl sa a kòm Shaheedan Misl. Shaheedan Misl la te plis sanble ak yon lòd relijye olye ke li te sanble ak yon gwo klan familyal tankou pifò lòt misl nan Konfederasyon Sikh la. == Istwa == Misl la te etabli pa Jat yo. An 1748, Baba Deep Singh te nonmen kòm lidè Shaheedan Misl la ak Mahant Takht Sri Damdama Sahib. An 1757, Ahmad Shah Abdali te anvayi peyi Zend epi li te voye yon lame nan Harmandir Sahib pou anpeche Sikh yo antre nan Gurdwara a. Baba Deep Singh ansanm ak yon gwoup gason ki te monte cheval avè l pou libere Gurdwara a, te mouri nan Batay Amritsar (1757) pandan yo t ap goumen kont lame Durrani a. Apre sa, Suddha Singh, ki te ranplase l kòm lidè, te mennen misl la nan yon konfli kont gouvènman afgan an nan vil Jalandhar. De premye lidè misl la te konsidere kòm shaheed (mati) pa moun nan epòk yo, se poutèt sa misl la te vin rele Shaheedan Misl, sa vle di "Misl Mati yo". Nan kòmansman 19yèm syèk la, misl la te anekse epi li te vin fè pati Anpi Sikh la. Lòd Nihang nan relijyon Sikh la kontinye prezève tradisyon misl sa a. == Teritwa == Misl la te soti Pohuwind toupre Amritsar ak Marana toupre Lahore. Shaheedan yo te kenbe teritwa nan lès Malwa. Shaheedan Misl la te kontwole ansanm pati nan plèn Punjab yo nan sid rivyè Sutlej la, ant Karnal ak Ferozepore, ansanm ak lòt misl. == Lis lidè yo == Lidè enpòtan nan misl la sete: * [[Baba Deep Singh]] * Sudh Singh * Karam Singh * Gulab Singh * Akali Naina Singh * Akali Phula Singh <ref name=":0" /> == Galri == <gallery> Fichye:Fresco_of_Shaheed_Baba_Deep_Singh_from_Gurdwara_Baba_Atal,_Amritsar.jpg|alt=Fresco of shaheed Baba Deep Singh from Gurdwara Baba Atal, Amritsar| Fresk ''shaheed'' Baba Deep Singh ki soti nan Gurdwara Baba Atal, Amritsar Fichye:Fresco_of_Bijla_Singh_from_Gurdwara_Baba_Atal.jpg|alt=Fresco of Bijla Singh from Gurdwara Baba Atal. He was a warrior of the Shaheedan Misl and contemporary of Baba Deep Singh| Fresk Bijla Singh ki soti nan Gurdwara Baba Atal . Li te yon gèrye Shaheedan Misl epi kontanporen Baba Deep Singh. Fichye:Detail_of_Karam_Singh_Sidhu_of_the_Shaheedan_Misl_from_a_painting_three_seated_Sikh_sardars,_circa_late_18th_century.jpg|alt=Detail of Karam Singh Sidhu of the Shaheedan Misl from a painting three seated Sikh sardars, circa late 18th century| Detay Karam Singh Sidhu nan Shaheedan Misl la nan yon penti twa sardar Sikh chita, ozanviwon fen 18yèm syèk la. Fichye:Photograph_of_the_Bunga_Amar_Shaheed_Baba_Deep_Singh,_it_has_since_been_demolished.jpg|alt=Photograph of the Bunga Amar Shaheed Baba Deep Singh at the Golden Temple complex in Amritsar, it has since been demolished| Foto Bunga Amar Shaheed Baba Deep Singh nan konplèks Tanp an lò nan Amritsar, li te demoli depi lè sa a. </gallery> == Referans == {{Referans}} oayl29wwmlhcd6doea6klomjfcr8u5v 0 97686 882791 2026-07-15T05:22:26Z 1104s72 38991 Paj ki kreye ak " sa ka vledi [[Vikram Samvat]] la oubyen [[Shaka Samvat]] la " 882791 wikitext text/x-wiki sa ka vledi [[Vikram Samvat]] la oubyen [[Shaka Samvat]] la 5e5dyr55nce93g6lkpmukaq9codi8b2 0 97687 882792 2026-07-15T05:41:40Z 1104s72 38991 Li kreye pa tradui paj « [[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1363580402|Ab urbe condita]] » 882792 wikitext text/x-wiki   [[Fichye:Antoninianus-Pacatianus-1001-RIC_0006cf.jpg|vignette|Antoninianus nan Pacatian, uzurpatè anperè women Filip an 248. Li di ''ROMAE AETER[NAE] AN[NO] MIL[LESIMO] ET PRIMO'', 'Pou Wòm etènèl, nan 1001yèm ane li.']] [[File:Anno_ab_urbe_condita_(medieval).png|vignette|''Anno ab urbe condita'', rubrike epi avèk yon inisyal dekore, soti nan ''Kwonik medyeval Sen Pantaleon an'']] '''''Sou vil la ki te anba kondisyon an''''' ( ; 'soti nan fondasyon Vil la '), oswa '''{{Lang|la|anno urbis conditae}}''' ( ; 'nan ane depi fondasyon vil la'), abreje kòm '''AUC''' oswa '''AVC''' nan enskripsyon laten klasik yo, eksprime yon dat an ane depi 753<nowiki><span typeof="mw:Entity" id="mwLA">&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki>BC, fondasyon tradisyonèl Wòm. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ab+urbe+condita|title=Definition of AB URBE CONDITA|website=merriam-webster.com|language=en|access-date=2021-07-13}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/anno+urbis+conditae|title=Definition of ANNO URBIS CONDITAE|website=merriam-webster.com|language=en|access-date=2021-07-13}}</ref> Li se yon ekspresyon yo te itilize nan antikite ak pa istoryen klasik yo pou refere a yon ane bay nan [[Wòm ansyen|Wòm Ansyen]] . An referans a ane tradisyonèl fondasyon Wòm, ane 1 an<nowiki><span typeof="mw:Entity" id="mwOA">&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki>BC ta ekri AUC&nbsp;753, tandiske [[Ane 0|AD&nbsp;1]] ta dwe AUC&nbsp;754. Fondasyon [[Anpi Women]] an nan lane 27<nowiki><span typeof="mw:Entity" id="mwPw">&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki>BC ta dwe AUC&nbsp;727. Ane aktyèl la AD&nbsp;2026 ta dwe AUC&nbsp;2779 . Itilizasyon tèm nan te pi komen pandan [[Renesans]] lan, lè editè yo te pafwa ajoute AUC nan maniskri Women yo te pibliye, sa ki te bay fo enpresyon ke konvansyon an te souvan itilize nan antikite. An reyalite, metòd dominan pou idantifye ane nan epòk Women an se te nonmen de konsil ki te nan fonksyon ane sa a. Nan fen antikite, ane rèy yo te an itilizasyon tou, tankou nan peyi Lejip Women an pandan epòk Diocletian apre [[293 (almanak jilyen)|ane 293 AD]], ak nan Anpi Bizanten an apati 537 AD, apre yon dekrè [[Justinien|Justinian]] . == Itilizasyon == Anvan Leta Women an te adopte kwonoloji Varronyèn nan, ki te prepare pa Titus Pomponius Atticus ak Marcus Terentius Varro, te gen anpil dat diferan yo te pwopoze pou fondasyon vil Wòm. Konfizyon sa a te fè li nesesè pou yo chwazi yon sèl dat ofisyèl pou sèvi kòm pwen depa nan sistèm dat AUC la. Kwonoloji Varronyèn nan, ki te konstwi apati sous ki pa t konplè epi ki te gen yon erè anviwon kat ane lè yo konpare li ak evènman istorik ki te fèt anviwon ane 340 anvan Jezikri, te fikse fondasyon vil la nan dat 21 avril 753 anvan Jezikri. Dat sa a, ki sanble te jwenn atravè kalkil matematik epi ki te aksepte ak yon diferans posib yon ane pa Fasti Capitolini nan epòk Anperè Ogis la, vin tounen dat tradisyonèl pou fondasyon vil Wòm. Depi nan epòk Klòd ( r. AD Apati r. ) kalkil sa a te ranplase lòt kalkil kontanporen yo. Selebre anivèsè vil la te vin tounen yon pati nan pwopagann enperyal la. Klòd te premye moun ki te òganize selebrasyon mayifik an onore anivèsè vil la, nan ane 41 a.K.&nbsp;47, <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://oxfordre.com/classics/display/10.1093/acrefore/9780199381135.001.0001/acrefore-9780199381135-e-8233|title=saeculum|last=Bilynskyj Dunning|first=Susan|date=20 November 2017|website=Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Classics|publisher=Oxford University Press|doi=10.1093/acrefore/9780199381135.013.8233|isbn=978-0-19-938113-5}}</ref> uit san ane depi fondasyon vil la. Hadrian, nan AD&nbsp;121, ak Antoninus Pius, nan AD&nbsp;147 ak AD&nbsp;148, te fè selebrasyon menm jan an respektivman. Nan lane 248 aprè Jezikri, Filip Arab la te selebre premye [[milenè]] Wòm nan, ansanm ak Ludi saeculares pou swadizan dizyèm saecula Wòm nan. Pyès monnen ki soti nan rèy li yo te komemore selebrasyon yo. Yon pyès monnen ki soti nan yon kandida pou twòn enperyal la, Pacatianus, di klèman "[a]ne mil e en", ki se yon endikasyon ke sitwayen anpi a te gen yon sans kòmansman yon nouvo epòk, yon ''Sæculum Novum'' . == Epòk kalandriye a == Nimewotasyon ane Anno Domini (AD) la te devlope pa yon mwàn ki rele Dionysius Exiguus nan Wòm nan AD 525 (AUC 1278), kòm rezilta travay li sou kalkil dat Pak la. Denys pa t itilize konvansyon AUC a, men li te baze kalkil li yo sou epòk Dioklesyen an . Konvansyon sa a te an vigè depi AD&nbsp;293, ane tetrachi a, paske li te vin enpratik pou itilize ane rèy anperè aktyèl la. Nan tablo Pak li a, ane AD 532 (AUC 1285) te egal ak 248yèm ane rèy Diocletian . Tablo a te konte ane yo apati nesans swadizan Kris la, olye de aksansyon anperè Diocletian nan dat 20 novanm AD.&nbsp;284 oswa, jan Dionysius di: {{Lang|la|"sed magis elegimus ab incarnatione Domini nostri Jesu Christi annorum tempora praenotare"}} ("men pito nou chwazi nonmen epòk ane yo apati enkarnasyon Senyè nou an, Jezikri"). Blackburn ak Holford-Strevens revize entèpretasyon Denyis ki mete Enkarnasyon an nan 2&nbsp;BC, 1&nbsp;BC, oubyen AD&nbsp;1. Ane AD a&nbsp;1 koresponn ak AUC 754, ki baze sou epòk Varro a. Kidonk: {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="2" |Year ! colspan="1" rowspan="2" |Event |- !AUC !BC/AD |- |1 |753 BC |fondasyon lavil Wòm |- |244 |510 BC |Ranvèsman monachi Women an |- |259 |495 BC |Lanmò nan ekzil wa Lucius Tarquinius Superbus |- |490 |264 BC |Lage Punic yo |- |709 |45 BC |Premyè ane [[Kalandriye jilyen|Julian calendar]] |- |710 |44 BC | Julius Caesar te touye |- |727 |27 BC |[[Auguste|Augustus]] vin premyè Anperè Women an, e komanse Principate a |- |753 |1 BC |Ane Astronomik 0 |- |754 |AD 1 |Apwoksimatif dat nesans [[Jezi]], apwoksimatif pa Dionysius Exiguus nan AD 525 (AUC 1278) |- |832 |AD 79 |Eripsyon Mòn Veziviyis la, ak destriksyon Pompei ak Èkilan |- |901 |AD 148 |anperè Antoninus Pius te prezide selebrasyon 900yèm anivèsè fondasyon lavil Wòm. |- |1000 |AD 247 |1000yèm anivèsè vil Wòm (men an reyalite se 999yèm) |- |1001 |AD 248 |nan mwa avril 248 AD (avril 1001 A.U.C.), anperè Filip te gen onè pou l dirije selebrasyon milyèm anivèsè Wòm. |- |1037 |AD 284 |Diocletian vin anpère women, e komanse Dominate a |- |1229 |AD 476 |[[Tonbe Anpi Women Lwès la]] anba lame [[Odoakè]] yo |- |1246 |AD 493 |Etablisman [[Wayòm Ostrogotik]] la |- |1306 |AD 553 |[[Itali]] anba [[kontwòl Women Lès yo]] |- |1507 |AD 754 |Eta Papal yo fondasyon |- |1553 |AD 800 |Kreyasyon [[Sen Anpi Women]] an |- |1930 |AD 1177 |Eta Papal yo te vin endepandan de Sen Anpi Women an |- |1824 |AD 1071 |Defèt Women Lès yo nan batay Manzikert la |- |1957 |AD 1204 |Sak Konstantinòp pa Kwazad yo |- |2000 |AD 1247 | - - |- |2206 |AD 1453 |Tonbe Anpi Women Lès la |- |2335 |AD 1582 |Premye ane nan [[kalandriye gregoryen]] an |- |2247-2312 |AD 1494-1559 |Lagè Italyen yo |- |2545-2554 |AD 1792-1801 |Kanpay Italyen yo nan Gè Revolisyonè Fransè yo |- |2556-2568 |AD 1803-1815 |[[Lagè Napoleonik yo]] (epi [[Ayiti]] te jwenn endepandans nan peryòd sa a!) |- |2601-2624 |AD 1848-1871 |[[Inifikasyon Italyen an]] |- |2623 |AD 1870 | - - |- |2667–2671 |AD 1914–1918 |[[Premyè Gè mondyal|Premye Gè Mondyal la]] |- |2682 |AD 1929 |yo fè [[Vatikan|Vatikan an]] |- |2692–2698 |AD 1939–1945 |[[Dezyèm Gè mondyal]] |- |2699 |AD 1946 |yo fè [[Itali|Italian Republic]] |- |2711 |AD 1958 |Italy ale nan [[Inyon Ewopeyèn|European Union]]. |- |2778 |AD 2025 |'''Last year''' |- |2779 |AD 2026 |'''kounye a''' |- |2780 |AD 2027 |'''Next year''' |} == Gade tou == * Epòk kalandriye a * Istwa Itali * Lis fraz laten yo * [[Kalandriye women|Kalandriye Women an]] == Referans == {{Referans|30em}} [[Kategori:Kwonoloji]] mkhplom5s6gu40prb710rn7ng0ovtbn 1 97688 882795 2026-07-15T05:49:24Z 1104s72 38991 /* Non atik */ nouvelle section 882795 wikitext text/x-wiki == Non atik == Yo ta dwe chanje non sa a pou "Tung Shing", mwen te fè yon erè avk non an e mwen pa konn kijan m ka chanjel [[Itilizatè:1104s72|1104s72]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:1104s72|diskisyon]]) 15 jiyè 2026 à 05:49 (UTC) dz7jt8y4zrua3ewlrm3de0iv24s896x 0 97689 882796 2026-07-15T05:51:50Z 1104s72 38991 Paj ki kreye ak " gade [[Kalandriye ejiryen]] " 882796 wikitext text/x-wiki gade [[Kalandriye ejiryen]] 6eq3p6l65e7lxqe5h3r4cvbldmwyhdu 0 97690 882797 2026-07-15T05:53:30Z 1104s72 38991 Paj ki kreye ak " gade [[Kalandriye ebrayik]] " 882797 wikitext text/x-wiki gade [[Kalandriye ebrayik]] h1rx1scjmy8eq9c4v9ys756erw6qvim 0 97691 882798 2026-07-15T05:56:36Z TheBigD Afro lingo Community Revitalizer 39823 Li kreye pa tradui paj « [[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1363166697|2026 United States House of Representatives elections in Texas]] » 882798 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Infobox election/styles.css"></templatestyles>  Eleksyon Chanm Reprezantan Etazini nan Texas la ap fèt nan dat 3 novanm 2026, pou eli 38 reprezantan eta a, youn pou chak nan 38 distri kongrèsyonèl li yo. Eleksyon sa yo ap koresponn ak lòt eleksyon pou Chanm Reprezantan ak Sena Etazini, ansanm ak plizyè eleksyon eta ak lokal. Eleksyon primè a te fèt nan dat 3 mas 2026, epi nan kous kote okenn kandida pa t resevwa plis pase 50% nan vòt yo nan eleksyon primè a, eleksyon dezyèm tou an te fèt nan dat 26 me. Nan dat 9 jiyè 2025, gouvènman eta Texas la te anonse ke pandan yon sesyon espesyal ki te prevwa pou 21 jiyè ane sa a, li t apral abòde redistribisyon mitan deseni an . [[Mezon Blanch]] lan te pouse sa an prive pou ede Repibliken yo kenbe kontwòl Chanm Reprezantan an nan lane 2026, e kritik yo te kalifye li kòm yon gerrymander . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gov.texas.gov/news/post/governor-abbott-announces-special-session-agenda-|title=Governor Abbott Announces Special Session Agenda}}</ref> Nan dat 20 out 2025, Chanm Reprezantan Texas la te pase kat kongrèsyonèl ki ta vize senk plas Demokrat yo. Vòt la te 88 kont 52, yon vòt dapre liy pati a. Nouvo kat la chanje teritwa reprezantan Demokrat yo Marc Veasey, Vicente Gonzalez, Lloyd Doggett, Julie Johnson, ak Al Green . Nan dat 23 out 2025, Sena Texas la te pase kat la ak yon vòt 18 kont 8. Gouvènè Greg Abbott te siyen kat la pou fè l tounen lwa, e pakonsekan se li menm ki pral itilize nan eleksyon Chanm Reprezantan 2026 yo nan Texas. [[Fichye:Texas_Congressional_Districts,_120th_Congress_(PLANC2333).svg|vignette|143Kat jeyografik distri kongrèsyonèl Texas yo, jan Gouvènè Texas la te vote l nan dat 29 out 2025. Vèsyon entèaktif kat la. Interactive map version]] [[Fichye:2026_Texas_U.S._House_of_Representatives_elections_retirements_or_losses_of_renomination_map.svg|vignette|250x250px|Manm ki deja pran retrèt yo pa distri<br /><br /><br /><br />     Pati Demokrat ki te deja nan pozisyon sa a te kandida<br /><br /><br /><br />     Patisipan Demokrat la pran retrèt oswa pèdi renominasyon an<br /><br /><br /><br />     Depite Repibliken an te kandida<br /><br /><br /><br />     Kandida Repibliken an pran retrèt oswa pèdi renominasyon an<br /><br /><br /><br />     Moun ki te vid oswa pa t gen moun ki te la pou l te kandida]]  <templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css" /> hbfuiydvhn0uwjnk8ckgbp8nnb0ugbt 882799 882798 2026-07-15T05:56:56Z TheBigD Afro lingo Community Revitalizer 39823 882799 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Eleksyon Chanm Reprezantan Etazini''' nan Texas la ap fèt nan dat 3 novanm 2026, pou eli 38 reprezantan eta a, youn pou chak nan 38 distri kongrèsyonèl li yo. Eleksyon sa yo ap koresponn ak lòt eleksyon pou Chanm Reprezantan ak Sena Etazini, ansanm ak plizyè eleksyon eta ak lokal. Eleksyon primè a te fèt nan dat 3 mas 2026, epi nan kous kote okenn kandida pa t resevwa plis pase 50% nan vòt yo nan eleksyon primè a, eleksyon dezyèm tou an te fèt nan dat 26 me. Nan dat 9 jiyè 2025, gouvènman eta Texas la te anonse ke pandan yon sesyon espesyal ki te prevwa pou 21 jiyè ane sa a, li t apral abòde redistribisyon mitan deseni an . [[Mezon Blanch]] lan te pouse sa an prive pou ede Repibliken yo kenbe kontwòl Chanm Reprezantan an nan lane 2026, e kritik yo te kalifye li kòm yon gerrymander . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gov.texas.gov/news/post/governor-abbott-announces-special-session-agenda-|title=Governor Abbott Announces Special Session Agenda}}</ref> Nan dat 20 out 2025, Chanm Reprezantan Texas la te pase kat kongrèsyonèl ki ta vize senk plas Demokrat yo. Vòt la te 88 kont 52, yon vòt dapre liy pati a. Nouvo kat la chanje teritwa reprezantan Demokrat yo Marc Veasey, Vicente Gonzalez, Lloyd Doggett, Julie Johnson, ak Al Green . Nan dat 23 out 2025, Sena Texas la te pase kat la ak yon vòt 18 kont 8. Gouvènè Greg Abbott te siyen kat la pou fè l tounen lwa, e pakonsekan se li menm ki pral itilize nan eleksyon Chanm Reprezantan 2026 yo nan Texas. [[Fichye:Texas_Congressional_Districts,_120th_Congress_(PLANC2333).svg|vignette|143Kat jeyografik distri kongrèsyonèl Texas yo, jan Gouvènè Texas la te vote l nan dat 29 out 2025. Vèsyon entèaktif kat la. Interactive map version]] [[Fichye:2026_Texas_U.S._House_of_Representatives_elections_retirements_or_losses_of_renomination_map.svg|vignette|250x250px|Manm ki deja pran retrèt yo pa distri<br /><br /><br /><br />     Pati Demokrat ki te deja nan pozisyon sa a te kandida<br /><br /><br /><br />     Patisipan Demokrat la pran retrèt oswa pèdi renominasyon an<br /><br /><br /><br />     Depite Repibliken an te kandida<br /><br /><br /><br />     Kandida Repibliken an pran retrèt oswa pèdi renominasyon an<br /><br /><br /><br />     Moun ki te vid oswa pa t gen moun ki te la pou l te kandida]]  <templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css" /> pw7884r4d2i3bxm44aetroxu8x82d1j 882800 882799 2026-07-15T05:58:38Z TheBigD Afro lingo Community Revitalizer 39823 882800 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Eleksyon Chanm Reprezantan Etazini''' nan Texas la ap fèt nan dat 3 novanm 2026, pou eli 38 reprezantan eta a, youn pou chak nan 38 distri kongrèsyonèl li yo. Eleksyon sa yo ap koresponn ak lòt eleksyon pou Chanm Reprezantan ak Sena Etazini, ansanm ak plizyè eleksyon eta ak lokal. Eleksyon primè a te fèt nan dat 3 mas 2026, epi nan kous kote okenn kandida pa t resevwa plis pase 50% nan vòt yo nan eleksyon primè a, eleksyon dezyèm tou an te fèt nan dat 26 me.[[Fichye:Texas_Congressional_Districts,_120th_Congress_(PLANC2333).svg|vignette|143Kat jeyografik distri kongrèsyonèl Texas yo, jan Gouvènè Texas la te vote l nan dat 29 out 2025. Vèsyon entèaktif kat la. Interactive map version]] Nan dat 9 jiyè 2025, gouvènman eta Texas la te anonse ke pandan yon sesyon espesyal ki te prevwa pou 21 jiyè ane sa a, li t apral abòde redistribisyon mitan deseni an . [[Mezon Blanch]] lan te pouse sa an prive pou ede Repibliken yo kenbe kontwòl Chanm Reprezantan an nan lane 2026, e kritik yo te kalifye li kòm yon gerrymander . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gov.texas.gov/news/post/governor-abbott-announces-special-session-agenda-|title=Governor Abbott Announces Special Session Agenda}}</ref> Nan dat 20 out 2025, Chanm Reprezantan Texas la te pase kat kongrèsyonèl ki ta vize senk plas Demokrat yo. Vòt la te 88 kont 52, yon vòt dapre liy pati a. Nouvo kat la chanje teritwa reprezantan Demokrat yo Marc Veasey, Vicente Gonzalez, Lloyd Doggett, Julie Johnson, ak Al Green . Nan dat 23 out 2025, Sena Texas la te pase kat la ak yon vòt 18 kont 8. Gouvènè Greg Abbott te siyen kat la pou fè l tounen lwa, e pakonsekan se li menm ki pral itilize nan eleksyon Chanm Reprezantan 2026 yo nan Texas[[Fichye:2026_Texas_U.S._House_of_Representatives_elections_retirements_or_losses_of_renomination_map.svg|vignette|250x250px|Manm ki deja pran retrèt yo pa distri<br /><br /><br /><br />     Pati Demokrat ki te deja nan pozisyon sa a te kandida<br /><br /><br /><br />     Patisipan Demokrat la pran retrèt oswa pèdi renominasyon an<br /><br /><br /><br />     Depite Repibliken an te kandida<br /><br /><br /><br />     Kandida Repibliken an pran retrèt oswa pèdi renominasyon an<br /><br /><br /><br />     Moun ki te vid oswa pa t gen moun ki te la pou l te kandida]]   640e4ijbpmuu8dwxfb71u03eep73zut 882803 882800 2026-07-15T06:02:02Z TheBigD Afro lingo Community Revitalizer 39823 882803 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''''2026 United States House of Representatives elections in Texas''''' nan Texas la ap fèt nan dat 3 novanm 2026, pou eli 38 reprezantan eta a, youn pou chak nan 38 distri kongrèsyonèl li yo. Eleksyon sa yo ap koresponn ak lòt eleksyon pou Chanm Reprezantan ak Sena Etazini, ansanm ak plizyè eleksyon eta ak lokal. Eleksyon primè a te fèt nan dat 3 mas 2026, epi nan kous kote okenn kandida pa t resevwa plis pase 50% nan vòt yo nan eleksyon primè a, eleksyon dezyèm tou an te fèt nan dat 26 me.[[Fichye:Texas_Congressional_Districts,_120th_Congress_(PLANC2333).svg|vignette|143Kat jeyografik distri kongrèsyonèl Texas yo, jan Gouvènè Texas la te vote l nan dat 29 out 2025. Vèsyon entèaktif kat la. Interactive map version]] Nan dat 9 jiyè 2025, gouvènman eta Texas la te anonse ke pandan yon sesyon espesyal ki te prevwa pou 21 jiyè ane sa a, li t apral abòde redistribisyon mitan deseni an . [[Mezon Blanch]] lan te pouse sa an prive pou ede Repibliken yo kenbe kontwòl Chanm Reprezantan an nan lane 2026, e kritik yo te kalifye li kòm yon gerrymander . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gov.texas.gov/news/post/governor-abbott-announces-special-session-agenda-|title=Governor Abbott Announces Special Session Agenda}}</ref> Nan dat 20 out 2025, Chanm Reprezantan Texas la te pase kat kongrèsyonèl ki ta vize senk plas Demokrat yo. Vòt la te 88 kont 52, yon vòt dapre liy pati a. Nouvo kat la chanje teritwa reprezantan Demokrat yo Marc Veasey, Vicente Gonzalez, Lloyd Doggett, Julie Johnson, ak Al Green . Nan dat 23 out 2025, Sena Texas la te pase kat la ak yon vòt 18 kont 8. Gouvènè Greg Abbott te siyen kat la pou fè l tounen lwa, e pakonsekan se li menm ki pral itilize nan eleksyon Chanm Reprezantan 2026 yo nan Texas[[Fichye:2026_Texas_U.S._House_of_Representatives_elections_retirements_or_losses_of_renomination_map.svg|vignette|250x250px|Manm ki deja pran retrèt yo pa distri<br /><br /><br /><br />     Pati Demokrat ki te deja nan pozisyon sa a te kandida<br /><br /><br /><br />     Patisipan Demokrat la pran retrèt oswa pèdi renominasyon an<br /><br /><br /><br />     Depite Repibliken an te kandida<br /><br /><br /><br />     Kandida Repibliken an pran retrèt oswa pèdi renominasyon an<br /><br /><br /><br />     Moun ki te vid oswa pa t gen moun ki te la pou l te kandida]]   9atvq1nhb3vez2vp22yev9w1k715xed 882804 882803 2026-07-15T06:02:25Z TheBigD Afro lingo Community Revitalizer 39823 882804 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''''2026 United States House of Representatives elections''''' nan Texas la ap fèt nan dat 3 novanm 2026, pou eli 38 reprezantan eta a, youn pou chak nan 38 distri kongrèsyonèl li yo. Eleksyon sa yo ap koresponn ak lòt eleksyon pou Chanm Reprezantan ak Sena Etazini, ansanm ak plizyè eleksyon eta ak lokal. Eleksyon primè a te fèt nan dat 3 mas 2026, epi nan kous kote okenn kandida pa t resevwa plis pase 50% nan vòt yo nan eleksyon primè a, eleksyon dezyèm tou an te fèt nan dat 26 me.[[Fichye:Texas_Congressional_Districts,_120th_Congress_(PLANC2333).svg|vignette|143Kat jeyografik distri kongrèsyonèl Texas yo, jan Gouvènè Texas la te vote l nan dat 29 out 2025. Vèsyon entèaktif kat la. Interactive map version]] Nan dat 9 jiyè 2025, gouvènman eta Texas la te anonse ke pandan yon sesyon espesyal ki te prevwa pou 21 jiyè ane sa a, li t apral abòde redistribisyon mitan deseni an . [[Mezon Blanch]] lan te pouse sa an prive pou ede Repibliken yo kenbe kontwòl Chanm Reprezantan an nan lane 2026, e kritik yo te kalifye li kòm yon gerrymander . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gov.texas.gov/news/post/governor-abbott-announces-special-session-agenda-|title=Governor Abbott Announces Special Session Agenda}}</ref> Nan dat 20 out 2025, Chanm Reprezantan Texas la te pase kat kongrèsyonèl ki ta vize senk plas Demokrat yo. Vòt la te 88 kont 52, yon vòt dapre liy pati a. Nouvo kat la chanje teritwa reprezantan Demokrat yo Marc Veasey, Vicente Gonzalez, Lloyd Doggett, Julie Johnson, ak Al Green . Nan dat 23 out 2025, Sena Texas la te pase kat la ak yon vòt 18 kont 8. Gouvènè Greg Abbott te siyen kat la pou fè l tounen lwa, e pakonsekan se li menm ki pral itilize nan eleksyon Chanm Reprezantan 2026 yo nan Texas[[Fichye:2026_Texas_U.S._House_of_Representatives_elections_retirements_or_losses_of_renomination_map.svg|vignette|250x250px|Manm ki deja pran retrèt yo pa distri<br /><br /><br /><br />     Pati Demokrat ki te deja nan pozisyon sa a te kandida<br /><br /><br /><br />     Patisipan Demokrat la pran retrèt oswa pèdi renominasyon an<br /><br /><br /><br />     Depite Repibliken an te kandida<br /><br /><br /><br />     Kandida Repibliken an pran retrèt oswa pèdi renominasyon an<br /><br /><br /><br />     Moun ki te vid oswa pa t gen moun ki te la pou l te kandida]]   6fbtpcokynjxl6cre1fd3v2hmk9kvqn 0 97692 882801 2026-07-15T05:59:49Z 1104s72 38991 Li kreye pa tradui paj « [[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1346154515|Runic calendar]] » 882801 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fichye:Sami_Runic_Calendar_studied_by_Eirikr_Magnusson_published_1877.jpg|vignette|300x300px|Kalandriye runik Furthark ki pi jèn yo.]] [[Fichye:Ancient_runic_calendar_from_Sāmsala.jpg|vignette|300x300px|Kalandriye runik ki soti nan zile Saaremaa nan Estoni, avèk chak mwa sou yon tablo an bwa apa.]] '''Kalandriye runik''' (yo rele l tou '''baton runik''' oswa '''alamanak runik''') se yon kalandriye pèmanan ki te itilize nan plizyè vèsyon atravè Nò Ewòp jouk nan 19yèm syèk la. Yon kalandriye runik tipik te gen plizyè liy orizontal senbòl youn anlè lòt. Senbòl sa yo te sèvi pou detèmine ki jou nan semèn nan pou nenpòt dat nan ane kalandriye '''Gregoryen''' an (oswa '''Julien''' an), epi tou pou prevwa faz lalin yo. Jou espesyal tankou '''solstis''', '''ekinòks''', ak divès selebrasyon (tankou fèt ak jou ferye kretyen yo) te make ak lòt liy senbòl espesyal.<blockquote>Kalandriye runik yo te ekri sou '''parchmen''' oswa yo te grave sou baton ki fèt ak bwa, zo, oswa kòn. Pi ansyen kalandriye runik yo konnen, epi sèl ki soti nan Mwayennaj yo, se yon baton yo te jwenn nan '''Nyköping''', nan Syèd, yo kwè ki soti nan 13yèm syèk la. Pifò nan plizyè milye kalandriye runik ki rive jouk jounen jodi a se kalandriye an bwa ki soti nan 16yèm ak 17yèm syèk yo. Pandan 18yèm syèk la, kalandriye runik yo te vin popilè ankò kòm objè istorik, e yo te fabrike kèk nan anviwon ane 1800 sou fòm bwat tabak ki fèt an kwiv.</blockquote> == Mak == Sou yon liy, 52&nbsp;semèn 7&nbsp;jou yo te ranje lè l sèvi avèk 52&nbsp;repetisyon sèt premye run yo nan Younger Futhark la. Run ki koresponn ak chak jou lasemèn yo te varye de ane a ane. Sou yon lòt liy, anpil nan jou yo te make ak youn nan 19 yo.&nbsp;senbòl ki reprezante 19 la&nbsp;Nimewo an lò, pou ane sik Metonik la. Nan premye kalandriye yo, chak nan 19 yo&nbsp;Ane nan sik la te reprezante pa yon run; premye 16 yo te 16 la&nbsp;run nan Younger Futhark la, plis twa run espesyal ki te enprovize pou twa ane ki rete yo:[[Fichye:Arlaug.svg|20x20px]] ( ''árlaug'' ; Nimewo an lò&nbsp;17),[[Fichye:Tvimadur.gif|20x20px]] ( ''nimewo an lò'' ; nimewo an lò&nbsp;18), ak[[Fichye:Belgthor.svg|20x20px]] ( ''belgørr'' ; Nimewo an lò&nbsp;19). Nan lane 1636, Ole Worm te dokimante sistèm nimerik Younger Futhark la, ki gen ladan twa karaktè sa yo, nan ''Runir seu Danica literatura antiquissima'' li a ( ''Run: pi ansyen literati danwa a'' ). Nouvo lin lan ta toujou tonbe nan jou ki gen menm nimewo ak ane sik la. Pa egzanp, nan 18yèm lan&nbsp;ane sik la, nouvèl lin yo ta tonbe sou tout dat ki make ak ''tvímaðr'', senbòl pou ane a&nbsp;18. Kalandriye ki te vin apre yo te itilize chif pentadik pou valè yo.&nbsp;1–19. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align=center" |Arab | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 an | 19 |- | Nimewo an lò | {{runic|ᚠ}} | {{runic|ᚢ}} | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |} Yo te enprime yon vèsyon ki te itilize [[Alfhabèt latein|alfabè laten]] an pou jou lasemèn yo ak chif arab pou chif an lò yo an 1498 kòm yon pati nan ''Breviarium Scarense'' la. == Primstav == [[Fichye:Primstav_2.jpg|droite|vignette|345x345px|Primstav ki soti Hallingdal ak blason Nòvèj, 17yèm syèk&nbsp;syèk.]] Yon '''primstav''' se ansyen baton kalandriye Nòvejyen an . Yo te grave imaj sou yo olye de run. Imaj yo te reprezante diferan jou ferye relijye ki pa deplase yo. Primstav ki pi ansyen ki toujou egziste a soti nan lane 1457 epi li konsève nan Mize Nasyonal Denmark lan . == Itilizasyon modèn == Depi 1978, patizan relijyon etnik [[Estoni|Estonyen an]] ( ''Maausk'' ) pibliye kalandriye runik Estonyen an, yo rele l sirvikalender, chak ane. Jiska 1991, kalandriye a te yon piblikasyon ''samizdat'' ilegal anba gouvènman [[Inyon Repiblik Sosyalis Sovyetik|Sovyetik]] la. == Gade tou == * Kalkil Runik * Kalandriye jèrmanik * Lis wòch runik yo * Nasyonalsiklopedin * Nepe fo * Lèt dominikal == Referans == {{Referans}} dx1kf2k4vd9pg4k782e7n87hc6ziac9 882802 882801 2026-07-15T06:00:09Z 1104s72 38991 882802 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fichye:Sami_Runic_Calendar_studied_by_Eirikr_Magnusson_published_1877.jpg|vignette|300x300px|Kalandriye runik Furthark ki pi jèn yo.]] [[Fichye:Ancient_runic_calendar_from_Sāmsala.jpg|vignette|300x300px|Kalandriye runik ki soti nan zile Saaremaa nan Estoni, avèk chak mwa sou yon tablo an bwa apa.]] '''Kalandriye runik''' (yo rele l tou '''baton runik''' oswa '''alamanak runik''') se yon kalandriye pèmanan ki te itilize nan plizyè vèsyon atravè Nò Ewòp jouk nan 19yèm syèk la. Yon kalandriye runik tipik te gen plizyè liy orizontal senbòl youn anlè lòt. Senbòl sa yo te sèvi pou detèmine ki jou nan semèn nan pou nenpòt dat nan ane kalandriye '''Gregoryen''' an (oswa '''Julien''' an), epi tou pou prevwa faz lalin yo. Jou espesyal tankou '''solstis''', '''ekinòks''', ak divès selebrasyon (tankou fèt ak jou ferye kretyen yo) te make ak lòt liy senbòl espesyal. Kalandriye runik yo te ekri sou '''parchmen''' oswa yo te grave sou baton ki fèt ak bwa, zo, oswa kòn. Pi ansyen kalandriye runik yo konnen, epi sèl ki soti nan Mwayennaj yo, se yon baton yo te jwenn nan '''Nyköping''', nan Syèd, yo kwè ki soti nan 13yèm syèk la. Pifò nan plizyè milye kalandriye runik ki rive jouk jounen jodi a se kalandriye an bwa ki soti nan 16yèm ak 17yèm syèk yo. Pandan 18yèm syèk la, kalandriye runik yo te vin popilè ankò kòm objè istorik, e yo te fabrike kèk nan anviwon ane 1800 sou fòm bwat tabak ki fèt an kwiv. == Mak == Sou yon liy, 52&nbsp;semèn 7&nbsp;jou yo te ranje lè l sèvi avèk 52&nbsp;repetisyon sèt premye run yo nan Younger Futhark la. Run ki koresponn ak chak jou lasemèn yo te varye de ane a ane. Sou yon lòt liy, anpil nan jou yo te make ak youn nan 19 yo.&nbsp;senbòl ki reprezante 19 la&nbsp;Nimewo an lò, pou ane sik Metonik la. Nan premye kalandriye yo, chak nan 19 yo&nbsp;Ane nan sik la te reprezante pa yon run; premye 16 yo te 16 la&nbsp;run nan Younger Futhark la, plis twa run espesyal ki te enprovize pou twa ane ki rete yo:[[Fichye:Arlaug.svg|20x20px]] ( ''árlaug'' ; Nimewo an lò&nbsp;17),[[Fichye:Tvimadur.gif|20x20px]] ( ''nimewo an lò'' ; nimewo an lò&nbsp;18), ak[[Fichye:Belgthor.svg|20x20px]] ( ''belgørr'' ; Nimewo an lò&nbsp;19). Nan lane 1636, Ole Worm te dokimante sistèm nimerik Younger Futhark la, ki gen ladan twa karaktè sa yo, nan ''Runir seu Danica literatura antiquissima'' li a ( ''Run: pi ansyen literati danwa a'' ). Nouvo lin lan ta toujou tonbe nan jou ki gen menm nimewo ak ane sik la. Pa egzanp, nan 18yèm lan&nbsp;ane sik la, nouvèl lin yo ta tonbe sou tout dat ki make ak ''tvímaðr'', senbòl pou ane a&nbsp;18. Kalandriye ki te vin apre yo te itilize chif pentadik pou valè yo.&nbsp;1–19. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align=center" |Arab | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 an | 19 |- | Nimewo an lò | {{runic|ᚠ}} | {{runic|ᚢ}} | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |} Yo te enprime yon vèsyon ki te itilize [[Alfhabèt latein|alfabè laten]] an pou jou lasemèn yo ak chif arab pou chif an lò yo an 1498 kòm yon pati nan ''Breviarium Scarense'' la. == Primstav == [[Fichye:Primstav_2.jpg|droite|vignette|345x345px|Primstav ki soti Hallingdal ak blason Nòvèj, 17yèm syèk&nbsp;syèk.]] Yon '''primstav''' se ansyen baton kalandriye Nòvejyen an . Yo te grave imaj sou yo olye de run. Imaj yo te reprezante diferan jou ferye relijye ki pa deplase yo. Primstav ki pi ansyen ki toujou egziste a soti nan lane 1457 epi li konsève nan Mize Nasyonal Denmark lan . == Itilizasyon modèn == Depi 1978, patizan relijyon etnik [[Estoni|Estonyen an]] ( ''Maausk'' ) pibliye kalandriye runik Estonyen an, yo rele l sirvikalender, chak ane. Jiska 1991, kalandriye a te yon piblikasyon ''samizdat'' ilegal anba gouvènman [[Inyon Repiblik Sosyalis Sovyetik|Sovyetik]] la. == Gade tou == * Kalkil Runik * Kalandriye jèrmanik * Lis wòch runik yo * Nasyonalsiklopedin * Nepe fo * Lèt dominikal == Referans == {{Referans}} i1kwnx6sb29ojb0awl93u6vz7opwakx 0 97693 882805 2026-07-15T06:17:45Z 1104s72 38991 Li kreye pa tradui paj « [[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1342110665|José Contreras]] » 882805 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Referans|30em}}Contreras te jwe pou Pinar del Río Vegueros nan CNS la, epi li te konpetisyon pou ekip nasyonal Kiben an nan Je Olenpik Ete yo, Je Panameriken yo, Koup di Mond Bezbòl la, ak seri egzibisyon 1999 la kont Baltimore Orioles yo. Yo te rekonèt Contreras kòm pi bon jwè bezbòl Kiben an, li te kite Kiba an 2002. Contreras te siyen ak New York Yankees nan MLB apre li te fin kite ekip la, epi li te jwe pou yo an 2003 ak 2004 Li te jwe tou nan MLB pou Chicago White Sox ( 2009 ), Colorado Rockies ( 2012 ), Philadelphia Phillies ( 2010 ), ak Pittsburgh Pirates ( 2013 ). == Karyè Kiben an == Anplis tan li te pase ak ekip nasyonal Kiba a, '''José Contreras''' te jwe tou pou '''Pinar del Río Vegueros''' nan '''Seri Nasyonal Kiben''' an. Nan dènye sezon li te jwe ann Kiba (2001–2002), li te fini ak yon dosye '''13 viktwa ak 4 defèt''', yon mwayèn pwen li te bay (ERA) '''1.76''', ansanm ak '''149 retrèt sou frap (strikeouts)'''. Sou twa okazyon diferan, yo te nonmen Contreras kòm '''Atlèt Ane a nan Kiba''' Nan mwa mas 1999, Contreras te lanse pou ekip bezbòl nasyonal Kiben an kont Baltimore Orioles yo nan yon seri match egzibisyon nan Estadio Latinoamericano nan [[La Avàn|Lahavàn]] . Contreras te lanse uit manche san boul epi li te fè dis strikeout . Se lè sa a ke scout Lig Majè yo te remake lanseur Kiben an. "Apre match Orioles yo a, [Contreras] te nonm ki te nan Kiba a," te di Joe Kehoskie, ki te yon ajan pou moun ki te kite ekip Kiben yo lè sa a. == Defèksyon == Contreras te kite Kiba an Oktòb 2002 pandan l t ap lanse pou ekip nasyonal Kiben an pandan Seri Amerik yo nan Saltillo, Coahuila, [[Meksik]] . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www2.ljworld.com/news/2002/oct/05/baseball_briefs/|title=Baseball Briefs|date=October 5, 2002|website=[[Lawrence Journal-World]]|access-date=December 8, 2006}}</ref> Defèt Contreras la te deklanche yon foli medya, paske yo te konsidere li kòm yon fidèl e li pa t montre okenn enterè anvan pou l kite pou MLB. "Li te imaj prensipal espò Castro yo pandan yon bon bout tan," Kehoskie te di. Kèk jou apre defèksyon li, Larry Lucchino, ki te prezidan Boston Red Sox nan epòk la, te di Contreras t ap "yon jwè ki pral lanse nan dezyèm oubyen twazyèm plas nan gwo lig yo." == Karyè nan Lig Majò Bezbòl la == === Yankee Nouyòk yo === Yankees yo te siyen yon kontra katran ak 32 milyon dola ak Contreras nan dat 26 desanm 2002. José Contreras te fini sezon an ak 7 viktwa ak 2 defèt, epi li te anrejistre yon mwayèn pwen li te bay (ERA) 3.30 nan 18 match (9 ladan yo kòm lansè kòmansman). Sepandan, li te pase de mwa sou lis blese yo akòz yon blesi nan misk subscapularis la. Li te fè kat pasaj nan lig minè yo, epi pandan sezon an yo te itilize l pafwa kòm lansè kòmansman, pafwa kòm lansè sekou. Lè li te kòmanse match yo, li te gen yon dosye 6 viktwa ak 1 defèt, ak yon ERA 2.34. Lè li te sèvi kòm lansè sekou, li te gen 1 viktwa ak 1 defèt, ak yon ERA 7.43. Pi bon pèfòmans li te fèt nan dat 23 septanm sou teren U.S. Cellular Field, kote li te anpeche Chicago White Sox fè okenn pwen pandan uit manch, pandan li te retire nèf frapè sou frap (strikeouts). Contreras te patisipe tou nan uit match faz eliminatwa (playoffs), kote li te lanse yon total 11 manch, li te fini ak yon ERA 5.73, epi li te retire 17 frapè sou frap Yankees yo te mete Contreras nan wotasyon titular yo depi nan kòmansman kan 2004 la, men li pa t konsistan. Yo te chwazi Contreras pou l jwe nan lig minè yo pou apeprè yon mwa (5 me rive 21 me). Pi bon kòmansman li te fèt nan dat 27 jen, kont New York Mets yo. Li te retire dis batè nan strikeout, men sa ki te pi enpòtan pou li se ke pou premye fwa depi li te nan Kiba, Contreras te rive lanse devan ansyen madanm li, Miriam ak pitit fi li yo, Naylan ak Naylenis. === Chicago White Sox yo === Nan dat 31 Jiyè 2004, yo te fè yon echanj ak White Sox yo pou lanseur Esteban Loaiza . Contreras pa t lanse yon fason konsistan pou White Sox yo, jiska fen sezon an. Nan dènye jou sezon an, li te lanse uit manche bezbòl de kou kont Kansas City Royals yo, sa ki te ranpòte 13yèm viktwa li nan sezon an. Li te fini ak yon dosye 13-9, yon ERA 5.50, ak 150 strikeout nan 170. manche ant Nouyòk ak Chikago. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/c/contrjo01.shtml|title=José Contreras Stats|website=[[Baseball-Reference.com]]|language=en|access-date=July 29, 2022}}</ref> [[Fichye:Jose_Contreras_pitching.jpg|vignette|Contreras k ap lanse nan match eliminatwa yo an 2005]] Sezon 2005 la te kòmanse ak rezilta melanje pou Contreras. Contreras te kòmanse sezon an ak senk match san desizyon youn apre lòt ak yon ERA 3.04, men li te lanse mal apre sa jiska poz All-Star la, ak yon dosye 4-3. Nan premye match apre poz la (14 jiyè), Contreras te lanse trè byen, li te bat Endyen yo 1-0. Contreras te genyen uit dènye match li kòm lansè prensipal. Avèk èd yon lòt Kiben, Orlando Hernández, Contreras te kòmanse bese ang bra li pandan lansè li yo. Contreras te kontribye tou nan twa viktwa nan faz eliminatwa yo ki te mare Andy Pettitte pou pi gwo kantite viktwa nan dezyèm mitan match nan Lig Majè yo ak 11, epi li te lanse premye match konplè Lig Majè li kont Minnesota Twins yo, nan dat 23 septanm. Contreras te fini sezon an 15-7 ak yon ERA 3.61 nan 32 match kòm lansè prensipal, ansanm ak 154 strikeout nan 204 match. manche. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/c/contrjo01.shtml|title=José Contreras Stats|website=[[Baseball-Reference.com]]|language=en|access-date=July 29, 2022}}</ref> [[Fichye:AAAA4577_José_Contreras.jpg|gauche|vignette|300x300px|Contreras kap lanse pou White Sox yo an 2008]] Contreras te kòmanse match nimewo 1 nan chak seri pandan match eliminatwa yo, li te genyen de nan twa match nimewo 1 li te kòmanse yo. Match li te pèdi a se te kont Los Angeles Angels yo, sa ki te pèmèt Contreras ranpòte viktwa a nan match nimewo 5 la, katriyèm match konplè youn apre lòt pou pitche White Sox yo kòm pitcheur prensipal. Contreras te fini 3-1 ak yon ERA 3.09, 14 strikeout, ak sèlman de walk nan kat match kòm pitcheur prensipal pandan faz eliminatwa a. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/gl.fcgi?id=contrjo01&t=p&year=0&post=1|title=José Contreras Postseason Pitching Game Logs|website=[[Baseball-Reference.com]]|language=en|access-date=July 29, 2022}}</ref> Pandan match nimewo 1 Seri Mondyal 2005 la, komentatè televizyon yo te di ke Contreras, ki te kòmanse match la pou White Sox yo, te gen entèdiksyon pou yo pa mansyone non li nan Kiba sou lòd Prezidan [[Fidel Castro]] . Match White Sox yo te entèdi tou nan televizyon Kiben an epi yo te ka wè yo sèlman ak satelit televizyon ilegal. <ref name="wsgm1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ArewsuEIzDk|title=2005 World Series Game 1 Astros @ White Sox|last=Quinn|first=John|website=[[Major League Baseball]]|access-date=March 11, 2019}}</ref> White Sox yo te genyen Seri Mondyal la nan kat match, yo te bale Houston Astros yo. Sezon 2006 la te kòmanse lè José Contreras te siyen yon pwolongasyon kontra pou twa ane ak Chicago White Sox ki te vo 29 milyon dola. Jiska 6 jiyè 2006, li te genyen 9 match san li pa pèdi okenn, ak yon mwayèn pwen li te bay (ERA) 3.31 ansanm ak 71 retrèt sou frap (strikeouts). Nan dat 23 jen, nan yon viktwa 7–4 sou Houston Astros, Contreras te lanse pandan 6⅓ manch epi li te bay kat pwen merite (earned runs), sa ki te pèmèt li ranpòte match la. Viktwa sa a te fè li bat rekò Chicago White Sox la ak 16 viktwa youn apre lòt nan sezon regilye a, yon rekò LaMarr Hoyt (1983–84) ak Wilson Álvarez (1993–94) te deja pataje. Si yo konte depi sezon 2005 la, Contreras te genyen 17 match youn apre lòt anvan li te sibi premye defèt li kont ansyen ekip li a, New York Yankees, nan dat 14 jiyè 2006. Manadjè Chicago White Sox la, Ozzie Guillén, te chwazi Contreras pou fè pati ekip American League All-Star pou ane 2006 la. Men, li pa t kapab patisipe paske li te deja lanse sis manch ak 117 lansman nan yon match ki te fèt sèlman de jou anvan Match Tout Zetwal la. Guillén, ki te manadjè ekip American League la tou, te ranplase li ak debutan Minnesota Twins la, Francisco Liriano. Sa te pèmèt Contreras vin premye lansè nan 30 ane ki te kòmanse de match sezon regilye youn apre lòt selon orè nòmal la. Contreras te soufri yon gwo pwoblèm lè yon ka syatik te mete l sou lis DL pou 15 jou an Me. Anplis de wè seri viktwa pèsonèl li a fini, Contreras te fini sezon an ak 13-7 ak yon ERA 4.27 nan 30 match kòm titular, <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/c/contrjo01.shtml|title=José Contreras Stats|website=[[Baseball-Reference.com]]|language=en|access-date=July 29, 2022}}</ref> ki gen ladan yon ERA 5.40 apre repo All-Star la. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/split.fcgi?id=contrjo01&t=p&year=2006|title=José Contreras 2006 Pitching Splits|website=[[Baseball-Reference.com]]|language=en|access-date=July 30, 2022}}</ref> Contreras te lite anpil nan kanpay 2007 la ansanm ak ekip White Sox ki te desevwa anpil la epi ki te fini katriyèm nan Divizyon Santral Lig Ameriken an. Li te anrejistre yon dosye 10-17 ak yon ERA 5.57 nan 32 match (30 kòm titular). <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/c/contrjo01.shtml|title=José Contreras Stats|website=[[Baseball-Reference.com]]|language=en|access-date=July 29, 2022}}</ref> Yon nòt pozitif pou Contreras se de match san match yo te fè, pi bon rezilta nan karyè li, ki te anrejistre le 10 me kont Minnesota Twins yo ak le 19 septanm kont Kansas City Royals yo. Contreras te pete tandon Achilles li nan dat 9 Out 2008, pandan l tap eseye voye yon boul atè kont Boston Red Sox yo. White Sox yo te mete l sou lis moun ki andikape pou 15 jou a, epi Contreras te fini rate rès sezon an. Apre yon kòmansman sezon 0-5, yo te voye Contreras nan pozisyon bullpen nan dat 9 me 2009. Nan dat 10 me 2009, yo te voye l nan lig minè yo. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mlbtraderumors.com/2009/05/white-sox-to-make-a-decision-on-contreras.html|title=Contreras Sent To Minors|last=Boyle|first=Nat|date=May 10, 2009|website=MLB Trade Rumors|language=en-US|access-date=July 30, 2022}}</ref> Nan dat 12 me 2009, Contreras te pase egzansyon yo epi yo te chwazi l pou l jwe nan ekip Triple-A Charlotte Knights . Nan dat 8 jen 2009, yo te rele Contreras apre premye match yon doub match kont Detroit Tigers yo pou l kòmanse dezyèm match la. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.espn.com/news/story?id=4242152|title=White Sox recall Contreras, give deal to Garcia|date=June 8, 2009|website=[[ESPN]]|language=en|access-date=July 30, 2022}}</ref> Pa aza, yo te rele Jeremy Bonderman tou apre premye match la pou l rankontre Contreras. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://content.usatoday.com/communities/fantasywindup/post/2009/06/67833171/1|title=Today's matchups: Bonderman back on the mound|last=Gardner|first=Steve|date=June 8, 2009|website=[[USA Today]]|access-date=June 8, 2009}}</ref> Contreras te lanse uit manche eksepsyonèl epi li te sèlman bay yon sèl kou ak yon sèl baz sou boul, ak twa strikeout, sa ki te bay premye viktwa li. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/boxes/CHA/CHA200906082.shtml|title=Detroit Tigers at Chicago White Sox Box Score, June 8, 2009|date=June 8, 2009|website=[[Baseball-Reference.com]]|language=en|access-date=July 30, 2022}}</ref> Nan dezyèm match li kòm lanseur apre yon ti tan nan lig minè yo, Contreras te egalman dominan, si se pa plis, pase dènye aparisyon li. Li te ranpòte dezyèm viktwa konsekitif li a, li te lanse uit manche nan bezbòl san touche boul ankò, li te bay de kou ak de baz sou boul pandan l te retire uit batè pa strikeout. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.southsidesox.com/2009/6/13/908566/jose-contreras-earns-his-way-back|title=Jose Contreras Earns His Way Back Into ChiSox Rotation|date=June 13, 2009|website=South Side Sox|publisher=[[SB Nation]]|access-date=April 1, 2014}}</ref> === Wòch Kolorado yo === Nan dat 31 Out 2009, yo te fè yon echanj ak ekip Colorado Rockies pou Contreras te jwenn Brandon Hynick, yon lanseur lig minè. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.espn.com/chicago/story?section=mlb&id=4436350|title=White Sox deal Thome, Contreras|date=September 1, 2009|website=[[ESPN]]|access-date=April 1, 2014}}</ref> Li te vin yon ajan lib apre sezon an. === Filadèlfi Phillies yo === Nan dat 28 janvye 2010, Contreras te siyen yon kontra yon ane pou 1.5 milyon dola ak Philadelphia Phillies yo. Li te lanse nan bullpen olye pou l te yon titilè jan li te fè pandan pifò nan karyè li. Li te anrejistre premye sove karyè li nan dat 15 me kont Milwaukee Brewers apre li te fin pran wòl closer nan men Brad Lidge ki te blese a. Apre sezon 2010 an, Contreras te siyen yon kontra dezan pou 5.5 milyon dola ak yon opsyon pou 2013 pou l rete ak Phillies yo. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.espn.com/mlb/news/story?id=5809988|title=Contreras signs two-year, $5.5M deal with Phils|date=November 15, 2010|website=[[ESPN]]|language=en|access-date=July 30, 2022}}</ref> Nan dat 29 oktòb 2012, Phillies yo te refize opsyon 2013 li a epi li te vin yon ajan lib. Li te fini 1-0 ak yon ERA 5.27 ak 13.2 manche lanse nan 17 match apre li te fin pase pifò nan sezon an sou lis andikape yo. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/c/contrjo01.shtml|title=José Contreras Stats|website=[[Baseball-Reference.com]]|language=en|access-date=July 29, 2022}}</ref> === Pirat Pittsburgh yo === Nan dat 23 fevriye 2013, Contreras te siyen yon kontra lig minè avèk yon envitasyon pou antrennman prentan. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cbssports.com/mlb/news/pirates-sign-jose-contreras-to-minor-league-contract/|title=Pirates sign Jose Contreras to minor-league contract|last=Perry|first=Dayn|date=February 23, 2013|website=[[CBS Sports]]|access-date=April 1, 2014}}</ref> Kontra li te chwazi pou lis lig majè a nan dat 3 me. Li te libere nan dat 13 jen 2013. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mlbtraderumors.com/2013/06/pirates-release-contreras.html|title=Pirates Release Jose Contreras|last=Todd|first=Jeff|date=June 13, 2013|website=MLB Trade Rumors|language=en-US|access-date=July 30, 2022}}</ref> Yo te renouvle kontra Contreras nan dat 17 jen 2013, men pita li te libere ankò nan dat 18 jiyè 2013. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mlb.nbcsports.com/2013/07/18/pirates-release-jose-contreras/|title=Pirates release Jose Contreras|last=Gleeman|first=Aaron|date=July 18, 2013|website=[[NBC Sports]]|language=en-US|access-date=July 30, 2022}}</ref> === Boston Red Sox === Nan dat 19 Jiyè 2013, Boston Red Sox te siyen yon kontra ak Contreras nan lig minè. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mlb.nbcsports.com/2013/07/19/the-red-sox-sign-jose-contreras/|title=The Red Sox sign Jose Contreras and Brandon Lyon|last=Calcaterra|first=Craig|date=July 19, 2013|website=[[NBC Sports]]|language=en-US|access-date=July 30, 2022}}</ref> Li te libere nan dat 19 Out. === Rangers Texas yo === Nan dat 5 desanm 2013, Contreras te siyen yon kontra lig minè ak Texas Rangers yo. Ekip la te akòde lanseur a liberasyon li nan dat 22 mas 2014, lè klib la te enfòme Contreras ke li pa t ap fè pati lis premye jou match la. === Toros de Tijuana === Nan dat 1ye avril 2014, Contreras te siyen ak Toros de Tijuana nan Lig Meksiken an. An 2014, li te fè 23 kòmansman nan 134 manche, li te fè 10-3 ak yon ERA 3.49 ak 140 strikeout. Li te libere nan dat 2 avril 2015. Nan 9 kòmansman 53.2 manche, li te fè 2-3 ak yon ERA 3.35 ak 52 strikeout. === Frè Chinatrust yo === Nan dat 5 Jiyè 2015, Contreras te siyen ak Chinatrust Brothers nan Lig Bezbòl Pwofesyonèl Chinwa a epi li te genyen MVP Jiyè 2015 la. Li te sèlman fè sèt kòmansman ak Brothers yo epi li te gen yon dosye 4-1 ak yon ERA 3.45. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/register/player.fcgi?id=contre004jos|title=José Contreras Cuban, Minor, Winter, Mexican & CPBL Leagues Statistics & History|website=[[Baseball-Reference.com]]|language=en|access-date=July 30, 2022}}</ref> Dènye fwa li te lanse se te 30 Out 2015, epi yo te plase l kòm antrenè lansè vizitè jou ki te vin apre a pou fè plas pou Víctor Gárate te ka rive nan limit lansè etranje nan ekip la. Kòm li te vle lanse, li te refize òf pou l vin antrenè lansè pou ane kap vini an. === Tig nan Quintana Roo === Nan dat 28 mas 2016, Contreras te siyen ak Tigres de Quintana Roo nan Lig Bezbòl Meksiken an . Li te libere nan dat 25 me. Nan 10 match kòm titular, 57 manche, li te fè yon dosye 3-4 ak yon ERA 3.79 epi 55 strikeout. == lavi pèsonèl == José se papa Joseph, yon lanseur ki te jwe nan Klasik Mondyal Bezbòl 2026 la pou Brezil . == Gade tou == == Referans == [[Kategori:Nesans nan lane 1971]] [[Kategori:Pages avec des traductions non relues]] cs8wnz9vd44rq5wfpq2ebfqtiibapvw 0 97694 882806 2026-07-15T06:20:22Z 1104s72 38991 Li kreye pa tradui paj « [[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1324067950|Alay Soler]] » 882806 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alain "Alay" Soler''' (ki fèt 9 oktòb 1979) se yon ansyen lanseur [[Bèzbòl|bezbòl]] ki te jwe nan Lig Majè Bezbòl pou New York Mets yo an 2006 . == Karyè == === Bonè karyè === Soler te ale lekòl segondè nan Espa Armani Arenado epi li te jwe bezbòl pandan katran. Li te gradye nan [[Nancy Uranga University|Inivèsite Nancy Uranga]] avèk yon diplòm nan edikasyon fizik. Soler te jwe bezbòl pou peyi li nan Je Mondyal Inivèsite yo nan Kiba an 1998 ak nan Itali an 2002 Li te patisipe tou nan Je Mondyal Jèn yo an 1996 epi li te yon koekipye José Contreras nan Pinar del Río nan Seri Nasyonal Kiben an . Apre sa, li te jwe kòm yon manm nan ekip nasyonal Kiben an . Soler te kite Kiba an novanm 2003 epi li te jwenn azil politik nan Repiblik Dominikèn. An 2004, li te lanse pou ekip Leones del Escogido nan Lig Ivè Bezbòl Dominikèn. Nan senk match, li te fini ak yon dosye 0 viktwa ak 2 defèt, ansanm ak yon mwayèn pwen li te bay (ERA) 5.28. Nan 15.1 manch li te lanse, li te bay 14 kout frap, 9 pwen, 6 mach gratis (walks), epi li te retire 23 frapè sou frap (strikeouts). Nan dat 26 oktòb, kont Estrellas Orientales, li te retire 10 frapè sou frap epi li te pèmèt sèlman yon sèl kout frap pandan senk manch. An mwayèn, Soler te retire 13.5 frapè sou frap pou chak nèf manch li te lanse. === Mets Nouyòk yo === Nan mwa septanm 2004, Soler te siyen yon kontra twa zan, $2.8 milyon dola nan lig majè ak New York Mets yo. Sepandan, li pa t kapab jwenn yon viza pou antre Ozetazini jiskaske novanm 2005. Li te kòmanse karyè li kòm yon Met ak Single-A St. Lucie Mets yo nan mwa avril 2006, men li te byen vit monte nan Double-A Binghamton Mets yo nan mwa me. Soler te fè premye match li nan lig majè kòm yon titilè nan Shea Stadium nan dat 24 me 2006. Li te bay de pwen touche, senk kou ak kat mache nan sis manche san okenn desizyon pandan Mets yo te bat Philadelphia Phillies yo 5-4. Nan katriyèm match Soler kòm titilè (10 jen 2006), li te lanse premye match konplè li san pwen, yon match kont Arizona Diamondbacks yo ak de kou. Pandan premye mwatye 2006 la, Soler te anrejistre yon dosye 2-3 ak yon ERA 6.00. Nan dat 3 Jiyè 2006, yo te voye Soler tounen nan Triple-A Norfolk Tides apre yon move pèfòmans lavèy kont New York Yankees yo. Mets yo te bay Soler lage l san kondisyon nan dat 12 mas 2007. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mlbtraderumors.com/2007/03/alay-soler-javy.html|title=Alay Soler, Javy Lopez Released|website=mlbtraderumors.com|language=en|access-date=November 25, 2025}}</ref> Li te lanse yon fason ki pa enpresyonan pandan antrennman prentan an . === Pirat Pittsburgh yo === Nan dat 19 mas 2007, Soler te siyen ak Pittsburgh Pirates yo. Nan kòmansman sezon an, yo te plase Soler nan ekip afilye Double-A Pirates yo a, Altoona Curve . Li te fini 1-1 ak yon ERA 6.00 nan 14 aparisyon anvan yo te lage l nan dat 28 jen. === Kanna Long Island yo === Nan dat 19 avril 2008, Soler te siyen yon kontra yon ane pou $400,000 ak Houston Astros yo, men li te revoke pita anvan li te jwe pou òganizasyon an. Apre sa, Soler te jwe pou Long Island Ducks nan Lig Atlantik Bezbòl Pwofesyonèl la. Li te anonse retrèt li nan bezbòl pwofesyonèl nan dat 12 septanm. === Lous Newark yo === Sepandan, an 2009, Soler te soti nan jaden retrèt li nan sèt match pou Newark Bears yo nan Lig Atlantik Bezbòl Pwofesyonèl la. == Gade tou == * Lis jwè bezbòl ki te kite Kiba == Referans == {{Referans}} [[Kategori:Nesans nan lane 1979]] [[Kategori:Pages avec des traductions non relues]] b4cwye568s07nq2je2mehfsy7hk5ldg 0 97695 882808 2026-07-15T07:07:19Z 1104s72 38991 Paj ki kreye ak " Gade [[Kalandriye pèsan]] " 882808 wikitext text/x-wiki Gade [[Kalandriye pèsan]] az7zq2xxj8b51wrud1nmvzatsrhk2ie 0 97696 882809 2026-07-15T07:14:05Z 1104s72 38991 Paj ki kreye ak " Gade [[Jewografi Ayiti]] " 882809 wikitext text/x-wiki Gade [[Jewografi Ayiti]] n9vgcrl5ahf3j0w1z8nqbf2uubboln8